id
stringlengths 6
8
| url
stringlengths 31
167
| title
stringlengths 1
98
| text
stringlengths 26
185k
| embedding
list |
|---|---|---|---|---|
123411 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gildford%2C%20Montana | Gildford, Montana | Gildford is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States. The population was 179 at the 2010 census.
The town was named for Guildford, England. A flour mill, which milled Golden Grain Flour, operated from 1915 to 1951.
Geography
Gildford is located in west-central Hill County at (48.569785, -110.297115). U.S. Route 2 passes along the southern edge of the community, leading east to Havre, the county seat, and west to Shelby.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
School
Historically Gildford had an independent public school district, but consolidated with Kremlin to form the K-G School District in 1971. At that time the junior and senior high schools were located in Gildford. Further consolidation occurred in advance of the 2005-06 school year when the K-G School District consolidated with the neighboring Blue Sky School District, forming the North Star Public School District (Districts 99 and M). With this most recent merger, the elementary school is located in Gildford. The junior and senior high schools are now located in Rudyard, Montana. The current mascot for North Star Public Schools is the Knight, with the school colors being black, royal blue, and white.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 185 people, 76 households, and 54 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 36.9 people per square mile (14.3/km2). There were 86 housing units at an average density of 17.2 per square mile (6.6/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.84% White, 1.08% Native American, and 1.08% from two or more races.
There were 76 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.5% were married couples living together, 3.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.98.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.0% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 21.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.9 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $33,125, and the median income for a family was $43,750. Males had a median income of $23,125 versus $28,438 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,648. About 4.4% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen and 6.1% of those 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.3321564495563507,
0.9408054947853088,
0.58294677734375,
-0.25353339314460754,
0.09662454575300217,
0.184170663356781,
0.865971565246582,
0.2825426757335663,
-0.12102936208248138,
0.1686173677444458,
0.006153204943984747,
-0.13512834906578064,
-0.6488394141197205,
0.9593989253044128,
-0.6789300441741943,
0.3985072076320648,
0.4353415071964264,
0.9024561047554016,
0.7363904118537903,
-0.39263325929641724,
0.1690618246793747,
-0.6725139617919922,
0.15197977423667908,
0.20148569345474243,
0.28762996196746826,
0.5978170037269592,
0.42528197169303894,
0.17789499461650848,
-0.364401251077652,
0.2369401603937149,
-0.1299516260623932,
0.4424128234386444,
-0.12125355005264282,
0.24068304896354675,
0.02509419061243534,
0.012599998153746128,
0.7445929050445557,
-0.0019935164600610733,
-0.10913557559251785,
-0.20948030054569244,
0.0807299017906189,
-0.12430008500814438,
0.1090211346745491,
0.043966978788375854,
0.03113659843802452,
-0.5666296482086182,
-1.4997632503509521,
0.7248020768165588,
-0.5828183889389038,
-0.40458405017852783,
-1.0934900045394897,
-0.43952232599258423,
0.19019506871700287,
-0.44170236587524414,
0.6953510046005249,
0.48593926429748535,
-0.3050616383552551,
0.31743648648262024,
0.5050681829452515,
-0.09056315571069717,
-0.32130569219589233,
0.2664630115032196,
0.3997219204902649,
0.1115667074918747,
-0.09798257797956467,
-0.026569144800305367,
0.257745623588562,
0.4383455216884613,
0.30777373909950256,
-0.9158211946487427,
-0.11362267285585403,
0.24325037002563477,
-0.3069552779197693,
0.3237875699996948,
0.181097149848938,
0.617540717124939,
-0.548019528388977,
-0.07228901982307434,
-0.14870966970920563,
0.10066518187522888,
0.37240734696388245,
0.13899122178554535,
0.5119215250015259,
-0.031276486814022064,
0.16711263358592987,
-0.030964700505137444,
-0.6673782467842102,
0.37400269508361816,
-0.09375466406345367,
0.6794503927230835,
-0.8582664132118225,
-0.584004819393158,
-0.1808532476425171,
-0.09603661298751831,
0.1966545432806015,
-0.31282171607017517,
-0.12139531970024109,
0.5132982730865479,
-0.4179411232471466,
0.35119569301605225,
0.07010903209447861,
0.025889182463288307,
0.8665001392364502,
-0.40730297565460205,
-0.5175825357437134,
-0.5779256224632263,
-0.9378818869590759,
-0.30237069725990295,
0.017738714814186096,
0.1257687509059906,
-0.46829482913017273,
0.08826638013124466,
-0.17067252099514008,
-0.4396129250526428,
-0.012180119752883911,
0.8927939534187317,
0.026401732116937637,
-0.3591771125793457,
-0.15003469586372375,
0.06662425398826599,
0.48038172721862793,
0.6116479635238647,
-0.7100180387496948,
0.005449446849524975,
-0.20604979991912842,
0.24252963066101074,
0.382576048374176,
0.08085951954126358,
-0.0963926836848259,
0.44167765974998474,
-0.6739290952682495,
0.5603069067001343,
0.04860418289899826,
0.3670820891857147,
-0.16773341596126556,
-0.8129664063453674,
-0.28429114818573,
-0.5033934116363525,
0.1313503533601761,
0.3906240165233612,
-0.4352581799030304,
-0.34685978293418884,
-0.20937414467334747,
-0.4028792977333069,
0.3119566738605499,
-0.020494598895311356,
0.09847256541252136,
-0.7410381436347961,
-0.28784799575805664,
0.3747459948062897,
0.3364429771900177,
0.3674653470516205,
0.5078091025352478,
0.7059455513954163,
0.33537039160728455,
0.5134977102279663,
0.6871495842933655,
0.4273276925086975,
0.7112128138542175,
0.5231348276138306,
0.2091507762670517,
1.1024006605148315,
0.6989277005195618,
-0.06999615579843521,
0.679898202419281,
-0.12787175178527832,
0.6933339834213257,
-0.5526149272918701,
0.3459702730178833,
0.29576346278190613,
-0.41132116317749023,
0.6106969714164734,
0.7035791873931885,
0.1563279777765274,
0.33479633927345276,
-0.6678963303565979,
0.618165910243988,
0.4424149990081787,
-0.24650610983371735,
-0.2341739982366562,
-0.8213074803352356,
-0.17084315419197083,
0.059564895927906036,
0.3728009760379791,
0.03412577509880066,
0.4780014157295227,
0.08331619203090668,
0.012259178794920444,
-0.016959508880972862,
-1.2886987924575806,
-0.24269999563694,
-1.0442630052566528,
0.7352681756019592,
-0.6298722624778748,
0.7483744025230408,
-0.14673759043216705,
0.12741892039775848,
0.38695085048675537,
-0.7524518370628357,
0.36975300312042236,
-0.17257164418697357,
-0.3564133644104004,
0.6364383101463318,
-0.730184018611908,
0.006661665625870228,
0.07402908802032471,
0.38096922636032104,
-0.03954588621854782,
0.1428339183330536,
0.8159521818161011,
0.369694322347641,
-0.3989925980567932,
-0.33476921916007996,
1.1938520669937134,
-0.8718448877334595,
-0.07991988211870193,
0.061332859098911285,
-0.01699724979698658,
0.6011925935745239,
-0.45205584168434143,
0.5161737203598022,
0.10269191116094589,
-0.09444302320480347,
-0.12696124613285065,
-0.2759568989276886,
0.7171119451522827,
0.6976595520973206,
0.1603298783302307,
-0.3093646764755249,
0.24642020463943481,
0.4468483626842499,
0.47265034914016724,
0.5705366730690002,
-0.2581169307231903,
-0.3729628026485443,
0.18525008857250214,
0.023224130272865295,
-0.25687476992607117,
0.6044780611991882,
-0.854292631149292,
0.020609285682439804,
0.19934435188770294,
-0.11727090924978256,
0.38402751088142395,
0.5266033411026001,
0.842293381690979,
0.11363296955823898,
0.1121489480137825,
-0.19181033968925476,
-0.30980584025382996,
0.35753995180130005,
0.07088443636894226,
-0.0510876290500164,
-0.5058760046958923,
-0.1510758399963379,
0.28106066584587097,
-0.37918296456336975,
-0.3794694244861603,
0.1803697794675827,
0.0045899804681539536,
-0.11184683442115784,
0.22651228308677673,
-0.5839051008224487,
-0.12467823922634125,
0.3934558629989624,
-0.5559433102607727,
-0.1490473449230194,
-0.9367276430130005,
-0.19041351974010468,
0.6468167901039124,
-0.22021843492984772,
0.22621099650859833,
-0.504335880279541,
0.805095911026001,
0.5601118803024292,
0.65553218126297,
-0.4534149765968323,
-0.6335262656211853,
-0.4571012556552887,
-0.1502416431903839,
0.27482467889785767,
0.9406473636627197,
-0.5516787171363831,
-0.08382946997880936,
-0.611650824546814,
-0.6982739567756653,
0.4909798204898834,
-0.4630422294139862,
-0.47115597128868103,
-0.12553708255290985,
-0.03227071464061737,
0.16400156915187836,
-0.33670279383659363,
0.24875186383724213,
-1.0889689922332764,
0.11539198458194733,
0.2105359584093094,
-0.058438919484615326,
0.8589444756507874,
-0.6531078815460205,
-0.17677447199821472,
0.3604598641395569,
-0.46575483679771423,
0.21597333252429962,
0.021353745833039284,
-0.2894289195537567,
-0.17437823116779327,
-0.358478307723999,
-4.735311031341553,
0.7442277669906616,
-0.04767328128218651,
-0.6165086627006531,
0.06571020185947418,
-0.1978606879711151,
-0.2737082540988922,
-0.38638681173324585,
0.08206533640623093,
0.3748626410961151,
-0.06300137937068939,
-0.3299659490585327,
0.03934158757328987,
0.5575478076934814,
1.073932409286499,
0.5546265840530396,
0.8355010747909546,
-0.6418535709381104,
0.80686354637146,
0.08140850812196732,
-0.3362308740615845,
0.40675243735313416,
-0.2169034481048584,
0.24834387004375458,
0.998460054397583,
1.0337748527526855,
-0.42561477422714233,
-0.4843982458114624,
-0.7111580967903137,
0.18601028621196747,
0.5069880485534668,
0.15042677521705627,
-0.7587584257125854,
0.23396074771881104,
-0.19660411775112152,
0.05151761695742607,
0.36088329553604126,
-0.446373850107193,
0.27115124464035034,
-0.5154105424880981,
0.6628821492195129,
0.37095800042152405,
-0.6905107498168945,
-0.6149763464927673,
0.7203622460365295,
0.019785413518548012,
-0.4389897882938385,
-0.3107859790325165,
0.016249271109700203,
0.6436414122581482,
0.30742526054382324,
0.23912328481674194,
0.7481697797775269,
0.14237409830093384,
0.4371321201324463,
-0.33611544966697693,
0.25773873925209045,
0.2898142337799072,
-0.5508463382720947,
0.8287249207496643,
0.17548394203186035,
-0.7003158926963806,
0.1773732304573059,
0.09474962204694748,
-0.30307310819625854,
-0.3938620686531067,
0.32874932885169983,
0.15538714826107025,
0.38452085852622986,
-0.34436699748039246,
-0.1579989492893219,
0.6033095717430115,
-0.2590455710887909,
-0.7451366782188416,
0.40804868936538696,
-0.6537730693817139,
-0.08246351778507233,
0.550844669342041,
-1.0752061605453491,
-0.18431459367275238,
-0.19112859666347504,
0.04304429516196251,
0.5203182101249695,
0.41144150495529175,
0.4154215157032013,
-0.5655588507652283,
0.18530455231666565,
-0.26791226863861084,
0.050529662519693375,
-0.8131418824195862,
0.9074578285217285,
-0.3115292489528656,
0.7368905544281006,
-0.2612757980823517,
-0.09202726930379868,
0.5092783570289612,
0.79326331615448,
0.060200102627277374,
-0.14398956298828125,
-0.4763672649860382,
0.3946182131767273,
-0.08755943179130554,
0.14843079447746277,
-0.48377615213394165,
-0.1660498082637787,
-0.6208890080451965,
0.04151202738285065,
0.3018013536930084,
0.4547783136367798,
-0.6055617332458496,
-0.39143192768096924,
0.04510156065225601,
-0.5907291769981384,
-0.08039671182632446,
0.1297871470451355,
0.06406085938215256,
-0.5741212964057922,
0.04543424770236015,
0.524000346660614,
0.34974032640457153,
0.10560350120067596,
-0.5400098562240601,
-0.289381206035614,
0.22459350526332855,
-0.6052968502044678,
-0.3402833640575409,
0.4193347990512848,
0.1910410076379776,
-0.38279080390930176,
0.19191738963127136,
-0.02783009596168995,
0.11765199154615402,
-0.6117874383926392,
-0.32266920804977417,
-0.5354036688804626,
0.21771998703479767,
-0.7778200507164001,
-0.735042154788971,
0.4918132722377777,
0.3627578020095825,
0.7893576622009277,
0.13106586039066315,
-0.721728503704071,
0.9032480716705322,
-0.5303218364715576,
0.2794397175312042,
0.3645496368408203,
0.016778752207756042,
-0.8713940978050232,
0.5276076793670654,
-0.4546665847301483,
-0.07811740040779114,
-0.12282747775316238,
-0.43458476662635803,
0.3341769874095917,
-0.060549695044755936,
0.015687424689531326,
0.5805279612541199,
-0.043714217841625214,
-0.5772336721420288,
0.07641660422086716,
-0.08149822801351547,
-0.6205914616584778,
1.005006194114685,
-0.02206517569720745,
-0.6411237716674805,
-0.7373121976852417,
0.18771111965179443,
-0.44508543610572815,
0.5155521035194397,
0.8768011927604675,
-0.5327985286712646,
-0.3697567284107208,
-0.06150452420115471,
0.4334582984447479,
-0.3863120377063751,
-0.2850850820541382,
0.03716889023780823,
0.06355303525924683,
-0.01714707538485527,
-0.044424429535865784,
-0.5259613394737244,
-0.45238715410232544,
-0.4192773997783661,
0.0416383221745491,
-0.4264192283153534,
-0.3294830918312073,
-0.69020676612854,
0.2741345167160034,
0.4405345618724823,
0.018182341009378433,
-0.5316645503044128,
0.34692564606666565,
-0.00678325304761529,
-0.07403074949979782,
-1.1088192462921143,
0.13756339251995087,
-0.19845950603485107,
-0.389563649892807,
-0.8342181444168091,
0.11237926781177521,
0.6881895661354065,
-0.5837939381599426,
0.06698799133300781,
-0.1197066381573677,
-0.908433198928833,
0.6403904557228088,
0.4535379409790039,
-0.8391125202178955,
0.5847354531288147,
-0.3727782070636749,
-0.695053219795227,
0.3837353587150574,
0.4519878327846527,
0.024990910664200783,
0.4807520806789398,
0.2102212756872177,
0.4368067681789398,
-0.769505500793457,
-0.2972123622894287,
-0.2442655861377716,
-0.2268044501543045,
0.04506319761276245,
-0.8305705189704895,
-0.46128350496292114,
-0.14981169998645782,
0.2562917470932007,
-0.1890476793050766,
0.8887001276016235,
-0.8599457144737244,
0.15550358593463898,
0.09648867696523666,
-0.16638803482055664,
0.12039827555418015,
0.590892493724823,
0.2514662742614746,
-0.8092865943908691,
0.016231399029493332,
0.8479160666465759,
-0.17205902934074402,
0.5437254905700684,
1.273054599761963,
0.4599814713001251,
-0.6361204981803894,
-0.5190827250480652,
-0.003987106494605541,
0.3359356224536896,
-0.24036303162574768,
-1.1317205429077148,
0.8409392237663269,
1.0560641288757324,
-0.48685240745544434,
-0.13169726729393005,
0.024074243381619453,
1.3983206748962402,
-0.4949721395969391,
-0.05046657472848892,
0.9371886253356934,
-0.36884477734565735,
0.4152040183544159,
0.24400834739208221,
-0.07788311690092087,
-0.29796698689460754,
0.2081872969865799,
0.4483967423439026,
-0.07760891318321228,
-0.026794584468007088,
-0.8041698932647705,
0.06714734435081482,
-1.0090610980987549,
-0.16731762886047363,
0.006977159064263105,
0.3973904848098755,
-0.030587371438741684,
-0.5500531792640686,
0.04602234438061714,
-0.10197396576404572,
-0.5841503739356995,
-0.6372647881507874,
-0.06665287911891937,
-0.7563309073448181,
-0.10373324900865555,
0.5020883083343506,
-0.257691890001297,
-0.20424321293830872,
-1.0218394994735718,
-0.24683798849582672,
0.03869204968214035,
-1.108766794204712,
0.019692054018378258,
-0.20998695492744446,
-0.03358250483870506,
-0.054245851933956146,
-0.8315912485122681,
0.14268216490745544,
0.15202905237674713,
-0.15539129078388214,
0.12111064046621323,
-0.7751280069351196,
0.31900179386138916,
-0.6882553100585938,
1.0400285720825195,
-0.34420743584632874,
-0.9910560846328735,
0.03524139150977135,
-0.11690068989992142,
-0.30627959966659546,
-0.629967987537384,
0.0074584828689694405,
0.16897191107273102,
0.3668794333934784,
0.192069873213768,
0.038553494960069656,
0.5819223523139954,
-0.8446130156517029,
0.5102287530899048,
0.056953173130750656,
-0.48391807079315186,
-0.2796149253845215,
0.2915273904800415,
-0.45187753438949585,
0.4231993556022644,
0.608313798904419,
0.47669246792793274,
-0.1734459400177002,
1.0442652702331543,
-0.1347009539604187,
1.043357253074646,
-0.019192738458514214,
0.14483121037483215,
-0.373380184173584,
-1.5698933601379395,
-0.7333844900131226,
0.171895831823349,
-0.6893661022186279,
-0.04014118015766144,
-0.07929238677024841,
-0.2167251855134964,
-0.5164264440536499,
0.06779272109270096,
-0.2422913908958435,
0.22735397517681122,
-0.3912532329559326,
-0.31418606638908386,
0.029962528496980667,
-0.4208056926727295,
-0.2325786054134369,
-0.09387935698032379,
0.3801358640193939,
-0.20103320479393005,
-0.27782827615737915,
-0.44151777029037476,
-0.5655565857887268,
-0.9317852854728699,
-0.6780931949615479,
0.1017429456114769,
-0.00877431407570839,
-0.6227643489837646,
-0.6948598027229309,
0.3634740114212036,
-0.16481910645961761,
-1.1833587884902954,
0.46137797832489014,
0.024996185675263405,
-0.20187783241271973,
-0.5664946436882019,
0.8818943500518799,
-0.6293280720710754,
-0.1601499766111374,
0.9386662840843201,
0.6649165153503418,
0.4606349766254425,
0.4110185205936432,
0.6672675013542175,
-0.18992292881011963,
0.5652958750724792,
0.46982449293136597,
0.2531241178512573,
-0.05555164813995361,
0.02966839261353016,
-0.4296870231628418,
0.49593445658683777,
-0.18475200235843658,
-0.4455204904079437,
-0.06564795970916748,
-0.27303609251976013,
0.20669712126255035,
0.549001157283783,
-0.1343182623386383,
-0.7149513959884644,
0.49893292784690857,
-0.00981852225959301,
-0.13850368559360504,
-0.02527477964758873,
0.09661152958869934,
-0.2061183750629425,
0.25463002920150757,
0.40338388085365295,
0.973283052444458,
0.36538398265838623,
0.48088979721069336,
-0.12169520556926727,
0.44457733631134033,
-0.17429126799106598,
0.284016877412796,
0.33504176139831543,
-0.45212188363075256,
0.5628431439399719,
-0.46748241782188416,
0.349972665309906,
-0.36394140124320984,
0.16939182579517365,
-0.26348087191581726,
0.2819533348083496,
-0.19854702055454254,
-0.07715040445327759,
0.46128717064857483,
-0.04939141869544983,
-0.3340195119380951,
-0.3052540719509125,
-0.09802446514368057,
-0.40057405829429626,
0.5319104790687561,
0.8130854964256287,
-0.10487523674964905,
-0.26775461435317993,
-0.01819671131670475,
-0.2625860869884491,
-0.929709792137146,
0.579108476638794,
0.13985277712345123,
-1.071918249130249,
-0.022226985543966293,
0.025354674085974693,
-0.32546141743659973,
-0.8286935687065125,
-0.21801163256168365,
1.0709764957427979,
0.4874013066291809,
-0.38425248861312866,
0.07430417835712433,
-0.362612783908844,
0.24286209046840668,
0.10547693073749542,
0.8186526298522949,
0.8973179459571838,
-1.023799180984497,
-0.8861894011497498,
-0.5322721600532532,
0.1525164544582367,
0.2007838934659958,
-0.3519271910190582,
0.13501277565956116,
-0.15766054391860962,
0.4232274293899536,
0.487488329410553,
0.3275041878223419,
-0.52858966588974,
0.705267608165741,
-0.1715794801712036
]
|
123412 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havre%2C%20Montana | Havre, Montana | Havre ( ) is the county seat and largest city in Hill County, Montana, United States. Havre is nicknamed the crown jewel of the Hi-Line. It is said to be named after the city of Le Havre in France. As of the 2020 census the population was 9,362.
History
Havre was incorporated in north central Montana in 1893. It was founded primarily to serve as a major railroad service center for the Great Northern Railway (built by James J. Hill) with its location midway between Seattle and Minneapolis-St. Paul. A statue of Hill stands near the Havre Amtrak station to commemorate the key contributions his railroad has made to Havre's and Montana's history. Also next to the station on display is Great Northern S-2 Class #2584, a 4-8-4 "Northern" type steam locomotive that served the station while it was in passenger service.
Originally named "Bullhook Bottoms", the town held a series of meetings to determine a new name. The original settlers were given the final decision, and due to a strong French influence, the town was renamed "Havre".
Simon Pepin (1840–1914), the "Father of Havre", was born in Quebec and emigrated to Montana in 1863, where he became a contractor, furnishing supplies for the construction of Fort Custer, Fort Assinniboine, and Fort Maginnis. Pepin purchased ranch land near Fort Assinniboine. When James J. Hill built the Great Northern Railway across northern Montana, he built several locomotive shops on property Pepin owned at the site of Havre. Pepin became a major contributor to Havre's economic growth through his cattle, real estate, and banking enterprises.
Havre is the eighth-largest city in Montana, and the largest city in the Montana section of the Hi-Line. With the nearest larger city, Great Falls, about to the south, Havre serves as a medical and business center for the Montana section of the Hi-Line. U.S. Highway 87 has its northern terminus at Havre. U.S. Highway 2, running east–west, is the city's main street. The largest employers are Northern Montana Hospital, Montana State University–Northern, and the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway (). Throughout much of the twentieth century, was the most prominent employer in the city, but the company scaled back its workforce in Havre in the 1990s. The Milk River (tributary of the Missouri River) runs through the town, and the Bears Paw Mountains can be seen to the south.
Small grids of purple squares can be seen in some of the sidewalks downtown. These are skylights for an underground mall built in the city at least a hundred years ago. Throughout its history, this underground area has been host to a brothel, a Chinese laundromat, a saloon, a drugstore, at least three opium dens, and rooms used for smuggling alcohol during Prohibition. When fire destroyed Havre's business district in 1904, legitimate above-ground businesses joined the illicit businesses operating in the underground while the new brick buildings were built in the streets above. The underground area, now designated "Havre Beneath the Streets", currently operates as a tourist attraction.
The Wahkpa Chu'gn buffalo jump, or bison kill, is located behind the Holiday Village Shopping Center near the northwest corner of Havre. Over 2,000 years old, it is one of the largest and best preserved buffalo jumps anywhere. In prehistoric times, Native Americans would drive bison over the edge of the cliff, killing or severely injuring the animals. Afterwards, the Native Americans skinned the animals and preserved the meat. The buffalo jump is now an archaeological site and a small tourist attraction.
The buffalo jump is located at the southern edge of the Havre Badlands, a badlands formation that runs alongside the Milk River to the west of the city. Small fossils, including seashells and petrified wood, can be found in the limestone sediment in this area.
southwest of Havre is Fort Assinniboine, which served as one of Montana's principal military posts from 1879 through the Prohibition era. The fort was one of many used by the United States to protect against potential attacks from Native Americans and to block incursions from Canada. At its peak, the fort housed and employed 489 soldiers in 104 buildings.
Also near Havre is the Bear's Paw Battlefield site of the Battle of Bear Paw, where the Nez Perce were attacked and defeated by the U.S. Cavalry. Chief Joseph surrendered to the Cavalry and made a famous speech ending with the line, "From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever."
In 2018, two natural-born U.S. citizens were detained by U.S. Customs and Border Protection agents; in 2020, they settled with CBP for an undisclosed sum.
Geography
Havre is located in eastern Hill County at (48.5454, -109.6775). U.S. Route 2 (1st Street) is the main road through the city, running east to west near the city's northern border. Route 2 leads east to Malta and west to Shelby and Interstate 15. U.S. Route 87 has its northern terminus in West Havre, west of downtown Havre. US 87 leads southwest to Great Falls. Montana Secondary Highway 234 leads south from the center of Havre to the Bear Paw Ski Bowl in the Bears Paw Mountains.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Havre has a total area of , all land.
Climate
Havre experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) with long, cold, dry winters and hot summers with cool nights. Winter weather can vary greatly from brutal cold when Arctic air moves in from Canada, to temperatures far above due to chinook windsfor instance the coldest month (and only one to never top freezing) of January 1916 averaged and February 1936 during a notorious cold wave , but February 1954 averaged as high as and January 1919, . The hottest temperature recorded in Havre is on August 5, 1961, and the coldest on January 27, 1916.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 9,310 people, 3,900 households, and 2,293 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 4,285 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 81.6% White, 0.4% African American, 13.0% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.3% from other races, and 4.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.5% of the population.
There were 3,900 households, of which 30.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.3% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.2% were non-families. 33.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.98.
The median age in the city was 33.9 years. 25.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.5% were from 25 to 44; 25.2% were from 45 to 64; and 13.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.8% male and 50.2% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 9,621 people, 4,015 households, and 2,449 families living in the city. The population density was 2,778.2 people per square mile (1,073.6/km2). There were 4,400 housing units at an average density of 1,270.6 per square mile (491.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 87.08% White, 0.11% African American, 9.01% Native American, 0.49% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.51% from other races, and 2.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.48% of the population.
There were 4,015 households, out of which 31.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.95.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 13.6% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $29,944, and the median income for a family was $38,870. Males had a median income of $30,401 versus $19,189 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,847. About 14.8% of families and 17.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.0% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.
Transportation
Havre is located on the Northern Transcon of the BNSF Railway; Amtrak's Empire Builder stops at Havre station daily. Havre City–County Airport is a public use airport located three miles (6 km) west of Havre. North Central Montana Transit provides limited bus service to Great Falls, Montana, the Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation, Harlem, Montana, and Fort Belknap, Montana.
Local media
Radio
KOJM AM 610/FM 98.3 (Oldies)
KNMC FM 90.1 (College Radio)
KPQX FM 92.5 (Country)
KXEI FM 95.1 (Christian)
KRYK FM 101.3 (Adult contemporary)
Television
Stations available from the Great Falls market:
KRTV Ch. 3 (CBS)
KTGF-LD Ch. 50 (NBC)
KUGF-TV Ch. 21 (PBS)
KFBB Ch. 5 (ABC)
Satellite television providers are available to the entire area, and cable service comes from Charter Cable.
Newspapers
The Havre Daily News is regionally available. Its circulation is 3,500 papers daily, published Monday through Friday. It has a full online edition by subscription, as well as some free content online. The larger Great Falls Tribune is also available in most areas. The Havre Herald was a free online site for local news (closed mid-2020).
Education
The city is served by Havre Public Schools, which operates Havre High School, S.U.N.S. Alternative High School, Havre Middle School, and three elementary schools.
Higher education is provided at the Montana State University-Northern campus.
Havre has a public library, the Havre-Hill County Library.
The city also hosts one private school within city limits, Saint Judes Thaddeus School; it is affiliated with the Catholic Church.
Points of interest
LORAN-C transmitter Havre
Big Bud 747, the world's largest farm tractor
Too Close for Comfort Site, a buffalo jump archaeological site, open to visitors
Havre also hosts historic bars, namely the Oxford Sports Bar and The Palace.
The Havre Underground, a tourist attraction that takes you to the historic under city, is a local favourite.
Notable people
Philip Aaberg, pianist and composer
John Ahern, Washington state legislator and businessman
Jeff Ament, musician, Pearl Jam's bassist
Karan Armstrong, opera singer
Harriet Bossnot, social and civic worker
T.V. Buttrey, academic and numismatist
Ryan Divish, journalist for the Seattle Times
Jeff Doyle, Major League Baseball player
William Hulett, actor in Cirque du Soleil, Zumanity
Marc Mariani, former NFL football player
Larry Maze, bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Arkansas, 1994–2006
Jill McLain, Miss Montana USA 2006
Karl Ohs, former lieutenant governor of Montana
Flint Rasmussen, professional rodeo clown
Rob Ryan, Major League Baseball player
Rick Rydell, radio talk show host and outdoors author
Brian Schweitzer, governor of Montana 2005–2013
Stan Stephens, governor of Montana 1989–1993
Jon Tester, incumbent U.S. senator
Mike Tilleman, former NFL football player
Jacob Bachmeier, one of the youngest state legislators in the United States
See also
Fort Assinniboine
Havre station
Montana State University–Northern
Rocky Boy Indian Reservation
References
External links
Havre Chamber of Commerce
History of Havre on the Web
Wahkpa Chu'gn Bison Kill
Montana State University Northern
State of Montana's Havre Profile
1893 establishments in Montana
Cities in Hill County, Montana
County seats in Montana
Populated places established in 1893
Cities in Montana | [
0.26085132360458374,
0.47495996952056885,
0.47843435406684875,
-0.33458420634269714,
0.1032615676522255,
0.5239351391792297,
0.7581530809402466,
0.4771654009819031,
-0.17848758399486542,
-0.12052945792675018,
-0.3410736620426178,
0.07040596008300781,
-0.695755660533905,
0.36484017968177795,
-0.6278953552246094,
0.49852654337882996,
0.19541865587234497,
0.6419829726219177,
0.6183757781982422,
-0.032106708735227585,
-0.13467198610305786,
-0.40313369035720825,
0.4648473262786865,
0.4438413083553314,
0.213249072432518,
0.34957155585289,
0.08465572446584702,
0.12255416810512543,
-0.28521332144737244,
0.10479436814785004,
-0.11544816941022873,
0.4814821779727936,
-0.7833285927772522,
0.1732962280511856,
-0.2694791853427887,
-0.05810875818133354,
0.6763623952865601,
0.278030127286911,
0.2234894186258316,
-0.09117441624403,
-0.07907313853502274,
-0.348644495010376,
0.32300686836242676,
-0.4618207812309265,
0.1521909236907959,
-0.6332112550735474,
-1.0469214916229248,
0.5497886538505554,
-0.9106674194335938,
-0.37151360511779785,
-1.0915379524230957,
-0.20541086792945862,
-0.46477043628692627,
0.5557437539100647,
0.8150021433830261,
0.44608280062675476,
-0.5136420726776123,
-0.09468020498752594,
0.17579996585845947,
0.23234443366527557,
-0.20280073583126068,
0.8064038157463074,
0.11467812210321426,
-0.21650026738643646,
-0.03264138102531433,
-0.13054443895816803,
0.0431605689227581,
0.25457727909088135,
0.4875531792640686,
-0.8626241087913513,
-0.0351744070649147,
0.12556053698062897,
-0.3730382025241852,
0.355940580368042,
0.2897067368030548,
0.5266342759132385,
-0.8042597770690918,
-0.2469177544116974,
0.19619707763195038,
-0.10466908663511276,
0.551338255405426,
0.16319015622138977,
0.4948344826698303,
-0.10772088170051575,
0.16554677486419678,
0.3163154721260071,
-0.4511283040046692,
-0.06759268790483475,
0.4176533818244934,
0.6254312992095947,
-0.35477113723754883,
-0.2629042863845825,
0.1946067363023758,
0.05388066917657852,
0.22478456795215607,
-0.7881066203117371,
0.0809929370880127,
0.5240225195884705,
-0.3464928865432739,
0.010370975360274315,
-0.49315696954727173,
0.027930250391364098,
1.0549588203430176,
-0.278654009103775,
-0.18795718252658844,
-0.32272034883499146,
-0.5203563570976257,
0.3088591396808624,
0.2456314116716385,
0.05627276003360748,
-0.3966882526874542,
0.04868745803833008,
-0.0660327672958374,
-0.31990882754325867,
-0.3021986186504364,
-0.3083553910255432,
0.19243130087852478,
-0.48954591155052185,
-0.15590868890285492,
-0.536658525466919,
0.32708975672721863,
0.6982245445251465,
-0.018208015710115433,
0.2587820589542389,
-0.30704203248023987,
0.15226273238658905,
0.3904830515384674,
-0.12335140258073807,
0.3304539918899536,
-0.24145811796188354,
-0.535704493522644,
0.5756415724754333,
-0.34209561347961426,
0.8512269258499146,
-0.09711577743291855,
-0.5018270015716553,
0.02673475444316864,
-0.316628634929657,
0.2654510736465454,
-0.02895226888358593,
-0.8160523772239685,
-0.06404279917478561,
0.1460874080657959,
0.14567257463932037,
0.4867081344127655,
-0.23244807124137878,
-0.004200146533548832,
-1.0902438163757324,
0.02618938870728016,
-0.23803101480007172,
-0.03140847757458687,
0.3829871416091919,
0.04421151429414749,
0.6067501902580261,
0.13677841424942017,
-0.14983601868152618,
1.44276762008667,
0.40012937784194946,
0.3241211175918579,
0.5195874571800232,
0.06760866940021515,
1.1613625288009644,
0.9134178757667542,
-0.007529910188168287,
0.6882631182670593,
-0.38998791575431824,
0.7001739740371704,
0.10027564316987991,
0.008209086954593658,
0.13953030109405518,
-0.4030311405658722,
0.1962265968322754,
0.6775079965591431,
0.1595052033662796,
-0.1252841055393219,
-0.4008967876434326,
0.7512754797935486,
0.40711116790771484,
-0.039374012500047684,
-0.1374843716621399,
-0.686547577381134,
1.0365294218063354,
0.040588971227407455,
-0.06425434350967407,
0.36041173338890076,
0.13441020250320435,
0.12449213862419128,
-0.15527120232582092,
-0.6631463170051575,
-1.2310535907745361,
-0.18695063889026642,
-0.6578055024147034,
0.3872206211090088,
-0.049813974648714066,
0.4570889174938202,
-0.3832336366176605,
-0.3926321566104889,
0.7752293348312378,
0.025834498926997185,
0.43395179510116577,
-0.48433056473731995,
-0.20805001258850098,
0.7545661330223083,
-0.6112720966339111,
-0.5395246744155884,
0.44157662987709045,
0.23504012823104858,
0.17343564331531525,
0.41065382957458496,
0.8347226977348328,
0.19207890331745148,
-0.40875908732414246,
-0.32479116320610046,
0.8153293132781982,
-0.8229696750640869,
0.05235905200242996,
-0.5986307859420776,
-0.19793470203876495,
0.7364317774772644,
-0.02284112386405468,
0.6755663752555847,
0.08273059129714966,
0.10775603353977203,
-0.1162637323141098,
-0.10288116335868835,
-0.06780789792537689,
0.724335253238678,
-0.15741503238677979,
-0.5841277837753296,
0.320780485868454,
-0.07043793797492981,
-0.35286077857017517,
-0.3898829519748688,
-0.21811823546886444,
-0.2774302065372467,
0.10590366274118423,
-0.0037735679652541876,
0.009645012207329273,
0.47937658429145813,
-0.40438222885131836,
0.12058573961257935,
0.2380184531211853,
-0.02082856558263302,
0.2921401560306549,
-0.14357280731201172,
0.6032286882400513,
0.25626426935195923,
0.14068253338336945,
0.06352271884679794,
-0.14121657609939575,
0.08313663303852081,
-0.006260276306420565,
0.24412594735622406,
0.42507246136665344,
0.49523934721946716,
-0.05967923626303673,
-0.19620777666568756,
-0.27444350719451904,
0.3684304356575012,
0.2917563319206238,
-0.14617571234703064,
-0.10806508362293243,
-0.028246333822607994,
0.18196788430213928,
0.5754020810127258,
-0.19833780825138092,
0.043733298778533936,
-0.6728777885437012,
0.04827212169766426,
1.2139720916748047,
-0.09783405065536499,
0.08226978778839111,
-0.12866146862506866,
0.2012704610824585,
0.8935375809669495,
0.19701449573040009,
-0.2772063910961151,
-0.2085898518562317,
-0.9969390034675598,
-0.04137764871120453,
0.35410305857658386,
1.0071057081222534,
0.023992419242858887,
-0.5009191632270813,
-0.23419839143753052,
-1.2644550800323486,
0.6286476254463196,
-0.534792423248291,
0.06744887679815292,
-0.16405625641345978,
-0.19878411293029785,
-0.4006781578063965,
-0.28376391530036926,
-0.25731247663497925,
-0.5499151945114136,
0.03188963234424591,
0.6297814846038818,
0.2032015472650528,
0.554918110370636,
-0.8948609232902527,
-0.37970855832099915,
0.36068934202194214,
0.0007324199541471899,
-0.0015606764936819673,
0.47808563709259033,
-0.2572360336780548,
0.39499732851982117,
-0.573620617389679,
-5.046685695648193,
0.6384694576263428,
-0.08293021470308304,
-0.7558162808418274,
0.18206436932086945,
-0.5851216316223145,
0.43960121273994446,
-0.523997962474823,
-0.010596021078526974,
-0.05559611693024635,
0.38703757524490356,
0.12156117707490921,
-0.4332807958126068,
0.8221641182899475,
0.569800615310669,
0.293317049741745,
0.8769262433052063,
-0.05310625582933426,
0.4831848442554474,
0.3527860641479492,
-0.35963985323905945,
0.008412670344114304,
-0.06558605283498764,
-0.009427976794540882,
0.844739556312561,
0.3983420133590698,
-0.4568690359592438,
-0.11826963722705841,
-0.40193912386894226,
-0.009287504479289055,
-0.07316931337118149,
0.3540339767932892,
-0.27359920740127563,
-0.4306144714355469,
0.2374350130558014,
-0.2869454324245453,
0.30315935611724854,
-0.1689612716436386,
0.6497825980186462,
-0.5538626909255981,
0.7453632354736328,
0.41482943296432495,
-0.36343806982040405,
-0.4322945773601532,
0.3287547528743744,
-0.4649609625339508,
-0.2755354046821594,
0.25826865434646606,
-0.29651352763175964,
0.9006733894348145,
0.6222034692764282,
0.3188195824623108,
0.4014856517314911,
-0.02175292558968067,
0.45660242438316345,
-0.3841802477836609,
-0.291175901889801,
0.507613480091095,
-0.925264835357666,
0.7669122815132141,
0.06131235510110855,
-0.3330230414867401,
-0.44641226530075073,
0.19553832709789276,
0.08135643601417542,
-0.21692657470703125,
0.029430514201521873,
0.07765822112560272,
0.2274431586265564,
0.1145336925983429,
-0.1726723313331604,
0.4743097424507141,
-0.8610374927520752,
-0.7292370200157166,
-0.18842801451683044,
-0.8952298164367676,
-0.3134165108203888,
-0.1635851263999939,
-0.4577780067920685,
-0.012595899403095245,
-0.4493386447429657,
-0.2901500165462494,
0.5307842493057251,
0.09395691007375717,
0.22627902030944824,
-0.17693550884723663,
-0.4008842408657074,
0.24866624176502228,
0.24906682968139648,
-0.9048567414283752,
0.7722548842430115,
-0.42078739404678345,
0.8499987721443176,
-0.266975998878479,
-0.6029903888702393,
-0.06178389862179756,
0.7253208756446838,
-0.0552869513630867,
-0.1358119249343872,
-0.32176458835601807,
0.228642538189888,
-0.14400461316108704,
-0.07389549165964127,
-0.19356900453567505,
-0.39448681473731995,
-0.7728211283683777,
-0.1739504188299179,
0.7155792713165283,
1.0417383909225464,
-0.5422126650810242,
-0.4835274815559387,
0.12242916971445084,
-0.30938732624053955,
-0.25587567687034607,
0.3441486656665802,
0.057377588003873825,
-0.5240605473518372,
-0.026936514303088188,
0.6331755518913269,
0.36295321583747864,
-0.007467594929039478,
-0.061581652611494064,
-0.19820307195186615,
0.17175744473934174,
-0.4174486994743347,
-0.3083406686782837,
-0.0273066945374012,
-0.09580861777067184,
-0.026661040261387825,
0.3696810305118561,
-0.05610259994864464,
-0.14175400137901306,
-0.0014589278725907207,
0.08158797025680542,
-0.4942970275878906,
-0.11051175743341446,
-0.1048576682806015,
-0.7741639614105225,
0.4264104664325714,
0.1888556331396103,
0.3199155330657959,
0.2987615466117859,
-0.42641985416412354,
0.878257155418396,
-0.18681521713733673,
0.45512211322784424,
0.001968023832887411,
0.09460804611444473,
-0.5250456929206848,
0.32616183161735535,
-0.47611352801322937,
-0.39032307267189026,
-0.28579309582710266,
-0.5700915455818176,
0.33765920996665955,
0.20481252670288086,
-0.17316508293151855,
0.7451043128967285,
0.1332138180732727,
-0.19310349225997925,
0.38760873675346375,
-0.49952131509780884,
-0.6149786710739136,
0.2706046402454376,
-0.10917127132415771,
-0.5415898561477661,
-0.22893063724040985,
-0.08189383149147034,
-0.35596126317977905,
0.000732094922568649,
0.8492234945297241,
-0.4772377908229828,
-0.21935342252254486,
-0.41399049758911133,
-0.0011737084714695811,
-0.2826116681098938,
-0.36935174465179443,
0.3276272416114807,
-0.20826604962348938,
-0.23858757317066193,
0.28926703333854675,
-0.5291914343833923,
-0.6334672570228577,
-0.20295350253582,
-0.23887091875076294,
-0.2417987585067749,
0.2233540564775467,
-0.5058068633079529,
0.39433783292770386,
0.15294326841831207,
-0.5202098488807678,
-0.07083775103092194,
0.009827018715441227,
0.09999429434537888,
0.047796450555324554,
-0.8391274809837341,
0.20478752255439758,
0.07267304509878159,
-0.43026891350746155,
-0.4459834694862366,
-0.3517983555793762,
0.8026280999183655,
-0.08794505894184113,
-0.09136226028203964,
-0.14417558908462524,
-0.2960866391658783,
0.6112474799156189,
0.4787091314792633,
-0.6308327317237854,
0.44181859493255615,
-0.75389164686203,
-0.4757148027420044,
0.6130492687225342,
0.9723942875862122,
0.05820919945836067,
0.3924562335014343,
0.29071760177612305,
0.47371765971183777,
-0.43503105640411377,
-0.42768141627311707,
-0.6245687007904053,
0.05289483442902565,
-0.2657935321331024,
-0.7346612215042114,
-0.19843892753124237,
0.5512330532073975,
0.28899720311164856,
-0.4397103786468506,
1.2431074380874634,
-1.0689399242401123,
0.18967139720916748,
0.1978025585412979,
-0.10298340767621994,
0.2797798812389374,
0.6087190508842468,
0.3728122115135193,
-0.24009612202644348,
-0.09663760662078857,
0.33919063210487366,
-0.30979859828948975,
0.21568231284618378,
1.7678799629211426,
-0.16483545303344727,
-0.33487147092819214,
-0.43347612023353577,
0.1210327073931694,
0.1907019317150116,
0.07812808454036713,
-1.2588375806808472,
0.5409983396530151,
0.14372308552265167,
-0.5970637798309326,
-0.48082274198532104,
-0.03834284469485283,
0.49817314743995667,
-0.792752742767334,
-0.3795894384384155,
0.8319183588027954,
-0.23976874351501465,
0.5348709225654602,
0.18434444069862366,
-0.11766483634710312,
0.2749106287956238,
0.24572309851646423,
0.337259441614151,
-0.22050951421260834,
-0.012214530259370804,
-0.29226329922676086,
-0.026901140809059143,
-0.4940476715564728,
-0.16780027747154236,
-0.48033374547958374,
-0.004647377412766218,
-0.2473895102739334,
-0.18259483575820923,
0.08622440695762634,
0.0811554417014122,
-0.40575510263442993,
-0.5375024676322937,
-0.10787393152713776,
-0.3961412310600281,
-0.23608647286891937,
0.20709159970283508,
-0.34422242641448975,
0.05485830456018448,
-0.9760044813156128,
-0.18300575017929077,
-0.14880795776844025,
-1.310178279876709,
0.20498839020729065,
-0.12568852305412292,
-0.2075849324464798,
-0.03552892431616783,
-1.2682240009307861,
0.12612248957157135,
0.5571016073226929,
0.46506282687187195,
0.6023092269897461,
-0.22240887582302094,
0.4887811541557312,
-0.677878201007843,
0.5308387875556946,
-0.32276275753974915,
-1.2257037162780762,
0.08026123046875,
-0.3736468255519867,
-0.6031474471092224,
-0.5218188166618347,
0.47420674562454224,
0.3386584222316742,
0.20386193692684174,
0.224084734916687,
0.14990387856960297,
0.5812022089958191,
-0.828656792640686,
0.6461409330368042,
0.18473482131958008,
-0.6692426800727844,
-0.6238871812820435,
0.4087670147418976,
-0.700774073600769,
-0.22253747284412384,
0.751602292060852,
0.4988916516304016,
-0.2115122675895691,
1.0970261096954346,
-0.21396958827972412,
0.47783392667770386,
-0.013590621761977673,
0.3961676061153412,
-0.14384885132312775,
-0.6806626319885254,
-0.8166804313659668,
0.18229833245277405,
-1.0068775415420532,
-0.5383777618408203,
0.3474288284778595,
-0.8291820883750916,
-0.591292142868042,
0.04622860997915268,
0.1815231293439865,
0.3133810758590698,
0.1014438048005104,
0.3998878002166748,
0.38543644547462463,
-0.39863935112953186,
-0.046860843896865845,
-0.1620064079761505,
0.008975228294730186,
-0.5083041787147522,
0.11445347219705582,
-0.47664564847946167,
-0.2513376772403717,
-0.28794118762016296,
-0.3358622193336487,
0.03259807452559471,
0.20025597512722015,
-0.4545747637748718,
-0.5240808725357056,
0.01490635797381401,
-0.2815025746822357,
-1.1701581478118896,
0.6906043887138367,
0.13995181024074554,
0.06456541270017624,
-0.22278261184692383,
0.8584225177764893,
-0.20386812090873718,
-0.4967559576034546,
0.5966386198997498,
0.408226877450943,
0.793438732624054,
0.3560878038406372,
0.5893895626068115,
0.36814576387405396,
0.8829419612884521,
0.10429747402667999,
0.5881057977676392,
-0.11720585823059082,
-0.11419590562582016,
-0.4995464086532593,
0.2622685730457306,
0.07801424711942673,
-0.07744958251714706,
-0.3149591386318207,
-0.42309707403182983,
-0.07664360105991364,
0.01095378864556551,
0.020021682605147362,
-0.48397839069366455,
0.19319210946559906,
0.09151468425989151,
0.08821560442447662,
-0.22284509241580963,
0.22934818267822266,
-0.15547892451286316,
0.3671133518218994,
0.6212188601493835,
0.7205871939659119,
0.32676029205322266,
0.547120988368988,
-0.0016910670092329383,
0.31709107756614685,
-0.2794150412082672,
0.9069234132766724,
0.33454811573028564,
-0.20056289434432983,
0.27676084637641907,
-0.5314711928367615,
0.2515712380409241,
-0.3910923898220062,
0.04532834514975548,
-0.11447174847126007,
0.5211018919944763,
0.03742193803191185,
-0.27999424934387207,
0.6265696883201599,
-0.24264466762542725,
-0.44575878977775574,
-0.5199373364448547,
0.06715673208236694,
-0.710589587688446,
0.5666441321372986,
0.48610585927963257,
-0.09838002175092697,
-0.6295009255409241,
-0.2956240177154541,
0.07094200700521469,
-0.9507726430892944,
0.5369352102279663,
-0.15770471096038818,
-0.652406632900238,
-0.6271494626998901,
0.11594424396753311,
-0.43799009919166565,
-0.7389854788780212,
-0.3820199966430664,
1.264692783355713,
0.033638350665569305,
-0.3345295488834381,
-0.33444252610206604,
-0.17244422435760498,
-0.16003046929836273,
0.08835865557193756,
0.8064397573471069,
0.7549660205841064,
-1.2368323802947998,
-0.5787587761878967,
-0.8734134435653687,
0.41150060296058655,
0.03866994008421898,
-0.14861448109149933,
0.22240890562534332,
-0.012661515735089779,
-0.14701636135578156,
0.13011237978935242,
0.8305359482765198,
-0.34812605381011963,
0.8967710733413696,
0.13453221321105957
]
|
123414 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havre%20North%2C%20Montana | Havre North, Montana | Havre North is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States. The population was 716 at the 2010 census, down from 973 in 2000.
Geography
Havre North is located at (48.556871, -109.665936), along the north side of the city of Havre, the Hill County seat. The Milk River, a tributary of the Missouri River, flows through the CDP from west to east.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 973 people, 422 households, and 259 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 289.7 people per square mile (111.8/km2). There were 474 housing units at an average density of 141.1/sq mi (54.5/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 88.18% White, 0.10% African American, 8.53% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.41% from other races, and 2.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.72% of the population.
There were 422 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.4% were married couples living together, 15.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.6% were non-families. 32.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.89.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 25.5% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.4 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $20,888, and the median income for a family was $25,625. Males had a median income of $21,250 versus $17,277 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $10,921. About 18.8% of families and 23.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.6% of those under age 18 and 2.2% of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Montana
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana | [
0.11834349483251572,
0.4867294132709503,
0.692268967628479,
-0.26346278190612793,
0.2148188203573227,
0.008558087050914764,
0.6058076024055481,
0.38015416264533997,
0.008782854303717613,
-0.10623820871114731,
-0.3116396963596344,
-0.08393584191799164,
-0.7402239441871643,
0.47758960723876953,
-0.49891597032546997,
0.6803534030914307,
0.053282544016838074,
0.8799301385879517,
0.6981123089790344,
-0.30126163363456726,
-0.2898605167865753,
-0.7509805560112,
0.11416956782341003,
0.420234739780426,
0.038752973079681396,
0.3227734863758087,
0.38552796840667725,
0.08036046475172043,
-0.2610425353050232,
0.1563713103532791,
-0.028044890612363815,
0.5097866058349609,
-0.835715651512146,
-0.09762236475944519,
-0.4017532467842102,
0.11121028661727905,
0.5366567969322205,
0.21773312985897064,
0.04442823678255081,
-0.055980466306209564,
-0.2450404167175293,
-0.7477221488952637,
0.08327548950910568,
-0.06601062417030334,
0.23344984650611877,
-0.6241963505744934,
-1.2192695140838623,
0.2551865875720978,
-1.0751522779464722,
-0.43025392293930054,
-1.021140694618225,
-0.32372716069221497,
-0.5190308690071106,
0.19593076407909393,
0.5768778324127197,
0.5167198181152344,
-0.44965606927871704,
-0.07511265575885773,
0.3983827233314514,
-0.31484317779541016,
-0.2576213479042053,
0.5556677579879761,
0.3205840587615967,
-0.06407713890075684,
0.2472185492515564,
-0.18599149584770203,
-0.030496884137392044,
0.4936954975128174,
0.3266950249671936,
-0.8546985983848572,
0.07464361935853958,
0.33950331807136536,
-0.07052507996559143,
0.48220589756965637,
0.5644772052764893,
0.829713761806488,
-0.5183742642402649,
-0.34335193037986755,
-0.009913509711623192,
0.043028414249420166,
0.5643467307090759,
-0.012356477789580822,
0.5229272246360779,
0.3092758059501648,
0.19917160272598267,
0.35622045397758484,
-0.6328827142715454,
-0.061612196266651154,
0.08527958393096924,
0.5828747153282166,
-0.3708876371383667,
-0.27395063638687134,
0.17942772805690765,
0.06144953519105911,
0.22280830144882202,
-0.11323821544647217,
-0.03373122960329056,
0.7127612829208374,
-0.21071940660476685,
0.13309067487716675,
-0.393128901720047,
0.21183286607265472,
1.0788887739181519,
-0.4881604015827179,
-0.8450847864151001,
-0.7962551116943359,
-0.8014331459999084,
-0.049737121909856796,
0.27490460872650146,
-0.24313613772392273,
-0.5784150958061218,
0.5339844822883606,
0.09353390336036682,
0.18708954751491547,
-0.13011442124843597,
0.32729974389076233,
-0.2717348337173462,
-0.5129852294921875,
-0.09903950244188309,
-0.47371694445610046,
0.38654717803001404,
0.6705781817436218,
-0.5722870230674744,
0.06147802621126175,
-0.27491462230682373,
0.630664050579071,
0.2547578811645508,
-0.0824710950255394,
0.0820966586470604,
-0.07535294443368912,
-0.5262150764465332,
0.5269992351531982,
-0.27565446496009827,
0.9381057024002075,
-0.24701978266239166,
-0.2382926046848297,
-0.19728276133537292,
-0.25246915221214294,
0.37836554646492004,
-0.21306756138801575,
-0.8987555503845215,
0.07444895058870316,
0.1394767165184021,
0.00508999265730381,
0.21601426601409912,
0.036507681012153625,
-0.08829841762781143,
-0.6177138686180115,
-0.0675530731678009,
0.07853246480226517,
0.15635326504707336,
0.36814436316490173,
0.595737099647522,
0.3105549216270447,
-0.12061985582113266,
0.16629359126091003,
1.0580345392227173,
0.6568275690078735,
0.4566887319087982,
0.4622224271297455,
0.13271041214466095,
1.4864076375961304,
0.954524040222168,
0.5048908591270447,
1.0246434211730957,
-0.45166319608688354,
0.4223563075065613,
-0.3639734983444214,
0.19614435732364655,
0.2699173390865326,
-0.09783163666725159,
0.068928062915802,
0.8688828349113464,
0.03492339700460434,
-0.11829736828804016,
-0.6216086149215698,
0.7061307430267334,
0.6912682056427002,
-0.11760099977254868,
-0.518444299697876,
-0.8034564852714539,
0.5790129899978638,
0.4718177020549774,
0.054174698889255524,
0.14050187170505524,
0.4027353823184967,
0.22406670451164246,
-0.10246200859546661,
-0.6920347809791565,
-1.2035752534866333,
-0.34751102328300476,
-0.8473876118659973,
0.9612715244293213,
-0.5810806155204773,
0.6813051104545593,
-0.11653517186641693,
-0.11854536086320877,
0.7141020894050598,
-0.6156356930732727,
0.58400559425354,
-0.3061463236808777,
-0.4275946617126465,
0.9235888123512268,
-0.40748944878578186,
-0.07728886604309082,
0.5796149373054504,
0.030509747564792633,
0.2822165787220001,
0.4247159957885742,
0.8537449836730957,
0.2805864214897156,
-0.553753137588501,
0.003230130998417735,
1.311078667640686,
-0.9495940208435059,
-0.13864822685718536,
-0.41021275520324707,
0.205171138048172,
0.5551058053970337,
-0.16902397572994232,
0.5957430005073547,
-0.08147254586219788,
0.12308093905448914,
-0.29181739687919617,
-0.22273243963718414,
0.31029367446899414,
0.842927098274231,
0.019651053473353386,
-0.41797107458114624,
0.3704637885093689,
0.49934840202331543,
0.1106339544057846,
-0.0835387334227562,
0.1211932823061943,
-0.23327387869358063,
-0.08485181629657745,
-0.08151834458112717,
-0.04007924348115921,
0.2491694688796997,
-0.6195970177650452,
-0.08653923124074936,
0.3051535487174988,
-0.18832960724830627,
0.3828279376029968,
-0.0316491536796093,
0.7954899668693542,
0.2019185870885849,
0.2679184079170227,
0.043167371302843094,
-0.30314940214157104,
0.18698550760746002,
0.11326491087675095,
0.2179015874862671,
0.012674408964812756,
0.30616697669029236,
0.32110652327537537,
-0.4227740466594696,
-0.18155114352703094,
0.17017357051372528,
0.05547076836228371,
0.19591203331947327,
0.09569001197814941,
-0.1451932042837143,
-0.003037766320630908,
0.5145015716552734,
-0.9540197849273682,
-0.08437357097864151,
-0.5339856147766113,
0.06278771907091141,
0.8807463645935059,
0.06572261452674866,
-0.2381739616394043,
-0.22235360741615295,
0.30630794167518616,
0.3776701092720032,
0.3826074004173279,
-0.2958880662918091,
-0.296181321144104,
-0.8720703721046448,
-0.09033702313899994,
0.33908793330192566,
0.8683492541313171,
-0.182520791888237,
-0.2761104106903076,
0.021982545033097267,
-1.051713228225708,
0.4160439968109131,
-0.4891476631164551,
-0.14207325875759125,
-0.3540456295013428,
-0.08725813031196594,
-0.15826144814491272,
-0.14239612221717834,
-0.12580722570419312,
-0.3624716103076935,
0.03739119693636894,
0.4332433044910431,
0.09711924940347672,
0.5907053351402283,
-0.5157851576805115,
-0.5527634024620056,
0.37730079889297485,
-0.4895591735839844,
0.23650537431240082,
0.09073265641927719,
-0.08240536600351334,
0.36205244064331055,
-0.3378070592880249,
-4.672382831573486,
0.8442212343215942,
-0.33968254923820496,
-0.5172821283340454,
0.1658397614955902,
-0.5734578371047974,
0.5421919226646423,
-0.44665583968162537,
-0.018771037459373474,
0.3532388508319855,
-0.18667128682136536,
-0.38430482149124146,
-0.3007400333881378,
0.9536120295524597,
0.9137479662895203,
0.15014465153217316,
0.8865323066711426,
-0.01459086686372757,
0.6141008734703064,
0.10972055792808533,
-0.28713658452033997,
0.1392192244529724,
-0.10971749573945999,
-0.03895321860909462,
0.8297892808914185,
0.8363341689109802,
-0.2794172167778015,
0.07300448417663574,
-0.8034079074859619,
-0.051971424371004105,
0.20714879035949707,
0.18364179134368896,
-0.5064300894737244,
-0.6082184314727783,
-0.13659785687923431,
-0.38249802589416504,
0.10703592747449875,
-0.21245956420898438,
0.4380562901496887,
-0.5286917090415955,
0.7967793941497803,
0.5913910865783691,
-0.3626764714717865,
-0.4741981029510498,
0.6400100588798523,
-0.41100525856018066,
-0.3521003723144531,
-0.021774141117930412,
0.25623878836631775,
0.7057669758796692,
0.3617091476917267,
0.411175012588501,
0.7004874348640442,
0.038339924067258835,
0.3372286558151245,
-0.6016969680786133,
-0.28041210770606995,
-0.08848068118095398,
-1.1431565284729004,
0.5421261787414551,
0.35343074798583984,
-0.36575692892074585,
-0.21007360517978668,
-0.2719844579696655,
-0.021865185350179672,
-0.6612938642501831,
0.1796453297138214,
0.26584258675575256,
0.39678916335105896,
-0.12104278802871704,
-0.16288535296916962,
0.6123252511024475,
-0.5776332020759583,
-0.7260556817054749,
-0.01768805831670761,
-0.9527560472488403,
-0.30702927708625793,
0.13787592947483063,
-0.7145318388938904,
-0.3358186185359955,
-0.45439937710762024,
0.04074897617101669,
0.27169162034988403,
0.6978548169136047,
0.6793997883796692,
-0.46438416838645935,
-0.014624884352087975,
0.07616691291332245,
0.18769772350788116,
-0.801559329032898,
0.9692240953445435,
-0.33880120515823364,
0.547683596611023,
-0.2332916259765625,
-0.590242862701416,
-0.026340940967202187,
0.5984150767326355,
-0.015412982553243637,
-0.03400508686900139,
-0.5194135308265686,
0.4461590647697449,
-0.18981288373470306,
0.18164904415607452,
-0.1648690551519394,
-0.3277744948863983,
-0.9907686710357666,
0.22378379106521606,
0.48223772644996643,
0.6228140592575073,
-0.6935174465179443,
-0.20788788795471191,
0.17593072354793549,
-0.20703169703483582,
0.21914874017238617,
0.09845911711454391,
0.024514932185411453,
-0.5177048444747925,
0.2879139184951782,
0.6104439496994019,
0.23826587200164795,
0.24476730823516846,
-0.6709244251251221,
-0.42366328835487366,
0.04185187444090843,
-0.45288994908332825,
-0.4224286377429962,
0.2173319309949875,
-0.0965120866894722,
-0.5821605920791626,
0.3620451092720032,
-0.10056100785732269,
-0.029133265838027,
-0.062301985919475555,
-0.02339254692196846,
-0.09522649645805359,
-0.10522811114788055,
-0.22876696288585663,
-0.5463328957557678,
0.2447810024023056,
0.327490895986557,
0.16680461168289185,
0.48370665311813354,
-0.7030445337295532,
1.1368004083633423,
-0.42758214473724365,
0.6081835627555847,
0.06825557351112366,
0.13392867147922516,
-0.8688135147094727,
0.22469240427017212,
-0.5854964852333069,
-0.47255033254623413,
-0.15303587913513184,
-0.5995588898658752,
0.5979489684104919,
0.02743721567094326,
-0.04422667250037193,
0.8443524241447449,
0.04365229234099388,
-0.4394996762275696,
0.22890077531337738,
-0.1657373309135437,
-0.5992342233657837,
0.696635365486145,
-0.013773207552731037,
-0.6714608669281006,
-0.5179769396781921,
-0.04913267865777016,
-0.4008345305919647,
0.3376140594482422,
0.7813657522201538,
-0.5464728474617004,
0.07128316164016724,
-0.6024001240730286,
0.030341340228915215,
-0.28069111704826355,
-0.48193955421447754,
0.1699235886335373,
-0.06322409957647324,
-0.0732462927699089,
0.12541517615318298,
-0.32363513112068176,
-0.509823739528656,
-0.36806878447532654,
0.15506988763809204,
0.15487655997276306,
-0.19761396944522858,
-0.4737486243247986,
0.12843887507915497,
0.20717500150203705,
-0.2646614611148834,
-0.11662683635950089,
0.08110392093658447,
0.0830269306898117,
-0.021765662357211113,
-1.1725399494171143,
0.09870468080043793,
0.3316633999347687,
-0.3799121081829071,
-0.45996326208114624,
-0.10002890229225159,
0.8118858933448792,
-0.003941523376852274,
0.28009602427482605,
-0.2960333824157715,
-0.5585232377052307,
0.6168978214263916,
0.6479833722114563,
-0.6240344047546387,
0.7067002058029175,
-0.6190546154975891,
-0.9085401296615601,
0.854720950126648,
0.6762040257453918,
0.16065111756324768,
0.31454333662986755,
0.12851619720458984,
0.41156360507011414,
-0.2658819258213043,
-0.11952423304319382,
-0.4328587055206299,
0.20028375089168549,
-0.37413060665130615,
-0.7973186373710632,
-0.4201820194721222,
0.23392148315906525,
0.5353131294250488,
-0.32585230469703674,
0.9985014200210571,
-1.088865041732788,
0.5036099553108215,
0.23259790241718292,
0.005000505596399307,
0.2980386018753052,
0.5918178558349609,
0.3989448547363281,
-0.4476800858974457,
-0.15246090292930603,
0.49020397663116455,
0.02360612526535988,
0.3000498414039612,
1.3755731582641602,
0.19406938552856445,
-0.7060257792472839,
-0.6176369190216064,
-0.06769299507141113,
0.5645824074745178,
0.06281459331512451,
-1.1950147151947021,
0.6265164613723755,
0.6740405559539795,
-0.4335671067237854,
-0.6838158965110779,
-0.21236605942249298,
1.1196717023849487,
-0.836179792881012,
-0.35367265343666077,
0.8251787424087524,
-0.43171820044517517,
0.6003823280334473,
0.1932511180639267,
-0.22271734476089478,
0.0822426825761795,
0.1786067634820938,
0.6716183423995972,
-0.06947790086269379,
-0.052273351699113846,
-0.4242417812347412,
0.05058573558926582,
-0.672122597694397,
-0.5075832605361938,
-0.19042104482650757,
0.40438124537467957,
0.032144542783498764,
-0.45263993740081787,
-0.3161085844039917,
0.3128293454647064,
-0.6915209293365479,
-0.688793957233429,
-0.3243618905544281,
-0.7784925103187561,
-0.6014819145202637,
0.33211806416511536,
-0.2211272269487381,
-0.4365353584289551,
-1.4627219438552856,
-0.2489824891090393,
0.027346652001142502,
-1.2599613666534424,
0.4577495753765106,
-0.5674700736999512,
0.27743780612945557,
-0.2941281795501709,
-1.4570019245147705,
0.020054200664162636,
0.5708592534065247,
0.19182471930980682,
0.5369080901145935,
-0.1337967813014984,
0.1659727543592453,
-0.9013088345527649,
0.7588186264038086,
-0.46162089705467224,
-1.0353035926818848,
0.15435345470905304,
-0.17667320370674133,
-0.2881767749786377,
-0.7006910443305969,
0.6008362174034119,
0.6517560482025146,
0.2760744094848633,
0.3692941665649414,
0.13190849125385284,
0.6485559344291687,
-0.42457279562950134,
0.5529575347900391,
0.447633296251297,
-0.5535266399383545,
-0.424979567527771,
0.5229921340942383,
-0.543673038482666,
0.22623859345912933,
0.7857005596160889,
0.5291391611099243,
-0.2854977548122406,
1.13349449634552,
-0.3482751250267029,
0.6910866498947144,
-0.25182434916496277,
0.3582884669303894,
-0.46257156133651733,
-1.0080841779708862,
-0.5491392016410828,
0.29636505246162415,
-0.9548414349555969,
-0.297563761472702,
0.06609273701906204,
-0.7687260508537292,
-0.46987712383270264,
0.07898994535207748,
-0.22165487706661224,
0.22318869829177856,
0.22179019451141357,
-0.1456061750650406,
0.31849411129951477,
-0.3938297927379608,
-0.4544554352760315,
-0.0828574150800705,
0.20844687521457672,
-0.3542068600654602,
0.059018854051828384,
-0.620923638343811,
-0.49610623717308044,
-0.8488537669181824,
-0.6410536766052246,
0.20736578106880188,
0.10212253779172897,
-0.506531834602356,
-0.6528200507164001,
0.34223195910453796,
-0.3458215892314911,
-1.2084522247314453,
0.7852295637130737,
0.09822731465101242,
-0.05625292658805847,
-0.5218057632446289,
1.0713307857513428,
-0.5690634250640869,
-0.10045444965362549,
0.9256525039672852,
0.432282418012619,
0.4483410120010376,
0.29596078395843506,
0.7778379917144775,
0.11371806263923645,
0.4968537986278534,
0.5153840780258179,
0.4620327651500702,
-0.2815439701080322,
-0.06590858846902847,
-0.6030234694480896,
0.5077361464500427,
-0.06963241100311279,
-0.18468992412090302,
-0.2918468117713928,
-0.9541332721710205,
-0.23288485407829285,
-0.07518583536148071,
0.14167287945747375,
-0.4477069675922394,
0.26261863112449646,
-0.1113223135471344,
0.07427117228507996,
-0.1847187727689743,
-0.15320244431495667,
-0.0435304120182991,
0.3156352639198303,
0.397010862827301,
0.7174473404884338,
0.05357884615659714,
0.2828579843044281,
0.20307014882564545,
0.6032640933990479,
-0.2670830488204956,
0.6958449482917786,
0.4817877411842346,
-0.4640781283378601,
0.6022329330444336,
-0.08962827175855637,
0.2965044677257538,
-0.23349621891975403,
0.6326630711555481,
-0.25667059421539307,
0.5786377787590027,
-0.014458613470196724,
-0.22721661627292633,
0.589557409286499,
-0.2781119644641876,
-0.3199623227119446,
-0.3600156605243683,
-0.2495158463716507,
-0.43971800804138184,
0.6308269500732422,
0.2868596017360687,
-0.18786369264125824,
-0.6123998761177063,
-0.37831759452819824,
0.019132107496261597,
-0.9583157896995544,
0.640121340751648,
0.22836503386497498,
-0.7896735072135925,
-0.6891299486160278,
-0.06627952307462692,
-0.4170767366886139,
-0.9569859504699707,
-0.3471473455429077,
0.8932009935379028,
0.31139031052589417,
-0.3870559632778168,
-0.320782333612442,
-0.042916666716337204,
0.009264307096600533,
0.13076578080654144,
1.0739552974700928,
0.7652192711830139,
-1.0716410875320435,
-0.9275996088981628,
-0.9219958186149597,
0.367262601852417,
-0.24030423164367676,
0.054280735552310944,
0.20762380957603455,
-0.03311995416879654,
-0.1464671939611435,
-0.091393381357193,
0.44105949997901917,
-0.42474400997161865,
0.8289723992347717,
0.23093996942043304
]
|
123415 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herron%2C%20Montana | Herron, Montana | Herron is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States. The population was 43 at the 2010 census.
Geography
Herron is located in eastern Hill County at (48.514344, -109.788942). It is bordered to the east by West Havre and to the west by Beaver Creek. U.S. Route 2 forms the northern border of the CDP, running east to the center of Havre, the county seat, and west to Gildford. U.S. Route 87 forms the eastern and southeastern borders of the CDP and terminates at US 2. To the south US 87 leads to Box Elder.
The Havre City–County Airport is in the northern part of Herron.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Herron CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 100 people, 43 households, and 34 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 21.4 people per square mile (8.3/km2). There were 48 housing units at an average density of 10.3/sq mi (4.0/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.00% White, 3.00% Native American, and 2.00% from two or more races.
There were 43 households, out of which 23.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.1% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.9% were non-families. 16.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.56.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 17.0% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 22.0% from 25 to 44, 36.0% from 45 to 64, and 19.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 118.4 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $37,727, and the median income for a family was $26,250. Males had a median income of $33,125 versus $32,917 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $11,779. None of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line.
References
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.15536381304264069,
0.6755449771881104,
0.3918943405151367,
0.04246623441576958,
0.2708747088909149,
0.36763957142829895,
0.9282992482185364,
0.5226863622665405,
-0.009154499508440495,
0.08386926352977753,
-0.174385204911232,
0.06174541264772415,
-0.6222543716430664,
0.5648139715194702,
-0.8568246960639954,
0.5289345383644104,
0.2882225513458252,
0.8832806348800659,
0.4842433035373688,
-0.2542702257633209,
0.08278092741966248,
-0.895297646522522,
0.4150463938713074,
0.6167030930519104,
0.17027246952056885,
0.37562739849090576,
0.14243458211421967,
0.2931737005710602,
-0.12982913851737976,
0.5763027667999268,
0.2135826200246811,
0.490657776594162,
-0.025180498138070107,
-0.5501595735549927,
-0.14903195202350616,
-0.14903293550014496,
0.4808988869190216,
-0.1925760954618454,
0.17196743190288544,
-0.3238968849182129,
0.040898874402046204,
-0.11115767806768417,
0.21305152773857117,
-0.36740541458129883,
0.15572331845760345,
-0.17914985120296478,
-1.6478981971740723,
0.6491755247116089,
-0.8286314606666565,
-0.1451614797115326,
-1.1678370237350464,
-0.13966698944568634,
0.0694393441081047,
0.09230777621269226,
0.4172748029232025,
0.878835141658783,
-0.6056762933731079,
-0.0946631208062172,
0.34740206599235535,
0.034495268017053604,
-0.3732057809829712,
0.11634434759616852,
0.6571815013885498,
0.08233688771724701,
-0.2064090073108673,
0.18689627945423126,
-0.07109767198562622,
0.029456226155161858,
0.2589789628982544,
-0.76422518491745,
0.18867775797843933,
-0.24819059669971466,
-0.4847941994667053,
0.695179283618927,
0.5265951156616211,
0.5240257978439331,
-1.1090519428253174,
-0.2297816425561905,
-0.2846633791923523,
0.2858690619468689,
0.307252436876297,
0.13675087690353394,
0.08530553430318832,
-0.45816633105278015,
0.13018067181110382,
0.12866747379302979,
-0.6256860494613647,
0.029109692201018333,
0.42673027515411377,
0.7726600170135498,
-0.43429845571517944,
-0.13802723586559296,
-0.3198849856853485,
-0.16976311802864075,
-0.11382719874382019,
-0.6159375905990601,
-0.27420639991760254,
0.20924994349479675,
-0.8306483030319214,
0.4561671316623688,
0.027783218771219254,
0.1933625340461731,
1.0182268619537354,
-0.30528730154037476,
-0.6548022627830505,
-0.4823168218135834,
-0.6713898777961731,
0.053890906274318695,
0.2862553596496582,
-0.03549719229340553,
-0.712684690952301,
0.5905570983886719,
0.1819460093975067,
-0.3830043375492096,
-0.36532270908355713,
0.26689696311950684,
0.2886396646499634,
-0.6136621236801147,
0.0670887902379036,
-0.30775439739227295,
0.31426340341567993,
0.5450515747070312,
-0.05624598264694214,
0.1924372911453247,
-0.517503559589386,
0.1978548914194107,
0.28786948323249817,
-0.32012659311294556,
0.024359673261642456,
-0.030296405777335167,
-0.44801294803619385,
0.3283165395259857,
0.27493730187416077,
0.21778960525989532,
-0.013455460779368877,
-0.8344436883926392,
-0.16143417358398438,
-0.495485782623291,
-0.11727234721183777,
0.39705049991607666,
-0.3069763779640198,
0.02886192686855793,
-0.39461779594421387,
-0.22063231468200684,
0.7007908225059509,
-0.5481629371643066,
0.0006092391558922827,
-1.1390153169631958,
0.03386378660798073,
-0.16064423322677612,
-0.1441771388053894,
0.43650954961776733,
0.20308713614940643,
0.3754873275756836,
0.41861677169799805,
0.08675221353769302,
0.7716470956802368,
0.33051350712776184,
0.7223379611968994,
0.12928710877895355,
-0.07614140212535858,
0.926265299320221,
0.590196967124939,
0.20081360638141632,
0.567825436592102,
-0.234738290309906,
0.5769352316856384,
-0.04389321804046631,
-0.08639992773532867,
0.4303741753101349,
-0.04729060083627701,
0.30361515283584595,
0.6518808007240295,
0.008178753778338432,
0.2922147214412689,
-0.8481681942939758,
0.6172912120819092,
0.4156954884529114,
0.01753806695342064,
0.010243757627904415,
-0.6858655214309692,
0.40172624588012695,
0.06422385573387146,
0.21046127378940582,
-0.30611464381217957,
-0.050611525774002075,
0.20519213378429413,
-0.2325296401977539,
-0.49402183294296265,
-0.423350989818573,
-0.6481690406799316,
-1.2040777206420898,
0.400978684425354,
-0.5230770111083984,
0.2010350227355957,
0.39035850763320923,
-0.009999342262744904,
0.7017852067947388,
-0.36922743916511536,
0.06488238275051117,
-0.5013854503631592,
-0.2670595943927765,
0.6635779738426208,
-0.3379674553871155,
-0.2787475883960724,
-0.17820686101913452,
0.24361956119537354,
0.35464614629745483,
-0.018494833260774612,
0.9560226202011108,
0.3792194128036499,
-0.37323179841041565,
-0.14051762223243713,
0.8641790747642517,
-1.1314562559127808,
0.2223944514989853,
-0.25600218772888184,
-0.19751110672950745,
0.6192134618759155,
-0.03199257329106331,
0.6554744243621826,
0.3212238848209381,
0.18152084946632385,
-0.2772737443447113,
-0.19819122552871704,
0.3244820535182953,
0.890845537185669,
0.33840611577033997,
-0.07845532149076462,
0.11549552530050278,
0.3864772319793701,
0.0079408073797822,
0.3752017617225647,
-0.3123447895050049,
-0.04098974168300629,
0.036367267370224,
-0.12745003402233124,
-0.11863207817077637,
0.4112217128276825,
-0.6863210797309875,
0.21785929799079895,
0.09095823764801025,
-0.06558457762002945,
0.46252286434173584,
0.7614439129829407,
0.7560480237007141,
-0.09937974065542221,
0.10397298634052277,
0.2192881554365158,
-0.31059348583221436,
0.07840323448181152,
-0.12634198367595673,
-0.06880732625722885,
-0.185121551156044,
0.046592697501182556,
0.13616138696670532,
-0.2612437307834625,
0.21591846644878387,
0.143156960606575,
0.24393410980701447,
0.07044452428817749,
0.07563021779060364,
-0.22073069214820862,
-0.04429479315876961,
0.5847621560096741,
-0.8800375461578369,
-0.2922692596912384,
-0.8682405352592468,
-0.4706974923610687,
0.9245513081550598,
0.04603792726993561,
-0.1619989275932312,
-0.22165335714817047,
0.14957360923290253,
0.7135496139526367,
0.27083179354667664,
-0.6053321361541748,
-0.3711058497428894,
-1.2625497579574585,
0.049668654799461365,
0.5116944909095764,
0.616518497467041,
-0.06298992037773132,
-0.37611642479896545,
-0.44784069061279297,
-0.712587296962738,
0.7949934005737305,
-0.41915544867515564,
-0.5043060779571533,
-0.21541181206703186,
0.15997867286205292,
-0.16623811423778534,
-0.4109613001346588,
0.4813095033168793,
-0.58891761302948,
-0.11211428791284561,
0.17830035090446472,
0.030005723237991333,
0.7335443496704102,
-0.9475918412208557,
-0.23008893430233002,
0.49854469299316406,
-0.6558645367622375,
-0.23882029950618744,
0.1124558374285698,
-0.41418519616127014,
0.4637834131717682,
-0.7746139168739319,
-5.006887912750244,
0.7796057462692261,
-0.40657222270965576,
-0.6950399875640869,
0.4898222088813782,
-0.15573562681674957,
0.06035272777080536,
-0.29931604862213135,
-0.2286115288734436,
0.3255474865436554,
-0.09505220502614975,
-0.48308512568473816,
0.29010114073753357,
0.5358812808990479,
0.7864428758621216,
0.32687750458717346,
0.32850828766822815,
-0.18250539898872375,
0.4675254821777344,
0.21342402696609497,
-0.3142872154712677,
0.22602848708629608,
-0.040255263447761536,
0.11019984632730484,
1.0744104385375977,
0.19845911860466003,
-0.20503446459770203,
-0.4593695104122162,
-0.8199312090873718,
0.2668817937374115,
-0.152016744017601,
0.4658620357513428,
-0.8777790665626526,
-0.02419253997504711,
-0.27215275168418884,
-0.3080575168132782,
0.3589959144592285,
-0.6153691411018372,
0.3765506446361542,
-0.5423135161399841,
0.20452368259429932,
0.3761768639087677,
-0.43009310960769653,
-0.5765274167060852,
0.5822249054908752,
-0.08233458548784256,
-0.13332204520702362,
-0.28614434599876404,
-0.04454899951815605,
0.4146603047847748,
0.5761902332305908,
0.04621115326881409,
0.8522046804428101,
-0.05151000991463661,
-0.0013415795983746648,
-0.28461894392967224,
0.21959416568279266,
0.15644964575767517,
-0.32350751757621765,
0.48161375522613525,
-0.13398869335651398,
-0.8206680417060852,
0.2585132122039795,
0.12532003223896027,
-0.14791499078273773,
-0.31222274899482727,
0.2833958864212036,
-0.2649584710597992,
0.606544554233551,
-0.022316278889775276,
0.06165410205721855,
0.5833725929260254,
-0.742132306098938,
-0.7373276948928833,
-0.006715085823088884,
-0.8225610852241516,
-0.44956424832344055,
0.25689953565597534,
-1.0682055950164795,
0.028276409953832626,
-0.44064635038375854,
-0.20559169352054596,
0.3542215824127197,
0.606573224067688,
0.7513006925582886,
-0.24621623754501343,
-0.2777961790561676,
0.061924804002046585,
0.3476080298423767,
-0.6305141448974609,
0.6724496483802795,
-0.2253156453371048,
0.804288923740387,
-0.6459527015686035,
-0.32221534848213196,
0.1915636956691742,
0.6073030233383179,
-0.02395949512720108,
-0.09541071206331253,
-0.11021796613931656,
0.3679059147834778,
-0.1884468048810959,
0.04244745895266533,
-0.11020886898040771,
0.04878050461411476,
-0.5114918947219849,
-0.06841292232275009,
0.779504656791687,
0.47016993165016174,
-0.6471954584121704,
-0.2451740950345993,
-0.0004607149166986346,
-0.18179650604724884,
0.05068871006369591,
-0.13775429129600525,
0.1976274698972702,
0.035490553826093674,
0.11689521372318268,
0.939303994178772,
0.26086336374282837,
-0.4001026153564453,
-0.032549746334552765,
-0.30628010630607605,
0.12682481110095978,
0.0896763876080513,
-0.5199499726295471,
0.5071027278900146,
0.079002246260643,
0.42280763387680054,
0.3096117079257965,
-0.4306880235671997,
0.1513485163450241,
-0.09864819049835205,
-0.3230662941932678,
-0.6087318658828735,
0.2577782869338989,
-0.4973054528236389,
-0.7260532379150391,
0.20903833210468292,
0.24031750857830048,
0.5319907665252686,
0.37769338488578796,
-0.4241919219493866,
0.6429789662361145,
-0.1827620416879654,
0.45574718713760376,
0.338324636220932,
-0.2586841881275177,
-0.8906471729278564,
0.3115094304084778,
-0.27994561195373535,
-0.2679789066314697,
-0.12037178874015808,
-0.4825276732444763,
0.2682580053806305,
-0.20744016766548157,
-0.08991485089063644,
0.5200766921043396,
-0.05258898064494133,
-0.37365227937698364,
0.6517925262451172,
-0.13928578794002533,
-0.7519450187683105,
0.2831105887889862,
0.0759134367108345,
-0.42056795954704285,
-0.33676862716674805,
-0.11092495173215866,
-0.6515805125236511,
0.4654364585876465,
0.5969290733337402,
-0.6451014876365662,
0.10155210644006729,
0.140705868601799,
0.29121360182762146,
-0.20541970431804657,
-0.2653087079524994,
0.30021417140960693,
0.17795060575008392,
0.07838378101587296,
0.1867794692516327,
-0.42429471015930176,
-0.4021286070346832,
-0.17340269684791565,
0.15263839066028595,
-0.4089091420173645,
0.054014548659324646,
-0.6052865982055664,
0.12088838964700699,
0.0361238457262516,
0.29170405864715576,
-0.2687787413597107,
0.0672113224864006,
-0.006150428671389818,
0.06691017746925354,
-0.6921163201332092,
0.252789169549942,
0.041202362626791,
0.10404125601053238,
-0.4869737923145294,
-0.0479494147002697,
0.7100059986114502,
-0.3851771354675293,
0.17724579572677612,
-0.17447622120380402,
-0.5413283109664917,
0.25956541299819946,
0.4159200191497803,
-1.2314643859863281,
0.3369976580142975,
-0.49943482875823975,
-0.37978658080101013,
0.7336490154266357,
0.762947142124176,
-0.19528770446777344,
0.7544366717338562,
0.46197161078453064,
0.3121354877948761,
-0.5904014706611633,
-0.19364480674266815,
-0.26756933331489563,
0.35354408621788025,
0.11297081410884857,
-0.5327723026275635,
-0.5326868891716003,
0.5846147537231445,
-0.08191431313753128,
-0.21690373122692108,
1.1152702569961548,
-0.8379979729652405,
0.2826235294342041,
0.011468843556940556,
0.025901654735207558,
0.027178902179002762,
0.5692337155342102,
0.03488396853208542,
-0.2920495867729187,
0.24151617288589478,
0.6024738550186157,
-0.5925211310386658,
0.6751253008842468,
0.8811472058296204,
0.3208561837673187,
-0.22951248288154602,
-0.7738674283027649,
0.035197388380765915,
0.10717003792524338,
-0.30920863151550293,
-1.0225766897201538,
0.6629867553710938,
0.5002646446228027,
-0.3159993588924408,
-0.36128294467926025,
0.12124833464622498,
0.8836270570755005,
-0.07010460644960403,
-0.21410490572452545,
1.1424311399459839,
-0.24460648000240326,
0.47854509949684143,
0.18056620657444,
-0.054606273770332336,
-0.03319917619228363,
0.28810808062553406,
0.5168288946151733,
0.07515410333871841,
-0.05120306834578514,
-0.8276718854904175,
0.270749568939209,
-0.8796579837799072,
-0.18801741302013397,
-0.08252190053462982,
0.005076559726148844,
-0.3366348147392273,
-0.11798793077468872,
0.201093852519989,
0.1966148167848587,
-0.5417934656143188,
-0.8240886926651001,
-0.011249789968132973,
-0.45199742913246155,
-0.25515246391296387,
0.1614616960287094,
-0.372165322303772,
0.39457324147224426,
-0.6919755339622498,
-0.6881320476531982,
0.05432433262467384,
-1.2958323955535889,
0.34801608324050903,
-0.19315847754478455,
0.11743266880512238,
0.18824614584445953,
-0.848476231098175,
0.09497440606355667,
0.14236728847026825,
0.3315715789794922,
0.3758092522621155,
-0.8512856960296631,
-0.06794445961713791,
-0.9515766501426697,
0.7816795706748962,
-0.28344056010246277,
-0.8077526092529297,
-0.018716637045145035,
-0.43567875027656555,
-0.4080629050731659,
-0.35382241010665894,
0.1332390159368515,
-0.021312858909368515,
-0.04789792746305466,
0.012994232587516308,
0.28660470247268677,
0.35946059226989746,
-0.6037933230400085,
0.27504774928092957,
-0.09866049140691757,
-0.3005785644054413,
-0.6257761120796204,
0.4810366630554199,
-0.1356082409620285,
-0.08592752367258072,
0.7185811400413513,
0.3536919951438904,
-0.48232075572013855,
1.151533603668213,
0.18924815952777863,
0.5188674330711365,
0.07589002698659897,
0.3619428277015686,
0.09891784191131592,
-1.149466633796692,
-0.7776497602462769,
0.09232868254184723,
-0.8630945682525635,
-0.1557714343070984,
-0.15935759246349335,
-0.18625733256340027,
-0.5670880675315857,
0.2075166553258896,
-0.08983764797449112,
0.595584511756897,
0.1560053825378418,
0.3402159512042999,
0.33393141627311707,
-0.7487757802009583,
0.05855415016412735,
0.1452537626028061,
0.9026537537574768,
-0.23967164754867554,
-0.1786741465330124,
-0.5562378764152527,
-0.36717990040779114,
-1.1269465684890747,
-0.8110540509223938,
-0.072319895029068,
0.23695246875286102,
-0.5686782598495483,
-0.7523458003997803,
0.3418335020542145,
-0.16887612640857697,
-0.9325537085533142,
0.4942024350166321,
0.08159332722425461,
0.014277714304625988,
-0.35228222608566284,
0.3261747658252716,
-0.3965255320072174,
-0.5341865420341492,
0.8011174201965332,
0.08269911259412766,
0.2143416851758957,
0.3732546865940094,
0.3746405839920044,
0.1610637754201889,
0.30285191535949707,
0.2866557836532593,
0.507457971572876,
-0.21793672442436218,
0.2160353809595108,
-0.09925290197134018,
0.3609437346458435,
-0.2503020167350769,
-0.40056219696998596,
0.05015674605965614,
-0.1803949475288391,
-0.21123000979423523,
-0.05443800985813141,
0.42611727118492126,
-0.6990588307380676,
-0.051062386482954025,
-0.017891976982355118,
-0.11350104212760925,
0.0055240788497030735,
0.2463577836751938,
0.02747969701886177,
-0.32058873772621155,
0.45647549629211426,
1.0047006607055664,
0.048330746591091156,
0.5231134295463562,
-0.398589551448822,
0.29206880927085876,
-0.3035917580127716,
0.19385626912117004,
0.24130898714065552,
-0.025403255596756935,
0.5664671659469604,
-0.5587508082389832,
0.6296951770782471,
-0.04144202917814255,
0.6584115028381348,
-0.3588840663433075,
0.5607656836509705,
-0.3511473834514618,
-0.2294759750366211,
0.6454316973686218,
-0.27389565110206604,
0.09481848031282425,
-0.585943341255188,
0.32058778405189514,
-0.9608816504478455,
0.710115909576416,
0.6738008856773376,
-0.058208122849464417,
-0.5785712599754333,
-0.08853807300329208,
-0.10280811786651611,
-0.6947901248931885,
0.37391144037246704,
0.43182122707366943,
-0.3340248763561249,
-0.09589696675539017,
-0.20254793763160706,
-0.48275524377822876,
-0.7006782293319702,
-0.7376260757446289,
1.3448375463485718,
0.5658625960350037,
0.0680273249745369,
-0.12312668561935425,
-0.34662967920303345,
-0.2522234618663788,
0.12010828405618668,
1.356356143951416,
0.9431762099266052,
-0.820342481136322,
-0.7454426884651184,
-0.57440185546875,
0.7684726119041443,
0.14542686939239502,
-0.28580427169799805,
0.3574678301811218,
0.0138620026409626,
-0.06490945816040039,
0.500289797782898,
0.5591301918029785,
-0.7151376008987427,
1.124297857284546,
-0.34778639674186707
]
|
123416 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sean%20Waltman | Sean Waltman | Sean Michael Waltman (born July 13, 1972) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for his appearances for the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) under the ring names 1–2–3 Kid and X-Pac, World Championship Wrestling (WCW) as Syxx, and NWA Total Nonstop Action (NWA-TNA) as Syxx-Pac and Sean Waltman.
Waltman began his career in the WWF in 1993, where he performed under several monikers as enhancement talent, until he was branded the 1-2-3 Kid after an upset victory over Razor Ramon on Raw. As 1-2-3 Kid, he held the WWF Tag Team Championship twice and challenged Bret Hart for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship in July 1994 in what was ranked by WWE as the third-best match ever aired on Raw. During this time, he was part of The Kliq, a backstage group that was known for their influence on WWF storylines in the 1990s.
During the Monday Night Wars, Waltman left the WWF in 1996 to join Kliq members Kevin Nash and Scott Hall (formerly known as Razor Ramon) as Syxx in WCW, and held the WCW World Tag Team Championship with them as part of the New World Order (nWo), as well as becoming a one-time WCW Cruiserweight Champion. After being released from WCW in 1998, he returned to the WWF during its Attitude Era, where he was re-branded as D-Generation X (DX) member X-Pac and held the WWF Light Heavyweight Championship and WWF European Championship twice each, while also holding the WWF Tag Team Championship two more times while paired with Kane. After WCW went out of business in 2001, X-Pac held the WCW Cruiserweight and WWF Light Heavyweight Championships simultaneously during The Invasion, before departing the company after a brief nWo reunion the following year. He subsequently performed sporadically for several promotions, notably TNA (where he became a one-time TNA X Division Champion), and on the independent circuit, until he announced his retirement in 2019.
Waltman has won a dozen championships between WWE, WCW, and TNA, the majority being cruiserweight and tag team titles. He is the only wrestler to have held the TNA X Division Championship, the WCW Cruiserweight Championship, and the WWF Light Heavyweight Championship. He was the final WWF Light Heavyweight Champion before the title was retired in favor of the Cruiserweight Championship he simultaneously held. He is recognized by WWE as the only wrestler to have been "an active member of both the nWo and DX during their heydays" in the 1990s. Additionally, he is a two-time WWE Hall of Fame inductee and the only inductee to be inducted two years in a row (2019 and 2020) as a member of DX and the nWo respectively.
Professional wrestling career
Early career (19891993)
Waltman joined the school wrestling team in ninth grade, but quickly quit rather than cut his hair. After training under Boris Malenko, Joe Malenko, Masami Soronaka and Karl Gotch, Waltman began his career as "The Lightning Kid". He worked his way through various independent promotions, including Pro Wrestling America (PWA) and the Global Wrestling Federation (GWF), winning the PWA Light Heavyweight title, the PWA Iron Horse TV Title and the GWF Light Heavyweight Championship. During this time, Waltman worked extensively with Jerry Lynn in North America and Japan. They often wrestled each other, but also teamed up to win the PWA Tag Team titles twice in 1993. While working for Larry Sharpe and Dennis Coralluzzo's WWA Promotion on November 28, 1992 in Clementon, New Jersey his opponent "The Kamikaze Kid" Bill Wilcox overshot a suicide dive and landed on Waltman's head, driving it to the concrete and causing a blood clot near his brain. He was hospitalized for three days, could not work for four months, and was advised to give up wrestling completely. He also appeared in New Japan Pro-Wrestling's Top of the Super Juniors in 1993, facing the likes of Chris Benoit, Eddie Guerrero and Jushin Liger.
World Wrestling Federation (1993–1996)
Early appearances (1993–1995)
As The Lightning Kid, Waltman had his WWF tryout match in Phoenix, Arizona, the day after WrestleMania IX, against fellow hopeful Louie Spicolli (soon known as Rad Radford in the WWF). He reminisced that he was lucky to have an opponent with a vested interest in an impressive match, rather than (as was then typical) a disinterested WWF veteran jobber like Virgil or Jim Powers. After earning a contract, he made his television debut as "The Kamikaze Kid" on Monday Night Raw on May 3, losing to Doink the Clown. He quickly became "The Cannonball Kid", then simply "The Kid". He scored an upset pinfall on Razor Ramon on the May 17 episode of Monday Night Raw, thus becoming "The 1–2–3 Kid". Razor challenged him to a rematch, wagering $2,500, then $5,000 and finally $10,000 of his own money. Kid accepted the challenge, but grabbed the money and ran from the arena during the match. Ted DiBiase, who was feuding with Razor, taunted him over losing to a nobody.
This angered Kid, and led to a match in which he upset DiBiase as well. Razor turned face shortly after and took Kid under his wing. The 1–2–3 Kid made his pay-per-view debut at SummerSlam, losing to DiBiase's tag partner Irwin R. Schyster after Razor had defeated DiBiase. At Survivor Series, Kid was on Razor's team in a four-on-four elimination match. He and Marty Jannetty were the sole survivors, which led to them forming a tag team and holding the WWF Tag Team Championship for a week in January 1994 after beating The Quebecers.
For the next two years, The 1–2–3 Kid was a natural underdog and fan favorite. He wrestled Bret Hart in an unusually long (for the time) match for the WWF Championship on July 11, 1994 on Raw and had another brief (one-day) tag title reign in January 1995, with Bob Holly beating Bam Bam Bigelow and Tatanka at the Royal Rumble before losing to The Smoking Gunns the next day on Raw.
The Million Dollar Corporation (1995–1996)
After Kid and Razor failed to win the Tag Team Championship from Billy Gunn and Bart Gunn in October 1995, Kid attacked the face Gunns after the match to tease a heel turn. On the Raw before Survivor Series in November, he was the guest referee in a match between Razor Ramon and Sycho Sid. As Razor attempted his finisher, The Razor's Edge, Kid pulled Sid down from Razor, allowing Sid to then hit Razor with his Powerbomb, and Kid fast-counted the pinfall, thus turning heel. At SummerSlam, he lost to Hakushi but won a rematch in November after Ted DiBiase interfered. He was the sole survivor of his team at Survivor Series, besting rival Marty Jannetty. Razor and Marty would team up to beat Kid and Sid at In Your House 5. After Survivor Series, Kid joined Ted DiBiase's Million Dollar Corporation faction. He remained with the group until May 1996 when Waltman left the WWF. He lost a "Crybaby match" to Razor Ramon at In Your House 6. The 1–2–3 Kid's final WWF match aired on the May 20 episode of Monday Night Raw; he lost to Savio Vega. Notably, Waltman was the only Kliq member not involved in the infamous "Curtain Call" that took place at Madison Square Garden the night before his final match from his first WWF run aired, as he was in drug rehab at the time and thus didn't participate.
World Championship Wrestling (1996–1998)
On September 16, 1996, Waltman was shown sitting in the front row for a live episode of Nitro. Later that night, he used a remote control to release New World Order (nWo) propaganda from the ceiling, revealing himself as the newest member of the recently formed faction. He was called "Syxx", because he was the sixth member of the nWo, and six is the sum of numbers in "1–2–3 Kid". In his first major angle, Syxx stole Eddie Guerrero's WCW United States Heavyweight Championship belt, leading to a ladder match for the title at Souled Out in January 1997, which Syxx lost. The next month, at SuperBrawl VII, Syxx pinned Dean Malenko for the WCW Cruiserweight Championship, after hitting him with the title belt, which he had grabbed from Guerrero at ringside. In June 1997, he lost the championship to Chris Jericho at a webcast house show in Los Angeles, California, minutes after successfully defending against Rey Mysterio, Jr.
During a feud with Ric Flair, and a loss to him at Road Wild in August, Syxx disparagingly portrayed Flair as part of an nWo segment parodying his Four Horsemen group. This segment led to a WarGames match at Fall Brawl, where Syxx, Kevin Nash, Buff Bagwell and Konnan defeated The Four Horsemen (Flair, Steve McMichael, Chris Benoit and Curt Hennig) after Hennig betrayed the Horsemen and joined the nWo. In mid-1997, the nWo invoked "Wolfpac Rules", allowing Syxx to replace the injured Kevin Nash in defending the WCW World Tag Team Championship with Scott Hall. On October 13, 1997, Hall and Syxx lost the title to The Steiner Brothers (Rick and Scott). In October, a neck injury sidelined Waltman from wrestling, but he continued to appear on television for several weeks after. While later recuperating at home, he was fired via Federal Express by WCW President Eric Bischoff. Waltman claims this was a power play aimed at his friends Hall and Nash, whose backstage influence was felt as a threat. Bischoff later said Waltman was a competent performer when sober, but sober periods were "few and far between", and "in many ways, Sean was lucky to even have a job".
World Wrestling Federation (1998–2002)
D-Generation X (1998–2000)
Waltman returned to WWF television on the March 30, 1998 episode of Monday Night Raw, the night after WrestleMania XIV and days after his firing from WCW. With Shawn Michaels beginning a four-year retirement after a WWF Championship loss and back injury, Triple H was now the leader of D-Generation X (D-X). He said he was forming a D-X army and "when you start an army, you look to your blood... you look to your buddies... you look to your friends... you look to The Kliq." Waltman appeared on the stage, commented on Bischoff and Hollywood Hogan, and said if they weren't contracted to WCW, Hall and Nash would have also returned to the WWF. Bischoff responded on Nitro the next week by telling Waltman to "bite me".
Initially called "The Kid" on the WWF website, he became known as "X-Pac" by the next Raw. X-Pac feuded with Jeff Jarrett, ultimately defeating him in a hair-vs-hair match at SummerSlam, then with WWF European Champion D'Lo Brown, whom he dethroned on September 21, 1998. He lost the title to Brown two weeks later, then won it again at Judgment Day: In Your House in October. Waltman lost the title to Shane McMahon on February 15, 1999. At WrestleMania XV, he lost a championship rematch when Triple H betrayed him, and hit him with his Pedigree finisher. X-Pac then sided with Road Dogg against Triple H, Chyna and Billy Gunn, after the temporary demise of D-X. X-Pac and Road Dogg wanted a reformed D-X to be about rebellion, while the others wanted it to be about making money. X-Pac befriended Kane, a mute, angry loner whom he partially socialized and encouraged to speak, through an electrolarynx. They won the WWF Tag Team Championship twice together. After D-X reunited in late 1999 as a heel group, X-Pac led Kane to believe he would be inducted into D-X, but instead betrayed him and eventually stole his new girlfriend, Tori. The rivalry between X-Pac and Kane culminated in a tag team match pitting X-Pac and Road Dogg against Kane and Rikishi at WrestleMania 2000.
Following WrestleMania, X-Pac continued to team with Road Dogg, with the duo competing against other tag teams including Edge and Christian, the Hardy Boyz, and Too Cool. In June 2000, X-Pac competed in the King of the Ring tournament, losing to Chris Benoit in the first round. At King of the Ring 2000, X-Pac, Road Dogg, and Tori defeated the Dudley Boyz in a dumpster match; during the bout, Tori was powerbombed through a table, by the Dudley Boyz, marking the end of her affiliation with X-Pac. In August 2000, growing dissension between X-Pac and Road Dogg saw the two face one another at SummerSlam 2000, with X-Pac winning the bout following a low blow; after the match, Road Dogg attacked X-Pac, marking the end of their tag team and the dissolution of D-Generation X. In September 2000, X-Pac began feuding with Chris Jericho, with Jericho defeating X-Pac at Unforgiven 2000 and then again in a cage match at No Mercy 2000. During the feud, X-Pac sustained a neck injury when Jericho gave him a powerbomb, side-lining him for three months.
X-Factor; nWo reunion (2001–2002)
After returning from his neck injury in February 2001, X-Pac briefly feuded with Chris Jericho over the WWF Intercontinental Championship, culminating in a fatal four-way match with Chris Benoit and Eddie Guerrero at No Way Out in February, which Jericho won to retain the title.
In February, X-Pac formed a new stable called X-Factor with Justin Credible and Albert. During this time, he usually teamed with Credible, but also appeared in singles matches. He won the WWF Light Heavyweight Championship from Jeff Hardy on June 25, then won the WCW Cruiserweight Championship for the second time in his career when he defeated Billy Kidman on July 30. Despite the reign occurring during the WCW Invasion angle, where the WWF side was mostly portrayed as faces, the fans were vocal in their disapproval of Waltman during his reign. This fan disapproval, later known as "X-Pac heat", was acknowledged on-screen by both Alliance member Billy Kidman and, later by WWF member Edge.
When Credible joined the ECW/WCW Alliance X-Factor broke up. At SummerSlam, X-Pac defeated Tajiri to win the WWF Light Heavyweight Championship for the second time while WCW Cruiserweight Champion at the same time. X-Pac then feuded with Kidman and Tajiri. After losing the WCW Cruiserweight title to Kidman, he took time off for another injury. The WWF Light Heavyweight Championship was abandoned upon his return to television, though he defended it at several house shows shortly prior. Hall, Nash and Hogan returned to the WWF in 2002 as the New World Order, brought in by Vince McMahon. Hogan was kicked from the group after losing to The Rock at WrestleMania X8. X-Pac, who had been out with an injury, returned on the March 21 episode of SmackDown!, rejoined the nWo and attacked Hogan. He said he had been waiting four years to do so, because Hogan shot on WCW Thunder after Waltman's firing, saying he could not "cut the mustard". The storyline was dropped after the first WWF draft, when the nWo went to Raw and Hogan to SmackDown!. During the nWo's feud with Booker T and Goldust a botched spinebuster injured him and kept him from participating in the feud. On the July 8, 2002 episode of Raw, Waltman wrestled in his last WWE match, a ten-man tag. This match was also the end of the nWo angle, as Nash tore his quadriceps, and Vince McMahon disbanded the group a week later. At SummerSlam, Raw commentator Jim Ross announced WWE and Waltman had parted ways.
NWA Total Nonstop Action (2002, 2003)
Waltman, as "Syxx-Pac", debuted for NWA Total Nonstop Action on September 18, 2002, losing a gauntlet match. Rejoining his WWF tag partners Scott Hall and B.G. James, he feuded with Jeff Jarrett and Brian Lawler. On October 9, 2002, Syxx-Pac made his X Division debut, defeating eight other wrestlers in a ladder match to win the vacant TNA X Division Championship. He held the title for two weeks before losing to A.J. Styles in a No Disqualification match. He abruptly left TNA after defeating Lawler in the first round of an NWA World Heavyweight Championship number one contender tournament on November 6.
Waltman, as Syxx-Pac, returned to TNA for a single night on June 18, 2003, at their first anniversary pay-per-view, as A.J. Styles's mystery partner in a loss to Jeff Jarrett and Sting.
Xtreme Pro Wrestling (2003)
Waltman, as "X", debuted in Xtreme Pro Wrestling on February 28, 2003, winning the XPW Television Championship from Kaos. He retained the title in a bout with Juventud Guerrera on March 1, and held it until the promotion closed in March 2003.
NWA Total Nonstop Action (2005, 2006)
Under his real name, Waltman returned to TNA on February 13, 2005 at Against All Odds, attacking Jeff Jarrett during his NWA World Heavyweight Championship match with Kevin Nash. Nash, Waltman and Diamond Dallas Page formed an alliance and feuded with Planet Jarrett (Jarrett, The Outlaw and Monty Brown) and at Lockdown, Waltman, B.G. James and Diamond Dallas Page defeated Planet Jarrett in a Lethal Lockdown match. Nash and Page left TNA to focus on acting afterwards.
At Hard Justice in 2005, Waltman replaced Jeff Hardy, who no-showed, and lost to Raven in a Clockwork Orange House of Fun match after being back body dropped through the steel cage. On June 19, at Slammiversary, Waltman wrestled a five-man King of the Mountain match for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. He lost, but cost defending champion A.J. Styles the title by delivering an X-Factor off a ladder. This turned him heel and led to a grudge match at No Surrender, which Styles won after guest referee Jerry Lynn prevented Waltman from cheating. Waltman challenged Lynn to a match at Sacrifice. After losing by victory roll, Waltman attacked Lynn and tried to reinjure his shoulder. Waltman then partnered with Alex Shelley to win the Chris Candido Cup. This earned them a shot at the NWA World Tag Team Championship at Unbreakable. Waltman, however, no-showed the event. He was not seen again until a one-night return at Final Resolution on January 15, 2006, brought in by Larry Zbyszko to defeat his rival, Raven.
Wrestling Society X (2006)
In February 2006, Waltman joined MTV's newly formed Wrestling Society X (WSX) promotion, as "6-Pac". At their inaugural tapings on February 9, 6-Pac had a ten-man hardcore battle royal ladder match, which both he and Vampiro won by climbing the ladder to retrieve WSX contracts. 6-Pac lost a WSX Championship title match to Vampiro the following week. He challenged Vampiro in episode four, as a ruse to introduce Ricky Banderas, who attacked Vampiro from behind. He later defeated Human Tornado and Scorpio Sky in singles matches, and teased an affair with Lizzy Valentine (the valet and girlfriend of Matt Sydal), though WSX folded before the angle could go on any further.
Independent circuit (2006–2010)
Waltman, under his real name, defeated Adam Pearce for the NWA Heritage Championship in El Paso, Texas on April 21, 2007. He defended it against El Sicodelico Jr. on April 27, and lost it to Pearce two days later. On July 8, 2007, Waltman teamed with Billy Kidman in a three-way tag match in McAllen, Texas for the NWA World Tag Team Championship, which had been vacated by Team 3D after the NWA stopped working with TNA. They lost the match to Karl Anderson and Joey Ryan. On the May 14, 2008, episode of NWA Wrestling Showcase, Waltman challenged Pearce for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. The match ended prematurely after Waltman legitimately injured his knee five minutes in. He was attacked by The Real American Heroes and Pearce, so won by disqualification. As wrestling titles can generally only change hands by pinfall or submission, Pearce retained the belt.
In June 2007, Waltman, as X-Pac, began working regularly for AAA, initially a member of Konnan's La Legión Extranjera (Foreign Legion) and managed by girlfriend Alicia Webb. He usually used the D-Generation X entrance music. After leaving for rehab in mid-2008, he returned at Verano de Escándalo (Summer of Scandal) that September, turning on the Foreign Legion and forming D-Generation Mex, a parody of D-Generation X, with Rocky Romero and Alex Koslov. He later feuded with one of AAA's top stars, El Zorro.
On August 8, 2009, at GLCW Slamfest, X-Pac became the new GLCW Heavyweight Champion by defeating Skull Crusher, who had replaced champion Al Snow when he no-showed.
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2010)
On a special live, three-hour Monday night episode of Impact! on January 4, 2010, Waltman (as Syxx-Pac) and Scott Hall returned to TNA. That night, fellow former nWo member Hulk Hogan debuted in TNA. Kevin Nash, Hall and Waltman quickly reformed an alliance called The Band, but Hogan stayed away, saying times had changed. On the January 14 episode of Impact!, The Band attacked Robert Roode and James Storm with led to a tag team match at Genesis. At Genesis on January 17, Syxx-Pac replaced Hall and teamed with Nash to lose to Beer Money, Inc. (Robert Roode and James Storm). On the next Impact! Hogan, disgusted by The Band's actions, had security eject Syxx-Pac and Hall, saying they weren't contracted to TNA. They appeared the next week anyway, attacking Kurt Angle from behind. They returned a week later, betraying Nash and beating him down. on the February 11 episode of Impact!, Waltman and Hall attacked Kurt Angle until Hogan made the save. on the February 18 episode of Impact!, Waltman and Hall brawled with Nash and Young and a week later on the February 25 episode of Impact!, Waltman and Hall brawled with Nash and Young in the parking lot and left them laying. on the March 8 episode of Impact, Nash and Young brought out a contract to wrestle Waltman and Hall on PPV. on the March 15 episode of Impact, Nash and Hall had a 5-Min $25,000 challenge when Waltman attacked Nash and handcuffed him to the rope. At Destination X on March 21, Syxx-Pac and Hall wagered their TNA jobs in a tag match against Nash and Eric Young. In the end, Nash turned on Young and helped The Band win the match and full TNA contracts. On the March 29 Impact!, The Band lost a six-man steel cage tag match to Eric Young, Jeff Hardy and Rob Van Dam. on the April 12 episode of Impact, Waltman, Hall and Nash defeated Team 3D and Jesse Neal in a Street Fight. Syxx-Pac was scheduled for a tag match at Lockdown, but was replaced by Nash after the Missouri Athletic Commission barred Waltman from wrestling, due to his hepatitis C. On the April 26 Impact!, Waltman was written off of TV when Team 3D found Syxx-Pac on a backstage floor in a pool of blood; Eric Young took his place in The Band. In June 2010, TNA released Waltman and Hall.
Late career (2010–2019)
On February 26, 2011, Waltman was inducted into the Legends Pro Wrestling Hall of Fame in Wheeling, West Virginia by Jack Blaze at their "LPW X-Factor 2011" event. On March 5, 2011, Waltman reunited with former D-Generation X members Road Dogg and Billy Gunn for a six-man tag match at a Pro Wrestling Syndicate show in Long Island, New York. A week later, X-Pac defeated UIW Lightweight Champion Stupid in a non-title match.
On April 2, 2011, Waltman returned to WWE television to celebrate, with Kevin Nash and Triple H, their longtime friend Shawn Michaels' induction into the 2011 WWE Hall of Fame. He later worked backstage as a scout and evaluator in Florida Championship Wrestling, the WWE developmental territory.
On April 15, 2011, Waltman, as The 1–2–3 Kid, debuted for Chikara by entering their King of Trios tournament, teaming with Arik Cannon and Darin Corbin (Team Minnesota). They were eliminated in the first round by Team Michinoku Pro (Dick Togo, Great Sasuke and Jinsei Shinzaki). The day after, Waltman defeated Amazing Red, Frightmare and Obariyon in a four-way elimination match to make it to the next day's Rey de Voladores tournament final. There, he lost to El Generico. After the match, Waltman said he believed 2011 would be his last year in professional wrestling, praising Chikara as the "future of wrestling" and thanking them for a memorable weekend.
In October 2011, X-Pac teamed with Billy Gunn wrestled the Full Blooded Italians in the main event on a Caribbean Pro Wrestling show in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico.
In March 2012, Waltman attended the Hall of Fame again, with The Kliq. On July 23, he, Billy Gunn and Road Dogg returned to join Shawn Michaels and Triple H for a D-Generation X reunion on the 1000th episode of Raw.
In September 2012, the 1–2–3 Kid returned to Chikara for the 2012 King of Trios tournament, this time teaming with Aldo Montoya and Tatanka as Team WWF. On September 14, they lost their first-round match to The Extreme Trio (Jerry Lynn, Tommy Dreamer and Too Cold Scorpio). The next day, The 1–2–3 Kid was low-blowed and pinned by Mark Angelosetti. On the final day of the tournament weekend, The 1–2–3 Kid and Marty Jannetty won the annual tag team gauntlet match.
On October 8 and 9, 2012, he wrestled in a Bad Boys of Wrestling Federation tournament to crown the BBWF Caribbean Champion. He defeated Krimson in the semi-final and Daivari in the final, winning the title.
On November 18, 2012, The 1–2–3 Kid returned to Chikara, when he and Marty Jannetty defeated The Heart Throbs (Antonio Thomas and Romeo Roselli) to earn their third point (for three consecutive wins) and a shot at the Chikara Campeonatos de Parejas. They lost the title match on December 2, at the Under the Hood internet pay-per-view, to defending champions The Young Bucks (Matt and Nick Jackson).
In early 2013, The Kliq/DX reunited for an episode of NXT. In March 2013, Waltman signed a WWE Legends contract (a long-term contract which gives WWE merchandising rights to a wrestler's name and likeness, requires occasional appearances and prevents them from working for competing major promotions, but allows for independent appearances).
Waltman, under his real name, returned to Chikara on March 8, 2013, losing to Hallowicked. On March 23, 2013, in a four-way match at Jerry Lynn's retirement show in Minneapolis, X-Pac tore his anus by performing his signature Bronco Buster onto the exposed turnbuckle. Afterward, he went back to his hotel room, where he discovered a lot of blood coming out of his clothes and went to the hospital. He underwent a sphincteroplasty and was released the following morning. On November 9, 2013, X-Pac and Lance Storm lost to Tommy Dreamer and Terry Funk in the main event of House of Hardcore 3.
On April 5, 2014 the night before WrestleMania XXX, Waltman joined Shawn Michaels, Triple H, and Kevin Nash at Scott Hall's WWE Hall of Fame induction, reuniting The Kliq.
On June 14, 2014, X-Pac and Rikishi defeated Gangrel and Matt Striker at House of Hardcore 6. In September 2014, Waltman returned to Chikara to do commentary during the first round of the 2014 King of Trios.
On the January 19, 2015 episode of Raw, labelled Raw Reunion, Damien Mizdow appeared with Kevin Nash, Shawn Michaels, Scott Hall and Triple H dressed as X-Pac, only for X-Pac to confront him (finding the impersonation funny), until The Miz interrupted them to tell them that Mizdow was only his stunt double, and that the party was over. He appeared again with Hall and Nash, being interrupted by The Ascension, who were attempting to attack them, only to be joined by The APA and The New Age Outlaws in fending off The Ascension. At WrestleMania 31, X-Pac along with the New Age Outlaws and Shawn Michaels helped Triple H win his match against Sting. They were backstage at NXT TakeOver: Brooklyn in August 2015.
On September 4, 2016, Waltman, as X-Pac, made a surprise return to Chikara, representing DX alongside Billy Gunn in a tag team gauntlet match. The two entered the match as the final team and scored the win over Prakash Sabar and The Proletariat Boar of Moldova.
In January 2018, Waltman returned at WWE Raw 25 Years and reunited with DX and Scott Hall. In November 2018, he attended NXT TakeOver: WarGames.
Retirement (2019–present)
In 2019, Waltman was introduced into the WWE Hall of Fame (under the X-Pac name) as a member of D-Generation X alongside Triple H, Shawn Michaels, Road Dogg, Billy Gunn and the late Chyna. During WrestleMania 35 weekend in April 2019, X-Pac, Hurricane Helms and Jushin Thunder Liger won a six-man tag team match against Revolt! (Caleb Konley, Jake Manning, and Zane Riley) at the WrestleCon Mark Hitchcock Memorial SuperShow. Later in July, he claimed that the match would be his last and that he was retired, stating "I'm fucking done wrestling. I'm done." However, he did mention that he would be open to potential one-night returns for special occasions such as WrestleMania and NXT TakeOver. On December 9, 2019, it was announced that Waltman would be inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame a second time (this time under his real name) as a part of the class of 2020, this time as a member of the New World Order, together with fellow former nWo stablemates Hulk Hogan, Kevin Nash, and Scott Hall; this made him the first person to be inducted two years in a row, and the first to be inducted twice as part of teams or groups. The 2020 Hall of Fame ceremony was delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, it eventually took place a year later.
Personal life
Waltman had a self-described troubled childhood. He was raised by a single mother, and called himself "unsupervised from age five". He was molested several times as a child, and dropped out of school in ninth grade. A love of wrestling and limited career opportunities led to him working in local promotions for free, setting up rings and doing other odd jobs before eventually wrestling himself. Waltman was previously in a relationship with and eventually engaged to Joanie Laurer, who formerly competed as Chyna in the WWF. Later on, Laurer and Waltman split. In March 2005, Waltman appeared on the VH1 reality TV show The Surreal Life when he visited Laurer in an attempt to reconcile with her. After Laurer refused to reconcile, Waltman was eventually ejected from the house by the other guests. On The Tomorrow Show with Keven Undergaro, Waltman recounted the last time he saw Chyna. Waltman has been open about past substance abuse issues. During his relationship with Laurer, Waltman admits to struggling with an addiction to methamphetamines and using multiple narcotics in addition, such as cocaine and prescription pain medications.
In 2008, while living in Mexico, Waltman attempted suicide in his Mexico City apartment. Waltman asserts he was so overcome with shame and guilt after a physical altercation with his then girlfriend Alicia Webb, he mixed pills and alcohol and hanged himself from his apartment balcony. Webb supposedly found Waltman hanging and was able to get him down and revived him until an ambulance arrived. Following this incident, Waltman was placed in a WWE sponsored rehab and began his recovery. On April 30, 2017, Waltman was arrested at the Los Angeles International Airport after allegedly being found in possession of methamphetamines. On May 26, however, it was announced that the charges against Waltman had been dropped after lab results determined the pills Waltman possessed were not methamphetamines, nor were they any form of a narcotic. On September 24, 2018, Waltman announced his ex-wife and mother to his children, Terry Waltman had died, saying "She lost her battle with Mental Illness & Addiction." Waltman is dating author Angela Nissel, beginning in 2018.
Other media
Podcasting
Starting in 2016, Waltman began hosting the weekly podcast, X-Pac 1, 2, 360. Waltman has also made various appearances on other podcasts including The Steve Austin Show, Talk Is Jericho, and The Ross Report.
Video games
Waltman's likeness has appeared in many video games, including WWF Raw, WCW vs. nWo: World Tour, WCW Nitro, WWF Attitude, WWF Smackdown!, WWF WrestleMania 2000, WWF No Mercy, WWF SmackDown! 2: Know Your Role, WWF With Authority!, WWF Road to WrestleMania, WWE SmackDown! Shut Your Mouth, WWF Raw, WWE '13, downloadable content in WWE 2K14 as Syxx-Pac, WWE 2K16 and WWE 2K20.
1 Night in China
In 2004 Waltman co-starred with then-girlfriend Joanie Laurer in the amateur adult film 1 Night in China.
Filmography
Championships and accomplishments
Bad Boys of Wrestling Federation
BBFW Caribbean Championship (1 time)
DDT Pro-Wrestling
Ironman Heavymetalweight Championship (1 time)
Great Lakes Championship Wrestling
GLCW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Global Wrestling Federation
GWF Light Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
GWF Light Heavyweight Championship Tournament (1991)
Jersey Championship Wrestling
JCW Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Joey Janela
Legends Pro Wrestling
LPW Hall of Fame (2011)
Metroplex Wrestling
MPX Tag Team Champion (1 time) – with Jerome Daniels
Mid-Eastern Wrestling Federation
MEWF Light Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
NWA Pro Wrestling
NWA Heritage Championship (1 time)
Pro Wrestling America
PWA Iron Horse Television Championship (1 time)
PWA Light Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
PWA Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Jerry Lynn
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Comeback of the Year (1998)
Tag Team of the Year (1999) – with Kane
Ranked No. 21 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 1997
Ranked No. 177 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003
South Eastern Wrestling Alliance
SEWA Light Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
TNA X Division Championship (1 time)
Chris Candido Memorial Tag Team Tournament – with Alex Shelley
World Championship Wrestling
WCW Cruiserweight Championship (1 time)
WCW World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Kevin Nash and Scott Hall1
World Wrestling Federation/WWE
WWF European Championship (2 times)
WWF Light Heavyweight Championship (2 times, final)
WCW Cruiserweight Championship (1 time)
WWF Tag Team Championship (4 times) – with Marty Jannetty (1), Bob Holly (1), and Kane (2)
Slammy Award (1 time)
Biggest Heart (1994)
WWF World Tag Team Championship Tournament (1995) – with Bob Holly
WWE Hall of Fame (2 times)
Class of 2019 – as a member of D-Generation X
Class of 2020 – as a member of the New World Order
Xtreme Pro Wrestling
XPW Television Championship (1 time)
Wrestling Society X
WSX Rumble (shared with Vampiro)
1 – Following an injury to Nash, the nWo invoked "Wolfpac Rules" and named Syxx as co-champion
Wrestling Observer Newsletter
Best Gimmick (1996) – nWo
Feud of the Year (1996) New World Order vs. World Championship Wrestling
Luchas de Apuestas record
References
External links
1972 births
American male professional wrestlers
American men podcasters
American podcasters
Bridgeport Bluefish guest managers
D-Generation X members
Expatriate professional wrestlers in Japan
Living people
Professional wrestlers from Minnesota
Professional wrestling podcasters
Sportspeople from Minneapolis
The Kliq members
The Million Dollar Corporation members
The New World Order (professional wrestling) members
WWE Hall of Fame inductees
WWF European Champions | [
-0.4803909957408905,
-0.043615419417619705,
-0.168930783867836,
-0.2365054190158844,
0.3645544648170471,
0.28864216804504395,
0.9919167160987854,
0.2661164700984955,
0.11807629466056824,
0.41701605916023254,
0.004648774396628141,
0.4738551676273346,
-0.06701484322547913,
-0.2568708062171936,
0.44033166766166687,
0.045152489095926285,
0.02412356436252594,
-0.12280425429344177,
0.688688337802887,
0.04140112176537514,
-0.23072150349617004,
-0.43756240606307983,
0.25531309843063354,
-0.594129741191864,
-0.42959004640579224,
0.6128193736076355,
-0.4757743775844574,
-0.34359118342399597,
-0.3036840260028839,
0.004872468765825033,
0.14076189696788788,
0.19568181037902832,
-0.018666472285985947,
-0.633108913898468,
-0.5275382399559021,
0.27457118034362793,
-0.019152475520968437,
-0.3353867828845978,
0.2999210059642792,
0.6093400716781616,
-0.734097421169281,
0.2859228551387787,
0.0005049904575571418,
-0.35625070333480835,
-0.1539621651172638,
-0.25975799560546875,
-1.776229977607727,
-0.3713947534561157,
-0.5057008266448975,
-0.1616518199443817,
-0.24753810465335846,
0.03510835021734238,
-0.42869651317596436,
-0.10950150340795517,
-0.025164851918816566,
0.08953745663166046,
-0.6100237965583801,
-0.11046130955219269,
0.1972358524799347,
-0.3548300862312317,
-0.043968427926301956,
-0.2902727425098419,
0.2974298596382141,
-0.4946271777153015,
0.18977011740207672,
-0.0008066797163337469,
0.380661278963089,
0.5588952898979187,
-0.150752991437912,
-0.18116870522499084,
0.2009020745754242,
0.2239757776260376,
0.30474042892456055,
-0.05860462784767151,
1.0412472486495972,
-0.019511854276061058,
0.01974654011428356,
0.1701163649559021,
0.09711835533380508,
0.049088798463344574,
0.1970413476228714,
-0.24483612179756165,
0.8435615301132202,
0.7715740203857422,
0.16151513159275055,
-0.03301924094557762,
-0.47516366839408875,
0.002037597121670842,
-0.6728672981262207,
0.17299623787403107,
-0.4982537031173706,
0.5318564176559448,
0.24441631138324738,
0.3207397758960724,
-0.07531091570854187,
-0.2101117968559265,
-0.44329890608787537,
0.5229856967926025,
-0.00028638780349865556,
-0.048395466059446335,
0.23025114834308624,
-0.4828715920448303,
0.6153661608695984,
-0.6161584258079529,
-0.5941687822341919,
-0.47073107957839966,
0.39942002296447754,
0.075126513838768,
-0.4093628227710724,
-0.3665667176246643,
-0.7829025983810425,
0.7173061370849609,
0.1344471573829651,
-0.38100263476371765,
-0.14346350729465485,
0.9465827345848083,
0.6007934212684631,
-0.6832237243652344,
-0.29404687881469727,
-0.10007405281066895,
0.12937505543231964,
0.36686837673187256,
-0.2639024555683136,
0.6696697473526001,
-1.0477697849273682,
-0.013496390543878078,
-0.26297932863235474,
0.11036499589681625,
0.00042637725709937513,
0.5987895727157593,
0.29217424988746643,
0.6375685334205627,
-0.30610859394073486,
-0.06502916663885117,
-0.2066347450017929,
0.5185639262199402,
0.5231181383132935,
-0.2994610369205475,
0.18911519646644592,
0.4983920156955719,
-0.7651260495185852,
-0.5790300369262695,
-1.2148977518081665,
-0.2888764441013336,
0.012860679067671299,
0.16353943943977356,
-0.03645525500178337,
0.022145802155137062,
0.17459212243556976,
0.33941978216171265,
-0.5468284487724304,
0.5432659983634949,
-0.2913758456707001,
-0.3582596480846405,
-0.19938254356384277,
0.781738817691803,
0.3387816846370697,
-0.34578001499176025,
0.3653263449668884,
-0.04714743793010712,
0.017991594970226288,
-0.49386927485466003,
-0.539111316204071,
0.31976747512817383,
0.7050831317901611,
-0.13501933217048645,
0.4470180869102478,
-0.6977570652961731,
-0.21579432487487793,
-0.1277647167444229,
0.08002325147390366,
0.22023598849773407,
0.21059651672840118,
-0.3174419403076172,
-0.24130478501319885,
0.11381152272224426,
0.5450793504714966,
0.3567136228084564,
0.17472416162490845,
-0.2696165442466736,
-0.8394770622253418,
-0.37409546971321106,
0.44002148509025574,
0.31732818484306335,
0.5382234454154968,
-0.2120388150215149,
0.9022205471992493,
-0.18781526386737823,
0.405437707901001,
-0.11797177046537399,
-0.5833699703216553,
-0.7010691165924072,
0.413793683052063,
-0.007194709964096546,
0.7138857841491699,
0.3008168935775757,
-0.2189905345439911,
0.1471821665763855,
0.2951655089855194,
0.6920835375785828,
-0.024552538990974426,
-0.44760775566101074,
-0.09801375865936279,
0.25967922806739807,
-0.2100624442100525,
0.9108456373214722,
0.6887836456298828,
-0.12136036902666092,
0.8196902871131897,
0.8699201941490173,
0.7138900756835938,
-0.6435138583183289,
-0.4999823570251465,
0.38341039419174194,
-0.7705069780349731,
-0.4882648289203644,
-0.3141556978225708,
-0.062141742557287216,
0.265875905752182,
-0.619497537612915,
0.6448109149932861,
0.5997368693351746,
-0.138743594288826,
0.2010161578655243,
-0.291655957698822,
1.335607647895813,
-0.13451051712036133,
0.10596262663602829,
-0.27349284291267395,
-1.2570815086364746,
0.4696786105632782,
0.4224209487438202,
-0.3396454453468323,
-0.6869463324546814,
0.037085581570863724,
0.23593460023403168,
0.6470918655395508,
-0.3170773684978485,
-0.3117332458496094,
-1.1353517770767212,
0.10663623362779617,
0.6078362464904785,
-0.2525446116924286,
0.07887431234121323,
-0.2587946355342865,
0.4949774444103241,
0.6091510653495789,
1.0814356803894043,
-0.5664384365081787,
-0.1514241099357605,
0.2656981647014618,
0.13390392065048218,
0.2120431512594223,
-0.46706411242485046,
0.39868903160095215,
0.10450040549039841,
-0.34602493047714233,
0.5295796394348145,
-0.0021262485533952713,
-0.13578346371650696,
0.38883674144744873,
0.15277519822120667,
0.1818874627351761,
-0.05030852183699608,
-0.2023557722568512,
-0.3603591322898865,
-0.332496702671051,
-0.2365787923336029,
0.21411055326461792,
0.021741380915045738,
0.9137734174728394,
-0.13219791650772095,
-0.21325522661209106,
-0.8653532862663269,
-0.4304075539112091,
0.7344446778297424,
0.277296245098114,
-0.027340468019247055,
-0.5653907656669617,
-0.3641453981399536,
0.2455063760280609,
0.8495135307312012,
0.12840016186237335,
-0.09915465861558914,
0.23225028812885284,
-0.5184456706047058,
-0.25345227122306824,
-0.41924887895584106,
-0.24051843583583832,
-0.117100790143013,
-0.16862356662750244,
0.6641829609870911,
-0.25257590413093567,
0.6881471276283264,
-0.5731947422027588,
0.37114235758781433,
0.16181175410747528,
-0.04985823109745979,
0.014934638515114784,
-0.10308822244405746,
-0.6620920300483704,
0.04367611184716225,
-0.16488102078437805,
0.2967684864997864,
0.04215514287352562,
0.08632467687129974,
-0.32183998823165894,
-0.6874462366104126,
-5.195779800415039,
0.5763619542121887,
-0.027807481586933136,
0.02066182531416416,
0.8070417642593384,
-0.3601471185684204,
0.19487790763378143,
0.041873857378959656,
-0.23656150698661804,
0.024276139214634895,
-0.4492564797401428,
-0.09824828803539276,
0.3168026804924011,
0.10990574955940247,
0.4107973277568817,
0.3082955479621887,
0.5658417344093323,
-0.7493618130683899,
0.4167104959487915,
0.6026474833488464,
-0.7988370060920715,
-0.22841277718544006,
-0.37218716740608215,
0.1678507924079895,
0.0032595943193882704,
0.700669527053833,
-0.6173459887504578,
0.2271767407655716,
-0.23461364209651947,
-0.1109708771109581,
-0.20772281289100647,
0.4192090928554535,
-0.5939261317253113,
-0.09585560858249664,
0.4005684554576874,
-0.2325630635023117,
0.6752436757087708,
-0.20487944781780243,
0.1742214858531952,
-0.9745689630508423,
0.16885127127170563,
-0.09432724118232727,
-1.087632417678833,
0.2903868854045868,
0.9254897832870483,
-0.6703010201454163,
-0.5798686146736145,
-0.43647369742393494,
-0.15357805788516998,
0.35962602496147156,
0.24527014791965485,
-0.32564544677734375,
0.2479684203863144,
0.3331168591976166,
0.5085152983665466,
-0.30887266993522644,
0.09282081574201584,
-0.1502530872821808,
-0.15298078954219818,
0.2615494430065155,
-0.09477633237838745,
-1.3905919790267944,
-0.0048003774136304855,
0.05235271900892258,
0.188385009765625,
-0.5996143817901611,
0.7945491075515747,
-0.04991636797785759,
0.18274368345737457,
-0.5648918151855469,
-0.377678245306015,
0.6682262420654297,
-0.25495418906211853,
-1.0647372007369995,
0.0631725937128067,
0.086170993745327,
-0.14945001900196075,
-0.12144877761602402,
-0.6564470529556274,
-0.5104466080665588,
-0.12865667045116425,
-0.3993779122829437,
0.09954316169023514,
0.3599436581134796,
0.6403948664665222,
-0.4110656976699829,
-0.12964633107185364,
0.3762829899787903,
0.13035647571086884,
0.04284771904349327,
0.12723593413829803,
-0.008832694962620735,
0.25790733098983765,
-0.22426281869411469,
-0.4215811789035797,
-0.20526725053787231,
0.4050143361091614,
0.45716407895088196,
0.28791311383247375,
0.27544936537742615,
-0.10329819470643997,
-0.4712928235530853,
0.2806169092655182,
-0.744016170501709,
0.5286160111427307,
0.21063853800296783,
0.2869846224784851,
1.0609019994735718,
0.6059455871582031,
0.007684070151299238,
0.25310978293418884,
0.35721585154533386,
-0.5795650482177734,
-0.10853875428438187,
0.002441870979964733,
0.5354495644569397,
-0.4351871609687805,
0.18141010403633118,
0.2483019232749939,
0.497482031583786,
-0.17197446525096893,
0.2525752782821655,
-0.05276653543114662,
-0.15575890243053436,
-0.06033375486731529,
-0.4724365174770355,
-0.1388760656118393,
0.10510309785604477,
0.19539906084537506,
-0.06099520996212959,
-0.1124289482831955,
0.8428951501846313,
-0.08506832271814346,
0.09265217930078506,
0.06324174255132675,
-0.12326630204916,
0.005556551739573479,
-0.6956000328063965,
0.03884176164865494,
-0.3753659725189209,
-0.11399256438016891,
-0.32166898250579834,
0.3266185522079468,
0.4949397146701813,
0.39254459738731384,
0.0006960913306102157,
0.37806469202041626,
0.24108755588531494,
-0.735798180103302,
0.8662083148956299,
0.4224877655506134,
-0.6795982122421265,
0.15317116677761078,
-0.8893163204193115,
-0.21159200370311737,
0.6066427230834961,
-0.05949263274669647,
-0.3434877097606659,
0.6136447191238403,
-0.6257486343383789,
0.07969754934310913,
-0.13961803913116455,
-0.8522781729698181,
-0.34682324528694153,
-0.09940603375434875,
-0.5704767107963562,
0.09604968130588531,
-0.49164897203445435,
-0.9069666266441345,
0.17330144345760345,
0.046587325632572174,
-1.1254193782806396,
-0.5198606252670288,
-0.1872824728488922,
-0.15134520828723907,
-0.5140958428382874,
-0.23226720094680786,
0.5519543886184692,
0.16965210437774658,
-0.15512754023075104,
0.3876250684261322,
-0.13918966054916382,
-0.7357618808746338,
-0.47670063376426697,
0.747221827507019,
-0.0004943055682815611,
-0.5091849565505981,
-0.21801216900348663,
0.05213064327836037,
0.03736892715096474,
0.3741033971309662,
-0.47573795914649963,
0.3336047828197479,
0.7757425904273987,
-0.2888507843017578,
-0.5040662288665771,
0.03390566259622574,
0.5827220678329468,
-0.13992856442928314,
0.02723187953233719,
0.3738190531730652,
0.18934233486652374,
-0.3681950867176056,
0.3160187304019928,
0.2521968185901642,
-0.5830874443054199,
0.15985624492168427,
0.6176777482032776,
0.018473053351044655,
0.17585590481758118,
0.06278969347476959,
-0.1379641443490982,
-0.24885672330856323,
0.6252442598342896,
-0.11395752429962158,
0.11411509662866592,
0.35959509015083313,
0.4548787474632263,
-0.16388146579265594,
-0.6556788086891174,
-0.009137174114584923,
-0.4003293812274933,
-0.38407671451568604,
-0.18711598217487335,
-0.5078408718109131,
-0.3303210437297821,
0.5688207149505615,
-0.09298163652420044,
0.42891260981559753,
-0.2597752809524536,
-0.17697517573833466,
-0.14403849840164185,
0.7925094962120056,
0.7037419080734253,
-0.22392155230045319,
0.47177010774612427,
-0.03597667068243027,
1.2092552185058594,
-0.44816160202026367,
-0.07390373200178146,
0.7977299094200134,
1.2415740489959717,
0.11920072883367538,
0.06597183644771576,
-0.2762637436389923,
0.32388442754745483,
0.224959596991539,
-0.48803016543388367,
-0.20906877517700195,
-0.08112971484661102,
0.6751744151115417,
0.2984081208705902,
-1.0734699964523315,
1.001756191253662,
1.1872820854187012,
-0.34146401286125183,
0.05855283886194229,
-0.06766998767852783,
-0.38399022817611694,
0.10423155128955841,
0.3715178072452545,
0.3248932659626007,
0.008549637161195278,
0.5030016899108887,
-0.1926475167274475,
-0.4402231276035309,
-0.4617554247379303,
-0.04926200583577156,
0.32068485021591187,
-0.5751786231994629,
-0.7362364530563354,
-0.05025878921151161,
-0.44155293703079224,
0.2842194437980652,
-0.3485713303089142,
0.9131292700767517,
0.6412181854248047,
-0.5598384141921997,
-0.7162811160087585,
0.26638397574424744,
-0.5244140028953552,
-0.08079656213521957,
0.06410321593284607,
-0.8489645719528198,
-0.24100624024868011,
-0.19774556159973145,
0.8568252921104431,
0.24525736272335052,
-0.07619955390691757,
0.2035205066204071,
-0.4391442835330963,
0.12844984233379364,
-0.2145857959985733,
-0.4800543487071991,
-0.43846482038497925,
-0.2774279713630676,
-0.03267607092857361,
0.5765827894210815,
-0.1114020124077797,
-0.1071300059556961,
-0.4859199821949005,
0.9853415489196777,
0.18175268173217773,
-0.3643414080142975,
-0.18743406236171722,
-0.23249459266662598,
-0.2803979516029358,
-0.9438737630844116,
-0.05522096902132034,
0.38514289259910583,
-0.029097724705934525,
0.3354956805706024,
0.19064390659332275,
0.35600125789642334,
-0.11086662858724594,
0.012566776014864445,
0.4686181843280792,
-0.3884665071964264,
-0.495138943195343,
0.4632818102836609,
-0.5928159356117249,
-0.6441648602485657,
0.6243192553520203,
-0.04493273049592972,
0.1331513524055481,
0.8821554780006409,
0.20582742989063263,
0.15586605668067932,
0.19536879658699036,
0.33403682708740234,
-0.169562429189682,
-0.27118751406669617,
-0.3560430705547333,
0.7842503786087036,
0.38230472803115845,
-0.43260857462882996,
0.43537601828575134,
0.18288341164588928,
0.30812492966651917,
0.3541446924209595,
-0.5839470028877258,
1.0128445625305176,
0.12195052951574326,
0.1468641310930252,
-0.010289275087416172,
-0.07011783123016357,
0.03579801693558693,
0.18707074224948883,
0.2989158630371094,
0.12936586141586304,
-0.22809556126594543,
-0.21905364096164703,
0.03205464035272598,
-0.4739154875278473,
0.6128670573234558,
-0.8270739912986755,
0.34115228056907654,
-1.0737268924713135,
-1.0049283504486084,
-0.15289223194122314,
0.04080194607377052,
-0.5216226577758789,
0.9350501894950867,
0.4023059904575348,
-0.27791285514831543,
-0.7333347797393799,
-0.10766885429620743,
-0.5592843294143677,
0.16792263090610504,
0.5138716101646423,
-0.17280586063861847,
-0.26202115416526794,
0.27823638916015625,
0.31027182936668396,
0.44299817085266113,
0.3746988773345947,
0.4753577411174774,
-0.7928076982498169,
-0.6881230473518372,
-0.3800264894962311,
-0.661048948764801,
0.1963520050048828,
-0.6918134689331055,
0.37101811170578003,
0.318686306476593,
0.3175540864467621,
-0.13344401121139526,
0.4412676990032196,
-0.1103290319442749,
-0.029782840982079506,
-0.20288912951946259,
-0.5997037887573242,
-0.24873407185077667,
0.29757097363471985,
-0.08065971732139587,
0.4011828303337097,
-0.6412289142608643,
0.6764727234840393,
0.47334378957748413,
0.24133461713790894,
0.13579411804676056,
0.29990726709365845,
0.4228014349937439,
-0.028882982209324837,
-0.8925240635871887,
0.08669957518577576,
-0.19345487654209137,
-0.04284278303384781,
-0.25623437762260437,
0.2310246080160141,
0.2582276463508606,
0.5337020754814148,
-0.04472114518284798,
-0.017431560903787613,
-0.23630638420581818,
0.4446180462837219,
0.7545964121818542,
-0.09763985127210617,
0.09499222785234451,
-0.522193968296051,
0.05040381848812103,
-0.3475574553012848,
-0.03677463158965111,
0.16365811228752136,
-0.2501976490020752,
0.30595648288726807,
0.1328371912240982,
-0.1277872622013092,
-0.12483015656471252,
-0.003596584079787135,
0.0491294339299202,
-0.17133930325508118,
-0.3711484968662262,
-0.05301451310515404,
-0.6351354122161865,
-0.6913973689079285,
0.31777772307395935,
0.9447571635246277,
0.5321689248085022,
-0.5778586268424988,
0.9357115626335144,
0.21034249663352966,
-0.10183854401111603,
-0.15028728544712067,
-0.3058597445487976,
-0.06728438287973404,
-0.42498067021369934,
-0.6994168758392334,
0.27811431884765625,
0.08686733990907669,
-0.31380802392959595,
-0.2995659410953522,
0.6618508100509644,
-0.49445247650146484,
-0.0528973788022995,
0.37743574380874634,
0.28476977348327637,
0.2320723682641983,
0.5160694718360901,
-0.6095801591873169
]
|
123417 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Matrix%20Reloaded | The Matrix Reloaded | The Matrix Reloaded is a 2003 American science fiction action film written and directed by the Wachowskis. It is a sequel to The Matrix (1999), and the second installment in The Matrix film series. The film stars Keanu Reeves, Laurence Fishburne, Carrie-Anne Moss, Hugo Weaving and Gloria Foster who reprise their roles from the previous film, while Jada Pinkett Smith was introduced in the cast.
The film premiered on May 7, 2003, in Westwood, Los Angeles, California, and had its worldwide release by Warner Bros. Pictures on May 15, 2003, including a screening out of competition at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival. The video game Enter the Matrix and The Animatrix, a collection of short animations, supported and expanded the film's story.
The film received generally positive reviews from critics, although most felt it inferior to the first film. It grossed $741.8 million worldwide, breaking Terminator 2: Judgment Days record and becoming the highest-grossing R-rated film of all time, until Deadpool surpassed it in 2016. In addition, it was the third-highest-grossing film of 2003, behind The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King and Finding Nemo. A direct sequel titled The Matrix Revolutions, was released six months later in November 2003.
Plot
Six months after the events of The Matrix, Neo and Trinity are now romantically involved. Morpheus receives a message from Captain Niobe of the Logos calling an emergency meeting of all ships of Zion. An army of Sentinels is tunneling towards Zion and will reach it within 72 hours. Commander Lock orders all ships to return to Zion to prepare, but Morpheus asks one ship to remain to contact the Oracle. Within the Matrix, the lone ship's crew is encountered by the former Agent Smith, who copies himself over the body of crew member Bane and uses the phone line to leave the Matrix.
In Zion, Morpheus announces the news of the advancing machines. The Nebuchadnezzar leaves Zion and enters the Matrix, where Neo meets the Oracle's bodyguard Seraph, who leads him to her. The Oracle reveals that she is part of the Matrix and instructs Neo to reach its Source with the help of the Keymaker. As the Oracle departs, Smith appears, telling Neo that after being defeated by him, he became a rogue program. He demonstrates his ability to clone himself over other inhabitants of the Matrix, including the new upgraded Agents. He tries to take over Neo's body but fails, prompting a battle between Neo and many copies of Smith. Neo defends himself, but is forced to retreat.
Neo, Morpheus, and Trinity visit the Merovingian, who is imprisoning the Keymaker. The Merovingian, a rogue program with his own agenda, refuses to let him go. His wife Persephone, seeking revenge on her husband for his infidelity, leads the trio to the Keymaker. Morpheus, Trinity, and the Keymaker flee while Neo holds off the Merovingian's henchmen. Morpheus and Trinity try to escape with the Keymaker, pursued by several Agents and the Merovingian's chief henchmen, the Twins. After a long chase, Trinity escapes, Morpheus defeats the Twins, and Neo saves Morpheus and the Keymaker from Agent Johnson.
The crews of the Nebuchadnezzar, Vigilant, and Logos help the Keymaker and Neo reach the Source. The Logos crew must destroy a power plant and the Vigilant crew must disable a back-up power station to bypass a security system, which will allow Neo to enter the Source. Haunted by a vision of Trinity's death, he asks her to remain on the Nebuchadnezzar.
The Logos is successful, but the Vigilant is destroyed by a Sentinel. Trinity replaces the Vigilant crew and completes their mission. Agent Thompson corners her and they fight. As Neo, Morpheus, and the Keymaker try to reach the Source, the Smiths ambush them. The Keymaker is killed after unlocking the door to the Source for Neo.
Neo meets a program called the Architect, the creator of the Matrix, who explains that as the One, Neo is himself an intentional part of the design of the Matrix, which is now in its sixth iteration. Neo is meant to stop the Matrix's fatal system crash that naturally recurs due to the concept of human choice within it. As with the five previous Ones, Neo has a choice: either reboot the Matrix from the Source and pick a handful of survivors to repopulate the soon-to-be-destroyed Zion, as his predecessors all did, or go to save the imperiled Trinity, causing the Matrix to crash and killing everyone in it. Neo chooses the latter, prompting a dismissive response from the Architect.
Neo's vision of Trinity comes true as she is shot by Agent Thompson while falling off a building. Before she hits the ground, Neo arrives and catches her. He then removes the bullet from her chest and restarts her heart. They return to the real world, where Sentinels attack them. The Nebuchadnezzar is destroyed, but the crew escape. As the Sentinels catch up to them, Neo is somehow able to disable the machines with his mind, but falls into a coma from the effort. The crew are picked up by another ship, the Hammer. Its captain reveals that other ships defending Zion were wiped out by the machines after someone prematurely activated an EMP. Only one survivor was found: the Smith-possessed Bane.
Cast
Zee was originally played by Aaliyah, who died in a plane crash on August 25, 2001, before filming was complete, requiring her scenes to be reshot with Nona Gaye. Jet Li was offered the role of Seraph, but turned it down as he did not want his martial arts moves digitally recorded.
Production
Filming
The Matrix Reloaded was largely filmed at Fox Studios in Australia. Filming began on March 1, 2001 and ended on August 21, 2002, concurrently with the filming of the sequel, Revolutions. The freeway chase and "Burly Brawl" scenes were filmed at the decommissioned Naval Air Station Alameda in Alameda, California. The producers constructed a 1.5-mile freeway on the old runways specifically for the film. Some portions of the chase were also filmed in Oakland, California, and the tunnel shown briefly is the Webster Tube, which connects Oakland and Alameda. Some post-production editing was also done in old aircraft hangars on the base. The city of Akron, Ohio was willing to give full access to Route 59, the stretch of freeway known as the "Innerbelt", for filming of the freeway chase when it was under consideration. However, producers decided against this as "the time to reset all the cars in their start position would take too long". MythBusters would later reuse the Alameda location in order to explore the effects of a head-on collision between two semi trucks, and to perform various other experiments. Around 97% of the materials from the sets of the film were recycled after production was completed; for example, tons of wood were sent to Mexico to build low-income housing.
Visual effects
Following the success of the previous film, the Wachowskis came up with extremely difficult action sequences, such as the Burly Brawl, a scene in which Neo had to fight 100 Agent Smiths. To develop technologies for the film, Warner Bros. launched ESC Entertainment. The ESC team tried to figure out how to bring the Wachowskis' vision to the screen, but because bullet time required arrays of carefully aligned cameras and months of planning, even for a brief scene featuring two or three actors, a scene like the Burly Brawl seemed almost impossible as envisioned and could take years to composite. Eventually John Gaeta realized that the technology he and his crew had developed for The Matrixs bullet time was no longer sufficient and concluded they needed a virtual camera (in other words, a simulation of a camera). Having before used real photographs of buildings as texture for 3D models in The Matrix, the team started digitizing all data, such as scenes, characters' motions, or even the reflectivity of Neo's cassock. The reflectivity of objects needs to be captured and simulated adequately and Paul Debevec et al. captured the reflectance of the human face and Borshukov's work was strongly based on the findings of Debevec et al. They developed "Universal Capture", a process which samples and stores facial details and expressions at high resolution, then capture expressions from Reeves and Weaving using dense capture and multi-camera setup (similar to the bullet time rig) photogrammetric capture technique called optical flow. The algorithm for Universal Capture was written by George Borshukov, visual effects lead at ESC, who had also created the photo-realistic buildings for the visual effects in The Matrix. With this collected wealth of data and the right algorithms, they finally were able to create virtual cinematography in which characters, locations, and events can all be created digitally and viewed through virtual cameras, eliminating the restrictions of real cameras, years of compositing data, and replacing the use of still camera arrays or, in some scenes, cameras altogether. The ESC team rendered the final effects using the program Mental Ray.
Music
Don Davis, who composed for The Matrix, returned to score Reloaded. For many of the pivotal action sequences, such as the "Burly Brawl", he collaborated with Juno Reactor. Some of the collaborative cues by Davis and Juno Reactor are extensions of material by Juno Reactor; for example, a version of "Komit" featuring Davis' strings is used during a flying sequence, and "Burly Brawl" is essentially a combination of Davis' unused "Multiple Replication" and a piece similar to Juno Reactor's "Masters of the Universe". One of the collaborations, "Mona Lisa Overdrive", is titled in reference to the cyberpunk novel of the same name by William Gibson, a major influence on the directors.
Leitmotifs established in The Matrix return — such as the Matrix main theme, Neo and Trinity's love theme, the Sentinel's theme, Neo's flying theme, and a more frequent use of the four-note Agent Smith theme — and others used in Revolutions are established.
As with its predecessor, many tracks by external musicians are featured in the movie, its closing credits, and the soundtrack album, some of which were written for the film. Many of the musicians featured, for example Rob Zombie, Rage Against the Machine and Marilyn Manson, had also appeared on the soundtrack for The Matrix. Rob Dougan also re-contributed, licensing the instrumental version of "Furious Angels", as well as being commissioned to provide an original track, ultimately scoring the battle in the Merovingian's chateau. A remixed version of "Slap It" by electronic artist Fluke — listed on the soundtrack as "Zion" — was used during the rave scene.
Linkin Park contributed their instrumental song "Session" to the film as well, although it did not appear during the course of the film. P.O.D. composed a song called "Sleeping Awake", with a music video which focused heavily on Neo, as well as many images that were part of the film. Both songs played during the film's credits.
It was originally planned for the electronic band Röyksopp to create the soundtrack, but this offer was turned down.
Reception
Box office
The Matrix Reloaded earned an estimated $5 million during Wednesday night previews in the United States and Canada. It grossed $37.5 million on its Thursday opening day from 3,603 theaters, which was the second highest opening day after Spider-Mans $39.4 million and highest for a Thursday. The film earned $91.7 million in the United States and Canada in its first weekend from 3,603 theaters and $134.3 million in its first 4 days, including the previews. The film held the number #1 spot on opening weekend, taking the position from X2. This would be handed to Bruce Almighty, which would be later dethroned by Finding Nemo. The opening weekend represented roughly 60% of that weekend's box-office tally, but some box-office prognosticators noted it fell short of lofty expectations set by some in the industry.
Internationally, The Matrix Reloaded opened in 13 territories, including Australia and France, and grossed $37.5 million in its first week. It expanded to most international territories (62) the following weekend, except Japan and India, and became the first movie to earn more than $100 million outside the U.S. in one weekend, taking its overseas total to $176 million and worldwide total to $385 million. It ultimately grossed $281.6 million in the US, and $739.4 million worldwide. The film sold an estimated 46,695,900 tickets in North America. Following re-releases, the worldwide gross of the film is $741.8 million.
Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 73% based on 246 reviews, and an average score of 6.80/10. The site's critical consensus states: "Though its heady themes are a departure from its predecessor, The Matrix Reloaded is a worthy sequel packed with popcorn-friendly thrills." On Metacritic the film has a weighted average score 62 out of 100 based on 40 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale, a grade down from the "A-" earned by the previous film.
Positive comments from critics included commendation for the quality and intensity of its action sequences, and its intelligence. Tony Toscano of Talking Pictures had high praise for the film, saying that "its character development and writing...is so crisp it crackles on the screen" and that "Matrix Reloaded re-establishes the genre and even raises the bar a notch or two" above the first film, The Matrix. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times also commended the film, giving it three and a half stars out of four. He described it as "an immensely skillful sci-fi adventure, combining the usual elements: heroes and villains, special effects and stunts, chases and explosions, romance and oratory" and praised the fact that "it develops its world with more detail than the first movie was able to afford, gives us our first glimpse of the underground human city of Zion, burrows closer to the heart of the secret of the Matrix, and promotes its hero, Neo, from confused draftee to a Christ figure in training." He also compared the choreography of the "Burly Brawl" fight to that of Yuen Woo-ping in the 2000 film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, and called the scene "one of the three great set pieces in the movie" (along with Morpheus' announcement to the people of Zion and the freeway chase).
Negative comments included the sentiment that the plot was alienating, with some critics regarding the focus on the action as a detriment to the film's human elements. Some critics thought that the number of scenes with expository dialogue worked against the film, and the many unresolved subplots, as well as the cliffhanger ending, were also criticized. Other criticisms included the film's perceived lack of pacing. Entertainment Weekly named it as one of "The 25 Worst Sequels Ever Made".
Awards
Censorship
The film was initially banned in Egypt because of the violent content and because it put into question issues about human creation, "which are related to the three divine religions."
Home media
The Matrix Reloaded was released on VHS and DVD on October 14, 2003. A Blu-ray release followed on September 7, 2010. The Matrix Reloaded was released as a part of The Matrix Trilogy on 4K UHD Blu-ray on October 30, 2018.
See also
Simulated reality
List of films featuring powered exoskeletons
Notes
References
External links
2000s action thriller films
2000s English-language films
2003 martial arts films
2003 science fiction action films
2003 films
2003 science fiction films
American action thriller films
American films
American science fiction action films
American science fiction thriller films
American sequel films
Cyberpunk films
Drone films
Films about mathematics
Films about rebellions
Films about telepresence
Films directed by The Wachowskis
Films produced by Joel Silver
Films scored by Don Davis (composer)
Films shot in California
Films shot in Sydney
Films with screenplays by The Wachowskis
French-language films
Gun fu films
Kung fu films
Martial arts science fiction films
Resurrection in film
Warner Bros. films
Silver Pictures films
The Matrix (franchise) films
Village Roadshow Pictures films
Films about computer hacking | [
0.09456240385770798,
0.21401841938495636,
-0.166965514421463,
0.030355865135788918,
-0.46087613701820374,
0.1708061248064041,
0.28469833731651306,
-0.48068350553512573,
0.1127081960439682,
0.37254855036735535,
-0.03818279877305031,
0.9326851963996887,
-0.4716137945652008,
-0.17949022352695465,
0.2663935124874115,
0.12264448404312134,
0.09824249893426895,
-0.13014650344848633,
-0.3015018403530121,
-0.41089239716529846,
0.20481476187705994,
-0.0031677610240876675,
1.0267751216888428,
0.3500664532184601,
-0.3477427363395691,
0.6566665768623352,
-0.05982612818479538,
-0.08619201183319092,
-0.7075122594833374,
-0.08965732157230377,
-0.019705750048160553,
-0.13977666199207306,
-0.2607167661190033,
-0.49680885672569275,
0.3141075074672699,
0.3744335174560547,
-0.20861488580703735,
0.5840494632720947,
-0.11049042642116547,
-0.7264471054077148,
0.2208566516637802,
0.018891409039497375,
0.002573304111137986,
-0.012925460003316402,
-0.0880764052271843,
-0.19924354553222656,
-1.3570994138717651,
-0.08248715847730637,
-1.430376648902893,
-0.6048933863639832,
0.31232425570487976,
0.5855636596679688,
0.4050372540950775,
0.16423390805721283,
0.17032134532928467,
0.6817417144775391,
-0.742225170135498,
-0.45832520723342896,
-0.10022763907909393,
-0.19896674156188965,
0.3040285110473633,
-0.17973729968070984,
-0.21147632598876953,
-0.3246966302394867,
-0.018122626468539238,
-0.22790409624576569,
0.012598922476172447,
0.6475105881690979,
0.26140525937080383,
-0.6661808490753174,
-0.01937037892639637,
-0.26789140701293945,
0.27787724137306213,
-0.10537787526845932,
-0.3993372619152069,
-0.27722156047821045,
0.6035420298576355,
0.3435632288455963,
-0.28920894861221313,
0.15470491349697113,
0.49789804220199585,
0.3292730748653412,
0.7746288180351257,
0.6145588159561157,
-0.43995144963264465,
-0.25161561369895935,
-0.09693856537342072,
-0.2906882166862488,
-0.2347407341003418,
0.6307132244110107,
-1.227848768234253,
-0.06220041587948799,
0.6338515877723694,
0.9168825149536133,
0.6030281186103821,
-0.45389214158058167,
-0.5978609919548035,
0.07751741260290146,
0.6575120687484741,
0.4672323167324066,
0.3807641267776489,
0.5853648781776428,
0.04969829320907593,
-0.4278017580509186,
-0.24282683432102203,
-0.29547029733657837,
-0.19796359539031982,
-0.7655266523361206,
0.1664266139268875,
0.3396212160587311,
0.009499645791947842,
0.40202397108078003,
-0.241564080119133,
-0.3603549003601074,
-0.13189591467380524,
0.6274408102035522,
0.2370394766330719,
-0.07378312945365906,
-0.2649294435977936,
0.5924926996231079,
0.2270258665084839,
0.5038585066795349,
0.028540367260575294,
0.5022768378257751,
-0.19617076218128204,
0.5195668339729309,
0.5144674777984619,
0.250083863735199,
-0.3749684989452362,
0.19177047908306122,
-0.07217182964086533,
0.622309684753418,
-0.23375755548477173,
0.5046473741531372,
-0.46202361583709717,
-0.7001521587371826,
0.7595672011375427,
-0.14425864815711975,
-0.28900137543678284,
-0.2874416410923004,
-0.4367905259132385,
-0.46024972200393677,
-0.43541961908340454,
-0.40381285548210144,
0.34309282898902893,
-0.1560717076063156,
0.05418291687965393,
-0.25959694385528564,
-0.04908859357237816,
-0.2457849085330963,
0.03424326330423355,
-0.06649411469697952,
0.20211362838745117,
-1.0726234912872314,
-0.2941476106643677,
0.8848909735679626,
0.34926536679267883,
-0.21331840753555298,
-0.25816312432289124,
0.03748704120516777,
-0.02989385835826397,
0.6287374496459961,
-0.08087599277496338,
-0.5111662149429321,
-0.13798929750919342,
-0.479545921087265,
0.34207722544670105,
-0.37410011887550354,
0.9386371374130249,
-0.5228590369224548,
-0.716967761516571,
0.16872674226760864,
0.012909970246255398,
0.2935393750667572,
0.02948075905442238,
0.09047868847846985,
1.1167224645614624,
1.0410698652267456,
0.1418224424123764,
-0.10758527368307114,
-0.42121461033821106,
0.4771983325481415,
-0.008408826775848866,
-0.26225465536117554,
0.8389052748680115,
0.04575508460402489,
0.21920737624168396,
-0.3515276312828064,
0.11640024930238724,
0.3843885064125061,
-0.5421062707901001,
-0.10914206504821777,
0.031198635697364807,
-0.15700912475585938,
1.2426354885101318,
-0.36234959959983826,
-1.097969651222229,
0.5214940905570984,
-0.1806311309337616,
1.0121177434921265,
-0.5788626074790955,
0.11429234594106674,
0.5094842314720154,
0.1621844619512558,
0.04007550701498985,
-0.22465001046657562,
0.21750925481319427,
0.36483943462371826,
0.4022584855556488,
0.7182046175003052,
0.01616598106920719,
-0.1648014485836029,
-0.08754526823759079,
0.27740320563316345,
0.5369526743888855,
0.15224778652191162,
-0.8756038546562195,
0.03096713311970234,
-0.13896460831165314,
0.03413131460547447,
0.8543881773948669,
0.18843625485897064,
-0.21268914639949799,
0.3263278305530548,
-0.35256507992744446,
1.2568755149841309,
0.05487479269504547,
-0.26684120297431946,
0.20448781549930573,
-0.32814398407936096,
0.1501265913248062,
1.0894054174423218,
-0.6076012849807739,
0.14276878535747528,
-0.18780730664730072,
-0.009793809615075588,
0.5689155459403992,
-0.349834680557251,
-0.4825389087200165,
-0.4263031780719757,
0.3730657994747162,
-0.0337735116481781,
-0.03709462285041809,
-0.18882836401462555,
0.1832607090473175,
-0.08905709534883499,
0.25314757227897644,
0.08874917030334473,
-0.29969239234924316,
-0.06374579668045044,
0.12089241296052933,
0.13236822187900543,
0.3602038025856018,
0.3033198416233063,
0.732826292514801,
0.03382258117198944,
-0.5634730458259583,
-0.3633585572242737,
0.2612297236919403,
-0.05821407586336136,
0.36434459686279297,
0.2636203467845917,
0.28757166862487793,
-0.09852028638124466,
-0.1635681390762329,
-0.23209618031978607,
-0.32776492834091187,
0.07902894169092178,
0.2212347388267517,
0.3190825879573822,
-0.11886833608150482,
-0.2202095240354538,
-0.3654058277606964,
0.1746961921453476,
0.12966932356357574,
-0.18696226179599762,
-0.40977054834365845,
0.036066167056560516,
-0.15401522815227509,
-0.42909038066864014,
0.43416306376457214,
0.8106091618537903,
0.25632962584495544,
-0.003518245881423354,
-0.26849332451820374,
0.22181449830532074,
-0.26563477516174316,
-0.3123219907283783,
-0.31866714358329773,
-0.4292188882827759,
-0.23631229996681213,
-0.27253106236457825,
-0.3533109724521637,
0.005301512312144041,
0.16195468604564667,
0.25938141345977783,
-0.18334323167800903,
-0.22179032862186432,
0.3265732228755951,
0.5709869265556335,
0.05211619660258293,
0.9351295828819275,
-0.4933558404445648,
0.13508500158786774,
0.13521690666675568,
-0.6955158114433289,
-0.41886600852012634,
-0.3618896007537842,
-5.647511959075928,
0.3081725537776947,
-0.15145465731620789,
0.40309938788414,
0.5080299973487854,
0.2791340947151184,
0.06970278173685074,
-0.12815691530704498,
0.20134542882442474,
-0.038611624389886856,
-0.4934660494327545,
0.18474040925502777,
-0.18114715814590454,
0.484771192073822,
0.31043678522109985,
0.07047394663095474,
0.6016059517860413,
0.23512086272239685,
0.1152733564376831,
0.05463329330086708,
0.11018076539039612,
-0.4487864673137665,
-0.43277955055236816,
-0.22585108876228333,
-0.21096886694431305,
0.525980532169342,
-0.3344743251800537,
0.835360050201416,
-0.2442149519920349,
0.10982684046030045,
-0.28307777643203735,
-0.06966052949428558,
-0.4364270269870758,
-0.4404074251651764,
-0.1409480720758438,
0.33312174677848816,
0.39580148458480835,
-0.10296554863452911,
0.7225406765937805,
-0.8098250031471252,
-0.03730817884206772,
0.27826622128486633,
0.02020288072526455,
-0.031225496903061867,
1.1376246213912964,
-0.3748030960559845,
-0.6847583055496216,
-0.13262808322906494,
0.0812368243932724,
0.33327049016952515,
0.4277438521385193,
-0.3117341101169586,
0.14702534675598145,
0.7073032259941101,
0.12710240483283997,
-0.3836517333984375,
-0.010108204558491707,
0.30886000394821167,
0.36242321133613586,
0.563383936882019,
0.2657661437988281,
-0.540462076663971,
-0.3033372461795807,
-0.15056338906288147,
0.07986893504858017,
-0.5033987164497375,
-0.22013095021247864,
-0.22747935354709625,
0.02691231109201908,
0.1231875866651535,
-0.3948809504508972,
0.7057806253433228,
-0.31201040744781494,
-0.8435859084129333,
0.30983033776283264,
-0.05785569176077843,
-0.15371619164943695,
0.043933603912591934,
-0.6009881496429443,
-0.012184977531433105,
0.28567594289779663,
-0.3237447142601013,
0.2772666811943054,
-0.09729963541030884,
0.13775308430194855,
0.10409171879291534,
-0.2778205871582031,
0.16496993601322174,
-0.3682278096675873,
0.1918921321630478,
0.4170483946800232,
-0.7982745170593262,
-0.5275644063949585,
0.5719229578971863,
0.20960721373558044,
0.25959038734436035,
0.3385189473628998,
-0.16026051342487335,
0.7320806980133057,
0.07590834051370621,
0.13954046368598938,
-0.42590653896331787,
0.43244093656539917,
-0.6773113012313843,
-0.3214247226715088,
-0.7562906742095947,
-0.27877572178840637,
0.6711016297340393,
-0.10824619978666306,
-0.22167283296585083,
-0.2321852594614029,
-0.06958771497011185,
-0.2028363049030304,
-0.4941823184490204,
0.6691114902496338,
0.36409956216812134,
-0.325113981962204,
0.28909748792648315,
0.33066996932029724,
0.6473175883293152,
-0.4475511312484741,
0.3000034689903259,
-0.47588050365448,
-0.16269615292549133,
-0.12785837054252625,
0.1963406801223755,
0.23939190804958344,
0.370989054441452,
0.1355891227722168,
-0.07450248301029205,
-0.49704983830451965,
-0.11510524898767471,
-0.052721716463565826,
0.5342703461647034,
0.08866576850414276,
-1.2549527883529663,
-0.30552154779434204,
0.1576245278120041,
-0.1489945650100708,
0.34275761246681213,
0.2566130757331848,
-0.00742160202935338,
0.14795982837677002,
0.42453819513320923,
-0.09203576296567917,
-0.3177870213985443,
0.17720086872577667,
-0.4591888189315796,
-0.6148867011070251,
0.021744612604379654,
0.12842437624931335,
-0.5915226340293884,
0.7096018195152283,
-0.4785956144332886,
0.41157230734825134,
-0.001377343782223761,
0.26021867990493774,
0.28260526061058044,
0.30691665410995483,
-0.693793773651123,
0.8460394144058228,
0.0264222864061594,
-0.8754079937934875,
0.11343738436698914,
-0.16732071340084076,
0.08162239193916321,
0.08135679364204407,
-1.0297085046768188,
-0.38305097818374634,
0.4770849943161011,
0.2658778131008148,
0.18907542526721954,
-0.472339928150177,
-0.2491154670715332,
0.4405756890773773,
0.36890333890914917,
-0.055346082895994186,
-0.45881491899490356,
0.40096235275268555,
-0.3309372663497925,
0.018035506829619408,
-0.026170551776885986,
-0.26149535179138184,
-0.21080467104911804,
0.4192637503147125,
-0.29648858308792114,
-0.06518995016813278,
-0.6641638875007629,
-0.5968060493469238,
-0.6522730588912964,
0.031190676614642143,
0.1605129837989807,
0.5847896933555603,
-0.1885501742362976,
-0.43885964155197144,
-0.5481429100036621,
0.19269384443759918,
0.7473160028457642,
-0.4496125876903534,
-0.24742433428764343,
0.2801221013069153,
0.7747766971588135,
0.05350285768508911,
0.45333510637283325,
0.8401686549186707,
-0.45191147923469543,
-0.03436877951025963,
0.4494827687740326,
-0.19677895307540894,
0.4110383987426758,
-0.21412916481494904,
-0.3869105577468872,
-0.26172080636024475,
-0.2307288646697998,
-0.1669795960187912,
0.06393778324127197,
-0.028718631714582443,
-0.2510407567024231,
-0.4978369474411011,
0.016587359830737114,
-0.8570590615272522,
-0.07051339745521545,
-0.528516948223114,
-0.38973745703697205,
-1.194628119468689,
0.06972689181566238,
0.29816949367523193,
-0.38711413741111755,
-0.015831930562853813,
-0.2732927203178406,
-0.41058093309402466,
-0.18103885650634766,
-0.11034287512302399,
-0.12060325592756271,
0.012776241637766361,
0.2838662564754486,
-0.23251385986804962,
0.40033701062202454,
-0.05408487096428871,
-0.03434637933969498,
0.03467847779393196,
0.4692712724208832,
0.5733824372291565,
-0.007799651939421892,
0.21185344457626343,
0.4395925998687744,
-0.23162025213241577,
0.439986914396286,
-0.8866173624992371,
0.4489383101463318,
0.2055431306362152,
0.047729797661304474,
-0.31931599974632263,
-0.5309011936187744,
0.6290379762649536,
-1.0791507959365845,
0.17567211389541626,
-0.3696848154067993,
-0.23507538437843323,
0.05662251263856888,
0.09954402595758438,
-0.008066682144999504,
-0.900007426738739,
-0.12645938992500305,
0.19955316185951233,
0.17192725837230682,
0.5987398624420166,
-0.704753577709198,
0.13119839131832123,
-0.09984008967876434,
-0.27299460768699646,
0.03055749088525772,
-0.2525467574596405,
0.6434034705162048,
-0.011912365444004536,
0.04442361742258072,
-0.23682983219623566,
-0.3918765187263489,
0.0006822010618634522,
-0.28382524847984314,
-0.06249852105975151,
0.7489396333694458,
-0.3828219771385193,
-0.16806042194366455,
0.24014906585216522,
-0.5196654200553894,
0.18428142368793488,
0.05320805311203003,
0.17298294603824615,
0.642869234085083,
-0.8021212816238403,
0.2958686053752899,
-0.0676584541797638,
-0.05910399183630943,
0.35149985551834106,
-0.4863351583480835,
0.19809971749782562,
0.16650289297103882,
-0.5393297672271729,
-0.3233775198459625,
-0.03525618091225624,
0.6932913661003113,
0.015940967947244644,
-0.44572076201438904,
0.1216164380311966,
0.13024505972862244,
0.2388456165790558,
0.04324212297797203,
-0.409859299659729,
0.4420391619205475,
-0.12233133614063263,
-0.503022313117981,
0.4216686189174652,
0.32036152482032776,
-0.08236461877822876,
0.3215833604335785,
0.9515594244003296,
-0.3387430012226105,
-0.12554948031902313,
0.09014228731393814,
-0.07329629361629486,
0.0876132994890213,
0.6178097724914551,
-0.47887295484542847,
-0.3860982656478882,
0.16019505262374878,
0.16090472042560577,
-0.013691462576389313,
0.016258105635643005,
0.2305455356836319,
0.4137220084667206,
-0.3199717700481415,
-0.34693780541419983,
-0.002792167942970991,
-0.1748093217611313,
0.1304541379213333,
0.6433941721916199,
-0.3164452016353607,
0.07014256715774536,
0.7108832001686096,
0.31111156940460205,
0.9155430793762207,
0.08491235971450806,
0.316607266664505,
-0.36494532227516174,
0.15693271160125732,
0.3102496564388275,
-0.2555294930934906,
0.43704354763031006,
0.10210338234901428,
-0.2112143337726593,
0.3446861207485199,
-0.31773287057876587,
-0.5355005264282227,
0.524259626865387,
-0.6044980883598328,
0.251626193523407,
-0.014132136479020119,
0.22642013430595398,
-0.26531746983528137,
-0.07447083294391632,
-0.27203917503356934,
-0.17392194271087646,
-0.040262311697006226,
0.023889878764748573,
-0.1540146768093109,
0.24755331873893738,
0.07902053743600845,
0.22431343793869019,
-0.08635172247886658,
-0.35128089785575867,
0.8737262487411499,
-0.23707377910614014,
-0.11387144029140472,
0.7167505025863647,
0.1665320247411728,
-0.05032556504011154,
-0.03998657688498497,
-0.398962140083313,
0.3477247357368469,
0.3268580734729767,
0.19872625172138214,
-0.43086013197898865,
-0.26152902841567993,
0.3700251877307892,
0.15769867599010468,
0.36490312218666077,
0.24656911194324493,
0.3993200361728668,
-0.8682407736778259,
0.13794386386871338,
-0.6544542908668518,
-0.3806763291358948,
-0.11702325940132141,
-0.4567663371562958,
-0.2649325728416443,
-0.16118274629116058,
0.3209651708602905,
-0.14756137132644653,
0.44335731863975525,
0.41788583993911743,
0.3974219560623169,
0.20610590279102325,
0.6577566266059875,
-0.3185490667819977,
0.16657792031764984,
-0.9955571293830872,
-0.11782996356487274,
-1.1539177894592285,
0.558892011642456,
0.25313863158226013,
-0.3925296366214752,
-0.36156660318374634,
0.08604692667722702,
-0.23935985565185547,
-0.3222629427909851,
0.35334622859954834,
-0.08339368551969528,
0.042466819286346436,
0.11492769420146942,
-0.41490474343299866,
-0.1366622895002365,
0.09469182044267654,
0.2548518776893616,
-0.4650878608226776,
-0.3538942039012909,
0.6908119320869446,
-0.7712790966033936,
-0.2788720428943634,
0.18366992473602295,
-0.06632760167121887,
0.2969801425933838,
-0.32294055819511414,
0.09837218374013901,
0.16395772993564606,
-0.9819035530090332,
0.4866921007633209,
0.1924637407064438,
0.8567475080490112,
-0.05939721316099167,
0.10589541494846344,
-0.4137471616268158,
0.31910526752471924,
-0.37526997923851013,
-0.7189011573791504,
0.08297746628522873,
-0.6541979908943176,
0.17814873158931732,
-0.1695762276649475,
0.5016827583312988,
-0.36146700382232666,
-0.12522491812705994,
0.21881859004497528,
-0.4069039225578308,
-0.341990202665329,
0.43711698055267334,
-0.3772328197956085,
-0.1110779419541359,
0.059434518218040466,
-0.6070518493652344
]
|
123418 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transdifferentiation | Transdifferentiation | Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, is an artificial process in which one mature somatic cell is transformed into another mature somatic cell without undergoing an intermediate pluripotent state or progenitor cell type. It is a type of metaplasia, which includes all cell fate switches, including the interconversion of stem cells. Current uses of transdifferentiation include disease modeling and drug discovery and in the future may include gene therapy and regenerative medicine. The term 'transdifferentiation' was originally coined by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 to describe a change in cell properties as cuticle producing cells became salt-secreting cells in silk moths undergoing metamorphosis.
Discovery
Davis et al. 1987 reported the first instance (sight) of transdifferentiation where a cell changed from one adult cell type to another. Forcing mouse embryonic fibroblasts to express MyoD was found to be sufficient to turn those cells into myoblasts.
Natural examples
The only known instances where adult cells change directly from one lineage to another occurs in the species Turritopsis dohrnii (which is also known as the immortal jellyfish) and Turritopsis Nutricula (the protozoan which makes the immortal jellyfish immortal). Rather, cells dedifferentiate and then redifferentiate into the cell type of interest. In newts when the eye lens is removed, pigmented epithelial cells de-differentiate and then redifferentiate into the lens cells. Vincenzo Colucci described this phenomenon in 1891 and Gustav Wolff described the same thing in 1894; the priority issue is examined in Holland (2021). In the pancreas, it has been demonstrated that alpha cells can spontaneously switch fate and transdifferentiate into beta cells in both healthy and diabetic human and mouse pancreatic islets. While it was previously believed that oesophageal cells were developed from the transdifferentiation of smooth muscle cells, that has been shown to be false.
Induced and therapeutic examples
The first example of functional transdifferentiation has been provided by Ferber et al. by inducing a shift in the developmental fate of cells in the liver and converting them into 'pancreatic beta-cell-like' cells. The cells induced a wide, functional and long-lasting transdifferentiation process that reduced the effects of hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. Moreover, the trans-differentiated beta-like cells were found to be resistant to the autoimmune attack that characterizes type 1 diabetes.
The second step was to undergo transdifferentiation in human specimens. By transducing liver cells with a single gene, Sapir et al. were able to induce human liver cells to transdifferentiate into human beta cells.
This approach has been demonstrated in mice, rat, xenopus and human tissues (Al-Hasani et al., 2013).
Schematic model of the hepatocyte-to-beta cell transdifferentiation process. Hepatocytes are obtained by liver biopsy from diabetic patient, cultured and expanded ex vivo, transduced with a PDX1 virus, transdifferentiated into functional insulin-producing beta cells, and transplanted back into the patient.
Granulosa and theca cells in the ovaries of adult female mice can transdifferentiate to Sertoli and Leydig cells via induced knockout of the FOXL2 gene. Similarly, Sertoli cells in the testes of adult male mice can transdifferentiate to granulosa cells via induced knockout of the DMRT1 gene.
Methods
Lineage-instructive approach
In this approach, transcription factors from progenitor cells of the target cell type are transfected into a somatic cell to induce transdifferentiation. There exists two different means of determining which transcription factors to use: by starting with a large pool and narrowing down factors one by one or by starting with one or two and adding more. One theory to explain the exact specifics is that ectopic Transcriptional factors direct the cell to an earlier progenitor state and then redirects it towards a new cell type. Rearrangement of the chromatin structure via DNA methylation or histone modification may play a role as well. Here is a list of in vitro examples and in vivo examples. In vivo methods of transfecting specific mouse cells utilize the same kinds of vectors as in vitro experiments, except that the vector is injected into a specific organ. Zhou et al. (2008) injected Ngn3, Pdx1 and Mafa into the dorsal splenic lobe (pancreas) of mice to reprogram pancreatic exocrine cells into β-cells in order to ameliorate hyperglycaemia.
Initial epigenetic activation phase approach
Somatic cells are first transfected with pluripotent reprogramming factors temporarily (Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, etc.) before being transfected with the desired inhibitory or activating factors. Here is a list of examples in vitro.
Pharmacological agents
The DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-azacytidine is also known to promote phenotypic transdifferentiation of cardiac cells to skeletal myoblasts.
In prostate cancer, treatment with androgen receptor targeted therapies induces neuroendocrine transdifferentiation in a subset of patients. No standard of care exists for these patients, and those diagnosed with treatment induced neruoendocrine carcinoma are typically treated palliatively.
Mechanism of action
The transcription factors serve as a short term trigger to an irreversible process. The transdifferentiation liver cells observed 8 months after one single injection of pdx1.
The ectopic transcription factors turn off the host repertoire of gene expression in each of the cells. However, the alternate desired repertoire is being turned on only in a subpopulation of predisposed cells. Despite the massive dedifferentiation – lineage tracing approach indeed demonstrates that transdifferentiation originates in adult cells.
Mogrify algorithm
Determining the unique set of cellular factors that is needed to be manipulated for each cell conversion is a long and costly process that involved much trial and error. As a result, this first step of identifying the key set of cellular factors for cell conversion is the major obstacle researchers face in the field of cell reprogramming. An international team of researchers have developed an algorithm, called Mogrify(1), that can predict the optimal set of cellular factors required to convert one human cell type to another. When tested, Mogrify was able to accurately predict the set of cellular factors required for previously published cell conversions correctly. To further validate Mogrify's predictive ability, the team conducted two novel cell conversions in the laboratory using human cells, and these were successful in both attempts solely using the predictions of Mogrify. Mogrify has been made available online for other researchers and scientists.
Issues
Evaluation
When examining transdifferentiated cells, it is important to look for markers of the target cell type and the absence of donor cell markers which can be accomplished using green fluorescent protein or immunodetection. It is also important to examine the cell function, epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome profiles. Cells can also be evaluated based upon their ability to integrate into the corresponding tissue in vivo and functionally replace its natural counterpart. In one study, transdifferentiating tail-tip fibroblasts into hepatocyte-like cells using transcription factors Gata4, Hnf1α and Foxa3, and inactivation of p19(Arf) restored hepatocyte-like liver functions in only half of the mice using survival as a means of evaluation.
Transition from mouse to human cells
Generally transdifferentiation that occurs in mouse cells does not translate in effectiveness or speediness in human cells. Pang et al. found that while transcription factors Ascl1, Brn2 and Myt1l turned mouse cells into mature neurons, the same set of factors only turned human cells into immature neurons. However, the addition of NeuroD1 was able to increase efficiency and help cells reach maturity.
Order of transcription factor expression
The order of expression of transcription factors can direct the fate of the cell. Iwasaki et al. (2006) showed that in hematopoietic lineages, the expression timing of Gata-2 and (C/EBPalpha) can change whether or not a lymphoid-committed progenitors can differentiate into granulocyte/monocyte progenitor, eosinophil, basophil or bipotent basophil/mast cell progenitor lineages.
Immunogenicity
It has been found for induced pluripotent stem cells that when injected into mice, the immune system of the synergeic mouse rejected the teratomas forming. Part of this may be because the immune system recognized epigenetic markers of specific sequences of the injected cells. However, when embryonic stem cells were injected, the immune response was much lower. Whether or not this will occur within transdifferentiated cells remains to be researched.
Method of transfection
In order to accomplish transfection, one may use integrating viral vectors such as lentiviruses or retroviruses, non-integrating vectors such as Sendai viruses or adenoviruses, microRNAs and a variety of other methods including using proteins and plasmids; one example is the non-viral delivery of transcription factor-encoding plasmids with a polymeric carrier to elicit neuronal transdifferentiation of fibroblasts. When foreign molecules enter cells, one must take into account the possible drawbacks and potential to cause tumorous growth. Integrating viral vectors have the chance to cause mutations when inserted into the genome. One method of going around this is to excise the viral vector once reprogramming has occurred, an example being Cre-Lox recombination Non-integrating vectors have other issues concerning efficiency of reprogramming and also the removal of the vector. Other methods are relatively new fields and much remains to be discovered.
Pluripotent reprogramming
Almost all factors that reprogram cells into pluripotency have been discovered and can turn a wide variety of cells back into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). However, many of the reprogramming factors that can change a cell's lineage have not been discovered and these factors apply only for that specific lineage.
The final products of transdifferentiated cells are capable of being used for clinical studies, but iPSCs must be differentiated.
It may become possible in the future to use transdifferentiation in vivo, whereas pluripotent reprogramming may cause teratomas in vivo.
Transdifferentiated cells will require less epigenetic marks to be reset, whereas pluripotent reprogramming requires nearly all to be removed, which may become an issue during redifferentiation.
Transdifferentiation is geared towards moving between similar lineages, whereas pluripotent reprogramming has unlimited potential.
Pluripotent cells are capable of self-renewal and often go through many cell passages, which increases the chance of accumulating mutations. Cell culture may also favor cells that are adapted for surviving under those conditions, as opposed to inside an organism. Transdifferentiation requires fewer cell passages and would reduce the chance of mutations.
Transdifferentiation can also be much more efficient than pluripotency reprogramming due to the extra step involved in the latter process.
Both pluripotent and transdifferentiated cells use adult cells, thus starting cells are very accessible, whereas human embryonic stem cells require that one navigate legal loopholes and delve into the morality of stem cell research debate.
See also
Epigenetics
Induced pluripotent stem cell
Induced stem cells
Reprogramming
References
Biological processes
Induced stem cells | [
0.11637783795595169,
-0.6900407671928406,
-0.14610344171524048,
0.22293563187122345,
0.3523266911506653,
0.09291398525238037,
0.1671312302350998,
-0.061682622879743576,
-0.12084729224443436,
-0.3045833110809326,
-0.3380696475505829,
-0.16200730204582214,
-0.7072798013687134,
0.3555738925933838,
-0.345112144947052,
-0.006959413178265095,
0.29853886365890503,
0.3788045644760132,
0.099232017993927,
-0.47772300243377686,
-0.29960572719573975,
-0.01632854714989662,
-0.009923850186169147,
-0.10933496803045273,
0.10150708258152008,
-0.4679317772388458,
0.18069292604923248,
-0.6319916248321533,
0.02596900798380375,
0.23767292499542236,
0.0891018807888031,
-0.03789478540420532,
-0.13611724972724915,
-0.002642808249220252,
-0.1722985953092575,
0.18448251485824585,
-0.35497957468032837,
-0.3204856514930725,
-0.23672737181186676,
-0.12550696730613708,
-0.040360286831855774,
-0.31402212381362915,
-0.2428835928440094,
0.059972818940877914,
-0.5696272253990173,
-0.3711700737476349,
-1.0213302373886108,
0.37345725297927856,
-0.27944234013557434,
-0.3031351864337921,
-0.5164341330528259,
-0.2774667739868164,
0.038010258227586746,
0.5731989741325378,
0.1523989737033844,
0.23754309117794037,
-0.734885036945343,
-0.1365988850593567,
0.35634222626686096,
-0.8705163598060608,
0.13767051696777344,
-0.0874008759856224,
-0.3237486481666565,
0.20782212913036346,
0.10400000214576721,
0.09822415560483932,
0.1693040281534195,
-0.019884157925844193,
-0.32455742359161377,
-0.9435657858848572,
-0.032198548316955566,
0.16449333727359772,
0.3485041558742523,
0.22381001710891724,
-0.4183565378189087,
-0.09733966737985611,
-0.036695446819067,
-0.08000826090574265,
0.23407699167728424,
-0.32055458426475525,
-0.32631736993789673,
0.44549715518951416,
-0.21566323935985565,
-0.12751729786396027,
0.521622896194458,
-0.3085823059082031,
-0.3741770386695862,
0.5590373873710632,
-0.48437267541885376,
0.08099167793989182,
0.10915295779705048,
-0.19870492815971375,
0.3133946359157562,
0.20669162273406982,
0.05952628329396248,
0.33432018756866455,
0.0882757157087326,
-0.5359817147254944,
-0.0844389796257019,
0.24101513624191284,
-0.4807613790035248,
0.06234251335263252,
0.128617063164711,
-0.8493607640266418,
-0.03972211480140686,
-0.7052756547927856,
0.2838900089263916,
-0.08817900717258453,
0.21954981982707977,
-0.21983712911605835,
-0.646604597568512,
-0.03750264272093773,
-0.4454459249973297,
0.04628937318921089,
-0.6816366910934448,
0.16470731794834137,
0.06360303610563278,
0.13569015264511108,
0.08400535583496094,
0.19355665147304535,
0.2447509765625,
1.0770564079284668,
-0.1954720914363861,
-0.31751036643981934,
-0.4598824977874756,
0.006130611523985863,
0.42046549916267395,
0.3231697380542755,
-0.8697307109832764,
0.21585488319396973,
-0.1333063244819641,
0.8497220277786255,
-0.12218055874109268,
0.6709274649620056,
0.04058508574962616,
-0.3347665071487427,
0.6970183253288269,
-0.05644199624657631,
0.5382102727890015,
0.13285215198993683,
-0.5854137539863586,
-0.18190552294254303,
-0.21473972499370575,
0.13127800822257996,
0.1818055808544159,
-0.4006948471069336,
0.20684994757175446,
-0.24974270164966583,
0.2765689790248871,
-0.20878975093364716,
-0.11090467870235443,
0.009121389128267765,
-0.22415882349014282,
-0.3974487781524658,
-0.020773861557245255,
-0.08887122571468353,
0.3174809217453003,
-0.015840699896216393,
-0.0503772608935833,
0.3956303000450134,
0.4091818928718567,
-0.11639498919248581,
-0.40326988697052,
0.07804591208696365,
0.2765144109725952,
-0.3453900218009949,
0.5327065587043762,
0.8990370631217957,
-0.25409871339797974,
-0.3916390836238861,
0.023815710097551346,
-0.2206999957561493,
0.39596015214920044,
-0.29397353529930115,
-0.27095553278923035,
0.2188452035188675,
0.20520959794521332,
0.17295008897781372,
0.1451953798532486,
-0.40496963262557983,
-0.642108678817749,
0.24289508163928986,
-0.0017374163726344705,
-0.1990671455860138,
0.16983731091022491,
0.10797246545553207,
0.23404595255851746,
0.16517606377601624,
-0.4442945420742035,
-0.2280159443616867,
-0.25047123432159424,
-0.2629394829273224,
0.22620998322963715,
-0.9991614818572998,
0.9362402558326721,
-0.19765673577785492,
-0.11138496547937393,
1.2440847158432007,
-0.2536727488040924,
-0.11978976428508759,
-0.15121322870254517,
-0.19077901542186737,
0.48367395997047424,
0.06998848170042038,
0.1115821897983551,
0.3827718198299408,
0.1604546308517456,
-0.0451800599694252,
0.8880168199539185,
-0.017183056101202965,
0.46398138999938965,
-0.34949034452438354,
-0.04855071008205414,
0.18477414548397064,
0.037047795951366425,
-0.10682504624128342,
-0.851345419883728,
-0.11046337336301804,
-0.3828204572200775,
-0.27338093519210815,
0.4159184992313385,
-0.4543461501598358,
0.2065710723400116,
0.6973912119865417,
-0.2929780185222626,
0.8769005537033081,
0.3841855227947235,
-0.030967744067311287,
0.8525286316871643,
-0.15190696716308594,
0.15501879155635834,
-0.32045692205429077,
-0.007184954825788736,
0.004880190826952457,
0.24661916494369507,
0.5788858532905579,
0.6633493304252625,
-0.07243473827838898,
-0.11134552955627441,
0.0004322341410443187,
-0.4687764048576355,
0.558796226978302,
-0.153566375374794,
-0.2222052663564682,
0.15728801488876343,
0.25752270221710205,
0.17631040513515472,
0.37544935941696167,
-0.5306215882301331,
-0.06890712678432465,
0.0540880411863327,
0.6407727599143982,
0.06790812313556671,
-0.49600645899772644,
0.4606932997703552,
0.05156070739030838,
0.1155756413936615,
0.07447279989719391,
0.10225227475166321,
-0.17573310434818268,
0.3454934060573578,
0.06810972094535828,
-0.1404423862695694,
-0.21278251707553864,
-0.22886133193969727,
-0.5132527947425842,
-0.6080012917518616,
0.16340811550617218,
1.3852888345718384,
0.31992611289024353,
0.5793517827987671,
-0.0429590605199337,
-0.7012929916381836,
0.320323646068573,
-0.6985959410667419,
-0.4250994324684143,
-0.029631871730089188,
0.14494512975215912,
0.260419100522995,
-0.12181977927684784,
-0.2104465365409851,
0.1147473081946373,
0.19040577113628387,
-0.10551530122756958,
-0.2599935531616211,
-0.2613050937652588,
-0.27739396691322327,
-0.0650901347398758,
0.5416555404663086,
-0.3197932541370392,
-0.1505141407251358,
0.578329861164093,
0.18153715133666992,
-0.10184016078710556,
-0.050890881568193436,
0.025058194994926453,
-0.13941605389118195,
0.3008843958377838,
0.3881720304489136,
0.46484917402267456,
-0.5993403196334839,
-0.5071045756340027,
-0.04938865453004837,
0.1816215217113495,
-0.126039519906044,
-0.016688067466020584,
-0.028888577595353127,
0.25209444761276245,
-5.9694695472717285,
0.355049192905426,
0.07440714538097382,
0.2471504956483841,
0.1860533356666565,
-0.21716268360614777,
0.7051748037338257,
0.399000346660614,
-0.5185738801956177,
0.16035284101963043,
-0.13141734898090363,
0.22222508490085602,
-0.32324138283729553,
0.3328506350517273,
0.055598847568035126,
-0.06561495363712311,
-0.30371567606925964,
-0.17434433102607727,
0.40703749656677246,
0.2512153387069702,
-0.5867397785186768,
-0.16879743337631226,
0.3910388946533203,
0.44325774908065796,
-0.11501574516296387,
0.21271297335624695,
-0.7832000851631165,
-0.21834449470043182,
-0.38680946826934814,
-0.23409460484981537,
-0.11124872416257858,
-0.5360349416732788,
0.2508540451526642,
-0.006867093965411186,
-0.0193177442997694,
0.23586797714233398,
0.21544192731380463,
0.3655070960521698,
-0.03520643338561058,
-0.6090110540390015,
0.3549162745475769,
0.1250022053718567,
-0.12480447441339493,
-0.10632871091365814,
0.12897756695747375,
0.3287486732006073,
-0.037359125912189484,
0.1027490496635437,
-0.24639098346233368,
0.8739309906959534,
-0.20410548150539398,
-0.04122678562998772,
0.531591534614563,
0.06761717796325684,
0.2659439742565155,
-0.2971121668815613,
0.17730802297592163,
-0.5267512202262878,
-0.5794781446456909,
0.30050337314605713,
0.06063344329595566,
-0.4967961013317108,
-0.18029502034187317,
-0.7503757476806641,
-0.04224233329296112,
0.08904177695512772,
-0.8384466171264648,
-0.24853965640068054,
0.7221919894218445,
0.5993962287902832,
-0.4808657765388489,
0.2686094045639038,
0.5153763890266418,
-0.6463364958763123,
0.3530266284942627,
-0.15381622314453125,
-0.009972565807402134,
-0.11840038746595383,
0.20057706534862518,
0.34417441487312317,
-0.22111229598522186,
0.08561187237501144,
0.2284085750579834,
-0.1620112806558609,
0.42936795949935913,
-0.5065823793411255,
-0.46882206201553345,
0.1272052824497223,
-0.4509943425655365,
0.16586551070213318,
0.41141477227211,
0.06954669952392578,
0.25782009959220886,
-0.02311563305556774,
-0.05874067544937134,
0.3420507311820984,
-0.28614071011543274,
1.0734509229660034,
0.39468100666999817,
0.08201735466718674,
0.5089442133903503,
-0.003022967604920268,
-0.4050874710083008,
-0.7904472351074219,
-0.32206928730010986,
-0.09697195887565613,
-0.7605656981468201,
0.6926381587982178,
0.20103178918361664,
-0.49848416447639465,
-0.15115608274936676,
0.4307200312614441,
-0.2513882517814636,
-0.41751402616500854,
0.017160503193736076,
0.4591009318828583,
-0.48935920000076294,
0.050565894693136215,
1.071083426475525,
-0.25872403383255005,
0.29475006461143494,
0.16717295348644257,
-0.7196052670478821,
0.38983917236328125,
-0.026364363729953766,
-0.18690893054008484,
-0.22604668140411377,
1.029073715209961,
-0.09242332726716995,
-0.48311784863471985,
0.39175546169281006,
0.33635249733924866,
-0.319929838180542,
-0.13244345784187317,
0.16878919303417206,
-0.6155688762664795,
-0.25689876079559326,
0.586222231388092,
-0.2958124577999115,
-0.5862597823143005,
0.7261980175971985,
-0.5811485648155212,
0.031807366758584976,
0.20883695781230927,
0.05742782726883888,
0.21377922594547272,
-0.14014053344726562,
0.05630619451403618,
0.03796205669641495,
-0.09308025985956192,
0.25019317865371704,
-0.5791293978691101,
0.21579860150814056,
-0.5429572463035583,
0.1404590904712677,
0.2104499340057373,
0.4469396471977234,
-0.11396034806966782,
0.5394958257675171,
-0.3237108290195465,
-0.14073528349399567,
-0.2020210325717926,
-0.19553251564502716,
-0.27536535263061523,
-0.30422601103782654,
0.07533060014247894,
-0.4489818513393402,
-0.3574713468551636,
-0.44523271918296814,
0.3119662404060364,
-0.897246778011322,
-0.14444924890995026,
-0.1859961450099945,
-0.26222163438796997,
0.3038763701915741,
0.10527325421571732,
0.2836695611476898,
0.13029424846172333,
0.0799470841884613,
-0.0911005362868309,
0.06746312975883484,
-0.4015830159187317,
-0.2929181754589081,
0.44672977924346924,
0.8154628276824951,
0.1238318458199501,
-0.001481887069530785,
0.08486471325159073,
-0.5093830227851868,
0.05925445258617401,
-0.157159686088562,
0.6153205633163452,
-0.0030686305835843086,
-0.3774459660053253,
-0.019696395844221115,
-0.12090852111577988,
-0.2987097501754761,
0.9028288722038269,
-0.05131639540195465,
-0.4162369966506958,
0.5886385440826416,
0.45181772112846375,
0.06500837206840515,
0.1258137971162796,
0.8287048935890198,
-0.11101417988538742,
-0.23604649305343628,
0.0792122334241867,
-0.18952201306819916,
-0.053402796387672424,
-0.00962892733514309,
-0.6429000496864319,
-0.5284054279327393,
-0.03631437197327614,
0.03696021810173988,
0.10244587063789368,
0.0042282938957214355,
-0.31551963090896606,
-0.0981268584728241,
0.14205686748027802,
0.21987378597259521,
0.19698229432106018,
0.3012527525424957,
-0.09213903546333313,
-0.15422050654888153,
-0.23367799818515778,
0.26612159609794617,
-0.6933246850967407,
0.36534664034843445,
0.16283994913101196,
-0.06454209238290787,
-0.39274612069129944,
-0.36126503348350525,
0.0935245007276535,
0.17787301540374756,
-0.354800820350647,
0.09805160760879517,
0.3882211744785309,
-0.3983244299888611,
-0.14374332129955292,
0.5243517756462097,
0.20925289392471313,
-0.1426018476486206,
0.14798115193843842,
-0.6801440715789795,
0.9390167593955994,
0.13674408197402954,
-0.4956231415271759,
-0.21398042142391205,
-0.021013829857110977,
0.3575889766216278,
-0.13193972408771515,
-0.09102588891983032,
0.5988170504570007,
1.0825833082199097,
0.2958538234233856,
0.19593362510204315,
-0.5230400562286377,
0.11695072054862976,
0.2865901291370392,
-0.20056754350662231,
-0.25071924924850464,
-0.01718541979789734,
0.07161595672369003,
0.5223194360733032,
0.06084001809358597,
-0.014548673294484615,
0.3430280387401581,
0.2759503722190857,
0.1518898457288742,
0.16196590662002563,
-0.07988642901182175,
0.6011842489242554,
0.647129237651825,
-0.15276935696601868,
0.33390751481056213,
0.04126575589179993,
0.5085847973823547,
-0.3427387773990631,
-0.17318224906921387,
-0.24705541133880615,
-0.6552811861038208,
0.279035359621048,
-0.27429237961769104,
0.1501905620098114,
-0.5937077403068542,
0.47278881072998047,
-0.6820407509803772,
0.09084510058164597,
-0.13423952460289001,
-0.41181978583335876,
-0.12068554759025574,
-0.041484151035547256,
0.007125073578208685,
-0.0890699103474617,
0.06855795532464981,
-0.2598833739757538,
0.1728634238243103,
-0.37497851252555847,
-0.4060077667236328,
-0.2287319153547287,
0.03612295910716057,
0.3275777995586395,
-0.9887361526489258,
-0.15814049541950226,
0.47179603576660156,
0.40516215562820435,
-0.3581150472164154,
-0.2862369120121002,
-0.12734286487102509,
0.49179807305336,
0.01722205989062786,
0.28140607476234436,
-0.18563705682754517,
0.07593730092048645,
0.03006855957210064,
0.3158375918865204,
-0.5558890104293823,
0.03654520586133003,
0.1515742689371109,
0.2548447251319885,
0.6200852394104004,
0.09579216688871384,
-0.4191006124019623,
-0.1002582460641861,
0.06133272871375084,
0.1832023411989212,
-0.0017020163359120488,
0.02963332273066044,
0.45154887437820435,
0.6715307235717773,
0.3281639814376831,
-0.1845507025718689,
0.948009729385376,
0.3143216371536255,
-0.6961416602134705,
0.18950393795967102,
0.0016592306783422828,
-0.11403036117553711,
0.5585443377494812,
0.17692279815673828,
0.7959066033363342,
-0.5656369924545288,
0.3258732557296753,
0.15815295279026031,
0.24316202104091644,
0.5295215249061584,
0.705014169216156,
-0.1521558165550232,
0.3402532637119293,
0.17098881304264069,
-0.7148483395576477,
-0.06074569374322891,
0.1349819004535675,
-0.2813553214073181,
-0.2045363485813141,
0.6563267111778259,
-0.5076380372047424,
0.008573348633944988,
-0.4641335904598236,
-0.24480821192264557,
0.4931039810180664,
0.13337190449237823,
0.08252833038568497,
0.4485185146331787,
-0.38755396008491516,
0.2683917284011841,
-0.36667516827583313,
0.2694564759731293,
-0.25337737798690796,
0.5067000389099121,
0.12128928303718567,
0.15382733941078186,
-0.1316896378993988,
0.362354576587677,
-0.18042032420635223,
-0.09284546226263046,
0.4527040719985962,
-0.49663105607032776,
-0.11555525660514832,
-0.5371313095092773,
0.19518651068210602,
0.2990519404411316,
-0.4529293179512024,
-0.04754853621125221,
-0.16178038716316223,
0.13169465959072113,
-0.4605969786643982,
-0.635132908821106,
0.22956080734729767,
0.32945674657821655,
-1.0823129415512085,
0.0054593998938798904,
-0.1316981464624405,
0.33489537239074707,
-0.0730588436126709,
0.17267963290214539,
0.1964508593082428,
0.22359305620193481,
0.14450977742671967,
0.1541786789894104,
0.4055353105068207,
0.31991177797317505,
-0.10801228880882263,
-0.5617827773094177,
0.6194701194763184,
-0.33801141381263733,
-0.36158058047294617,
-0.4722661077976227,
-0.11179602891206741,
1.1169847249984741,
-0.04623184725642204,
-0.2992836833000183,
0.33140021562576294,
0.5659985542297363,
0.5703920125961304,
-0.13550998270511627,
-0.4488765001296997,
-0.18548287451267242,
-0.35696297883987427,
-0.05514543876051903,
-0.003813421819359064,
0.5237696766853333,
0.09627138823270798,
-0.5798486471176147,
0.22950981557369232,
0.7023922801017761,
0.17462493479251862,
-0.7031275033950806,
0.6835799217224121,
-0.4149973690509796,
0.15279193222522736,
-0.4203149378299713,
0.2888045012950897,
-0.3980284333229065,
-0.14168383181095123,
-0.4838484227657318,
-0.259280800819397,
0.06432382017374039,
-0.3207676410675049,
-0.08165556192398071,
0.3190426826477051,
0.41121572256088257,
0.26645153760910034,
0.21831057965755463,
-0.08978401124477386,
-0.3432627320289612,
-0.596072256565094,
-0.7616263031959534,
-0.3004549443721771,
0.2659894824028015,
0.1439477801322937,
-0.11916659027338028,
0.14291279017925262,
-0.11789657175540924,
0.27295631170272827,
-0.08045120537281036,
-0.18548431992530823,
-0.40486592054367065,
0.6571189165115356
]
|
123422 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alas%2C%20Babylon | Alas, Babylon | Alas, Babylon is a 1959 novel by American writer Pat Frank (the pen name of Harry Hart Frank). It was one of the first apocalyptic novels of the nuclear age and has remained popular more than half a century after it was first published, consistently ranking in Amazon.com's Top 20 Science Fiction Short Stories list (which groups together short story collections and novels) and has an entry in David Pringle's book Science Fiction: The 100 Best Novels. The novel deals with the effects of a nuclear war on the fictional small town of Fort Repose, Florida, which is based upon the actual city of Mount Dora, Florida. The novel's title is derived from the Book of Revelation: "Alas, alas, that great city Babylon, that mighty city! for in one hour is thy judgment come." The cover art for the Bantam paperback edition was made by Robert Hunt.
Plot
The story is set in a fictional 1959, following two years of escalating tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union for dominance in the Middle East and in the Mediterranean Sea. The Soviets are menacing Turkey from three sides through their proxies in Egypt, Syria and Iraq in order to gain control of the Bosporus and give free passage to their large Mediterranean fleet. To counteract the Soviet menace the United States established a military presence in Lebanon and are providing aid to their Turkish and Israeli allies.
As detailed in the book, the Soviets gained a temporary space supremacy through the launch of a massive fleet of militarized Sputniks; moreover, they are aware that, within three or four years, the United States will cover the gap. Intelligence from a Soviet officer who defected in Berlin provided information about a Soviet war plan involving a sudden, overwhelming nuclear first strike on U.S. and NATO military and civilian targets, in order to minimize retaliation and become the leading world power. According to the leaked war plan the Soviet leadership considers acceptable the loss of 20 to 30 million of their own civilian population due to the retaliatory strike by NATO.
Narration follows the point of view of Randy Bragg, who lives an aimless life in the small Central Florida town of Fort Repose. His older brother, Colonel Mark Bragg, an Air Force Intelligence officer, sends a telegram ending in the words, "Alas, Babylon", a pre-established code between the brothers to warn of imminent disaster. Mark flies his family down to Fort Repose for their protection while he stays at Strategic Air Command headquarters at Offutt Air Force Base in Omaha, Nebraska.
Soon afterward, a U.S. fighter pilot, attempting to intercept an enemy plane over the Mediterranean, inadvertently destroys an ammunition depot in a large Soviet submarine base in Latakia, Syria. The explosion is mistaken for a large-scale U.S. air assault on the military facility and, by the following day, the Soviet Union retaliates with its planned full-scale nuclear strike against the United States and its allies. With Mark as a witness, U.S. missiles are sent in retaliation. Randy and his guests awake to the shaking from the bombing of nearby military bases; one explosion temporarily blinds Peyton, Randy's niece.
Fort Repose descends into chaos: tourists are trapped in their hotels, communication lines fail, the CONELRAD radio system barely operates, convicts escape from prisons and a run on the banks makes currency worthless.
In the weeks and months after the attack sporadic news gathered through an old but still-functioning vacuum tube radio receiver show that many major cities of the U.S. are in ruins and vast regions of the Continental United States are labeled by the government as off-limits, "contaminated zones". The whole of Florida is among the contaminated areas, leaving the stranded survivors of Fort Repose without hope of immediate assistance. Most of the government has been eliminated, with the U.S. presidency defaulting to Josephine Vanbruuker-Brown, the former Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare.
Other international broadcasts reveal that Western Europe was badly hit by Soviet missiles as well (a dire situation in southern France is mentioned). Soviet leadership was eliminated by U.S. retaliation and the capital of the Soviet Union was moved to Central Asia, but war still rages for months after the attack, although it is fought mostly between the remnants of U.S. Air Force and scattered Soviet Navy nuclear submarines.
Since Randy was an Army Reserve officer before the Soviet attack, a radio dispatch by President Vanbruuker-Brown formally empowers him as the local authority under the current emergency situation. Randy then organizes a community self-defense team against bandits and tries to rid the community of radioactive jewellery taken into Fort Repose from the radioactive ruins of Miami. The search for alternative food sources is also prominent in the months following the attack, leading to the launch of a rag-tag fleet of fishing boats to sift the surrounding swamps for fish and to a desperate search for the much-needed salt.
The following year, an Air Force helicopter arrives at Fort Repose. The crew assess the status of the residents and the local environment, explaining that the area around Fort Repose is perhaps the largest patch of non-contaminated soil in the whole State of Florida and that, after all, the survivors of Fort Repose managed to fare better than many other places in the U.S. Randy also learns that his brother Mark has most likely died when Omaha and Offutt Base were destroyed by multiple hits.
When the crew of the helicopter offer to evacuate the residents out of Florida, the residents choose to stay.
It is finally revealed that the United States formally won the war, but at a tremendous cost: the country lost most of its population (45 million survivors are estimated overall), its military, its infrastructure and most of its natural resources (ironically, the government is planning to use the large stockpiles of military-grade uranium and plutonium left from the war to power the surviving towns and cities). The U.S. is now receiving food, fuel and medicine aid from third-world countries such as Thailand, Indonesia and Venezuela. Apparently, the "Three Greats" (deliberately left unclear but likely India, China and Japan) have taken the role of world leading powers in place of U.S. and Soviet Union.
Reception
Galaxy reviewer Floyd C. Gale gave the novel a mixed review, rating it three stars out of five and concluding: "Frank stopped too soon with too little."
Effects of the novel on others
People
John Lennon, known for his pacifist views, and for his books, In His Own Write (1964) and A Spaniard in the Works (1965), was given a copy of Alas, Babylon by journalist Larry Kane in 1965. Lennon spent all night reading the book, fueling his anti-war fervor and envisioning the world's population attempting to crawl their way back from the horrors of a nuclear catastrophe.
Literature
In his critical study The Modern Weird Tale (2001), S. T. Joshi compares Alas, Babylon favourably with Stephen King's The Stand, calling the former "a more interesting treatment of the same basic theme."
In the foreword of the 2005 edition of Alas, Babylon, David Brin notes that the book was instrumental in shaping his views on nuclear war and influenced his own book, The Postman (1982).
In the acknowledgements section at the beginning of his post-apocalyptic novel One Second After (2009), William R. Forstchen credits Alas, Babylon as an influence in writing his novel about the small town of Black Mountain, North Carolina. The novel is set in a time after numerous electromagnetic pulses strike around the world, cutting off all sources of electricity to the town, and depicts the ensuing aftermath of sociological breakdown.
John Ringo's 2013 Under a Graveyard Sky, the first in his Black Tide Rising series, starts with an emergency code using the phrase "AlasBabylon." Frank's book is referenced as the characters' inspiration for that code, and is briefly synopsized.
Adaptations
An adaptation of Alas, Babylon was broadcast on April 3, 1960, as the 131st episode of the Playhouse 90 dramatic television series. It starred Don Murray, Burt Reynolds, and Rita Moreno.
See also
List of nuclear holocaust fiction
Survivalism
References
External links
Pat Frank’s ‘Alas, Babylon,’ 50 years later in The Florida Times-Union
1959 American novels
1959 science fiction novels
American science fiction novels
American post-apocalyptic novels
Novels set during World War III
Novels set in Florida
J. B. Lippincott & Co. books
Novels about nuclear war and weapons
American novels adapted into television shows
Novels by Pat Frank | [
-0.3491227328777313,
0.36488956212997437,
-0.592566728591919,
-0.2066594958305359,
-0.03328276425600052,
0.28795334696769714,
-0.016263838857412338,
0.21837911009788513,
-0.09752452373504639,
-0.2664855420589447,
-0.22248625755310059,
-0.022001249715685844,
0.005169982556253672,
0.7916055917739868,
0.2890421152114868,
0.32592353224754333,
-0.052650704979896545,
0.19900469481945038,
-0.4794018566608429,
-0.39902207255363464,
0.2834787964820862,
0.06994207948446274,
0.8181818127632141,
0.12768077850341797,
-0.06159783899784088,
-0.05238641798496246,
0.6512713432312012,
-0.47754690051078796,
-0.4795163869857788,
0.3887622058391571,
-0.3482389450073242,
-0.17801913619041443,
0.04627116024494171,
-0.5906331539154053,
-0.0347263477742672,
-0.03803817555308342,
-0.49626174569129944,
0.04041321575641632,
-0.08439680933952332,
-0.3204279839992523,
-0.2506013810634613,
-0.39328187704086304,
0.5661197304725647,
0.3096112906932831,
-0.23894961178302765,
-0.31751152873039246,
-1.1174882650375366,
0.390910267829895,
-0.9417561292648315,
-0.5507336258888245,
0.028097501024603844,
-0.16026638448238373,
0.702642023563385,
0.010891864076256752,
0.022277643904089928,
0.7772519588470459,
-0.6119566559791565,
-0.12141191214323044,
0.5155171751976013,
-0.2285979688167572,
0.8734676837921143,
0.5091404318809509,
0.3156058192253113,
0.5951489210128784,
0.4092983305454254,
0.35548633337020874,
-0.29282692074775696,
0.16369010508060455,
0.10570039600133896,
-0.32919809222221375,
-0.16212362051010132,
0.2942318022251129,
-0.02629399113357067,
0.3755093812942505,
-0.8616431951522827,
-0.4038098156452179,
0.1992374211549759,
0.029333453625440598,
0.04679757356643677,
0.38885003328323364,
-0.63433438539505,
-0.35327965021133423,
1.1340469121932983,
0.021022699773311615,
0.11304192245006561,
-0.38483700156211853,
-0.28977274894714355,
0.2420901656150818,
0.34467917680740356,
-0.2570042312145233,
-0.020934751257300377,
-0.4701618254184723,
-0.15535372495651245,
0.6060907244682312,
0.1399831473827362,
-0.5130393505096436,
0.22641539573669434,
0.3646426498889923,
-0.8885723352432251,
0.05201994255185127,
-0.2796313762664795,
0.8082441687583923,
0.7047070860862732,
-0.3754272758960724,
-0.06279617547988892,
-0.35783225297927856,
0.1918105185031891,
-0.016504058614373207,
0.7121245265007019,
0.15127155184745789,
-0.201149582862854,
0.9035413265228271,
0.10771738737821579,
0.12359064072370529,
-0.020435728132724762,
0.04936179891228676,
-0.02356247790157795,
-0.26177477836608887,
-0.6292444467544556,
-0.3590056598186493,
-0.052616361528635025,
1.1536157131195068,
0.3237088620662689,
0.21452315151691437,
-0.23984579741954803,
-0.03720257803797722,
0.20987620949745178,
-0.08554400503635406,
-0.7903478741645813,
0.24306119978427887,
0.5651796460151672,
0.6425979733467102,
-0.5534539818763733,
0.04070448502898216,
-0.30971282720565796,
-0.11501988023519516,
0.15500135719776154,
0.10357584059238434,
0.6045258641242981,
-0.3925122916698456,
-1.2209481000900269,
0.019551556557416916,
-0.232723668217659,
0.3401903212070465,
0.40764108300209045,
-0.23169678449630737,
0.4226309061050415,
-0.33859360218048096,
-0.13813750445842743,
-0.5876184105873108,
0.36693647503852844,
-0.06356735527515411,
-0.17827735841274261,
-0.1347743719816208,
-0.4254852533340454,
0.05648738890886307,
0.5607567429542542,
0.05233455449342728,
0.7532513737678528,
0.27593737840652466,
-0.02516140230000019,
0.3647002875804901,
0.6110209226608276,
0.08877983689308167,
-0.514518141746521,
-0.24064886569976807,
1.0448052883148193,
-0.033400483429431915,
0.455679714679718,
-0.3156358301639557,
-0.5846564173698425,
0.021500151604413986,
0.49097439646720886,
-0.433385968208313,
0.041240788996219635,
-0.05929374694824219,
0.9048103094100952,
0.42570704221725464,
-0.07789541780948639,
0.012778003700077534,
-0.6595377326011658,
0.3455629348754883,
-0.21804487705230713,
-0.8631168007850647,
0.20274515450000763,
0.08010053634643555,
0.11658304184675217,
0.15116918087005615,
-0.4546132981777191,
-0.06579083949327469,
-1.0298603773117065,
-0.6600787043571472,
0.32621508836746216,
0.17591381072998047,
0.5475512742996216,
0.16871273517608643,
-0.47678977251052856,
1.2806178331375122,
-0.10052475333213806,
1.214770793914795,
-0.12245912849903107,
0.33133259415626526,
0.22693602740764618,
0.021171148866415024,
0.13435323536396027,
0.28022411465644836,
-0.4359881579875946,
0.6932532787322998,
-0.037075888365507126,
0.6722344756126404,
0.30715838074684143,
-0.6928632259368896,
0.3158200979232788,
0.5087485909461975,
-0.2466718703508377,
-0.2913728356361389,
-0.1599835604429245,
0.08299234509468079,
0.09263352304697037,
0.02823588252067566,
0.8902862668037415,
-0.5901069045066833,
0.23632170259952545,
0.06722825020551682,
0.08151588588953018,
0.40858227014541626,
-0.11405884474515915,
-0.3630180060863495,
-0.29804369807243347,
-0.39140164852142334,
-0.2862623333930969,
0.3855648636817932,
-0.5196302533149719,
-0.12501996755599976,
0.16988195478916168,
-0.3268411457538605,
-0.11893214285373688,
-0.29116472601890564,
0.4621845483779907,
0.45527082681655884,
0.1783129721879959,
-0.34746235609054565,
0.40546345710754395,
0.1723787486553192,
0.42045626044273376,
0.14661647379398346,
0.2734862267971039,
-0.2078476995229721,
0.08753228932619095,
0.13928323984146118,
-0.3345862627029419,
0.5989412665367126,
0.397385835647583,
-0.06229102984070778,
-0.016023145988583565,
0.1758095771074295,
-0.3240624964237213,
-0.04257399961352348,
0.5922297239303589,
-0.2439390867948532,
-0.38928312063217163,
0.5237354636192322,
-0.09552346915006638,
-0.7782516479492188,
0.5227276086807251,
-0.6593947410583496,
-0.3610801696777344,
-0.7327563762664795,
0.6577937006950378,
0.4339337646961212,
0.12325484305620193,
-0.44316500425338745,
-0.15362969040870667,
0.3164907395839691,
-0.13790147006511688,
-0.17459797859191895,
0.0688042938709259,
-0.3731541931629181,
-0.6630808711051941,
-1.3289377689361572,
0.30639344453811646,
1.039642572402954,
0.323602557182312,
-0.4753102660179138,
-0.5489662885665894,
-0.4453149735927582,
0.6912274956703186,
-0.42980754375457764,
0.3273937404155731,
-0.016193054616451263,
-0.05531089007854462,
0.04162394627928734,
0.10298196226358414,
-0.0510675385594368,
-0.057350579649209976,
0.12595787644386292,
0.4793369174003601,
-0.44719043374061584,
-0.3717583119869232,
-0.137331023812294,
-0.848400890827179,
0.15602122247219086,
-0.9094822406768799,
0.3295992314815521,
1.0114502906799316,
0.06990999728441238,
0.06743849813938141,
0.39079174399375916,
-5.563709735870361,
-0.009793627075850964,
-0.07131226360797882,
0.09896010905504227,
0.27361226081848145,
-0.04646814614534378,
0.25655031204223633,
0.42357105016708374,
-0.431872695684433,
-0.45877280831336975,
-0.22845794260501862,
-0.22716622054576874,
0.1912197470664978,
0.706322193145752,
0.13041849434375763,
-0.18301273882389069,
0.29593130946159363,
0.06499459594488144,
-0.336909681558609,
0.0330953374505043,
-0.2806733250617981,
0.31487950682640076,
-0.2694709002971649,
-0.06879348307847977,
0.30648013949394226,
0.9056709408760071,
0.41133004426956177,
-0.033705227077007294,
-1.0136418342590332,
0.2066519856452942,
0.050539374351501465,
-0.39733508229255676,
0.3095308244228363,
0.13768385350704193,
-0.4703158736228943,
-0.07170421630144119,
0.4983597993850708,
-0.06881319731473923,
0.4709221124649048,
0.3650231957435608,
-0.3698263168334961,
-0.0009533513220958412,
-0.0886443629860878,
-0.3209969699382782,
-0.019874094054102898,
-0.08939158171415329,
-1.0124620199203491,
0.00957417581230402,
-0.044012367725372314,
0.4047703146934509,
0.07865267992019653,
-0.15136905014514923,
-0.02653629332780838,
0.5172136425971985,
0.07948298007249832,
0.0035515122581273317,
0.12350615859031677,
-0.24056141078472137,
-0.24032273888587952,
-0.0679139643907547,
0.49317458271980286,
-0.3006824553012848,
0.28260767459869385,
-0.38123494386672974,
0.34570634365081787,
-0.0628400668501854,
0.2570721209049225,
-0.2728080451488495,
-0.20243419706821442,
0.6143057346343994,
0.17783650755882263,
-0.21714374423027039,
0.1318519115447998,
-0.8115828633308411,
-0.5174046158790588,
-0.09490829706192017,
-0.600739061832428,
-0.4374694526195526,
-0.41918444633483887,
-0.1923380345106125,
-0.04395202919840813,
-0.7032013535499573,
-0.0100422203540802,
0.14600788056850433,
0.03125005587935448,
-0.8971000909805298,
-0.05043686553835869,
0.3212408125400543,
-0.8142973780632019,
-0.25416648387908936,
0.6224305629730225,
-0.45314016938209534,
-0.001766144298017025,
0.22153659164905548,
0.6433514356613159,
0.8777994513511658,
0.04982757568359375,
0.07499445229768753,
1.1029198169708252,
0.350818932056427,
-0.24156202375888824,
-0.7113785743713379,
0.46679094433784485,
-0.05573514103889465,
-0.1779777854681015,
-0.08383193612098694,
-0.3394673764705658,
0.6354449391365051,
0.41639232635498047,
-0.3795856833457947,
0.4001878499984741,
-0.07989409565925598,
0.029394885525107384,
-0.3613734245300293,
0.5032002925872803,
-0.21691876649856567,
0.8713447451591492,
0.520962655544281,
0.12757252156734467,
0.28908491134643555,
-0.28334420919418335,
0.3778904974460602,
-0.4809460937976837,
-0.25201043486595154,
-0.0857008546590805,
-0.31836313009262085,
0.4187719225883484,
0.1725103110074997,
-0.16683633625507355,
0.02213873714208603,
0.30327439308166504,
-0.3913990557193756,
0.35404130816459656,
-0.2506803274154663,
-0.5431230068206787,
-0.6187604665756226,
-1.1340653896331787,
-0.336234986782074,
-0.04705323278903961,
0.4183069169521332,
-0.4370087683200836,
-0.3612145185470581,
-0.2667352259159088,
0.29716354608535767,
0.1418551653623581,
-0.15256211161613464,
0.06737636774778366,
-0.19307170808315277,
-0.45484912395477295,
-0.12869742512702942,
-0.3433670699596405,
-0.03643086925148964,
1.0400002002716064,
-0.19418735802173615,
-0.278571754693985,
0.010686596855521202,
0.19282688200473785,
0.4881397783756256,
-0.6713270545005798,
0.18043091893196106,
-0.5669809579849243,
-0.96385258436203,
-0.5126773118972778,
0.36784419417381287,
-0.22256876528263092,
-0.08990214765071869,
-0.04194803535938263,
-0.9626923203468323,
-0.1702529937028885,
0.12951266765594482,
0.3071446418762207,
0.16204403340816498,
-0.09318923205137253,
-0.15100280940532684,
0.41484710574150085,
0.23595799505710602,
0.03579585254192352,
-0.2917977273464203,
0.0739508792757988,
-0.7868880033493042,
-0.5905003547668457,
0.5924032926559448,
-0.3345828354358673,
0.33376070857048035,
0.522204577922821,
0.023670801892876625,
-0.48543721437454224,
-0.22459982335567474,
-0.9435145854949951,
-0.1445591002702713,
0.10584983229637146,
0.2864072322845459,
0.26301997900009155,
-0.11636701226234436,
-0.47263777256011963,
-0.18584305047988892,
0.5292608737945557,
-0.19401070475578308,
-0.34002062678337097,
0.06878643482923508,
0.3390011787414551,
0.4989011883735657,
-0.16377350687980652,
0.11132243275642395,
0.14667248725891113,
-1.4786759614944458,
0.40638554096221924,
-0.19744186103343964,
-1.0034223794937134,
0.9761359095573425,
-0.18344904482364655,
-0.43016496300697327,
-0.27553391456604004,
0.6026507019996643,
0.013977881520986557,
-0.20889844000339508,
0.468375563621521,
-0.24299001693725586,
-0.2337409257888794,
-0.22151488065719604,
0.1262047439813614,
-0.2564777731895447,
-0.172748863697052,
-0.1320037543773651,
-1.1284284591674805,
-0.02145564928650856,
-0.08858160674571991,
-0.9643933773040771,
0.141034796833992,
-0.4730616509914398,
-0.037738021463155746,
0.5251646041870117,
0.0767296552658081,
-0.004607506562024355,
-0.005086759105324745,
-0.22153033316135406,
0.3502073585987091,
-0.2623891532421112,
-0.5236029624938965,
0.5067346692085266,
0.613859236240387,
0.4815753400325775,
0.8022375106811523,
-0.22603848576545715,
-0.06981302797794342,
0.2799348831176758,
-0.3964272737503052,
-0.4079259932041168,
-0.9545741677284241,
-0.26764270663261414,
0.31662818789482117,
-0.4705723226070404,
-0.6480156779289246,
-0.5487184524536133,
1.110933780670166,
-0.1016550213098526,
-0.11674099415540695,
-0.21635425090789795,
-0.32362741231918335,
0.4884888529777527,
-0.11369024962186813,
0.06512173265218735,
-0.0869792252779007,
0.3595346510410309,
0.33772948384284973,
0.4544825851917267,
0.2633656859397888,
-0.1423678696155548,
0.5153327584266663,
-0.410302072763443,
-0.2175561487674713,
-0.1566462218761444,
0.546907365322113,
0.3401969373226166,
-0.06556868553161621,
-0.007209518924355507,
0.283499151468277,
-0.2257498949766159,
0.4072827398777008,
-0.6204483509063721,
-0.39140474796295166,
0.4858222007751465,
-0.36935749650001526,
-0.6129776835441589,
-0.358359694480896,
-0.5322179794311523,
-0.2802080810070038,
-0.35704436898231506,
0.16897597908973694,
0.08433657884597778,
-0.20941047370433807,
0.12313872575759888,
0.3501008152961731,
0.2504065930843353,
0.25367796421051025,
0.6071648597717285,
0.014499062672257423,
0.27947989106178284,
-0.22663411498069763,
-0.43467700481414795,
-0.5077260732650757,
0.218767911195755,
0.0703815221786499,
-0.336773157119751,
0.6445028185844421,
0.1506199836730957,
0.28754520416259766,
0.2830294966697693,
-0.56226646900177,
0.29714691638946533,
0.35561177134513855,
-0.16885598003864288,
0.07223391532897949,
0.8483816981315613,
-0.16903172433376312,
0.04244700074195862,
0.6277105808258057,
-0.2118079662322998,
0.3000325560569763,
-0.03937557712197304,
0.0680689588189125,
0.36976635456085205,
0.7218959927558899,
-0.03641603887081146,
0.007000585086643696,
0.38530346751213074,
-0.3940872251987457,
0.3657485246658325,
0.29625996947288513,
-0.2701479494571686,
0.22284585237503052,
0.15836572647094727,
-0.6139181852340698,
0.33508822321891785,
-0.09785623103380203,
-0.49834463000297546,
0.02227252908051014,
-0.7887753248214722,
-0.021112574264407158,
0.4374428987503052,
0.3259284794330597,
0.0999644547700882,
0.23614618182182312,
-0.15959013998508453,
0.002754533663392067,
-0.09294471144676208,
0.016369471326470375,
0.3902486562728882,
0.12985971570014954,
0.09496954083442688,
-0.2880840599536896,
0.7301075458526611,
0.19252264499664307,
-0.8159406185150146,
0.30166247487068176,
-0.3950602412223816,
0.15884020924568176,
0.0019179533701390028,
0.010629060678184032,
-0.21700677275657654,
-0.2936447262763977,
0.17224183678627014,
0.07290395349264145,
0.0866258516907692,
-0.029796052724123,
-0.21863271296024323,
0.3401820957660675,
-0.3507644236087799,
-0.3517279326915741,
-0.02136322483420372,
1.087990641593933,
0.311458021402359,
-0.014164388179779053,
0.3574261963367462,
0.49573302268981934,
0.4288330674171448,
-0.044441115111112595,
0.18066394329071045,
-0.0932619497179985,
-0.28331106901168823,
0.0459856353700161,
-0.23085138201713562,
0.11478180438280106,
0.32681697607040405,
0.13848580420017242,
-0.13338994979858398,
-0.0767623707652092,
-0.17132534086704254,
-0.1673242449760437,
-0.6486165523529053,
0.3280561864376068,
-0.6674896478652954,
-0.5416799187660217,
0.06064910069108009,
-0.1095023825764656,
-0.23077097535133362,
-0.31317493319511414,
0.9437903761863708,
-0.5346439480781555,
0.15291541814804077,
0.5531637668609619,
0.027432512491941452,
0.7899590134620667,
0.6950405240058899,
-0.12888142466545105,
0.7556572556495667,
-0.6886279582977295,
0.45497867465019226,
-0.8568685054779053,
-0.09723947197198868,
-0.19425906240940094,
0.09083878993988037,
-0.17400707304477692,
0.5644059181213379,
-0.012146616354584694,
-0.6124034523963928,
-0.0750158280134201,
-0.14779220521450043,
0.2426297515630722,
0.10200183838605881,
-0.2615276277065277,
0.4216247797012329,
-0.0050561982207000256,
0.7989249229431152,
-0.27002623677253723,
0.4421750605106354,
0.2513846158981323,
0.22558341920375824,
-0.44727104902267456,
0.498049259185791,
0.23179124295711517,
-0.3727889955043793,
-0.008370622992515564,
-0.33107227087020874,
0.107213094830513,
0.24293288588523865,
0.38034650683403015,
0.32807111740112305,
-0.06650674343109131,
-0.9754099249839783,
-0.3676903545856476,
-0.29271581768989563,
0.19383619725704193,
0.031057793647050858,
-0.38242992758750916,
0.23709069192409515,
-0.791344404220581,
-0.4712683856487274,
-0.4460202157497406,
0.9479933977127075,
0.2798394560813904,
0.1419704556465149,
0.17627382278442383,
0.1224868968129158,
0.035828910768032074,
0.20802068710327148,
-0.3764970004558563,
-0.7813695669174194,
0.4126017689704895,
-0.13035957515239716
]
|
123427 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education%20in%20the%20United%20States | Education in the United States | Education in the United States is provided in public, private, and home schools. State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges, and universities. The bulk of the $1.3 trillion in funding comes from state and local governments, with federal funding accounting for only about $200 billion. Private schools are free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.
In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools, and roughly 3% were home-schooled.
By state law, education is compulsory over an age range starting between five and eight and ending somewhere between ages sixteen and eighteen, depending on the state. This requirement can be satisfied in public schools, state-certified private schools, or an approved home school program. In most schools, compulsory education is divided into three levels: elementary school, middle or junior high school, and high school. Children are usually divided by age groups into grades, ranging from kindergarten (5 to 6-year-olds) and first grade (6 to 7-year-olds) for the youngest children, up to twelfth grade (17 to 18-year-olds) as the final year of high school.
There is also a large number and wide variety of publicly and privately administered colleges and universities throughout the country. Post-secondary education is divided into college, as the first tertiary degree, and graduate school. Higher education includes extremely wealthy and selective universities, public research universities, private liberal arts colleges, historically black colleges and universities, community colleges, for-profit colleges, and many other kinds and combinations of institutions. College enrollment rates in the United States have increased over the long term. At the same time, student loan debt has also risen to $1.5 trillion. According to a 2016 report published by the U.S. News & World Report, of the top ten colleges and universities in the world, eight are American (the other two are Oxford and Cambridge, in the United Kingdom).
The United States spends more per student on education than any other country. In 2014, the Pearson/Economist Intelligence Unit rated U.S. education as 14th best in the world. The Programme for International Student Assessment coordinated by the OECD currently ranks the overall knowledge and skills of American 15-year-olds as 31st in the world in reading literacy, mathematics, and science with the average American student scoring 487.7, compared with the OECD average of 493. In 2014, the country spent 6.2 percent of its GDP on all levels of education – 1.0 percentage points above the OECD average of 5.2 percent. In 2017, 46.4 percent of Americans aged 25 to 64 attained some form of post-secondary education. 48 percent of Americans aged 25 to 34 attained some form of tertiary education, about 4 percent above the OECD average of 44 percent. 35 percent of Americans aged 25 and over have achieved a bachelor's degree or higher. The United States ranks 3rd from the bottom among OECD nations in terms of its poverty gap, and 4th from the bottom in terms of poverty rate.
History
19th century
Colonial New England encouraged its towns to support free public schools funded by taxation. In the early 19th century Massachusetts took the lead in education reform and public education with programs designed by Horace Mann that were widely emulated across the North. Teachers were specially trained in normal schools and taught the three Rs (of reading, writing, and arithmetic) and also history and geography. Public education was at the elementary level in most places. After the Civil War (1861–1865), the cities began building high schools. The South was far behind northern standards on every educational measure and gave weak support to its segregated all-black schools. However northern philanthropy and northern churches provided assistance to private black colleges across the South. Religious denominations across the country set up their private colleges. States also opened state universities, but they were quite small until well into the 20th century.
In 1823, Samuel Read Hall founded the first normal school, the Columbian School in Concord, Vermont, aimed at improving the quality of the burgeoning common school system by producing more qualified teachers.
During Reconstruction, the Office of Education was created in an attempt to standardize educational reform across the country. At the outset, the goals of the Office were to track statistical data on schools and provide insight into the educational outcomes of schools in each state. While supportive of educational improvement, the office lacked the power to enforce policies in any state. Educational aims across the states in the nineteenth century were broad, making it difficult to create shared goals and priorities. States like Massachusetts, with long-established educational institutions, had well-developed priorities in place by the time the Office of Education was established. In the South and the West, however, newly formed common school systems had different needs and priorities. Competing interests among state legislators limited the ability of the Office of Education to enact change.
In the mid-20th century, the rapidly increasing Catholic population led to the formation of parochial schools in the largest cities. Theologically oriented Episcopalian, Lutheran, and Jewish bodies on a smaller scale set up their own parochial schools. There were debates over whether tax money could be used to support them, with the answer typically being no. From about 1876, thirty-nine states passed a constitutional amendment to their state constitutions, called Blaine Amendments after James G. Blaine, one of their chief promoters, forbidding the use of public tax money to fund local parochial schools.
States passed laws to make schooling compulsory between 1852 (Massachusetts) and 1917 (Mississippi). They also used federal funding designated by the Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Acts of 1862 and 1890 to set up land grant colleges specializing in agriculture and engineering. By 1870, every state had free elementary schools, albeit only in urban centers. According to a 2018 study in the Economic Journal, states were more likely to adopt compulsory education laws during the Age of Mass Migration (1850–1914) if they hosted more European immigrants with lower exposure to civic values.
Following Reconstruction the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute was founded in 1881 as a state college, in Tuskegee, Alabama, to train "Colored Teachers," led by Booker T. Washington, (1856–1915), who was himself a freed slave. His movement spread, leading many other Southern states to establish small colleges for "Colored or Negro" students entitled "A. & M." ("Agricultural and Mechanical") or "A. & T." ("Agricultural and Technical"), some of which later developed into state universities. Before the 1940s, there were very few black students at private or state colleges in the North and almost none in the South.
Responding to the many competing academic philosophies being promoted at the time, an influential working group of educators, known as the Committee of Ten and established in 1892 by the National Education Association, recommended that children should receive twelve years of instruction, consisting of eight years of elementary education (in what were also known as "grammar schools") followed by four years in high school ("freshmen," "sophomores," "juniors," and "seniors").
Gradually by the late 1890s, regional associations of high schools, colleges and universities were being organized to coordinate proper accrediting standards, examinations, and regular surveys of various institutions in order to assure equal treatment in graduation and admissions requirements, as well as course completion and transfer procedures.
20th century
By 1910, 72 percent of children were attending school. Between 1910 and 1940 the high school movement resulted in a rapid increase in public high school enrollment and graduations. By 1930, 100 percent of children were attending school, excluding children with significant disabilities or medical concerns.
Private schools spread during this time, as well as colleges and – in the rural centers – land grant colleges also. In 1922 an attempt was made by the voters of Oregon to enact the Oregon Compulsory Education Act, which would require all children between the ages of 8 and 16 to attend public schools, only leaving exceptions for mentally or physically unfit children, exceeding a certain living distance from a public school, or having written consent from a county superintendent to receive private instruction. The law was passed by popular vote but was later ruled unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court in Pierce v. Society of Sisters, determining that "a child is not a mere creature of the state". This case settled the dispute about whether or not private schools had the right to do business and educate within the United States.
By 1938 there was a movement to bring education to six years of elementary school, four years of junior high school, and four years of high school.
During World War II, enrollment in high schools and colleges plummeted as many high school and college students—and teachers—dropped out to enlist or take war jobs.
The 1946 National School Lunch Act, in effect since it became law, provided low-cost or free school lunch meals to qualified low-income students through subsidies to schools based on the idea that a "full stomach" during the day supports class attention and studying.
The 1954 Supreme Court case Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas made racial desegregation of public elementary and high schools mandatory, although white families often attempted to avoid desegregation by sending their children to private secular or religious schools. In the years following this decision, the number of Black teachers rose in the North but dropped in the South.
In 1965, the far-reaching Elementary and Secondary Education Act ('ESEA'), passed as a part of President Lyndon B. Johnson's War on Poverty, provided funds for primary and secondary education ('Title I funding'). Title VI explicitly forbade the establishment of a national curriculum. Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 created the Pell Grant program which provides financial support to students from low-income families to access higher education.
In 1975, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act established funding for special education in schools.
The Higher Education Amendments of 1972 made changes to the Pell Grants. The 1975 Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA) required all public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical and mental disabilities. The 1983 National Commission on Excellence in Education report, famously titled A Nation at Risk, touched off a wave of local, state, and federal reform efforts, but by 1990 the country still spent only 2 percent of its budget on education, compared with 30 percent on support for the elderly. In 1990, the EHA was replaced with the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), which placed more focus on students as individuals, and also provided for more post-high school transition services.
21st century
The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, passed by a bipartisan coalition in Congress, provided federal aid to the states in exchange for measures to penalize schools that were not meeting the goals as measured by standardized state exams in mathematics and language skills. This made standardized testing a requirement. In the same year, the U.S. Supreme Court diluted some of the century-old "Blaine" laws upheld an Ohio law allowing aid to parochial schools under specific circumstances. The 2006 Commission on the Future of Higher Education evaluated higher education. In December 2015, President Barack Obama signed legislation replacing No Child Left Behind with the Every Student Succeeds Act.
The Great Recession of 2008–09 caused a sharp decline in tax revenues in all cities and states. The response was to cut education budgets. Obama's $800 billion stimulus package included $100 billion for public schools, which every state used to protect its education budget. In terms of sponsoring innovation, however, Obama and his Education Secretary Arne Duncan pursued K-12 education reform through the Race to the Top grant program. With over $15 billion of grants at stake, 34 states quickly revised their education laws according to the proposals of advanced educational reformers. In the competition, points were awarded for allowing charter schools to multiply, for compensating teachers on a merit basis including student test scores, and for adopting higher educational standards. There were incentives for states to establish college and career-ready standards, which in practice meant adopting the Common Core State Standards Initiative that had been developed on a bipartisan basis by the National Governors Association, and the Council of Chief State School Officers. The criteria were not mandatory, they were incentives to improve opportunities to get a grant. Most states revised their laws accordingly, even though they realized it was unlikely they would win a highly competitive new grant. Race to the Top had strong bipartisan support, with centrist elements from both parties. It was opposed by the left-wing of the Democratic Party, and by the right-wing of the Republican Party, and criticized for centralizing too much power in Washington. Complaints also came from middle-class families, who were annoyed at the increasing emphasis on teaching to the test, rather than encouraging teachers to show creativity and stimulating students' imagination.
In the 2010s, student loan debt became recognized as a social problem.
The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 forced schools to implement technology to transition to virtual meetings. Although the use of technology improves the grading process and the quality of information received, there is concern that online-only education disadvantages students without internet access, who disproportionately live in poor households, and that technology may make it harder for students to pay attention.
Statistics
In 2000, 76.6 million students had enrolled in schools from kindergarten through graduate schools. Of these, 72 percent aged 12 to 17 were considered academically "on track" for their age, i.e. enrolled in at or above grade level. Of those enrolled in elementary and secondary schools, 5.7 million (10%) were attending private schools.
Over 85 percent of the adult population have completed high school and 27 percent have received a bachelor's degree or higher. The average salary for college or university graduates is greater than $51,000, exceeding the national average of those without a high school diploma by more than $23,000, according to a 2005 study by the U.S. Census Bureau.
The 2010 unemployment rate for high school graduates was 10.8%; the rate for college graduates was 4.9%.
The country has a reading literacy rate of 99% of the population over age 15, while ranking below average in science and mathematics understanding compared to other developed countries. In 2014, a record high of 82% of high school seniors graduated, although one of the reasons for that success might be a decline in academic standards.
The poor performance has pushed public and private efforts such as the No Child Left Behind Act. In addition, the ratio of college-educated adults entering the workforce to general population (33%) is slightly below the mean of other developed countries (35%) and rate of participation of the labor force in continuing education is high. A 2000s (decade) study by Jon Miller of Michigan State University concluded that "A slightly higher proportion of American adults qualify as scientifically literate than European or Japanese adults".
In 2006, there were roughly 600,000 homeless students in the United States, but after the Great Recession this number more than doubled to approximately 1.36 million. The Institute for Child Poverty and Homelessness keeps track of state by state levels of child homelessness. As of 2017, 27% of U.S. students live in a mother-only household, 20% live in poverty, and 9% are non-English speaking.
The Human Rights Measurement Initiative finds that the United States is achieving 77.8% of what should be possible on the right to education at its level of income.
Test performance
The test scores of students attending U.S. public schools are lower than student scores in schools of other developed countries, in the areas of reading, math, and science.
Out of 21 industrialized countries, U.S. 12th graders ranked 19th in math, 16th in science, and last in advanced physics.
Educational stages
Formal education in the U.S. is divided into a number of distinct educational stages. Most children enter the public education system around ages five or six. Children are assigned into year groups known as grades.
The American school year traditionally begins at the end of August or early in September, after a traditional summer vacation or break. Children customarily advance together from one grade to the next as a single cohort or "class" upon reaching the end of each school year in late May or early June.
Depending upon their circumstances, children may begin school in pre-kindergarten, kindergarten, or first grade. Students normally attend 12 grades of study over 12 calendar years of primary/elementary and secondary education before graduating and earning a diploma that makes them eligible for admission to higher education. Education is mandatory until age 16 (18 in some states).
In the U.S., ordinal numbers (e.g., first grade) are used for identifying grades. Typical ages and grade groupings in contemporary, public, and private schools may be found through the U.S. Department of Education. Generally, there are three stages: elementary school (grades K/1–2/3/4/5/6), intermediate school (3/4–5/6), middle school / junior high school (grades 5/6/7–8/9), and high school / senior high school (grades 9/10–12). There is considerable variability in the exact arrangement of grades, as the following table indicates. Note that many people may not choose to attain higher education immediately after high school graduation, so the age of completing each level of education may vary. The table below shows the traditional education path of a student completing an undergraduate degree immediately after high school.
Variations
In K–12 education, sometimes students who receive failing grades are held back a year and repeat coursework in the hope of earning satisfactory scores on the second try.
High school graduates sometimes take one or more gap years before the first year of college, for travel, work, public service, or independent learning.
Many undergraduate college programs now commonly are five-year programs. This is especially common in technical fields, such as engineering. The five-year period often includes one or more periods of internship with an employer in the chosen field.
Of students who were freshmen in 2005 seeking bachelor's degrees at public institutions, 32% took four years, 12% took five years, 6% took six years, and 43% did not graduate within six years. The numbers for private non-profit institutions were 52% in four, 10% in five, 4% in six, and 35% failing to graduate.
Some undergraduate institutions offer an accelerated three-year bachelor's degree, or a combined five-year bachelor's and master's degrees. Many times, these accelerated degrees are offered online or as evening courses and are targeted mainly but not always for adult learners/non-traditional students.
Many graduate students do not start professional schools immediately after finishing undergraduate studies, but work for a time while saving up money or deciding on a career direction.
The National Center for Education Statistics found that in 1999–2000, 73% of people attending institutions of higher education were non-traditional students.
Early childhood education
Early childhood teaching in the U.S. relates to the teaching of children (formally and informally) from birth up to the age of eight. The education services are delivered via preschools and kindergartens.
Preschool
Preschool (sometimes called pre-kindergarten or jr. kindergarten) refers to non-compulsory classroom-based early-childhood education. The Head Start program is a federally funded early childhood education program for low-income children and their families founded in 1965 that prepares children, especially those of a disadvantaged population, to better succeed in school. However, limited seats are available to students aspiring to take part in the Head Start program. Many community-based programs, commercial enterprises, non-profit organizations, faith communities, and independent childcare providers offer preschool education. Preschool may be general or may have a particular focus, such as arts education, religious education, sports training, or foreign language learning, along with providing general education. In the United States, Preschool programs are not required, however they are encouraged by educators. Only 69 percent of 4-year-old American children are enrolled in preschool. Preschool age ranges anywhere from 3 to 5 years old. The curriculum for the day will consist of music, art, pretend play, science, reading, math, and other social activities.
K–12 education
Schooling is compulsory for all children in the United States, but the age range for which school attendance is required varies from state to state. Some states allow students to leave school between 14 and 17 with parental permission, before finishing high school; other states require students to stay in school until age 18. Public (free) education is typically from kindergarten to grade 12 (frequently abbreviated K–12). Children who do not comply with compulsory attendance laws without good cause are deemed to be truants, and they and their parents may be subject to various penalties under state law.
Most parents send their children to either a public or private institution. According to government data, one-tenth of students are enrolled in private schools. Approximately 85% of students enter the public schools, largely because they are tax-subsidized (tax burdens by school districts vary from area to area). School districts are usually separate from other local jurisdictions, with independent officials and budgets.
There are more than 14,000 school districts in the country, and more than $500 billion is spent each year on public primary and secondary education. Most states require that their school districts within the state teach for 180 days a year. In 2010, there were 3,823,142 teachers in public, charter, private, and Catholic elementary and secondary schools. They taught a total of 55,203,000 students, who attended one of 132,656 schools.
Most children begin elementary education with kindergarten (usually five to six years old) and finish secondary education with twelfth grade (usually 17–18 years old). In some cases, pupils may be promoted beyond the next regular grade. Parents may also choose to educate their own children at home; 1.7% of children are educated in this manner.
Around 523,000 students between the ages of 15 and 24 drop out of high school each year, a rate of 4.7 percent . In the United States, 75 percent of crimes are committed by high school dropouts. Around 60 percent of black dropouts end up spending time incarcerated. The incarceration rate for African-American male high school dropouts was about 50 times the national average .
States do not require reporting from their school districts to allow an analysis of efficiency of return on investment. The Center for American Progress commends Florida and Texas as the only two states that provide annual school-level productivity evaluations which report to the public how well school funds are being spent at the local level. This allows for a comparison of school districts within a state. In 2010, American students rank 17th in the world. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development says that this is due to focusing on the low end of performers. All of the recent gains have been made, deliberately, at the low end of the socioeconomic scale and among the lowest achievers. The country has been outrun, the study says, by other nations because the U.S. has not done enough to encourage the highest achievers.
About half of the states encourage schools to make their students recite the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag daily.
Teachers worked from about 35 to 46 hours a week, in a survey taken in 1993. In 2011, American teachers worked 1,097 hours in the classroom, the most for any industrialized nation measured by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. They spend 1,913 hours a year on their work, just below the national average of 1,932 hours for all workers. In 2011, the average annual salary of a PreK–12 teacher was $55,040.
Transporting students to and from school is a major concern for most school districts. School buses provide the largest mass transit program in the country, 8.8 billion trips per year. Non-school transit buses give 5.2 billion trips annually. 440,000 yellow school buses carry over 24 million students to and from schools. In 1971, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously that forced busing of students may be ordered to achieve racial desegregation. This ruling resulted in a white flight from the inner cities which largely diluted the intent of the order. This flight had other, non-educational ramifications as well. Integration took place in most schools though de facto segregation often determined the composition of the student body. By the 1990s, most areas of the country had been released from mandatory busing.
School start times are computed with busing in mind. There are often three start times: for elementary, for middle/junior high school, and for high school. One school district computed its cost per bus (without the driver) at $20,575 annually. It assumed a model where the average driver drove 80 miles per day. A driver was presumed to cost $.62 per mile (1.6 km). Elementary schools started at 7:30, middle schools/junior high school started at 8:30, and high schools at 8:15. While elementary school started earlier, they also finish earlier, at 2:30, middle schools at 3:30, and high schools at 3:20. All school districts establish their own times and means of transportation within guidelines set by their own state.
Grade placement
Schools use several methods to determine grade placement. One method involves placing students in a grade based on a child's birthday. Cut off dates based on the child's birthday determine placement in either a higher or lower grade level. For example, if the school's cut off date is September 1, and an incoming student's birthday is August 2, then this student would be placed in a higher grade level. If the student is in high school, this could mean that the student gets placed as an 11th grade instead of a 10th because of their birthday. Content each grade aligns with age and academic goals for the expected age of the students. Generally a student is expected to advance a grade each year K-12; however, if a student under-performs, he or she may retake that grade.
Primary education
Historically, in the United States, local public control (and private alternatives) have allowed for some variation in the organization of schools. Elementary school includes kindergarten through sixth grade (or sometimes, to fourth grade, fifth grade or eighth grade). Basic subjects are taught in elementary school, and students often remain in one classroom throughout the school day, except for specialized programs, such as physical education, library, music, and art classes. There are (as of 2001) about 3.6 million children in each grade in the United States.
Typically, the curriculum in public elementary education is determined by individual school districts or county school system. The school district selects curriculum guides and textbooks that reflect a state's learning standards and benchmarks for a given grade level. The most recent curriculum that has been adopted by most states is Common Core. Learning Standards are the goals by which states and school districts must meet adequate yearly progress (AYP) as mandated by No Child Left Behind (NCLB). This description of school governance is simplistic at best, however, and school systems vary widely not only in the way curricular decisions are made but also in how teaching and learning take place. Some states or school districts impose more top-down mandates than others. In others, teachers play a significant role in curriculum design and there are few top-down mandates. Curricular decisions within private schools are often made differently from in public schools, and in most cases without consideration of NCLB.
Public elementary school teachers typically instruct between twenty and thirty students. A typical classroom will include children with a range of learning needs or abilities, from those identified as having special needs of the kinds listed in the Individuals with Disabilities Act IDEA to those that are cognitively, athletically or artistically disabled. At times, an individual school district identifies areas of need within the curriculum. Teachers and advisory administrators form committees to develop supplemental materials to support learning for diverse learners and to identify enrichment for textbooks. There are special education teachers working with the identified students. Many school districts post information about the curriculum and supplemental materials on websites for public access.
In general, a student learns basic arithmetic and sometimes rudimentary algebra in mathematics, English proficiency (such as basic grammar, spelling, and vocabulary), and fundamentals of other subjects. Learning standards are identified for all areas of a curriculum by individual States, including those for mathematics, social studies, science, physical development, the fine arts, and reading. While the concept of State Learning standards has been around for some time, No Child Left Behind has mandated that standards exist at the State level.
Secondary education
Secondary education is often divided into two phases, middle/junior high school and high school. Students are usually given more independence, moving to different classrooms for different subjects, and being allowed to choose some of their class subjects (electives).
"Middle school" (or "junior high school") has a variable range between districts. It usually includes seventh and eighth grades and occasionally also includes one or more of the sixth, ninth, and very occasionally fifth grades as well. High school (occasionally senior high school) includes grades 9 through 12. Students in these grades are commonly referred to as freshmen (grade 9), sophomores (grade 10), juniors (grade 11), and seniors (grade 12). At the high school level, students generally take a broad variety of classes without specializing in any particular subject. Students are generally required to take a broad range of mandatory subjects, but may choose additional subjects ("electives") to fill out their required hours of learning. High school grades normally are included in a student's official transcript, e.g. for college admission. Official transcripts usually include the ninth grade, whether it is taught in a middle school or a high school.
Each state sets minimum requirements for how many years of various mandatory subjects are required; these requirements vary widely, but generally include 2–4 years of each of: Science, Mathematics, English, Social sciences, Physical education; some years of a foreign language and some form of art education are often also required, as is a health curriculum in which students learn about anatomy, nutrition, first aid, sexuality, drug awareness, and birth control. In many cases, however, options are provided for students to "test out" of this requirement or complete independent study to meet it.
High schools provide vocational education, Honors, Advanced Placement (AP) or International Baccalaureate (IB) courses. These are special forms of honors classes where the curriculum is more challenging and lessons more aggressively paced than standard courses. Honors, AP or IB courses are usually taken during the 11th or 12th grade of high school, but may be taken as early as 9th grade. Some international schools offer international school leaving qualifications, to be studied for and awarded instead of or alongside of the high school diploma, Honors, Advanced Placement, or International Baccalaureate. Regular honors courses are more intense and faster-paced than typical college preparatory courses. AP and IB are similar, but conform to a curriculum which can provide credit equivalent to college-level classes.
Tracking (streaming)
Tracking is the practice of dividing students at the primary or secondary school level into classes on the basis of ability or achievement. One common use is to offer different curricula for students preparing for college and for those preparing for direct entry into technical schools or the workplace.
Grading scale
In schools in the United States children are assessed throughout the school year by their teachers, and report cards are issued to parents at varying intervals. Generally, the scores for individual assignments and tests are recorded for each student in a grade book, along with the maximum number of points for each assignment. End-of-term or -year evaluations are most frequently given in the form of a letter grade on an A-F scale, whereby A is the best possible grade and F is a failing grade (most schools do not include the letter E in the assessment scale), or a numeric percentage. The Waldorf schools, most democratic schools, and some other private schools, give (often extensive) verbal characterizations of student progress rather than letter or number grades. Some school districts allow flexibility in grading scales at the Student information system level, allowing custom letters or symbols to be used (though transcripts must use traditional A-F letters)
Traditionally, colleges and universities tend to take on the formal letter grading scale, consisting of A, B, C, D, and F, as a way to indicate student performance. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, most Colleges and Universities were flooded with petitions proposing pass or fail options for students considering the difficulties with transitioning and managing during a state of emergency. Although most colleges and universities empathized with students expressing their frustration with transitioning online, transfer students implementing the pass or fail option are forecasted to have to retake the class. College credits for pass or fail classes have a low rate of being accepted by other colleges, forcing transfer students to sit through and pay for the same class they have already completed. While some colleges, such as the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Carnegie Mellon University, and North Carolina are permitting their students from weeks to months, to decide whether they will implement the pass or fail option offered by their college. While Harvard Medical School has previously been opposed to pass or fail grades, they have opened up to accepting pass grades.
Standardized testing
Under the No Child Left Behind Act and Every Student Succeeds Acts, all American states must test students in public schools statewide to ensure that they are achieving the desired level of minimum education, such as on the New York Regents Examinations, the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT) and the Florida Standards Assessments (FSA) or the Massachusetts Comprehensive Assessment System (MCAS); students being educated at home or in private schools are not included. The act also required that students and schools show adequate yearly progress. This means they must show some improvement each year. When a student fails to make adequate yearly progress, NCLB mandated that remediation through summer school or tutoring be made available to a student in need of extra help. On December 10, 2015, President Barack Obama signed legislation replacing NCLB with the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). However, the enactment of ESSA did not eliminate provisions relating to the periodic standardized tests given to students.
Academic performance impacts the perception of a school's educational program. Rural schools fare better than their urban counterparts in two key areas: test scores and drop-out rate. First, students in small schools performed equal to or better than their larger school counterparts. In addition, on the 2005 National Assessment of Education Progress, 4th and 8th-grade students scored as well or better in reading, science, and mathematics.
During high school, students (usually in 11th grade) may take one or more standardized tests depending on their post-secondary education preferences and their local graduation requirements. In theory, these tests evaluate the overall level of knowledge and learning aptitude of the students. The SAT and ACT are the most common standardized tests that students take when applying to college. A student may take the SAT, ACT, both, or neither depending upon the post-secondary institutions the student plans to apply to for admission. Most competitive post-secondary institutions also require two or three SAT Subject Tests (formerly known as SAT IIs), which are shorter exams that focus strictly on a particular subject matter. However, all these tests serve little to no purpose for students who do not move on to post-secondary education, so they can usually be skipped without affecting one's ability to graduate.
Standardized testing has become increasingly controversial in recent years. Creativity and the need for applicable knowledge are becoming rapidly more valuable than simple memorization. Opponents of standardized education have stated that it is the system of standardized education itself that is to blame for employment issues and concerns over the questionable abilities of recent graduates. Others consider standardized tests to be a valuable objective check on grade inflation. In recent years, grade point averages (particularly in suburban schools) have been rising while SAT scores have been falling.
The standardized test demonstrates a school's improvement on state assessment tests. However, it has been shown that this kind of testing does not improve students' "fluid intelligence". What standardized testing is actually testing is the ability to recall information quickly from short-term memory. They are not requiring students to use logical thinking, problem-solving, or long-term memory.
Suggestions for improving standardized testing include evaluating a student's overall growth, possibly including non-cognitive qualities such as social and emotional behaviors, not just achievement; introducing 21st-century skills and values; and making the tests open-ended, authentic, and engaging.
Most Universities are eliminating standardized testing due to the unfairness toward the candidates expected to participate in later test dates. According to Harvard College, this year they will make standardized test scores optional, empathizing with students having trouble scheduling exams during the coronavirus pandemic.
Extracurricular activities
A major characteristic of American schools is the high priority given to sports, clubs, and activities by the community, the parents, the schools, and the students themselves. Extracurricular activities are educational activities not falling within the scope of the regular curriculum but under the supervision of the school. Extracurriculars at the high school age (15–18) can be anything that doesn't require a high school credit or paid employment, but simply done out of pleasure or to also look good on a college transcript. Extracurricular activities for all ages can be categorized under clubs, art, culture and language, community, leadership, government, media, military, music, performing arts, religion, role play/fantasy, speech, sports, technology, and volunteer, all of which take place outside of school hours. These sorts of activities are put in place as other forms of teamwork, time management, goal setting, self-discovery, building self-esteem, relationship building, finding interests, and academics. These extracurricular activities and clubs can be sponsored by fundraising, or by the donation of parents who give towards the program in order for it to keep running. Students and Parents are also obligated to spend money on whatever supplies are necessary for this activity that are not provided for the school (sporting equipment, sporting attire, costumes, food, instruments). These activities can extend to large amounts of time outside the normal school day; home-schooled students, however, are not normally allowed to participate. Student participation in sports programs, drill teams, bands, and spirit groups can amount to hours of practices and performances. Most states have organizations that develop rules for competition between groups. These organizations are usually forced to implement time limits on hours practiced as a prerequisite for participation. Many schools also have non-varsity sports teams; however, these are usually afforded fewer resources and less attention.
Sports programs and their related games, especially football and basketball, are major events for American students and for larger schools can be a major source of funds for school districts.
High school athletic competitions often generate intense interest in the community.
In addition to sports, numerous non-athletic extracurricular activities are available in American schools, both public and private. Activities include Quizbowl, musical groups, marching bands, student government, school newspapers, science fairs, debate teams, and clubs focused on an academic area (such as the Spanish Club) or community service interests (such as Key Club).
Additional support needs
Students with special needs are typically taught by teachers with specialized training in adapting curricula. As of 2017, about 13% of U.S. students receive special education services.
According to the National Association of School Nurses, 5% of students in 2009 have a seizure disorder, another 5% have ADHD and 10% have mental or emotional disorders.
On January 25, 2013, the Office for Civil Rights of the U.S. Department of Education issued guidance, clarifying school districts' existing legal obligations to give disabled students an equal chance to compete in extracurricular sports alongside their able-bodied classmates.
Educating children with disabilities
The federal law, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) requires states to ensure that all government-run schools provide services to meet the individual needs of students with special needs, as defined by the law. All students with special needs are entitled to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE).
Schools meet with the parents or guardians to develop an Individualized Education Program that determines best placement for the child. Students must be placed in the least restrictive environment (LRE) that is appropriate for the student's needs.
In 2017, nationwide 67.1% of students with disabilities attending public schools graduated high school.
Criticism
At-risk students (those with educational needs that are not associated with a disability) are often placed in classes with students with minor emotional and social disabilities. Critics assert that placing at-risk students in the same classes as these disabled students may impede the educational progress of both the at-risk and the disabled students. Some research has refuted this assertion, and has suggested this approach increases the academic and behavioral skills of the entire student population.
Public and private schools
In the United States, state and local governments have primary responsibility for education. The Federal Department of Education plays a role in standards-setting and education finance, and some primary and secondary schools, for the children of military employees, are run by the Department of Defense.
K–12 students in most areas have a choice between free tax-funded public schools, or privately funded private schools.
Public school systems are supported by a combination of local, state, and federal government funding. Because a large portion of school revenues come from local property taxes, public schools vary widely in the resources they have available per student. Class size also varies from one district to another. Curriculum decisions in public schools are made largely at the local and state levels; the federal government has limited influence. In most districts, a locally elected school board runs schools. The school board appoints an official called the superintendent of schools to manage the schools in the district.
Local property taxes for public school funding may have disadvantages depending on how wealthy or poor these cities may be. Some of the disadvantages may be not having the proper electives of students' interest or advanced placement courses to further the knowledge and education of these students. Cases such as these limit students and causes inequality in education because there is no easy way to gain access to those courses since the education system might not view them as necessary. The public education system does provide the classes needed to obtain a GED (General Education Development) and obtain a job or pursue higher education.
The largest public school system in the United States is in New York City, where more than one million students are taught in 1,200 separate public schools.
Admission to individual public schools is usually based on residency. To compensate for differences in school quality based on geography, school systems serving large cities and portions of large cities often have magnet schools that provide enrollment to a specified number of non-resident students in addition to serving all resident students. This special enrollment is usually decided by lottery with equal numbers of males and females chosen. Some magnet schools
cater to gifted students or to students with special interests, such as the sciences or performing arts.
Private schools in the United States include parochial schools (affiliated with religious denominations), non-profit independent schools, and for-profit private schools. Private schools charge varying rates depending on geographic location, the school's expenses, and the availability of funding from sources, other than tuition. For example, some churches partially subsidize private schools for their members. Some people have argued that when their child attends a private school, they should be able to take the funds that the public school no longer needs and apply that money towards private school tuition in the form of vouchers. This is the basis of the school choice movement.
5,072,451 students attended 33,740 private elementary and secondary schools in 2007. 74.5% of these were Caucasian non-Hispanic, 9.8% were African American, 9.6% were Hispanic, 5.4% were Asian or Pacific Islander, and .6% were American Indian. Average school size was 150.3 students. There were 456,266 teachers. The number of students per teacher was about 11. 65% of seniors in private schools in 2006–07 went on to attend a four-year college.
Private schools have various missions: some cater to college-bound students seeking a competitive edge in the college admissions process; others are for gifted students, students with learning disabilities or other special needs, or students with specific religious affiliations. Some cater to families seeking a small school, with a nurturing, supportive environment. Unlike public school systems, private schools have no legal obligation to accept any interested student. Admission to some private schools is often highly selective.
An August 17, 2000 article by the Chicago Sun-Times refers to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago Office of Catholic Schools as the largest private school system in the United States.
Charter schools
The charter school movement began in 1990 and have spread rapidly in the United States, members, parents, teachers, and students to allow for the "expression of diverse teaching philosophies and cultural and social life styles."
Home schooling
In 2014, approximately 1.5 million children were homeschooled, up 84% from 1999 when the U.S. Department of Education first started keeping statistics. This was 2.9% of all children.
As of spring 2016, there are 2.3 million homeschooled students in the United States. It is appearing that homeschooling is a continuing trend in the U.S. with a 2 percent to 8 percent per annum over the past few years Many select moral or religious reasons for homeschooling their children. The second main category is unschooling, those who prefer a non-standard approach to education. This is a parent-led type of schooling that takes place at home and is now boarding a mainstream form of education in the United States. The Demography for homeschoolers has a variety of people; these are atheists, Christians, and Mormons; conservatives, libertarians, and liberals; low-, middle-, and high-income families; black, Hispanic, and white; parents with PhDs, GEDs, and no high-school diplomas. One study shows that 32 percent of homeschool students are Black, Asian, Hispanic, and others (i.e., not White/non-Hispanic). There is no required taxes on this form of education and most homeschooled families spend an average of $600 per student for their education
Opposition to homeschooling comes from varied sources, including teachers' organizations and school districts. The National Education Association, the largest labor union in the United States, has been particularly vocal in the past. Opponents' stated concerns fall into several broad categories, including fears of poor academic quality, and lack of socialization with others. At this time, over half of states have oversight into monitoring or measuring the academic progress of home schooled students, with all but ten requiring some form of notification to the state.
Higher education
Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education, often at one of the 4,495 colleges or universities and junior colleges in the country. In 2008, 36% of enrolled students graduated from college in four years. 57% completed their undergraduate requirements in six years, at the same college they first enrolled in. The U.S. ranks 10th among industrial countries for percentage of adults with college degrees. Over the past 40 years the gap in graduation rates for wealthy students and low-income students has widened significantly. 77% of the wealthiest quartile of students obtained undergraduate degrees by age 24 in 2013, up from 40% in 1970. 9% of the least affluent quartile obtained degrees by the same age in 2013, up from 6% in 1970.
There are over 7000 post-secondary institutions in the United States offering a diverse number of programs catered to students with different aptitudes, skills, and educational needs. Compared with the higher education systems of other countries, post-secondary education in the United States is largely deregulated, giving students a variety of choices. Common admission requirements to gain entry to any American university requires a meeting a certain age threshold, high school transcript documenting grades, coursework, and rigor of core high school subject areas as well as performance in AP and IB courses, class ranking, ACT or SAT scores, extracurricular activities, an admissions essay, and letters of recommendation from teachers and guidance counselors. Other admissions criteria may include an interview, personal background, legacy preferences (family members having attended the school), ability to pay tuition, potential to donate money to the school development case, evaluation of student character (based on essays or interviews), and general discretion by the admissions office. While universities will rarely list that they require a certain standardized test score, class ranking, or GPA for admission, each university usually has a rough threshold below which admission is unlikely.
University
The traditional path to American higher education is typically through a college or university, the most prestigious forms of higher education in the United States. Universities in the United States are institutions that issue bachelor's, master's, professional, or doctorate degrees; colleges often award solely bachelor's degrees. Some universities offer programs at all degree levels from the associate to the doctorate, and are distinguished from community and junior colleges where the highest degree offered is the associate degree or a diploma. Though there is no prescribed definition of a "university" or "college" in the United States, universities are generally research-oriented institutions offering undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs. American universities come in a variety of forms that serve different educational needs. Some counties and cities have established and funded four-year institutions. Some of these institutions, such as the City University of New York, are still operated by local governments. Others such as the University of Louisville and Wichita State University are now operated as state universities. Four-year institutions may be public or private colleges or universities. Private institutions are privately funded and there is a wide variety in size, focus, and operation. Some private institutions are large research universities, while others are small liberal arts colleges that concentrate on undergraduate education. Some private universities are nonsectarian and secular, while others are religiously affiliated.
Among the United States' most prominent and world renowned institutions are large research universities that are ranked in such annual publications such as the Times Higher Education World University Rankings, QS World University Rankings, U.S. News & World Report, Washington Monthly, ARWU, by test preparation services such as The Princeton Review or by another university such as the Top American Research Universities ranked by the University of Florida's The Center. These rankings are based on factors such as brand recognition, number of Nobel Prize winners, selectivity in admissions, generosity of alumni donors, and volume and quality of faculty research. Among the top forty domestically and internationally ranked institutions identified by the QS 2020 rankings include six of the eight Ivy League schools; private universities Stanford, The University of Chicago, Johns Hopkins, Duke, Northwestern, and New York University; 2 of the 10 schools in the University of California system (UC Berkeley and UCLA); and the research intensive institutions Caltech and MIT. Other types of universities in the United States include liberal arts schools (Reed College, Swarthmore College, Barnard College), religiously affiliated and denomination universities (DePaul University, Brigham Young University, Yeshiva University), military (United States Military Academy, United States Merchant Marine Academy, United States Naval Academy), art and design schools (Berklee College of Music, Juilliard School, Fashion Institute of Technology, Parsons School of Design, Rhode Island School of Design), Historically black colleges and universities (Morehouse College, Howard University, Kentucky State University), and for-profit universities (University of Phoenix, Western International University, Liberty University). While most private institutions are non-profit, a growing number in the past decade have been established as for-profit. The American university curriculum varies widely depending on the program and institution. Typically, an undergraduate student will be able to select an academic "major" or concentration, which comprises the core main or special subjects, and students may change their major one or more times.
Some students, typically those with a bachelor's degree, may choose to continue on to graduate or professional school, which are graduate and professional institutions typically attached to a university. Graduate degrees may be either master's degrees (e.g., M.A., M.S., M.S.W.), professional degrees (e.g. M.B.A., J.D., M.D.) or doctorate degrees (e.g. PhD). Programs range from full-time, evening and executive which allows for flexibility with students' schedules. Academia-focused graduate school typically includes some combination of coursework and research (often requiring a thesis or dissertation to be written), while professional graduate-level schools grants a first professional degree. These include medical, law, business, education, divinity, art, journalism, social work, architecture, and engineering schools.
Vocational
Community and junior colleges in the United States are public comprehensive institutions that offer a wide range of educational services that generally lasts two years. Community colleges are generally publicly funded (usually by local cities or counties) and offer career certifications and part-time programs. Though it is cheaper in terms of tuition, less competitive to get into, and not as prestigious as going to a four-year university, they form another post-secondary option for students seeking to enter the realm of American higher education. Community and junior colleges generally emphasize practical career-oriented education that is focused on a vocational curriculum. Though some community and junior colleges offer accredited bachelor's degree programs, community and junior colleges typically offer a college diploma or an associate degree such as an A.A., A.S., or a vocational certificate, although some community colleges offer a limited number of bachelor's degrees. Community and junior colleges also offer trade school certifications for skilled trades and technical careers. Students can also earn credits at a community or junior college and transfer them to a four-year university afterwards. Many community colleges have relationships with four-year state universities and colleges or even private universities that enable some community college students to transfer to these universities to pursue a bachelor's degree after the completion of a two-year program at the community college.
Cost
A few charity institutions cover all of the students' tuition, although scholarships (both merit-based and need-based) are widely available. Generally, private universities charge much higher tuition than their public counterparts, which rely on state funds to make up the difference. Because each state supports its own university system with state taxes, most public universities charge much higher rates for out-of-state students.
Annual undergraduate tuition varies widely from state to state, and many additional fees apply. In 2009, average annual tuition at a public university (for residents of the state) was $7,020. Tuition for public school students from outside the state is generally comparable to private school prices, although students can often qualify for state residency after their first year. Private schools are typically much higher, although prices vary widely from "no-frills" private schools to highly specialized technical institutes. Depending upon the type of school and program, annual graduate program tuition can vary from $15,000 to as high as $50,000. Note that these prices do not include living expenses (rent, room/board, etc.) or additional fees that schools add on such as "activities fees" or health insurance. These fees, especially room and board, can range from $6,000 to $12,000 per academic year (assuming a single student without children).
The mean annual total cost (including all costs associated with a full-time post-secondary schooling, such as tuition and fees, books and supplies, room and board), as reported by collegeboard.com for 2010:
Public university (4 years): $27,967 (per year)
Private university (4 years): $40,476 (per year)
Total, four-year schooling:
Public university: $111,868
Private university: $161,904
College costs are rising at the same time that state appropriations for aid are shrinking. This has led to debate over funding at both the state and local levels. From 2002 to 2004 alone, tuition rates at public schools increased over 14 percent, largely due to dwindling state funding. An increase of 6 percent occurred over the same period for private schools. Between 1982 and 2007, college tuition and fees rose three times as fast as median family income, in constant dollars.
From the US Census Bureau, the median salary of an individual who has only a high school diploma is $27,967; The median salary of an individual who has a bachelor's degree is $47,345.
Certain degrees, such as in engineering, typically result in salaries far exceeding high school graduates, whereas degrees in teaching and social work fall below.
The debt of the average college graduate for student loans in 2010 was $23,200.
A 2010 study indicates that the return on investment for graduating from the top 1000 colleges exceeds 4% over a high school degree.
Student loan debt
In 2018, student loan debt topped $1.5 trillion. More than 40 million people hold college debt, which is largely owned by the US government and serviced by companies such as Navient. Student loan debt has reached levels that have affected US society, reducing opportunities for millions of people following college.
Sen. Bernie Sanders, as part of 2020 presidential campaign in June 2019, proposed legislation that would free approximately 45 million Americans from a combined student loan debt of $1.6 trillion. "We will make a full and complete education a human right," Sanders said.
COVID-19 pandemic
With the unforeseen appearance of COVID-19, colleges and universities are in jeopardy of shutting down for good. Universities are being forced to refund money to students, invest in online technology and tools, making it harder to invest into empty campuses. Schools are defined as being in low financial health if their combined revenue and unrestricted assets will nolonger cover operating expenses in 6 years. Before COVID-19, 13 institutions were in danger of closing within 6 years in New England. With the presence of COVID-19, that number has increased to 25 institutions. Nationwide, because of the financial impact caused by the coronavirus pandemic, 110 more colleges and universities are now at risk of closing. This labels the total number of colleges and universities in peril due to coronavirus pandemic to be 345 institutions. While prestigious colleges and universities have historically had financial cushion due to high levels of enrollment, private colleges at a low risk have dropped from 485 to 385. Federal coronavirus relief has assisted students and universities, however it has not been enough to bandage the financial wound created by COVID-19. Colby-Sawyer College located in New Hampshire has received about $780,000 in assistance through the United States Department of Education. About half of this money was dispersed amongst the student body. Colby-Swayer College was also capable of receiving a loan of $2.65 million, to avoid layoffs of their 312 employees.
Academic labor and adjunctification
According to Uni in the USA, "One of the reasons American universities have thrived is due to their remarkable management of financial resources." To combat costs colleges have hired adjunct professors to teach. In 2008 these teachers cost about $1,800 per 3-credit class as opposed to $8,000 per class for a tenured professor. Two-thirds of college instructors were adjuncts. There are differences of opinion whether these adjuncts teach better or worse than regular professors. There is a suspicion that student evaluation of adjuncts, along with their subsequent continued employment, can lead to grade inflation.
Credential inflation
Economics professor Alan Zagier blames credential inflation for the admission of so many unqualified students into college. He reports that the number of new jobs requiring college degrees is less than the number of college graduates. He states that the more money that a state spends on higher education, the slower the economy grows, the opposite of long held notions. Other studies have shown that the level of cognitive achievement attained by students in a country (as measured by academic testing) is closely correlated with the country's economic growth, but that "increasing the average number of years of schooling attained by the labor force boosts the economy only when increased levels of school attainment also boost cognitive skills. In other words, it is not enough simply to spend more time in school; something has to be learned there."
Governance and funding
Governance
Currently, the state and national governments share power over public education, with the states exercising most of the control. Except for Hawaii, states delegate power to county, city or township-level school boards that exercise control over a school district. Some school districts may further delegate significant authority to principals, such as those who have adopted the Portfolio strategy.
The U.S. federal government exercises its control through the U.S. Department of Education. Education is not mentioned in the constitution of the United States, but the federal government uses the threat of decreased funding to enforce laws pertaining to education. Under recent administrations, initiatives such as the No Child Left Behind Act and Race to the Top have attempted to assert more central control in a heavily decentralized system.
Nonprofit private schools are widespread, are largely independent of the government, and include secular as well as parochial schools. Educational accreditation decisions for private schools are made by voluntary regional associations.
Funding for K–12 schools
According to a 2005 report from the OECD, the United States is tied for first place with Switzerland when it comes to annual spending per student on its public schools, with each of those two countries spending more than $11,000. However, the United States is ranked 37th in the world in education spending as a percentage of gross domestic product.
Figures exist for education spending in the United States, both total and per student, and by state and school district. They show a very wide range in expenditures.
Changes in funding appear to have little effect on a school system's performance. Between 1970 and 2012, the full amount spent by all levels of government on the K–12 education of an individual public school student graduating in any given year, adjusted for inflation, increased by 185%. The average funding by state governments increased by 120% per student. However, scores in mathematics, science, and language arts over that same period remained almost unchanged. Multi-year periods in which a state's funding per student declined substantially also appear to have had little effect.
Property taxes as a primary source of funding for public education have become highly controversial, for a number of reasons. First, if a state's population and land values escalate rapidly, many longtime residents may find themselves paying property taxes much higher than anticipated. In response to this phenomenon, California's citizens passed Proposition 13 in 1978, which severely restricted the ability of the Legislature to expand the state's educational system to keep up with growth. Some states, such as Michigan, have investigated or implemented alternative schemes for funding education that may sidestep the problems of funding based mainly on property taxes by providing funding based on sales or income tax. These schemes also have failings, negatively impacting funding in a slow economy.
One of the biggest debates in funding public schools is funding by local taxes or state taxes. The federal government supplies around 8.5% of the public school system funds, according to a 2005 report by the National Center for Education Statistics. The remaining split between state and local governments averages 48.7 percent from states and 42.8 percent from local sources.
Rural schools struggle with funding concerns. State funding sources often favor wealthier districts. The state establishes a minimum flat amount deemed "adequate" to educate a child based on equalized assessed value of property taxes. This favors wealthier districts with a much larger tax base. This, combined with the history of slow payment in the state, leaves rural districts searching for funds. Lack of funding leads to limited resources for teachers. Resources that directly relate to funding include access to high-speed internet, online learning programs, and advanced course offerings. These resources can enhance a student's learning opportunities, but may not be available to everyone if a district cannot afford to offer specific programs. One study found that school districts spend less efficiently in areas in which they face little or no competition from other public schools, in large districts, and in areas in which residents are poor or less educated. Some public schools are experimenting with recruiting teachers from developing countries in order to fill the teacher shortage, as U.S. citizens with college degrees are turning away from the demanding, low paid profession.
Judicial intervention
The reliance on local funding sources has led to a long history of court challenges about how states fund their schools. These challenges have relied on interpretations of state constitutions after a U.S. Supreme Court ruling that school funding was not a matter of the U.S. Constitution (San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 1 (1973)). The state court cases, beginning with the California case of Serrano v. Priest, 5 Cal.3d 584 (1971), were initially concerned with equity in funding, which was defined in terms of variations in spending across local school districts. More recently, state court cases have begun to consider what has been called 'adequacy.' These cases have questioned whether the total amount of spending was sufficient to meet state constitutional requirements. From 1985 to 1999, a United States district court judge required the state of Missouri to triple the budget of Kansas City Public Schools, although in the end, test scores in the district did not rise; the racial achievement gap did not diminish; and there was less, not more, integration. Perhaps the most famous adequacy case is Abbott v. Burke, 100 N.J. 269, 495 A.2d 376 (1985), which has involved state court supervision over several decades and has led to some of the highest spending of any U.S. districts in the so-called Abbott districts. The background and results of these cases are analyzed in a book by Eric Hanushek and Alfred Lindseth. That analysis concludes that funding differences are not closely related to student outcomes and thus that the outcomes of the court cases have not led to improved policies.
In McCleary v. Washington, a Supreme Court decision that found the state had failed to "amply" fund public education for Washington's 1 million school children. Washington state had budgeted $18.2 billion for education spending in the two-year fiscal period ending in July 2015. The state Supreme Court decided that this budget must be boosted by $3.3 billion in total by July 2019. On September 11, 2014, the state Supreme Court found the legislature in contempt for failing to uphold a court order to come up with a plan to boost its education budget by billions of dollars over the next five years. The state had argued that it had adequately funded education and said diverting tax revenue could lead to shortfalls in other public services.
Pensions
While the hiring of teachers for public schools is done at the local school district level, the pension funds for teachers are usually managed at the state level. Some states have significant deficits when future requirements for teacher pensions are examined. In 2014, these were projected deficits for various states: Illinois -$187 billion, Connecticut -$57 billion, Kentucky -$41 billion, Hawaii -$16.5 billion, and Louisiana -$45.6 billion. These deficits range from 184% to 318% of these states' annual total budget.
Funding for college
At the college and university level student loan funding is split in half; half is managed by the Department of Education directly, called the Federal Direct Student Loan Program (FDSLP). The other half is managed by commercial entities such as banks, credit unions, and financial services firms such as Sallie Mae, under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP). Some schools accept only FFELP loans; others accept only FDSLP. Still others accept both, and a few schools will not accept either, in which case students must seek out private alternatives for student loans.
Grant funding is provided by the federal Pell Grant program.
Issues
Major issues include assessment of proficiency versus growth, funding and legal protection of special education, and excessive student loan debt.
American education crisis
It has been alleged, since the 1950s and especially in recent years, that American schooling is undergoing a crisis in which academic performance is behind other countries, such as Russia, Japan, or China, in core subjects. Congress passed the National Defense Education Act in 1958 in an attempt to rectify these problems, and a series of other legislative acts in later decades such as No Child Left Behind. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, however, American students of 2012 ranked 25th in math, 17th in science, and 14th in reading compared with students in 27 other countries. In 2013, Amanda Ripley published the popular book The Smartest Kids in the World (And How They Got That Way), a comparative study of how the American education system differs from top-performing countries such as Finland and South Korea, but she found some students in South Korea spent over 12 hours per day in the classroom, with evening tutors, plus 2 months longer, while Finland demanded teachers attend extra teacher training and pass rigorous checks which 80% of teachers failed. Rather than using some clever learning techniques, instead the teachers and students were forced to spend extra, rigorous time in training or double hours to improve results, which in some cases faded away after a year, although the testing of results was also questionable. The author also noted U.S. teachers generally failed to have extra training and selection which could mean better teaching but also indicated the U.S. could benefit from a culture that valued some higher intellectual levels.
Recent allegations take the perspective of employers who demand more vocational training. Voters in both major parties have been critical of the Common Core initiative.
Affirmative action
In 2003, a Supreme Court decision concerning affirmative action in universities allowed educational institutions to consider race as a factor in admitting students, but ruled that strict point systems are unconstitutional. Opponents of racial affirmative action argue that the program actually benefits middle- and upper-class non-Asian people of color at the expense of lower-class European Americans and Asian Americans.
African American academics Henry Louis Gates and Lani Guinier, while favoring affirmative action, have argued that in practice, it has led to recent black immigrants and their children being greatly overrepresented at elite institutions, at the expense of the historic African American community made up of descendants of slaves. In 2006, Jian Li, a Chinese undergraduate at Yale University, filed a civil rights complaint with the Office for Civil Rights against Princeton University, stating that his race played a role in their decision to reject his application for admission.
Attainment
The rise of the high school movement in the beginning of the 20th century was unique in the United States, such that, high schools were implemented with property-tax funded tuition, openness, non-exclusivity, and were decentralized.
The academic curriculum was designed to provide the students with a terminal degree. The students obtained general knowledge (such as mathematics, chemistry, English composition, etc.) applicable to the high geographic and social mobility in the United States. The provision of high schools accelerated with the rise of the second industrial revolution. The increase in white-collar and skilled blue-collar work in manufacturing was reflected in the demand for high school education.
In the 21st century, the educational attainment of the US population is similar to that of many other industrialized countries with the vast majority of the population having completed secondary education and a rising number of college graduates that outnumber high school dropouts. As a whole, the population of the United States is becoming increasingly more educated.
Post-secondary education is valued very highly by American society and is one of the main determinants of class and status. As with income, however, there are significant discrepancies in terms of race, age, household configuration and geography.
Since the 1980s the number of educated Americans has continued to grow, but at a slower rate. Some have attributed this to an increase in the foreign-born portion of the workforce. However, the decreasing growth of the educational workforce has instead been primarily due to the slowing down in educational attainment of people schooled in the United States.
Remedial education in college
Despite high school graduates formally qualifying for college, only 4% of two-year and four-year colleges do not have any students in noncredit remedial courses. Over 200 colleges place most of their first-year students in one or more remedial courses. Almost 40% of students in remedial courses fail to complete them. The cause cannot be excessively demanding college courses, since grade inflation has made those courses increasingly easy in recent decades.
Gender differences
According to research from within the past 20 years, girls generally outperform boys in the classroom on measures of grades across all subjects and graduation rates. This is a turnaround from the early 20th century when boys usually outperformed girls. Boys have still been found to score higher on standardized tests than girls and go on to be better represented in the more prestigious, high-paying STEM fields. There is an ongoing debate over which gender is the most short-changed in the classroom. Parents and educators are concerned about how to motivate males to become better students.
Racial achievement differences
The racial achievement gap in the US refers to the educational disparities between Black and Hispanic students compared with Asian and Caucasian students. This disparity manifests itself in a variety of ways: African-American and Hispanic students are more likely to receive lower grades, score lower on standardized tests, drop out of high school, and are less likely to enter and complete college.
Several reasons have been suggested for these disparities.
One explanation is the disparity in income that exists between African Americans and Whites. This school of thought argues that the origin of this "wealth gap" is the slavery and racism that made it extremely difficult for African-Americans to accumulate wealth for almost 100 years after slavery was abolished. A comparable history of discrimination created a similar gap between Hispanics and Whites. This results in many minority children being born into low socioeconomic backgrounds, which in turn affects educational opportunities.
Another explanation has to do with family structure. Professor Lino Graglia has suggested that Blacks and Hispanics are falling behind in education because they are increasingly raised in single-parent families. Other scholars, meanwhile, have long and continuously argued against this myth of the black family, pointing instead to class and race-based oppressions along social and economic lines, as discussed below.
Other explanations offered for the racial achievement gap include: social class, institutional racism, lower quality of schools and teachers in minority communities, and civil injustice. Most authors mention several such factors as influential on outcomes, both in the United States and worldwide.
International comparison
In the OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment 2003, which emphasizes problem-solving, American 15-year-olds ranked 24th of 38 in mathematics, 19th of 38 in science, 12th of 38 in reading, and 26th of 38 in problem-solving. In the 2006 assessment, the U.S. ranked 35th out of 57 in mathematics and 29th out of 57 in science. Reading scores could not be reported due to printing errors in the instructions of the U.S. test booklets. U.S. scores were behind those of most other developed nations.
US fourth and eighth graders tested above average on the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study tests, which emphasizes traditional learning.
The United States is one of three OECD countries where the government spends more on schools in rich neighborhoods than in poor neighborhoods, with the others being Turkey and Israel.
Poor education also carries on as students age. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development's (OECD) administer another survey called the Survey of Adult Skills, which is a part of its Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). In the most recent survey done in 2013, 33 nations took part with adults ages 16 to 65 in numeracy, literacy, and problem-solving. The Educational Testing Service (ETS) found that millennials – age from teens to early 30s – scored low. Millennials in Spain and Italy scored lower than those in the U.S., while in numeracy, the three countries tied for last. U.S. millennials came in last among all 33 nations for problem-solving skills.
Wider economic impact
Current education trends in the United States represent multiple achievement gaps across ethnicities, income levels, and geography. In an economic analysis, consulting firm McKinsey & Company reports that closing the educational achievement gap between the United States and nations such as Finland and Korea would have increased US GDP by 9-to-16% in 2008.
Narrowing the gap between white students and black and Hispanic students would have added another 2–4% GDP, while closing the gap between poor and other students would have yielded a 3-to-5% increase in GDP, and that of under-performing states and the rest of the nation another 3-to-5% GDP. In sum, McKinsey's report suggests, "These educational gaps impose on the United States the economic equivalent of a permanent national recession."
Overall the households and demographics featuring the highest educational attainment in the United States are also among those with the highest household income and wealth. Thus, while the population of the US is becoming increasingly educated on all levels, a direct link between income and educational attainment remains.
ACT Inc. reports that 25% of US graduating high school seniors meet college-readiness benchmarks in English, reading, mathematics, and science. Including the 22% of students who do not graduate on time, fewer than 20% of the American youth, who should graduate high school each year, do so prepared for college. The United States has fallen behind the rest of the developed world in education, creating a global achievement gap that alone costs the nation 9-to-16% of potential GDP each year.
In 2007, Americans stood second only to Canada in the percentage of 35- to 64-year-olds holding at least two-year degrees. Among 25- to 34-year-olds, the country stands tenth. The nation stands 15 out of 29 rated nations for college completion rates, slightly above Mexico and Turkey.
A five-year, $14 million study of U.S. adult literacy involving lengthy interviews of U.S. adults, the most comprehensive study of literacy ever commissioned by the U.S. government, was released in September 1993. It involved lengthy interviews of over 26,700 adults statistically balanced for age, gender, ethnicity, education level, and location (urban, suburban, or rural) in 12 states across the U.S. and was designed to represent the U.S. population as a whole. This government study showed that 21% to 23% of adult Americans were not "able to locate information in text", could not "make low-level inferences using printed materials", and were unable to "integrate easily identifiable pieces of information."
The U.S. Department of Education's 2003 statistics indicated that 14% of the population – or 32 million adults – had very low literacy skills. Statistics were similar in 2013. In 2015, only 37% of students were able to read at a proficient level, a level which has barely changed since the 1990s.
In addition to its economic impact, social science provides evidence that the level of educational attainment of a community also has quantifiable impacts on many aspects of well-being, including life expectancy, low birthweight rates, crime, and political engagement.
Behavior
A 2011 study found that students who were expelled were three times as likely to become involved with the juvenile justice system the following school year.
Corporal punishment
The United States is one of the very few developed countries where corporal punishment is officially permitted and practiced in its public schools, although the practice has been banned in an increasing number of states beginning in the 1970s. The punishment virtually always consists of spanking the buttocks of a student with a paddle in a punishment known as "paddling." Students can be physically punished from kindergarten to the end of high school, meaning that even adults who have reached the age of majority are sometimes spanked by school officials. Although uncommon relative to the overall U.S. student population, more than 167,000 students were paddled in the 2011–2012 school year in American public schools. Virtually all paddling in public schools occurs in the Southern United States, however, with 70% of paddled students living in just five states: Mississippi, Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, and Georgia. The practice has been on a steady decline in American schools.
School safety and security
The National Center for Education Statistics reported statistics about public schools in the United States in 2013–2014. They stated that, during that time, 93% controlled access to their buildings during school hours, and that 88% have in place a written crisis response plan. They also reported that 82% of schools have a system that notifies parents in the event of an emergency. According to their report, 75% of schools have security cameras in use.
During the 2015–16 school year in the United States, the National Center for Education Statistics reported the following: Nine percent of schools reported that one or more students had threatened a physical attack with a weapon. Ninety-five percent of schools had given their students lockdown procedure drills, and ninety-two percent had drilled them on evacuation procedures. Around 20 percent of schools had one or more security guards or security personnel while 10.9 percent had one or more full or part-time law enforcement officers. Forty-two percent of schools had at least one school resource officer.
In some schools, a police officer, titled a school resource officer, is on site to screen students for firearms and to help avoid disruptions.
The schools in United States are fast adopting facial recognition technology for the protection of children. The technology is aimed at detecting people falling on the threat list for sex offenses, suspension from school, and so on. However, human rights advocacy group, Human Rights Watch, argues that the technology could also threaten the right to privacy and could pose a great risk to children of color.
Cheating
In 2006, one survey found that 50% to 95% of American students admitted to having cheated in high school or college at one time or another, results that cast some doubt on measured academic attainment tests.
Curriculum
Curricula in the United States can vary widely from district to district. Different schools offer classes centering on different topics, and vary in quality. Some private schools even include religious classes as mandatory for attendance. This raises the question of government funding vouchers in states with anti-Catholic Blaine Amendments in their constitution. This in turn has produced camps of argument over the standardization of curricula and to what degree it should exist. These same groups often are advocates of standardized testing, which is mandated by the No Child Left Behind Act.
Content knowledge
There is debate over which subjects should receive the most focus, with astronomy and geography among those cited as not being taught enough in schools. A major criticism of American educational curricula is that it overemphasizes math and reading skills without providing the content knowledge needed to understand the texts used to teach the latter. Poor students are more likely to lack said content knowledge, which contributes to the achievement gap in the United States.
Literacy
Reading skills are typically taught using a "three cues" system based on identifying meaning, sentence structure, and visual information such as the first letter in a word. This method has been criticized by psychologists such as Timothy Shanahan for lacking a basis is scientific evidence, citing studies that find that good readers look at all the letters in a word. According to J. Richard Gentry, teachers draw insufficient attention to spelling. Spelling is itself frequently taught in a confusing manner, such as with reading prompts that may use words that are above grade level.
Emphasis on English-language education
Schools in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands, teach primarily in English, with the exception of specialized language immersion programs.
In 2015, 584,000 students in Puerto Rico were taught in Spanish, their native language.
The Native American Cherokee Nation instigated a 10-year language preservation plan that involved growing new fluent speakers of the Cherokee language from childhood on up through school immersion programs as well as a collaborative community effort to continue to use the language at home.
In 2010, 84 children were being educated in this manner.
Some 9.7 million children aged 5 to 17 primarily speak a language other than English at home. Of those, about 1.3 million children do not speak English well or at all.
Evolution in Kansas
In 1999 the School Board of the state of Kansas caused controversy when it decided to eliminate teaching of evolution in its state assessment tests. Scientists from around the country objected. Many religious and family values groups, on the other hand, stated that evolution is "simply a theory" in the colloquial sense (not the academic sense, which means specific and well supported reasoning), and as such creationist ideas should therefore be taught alongside it as an alternative viewpoint. A majority of the board supported teaching intelligent design or creationism in public schools. The new standards, including Intelligent Design, were enacted on November 8, 2005. On February 13, 2007, the board rejected these amended science standards enacted in 2005, overturning the mandate to teach Intelligent Design.
Sex education
Almost all students in the U.S. receive some form of sex education at least once between grades 7 and 12; many schools begin addressing some topics as early as grades 4 or 5. However, what students learn varies widely, because curriculum decisions are so decentralized. Many states have laws governing what is taught in sex education classes or allowing parents to opt out. Some state laws leave curriculum decisions to individual school districts.
For example, a 1999 study by the Guttmacher Institute found that most U.S. sex education courses in grades 7 through 12 cover puberty, HIV, STDs, abstinence, implications of teenage pregnancy, and how to resist peer pressure. Other studied topics, such as methods of birth control and infection prevention, sexual orientation, sexual abuse, and factual and ethical information about abortion, varied more widely.
However, according to a 2004 survey, a majority of the 1001 parent groups polled wants complete sex education in the schools. The American people are heavily divided over the issue. Over 80% of polled parents agreed with the statement "Sex education in school makes it easier for me to talk to my child about sexual issues," while under 17% agreed with the statement that their children were being exposed to "subjects I don't think my child should be discussing." 10 percent believed that their children's sexual education class forced them to discuss sexual issues "too early." On the other hand, 49 percent of the respondents (the largest group) were "somewhat confident" that the values taught in their children's sex ed classes were similar to those taught at home, and 23 percent were less confident still. (The margin of error was plus or minus 4.7 percent.)
According to The 74, an American education news website, the United States uses two methods to teach sex education. Comprehensive sex education focuses on sexual risk reduction. This method focuses on the benefits of contraception and safe sex. The abstinence-emphasized curriculum focuses on sexual risk avoidance, discouraging activity that could become a "gateway" to sexual activities.
Textbook review and adoption
In some states, textbooks are selected for all students at the state level, and decisions made by larger states, such as California and Texas, that represent a considerable market for textbook publishers and can exert influence over the content of textbooks generally, thereby influencing the curriculum taught in public schools.
In 2010, the Texas Board of Education passed more than 100 amendments to the curriculum standards, affecting history, sociology and economics courses to 'add balance' given that academia was 'skewed too far to the left'. One specific result of these amendments is to increase education on Moses' influences on the founding of the United States, going as far as calling him a "founding father". A critical review of the twelve most widely used American high school history textbooks argued that they often disseminate factually incorrect, Eurocentric, and mythologized views of American history.
As of January 2009, the four largest college textbook publishers in the United States were: Pearson Education (including such imprints as Addison-Wesley and Prentice Hall), Cengage Learning (formerly Thomson Learning), McGraw-Hill Education, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Other US textbook publishers include: Abeka, BJU Press, John Wiley & Sons, Jones and Bartlett Publishers, F. A. Davis Company, W. W. Norton & Company, SAGE Publications, and Flat World Knowledge.
Culturally-responsive curriculum
Culturally-responsive curriculum is a framework for teaching that acknowledges and the various cultural backgrounds of all students in the classroom to make learning more accessible, especially for students of color. It is the outgrowth of research evidence that suggests that attitudes towards others, especially with regard to race, are socially constructed (or learned) at a young age. Therefore, the values that we attach to various groups of people are a reflection of the behavior we have observed around us, especially in the classroom. Culturally-responsive curriculum responds to the importance of teachers connecting with students in increasingly diverse classrooms in the US by incorporating sociocultural elements into the curriculum. The goal of culturally-responsive curriculum is to ensure equitable access to education for students from all cultures.
Culturally-responsive curriculum draws directly on the idea of a "hidden curriculum" or system of values that teachers impart on students in the classroom. Culturally-responsive curriculum attempts to break down the dominant cultural bias that often pervades curriculum and instruction. Similar to the anti-bias approach, culturally-responsive curriculum is intended to help students and teachers "recognize the connections between ethnicity, gender, religion, and social class, and power, privilege, prestige, and opportunity." Culturally-responsive curriculum specifically responds to the cultural needs of students as learners in the classroom.
A study by Howard in 2001, documents students' responses to culturally-responsive curriculum and teaching strategies. The study found that these methods had a positive effect on student engagement and effort in the classroom. These findings are consistent with the theoretical claims of culturally-responsive curriculum.
Teachers can gain in-depth understandings of their students' individual needs by engaging with parents, learning about culturally-specific ways of communicating and learning, and allowing students to direct their learning and to collaborate on assignments that are both culturally and socially relevant to them.
Culturally-responsive curriculum is also implemented at the level of preservice teacher education. One study by Evans-Winters and Hoff found that preservice teachers do not necessarily recognize or acknowledge the intersections of race and other social factors in understanding and characterizing systems of oppression. A shift in preservice training has been made toward a more self-reflective model that encourages teachers to be reflective of the types of cultural and social attitudes they are promoting in their teaching practices. This kind of preservice education can help teachers anticipate social-identity related tensions that might occur in the classroom and think critically about how to approach them.
Gender-sensitive curriculum
The notion of a gender-sensitive curriculum acknowledges the current reality of our bi-gender world and attempts to break down socialized learning outcomes that reinforce the notion that girls and boys are good at different things. Research has shown that while girls do struggle more in the areas of math and science and boys in the area of language arts, this is partly a socialization phenomenon. One key to creating a gender-friendly classroom is "differentiation" which essentially means when teachers plan and deliver their instruction with an awareness of gender and other student differences. Teachers can strategically group students for learning activities by a variety of characteristics so as to maximize individual strengths and contributions. Research has also shown that teachers differ in how they treat girls and boys in the classroom. Gender-sensitive practices necessitate equitable and appropriate attention to all learners. Teacher attention to content is also extremely important. For example, when trying to hold boys' attention teachers will often use examples that reference classically male roles, perpetuating a gender bias in content.
In addition to a curriculum that recognizes that gender impacts all students and their learning, other gender-sensitive curricula directly engages gender-diversity issues and topics. Some curricular approaches include integrating gender through story problems, writing prompts, readings, art assignments, research projects, and guest lectures that foster spaces for students to articulate their own understandings and beliefs about gender.
LGBTQ-inclusive curriculum
LGBTQ-inclusive curriculum is curriculum that includes positive representations of LGBTQ people, history, and events. LGBTQ curriculum also attempts to integrate these narratives without biasing the LGBTQ experience as a separate and fragmented from overarching social narratives and not as intersecting with ethnic, racial, and other forms of diversity that exist among LGBTQ individuals.
The purpose of an LGBTQ-inclusive curriculum is to ensure that LGBTQ students feel properly represented in curriculum narratives and therefore safer coming to school and more comfortable discussing LGBTQ-related topics. A study by GLSEN examined the impact of LGBTQ-inclusive practices on LGBTQ students' perceptions of safety. The study found that LGBT students in inclusive school settings were much less likely to feel unsafe because of their identities and more likely to perceive their peers as accepting and supportive.
Implementation of LGBTQ-inclusive curriculum involves both curriculum decisions and harnessing teachable moments in the classroom. One study by Snapp et al. showed that teachers often failed to intervene in LGBTQ-bullying.
Other research has suggested that education for healthcare professionals on how to better support LGBTQ patients has benefits for LGBTQ-healthcare service. Education in how to be empathic and conscientious of the needs of LGBTQ patients fits within the larger conversation about culturally-responsive healthcare.
Ability-inclusive curriculum
Ability-inclusive curriculum is another curriculum model that adapts to the social, physical, and cultural needs of the students. Inclusion in the US education system refers to the approach to educating students with special needs in a mainstream classroom. This model involves cultivating a strong relationship between teacher and student, and between non-special needs students and special needs students. Like the other models of a culturally-inclusive curriculum, an ability-inclusive curriculum often involves collaboration, parental involvement, the creation of a safe and welcoming environment, returning agency to the students over their learning, and fostering open discussion about individual differences and strengths.
Research generally demonstrates neutral or positive effects of inclusive education. A study by Kreimeyer et al. showed that a group of deaf/hard-of-hearing students in an inclusive classroom scored better than the national averages on reading comprehension, vocabulary, and mathematical problem solving measures. Another study showed that inclusive practices increased literacy rates for autistic students. Many theorists champion the potential socio-emotional benefits of inclusion. However research on the social dynamics of inclusive classrooms suggest that special needs students might occupy a lower social standing that non-special needs students.
Immigrant students and grade placement
The method of placing students in a specific grade based on birthday cut-off dates has often been used with immigrant children. A study conducted by Dylan Conger on the effects of grade placement on English learners found that schools are often rushed to make a decision on what grade an incoming student should be placed, so they base their decision on the child's birthday. Unfortunately, teachers and staff are not always able to test the child's knowledge to determine what grade level would be better for the students based on what they already know. This can cause some difficulties for immigrant students. A study conducted on teacher expectations of Somali Bantu refugee students found that teachers can hold expectations for students to already know certain material when they enter their classroom, such as how to use a computer or how to behave in a classroom. When these students learned something that the teacher already expected them to know, it was not given the same importance compared to learning something that was being taught in that grade level, such as math proficiency or computer use. Things can become more difficult for students when entering in the middle of the academic year. A study focused on the impact of late arrivals for immigrant students found that, due to constant moving, students entering in the middle of the academic year encountered material they were not familiar with or ended up repeating material they had already learned.
There is still limited research that has been conducted in the United States on the effects of placing immigrant students in a specific grade based on birthday cut-off dates. A study on Thailand's education policy on children of migrants, where students under 7 years were enrolled in kindergarten and older students in first grade, found that even though older students placed in first-grade classrooms were more obedient, the students had trouble connecting with their classmates and teacher had to address them differently due to their age.
While data supports the theory that English-language (EL) literacy interventions are beneficial for students of all grade levels and socioeconomic status, including disadvantaged immigrant students, poor implementation of EL instruction has contributed to downward assimilation and long-term or permanent Limited English Proficiency (LEP) status for many immigrant youths. LEP status serves as a nonacademic factor for student course enrollment, negatively affecting immigrant student learning opportunities by separating English-learning from other coursework. Focus on English literacy, and organizational constraints such as immigrant student population, may take away needed resources from challenging academic courses, such as math and science courses that are less English-dependent, thereby impeding LEP students' educational opportunities and post-secondary education preparation.
School to prison pipeline
The school-to-prison pipeline (SPP) is the disproportionate tendency of minors and young adults from disadvantaged backgrounds to become incarcerated, because of increasingly harsh school and municipal policies. This inhibits many of these young adults from going to college.
Reading and writing habits
Libraries have been considered important to educational goals.
Library books are more readily available to Americans than to people in Germany, the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Austria, and all the Mediterranean nations. The average American borrowed more library books in 2001 than his or her peers in Germany, Austria, Norway, Ireland, Luxembourg, France and throughout the Mediterranean.
Americans buy more books than Europeans do.
Teachers have been frustrated with the lack of parent involvement in the learning process, particularly in the earlier grades. Children spend about 26% of their time in school, sleep 40%, leaving about 34% of their time left over. Teachers believe that parents are not supervising their children's free time to encourage the learning process, such as basic literacy, which is crucial not only to later success in life but also to keep them out of prison.
See also
College Board examinations
First-generation college students in the United States
Language education in the United States
List of heads of state educated in the United States
List of state graduation exams in the United States
Lists of school districts in the United States
Outcome-based education
Social programs in the United States and education
Educational Inequality in the United States
References
Further reading
Sennholz, Hans F., ed. Public Education and Indoctrination, in series, The Freeman Classics. Irvington-on-Hudson, N.Y.: Foundation for Economic Education, 1993. iv, 203 p. N.B.: Sennholz is not clearly identified as the editor of this collection of essays on the subject, but his editorship seems probable.
Bibliography
Berliner, David C.
Woodring, Paul. A Fourth of a Nation. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1957. 255 p. N.B.: Philosophical and practical reflections on education, teaching, educational psychology, and the training of teachers.
History
for more detailed bibliography see History of Education in the United States: Bibliography
James D. Anderson, The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860–1935 (University of North Carolina Press, 1988).
Axtell, J. The school upon a hill: Education and society in colonial New England. Yale University Press. (1974).
Maurice R. Berube; American School Reform: Progressive, Equity, and Excellence Movements, 1883–1993. 1994. online version
Brint, S., & Karabel, J. The Diverted Dream: Community colleges and the promise of educational opportunity in America, 1900–1985. Oxford University Press. (1989).
Button, H. Warren and Provenzo, Eugene F., Jr. History of Education and Culture in America. Prentice-Hall, 1983. 379 pp.
Cremin, Lawrence A. The Transformation of the School: Progressivism in American Education, 1876–1957. (1961).
Cremin, Lawrence A. American Education: The Colonial Experience, 1607–1783. (1970); American Education: The National Experience, 1783–1876. (1980); American Education: The Metropolitan Experience, 1876–1980 (1990); standard 3 vol detailed scholarly history
Curti, M. E. The social ideas of American educators, with new chapter on the last twenty-five years. (1959).
Dorn, Sherman. Creating the Dropout: An Institutional and Social History of School Failure. Praeger, 1996. 167 pp.
Gatto, John Taylor. The Underground History of American Education: An Intimate Investigation into the Prison of Modern Schooling. Oxford Village Press, 2001, 412 pp. online version
Herbst, Juergen. The once and future school: Three hundred and fifty years of American secondary education. (1996).
Herbst, Juergen. School Choice and School Governance: A Historical Study of the United States and Germany 2006. .
Kemp, Roger L. "Town & Gown Relations: A Handbook of Best Practices," McFarland and Company, Inc., Publisher, Jefferson, North Carolina, USA, and London, England (UK)(2013). .
Krug, Edward A. The shaping of the American high school, 1880–1920. (1964); The American high school, 1920–1940. (1972). standard 2 vol scholarly history
Lucas, C. J. American higher education: A history. (1994). pp.; reprinted essays from History of Education Quarterly
Parkerson, Donald H. and Parkerson, Jo Ann. Transitions in American Education: A Social History of Teaching. Routledge, 2001. 242 pp.
Parkerson, Donald H. and Parkerson, Jo Ann. The Emergence of the Common School in the U.S. Countryside. Edwin Mellen, 1998. 192 pp.
Peterson, Paul E. The politics of school reform, 1870–1940. (1985).
Ravitch, Diane. Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms. Simon & Schuster, 2000. 555 pp.
John L. Rury; Education and Social Change: Themes in the History of American Schooling.; Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 2002. online version
Sanders, James W The education of an urban minority: Catholics in Chicago, 1833–1965. (1977).
Solomon, Barbara M. In the company of educated women: A history of women and higher education in America. (1985).
Theobald, Paul. Call School: Rural Education in the Midwest to 1918. Southern Illinois U. Pr., 1995. 246 pp.
David B. Tyack. The One Best System: A History of American Urban Education (1974),
Tyack, David and Cuban, Larry. Tinkering Toward Utopia: A Century of Public School Reform. Harvard U. Pr., 1995. 184 pp.
Tyack, David B., & Hansot, E. Managers of Virtue: Public School Leadership in America, 1820–1980. (1982).
Veysey Lawrence R. The Emergence of the American University. (1965).
External links
National Center for Education Statistics
Information on studying in the US
High School Grade Point Average Calculator – Standard grade point average calculator for US High Schools.
Information on education in the United States, OECD – Contains indicators and information about the United States and how it compares to other OECD and non-OECD countries
Diagram of American education system, OECD – Using 1997 ISCED classification of programs and typical ages.
Library guides
Education in the United States
Public education in the United States
American society | [
0.41057419776916504,
0.33829265832901,
-0.3524937033653259,
0.19418621063232422,
0.4904940128326416,
0.02330552041530609,
0.8071414232254028,
0.7880406379699707,
-0.34579190611839294,
-0.887488603591919,
-0.5382969975471497,
0.5224406123161316,
0.12967358529567719,
0.02083762176334858,
-0.6780146360397339,
0.2962682843208313,
0.9089100360870361,
0.7877242565155029,
-0.23856252431869507,
-0.001981341280043125,
-0.6616320610046387,
-0.2227792590856552,
0.04961254447698593,
0.11173342168331146,
0.12586212158203125,
-0.21084655821323395,
0.3462333083152771,
-0.16621826589107513,
-0.4030037820339203,
-0.03928661718964577,
-0.31729212403297424,
-0.18243421614170074,
0.3273319900035858,
-0.023805929347872734,
-0.18020349740982056,
-0.20939593017101288,
0.27375906705856323,
-0.402503103017807,
0.34082481265068054,
-0.40375587344169617,
0.3506438732147217,
0.1520218849182129,
0.1375235915184021,
-0.21561194956302643,
0.1965852528810501,
-0.6354089975357056,
-1.2476590871810913,
0.4770739674568176,
-0.6648133397102356,
-0.2690565288066864,
-0.9630149006843567,
0.28387650847435,
0.3894187808036804,
0.7477135062217712,
0.09214911609888077,
0.13017942011356354,
-0.5276420712471008,
0.23966215550899506,
0.02383284457027912,
0.3868004083633423,
0.7730693817138672,
0.8979459404945374,
0.08948184549808502,
0.15330125391483307,
0.6231867074966431,
-0.27299636602401733,
-0.13503095507621765,
0.37467336654663086,
-0.4995374381542206,
-0.45922642946243286,
-0.28399908542633057,
-0.3459773659706116,
-0.1039980873465538,
-0.14384695887565613,
-0.18872195482254028,
-0.293210506439209,
-0.1819024235010147,
0.2295360267162323,
-0.5528503656387329,
-0.6964127421379089,
-0.4275070130825043,
0.40454918146133423,
0.28642114996910095,
0.12890209257602692,
0.3705502450466156,
0.3009207248687744,
-0.7621617317199707,
0.2801288366317749,
0.5525918006896973,
0.3364955186843872,
0.05449804663658142,
0.524582028388977,
0.06188684701919556,
0.19919423758983612,
0.48385006189346313,
-0.6316910982131958,
-0.07430481910705566,
-0.6242873072624207,
-0.015050972811877728,
-0.3805736005306244,
-0.04954034835100174,
0.1567050963640213,
1.1959373950958252,
0.04163330793380737,
-0.4821588099002838,
-0.04724632203578949,
0.28005552291870117,
-0.16082660853862762,
-0.05439601093530655,
0.012510471977293491,
-0.11211928725242615,
0.2843816876411438,
-0.47708550095558167,
0.2439696043729782,
-0.7059104442596436,
0.23100939393043518,
0.44972240924835205,
0.3495217561721802,
-0.2856372892856598,
-0.2868480384349823,
-0.5409997701644897,
0.1952541172504425,
0.059498514980077744,
-0.020244736224412918,
0.06472840905189514,
0.814713716506958,
0.35651659965515137,
0.5114659070968628,
0.2910670042037964,
-0.10780642926692963,
0.5372563004493713,
-0.07181313633918762,
0.17589229345321655,
0.14923329651355743,
-0.17435985803604126,
-0.35554856061935425,
0.3218330144882202,
-0.2656414806842804,
0.23221172392368317,
0.12474958598613739,
-0.5239604115486145,
-0.5790681838989258,
0.03827942907810211,
-0.4956735074520111,
0.05924979969859123,
-0.4428938627243042,
-0.2280758023262024,
-0.08503954112529755,
-0.43063801527023315,
0.41486433148384094,
0.35512199997901917,
0.12254807353019714,
-0.38870906829833984,
0.31008684635162354,
-0.2811852693557739,
-0.36596134305000305,
0.5820299983024597,
0.14847257733345032,
0.07850270718336105,
0.27986136078834534,
0.26514220237731934,
0.3048704266548157,
0.6444026827812195,
-0.01914113573729992,
0.0941477119922638,
-0.08381520211696625,
-0.003304400946944952,
0.46846482157707214,
-0.035152506083250046,
0.18019980192184448,
-0.32071736454963684,
-0.05240173265337944,
0.45569273829460144,
-0.44521498680114746,
-0.21240660548210144,
-0.8792601227760315,
-0.22933068871498108,
0.12110289931297302,
0.4960270822048187,
-0.0732448473572731,
-0.7684040069580078,
0.28249114751815796,
0.34612178802490234,
0.27088579535484314,
0.0032612881623208523,
-0.6315051317214966,
0.38638418912887573,
-0.2116362601518631,
-0.23985373973846436,
-0.13927310705184937,
-0.11055062711238861,
-0.47173312306404114,
-0.06819736212491989,
-0.4066678285598755,
1.126227617263794,
-0.11208442598581314,
-0.36996185779571533,
1.1768507957458496,
-0.29311060905456543,
-0.05085168033838272,
0.1527334600687027,
-0.577043354511261,
0.09196072071790695,
0.08363983035087585,
-0.9662616848945618,
0.22996480762958527,
0.3947247564792633,
0.4879465699195862,
0.3567120432853699,
-0.15394896268844604,
0.23970475792884827,
-0.43703290820121765,
0.07634776085615158,
0.5197563767433167,
0.22666029632091522,
-0.04158559441566467,
-0.574272871017456,
0.07262547314167023,
0.5181340575218201,
-0.603105366230011,
0.5404981374740601,
-0.189128577709198,
0.2898823320865631,
-0.01851825602352619,
-0.03147748112678528,
0.12982311844825745,
-0.04110389202833176,
0.3861922025680542,
0.4238618314266205,
-0.2824831008911133,
0.45501288771629333,
-0.06706534326076508,
-0.12486547231674194,
-0.449470192193985,
0.02206570841372013,
0.006384233944118023,
-0.47661834955215454,
-0.07017447054386139,
0.016308968886733055,
-0.5670298933982849,
-0.6526118516921997,
0.10531949251890182,
-0.6783368587493896,
-0.24115042388439178,
0.3103889524936676,
-0.1368231326341629,
0.13684117794036865,
0.3501027524471283,
0.2573229968547821,
-0.11566974222660065,
0.15832388401031494,
-0.13050267100334167,
0.36696651577949524,
-0.0879039466381073,
-0.20204220712184906,
-0.2085907757282257,
0.18343031406402588,
0.1672075241804123,
0.449842244386673,
-0.1567097157239914,
-0.12088338285684586,
0.25455471873283386,
0.17757084965705872,
0.012892872095108032,
-0.3008691370487213,
-0.396094411611557,
-0.7790888547897339,
-0.5481599569320679,
-0.05390889570116997,
0.19196093082427979,
0.8846386075019836,
-0.06222181394696236,
0.09447216987609863,
-0.47080662846565247,
0.1250205785036087,
0.084754578769207,
0.852946937084198,
0.423672616481781,
-0.4576551616191864,
-0.46189430356025696,
0.2846352159976959,
0.6711340546607971,
-0.3031901717185974,
-0.3269108235836029,
-0.37893128395080566,
-0.8591275811195374,
0.3472291827201843,
-0.8789440989494324,
-0.20539961755275726,
0.8354962468147278,
0.11351068317890167,
0.14420251548290253,
-0.09731833636760712,
0.2997860312461853,
0.9331223964691162,
0.32405778765678406,
0.39639389514923096,
0.1779191642999649,
-0.01107986643910408,
-0.3988831639289856,
0.18126338720321655,
-0.4270515739917755,
-0.5013517141342163,
0.28971537947654724,
0.14769023656845093,
-0.05750003084540367,
0.2779533863067627,
-0.8513648509979248,
-5.673854351043701,
0.1123201847076416,
-0.5743799209594727,
-0.5173928141593933,
0.3028351366519928,
-0.18691305816173553,
0.23957559466362,
-0.3965395987033844,
0.05181167647242546,
0.27436983585357666,
-0.21640750765800476,
-0.19545866549015045,
0.049876563251018524,
0.5757449269294739,
0.1104341372847557,
0.010589051991701126,
0.3765115439891815,
-0.42675334215164185,
-0.3374285399913788,
0.7429894208908081,
0.2232448160648346,
-0.05346766486763954,
0.4782470464706421,
0.6586408019065857,
0.3796948790550232,
-0.22555683553218842,
-0.014245718717575073,
-0.2614036798477173,
-0.42603689432144165,
-0.33932551741600037,
0.6806015968322754,
-0.3934973180294037,
0.12172198295593262,
-0.39171579480171204,
0.18107007443904877,
-0.08020936697721481,
0.5193076133728027,
0.4690747559070587,
0.17669646441936493,
-0.5124011039733887,
0.07156401127576828,
-0.29335540533065796,
-0.20011477172374725,
-0.387890100479126,
0.45479488372802734,
-0.16941463947296143,
0.10666941851377487,
-0.471983939409256,
-0.29290443658828735,
0.9131888151168823,
-0.0640014037489891,
0.9763094186782837,
0.5197514891624451,
-0.3442295491695404,
-0.18905548751354218,
-0.10496561229228973,
0.5395519137382507,
0.3203572928905487,
-0.17116038501262665,
-0.4247705936431885,
0.13431838154792786,
0.1845124214887619,
-0.03715074807405472,
-0.36763519048690796,
-0.15222209692001343,
-0.8731924295425415,
-0.7191987633705139,
-0.2600772976875305,
-0.23258836567401886,
0.6941820979118347,
-0.42196452617645264,
-0.04856853559613228,
0.2100682556629181,
-0.6502047777175903,
0.09088727086782455,
-0.798948347568512,
-0.43660303950309753,
-0.10512980818748474,
-0.03980470076203346,
-0.0476667620241642,
0.06317216157913208,
0.12474510073661804,
0.08670130372047424,
0.7541263699531555,
0.16271209716796875,
0.12846463918685913,
-0.5508893132209778,
0.13945236802101135,
-0.07454468309879303,
-0.40038350224494934,
0.9405122995376587,
-0.16283287107944489,
0.42624789476394653,
-0.16387531161308289,
0.6188874840736389,
0.11761366575956345,
0.1289067566394806,
0.05450645834207535,
0.31971314549446106,
-0.4860321581363678,
0.27538368105888367,
-0.16750921308994293,
0.013736073859035969,
-0.04352337867021561,
-0.22374777495861053,
-0.09882283210754395,
0.25991737842559814,
0.18363606929779053,
1.0242626667022705,
-1.0208139419555664,
-0.4381050765514374,
-0.49453386664390564,
-0.44858235120773315,
-0.23844239115715027,
-0.16354280710220337,
0.07290857285261154,
-0.23978526890277863,
0.414747416973114,
0.5386438369750977,
-0.30358657240867615,
0.1924484223127365,
0.6714562177658081,
0.03743777424097061,
-0.4134749472141266,
0.04572542384266853,
-0.5193949937820435,
0.03074537217617035,
-0.002219725865870714,
-0.21652096509933472,
-0.14963769912719727,
0.4493100643157959,
0.4711388647556305,
0.021697605028748512,
0.012488411739468575,
-0.2077191025018692,
0.05823267996311188,
0.5911536812782288,
0.11592956632375717,
-0.29979974031448364,
-0.46657344698905945,
0.42635852098464966,
0.3499603867530823,
0.24373042583465576,
0.13469618558883667,
0.8217469453811646,
0.03319106251001358,
-0.1623682975769043,
-0.00208641542121768,
-0.6171637177467346,
0.006932316813617945,
-0.028966328129172325,
-0.12251801788806915,
0.022335419431328773,
0.43469110131263733,
-0.11790794134140015,
-0.25382980704307556,
-0.11398233473300934,
-0.004582562949508429,
-0.23742851614952087,
-0.7176913022994995,
0.1206684485077858,
-0.28544798493385315,
-1.148945689201355,
0.30713191628456116,
0.3332289755344391,
0.40466204285621643,
-0.5459399223327637,
0.33708444237709045,
-0.37791287899017334,
0.14208005368709564,
0.9615597724914551,
-0.3969690501689911,
0.3587797284126282,
-0.3145847022533417,
0.22867713868618011,
-0.39203357696533203,
0.19442321360111237,
0.06793267279863358,
-0.48493948578834534,
-0.25252416729927063,
0.2993069887161255,
-1.0853216648101807,
-0.5890567302703857,
-0.2186552733182907,
-0.4630918502807617,
-0.8490740060806274,
0.22124645113945007,
-0.2788656949996948,
-0.5132856965065002,
-0.47777843475341797,
0.06543467193841934,
-0.45419076085090637,
0.047832779586315155,
0.3584648370742798,
-0.36782190203666687,
-0.08229756355285645,
-0.028247367590665817,
0.3884255290031433,
0.007021785248070955,
0.33610355854034424,
0.16859163343906403,
-0.03809002786874771,
-0.8389265537261963,
-0.1472844034433365,
-0.42567136883735657,
-0.23607228696346283,
0.11603377759456635,
0.6587291359901428,
-0.45504724979400635,
0.7954339385032654,
-0.7017501592636108,
0.0022219521924853325,
-0.08441673964262009,
0.0183918084949255,
-0.17229503393173218,
-0.5968968272209167,
0.007466768380254507,
0.24447192251682281,
-0.12739719450473785,
-0.2906803488731384,
0.09018712490797043,
0.08386462926864624,
0.0967114046216011,
-0.23288549482822418,
0.1255759298801422,
0.3158048093318939,
-0.3278895616531372,
-0.5377536416053772,
0.15711897611618042,
-0.529586136341095,
-0.419499009847641,
-0.11082671582698822,
-0.40096336603164673,
0.24660371243953705,
-0.15603207051753998,
-0.10680058598518372,
-0.5471915602684021,
0.4049569368362427,
0.46001994609832764,
0.09791135787963867,
0.33689290285110474,
0.8180050253868103,
-0.09275289624929428,
-0.08632291853427887,
-0.11016349494457245,
0.4717054069042206,
0.7569858431816101,
-0.21786625683307648,
-0.5449262261390686,
0.47777390480041504,
0.30514949560165405,
-0.778657078742981,
0.030460551381111145,
0.08542361110448837,
-0.33833563327789307,
-0.053385742008686066,
-0.5565987825393677,
0.32128238677978516,
-0.09577243775129318,
0.4600690007209778,
-0.2675307095050812,
-0.47553300857543945,
-0.858501136302948,
0.15867646038532257,
0.36214110255241394,
-0.881997287273407,
-0.3743993043899536,
0.29044774174690247,
0.03980489447712898,
-0.38693010807037354,
0.06743454933166504,
-0.39027488231658936,
0.30267441272735596,
-0.09501189738512039,
0.3333899974822998,
0.05895727500319481,
-0.30460986495018005,
-0.2350773811340332,
0.20817172527313232,
0.12908895313739777,
-0.24983900785446167,
-0.48853233456611633,
-0.14261358976364136,
-0.8442133069038391,
0.39441317319869995,
-0.6423438787460327,
0.4116085469722748,
0.2385614514350891,
-0.5038823485374451,
0.19025558233261108,
0.15705960988998413,
-0.6824853420257568,
-0.5834367275238037,
0.14880411326885223,
-0.650179386138916,
0.332215815782547,
0.03534417226910591,
0.49003350734710693,
0.21807463467121124,
-0.03642032667994499,
-0.11382488906383514,
1.0312669277191162,
0.1130177229642868,
-0.3929844796657562,
0.598747193813324,
0.4347926378250122,
0.1483117640018463,
-0.06482202559709549,
0.13890208303928375,
-0.24840618669986725,
-0.2522357106208801,
-0.23492304980754852,
0.7516292333602905,
0.8161300420761108,
-0.2603899836540222,
0.4826793968677521,
0.2754635512828827,
-0.5108643770217896,
0.43893012404441833,
0.06888718903064728,
-0.4912435710430145,
-0.4367450177669525,
0.5238948464393616,
-0.08520115166902542,
0.08064532279968262,
0.2446436733007431,
0.2172703593969345,
-0.36866676807403564,
0.38466107845306396,
-0.11784061789512634,
0.12273776531219482,
0.422054260969162,
-0.255275696516037,
0.9399304389953613,
-0.10016269981861115,
0.018568821251392365,
-0.21667993068695068,
-0.7782420516014099,
-0.3474215865135193,
0.9484077095985413,
0.9041458964347839,
0.23164375126361847,
0.4872618317604065,
0.31328749656677246,
0.4063533544540405,
0.48687219619750977,
0.06319914758205414,
0.43174514174461365,
-0.0696786567568779,
-0.4108808934688568,
0.28036031126976013,
-0.38602739572525024,
0.6836917996406555,
0.11635588854551315,
0.416622132062912,
-0.6408836841583252,
0.345508873462677,
0.0777943804860115,
-0.3322508931159973,
-0.4442211389541626,
-0.07903794944286346,
-0.07113850116729736,
0.8717119693756104,
-0.48407691717147827,
0.11322478950023651,
-0.5337689518928528,
0.4318754971027374,
-0.05942871794104576,
-0.7751191258430481,
0.2657887041568756,
-0.026425370946526527,
0.1063765212893486,
-0.31073683500289917,
0.12506571412086487,
0.2317219078540802,
0.66414874792099,
0.048317380249500275,
0.365111768245697,
0.21560975909233093,
-0.27986446022987366,
-0.3578898310661316,
-0.28898152709007263,
-0.6628882884979248,
-0.670121431350708,
-0.2804102599620819,
0.22126606106758118,
-0.31016016006469727,
0.24833767116069794,
-0.4996148645877838,
0.42451757192611694,
-0.3154434263706207,
-0.08123201876878738,
0.06302576512098312,
0.17509852349758148,
0.032804809510707855,
0.24873128533363342,
-0.20882824063301086,
0.8365163207054138,
0.1072392389178276,
-0.3585550785064697,
0.17736291885375977,
0.24529783427715302,
0.05272534489631653,
-0.23327572643756866,
-0.7166287899017334,
-0.11365446448326111,
0.1667984426021576,
-0.05329447239637375,
-0.30660954117774963,
0.4573693573474884,
0.30146047472953796,
0.23116886615753174,
0.1686735600233078,
-0.22295084595680237,
0.37079718708992004,
0.11500371247529984,
0.8004407286643982,
-0.46980220079421997,
-0.09137947112321854,
-0.5480717420578003,
0.6554439067840576,
0.14769931137561798,
0.3273189663887024,
0.7820252180099487,
-0.2238493263721466,
-0.06556772440671921,
-0.050990644842386246,
0.2619182765483856,
-0.6098936200141907,
0.5648603439331055,
-0.3963063955307007,
-0.31718963384628296,
0.1453484743833542,
0.3679894506931305,
-0.2243221253156662,
0.023779865354299545,
0.1826183944940567,
0.7528207302093506,
0.391615092754364,
-0.3794221878051758,
-0.5839653015136719,
-0.16252708435058594,
0.3705544173717499,
0.3399184048175812,
0.17146709561347961,
-0.27340593934059143,
-0.1372201144695282,
0.2689830958843231,
-0.3064376413822174,
-0.042400062084198,
-0.47161993384361267,
-0.02646220102906227,
-0.09590217471122742,
0.5091949701309204,
-0.502083420753479,
-0.4796455204486847,
0.2724493741989136,
-0.135332852602005,
0.3660282492637634,
0.9646464586257935
]
|
123428 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turn-based%20strategy | Turn-based strategy | A turn-based strategy (TBS) game is a strategy game (usually some type of wargame, especially a strategic-level wargame) where players take turns when playing. This is distinguished from real-time strategy (RTS), in which all players play simultaneously.
Examples
Board games
Many board games are turn based, such as chess, Reversi, checkers, Hare games, and Go, as well as many modern board games.
Turn-based tactics
Turn-based tactical game-play is characterized by the expectation of players to complete their tasks by using the combat forces provided to them, and usually by the provision of a realistic (or at least believable) representation of military tactics and operations. Tactical role-playing games are a part of this genre. Examples include Fire Emblem, The Battle for Wesnoth, Poxnora, Silent Storm, Steel Panthers: World at War!, King's Bounty, Great Big War Game, Nintendo Wars, UniWar, XCOM 2 and Chessaria: The Tactical Adventure.
Mainstream computer games
After a period of converting board and historic TBS games to computer games, companies began basing computer turn-based strategy games on completely original properties or concepts. The presence of a computer to calculate and arbitrate allows game complexity which is not feasible in a traditional board game.
Some well known turn-based strategy games are Sid Meier's Civilization series, Heroes of Might and Magic series, Panzer General series, Warlords series, and Age of Wonders series.
Indie games
A further market trend is the rise of "Indie" TBS games (games produced by small groups, independent or only somewhat affiliated with the major elements in the computer games industry). These games often extend or refine already existing TBS games. Examples include Freeciv or Golden Age of Civilizations.
Open-source games
Since turn-based strategy games do not typically require vast amounts of art or modeling, developers willing to volunteer their time can focus on gameplay. Directories like Freecode provide large lists of open-source, turn-based strategy projects.
Browser-based games
Online browser-based games do not require users to install files and are often free. The Hex Empire set of games is a good example of browser-based games in this genre.
See also
List of turn-based strategy video games
Time-keeping systems in games
Real-time strategy
References
Video game genres
Video game terminology | [
0.09881307184696198,
-0.19003522396087646,
-0.5154674053192139,
0.0324239507317543,
-0.17615152895450592,
0.07022782415151596,
-0.0193774476647377,
0.02840277925133705,
-0.16484564542770386,
-0.6039491891860962,
-0.37635537981987,
0.5445240139961243,
-0.41287219524383545,
-0.22427120804786682,
-0.2033701390028,
0.4110921025276184,
0.15941357612609863,
-0.12160138040781021,
0.055238157510757446,
-0.10333460569381714,
-0.41216227412223816,
0.1452832967042923,
-0.052007462829351425,
-0.11654787510633469,
-0.08017868548631668,
0.20344588160514832,
0.41028785705566406,
0.08510193973779678,
-0.07930027693510056,
0.12001483142375946,
0.11256354302167892,
0.4414217472076416,
0.1856214553117752,
0.11670678853988647,
0.0688880980014801,
-0.10208173096179962,
-0.2286601960659027,
0.04213586077094078,
-0.46059077978134155,
-0.3692101240158081,
-0.005522239021956921,
-0.31885093450546265,
0.49171003699302673,
0.48713186383247375,
0.38541561365127563,
-0.3542882204055786,
-1.5980682373046875,
0.29654115438461304,
-0.4969385862350464,
-0.012255530804395676,
-0.1594352424144745,
0.2782607972621918,
0.2813262641429901,
0.47882023453712463,
0.07990404963493347,
0.6532355546951294,
0.047646403312683105,
0.0020546296145766973,
0.0006149878026917577,
-0.3469393253326416,
0.0674600675702095,
0.1782298982143402,
0.188203364610672,
0.22672878205776215,
-0.01666446402668953,
-0.02627093531191349,
-0.14486278593540192,
0.27734512090682983,
-0.4300974905490875,
-0.7198212742805481,
-0.27728497982025146,
-0.1215709000825882,
-0.357314795255661,
0.11256567388772964,
-0.3113708794116974,
-0.06895837932825089,
0.27643346786499023,
-0.09592841565608978,
-0.06757161021232605,
-0.0653311163187027,
-0.26912394165992737,
0.4075983166694641,
0.22899824380874634,
-0.03735776245594025,
0.49090322852134705,
-0.028266696259379387,
-0.3082073926925659,
0.4642135798931122,
-0.6334201097488403,
0.5175654292106628,
0.3876255750656128,
-0.2856011986732483,
0.6161734461784363,
-0.20150603353977203,
0.08074663579463959,
0.3455100655555725,
-0.11282143741846085,
0.7828688025474548,
0.6337431073188782,
0.24250651895999908,
-0.1509466916322708,
-0.2817353308200836,
0.32724443078041077,
0.04248705506324768,
-0.2628023624420166,
-0.4184480607509613,
0.016123881563544273,
-0.8104418516159058,
-0.1497802436351776,
0.2712971866130829,
-0.7683148384094238,
0.10294234752655029,
0.5370094776153564,
-0.2016335278749466,
-0.3050655722618103,
0.395136296749115,
-0.19722354412078857,
0.3705527186393738,
-0.24653176963329315,
0.42296648025512695,
0.40760210156440735,
0.7068005204200745,
-0.23035968840122223,
0.24836519360542297,
0.31845009326934814,
0.1093783751130104,
0.49867695569992065,
0.7973361015319824,
-0.4767802059650421,
-0.21053184568881989,
0.3993498682975769,
0.46990418434143066,
-0.31101348996162415,
0.6554086208343506,
-0.21239031851291656,
-0.26609018445014954,
0.5442583560943604,
-0.2661820948123932,
0.08550848811864853,
0.16282318532466888,
-0.8835523128509521,
-0.4029812812805176,
0.13946621119976044,
-0.01904549077153206,
0.57974773645401,
-0.03793998062610626,
0.4061492383480072,
-0.6771068572998047,
-0.34908825159072876,
-0.011678140610456467,
0.049214161932468414,
-0.10906828194856644,
-0.16338449716567993,
0.3118152916431427,
-0.23057223856449127,
0.2474314272403717,
0.20362131297588348,
-0.45212051272392273,
-0.0097281439229846,
0.32473739981651306,
-0.000900737417396158,
-0.1351718157529831,
-0.42525219917297363,
-0.3184780776500702,
0.19636467099189758,
-0.6001639366149902,
0.6258916258811951,
0.2726892828941345,
0.20932647585868835,
0.04969969019293785,
-0.6425672769546509,
0.3359314501285553,
0.2409077137708664,
-0.2680048942565918,
0.24678939580917358,
-0.10061991959810257,
0.19741997122764587,
0.3377225399017334,
1.2932573556900024,
-0.13715636730194092,
-0.6012117862701416,
-0.27131423354148865,
0.4979362189769745,
-0.5575889945030212,
0.2875427007675171,
-0.08247548341751099,
0.318011999130249,
-0.6721514463424683,
0.29063472151756287,
0.2635110914707184,
-0.5701727867126465,
0.14196015894412994,
0.04415943846106529,
-0.6244549751281738,
1.2935309410095215,
-0.4095916152000427,
-0.6678161025047302,
0.8104430437088013,
0.15895099937915802,
0.21607184410095215,
-0.0432550385594368,
-0.09564096480607986,
0.21659325063228607,
0.2656809091567993,
-0.24625417590141296,
0.1283339560031891,
0.11745980381965637,
0.2055378556251526,
-0.3105252981185913,
0.506817638874054,
-0.1480572670698166,
-0.0030475629027932882,
0.10744544863700867,
0.08949340134859085,
0.22597220540046692,
0.3054119944572449,
-0.3837755024433136,
0.6352476477622986,
-0.06136518344283104,
-0.171770840883255,
0.44539183378219604,
-0.46785104274749756,
-0.38105180859565735,
0.6326978802680969,
-0.2562604546546936,
0.23701760172843933,
0.40445655584335327,
0.28695860505104065,
0.7367064356803894,
-0.5180405378341675,
-0.2100372314453125,
0.4032137095928192,
0.5143514275550842,
-0.5929551720619202,
-0.11847000569105148,
0.1444513350725174,
0.41163375973701477,
-0.35570788383483887,
-0.4069564640522003,
0.041384823620319366,
0.21912738680839539,
0.19169268012046814,
0.13953255116939545,
0.011279421858489513,
0.13099177181720734,
0.017754631116986275,
-0.39431557059288025,
0.4150784909725189,
-0.3667183518409729,
0.013708850368857384,
-0.1537649780511856,
0.34723183512687683,
0.5765938758850098,
-0.6824483275413513,
-0.6078078150749207,
0.19115804135799408,
-0.278589129447937,
-0.46937334537506104,
0.037065207958221436,
-0.3369992673397064,
-0.17940281331539154,
0.18817943334579468,
-0.429002583026886,
-0.2300853729248047,
0.041691266000270844,
-0.5438866019248962,
-0.8052431344985962,
0.04629887267947197,
0.07535550743341446,
0.6384811997413635,
0.6219773292541504,
-0.19119152426719666,
-0.6799384951591492,
-0.009722177870571613,
-0.3925948143005371,
-0.8290340304374695,
0.19787245988845825,
0.3378661572933197,
-0.5756710767745972,
-0.4276100695133209,
-0.17173531651496887,
0.19781559705734253,
0.5938824415206909,
-0.03857829049229622,
-0.6302714943885803,
-0.3359209895133972,
0.13744044303894043,
-0.20185136795043945,
-0.10414471477270126,
-0.21901462972164154,
-0.11900599300861359,
0.3602202534675598,
0.06922108680009842,
-0.03096788190305233,
0.6324301958084106,
0.43140289187431335,
-0.3989087641239166,
-0.10988600552082062,
0.3221166431903839,
0.24646294116973877,
-0.04955795407295227,
-0.06434259563684464,
0.14003123342990875,
-0.32728564739227295,
0.35710108280181885,
-0.5009991526603699,
-0.3899697959423065,
0.49530529975891113,
-5.89762544631958,
-0.5468874573707581,
-0.33311551809310913,
-0.2572888135910034,
0.1863488405942917,
0.12450391799211502,
0.45346707105636597,
-0.34174299240112305,
-0.0748533084988594,
-0.04087327420711517,
-0.17370371520519257,
0.18754301965236664,
-0.22134795784950256,
0.2636183500289917,
0.8322215676307678,
0.2832775115966797,
0.880791962146759,
-0.03662841022014618,
0.2721506953239441,
0.09424775838851929,
0.0015932833775877953,
0.11597152054309845,
-0.18977782130241394,
0.9543429613113403,
-0.0627829059958458,
0.6206551790237427,
0.04881776124238968,
-0.35409173369407654,
0.25707367062568665,
-0.2643823027610779,
-0.07402786612510681,
-0.08511918038129807,
-0.017360126599669456,
0.09908278286457062,
0.16335423290729523,
0.20758555829524994,
0.47850728034973145,
0.1661089062690735,
-0.08812836557626724,
-0.16927433013916016,
0.11433367431163788,
0.5130358934402466,
-0.010195639915764332,
0.09772278368473053,
0.20519305765628815,
-0.3203541040420532,
-0.11135351657867432,
0.4695669412612915,
-0.5566399693489075,
0.15939924120903015,
-0.08061974495649338,
0.05533866211771965,
0.16215381026268005,
0.37155482172966003,
0.07960443198680878,
-0.3157643973827362,
0.2884754538536072,
-0.424778014421463,
0.02331364154815674,
0.5256406664848328,
0.4169372320175171,
-0.725649893283844,
-0.19893665611743927,
-0.40201711654663086,
0.21270938217639923,
-0.32203784584999084,
-0.3480909764766693,
-0.4610230028629303,
0.3392415940761566,
0.648678183555603,
-0.5648226737976074,
0.22296753525733948,
0.3484744727611542,
-0.7481101155281067,
0.6648127436637878,
0.05174621194601059,
0.06604903191328049,
-0.03428376466035843,
0.42446598410606384,
0.21763554215431213,
-0.07092875242233276,
-0.27536290884017944,
-0.12435995042324066,
-0.1706080585718155,
0.0417870357632637,
-0.15510307252407074,
0.145863339304924,
0.4311501979827881,
-0.25873851776123047,
0.09541398286819458,
0.8783437609672546,
-0.14888884127140045,
0.686434268951416,
0.2521190941333771,
0.7814453840255737,
0.9065733551979065,
0.46514737606048584,
-0.2594512104988098,
0.6228418350219727,
-0.6724867224693298,
0.37108978629112244,
-0.26802757382392883,
0.18848535418510437,
-0.44945141673088074,
-0.10154673457145691,
0.2916822135448456,
-0.10848595947027206,
0.4677773714065552,
0.8145410418510437,
0.03853345662355423,
-0.047981902956962585,
0.39857643842697144,
-0.6203970313072205,
-0.3677968382835388,
0.1767135113477707,
0.2171124815940857,
-0.3224882483482361,
0.13012751936912537,
0.07593166828155518,
0.30481019616127014,
-0.28280511498451233,
-0.21287716925144196,
-0.3404954671859741,
0.004853564314544201,
0.054924510419368744,
-0.7652709484100342,
-0.06870679557323456,
-0.20249907672405243,
-0.14487086236476898,
0.0329853855073452,
0.6748628616333008,
0.47838127613067627,
-0.11399431526660919,
-0.05666348338127136,
-0.05042901635169983,
-0.3508504033088684,
-0.04043558984994888,
0.30329522490501404,
-0.08110280334949493,
-0.35656750202178955,
0.31972771883010864,
-0.6518867611885071,
-0.015300888568162918,
0.3085203170776367,
-0.3124557137489319,
0.055076465010643005,
-0.142777681350708,
-0.055081937462091446,
0.07619079202413559,
0.7683051824569702,
-0.38678276538848877,
-0.4246695935726166,
0.6256413459777832,
-0.42294055223464966,
0.2973802387714386,
-0.005242587998509407,
0.043362975120544434,
0.06367532163858414,
0.50624680519104,
-0.6709631085395813,
-0.10291924327611923,
-0.3634629249572754,
-1.228039264678955,
-0.04577448591589928,
-0.250803142786026,
0.16881191730499268,
-0.9759673476219177,
-0.42575860023498535,
0.28259459137916565,
0.5193662643432617,
-0.21352875232696533,
-0.8032634258270264,
-0.3430189788341522,
-0.27654966711997986,
-0.00044817436719313264,
-0.5479320883750916,
0.3619155287742615,
-0.11738409847021103,
-0.532045841217041,
-0.836001992225647,
0.020713016390800476,
-0.24934008717536926,
-0.28940317034721375,
0.6044906973838806,
0.4281176030635834,
-0.06931111961603165,
-0.13479219377040863,
0.5089209079742432,
-0.5059548020362854,
0.27696409821510315,
0.032084036618471146,
0.2971043586730957,
0.6105978488922119,
-0.21041031181812286,
0.08449869602918625,
0.006778613664209843,
0.21692931652069092,
0.47595787048339844,
-0.27415144443511963,
-0.5132080316543579,
0.06222488731145859,
0.29925337433815,
-0.49526000022888184,
-0.032903920859098434,
0.38875794410705566,
-0.30115869641304016,
0.4581848382949829,
-0.15556341409683228,
0.01908120885491371,
-0.09985008835792542,
-0.6148014068603516,
-0.5955424904823303,
-0.5548645257949829,
0.032774850726127625,
-0.6228410005569458,
0.2051144242286682,
-0.0723191499710083,
-0.5824000239372253,
-0.10636249929666519,
0.3679775595664978,
-0.002348698442801833,
-0.6496937870979309,
-0.5622004270553589,
0.08725731074810028,
-0.10981214046478271,
-0.07447227835655212,
0.420917272567749,
-0.6653380393981934,
0.1831749975681305,
0.2674461901187897,
-0.14551745355129242,
-0.44632166624069214,
0.01945902407169342,
0.0773569718003273,
0.02213359996676445,
-0.3862289488315582,
-0.3425111770629883,
0.28278404474258423,
-0.10583070665597916,
-0.5801724791526794,
0.08038409054279327,
0.6433606743812561,
0.18723110854625702,
-0.46973609924316406,
0.23720116913318634,
-0.09316296130418777,
0.4076271951198578,
-0.6835607290267944,
-0.48367229104042053,
0.37199005484580994,
0.4753429889678955,
-0.34062233567237854,
-0.5007702708244324,
-0.5061068534851074,
0.5396105647087097,
-0.4985749125480652,
-0.0704372301697731,
-0.1728515326976776,
-0.0854133740067482,
0.545293390750885,
-0.07380199432373047,
-0.13724978268146515,
-0.34206101298332214,
-0.34662047028541565,
0.1823752075433731,
-0.22687901556491852,
0.33451804518699646,
-0.2459317445755005,
0.05929051712155342,
-0.1327410191297531,
-0.01829303614795208,
-0.5605701208114624,
0.7611564993858337,
0.9011492133140564,
0.7056143283843994,
-0.4841901957988739,
0.07558143883943558,
0.011447598226368427,
-0.09557108581066132,
0.4009994864463806,
-0.4016561508178711,
-0.19201025366783142,
0.2500925660133362,
-0.6410688757896423,
-0.029369918629527092,
-0.7896875739097595,
0.1511758714914322,
-0.2286899983882904,
0.12032747268676758,
-0.3792508840560913,
-0.4128776788711548,
-0.1556861251592636,
-0.40447139739990234,
0.21708354353904724,
-0.5568172931671143,
-0.0380312018096447,
0.05155682936310768,
-0.2722057104110718,
-0.2562924325466156,
0.030451294034719467,
-0.28028926253318787,
0.9245589375495911,
-0.22622030973434448,
-0.28518128395080566,
0.3852763772010803,
-0.031805139034986496,
0.05615052580833435,
-0.6943880915641785,
-0.06280156970024109,
0.3879448473453522,
0.05009894073009491,
-0.0658087357878685,
0.2967420220375061,
0.46931082010269165,
-0.03176348656415939,
0.1716378927230835,
0.2270597219467163,
-0.5043219923973083,
0.41226252913475037,
0.031331099569797516,
0.4445433020591736,
0.22679319977760315,
0.8023985028266907,
-0.006609609350562096,
0.13595637679100037,
-0.0690462663769722,
-0.5164713859558105,
0.016866592690348625,
0.5327481627464294,
0.06868103891611099,
0.537539541721344,
0.6330034136772156,
-0.19703371822834015,
0.11050041764974594,
-0.13816936314105988,
-0.4102828800678253,
0.23343104124069214,
-0.5246396064758301,
0.16921550035476685,
0.3493107259273529,
0.6069916486740112,
-0.4923323094844818,
0.06848705559968948,
-0.13730986416339874,
-0.5053422451019287,
-0.026221876963973045,
0.6416056752204895,
-0.12408170849084854,
-1.190345287322998,
0.3553125262260437,
0.2589665353298187,
-0.2918575406074524,
0.19966275990009308,
-0.06545370072126389,
0.1802080124616623,
-0.32244032621383667,
-0.12961527705192566,
-0.5048896670341492,
0.3034912347793579,
-0.3413366973400116,
0.5714231133460999,
0.16691283881664276,
0.002379392273724079,
-0.5129107236862183,
0.26538896560668945,
0.4179714620113373,
0.41743385791778564,
-0.6476489901542664,
0.35032981634140015,
0.5073143839836121,
0.16442382335662842,
0.42447084188461304,
0.1797706037759781,
0.5670588612556458,
0.052386652678251266,
-0.19119000434875488,
0.2212604135274887,
0.4585062861442566,
-0.3519962430000305,
-0.16887560486793518,
-0.06591042876243591,
-0.08328279107809067,
-0.3533957004547119,
-0.5726669430732727,
-0.10040644556283951,
-0.3775899410247803,
0.037449780851602554,
0.3155679702758789,
-0.08184023946523666,
0.04858563840389252,
0.27735498547554016,
-0.5948377847671509,
-0.3768511116504669,
-0.03949633613228798,
-0.020823709666728973,
0.14003337919712067,
-0.0765758827328682,
0.9393596649169922,
0.5399793386459351,
0.6550191640853882,
0.10377386212348938,
-0.09189320355653763,
0.4069725275039673,
-0.012564731761813164,
-0.4100305736064911,
-0.27695709466934204,
-0.5604947805404663,
-0.10886776447296143,
-0.7147765755653381,
0.10501312464475632,
0.8301524519920349,
-0.1870669573545456,
-0.030889445915818214,
0.09554560482501984,
-0.22951756417751312,
0.1489345282316208,
0.9346727132797241,
-0.7100351452827454,
0.44048619270324707,
-0.29170456528663635,
-0.23234137892723083,
0.10354240983724594,
0.21891750395298004,
0.06717092543840408,
-0.6094661951065063,
0.16849198937416077,
0.566752552986145,
-0.4079299569129944,
-0.3409554958343506,
0.6116918921470642,
-0.4126529395580292,
-0.33752211928367615,
-0.4233030378818512,
0.6213191151618958,
-0.13040275871753693,
-0.38190194964408875,
0.5019325017929077,
0.38400477170944214,
0.57308429479599,
-0.7789492011070251,
0.272629976272583,
0.23638854920864105,
-0.09016718715429306,
0.2248840183019638,
-0.846721887588501,
0.20771749317646027,
-0.2681804895401001,
-0.2840951383113861,
0.054599348455667496,
0.4606752395629883,
0.14777955412864685,
-0.4985653758049011,
-0.12269526720046997,
0.28266477584838867,
-0.1818554848432541,
0.5416996479034424,
0.16927023231983185,
-1.1637372970581055,
-0.15715089440345764,
0.6153191328048706
]
|
123431 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noises%20Off | Noises Off | Noises Off is a 1982 play by the English playwright Michael Frayn. Frayn conceived the idea in 1970 while watching from the wings a performance of The Two of Us, a farce that he had written for Lynn Redgrave. He said, "It was funnier from behind than in front, and I thought that one day I must write a farce from behind." The prototype, a short-lived one-act play called Exits, was written and performed in 1977. At the request of his associate, Michael Codron, Frayn expanded this into what would become Noises Off. It takes its title from the theatrical stage direction indicating sounds coming from offstage.
Characters of Noises Off
Lloyd Dallas: The director of a play-within-the-play, Nothing On. Temperamental, exacting and sarcastic. Involved with both Brooke and Poppy.
Dotty Otley: A middle-aged television star who is not only the top-billed star but also one of the play's principal investors. Dating the much younger Garry.
Garry Lejeune: The play's leading man, a solid actor who is completely incapable of finishing a sentence unless it is dialogue. Constantly stutters and ends sentences with "you know..." Dating Dotty and prone to jealousy.
Brooke Ashton: A young, inexperienced actress from London. She pays no attention to others, either in performance or backstage, and persists in her role as scripted regardless of any interruption or mayhem. She is always losing her contact lenses, which she is blind without. Part of the Lloyd–Poppy–Brooke love triangle.
Frederick (Freddie) Fellowes: Has a serious fear of violence and blood, both of which give him nosebleeds. Well-meaning, but lacks confidence and is rather dim-witted.
Belinda Blair: Cheerful and sensible, a reliable actress and the company's de facto peacemaker. Something of a gossip, and a bit two-faced. Has a rather protective attitude towards Freddie.
Selsdon Mowbray: An elderly, half-deaf "pro" with a long, storied career and a drinking problem. If he is not in sight while rehearsing, the stage crew must find him before he finds anything alcoholic.
Poppy Norton-Taylor: Assistant Stage Manager and understudy to the female roles. Emotional, skittish and over-sensitive. Part of the Lloyd-Poppy-Brooke love triangle and, by act two, pregnant with Lloyd's baby.
Tim Allgood: The over-worked and easily flustered Stage Manager, who must understudy, fix the set and run Lloyd's errands on top of his usual duties.
Characters of the play-within-the-play, Nothing On
Mrs. Clackett (Dotty): The Cockney housekeeper for the Brents' home. A hospitable, though slow-witted and slow-moving, chatterbox.
Roger Tramplemain (Garry): An estate agent looking to let Flavia's and Philip's house.
Vicki (Brooke): A girl Roger is attempting to seduce (or perhaps a girl trying to seduce Roger). Works for the tax authorities.
Philip Brent (Freddie): Lives out of the country with his wife Flavia to avoid paying taxes and is on a secret visit.
Flavia Brent (Belinda): Philip Brent's wife. She is dependable, though not one for household duties.
Burglar (Selsdon): An old man in his seventies, breaking into the Brents' house.
Sheikh (Freddie): Interested in renting the house.
Plot
Each of the three acts of Noises Off contains a performance of the first act of a play within a play, a sex farce called Nothing On. The three acts of Noises Off are each named "Act One" on the contents page of the script, though they are labelled normally in the body of the script, and the programme for Noises Off will include, provided by the author, a comprehensive programme for the Weston-super-Mare run of Nothing On, including spoof advertisements (for sardines) and acknowledgments to the providers of mysterious props that do not actually appear (e.g. stethoscope, hospital trolley, and straitjacket). Nothing is seen of the rest of Nothing On.
Nothing On is the type of play in which young girls run about in their underwear, old men drop their trousers, and many doors continually bang open and shut. It is set in "a delightful 16th-century posset mill", modernised by the current owners and available to let while they are abroad; the fictional playwright is appropriately named Robin Housemonger.
Act One is set at the technical rehearsal at the (fictional) Grand Theatre in Weston-super-Mare; It is midnight, the night before the first performance and the cast are hopelessly unready. Baffled by entrances and exits, missed cues, missed lines, and bothersome props, including several plates of sardines, they drive Lloyd, their director, into a seething rage and back several times during the run.
Act Two shows a Wednesday matinée performance one month later, at the (fictional) Theatre Royal in Ashton-under-Lyne. In this act, the play is seen from backstage, providing a view that emphasises the deteriorating relationships between the cast. Romantic rivalries, lovers' tiffs and personal quarrels lead to offstage shenanigans, onstage bedlam and the occasional attack with a fire axe.
Act Three depicts performance near the end of the ten-week run, at the (fictional) Municipal Theatre in Stockton-on-Tees. Relationships between the cast have soured considerably, the set is breaking down and props are winding up in the wrong hands, on the floor, and in the way. The actors remain determined at all costs to cover up the mounting chaos, but it is not long before the plot has to be abandoned entirely and the more coherent characters are obliged to take a lead in ad-libbing towards some sort of end.
Much of the comedy emerges from the subtle variations in each version as character flaws play off each other off-stage to undermine on-stage performance, with a great deal of slapstick. The contrast between players' on-stage and off-stage personalities is also a source of comic dissonance.
Production history
The play premièred at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith, London in 1982, directed by Michael Blakemore and starring Patricia Routledge, Paul Eddington, and Nicky Henson. It opened to excellent reviews and shortly after transferred to the Savoy Theatre in the West End, where it ran until 1987 with five successive casts. It won the Evening Standard Award for Best Comedy.
On 11 December 1983, a production directed again by Blakemore and starring Dorothy Loudon, Victor Garber, Brian Murray, Jim Piddock, Deborah Rush, Douglas Seale, and Amy Wright opened on Broadway at the Brooks Atkinson Theatre, where it ran for 553 performances. It earned Tony Award nominations for Best Play and for Blakemore, Rush, and Seale, and won a Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Ensemble.
Noises Off has become a staple of both professional theatre companies and community theatres on both sides of the Atlantic. On 5 October 2000, the National Theatre in London mounted a revival, directed by Jeremy Sams and starring Patricia Hodge, Peter Egan and Aden Gillett, that ran for two years, transferring to the Piccadilly Theatre in the West End on 14 May 2001 with Lynn Redgrave and Stephen Mangan replacing Hodge and Egan, respectively. Sams' production transferred to Broadway, again at the Brooks Atkinson Theatre, on 1 November 2001, with Patti LuPone, Peter Gallagher, Faith Prince, T. R. Knight, and Katie Finneran. The production was nominated for a Tony and Drama Desk Award as Best Revival of a Play, and Finneran was named Best Featured Actress by both groups.
Frayn has repeatedly rewritten the play over the years. The last revision was in 2000 at the request of Jeremy Sams. There are numerous differences between the 1982 and 2000 scripts. Some new sequences have been added (e.g., an introduction to Act Three, in which Tim, the Company Stage Manager, and Poppy, the Assistant Stage Manager, make simultaneous apologies – the former in front of the curtain, the latter over the PA – for the delay in the performance). Other sequences have been altered or cut entirely. References that tend to date the play (such as Mrs. Clackett's to the Brents having colour television) have been eliminated or rewritten.
A London production ran from 3 December 2011 to 10 March 2012 at the Old Vic Theatre, directed by Lindsay Posner and starring Jonathan Coy, Janie Dee, Robert Glenister, Jamie Glover, Celia Imrie, Karl Johnson, Aisling Loftus, Amy Nuttall and Paul Ready. This production transferred to the Novello Theatre in the West End from 24 March to 30 June 2012, and then toured Britain and Ireland with a different cast.
A Broadway revival, produced by Roundabout Theatre Company, started in previews at the American Airlines Theatre on 17 December 2015, and opened on 14 January 2016. The cast featured Andrea Martin (Dotty Otley), Megan Hilty (Brooke Ashton), Campbell Scott (Lloyd Dallas), Jeremy Shamos (Frederick Fellowes), David Furr (Gary Lejeune), Rob McClure (Tim Allgood), Daniel Davis (Selsdon Mowbray), Kate Jennings Grant (Belinda Blair), and Tracee Chimo (Poppy Norton-Taylor). The revival ran its limited run through 13 March 2016, extending by one week due to popular demand. The production was nominated for 2016 Tony Awards for Best Revival of Play, Best Featured Actress for Martin and Hilty, Best Featured Actor for Furr, and Best Costume Design.
An Australian production was mounted at the Queensland Performing Arts Centre, where it ran for three weeks as part of Queensland Theatre Company's 2017 season. After the season with QTC, the show then transferred to the Playhouse Theatre, where it ran from 8 July to 12 August with Melbourne Theatre Company. The cast featured Simon Burke as Lloyd Dallas, Emily Goddard as Poppy Norton-Taylor, Libby Munro as Brooke Ashton, Ray Chong Nee as Garry Lejeune, Hugh Parker as Frederick Fellowes, James Saunders as Timothy Allgood, Louise Siversen as Dotty Otley, Steven Tandy as Selsdon Mowbray and Nicki Wendt as Belinda Blair. In Australia it has been produced many times and in many places from 1982 to 2017.
The play returned for a short run at the Garrick Theatre, with previews from 27 September 2019 and the main production starting 3 October 2019.
Film adaptation
In 1992, the play was adapted for the screen by Marty Kaplan. The film, directed by Peter Bogdanovich and starring Carol Burnett, Michael Caine, Christopher Reeve, John Ritter, Nicollette Sheridan, Denholm Elliott, Julie Hagerty, Mark Linn-Baker and Marilu Henner, received mixed reviews, with many critics noting it was too much of a theatrical piece to translate well to the screen. Frank Rich, who had called it "the funniest play written in my lifetime", wrote that the film is "one of the worst ever made".
Awards and honours
First Broadway production
2001 Broadway revival
2016 Broadway revival
References
External links
Review of Broadway revival by Matthew Murray, 1 November 2001
1982 plays
Broadway plays
Comedy plays
Laurence Olivier Award-winning plays
Metafictional plays
British plays adapted into films
Plays by Michael Frayn
West End plays | [
0.26628485321998596,
0.8472695350646973,
-0.2755834758281708,
-0.5187593698501587,
-0.24487662315368652,
0.2109808325767517,
-0.1252250224351883,
0.06099255383014679,
0.15810374915599823,
0.13142068684101105,
-0.07807139307260513,
0.5969794392585754,
-0.17600524425506592,
0.22075705230236053,
-0.05184125900268555,
0.27972638607025146,
0.30910810828208923,
-0.04011591523885727,
-0.08121366053819656,
-0.01915133371949196,
0.05427616462111473,
-0.3753984868526459,
0.3044734597206116,
0.1122979149222374,
-0.11082955449819565,
0.39903372526168823,
-0.007638299837708473,
-0.6288774609565735,
0.15827684104442596,
0.22945256531238556,
-0.10851424932479858,
0.7931540608406067,
0.21120058000087738,
-0.6386212706565857,
0.03692524507641792,
0.3343062102794647,
-0.82254958152771,
-0.3314714729785919,
-0.276821494102478,
-0.0889589935541153,
0.13909171521663666,
-0.09863438457250595,
0.5481880903244019,
0.245502308011055,
-0.14169354736804962,
-0.16976933181285858,
-2.0068624019622803,
-0.07601720094680786,
-0.9339048266410828,
-0.008091491647064686,
0.3785625398159027,
0.075884610414505,
0.9309661984443665,
-0.03471878916025162,
-0.08608563244342804,
0.22273127734661102,
-0.5296833515167236,
0.05990959703922272,
0.03995645046234131,
-0.16109918057918549,
0.14269281923770905,
-0.07848887890577316,
0.26770469546318054,
-0.3988635838031769,
0.21642225980758667,
0.07832082360982895,
-0.1859636753797531,
0.44882458448410034,
0.21054337918758392,
0.031428150832653046,
-0.4403892159461975,
-0.1608162224292755,
-0.018563516438007355,
-0.22907298803329468,
0.12230032682418823,
-0.3538838028907776,
1.0604103803634644,
-0.2929193675518036,
0.08474161475896835,
0.5511872172355652,
-0.2245500683784485,
0.36618125438690186,
0.6155605316162109,
0.231502965092659,
0.25124022364616394,
-0.17241305112838745,
-0.21519356966018677,
0.42341041564941406,
-0.3946620225906372,
0.0721292570233345,
-0.4540495276451111,
-0.43151313066482544,
-0.023714900016784668,
0.04202885553240776,
0.3916049301624298,
0.10983339697122574,
-0.19899433851242065,
0.20182541012763977,
0.024405013769865036,
0.2620807886123657,
0.2504827082157135,
0.4349742531776428,
0.628054141998291,
-0.015202749520540237,
-0.06789813190698624,
-0.675247311592102,
-0.006650881841778755,
-0.9069103002548218,
0.37655240297317505,
-0.2121037244796753,
-0.4655601382255554,
0.40594324469566345,
-0.07954565435647964,
-0.2123909443616867,
0.09535754472017288,
0.38018712401390076,
0.325234591960907,
0.00367893953807652,
-0.5193431377410889,
-0.3918476700782776,
-0.07956871390342712,
0.025249134749174118,
0.012367687188088894,
0.41330835223197937,
-0.8379634618759155,
0.02642081491649151,
0.3184397220611572,
0.43277403712272644,
-0.6310998201370239,
-0.15536589920520782,
-0.10063235461711884,
0.6070681214332581,
-0.4043707251548767,
-0.2174164354801178,
-0.016650019213557243,
-0.12220481038093567,
0.8193150162696838,
0.13793475925922394,
-0.18647366762161255,
-0.1570310741662979,
-0.1472230851650238,
-0.025388574227690697,
-0.8785409331321716,
-0.1369979977607727,
0.6650601625442505,
-0.14329630136489868,
-0.5535410642623901,
0.09578800946474075,
-0.5684847235679626,
-0.3482093811035156,
0.2936607301235199,
-0.1045733094215393,
-0.032168854027986526,
-0.1791900247335434,
-0.18391728401184082,
-0.09314905852079391,
0.530325710773468,
-0.005777805112302303,
0.28429603576660156,
-0.018529223278164864,
0.20681463181972504,
0.23329661786556244,
0.16486188769340515,
-0.31371256709098816,
0.15369625389575958,
-0.2617097795009613,
0.18937449157238007,
-0.265677273273468,
0.24894706904888153,
0.06885882467031479,
0.17075106501579285,
0.8173254132270813,
0.2060147076845169,
-0.3271888196468353,
0.6159626245498657,
-0.19680315256118774,
0.8639434576034546,
0.7467747330665588,
0.34560975432395935,
0.2286788523197174,
-0.48340466618537903,
-0.44378766417503357,
0.22374235093593597,
-0.3277839124202728,
0.3524472117424011,
0.3944448232650757,
0.027312643826007843,
0.05841286852955818,
0.14575861394405365,
0.3058556914329529,
-0.25386935472488403,
-0.7810387015342712,
0.3605799973011017,
-0.0049109370447695255,
0.7539312839508057,
0.4443988502025604,
-0.1272692233324051,
0.19909140467643738,
0.41210004687309265,
0.3838822543621063,
-0.31339481472969055,
0.13725951313972473,
0.5175936222076416,
0.5321616530418396,
-0.16564813256263733,
0.4507572650909424,
-0.128294438123703,
0.011892566457390785,
0.3327578008174896,
0.970238208770752,
0.4566054344177246,
-0.43995189666748047,
0.9250795245170593,
0.07730060815811157,
-0.23423027992248535,
-0.35209542512893677,
-0.24596893787384033,
0.4538232088088989,
-0.3715208172798157,
-0.4347820281982422,
0.1686876267194748,
0.5328233242034912,
0.07272470742464066,
0.7104610800743103,
-0.10930293798446655,
1.2746920585632324,
0.022039512172341347,
-0.2627813220024109,
-0.2351435124874115,
-0.5157029032707214,
-0.23643368482589722,
0.633937656879425,
-0.43413621187210083,
-0.272955060005188,
0.02633650414645672,
0.2983483374118805,
0.16711276769638062,
-0.46719062328338623,
-0.05807581543922424,
-0.2724538743495941,
0.2494935393333435,
-0.03808242827653885,
-0.4824865460395813,
0.5119860172271729,
0.6091926693916321,
-0.19475406408309937,
0.5821589231491089,
0.22843961417675018,
-0.3676583468914032,
0.6242830157279968,
0.47581034898757935,
0.5965057015419006,
0.49358034133911133,
-0.05564264953136444,
-0.010513057000935078,
-0.2509665787220001,
-0.2166435271501541,
-0.33121827244758606,
0.3386822044849396,
0.30126139521598816,
0.14047473669052124,
0.14091762900352478,
0.5188229084014893,
-0.0527535043656826,
-0.21121282875537872,
-0.5453352332115173,
-0.36428162455558777,
-0.415194571018219,
-0.04135345295071602,
-0.21599650382995605,
0.5308136343955994,
-0.564084529876709,
-0.39671286940574646,
-0.259156733751297,
-0.09829821437597275,
-0.03822290524840355,
-0.15083397924900055,
0.0316024087369442,
-0.4119487404823303,
-0.3609192669391632,
0.38938969373703003,
0.6572868227958679,
-0.011021790094673634,
-0.28421732783317566,
-0.15251560509204865,
-0.06208815053105354,
-0.32866108417510986,
-0.1821284294128418,
0.02134786918759346,
-0.6321913599967957,
-0.11992254853248596,
-0.2180074006319046,
0.3782992362976074,
0.00807923823595047,
-0.35886234045028687,
0.2983611822128296,
-0.5450196266174316,
0.22810252010822296,
-0.24281294643878937,
-0.04368121922016144,
-0.2265647053718567,
0.5991529822349548,
-0.48036903142929077,
-0.12845954298973083,
-0.030498448759317398,
-0.26931923627853394,
-0.19150681793689728,
-0.5170220732688904,
-5.886364459991455,
0.00008372149750357494,
0.2489946335554123,
0.0030375851783901453,
0.43199291825294495,
0.2587781846523285,
0.7687590718269348,
-1.0294175148010254,
-0.035333167761564255,
0.024056440219283104,
-0.6328915953636169,
0.17656449973583221,
-0.23244455456733704,
0.8322758674621582,
0.35217300057411194,
-0.18606409430503845,
-0.39195919036865234,
-0.1366005837917328,
0.25238245725631714,
0.1821400374174118,
-0.2402718961238861,
0.5286669135093689,
0.0041722264140844345,
-0.12758883833885193,
0.12345761060714722,
0.4684944748878479,
0.055120520293712616,
0.1282605230808258,
-0.5836175680160522,
0.017243044450879097,
-0.2793995141983032,
-0.06170080229640007,
-0.031209085136651993,
-0.24442127346992493,
-0.14615309238433838,
0.103849396109581,
0.3778461217880249,
0.24724754691123962,
0.3720061779022217,
-0.3793081045150757,
-0.41124993562698364,
0.459617018699646,
-0.12678469717502594,
0.050778064876794815,
0.8411812782287598,
-0.03492291644215584,
-0.45988360047340393,
-0.7120199799537659,
0.015370314009487629,
0.6421583294868469,
0.47936540842056274,
-0.09642219543457031,
0.22379133105278015,
0.21098534762859344,
-0.04221927374601364,
-0.28276342153549194,
0.1695953607559204,
0.16577255725860596,
0.01772465743124485,
-0.053505461663007736,
0.3532494902610779,
0.09676707535982132,
-0.007284573744982481,
-0.3159112334251404,
-0.45354145765304565,
-0.5103482604026794,
-0.044520001858472824,
0.015965236350893974,
0.2121821492910385,
-0.010144826024770737,
0.11420149356126785,
0.3719528615474701,
0.38088881969451904,
-1.164512038230896,
0.04250263050198555,
-0.22564248740673065,
-0.43341168761253357,
-0.33980923891067505,
-0.1613399237394333,
0.40012669563293457,
0.07208359241485596,
-0.04515804722905159,
-0.20303072035312653,
0.3463810980319977,
-0.34991297125816345,
-0.5942714810371399,
-0.4010769724845886,
0.5334610939025879,
-0.621640682220459,
-0.10108437389135361,
-0.433859646320343,
-0.012853461317718029,
-0.5957130193710327,
0.4558955132961273,
0.22093412280082703,
0.46415722370147705,
0.3918311297893524,
0.6685348749160767,
0.518551766872406,
0.09072747826576233,
-0.24049746990203857,
-0.7664666175842285,
-0.2202543318271637,
-0.08236295729875565,
0.23168885707855225,
-0.4983023405075073,
0.0008722530328668654,
0.26063069701194763,
0.46573662757873535,
-0.3372546136379242,
0.24884754419326782,
0.1845863163471222,
-0.07081562280654907,
-0.6929326057434082,
0.14405393600463867,
-0.04341854527592659,
-0.293763130903244,
0.07662555575370789,
0.22755491733551025,
-0.006847785785794258,
0.2970259487628937,
0.3784067630767822,
-0.5994795560836792,
-0.1952984631061554,
-0.49496331810951233,
0.07521093636751175,
0.12413686513900757,
-0.41631224751472473,
-0.23765559494495392,
0.466507226228714,
-0.10999581217765808,
0.11211279034614563,
0.13172441720962524,
0.09732192754745483,
0.246137335896492,
-0.41506248712539673,
-0.9679944515228271,
-0.0005355846369639039,
0.10734469443559647,
0.4467722177505493,
0.09838416427373886,
-0.5766540169715881,
-0.3260056674480438,
0.04423343390226364,
0.2029445767402649,
0.26145198941230774,
-0.06306678056716919,
-0.38438594341278076,
-0.29237088561058044,
0.06516321003437042,
0.0394163504242897,
-0.07957278192043304,
0.19177007675170898,
-0.4193589389324188,
0.31633269786834717,
0.10970618575811386,
-0.004679207224398851,
-0.04272589832544327,
-0.3066924214363098,
-0.3765995502471924,
0.3565542995929718,
-0.6311759948730469,
-0.7767806649208069,
-0.327963262796402,
-0.008206009864807129,
-0.6652253270149231,
-0.2646401524543762,
-0.5718385577201843,
0.04392295703291893,
-0.3074626922607422,
0.10488080233335495,
-0.09543366730213165,
0.10197132080793381,
0.05470498278737068,
0.8539754152297974,
0.3644316494464874,
-0.2757453918457031,
-0.20115983486175537,
0.09412969648838043,
-0.2954299747943878,
0.18784236907958984,
0.052427321672439575,
-0.4120885133743286,
0.03017478436231613,
0.5970534682273865,
-0.05402130261063576,
-0.44564563035964966,
-0.38474971055984497,
-0.2708776593208313,
0.07103540003299713,
-0.5320319533348083,
0.585057258605957,
0.12230443954467773,
0.4885539412498474,
-0.6922531723976135,
-0.4478170871734619,
-0.34940165281295776,
-0.22917546331882477,
-0.07305923849344254,
-0.5525147318840027,
0.20820124447345734,
0.3326011002063751,
-0.24663643538951874,
-0.4305552542209625,
0.12130577862262726,
-0.8403447270393372,
0.18536412715911865,
0.015156609937548637,
-0.4762144982814789,
0.7109366059303284,
0.06371370702981949,
-0.5114414691925049,
-0.9212691783905029,
0.3172816336154938,
-0.2135535478591919,
0.013256399892270565,
0.2758273184299469,
-0.4199409782886505,
0.09777180850505829,
0.026876460760831833,
-0.4391993582248688,
-0.1316656768321991,
-0.9073280096054077,
-0.16163191199302673,
-0.8913143277168274,
0.20574384927749634,
0.012714567594230175,
-0.5269159078598022,
0.3618721067905426,
-0.6835899949073792,
0.029611920937895775,
0.3183361887931824,
0.38453128933906555,
0.4499184787273407,
-0.49479058384895325,
-0.3474830389022827,
0.03899259865283966,
0.12531159818172455,
-0.21275518834590912,
0.9673448801040649,
0.7644837498664856,
0.8680120706558228,
0.4202442467212677,
-0.35379377007484436,
-0.2280559241771698,
0.048825327306985855,
0.3480389416217804,
-0.08283749967813492,
-0.573307454586029,
0.07254166156053543,
0.23513266444206238,
-0.15519511699676514,
-0.5944212675094604,
-0.3311803936958313,
0.4545326232910156,
-0.9363173246383667,
0.1497078388929367,
0.2713807225227356,
-0.014622642658650875,
-0.41371777653694153,
0.033315692096948624,
0.053303081542253494,
-0.3151775598526001,
0.2568635046482086,
0.49461880326271057,
-0.036800168454647064,
0.20148277282714844,
0.25489988923072815,
-0.2399473488330841,
0.02657580003142357,
-0.29976898431777954,
0.34438231587409973,
0.1850387006998062,
0.18754124641418457,
0.4830029010772705,
-0.08493828773498535,
-0.03039775788784027,
-0.3835068345069885,
0.29448455572128296,
-0.37684863805770874,
0.46058136224746704,
0.2965388894081116,
0.07346796244382858,
-0.8956887722015381,
-0.1851247251033783,
-0.4003559648990631,
0.07068058848381042,
-0.7883121967315674,
-0.1587194800376892,
-0.08768496662378311,
-0.1491672396659851,
-0.038869548588991165,
-0.3271549344062805,
0.2553101181983948,
0.41865652799606323,
0.22913913428783417,
-0.2169090062379837,
0.09057113528251648,
-0.17364299297332764,
-0.19111502170562744,
-0.7159646153450012,
0.2450331300497055,
0.26185938715934753,
-0.22888503968715668,
0.571276843547821,
0.13943278789520264,
-0.09833988547325134,
0.033154986798763275,
-0.17446564137935638,
0.15296974778175354,
0.41874611377716064,
-0.13051699101924896,
0.02623865194618702,
0.8629115223884583,
-0.5997697114944458,
0.09366381913423538,
1.1804962158203125,
-0.6628917455673218,
0.35491329431533813,
0.4765203893184662,
0.004597605671733618,
-0.6883963942527771,
0.397873193025589,
-0.1659005731344223,
-0.352578729391098,
0.11288408935070038,
0.11394748091697693,
0.13003739714622498,
0.1603127270936966,
-0.15363185107707977,
0.4655933678150177,
-0.06859435886144638,
-0.17472191154956818,
0.1279735416173935,
0.04950590804219246,
-0.3376435935497284,
0.13262325525283813,
-0.2557971179485321,
-0.30518239736557007,
0.445363312959671,
0.06398776173591614,
0.2943930923938751,
0.1736050248146057,
0.08026472479104996,
0.043882373720407486,
0.7413221001625061,
0.2955203652381897,
0.1834486424922943,
-0.07281726598739624,
0.23778362572193146,
0.17478995025157928,
0.6808215975761414,
0.11400896310806274,
-0.9120599627494812,
0.2775745093822479,
-0.11593907326459885,
0.692529559135437,
-0.2669113278388977,
-0.02384554035961628,
-0.23794016242027283,
0.13124334812164307,
0.2443019151687622,
-0.147271990776062,
0.25757306814193726,
0.22470156848430634,
-0.151388481259346,
0.0019085806561633945,
-0.30959761142730713,
-0.20540255308151245,
0.2798170745372772,
0.7323617339134216,
-0.033731017261743546,
-0.14426547288894653,
0.2702781856060028,
0.4863532781600952,
0.5887993574142456,
-0.07439463585615158,
0.15614053606987,
-0.24602332711219788,
0.12132062762975693,
-0.4061984717845917,
0.00832308828830719,
-0.5076843500137329,
-0.10250899195671082,
0.49909713864326477,
0.12273520976305008,
-0.3430227041244507,
0.2313324511051178,
0.1989981234073639,
-0.5909514427185059,
0.13667570054531097,
-0.6839325428009033,
-0.22721903026103973,
-0.042302366346120834,
-0.7374044060707092,
-0.5219324231147766,
0.1393907070159912,
0.6932199001312256,
-0.1105184331536293,
-0.16654732823371887,
0.1963120996952057,
0.5050058364868164,
-0.3528911769390106,
0.5178519487380981,
-0.37395936250686646,
0.9704264998435974,
-0.8525397777557373,
0.08153005689382553,
-0.5129268169403076,
0.6114926338195801,
0.1766030341386795,
0.36933204531669617,
-0.5460887551307678,
0.3237789273262024,
-0.31303417682647705,
-0.30505406856536865,
0.32803967595100403,
0.08363988250494003,
0.19439084827899933,
-0.10444486886262894,
0.07594895362854004,
0.12987376749515533,
0.023997455835342407,
-0.46090105175971985,
-0.32911595702171326,
0.08105119317770004,
0.4666150212287903,
-0.39219191670417786,
0.2603217661380768,
0.1643482893705368,
-0.4768458902835846,
0.6715488433837891,
-0.7165423631668091,
-0.23622041940689087,
0.41224411129951477,
-0.16769787669181824,
0.6434115767478943,
0.9395612478256226,
0.7459739446640015,
-0.10470147430896759,
0.5892126560211182,
-0.36441168189048767,
-0.09483081102371216,
-0.010073686018586159,
-0.9590378999710083,
-0.11130288988351822,
-0.10481580346822739,
-0.1523371934890747,
-0.3280982971191406,
0.6237800717353821,
0.09535445272922516,
-0.014241684228181839,
-0.13952164351940155,
-0.44172289967536926,
-0.27706074714660645,
-0.19307483732700348,
-0.011784753762185574,
-0.18973912298679352,
0.4114788770675659,
0.002854785416275263
]
|
123433 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shays%27%20Rebellion | Shays' Rebellion | Shays Rebellion was an armed uprising in Western Massachusetts and Worcester in response to a debt crisis among the citizenry and in opposition to the state government's increased efforts to collect taxes both on individuals and their trades. The fight took place mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787. American Revolutionary War veteran Daniel Shays led four thousand rebels (called Shaysites) in a protest against economic and civil rights injustices. Shays was a farmhand from Massachusetts at the beginning of the Revolutionary War; he joined the Continental Army, saw action at the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Battle of Bunker Hill, and Battles of Saratoga, and was eventually wounded in action.
In 1787, Shays' rebels marched on the federal Springfield Armory in an unsuccessful attempt to seize its weaponry and overthrow the government. The confederal government found itself unable to finance troops to put down the rebellion, and it was consequently put down by the Massachusetts State militia and a privately funded local militia. The widely held view was that the Articles of Confederation needed to be reformed as the country's governing document, and the events of the rebellion served as a catalyst for the Constitutional Convention and the creation of the new government.
There is still debate among scholars concerning the rebellion's influence on the Constitution and its ratification.
Background
The economy during the American Revolutionary War was largely subsistence agriculture in the rural parts of New England, particularly in the hill towns of central and western Massachusetts. Some residents in these areas had few assets beyond their land, and they bartered with one another for goods and services. In lean times, farmers might obtain goods on credit from suppliers in local market towns who would be paid when times were better. In contrast, there was a market economy in the more economically developed coastal areas of Massachusetts Bay and in the fertile Connecticut River Valley, driven by the activities of wholesale merchants dealing with Europe and the West Indies. The state government was dominated by this merchant class.
When the Revolutionary War ended in 1783, Massachusetts merchants' European business partners refused to extend lines of credit to them and insisted that they pay for goods with hard currency, despite the country-wide shortage of such currency. Merchants began to demand the same from their local business partners, including those operating in the market towns in the state's interior. Many of these merchants passed on this demand to their customers, although Governor John Hancock did not impose hard currency demands on poorer borrowers and refused to actively prosecute the collection of delinquent taxes. The rural farming population was generally unable to meet the demands of merchants and the civil authorities, and some began to lose their land and other possessions when they were unable to fulfill their debt and tax obligations. This led to strong resentments against tax collectors and the courts, where creditors obtained judgments against debtors, and where tax collectors obtained judgments authorizing property seizures. A farmer identified as "Plough Jogger" summarized the situation at a meeting convened by aggrieved commoners:
I have been greatly abused, have been obliged to do more than my part in the war, been loaded with class rates, town rates, province rates, Continental rates, and all rates ... been pulled and hauled by sheriffs, constables, and collectors, and had my cattle sold for less than they were worth... The great men are going to get all we have and I think it is time for us to rise and put a stop to it, and have no more courts, nor sheriffs, nor collectors nor lawyers.
Veterans had received little pay during the war and faced added difficulty collecting payments owed to them from the State or the Congress of the Confederation. Some soldiers began to organize protests against these oppressive economic conditions. In 1780, Daniel Shays resigned from the army unpaid and went home to find himself in court for non-payment of debts. He soon realized that he was not alone in his inability to pay his debts and began organizing for debt relief.
Early rumblings
One early protest against the government was led by Job Shattuck of Groton, Massachusetts in 1782, who organized residents to physically prevent tax collectors from doing their work. A second, larger-scale protest took place in Uxbridge, Massachusetts on the Rhode Island border on February 3, 1783, when a mob seized property that had been confiscated by a constable and returned it to its owners. Governor Hancock ordered the sheriff to suppress these actions.
Most rural communities attempted to use the legislative process to gain relief. Petitions and proposals were repeatedly submitted to the state legislature to issue paper currency, which would depreciate the currency and make it possible to pay a high-value debt with lower-valued paper. The merchants were opposed to the idea, including James Bowdoin, since they stood to lose from such measures, and the proposals were repeatedly rejected.
Governor Hancock resigned in early 1785 citing health reasons, though some suggested that he was anticipating trouble. Bowdoin had repeatedly lost to Hancock in earlier elections, but he was elected governor that year—and matters became more severe. He stepped up civil actions to collect back taxes, and the legislature exacerbated the situation by levying an additional property tax to raise funds for the state's portion of foreign debt payments. Even comparatively conservative commentators such as John Adams observed that these levies were "heavier than the People could bear".
Shutting down the courts
Protests in rural Massachusetts turned into direct action in August 1786 after the state legislature adjourned without considering the many petitions that had been sent to Boston. On August 29, a well-organized force of protestors formed in Northampton, Massachusetts and successfully prevented the county court from sitting. The leaders of this force proclaimed that they were seeking relief from the burdensome judicial processes that were depriving the people of their land and possessions. They called themselves Regulators, a reference to the Regulator movement of North Carolina which sought to reform corrupt practices in the late 1760s.
Governor Bowdoin issued a proclamation on September 2 denouncing such mob action, but he took no military measures beyond planning a militia response to future actions. The court was then shut down in Worcester, Massachusetts by similar action on September 5, but the county militia refused to turn out, as it was composed mainly of men sympathetic to the protestors. Governors of the neighboring states acted decisively, calling out the militia to hunt down the ringleaders in their own states after the first such protests. Matters were resolved without violence in Rhode Island because the "country party" gained control of the legislature in 1786 and enacted measures forcing its merchants to trade debt instruments for devalued currency. Boston's merchants were concerned by this, especially Bowdoin who held more than £3,000 in Massachusetts notes.
Daniel Shays had participated in the Northampton action and began to take a more active role in the uprising in November, though he firmly denied that he was one of its leaders. The Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts indicted 11 leaders of the rebellion as "disorderly, riotous, and seditious persons". The court was scheduled to meet next in Springfield, Massachusetts on September 26, and Shays organized an attempt to shut it down in Northampton, while Luke Day organized an attempt in Springfield. They were anticipated by William Shepard, the local militia commander, who began gathering government-supporting militia the Saturday before the court was to sit, and he had 300 men protecting the Springfield courthouse by opening time. Shays and Day were able to recruit a similar number but chose only to demonstrate, exercising their troops outside of Shepard's lines rather than attempting to seize the building. The judges first postponed hearings and then adjourned on the 28th without hearing any cases. Shepard withdrew his force (which had grown to some 800 men) to the Springfield Armory, which was rumored to be the target of the protestors.
Protests were also successful in shutting down courts in Great Barrington, Concord, and Taunton, Massachusetts in September and October. James Warren wrote to John Adams on October 22, "We are now in a state of Anarchy and Confusion bordering on Civil War." Courts were able to meet in the larger towns and cities, but they required protection of the militia which Bowdoin called out for the purpose. Governor Bowdoin commanded the legislature to "vindicate the insulted dignity of government". Samuel Adams claimed that foreigners ("British emissaries") were instigating treason among citizens. Adams helped draw up a Riot Act and a resolution suspending habeas corpus so the authorities could legally keep people in jail without trial.
Adams proposed a new legal distinction that rebellion in a republic should be punished by execution. The legislature also moved to make some concessions on matters that upset farmers, saying that certain old taxes could now be paid in goods instead of hard currency. These measures were followed by one prohibiting speech critical of the government and offering pardons to protestors willing to take an oath of allegiance. These legislative actions were unsuccessful in quelling the protests, and the suspension of habeas corpus alarmed many.
Warrants were issued for the arrest of several of the protest ringleaders, and a posse of some 300 men rode to Groton on November 28 to arrest Job Shattuck and other rebel leaders in the area. Shattuck was chased down and arrested on the 30th and was wounded by a sword slash in the process. This action and the arrest of other protest leaders in the eastern parts of the state angered those in the west, and they began to organize an overthrow of the state government. "The seeds of war are now sown", wrote one correspondent in Shrewsbury, and by mid-January rebel leaders spoke of smashing the "tyrannical government of Massachusetts".
Rebellion
The federal government had been unable to recruit soldiers for the army because of a lack of funding, so Massachusetts leaders decided to act independently. On January 4, 1787, Governor Bowdoin proposed creating a privately funded militia army. Former Continental Army General Benjamin Lincoln solicited funds and raised more than £6,000 from more than 125 merchants by the end of January. The 3,000 militiamen who were recruited into this army were almost entirely from the eastern counties of Massachusetts, and they marched to Worcester on January 19.
While the government forces assembled, Shays and Day and other rebel leaders in the west organized their forces establishing regional regimental organizations that were run by democratically elected committees. Their first major target was the federal armory in Springfield. General Shepard had taken possession of the armory under orders from Governor Bowdoin, and he used its arsenal to arm a militia force of 1,200. He had done this even though the armory was federal property, not state, and he did not have permission from Secretary at War Henry Knox.
The insurgents were organized into three major groups and intended to surround and attack the armory simultaneously. Shays had one group east of Springfield near Palmer. Luke Day had a second force across the Connecticut River in West Springfield. A third force under Eli Parsons was situated to the north at Chicopee. The rebels originally had planned their assault for January 25. At the last moment, Day changed this date and sent a message to Shays indicating that he would not be ready to attack until the 26th. Day's message was intercepted by Shepard's men. As such, the militias of Shays and Parsons approached the armory on the 25th not knowing that they would have no support from the west. Instead, they found Shepard's militia waiting for them. Shepard first ordered warning shots fired over the heads of Shays' men. He then ordered two cannons to fire grape shot. Four Shaysites were killed and 20 wounded. There was no musket fire from either side. The rebel advance collapsed with most of the rebel forces fleeing north. Both Shays' men and Day's men eventually regrouped at Amherst, Massachusetts.
General Lincoln immediately began marching west from Worcester with the 3,000 men that had been mustered. The rebels moved generally north and east to avoid him, eventually establishing a camp at Petersham, Massachusetts. They raided the shops of local merchants for supplies along the way and took some of the merchants hostage. Lincoln pursued them and reached Pelham, Massachusetts on February 2, some from Petersham. He led his militia on a forced march to Petersham through a bitter snowstorm on the night of February 3–4, arriving early in the morning. They surprised the rebel camp so thoroughly that the rebels scattered "without time to call in their out parties or even their guards". Lincoln claimed to capture 150 men but none of them were officers, and historian Leonard Richards has questioned the veracity of the report. Most of the leadership escaped north into New Hampshire and Vermont, where they were sheltered despite repeated demands that they be returned to Massachusetts for trial.
Aftermath
Lincoln's march marked the end of large-scale organized resistance. Ringleaders who eluded capture fled to neighboring states, and pockets of local resistance continued. Some rebel leaders approached Lord Dorchester for assistance, the British governor of the Province of Quebec who reportedly promised assistance in the form of Mohawk warriors led by Joseph Brant. Dorchester's proposal was vetoed in London, however, and no assistance came to the rebels. The same day that Lincoln arrived at Petersham, the state legislature passed bills authorizing a state of martial law and giving the governor broad powers to act against the rebels. The bills also authorized state payments to reimburse Lincoln and the merchants who had funded the army and authorized the recruitment of additional militia. On February 16, 1787, the Massachusetts legislature passed the Disqualification Act to prevent a legislative response by rebel sympathizers. This bill forbade any acknowledged rebels from holding a variety of elected and appointed offices.
Most of Lincoln's army melted away in late February as enlistments expired, and he commanded only 30 men at a base in Pittsfield by the end of the month. In the meantime, some 120 rebels had regrouped in New Lebanon, New York, and they crossed the border on February 27, marching first on Stockbridge, Massachusetts, a major market town in the southwestern corner of the state. They raided the shops of merchants and the homes of merchants and local professionals. This came to the attention of Brigadier John Ashley, who mustered a force of some 80 men and caught up with the rebels in nearby Sheffield late in the day for the bloodiest encounter of the rebellion: 30 rebels were wounded (one mortally), at least one government soldier was killed, and many were wounded. Ashley was further reinforced after the encounter, and he reported taking 150 prisoners.
Consequences
Four thousand people signed confessions acknowledging participation in the events of the rebellion in exchange for amnesty. Several hundred participants were eventually indicted on charges relating to the rebellion, but most of these were pardoned under a general amnesty that excluded only a few ringleaders. Eighteen men were convicted and sentenced to death, but most of these had their sentences commuted or overturned on appeal, or were pardoned. John Bly and Charles Rose, however, were hanged on December 6, 1787. They were also accused of a common-law crime, as both were looters.
Shays was pardoned in 1788 and he returned to Massachusetts from hiding in the Vermont woods. He was vilified by the Boston press, who painted him as an archetypal anarchist opposed to the government. He later moved to the Conesus, New York area, where he died poor and obscure in 1825.
The crushing of the rebellion and the harsh terms of reconciliation imposed by the Disqualification Act all worked against Governor Bowdoin politically. He received few votes from the rural parts of the state and was trounced by John Hancock in the gubernatorial election of 1787. The military victory was tempered by tax changes in subsequent years. The legislature cut taxes and placed a moratorium on debts and also refocused state spending away from interest payments, resulting in a 30-percent decline in the value of Massachusetts securities as those payments fell in arrears.
Vermont was an unrecognized independent republic that had been seeking independent statehood from New York's claims to the territory. It became an unexpected beneficiary of the rebellion by sheltering the rebel ringleaders. Alexander Hamilton broke from other New Yorkers, including major landowners with claims on Vermont territory, calling for the state to recognize and support Vermont's bid for admission to the union. He cited Vermont's de facto independence and its ability to cause trouble by providing support to the discontented from neighboring states, and he introduced legislation that broke the impasse between New York and Vermont. Vermonters responded favorably to the overture, publicly pushing Eli Parsons and Luke Day out of the state (but quietly continuing to support others). Vermont became the fourteenth state after negotiations with New York and the passage of the new constitution.
Impact on the Constitution
Thomas Jefferson was serving as ambassador to France at the time and refused to be alarmed by Shays' Rebellion. He argued in a letter to James Madison on January 30, 1787, that occasional rebellion serves to preserve freedoms. In a letter to William Stephens Smith on November 13, 1787, Jefferson wrote, "The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants. It is its natural manure." In contrast, George Washington had been calling for constitutional reform for many years, and he wrote in a letter dated October 31, 1786, to Henry Lee, "You talk, my good sir, of employing influence to appease the present tumults in Massachusetts. I know not where that influence is to be found, or, if attainable, that it would be a proper remedy for the disorders. Influence is not government. Let us have a government by which our lives, liberties, and properties will be secured, or let us know the worst at once."
Influence upon the Constitutional Convention
At the time of the rebellion, the weaknesses of the federal government as constituted under the Articles of Confederation were apparent to many. A vigorous debate was going on throughout the states on the need for a stronger central government, with Federalists arguing for the idea, and Anti-Federalists opposing them. Historical opinion is divided on what sort of role the rebellion played in the formation and later ratification of the United States Constitution, although most scholars agree that it played some role, at least temporarily drawing some anti-Federalists to the strong government side.
By early 1785, many influential merchants and political leaders were already agreed that a stronger central government was needed. Shortly after Shays' Rebellion broke out, delegates from five states met in Annapolis, Maryland from September 11–14, 1786, and they concluded that vigorous steps were needed to reform the federal government, but they disbanded because of a lack of full representation and authority, calling for a convention of all the states to be held in Philadelphia in May 1787. Historian Robert Feer notes that several prominent figures had hoped that the convention would fail, requiring a larger-scale convention, and French diplomat Louis-Guillaume Otto thought that the convention was intentionally broken off early to achieve this end.
In early 1787, John Jay wrote that the rural disturbances and the inability of the central government to fund troops in response made "the inefficiency of the Federal government more and more manifest". Henry Knox observed that the uprising in Massachusetts clearly influenced local leaders who had previously opposed a strong federal government. Historian David Szatmary writes that the timing of the rebellion "convinced the elites of sovereign states that the proposed gathering at Philadelphia must take place". Some states delayed choosing delegates to the proposed convention, including Massachusetts, in part because it resembled the "extra-legal" conventions organized by the protestors before the rebellion became violent.
Influence upon the Constitution
The convention that met in Philadelphia was dominated by strong-government advocates. Delegate Oliver Ellsworth of Connecticut argued that because the people could not be trusted (as exemplified by Shays' Rebellion), the members of the federal House of Representatives should be chosen by state legislatures, not by popular vote. The example of Shays' Rebellion may also have been influential in the addition of language to the constitution concerning the ability of states to manage domestic violence, and their ability to demand the return of individuals from other states for trial.
The rebellion also played a role in the discussion of the number of chief executives the United States would have going forward. While mindful of tyranny, delegates of the Constitutional Convention thought that the single executive would be more effective in responding to national disturbances.
Federalists cited the rebellion as an example of the confederation government's weaknesses, while opponents such as Elbridge Gerry, a merchant speculator and Massachusetts delegate from Essex County, thought that a federal response to the rebellion would have been even worse than that of the state. He was one of the few convention delegates who refused to sign the new constitution, although his reasons for doing so did not stem from the rebellion.
Influence upon ratification
When the constitution had been drafted, Massachusetts was viewed by Federalists as a state that might not ratify it, because of widespread anti-Federalist sentiment in the rural parts of the state. Massachusetts Federalists, including Henry Knox, were active in courting swing votes in the debates leading up to the state's ratifying convention in 1788. When the vote was taken on February 6, 1788, representatives of rural communities involved in the rebellion voted against ratification by a wide margin, but the day was carried by a coalition of merchants, urban elites, and market town leaders. The state ratified the constitution by a vote of 187 to 168.
Historians are divided on the impact the rebellion had on the ratification debates. Robert Feer notes that major Federalist pamphleteers rarely mentioned it and that some anti-Federalists used the fact that Massachusetts survived the rebellion as evidence that a new constitution was unnecessary. Leonard Richards counters that publications like the Pennsylvania Gazette explicitly tied anti-Federalist opinion to the rebel cause, calling opponents of the new constitution "Shaysites" and the Federalists "Washingtonians".
David Szatmary argues that debate in some states was affected, particularly in Massachusetts, where the rebellion had a polarizing effect. Richards records Henry Jackson's observation that opposition to ratification in Massachusetts was motivated by "that cursed spirit of insurgency", but that broader opposition in other states originated in other constitutional concerns expressed by Elbridge Gerry, who published a widely distributed pamphlet outlining his concerns about the vagueness of some of the powers granted in the constitution and its lack of a Bill of Rights.
The military powers enshrined in the constitution were soon put to use by President George Washington. After the passage by the United States Congress of the Whiskey Act, protest against the taxes it imposed began in western Pennsylvania. The protests escalated and Washington led federal and state militia to put down what is now known as the Whiskey Rebellion.
Memorials
The events and people of the uprising are commemorated in the towns where they lived and those where events took place. Sheffield erected a memorial (pictured above) marking the site of the "last battle” on the Sheffield-Egremont Road in Sheffield, across the road from the Appalachian Trail trailhead. Pelham memorialized Daniel Shays by naming the portion of US Route 202 that runs through Pelham the Daniel Shays Highway. A statue of General Shepard was erected in his hometown of Westfield.
In the town of Petersham, Massachusetts, a memorial was erected in 1927 by the New England Society of Brooklyn, New York in commemoration of General Benjamin Lincoln's rout of the Shaysite forces there on the morning of February 4. The lengthy inscription is typical of the traditional, pro-government interpretation, ending with the line, "Obedience to the law is true liberty."
There is a small memorial monument to Shay’s Rebellion on the Sheffield-Egremont Road in Sheffield Massachusetts. The monument is located across the road from the Appalachian Trail trailhead.
See also
Fries's Rebellion
List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States
Paper Money Riot
Tax resistance in the United States
Whiskey Rebellion
Notes
Bibliography
Further reading
Additional scholarly sources
Gross, Robert A. "A Yankee Rebellion? The Regulators, New England, and the New Nation," New England Quarterly (2009) 82#1 pp. 112–135 in JSTOR
(Reprints a petition to the state legislature.)
(The earliest account of the rebellion. Although this account was deeply unsympathetic to the rural Regulators, it became the basis for most subsequent tellings, including the many mentions of the rebellion in Massachusetts town and state histories.)
Shattuck, Gary, Artful and Designing Men: The Trials of Job Shattuck and the Regulation of 1786–1787. Mustang, OK: Tate Publishing, 2013.
Fictional treatments
(Fictional depiction of the rebellion, as social commentary.)
(The rebellion is the central story of this children's novel.)
(The rebellion plays a central role in this novel.)
External links
Shays's Rebellion (George Washington's Mount Vernon)
"To Gen Washington from Gen. Benjamin Lincoln" (a letter extensively covering the events of Shays' Rebellion) (National Archives)
Agrarian politics
Conflicts in 1786
Conflicts in 1787
Rebellions in the United States
18th-century rebellions
1786 in Massachusetts
1787 in Massachusetts
Amherst, Massachusetts
Great Barrington, Massachusetts
Chicopee, Massachusetts
Concord, Massachusetts
Taunton, Massachusetts
Northampton, Massachusetts
Palmer, Massachusetts
Pelham, Massachusetts
Petersham, Massachusetts
West Springfield, Massachusetts
History of Berkshire County, Massachusetts
History of Bristol County, Massachusetts
History of Hampden County, Massachusetts
History of Hampshire County, Massachusetts
History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts
History of Springfield, Massachusetts
History of Worcester, Massachusetts
History of Worcester County, Massachusetts
Tax resistance in the United States | [
-0.3255680799484253,
0.10873480886220932,
-1.0183409452438354,
-0.12119947373867035,
-0.15536737442016602,
0.5078469514846802,
1.1749871969223022,
0.32800713181495667,
-0.2321719229221344,
0.06207462027668953,
-0.051086604595184326,
0.221697598695755,
-0.8961994051933289,
1.4375113248825073,
-0.632163941860199,
0.5473529696464539,
0.7367236614227295,
-0.24771204590797424,
0.2094283103942871,
-0.04921865835785866,
-0.40022435784339905,
-0.12498243898153305,
0.6644469499588013,
0.11078183352947235,
0.048844557255506516,
-0.22674325108528137,
0.6308459043502808,
-0.2009917050600052,
-0.27398353815078735,
0.07806150615215302,
-0.5145245790481567,
1.0255029201507568,
0.1369064450263977,
-0.5170289278030396,
-0.36622950434684753,
0.17922113835811615,
0.1596972644329071,
-0.07541386783123016,
-0.35091632604599,
-0.28245556354522705,
-0.4995245039463043,
-0.6380731463432312,
0.026529621332883835,
0.3138909637928009,
-0.18436980247497559,
0.18233978748321533,
-1.522316813468933,
-0.16410785913467407,
-0.9602640271186829,
-0.8874065279960632,
0.09279094636440277,
0.9434167146682739,
0.10367133468389511,
0.6119223237037659,
-0.21147514879703522,
0.18112507462501526,
-0.5287424325942993,
-0.8186377286911011,
0.6606152057647705,
-0.3190382421016693,
0.9218314290046692,
0.5202805399894714,
0.43154919147491455,
-0.027827966958284378,
-1.2020760774612427,
-0.17285490036010742,
-0.044742561876773834,
1.0423427820205688,
-0.4692904055118561,
-0.5450422763824463,
-0.03269748389720917,
0.4507521092891693,
-0.3653516471385956,
0.16698674857616425,
0.47918450832366943,
0.13200463354587555,
-0.08869212120771408,
-0.05001886561512947,
0.01846805214881897,
-0.2282489538192749,
-0.01150432974100113,
0.273885577917099,
0.7365813851356506,
-0.23761114478111267,
0.6189815998077393,
0.2561306655406952,
-0.22021456062793732,
0.23147907853126526,
0.341342568397522,
0.49429574608802795,
-0.4730898439884186,
0.7460975646972656,
0.2764240801334381,
0.44873520731925964,
-0.39611244201660156,
-0.04240879416465759,
0.4187914729118347,
0.5439176559448242,
-0.47186532616615295,
0.22450444102287292,
0.04403680935502052,
0.07435520738363266,
0.9012709856033325,
0.8066951036453247,
-0.14394047856330872,
0.2572426497936249,
0.41230547428131104,
-0.22391127049922943,
-0.07269518077373505,
-0.1207570731639862,
-0.09494885057210922,
0.2270347625017166,
0.036949723958969116,
-0.02840307354927063,
-0.23253992199897766,
-0.20600923895835876,
0.010270263999700546,
-0.6844215393066406,
0.36213916540145874,
-0.23659540712833405,
-0.03263865411281586,
0.3545110821723938,
-0.3093649744987488,
0.3094555735588074,
-0.2609593868255615,
-0.11278935521841049,
0.09491565078496933,
0.20381580293178558,
-0.010670389980077744,
0.41675013303756714,
0.3612520694732666,
0.6455550789833069,
0.008740628138184547,
-0.5190452933311462,
-0.21862104535102844,
-0.48840126395225525,
0.23849369585514069,
0.09460194408893585,
0.1834149956703186,
0.1637687236070633,
-0.6694806218147278,
-0.15428413450717926,
0.12103956937789917,
-0.1472959965467453,
-0.48586103320121765,
-0.320220947265625,
0.164803609251976,
0.17834444344043732,
-0.6224231123924255,
0.16806429624557495,
0.7866734266281128,
-0.5434713959693909,
-0.21185088157653809,
0.20087967813014984,
0.508854866027832,
0.31476959586143494,
0.4436405897140503,
-0.26194506883621216,
-0.10087571293115616,
0.5013659596443176,
0.014199254103004932,
0.788552463054657,
-0.179198756814003,
-0.7560118436813354,
-0.22981765866279602,
0.026889819651842117,
-0.16062180697917938,
-0.577275812625885,
-0.14045055210590363,
-0.05668090283870697,
-0.3073694705963135,
0.1545175462961197,
0.3728225827217102,
-0.08113528043031693,
0.23477387428283691,
0.0095211798325181,
0.8279955983161926,
0.2638576626777649,
0.2664581537246704,
0.2590358257293701,
-0.6604331135749817,
0.4212726950645447,
0.7717033624649048,
0.15076743066310883,
0.14492620527744293,
0.514922022819519,
0.38334164023399353,
-0.3328936994075775,
-0.04459043964743614,
-0.4561142325401306,
-0.10773508995771408,
-0.6549727320671082,
0.45318588614463806,
0.1490071713924408,
1.2375224828720093,
0.08943695574998856,
-0.7500261068344116,
0.2811453342437744,
0.3781723082065582,
0.40730103850364685,
-0.33180704712867737,
-0.4775025546550751,
0.6257904171943665,
-0.2515032887458801,
-0.08592072874307632,
-0.3302522897720337,
-0.3622073829174042,
0.03411463275551796,
0.2894221246242523,
0.7383086681365967,
0.15463979542255402,
-0.9924236536026001,
0.04844357445836067,
-0.4449874758720398,
0.03542165458202362,
-0.15573492646217346,
-0.3029554486274719,
-0.20564208924770355,
0.4153490364551544,
-0.38292554020881653,
-0.013885751366615295,
-0.5002331733703613,
-0.05097727105021477,
0.8041707277297974,
-0.0955381691455841,
0.36369389295578003,
-0.2988094687461853,
0.1336267739534378,
0.06179213151335716,
-0.7656199932098389,
-0.11704155802726746,
0.2269672155380249,
0.11393749713897705,
-0.4780727028846741,
0.07135281711816788,
-0.3358517587184906,
-0.38114702701568604,
-0.09424534440040588,
0.06550990790128708,
-0.7468724846839905,
0.3176191747188568,
0.5745072364807129,
-0.19493047893047333,
0.3478454053401947,
-0.6121090650558472,
-0.29733797907829285,
-0.29636281728744507,
-0.017533859238028526,
-0.20176269114017487,
-0.5695430040359497,
0.4802369773387909,
0.11456726491451263,
0.045268453657627106,
0.15715786814689636,
0.2582477927207947,
-0.13417398929595947,
0.5782298445701599,
-0.5758981704711914,
-0.14783939719200134,
0.15447260439395905,
-0.6899538636207581,
0.0036144990008324385,
-0.17467589676380157,
0.5784735083580017,
0.4341096580028534,
-0.3251105546951294,
-0.6701977252960205,
0.29090842604637146,
-0.14276936650276184,
0.7284997701644897,
0.6697235107421875,
0.06857503950595856,
-0.259175181388855,
0.39722099900245667,
0.40528804063796997,
-0.1148652732372284,
-0.18673771619796753,
-0.11776921153068542,
-0.49293801188468933,
-0.13478335738182068,
-0.35578805208206177,
0.09053535014390945,
-0.2122642695903778,
-0.5488183498382568,
-0.0569932647049427,
-0.3463636338710785,
0.5299475789070129,
-0.06190263852477074,
-0.5750818848609924,
0.24128901958465576,
-0.18655367195606232,
-0.3522038161754608,
0.15597209334373474,
0.22178266942501068,
-0.08337010443210602,
0.4003835618495941,
0.15140217542648315,
0.31585878133773804,
0.7155324816703796,
-0.24587805569171906,
-0.5883636474609375,
0.20876584947109222,
-0.6592775583267212,
-0.2362479716539383,
0.5954400300979614,
-0.27134886384010315,
-0.22639423608779907,
-0.08112505823373795,
-5.327953815460205,
0.6541207432746887,
-0.34848272800445557,
-0.06705328822135925,
0.30549290776252747,
-0.04912925884127617,
0.1815420538187027,
-0.40674421191215515,
-0.14167910814285278,
0.4367923140525818,
0.1064920723438263,
-0.1367802619934082,
-0.36922159790992737,
-0.27544358372688293,
0.2586823105812073,
-0.4260548949241638,
1.1758426427841187,
-0.6172945499420166,
0.5225024223327637,
0.17299799621105194,
0.7646716237068176,
-0.4281826615333557,
-0.5249449014663696,
0.42258259654045105,
0.2697845697402954,
0.5871086716651917,
-0.035236962139606476,
0.05266035720705986,
-0.38294893503189087,
0.4216500520706177,
-0.2792030870914459,
0.20024405419826508,
-0.2854363024234772,
-0.1791701465845108,
-0.1343318670988083,
-0.23746834695339203,
0.04752739518880844,
0.048163674771785736,
0.33406496047973633,
-0.5084229111671448,
-0.24224530160427094,
0.020809175446629524,
-0.27997368574142456,
0.591294527053833,
0.6562560200691223,
-0.14639009535312653,
-0.370626300573349,
0.6558366417884827,
-0.6494140625,
0.20510761439800262,
0.2821895480155945,
0.14420537650585175,
0.424189954996109,
0.6200687885284424,
0.1427697390317917,
-0.08927857130765915,
0.008146621286869049,
-0.2034379243850708,
-0.35826316475868225,
0.15679189562797546,
0.3443554937839508,
-0.5803685784339905,
-0.2530958354473114,
-0.10520464926958084,
-0.19234468042850494,
-1.040818691253662,
-0.007793254218995571,
-0.29229268431663513,
0.41032740473747253,
0.5110306143760681,
0.4529493749141693,
0.8837028741836548,
0.30536794662475586,
-1.3640979528427124,
1.2333351373672485,
0.45707517862319946,
-0.107652947306633,
-0.24225983023643494,
0.11045517027378082,
0.11959601193666458,
-0.3372860550880432,
0.14958558976650238,
0.9149544835090637,
0.2915905714035034,
0.1836918741464615,
0.2817442715167999,
-0.37984150648117065,
0.4918328821659088,
-0.8517621755599976,
-0.5715548992156982,
0.6162581443786621,
0.18344970047473907,
0.3908482491970062,
-0.10170973092317581,
0.47053760290145874,
0.08413304388523102,
-0.006400323938578367,
0.12430757284164429,
-0.0597783625125885,
0.3009757399559021,
0.27313855290412903,
-0.1984277367591858,
-0.100135937333107,
-0.6080057621002197,
-0.1767958551645279,
-0.5559430122375488,
-0.5587461590766907,
0.2939022481441498,
0.7002338171005249,
-0.2141357809305191,
0.07014767825603485,
-0.37822768092155457,
-0.17189359664916992,
-0.02965495176613331,
-0.130984827876091,
-0.4587970972061157,
0.44538599252700806,
0.5058987736701965,
0.2618716359138489,
-0.07201980799436569,
-0.04227938875555992,
0.21383537352085114,
-0.5036101341247559,
-0.28903189301490784,
0.23196274042129517,
-0.1080213338136673,
0.37258219718933105,
0.09899400174617767,
0.04683078080415726,
0.44737544655799866,
-0.16385196149349213,
-0.3534528613090515,
-0.5936726927757263,
0.301521897315979,
-0.5613777041435242,
-0.561546266078949,
0.07049813866615295,
-0.8444826602935791,
-0.6815481781959534,
0.34248578548431396,
0.39995497465133667,
-0.046401653438806534,
0.15367843210697174,
-0.24525871872901917,
0.7736979722976685,
0.3814000189304352,
0.34384727478027344,
0.16824880242347717,
-0.9082613587379456,
0.3231259882450104,
-0.8285478949546814,
0.12237010151147842,
-0.04962475597858429,
-0.4320438802242279,
0.26063117384910583,
-0.1988038420677185,
0.21354304254055023,
0.42437902092933655,
0.04942644014954567,
0.05662223696708679,
0.054124899208545685,
-0.03717999905347824,
-1.2347095012664795,
0.029895085841417313,
-0.10943122953176498,
0.08112144470214844,
-0.43820273876190186,
-0.05585635080933571,
-0.270527184009552,
0.43957462906837463,
0.059208475053310394,
0.120162732899189,
-0.0013447344535961747,
0.1654234081506729,
0.7600697875022888,
-0.31228286027908325,
-0.3769444227218628,
-0.5078428387641907,
-0.13333049416542053,
-0.6762641668319702,
-0.4295111894607544,
0.12138396501541138,
-0.7247259020805359,
0.36633485555648804,
0.7435839772224426,
-0.46927011013031006,
-0.7689886093139648,
0.037279289215803146,
0.16419216990470886,
-0.19384902715682983,
-0.33436986804008484,
-0.6535565853118896,
0.27286913990974426,
0.3279440999031067,
-0.7531613707542419,
-0.3130654990673065,
0.00551186827942729,
0.5088760256767273,
-0.06062427908182144,
-0.24915774166584015,
-0.1528290957212448,
0.188766747713089,
-0.20723065733909607,
0.23855212330818176,
-0.09114818274974823,
-0.48085451126098633,
0.5701649785041809,
-0.35949307680130005,
-0.681220293045044,
0.9029484987258911,
0.14243851602077484,
-0.2040919065475464,
0.14320442080497742,
0.34771275520324707,
0.17864927649497986,
-0.4018171429634094,
0.036290302872657776,
0.23738513886928558,
-0.3189505636692047,
-0.7500177621841431,
-0.3436143398284912,
-0.21672771871089935,
-0.7355256676673889,
-0.6818681359291077,
-0.7396466732025146,
0.05141590163111687,
0.08937126398086548,
-0.7042820453643799,
0.8285028338432312,
0.265115886926651,
-0.19851179420948029,
0.14455978572368622,
-0.29567837715148926,
0.4842783808708191,
-0.17564548552036285,
-0.29167166352272034,
0.3136897683143616,
-0.13784001767635345,
-0.4801786541938782,
0.45844295620918274,
0.3323926627635956,
1.1787112951278687,
0.0812688022851944,
-0.2514794170856476,
0.18831004202365875,
0.22414755821228027,
0.1628701090812683,
0.5399678945541382,
-0.30551162362098694,
0.38415753841400146,
-0.12634874880313873,
0.4771566390991211,
-0.9007027745246887,
0.16065315902233124,
0.5020971298217773,
-0.1522989422082901,
0.0877402201294899,
-0.005696334410458803,
0.09177239239215851,
0.1409170776605606,
0.2546344995498657,
0.4658810496330261,
-0.22136124968528748,
-0.3924942910671234,
-0.38806676864624023,
-0.3733097016811371,
-0.055062588304281235,
-0.7245282530784607,
0.425272136926651,
-0.5181460380554199,
-0.2247515171766281,
-0.15023283660411835,
0.08500039577484131,
0.6030613780021667,
-0.11052916944026947,
-0.015108819119632244,
-0.13448035717010498,
-0.6677953600883484,
0.2544463872909546,
0.04061098396778107,
-0.5500912070274353,
-0.22045589983463287,
-0.6584990620613098,
-0.056020788848400116,
0.5346301198005676,
-0.3703717589378357,
0.10825537890195847,
-0.0038191475905478,
-0.22759325802326202,
-0.12688478827476501,
-0.5339652299880981,
0.8780713677406311,
0.6073360443115234,
-0.051250752061605453,
-0.6027471423149109,
0.5992768406867981,
0.32557669281959534,
-0.10324408859014511,
-0.2216552346944809,
0.6665471792221069,
-1.1396478414535522,
0.3270206153392792,
0.11223585158586502,
-0.30278342962265015,
-0.029415154829621315,
-0.1999911367893219,
-0.31633561849594116,
0.23544514179229736,
-0.47811928391456604,
-0.1139545664191246,
0.3601151406764984,
-0.3386267423629761,
-0.05159534513950348,
0.3475733697414398,
-0.3669683337211609,
-0.07458037883043289,
0.44533827900886536,
0.056021757423877716,
-0.44917839765548706,
-0.036591436713933945,
-0.04536496475338936,
0.23107776045799255,
0.08765314519405365,
0.0535639189183712,
0.8187312483787537,
0.5628738403320312,
-0.03656541183590889,
0.08088956028223038,
-0.00019976965268142521,
-0.019588954746723175,
-0.49595046043395996,
-0.7250409126281738,
-0.8965966701507568,
0.6479202508926392,
-0.3335152566432953,
-0.37003204226493835,
-0.18639154732227325,
-0.9592397809028625,
-0.6217648386955261,
-0.24492794275283813,
-0.022043323144316673,
0.217744380235672,
-0.07939720153808594,
-0.15055282413959503,
-0.07002038508653641,
0.0011315032606944442,
0.2672407627105713,
-0.10035974532365799,
0.2642347812652588,
0.36072513461112976,
0.41631606221199036,
-0.048844482749700546,
0.5266965627670288,
-0.5264267921447754,
0.46888118982315063,
-0.3254426419734955,
-0.23419392108917236,
0.3151524066925049,
-0.3672092854976654,
0.181190624833107,
-0.07698815315961838,
0.4107299745082855,
0.5268062353134155,
-0.8826720714569092,
-0.14644834399223328,
0.41709983348846436,
0.09056012332439423,
0.10745106637477875,
-0.749342679977417,
0.5186270475387573,
0.31386399269104004,
-0.36892861127853394,
0.08618379384279251,
-0.18317797780036926,
-0.08672940731048584,
0.05811109393835068,
0.8977416157722473,
0.04945545643568039,
0.3872918486595154,
0.16769735515117645,
-0.2055475264787674,
-0.16020403802394867,
0.13398528099060059,
-0.09607045352458954,
0.33612367510795593,
0.15550735592842102,
0.026519782841205597,
0.1673356592655182,
-0.5949169993400574,
-0.6482895612716675,
0.07347613573074341,
-0.03711963817477226,
0.03399180993437767,
0.3005686402320862,
-0.1429862678050995,
0.14176245033740997,
-0.18787364661693573,
1.408974051475525,
0.2461148202419281,
0.7764516472816467,
0.18799681961536407,
-0.41418689489364624,
-0.1440010666847229,
0.5140434503555298,
-0.6280538439750671,
0.7829749584197998,
-0.32297512888908386,
-0.04166879132390022,
-0.7066819071769714,
1.2062662839889526,
-0.2287924885749817,
0.2664501667022705,
0.045986343175172806,
0.876013457775116,
-1.037645936012268,
-0.6105491518974304,
1.070250153541565,
-0.3760595917701721,
-0.779356062412262,
-0.14541539549827576,
0.6267984509468079,
0.29346707463264465,
0.05130345746874809,
0.09796561300754547,
-0.227102592587471,
-0.2911975085735321,
0.4282660186290741,
-0.40452900528907776,
-0.07442489266395569,
0.759368360042572,
0.37637579441070557,
-0.7585532069206238,
0.47981399297714233,
-0.017524834722280502,
-0.22126999497413635,
-0.5305790901184082,
0.7387706637382507,
0.6163185238838196,
0.11784295737743378,
0.18608546257019043,
0.7078012228012085,
-0.9994631409645081,
-0.06576754152774811,
0.06800655275583267,
0.40988343954086304,
0.4213230609893799,
-0.36389657855033875,
-0.28758737444877625,
0.546181321144104,
0.7218735218048096,
0.15028464794158936,
-0.12485900521278381,
-0.5707224607467651,
-0.07781466841697693,
0.01816549152135849,
-0.5806107521057129,
-0.4926181435585022,
-0.6207188963890076,
-0.4540032148361206,
-0.20768111944198608
]
|
123435 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hingham%2C%20Montana | Hingham, Montana | Hingham is a town in Hill County, Montana, United States. Its economy is largely agricultural. The population was 131 at the 2020 census.
Geography
Hingham is located at (48.555641, -110.422951). Located on U.S. Route 2, it is 35 miles to Havre. It is near Fresno Reservoir.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
History of "The Town on the Square"
Hingham is a small agricultural community in northern Montana. Hingham, like many Hi-Line towns, developed as a grain storage and shipping center along the Great Northern Railway (BNSF Railway) and U.S. Route 2. In 1909, homesteaders purchased a relinquishment for the town site, and by early 1910 they had a town established. The community was planned on a broad grid with a central town square as its dominant feature. Hingham prospered in its early years with the opening of a school, hospital, several churches and over forty businesses. In 1917 Hingham incorporated with an elected mayor/council style government.
Community members have developed the town square into one of the best parks on the Hi-Line, much of it through volunteer work and donations. A popular landmark of the town is the water tower which can be seen for miles. The Hingham School was established in 1910 with the Rangers as their mascot and red, white and black as their colors. The school operated until the early 1980s when it consolidated with the neighboring Rudyard School to form Blue Sky Schools. Once again in 2005, Blue Sky Schools consolidated with KG Schools (Kremlin-Gildford) to form North Star Schools. In recent decades Hingham's population has declined due to lack of economic opportunity. In 2010 Hingham celebrated its Centennial. Hingham shares its name with towns in Wisconsin, Massachusetts and Norfolk, England.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 118 people, 60 households, and 33 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 83 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 91.5% White, 3.4% Native American, 0.8% Asian, and 4.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.
There were 60 households, of which 13.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 3.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.0% were non-families. 40.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.97 and the average family size was 2.58.
The median age in the town was 52 years. 13.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 12.7% were from 25 to 44; 49.2% were from 45 to 64; and 20.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 52.5% male and 47.5% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 157 people, 65 households, and 38 families residing in the town. The population density was 930.0 people per square mile (356.6/km2). There were 87 housing units at an average density of 515.4 per square mile (197.6/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.82% White, 1.91% Native American, and 1.27% from two or more races.
There were 65 households, out of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.4% were married couples living together, 1.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.5% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.21.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.4% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 18.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.6 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $38,333, and the median income for a family was $45,417. Males had a median income of $32,000 versus $20,625 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,525. About 9.1% of families and 10.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.4% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.
Climate
Hingham experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) with long, cold, dry winters and hot summers.
References
Towns in Hill County, Montana | [
-0.27586743235588074,
1.2338310480117798,
0.4103802442550659,
-0.35158488154411316,
0.049358684569597244,
0.3414178788661957,
0.9464880228042603,
0.5202875137329102,
-0.2302274852991104,
-0.1330786645412445,
-0.013197476044297218,
-0.09563107788562775,
-0.5398398637771606,
0.872303307056427,
-0.5803542733192444,
0.03395625948905945,
0.3013128340244293,
0.6764640212059021,
0.3853938579559326,
-0.003762721549719572,
-0.06221267953515053,
-0.7927389740943909,
0.8031642436981201,
0.24477796256542206,
0.3257002532482147,
0.5229237675666809,
0.35872969031333923,
0.21329112350940704,
-0.07754956185817719,
-0.11299947649240494,
-0.3960956931114197,
0.602546215057373,
-0.3443972170352936,
-0.42732128500938416,
-0.09213621914386749,
0.03438076004385948,
0.42273208498954773,
0.23430679738521576,
0.40641510486602783,
-0.3680312931537628,
-0.032097917050123215,
-0.2995143532752991,
-0.07801882177591324,
-0.12559723854064941,
0.08350291103124619,
-0.6329744458198547,
-1.4374513626098633,
0.5644594430923462,
-1.0281013250350952,
-0.4441334903240204,
-0.841795027256012,
-0.5039880871772766,
0.04802990332245827,
0.061548277735710144,
0.6458313465118408,
0.2753204107284546,
-0.47228726744651794,
0.41028425097465515,
0.5608127117156982,
0.7130311131477356,
-0.23062901198863983,
-0.003128190292045474,
0.34481996297836304,
-0.13233360648155212,
-0.3650721311569214,
0.08627644926309586,
-0.25649788975715637,
0.4188743233680725,
0.23843318223953247,
-0.3353818953037262,
-0.2193356454372406,
0.043462738394737244,
-0.22796256840229034,
0.8186336159706116,
0.45110857486724854,
0.8391987085342407,
-0.43096739053726196,
0.1974256932735443,
0.06299996376037598,
-0.18174923956394196,
0.31028902530670166,
0.1604236513376236,
0.5535685420036316,
-0.5485191941261292,
-0.07586480677127838,
0.17553716897964478,
-0.694562554359436,
0.3978782296180725,
0.30898016691207886,
0.8205135464668274,
-0.5883062481880188,
-0.4734498858451843,
-0.09952154755592346,
0.017714323475956917,
-0.1537226140499115,
-0.5190747380256653,
0.07617619633674622,
0.5169865489006042,
-0.22380538284778595,
0.3195224106311798,
0.13487470149993896,
-0.01241939328610897,
1.362596035003662,
0.08698170632123947,
-0.1396918147802353,
-0.8083542585372925,
-0.6568267941474915,
-0.3291173279285431,
-0.26592817902565,
-0.5400044918060303,
-0.6102179884910583,
0.5164810419082642,
0.05087510496377945,
-0.7462247610092163,
-0.4910964369773865,
0.5731672644615173,
0.3930366039276123,
-0.7243216037750244,
-0.38402998447418213,
-0.3493629992008209,
0.39696013927459717,
0.5602868795394897,
-0.5076439380645752,
-0.09346872568130493,
-0.19933176040649414,
0.1962944120168686,
0.5776351094245911,
0.03715156018733978,
0.006642070133239031,
0.5973215699195862,
-1.1185922622680664,
0.46252989768981934,
0.2592598795890808,
0.16760455071926117,
0.12052224576473236,
-0.4817257225513458,
-0.1751914620399475,
-0.13797757029533386,
0.4092519283294678,
-0.004982995335012674,
-0.5357742309570312,
0.009860007092356682,
-0.6513591408729553,
-0.07309090346097946,
0.4138270318508148,
0.06275960803031921,
0.04091816022992134,
-0.9309409260749817,
-0.045230571180582047,
0.1467365026473999,
0.2350320667028427,
0.3402664065361023,
0.27139636874198914,
1.0552680492401123,
0.1578800529241562,
0.09913526475429535,
0.11594288051128387,
0.23765221238136292,
0.5990573763847351,
0.6019372344017029,
0.0058968402445316315,
0.9506465792655945,
0.6470156311988831,
0.13419923186302185,
0.25799229741096497,
-0.3828166127204895,
0.5609148144721985,
-0.36738473176956177,
0.10940096527338028,
0.11995463818311691,
-0.4116576910018921,
0.1539381891489029,
0.7325540781021118,
-0.1400231122970581,
0.39889082312583923,
-0.630920946598053,
1.1517765522003174,
0.18710386753082275,
-0.42099568247795105,
-0.07480762898921967,
-0.9479477405548096,
0.2958086431026459,
0.4877147376537323,
0.08650439232587814,
-0.2896888852119446,
0.4739439785480499,
0.6763803362846375,
-0.5667551159858704,
-0.20752808451652527,
-1.186728835105896,
-0.20273706316947937,
-0.8357775211334229,
1.1639841794967651,
-0.17901794612407684,
0.552326500415802,
0.014074428007006645,
0.3817281424999237,
0.2849487066268921,
-0.5200152397155762,
0.04852200672030449,
0.25303560495376587,
-0.2745703458786011,
0.6579259634017944,
-0.581587553024292,
-0.4022160470485687,
0.4994671046733856,
-0.0704127699136734,
-0.12685368955135345,
0.21455968916416168,
1.1171534061431885,
0.5768641829490662,
-0.49892163276672363,
0.12050563842058182,
0.6803399324417114,
-0.8366752862930298,
-0.42955151200294495,
0.07166066020727158,
-0.0392908975481987,
0.20519472658634186,
-0.4087885916233063,
0.30379942059516907,
0.4598221480846405,
-0.048733342438936234,
-0.30315065383911133,
-0.06527132540941238,
0.28849130868911743,
0.8421416282653809,
0.09193236380815506,
-0.7037080526351929,
0.11468743532896042,
0.7149766087532043,
-0.015665017068386078,
0.5694088339805603,
-0.09293468296527863,
0.052272114902734756,
0.028932226821780205,
-0.14924854040145874,
-0.32010242342948914,
0.5722346305847168,
-0.8802176117897034,
-0.27055004239082336,
0.24901308119297028,
-0.33802586793899536,
0.5749122500419617,
0.24650657176971436,
0.549369752407074,
-0.12043466418981552,
0.06496895104646683,
-0.41988685727119446,
-0.8129397034645081,
0.336648553609848,
0.07502775639295578,
0.4727822542190552,
-0.21358390152454376,
0.27762335538864136,
-0.26714494824409485,
-0.17869971692562103,
0.17172810435295105,
0.38089820742607117,
0.14015305042266846,
-0.08759085834026337,
0.1543504297733307,
-0.2730993330478668,
-0.14640593528747559,
0.17931875586509705,
-0.6513740420341492,
-0.517105758190155,
-0.8530786037445068,
-0.38377973437309265,
0.5824679136276245,
0.42472028732299805,
-0.1175038293004036,
-0.3708467483520508,
-0.10102076828479767,
0.8931731581687927,
-0.08972577005624771,
-0.4444757103919983,
-0.09412973374128342,
-1.1323431730270386,
0.09679730981588364,
0.3800584077835083,
1.261938452720642,
-0.6637200117111206,
-0.05579909309744835,
-0.041934940963983536,
-0.6357154250144958,
0.7863064408302307,
-0.40014898777008057,
-0.011508064344525337,
0.0890045017004013,
0.052058666944503784,
0.23157678544521332,
-0.36386656761169434,
0.2986043691635132,
-0.4479343593120575,
0.10005015134811401,
0.20237299799919128,
-0.06200087070465088,
0.20879879593849182,
-0.7553048133850098,
-0.15756240487098694,
0.3359300494194031,
-0.5042790770530701,
0.05703062564134598,
-0.43998706340789795,
-0.3727104365825653,
0.2886459231376648,
-0.5443736910820007,
-4.661522388458252,
0.3810802102088928,
-0.2878202199935913,
-0.7222374677658081,
-0.11714585870504379,
-0.5668946504592896,
-0.02657383866608143,
-0.3794782757759094,
-0.020873865112662315,
0.6421094536781311,
-0.3270125687122345,
-0.24405542016029358,
-0.06877943873405457,
0.44679945707321167,
0.7150189876556396,
0.08667237311601639,
0.5248470306396484,
-0.22026276588439941,
0.7095625996589661,
0.8126900792121887,
-0.41355207562446594,
0.24425412714481354,
0.19467216730117798,
0.10128939151763916,
0.7514582872390747,
0.7191574573516846,
0.25881433486938477,
-0.39093950390815735,
-0.6501612067222595,
-0.06284760683774948,
0.46519291400909424,
0.2165985405445099,
-0.5814367532730103,
-0.06974975019693375,
-0.12853370606899261,
-0.2287379801273346,
0.16514162719249725,
-0.23017719388008118,
0.6744393110275269,
-0.40167665481567383,
0.4567805230617523,
0.4858265519142151,
-0.6286067366600037,
-0.13577139377593994,
0.9117138385772705,
0.03714286908507347,
-0.42430663108825684,
-0.2968320846557617,
-0.15933236479759216,
0.9615631103515625,
0.6697838306427002,
-0.0033107162453234196,
0.8692833781242371,
0.0008575174142606556,
0.5621978044509888,
-0.27887579798698425,
0.2120390236377716,
0.18854078650474548,
-0.4364480972290039,
0.49300429224967957,
0.020094839856028557,
-0.7858119606971741,
-0.23527012765407562,
0.3038099706172943,
-0.19866353273391724,
-1.0068912506103516,
0.2512580156326294,
0.32445088028907776,
0.04192701354622841,
-0.26385214924812317,
0.19379928708076477,
0.2830585241317749,
0.01670028269290924,
-0.46250662207603455,
0.3425011932849884,
-0.9258087277412415,
-0.22398416697978973,
0.12257102876901627,
-0.8592107892036438,
-0.5324825048446655,
0.04631786420941353,
-0.16786828637123108,
0.2268245369195938,
0.6784680485725403,
1.0019071102142334,
-0.4638358950614929,
-0.45553335547447205,
-0.034604549407958984,
0.06710901856422424,
-0.7690191864967346,
0.7651261687278748,
-0.1772143840789795,
0.5636996030807495,
-0.3022427558898926,
-0.07993090897798538,
0.5052165985107422,
0.7110632658004761,
-0.2212425172328949,
0.22794568538665771,
-0.526517391204834,
0.14306092262268066,
0.02037893235683441,
-0.01323002576828003,
-0.09131499379873276,
-0.23766407370567322,
-0.5510889887809753,
-0.24293000996112823,
0.4829026162624359,
1.1239290237426758,
-0.7653552293777466,
-0.47778835892677307,
-0.27875280380249023,
-0.7722697854042053,
-0.2757505476474762,
-0.20588339865207672,
0.1264270544052124,
-0.6245834827423096,
0.37162187695503235,
0.7133914232254028,
0.6706889867782593,
-0.021860050037503242,
-0.3520716428756714,
-0.03635846823453903,
-0.20917290449142456,
-0.5314417481422424,
0.0014474731869995594,
0.5377235412597656,
0.1868797391653061,
-0.4503404498100281,
0.29347777366638184,
-0.4197905957698822,
-0.23508775234222412,
-0.7230998277664185,
-0.5268100500106812,
-0.3957195281982422,
0.04886305332183838,
-0.3738197088241577,
-0.681541383266449,
0.27144232392311096,
0.4049892723560333,
0.488567978143692,
0.21267575025558472,
-0.42155224084854126,
0.7422084808349609,
-0.1962137520313263,
0.21670658886432648,
0.6678022742271423,
-0.16369616985321045,
-1.1778429746627808,
0.4187470078468323,
-0.7211068868637085,
-0.4766350984573364,
-0.043702684342861176,
-0.45510929822921753,
0.1552971601486206,
0.4454551637172699,
0.08358684927225113,
0.6325846314430237,
-0.3467285931110382,
-0.4080376923084259,
0.5831913948059082,
-0.2435949146747589,
-0.6142058968544006,
0.8800902962684631,
-0.4471890330314636,
-0.06317078322172165,
-0.19626353681087494,
0.31054311990737915,
-1.0092840194702148,
0.09044959396123886,
0.6821621656417847,
-0.14243033528327942,
-0.9059635996818542,
-0.2883152663707733,
0.5574201941490173,
-0.16382953524589539,
-0.009441442787647247,
0.6234444975852966,
0.5916971564292908,
-0.2232038676738739,
-0.22159533202648163,
-0.4152347445487976,
-0.7316089272499084,
-0.5663690567016602,
0.42365002632141113,
-0.514678955078125,
-0.15517091751098633,
-0.32942333817481995,
0.06014888361096382,
-0.18345065414905548,
0.14587706327438354,
-0.434355765581131,
0.09017116576433182,
-0.13412222266197205,
0.11875105649232864,
-1.017454743385315,
0.04367515817284584,
-0.7305741906166077,
-0.2398938089609146,
-0.7447379231452942,
0.3932550847530365,
0.40795499086380005,
-0.11015554517507553,
-0.010221942327916622,
-0.026903310790657997,
-1.1297544240951538,
0.4857560694217682,
0.6541664600372314,
-1.040520429611206,
1.2685518264770508,
-0.009079179726541042,
-0.9010300636291504,
0.7888128161430359,
0.7415470480918884,
0.017389928922057152,
0.2649037837982178,
0.5474372506141663,
0.6074328422546387,
-0.515815794467926,
-0.323226660490036,
-0.28493502736091614,
-0.08651812374591827,
0.08815282583236694,
-0.5615576505661011,
-0.794471263885498,
-0.09692664444446564,
0.21611739695072174,
-0.28381744027137756,
1.2329227924346924,
-1.3883699178695679,
0.1415124386548996,
0.3655167520046234,
0.3074745833873749,
0.47602909803390503,
0.47291100025177,
0.4230046272277832,
-0.44334250688552856,
0.1749507337808609,
0.22811293601989746,
0.12842139601707458,
0.4018390476703644,
1.4673020839691162,
0.559741199016571,
-0.21119654178619385,
-0.8681681156158447,
0.29346248507499695,
0.6319720149040222,
0.09775125235319138,
-1.1550368070602417,
1.0060594081878662,
0.46970856189727783,
-0.4014371335506439,
-0.8471195697784424,
0.2315932959318161,
0.9671542048454285,
-0.5938621163368225,
-0.14101815223693848,
0.6455921530723572,
-0.19704660773277283,
0.3219076097011566,
0.24041074514389038,
0.07935421168804169,
0.040572430938482285,
0.36140739917755127,
0.35618069767951965,
0.1916189044713974,
-0.12852026522159576,
-0.21780116856098175,
0.23840558528900146,
-0.9795104265213013,
-0.4911424517631531,
-0.2631596028804779,
0.1766563504934311,
-0.250784695148468,
-0.6406425833702087,
-0.0897626057267189,
0.02739795669913292,
-0.6438547968864441,
-0.43007591366767883,
0.14798355102539062,
0.03313741087913513,
-0.09928987175226212,
0.5137079358100891,
-0.349570095539093,
0.23372885584831238,
-0.9101691842079163,
-0.2610330879688263,
0.14858415722846985,
-1.2360550165176392,
0.08386865258216858,
-0.3162270188331604,
0.13039767742156982,
0.14448030292987823,
-0.29312559962272644,
-0.040128640830516815,
0.528105616569519,
0.18376165628433228,
0.45353928208351135,
-0.6314418315887451,
0.20087532699108124,
-0.9255731105804443,
0.9938531517982483,
-0.17008785903453827,
-0.6421350240707397,
0.3987234830856323,
-0.09023508429527283,
-0.6620383262634277,
-1.015112280845642,
0.250250905752182,
0.31812676787376404,
-0.14458514750003815,
0.4901607930660248,
0.07306332141160965,
0.7187484502792358,
-0.523470938205719,
0.4100160598754883,
0.32856470346450806,
-0.2863386571407318,
-0.7578387260437012,
0.5704218149185181,
-0.6813464760780334,
0.17170493304729462,
0.958295464515686,
0.6835891008377075,
-0.2562781870365143,
0.9598475098609924,
-0.13941232860088348,
0.2821387052536011,
-0.020923443138599396,
0.3931275010108948,
-0.2783861458301544,
-1.1125664710998535,
-0.68116295337677,
0.5084789991378784,
-0.6849847435951233,
-0.1544690877199173,
-0.06621897220611572,
-0.2802104949951172,
-0.6234595775604248,
0.13872212171554565,
0.18435050547122955,
0.4754437804222107,
0.07844226062297821,
0.187473326921463,
0.39864382147789,
-0.2932746708393097,
-0.16743892431259155,
0.39148277044296265,
0.43553581833839417,
-0.4520373046398163,
-0.31119245290756226,
-0.29027441143989563,
0.0605381540954113,
-1.2735905647277832,
-0.8155481219291687,
0.2567172050476074,
0.027964511886239052,
-0.4683375656604767,
-0.8271969556808472,
-0.22535479068756104,
-0.04300310090184212,
-1.1930127143859863,
0.3348650634288788,
0.018982896581292152,
0.03225068375468254,
-0.4925525188446045,
0.4488167464733124,
-0.4711378812789917,
-0.06632591784000397,
0.8336005210876465,
0.17507411539554596,
0.49623703956604004,
0.4074324071407318,
0.47058820724487305,
-0.24613039195537567,
0.34924203157424927,
0.07335574924945831,
0.25335973501205444,
-0.3609243929386139,
-0.030046703293919563,
-0.5530251860618591,
-0.07910329848527908,
-0.3043106496334076,
-0.37170854210853577,
-0.32457369565963745,
-0.515369713306427,
0.005953843239694834,
0.39281585812568665,
-0.28544867038726807,
-0.5661983489990234,
0.24412387609481812,
-0.021228201687335968,
-0.34753748774528503,
0.26740601658821106,
-0.0017633839743211865,
0.0416191965341568,
0.21100156009197235,
0.39852768182754517,
0.6061794757843018,
0.41045525670051575,
0.08479898422956467,
0.06911906599998474,
0.35640066862106323,
-0.26125848293304443,
0.2783602774143219,
0.5551338195800781,
-0.019423821941018105,
0.8657893538475037,
-0.9308993220329285,
0.5610346794128418,
0.010712379589676857,
0.5827322602272034,
0.058107562363147736,
1.0148801803588867,
-0.6039007902145386,
-0.2240210473537445,
0.2676992416381836,
0.0001042557050823234,
-0.446527361869812,
0.24291419982910156,
-0.09702318161725998,
-0.5193943381309509,
0.2816075384616852,
0.2799946963787079,
-0.03433125838637352,
-0.35519999265670776,
-0.14180299639701843,
-0.390402227640152,
-0.7995328903198242,
0.09057027101516724,
0.2449127435684204,
-0.8721849322319031,
0.0035965340211987495,
-0.2912435531616211,
-0.23540759086608887,
-0.24031208455562592,
-0.4344326853752136,
0.9564714431762695,
0.26428231596946716,
-0.11294484883546829,
-0.1475924849510193,
-0.42633241415023804,
0.19286924600601196,
0.7288329005241394,
-0.2599034607410431,
0.8899523019790649,
-1.1006935834884644,
-0.7222064137458801,
-0.6573157906532288,
0.553211510181427,
-0.10019940882921219,
-0.5445310473442078,
0.328480064868927,
-0.30306339263916016,
0.3740714192390442,
0.1557944416999817,
0.43882882595062256,
-0.4304150640964508,
0.999439001083374,
-0.27905741333961487
]
|
123436 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverness%2C%20Montana | Inverness, Montana | Inverness is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States. The population was 55 at the 2010 census. It was named after a town in Scotland.
Geography
Inverness is located at (48.557695, -110.690231). U.S. Route 2 passes through town. It is about halfway between Shelby and Havre.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 103 people, 40 households, and 30 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 26.1 people per square mile (10.1/km2). There were 47 housing units at an average density of 11.9 per square mile (4.6/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 99.03% White and 0.97% Native American.
There were 40 households, out of which 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.0% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.0% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.10.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 30.1% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 30.1% from 25 to 44, 20.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.7 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $28,750, and the median income for a family was $33,438. Males had a median income of $25,625 versus $10,000 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $15,594. There were 20.7% of families and 23.5% of the population living below the poverty line, including 37.8% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.
Education
It is part of the Chester-Joplin-Inverness School District. They are known as the Hi-Line Hawks.
References
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.5458554029464722,
0.286358505487442,
0.5231554508209229,
-0.17238014936447144,
0.4278789162635803,
-0.12550650537014008,
0.657672107219696,
0.09297680109739304,
0.21695873141288757,
0.06723037362098694,
-0.33085474371910095,
-0.2055967152118683,
-0.35258749127388,
0.6797966361045837,
-0.8544741272926331,
0.7005166411399841,
0.40031784772872925,
1.0881203413009644,
0.5569463968276978,
-0.3918055593967438,
0.20665110647678375,
-0.4141868054866791,
0.3168450593948364,
0.8176214694976807,
-0.01625397428870201,
0.8413011431694031,
0.9509679079055786,
0.19406794011592865,
-0.39943644404411316,
0.060883454978466034,
-0.3006257116794586,
0.19265428185462952,
-0.5083974599838257,
-0.169318288564682,
0.13830843567848206,
-0.04187940061092377,
0.609028697013855,
-0.08928802609443665,
0.0023516016080975533,
-0.6038830876350403,
-0.17586098611354828,
-0.2775059938430786,
0.14604221284389496,
-0.036385294049978256,
0.14483186602592468,
-1.0599584579467773,
-1.4427121877670288,
0.8795060515403748,
-0.5476663112640381,
-0.19487261772155762,
-0.7373074889183044,
-0.021428219974040985,
-0.07819681614637375,
0.060057491064071655,
0.5120325088500977,
0.6036688089370728,
-0.17779873311519623,
-0.10361799597740173,
0.7149350643157959,
0.21671396493911743,
-0.18018832802772522,
0.7578345537185669,
0.09958413243293762,
0.15860615670681,
-0.1042964905500412,
-0.10542193800210953,
-0.10385006666183472,
0.5194322466850281,
0.576087474822998,
-0.9515174031257629,
0.1014660969376564,
0.6568271517753601,
-0.37273916602134705,
0.3378855884075165,
0.16120600700378418,
1.0079023838043213,
-0.4813064932823181,
-0.1506342738866806,
0.1961875557899475,
0.39949989318847656,
0.198647603392601,
-0.31163591146469116,
0.47397059202194214,
0.22590768337249756,
0.1516241729259491,
0.2859223783016205,
-0.5970064401626587,
0.06467483937740326,
0.09647425264120102,
0.878307580947876,
-0.3604378402233124,
-0.768379807472229,
-0.18532733619213104,
0.043004222214221954,
0.06920331716537476,
-0.6074354648590088,
-0.34624943137168884,
0.37069615721702576,
-0.5902619957923889,
0.29947152733802795,
-0.3590715825557709,
0.38201799988746643,
0.6150892376899719,
-0.6418855786323547,
-0.7159303426742554,
-0.6997374892234802,
-1.2186332941055298,
-0.2133331447839737,
0.027231978252530098,
-0.1616196632385254,
-0.5053038597106934,
0.42513957619667053,
0.5783785581588745,
-0.6344984173774719,
-0.038261186331510544,
0.639539361000061,
-0.031194282695651054,
-0.36281558871269226,
-0.39510831236839294,
-0.059723149985075,
0.6337809562683105,
0.6059746742248535,
-0.5589838027954102,
-0.16662469506263733,
-0.15491798520088196,
0.15536171197891235,
0.6532573699951172,
-0.12459029257297516,
-0.1487298309803009,
-0.21209535002708435,
-0.5577310919761658,
0.5103278160095215,
-0.28176990151405334,
0.6995332837104797,
0.06133605167269707,
-0.5650573968887329,
-0.03230571746826172,
-0.411914587020874,
0.5024346113204956,
-0.3296965956687927,
-0.9554096460342407,
0.2400946319103241,
-0.173924058675766,
-0.03207743540406227,
0.26652735471725464,
-0.10301779955625534,
-0.3214821219444275,
-0.7701593637466431,
-0.2973049283027649,
-0.14893260598182678,
0.14673137664794922,
0.484572172164917,
0.4524066150188446,
0.43836766481399536,
0.04657653346657753,
0.3595661520957947,
0.7952718734741211,
0.3497163653373718,
0.5748214721679688,
0.29002758860588074,
0.02500663325190544,
1.2274785041809082,
0.7235802412033081,
0.24714666604995728,
0.8352386355400085,
-0.30316975712776184,
0.4400818943977356,
-0.21948201954364777,
0.16231562197208405,
0.33999067544937134,
0.04673774912953377,
0.6162146329879761,
0.7856685519218445,
-0.5680556297302246,
0.3578459620475769,
-0.6364984512329102,
0.4457119107246399,
0.17547516524791718,
-0.015355111099779606,
-0.3036577105522156,
-0.8506695628166199,
0.3495672643184662,
0.21621158719062805,
-0.2076367735862732,
0.15653376281261444,
0.42839086055755615,
0.2754612863063812,
0.11182642728090286,
-0.9574961066246033,
-0.7525463104248047,
-0.59712153673172,
-1.0144994258880615,
0.4152536690235138,
-0.1705337017774582,
0.32925617694854736,
-0.22829103469848633,
-0.03206348791718483,
0.8105432987213135,
-0.46017080545425415,
0.24886076152324677,
-0.21509486436843872,
-0.18154697120189667,
0.5892261266708374,
-0.4413914084434509,
-0.1918323040008545,
0.25225144624710083,
0.2604336440563202,
0.28648948669433594,
0.02577490732073784,
0.7657107710838318,
0.41092249751091003,
-0.35894134640693665,
0.0682198777794838,
1.1189987659454346,
-0.7241196036338806,
0.044900406152009964,
-0.5516512393951416,
0.0005169756477698684,
0.6662084460258484,
-0.4687340259552002,
0.18450793623924255,
0.26736292243003845,
-0.3329788148403168,
-0.46681123971939087,
-0.06639406085014343,
0.3760419487953186,
0.6116546392440796,
-0.28340739011764526,
-0.5211325287818909,
0.22987698018550873,
-0.11790651082992554,
-0.4088171720504761,
-0.029053671285510063,
-0.15926212072372437,
-0.2834174931049347,
-0.08425682783126831,
-0.35094884037971497,
-0.2667352557182312,
0.6656161546707153,
-0.5298576354980469,
0.21229013800621033,
0.28289759159088135,
-0.24658700823783875,
0.29472512006759644,
0.11842573434114456,
0.8503374457359314,
0.009490439668297768,
0.28714150190353394,
0.0757647380232811,
-0.4181634783744812,
0.20761220157146454,
-0.14507129788398743,
0.6560220718383789,
-0.2922196686267853,
0.4097078740596771,
0.1933867633342743,
-0.4156028926372528,
-0.12210292369127274,
0.3600482642650604,
0.17104074358940125,
0.20545487105846405,
0.8673945069313049,
-0.2018095701932907,
-0.34613466262817383,
0.6444163918495178,
-0.25084760785102844,
-0.6834021210670471,
-0.8597522974014282,
0.053895045071840286,
1.000603437423706,
0.5678799748420715,
-0.3522416949272156,
-0.09909306466579437,
0.5554124116897583,
0.5361491441726685,
-0.043413229286670685,
-0.09159953892230988,
-0.20647133886814117,
-0.9420914053916931,
-0.14387567341327667,
0.36466875672340393,
0.5963890552520752,
-0.18283601105213165,
-0.6088692545890808,
-0.6172258257865906,
-0.3251890540122986,
0.5925078392028809,
-0.04842628166079521,
-0.3401295840740204,
-0.4012834429740906,
0.19086648523807526,
0.11121276021003723,
0.25509700179100037,
0.6582810878753662,
-0.9600902199745178,
-0.11689482629299164,
0.5314035415649414,
0.19540372490882874,
0.5560387969017029,
-0.4327400028705597,
-0.5217254757881165,
0.3075343072414398,
-0.6913900375366211,
-0.1350802183151245,
0.10857373476028442,
-0.3168841600418091,
0.5814865827560425,
-0.3103819489479065,
-4.597005844116211,
0.4335249960422516,
-0.41581016778945923,
-0.6388447284698486,
0.1037474125623703,
-0.5347614884376526,
0.27199506759643555,
-0.6466067433357239,
-0.4074060320854187,
0.9296106696128845,
-0.11848250776529312,
-0.491436243057251,
0.3379770815372467,
0.24794675409793854,
0.7357571721076965,
0.014639566652476788,
0.7936786413192749,
-0.3527551591396332,
0.9174414277076721,
0.5212957262992859,
-0.21952365338802338,
0.35460731387138367,
-0.3084321618080139,
-0.05051383003592491,
1.0003907680511475,
0.842234194278717,
-0.07889233529567719,
-0.40806737542152405,
-0.5016271471977234,
0.023419581353664398,
0.20315313339233398,
-0.061168886721134186,
-0.3454159200191498,
0.30965694785118103,
-0.18331685662269592,
-0.46463096141815186,
0.22282058000564575,
-0.4847354292869568,
0.5649975538253784,
-0.4171188175678253,
0.39411085844039917,
0.21300584077835083,
-0.0634622797369957,
-0.49783194065093994,
0.457874596118927,
-0.432369589805603,
0.0659133568406105,
-0.09729885309934616,
0.2548633813858032,
0.6156389117240906,
0.6269433498382568,
0.3166186511516571,
0.8582121729850769,
-0.0037935012951493263,
0.26713383197784424,
-0.43223151564598083,
-0.08137127757072449,
0.16334006190299988,
-0.49683883786201477,
0.5086655020713806,
0.24716153740882874,
-0.7159483432769775,
0.06079934537410736,
-0.05294379964470863,
-0.1197076067328453,
-0.2696780860424042,
0.2624902129173279,
0.022552259266376495,
0.012012537568807602,
0.2134329080581665,
0.0186209324747324,
0.21823221445083618,
-0.7052152752876282,
-0.7710607051849365,
0.21151341497898102,
-0.7801204323768616,
-0.25063109397888184,
0.12413951009511948,
-1.1694796085357666,
-0.2618640959262848,
-0.3165779411792755,
-0.2044040411710739,
0.5606156587600708,
0.8190181255340576,
0.20550569891929626,
-0.6353748440742493,
-0.0463479645550251,
0.21424394845962524,
-0.14844383299350739,
-0.9179125428199768,
0.9748544692993164,
0.00770177086815238,
0.2851862907409668,
-0.13656598329544067,
-0.38925766944885254,
-0.1356145590543747,
0.6760114431381226,
-0.16196636855602264,
0.28498268127441406,
-0.27286234498023987,
0.21749448776245117,
-0.17444539070129395,
0.272138774394989,
-0.19647115468978882,
-0.4156571328639984,
-0.5688774585723877,
-0.20311008393764496,
0.1594250202178955,
0.9443775415420532,
-0.5419203639030457,
-0.56064373254776,
0.372048556804657,
-0.2023346722126007,
0.393754243850708,
0.09384715557098389,
-0.17914092540740967,
-0.21332748234272003,
0.1552228182554245,
0.6538029909133911,
0.469874769449234,
0.23344576358795166,
-0.35519325733184814,
-0.43496379256248474,
0.3546409010887146,
0.1504402905702591,
-0.16224832832813263,
0.5024981498718262,
0.14258307218551636,
-0.7179333567619324,
0.23107300698757172,
0.20958155393600464,
-0.20829956233501434,
-0.44542646408081055,
-0.0595841221511364,
-0.4836709797382355,
0.10920055210590363,
-0.6297247409820557,
-0.7580055594444275,
0.5193892121315002,
0.4955116808414459,
0.18136072158813477,
0.29646849632263184,
-0.3116990327835083,
0.7132959365844727,
-0.1516203135251999,
0.37073224782943726,
0.4636179506778717,
-0.41958221793174744,
-1.1330658197402954,
0.1367664635181427,
-0.6052019000053406,
-0.49065127968788147,
0.19214971363544464,
-0.661668062210083,
0.3925240933895111,
0.0517718568444252,
-0.0890640988945961,
0.33242106437683105,
0.4024973511695862,
-0.4570029079914093,
-0.046786803752183914,
-0.4049689471721649,
-0.49617671966552734,
1.2308977842330933,
-0.025165189057588577,
-0.30951589345932007,
-0.794744610786438,
-0.31701281666755676,
-0.6362548470497131,
0.5133875012397766,
0.5391671657562256,
-0.49696415662765503,
-0.05151306092739105,
-0.3143243193626404,
0.35015442967414856,
-0.13224363327026367,
-0.24954485893249512,
0.3776765465736389,
-0.2004736363887787,
-0.5028655529022217,
0.21064072847366333,
0.1234060525894165,
-0.33333614468574524,
-0.01764131337404251,
0.1694692075252533,
-0.5421748161315918,
-0.3053140938282013,
-0.3003097474575043,
-0.2678998112678528,
0.48978191614151,
0.10272911936044693,
0.11687970161437988,
0.44952893257141113,
-0.31496331095695496,
-0.32149165868759155,
-0.7908414602279663,
0.22323192656040192,
-0.2195604145526886,
-0.16306596994400024,
-0.7743359804153442,
0.47565171122550964,
0.39374932646751404,
-0.05672556161880493,
0.31826329231262207,
-0.42200717329978943,
-0.6536217927932739,
0.3555709421634674,
0.53818678855896,
-1.1339174509048462,
0.6033778786659241,
-0.2936075031757355,
-0.9579252600669861,
1.0340365171432495,
0.3823550045490265,
0.08428427577018738,
0.575102686882019,
0.1340508610010147,
0.24331308901309967,
-0.19509291648864746,
-0.1744929850101471,
-0.3767402768135071,
0.06708159297704697,
0.09371300786733627,
-0.7215580344200134,
-0.6746605634689331,
0.12169910967350006,
-0.041688043624162674,
-0.5272449851036072,
1.0171624422073364,
-1.083984136581421,
-0.25797533988952637,
0.11887489259243011,
0.057887833565473557,
-0.07592789828777313,
0.44733768701553345,
0.1287631392478943,
-0.429589182138443,
-0.20656758546829224,
0.6309868097305298,
-0.07621466368436813,
0.2553834319114685,
1.2831112146377563,
0.21097062528133392,
-0.5079208612442017,
-0.7818615436553955,
0.31681039929389954,
0.42222973704338074,
-0.46317288279533386,
-1.2355588674545288,
1.211639642715454,
0.5628042221069336,
-0.6028239727020264,
-0.2914802134037018,
-0.03921071067452431,
1.2342166900634766,
-0.5445141196250916,
0.07280364632606506,
1.0224779844284058,
-0.5913630127906799,
0.22219720482826233,
0.559444010257721,
-0.25984305143356323,
-0.2004729062318802,
0.4214893579483032,
0.6295347213745117,
-0.3511355519294739,
0.2089637815952301,
-0.3732738196849823,
0.2921292781829834,
-0.6817035675048828,
-0.15440556406974792,
-0.0707419142127037,
0.8162670135498047,
0.15775088965892792,
-0.06573670357465744,
-0.059639036655426025,
-0.095932237803936,
-1.1364803314208984,
-0.41212865710258484,
-0.10212623327970505,
-0.39426320791244507,
-0.2675536274909973,
0.02229638583958149,
-0.27594640851020813,
-0.15311063826084137,
-0.9116267561912537,
-0.2888793349266052,
0.0061043743044137955,
-1.3815665245056152,
0.290577232837677,
-0.5397963523864746,
-0.2540396451950073,
-0.08261805027723312,
-0.9761452674865723,
0.03347930684685707,
0.5597436428070068,
-0.047064896672964096,
0.435824990272522,
-0.5479043126106262,
0.18805333971977234,
-0.963628351688385,
1.266299843788147,
-0.1282668262720108,
-0.6323791742324829,
0.2623506784439087,
-0.6129641532897949,
-0.4238557815551758,
-0.7317126393318176,
0.49630963802337646,
0.0551060251891613,
0.2329714000225067,
0.31195327639579773,
0.3435761034488678,
0.5885475277900696,
-0.4494017958641052,
0.23725615441799164,
0.09634179621934891,
-0.05748654901981354,
-0.5764390230178833,
0.5641825199127197,
-0.19284212589263916,
0.3226078152656555,
0.7147553563117981,
0.7597125172615051,
-0.2661586403846741,
1.1036454439163208,
-0.43037185072898865,
0.6276463866233826,
0.26444506645202637,
0.39157378673553467,
-0.5123025178909302,
-0.8428931832313538,
-0.5405699610710144,
0.5379353165626526,
-1.1305500268936157,
-0.2106669396162033,
-0.019579928368330002,
-0.7987745404243469,
-0.7272568941116333,
0.2276572734117508,
-0.10154466331005096,
0.24494653940200806,
0.309272438287735,
-0.0883168876171112,
0.12220077216625214,
-0.34951552748680115,
0.02071305550634861,
0.0064417775720357895,
0.7167797088623047,
-0.15676096081733704,
-0.017575781792402267,
-0.8570711016654968,
-0.4375857412815094,
-0.9012678861618042,
-0.9473690390586853,
0.35726848244667053,
0.3472643494606018,
-0.6002774834632874,
-0.6754977107048035,
0.6209930777549744,
-0.40934064984321594,
-1.043503761291504,
0.6225816607475281,
-0.0026106841396540403,
0.27045968174934387,
-0.6730862259864807,
0.5745805501937866,
-0.564409077167511,
-0.04162466898560524,
1.0776115655899048,
0.7152655720710754,
0.7050870060920715,
0.49762871861457825,
0.299553781747818,
0.5635359287261963,
0.6499541401863098,
0.3260309100151062,
0.5594995617866516,
-0.7197901606559753,
0.43242257833480835,
-0.4011118710041046,
0.1634974330663681,
-0.1856614500284195,
-0.4499933421611786,
-0.21629300713539124,
-0.4369524419307709,
-0.288685142993927,
0.02012159489095211,
0.34287676215171814,
-0.5758813619613647,
0.2338351458311081,
-0.305194228887558,
-0.6045593023300171,
-0.11086488515138626,
0.14604541659355164,
-0.21263548731803894,
0.35501301288604736,
0.09021379053592682,
0.701164960861206,
0.21397735178470612,
0.3611752688884735,
0.12345398217439651,
0.5440611243247986,
-0.24734419584274292,
0.4205014109611511,
0.7988682389259338,
-0.3034800887107849,
0.5789107084274292,
-0.7552914619445801,
0.6816114783287048,
0.14353114366531372,
0.37366628646850586,
0.08137417584657669,
0.8838628530502319,
-0.3258003890514374,
-0.21360419690608978,
0.4533725082874298,
-0.515358567237854,
-0.3452170491218567,
-0.5452411770820618,
-0.023400645703077316,
-0.7566420435905457,
0.5222482085227966,
0.6656799912452698,
-0.5381578207015991,
-0.3374482989311218,
-0.28969988226890564,
0.15532293915748596,
-0.966456413269043,
0.6585844159126282,
-0.11593343317508698,
-1.0783846378326416,
0.021123625338077545,
0.01952883042395115,
-0.26691722869873047,
-0.7843040823936462,
-0.7100737690925598,
1.032712697982788,
0.7528553605079651,
-0.5559822916984558,
-0.1731935739517212,
-0.10818212479352951,
-0.28334325551986694,
0.17629823088645935,
0.5663518905639648,
0.8091118335723877,
-1.0473231077194214,
-1.160095453262329,
-0.7759337425231934,
0.3480537533760071,
-0.3214312791824341,
-0.622481107711792,
0.1136474460363388,
-0.395760715007782,
-0.21734559535980225,
0.3065353035926819,
0.535780668258667,
-0.6066290140151978,
0.7770081162452698,
-0.1319190114736557
]
|
123437 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kremlin%2C%20Montana | Kremlin, Montana | Kremlin is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States. The population was 98 at the 2010 census, down from 126 in 2000.
History
Kremlin was developed as a cattle-rangeland stop on the Great Northern Railway. It received its first large group of homesteaders in 1910, many of them Russian.
Geography
Kremlin is located in central Hill County at (48.571398, -110.085927), along U.S. Route 2, which forms the southern edge of the CDP. US 2 leads east to Havre, the county seat, and west to Shelby.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Kremlin CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 126 people, 47 households, and 35 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 277.8 people per square mile (108.1/km2). There were 57 housing units at an average density of 125.7 per square mile (48.9/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 99.21% White, and 0.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.38% of the population.
There were 47 households, out of which 36.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.0% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.5% were non-families. 23.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.20.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 29.4% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 23.0% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $36,250, and the median income for a family was $45,250. Males had a median income of $40,625 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,598. There were 13.5% of families and 22.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including 27.9% of under eighteens and 33.3% of those over 64.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Kremlin has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.
References
"How Kremlin Montana Got Its Name", Kremlin Montana History
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.1890413910150528,
0.5979446172714233,
0.5226132273674011,
-0.260287880897522,
0.3412172198295593,
0.06955832988023758,
0.674910843372345,
0.3364831805229187,
-0.16693449020385742,
-0.09332484751939774,
-0.5689840912818909,
-0.3506920337677002,
-0.7964804768562317,
0.8606536984443665,
-0.5414336323738098,
0.33158567547798157,
0.14301641285419464,
0.7815507650375366,
0.7261848449707031,
0.11686408519744873,
-0.03318249061703682,
-0.6276588439941406,
0.5160604119300842,
0.35343432426452637,
-0.3050992488861084,
-0.07159215211868286,
0.29514285922050476,
0.18887481093406677,
-0.5443717837333679,
0.6350664496421814,
-0.26221728324890137,
0.605779767036438,
-0.5266481041908264,
-0.23449327051639557,
0.3165457546710968,
0.38198965787887573,
0.3726600408554077,
0.11460790783166885,
0.21990635991096497,
-0.40291932225227356,
0.13109415769577026,
0.32164594531059265,
-0.27800217270851135,
-0.12354722619056702,
-0.008297248743474483,
-0.7624161243438721,
-1.565704345703125,
0.3796735107898712,
-0.8142337799072266,
-0.5437746644020081,
-0.8408249020576477,
-0.287444531917572,
0.28340423107147217,
-0.053053226321935654,
0.17207352817058563,
0.6528396010398865,
-0.7286083698272705,
-0.015192750841379166,
0.47131648659706116,
0.2981964945793152,
-0.5191911458969116,
0.06527120620012283,
0.1631423830986023,
-0.0067345271818339825,
0.3281003534793854,
0.016994677484035492,
0.03876989334821701,
0.22466346621513367,
0.1712239533662796,
-0.7454496026039124,
-0.2861776649951935,
0.27049243450164795,
-0.05146206170320511,
0.20367886126041412,
0.27356255054473877,
0.537511944770813,
-0.6016039848327637,
0.05275379493832588,
0.04977250471711159,
0.3511621057987213,
0.05139043927192688,
0.04125482589006424,
0.1853536069393158,
-0.0008277110755443573,
0.20650216937065125,
-0.24414537847042084,
-0.5535652041435242,
0.18717627227306366,
-0.029605353251099586,
0.7441453337669373,
-0.5845543146133423,
-0.06035437062382698,
0.15214726328849792,
-0.1517639011144638,
-0.03210149705410004,
-0.7613270282745361,
-0.16092519462108612,
0.24448201060295105,
-0.19806832075119019,
0.18574246764183044,
-0.3662777841091156,
0.29474183917045593,
0.6110236048698425,
0.14479944109916687,
-0.48720940947532654,
-0.7602334022521973,
-0.6607227325439453,
-0.12133322656154633,
0.3253840208053589,
0.025953000411391258,
-0.49777641892433167,
0.3823186755180359,
-0.08891047537326813,
-0.15201137959957123,
-0.21296295523643494,
0.731767475605011,
0.06054088473320007,
-0.452853798866272,
-0.12943445146083832,
0.02211231365799904,
0.3992721438407898,
0.5487009882926941,
-0.4190097451210022,
-0.07326390594244003,
-0.1335168480873108,
0.2579151690006256,
0.4317002296447754,
0.19804514944553375,
-0.40792378783226013,
0.2558787763118744,
-0.5333155989646912,
0.677811861038208,
-0.06095923110842705,
0.44695529341697693,
0.04328146204352379,
-0.4013518691062927,
-0.018321605399250984,
-0.6707185506820679,
0.37318024039268494,
0.1218448057770729,
-0.2958369851112366,
-0.0002321801002835855,
-0.26545658707618713,
-0.150910422205925,
0.3441693186759949,
-0.15867926180362701,
-0.34076979756355286,
-0.9022524356842041,
-0.10304262489080429,
-0.41228047013282776,
0.18137383460998535,
0.3449520766735077,
0.10626732558012009,
0.5037352442741394,
0.18688040971755981,
-0.010365002788603306,
0.7081836462020874,
0.2583532929420471,
0.5974056720733643,
0.4112594425678253,
0.010535954497754574,
0.8136398792266846,
0.3817383050918579,
0.17088168859481812,
0.11293007433414459,
-0.011963526718318462,
0.479617714881897,
-0.10760197788476944,
0.11651095002889633,
0.3217456638813019,
0.15396106243133545,
0.6920575499534607,
0.6975182294845581,
0.5455499887466431,
0.5480300784111023,
-0.6308262348175049,
0.3744342029094696,
0.6460390686988831,
-0.33731356263160706,
-0.0888940840959549,
-0.5831349492073059,
0.5452693104743958,
-0.25789767503738403,
0.4736146926879883,
-0.003884719219058752,
0.2582516372203827,
0.1658419519662857,
-0.17515181005001068,
-0.361716628074646,
-0.9959951043128967,
-0.25227490067481995,
-0.817173421382904,
0.34813550114631653,
-0.034928157925605774,
0.8467079401016235,
0.20688073337078094,
0.0376945398747921,
0.6028285026550293,
-0.37584325671195984,
0.5997474789619446,
-0.12325534969568253,
-0.5075231790542603,
0.6514274477958679,
-0.2644081711769104,
-0.12143504619598389,
-0.03500473499298096,
0.02206638641655445,
0.009771334007382393,
0.33780673146247864,
0.630322277545929,
0.6039348244667053,
-0.6127418875694275,
-0.03398402780294418,
0.7401009798049927,
-0.41807034611701965,
0.040251489728689194,
-0.0796365886926651,
0.0594206303358078,
0.2664653956890106,
-0.05038239806890488,
0.618922770023346,
0.09324757754802704,
0.04659595340490341,
-0.10604683309793472,
-0.3608664870262146,
0.5806024074554443,
0.5690093040466309,
0.2573159337043762,
-0.37482061982154846,
0.0039789411239326,
-0.07294591516256332,
0.1823265552520752,
0.2514585852622986,
-0.11078980565071106,
-0.12190232425928116,
-0.03487140312790871,
0.11870557814836502,
-0.14702820777893066,
0.6661667823791504,
-0.7406752705574036,
-0.0875718891620636,
-0.05075382813811302,
-0.0003525895008351654,
0.14878004789352417,
0.40640974044799805,
0.5715780854225159,
0.4387856423854828,
0.29915669560432434,
-0.31531429290771484,
-0.46217626333236694,
0.042468395084142685,
-0.10446751117706299,
0.2129826545715332,
-0.17919963598251343,
0.3539789319038391,
-0.13000133633613586,
-0.19076043367385864,
0.129856139421463,
0.16561535000801086,
0.13384412229061127,
0.20404896140098572,
0.21599990129470825,
-0.14884419739246368,
-0.18963976204395294,
0.0517401359975338,
-0.19297493994235992,
0.15475329756736755,
-0.49257799983024597,
-0.11622229218482971,
0.8075940608978271,
0.2099086046218872,
-0.20403137803077698,
-0.3103905916213989,
0.38319143652915955,
0.5106912851333618,
0.08184948563575745,
-0.3152496814727783,
0.10812519490718842,
-0.6353238821029663,
-0.4747973680496216,
0.42289620637893677,
0.7941516637802124,
-0.36824917793273926,
-0.03873024135828018,
-0.4505590498447418,
-0.8409448862075806,
0.09732313454151154,
-0.30057770013809204,
-0.3299131691455841,
-0.2721405625343323,
-0.2729682922363281,
-0.19793491065502167,
-0.4308442771434784,
0.2780187427997589,
-1.1303373575210571,
0.4813569188117981,
0.176740363240242,
0.06734897941350937,
0.6025497913360596,
-0.2612573802471161,
-0.5068616271018982,
0.19996029138565063,
-0.3240567743778229,
0.0836866945028305,
-0.16198952496051788,
-0.5886532068252563,
0.0010191492037847638,
-0.4646093249320984,
-5.468912124633789,
0.4927631914615631,
-0.4388124346733093,
-0.6296448707580566,
0.2128632515668869,
-0.5099408030509949,
0.1348370462656021,
-0.3411221206188202,
0.03555772453546524,
0.1779436469078064,
-0.1987694352865219,
-0.30586525797843933,
-0.3438166677951813,
0.4461202621459961,
1.1416592597961426,
0.012696833349764347,
0.7145142555236816,
0.03548012301325798,
0.35405129194259644,
-0.16849704086780548,
-0.3780336380004883,
0.24854294955730438,
0.02843254618346691,
0.13506588339805603,
0.7573914527893066,
0.7971487045288086,
-0.12125543504953384,
-0.2567055821418762,
-0.935080349445343,
-0.28269070386886597,
-0.3690679967403412,
0.08072712272405624,
-0.38446155190467834,
0.12893164157867432,
0.3084902763366699,
0.01826484315097332,
0.4344313442707062,
0.0806531310081482,
0.48356735706329346,
-0.5628215074539185,
0.4789428412914276,
0.5268990993499756,
0.22193452715873718,
-0.5416696667671204,
0.9438101053237915,
-0.1452573984861374,
-0.30017635226249695,
-0.06012952700257301,
-0.5725655555725098,
0.4235661029815674,
0.5814016461372375,
0.25802645087242126,
0.6344683766365051,
0.3983456790447235,
0.29264676570892334,
-0.10653175413608551,
0.2494257241487503,
0.05273227393627167,
-0.674368143081665,
0.5376941561698914,
0.39343008399009705,
-0.38176393508911133,
-0.2270599901676178,
-0.020837387070059776,
0.06822186708450317,
-0.9824628829956055,
-0.13831926882266998,
-0.07495119422674179,
0.06597906351089478,
0.047549355775117874,
-0.29509440064430237,
0.08316343277692795,
-0.6989811658859253,
-0.9048885703086853,
0.1378236562013626,
-0.6238918900489807,
-0.5217121839523315,
-0.02813100442290306,
-0.4056047201156616,
-0.009383401833474636,
-0.5960090756416321,
-0.08796727657318115,
0.27201300859451294,
0.35811591148376465,
0.7296156287193298,
-0.18409955501556396,
-0.33445507287979126,
0.4582044780254364,
-0.09909261763095856,
-0.8037549257278442,
0.5997982025146484,
-0.5262434482574463,
0.5905846357345581,
-0.48380300402641296,
-0.5066816806793213,
-0.014208359643816948,
0.5327506065368652,
0.04487605392932892,
0.21073395013809204,
-0.33667683601379395,
0.19414085149765015,
-0.26546066999435425,
-0.07577061653137207,
-0.5642393231391907,
-0.03906108811497688,
-0.5921245813369751,
0.0512421689927578,
0.41926318407058716,
0.6560007333755493,
-0.6857578754425049,
-0.48400387167930603,
0.09085237234830856,
-0.09979432076215744,
-0.7471713423728943,
0.18457451462745667,
0.33867326378822327,
-0.3075422942638397,
0.6803121566772461,
0.44890227913856506,
0.5815150737762451,
-0.16369973123073578,
-0.20511341094970703,
-0.11944093555212021,
0.41253137588500977,
-0.325268417596817,
-0.23812109231948853,
0.0033849640749394894,
-0.22718949615955353,
0.25263211131095886,
0.21728184819221497,
0.4125668704509735,
-0.09839338809251785,
-0.09362112730741501,
-0.49885544180870056,
-0.250327467918396,
0.3392658829689026,
-0.07503397762775421,
-0.7395700216293335,
0.20377279818058014,
0.04586251452565193,
0.5954299569129944,
0.2824881374835968,
-0.13985921442508698,
0.795184850692749,
-0.35432732105255127,
0.3884681761264801,
0.32398077845573425,
0.03418620303273201,
-0.708850085735321,
0.15133239328861237,
-0.7156098484992981,
-0.1454467624425888,
-0.3945622146129608,
-0.6253882646560669,
0.25681787729263306,
0.2580887973308563,
0.373970627784729,
0.5856387615203857,
0.1486915796995163,
-0.1454971581697464,
0.45361003279685974,
-0.13033761084079742,
-0.5361282825469971,
0.3928249180316925,
0.2510527968406677,
-0.7643905282020569,
-0.4020856022834778,
0.016905508935451508,
-0.44513052701950073,
0.3657051920890808,
0.5938960909843445,
-0.5711445808410645,
-0.4461677074432373,
-0.07148662954568863,
0.3473256528377533,
-0.3325958549976349,
-0.0811084657907486,
0.13636645674705505,
0.038334086537361145,
-0.1999865472316742,
-0.09544654935598373,
-0.4253525137901306,
-0.3223040699958801,
-0.003811099100857973,
-0.19072659313678741,
-0.21258904039859772,
0.17191347479820251,
-0.3861365020275116,
0.018511567264795303,
-0.12671706080436707,
0.19241397082805634,
-0.5706599354743958,
-0.14553116261959076,
-0.18115399777889252,
0.2752396762371063,
-0.9341052770614624,
0.060615185648202896,
0.40288037061691284,
-0.27344921231269836,
0.019804956391453743,
0.26899945735931396,
0.6702250242233276,
-0.44545406103134155,
0.25752896070480347,
0.32432085275650024,
-0.5104143619537354,
0.5166414380073547,
0.6144516468048096,
-0.26318055391311646,
0.43547937273979187,
-0.3135506808757782,
-0.4809221029281616,
-0.03275103121995926,
0.639061689376831,
-0.07208646833896637,
0.27327024936676025,
0.2826431393623352,
0.028479300439357758,
-0.7771920561790466,
0.12738704681396484,
-0.2651521563529968,
0.10092763602733612,
-0.3763902187347412,
-0.8963367938995361,
-0.43990764021873474,
0.33291855454444885,
-0.13493779301643372,
-0.2887862026691437,
0.4587686061859131,
-0.935094952583313,
0.029862672090530396,
0.12130729854106903,
0.5974858403205872,
0.18415184319019318,
0.6022045612335205,
0.2185710072517395,
-0.4405515193939209,
0.03692498058080673,
0.6041716933250427,
0.10857933014631271,
0.41176700592041016,
0.850349485874176,
0.2912496030330658,
-0.3696651756763458,
-0.5266469717025757,
0.15812937915325165,
0.4537981450557709,
-0.02192687802016735,
-1.048276424407959,
1.125172734260559,
0.5812416076660156,
-0.4309430420398712,
-0.5668538808822632,
-0.2115108072757721,
1.0922762155532837,
-0.37273311614990234,
-0.020797617733478546,
0.9055503010749817,
-0.09348906576633453,
0.475696325302124,
-0.39830973744392395,
-0.2992675006389618,
-0.3615419268608093,
0.28194624185562134,
0.5533047318458557,
0.21751342713832855,
-0.20655474066734314,
-0.23798641562461853,
-0.00780378608033061,
-0.5686697959899902,
-0.4549243748188019,
-0.1776077151298523,
0.29241910576820374,
-0.3450155556201935,
-0.406203031539917,
0.016181450337171555,
-0.2968207597732544,
-0.3737223148345947,
-1.1796541213989258,
-0.017073217779397964,
-0.369432657957077,
0.0928022712469101,
-0.0851820558309555,
-0.3914630115032196,
0.205385223031044,
-0.7873575091362,
-0.2993745803833008,
0.4272719621658325,
-1.1266602277755737,
0.05842345207929611,
-0.7859714031219482,
-0.21413634717464447,
-0.15936140716075897,
-0.415971964597702,
-0.039017077535390854,
0.15362025797367096,
0.36152490973472595,
0.5828064680099487,
-0.7203169465065002,
0.30648303031921387,
-0.6741713285446167,
0.8834012746810913,
-0.3462381660938263,
-0.8349783420562744,
0.4567418694496155,
0.022985246032476425,
-0.6170864701271057,
-0.4694814383983612,
0.3393309414386749,
0.15815405547618866,
0.004116828553378582,
0.38035210967063904,
0.4065929353237152,
0.35266274213790894,
-0.6802446246147156,
0.6680521368980408,
0.1772121787071228,
-0.24441739916801453,
-0.30312663316726685,
0.22465164959430695,
-0.3033331334590912,
-0.41196298599243164,
0.40811342000961304,
0.26697903871536255,
-0.31896716356277466,
0.646462619304657,
-0.00591701827943325,
0.21395021677017212,
0.39509645104408264,
0.41226381063461304,
-0.12384199351072311,
-0.6446723937988281,
-0.4761025309562683,
-0.029481856152415276,
-0.6348500847816467,
-0.6840633153915405,
0.11849969625473022,
-0.2749808430671692,
-0.5134896039962769,
0.5128079652786255,
0.004840719513595104,
0.5091584920883179,
-0.30106931924819946,
0.2873791754245758,
0.2855399250984192,
-0.16349264979362488,
0.6045236587524414,
0.03880290314555168,
0.23212400078773499,
0.024295572191476822,
0.14211910963058472,
-0.4831928312778473,
-0.6066473722457886,
-0.6680434346199036,
-0.18196187913417816,
-0.32390478253364563,
0.7112230062484741,
-0.8644416332244873,
-0.39611101150512695,
0.14863692224025726,
0.006343837361782789,
-0.8399498462677002,
0.16324202716350555,
0.17421630024909973,
0.2022363245487213,
-0.49078598618507385,
0.5680437088012695,
-0.7365699410438538,
-0.06091354414820671,
0.3048463463783264,
0.4564231038093567,
0.5036641359329224,
0.16470113396644592,
0.3773086667060852,
0.07328952103853226,
0.5329571962356567,
0.18412597477436066,
0.42904406785964966,
-0.0742785781621933,
0.3200679123401642,
-0.09285882115364075,
0.6170404553413391,
0.1711615025997162,
-0.43543457984924316,
0.12911060452461243,
0.11629270017147064,
0.0554577074944973,
0.01629886031150818,
0.2402617335319519,
-0.589413583278656,
0.25716838240623474,
-0.1904463917016983,
-0.16008679568767548,
-0.049097221344709396,
0.006940145045518875,
0.18332144618034363,
-0.016447335481643677,
0.12695488333702087,
0.486316978931427,
0.5161576271057129,
0.2075270563364029,
-0.16612690687179565,
0.09120727330446243,
0.23101606965065002,
0.11872781068086624,
0.46988657116889954,
-0.3036538064479828,
0.01348851341754198,
-0.5039629936218262,
0.25908637046813965,
-0.11932052671909332,
0.10337571054697037,
-0.18540847301483154,
0.26414698362350464,
-0.4470883011817932,
0.1650218516588211,
0.5271874070167542,
-0.2997124493122101,
0.0034944317303597927,
-0.51984041929245,
0.11958348006010056,
-0.9596682190895081,
0.45004910230636597,
0.518186092376709,
-0.05453133583068848,
-0.7072523832321167,
0.15866102278232574,
-0.13667991757392883,
-0.6197030544281006,
0.3353009819984436,
0.2431592345237732,
-0.537071704864502,
-0.1312144547700882,
0.02934994362294674,
-0.25403717160224915,
-0.5225884318351746,
-0.22736860811710358,
1.408371090888977,
0.4257282316684723,
-0.5502271056175232,
0.03760947659611702,
-0.07646461576223373,
0.15719442069530487,
0.260573148727417,
0.8731053471565247,
0.8981015086174011,
-1.1837071180343628,
-0.6921761631965637,
-0.6565154194831848,
0.08684071898460388,
-0.09180383384227753,
-0.20454944670200348,
0.21442805230617523,
-0.10255540162324905,
0.23884464800357819,
0.25921010971069336,
0.3191485106945038,
-0.5953765511512756,
0.42363256216049194,
0.07182488590478897
]
|
123438 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudyard%2C%20Montana | Rudyard, Montana | Rudyard is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States. The population was 258 at the 2010 census.
The community was established as a switching station on the Great Northern Railway. The post office opened in 1910. It is named after author Rudyard Kipling.
Geography
Rudyard is located western Hill County at (48.560633, -110.554737). U.S. Route 2 runs along the southern edge of the community, leading east to Havre, the county seat, and west to Shelby.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Antipodes
Rudyard has the distinction of being the only community in the contiguous United States that sits atop a non-oceanic antipode, that being one of the Kerguelen Islands.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 275 people, 126 households, and 71 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 295.8 people per square mile (114.2/km). There were 155 housing units at an average density of 166.7 per square mile (64.4/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.18% White, 0.73% Native American, and 1.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.36% of the population.
There were 126 households, out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.9% were non-families. 38.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.94.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 25.8% under the age of 18, 2.9% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 19.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.3 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $28,393, and the median income for a family was $34,844. Males had a median income of $25,694 versus $15,833 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,889. About 7.2% of families and 9.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.9% of those under the age of 18 and none of those 65 or over.
Education
North Star High School and middle school are located in Rudyard. They are known as the Knights. North Star Elementary school is located in Gildford.
References
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.3506077826023102,
1.1212050914764404,
-0.121726393699646,
-0.15072952210903168,
0.060214653611183167,
0.26254191994667053,
1.0080643892288208,
0.46319642663002014,
-0.10279757529497147,
0.029630860313773155,
-0.03508225083351135,
-0.12711414694786072,
-0.4428766965866089,
0.4293408989906311,
-0.7736950516700745,
0.6422781944274902,
0.21343772113323212,
0.9433402419090271,
1.0209054946899414,
-0.46462035179138184,
0.13131208717823029,
-0.6798902153968811,
-0.05428370460867882,
0.7687026858329773,
-0.2355337291955948,
0.8808286786079407,
0.758332371711731,
0.18689759075641632,
-0.4839249849319458,
-0.0046517858281731606,
-0.3616672456264496,
0.623066246509552,
-0.05289622023701668,
-0.307570219039917,
0.16883374750614166,
0.008394403383135796,
0.3865182101726532,
-0.07280121743679047,
0.0933620035648346,
-0.24525098502635956,
-0.13287927210330963,
-0.20527352392673492,
0.14049091935157776,
0.0863458514213562,
0.09325119853019714,
-0.2381555587053299,
-1.296355128288269,
0.7082899212837219,
-0.8999401926994324,
-0.3966655433177948,
-0.8354736566543579,
-0.4131409227848053,
0.2227553427219391,
0.07709889858961105,
0.5589621067047119,
0.3778265714645386,
-0.37148594856262207,
0.4184507429599762,
0.5759536027908325,
0.03969579562544823,
-0.1702118068933487,
0.22701597213745117,
0.5356312394142151,
-0.3231315016746521,
0.08127047121524811,
-0.03717902675271034,
-0.03528100252151489,
0.5610791444778442,
-0.09909792989492416,
-0.7313669323921204,
-0.22418880462646484,
-0.16248822212219238,
-0.3487947881221771,
0.6013827323913574,
0.0002948309120256454,
0.640230655670166,
-0.2839990556240082,
-0.049951642751693726,
0.026800688356161118,
0.07853570580482483,
0.2984447479248047,
-0.185776948928833,
0.2065574824810028,
-0.030081039294600487,
-0.08239030092954636,
0.2681216597557068,
-1.0238624811172485,
-0.03720034658908844,
-0.45179274678230286,
0.27845028042793274,
-1.1497076749801636,
-0.470368891954422,
-0.22333122789859772,
-0.10223545134067535,
0.02756406180560589,
-0.5637546181678772,
-0.16054005920886993,
0.7029710412025452,
-0.19869697093963623,
0.5057322382926941,
-0.09082914143800735,
0.15385441482067108,
1.5351760387420654,
0.003078171983361244,
-0.7082914113998413,
-0.7695222496986389,
-0.963820219039917,
-0.1196085512638092,
-0.1133006289601326,
-0.029861003160476685,
-0.22192145884037018,
0.3764389753341675,
-0.48219239711761475,
-0.47086524963378906,
-0.1509752720594406,
0.5797705054283142,
-0.019822504371404648,
-0.37720605731010437,
-0.4228062927722931,
-0.41818299889564514,
0.37558838725090027,
0.9242220520973206,
-0.580855667591095,
-0.1442103236913681,
-0.32473430037498474,
0.2255912870168686,
0.26257428526878357,
-0.05867384746670723,
0.5320971012115479,
0.4379860758781433,
-0.3718693256378174,
0.799553632736206,
-0.10347425192594528,
0.3409113883972168,
-0.4176677465438843,
-0.8275490403175354,
0.06574902683496475,
-0.04587103798985481,
0.3806300163269043,
-0.37548965215682983,
-0.8902049660682678,
-0.1064726933836937,
-0.02116536535322666,
-0.07011865079402924,
0.6844708323478699,
0.14013637602329254,
0.21491307020187378,
-0.46301576495170593,
-0.24549411237239838,
-0.3363242447376251,
0.2524830400943756,
0.1736534684896469,
0.5470396876335144,
0.645297110080719,
0.18754786252975464,
0.6301696300506592,
0.54390949010849,
0.1358196884393692,
0.37358853220939636,
0.9653251767158508,
0.4098389744758606,
1.1415661573410034,
1.0139925479888916,
0.09835685789585114,
1.0276654958724976,
-0.4807257056236267,
0.6751375794410706,
-0.28188255429267883,
0.10241849720478058,
0.47163787484169006,
-0.2267686128616333,
0.6335991621017456,
0.7969639301300049,
-0.3056755065917969,
0.38159647583961487,
-0.673149049282074,
0.5196546912193298,
0.02832985483109951,
-0.0472821407020092,
-0.3971289396286011,
-0.9870986938476562,
0.7033763527870178,
0.4274052381515503,
0.028157521039247513,
-0.005140912719070911,
0.3238590955734253,
0.2695634961128235,
-0.27119141817092896,
-0.4962478578090668,
-0.5189069509506226,
-0.5530692338943481,
-0.817676305770874,
1.0111533403396606,
-0.4391078054904938,
0.4388979375362396,
0.01465566735714674,
-0.21698680520057678,
0.2766675353050232,
-0.3262487053871155,
0.2373185157775879,
-0.6875786185264587,
-0.3064631521701813,
0.6135987639427185,
-0.8146311640739441,
-0.16327540576457977,
-0.025319403037428856,
0.42666149139404297,
0.26819607615470886,
0.19812290370464325,
0.9317487478256226,
0.5605502128601074,
-0.6190115213394165,
-0.25719118118286133,
0.9955528378486633,
-0.9603801369667053,
0.007512022741138935,
-0.026478370651602745,
0.18450602889060974,
0.42216795682907104,
-0.347881019115448,
0.1512247622013092,
0.15361614525318146,
-0.19440831243991852,
-0.1829647719860077,
-0.04069077968597412,
0.7292301058769226,
0.8517749905586243,
0.19756723940372467,
-0.23467104136943817,
0.18542547523975372,
0.6158596277236938,
0.39690086245536804,
0.30951422452926636,
-0.43759480118751526,
-0.2724611461162567,
-0.11874596029520035,
-0.25734561681747437,
-0.3661194145679474,
0.7614880204200745,
-0.48718082904815674,
-0.18080875277519226,
-0.19142457842826843,
-0.0751510038971901,
-0.1889735907316208,
0.43670547008514404,
0.8446066379547119,
0.2426384538412094,
0.17963378131389618,
0.3034454584121704,
-0.47357437014579773,
0.648529589176178,
0.27805095911026,
0.24108025431632996,
-0.6931084990501404,
0.5135672688484192,
0.3390771448612213,
-0.3010888397693634,
-0.3971599042415619,
0.25967514514923096,
-0.06234480068087578,
-0.04416073486208916,
0.34702709317207336,
-0.48780277371406555,
0.07689179480075836,
0.821235179901123,
-1.1483522653579712,
-0.32513099908828735,
-0.15734393894672394,
-0.19803230464458466,
0.793623149394989,
0.08682756870985031,
-0.13714836537837982,
-0.40458375215530396,
0.5205984115600586,
0.8942385911941528,
0.40139445662498474,
-0.6726780533790588,
-0.22543030977249146,
-0.8516842126846313,
-0.402949720621109,
0.5012972950935364,
1.1069964170455933,
-0.4201485216617584,
-0.44014301896095276,
-0.5773392915725708,
-0.2786344885826111,
0.7724171280860901,
-0.12749026715755463,
-0.3269505798816681,
-0.38820239901542664,
0.00008640006126370281,
-0.12407516688108444,
-0.4118160903453827,
0.351522296667099,
-0.801840603351593,
0.02712562493979931,
0.17468959093093872,
-0.10793660581111908,
0.5610024333000183,
-0.767264187335968,
0.4020339548587799,
0.2703585922718048,
-0.8041698336601257,
0.0609615296125412,
-0.004553549457341433,
-0.11195925623178482,
0.17256106436252594,
-0.29699939489364624,
-4.500938415527344,
0.6219046115875244,
-0.05886908620595932,
-0.37971436977386475,
-0.03360157459974289,
-0.37845972180366516,
0.07981427758932114,
-0.45198187232017517,
-0.027350619435310364,
-0.01630515232682228,
-0.564142644405365,
-0.6399218440055847,
0.23614799976348877,
0.7983101606369019,
1.2580621242523193,
0.17509303987026215,
1.6389689445495605,
-0.6401779651641846,
0.760233461856842,
0.5206705927848816,
-0.31069329380989075,
0.2621968984603882,
-0.22621215879917145,
-0.32346871495246887,
0.9817398190498352,
0.51482093334198,
0.13616704940795898,
-0.17493635416030884,
-0.8446027636528015,
-0.17269055545330048,
0.39477816224098206,
0.12069971859455109,
-0.29791438579559326,
-0.42334040999412537,
-0.12041785567998886,
-0.40741845965385437,
0.48239874839782715,
-0.30557799339294434,
0.3762447237968445,
-0.3517290949821472,
0.5100520849227905,
0.21905381977558136,
-0.6226451396942139,
-0.5150933861732483,
0.6808241605758667,
-0.2031896561384201,
-0.43001919984817505,
-0.27650395035743713,
-0.003683721413835883,
0.7272023558616638,
0.6178120374679565,
0.2470710575580597,
0.7227486968040466,
0.31284284591674805,
0.4386079013347626,
-0.546402633190155,
0.3192751109600067,
0.2992200255393982,
-0.5924711227416992,
0.5890320539474487,
0.5303629040718079,
-0.49772024154663086,
0.16355817019939423,
-0.05504203215241432,
0.042753495275974274,
-0.467672199010849,
0.2465849369764328,
-0.060874052345752716,
0.009923115372657776,
0.0693020448088646,
-0.07414312660694122,
0.5344832539558411,
-0.715924084186554,
-0.7296187281608582,
0.5708983540534973,
-0.8526312112808228,
0.033161651343107224,
0.42939382791519165,
-0.6946395039558411,
-0.08818253129720688,
-0.20984618365764618,
-0.19554628431797028,
0.12557488679885864,
0.21612083911895752,
0.3989849090576172,
-0.47120338678359985,
-0.07060950249433517,
0.5777327418327332,
-0.18412846326828003,
-0.9320498108863831,
0.7344592213630676,
0.1908373236656189,
0.5012206435203552,
0.17888157069683075,
-0.3538851737976074,
0.3101375102996826,
0.8589532375335693,
-0.07557210326194763,
0.23489439487457275,
-0.33732303977012634,
0.0032154673244804144,
-0.4275681674480438,
-0.1100573018193245,
-0.17799879610538483,
-0.03646291047334671,
-0.8735361695289612,
-0.23038673400878906,
0.04334666579961777,
0.3585771918296814,
-0.513756513595581,
-0.37785059213638306,
-0.03283078223466873,
-0.5460084080696106,
-0.03204082325100899,
0.7493212223052979,
0.21796157956123352,
-0.24219004809856415,
0.3200916647911072,
0.3244132101535797,
0.39216703176498413,
0.11355356872081757,
-0.2467624992132187,
-0.6483675837516785,
0.6668010950088501,
-0.13333219289779663,
-0.43555039167404175,
0.2728910446166992,
-0.3475916385650635,
-0.36482658982276917,
0.21281757950782776,
-0.19640497863292694,
0.16162040829658508,
-0.3218214213848114,
-0.04437527805566788,
-0.18918374180793762,
-0.16679595410823822,
-0.7762399911880493,
-1.030991792678833,
0.4337678849697113,
0.2538331151008606,
0.4871496856212616,
0.23600688576698303,
-0.5284422636032104,
0.6969401836395264,
-0.2559981346130371,
0.5049110651016235,
0.3783038854598999,
-0.028156490996479988,
-0.7799772620201111,
0.5589937567710876,
-0.8464978933334351,
-0.32933539152145386,
0.1112276166677475,
-0.6279900670051575,
0.20211583375930786,
-0.2465406209230423,
0.16133016347885132,
0.6114193797111511,
0.20176714658737183,
-0.42928898334503174,
0.46898919343948364,
-0.4728963375091553,
-0.40197592973709106,
1.073777198791504,
-0.1480426788330078,
-0.46430930495262146,
-0.16864219307899475,
-0.2584114968776703,
-0.5917612910270691,
0.016768496483564377,
0.40877607464790344,
-0.42312857508659363,
-0.5172744989395142,
0.04860510677099228,
0.7191076278686523,
-0.5350772738456726,
-0.07874567061662674,
-0.07572108507156372,
0.032148655503988266,
-0.4950006306171417,
-0.3633230924606323,
-0.2241571545600891,
-0.7271302342414856,
-0.38028258085250854,
0.11862273514270782,
-0.20679214596748352,
-0.4420216679573059,
-0.25110188126564026,
-0.06098151579499245,
0.0025638327933847904,
-0.2008170485496521,
-0.25990861654281616,
0.7734684348106384,
0.05449860170483589,
-0.2590216100215912,
-1.2352735996246338,
0.22569122910499573,
0.3023086190223694,
-0.33171865344047546,
-0.8532823324203491,
0.2586466670036316,
0.6592720150947571,
-0.12713417410850525,
0.32925283908843994,
0.06536709517240524,
-0.8567450046539307,
0.7152034640312195,
0.8892351984977722,
-1.0922892093658447,
0.7968088984489441,
-0.1758788526058197,
-0.9336507320404053,
0.40110254287719727,
0.7391611337661743,
0.038564179092645645,
0.3921406865119934,
0.45472660660743713,
0.36145472526550293,
-0.4801025688648224,
-0.078569196164608,
-0.609533429145813,
-0.23244570195674896,
-0.26883193850517273,
-0.7664487361907959,
-0.6618689298629761,
0.6194833517074585,
0.2405308336019516,
0.048322223126888275,
0.6831326484680176,
-0.9296852946281433,
-0.14636148512363434,
0.13066132366657257,
0.06810760498046875,
0.13998045027256012,
0.43365663290023804,
0.36439624428749084,
-0.4539140462875366,
0.382173091173172,
0.7542532682418823,
-0.2787817418575287,
0.45386186242103577,
1.5550379753112793,
0.38653045892715454,
-0.4644339978694916,
-0.20682984590530396,
-0.022428538650274277,
0.36867645382881165,
-0.06966772675514221,
-1.3522942066192627,
0.5871371626853943,
0.5653737187385559,
-0.4109036922454834,
-0.4413781464099884,
0.08897900581359863,
1.2750067710876465,
-0.6047397255897522,
-0.48768147826194763,
0.4307144582271576,
-0.5822842717170715,
0.7353160977363586,
0.13896076381206512,
0.3281732499599457,
0.4206574559211731,
0.35032057762145996,
0.6408560276031494,
-0.16675636172294617,
0.06101442500948906,
-0.5534095168113708,
0.010619020089507103,
-0.895106315612793,
-0.23096464574337006,
-0.3894018828868866,
0.18399092555046082,
-0.31609636545181274,
-0.6230005025863647,
-0.08536319434642792,
0.14688409864902496,
-0.799172043800354,
-0.5232369303703308,
-0.4247802793979645,
-0.4883076846599579,
-0.10089350491762161,
0.3526197671890259,
-0.4498513638973236,
-0.07147355377674103,
-0.7864124178886414,
-0.5252183675765991,
0.2611899673938751,
-1.1557947397232056,
0.09237898141145706,
-0.2662210464477539,
0.09175140410661697,
0.024371491745114326,
-0.705020546913147,
0.12378259003162384,
0.6114938855171204,
0.07545045018196106,
0.17357276380062103,
-0.5347194671630859,
0.29360586404800415,
-0.2579803764820099,
0.8169299960136414,
-0.3898606598377228,
-1.0462251901626587,
0.4155643880367279,
-0.107503242790699,
-0.34708842635154724,
-0.8813263773918152,
0.30307191610336304,
0.4133337140083313,
0.28680023550987244,
-0.10481369495391846,
0.21020159125328064,
0.4912085235118866,
-0.9438035488128662,
0.8443328142166138,
0.3462454378604889,
-0.5289417505264282,
-0.6707871556282043,
0.26175281405448914,
-0.7340887188911438,
-0.004544535186141729,
0.8531591296195984,
0.5680933594703674,
-0.4274253249168396,
1.0766322612762451,
-0.15042749047279358,
0.4732186794281006,
0.22627457976341248,
0.20584362745285034,
-0.2606608271598816,
-1.0452810525894165,
-0.5978055000305176,
0.2971164286136627,
-1.238390326499939,
0.007464868947863579,
-0.1180150955915451,
-0.587419867515564,
-0.2916581630706787,
-0.32939910888671875,
-0.3317122757434845,
0.2127360701560974,
-0.13137860596179962,
-0.035029441118240356,
0.28284138441085815,
-0.35587266087532043,
-0.10667351633310318,
-0.295987069606781,
0.49840423464775085,
0.09374257922172546,
-0.5054769515991211,
-0.4779113233089447,
-0.45567017793655396,
-0.6514163017272949,
-0.46402060985565186,
-0.1652970314025879,
0.15566276013851166,
-0.5586942434310913,
-0.7310625910758972,
0.4284527003765106,
-0.21728673577308655,
-1.1349165439605713,
0.4073878228664398,
0.15553079545497894,
-0.4318830668926239,
-0.883399248123169,
0.6786538362503052,
-0.2815433442592621,
-0.3303505480289459,
0.9297896027565002,
0.578108549118042,
0.18724626302719116,
0.15101279318332672,
0.32554736733436584,
0.15049071609973907,
0.44825226068496704,
0.4300558865070343,
0.07777196168899536,
-0.0505090095102787,
0.0490422397851944,
-0.5948179960250854,
0.5377735495567322,
-0.5920758247375488,
-0.13328544795513153,
-0.15994545817375183,
-0.5910477638244629,
-0.6504244804382324,
0.3172515034675598,
0.7913183569908142,
-0.9411210417747498,
0.22023512423038483,
-0.2596416175365448,
-0.4144231975078583,
-0.10705458372831345,
0.1284295916557312,
-0.11650799214839935,
0.17144328355789185,
0.5737597346305847,
0.9661945700645447,
0.0569940060377121,
0.214469313621521,
0.07307013869285583,
0.08136564493179321,
-0.14870578050613403,
0.7322881817817688,
0.7264570593833923,
-0.32488077878952026,
0.34808027744293213,
-0.565645158290863,
0.8814699649810791,
-0.6672243475914001,
0.18832017481327057,
-0.4865696430206299,
0.7236319780349731,
-0.35342732071876526,
-0.21059542894363403,
0.5455546379089355,
-0.3184458613395691,
-0.2079857736825943,
-0.24981525540351868,
0.06344718486070633,
-0.32125502824783325,
0.8786261081695557,
0.29364556074142456,
-0.08899477124214172,
-0.1352655291557312,
-0.5768332481384277,
-0.38190048933029175,
-1.1291193962097168,
0.23640842735767365,
0.23430690169334412,
-0.9796543121337891,
0.07517644017934799,
0.01378342229872942,
-0.3799247741699219,
-0.7540488243103027,
-0.09524737298488617,
1.2771644592285156,
0.48890963196754456,
-0.5767738819122314,
0.15494641661643982,
-0.324338436126709,
-0.12289145588874817,
-0.0036571980454027653,
0.6391584277153015,
0.8109294772148132,
-0.8469071388244629,
-0.45868438482284546,
-0.3653052747249603,
0.385576993227005,
-0.09600971639156342,
-0.12841719388961792,
0.06811399012804031,
0.021178582683205605,
-0.2869511544704437,
0.1914817988872528,
0.7048471570014954,
-0.24542562663555145,
0.8622269034385681,
-0.028605761006474495
]
|
123439 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saddle%20Butte%2C%20Montana | Saddle Butte, Montana | Saddle Butte is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States. The population was 128 at the 2010 census.
Geography
Saddle Butte is located in eastern Hill County at (48.523344, -109.644020), along the southeast border of Havre, the county seat. The community is named for Saddle Butte, a peak in the eastern part of the CDP. The center of the Saddle Butte community is southeast of the center of Havre via Clear Creek Road and Bullhook Road.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 138 people, 43 households, and 39 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 53.3 people per square mile (20.6/km). There were 43 housing units at an average density of 16.6/sq mi (6.4/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.10% White, 0.72% Native American, 0.72% Asian, 0.72% from other races, and 0.72% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.07% of the population.
There were 43 households, out of which 53.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 86.0% were married couples living together, 4.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 7.0% were non-families. 4.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.21 and the average family size was 3.33.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 30.4% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 31.2% from 45 to 64, and 0.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $62,857, and the median income for a family was $62,857. Males had a median income of $47,500 versus $13,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $23,768. None of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line.
References
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.16022953391075134,
0.7558508515357971,
-0.054388951510190964,
-0.1782020926475525,
0.14756478369235992,
0.48722848296165466,
0.9346856474876404,
0.6113302111625671,
0.524564266204834,
-0.3097530007362366,
-0.0007846551015973091,
0.33006083965301514,
-0.7182034850120544,
0.40591201186180115,
-0.5569103360176086,
0.24786417186260223,
0.5470588803291321,
0.5849762558937073,
0.46379828453063965,
-0.2696199417114258,
0.3212625980377197,
-1.018597960472107,
0.24100999534130096,
0.35625970363616943,
-0.2260071337223053,
0.5554172992706299,
0.42165106534957886,
0.42487114667892456,
-0.16134457290172577,
0.24427279829978943,
0.0818101018667221,
0.8525814414024353,
-0.728267252445221,
-0.38017594814300537,
-0.11970604956150055,
0.07029104232788086,
0.7461621165275574,
0.0018255586037412286,
0.23150312900543213,
-0.3013475835323334,
0.1388377994298935,
-0.04495757445693016,
0.18081460893154144,
-0.050326135009527206,
0.14752711355686188,
-0.34079602360725403,
-1.3555176258087158,
0.43682730197906494,
-1.0445870161056519,
-0.5419063568115234,
-0.7722291946411133,
0.1844027042388916,
0.1500888466835022,
0.23433516919612885,
0.5610469579696655,
0.5106043815612793,
0.1527160108089447,
0.3807201385498047,
0.4705808162689209,
-0.13994736969470978,
-0.23970778286457062,
0.5440373420715332,
0.4292633533477783,
-0.21276888251304626,
-0.6167235970497131,
0.011822979897260666,
0.02000293880701065,
0.1758006066083908,
0.45100679993629456,
-0.28872746229171753,
0.06464511156082153,
-0.12370812147855759,
-0.174502432346344,
0.9463250637054443,
0.24734066426753998,
0.9055227637290955,
-0.8361947536468506,
0.1476716250181198,
-0.17614607512950897,
0.045010171830654144,
0.4844363331794739,
-0.02454758808016777,
0.12701451778411865,
-0.2019524872303009,
-0.3224453330039978,
0.057575833052396774,
-0.5099141001701355,
-0.17401133477687836,
-0.24705637991428375,
0.9139074087142944,
-0.7016318440437317,
-0.543804407119751,
-0.18276748061180115,
-0.12733763456344604,
0.10632181167602539,
-0.34388086199760437,
0.06185949966311455,
0.36826804280281067,
-0.24623556435108185,
0.3977120518684387,
-0.1007479876279831,
0.04590676724910736,
1.478896141052246,
-0.08969450742006302,
-0.728874683380127,
-0.9342968463897705,
-0.6571483016014099,
-0.09553226083517075,
-0.1690203845500946,
-0.14699047803878784,
-0.6471104621887207,
0.37061721086502075,
0.1604059934616089,
-0.3900928199291229,
-0.4773126542568207,
0.5743931531906128,
-0.1686723828315735,
-0.23029600083827972,
-0.40235912799835205,
-0.42781755328178406,
0.30911490321159363,
0.41208332777023315,
-0.6651607751846313,
0.13543765246868134,
-0.1290603131055832,
0.24599336087703705,
0.6781178116798401,
-0.07036472111940384,
0.4083685278892517,
0.44393429160118103,
-0.7918747663497925,
0.6725338697433472,
0.06347476691007614,
-0.10918280482292175,
0.025697141885757446,
-0.9151048064231873,
-0.15482498705387115,
-0.5136376619338989,
0.24222470819950104,
0.10736354440450668,
-0.5426973700523376,
0.08558318763971329,
-0.1852276623249054,
-0.4408562183380127,
0.6376280784606934,
-0.11916100233793259,
-0.14468374848365784,
-0.7837762832641602,
0.10390695184469223,
-0.19230858981609344,
0.10824153572320938,
0.07687278836965561,
0.3261265456676483,
1.0761603116989136,
0.19056609272956848,
0.18855810165405273,
0.5466111898422241,
0.2630642056465149,
0.5078510642051697,
0.2589481770992279,
0.5179950594902039,
0.989785373210907,
0.9412887692451477,
0.506851851940155,
0.7325512170791626,
-0.42988812923431396,
0.5138838887214661,
-0.6325948238372803,
-0.21121491491794586,
0.6840122938156128,
-0.0112598342821002,
0.27983951568603516,
0.3540858030319214,
0.06841010600328445,
0.19345414638519287,
-0.47011151909828186,
0.7125245928764343,
0.4430822730064392,
0.02602485753595829,
-0.25152111053466797,
-1.018479824066162,
0.4740199148654938,
0.20057374238967896,
0.08911176025867462,
0.1703382134437561,
-0.050744447857141495,
0.5419164299964905,
-0.4236832559108734,
-0.3269985020160675,
-0.9238056540489197,
-1.0290989875793457,
-0.8806833624839783,
0.7228751182556152,
-0.3799518048763275,
0.7183002233505249,
0.04069075360894203,
-0.341606080532074,
0.033853400498628616,
0.007629884406924248,
0.23559841513633728,
-0.17255721986293793,
-0.3618635833263397,
0.8105612397193909,
-0.8756516575813293,
-0.48657646775245667,
0.299922913312912,
0.2385440319776535,
-0.1022285595536232,
0.38251492381095886,
0.8759908080101013,
0.3518291115760803,
-0.32128244638442993,
0.06387034058570862,
0.8359947800636292,
-0.6988707780838013,
-0.30240052938461304,
-0.20132941007614136,
-0.12127843499183655,
0.493196964263916,
-0.4942531883716583,
0.6073440313339233,
0.3065800666809082,
0.015718843787908554,
-0.004234548192471266,
-0.27536529302597046,
0.495505690574646,
0.63596111536026,
0.23919568955898285,
-0.2584242820739746,
0.10574532300233841,
0.598182201385498,
0.2148541510105133,
0.5045440793037415,
-0.2808329463005066,
-0.035484813153743744,
-0.09161802381277084,
-0.20408214628696442,
-0.5062233805656433,
0.8476426005363464,
-0.8878828883171082,
-0.18067525327205658,
0.3372354805469513,
-0.7472038865089417,
-0.024288645014166832,
0.19508548080921173,
0.5389649868011475,
0.3378220796585083,
0.26998862624168396,
-0.26174846291542053,
-0.5098642706871033,
0.2905024290084839,
0.2693241238594055,
0.21329453587532043,
-0.3013848066329956,
0.2667984664440155,
0.23211167752742767,
-0.26864197850227356,
-0.32168328762054443,
0.1543756127357483,
-0.25720709562301636,
-0.11831189692020416,
0.5237855315208435,
-0.3666916787624359,
0.2599119246006012,
0.5479593276977539,
-0.6800835132598877,
-0.33537012338638306,
-0.2185078263282776,
-0.3951672911643982,
0.5014967918395996,
0.4301779866218567,
-0.2610134184360504,
-0.19132475554943085,
0.3777170777320862,
0.49653294682502747,
0.20987668633460999,
-0.623543381690979,
-0.47648894786834717,
-1.066288709640503,
-0.24376918375492096,
0.6282269358634949,
0.9866831302642822,
0.07403918355703354,
-0.12003704160451889,
-0.26108062267303467,
-0.3563701808452606,
0.7356641888618469,
-0.34516769647598267,
-0.5296041369438171,
-0.5061556100845337,
-0.07672224193811417,
-0.2235298901796341,
-0.2002888023853302,
0.15454892814159393,
-0.5261553525924683,
-0.008087757043540478,
0.4316783845424652,
0.1467144638299942,
0.7503364682197571,
-0.8263835906982422,
0.3716040253639221,
0.2921813130378723,
-0.9052373170852661,
-0.07052425295114517,
-0.4316822588443756,
-0.18509307503700256,
0.025783060118556023,
-0.6799070835113525,
-4.536163330078125,
0.7881103157997131,
-0.2695367932319641,
-0.7967648506164551,
-0.20818942785263062,
-0.7735942602157593,
0.1457509696483612,
-0.2937302887439728,
-0.13878105580806732,
0.23644806444644928,
-0.3304688036441803,
-0.397931843996048,
0.19472184777259827,
0.4103798270225525,
0.697253406047821,
0.055719926953315735,
0.8340399265289307,
-0.23872388899326324,
0.6732242107391357,
0.4899945855140686,
0.05175601318478584,
0.5807698965072632,
-0.063767209649086,
0.05114610865712166,
0.9294883012771606,
0.7976828813552856,
-0.4067852199077606,
-0.10073542594909668,
-0.626069962978363,
-0.16284741461277008,
0.41282370686531067,
-0.008439181372523308,
-0.7440845966339111,
-0.018534207716584206,
-0.23411154747009277,
-0.21065208315849304,
0.5502790212631226,
-0.4139205813407898,
0.7733376026153564,
-0.28461122512817383,
0.14097431302070618,
0.23137116432189941,
0.06857851147651672,
-0.14375540614128113,
0.9060664772987366,
-0.012052725069224834,
-0.09583745151758194,
-0.5494818687438965,
-0.05630034953355789,
0.8974184989929199,
0.23651264607906342,
0.5702347159385681,
0.8087249994277954,
0.03256240114569664,
0.6248288750648499,
-0.274452269077301,
0.07540242373943329,
0.41436517238616943,
-0.6833997368812561,
0.5834369659423828,
0.062391821295022964,
-0.9228007793426514,
-0.012095929123461246,
-0.27164164185523987,
0.13905492424964905,
-0.6432178020477295,
0.2315341681241989,
0.37976375222206116,
0.1383870244026184,
-0.08244511485099792,
0.286999374628067,
0.5133036971092224,
-0.5853407979011536,
-0.7526147961616516,
0.619419276714325,
-1.0480329990386963,
-0.0701574981212616,
0.27713215351104736,
-0.7505741715431213,
-0.15886105597019196,
-0.16976511478424072,
-0.23513181507587433,
0.2959609925746918,
0.16813436150550842,
0.6589779853820801,
-0.5818145275115967,
-0.5198571681976318,
-0.06061169132590294,
-0.14274588227272034,
-0.8192890882492065,
0.7427145838737488,
-0.12294202297925949,
0.6402722001075745,
0.05174168571829796,
-0.027683841064572334,
0.17555437982082367,
0.5700488090515137,
0.026159754022955894,
-0.09314514696598053,
-0.24909855425357819,
0.5172216296195984,
-0.47994285821914673,
-0.05955750122666359,
0.023711586371064186,
-0.6282801032066345,
-1.0297763347625732,
0.05985959619283676,
0.3627117872238159,
1.0563188791275024,
-0.6566290855407715,
-0.5610302686691284,
0.16248087584972382,
-0.5779507160186768,
0.04133841395378113,
0.3025516867637634,
0.37704047560691833,
-0.48114144802093506,
0.27912139892578125,
0.5536420345306396,
0.20352238416671753,
0.2639772891998291,
-0.369748592376709,
-0.5036147832870483,
0.0016087336698547006,
-0.33148127794265747,
0.057879045605659485,
0.41214418411254883,
-0.28855451941490173,
-0.3831826150417328,
0.387467622756958,
-0.3073435425758362,
-0.25598597526550293,
-0.4521007537841797,
-0.05185471847653389,
-0.5080684423446655,
-0.19757449626922607,
-0.7259025573730469,
-0.72953861951828,
0.4172848165035248,
0.3813571035861969,
0.26304152607917786,
0.6861234307289124,
-0.3802744150161743,
0.5771161317825317,
-0.04996315389871597,
0.5686478018760681,
-0.300586462020874,
-0.5340334177017212,
-0.9991756081581116,
0.6032666563987732,
-1.0921984910964966,
-0.20992311835289001,
-0.2118167281150818,
-0.5452307462692261,
0.19095881283283234,
0.32419145107269287,
-0.5456130504608154,
0.8970212340354919,
-0.07411358505487442,
-0.2811150848865509,
0.5459439158439636,
-0.5277788639068604,
-0.4477487802505493,
0.9174914360046387,
-0.32441017031669617,
-0.3955604135990143,
-0.21395719051361084,
-0.5428780317306519,
-0.8814713954925537,
0.322542279958725,
1.1207950115203857,
-0.17707349359989166,
-0.058281417936086655,
-0.08209451287984848,
0.3285816013813019,
-0.543615460395813,
-0.18200461566448212,
0.0055226609110832214,
0.4527950584888458,
-0.01770820841193199,
-0.35212451219558716,
-0.24727202951908112,
-0.2965485751628876,
-0.1507895141839981,
0.117109015583992,
-0.5030773282051086,
-0.3828924894332886,
-0.03954128921031952,
0.28379908204078674,
0.2646307647228241,
0.2861189842224121,
-0.4196022152900696,
0.1500152349472046,
-0.06172497197985649,
-0.1191503033041954,
-0.9880495667457581,
0.05736803635954857,
-0.19130311906337738,
-0.43308934569358826,
-0.8910428285598755,
0.09134943783283234,
0.5638819932937622,
-0.09572345018386841,
0.46576371788978577,
-0.036577966064214706,
-0.5090919733047485,
0.9092446565628052,
0.8723932504653931,
-1.2231009006500244,
0.7080174684524536,
-0.05037801340222359,
-0.9310078024864197,
0.6728223562240601,
0.7394493222236633,
0.10746291279792786,
0.31508633494377136,
0.2554268538951874,
0.6882405877113342,
-0.5895891189575195,
-0.14197108149528503,
0.019499655812978745,
-0.16623592376708984,
-0.31457358598709106,
-0.9360102415084839,
-0.5592600703239441,
0.019625654444098473,
0.47110679745674133,
-0.4149833917617798,
0.9135233759880066,
-0.9550936818122864,
-0.03914419189095497,
0.1935543268918991,
-0.20101521909236908,
0.4319067895412445,
0.47329097986221313,
0.5698353052139282,
-0.7684895396232605,
0.0992424264550209,
0.5960444808006287,
-0.4573212265968323,
0.2808954417705536,
1.6913846731185913,
0.580981969833374,
-0.6160364151000977,
-0.5034552216529846,
0.21821682155132294,
0.370463103055954,
-0.08118877559900284,
-1.1478794813156128,
0.9364951848983765,
0.6126420497894287,
-0.4304163157939911,
-0.5371915102005005,
0.08989973366260529,
1.1124944686889648,
-1.0099233388900757,
-0.345794141292572,
0.9192618727684021,
-0.25844162702560425,
0.6778656244277954,
0.49674782156944275,
0.09357839822769165,
0.11185726523399353,
0.3441644310951233,
0.5968883633613586,
-0.164082869887352,
-0.09543884545564651,
-0.6261172294616699,
0.2617449164390564,
-1.310800552368164,
-0.20832687616348267,
-0.3422587513923645,
0.3651200532913208,
-0.3316831886768341,
-0.7427477836608887,
-0.06326569616794586,
0.19385966658592224,
-0.8820708394050598,
-0.5784294009208679,
-0.018451068550348282,
-0.2883073389530182,
-0.2832579016685486,
0.2741761803627014,
-0.2826114892959595,
-0.19926536083221436,
-0.7106252908706665,
-0.14619742333889008,
0.08057276904582977,
-1.1248207092285156,
0.46190276741981506,
-0.6049442887306213,
0.14055456221103668,
0.09623274207115173,
-0.8020026087760925,
0.5284388065338135,
0.36316046118736267,
0.8025856614112854,
0.4734940230846405,
-0.766325831413269,
0.2736174762248993,
-0.6537021398544312,
0.9817800521850586,
0.08596466481685638,
-0.604856014251709,
0.4712139964103699,
-0.08361818641424179,
-0.6568759083747864,
-0.6148361563682556,
0.17124225199222565,
0.22337782382965088,
0.08507020771503448,
0.34797152876853943,
-0.008658701553940773,
0.7092037796974182,
-0.32606208324432373,
0.34348803758621216,
0.4235629439353943,
0.005720572080463171,
-0.775301992893219,
0.7319607138633728,
-0.6899685859680176,
-0.05543624609708786,
0.7800273895263672,
0.6744905710220337,
-0.3463464081287384,
0.8279382586479187,
-0.44726499915122986,
0.7235026359558105,
0.11886566132307053,
0.4295099377632141,
-0.40242576599121094,
-0.9787059426307678,
-0.18443940579891205,
0.15180540084838867,
-0.6587219834327698,
-0.37562915682792664,
-0.11140017956495285,
-0.4847973883152008,
-0.39699476957321167,
0.14253221452236176,
-0.10999325662851334,
-0.4060022830963135,
0.15448971092700958,
0.2305644452571869,
0.2842947542667389,
-0.4501507580280304,
-0.24182575941085815,
0.00654413690790534,
0.10824113339185715,
-0.22896085679531097,
-0.27399957180023193,
-0.397325724363327,
-0.31014981865882874,
-0.8367465138435364,
-0.651404619216919,
0.13123196363449097,
0.2692856192588806,
-0.4104110300540924,
-0.7901555299758911,
0.8199242949485779,
-0.07058709114789963,
-1.0267075300216675,
0.35608941316604614,
0.07282835990190506,
-0.3004329204559326,
-0.47005870938301086,
0.36005982756614685,
-0.7497103214263916,
0.2566208839416504,
0.7965064644813538,
0.513032078742981,
0.4698633849620819,
0.008558792062103748,
0.5022719502449036,
0.3575574457645416,
0.40705379843711853,
0.3745953142642975,
0.1524965614080429,
0.1975896954536438,
0.18286576867103577,
-0.5250408053398132,
0.5540116429328918,
-0.48695918917655945,
-0.2787281572818756,
0.2161160409450531,
-0.82525634765625,
-0.14216896891593933,
0.42483842372894287,
0.04184189811348915,
-0.6614848375320435,
0.11634647101163864,
-0.27890247106552124,
-0.5044654011726379,
-0.5495346784591675,
0.3053959012031555,
-0.04931366816163063,
0.14747782051563263,
0.4059733748435974,
0.3319147229194641,
0.09550920128822327,
0.09931939840316772,
-0.1540888547897339,
0.586165189743042,
-0.050828080624341965,
0.42822960019111633,
0.673748791217804,
-0.18124325573444366,
0.40569502115249634,
-0.7038615942001343,
0.6038432121276855,
-0.35932451486587524,
0.41493305563926697,
-0.21105952560901642,
1.175590991973877,
-0.1735311895608902,
-0.31546011567115784,
0.29495543241500854,
-0.07573319971561432,
-0.24811726808547974,
-0.585540235042572,
0.015577511861920357,
-1.144309401512146,
0.8107931017875671,
0.5524660348892212,
0.04088076576590538,
-0.2175392359495163,
-0.2885340750217438,
-0.10608123987913132,
-1.248517632484436,
0.6154969930648804,
0.16714376211166382,
-0.8118709921836853,
-0.2542243003845215,
-0.42835503816604614,
-0.12565486133098602,
-1.1219900846481323,
-0.3889191448688507,
1.0703855752944946,
0.38862961530685425,
-0.44956424832344055,
0.17056910693645477,
-0.3488054573535919,
0.017402585595846176,
0.2678699493408203,
0.7626199722290039,
0.6778161525726318,
-0.897526204586029,
-0.9509744644165039,
-0.6823813915252686,
0.6053145527839661,
0.16448025405406952,
-0.1161070317029953,
0.1104099303483963,
-0.8773317933082581,
-0.07487668842077255,
-0.4075954854488373,
0.601468026638031,
-0.2467237114906311,
0.8135790824890137,
-0.31554797291755676
]
|
123441 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangrey%2C%20Montana | Sangrey, Montana | Sangrey is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States. The population was 306 at the 2010 census, up from 263 in 2000.
Geography
Sangrey is located in southeastern Hill County at (48.289730, -109.836556), within the Rocky Boy Indian Reservation. The CDP is bordered to the north by Azure, to the east by Rocky Boy's Agency, and to the south by St. Pierre, all in Hill County, and to the west by Boneau in Chouteau County.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Sangrey CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 263 people, 69 households, and 60 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 41.6 people per square mile (16.1/km). There were 77 housing units at an average density of 12.2/sq mi (4.7/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 0.76% White, 95.82% Native American, 0.38% Asian, and 3.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.28% of the population.
There were 69 households, out of which 50.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 29.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 13.0% were non-families. 11.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 1.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.81 and the average family size was 4.10.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 42.6% under the age of 18, 11.0% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 15.2% from 45 to 64, and 4.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 23 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $20,089, and the median income for a family was $20,446. Males had a median income of $35,417 versus $30,313 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $6,519. About 54.0% of families and 57.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 70.2% of those under the age of eighteen and 33.3% of those 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.16959580779075623,
0.6785882711410522,
-0.0721268355846405,
-0.3424921929836273,
0.18872462213039398,
0.6226022243499756,
1.1919703483581543,
0.6346164345741272,
0.15179553627967834,
-0.18963302671909332,
-0.2982369661331177,
0.10835471749305725,
-0.3712691366672516,
0.4283919632434845,
-0.7590179443359375,
0.7162221670150757,
0.5845572352409363,
0.731684684753418,
0.7723835706710815,
-0.4679397940635681,
0.013422613963484764,
-0.6827765703201294,
0.2706834673881531,
0.4893791675567627,
0.1508483737707138,
0.69399493932724,
0.4103735387325287,
0.4639420807361603,
0.009711632505059242,
0.2434750348329544,
-0.12664583325386047,
0.8801549077033997,
-0.32544276118278503,
-0.3226858079433441,
0.014795877039432526,
-0.1883867084980011,
0.3777714669704437,
-0.18812613189220428,
0.2474667727947235,
0.026526223868131638,
0.007727230433374643,
-0.34700295329093933,
0.609634518623352,
-0.22382286190986633,
-0.011257171630859375,
-0.309062123298645,
-1.6768773794174194,
0.4717606008052826,
-0.4886177182197571,
-0.20204712450504303,
-0.8507668972015381,
0.07698199152946472,
0.058933839201927185,
0.06900319457054138,
0.46293729543685913,
0.3742443919181824,
-0.3927345871925354,
0.36854463815689087,
0.6240320205688477,
0.22233253717422485,
-0.573157012462616,
0.17730560898780823,
0.3417368233203888,
-0.405932754278183,
-0.4277101159095764,
-0.14473667740821838,
0.16770409047603607,
-0.06615786999464035,
0.24846217036247253,
-0.9626493453979492,
-0.11797279119491577,
0.3287135660648346,
-0.2010948807001114,
0.551725447177887,
0.400133341550827,
0.5553935766220093,
-0.7743179798126221,
-0.057416219264268875,
-0.06375619769096375,
-0.07602567970752716,
0.531251847743988,
0.1820722371339798,
0.5315383076667786,
-0.09626588970422745,
-0.08486964553594589,
-0.022761235013604164,
-0.5617810487747192,
0.36295801401138306,
0.14846675097942352,
0.7054031491279602,
-1.0626050233840942,
-0.7247344851493835,
-0.018018851056694984,
-0.020309973508119583,
-0.3928579092025757,
0.14748506247997284,
-0.2071366310119629,
0.3359420895576477,
-0.2496575266122818,
0.46523603796958923,
-0.007344625424593687,
0.2136688083410263,
1.2373870611190796,
-0.31754520535469055,
-0.853457510471344,
-0.6436681151390076,
-0.8040252923965454,
-0.026064539328217506,
-0.2839682102203369,
-0.04743770509958267,
-0.46395444869995117,
0.13147014379501343,
0.12123163789510727,
-0.5778201222419739,
0.17353053390979767,
0.5786250829696655,
-0.013605463318526745,
-0.41213613748550415,
-0.3056012988090515,
-0.20480266213417053,
0.9714378118515015,
0.47871285676956177,
-0.2428501844406128,
-0.029793495312333107,
-0.2779383361339569,
0.24836435914039612,
0.6480113863945007,
0.0061479839496314526,
0.20295456051826477,
0.37775498628616333,
-0.6078449487686157,
0.2215714156627655,
0.24915030598640442,
0.5824500322341919,
0.23562973737716675,
-0.9140182137489319,
0.02935928665101528,
-0.6305720210075378,
0.15671077370643616,
0.39834895730018616,
-0.7023609280586243,
0.19860360026359558,
-0.24648088216781616,
-0.42304375767707825,
0.8370397686958313,
-0.09301362931728363,
-0.0015917728887870908,
-0.9626193642616272,
0.13621850311756134,
-0.29268044233322144,
0.4291416108608246,
0.07599101960659027,
0.125543475151062,
0.5116847157478333,
-0.03401691094040871,
0.23306716978549957,
0.6646247506141663,
0.139410138130188,
0.7910374999046326,
0.5122776627540588,
0.18260526657104492,
1.215408205986023,
0.7934728860855103,
0.02906488999724388,
0.3647235631942749,
-0.25568708777427673,
0.17231342196464539,
-0.3113590180873871,
0.047747720032930374,
0.32984456419944763,
-0.35918059945106506,
0.4748915731906891,
0.6347588300704956,
0.2805275022983551,
0.2425268590450287,
-0.8334923386573792,
0.8600350022315979,
0.4994901120662689,
-0.024691859260201454,
-0.4416472315788269,
-0.783423900604248,
0.1517021805047989,
0.43746358156204224,
0.432538777589798,
0.1252475082874298,
0.20504526793956757,
0.5929651260375977,
-0.3276395797729492,
-0.18379423022270203,
-0.993767499923706,
-0.5528537631034851,
-0.981772243976593,
1.1187312602996826,
0.01447716448456049,
0.5864169001579285,
0.1493559181690216,
0.05523025617003441,
0.23279714584350586,
0.004966943524777889,
0.0431460402905941,
-0.1378752887248993,
-0.5682356357574463,
0.45655956864356995,
-0.524824321269989,
-0.4925147294998169,
0.09917978197336197,
0.17982955276966095,
-0.28577637672424316,
0.23294374346733093,
0.5187023282051086,
0.27048182487487793,
-0.48146000504493713,
0.1769780069589615,
1.0612289905548096,
-0.9462280869483948,
-0.34292861819267273,
-0.30363166332244873,
-0.13713917136192322,
0.5325619578361511,
-0.7033047080039978,
0.41603362560272217,
0.33332934975624084,
0.21303902566432953,
-0.4280070662498474,
-0.09288566559553146,
0.6262467503547668,
0.5949539542198181,
0.22763806581497192,
-0.22681018710136414,
0.7646981477737427,
0.011407550424337387,
0.2236660122871399,
0.41863930225372314,
-0.14658844470977783,
-0.04762784391641617,
-0.18187250196933746,
-0.0945732444524765,
-0.33537453413009644,
0.7661024332046509,
-0.6494038701057434,
-0.09953200817108154,
0.13382074236869812,
-0.5424256324768066,
-0.18646100163459778,
0.3988288938999176,
0.7538394331932068,
0.08757305890321732,
-0.056033339351415634,
-0.19443657994270325,
-0.5230070948600769,
0.27684706449508667,
-0.0882934108376503,
-0.21319223940372467,
-0.1417212337255478,
0.045302629470825195,
0.2260308712720871,
-0.00728948786854744,
-0.03493744507431984,
-0.1207883432507515,
-0.19276010990142822,
-0.372294545173645,
-0.011755675077438354,
0.038232311606407166,
-0.20851367712020874,
0.48590144515037537,
-0.7531275153160095,
-0.46407467126846313,
-0.5745675563812256,
0.02673616074025631,
0.5370466113090515,
0.5794377326965332,
-0.2074134200811386,
-0.369276762008667,
0.5525610446929932,
0.3026016652584076,
0.3123317062854767,
-0.6804313063621521,
-0.7359806299209595,
-0.7806658148765564,
0.2505435049533844,
0.5113238096237183,
1.0455905199050903,
-0.45837101340293884,
-0.169995978474617,
-0.7961276769638062,
-0.14721821248531342,
0.9051252007484436,
-0.49064475297927856,
-0.419967383146286,
-0.5269446969032288,
0.030713515356183052,
0.04593072459101677,
-0.12725357711315155,
0.33550992608070374,
-0.6411520838737488,
-0.13111615180969238,
0.4580727517604828,
0.15618059039115906,
0.5662874579429626,
-0.6039508581161499,
-0.05451525002717972,
0.3886907994747162,
-0.2608044147491455,
0.0983484610915184,
-0.07368380576372147,
-0.3975886106491089,
0.06570380181074142,
-0.6260466575622559,
-4.903822422027588,
0.5798807144165039,
-0.254048228263855,
-0.6326063275337219,
0.33820241689682007,
-0.2417815923690796,
-0.07329114526510239,
-0.45773178339004517,
0.10048332065343857,
0.36515113711357117,
-0.32239577174186707,
-0.5232972502708435,
0.10819949954748154,
0.3219335377216339,
0.9395792484283447,
0.13928112387657166,
0.567245364189148,
-0.40109923481941223,
1.1034091711044312,
0.5232576131820679,
0.049748167395591736,
0.17096717655658722,
-0.23377424478530884,
-0.03037772700190544,
0.8499814867973328,
0.6866743564605713,
-0.011032131500542164,
-0.17685037851333618,
-0.6915380954742432,
0.0958511233329773,
0.1069817915558815,
0.1917053759098053,
-0.6607219576835632,
0.10665200650691986,
-0.24639326333999634,
-0.23183779418468475,
0.27556997537612915,
-0.20180366933345795,
1.0059802532196045,
-0.4888690114021301,
0.43682050704956055,
0.02892623096704483,
-0.19042378664016724,
-0.32679593563079834,
0.6860430836677551,
0.06662984937429428,
-0.41115593910217285,
-0.2802029550075531,
0.17123666405677795,
0.825775682926178,
0.2962203025817871,
0.1297493577003479,
0.7292596101760864,
0.06909501552581787,
0.20293892920017242,
-0.5361580848693848,
0.03548538312315941,
0.3413914740085602,
-0.07153567671775818,
0.7419493198394775,
0.5012878179550171,
-0.889176607131958,
0.09528680145740509,
-0.19636768102645874,
-0.17042489349842072,
-0.28384408354759216,
0.2541113793849945,
0.1370202749967575,
0.34463968873023987,
0.09985862672328949,
0.3018117845058441,
0.4575894773006439,
-0.5818624496459961,
-0.8096839189529419,
0.5750052332878113,
-0.8440992832183838,
-0.1556635946035385,
0.290018230676651,
-1.0193614959716797,
0.10538323223590851,
-0.12085973471403122,
-0.2547573149204254,
0.4770160913467407,
0.4937535226345062,
0.6574528813362122,
-0.3192111551761627,
-0.33335837721824646,
0.29923754930496216,
0.07882823050022125,
-1.1364614963531494,
0.9260107278823853,
-0.31316494941711426,
0.628330647945404,
-0.011516776867210865,
0.09645169973373413,
0.198746919631958,
0.9778228998184204,
0.008442201651632786,
-0.02567104808986187,
-0.3291032314300537,
0.3892478048801422,
-0.41623741388320923,
0.28366756439208984,
-0.02270464599132538,
-0.3365648090839386,
-0.8084196448326111,
-0.2697954773902893,
0.23782607913017273,
0.4946049749851227,
-0.7680602073669434,
-0.6178373098373413,
-0.3051472008228302,
-0.3485059440135956,
0.19061881303787231,
0.1963273286819458,
-0.10571672022342682,
-0.16173386573791504,
0.3685595691204071,
0.6738861799240112,
0.45202645659446716,
0.09622316062450409,
-0.6462301015853882,
-0.02468370459973812,
0.16464269161224365,
-0.03168752044439316,
-0.17521218955516815,
0.4828193485736847,
0.06172516942024231,
-0.6537179946899414,
0.24688024818897247,
-0.045388609170913696,
-0.1008443757891655,
-0.3803439140319824,
-0.17224062979221344,
-0.30601727962493896,
-0.16607600450515747,
-0.7151588201522827,
-0.6391299366950989,
0.43187272548675537,
0.42381051182746887,
0.5627115964889526,
0.30725958943367004,
-0.5685467720031738,
0.38224855065345764,
-0.3532649874687195,
0.7142795920372009,
0.21824008226394653,
-0.5595577359199524,
-0.8024458885192871,
0.4436437785625458,
-0.7362738251686096,
-0.22150111198425293,
-0.11620419472455978,
-0.5796027779579163,
0.5969617366790771,
0.0541958212852478,
-0.3441865146160126,
0.3217083215713501,
-0.01987624540925026,
-0.17011383175849915,
0.3042961061000824,
-0.2739908695220947,
-0.6282715201377869,
0.766933023929596,
-0.361462265253067,
-0.5033818483352661,
-0.4178290069103241,
-0.2760851979255676,
-0.5788577795028687,
0.700728714466095,
0.48646700382232666,
-0.3595276176929474,
0.45367202162742615,
0.0625719353556633,
0.38701874017715454,
-0.2962394058704376,
-0.09221326559782028,
-0.09947431087493896,
0.05983870103955269,
-0.19546374678611755,
-0.11412040144205093,
-0.35806047916412354,
-0.4833925664424896,
0.04316386952996254,
-0.145626038312912,
-0.372786283493042,
-0.0764366164803505,
-0.09192245453596115,
-0.1465093344449997,
0.16479875147342682,
-0.47903579473495483,
-0.6657028198242188,
0.03476150333881378,
-0.2806049883365631,
-0.3207327425479889,
-0.6173623204231262,
0.14996087551116943,
-0.5684117674827576,
-0.2916705012321472,
-0.7761061191558838,
0.16958296298980713,
0.48798173666000366,
-0.668674647808075,
0.2809070646762848,
-0.07188283652067184,
-0.934012770652771,
0.7412411570549011,
0.8003429174423218,
-1.4928568601608276,
0.41229909658432007,
-0.1360107660293579,
-0.9266911149024963,
0.8733460903167725,
0.685039758682251,
0.14592298865318298,
0.49432623386383057,
-0.06912703067064285,
0.33544525504112244,
-0.5442517995834351,
-0.27683115005493164,
-0.54503333568573,
-0.24903838336467743,
0.018288996070623398,
-0.5005117654800415,
-0.9889625906944275,
0.018144110217690468,
0.14251720905303955,
-0.25242847204208374,
1.1435270309448242,
-1.0100905895233154,
-0.2424633502960205,
0.3844066262245178,
-0.1348423957824707,
0.11787983030080795,
0.2798258066177368,
0.06579379737377167,
-0.4738503694534302,
-0.16779620945453644,
0.4250093996524811,
-0.12739093601703644,
0.516578197479248,
1.402191400527954,
-0.03220105171203613,
-0.27828118205070496,
-0.7978000044822693,
-0.23471534252166748,
0.34101274609565735,
-0.13921435177326202,
-0.9120286703109741,
0.8961057662963867,
0.6416245698928833,
-0.5699178576469421,
-0.19046615064144135,
-0.11480097472667694,
1.1845647096633911,
-0.5837294459342957,
-0.09518808871507645,
0.7145325541496277,
-0.3236992359161377,
0.3967722952365875,
0.10162555426359177,
-0.21837590634822845,
-0.010357635095715523,
0.2590031325817108,
0.5858049988746643,
-0.06264393031597137,
0.25575578212738037,
-0.5507103204727173,
0.3794984221458435,
-0.49016979336738586,
-0.2519597113132477,
-0.3464064598083496,
0.17893417179584503,
-0.265167236328125,
-0.4563268721103668,
-0.34281766414642334,
0.035281937569379807,
-0.831191897392273,
-0.11486987769603729,
0.21109320223331451,
-0.3293156027793884,
-0.1477520763874054,
0.4324739873409271,
-0.23463907837867737,
0.26324382424354553,
-0.8102847337722778,
-0.1733393520116806,
-0.06751355528831482,
-1.0612287521362305,
0.3883849084377289,
-0.30107414722442627,
0.18904666602611542,
0.20687814056873322,
-0.49166250228881836,
0.19749562442302704,
0.36218616366386414,
0.6148837804794312,
0.3973499536514282,
-0.3972536623477936,
0.1398341804742813,
-0.6864501237869263,
1.098106026649475,
-0.40082788467407227,
-0.49426576495170593,
0.12458784878253937,
-0.06518533825874329,
-0.6586452126502991,
-0.6198233962059021,
0.02695891074836254,
-0.1031249389052391,
-0.13533975183963776,
0.5582594871520996,
0.2904145419597626,
0.6167299747467041,
-0.6688770055770874,
0.09713505208492279,
0.22040508687496185,
-0.2187904715538025,
-0.27022549510002136,
0.4715298116207123,
-0.5174660682678223,
-0.1919027715921402,
0.8175656199455261,
0.9064703583717346,
-0.5903089642524719,
0.8434453010559082,
0.11010190844535828,
0.3750474750995636,
0.605146050453186,
0.6219094395637512,
-0.12397607415914536,
-1.1134170293807983,
-0.3231016993522644,
0.2233714610338211,
-0.6088572144508362,
-0.4374358057975769,
-0.08547106385231018,
-0.4695040285587311,
-0.527412474155426,
0.19275103509426117,
-0.15101535618305206,
-0.2094671130180359,
-0.13997915387153625,
0.3586987555027008,
0.19018414616584778,
-0.6235374808311462,
0.07914738357067108,
-0.05778827890753746,
-0.07590536028146744,
-0.3705390393733978,
-0.5787895321846008,
-0.2235059291124344,
-0.26956096291542053,
-0.6713311076164246,
-0.603524923324585,
0.09708558768033981,
0.03277444839477539,
-0.33771491050720215,
-0.6840869784355164,
0.45963719487190247,
-0.0578143335878849,
-1.1340159177780151,
0.542331337928772,
0.147091805934906,
-0.5351102352142334,
-0.6708093285560608,
0.5641195178031921,
-0.7261735200881958,
0.01879963092505932,
0.677751362323761,
-0.026486903429031372,
0.47817015647888184,
0.025640230625867844,
0.2397300899028778,
0.48047181963920593,
0.39503514766693115,
0.2695327699184418,
0.1314781904220581,
-0.1560021936893463,
0.3006529211997986,
-0.38918668031692505,
0.6498287916183472,
-0.21462459862232208,
-0.6639727354049683,
0.07605607062578201,
-0.3039463460445404,
0.026551488786935806,
0.29342222213745117,
0.1316262036561966,
-0.5787896513938904,
0.35880690813064575,
-0.09399843961000443,
0.05532403662800789,
-0.18008551001548767,
-0.039007093757390976,
-0.27150535583496094,
-0.09898623824119568,
0.3894849717617035,
0.8369780778884888,
0.19957494735717773,
0.48316076397895813,
0.24717046320438385,
0.5067942142486572,
0.0005396649357862771,
0.19807298481464386,
0.3272046446800232,
-0.25184500217437744,
0.43284153938293457,
-0.6607116460800171,
0.8009205460548401,
-0.06834117323160172,
0.6736791729927063,
0.012545203790068626,
0.5403178334236145,
-0.07485931366682053,
0.07334700226783752,
0.4799915850162506,
0.0820240005850792,
-0.3550923764705658,
-0.3956979811191559,
0.07838203758001328,
-0.8436352014541626,
0.5621538758277893,
0.6380303502082825,
0.12137451767921448,
0.005794676952064037,
-0.35646891593933105,
-0.2963683605194092,
-0.8838284015655518,
0.28339970111846924,
0.1080721840262413,
-0.6493831872940063,
0.05906441807746887,
-0.21433427929878235,
-0.1614772528409958,
-0.5514782071113586,
-0.42865100502967834,
0.6531183123588562,
0.4443652927875519,
-0.6856371760368347,
-0.11221151053905487,
-0.40211114287376404,
-0.10105615109205246,
0.2595876455307007,
0.5712682604789734,
0.4092924892902374,
-0.8903247117996216,
-1.2149453163146973,
-0.7974811792373657,
0.6867144107818604,
0.11116749048233032,
-0.4120582938194275,
0.24185584485530853,
-0.41684436798095703,
0.08987405896186829,
0.09771962463855743,
0.8151012659072876,
-0.30749258399009705,
0.814493715763092,
-0.27613621950149536
]
|
123443 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death%20squad | Death squad | A death squad is an armed group whose primary activity is carrying out extrajudicial killings or forced disappearances as part of political repression, genocide, ethnic cleansing, or revolutionary terror. Except in rare cases where they are formed by an insurgency, domestic or foreign governments actively participate in, support, or ignore the death squad's activities. Death squads are distinct from assassination due to their permanent organization and the larger number of victims (typically thousands or more) who may not be prominent individuals. Other violence, such as rape, torture, arson, or bombings may be carried out alongside murders. They may comprise a secret police force, paramilitary militia groups, government soldiers, policemen, or combinations thereof. They may also be organized as vigilantes. When death squads are not controlled by the state, they may consist of insurgent forces or organized crime, such as the ones used by cartels.
History
Although the term "death squad" did not rise to notoriety until the activities of such groups became widely known in Central and South America during the 1970s and 80s, death squads have been employed under different guises throughout history. The term was first used by the fascist Iron Guard in Romania. It officially installed Iron guard death squads in 1936 in order to kill political enemies. It was also used during the Battle of Algiers by Paul Aussaresses.
Cold War usage
In Latin America, death squads first appeared in Brazil where a group called Esquadrão da Morte (literally "Death Squad") emerged in the 1960s; they subsequently spread to Argentina and Chile in the 1970s, and they were later used in Central America during the 1980s. Argentina used extrajudicial killings as a way of crushing the liberal and communist opposition to the military junta during the 'Dirty War' of the 1970s. For example, Alianza Anticomunista Argentina was a far-right death squad mainly active during the "Dirty War". The Chilean military regime of 1973–1990 also committed such killings. See Operation Condor for examples.
During the Salvadoran civil war, death squads achieved notoriety on 24 March 1980, when a sniper assassinated Archbishop Óscar Romero as he said Mass inside a convent chapel. In December 1980, three American nuns, Ita Ford, Dorothy Kazel, and Maura Clarke, and a lay worker, Jean Donovan, were gang raped and murdered by a military unit later found to have been acting on specific orders. Death squads were instrumental in killing hundreds of real and suspected Communists. Priests who were spreading liberation theology, such as Father Rutilio Grande, were often targeted as well. The murderers were found to have been soldiers of the Salvadoran military, which was receiving U.S. funding and military advisors during the Carter administration. These events prompted outrage in the U.S. and led to a temporary cutoff in military aid at the end of his presidency. Death Squad activity stretched well into the Reagan years (1981–1989) as well.
Honduras also had death squads active through the 1980s, the most notorious of which was the army unit Battalion 316. Hundreds of people, teachers, politicians, and union leaders were assassinated by government-backed forces. Battalion 316 received substantial training from the United States Central Intelligence Agency.
In Southeast Asia, extrajudicial killings were conducted by both sides during the Vietnam War.
After being caught dumping the bodies of his victims during the Tet Offensive in Saigon, Nguyễn Văn Lém, the commander of a Viet Cong unit tasked with murdering South Vietnamese police officers and their families, was extrajudicially executed on camera by Police General Nguyễn Ngọc Loan on 1 February 1968.
Recent use
, death squads have continued to be active in several locations, including Chechnya, Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, Nigeria, Colombia, Iraq, Yemen, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, South Sudan, Syria, Somalia, Kenya, Tanzania, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and the Philippines, among others.
By continent
Africa
Ivory Coast
Death squads are reportedly active in this country.
This has been condemned by the US but appears to be difficult to stop. Moreover, there is no proof as to whom is behind the killings.
In an interview with the Pan-African magazine "Jeune Afrique", Laurent Gbagbo accused one of the opposition leaders, Alassane Ouattara (ADO), to be the main organizer of the media frenzy around his wife's involvement in the killing squads. He also successfully sued and won, in French courts, in cases against the French newspapers that made the accusations.
Kenya
In December 2014, Kenyan Anti-Terrorism Police Unit officers confessed to Al-Jazeera that they were responsible for almost 500 of the extrajudicial killings. The murders reportedly totalled several hundred homicides every year. They included the assassination of Abubaker Shariff Ahmed "Makaburi", an Al-Shabaab associate from Kenya, who was among 21 Muslim radicals allegedly murdered by the Kenyan police since 2012. According to the agents, they resorted to the killing after the Kenyan police could not successfully prosecute terror suspects. In doing so, the officers indicated that they were acting on the direct orders of Kenya's National Security Council, which consisted of the Kenyan President, Deputy President, Chief of the Defence Forces, Inspector General of Police, National Security Intelligence Service Director, Cabinet Secretary of Interior, and Principal Secretary of Interior. Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta and the National Security Council of Kenya members denied operating an extrajudicial assassination program. Additionally, the officers suggested that Western security agencies provided intelligence for the program, including the whereabouts and activities of government targets. They asserted that Britain supplied further logistics in the form of equipment and training. One Kenyan officer within the council's General Service Unit also indicated that Israeli instructors taught them how to kill. The head of the International Bar Association, Mark Ellis, cautioned that any such involvement by foreign nations would constitute a breach of international law. The United Kingdom and Israel denied participation in the Kenyan National Security Council's reported death squads, with the UK Foreign Office indicating that it had approached the Kenyan authorities over the charges.
South Africa
Beginning in the 1960s, the African National Congress (ANC) and its ally, the South African Communist Party (SACP), and the Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC), began a campaign to topple South Africa's National Party (NP)-controlled Apartheid Government. Both the ANC's armed wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe (MK), and South African security forces routinely engaged in bombings and targeted killings, both at home and abroad. Particularly notorious apartheid death squads were the Civil Cooperation Bureau (CCB) and the South African Police's counter-insurgency unit C10, commanded by Colonel Eugene de Kock and based at the Vlakplaas farm west of Pretoria, itself also a center for torture of prisoners.
After the end of Apartheid, death squad violence conducted by both the National Party and the ANC was investigated by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
Uganda
From 1971 to 1979, Ugandan dictator Idi Amin set up death squads to murder enemies of the state.
North America
Dominican Republic
Rafael Trujillo's Dominican government employed a death squad, known as la 42 and led by Miguel Angel Paulino, that tooled around in a stylish red Packard called the Carro de la Muerte (Death Car). During the 12-year regime of Joaquín Balaguer, the Frente Democrático Anticomunista y Antiterrorista, most known as la Banda Colorá, continued the practices of la 42. He was also known for having the SIM to kill Haitians in the Parsley massacre.
Haiti
The Tonton Macoute was a paramilitary force created in 1959 by Haitian dictator François "Papa Doc" Duvalier that murdered 30,000 to 60,000 Haitians.
Mexico
In a way similar to the American Indian Wars, the early Mexican nation struggled against Apache raids. Between 1835 and 1837, only 15 years after the Mexican independence and in the midst of the Texan Revolution, the local governments of the Mexican states of Sonora and Chihuahua (that border with the U.S. states of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona ) put a bounty on the Apache bands that were in the area. In the case of Chihuahua the bounty attracted "bounty hunters" from the United States, that were often Anglo Americans, runaway slaves and even from other Indian tribes, it was paid based on Apache scalps, 100 pesos per warrior, 50 pesos per woman, and 25 pesos per child. As historian Donald E. Worcester wrote: "The new policy attracted a diverse group of men, including Anglos, runaway slaves led by Seminole John Horse, and Indians — Kirker used Delawares and Shawnees; others, such as Terrazas, used Tarahumaras; and Seminole Chief Coacoochee led a band of his own people who had fled from Indian Territory.". During Benito Juarez regime and his comeback as president, he used a death squad to kill Maximilian I of Mexico, Tomás Mejía, and Miguel Miramón for treason and reforms Maximilian made and for his support to French emperor Napoleon III. One of the soldiers on the death squad named Aureliano Blanquet would then later sentence to death by death squad Francisco I. Madero 45 years later in 1912. Francisco was then later executed a few months later in 1913.
After the Mexican Revolution
For more than seven decades following the Mexican Revolution, the Mexican State was a one-party state ruled by the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI). During this era, death squad tactics were routinely used against suspected enemies of the state.
During the 1920s and 1930s, the PRI's founder, President Plutarco Elías Calles, used death squads against Mexico's Roman Catholic majority. Calles explained his reasons in a private telegram to the Mexican Ambassador to the French Third Republic, Alberto J. Pani. "...Catholic Church in Mexico is a political movement, and must be eliminated ... free of religious hypnotism which fools the people... within one year without the sacraments, the people will forget the faith..."
Calles and his adherents used the Mexican Army and police, as well as paramilitary forces like the Red Shirts, to abduct, torture, and execute priests, nuns, and actively religious laity. Mexican Catholics were also routinely hanged from telegraph poles along the railroad lines. Prominent victims of the Mexican State's campaign against Catholicism include the teenager Jose Sanchez del Rio, the Jesuit priest Father Miguel Pro, and the Christian Pacifist Anacleto González Flores. (see also Saints of the Cristero War).
In response, an armed revolt against the Mexican State, the Cristero War, began in 1927. Composed largely of peasant volunteers and commanded by retired General Enrique Gorostieta Velarde, the Cristeros were also responsible for atrocities. Among them were the assassination of former Mexican President Álvaro Obregón, train robberies, and violent attacks against rural teachers. The uprising largely ended after the Holy See and the Mexican State negotiated a compromise agreement. Refusing to lay down his arms despite offers of amnesty, General Gorostieta was killed in action by the Mexican Army in Jalisco on 2 June 1929. Following the cessation of hostilities, more than 5,000 Cristeros were summarily executed by Mexican security forces. The events of the Cristero War are depicted in the 2012 film For Greater Glory.
During the Cold War
During the 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, death squads continued to be used against anti-PRI activists, both Marxists and social conservatives. One example of this is the 1968 Tlatelolco massacre, in which an anti-regime protest rally was attacked by security forces in Mexico City. After this event, paramilitary groups like "Los Halcones" (The Hawks) and the "Brigada blanca" (White brigade) were used to attack, hunt and exterminate political dissidents.
Allegations have been made by both journalists and American law enforcement of collusion between senior PRI statesmen and the Mexican drug cartels. It has even been alleged that, under PRI rule, no drug traffickers were ever successful without the permission of the Mexican State. If the same drug trafficker fell from favor, however, Mexican law enforcement would be ordered to move against their operation, as happened to Pablo Acosta Villarreal in 1987. Drug lords like Ernesto Fonseca Carrillo, Rafael Caro Quintero, and Juan José Esparragoza Moreno would use the DFS as a death squad to kill DEA agents and PJF commanders who investigated or destroyed drug plantations in the 1970s and 1980s in Mexico. One example was the killing of Kiki Camarena who was killed in Guadalajara for his part in the Rancho Bufalo raid. The DFS also organized death squads to kill journalists including Manuel Buendía who was killed by orders of DFS chief José-Antonio Zorrilla.
Regime change and "Drug war tactics"
By the early 1990s, the PRI started to lose the grip on its absolute political power, however, its corruption became so pervasive that Juarez Cartel boss Amado Carrillo Fuentes was even able to purchase a window in Mexico's air defense system. During this period, his airplanes were permitted to smuggle narcotics into the United States without the interference of the Mexican Air Force. As a result, Carillo Fuentes became known as "The Lord of the Skies." During the 1990s drug cartels were on the rise in Mexico and groups like the Gulf Cartel would form death squads like Los Zetas to suppress, control, and uproot rival cartel factions.
The PRI also used death squad tactics against the Zapatista guerilla movement. In 1997, forty-five people were killed by a Mexican security forces in Chenalho, Chiapas.
In 2000, however, during an internal power struggle between former President Salinas and President Zedillo, the PRI was peacefully voted out from power, until 2013 when they partially regained their influence and power, only to lose again in 2018.
It is also alleged that, during the time they first lost the presidency, some of the most powerful PRI members were supporting and protecting drug cartels that they used as death squads against their criminal and political rivals, being this one of the real reasons the PAN party government accepted to start the Mexican drug war against the Cartels. However, it is also alleged that during this period of time the turmoil of war has been used by the parties in power to exterminate even more political dissidents, activists and their own rivals. An example of this is the case of the 2014 forced disappearance and assassination of 43 activist rural students from the Ayotzinapa Teachers' College, in the hands of police officers colluded with the "Guerreros Unidos" drug cartel. Six years later in 2020, it was confirmed that members from the Mexican Army base in town had worked with police and gang members to kidnap the students. The Sinaloa Cartel has been known for having enforcer death squads like Gente Nueva, Los Ántrax, and enforcers forming their own death squads. From 2009 to 2012,the Jalisco New Generation Cartel under the name Los Matazetas did massacres in the states of Veracruz and Tamaulipas with their intention to remove the rival Los Zetas Cartel. One example was the Boca del Rio massacre in 2011, were 35 corpses were found under a bridge in trucks covered with paper bags. Gente Nueva was accused of collaborating with the organization.
United States
During the California Gold Rush, the state government between 1850 and 1859 financed and organized militia units to hunt down and kill Native Americans in the state. Between 1850 and 1852 the state appropriated almost one million dollars for the activities of these militias, and between 1854 and 1859 the state appropriated another $500,000, almost half of which was reimbursed by the federal government. By one estimate, at least 4,500 Californian Indians were killed between 1849 and 1870. Contemporary historian Benjamin Madley has documented the numbers of Californian Indians killed between 1846 and 1873; he estimates that during this period at least 9,492 Californian Indians were killed by non-Indians. Most of the deaths took place in what he defined as more than 370 massacres (defined as the "intentional killing of five or more disarmed combatants or largely unarmed noncombatants, including women, children, and prisoners, whether in the context of a battle or otherwise"). Some scholars contend that the state financing of these militias, as well as the US government's role in other massacres in California, such as the Bloody Island and Yontoket Massacres, in which up to 400 or more natives were killed in each massacre, constitutes acts of genocide against the native people of California.
Beginning in the 1850s, pro-slavery Bushwhackers and anti-slavery Jayhawkers waged war against each other in the Kansas Territory. Due to the horrific atrocities committed by both sides against civilians, the territory was dubbed "Bleeding Kansas". After the American Civil War began, the fraternal bloodshed increased.
The most infamous atrocity which was committed in Kansas during the American Civil War was the Lawrence Massacre. A large force group of Bushwhackers who were led by William Clarke Quantrill and Bloody Bill Anderson attacked and burned down the pro-Union town of Lawrence, Kansas in retaliation for the Jayhawkers' earlier destruction of Osceola, Missouri. The Bushwhackers shot down nearly 150 unarmed men and boys.
During Reconstruction, embittered Confederate veterans supported the Ku Klux Klan and similar vigilante organizations throughout the American South. The Klan and its counterparts terrorized and lynched African-Americans, northern carpetbaggers, and Southern "scalawags". This was often done with the unofficial support of the Democratic Party leadership. Historian Bruce B. Campbell has called the KKK, "one of the first proto-death squads". Campbell alleges that the difference between it and modern-day death-squads is the fact that the Ku Klux Klan was composed of members of a defeated regime rather than members of the ruling government. "Otherwise, in its murderous intent, its links to private elite interests, and its covert nature, it very closely resembles modern-day death squads."
President Ulysses S Grant pushed the 'Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871' legislation through Congress and called on the Army to help federal officials the arrest and break up of the Klan. 600 Klansmen were convicted and 65 men were sent to prison for as long as five years.
Human Rights Watch asserted in a 2019 report that the CIA was backing death squads in Afghanistan. The report alleges that CIA-supported Afghan forces committed "summary executions and other grave abuses without accountability" over the course of more than a dozen night raids that took place between 2017 and 2019. The death squads allegedly committed "extrajudicial killings of civilians, forced disappearances of detainees, and attacks on healthcare facilities that treat insurgents," according to Vice's reporting on the contents of the Human Rights Watch report. According to the same article, "The forces are recruited, equipped, trained, and deployed under the auspices of the CIA to target insurgents from the Taliban, Al Qaeda, and ISIS." The article also states these Afghan forces have the ability to call in US airstrikes, which have resulted in the deaths of civilians, including children, and have occurred in civilian areas, including at weddings, parks, and schools.
In June 2020, Los Angeles County Deputy Sheriff Austreberto "Art" Gonzalez filed a claim against the county, claiming that approximately twenty percent of the deputies operating in the county's Compton Station belonged to a secret death squad. Gonzales alleges that the group, named "The Executioners", carried out multiple extrajudicial killings over the years and that members followed initiation rituals, including being tattooed with skulls and Nazi imagery.
Central America
El Salvador
During the Salvadoran civil war, death squads (known in Spanish by the name of Escuadrón de la Muerte, "Squadron of Death") achieved notoriety when a sniper assassinated Archbishop Óscar Romero while he was performing Mass in March 1980. In December 1980, three American nuns and a lay worker were gangraped and murdered by a military unit later found to have been acting on specific orders. Death squads were instrumental in killing thousands of peasants and activists. Funding for the squads came primarily from right-wing Salvadoran businessmen and landowners. Because the death squads involved were found to have been soldiers of the Salvadoran military security forces, which were receiving U.S. arms, funding, training and advice during the Carter, Reagan and George H. W. Bush administrations, these events prompted some outrage in the U.S. Human rights activists criticized U.S. administrations for denying Salvadoran government links to the death squads. Veteran Human Rights Watch researcher Cynthia J. Arnson writes that "particularly during the years 1980–1983 when the killing was at its height (numbers of killings could reach as far as 35,000), assigning responsibility for the violence and human rights abuses was a product of the intense ideological polarization in the United States. The Reagan administration downplayed the scale of abuse as well as the involvement of state actors. Because of the level of denial, as well as the extent of U.S. involvement with the Salvadoran military and security forces, the U.S. role in El Salvador- what was known about death squads, when it was known, and what actions the United States did or did not take to curb their abuses- became an important part of El Salvador's death squad story." Some death squads, such as Sombra Negra, are still operating in El Salvador.
The Salvadoran Army's U.S.-trained Atlacatl Battalion was responsible for the El Mozote massacre where more than 800 civilians were murdered, over half of them children, the El Calabozo massacre, and the murders of six Jesuits in 1989.
Honduras
Honduras had death squads active through the 1980s, the most notorious of which was Battalion 3–16. Hundreds of people, teachers, politicians, and union bosses were assassinated by government-backed forces. Battalion 316 received substantial support and training from the United States Central Intelligence Agency. At least 19 members were School of the Americas graduates. Seven members, including Billy Joya, later played important roles in the administration of President Manuel Zelaya as of mid-2006. Following the 2009 coup d'état, former Battalion 3–16 member Nelson Willy Mejía Mejía became Director-General of Immigration and Billy Joya was de facto President Roberto Micheletti's security advisor. Another former Battalion 3–16 member, Napoleón Nassar Herrera, was high Commissioner of Police for the north-west region under Zelaya and under Micheletti, and also became a Secretary of Security spokesperson "for dialogue" under Micheletti. Zelaya claimed that Joya had reactivated the death squad, with dozens of government opponents having been murdered since the ascent of the Michiletti and Lobo governments.
Guatemala
Throughout the Guatemalan Civil War, both military and "civilian" governments utilized death squads as a counterinsurgency strategy. The use of "death squads" as a government tactic became particularly widespread after 1966. Throughout 1966 and the first three months of 1967, within the framework of what military commentators referred to as "el-contra terror", government forces killed an estimated 8,000 civilians accused of "subversive" activity. This marked a turning point in the history of the Guatemalan security apparatus, and brought about a new era in which mass murder of both real and suspected subversives by government "death squads" became a common occurrence in the country. A noted Guatemalan sociologist estimated the number of government killings between 1966 and 1974 at approximately 5,250 a year (for a total death toll of approximately 42,000 during the presidencies of Julio César Méndez Montenegro and Carlos Arana Osorio). Killings by both official and unofficial security forces would climax in the late 1970s and early 1980s under the presidencies of Fernando Romeo Lucas García and Efraín Ríos Montt, with over 18,000 documented killings in 1982 alone.
Greg Grandin claims that "Washington, of course, publicly denied its support for paramilitarism, but the practice of political disappearances took a great leap forward in Guatemala in 1966 with the birth of a death squad created, and directly supervised, by U.S. security advisors." An upsurge in rebel activity in Guatemala convinced the US to provide increased counterinsurgency assistance to Guatemala's security apparatus in the mid to late 1960s. Documents released in 1999 details how United States military and police advisers had encouraged and assisted Guatemalan military officials in the use of repressive techniques, including helping establish a "safe house" from within the presidential palace as a location to coordinate counter insurgency activities. In 1981, it was reported by Amnesty International that this same "safe house" was in use by Guatemalan security officials to coordinate counterinsurgency activities involving the use of the "death squads."
According to a victim's brother, Mirtala Linares "He wouldn't tell us anything; he claimed they hadn't captured [Sergio], that he knew nothing of his whereabouts – and that maybe my brother had gone as an illegal alien to the United States! That was how he answered us."
Nicaragua
Throughout the Ortega government, starting in 2006, but escalating with the 2018–2020 Nicaraguan protests, Sandinista government has employed death squads also known as "Turbas" or militia groups armed and aided by the National Police to attack pro-democracy protesters. The government's crackdown of lethal force was condemned by the international community, the Organization of American States, Human Rights Watch, and the local and international Catholic Church.
South America
Argentina
Amnesty International reports that "the security forces in Argentina first started using "death squads" in late 1973. One example was Alianza Anticomunista Argentina, a far-right death squad mainly active during the "Dirty War". By the time military rule ended in 1983 some 1,500 people had been killed directly by "death squads", and over 9,000 named people and many more undocumented victims had been "disappeared"—kidnapped and murdered secretly—according to the officially appointed National Commission on Disappeared People (CONADEP).
Brazil
The Esquadrão da Morte ("Death Squad" in Portuguese) was a paramilitary organization that emerged in the late 1960s in the context of the Brazilian Military Dictatorship. It was the first group to have received the name "Death Squad" in Latin America, but its actions resembled traditional vigilantism as most executions were not exclusively politically related. The greater share of the political executions during the 21 years of Military Dictatorship (1964–1985) were carried out by the Brazilian Armed Forces itself. The purpose of the original "Death Squad" was, with the consent of the military government, to persecute, torture and kill suspected criminals (marginais) regarded as dangerous to society. It began in the former State of Guanabara led by Detective Mariel Mariscot, one of the "Twelve Golden Men of Rio de Janeiro's Police", and from there it spread throughout Brazil in the 1970s. In general, its members were politicians, members of the judiciary, and police officials. As a rule, these groups were financed by members of the business community.
In the 1970s and 1980s, several other organizations were modeled after the 1960s Esquadrão da Morte. The most famous such organization is Scuderie Detetive Le Cocq (English: Shield of Detective Le Cocq), named after deceased Detective Milton Le Cocq. The group was particularly active in the Brazilian Southeastern States of Guanabara and Rio de Janeiro, and remains active in the state of Espírito Santo. In the State of São Paulo, Death Squads and individual gunmen called justiceiros were pervasive and executions almost were exclusively the work of off-duty policemen. In 1983, a police officer nicknamed "Cabo Bruno" was convicted of murdering more than 50 victims.
The "Death Squads" active under the rule of the military dictatorship continue as a cultural legacy of the Brazilian police. In the 2000s, police officers remain linked with death squad-type executions. In 2003, roughly 2,000 extrajudicial murders occurred in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, with Amnesty International claiming the numbers are likely far higher. Brazilian politician Flávio Bolsonaro, the son of Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, was accused of having ties to death squads.
Chile
One of the most notorious murder gangs operated by the Chilean Army was the Caravan of Death, whose members travelled by helicopter throughout Chile between 30 September and 22 October 1973. During this foray, members of the squad ordered or personally carried out the execution of at least 75 individuals held in Army custody in these garrisons. According to the NGO Memoria y Justicia, the squad killed 26 in the South and 71 in the North, making a total of 97 victims. Augusto Pinochet was indicted in December 2002 in this case, but he died four years later without having been convicted. The trial, however, is on-going , other militaries and a former military chaplain having been indicted in this case.
On 28 November 2006, Víctor Montiglio, charged of this case, ordered Pinochet's house arrest According to the Chilean Government's own Truth and Reconciliation (Rettig) report, 2,279 people were killed in the operations of Pinochet's regime. In June 1999, judge Juan Guzmán Tapia ordered the arrest of five retired generals.
Colombia
The United States supported death squads in Colombia, El Salvador and Guatemala during the 1980s. In 1993, Amnesty International reported that clandestine military units began covertly operating as death squads in 1978. According to the report, throughout the 1980s political killings rose to a peak of 3,500 in 1988, averaging some 1,500 victims per year since then, and "over 1,500 civilians are also believed to have "disappeared" since 1978." The AUC, formed in 1997, was the most prominent paramilitary group.
According to a 2014 report published by Human Rights Watch (HRW) on Buenaventura, a port town in Colombia, "entire neighborhoods were dominated by powerful paramilitary successor groups" HRW reports that the groups "restrict residents' movements, recruit their children, extort businesses, and routinely engage in horrific acts of violence against anyone who defies their will." It is reported that scores of people have been "disappeared" from the town over the years. Bodies are dismembered before they are disposed of and residents have reported the existence of casas de pique, "chop-up houses" where people are slaughtered. Many residents have fled and are considered to have been "forcibly displaced": 22,028 residents fled in 2011, 15,191 in 2012, and 13,468 between January and October 2013.
In Colombia, the terms "death squads", "paramilitaries" or "self-defense groups" have been used interchangeably and otherwise, referring to either a single phenomenon, also known as paramilitarism, or to different but related aspects of the same. There are reports that Los Pepes, the death squad led by brothers Fidel and Carlos Castaño, had ties to some members of the Colombian National Police, especially the Search Bloc (Bloque de Búsqueda) unit.
A report from the country's public prosecutors office at the end of 2009 reported the number of 28,000 disappeared by paramilitary and guerrilla groups. only 300 corpses were identified and 600 in 2009. According to the prosecutor's office, it will take many more years before all the bodies recovered can be identified.
At least 40% of the national legislature are said to have ties to paramilitary groups. In August 2018, prosecutors in Colombia charged 13 Chiquita brands with supporting the right wing death squad that killed hundreds in the Urabá Antioquia region between 1996 and 2004. Salvatore Mancuso, a jailed paramilitary leader, has accused Del Monte, Dole and Chiquita of funding right wing death squads. Chiquita was fined $25 million after admitting they had paid $1.7 million to paramilitaries over six years; the reason for the payments remains a matter of dispute, with Chiquita claiming the money was routine extortion money paid to paramilitary groups to protect workers. Activists, on the other hand, insist that a portion of the money paid by Chiquita was used to finance political assassinations.
Peru
Peruvian government death squads carried out massacres against radicals and civilians in their fight against Shining Path and Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement.
Venezuela
In its 2002 and 2003 world reports, Human Rights Watch reported the existence of death squads in several Venezuelan states, involving members of the local police, the DISIP and the National Guard. These groups were responsible for the extrajudicial killings of civilians and wanted or alleged criminals, including street criminals, looters and drug users.
In 2019, amid the Crisis in Bolivarian Venezuela, the government of Nicolás Maduro was accused by a UN human rights report of using death squads to conduct thousands of extrajudicial executions. The report relayed a multitude of eyewitness accounts, describing the government's Special Action Forces (FAES) frequently arriving at homes in unmarked vehicles, executing male suspects on the spot, then planting drugs or weapons on the corpse to make it appear the victim died resisting arrest. According to the report, the executions were part of a campaign aimed at "neutralizing, repressing and criminalizing political opponents and people critical of the government". The Maduro government condemned the report as "openly biased".
Asia
Bangladesh
In contemporary times, the Bangladeshi "Rapid Action Battalion" has been criticized by rights groups for its use of extrajudicial killings. In addition, there have been many reports of torture in connection with the battalion's activities. Several battalion members have been accused of murder and obstruction of justice during the Narayanganj Seven murder. They've been known to kill civilian suspects for the explicit purpose of avoiding trials. They have also been accused of carrying out a campaign of forced disappearances.
Cambodia
The Khmer Rouge began employing death squads to purge Cambodia of non-communists after taking over the country in 1975. They rounded up their victims, questioned them and then took them out to killing fields.
India
The secret killings of Assam (1998–2001) was probably the darkest chapter in Assam's political history when relatives, friends, sympathisers of ULFA insurgents were systematically killed by unknown assailants. These extrajudicial murders happened in Assam between 1998 and 2001. These extrajudicial killings were conducted by the state government using SULFA members and the security forces in the name of counter-insurgency operations. The victims of these killings were relatives, friends and colleagues of ULFA militants. The most apparent justification for the whole exercise was that it was a tit-for-tat response to the ULFA-sponsored terrorism, specially the killings of their old comrades—the SULFAs.
Indonesia
In 1965–1966, with the backing of the United States government and its Western allies, the Indonesian military and right-wing paramilitary death squads massacred hundreds of thousands of leftists and those believed tied to the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) after a failed coup attempt which was blamed on the Communists. At least 400,000 to 500,000 people, perhaps as many as 3 million, were killed over a period of several months, with thousands more being interred in prisons and concentration camps under extremely inhumane conditions. The violence culminated in the fall of President Sukarno and the commencement of Suharto's thirty-year authoritarian reign.
Philippines
There are certain vigilante death squads that are active in the Philippines, especially in Davao City where local death squads roam around the city to hunt criminals.
After winning the Presidency in June 2016, Rodrigo Duterte had urged, "If you know of any addicts, go ahead and kill them yourself as getting their parents to do it would be too painful." By March 2017, the death toll for the Philippine Drug War passed 8,000 people.
South Korea
News reports on the use of death squads in Korea originated around the middle of the 20th century such as the Jeju Massacre and Daejeon. There were also the multiple deaths that made the news in 1980 in Gwangju.
Thailand
During the Cold War, in the short period of democracy in Thailand (1973–1976), three right-wing paramilitary groups, Nawaphon, Red Gaurs, and Village Scouts were founded and supported by Internal Security Operations Command and Border Patrol Police to promote national unity, loyalty to Thai royal family, and anti-communism. They were also heavily funded and backed by the United States government, and were under the patronage of the royal family themselves. Among their ranks were former soldiers, veterans of the Vietnam War, former mercenaries in Laos, and violent vocational students.
These groups were first employed to counter protests of the pro-democracy and left-wing students movement, attacking them with firearms and grenades. When the ideological conflict escalated, they started assassinating labor and peasants union officials and progressive politicians, the most famous was Dr. Boonsanong Punyodyana, the general secretary of the Socialist Party of Thailand. The conflict reached its peak with the Thammasat University massacre in 1976, which the Royal Thai Armed Forces and Royal Thai Police, supported by the three aforementioned paramilitary groups, stormed the university and shot mostly unarmed student protesters indiscriminately, resulting in at least 46 deaths. A military coup was staged later in the same day. During the military rule, the paramilitary groups' popularity diminished.
In contemporary Thailand, many extrajudicial killings occurred during the 2003 anti-drug effort of Thailand's prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra were attributed to government-sponsored death squads. Rumors still persist that there is collusion between the government, rogue military officers and radical right wing/anti-drugs death squads,
siamexpats.com
Thailand: "The Corrupt Media Mogul v. The Crusading Journalist"
Commit
Death Squad links. Drug war and more. Worldwide. Mostly U.S.-run or U.S.-aided terrorism. Millions killed over decades. Torture on an industrial scale. "Dirty wars," murder, corruption, destabilization, disinformation, subversion of democracy, etc.. Above
Thailand's anti-drug death squads | Cannabis Culture Magazine
Marihemp Network Gallery :: Thailand. 2500 extrajudicial drug-war killings of innocent people.
Thailand War on Drugs Turns Murderous, 600 Killed This Month -- Human Rights Groups Denounce Death Squads, Executions
Southeast Asia: Probe into Thai Drug War Killings Getting Underway | StoptheDrugWar.org
with both Muslim and Buddhist sectarian death squads still operating in the South of the country.
Ottoman Empire
During the Armenian genocide, the Special Organization functioned as a death squad.
Australia
Australia has a long history of the use of death squads dating back to the earliest days of European colonisation.
In December 1790 Governor Arthur Phillip ordered that "A party, consisting of two captains, two subalterns, and forty privates, with a proper number of non-commissioned officers from the garrison, with three days provisions, etc. are to be ready to march to-morrow morning at day-light, in order to bring in six of those natives who reside near the head of Botany Bay; or, if that should be found impracticable, to put that number to death." and "That we were to cut off and bring in the heads of the slain; for which purpose hatchets and bags would be furnished." Originally Phillip had settled on a dozen as an appropriate number. Tench wrote that "we were, if practicable, to bring away two natives as prisoners; and to put to death ten." Phillip's purpose for this mission, as described by Tench, was "to strike a decisive blow, in order, at once to convince them of our superiority and to infuse an universal terror..."
In May 1795, Governor Peterson ordered a "party of corps to be sent from Parramatta, with instructions to destroy as many as they could meet with of the wood tribe ('Be-dia-gal'); and, in hope of striking terror, to erect gibbets in different places, whereupon the bodies of all they might kill were to be hung." Seven or eight Indigenous people were thought to have been killed, although no bodies were hung on gibbets, and several captives were taken including "one man, (apparently a cripple) five women and some children." One woman and her baby had both been shot though not killed. The child subsequently died. Another pregnant woman delivered her baby son who also died. Gapps writes "The fact that women and children were shot and captured certainly suggests the action was an indiscriminate surprise assault on a campsite at night, with all the hallmarks of a massacre."
In December 1795 Collins recorded that another 'armed party' was sent out. "They promptly killed four men and one woman, badly wounded a child, and took four men prisoners." Gapps writes "Once more, the shooting of women and children suggests a surprise attack on a camp, ending in a massacre."
In early 1796 Governor Hunter gave settlers in the outlying City of HawkesburyHawkesbury settlement militia status. At this point the Hawkesbury was effectively beyond the reach of the New South Wales Corps who had limited manpower. Hunter was at pains to state that settlers were "not to wantonly fire at, or take the lives of natives, as such act would be considered a deliberate murder." Settlers who withdrew or kept back their assistance to the militia were to be "proceeded against as persons disobeying the rules and orders of the settlement."
In 1799 Lieutenant Thomas Hobby of the New South Wales Corps led a party of soldiers and settler against Aboriginal people in the Hawkesbury area on the understanding that his orders were to destroy Aboriginal people "wherever they were met with", with the exception of "native children who were domesticated among the settlers." Non 'domesticated' Aboriginal children were fair game.
In May 1801 Governor King went further issuing 'shoot on sight' orders. declaring that anyone in three districts around Sydney could fire at any "bodies of natives".
In Tasmania death squads took a number of forms. Private individuals, convicts and settlers formed vigilante squads. In 1827 Near Hadspen on the property of Thomas Beams, Aboriginal people surrounded his hut. In response to his firing at the Aboriginal people Beams' neighbours arrived on foot and horseback. A "war party" was organised and a search conducted. At 10 o'clock at night the glow of a fire was seen and the war party surrounded the Aboriginal encampment. At 3 am fourteen muskets opened fire, the camp was rushed and eleven Aboriginal people were killed. Only one escaped.
'Roving parties' were authorised by Governor Arthur. These parties were either military patrols made up of soldiers and convict police or civilian parties made up of convicts and led by men who provided their services in return for promises of grants of land. While they were mostly ineffective, or indeed counterproductive, they did kill Aboriginal people. In one such instance in 1829, a roving party led by John Batman, using Aboriginal trackers brought from the Sydney colony, came across a large Aboriginal camp of men, women and children at night. Their approach was disturbed by the camp dogs whereupon they opened fire and rushed the camp. They captured a woman and a child but the rest fled into the darkness. The next morning Batman's party found two badly wounded men and many blood trails. The wounded men informed them that ten others had been seriously wounded and were dead or dying and that two women had also been severely wounded and had crawled away. The wounded Aboriginal men were subsequently executed by Batman.
Military units carried out attacks upon sleeping Aboriginal groups. On 6 December 1828 elements of the 40th Regiment together with two constables, Danvers and Holmes, surrounded a group of Aboriginal people during the night at Tooms Lake. In a dawn attack they killed a number of Aboriginal people variously described as 'several' or ten or sixteen. The bodies were then placed in a pile and burned.
In the north-west of Tasmania a private corporation, the Van Diemen's Land Company, modelled on the British East India Company, what Adam Smith described as a "government of an exclusive company of merchants,... perhaps, the worst of all governments for any country whatever." became a law unto itself. The company's Chief Agent, Edward Curr, was also appointed the government magistrate, making him the sole arbiter of law for 200 kilometers in any direction. Curr described his belief that "a war of extermination" was underway, and later wrote that "My whole object was to kill them, and this because my full conviction was and is that the laws of nature and God and this country all conspired to render this my duty..."
In 1828, Curr sent four shepherds along with the captain of the cutter Fanny and its crew to carry out a massacre in response to the spearing of some sheep. A resident of Curr's homestead, Rosalie Hare, described in her journal "...while we remained at Circular Head there were several accounts of considerable amounts of Natives having been shot by them (the Company's men), they wishing to extirpate them entirely, if possible. The master of the Company's cutter Fanny, assisted by four shepherds and his crew, surprised a party and killed 12" This was quickly followed by the Cape Grim Massacre where Aboriginal people collecting shellfish on the beach at the base of a cliff were shot from the high ground by the company's servants. The company also employed booby traps such as spring loaded guns and steel jawed man traps, sometimes hidden in barrels of flour.
The culmination of these death squads was 'the Black Line', a 300 kilometre wide sweep which employed more than 2000 men over almost a two-month period from the 7th of October 1830 to the 26th of November. The strategy was designed as a battue to drive the remaining Aboriginal inhabitants into a cordon where they could be captured or killed. While Governor Arthur maintained that capture was the goal, those who participated and the press had no doubt that the only realistic recourse was to kill the remaining Aboriginal people. The former Attorney General wrote publicly that they were "about to enter upon a war of extermination, for such I apprehend is the intended object of the present operations." The serving Solicitor General concurred writing "If you cannot capture them...I say boldly and broadly, exterminate."
While the Black Line was an abject failure, manned by unmotivated conscript troops and convicts, hamstrung by incompetence, lack of supplies, bad weather and poor intelligence, ultimately, it failed because there simply was no enemy to kill. A year later, when George Augustus Robinson negotiated the final surrender of the eastern tribes and led them into Hobart Town all that remained was 19 men, nine women and one child. Within a few years they too would mostly be dead, killed by white man's diseases on their Flinders Island internment camp. The more than dozen tribes of the north west suffered a similar fate, having been virtually wiped out by the Van Diemen's Land Company by 1834, and of those tribes in the north east, by 1830 there were only 74 human beings left alive. Robinson wrote that "at every boat harbour along the whole line of the coast the bones of the murdered aborigines are strewed over the face of the earth and bleaching in the sun..." By 1835 the Aboriginal Peoples of Tasmania were virtually extinct. The extirpation of each tribe a completed genocide. Today, those Tasmanians who are of Aboriginal ancestry are almost exclusively the descendants of Aboriginal women and girls taken as slaves by sealers in Bass Strait.
As the frontier in New South Wales continued to expand the Crown sought to limit the unregulated spread of settlement. In 1929 the area of land that could be legally settled was expanded to nineteen counties stretching from the Bateman's Bay in the south to Taree in the north to Bathurst and Wellington in the west. Squatters simply ran their stock well beyond the settled counties. In 1836 Governor Bourke legalised this illegal fait accompli.by acknowledging squatter's rights to occupation if they paid ten pounds in annual rent. Skinner remarks that “The resulting Act (7 Wm. IV. No. 4) to restrain the unauthorized occupation of Crown Lands was equally a law to recognize and encourage legitimate grazing." Bourke mused that failing to take this land would be "a perverse rejection of the Bounty of Providence." This Bounty of Providence was, of course, Aboriginal land, and taking it necessitated violence.
Conflict came in the form of arbitrary killings, ad hoc death squads and the establishment of the Mounted Police and later the Native Police. At separation in 1859 the Native Police would become the Queensland Native Mounted Police, which would field death squads across the entire state for to following half century.
The Mounted Police were thought to have killed around 100 Aboriginal people in 1836 and another 65 in 1838. Richards writes that "...the Mounted Police exerted the Crown's monopoly over armed force on the frontier while maintaining the appearance of law. In other words, while described as a police force upholding the rule of law, the force actually resembled an army unit actively engaged with an enemy."
On 26 January 1838, on the newly expanded frontier, the military Mounted Police under Major James Nunn perpetrated a massacre of Aboriginal people south west of Moree at Waterloo Creek. This was the culmination of a two month long campaign to suppress Aboriginal resistance. At least fifty Aboriginal people were murdered. At the time the government funded missionary Lancelot Threlkeld published a report naming Nunn as a mass murdered responsible for the deaths of 200-300 Aboriginal people on the Gwydir and its tributaries.
This was followed on 10 June 1838 by the Myall Creek Massacre east of Moree, perpetrated by an ad hoc death squad composed of squatters and their stockmen. At least 28 Aboriginal people, women, children and the elderly, were shot, beheaded and dismembered before their bodies were burnt on a fire. The death squad then proceeded to another property near Inverell perpetrating a second massacre before returning to Myall Creek.
The Myall Creek Massacre became the only instance where white colonists were held accountable for mass murder. There were two trials. In the first an all white jury found them not guilty. Subsequently, seven of the original eleven defendants were re-tried on the charge of killing a child, found guilty and executed.
The Myall Creek Massacre trial was only made possible because the perpetrators had made a public resolution "to exterminate the whole race of blacks in that quarter" and some of their fellow settlers disagreed with the sentiment and informed the authorities.
In 1839 Governor Gipps, in an attempt to rein in atrocities being committed in the colony issued a strongly worded public proclamation pointing out the illegality of waging war against Aboriginal Peoples "As human beings partaking of our common nature -as the Aboriginal possessors of the soil from which the wealth of the country has been principally derived - and as subjects of the Queen, whose authority extends over every part of New Holland - the natives of the Colony have an equal right with the people of European origin to the protection and 'assistance of the law of England." ·
"To allow either to injure or oppress the other, or to permit the stronger to regard the weaker party as aliens with whom a war can exist, and against whom they may exercise belligerent rights, is not less inconsistent with the spirit of that Law, than it is at variance with the dictates of justice and humanity."
In response to the massacres and general lawlessness of the frontier Governor Gipps also introduced the Border Police Act "An Act further to restrain the unauthorised occupation of Crown Lands, and to provide the means of defraying the expense of the Border Police" and in 1841 a subsequent Act extended the force for another 5 years. While the Border Police, made up primarily of military convicts, proved relatively inconsequential for dealing with frontier violence, it laid the foundation for the establishment of the permanent Native Police in 1848.
In 1847/48 James Marks, a squatter whose son had been killed by Aboriginal people, possibly in response to Marks' "ruthless shooting of Aborigines" and the murder of an Aboriginal boy working for a neighbouring squatter, recruited white settlers to form a death squad. They were joined by two Constables, McGee and Hancock, on the orders of the Warialda Bench of Magistrates. Their killing spree centered on 'station blacks', Aboriginal people working for local squatters and the victims were almost exclusively women. The total number of victims is unknown but at least 47 were recorded to have been murdered.
Commissioner John Bligh wrote to the Colonial Secretary on 16 September 1848 stating that death squads were still carrying out murders. He wrote of theses fresh murders "It would seem that seven persons were concerned in these murders and the audacity of these people may be imagined from the circumstances of these attacks having taken place almost immediately on my leaving the Macintyre where I had been engaged for a fortnight in investigating the former murders at Mr Jonathan Young's and almost at the moment after my seizing one of the person's concerned in that business and issuing warrants for the arrest of the remainder.... These atrocious outrages appear to me to have been instigated partly by wanton brutality and desire of excitement and partly by a feeling of animosity against the Natives and those who employ them arising from the idea that the rate of wages is lowered by their unpaid services...(slavery)...From the statements of the Natives and the evidence now before me I cannot entertain a doubt of the guilt of the persons now in custody though I feel convinced that they will be regarded as martyrs by their fellows and that every effort will be used to protect them by false evidence from the consequences of their crime."
Despite a warrant being issued for Marks he was never arrested nor were any of the murderers successfully prosecuted. Frederick Walker wrote the Native Mounted Police was established because of Marks "an individual whose atrocities on the Macintyre first induced His Excellence to command me to raise the Native Police."
On 17 August 1848 Frederick 'Filibuster' Walker was duly appointed the first Commandant of the Native Police on the recommendation of William Charles Wentworth and Augustus Morris of the Legislative Council. Walker had been the manager of Morris' property, where he had proven himself by violently putting down Aboriginal people, and both had worked for Wentworth on the Murrumbidgee. It was on Morris' property, Callandoon, that Walker would initially establish the Mounted Police headquarters.
Copeland says that "his 'Callandoon Experiment' was a success for the squatters and a disaster for the local Bigambul people." By the time his 'experiment' was over only 100 Bigambul were left alive.
Walker's and the NMP's first engagement with Aboriginal people was on the Macintyre River. William Butler Tooth- who later was accused of slavery, "running an enforced black labour camp which compromised a number of inoffensive Manumbar natives" on his Widgee Widgee run- testified before the 1858 Select Committee "The blacks were so completely put down on that occasion and terrified at the power of the Police." Walker followed this up on the Severn River where he ambushed Aboriginal people and pursued them into thick scrub. A witness stated that "the number that they killed no one but their Commandant and themselves ever know." In June on the Condamine two further 'clashes' occurred. An unknown number of Aboriginal people were killed in the first engagement. Walker wrote that "they suffered so severely that they returned to their own country, a distance of eighty miles."
Near Carbucky on 1 July 1849, Walker and his troopers, together with squatters, surrounded and attacked local Aboriginal people. Walker wrote to the Colonial Secretary "I much regretted not having one hour more [of] daylight and I would have annihilated the lot,…" In this one engagement 100 Bigambul were killed.
Even at these early stages Walker's and the NMP's aggressive tactics provoked the Colonial Secretary to caution Walker "not to commit acts of aggressive warfare against the Aborigines and pointing out that the command of the Native Police Force had been entrusted to him for the maintenance of peace and not for the purpose of carrying war into the Aborigine's country.".
Walker, on a number of occasions, sought clarification of the legality of what he had been tasked to do. No such clarification was ever forthcoming. In 1839 Governor Gipps had insisted that all Aboriginal deaths resulting from clashes with Europeans must be subject to an inquiry. In 1850, the Colonial Secretary reiterated that Aboriginal deaths should be investigated, but now, by the officers commanding, the same officers who participated in the attacks. Attorney General Plunket refused to offer an opinion. Essentially, what happened in the field was to stay in the field.
When questioned by the Colonial Secretary about Marshall's shooting of Aboriginal people Walker responded that Marshall had only fired on them seven times in nine months and that these shooting had not been against one tribe in one area but against six different tribes, from 50 to 200 miles apart. These shootings may have been on a relatively small scale compared to other massacres but the numbers still add up to significant deaths and widespread terror. March 1850 on the Lower Condamine, 'killed a number'; July 1850, an Aboriginal man chased and killed; 8 August on the Severn, an Aboriginal man killed; April 1851, Marshall shot two men in the Mary River; Walker's patrol killed another near the Grafton Range; September 1851, two or three were killed; November, one shot; 2 October 1851, two shot, 7 October, two shot. These ones, twos and 'several' soon became dozens then hundreds then thousands.
By 1850/51 three troops of Native Mounted Police were in the Wide Bay area carrying out attacks on Aboriginal people at Widgee and Kilkivan with the participation of local squatters, Corfield, McTaggart and John Murray, who, in 1852, would become the fourth officer of the NMP, a career that would last 19 years and see Murray slaughter Aboriginal people across the state. Murray subsequently described the shooting in a letter to the Sydney Morning Herald. He wrote that on 14 December, he participated in attacks led by Marshall and his troopers upon the Aboriginal owners of Widgee and Kilkivan. At the conclusion of the attacks, one lasting more than an hour, Murray stated that "the blacks suffered severely" and that they had been "taught a lesson which will show them their inferiority in war". The number of Aboriginal people killed is unknown.
Despite the Colonial Secretary's official remonstration against waging warfare, Christmas Eve 1851 saw the NMP field three troops under Walker, Marshall and Sgt Dolan together with squatters, storekeepers and the crew of the cutter Margaret and Mary, all sworn in as 'special constables' in a military style campaign against the Aboriginal Peoples of Fraser Island. The campaign lasted ten days and almost no details were released, Walker claimed that on the final assault he had stayed at camp because he was footsore. Local papers reported "...that the natives were driven into the sea, and kept there as long as daylight or life lasted..." and that subsequently the Aboriginal people of Fraser who had hitherto been friendly to shipwreck survivors had then become hostile.
It seems that the repeated missives from the Colonial Secretary had finally been heard. From this point on indiscretion on the part of his officers would invite the ire and sanction of Walker, but mass murder would not. To this end Walker introduced a rule- the first rule of the NMP- that no white man could accompany the NMP in the field unless they were sworn in as constables, and despite the Crown having enabled unsworn testimony to be accept in courts, it would not be until be until 1876 that the testimony of Aboriginal people would be admitted in law.
It is around this time that Frederick Walker and the NMP became victims of their own success. Walker, unlike many who would follow him, viewed the violence of the NMP as a means to an end, not an end in itself. As the genocidal slaughter on the Macintyre showed, Walker was completely comfortable waging war of aggression against the owners of the soil, but his war had a social and economic agenda.
As the frontier expanded and European pastoralists- and later miners- grabbed more and more land, Aboriginal Peoples were obviously going to resist. Walker, like a paternalistic slave owner, believed that resistance must be crushed swiftly and decisively but that once that was achieved Aboriginal peoples would then become a vitally important economic asset. Once the resistance was broken and Aboriginal People enslaved their free labour could provide a boon to pastoralists. To this end he repeatedly encouraged squatters to allow Aboriginal people onto their runs, something that many had refused to do before the presence of the NMP. He wrote of the success of this policy on the Macintyre, "a run which would not have fetched £100 in May, 1849, was disposed of in January, 1850, for £500, so much had property risen in value by the increased security of life and property."
One of the first beneficiaries of this strategy was Augustus Morris, Walker's friend, colleague and sponsor for the position of Commandant, who owned Callandoon station where the strategy had first been trialled. As a result of the success of the trial on Callandoon, Morris "used only Aboriginals as stockmen and Chinese as hut-keepers."
Unfortunately for Walker the success of his brutality on the Macintyre- and the brutality of Marks, the squatters and Europeans who felt displaced by free Aboriginal labour- had both raised the expectations of the squatters and the ire of the Colonial administration, Christians, and those favourably disposed towards Aboriginal Peoples. Cautions from the Colonial administration about ensuring that the activities of the NMP remained within the vague field of vision of the letter of the law now served as a brake upon wholesale slaughter, while the squatters demanded that the NMP be everywhere at once and then grew angry that Walker would not simply repeat the Macintyre solution in their district. The same squatters in the Wide Bay who had lauded his achievements in 1850 were condemning him and demanding the NMP be replaced by an outright military response in 1852.
While much is made of Walker's insobriety and financial irregularities (which were a product of his location beyond the metropolis and the incompetence of the Colonial administration as much as his own failings), his clashes with a local magistrates, disagreements with squatters, the small size of his force, rugged terrain and vast distances and conflicting expectations all contributed to his sacking. Turning up at the Board of Inquiry into his behaviour drunk as a skunk surrounded by a phalanx of armed NMP troopers probably didn't help, although the Board seemed to read the subtext as the inquiry was adjourned and never resumed.
Europe
Croatia
The Ustaše was a Croatian fascist and ultranationalist organization active, as one organization, between 1929 and 1945, formally known as the Ustaša – Croatian Revolutionary Movement (). Its members murdered hundreds of thousands of Serbs, Jews, and Roma as well as political dissidents in Yugoslavia during World War II.
France
The French military used death squads during the Algerian War (1954–1962).
Germany
Weimar Republic
Death squads first appeared in Germany following the end of the First World War and the overthrow of the House of Hohenzollern. In order to prevent a coup d'etat by Soviet-backed German Communists, the SPD-dominated government of the Weimar Republic declared a state of emergency and ordered the recruitment of war veterans into militias called the Freikorps. Although officially answering to Defense Minister Gustav Noske, the Freikorps tended to be drunken, trigger happy, and loyal only to their own commanders. However, they were instrumental in the defeat of the 1919 Spartacist Uprising and the annexation of the short-lived Bavarian Soviet Republic. The most famous victims of the Freikorps were the Communist leaders Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg, who were captured after the suppression of the Spartacist Uprising and shot without trial. After the Freikorps units turned against the Republic in the monarchist Kapp Putsch, many of the leaders were forced to flee abroad and the units were largely disbanded.
Some Freikorps veterans drifted into the ultra-nationalist Organisation Consul, which regarded the 1918 Armistice and the Versailles Treaty as treasonous and assassinated politicians who were associated with them. Among their victims were Matthias Erzberger and Walter Rathenau, both of whom were cabinet ministers in the Weimar regime.
In addition, the city of Munich remained a headquarters of Russian White émigré hit teams, which targeted those who were believed to have betrayed the Tsar. Their most infamous operation remains the 1922 attempt on the life of Russian Provisional Government statesman Pavel Miliukov in Berlin. When newspaper publisher Vladimir Dmitrievich Nabokov attempted to shield the intended victim, he was fatally shot by assassin Piotr Shabelsky-Bork.
During the same era, the Communist Party of Germany also operated its own assassination squads. Titled, the Rotfrontkämpferbund they carried out assassinations of carefully selected individuals from the Weimar regime as well as assassinations of members of rival political parties. The most infamous operations of Weimar-era Communist death squads remain the 1931 slayings of Berlin police Captains Paul Anlauf and Franz Lenck. Those involved in the ambush either fled to the Soviet Union or were arrested and prosecuted. Among those to receive the death penalty was Max Matern, who was later glorified as a martyr by the East German State. The last surviving conspirator, former East German secret police head Erich Mielke, was belatedly tried and convicted for the murders in 1993. The evidence needed to successfully prosecute him had been found in his personal safe after German reunification.
Nazi Germany
Between 1933 and 1945, Germany was a one-party state ruled by the fascist Nazi Party and its leader, Adolf Hitler. During this period, the Nazis made extensive use of death squads and targeted killings.
In 1934, Hitler ordered the extrajudicial killings of Ernst Röhm and all members of the Sturmabteilung who remained loyal to him. Simultaneously, Hitler also ordered a mass purge of the German armed forces, targeting officers who, like General Kurt von Schleicher, had opposed his drive for absolute power. These massacres have gone down in history as, "The Night of the Long Knives."
Following the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, the German military was followed by four travelling death squads called Einsatzgruppen to hunt down and kill Jews, Communists and other so-called undesirables in the occupied areas. This was the first of the massacres which comprised the Holocaust. Typically, the victims, who included women and children, were forcibly marched from their homes to open graves or ravines before being shot. Many others suffocated in specially designed poison trucks called gas vans. Between 1941 and 1944, the Einsatzgruppen killed some two million people, including about 1.3 million Jews, as well as tens of thousands of suspected political dissidents, most of the Polish upper class and intelligentsia, POWs, and uncounted numbers of Romany.
Another use of death squad tactics in Nazi Germany took place after the failure of the July 20th Plot, which had aimed to assassinate Hitler and dismantle the Nazi Party. More than 4,000 members and sympathizers of the German Resistance and their families were either killed out right or subjected to judicial murder by Judge Roland Freisler of the People's Court. Those whom Freisler sentenced to death were routinely hanged from piano wire nooses within hours of their trials.
These tactics ended only with the defeat of Nazi Germany in 1945.
East Germany
Between the end of World War II and 1989, Germany was divided into the democratic and capitalist Federal Republic of Germany and the Communist German Democratic Republic, a one-party state under the Socialist Unity Party and its secret police, the Stasi. During these years, kangaroo courts and cavalier use of the death penalty were routinely used against suspected enemies of the State. In order to prevent East German citizens from defecting to the West, orders were issued to border guards to shoot suspected defectors on sight. During the 1980s, the Stasi carried out a mission to hunt down and assassinate West Germans who were suspected of smuggling East Germans.
On the orders of the Party leadership and Stasi chief Erich Mielke, the East German Government financed, armed, and trained, "urban guerrillas," from numerous countries. According to ex-Stasi Colonel Rainer Wiegand, ties to terrorist organizations were overseen by Markus Wolf and Department Three of the Stasi's foreign intelligence wing. Members of the West German Rote Armee Fraktion, the Chilean Manuel Rodríguez Patriotic Front, and the South African Umkhonto we Sizwe were brought to East Germany for training in the use of military hardware and, "the leadership role of the Party." Similar treatment was meted out to Palestinian terrorists from the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Abu Nidal, and Black September.
Other Stasi agents worked as military advisers to African Marxist guerrillas and the governments they later formed. They included the Namibian SWAPO and the Angolan MPLA during the South African Border War, the FRELIMO during the Mozambican War of Independence and civil war, and Robert Mugabe's ZANLA during the Rhodesian Bush War.
Colonel Wiegand revealed that Mielke and Wolf provided bodyguards from the Stasi's counter-terrorism division for Senior PLO terrorist Carlos the Jackal and Black September leader Abu Daoud during their visits to the GDR. Col. Wiegand had been sickened by the 1972 Munich massacre and was horrified that the GDR would treat the man who ordered it as an honored guest. When he protested, Wiegand was told that Abu Daoud was, "a friend of our country, a high-ranking political functionary," and that there was no proof that he was a terrorist.
During the 1980s, Wiegand secretly recruited a Libyan diplomat into spying on his colleagues. Wiegand's informant told him that the La Belle bombing and other terrorist attacks against western citizens were being planned at the Libyan Embassy in East Berlin. When Wiegand showed him a detailed report, Mielke informed the SED's Politburo, which ordered the Colonel to continue surveillance but not interfere with the plans of the Libyans.
Shortly before German Reunification, West Germany's Federal Constitutional Court indicted former Stasi chief Erich Mielke for collusion with two Red Army Faction terrorist attacks against U.S. military personnel. The first was the car bomb attack at Ramstein Air Base on 31 August 1981. The second was the attempted murder of United States Army General Frederick Kroesen at Heidelberg on 15 September 1981. The latter attack, which was carried out by RAF members Brigitte Mohnhaupt and Christian Klar, involved firing an RPG-7 anti-tank rocket into the General's armored Mercedes. Due to reasons of senile dementia, Mielke was never placed on trial for either attack.
Federal Republic of Germany
Following German reunification, death squads linked to foreign intelligence services have continued to operate in Germany. The most infamous example of this remains the 1992 Mykonos restaurant assassinations, in which a group of anti-Islamist Iranians were fatally machine-gunned in a Greek restaurant in Berlin. A German court ultimately convicted the assassins and exposed the involvement of intelligence services of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The murder and subsequent trial has been publicized in the nonfiction bestseller The Assassins of the Turquois Palace by Roya Hakakian.
Hungary
For most of World War II, Hungary was an ally of Nazi Germany. However, the Regency Council of Admiral Miklós Horthy refused to permit the deportation of Hungarian Jews to Nazi death camps.
Then, in October 1944, Horthy announced a cease-fire with the Allies and ordered the Hungarian Army to lay down their arms. In response, Nazi Germany launched Operation Panzerfaust, a covert operation which forced Horthy to abdicate in favour of the Fascist and militantly racist Arrow Cross Party, which was led by Ferenc Szálasi. This was followed by an Arrow Cross coup in Budapest on the same day. Szálasi was declared "Leader of the Nation" and prime minister of a "Government of National Unity".
Arrow Cross rule, despite lasting only three months, was brutal. Death squads killed as many as 38,000 Hungarians. Arrow Cross officers helped Adolf Eichmann re-activate the deportation proceedings from which the Jews of Budapest had previously been spared, sending some 80,000 Jews out of the city on slave labor details and many more straight to death camps. Many Jewish males of conscription age were already serving as slave labor for the Hungarian Army's Forced Labor Battalions. Most of them died, including many who were murdered outright after the end of the fighting as they were returning home. Quickly formed battalions raided the Yellow Star Houses and combed the streets, hunting down Jews claimed to be partisans and saboteurs since Jews attacked Arrow Cross squads at least six to eight times with gunfire. These approximately 200 Jews were taken to the bridges crossing the Danube, where they were shot and their bodies borne away by the waters of the river because many were attached to weights while they were handcuffed to each other in pairs.
Red Army troops reached the outskirts of the city in December 1944, and the Battle of Budapest began, although it has often been claimed that there is no proof that the Arrow Cross members and the Germans conspired to destroy the Budapest ghetto. Days before he fled the city, Arrow Cross Interior Minister Gabor Vájna commanded that streets and squares named after Jews be renamed.
As control of the city's institutions began to decay, the Arrow Cross trained their guns on the most helpless possible targets: patients in the beds of the city's two Jewish hospitals on Maros Street and Bethlen Square, and residents in the Jewish poorhouse on Alma Road. Arrow Cross members continually sought to raid the ghettos and Jewish concentration buildings; the majority of Budapest's Jews were saved only by a handful of Jewish leaders and foreign diplomats, most famously the Swedish Raoul Wallenberg, the Papal Nuncio Monsignor Angelo Rotta, Swiss Consul Carl Lutz and Francoist Spain's consul general, Giorgio Perlasca. Szálasi knew that the documents used by these diplomats to save Jews were invalid according to international law, but ordered that they be respected.
The Arrow Cross government effectively fell at the end of January 1945, when the Soviet Army took Pest and their enemies forces retreated across the Danube to Buda. Szálasi had escaped from Budapest on 11 December 1944, taking with him the Hungarian royal crown, while Arrow Cross members and German forces continued to fight a rear-guard action in the far west of Hungary until the end of the war in April 1945.
After the war, many of the Arrow Cross leaders were captured and tried for war crimes. Many were executed, including Ferenc Szálasi. Fr. András Kun, a Roman Catholic priest who commanded an Arrow Cross death squad while dressed in his cassock, was also convicted and hanged after the war. Fr. Kun's cassock remains on permanent display at the House of Terror in Budapest.
Ireland
Irish War of Independence
During the Irish War of Independence, the Irish Republican Army under Michael Collins made use of death squads and targeted killings. At the beginning of the conflict, Collins recruited a group of men from the IRA's Dublin Brigade, who were dubbed "The Twelve Apostles". At Collins' orders, the Twelve Apostles strategically assassinated members of Crown security forces, British intelligence spymasters, and moles within IRA ranks. Collins was assisted in this by IRA moles within Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) and the Dublin Metropolitan Police. Furthermore, several secretaries working for the British Army High Command in Dublin were also working as spies for Collins.
As British authority in Ireland began to disintegrate, Prime minister David Lloyd George declared a state of emergency. In order to defeat the IRA, Winston Churchill, the Secretary of State for War, suggested the recruitment of First World War veterans into paramilitary law enforcement. Lloyd George agreed to the proposal, and advertisements were filed in British newspapers. Groups of formerly enlisted men were formed into the Black and Tans, so called because of their mixture of British Army and police uniforms. Veterans who had held officers rank were formed into the Auxiliary Division, the members of which were higher paid and received better supplies. Members of both units, however, were despised by Irish civilians, against whom the "Tans" and "Auxies" routinely retaliated against for IRA raids and assassinations.
To make matters worse, it was also far from unheard of for the Regular army, the RIC, or the Dublin Metropolitan Police to use the same tactics. In many cases, mixed forces of army, policemen, and paramilitaries would abduct, torture, and summarily execute Irish civilians who were suspected of being connected with the IRA or IRA members. This further eroded support for British rule among the Irish populace.
On 20 March 1920, Tomás Mac Curtain, the nationalist Lord Mayor of Cork, was shot dead in front of his wife and son by a group of RIC officers with blackened faces.
Enraged, Collins ordered the Twelve Apostles to hunt down and assassinate every one of the RIC officers involved in Mac Curtain's murder. On 22 August 1920, RIC District Inspector Oswald Swanzy, who had ordered the assassination, was shot dead with Mac Curtain's revolver while leaving a Protestant church service in Lisburn, County Antrim. This sparked a "pogrom" against the Catholic residents of the town.
On Bloody Sunday, Collins' men set out to assassinate members of a British army intelligence group known as the Cairo Gang, killing or fatally wounding fifteen men, some of whom were unconnected to the Gang. In one incident, the IRA group was heard to scream, "May the Lord have mercy on your souls", before opening fire.
Collins later said of the incident,
My one intention was the destruction of the undesirables who continued to make miserable the lives of ordinary decent citizens. I have proof enough to assure myself of the atrocities which this gang of spies and informers have committed. If I had a second motive it was no more than a feeling such as I would have for a dangerous reptile. By their destruction the very air is made sweeter. For myself, my conscience is clear. There is no crime in detecting in wartime the spy and the informer. They have destroyed without trial. I have paid them back in their own coin.
That afternoon, British security forces opened fire into the crowd during a Gaelic football match at Croke Park, killing 14 and wounding 68 players and spectators.
The hostilities ended in 1921 with the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, which guaranteed the independence of the Irish Free State.
Irish Civil War
After independence, Irish nationalist movement divided over the terms of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, which granted a partitioned Ireland Dominion status within the British Empire. Furthermore, all officials of the new Irish State were required to take an oath of allegiance to King George V.
As a result, the Irish Civil War was fought between those Irish nationalists who accepted the Treaty and those who considered it treasonous. Although fought between men who had recently served together against the British, the fighting was often without quarter and brutal atrocities were committed by both sides.
In IRA communications, the Irish State was referred to as,"The Imperial Gang", the "Murder Government", and as "a British-imposed Dáil". Therefore, Irish men and women who supported the Free State were regarded as traitors. At the orders of IRA Chief of Staff Liam Lynch, Anti-Treaty IRA began raising money for their cause via armed robbery of banks and post offices. On 30 November 1922, Liam Lynch issued what were dubbed the "orders of frightfulness", in which he ordered IRA members to assassinate members of the Irish Parliament, or Dáil Éireann, and Senators whenever possible. This General Order sanctioned the assassination of certain judges and newspaper editors. The IRA also launched a concerted arson campaign against the homes of members of the Dáil, or TDs. Among these attacks were the burning of the house of TD James McGarry, resulting in the death of his seven-year-old son and the murder of Free state minister Kevin O'Higgins elderly father and burning of his family home at Stradbally in early 1923.
After TD Sean Hales was assassinated, the Dáil began to treat the civil war as a state of emergency. They voted to retaliate by summarily executing four captured members of IRA Executive -- Rory O'Connor, Liam Mellows, Richard Barrett and Joe McKelvey. After the motion passed, all four men were executed by firing squad on 8 December 1922. During the conflict, at least 73 other captured IRA men were treated in the same fashion—some following court martial, others without trial. There are no conclusive figures for the number of unofficial executions of captured IRA insurgents, but Republican officer Todd Andrews estimated 153. (see Executions during the Irish Civil War).
At the beginning of the Civil War, the Irish State formed a special counter-terrorism police, which was called the Criminal Investigation Department. Based in Dublin's Oriel House, the CID were despised by the Anti-Treaty IRA, which referred to them as "The Murder Gang". During the Battle of Dublin, the CID is known to have shot 25 Anti-Treaty militants, officially while, "resisting arrest." Ultimately, the Irish State disbanded CID upon the cessation of hostilities in 1923.
Despite the best efforts of the Anti-Treaty forces, both the Irish Army and the CID proved highly effective in both combat and intelligence work. One tactic involved placing IRA message couriers under surveillance, which routinely led the Irish security forces to senior members of the insurgency.
According to historian Tom Mahon, the Irish Civil War "effectively ended" on 10 April 1923, when the Irish Army tracked down and mortally wounded Liam Lynch during a skirmish in the Knockmealdown Mountains of County Tipperary. Twenty days later, Lynch's successor, Frank Aiken, gave the order to "Surrender and dump arms."
Russia
Russian Empire
The first organized use of death squad violence in Russia dates from the 16th century reign of Ivan the Terrible, the first Russian monarch to claim the title of Tsar. Named the Oprichniki, they wore quivers which contained brooms, symbolizing their mission to ferret the enemies of the Tsar. They dressed in black garb, which was similar to a Russian Orthodox monastic habit, and bore the insignia of a severed dog's head (to sniff out treason and the enemies of the Tsar) and a broom (to sweep them away). The dog's head was also symbolic of their "nipping at the heels of the Tsar's enemies." They were sometimes called the "Tsar's Dogs" on account of their loyalty to him. They also rode black horses in order to inspire a greater level of terror.
Their oath of allegiance was:
I swear to be true to the Lord, Grand Prince, and his realm, to the young Grand Princes, and to the Grand Princess, and not to maintain silence about any evil that I may know or have heard or may hear which is being contemplated against the Tsar, his realms, the young princes or the Tsaritsa. I swear also not to eat or drink with the zemshchina, and not to have anything in common with them. On this I kiss the cross.
Led by Malyuta Skuratov, the Oprichniki routinely tortured and executed whomever the Tsar suspected of treason, including boyars, merchants, clergymen, commoners, and even entire cities. The memoirs of Heinrich von Staden, provide a detailed description of both the Tsar's motivations and the inner workings of the Oprichniki.
The most famous victims of the Oprichniki remains Kyr Philip Kolychev, the Metropolitan bishop of Moscow. The Metropolitan gave a sermon in the Tsar's presence in which he rebuked Ivan for terrorizing and murdering large numbers of innocent people and their families. Enraged, Tsar Ivan convened a Church council which declared Metropolitan Philip defrocked and imprisoned in a monastery for delinquent clergy. Years later, Tsar Ivan sent an emissary demanding Metropolitan Philip's blessing on his plans for the Novgorod massacre. Metropolitan Philip said, "Only the good are blessed."
Enraged, Tsar Ivan sent Skuratov to personally strangle the Metropolitan in his monastic cell. Metropolitan Philip was subsequently glorified as a Saint by the Russian Orthodox Church.
In later centuries, Russian Tsars would declare a state of emergency and use death squad tactics in order to suppress domestic uprisings like Pugachev's Rebellion and the Russian Revolution of 1905. During the latter, Tsar Nicholas II of Russia ordered the Imperial Russian Army to ally itself with the Black Hundreds, an ultra-nationalist paramilitary group. Those captured in arms against the Tsar's forces were tried by military tribunals before being hanged or shot. According to Simon Sebag Montefiore, being caught wearing similar clothing to Anti-Tsarist militias was often enough for court martial followed by execution. These tactics were continued by the anti-communist White Movement during the Russian Civil War (1917-1920).
Opponents of the House of Romanov also carried out targeted killings of those deemed as enemies of Socialism, which was referred to as individual terror. Among them were the People's Will, the Bolshevik Battle Squad, and the Combat Brigade of the Socialist Revolutionary Party. Among the victims of Marxist death squads were Tsar Alexander II of Russia, the Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, and the Georgian language poet and publisher Ilia Chavchavadze. These tactics were drastically accelerated following the October Revolution.
Soviet Union
Following the Bolshevik Revolution, the former Russian Empire spent 73 years as a one party state ruled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Especially between 1917 and 1953, the CPSU routinely ordered the abduction, torture, and execution of massive numbers of real and suspected anti-communists. Those with upper class origins were routinely targeted in this way during the early years of the Soviet Union.
Most of the repression was committed by the regular forces of the state, like the army and the police, but there were also many cases of clandestine and covert operations.
During the interwar period, the NKVD routinely targeted anti-Stalinists in the West for abduction or murder. Among them were the CPSU's former Commissar of War, Leon Trotsky, who was assassinated in Mexico City on 21 August 1940 by NKVD officer Ramon Mercador. Furthermore, former White Army Generals Alexander Kutepov and Evgeny Miller were abducted in Paris by the NKVD. Kutepov is alleged to have had a heart attack before he could be smuggled back to Moscow, and shot. General Miller was not so fortunate and died in Moscow's Lubianka Prison. Yevhen Konovalets, the founder of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, was blown to bits by NKVD officer Pavel Sudoplatov in Rotterdam on 23 May 1938.
In the post-war period, the Russian Orthodox Church collaborated with the Soviet State in a campaign to eliminate Eastern Rite Catholicism in the newly annexed regions of Soviet-ruled Ukraine. Priests and laity who refused to convert to Orthodoxy were either assassinated or deported to the GULAGs in Karaganda. On 27 October 1947, the NKVD staged a car accident in order to assassinate the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Bishop Theodore Romzha of Mukachevo. When the "accident" failed to kill the Bishop, the NKVD poisoned him in his hospital bed on 1 November 1947.
Even in the post-Stalin era, the Soviet secret police continued to assassinate anti-communists in the West. Two of the most notable victims were Lev Rebet and Stepan Bandera, Ukrainian nationalists who were assassinated by the KGB in Munich, West Germany. Both deaths were believed to be accidental until 1961, when their murderer, Bohdan Stashynsky, defected to the West with his wife and voluntarily surrendered to West German authorities.
Russian Federation
The Russian military has been accused of using death squads against Chechen insurgents. After defecting to the United States in October, 2000, Sergei Tretyakov, an SVR agent, accused the Government of the Russian Federation of following Soviet-era practices by routinely assassinating its critics abroad.
Spain
Prior to World War II, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union fought a war by proxy during the Spanish Civil War. There were death squads used by both the Falangists and Republicans during this conflict. Prominent victims of the era's death squad violence include the poet Federico García Lorca, José Robles, and journalist Ramiro Ledesma Ramos. (see also Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War).
The Republican death squads were heavily staffed by members of Joseph Stalin's OGPU and targeted members of the Catholic clergy and the Spanish nobility for assassination (see Red Terror).
According to author Donald Rayfield,
Stalin, Yezhov, and Beria distrusted Soviet participants in the Spanish war. Military advisors like Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko, journalists like Koltsov were open to infection by the heresies, especially Trotsky's, prevalent among the Republic's supporters. NKVD agents sent to Spain were therefore keener on abducting and murdering anti-Stalinists among Republican leaders and International Brigade commanders than on fighting Franco. The defeat of the Republic, in Stalin's eyes, was caused not by the NKVD's diversionary efforts, but by the treachery of the heretics.
John Dos Passos later wrote,
I have come to think, especially since my trip to Spain, that civil liberties must be protected at every stage. In Spain I am sure that the introduction of GPU methods by the Communists did as much harm as their tank men, pilots and experienced military men did good. The trouble with an all powerful secret police in the hands of fanatics, or of anybody, is that once it gets started there's no stopping it until it has corrupted the whole body politic.
The ranks of the Republican assassination squads included Erich Mielke, the future head of the East German Ministry of State Security. Walter Janka, a veteran of the Republican forces who remembers him described Mielke's career as follows,
While I was fighting at the front, shooting at the Fascists, Mielke served in the rear, shooting Trotskyites and Anarchists.
In the modern era, death squads, including the Batallón Vasco Español, Triple A, Grupos Antiterroristas de Liberación (GAL) were illegally set up by officials within the Spanish government to fight ETA. They were active from 1975 until 1987, operating under Spanish Socialist Workers' Party cabinets from 1982.
United Kingdom
During the Troubles in Northern Ireland, accusations of collusion between the British state and Loyalist terror groups had been longstanding, with several army units implicated in accusations of collusion. The Military Reaction Force (MRF) was a covert intelligence-gathering unit of the British Army active in Northern Ireland during the Troubles, a former member described it as a "legalised death squad". Another former MRF soldier said: "If you had a player who was a well-known shooter who carried out quite a lot of assassinations... then he had to be taken out. [They were] killers themselves, and they had no mercy for anybody."
During the 30 years of The Troubles in Northern Ireland, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) have also been accused of operating such squads. Suspected informers were dealt with by the IRA's Internal Security Unit, which carried out an investigation and interrogated the suspects. Following this a court martial would take place, with any death sentence needing to be ratified by the IRA Army Council.
Yugoslavia
The Srebrenica Massacre, also known as the Srebrenica Genocide, was the July 1995 killing of an estimated 8,000 Bosniak men and boys, as well as the ethnic cleansing of 1,000–2,000 refugees in the area of Srebrenica in Bosnia and Herzegovina, by units of the Army of Republika Srpska (VRS) under the command of General Ratko Mladić during the Bosnian War. In addition to the VRS, a paramilitary unit from Serbia known as the Scorpions participated in the massacre.
In Potočari, some of the executions were carried out at night under arc lights, and industrial bulldozers then pushed the bodies into mass graves. According to evidence collected from Bosniaks by French policeman Jean-René Ruez, some were buried alive; he also heard testimony describing Serb forces killing and torturing refugees at will, streets littered with corpses, people committing suicide to avoid having their noses, lips and ears chopped off, and adults being forced to watch the soldiers kill their children.
In 2004, in a unanimous ruling on the "Prosecutor v. Krstić" case, the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) located in The Hague ruled that the Srebrenica massacre was genocide.
Middle East
Egypt
The Iron Guard of Egypt was a pro-palace political movement or a secret palace organization which assassinated Farouk of Egypt's enemies or a secret unit with a licence to kill, which was believed to personally take orders from Farouk. It was involved in several deadly incidents.
Iran
Under the reign of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1941–1979) the SAVAK (Security and Intelligence Service) was founded. During the 1960s and 70s, it was accused of using death squads. After the Islamic Revolution overthrew the Shah, Amnesty International continued to complain of human rights abuses in Iran. Suspected foes of the Ayatollah Khomeini, were imprisoned, tortured, tried by kangaroo courts, and executed. The most famous victim of the era's death squad violence remains Amir-Abbas Hoveida, a Prime Minister of Iran under the Shah. However, the same treatment was also meted out to senior officers in the Iranian military. Other cases exist of Iranians opposed to the Islamic Republic who have been tracked down and murdered abroad. One of the most notorious examples of this remains the 1992 Mykonos restaurant assassinations in Berlin, Germany.
The Iranian government's victims include civilians who have been killed by "death squads" that operate under the control of government agents but these killing operations have been denied by the Iranian government. This was particularly the case during the 1990s when more than 80 writers, translators, poets, political activists, and ordinary citizens who had been critical of the government in some way, disappeared or were found murdered. In 1983 the American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) gave one of the leaders of Iran Khomeini information on Communist KGB agents in Iran. This information was almost certainly used. Later, The Iranian regime occasionally used death squads throughout the 1970s, 80s, and 90s. However, by the 2000s, it seems to have almost if not entirely ceased its operations. This partial Westernization of the country can be seen as paralleling similar events in Lebanon, the United Arab Emirates, and Northern Iraq beginning in the late 1990s.
Iraq
Iraq was formed by the British from three provinces of the Ottoman Empire following the empire's breakup after World War I. Its population is overwhelmingly Muslim but is divided into Shiites and Sunnis, with a Kurdish minority in the north. The new state leadership in the capital of Baghdad was formerly composed of, for the most part, the old Sunni Arab elite.
After Saddam Hussein was overthrown by the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, the secular socialist Baathist leadership were replaced with a provisional and later constitutional government that included leadership roles for the Shia and Kurds. This paralleled the development of ethnic militias by the Shia, Sunni, and the Kurdish Peshmerga.
During the course of the Iraq War the country has increasingly become divided into three zones: a Kurdish ethnic zone to the north, a Sunni center and the Shia ethnic zone to the south.
While all three groups have operated death squads,
in the national capital of Baghdad some members of the now Shia police department and army formed unofficial, unsanctioned, but long tolerated death squads. They possibly have links to the Interior Ministry and are popularly known as the 'black crows'. These groups operated either by night or by day. They usually arrested people, then either tortured or killed them.
The victims of these attacks were predominantly young males who had probably been suspected of being members of the Sunni insurgency. Agitators such as Abdul Razaq al-Na'as, Dr. Abdullateef al-Mayah, and Dr. Wissam Al-Hashimi have also been killed. Women and children have also been arrested or killed. Some of these killings have also been simple robberies or other criminal activities.
A feature in a May 2005 issue of the magazine of The New York Times accused the U.S. military of modelling the "Wolf Brigade", the Iraqi interior ministry police commandos, on the death squads that were used in the 1980s to crush the Marxist insurgency in El Salvador.
In 2004, the US dispatched James Steele as an envoy and special training adviser to the Iraqi Special Police Commandos who were later accused of torture and death squad activities. Steele had served in El Salvador in the 1980s, where he helped train government units involved in human rights violations death squads in their war against the FMLNF.
Lebanon
Death squads were active during the civil war from 1975 to 1990. The number of people who disappeared during the conflict is put around 17,000. Groups like Hezbollah have used death squads and elite wings to terrorize opponents and ISIS members.
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
Grey Wolves (organization) was established by Colonel Alparslan Türkeş in the 1960s, it was the main nationalist force during the political violence in 1976–80 in Turkey. During this period, the organization became a "death squad" engaged in "street killings and gunbattles". According to authorities, 220 of its members carried out 694 murders of left-wing and liberal activists and intellectuals. Attacks on university students were commonplace. They killed hundreds of Alevis in the Maraş massacre of 1978 and are alleged to have been behind the Taksim Square massacre of 1977. The masterminds behind the attempt on Pope John Paul II's life in 1981 by Grey Wolves member Mehmet Ali Ağca were not identified and the organization's role remains unclear.
Human rights groups
Many human rights organisations like Amnesty International are campaigning against extrajudicial punishment along with the UN.
See also
Arbitrary arrest and detention
Manhunt (military)
Midnight Man (TV serial)
Outlaw
Salvador Option
Assassination
Vigilante
Agencies
DIM of Venezuela
DINA of Chile
Einsatzgruppen of Nazi Germany
PIDE of Portugal
Securitate of the Socialist Republic of Romania
Secretaría de Inteligencia|SIDE of Argentina
Stasi of East Germany
SNI
SULFA
ZOMO of the Polish People's Republic
References
Sources
Further reading
Death squad: The anthropology of state terror Jeffrey Sluka (ed), University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999
Death squads in global perspective: Murder with deniability Bruce Campbell and Arthur Brenner (eds), Palgrave Macmillan, 2003
The political economy of death squads: Toward a theory of the impact of state-sanctioned terror T David Mason and Dale A Krane, International Studies Quarterly (33: 2), 1989, pp. 175–198
Jallad: Death squads and state terror in South Asia Tasneem Khalil, Pluto Press, 2015
Secret killings of Assam: The Horror Tales from the Land of Red River and Blue Hills Mrinal Talukdar, Utpal Borpujari, Kaushik Deka, Nanda Talukdar Foundation, 2009
External links
Escadrons de la mort, l'école française (Death Squads, the French School – video in French, with Spanish subtitles)
Astonishing Discovery of Remains of Guatemalan Death Squad Diary Victims
Extrajudicial killings by type
Law enforcement units
National security
Political repression
Secret police
Counter-terrorism
Paramilitary organizations
Terrorism tactics
Human rights abuses
War crimes by type
Dirty wars
Politicides
Enforced disappearance
State-sponsored terrorism | [
0.3967879116535187,
0.08469841629266739,
-1.0353996753692627,
-0.015548361465334892,
-0.24556264281272888,
-0.05590520054101944,
0.8813886642456055,
0.3493174910545349,
-0.49130794405937195,
-0.03696925565600395,
-0.6908557415008545,
0.03706850856542587,
-0.7687962651252747,
0.1793525069952011,
-0.37927258014678955,
0.37238413095474243,
0.1920410841703415,
0.15181811153888702,
-0.295268177986145,
0.06336609274148941,
-0.014223186299204826,
-0.16375616192817688,
0.004280310124158859,
-0.12635424733161926,
-0.027158720418810844,
0.1622963398694992,
0.1249740719795227,
-0.0289117731153965,
-0.4265388250350952,
0.30574724078178406,
0.07848615944385529,
-0.026272155344486237,
0.24281348288059235,
-0.22484733164310455,
-0.32105961441993713,
0.14262817800045013,
-0.6548265218734741,
-0.3075231611728668,
0.017448559403419495,
-0.6050043106079102,
0.044886842370033264,
-0.1767263263463974,
-0.3033231198787689,
0.36588284373283386,
-0.029099207371473312,
-0.5813531875610352,
-0.83034348487854,
0.6956965327262878,
-0.4281887710094452,
0.031836871057748795,
-0.2665410041809082,
0.4522863030433655,
-0.22626455128192902,
0.27331146597862244,
0.32887423038482666,
0.3681747019290924,
-0.23644524812698364,
-0.3101174831390381,
0.19409237802028656,
-1.002070426940918,
0.24688445031642914,
-0.01457962952554226,
0.41681885719299316,
0.31562334299087524,
0.16801054775714874,
-0.12090754508972168,
0.2910219728946686,
0.5047510266304016,
-0.5794526934623718,
-0.6684587597846985,
-0.5323618650436401,
0.1420000046491623,
0.20275193452835083,
0.29657524824142456,
-0.6734920740127563,
-0.4445468783378601,
0.5161458253860474,
-0.4700244963169098,
-0.36127084493637085,
0.3069174289703369,
0.13175275921821594,
0.2985938489437103,
0.3144378066062927,
0.33554938435554504,
0.15003328025341034,
0.26331090927124023,
-0.4118874669075012,
0.08469457924365997,
0.02873670496046543,
0.20904262363910675,
0.3829878568649292,
0.3207383453845978,
0.9071541428565979,
0.2759704887866974,
0.15255333483219147,
0.44850221276283264,
0.507043182849884,
0.3789507746696472,
-0.09136949479579926,
0.2403186857700348,
0.6158154606819153,
-0.25431016087532043,
0.349674791097641,
-0.13817806541919708,
-0.34689998626708984,
-0.5649012327194214,
0.3496253192424774,
-0.19744090735912323,
0.10882981866598129,
-0.3261945843696594,
-0.4423495829105377,
0.289717435836792,
-0.21627862751483917,
-0.039175063371658325,
-0.30716097354888916,
0.06839337944984436,
0.23108379542827606,
-0.22444036602973938,
-0.288998544216156,
-0.2923739552497864,
-0.29771560430526733,
0.32809725403785706,
-0.048012539744377136,
0.2235621064901352,
-0.22469213604927063,
0.15849129855632782,
0.6393122673034668,
0.33183181285858154,
-0.8393065333366394,
0.21045322716236115,
0.11011330783367157,
0.730078935623169,
-0.24618257582187653,
0.21352598071098328,
0.015607118606567383,
0.14638133347034454,
0.38535797595977783,
0.2960032820701599,
0.2875620424747467,
0.1589454710483551,
-1.094881296157837,
-0.6235368251800537,
-0.0457889623939991,
-0.13035359978675842,
0.9413853883743286,
-0.542842447757721,
0.2542358636856079,
-0.29535505175590515,
-0.06042845919728279,
-0.4763084650039673,
0.13960251212120056,
-0.0015763429692015052,
-0.5196412205696106,
-0.09470883756875992,
-0.15517683327198029,
0.1930372267961502,
0.4006446897983551,
-0.6586637496948242,
0.3294623792171478,
-0.14401689171791077,
0.33132731914520264,
0.6090795397758484,
-0.49013468623161316,
0.16071945428848267,
-0.26744988560676575,
0.12916533648967743,
0.04211767390370369,
0.23695941269397736,
0.2763027548789978,
-0.2162705510854721,
-0.5222623348236084,
0.5361804962158203,
0.44846147298812866,
-0.2662613093852997,
0.04162871837615967,
0.38775140047073364,
0.3024122714996338,
-0.11679092049598694,
0.18717405200004578,
0.02042492665350437,
-0.4644598662853241,
-0.007148742210119963,
0.21881155669689178,
0.03394804149866104,
-0.5617073178291321,
-0.697647213935852,
0.3284703195095062,
-0.29223760962486267,
-0.4761933386325836,
0.1516251266002655,
-0.4546710252761841,
0.1411893367767334,
0.26218223571777344,
-0.30907052755355835,
1.3973894119262695,
-0.8180360198020935,
-0.4036739468574524,
0.8587974309921265,
-0.44663313031196594,
0.27847975492477417,
-0.005261553451418877,
0.04952812194824219,
0.393141508102417,
-0.40838268399238586,
-0.8166055083274841,
0.30429428815841675,
0.21099428832530975,
0.32448700070381165,
-0.03636496141552925,
0.30657923221588135,
0.674033522605896,
-0.2700367569923401,
-0.03861752897500992,
-0.1748216450214386,
0.43547800183296204,
0.7531547546386719,
-0.7645584344863892,
0.3517861068248749,
0.23947669565677643,
-0.2877948582172394,
0.49967214465141296,
-0.6927683353424072,
-0.3240013122558594,
0.1945822536945343,
0.010822921060025692,
0.21760162711143494,
-0.33481815457344055,
0.23882175981998444,
0.6607605814933777,
-0.8811721801757812,
0.5383556485176086,
0.09969440847635269,
0.32164910435676575,
-0.03612681105732918,
-0.7957838177680969,
0.4785665273666382,
0.0965522974729538,
-0.32216423749923706,
-0.5262920260429382,
-0.5633442401885986,
0.09808436781167984,
0.05905885994434357,
0.2181796282529831,
0.27104267477989197,
0.0069825612008571625,
-0.2291409820318222,
-0.21119575202465057,
0.13406674563884735,
-0.31216734647750854,
0.2089286893606186,
-0.34780529141426086,
0.2923743724822998,
0.49752694368362427,
-0.5645030736923218,
0.46193259954452515,
-0.3632502257823944,
0.11025841534137726,
0.0981241837143898,
-0.16279208660125732,
-0.63304603099823,
-0.03560242801904678,
-0.08918169140815735,
-0.1373012512922287,
0.3644613027572632,
-0.22081875801086426,
-0.3307512104511261,
-0.3223390579223633,
0.2584593892097473,
0.03045918233692646,
0.4896315634250641,
0.36657100915908813,
0.23983964323997498,
0.16123147308826447,
-0.16168615221977234,
-0.23240220546722412,
-0.04305966943502426,
-0.04971696808934212,
0.5158103108406067,
-0.4745263159275055,
-0.04784760996699333,
-0.09422799944877625,
-0.11016565561294556,
0.5448636412620544,
-0.6103296875953674,
-0.3277028799057007,
-0.46744728088378906,
0.15433944761753082,
0.10312900692224503,
-0.36837321519851685,
0.17294155061244965,
-0.6717986464500427,
0.22603505849838257,
0.06265391409397125,
0.33025985956192017,
0.2855303883552551,
-0.23682257533073425,
-0.20855256915092468,
0.11448021233081818,
0.06339363008737564,
-0.46892639994621277,
-0.27717068791389465,
0.34847038984298706,
-0.6969815492630005,
-0.23126143217086792,
-0.026685023680329323,
0.3069208264350891,
0.0524604506790638,
0.43941426277160645,
-5.921417236328125,
-0.06726140528917313,
-0.5374622344970703,
-0.42185983061790466,
-0.044258709996938705,
0.15578240156173706,
0.4813024401664734,
-0.6035795211791992,
-0.4304291605949402,
-0.1478056162595749,
0.14915159344673157,
0.254808247089386,
0.2325744330883026,
-0.1484689712524414,
-0.12287335097789764,
-0.3130473792552948,
-0.09382709115743637,
0.2968461811542511,
0.09984411299228668,
0.3616695702075958,
0.18031546473503113,
0.07723116129636765,
0.12788720428943634,
0.5454042553901672,
-0.06151844188570976,
0.1932327300310135,
-0.05142838507890701,
-0.0679132342338562,
-0.31473618745803833,
0.04799751937389374,
0.25400516390800476,
-0.5475589632987976,
0.06655493378639221,
-0.3071555495262146,
-0.11264719814062119,
0.1055467277765274,
0.7676520943641663,
0.44854554533958435,
-0.4765632152557373,
-0.11352831870317459,
-0.6249263882637024,
0.186891570687294,
-0.37011805176734924,
-0.22286932170391083,
0.8850222229957581,
-0.31047895550727844,
0.013704253360629082,
-0.316424161195755,
-0.6683863997459412,
-0.02404726669192314,
0.13032156229019165,
-0.08582547307014465,
0.40849751234054565,
0.16899973154067993,
0.056797537952661514,
-0.350075364112854,
-0.22637832164764404,
0.1531844288110733,
-0.06020483747124672,
-0.08788157254457474,
0.45702114701271057,
-0.3375748097896576,
-0.09793955087661743,
-0.27418723702430725,
0.08485698699951172,
-0.057937879115343094,
-0.2893962264060974,
-0.8529512286186218,
0.5989866852760315,
-0.09363620728254318,
0.13960698246955872,
0.3518800139427185,
0.19758005440235138,
-0.5586727261543274,
0.3438167870044708,
-0.5679889917373657,
-0.14267921447753906,
-0.189845472574234,
0.04934843257069588,
0.5380107760429382,
-0.6383663415908813,
0.11601930111646652,
0.28488078713417053,
-0.3309726119041443,
0.47632962465286255,
-0.024753622710704803,
0.028887566179037094,
0.25781211256980896,
0.1589244157075882,
-0.06604591012001038,
0.7864725589752197,
-0.35696375370025635,
0.5712299942970276,
0.3549751043319702,
0.025621555745601654,
0.5752631425857544,
0.20204605162143707,
0.0033308870624750853,
0.6188074946403503,
-0.3780289888381958,
0.0035890124272555113,
-0.069318026304245,
0.23889556527137756,
-0.5641570091247559,
0.12740005552768707,
-0.03947504609823227,
-0.3819018006324768,
0.9826744198799133,
0.4755343198776245,
-0.19980382919311523,
0.1902277171611786,
-0.004554374609142542,
0.1020030602812767,
-0.6972019672393799,
0.15223819017410278,
-0.25744864344596863,
-0.0747414082288742,
0.9901717901229858,
0.5607529282569885,
0.07499319314956665,
-0.3131299912929535,
0.3848924934864044,
-0.3344334661960602,
0.25443434715270996,
0.4056154787540436,
-0.5899671316146851,
-0.22669105231761932,
0.16562585532665253,
0.5264542698860168,
-0.44411733746528625,
0.5848738551139832,
0.7894650101661682,
0.1696009635925293,
0.29346123337745667,
0.05400310829281807,
-0.2670210003852844,
-0.37264156341552734,
-0.4099838137626648,
0.08527272939682007,
-0.47234681248664856,
0.08602039515972137,
-0.20707212388515472,
-0.0709497258067131,
0.11043666303157806,
0.4750238358974457,
0.4451231062412262,
-0.3093980848789215,
0.19301512837409973,
-0.04396262392401695,
0.5271551012992859,
-0.2161574512720108,
-0.10480967164039612,
0.26478204131126404,
-0.5228601694107056,
0.17661884427070618,
-0.04301266744732857,
0.2662524878978729,
0.2782335877418518,
-0.29327571392059326,
-0.27488040924072266,
0.15437224507331848,
-0.4531114101409912,
-0.7099069356918335,
-0.3567923903465271,
-0.6620532870292664,
0.4150247871875763,
-0.30295082926750183,
-0.06365420669317245,
-0.10874330997467041,
0.5506144762039185,
-0.24371710419654846,
-0.5107116103172302,
-0.23982354998588562,
-0.3789792060852051,
0.5642580389976501,
0.027027873322367668,
-0.32592883706092834,
0.28414008021354675,
-0.24050459265708923,
0.10333878546953201,
0.09347132593393326,
-0.0037314684595912695,
-0.1076936349272728,
0.11638375371694565,
0.31839558482170105,
0.1158541813492775,
0.003874975722283125,
0.029391475021839142,
-0.21638895571231842,
-0.6574403643608093,
0.007233795709908009,
-0.2758729159832001,
0.35875043272972107,
0.08723986148834229,
-0.05919064208865166,
-0.4203201234340668,
-0.5442408919334412,
0.3172929584980011,
0.057038262486457825,
-0.03383902832865715,
0.5852970480918884,
0.21580387651920319,
-0.5144104361534119,
0.06089689955115318,
0.12726706266403198,
0.04542379826307297,
0.3153698444366455,
-0.2558227479457855,
-0.1076175794005394,
0.061109818518161774,
-0.41682347655296326,
-0.7443401217460632,
-0.546428382396698,
1.0509873628616333,
-0.26517900824546814,
-0.17429548501968384,
0.03855184093117714,
-0.6163583397865295,
-0.12319797277450562,
-0.02784488908946514,
-0.08318398892879486,
0.24074262380599976,
-0.42128390073776245,
0.14465734362602234,
-0.4744132161140442,
0.5877854824066162,
0.13480086624622345,
-0.8005504012107849,
0.7446326613426208,
0.24991634488105774,
-0.12384562939405441,
0.0795634537935257,
-0.2822582721710205,
-0.160560742020607,
0.03217105194926262,
-0.5346546173095703,
0.743828296661377,
-0.17161673307418823,
-0.24105960130691528,
0.2282620370388031,
-0.16543926298618317,
0.9694219827651978,
0.3641814887523651,
-0.3554864525794983,
-0.20271430909633636,
-0.04504482448101044,
0.30267664790153503,
-0.5931152701377869,
-0.21715551614761353,
0.07732949405908585,
0.05205419287085533,
-0.08247304707765579,
-0.3104201853275299,
-0.10548299551010132,
0.3981122672557831,
-0.05990730971097946,
-0.42794069647789,
-0.4696122705936432,
0.2802220582962036,
0.5122555494308472,
0.04252259060740471,
-0.41068166494369507,
-0.3605021834373474,
-0.6202252507209778,
0.5805851221084595,
-0.2828983664512634,
-0.2031022012233734,
0.16296015679836273,
-0.03582705557346344,
-0.35463112592697144,
-0.06236189603805542,
0.33526811003685,
0.7789410948753357,
0.7451159954071045,
0.6829624176025391,
-0.013760802336037159,
0.05669064819812775,
-0.1349216252565384,
-0.34087759256362915,
0.1694004237651825,
0.13895830512046814,
0.03660513088107109,
0.03192364051938057,
-0.7762288451194763,
0.9373190402984619,
-1.0945358276367188,
0.7590490579605103,
0.021471677348017693,
-0.476092129945755,
-0.14443126320838928,
-0.16772381961345673,
0.27303001284599304,
0.0745561420917511,
0.9426603317260742,
-0.1292569488286972,
0.5468087792396545,
0.011990520171821117,
0.44181200861930847,
-0.05035063251852989,
0.29423171281814575,
-0.23683924973011017,
0.44183430075645447,
-0.5097074508666992,
-0.9697715640068054,
0.20171323418617249,
-0.587870180606842,
-0.16229841113090515,
-0.5096782445907593,
0.015640947967767715,
0.07967428117990494,
0.06605072319507599,
-0.2738477289676666,
0.4361097812652588,
0.40386104583740234,
-0.46892595291137695,
0.08082027733325958,
0.21571920812129974,
-0.5940670371055603,
0.28580793738365173,
-0.23766279220581055,
0.2965826690196991,
0.49347972869873047,
0.38530436158180237,
-0.13439719378948212,
0.3361920416355133,
0.12687022984027863,
-0.07625914365053177,
-0.1179017573595047,
0.3399118185043335,
-0.1980385035276413,
0.769989550113678,
0.1094602569937706,
-0.2373037040233612,
0.30715373158454895,
-0.21008111536502838,
-0.5666924715042114,
0.2984643876552582,
-0.4161859452724457,
-0.5276054739952087,
0.6913859844207764,
0.6423401236534119,
0.18221606314182281,
-0.05707849934697151,
0.29659736156463623,
-0.13279873132705688,
0.48236411809921265,
0.5586020946502686,
0.38214606046676636,
-0.0749317929148674,
0.3699512779712677,
0.43447238206863403,
-0.24238838255405426,
-0.2649269998073578,
0.315974622964859,
0.5649842023849487,
-0.5024137496948242,
0.09363795816898346,
-0.17804864048957825,
-0.31335118412971497,
-0.5492260456085205,
-0.11018378287553787,
0.3756345808506012,
0.4946208894252777,
0.23191605508327484,
0.5943012237548828,
0.300902396440506,
0.05719979852437973,
-0.48855262994766235,
-0.06673967838287354,
0.029634622856974602,
0.20939770340919495,
0.1784612089395523,
-0.34040114283561707,
0.2022705078125,
0.06684526056051254,
-0.45043474435806274,
0.3322431147098541,
0.6841216683387756,
-0.022194601595401764,
-0.49121662974357605,
-0.2098834216594696,
-0.10515814274549484,
0.1124519407749176,
-0.7882594466209412,
0.4089713990688324,
-0.04892546683549881,
-0.23679609596729279,
0.2230498492717743,
0.19527514278888702,
0.3448534309864044,
0.4442947506904602,
-0.08937089145183563,
0.01602662354707718,
-0.07270385324954987,
0.390388548374176,
-0.10704480856657028,
0.3372980058193207,
0.747098982334137,
-0.0932498574256897,
-0.04139275103807449,
-0.11072002351284027,
0.17405419051647186,
-0.2595619261264801,
-0.3252973258495331,
-0.6788579821586609,
0.14492076635360718,
-0.5076923370361328,
-0.4468930959701538,
-0.5177650451660156,
0.7059616446495056,
0.7169800996780396,
-0.42455241084098816,
-0.10958679020404816,
0.20235729217529297,
-0.1784382313489914,
0.3831122815608978,
0.6296709179878235,
-0.7807977795600891,
-0.004328730516135693,
-0.704586923122406,
0.47664254903793335,
-0.5019081830978394,
0.3408451974391937,
0.6974664330482483,
-0.6962959170341492,
-0.10622981935739517,
0.5583009719848633,
-0.554731547832489,
-0.10780920088291168,
0.32586511969566345,
-0.44731003046035767,
0.05259424448013306,
-0.07337423413991928,
-0.048292919993400574,
-0.2864685654640198,
-0.19556783139705658,
0.4509291350841522,
0.129648819565773,
0.10862589627504349,
-0.21117256581783295,
0.0983809232711792,
-0.11746310442686081,
-0.14032430946826935,
-0.4044475555419922,
0.19541247189044952,
0.1431206613779068,
-0.5444326400756836,
-0.056661441922187805,
-0.2874201238155365,
0.36903876066207886,
-0.057197511196136475,
-0.022959928959608078,
0.44975581765174866,
0.062906913459301,
0.015068961307406425,
0.2652265131473541,
0.21838031709194183,
-0.46861687302589417,
-0.4612789452075958,
-0.002638882026076317
]
|
123444 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Pierre%2C%20Montana | St. Pierre, Montana | St. Pierre is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States, within the Rocky Boy Indian Reservation. The population of St. Pierre was 350 at the 2010 census, up from 289 in 2000.
Geography
St. Pierre is located in southeastern Hill County at (48.234885, -109.823352), on the northwestern edge of the Bears Paw Mountains. It is bordered to the south and west by Chouteau County, to the north by Sangrey, and to the east by Rocky Boy's Agency. It is south of Havre, the Hill County seat, and southeast of Box Elder.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the St. Pierre CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 289 people, 76 households, and 69 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 35.8 people per square mile (13.8/km). There were 80 housing units at an average density of 9.9/sq mi (3.8/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 1.73% White, 0.35% African American, 97.58% Native American, and 0.35% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.35% of the population.
There were 76 households, out of which 52.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 25.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 9.2% were non-families. 9.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.80 and the average family size was 3.91.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 38.8% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 19.0% from 45 to 64, and 6.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.4 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $40,750, and the median income for a family was $26,875. Males had a median income of $27,083 versus $26,917 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $9,437. About 28.4% of families and 28.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.8% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.20378752052783966,
0.4837490916252136,
0.0786312073469162,
-0.2425023913383484,
0.029733266681432724,
0.544975221157074,
1.0245219469070435,
0.40626272559165955,
-0.4957496225833893,
-0.7608259916305542,
0.09843887388706207,
0.09558772295713425,
-0.09870794415473938,
0.48277047276496887,
0.1083550751209259,
0.45887285470962524,
0.6551132202148438,
0.6957827806472778,
0.5115406513214111,
-0.5711860060691833,
-0.45806559920310974,
-0.2284107357263565,
0.11459686607122421,
0.3086951673030853,
0.2952680289745331,
0.8044491410255432,
0.1422455757856369,
0.01726837456226349,
-0.09801626950502396,
0.11376785486936569,
-0.0005626882775686681,
0.461897075176239,
0.11315155774354935,
-0.08357107639312744,
-0.5887244343757629,
-0.1402149498462677,
0.49635183811187744,
-0.03880138322710991,
-0.31739893555641174,
-0.16532745957374573,
0.02512909658253193,
-0.4327446222305298,
0.26938870549201965,
0.1369113028049469,
-0.08920370787382126,
-0.07911773025989532,
-1.3890918493270874,
-0.14074786007404327,
-0.8525571227073669,
0.15710094571113586,
-0.3621761202812195,
-0.4036014974117279,
-0.004245562944561243,
0.16011115908622742,
-0.23996727168560028,
0.20541690289974213,
-0.9956972002983093,
0.4354841411113739,
0.4224074184894562,
0.05083557963371277,
-0.23487700521945953,
0.5040884613990784,
-0.10970518738031387,
0.3489556908607483,
-0.25813278555870056,
0.08034613728523254,
-0.03409165143966675,
0.2661602199077606,
-0.3483090102672577,
-0.31310656666755676,
-0.003391427220776677,
-0.1056300550699234,
-0.08072300255298615,
-0.04240495339035988,
0.30728769302368164,
0.17269498109817505,
-0.6750588417053223,
0.04343927651643753,
0.10616017132997513,
-0.1435348242521286,
0.4455987215042114,
0.2472076117992401,
0.35110288858413696,
-0.1750968098640442,
0.0945330411195755,
0.39132004976272583,
-0.13415803015232086,
-0.26760342717170715,
-0.10300421714782715,
0.9435475468635559,
-0.8764433264732361,
-0.20687158405780792,
0.0018109020311385393,
-0.22983694076538086,
0.3626972436904907,
-0.0042834170162677765,
-0.05600443482398987,
0.5664862990379333,
0.09265665709972382,
-0.038070693612098694,
-0.2972344160079956,
-0.36703917384147644,
0.2657666802406311,
0.32945123314857483,
-0.28057339787483215,
-0.7503311038017273,
-0.5247477293014526,
0.10682936757802963,
0.059868235141038895,
-0.8539058566093445,
-0.32669875025749207,
-0.07672125101089478,
-0.22182855010032654,
0.06760422885417938,
-0.10317141562700272,
0.2880336344242096,
0.7725144028663635,
-0.77633136510849,
-0.24342738091945648,
-0.35939210653305054,
0.6825014352798462,
0.5438553094863892,
0.28096121549606323,
-0.28772085905075073,
-0.14488790929317474,
0.5754944086074829,
0.2532038390636444,
0.0367872379720211,
0.052074842154979706,
-0.18140055239200592,
-0.31158798933029175,
0.9717423319816589,
-0.28386005759239197,
-0.17384108901023865,
-0.3055807948112488,
-0.5041287541389465,
0.0851566344499588,
-0.14687171578407288,
-0.08958590775728226,
0.370078444480896,
-0.5641230940818787,
0.2508515417575836,
-0.8080846667289734,
-0.1936495304107666,
0.5765277147293091,
-0.04513517767190933,
-0.051067501306533813,
-0.4076521396636963,
0.4535711705684662,
0.04985194653272629,
0.04709095135331154,
0.4710906744003296,
-0.02271047793328762,
0.35569363832473755,
-0.21074524521827698,
0.1306457370519638,
0.7700818777084351,
0.23412294685840607,
0.2060328722000122,
0.789767861366272,
0.20048244297504425,
0.4156264364719391,
0.856513261795044,
-0.017190612852573395,
0.4548889100551605,
-0.6900670528411865,
0.1755809783935547,
-0.6017002463340759,
0.10959303379058838,
0.4735376834869385,
-0.14110860228538513,
0.39938101172447205,
0.08726546913385391,
0.4589308798313141,
-0.11342884600162506,
-0.5095710754394531,
0.21077629923820496,
0.46767187118530273,
-0.6663236021995544,
-0.6948202252388,
-0.37198522686958313,
0.66009920835495,
0.19818368554115295,
-0.2635612189769745,
-0.2681564390659332,
0.032205089926719666,
0.6834595203399658,
0.5771462321281433,
-0.0812285766005516,
-0.2229956090450287,
0.1769857257604599,
-0.5262914299964905,
0.26114794611930847,
-0.6043719053268433,
1.0745846033096313,
0.0750032588839531,
-0.07981046289205551,
0.14975513517856598,
-0.3135090470314026,
0.3972688913345337,
-0.4856162369251251,
-0.22028669714927673,
0.6517521142959595,
-0.24641267955303192,
-0.6443265676498413,
0.9421492218971252,
0.3303290605545044,
-0.24281154572963715,
0.38559046387672424,
0.6950329542160034,
0.1388506442308426,
-0.26879456639289856,
-0.29240885376930237,
0.771735429763794,
-0.32949113845825195,
-0.04664136841893196,
0.3309042453765869,
-0.39756593108177185,
0.20578382909297943,
-0.44851112365722656,
0.4183697998523712,
-0.14638100564479828,
0.4190692603588104,
0.20326727628707886,
-1.0571199655532837,
0.07207540422677994,
0.5999147295951843,
0.33551356196403503,
-0.4819810390472412,
-0.08469223976135254,
-0.009830146096646786,
-0.10340546816587448,
0.3509182631969452,
0.17469388246536255,
-0.3956032991409302,
0.411442369222641,
-0.040894001722335815,
-0.35767075419425964,
0.044136643409729004,
-0.27063918113708496,
0.06676068156957626,
0.273306280374527,
0.1671924889087677,
0.41988471150398254,
-0.007412223611027002,
0.6733473539352417,
0.68359375,
0.09043077379465103,
-0.28094616532325745,
-0.13376764953136444,
0.12655556201934814,
-0.37954819202423096,
-0.2613335847854614,
0.09726141393184662,
0.40060847997665405,
0.04292904958128929,
0.07432497292757034,
-0.3047732710838318,
-0.4601471424102783,
0.05023292452096939,
0.21082471311092377,
-0.32841405272483826,
0.25822028517723083,
0.35173436999320984,
-0.1891787052154541,
-0.6496214866638184,
0.15044958889484406,
-0.4725660979747772,
0.19917990267276764,
1.19589364528656,
-0.5780419111251831,
0.4453512132167816,
-0.5282325744628906,
-0.6115334033966064,
0.5235577821731567,
0.6566389799118042,
-0.06406202912330627,
0.312810480594635,
-0.07653408497571945,
0.12389011681079865,
0.16417840123176575,
0.7062335014343262,
-0.2815316915512085,
0.0266835018992424,
-0.23574857413768768,
-0.3110179901123047,
0.3441064953804016,
-0.5676161050796509,
-0.2304985672235489,
0.14447245001792908,
0.11851108819246292,
-0.18639512360095978,
-0.2808777093887329,
-0.6081199645996094,
-0.8863593339920044,
-0.09938952326774597,
0.10535543411970139,
-0.20665791630744934,
0.20519092679023743,
-0.3744666874408722,
-0.26961854100227356,
0.623115599155426,
0.07676584273576736,
0.35477203130722046,
0.5143839120864868,
-0.16632477939128876,
0.060995299369096756,
-0.3207021653652191,
-5.631816387176514,
0.16595543920993805,
0.34005776047706604,
-0.5830177664756775,
0.1140189841389656,
-0.7609782814979553,
0.26959556341171265,
-0.07445456832647324,
-0.017559600993990898,
0.1314474195241928,
-0.07343621551990509,
-0.043691907078027725,
-0.44411030411720276,
0.3281515836715698,
0.9031217098236084,
0.5615676045417786,
0.4153921604156494,
-0.16906115412712097,
0.14944465458393097,
-0.09211353957653046,
-0.13828684389591217,
-0.060496143996715546,
0.4028294086456299,
0.04542006924748421,
0.4593120515346527,
0.991495668888092,
-0.9024972915649414,
-0.13333922624588013,
-0.5106522440910339,
-0.09780944883823395,
-0.20436294376850128,
0.20859046280384064,
0.43321937322616577,
-0.6251175999641418,
-0.11189170181751251,
-0.2952814996242523,
0.36725887656211853,
-0.014137973077595234,
0.4595344364643097,
-0.3921792507171631,
0.2952941954135895,
0.11567748337984085,
-0.05487116798758507,
0.2690230906009674,
0.3362470269203186,
0.3029319643974304,
-0.2895325720310211,
0.14005769789218903,
-0.389464408159256,
0.48659747838974,
-0.19063381850719452,
0.1035822257399559,
0.6640428304672241,
-0.04319120571017265,
0.361739844083786,
-0.5823761820793152,
0.01476940605789423,
-0.09271729737520218,
-0.3480294942855835,
0.3564682900905609,
0.16700780391693115,
-0.20668715238571167,
0.01529734767973423,
0.0006791147170588374,
0.0028373892419040203,
-0.7088252305984497,
-0.29140207171440125,
0.31589528918266296,
0.09724844992160797,
-0.30799928307533264,
-0.38167741894721985,
0.052785724401474,
-0.1680334359407425,
-0.7771616578102112,
-0.3014526069164276,
-0.483163982629776,
-0.7717111110687256,
0.22235935926437378,
0.1996711790561676,
-0.21185065805912018,
-0.6043974161148071,
-0.15033529698848724,
0.5549415349960327,
0.7692146897315979,
0.3014553189277649,
0.36008647084236145,
-0.3055020868778229,
-0.1062149628996849,
-0.44391265511512756,
-0.6677254438400269,
0.4818767011165619,
-0.29199060797691345,
0.36732053756713867,
0.2609822750091553,
-0.5235157012939453,
0.19123220443725586,
1.2426968812942505,
-0.213205024600029,
-0.2779531180858612,
-0.6277751326560974,
0.11302299052476883,
0.36025622487068176,
0.19340291619300842,
-0.3424893021583557,
-0.5134049654006958,
-1.1711710691452026,
-0.15135127305984497,
0.5953150987625122,
0.4009610116481781,
0.03570857644081116,
0.005913494620472193,
-0.2880624830722809,
-0.5726785063743591,
0.06089331954717636,
0.2575607895851135,
0.1957559734582901,
-0.9515370726585388,
-0.4697100520133972,
0.29698655009269714,
0.24229796230793,
-0.19846341013908386,
0.04536370560526848,
-0.47947958111763,
0.6229307055473328,
0.24499115347862244,
-0.11688834428787231,
-0.23417551815509796,
-0.07712666690349579,
-0.8873459696769714,
0.45983758568763733,
0.0062159765511751175,
-0.06270792335271835,
0.089759960770607,
-0.4045414924621582,
0.18127623200416565,
0.1449628323316574,
-0.31227076053619385,
-0.5714949369430542,
0.4637048542499542,
0.07055885344743729,
-0.1202692911028862,
0.5350615382194519,
-0.5350945591926575,
1.344552755355835,
-0.18007440865039825,
1.0744718313217163,
0.34600141644477844,
-0.13592495024204254,
0.20527571439743042,
0.6200677156448364,
-0.2719852030277252,
-0.3434092700481415,
0.38840222358703613,
-0.291508287191391,
0.15297766029834747,
-0.1534814089536667,
0.2156262993812561,
0.18086624145507812,
-0.04790305718779564,
0.332460880279541,
0.46722590923309326,
-0.2949376404285431,
-0.36917516589164734,
0.7066850066184998,
0.29761213064193726,
-0.4810892939567566,
-0.10920708626508713,
-0.30232593417167664,
-0.6833541393280029,
0.3430531620979309,
0.313772588968277,
-0.24124759435653687,
-0.5642191171646118,
0.11097359657287598,
0.15799270570278168,
-0.5659777522087097,
-0.12864190340042114,
0.5178859829902649,
0.1017858162522316,
0.06755715608596802,
0.3829737901687622,
-0.40975043177604675,
0.164887934923172,
0.6901035904884338,
-0.15900330245494843,
-0.6972548365592957,
-0.07498946040868759,
-0.540125846862793,
-0.010436855256557465,
0.35714656114578247,
-0.07699131965637207,
-0.2938571870326996,
-0.12268444150686264,
0.38907867670059204,
0.060917388647794724,
-0.764340877532959,
0.21653997898101807,
0.24102731049060822,
0.20164854824543,
-0.10930845886468887,
-0.1233050748705864,
0.1004953682422638,
-0.12956100702285767,
0.6739917993545532,
0.1601162999868393,
-0.17390792071819305,
0.17657694220542908,
0.08234350383281708,
-0.22214210033416748,
-0.13664838671684265,
-0.16005142033100128,
0.04758046939969063,
0.7664202451705933,
1.0057456493377686,
-0.28822922706604004,
0.38703837990760803,
0.34659552574157715,
0.3617723882198334,
-0.8163707256317139,
-0.39041927456855774,
-0.16812719404697418,
0.18523447215557098,
-0.29457002878189087,
-0.4645284414291382,
0.22786769270896912,
0.8764036893844604,
0.20757617056369781,
0.30341586470603943,
0.07451766729354858,
-0.39681655168533325,
0.14664678275585175,
0.37614426016807556,
-0.2603205740451813,
0.1684517115354538,
0.22460134327411652,
-0.16248153150081635,
0.281601220369339,
0.1189410462975502,
0.5204248428344727,
-0.02515159547328949,
0.17463360726833344,
0.7941933274269104,
0.26003536581993103,
-0.597937822341919,
-0.509076714515686,
0.25610432028770447,
0.1348860263824463,
-0.3108752369880676,
-0.5752257108688354,
0.6505372524261475,
-0.35415148735046387,
-0.36492782831192017,
-0.2629634737968445,
-0.6090596914291382,
0.7454315423965454,
-0.06541319191455841,
-0.225542813539505,
0.8518170714378357,
-0.3710634112358093,
0.2720653712749481,
-0.07351523637771606,
-0.03595932200551033,
-0.11468858271837234,
0.8796374797821045,
0.014422276988625526,
0.1766010820865631,
-0.028086571022868156,
-0.5277140736579895,
-0.1417432427406311,
-0.19550655782222748,
0.14941129088401794,
-0.23332706093788147,
-0.41292235255241394,
-0.2818496525287628,
-0.13953867554664612,
0.08055058121681213,
-0.2835952043533325,
0.22292187809944153,
-0.5663232803344727,
-0.03244931995868683,
-0.20385482907295227,
0.23122043907642365,
0.336340069770813,
-0.4280741214752197,
0.4948432743549347,
-1.052094578742981,
-0.5376021862030029,
0.4377201795578003,
-0.5795793533325195,
0.19121897220611572,
-0.2955833077430725,
-0.2645067572593689,
0.171845942735672,
-0.5467919707298279,
-0.310934841632843,
-0.11048629134893417,
-0.05584169924259186,
0.08118920028209686,
-0.49407151341438293,
0.1210036650300026,
-0.8004615902900696,
0.4480587840080261,
0.31160518527030945,
-0.38512998819351196,
0.12430444359779358,
0.04444226995110512,
-0.014282284304499626,
-0.19024470448493958,
0.17368364334106445,
0.1993677318096161,
0.5439802408218384,
0.012324132025241852,
0.12932159006595612,
0.14148420095443726,
-1.2349674701690674,
0.6308177709579468,
-0.2538459599018097,
-0.5422658324241638,
-0.2734299600124359,
0.11714696139097214,
-0.48701414465904236,
-0.4817167818546295,
0.5287327766418457,
-0.07071958482265472,
0.20187094807624817,
0.5307021737098694,
-0.4309830367565155,
0.031036805361509323,
-0.021128611639142036,
0.04998106136918068,
-0.0639316588640213,
0.2101859748363495,
-1.022466778755188,
0.21817801892757416,
-0.8093863725662231,
-0.12004705518484116,
0.11741090565919876,
-0.5637292861938477,
-0.2127913534641266,
-0.041773002594709396,
0.3918803036212921,
0.7559820413589478,
-0.8303573131561279,
-0.13556300103664398,
0.1756143420934677,
-0.3466421365737915,
0.3290347754955292,
-0.30660516023635864,
0.050212666392326355,
0.20127296447753906,
0.04887249693274498,
-0.26694557070732117,
-0.6170183420181274,
0.2048470377922058,
-0.21716609597206116,
-0.01999114826321602,
0.5757392644882202,
-0.7515414953231812,
-0.3047969341278076,
-0.573849618434906,
-0.1726701408624649,
-0.7721446752548218,
0.10649953037500381,
0.25963157415390015,
0.1630176454782486,
-0.06808990985155106,
0.8077552318572998,
-0.6319416165351868,
-0.19604061543941498,
0.5087593197822571,
0.4135509133338928,
0.44720616936683655,
0.6839902997016907,
0.3606150150299072,
0.19897525012493134,
0.46244576573371887,
-0.1806628704071045,
-0.060461368411779404,
-0.08173152059316635,
-0.3612854480743408,
-0.10489606857299805,
0.010874730534851551,
-0.37191563844680786,
0.33783164620399475,
-0.16882607340812683,
-0.407571017742157,
0.4076003432273865,
0.4560650885105133,
-0.4539933204650879,
-0.4323049485683441,
0.13267463445663452,
-0.19877205789089203,
0.20524340867996216,
0.0440911203622818,
-0.12796957790851593,
0.20886503159999847,
0.30597227811813354,
0.4178653359413147,
0.41633689403533936,
0.5662949085235596,
0.4406207501888275,
0.07000952959060669,
0.4022083282470703,
-0.17626163363456726,
0.9155562520027161,
0.24838201701641083,
-0.057624924927949905,
-0.2570074796676636,
-0.47804248332977295,
0.26884517073631287,
-0.422721803188324,
0.4169233441352844,
-0.35623958706855774,
0.4424949288368225,
-0.10656142234802246,
-0.19515693187713623,
0.1931760311126709,
-0.39119258522987366,
0.08090551197528839,
-0.03402339667081833,
-0.22868390381336212,
-0.8715990781784058,
0.35193875432014465,
0.4515707492828369,
-0.7129802703857422,
-0.7741448879241943,
-0.6301299929618835,
0.04477433115243912,
-0.7382537126541138,
0.01569150574505329,
0.04877316951751709,
-0.052949775010347366,
-0.03791734576225281,
0.8664517998695374,
-0.4022864103317261,
-0.691162645816803,
-0.03868529200553894,
0.4454130232334137,
0.2349407821893692,
-0.35590165853500366,
-0.30481794476509094,
-0.14837712049484253,
-0.049667734652757645,
0.16683684289455414,
-0.9372333288192749,
0.2797107994556427,
-0.7119503021240234,
-0.6942411661148071,
-0.6451395153999329,
-0.2504233419895172,
0.28877416253089905,
0.12873415648937225,
0.1985187977552414,
0.2861655056476593,
-0.27793508768081665,
-0.050808511674404144,
0.6474874019622803,
-0.41800984740257263,
0.5849677920341492,
0.2565572261810303
]
|
123445 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West%20Havre%2C%20Montana | West Havre, Montana | West Havre is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hill County, Montana, United States. The population was 316 at the 2010 census, up from 284 in 2000.
Geography
West Havre is located in eastern Hill County at (48.537996, -109.733872). It is bordered to the east by the city of Havre, and to the west by unincorporated Herron. U.S. Route 2 forms the northern edge of the West Havre CDP, leading east into Havre and west to Shelby. U.S. Route 87 has its northern terminus at US 2 at the northwest corner of West Havre, and leads southwest to Great Falls.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the West Havre CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 284 people, 100 households, and 79 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 151.4 people per square mile (58.3/km). There were 103 housing units at an average density of 54.9/sq mi (21.2/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 92.25% White, 1.41% Native American, 1.41% Asian, and 4.93% from two or more races.
There were 100 households, out of which 44.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.0% were married couples living together, 3.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.0% were non-families. 17.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.84 and the average family size was 3.24.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 31.7% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 31.0% from 45 to 64, and 6.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.2 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $56,375, and the median income for a family was $57,125. Males had a median income of $48,000 versus $19,519 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $24,823. None of the families and 2.0% of the population were living below the poverty line.
References
Census-designated places in Hill County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.26299160718917847,
0.4233119785785675,
0.2541353106498718,
-0.1044759452342987,
0.2821999490261078,
-0.21712429821491241,
0.528956413269043,
0.1611652672290802,
0.1539413332939148,
-0.23488883674144745,
-0.3641296327114105,
-0.16541823744773865,
-0.3080027997493744,
0.6451196074485779,
-1.0858314037322998,
0.4515443444252014,
0.07662055641412735,
0.9168437719345093,
0.49394702911376953,
-0.40185266733169556,
-0.15926431119441986,
-0.6035336852073669,
0.2917676866054535,
0.5856038331985474,
-0.03938797116279602,
0.4680386781692505,
0.5812188982963562,
0.16996686160564423,
-0.27589890360832214,
-0.08137994259595871,
0.0640021488070488,
0.6110970973968506,
-0.7554782629013062,
-0.20661087334156036,
-0.11469272524118423,
0.08857139199972153,
0.49996715784072876,
0.03433981165289879,
-0.007702521048486233,
-0.48392921686172485,
-0.13621248304843903,
-0.2073570191860199,
0.15375281870365143,
-0.2622442841529846,
0.46914827823638916,
-0.6422839164733887,
-1.2108287811279297,
0.4396853744983673,
-1.045608401298523,
-0.6905564665794373,
-0.9365226626396179,
-0.5898353457450867,
-0.01724131777882576,
0.15780355036258698,
0.7039721608161926,
0.44760799407958984,
-0.4646094739437103,
-0.13632036745548248,
0.5872989892959595,
0.17832982540130615,
-0.15612849593162537,
0.46237581968307495,
0.3354067802429199,
-0.011490334756672382,
0.2669447064399719,
-0.2211412787437439,
0.05326260253787041,
0.22732214629650116,
0.6576941609382629,
-0.8820009231567383,
0.23627960681915283,
0.3098180890083313,
-0.23665852844715118,
0.6601744890213013,
0.36230453848838806,
0.5404424071311951,
-0.5344886779785156,
-0.4118461608886719,
0.04832014814019203,
-0.23580043017864227,
0.01620418392121792,
0.1550484150648117,
0.047341711819171906,
-0.1570872962474823,
-0.03461098670959473,
-0.10286486148834229,
-0.43652278184890747,
-0.413432776927948,
-0.1308020055294037,
1.2850487232208252,
-0.23562632501125336,
-0.48755335807800293,
-0.04783884435892105,
-0.10965485125780106,
0.2561795711517334,
-0.6277966499328613,
-0.02702413499355316,
0.9875973463058472,
-0.3552637994289398,
0.22471868991851807,
-0.718664824962616,
0.26327741146087646,
1.036193609237671,
-0.5225845575332642,
-0.4102431833744049,
-0.7541369199752808,
-0.5547193884849548,
-0.14760950207710266,
0.13627102971076965,
-0.017675355076789856,
-0.2857266068458557,
0.3879207670688629,
0.4196281433105469,
0.02369055151939392,
-0.30428794026374817,
0.14034387469291687,
0.27025043964385986,
-0.48700150847435,
-0.3952609896659851,
-0.3001951277256012,
0.3845920264720917,
0.9578628540039062,
-0.2711368799209595,
-0.11705131828784943,
-0.1602248102426529,
0.2870696485042572,
0.8040910363197327,
-0.1001928523182869,
0.09797336906194687,
-0.2632990777492523,
-0.35950058698654175,
0.7673959136009216,
-0.12225872278213501,
0.6344887018203735,
-0.12366960197687149,
-0.22981765866279602,
-0.006390987895429134,
-0.4117887318134308,
-0.01452164351940155,
0.1355658918619156,
-0.08545911312103271,
0.08196619898080826,
-0.09934040904045105,
0.2505316138267517,
0.1367609202861786,
-0.01119871623814106,
0.053543820977211,
-0.7324755787849426,
-0.19251984357833862,
0.36426013708114624,
0.1532178670167923,
0.3348616063594818,
0.20154859125614166,
0.5854969620704651,
0.2679559290409088,
0.18937581777572632,
0.8048387765884399,
0.6507170796394348,
0.4211932122707367,
0.34319984912872314,
0.18988317251205444,
1.236006736755371,
0.827289342880249,
-0.30417945981025696,
0.47715863585472107,
-0.44849246740341187,
0.6547126770019531,
-0.24910371005535126,
0.061958473175764084,
0.2190030813217163,
-0.25045910477638245,
0.1987251192331314,
0.6556125283241272,
-0.17618967592716217,
0.4924968183040619,
-0.6682735681533813,
0.6964249610900879,
0.3703314960002899,
-0.28729161620140076,
0.009652339853346348,
-0.7300412654876709,
0.7734881639480591,
0.00039078929694369435,
-0.011638086289167404,
0.2861372232437134,
0.35995128750801086,
0.1323525458574295,
-0.009936073794960976,
-0.7176586389541626,
-1.0518641471862793,
-0.7169938683509827,
-1.3034688234329224,
0.7416813969612122,
-0.3135162591934204,
0.2833172678947449,
-0.015061793848872185,
0.03675670549273491,
0.3836178481578827,
-0.4253564774990082,
0.3374277353286743,
-0.5290433168411255,
-0.3279839754104614,
0.937864363193512,
-0.5849344730377197,
-0.20564934611320496,
0.407832533121109,
0.1820877641439438,
0.21414873003959656,
0.41756853461265564,
1.0340896844863892,
0.08202707022428513,
-0.4600074887275696,
-0.05906334146857262,
1.2303913831710815,
-0.6742461323738098,
0.0649128258228302,
-0.21104207634925842,
-0.006222759373486042,
0.5165958404541016,
-0.18038363754749298,
0.4463420808315277,
0.15513280034065247,
-0.0009482601890340447,
-0.20055346190929413,
-0.3510574400424957,
0.2957744002342224,
0.7483178973197937,
0.18466587364673615,
-0.41618725657463074,
0.27266794443130493,
0.3639509081840515,
-0.08480210602283478,
0.08746374398469925,
-0.36125093698501587,
-0.40297284722328186,
0.13790379464626312,
0.006355752237141132,
-0.32446470856666565,
0.5114165544509888,
-0.74100661277771,
-0.11032544076442719,
0.4302504062652588,
-0.056147437542676926,
0.28227898478507996,
0.11078807711601257,
0.8108106851577759,
0.07210183888673782,
0.27114686369895935,
-0.16774384677410126,
-0.2503405809402466,
0.2924559712409973,
0.32039883732795715,
0.41447049379348755,
-0.23352010548114777,
0.33257246017456055,
0.24608266353607178,
-0.30794066190719604,
-0.2515733242034912,
0.2816372513771057,
-0.12779907882213593,
0.17669735848903656,
0.36956074833869934,
-0.11233874410390854,
0.0059098065830767155,
0.4114153981208801,
-0.7569035887718201,
-0.1937197893857956,
-0.5803418755531311,
-0.12260586768388748,
0.9142169952392578,
0.05316834896802902,
-0.02635789103806019,
-0.08489304780960083,
0.6213865876197815,
0.6036953926086426,
0.15672530233860016,
-0.11158822476863861,
-0.49260061979293823,
-0.912691593170166,
-0.3666090965270996,
0.24523958563804626,
0.8816689252853394,
-0.25888708233833313,
-0.26291826367378235,
-0.03866273909807205,
-0.7163124680519104,
0.6809338331222534,
-0.22770512104034424,
-0.13376478850841522,
0.08671927452087402,
-0.05532214418053627,
-0.06916926801204681,
-0.1281314343214035,
0.18252524733543396,
-0.6354247331619263,
-0.09076549112796783,
0.2938704788684845,
0.03138769418001175,
0.45008766651153564,
-0.7872019410133362,
-0.26582881808280945,
0.20388513803482056,
-0.45052170753479004,
0.18726380169391632,
0.10266952961683273,
-0.4463278651237488,
0.0641351267695427,
-0.42402157187461853,
-4.757577419281006,
1.000291109085083,
-0.28581178188323975,
-0.350786954164505,
-0.241866335272789,
-0.4525723457336426,
0.1723146140575409,
-0.5758130550384521,
-0.07524000853300095,
0.28050941228866577,
0.2651790678501129,
-0.2928415834903717,
0.025984160602092743,
0.5861212015151978,
0.7944732308387756,
-0.02758031338453293,
0.6619254350662231,
-0.3499201238155365,
0.48838743567466736,
0.18348383903503418,
-0.2087176889181137,
0.22782379388809204,
0.050700828433036804,
0.07637542486190796,
0.8536339402198792,
0.01638045720756054,
-0.09707288444042206,
-0.11460983008146286,
-0.5467537641525269,
-0.24990330636501312,
0.3208465278148651,
0.26091310381889343,
-0.5952338576316833,
0.10187239199876785,
0.19668036699295044,
-0.2978336811065674,
0.4452943801879883,
-0.2982969284057617,
0.7823142409324646,
-0.3218013346195221,
0.9015052318572998,
0.8012734055519104,
-0.3210122585296631,
-0.2661820352077484,
0.38655370473861694,
0.04078163206577301,
-0.025395048782229424,
0.3191905915737152,
-0.1372627317905426,
0.808937132358551,
0.758752703666687,
0.15047897398471832,
0.5910882949829102,
0.22870224714279175,
0.6089588403701782,
-0.9969115257263184,
-0.09608066082000732,
0.14044257998466492,
-1.163825511932373,
0.7735955119132996,
0.02030661329627037,
-0.5683861374855042,
-0.010387687012553215,
-0.2014896720647812,
-0.16671302914619446,
-0.7546608448028564,
-0.16038013994693756,
0.27487391233444214,
0.4267546534538269,
0.061803366988897324,
-0.09569977223873138,
0.44041556119918823,
-0.7868140935897827,
-0.709937334060669,
0.2603791356086731,
-0.9736067056655884,
-0.167658731341362,
0.1545587182044983,
-0.7169970870018005,
-0.14117872714996338,
-0.15440025925636292,
-0.22801347076892853,
0.6239243149757385,
0.5761416554450989,
0.6703743934631348,
-0.6091014742851257,
0.07092836499214172,
-0.04079347848892212,
0.04674850404262543,
-0.7644267678260803,
0.6926700472831726,
-0.36543840169906616,
0.5207017064094543,
-0.16511793434619904,
-0.737748384475708,
-0.27517062425613403,
0.40564849972724915,
0.013285879977047443,
0.07323198020458221,
-0.6713841557502747,
0.5890099406242371,
-0.20721372961997986,
0.017572319135069847,
-0.14705272018909454,
-0.7209603786468506,
-0.7769753932952881,
0.2804047763347626,
0.439166784286499,
1.0166757106781006,
-0.7400035262107849,
-0.22339217364788055,
0.11387164145708084,
-0.36744260787963867,
0.059136874973773956,
0.1073329970240593,
0.10606009513139725,
-0.675807535648346,
-0.10048389434814453,
0.6016119122505188,
0.45236778259277344,
0.6043218970298767,
-0.6428971886634827,
-0.6412559747695923,
0.256542831659317,
-0.31333544850349426,
-0.40544456243515015,
0.24415899813175201,
-0.16859979927539825,
-0.2982371747493744,
0.6918278932571411,
0.12382669001817703,
0.058533020317554474,
-0.3603033721446991,
-0.18248067796230316,
-0.0402267687022686,
-0.007403969299048185,
-0.6856881380081177,
-0.6261745095252991,
0.06621810048818588,
0.4500448405742645,
0.4042680859565735,
0.37276506423950195,
-0.3439229130744934,
0.9998932480812073,
-0.5549647212028503,
0.4835604131221771,
-0.0036367583088576794,
-0.14192479848861694,
-0.9798859357833862,
0.32433053851127625,
-0.7401307225227356,
-0.08380511403083801,
-0.08754216134548187,
-0.3904944956302643,
0.5749142169952393,
0.08384650200605392,
-0.22610174119472504,
0.7833769917488098,
0.3478234112262726,
-0.49767109751701355,
0.16029591858386993,
-0.23156270384788513,
-0.518997311592102,
0.8440392017364502,
0.02191946469247341,
-0.29947611689567566,
-0.5294923186302185,
-0.1856473982334137,
-0.4145455062389374,
0.17895066738128662,
1.0938196182250977,
-0.5892005562782288,
-0.224763885140419,
-0.6950341463088989,
0.23262371122837067,
-0.11874368786811829,
-0.16611643135547638,
0.20125658810138702,
0.23300759494304657,
-0.5669432878494263,
0.00835664477199316,
-0.5111948847770691,
-0.07334653288125992,
-0.5154690742492676,
-0.1292186826467514,
-0.2053399235010147,
0.14912272989749908,
-0.6562451720237732,
-0.036175403743982315,
0.0742020532488823,
0.1104317158460617,
0.09977065026760101,
0.12336903065443039,
0.20584505796432495,
0.09396348893642426,
-1.0439773797988892,
0.24290063977241516,
0.5097429752349854,
-0.41855937242507935,
-0.5636857151985168,
0.10342057794332504,
0.6179164052009583,
0.06813253462314606,
0.14113079011440277,
0.06094751134514809,
-0.5677661299705505,
0.37423521280288696,
0.7111944556236267,
-0.6693781614303589,
0.6270530819892883,
-0.7596994638442993,
-0.5909083485603333,
0.7139526605606079,
0.3995036482810974,
0.09239289909601212,
0.6307120323181152,
0.5599537491798401,
0.15858671069145203,
-0.43005967140197754,
-0.28588438034057617,
-0.3836246728897095,
0.28159311413764954,
-0.47018638253211975,
-0.9884166717529297,
-0.6575183272361755,
0.04598194360733032,
0.18905432522296906,
-0.6703521013259888,
0.8816487789154053,
-1.01764714717865,
-0.039188310503959656,
-0.05327894166111946,
0.15754465758800507,
-0.012710129842162132,
0.8175269961357117,
0.2543887794017792,
-0.4637749493122101,
-0.05030159652233124,
0.5272762775421143,
-0.17378462851047516,
0.4737822711467743,
1.2439357042312622,
0.1661473661661148,
-0.4658084213733673,
-0.6502344608306885,
0.22430451214313507,
0.43707171082496643,
0.21901705861091614,
-1.3343607187271118,
0.9485127329826355,
0.4367070198059082,
-0.48419079184532166,
-0.5954686999320984,
0.1327783614397049,
1.0131782293319702,
-1.0312589406967163,
-0.4214123785495758,
0.8996748924255371,
-0.2100677788257599,
0.713197648525238,
0.2792614698410034,
-0.14774292707443237,
0.29121917486190796,
0.38829880952835083,
0.682650089263916,
-0.08435386419296265,
0.23729270696640015,
-0.7064491510391235,
0.18705807626247406,
-0.8014795184135437,
-0.019036725163459778,
-0.34694981575012207,
-0.03609037026762962,
-0.09950057417154312,
-0.24893873929977417,
-0.1495627611875534,
-0.06882636994123459,
-0.8692054152488708,
-0.7374914884567261,
-0.45194482803344727,
-0.4841005504131317,
-0.49958378076553345,
-0.1415833979845047,
-0.28659775853157043,
-0.10688543319702148,
-1.130576491355896,
-0.26601704955101013,
-0.24419084191322327,
-1.2722139358520508,
0.14086297154426575,
-0.35535138845443726,
-0.18289248645305634,
-0.22433537244796753,
-0.9137976765632629,
0.0986340269446373,
0.3268401622772217,
0.48465949296951294,
0.4215497374534607,
-0.47139766812324524,
0.19060145318508148,
-0.7430049777030945,
0.7480019330978394,
-0.4336705803871155,
-1.3211185932159424,
0.08994654566049576,
-0.1396225392818451,
-0.5993897318840027,
-0.3121051490306854,
0.6272408962249756,
0.5966941714286804,
0.3741237223148346,
0.049701910465955734,
0.3088594675064087,
0.4871825575828552,
-0.8189623951911926,
0.32160183787345886,
0.33681797981262207,
-0.3141666650772095,
-0.2675856053829193,
0.5354682207107544,
-0.4544617235660553,
0.06706523895263672,
1.0124963521957397,
0.608684778213501,
-0.4735027253627777,
1.1703665256500244,
-0.05244316905736923,
0.6266564726829529,
0.09226255863904953,
0.30443599820137024,
-0.43902939558029175,
-0.9482018947601318,
-0.7030705213546753,
0.351369172334671,
-1.1035265922546387,
-0.13648800551891327,
-0.009877139702439308,
-0.43959352374076843,
-0.3755123019218445,
0.04384668543934822,
-0.259795218706131,
0.15220601856708527,
0.29173025488853455,
0.23491208255290985,
0.27912694215774536,
-0.5450678467750549,
0.10710767656564713,
-0.15421698987483978,
0.013560242019593716,
-0.5225803852081299,
0.2986433207988739,
-0.7106975317001343,
-0.15810315310955048,
-0.8657887578010559,
-0.32329970598220825,
0.02152051404118538,
0.2971286177635193,
-0.4444084167480469,
-0.8369848728179932,
0.4586744010448456,
-0.03878408670425415,
-1.076082468032837,
0.7726652026176453,
-0.07741985470056534,
0.26954126358032227,
-0.6389504671096802,
0.5651190876960754,
-0.5225589871406555,
-0.32741791009902954,
0.9325768947601318,
0.5855697989463806,
0.7381322383880615,
0.1880073845386505,
0.7432805299758911,
0.14871466159820557,
0.3872714936733246,
0.29921406507492065,
0.19268709421157837,
-0.16819849610328674,
-0.043191514909267426,
-0.5814689993858337,
0.5947868824005127,
-0.09123696386814117,
-0.336576908826828,
-0.2475092113018036,
-0.7876029014587402,
0.22098730504512787,
0.07886432111263275,
0.026028752326965332,
-1.037227988243103,
0.30736789107322693,
-0.3024984300136566,
-0.4863477051258087,
-0.505433976650238,
-0.20636187493801117,
0.011222325265407562,
0.14047709107398987,
0.4792696535587311,
0.9179701805114746,
0.160465270280838,
0.24555045366287231,
0.12446297705173492,
0.2731201946735382,
-0.33865272998809814,
0.27692145109176636,
0.46113911271095276,
-0.35004815459251404,
0.6341038346290588,
-0.35747137665748596,
0.6959967613220215,
-0.34900951385498047,
0.5540097951889038,
-0.16907168924808502,
0.5689935684204102,
0.028871241956949234,
-0.3561926484107971,
0.8039167523384094,
-0.2211400866508484,
-0.16833555698394775,
-0.32684972882270813,
0.011517256498336792,
-0.7292951941490173,
0.6234215497970581,
0.4264333248138428,
-0.36338457465171814,
-0.39982184767723083,
-0.12061404436826706,
0.08107773959636688,
-0.9171376824378967,
0.7341928482055664,
0.0010032980935648084,
-0.8169286251068115,
-0.6428558230400085,
0.5630279183387756,
-0.2504724860191345,
-0.891488790512085,
-0.46397051215171814,
0.775483250617981,
0.6381797790527344,
-0.18245506286621094,
-0.09623676538467407,
-0.05954805389046669,
-0.23553650081157684,
0.3805450201034546,
0.5506126284599304,
0.9168651103973389,
-0.9258724451065063,
-0.6546695828437805,
-0.9077745079994202,
0.6289541721343994,
-0.07314237207174301,
-0.30178317427635193,
0.008147841319441795,
-0.14727339148521423,
0.2601487636566162,
0.034462686628103256,
0.406349241733551,
-0.4778045415878296,
1.0822025537490845,
-0.1799478828907013
]
|
123446 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boulder%2C%20Montana | Boulder, Montana | Boulder is a town in and the county seat of Jefferson County, Montana, United States. It is on the north bank of the Boulder River between Butte and Helena, slightly east of the Continental Divide, at the intersection of Interstate 15 and Montana Highway 69. The population was 1,201 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Lewis and Clark and Jefferson counties; its population is 83,058 according to the 2020 Census.
Established in the 19th century as a stagecoach station, Boulder grew into a regional trading center for farmers, ranchers, and miners and, by the end of that century, home to state schools for the deaf, blind and developmentally disabled. In the 21st century, it is the center of government in Jefferson County, and institutions based in the town offer services for disabled adults and troubled youths. Its library system serves about 10,000 people, and its high school district covers more than 1,000 square miles (2,600 km²). Three buildings in Boulder are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
History
Named for the many large boulders in the vicinity, the town of Boulder Valley was established in the early 1860s as a stagecoach station on the route between Fort Benton and Virginia City. It later became a trading center for nearby agricultural areas and the Elkhorn, Comet, and Baltimore mining districts. The Great Northern Railway branch line from Helena to Butte reached Boulder in 1888. State schools for the deaf, blind, and developmentally disabled were established in the city in 1892. In 1897, the town's name was shortened to Boulder.
Geography and geology
Boulder lies at an elevation of above sea level along Interstate 15 at its intersection with Montana Highway 69, approximately north of Butte, and south of Helena. The town is on the north bank of the Boulder River, a tributary of the Jefferson River. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.
In the late Cretaceous Period (roughly 81 to 74 million years ago), molten rock (magma) rose to the Earth's surface in and near what later became Jefferson County and eventually formed an intrusive body of granitic rock up to thick and in diameter. This body, known as the Boulder Batholith, extends from Helena to Butte, and is the host rock for the many valuable ores mined in the region. As the granite cooled, it cracked, and hot solutions filled the cracks and formed mineral veins bearing gold and other metals. Millions of years later, weathering allowed gold in the veins to wash down to the gravels in the Boulder River valley. The Boulder mining district was essentially limited to placer mining of those gravels, because the source lodes were in other mining districts in the mountains.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,183 people, 514 households, and 298 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 565 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 93.6% White, 1.8% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 3.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.9% of the population.
There were 514 households, of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.8% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.0% were non-families. 37.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 2.79.
The median age in the city was 43.7 years. 18.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.5% were from 25 to 44; 34.8% were from 45 to 64; and 13.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.4% male and 47.6% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,300 people, 508 households, and 316 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,142.7 people per square mile (440.3/km2). There were 568 housing units at an average density of 499.3 per square mile (192.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 94.23% White, 0.23% African American, 2.31% Native American, 0.69% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 0.31% from other races, and 2.15% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.15% of the population.
There were 508 households, out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.6% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 3.04.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 30.8% from 25 to 44, 25.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 103.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $29,276, and the median income for a family was $37,411. Males had a median income of $26,985 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,657. About 10.7% of families and 15.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.7% of those under age 18 and 13.3% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
About 300 people are employed in Boulder at the Montana Developmental Center, a state institution for people with developmental disabilities. Another 100 or so people work for Alternative Youth Adventures (Youth Dynamics, Inc.), which provides residential services for troubled youth. In addition, Riverside Corrections, a state-run detention center for juvenile females, employs about 30 people.
Boulder and vicinity are home to commercial "health mines" for which it is claimed by testimonial that exposure to radon gas mitigates auto-immune diseases such as arthritis. Though contributing to the economy of the area by attracting tourists, the practice is controversial because of the "well-documented ill effects of high-dose radiation on the body."
Arts and culture
Boulder Community Library is the center of a library system serving about 10,000 people in Jefferson County, Montana. In 2005, it had about 39,000 books and serial volumes in its collection, 85 subscriptions, 3,200 videos, 1,500 audio materials, and 21 Internet terminals.
Boulder has three buildings on the National Register of Historic Places. The Jefferson County Courthouse, on Centennial Avenue, was added in 1980. The Montana Deaf and Dumb Asylum, also known as the Old Administration Building, off Montana Highway 69 (formerly Montana Secondary Highway 281) near Boulder, was added in 1985. The Boulder Hot Springs Hotel, southeast of Boulder on Montana Highway 69, was added in 1979.
Two weekly newspapers, The Boulder Monitor and The Jefferson County Courier are published in Boulder. A low-power radio station, KEME, 106.3 FM, owned by Jefferson County Disaster and Emergency Services, broadcasts from Boulder. A licensed FM radio translator, K296AN, owned by the Boulder TV Association, also broadcasts from Boulder.
Boulder's Elkhorn Treatment Center, which operates under the Montana Department of Corrections, is known for its work with women battling methamphetamine addiction.
Climate
The average temperature in January is , and in July it is . Annual snowfall averages .
Education
Jefferson High School in Boulder is part of Jefferson High School District #1, covering about in the northern half of Jefferson County. The district, based in Boulder, draws students from Basin, Clancy, Jefferson City and Montana City in addition to Boulder. About 280 students in grades 9 through 12 enrolled at the high school in 2007. The school had about 20 teachers and a student-teacher ratio of about 14 to 1. The district also serves students in Basin Elementary District 5, Boulder Elementary District 7, Clancy Elementary District 1, and Montana City Elementary District 27.
The town is served by Boulder Community Library.
See also
List of cities and towns in Montana
References
External links
Boulder Area Chamber of Commerce
Jefferson County Government
Towns in Jefferson County, Montana
County seats in Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area | [
-0.29522526264190674,
1.018883228302002,
0.07025068253278732,
-0.1130635067820549,
0.4981462061405182,
0.37383484840393066,
0.6930864453315735,
0.832240641117096,
-0.1216377317905426,
0.3378770053386688,
-0.3985729515552521,
0.10232970863580704,
-0.5578060746192932,
0.6943554878234863,
-0.26426294445991516,
0.09407921880483627,
0.2949541509151459,
0.4955339729785919,
0.47018173336982727,
0.2037847340106964,
0.11593523621559143,
-0.7685204148292542,
0.43584251403808594,
0.3716430068016052,
-0.029949450865387917,
0.561511218547821,
0.1299188882112503,
0.13972555100917816,
-0.11952489614486694,
-0.05843308940529823,
-0.5428659915924072,
0.47280436754226685,
-0.6698753237724304,
0.10006360709667206,
-0.10024431347846985,
0.04366343840956688,
0.5442322492599487,
0.47301414608955383,
0.4556802213191986,
0.085277259349823,
0.3272484838962555,
-0.4678819477558136,
-0.1364210993051529,
-0.37851545214653015,
-0.1362162083387375,
-0.8840553760528564,
-1.4532428979873657,
0.4767742455005646,
-0.9971213340759277,
-0.694688618183136,
-0.7843292951583862,
0.17676156759262085,
-0.37000414729118347,
0.1739169806241989,
0.8214755654335022,
0.4724615514278412,
-0.29406020045280457,
0.12556128203868866,
0.24300943315029144,
0.3400632441043854,
-0.6701512932777405,
0.4060150980949402,
0.058267708867788315,
-0.06149827316403389,
-0.33748558163642883,
-0.3756023645401001,
0.2763161361217499,
0.20989185571670532,
0.2801620662212372,
-0.8756167888641357,
-0.010704630054533482,
0.13376623392105103,
-0.5458070635795593,
0.3664756119251251,
0.16583505272865295,
0.41497135162353516,
-0.5801027417182922,
-0.18203407526016235,
-0.18386362493038177,
-0.11860771477222443,
0.19423192739486694,
0.06675385683774948,
0.7764608860015869,
-0.2290532886981964,
0.27468162775039673,
-0.12289924174547195,
-0.7248659729957581,
0.3104357421398163,
0.2632097899913788,
0.6945206522941589,
-0.7731189131736755,
0.17719703912734985,
0.22346743941307068,
0.025633513927459717,
0.34282252192497253,
-0.7164833545684814,
0.20297114551067352,
0.6896563768386841,
-0.08369319140911102,
-0.12169338017702103,
-0.3049629330635071,
-0.13652579486370087,
0.735836386680603,
-0.30078503489494324,
-0.5849893093109131,
-0.12348051369190216,
-0.4843946695327759,
-0.24353359639644623,
0.2306331992149353,
0.28671005368232727,
-0.1527252495288849,
0.11756964772939682,
0.3230757415294647,
-0.687248945236206,
-0.479748010635376,
-0.3982948660850525,
0.3782717287540436,
-0.09468495845794678,
-0.28380006551742554,
-0.18351705372333527,
0.20839627087116241,
0.48563727736473083,
-0.6044772863388062,
0.563613772392273,
-0.079258494079113,
0.3903708755970001,
0.39534011483192444,
0.14700153470039368,
0.11266469955444336,
0.08422736823558807,
-0.8862048983573914,
0.288085013628006,
-0.037048470228910446,
0.42393895983695984,
0.007772818207740784,
-0.7162663340568542,
-0.34583136439323425,
-0.6749092936515808,
0.7883269190788269,
-0.029422951862215996,
-0.30427443981170654,
0.08089609444141388,
0.018590958788990974,
0.2915414571762085,
0.5008324980735779,
-0.21373113989830017,
-0.19033382833003998,
-0.8757623434066772,
0.2810511589050293,
-0.010031151585280895,
0.0031010068487375975,
0.3818015158176422,
0.16697390377521515,
1.036838412284851,
0.13681943714618683,
0.6382254958152771,
0.7250637412071228,
0.4057750105857849,
0.36743196845054626,
0.6396405696868896,
-0.1842239648103714,
1.2389038801193237,
0.8064073324203491,
-0.09166105091571808,
0.4321345090866089,
-0.43619397282600403,
0.7379271984100342,
-0.28833726048469543,
0.16493062674999237,
0.13831713795661926,
-0.5574009418487549,
0.6386255621910095,
0.6836708784103394,
0.3785247802734375,
0.05263829976320267,
-0.45928579568862915,
0.8083827495574951,
0.5708774924278259,
-0.08535602688789368,
0.203440323472023,
-0.835981547832489,
0.32939237356185913,
-0.259166955947876,
0.1852567046880722,
0.34555572271347046,
0.03247272968292236,
0.1003580093383789,
-0.25244393944740295,
-0.3111576437950134,
-1.3018914461135864,
-0.703363835811615,
-0.49202650785446167,
-0.15574771165847778,
-0.21728545427322388,
0.4950927495956421,
-0.3905718922615051,
-0.2665833532810211,
0.18575675785541534,
0.09490122646093369,
0.3962714672088623,
-0.16354866325855255,
-0.008594630286097527,
0.47380560636520386,
-0.8339057564735413,
-0.07951860129833221,
0.27243325114250183,
0.1892075538635254,
0.02210523746907711,
0.4671313762664795,
0.7475230097770691,
0.07556287199258804,
-0.537847638130188,
-0.1755916029214859,
0.7546669244766235,
-1.0369261503219604,
-0.01029508002102375,
-0.3357199728488922,
-0.25414347648620605,
0.5888557434082031,
0.14267529547214508,
0.7803106307983398,
0.1630871593952179,
0.09737426042556763,
-0.031861912459135056,
-0.5599499344825745,
0.3581094741821289,
0.36048391461372375,
-0.24357017874717712,
-0.33124837279319763,
0.5062448382377625,
0.14291846752166748,
-0.2114974558353424,
0.19072754681110382,
-0.2895471751689911,
-0.13331930339336395,
-0.005741539411246777,
-0.21919119358062744,
-0.1434241384267807,
0.3950658142566681,
-0.7058117985725403,
-0.12532249093055725,
0.23111289739608765,
-0.0239275936037302,
0.34172990918159485,
-0.025253519415855408,
0.5967723727226257,
-0.024297356605529785,
-0.10404263436794281,
-0.3180451989173889,
0.1041908711194992,
-0.17489035427570343,
-0.08672120422124863,
0.06725049763917923,
0.06732317805290222,
0.15050773322582245,
-0.05843319743871689,
-0.27881988883018494,
0.038793034851551056,
0.5499045848846436,
0.262928307056427,
-0.17469748854637146,
-0.010303191840648651,
-0.13350620865821838,
0.17031197249889374,
0.19902123510837555,
-0.18524032831192017,
-0.06807555258274078,
-0.535502016544342,
-0.3769906163215637,
0.9803037643432617,
0.1925370842218399,
-0.003531243884935975,
-0.03870531916618347,
0.5170549750328064,
0.8385987877845764,
-0.006689037661999464,
-0.38139671087265015,
-0.2485767900943756,
-1.440476417541504,
-0.27142831683158875,
0.2172970175743103,
0.8833276033401489,
-0.3754904270172119,
-0.2758513391017914,
-0.07097583264112473,
-0.5768622756004333,
0.5191906690597534,
-0.5777605175971985,
-0.5022292733192444,
-0.38670769333839417,
-0.3804314136505127,
-0.4005647897720337,
-0.030530830845236778,
0.008852149359881878,
-0.5560007691383362,
0.3558291792869568,
0.49753496050834656,
0.21403002738952637,
0.6118823289871216,
-0.6336254477500916,
-0.1386422961950302,
0.5095903873443604,
-0.508521556854248,
0.2896665930747986,
0.4435802102088928,
-0.5817325711250305,
0.22998012602329254,
-0.7669485807418823,
-4.7791829109191895,
0.3990113437175751,
-0.5182577967643738,
-0.8228291273117065,
0.38649818301200867,
-0.602343738079071,
-0.11841137707233429,
-0.43595418334007263,
0.08492933958768845,
0.5224213600158691,
-0.030057551339268684,
0.07558662444353104,
-0.38015130162239075,
0.9640982151031494,
0.5680707097053528,
0.20597369968891144,
1.1700221300125122,
-0.30677103996276855,
0.6715779900550842,
0.7419401407241821,
-0.19585902988910675,
0.1669079065322876,
-0.40033483505249023,
0.20588847994804382,
0.7861649394035339,
0.9747452139854431,
-0.0866912379860878,
-0.17143285274505615,
-0.13837119936943054,
-0.05507258325815201,
0.025596700608730316,
0.028931081295013428,
-1.1030789613723755,
-0.18582125008106232,
-0.009668721817433834,
0.06728587299585342,
0.28068864345550537,
-0.6721652746200562,
0.6120732426643372,
-0.16608518362045288,
0.5765831470489502,
0.11382115632295609,
-0.336180716753006,
-0.4787292182445526,
0.5716485381126404,
-0.37134426832199097,
-0.35786324739456177,
-0.11827348917722702,
-0.5060703754425049,
0.8913645148277283,
0.5585642457008362,
0.1609928011894226,
0.9170421361923218,
-0.020265774801373482,
0.7047258019447327,
-0.22028815746307373,
-0.14304940402507782,
0.429175466299057,
-0.6120562553405762,
0.7822346687316895,
0.22417324781417847,
-0.3264760971069336,
-0.35844045877456665,
0.5164287686347961,
-0.14989039301872253,
-0.5486013293266296,
0.26357778906822205,
0.6129802465438843,
0.2942277491092682,
-0.15598206222057343,
-0.16059081256389618,
0.5148094296455383,
-0.7206095457077026,
-0.5640612244606018,
0.26037850975990295,
-0.8879609704017639,
-0.1475488245487213,
-0.19124335050582886,
-0.8607318997383118,
0.11825830489397049,
-0.36827030777931213,
-0.07850705832242966,
1.0455292463302612,
0.11354108154773712,
0.30540722608566284,
-0.302527517080307,
-0.1094091609120369,
0.4094506800174713,
0.16962997615337372,
-1.0286505222320557,
0.6831969022750854,
-0.07738914340734482,
0.840378999710083,
0.07206856459379196,
-0.2761767506599426,
0.012895893305540085,
0.3864000737667084,
-0.16408222913742065,
-0.14528588950634003,
-0.3716490566730499,
0.1921711266040802,
-0.3136761784553528,
0.027530111372470856,
-0.5812278985977173,
-0.6566875576972961,
-0.8711949586868286,
0.018069637939333916,
0.3993414640426636,
0.9265533089637756,
-0.7026622891426086,
-0.6737588047981262,
0.4060542583465576,
-0.3602391481399536,
-0.19923393428325653,
0.29202643036842346,
0.4092250466346741,
-0.030441932380199432,
-0.0007836394943296909,
0.17391139268875122,
0.4715099632740021,
-0.11849124729633331,
-0.2714877128601074,
0.04189303144812584,
-0.22871588170528412,
-0.2820560932159424,
-0.06483779847621918,
0.11006692051887512,
0.12215510755777359,
-0.030764643102884293,
0.1167663186788559,
0.024343382567167282,
0.0667257010936737,
-0.2880018353462219,
0.042554035782814026,
-0.6839298009872437,
-0.029214931651949883,
-0.4741193950176239,
-0.7296887636184692,
0.4144954979419708,
0.4252758324146271,
0.515751302242279,
0.32028424739837646,
-0.43831363320350647,
0.652738630771637,
-0.48396435379981995,
-0.027472008019685745,
0.02272035740315914,
-0.23550286889076233,
-0.7356281280517578,
0.3623829185962677,
-0.9753494262695312,
-0.2929012179374695,
-0.053777702152729034,
-0.43114686012268066,
0.4891025722026825,
0.35326388478279114,
0.04221273213624954,
0.6831173300743103,
0.24680623412132263,
-0.4023476839065552,
0.41319453716278076,
-0.4640706181526184,
-0.5773925185203552,
0.756340503692627,
0.1379934400320053,
-0.5432448983192444,
-0.04615452140569687,
0.028982097283005714,
-0.35921216011047363,
0.2418733537197113,
0.9471850395202637,
-0.4767276644706726,
-0.4530743658542633,
-0.3406880497932434,
0.18108873069286346,
-0.3650255501270294,
-0.17096355557441711,
0.14140893518924713,
0.08156727999448776,
-0.2987685203552246,
0.107199527323246,
-0.6692915558815002,
-0.8302280902862549,
-0.47994616627693176,
-0.23857957124710083,
-0.6431954503059387,
0.06650137156248093,
-0.30559873580932617,
0.5650860071182251,
0.1385815441608429,
-0.36825960874557495,
-0.5464028120040894,
0.24124334752559662,
-0.027535991743206978,
0.3978111743927002,
-0.8841113448143005,
0.40447041392326355,
-0.0531022772192955,
-0.5650589466094971,
-0.46787285804748535,
-0.31998226046562195,
0.4020080268383026,
-0.06238670274615288,
-0.0007423642673529685,
0.1392851173877716,
-0.9725338816642761,
0.5266069769859314,
0.5317233800888062,
-0.6823495030403137,
0.5181670784950256,
-0.39067429304122925,
-0.5614495277404785,
0.5744764804840088,
0.6496542096138,
-0.023698637261986732,
0.821394145488739,
0.4331244230270386,
0.33696848154067993,
-1.0949163436889648,
-0.13124898076057434,
-0.7241423726081848,
0.1568737030029297,
-0.3574705719947815,
-0.3907362222671509,
-0.2834804952144623,
-0.07535231858491898,
0.43515363335609436,
-0.23080873489379883,
1.0603511333465576,
-0.9423564672470093,
0.25106582045555115,
0.1927674412727356,
-0.14329028129577637,
0.5110281705856323,
0.8171621561050415,
0.49897706508636475,
-0.20641791820526123,
-0.0157955139875412,
-0.020843714475631714,
-0.5401906967163086,
-0.11591443419456482,
1.481234073638916,
0.4317100942134857,
-0.47520995140075684,
-0.7963579893112183,
-0.15618090331554413,
0.5391088724136353,
0.1766226440668106,
-1.383120059967041,
0.7935796976089478,
0.5018764138221741,
-0.5274661779403687,
-0.6214715242385864,
0.02819661796092987,
0.6484749913215637,
-0.579245388507843,
-0.6204397082328796,
0.950821042060852,
-0.06826282292604446,
0.18452531099319458,
0.5328109264373779,
-0.10032738745212555,
0.15051163733005524,
0.11086835712194443,
0.24531380832195282,
-0.05841951072216034,
-0.24908402562141418,
-0.5855231881141663,
0.289676696062088,
-1.2517715692520142,
-0.31494784355163574,
-0.300037145614624,
-0.11620773375034332,
-0.37398678064346313,
-0.4247555434703827,
0.34544381499290466,
-0.1384284496307373,
-0.583422839641571,
-0.8136733770370483,
0.1865285336971283,
-0.3759116232395172,
0.3333248496055603,
0.19486956298351288,
0.046967990696430206,
0.20934949815273285,
-0.8866782784461975,
-0.35915273427963257,
-0.028094736859202385,
-1.0469691753387451,
0.4824863076210022,
-0.6147357225418091,
0.44300758838653564,
-0.0458688884973526,
-1.2430219650268555,
0.002103630220517516,
0.25153428316116333,
0.45872795581817627,
0.5205414891242981,
-0.6745427250862122,
0.49567124247550964,
-0.423547625541687,
0.8308274149894714,
-0.3228589594364166,
-1.0636398792266846,
-0.07742985337972641,
-0.30089306831359863,
-0.7294479608535767,
-0.3461625576019287,
0.15921473503112793,
0.5013623237609863,
0.16197526454925537,
-0.1653118133544922,
-0.04071022570133209,
0.5241276621818542,
-0.7443560361862183,
0.2946927547454834,
0.41745734214782715,
-0.5141211748123169,
-0.27494239807128906,
0.4282669126987457,
-0.7906813025474548,
0.12370845675468445,
0.5270074605941772,
0.4658448100090027,
-0.2278146892786026,
1.0133049488067627,
-0.12651461362838745,
0.7360948920249939,
0.004670190159231424,
0.2440347671508789,
-0.28017517924308777,
-0.9809494018554688,
-0.7385327219963074,
-0.05420013144612312,
-0.7007723450660706,
-0.5538574457168579,
0.39844974875450134,
-0.7923938035964966,
-0.35528337955474854,
0.08164458721876144,
0.10223593562841415,
0.288249671459198,
-0.123505599796772,
0.3572644293308258,
0.2719685733318329,
-0.24027086794376373,
0.16643060743808746,
-0.15568026900291443,
-0.19890335202217102,
-0.5866795182228088,
-0.26185721158981323,
-0.32152044773101807,
-0.46816006302833557,
-0.7643037438392639,
-0.2021642029285431,
-0.04670517519116402,
0.38541051745414734,
-0.33474528789520264,
-0.3577299118041992,
0.227588951587677,
0.10803268104791641,
-0.8046771287918091,
0.6765255928039551,
0.4479799270629883,
-0.1450774371623993,
-0.3058704733848572,
1.067858099937439,
-0.03819209337234497,
0.02191823720932007,
0.6320275664329529,
0.3791903853416443,
0.9283170104026794,
0.1262551099061966,
0.5892372727394104,
0.41561710834503174,
0.3828469514846802,
0.34888219833374023,
0.6880881190299988,
-0.10191335529088974,
0.35934320092201233,
-0.1858139932155609,
0.2659660875797272,
-0.3120947778224945,
0.18620379269123077,
-0.09136936813592911,
-0.5975407958030701,
0.2715628743171692,
0.49734190106391907,
-0.2063392698764801,
-0.4404791593551636,
0.29919326305389404,
0.11703948676586151,
-0.4165671467781067,
-0.2565973401069641,
0.456116646528244,
-0.09861136972904205,
0.26271721720695496,
0.5134482383728027,
0.5564155578613281,
0.42298513650894165,
0.4648521840572357,
-0.2142242044210434,
0.5435324907302856,
0.027868209406733513,
0.37624821066856384,
0.3116840720176697,
-0.4190632402896881,
0.033687274903059006,
-0.705314040184021,
0.080144502222538,
0.07756555825471878,
0.475521981716156,
-0.11979511380195618,
0.7321218848228455,
-0.1256125420331955,
-0.29333627223968506,
0.607704222202301,
0.009288385510444641,
-0.19860050082206726,
-0.2064286172389984,
-0.15821602940559387,
-0.9508804082870483,
0.5417532920837402,
0.5039481520652771,
-0.22442227602005005,
-0.30223384499549866,
0.10355314612388611,
-0.3909343481063843,
-0.87977534532547,
0.39142686128616333,
0.14385108649730682,
-1.0509190559387207,
-0.26972827315330505,
-0.01384233869612217,
-0.6245418190956116,
-0.9577866196632385,
-0.44380638003349304,
1.5940693616867065,
0.44400954246520996,
-0.2618072032928467,
-0.5449312329292297,
0.254041463136673,
-0.4709380865097046,
0.16195444762706757,
0.9427742958068848,
0.8894850015640259,
-1.463990330696106,
-0.9189075827598572,
-0.5389719009399414,
0.473864883184433,
-0.1332625150680542,
-0.20559033751487732,
0.18233996629714966,
-0.26725056767463684,
0.3070959746837616,
0.3000572621822357,
0.6232537627220154,
-0.5348438620567322,
0.7471441626548767,
-0.0027890310157090425
]
|
123447 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson%20City%2C%20Montana | Jefferson City, Montana | Jefferson City is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson County, Montana, United States. The population was 472 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The community began as a stop along the Fort Benton and Virginia City stage line. It took its name when Jefferson County was named one of Montana Territory’s original counties on February 2, 1865.
Summer activities include the Tizer Botanic Gardens & Arboretum with its 100 varieties of roses and 150 varieties of clematis.
Geography
Jefferson City is located in northern Jefferson County at (46.386685, -112.041154), in the valley of Prickly Pear Creek. It is bordered to the north by Clancy. Interstate 15 passes through the community, with access from Exit 176. I-15 leads north to Helena and south to Boulder, the Jefferson county seat.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Jefferson City CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 295 people, 110 households, and 85 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 24.5 people per square mile (9.4/km2). There were 115 housing units at an average density of 9.5 per square mile (3.7/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.59% White, 2.03% Native American, 1.36% Asian, 0.34% from other races, and 0.68% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.34% of the population.
There were 110 households, out of which 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.1% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.7% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.11.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 25.4% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 30.8% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.6 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $53,125, and the median income for a family was $52,917. Males had a median income of $28,125 versus $32,500 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $21,953. None of the families and 1.4% of the population were living below the poverty line.
Education
Jefferson High School in Boulder serves the Jefferson City students.
Notable person
Anne Appleby, landscape artist
References
Census-designated places in Jefferson County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area | [
0.1271953135728836,
0.8805426955223083,
0.170110821723938,
0.0421689935028553,
0.6550049781799316,
0.20377641916275024,
0.772680401802063,
0.45143064856529236,
0.18981203436851501,
0.08789396286010742,
-0.4271616041660309,
-0.23841893672943115,
-0.8666622638702393,
0.8997511267662048,
-0.43775641918182373,
0.2743137776851654,
0.11095120757818222,
1.1043709516525269,
0.6237860918045044,
0.1351747214794159,
-0.38187554478645325,
-0.6924809813499451,
0.24457138776779175,
0.42286697030067444,
-0.19471272826194763,
0.1544904112815857,
0.32166334986686707,
0.13518273830413818,
-0.21550925076007843,
0.0703473836183548,
-0.3338850140571594,
0.6050109267234802,
-0.5115337371826172,
-0.4374810457229614,
-0.17793330550193787,
0.1955229640007019,
0.3034733831882477,
-0.02603679895401001,
0.03083730861544609,
-0.09996966272592545,
-0.18735858798027039,
-0.23494964838027954,
0.016749205067753792,
-0.28619593381881714,
-0.24722979962825775,
-0.34795820713043213,
-1.5911508798599243,
0.2851817011833191,
-1.0083606243133545,
-0.7457297444343567,
-0.9112977981567383,
-0.35594356060028076,
0.020845405757427216,
0.15317095816135406,
0.3178740441799164,
0.37239235639572144,
-0.405528724193573,
0.05080461502075195,
0.30282431840896606,
0.19062642753124237,
-0.2099604308605194,
0.09459268301725388,
0.551933765411377,
0.07947994023561478,
0.06805971264839172,
-0.3894568085670471,
0.11337289214134216,
0.3953694701194763,
-0.022729618474841118,
-0.39945313334465027,
-0.33648812770843506,
0.017521288245916367,
-0.5019494295120239,
0.43791067600250244,
0.2683151960372925,
0.7219716906547546,
-0.58063805103302,
0.058364517986774445,
-0.09267578274011612,
-0.014377853833138943,
0.2678595781326294,
0.32879528403282166,
0.5836771726608276,
-0.29247209429740906,
-0.09901855885982513,
-0.05472675710916519,
-0.6749531626701355,
0.04126022756099701,
0.31691068410873413,
0.7111583948135376,
-0.9450015425682068,
-0.05116105079650879,
-0.0701737105846405,
-0.23605722188949585,
0.2046969085931778,
-0.33909285068511963,
0.011449169367551804,
0.7991626262664795,
-0.5728873610496521,
0.23330079019069672,
-0.3660663366317749,
-0.09017004072666168,
0.984961748123169,
-0.35251274704933167,
-0.5054491758346558,
-0.4127723276615143,
-0.40800216794013977,
-0.026337267830967903,
0.3047749102115631,
0.2008468508720398,
-0.26558828353881836,
0.6516148447990417,
-0.1306993067264557,
-0.30163100361824036,
-0.5156256556510925,
0.17002230882644653,
0.21319420635700226,
-0.22805523872375488,
-0.33851587772369385,
-0.44437092542648315,
-0.04504616558551788,
0.9274327158927917,
-0.5986708402633667,
0.32574358582496643,
-0.060797400772571564,
0.40730157494544983,
0.25913363695144653,
0.04762417823076248,
-0.0018261454533785582,
0.05850434675812721,
-0.8875862956047058,
0.6190369129180908,
0.08546465635299683,
0.2973513901233673,
-0.3150176703929901,
-0.8372722864151001,
-0.21963204443454742,
-0.4526786804199219,
0.6122699975967407,
-0.012270167469978333,
-0.5659229159355164,
0.0444476455450058,
-0.28598839044570923,
0.10591307282447815,
0.24553461372852325,
0.02815542370080948,
-0.13907800614833832,
-0.7024610638618469,
0.2535909116268158,
0.10568568855524063,
-0.014806961640715599,
0.21138228476047516,
0.2082253247499466,
0.8576507568359375,
0.25216144323349,
0.06231174245476723,
0.5363765954971313,
0.23517554998397827,
1.0826642513275146,
0.48721230030059814,
0.0732823982834816,
1.2718935012817383,
0.652367889881134,
-0.07838097959756851,
0.3273748755455017,
-0.3795166313648224,
0.7340285181999207,
-0.29100653529167175,
0.07286897301673889,
-0.14460322260856628,
-0.13060811161994934,
0.2132217437028885,
0.46485137939453125,
0.5129667520523071,
0.23554618656635284,
-0.6407521963119507,
0.8158769607543945,
0.7257763147354126,
0.007994547486305237,
-0.09484325349330902,
-0.9840266108512878,
0.5774189233779907,
-0.1607336848974228,
0.2971079647541046,
0.03412758186459541,
0.2586289048194885,
-0.0705849751830101,
-0.32668954133987427,
-0.5758950710296631,
-1.2543755769729614,
-0.47409120202064514,
-1.0123752355575562,
0.1526147425174713,
-0.48500409722328186,
0.20471332967281342,
0.1932944357395172,
-0.019713548943400383,
0.16002076864242554,
-0.07241325080394745,
0.2261914759874344,
-0.17277510464191437,
-0.6284059286117554,
0.7003729343414307,
-0.6806660890579224,
0.06820224225521088,
0.06791771203279495,
0.4863894283771515,
0.06798244267702103,
0.2470971941947937,
0.7227134704589844,
0.4757274091243744,
-0.3503071367740631,
0.183291956782341,
1.1189305782318115,
-0.8499534726142883,
0.006515264045447111,
-0.06516359746456146,
-0.19691671431064606,
0.5660386681556702,
0.07166344672441483,
0.6850004196166992,
0.3750733733177185,
0.23425734043121338,
0.13489118218421936,
-0.2701732814311981,
0.3162325620651245,
0.8668973445892334,
0.09492433816194534,
-0.4728301167488098,
0.28809496760368347,
0.29600781202316284,
0.11259486526250839,
0.12526924908161163,
-0.27478906512260437,
0.18243160843849182,
-0.13675250113010406,
0.034770797938108444,
-0.25044649839401245,
0.2766193747520447,
-0.45090293884277344,
0.08935070037841797,
-0.23991192877292633,
-0.13468621671199799,
0.14450514316558838,
0.7793443202972412,
0.7266646027565002,
0.2540643811225891,
0.014198554679751396,
0.0173397995531559,
-0.1944548338651657,
-0.01977386884391308,
-0.1063598096370697,
0.4586392045021057,
-0.13655734062194824,
0.17404769361019135,
0.020755691453814507,
-0.1870555877685547,
-0.10712610185146332,
0.39307746291160583,
0.1380142718553543,
-0.01239896658807993,
0.30971112847328186,
-0.0746738538146019,
0.1507200300693512,
0.4572506844997406,
-0.7796921133995056,
-0.09244571626186371,
-0.7108858227729797,
-0.4130764901638031,
0.8559253811836243,
0.05715737119317055,
0.11610132455825806,
-0.27573439478874207,
0.2583710253238678,
0.3682040572166443,
0.2142913043498993,
-0.7466921210289001,
-0.39315539598464966,
-1.1676489114761353,
-0.1070280373096466,
0.5941551923751831,
0.9126806259155273,
-0.6160935163497925,
-0.31396758556365967,
-0.43526560068130493,
-0.6976766586303711,
0.5269042253494263,
-0.5471781492233276,
-0.6865764856338501,
-0.34655505418777466,
-0.48438888788223267,
-0.2450426071882248,
-0.2459472417831421,
0.4054718613624573,
-0.6367923021316528,
0.08955428004264832,
0.29119688272476196,
0.08599679172039032,
0.5893558859825134,
-0.7152136564254761,
-0.34188520908355713,
0.594925045967102,
-0.5211696624755859,
0.402902215719223,
-0.03509872406721115,
-0.42157235741615295,
0.22215884923934937,
-0.6339187622070312,
-4.876265525817871,
0.7221158146858215,
-0.23390425741672516,
-0.21040460467338562,
-0.09554193913936615,
-0.3944108784198761,
-0.08047503978013992,
-0.4456137716770172,
-0.18736793100833893,
0.2795867323875427,
-0.24377691745758057,
-0.19706472754478455,
-0.36033734679222107,
0.8187805414199829,
0.800603449344635,
0.1891191154718399,
0.7635132670402527,
-0.02784404717385769,
0.7071272134780884,
0.5686482191085815,
-0.6220462322235107,
0.2876332998275757,
-0.006687574554234743,
0.3570392429828644,
1.1190704107284546,
0.26229336857795715,
-0.017876196652650833,
-0.3349848687648773,
-0.8432984948158264,
-0.357903391122818,
-0.03398141637444496,
0.1195119097828865,
-0.9474703073501587,
0.10471761226654053,
0.16617153584957123,
0.017809957265853882,
0.41892120242118835,
-0.32038599252700806,
0.7026616334915161,
-0.3914739787578583,
0.5814938545227051,
0.23765873908996582,
-0.574373185634613,
-0.3989142179489136,
0.5945227146148682,
-0.3446537256240845,
-0.3621333837509155,
-0.37880074977874756,
-0.48001039028167725,
0.9210730791091919,
0.34415173530578613,
0.23833027482032776,
0.8081376552581787,
0.0899481400847435,
0.21977286040782928,
0.14589308202266693,
0.3815423250198364,
0.5887538194656372,
-0.7535405158996582,
0.9176235795021057,
0.11629032343626022,
-0.42281457781791687,
0.016919320449233055,
0.02711096592247486,
-0.21930430829524994,
-0.24526546895503998,
0.2619371712207794,
0.2911098003387451,
0.34013262391090393,
-0.09054771065711975,
0.05188272148370743,
0.732650876045227,
-0.5575000047683716,
-0.6113168001174927,
0.4148869216442108,
-0.8740836381912231,
-0.2143438160419464,
0.1973242312669754,
-0.8434928059577942,
0.1573062688112259,
-0.35124507546424866,
0.11436136811971664,
0.8065517544746399,
0.6092371940612793,
0.645867109298706,
-0.31596219539642334,
-0.11951220780611038,
0.37583813071250916,
0.18018165230751038,
-0.8688653707504272,
0.6488902568817139,
0.15729999542236328,
0.7415927052497864,
-0.03535076975822449,
-0.19195005297660828,
0.1849215030670166,
0.6776209473609924,
0.05401485785841942,
0.13396641612052917,
-0.22896485030651093,
0.31384560465812683,
0.03982732817530632,
-0.21870668232440948,
-0.27896085381507874,
-0.11102725565433502,
-0.6295604705810547,
0.0024545679334551096,
0.3111110329627991,
0.6154189109802246,
-0.6204454898834229,
-0.3819982707500458,
0.270651251077652,
-0.08229278773069382,
-0.22345688939094543,
0.028148720040917397,
0.1656225472688675,
-0.06939876824617386,
0.3874453008174896,
0.6388548612594604,
0.444380521774292,
-0.0949796661734581,
-0.13175056874752045,
-0.4718359708786011,
-0.03975406289100647,
-0.555569589138031,
-0.13505855202674866,
0.06127910315990448,
0.1594715267419815,
0.1213676929473877,
0.4036579728126526,
-0.1359819918870926,
0.03609247878193855,
-0.1881372183561325,
-0.10508129745721817,
-0.5134995579719543,
0.10788145661354065,
-0.3285190463066101,
-1.021167516708374,
0.4639129340648651,
0.4967384934425354,
0.40260669589042664,
0.585269033908844,
-0.4069176912307739,
0.6458706855773926,
-0.1489894539117813,
0.12531456351280212,
0.001928565208800137,
-0.1277397871017456,
-0.8022317290306091,
0.2558978199958801,
-0.8557857871055603,
-0.5284726619720459,
0.1538867950439453,
-0.5356281399726868,
0.24071887135505676,
0.18818624317646027,
0.31486043334007263,
0.7070870995521545,
-0.2751467823982239,
-0.4037458002567291,
0.7376319169998169,
-0.5312575697898865,
-0.23288312554359436,
0.7188057899475098,
0.2568541467189789,
-0.308901309967041,
-0.3610956370830536,
0.24876144528388977,
-0.5414645671844482,
0.21226350963115692,
0.7617974281311035,
-0.5132671594619751,
-0.44554972648620605,
-0.04368410259485245,
0.3439919650554657,
-0.10951933264732361,
-0.19688746333122253,
0.4512222111225128,
0.08518251031637192,
-0.4368380308151245,
-0.17274168133735657,
-0.9998147487640381,
-0.8505281209945679,
-0.6948112845420837,
-0.0919637680053711,
-0.23823554813861847,
-0.0031629493460059166,
-0.5204536318778992,
0.18112659454345703,
0.0668259784579277,
0.03757680580019951,
-0.5848917961120605,
0.07758969068527222,
-0.15682218968868256,
0.12805208563804626,
-0.9131715297698975,
0.34799110889434814,
-0.13487207889556885,
-0.27559569478034973,
-0.67159503698349,
-0.04371078312397003,
0.4172956347465515,
-0.29498928785324097,
0.04869300127029419,
0.060826417058706284,
-0.6543495655059814,
0.548937976360321,
0.6470099687576294,
-0.8125563859939575,
0.7300215363502502,
-0.3389597237110138,
-0.6245461106300354,
0.3273700177669525,
0.6229363679885864,
0.06487300246953964,
0.6620644330978394,
0.4544677734375,
0.3565986454486847,
-0.5980514883995056,
-0.20670185983181,
-0.464110404253006,
0.15164563059806824,
-0.18474602699279785,
-0.6391825675964355,
-0.4408072531223297,
0.5532312989234924,
0.3045271039009094,
-0.17196698486804962,
0.7154176831245422,
-1.0825648307800293,
-0.01071622222661972,
0.43747201561927795,
-0.20213641226291656,
0.1687162071466446,
0.728329598903656,
0.16872462630271912,
-0.2214243859052658,
-0.09475118666887283,
0.09036266803741455,
-0.41531527042388916,
0.4373757541179657,
1.257025957107544,
0.1416826695203781,
-0.6166216731071472,
-0.6401397585868835,
0.15334533154964447,
0.4264725148677826,
0.11464597284793854,
-1.5798975229263306,
0.6386039853096008,
0.7730599045753479,
-0.5762105584144592,
-0.5690996050834656,
-0.06353935599327087,
0.9441393613815308,
-0.5789158344268799,
-0.2946292459964752,
1.1075303554534912,
-0.32984524965286255,
0.2790677845478058,
0.2658400237560272,
-0.4364474415779114,
0.2337251752614975,
0.27825599908828735,
0.42221808433532715,
0.2590858042240143,
-0.3318442404270172,
-0.7601550221443176,
0.1058238297700882,
-1.2592538595199585,
0.1477019190788269,
0.005192369222640991,
0.1998053640127182,
-0.3178388178348541,
-0.47897636890411377,
0.19941309094429016,
0.016385454684495926,
-0.3722821772098541,
-0.8439373970031738,
0.09584550559520721,
-0.02624543197453022,
0.009013623930513859,
0.1356038600206375,
-0.12349977344274521,
0.316375732421875,
-0.7177456617355347,
-0.6471083760261536,
0.1924576759338379,
-1.2208131551742554,
0.18520696461200714,
-0.4507491886615753,
0.27963143587112427,
0.2500753402709961,
-1.159906268119812,
-0.010946119204163551,
0.37337708473205566,
0.23568952083587646,
0.28715553879737854,
-0.7522226572036743,
0.028926458209753036,
-0.42266809940338135,
0.9931154251098633,
-0.049854353070259094,
-0.8921718597412109,
0.05954405665397644,
-0.07889888435602188,
-0.41262125968933105,
-0.3529766798019409,
0.17556844651699066,
0.029099509119987488,
0.2080790102481842,
-0.16186697781085968,
0.12237667292356491,
0.4479020833969116,
-0.7518069744110107,
0.21133528649806976,
0.33116891980171204,
-0.33881208300590515,
-0.18399235606193542,
0.3875676393508911,
-0.9551669955253601,
-0.11149433255195618,
0.5396518111228943,
0.357761949300766,
-0.3958050608634949,
0.6426882147789001,
0.021473217755556107,
0.7316502332687378,
0.03824523836374283,
0.2904351055622101,
-0.16339091956615448,
-0.9847110509872437,
-0.664076030254364,
0.2883135974407196,
-0.7971782684326172,
-0.5685977339744568,
-0.12653008103370667,
-0.6431102752685547,
-0.5245826244354248,
0.2020580917596817,
-0.24768419563770294,
0.5635618567466736,
0.31406113505363464,
0.4636056125164032,
0.06389320641756058,
-0.5023208856582642,
-0.25212034583091736,
0.0677381083369255,
0.08910539746284485,
-0.2667945921421051,
-0.21865291893482208,
-0.05929948389530182,
-0.40514951944351196,
-0.7836841344833374,
-0.5313631296157837,
-0.1636458933353424,
0.37713566422462463,
-0.31660929322242737,
0.029930515214800835,
0.6404743194580078,
-0.042998939752578735,
-0.6714591383934021,
0.5586270689964294,
-0.006456672679632902,
0.15227454900741577,
-0.6343284845352173,
0.31554344296455383,
-0.6107373237609863,
-0.4139421284198761,
0.6973611116409302,
0.3339209258556366,
0.39441198110580444,
0.03454495966434479,
0.4087935984134674,
0.1371612846851349,
0.6141180396080017,
0.18103952705860138,
0.4852522611618042,
0.12809036672115326,
0.32681846618652344,
-0.5335909128189087,
0.16420893371105194,
-0.002939655678346753,
-0.07245378196239471,
0.05038662999868393,
-0.3952012062072754,
-0.45040351152420044,
0.10340485721826553,
0.4639919102191925,
-0.5913004875183105,
0.18459582328796387,
-0.10791129618883133,
-0.13480626046657562,
-0.6822030544281006,
0.26084741950035095,
-0.16952787339687347,
0.1648949831724167,
0.45329049229621887,
0.8302372097969055,
0.030205553397536278,
0.3913009762763977,
-0.34524005651474,
0.29250577092170715,
-0.5249649882316589,
0.28605732321739197,
0.7803833484649658,
-0.16552682220935822,
0.44730857014656067,
-0.5545392632484436,
0.5562590956687927,
-0.4997948408126831,
0.4765654504299164,
-0.20202328264713287,
0.8377726078033447,
-0.2315206676721573,
-0.06268035620450974,
0.8708697557449341,
0.1545805037021637,
-0.19600199162960052,
-0.4115736484527588,
-0.07133562117815018,
-0.5212441682815552,
0.34126996994018555,
0.3013543486595154,
0.03417059779167175,
-0.1840325891971588,
-0.41469475626945496,
-0.18557029962539673,
-0.9716042876243591,
0.6548851728439331,
0.321391761302948,
-0.8603649735450745,
-0.37522509694099426,
-0.2562211751937866,
-0.6359914541244507,
-0.8905874490737915,
-0.37384024262428284,
1.6388330459594727,
0.39819133281707764,
-0.1171170100569725,
-0.278907835483551,
-0.3366908133029938,
-0.43615055084228516,
0.17745696008205414,
0.9405882358551025,
0.7089444994926453,
-1.3283792734146118,
-0.8513522148132324,
-0.7561447620391846,
0.9739582538604736,
-0.13656072318553925,
0.13529233634471893,
0.27874746918678284,
0.03480001166462898,
-0.12617012858390808,
0.39999905228614807,
0.6611523032188416,
-0.6880701184272766,
0.7230064272880554,
-0.22308291494846344
]
|
123448 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montana%20City%2C%20Montana | Montana City, Montana | Montana City is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson County, Montana, United States. The population was 2,715 at the 2010 census, up from 2,094 in 2000. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area.
History
Montana City is located on top of one of the oldest prehistoric sites in the state of Montana. As early as 9,000 BCE, Native Americans came to Montana City to collect chert, a rock similar to flint, which was used to make spear tips, arrowheads, and knives. White American explorers discovered gold at the site on July 2, 1862, and later that year U.S. Army Captain Jason L. Fisk brought a mule train from Minnesota which stopped at the site and built the first houses that became Montana City. The town became one of the most important mining centers in Montana during the height of the gold rush in the 1860s. The Montana Town Company laid out the city in 1864, naming it after the territory's new name. Chinese miners took over from whites when the mines began to play out in 1868, and the town saw a brief revival after the arrival of the railroads and the establishment of a post office in the 1880s. At its height in the 1880s, Montana City had 3,000 residents and competed for the location of the state capital.
Montana City was almost a ghost town for most of the 20th century until the Permanente Cement Company built a cement manufacturing plant there in 1940. Today, Montana City is a bedroom community serving Helena.
Geography
Montana City is located in northern Jefferson County at (46.537357, -111.931705). It is bordered to the northwest by unincorporated South Hills, to the northeast by the town of East Helena in Lewis and Clark County, and to the south by unincorporated Clancy.
Interstate 15 passes through Montana City, with access from Exit 187. I-15 leads north to Helena, the state capital, and south to Boulder, the Jefferson county seat.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Montana City CDP has a total area of , of which , or 0.07%, are water. Prickly Pear Creek, a tributary of the Missouri River, flows northward through the community.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,715 people in Montana City, a 30% increase over the 2000 census. Of the 2,094 people of the 2000 census, 697 households, and 627 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 74.2 people per square mile (28.6/km). There were 709 housing units at an average density of 25.1/sq mi (9.7/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.19% White, 0.05% African American, 0.48% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.14% Pacific Islander, 0.10% from other races, and 0.96% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.10% of the population.
There were 697 households, out of which 46.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 84.4% were married couples living together, 2.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 9.9% were non-families. 7.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 2.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.99 and the average family size was 3.14.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 30.9% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 6.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.5 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $66,027, and the median income for a family was $67,240. Males had a median income of $40,909 versus $29,508 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $21,774. About 3.5% of families and 4.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.3% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Jefferson High School in Boulder serves the Montana City students.
The North Jefferson County Library has a location in Montana City.
References
External links
Montana City Volunteer Fire Department
Census-designated places in Jefferson County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area
1864 establishments in Dakota Territory | [
0.750819981098175,
0.5892385244369507,
0.047774139791727066,
0.05114252120256424,
0.661237359046936,
0.2583692967891693,
0.8075118660926819,
0.5275766253471375,
0.28140220046043396,
0.0677853375673294,
-0.30261853337287903,
-0.04164551571011543,
-0.9018316268920898,
0.720234215259552,
-0.6316590309143066,
0.0955304205417633,
0.24620449542999268,
0.861501157283783,
0.8272325396537781,
0.2984866499900818,
-0.4367537200450897,
-0.7160612344741821,
0.2849634885787964,
0.464755117893219,
-0.22781847417354584,
0.24570398032665253,
0.43135151267051697,
0.4095875918865204,
-0.14026863873004913,
0.23143328726291656,
-0.20168663561344147,
0.5411872863769531,
-0.43616941571235657,
-0.16811032593250275,
-0.0873434767127037,
0.20084889233112335,
0.5280325412750244,
0.03318266198039055,
-0.09755218774080276,
-0.13234379887580872,
-0.1785864233970642,
-0.17035886645317078,
0.012896194122731686,
-0.20399054884910583,
0.004308164585381746,
-0.3318553864955902,
-1.5118755102157593,
0.5882797837257385,
-1.0159282684326172,
-0.5059224367141724,
-0.9931567311286926,
-0.31098073720932007,
0.10851121693849564,
0.15677279233932495,
0.6202196478843689,
0.5789212584495544,
-0.5622694492340088,
0.012669483199715614,
0.18381954729557037,
0.08615116775035858,
-0.3915824592113495,
0.41955044865608215,
0.3506920337677002,
-0.1864684671163559,
-0.14775164425373077,
-0.22209154069423676,
0.17293064296245575,
0.12246669083833694,
0.37455907464027405,
-0.5269513726234436,
-0.3193289637565613,
-0.013634230010211468,
-0.35494503378868103,
0.45923683047294617,
0.2483612447977066,
0.5985123515129089,
-0.7421866655349731,
0.03416501358151436,
-0.009103412739932537,
0.11066322773694992,
0.22674810886383057,
0.25500115752220154,
0.41268831491470337,
-0.39406657218933105,
0.10981904715299606,
-0.33050429821014404,
-0.5364432334899902,
-0.15316680073738098,
-0.014892397448420525,
0.9180940389633179,
-1.020488977432251,
-0.15462005138397217,
0.11193101853132248,
-0.2846516966819763,
0.11071059107780457,
-0.494054913520813,
-0.15039245784282684,
0.7654938101768494,
-0.20200605690479279,
0.22942288219928741,
-0.4932747483253479,
-0.27353015542030334,
0.9774504899978638,
-0.0691838338971138,
-0.5780486464500427,
-0.48402369022369385,
-0.6815211176872253,
0.06742493063211441,
0.25110819935798645,
0.264179527759552,
-0.11996257305145264,
0.45145565271377563,
-0.2589648365974426,
-0.2896392047405243,
-0.21186552941799164,
0.3634398877620697,
-0.1445561796426773,
-0.18514887988567352,
-0.5356673002243042,
-0.5057461857795715,
0.22459585964679718,
0.36456575989723206,
-0.2542395293712616,
0.07930991053581238,
-0.2382199913263321,
0.4245228171348572,
0.4405331611633301,
-0.030981052666902542,
0.13203857839107513,
0.12497815489768982,
-0.8931590914726257,
0.7923995852470398,
-0.06725077331066132,
0.45328056812286377,
-0.046328477561473846,
-0.7807713150978088,
-0.2557920813560486,
-0.6594899296760559,
0.3054169714450836,
0.13613158464431763,
-0.3772973120212555,
0.18603013455867767,
-0.09560652077198029,
0.18450026214122772,
0.521687388420105,
-0.09287694841623306,
-0.037540264427661896,
-0.9707324504852295,
0.03778424486517906,
-0.17640089988708496,
-0.0721438080072403,
0.2318142056465149,
0.17940936982631683,
0.8751624226570129,
0.27807217836380005,
-0.047062862664461136,
0.6414449214935303,
0.506151556968689,
0.5118098258972168,
0.5316053032875061,
0.1195712462067604,
1.2590819597244263,
0.7843363285064697,
-0.05490082502365112,
0.4883897304534912,
-0.379303902387619,
0.4394139051437378,
-0.3173554539680481,
0.01636648178100586,
0.3849511444568634,
-0.04829550161957741,
0.3897433578968048,
0.7535224556922913,
0.6311250925064087,
0.1379467099905014,
-0.643140971660614,
0.6322909593582153,
0.5969510078430176,
-0.1533576101064682,
-0.1957952082157135,
-0.7531994581222534,
0.42930272221565247,
-0.08376236259937286,
0.4260793924331665,
0.04980601370334625,
-0.07082468271255493,
0.363972008228302,
-0.2759571075439453,
-0.4901624619960785,
-1.0234698057174683,
-0.5763861536979675,
-0.7722887396812439,
0.4626009464263916,
-0.3775753080844879,
0.5902884602546692,
0.019479889422655106,
-0.11027813702821732,
0.32271650433540344,
-0.14062851667404175,
0.24732892215251923,
-0.21122388541698456,
-0.519923210144043,
0.8904450535774231,
-0.7839977741241455,
-0.069516122341156,
0.14815694093704224,
0.5929293632507324,
-0.02263166941702366,
0.42096900939941406,
0.6392595171928406,
0.4323662221431732,
-0.10347852110862732,
-0.09080184251070023,
0.8935655355453491,
-0.6623864769935608,
-0.07130394876003265,
-0.20935438573360443,
0.09786948561668396,
0.6086476445198059,
-0.19114869832992554,
0.6497824192047119,
0.32924261689186096,
0.11780046671628952,
-0.14322447776794434,
-0.16567057371139526,
0.3538852035999298,
0.9996187686920166,
0.2574724555015564,
-0.2427348643541336,
0.3232758641242981,
0.26357051730155945,
0.07282328605651855,
0.3415008783340454,
-0.1633957028388977,
0.0362931564450264,
0.10041755437850952,
0.3346506655216217,
-0.04418467730283737,
0.29490789771080017,
-0.4968496859073639,
-0.12279798090457916,
0.03123673051595688,
-0.33136221766471863,
-0.0976666659116745,
0.5198952555656433,
0.937100350856781,
0.24618950486183167,
-0.017158325761556625,
-0.27520349621772766,
-0.20462217926979065,
0.20489712059497833,
-0.33361947536468506,
0.3443058133125305,
-0.05664690211415291,
0.05532294139266014,
0.045929234474897385,
-0.389966756105423,
-0.4924725294113159,
0.43507978320121765,
0.014018001034855843,
0.04685528948903084,
0.08946436643600464,
-0.08113674074411392,
0.1726667881011963,
0.35563910007476807,
-0.7575823664665222,
-0.047071076929569244,
-0.609998881816864,
-0.26686471700668335,
0.7907896041870117,
-0.02383885532617569,
-0.03896225243806839,
-0.251923531293869,
0.4519224166870117,
0.7147240042686462,
0.18147926032543182,
-0.5386490225791931,
-0.21429477632045746,
-0.6624171733856201,
-0.028535790741443634,
0.46988192200660706,
0.9776235222816467,
-0.41523873805999756,
-0.2621539831161499,
-0.6001802086830139,
-0.6439089179039001,
0.5844573974609375,
-0.5148773193359375,
-0.6047574281692505,
-0.3833751380443573,
-0.4992299973964691,
-0.18203234672546387,
-0.38521891832351685,
-0.00036684353835880756,
-0.7218322157859802,
0.05068131163716316,
0.3788314163684845,
-0.10413681715726852,
0.6516481637954712,
-0.7148556709289551,
0.013183992356061935,
0.6882061958312988,
-0.3676544427871704,
0.4203348159790039,
-0.2643033266067505,
-0.1132940724492073,
0.16369366645812988,
-0.6990001797676086,
-5.053193092346191,
0.8675030469894409,
-0.21149124205112457,
-0.49397775530815125,
-0.1473502516746521,
-0.6479379534721375,
-0.0332772396504879,
-0.2203017920255661,
0.06842148303985596,
-0.06288881599903107,
-0.3713330030441284,
-0.23210099339485168,
-0.20768843591213226,
0.6758688688278198,
0.8742087483406067,
0.0021203486248850822,
0.6434996724128723,
-0.22358128428459167,
0.41793209314346313,
0.6965007781982422,
-0.305492103099823,
0.1601569503545761,
0.06409122049808502,
0.4275028705596924,
0.7708305716514587,
0.4056170582771301,
-0.510623037815094,
-0.23577068746089935,
-0.7372406125068665,
-0.5528542399406433,
-0.15332669019699097,
0.0854659378528595,
-0.6602283120155334,
-0.37982186675071716,
0.1353071630001068,
0.2552948296070099,
0.2887836992740631,
-0.3443043529987335,
0.7459126710891724,
-0.5042409300804138,
0.6349454522132874,
0.16981756687164307,
-0.14165472984313965,
-0.19055692851543427,
0.9164649248123169,
-0.06749337911605835,
-0.3247288465499878,
-0.10787639766931534,
-0.4572892487049103,
0.9491658806800842,
0.6573870778083801,
0.354092538356781,
0.6262704730033875,
0.11879083514213562,
0.13709498941898346,
-0.12724405527114868,
0.09444846957921982,
0.3193678855895996,
-0.8030598163604736,
0.7507777810096741,
-0.106542207300663,
-0.5724342465400696,
-0.051886919885873795,
0.23275737464427948,
-0.11644543707370758,
-0.33191731572151184,
0.06217909976840019,
0.41855984926223755,
0.16442404687404633,
-0.09003762155771255,
-0.02466869354248047,
0.6357568502426147,
-0.7632946372032166,
-0.687299907207489,
0.29813650250434875,
-0.7148853540420532,
-0.1716996282339096,
0.051834836602211,
-0.8482452630996704,
-0.06608210504055023,
-0.46385547518730164,
-0.0935574322938919,
0.5874761343002319,
0.5670285224914551,
0.739051878452301,
-0.3417527675628662,
-0.14317095279693604,
0.25637608766555786,
-0.11141330003738403,
-1.061462163925171,
0.6945068836212158,
-0.30231305956840515,
0.6913973689079285,
-0.41485998034477234,
-0.0015108601655811071,
-0.2357044667005539,
0.6896381974220276,
0.06973516941070557,
0.17397676408290863,
-0.3380361497402191,
0.5125954747200012,
-0.23471391201019287,
-0.35858583450317383,
-0.4851955771446228,
-0.4738524258136749,
-0.5132513046264648,
0.11093773692846298,
0.39902088046073914,
0.5001010894775391,
-0.6824995875358582,
-0.5165711641311646,
0.41288813948631287,
-0.369044691324234,
-0.08404860645532608,
0.10202249884605408,
0.3835287094116211,
-0.3342738151550293,
0.24846649169921875,
0.6810431480407715,
0.5439465641975403,
-0.22275197505950928,
-0.19893327355384827,
-0.10527718812227249,
0.15620028972625732,
-0.5096225142478943,
-0.3686116635799408,
0.07963194698095322,
-0.1687062829732895,
0.16098757088184357,
0.30506616830825806,
-0.12217718362808228,
0.07303714007139206,
-0.21337637305259705,
-0.26602447032928467,
-0.3242679834365845,
0.15758797526359558,
-0.3487012982368469,
-0.7288795709609985,
0.48111000657081604,
0.3404400050640106,
0.3543379604816437,
0.5594839453697205,
-0.2348627746105194,
0.682249903678894,
-0.294901579618454,
0.4105413556098938,
-0.17049990594387054,
-0.06582871079444885,
-0.8642542958259583,
0.06285084784030914,
-0.8434684872627258,
-0.23018918931484222,
-0.012876858934760094,
-0.6725525259971619,
-0.00892937183380127,
0.08428572118282318,
0.0577869713306427,
0.9557416439056396,
-0.015837479382753372,
-0.08362842351198196,
0.6470834612846375,
-0.6935081481933594,
-0.3437681794166565,
0.7741549611091614,
-0.11267006397247314,
-0.15704643726348877,
-0.30006521940231323,
-0.08765734732151031,
-0.4390767216682434,
0.3791668117046356,
0.7388389110565186,
-0.5199361443519592,
-0.22667762637138367,
-0.05965011194348335,
0.3687196671962738,
-0.15867428481578827,
-0.27851244807243347,
0.11087124794721603,
-0.029386406764388084,
-0.11819913238286972,
-0.061098843812942505,
-0.7614488005638123,
-0.478088915348053,
-0.5520813465118408,
0.2543058395385742,
-0.08135410398244858,
-0.14862382411956787,
-0.3652779757976532,
0.18260769546031952,
0.17991280555725098,
-0.09343749284744263,
-0.4890115261077881,
0.20591387152671814,
-0.1432904303073883,
-0.011801084503531456,
-0.9064915180206299,
0.2938019931316376,
0.29346439242362976,
-0.38248637318611145,
-0.4834100604057312,
-0.13828463852405548,
0.521229088306427,
-0.4074499309062958,
0.08310110121965408,
0.2996331751346588,
-0.249071404337883,
0.503764271736145,
0.6802268028259277,
-0.5769605040550232,
0.40827932953834534,
-0.4329538941383362,
-0.6363208293914795,
0.4104258418083191,
0.7738531827926636,
0.022007685154676437,
0.4790450632572174,
0.08974777162075043,
0.5026243925094604,
-0.6932263374328613,
-0.2269962728023529,
-0.5466094613075256,
0.06819643080234528,
-0.21519328653812408,
-0.7292153835296631,
-0.2615615427494049,
0.37543985247612,
0.3615271747112274,
-0.3734700381755829,
0.5978371500968933,
-0.7179909944534302,
0.11247324198484421,
0.31515976786613464,
-0.22311115264892578,
-0.11150465160608292,
0.7694324254989624,
0.19145265221595764,
-0.2942107617855072,
0.17862161993980408,
0.36073076725006104,
-0.18263377249240875,
0.21142736077308655,
1.4135221242904663,
0.18553289771080017,
-0.47992098331451416,
-0.5171668529510498,
0.26761123538017273,
0.21189257502555847,
0.28415900468826294,
-1.2517224550247192,
0.6223499178886414,
0.6522682905197144,
-0.30971142649650574,
-0.5504326820373535,
-0.01430375874042511,
0.9354059100151062,
-0.802134096622467,
-0.30258992314338684,
1.0153852701187134,
-0.2824016809463501,
0.457834929227829,
0.3256969153881073,
-0.4040483236312866,
0.314481258392334,
0.3161414861679077,
0.667640209197998,
-0.08813777565956116,
-0.09667861461639404,
-0.746250331401825,
0.019793445244431496,
-1.073137879371643,
0.15155711770057678,
-0.1762292981147766,
0.23714463412761688,
-0.09544701129198074,
-0.6507197022438049,
-0.12428271025419235,
0.09800609201192856,
-0.5257694721221924,
-0.893219530582428,
0.025283709168434143,
-0.12871131300926208,
0.011210180819034576,
0.12704169750213623,
-0.39629927277565,
0.24658077955245972,
-0.7937774062156677,
-0.31089621782302856,
0.37910282611846924,
-1.3423709869384766,
0.2766486704349518,
-0.5512544512748718,
-0.002469513565301895,
0.016698723658919334,
-1.142715573310852,
-0.16964612901210785,
0.23096266388893127,
0.6139284372329712,
0.2622334063053131,
-0.5081382989883423,
0.05214855819940567,
-0.38331565260887146,
0.7047732472419739,
-0.06922531127929688,
-0.8301064968109131,
0.2671338617801666,
-0.2574140727519989,
-0.5705573558807373,
-0.44296911358833313,
0.17978602647781372,
0.14333802461624146,
0.07863534986972809,
0.037270527333021164,
0.3398747444152832,
0.4084075689315796,
-0.9336267113685608,
0.5996967554092407,
0.23406396806240082,
-0.33070892095565796,
-0.45671144127845764,
0.4549221098423004,
-0.6644963622093201,
0.018799537792801857,
0.4929072856903076,
0.31045520305633545,
-0.19325052201747894,
0.8514631390571594,
-0.12247933447360992,
0.5942060947418213,
0.057637616991996765,
0.4771743714809418,
-0.07856659591197968,
-0.9985734224319458,
-0.5236186981201172,
0.21848149597644806,
-0.5944240689277649,
-0.2823449671268463,
0.1479061096906662,
-0.42861080169677734,
-0.62980717420578,
0.16411423683166504,
-0.2870337665081024,
0.21966248750686646,
0.133126899600029,
0.4003453552722931,
0.14769938588142395,
-0.3852584660053253,
0.019695423543453217,
0.006598548498004675,
0.11523118615150452,
-0.03554602712392807,
0.126010000705719,
-0.3358328640460968,
-0.4560653865337372,
-0.3172535002231598,
-0.5656006932258606,
0.049299247562885284,
0.300216943025589,
-0.8814424872398376,
-0.4187057912349701,
0.5397375822067261,
0.003342080395668745,
-0.746234655380249,
0.5155839323997498,
0.026972442865371704,
0.08692768216133118,
-0.5840643644332886,
0.33058878779411316,
-0.7401880621910095,
-0.39190053939819336,
0.6444422006607056,
0.3342439830303192,
0.5987805128097534,
-0.03526512533426285,
0.31591734290122986,
0.08395737409591675,
0.33714139461517334,
0.17454321682453156,
0.347903311252594,
-0.23728980123996735,
0.15679672360420227,
-0.5410469174385071,
0.4971540570259094,
-0.050572656095027924,
-0.36293721199035645,
0.02751515991985798,
-0.6068446636199951,
-0.09029846638441086,
0.1003875732421875,
0.07574163377285004,
-0.8593350648880005,
0.1328994780778885,
-0.20593711733818054,
-0.3377586305141449,
-0.42171236872673035,
0.12290935963392258,
0.19952096045017242,
0.10457860678434372,
0.5562337636947632,
0.7462027668952942,
0.2828201353549957,
0.5417097210884094,
-0.5272360444068909,
0.3754703998565674,
-0.27823910117149353,
0.25053951144218445,
0.4968433380126953,
-0.02569725550711155,
0.27686184644699097,
-0.55176842212677,
0.5422298908233643,
-0.34062471985816956,
0.47592052817344666,
-0.21475020051002502,
0.5731071829795837,
-0.22774621844291687,
0.24258731305599213,
0.700695812702179,
0.020075755193829536,
-0.23243819177150726,
-0.6819964647293091,
0.2651481628417969,
-0.8184494972229004,
0.23875950276851654,
0.5051233172416687,
0.1337844580411911,
-0.4874928295612335,
-0.4348863661289215,
0.01833144761621952,
-1.290309190750122,
0.5357066988945007,
0.24836614727973938,
-0.8596894145011902,
-0.25342172384262085,
0.06867934763431549,
-0.6599087119102478,
-0.8418734669685364,
-0.23657163977622986,
1.3448307514190674,
0.48751100897789,
-0.05109744146466255,
0.04917880520224571,
-0.12304682284593582,
-0.2641066312789917,
0.27698853611946106,
0.9969650506973267,
0.826804518699646,
-1.1403950452804565,
-0.7118561267852783,
-0.9073502421379089,
0.3780432641506195,
-0.3041573464870453,
0.13260230422019958,
0.017923500388860703,
-0.125425785779953,
-0.06897341459989548,
0.22749526798725128,
0.5775066614151001,
-0.5335171818733215,
0.8361607193946838,
-0.039572566747665405
]
|
123449 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitehall%2C%20Montana | Whitehall, Montana | Whitehall is a town in Jefferson County, Montana, United States. The population was 1,006 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The town is nestled in the Jefferson Valley, which is shadowed by the Tobacco Root and Highland Mountain ranges and sits in the heart of the Deerlodge National Forest. It is also within 23–60 miles of three major airports, four colleges, five ski resorts, seven major rivers, mountain lakes for fishing and backpacking, four lakes for boating, and three hot springs. There are numerous snowmobiling trails for winter riding and summer trail rides. The mountain ranges surrounding the valley, provide excellent opportunity for hunting big game.
Whitehall's local attractions include Lewis and Clark Caverns State Park, Jefferson River, Ringing Rocks, and the Jefferson Valley Museum.
History
Whitehall began as a rail depot created by the Northern Pacific and Montana Railroad on September 25, 1889. The name for the depot came from E.G. Brooke, who was inspired by a similar town in which he stayed in Illinois while making his way westward. On September 3, 1890, the Jefferson County Commissioners accepted and filed the Townsite of Whitehall.
Geography
Whitehall is located at (45.870238, -112.098464). Interstate 90 passes by the town with access via exit 249.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Whitehall has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,038 people, 473 households, and 283 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 538 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 94.0% White, 0.2% African American, 1.7% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 3.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.
There were 473 households, of which 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.4% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.2% were non-families. 35.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.84.
The median age in the town was 45.7 years. 23% of residents were under the age of 18; 7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.6% were from 25 to 44; 33% were from 45 to 64; and 17.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 51.9% male and 48.1% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,044 people, 450 households, and 297 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,527.3 people per square mile (592.8/km2). There were 507 housing units at an average density of 741.7 per square mile (287.9/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 94.54% White, 2.49% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 0.10% from other races, and 2.49% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.72% of the population.
There were 450 households, out of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.2% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.86.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.2% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 20.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.0 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $29,940, and the median income for a family was $38,833. Males had a median income of $30,682 versus $19,643 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,527. About 8.8% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.7% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Public education in the town of Whitehall is provided by Whitehall School District. The district includes Whitehall Elementary School (grades K-6), Whitehall Middle School (grades 7-8), and Whitehall High School (grades 9-12). They are a Class B school (108-306 students) which helps determine athletic competitions..
Whitehall's mascot is the Trojans, with school colors of purple and gold.
Whitehall Community Library is a public library which serves the town.
Notable people
Sam Adams (1963– ), former mayor of Portland, Oregon.
Chet Huntley (1911–1974), broadcaster, graduated from Whitehall High School.
Rob "Robbie" Johnson (b. 1983), Major League Baseball player, played Little League in Whitehall.
Bill Pullman (b. 1953), actor, has a ranch near town and lives there part-time.
References
External links
Jefferson Valley Museum
Whitehall Ledger
Whitehall Chamber of Commerce
Whitehall Rotary Club
Towns in Jefferson County, Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area | [
0.032497845590114594,
0.899519681930542,
0.49728989601135254,
-0.21652108430862427,
0.32475391030311584,
0.22385954856872559,
0.6340081691741943,
0.8855118155479431,
-0.26983803510665894,
-0.27295932173728943,
-0.05392066016793251,
-0.07137424498796463,
-0.32603058218955994,
0.705032467842102,
-0.6283620595932007,
0.32277050614356995,
0.20214422047138214,
0.887156069278717,
0.9943497776985168,
0.14245930314064026,
0.23626406490802765,
-0.3608676791191101,
0.22238771617412567,
0.30134066939353943,
-0.08263406157493591,
0.7208153009414673,
0.45429280400276184,
0.2488725185394287,
-0.5571492910385132,
-0.18594643473625183,
-0.4720267057418823,
0.0979343056678772,
-0.5146008729934692,
0.024068232625722885,
0.10614988207817078,
-0.24003562331199646,
-0.19768232107162476,
0.16944736242294312,
-0.06337599456310272,
-0.3351214826107025,
-0.5006916522979736,
0.18396644294261932,
0.23403428494930267,
0.077395498752594,
-0.3285125494003296,
-0.359694242477417,
-1.1704177856445312,
0.4221818447113037,
-1.1897602081298828,
-0.6254282593727112,
-1.0223056077957153,
-0.6560146808624268,
0.281614750623703,
0.39512085914611816,
0.5057544708251953,
0.36181145906448364,
-0.4807206988334656,
0.19140467047691345,
0.5264047980308533,
0.25875166058540344,
-0.3933330774307251,
0.3636569380760193,
0.43577301502227783,
-0.4477369785308838,
0.0023149349726736546,
-0.2865166962146759,
-0.033299770206213,
0.50046306848526,
0.1706724762916565,
-0.8065018653869629,
0.29679107666015625,
0.39439520239830017,
-0.5171433687210083,
0.8792009353637695,
0.2550817131996155,
0.9552932977676392,
-0.5683044195175171,
-0.053948938846588135,
-0.19589298963546753,
-0.3326356112957001,
-0.06354669481515884,
0.03407679498195648,
0.3632258176803589,
0.06676079332828522,
0.14375153183937073,
0.3379614055156708,
-0.8995174169540405,
-0.17035901546478271,
0.23210929334163666,
0.9628423452377319,
-0.8201450705528259,
0.10906008630990982,
-0.4104018807411194,
-0.2585359811782837,
-0.5056071281433105,
-0.7142024636268616,
0.08504850417375565,
0.17982549965381622,
-0.19767147302627563,
0.05550770089030266,
-0.09345726668834686,
-0.30219149589538574,
1.2739346027374268,
-0.2798222005367279,
-0.12638770043849945,
-0.7191612124443054,
-0.739230751991272,
-0.07415050268173218,
0.1522807478904724,
0.0791458711028099,
-0.2967377007007599,
0.6221553683280945,
-0.0838187038898468,
-0.46454164385795593,
-0.48745197057724,
0.53165602684021,
0.02422678843140602,
-0.7431502938270569,
-0.5897182822227478,
-0.49388712644577026,
0.1763475388288498,
0.6577222347259521,
-0.3371484875679016,
-0.2815091907978058,
-0.1357773393392563,
0.11389133334159851,
0.30912962555885315,
0.01091218926012516,
0.2546391487121582,
0.41551050543785095,
-0.6551584005355835,
0.48467713594436646,
-0.3130953311920166,
0.1814977079629898,
-0.3063860535621643,
-1.0503451824188232,
0.1621406078338623,
-0.47449901700019836,
0.4326573610305786,
0.33956947922706604,
-0.534463107585907,
0.22122158110141754,
0.045181430876255035,
0.07282520830631256,
0.20809441804885864,
-0.1753026843070984,
0.1839282214641571,
-0.8095966577529907,
-0.15592949092388153,
-0.19153140485286713,
-0.08774351328611374,
0.4709548354148865,
0.5277024507522583,
0.7105527520179749,
0.044582948088645935,
0.19682547450065613,
0.43361252546310425,
0.45422303676605225,
0.17053616046905518,
0.7869458794593811,
0.18257705867290497,
1.0806249380111694,
0.8481044173240662,
0.1914486140012741,
0.7314226031303406,
-0.5258525013923645,
0.9766057133674622,
-0.20834828913211823,
0.377787709236145,
0.09710617363452911,
-0.12096597254276276,
0.5668842792510986,
0.630283534526825,
-0.3190096914768219,
-0.08051268756389618,
-0.6213481426239014,
0.1831091195344925,
-0.06913001090288162,
-0.17867720127105713,
-0.15213967859745026,
-0.8517596125602722,
0.8393083214759827,
-0.012176783755421638,
-0.044172946363687515,
-0.45281702280044556,
0.4208228588104248,
0.4413977861404419,
-0.187063068151474,
-0.6539533734321594,
-0.9852074980735779,
-0.5390602946281433,
-0.6500046253204346,
0.6528902649879456,
0.005188060458749533,
0.38263705372810364,
0.2642572820186615,
-0.1772126853466034,
0.33648887276649475,
-0.8563477396965027,
0.16456365585327148,
-0.23030415177345276,
-0.04200763255357742,
0.32358795404434204,
-0.3957003653049469,
-0.01517815887928009,
-0.23009462654590607,
0.08964758366346359,
0.24778826534748077,
0.744502067565918,
1.4513500928878784,
0.6611201167106628,
-1.0074857473373413,
-0.15078456699848175,
0.9225739240646362,
-0.935489296913147,
-0.15412096679210663,
-0.20839902758598328,
-0.0406067818403244,
0.3639530539512634,
-0.10574989765882492,
0.9219974875450134,
0.684374988079071,
0.22131036221981049,
0.18145187199115753,
0.047094713896512985,
0.5062724947929382,
0.8563786149024963,
0.331203430891037,
-0.6920819282531738,
0.3459249436855316,
0.5360833406448364,
-0.09943916648626328,
0.2263035774230957,
-0.6709820628166199,
0.15919704735279083,
-0.050970982760190964,
-0.061746660619974136,
-0.6047173142433167,
0.5568209886550903,
-0.5894525051116943,
-0.45904913544654846,
-0.4454079270362854,
-0.0691184476017952,
0.07744952291250229,
0.4719506502151489,
0.5314029455184937,
0.13426171243190765,
0.2717856764793396,
-0.07804273813962936,
-0.9120084643363953,
-0.14077778160572052,
0.7037451863288879,
0.5129673480987549,
-0.1868811994791031,
0.2946307957172394,
-0.18980668485164642,
-0.15975914895534515,
-0.03271465748548508,
0.23565979301929474,
0.606930136680603,
0.007847570814192295,
0.5611528158187866,
-0.3604721426963806,
-0.33351433277130127,
0.1671767234802246,
-0.6411851048469543,
-0.7587577700614929,
-0.3963899612426758,
-0.2717137336730957,
0.7978054881095886,
0.9852280616760254,
-0.26699307560920715,
-0.48310142755508423,
0.11860396713018417,
1.2571401596069336,
0.2060733139514923,
-0.589810848236084,
-0.4353746473789215,
-0.9171864986419678,
-0.12955884635448456,
0.24503745138645172,
0.8021813631057739,
-0.08600381016731262,
0.009725760668516159,
-0.13088078796863556,
-0.8457391262054443,
0.9906055927276611,
-0.5036798119544983,
-0.20359231531620026,
-0.23564030230045319,
0.11239350587129593,
0.18538422882556915,
-0.30800604820251465,
0.23243899643421173,
-0.34120699763298035,
0.22799408435821533,
0.4656948447227478,
-0.34859633445739746,
0.4165433347225189,
-0.7159766554832458,
-0.5474679470062256,
0.24458549916744232,
-0.4871973693370819,
-0.22883284091949463,
-0.006293672602623701,
-0.4811694324016571,
0.7334057092666626,
-0.7333770990371704,
-4.594923973083496,
0.5694110989570618,
-0.24489010870456696,
-0.7203508615493774,
0.2715396285057068,
-0.7426262497901917,
0.08512107282876968,
-0.7261887192726135,
-0.596554160118103,
0.3087257742881775,
-0.3131684958934784,
-0.3171491026878357,
-0.17984318733215332,
0.5793811082839966,
0.8393170237541199,
0.001833962625823915,
1.1120073795318604,
-0.5592398047447205,
0.5115217566490173,
0.8269954323768616,
-0.7651293873786926,
0.21312502026557922,
0.5600573420524597,
-0.28076520562171936,
0.4589901566505432,
0.3655399978160858,
0.13165852427482605,
-0.6105818152427673,
-0.3378027379512787,
-0.14686407148838043,
0.09553587436676025,
0.34158140420913696,
-0.4613698422908783,
-0.5916241407394409,
0.21330803632736206,
-0.5018274784088135,
0.13179776072502136,
-0.2245440036058426,
0.33377331495285034,
-0.4700215458869934,
0.5896410942077637,
0.5240444540977478,
-0.5291762948036194,
-0.17639140784740448,
0.6665313243865967,
-0.12979741394519806,
-0.3167722523212433,
-0.4167202413082123,
-0.47071653604507446,
1.0831130743026733,
0.9330069422721863,
0.04017086699604988,
0.8543347120285034,
-0.4978281259536743,
0.10184408724308014,
-0.37202948331832886,
-0.016112565994262695,
0.30299946665763855,
-0.9712728261947632,
0.6491464972496033,
-0.125141441822052,
-0.604657769203186,
0.1275443285703659,
0.19935870170593262,
0.22234976291656494,
-0.325492262840271,
0.008045361377298832,
0.08650147169828415,
0.1614409238100052,
0.19361035525798798,
0.0885954424738884,
0.4510856568813324,
-0.40754005312919617,
-0.587764322757721,
0.24018315970897675,
-0.7484362721443176,
-0.35378122329711914,
0.02966359816491604,
-0.7425944805145264,
-0.18820998072624207,
0.3181477189064026,
0.02159978449344635,
0.4222351610660553,
0.8099521398544312,
0.7670719623565674,
-0.6025261878967285,
-0.2341999113559723,
0.31409382820129395,
-0.46390005946159363,
-1.0206339359283447,
0.9099895358085632,
0.19770307838916779,
0.42337730526924133,
-0.4777016043663025,
-0.4495304822921753,
0.0022224390413612127,
0.5956898927688599,
0.16103002429008484,
-0.36843883991241455,
-0.33825600147247314,
0.22409261763095856,
-0.05551759526133537,
-0.09393671900033951,
0.09282227605581284,
-0.0038316240534186363,
-0.5519800782203674,
-0.15088316798210144,
0.5334048271179199,
0.862052857875824,
-0.6794085502624512,
-0.3712233901023865,
-0.03966866806149483,
-0.22463272511959076,
-0.2543908357620239,
0.0319809764623642,
0.19421297311782837,
-0.1326163411140442,
0.06933550536632538,
0.5042553544044495,
0.11290469020605087,
0.29951611161231995,
-0.04645344614982605,
-0.29528576135635376,
-0.16073383390903473,
-0.19151602685451508,
-0.41549190878868103,
0.35294556617736816,
0.007239687722176313,
0.06158924102783203,
0.4795289933681488,
-0.08137044310569763,
0.22377467155456543,
-0.7867026925086975,
-0.009022215381264687,
-0.44503888487815857,
0.4002324044704437,
-0.427878737449646,
-0.9214800000190735,
0.10728176683187485,
0.5597915053367615,
0.6114158630371094,
0.19716385006904602,
-0.2927875518798828,
0.8695337176322937,
-0.27942195534706116,
0.08997123688459396,
0.5298388004302979,
-0.04123483970761299,
-0.8203021287918091,
0.4893637001514435,
-0.778872549533844,
-0.5875590443611145,
-0.043666720390319824,
-0.5960431098937988,
0.5546497106552124,
0.05079641565680504,
0.23762965202331543,
0.5514853596687317,
0.12568357586860657,
-0.13717131316661835,
0.7633427381515503,
-0.18728633224964142,
-0.1062212884426117,
0.760645866394043,
-0.09373520314693451,
-0.3168271780014038,
-0.4885437488555908,
0.20114457607269287,
-0.6813600659370422,
-0.016336891800165176,
0.6022083163261414,
-0.5391163229942322,
-0.4032873213291168,
-0.04794137179851532,
0.23575074970722198,
0.1354607194662094,
0.19520846009254456,
0.5285404920578003,
0.15408501029014587,
-0.14962689578533173,
0.09335926175117493,
-0.36546456813812256,
-0.6331327557563782,
-0.742606520652771,
0.27195650339126587,
-0.5073381662368774,
-0.26516634225845337,
-0.38254091143608093,
0.22218286991119385,
0.1449623852968216,
-0.0009956001304090023,
-0.5035621523857117,
0.18736010789871216,
0.13527359068393707,
0.0705057680606842,
-1.0249414443969727,
0.5043722987174988,
0.010419659316539764,
-0.27908799052238464,
-0.7503088116645813,
0.5289537906646729,
0.32779380679130554,
-0.28414520621299744,
0.11899910867214203,
-0.25977399945259094,
-0.7789546847343445,
0.6677508354187012,
0.9914252758026123,
-0.8737249970436096,
0.8531155586242676,
0.006915010511875153,
-0.7451102137565613,
0.2877907454967499,
0.348591685295105,
-0.19265462458133698,
0.7013658285140991,
0.643098771572113,
0.5190019607543945,
-0.23549102246761322,
-0.2845649719238281,
-0.35415521264076233,
0.15185637772083282,
-0.11494021862745285,
-0.5382891297340393,
-0.4591570198535919,
0.2862221896648407,
0.05887208878993988,
0.13688017427921295,
0.7603805661201477,
-1.076097846031189,
-0.27267518639564514,
0.30582448840141296,
0.3593691289424896,
0.5397533774375916,
0.7566165924072266,
0.16518615186214447,
-0.3925011157989502,
0.11930830031633377,
0.7141198515892029,
0.015952246263623238,
0.039669230580329895,
1.4589344263076782,
0.6141432523727417,
0.17814624309539795,
-0.4226023554801941,
0.47900229692459106,
0.7121731638908386,
0.10078544169664383,
-1.3622069358825684,
0.7356897592544556,
0.6834095120429993,
-0.3193521797657013,
-0.8472342491149902,
0.17611461877822876,
1.0184725522994995,
-0.31297028064727783,
-0.1428452730178833,
0.8942158222198486,
-0.46993106603622437,
0.19552619755268097,
-0.14379654824733734,
0.25093427300453186,
0.32926639914512634,
0.07327373325824738,
0.6016823053359985,
-0.008825740776956081,
-0.11353905498981476,
-0.30360662937164307,
0.015585815533995628,
-0.9255470037460327,
-0.2650872468948364,
-0.2601025700569153,
0.05933137610554695,
-0.023464303463697433,
-0.19310055673122406,
0.0999983623623848,
-0.27035877108573914,
-0.8718662858009338,
-0.3220053017139435,
-0.30499666929244995,
-0.2344844490289688,
-0.4239504337310791,
0.3326578736305237,
-0.3124622702598572,
0.21488241851329803,
-0.46590808033943176,
-0.5305496454238892,
0.22589512169361115,
-0.6675063371658325,
0.27950575947761536,
-0.8460397720336914,
-0.07794218510389328,
0.15052397549152374,
-1.202439308166504,
-0.41130492091178894,
0.6090033054351807,
0.4745200276374817,
0.47423291206359863,
-0.8275494575500488,
0.0497361458837986,
-0.3502761721611023,
0.6820272207260132,
-0.1436072140932083,
-0.4197905957698822,
0.4282553493976593,
0.189333975315094,
-1.0425046682357788,
-1.1677882671356201,
0.6447279453277588,
0.1848500669002533,
0.05880071967840195,
0.039123326539993286,
0.4358130991458893,
0.37998828291893005,
-0.4934321641921997,
0.25952452421188354,
0.2615693509578705,
-0.5884876847267151,
-1.2923723459243774,
0.5096229314804077,
-1.209421157836914,
-0.01454829890280962,
0.5400160551071167,
0.6073334813117981,
0.05635121464729309,
0.8670908212661743,
-0.11777932941913605,
0.23060433566570282,
-0.19344517588615417,
0.26986193656921387,
-0.33106884360313416,
-0.20998245477676392,
-0.5943050980567932,
-0.032439935952425,
-0.397925466299057,
-0.08712209016084671,
0.10478626191616058,
-0.520251452922821,
-0.33054372668266296,
0.3205447793006897,
0.04254455491900444,
0.23150986433029175,
-0.027805166319012642,
-0.034897081553936005,
0.49530714750289917,
-0.21764174103736877,
0.09720686078071594,
0.18859446048736572,
0.23142844438552856,
-0.010737893171608448,
0.19535644352436066,
-0.3912753760814667,
-0.21139609813690186,
-0.6449823379516602,
-0.5725304484367371,
-0.16859373450279236,
0.2509019672870636,
-0.48121318221092224,
-0.6975527405738831,
0.11604287475347519,
-0.4948852062225342,
-0.8413726091384888,
0.93597811460495,
-0.034895606338977814,
-0.1286129504442215,
-0.054769352078437805,
0.2015017420053482,
-0.11632101982831955,
-0.2666168510913849,
0.8513919711112976,
-0.16358846426010132,
0.33681637048721313,
0.03288031369447708,
0.06557111442089081,
0.4076390564441681,
0.5399438142776489,
0.15778277814388275,
0.5585507750511169,
-0.07773900777101517,
0.22416791319847107,
-0.6632987260818481,
0.0921148955821991,
-0.45109641551971436,
-0.29896828532218933,
-0.48144128918647766,
-0.1612703502178192,
-0.28864097595214844,
-0.3620412051677704,
-0.030189506709575653,
-0.6448898911476135,
-0.11053624749183655,
-0.1440943479537964,
-0.25543197989463806,
0.01659165881574154,
-0.036002036184072495,
0.15259361267089844,
0.0005479935207404196,
0.5140423774719238,
0.7977460026741028,
0.3226550221443176,
0.09775938093662262,
0.16634313762187958,
0.1998755931854248,
-0.3200007975101471,
0.5235850214958191,
0.6343433856964111,
-0.28311386704444885,
0.46357885003089905,
-1.0844510793685913,
0.4392668604850769,
-0.8355123400688171,
0.2871573269367218,
-0.46684885025024414,
0.6912938356399536,
-0.25493699312210083,
-0.04776201397180557,
0.6868771314620972,
-0.18065659701824188,
-0.4852943420410156,
-0.14571760594844818,
0.058115147054195404,
-0.9679402112960815,
0.7892001867294312,
0.3523196280002594,
-0.01142770517617464,
-0.34818214178085327,
-0.2566918134689331,
-0.17663396894931793,
-0.8396048545837402,
0.37651675939559937,
0.13941971957683563,
-1.0141066312789917,
0.0019791540689766407,
-0.2069808542728424,
-0.47770175337791443,
-0.27666717767715454,
-0.47141262888908386,
1.5522353649139404,
0.2051418274641037,
-0.7299870848655701,
-0.16532354056835175,
0.01336950995028019,
0.05355236306786537,
-0.05827518180012703,
1.1908105611801147,
0.45662054419517517,
-0.807424008846283,
-0.6672797799110413,
-1.2015782594680786,
0.336335152387619,
-0.11755937337875366,
-0.2486669272184372,
0.3826062083244324,
-0.3624492883682251,
0.4903419017791748,
0.07193825393915176,
0.5427802801132202,
-0.3283712565898895,
1.080190658569336,
-0.22327429056167603
]
|
123450 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy%20of%20physics | Philosophy of physics | In philosophy, philosophy of physics deals with conceptual and interpretational issues in modern physics, many of which overlap with research done by certain kinds of theoretical physicists. Philosophy of physics can be broadly lumped into three areas:
interpretations of quantum mechanics: mainly concerning issues with how to formulate an adequate response to the measurement problem and understand what the theory says about reality.
the nature of space and time: Are space and time substances, or purely relational? Is simultaneity conventional or only relative? Is temporal asymmetry purely reducible to thermodynamic asymmetry?
inter-theoretic relations: the relationship between various physical theories, such as thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. This overlaps with the issue of scientific reduction.
Philosophy of space and time
The existence and nature of space and time (or space-time) are central topics in the philosophy of physics.
Time
Time is often thought to be a fundamental quantity (that is, a quantity which cannot be defined in terms of other quantities), because time seems like a fundamentally basic concept, such that one cannot define it in terms of anything simpler. However, certain theories such as loop quantum gravity claim that spacetime is emergent. As Carlo Rovelli, one of the founders of loop quantum gravity has said: "No more fields on spacetime: just fields on fields". Time is defined via measurement—by its standard time interval. Currently, the standard time interval (called "conventional second", or simply "second") is defined as 9,192,631,770 oscillations of a hyperfine transition in the 133 caesium atom. (ISO 31-1). What time is and how it works follows from the above definition. Time then can be combined mathematically with the fundamental quantities of space and mass to define concepts such as velocity, momentum, energy, and fields.
Both Newton and Galileo,
as well as most people up until the 20th century, thought that time was the same for everyone everywhere.
The modern conception of time is based on Einstein's theory of relativity and Minkowski's spacetime, in which rates of time run differently in different inertial frames of reference, and space and time are merged into spacetime. Time may be quantized, with the theoretical smallest time being on the order of the Planck time. Einstein's general relativity as well as the redshift of the light from receding distant galaxies indicate that the entire Universe and possibly space-time itself began about 13.8 billion years ago in the Big Bang. Einstein's theory of special relativity mostly (though not universally) made theories of time where there is something metaphysically special about the present seem much less plausible, as the reference-frame-dependence of time seems to not allow the idea of a privileged present moment.
Time travel
Some theories, most notably special and general relativity, suggest that suitable geometries of spacetime, or certain types of motion in space, may allow time travel into the past and future. Concepts that aid such understanding include the closed timelike curve.
Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity (and, by extension, the general theory) predicts time dilation that could be interpreted as time travel. The theory states that, relative to a stationary observer, time appears to pass more slowly for faster-moving bodies: for example, a moving clock will appear to run slow; as a clock approaches the speed of light its hands will appear to nearly stop moving. The effects of this sort of time dilation are discussed further in the popular "twin paradox". Although these results are experimentally observable, an intrinsic aspect of Einstein' theory is an equation applicable to the operation of GPS satellites and other high-tech systems used in daily life.
A second, similar type of time travel is permitted by general relativity. In this type a distant observer sees time passing more slowly for a clock at the bottom of a deep gravity well, and a clock lowered into a deep gravity well and pulled back up will indicate that less time has passed compared to a stationary clock that stayed with the distant observer.
Many in the scientific community believe that backward time travel is highly unlikely, because it violates causality i.e. the logic of cause and effect. For example, what happens if you attempt to go back in time and kill yourself at an earlier stage in your life (or your grandfather, which leads to the grandfather paradox)? Stephen Hawking once suggested that the absence of tourists from the future constitutes a strong argument against the existence of time travel— a variant of the Fermi paradox, with time travelers instead of alien visitors.
Space
Space is one of the few fundamental quantities in physics, meaning that it cannot be defined via other quantities because there is nothing more fundamental known at present. Thus, similar to the definition of other fundamental quantities (like time and mass), space is defined via measurement. Currently, the standard space interval, called a standard metre or simply metre, is defined as the distance traveled by light in a vacuum during a time interval of 1/299792458 of a second (exact).
In classical physics, space is a three-dimensional Euclidean space where any position can be described using three coordinates and parameterised by time. Special and general relativity use four-dimensional spacetime rather than three-dimensional space; and currently there are many speculative theories which use more than four spatial dimensions.
Philosophy of quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics is a large focus of contemporary philosophy of physics, specifically concerning the correct interpretation of quantum mechanics. Very broadly, much of the philosophical work that is done in quantum theory is trying to make sense of superposition states: the property that particles seem to not just be in one determinate position at one time, but are somewhere 'here', and also 'there' at the same time. Such a radical view turns many common sense metaphysical ideas on their head. Much of contemporary philosophy of quantum mechanics aims to make sense of what the very empirically successful formalism of quantum mechanics tells us about the physical world.
The Everett interpretation
The Everett, or many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics claims that the wave-function of a quantum system is telling us claims about the reality of that physical system. It denies wavefunction collapse, and claims that superposition states should be interpreted literally as describing the reality of many-worlds where objects are located, and not simply indicating the indeterminacy of those variables. This is sometimes argued as a corollary of scientific realism, which states that scientific theories aim to give us literally true descriptions of the world.
One issue for the Everett interpretation is the role that probability plays on this account. The Everettian account is completely deterministic, whereas probability seems to play an ineliminable role in quantum mechanics. Contemporary Everettians have argued that one can get an account of probability that follows the Born rule through certain decision-theoretic proofs.
Physicist Roland Omnés noted that it is impossible to experimentally differentiate between Everett's view, which says that as the wave-function decoheres into distinct worlds, each of which exists equally, and the more traditional view that says that a decoherent wave-function leaves only one unique real result. Hence, the dispute between the two views represents a great "chasm." "Every characteristic of reality has reappeared in its reconstruction by our theoretical model; every feature except one: the uniqueness of facts."
Uncertainty principle
The uncertainty principle is a mathematical relation asserting an upper limit to the accuracy of the simultaneous measurement of any pair of conjugate variables, e.g. position and momentum. In the formalism of operator notation, this limit is the evaluation of the commutator of the variables' corresponding operators.
The uncertainty principle arose as an answer to the question: How does one measure the location of an electron around a nucleus if an electron is a wave? When quantum mechanics was developed, it was seen to be a relation between the classical and quantum descriptions of a system using wave mechanics.
In March 1927, working in Niels Bohr's institute, Werner Heisenberg formulated the principle of uncertainty thereby laying the foundation of what became known as the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics. Heisenberg had been studying the papers of Paul Dirac and Pascual Jordan. He discovered a problem with measurement of basic variables in the equations. His analysis showed that uncertainties, or imprecisions, always turned up if one tried to measure the position and the momentum of a particle at the same time. Heisenberg concluded that these uncertainties or imprecisions in the measurements were not the fault of the experimenter, but fundamental in nature and are inherent mathematical properties of operators in quantum mechanics arising from definitions of these operators.<ref>Niels Bohr, Atomic Physics and Human Knowledge, p. 38</ref>
The term Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics was often used interchangeably with and as a synonym for Heisenberg's uncertainty principle by detractors (such as Einstein and the physicist Alfred Landé) who believed in determinism and saw the common features of the Bohr–Heisenberg theories as a threat. Within the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics the uncertainty principle was taken to mean that on an elementary level, the physical universe does not exist in a deterministic form, but rather as a collection of probabilities, or possible outcomes. For example, the pattern (probability distribution) produced by millions of photons passing through a diffraction slit can be calculated using quantum mechanics, but the exact path of each photon cannot be predicted by any known method. The Copenhagen interpretation holds that it cannot be predicted by any method, not even with theoretically infinitely precise measurements.
History of the philosophy of physics
Aristotelian physics
Aristotelian physics viewed the universe as a sphere with a center. Matter, composed of the classical elements, earth, water, air, and fire, sought to go down towards the center of the universe, the center of the earth, or up, away from it. Things in the aether such as the moon, the sun, planets, or stars circled the center of the universe. Movement is defined as change in place, i.e. space.
Newtonian physics
The implicit axioms of Aristotelian physics with respect to movement of matter in space were superseded in Newtonian physics by Newton's First Law of Motion.
"Every body" includes the Moon, and an apple; and includes all types of matter, air as well as water, stones, or even a flame. Nothing has a natural or inherent motion. Absolute space being three-dimensional Euclidean space, infinite and without a center. Being "at rest" means being at the same place in absolute space over time. The topology and affine structure of space must permit movement in a straight line at a uniform velocity; thus both space and time must have definite, stable dimensions.
Leibniz
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, 1646 – 1716, was a contemporary of Newton. He contributed a fair amount to the statics and dynamics emerging around him, often disagreeing with Descartes and Newton. He devised a new theory of motion (dynamics) based on kinetic energy and potential energy, which posited space as relative, whereas Newton was thoroughly convinced that space was absolute. An important example of Leibniz's mature physical thinking is his Specimen Dynamicum of 1695.
Until the discovery of subatomic particles and the quantum mechanics governing them, many of Leibniz's speculative ideas about aspects of nature not reducible to statics and dynamics made little sense.
He anticipated Albert Einstein by arguing, against Newton, that space, time and motion are relative, not absolute: "As for my own opinion, I have said more than once, that I hold space to be something merely relative, as time is, that I hold it to be an order of coexistences, as time is an order of successions."
Quotes from Einstein's work on the importance of the philosophy of physics
Albert Einstein was extremely interested in the philosophical conclusions of his work. He writes:
"I fully agree with you about the significance and educational value of methodology as well as history and philosophy of science. So many people today—and even professional scientists—seem to me like somebody who has seen thousands of trees but has never seen a forest. A knowledge of the historic and philosophical background gives that kind of independence from prejudices of his generation from which most scientists are suffering. This independence created by philosophical insight is—in my opinion—the mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialist and a real seeker after truth." Einstein. letter to Robert A. Thornton, 7 December 1944. EA 61–574.
Elsewhere:
"How does it happen that a properly endowed natural scientist comes to concern himself with epistemology? Is there no more valuable work in his specialty? I hear many of my colleagues saying, and I sense it from many more, that they feel this way. I cannot share this sentiment. ... Concepts that have proven useful in ordering things easily achieve such an authority over us that we forget their earthly origins and accept them as unalterable givens. Thus they come to be stamped as 'necessities of thought,' 'a priori givens,' etc."
"The path of scientific advance is often made impassable for a long time through such errors. For that reason, it is by no means an idle game if we become practiced in analyzing the long-commonplace concepts and exhibiting [revealing, exposing? -Ed.] those circumstances upon which their justification and usefulness depend, how they have grown up, individually, out of the givens of experience. By this means, their all-too-great authority will be broken." Einstein, 1916, "Memorial notice for Ernst Mach," Physikalische Zeitschrift 17: 101–02.
See also
Anthropic principle
Arrow of time
Causality (physics)
Causal closure
Constructor theory
Determinism
Digital philosophy
Digital physics
Mind-body dualism
Field (physics)
Functional decomposition
Fundamental interaction
Holism
Instrumentalism
Laws of thermodynamics
Macroscopic
Mesoscopic scale
Modal realism
Monism
Pluralism
Physical ontology
Naturalism:
Metaphysical
Methodological
Operationalism
Phenomenology
Phenomenology (particle physics)
Philosophy of:
Classical physics
Space & time
Thermodynamics & statistical mechanics
Motion
Physical
Bodies
Law
System
Physicalism
Physics
Aristotle
Physics envy
Quantum theory:
Bohr-Einstein debates
Einstein's thought experiments
EPR paradox
Interpretations of
Metaphysics
Mysticism
Reductionism
Relativity:
General
Special
Space
Absolute theory
Container space
Free space
Relational space
Relational theory
Spacetime
Supervenience
Symmetry in physics
Theophysics
Time in physics
References
Further reading
David Albert, 1994. Quantum Mechanics and Experience. Harvard Univ. Press.
John D. Barrow and Frank J. Tipler, 1986. The Cosmological Anthropic Principle. Oxford Univ. Press.
Beisbart, C. and S. Hartmann, eds., 2011. "Probabilities in Physics". Oxford Univ. Press.
John S. Bell, 2004 (1987), Speakable and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics. Cambridge Univ. Press.
David Bohm, 1980. Wholeness and the Implicate Order. Routledge.
Nick Bostrom, 2002. Anthropic Bias: Observation Selection Effects in Science and Philosophy. Routledge.
Thomas Brody, 1993, Ed. by Luis de la Peña and Peter E. Hodgson The Philosophy Behind Physics Springer
Harvey Brown, 2005. Physical Relativity. Space-time structure from a dynamical perspective. Oxford Univ. Press.
Butterfield, J., and John Earman, eds., 2007. Philosophy of Physics, Parts A and B. Elsevier.
Craig Callender and Nick Huggett, 2001. Physics Meets Philosophy at the Planck Scale. Cambridge Univ. Press.
David Deutsch, 1997. The Fabric of Reality. London: The Penguin Press.
Bernard d'Espagnat, 1989. Reality and the Physicist. Cambridge Univ. Press. Trans. of Une incertaine réalité; le monde quantique, la connaissance et la durée.
--------, 1995. Veiled Reality. Addison-Wesley.
--------, 2006. On Physics and Philosophy. Princeton Univ. Press.
Roland Omnes, 1994. The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics. Princeton Univ. Press.
--------, 1999. Quantum Philosophy. Princeton Univ. Press.
Huw Price, 1996. Time's Arrow and Archimedes's Point. Oxford Univ. Press.
Lawrence Sklar, 1992. Philosophy of Physics. Westview Press. ,
Victor Stenger, 2000. Timeless Reality. Prometheus Books.
Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, 1980. The Unity of Nature. Farrar Straus & Giroux.
Werner Heisenberg, 1971. Physics and Beyond: Encounters and Conversations. Harper & Row (World Perspectives series), 1971.
William Berkson, 1974. Fields of Force''. Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Philosophy of Physics, David Z. Albert
External links
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy:
"Absolute and Relational Theories of Space and Motion"—Nick Huggett and Carl Hoefer
"Being and Becoming in Modern Physics"—Steven Savitt
"Boltzmann's Work in Statistical Physics"—Jos Uffink
"Conventionality of Simultaneity"—Allen Janis
"Early Philosophical Interpretations of General Relativity"—Thomas A. Ryckman
"Everett's Relative-State Formulation of Quantum Mechanics"—Jeffrey A. Barrett
"Experiments in Physics"—Allan Franklin
"Holism and Nonseparability in Physics"—Richard Healey
"Intertheory Relations in Physics"—Robert Batterman
"Naturalism"—David Papineau
"Philosophy of Statistical Mechanics"—Lawrence Sklar
"Physicalism"—Daniel Sojkal
"Quantum Mechanics"—Jenann Ismael
"Reichenbach's Common Cause Principle"—Frank Artzenius
"Structural Realism"—James Ladyman
"Structuralism in Physics"—Heinz-Juergen Schmidt
"Supertasks"—JB Manchak and Bryan Roberts
"Symmetry and Symmetry Breaking"—Katherine Brading and Elena Castellani
"Thermodynamic Asymmetry in Time"—Craig Callender
"Time"—by Ned Markosian
"Time Machines" —John Earman, Chris Wüthrich, and JB Manchak
"Uncertainty principle"—Jan Hilgevoord and Jos Uffink
"The Unity of Science"—Jordi Cat
Physics
Physics
Applied and interdisciplinary physics | [
0.08877824991941452,
0.4987117052078247,
-0.6962181925773621,
0.3642326891422272,
-0.3344676196575165,
0.07302598655223846,
0.30831658840179443,
0.023928258568048477,
0.03142457455396652,
-0.25297868251800537,
-0.5594097971916199,
0.45905524492263794,
-0.227559432387352,
0.09683496505022049,
0.2812451422214508,
-0.42482230067253113,
0.6914188861846924,
-0.01737368479371071,
-0.05416928604245186,
-0.25240635871887207,
-0.241133451461792,
0.6045095324516296,
0.16619707643985748,
-0.36801978945732117,
-0.1666465699672699,
-0.38857173919677734,
0.2512226700782776,
0.04419482499361038,
0.03977026045322418,
0.25512129068374634,
-0.21273574233055115,
0.5652562379837036,
-0.7480844855308533,
-0.07470338046550751,
-0.11547569930553436,
-0.07029087096452713,
0.08135877549648285,
0.6613738536834717,
0.1408514827489853,
-0.08850901573896408,
0.21173684298992157,
0.09869395196437836,
0.1174943596124649,
-0.38694483041763306,
-0.5255385041236877,
-0.4449422359466553,
-0.8850100040435791,
0.011986983008682728,
-0.8229120969772339,
-0.05328409746289253,
-0.2242221236228943,
-0.13274405896663666,
0.26962757110595703,
0.4711053669452667,
-0.4765281677246094,
0.43093571066856384,
-0.552575409412384,
0.08602984249591827,
0.03790980577468872,
-0.14552462100982666,
0.2607882022857666,
0.17872324585914612,
-0.06653279066085815,
0.19060978293418884,
0.717910647392273,
0.4252219498157501,
-0.33577513694763184,
-0.19573825597763062,
-0.14676526188850403,
-0.27476707100868225,
0.05241892486810684,
-0.6432180404663086,
-0.49811577796936035,
0.12281768023967743,
-0.23322062194347382,
-0.2636948823928833,
0.7271311283111572,
0.01573464833199978,
-0.431362509727478,
-0.1629791259765625,
-0.5286464095115662,
0.5266355872154236,
0.5300998687744141,
0.07561586052179337,
0.1914180964231491,
0.3036773204803467,
-0.40732795000076294,
0.5636789202690125,
-0.2061532437801361,
0.7257949709892273,
0.5342026948928833,
-0.14723366498947144,
0.6504460573196411,
0.06933970749378204,
0.41433483362197876,
0.5457307696342468,
0.8800098299980164,
-0.07203438133001328,
-0.09272915124893188,
-0.13169537484645844,
-0.4476628601551056,
0.3561627268791199,
0.897256076335907,
-0.21014513075351715,
-0.10731474310159683,
-0.08436303585767746,
0.33624139428138733,
-0.8111510872840881,
-0.06696081906557083,
0.12163033336400986,
-0.7848138809204102,
0.2843843996524811,
-0.029597124084830284,
0.3899897634983063,
-0.7275877594947815,
0.11545009911060333,
-0.1210051029920578,
-0.3470933139324188,
-0.2685001492500305,
0.5357632637023926,
0.1545865386724472,
0.3628414273262024,
0.17192800343036652,
0.009142853319644928,
0.20647026598453522,
0.007378814741969109,
0.9203128814697266,
0.7430013418197632,
-0.216415673494339,
-0.159883052110672,
0.024573035538196564,
1.3078523874282837,
0.22298569977283478,
-0.35114917159080505,
-0.12980709969997406,
0.27046284079551697,
0.964124321937561,
-0.17462292313575745,
-0.42690718173980713,
0.5921435952186584,
-0.4738825857639313,
-0.5976757407188416,
-0.6623735427856445,
-0.039353322237730026,
-0.05405046045780182,
-0.7144782543182373,
0.03665735945105553,
-0.2903084456920624,
-0.12321633845567703,
-0.032723259180784225,
-0.5506177544593811,
0.24482056498527527,
-0.0521831288933754,
-0.06232546269893646,
0.5973688960075378,
0.23227068781852722,
0.29141709208488464,
0.9101791381835938,
0.11009713262319565,
-0.0399930439889431,
-0.26617494225502014,
-0.6531610488891602,
-0.195754736661911,
-0.08680056780576706,
0.15263913571834564,
-0.46768125891685486,
0.3904629945755005,
0.25509655475616455,
0.11680971086025238,
0.31317079067230225,
0.03974151611328125,
-0.4932861328125,
-0.1514776051044464,
-0.13209055364131927,
0.30838239192962646,
-0.16617998480796814,
0.7092295289039612,
0.3362826406955719,
0.3878820836544037,
-0.0170934796333313,
-0.5353217720985413,
-0.05594181641936302,
-0.03624366596341133,
-0.3249114751815796,
0.66378253698349,
-0.43671414256095886,
0.008498473092913628,
-0.24887405335903168,
0.06855953484773636,
0.3364637494087219,
-0.8077458143234253,
-0.2721306383609772,
0.3570803105831146,
-0.5248686075210571,
1.1244181394577026,
-0.24648356437683105,
-0.5226393342018127,
1.0648010969161987,
-0.436050683259964,
0.39767855405807495,
-0.19252608716487885,
-0.5150576829910278,
0.10159673541784286,
0.49152326583862305,
-0.463227778673172,
0.7627008557319641,
0.08046837151050568,
0.32378214597702026,
0.23315994441509247,
0.2864130735397339,
0.5742827653884888,
-0.06891719996929169,
-0.21760441362857819,
-0.5143483877182007,
-0.2433967888355255,
0.0811966136097908,
-0.7778007388114929,
0.07663233578205109,
-0.2901422381401062,
-0.06464770436286926,
0.8352770805358887,
-0.5351294875144958,
0.529220700263977,
0.12083369493484497,
-0.017980849370360374,
0.17963579297065735,
0.5754411816596985,
0.5221903324127197,
0.5355045199394226,
-1.2051467895507812,
0.3645046353340149,
-0.18160559237003326,
0.5571938157081604,
0.10828019678592682,
-0.6974000930786133,
0.2964303493499756,
-0.04074881598353386,
-0.32249775528907776,
-0.21193867921829224,
-0.6442744731903076,
0.2519160211086273,
-0.12494026124477386,
-0.47697004675865173,
0.7515801191329956,
-0.2498825192451477,
0.12736880779266357,
-0.5586757659912109,
0.019291965290904045,
-0.7028671503067017,
0.2757328152656555,
-0.4878314137458801,
0.46950486302375793,
0.12507422268390656,
0.006185730453580618,
-0.16184447705745697,
-0.038851477205753326,
-0.5602284073829651,
0.296624094247818,
0.8876194953918457,
0.18401187658309937,
-0.1296781450510025,
0.021856240928173065,
0.40019455552101135,
0.3143691122531891,
-0.7518869042396545,
-0.39321771264076233,
-0.27467241883277893,
-0.02313324622809887,
-0.0801672637462616,
0.5619282722473145,
0.15698011219501495,
-0.2461615800857544,
-0.3590274155139923,
-0.16639025509357452,
-0.058717574924230576,
-1.0000663995742798,
0.18770438432693481,
-0.004008263349533081,
-0.9167982935905457,
-0.21332819759845734,
0.0333392433822155,
0.5812946557998657,
0.46921294927597046,
-0.329510360956192,
-0.15465973317623138,
-0.20445245504379272,
0.29627856612205505,
-0.35259974002838135,
0.34110602736473083,
0.47405046224594116,
-0.2103717029094696,
-0.14138580858707428,
0.0001533023314550519,
-0.495329350233078,
0.3631958067417145,
0.4781944453716278,
0.12379571795463562,
-0.12607847154140472,
-0.16161061823368073,
0.019714917987585068,
-0.6986696124076843,
0.40673357248306274,
-0.2599114179611206,
0.43597665429115295,
-0.18051327764987946,
-0.26607441902160645,
-0.50588059425354,
0.9260421395301819,
-5.523650646209717,
-0.39630091190338135,
-0.6417412757873535,
-0.49643251299858093,
-0.4257587790489197,
0.4411636292934418,
0.550528347492218,
-0.21600160002708435,
-0.2675935626029968,
-0.2218111902475357,
-0.24912075698375702,
0.06801150739192963,
-0.19296567142009735,
1.2997536659240723,
0.5681912302970886,
0.003756107995286584,
-0.12806808948516846,
0.055024631321430206,
-0.2335040122270584,
0.4513789713382721,
-0.020169278606772423,
0.22793163359165192,
-0.1941668689250946,
0.9067369103431702,
0.06949126720428467,
0.4937411844730377,
-0.35371941328048706,
0.49904707074165344,
0.05547093227505684,
-0.16057494282722473,
0.32829490303993225,
-0.31400373578071594,
-0.06887265294790268,
-0.5290567278862,
0.4531915485858917,
0.37754425406455994,
0.7232034802436829,
0.11836181581020355,
0.18941625952720642,
0.07561545819044113,
-0.14490768313407898,
0.4596802592277527,
-0.06880798935890198,
0.08549115061759949,
0.19612480700016022,
-0.1269320398569107,
-0.6541575193405151,
0.525833785533905,
-0.44282811880111694,
0.459174782037735,
-0.5240001082420349,
-0.1052209734916687,
0.17805586755275726,
-0.1709543615579605,
0.3508342504501343,
0.22545810043811798,
0.3628424406051636,
-0.47959214448928833,
-0.511680006980896,
-0.4114082157611847,
0.26482051610946655,
-0.605205237865448,
0.018927067518234253,
-0.7664087414741516,
-0.03636813163757324,
-0.00277514336630702,
-1.1521097421646118,
-0.3680957853794098,
0.5165037512779236,
-0.16051585972309113,
-0.2818487584590912,
0.2435530424118042,
0.07031670957803726,
-0.7225072383880615,
-0.05883585661649704,
-0.05371559411287308,
-0.25178763270378113,
-0.14698103070259094,
0.3046761751174927,
0.461311936378479,
-0.18179014325141907,
-0.26490381360054016,
-0.5345314145088196,
-0.0609155036509037,
0.16807135939598083,
-0.10966066271066666,
-0.352305144071579,
-0.4302479922771454,
-0.5558440685272217,
-0.18333560228347778,
0.8682419061660767,
-0.18811579048633575,
0.4099522531032562,
0.5832918882369995,
0.4293436110019684,
0.5606898665428162,
0.02097805216908455,
0.11716756969690323,
0.4095335602760315,
-0.2922937870025635,
0.3666040301322937,
-0.24421392381191254,
0.0480419360101223,
-0.8219212889671326,
-0.38636431097984314,
0.19065557420253754,
-0.5300800800323486,
0.8522270917892456,
0.6434109807014465,
-0.7752691507339478,
0.007906468585133553,
0.21665960550308228,
-0.039710842072963715,
-0.37043875455856323,
0.48993435502052307,
0.1962757408618927,
-0.9403054714202881,
0.3187759518623352,
0.12167482078075409,
0.5038500428199768,
0.25625690817832947,
-0.38715970516204834,
-0.08129052817821503,
-0.1576080471277237,
-0.44639742374420166,
-0.030353477224707603,
-0.006495967507362366,
0.33801960945129395,
-0.3558518886566162,
0.29911109805107117,
0.17583312094211578,
0.2782943844795227,
0.3911297917366028,
0.3065013587474823,
0.6349037289619446,
-0.38774657249450684,
0.07888283580541611,
-0.03634284809231758,
-0.015586772933602333,
-0.6795564293861389,
0.5866701602935791,
0.13914108276367188,
0.6344478726387024,
0.24871505796909332,
0.29040876030921936,
-0.050549715757369995,
-0.38866955041885376,
0.2842041552066803,
-0.47046032547950745,
0.737872302532196,
0.3211868405342102,
-0.535375714302063,
0.4974144995212555,
-0.08574557304382324,
0.015023228712379932,
0.43668851256370544,
-0.3450668752193451,
0.25978776812553406,
0.33486005663871765,
-0.1353078931570053,
0.059660378843545914,
-0.032086264342069626,
-1.0497643947601318,
-0.19483236968517303,
0.148959681391716,
-0.006353938020765781,
-0.7675603628158569,
-0.1803457885980606,
-0.24904781579971313,
0.2743932604789734,
0.4344108998775482,
-0.426949143409729,
-0.18976664543151855,
-0.7008231282234192,
0.4159862995147705,
0.33143851161003113,
-0.10339979827404022,
0.5425242781639099,
-0.0309643242508173,
-0.567590057849884,
0.507392168045044,
-0.8422936797142029,
-0.2357620894908905,
0.26445549726486206,
0.4792715311050415,
-0.30394279956817627,
0.6158357262611389,
-0.16676181554794312,
-0.44920140504837036,
0.0343889445066452,
0.28450629115104675,
0.5100589394569397,
0.5248953104019165,
-0.011442657560110092,
-0.3682118356227875,
-0.3136724829673767,
0.08345896750688553,
-0.02586021088063717,
-0.21652095019817352,
-0.6715219020843506,
0.5463935136795044,
0.2713884711265564,
-0.39294034242630005,
0.09399872273206711,
0.9062826037406921,
-0.8226916193962097,
0.26566633582115173,
-0.2562307119369507,
-0.16985882818698883,
0.44857555627822876,
-0.5245630741119385,
-0.0576658695936203,
0.3614213466644287,
-0.5084811449050903,
-0.495244562625885,
0.17485350370407104,
0.4363434612751007,
-0.4644942581653595,
-0.49067142605781555,
0.018026845529675484,
-0.02251352183520794,
-0.06616594642400742,
-0.74972003698349,
-0.34480249881744385,
-0.17810940742492676,
-0.3306899070739746,
0.3867669999599457,
-0.3559976816177368,
0.2412775605916977,
-0.7038440108299255,
-0.5252218842506409,
-0.12432227283716202,
-0.16666744649410248,
-0.3911988437175751,
-0.19441547989845276,
-0.3569650650024414,
0.07794371992349625,
0.429367333650589,
-0.4398573935031891,
-0.37704405188560486,
0.16088981926441193,
0.22514380514621735,
-0.15846937894821167,
-0.45397722721099854,
0.03272544965147972,
0.30120864510536194,
0.8964604139328003,
-0.5536012053489685,
-1.0031205415725708,
0.002786643337458372,
0.4504043757915497,
-0.49350693821907043,
-0.6654354333877563,
-0.35949158668518066,
0.5419405102729797,
0.27674829959869385,
-0.5542577505111694,
-0.32024726271629333,
0.2670508325099945,
0.13570229709148407,
0.4256089925765991,
-0.8234031796455383,
-1.1105533838272095,
-0.38139161467552185,
-0.0764518529176712,
-0.1422019749879837,
0.27284789085388184,
-0.46123042702674866,
0.3775964677333832,
-0.43485143780708313,
0.10703029483556747,
-0.47709569334983826,
0.20802506804466248,
0.042621858417987823,
0.39412006735801697,
0.25886282324790955,
-0.3783775269985199,
-0.1264810413122177,
-0.33176785707473755,
-0.3369086980819702,
-0.11351747065782547,
0.3167520761489868,
0.01982155628502369,
-0.5498650670051575,
0.70028156042099,
-0.7169591188430786,
0.897092342376709,
0.014040037989616394,
-0.28184837102890015,
0.41701802611351013,
-0.9174661040306091,
-0.28497645258903503,
-0.11883407831192017,
0.030444132164120674,
-0.03015034832060337,
0.0061151422560215,
-0.20979851484298706,
-0.03705144673585892,
-0.25626248121261597,
-0.3135942816734314,
-0.22507114708423615,
0.2628522217273712,
0.2115119993686676,
-0.7095299363136292,
0.6942022442817688,
0.05095081031322479,
0.009033744223415852,
0.11327323317527771,
-0.19484169781208038,
0.18708431720733643,
0.13129477202892303,
0.7120143175125122,
-0.021244768053293228,
0.4667118489742279,
-0.050665780901908875,
0.20196279883384705,
0.8606880903244019,
-0.4743387997150421,
0.8453046083450317,
0.628629207611084,
0.35660216212272644,
-0.015052375383675098,
0.9060192704200745,
-0.5617663860321045,
-0.6615368127822876,
0.13934077322483063,
-0.45409902930259705,
0.18413704633712769,
0.11266833543777466,
-0.15733735263347626,
0.7608069777488708,
0.3358520567417145,
-0.07644234597682953,
0.44814154505729675,
-0.4765253961086273,
-0.28961819410324097,
0.27505040168762207,
-0.4237331748008728,
-0.584749162197113,
0.4577771723270416,
0.6571601033210754,
0.7628363370895386,
-0.2434835582971573,
0.20526599884033203,
-0.08394340425729752,
0.656053364276886,
0.37409836053848267,
0.9077003002166748,
-0.5462918281555176,
0.07106724381446838,
0.4774017632007599,
-0.11361487954854965,
0.6191363334655762,
-0.3152381181716919,
0.12412813305854797,
-0.40004485845565796,
0.15689344704151154,
-0.2982965409755707,
0.13428160548210144,
0.1350887566804886,
-0.1322021484375,
0.4489576518535614,
0.13054300844669342,
0.10052579641342163,
0.8122576475143433,
0.7577335238456726,
-0.2070646435022354,
-0.45895278453826904,
0.4232428967952728,
-0.17417196929454803,
-0.32298901677131653,
0.4635181128978729,
-0.3399514853954315,
0.4046969413757324,
-0.6369745135307312,
-0.3828347623348236,
0.3962174654006958,
0.14190730452537537,
0.10309386998414993,
-0.4604426920413971,
0.1094382032752037,
-0.10732884705066681,
-0.4628585875034332,
-0.5417256355285645,
0.4585328698158264,
0.023623572662472725,
0.22507359087467194,
0.36001652479171753,
-0.8797223567962646,
0.13005274534225464,
-0.4302482604980469,
-0.39130982756614685,
-0.0020678595174103975,
-0.05793860927224159,
-0.3440481126308441,
0.04260415583848953,
-0.012223008088767529,
0.4260517656803131,
-0.09535104781389236,
0.17163428664207458,
0.16665633022785187,
-0.10321907699108124,
0.018352866172790527,
0.40253719687461853,
-1.1236921548843384,
0.3228779733181,
-0.33594071865081787,
-0.1254446655511856,
-1.0911437273025513,
0.6195869445800781,
0.04136503487825394,
-0.00630949204787612,
0.12155062705278397,
0.22148726880550385,
-0.14548267424106598,
-0.04192518815398216,
0.34424707293510437,
-0.5712786316871643,
0.276016503572464,
0.16657623648643494,
0.02135671116411686,
-0.2511136829853058,
0.40642040967941284,
0.5632056593894958,
-0.38678833842277527,
-0.49019819498062134,
0.1983426958322525,
0.1529754102230072,
-0.013738006353378296,
-0.33590272068977356,
0.06783837825059891,
0.08396239578723907,
-0.6027534008026123,
0.6140375137329102,
0.10713378340005875,
-0.3999629318714142,
0.187027707695961,
0.30145493149757385,
-0.08643537759780884,
-0.6937729120254517,
-0.0970098227262497,
0.2271735966205597,
-0.06304704397916794,
0.8636689782142639,
-1.0499829053878784,
0.33845826983451843,
-0.48073136806488037,
-0.5837033987045288,
-0.2816571295261383,
0.6263147592544556,
0.08273540437221527,
0.07900623977184296,
0.2586110830307007,
-0.5879740118980408,
-0.19617119431495667,
0.241007462143898,
0.6190993785858154,
-0.37947404384613037,
0.3351495563983917,
0.8893100619316101
]
|
123451 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homicide | Homicide | Homicide is an act of a person killing another person. A homicide requires only a volitional act that causes the death of another, and thus a homicide may result from accidental, reckless, or negligent acts even if there is no intent to cause harm. Homicides can be divided into many overlapping legal categories, including murder, manslaughter, justifiable homicide, assassination, killing in war (either following the laws of war or as a war crime), euthanasia, and capital punishment, depending on the circumstances of the death. These different types of homicides are often treated very differently in human societies; some are considered crimes, while others are permitted or even ordered by the legal system.
Criminality
Criminal homicide takes many forms including accidental killing or murder. Criminal homicide is divided into two broad categories, murder and manslaughter, based upon the state of mind and intent of the person who commits the homicide.
A report issued by the United Nations Office on Drug and Crime in July 2019 documented that nearly 464,000 people around the world were killed in homicides in 2017, a number significantly in excess of the 89,000 killed in armed conflicts during the same period.
Murder
Murder is the most serious crime that can be charged following a homicide. In many jurisdictions, murder may be punished by life in prison or even capital punishment. Although categories of murder can vary by jurisdiction, murder charges fall under two broad categories:
First degree murder: The premeditated, unlawful, intentional killing of another person.
Second degree murder: The intentional, unlawful killing of another person, but without any premeditation.
In some jurisdictions, a homicide that occurs during the commission of a dangerous crime may constitute murder, regardless of the actor's intent to commit homicide. In the United States, this is known as the felony murder rule. In simple terms, under the felony murder rule a person who commits a felony may be guilty of murder if someone dies as a result of the commission of the crime, including the victim of the felony, a bystander or a co-felon, regardless their intent—or lack thereof—to kill, and even when the death results from the actions of a co-defendant or third party who is reacting to the crime.
Manslaughter
Manslaughter is a form of homicide in which the person who commits the homicide either does not intend to kill the victim, or kills the victim as the result of circumstances that would cause a reasonable person to become emotionally or mentally disturbed to the point of potentially losing control of their actions. The distinction between murder and manslaughter is sometimes said to have first been made by the ancient Athenian lawmaker Draco in the 7th century BC. The penalty for manslaughter is normally less than the penalty for murder. The two broad categories of manslaughter are:
Voluntary manslaughter: the intentional, unpremeditated killing of another person as the result of a disturbed state of mind, or heat of passion.
Involuntary manslaughter: the unintentional killing of another person through an act of recklessness that shows indifference to the lives and safety of others, or an act of negligence that could reasonably be foreseen to result in death. The act that results in death may be intentional, such as pushing somebody in anger, but their death (such as by their subsequently falling, striking their head, and suffering a lethal head injury) is not.
Another form of manslaughter in some jurisdictions is constructive manslaughter, which may be charged if a person causes a death without intention but as the result of violating an important safety law or regulation.
Lawful excuse
Not all homicides are crimes, or subject to criminal prosecution. Some are legally privileged, meaning that they are not criminal acts at all. Others may occur under circumstances that provide the defendant with a full or partial defense to criminal prosecution. Common defenses include:
Self-defense: while most homicides by civilians are criminally prosecutable, a right of self-defense (often including the right to defend others) is widely recognized, including, in dire circumstances, the use of deadly force.
Mental incapacity: A defendant may attempt to prove that they are not criminally responsible for a homicide due to a mental disorder. In some jurisdictions, mentally incompetent killers may be involuntarily committed in lieu of criminal trial. Mental health and development are often taken into account during sentencing. For example, in the United States, the death penalty cannot be applied to convicted murderers with intellectual disabilities.
Defense of infancy – Small children are not held criminally liable before the age of criminal responsibility. A juvenile court may handle defendants above this age but below the legal age of majority, though because homicide is a serious crime some older minors are charged in an adult justice system. Age is sometimes also taken into account during sentencing even if the perpetrator is old enough to have criminal responsibility.
Justifiable homicide or privilege: Due to the circumstances, although a homicide occurs, the act of killing is not unlawful. For example, a killing on the battlefield during war is normally lawful, or a police officer may shoot a dangerous suspect in order to protect the officer's own life or the lives and safety of others.
The availability of defenses to a criminal charge following a homicide may affect the homicide rate. For example, it has been suggested that the availability of "stand your ground" defense has resulted in an increase in the homicide rate in U.S. jurisdictions that recognize the defense, including Florida.
By state actors
Killings by government agents may be considered lawful or unlawful according to:
Domestic law
International law to which the government has agreed by treaty
Peremptory norms which are de facto enforced as obligatory on all countries, such as prohibitions against genocide, piracy, and slavery
Types of state killings include:
Capital punishment, where the judicial system authorizes the death penalty in response to a severe crime, though some countries have abolished it completely
Lawful killing during war, such as the killing of enemy combatants
Lawful use of deadly force by law enforcement officers or military personnel to maintain public safety in emergency situations.
Extrajudicial killing, where government actors kill people (typically individuals or small groups) without judicial court proceedings
War crimes that involve killing (war crimes not authorized by the government may also be committed by individuals who are then subject to domestic military justice)
Widespread, systematic killing by the government of a particular group, which depending on the target, could be called genocide, politicide, or classicide. In some cases these events may also meet definitions of crimes against humanity.
Scholars study especially large homicide events (typically 50,000 deaths in five years or less) as mass killings. Some medium- and large-scale mass killings by state actors have been termed massacres, though not all such killings have been so named. The term democide has been coined by Rudolph Rummel to describe "murder by government" in general, which includes both extrajudicial killings and widespread systematic homicide.
Killings by government agents might be called "murder" or "mass murder" in general usage, especially if seen by the commentator as unethical, but the domestic legal definitions of murder, manslaughter, etc., usually exclude killings carried out by lawful government action.
Systematic government killing
Deliberate massacres of captives or civilians during wartime or periods of civil unrest by the state's military forces include those committed by Genghis Khan, the Golden Horde, the troops of Vlad the Impaler, the British Empire in its colonies, the Empire of Japan, the Soviet Union, Nazi Germany during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II, the 1st genocide of the 20th century Armenian genocide by the Ottoman Turks, The Holocaust, the Nanjing Massacre, the Katyn Forest Massacre of Polish citizens in 1940 and the massacres of political prisoners after the launch of Operation Barbarossa, the Three Alls Policy, the massacre of Soviet Jews at Babi Yar, the mass murder of the Hungarian, Serbian and German population in Vojvodina in the "Vengeance of Bacska", the murder of 24 unarmed villagers by British troops in the Batang Kali massacre during the Malayan Emergency, the mass killings in Indonesia during Suharto's rise to power, the murder of suspected leftists during Operation Condor in South America, the murder of Vietnamese civilians by American soldiers in the My Lai Massacre during the Vietnam War, the genocidal massacres of the Maya population during the Guatemalan Civil War, the massacre at El Mozote during the Salvadoran Civil War, and repeated attacks on civilians during the Syrian Civil War including the Al-Qubeir massacre.
Actions in which the state indirectly caused the death of large numbers of people include man-made disasters caused by the state, such as the famines in India during British rule, the atrocities in the Congo Free State, the Khmer Rouge years in Cambodia, the Holodomor in Soviet Ukraine and wider Soviet famine, the famines and poverty caused by the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution in the People's Republic of China, and the famine in Yemen triggered by the U.S.–backed Saudi Arabian-led intervention and blockade.
Rates
Global
A 2011 study by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime brought together a wide variety of data sources to create a worldwide picture of trends and developments. Sources included multiple agencies and field offices of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and national and international sources from 207 countries.
The report estimated that in 2010, the total number of homicides globally was 468,000. More than a third (36%) occurred in Africa, 31 percent in the Americas, 27 percent in Asia, five percent in Europe and one percent in Oceania. Since 1995, the homicide rate has been falling in Europe, North America, and Asia, but has risen to a near “crisis point” in Central America and the Caribbean. Of all homicides worldwide, 82 percent of the victims were men, and 18 percent were women. On a per-capita scaled level, "the homicide rate in Africa and the Americas (at 17 and 16 per 100,000 population, respectively) is more than double the global average (6.9 per 100,000), whereas in Asia, Europe and Oceania (between 3 and 4 per 100,000) it is roughly half".
UNODC, in its 2013 global report, estimated the total number of homicides worldwide dropped to 437,000 in 2012. The Americas accounted for 36 percent of all homicides globally, Africa 21 percent, Asia 38 percent, Europe five percent and Oceania 0.3%. The world's average homicide rate stood at 6.2 per 100,000 population in 2012, but the Southern Africa region and Central America have intentional homicide rates four times higher than the world average. They are the most violent regions globally, outside of regions experiencing wars and religious or sociopolitical terrorism. Asia exclusive of West Asia and Central Asia, Western Europe, Northern Europe, as well as Oceania had the lowest homicide rates in the world. About 41 percent of the homicides worldwide occurred in 2012 with the use of guns, 24 percent with sharp objects such as knife, and 35 percent by other means such as poison. The global conviction rate for the crime of intentional homicide in 2012 was 43 percent.
The 2011 Global Study on Homicide reported that "[W]here homicide rates are high and firearms and organized crime in the form of drug trafficking play a substantial role, 1 in 50 men aged 20 will be murdered before they reach the age of 31. At the other, the probability of such an occurrence is up to 400 times lower. [H]omicide is much more common in countries with low levels of human development, high levels of income inequality and weak rule of law than in more equitable societies, where socioeconomic stability seems to be something of an antidote to homicide. In cases of intimate partner and family-related homicide cases, women murdered by their past or present male partner make up the vast majority of homicide victims worldwide."
Historic European
In the mid-second millennium, local levels of violence in Europe were extremely high by the standards of modern developed countries. Typically, small groups of people would battle their neighbors using the farm tools at hand, such as knives, sickles, hammers, and axes. Mayhem and death were deliberate. The vast majority of Europeans lived in rural areas as late as 1800. Cities were few, and small in size, but their concentration of population was conducive to violence and their trends resembled those in rural areas Across Europe, homicide trends show a steady long-term decline. Regional differences were small, except that Italy's decline was later and slower. From approximately 1200 AD through 1800 AD, homicide rates from violent local episodes, not including military actions, declined by a factor of ten, from approximately 32 deaths per 100,000 people to 3.2 per 100,000. In the 20th century, the homicide rate fell to 1.4 per 100,000. Police forces seldom existed outside the cities; prisons only became common after 1800. Before then, harsh penalties were imposed for homicide (severe whipping or execution) but they proved ineffective at controlling or reducing the insults to honor that precipitated most of the violence. The decline does not correlate with economics or measures of state control. Most historians attribute the trend in homicides to a steady increase in self-control of the sort promoted by Protestantism, and necessitated by schools and factories. Eisner argues that macro-level indicators for societal efforts to promote civility, self-discipline, and long-sightedness are strongly associated with fluctuations in homicide rates over the past six centuries.
See also
List of types of killing
List of killings by law enforcement officers by countries
References
Further reading
Lappi-Seppälä, Tapio, and Martti Lehti. "Cross-comparative perspectives on global homicide trends." Crime and Justice 43.1 (2014): 135-230.
Pinker, Steven. The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined (2011)
External links
Causes of death
Crimes | [
0.22752055525779724,
0.2632412016391754,
-0.7976906299591064,
-0.021077236160635948,
0.006256840657442808,
0.13770464062690735,
0.4519214928150177,
0.4622473120689392,
-0.3420010209083557,
-0.18975062668323517,
-0.31335335969924927,
0.44231241941452026,
-0.37039703130722046,
0.014687024056911469,
-0.28078848123550415,
0.8297354578971863,
-0.029616333544254303,
0.5963128209114075,
-0.04199438914656639,
0.026253951713442802,
-0.1128755733370781,
-0.18548299372196198,
0.10088953375816345,
-0.24904385209083557,
0.3010537624359131,
0.1589394062757492,
0.12926827371120453,
0.1648833155632019,
-0.3207103908061981,
0.28610959649086,
0.23913465440273285,
0.14994081854820251,
0.4600331485271454,
-0.03801460936665535,
-0.14879223704338074,
0.010436518117785454,
-0.006885394919663668,
-0.7934456467628479,
-0.24059078097343445,
-0.4255484640598297,
0.02282143197953701,
0.03299548849463463,
-0.31120678782463074,
-0.12536638975143433,
0.02282567322254181,
-0.5436561107635498,
-1.4000630378723145,
0.17050206661224365,
-0.10922467708587646,
0.09757078438997269,
-0.36136072874069214,
0.14660291373729706,
-0.28053033351898193,
0.6369918584823608,
0.28545066714286804,
0.856580913066864,
-0.5869483947753906,
-0.2935965359210968,
0.12061599642038345,
-0.2371266931295395,
0.6044979691505432,
-0.21318741142749786,
0.05246088281273842,
-0.21020308136940002,
0.7853789329528809,
0.19832441210746765,
0.1879470944404602,
0.8356649875640869,
-0.5516044497489929,
-0.4835505485534668,
-0.515460729598999,
-0.24028648436069489,
0.08803170919418335,
0.14306160807609558,
-0.7156055569648743,
-0.13844458758831024,
0.3061617612838745,
-0.8310636878013611,
-0.41748034954071045,
0.09320302307605743,
-0.10260599851608276,
0.9267252683639526,
0.6491024494171143,
-0.07871760427951813,
0.32433658838272095,
-0.10255928337574005,
-0.838638961315155,
0.42964303493499756,
0.0864797905087471,
0.6244739890098572,
0.38937267661094666,
0.2772384583950043,
0.39733028411865234,
-0.16896282136440277,
-0.026517966762185097,
0.8061689138412476,
0.5935354232788086,
0.16550230979919434,
0.17018648982048035,
0.05627098307013512,
0.1753985583782196,
-0.3878445029258728,
0.46313390135765076,
-0.298980176448822,
0.46124207973480225,
-0.3181563913822174,
0.4472930431365967,
-0.3539302945137024,
0.4400974214076996,
-0.58858323097229,
-0.19678349792957306,
-0.1722095012664795,
-0.5970615148544312,
0.35725483298301697,
-0.8401432037353516,
0.41777244210243225,
0.47314706444740295,
0.4418518841266632,
0.20727817714214325,
-0.3881857395172119,
-0.13335230946540833,
-0.7060666084289551,
-0.4014018177986145,
0.23189586400985718,
-0.41326889395713806,
-0.2859613299369812,
0.30467867851257324,
0.5798202157020569,
-0.432809978723526,
-0.4124566614627838,
0.2828417122364044,
0.6626756191253662,
-0.3339102566242218,
-0.10795848816633224,
0.5025885701179504,
-0.2521703839302063,
0.07696010917425156,
0.5162071585655212,
-0.07765763998031616,
-0.2465144693851471,
-0.6439625024795532,
-0.34034058451652527,
-0.4997960925102234,
-0.40365368127822876,
0.4261561334133148,
-0.40987488627433777,
0.35276269912719727,
-0.2903473675251007,
-0.06796839088201523,
0.015127923339605331,
0.4284951984882355,
0.43609869480133057,
-0.4298381209373474,
0.2557363212108612,
-0.12433367222547531,
0.0905066430568695,
0.5740177631378174,
-0.5138800740242004,
0.04765067249536514,
0.31311315298080444,
-0.09389752149581909,
-0.11936968564987183,
-0.2285839021205902,
-0.11022229492664337,
-0.08616679161787033,
-0.19871175289154053,
-0.2181559056043625,
0.3911609649658203,
0.2207905650138855,
0.05135350301861763,
-0.3958546221256256,
0.26071393489837646,
0.2645944356918335,
-0.34962695837020874,
0.1794397234916687,
0.4488225281238556,
-0.12056341022253036,
0.0013017581077292562,
0.3925391435623169,
-0.12260406464338303,
-0.17808979749679565,
0.2720445692539215,
0.049927420914173126,
0.07533495128154755,
0.008358853869140148,
-0.34649139642715454,
0.5059307217597961,
0.18409283459186554,
-0.2203126847743988,
-0.25432664155960083,
-0.12987305223941803,
0.14753969013690948,
-0.14806190133094788,
-0.5305774211883545,
0.7604623436927795,
-0.31446316838264465,
-0.7640379667282104,
0.4340325593948364,
-0.057299721986055374,
0.16810078918933868,
-0.3666088581085205,
0.21162398159503937,
0.43953025341033936,
-0.5227109789848328,
-0.5634676218032837,
0.9464312195777893,
0.28161635994911194,
0.3293646574020386,
-0.30370089411735535,
0.9039673805236816,
0.4499221742153168,
-0.3417474925518036,
0.3727680444717407,
-0.2752578854560852,
0.1269301474094391,
0.5235414505004883,
-0.8614014983177185,
0.17180554568767548,
0.4540846049785614,
-0.1645745038986206,
0.1802748292684555,
-0.08481482416391373,
-0.1633901745080948,
0.5382177829742432,
0.1686733514070511,
0.7263741493225098,
0.11871432512998581,
0.46828585863113403,
0.21823453903198242,
-1.1426259279251099,
0.6819688677787781,
0.4461701512336731,
0.4603719711303711,
0.058533523231744766,
-0.8925610184669495,
0.23960305750370026,
-0.15983358025550842,
0.14523617923259735,
0.0445181280374527,
-0.2388778030872345,
0.18450990319252014,
0.06746453046798706,
-0.02150900661945343,
0.33848848938941956,
0.21989037096500397,
-0.018207991495728493,
-0.22762666642665863,
0.11266076564788818,
-0.11695798486471176,
0.4899124801158905,
-0.06658530980348587,
0.3315654397010803,
0.462030827999115,
-0.8036417365074158,
0.39872175455093384,
-0.8228369355201721,
-0.17552904784679413,
-0.1614246666431427,
-0.023387668654322624,
-0.7115098834037781,
-0.21436072885990143,
-0.06936810165643692,
0.26409345865249634,
-0.04214777052402496,
-0.5139479637145996,
0.3779107630252838,
-0.5199427008628845,
0.22649237513542175,
-0.2810593247413635,
0.2077307254076004,
0.6595759987831116,
0.4309578835964203,
-0.22180905938148499,
-0.5310903191566467,
-0.29517897963523865,
-0.11644330620765686,
0.02450716868042946,
0.44581887125968933,
-0.23993168771266937,
-0.3146050274372101,
0.1866428107023239,
-0.13962332904338837,
0.38044649362564087,
-0.5840243697166443,
-0.19704195857048035,
-0.5259617567062378,
0.19436152279376984,
0.022227836772799492,
-0.04887776076793671,
0.08787160366773605,
-0.6367457509040833,
-0.10604168474674225,
0.10513971745967865,
0.23116202652454376,
0.48429736495018005,
0.010366554372012615,
-0.29104897379875183,
0.3222859799861908,
0.3366006016731262,
-0.9014269709587097,
-0.051197297871112823,
0.5778290629386902,
-0.5744560956954956,
-0.33856067061424255,
-0.16440227627754211,
-0.3238833248615265,
-0.2809114456176758,
0.12303123623132706,
-5.629774570465088,
0.07343646883964539,
-0.7081879377365112,
-0.22074031829833984,
-0.0264508668333292,
0.20486028492450714,
0.5974135398864746,
-0.35400834679603577,
-0.6554675698280334,
0.08087074011564255,
-0.013404199853539467,
-0.32107678055763245,
0.5302921533584595,
-0.10741128772497177,
0.6077471971511841,
-0.5667120814323425,
0.3395446538925171,
-0.4343165159225464,
-0.26625847816467285,
0.735616147518158,
-0.2244604229927063,
0.2593814730644226,
-0.058557912707328796,
0.14354516565799713,
0.19613537192344666,
-0.28640612959861755,
0.015541917644441128,
0.2583533823490143,
-0.5081333518028259,
0.16745221614837646,
0.4243331849575043,
0.42099618911743164,
-0.16311809420585632,
0.18897494673728943,
-0.44100913405418396,
0.19364714622497559,
0.4932247996330261,
-0.42078733444213867,
-0.45557722449302673,
-0.14637716114521027,
-0.6922567486763,
0.10297993570566177,
0.25095152854919434,
-0.20663559436798096,
0.5531240701675415,
-0.20692601799964905,
-0.013360066339373589,
-0.7225989103317261,
-0.4371584951877594,
-0.020982054993510246,
-0.1530403047800064,
0.3275047540664673,
0.2363840788602829,
0.45317432284355164,
-0.06904876977205276,
-0.31150221824645996,
0.15749292075634003,
-0.13052888214588165,
-0.3202923834323883,
0.10978763550519943,
0.40994033217430115,
-0.4938589334487915,
0.5446345806121826,
0.09597223997116089,
-0.18876194953918457,
0.15144792199134827,
-0.04502230882644653,
-1.1005278825759888,
0.9672103524208069,
-0.02728874236345291,
-0.3274051249027252,
0.7239546179771423,
0.14322245121002197,
-0.915143609046936,
-0.01917688176035881,
-0.23771372437477112,
-0.2287108600139618,
0.05837438628077507,
0.13779088854789734,
0.0030639912001788616,
-0.2016264945268631,
-0.030461063608527184,
-0.4732590615749359,
0.056585729122161865,
0.3847977817058563,
-0.4637523591518402,
0.06714589893817902,
0.6226287484169006,
-0.2728727161884308,
-0.1513809859752655,
0.7897299528121948,
0.06695572286844254,
0.37171000242233276,
0.5198662281036377,
-0.41922831535339355,
0.5567812323570251,
0.28626546263694763,
-0.432902455329895,
0.34078192710876465,
-1.050613284111023,
0.7227230072021484,
-0.6405571103096008,
-0.36680081486701965,
-0.1803804486989975,
-0.1167742908000946,
-0.549832820892334,
-0.1640087217092514,
0.5570561289787292,
0.37412169575691223,
-0.19000989198684692,
0.3902440369129181,
-0.01444352138787508,
0.19254854321479797,
-0.03052213229238987,
0.7301899194717407,
-0.49579858779907227,
-0.40039199590682983,
0.21621574461460114,
0.4952434301376343,
0.08926842361688614,
-0.09737100452184677,
0.4002190828323364,
-0.4789791703224182,
-0.16969077289104462,
-0.09734557569026947,
-0.5308692455291748,
-0.29959413409233093,
0.2743498682975769,
0.08243606984615326,
0.08408050984144211,
0.1881479024887085,
1.0568538904190063,
0.21192428469657898,
0.09331132471561432,
-0.014606457203626633,
-0.5195358991622925,
0.010639304295182228,
0.336292564868927,
-0.17264696955680847,
-0.6728568077087402,
0.6904028654098511,
-0.4768100082874298,
-0.2724679708480835,
-0.09125902503728867,
0.5169528126716614,
-0.031245382502675056,
-0.12478959560394287,
0.22670120000839233,
0.23679105937480927,
0.829927384853363,
-0.447157621383667,
-0.5813131928443909,
0.39207687973976135,
-0.04464562609791756,
0.259566992521286,
-0.18361374735832214,
-0.2659660577774048,
-0.08446236699819565,
-0.4416030943393707,
-0.6302245259284973,
0.11422506719827652,
-0.26617658138275146,
-1.1699496507644653,
-0.42454758286476135,
-0.14470486342906952,
-0.01736545003950596,
-0.9042186141014099,
-0.2799352705478668,
-0.0320274643599987,
1.1124017238616943,
-0.2644313871860504,
-0.781562328338623,
-0.25175637006759644,
-0.564454197883606,
0.4865897595882416,
0.30843737721443176,
-0.20804345607757568,
0.15232641994953156,
-0.17397309839725494,
-0.007967573590576649,
0.6039515733718872,
-0.11033444851636887,
-0.29217982292175293,
0.7026277780532837,
0.33233338594436646,
-0.013981316238641739,
-0.14121772348880768,
-0.08364164084196091,
-0.7596471905708313,
-0.29452788829803467,
0.1914539635181427,
-0.23577408492565155,
0.4736804962158203,
0.03516232594847679,
0.03473294898867607,
0.04887136071920395,
-0.24209240078926086,
-0.15039701759815216,
-0.21916963160037994,
-0.32822737097740173,
0.3821698725223541,
1.0396908521652222,
-0.18323902785778046,
0.03786599263548851,
0.17776913940906525,
-0.5273710489273071,
0.013626912608742714,
-0.283918172121048,
-0.6258007287979126,
0.35227811336517334,
-0.401814728975296,
0.20460626482963562,
-0.5832793116569519,
0.4595513641834259,
-0.23615102469921112,
-0.21898522973060608,
0.5772812366485596,
-0.3742026388645172,
-0.23172114789485931,
-0.6120585203170776,
0.44655856490135193,
-0.05919385328888893,
-0.17065037786960602,
-0.025132345035672188,
-0.2592545449733734,
0.39931708574295044,
0.03246908634901047,
-0.6156564354896545,
1.371802806854248,
-0.03620479628443718,
-0.40550997853279114,
0.047620221972465515,
-0.1661810427904129,
-0.5377669334411621,
0.01727222464978695,
-0.07461174577474594,
0.46458402276039124,
0.20322410762310028,
-0.19279447197914124,
-0.30180054903030396,
0.12259872257709503,
1.1713635921478271,
0.23937469720840454,
-0.31627288460731506,
0.24581927061080933,
-0.2596713900566101,
0.35787433385849,
-0.8306736946105957,
-0.6097539067268372,
0.49358996748924255,
-0.12745578587055206,
-0.2525668740272522,
-0.35414621233940125,
-0.33818167448043823,
0.37648433446884155,
-0.08411924540996552,
-0.08768630772829056,
-0.19482672214508057,
0.32153043150901794,
0.5209589004516602,
0.23181365430355072,
-0.25902479887008667,
-0.225993350148201,
-0.2599475085735321,
0.3751557767391205,
-0.4178265631198883,
-0.22111311554908752,
0.6495071053504944,
0.3192557692527771,
-0.3728935122489929,
-0.06512761116027832,
-0.15307871997356415,
0.373252272605896,
0.5120789408683777,
0.6378219723701477,
0.11645383387804031,
-0.06497974693775177,
-0.3578978478908539,
-0.23570314049720764,
-0.12784184515476227,
0.38126426935195923,
-0.3966008424758911,
0.23322680592536926,
-0.9135439991950989,
0.274325966835022,
-0.3544156551361084,
0.4427138864994049,
0.17823992669582367,
-0.979751706123352,
-0.15522883832454681,
-0.6148685812950134,
-0.02808481827378273,
0.4880945384502411,
0.5003532767295837,
0.19754329323768616,
0.1487257480621338,
-0.15644823014736176,
0.9753979444503784,
0.10201665014028549,
0.06385762244462967,
-0.2962414622306824,
0.19034859538078308,
-0.6351112723350525,
-1.010663628578186,
0.1362827867269516,
-0.1873409003019333,
0.06853996962308884,
-0.4336601793766022,
0.4398631453514099,
-0.28948771953582764,
0.09186931699514389,
-0.0020094558130949736,
-0.0015018950216472149,
0.1099313348531723,
-0.687846302986145,
-0.28223079442977905,
0.3273349106311798,
-0.1984979808330536,
-0.09920809417963028,
0.43632590770721436,
0.27158841490745544,
-0.06741126626729965,
0.9034183621406555,
-0.34101590514183044,
-0.012346119619905949,
0.2465541660785675,
-0.4268152117729187,
0.20370972156524658,
0.387411892414093,
-0.1701878160238266,
0.6602470874786377,
0.1704905778169632,
-0.3515145778656006,
0.18143798410892487,
0.17446349561214447,
-0.6560471653938293,
0.6970894932746887,
-0.5806304812431335,
-0.2564527988433838,
0.5094450116157532,
0.8961416482925415,
0.33090609312057495,
0.28620100021362305,
0.7623512148857117,
-0.150864377617836,
0.392079621553421,
0.52981036901474,
-0.06298938393592834,
-0.17799623310565948,
0.14189831912517548,
0.5430426001548767,
-0.05889793485403061,
0.4151831269264221,
0.17195792496204376,
0.2616100013256073,
-0.35921791195869446,
0.29801467061042786,
-0.03861099109053612,
-0.4344525933265686,
-0.6410599946975708,
-0.027526261284947395,
0.25307056307792664,
0.621791422367096,
0.34988412261009216,
0.5534144639968872,
-0.23652435839176178,
0.5019921064376831,
-0.29001015424728394,
-0.4076973795890808,
0.2640857994556427,
0.0718974620103836,
0.19313186407089233,
-0.5162554383277893,
0.33414894342422485,
0.4162105321884155,
-0.2934930920600891,
0.5323888063430786,
0.5265554189682007,
-0.04567086324095726,
-0.5483173727989197,
-0.2556841969490051,
0.2834037244319916,
-0.4699143171310425,
-0.9058519005775452,
0.1882070004940033,
0.01919197291135788,
-0.062305472791194916,
0.7121707797050476,
0.02811606042087078,
0.24234619736671448,
0.5605727434158325,
0.25009065866470337,
-0.045496657490730286,
-0.021757394075393677,
0.04839422181248665,
0.06017947569489479,
-0.06437458097934723,
0.6135114431381226,
0.07644323259592056,
-0.24924007058143616,
-0.20426790416240692,
0.31063511967658997,
-0.4323525130748749,
-0.13132204115390778,
-0.6346319913864136,
0.017137078568339348,
-0.27191776037216187,
-0.01138367410749197,
-0.13692553341388702,
0.5158911347389221,
0.22087320685386658,
-0.6324180364608765,
-0.16738280653953552,
-0.04997873306274414,
-0.020334886386990547,
0.14418084919452667,
0.3623794913291931,
-0.7905254364013672,
-0.16383478045463562,
-0.33991748094558716,
0.4062858521938324,
0.010580582544207573,
0.6150569915771484,
0.38881683349609375,
-0.8233725428581238,
-0.13443025946617126,
0.2635450065135956,
0.031277455389499664,
0.2891214191913605,
0.30706557631492615,
-0.8411372900009155,
0.7697871327400208,
-0.6948243379592896,
0.05456896498799324,
0.7413575649261475,
-0.4129321575164795,
0.5162187218666077,
-0.16316364705562592,
0.19944174587726593,
0.027258221060037613,
0.20982229709625244,
-0.2889455556869507,
-0.37670329213142395,
-0.4332876205444336,
-1.503147840499878,
-0.08886229246854782,
-0.5355981588363647,
-0.02892230451107025,
0.17816177010536194,
0.15419282019138336,
0.2509639263153076,
-0.0603104867041111,
0.29375818371772766,
0.2631171941757202,
-0.15190096199512482,
0.4032699167728424,
0.3245871961116791,
-0.668276846408844,
-0.2208315134048462,
0.4990321695804596
]
|
123453 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Edward%20Robinson | John Edward Robinson | John Edward Robinson (born December 27, 1943) is an American serial killer, con man, embezzler, kidnapper, and forger who was found guilty in 2003 for three murders committed in and around Kansas City, Missouri, receiving the death sentence for two of them. In 2005, he admitted responsibility for five homicides in Missouri, at trial in Kansas City, Missouri, in a deal to receive multiple life sentences without possibility of parole and avoid more death sentences. Investigators suspect more victims remain undiscovered.
Because he made contact with most of his post-1993 victims via online chat rooms, he is sometimes referred to as "the Internet's first serial killer".
Early life
Robinson was born in Cicero, Illinois, the third of five children of an alcoholic father and a disciplinarian mother. In 1957, he became an Eagle Scout and traveled to London with a group of Scouts who performed before Queen Elizabeth II. He enrolled at Quigley Preparatory Seminary in Chicago, a private boys school for aspiring priests, but dropped out after one year due to disciplinary issues.
In 1961, he enrolled at Morton Junior College in Cicero to become a medical radiographer, but dropped out after two years. In 1964, he moved to Kansas City and married Nancy Jo Lynch, who gave birth to their first child, John Jr., in 1965, followed by a daughter, Kimberly, in 1967, and twins Christopher and Christine in 1971.
Early crimes
In 1969, Robinson was arrested in Kansas City for embezzling $33,000 from the medical practice of Dr. Wallace Graham, where he worked as a radiographer using forged credentials. He was sentenced to three years probation.
In 1970, Robinson violated probation by moving to Chicago without his probation officer's permission, and gained a job as an insurance salesman at the R.B. Jones Company. In 1971, he was arrested for embezzling firm funds, and was ordered back to Kansas City where his probation was extended. In 1975, it was extended again after an arrest on charges of securities fraud and mail fraud in connection with a phony medical consulting company he had formed in Kansas City.
Robinson became a Scoutmaster, a baseball coach and a Sunday school teacher. In 1977, he was named to the board of directors of a local charitable organization where he forged letters from its executive director to the mayor of Kansas City and from the mayor to civic leaders, naming him as the organization's Man of the Year. Under that guise, he hosted an awards luncheon in his honor.
After completing his probation In 1979, Robinson was arrested for embezzlement and check forgery for which he served 60 days in jail in 1982. After his release, he formed a bogus hydroponics business and stole $25,000 from a friend to whom he promised a fast investment return so the friend could pay for his dying wife's health care.
Murders begin
In 1984, having established two more fraudulent shell companies (Equi-Plus and Equi-2), Robinson hired Paula Godfrey, 19, ostensibly to work as a sales representative. Godfrey told friends and family that Robinson was sending her away for training. After hearing nothing further from her, Godfrey's parents filed a missing persons report. Police questioned Robinson, who denied any knowledge of her whereabouts. Several days later her parents received a typewritten letter, with Godfrey's signature at the bottom, thanking Robinson for his help and asserting that she was "OK" and did not want to see her family. The investigation was terminated, as Godfrey was of legal age and there was no evidence of wrongdoing. No trace of Godfrey has ever been found.
In 1985, using the name John Osborne, he met Lisa Stasi and her four-month-old daughter, Tiffany, at a women's shelter in Kansas City. He promised Stasi a job in Chicago, an apartment, and daycare for her baby, and asked her to sign several sheets of blank stationery. A few days later, Robinson contacted his brother and sister-in-law, who had been unable to adopt a baby through traditional channels, and informed them that he knew of a baby whose mother had committed suicide. For $5,500 in "legal fees", Don and Helen Robinson received Tiffany (whose identity was confirmed by DNA testing in 2000) and a set of authentic-appearing adoption papers with the forged signatures of two lawyers and a judge. Stasi was never heard from again.
In 1987, Catherine Clampitt, 27, left her child with her parents in Wichita Falls, Texas and moved to Kansas City to find employment. She was hired by Robinson, who reportedly promised her extensive travel and a new wardrobe. She vanished in June of that year. Her missing persons case remains open.
From 1987 to 1993, Robinson was incarcerated, first in Kansas (1987–1991) on multiple fraud convictions and thereafter in Missouri for another fraud conviction and parole violations. At Western Missouri Correctional Facility, he met 49-year-old Beverly Bonner, the prison librarian, who upon his release left her husband, a prison doctor, and moved to Kansas to work for him. After Robinson arranged for Bonner's alimony checks to be forwarded to a Kansas post office box, her family never heard from her again. For several years, Bonner's mother continued forwarding her alimony checks, and Robinson continued cashing them.
By then, Robinson had discovered the Internet, and roamed social networking sites using the name "Slavemaster", looking for women who enjoyed playing the submissive partner role during sex. An early online correspondent was Sheila Faith, 45, whose 15-year-old daughter Debbie was a wheelchair user due to spina bifida. Robinson, portraying himself as a wealthy businessman and philanthropist, offered to pay Debbie's medical expenses and give Sheila a job. In 1994, the mother and daughter moved from Fullerton, California to Kansas City and immediately disappeared. Robinson cashed Faith's pension checks for the next seven years.
Gradually, Robinson became well known in the increasingly popular BDSM online chat rooms. In 1999, he offered a job and a bondage relationship to Izabela Lewicka, a 21-year-old Polish immigrant living in Indiana. When she moved to Kansas City, Robinson (who was still married to Nancy) gave Lewicka an engagement ring and brought her to the county registrar, where they paid for a marriage license that was never picked up. It is unclear whether Lewicka believed that she and Robinson were married; she told her parents she had married, but never told them her husband's name. She did sign a 115-item slave contract that gave Robinson almost total control over every aspect of her life, including her bank accounts. Some time during the summer of 1999, she disappeared. Robinson told a web designer he employed that she had been caught smoking marijuana and deported.
Around the time of Lewicka's disappearance, a licensed practical nurse named Suzette Trouten moved from Michigan to Kansas to travel the world with Robinson as his submissive sex slave. Trouten's mother received several typed letters signed by her daughter and purportedly mailed while the couple was abroad, although the envelopes all bore Kansas City postmarks. The letters were, her mother said, uncharacteristically mistake-free. Later, Robinson told Trouten's mother that she had run off with an acquaintance after stealing money from him.
Arrest
Over time, Robinson became increasingly careless, and his ability to avoid detection declined. By 1999, he had attracted the attention of authorities in both Kansas and Missouri as his name came
up in more and more missing persons investigations.
Robinson was arrested in June 2000, at his farm near La Cygne, Kansas, after a woman filed a sexual battery complaint against him and another charged him with stealing her sex toys. The theft charge, in particular, finally gave investigators the probable cause they needed to obtain search warrants. On the farm, a task force found the decaying bodies of two women, later identified as Lewicka and Trouten, in two 85-pound chemical drums.
Across the state line in Missouri, other members of the task force, searching a storage facility where Robinson rented two garages, found three similar chemical drums containing corpses subsequently identified as Bonner, Faith, and Faith's daughter. All five women were killed in the same way, by one or more blows to the head with a blunt instrument.
Conviction
In 2002, Robinson stood trial in Kansas for the murders of Trouten, Lewicka and Stasi, and multiple lesser charges. After the longest criminal trial in Kansas history, he was convicted on all counts. He received the death sentence for the murders of Trouten and Lewicka, and life imprisonment for Stasi's murder because she was killed before Kansas reinstated the death penalty. He received a 5-to-20-year prison sentence for interfering with the parental custody of Stasi's baby, 20.5 years for kidnapping Trouten, and seven months for theft.
After his Kansas convictions, Robinson faced murder charges in Missouri, based on the evidence discovered in that state. Missouri is aggressive in its pursuit of capital punishment convictions and Robinson's attorneys wanted to avoid a trial there. Chris Koster, the Missouri prosecutor, insisted as a condition of any plea bargain that Robinson lead authorities to the bodies of Stasi, Godfrey and Clampitt. Robinson, who has never cooperated in any way with investigators, refused, but Koster still faced pressure to make a deal because his case was not technically airtight — among other issues, there was no unequivocal evidence that any of the murders had actually been committed within his jurisdiction. Robinson, on the other hand, faced pressure to plead guilty to avoid an almost certain death sentence in Missouri, and failing that, yet another capital murder trial back in Kansas.
When it became clear that the women's remains would never be found without Robinson's cooperation, a compromise of sorts was reached: in a carefully scripted plea in October 2003, Robinson acknowledged that Koster had enough evidence to convict him of capital murder for the deaths of Godfrey, Clampitt, Bonner and the Faiths. Though his statement was technically a guilty plea, and was accepted as such by the Missouri court, observers remarked that it was notably devoid of any contrition or specific acceptance of responsibility. He received a life sentence without possibility of parole for each of the five murders.
In November 2015, the Kansas Supreme Court vacated the Trouten and Stasi murder convictions on technicalities, but upheld the Lewicka conviction and its accompanying death sentence. The ruling marked the first time that Kansas's highest court has upheld a death sentence since reinstatement of capital punishment there in 1994. Robinson currently remains on death row at the El Dorado Correctional Facility in Kansas.
Aftermath
In 2005, Nancy Robinson filed for divorce after 41 years of marriage, citing incompatibility and irreconcilable differences.
In 2006, Stasi's daughter—known since her (faked) adoption as Heather Robinson—filed a civil suit against Truman Medical Center in Kansas City and social worker Karen Gaddis. The suit accused Gaddis of putting Robinson in contact with Stasi and her newborn daughter in 1984, after he told Gaddis that he ran a charitable organization providing assistance to "unwed mothers of white babies." In 2007, Heather and the hospital reached a settlement for an undisclosed sum, which Robinson said she would split with her biological grandmother, Patricia Sylvester. Heather won a second judgment, in 2007, preventing Robinson from profiting from any future potential book sales or film rights.
In 2006, the body of a young woman was found in a barrel in an area of rural Iowa where Robinson reportedly had a business partner. She was initially considered a possible victim of Robinson, but was later identified as Lois Tomich, who police believe was killed by her ex-husband.
Kansas and Missouri police note that long stretches of Robinson's time remain unaccounted for, and they fear that there are additional undiscovered victims. "He's maintained the secrets about what he's done with the women, he won't ever tell, it's the last control that he's got," said one investigator. "There are [probably] other barrels waiting to be opened, other bodies waiting to be found."
Victims
Robinson is known to be responsible for eight homicides, but his total victim tally remains unknown. The following is a chronological summary of the victims identified thus far:
1984: Paula Godfrey (age 19); remains never recovered
1985: Lisa Stasi (age 19); remains never recovered
1987: Catherine Clampitt (age 27); remains never recovered
1993: Beverly Bonner (age 49): remains discovered at storage facility in Raymore, Missouri
1994: Sheila Faith (age 45) and Debbie Faith (15): remains of both discovered at storage facility in Raymore, Missouri
1999: Izabela Lewicka (age 21): remains discovered at Robinson's ranch near La Cygne, Kansas
2000: Suzette Trouten (age 28): remains discovered at Robinson's ranch near La Cygne, Kansas
In popular culture
A 2001 book by John Glatt, Internet Slave Master (), documented Robinson's life up to the time of his Kansas trial. A second book by Glatt, Depraved (), published in 2005, focused on the lives of Robinson's victims and others affected by his crimes.
Anyone You Want Me to Be: A True Story of Sex and Death on the Internet () by John Douglas and Stephen Singular was published in 2003.
Sue Wiltz' book Slave Master was published in 2004.
Robinson's criminal activities were also profiled on episodes of the A&E series Cold Case Files, Investigation Discovery's FBI: Criminal Pursuit, Sins & Secrets, Vanity Fair Confidential, It Takes a Killer, and Deadly Doctors, as well as Forensic Files, and The New Detectives on the Discovery Channel.
See also
Internet killer
John Haigh
General:
List of serial killers in the United States
References
Slave Master (Pinnacle True Crime) by Sue Wiltz and Maurice Godwin. Kensington Books
External links
Kansas Prison Inmate Database - Kansas Department of Corrections
Robinson, John E Sr (KDOC# 45690) - current status is incarcerated
Complete Court TV coverage of "slave master" serial killer John Robinson
Snopes addresses Slavemaster rumours
1943 births
Living people
American serial killers
Male serial killers
American prisoners sentenced to death
Prisoners sentenced to death by Kansas
American people convicted of murder
People convicted of murder by Kansas
People convicted of murder by Missouri
American confidence tricksters
American people convicted of theft
Forgers
People from Cicero, Illinois
American people convicted of fraud
People from La Cygne, Kansas
Murder convictions without a body | [
0.010326091200113297,
0.10656554251909256,
-0.6292903423309326,
-0.056295521557331085,
0.6706188917160034,
0.44743889570236206,
0.8944566249847412,
0.23947496712207794,
-0.3379288613796234,
0.013854180462658405,
0.004262510687112808,
0.4981490969657898,
-0.9180603623390198,
0.394532173871994,
0.00405125692486763,
0.23362413048744202,
0.4555668234825134,
-0.06972067803144455,
-0.5398465394973755,
-0.47391030192375183,
-0.0509464293718338,
-0.32130923867225647,
0.3629316985607147,
-0.08150990307331085,
-0.1837218850851059,
0.46927112340927124,
-0.4310852289199829,
0.39461374282836914,
-0.5257466435432434,
0.3889819085597992,
0.3793822228908539,
0.6225807666778564,
1.0134714841842651,
-0.5951513648033142,
0.08186010271310806,
-0.2807927131652832,
-0.28912675380706787,
-0.7088649272918701,
-0.1187913715839386,
0.21987321972846985,
0.22632771730422974,
-0.0336160883307457,
-0.605684757232666,
-0.3090662658214569,
0.243100106716156,
-0.15383799374103546,
-0.9201697111129761,
-0.2993026375770569,
-0.3764498829841614,
-0.9138283729553223,
-0.11123285442590714,
0.28496867418289185,
-0.47220706939697266,
0.5878218412399292,
0.4662624001502991,
0.14077822864055634,
-0.372449666261673,
-0.7910721302032471,
0.8188027143478394,
-0.1803005188703537,
0.1270972341299057,
-0.585291862487793,
0.5853151082992554,
-0.2007998526096344,
-0.48024657368659973,
0.18027395009994507,
0.7620923519134521,
1.0088169574737549,
0.023128006607294083,
-0.18427258729934692,
0.2127334326505661,
0.30499356985092163,
0.2804223299026489,
0.21703468263149261,
-0.1349562257528305,
-0.10919550806283951,
0.21215492486953735,
-0.6896270513534546,
-0.2849859297275543,
0.3224349915981293,
-0.015926770865917206,
0.2430020272731781,
0.48133453726768494,
-0.10670308023691177,
0.37426823377609253,
-0.06713197380304337,
-0.49905073642730713,
0.1489267647266388,
0.09328600019216537,
0.718071460723877,
-0.5741250514984131,
0.07315578311681747,
-0.12988461554050446,
0.222952201962471,
-0.1914837658405304,
-0.3832387924194336,
0.48154544830322266,
0.28942200541496277,
0.3672332763671875,
-0.04252992942929268,
0.310346782207489,
0.0020505741704255342,
0.08139937371015549,
0.5986805558204651,
-0.04979466274380684,
0.26560962200164795,
0.7609173655509949,
-0.34313324093818665,
0.08336294442415237,
-0.5271800756454468,
-0.4204051196575165,
-0.05539548024535179,
-0.2680715322494507,
-0.08683589100837708,
-0.3009641468524933,
0.35581010580062866,
0.4619380235671997,
-0.5515220761299133,
-0.7164656519889832,
-0.5763230323791504,
-0.4707584083080292,
0.2760244607925415,
-0.4258854389190674,
0.9658198952674866,
-0.5184963345527649,
-0.39518874883651733,
0.1350959986448288,
0.126444473862648,
-0.024891061708331108,
0.15286369621753693,
0.4970337450504303,
0.19083933532238007,
0.2505074143409729,
-0.28745973110198975,
-0.12832137942314148,
-0.7940148115158081,
-0.22277937829494476,
0.3098636269569397,
-0.7013380527496338,
0.07702305912971497,
-0.45039618015289307,
-0.4260788857936859,
0.11679598689079285,
0.13950610160827637,
0.10339253395795822,
-0.04837826266884804,
0.03391897678375244,
0.3361421525478363,
0.14002563059329987,
0.2031785249710083,
0.2806112468242645,
0.3678983747959137,
-0.25251391530036926,
-0.6514615416526794,
-0.15475648641586304,
0.8013899326324463,
0.19648629426956177,
0.27989786863327026,
0.19489161670207977,
-0.0902450904250145,
0.2726828455924988,
0.433756560087204,
0.05445633828639984,
0.21140830218791962,
0.2110372930765152,
-0.1406598687171936,
-0.09831524640321732,
-0.1862383931875229,
-0.3021858036518097,
-0.45710572600364685,
-0.32170963287353516,
0.21872542798519135,
0.11641974747180939,
-0.6131587624549866,
-0.6346372365951538,
0.3838081657886505,
0.7760775685310364,
-0.0024682520888745785,
0.014209111221134663,
-0.05833980813622475,
-0.2554527223110199,
0.0534808449447155,
0.010803064331412315,
-0.3406408429145813,
-0.2556895911693573,
-0.08955439180135727,
0.28398239612579346,
-0.5397738218307495,
-0.5457868576049805,
-0.5072020888328552,
-0.36014318466186523,
-0.3949606716632843,
0.40319016575813293,
-0.26446589827537537,
0.7106971740722656,
0.42300447821617126,
-0.2053874284029007,
0.3265087306499481,
0.3775893747806549,
0.21929802000522614,
-0.3379009962081909,
-0.2927042543888092,
0.3836841285228729,
-0.6588294506072998,
-0.41506052017211914,
0.08653903752565384,
0.18550868332386017,
0.09454954415559769,
0.03827522322535515,
0.8555875420570374,
0.5671393871307373,
-0.5289558172225952,
-0.013921041041612625,
0.6287656426429749,
-0.09178625047206879,
-0.3630028963088989,
-0.25010260939598083,
0.19261856377124786,
0.852004885673523,
-0.9461508393287659,
0.12614215910434723,
0.2187969833612442,
-0.2551017105579376,
0.34187719225883484,
-0.036233048886060715,
0.9849653244018555,
-0.14457416534423828,
-0.03626687452197075,
-0.17300179600715637,
-0.3550539016723633,
0.1840457022190094,
0.6271792054176331,
0.20947431027889252,
-0.6499357223510742,
0.20945538580417633,
0.39760661125183105,
-0.09202034026384354,
-0.6957909464836121,
-0.5498339533805847,
-0.40775224566459656,
0.6353883743286133,
0.34820207953453064,
0.28799036145210266,
0.11742116510868073,
0.27625444531440735,
-0.21622122824192047,
0.09302733093500137,
-0.09929803013801575,
-0.07859469950199127,
0.2962874472141266,
-0.054694194346666336,
0.5164640545845032,
0.6990684270858765,
-0.3668801188468933,
0.7130379676818848,
0.0731513649225235,
-0.026703473180532455,
0.021865807473659515,
-0.1881423145532608,
0.1582389622926712,
0.1471765637397766,
-0.029440559446811676,
-0.20291051268577576,
0.24877019226551056,
-0.43570414185523987,
-0.2445404976606369,
-0.08317697048187256,
-0.25829216837882996,
0.22107075154781342,
0.2168838083744049,
0.4319872558116913,
-0.1647104173898697,
0.08029510080814362,
0.6427346467971802,
0.5768486857414246,
0.27599745988845825,
-0.22122636437416077,
0.23072542250156403,
-0.5164533257484436,
-0.7168051600456238,
0.15463894605636597,
0.231840118765831,
0.014907767996191978,
-0.6857503056526184,
0.3487791121006012,
-0.8348962664604187,
-0.2849707007408142,
-0.432178258895874,
-0.3225928843021393,
0.09565417468547821,
-0.49679479002952576,
0.01450820080935955,
-0.6157504916191101,
0.346184104681015,
-0.5465782284736633,
0.2805733382701874,
-0.07788994163274765,
0.11103750020265579,
0.4471280872821808,
-0.31486672163009644,
0.0100007439032197,
0.19165955483913422,
-0.558512806892395,
0.2477225959300995,
0.893743634223938,
0.03756193444132805,
-0.07769254595041275,
-0.22397932410240173,
-5.5341796875,
0.8230987191200256,
-0.6764293313026428,
-0.41633331775665283,
-0.06806498020887375,
0.21226517856121063,
0.5437152981758118,
-0.49908483028411865,
0.1606287807226181,
-0.20143263041973114,
0.21947820484638214,
-0.1643345057964325,
0.23229601979255676,
-0.028071878477931023,
-0.11211883276700974,
-0.27621036767959595,
0.3457309305667877,
-0.37222835421562195,
0.6613175868988037,
0.25460633635520935,
-0.10155675560235977,
-0.6077973246574402,
-0.2033768743276596,
-0.3022489547729492,
-0.16662520170211792,
0.3630414605140686,
-0.7690781950950623,
0.2955254018306732,
-0.41516953706741333,
0.04486050456762314,
-0.13485358655452728,
-0.1549009084701538,
-0.5704052448272705,
-0.36424773931503296,
-0.4718596637248993,
-0.05606386065483093,
0.16673819720745087,
-0.0038360506296157837,
-0.17488999664783478,
-0.061442043632268906,
-0.05713997408747673,
-0.2337445467710495,
-0.8085961937904358,
-0.09322044253349304,
1.0452429056167603,
-0.017966819927096367,
-0.30032432079315186,
-0.39806705713272095,
-0.5792595744132996,
0.5270707607269287,
0.7849704027175903,
0.01152570080012083,
0.3767879903316498,
0.357699453830719,
0.4306323826313019,
-0.8772686123847961,
-0.5445665717124939,
-0.0312667191028595,
-0.7460736632347107,
0.5961980223655701,
0.5278088450431824,
-0.22017215192317963,
0.410639226436615,
0.1345086693763733,
-0.42037713527679443,
0.2987661361694336,
0.36088502407073975,
-0.382281631231308,
-0.049113739281892776,
-0.22629821300506592,
-0.09053068608045578,
0.5888609886169434,
0.2232016772031784,
-0.9814926385879517,
0.6279069185256958,
0.13509193062782288,
0.22277550399303436,
0.0003353345673531294,
-0.23692134022712708,
-0.13748925924301147,
0.024907207116484642,
-0.4628807306289673,
0.28641441464424133,
-0.25325995683670044,
0.6484307646751404,
-0.5388566255569458,
-0.68770831823349,
0.6141240000724792,
0.1827683299779892,
-0.7736201286315918,
-0.3625413179397583,
0.1359529197216034,
0.7302651405334473,
0.2927330434322357,
0.07338635623455048,
0.6192781329154968,
0.14460958540439606,
0.48221227526664734,
0.2046698033809662,
0.1058441773056984,
0.371299684047699,
-0.8694941401481628,
0.10816416144371033,
-0.37243765592575073,
0.174719899892807,
-0.6903854608535767,
0.4835466146469116,
0.0795183852314949,
-0.2317458987236023,
0.11043830960988998,
0.30918294191360474,
-0.09416861832141876,
-0.5172106623649597,
-0.19159092009067535,
0.18169540166854858,
-0.8509780168533325,
0.0546925812959671,
0.1677020639181137,
0.3953918218612671,
0.20752590894699097,
-0.09079986065626144,
0.5009329915046692,
-0.13389499485492706,
0.2810838520526886,
-0.13891007006168365,
-0.7336733937263489,
-0.038799483329057693,
0.28267189860343933,
0.12773308157920837,
0.17680424451828003,
-0.5076702237129211,
0.700870156288147,
-0.23115842044353485,
-0.11918995529413223,
-0.12170299142599106,
-0.05058053880929947,
-0.34484994411468506,
-0.8952794671058655,
0.03842906281352043,
0.5217452645301819,
0.5767899751663208,
0.0051179314032197,
-0.30533546209335327,
0.2053295075893402,
-0.09400849044322968,
-0.1157340556383133,
-0.0417197160422802,
0.0028274841606616974,
-0.3152770400047302,
0.2683316171169281,
-0.10853534191846848,
-0.321201354265213,
0.6554495692253113,
-0.2323278933763504,
-0.369798481464386,
0.1654408872127533,
-0.0003631490981206298,
0.2687392234802246,
-0.8645051717758179,
0.3309178650379181,
0.6997900605201721,
-0.38032570481300354,
-0.9053502082824707,
0.299985408782959,
0.020977577194571495,
0.44859814643859863,
-0.3532768785953522,
-0.07069385796785355,
-0.23564621806144714,
0.5543861985206604,
-0.0613178052008152,
-0.9588624238967896,
-0.26866766810417175,
0.13402055203914642,
0.5240498185157776,
-0.01641320437192917,
-0.4006442129611969,
-0.48519036173820496,
-0.08690164238214493,
0.15363256633281708,
0.10741756856441498,
0.08311174809932709,
-0.6311454176902771,
-0.15380355715751648,
0.42594853043556213,
-0.3479374945163727,
-0.3235650956630707,
-0.48391759395599365,
-0.2889957129955292,
-0.011016273871064186,
0.34207966923713684,
-0.6371831297874451,
0.12095054984092712,
0.9731574058532715,
-0.022876456379890442,
-0.848676323890686,
0.09758167713880539,
0.3761356770992279,
0.2595655620098114,
0.3514330983161926,
-0.562857985496521,
0.06328485161066055,
0.1939719319343567,
0.06343875825405121,
0.15833361446857452,
-0.8995906710624695,
0.004128687083721161,
0.007257803343236446,
-0.2772515118122101,
0.2810250520706177,
-0.4415819048881531,
-0.13579507172107697,
-0.20629112422466278,
0.7413150668144226,
0.20483681559562683,
-0.13137675821781158,
0.8796136379241943,
-0.018895907327532768,
-0.29458335041999817,
-0.48924919962882996,
-0.23481009900569916,
0.2030918002128601,
-0.09622924774885178,
-0.3425717353820801,
-0.27693501114845276,
1.1753194332122803,
0.04197687655687332,
-0.4313197731971741,
0.6032794713973999,
-0.31923994421958923,
-0.347847044467926,
0.09448780119419098,
-0.23852521181106567,
0.644334077835083,
0.07609211653470993,
0.03573142737150192,
0.8903542757034302,
0.3530175983905792,
-0.10396959632635117,
0.17426301538944244,
0.44535544514656067,
1.1066826581954956,
0.6761246919631958,
-0.5091345906257629,
-0.029612844809889793,
0.03206143155694008,
0.2130041867494583,
-0.23916223645210266,
-0.09377703815698624,
0.0398225262761116,
-0.18396973609924316,
-0.033058732748031616,
0.12104019522666931,
0.14774705469608307,
1.013008952140808,
-0.5345017910003662,
-0.2553779184818268,
-0.7115675210952759,
0.36373284459114075,
-0.36835649609565735,
0.03148728236556053,
0.039941977709531784,
-0.5054981112480164,
0.13979750871658325,
-0.06083669885993004,
-0.1737959384918213,
-0.7431235313415527,
-0.07126902788877487,
-0.14437322318553925,
-0.8169542551040649,
-0.17289189994335175,
-0.6224997639656067,
0.05595245957374573,
0.7798715233802795,
-0.539647102355957,
0.5087360143661499,
0.19336183369159698,
-0.3166753053665161,
-0.7318863868713379,
-0.5063236951828003,
-0.7380661964416504,
0.09230844676494598,
-0.6107662916183472,
-0.23871149122714996,
0.40567946434020996,
-0.13824598491191864,
-0.24111558496952057,
-0.22561955451965332,
-0.3634629249572754,
-0.24850498139858246,
-0.3314718008041382,
0.43554678559303284,
0.09412116557359695,
-0.6587467789649963,
-0.3258868157863617,
0.332429975271225,
0.48515230417251587,
1.20655357837677,
-0.12580986320972443,
0.32386714220046997,
0.21838097274303436,
0.36572834849357605,
0.1978387087583542,
-0.7495611310005188,
0.1097613275051117,
-0.27472859621047974,
-0.4490610659122467,
-0.10805664211511612,
0.142571821808815,
0.18415683507919312,
0.30730363726615906,
0.31683212518692017,
0.19774945080280304,
0.15101473033428192,
-0.8240978717803955,
-0.5283750891685486,
0.7305829524993896,
-0.3206407427787781,
0.2064817249774933,
-0.008978941477835178,
-0.0434366874396801,
0.37001606822013855,
0.7834193706512451,
-0.04888366162776947,
0.2462259829044342,
1.1331745386123657,
0.287410706281662,
-0.029254453256726265,
-0.126247838139534,
0.031284626573324203,
-0.04291869327425957,
-0.6954867243766785,
-0.7323866486549377,
0.16058827936649323,
-0.06870254874229431,
-0.10733937472105026,
-0.18917346000671387,
-0.43109938502311707,
-0.14761553704738617,
0.2825669050216675,
0.234614759683609,
0.3009033501148224,
-0.14666438102722168,
0.6927545070648193,
0.04636527597904205,
0.07235637307167053,
0.11595482379198074,
-0.34161415696144104,
0.2183932363986969,
0.023925382643938065,
0.14009064435958862,
-0.05611416697502136,
0.49595463275909424,
-0.3447519540786743,
0.2945062518119812,
-0.6762769818305969,
-0.4495182931423187,
0.3161185383796692,
-0.8598896265029907,
-0.21304374933242798,
0.302352637052536,
-0.3612838387489319,
1.209579348564148,
0.07277310639619827,
0.282482773065567,
-0.7935917973518372,
-0.3578175902366638,
-0.2917240858078003,
-0.3764576315879822,
0.4630095064640045,
0.1720159947872162,
-0.11642850935459137,
-0.3211759328842163,
0.35747605562210083,
-0.033206988126039505,
0.17505072057247162,
0.06201837584376335,
0.2501029670238495,
0.2066284567117691,
-0.19850538671016693,
-0.8168368935585022,
-0.4326683580875397,
-0.2576684355735779,
-0.019498754292726517,
0.10710765421390533,
0.14230221509933472,
-0.24751251935958862,
0.5917873382568359,
-0.023836689069867134,
-0.391216516494751,
1.127532958984375,
-0.015276210382580757,
-0.14714746177196503,
0.575907826423645,
0.3844461739063263,
0.21742887794971466,
-0.12874513864517212,
0.9326647520065308,
0.2872702181339264,
0.3843376636505127,
0.21030865609645844,
0.16329964995384216,
-0.3918335735797882,
0.010698212310671806,
-0.5078360438346863,
0.384452223777771,
-0.057192932814359665,
-0.03566760942339897,
-0.023140957579016685,
0.40804365277290344,
-0.38751018047332764,
0.07639861851930618,
-0.5532931089401245,
-0.3433404862880707,
0.17790672183036804,
0.13948051631450653,
0.7585926651954651,
0.3238646984100342,
-0.37464162707328796,
-0.1698572337627411,
0.12866397202014923,
-0.13376548886299133,
0.18206261098384857,
0.461993932723999,
-0.10763607174158096,
0.09754988551139832,
0.06735364347696304,
-0.5741077065467834,
-0.17676636576652527,
0.9394066333770752,
0.32975196838378906,
-0.19975022971630096,
-0.46057480573654175,
-0.026184188202023506,
-0.029951998963952065,
-1.2443310022354126,
0.6346880197525024,
0.8430573344230652,
0.22018399834632874,
0.0725608617067337,
0.43331655859947205,
-0.2501477003097534,
-0.35371628403663635,
-0.13489045202732086,
0.2676883339881897,
0.7236696481704712,
-0.10868744552135468,
-0.3890896737575531,
0.005281275603920221,
0.5304569602012634,
0.18755759298801422,
-0.014576327987015247,
-0.7596251368522644,
-0.2643880248069763,
0.4003346562385559,
0.013578053563833237,
0.3100760877132416,
0.31910794973373413,
0.7809293866157532,
-0.8778002262115479
]
|
123455 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big%20Arm%2C%20Montana | Big Arm, Montana | Big Arm is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 177 at the 2010 census, up from 131 in 2000.
The town is situated on the south side of Big Arm, a large bay on Flathead Lake, hence its name. The name was used by the Kootenai people, who lived there prior to the town being established. The post office opened in 1911, with Marion F. Lamb as postmaster.
Big Arm State Park is located just north of the town.
Geography
Big Arm is located in northwestern Lake County at (47.802296, -114.280952). The census-designated place contains the settlement of Big Arm along the southern shore of Flathead Lake's Big Arm, as well as undeveloped grassland to the south, up to the base of an unnamed mountain. The CDP is bordered to the northeast by the community of Lindisfarne.
U.S. Route 93 passes through Big Arm, running just south of the lake shore. The highway leads southeast to Polson, the Lake county seat, and northwest to Elmo. The city of Kalispell is north of Big Arm.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Big Arm has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 131 people, 56 households, and 39 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 24.0 people per square mile (9.3/km2). There were 124 housing units at an average density of 22.8 per square mile (8.8/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 69.47% White and 30.53% Native American.
There were 56 households, out of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.6% were non-families. 21.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.60.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 19.8% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 18.3% from 25 to 44, 29.8% from 45 to 64, and 22.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females there were 111.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $29,000, and the median income for a family was $38,750. Males had a median income of $16,750 versus $21,875 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,620. There were no families and 8.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 30.0% of those over 64.
See also
List of census-designated places in Montana
References
External links
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.31530430912971497,
0.6247312426567078,
0.5911459922790527,
-0.4196016192436218,
0.24311360716819763,
-0.13809837400913239,
0.8355075716972351,
0.4913284182548523,
-0.1912974864244461,
-0.00671498803421855,
-0.13683505356311798,
0.0019784909673035145,
-0.4453578293323517,
0.6271522045135498,
-0.8018991947174072,
0.36922356486320496,
0.0252834502607584,
0.7545651793479919,
0.3535412847995758,
0.09034424275159836,
0.20022694766521454,
-0.7814715504646301,
0.20489159226417542,
0.618577241897583,
-0.05251256003975868,
0.4633671045303345,
0.7243871092796326,
0.21908538043498993,
-0.17132790386676788,
0.12774516642093658,
-0.05082163214683533,
0.2546141743659973,
-0.7042770981788635,
-0.3644324243068695,
0.19728264212608337,
-0.12526960670948029,
0.5799936652183533,
0.26919010281562805,
-0.10332389175891876,
-0.09541404992341995,
-0.1991439163684845,
-0.04207346960902214,
0.03503744304180145,
0.015361074358224869,
0.5935487151145935,
-0.7673947811126709,
-1.094734787940979,
0.29237091541290283,
-0.901957094669342,
-0.3007349967956543,
-1.00826096534729,
-0.3017761707305908,
0.30176281929016113,
-0.15609323978424072,
0.7871212959289551,
0.28777915239334106,
-0.16350625455379486,
0.017424874007701874,
0.4159086048603058,
-0.08723341673612595,
-0.11520519852638245,
0.471301406621933,
0.5951720476150513,
-0.23118670284748077,
-0.024293886497616768,
0.10591158270835876,
-0.11800554394721985,
0.4413915276527405,
0.08291134983301163,
-1.015964388847351,
0.05144592002034187,
0.1745942384004593,
-0.854023277759552,
0.34850460290908813,
0.5184746980667114,
0.5697032809257507,
-0.7621256113052368,
-0.1265501230955124,
0.09662692248821259,
0.005788792856037617,
0.002918141195550561,
0.34161898493766785,
0.024225100874900818,
0.3543837070465088,
-0.2868390679359436,
0.04871201887726784,
-0.4701331555843353,
-0.08461716771125793,
-0.15199577808380127,
0.9075285196304321,
-0.5854809880256653,
-0.2857234477996826,
0.15487807989120483,
-0.16247378289699554,
0.1258310079574585,
-0.45194026827812195,
-0.17811046540737152,
0.5386353731155396,
-0.3669971823692322,
0.5412381291389465,
-0.19357076287269592,
-0.30816203355789185,
1.0612984895706177,
-0.029738811776041985,
-0.7817628979682922,
-0.41399073600769043,
-0.6382448673248291,
0.05836419761180878,
-0.2287880778312683,
-0.223972350358963,
-0.7046051025390625,
0.3466588258743286,
-0.21139122545719147,
-0.6369847059249878,
-0.3330156207084656,
0.8268000483512878,
0.3094080686569214,
-0.7770193219184875,
-0.4052506685256958,
-0.5971896648406982,
0.25732025504112244,
0.8430497050285339,
-0.19770994782447815,
-0.4474949240684509,
-0.08117450028657913,
0.11680939048528671,
0.2916286289691925,
0.09102120250463486,
-0.06536438316106796,
0.1281009316444397,
-0.7666674852371216,
0.5809057950973511,
0.0064308615401387215,
0.12196724116802216,
-0.16979862749576569,
-0.44053909182548523,
-0.013517800718545914,
-0.13230226933956146,
0.21803118288516998,
-0.38481491804122925,
-0.31557562947273254,
-0.2323184758424759,
-0.5684818625450134,
-0.3210814893245697,
0.6498060822486877,
-0.24813933670520782,
-0.269867479801178,
-1.1465965509414673,
0.032217346131801605,
-0.26579657196998596,
-0.08095980435609818,
-0.09601013362407684,
0.3782084286212921,
1.036360740661621,
0.45015010237693787,
0.34178248047828674,
1.0820950269699097,
0.26199015974998474,
0.4758153557777405,
0.5025365352630615,
0.27716782689094543,
0.6005892753601074,
0.5857311487197876,
0.1970893144607544,
0.982528567314148,
-0.02845785580575466,
0.9127651453018188,
-0.5775666832923889,
0.17159146070480347,
0.33412715792655945,
-0.35753801465034485,
0.31328126788139343,
0.7679026126861572,
-0.19563846290111542,
0.12725219130516052,
-1.2309587001800537,
0.19346372783184052,
0.18419790267944336,
-0.30052119493484497,
-0.0024237085599452257,
-0.7155606150627136,
0.6484480500221252,
0.04079277813434601,
0.07074976712465286,
-0.2144928127527237,
0.1031048595905304,
-0.06096308305859566,
0.1342858523130417,
-0.47779572010040283,
-0.5816221237182617,
0.21337297558784485,
-0.9214032292366028,
0.9545429944992065,
0.20958849787712097,
0.5899434685707092,
0.07949339598417282,
-0.5715917944908142,
1.1501790285110474,
-0.33002349734306335,
0.3105948269367218,
-0.41047829389572144,
0.04725894704461098,
0.6134706139564514,
-0.5816769599914551,
-0.5909897685050964,
-0.07829843461513519,
0.4638260304927826,
0.45257315039634705,
0.17353682219982147,
0.7212455868721008,
0.21948137879371643,
-0.5495753288269043,
-0.18616914749145508,
0.22536776959896088,
-0.40351518988609314,
0.05568702891469002,
-0.15249742567539215,
0.10932984948158264,
0.44665566086769104,
-0.27961328625679016,
0.7067542672157288,
0.02756478264927864,
-0.18006816506385803,
-0.1894482523202896,
-0.12330950051546097,
0.7133014798164368,
0.6507105827331543,
0.46439963579177856,
-0.3481772541999817,
0.13315285742282867,
0.5979763269424438,
-0.2691158056259155,
0.1758185178041458,
-0.32468634843826294,
-0.058450885117053986,
0.14271362125873566,
-0.03829427808523178,
-0.3823072910308838,
0.9161357283592224,
-0.7973704934120178,
0.1057121530175209,
0.40996450185775757,
-0.4413113296031952,
0.13006754219532013,
0.6231923699378967,
0.369800865650177,
0.6009583473205566,
-0.09933073818683624,
-0.2291857749223709,
-0.258694052696228,
-0.3442886173725128,
0.0351814329624176,
0.5139979124069214,
-0.30449938774108887,
0.664147138595581,
0.26854294538497925,
-0.09481076896190643,
-0.39035162329673767,
0.3730602562427521,
0.3786129653453827,
-0.012753820046782494,
0.6185031533241272,
-0.45557448267936707,
-0.1807214617729187,
0.26024919748306274,
-0.41269561648368835,
-0.17619095742702484,
-0.5679933428764343,
-0.323295533657074,
0.6198716163635254,
0.6018884778022766,
-0.2995821237564087,
-0.15880073606967926,
-0.004106524400413036,
0.8515316843986511,
0.21225087344646454,
-0.3051907420158386,
-0.3906934857368469,
-0.3675062358379364,
-0.1974642425775528,
0.4302164912223816,
0.9297460913658142,
0.35045960545539856,
-0.6181226968765259,
-0.3412856161594391,
-0.6049381494522095,
0.8414998054504395,
0.2331986427307129,
-0.7269627451896667,
0.19825473427772522,
0.10921785980463028,
-0.5240516662597656,
0.09329067170619965,
0.4003402292728424,
-0.9879451394081116,
0.47673705220222473,
0.006235077511519194,
0.02954748645424843,
0.5565204620361328,
-0.8534228205680847,
-0.4541044235229492,
0.28072217106819153,
-0.8383893966674805,
-0.3038097620010376,
-0.4381329119205475,
-0.3985119163990021,
0.26194295287132263,
-0.4321897029876709,
-4.748764514923096,
0.313048779964447,
-0.49779197573661804,
-0.4253878891468048,
-0.4114142060279846,
-0.17486661672592163,
-0.09000444412231445,
-0.5281751155853271,
-0.29042547941207886,
0.3279869258403778,
-0.07428424805402756,
-0.24401287734508514,
0.6021761298179626,
0.3209385573863983,
1.1520076990127563,
0.40243080258369446,
0.6653491854667664,
-0.07781780511140823,
0.6728122234344482,
0.09258279204368591,
0.19216658174991608,
0.6905943155288696,
-0.07931841909885406,
-0.5649356245994568,
0.8153777122497559,
0.15249408781528473,
-0.2015666663646698,
-0.2334984689950943,
-0.40529394149780273,
-0.17030729353427887,
0.15463374555110931,
0.40633073449134827,
-0.35008126497268677,
-0.4375801682472229,
0.0738850086927414,
-0.2500063180923462,
0.4509260058403015,
-0.32265451550483704,
0.7951912879943848,
-0.45183899998664856,
0.3998485803604126,
0.4400211274623871,
-0.18134628236293793,
-0.326163113117218,
0.7276811599731445,
-0.011535384692251682,
-0.19759562611579895,
-0.6558310389518738,
-0.4622419476509094,
0.5692838430404663,
0.3578580319881439,
0.21982403099536896,
0.5590012073516846,
-0.04128151759505272,
0.45861005783081055,
-0.4443418085575104,
-0.1556166708469391,
-0.15996681153774261,
-0.5685379505157471,
0.4092180132865906,
0.11866720765829086,
-0.6869754195213318,
0.22288422286510468,
-0.15572087466716766,
-0.12999047338962555,
-0.5269240736961365,
0.3903268277645111,
-0.4641757011413574,
0.44562608003616333,
0.25545716285705566,
0.262067973613739,
0.43590423464775085,
-0.7190800309181213,
-0.7461942434310913,
0.35323140025138855,
-1.0473216772079468,
-0.006727560888975859,
0.5386486649513245,
-0.7799029350280762,
-0.12401757389307022,
-0.41435447335243225,
-0.19551926851272583,
-0.057035449892282486,
0.9564088582992554,
0.2987549901008606,
-0.5603248476982117,
-0.06621968001127243,
0.04730973765254021,
-0.3487311601638794,
-0.6188641786575317,
0.4674300253391266,
0.12780505418777466,
0.11980001628398895,
-0.1397971510887146,
-0.5855386257171631,
-0.11692902445793152,
0.2723861634731293,
-0.21137718856334686,
0.08041006326675415,
-0.5020177960395813,
0.6771317720413208,
0.002755816327407956,
-0.3070051372051239,
-0.6178376078605652,
-0.18148700892925262,
-0.5195624828338623,
0.1944192796945572,
0.35096094012260437,
0.8410825729370117,
-0.7972633838653564,
-0.6175734400749207,
-0.3192827105522156,
-0.09298700839281082,
-0.05639272555708885,
0.14165586233139038,
0.038241684436798096,
-0.49028581380844116,
0.4741991460323334,
0.5882886648178101,
0.09161768853664398,
0.46107229590415955,
0.001558090327307582,
0.03512420877814293,
-0.0627947524189949,
0.08383051306009293,
-0.3540371060371399,
0.30197542905807495,
-0.10312151908874512,
-0.721552848815918,
0.6363828182220459,
0.042639508843421936,
-0.006049441173672676,
0.08865871280431747,
-0.0031350196804851294,
-0.29314401745796204,
0.1080736368894577,
-0.7238538265228271,
-0.5884499549865723,
0.24089324474334717,
0.12442927062511444,
0.512105405330658,
0.47573062777519226,
-0.12268888205289841,
1.064223051071167,
-0.5989348888397217,
0.560946524143219,
0.17743901908397675,
0.3771405518054962,
-1.3351666927337646,
0.48298826813697815,
-0.9030010104179382,
-0.4808151423931122,
0.05877426639199257,
-0.7511036396026611,
0.6141563653945923,
0.17875221371650696,
0.2170116901397705,
0.619771420955658,
-0.0038631276693195105,
-0.09758124500513077,
0.19538988173007965,
0.03195883333683014,
-0.5597129464149475,
0.7068266868591309,
-0.19870442152023315,
-0.4272703230381012,
-0.9468141198158264,
-0.11696316301822662,
-0.5173342227935791,
-0.19220243394374847,
0.42428532242774963,
-0.5908360481262207,
-0.22208377718925476,
0.05010077729821205,
0.5181451439857483,
-0.03986446559429169,
-0.2854628562927246,
0.050043053925037384,
0.01792500726878643,
-0.08894340693950653,
-0.003559461096301675,
0.1194935068488121,
-0.2731987237930298,
-0.017425723373889923,
0.3945070505142212,
0.0176309235394001,
-0.5736282467842102,
-0.242832213640213,
0.0067298077046871185,
0.45493537187576294,
0.2180773913860321,
-0.272210955619812,
0.39526838064193726,
0.1566939651966095,
0.10552940517663956,
-0.3633158206939697,
0.5580268502235413,
0.48576614260673523,
-0.42563608288764954,
-0.8593679666519165,
0.453238308429718,
0.4136005938053131,
-0.6352415680885315,
0.39806559681892395,
-0.2293071746826172,
-0.4578274190425873,
0.8196016550064087,
0.7263087034225464,
-0.8366941809654236,
0.8524633049964905,
-0.3235819339752197,
-0.9751425385475159,
0.5533592104911804,
0.8335503339767456,
-0.2480258345603943,
0.8970516324043274,
0.27650439739227295,
-0.010773968882858753,
-0.036618344485759735,
-0.06259991973638535,
-0.35113441944122314,
-0.18916739523410797,
-0.2788984179496765,
-0.9158822298049927,
-0.7028133869171143,
0.7399709820747375,
-0.03596389293670654,
-0.2651310861110687,
0.9322221279144287,
-0.8825324773788452,
0.1672704517841339,
-0.3618814945220947,
0.07996248453855515,
0.06862988322973251,
0.5189982652664185,
0.3101080656051636,
-0.559624969959259,
-0.045638762414455414,
0.38923558592796326,
-0.2489345222711563,
0.4479537010192871,
1.616732120513916,
0.01298485416918993,
-0.3171391189098358,
-0.431345671415329,
0.37695392966270447,
0.5450785756111145,
-0.016281528398394585,
-0.9936704635620117,
0.7538878917694092,
0.6720055341720581,
-0.738792359828949,
-0.6004874110221863,
-0.42176535725593567,
1.4264377355575562,
-0.2499571591615677,
-0.38920164108276367,
1.058258056640625,
-0.3926782011985779,
0.188145712018013,
0.21311311423778534,
0.4205949604511261,
-0.13296447694301605,
0.377048134803772,
0.2173711359500885,
0.0657009482383728,
-0.1800232082605362,
-0.7264307737350464,
-0.06487062573432922,
-0.5333265662193298,
0.19238124787807465,
-0.5714347958564758,
0.42031610012054443,
-0.34565770626068115,
-1.1955047845840454,
0.25532737374305725,
0.018840627744793892,
-0.862194836139679,
-0.26736825704574585,
0.15154843032360077,
-0.32163840532302856,
0.06740982085466385,
0.5043444037437439,
-0.4762229919433594,
0.334548681974411,
-0.32755693793296814,
-0.23475606739521027,
0.5267544984817505,
-0.29629743099212646,
0.4654398262500763,
-0.4843997061252594,
-0.4528537094593048,
-0.40849700570106506,
-0.6831049919128418,
0.37639808654785156,
0.3796059787273407,
0.6611190438270569,
0.5218970775604248,
-0.8969646692276001,
0.1193271055817604,
-0.8623833656311035,
0.9224269390106201,
-0.40983062982559204,
-0.7155743837356567,
0.22149303555488586,
-0.2730521857738495,
-0.5652335286140442,
-0.7428436875343323,
0.5186212062835693,
0.19452953338623047,
-0.02173824980854988,
0.022844862192869186,
0.33526429533958435,
1.0455739498138428,
-0.5510082840919495,
0.46299609541893005,
0.11327550560235977,
-0.1721556931734085,
-0.4759928286075592,
0.3491162061691284,
-0.7287333011627197,
-0.1714351326227188,
0.247172012925148,
0.39475375413894653,
-0.32648521661758423,
1.042746901512146,
-0.1408546417951584,
0.47845908999443054,
-0.1864210069179535,
0.5842582583427429,
-0.09114327281713486,
-0.9407275915145874,
-0.4236876964569092,
-0.09523073583841324,
-1.0352410078048706,
-0.18833747506141663,
0.06609892845153809,
-0.1967790126800537,
-0.7673144936561584,
0.35341987013816833,
0.06538525223731995,
0.26880908012390137,
-0.05119255930185318,
-0.047052051872015,
0.679651141166687,
-0.6692928671836853,
0.19230917096138,
0.3650367856025696,
0.781032919883728,
-0.3730352222919464,
0.012052391655743122,
-0.8910050988197327,
-0.3967549800872803,
-1.051398754119873,
-0.2490309774875641,
-0.11672081053256989,
-0.041200198233127594,
-0.9164719581604004,
-0.19173549115657806,
0.6284009218215942,
-0.2358240783214569,
-0.6691832542419434,
0.6711573600769043,
0.35630202293395996,
-0.05213959887623787,
-0.6307565569877625,
0.5627022385597229,
-0.4861043393611908,
-0.06311005353927612,
0.713455080986023,
0.3899776339530945,
0.36747825145721436,
0.5147683620452881,
0.30750715732574463,
0.019145876169204712,
0.4655318856239319,
-0.04343056306242943,
0.32338467240333557,
-0.45749130845069885,
0.14150258898735046,
-0.1581110805273056,
0.35121822357177734,
-0.32493123412132263,
-0.8796872496604919,
-0.1782689392566681,
-0.2653175890445709,
0.23356547951698303,
0.24371284246444702,
0.0430644266307354,
-0.4669966399669647,
0.15834981203079224,
-0.5867823362350464,
-0.26263654232025146,
-0.3491024672985077,
-0.2818683683872223,
-0.3182430565357208,
-0.15429536998271942,
0.5000991225242615,
0.6342581510543823,
0.0408858060836792,
-0.11167241632938385,
0.06402856856584549,
0.7398227453231812,
0.02913595363497734,
0.6323333382606506,
0.3820767402648926,
-0.21760308742523193,
0.11482127755880356,
-0.6016563773155212,
0.7897945046424866,
-0.4082936644554138,
0.600975751876831,
-0.5262075662612915,
0.9772733449935913,
-0.403816282749176,
-0.1702757626771927,
0.8748383522033691,
-0.8875917196273804,
-0.4209761321544647,
0.05198927968740463,
-0.2553563117980957,
-0.9886016845703125,
0.8972229361534119,
0.5855581164360046,
0.08432581275701523,
-0.3513428866863251,
-0.5868864059448242,
-0.3382177948951721,
-1.040833592414856,
0.3836807608604431,
0.20110157132148743,
-0.8680356740951538,
-0.04497019574046135,
0.20593032240867615,
-0.3702777922153473,
-0.6651108860969543,
-0.34870287775993347,
1.5331366062164307,
0.6845921874046326,
-0.14901506900787354,
0.37116947770118713,
-0.21750538051128387,
-0.024796100333333015,
0.20580452680587769,
0.9824922680854797,
0.606532096862793,
-0.6828206777572632,
-1.0718704462051392,
-0.5695260763168335,
0.26414909958839417,
0.02890261635184288,
-0.6146619915962219,
0.25969403982162476,
-0.565139651298523,
0.06127545237541199,
0.16080071032047272,
0.3805473744869232,
-0.27749812602996826,
0.5831802487373352,
-0.08133240789175034
]
|
123458 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlo%2C%20Montana | Charlo, Montana | Charlo (Salish: sallu ) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 379 at the 2010 census, down from 439 in 2000. The 2018 population estimate was 320.
The town was named in 1918 for a Salish chief. Previously it had been called Big Flat, Charlotte, and Tabor.
Geography
Charlo is located in southern Lake County at (47.440017, -114.173171), along Montana Highway 212. It is west of U.S. Route 93 and south of Polson, the county seat. Via Highway 212 it is northeast of Dixon. Ninepipe National Wildlife Refuge, surrounding Ninepipe Reservoir, is east of Charlo.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which , or 0.58%, are water.
Charlo is within the Flathead Indian Reservation.
Demographics
Warning
The 2000 data below is out of date.
To access the last available data (2018 estimate), connect to data.census.gov.
Note that the numbers are estimated with an important margin error.
It would be better to wait the results of the 2020 Census.
2000 Data
At the 2000 census, there were 439 people, 166 households and 112 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 219.4 per square mile (84.7/km). There were 175 housing units at an average density of 87.5 per square mile (33.8/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 76.77% White, 1.14% African American, 17.77% Native American, 2.05% from other races, and 2.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.73% of the population.
There were 166 households, of which 42.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.6% were married couples living together, 15.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.5% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.22.
36.0% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.9 males.
The median household income was $24,167 and the median family income was $32,500. Males had a median income of $25,577 and females $17,250. The per capita income was $10,687. About 16.0% of families and 21.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.9% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.
Town events
Each year, residents of Charlo host a Fourth of July parade and cookout along Main Street (Highway 212). Regular participants include local equestrian units, Charlo "all school" alumni, representatives from all branches of military service, and the local fire department.
Conservation
Charlo borders several protected areas, including the Herak Waterfowl Production area and Ninepipes Reservoir. These protected areas, along with seasonal flood irrigation, provide habitats for various native fauna such as white-tailed deer, pheasants, bald eagles, and western painted turtles.
Charlo is host of Owl Research Institute managing scientific research on Owls of all species.
Close to the lake, are implemented 2 platforms for osprey nests.
During the 2020 season, the first nest, used by ospreys in 2019, was squattered by geese and the osprey family - Charlie and Charlotte - moved to the second one. Actually, they are taking care of two chicks.
Education
Charlo School District educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. They are known as the Vikings. Charlo High School is a Class C school.
References
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.011783963069319725,
0.8783285617828369,
0.10351220518350601,
-0.13778048753738403,
0.35421013832092285,
0.655413806438446,
0.9109304547309875,
0.7058380246162415,
-0.16865995526313782,
0.4155665934085846,
-0.14327368140220642,
-0.17501981556415558,
-0.473063588142395,
0.8194669485092163,
-0.6840304732322693,
0.18276378512382507,
0.39814886450767517,
0.599144458770752,
0.7932843565940857,
0.02627941034734249,
-0.027053173631429672,
-0.43132123351097107,
-0.06414774805307388,
0.37496453523635864,
0.01977570727467537,
0.8930023908615112,
0.1688053458929062,
0.4919421970844269,
0.02898690104484558,
0.23823708295822144,
0.12861022353172302,
0.9482447504997253,
-0.06742493808269501,
-0.2085348665714264,
0.07998563349246979,
-0.25719544291496277,
0.5240940451622009,
-0.2890714108943939,
-0.25724995136260986,
-0.43395349383354187,
-0.11036069691181183,
-0.07633873075246811,
0.5289817452430725,
0.01077547762542963,
-0.02741245925426483,
-0.15803351998329163,
-1.0152857303619385,
0.9202000498771667,
-0.9964449405670166,
0.03396373242139816,
-1.160984754562378,
-0.28553712368011475,
0.1318860799074173,
-0.3033600151538849,
0.5854607224464417,
0.5925419926643372,
-0.9599388241767883,
-0.015231385827064514,
0.2171044498682022,
-0.20264509320259094,
-0.11247264593839645,
0.3155767619609833,
0.08703769743442535,
-0.30685460567474365,
-0.41395214200019836,
0.2561418116092682,
-0.03860318288207054,
0.3780261278152466,
0.39779210090637207,
-0.638526976108551,
-0.024268051609396935,
0.23621682822704315,
-0.24729841947555542,
0.6643648147583008,
0.01640564389526844,
0.3503822684288025,
-0.7483155727386475,
-0.16653454303741455,
0.1332159787416458,
0.2263096272945404,
0.5357367992401123,
-0.2672039866447449,
0.9845196604728699,
-0.008302656933665276,
0.08945977687835693,
0.27057361602783203,
-0.6569656729698181,
0.2573397159576416,
0.280260294675827,
0.8013601899147034,
-1.3105765581130981,
-0.402746319770813,
0.5534474849700928,
-0.00739063648506999,
-0.09291314333677292,
-0.48571810126304626,
0.010976537130773067,
0.3439188599586487,
-0.1544778048992157,
0.3737410008907318,
-0.8760315179824829,
-0.37995007634162903,
1.0205583572387695,
0.41394665837287903,
-0.7743006944656372,
-0.3451906144618988,
-0.8195447325706482,
-0.044318873435258865,
0.15295083820819855,
0.1767377257347107,
-0.5820176601409912,
0.25423380732536316,
-0.21784956753253937,
-0.2556834816932678,
-0.48617345094680786,
0.1422203928232193,
-0.14824530482292175,
-0.28621894121170044,
-0.28513166308403015,
-0.4456823468208313,
0.5595563650131226,
0.6021716594696045,
0.12350323051214218,
-0.02859564498066902,
-0.20241141319274902,
0.17890532314777374,
0.40550556778907776,
-0.3005602955818176,
-0.01757068745791912,
0.2703143060207367,
-0.5601298213005066,
0.9013569355010986,
-0.21675512194633484,
0.3928506076335907,
-0.35440176725387573,
-0.6556491851806641,
-0.13262151181697845,
-0.7179566621780396,
-0.01422705315053463,
0.15479327738285065,
-0.7351321578025818,
0.1280854493379593,
-0.3729170858860016,
0.07937180995941162,
0.802553117275238,
0.2664888799190521,
0.1902266889810562,
-0.5025143623352051,
0.08233806490898132,
-0.5723093748092651,
-0.02945559099316597,
0.3329094350337982,
0.5538510084152222,
0.4758969843387604,
0.22487501800060272,
0.4691089391708374,
0.48158857226371765,
0.5202053785324097,
0.5899904370307922,
0.14495503902435303,
0.13631147146224976,
1.2209804058074951,
0.7939798831939697,
-0.05690773203969002,
0.8260429501533508,
-0.1199595108628273,
0.10950321704149246,
-0.1143607422709465,
0.09184524416923523,
1.0943888425827026,
-0.20285305380821228,
0.5637432932853699,
0.8507851958274841,
0.198481485247612,
0.04587870091199875,
-0.5113856196403503,
0.5842923521995544,
0.39397624135017395,
0.009289220906794071,
-0.23778840899467468,
-0.8167431950569153,
0.3360172212123871,
0.21200121939182281,
0.3920629024505615,
-0.4789329469203949,
-0.07737905532121658,
0.1442391276359558,
-0.33157819509506226,
0.20446670055389404,
-0.835757851600647,
-0.5190185308456421,
-1.1142573356628418,
0.8861070275306702,
-0.26624780893325806,
0.8348405957221985,
-0.6153663396835327,
0.13961631059646606,
0.34174591302871704,
-0.31808510422706604,
0.2854819595813751,
-0.5128383636474609,
-0.2083858847618103,
0.7316746115684509,
-0.3319240212440491,
-0.4574621617794037,
0.09589550644159317,
0.15496206283569336,
-0.1528242975473404,
0.42790937423706055,
0.6752413511276245,
-0.11415846645832062,
-0.22533006966114044,
0.10862725973129272,
0.7646868824958801,
-0.4538640081882477,
-0.1503966748714447,
-0.3944394290447235,
0.09888450801372528,
0.33442336320877075,
-0.516362190246582,
0.549102783203125,
-0.12536947429180145,
0.1649441421031952,
-0.17624545097351074,
-0.007869263179600239,
0.48682400584220886,
1.017696738243103,
-0.16103771328926086,
-0.06130346283316612,
0.5707762837409973,
0.42126762866973877,
0.2338997721672058,
0.6326005458831787,
-0.5044878125190735,
-0.12001296132802963,
0.20798403024673462,
0.21832051873207092,
-0.12616917490959167,
0.7091849446296692,
-0.9094451665878296,
-0.2634005844593048,
-0.0834677591919899,
0.0007761907181702554,
0.07014577090740204,
0.2432653158903122,
0.5304722785949707,
-0.0008771349675953388,
0.16939280927181244,
-0.16545523703098297,
-0.5105045437812805,
0.10449717938899994,
0.2397225797176361,
0.13118188083171844,
-0.15993089973926544,
0.12707388401031494,
0.18609322607517242,
-0.1033567488193512,
-0.34864622354507446,
0.23725788295269012,
-0.4456261694431305,
0.14100196957588196,
0.05009109526872635,
-0.33641475439071655,
-0.07227213680744171,
0.75017249584198,
-0.645273745059967,
-0.17241717875003815,
-0.6359847187995911,
0.20206114649772644,
0.8809509873390198,
-0.3410590589046478,
-0.14037437736988068,
-0.5185815095901489,
0.35102906823158264,
0.480566143989563,
0.4206167459487915,
-0.47329777479171753,
-0.37959423661231995,
-0.5028096437454224,
0.1005587950348854,
0.19400732219219208,
0.973963737487793,
-0.5947216749191284,
-0.18687839806079865,
-0.38164350390434265,
-0.744849681854248,
0.5469798445701599,
-0.12946240603923798,
-0.44660598039627075,
-0.3816571831703186,
-0.27073934674263,
-0.11705905199050903,
-0.6334302425384521,
0.012344113551080227,
-0.6937223672866821,
0.1521977186203003,
0.032443687319755554,
0.07016269117593765,
0.585390567779541,
-0.9668753743171692,
-0.1668757200241089,
-0.04288948327302933,
-0.05442837253212929,
0.45422956347465515,
-0.3210969567298889,
-0.18793319165706635,
0.17566677927970886,
-0.4353781044483185,
-4.765986919403076,
0.8419824242591858,
-0.5177041888237,
-0.6585931181907654,
-0.013983181677758694,
-0.07107353955507278,
-0.08935698866844177,
-0.42412424087524414,
-0.09551388770341873,
0.43422695994377136,
-0.632856547832489,
0.018624406307935715,
-0.23660489916801453,
0.925086259841919,
1.1420981884002686,
0.31391772627830505,
-0.006680040620267391,
-0.3673223853111267,
0.414938747882843,
0.49514469504356384,
-0.25125545263290405,
0.5300685167312622,
-0.31285449862480164,
0.04179874435067177,
0.591368556022644,
0.8435810804367065,
-0.6859785914421082,
-0.314647912979126,
-0.6134647130966187,
-0.10826241225004196,
0.05344380810856819,
0.04161941632628441,
-0.5419021248817444,
-0.09537795186042786,
-0.14135503768920898,
0.12790049612522125,
-0.06836965680122375,
-0.34739449620246887,
0.13814997673034668,
-0.4740262031555176,
0.46722036600112915,
0.33778274059295654,
-0.2961360812187195,
-0.41840219497680664,
1.0440114736557007,
0.06353313475847244,
-0.46189963817596436,
-0.138857901096344,
-0.007962393574416637,
0.6664247512817383,
-0.004133840091526508,
0.4835391342639923,
0.5919502377510071,
0.35431551933288574,
0.13715164363384247,
-0.13909347355365753,
0.2878192663192749,
0.027544749900698662,
-0.14583104848861694,
0.892819881439209,
0.03894622251391411,
-0.7468276023864746,
-0.1343136876821518,
0.1767963171005249,
-0.2885226011276245,
-0.6321179866790771,
0.20940472185611725,
0.25363436341285706,
0.2694878876209259,
-0.07582050561904907,
-0.2521875202655792,
0.6026270389556885,
-0.6402303576469421,
-0.7329864501953125,
0.12061092257499695,
-1.0845428705215454,
-0.16033343970775604,
0.2259237915277481,
-0.5633339285850525,
0.4791308045387268,
0.07236990332603455,
-0.255248099565506,
-0.04207027330994606,
0.5820402503013611,
0.451715886592865,
-0.5474748015403748,
0.11573270708322525,
-0.15190455317497253,
-0.1266450136899948,
-0.7129579782485962,
0.9215388894081116,
-0.4427074193954468,
0.7275375127792358,
-0.1181706115603447,
-0.18602973222732544,
0.1140528991818428,
0.7465716004371643,
-0.18153603374958038,
-0.02115473337471485,
-0.20707562565803528,
0.22388066351413727,
0.08472638577222824,
-0.12187694013118744,
-0.4085466265678406,
-0.35545873641967773,
-0.7011874318122864,
-0.21557050943374634,
0.03293795511126518,
0.7124311923980713,
-0.12618263065814972,
-0.17174240946769714,
0.05043528974056244,
-0.5605541467666626,
0.23647728562355042,
0.5543072819709778,
0.7791725397109985,
-0.36651811003685,
-0.1888311505317688,
0.5190961956977844,
0.5535274147987366,
0.08683621138334274,
-0.15375295281410217,
-0.2023288458585739,
0.3319031298160553,
-0.46848064661026,
-0.5163118839263916,
0.6875852942466736,
-0.3746624290943146,
-0.2459980696439743,
0.6527684926986694,
-0.1626574993133545,
0.2630113959312439,
-0.6308925747871399,
-0.7072248458862305,
-0.13311031460762024,
0.14918138086795807,
-0.5649297833442688,
-0.838546872138977,
0.24691219627857208,
0.031191490590572357,
0.24833397567272186,
-0.05325782671570778,
-0.2393074929714203,
1.2421318292617798,
-0.800118625164032,
0.4869127869606018,
0.22484570741653442,
-0.1619080752134323,
-0.49395209550857544,
0.9235771298408508,
-0.47895294427871704,
-0.2516113817691803,
-0.22388386726379395,
-0.24684950709342957,
0.44784316420555115,
-0.24216456711292267,
0.33817926049232483,
0.6077603101730347,
0.1300327628850937,
0.10303302854299545,
0.6787608861923218,
-0.3112737238407135,
-1.0664279460906982,
0.8019561171531677,
-0.539667546749115,
-0.623312771320343,
-0.7489458322525024,
-0.025437001138925552,
-0.315396249294281,
0.29235410690307617,
0.3956359922885895,
-0.6219297647476196,
0.01075983326882124,
-0.1668892651796341,
0.5449537038803101,
-0.7378191947937012,
-0.2886746823787689,
0.39331457018852234,
-0.0070329406298696995,
0.2247067391872406,
0.2796826660633087,
-0.49676597118377686,
-0.3357667624950409,
-0.34932082891464233,
0.442295104265213,
-0.3520837128162384,
-0.5433188676834106,
-0.1434393674135208,
0.5537950396537781,
0.10396571457386017,
-0.32448452711105347,
-0.3642413914203644,
0.37675783038139343,
0.429572194814682,
0.1914604902267456,
-1.2427394390106201,
0.25938209891319275,
0.3059574067592621,
-0.23221813142299652,
-0.33718815445899963,
0.11289576441049576,
0.4040527045726776,
-0.13517005741596222,
0.249866783618927,
0.2331034243106842,
-0.36384421586990356,
1.0265377759933472,
0.5661380887031555,
-1.1234139204025269,
0.5218126773834229,
-0.5756049752235413,
-0.6866673231124878,
0.5647748708724976,
0.6870412230491638,
-0.29317507147789,
0.6674243211746216,
-0.32574552297592163,
0.5264320373535156,
-0.6752246618270874,
-0.0013127780985087156,
-0.5034756660461426,
-0.1376994401216507,
0.1601310521364212,
-1.1017159223556519,
-0.9621179699897766,
-0.10321293026208878,
0.4534957706928253,
0.05964120477437973,
0.48200324177742004,
-0.5400024652481079,
0.21059681475162506,
-0.10714519768953323,
0.238119438290596,
-0.07911296933889389,
0.24135854840278625,
0.626652717590332,
-0.2630724310874939,
0.03337298706173897,
0.9795650243759155,
-0.4980210065841675,
0.4522615969181061,
1.3738068342208862,
0.5251886248588562,
-0.4068981111049652,
-0.5704587697982788,
0.14270035922527313,
0.1183634102344513,
0.2072214037179947,
-0.9521819949150085,
0.7037276029586792,
0.8642051815986633,
-0.5866703391075134,
-0.3639282286167145,
-0.5701591372489929,
1.0381680727005005,
-0.5941458940505981,
-0.18103602528572083,
0.49238818883895874,
-0.39596226811408997,
0.793769359588623,
0.10173880308866501,
-0.3763918876647949,
0.07360461354255676,
0.32151511311531067,
0.2644008994102478,
-0.24052250385284424,
0.37757185101509094,
-0.37820863723754883,
-0.06602112948894501,
-0.7016978859901428,
0.28526487946510315,
-0.39751529693603516,
0.046077825129032135,
0.26120245456695557,
-0.578569769859314,
-0.08041457086801529,
-0.19849911332130432,
-0.7236774563789368,
-0.758325457572937,
-0.26887455582618713,
-0.5767577290534973,
-0.22941313683986664,
0.5341547727584839,
0.10358686000108719,
0.1935025453567505,
-0.7606078386306763,
-0.25180745124816895,
0.05108168348670006,
-0.789557158946991,
0.25196510553359985,
-0.4766596257686615,
0.1559104174375534,
0.09343289583921432,
-0.6060357093811035,
-0.039116326719522476,
0.14945760369300842,
0.18910053372383118,
0.5813405513763428,
-0.22709788382053375,
0.691200315952301,
-0.8305121660232544,
1.0898423194885254,
-0.2545816898345947,
-0.5965956449508667,
-0.09732316434383392,
-0.10131505131721497,
-0.4821682572364807,
-0.5855397582054138,
0.3266229033470154,
0.40815469622612,
0.47297966480255127,
0.25985077023506165,
-0.05898163467645645,
0.6902402639389038,
-0.9833018183708191,
0.8424347043037415,
0.040691129863262177,
-0.7188606858253479,
-0.466945081949234,
0.1541869193315506,
-0.28707191348075867,
-0.14894217252731323,
0.9948059320449829,
0.4225614368915558,
-0.3148949444293976,
0.7444846630096436,
-0.7379776835441589,
0.6206677556037903,
-0.008692094124853611,
0.4791787564754486,
-0.23462200164794922,
-0.8017562627792358,
-0.5901367664337158,
-0.48410677909851074,
-0.7872520685195923,
-0.3589952886104584,
-0.09519200026988983,
0.032038960605859756,
-0.4070558249950409,
0.21524567902088165,
-0.2642076909542084,
0.16260658204555511,
-0.031994640827178955,
-0.4290797710418701,
0.1173301562666893,
-0.08993667364120483,
-0.050089433789253235,
0.29045557975769043,
-0.18790359795093536,
-0.40160882472991943,
-0.36390113830566406,
-0.5019079446792603,
-0.3398308753967285,
-0.6973060965538025,
-0.5028316378593445,
0.5146784782409668,
-0.06101725995540619,
-0.5490425229072571,
-0.33265796303749084,
0.40042826533317566,
-0.22045888006687164,
-1.3665587902069092,
0.38870659470558167,
0.32059401273727417,
-0.3619671165943146,
-0.6930059790611267,
0.2673463821411133,
-1.484098196029663,
0.14746467769145966,
0.4538602828979492,
-0.043892305344343185,
0.535774827003479,
0.491855651140213,
0.6227995753288269,
0.16278620064258575,
0.3588367700576782,
-0.33510881662368774,
0.5016961693763733,
-0.054858703166246414,
0.10583470016717911,
-0.8776402473449707,
0.29987505078315735,
-0.36429882049560547,
-0.2976742684841156,
-0.3247293531894684,
-0.11827558279037476,
0.21977540850639343,
0.001687165698967874,
-0.3207099735736847,
-0.5294128656387329,
0.17444276809692383,
-0.795495867729187,
0.3047768473625183,
-0.047206949442625046,
-0.06421630829572678,
0.022343479096889496,
0.24093212187290192,
0.2966182231903076,
1.0813881158828735,
0.2576366066932678,
0.2955349087715149,
0.037687189877033234,
0.5219018459320068,
-0.002454062458127737,
0.47098004817962646,
0.006772566121071577,
-0.3131815195083618,
0.05752493441104889,
-0.6077213883399963,
0.4426220655441284,
-0.5300556421279907,
-0.076819509267807,
-0.5201417207717896,
0.7257852554321289,
0.27367421984672546,
0.18608547747135162,
0.27587810158729553,
0.2699892818927765,
-0.2420530468225479,
-0.5244202017784119,
0.11931820213794708,
-0.6527326107025146,
0.5740222334861755,
0.47160202264785767,
0.0704856589436531,
-0.4641578495502472,
-0.3607234060764313,
-0.2708255350589752,
-0.4948842227458954,
0.13108831644058228,
-0.027235981076955795,
-0.48493558168411255,
-0.07275846600532532,
0.149539515376091,
-0.16489173471927643,
-1.226567268371582,
-0.09162279963493347,
1.3239285945892334,
0.5571161508560181,
-0.1751316785812378,
-0.058459024876356125,
-0.28648340702056885,
0.1274235099554062,
-0.1693544089794159,
0.6935960650444031,
1.1607401371002197,
-1.2798250913619995,
-0.7579542398452759,
-1.093321442604065,
0.39687085151672363,
-0.019184624776244164,
-0.36551007628440857,
0.6360800266265869,
-0.07706660777330399,
0.07858561724424362,
0.22251978516578674,
0.16816392540931702,
-0.4166238605976105,
0.48310020565986633,
-0.028752615675330162
]
|
123459 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmo%2C%20Montana | Elmo, Montana | Elmo (Salish: sqʷʔeʔ, Kutenai: k̓upawi¢q̓nuk) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 180 at the 2010 census, up from 143 in 2000.
The townsite was platted in 1917. Elmo had a dock and warehouse that served boat traffic on Flathead Lake.
Geography
Elmo is located in northwestern Lake County at (47.828057, -114.347678). It sits at the west end of the Big Arm on Flathead Lake. U.S. Route 93 passes through the community, leading north to Kalispell and southeast to Polson, the Lake county seat. Montana Highway 28 has its eastern terminus at US 93 in Elmo and leads southwest to Montana Highway 200 at Plains.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Elmo CDP has a total area of , all land.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Elmo has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 143 people, 52 households, and 31 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 439.9 people per square mile (167.3/km2). There were 62 housing units at an average density of 190.7 per square mile (72.5/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 31.47% White, 67.83% Native American, and 0.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.10% of the population.
There were 52 households, out of which 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.5% were married couples living together, 19.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.5% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.56.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 30.8% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 76.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.3 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $8,036, and the median income for a family was $8,250. Males had a median income of $0 versus $3,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $2,778. There were 100.0% of families and 96.1% of the population living below the poverty line, including 100.0% of under 18 and 45.5% of those over 64.
See also
List of census-designated places in Montana
References
External links
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.2405731976032257,
0.8543741106987,
0.17869225144386292,
0.11682992428541183,
0.46708905696868896,
0.15699870884418488,
0.8968350291252136,
0.5540364980697632,
0.04923553019762039,
0.08404922485351562,
-0.0679125264286995,
-0.5521266460418701,
-0.48637112975120544,
0.6184237599372864,
-0.14589892327785492,
-0.10118402540683746,
0.053377266973257065,
0.8516854643821716,
0.7829011082649231,
-0.19496141374111176,
0.2553676962852478,
-0.7027393579483032,
0.27993500232696533,
0.7322549819946289,
0.35236120223999023,
0.5488472580909729,
0.80381840467453,
-0.16649359464645386,
-0.34700989723205566,
0.24818049371242523,
-0.10337697714567184,
0.45066890120506287,
0.005992396734654903,
-0.32075032591819763,
0.4277307987213135,
-0.15936070680618286,
0.273802250623703,
-0.09203630685806274,
0.0661735087633133,
-0.552806556224823,
-0.19470028579235077,
-0.36524221301078796,
-0.1468135118484497,
-0.02886931039392948,
0.10240098834037781,
-0.8572208881378174,
-1.618708610534668,
0.6088480353355408,
-1.026309847831726,
-0.4723666310310364,
-0.8804431557655334,
-0.7237206697463989,
0.2553485929965973,
-0.03332023322582245,
0.7106574773788452,
0.18620143830776215,
-0.3865582346916199,
0.20113523304462433,
0.677182137966156,
0.5720810890197754,
-0.328836590051651,
0.14250431954860687,
0.2367381751537323,
-0.155671626329422,
-0.049109190702438354,
0.03464438393712044,
0.24205921590328217,
0.389362633228302,
-0.23509863018989563,
-0.6193735003471375,
0.033067505806684494,
0.2720739245414734,
-0.5460748672485352,
0.3610984981060028,
0.5506896376609802,
0.3710766136646271,
-0.6655541062355042,
0.2633311152458191,
-0.047119688242673874,
0.5167617201805115,
-0.32839909195899963,
0.28906452655792236,
0.36013129353523254,
-0.09646143019199371,
-0.21332575380802155,
0.10323069989681244,
-0.5241945385932922,
0.3033853769302368,
0.004179190378636122,
0.7169263958930969,
-1.0562278032302856,
-0.5681077837944031,
-0.2665444314479828,
-0.46293339133262634,
0.052803944796323776,
-0.17315103113651276,
-0.051066804677248,
0.6757962703704834,
-0.27498382329940796,
0.40980881452560425,
-0.10269372165203094,
-0.14275801181793213,
1.033583641052246,
-0.13624495267868042,
-0.603775143623352,
-0.6868825554847717,
-0.8881933689117432,
-0.3554653525352478,
0.11784042418003082,
-0.28816908597946167,
-0.6744820475578308,
0.20218107104301453,
0.16119268536567688,
-0.8131639957427979,
-0.34387311339378357,
0.6855835318565369,
0.39487260580062866,
-0.5496625304222107,
-0.5174761414527893,
-0.22296787798404694,
0.27638790011405945,
0.38741335272789,
-0.006984624080359936,
-0.05193089321255684,
-0.3040153384208679,
0.3340221047401428,
0.6624292135238647,
-0.01567799597978592,
-0.36347028613090515,
0.5669503211975098,
-0.7765457630157471,
0.5913237929344177,
0.3872056305408478,
-0.012707359157502651,
-0.013316826894879341,
-0.7652113437652588,
-0.2587969899177551,
-0.3293742835521698,
0.5046237707138062,
-0.2630864977836609,
-0.5804457664489746,
-0.021153224632143974,
0.030698761343955994,
0.13977324962615967,
0.4949531555175781,
0.07483487576246262,
-0.23574218153953552,
-0.614437997341156,
0.015023772604763508,
-0.6713905334472656,
0.202667698264122,
0.1887771189212799,
0.5022576451301575,
0.5691062211990356,
0.08908605575561523,
0.461753785610199,
0.5498672723770142,
0.44081994891166687,
0.2925631105899811,
0.48462966084480286,
0.07791667431592941,
1.0382832288742065,
0.7951326966285706,
0.017909148707985878,
0.6641605496406555,
-0.10066992789506912,
0.4876900315284729,
-0.43161246180534363,
0.35756388306617737,
0.2232017070055008,
-0.020753707736730576,
0.15474075078964233,
0.8581642508506775,
-0.26006627082824707,
-0.0421159528195858,
-0.5048709511756897,
0.5385410785675049,
0.08420705050230026,
-0.09490948915481567,
-0.04283639043569565,
-0.6130057573318481,
0.7086867690086365,
0.2266272008419037,
-0.07434890419244766,
-0.3223555386066437,
0.22947940230369568,
0.40388667583465576,
0.10733682662248611,
-0.08327897638082504,
-0.8346831798553467,
-0.10287962853908539,
-0.7475866675376892,
0.8953863382339478,
-0.13106316328048706,
0.6639592051506042,
0.12612372636795044,
-0.06272401660680771,
0.4467802047729492,
-0.47546374797821045,
0.05316195636987686,
-0.331104576587677,
-0.17518791556358337,
1.3814985752105713,
-0.7346508502960205,
0.09045358747243881,
0.18025478720664978,
0.259856253862381,
-0.14365896582603455,
-0.15116482973098755,
0.7973939180374146,
0.22490070760250092,
-0.738857626914978,
0.18889237940311432,
0.9439839124679565,
-0.3313680589199066,
-0.29545697569847107,
-0.1399972140789032,
-0.40959227085113525,
-0.015018297359347343,
0.04627116397023201,
0.004576223902404308,
0.14222021400928497,
-0.010965967550873756,
-0.3246214985847473,
-0.22292634844779968,
0.3567541241645813,
1.0044740438461304,
0.09562280774116516,
-0.01912950538098812,
0.5931065082550049,
0.34894853830337524,
0.3730040490627289,
1.0600063800811768,
-0.12347552925348282,
0.20295080542564392,
-0.2211700975894928,
0.15205080807209015,
-0.3017234802246094,
0.6644620895385742,
-0.5529627799987793,
-0.05516764894127846,
0.25331541895866394,
-0.2410704642534256,
-0.014946316368877888,
0.5445359945297241,
0.41558483242988586,
0.27320167422294617,
-0.06484661251306534,
-0.11783798038959503,
0.057097822427749634,
0.16280817985534668,
-0.0328870490193367,
0.42247575521469116,
-0.07867066562175751,
0.32298028469085693,
0.019104614853858948,
0.08338802307844162,
0.1098567321896553,
0.5206723213195801,
0.2594728171825409,
0.1051730215549469,
0.4416562020778656,
-0.28094056248664856,
-0.0037765158340334892,
0.323812872171402,
-0.7394677996635437,
-0.25613459944725037,
-0.4778013825416565,
-0.0054003214463591576,
1.0677237510681152,
0.703391969203949,
-0.08704733848571777,
-0.14509913325309753,
0.4504787027835846,
0.542614758014679,
-0.07354039698839188,
0.1219789907336235,
-0.13528218865394592,
-0.9938099384307861,
-0.29893094301223755,
0.5741224884986877,
0.5846498012542725,
-0.07432504743337631,
-0.5744159817695618,
0.31202393770217896,
-0.37999632954597473,
0.6689778566360474,
-0.09022624045610428,
-0.3767969310283661,
-0.09554608166217804,
-0.11855203658342361,
0.0834689512848854,
-0.30608782172203064,
0.16376787424087524,
-0.5352945327758789,
0.25738057494163513,
0.24136555194854736,
-0.04852075129747391,
0.6638211607933044,
-0.5247933268547058,
0.04197908565402031,
0.256611704826355,
-0.42138394713401794,
0.1929805427789688,
-0.32241395115852356,
0.0251895971596241,
0.4971907436847687,
-0.6575137376785278,
-5.038045883178711,
0.6811942458152771,
-0.4531506299972534,
-0.448207288980484,
-0.19480881094932556,
-0.6149225831031799,
-0.32342928647994995,
-0.1638178825378418,
-0.40144550800323486,
0.4721609950065613,
-0.2905944287776947,
-0.1466652750968933,
0.3174397051334381,
0.33501753211021423,
0.9796116352081299,
0.061429623514413834,
0.7132891416549683,
-0.2746831178665161,
0.6562037467956543,
0.6123987436294556,
-0.04546351358294487,
0.2882029116153717,
0.17539887130260468,
-0.07102557271718979,
0.8692997694015503,
0.674223005771637,
-0.11032629013061523,
-0.28978461027145386,
-0.5318070650100708,
-0.5283355712890625,
0.36681067943573,
-0.09061405062675476,
-0.61749267578125,
-0.37334686517715454,
-0.1963328719139099,
-0.08980672806501389,
0.32475143671035767,
-0.14223484694957733,
0.7279846668243408,
0.0018274999456480145,
0.7240021824836731,
-0.13555677235126495,
-0.15797321498394012,
-0.08573656529188156,
0.4983386695384979,
0.15503977239131927,
-0.07595527917146683,
0.16500233113765717,
-0.27443259954452515,
0.579145073890686,
0.4128304421901703,
0.426163911819458,
0.7857468724250793,
0.03164469823241234,
0.5827810764312744,
-0.24077025055885315,
0.05429569631814957,
0.382743775844574,
-0.6394340991973877,
0.7229301929473877,
0.23583298921585083,
-0.5772149562835693,
-0.16860875487327576,
0.050022903829813004,
-0.21697454154491425,
-0.6954227089881897,
0.1068682000041008,
0.328977108001709,
0.4574790894985199,
-0.02107713557779789,
0.31799590587615967,
0.20551270246505737,
-0.22123348712921143,
-0.7599475383758545,
0.5099992752075195,
-0.8011442422866821,
-0.05156277120113373,
0.10127286612987518,
-1.124071717262268,
-0.2924993336200714,
-0.48648110032081604,
-0.08291399478912354,
0.028669357299804688,
0.4163280427455902,
0.7058424949645996,
-0.2873013913631439,
-0.3442832827568054,
0.14766569435596466,
-0.08714406192302704,
-0.8106591701507568,
0.47426819801330566,
-0.17887559533119202,
0.6175764203071594,
-0.08431607484817505,
-0.09583154320716858,
-0.40764370560646057,
0.637411892414093,
-0.4088291823863983,
0.24833163619041443,
-0.0949626937508583,
0.39944103360176086,
0.00786037277430296,
-0.05139194056391716,
-0.3918324112892151,
-0.5243768095970154,
-0.6494774222373962,
-0.4824729859828949,
0.054455019533634186,
0.8407888412475586,
-0.6846576929092407,
-0.41105979681015015,
0.028879439458251,
-0.3055553436279297,
-0.132096067070961,
-0.21409329771995544,
0.2285497784614563,
-0.1778980940580368,
-0.01189119927585125,
0.30604901909828186,
0.2726224362850189,
-0.009580251760780811,
-0.3652956783771515,
-0.5109060406684875,
0.008967742323875427,
-0.28529617190361023,
-0.1814574897289276,
0.3882048428058624,
-0.12469954043626785,
-0.48916852474212646,
0.0561341755092144,
-0.339586466550827,
-0.18284188210964203,
-0.5697033405303955,
-0.24537895619869232,
-0.39970365166664124,
0.11814622581005096,
-0.8796896934509277,
-0.5044783353805542,
0.3741587698459625,
0.31765276193618774,
0.5783481001853943,
0.13528519868850708,
-0.13804307579994202,
0.7847119569778442,
-0.1576196849346161,
0.11680768430233002,
0.21644669771194458,
-0.30684635043144226,
-0.9747518301010132,
0.1403818428516388,
-0.6491900086402893,
-0.31042200326919556,
0.10386689007282257,
-0.496566504240036,
0.007380806375294924,
0.1852128952741623,
-0.10931175947189331,
0.4786752462387085,
0.06520277261734009,
-0.5354024767875671,
0.24440991878509521,
-0.3088032305240631,
-0.27071887254714966,
0.7677011489868164,
-0.22671115398406982,
0.12312622368335724,
-0.4616985619068146,
0.26444441080093384,
-0.7401958703994751,
0.04379131644964218,
0.5857027769088745,
-0.5077216029167175,
-0.6354740858078003,
-0.018318001180887222,
0.43706244230270386,
-0.26560261845588684,
-0.22538906335830688,
0.2356116622686386,
0.22436976432800293,
-0.004866686649620533,
-0.41161975264549255,
-0.5109010338783264,
-0.599446177482605,
-0.3004211485385895,
0.41733846068382263,
-0.7822664976119995,
-0.13482947647571564,
-0.2994554936885834,
0.050898365676403046,
-0.1287810206413269,
0.28312644362449646,
-0.7784419059753418,
0.25370490550994873,
-0.04264087975025177,
-0.037825338542461395,
-0.7916198968887329,
0.2053993195295334,
-0.38598722219467163,
0.019970033317804337,
-0.2002003937959671,
0.3777082860469818,
0.29741910099983215,
-0.05555690824985504,
0.4876537024974823,
-0.018488885834813118,
-0.7571618556976318,
0.08649866282939911,
0.4221005141735077,
-0.8207758069038391,
0.7574692964553833,
-0.075840525329113,
-0.862587571144104,
0.5021772384643555,
0.7783212661743164,
-0.08091548085212708,
0.19215241074562073,
0.564654529094696,
0.24274291098117828,
-0.7057691812515259,
-0.12820424139499664,
-0.5438209176063538,
0.053183987736701965,
-0.10550261288881302,
-1.0192856788635254,
-0.5202339887619019,
0.48586323857307434,
0.10248516499996185,
-0.16846030950546265,
0.7140066623687744,
-0.8799499869346619,
-0.06038476526737213,
0.033593807369470596,
0.054766301065683365,
0.20218122005462646,
0.5658643841743469,
0.39627689123153687,
-0.6554660797119141,
-0.29308024048805237,
0.10119453817605972,
0.15070153772830963,
0.26909083127975464,
1.2184860706329346,
0.6665438413619995,
-0.6485387682914734,
-0.617501437664032,
0.6639500856399536,
0.5937399864196777,
-0.39573702216148376,
-1.036440372467041,
0.8567618727684021,
0.4215812385082245,
-0.5327193737030029,
-0.23464050889015198,
0.01028730720281601,
1.4443622827529907,
-0.04462144523859024,
-0.0785834863781929,
0.7537240982055664,
-0.19895057380199432,
0.370185911655426,
0.0923684686422348,
-0.03725546598434448,
0.2639026641845703,
0.7850452065467834,
0.3610115647315979,
-0.12061502039432526,
-0.1375996172428131,
-0.3788229823112488,
0.2957068979740143,
-0.8869988918304443,
-0.42818549275398254,
-0.7546886801719666,
0.3545079529285431,
-0.1353251039981842,
-0.6546105742454529,
-0.08501357585191727,
-0.3656393885612488,
-0.7414796948432922,
-0.718885600566864,
-0.46399393677711487,
-0.5309523344039917,
-0.4352884590625763,
0.15301787853240967,
-0.1372818797826767,
0.34707510471343994,
-0.4981369078159332,
-0.3689682185649872,
0.4793299734592438,
-0.545215368270874,
0.430050790309906,
-0.8955636024475098,
0.19795504212379456,
-0.13994570076465607,
-0.46064868569374084,
-0.167207270860672,
0.4598221778869629,
0.1827511191368103,
0.7383782267570496,
-0.5513598918914795,
0.055775366723537445,
-0.7084711790084839,
1.2120651006698608,
-0.09822792559862137,
-0.7703859806060791,
0.025570163503289223,
-0.09426149725914001,
-0.6527488827705383,
-0.5492389798164368,
0.17225149273872375,
0.14877396821975708,
0.5200731754302979,
0.29403558373451233,
0.15017686784267426,
0.7270516157150269,
-0.5852059721946716,
0.3585074543952942,
-0.044334955513477325,
-0.031374603509902954,
-0.3191368281841278,
0.248374342918396,
-0.2969340980052948,
0.11689680069684982,
0.5707085132598877,
0.2890748083591461,
-0.2938593924045563,
0.6148305535316467,
0.0766921117901802,
0.28225719928741455,
-0.11323018372058868,
0.45951002836227417,
-0.05355410277843475,
-0.9109503626823425,
-1.0197770595550537,
0.16987992823123932,
-0.875635027885437,
-0.4733843207359314,
-0.20118825137615204,
-0.43145307898521423,
-0.5478779077529907,
-0.010229598730802536,
0.14614547789096832,
0.3853430151939392,
-0.42413973808288574,
0.025585055351257324,
0.1501813530921936,
-0.6701342463493347,
0.1355362832546234,
0.016652008518576622,
0.3586995303630829,
-0.0027674692682921886,
0.03046988695859909,
-0.6719685792922974,
-0.16389267146587372,
-0.9830082058906555,
-0.734040379524231,
-0.015316080302000046,
0.33646559715270996,
-0.5047241449356079,
-0.18750126659870148,
0.6660512089729309,
-0.3034440577030182,
-0.8700621128082275,
0.45901888608932495,
0.1409091204404831,
-0.15250462293624878,
-0.7003970742225647,
0.058843307197093964,
-0.7360267043113708,
-0.23331043124198914,
0.6627600193023682,
0.5216085314750671,
0.5647557377815247,
0.2560649812221527,
0.3430248498916626,
-0.14563815295696259,
0.6365135908126831,
-0.3096655607223511,
0.14094436168670654,
0.008970735594630241,
0.21666111052036285,
-0.37598907947540283,
0.22052352130413055,
-0.0014527294551953673,
0.18623222410678864,
-0.12107596546411514,
-1.0739246606826782,
0.35521429777145386,
0.23926539719104767,
-0.18855568766593933,
-0.6095717549324036,
0.47212114930152893,
-0.2856290340423584,
-0.36575859785079956,
-0.08744757622480392,
0.07785618305206299,
0.22522397339344025,
0.09991803020238876,
0.36058467626571655,
0.6261213421821594,
0.49251070618629456,
-0.25926288962364197,
0.3234396278858185,
0.2828470766544342,
-0.05683804303407669,
0.07626913487911224,
0.9118479490280151,
-0.06187101826071739,
0.12363624572753906,
-1.0380616188049316,
0.7260839939117432,
-0.06535310298204422,
0.4222922921180725,
-0.21935579180717468,
0.9093111157417297,
-0.44486063718795776,
-0.3181264400482178,
0.29288071393966675,
-0.24952179193496704,
-0.3748623728752136,
0.17245732247829437,
-0.0823444053530693,
-1.0923720598220825,
0.4211310148239136,
0.29906904697418213,
-0.38836193084716797,
-0.7406405806541443,
-0.34631428122520447,
-0.05131497606635094,
-0.9741528630256653,
0.34787940979003906,
-0.01629497855901718,
-0.7840622663497925,
0.17342263460159302,
0.1430225521326065,
-0.3040326237678528,
-0.3751068711280823,
-0.5825731158256531,
0.97907555103302,
0.3514580726623535,
-0.30979982018470764,
0.16280721127986908,
-0.313497394323349,
-0.46443232893943787,
0.27670514583587646,
0.6049759387969971,
1.1118956804275513,
-0.8340734243392944,
-1.1189274787902832,
-0.6078227758407593,
0.3753435015678406,
0.19278360903263092,
-0.12412908673286438,
0.033246200531721115,
-0.31830063462257385,
0.37400850653648376,
0.17212998867034912,
0.5711771249771118,
-0.1695086807012558,
0.9637132287025452,
-0.14535094797611237
]
|
123460 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Indian%20reservations%20in%20the%20United%20States | List of Indian reservations in the United States | This is a list of Indian reservations and other tribal homelands in the United States. In Canada, the Indian reserve is a similar institution.
Federally recognized reservations
There are 326 Indian Reservations in the United States. Most of the tribal land base in the United States was set aside by the federal government as Native American Reservations. In California, about half of its reservations are called rancherías. In New Mexico, most reservations are called Pueblos. In some western states, notably Nevada, there are Native American areas called Indian colonies. Populations are total census counts and include non-Native American people as well, sometimes making up a majority of the residents. The total population of all of them are 1,043,762.
Alaska Native village statistical areas
Alaska Native Village Statistical Areas are geographical areas the United States Census Bureau uses to track demographic data. These statistical areas represent permanent or seasonal residences of Alaska natives. Specifically, they contain a significant proportion of persons who are either member of, or receiving services from a defining Alaska Native Village for at least one season of the year. Alaska Natives previously had many small reserves scattered around Alaska; however, all but one (the Annette Island Reserve of Tsimshian) were repealed with the passage of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act in 1971.
Hawaiian home lands
Oklahoma tribal statistical areas
(*) declared reservations under McGirt v. Oklahoma
State-recognized reservations
A state designated American Indian reservation is the land area designated by a state for state-recognized American Indian tribes who lack federal recognition.
State designated tribal statistical areas
State Designated Tribal Statistical Areas are geographical areas the United States Census Bureau uses to track demographic data. These areas have a substantial concentration of members of tribes that are State recognized but not Federally recognized and do not have a reservation or off-reservation trust land.
Tribal designated statistical areas
A tribal designated statistical area is a statistical entity identified and delineated for the Census Bureau by a federally recognized American Indian tribe that does not currently have a federally established Indian reservation.
See also
United States
List of federally recognized tribes
List of federally recognized tribes by state
State recognized tribes in the United States
List of unrecognized tribes in the United States
Native Americans in the United States
List of Alaska Native tribal entities
List of largest Indian reservations in the United States
List of historical Indian reservations in the United States
National Park Service Native American Heritage Sites
Outline of United States federal Indian law and policy
Off-reservation trust land
Native Americans and reservation inequality
Canada
List of First Nations governments
List of First Nations peoples
List of Indian reserves in Canada
References
Sources
Native American-related lists | [
0.31097763776779175,
0.4688553512096405,
-0.8196188807487488,
-0.1080138310790062,
0.33672162890434265,
0.060983605682849884,
1.064536690711975,
0.39426788687705994,
-0.6835432052612305,
-0.3338589668273926,
-0.32866013050079346,
0.0417042002081871,
-0.5533656477928162,
0.7556625604629517,
-0.5798333287239075,
0.42616942524909973,
0.09345708042383194,
0.8148506283760071,
-0.02205563336610794,
-0.286935031414032,
-0.11105791479349136,
0.06066998094320297,
0.1626879870891571,
0.1293710172176361,
0.22324180603027344,
0.4680293798446655,
0.4789040684700012,
-0.7599915266036987,
-0.43117353320121765,
0.3136747479438782,
-0.27931472659111023,
0.6744023561477661,
0.3964540660381317,
0.16355101764202118,
0.1870746612548828,
-0.6214495301246643,
0.21695278584957123,
-0.26126015186309814,
0.37357297539711,
-0.13058707118034363,
0.08178546279668808,
-0.1554969698190689,
0.1642795354127884,
0.4908691346645355,
0.15337324142456055,
0.17249514162540436,
-1.2491517066955566,
-0.020514240488409996,
-0.6208460927009583,
-0.0071755945682525635,
-0.6235434412956238,
-0.2426266074180603,
0.4955263137817383,
0.8319200277328491,
0.2522513270378113,
0.11692862212657928,
-0.7923791408538818,
-0.09649048745632172,
-0.00544125959277153,
0.34401679039001465,
0.3083554208278656,
0.45208224654197693,
0.21801623702049255,
0.1700679212808609,
0.26071473956108093,
-0.10397446155548096,
0.2552556097507477,
0.8804782629013062,
0.24602027237415314,
-0.20312176644802094,
0.11027533560991287,
-0.1826351284980774,
0.3637857735157013,
0.5606050491333008,
0.12349563091993332,
0.5542615056037903,
-0.2206781804561615,
0.10137884318828583,
-0.37765854597091675,
-0.2228882759809494,
-0.3307324945926666,
0.3936002850532532,
0.4078877866268158,
-0.4351623058319092,
0.027166076004505157,
-0.22979630529880524,
-0.632637619972229,
-0.4959351122379303,
-0.0441041998565197,
0.9667471051216125,
0.061437949538230896,
0.37322336435317993,
0.2212040275335312,
-0.0652727261185646,
0.07078403234481812,
-0.8228017687797546,
0.06518258154392242,
-0.2466919869184494,
0.09207454323768616,
0.6153688430786133,
-0.08339287340641022,
0.03214111179113388,
1.0803043842315674,
-0.1190824806690216,
-0.4200633466243744,
-0.279038667678833,
0.25525349378585815,
0.16001813113689423,
-0.06377668678760529,
-1.04474937915802,
-0.15410922467708588,
0.5118369460105896,
0.32412073016166687,
-0.2573702037334442,
-0.6431906223297119,
0.3072197735309601,
0.2860456109046936,
-0.0025432617403566837,
0.10275974124670029,
-0.5087140202522278,
0.052700940519571304,
0.8146965503692627,
0.03223707899451256,
-0.39527177810668945,
-0.10340461879968643,
0.8430768847465515,
1.0200201272964478,
0.0661720409989357,
-0.07652352750301361,
0.37061095237731934,
0.11261411011219025,
0.6200634837150574,
-0.18441446125507355,
-0.21848073601722717,
-0.16404378414154053,
-0.2855813801288605,
0.23088562488555908,
-0.19207876920700073,
0.9017397165298462,
-0.0036697678733617067,
-0.85459965467453,
-0.22989320755004883,
-1.1323280334472656,
-0.045530226081609726,
0.3628232479095459,
-0.6622005105018616,
-0.4732474982738495,
-0.2173352837562561,
-0.596319854259491,
0.030519556254148483,
-0.13407638669013977,
-0.40210670232772827,
0.43676629662513733,
0.6258191466331482,
-0.4425644874572754,
-0.015711601823568344,
0.45068758726119995,
-0.49246594309806824,
0.5712532997131348,
0.046295516192913055,
0.37988531589508057,
0.4898295998573303,
0.5132980346679688,
-0.015082694590091705,
-0.054479751735925674,
0.3560366630554199,
0.0930870920419693,
0.08172234147787094,
-0.043579377233982086,
0.4375859498977661,
-0.35202956199645996,
-0.1359468698501587,
0.22572104632854462,
-0.1822536438703537,
0.3060535192489624,
-0.0682600885629654,
0.03452136367559433,
0.35160332918167114,
0.2983221113681793,
0.34995776414871216,
-0.6421632170677185,
-0.137130469083786,
0.1931614726781845,
-0.03003542125225067,
-0.7207992672920227,
-0.194181427359581,
0.5248013138771057,
-0.2697560489177704,
0.12373146414756775,
-0.22769126296043396,
-0.03421197086572647,
-0.339548259973526,
0.48004150390625,
-0.5949122309684753,
1.1931209564208984,
0.16770124435424805,
-0.3574396073818207,
0.42119187116622925,
0.18645893037319183,
-0.15609057247638702,
-0.29302674531936646,
-0.41274493932724,
0.3793322443962097,
0.2660044729709625,
-0.922630250453949,
1.2990862131118774,
-0.24944336712360382,
0.2956855297088623,
0.5517824292182922,
-0.07276596128940582,
0.7614562511444092,
-0.5283494591712952,
0.30151575803756714,
0.33691757917404175,
0.10808470845222473,
0.1058504655957222,
-0.08983488380908966,
-0.12454286962747574,
0.5283965468406677,
-0.813694417476654,
0.8066730499267578,
0.3546401262283325,
0.6005856990814209,
0.12991850078105927,
-0.3870764672756195,
0.47996968030929565,
-0.24046418070793152,
0.20073114335536957,
0.5147141814231873,
-0.2628850042819977,
0.47975319623947144,
-0.1629422903060913,
-0.191526859998703,
-0.7410694360733032,
0.25361233949661255,
-0.6166781783103943,
0.17104393243789673,
-0.2473999261856079,
0.14492715895175934,
-0.06505778431892395,
-0.28954392671585083,
0.12730270624160767,
-0.7270517945289612,
-0.452257364988327,
-0.18540792167186737,
0.011525671929121017,
0.1057557463645935,
-0.3494742512702942,
0.42183899879455566,
-0.09409132599830627,
0.8460443019866943,
-0.033470142632722855,
0.4862343370914459,
-0.32056477665901184,
0.11963443458080292,
0.19070349633693695,
-0.018027260899543762,
-0.21002697944641113,
-0.01719421148300171,
-0.45333534479141235,
-0.22396107017993927,
0.3681930899620056,
-0.08888211846351624,
0.22624914348125458,
-0.2477799504995346,
-0.6452496647834778,
-0.5919527411460876,
-0.21554319560527802,
0.13069464266300201,
0.3862125277519226,
0.8649570941925049,
0.3726567327976227,
-0.10959804803133011,
-1.5317577123641968,
0.387136310338974,
0.47274771332740784,
0.23292534053325653,
0.45490381121635437,
-0.5927151441574097,
-0.1558445543050766,
0.051935646682977676,
0.3584972321987152,
-0.29927852749824524,
-0.45302098989486694,
-0.4522249400615692,
-0.49054262042045593,
1.1277343034744263,
-0.347331702709198,
-0.2956366240978241,
0.8629087209701538,
-0.05481583625078201,
0.2824002802371979,
-0.16854628920555115,
-0.1324360966682434,
0.33193737268447876,
0.39027780294418335,
0.004513953346759081,
0.3745291531085968,
-0.0931013748049736,
-0.5464858412742615,
-0.748640775680542,
0.059073690325021744,
-0.39151009917259216,
-0.18403750658035278,
-0.01322243083268404,
0.12350388616323471,
-0.047011297196149826,
-0.6315452456474304,
-5.260868549346924,
0.42307502031326294,
-0.5428609848022461,
-0.6225413084030151,
-0.2271340936422348,
-0.031086279079318047,
0.31854942440986633,
-0.15884536504745483,
-0.09516782313585281,
0.24405670166015625,
-0.0325465202331543,
-0.23475761711597443,
-0.07036884129047394,
0.6389562487602234,
0.6102133989334106,
0.4144061803817749,
0.8173941373825073,
0.11989568173885345,
0.15705472230911255,
0.002779722446575761,
0.051327742636203766,
0.47047531604766846,
0.48233455419540405,
0.24717120826244354,
-0.023518288508057594,
1.0669203996658325,
-0.29081177711486816,
-0.03095260262489319,
-0.4470338523387909,
-0.5987127423286438,
0.007570687215775251,
0.051881976425647736,
-0.13826557993888855,
-0.6433655619621277,
-0.5723627805709839,
-0.37869352102279663,
0.0870787501335144,
0.30271175503730774,
-0.04843853786587715,
-0.5402600169181824,
-0.152996227145195,
0.4123987555503845,
-0.3150121867656708,
0.5602710247039795,
0.49168986082077026,
-0.2240607887506485,
-0.4955357611179352,
-0.18800027668476105,
0.12088263034820557,
1.0899466276168823,
-0.26241371035575867,
0.5446056723594666,
1.1010591983795166,
0.4578244984149933,
-0.06175704672932625,
-0.6328189373016357,
0.2560957670211792,
0.34812870621681213,
-0.3095778226852417,
0.6826984286308289,
0.459629088640213,
-0.5925769209861755,
0.14431744813919067,
-0.19769538938999176,
0.12609270215034485,
-0.7434186935424805,
-0.8646248579025269,
-0.43810340762138367,
0.1113802045583725,
-0.2440604567527771,
-0.2895967960357666,
0.14555568993091583,
-0.2791648507118225,
-0.8864768743515015,
0.03470500186085701,
-0.6270819306373596,
-0.31262582540512085,
-0.08439517766237259,
-0.13435150682926178,
0.3019644618034363,
-0.3080986440181732,
0.6649824976921082,
-0.2057386040687561,
0.40134868025779724,
-0.09554635733366013,
0.03849024325609207,
-0.46267417073249817,
0.16270983219146729,
-0.7829551100730896,
-0.5164875388145447,
0.43641334772109985,
0.22862359881401062,
0.37790632247924805,
-0.042096707969903946,
0.4206504821777344,
0.24294263124465942,
0.8424211740493774,
-0.27987709641456604,
0.4243622124195099,
-0.25068795680999756,
0.5807799696922302,
-0.13299699127674103,
0.1597926765680313,
-0.508698046207428,
-0.28380101919174194,
-0.23666906356811523,
-0.09957560151815414,
0.7179709076881409,
0.7783254981040955,
-0.34088224172592163,
-0.6538586616516113,
-0.8723200559616089,
-0.11166319996118546,
-0.6800092458724976,
0.025944149121642113,
0.10487649589776993,
-0.09194009006023407,
0.6289823055267334,
0.5160121321678162,
0.5628467798233032,
0.476925253868103,
-0.20129476487636566,
-0.04983006417751312,
-0.17979979515075684,
0.5107906460762024,
-0.5109868049621582,
0.08153782784938812,
-0.4317432641983032,
0.0016565892146900296,
0.15147890150547028,
0.2860513925552368,
0.327894389629364,
0.012280645780265331,
0.35700103640556335,
-0.06691691279411316,
-0.07124421745538712,
0.14257456362247467,
0.1165556013584137,
0.2795935571193695,
-0.5020695328712463,
-0.05027397722005844,
-0.24439193308353424,
-0.5253229737281799,
0.849470317363739,
0.34729331731796265,
0.38245001435279846,
0.2465868443250656,
-0.6490886211395264,
-0.5067521929740906,
0.7465278506278992,
-0.07847481220960617,
-0.4609743356704712,
0.16010138392448425,
-0.5087493062019348,
-0.07196804881095886,
-0.26363620162010193,
0.48710212111473083,
0.27612000703811646,
-0.36692363023757935,
-0.34936845302581787,
0.03725527971982956,
-0.580342173576355,
-0.6054878830909729,
0.7246685028076172,
0.5072467923164368,
-0.8428382873535156,
-0.34136614203453064,
0.4286336302757263,
-0.5130025148391724,
0.7933708429336548,
0.4364625811576843,
-0.4276263117790222,
-0.11583072692155838,
0.25861474871635437,
0.2921766936779022,
-0.6793580651283264,
0.18345999717712402,
0.6068339943885803,
-0.2766759991645813,
-0.2980176508426666,
-0.3536849319934845,
-0.7539262771606445,
-0.5662432909011841,
0.3834497928619385,
-0.37643861770629883,
-0.5393781661987305,
-0.04890459403395653,
-0.14055956900119781,
-0.0050964378751814365,
-0.1302783340215683,
0.3377665877342224,
-0.10981298983097076,
0.06891428679227829,
0.10783131420612335,
-0.5232440233230591,
-0.43871134519577026,
0.11101305484771729,
-0.2010403275489807,
-0.0410950742661953,
-0.27766868472099304,
0.746333122253418,
0.03815552964806557,
-0.6182196736335754,
0.33501723408699036,
-0.10422492027282715,
-0.2915443181991577,
0.3043557107448578,
0.37636885046958923,
-0.7302929759025574,
0.10599876940250397,
-0.13234540820121765,
-0.17201824486255646,
-0.2847270369529724,
0.4793192446231842,
-0.02753525786101818,
-0.26205894351005554,
0.10769354552030563,
0.12392593175172806,
-0.4181841015815735,
-0.07944174110889435,
0.317228764295578,
-0.10789869725704193,
0.3828830122947693,
-0.6189850568771362,
-0.12879522144794464,
0.8687928915023804,
-0.32781293988227844,
-1.0891108512878418,
0.29762428998947144,
-0.5893231630325317,
-0.5199510455131531,
-0.33819377422332764,
-0.2158965915441513,
-0.35010144114494324,
-0.6575102210044861,
0.46395009756088257,
-0.4664802849292755,
-0.07551390677690506,
0.027416938915848732,
0.5343503952026367,
0.12848696112632751,
1.1634503602981567,
0.4550642669200897,
-0.9662851095199585,
-0.29964059591293335,
0.2785807251930237,
0.4993869662284851,
-0.8319541215896606,
-0.570497453212738,
0.681337296962738,
0.2253504991531372,
-0.5102031230926514,
-0.41876116394996643,
-0.5579046010971069,
0.6852952241897583,
0.29492315649986267,
-0.34460264444351196,
0.5733688473701477,
-0.10643669217824936,
0.3703455626964569,
0.03231293708086014,
-0.3043166697025299,
-0.3884058892726898,
0.027898449450731277,
0.16362619400024414,
-0.6140755414962769,
0.22975313663482666,
-0.32218465209007263,
0.021281106397509575,
-0.8789503574371338,
-0.3909100592136383,
-0.016421737149357796,
0.10489130765199661,
0.21377751231193542,
0.1303379088640213,
-0.2324155867099762,
0.3871123194694519,
-0.30010461807250977,
0.13710342347621918,
-0.42250746488571167,
-0.16012996435165405,
-0.31311607360839844,
-0.06826280802488327,
-0.20687955617904663,
0.6805945038795471,
-0.5390613675117493,
-0.09178454428911209,
0.0839930847287178,
-0.544059157371521,
-0.43713507056236267,
-0.39947131276130676,
-0.5315622091293335,
-0.004551886580884457,
0.35429826378822327,
0.051340632140636444,
0.10550559312105179,
0.25449079275131226,
0.31026968359947205,
0.020439568907022476,
0.15790879726409912,
-0.3873973786830902,
0.8717275261878967,
-0.2956809997558594,
-0.20922903716564178,
0.454347163438797,
-0.171338751912117,
0.36109134554862976,
-0.02498500980436802,
-0.08793238550424576,
-0.26949456334114075,
0.2436215579509735,
0.06604818254709244,
0.6343982815742493,
0.5318387746810913,
0.007300324272364378,
0.2669597864151001,
0.36077916622161865,
-0.6925554871559143,
-0.06454864889383316,
-0.08903767168521881,
-0.08106063306331635,
-0.47241702675819397,
0.2766566276550293,
0.4352495074272156,
0.06434983760118484,
0.592186450958252,
0.000519992143381387,
-0.49477362632751465,
0.5710329413414001,
0.31303462386131287,
0.3781045973300934,
-0.1302477866411209,
-0.2671956717967987,
0.05736427381634712,
-0.6100572347640991,
-0.11793070286512375,
-0.09956005960702896,
-0.1377941370010376,
-0.7975865006446838,
0.6898769736289978,
0.40715694427490234,
0.37974268198013306,
-0.2634829580783844,
-0.18561169505119324,
-0.5190587043762207,
-0.28572726249694824,
0.24552662670612335,
0.3215039074420929,
0.21520350873470306,
-0.1514246016740799,
-0.009037785232067108,
0.27695485949516296,
0.12565171718597412,
0.2437993884086609,
0.30487293004989624,
-0.38908180594444275,
0.8044692277908325,
-0.27590128779411316,
0.1728263795375824,
-1.333437204360962,
-0.03209783136844635,
-0.16946816444396973,
-0.4325103759765625,
0.39172935485839844,
0.14905545115470886,
-0.4643426239490509,
-0.06059114262461662,
-0.4103260934352875,
-0.4683350622653961,
0.2723398506641388,
0.6865546703338623,
0.18016833066940308,
0.12548451125621796,
-0.010962025262415409,
0.32453081011772156,
0.33638080954551697,
-0.00952407717704773,
-0.03408963978290558,
0.026026848703622818,
-0.058228619396686554,
-0.24646909534931183,
-0.0863664522767067,
-0.011118370108306408,
-0.7451164126396179,
0.7786760330200195,
0.5028131008148193,
-0.38243505358695984,
0.856426477432251,
0.06493151932954788,
0.642882764339447,
-0.0655185729265213,
-0.1291535198688507,
0.13684917986392975,
-0.07981368154287338,
0.08200786262750626,
0.1322014331817627,
-0.6070418953895569,
0.47997528314590454,
0.22204868495464325,
-0.6756109595298767,
-0.04407256469130516,
0.11296180635690689,
0.6657323837280273,
-0.024249358102679253,
-0.23890937864780426,
0.3314080536365509,
-0.3433593511581421,
-0.0779711976647377,
-0.21443162858486176,
0.42625921964645386,
-0.26114046573638916,
0.23545576632022858,
0.23865333199501038,
0.09312397986650467,
0.04394087567925453,
0.07369790971279144,
0.9046812057495117,
-0.15547454357147217,
-0.10349904745817184,
-0.5052576065063477,
0.5552393198013306,
-1.154826045036316,
-0.4129270017147064,
0.7887971997261047,
-0.2552471458911896,
-0.8680939674377441,
-0.039304476231336594,
0.07168377935886383,
-0.8348484635353088,
0.8107709288597107,
0.13582561910152435,
-0.771780788898468,
-0.05856705456972122,
-0.2573162019252777,
-0.2952365279197693,
-0.384125292301178,
0.42403432726860046,
1.0637989044189453,
0.7431237697601318,
-0.3707595467567444,
-0.507857084274292,
-0.24155749380588531,
0.32799768447875977,
0.39393091201782227,
-1.8377832174301147,
0.09077805280685425,
-0.49193766713142395,
-0.6068331003189087,
-0.6094943284988403,
0.6857842803001404,
-0.43112799525260925,
0.08716852217912674,
-0.2617860436439514,
-0.315335750579834,
-0.10391318053007126,
0.05498212203383446,
0.3860439956188202,
-0.038606975227594376,
-0.025755340233445168,
0.7669903039932251
]
|
123462 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive%20Conservative%20Party%20of%20Canada | Progressive Conservative Party of Canada | The Progressive Conservative Party of Canada (PC; ) was a centre-right federal political party in Canada that existed from 1942 to 2003.
From Canadian Confederation in 1867 until 1942, the original Conservative Party of Canada participated in numerous governments and had multiple names. However, in 1942, its name was changed to the Progressive Conservative Party under the request of Manitoba Progressive Premier John Bracken. In the 1957 federal election, John Diefenbaker carried the Tories to their first victory in 27 years. The year after, he carried the PCs to the largest federal electoral landslide in history (in terms of proportion of seats). During his tenure, human rights initiatives were achieved, most notably the Bill of Rights. In the 1963 federal election, the PCs lost power. The PCs would never gain power again until 1979, when Joe Clark led the party to a minority government victory. However, the party only lost power nine months later. In 1983, Clark lost his leadership role to prominent Montreal lawyer and businessman Brian Mulroney, who helped the PC Party gain popularity in Quebec. Mulroney won back-to-back majority governments in 1984 and 1988, and during his tenure, major economic reforms such as the North American Free Trade Agreement and the goods and services tax (GST) were introduced.
However, the unpopularity of the GST, the government's failed attempts with the Meech Lake and Charlottetown accords, and the early 1990s recession, caused the party to become heavily unpopular, and thus collapse in the 1993 federal election, winning just two seats. Western Canadian PC support transferred to the more right-wing Reform Party, whereas PC support from Quebec transferred to the sovereigntist Bloc Québécois. Ultimately, the Progressive Conservatives were never able to recover, something proved in the 1997 and 2000 federal elections. When it became clear that neither the Progressive Conservatives nor the Reform Party/Canadian Alliance (the latter being the successor of the Reform Party) could defeat the incumbent Liberals that rose to power in the 1993 election, an effort to unite the right-of-centre parties emerged. In 2003, the party membership voted to dissolve the party and merge with the Canadian Alliance to form the modern-day Conservative Party of Canada.
Until 1993, the PC Party was the largest right-leaning federal political party in Canada. Despite that, it is argued that its stance on social issues were centrist. Prime Minister Diefenbaker was well known for his work in advancing racial equality whereas Prime Minister Mulroney is credited with establishing protections for the environment. Red Toryism was especially prominent in the PC Party; adherents of the ideology favoured government interference in the economy and were willing to offer a compromise with Quebec nationalists.
History
Canada's first Prime Minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, belonged to the Liberal-Conservative Party ().
The federal Tories governed Canada for over 40 of the country's first 70 years of existence. However, the party spent the majority of its history in opposition as the nation's number-two federal party, behind the Liberal Party of Canada. From 1896 to 1993 the Tories formed a government six times—from 1911 to 1921, briefly in 1926, from 1930 to 1935, from 1957 to 1963, from 1979 to 1980 and from 1984 to 1993. It stands as the only Canadian party to have won more than 200 seats in an election—a feat it accomplished twice: in 1958 and 1984.
The party suffered a decade-long decline following the 1993 federal election and formally dissolved on December 7, 2003, when it merged with the Canadian Alliance to form the modern-day Conservative Party of Canada. The last meeting of the Progressive Conservative federal caucus was held in early 2004. The Conservative Party of Canada took power in 2006 and governed under the leadership of Stephen Harper until 2015, when it was defeated by the Liberal Party under Justin Trudeau.
Between the party's founding in 1867, and its adoption of the "Progressive Conservative" name in 1942, the party changed its name several times. It was most commonly known as the Conservative Party.
Several loosely associated provincial Progressive Conservative parties continue to exist in Manitoba, Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland and Labrador. As well, a small rump of Senators opposed the merger, and continued to sit in the Parliament of Canada as Progressive Conservatives. The last one of them rescinded their party status in 2016. The Yukon association of the party renamed itself as the Yukon Party in 1990. The British Columbia Progressive Conservative Party changed its name to the British Columbia Conservative Party in 1991. Saskatchewan's Progressive Conservative Party effectively ceased to exist in 1997, when the Saskatchewan Party formed – primarily from former PC Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) with a few Saskatchewan Liberal MLAs joining them.
The party adopted the "Progressive Conservative" party name in 1942 when Manitoba Premier John Bracken, a long-time leader of that province's Progressive Party, agreed to become leader of the federal Conservatives on condition that the party add Progressive to its name. Despite the name change, most former Progressive supporters continued to support the Liberal Party of Canada or the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, and Bracken's leadership of the Conservative Party came to an end in 1948. Many Canadians simply continued to refer to the party as "the Conservatives".
A major weakness of the party since 1885 was its inability to win support in Quebec, estranged significantly by that year's execution of Louis Riel. The Conscription Crisis of 1917 exacerbated the issue. Even though the Conservative Party of Quebec dominated politics in that province for the first 30 years of Confederation at both the federal and provincial levels, in the 20th century the party was never able to become a force in provincial politics, losing power in 1897, and dissolving in 1935 into the Union Nationale, which took power in 1936 under Maurice Duplessis.
In 20th-century federal politics, the Conservatives were often seen as insensitive to French-Canadian ambitions and interests and seldom succeeded in winning more than a handful of seats in Quebec, with a few notable exceptions:
the 1930 federal election, in which Richard Bedford Bennett surprisingly led the party to a thin majority government victory by securing 24 seats in rural Quebec;
the 1958 federal election, in which John Diefenbaker rode the backing of the right-leaning Union Nationale provincial government in Quebec to 50 of the province's 75 seats; and
the federal elections of 1984 and 1988, when party leader Brian Mulroney, a fluently bilingual Quebecker, built an electoral coalition that included Quebec nationalists.
The party never fully recovered from the fragmentation of Mulroney's broad coalition in the late 1980s resulting from Anglophone Canada's failure to ratify the Meech Lake Accord. Immediately prior to its merger with the Canadian Alliance, it held only 15 of 301 seats in the House of Commons of Canada. The party did not hold more than 20 seats in Parliament between 1993 and 2003.
The party pre-dates confederation in 1867, when it accepted many conservative-leaning former members of the Liberal Party into its ranks. At confederation, the Liberal-Conservative Party of Canada became Canada's first governing party under Sir John A. Macdonald, and for years was either the governing party of Canada or the largest opposition party. The party changed its name to the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada following the election as leader of Progressive Party of Manitoba Premier John Bracken in December 1942, who insisted on the name change as a condition of becoming leader.
Ideology
The Progressive Conservative Party was generally on the centre-right on the political spectrum. From 1867 on, the party was identified with Protestant and, in Quebec, Roman Catholic social values, British imperialism, Canadian nationalism, and constitutional centralism. This was highly successful until 1920, and to that point in history, the party was the most successful federal party in the Dominion.
As such, Canadian conservatism historically initially more closely resembled that which was practised in the United Kingdom and, to an extent, Europe, than in the United States. The "Tory" approach worked well for the party until 1917, when, as was common amongst 19th-century conservative movements, Canadian Tories opposed the rollback of government intervention in social and economic matters advocated by the liberals of the era. In contrast to "American conservative" counterparts, however, they did not undertake as dramatic an ideological turnaround in the first half of the 20th century by continuing to follow mercantilism and nascent notions of the welfare state.
Like their federal Liberal rivals, the party defined itself as a "big tent", welcoming a broad variety of members who supported relatively loosely defined goals. Unlike the Liberal Party, there was a long history of ongoing factionalism within this tent. This factionalism arose from the party's lack of electoral success, and because the party often reached out to particular political groups in order to garner enough support to topple the Liberals. These groups usually remained semi-autonomous blocs within the party, such as Quebec nationalists and western Canadian Reformers in the 1980s. In later years, observers generally grouped the PC Party's core membership into two camps, "Red Tories" and "Blue Tories".
Red Tories tend to be traditionally conservative, that is, "Tory" in the Disraelian sense in social policy, placing a high value on the principles of noblesse oblige, communitarianism, and One nation conservatism—and were thus seen as moderate (in the context of classical economic thought) in their economic policy. For most of their history they were trade protectionists, engaging in free-trade economics in only a limited fashion, as in Empire Free-Trade. Historically they comprised the largest bloc of the original Canadian Conservative party. Notable Red Tories include John Farthing, George Grant, John Diefenbaker, E. Davie Fulton, Robert Stanfield, Dalton Camp, W. L. Morton, William Davis, Joe Clark and Flora MacDonald.
Blue Tories, on the other hand, were originally members of the Tory elite drawn from the commercial classes in Montreal and Toronto. Prior to World War II, they were generally conservative in social policy, and classically liberal in economic policy. From 1964 on, this cadre came to identify more with neo-liberal influences in the US Republican Party, as espoused by Barry Goldwater and Ronald Reagan, and the Thatcherite leadership in the British Conservative Party, as represented by Sir Keith Joseph and Margaret Thatcher. They have come to be termed—in the Canadian lexicon—as neoconservatives. However, there are also Blue Tories who identify strongly with the Monarchy in Canada and other traditional institutions. In Canada, Blue Tories include Ralph Klein and Mike Harris.
From 1891 until the party's dissolution, Red Tories generally dominated the highest rungs of the party and its leadership. The emerging neoconservatives of the 1970s were significantly reduced in numbers in the party by the late 1980s, and many of the disaffected drifted towards neoliberalism and parties with a neoconservative bent, such as the Reform Party of Canada. When the PC party held power at the federal level, it never truly embraced Reaganomics and its crusade against "big government" as vociferously as was done in the USA.
Canadian neoconservatives lean more towards individualism and economic liberalism. Support for the Canadian Alliance and its predecessor the Reform Party of Canada derived principally from this group, and that support carried forward into the new Conservative Party of Canada. The success of the neoconservative movement in using the label "Conservative" has brought into debate the very definition of conservatism in Canada today. Although adhering to economic philosophies similar to those originally advanced by 19th-century liberals (known confusingly as both neoliberalism and neoconservatism), the Canadian Alliance agreed to the name "Conservative Party of Canada" for the new party.
Progressive Conservative history
After a by-election defeat in 1942, a group of younger Conservatives from the Conservative Party of Canada met in Port Hope, Ontario, to develop a new Conservative policy they hoped would bring them out of the political wilderness. The participants, known as the Port Hopefuls, developed a program including many Conservative goals such as support for free enterprise and conscription. Yet the charter also included more radical policies, such as full-employment, low-cost housing, trade union rights, as well as a whole range of social security measures, including a government financed medicare system.
Although many Conservatives rejected the charter, the charter still influenced party decisions. Delegates at the convention drafted John Bracken as leader, who was not even a member of the party. Bracken supported the Port Hope Charter and insisted the party register this policy shift by changing its name to the Progressive Conservative Party.
In the early days of Canadian confederation, the party supported a mercantilist approach to economic development: export-led growth with high import barriers to protect local industry. The party was staunchly monarchist and supported playing a large role within the British Empire. It was seen by some French Canadians as supporting a policy of cultural assimilation.
The Conservative Party dominated Canadian politics for the nation's first 30 years. In general, Canada's political history has consisted of Tories alternating power with the Liberals, albeit often in minority governments supported by smaller parties.
After a long period of Liberal dominance following the Tories ill-fated depression era mandate from 1930 to 35, John Diefenbaker won a sweeping electoral victory for the Tories in 1958. Diefenbaker was able to win most of the parliamentary seats in Western Canada, much of those in Ontario, and, with the support of the Union Nationale provincial government, a large number in Quebec. Diefenbaker attempted to pursue a policy of distancing Canada from the United States. His cabinet split over Diefenbaker's refusal of American demands that Canada accept nuclear warheads for Bomarc missiles based in North Bay, Ontario, and La Macaza, Quebec. This split contributed to the Tory government's defeat at the hands of Lester B. Pearson's Liberals in the 1963 election.
Diefenbaker remained Progressive Conservative leader until 1967, when increasing unease at his erratic behaviour, authoritarian leadership, and perceived unelectability led party president Dalton Camp to call for and win a motion for a leadership review which resulted in the 1967 leadership convention where Nova Scotia Premier Robert Stanfield was elected out of a field of eleven candidates that included Diefenbaker and Manitoba Premier Duff Roblin.
Joe Clark took the leadership of the Progressive Conservative Party in 1976. He came to power in the 1979 election, defeating the Liberal government of Pierre Trudeau and ending sixteen years of continuous Liberal rule. Taking office the day before his 40th birthday, Clark is the youngest person to become Prime Minister. His tenure was brief as he only won a minority government, and it was defeated on a motion of non-confidence pertaining to his 1979 budget. Clark's Progressive Conservative Party lost the 1980 election and Clark lost the leadership of the party to Brian Mulroney 1983.
In the late 1960s and 1970s, following Quebec's Quiet Revolution, the Progressive Conservatives recognized the need to increase their appeal to Canada's francophone population. At the same time, the Tories moved away from economic nationalism towards a neoliberal platform. Both movements culminated with Brian Mulroney becoming prime minister after the election of 1984. He led the Tories to a record 211 seats, and a majority of seats in every province.
Mulroney had declared himself an opponent to free trade with the United States during the 1983 leadership campaign. But a growing continentalist sentiment among Canadian business leaders and the impact of the "Reagan Revolution" on Canadian conservative thought led Mulroney to embrace free trade. His government endorsed the recommendation of the 1985 Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada that Canada pursue a free trade deal with the United States.
Traditionally, it had been the Liberal Party that held a continentalist position and the Conservatives who opposed free trade with the United States in favour of economic links with Britain. With the dissolution of the British Empire and the economic nationalism of the Liberal Party under Pierre Trudeau, the traditional positions of the two parties became reversed. It was with this background that Mulroney fought and won the 1988 election on the issue of the Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement.
Mulroney also made a promise to Quebecers, claiming that he would reform the constitution so that Quebec would be willing to endorse the Constitution, which it did not in 1982, unlike Canada's other provinces. To do this, Mulroney promised that he would give Quebec distinct society status and greater autonomy. This helped Mulroney garner substantial support from Quebec nationalists including Lucien Bouchard who joined the Conservatives claiming that providing Quebec with autonomy would be acceptable for Quebec to remain within Canada.
Although the Progressive Conservative Party switched to neoliberalism, the party did retain its social progressive policies unlike other parties which advocated neoliberalism. Mulroney and the government pursued an aggressive environmental agenda under the aide of then-environmental policy advisor, present-day Green Party leader Elizabeth May. Mulroney and members of the U.S. government sparred over action on acid rain. In the end Mulroney managed to convince U.S. President Ronald Reagan to sign an acid rain treaty, to reduce acid rain. Mulroney was recognized for his strong environmental stances recently, being named the Greenest Canadian Prime Minister by a study group.
A number of economic and governance issues contributed to the fall of the Progressive Conservative party at the federal level in the 1993 federal election:
Canada suffered its worst recession since the Second World War,
Unemployment rose to the highest levels since the Great Depression,
The federal government faced high and persistent deficits, and
The Tories had introduced a much-hated new tax, the Goods and Services Tax.
Extensive government corruption and accusations of corruption and government mismanagement were in the news, such as the Airbus affair and evidence showing Canadian peacekeepers maltreating Somalis, which resulted in the Somalia inquiry.
During the election campaign the Tories used an attack ad against Liberal leader Jean Chrétien, which appeared to mock his odd facial expressions—which were the result of Bell's palsy—and suggest he was unfit for the post of Prime Minister because of them.
The second major factor leading to the Mulroney government's demise was that the party's base in Quebec came from Quebec nationalists, who withdrew their support after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown Constitutional Accords. Many Quebec Tories, including a number of Members of Parliament (MPs), left the party to form the Bloc Québécois with like-minded Liberals.
The third major factor was the rise of "western alienation" in the four provinces of western Canada as a result of attempts by both Tories and Liberals to woo Quebec. Western Canadians turned their support to the Reform Party of Canada and later to its successor, the Canadian Alliance.
Following Mulroney's resignation, his successor as Tory leader and as prime minister was Kim Campbell, who led the party into the disastrous election of 1993. The Progressive Conservatives went from being the majority party to holding only two seats in the House of Commons, which was not enough to maintain official party status despite garnering 16% of the popular vote. It was the worst defeat ever suffered for a governing party at the federal level; the 151-seat loss far exceeded the 95 seats lost by the Liberals in 1984. The party's western supporters transferred virtually en masse to Reform, most of its Quebec supporters split between the sovereigntist Bloc Québécois and the Liberals, and most of its Ontario and Atlantic supporters bolted for the Liberals. Even though the Progressive Conservatives finished third in the popular vote (just percentage points behind Reform), their support was spread out across the entire country and was not concentrated in enough areas to translate into more seats. By contrast, the Bloc managed to capture Official Opposition status with 54 seats despite running candidates only in Quebec, while Reform finished third in the seat count despite being virtually nonexistent east of Manitoba.
Campbell herself was defeated, as was every member of the Cabinet except Jean Charest, whom Campbell had defeated in the election to succeed Mulroney. Campbell resigned as party leader in December, and Charest, as the only remaining member of the previous Cabinet, was quickly appointed interim leader and confirmed in the post in 1995. Charest led the party back to official party status in the 1997 election, winning 20 seats. With the exception of one seat each in Ontario and Manitoba, the rest of the seats were all in the Maritimes and Quebec. However, the PCs never won more than 20 seats again, and only two west of Quebec (not counting by-elections and switches from other parties).
Merger with Alliance
The rise of the Reform Party/Canadian Alliance was doubtless damaging to the Tories, though there remains some debate as to the precise degree. Many observers argue that from 1993 to 2003 the "conservative" vote was split between the two parties, allowing Liberal candidates to win ridings formerly considered to be Tory strongholds. This assessment led to the growth of the United Alternative movements of the late 1990s. Others insisted that a legitimate ideological gulf existed between the more ideological Alliance and the more moderate Red Tory-influenced PC Party, pointing to surveys that indicated many Tory voters would rather select the Liberals as their second choice rather than the Alliance. This seemed to be particularly born out in Ontario. The Liberals won all but one seat in that province in 1993 and 1997, and all but two in 2000—an era that was dominated by the provincial Tories. This was largely because many former bellwether ridings in suburban Toronto (known as "the 905", after its area code) turned almost solidly Liberal for most of the 1990s at the federal level while supporting the Tories at the provincial level.
Charest stepped down from the leadership in 1998 to become leader of the Quebec Liberal Party. Former leader Joe Clark returned to the post in a vote in which all party members were eligible to cast ballots, instead of a traditional leadership convention. A point system allocated each riding 100 points to be distributed among the candidates by proportional representation according to votes cast by party members in the riding. (This same system was used by the Conservative Party of Canada in 2004.) In the 2000 election Clark was able to garner the 12 seats necessary for official party status, but no more.
Clark realized that as long as the centre-right vote was divided, there was no chance of dislodging the Liberals. However, he wanted a merger on his terms. He got his chance in 2001, when several dissident Alliance MPs, the most prominent one being Alliance deputy leader and party matriarch Deborah Grey, left the Alliance caucus. The dissidents felt that Alliance leader Stockwell Day hadn't learned from mistakes made in the last election. While some of them rejoined the Alliance later, seven of them, led by Chuck Strahl of British Columbia and including Grey, refused and formed the Democratic Representative Caucus. The DRC quickly entered a coalition with the Progressive Conservatives, which lasted until 2002 when Stephen Harper ousted Day as Alliance leader. Harper wanted a closer union with the PCs, but Clark turned the offer down, and all but two of the DRC members rejoined the Alliance. One of the two, Inky Mark, eventually joined the PCs. Two by-election victories later in 2002 increased the PC caucus to 15 members and fourth place in the Commons. However, Clark was unable to gain any ground in Ontario and resigned on August 6, 2002.
On May 31, 2003, Peter MacKay won the party leadership after securing the endorsement of controversial fellow leadership candidate David Orchard, an outspoken opponent of free trade who wanted to return the party to its traditional economic nationalist roots. Orchard's endorsement of MacKay was predicated on four bullet points laid out in the Orchard-MacKay agreement, one of which expressly forbade the merger of the PC Party of Canada with the Canadian Alliance. After only a few months as party leader though, MacKay reneged on his promise and proceeded to negotiate a merger with the Alliance, which he announced had occurred on October 15, 2003. The two parties, it seemed, united to form a new party called the Conservative Party of Canada. The union was ratified on December 5 and 6 in a process conducted by each of the parties, and the new Conservative Party was formally registered on December 7. The merger prompted Clark to remark, "Some equate it to a death in the family. I regard it rather as a death of the family." On March 20, 2004, former Alliance leader Harper was elected leader of the new party and appointed MacKay as his deputy.
Rump PC caucus
House of Commons
Following the merger, a rump Progressive Conservative caucus remained in Parliament, consisting of individuals who declined to join the new Conservative Party. In the House of Commons, Joe Clark, André Bachand and John Herron sat as PC members. In the 2004 election, Bachand and Clark did not run for re-election, and Herron ran as a Liberal, losing to Rob Moore in his riding of Fundy—Royal. Scott Brison, who had joined the Liberal caucus immediately upon departing the Conservative Party, was reelected as a Liberal in the 2004 election. After being expelled from the Conservative Party caucus in June 2007, Nova Scotia MP Bill Casey designated himself as an "Independent Progressive Conservative".
Senate
In the Senate, William Doody, Lowell Murray and Norman Atkins also declined to join the new party, and continued to sit as Progressive Conservative senators. On March 24, 2005, Prime Minister Paul Martin appointed nine new senators, two of whom, Nancy Ruth and Elaine McCoy, were designated as Progressive Conservatives. Ruth subsequently left to sit with the Conservative Party. The death of Senator Doody on December 27, 2005, and the mandatory retirement of Norman Atkins on June 27, 2009, and Lowell Murray on September 26, 2011, left McCoy, the youngest of the five, as the sole Progressive Conservative in the Senate and the last sitting PC in either chamber of Parliament until February 11, 2013, when she chose to change her designation to "Independent Progressive Conservative". McCoy changed her designation to "Independent" on February 17, 2016, thus bringing to an end the presence of Progressive Conservatives in the Parliament of Canada.
Progressive Canadian Party
On January 9, 2004, a group claiming to be loyal to the Progressive Conservative Party and opposed to the merger, which they characterized as an Alliance takeover, filed application with the Chief Electoral Officer to register a party called the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada. The application was refused on the grounds that the name could no longer be utilized. The group resubmitted with the name Progressive Canadian Party, and a new "PC Party" was recognized by Elections Canada on March 26. It secured sufficient backing to be registered as an official party on May 29. It was led by former Progressive Conservative MP Joe Hueglin of Ontario.
The Progressive Canadian party aimed to be perceived as the successor party to the Progressive Conservatives. However, it did not enjoy broad support among former Progressive Conservatives. In particular, no prominent anti-merger Progressive Conservatives such as Joe Clark or David Orchard were associated with the Progressive Canadian Party, nor were any sitting MPs or senators. The most prominent members to join were two 1970s and 1980s era politicians: former cabinet minister Sinclair Stevens and former junior cabinet minister, Heward Grafftey, who polled near or below Craig Chandler in the final PC Party leadership race. It was deregistered by Elections Canada in late 2019.
Party leaders
Progressive Conservative leaders in the Senate
Party presidents
James Macdonnell (1946–1950)
George Nowlan (1950–1954)
George Hees (1954–1956)
Allister Grosart (1956–1963)
Egan Chambers (1963–1964)
Dalton Camp (1964–1969)
Frank Moores (1969–1970)
Nathan Nurgitz (1970–1971)
Donald J. Matthews (1971–1974)
Michael Meighen (1974–1977)
Robert C. Coates (1977–1978)
Peter Elzinga (1983–1986)
William H. Jarvis (1986–1989)
Gerry St. Germain (1989–1995)
Peter Van Loan (1999–2000)
Election results 1945–2000
See also
Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidates, 2000 Canadian federal election
Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidates, 1997 Canadian federal election
Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidates, 1993 Canadian federal election
Progressive Conservative leadership conventions
Conservative Party of Canada (historical)
Conservative Party of Canada
Conservative parties in Canada
List of political parties in Canada
Politics of Canada
Prime Ministers of Canada
Official Opposition (Canada)
References
Further reading
Perlin, George C. The Tory Syndrome: Leadership Politics in the Progressive Conservative Party. Montréal, Qué.: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1980.
1942 establishments in Canada
2003 disestablishments in Canada
Political parties established in 1867
Political parties disestablished in 2003
Defunct political parties in Canada
Organizations based in Ottawa | [
0.026339594274759293,
-0.046811532229185104,
-0.420303612947464,
0.6560314893722534,
-0.8076620101928711,
0.2827579975128174,
-0.17051590979099274,
0.7248505353927612,
-0.3928270936012268,
-0.2229684740304947,
0.3395655155181885,
0.0539429746568203,
-0.11037971079349518,
0.126693993806839,
-0.20771107077598572,
0.5610913634300232,
-0.3856666088104248,
0.3362313210964203,
-0.4633437395095825,
-0.15456509590148926,
-0.5559791326522827,
-0.30178382992744446,
0.8862647414207458,
0.29942405223846436,
-0.18305255472660065,
0.2157203108072281,
0.754348874092102,
0.30355367064476013,
-0.5575380921363831,
-0.3071022927761078,
0.009938279166817665,
0.1991700381040573,
0.48436567187309265,
-0.0816764160990715,
0.6192988753318787,
-0.01978825218975544,
0.05657399818301201,
-0.30660679936408997,
-0.3196136951446533,
-0.1884915679693222,
0.20234470069408417,
-0.5249727964401245,
0.19331420958042145,
0.5532584190368652,
0.9879477620124817,
-0.34374406933784485,
-1.5165268182754517,
0.5424764156341553,
-0.838276743888855,
-0.14108963310718536,
-0.37707585096359253,
0.2010246366262436,
0.35142236948013306,
0.1215507984161377,
0.38358986377716064,
0.4298974573612213,
-0.455832839012146,
0.16250964999198914,
-0.4599694311618805,
-0.36280694603919983,
-0.012593848630785942,
0.08729685097932816,
0.42821016907691956,
0.11689312756061554,
0.6538861989974976,
-0.15452247858047485,
0.32782620191574097,
0.1584373116493225,
-0.6615273952484131,
0.13727544248104095,
-0.25441956520080566,
-0.4029502272605896,
0.23753811419010162,
0.7117899656295776,
0.3103274405002594,
-0.46036481857299805,
0.5050040483474731,
0.27006715536117554,
0.3743891716003418,
0.33442366123199463,
0.06014196574687958,
0.08043280243873596,
0.1264341026544571,
0.3190820515155792,
0.41017696261405945,
0.49114924669265747,
0.03698168694972992,
-0.3470851480960846,
-0.0622134730219841,
0.06130337342619896,
-1.1839760541915894,
-0.3777376115322113,
0.5342435240745544,
0.06291410326957703,
-0.3421207368373871,
-0.5701742172241211,
0.2633223235607147,
0.2463979423046112,
-0.021555989980697632,
-0.04534635320305824,
0.047106362879276276,
-0.08935666084289551,
0.6727898716926575,
-0.31503742933273315,
-0.8639301657676697,
-0.16415554285049438,
-0.31093019247055054,
-0.05510571971535683,
-0.7851604223251343,
-0.2044253945350647,
-0.24839705228805542,
0.5732131600379944,
-0.25786092877388,
0.5018126964569092,
0.46767666935920715,
0.31632786989212036,
-0.2480454444885254,
-0.9570235013961792,
0.31207340955734253,
0.34287214279174805,
-0.3113124966621399,
0.24332833290100098,
-0.6954768896102905,
0.1229032650589943,
-0.06243748217821121,
0.46560990810394287,
0.08093668520450592,
-0.8088528513908386,
-0.2191084921360016,
0.42860233783721924,
0.9138359427452087,
0.49457499384880066,
-0.37385106086730957,
-0.5131735801696777,
0.10943468660116196,
-0.05962827429175377,
0.6565622091293335,
-0.025013495236635208,
0.284618616104126,
0.046143706887960434,
-0.7396335601806641,
-0.5319916009902954,
0.2290637195110321,
-0.7878833413124084,
0.5250148773193359,
0.16469861567020416,
0.1442641168832779,
-0.30676907300949097,
-0.5090581774711609,
-0.6816197037696838,
0.3617689907550812,
-0.38110625743865967,
0.0019258065149188042,
-0.4660484492778778,
0.22745776176452637,
0.5297132730484009,
0.7332693338394165,
-0.18756698071956635,
0.2920456826686859,
0.4598187804222107,
0.27157750725746155,
0.08138575404882431,
0.4893646836280823,
-0.05342640355229378,
0.6407621502876282,
-0.4320427477359772,
-0.461232990026474,
-0.01128899585455656,
0.16946983337402344,
0.5847373008728027,
-0.27310696244239807,
-0.09298933297395706,
0.36152327060699463,
-0.5248796939849854,
0.16177240014076233,
-0.1463983952999115,
0.7924894094467163,
0.4417019486427307,
0.1632160246372223,
-0.03244086727499962,
-0.6741743683815002,
0.40026330947875977,
0.381193071603775,
-0.042569052428007126,
-0.399082750082016,
0.4510639011859894,
0.019158663228154182,
-0.13554434478282928,
0.19334764778614044,
0.13075074553489685,
0.06552568078041077,
-0.6162680983543396,
0.5671610832214355,
-1.0988105535507202,
1.0025606155395508,
-0.3940792977809906,
-0.38971394300460815,
1.033291220664978,
-0.2512032389640808,
0.6800124645233154,
-0.08493077754974365,
-0.3454256057739258,
0.46475112438201904,
-0.19214066863059998,
-0.6830413341522217,
0.36388254165649414,
-0.29631420969963074,
0.5337554812431335,
-0.1296829879283905,
0.3594872057437897,
-0.30742883682250977,
-0.12091869115829468,
0.06538309156894684,
1.03725004196167,
-0.14803829789161682,
-1.2747814655303955,
-0.526737630367279,
0.16512557864189148,
-0.20103660225868225,
-0.10233811289072037,
0.29652562737464905,
-0.18186204135417938,
-0.41349807381629944,
0.5375543236732483,
-0.06111645698547363,
0.3300679922103882,
0.14330388605594635,
0.3993515968322754,
0.39384710788726807,
0.16628780961036682,
0.7167443037033081,
0.8867065906524658,
0.5596113801002502,
-0.5046020746231079,
-0.19044409692287445,
-0.05488882586359978,
-0.07061704248189926,
-0.3700287342071533,
0.5193971395492554,
0.07992691546678543,
0.4015067517757416,
-0.48873400688171387,
-0.6100984215736389,
0.18533091247081757,
-0.1588943749666214,
-0.04110380634665489,
-0.566051721572876,
0.7262415289878845,
0.1720980703830719,
0.1714959591627121,
0.569066047668457,
0.051507629454135895,
-0.17363198101520538,
-0.0012343046255409718,
0.3512539267539978,
0.1614839881658554,
0.4369644820690155,
-0.8523590564727783,
0.2897105813026428,
0.5680820941925049,
-0.0361945740878582,
-0.061403099447488785,
-0.23234356939792633,
0.14591355621814728,
0.09522975981235504,
-0.46640291810035706,
-0.45362815260887146,
0.21223461627960205,
-0.7702491879463196,
0.2975388169288635,
0.07590048015117645,
-0.0229953546077013,
-0.5154565572738647,
0.12087583541870117,
0.3640248477458954,
-0.39334195852279663,
-0.25038182735443115,
0.8259503245353699,
-0.7271669507026672,
-0.7875450849533081,
-0.4081687331199646,
0.6751954555511475,
-0.0362468846142292,
-0.1928671896457672,
-0.17248433828353882,
0.3565971851348877,
0.01101264264434576,
-0.019141780212521553,
-0.08255554735660553,
0.13044902682304382,
-0.048253078013658524,
-0.5085020065307617,
-0.4814833104610443,
-0.060731325298547745,
0.31473830342292786,
0.10876145958900452,
0.24892020225524902,
0.21294698119163513,
0.13128045201301575,
-0.3838098347187042,
-0.08943592756986618,
0.19991126656532288,
-0.23940403759479523,
-0.24812914431095123,
0.467742383480072,
0.11775605380535126,
-0.41770243644714355,
-0.40569305419921875,
-5.544066429138184,
-0.17317205667495728,
-0.24303199350833893,
-0.6311927437782288,
0.25995537638664246,
0.020561128854751587,
0.10876631736755371,
-0.3240039050579071,
0.1673387587070465,
-0.4740079343318939,
0.2685411870479584,
0.25817495584487915,
0.12318010628223419,
0.27854427695274353,
0.41332197189331055,
0.1711093932390213,
0.24309974908828735,
-0.044937945902347565,
0.4362337291240692,
-0.7003602385520935,
0.5085618495941162,
-0.053568098694086075,
-0.024926800280809402,
0.07724180817604065,
0.7316800951957703,
0.7108731865882874,
0.15540850162506104,
0.4572567641735077,
-0.4652467668056488,
-0.394298255443573,
-0.08493399620056152,
-0.004227474331855774,
0.5379143953323364,
-0.2681523263454437,
0.23478835821151733,
-0.441371887922287,
0.6586278080940247,
0.8478384017944336,
0.6591343879699707,
-0.07785752415657043,
-0.31733065843582153,
0.08248279988765717,
-0.03194979205727577,
-0.28269943594932556,
0.06845491379499435,
0.4208439290523529,
-0.3813903033733368,
0.023499086499214172,
-0.546662449836731,
0.6228163242340088,
0.2014506310224533,
0.31083813309669495,
0.45609959959983826,
0.1736712008714676,
-0.07284077256917953,
0.04188103601336479,
0.3436042070388794,
-0.5803262591362,
-0.363874226808548,
0.31416410207748413,
0.1519237905740738,
0.21459801495075226,
0.10149399191141129,
-0.6006913185119629,
-0.19251661002635956,
-0.23044531047344208,
-0.36835363507270813,
0.48174557089805603,
0.8207569122314453,
0.15737482905387878,
-0.36544591188430786,
-0.3986685872077942,
-0.4447011649608612,
-0.9015761613845825,
-0.20858430862426758,
-0.46733635663986206,
0.504967987537384,
0.23764190077781677,
0.2617051899433136,
0.1360754817724228,
-0.15395110845565796,
0.16807788610458374,
-0.32694244384765625,
0.3729180693626404,
0.14257366955280304,
0.05759923905134201,
-0.20158948004245758,
0.6110901832580566,
-0.5917525887489319,
-0.10571105778217316,
-0.2950195372104645,
-0.3605426847934723,
0.7624406814575195,
0.15258044004440308,
0.28642737865448,
-0.41213729977607727,
0.6740580797195435,
-0.27503859996795654,
-0.3645487129688263,
-1.0424460172653198,
0.021681929007172585,
0.18443915247917175,
-0.187417671084404,
-1.0119401216506958,
-0.6155787110328674,
-0.727230429649353,
-0.4975549578666687,
0.018772341310977936,
-0.08176620304584503,
-0.1866219937801361,
-0.4392569959163666,
-0.37870338559150696,
-0.40319880843162537,
-0.16431871056556702,
0.4125620424747467,
-0.002402831567451358,
-0.9084905982017517,
0.1442030519247055,
0.4348030984401703,
0.7856048345565796,
0.16042497754096985,
-0.06703343987464905,
-0.018956586718559265,
0.1403791755437851,
-0.28048965334892273,
0.5760584473609924,
0.173875093460083,
0.06024264544248581,
-0.22490260004997253,
0.2705390155315399,
0.6777462959289551,
-0.4168112576007843,
0.5272743105888367,
-0.07612793892621994,
0.3501620888710022,
0.11965195834636688,
-0.24112166464328766,
0.4064869284629822,
0.07268223166465759,
-0.23674693703651428,
-0.18653368949890137,
0.27763238549232483,
0.09889951348304749,
0.2284887284040451,
0.1678316295146942,
0.40542009472846985,
-0.1624046266078949,
0.13203702867031097,
-0.023431167006492615,
0.6978549957275391,
-0.017268739640712738,
0.26261815428733826,
0.8059712052345276,
-0.2016284316778183,
0.23272691667079926,
-0.38095125555992126,
0.13255192339420319,
0.012272491119801998,
0.3936060667037964,
-1.0293828248977661,
0.4323233366012573,
0.147989422082901,
-0.5479834079742432,
0.22274820506572723,
0.3491264283657074,
-0.24554507434368134,
-0.6597750186920166,
-0.39541491866111755,
-0.14570742845535278,
0.3696936368942261,
0.732170581817627,
-0.11274120956659317,
-0.33578234910964966,
0.20304031670093536,
0.5762225985527039,
-0.5964581370353699,
0.22683732211589813,
-0.27351897954940796,
-0.1813841462135315,
-0.14606863260269165,
0.09189451485872269,
-0.05365723371505737,
-0.390803724527359,
0.12269005179405212,
0.638125479221344,
-0.7924430966377258,
-0.5374312996864319,
-0.44429537653923035,
0.25919079780578613,
0.2962982952594757,
1.2456995248794556,
0.2434195876121521,
0.3284846842288971,
0.35269489884376526,
-0.4623347520828247,
-0.12900233268737793,
-0.036812812089920044,
0.06755430996417999,
-0.2971537113189697,
-0.4719391167163849,
-0.225862056016922,
0.42603302001953125,
0.3592589795589447,
-0.39348283410072327,
0.19522330164909363,
-0.4687618315219879,
0.4799182116985321,
-0.6011756658554077,
-0.5551319718360901,
0.5018089413642883,
-0.33023807406425476,
0.02041448839008808,
0.12869298458099365,
-0.0775480642914772,
-0.29695314168930054,
-0.09725198149681091,
0.4656979441642761,
-0.14333194494247437,
-0.39278149604797363,
-0.16876596212387085,
-0.4422627389431,
0.13179820775985718,
-0.49179768562316895,
-0.09142210334539413,
-0.5238264203071594,
0.8504229187965393,
0.4628424048423767,
-0.20824173092842102,
-0.22290636599063873,
-0.29826000332832336,
-0.3609893321990967,
-0.5540648102760315,
-0.18566587567329407,
-0.34051159024238586,
0.0718437060713768,
0.205439954996109,
0.128743976354599,
0.29969900846481323,
-0.26423102617263794,
0.10243097692728043,
0.4860355257987976,
0.481037437915802,
1.021925687789917,
-1.3089250326156616,
-0.13994452357292175,
0.44903984665870667,
0.7156543731689453,
-0.3716111481189728,
-0.5481126308441162,
0.3632447123527527,
0.4192214608192444,
-0.5195193290710449,
-0.9103530049324036,
-0.26640453934669495,
1.0594650506973267,
-0.6175961494445801,
-0.4745599329471588,
0.02320421300828457,
-0.06569499522447586,
-0.23395663499832153,
-0.37970608472824097,
-0.12103859335184097,
-0.48267439007759094,
0.5073838829994202,
0.22645144164562225,
0.5432456731796265,
-0.15156158804893494,
-0.5083793997764587,
-0.31171274185180664,
-0.19890689849853516,
-0.2738216519355774,
-0.08450891077518463,
0.16645574569702148,
0.24575355648994446,
-0.19895024597644806,
-0.48135530948638916,
-0.039836376905441284,
-0.4287010133266449,
-0.019026009365916252,
-0.30683207511901855,
-0.36559829115867615,
0.05370844900608063,
0.6859145164489746,
-0.06897836923599243,
-0.08585896342992783,
-1.0418871641159058,
-0.37877464294433594,
0.37929996848106384,
-0.6942419409751892,
-0.11997301131486893,
-0.10834383964538574,
-0.01790548302233219,
-0.045316822826862335,
-0.17868299782276154,
-0.2897118926048279,
-0.24322408437728882,
-0.3424950838088989,
0.10943031311035156,
-0.019416989758610725,
0.12109075486660004,
-0.9486395120620728,
0.7074472308158875,
-0.046752214431762695,
-0.1299791783094406,
-0.15833325684070587,
-0.18488812446594238,
-0.06285950541496277,
-0.3238653540611267,
-0.15970143675804138,
0.27595677971839905,
0.6267479062080383,
-0.2605622708797455,
-0.16297440230846405,
0.38652941584587097,
-0.35856711864471436,
-0.24496638774871826,
0.7089772820472717,
-0.5780457854270935,
0.48219752311706543,
0.0053481776267290115,
0.1933731585741043,
0.9540587067604065,
0.25824806094169617,
0.23817893862724304,
0.23041974008083344,
0.3108585774898529,
-0.37638357281684875,
0.04936658963561058,
0.015695691108703613,
-0.13141369819641113,
0.20026077330112457,
0.1545828878879547,
-0.6016560792922974,
0.6776993870735168,
-0.9058433175086975,
-0.6152419447898865,
-0.2154429703950882,
-0.3381638526916504,
-0.33862215280532837,
0.3664522171020508,
0.29109400510787964,
0.21738514304161072,
-0.574472188949585,
-0.2464044839143753,
0.37694230675697327,
0.8077641129493713,
0.08007772266864777,
0.07739643007516861,
0.47892656922340393,
0.030626827850937843,
0.7619136571884155,
-0.7897071838378906,
-0.11752118915319443,
-0.20186541974544525,
-0.025057680904865265,
0.2820758521556854,
0.7623419761657715,
-0.31962519884109497,
0.4762035608291626,
-0.17061561346054077,
-0.2540203034877777,
-0.27938929200172424,
0.1738947033882141,
0.10331770032644272,
-0.42190825939178467,
0.13751345872879028,
0.5471381545066833,
-0.609387218952179,
-0.05562594160437584,
0.33221471309661865,
-0.15656401216983795,
-0.035795748233795166,
-0.21935003995895386,
0.1686428338289261,
-0.5239497423171997,
-0.37714123725891113,
0.28317463397979736,
-0.007667836267501116,
0.3658905029296875,
0.7357203364372253,
-0.22549138963222504,
0.24704717099666595,
-0.28450149297714233,
-0.6727834343910217,
0.24409770965576172,
-0.268187016248703,
-0.20943504571914673,
0.1659689098596573,
-0.11381883174180984,
0.28837618231773376,
-0.01601259596645832,
-0.9598218202590942,
0.0590161457657814,
0.3399236500263214,
0.1033436730504036,
-0.06427335739135742,
-0.5711372494697571,
0.15336571633815765,
0.46619778871536255,
0.7345714569091797,
-0.11299319565296173,
0.6325692534446716,
0.33503755927085876,
0.3854902982711792,
-0.17730656266212463,
0.19969429075717926,
-0.36278966069221497,
-0.09673357009887695,
-0.9642583727836609,
-0.09940934926271439,
-0.018062345683574677,
0.6207865476608276,
-0.3066134452819824,
0.8456642627716064,
-0.49510106444358826,
-0.5352011919021606,
0.9981380701065063,
-0.2453051656484604,
-0.09670627117156982,
0.05460479110479355,
-0.21810220181941986,
-0.7398601174354553,
0.8614300489425659,
0.2589961588382721,
-0.1517411768436432,
-0.28579166531562805,
0.6139663457870483,
0.011822925880551338,
-0.6852900385856628,
0.2707269787788391,
-0.2034701406955719,
-0.6005792021751404,
-0.2112101912498474,
0.3919013440608978,
0.08447786420583725,
0.06730873137712479,
-0.03183048963546753,
0.03527609258890152,
0.008346672169864178,
-0.6477457284927368,
0.05575898662209511,
-0.08417952060699463,
0.1823866069316864,
-0.3110438287258148,
0.19224120676517487,
-0.20789597928524017,
0.2927197217941284,
-0.1913943588733673,
-0.38925203680992126,
-0.08244500309228897,
0.0383375845849514,
-0.021638238802552223,
0.4005762040615082,
-0.27911627292633057,
0.3326399624347687,
-0.3762269616127014,
0.38417086005210876,
-0.4244711399078369,
0.023608693853020668,
0.31806352734565735
]
|
123464 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail%20Safe%20%281964%20film%29 | Fail Safe (1964 film) | Fail Safe is a 1964 Cold War thriller film directed by Sidney Lumet, based on the 1962 novel of the same name by Eugene Burdick and Harvey Wheeler. The film follows a crisis caused by a critical error that sends a group of U.S. bombers to destroy Moscow, and the ensuing attempts to stop the bomber group before it can deploy a nuclear first strike. The film features performances by actors Henry Fonda, Dan O'Herlihy, Walter Matthau, Frank Overton, Larry Hagman, Fritz Weaver, Dana Elcar, Dom DeLuise and Sorrell Booke.
In 2000, the novel was adapted again as a televised play starring George Clooney, Richard Dreyfuss and Noah Wyle, and broadcast live in black and white on CBS.
Plot
United States Air Force General Black has been having recurring dreams in which a Spanish matador kills a bull before a cheering crowd. Black flies to Washington, D.C. to attend a conference led by Dr. Groeteschele, a political scientist renowned for his expertise on the politics of nuclear weapons.
Groeteschele is a fervent anticommunist. At a dinner party the evening before, he dismisses the fears that such a war would destroy the human race. To Groeteschele, nuclear war, like any other war, must have a victor and a loser, and the millions who might die in such a war are the price to be paid to end the Soviet threat.
USAF early warning radar indicates that an unidentified aircraft has intruded into American airspace. Shortly after, the intruder is identified as an off-course civilian airliner. However, a computer error causes one American bomber group, Group 6, to erroneously receive apparently valid orders for a nuclear attack on Moscow. Attempts to rescind this order fail because a new Soviet countermeasure jams American radio communications. Colonel Jack Grady, the group's commander, obeys the order, and Group 6 starts flying their "Vindicator" bombers over the Arctic towards Moscow.
The President of the United States attempts to recall the bombers or shoot them down. Groeteschele is called on to advise the President. Though the military—including Black—warns the President that the Soviets will retaliate with everything they have, Groeteschele insists that the Russians will surrender when Group 6 reaches Moscow. American fighters scramble to intercept the Vindicators but, using their afterburners, they run out of fuel before they can reach Group 6 and plunge into the Arctic waters.
Communications are opened with the Soviet leader. The jamming ceases, but the crew follows their training, dismissing the counter-orders as a Soviet ruse. General Bogan advises the Russians on how to trigger the Vindicators' defense missiles. The President struggles to find a solution that will avert a nuclear holocaust. He orders an American nuclear bomber to fly towards New York City to bomb it if necessary, despite knowing that the First Lady is there.
The Soviets destroy most of Group 6, but miss both Grady's plane and a second decoy plane, carrying only defensive weapons. The second plane draws Soviet aircraft away from Grady, despite Bogan's desperate pleas to the Soviets, allowing Grady to evade their defenses.
The Russians, in desperation, fire all their weapons in the path of the remaining Vindicator. As Grady nears Moscow, the Americans are finally able to reach him via radio. Both the President and Grady's own wife desperately urge him to break off the attack. As Grady wavers, a salvo of Russian missiles targets his plane. Grady decoys them with the last of his defensive missiles, causing them to detonate far above him, though Grady knows that his crew has received a fatal dose of radiation. Grady dismisses the pleas as a trick.
The President remains in contact with the American ambassador in Moscow until the telephone line abruptly cuts off with a loud squeal. He then orders General Black, whose wife and children live in New York City, to fly over the city and bomb it, using the Empire State Building as ground zero. After obeying, Black kills himself. As he dies, he calls out to his doomed wife telling her that he has at last learned the meaning of his recurring dream: "The Matador, the Matador ... me ... me."
The last moments of the film show images of people in New York going about their daily lives, unaware of the coming disaster.
Cast
Henry Fonda as the President of the United States
Dan O'Herlihy as Brigadier General Warren A. "Blackie" Black, USAF
Walter Matthau as Professor Groeteschele
Frank Overton as General Bogan, USAF
Fritz Weaver as Colonel Cascio, USAF
Edward Binns as Colonel Jack Grady, USAF
Larry Hagman as Buck, the President's interpreter
William Hansen as Defense Secretary Swenson
Russell Hardie as General Stark
Russell Collins as Gordon Knapp
Sorrell Booke as Congressman Raskob
Nancy Berg as Ilsa Woolfe
John Connell as Thomas
Frank Simpson as Sullivan
Hildy Parks as Betty Black
Janet Ward as Helen Grady
Dom DeLuise as Master Sergeant Collins, USAF
Dana Elcar as Mr. Foster
Stewart Germain as Mr. Cascio
Louise Larabee as Mrs. Cascio
Frieda Altman as Mrs. Jennie Johnson
Production
The film was shot in black and white, in a dramatic, theatrical style with claustrophobic close-ups, sharp shadows and ponderous silences between several characters. Except for radio background during a scene at an Air Force base in Alaska, there is no original music score (only the electronic sound effects act as the film's main and end title music). With few exceptions, the action takes place largely in the White House underground bunker, the Pentagon war conference room, the SAC war room, and a single bomber cockpit (a "Vindicator bomber"). Shots of normal daily life are seen only after the title opening credits and in the final scene depicting an ordinary New York City day, its residents entirely unsuspecting of their imminent destruction, each scene ending with a freeze-frame shot at the moment of impact.
The character of Groeteschele was inspired, according to Lumet's audio commentary on the film, by military strategist Herman Kahn.
The "Vindicator" bombers (an invention of the novelists) are sometimes represented in the film with stock footage of Convair B-58 Hustlers. Fighters sent to attack the bombers are illustrated by film clips of the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, Convair F-102 Delta Dagger, Dassault Mirage III and McDonnell F-101 Voodoo. Stock footage was used because the Air Force declined to cooperate in the production, disliking the premise of a lack of control over nuclear strike forces. The scene depicting bombers taking off was stock footage of a single B-58 takeoff edited to look like several bombers taking off in succession. A nightmare quality is imparted to many of the flying sequences by depicting the planes in photographic negative. In several of the negative sequences the "Soviet interceptors" were actually French-built Mirage fighters with Israeli markings.
Reception
When Fail Safe opened in October 1964, it garnered excellent reviews, but its box office performance was poor. Its failure rested with the similarity between it and the nuclear war satire Dr. Strangelove, which had appeared in theaters first, in January 1964. Still, the film later was applauded as a Cold War thriller. The novel sold through to the 1980s and 1990s, and the film was given high marks for retaining the essence of the novel. Over the years, both the novel and the movie were well received for their depiction of a nuclear crisis, despite many critical reviews rejecting the notion that a breakdown in communication could result in the erroneous go-command depicted in the novel and the movie.
Lawsuit
Fail Safe and Dr. Strangelove were both produced in the period after the Cuban Missile Crisis, when people became much more sensitive to the threat of nuclear war. Fail Safe so closely resembled Peter George's novel Red Alert, on which Dr. Strangelove was based, that Dr. Strangelove screenwriter/director Stanley Kubrick and George filed a copyright infringement lawsuit. The case was settled out of court. The result of the settlement was that Columbia Pictures, which had financed and was distributing Dr. Strangelove, also bought Fail Safe, which had been an independently financed production. Kubrick insisted that the studio release his movie first.
See also
The Bedford Incident, a 1965 film based on a novel about an engagement between an American destroyer and a Soviet submarine in the North Atlantic.
By Dawn's Early Light, a 1990 TV film based on the novel Trinity's Child by William Prochnau, about an accidental nuclear attack on the US and the subsequent desperate attempts to avoid nuclear annihilation.
References
Notes
Bibliography
Dolan Edward F. Jr. Hollywood Goes to War. London: Bison Books, 1985. .
Evans, Alun. Brassey's Guide to War Films. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books, 2000. .
Harwick, Jack and Ed Schnepf. "A Viewer's Guide to Aviation Movies". The Making of the Great Aviation Films, General Aviation Series, Volume 2, 1989.
LoBrutto, Vincent. Stanley Kubrick: A Biography. New York: Da Capo Press, 1999. .
External links
Fail Safe: Very Little Left of the World an essay by Bilge Ebiri at the Criterion Collection
1964 films
1960s thriller films
American films
American political thriller films
Apocalyptic films
American black-and-white films
Cold War aviation films
Columbia Pictures films
English-language films
Films about fictional presidents of the United States
Films about nuclear war and weapons
Films based on American novels
Films based on military novels
Films based on thriller novels
Films directed by Sidney Lumet
Films set in 1964
Films set in Nebraska
Films set in Washington, D.C.
Films set on airplanes
Films about the United States Air Force
Films about World War III
Films with screenplays by Walter Bernstein
Films set in the Arctic
Films set in Moscow
Films set in New York City | [
-0.36877304315567017,
0.3031601011753082,
-0.8197503089904785,
0.11513504385948181,
0.8024311065673828,
-0.038489241153001785,
0.9011485576629639,
-0.4043133556842804,
-0.039439693093299866,
0.2882830500602722,
-0.21060016751289368,
0.7274506092071533,
-0.6644137501716614,
0.11815336346626282,
0.08013533800840378,
-0.14539389312267303,
0.834022581577301,
-0.08447152376174927,
0.17309588193893433,
-0.46822816133499146,
-0.5825609564781189,
-0.393667995929718,
0.5783999562263489,
-0.14262594282627106,
-0.30709993839263916,
-0.030166560783982277,
0.003829252440482378,
-0.02842453494668007,
0.31800758838653564,
0.3064718544483185,
0.25536736845970154,
-0.30987071990966797,
0.06319813430309296,
-0.19451920688152313,
0.01900285854935646,
0.8431146740913391,
-0.3417696952819824,
0.6531546115875244,
-0.2085142433643341,
-0.24945583939552307,
0.5183083415031433,
0.07947017252445221,
0.07768382132053375,
-0.1403098702430725,
-0.30517780780792236,
-0.19179339706897736,
-1.2789348363876343,
-0.4227841794490814,
-0.3630872964859009,
-0.6548633575439453,
0.13076183199882507,
0.894436776638031,
-0.03953368216753006,
-0.4529143273830414,
0.023781826719641685,
0.5167300701141357,
0.10406388342380524,
-0.222651869058609,
-0.3487752377986908,
-0.022622011601924896,
0.24773161113262177,
-0.16100575029850006,
0.2851606607437134,
0.43884143233299255,
-0.18636707961559296,
0.45498594641685486,
-0.06954899430274963,
0.08418695628643036,
0.20201413333415985,
-0.6909840703010559,
-0.14227081835269928,
0.0413391999900341,
0.12445291131734848,
-0.4678484797477722,
0.33507245779037476,
-0.2085215300321579,
0.6144195199012756,
-0.05821431055665016,
-0.39408305287361145,
-0.2847200632095337,
-0.05576420575380325,
0.1180533766746521,
0.17987802624702454,
0.45789745450019836,
-0.031064266338944435,
-0.4828607439994812,
-0.004979427438229322,
0.889276921749115,
-0.021288184449076653,
0.855730414390564,
-0.32606297731399536,
-0.36937493085861206,
0.4119109809398651,
0.0808626115322113,
0.09087751805782318,
-0.1434452086687088,
-0.3519138991832733,
0.17787812650203705,
0.6716280579566956,
-0.4392350912094116,
0.2904341518878937,
0.058713436126708984,
-0.27520453929901123,
-0.45638859272003174,
-0.613720715045929,
0.4264465868473053,
0.35680967569351196,
-0.32416290044784546,
-0.5041618943214417,
0.2585776448249817,
0.021510249003767967,
0.35701897740364075,
-0.14845889806747437,
-0.08389617502689362,
-0.40011435747146606,
0.7003570199012756,
0.030817249789834023,
-0.8437641263008118,
-0.45405662059783936,
0.3311554193496704,
0.5759682059288025,
0.5962764620780945,
-0.4744641184806824,
0.26768967509269714,
0.2404347062110901,
0.5062844753265381,
0.008035030215978622,
0.7074286937713623,
-0.3676268458366394,
0.5038127303123474,
-0.37999820709228516,
0.7681573629379272,
-0.39725229144096375,
0.58803391456604,
-0.5844776034355164,
-0.018242303282022476,
0.7202791571617126,
-0.11388228833675385,
-0.5335176587104797,
-0.26239457726478577,
-0.57180255651474,
0.33750805258750916,
-0.26429951190948486,
0.10943702608346939,
0.4625474512577057,
0.05125961825251579,
0.40512195229530334,
0.13552530109882355,
0.04791383445262909,
0.12168712168931961,
0.34075838327407837,
-0.47802862524986267,
0.01607726328074932,
-0.4186290204524994,
-0.6327173709869385,
0.717796802520752,
0.2854929566383362,
0.16574695706367493,
-0.0711144432425499,
0.17577193677425385,
0.16517406702041626,
0.2624378502368927,
-0.20005548000335693,
-0.16288338601589203,
0.42215919494628906,
-0.11110762506723404,
0.48227012157440186,
-0.5536461472511292,
0.3532220125198364,
0.2616804242134094,
0.16384930908679962,
0.2999773919582367,
0.2948252260684967,
-0.14877158403396606,
-0.2846080958843231,
0.004677451215684414,
0.6904883980751038,
1.1364033222198486,
0.3452894389629364,
-0.23865605890750885,
-0.597866415977478,
-0.20532140135765076,
0.07682961225509644,
-0.037425462156534195,
0.6166631579399109,
0.3467424809932709,
0.18139483034610748,
-0.17091220617294312,
-0.6825605034828186,
0.04573351889848709,
-0.5821142196655273,
-0.30924612283706665,
0.5631694793701172,
-0.36277449131011963,
0.9909595847129822,
-0.1028948724269867,
0.07030719518661499,
0.3669380843639374,
0.022710317745804787,
0.5321571230888367,
0.3123813569545746,
-0.1638004332780838,
0.5313624143600464,
0.06105339154601097,
-0.09148205071687698,
0.334476500749588,
0.1376621127128601,
0.5536049008369446,
-0.01715020090341568,
0.18225868046283722,
0.34178900718688965,
-0.10681796818971634,
0.2026996612548828,
0.371336966753006,
0.5644062161445618,
0.17149017751216888,
-0.8094889521598816,
-0.1670166254043579,
0.21898236870765686,
-0.052502602338790894,
0.2656404376029968,
-0.07565082609653473,
-0.04257209971547127,
0.13732871413230896,
-0.05116856470704079,
0.5166894793510437,
0.39164990186691284,
-0.2031601369380951,
0.2881375551223755,
-0.18929828703403473,
-0.602116048336029,
0.13468730449676514,
-0.22733065485954285,
-0.1329275667667389,
0.18598976731300354,
0.0680805966258049,
-0.16911916434764862,
-0.19618958234786987,
0.20373398065567017,
0.3137124478816986,
0.3755313456058502,
0.09621682018041611,
-0.6431906223297119,
0.8072779774665833,
0.01141769252717495,
-0.36824068427085876,
0.6720986366271973,
-0.18575900793075562,
0.01720394566655159,
-0.01303776539862156,
-0.27496615052223206,
0.274929940700531,
0.3610454797744751,
-0.17609813809394836,
0.1503891497850418,
0.3197149336338043,
-0.13025185465812683,
-0.07557069510221481,
0.022124378010630608,
-0.3475917875766754,
0.15763452649116516,
0.6833236217498779,
0.4385370910167694,
0.11781855672597885,
-0.3104879558086395,
-0.3996833562850952,
-1.0572158098220825,
-0.3474496304988861,
-0.2851310968399048,
-0.2300710380077362,
-0.06741679459810257,
-0.3530529737472534,
-0.309352308511734,
0.6565754413604736,
0.4014829993247986,
-0.316130667924881,
-0.004128154832869768,
1.0555408000946045,
-0.571404218673706,
-0.04981520399451256,
0.8117694854736328,
0.764882504940033,
-0.00018529262160882354,
-0.4678303897380829,
-0.05902727693319321,
0.09183675050735474,
-0.15211991965770721,
-0.09183423966169357,
-0.4300018548965454,
-0.6472753882408142,
0.1596621721982956,
0.12420415133237839,
-0.5282513499259949,
-0.42692670226097107,
-0.4787103831768036,
0.6079649925231934,
-0.15079011023044586,
0.5425462126731873,
0.234454944729805,
0.8402104377746582,
0.01496073603630066,
0.6825677752494812,
-0.014591057784855366,
-0.13485775887966156,
0.5009010434150696,
-0.16917675733566284,
0.2483881711959839,
-0.6121833324432373,
-5.612790584564209,
0.31596997380256653,
0.5677999258041382,
0.04273214563727379,
0.5306036472320557,
-0.0053832922130823135,
0.3423888683319092,
-0.34103748202323914,
0.26133811473846436,
-0.21215185523033142,
-0.28484296798706055,
-0.24086572229862213,
-0.26990988850593567,
0.14568902552127838,
0.14332231879234314,
-0.32712966203689575,
0.6674069166183472,
-0.3673531413078308,
0.32430315017700195,
0.0012490159133449197,
-0.007361875381320715,
-0.19199639558792114,
0.4368230998516083,
-0.0448216050863266,
-0.23623616993427277,
1.2196705341339111,
-0.31798091530799866,
0.42836669087409973,
-0.37764254212379456,
0.10979922115802765,
-0.15656247735023499,
-0.019450530409812927,
-0.12563152611255646,
-0.5311064124107361,
-0.3467390239238739,
0.0709574744105339,
0.3747357428073883,
-0.1287277638912201,
0.6551786065101624,
-0.17705585062503815,
-0.30630365014076233,
0.11046447604894638,
-0.27619025111198425,
0.5370630621910095,
0.44911593198776245,
-0.546087384223938,
-0.18971854448318481,
-0.7531788349151611,
0.44442200660705566,
0.7822780013084412,
0.096986323595047,
0.42336368560791016,
0.36438989639282227,
0.1114962175488472,
0.3275281488895416,
-0.06644660979509354,
-0.052731722593307495,
0.414922297000885,
-0.1142590120434761,
0.36371108889579773,
-0.07086653262376785,
0.24311043322086334,
-0.07920529693365097,
-0.814106822013855,
0.42223402857780457,
-0.3375943899154663,
0.1347823590040207,
-0.23621398210525513,
-0.13321219384670258,
-0.03985363990068436,
-0.22773508727550507,
0.6344392895698547,
0.2583998143672943,
-1.0223965644836426,
-0.08988071233034134,
0.1496722251176834,
0.17475563287734985,
-0.5131729245185852,
-0.11063186079263687,
-0.375667005777359,
-0.24276742339134216,
-0.09011933207511902,
-0.01727353222668171,
0.30260205268859863,
0.17829380929470062,
-0.25578227639198303,
0.3607521653175354,
0.6043321490287781,
-0.24397121369838715,
-0.2314932644367218,
0.6342225074768066,
-0.24286258220672607,
-0.36213526129722595,
0.6084740161895752,
0.22254090011119843,
0.643814206123352,
0.2782716751098633,
-0.031306955963373184,
0.4887911379337311,
-0.14618012309074402,
-0.6295259594917297,
-0.7516303658485413,
0.1838081181049347,
-1.1031358242034912,
-0.5973830223083496,
-0.5089778900146484,
-0.3501218259334564,
0.7332428693771362,
0.08529805392026901,
-0.12828093767166138,
-0.006049022544175386,
-0.17761287093162537,
-0.16409066319465637,
-0.39381226897239685,
0.29592132568359375,
-0.3451017439365387,
-0.12764155864715576,
0.3742866814136505,
0.36174526810646057,
0.27241191267967224,
0.09485501050949097,
0.6251983046531677,
0.26081210374832153,
-0.4064319431781769,
-0.14423297345638275,
-0.17591924965381622,
0.20915371179580688,
0.1429414600133896,
-0.040572669357061386,
0.04025023430585861,
-0.5258046984672546,
0.5041094422340393,
-0.2621416747570038,
-0.1473761945962906,
0.6495883464813232,
-0.7900330424308777,
-0.43665415048599243,
0.6638030409812927,
-0.14968927204608917,
0.23552818596363068,
0.038491297513246536,
-0.16309742629528046,
-0.28322306275367737,
0.041031576693058014,
-0.6468583345413208,
-0.29080015420913696,
0.5324916243553162,
-0.20510829985141754,
0.54029381275177,
-0.10768831521272659,
-0.09014365077018738,
-0.4529896676540375,
0.7106108665466309,
-1.0452463626861572,
-0.13845664262771606,
0.24314437806606293,
0.4821486175060272,
-0.6133734583854675,
-0.3150254786014557,
-0.34476152062416077,
0.3871023952960968,
0.32571494579315186,
-1.0764100551605225,
0.43553000688552856,
0.03563231974840164,
-0.1283368170261383,
-0.15839974582195282,
-1.0566987991333008,
-0.29629582166671753,
0.5117267966270447,
-0.08989082276821136,
0.2906210720539093,
0.17339128255844116,
0.32291752099990845,
-0.14094685018062592,
0.6749953627586365,
-0.29275447130203247,
-0.7026718854904175,
-0.02502625063061714,
-0.24769914150238037,
0.04139433056116104,
-0.20756205916404724,
-0.8734251856803894,
0.5452037453651428,
0.2637551426887512,
-1.1292128562927246,
-1.0236356258392334,
0.07215564697980881,
-0.7965277433395386,
-0.15263505280017853,
0.1512252241373062,
0.0377928726375103,
0.648203432559967,
0.026994885876774788,
-0.4743747413158417,
-0.34225544333457947,
-0.47543224692344666,
0.5480107069015503,
-0.1772521436214447,
-0.0016412680270150304,
0.14759615063667297,
0.1125950962305069,
-0.5776230096817017,
-0.09935995936393738,
-0.061590805649757385,
-0.9364409446716309,
0.2335389256477356,
0.7497843503952026,
-0.3145109713077545,
0.6962661147117615,
-0.513899028301239,
-0.7317480444908142,
-0.12229779362678528,
-0.0010373344412073493,
-0.42127832770347595,
-0.230723038315773,
0.011472943238914013,
-0.20617376267910004,
-0.39848053455352783,
-0.04822300001978874,
-0.8753252625465393,
-0.5402719378471375,
-0.3681980073451996,
-0.2636231780052185,
-1.0169144868850708,
0.20004890859127045,
0.38646480441093445,
-0.273491233587265,
0.18562673032283783,
-0.28787708282470703,
-0.8091431856155396,
-0.27300745248794556,
0.3106344938278198,
-0.39681047201156616,
-0.37039926648139954,
-0.16676385700702667,
0.28682854771614075,
0.24781815707683563,
-0.16667777299880981,
-0.09415915608406067,
0.36644312739372253,
0.774013340473175,
0.3309635519981384,
-0.19892334938049316,
0.0745919868350029,
0.1296013593673706,
0.0584716796875,
-0.41425901651382446,
-0.032832272350788116,
0.3672002851963043,
0.10535595566034317,
0.3238007426261902,
-0.41564518213272095,
-0.6629166007041931,
0.7366233468055725,
-0.7346338033676147,
0.22312556207180023,
-0.16878049075603485,
0.06427808105945587,
-0.24640274047851562,
-0.09715990722179413,
0.3060232400894165,
-0.9334279298782349,
-0.008174206130206585,
-0.32336896657943726,
0.2871965169906616,
0.2865588366985321,
-0.4047650992870331,
0.05272417888045311,
-0.3121587038040161,
0.2623738944530487,
-0.43859973549842834,
0.4341786205768585,
0.5481279492378235,
-0.6573753356933594,
0.010702853091061115,
-0.3678649365901947,
-0.39020195603370667,
-0.3204769492149353,
0.1785748451948166,
-0.6872845888137817,
0.4917149841785431,
-0.2824658155441284,
-0.9230954647064209,
-0.30592024326324463,
-1.1149935722351074,
0.19727575778961182,
-0.1742430478334427,
-0.5581444501876831,
0.08329056948423386,
-0.7373774647712708,
-0.05337992310523987,
-0.9456906914710999,
-0.3503727912902832,
-0.1686931997537613,
-0.3835355043411255,
-0.6263010501861572,
0.5618403553962708,
-0.7900823354721069,
0.1396186798810959,
-0.5425321459770203,
0.0008912410703487694,
-0.23902401328086853,
-0.07272443175315857,
0.1896263211965561,
0.3417389988899231,
-0.05220706760883331,
-0.12575212121009827,
0.1083512231707573,
0.2937670946121216,
-0.40990734100341797,
-0.4062051773071289,
0.08128245174884796,
0.7692579030990601,
-0.5669206380844116,
-0.044241536408662796,
0.5921804904937744,
-0.3941187262535095,
0.04373447969555855,
0.08102510869503021,
0.021198054775595665,
-0.2559655010700226,
0.4131869375705719,
-0.26008814573287964,
-0.44703516364097595,
0.6089027523994446,
0.103081613779068,
0.22953899204730988,
0.42740345001220703,
0.2952893078327179,
0.6733936667442322,
0.04808467999100685,
0.15986280143260956,
0.6180931329727173,
-0.6771081686019897,
-0.030304040759801865,
0.10805699974298477,
-0.8297318816184998,
0.26616302132606506,
0.10160042345523834,
-0.0011709516402333975,
-0.11662006378173828,
0.49653634428977966,
-0.10329476743936539,
-0.21272698044776917,
0.05313540995121002,
0.575164794921875,
-0.014692476019263268,
0.08229564875364304,
-0.1323665976524353,
0.07866445928812027,
0.22161909937858582,
-0.2921842038631439,
-0.2661289572715759,
0.6022574305534363,
-0.16836285591125488,
0.4617750942707062,
0.33017873764038086,
0.22826232016086578,
-0.26997965574264526,
-0.16408295929431915,
-0.44751206040382385,
0.48634085059165955,
0.37693268060684204,
0.32261940836906433,
0.06436606496572495,
-0.05264673009514809,
-0.5484354496002197,
0.41421470046043396,
0.06224369630217552,
-0.01701970025897026,
0.38458165526390076,
0.3772401213645935,
0.38584306836128235,
0.7041829824447632,
0.6370618939399719,
-0.1426563411951065,
0.3169586956501007,
-0.2105487436056137,
-0.011073003523051739,
-0.2518458962440491,
0.8313673734664917,
-0.8355035185813904,
-0.509904146194458,
-0.324800968170166,
0.1912507265806198,
-0.22695963084697723,
-0.020328709855675697,
0.7570763230323792,
-0.7327142953872681,
0.4253188371658325,
-0.5208095908164978,
-0.4796406328678131,
0.2798067629337311,
-0.1311206817626953,
-0.21838027238845825,
-0.08264079689979553,
0.32263651490211487,
0.18889161944389343,
0.7748419642448425,
0.4088839888572693,
-0.014122341759502888,
-0.30154916644096375,
0.8904353976249695,
-0.0823611468076706,
0.14783501625061035,
-0.45703399181365967,
0.5972421765327454,
-0.8042538166046143,
0.04553677886724472,
0.49963247776031494,
0.36190155148506165,
0.1115279495716095,
0.6733083128929138,
0.07757201790809631,
-0.5013269782066345,
0.8241167664527893,
0.03174853324890137,
0.0766255334019661,
-0.10943518579006195,
-0.1484292894601822,
-0.6308826804161072,
-0.06361649185419083,
-0.3809572756290436,
-0.2817441523075104,
-0.08993776887655258,
0.1665205955505371,
-0.2935445308685303,
-0.2282351851463318,
0.4178483486175537,
0.08313053846359253,
-0.35025137662887573,
0.3893861770629883,
0.11296285688877106,
-0.35939374566078186,
-0.17753750085830688,
0.7530466914176941,
0.39335954189300537,
0.3008194863796234,
-0.5045467019081116,
0.24626335501670837,
-0.22372886538505554,
0.1837252974510193,
0.24020788073539734,
0.17714844644069672,
-0.5146337151527405,
-0.2543550431728363,
-0.7067941427230835,
0.42058804631233215,
0.6833161115646362,
-0.19056430459022522,
-0.32895204424858093,
-0.1878538578748703,
-0.4359338581562042,
-0.5051754117012024,
0.4866445064544678,
0.1326798051595688,
-0.17035610973834991,
0.28350749611854553,
-0.030617209151387215
]
|
123468 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme%20Court%20of%20Canada | Supreme Court of Canada | The Supreme Court of Canada (SCC; , CSC) is the highest court in the judicial system of Canada. It comprises nine justices, whose decisions are the ultimate application of Canadian law, and grants permission to between 40 and 75 litigants each year to appeal decisions rendered by provincial, territorial and federal appellate courts. The Supreme Court is bijural, hearing cases from two major legal traditions (common law and civil law) and bilingual, hearing cases in both official languages of Canada (English and French).
The effects of any judicial decision on the common law, on the interpretation of statutes, or on any other application of law, can, in effect, be nullified by legislation, unless the particular decision of the court in question involves application of the Canadian Constitution, in which case, the decision (in most cases) is completely binding on the legislative branch. This is especially true of decisions which touch upon the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which cannot be altered by the legislative branch unless the decision is overridden pursuant to section 33 (the "notwithstanding clause").
History
The creation of the Supreme Court of Canada was provided for by the British North America Act, 1867, renamed in 1982 the Constitution Act, 1867. The first bills for the creation of a federal supreme court, introduced in the Parliament of Canada in 1869 and in 1870, were withdrawn. It was not until 8 April 1875 that a bill was finally passed providing for the creation of a Supreme Court of Canada.
However, prior to 1949, the Supreme Court did not constitute the court of last resort: litigants could appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in London. Some cases could bypass
the Supreme Court and go directly to the Judicial Committee from the provincial courts of appeal. The Supreme Court formally became the court of last resort for criminal appeals in 1933 and for all other appeals in 1949. The last decisions of the Judicial Committee on cases from Canada were made in the mid-1950s, for cases that had first been heard in a court of first instance prior to 1949.
The increase in the importance of the Supreme Court was mirrored by the numbers of its members; it was established first with six judges, and these were augmented by an additional member in 1927. In 1949, the bench reached its current composition of nine justices.
Prior to 1949, most of the appointees to the court owed their position to political patronage. Each judge had strong ties to the party in power at the time of their appointment. In 1973, the appointment of a constitutional law professor Bora Laskin as chief justice represented a major turning point for the court. Increasingly in this period, appointees either came from academic backgrounds or were well-respected practitioners with several years experience in appellate courts. Laskin's federalist and liberal views were shared by Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, who recommended Laskin's appointment to the court.
The Constitution Act, 1982, greatly expanded the role of the court in Canadian society by the addition of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which greatly broadened the scope of judicial review. The evolution from the Dickson court (1984–90) through to the Lamer court (1990–2000) witnessed a continuing vigour in the protection of civil liberties. Lamer's criminal law background proved an influence on the number of criminal cases heard by the Court during his time as chief justice. Nonetheless, the Lamer court was more conservative with Charter rights, with only about a 1% success rate for Charter claimants.
Lamer was succeeded as the chief justice by Beverley McLachlin in January 2000. She was the first woman to hold that position. McLachlin's appointment resulted in a more centrist and unified court. Dissenting and concurring opinions were fewer than during the Dickson and Lamer courts. With the 2005 appointments of puisne justices Louise Charron and Rosalie Abella, the court became the world's most gender-balanced national high court with four of its nine members being female. Justice Marie Deschamps' retirement on 7 August 2012 caused the number to fall to three; however, the appointment of Suzanne Côté on 1 December 2014 restored the number to four. After serving on the court for ( as chief justice), McLachlin retired in December 2017. Her successor as the chief justice is Richard Wagner.
Along with the German Federal Constitutional Court and the European Court of Human Rights, the Supreme Court of Canada is one of the three most frequently cited courts in the world.
Canadian judiciary
The structure of the Canadian court system is pyramidal, a broad base being formed by the various provincial and territorial courts whose judges are appointed by the provincial or territorial governments. At the next level are the provincial and territorial superior trial courts, where judges are appointed by the federal government. Judgments from the superior courts may be appealed to a still higher level, the provincial or territorial superior courts of appeal.
Several federal courts also exist: the Tax Court, the Federal Court, the Federal Court of Appeal, and the Court Martial Appeal Court. Unlike the provincial superior courts, which exercise inherent or general jurisdiction, the jurisdiction of federal courts and provincially appointed provincial courts are limited by statute. In all, there are over 1,000 federally appointed judges at various levels across Canada.
Appellate process
The Supreme Court rests at the apex of the judicial pyramid. This institution hears appeals from the provincial courts of last resort, usually the provincial or territorial courts of appeal, and the Federal Court of Appeal, although in some matters appeals come straight from the trial courts, as in the case of publication bans and other orders that are otherwise not appealable.
In most cases, permission to appeal must first be obtained from the court. Motions for leave to appeal to the court are generally heard by a panel of three of its judges and a simple majority is determinative. By convention, this panel never explains why it grants or refuses leave in any particular case, but the court typically hears cases of national importance or where the case allows it to settle an important issue of law. Leave is rarely granted, meaning that for most litigants, provincial courts of appeal are courts of last resort. But leave to appeal is not required for some cases, primarily criminal cases in which at least one appellate judge (on the relevant provincial court of appeal) dissented on a point of law, and appeals from provincial references.
A final source of cases is the referral power of the federal government. In such cases, the Supreme Court is required to give an opinion on questions referred to it by the Governor in Council (the Cabinet). However, in many cases, including the most recent same-sex marriage reference, the Supreme Court has declined to answer a question from the Cabinet. In that case, the court said it would not decide if same-sex marriages were required by the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, because the government had announced it would change the law regardless of its opinion, and subsequently did.
Constitutional interpretation
The Supreme Court thus performs a unique function. It can be asked by the Governor-in-Council to hear references considering important questions of law. Such referrals may concern the constitutionality or interpretation of federal or provincial legislation, or the division of powers between federal and provincial spheres of government. Any point of law may be referred in this manner. However, the Court is not often called upon to hear references. References have been used to re-examine criminal convictions that have concerned the country as in the cases of David Milgaard and Steven Truscott.
The Supreme Court has the ultimate power of judicial review over Canadian federal and provincial laws' constitutional validity. If a federal or provincial law has been held contrary to the division of power provisions of one of the various constitution acts, the legislature or parliament must either live with the result, amend the law so that it complies, or obtain an amendment to the constitution. If a law is declared contrary to certain sections of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Parliament or the provincial legislatures may make that particular law temporarily valid again against by using the "override power" of the notwithstanding clause. In one case, the Quebec National Assembly invoked this power to override a Supreme Court decision (Ford v Quebec (AG)) that held that one of Quebec's language laws banning the display of English commercial signs was inconsistent with the Charter. Saskatchewan has also used it to uphold its labour laws. This override power can be exercised for five years, after which time the override must be renewed or the decision comes into force.
In some cases, the court may stay the effect of its judgments so that unconstitutional laws continue in force for a period of time. Usually, this is done to give Parliament or a legislature sufficient time to enact a new replacement scheme of legislation. For example, in Reference Re Manitoba Language Rights, the court struck down Manitoba's laws because they were not enacted in the French language, as required by the Constitution. However, the Court stayed its judgment for five years to give Manitoba time to re-enact all its legislation in French. It turned out five years was insufficient so the court was asked, and agreed, to give more time.
Constitutional questions may, of course, also be raised in the normal case of appeals involving individual litigants, governments, government agencies or Crown corporations. In such cases the federal and provincial governments must be notified of any constitutional questions and may intervene to submit a brief and attend oral argument at the court. Usually the other governments are given the right to argue their case in the court, although on rare occasions this has been curtailed and prevented by order of one of the court's judges.
Sessions
The Supreme Court sits for 18 weeks of the year beginning the first Monday of October and usually runs until the end of June and sometimes into July. Hearings only take place in Ottawa, although litigants can present oral arguments from remote locations by means of a video-conference system. Hearings are open to the public. Most hearings are taped for delayed telecast in both of Canada's official languages. When in session, the court sits Monday to Friday, hearing two appeals a day. A quorum consists of five members for appeals, but a panel of nine justices hears most cases.
On the bench, the chief justice of Canada or, in his or her absence, the senior puisne justice, presides from the centre chair with the other justices seated to his or her right and left by order of seniority of appointment. At sittings, the justices usually appear in black silk robes but they wear their ceremonial robes of bright scarlet trimmed with Canadian white mink in court on special occasions and in the Senate at the opening of each new session of Parliament.
Counsel appearing before the court may use either English or French. The judges can also use either English or French. There is simultaneous translation available to the judges, counsel and to members of the public who are in the audience.
The decision of the court is sometimes – but rarely – rendered orally at the conclusion of the hearing. In these cases, the court may simply refer to the decision of the court below to explain its own reasons. In other cases, the court may announce its decision at the conclusion of the hearing, with reasons to follow. As well, in some cases, the court may not call on counsel for the respondent, if it has not been convinced by the arguments of counsel for the appellant. In very rare cases, the court may not call on counsel for the appellant and instead calls directly on counsel for the respondent. However, in most cases, the court hears from all counsel and then reserves judgment to enable the justices to write considered reasons. Decisions of the court need not be unanimous – a majority may decide, with dissenting reasons given by the minority. Each justice may write reasons in any case if he or she chooses to do so.
A puisne justice of the Supreme Court is referred to as The Honourable Mr/Madam Justice and the chief justice as Right Honourable. At one time, judges were addressed as "My Lord" or "My Lady" during sessions of the court, but it has since discouraged this style of address and has directed lawyers to use the simpler "Justice", "Mr Justice" or "Madam Justice". The designation "My Lord/My Lady" continues in many provincial superior courts and in the Federal Court of Canada and Federal Court of Appeal, where it is optional.
Every four years, the Judicial Compensation and Benefits Commission makes recommendations to the federal government about the salaries for federally appointed judges, including the judges of the Supreme Court. That recommendation is not legally binding on the federal government, but the federal government is generally required to comply with the recommendation unless there is a very good reason to not do so. The chief justice receives $370,300 while the puisne justices receive $342,800 annually.
Appointment of justices
Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada are appointed on the advice of the prime minister. The provinces and Parliament of Canada have no formal role in such appointments, sometimes a point of contention.
The Supreme Court Act limits eligibility for appointment to persons who have been judges of a superior court or members of the bar for ten or more years. Members of the bar or superior judiciary of Quebec, by law, must hold three of the nine positions on the Supreme Court of Canada. This is justified on the basis that Quebec uses civil law, rather than common law, as in the rest of the country. As explained in the reasons in Reference Re Supreme Court Act, ss. 5 and 6, sitting judges of the Federal Court and Federal Court of Appeal cannot be appointed to any of Quebec's three seats. By convention, the remaining six positions are divided in the following manner: three from Ontario; two from the western provinces, typically one from British Columbia and one from the prairie provinces, which rotate among themselves (although Alberta is known to cause skips in the rotation); and one from the Atlantic provinces, almost always from Nova Scotia or New Brunswick.
In 2006, an interview phase by an committee of members of Parliament was added. Justice Marshall Rothstein became the first justice to undergo the new process. The prime minister still has the final say on who becomes the candidate that is recommended to the governor general for appointment to the court. The government proposed an interview phase again in 2008, but a general election and minority parliament intervened with delays such that the Prime Minister recommended Justice Cromwell after consulting the leader of the Opposition.
As of August 2016, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau opened the process of application to change from the above-noted appointment process. Under the revised process, "[any] Canadian lawyer or judge who fits specified criteria can apply for a seat on the Supreme Court, through the Office of the Commissioner for Federal Judicial Affairs." Functional bilingualism is now a requirement.
Justices hold office during good behaviour, which formerly meant life tenure, however, since 1927, justices may sit on the bench until they reach the mandatory retirement age of 75. Justices may be removed on address of the Senate and House of Commons.
Current members
The current chief justice of Canada is Richard Wagner. He was appointed to the court as a puisne judge on 5 October 2012 and appointed chief justice, 18 December 2017. The nine justices of the Wagner Court are:
Notes
Length of tenure
The following graphical timeline depicts the length of each current justice's tenure on the Supreme Court (not their position in the court's order of precedence) as of .
Among the current justices, Michael Moldaver and Andromache Karakatsanis share the distinction of having the longest tenure, each, as they were both appointed puisne justice on the same day in October 2011. Richard Wagner's cumulative tenure is — as puisne justice, and as chief justice. Mahmud Jamal has the briefest tenure, having been appointed ago. The length of tenure for the other justices are: Suzanne Côté, ; Russell Brown, ; Malcom Rowe, ; Sheilah Martin, ; and Nicholas Kasirer, .
Rules of the court
The Rules of the Supreme Court of Canada are located on the laws-lois.justice.gc.ca website, as well as in the Canada Gazette, as SOR/2002-216 (plus amendments), made pursuant to subsection 97(1) of the Supreme Court Act. Fees and taxes are stipulated near the end.
Law clerks
Since 1967, the court has hired law clerks to assist in legal research. Between 1967 and 1982, each puisne justice was assisted by one law clerk and the chief justice had two. From 1982, the number was increased to two law clerks for each justice. Currently, each justice has up to four law clerks.
Law clerks conduct research, draft bench memoranda, and assist in drafting judgments, as well as any other research duties assigned by the law clerk's judge such as drafting speeches or articles.
Law clerks are usually newly-trained lawyers who have been both admitted to the bar in their respective provinces and completed their articles. Clerkships at the Supreme Court are prestigious positions within the Canadian legal community and are highly competitive, with each position receiving thousands of applications. Successful applicants usually have an excellent academic record and prior service on law reviews/journals during law school, along with an extensive record of legal publications. Akin to the United States, former Supreme Court clerks are highly sought after by private law firms for their rare experience, with many earning a substantial signing bonus above regular associates.
Building
The Supreme Court of Canada Building (), located just west of Parliament Hill at 301 Wellington Street on a bluff high above the Ottawa River in downtown Ottawa, is home to the Supreme Court of Canada. It also contains two courtrooms used by the Federal Court and the Federal Court of Appeal.
The building was designed by Ernest Cormier. The building is known for its Art Deco decorative details, including two candelabrum-style fluted metal lamp standards that flank the entrance, and the marble walls and floors of the grand interior lobby contrasting with the châteauesque roof. Construction began in 1939, with the cornerstone laid by Queen Elizabeth, consort to King George VI and later known as the Queen Mother. The court began hearing cases in the new building by January 1946.
In 2000, it was named by the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada as one of the top 500 buildings produced in Canada during the last millennium.
Canada Post Corporation issued a 'Supreme Court of Canada, Ottawa' stamp on 9 June 2011 as part of the Architecture Art Déco series.
Two flagstaffs have been erected in front of the building. A flag on one is flown daily, while the other is hoisted only on those days when the court is in session. Also located on the grounds are several statues, notably:
Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent by Elek Imredy 1976
Two statues by Canadian sculptor Walter S. Allward:
Statue of Veritas (Truth)
Statue of Justitia (Justice)
Inside there are busts of several chief justices:
John Robert Cartwright 1967–1970
Bora Laskin 1973–1983
Brian Dickson 1984–1990
Antonio Lamer 1990–2000
They were all sculpted by Kenneth Phillips Jarvis (1927–2007), Q.C., RCA, a retired Under Treasurer of the Law Society of Upper Canada.
Behind the building, along the cliff edge was once the home of hat maker R.J. Devlin at 41 Cliff Street, but demolished to make way for the court building.
The court was housed previously in two other locations in Ottawa:
Railway Committee Room and a number of other committee rooms at the Centre Block on Parliament Hill 1876–1889 – later used as official meeting space for the federal Opposition Party Room was destroyed in fire and replaced with room built in 1916.
Old Supreme Court building on Bank Street 1889–1945 – demolished in 1955 and used as parking for Parliament Hill
Cultural recognition
On 9 June 2011, Canada Post issued "Supreme Court of Canada, Ottawa" designed by Ivan Novotny (Taylor|Sprules Corporation) and based on a photograph by Philippe Landreville as part of the Art Deco series. The stamps feature a photo of the Supreme Court of Canada, designed by Ernest Cormier in 1939, and were printed by Lowe-Martin Company, Inc.
See also
Supreme Court of Canada cases
List of supreme courts by country
References
Further reading
External links
Supreme Court of Canada website
Supreme Court of Canada Library Catalogue
Opinions of the Supreme Court of Canada
searchable database of SCC decisions (to 1948, with select older cases) via CanLII
Supreme Court of Canada from www.marianopolis.edu
Explore the Virtual Charter—Charter of Rights website with video, audio and the Charter in more than twenty languages
The appointment process and reform
SCC building from official site
SCC Building
Art Deco architecture in Canada
Courthouses in Canada
Canadian appellate courts
Federal government buildings in Ottawa
Canada
Ernest Cormier buildings
Art Deco courthouses
1875 establishments in Canada
Buildings and structures completed in 1946
Courts and tribunals established in 1875 | [
0.4342082738876343,
0.7077504396438599,
-0.1599080115556717,
0.2983136475086212,
-0.31444570422172546,
0.2910742163658142,
0.28578490018844604,
0.8033508062362671,
-0.41942298412323,
-0.46528884768486023,
-0.17781957983970642,
0.3142228126525879,
0.08698724955320358,
0.22322334349155426,
-0.4549099802970886,
0.4160602390766144,
0.6536288857460022,
0.3809618353843689,
0.24310879409313202,
-0.9201787710189819,
-0.01791902258992195,
-0.23000194132328033,
0.3711862862110138,
0.13583257794380188,
0.4699850082397461,
0.08398448675870895,
0.24595005810260773,
0.6172550916671753,
-0.839765191078186,
0.2718640863895416,
0.20303471386432648,
0.21894274652004242,
0.2658594846725464,
-0.07959657162427902,
0.06524214148521423,
-0.08479690551757812,
-0.03681574761867523,
-0.1772945374250412,
-0.11558258533477783,
-0.7524451017379761,
0.558340847492218,
-0.5914313197135925,
-0.10869457572698593,
0.28801241517066956,
0.037453100085258484,
-0.13053977489471436,
-0.8926464915275574,
0.8601555824279785,
-0.6448428630828857,
0.5679135918617249,
-0.48287534713745117,
0.6108190417289734,
-0.5912485122680664,
-0.1632225066423416,
0.25065475702285767,
0.22776615619659424,
-0.22268790006637573,
0.45475611090660095,
-0.05598579719662666,
-0.3095015585422516,
0.24584618210792542,
0.4567829668521881,
0.10045284032821655,
0.423719197511673,
0.40262874960899353,
-0.07417655736207962,
0.3545066714286804,
-0.18633756041526794,
-0.6098212003707886,
0.31203603744506836,
-0.3869338035583496,
-0.24565474689006805,
0.49104517698287964,
0.41654935479164124,
-0.3943824768066406,
-0.007451758719980717,
0.097816102206707,
0.1327034831047058,
0.729231595993042,
0.08288595080375671,
0.26146218180656433,
0.2366715520620346,
0.1466512382030487,
0.12013017386198044,
0.04684605076909065,
0.29327869415283203,
-0.7395808696746826,
-0.44286614656448364,
-0.16743697226047516,
-0.09359279274940491,
-0.8911216855049133,
0.4970605671405792,
0.2581525146961212,
0.22735582292079926,
0.10170038044452667,
-0.19036351144313812,
0.6133412718772888,
-0.39151063561439514,
0.5090557932853699,
-0.023700613528490067,
0.04938039183616638,
-0.3170284628868103,
0.816713809967041,
0.21698176860809326,
0.005080262199044228,
0.08223707973957062,
-0.39425256848335266,
0.11024217307567596,
-0.5043761730194092,
0.09085329622030258,
-0.37851986289024353,
-0.10362643003463745,
-0.3956865072250366,
0.503438413143158,
-0.09683042019605637,
-0.21665100753307343,
0.2037777602672577,
-0.44604483246803284,
0.022387206554412842,
-0.053593456745147705,
-0.072284996509552,
-0.5979060530662537,
0.05393647029995918,
0.1286333203315735,
0.16477085649967194,
-0.2700512111186981,
0.19449597597122192,
-0.24994149804115295,
0.06536629050970078,
-0.2528209090232849,
-0.06791691482067108,
0.4927646815776825,
0.2287067472934723,
0.053702861070632935,
-0.24689561128616333,
0.1420753300189972,
-0.11952777951955795,
-0.3856956660747528,
0.5621986985206604,
0.0563054196536541,
-0.7615686058998108,
-0.7285857796669006,
0.041607845574617386,
-0.6659160256385803,
0.743147611618042,
-0.3159962296485901,
-0.3478739857673645,
-0.39583924412727356,
-0.5021939873695374,
-0.47515252232551575,
-0.013551435433328152,
0.2864542305469513,
-0.10664808005094528,
-0.7886279225349426,
0.5204645395278931,
0.5656865835189819,
0.9460776448249817,
0.06077481806278229,
-0.40249213576316833,
0.2684769630432129,
-0.3092908263206482,
0.1387336403131485,
0.8834018707275391,
-0.36764341592788696,
0.15905198454856873,
-0.23505590856075287,
0.10992244631052017,
-0.2461928278207779,
-0.5231415033340454,
0.4566112756729126,
-0.5970532298088074,
0.2640913724899292,
0.40920498967170715,
0.12035099416971207,
-0.6543539762496948,
-0.36399534344673157,
0.5867970585823059,
0.18349143862724304,
0.4525907635688782,
-0.48137280344963074,
-0.2778986692428589,
0.2446715235710144,
0.334336519241333,
-0.0482584610581398,
-0.5250028371810913,
0.031948771327733994,
0.6857669353485107,
0.0255032517015934,
0.06561969965696335,
0.1541762799024582,
-0.17423567175865173,
-0.41401949524879456,
0.3423428237438202,
-0.6017270684242249,
0.8745283484458923,
-0.34433209896087646,
-0.29910752177238464,
0.7803386449813843,
-0.5927260518074036,
0.8126057386398315,
-0.01547428872436285,
0.3420352041721344,
1.1581367254257202,
-0.2513640224933624,
-1.02126944065094,
0.3765506148338318,
-0.15992532670497894,
-0.046130355447530746,
0.22470739483833313,
-0.36866965889930725,
0.01763196289539337,
-0.3092162609100342,
-0.3151637315750122,
0.08628708869218826,
-0.18780192732810974,
-0.6103715896606445,
-0.616165041923523,
-0.3876095712184906,
-0.24294452369213104,
-0.44421935081481934,
0.6945240497589111,
-0.18381834030151367,
0.4387568533420563,
0.508621096611023,
-0.7259737253189087,
-0.080216184258461,
-0.385402113199234,
0.5318061709403992,
0.145367830991745,
0.05483822524547577,
0.40940001606941223,
0.13984540104866028,
0.8538368344306946,
-0.4545048177242279,
-0.10362673550844193,
-0.5879054069519043,
-0.1755528599023819,
0.2511872947216034,
0.7512460947036743,
0.5122979879379272,
-0.048771925270557404,
-0.3216121196746826,
-0.4483737349510193,
0.1556498259305954,
-0.15998713672161102,
-0.05355646833777428,
-0.614507257938385,
0.11270694434642792,
-0.09393707662820816,
0.32750868797302246,
0.5935258865356445,
-0.12603461742401123,
-0.13532619178295135,
0.11431602388620377,
0.2129492312669754,
-0.004792317748069763,
0.5573323965072632,
-0.059335753321647644,
-0.14223819971084595,
0.057199522852897644,
-0.6922677159309387,
-0.2629607915878296,
-0.3132132589817047,
-0.4495663046836853,
-0.474428653717041,
-0.5777171850204468,
-0.07322569191455841,
0.021772267296910286,
0.26051124930381775,
0.3370046019554138,
0.03164885938167572,
-0.33195221424102783,
0.27404969930648804,
0.030562857165932655,
0.19830858707427979,
0.17548079788684845,
0.31999778747558594,
-0.020958179607987404,
-0.4310323894023895,
-0.5926135778427124,
0.04457468539476395,
0.5611384510993958,
0.3643200099468231,
-0.18251697719097137,
0.36152711510658264,
-0.22778889536857605,
-0.21285848319530487,
-0.474902868270874,
-0.27079108357429504,
-0.09950478374958038,
-0.3048451542854309,
-0.0035517432261258364,
-0.1448957920074463,
-0.25704720616340637,
0.6362311840057373,
-0.054497163742780685,
0.23191019892692566,
0.3135959804058075,
0.09347888827323914,
-0.7415198683738708,
-0.202474907040596,
-0.07947549968957901,
0.2411195933818817,
0.29597148299217224,
0.4170837700366974,
0.2519535422325134,
-0.2042776346206665,
0.40742257237434387,
-5.539430141448975,
-0.2511254549026489,
-0.7907986640930176,
-0.837134838104248,
0.3888918459415436,
-0.44399547576904297,
0.2697299122810364,
-0.22730694711208344,
0.11749070882797241,
-0.7254664301872253,
0.045954663306474686,
0.1969159096479416,
0.5073137283325195,
0.46196186542510986,
0.2909488379955292,
0.35060742497444153,
-0.24867306649684906,
-0.2816009819507599,
0.030110761523246765,
0.3374815285205841,
0.8197659850120544,
-0.17456692457199097,
0.5655993819236755,
-0.7383276224136353,
0.41085085272789,
0.8335166573524475,
-0.32278114557266235,
0.35460594296455383,
-0.3856879770755768,
-0.8173874616622925,
-0.1304054707288742,
-0.4744161069393158,
-0.3450830280780792,
-0.9381681084632874,
-0.0710800290107727,
-0.3285755515098572,
0.6314166188240051,
0.48368337750434875,
0.4721482992172241,
0.13368476927280426,
-0.4584003686904907,
-0.4425864517688751,
0.1789313554763794,
0.4124910831451416,
0.2440916746854782,
-0.1300218552350998,
-0.6202983856201172,
0.18901458382606506,
-0.3634971082210541,
0.8348236680030823,
-0.2311563342809677,
0.36962541937828064,
-0.0055630821734666824,
0.06758377701044083,
-0.3850138485431671,
-0.38985469937324524,
0.24066698551177979,
-0.30869656801223755,
-0.7548242211341858,
0.1797158271074295,
0.1921868771314621,
-0.8829168677330017,
-0.27225610613822937,
-0.3922833800315857,
-0.058942582458257675,
-0.4781815707683563,
-0.4792427718639374,
0.41568323969841003,
0.9472693800926208,
0.07217416167259216,
0.34078249335289,
-0.13814210891723633,
-0.16605406999588013,
-0.8938320875167847,
-0.5019142031669617,
-0.45830675959587097,
0.25737351179122925,
0.029260894283652306,
0.44763296842575073,
0.352262943983078,
0.1240130215883255,
0.3009400963783264,
-0.8546578884124756,
-0.06319958716630936,
0.021641209721565247,
-0.14668628573417664,
-0.5284973978996277,
1.2871311902999878,
-0.23993371427059174,
0.14765815436840057,
-0.1843874752521515,
-0.477726012468338,
0.24346765875816345,
0.6308216452598572,
0.590923011302948,
-0.35457444190979004,
0.7032136917114258,
-0.12868709862232208,
-0.033042553812265396,
-0.7514113783836365,
0.32151591777801514,
-0.01488781999796629,
0.3078995645046234,
-1.26032292842865,
-0.4683549106121063,
-0.45456212759017944,
-0.5373603701591492,
0.4955594837665558,
-0.053690336644649506,
0.03350308910012245,
-0.637982189655304,
-0.27469515800476074,
-0.02996296063065529,
-0.19554856419563293,
0.41420742869377136,
-0.1745508760213852,
-0.9523561596870422,
0.39910775423049927,
0.5600553750991821,
0.3180563747882843,
-0.10569141060113907,
-0.18365678191184998,
0.21109771728515625,
0.7204239964485168,
-0.7311620116233826,
-0.14700333774089813,
0.42862847447395325,
-0.029302328824996948,
-0.2724321186542511,
0.045876313000917435,
0.22825253009796143,
-0.08401656895875931,
0.2707475423812866,
0.4606267809867859,
0.16294516623020172,
0.17824234068393707,
0.19731619954109192,
0.22245554625988007,
0.5707565546035767,
-0.30265694856643677,
0.35869887471199036,
0.346362441778183,
-0.022751381620764732,
0.23540730774402618,
0.39704009890556335,
0.4468103051185608,
-0.6687121391296387,
0.5226283073425293,
0.27849531173706055,
0.5025579333305359,
-0.09859731048345566,
-0.08668584376573563,
-0.001969039672985673,
-0.38710010051727295,
0.23841243982315063,
-0.5587067604064941,
-0.3638648986816406,
0.26530489325523376,
0.26616817712783813,
-0.3208822011947632,
0.37987953424453735,
-0.19282078742980957,
-0.42251336574554443,
-0.6917870044708252,
0.2033904492855072,
-0.22500917315483093,
-0.8167895078659058,
0.18120941519737244,
-0.25621458888053894,
0.2936502993106842,
-0.10634493082761765,
-0.48137181997299194,
-0.5541797876358032,
0.1649915874004364,
0.7621572017669678,
0.04077393561601639,
0.3020891845226288,
0.21990181505680084,
0.11774490773677826,
0.711677074432373,
-0.2829241156578064,
-0.5496026277542114,
-0.03932994604110718,
0.6054056882858276,
0.2686258852481842,
-0.16568587720394135,
-0.11271096020936966,
0.13428127765655518,
0.688791036605835,
0.10764403641223907,
0.5233107209205627,
-0.23384889960289001,
-0.3603391647338867,
0.3590794503688812,
-0.05584000051021576,
-0.3811482787132263,
0.39107996225357056,
-0.27280309796333313,
-0.5028970241546631,
-0.272615522146225,
-0.23526343703269958,
0.6885517239570618,
0.2016519457101822,
-0.0259530209004879,
0.31305402517318726,
-0.3359206020832062,
0.37330058217048645,
-0.18806631863117218,
-0.41322821378707886,
0.5047566890716553,
-0.3860696852207184,
0.09868592768907547,
0.6335171461105347,
1.1815701723098755,
-0.6241267323493958,
-0.6905961632728577,
0.6637560725212097,
0.3407844603061676,
-0.4127815067768097,
-0.022730611264705658,
-0.0019731365609914064,
-0.3733411431312561,
-0.2983883023262024,
-0.06428401917219162,
-0.4986551105976105,
0.885259747505188,
0.3713497221469879,
-0.414070188999176,
0.912186324596405,
0.031963493674993515,
-0.27673837542533875,
-0.0796826183795929,
-0.09431594610214233,
0.04290987178683281,
0.11318189650774002,
-0.21943998336791992,
-0.11483865231275558,
-0.0004869181721005589,
-0.361651748418808,
0.17540764808654785,
0.5217503905296326,
1.0664913654327393,
0.6512909531593323,
-0.656216025352478,
0.041179608553647995,
0.48849600553512573,
0.5121515393257141,
-0.46949413418769836,
-0.3849548399448395,
0.3848830461502075,
0.4280354976654053,
-0.6981010437011719,
-0.5328896045684814,
0.06002941355109215,
0.975684404373169,
-0.148063063621521,
-0.17319025099277496,
0.34457162022590637,
-0.24658514559268951,
0.49851542711257935,
0.12260641902685165,
-0.6227988600730896,
-0.2670518755912781,
0.06079275906085968,
0.24753598868846893,
-0.4517802298069,
-0.6203027963638306,
-0.2157590091228485,
0.20677514374256134,
-0.4834030568599701,
0.2830202281475067,
-0.38444972038269043,
-0.09583883732557297,
0.5085574388504028,
0.5682287812232971,
0.17014095187187195,
-0.24717187881469727,
0.19734147191047668,
0.07161275297403336,
0.31752291321754456,
-0.38512706756591797,
0.14694751799106598,
0.1069849282503128,
-0.4481230080127716,
0.3989473879337311,
-0.7662362456321716,
0.023865697905421257,
0.8918801546096802,
-0.38834530115127563,
0.09590589255094528,
-0.48550140857696533,
-0.12392658740282059,
-0.07090152055025101,
0.0312468521296978,
-0.49637725949287415,
-0.6224074959754944,
0.18141953647136688,
0.5164598822593689,
0.6525114178657532,
0.48350003361701965,
-0.951568067073822,
0.7382069230079651,
0.034412991255521774,
-0.8468005657196045,
0.010338329710066319,
0.08938492089509964,
-0.4742279052734375,
-0.131647989153862,
-0.27446070313453674,
-0.10924852639436722,
0.18543224036693573,
-0.328938752412796,
0.5180729627609253,
-0.2224610298871994,
-0.47401556372642517,
-0.19244684278964996,
0.36438122391700745,
-0.2747632563114166,
0.5729937553405762,
0.06674648076295853,
-0.029476961120963097,
0.5369633436203003,
0.605290412902832,
0.011136895976960659,
0.23123550415039062,
0.3099776804447174,
0.16751115024089813,
-0.6775029897689819,
0.06776503473520279,
0.13214153051376343,
0.3397681415081024,
0.065147764980793,
-0.3890897333621979,
0.2583056688308716,
-0.36319679021835327,
-0.5085395574569702,
-0.06360236555337906,
0.23573271930217743,
-0.14823856949806213,
0.6427390575408936,
0.7262446284294128,
0.08436740189790726,
-0.8333200812339783,
0.34597086906433105,
-0.3004305064678192,
0.8708528280258179,
0.3861282169818878,
-0.16858907043933868,
-0.10978540778160095,
-0.17080718278884888,
0.4982822835445404,
-0.4782163202762604,
0.8375809192657471,
0.4261345863342285,
0.07434993237257004,
0.7245869040489197,
0.043772611767053604,
-0.20620903372764587,
-0.18083792924880981,
-0.202217698097229,
-0.6827130913734436,
0.18032026290893555,
0.2931831479072571,
0.04311837628483772,
-0.579250156879425,
0.3284912705421448,
1.115358591079712,
-0.5345381498336792,
-0.1266210824251175,
-0.3063504993915558,
-0.5681630969047546,
0.11883353441953659,
-0.61735999584198,
0.16391804814338684,
0.17206883430480957,
-0.533575713634491,
-0.1693446934223175,
0.18629960715770721,
0.3533754050731659,
0.24731427431106567,
0.3466705083847046,
-0.49453678727149963,
-0.6569170951843262,
-1.073246955871582,
0.21916800737380981,
0.21245582401752472,
-0.29687297344207764,
0.33444640040397644,
-0.39504149556159973,
0.4054309129714966,
-0.4826188385486603,
-0.6602699756622314,
0.20940092206001282,
0.39897724986076355,
0.07461031526327133,
0.16648320853710175,
0.08180956542491913,
0.004627781920135021,
0.013217934407293797,
0.21342651546001434,
0.37725764513015747,
0.1030452698469162,
-0.15994657576084137,
-0.3490789234638214,
-0.4889792203903198,
0.1681310385465622,
0.08609465509653091,
-0.21172764897346497,
-0.21085317432880402,
-0.04850483313202858,
-0.36210155487060547,
0.046954598277807236,
-0.6690599918365479,
0.6324378848075867,
-0.12514221668243408,
0.42548105120658875,
0.9097946286201477,
0.05368223413825035,
0.131017804145813,
-0.5495944619178772,
-0.4323694705963135,
-0.09037882834672928,
0.7387279868125916,
0.8401814699172974,
0.11558057367801666,
-0.4915912449359894,
0.20845559239387512,
0.19624027609825134,
-0.9964323043823242,
0.5681595802307129,
-0.24014553427696228,
-0.2054964005947113,
-0.6546487808227539,
0.543485701084137,
0.16808678209781647,
-0.0984317734837532,
0.0344683974981308,
0.34102943539619446,
-0.14254479110240936,
-0.8203515410423279,
-0.3486430048942566,
-0.22562044858932495,
0.11701842397451401,
-0.6153182983398438,
0.014333412051200867,
-0.14208261668682098,
-0.6314788460731506,
-0.18659763038158417,
-0.23256626725196838,
-0.10398335009813309,
-0.14684845507144928,
0.0003247323038522154,
0.6526775360107422,
-0.6760100722312927,
-0.2587059736251831,
-0.605596661567688,
0.36636781692504883,
0.07690297067165375,
0.27718260884284973,
0.18241314589977264
]
|
123475 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finley%20Point%2C%20Montana | Finley Point, Montana | Finley Point (Salish: sčc̓méple ) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 480.
Geography
The Finley Point CDP is located in north-central Lake County at (47.750877, -114.074974). It occupies a peninsula named Finley Point that extends into Flathead Lake from the southeast, separating Skidoo Bay to the north from East Bay to the south. The CDP is bordered to the east by Montana Highway 35, which follows the eastern shore of Flathead Lake, leading north to Bigfork and southwest to Polson, the Lake county seat.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which are land and , or 62.56%, are water.
Near Finley Point is nccm̓esšn, "place with small rocks."
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 493 people, 213 households, and 142 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 115.0 people per square mile (44.4/km2). There were 637 housing units at an average density of 148.6/sq mi (57.3/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 80.93% White, 14.00% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.61% from other races, and 4.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.22% of the population.
There were 213 households, out of which 20.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.7% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.9% were non-families. 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.76.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 18.7% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 20.5% from 25 to 44, 35.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.2 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $30,987, and the median income for a family was $49,063. Males had a median income of $40,714 versus $17,639 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,575. About 7.9% of families and 8.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.10264509171247482,
0.60246342420578,
0.20723164081573486,
0.3254603147506714,
0.4943859875202179,
0.1901552975177765,
0.5829899907112122,
0.7402445077896118,
0.055619534105062485,
-0.0386715903878212,
-0.09051736444234848,
-0.2367527037858963,
-0.1251993030309677,
0.6060319542884827,
-0.740242063999176,
-0.029937241226434708,
-0.09140457212924957,
0.7278087735176086,
0.7540819644927979,
-0.05377424880862236,
0.2752893269062042,
-0.4317367672920227,
0.30079349875450134,
0.304750919342041,
-0.13236325979232788,
0.8998557329177856,
0.6095162034034729,
0.398692786693573,
-0.2575382888317108,
-0.011503642424941063,
-0.4350533187389374,
0.7161098122596741,
-0.17686286568641663,
-0.15552034974098206,
0.36795374751091003,
-0.29913368821144104,
0.442508727312088,
0.14742785692214966,
-0.24173927307128906,
-0.325092613697052,
-0.07281773537397385,
-0.039631396532058716,
0.4935752749443054,
0.05673319846391678,
-0.0038788276724517345,
-0.3069777488708496,
-0.9886261224746704,
0.5765172839164734,
-0.9983189702033997,
-0.8099288940429688,
-0.9301714301109314,
-0.0646086260676384,
0.17632956802845,
-0.0012162792263552547,
0.6919330954551697,
0.13927289843559265,
-0.5083611011505127,
0.06941580772399902,
0.668392539024353,
0.11491524428129196,
-0.8200698494911194,
0.41424232721328735,
0.30142971873283386,
-0.10275949537754059,
-0.3271086812019348,
-0.2642618715763092,
-0.056857846677303314,
0.15167559683322906,
0.34999579191207886,
-0.7796958684921265,
0.12988418340682983,
-0.008650527335703373,
-0.4764707386493683,
0.4640983045101166,
0.3657624423503876,
0.7462577819824219,
-0.685246467590332,
0.24652044475078583,
0.05695061385631561,
0.3814609944820404,
0.04314394295215607,
-0.17131590843200684,
0.34187132120132446,
0.2544030547142029,
0.11497819423675537,
0.23940087854862213,
-0.5252763628959656,
-0.008545245975255966,
0.005211409647017717,
0.778935968875885,
-0.9721248149871826,
-0.37811461091041565,
0.25546494126319885,
-0.39506930112838745,
-0.022498302161693573,
-0.31305384635925293,
0.04409908875823021,
0.5570000410079956,
-0.254075825214386,
0.5008808970451355,
-0.5014496445655823,
0.1465805172920227,
0.8546320199966431,
-0.10950325429439545,
-0.4753303825855255,
-0.5356400609016418,
-0.6611191630363464,
-0.1789393424987793,
-0.28686830401420593,
-0.10665403306484222,
-0.592271625995636,
0.320129930973053,
-0.04157615453004837,
-0.39154794812202454,
-0.1822279691696167,
0.5318083763122559,
0.0409131795167923,
-0.6409623622894287,
-0.5737333297729492,
-0.4910147786140442,
0.16506506502628326,
0.49507057666778564,
-0.13873113691806793,
-0.3834158182144165,
0.01244207751005888,
0.538181483745575,
0.46222996711730957,
-0.06931215524673462,
0.03963058441877365,
0.42615917325019836,
-0.5109803080558777,
0.6267718076705933,
0.06833907961845398,
0.33171170949935913,
-0.06718477606773376,
-0.6340157985687256,
-0.28971365094184875,
-0.47345155477523804,
0.3444666564464569,
0.3323471248149872,
-0.4210851788520813,
-0.1492479294538498,
-0.2566855847835541,
-0.014449164271354675,
0.6572054028511047,
0.03224339708685875,
-0.020931877195835114,
-0.826630175113678,
0.0075562456622719765,
-0.002232194412499666,
0.14000478386878967,
0.04906831309199333,
0.7812190651893616,
0.6928499341011047,
0.025135165080428123,
0.12379013001918793,
0.5021783709526062,
0.5937153100967407,
0.1771119087934494,
0.3393268883228302,
-0.1188499927520752,
0.8644697666168213,
0.641170084476471,
0.11075836420059204,
1.1139311790466309,
-0.06333830952644348,
0.39414477348327637,
-0.6330000162124634,
0.25891515612602234,
0.5821804404258728,
-0.16480058431625366,
0.681347131729126,
0.5359756946563721,
-0.17686253786087036,
0.16007710993289948,
-0.7934530973434448,
0.41492849588394165,
0.07307416200637817,
0.05106346309185028,
-0.23199059069156647,
-0.8856918811798096,
0.39292433857917786,
-0.12870164215564728,
-0.22748349606990814,
-0.6113492846488953,
0.2628420889377594,
0.3552374243736267,
-0.2698918581008911,
-0.39467546343803406,
-0.9832594990730286,
-0.5845727324485779,
-0.7581832408905029,
0.6975331902503967,
-0.5467317700386047,
0.7572849988937378,
-0.2227720022201538,
-0.15583768486976624,
0.43080899119377136,
-0.175346240401268,
0.34669336676597595,
-0.30448833107948303,
-0.30522993206977844,
0.7558910846710205,
-0.6102704405784607,
-0.8135176301002502,
0.4403560161590576,
0.2594815790653229,
0.4009571671485901,
0.4019151031970978,
0.6368973851203918,
0.2330666482448578,
-0.6381063461303711,
-0.07570970058441162,
0.9490779638290405,
-0.7076185345649719,
-0.2892300486564636,
-0.19642509520053864,
0.09124228358268738,
0.5176687836647034,
-0.2483394742012024,
0.2709517180919647,
-0.08019892871379852,
0.042968280613422394,
-0.2200026661157608,
-0.16616825759410858,
0.5797532200813293,
1.0277289152145386,
0.1958061307668686,
-0.3134267032146454,
0.4431304633617401,
0.6075640916824341,
-0.35956117510795593,
0.7801898121833801,
-0.4734848141670227,
0.19551068544387817,
0.22743912041187286,
-0.054998598992824554,
-0.41421666741371155,
1.055485486984253,
-0.9388930201530457,
-0.329163521528244,
-0.030558589845895767,
-0.05518915876746178,
-0.17645829916000366,
0.605587363243103,
0.5521336793899536,
0.47087350487709045,
0.025427309796214104,
-0.12628526985645294,
-0.2747509777545929,
-0.02303517423570156,
0.3289133608341217,
0.434683620929718,
-0.18577490746974945,
-0.04187193140387535,
-0.0068410360254347324,
-0.14371992647647858,
-0.30319884419441223,
0.501931369304657,
0.05158193036913872,
0.03202817961573601,
0.1982879638671875,
-0.26219940185546875,
0.02730455994606018,
0.30160215497016907,
-0.5793565511703491,
-0.16598886251449585,
-0.5645375847816467,
-0.20558059215545654,
0.7146139144897461,
0.7923519611358643,
-0.24621357023715973,
-0.043139852583408356,
0.5243251323699951,
0.6129162907600403,
0.32220354676246643,
-0.45640480518341064,
-0.09491995722055435,
-0.6959320902824402,
0.08458121120929718,
0.12096128612756729,
0.6509522199630737,
-0.12428411096334457,
-0.15547209978103638,
-0.2516518533229828,
-0.6784166097640991,
0.3167268633842468,
-0.023838551715016365,
-0.4656905233860016,
-0.45715680718421936,
0.25494715571403503,
-0.29870495200157166,
-0.6094421148300171,
0.7665671110153198,
-0.43724268674850464,
0.06829921901226044,
0.0033424878492951393,
0.16222503781318665,
0.6503667831420898,
-0.8820970058441162,
0.05917539820075035,
0.46278223395347595,
-0.7481685280799866,
0.08413014560937881,
-0.25864914059638977,
-0.08377151191234589,
0.20857441425323486,
-0.5918388366699219,
-4.786566734313965,
0.6042630076408386,
-0.5523880124092102,
-0.4951080083847046,
-0.08259891718626022,
0.012878023087978363,
0.25094640254974365,
-0.6254533529281616,
-0.07820965349674225,
0.6420518755912781,
-0.24083270132541656,
-0.29480087757110596,
0.32039445638656616,
0.4651523530483246,
1.195060133934021,
0.18031683564186096,
0.6501644849777222,
-0.3132179379463196,
0.7862927913665771,
0.24415068328380585,
-0.1801013946533203,
0.35609227418899536,
0.03508054465055466,
0.3772791922092438,
0.6809189319610596,
0.3524791896343231,
0.11636479943990707,
-0.4242781102657318,
-0.6758948564529419,
-0.21041272580623627,
0.2902403473854065,
0.11159331351518631,
-0.6657218337059021,
-0.12416714429855347,
-0.04084140062332153,
-0.32703301310539246,
0.47949060797691345,
-0.22855553030967712,
0.6170985698699951,
-0.4070308804512024,
0.09790372103452682,
0.4885178506374359,
-0.2901402711868286,
-0.3045669198036194,
0.7369113564491272,
0.331913560628891,
-0.025592880323529243,
-0.13360463082790375,
-0.45000532269477844,
0.9797875881195068,
0.8671479225158691,
0.3262004852294922,
0.504247784614563,
0.0458856076002121,
0.5477998852729797,
-0.3755132555961609,
0.4521924555301666,
0.11855710297822952,
-0.8541449904441833,
0.8538566827774048,
0.1964440792798996,
-0.5391965508460999,
-0.09016720205545425,
0.1448286473751068,
-0.0675465390086174,
-0.4676661193370819,
0.022992627695202827,
0.3278728425502777,
0.3101963400840759,
-0.12420086562633514,
0.04350528120994568,
0.05914472043514252,
-0.4148324429988861,
-0.6458613872528076,
0.6026089191436768,
-0.7575287818908691,
-0.2532789707183838,
0.47720393538475037,
-0.7814193964004517,
0.25701913237571716,
0.10481561720371246,
0.08775808662176132,
0.3546065390110016,
0.7770471572875977,
0.8001819252967834,
-0.6836206912994385,
-0.001256519928574562,
-0.06806473433971405,
-0.1280357837677002,
-1.0890861749649048,
0.5993165373802185,
0.05763009563088417,
0.509370744228363,
-0.5405874848365784,
-0.7110605835914612,
0.07921473681926727,
0.48915019631385803,
-0.10952891409397125,
-0.08138753473758698,
-0.45575186610221863,
0.3397051990032196,
-0.01932651922106743,
0.06204650178551674,
-0.1836058795452118,
-0.39739418029785156,
-0.4974752366542816,
-0.09135740995407104,
-0.1003984585404396,
0.8271020650863647,
-0.849446713924408,
-0.43456944823265076,
0.17491966485977173,
-0.6767938733100891,
-0.14040999114513397,
0.27433282136917114,
0.30563056468963623,
-0.49278634786605835,
0.09414403140544891,
0.6284748911857605,
0.5266967415809631,
0.07163988053798676,
-0.4000321328639984,
-0.5177573561668396,
0.1243068277835846,
-0.30647221207618713,
-0.5111424922943115,
0.3497459888458252,
-0.2029748558998108,
-0.41097643971443176,
0.5702877044677734,
-0.07361109554767609,
0.03360043093562126,
-0.34879666566848755,
-0.5404183864593506,
-0.2774764597415924,
0.47131630778312683,
-0.5411030054092407,
-0.7387695908546448,
0.48306936025619507,
0.334890753030777,
0.3576125502586365,
0.3123173713684082,
-0.17562943696975708,
0.8326572775840759,
-0.16214844584465027,
0.2788306176662445,
0.30361077189445496,
0.007499099709093571,
-1.0598125457763672,
0.5445265769958496,
-0.7624596953392029,
-0.03648478165268898,
0.06251457333564758,
-0.25965628027915955,
0.7808436751365662,
0.12961576879024506,
-0.21205736696720123,
0.6180543303489685,
0.11383700370788574,
-0.05822407454252243,
0.44499853253364563,
-0.46049800515174866,
-0.8806325197219849,
0.5278667211532593,
-0.21319086849689484,
-0.25016096234321594,
-0.9417579174041748,
0.0033845047000795603,
-0.4105454981327057,
-0.05119198560714722,
0.7710967659950256,
-0.7288265824317932,
-0.5603410005569458,
0.28446951508522034,
0.4396079480648041,
-0.26406747102737427,
-0.3271767497062683,
-0.11968228965997696,
0.06211327761411667,
-0.24908164143562317,
-0.2887982428073883,
-0.2765522599220276,
-0.28072836995124817,
-0.3095545768737793,
-0.03401664271950722,
-0.7411935329437256,
-0.3682853877544403,
-0.09286844730377197,
0.1010497584939003,
0.403232604265213,
0.0601293221116066,
-0.5925114154815674,
0.2861241102218628,
0.22225219011306763,
0.35315558314323425,
-0.9057597517967224,
0.2887840270996094,
0.3255821466445923,
-0.5388530492782593,
-0.7662391066551208,
0.10996679216623306,
0.40895500779151917,
-0.4040229022502899,
0.25359684228897095,
0.17036302387714386,
-0.5339382886886597,
0.7183921337127686,
1.0001457929611206,
-0.7192777395248413,
0.964844822883606,
-0.4402051568031311,
-0.6808157563209534,
0.35788488388061523,
0.6018588542938232,
0.07467398792505264,
0.27731817960739136,
0.4149065315723419,
0.3720853924751282,
-0.4181293249130249,
-0.12102483212947845,
-0.1715427041053772,
0.18222324550151825,
-0.33902662992477417,
-1.1702191829681396,
-0.7070912718772888,
0.6522171497344971,
0.14382992684841156,
-0.11373170465230942,
0.8361907601356506,
-0.5948626399040222,
-0.0940936729311943,
-0.3347475528717041,
0.16461695730686188,
-0.060038574039936066,
0.42689448595046997,
0.5337899327278137,
-1.0071614980697632,
-0.1912166327238083,
0.6208147406578064,
-0.06084834784269333,
-0.011312294751405716,
0.8857512474060059,
0.5431519746780396,
-0.6549106240272522,
-0.5353577136993408,
0.11551786959171295,
0.6718400120735168,
0.006113099865615368,
-1.1274830102920532,
0.8542453050613403,
0.8365809321403503,
-0.7164384722709656,
-0.34418854117393494,
-0.5110334157943726,
1.5184205770492554,
-0.44976240396499634,
-0.46226057410240173,
0.7683700919151306,
-0.08319571614265442,
0.3017037510871887,
0.16878408193588257,
-0.1571936309337616,
0.05084702745079994,
0.6963148713111877,
0.429773211479187,
-0.34264811873435974,
-0.006430829409509897,
-0.4001958668231964,
0.10846582055091858,
-0.9825602173805237,
-0.0844745859503746,
-0.615921676158905,
0.5793148875236511,
0.3230251371860504,
-0.39498740434646606,
-0.27579450607299805,
-0.14296099543571472,
-0.8202817440032959,
-0.6651050448417664,
-0.4108164608478546,
-0.4854040741920471,
-0.140724316239357,
0.0094800665974617,
-0.03126629441976547,
-0.2133786827325821,
-0.793103814125061,
-0.5688106417655945,
0.07614927738904953,
-0.8228862881660461,
0.7402035593986511,
-0.7774831056594849,
0.1116037368774414,
-0.2752726674079895,
-0.6833977103233337,
0.3451882600784302,
0.32849031686782837,
0.198277086019516,
0.464434951543808,
-0.46597808599472046,
0.5477887392044067,
-0.5764428973197937,
0.9012130498886108,
-0.31586939096450806,
-0.8414506912231445,
0.2670435905456543,
-0.1940019428730011,
-0.7405211925506592,
-0.46027886867523193,
0.32089653611183167,
0.27178558707237244,
0.04822823777794838,
0.30679652094841003,
0.3019886612892151,
0.49286940693855286,
-0.4229414463043213,
-0.02545223943889141,
0.3116459846496582,
-0.345326691865921,
-0.6188167929649353,
0.6624648571014404,
-0.7210003733634949,
0.430734783411026,
0.7864758372306824,
0.5300315618515015,
-0.5910208821296692,
0.8836565017700195,
-0.09577538818120956,
0.5822038650512695,
0.09508507698774338,
0.5617256760597229,
-0.17027635872364044,
-1.1371371746063232,
-0.2895878553390503,
0.29745790362358093,
-0.6290942430496216,
-0.27315381169319153,
-0.3149031698703766,
-0.6634396314620972,
-0.4386305809020996,
0.3064058721065521,
0.02911202423274517,
0.20316269993782043,
0.4871242344379425,
0.08131381124258041,
0.14227555692195892,
-0.13872341811656952,
0.47531387209892273,
0.05432603880763054,
0.2854059338569641,
-0.4067564308643341,
-0.08944489061832428,
-0.5204609632492065,
-0.22152018547058105,
-1.164793610572815,
-0.6866467595100403,
0.0561692900955677,
0.07328248023986816,
-0.6835703253746033,
-0.5807202458381653,
0.46980759501457214,
-0.11912502348423004,
-0.9374518394470215,
0.5323206186294556,
-0.11670205742120743,
-0.24886828660964966,
-0.8271324634552002,
0.3706009089946747,
-0.5845536589622498,
0.2537400424480438,
0.6068828105926514,
0.531183123588562,
0.6311612129211426,
-0.03569638356566429,
0.5603139400482178,
0.1302000880241394,
0.42486026883125305,
0.1910962164402008,
0.6108036637306213,
-0.031033819541335106,
0.38992971181869507,
-0.43030986189842224,
0.5756705403327942,
-0.3422303795814514,
-0.3481457531452179,
-0.04352005571126938,
-0.6720572113990784,
0.15103401243686676,
0.1263936161994934,
-0.11292902380228043,
-0.5008917450904846,
0.3280813992023468,
-0.40805551409721375,
-0.17911191284656525,
-0.2316531389951706,
-0.08448488265275955,
0.08453661948442459,
0.22465252876281738,
-0.02572237141430378,
0.7944959998130798,
0.03488893806934357,
-0.2435464709997177,
0.008861689828336239,
0.34616518020629883,
-0.10623957216739655,
0.2825879156589508,
0.6022017598152161,
-0.261164128780365,
-0.027763081714510918,
-0.594091534614563,
0.6655431985855103,
0.0929587259888649,
0.6473889946937561,
-0.1608596295118332,
0.7462615966796875,
-0.39345452189445496,
-0.13494713604450226,
0.5179818272590637,
-0.1985597461462021,
-0.4549969434738159,
-0.9006220102310181,
-0.2474292814731598,
-1.1540040969848633,
0.7289983034133911,
0.20993809401988983,
-0.046404194086790085,
-0.27863454818725586,
-0.27423983812332153,
-0.3103989064693451,
-0.7527729868888855,
0.007101115770637989,
0.06345034390687943,
-1.065148949623108,
-0.09938202798366547,
0.18415755033493042,
-0.19877931475639343,
-0.8800398707389832,
-0.3850889503955841,
1.6395553350448608,
0.7250182032585144,
-0.634114146232605,
0.08218570053577423,
-0.39309343695640564,
-0.16572336852550507,
-0.11350652575492859,
1.007200837135315,
1.1687750816345215,
-1.082801103591919,
-0.8571364283561707,
-0.8995271325111389,
0.36793625354766846,
-0.0909857526421547,
-0.705843448638916,
0.00948105938732624,
-0.2510928809642792,
0.23594973981380463,
-0.3808830678462982,
0.245326966047287,
-0.26615050435066223,
0.5892529487609863,
-0.09070106595754623
]
|
123476 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerr%2C%20Montana | Kerr, Montana | Kerr is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 251 at the 2010 census, up from 17 in 2000.
Geography
Kerr is located in north-central Lake County at (47.677998, -114.192717), bordering the southwest side of Polson, the county seat. The western edge of the Kerr CDP is formed by the Flathead River as it exits Flathead Lake.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which are land and , or 10.49%, are water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 17 people, 6 households, and 6 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 69.9 people per square mile (27.3/km2). There were 9 housing units at an average density of 37.0/sq mi (14.5/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 82.35% White and 17.65% Native American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.76% of the population.
There were 6 households, out of which 50.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 100.0% were married couples living together, and 0.0% were non-families. No households were made up of individuals, and none had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 2.83.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18, 11.8% from 18 to 24, 23.5% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 70.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.7 males.
References
Census-designated places in Montana
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana | [
-0.005744973197579384,
0.9042828679084778,
0.4305112361907959,
-0.09078135341405869,
0.10460831969976425,
0.21111024916172028,
0.8968182802200317,
0.42876264452934265,
-0.16323594748973846,
0.2583725154399872,
-0.3748953938484192,
-0.07860294729471207,
-0.5369260311126709,
0.749826967716217,
-0.4765932857990265,
0.8160129189491272,
0.1613774448633194,
0.7800785899162292,
0.9927120804786682,
-0.05678294226527214,
0.2472762018442154,
-0.8244504928588867,
0.1457168012857437,
0.40659159421920776,
-0.14570482075214386,
0.5004293918609619,
0.35017165541648865,
0.1071561649441719,
0.19867707788944244,
0.18921300768852234,
0.08155100047588348,
0.532303512096405,
-0.5888218879699707,
0.018951741978526115,
0.15312311053276062,
-0.033865414559841156,
0.47188514471054077,
0.06908785551786423,
0.5245257616043091,
-0.30125898122787476,
0.09544876962900162,
-0.04508200287818909,
0.2834363877773285,
-0.06868442893028259,
0.18662363290786743,
-0.5241587162017822,
-1.751848578453064,
0.1847199648618698,
-0.8076048493385315,
-0.5306525826454163,
-0.8787035942077637,
-0.13712875545024872,
0.16957834362983704,
-0.17427140474319458,
0.231795996427536,
0.4525439143180847,
-0.25254783034324646,
0.1281392127275467,
0.420391708612442,
0.17316164076328278,
-0.3367990255355835,
0.2639586329460144,
0.53066486120224,
-0.21945516765117645,
-0.20430545508861542,
0.2528148889541626,
0.027935007587075233,
0.5211005806922913,
0.3913615345954895,
-0.8075240850448608,
-0.3073790669441223,
0.20107720792293549,
-0.3657298684120178,
0.6086353063583374,
0.16291989386081696,
0.7858306169509888,
-0.815277099609375,
-0.2017025500535965,
-0.07007083296775818,
-0.001300452509894967,
0.5966704487800598,
0.21417181193828583,
0.18688970804214478,
-0.2448529303073883,
0.1629747450351715,
0.12564878165721893,
-0.7749450206756592,
0.2100134640932083,
0.24779818952083588,
1.132440447807312,
-0.9188402891159058,
0.017330335453152657,
-0.027615228667855263,
-0.3111335337162018,
-0.3578239381313324,
-0.6865136623382568,
-0.07972853630781174,
0.43098169565200806,
-0.3570381700992584,
0.22380869090557098,
-0.29616624116897583,
0.037653692066669464,
0.7686740159988403,
-0.25054097175598145,
-0.5725555419921875,
-0.46706023812294006,
-1.0429564714431763,
-0.5776167511940002,
-0.20764316618442535,
0.13089501857757568,
-0.5400229692459106,
0.47625264525413513,
-0.3039710223674774,
-0.6999460458755493,
-0.3477112948894501,
0.5458044409751892,
0.16839832067489624,
-0.5527569055557251,
-0.08228376507759094,
0.003660947782918811,
0.37600627541542053,
0.4710974395275116,
-0.5873554348945618,
0.14638157188892365,
-0.4276573061943054,
0.21758447587490082,
0.6819458603858948,
-0.172221377491951,
0.1294901967048645,
0.3274599611759186,
-0.7791920304298401,
0.5957667231559753,
0.30836278200149536,
0.4348706603050232,
0.081520676612854,
-0.8625600337982178,
0.045233070850372314,
-0.521908700466156,
0.15516850352287292,
0.09989805519580841,
-0.22331272065639496,
0.08650452643632889,
-0.5698761343955994,
-0.08788745105266571,
0.8006439208984375,
0.0007802440086379647,
0.09249331057071686,
-1.120280385017395,
-0.03608189895749092,
-0.25332674384117126,
0.17475032806396484,
0.19195783138275146,
0.23155763745307922,
0.9826775789260864,
-0.033669717609882355,
0.14386200904846191,
0.4835159480571747,
0.3717099726200104,
0.6302400827407837,
0.363782674074173,
0.2105482518672943,
1.217668056488037,
0.5617483854293823,
-0.24692539870738983,
0.38319939374923706,
-0.46731629967689514,
0.28827789425849915,
-0.4533446133136749,
0.028310582041740417,
0.2687079906463623,
-0.4294220805168152,
0.6026797890663147,
0.3677140176296234,
0.030008485540747643,
0.3644365668296814,
-0.6495646834373474,
0.6095514297485352,
0.776098906993866,
0.16094589233398438,
-0.1162860095500946,
-0.6737279891967773,
0.4267396926879883,
0.11724847555160522,
0.11698486655950546,
-0.03530189394950867,
0.1797579526901245,
0.2191048264503479,
-0.3911270797252655,
-0.23049719631671906,
-0.4408085346221924,
-0.6993296146392822,
-0.8318958282470703,
0.5438105463981628,
0.012471765279769897,
0.6725360751152039,
0.22936232388019562,
0.03604896739125252,
0.48375120759010315,
-0.2467808723449707,
0.5203988552093506,
-0.39922088384628296,
-0.20704226195812225,
0.38704192638397217,
-0.7314172983169556,
-0.33627888560295105,
0.09401164948940277,
0.17659400403499603,
-0.08591309934854507,
0.3755984306335449,
0.7964474558830261,
0.32475772500038147,
-0.142263263463974,
0.0789434015750885,
0.7287526726722717,
-0.678794801235199,
0.1580834537744522,
-0.2304452657699585,
-0.16465558111667633,
0.6012375354766846,
-0.23996642231941223,
1.0102776288986206,
0.3559253215789795,
0.05486007407307625,
-0.06469166278839111,
-0.46631935238838196,
0.4058109223842621,
0.8934901356697083,
0.2893730103969574,
-0.33557572960853577,
0.05486568063497543,
0.317416250705719,
-0.035458192229270935,
0.34116342663764954,
-0.303792804479599,
-0.01644841954112053,
0.19378060102462769,
-0.26199406385421753,
-0.5152848362922668,
0.4733758270740509,
-0.8098061680793762,
0.20264987647533417,
-0.26911646127700806,
-0.12523949146270752,
0.4969658851623535,
0.43751391768455505,
0.4616125226020813,
0.02409430779516697,
0.0340588353574276,
-0.3432667851448059,
-0.3016839027404785,
0.09832776337862015,
0.03671996667981148,
0.2554592192173004,
-0.029742568731307983,
0.36462387442588806,
-0.012378890067338943,
0.07830951362848282,
0.08665719628334045,
0.036266908049583435,
0.09770273417234421,
-0.12047676742076874,
0.3349934220314026,
-0.19841879606246948,
-0.056123413145542145,
0.2355360984802246,
-0.5760776996612549,
-0.4024239182472229,
-0.6848623752593994,
-0.6067447066307068,
0.8818917274475098,
-0.010993236675858498,
-0.10322510451078415,
-0.21609416604042053,
-0.04574267566204071,
0.5888760685920715,
0.24016501009464264,
-0.293364942073822,
-0.3125093877315521,
-0.8728070259094238,
0.045218609273433685,
0.42569997906684875,
0.7085179090499878,
-0.0987434834241867,
-0.3475279211997986,
-0.29424527287483215,
-0.3018171787261963,
0.5109360218048096,
-0.33828261494636536,
-0.5071955323219299,
-0.5745247602462769,
0.10276690125465393,
-0.05395288020372391,
-0.016717979684472084,
0.310030996799469,
-0.7152262926101685,
-0.05090588331222534,
0.2589094936847687,
0.1476629376411438,
0.9087122082710266,
-0.7301575541496277,
-0.12648698687553406,
0.5149770379066467,
-0.588264524936676,
0.20812493562698364,
-0.06866587698459625,
-0.4928712844848633,
0.3103611171245575,
-0.9358766078948975,
-4.799488067626953,
0.7874383330345154,
-0.1152648776769638,
-0.5295270681381226,
0.2746899425983429,
-0.30963578820228577,
0.47944825887680054,
-0.6417688131332397,
-0.36210834980010986,
0.41946494579315186,
-0.4299321174621582,
-0.29146331548690796,
-0.05014275759458542,
0.5765328407287598,
1.0490049123764038,
0.4656534790992737,
0.9785937070846558,
0.035910412669181824,
0.6191133856773376,
0.6994549036026001,
-0.1817672848701477,
0.43856900930404663,
-0.029235608875751495,
-0.2076786756515503,
0.9510974287986755,
0.42993080615997314,
-0.09732764959335327,
-0.4846293330192566,
-0.6263402700424194,
-0.055366430431604385,
-0.05329111963510513,
0.3702215552330017,
-0.9636860489845276,
-0.19761820137500763,
-0.17517486214637756,
-0.2773998975753784,
0.3377276360988617,
-0.3444778323173523,
0.5261654853820801,
-0.2215876430273056,
0.24523504078388214,
0.5164701342582703,
-0.07820946723222733,
-0.39010050892829895,
0.38178348541259766,
0.06950495392084122,
-0.3224809169769287,
-0.4858567714691162,
-0.19327279925346375,
0.7810870409011841,
0.29559648036956787,
-0.058031219989061356,
1.0939170122146606,
0.08106403052806854,
0.0815885066986084,
-0.30390867590904236,
0.34023210406303406,
0.5489645600318909,
-0.0928487703204155,
0.6758942008018494,
0.197813481092453,
-0.8029512166976929,
-0.13147889077663422,
0.11283019185066223,
-0.4829213619232178,
-0.4048750698566437,
0.1553269773721695,
0.22698545455932617,
0.4740981459617615,
0.23364384472370148,
0.1916116178035736,
0.4595227539539337,
-0.49207526445388794,
-0.7416496872901917,
0.32771816849708557,
-0.9945952892303467,
-0.5475188493728638,
0.10601669549942017,
-0.844346821308136,
0.1807277798652649,
-0.14981719851493835,
-0.01702236197888851,
0.5378551483154297,
0.7845160365104675,
0.5314626097679138,
-0.7466082572937012,
-0.20532089471817017,
0.09431210905313492,
-0.03522246703505516,
-0.9767025709152222,
0.6298688650131226,
-0.059683144092559814,
0.9492887854576111,
-0.27635663747787476,
-0.6721279621124268,
0.034528426826000214,
1.1640608310699463,
-0.14499226212501526,
-0.18510740995407104,
-0.5562139749526978,
0.6009033918380737,
-0.12315389513969421,
0.07584743201732635,
-0.11000026017427444,
-0.10586854815483093,
-0.509368360042572,
0.04209848493337631,
0.13238154351711273,
0.7339146137237549,
-0.2782324254512787,
-0.6055980920791626,
-0.07292972505092621,
-0.08997039496898651,
0.1070781797170639,
0.17815126478672028,
0.48857611417770386,
-0.49211764335632324,
-0.0623968131840229,
0.5753579139709473,
0.6875933408737183,
0.07584235817193985,
0.01747305318713188,
-0.04864014685153961,
-0.1887362152338028,
-0.016446730121970177,
0.08984259516000748,
0.6301546692848206,
-0.24665789306163788,
-0.3561655580997467,
0.31124401092529297,
-0.02422874979674816,
0.010671219788491726,
-0.24786792695522308,
-0.4536381959915161,
-0.5250830054283142,
0.05535443499684334,
-0.33696022629737854,
-0.6551240086555481,
0.35318443179130554,
0.38722720742225647,
0.5663549304008484,
0.2820330262184143,
-0.5056259632110596,
0.8742968440055847,
-0.5461441874504089,
0.5637861490249634,
0.4453762173652649,
-0.15825903415679932,
-0.7217920422554016,
0.5625044703483582,
-1.0290497541427612,
-0.5874766707420349,
-0.10327033698558807,
-0.33771631121635437,
0.4528968036174774,
-0.32323190569877625,
-0.15385089814662933,
0.6627917289733887,
0.4408610463142395,
-0.5955252051353455,
0.23845860362052917,
-0.47948822379112244,
-0.5125942230224609,
0.6645431518554688,
0.1057320162653923,
-0.482882559299469,
-0.28091588616371155,
-0.22801902890205383,
-0.5644400119781494,
0.5732351541519165,
0.7221546173095703,
-0.311159610748291,
-0.2714414894580841,
0.10954984277486801,
0.10429690033197403,
-0.06742845475673676,
-0.09491442888975143,
0.12610679864883423,
-0.01927052065730095,
-0.1822647899389267,
-0.15410985052585602,
-0.1764475703239441,
-0.43368858098983765,
-0.2797880470752716,
-0.003491494804620743,
-1.1920636892318726,
-0.15846647322177887,
-0.5077134966850281,
0.19158926606178284,
0.2456059455871582,
0.3408074378967285,
-0.3161166310310364,
0.3007955253124237,
-0.1896335333585739,
0.04210877791047096,
-0.7928977012634277,
0.1982179880142212,
-0.19087789952754974,
-0.08252042531967163,
-0.8929038643836975,
-0.0660347044467926,
0.5974189043045044,
-0.2995608150959015,
0.42173445224761963,
-0.21563158929347992,
-0.6373894214630127,
0.633337676525116,
0.6870298385620117,
-0.8713304400444031,
0.2822105288505554,
-0.2673112452030182,
-0.8676055073738098,
0.5116659998893738,
0.6427041292190552,
-0.3237031102180481,
0.7888832688331604,
0.20679941773414612,
-0.12448731064796448,
-0.37236106395721436,
-0.1930854320526123,
-0.5651442408561707,
-0.298201322555542,
-0.2292260229587555,
-0.829058825969696,
-0.5767317414283752,
0.3745137155056,
-0.004616537597030401,
-0.40564560890197754,
0.9877626895904541,
-1.0633105039596558,
-0.08068829774856567,
0.023250628262758255,
0.2224648892879486,
-0.3386254608631134,
0.31958702206611633,
0.34253188967704773,
-0.44518133997917175,
0.19833791255950928,
0.5622687339782715,
-0.4862741231918335,
-0.08238822221755981,
1.663481593132019,
0.07365795969963074,
-0.6172306537628174,
-0.7972352504730225,
-0.00033813470508903265,
0.5691878199577332,
-0.02623656950891018,
-1.214697003364563,
0.5793461799621582,
0.5021405816078186,
-0.66202712059021,
-0.32409682869911194,
-0.18685172498226166,
0.9640299081802368,
-0.1963077336549759,
-0.23777170479297638,
1.0193138122558594,
-0.1172754168510437,
0.2470007836818695,
0.40203166007995605,
0.15999867022037506,
-0.10566361993551254,
0.43142685294151306,
0.33372852206230164,
0.177311509847641,
0.003271500114351511,
-0.9302482604980469,
0.3434928357601166,
-0.9822574853897095,
-0.39124834537506104,
-0.5241539478302002,
0.16564954817295074,
-0.11594147980213165,
-0.17600955069065094,
0.05680691450834274,
-0.15879985690116882,
-0.8387671113014221,
-0.5713405609130859,
-0.08743876218795776,
-0.2346676141023636,
-0.12250085920095444,
0.4056119918823242,
-0.04557155817747116,
0.5699038505554199,
-0.5614125728607178,
-0.8843865394592285,
0.07627293467521667,
-1.2502989768981934,
0.35370829701423645,
-0.4940875172615051,
0.4010835886001587,
0.28836590051651,
-0.7244929075241089,
0.4264587461948395,
0.3361266553401947,
0.4426596462726593,
0.14567390084266663,
-0.8152186870574951,
0.10054764151573181,
-0.8490153551101685,
0.8194399476051331,
-0.20121729373931885,
-0.4394121766090393,
0.6529061198234558,
-0.1278923600912094,
-0.6639556288719177,
-0.7158628106117249,
0.5013242959976196,
0.22464029490947723,
0.21761949360370636,
-0.04486925154924393,
0.23225197196006775,
0.23723255097866058,
-0.8686205148696899,
-0.08127344399690628,
0.3127295672893524,
-0.47538015246391296,
-0.3539646863937378,
0.5096285939216614,
-0.34373939037323,
-0.18095704913139343,
0.782033383846283,
0.9500826597213745,
-0.5679673552513123,
1.141007661819458,
-0.09774632751941681,
0.5762038826942444,
0.2109537571668625,
0.22356030344963074,
-0.07294778525829315,
-0.9024685621261597,
-0.6733351945877075,
-0.02640235237777233,
-1.0958317518234253,
-0.3428889214992523,
0.2097640484571457,
-0.2678523659706116,
-0.7194084525108337,
0.22874127328395844,
-0.19780203700065613,
0.4214599132537842,
0.14034952223300934,
0.12902267277240753,
0.0037745246663689613,
-0.5034316778182983,
-0.021018221974372864,
0.08809904009103775,
0.34549278020858765,
-0.3675747811794281,
-0.5429280996322632,
-0.32090330123901367,
-0.5721680521965027,
-0.9484311938285828,
-0.7195068001747131,
0.08639214187860489,
0.3160988688468933,
-0.6757339835166931,
-0.6561405062675476,
0.008322158828377724,
-0.14540055394172668,
-0.9230028390884399,
0.4456808269023895,
0.4050654470920563,
-0.1477091908454895,
-0.5172501802444458,
0.41870632767677307,
-0.5254703760147095,
-0.04142123460769653,
0.9086952805519104,
0.322380006313324,
0.056323643773794174,
0.48698723316192627,
0.3332940936088562,
0.4288390278816223,
0.04975166171789169,
0.3575035631656647,
0.3462155759334564,
-0.18236860632896423,
0.2806033492088318,
0.12445583194494247,
0.42795875668525696,
-0.05577210336923599,
-0.42411455512046814,
0.3158273994922638,
-0.09296669811010361,
-0.08949042856693268,
0.22961249947547913,
0.17621517181396484,
-0.4299165606498718,
0.45193228125572205,
0.24896511435508728,
-0.18915443122386932,
-0.32934999465942383,
0.12914741039276123,
0.18606005609035492,
0.3100334405899048,
0.787666380405426,
0.9807663559913635,
-0.15126830339431763,
0.16701021790504456,
-0.2541988492012024,
0.18792252242565155,
0.06361109018325806,
0.30785736441612244,
0.5092594623565674,
-0.677069902420044,
0.6556308269500732,
-0.5138856172561646,
0.9015425443649292,
-0.4804910123348236,
0.6633529663085938,
-0.029017090797424316,
0.8974273204803467,
-0.3265708386898041,
-0.40585267543792725,
0.8206421136856079,
-0.43085309863090515,
-0.24950246512889862,
-0.27071690559387207,
-0.32593607902526855,
-0.9048764109611511,
0.6612581610679626,
0.7002822756767273,
-0.10463659465312958,
-0.20647457242012024,
-0.2580304443836212,
-0.18695473670959473,
-0.9853352904319763,
0.20940423011779785,
0.3870254456996918,
-0.7371779680252075,
-0.0932975560426712,
-0.30106231570243835,
-0.3169788718223572,
-1.0764882564544678,
-0.7085164785385132,
1.49236261844635,
0.46768853068351746,
-0.16718903183937073,
-0.3132472038269043,
-0.5227692723274231,
-0.3498501777648926,
-0.0015690394211560488,
0.47645002603530884,
0.7312756180763245,
-0.8937624096870422,
-1.115036129951477,
-0.5301513671875,
0.45950180292129517,
-0.09339773654937744,
-0.6614331603050232,
0.019535575062036514,
-0.5152769684791565,
-0.2569853663444519,
0.2762718200683594,
0.576041042804718,
-0.19038410484790802,
0.9893384575843811,
-0.0049995663575828075
]
|
123477 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kicking%20Horse%2C%20Montana | Kicking Horse, Montana | Kicking Horse is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 286 at the 2010 census, up from 80 in 2000.
Geography
Kicking Horse is located in south-central Lake County at (47.461892, -114.084475). It covers all of Kicking Horse Reservoir and land to the east and south. The CDP extends west to U.S. Route 93, south to Eagle Pass Trail, and east to Hillside Road. The northwest boundary follows Kicking Horse Road and the northwest side of Kicking Horse Reservoir up to Mollmann Pass Trail, which forms the short northern border of the CDP. Kicking Horse is south of Polson, the Lake county seat, south of Ronan, and north of Ravalli via US 93.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Kicking Horse CDP has a total area of , of which are land and , or 32.06%, are water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 80 people, 27 households, and 19 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 32.4 people per square mile (12.5/km2). There were 29 housing units at an average density of 11.7/sq mi (4.5/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 47.50% White, 46.25% Native American, 2.50% from other races, and 3.75% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.25% of the population.
There were 27 households, out of which 48.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.6% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.32.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 33.8% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 35.0% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 2.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $28,906, and the median income for a family was $60,078. Males had a median income of $38,750 versus $7,500 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,524. There were 22.6% of families and 41.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including 100.0% of under eighteens and 50.0% of those over 64.
References
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.5034329891204834,
0.602284848690033,
-0.16601325571537018,
0.17079947888851166,
-0.04229307919740677,
0.21357591450214386,
0.7530397176742554,
0.6657146215438843,
0.35489702224731445,
-0.09435781836509705,
-0.19154660403728485,
-0.11089663952589035,
-0.9694730043411255,
0.4774998426437378,
-0.3102419674396515,
0.2275475710630417,
0.2200884222984314,
0.5749576091766357,
0.6234974265098572,
-0.2463286966085434,
0.2808682322502136,
-0.5268104672431946,
0.28328248858451843,
0.6452675461769104,
0.0926295816898346,
0.6358219981193542,
0.5707286596298218,
0.20233820378780365,
-0.43423977494239807,
0.29775142669677734,
-0.1277940571308136,
0.4308779239654541,
-0.6719827651977539,
-0.2195284217596054,
0.06341691315174103,
0.1987309455871582,
0.41127097606658936,
0.07527413219213486,
0.49535423517227173,
-0.47265398502349854,
0.07022350281476974,
-0.14826536178588867,
0.06795475631952286,
-0.002096059499308467,
0.20017366111278534,
-0.1294454038143158,
-1.2170917987823486,
0.524199903011322,
-0.6191053986549377,
-0.9075635075569153,
-0.6380272507667542,
0.09465347230434418,
-0.007403584197163582,
0.43771690130233765,
0.45196524262428284,
0.48775550723075867,
-0.23071199655532837,
0.20466063916683197,
0.27127698063850403,
-0.08533427119255066,
-0.35593321919441223,
0.29062777757644653,
0.06975972652435303,
-0.023087037727236748,
-0.5596235394477844,
-0.4448882043361664,
0.34120476245880127,
0.6287800073623657,
0.38082486391067505,
-0.6757486462593079,
-0.14167313277721405,
-0.02135772630572319,
-0.44695112109184265,
0.4382387697696686,
0.20337030291557312,
0.32708731293678284,
-0.5807210206985474,
0.07091659307479858,
-0.08598015457391739,
0.3239403963088989,
0.39616331458091736,
0.21092358231544495,
0.18428556621074677,
0.19254784286022186,
-0.18448463082313538,
-0.022065825760364532,
-0.4700241684913635,
-0.333330363035202,
-0.27458474040031433,
0.9059264659881592,
-0.8941466212272644,
-0.40648579597473145,
-0.0972808226943016,
-0.4037301242351532,
-0.2292083203792572,
-0.1611560583114624,
-0.0618240088224411,
0.6776832938194275,
-0.09232455492019653,
0.1679590791463852,
-0.39325615763664246,
-0.5775673985481262,
1.1793493032455444,
0.284697562456131,
-0.29594942927360535,
-0.7843815088272095,
-0.6471737027168274,
-0.23654036223888397,
0.07298674434423447,
-0.04467524588108063,
-0.5765480399131775,
0.40741345286369324,
0.23275326192378998,
-0.6196805238723755,
-0.2577357292175293,
-0.0946589782834053,
-0.20153239369392395,
-0.3718327283859253,
-0.5781193971633911,
-0.07105369120836258,
0.06878683716058731,
0.10552594810724258,
-0.5810586810112,
0.0774550661444664,
-0.6721389889717102,
0.4874405860900879,
0.7767456769943237,
0.24123790860176086,
0.27588871121406555,
0.08311682194471359,
-0.6917262673377991,
0.5108743906021118,
0.12176746129989624,
0.25967395305633545,
-0.1576041281223297,
-0.5981480479240417,
-0.36393558979034424,
-0.5927309989929199,
0.16400419175624847,
-0.2985556125640869,
-0.4967268407344818,
-0.32357057929039,
-0.6172393560409546,
0.13208861649036407,
0.41234225034713745,
0.10385039448738098,
-0.12594935297966003,
-0.42871320247650146,
0.21032461524009705,
0.17098332941532135,
-0.15290920436382294,
0.36047250032424927,
0.23100267350673676,
0.9764735698699951,
-0.18100404739379883,
0.2221382111310959,
0.4330773949623108,
0.17008981108665466,
0.16681063175201416,
0.47520455718040466,
0.23537731170654297,
0.7678742408752441,
0.7172330617904663,
0.28156816959381104,
0.6874810457229614,
-0.48115840554237366,
0.7389135956764221,
-0.5032106637954712,
-0.31383755803108215,
0.3603692650794983,
0.052483949810266495,
0.7399110794067383,
0.9576229453086853,
-0.03630322962999344,
-0.16413210332393646,
-0.5361079573631287,
0.6376922130584717,
0.48291608691215515,
0.01086659636348486,
-0.24238461256027222,
-0.8177709579467773,
0.40911179780960083,
0.21741575002670288,
0.24954438209533691,
-0.13430964946746826,
0.24599234759807587,
0.3195250630378723,
-0.19215275347232819,
-0.41141432523727417,
-1.1229101419448853,
-0.2735763192176819,
-0.8065738081932068,
0.36903858184814453,
-0.037009261548519135,
0.8813810348510742,
-0.3231028914451599,
-0.45640209317207336,
0.1827746480703354,
0.1360827088356018,
0.1444956213235855,
-0.20012006163597107,
-0.3346625864505768,
0.6764471530914307,
-0.9140433073043823,
-0.37681519985198975,
0.36475300788879395,
0.21408292651176453,
0.06365252286195755,
0.5044596195220947,
0.9074610471725464,
0.5416684150695801,
-0.4771479070186615,
-0.08654375374317169,
0.868647575378418,
-0.6001802086830139,
-0.017398715019226074,
-0.19269569218158722,
0.12367232888936996,
0.6799036264419556,
-0.5268310904502869,
0.29860275983810425,
0.489215612411499,
-0.2022438943386078,
-0.08138396590948105,
-0.4065922796726227,
0.9088439345359802,
0.303914338350296,
0.13684585690498352,
-0.34525883197784424,
-0.12465424090623856,
0.7169978022575378,
0.4024992287158966,
0.5560649037361145,
-0.04525698721408844,
-0.05354112386703491,
-0.12105213850736618,
0.3175239861011505,
-0.605116069316864,
0.7757014632225037,
-0.617344319820404,
0.08817873895168304,
0.45762038230895996,
-0.014057041145861149,
-0.11075959354639053,
0.10408582538366318,
0.3953632414340973,
0.46755796670913696,
0.2196221947669983,
-0.33147770166397095,
-0.5690311193466187,
0.6932221055030823,
-0.18945886194705963,
0.14427991211414337,
0.03024228848516941,
0.3228730261325836,
0.01933474838733673,
-0.6371800899505615,
-0.2944973409175873,
0.47371214628219604,
-0.17873787879943848,
0.24061934649944305,
0.32596904039382935,
-0.1764945685863495,
0.10924656689167023,
0.6121441721916199,
-0.6992541551589966,
-0.386274516582489,
-0.4491939842700958,
-0.1623961329460144,
0.8146410584449768,
0.7773427367210388,
-0.008391715586185455,
-0.07717698812484741,
0.19810092449188232,
0.38756775856018066,
0.13865141570568085,
-0.18657779693603516,
-0.10208877176046371,
-1.0854657888412476,
-0.15876828134059906,
0.5906403064727783,
0.5714009404182434,
-0.20434586703777313,
-0.09496837854385376,
-0.2297208309173584,
-0.5978918075561523,
0.6565800905227661,
-0.42190515995025635,
-0.46430525183677673,
-0.3149643540382385,
-0.001194850541651249,
0.3098415732383728,
-0.31541189551353455,
0.02964714914560318,
-0.4785509705543518,
0.1876193881034851,
0.20154400169849396,
0.43832385540008545,
0.6895432472229004,
-0.6982020139694214,
0.14229977130889893,
0.3088204562664032,
-0.7100206017494202,
-0.10688327252864838,
-0.2692103981971741,
-0.47870934009552,
-0.1911763995885849,
-0.5620942115783691,
-4.9218902587890625,
0.8807538747787476,
-0.4111885726451874,
-0.42750170826911926,
0.2279900461435318,
-0.6124612092971802,
0.25815168023109436,
-0.1313759982585907,
-0.31617262959480286,
0.43040916323661804,
-0.15952809154987335,
-0.2713068127632141,
0.18256957828998566,
0.18210868537425995,
0.8547232151031494,
0.188669815659523,
1.1210933923721313,
-0.6675783395767212,
0.6647522449493408,
0.516791045665741,
-0.17574447393417358,
0.6362330913543701,
-0.22551490366458893,
0.20335370302200317,
0.548478901386261,
0.9182453155517578,
-0.46726173162460327,
-0.0062988982535898685,
-0.3567163944244385,
-0.29711273312568665,
0.140243262052536,
-0.2822244167327881,
-0.9999641180038452,
-0.3256077468395233,
0.00014136903337202966,
-0.04442640021443367,
0.4740847647190094,
-0.27551349997520447,
0.575968325138092,
-0.5247613191604614,
0.14411567151546478,
0.06035279855132103,
-0.24298129975795746,
0.019782237708568573,
0.7970826029777527,
-0.06698780506849289,
0.045658353716135025,
-0.46143919229507446,
-0.4477878510951996,
0.7676116824150085,
0.254913866519928,
0.14640763401985168,
0.39831382036209106,
0.2043692171573639,
0.7529613375663757,
-0.6621878743171692,
0.1430160403251648,
0.4884558320045471,
-0.5856618881225586,
0.8372790813446045,
0.043122511357069016,
-1.1307499408721924,
0.04882654920220375,
0.024174431338906288,
-0.2846103310585022,
-0.6704137921333313,
0.16962994635105133,
0.38161301612854004,
0.14290444552898407,
-0.09228251129388809,
0.4746781289577484,
0.2816116511821747,
-0.38504162430763245,
-0.6195420026779175,
0.7450972199440002,
-0.4373736083507538,
-0.20149323344230652,
0.31520015001296997,
-1.0586692094802856,
-0.07675022631883621,
-0.19768953323364258,
-0.24857500195503235,
0.3287869691848755,
0.26434260606765747,
0.7038394212722778,
-0.35255077481269836,
-0.11447975784540176,
-0.00942948181182146,
-0.3359804153442383,
-1.221794605255127,
0.8196768164634705,
-0.07481909543275833,
0.6507704854011536,
-0.05751722306013107,
-0.37322139739990234,
-0.0637124702334404,
0.6324290633201599,
-0.37933650612831116,
-0.007577397394925356,
-0.34216657280921936,
0.684013843536377,
-0.3744426369667053,
-0.36571788787841797,
-0.605438232421875,
-0.4324832856655121,
-0.5101945996284485,
0.2821487486362457,
0.5655047297477722,
1.1743570566177368,
-0.6986694931983948,
-0.4502389132976532,
0.25314363837242126,
-0.38800713419914246,
-0.0754096582531929,
0.16090580821037292,
0.354745090007782,
-0.43593546748161316,
0.07038000971078873,
0.40500569343566895,
0.6836757063865662,
-0.18136119842529297,
-0.20573706924915314,
-0.5356578826904297,
-0.0748165100812912,
-0.4233945608139038,
0.032374948263168335,
0.5234138369560242,
-0.4501572847366333,
-0.13322271406650543,
-0.008117351680994034,
0.027277015149593353,
0.048795126378536224,
-0.4424035847187042,
0.1804140955209732,
-0.4594629406929016,
-0.11707240343093872,
-0.6660258769989014,
-0.8527317047119141,
0.44295963644981384,
0.26587212085723877,
0.3683309555053711,
0.3336876332759857,
-0.49195486307144165,
0.43198612332344055,
0.11982938647270203,
0.24144506454467773,
-0.12896785140037537,
-0.40209701657295227,
-1.031243085861206,
0.3650452196598053,
-1.0498101711273193,
-0.43239614367485046,
-0.0946233794093132,
-0.41087606549263,
0.3682667016983032,
0.27432700991630554,
-0.22710633277893066,
0.5738904476165771,
0.47672566771507263,
-0.33840304613113403,
0.6045573949813843,
-0.6956213116645813,
-0.6465057134628296,
0.986747682094574,
-0.4144050180912018,
-0.3194047808647156,
0.00979701243340969,
-0.27667734026908875,
-0.7250198721885681,
0.4070684313774109,
0.9066610336303711,
-0.5133146643638611,
-0.19019532203674316,
0.0037708107847720385,
0.37184977531433105,
-0.4862542748451233,
-0.4521520733833313,
0.3307419717311859,
0.3199511170387268,
-0.23728099465370178,
-0.32453352212905884,
-0.5786025524139404,
-0.8535391092300415,
-0.5982794165611267,
-0.1375887393951416,
-0.3427508473396301,
-0.0099189393222332,
-0.025965319946408272,
0.20319309830665588,
0.27785468101501465,
-0.18906205892562866,
-0.19283710420131683,
0.32721012830734253,
0.26627469062805176,
-0.22587431967258453,
-0.9065985083580017,
-0.002526787808164954,
0.08754045516252518,
-0.23568281531333923,
-0.5805472731590271,
0.4388585388660431,
0.5191023349761963,
0.07548035681247711,
0.13468138873577118,
0.170506089925766,
-0.4108111560344696,
0.5670782923698425,
0.6962887644767761,
-0.6306171417236328,
0.43057316541671753,
-0.33793601393699646,
-0.8670060038566589,
0.5253125429153442,
0.7684503197669983,
0.029286401346325874,
0.37705883383750916,
0.6000489592552185,
0.5779051780700684,
-0.41278430819511414,
0.0010359754087403417,
-0.3239540457725525,
0.2791536748409271,
-0.6437060236930847,
-0.4672337770462036,
-0.3805772662162781,
0.06105447933077812,
0.03050360456109047,
-0.42427608370780945,
0.6733837723731995,
-0.8330245018005371,
-0.010452345944941044,
0.07230482995510101,
-0.12847355008125305,
0.5769011974334717,
0.46913155913352966,
0.5694186687469482,
-0.3723222613334656,
0.19262121617794037,
-0.023129483684897423,
-0.5140972137451172,
0.2041185349225998,
1.566422700881958,
0.4284004271030426,
-0.4766579866409302,
-0.34016335010528564,
0.37399822473526,
0.15954934060573578,
0.029173575341701508,
-1.0954240560531616,
0.9551125168800354,
0.6753140091896057,
-0.012350871227681637,
-0.5663469433784485,
0.3308926522731781,
0.882024347782135,
-0.7055968046188354,
-0.09720373898744583,
1.0643593072891235,
-0.12234178185462952,
0.5682369470596313,
0.7664480805397034,
-0.05069822445511818,
-0.24411936104297638,
0.3800860643386841,
0.41605132818222046,
-0.16395089030265808,
-0.02852322719991207,
-0.5734448432922363,
0.1244126558303833,
-0.8962624073028564,
-0.21699251234531403,
-0.13110129535198212,
0.26561760902404785,
-0.040392547845840454,
-0.3632693886756897,
0.16540056467056274,
0.009758418425917625,
-0.7398949265480042,
-1.0304388999938965,
-0.02893846109509468,
-0.22845076024532318,
-0.2797017991542816,
0.23324771225452423,
-0.5280345678329468,
-0.1134413406252861,
-0.8653300404548645,
-0.019929999485611916,
0.14738141000270844,
-1.0031421184539795,
-0.03547403961420059,
-0.5971685647964478,
-0.004827423952519894,
-0.11689836531877518,
-0.9489812850952148,
0.12681709229946136,
0.35299503803253174,
0.48823437094688416,
0.32925811409950256,
-0.2871255874633789,
0.1476985514163971,
-0.8114293813705444,
1.0567152500152588,
-0.1860271543264389,
-0.382367342710495,
0.02513686567544937,
-0.5951133370399475,
-0.6789557933807373,
-0.7344174981117249,
0.41849857568740845,
0.3616928160190582,
0.31374529004096985,
-0.11937518417835236,
0.3234354555606842,
0.5649356842041016,
-0.15623068809509277,
0.35952234268188477,
0.3965094983577728,
0.06751907616853714,
-0.5616012811660767,
0.4376356899738312,
-0.6430740356445312,
0.0916067510843277,
0.8417566418647766,
0.500705361366272,
-0.3089188039302826,
0.621328592300415,
-0.31555306911468506,
0.801849365234375,
0.4075361490249634,
0.34883955121040344,
-0.09046151489019394,
-1.5034456253051758,
-0.38679417967796326,
0.6045554280281067,
-0.34226927161216736,
-0.4987156093120575,
0.10689017921686172,
-0.47050464153289795,
-0.589103639125824,
0.11820723861455917,
0.03983651474118233,
-0.07353261113166809,
-0.10513251274824142,
0.19983018934726715,
0.21141953766345978,
-0.290372759103775,
-0.08321160078048706,
-0.15381531417369843,
0.27076786756515503,
-0.2621771991252899,
0.12843315303325653,
-0.33170974254608154,
-0.37923797965049744,
-0.8836395740509033,
-0.4503844678401947,
-0.1632450819015503,
0.5352518558502197,
-0.37642744183540344,
-0.8993256092071533,
0.44160905480384827,
0.05068885535001755,
-1.2422467470169067,
0.599269688129425,
-0.15460452437400818,
-0.0602753646671772,
-0.338049054145813,
0.26685401797294617,
-0.6184922456741333,
-0.33039528131484985,
0.5320814251899719,
0.5053335428237915,
0.4375900328159332,
0.37765932083129883,
0.18843910098075867,
0.4071514904499054,
0.40955057740211487,
-0.01835903711616993,
0.10820618271827698,
-0.07662569731473923,
-0.13623446226119995,
-0.22618742287158966,
0.2925100326538086,
-0.5150323510169983,
-0.41516435146331787,
0.08826138824224472,
-0.8544235825538635,
0.2480207085609436,
-0.07135622948408127,
-0.1761474311351776,
-0.5801476240158081,
0.1980617642402649,
-0.2988206148147583,
-0.32290711998939514,
-0.44997870922088623,
0.6199376583099365,
-0.24106039106845856,
0.06748941540718079,
0.5548198223114014,
0.31493228673934937,
0.5968824625015259,
0.32834765315055847,
0.055125899612903595,
0.35344991087913513,
0.032956819981336594,
0.19021765887737274,
0.5736146569252014,
-0.565561830997467,
0.2367730736732483,
-0.3249709904193878,
0.6851475834846497,
0.12059973925352097,
0.437363862991333,
-0.17207059264183044,
0.6591403484344482,
0.07140600681304932,
-0.07209241390228271,
0.3569701910018921,
-0.27075913548469543,
-0.5133238434791565,
-0.1839831918478012,
0.15230822563171387,
-0.8288885951042175,
0.35778066515922546,
0.3676601052284241,
-0.3153158724308014,
-0.3693675994873047,
-0.1730637401342392,
-0.4648609757423401,
-1.0966742038726807,
0.37558960914611816,
0.08004593849182129,
-0.7489347457885742,
-0.27765536308288574,
-0.27230364084243774,
-0.243628591299057,
-1.1894327402114868,
-0.09749676287174225,
1.4327013492584229,
0.4757261872291565,
-0.20508110523223877,
0.2312752604484558,
-0.25624722242355347,
-0.04924739524722099,
0.5176427364349365,
0.6129690408706665,
0.8764657378196716,
-0.7533313035964966,
-0.9961426854133606,
-0.48202621936798096,
0.6378545165061951,
-0.3425107002258301,
0.2087806612253189,
-0.015217436477541924,
-0.21643909811973572,
0.08046330511569977,
0.39170053601264954,
0.6957762837409973,
-0.4372986853122711,
0.8236027956008911,
-0.09187621623277664
]
|
123478 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kings%20Point%2C%20Montana | Kings Point, Montana | Kings Point is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 151 at the 2010 census, down from 169 in 2000.
Geography
Kings Point is located in north-central Lake County at (47.771010, -114.145468). It occupies the western shore of Flathead Lake from Black Point in the north to the community of Rocky Point in the south. Physical features along the lake that are in the CDP from north to south include Safety Bay, The Narrows, Lansing Point, Kings Point, Stone Quarry Bay, and Wolf Point. Black Point Road, Kings Point Road, and Rocky Point Road form the western edge of the CDP. The community is north of Polson, the county seat.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 169 people, 82 households, and 60 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 120.4 people per square mile (46.6/km2). There were 295 housing units at an average density of 210.2/sq mi (81.4/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 85.21% White, 8.28% Native American, 1.78% Asian, and 4.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.18% of the population.
There were 82 households, out of which 12.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.9% were married couples living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.8% were non-families. 19.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.32.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 9.5% under the age of 18, 3.0% from 18 to 24, 14.2% from 25 to 44, 37.3% from 45 to 64, and 36.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 57 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $19,750, and the median income for a family was $73,281. Males had a median income of $0 versus $12,292 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $22,827. None of the families and 13.2% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 18.9% of those over 64.
References
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.5108528137207031,
0.9519456028938293,
0.7215940356254578,
-0.022469375282526016,
0.6319281458854675,
0.14978958666324615,
0.7903591394424438,
0.28491681814193726,
-0.2595677971839905,
-0.09880078583955765,
-0.06590966135263443,
-0.3758791387081146,
-0.3310142457485199,
0.5204150080680847,
-0.5504676699638367,
0.14728598296642303,
0.06717472523450851,
0.6412789821624756,
1.1023746728897095,
-0.6233310103416443,
0.2672739624977112,
-0.2979951500892639,
0.1858537644147873,
0.2725759744644165,
-0.12492378056049347,
0.6909927129745483,
0.4643426537513733,
0.08109667152166367,
-0.23581600189208984,
0.3772772550582886,
0.012964125722646713,
0.5344487428665161,
-0.3899017572402954,
-0.12388663738965988,
0.08090084791183472,
-0.351567804813385,
0.5354723930358887,
0.007357470691204071,
-0.22369779646396637,
-0.17677555978298187,
-0.24843035638332367,
-0.3156636357307434,
0.16666479408740997,
-0.4159236252307892,
0.2887004017829895,
-0.39259567856788635,
-1.2078834772109985,
0.23576632142066956,
-0.8805110454559326,
-0.28124046325683594,
-1.0339456796646118,
-0.08799909055233002,
-0.22387374937534332,
0.08900704234838486,
0.8162922263145447,
0.39534637331962585,
-0.5371266007423401,
0.19641995429992676,
0.6166213750839233,
0.051758378744125366,
-0.4358993470668793,
0.46772950887680054,
0.0813881978392601,
0.11253140866756439,
0.5081995129585266,
-0.43870189785957336,
0.45461511611938477,
0.1801430881023407,
0.6649695038795471,
-0.592269241809845,
-0.01034296303987503,
-0.033557940274477005,
-0.02924627624452114,
0.49948179721832275,
0.2339455485343933,
0.933504045009613,
-0.7680726647377014,
0.20648938417434692,
0.13434205949306488,
0.06230305880308151,
0.17537200450897217,
-0.19368647038936615,
0.4006018042564392,
0.5160778164863586,
-0.07333298027515411,
0.26642927527427673,
-0.5510435104370117,
-0.31018945574760437,
-0.028144750744104385,
0.8305182456970215,
-1.2444497346878052,
-0.16795991361141205,
0.09380973875522614,
-0.5444739460945129,
-0.058278460055589676,
-0.06662736088037491,
-0.4005877673625946,
0.6754834651947021,
0.010787852108478546,
0.1264176219701767,
-0.5502546429634094,
-0.08103414624929428,
1.246042251586914,
-0.23654839396476746,
-0.5262497067451477,
-0.7439649105072021,
-0.6230663657188416,
0.22330842912197113,
0.28763893246650696,
-0.22991019487380981,
-0.40927860140800476,
0.12086466699838638,
0.256746768951416,
-0.3577893376350403,
-0.058351367712020874,
1.0823794603347778,
-0.11382295191287994,
-0.5020819306373596,
-0.600565493106842,
-0.20185230672359467,
0.5980691313743591,
0.26217296719551086,
-0.1599234640598297,
-0.23157064616680145,
0.03492475673556328,
0.4980347454547882,
0.349549800157547,
-0.12045932561159134,
0.2297877073287964,
0.2866695523262024,
-0.5697691440582275,
0.48700982332229614,
-0.191971093416214,
0.5195521116256714,
-0.05857917293906212,
-0.24098601937294006,
-0.08767323940992355,
-0.22015468776226044,
0.4575386047363281,
0.255257248878479,
-0.6003932356834412,
0.004123779013752937,
0.14661213755607605,
-0.43701544404029846,
0.8384524583816528,
0.13429144024848938,
0.4171832799911499,
-0.9086186289787292,
-0.1282987743616104,
0.07956472039222717,
0.036822088062763214,
0.578693687915802,
0.6270699501037598,
0.16095192730426788,
0.5461462140083313,
0.33836570382118225,
0.8749508857727051,
0.4988460838794708,
0.4625803828239441,
0.3911716639995575,
-0.20087824761867523,
1.1503616571426392,
0.877795398235321,
0.5258406400680542,
0.7233256697654724,
-0.40811818838119507,
0.5685696601867676,
-0.8560076951980591,
0.12257001549005508,
0.8317354917526245,
-0.18003074824810028,
0.7422196865081787,
0.4529160261154175,
-0.14285242557525635,
-0.23799805343151093,
-0.7378453016281128,
0.48794934153556824,
0.7327240109443665,
0.0481979176402092,
-0.33198967576026917,
-0.6107727885246277,
0.4989996552467346,
-0.17295609414577484,
0.1768629252910614,
-0.3991166353225708,
0.11661726981401443,
0.6797274351119995,
0.15201711654663086,
-0.387063592672348,
-0.9241439700126648,
-0.22601549327373505,
-0.7412909269332886,
0.814753532409668,
-0.4727908670902252,
0.6053527593612671,
0.11846669763326645,
-0.3355706036090851,
0.8019449710845947,
-0.7260137796401978,
0.3870447874069214,
-0.2888624370098114,
0.17343910038471222,
0.7239776253700256,
-0.7776502370834351,
-0.5135117769241333,
0.14054091274738312,
-0.053829170763492584,
-0.294950932264328,
0.688050389289856,
0.3794642388820648,
0.1101892739534378,
-0.32290711998939514,
-0.25067776441574097,
0.9246556758880615,
-0.7183368802070618,
-0.34128591418266296,
-0.14043183624744415,
0.016638444736599922,
0.46442729234695435,
-0.5236637592315674,
0.7130200862884521,
-0.06338626146316528,
0.42444083094596863,
-0.10028998553752899,
-0.06467343866825104,
0.6176049113273621,
0.6925700902938843,
0.2824706435203552,
-0.4512415826320648,
0.37509840726852417,
-0.10087799280881882,
0.2776952385902405,
0.6131978034973145,
0.068812295794487,
-0.08328556269407272,
0.32791876792907715,
0.09553379565477371,
-0.5495801568031311,
0.3531331717967987,
-0.464995801448822,
-0.1684829741716385,
0.09649953991174698,
-0.19377580285072327,
-0.13599152863025665,
0.17230287194252014,
0.6915678381919861,
0.07302849739789963,
0.07834862172603607,
-0.28333643078804016,
-0.29187914729118347,
-0.09602886438369751,
0.02251095324754715,
0.09467659145593643,
0.0012759316014125943,
0.3290109932422638,
0.5052364468574524,
-0.5140622854232788,
-0.11083219200372696,
0.22625276446342468,
0.09114878624677658,
0.1310797929763794,
0.09133786708116531,
-0.46804526448249817,
0.10039670765399933,
0.11687776446342468,
-0.674775242805481,
-0.13409486413002014,
-0.4394579529762268,
-0.06489662081003189,
0.7949126958847046,
0.26310089230537415,
-0.3430611789226532,
-0.4104136526584625,
0.25845101475715637,
0.7160013318061829,
-0.14215420186519623,
-0.26580020785331726,
-0.6127395033836365,
-0.33716005086898804,
-0.016084661707282066,
0.6502795815467834,
0.7842095494270325,
-0.2571198046207428,
-0.19074934720993042,
-0.19770653545856476,
-0.5288612246513367,
0.4027778208255768,
-0.059557076543569565,
-0.18932212889194489,
-0.33387133479118347,
-0.2586964964866638,
0.05068548768758774,
-0.5366992950439453,
0.0066160717979073524,
-0.6590635180473328,
0.21385611593723297,
0.17571204900741577,
-0.05094292387366295,
0.8574885129928589,
-0.5436807870864868,
-0.5628676414489746,
0.31310948729515076,
-0.5742977857589722,
0.41255009174346924,
0.31969061493873596,
-0.02615715004503727,
0.24087835848331451,
-0.23950941860675812,
-4.826263904571533,
0.5260524749755859,
-0.42407500743865967,
-0.38937827944755554,
0.12509620189666748,
-0.4334477186203003,
0.1621936857700348,
-0.5864527225494385,
-0.10701222717761993,
0.23417671024799347,
0.13645929098129272,
-0.23276905715465546,
0.0358753465116024,
0.6398839950561523,
1.08544921875,
0.445995956659317,
0.9070001840591431,
-0.02251995913684368,
0.8716136813163757,
0.20820751786231995,
-0.03193855285644531,
0.3149509131908417,
0.08508197218179703,
-0.13637536764144897,
0.6279297471046448,
1.0350548028945923,
-0.2956591844558716,
-0.10377289354801178,
-0.9358327984809875,
-0.6447865962982178,
-0.03863203525543213,
0.1661486178636551,
-0.408684104681015,
-0.4929787516593933,
0.15234646201133728,
-0.2423267811536789,
0.3525993824005127,
-0.1995360106229782,
0.43665918707847595,
-0.07612521946430206,
0.6040892004966736,
0.18285386264324188,
-0.22804677486419678,
-0.44832611083984375,
0.8079267740249634,
0.02842557244002819,
-0.21421018242835999,
-0.04147611930966377,
-0.09240029752254486,
0.4462755620479584,
0.4631302058696747,
0.07913846522569656,
0.6738572716712952,
-0.14878541231155396,
0.06708864122629166,
-0.33741456270217896,
-0.22764600813388824,
0.1924748420715332,
-0.6687663793563843,
0.6089174747467041,
0.46286311745643616,
-0.9832593202590942,
0.21028216183185577,
-0.15142880380153656,
-0.3423205018043518,
-0.6288032531738281,
0.03626353293657303,
0.5732414126396179,
0.30818039178848267,
-0.035163514316082,
-0.010825542733073235,
0.14966998994350433,
-0.4892042279243469,
-0.7737520337104797,
0.19874517619609833,
-1.0291422605514526,
-0.20992445945739746,
0.18955901265144348,
-0.8042795658111572,
-0.16553257405757904,
0.0002899154496844858,
0.24207594990730286,
0.24394437670707703,
0.6081176400184631,
0.8238084316253662,
-0.5007929801940918,
-0.3141656517982483,
0.010408713482320309,
-0.4998019337654114,
-0.88266921043396,
0.5025914311408997,
-0.08133681863546371,
0.5047799348831177,
-0.22303885221481323,
-0.1561569720506668,
0.017083918675780296,
0.43148374557495117,
-0.149898499250412,
-0.0012190300039947033,
-0.5947362184524536,
0.2707151472568512,
-0.060445379465818405,
0.35299062728881836,
-0.5847035646438599,
-0.5288844108581543,
-0.5563944578170776,
0.33523938059806824,
0.41067904233932495,
0.24322137236595154,
-0.6781121492385864,
-0.7605916857719421,
0.185421884059906,
-0.25196129083633423,
0.16574980318546295,
0.07088413089513779,
-0.09427063167095184,
-0.8140325546264648,
0.22843089699745178,
0.5553789138793945,
0.6134260892868042,
0.05129069462418556,
-0.2823339104652405,
-0.4248740077018738,
-0.13434872031211853,
-0.2282639443874359,
-0.7240369319915771,
0.3782274127006531,
-0.14910918474197388,
-0.23575562238693237,
-0.04075836017727852,
0.3238556683063507,
-0.06688287109136581,
-0.1369217187166214,
-0.36262938380241394,
-0.3240629732608795,
0.3507368266582489,
-0.9974397420883179,
-0.6567643880844116,
0.46305373311042786,
0.4620305597782135,
0.20018227398395538,
0.38589438796043396,
-0.1841796189546585,
1.1600240468978882,
-0.1216408982872963,
0.339526504278183,
0.24055169522762299,
0.12009701877832413,
-0.7540034651756287,
0.3671911358833313,
-0.78545743227005,
-0.11238894611597061,
0.09032417833805084,
-0.7020633816719055,
0.6034916639328003,
-0.5708712339401245,
-0.11474823951721191,
0.9376412034034729,
0.36982205510139465,
-0.6118144989013672,
-0.0017629220383241773,
-0.7036716341972351,
-0.6367535591125488,
0.7865273952484131,
-0.28270816802978516,
-0.19317127764225006,
-0.7192937135696411,
-0.02110089547932148,
-0.20325715839862823,
0.5351521372795105,
0.9447388052940369,
-0.4681191146373749,
-0.4682026207447052,
0.026650501415133476,
0.22404195368289948,
-0.19032853841781616,
-0.5107002258300781,
0.14955300092697144,
0.1402597725391388,
-0.5008588433265686,
-0.35218340158462524,
-0.12021372467279434,
-0.46343836188316345,
-0.6089106202125549,
-0.02568100392818451,
-0.3758741617202759,
-0.22338815033435822,
-0.33413049578666687,
-0.028569620102643967,
0.14787298440933228,
0.034503597766160965,
-0.7066138982772827,
0.35380974411964417,
0.22116731107234955,
-0.24378633499145508,
-0.8485446572303772,
0.12758825719356537,
0.2615986168384552,
-0.6436252593994141,
-0.5526838898658752,
0.10014759749174118,
0.444357305765152,
-0.11226753145456314,
0.27633896470069885,
0.018480949103832245,
-0.5898765325546265,
0.40769776701927185,
0.9004946351051331,
-0.4090859293937683,
0.931966245174408,
-0.5983157753944397,
-0.6635763049125671,
0.6402245163917542,
1.09751558303833,
0.00648124236613512,
0.49068301916122437,
0.3981063663959503,
-0.1233830526471138,
-0.36372560262680054,
-0.21478769183158875,
0.08538234233856201,
0.2584652900695801,
-0.4198497533798218,
-0.8440693020820618,
-0.5794394016265869,
0.17983810603618622,
0.47553551197052,
-0.32268965244293213,
0.8971680402755737,
-0.8773049116134644,
0.13928288221359253,
-0.12019829452037811,
-0.1036282479763031,
0.08655506372451782,
0.5025829672813416,
0.3168780505657196,
-0.33584243059158325,
0.022793151438236237,
1.091342568397522,
0.10545239597558975,
-0.009310717694461346,
1.5606889724731445,
0.6907922625541687,
-0.8402101993560791,
-0.2572452127933502,
0.5649950504302979,
0.47083115577697754,
-0.4246973693370819,
-1.1050845384597778,
0.8135752081871033,
0.8621219396591187,
-0.6172652244567871,
-0.43550413846969604,
-0.10140452533960342,
0.9663821458816528,
-0.5345423817634583,
-0.2744069993495941,
0.7500749230384827,
-0.36044296622276306,
0.09970597177743912,
0.3782365024089813,
0.4511369466781616,
0.01982867904007435,
0.012193161062896252,
0.4460320770740509,
-0.1328791230916977,
-0.1786980777978897,
0.013147765770554543,
0.21792282164096832,
-1.091403841972351,
-0.19990725815296173,
-0.4077937602996826,
-0.20781667530536652,
0.14092251658439636,
-0.14912624657154083,
-0.011500013060867786,
0.42830607295036316,
-1.0464999675750732,
-0.3894689977169037,
-0.2450173944234848,
-0.8048660159111023,
0.10180862993001938,
0.1275355964899063,
-0.5109193325042725,
-0.11335979402065277,
-1.0088177919387817,
-0.4367237985134125,
0.49891579151153564,
-0.5918425917625427,
0.9092935919761658,
-0.9918674230575562,
-0.036834411323070526,
0.08052164316177368,
-0.9039382338523865,
-0.13795502483844757,
-0.08619584143161774,
0.290829598903656,
0.41674816608428955,
-0.5680422782897949,
0.10155904293060303,
-0.6260418891906738,
0.4582940936088562,
-0.37397077679634094,
-0.7308499813079834,
0.38103416562080383,
-0.11403241753578186,
-0.6905990839004517,
-0.9139890670776367,
0.1448010951280594,
0.5895712971687317,
0.6045113205909729,
-0.09621952474117279,
0.3533485531806946,
0.5063252449035645,
-0.789293110370636,
0.10435348004102707,
0.42131707072257996,
-0.3297317326068878,
-0.4956120252609253,
0.5898690819740295,
-0.4824236333370209,
0.48943790793418884,
0.7868466973304749,
0.23068872094154358,
0.04342968761920929,
0.7327289581298828,
0.05261017382144928,
-0.02519702911376953,
-0.06460980325937271,
0.20544004440307617,
-0.46167030930519104,
-0.9061533212661743,
-0.5502167344093323,
0.004969661124050617,
-0.7734231352806091,
-0.4823013246059418,
-0.13369165360927582,
-0.23429742455482483,
-0.3104422390460968,
0.221549853682518,
0.15881554782390594,
-0.17075149714946747,
0.15476509928703308,
0.11163001507520676,
0.16090178489685059,
-0.49956852197647095,
0.22974690794944763,
-0.3141833245754242,
0.4573254883289337,
-0.48407071828842163,
0.002103101694956422,
-0.5421753525733948,
-0.49832189083099365,
-0.9879815578460693,
-0.3563973009586334,
0.02995152957737446,
-0.18765856325626373,
-0.7130866646766663,
-0.4576215147972107,
0.3302709460258484,
-0.12417793273925781,
-1.2813769578933716,
0.4055427610874176,
0.3783217668533325,
0.1995134800672531,
-0.5136132836341858,
0.9930380582809448,
-0.7270694971084595,
-0.14287781715393066,
0.586176872253418,
0.2956019937992096,
0.5243889093399048,
0.10351164638996124,
0.2986485958099365,
-0.030354147776961327,
0.16046905517578125,
0.08848873525857925,
0.5922937393188477,
-0.32577815651893616,
-0.28576475381851196,
-0.3266320526599884,
0.3490128517150879,
-0.03594839200377464,
-0.33544567227363586,
-0.23213905096054077,
-0.7988492846488953,
0.003687689546495676,
0.005171267315745354,
-0.19090768694877625,
-0.6836037039756775,
0.22235336899757385,
-0.2038375735282898,
-0.39718523621559143,
-0.21073932945728302,
-0.34711459279060364,
0.332518607378006,
0.01091346237808466,
0.5325702428817749,
0.460161417722702,
0.4428078532218933,
0.18973761796951294,
0.21191628277301788,
0.3325810134410858,
0.07495688647031784,
0.27399614453315735,
0.6083893775939941,
-0.5684497356414795,
-0.11467815190553665,
0.02255033701658249,
0.6661444306373596,
-0.364790678024292,
0.48445025086402893,
-0.3352777063846588,
0.5446817874908447,
-0.621536910533905,
0.19756266474723816,
0.6689786911010742,
-0.19730764627456665,
-0.16791437566280365,
-0.07470035552978516,
-0.5491901636123657,
-0.4837050437927246,
0.4300837516784668,
0.5702999234199524,
-0.34218594431877136,
-0.28117093443870544,
0.20470300316810608,
-0.23208186030387878,
-1.2145707607269287,
0.434232622385025,
-0.08238717168569565,
-0.7560808658599854,
-0.09669661521911621,
0.16830161213874817,
-0.19285137951374054,
-1.080409049987793,
-0.40686267614364624,
1.3395277261734009,
0.6072695255279541,
-0.6799879670143127,
-0.09617891162633896,
-0.03510880470275879,
0.4919653832912445,
-0.14989838004112244,
0.8943927884101868,
0.40036746859550476,
-0.6676347255706787,
-0.8982672095298767,
-0.8835387229919434,
0.24143218994140625,
-0.15369950234889984,
-0.2721313536167145,
-0.1485590934753418,
-0.33986613154411316,
0.41229355335235596,
0.35198092460632324,
0.5767224431037903,
-0.4802255630493164,
0.6600172519683838,
-0.2921935021877289
]
|
123479 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravalli%2C%20Montana | Ravalli, Montana | Ravalli (Salish: sk̓ʷɫólqʷe, sk̓ʷɫʔó) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 76 at the 2010 census, down from 119 in 2000. At one time Charlie Allard, the country's leading expert on breeding bison, owned the country's largest herd of buffalo in Ravalli.
History
A post office called Ravalli was established in 1887 and remained in operation until 1983. The community was named for Antonio Ravalli, a Jesuit missionary to the Indians.
Geography
Ravalli is located in southern Lake County at (47.273710, -114.178334), at the junction of U.S. Route 93 and Montana Highway 200, at the bottom of a big hill near the Bison Range. US 93 leads north to Polson, the Lake county seat, and south to Missoula. MT 200 leads west to Dixon.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which , or 0.42%, are water. The community is in the valley of the Jocko River, which flows northwest to the Flathead River at Dixon.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Ravalli has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 119 people, 48 households, and 30 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 44.8 people per square mile (17.3/km). There were 52 housing units at an average density of 19.6 per square mile (7.6/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 71.43% White, 27.73% Native American, and 0.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.72% of the population.
There were 48 households, out of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.7% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.03.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.7% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 33.6% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 10.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $26,750, and the median income for a family was $29,688. Males had a median income of $4,750 versus $32,708 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,094. There were 16.0% of families and 24.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.
References
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.19561119377613068,
0.6345971822738647,
-0.012810456566512585,
-0.66166752576828,
0.4128186106681824,
0.639406144618988,
0.9783533215522766,
0.13238228857517242,
-0.18474984169006348,
0.09772320091724396,
-0.0573306679725647,
-0.08013082295656204,
-0.4846678376197815,
0.7242294549942017,
-0.5401071906089783,
0.5292647480964661,
0.39688098430633545,
0.3995656669139862,
0.8960369825363159,
0.2685506045818329,
-0.15710553526878357,
-0.504481852054596,
0.4628608822822571,
0.46656543016433716,
-0.019944068044424057,
0.5440310835838318,
0.41585400700569153,
0.5223742723464966,
-0.17616012692451477,
0.04320724308490753,
0.11529885232448578,
0.8352737426757812,
-0.060928959399461746,
-0.44416743516921997,
0.3845953643321991,
-0.22438161075115204,
0.6976842284202576,
-0.2872418165206909,
0.04824283346533775,
-0.49189916253089905,
-0.35773709416389465,
-0.16965043544769287,
0.4719564914703369,
0.12086516618728638,
-0.1646312028169632,
-0.5973695516586304,
-1.313604712486267,
0.6170094609260559,
-0.9375362396240234,
-0.15703634917736053,
-0.8600038886070251,
-0.08788610249757767,
0.11124638468027115,
-0.3472890853881836,
0.3750426471233368,
0.7740079760551453,
-0.6803150177001953,
0.17447490990161896,
0.44939476251602173,
0.019111894071102142,
-0.310702919960022,
0.0825037732720375,
0.047462061047554016,
-0.2065124660730362,
-0.3518231511116028,
0.06272278726100922,
-0.02732478827238083,
-0.15555988252162933,
-0.09475121647119522,
-0.7189006209373474,
-0.3315679430961609,
-0.09800253063440323,
-0.3208736479282379,
0.3615797758102417,
0.13892467319965363,
0.34531137347221375,
-1.027280330657959,
-0.12062808871269226,
0.07212349027395248,
0.08868324756622314,
0.3111206591129303,
-0.016431622207164764,
0.5317400097846985,
0.035170916467905045,
0.052945785224437714,
0.1894870400428772,
-0.5577524900436401,
0.01551431231200695,
0.19307106733322144,
0.9386982917785645,
-1.1267006397247314,
-0.49424177408218384,
0.6584610342979431,
0.05490858480334282,
-0.20196107029914856,
-0.3435470461845398,
-0.047180719673633575,
0.06197796389460564,
-0.1911858469247818,
0.2199680358171463,
-0.9305204749107361,
0.09058871865272522,
1.282590627670288,
0.23567232489585876,
-0.8657355308532715,
-0.39040085673332214,
-0.9054540991783142,
0.5000033378601074,
-0.2911602258682251,
-0.14016400277614594,
-0.3034454584121704,
0.6911851763725281,
-0.23515616357326508,
-0.47551408410072327,
-0.17175814509391785,
0.20049969851970673,
0.12705177068710327,
-0.29560649394989014,
-0.5902487635612488,
-0.12975995242595673,
0.46579450368881226,
0.5969911813735962,
0.19388146698474884,
0.2044149786233902,
0.03370732069015503,
0.12324637919664383,
0.6405287384986877,
-0.34800973534584045,
-0.015545745380222797,
0.35263335704803467,
-0.11279458552598953,
1.005004644393921,
0.19871902465820312,
0.45289379358291626,
0.05120934545993805,
-0.49929580092430115,
-0.39322713017463684,
-0.5633192658424377,
0.41035157442092896,
-0.08523238450288773,
-1.023158311843872,
0.21953924000263214,
0.030497565865516663,
0.05244157835841179,
0.7422130703926086,
0.1919436901807785,
0.2649746835231781,
-0.6671611070632935,
0.2420627474784851,
-0.8328861594200134,
0.30151018500328064,
0.04590107128024101,
0.19731375575065613,
0.36528146266937256,
0.3922308087348938,
0.17094123363494873,
0.5005753040313721,
-0.05906222015619278,
0.4113340973854065,
0.4278799295425415,
0.325959712266922,
1.335871696472168,
0.5352736711502075,
0.1095115914940834,
0.6272733211517334,
-0.007521877530962229,
-0.022690625861287117,
-0.02880970947444439,
0.25715669989585876,
0.5500141382217407,
-0.2757761478424072,
0.2740081548690796,
0.6079303622245789,
0.10339193046092987,
-0.35000497102737427,
-0.29477670788764954,
0.56011563539505,
0.21386690437793732,
-0.029455315321683884,
-0.3068794906139374,
-0.5437719225883484,
0.6669894456863403,
-0.41677817702293396,
0.576598584651947,
-0.1095203384757042,
-0.13786236941814423,
0.45824190974235535,
0.04228056222200394,
-0.06822992116212845,
-0.699692964553833,
-0.5769358277320862,
-0.7152374982833862,
0.9754417538642883,
-0.0338418148458004,
0.6782926321029663,
0.050431400537490845,
-0.5793614387512207,
0.9685891270637512,
-0.3108595907688141,
0.38157862424850464,
-0.5742508172988892,
-0.2063414454460144,
0.5990258455276489,
-0.7660218477249146,
-0.12754282355308533,
-0.1849491447210312,
0.48842957615852356,
0.05544213950634003,
0.3366919159889221,
0.5258035063743591,
0.20095610618591309,
-0.15662647783756256,
0.16854742169380188,
0.5918264985084534,
-0.02110689878463745,
-0.05652227997779846,
-0.226371631026268,
0.21095499396324158,
0.34715574979782104,
0.041140615940093994,
0.7739107608795166,
-0.2210874706506729,
0.03800089657306671,
-0.20030295848846436,
0.04998641088604927,
0.37617823481559753,
1.1847625970840454,
0.15407508611679077,
0.07075247913599014,
0.4672481417655945,
0.47584936022758484,
0.3460915684700012,
0.6171177625656128,
-0.17125219106674194,
-0.2920536994934082,
-0.044476814568042755,
0.08237451314926147,
-0.21710704267024994,
0.8114990592002869,
-0.7864173650741577,
-0.22033706307411194,
0.19379089772701263,
-0.2910977602005005,
-0.12376481294631958,
0.44029489159584045,
0.6310448050498962,
0.15708443522453308,
-0.02932433970272541,
-0.052319031208753586,
-0.20772451162338257,
-0.0737185999751091,
-0.08892273902893066,
0.03223104774951935,
0.3903580904006958,
0.7804285287857056,
0.16808846592903137,
-0.18757779896259308,
-0.14696596562862396,
0.4530985355377197,
-0.0674772784113884,
-0.04837242513895035,
-0.044974781572818756,
0.02915956825017929,
-0.027188291773200035,
0.49663713574409485,
-0.16536056995391846,
-0.23190127313137054,
-0.7619043588638306,
0.39240729808807373,
1.0149166584014893,
-0.055693965405225754,
-0.16916899383068085,
-0.7274489402770996,
0.33803868293762207,
0.8583258986473083,
-0.1563638597726822,
-0.1071610376238823,
-0.3590278625488281,
-0.6679787039756775,
0.17498120665550232,
0.44481948018074036,
0.4901363253593445,
-0.24851353466510773,
-0.45824137330055237,
-0.5138128399848938,
-0.6381633877754211,
1.0194212198257446,
0.09035418927669525,
-0.31474143266677856,
-0.1807202398777008,
-0.4557093381881714,
-0.41660335659980774,
-0.5591622591018677,
0.08362031728029251,
-0.850396454334259,
0.2523431181907654,
0.1994107961654663,
-0.1816500872373581,
0.6069075465202332,
-1.0386282205581665,
-0.16875241696834564,
-0.05991675704717636,
-0.30458390712738037,
0.32109230756759644,
-0.2244691699743271,
0.07337683439254761,
0.4190276563167572,
-0.24810147285461426,
-5.017860412597656,
0.45178526639938354,
-0.356627881526947,
-0.64597088098526,
-0.06682749092578888,
-0.283281534910202,
-0.09457995742559433,
-0.25320395827293396,
0.21751074492931366,
-0.20953227579593658,
-0.19833219051361084,
-0.22821766138076782,
0.17702949047088623,
0.7981551885604858,
0.8717120289802551,
0.30331504344940186,
0.4595574736595154,
0.2406122237443924,
0.2683267593383789,
0.7426149845123291,
0.015030771493911743,
0.1534120738506317,
-0.12130925804376602,
-0.06245056539773941,
0.5395557880401611,
1.152479648590088,
0.007577921263873577,
-0.16593490540981293,
-0.7922855019569397,
-0.4929935932159424,
-0.02391769364476204,
0.20710042119026184,
-0.3508679270744324,
-0.4877161383628845,
0.23159492015838623,
0.0027025833260267973,
0.2800416350364685,
0.014000953175127506,
1.0845462083816528,
-0.24457436800003052,
0.44737350940704346,
0.48190826177597046,
-0.16747212409973145,
-0.5532185435295105,
0.8070741295814514,
-0.15640296041965485,
-0.6241500377655029,
0.0263411495834589,
-0.082371786236763,
0.7636241912841797,
0.005243764724582434,
0.6145274639129639,
0.6206890940666199,
0.5766932368278503,
-0.029386159032583237,
-0.0739227905869484,
-0.2982335090637207,
0.3031408488750458,
0.05162589251995087,
0.8383030891418457,
0.1528782695531845,
-0.8591948747634888,
-0.18476822972297668,
-0.1626388281583786,
-0.4288646876811981,
-0.5942503213882446,
0.15576639771461487,
-0.15289893746376038,
-0.015766438096761703,
0.22995558381080627,
-0.16529379785060883,
-0.00984047632664442,
-0.7081238627433777,
-0.7658578753471375,
0.572514533996582,
-1.195805549621582,
-0.19559912383556366,
0.14720593392848969,
-0.3597988188266754,
0.10254589468240738,
-0.32876864075660706,
-0.44813272356987,
-0.1274077147245407,
0.28957900404930115,
0.716673731803894,
-0.45156365633010864,
0.10927674919366837,
-0.2928033471107483,
-0.3200962245464325,
-0.9610282182693481,
0.798107922077179,
-0.4611605405807495,
0.7345526218414307,
-0.17826342582702637,
-0.08890987187623978,
-0.012119876220822334,
0.6611114144325256,
-0.24322359263896942,
0.520572304725647,
-0.03382468223571777,
0.31230419874191284,
-0.4850198030471802,
-0.04845429211854935,
-0.23891648650169373,
-0.22734832763671875,
-0.14076249301433563,
-0.2856907248497009,
0.1488066166639328,
0.6091904044151306,
-0.5991933345794678,
-0.7659920454025269,
0.028809497132897377,
-0.6306202411651611,
0.18368789553642273,
0.6103891730308533,
0.25632554292678833,
-0.2850199341773987,
0.36331310868263245,
0.2837018072605133,
0.4729098975658417,
0.10364380478858948,
-0.7106814384460449,
0.08475981652736664,
-0.07223718613386154,
0.1382402628660202,
-0.7976142168045044,
0.2825809419155121,
-0.3977848291397095,
-0.18713228404521942,
0.35896769165992737,
-0.19371077418327332,
-0.307449072599411,
-0.3266085088253021,
-0.42889246344566345,
-0.13821783661842346,
0.1526954025030136,
-0.7156944870948792,
-0.559434175491333,
0.435916930437088,
0.04379572719335556,
0.228882297873497,
0.15061278641223907,
-0.1539001166820526,
0.867099404335022,
-0.47441062331199646,
0.6837047338485718,
0.4268394112586975,
-0.4396161139011383,
-0.6646118760108948,
0.15828967094421387,
-0.8673720955848694,
-0.07383595407009125,
-0.19437135756015778,
-0.6235723495483398,
0.2580164074897766,
-0.469112366437912,
0.18653257191181183,
0.6931116580963135,
-0.20553836226463318,
-0.022005224600434303,
0.3173621594905853,
-0.32945698499679565,
-1.4524294137954712,
0.6426727771759033,
-0.47552257776260376,
-0.4907597005367279,
-0.5788217782974243,
-0.08471657335758209,
-0.252259761095047,
0.3332885503768921,
0.13194060325622559,
-0.6214799284934998,
-0.2187507599592209,
-0.21593070030212402,
0.0024357924703508615,
-0.48166415095329285,
-0.46170592308044434,
-0.05753520876169205,
-0.18464156985282898,
-0.02597549743950367,
-0.07449322193861008,
0.0038834912702441216,
-0.2152145802974701,
0.041719865053892136,
0.302560418844223,
-0.6021807789802551,
-0.22074474394321442,
-0.20505648851394653,
0.006041929591447115,
-0.1289132684469223,
-0.14678174257278442,
-0.48736572265625,
0.33516979217529297,
-0.021077517420053482,
-0.2028093785047531,
-0.8825586438179016,
0.15134954452514648,
0.36825188994407654,
-0.1403314471244812,
-0.34797948598861694,
0.18602459132671356,
0.31654414534568787,
-0.4244453012943268,
0.3652028739452362,
0.10357442498207092,
-0.49552837014198303,
0.9685757160186768,
0.9227472543716431,
-0.9064658880233765,
0.7248783707618713,
-0.49108654260635376,
-0.9232486486434937,
0.4487075209617615,
0.998805582523346,
-0.08171768486499786,
0.3507024049758911,
-0.4699258804321289,
0.16018639504909515,
-0.6927220225334167,
-0.21776679158210754,
-0.16600686311721802,
-0.2911664843559265,
0.09070518612861633,
-1.0248178243637085,
-0.5704972743988037,
0.2745172381401062,
0.028569335117936134,
-0.48235198855400085,
0.528694212436676,
-0.45344045758247375,
0.44529980421066284,
-0.025049623101949692,
0.2506677508354187,
-0.17411835491657257,
0.08371977508068085,
0.8490084409713745,
-0.6680310368537903,
-0.045026637613773346,
0.7833864688873291,
0.27036863565444946,
0.23532240092754364,
1.413011074066162,
0.33632293343544006,
-0.3628804683685303,
-0.2798033654689789,
0.32093626260757446,
0.09504236280918121,
0.4003244638442993,
-0.6551288366317749,
0.42043551802635193,
0.6164986491203308,
-0.6965579986572266,
-0.2998901903629303,
-0.36214351654052734,
1.0681991577148438,
-0.4339480698108673,
0.06802376359701157,
0.5145399570465088,
-0.2323993444442749,
0.874700665473938,
0.21684294939041138,
-0.10152506828308105,
0.2808767855167389,
0.27186328172683716,
0.3082064092159271,
-0.26894086599349976,
0.4281459152698517,
-0.4361785054206848,
0.3665975034236908,
-0.40098151564598083,
-0.1257433295249939,
-0.576589822769165,
0.10472650825977325,
-0.31170138716697693,
-0.7582058310508728,
-0.29365336894989014,
-0.22095513343811035,
-0.8658636212348938,
-0.1987447440624237,
-0.20426899194717407,
-0.724759578704834,
-0.12875963747501373,
0.08863300085067749,
-0.046059560030698776,
-0.01831120438873768,
-0.5448094010353088,
-0.1049933210015297,
0.3616594076156616,
-0.6594095826148987,
0.7188740372657776,
-0.8315321803092957,
-0.29072752594947815,
-0.026707962155342102,
-0.4875391721725464,
0.08925499022006989,
0.1406453251838684,
0.4414290487766266,
0.6321088075637817,
-0.5356213450431824,
0.5178213119506836,
-0.4338809847831726,
0.5716925859451294,
-0.14336706697940826,
-0.6435908079147339,
0.09326134622097015,
-0.08893107622861862,
-0.33077630400657654,
-0.3066442310810089,
0.14328859746456146,
0.14099326729774475,
0.024679796770215034,
0.2259630262851715,
0.38772013783454895,
0.826515257358551,
-1.1307861804962158,
0.693936824798584,
0.12169300764799118,
-0.18447421491146088,
-0.5294867157936096,
0.6004747152328491,
-0.22190648317337036,
-0.2201443314552307,
0.6830900311470032,
0.21638941764831543,
-0.13295893371105194,
1.0041027069091797,
-0.22557111084461212,
0.0963946208357811,
0.29096782207489014,
0.7123913764953613,
-0.07054696977138519,
-0.6898962259292603,
-0.4953933656215668,
-0.1272697001695633,
-1.281610131263733,
-0.40594640374183655,
0.40391671657562256,
-0.6420192122459412,
-0.5882929563522339,
0.1252754032611847,
0.16326850652694702,
0.26528480648994446,
-0.10792630165815353,
0.14156487584114075,
0.22556990385055542,
-0.36313435435295105,
0.36675041913986206,
0.14433006942272186,
0.005970230791717768,
-0.28153368830680847,
-0.35419175028800964,
-0.3048110008239746,
-0.04920265078544617,
-0.3698611557483673,
-0.30523356795310974,
0.10119408369064331,
0.2512960135936737,
-0.8260058760643005,
-0.503587543964386,
0.12301166355609894,
-0.28402209281921387,
-1.2273012399673462,
0.15885679423809052,
0.3707844614982605,
-0.4517780840396881,
-0.912365198135376,
0.35854068398475647,
-1.0115087032318115,
0.04882311448454857,
0.2589857280254364,
-0.02393234707415104,
0.42004144191741943,
-0.12343192845582962,
0.0510123036801815,
0.16636106371879578,
0.6083360910415649,
0.1011999323964119,
0.1356903612613678,
-0.024679621681571007,
0.41484153270721436,
-0.35150694847106934,
0.5029360055923462,
-0.11419179290533066,
-0.1418692022562027,
-0.531406581401825,
-0.3511963188648224,
0.19836948812007904,
0.005250611342489719,
0.18008436262607574,
-0.5988162755966187,
0.1965261548757553,
-0.11005567014217377,
-0.37429043650627136,
-0.0019538032356649637,
-0.349388986825943,
0.288235604763031,
-0.10380423814058304,
0.2658314108848572,
0.8398943543434143,
0.7410678267478943,
0.20362943410873413,
0.145305797457695,
0.544981837272644,
0.03094097413122654,
0.1032600998878479,
-0.26981353759765625,
-0.0640234425663948,
0.16660763323307037,
-0.7525426149368286,
0.31535738706588745,
-0.4633614420890808,
-0.01950758881866932,
-0.20762765407562256,
0.5709019303321838,
-0.024832457304000854,
0.3360462486743927,
0.40707162022590637,
0.0016813901020213962,
0.22522665560245514,
-0.11551839113235474,
0.07847569137811661,
-0.6454582810401917,
0.5595749020576477,
0.5695672035217285,
0.008920933119952679,
-0.5712658762931824,
-0.6483798623085022,
0.12169576436281204,
-1.154343605041504,
-0.0038295795675367117,
0.3824944496154785,
-0.6671830415725708,
0.19224682450294495,
0.20732377469539642,
-0.20508939027786255,
-0.8452787399291992,
-0.26430994272232056,
0.9446858763694763,
0.528532862663269,
-0.4764964282512665,
-0.10405150800943375,
-0.2747594118118286,
-0.04336708039045334,
0.015100236982107162,
0.5295369029045105,
1.0871073007583618,
-1.2525745630264282,
-0.7792137265205383,
-0.4116336703300476,
0.5380275845527649,
-0.29903632402420044,
-0.24006403982639313,
0.4755202531814575,
-0.039405833929777145,
-0.14326588809490204,
0.33234143257141113,
0.5185388922691345,
-0.5501079559326172,
0.6059165596961975,
-0.2689515948295593
]
|
123480 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocky%20Point%2C%20Montana | Rocky Point, Montana | Rocky Point is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 97 at the 2010 census.
Geography
Rocky Point is located in north-central Lake County at (47.732361, -114.182570), along the west shore of the south end of Flathead Lake. It is bordered to the northeast by the Kings Point CDP and to the southwest by the Jette CDP. It is north of Polson, the county seat.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 107 people, 45 households, and 34 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 174.8 people per square mile (67.7/km). There were 66 housing units at an average density of 107.8/sq mi (41.8/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.33% White, 0.93% Native American, and 3.74% from two or more races.
There were 45 households, out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.2% were married couples living together, 4.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.4% were non-families. 17.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.71.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.5% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 19.6% from 25 to 44, 35.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.7 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $41,364, and the median income for a family was $54,643. Males had a median income of $47,969 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,576. There were no families and 20.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.
References
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.09899994730949402,
0.8394204378128052,
0.24807758629322052,
-0.03372665122151375,
0.6114088892936707,
0.2153887003660202,
0.9056094884872437,
0.4980805516242981,
0.17109878361225128,
0.10793710500001907,
-0.20076020061969757,
0.14404430985450745,
-0.594357430934906,
0.5785045027732849,
-0.45555704832077026,
0.29521694779396057,
0.12985734641551971,
0.5753397345542908,
0.5495849251747131,
-0.1337813138961792,
-0.05467713251709938,
-0.6189882159233093,
0.08452005684375763,
0.08958567678928375,
0.04075781628489494,
0.7294846177101135,
0.6383750438690186,
0.42295271158218384,
-0.20987547934055328,
0.18628881871700287,
-0.03904299437999725,
0.4227798879146576,
-0.9592439532279968,
0.012752097100019455,
0.06059332191944122,
-0.031063111498951912,
0.6508006453514099,
0.3610794246196747,
0.07621762901544571,
-0.20953159034252167,
0.10790782421827316,
-0.06658980250358582,
0.3892078101634979,
-0.0022315748501569033,
0.3950621485710144,
-0.40536755323410034,
-1.418372392654419,
0.5117856860160828,
-0.736629068851471,
-0.661676287651062,
-0.8044206500053406,
0.11384705454111099,
-0.0568196177482605,
0.10725338757038116,
0.7851569652557373,
0.25129884481430054,
-0.37562862038612366,
0.024821655824780464,
0.43063485622406006,
-0.07911192625761032,
-0.573520839214325,
0.4529915750026703,
0.44149842858314514,
-0.15052974224090576,
-0.09743452072143555,
-0.26161521673202515,
0.08040934801101685,
0.05362529307603836,
0.5721262693405151,
-0.3759917914867401,
0.2403952032327652,
-0.018534105271100998,
-0.48893043398857117,
0.40854161977767944,
0.08293580263853073,
0.8142162561416626,
-0.6507533192634583,
0.20361506938934326,
0.05961592495441437,
0.11758825182914734,
0.510961651802063,
-0.0003683729737531394,
0.45817217230796814,
-0.07942266017198563,
-0.17219537496566772,
0.1865665465593338,
-0.4687759280204773,
-0.09395288676023483,
0.017387649044394493,
0.7645922899246216,
-0.8367463946342468,
-0.2217661589384079,
0.014491576701402664,
-0.222755566239357,
0.2744152247905731,
-0.3541886806488037,
-0.0852314680814743,
0.9590346217155457,
-0.17760038375854492,
0.3807574212551117,
-0.3242242634296417,
-0.20919100940227509,
1.3002774715423584,
-0.15175817906856537,
-0.5824854969978333,
-0.5830065011978149,
-0.6774740219116211,
-0.06409257650375366,
-0.2946549355983734,
0.1291210949420929,
-0.4806406795978546,
0.23937729001045227,
0.14402104914188385,
-0.415811151266098,
-0.3641204833984375,
0.4401116669178009,
-0.1935572624206543,
-0.30590593814849854,
-0.44018009305000305,
-0.3578317165374756,
0.30994126200675964,
0.4462490677833557,
-0.6890544295310974,
-0.13703091442584991,
0.011356115341186523,
0.61041259765625,
0.5907596945762634,
-0.07003746926784515,
-0.0728892982006073,
0.4383423328399658,
-0.974867582321167,
0.657602071762085,
-0.054636090993881226,
0.5515609383583069,
0.09125492721796036,
-0.6924194693565369,
-0.09713292866945267,
-0.6430038213729858,
0.26031985878944397,
-0.05049583315849304,
-0.48123079538345337,
-0.0278763510286808,
-0.1714724898338318,
-0.026960836723446846,
0.6540942788124084,
-0.2240893691778183,
-0.1568102240562439,
-0.9275051355361938,
0.03697459027171135,
0.1646062582731247,
0.07927589118480682,
0.34537991881370544,
0.3337876796722412,
0.6359395384788513,
-0.06761088967323303,
0.21467572450637817,
0.690471887588501,
0.39660629630088806,
0.23799990117549896,
0.26312732696533203,
0.16532066464424133,
1.239480972290039,
0.8896888494491577,
0.18618066608905792,
0.9933316707611084,
-0.44850847125053406,
0.5123869776725769,
-0.7173386812210083,
0.2078041136264801,
0.6455238461494446,
-0.15715168416500092,
0.28242334723472595,
0.510866641998291,
0.23809656500816345,
0.13585448265075684,
-0.6299589276313782,
0.44025275111198425,
0.4345323443412781,
-0.133494570851326,
-0.2450961321592331,
-0.8408206105232239,
0.3589642643928528,
0.14305926859378815,
0.10651164501905441,
-0.3281863033771515,
0.06122255325317383,
0.37582653760910034,
-0.235200434923172,
-0.3759165108203888,
-1.1413140296936035,
-0.4903932511806488,
-0.7720476388931274,
0.5251846313476562,
-0.49122992157936096,
0.730381190776825,
-0.25111332535743713,
-0.41305631399154663,
0.31706318259239197,
-0.21687068045139313,
0.33378952741622925,
-0.23051227629184723,
-0.1538010835647583,
0.6519744992256165,
-0.6313492059707642,
-0.5096977353096008,
0.3997688293457031,
0.2729523479938507,
0.17574678361415863,
0.44593337178230286,
0.8482450842857361,
-0.12340155988931656,
-0.46707963943481445,
0.12206554412841797,
1.003139853477478,
-0.5340209603309631,
-0.2833639979362488,
-0.1516488790512085,
-0.17818157374858856,
0.6308817267417908,
-0.5657624006271362,
0.43984946608543396,
-0.008601655252277851,
-0.11642369627952576,
-0.15231554210186005,
-0.3995770812034607,
0.501585841178894,
0.639771580696106,
0.27271753549575806,
-0.24811099469661713,
0.5648743510246277,
0.5364710688591003,
0.0395626462996006,
0.3971155285835266,
-0.11905969679355621,
0.046136509627103806,
0.18334618210792542,
0.16713112592697144,
-0.3703710436820984,
0.4831621050834656,
-0.7276455163955688,
-0.19971907138824463,
0.2431076169013977,
-0.3156747817993164,
0.17316681146621704,
0.14864610135555267,
0.46860015392303467,
0.42675867676734924,
-0.20254695415496826,
-0.23139017820358276,
-0.043774720281362534,
0.03535694628953934,
-0.08282103389501572,
0.2226228564977646,
0.02167273685336113,
0.08904092758893967,
0.17885354161262512,
-0.359750896692276,
-0.6375951170921326,
0.269879549741745,
-0.08499770611524582,
-0.08309749513864517,
0.2105569839477539,
-0.4703744649887085,
0.2594462037086487,
0.42430928349494934,
-0.6552831530570984,
0.050383467227220535,
-0.49590471386909485,
-0.03531864657998085,
0.8296915292739868,
0.20209184288978577,
-0.2792631983757019,
-0.21156539022922516,
0.3165043294429779,
0.7334682941436768,
0.32849761843681335,
-0.32563522458076477,
-0.4260861277580261,
-0.6596902012825012,
0.14923669397830963,
0.4100395739078522,
0.7487539052963257,
-0.38171789050102234,
-0.3363160789012909,
-0.3001696765422821,
-0.5979830622673035,
0.6819312572479248,
-0.20568495988845825,
-0.6378018856048584,
-0.015589598566293716,
-0.15559230744838715,
-0.2938348650932312,
-0.12570816278457642,
0.1593155711889267,
-0.6192594766616821,
0.2971555292606354,
0.1801326721906662,
0.05329805612564087,
0.5761660933494568,
-0.8435669541358948,
0.10618332028388977,
0.2944512367248535,
-0.7219923734664917,
0.3300934135913849,
-0.08408237993717194,
-0.0916178748011589,
0.15711483359336853,
-0.3829262852668762,
-4.838575839996338,
0.6993870139122009,
-0.39893558621406555,
-0.762890100479126,
-0.28248152136802673,
-0.2894560396671295,
0.3085940480232239,
-0.6326912641525269,
0.11443600803613663,
0.3593599200248718,
-0.14542846381664276,
-0.19810380041599274,
0.18112395703792572,
0.6192086935043335,
0.8819790482521057,
0.17991851270198822,
0.8582542538642883,
-0.34402957558631897,
0.7007045745849609,
0.48978522419929504,
0.021633358672261238,
0.42061683535575867,
-0.1873539388179779,
0.010265296325087547,
0.7465563416481018,
0.7264548540115356,
-0.40130457282066345,
-0.02056211419403553,
-0.5807034969329834,
-0.25999459624290466,
0.34278604388237,
0.03595207259058952,
-0.7255248427391052,
-0.34176328778266907,
0.17602841556072235,
-0.22064422070980072,
0.12657815217971802,
-0.3488095700740814,
0.5748162865638733,
-0.141320139169693,
0.3565009534358978,
0.4700421094894409,
-0.25226399302482605,
-0.08064397424459457,
0.8450095653533936,
-0.180579274892807,
-0.19128255546092987,
-0.2137400358915329,
-0.08350972831249237,
0.7762320041656494,
0.3973645269870758,
0.41155844926834106,
0.8484658598899841,
0.14502406120300293,
0.5597379803657532,
-0.38568559288978577,
0.05680025368928909,
-0.023286616429686546,
-0.8701197504997253,
0.8423871397972107,
0.30721578001976013,
-0.6503065228462219,
0.15915466845035553,
0.015942148864269257,
-0.0664483979344368,
-0.593759298324585,
0.14963436126708984,
0.3961487412452698,
0.12267521023750305,
-0.1712241768836975,
0.12767568230628967,
0.33792075514793396,
-0.6748100519180298,
-0.6604793071746826,
0.624811053276062,
-0.8317188024520874,
-0.11554835736751556,
0.18422198295593262,
-0.8606704473495483,
-0.1292024701833725,
-0.1372389942407608,
0.17299774289131165,
0.571648359298706,
0.7110474705696106,
0.7233912944793701,
-0.5639119744300842,
-0.04445639252662659,
0.11678724735975266,
-0.0890117660164833,
-1.193861961364746,
0.8312410116195679,
-0.007519203703850508,
0.7958406209945679,
-0.09953607618808746,
-0.2310686856508255,
-0.028798965737223625,
0.6200029850006104,
-0.14441899955272675,
0.2485257089138031,
-0.5244117975234985,
0.4439970552921295,
-0.17920933663845062,
0.11884258687496185,
-0.3745623230934143,
-0.49134740233421326,
-0.767270565032959,
0.27066171169281006,
0.322439581155777,
0.46806880831718445,
-0.7301148772239685,
-0.5210235714912415,
0.30047571659088135,
-0.4846074879169464,
0.26044848561286926,
0.0777151808142662,
0.27422255277633667,
-0.4962868094444275,
0.046353042125701904,
0.5161647200584412,
0.5636000633239746,
-0.01458897814154625,
-0.5362024903297424,
-0.20709660649299622,
0.11182325333356857,
-0.2589728832244873,
-0.47941315174102783,
0.2223922163248062,
-0.2944440245628357,
-0.6326997876167297,
0.3900891840457916,
-0.03158536180853844,
0.09696339070796967,
-0.1485908180475235,
-0.09407778829336166,
-0.23201492428779602,
0.0014262074837461114,
-0.5781406760215759,
-0.6664635539054871,
0.710877537727356,
0.48810672760009766,
0.33111080527305603,
0.37594321370124817,
-0.41973233222961426,
0.9955577254295349,
-0.36097270250320435,
0.38039571046829224,
-0.03623046725988388,
-0.14228717982769012,
-0.93841552734375,
0.545306921005249,
-1.043818473815918,
-0.391439288854599,
-0.08528220653533936,
-0.3936903476715088,
0.520366907119751,
-0.011944521218538284,
-0.1828860640525818,
0.7796019315719604,
-0.03973736613988876,
-0.3094077408313751,
0.3846141993999481,
-0.4013529419898987,
-0.5745125412940979,
0.8956382870674133,
-0.18769273161888123,
-0.2896292209625244,
-0.6750308275222778,
-0.08996816724538803,
-0.300705224275589,
-0.01088778953999281,
0.9881111979484558,
-0.5372812747955322,
-0.21698123216629028,
-0.19274893403053284,
0.12696468830108643,
-0.3241647779941559,
-0.5360010862350464,
0.1476799100637436,
-0.014857158996164799,
-0.2924438714981079,
-0.15031379461288452,
-0.4275157153606415,
-0.3306191563606262,
-0.3570251166820526,
-0.09277527779340744,
-0.280376672744751,
-0.26573386788368225,
-0.2979195713996887,
0.37925994396209717,
-0.02498006448149681,
-0.07306839525699615,
-0.4042246341705322,
0.33302614092826843,
0.07086781412363052,
-0.02245144173502922,
-0.8719797134399414,
0.3219239115715027,
0.05759408324956894,
-0.3899531960487366,
-0.7387620806694031,
-0.18295568227767944,
0.4434240758419037,
-0.4959242045879364,
0.4613773822784424,
-0.028857212513685226,
-0.4688698947429657,
0.6508928537368774,
0.992855429649353,
-0.8890331387519836,
0.46923530101776123,
-0.5889727473258972,
-0.8885753154754639,
0.7082663178443909,
0.7858759164810181,
-0.015633702278137207,
0.5547932982444763,
0.3563084602355957,
0.32081738114356995,
-0.43277573585510254,
0.10612218827009201,
-0.32310932874679565,
0.1716209053993225,
-0.293379008769989,
-0.9015403985977173,
-0.37938687205314636,
0.42710399627685547,
0.2911139726638794,
-0.1354515254497528,
0.8271869421005249,
-0.8769901990890503,
0.08197803795337677,
-0.07528611272573471,
-0.01173384953290224,
-0.05124261602759361,
0.4766361117362976,
0.4351784884929657,
-0.8446293473243713,
-0.08739786595106125,
0.6697329878807068,
-0.08476801216602325,
-0.003853210713714361,
1.3353757858276367,
0.6142617464065552,
-0.44631773233413696,
-0.4801473915576935,
0.18721912801265717,
0.4981917440891266,
-0.019980963319540024,
-1.3438178300857544,
0.8725833296775818,
0.746872067451477,
-0.42990460991859436,
-0.7359642386436462,
-0.06589540839195251,
1.0995984077453613,
-0.34858280420303345,
-0.44377830624580383,
0.8873013854026794,
-0.21495747566223145,
0.4156467914581299,
0.5276505947113037,
0.031115172430872917,
0.026011580601334572,
0.22337475419044495,
0.5027141571044922,
-0.2032357156276703,
0.026797594502568245,
-0.640271782875061,
0.1358276903629303,
-0.8985390663146973,
-0.12502282857894897,
-0.4578080177307129,
0.2650594115257263,
-0.013141436502337456,
-0.631897509098053,
-0.028721170499920845,
0.15877963602542877,
-0.698605477809906,
-0.7282088398933411,
-0.08970646560192108,
-0.6328949332237244,
-0.046745676547288895,
0.19756147265434265,
-0.28361716866493225,
-0.24823042750358582,
-0.8691849708557129,
0.08551470935344696,
0.14888864755630493,
-1.0568243265151978,
0.6354944705963135,
-0.5590721964836121,
0.0048582106828689575,
-0.155603289604187,
-1.0490463972091675,
0.13626739382743835,
0.1767672300338745,
0.3463285267353058,
0.46671050786972046,
-0.456417977809906,
0.4433784782886505,
-0.7255430221557617,
1.0416297912597656,
-0.3220389187335968,
-0.8548718094825745,
0.19653452932834625,
-0.2711264193058014,
-0.45847654342651367,
-0.7168594002723694,
0.36047783493995667,
0.5215978622436523,
0.006203040014952421,
0.055885788053274155,
0.031550098210573196,
0.5249412655830383,
-0.5239095687866211,
0.2836872935295105,
0.5673067569732666,
-0.35129356384277344,
-0.31758835911750793,
0.6676129698753357,
-0.6685766577720642,
0.09647221118211746,
0.6438614130020142,
0.6228085160255432,
0.0012408916372805834,
1.0110244750976562,
-0.2514256536960602,
0.7531818747520447,
0.026558272540569305,
0.4649626314640045,
-0.3505066931247711,
-1.317368745803833,
-0.43568509817123413,
-0.01742120087146759,
-0.8251281380653381,
-0.5193827152252197,
0.12125418335199356,
-0.7043799757957458,
-0.624274492263794,
0.0521257147192955,
0.03815115988254547,
-0.020694389939308167,
0.07302519679069519,
0.08291280269622803,
0.21304525434970856,
-0.379288911819458,
0.16552789509296417,
0.06419948488473892,
-0.03321889042854309,
-0.36616018414497375,
-0.1738465130329132,
-0.47090378403663635,
-0.35773441195487976,
-1.01042902469635,
-0.5404086112976074,
0.2626899182796478,
0.13146400451660156,
-0.5387359857559204,
-0.6889668107032776,
0.5103760361671448,
-0.13898374140262604,
-0.8913612961769104,
0.66563481092453,
0.4166201055049896,
-0.2968082129955292,
-0.6109369397163391,
0.5915222764015198,
-0.695568859577179,
0.10620491951704025,
0.8140096664428711,
0.5830098986625671,
0.6514880657196045,
0.2330165058374405,
0.5868486762046814,
0.009822575375437737,
0.26199230551719666,
0.15882226824760437,
0.5955194234848022,
0.013145530596375465,
0.0418725460767746,
-0.5314276814460754,
0.5831292271614075,
-0.20786647498607635,
-0.4106650948524475,
-0.046454351395368576,
-0.9229615926742554,
-0.035270627588033676,
0.3688608705997467,
-0.08761455863714218,
-0.4210396707057953,
0.22357523441314697,
-0.2393488734960556,
-0.24315208196640015,
-0.47703781723976135,
0.01295905839651823,
0.003671923652291298,
0.5235487222671509,
0.3666974902153015,
0.6298692226409912,
0.2181134670972824,
0.04807727783918381,
0.20877651870250702,
0.5544765591621399,
-0.20266848802566528,
0.2735530734062195,
0.3999459445476532,
-0.35823556780815125,
0.3341982364654541,
-0.5498422980308533,
0.5562320351600647,
-0.1786901354789734,
0.6874838471412659,
-0.15248525142669678,
0.656868577003479,
-0.3002898097038269,
-0.006285211071372032,
0.47028806805610657,
-0.22252334654331207,
-0.20415256917476654,
-0.38282114267349243,
-0.08226083964109421,
-1.0982654094696045,
0.33370324969291687,
0.384024977684021,
-0.26062989234924316,
-0.38767120242118835,
-0.02952558547258377,
-0.2617257833480835,
-1.0829226970672607,
0.4208831191062927,
0.5339433550834656,
-1.148193597793579,
-0.16826492547988892,
0.011689790524542332,
-0.17090563476085663,
-1.4140552282333374,
-0.3169492185115814,
1.3937039375305176,
0.34779518842697144,
-0.5301478505134583,
-0.12567952275276184,
-0.09464017301797867,
-0.20543599128723145,
-0.12177111208438873,
0.6717886924743652,
0.785473108291626,
-1.0050164461135864,
-1.054686188697815,
-1.0566879510879517,
0.28444063663482666,
0.08934034407138824,
-0.3834420144557953,
-0.1711244285106659,
-0.561331570148468,
0.052614472806453705,
-0.1544771045446396,
0.5089246034622192,
-0.4708477258682251,
0.6643145084381104,
-0.04391546547412872
]
|
123481 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rollins%2C%20Montana | Rollins, Montana | Rollins is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 209 at the 2010 census, up from 183 in 2000.
The community began in the 1880s as Bay View. It was renamed when the post office was opened in 1904.
Geography
The town is just north of the Flathead Indian Reservation on the west shore of Flathead Lake.
Rollins is located in northern Lake County at (47.907804, -114.195343), along the west side of Flathead Lake. Topographic features along the lakeshore of Rollins include, from south to north, Crescent Bay, Canal Bay, Sessions Point, Deweys Bay, Bennetts Bay, Hyde Bay, Zelezny Bay, and Painted Rocks.
U.S. Route 93 runs through Rollins, leading north to Kalispell and south to Polson, the Lake county seat.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Rollins CDP has a total area of , all land.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Rollins has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 183 people, 83 households, and 60 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 62.5 people per square mile (24.1/km). There were 218 housing units at an average density of 74.5 per square mile (28.7/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.36% White, 0.55% Native American, and 1.09% from two or more races.
There were 83 households, out of which 14.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.1% were married couples living together, 1.2% had a female householder with no spouse present, and 27.7% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.62.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 15.3% under the age of 18, 3.8% from 18 to 24, 13.7% from 25 to 44, 34.4% from 45 to 64, and 32.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 54 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.2 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $31,875, and the median income for a family was $34,821. Males had a median income of $19,583 versus $33,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $27,255. About 7.5% of families and 7.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under the age of eighteen or sixty five or over.
References
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.4657391607761383,
0.5430443286895752,
-0.021305331960320473,
-0.19632966816425323,
0.7449795007705688,
0.075665682554245,
1.031853199005127,
0.5277023315429688,
-0.12011590600013733,
0.07768138498067856,
-0.13776595890522003,
0.03772467374801636,
-0.6560551524162292,
0.5876673460006714,
-0.5375928282737732,
-0.0282902792096138,
0.20097918808460236,
0.7979058623313904,
0.9755308032035828,
-0.16252443194389343,
0.2701929211616516,
-0.44005829095840454,
0.2884387969970703,
0.43794751167297363,
-0.2295721173286438,
0.40098223090171814,
0.25697019696235657,
0.34822535514831543,
-0.028564611449837685,
0.2678799629211426,
-0.3714120090007782,
0.7375195026397705,
-0.7051639556884766,
-0.0027243609074503183,
0.23527708649635315,
0.04935374855995178,
0.6162503361701965,
0.333497017621994,
0.32856109738349915,
-0.30783119797706604,
-0.3160082697868347,
-0.1288001835346222,
-0.2335335910320282,
-0.16001982986927032,
0.2260787934064865,
-0.6465463042259216,
-1.4658010005950928,
0.3273557722568512,
-0.7881009578704834,
-0.18625999987125397,
-0.9196465015411377,
-0.09128446131944656,
0.2808918356895447,
0.10780838131904602,
0.5715711116790771,
0.41087719798088074,
-0.4342820644378662,
0.16944767534732819,
0.6399660110473633,
-0.004817264620214701,
-0.35964226722717285,
0.48926639556884766,
0.08426675200462341,
-0.17465823888778687,
-0.23877385258674622,
0.07349992543458939,
0.07821274548768997,
0.48247966170310974,
0.45418864488601685,
-0.6754559278488159,
-0.0199897438287735,
0.10886898636817932,
-0.3134234845638275,
0.2530156373977661,
0.24477657675743103,
0.8014020323753357,
-0.4838546812534332,
-0.22722868621349335,
0.0657438412308693,
0.13605056703090668,
0.2664553225040436,
-0.05796248838305473,
0.5308817028999329,
-0.048177942633628845,
0.13704749941825867,
-0.013369509018957615,
-0.6867193579673767,
-0.065596804022789,
-0.06100291386246681,
0.8692789673805237,
-0.9132425785064697,
-0.15317842364311218,
0.15840989351272583,
-0.3181208372116089,
0.03150554001331329,
-0.3573046028614044,
-0.24453942477703094,
0.7654258608818054,
-0.24685482680797577,
0.587381899356842,
-0.42588138580322266,
-0.20138894021511078,
1.144710659980774,
-0.4099668860435486,
-0.24409377574920654,
-0.6342270970344543,
-1.1255621910095215,
-0.2295525074005127,
-0.02399982325732708,
0.07071273773908615,
-0.5569554567337036,
0.3592677414417267,
0.11723791807889938,
-0.6798364520072937,
-0.34531131386756897,
0.8172103762626648,
-0.11217963695526123,
-0.4834529161453247,
-0.37591421604156494,
-0.16495424509048462,
0.3158872723579407,
0.15219499170780182,
-0.7236859202384949,
0.2996055781841278,
-0.3233714699745178,
0.3762747347354889,
0.3321658670902252,
-0.26292717456817627,
0.24845454096794128,
0.32368603348731995,
-0.6103820204734802,
0.8281066417694092,
-0.04759885370731354,
0.35420557856559753,
-0.15324905514717102,
-0.7198192477226257,
-0.04813810810446739,
-0.26750490069389343,
0.429153174161911,
-0.08522886782884598,
-0.34041595458984375,
0.06142409145832062,
-0.6799922585487366,
-0.07311689108610153,
0.877003014087677,
-0.12430858612060547,
0.04387510195374489,
-0.6716939210891724,
0.05659747123718262,
-0.05580241233110428,
-0.04493352770805359,
0.06490175426006317,
0.1280279904603958,
0.8349852561950684,
0.4214111864566803,
0.4023868143558502,
0.6306103467941284,
0.444799542427063,
0.40212178230285645,
0.28263840079307556,
0.45885762572288513,
0.7808889746665955,
0.727509081363678,
0.2865774631500244,
0.8049443960189819,
-0.5347991585731506,
0.4557611346244812,
-0.34980764985084534,
-0.0894390419125557,
0.7160248756408691,
0.003734940430149436,
0.692236065864563,
0.6768494844436646,
-0.3260696530342102,
0.37222757935523987,
-0.3814704120159149,
0.5443933606147766,
0.4144490361213684,
0.22280515730381012,
-0.35452955961227417,
-0.8467478156089783,
0.23440809547901154,
0.0994831845164299,
0.25958558917045593,
-0.14663547277450562,
-0.1732359230518341,
-0.028845125809311867,
0.07414743304252625,
-0.21752159297466278,
-0.8381329774856567,
-0.7558788061141968,
-0.6716053485870361,
0.7713313102722168,
-0.0437927208840847,
0.5980741381645203,
0.0019902975764125586,
-0.04745987430214882,
0.6672222018241882,
-0.3025405704975128,
0.43362435698509216,
-0.22149786353111267,
-0.17817187309265137,
0.366875559091568,
-0.7703881859779358,
-0.25546348094940186,
0.24442458152770996,
0.17314918339252472,
-0.09677079319953918,
0.34785163402557373,
0.6044252514839172,
0.5013775825500488,
-0.7978993058204651,
-0.41312283277511597,
0.7232651114463806,
-0.5370715260505676,
-0.1975512057542801,
-0.21004921197891235,
-0.14291627705097198,
0.5506270527839661,
-0.4423157572746277,
0.33300846815109253,
0.09549166262149811,
0.08519896864891052,
-0.4145607352256775,
-0.3666982650756836,
0.7201436758041382,
0.6147505044937134,
0.0601741299033165,
-0.13435862958431244,
-0.04847494140267372,
0.4576786756515503,
-0.32631051540374756,
0.33338719606399536,
-0.08964085578918457,
-0.14329572021961212,
0.2697027325630188,
-0.054121751338243484,
-0.6006081104278564,
0.46222272515296936,
-0.898318886756897,
0.08303031325340271,
0.21320053935050964,
-0.32483628392219543,
0.30239057540893555,
0.275951623916626,
0.682996928691864,
0.3159937262535095,
0.016147233545780182,
-0.3598010838031769,
-0.07813602685928345,
0.19232583045959473,
0.16502931714057922,
0.15881186723709106,
-0.29688358306884766,
0.32750949263572693,
-0.008682037703692913,
-0.22542649507522583,
-0.09020168334245682,
0.1472177356481552,
-0.32728925347328186,
-0.02622455544769764,
0.36671802401542664,
-0.22705096006393433,
0.2908240556716919,
0.12308426946401596,
-0.3152700364589691,
-0.21625548601150513,
-0.864548921585083,
-0.5133011937141418,
0.7559874653816223,
0.4183468520641327,
-0.28586626052856445,
-0.28675198554992676,
0.4502357244491577,
0.5866824984550476,
-0.030464908108115196,
-0.11961569637060165,
-0.20087830722332,
-0.8384472131729126,
-0.030122973024845123,
0.6036184430122375,
0.8077993988990784,
-0.09491582959890366,
-0.21589258313179016,
-0.3256026804447174,
-0.8295974135398865,
0.36214327812194824,
0.06713493913412094,
-0.5464103817939758,
-0.24992278218269348,
0.03449369594454765,
-0.00805896706879139,
-0.3535102903842926,
0.3766157329082489,
-1.1282074451446533,
-0.0007664529257453978,
0.30873411893844604,
0.0453578382730484,
0.5928024649620056,
-0.7882967591285706,
-0.06606487184762955,
0.2386365532875061,
-0.7233479619026184,
0.22322793304920197,
-0.13079644739627838,
0.0374286025762558,
0.32907605171203613,
-0.4939807057380676,
-4.642655372619629,
1.111224889755249,
-0.226127028465271,
-0.6264067888259888,
0.07236557453870773,
-0.3975412845611572,
0.37004995346069336,
-0.6402709484100342,
-0.2934763729572296,
0.19825461506843567,
0.03492650389671326,
-0.20708537101745605,
0.18524667620658875,
0.8726809024810791,
0.9855644702911377,
0.37998348474502563,
0.9874663949012756,
-0.20905594527721405,
0.5305350422859192,
0.5649580955505371,
-0.3676055073738098,
0.30181020498275757,
-0.13426430523395538,
-0.04579973220825195,
0.7564329504966736,
0.7435899376869202,
-0.36125361919403076,
-0.38161879777908325,
-0.5251087546348572,
-0.3207054138183594,
-0.19694848358631134,
-0.349457323551178,
-0.6776712536811829,
-0.40460237860679626,
0.11207551509141922,
-0.190797358751297,
0.41409701108932495,
-0.4214009642601013,
0.49441519379615784,
-0.2682332992553711,
0.2583118975162506,
0.5056699514389038,
-0.2757994532585144,
-0.17242304980754852,
0.6393205523490906,
-0.15669560432434082,
0.05780487880110741,
-0.24804747104644775,
-0.11304765939712524,
0.7097282409667969,
0.37847456336021423,
0.20262521505355835,
0.7743734121322632,
0.3031372129917145,
0.357710063457489,
-0.34483063220977783,
0.040891122072935104,
0.17356057465076447,
-0.3987712264060974,
0.7498980760574341,
0.06815023720264435,
-0.7991427183151245,
0.14386367797851562,
-0.2504920959472656,
-0.11295828223228455,
-0.45351874828338623,
-0.07508289813995361,
0.5201557278633118,
0.12223714590072632,
0.21318824589252472,
0.1913815289735794,
0.4947366416454315,
-0.4174228012561798,
-0.7486369013786316,
0.37012600898742676,
-0.7027214765548706,
-0.13785846531391144,
-0.018657628446817398,
-0.6825304627418518,
-0.23487575352191925,
-0.297566682100296,
0.2748296558856964,
0.3355076313018799,
0.5767723917961121,
0.7000918984413147,
-0.48126229643821716,
-0.05854802206158638,
-0.011525558307766914,
-0.47616085410118103,
-1.0960413217544556,
0.7150173783302307,
0.13127729296684265,
0.6104996204376221,
-0.26347047090530396,
-0.4631052315235138,
-0.06997253745794296,
0.625943124294281,
0.06554453074932098,
-0.12616662681102753,
-0.3967916667461395,
0.42196473479270935,
-0.44290509819984436,
0.08310741931200027,
-0.48107099533081055,
-0.427651971578598,
-0.516032874584198,
0.09112008661031723,
0.5066489577293396,
0.7087988257408142,
-0.720846951007843,
-0.5532316565513611,
0.41144534945487976,
-0.3391824960708618,
0.052073221653699875,
0.27887266874313354,
0.10545449703931808,
-0.6066752076148987,
0.15782934427261353,
0.3027573823928833,
0.4179466962814331,
0.034550100564956665,
0.07626546174287796,
-0.14847248792648315,
-0.014491629786789417,
-0.11377408355474472,
-0.46869394183158875,
0.40203621983528137,
-0.4686032831668854,
-0.28105977177619934,
0.03679266571998596,
-0.03215210139751434,
0.44810807704925537,
-0.24200507998466492,
0.008113964460790157,
-0.6149941086769104,
-0.09955183416604996,
-1.0204706192016602,
-0.8786699771881104,
0.3347539007663727,
0.1981445848941803,
0.4946756362915039,
0.2797168791294098,
-0.5993296504020691,
0.8516559600830078,
-0.06484229862689972,
0.7393724918365479,
0.5755784511566162,
-0.30722641944885254,
-0.9774747490882874,
0.8365906476974487,
-0.7582916617393494,
-0.5133825540542603,
-0.2448548823595047,
-0.6818192601203918,
0.34099966287612915,
0.0802653357386589,
0.021513832733035088,
0.5179664492607117,
0.4705682396888733,
-0.3743956685066223,
0.21652063727378845,
-0.4266621172428131,
-0.7557960152626038,
0.905401885509491,
-0.16835151612758636,
-0.40155383944511414,
-0.4573359489440918,
-0.3386850655078888,
-0.8218157887458801,
0.032648105174303055,
0.6841186881065369,
-0.4881630837917328,
-0.16259676218032837,
0.008993923664093018,
0.39317142963409424,
-0.5768864750862122,
-0.3276241421699524,
0.184867724776268,
-0.24207596480846405,
-0.25939545035362244,
0.16867868602275848,
-0.425636887550354,
-0.7179614901542664,
-0.5446050763130188,
0.17456011474132538,
-0.6807664632797241,
-0.2558649480342865,
-0.4491303861141205,
0.12105119973421097,
0.11237792670726776,
-0.1285540908575058,
-0.20938390493392944,
0.44100379943847656,
0.04340464249253273,
-0.09190107136964798,
-1.0198887586593628,
0.3423188328742981,
0.6199572086334229,
-0.465137779712677,
-0.6930835247039795,
0.4737951159477234,
0.5291577577590942,
-0.23213420808315277,
0.40512844920158386,
0.11052300781011581,
-0.5226786732673645,
0.45271623134613037,
0.7143003344535828,
-0.4465346038341522,
0.5541061162948608,
-0.4945537745952606,
-0.8182758688926697,
0.7325757741928101,
0.7617301344871521,
-0.07017683237791061,
0.5971241593360901,
0.43612048029899597,
0.18830275535583496,
-0.48346322774887085,
-0.09517387300729752,
-0.10842661559581757,
0.13683144748210907,
-0.2820177674293518,
-0.8507979512214661,
-0.49854665994644165,
0.5544300079345703,
0.20368461310863495,
-0.04158195108175278,
1.083147406578064,
-0.8635079264640808,
-0.41855987906455994,
-0.13341490924358368,
-0.031175393611192703,
-0.19332760572433472,
0.397717148065567,
0.581912100315094,
-0.38040176033973694,
0.16685068607330322,
0.8590167760848999,
-0.16007393598556519,
0.3273162841796875,
1.721922516822815,
0.039090100675821304,
-0.6780856251716614,
-0.6317618489265442,
0.364615797996521,
0.3569612503051758,
0.11791065335273743,
-1.299149990081787,
0.8171546459197998,
0.7835891246795654,
-0.38165250420570374,
-0.608007550239563,
0.2956634759902954,
1.1436265707015991,
-0.6541612148284912,
-0.3612602651119232,
0.9367691874504089,
-0.6297831535339355,
0.1886403113603592,
0.6754406690597534,
0.23242942988872528,
-0.02302561327815056,
0.10162676125764847,
0.69070965051651,
-0.3935665488243103,
0.014768296852707863,
-0.29427459836006165,
0.18488171696662903,
-0.9612137675285339,
-0.15819209814071655,
-0.09840875118970871,
0.16680248081684113,
-0.20478080213069916,
-0.5907140970230103,
0.18744702637195587,
-0.024154862388968468,
-0.8310820460319519,
-0.8987779021263123,
-0.35115694999694824,
-0.7992514967918396,
-0.3484560549259186,
0.24142412841320038,
-0.30334505438804626,
-0.020150549709796906,
-1.0644311904907227,
-0.32451385259628296,
0.21610528230667114,
-1.2435969114303589,
0.17045645415782928,
-0.8229526281356812,
-0.42233750224113464,
0.10207044333219528,
-0.8719042539596558,
0.22109507024288177,
0.44848158955574036,
0.3046937882900238,
0.08722846210002899,
-0.749179482460022,
0.3095404803752899,
-0.8015241026878357,
0.8631798028945923,
-0.18333464860916138,
-0.7014742493629456,
0.3406355082988739,
-0.3723219931125641,
-0.733474850654602,
-0.7646187543869019,
0.3586770296096802,
0.5656968355178833,
0.2830955684185028,
-0.09251280874013901,
0.17334413528442383,
0.6669127345085144,
-0.6855524182319641,
0.37231355905532837,
0.1375000774860382,
-0.3499270975589752,
-0.3725891411304474,
0.27926158905029297,
-0.6589666604995728,
0.22357626259326935,
0.7065642476081848,
0.7470703125,
-0.083307184278965,
1.2232098579406738,
-0.298366904258728,
0.624356210231781,
0.2915414273738861,
0.35810405015945435,
-0.11112483590841293,
-1.348697304725647,
-0.5855967998504639,
0.36760053038597107,
-1.0450869798660278,
-0.16781815886497498,
0.13481368124485016,
-0.6622287631034851,
-0.5729129314422607,
0.10897594690322876,
0.2520577311515808,
0.08583416789770126,
-0.12253205478191376,
0.028665924444794655,
-0.05658522620797157,
-0.3639511466026306,
0.15689176321029663,
0.25426775217056274,
0.46456992626190186,
-0.6296563744544983,
0.09084245562553406,
-0.5519714951515198,
-0.4453374445438385,
-0.7884050607681274,
-0.1723642349243164,
0.17733469605445862,
0.13516129553318024,
-0.871654748916626,
-0.7982913255691528,
0.2529107928276062,
-0.10684745758771896,
-1.0981392860412598,
0.5960814356803894,
0.31083837151527405,
0.23246997594833374,
-0.6924960017204285,
0.3281652629375458,
-0.29052701592445374,
0.03540199249982834,
0.7741248607635498,
0.5751910209655762,
0.4642488658428192,
0.3685458302497864,
0.3966791033744812,
0.3403744399547577,
0.31120043992996216,
0.17496907711029053,
0.45710068941116333,
-0.015015716664493084,
-0.03651326149702072,
-0.2920640707015991,
0.4163763225078583,
-0.13807876408100128,
-0.08621477335691452,
0.15456387400627136,
-0.5415064096450806,
-0.0024449732154607773,
0.21879008412361145,
0.28489047288894653,
-0.45983564853668213,
0.05514562875032425,
-0.2392064332962036,
-0.4823915958404541,
-0.27822327613830566,
0.2603863477706909,
0.45671790838241577,
0.08722420781850815,
0.7249119281768799,
0.4603510797023773,
0.1998734176158905,
0.3137208819389343,
0.07490038871765137,
0.16150930523872375,
0.06125935539603233,
0.34680330753326416,
0.5952953100204468,
-0.553104817867279,
0.3726598024368286,
-0.3979145288467407,
0.9555448293685913,
-0.0817316472530365,
0.6502788066864014,
-0.11639245599508286,
1.016950011253357,
-0.40026241540908813,
-0.024780550971627235,
0.5006458163261414,
-0.3521410822868347,
-0.48532530665397644,
-0.6237128973007202,
0.00958297960460186,
-1.092603325843811,
0.5764374732971191,
0.7054606080055237,
-0.3301622271537781,
-0.21179771423339844,
-0.17909112572669983,
-0.22568318247795105,
-1.0834890604019165,
0.589937150478363,
0.21853148937225342,
-0.883865237236023,
0.1444467157125473,
0.0016619382658973336,
-0.49532124400138855,
-0.9920804500579834,
-0.4045908451080322,
1.8819416761398315,
0.6184952259063721,
-0.261342853307724,
0.05555805563926697,
0.004771480802446604,
-0.07253430783748627,
0.41147735714912415,
1.0102996826171875,
0.6013672947883606,
-0.9393882751464844,
-1.1115437746047974,
-0.6538387537002563,
0.10009326040744781,
-0.23980799317359924,
-0.6855309009552002,
0.025240544229745865,
-0.47420549392700195,
-0.31855714321136475,
0.3580864667892456,
0.6097897887229919,
-0.2888229489326477,
0.590556800365448,
-0.1087128296494484
]
|
123482 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Ignatius%2C%20Montana | St. Ignatius, Montana | St. Ignatius (Salish: snyél̓mn, Ktunaxa: ʔa·kikqǂaǂaǂuk̓pǂiʔit) is a town in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 768 at the 2020 census. The town is located on the Flathead Indian Reservation.
History
It was named for and is the site of the St. Ignatius Mission, established by Fr. Pierre-Jean De Smet, a Belgian Jesuit Catholic missionary who worked for his entire career in the American Midwest and West. The mission is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In July 1919 the town was all but wiped out by raging forest fire. Only a bank, one store and a hotel, remained standing.
Geography
St. Ignatius is located at (47.318154, -114.096140). U.S. Route 93 passes through town.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, St. Ignatius has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 842 people, 333 households, and 210 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 369 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 48.3% White, 0.2% African American, 42.4% Native American, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.2% from other races, and 8.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.2% of the population.
There were 333 households, of which 37.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.0% were married couples living together, 21.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.9% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.18.
The median age in the town was 35 years. 30.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.6% were from 25 to 44; 24.6% were from 45 to 64; and 14.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.2% male and 51.8% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 788 people, 307 households, and 194 families living in the town. The population density was 1,509.1 people per square mile (585.1/km2). There were 328 housing units at an average density of 628.1 per square mile (243.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 52.54% White, 44.67% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 0.25% from other races, and 2.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.19% of the population.
There were 307 households, out of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.4% were married couples living together, 18.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.8% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.27.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 32.1% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 24.6% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 84.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 74.8 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $25,682, and the median income for a family was $34,250. Males had a median income of $30,804 versus $24,844 for females. The per capita income for the town was $12,336. About 15.5% of families and 19.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.2% of those under age 18 and 17.6% of those age 65 or over.
Education
St. Ignatius High School
Glacier Lake School, a private alternative school
Pinehaven Christian Children's Ranch
The St Ignatius School-Community Library is a public library which serves the area.
Notable people
Sam Burley, middle-distance track athlete; born in St. Ignatius
Corwin Clairmont, artist and educator
Tim Ryan, country singer
Diane Sands, member of the Montana House of Representatives; born in St. Ignatius
Stephanie Trudeau, 2007 Miss Montana USA; grew up in St. Ignatius
References
External links
Lake County Leader-Advertiser
Towns in Lake County, Montana | [
-0.04849086329340935,
0.6773090958595276,
0.007103954907506704,
-0.1899697184562683,
-0.0569971427321434,
0.43661537766456604,
1.198482632637024,
0.4847613275051117,
-0.36655133962631226,
-0.47248348593711853,
-0.16194507479667664,
-0.10923580825328827,
0.009136881679296494,
0.3713010251522064,
0.26088815927505493,
0.03817159682512283,
0.6696366667747498,
0.6823989152908325,
0.6133525967597961,
-0.6403239965438843,
-0.5865241289138794,
-0.4728914797306061,
0.3118188679218292,
0.14215339720249176,
-0.09804940968751907,
0.6102507710456848,
0.18590986728668213,
0.018500180914998055,
-0.32878929376602173,
0.21452632546424866,
0.11521773785352707,
0.21495112776756287,
0.286820650100708,
-0.3083198070526123,
-0.4015671908855438,
-0.15087391436100006,
0.5704092383384705,
-0.10062200576066971,
-0.304544061422348,
0.005441616289317608,
0.05656912177801132,
-0.12772347033023834,
0.14776884019374847,
0.28972381353378296,
-0.06235792860388756,
-0.2943173348903656,
-1.2608877420425415,
0.11644972860813141,
-0.7533726692199707,
0.07826818525791168,
-0.36940670013427734,
-0.30303439497947693,
0.017520420253276825,
-0.013235039077699184,
-0.5218898057937622,
0.44649553298950195,
-0.87126225233078,
0.6800928711891174,
0.3151257336139679,
-0.5016095638275146,
-0.6559848189353943,
0.5514155626296997,
0.17705050110816956,
-0.11106855422258377,
-0.6771361231803894,
-0.08683881163597107,
0.0014666272327303886,
0.11177386343479156,
-0.08139929175376892,
-0.32535287737846375,
0.3781309425830841,
-0.21162867546081543,
-0.2825651168823242,
0.14396914839744568,
0.16023018956184387,
-0.1365164965391159,
-0.4690381586551666,
0.07435780763626099,
-0.06832776963710785,
-0.06504575908184052,
0.017942842096090317,
0.014195217750966549,
-0.058743417263031006,
0.14562197029590607,
0.25224313139915466,
0.5349006652832031,
0.1106957197189331,
-0.17965422570705414,
-0.00010449226101627573,
1.1011892557144165,
-0.7222316861152649,
-0.02690286934375763,
0.034112829715013504,
-0.03312690928578377,
0.37776750326156616,
-0.2099444419145584,
-0.05827121436595917,
0.5006526708602905,
-0.23174965381622314,
0.07210715115070343,
-0.6255767941474915,
0.2889784276485443,
0.1461973488330841,
0.16470366716384888,
-0.24553045630455017,
-0.649516761302948,
-0.29150083661079407,
-0.027105288580060005,
-0.1692800670862198,
-0.8136163949966431,
-0.3528846204280853,
0.04034251719713211,
-0.3174590766429901,
-0.13313104212284088,
-0.0013809559168294072,
-0.058725498616695404,
0.40238115191459656,
-0.930525541305542,
-0.29910317063331604,
-0.4574979245662689,
0.13797712326049805,
0.6814203262329102,
0.04285387694835663,
-0.17887622117996216,
-0.06548953056335449,
0.4695289433002472,
0.6408053636550903,
0.3785404562950134,
0.2386075258255005,
0.2036728411912918,
-0.4360475242137909,
0.8497164249420166,
0.11799360811710358,
0.3023573160171509,
0.047959838062524796,
-0.3892461955547333,
0.08545153588056564,
-0.10859722644090652,
0.08134336769580841,
0.07302369177341461,
-0.5986224412918091,
-0.11707649379968643,
-0.437701016664505,
-0.43129977583885193,
0.592519223690033,
-0.27985435724258423,
0.06649746000766754,
-0.6004800796508789,
0.25241971015930176,
-0.29680803418159485,
0.15986992418766022,
0.3138106167316437,
-0.1492002010345459,
0.2625720202922821,
-0.25873124599456787,
0.1618325412273407,
0.5931289792060852,
0.48725321888923645,
-0.029547279700636864,
0.5712385773658752,
-0.14373686909675598,
0.4221600294113159,
0.6087201237678528,
-0.11249227076768875,
0.3113989531993866,
-0.0900932103395462,
0.11417613178491592,
-0.42211806774139404,
0.0559777207672596,
0.3281521201133728,
-0.22222760319709778,
0.04430564120411873,
0.04952368885278702,
-0.26178058981895447,
-0.23778121173381805,
-0.5849136710166931,
0.45340657234191895,
0.35548898577690125,
-0.5817764401435852,
-0.8952990770339966,
-0.4870149493217468,
0.5636149048805237,
-0.07194174081087112,
-0.06836952269077301,
-0.5029225945472717,
-0.018348118290305138,
0.4375757873058319,
0.4796222746372223,
-0.024703362956643105,
-0.15126854181289673,
-0.11682990938425064,
-0.04972866550087929,
0.21652497351169586,
-0.2777060270309448,
1.2552460432052612,
0.11432549357414246,
-0.322144091129303,
-0.0802280455827713,
0.08335790783166885,
0.5235397815704346,
-0.06518122553825378,
-0.2831239104270935,
0.15863211452960968,
-0.39456838369369507,
-1.2177820205688477,
0.8415704965591431,
0.2506335973739624,
0.15430915355682373,
0.5004493594169617,
0.6009939908981323,
0.4283353388309479,
-0.1339133232831955,
-0.3429105877876282,
0.6418135762214661,
-0.5585785508155823,
-0.0914202332496643,
-0.13026390969753265,
-0.3262316584587097,
0.3529834747314453,
-0.6505320072174072,
0.38093996047973633,
-0.4055512249469757,
0.46809113025665283,
0.40156495571136475,
-0.8394500613212585,
0.3084661066532135,
0.6200845241546631,
0.3157234489917755,
0.04467625916004181,
-0.37642917037010193,
0.7053095102310181,
0.11622931063175201,
0.02181181125342846,
0.14894169569015503,
-0.3311070203781128,
0.13344115018844604,
0.07484501600265503,
-0.7927144169807434,
0.34592464566230774,
-0.1540890485048294,
0.03662705421447754,
0.192709282040596,
0.18752147257328033,
0.26502636075019836,
-0.13090141117572784,
0.5394410490989685,
0.7410861849784851,
0.06263566762208939,
-0.3872482180595398,
-0.12007773667573929,
0.19731584191322327,
-0.12791688740253448,
-0.009902814403176308,
-0.01897749863564968,
0.26010775566101074,
0.25791823863983154,
-0.37228792905807495,
-0.143402561545372,
-0.49913525581359863,
-0.025188300758600235,
0.3063710629940033,
-0.09255038946866989,
0.197756826877594,
0.4699847996234894,
-0.046466387808322906,
-0.4014936685562134,
0.001852228888310492,
-0.6583012342453003,
0.3351309895515442,
0.5136226415634155,
-0.107160784304142,
-0.06241128593683243,
-0.5329895615577698,
-0.6371476054191589,
0.5551213026046753,
0.5058900713920593,
-0.223298117518425,
0.26454541087150574,
0.01146695390343666,
0.08766572177410126,
-0.2645769417285919,
0.5916141271591187,
-0.2259753793478012,
0.19344094395637512,
-0.8708764910697937,
-0.15150216221809387,
0.23864403367042542,
-0.4529075622558594,
-0.42851465940475464,
0.24956057965755463,
0.07651958614587784,
-0.08862961083650589,
0.12241760641336441,
-0.1920115351676941,
-0.39824286103248596,
-0.2187894880771637,
0.6143872141838074,
-0.5590857863426208,
0.21938294172286987,
-0.257647842168808,
-0.6536615490913391,
0.3971345126628876,
-0.5966630578041077,
0.24923712015151978,
0.29970166087150574,
0.18147656321525574,
-0.1828565001487732,
-0.30684247612953186,
-5.823175430297852,
0.14465510845184326,
0.014939418993890285,
-0.7786694169044495,
0.20160852372646332,
-0.9939523935317993,
0.2544412612915039,
-0.5812361240386963,
-0.2105211764574051,
0.0669228583574295,
-0.05386681482195854,
0.14401958882808685,
0.22977209091186523,
0.4486358165740967,
0.7716270089149475,
0.4049435555934906,
0.5496852993965149,
-0.44147685170173645,
0.25262024998664856,
-0.14388525485992432,
-0.3574606776237488,
-0.24887195229530334,
0.4565216302871704,
0.3230491578578949,
0.17041465640068054,
1.103683590888977,
-0.34104061126708984,
0.008287562057375908,
-0.49388495087623596,
0.09713906049728394,
0.26859819889068604,
-0.22217434644699097,
0.3603515028953552,
-0.4725601375102997,
-0.44568192958831787,
0.08234386891126633,
0.4949480891227722,
-0.16266311705112457,
0.7701871991157532,
-0.3097643554210663,
0.17275214195251465,
-0.04258743301033974,
-0.12537597119808197,
0.21717670559883118,
0.2864775061607361,
-0.05154037848114967,
-0.6729297637939453,
0.25071245431900024,
-0.2838190793991089,
0.515254557132721,
-0.055884502828121185,
-0.15004798769950867,
0.8349389433860779,
0.26008492708206177,
0.3070310652256012,
-0.6174882650375366,
0.45000848174095154,
-0.09938222169876099,
-0.4279329478740692,
-0.15178507566452026,
0.3728800117969513,
-0.053778275847435,
-0.3151618242263794,
0.2314031422138214,
0.04510951042175293,
-0.27116483449935913,
-0.06721416115760803,
0.09853946417570114,
-0.14386676251888275,
-0.13703367114067078,
-0.332131952047348,
0.046870168298482895,
-0.12220638245344162,
-0.7809684872627258,
-0.12244921177625656,
-0.35683706402778625,
-0.7896997332572937,
-0.06473582237958908,
0.08235755562782288,
-0.13358831405639648,
-0.4075528681278229,
-0.26562565565109253,
0.7241614460945129,
0.5228638648986816,
0.3533143103122711,
0.2317071259021759,
-0.21418397128582,
-0.25376227498054504,
-0.5975476503372192,
-0.6856514811515808,
0.4079872667789459,
-0.29217252135276794,
0.3156201243400574,
0.31723418831825256,
-0.36467912793159485,
0.6498808264732361,
1.195615291595459,
0.16970613598823547,
-0.1348365843296051,
-0.3985114097595215,
0.1514841914176941,
0.09096133708953857,
0.1276097446680069,
0.22871354222297668,
-0.6019180417060852,
-0.8017544746398926,
-0.017742004245519638,
0.5314511060714722,
0.45843973755836487,
-0.15828481316566467,
0.4416049122810364,
-0.472610741853714,
-0.7244604825973511,
0.14139896631240845,
0.32950469851493835,
0.4263060688972473,
-0.757255494594574,
-0.20220531523227692,
0.1740550696849823,
0.35346662998199463,
0.049077779054641724,
-0.19740703701972961,
0.07740884274244308,
0.7579877376556396,
0.2539375126361847,
-0.1921364665031433,
-0.06728135049343109,
0.20675471425056458,
-0.7725589275360107,
0.12858495116233826,
0.1751285344362259,
-0.24546682834625244,
0.31613317131996155,
-0.3407946228981018,
0.020716669037938118,
0.10944432765245438,
-0.42978569865226746,
-0.925458550453186,
0.8163173198699951,
0.19463807344436646,
-0.009968636557459831,
0.2993699014186859,
-0.7901543974876404,
1.0841457843780518,
0.2865507900714874,
0.8668019771575928,
0.011012480594217777,
-0.08299212157726288,
-0.16390031576156616,
0.5069936513900757,
-0.35385870933532715,
-0.7966241836547852,
0.31163978576660156,
-0.12156042456626892,
-0.022065479308366776,
-0.22405174374580383,
-0.06632319837808609,
0.2783087491989136,
-0.08141782134771347,
0.6133118271827698,
0.2945992946624756,
-0.4897649884223938,
-0.6468637585639954,
0.2280062735080719,
-0.12811234593391418,
0.11082998663187027,
0.17688241600990295,
-0.46584898233413696,
-0.8125821948051453,
0.24957729876041412,
0.1879725456237793,
0.08475729823112488,
-0.5154467225074768,
-0.11661548912525177,
0.11809684336185455,
-0.0856800302863121,
0.27104148268699646,
0.33719295263290405,
0.10145211219787598,
0.2188403308391571,
0.2841835021972656,
-0.25168365240097046,
0.17816774547100067,
0.385829895734787,
0.156105637550354,
-0.38845714926719666,
-0.28201907873153687,
-0.6038954257965088,
0.15347543358802795,
0.4266882538795471,
0.016441790387034416,
-0.2367660105228424,
0.007315836846828461,
0.39647889137268066,
-0.20299041271209717,
-0.7610256671905518,
0.020736757665872574,
0.057896822690963745,
0.29883286356925964,
-0.005936520639806986,
0.04378185048699379,
-0.08697295933961868,
-0.3646954894065857,
0.6636030673980713,
0.2272760570049286,
-0.32310226559638977,
0.43069368600845337,
0.5025094151496887,
-0.2409704327583313,
0.003955622669309378,
0.5708441138267517,
-0.10621579736471176,
0.15312033891677856,
0.9335589408874512,
-0.21506668627262115,
0.15738144516944885,
0.1940632313489914,
0.2878897786140442,
-0.7462201714515686,
-0.32667458057403564,
0.08328752219676971,
0.2488231509923935,
-0.39390072226524353,
-0.2419697344303131,
0.25723493099212646,
0.9347139000892639,
-0.07798714935779572,
-0.15997305512428284,
-0.06909620016813278,
-0.14323191344738007,
0.3260537385940552,
0.4600110650062561,
-0.11317674070596695,
0.2725749611854553,
0.2607766389846802,
-0.1023266613483429,
0.06697624921798706,
0.25608935952186584,
0.10273027420043945,
0.1685742437839508,
-0.38052281737327576,
0.7056111693382263,
-0.12467403709888458,
-0.5473819971084595,
-0.26593512296676636,
0.3051723539829254,
-0.1648605763912201,
-0.13246293365955353,
-0.35449835658073425,
0.39027345180511475,
-0.007184404414147139,
-0.17281344532966614,
-0.00724754435941577,
-0.3582567870616913,
0.5652446150779724,
-0.1915189027786255,
-0.3906668722629547,
0.36263683438301086,
-0.19649824500083923,
0.15247638523578644,
0.04979289695620537,
-0.09768538177013397,
-0.31873947381973267,
0.816748321056366,
0.19212377071380615,
0.021662667393684387,
0.2789151668548584,
-0.543229877948761,
0.1520177125930786,
-0.4113543927669525,
0.08057089895009995,
-0.17690695822238922,
0.30395230650901794,
-0.2480252981185913,
-0.6040914058685303,
0.133029505610466,
-0.16825416684150696,
0.1651315540075302,
-0.09746542572975159,
-0.17690527439117432,
-0.09743058681488037,
0.4366420805454254,
-0.2635277509689331,
-0.37318918108940125,
0.2611103057861328,
-1.104511022567749,
-0.3446817100048065,
0.18813012540340424,
-0.5981513261795044,
0.36011794209480286,
-0.48895132541656494,
-0.23902666568756104,
0.10126852244138718,
-0.19084569811820984,
-0.19127866625785828,
0.13375762104988098,
0.016344737261533737,
0.02836553007364273,
-0.5491891503334045,
-0.08781447261571884,
-0.6840347051620483,
0.4441368579864502,
0.45168882608413696,
-0.4042418897151947,
0.26010608673095703,
0.05551793798804283,
0.20349262654781342,
-0.24502933025360107,
-0.16693896055221558,
0.12491992861032486,
0.6089609265327454,
0.27492254972457886,
0.3987463414669037,
0.12434732168912888,
-0.697536289691925,
0.5389557480812073,
0.1641942411661148,
-0.5323957800865173,
-0.1962680071592331,
0.14361414313316345,
-0.6755139231681824,
-0.0028803052846342325,
0.5232894420623779,
-0.047883711755275726,
0.48083680868148804,
0.6589486002922058,
-0.3087077736854553,
-0.12569092214107513,
0.21463657915592194,
-0.00013767575728707016,
0.1030263751745224,
-0.27016472816467285,
-0.5868086218833923,
0.49283117055892944,
-0.5657480359077454,
-0.3025816082954407,
0.3803573250770569,
-0.7894102931022644,
-0.8117985725402832,
0.0867433175444603,
0.3934837579727173,
0.7298814654350281,
-0.4062367379665375,
0.17486155033111572,
-0.17883874475955963,
-0.2570361793041229,
0.05802660435438156,
-0.04650534689426422,
-0.3589043617248535,
0.18508729338645935,
-0.023015940561890602,
-0.13372841477394104,
-0.12463638931512833,
0.09085729718208313,
-0.43854305148124695,
-0.08666510879993439,
0.3101438581943512,
-0.6585585474967957,
-0.6060638427734375,
-0.9205015301704407,
-0.08778513222932816,
-0.30901089310646057,
0.1686888039112091,
-0.28236904740333557,
0.41040363907814026,
-0.26184746623039246,
0.2648037075996399,
-0.4862545430660248,
-0.3388601839542389,
0.9859811663627625,
0.06257415562868118,
0.5838770270347595,
0.34089529514312744,
0.1698232740163803,
-0.022218676283955574,
0.4860025942325592,
0.18427549302577972,
0.3893807828426361,
0.020459141582250595,
0.013713018037378788,
-0.34781908988952637,
0.007997434586286545,
-0.4555792808532715,
0.11078456789255142,
-0.199112668633461,
-0.4503209590911865,
0.13310548663139343,
0.656242847442627,
-0.47010910511016846,
-0.3683640658855438,
0.3299505412578583,
0.0135116595774889,
0.3924967050552368,
0.37744972109794617,
0.14940355718135834,
0.21819570660591125,
0.16688746213912964,
0.14169582724571228,
0.3413119912147522,
0.5321469902992249,
0.15807558596134186,
0.0601513534784317,
0.350763738155365,
0.045942120254039764,
0.316175639629364,
-0.033358681946992874,
-0.11039448529481888,
-0.09843999892473221,
-0.43270352482795715,
-0.01490603107959032,
-0.22574061155319214,
0.4073616862297058,
-0.23666898906230927,
0.2992153763771057,
-0.23675575852394104,
0.2748551666736603,
0.503842294216156,
-0.20030158758163452,
-0.2474602907896042,
-0.13991566002368927,
-0.06482129544019699,
-0.5411673784255981,
0.18881022930145264,
0.6019067168235779,
-0.04541733115911484,
-0.43029868602752686,
-0.7291892766952515,
0.25722450017929077,
-0.6650050282478333,
-0.18661384284496307,
0.45118051767349243,
-0.15827493369579315,
0.007783007808029652,
0.7977703213691711,
-0.24379967153072357,
-0.315885066986084,
0.09526786208152771,
0.38166704773902893,
0.6351950168609619,
-0.46807122230529785,
-0.48766225576400757,
-0.21225091814994812,
0.23594041168689728,
0.09958618134260178,
-1.021256685256958,
0.3902643322944641,
-0.5613279938697815,
-0.4245547950267792,
-0.5605427026748657,
-0.004357713274657726,
0.04285532608628273,
-0.08983714133501053,
0.21788543462753296,
0.04763032868504524,
-0.21930135786533356,
-0.2226584553718567,
0.7568416595458984,
-0.30392634868621826,
0.544259250164032,
0.451747864484787
]
|
123483 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turtle%20Lake%2C%20Montana | Turtle Lake, Montana | Turtle Lake (Salish: čɫqq̓liʔ ) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 209 at the 2010 census.
Geography
Turtle Lake is located in central Lake County at (47.672799, -114.072758). It is a residential community sited around Turtle Lake, a small water body that seasonally drains north to Flathead Lake. It is southeast of Polson, the Lake county seat.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Turtle Lake CDP has a total area of , of which are land and , or 9.37%, are water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 194 people, 55 households, and 43 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 373.2 people per square mile (144.0/km2). There were 60 housing units at an average density of 115.4/sq mi (44.6/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 7.73% White, 89.18% Native American, and 3.09% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.09% of the population.
There were 55 households, out of which 49.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples living together, 30.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.8% were non-families. 16.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.53 and the average family size was 3.93.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 46.9% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 3.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 21 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $36,250, and the median income for a family was $23,125. Males had a median income of $16,042 versus $14,861 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $9,838. About 46.5% of families and 54.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including all of those under the age of 18 and none of those 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.13237811625003815,
0.5382540225982666,
-0.10298728197813034,
0.1484626829624176,
0.8350667953491211,
0.35794797539711,
0.3711031377315521,
0.45833078026771545,
-0.053638655692338943,
0.05592795088887215,
0.07160033285617828,
0.23187872767448425,
-0.3148149847984314,
0.4584081768989563,
-0.7134435772895813,
0.050501011312007904,
0.4056489169597626,
0.4330565631389618,
1.0079795122146606,
-0.03874003887176514,
0.4101511240005493,
-0.39495909214019775,
-0.21940074861049652,
0.6018614172935486,
-0.1452384889125824,
0.9510302543640137,
0.6191447973251343,
0.19109055399894714,
0.15414763987064362,
0.38853657245635986,
-0.09787256270647049,
0.7690203189849854,
-0.5198488235473633,
-0.3919876515865326,
0.3297283351421356,
-0.2591491937637329,
-0.09183096140623093,
-0.2982388436794281,
-0.18023385107517242,
-0.1291358470916748,
0.010887188836932182,
0.23735815286636353,
0.11172101646661758,
0.11484553664922714,
0.11284220218658447,
-0.10564617812633514,
-1.6093858480453491,
0.11759717017412186,
-0.8142266273498535,
-0.15702204406261444,
-0.9429646730422974,
-0.05445867404341698,
-0.1623043268918991,
0.10440676659345627,
0.6152817010879517,
0.6238173246383667,
-0.3870476484298706,
-0.09807824343442917,
0.4305022656917572,
0.3907642364501953,
-0.2414492964744568,
0.03331463038921356,
0.18189696967601776,
0.10441884398460388,
-0.22738315165042877,
0.3582080602645874,
0.07755962014198303,
0.41310983896255493,
-0.11484396457672119,
-0.471469908952713,
0.4736654758453369,
0.2642900049686432,
-0.44124385714530945,
0.6710052490234375,
0.09545672684907913,
1.2834551334381104,
-1.038565993309021,
-0.09130368381738663,
-0.01615244708955288,
0.3928118348121643,
0.08502181619405746,
0.06782325357198715,
0.4720149338245392,
0.4730466604232788,
-0.06932240724563599,
0.3240634500980377,
-0.44205036759376526,
0.3227713108062744,
-0.3278500735759735,
0.6891431212425232,
-0.7695410251617432,
-0.2522605359554291,
0.09599240869283676,
-0.35682740807533264,
-0.24035383760929108,
-0.14563503861427307,
-0.5757178068161011,
0.5537110567092896,
-0.048912253230810165,
0.4394210875034332,
-0.5949377417564392,
-0.10172001272439957,
1.0095605850219727,
0.21846263110637665,
-1.0327094793319702,
-0.6780175566673279,
-0.7584308385848999,
-0.4221801459789276,
0.009125863201916218,
0.15649369359016418,
-0.3903624415397644,
0.6155855059623718,
0.0829097107052803,
-0.479128360748291,
-0.37351635098457336,
0.7904865741729736,
0.0056947972625494,
-0.28583624958992004,
-0.44932398200035095,
-0.3932514190673828,
0.307797372341156,
0.15324442088603973,
0.042187631130218506,
-0.2572352886199951,
0.19987250864505768,
0.23388133943080902,
0.5038213729858398,
0.06905996799468994,
0.0904742106795311,
0.21699979901313782,
-0.33190402388572693,
0.7198778390884399,
-0.043104320764541626,
0.052640948444604874,
0.2168637216091156,
-0.3408375084400177,
-0.26365718245506287,
-0.4745660424232483,
0.48863181471824646,
0.20089910924434662,
-0.41502615809440613,
0.16187681257724762,
-0.41544854640960693,
-0.3560726046562195,
0.6702847480773926,
0.055689167231321335,
-0.09001673758029938,
-0.5356361269950867,
0.10900676995515823,
-0.42409107089042664,
0.311693400144577,
0.22091001272201538,
0.45636263489723206,
0.42489224672317505,
0.20015116035938263,
-0.035694532096385956,
0.3433794677257538,
0.4004238545894623,
0.2651755213737488,
0.3769626319408417,
-0.01153079979121685,
1.0148354768753052,
0.7827851176261902,
-0.23308929800987244,
0.937471330165863,
-0.2611832022666931,
0.4762275815010071,
-0.5808846354484558,
0.18275921046733856,
0.7264227867126465,
-0.384512335062027,
0.3368966579437256,
0.62071692943573,
0.12386257946491241,
0.31927499175071716,
-0.7914139628410339,
0.7937992215156555,
0.2653997242450714,
0.33286210894584656,
-0.2677344083786011,
-0.8271350860595703,
0.3053668141365051,
-0.24793905019760132,
-0.04347420111298561,
-0.26679494976997375,
-0.0058865719474852085,
0.1692514717578888,
-0.029600676149129868,
-0.10445105284452438,
-0.22928835451602936,
-0.5292946696281433,
-0.7287366390228271,
0.6551507115364075,
0.28882643580436707,
0.9373396039009094,
-0.4766274690628052,
-0.6983577609062195,
0.6666799187660217,
-0.1794424057006836,
0.3694683611392975,
-0.3192287087440491,
0.009415616281330585,
0.362585186958313,
-0.49797049164772034,
-0.9310503005981445,
-0.1511930227279663,
0.333746075630188,
0.020748581737279892,
0.3592345714569092,
0.5933358073234558,
-0.011037555523216724,
-0.24987488985061646,
0.2426888644695282,
1.1109074354171753,
0.08443357795476913,
-0.34453725814819336,
-0.0629824846982956,
-0.06974800676107407,
0.39399808645248413,
-0.25698205828666687,
0.5706776976585388,
0.09384132921695709,
0.15179355442523956,
-0.12361816316843033,
-0.3332781493663788,
0.5140318274497986,
0.7649447321891785,
0.2592391073703766,
0.19518724083900452,
0.02553325518965721,
0.1696341633796692,
-0.11667793989181519,
0.5771679878234863,
-0.6118992567062378,
0.16827405989170074,
0.081858791410923,
-0.013223937712609768,
-0.7917761206626892,
0.9423867464065552,
-0.4437606632709503,
-0.36357641220092773,
-0.17213617265224457,
-0.7350093722343445,
-0.052928656339645386,
0.6213157773017883,
0.21818797290325165,
0.4540645182132721,
-0.03735879436135292,
0.07046569138765335,
-0.5355949401855469,
0.00020411658624652773,
0.24965140223503113,
0.3490042984485626,
-0.2635863125324249,
0.1854105442762375,
-0.03782877326011658,
-0.07414376735687256,
0.16262750327587128,
0.5045670866966248,
0.003463822416961193,
-0.27876031398773193,
0.38547104597091675,
-0.12780138850212097,
0.0634857639670372,
0.3183210790157318,
-0.4151783585548401,
-0.29712334275245667,
-0.24582189321517944,
0.07762803137302399,
0.5367632508277893,
0.519616425037384,
-0.35687199234962463,
-0.16050289571285248,
0.28942394256591797,
0.2661278545856476,
-0.15593788027763367,
-0.3709714710712433,
-0.39677608013153076,
-0.841332197189331,
-0.15087279677391052,
0.5129993557929993,
0.5526931881904602,
0.009209863841533661,
-0.3807104825973511,
-0.02431819960474968,
-0.3982222378253937,
0.74760901927948,
-0.013498302549123764,
-0.8411620259284973,
-0.28169843554496765,
0.020518915727734566,
-0.23514480888843536,
-0.06017996370792389,
0.07976710051298141,
-0.4931674599647522,
0.315572589635849,
0.007256258279085159,
-0.43537428975105286,
0.35911595821380615,
-0.4099603593349457,
-0.2536715567111969,
-0.12546367943286896,
-0.6282848119735718,
-0.004170900676399469,
-0.31325045228004456,
-0.26693806052207947,
0.4817882776260376,
-0.26440155506134033,
-5.0583271980285645,
0.7775716185569763,
-0.42290040850639343,
-0.33762672543525696,
-0.1794671267271042,
-0.27728185057640076,
0.21118488907814026,
-0.6253183484077454,
0.17181463539600372,
0.5775969624519348,
-0.5828579068183899,
-0.13657042384147644,
0.3752569854259491,
0.3781372010707855,
0.8925780653953552,
0.05022040009498596,
0.8665744066238403,
-0.19017016887664795,
0.2671656608581543,
0.3974834978580475,
-0.16378147900104523,
0.5587538480758667,
-0.12129491567611694,
0.11475963145494461,
0.590542197227478,
0.7959870100021362,
0.3612646460533142,
-0.5441585779190063,
-0.5709511041641235,
-0.30058541893959045,
-0.016768038272857666,
-0.16075938940048218,
-0.44924184679985046,
-0.1048182025551796,
-0.10521486401557922,
-0.2662758231163025,
0.36415114998817444,
-0.23222599923610687,
0.6996674537658691,
-0.216884046792984,
0.18562783300876617,
0.22903357446193695,
-0.22644935548305511,
-0.7110356688499451,
0.3772897720336914,
-0.08804646134376526,
-0.2803080081939697,
-0.3871850371360779,
-0.24446123838424683,
0.7878842949867249,
-0.10783908516168594,
0.2007354497909546,
0.9869702458381653,
0.11746913194656372,
0.4147148132324219,
-0.25335565209388733,
0.2619043290615082,
-0.008732362650334835,
-0.6975277662277222,
0.5606862902641296,
0.4556465446949005,
-0.9050121307373047,
-0.28760892152786255,
-0.011051315814256668,
0.031296178698539734,
-0.7023596167564392,
0.12505032122135162,
0.1747741401195526,
0.22387577593326569,
0.41571107506752014,
-0.0006920025334693491,
0.10440275818109512,
-0.5521142482757568,
-0.971684992313385,
0.5438411831855774,
-0.7017309069633484,
-0.5865076780319214,
0.15913841128349304,
-0.773775041103363,
-0.05023876205086708,
-0.14048132300376892,
0.04288985952734947,
0.2549802362918854,
1.1442883014678955,
0.5825242400169373,
-0.5006599426269531,
-0.056356966495513916,
0.20090730488300323,
-0.12640458345413208,
-0.8295073509216309,
1.108269453048706,
0.03337717056274414,
0.5954306721687317,
0.007898078300058842,
-0.4700797498226166,
-0.2270803302526474,
0.589240550994873,
-0.3057292401790619,
-0.029354656115174294,
-0.21351313591003418,
0.9470900297164917,
0.09788878262042999,
0.11172205954790115,
-0.44882434606552124,
-0.5921085476875305,
-0.4265798330307007,
0.2903093993663788,
-0.09350792318582535,
0.5193034410476685,
-0.5256766676902771,
-0.44407492876052856,
-0.10074865818023682,
-0.15281568467617035,
-0.14461830258369446,
0.12728820741176605,
0.4265443980693817,
-0.2164834439754486,
0.39673787355422974,
0.31740203499794006,
0.22335800528526306,
0.2594110369682312,
-0.33702701330184937,
-0.9049259424209595,
0.08850544691085815,
0.07886649668216705,
-0.23999851942062378,
0.8279905915260315,
-0.44635286927223206,
-0.7666260004043579,
0.40632176399230957,
0.155961275100708,
-0.32151028513908386,
-0.016475802287459373,
-0.0063226004131138325,
-0.21838721632957458,
0.011700889095664024,
-0.8671913743019104,
-0.7767624855041504,
0.32175740599632263,
0.8241121172904968,
0.5063226222991943,
0.32160046696662903,
-0.05672556534409523,
0.6701379418373108,
-0.22101108729839325,
0.8356020450592041,
0.17223694920539856,
0.04074091464281082,
-0.8278571963310242,
0.8454269766807556,
-0.8189997673034668,
-0.557577908039093,
-0.30425167083740234,
-0.30981338024139404,
0.24847133457660675,
0.08958429843187332,
-0.2843019664287567,
0.38928285241127014,
0.27638527750968933,
-0.2501070201396942,
0.25606483221054077,
0.2881213128566742,
-0.9119125008583069,
0.5582433938980103,
-0.28907856345176697,
-0.469380259513855,
-0.3079645335674286,
-0.0104407649487257,
-0.7132533192634583,
0.10101986676454544,
0.34428563714027405,
-0.4937836527824402,
-0.14488045871257782,
0.5199527144432068,
0.37594953179359436,
-0.48759859800338745,
-0.06743147224187851,
0.25261834263801575,
-0.02051372639834881,
0.09230648726224899,
-0.09682586789131165,
-0.3919954001903534,
-0.18170365691184998,
0.03354678303003311,
0.544281005859375,
-0.9736376404762268,
-0.42510202527046204,
0.06640631705522537,
-0.034674495458602905,
0.27344566583633423,
0.17306070029735565,
-0.29626935720443726,
0.45723646879196167,
0.5472467541694641,
0.003647884586825967,
-0.4112805128097534,
0.45382076501846313,
0.028195952996611595,
-0.2771921157836914,
-0.4064112603664398,
-0.07390681654214859,
0.05002206936478615,
-0.37451615929603577,
0.6727083921432495,
-0.31620118021965027,
-0.5079848170280457,
0.6332312226295471,
0.6897677779197693,
-0.4510175585746765,
0.8207446932792664,
-0.3022124171257019,
-0.7980763912200928,
0.6468097567558289,
0.10167433321475983,
-0.12417642772197723,
0.29466867446899414,
0.12347526848316193,
0.15160095691680908,
-0.17227090895175934,
-0.07288198918104172,
-0.405028760433197,
-0.26006799936294556,
-0.04893952235579491,
-0.9083091616630554,
-0.5340093374252319,
0.3985195755958557,
-0.1373535692691803,
-0.07585595548152924,
0.4521419405937195,
-0.5855997800827026,
-0.035975381731987,
-0.3924754858016968,
0.01099212747067213,
0.1776224821805954,
-0.06686342507600784,
0.07574088126420975,
-0.5272244811058044,
-0.007027378771454096,
0.8378881216049194,
-0.33274656534194946,
0.007444280199706554,
1.1495895385742188,
0.7072245478630066,
-0.47804585099220276,
-0.7082569599151611,
0.43329787254333496,
0.24100588262081146,
-0.07394475489854813,
-0.9797496199607849,
0.7330340147018433,
0.9990212917327881,
-0.3573196828365326,
-0.21931731700897217,
-0.6174821853637695,
0.921366810798645,
-0.34807321429252625,
-0.06115787848830223,
0.7884871959686279,
-0.5258356928825378,
0.6680414080619812,
0.1472504585981369,
0.15569694340229034,
-0.22376038134098053,
0.18253976106643677,
0.5807907581329346,
-0.2978368103504181,
-0.05917517468333244,
-0.47826045751571655,
0.2933787405490875,
-1.0457693338394165,
-0.15640956163406372,
-0.2880634069442749,
-0.06094203144311905,
-0.20689892768859863,
-0.37170857191085815,
-0.1888638138771057,
-0.21744345128536224,
-1.1157814264297485,
0.060897719115018845,
0.09753596037626266,
-0.6041021943092346,
-0.17746402323246002,
-0.0394604466855526,
-0.3506854474544525,
-0.05477490276098251,
-0.3774731755256653,
-0.33446675539016724,
0.1986072063446045,
-0.06581299006938934,
0.7116304636001587,
-0.8143260478973389,
0.02732119895517826,
0.03091810643672943,
-0.9408228993415833,
0.2101009339094162,
0.02318689227104187,
0.6518707871437073,
0.5166630148887634,
-0.6587835550308228,
0.3441098630428314,
-0.936808705329895,
0.6174285411834717,
0.009039097465574741,
-0.6046902537345886,
0.3770398497581482,
-0.10945889353752136,
-0.6501609086990356,
-0.733817458152771,
0.2808687388896942,
0.4235788583755493,
0.2717665433883667,
0.2235916256904602,
0.4708483815193176,
0.5974276661872864,
-0.5182679891586304,
0.298617422580719,
0.15543289482593536,
-0.3163694143295288,
-0.2105444371700287,
0.4666421711444855,
-0.5426595211029053,
0.04034153372049332,
0.25805819034576416,
0.8306829333305359,
-0.37189412117004395,
0.7270926237106323,
-0.5096687078475952,
0.4515874683856964,
0.20301851630210876,
0.4512731432914734,
-0.3095812201499939,
-1.11416757106781,
0.039120376110076904,
-0.4052717387676239,
-0.7435463070869446,
-0.43681076169013977,
-0.2641943693161011,
-0.6195081472396851,
-0.8803983926773071,
0.3507506847381592,
0.547747015953064,
0.1330479383468628,
-0.1890798956155777,
-0.4677392244338989,
0.12602674961090088,
-0.15348751842975616,
0.27745309472084045,
0.3128037750720978,
0.23987042903900146,
-0.3402598202228546,
0.028787221759557724,
-0.7294766306877136,
-0.0977497324347496,
-0.9366908073425293,
-0.1928374171257019,
0.06887498497962952,
-0.1370828002691269,
-0.5176817774772644,
-0.15556006133556366,
0.5542263984680176,
-0.6674008965492249,
-0.5556665658950806,
0.36015745997428894,
0.2163662314414978,
-0.4407823979854584,
-0.7930741906166077,
0.36194247007369995,
-0.6744920611381531,
0.1660294383764267,
0.5737335681915283,
-0.04693300276994705,
0.08361433446407318,
0.17063310742378235,
-0.39744246006011963,
0.18282945454120636,
0.09069332480430603,
-0.15124079585075378,
0.09672180563211441,
-0.513826847076416,
0.052903614938259125,
-0.08354639261960983,
0.10870343446731567,
-0.5567463040351868,
-0.3819751739501953,
0.33793678879737854,
0.17676013708114624,
0.1272936761379242,
-0.10586348921060562,
-0.44336819648742676,
-0.18642675876617432,
0.14315849542617798,
-0.5287494659423828,
-0.30211660265922546,
0.13754555583000183,
-0.28872933983802795,
0.26455578207969666,
0.19208094477653503,
0.5549314618110657,
0.7195898294448853,
0.5406257510185242,
-0.14960449934005737,
-0.10281151533126831,
0.5013534426689148,
0.34716618061065674,
-0.23633010685443878,
0.22405967116355896,
-0.4058696925640106,
0.1009584367275238,
-0.8838313817977905,
0.37023255228996277,
0.07829958200454712,
0.9614928960800171,
0.12137584388256073,
1.4772303104400635,
-0.49053871631622314,
-0.043517403304576874,
0.8322325348854065,
-0.27673327922821045,
-0.2578255236148834,
-0.2992829382419586,
-0.48111534118652344,
-1.1300162076950073,
0.3512488007545471,
0.4855335056781769,
-0.14197708666324615,
-0.490139901638031,
-0.3153592646121979,
-0.46418824791908264,
-1.1375669240951538,
0.31430676579475403,
0.07947032153606415,
-0.9183551669120789,
0.16653360426425934,
-0.3440108597278595,
0.1567564308643341,
-1.0389658212661743,
-0.4330618679523468,
1.3318986892700195,
0.9361734390258789,
-0.6116082072257996,
0.33573636412620544,
0.05374981835484505,
-0.1190982386469841,
-0.03278900310397148,
0.9048988819122314,
0.31994739174842834,
-0.7568349838256836,
-0.8646594882011414,
-0.7025246024131775,
0.3377110958099365,
-0.15262237191200256,
-0.1342555284500122,
0.10818029940128326,
-0.5309870839118958,
-0.12942329049110413,
0.07966390997171402,
0.5901942849159241,
0.051530059427022934,
0.3216046988964081,
-0.1670686900615692
]
|
123484 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woods%20Bay%2C%20Montana | Woods Bay, Montana | Woods Bay is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lake County, Montana, United States. The population was 661 at the 2010 census, down from 748 at the 2000 census.
Geography
Woods Bay is located in northern Lake County at (48.006749, -114.063121), on the eastern shore of the northern end of Flathead Lake. It is bordered to the north by the community of Bigfork in Flathead County. Montana Highway 35 passes through the community, leading north into Bigfork and south to Polson, the Lake county seat. Kalispell is northwest of Woods Bay via highways 35, 82, and 93.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Woods Bay CDP has a total area of , of which , or 1.15%, are water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 661 people living in the CDP. There were 496 housing units, 287 occupied with 233 of those being owner-occupied and 209 were vacant. 524 of the total population reside in the 233 owner-occupied housing units. 172 of the vacant properties were for seasonal/recreational/occasional use.
There were 287 households, out of which 74 had children under the age of 18 living with them, 174 were married couples living together, 20 had a female householder with no husband present, and 88 were non-families. 74 of all households were made up of individuals living alone. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.75.
The racial makeup of the CDP was 639 (96.67%) White, 5 (0.76%) Native American, 1 (0.15%) Asian, 1 (0.15%) from other races, and 15 (2.27%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14 (2.12%) out of the total.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 19.4% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 20.6% from 25 to 44, 33.4% from 45 to 64, and 20.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.1 males.
The median income for a household in the past 12 months (2006-2010 5 year estimate) in the CDP was $26,875, and the median income for a family was $78,295. Males had a median income of $12,100 versus $4,536 for females in non-family households. About 13.5% of families and 31.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 51.2% of those under age 18 and 0% of those age 65 or over. Approximately 91 households have received SNAP (food stamps) in the past 12 months.
Note: The margin of error in these statistics is rather high, so the accuracy may be in question, partially because it appears in Woods Bay CDP people are either very rich and live there in their vacation home seasonally or they are fairly poor and live there year-round.
See also
List of census-designated places in Montana
References
External links
Census-designated places in Lake County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.08619076013565063,
0.7870573401451111,
0.1930844485759735,
0.17054003477096558,
0.652492344379425,
0.10794248431921005,
0.7053660154342651,
0.39884722232818604,
0.011430557817220688,
-0.035108696669340134,
-0.43760499358177185,
-0.17981956899166107,
-0.3805515468120575,
0.6574290990829468,
-0.49779483675956726,
0.17342334985733032,
0.31078627705574036,
0.7129606604576111,
0.8827334046363831,
-0.3160156011581421,
0.17567144334316254,
-0.6761541962623596,
0.1493634134531021,
0.8564488291740417,
-0.3941566050052643,
0.7499446868896484,
0.8056721687316895,
0.4076746106147766,
0.13532136380672455,
0.00886503979563713,
-0.0108428243547678,
0.45332664251327515,
-0.3245691955089569,
-0.14764392375946045,
0.5342192053794861,
-0.3877362310886383,
0.31885746121406555,
-0.06497226655483246,
-0.30529674887657166,
-0.17594026029109955,
-0.3725889027118683,
0.14747045934200287,
0.09425190091133118,
0.22320033609867096,
0.44467028975486755,
-0.32067418098449707,
-1.12662935256958,
0.413939505815506,
-0.47705206274986267,
-0.3102055788040161,
-0.8964890241622925,
-0.06047512963414192,
0.02101708948612213,
0.15159380435943604,
0.5670010447502136,
0.597445011138916,
-0.2771632671356201,
0.13588398694992065,
0.5734507441520691,
-0.11898646503686905,
-0.43194344639778137,
0.05817403644323349,
0.205679789185524,
-0.17282769083976746,
-0.1743943691253662,
-0.10861508548259735,
0.11258044838905334,
0.4010753035545349,
0.7106834650039673,
-0.779032289981842,
0.06390496343374252,
0.03754224255681038,
-0.35744571685791016,
0.768502414226532,
0.3696717321872711,
0.9898436665534973,
-0.41158318519592285,
-0.1314174383878708,
0.42905882000923157,
0.05498163774609566,
0.28723496198654175,
0.20458266139030457,
-0.0576399490237236,
0.16101819276809692,
-0.08014935255050659,
0.24114781618118286,
-0.31858739256858826,
-0.16025742888450623,
0.043735310435295105,
0.746074378490448,
-0.8247068524360657,
-0.3650203347206116,
0.11073698103427887,
-0.2098805457353592,
-0.008366559632122517,
-0.07846064120531082,
-0.09296437352895737,
0.7088364958763123,
-0.07022684812545776,
0.4562090039253235,
-0.6918982267379761,
0.19442518055438995,
0.8773531913757324,
-0.07598879188299179,
-0.7794126868247986,
-0.7712295055389404,
-1.0219550132751465,
-0.05636279657483101,
-0.16744227707386017,
-0.09306703507900238,
-0.36857759952545166,
0.28963181376457214,
-0.13234849274158478,
-0.2554168999195099,
-0.30209431052207947,
0.582089364528656,
0.07999762147665024,
-0.6465669870376587,
-0.21485701203346252,
-0.26642045378685,
0.38993775844573975,
0.41158527135849,
-0.14250530302524567,
-0.41558459401130676,
-0.32453107833862305,
0.18252797424793243,
0.5583629012107849,
-0.08110123872756958,
-0.055737972259521484,
0.04174834117293358,
-0.716627299785614,
0.6971241235733032,
-0.07330511510372162,
0.26976898312568665,
0.2517727315425873,
-0.49702751636505127,
-0.2728889584541321,
-0.18462082743644714,
0.20313097536563873,
-0.33202242851257324,
-0.5615652203559875,
-0.1436937302350998,
-0.3122205138206482,
-0.12601719796657562,
0.6844643354415894,
-0.16771134734153748,
-0.3615114390850067,
-1.0404092073440552,
-0.0625450387597084,
-0.07106435298919678,
0.03169424831867218,
0.37006688117980957,
0.6142703890800476,
0.53254634141922,
-0.1976454257965088,
0.4845678508281708,
0.6188425421714783,
0.38583943247795105,
0.4746178388595581,
0.3874812722206116,
0.3845641314983368,
0.822997510433197,
0.7337243556976318,
0.059300292283296585,
0.8676358461380005,
-0.1579231172800064,
0.472865492105484,
-0.6054708361625671,
-0.0007568565779365599,
0.5814253091812134,
0.07885123044252396,
0.3672142028808594,
0.8214676380157471,
-0.5042237639427185,
0.5297010540962219,
-0.8104916214942932,
0.22979030013084412,
0.4899646043777466,
0.05572865903377533,
-0.2095761001110077,
-0.8977083563804626,
0.5832057595252991,
0.09552725404500961,
-0.4413086175918579,
-0.6544216275215149,
0.12920288741588593,
0.21777085959911346,
-0.043465130031108856,
-0.2255948781967163,
-0.7046634554862976,
-0.4786668121814728,
-1.0117783546447754,
0.8018508553504944,
-0.27658870816230774,
0.6253037452697754,
-0.2979002594947815,
0.05443252623081207,
0.3298296630382538,
-0.282857209444046,
0.022937579080462456,
-0.24659432470798492,
-0.3082605302333832,
0.5845173597335815,
-0.7434458136558533,
-0.7892153263092041,
0.18629798293113708,
0.20183958113193512,
0.10258609056472778,
0.06472276151180267,
0.691825270652771,
0.13860516250133514,
-0.3782123327255249,
0.37200698256492615,
0.777214527130127,
-0.3105061948299408,
0.04763392359018326,
-0.3193580210208893,
-0.09117917716503143,
0.597062885761261,
-0.5392335653305054,
0.3067325949668884,
0.2799997627735138,
0.1133343055844307,
0.03668934106826782,
-0.1498786360025406,
0.8621633648872375,
1.0302766561508179,
0.3336789309978485,
0.0541783832013607,
0.10427912324666977,
0.4283153712749481,
0.04539191350340843,
0.12798132002353668,
-0.32761865854263306,
-0.03668588027358055,
-0.11511934548616409,
-0.013641119003295898,
-0.3501654863357544,
0.7574076652526855,
-0.7373671531677246,
0.1408652514219284,
-0.4340139627456665,
-0.08248274773359299,
-0.13395676016807556,
0.6920126080513,
0.45298510789871216,
0.2553071975708008,
-0.11091437935829163,
0.14426645636558533,
-0.3177312910556793,
0.4385035037994385,
0.19225279986858368,
0.5361096858978271,
-0.2806738615036011,
0.5824634432792664,
-0.020784659311175346,
-0.2611388564109802,
-0.2654955983161926,
0.3399675488471985,
-0.04889734834432602,
0.007027683779597282,
0.3128564655780792,
-0.36394503712654114,
0.17751635611057281,
0.4125274419784546,
-0.692024290561676,
0.022105688229203224,
-0.6825933456420898,
-0.5137923955917358,
0.9530730843544006,
0.3279537260532379,
-0.4204697012901306,
-0.2614600956439972,
0.28459876775741577,
0.6831801533699036,
0.33371731638908386,
-0.1541983187198639,
-0.6253953576087952,
-0.5897040367126465,
0.006483166478574276,
0.38621875643730164,
0.6029900312423706,
-0.32667645812034607,
-0.5446851253509521,
-0.31189119815826416,
-0.695002019405365,
0.480633407831192,
0.12894146144390106,
-0.448642373085022,
-0.05688505992293358,
0.12116308510303497,
-0.1645684540271759,
-0.25912728905677795,
0.6335340738296509,
-0.37849465012550354,
-0.007962184958159924,
0.011547866277396679,
0.08892350643873215,
0.836360514163971,
-0.8323127627372742,
0.08094878494739532,
0.5716409087181091,
-0.9771627187728882,
0.15296316146850586,
-0.37625735998153687,
-0.13972294330596924,
0.1728670448064804,
-0.6672536730766296,
-4.7849907875061035,
1.0548073053359985,
-0.6720786690711975,
-0.6032059192657471,
-0.28773707151412964,
-0.08171360939741135,
0.19481855630874634,
-0.8256248235702515,
-0.08421338349580765,
0.533697247505188,
-0.5476978421211243,
-0.45377224683761597,
0.21700701117515564,
0.6955010890960693,
0.876015305519104,
0.14167320728302002,
0.5371517539024353,
-0.3148714005947113,
0.6376321911811829,
0.45055264234542847,
-0.26294147968292236,
0.6760270595550537,
-0.4489312171936035,
-0.31135526299476624,
0.7647557258605957,
0.1845896989107132,
-0.4269232153892517,
-0.42262953519821167,
-0.729282557964325,
0.10111787915229797,
0.03379131481051445,
0.15519188344478607,
-0.764756977558136,
-0.0037117747124284506,
-0.07945587486028671,
0.030570577830076218,
0.10854027420282364,
-0.3976994454860687,
0.6599487662315369,
-0.14992576837539673,
0.383892685174942,
0.4820103645324707,
-0.3341386914253235,
-0.06649584323167801,
0.6608875393867493,
-0.09046359360218048,
0.09788502007722855,
-0.25093117356300354,
-0.0226398054510355,
0.6929380297660828,
0.5988695621490479,
0.30272409319877625,
0.9109613299369812,
0.21977974474430084,
0.09415526688098907,
-0.5524629354476929,
0.3479907512664795,
-0.19565589725971222,
-0.7411220073699951,
0.5109110474586487,
0.22578781843185425,
-0.602073609828949,
-0.03930826485157013,
0.35368937253952026,
-0.08794381469488144,
-0.6800271272659302,
0.27441856265068054,
0.00096629693871364,
0.3011041581630707,
-0.03992568701505661,
0.09949871152639389,
0.6931753158569336,
-0.6117531657218933,
-0.7906286716461182,
0.254357248544693,
-0.8506359457969666,
-0.5641597509384155,
0.27655792236328125,
-0.8551785349845886,
-0.03465253859758377,
0.19530507922172546,
0.21239468455314636,
0.45029473304748535,
0.8964430093765259,
0.2973342537879944,
-0.9467952251434326,
-0.1603655368089676,
0.12444962561130524,
-0.08827606588602066,
-0.9055136442184448,
0.7283377051353455,
-0.005563457030802965,
0.3941801190376282,
-0.44302475452423096,
-0.3998670279979706,
0.30294501781463623,
0.8951265811920166,
0.057402241975069046,
0.12012527883052826,
-0.5961353182792664,
0.7755230665206909,
0.12390292435884476,
-0.1712464690208435,
-0.4882660508155823,
-0.537194013595581,
-0.814924418926239,
0.03676996007561684,
0.2975238859653473,
0.7347738146781921,
-0.5883632302284241,
-0.35697463154792786,
-0.15695737302303314,
-0.35484570264816284,
0.1903175711631775,
0.3719518780708313,
0.1723303347826004,
-0.24902915954589844,
0.52602618932724,
0.6473680734634399,
0.0932394415140152,
0.24659831821918488,
0.015603865496814251,
-0.4593670666217804,
0.2960110604763031,
0.1207129955291748,
-0.13650375604629517,
0.1797415167093277,
-0.2472054660320282,
-0.5665852427482605,
0.5741569995880127,
-0.01964966394007206,
-0.020924758166074753,
-0.23411382734775543,
-0.5693742036819458,
-0.14156754314899445,
-0.1399741768836975,
-0.6159151196479797,
-0.8944443464279175,
0.347283273935318,
0.4775526821613312,
0.24218495190143585,
0.3676537573337555,
-0.044883646070957184,
0.9277311563491821,
-0.15968415141105652,
0.40203285217285156,
-0.009323837235569954,
0.04047971963882446,
-0.9507482051849365,
0.3803611099720001,
-1.2722704410552979,
-0.7999177575111389,
0.09409498423337936,
-0.35986992716789246,
0.38459134101867676,
-0.7454979419708252,
-0.12740913033485413,
0.5906006097793579,
0.26626643538475037,
-0.29929715394973755,
0.6989526152610779,
-0.29275262355804443,
-0.7278220057487488,
0.6503332853317261,
-0.30756282806396484,
-0.00658281659707427,
-0.7043548822402954,
-0.26690924167633057,
-0.7173976898193359,
0.3051661252975464,
0.8100548982620239,
-0.360840380191803,
-0.22425296902656555,
0.11782217025756836,
0.5342149138450623,
-0.22590699791908264,
-0.4602177143096924,
0.22939243912696838,
0.03042084351181984,
0.0540982149541378,
-0.4359132647514343,
-0.47128617763519287,
-0.37166205048561096,
-0.18524104356765747,
0.3636995553970337,
-0.36703765392303467,
-0.4556814730167389,
-0.6762881875038147,
-0.20400464534759521,
0.18495944142341614,
-0.029933849349617958,
-0.4243989884853363,
0.33616411685943604,
0.22962389886379242,
0.1944885551929474,
-0.8206934928894043,
0.4720178544521332,
-0.37312236428260803,
-0.43637800216674805,
-0.9242528080940247,
0.12139257788658142,
0.3695232570171356,
-0.40757665038108826,
0.29821160435676575,
0.04287499934434891,
-0.22774749994277954,
0.4594646990299225,
0.6085166931152344,
-0.7549403309822083,
1.0860795974731445,
-0.2614210247993469,
-0.6339975595474243,
0.5228337645530701,
0.5334135890007019,
-0.14892977476119995,
0.7179118990898132,
0.0870935320854187,
0.27782925963401794,
-0.6126004457473755,
-0.09360235184431076,
-0.22654621303081512,
0.1085994616150856,
-0.37933292984962463,
-1.1979142427444458,
-0.8396191000938416,
0.8018627762794495,
0.1715647429227829,
0.09866908937692642,
0.8152070641517639,
-0.5679369568824768,
-0.25987356901168823,
-0.3384060561656952,
0.24302120506763458,
-0.05343397334218025,
0.5875563025474548,
0.2652464509010315,
-0.5356235504150391,
0.11328673362731934,
1.0505671501159668,
0.031109413132071495,
0.15657784044742584,
1.3704488277435303,
0.1779644936323166,
-0.71898353099823,
-0.6627165675163269,
0.1140284463763237,
0.538469135761261,
-0.22783714532852173,
-1.3432259559631348,
0.90772944688797,
0.5373790264129639,
-0.5365373492240906,
-0.17126797139644623,
-0.055505331605672836,
1.135854721069336,
-0.35284480452537537,
-0.3022018074989319,
0.8903228044509888,
-0.33389532566070557,
0.21693632006645203,
0.39267697930336,
0.041021957993507385,
0.27951425313949585,
0.44864338636398315,
0.8129386305809021,
-0.4578023850917816,
-0.08447807282209396,
-0.6238408088684082,
-0.1095108762383461,
-0.7257823348045349,
-0.046986039727926254,
-0.33491671085357666,
0.49008768796920776,
0.11505524069070816,
-0.5595311522483826,
0.1576119065284729,
-0.0046092248521745205,
-0.7899570465087891,
-0.2551819384098053,
-0.14430522918701172,
-0.39260584115982056,
-0.16112230718135834,
-0.02268170937895775,
-0.11657175421714783,
0.3313736617565155,
-0.763837993144989,
-0.3951416611671448,
0.18252365291118622,
-0.8835752010345459,
0.5209254026412964,
-0.3822639584541321,
0.09055933356285095,
-0.07576166093349457,
-0.6636852025985718,
0.25793731212615967,
0.2153002917766571,
0.5520080924034119,
0.5414797067642212,
-0.08307595551013947,
0.2657804787158966,
-0.8543347716331482,
0.8339219093322754,
-0.3005713224411011,
-1.0609796047210693,
0.5511170029640198,
-0.24697227776050568,
-0.687285304069519,
-0.6687904000282288,
0.13794495165348053,
0.33139365911483765,
0.18093281984329224,
-0.0702928677201271,
0.10716906934976578,
0.5981531739234924,
-0.36707115173339844,
0.20305590331554413,
0.3615964651107788,
-0.2563486397266388,
-0.3710770010948181,
0.5314222574234009,
-0.5493454933166504,
0.10940467566251755,
0.5868836641311646,
0.44787004590034485,
-0.5712507367134094,
0.970617949962616,
-0.45999646186828613,
0.6140142679214478,
0.26501673460006714,
0.6819978356361389,
-0.1202492043375969,
-1.5375932455062866,
-0.3240900933742523,
0.3209195137023926,
-0.9435871243476868,
-0.5207924842834473,
-0.31064754724502563,
-0.5461981892585754,
-0.6950330138206482,
-0.010875530540943146,
0.26962825655937195,
0.009277132339775562,
0.34717705845832825,
0.12597982585430145,
-0.1113436222076416,
-0.19069422781467438,
0.15963542461395264,
-0.01897161453962326,
0.2146150767803192,
0.03081267699599266,
0.07467495650053024,
-0.7952497005462646,
-0.3432678282260895,
-0.7219597697257996,
-0.8452966809272766,
0.044975608587265015,
0.0182754248380661,
-0.49199849367141724,
-0.40293264389038086,
0.3318979740142822,
0.024507012218236923,
-0.9535224437713623,
0.22371159493923187,
0.19389300048351288,
-0.13903182744979858,
-0.7554543018341064,
0.5378111600875854,
-0.45930105447769165,
-0.013372768647968769,
0.5053653717041016,
0.23335207998752594,
0.5036198496818542,
0.3085514307022095,
0.30283960700035095,
-0.026496833190321922,
0.25906556844711304,
0.10300629585981369,
0.5510165095329285,
-0.19997794926166534,
0.1403622180223465,
-0.5303621292114258,
0.6965512037277222,
-0.5042614340782166,
-0.41618508100509644,
-0.06614373624324799,
-0.7709920406341553,
-0.16177698969841003,
0.476006418466568,
-0.01873365044593811,
-0.5401084423065186,
0.07455313205718994,
-0.258919358253479,
-0.5867961049079895,
-0.2033536583185196,
-0.21219591796398163,
0.06348017603158951,
0.17390811443328857,
0.6626793146133423,
0.9971973896026611,
0.08025452494621277,
0.05385857820510864,
-0.09833850711584091,
0.11051176488399506,
0.300557017326355,
0.1575353741645813,
0.38825955986976624,
-0.39710602164268494,
0.2826334834098816,
-0.3425959050655365,
0.9181514978408813,
-0.32340139150619507,
0.9015469551086426,
-0.3184872269630432,
0.9873417615890503,
-0.3972078561782837,
0.31624355912208557,
0.7770473957061768,
-0.33884263038635254,
-0.29410797357559204,
-0.7661120891571045,
0.15318666398525238,
-0.7865493893623352,
0.4270218014717102,
0.3481094539165497,
0.07753228396177292,
-0.09133609384298325,
-0.3371354043483734,
-0.19376569986343384,
-0.836353600025177,
0.5529366135597229,
-0.02358974702656269,
-1.0580965280532837,
-0.0664689913392067,
0.054704710841178894,
-0.2468051016330719,
-1.145797610282898,
-0.22989916801452637,
1.2173984050750732,
1.0102132558822632,
-0.2294287383556366,
0.0115858418866992,
-0.5708101987838745,
-0.2434517741203308,
-0.0309893898665905,
0.7846454977989197,
0.6601458191871643,
-0.8210117816925049,
-0.9870961308479309,
-0.6771997809410095,
0.32486408948898315,
0.05959019809961319,
-0.5279673933982849,
-0.05618623271584511,
-0.47177261114120483,
-0.24184133112430573,
0.06450705230236053,
0.5152133703231812,
-0.34003713726997375,
0.7309583425521851,
-0.3380148112773895
]
|
123485 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusta%2C%20Montana | Augusta, Montana | Augusta is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, United States. The population was 309 at the 2010 census and rising to 316 in the 2020 census. The most accepted version in the naming of this town is after Augusta Hogan, thought to be the first child born in this town, the daughter of J. D. Hogan, an early rancher.
Augusta is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area.
The original townsite was dedicated on May 8, 1893. A fire on April 4, 1901, destroyed part of the town.
Geography
Augusta is located in northern Lewis and Clark County at (47.490892, -112.394181), on the north side of Elk Creek (or the South Fork of the Sun River), which flows out of the Lewis and Clark Range to the southwest and leads northeast to the Sun River, part of the Missouri River watershed.
U.S. Route 287 passes through Augusta as the northern part of its Main Street, and leads north to its northern terminus at Choteau and south to Interstate 15 near Wolf Creek. Helena, the state capital, is south of Augusta via US 287 and I-15. Montana Highway 21 leads east from Augusta to Simms and is the first in a series of highways that lead east to Great Falls.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Augusta CDP has a total area of , all land.
Augusta is a gateway to the Bob Marshall Wilderness and Scapegoat Wilderness areas and the Lewis and Clark National Forest.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Augusta has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.
Demographics
As of the 2020 census, there were 316 people, and 142 households in the CDP. There were 205 housing units (161 occupied). 25.2% of people were under 18 and 23.3% were 65 and over.
As of the census of 2000, there were 284 people, 142 households, and 83 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 509.1 people per square mile (195.8/km2). There were 193 housing units at an average density of 346.0 per square mile (133.1/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 92.61% White, 2.46% Native American, 1.41% from other races, and 3.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.76% of the population.
There were 142 households, out of which 19.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.5% were non-families. 38.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.00 and the average family size was 2.63.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 19.4% under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 16.9% from 25 to 44, 33.5% from 45 to 64, and 26.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $24,688, and the median income for a family was $30,956. Males had a median income of $23,125 versus $15,536 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,608. About 9.6% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.5% of those under the age of eighteen and 6.1% of those 65 or over.
Education
Augusta has a public school serving grades K-12. Augusta High School is a Class C school. They are known as the Elk.
Augusta has a public library, a branch of the Lewis & Clark Library.
References
External links
Augusta Area Chamber of Commerce
The Fairfield Sun Times, a newspaper serving Augusta
Augusta Rodeo
Census-designated places in Montana
Census-designated places in Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area | [
0.15002888441085815,
0.43773138523101807,
-0.2575303316116333,
-0.09039201587438583,
0.7224018573760986,
0.5914653539657593,
0.8764040470123291,
0.26893430948257446,
0.022302672266960144,
-0.24177983403205872,
-0.09112992882728577,
0.05946989730000496,
-0.8051462769508362,
0.9917328357696533,
-0.6546793580055237,
0.6336835622787476,
-0.08567629009485245,
0.5026925206184387,
0.5506587028503418,
0.32044342160224915,
-0.1297404021024704,
-0.4683676064014435,
0.2907370328903198,
0.7542834877967834,
-0.19356274604797363,
0.1362428516149521,
1.065728783607483,
0.3042151927947998,
-0.4198576807975769,
-0.09605222940444946,
-0.6548237800598145,
0.36287161707878113,
-0.47735583782196045,
-0.4211026728153229,
0.18296198546886444,
-0.1567082554101944,
0.3911921977996826,
0.25506770610809326,
0.008927068673074245,
-0.26062849164009094,
-0.3188130557537079,
-0.06817786395549774,
0.06931322813034058,
-0.11681894958019257,
0.1483309119939804,
-0.41075247526168823,
-1.394195318222046,
0.5842560529708862,
-1.0281471014022827,
-0.6410209536552429,
-0.5941991209983826,
-0.033959489315748215,
0.5091937780380249,
0.23862643539905548,
0.5286309719085693,
0.2646734416484833,
-0.2221597135066986,
0.2481623888015747,
0.2682182490825653,
-0.11973400413990021,
-0.15325841307640076,
0.685972273349762,
0.4037974178791046,
-0.16277474164962769,
0.006037800572812557,
-0.008325019851326942,
-0.0782763883471489,
0.16989099979400635,
0.5369516015052795,
-0.6549368500709534,
-0.2596907913684845,
-0.10210266709327698,
-0.5781220197677612,
0.539961576461792,
-0.23784701526165009,
0.7238654494285583,
-0.5254403948783875,
-0.3862081468105316,
0.20128712058067322,
0.07377205044031143,
0.05568671226501465,
-0.1625281423330307,
0.5950623154640198,
-0.18023696541786194,
0.13022468984127045,
0.011323580518364906,
-0.41209492087364197,
-0.03734533488750458,
0.04904358834028244,
0.6416618824005127,
-1.1088281869888306,
-0.19609791040420532,
0.018259556964039803,
-0.3035723567008972,
-0.2729048430919647,
-0.8791888952255249,
-0.3781411349773407,
0.7032617926597595,
-0.440792977809906,
0.5805692076683044,
-1.0064704418182373,
-0.008255057036876678,
0.9198814034461975,
-0.09531363099813461,
-0.5345085263252258,
-0.6445680856704712,
-0.8700243830680847,
-0.0912429466843605,
0.07130779325962067,
0.0345553420484066,
-0.2711401581764221,
0.511869490146637,
0.3233456611633301,
-0.8015379309654236,
-0.6060826182365417,
0.17024631798267365,
-0.24427053332328796,
-0.6025884747505188,
-0.23820245265960693,
-0.2566072642803192,
0.54803466796875,
0.3735349178314209,
-0.45364534854888916,
-0.023019354790449142,
-0.167184516787529,
0.5232047438621521,
0.5549108982086182,
-0.3999103605747223,
0.18978314101696014,
0.15672667324543,
-0.5005091428756714,
0.6866357326507568,
-0.19710655510425568,
0.4653748869895935,
0.26966923475265503,
-1.0199772119522095,
-0.3946166932582855,
-0.3987289071083069,
0.6653070449829102,
-0.28466588258743286,
-0.4463949501514435,
0.17243880033493042,
-0.5093710422515869,
-0.02387865073978901,
0.20648793876171112,
-0.44544363021850586,
-0.026659894734621048,
-0.737787127494812,
0.15860983729362488,
0.15338034927845,
0.01071049366146326,
-0.12464915215969086,
0.13855275511741638,
0.6059446930885315,
-0.05960214138031006,
-0.12585386633872986,
0.8726597428321838,
0.4625367820262909,
0.29506248235702515,
0.5488139986991882,
0.30949708819389343,
1.2174701690673828,
1.0287657976150513,
0.05608266592025757,
0.788638710975647,
-0.2838400602340698,
0.48772507905960083,
-0.29239004850387573,
0.16313548386096954,
0.39390215277671814,
-0.3818282186985016,
0.4391355812549591,
0.6605561375617981,
-0.09949109703302383,
0.1710834950208664,
-0.57334303855896,
0.48370683193206787,
0.11296150088310242,
0.0033452948555350304,
-0.428378164768219,
-0.7474431991577148,
-0.04930654540657997,
0.03777126222848892,
0.35796135663986206,
0.22566764056682587,
-0.09888309240341187,
-0.2158055603504181,
-0.014636268839240074,
0.18676762282848358,
-0.7895858287811279,
-0.39768654108047485,
-0.6332528591156006,
0.3182784616947174,
0.07775333523750305,
0.08415563404560089,
-0.04374714940786362,
-0.634309709072113,
0.9317401647567749,
0.14734885096549988,
0.07113701105117798,
0.18367865681648254,
-0.1278417408466339,
0.03220183774828911,
-0.6582418084144592,
0.1932564675807953,
0.04613979160785675,
0.19854216277599335,
0.3656391501426697,
0.1634022444486618,
0.7743770480155945,
0.17856821417808533,
-0.6742450594902039,
-0.162677600979805,
0.6208723783493042,
-0.523723840713501,
-0.2404794991016388,
0.25971299409866333,
0.30412912368774414,
0.7730852961540222,
-0.5581103563308716,
0.3623758852481842,
0.21055850386619568,
-0.2901853621006012,
-0.24661685526371002,
-0.1853513866662979,
0.583670973777771,
0.24886685609817505,
0.1537729948759079,
-0.10744798183441162,
0.14671464264392853,
0.47616443037986755,
0.1553685963153839,
0.1859399527311325,
-0.20095106959342957,
0.000843060202896595,
0.2965414226055145,
-0.15735119581222534,
-0.45315179228782654,
0.5574754476547241,
-0.5861189961433411,
0.11421617865562439,
0.1476171314716339,
-0.4865037798881531,
0.4330083429813385,
0.43450894951820374,
0.4545077383518219,
-0.15885993838310242,
-0.003278236836194992,
-0.038072507828474045,
-0.20304246246814728,
0.21369768679141998,
-0.678397536277771,
0.3793528974056244,
0.12496177107095718,
-0.10729138553142548,
-0.13202562928199768,
-0.5817403197288513,
-0.4449685513973236,
0.6018434762954712,
0.1608905792236328,
-0.2451465129852295,
0.24071386456489563,
-0.5492963194847107,
0.28044745326042175,
0.6346767544746399,
-0.372530072927475,
-0.42412272095680237,
-0.49029240012168884,
-0.3345857262611389,
0.8317328691482544,
0.617698609828949,
-0.07115212082862854,
-0.1361827552318573,
0.13707861304283142,
0.8347329497337341,
-0.303045392036438,
-0.35692012310028076,
0.07035815715789795,
-1.1033762693405151,
-0.078095942735672,
0.5501924753189087,
0.5091230273246765,
0.03642992302775383,
-0.20087222754955292,
-0.7104079127311707,
-0.5743640661239624,
0.8475236296653748,
-0.18121357262134552,
-0.8350945115089417,
0.6212913990020752,
-0.25379863381385803,
-0.027997924014925957,
-0.39901500940322876,
0.6299373507499695,
-0.6243591904640198,
0.0745815634727478,
0.37448981404304504,
0.09376028180122375,
0.2050212174654007,
-0.8872807025909424,
-0.24768757820129395,
0.46600207686424255,
-0.6450744271278381,
0.23709553480148315,
0.055288609117269516,
-0.393228679895401,
0.41927289962768555,
-0.510679304599762,
-4.764732837677002,
0.6491140127182007,
-0.15654253959655762,
-0.8319700360298157,
-0.029852403327822685,
-0.1220930963754654,
0.18970072269439697,
-0.20563781261444092,
-0.33228906989097595,
0.31505638360977173,
0.056475140154361725,
-0.3363606333732605,
0.20007354021072388,
0.9427016377449036,
0.9038410186767578,
0.4985187351703644,
0.7714651823043823,
-0.3379083573818207,
0.6233500838279724,
0.7805993556976318,
-0.16450215876102448,
0.3026387691497803,
-0.026168784126639366,
0.13194015622138977,
0.6171648502349854,
0.4189779758453369,
-0.24794262647628784,
-0.40021610260009766,
-0.5931220650672913,
-0.3506043255329132,
0.26890212297439575,
-0.20989784598350525,
-0.4535728096961975,
0.0992390364408493,
0.29672950506210327,
-0.16679681837558746,
0.0055270069278776646,
-0.4961191713809967,
0.6345154643058777,
-0.4605843424797058,
0.2890222370624542,
0.6342945694923401,
-0.41014930605888367,
-0.11743046343326569,
0.2861780822277069,
-0.38128989934921265,
-0.10132354497909546,
0.06570223718881607,
0.03314802795648575,
0.7430393099784851,
0.2983624339103699,
0.7504656314849854,
0.7046197056770325,
0.3992641270160675,
0.23406150937080383,
-0.01955290324985981,
0.011970989406108856,
0.057383276522159576,
-0.793766975402832,
0.4573504626750946,
-0.09702353924512863,
-0.09672946482896805,
0.1306607872247696,
0.04374171048402786,
-0.10652239620685577,
-0.5412247776985168,
-0.06258849054574966,
0.31591591238975525,
0.15826039016246796,
0.2464805543422699,
0.1350128948688507,
-0.2568443715572357,
-0.44459468126296997,
-0.7925014495849609,
0.632041335105896,
-0.8169631958007812,
-0.24536265432834625,
-0.09317488223314285,
-0.7749975323677063,
-0.46847009658813477,
-0.26764440536499023,
-0.13279908895492554,
0.7684180736541748,
0.715811550617218,
0.8086544871330261,
-0.28593894839286804,
0.17487671971321106,
0.044553034007549286,
-0.315130352973938,
-1.0569933652877808,
0.8780615925788879,
-0.030031811445951462,
0.6029373407363892,
-0.251513808965683,
-0.03229394927620888,
-0.08908036351203918,
0.6208989024162292,
-0.05560917779803276,
0.5625600218772888,
-0.24771547317504883,
0.3498550057411194,
-0.5567806363105774,
0.3592555522918701,
-0.386174738407135,
-0.10760192573070526,
-0.23130665719509125,
0.18538327515125275,
0.04770902544260025,
1.020944595336914,
-0.8383225202560425,
-0.4298199713230133,
0.2480410784482956,
0.05390530452132225,
-0.07419503480195999,
0.049705397337675095,
0.2742611765861511,
-0.042461685836315155,
0.04552115499973297,
0.5706688165664673,
0.0918501541018486,
-0.09658414125442505,
-0.2306133657693863,
-0.28647175431251526,
0.1289961338043213,
0.3508431315422058,
-0.16385792195796967,
0.7170988917350769,
0.04215868562459946,
-0.2972539961338043,
0.2337045669555664,
0.1999662071466446,
-0.020610852167010307,
-0.46535125374794006,
-0.09206362068653107,
-0.7081574201583862,
-0.06675560027360916,
-0.5215140581130981,
-0.8953860998153687,
0.23559515178203583,
0.41649678349494934,
0.11296416819095612,
0.4551715552806854,
-0.6104224920272827,
0.5420086979866028,
0.2247396856546402,
0.3237482011318207,
0.660858154296875,
-0.018861975520849228,
-1.085690975189209,
0.18141740560531616,
-0.7747325897216797,
-0.5086886882781982,
-0.005328213330358267,
-0.7412670850753784,
-0.2440141886472702,
0.26096832752227783,
0.021987145766615868,
0.605087161064148,
-0.05515190213918686,
-0.277485728263855,
0.2627982795238495,
-0.6717950105667114,
-0.6451740860939026,
0.7011168599128723,
-0.1504739224910736,
-0.13614535331726074,
-0.6343650817871094,
-0.366627037525177,
-0.5292802453041077,
0.20963390171527863,
0.787598192691803,
-0.21673180162906647,
0.09103692322969437,
-0.20451705157756805,
0.395881325006485,
-0.13606008887290955,
-0.371826708316803,
0.47495466470718384,
-0.17020542919635773,
-0.329243004322052,
-0.07178875803947449,
-0.31079867482185364,
-0.8810610175132751,
-0.5154567360877991,
-0.053887225687503815,
-0.3083597719669342,
-0.25603190064430237,
-0.14141282439231873,
0.1209494099020958,
-0.11674858629703522,
-0.29161396622657776,
-0.15573237836360931,
0.5449003577232361,
-0.26524025201797485,
-0.2396315187215805,
-0.439431369304657,
0.636676013469696,
0.33744463324546814,
-0.36559492349624634,
-0.5432080030441284,
0.07277518510818481,
0.5106143951416016,
-0.8198733329772949,
0.4781021475791931,
-0.16072946786880493,
-0.7090511322021484,
0.7484047412872314,
0.48317694664001465,
-0.2204374223947525,
0.7646017670631409,
-0.3905944228172302,
-0.6665058732032776,
0.958743155002594,
0.7939864993095398,
-0.19995693862438202,
0.8740004897117615,
-0.04478731378912926,
0.10442080348730087,
-0.2188357710838318,
-0.222661092877388,
-0.5061478018760681,
0.007832111790776253,
0.09688673913478851,
-0.6046301126480103,
-0.5072890520095825,
0.2550574541091919,
0.23383982479572296,
-0.41875776648521423,
0.4244173467159271,
-0.5759033560752869,
0.17682509124279022,
0.5756856799125671,
-0.21574509143829346,
0.04009784013032913,
0.4762880802154541,
-0.08320770412683487,
-0.4548224210739136,
0.08204232901334763,
0.548909068107605,
-0.10566231608390808,
0.3977789878845215,
1.2976049184799194,
0.08920691162347794,
-0.5340328216552734,
-0.29700154066085815,
0.13474611937999725,
0.26420319080352783,
-0.37573596835136414,
-1.4879677295684814,
0.9186142086982727,
0.8572715520858765,
-0.6444486975669861,
-1.0638154745101929,
0.11987742781639099,
0.7487207651138306,
-0.5847243666648865,
-0.4341188371181488,
1.2354786396026611,
-0.2981523275375366,
0.6804251670837402,
0.6747646927833557,
-0.153376504778862,
0.2149238884449005,
0.06710589677095413,
0.3181338608264923,
-0.5661537647247314,
0.41482654213905334,
-0.5745838284492493,
-0.013072878122329712,
-0.8128728866577148,
-0.15739475190639496,
-0.12337598949670792,
0.49296295642852783,
-0.1551559865474701,
-0.5075221657752991,
-0.18189185857772827,
0.22665821015834808,
-0.8276478052139282,
-0.3569267988204956,
-0.20934319496154785,
-0.48945897817611694,
0.09462279826402664,
0.16443410515785217,
-0.45635464787483215,
-0.11343753337860107,
-1.1194626092910767,
-0.12264315783977509,
0.24216102063655853,
-1.2714980840682983,
0.005989638157188892,
-0.3652213215827942,
-0.43932244181632996,
0.24012993276119232,
-0.9220201969146729,
-0.013214901089668274,
0.7007867693901062,
0.2610297203063965,
0.49404075741767883,
-0.07652872055768967,
0.15138603746891022,
-0.890917181968689,
1.0672475099563599,
0.09371087700128555,
-0.2712767422199249,
-0.20473068952560425,
-0.6717937588691711,
-0.37624219059944153,
-0.7892981767654419,
0.01992104947566986,
0.37171605229377747,
-0.16234849393367767,
-0.11704187840223312,
0.673853874206543,
0.7330505847930908,
-0.48059675097465515,
0.3899487257003784,
0.14375817775726318,
-0.31662437319755554,
-0.46548333764076233,
0.5198039412498474,
-0.7322231531143188,
0.05620864778757095,
0.47493141889572144,
0.7052978873252869,
0.2723371386528015,
1.1817338466644287,
-0.43523505330085754,
0.7182764410972595,
-0.20493441820144653,
0.22282467782497406,
-0.20811547338962555,
-1.3118027448654175,
-0.3493824303150177,
0.48042771220207214,
-0.6765190362930298,
-0.40651097893714905,
0.4608161747455597,
-0.7508189678192139,
-0.7553834915161133,
0.07097691297531128,
0.12119153141975403,
0.1994195133447647,
0.46685338020324707,
0.1317281275987625,
0.28601306676864624,
-0.06587943434715271,
0.07576752454042435,
0.5598440170288086,
0.28112754225730896,
-0.46799880266189575,
-0.14205753803253174,
-0.49470922350883484,
-0.3343920111656189,
-0.9058190584182739,
-0.6256498098373413,
0.47912850975990295,
0.8097742199897766,
-0.8970949649810791,
-0.39978495240211487,
0.6974600553512573,
-0.3813623785972595,
-1.0777370929718018,
0.6305981278419495,
0.10184226185083389,
-0.12450326234102249,
-0.6396368145942688,
0.5794440507888794,
-0.35634422302246094,
-0.14704234898090363,
0.7673634886741638,
0.5484537482261658,
0.6099984049797058,
0.08197272568941116,
0.6318188905715942,
0.432606041431427,
0.1434844434261322,
0.07131214439868927,
0.421944797039032,
-0.14593817293643951,
0.3101862370967865,
-0.37321937084198,
0.29867199063301086,
-0.026790089905261993,
-0.6432992219924927,
-0.17903830111026764,
-0.7571642398834229,
-0.05166586861014366,
0.059449050575494766,
0.03317470848560333,
-0.41283324360847473,
0.2652834951877594,
-0.06445620208978653,
-0.7415336966514587,
-0.5035046339035034,
0.03645458072423935,
0.07462063431739807,
0.3023914098739624,
0.6064968109130859,
0.5328097939491272,
0.40142595767974854,
0.2168029397726059,
0.2566392719745636,
0.4035516679286957,
-0.3334382474422455,
0.23402632772922516,
0.22471778094768524,
-0.21309080719947815,
0.2703721821308136,
-0.7430415153503418,
0.5042297840118408,
0.1734655499458313,
0.2679527997970581,
-0.24179589748382568,
0.88278728723526,
-0.1976442039012909,
-0.09231255948543549,
0.6735296845436096,
-0.10941172391176224,
-0.33382558822631836,
-0.1820802539587021,
0.4908626079559326,
-0.9372024536132812,
0.44133394956588745,
0.7483572959899902,
-0.5295282006263733,
-0.2928465008735657,
0.1431770622730255,
0.029688308015465736,
-0.89590984582901,
0.6106166243553162,
0.42449697852134705,
-1.156087040901184,
-0.014191994443535805,
0.12271653115749359,
-0.5794434547424316,
-0.9319534301757812,
-0.43618831038475037,
1.6570574045181274,
0.28775888681411743,
-0.06402041018009186,
-0.053614020347595215,
-0.32549744844436646,
-0.12094255536794662,
0.08057861775159836,
0.8600983023643494,
0.8828562498092651,
-0.9899728298187256,
-0.5490061044692993,
-0.96119624376297,
0.4538387358188629,
-0.5080194473266602,
-0.4385169744491577,
-0.0357309989631176,
-0.24274003505706787,
0.02813720703125,
0.2296513020992279,
0.2824060320854187,
-0.8228309750556946,
0.5922673344612122,
0.20489582419395447
]
|
123486 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East%20Helena%2C%20Montana | East Helena, Montana | East Helena is a city in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, United States, approximately east of downtown Helena. The population was 1,944 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Lewis and Clark and Jefferson counties; its population is 83,058 according to the 2020 Census.
The settlement became East Helena in 1889, after the construction of the Helena & Livingston Smelting & Reduction Company’s smelter.
Geography
East Helena is located at (46.589856, -111.916798).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, East Helena has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,984 people, 875 households, and 528 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 916 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 91.0% White, 0.5% African American, 3.3% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 4.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.6% of the population.
There were 875 households, of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.7% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.7% were non-families. 32.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.85.
The median age in the city was 36.3 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.6% were from 25 to 44; 26% were from 45 to 64; and 13.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.7% male and 51.3% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,642 people, 694 households, and 462 families living in the town. The population density was 1,963.8 people per square mile (754.7/km2). There were 728 housing units at an average density of 870.7 per square mile (334.6/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 94.70% White, 0.18% African American, 3.11% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.55% from other races, and 1.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.83% of the population. 22.3% were of German, 13.8% Irish, 12.8% Norwegian, 8.2% English, 6.1% American and 6.1% French ancestry according to Census 2000.
There were 694 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.4% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.92.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.2% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.4 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $31,071, and the median income for a family was $35,455. Males had a median income of $28,472 versus $19,828 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,893. About 7.5% of families and 8.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.7% of those under age 18 and 5.5% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Public schools
Eastgate Elementary School
Prickly Pear Elementary School
Radley Elementary School
East Valley Middle School
East Helena High School
Libraries
East Helena has a public library, a branch of the Lewis & Clark Library.
References
External links
Cities in Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area
Cities in Montana | [
0.08266442269086838,
0.5655249357223511,
0.3007737100124359,
-0.30668219923973083,
0.45513013005256653,
0.23406662046909332,
0.7367002964019775,
0.2728132903575897,
-0.06356274336576462,
-0.05665968358516693,
-0.4692980945110321,
-0.027122490108013153,
-0.3859435021877289,
0.6390458941459656,
-0.6502189040184021,
0.49493956565856934,
0.26926088333129883,
0.9742447137832642,
0.480764240026474,
0.14071060717105865,
-0.007182154804468155,
-0.6204822659492493,
0.0856471136212349,
0.8478791117668152,
0.11651574820280075,
0.48617836833000183,
0.5326775908470154,
-0.13355518877506256,
-0.13760678470134735,
0.011724071577191353,
0.03530777990818024,
0.4410233795642853,
-0.35152527689933777,
-0.44019079208374023,
-0.0693252757191658,
-0.2099693864583969,
0.24856872856616974,
0.3244076073169708,
-0.10128259658813477,
-0.14706800878047943,
-0.48664167523384094,
-0.1824357807636261,
0.18195632100105286,
-0.2430431991815567,
0.22198696434497833,
-0.7363328337669373,
-1.291624665260315,
0.28263577818870544,
-0.9792690873146057,
-0.36102500557899475,
-1.1025654077529907,
-0.22535574436187744,
0.12637431919574738,
0.39968129992485046,
0.49638497829437256,
0.37513071298599243,
-0.6116507053375244,
0.01152753084897995,
0.31604984402656555,
0.03901689872145653,
-0.3367110788822174,
0.41352880001068115,
0.22228576242923737,
-0.2302127629518509,
-0.024953782558441162,
0.15951885282993317,
0.07385189831256866,
0.2968074381351471,
0.10844527930021286,
-0.584867000579834,
-0.2384597361087799,
0.21555708348751068,
-0.30734241008758545,
0.23346243798732758,
-0.11907246708869934,
0.3473844528198242,
-0.7310657501220703,
0.11372563987970352,
0.30260780453681946,
0.0657663643360138,
0.608356237411499,
0.26775622367858887,
0.24704913794994354,
-0.301037073135376,
0.10568032413721085,
-0.23962987959384918,
-0.5384015440940857,
-0.4186175763607025,
0.07990952581167221,
0.7636497616767883,
-1.0212428569793701,
0.029777750372886658,
0.05333862826228142,
0.11998363584280014,
0.029052887111902237,
-0.8127752542495728,
-0.40289926528930664,
0.3465949594974518,
-0.2900235950946808,
0.49304071068763733,
-0.4718915522098541,
-0.24195991456508636,
1.0333603620529175,
0.14734932780265808,
-0.6645300388336182,
-0.38741251826286316,
-0.7403613328933716,
0.4783874452114105,
0.2463129162788391,
0.02012520655989647,
-0.8847866058349609,
0.4541071057319641,
-0.0591399222612381,
-0.41448667645454407,
-0.6504283547401428,
0.11171483248472214,
0.15949177742004395,
-0.566541850566864,
-0.4313923716545105,
-0.7389999628067017,
0.24034656584262848,
0.6959924697875977,
-0.0758361890912056,
0.07065864652395248,
-0.22293376922607422,
0.3636508584022522,
0.564254641532898,
0.13357320427894592,
0.0320359505712986,
0.050607677549123764,
-0.6057301759719849,
0.5372344255447388,
-0.0762755274772644,
0.4512960612773895,
-0.14529764652252197,
-0.7825660705566406,
-0.14412660896778107,
0.1866418570280075,
0.48705774545669556,
-0.014651967212557793,
-0.31963884830474854,
0.2658437192440033,
-0.13305023312568665,
0.07837548851966858,
0.46141159534454346,
-0.2890913784503937,
-0.28632086515426636,
-0.7920989394187927,
-0.11552456766366959,
-0.3113815486431122,
-0.0023072182666510344,
0.08711208403110504,
-0.179306298494339,
0.10509958863258362,
0.2827928960323334,
0.21180544793605804,
0.7909054160118103,
0.11956139653921127,
0.46863964200019836,
0.33116406202316284,
0.5417701005935669,
1.0189368724822998,
0.7086744904518127,
-0.22751100361347198,
0.5661184787750244,
-0.3550994396209717,
0.34933745861053467,
-0.38224342465400696,
0.2776854932308197,
0.5605507493019104,
-0.3436563014984131,
0.4243687093257904,
0.6252174973487854,
-0.06263338774442673,
0.09663833677768707,
-0.7401700615882874,
0.05146806687116623,
0.6180132031440735,
-0.25125858187675476,
-0.024530284106731415,
-0.5041993856430054,
1.2587472200393677,
-0.3601354956626892,
-0.27214115858078003,
-0.5346078872680664,
0.4042547941207886,
0.055400144308805466,
0.21715673804283142,
-0.37130409479141235,
-0.746386706829071,
-0.42883527278900146,
-0.9509760141372681,
0.4104960262775421,
0.014380129985511303,
0.4664301872253418,
0.08499488234519958,
-0.27590617537498474,
0.8296381235122681,
-0.39520907402038574,
0.4692421853542328,
-0.19854500889778137,
-0.3480440378189087,
0.9480869770050049,
-0.44719198346138,
-0.2093651443719864,
0.1809385120868683,
0.2350701093673706,
0.12719368934631348,
0.27707961201667786,
1.0313853025436401,
0.07077699899673462,
-0.14832912385463715,
-0.06670303642749786,
0.6349152326583862,
-0.34415820240974426,
0.3224085867404938,
-0.04266049712896347,
-0.08877719193696976,
0.2089575231075287,
-0.1542893499135971,
0.5330444574356079,
0.49468356370925903,
0.004416146315634251,
-0.2896120548248291,
-0.18532584607601166,
0.22170208394527435,
0.8545135259628296,
0.19573789834976196,
-0.39274880290031433,
0.36566880345344543,
0.13809360563755035,
0.3583514988422394,
0.1315491497516632,
-0.09783141314983368,
-0.018131639808416367,
-0.48106250166893005,
0.16619236767292023,
-0.2994236350059509,
0.6190117597579956,
-0.45946425199508667,
0.11441647261381149,
-0.11730995774269104,
-0.4484172463417053,
0.28110259771347046,
0.3019026815891266,
0.7092010974884033,
-0.13488346338272095,
0.2545659840106964,
-0.4018148183822632,
0.08956526964902878,
0.08221631497144699,
-0.08143343776464462,
0.7095222473144531,
0.22909492254257202,
0.4595118761062622,
0.16644436120986938,
-0.1517118662595749,
-0.24539229273796082,
0.6900425553321838,
0.16077403724193573,
-0.0011712106643244624,
0.22929561138153076,
0.09592545032501221,
-0.18305428326129913,
0.6600144505500793,
-0.22580936551094055,
0.12452159821987152,
-0.8155210018157959,
0.11775472015142441,
0.8408651947975159,
0.4998432397842407,
-0.14861634373664856,
-0.155484139919281,
0.243362158536911,
0.588489294052124,
-0.19253268837928772,
-0.5081730484962463,
-0.14448019862174988,
-0.8030974864959717,
-0.27711087465286255,
0.48658692836761475,
0.7819236516952515,
-0.13082492351531982,
-0.2685789465904236,
-0.21104644238948822,
-0.7294579148292542,
0.5406619310379028,
-0.18347376585006714,
-0.5753567814826965,
0.017583152279257774,
-0.22972223162651062,
-0.2339874505996704,
-0.1774711161851883,
-0.13573168218135834,
-0.49551451206207275,
0.6131919622421265,
0.6091874241828918,
0.3589070737361908,
0.5321066379547119,
-0.951852560043335,
0.050561338663101196,
0.2669956684112549,
-0.22377729415893555,
0.3184616267681122,
-0.10763727128505707,
-0.28434503078460693,
0.4974827170372009,
-0.5134022235870361,
-5.239016532897949,
0.7418550252914429,
-0.5219154953956604,
-0.48972392082214355,
-0.3174322843551636,
-0.4601721465587616,
0.17009378969669342,
-0.16339100897312164,
-0.13394740223884583,
0.09007566422224045,
0.10123201459646225,
-0.08705306798219681,
-0.3772498071193695,
0.8375094532966614,
0.8204591274261475,
0.4716537594795227,
0.4147256314754486,
-0.005178217776119709,
0.6697563529014587,
0.6424452066421509,
0.021565210074186325,
0.1820867955684662,
0.04378250613808632,
0.07344616949558258,
0.9740167856216431,
0.35452544689178467,
-0.4202619194984436,
-0.33997929096221924,
-0.6370663046836853,
-0.7232035398483276,
0.11031734943389893,
0.24725034832954407,
-0.6764275431632996,
-0.22682246565818787,
0.46933746337890625,
-0.05134306102991104,
0.29500994086265564,
-0.41670864820480347,
0.559873104095459,
-0.1463238149881363,
0.2072611302137375,
0.2663712799549103,
0.12577788531780243,
0.16958381235599518,
0.3386055827140808,
0.021851401776075363,
0.10368674993515015,
-0.05308451130986214,
-0.1154799535870552,
0.5436065196990967,
0.22204670310020447,
0.3380862772464752,
0.7511571645736694,
0.42009425163269043,
0.2424432635307312,
-0.3464372158050537,
-0.12072014808654785,
0.6092485785484314,
-0.3334258198738098,
0.790534496307373,
0.31549498438835144,
-0.4489608108997345,
-0.2676940858364105,
0.08398358523845673,
0.0043836841359734535,
-0.40536728501319885,
-0.05267971381545067,
-0.18369971215724945,
0.3821442127227783,
0.07076597958803177,
0.10141386836767197,
-0.18496569991111755,
-0.8037859201431274,
-0.7513177394866943,
0.09343034774065018,
-1.0672842264175415,
-0.4063373804092407,
-0.0703488290309906,
-0.7876890301704407,
0.30899304151535034,
-0.3951902687549591,
-0.18677693605422974,
0.4646061360836029,
0.5442283153533936,
0.43670186400413513,
-0.27310726046562195,
-0.2775386869907379,
-0.07003413885831833,
0.10861586779356003,
-0.733568012714386,
0.4434821903705597,
-0.4274391531944275,
0.5383092164993286,
-0.5244898796081543,
-0.5925491452217102,
-0.4622839391231537,
0.5042726397514343,
-0.06997931748628616,
0.31194013357162476,
-0.2710496485233307,
0.02791975624859333,
-0.02326231263577938,
-0.20817357301712036,
-0.03897355869412422,
-0.17384709417819977,
-0.772425651550293,
0.35448840260505676,
0.3970816433429718,
0.7773353457450867,
-0.9311378598213196,
-0.6488681435585022,
-0.06359589099884033,
-0.3783814311027527,
-0.10501877218484879,
0.09562768042087555,
0.34455209970474243,
-0.09992539137601852,
-0.06844782829284668,
0.4610048234462738,
0.1520250290632248,
0.15889108180999756,
-0.2276858538389206,
-0.3202720284461975,
0.18699711561203003,
-0.3860898017883301,
-0.3049716055393219,
0.10030592232942581,
-0.22608935832977295,
0.1436654031276703,
0.3840731084346771,
0.07109253108501434,
-0.12319771200418472,
0.0076819597743451595,
-0.20252051949501038,
-0.1620512306690216,
0.20491337776184082,
0.2570416033267975,
-0.6048791408538818,
0.06124366074800491,
0.17821452021598816,
0.3556517958641052,
0.22189049422740936,
-0.3103765547275543,
1.2061493396759033,
-0.32039234042167664,
0.468127578496933,
0.19901645183563232,
-0.23961977660655975,
-1.2496017217636108,
0.5912622213363647,
-0.7569713592529297,
0.07614652812480927,
-0.07708168029785156,
-0.32783636450767517,
0.06579957157373428,
0.08571524918079376,
0.01861726865172386,
0.5656075477600098,
-0.07314619421958923,
0.05614439398050308,
0.373454213142395,
-0.6051656603813171,
-0.2889702320098877,
0.4412587285041809,
0.02043302170932293,
-0.18149341642856598,
-0.47515296936035156,
-0.06907450407743454,
-0.2979535460472107,
0.10233531147241592,
0.6848012208938599,
-0.5578398704528809,
-0.5380261540412903,
-0.18748119473457336,
0.44164058566093445,
-0.35425397753715515,
-0.018303826451301575,
0.4822418689727783,
-0.20739790797233582,
-0.38064128160476685,
0.12692223489284515,
-0.6207793951034546,
-0.6005557179450989,
-0.41368111968040466,
0.1351051777601242,
-0.247537761926651,
-0.41891831159591675,
-0.6073450446128845,
0.2077803760766983,
-0.24707137048244476,
0.10709264874458313,
-0.4252363443374634,
0.0490800105035305,
-0.07137896120548248,
0.2872178852558136,
-0.6462988257408142,
0.29184186458587646,
-0.11579351872205734,
-0.0089156748726964,
-0.47781068086624146,
0.011754624545574188,
0.1625421792268753,
0.02885904349386692,
0.5282564163208008,
-0.03777964413166046,
-0.38636675477027893,
0.5839053392410278,
0.47692450881004333,
-0.5920206904411316,
0.4081660807132721,
-0.05139835551381111,
-0.6240714192390442,
0.5186576843261719,
1.052416443824768,
-0.08207707107067108,
0.6867506504058838,
0.2527429759502411,
0.1715465635061264,
-0.4059793949127197,
-0.3601456582546234,
-0.5970149636268616,
-0.034212805330753326,
-0.25987350940704346,
-0.8951994776725769,
-0.5362890958786011,
0.39756110310554504,
0.23795412480831146,
-0.4259982407093048,
0.9850165843963623,
-0.799278974533081,
0.04611426591873169,
0.20685426890850067,
-0.18890352547168732,
0.11921828240156174,
0.4402056932449341,
0.4003197252750397,
-0.37148967385292053,
0.023015519604086876,
0.2657794952392578,
0.1566886007785797,
-0.13938267529010773,
1.2287039756774902,
0.05953030288219452,
-0.29969215393066406,
-0.3980983793735504,
0.860981822013855,
0.11037120968103409,
-0.037918999791145325,
-1.4404250383377075,
0.7747997045516968,
0.4130791127681732,
-0.46653175354003906,
-0.5629656910896301,
-0.2513916492462158,
0.47943711280822754,
-0.584648072719574,
-0.25722262263298035,
0.785139799118042,
-0.3389354646205902,
0.5040845274925232,
0.2079523801803589,
-0.16918957233428955,
0.1614476442337036,
0.3187164068222046,
0.42887693643569946,
0.04183013364672661,
-0.11361601203680038,
-0.6392284035682678,
-0.017281053587794304,
-0.7888169288635254,
-0.049795228987932205,
-0.4218425452709198,
0.09791389852762222,
-0.14185503125190735,
-0.24302534759044647,
-0.04298077151179314,
-0.152230367064476,
-0.768569827079773,
-1.079221487045288,
-0.2820547819137573,
-0.07720226049423218,
-0.07500842958688736,
-0.01502692885696888,
-0.2141488939523697,
0.2199459969997406,
-0.5278937816619873,
-0.2241094708442688,
0.10427020490169525,
-1.2391159534454346,
0.17941436171531677,
-0.5983613133430481,
-0.17236757278442383,
0.07101189345121384,
-0.804131269454956,
-0.27303624153137207,
0.3444024622440338,
0.43082019686698914,
0.29812848567962646,
-0.3976319432258606,
-0.15897080302238464,
-0.3221915066242218,
1.1212162971496582,
0.05696072801947594,
-0.3853548467159271,
0.043394893407821655,
0.12551727890968323,
-0.4495451748371124,
-0.667403519153595,
0.500938355922699,
0.4062458574771881,
0.0883885845541954,
-0.049143772572278976,
0.3429378271102905,
0.736762523651123,
-0.7343456149101257,
0.7073554992675781,
0.20372216403484344,
-0.3270756006240845,
-0.026708941906690598,
0.6515113711357117,
-0.5806198716163635,
-0.24162308871746063,
0.6224381327629089,
0.30652347207069397,
-0.09439507871866226,
0.7512173056602478,
-0.1818697452545166,
0.2362419217824936,
0.07515253126621246,
0.541934609413147,
-0.3767622709274292,
-0.6509276628494263,
-0.4083751142024994,
0.2452690601348877,
-0.8160784244537354,
-0.29145246744155884,
0.42858922481536865,
-0.35045942664146423,
-0.3604449927806854,
0.2530035674571991,
0.13252414762973785,
0.4799353778362274,
0.02183990366756916,
0.347400039434433,
0.16625748574733734,
-0.35734695196151733,
0.42545101046562195,
0.13125675916671753,
-0.07002178579568863,
-0.17038574814796448,
-0.19238796830177307,
-0.5029953718185425,
-0.4672492444515228,
-0.6460561752319336,
-0.411562979221344,
0.4757140576839447,
0.40229424834251404,
-0.707615315914154,
-0.2073919028043747,
0.6070337891578674,
-0.37219998240470886,
-0.7414220571517944,
0.40480950474739075,
-0.281043142080307,
0.013015706092119217,
-0.4754346013069153,
0.23872724175453186,
-0.7956637144088745,
-0.5881730318069458,
0.7102576494216919,
0.08015334606170654,
0.5934816002845764,
0.4067831039428711,
0.39738208055496216,
0.10906814783811569,
0.6610332131385803,
-0.1492994874715805,
0.37294360995292664,
-0.30671706795692444,
0.3777627646923065,
-0.47891566157341003,
-0.005692545790225267,
0.020949022844433784,
-0.2115764170885086,
0.28699949383735657,
-0.5515804290771484,
0.1360364854335785,
0.1450214684009552,
-0.2995200455188751,
-0.6578212976455688,
0.11672511696815491,
-0.1937977820634842,
0.009902611374855042,
-0.41387662291526794,
0.14970022439956665,
0.2930662930011749,
-0.16825096309185028,
0.9849286675453186,
0.5557906627655029,
0.33131206035614014,
0.17298763990402222,
-0.10080306231975555,
0.31990179419517517,
-0.16149172186851501,
0.2609133720397949,
0.8079447746276855,
-0.057092174887657166,
-0.09463377296924591,
-0.4696047604084015,
0.37894919514656067,
-0.6256634593009949,
0.1239028349518776,
-0.21471010148525238,
0.6293025016784668,
-0.09186647087335587,
-0.1815236359834671,
0.4027120769023895,
-0.18907064199447632,
-0.3065846562385559,
-0.04640497267246246,
-0.03900869935750961,
-0.6335765719413757,
0.5556631088256836,
0.5113555192947388,
-0.32520005106925964,
-0.655362606048584,
-0.030696121975779533,
0.17575033009052277,
-1.3250688314437866,
0.13844247162342072,
0.536710262298584,
-0.5634325742721558,
-0.4797118008136749,
0.6244099736213684,
-0.6473279595375061,
-0.420778751373291,
-0.3149462044239044,
1.301026701927185,
0.4711306095123291,
0.20994451642036438,
-0.09957063943147659,
-0.33540889620780945,
0.08959519863128662,
-0.0681484267115593,
0.6683260202407837,
0.5058269500732422,
-1.5840883255004883,
-0.7615089416503906,
-1.0562814474105835,
0.4721052050590515,
-0.09730745106935501,
-0.12725186347961426,
-0.004229349084198475,
-0.05876990780234337,
0.011447755619883537,
0.0679226815700531,
0.39900529384613037,
-0.4329071044921875,
1.009884238243103,
-0.302284836769104
]
|
123487 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena%20Valley%20Northeast%2C%20Montana | Helena Valley Northeast, Montana | Helena Valley Northeast is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, United States. The population was 2,995 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Geography
Helena Valley Northeast is located in southern Lewis and Clark County at (46.671590, -111.941337). It is bordered to the southwest by the city of Helena, the state capital. It is bordered to the south by the Helena Valley Southeast CDP, to the west by the Helena Valley West Central CDP, and to the northwest by the Helena Valley Northwest CDP, all unincorporated. Interstate 15 forms the western edge of the Helena Valley Northeast CDP, with access from Exit 200 (East Lincoln Road), which is approximately north of downtown Helena.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which are land and , or 9.06%, are water. Lake Helena, an arm of Hauser Lake, is in the center of the CDP. Hauser Lake is an impoundment on the Missouri River, and Lake Helena connects to it via Prickly Pear Creek, all at the same elevation as Hauser Lake.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,122 people, 776 households, and 619 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 45.4 people per square mile (17.5/km2). There were 830 housing units at an average density of 17.7/sq mi (6.9/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.74% White, 0.09% African American, 1.23% Native American, 0.05% Asian, 0.19% from other races, and 0.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.90% of the population.
There were 776 households, out of which 37.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.8% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.2% were non-families. 16.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.00.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 28.9% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $50,804, and the median income for a family was $54,728. Males had a median income of $32,140 versus $26,563 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,283. About 1.4% of families and 3.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.6% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area | [
0.06331849843263626,
0.4789577126502991,
0.3171248435974121,
-0.14020586013793945,
0.37381401658058167,
0.13201379776000977,
0.763768196105957,
0.6171407103538513,
0.15605784952640533,
-0.3346841037273407,
-0.2464587539434433,
-0.23261894285678864,
-0.3566143810749054,
0.6194548010826111,
-0.711900532245636,
0.6386913061141968,
0.22345401346683502,
0.6280894875526428,
0.7627519965171814,
0.060533713549375534,
0.10151518881320953,
-1.054457187652588,
0.06679912656545639,
0.597012996673584,
-0.3416674733161926,
0.5232803225517273,
0.622957706451416,
0.06909476220607758,
-0.33308786153793335,
0.1566712111234665,
-0.27734509110450745,
0.5485302209854126,
-0.44304871559143066,
-0.1921202689409256,
0.06702389568090439,
0.2585841715335846,
0.2897971570491791,
0.16601595282554626,
0.014939655549824238,
0.08554738014936447,
-0.20388484001159668,
-0.5997769236564636,
-0.08382856100797653,
-0.09738229215145111,
0.2687544524669647,
-0.29382240772247314,
-1.3507084846496582,
0.39256787300109863,
-0.9311938881874084,
-0.5564984679222107,
-1.0351628065109253,
-0.05285387486219406,
0.10968999564647675,
0.21968893706798553,
0.5344943404197693,
0.3081076145172119,
-0.17889302968978882,
-0.12176327407360077,
0.3908288776874542,
0.03520668298006058,
-0.6256552338600159,
0.44398707151412964,
0.20286372303962708,
0.0835564061999321,
0.11185712367296219,
0.00927709974348545,
-0.16588231921195984,
0.4674590826034546,
-0.10296028107404709,
-1.0070708990097046,
-0.12585671246051788,
0.31038835644721985,
-0.04284670576453209,
0.7367101311683655,
0.27726298570632935,
0.8498894572257996,
-0.5512471199035645,
-0.16816389560699463,
0.005185638088732958,
0.1415330469608307,
0.36058518290519714,
0.14495497941970825,
0.39035654067993164,
0.18452736735343933,
0.036447376012802124,
0.029871001839637756,
-0.5810726284980774,
-0.21432575583457947,
-0.07367071509361267,
0.7648189663887024,
-0.9584439396858215,
-0.026685398072004318,
0.11094500124454498,
-0.11451122909784317,
0.014880451373755932,
-0.2801722288131714,
-0.407879501581192,
0.41152507066726685,
-0.18190976977348328,
0.32780903577804565,
-0.3466445505619049,
0.00015712290769442916,
1.194149136543274,
-0.1644751876592636,
-0.9840747117996216,
-0.8094692230224609,
-0.6075775027275085,
0.2109088897705078,
-0.07386507838964462,
-0.008529490791261196,
-0.8685277104377747,
0.6545611023902893,
0.10519631952047348,
0.24103401601314545,
-0.06006118655204773,
0.6027584671974182,
-0.11290296167135239,
-0.6574376821517944,
-0.6363543272018433,
-0.686000645160675,
0.5270105600357056,
0.7348271608352661,
-0.2856118083000183,
0.10858847200870514,
-0.028734115883708,
0.4123472273349762,
0.5532935857772827,
-0.21148142218589783,
0.19461435079574585,
0.14087991416454315,
-0.4222327172756195,
0.5618188381195068,
0.03782526031136513,
0.23832696676254272,
-0.11000709235668182,
-0.9358348846435547,
-0.07993913441896439,
0.00242403126321733,
0.48555320501327515,
-0.00718053849413991,
-0.38029539585113525,
0.28390058875083923,
-0.19048716127872467,
-0.2763379216194153,
0.4052594006061554,
0.02238604985177517,
0.01746353879570961,
-0.5405338406562805,
-0.20892639458179474,
-0.2051021009683609,
0.24927368760108948,
-0.02589569427073002,
0.4570859670639038,
0.11289748549461365,
0.10564418882131577,
0.3355594575405121,
0.8373121619224548,
0.33987319469451904,
0.7353754639625549,
0.47814953327178955,
0.41568613052368164,
1.1171492338180542,
0.96304851770401,
0.28040748834609985,
0.6458225250244141,
-0.37560391426086426,
0.5863419771194458,
-0.4813438355922699,
0.21277934312820435,
0.4246656596660614,
-0.4211140275001526,
0.027685871347784996,
0.5320734977722168,
0.074056476354599,
0.08953862637281418,
-1.0663663148880005,
0.35061728954315186,
0.6399562954902649,
-0.07863210141658783,
-0.43257686495780945,
-0.8093975186347961,
0.3762650191783905,
-0.0279390811920166,
-0.04165465012192726,
-0.3462591767311096,
0.19572900235652924,
0.447378545999527,
0.020553426817059517,
-0.35914498567581177,
-0.788580060005188,
-0.5504700541496277,
-0.8544110059738159,
0.8945814371109009,
-0.38967445492744446,
0.5194976329803467,
0.17821772396564484,
-0.06635380536317825,
0.3203194737434387,
-0.6859219074249268,
0.4638424813747406,
-0.058254536241292953,
-0.5739071369171143,
0.5975768566131592,
-0.384459525346756,
-0.047426797449588776,
0.09625440090894699,
0.3011060655117035,
0.21409010887145996,
0.26965925097465515,
0.8397194147109985,
0.23048268258571625,
-0.4601059556007385,
-0.14373819530010223,
1.346077799797058,
-0.2837890088558197,
0.12365763634443283,
0.17088870704174042,
-0.11217489838600159,
0.5246894359588623,
-0.2743433117866516,
0.5419367551803589,
0.30424973368644714,
0.10828855633735657,
-0.23404604196548462,
-0.09807560592889786,
0.7298445701599121,
1.0228619575500488,
0.373528391122818,
-0.17705580592155457,
0.2720419764518738,
0.2777712345123291,
0.2594889998435974,
0.286318838596344,
-0.05042906850576401,
-0.12012345343828201,
-0.27209407091140747,
-0.16783298552036285,
-0.7423691153526306,
0.42140430212020874,
-0.6170130372047424,
-0.06570043414831161,
-0.530615508556366,
-0.4837685823440552,
-0.17813844978809357,
0.3141185939311981,
0.6934296488761902,
0.011488696560263634,
0.12478583306074142,
-0.23776215314865112,
-0.2760418951511383,
0.20951004326343536,
0.39945176243782043,
0.1673993170261383,
-0.13774177432060242,
0.37744900584220886,
0.5376494526863098,
-0.27553948760032654,
-0.4523581266403198,
0.6324439644813538,
-0.001025719684548676,
0.12803246080875397,
0.4260893166065216,
0.11028442531824112,
0.06292206048965454,
0.6334426999092102,
-0.5205489993095398,
-0.293809711933136,
-0.5595783591270447,
-0.42107999324798584,
0.6589637398719788,
0.1520123928785324,
-0.23698583245277405,
-0.4276917278766632,
0.3611184060573578,
0.2630464732646942,
-0.17079538106918335,
-0.5416994690895081,
-0.45045360922813416,
-0.8688535690307617,
-0.3324173390865326,
0.6486322283744812,
0.5600442290306091,
-0.2590334713459015,
0.04833463206887245,
-0.409374475479126,
-0.7293515801429749,
0.5282338857650757,
-0.20410342514514923,
-0.416383296251297,
-0.1917565017938614,
-0.14347045123577118,
-0.3255058825016022,
-0.06646431237459183,
0.12239906191825867,
-0.5119931697845459,
0.1992194503545761,
0.2379378080368042,
-0.10691763460636139,
0.8641084432601929,
-0.2883957326412201,
-0.1707276701927185,
0.29358944296836853,
-0.42739176750183105,
0.20260241627693176,
-0.534195601940155,
-0.2387767881155014,
0.22593149542808533,
-0.5181905627250671,
-4.883576393127441,
0.93447345495224,
-0.07147195935249329,
-0.7053118348121643,
0.015957489609718323,
-0.346820205450058,
0.21610680222511292,
-0.13755781948566437,
-0.12039177119731903,
0.12013863772153854,
-0.021892046555876732,
-0.5651214122772217,
-0.3192679286003113,
0.4525952935218811,
0.8347089886665344,
0.20781423151493073,
0.9064874053001404,
0.1345159113407135,
0.9369557499885559,
0.3891797363758087,
0.013166856952011585,
0.1876157522201538,
0.18254141509532928,
-0.1587236374616623,
0.9077478647232056,
0.39462509751319885,
-0.05082085356116295,
-0.4861264228820801,
-0.994483232498169,
-0.27665427327156067,
0.3225446045398712,
0.06091304123401642,
-1.1403218507766724,
0.07728701084852219,
-0.16288496553897858,
-0.08242708444595337,
0.650816023349762,
-0.22418025135993958,
0.7731137275695801,
-0.5801136493682861,
0.5657075047492981,
0.6218791007995605,
-0.39118173718452454,
-0.06840875744819641,
0.41220277547836304,
0.11690321564674377,
-0.18356870114803314,
-0.2346263974905014,
-0.2774488031864166,
0.7026376724243164,
0.29235053062438965,
0.32392123341560364,
0.8103249669075012,
0.04160986840724945,
0.14710088074207306,
-0.35034358501434326,
-0.10844337195158005,
0.1865491271018982,
-0.8155572414398193,
0.4782881438732147,
0.3705486059188843,
-0.38916218280792236,
-0.11555616557598114,
-0.4269406795501709,
-0.05096665024757385,
-0.4501223564147949,
-0.2918134927749634,
-0.10977628082036972,
0.4923425316810608,
0.031196732074022293,
0.09717461466789246,
0.24549929797649384,
-0.7012964487075806,
-0.7099388241767883,
0.34696677327156067,
-0.920582115650177,
-0.2798307538032532,
0.13555313646793365,
-0.9484462141990662,
-0.312298446893692,
-0.45743706822395325,
-0.02024269849061966,
0.691538393497467,
0.7857403755187988,
0.9691089391708374,
-0.37902402877807617,
-0.2983945906162262,
-0.2686309516429901,
0.2844582200050354,
-0.747160792350769,
0.8286455273628235,
-0.25509417057037354,
0.4422096610069275,
-0.1418529450893402,
-0.26492640376091003,
0.1236194595694542,
1.000819444656372,
0.18085266649723053,
-0.04821934178471565,
-0.6351339221000671,
0.4936898648738861,
-0.06390166282653809,
-0.1450967639684677,
0.08513609319925308,
-0.595517098903656,
-0.6244964003562927,
0.1152384951710701,
0.38336074352264404,
0.4667470157146454,
-0.7564945816993713,
-0.45407596230506897,
0.004851173609495163,
-0.26967480778694153,
-0.222687229514122,
0.23918212950229645,
0.19137340784072876,
-0.505067765712738,
0.3681390583515167,
0.6617105603218079,
0.22940991818904877,
0.28501665592193604,
-0.5274589657783508,
-0.6517112851142883,
-0.03369177132844925,
-0.2360173463821411,
-0.15597207844257355,
0.05997973680496216,
-0.12871408462524414,
-0.0801098570227623,
0.33537372946739197,
-0.02771596424281597,
-0.29085537791252136,
0.04785679653286934,
-0.15578387677669525,
-0.21614664793014526,
0.17096936702728271,
-0.5054669380187988,
-0.3175927698612213,
0.020112374797463417,
0.5006437301635742,
0.16265355050563812,
0.495856910943985,
-0.6532931923866272,
0.9158868789672852,
0.0546097457408905,
0.4151953458786011,
0.0009217198239639401,
-0.14092499017715454,
-1.207362413406372,
0.5994207859039307,
-0.5637280344963074,
-0.30906370282173157,
0.04482859745621681,
-0.626068115234375,
0.5115637183189392,
0.13231219351291656,
-0.09235475957393646,
0.6955298185348511,
-0.20369291305541992,
-0.015309046022593975,
0.20988593995571136,
-0.2918870449066162,
-0.3553790748119354,
0.7640548348426819,
-0.11342505365610123,
-0.3616892993450165,
-0.2912958264350891,
-0.06953249871730804,
-0.35510435700416565,
0.329413503408432,
0.7179422974586487,
-0.36451026797294617,
-0.3110766112804413,
-0.2705557644367218,
0.3707616329193115,
-0.40939196944236755,
-0.15425994992256165,
0.5467998385429382,
-0.08589275926351547,
0.009047647006809711,
-0.24189437925815582,
-0.8053615093231201,
-0.4709276556968689,
-0.21320489048957825,
0.3251115679740906,
-0.22091735899448395,
-0.5755031108856201,
-0.6204928159713745,
0.03247133269906044,
-0.13920743763446808,
0.08124379068613052,
-0.3316662907600403,
0.42549851536750793,
0.04206162318587303,
0.008699295111000538,
-0.49535512924194336,
0.24326469004154205,
0.263528048992157,
0.002961746882647276,
-0.6451243758201599,
0.0011240255553275347,
0.30181536078453064,
-0.3431291878223419,
0.5645841956138611,
-0.06583628803491592,
-0.3870609402656555,
0.4153328537940979,
0.5584645867347717,
-0.8989444971084595,
0.264943391084671,
-0.5315033793449402,
-0.8357759714126587,
0.696513831615448,
0.7734133005142212,
-0.10009211301803589,
0.2731177508831024,
0.062389835715293884,
0.03452559560537338,
-0.3424127697944641,
-0.021717198193073273,
-0.45594537258148193,
-0.10481324046850204,
-0.2157556414604187,
-0.6762844920158386,
-0.36189955472946167,
0.17960616946220398,
0.24562591314315796,
-0.42978304624557495,
0.8384971618652344,
-0.9426279664039612,
0.28441891074180603,
0.11158788204193115,
-0.10986592620611191,
0.09427770972251892,
0.4411044716835022,
0.2708906829357147,
-0.27827590703964233,
0.28418007493019104,
0.6469905376434326,
0.17787696421146393,
0.017299242317676544,
1.0705034732818604,
0.0005924034048803151,
-1.1435091495513916,
-0.3169993758201599,
0.48116570711135864,
0.30399399995803833,
-0.2217460572719574,
-1.3339735269546509,
0.5918630957603455,
1.0148018598556519,
-0.39545881748199463,
-0.5278292298316956,
-0.32821837067604065,
1.4022780656814575,
-0.8125038743019104,
-0.34743648767471313,
0.5434035658836365,
-0.3939811587333679,
0.5520697832107544,
0.3254220485687256,
-0.15431810915470123,
0.2086295783519745,
0.2108168751001358,
0.9423540830612183,
-0.03261397406458855,
0.06045448035001755,
-0.37289923429489136,
0.2672199010848999,
-0.9336838722229004,
-0.26763591170310974,
-0.06722237914800644,
0.13771812617778778,
-0.0774049386382103,
-0.5334669947624207,
-0.4685358703136444,
0.48210787773132324,
-0.6923322677612305,
-0.5489899516105652,
-0.2639814615249634,
-0.37667396664619446,
-0.10250335186719894,
0.48290595412254333,
-0.16634145379066467,
0.14545688033103943,
-1.0229915380477905,
-0.5194830894470215,
0.2735609710216522,
-1.3188893795013428,
0.4864002466201782,
-0.6383558511734009,
0.006552976556122303,
-0.4557185173034668,
-1.0927510261535645,
0.14608490467071533,
0.44102737307548523,
0.47328463196754456,
0.10409696400165558,
-0.5830011963844299,
0.0011615079129114747,
-0.535282552242279,
1.0885255336761475,
-0.0983758345246315,
-0.5678071975708008,
0.39031195640563965,
0.06179613247513771,
-0.3230488896369934,
-1.0393344163894653,
0.4001871645450592,
0.2088131457567215,
0.0741548165678978,
0.2580154836177826,
0.565025806427002,
0.4865650534629822,
-0.35579177737236023,
0.47765448689460754,
0.19620953500270844,
-0.2902465760707855,
-0.5021607875823975,
0.6656955480575562,
-0.40398016571998596,
0.4502057433128357,
0.8235995769500732,
0.3052757978439331,
-0.3219813108444214,
0.974422037601471,
-0.02552095428109169,
0.4434987008571625,
0.3693951368331909,
0.18094724416732788,
-0.45724907517433167,
-1.1293294429779053,
-0.23757511377334595,
0.1782626509666443,
-0.5197269916534424,
-0.26068925857543945,
0.042409785091876984,
-0.5543045997619629,
-0.5335264205932617,
0.011768253520131111,
-0.2306201308965683,
0.19831852614879608,
0.23040036857128143,
0.25496286153793335,
0.2532063126564026,
-0.2401697188615799,
-0.0030190241523087025,
0.04001002758741379,
0.18015187978744507,
-0.21385666728019714,
-0.17113065719604492,
-0.6864866614341736,
-0.6309682130813599,
-0.639015257358551,
-0.35247522592544556,
0.19219864904880524,
0.3430514931678772,
-0.790526270866394,
-0.236949622631073,
0.5882413387298584,
-0.3553088903427124,
-0.9932144284248352,
0.4007444679737091,
0.014039513655006886,
-0.10648353397846222,
-0.7574557065963745,
0.5542123317718506,
-0.6236792206764221,
-0.23062844574451447,
0.7886189222335815,
0.2673005163669586,
0.4514510929584503,
0.027578119188547134,
0.5604829788208008,
0.14400015771389008,
0.30249500274658203,
0.3865206837654114,
0.34725499153137207,
-0.41834715008735657,
0.14510826766490936,
-0.44908955693244934,
0.33209896087646484,
0.05265175178647041,
-0.32102569937705994,
0.03481357917189598,
-0.5275394320487976,
-0.2148420661687851,
-0.17653317749500275,
0.28505071997642517,
-0.5408257246017456,
0.29033684730529785,
-0.2824469208717346,
0.1341676265001297,
-0.6503900289535522,
-0.21400749683380127,
0.22733865678310394,
-0.025375811383128166,
0.9213806390762329,
0.9072183966636658,
0.1945699006319046,
0.24302402138710022,
-0.20784708857536316,
0.5236282348632812,
-0.026026612147688866,
0.14902693033218384,
0.5492650270462036,
-0.45666542649269104,
0.689035952091217,
-0.5797984600067139,
0.42535698413848877,
-0.34871527552604675,
0.5737650394439697,
-0.14340652525424957,
1.0690351724624634,
-0.20292013883590698,
-0.1443188190460205,
0.3742956519126892,
-0.08964967727661133,
-0.03645322471857071,
-0.4425153434276581,
-0.158589169383049,
-0.7034637331962585,
0.5600924491882324,
0.5935414433479309,
-0.3337642252445221,
-0.5496620535850525,
-0.29428598284721375,
0.0404014065861702,
-1.3466278314590454,
0.4228232800960541,
0.4711974859237671,
-0.8486517667770386,
-0.3329085111618042,
-0.07782123237848282,
-0.7555109858512878,
-0.7749706506729126,
-0.3788031041622162,
1.2617396116256714,
0.5365415811538696,
-0.36593422293663025,
-0.2746236324310303,
-0.3141947388648987,
0.06927300244569778,
0.05065133795142174,
0.7962910532951355,
0.41903457045555115,
-1.1940903663635254,
-1.0304104089736938,
-0.8780388236045837,
0.710131049156189,
0.008899017237126827,
0.15408332645893097,
0.02175619639456272,
-0.1653255820274353,
-0.12730903923511505,
0.026911482214927673,
0.509661078453064,
-0.49748292565345764,
0.8059856295585632,
-0.012292447499930859
]
|
123488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena%20Valley%20Northwest%2C%20Montana | Helena Valley Northwest, Montana | Helena Valley Northwest is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, United States. The population was 3,482 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Geography
Helena Valley Northwest is located at (46.721256, -112.044004).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,082 people, 741 households, and 603 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 127.3 people per square mile (49.1/km2). There were 769 housing units at an average density of 47.0/sq mi (18.1/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.06% White, 0.10% African American, 1.78% Native American, 0.72% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.43% from other races, and 0.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.44% of the population.
There were 741 households, out of which 41.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.8% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.5% were non-families. 14.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 2.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 29.4% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 32.3% from 25 to 44, 26.9% from 45 to 64, and 4.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.9 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $45,385, and the median income for a family was $50,714. Males had a median income of $33,906 versus $24,773 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,910. About 5.6% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.6% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area | [
0.1983773112297058,
0.5699529051780701,
0.0815371572971344,
-0.23168224096298218,
0.3906599283218384,
0.2785128355026245,
0.814789354801178,
0.6352103352546692,
0.29694584012031555,
-0.355840802192688,
-0.09140666574239731,
-0.3807496726512909,
-0.25353753566741943,
0.62606281042099,
-0.6604793071746826,
0.5905401110649109,
0.11507098376750946,
0.5874696969985962,
1.0367826223373413,
0.09516017884016037,
0.038937222212553024,
-1.0269386768341064,
-0.08066286146640778,
0.4121932089328766,
-0.20585976541042328,
0.4017861485481262,
0.7649177312850952,
0.11022141575813293,
-0.3815498650074005,
0.00704864552244544,
-0.16841988265514374,
0.4836837947368622,
-0.5670788884162903,
-0.29977184534072876,
0.05258313938975334,
0.3030027449131012,
0.32430464029312134,
0.03670201823115349,
0.0508444681763649,
-0.16406351327896118,
-0.32792985439300537,
-0.7213302254676819,
0.09268826246261597,
-0.15544790029525757,
0.14192260801792145,
-0.41568562388420105,
-1.186399221420288,
0.486966997385025,
-0.9181104898452759,
-0.6319394111633301,
-1.022386074066162,
-0.11486446857452393,
0.2090839147567749,
0.023878023028373718,
0.6817736625671387,
0.14341431856155396,
-0.07612010836601257,
0.061454109847545624,
0.3044727146625519,
0.16868890821933746,
-0.33243614435195923,
0.6423943042755127,
0.30998560786247253,
-0.03819236159324646,
0.25962477922439575,
0.0654739961028099,
-0.19379758834838867,
0.31108593940734863,
0.007801656145602465,
-0.9377025365829468,
-0.08094693720340729,
0.22884908318519592,
-0.14161980152130127,
0.7499978542327881,
0.15304043889045715,
0.6559892296791077,
-0.4462777078151703,
-0.09916246682405472,
-0.005066243000328541,
0.2156849056482315,
0.33443865180015564,
0.300496906042099,
0.6391838192939758,
-0.05233107879757881,
0.023277591913938522,
0.13235735893249512,
-0.6404298543930054,
-0.17692451179027557,
-0.19818280637264252,
0.7652937769889832,
-1.1406971216201782,
-0.03215490281581879,
0.25662949681282043,
-0.32053691148757935,
-0.0633917823433876,
-0.4958142936229706,
-0.3488430976867676,
0.5718538761138916,
-0.13035547733306885,
0.3195226490497589,
-0.6471289992332458,
-0.13266757130622864,
1.3062567710876465,
-0.24498316645622253,
-0.8411399722099304,
-0.6274563074111938,
-0.6593070030212402,
0.1367260217666626,
-0.2919779419898987,
0.008295562118291855,
-0.6872125267982483,
0.6163211464881897,
0.10678591579198837,
-0.07800626009702682,
-0.05893544480204582,
0.4506666362285614,
-0.04381175711750984,
-0.4717050790786743,
-0.36614784598350525,
-0.5771445035934448,
0.6177798509597778,
0.7497444152832031,
-0.30803969502449036,
-0.08471722900867462,
0.09215337038040161,
0.4255709648132324,
0.6889145374298096,
-0.2800065875053406,
0.232054203748703,
0.07275689393281937,
-0.5139050483703613,
0.8525996804237366,
-0.055271148681640625,
0.32705622911453247,
0.016638681292533875,
-0.9162964820861816,
-0.16597650945186615,
-0.1669604331254959,
0.537179708480835,
-0.27502939105033875,
-0.26170414686203003,
0.2938108742237091,
-0.06310433894395828,
-0.12617002427577972,
0.4537666440010071,
0.007003479637205601,
0.17068931460380554,
-0.7124510407447815,
-0.26846131682395935,
-0.3356720507144928,
0.1084967777132988,
-0.10949793457984924,
0.4668666124343872,
0.5172386169433594,
0.07304710149765015,
0.3387128710746765,
0.8574270009994507,
0.29170453548431396,
0.66133052110672,
0.6967126727104187,
0.38728901743888855,
1.198657751083374,
1.0431915521621704,
0.2479907125234604,
0.8181818127632141,
-0.2766024172306061,
0.5151001811027527,
-0.3848724663257599,
0.1399284452199936,
0.35193535685539246,
-0.3601840138435364,
0.021119894459843636,
0.3893325626850128,
-0.03376161307096481,
0.23484335839748383,
-1.011967420578003,
0.315609872341156,
0.6293033957481384,
-0.06750806421041489,
-0.3564542233943939,
-0.756818413734436,
0.4001237452030182,
-0.026726379990577698,
0.04470488056540489,
-0.46737155318260193,
0.16371428966522217,
0.39877626299858093,
0.10381382703781128,
-0.2691064178943634,
-0.5986120700836182,
-0.45393237471580505,
-0.5646457672119141,
0.6578726768493652,
-0.47202107310295105,
0.2504722774028778,
0.027172556146979332,
-0.4098285138607025,
0.5882848501205444,
-0.527931809425354,
0.45321109890937805,
-0.10001402348279953,
-0.5041306614875793,
0.5210649371147156,
-0.6423386335372925,
0.0011590163921937346,
0.14013676345348358,
0.39753836393356323,
0.179745614528656,
0.4236389696598053,
0.6960051655769348,
0.19597186148166656,
-0.16518659889698029,
-0.11771883815526962,
1.2895915508270264,
-0.28738102316856384,
0.21133850514888763,
0.24974140524864197,
0.021737858653068542,
0.5741616487503052,
-0.30569735169410706,
0.62144935131073,
0.23395761847496033,
-0.07017821073532104,
-0.12056443840265274,
-0.0529322512447834,
0.4424925446510315,
1.0074396133422852,
0.23035120964050293,
0.03313798829913139,
0.22620296478271484,
0.2223861664533615,
0.14599858224391937,
0.3819926679134369,
-0.10419577360153198,
-0.06570561975240707,
-0.2948828637599945,
-0.2596513628959656,
-0.7145574688911438,
0.6534723043441772,
-0.5941346883773804,
0.018666908144950867,
-0.42294812202453613,
-0.46052494645118713,
-0.12747855484485626,
0.3422141969203949,
0.6886258721351624,
0.25846627354621887,
0.17768189311027527,
-0.446603924036026,
-0.28163886070251465,
0.1333511918783188,
0.4145766496658325,
0.09567685425281525,
-0.21147111058235168,
0.4568899869918823,
0.4367583394050598,
-0.39663875102996826,
-0.5676194429397583,
0.626106321811676,
0.06162198632955551,
0.36397573351860046,
0.5743756890296936,
0.05368872731924057,
0.34458741545677185,
0.49789199233055115,
-0.5064086318016052,
-0.3105950653553009,
-0.47930416464805603,
-0.40436628460884094,
0.779498279094696,
0.18001149594783783,
-0.04282558336853981,
-0.49433669447898865,
0.43005838990211487,
0.6452796459197998,
-0.11193252354860306,
-0.6582930684089661,
-0.32351410388946533,
-0.7432539463043213,
-0.344321608543396,
0.7378113269805908,
0.656562089920044,
-0.17277947068214417,
-0.040926605463027954,
-0.6857439279556274,
-0.8720540404319763,
0.6096778512001038,
-0.07123681157827377,
-0.5480534434318542,
-0.07811836153268814,
-0.10370440036058426,
-0.2327117770910263,
-0.029022973030805588,
0.14501145482063293,
-0.6422363519668579,
-0.004896241705864668,
0.24776200950145721,
-0.06611555069684982,
0.8539875149726868,
-0.31430670619010925,
-0.24402573704719543,
0.284412682056427,
-0.3694262206554413,
0.17596693336963654,
-0.3930254876613617,
-0.026717809960246086,
0.13901937007904053,
-0.5506495833396912,
-4.830060958862305,
0.8376572728157043,
0.13322129845619202,
-0.7599803805351257,
-0.1299239695072174,
-0.5294502377510071,
0.23922032117843628,
-0.2969588041305542,
-0.2565399706363678,
0.14554384350776672,
0.09743202477693558,
-0.4340597689151764,
-0.07885351777076721,
0.322615385055542,
0.8319314122200012,
0.15153519809246063,
0.9689158797264099,
0.07686569541692734,
0.7278807759284973,
0.49455568194389343,
-0.3273358941078186,
0.091478630900383,
0.27550482749938965,
-0.11032792180776596,
0.922227680683136,
0.3190077543258667,
-0.07884424179792404,
-0.5452277064323425,
-0.9671969413757324,
-0.5474979877471924,
0.5923807621002197,
0.21285536885261536,
-0.8034466505050659,
0.00020287027291487902,
-0.1252419799566269,
0.16247713565826416,
0.6419901847839355,
-0.26974815130233765,
1.0140413045883179,
-0.5432262420654297,
0.5466243624687195,
0.5306375622749329,
-0.4719797372817993,
-0.2502407133579254,
0.3199259340763092,
0.0552106536924839,
-0.22627753019332886,
-0.0037985092494636774,
-0.32968321442604065,
0.8652279376983643,
0.4523083567619324,
0.36207306385040283,
0.6942721605300903,
0.01938788965344429,
0.23878337442874908,
-0.15638144314289093,
-0.19230833649635315,
0.17054814100265503,
-0.8792524337768555,
0.47113001346588135,
0.4576725363731384,
-0.18050633370876312,
-0.10142911225557327,
-0.21769927442073822,
0.0435277558863163,
-0.571491003036499,
-0.1695431023836136,
-0.017657186836004257,
0.49890580773353577,
0.0656432956457138,
0.2358781099319458,
0.007656047120690346,
-0.4666394293308258,
-0.7404537200927734,
0.5418505668640137,
-0.9798418283462524,
-0.2787227928638458,
-0.07515736669301987,
-0.7468925714492798,
-0.29303595423698425,
-0.28426623344421387,
0.010253516025841236,
0.7238050103187561,
0.7805655002593994,
0.8373777866363525,
-0.394649863243103,
-0.05145051330327988,
-0.27072787284851074,
0.250162273645401,
-0.8709129691123962,
0.8578395247459412,
0.002857365645468235,
0.4089488685131073,
-0.14870628714561462,
-0.49937888979911804,
-0.08056638389825821,
1.0552153587341309,
0.29118138551712036,
0.015924332663416862,
-0.654485821723938,
0.6348267197608948,
-0.12898008525371552,
-0.21511344611644745,
-0.19859154522418976,
-0.587337076663971,
-0.5450092554092407,
-0.08140445500612259,
0.21886534988880157,
0.6438148021697998,
-0.8048701286315918,
-0.36894258856773376,
0.0002409078151686117,
-0.3463030457496643,
-0.128464937210083,
0.3053807318210602,
0.41513463854789734,
-0.6098286509513855,
0.3739885091781616,
0.576198399066925,
0.3623550236225128,
0.41024574637413025,
-0.5548058152198792,
-0.5604605674743652,
0.13576672971248627,
0.09571195393800735,
-0.013799772597849369,
0.11694981157779694,
-0.23190519213676453,
-0.2368924915790558,
0.2591336965560913,
0.011527408845722675,
-0.3761081397533417,
-0.24212081730365753,
-0.22716452181339264,
-0.3826768398284912,
0.3527974784374237,
-0.7944760918617249,
-0.30759385228157043,
0.3766510784626007,
0.524250864982605,
0.043526142835617065,
0.40911853313446045,
-0.5117618441581726,
0.9567200541496277,
0.08881575614213943,
0.4526071846485138,
0.03821011260151863,
-0.12549202144145966,
-1.2443474531173706,
0.7098098397254944,
-0.6521358489990234,
-0.2063295841217041,
0.01878356747329235,
-0.6438921093940735,
0.37461361289024353,
0.037248820066452026,
-0.038560714572668076,
0.6329830288887024,
-0.1615932285785675,
-0.06333301216363907,
0.08686773478984833,
-0.46442511677742004,
-0.2371828258037567,
0.8133100867271423,
-0.07625430822372437,
-0.2861543297767639,
-0.3740471601486206,
0.009708727709949017,
-0.4244358241558075,
0.06355366110801697,
0.5906116962432861,
-0.27467769384384155,
-0.4521190822124481,
-0.18066199123859406,
0.2962118685245514,
-0.3911222219467163,
-0.44541192054748535,
0.47343137860298157,
-0.016782741993665695,
-0.1159071996808052,
-0.4071134030818939,
-0.6296731233596802,
-0.36965224146842957,
-0.3375844359397888,
0.24461114406585693,
-0.5054543614387512,
-0.6318552494049072,
-0.7204245924949646,
0.05816829577088356,
-0.006503106560558081,
0.058480072766542435,
-0.18055982887744904,
0.552959144115448,
0.2246546596288681,
-0.17867085337638855,
-0.5782867670059204,
0.10762199759483337,
0.2901844084262848,
-0.22580751776695251,
-0.8659405708312988,
0.02271888591349125,
0.13708192110061646,
-0.3166320025920868,
0.40759503841400146,
-0.049984369426965714,
-0.4123273193836212,
0.33099865913391113,
0.6926173567771912,
-0.7538009285926819,
0.2672821283340454,
-0.39792394638061523,
-0.9560126662254333,
0.5391886830329895,
0.8447679281234741,
-0.11303113400936127,
0.3395317792892456,
0.027277428656816483,
-0.13066796958446503,
-0.3742358982563019,
0.07110629975795746,
-0.3369210660457611,
-0.26763635873794556,
0.005955013912171125,
-0.5727827548980713,
-0.33940255641937256,
0.3652239441871643,
0.1469244807958603,
-0.5496254563331604,
0.8945247530937195,
-0.8788392543792725,
0.15651832520961761,
0.15353786945343018,
0.039534859359264374,
-0.01899527944624424,
0.4014478921890259,
0.35648679733276367,
-0.48031753301620483,
0.13645075261592865,
0.3515363335609436,
0.11222102493047714,
-0.14092983305454254,
1.198594093322754,
-0.07173613458871841,
-1.0778990983963013,
-0.1994287073612213,
0.3010711967945099,
0.28560298681259155,
-0.06311410665512085,
-1.2710028886795044,
0.5729077458381653,
0.9618330001831055,
-0.4493236243724823,
-0.26506346464157104,
-0.3231082856655121,
1.1615726947784424,
-0.6876106858253479,
-0.290640652179718,
0.537448525428772,
-0.4704279899597168,
0.5352326035499573,
0.4718329906463623,
-0.0236402228474617,
0.2662807106971741,
0.35574567317962646,
0.7523916959762573,
-0.13224083185195923,
0.11720426380634308,
-0.4317437410354614,
0.12960046529769897,
-1.0560652017593384,
-0.1867455095052719,
-0.34192633628845215,
0.25541308522224426,
-0.02353477291762829,
-0.5569109916687012,
-0.348724901676178,
0.2689186930656433,
-0.5841294527053833,
-0.4505833685398102,
-0.2769492268562317,
-0.3683883547782898,
0.04349930211901665,
0.4315829277038574,
-0.2671588659286499,
-0.040248800069093704,
-1.0919269323349,
-0.4777454435825348,
0.2035103440284729,
-1.3816485404968262,
0.284553587436676,
-0.5502238869667053,
0.00011324342631269246,
-0.41730204224586487,
-0.8998124599456787,
0.05752360075712204,
0.4549037516117096,
0.33596307039260864,
0.10786011070013046,
-0.5929909944534302,
0.06784722208976746,
-0.43368640542030334,
0.8640852570533752,
-0.09841401129961014,
-0.32122644782066345,
0.33846384286880493,
-0.02714572474360466,
-0.238368421792984,
-0.9306267499923706,
0.32395055890083313,
0.10849606245756149,
0.10710114985704422,
0.19874398410320282,
0.5328125953674316,
0.4697202444076538,
-0.5610812306404114,
0.5780185461044312,
0.3858809173107147,
-0.21029157936573029,
-0.5297852754592896,
0.7409123182296753,
-0.5267351865768433,
0.17886056005954742,
0.7997379302978516,
0.36377015709877014,
-0.40766432881355286,
0.9849028587341309,
0.049851465970277786,
0.5236728191375732,
0.32358476519584656,
0.16515758633613586,
-0.410620778799057,
-0.941681444644928,
-0.34440478682518005,
0.11383584886789322,
-0.7410259246826172,
-0.22115342319011688,
0.06751370429992676,
-0.5552000999450684,
-0.7486041188240051,
-0.018289722502231598,
-0.3095313310623169,
0.27143594622612,
0.13150069117546082,
0.28148552775382996,
0.4387817680835724,
-0.201152503490448,
0.10803531110286713,
0.06360980123281479,
0.0033541370648890734,
-0.13226771354675293,
-0.23373569548130035,
-0.5950953960418701,
-0.41112014651298523,
-0.4456777572631836,
-0.41639792919158936,
0.19038182497024536,
0.22570474445819855,
-0.709286630153656,
-0.268311083316803,
0.48660051822662354,
-0.3935694992542267,
-1.1025464534759521,
0.5166834592819214,
-0.06715431809425354,
0.028595170006155968,
-0.9195618033409119,
0.34362292289733887,
-0.4953586757183075,
-0.4120638370513916,
0.6945362091064453,
0.583464503288269,
0.47118791937828064,
-0.038554735481739044,
0.5326096415519714,
0.25864455103874207,
0.26557421684265137,
0.48805296421051025,
0.3564436733722687,
-0.5042064785957336,
0.07165948301553726,
-0.53277587890625,
0.4066987633705139,
0.07949008047580719,
-0.5015859007835388,
-0.013209553435444832,
-0.6179388165473938,
-0.39136025309562683,
0.06721288710832596,
0.1315518170595169,
-0.6216415762901306,
0.35456591844558716,
-0.24509990215301514,
-0.0103081576526165,
-0.6305546164512634,
-0.1266654133796692,
0.03977468982338905,
0.17623060941696167,
0.7707035541534424,
1.0300978422164917,
-0.034526657313108444,
0.4176715314388275,
-0.03695244714617729,
0.601209819316864,
-0.20845913887023926,
0.29289573431015015,
0.5893750786781311,
-0.5666263103485107,
0.7184709906578064,
-0.7269843220710754,
0.5597925782203674,
-0.4918495714664459,
0.6322779655456543,
-0.20542007684707642,
1.1916472911834717,
-0.5424924492835999,
-0.22871637344360352,
0.6083019375801086,
-0.06005192920565605,
0.06901191920042038,
-0.4092804789543152,
-0.18175111711025238,
-0.8064832091331482,
0.33936047554016113,
0.4253155589103699,
-0.3822062909603119,
-0.547920823097229,
-0.434815913438797,
0.2556883990764618,
-1.2871392965316772,
0.4628728926181793,
0.4596220850944519,
-1.0811208486557007,
-0.3681127429008484,
0.1397310197353363,
-0.8728922605514526,
-0.8707371950149536,
-0.5497419238090515,
1.4009885787963867,
0.42345744371414185,
-0.4706295132637024,
-0.2047738879919052,
-0.24124769866466522,
0.20850908756256104,
0.05968718230724335,
0.7510110139846802,
0.48317059874534607,
-1.1401996612548828,
-0.7595673203468323,
-0.9193204641342163,
0.5961562395095825,
-0.02892846055328846,
0.09415923058986664,
0.06568382680416107,
-0.3484312891960144,
-0.1166481226682663,
0.17033611238002777,
0.5991834998130798,
-0.43731430172920227,
0.5342525839805603,
0.14762094616889954
]
|
123489 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena%20Valley%20Southeast%2C%20Montana | Helena Valley Southeast, Montana | Helena Valley Southeast is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, United States. The population was 8,227 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Geography
Helena Valley Southeast is located in southern Lewis and Clark County at (46.611392, -111.923425). It is bordered to the southwest by the city of Helena, the state capital, and to the south by the city of East Helena. To the north it is bordered by the Helena Valley Northeast CDP.
Canyon Ferry Road is the main east-west street through the community. Downtown Helena is approximately southwest of the center of the CDP.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which , or 0.37%, is water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,141 people, 2,495 households, and 1,941 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 441.4 people per square mile (170.4/km2). There were 2,590 housing units at an average density of 160.1/sq mi (61.8/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 93.60% White, 0.27% African American, 2.86% Native American, 0.38% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.49% from other races, and 2.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.93% of the population.
There were 2,495 households, out of which 47.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married couples living together, 12.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.2% were non-families. 16.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.86 and the average family size was 3.23.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 34.4% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 33.7% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 5.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.9 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $38,147, and the median income for a family was $41,993. Males had a median income of $32,343 versus $21,112 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,349. About 5.6% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.4% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area | [
0.004763295408338308,
0.4564308822154999,
0.2479272484779358,
-0.19538402557373047,
0.35808202624320984,
0.010043631307780743,
0.7799459099769592,
0.371449738740921,
0.1144767478108406,
-0.27780601382255554,
-0.41497957706451416,
-0.12108731269836426,
-0.36963558197021484,
0.511040210723877,
-0.5441420674324036,
0.5021421909332275,
0.44237595796585083,
0.5310091376304626,
0.6248952150344849,
0.06572259962558746,
0.10295462608337402,
-0.877118706703186,
0.21770428121089935,
0.5741928219795227,
-0.312282532453537,
0.4749833941459656,
0.6938930749893188,
0.2880189120769501,
-0.13095985352993011,
0.0564933679997921,
-0.17261704802513123,
0.5417664647102356,
-0.44949105381965637,
-0.3252183794975281,
0.02802102640271187,
0.18703894317150116,
0.4382587671279907,
0.1383034884929657,
0.06731301546096802,
0.012901822105050087,
-0.3038456439971924,
-0.3501158654689789,
0.031082497909665108,
-0.2495972067117691,
0.5112904906272888,
-0.5266982316970825,
-1.4675266742706299,
0.3878369629383087,
-0.7694803476333618,
-0.577113151550293,
-1.0119895935058594,
-0.022585829719901085,
0.2828759253025055,
0.10260428488254547,
0.5028679966926575,
0.42911624908447266,
-0.32239866256713867,
-0.1982576549053192,
0.35099804401397705,
0.1250474452972412,
-0.5721483826637268,
0.5591928362846375,
0.34791502356529236,
-0.027254553511738777,
0.062128372490406036,
0.09736110270023346,
-0.18033213913440704,
0.2907300293445587,
0.13826264441013336,
-0.995181143283844,
-0.10905436426401138,
0.08930553495883942,
-0.016572363674640656,
0.7780113816261292,
0.1436205506324768,
0.8339519500732422,
-0.5524771213531494,
-0.09136246889829636,
-0.11004821211099625,
0.05474896356463432,
0.16567587852478027,
0.37896689772605896,
0.3325442671775818,
0.08640282601118088,
-0.05294685438275337,
-0.14216004312038422,
-0.4434152841567993,
-0.39725205302238464,
-0.00694581214338541,
0.7699692249298096,
-1.0360411405563354,
-0.1041424572467804,
0.20998024940490723,
0.0022741169668734074,
0.004500553477555513,
-0.5484081506729126,
-0.42574235796928406,
0.508090078830719,
-0.2954726219177246,
0.4212961196899414,
-0.588590145111084,
0.10379548370838165,
1.100081205368042,
-0.08906500041484833,
-0.6532604098320007,
-0.7821894288063049,
-0.5396517515182495,
0.027138108387589455,
-0.30656105279922485,
0.11724206060171127,
-1.0351823568344116,
0.5877317190170288,
0.1100182980298996,
-0.11496582627296448,
-0.16320572793483734,
0.4878605306148529,
0.047722093760967255,
-0.6783987283706665,
-0.5876241326332092,
-0.7543162703514099,
0.49514350295066833,
0.7916503548622131,
-0.4004392623901367,
-0.013708974234759808,
-0.15942348539829254,
0.19082681834697723,
0.6809847950935364,
-0.17706169188022614,
0.19871239364147186,
0.3062231242656708,
-0.4099654257297516,
0.7281099557876587,
0.13801369071006775,
0.15244169533252716,
0.06679068505764008,
-1.0539705753326416,
-0.1580411195755005,
0.0873737782239914,
0.3016553819179535,
-0.058980364352464676,
-0.09068741649389267,
0.21594148874282837,
-0.2034458965063095,
-0.2704538404941559,
0.35843342542648315,
0.005711149424314499,
0.03399628400802612,
-0.5346832871437073,
-0.35193657875061035,
-0.2923898994922638,
0.3170466423034668,
-0.06120874360203743,
0.22332362830638885,
0.12976020574569702,
0.20512250065803528,
0.33401334285736084,
0.7158359289169312,
0.037625133991241455,
0.7126682996749878,
0.3482320010662079,
0.3858150839805603,
0.9254991412162781,
0.8993146419525146,
-0.06323423236608505,
0.576448917388916,
-0.3834646940231323,
0.6374207735061646,
-0.3678951561450958,
0.20235419273376465,
0.6333409547805786,
-0.4285886883735657,
0.1140347272157669,
0.5202711820602417,
-0.08240286260843277,
0.28820136189460754,
-1.0817229747772217,
0.4996590316295624,
0.5743750929832458,
-0.09961606562137604,
-0.22254639863967896,
-0.7079578042030334,
0.35237690806388855,
-0.4008433222770691,
0.06377563625574112,
-0.06419270485639572,
0.11966744810342789,
0.5116101503372192,
0.04025069251656532,
-0.2290986180305481,
-0.7468051314353943,
-0.7401830554008484,
-1.0873198509216309,
0.7614755630493164,
-0.23195871710777283,
0.5934761762619019,
0.20736004412174225,
-0.1764947772026062,
0.3521641194820404,
-0.354912132024765,
0.4722478687763214,
-0.1269833743572235,
-0.5097190141677856,
0.5880541205406189,
-0.37794187664985657,
-0.35134071111679077,
0.007202343549579382,
0.3835008144378662,
0.20009158551692963,
0.27905845642089844,
0.9039895534515381,
0.1276121437549591,
-0.4265962243080139,
-0.07422470301389694,
1.1532572507858276,
-0.13082090020179749,
0.16619877517223358,
0.20438697934150696,
-0.12977063655853271,
0.572395920753479,
-0.19484445452690125,
0.5123976469039917,
0.2644927501678467,
0.1241450384259224,
-0.2434682995080948,
-0.1646503210067749,
0.6569045186042786,
1.051450490951538,
0.29604077339172363,
-0.1363544464111328,
0.21675629913806915,
0.17315834760665894,
0.15739481151103973,
0.2681698203086853,
-0.20972590148448944,
-0.22125889360904694,
-0.08456160873174667,
-0.07211512327194214,
-0.8204571604728699,
0.4068116247653961,
-0.6415761709213257,
0.06156237795948982,
-0.34460172057151794,
-0.48406219482421875,
-0.09683628380298615,
0.38702407479286194,
0.7268408536911011,
-0.06672044843435287,
-0.020100360736250877,
-0.2570049464702606,
-0.15991027653217316,
0.26293450593948364,
0.4837067425251007,
0.21671074628829956,
-0.2760377526283264,
0.4205552935600281,
0.4457239806652069,
-0.1727083921432495,
-0.3514440059661865,
0.6859786510467529,
-0.09149638563394547,
0.014430561102926731,
0.3838684558868408,
0.1069280356168747,
-0.0037679625675082207,
0.5448712706565857,
-0.3849632740020752,
-0.3320908546447754,
-0.6929161548614502,
-0.40147629380226135,
0.627186119556427,
-0.016993870958685875,
-0.28398898243904114,
-0.5305322408676147,
0.40551483631134033,
0.288897305727005,
-0.13807478547096252,
-0.36966758966445923,
-0.6026012301445007,
-0.8261220455169678,
-0.47758644819259644,
0.6696739196777344,
0.5233443379402161,
-0.11332856118679047,
-0.09350007027387619,
-0.564633846282959,
-0.5464114546775818,
0.7691131830215454,
0.10071593523025513,
-0.41397836804389954,
-0.045018840581178665,
-0.34576016664505005,
-0.5380759239196777,
-0.04771995544433594,
0.4147394001483917,
-0.4734937250614166,
0.2674713134765625,
0.0871451124548912,
-0.11713408678770065,
0.9375807046890259,
-0.6008754968643188,
-0.15830160677433014,
0.16469815373420715,
-0.6418741345405579,
0.08404357731342316,
-0.3806825876235962,
-0.3312590718269348,
0.051284052431583405,
-0.44678112864494324,
-4.895308017730713,
0.8974769711494446,
-0.22883650660514832,
-0.623768150806427,
-0.11275790631771088,
-0.23873725533485413,
0.08101854473352432,
-0.20920467376708984,
-0.05785472318530083,
0.1837969720363617,
0.04148945212364197,
-0.45997142791748047,
-0.12730352580547333,
0.32837480306625366,
0.7863613963127136,
0.2802557051181793,
0.6292827129364014,
0.03270333260297775,
0.9189143776893616,
0.3656128942966461,
0.2010451853275299,
0.2811480462551117,
0.03308166563510895,
-0.15824703872203827,
0.9082620143890381,
0.3981999158859253,
0.1424195021390915,
-0.4102274477481842,
-0.9138686060905457,
-0.5239765048027039,
0.24160312116146088,
0.20560066401958466,
-1.157139539718628,
0.4205775856971741,
-0.10434304177761078,
-0.027576813474297523,
0.43821844458580017,
-0.3558785319328308,
0.8983157277107239,
-0.45481857657432556,
0.5150879621505737,
0.5843847990036011,
-0.2985033094882965,
0.03730596601963043,
0.37039661407470703,
0.22500832378864288,
-0.2514785826206207,
-0.28891927003860474,
-0.3250504434108734,
0.7341877818107605,
0.3352738916873932,
0.18994469940662384,
0.7183024883270264,
0.23005618155002594,
0.23302000761032104,
-0.3598021864891052,
0.10630666464567184,
0.10116264969110489,
-0.7452154159545898,
0.5744409561157227,
0.25140127539634705,
-0.5190138816833496,
-0.1568470597267151,
-0.3131328225135803,
-0.22144661843776703,
-0.4129219651222229,
-0.3610616624355316,
-0.14253903925418854,
0.27672502398490906,
0.08480947464704514,
0.2103944718837738,
0.17218448221683502,
-0.8519008159637451,
-0.7647237181663513,
0.35256072878837585,
-0.6816390752792358,
-0.29460668563842773,
0.004583080764859915,
-1.004870891571045,
-0.2433352917432785,
-0.36941099166870117,
-0.03637636452913284,
0.6902047395706177,
0.9109017848968506,
0.9868194460868835,
-0.5198062062263489,
-0.2826942801475525,
-0.3724258542060852,
0.06483090668916702,
-0.783021092414856,
0.6227443814277649,
-0.28352904319763184,
0.3929813504219055,
-0.2777099609375,
-0.308425635099411,
0.13510209321975708,
0.8576102256774902,
0.10095513612031937,
0.09147077053785324,
-0.718950092792511,
0.6608040928840637,
0.04267362877726555,
-0.26391923427581787,
0.10471341013908386,
-0.6012860536575317,
-0.44154706597328186,
0.10459719598293304,
0.42390793561935425,
0.44275739789009094,
-0.5977811217308044,
-0.6095225214958191,
-0.13104096055030823,
-0.42800387740135193,
-0.14254550635814667,
0.26745736598968506,
0.1305379569530487,
-0.6902390122413635,
0.34112364053726196,
0.533676028251648,
0.4777536690235138,
0.1624918431043625,
-0.39802220463752747,
-0.5523701310157776,
0.1264263391494751,
-0.27168717980384827,
-0.12711195647716522,
0.1663796752691269,
-0.23319771885871887,
-0.019863825291395187,
0.4840896427631378,
0.0953737273812294,
-0.23342680931091309,
0.03801179677248001,
-0.29352083802223206,
-0.23642945289611816,
0.0013070799177512527,
-0.41761961579322815,
-0.20434682071208954,
0.0961296409368515,
0.47962456941604614,
0.13993123173713684,
0.45818567276000977,
-0.6168991327285767,
0.9080132842063904,
-0.05684661865234375,
0.4423735439777374,
0.15339986979961395,
-0.2585946321487427,
-1.291051983833313,
0.4780508875846863,
-0.7858721017837524,
-0.3369222581386566,
0.06326249241828918,
-0.4798721373081207,
0.4870697855949402,
-0.061360906809568405,
-0.23661035299301147,
0.7837969064712524,
-0.08628431707620621,
0.015564539469778538,
0.09759225696325302,
-0.4080018401145935,
-0.2792937457561493,
0.8531932234764099,
-0.15790361166000366,
-0.30751046538352966,
-0.35244137048721313,
-0.19042454659938812,
-0.31463372707366943,
0.3279637396335602,
0.7449796795845032,
-0.47381943464279175,
-0.3977907598018646,
-0.19691942632198334,
0.46418794989585876,
-0.5488868951797485,
-0.10483706742525101,
0.3274317979812622,
-0.16201932728290558,
-0.32751765847206116,
-0.30767449736595154,
-0.8699812889099121,
-0.4686773419380188,
-0.045907702296972275,
0.2822176516056061,
-0.40312016010284424,
-0.449746310710907,
-0.7866609692573547,
0.06153082475066185,
-0.14092251658439636,
0.14017246663570404,
-0.20202834904193878,
0.3042857050895691,
0.07188814133405685,
0.038511358201503754,
-0.33391040563583374,
0.3504434823989868,
0.09249146282672882,
-0.11723960936069489,
-0.7806092500686646,
-0.0890972688794136,
0.094262033700943,
-0.20139390230178833,
0.623265266418457,
0.13622267544269562,
-0.3819490969181061,
0.4966373145580292,
0.7093477845191956,
-0.8683999180793762,
0.2920689880847931,
-0.5374205112457275,
-0.742016613483429,
0.6993725299835205,
0.7314169406890869,
-0.2185361236333847,
0.5428780913352966,
0.12594230473041534,
0.08499817550182343,
-0.4157564342021942,
-0.10273654013872147,
-0.3262217342853546,
-0.34112367033958435,
-0.24965140223503113,
-0.8055193424224854,
-0.5123336911201477,
0.2703302502632141,
0.09972276538610458,
-0.6645508408546448,
0.9626588225364685,
-0.8221470713615417,
0.06351354718208313,
-0.07664161175489426,
0.04686658829450607,
-0.11051484197378159,
0.2793143093585968,
0.33127516508102417,
-0.5889993906021118,
0.4265267550945282,
0.5038642287254333,
0.20522113144397736,
-0.0010604796698316932,
1.1260261535644531,
0.1291225701570511,
-0.8498016595840454,
-0.423946350812912,
0.544476330280304,
0.2330993264913559,
-0.046726055443286896,
-1.4205037355422974,
0.6061866879463196,
1.0631213188171387,
-0.35483336448669434,
-0.4385361969470978,
-0.1959860622882843,
1.4144097566604614,
-0.8313944339752197,
-0.23291318118572235,
0.4351654052734375,
-0.28900575637817383,
0.7621170282363892,
0.357759028673172,
-0.0885094627737999,
0.2650403380393982,
0.24095691740512848,
1.057546854019165,
0.06888241320848465,
0.3356091380119324,
-0.5673980712890625,
0.392173707485199,
-0.9758363962173462,
-0.08629415929317474,
-0.055010635405778885,
0.01469380035996437,
-0.07809063047170639,
-0.5842377543449402,
-0.24697831273078918,
0.44671764969825745,
-0.6770667433738708,
-0.5943241715431213,
-0.2794562876224518,
-0.30068978667259216,
0.11972207576036453,
0.350952684879303,
-0.2722887694835663,
0.28913307189941406,
-0.8007335066795349,
-0.5739765763282776,
0.17195169627666473,
-1.3132885694503784,
0.5304617881774902,
-0.5289304256439209,
-0.18491244316101074,
-0.35171979665756226,
-0.8327035307884216,
0.18561214208602905,
0.3794761896133423,
0.3513682186603546,
0.00483712088316679,
-0.7791013717651367,
-0.03130359947681427,
-0.5630933046340942,
1.1715846061706543,
-0.10744922608137131,
-0.3911132514476776,
0.4469892382621765,
0.03910773992538452,
-0.3988824486732483,
-0.8945541977882385,
0.442314475774765,
0.29002392292022705,
0.06308047473430634,
0.09373162686824799,
0.6432598829269409,
0.521013617515564,
-0.5449991226196289,
0.5768259763717651,
0.12009293586015701,
-0.08653105795383453,
-0.3998386859893799,
0.8653774857521057,
-0.4215657711029053,
0.498834490776062,
0.8258634805679321,
0.3823303282260895,
-0.48431023955345154,
1.0081318616867065,
0.059482064098119736,
0.4088815748691559,
0.5438533425331116,
0.2388555109500885,
-0.38424989581108093,
-1.065284252166748,
-0.189435675740242,
0.3293739855289459,
-0.5913441777229309,
-0.3592287003993988,
-0.007208218332380056,
-0.49979719519615173,
-0.45828232169151306,
-0.0009001045254990458,
-0.19204100966453552,
0.22212545573711395,
0.18913534283638,
0.45607349276542664,
0.18887227773666382,
-0.15367096662521362,
0.13266924023628235,
0.10094133764505386,
0.18037858605384827,
-0.19936883449554443,
-0.25168654322624207,
-0.46905168890953064,
-0.5088936686515808,
-0.5565984845161438,
-0.27612751722335815,
0.2180640548467636,
0.40520286560058594,
-0.8429368138313293,
-0.265736848115921,
0.5476744771003723,
-0.10310551524162292,
-0.9214362502098083,
0.33727791905403137,
-0.07181385904550552,
-0.05628364160656929,
-0.9192525744438171,
0.258576899766922,
-0.7064929008483887,
-0.2903613746166229,
0.8958554863929749,
0.45806261897087097,
0.7171592712402344,
0.201773539185524,
0.46819430589675903,
0.25916633009910583,
0.28872621059417725,
0.38867509365081787,
0.13184857368469238,
-0.3195987641811371,
0.16621758043766022,
-0.1985253095626831,
0.32659265398979187,
0.031919654458761215,
-0.42437058687210083,
0.07329129427671432,
-0.42281779646873474,
-0.03455286845564842,
-0.1310403048992157,
0.2755102813243866,
-0.8138058185577393,
0.29195913672447205,
-0.40704211592674255,
-0.12584659457206726,
-0.7902754545211792,
-0.23404212296009064,
0.31453803181648254,
-0.06531669199466705,
0.9062946438789368,
0.910857617855072,
0.23490314185619354,
0.39146798849105835,
-0.38761115074157715,
0.6125656366348267,
0.07847476750612259,
0.08614996075630188,
0.49495798349380493,
-0.39462319016456604,
0.5543871521949768,
-0.6761696934700012,
0.5494367480278015,
-0.2671535015106201,
0.6290492415428162,
-0.10031282901763916,
1.1236008405685425,
0.11213187873363495,
-0.004848024342209101,
0.24613022804260254,
-0.08972126990556717,
0.028800074011087418,
-0.28697362542152405,
-0.008844587020576,
-0.8095158338546753,
0.6164485216140747,
0.6719617247581482,
-0.47906243801116943,
-0.5491307377815247,
-0.16880322992801666,
0.14977975189685822,
-1.140606164932251,
0.3208254277706146,
0.6589463949203491,
-0.9362655282020569,
-0.18556120991706848,
0.04474692419171333,
-0.560994029045105,
-0.8490155935287476,
-0.33809781074523926,
1.1890881061553955,
0.5708755254745483,
-0.3316356837749481,
-0.12670814990997314,
-0.4594290256500244,
0.25610366463661194,
0.173945814371109,
0.686357855796814,
0.2885083556175232,
-1.233895182609558,
-1.0725266933441162,
-0.8047947883605957,
0.6850292682647705,
-0.0013351892121136189,
0.16665813326835632,
-0.045450933277606964,
-0.20642338693141937,
-0.0596296526491642,
0.2796018421649933,
0.3038526773452759,
-0.3652646243572235,
0.7295500636100769,
-0.24354441463947296
]
|
123490 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helena%20Valley%20West%20Central%2C%20Montana | Helena Valley West Central, Montana | Helena Valley West Central is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, United States. The population was 7,883 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Geography
Helena Valley West Central is located in southern Lewis and Clark County at (46.653748, -112.043667). It is bordered to the south by the city of Helena, the state capital. It is bordered to the southwest by the Helena West Side CDP, to the east by the Helena Valley Northeast CDP, and to the north by the Helena Valley Northwest CDP, all unincorporated areas. Interstate 15 forms the eastern border of the Helena Valley West Central CDP, with access from Exit 200 (East Lincoln Road). The center of the CDP is north of downtown Helena.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which , or 0.11%, are water. The Scratchgravel Hills, with a summit elevation of , are in the western part of the CDP.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,983 people, 2,555 households, and 1,992 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 262.1 people per square mile (101.2/km2). There were 2,667 housing units at an average density of 100.1/sq mi (38.6/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.79% White, 0.16% African American, 1.42% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.36% from other races, and 0.97% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.97% of the population.
There were 2,555 households, out of which 40.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.1% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.0% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 29.1% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 9.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.5 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $43,881, and the median income for a family was $51,024. Males had a median income of $37,780 versus $23,703 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,920. About 4.5% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.3% of those under age 18 and 3.1% of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area | [
0.08135463297367096,
0.40277376770973206,
0.12484186887741089,
-0.047114212065935135,
0.24740630388259888,
-0.06874437630176544,
0.9112696647644043,
0.5283759236335754,
0.3943886458873749,
-0.2571730315685272,
-0.46180084347724915,
-0.14297033846378326,
-0.2638191878795624,
0.9405469298362732,
-0.722285807132721,
0.5792275667190552,
0.2714294493198395,
0.5886192321777344,
0.6026977896690369,
0.06846325844526291,
-0.0070503996685147285,
-0.9629927277565002,
0.05227399617433548,
0.544853150844574,
-0.2654748558998108,
0.4551657438278198,
0.684625506401062,
0.4190739691257477,
-0.10390365123748779,
-0.10240676999092102,
-0.12273681908845901,
0.6931557059288025,
-0.6015292406082153,
-0.29555872082710266,
0.020581942051649094,
0.11402921378612518,
0.2876987159252167,
-0.24472391605377197,
-0.1501055806875229,
-0.23771138489246368,
-0.26319876313209534,
-0.3878537118434906,
0.02108212187886238,
-0.1389637291431427,
0.5235648155212402,
-0.2535766363143921,
-1.3953391313552856,
0.4526081085205078,
-1.1557570695877075,
-0.5390427112579346,
-1.0005195140838623,
-0.24285529553890228,
0.29869920015335083,
0.04133978858590126,
0.5408645868301392,
0.5847218036651611,
-0.28146225214004517,
-0.012848040089011192,
0.27316707372665405,
0.06938647478818893,
-0.460675448179245,
0.46129077672958374,
0.31858590245246887,
0.04816421493887901,
-0.0007695909007452428,
-0.10683669149875641,
-0.14974550902843475,
0.13480836153030396,
0.051597293466329575,
-0.9051529765129089,
0.07187999039888382,
0.14714215695858002,
-0.14229309558868408,
0.747834324836731,
0.15764224529266357,
0.7183945178985596,
-0.5800175070762634,
-0.2555675804615021,
-0.1793617308139801,
0.02012871578335762,
-0.07590348273515701,
0.33056408166885376,
0.4402617812156677,
-0.27528294920921326,
-0.021357398480176926,
-0.11116962879896164,
-0.46374812722206116,
-0.47268983721733093,
-0.12323736399412155,
1.0422799587249756,
-1.354624629020691,
-0.11239241808652878,
0.19128994643688202,
-0.1781308650970459,
0.0378059521317482,
-0.48385778069496155,
-0.27647727727890015,
0.6488530039787292,
-0.1829981654882431,
0.4416756331920624,
-0.668616533279419,
0.02945856750011444,
1.0609893798828125,
-0.37445223331451416,
-1.0059815645217896,
-0.7187862992286682,
-0.712193489074707,
-0.04255427047610283,
-0.05969339609146118,
0.2136700302362442,
-0.7076274752616882,
0.40582388639450073,
0.19571588933467865,
0.02130223996937275,
-0.21046143770217896,
0.40881821513175964,
0.00983838178217411,
-0.5807207226753235,
-0.4367907643318176,
-0.6032431721687317,
0.6580299139022827,
0.7192029356956482,
-0.25454217195510864,
-0.13335946202278137,
-0.21507617831230164,
0.260917067527771,
0.7201809883117676,
-0.5635323524475098,
0.45097556710243225,
0.11950398981571198,
-0.25233882665634155,
0.7251132726669312,
-0.10823759436607361,
0.1600470393896103,
-0.1288631707429886,
-0.8466767072677612,
-0.05384783074259758,
-0.3178877830505371,
0.3198091387748718,
0.16067761182785034,
-0.020610788837075233,
0.07279054820537567,
-0.1499633640050888,
-0.31246694922447205,
0.5571891069412231,
0.08096230775117874,
0.06102890521287918,
-0.49508535861968994,
-0.15456494688987732,
-0.1365431249141693,
0.14944447576999664,
-0.006992476526647806,
0.3264523148536682,
0.2486724853515625,
0.33219897747039795,
0.5717124342918396,
0.7431419491767883,
0.3709385097026825,
0.7823612093925476,
0.4159882068634033,
0.46253499388694763,
1.0825166702270508,
1.1249223947525024,
-0.05997845157980919,
0.5995712280273438,
-0.3149387836456299,
0.46280884742736816,
-0.35199785232543945,
0.10223542898893356,
0.4799400568008423,
-0.38469475507736206,
0.2577294707298279,
0.48913806676864624,
-0.15984754264354706,
0.3045225143432617,
-0.9139055013656616,
0.37657028436660767,
0.7540019750595093,
-0.23109041154384613,
-0.26798805594444275,
-0.6757504940032959,
0.3084683418273926,
-0.1185232475399971,
0.1596214473247528,
-0.17114371061325073,
0.07585033774375916,
0.33285003900527954,
0.05422356352210045,
-0.17748329043388367,
-0.6688804626464844,
-0.728813648223877,
-0.9910136461257935,
0.683344841003418,
-0.4913613498210907,
0.4171469807624817,
0.10896030068397522,
0.013441664166748524,
0.45682939887046814,
-0.6123917698860168,
0.2676021158695221,
-0.23845458030700684,
-0.4344649016857147,
0.5746974945068359,
-0.5960003733634949,
-0.13471555709838867,
0.0176466666162014,
0.3864675760269165,
-0.031039850786328316,
0.36395376920700073,
1.00739324092865,
0.04372081905603409,
-0.30423757433891296,
-0.21215398609638214,
1.2814942598342896,
-0.21911293268203735,
0.007917936891317368,
0.2419148087501526,
-0.004843595903366804,
0.5226450562477112,
-0.2684796452522278,
0.6771931648254395,
0.311053991317749,
0.12730532884597778,
0.038405824452638626,
-0.3707239329814911,
0.4965475797653198,
1.0460089445114136,
0.509661078453064,
-0.07756417989730835,
0.42356640100479126,
0.3180357813835144,
0.2279365211725235,
0.4985394775867462,
-0.26330262422561646,
-0.10739533603191376,
-0.09932944178581238,
-0.1482865959405899,
-0.7362717390060425,
0.4278700351715088,
-0.7624595761299133,
-0.06317832320928574,
-0.31282010674476624,
-0.3911297917366028,
-0.18309321999549866,
0.3078480064868927,
0.7262532711029053,
-0.21841469407081604,
0.23417067527770996,
-0.3690961003303528,
-0.24308717250823975,
0.20382800698280334,
0.3785167634487152,
0.1681799292564392,
-0.3294519782066345,
0.11834666132926941,
0.5790667533874512,
-0.20449590682983398,
-0.42928558588027954,
0.4279341697692871,
0.020990073680877686,
0.23315590620040894,
0.40260836482048035,
-0.34099292755126953,
0.009296069853007793,
0.4924989640712738,
-0.7857296466827393,
-0.10778046399354935,
-0.57679682970047,
-0.5333496332168579,
0.6916443109512329,
0.030461138114333153,
-0.3151577115058899,
-0.26069608330726624,
0.3004233241081238,
0.3568533957004547,
-0.30264541506767273,
-0.551851212978363,
-0.6313772201538086,
-0.6800209283828735,
-0.14419744908809662,
0.3847593069076538,
0.5262905955314636,
-0.05201458930969238,
0.11655694246292114,
-0.58250892162323,
-0.5183467268943787,
0.7058042287826538,
0.05832142382860184,
-0.5057623386383057,
-0.06938852369785309,
-0.26920074224472046,
-0.45584309101104736,
-0.18382258713245392,
0.2978511452674866,
-0.4139474332332611,
0.032414328306913376,
0.1936882734298706,
0.0014840092044323683,
0.7934865951538086,
-0.5887497663497925,
-0.13987058401107788,
0.3638693690299988,
-0.39567282795906067,
0.2996029555797577,
-0.24006354808807373,
-0.413373738527298,
-0.05461118742823601,
-0.5512279272079468,
-4.887145519256592,
0.8452046513557434,
-0.2740563154220581,
-0.716571569442749,
-0.04550032690167427,
-0.4680638611316681,
-0.1582418531179428,
-0.3970962464809418,
-0.08639109134674072,
0.12345226109027863,
0.19912417232990265,
-0.33379843831062317,
-0.25693702697753906,
0.3857424855232239,
0.8352711796760559,
0.13954298198223114,
0.5468050837516785,
0.04104273021221161,
0.8461795449256897,
0.29797276854515076,
0.03425836190581322,
0.224978506565094,
0.1392446905374527,
-0.05902814492583275,
0.7749590277671814,
0.2943491041660309,
-0.10807519406080246,
-0.46842917799949646,
-0.8285880088806152,
-0.5164352655410767,
0.12479106336832047,
0.18912647664546967,
-1.102895736694336,
0.38685286045074463,
0.06185618042945862,
0.07827112823724747,
0.48460981249809265,
-0.17703777551651,
0.938727617263794,
-0.3490474820137024,
0.7087445855140686,
0.5436193943023682,
-0.2644835412502289,
0.06283177435398102,
0.48182106018066406,
0.25466686487197876,
-0.1997138410806656,
0.013711141422390938,
-0.39194491505622864,
0.7953601479530334,
0.4407920837402344,
0.26735720038414,
0.7425093650817871,
0.2293393462896347,
0.13684062659740448,
-0.4256431758403778,
0.0677398145198822,
-0.00461424607783556,
-0.8088802099227905,
0.5934351682662964,
0.18856565654277802,
-0.44508951902389526,
-0.07543925940990448,
-0.3057412803173065,
-0.35075053572654724,
-0.3139396905899048,
-0.30952969193458557,
-0.02455746941268444,
0.4486924409866333,
0.08598045259714127,
-0.07277366518974304,
0.31944265961647034,
-0.7544633150100708,
-0.742691159248352,
0.43563687801361084,
-0.896965742111206,
-0.2727870047092438,
0.09584226459264755,
-0.8167375922203064,
-0.0981280505657196,
-0.32316040992736816,
-0.1547641009092331,
0.7619146704673767,
0.781276524066925,
0.8940000534057617,
-0.4498916268348694,
-0.05068054050207138,
-0.3408307433128357,
0.17416737973690033,
-0.6485821604728699,
0.6875278949737549,
-0.4650483727455139,
0.2954200804233551,
-0.21483741700649261,
-0.3900836408138275,
-0.012019840069115162,
0.9669556021690369,
0.15597985684871674,
0.025894686579704285,
-0.7859606146812439,
0.7984511256217957,
0.015842219814658165,
-0.02505217120051384,
-0.05450662970542908,
-0.9342076182365417,
-0.6500692367553711,
0.1739533394575119,
0.43175482749938965,
0.4704987406730652,
-0.7443529367446899,
-0.4090270698070526,
-0.12046099454164505,
-0.4346557557582855,
-0.040502555668354034,
0.248580202460289,
0.24957196414470673,
-0.7575756311416626,
0.22630742192268372,
0.40967637300491333,
0.4855513870716095,
0.39036574959754944,
-0.5388543009757996,
-0.6033027768135071,
0.2657546103000641,
-0.21176989376544952,
-0.04477133974432945,
0.31046250462532043,
-0.1328255534172058,
0.11895863711833954,
0.4163203537464142,
-0.0553867407143116,
-0.3077463209629059,
-0.11883544921875,
-0.3252236545085907,
-0.3493403196334839,
0.18360725045204163,
-0.7459793090820312,
-0.35155194997787476,
0.157162606716156,
0.4916136860847473,
0.3173896372318268,
0.5639655590057373,
-0.6860707402229309,
0.8333560824394226,
-0.20636439323425293,
0.3196631669998169,
0.009384460747241974,
-0.3307208716869354,
-1.13145911693573,
0.3958967626094818,
-0.7395679354667664,
-0.05059140548110008,
0.11970015615224838,
-0.5159522294998169,
0.20328253507614136,
-0.19223017990589142,
-0.2170087695121765,
0.6782666444778442,
0.07131858170032501,
-0.059147417545318604,
0.19259001314640045,
-0.5393927097320557,
-0.2663593292236328,
0.8510808944702148,
0.06394027173519135,
-0.2919350862503052,
-0.3755689859390259,
-0.2652035355567932,
-0.3702559769153595,
0.4024900197982788,
0.7972204089164734,
-0.19798502326011658,
-0.1806330680847168,
-0.30446869134902954,
0.45951735973358154,
-0.40235599875450134,
-0.12586283683776855,
0.3754001259803772,
0.023979444056749344,
-0.0963071957230568,
-0.29970377683639526,
-0.8220829367637634,
-0.34919506311416626,
-0.32953786849975586,
0.18825407326221466,
-0.4935484230518341,
-0.45634862780570984,
-0.6105639934539795,
0.055667534470558167,
0.06940951198339462,
0.4026690125465393,
-0.23402287065982819,
0.3473704159259796,
0.19593827426433563,
0.05764532834291458,
-0.5423305630683899,
0.34664496779441833,
0.45629066228866577,
0.002411216963082552,
-0.5837180614471436,
-0.025230620056390762,
0.3072855472564697,
-0.3494247794151306,
0.47606220841407776,
0.26133066415786743,
-0.47934412956237793,
0.42437949776649475,
0.8541557192802429,
-0.7342902421951294,
0.2830614149570465,
-0.5060647130012512,
-0.743577241897583,
0.7773505449295044,
0.5836517810821533,
-0.13335160911083221,
0.3612501323223114,
0.11298801749944687,
-0.12119273096323013,
-0.521916389465332,
-0.18043744564056396,
-0.4165510833263397,
-0.16224166750907898,
-0.24438634514808655,
-0.7646074891090393,
-0.5918862819671631,
0.08041640371084213,
0.4081279933452606,
-0.6807688474655151,
0.667294442653656,
-0.7532720565795898,
-0.04013544321060181,
-0.004575548693537712,
-0.051878422498703,
-0.18432478606700897,
0.537063479423523,
0.014149255119264126,
-0.2516251802444458,
0.12293446809053421,
0.487215518951416,
-0.02195105142891407,
0.15119419991970062,
1.0592421293258667,
0.18265525996685028,
-1.0829625129699707,
-0.31483420729637146,
0.14390446245670319,
0.34361547231674194,
-0.20641379058361053,
-1.3561670780181885,
0.6643931865692139,
1.1802473068237305,
-0.5246269702911377,
-0.5881113409996033,
-0.2872784435749054,
1.1833866834640503,
-0.9777310490608215,
-0.3544158637523651,
0.7701464891433716,
-0.2286401391029358,
0.6429899334907532,
0.3019725978374481,
0.04240799322724342,
0.46751007437705994,
0.33223405480384827,
0.8977059125900269,
-0.03318808972835541,
0.18716192245483398,
-0.7108799815177917,
0.32731854915618896,
-0.9680927991867065,
0.07177727669477463,
-0.1997528076171875,
0.12887416779994965,
0.10810593515634537,
-0.4001849293708801,
-0.33823534846305847,
0.18395914137363434,
-0.7070803642272949,
-0.6271588802337646,
-0.3731449544429779,
-0.1763971447944641,
-0.043420251458883286,
0.25928324460983276,
-0.044175244867801666,
0.5122470259666443,
-0.9569896459579468,
-0.5549415946006775,
0.1344335824251175,
-1.1895045042037964,
0.34640347957611084,
-0.5701513290405273,
-0.09839911013841629,
-0.252772718667984,
-0.8535720109939575,
-0.020998455584049225,
0.29010525345802307,
0.43623828887939453,
0.17815640568733215,
-0.5681203007698059,
0.27855896949768066,
-0.4995306134223938,
1.0238293409347534,
-0.2013903260231018,
-0.5458866357803345,
0.4151802361011505,
0.03875868022441864,
-0.3807726800441742,
-0.7745084166526794,
0.38642701506614685,
0.25908681750297546,
0.2758013606071472,
0.18794433772563934,
0.4972524046897888,
0.4237251579761505,
-0.6165858507156372,
0.48349854350090027,
0.3503122329711914,
-0.13514360785484314,
-0.15629494190216064,
0.6424159407615662,
-0.3338344991207123,
0.6156164407730103,
0.70163893699646,
0.317410409450531,
-0.4074215292930603,
1.211313247680664,
0.09118478745222092,
0.43976616859436035,
0.4452526569366455,
0.2982516884803772,
-0.2324884980916977,
-0.9690591096878052,
-0.291216105222702,
0.1312660425901413,
-0.6613314151763916,
-0.25047725439071655,
-0.07041666656732559,
-0.19562754034996033,
-0.4886392056941986,
-0.03649035468697548,
-0.3414277732372284,
0.05414610356092453,
0.07262061536312103,
0.4242250621318817,
0.19832290709018707,
-0.15482701361179352,
0.09905267506837845,
0.0327724851667881,
0.08172129839658737,
-0.3576095700263977,
0.04916244372725487,
-0.671096682548523,
-0.43659424781799316,
-0.45843201875686646,
-0.31571751832962036,
0.22680480778217316,
0.13728749752044678,
-0.6050940155982971,
-0.319412499666214,
0.433139830827713,
-0.1325661987066269,
-0.9656429886817932,
0.40767768025398254,
-0.12806664407253265,
0.22063827514648438,
-0.848431408405304,
0.3240208625793457,
-0.5847330093383789,
-0.2863709628582001,
0.6998099684715271,
0.040554895997047424,
0.6116347908973694,
0.19897617399692535,
0.571161687374115,
0.36371052265167236,
0.1205320879817009,
0.400989294052124,
0.19691869616508484,
-0.26026231050491333,
0.28267672657966614,
-0.49057531356811523,
0.3842497169971466,
0.04012046754360199,
-0.3066982924938202,
0.06348245590925217,
-0.611123263835907,
-0.01748768240213394,
0.03745335713028908,
0.1437927633523941,
-0.956451952457428,
0.252651184797287,
-0.23301281034946442,
-0.09969812631607056,
-0.7931134104728699,
-0.19675521552562714,
0.48353493213653564,
-0.17428745329380035,
0.9086852669715881,
0.978729248046875,
0.1775057166814804,
0.2714383006095886,
-0.19425365328788757,
0.38128018379211426,
0.05136273801326752,
-0.0442320816218853,
0.4334113299846649,
-0.32521942257881165,
0.5282608866691589,
-0.6321769952774048,
0.7375964522361755,
-0.5197293758392334,
0.63670414686203,
-0.31593456864356995,
1.1222572326660156,
-0.18487940728664398,
0.12790335714817047,
0.7159000635147095,
0.15756843984127045,
0.01201797928661108,
-0.38789787888526917,
-0.0872265100479126,
-0.766081690788269,
0.7731978297233582,
0.5925439596176147,
-0.26499879360198975,
-0.47906240820884705,
-0.2102406769990921,
0.2451559156179428,
-1.1762235164642334,
0.38071054220199585,
0.5162940621376038,
-0.8233581185340881,
-0.3575176000595093,
0.14806565642356873,
-0.7212422490119934,
-0.7191293239593506,
-0.49472519755363464,
1.2456105947494507,
0.7569298148155212,
-0.13371695578098297,
-0.045889630913734436,
-0.27139848470687866,
0.18483370542526245,
0.08850192278623581,
0.6344262361526489,
0.5448938012123108,
-1.0940231084823608,
-0.8973020911216736,
-0.8649923205375671,
0.8126040697097778,
0.07186660170555115,
-0.06597337871789932,
-0.14392037689685822,
-0.20519064366817474,
0.10785885900259018,
0.09970653802156448,
0.37032583355903625,
-0.5244362950325012,
0.8129420876502991,
-0.3321879208087921
]
|
123491 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln%2C%20Montana | Lincoln, Montana | Lincoln is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,013.
History
Meriwether Lewis passed through here on his return to St. Louis in 1806, following the famous "River of the Road to the Buffalo" created by Native Americans centuries before. Gold discoveries in the mid-1860s brought miners to a number of camps in the area, and Lincoln was eventually created when nearby Lincoln Gulch was abandoned in favor of the town's present location. Recreational, logging and mining activities along the Blackfoot River in the early 20th century made it a convenient commercial center. Nearby wilderness areas continue to attract visitors and residents.
The Lincoln Community Hall (1918) and the Hotel Lincoln (1914) are listed on the National Register of Historical Places.
"Unabomber" arrest
On April 3, 1996, federal officers arrested Ted Kaczynski at his remote cabin south of Lincoln along Twin Gulch Drive, under suspicion of being the "Unabomber", a domestic terrorist who placed pressure-sensitive bombs inside mailed packages. The bombing campaign resulted in three deaths and 23 wounded. Kaczynski is currently serving eight life sentences without the possibility of parole at ADX Florence Prison in Colorado.
2017 earthquake
At 12:30 a.m. on July 6, 2017, there was a 5.8-magnitude earthquake about south of Lincoln. The earthquake originated from a depth of nearly underground, near a fault system known as the Lewis and Clark line, which runs from northern Idaho to east of Helena, Montana. It was the eighth-strongest earthquake recorded in Montana. There were at least nine more tremors nearby within the first hour after the earthquake, with magnitudes between 3.1 and 4.9.
Geography and climate
Lincoln is located in western Lewis and Clark County at (46.957713, -112.672178). The CDP contains the unincorporated center of Lincoln and extends east up the Blackfoot River valley and west, or down valley. Its elevation is above sea level. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which are land and , or 2.87%, are water.
Lincoln is located on Montana Highway 200, the longest route signed as a state highway in the United States, running from Idaho to North Dakota. From Lincoln, the highway runs northeast up and over the Continental Divide to Great Falls and west to Missoula.
Lincoln has a humid continental climate (Dfb) bordering closely on a subarctic climate (Dfc). Summers are warm to hot while winters are cold and snowy, with annual average snowfall totaling 85.4 inches (217 cm).
Rogers Pass, northeast of Lincoln on Highway 200, is known for being the location of the coldest recorded temperature in the United States outside of Alaska. On January 20, 1954, a temperature of was recorded. Lincoln has a humid continental climate bordering on semi-arid. Snow is usually dry powder, although strong Pacific Ocean storms sometimes bring moisture-laden snow to the area.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,013 people, 507 households, and 296 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 56.6 people per square mile (21.8/km2). There were 846 housing units at an average density of 47.3 per square mile (18.2/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.5% White, 2.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, and 1.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.5% of the population.
There were 507 households, out of which 16.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.3% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.6% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 33.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.00 and the average family size was 2.55.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 16.3% under the age of 18, 3.7% from 18 to 24, 16.1% from 25 to 44, 41.2% from 45 to 64, and 22.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 53 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.3 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $26,688, and the median income for a family was $32,784. Males had a median income of $24,583 versus $15,227 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,243. About 17.4% of families and 21.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.8% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.
Infrastructure
Lincoln Airport is a public use airport located two miles (4 km) east of town.
Education
Public education in Lincoln is administered by Lincoln Public School District #38. They educate students from kindergarten to 12th grade. Lincoln High School's team name is the Lynx.
Lincoln has a public library, a branch of the Lewis & Clark Library.
In popular culture
Nearby Bugle Mountain (also known as "Bugle Peak"), located in the Scapegoat Wilderness, was the setting of a forest fire in the fictional 1952 motion picture Red Skies of Montana. The film, based in part on the tragic 1949 Mann Gulch fire, was filmed in Montana.
Notable people
Doug Swingley, four-time winner of the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race
Ted Kaczynski, aka "Unabomber"
See also
List of census-designated places in Montana
References
External links
Blackfoot Valley Dispatch, local newspaper
Lincoln schools
Census-designated places in Lewis and Clark County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana
Helena, Montana micropolitan area | [
0.33888334035873413,
0.9235790967941284,
0.17306090891361237,
-0.17458035051822662,
0.5873966217041016,
0.4449074864387512,
0.8613887429237366,
0.4980890154838562,
0.12816059589385986,
-0.34163036942481995,
-0.6184200644493103,
-0.14057448506355286,
-0.8331254720687866,
0.9680399298667908,
-0.25617021322250366,
0.28047382831573486,
0.4194023907184601,
0.6952253580093384,
0.7130803465843201,
0.14714094996452332,
-0.1789097636938095,
-0.6084421277046204,
0.1743183583021164,
0.4473218321800232,
0.018508518114686012,
0.3467472195625305,
0.5034971237182617,
0.17574326694011688,
-0.2576140761375427,
0.11222588270902634,
-0.2447350174188614,
0.3358004689216614,
-0.42774704098701477,
-0.3743554651737213,
-0.31955939531326294,
-0.05869957432150841,
0.33099281787872314,
0.12846285104751587,
0.08327268064022064,
0.15427783131599426,
0.030271809548139572,
-0.1499655693769455,
-0.012942196801304817,
-0.38468101620674133,
0.2533568739891052,
-0.35513636469841003,
-1.3072268962860107,
0.6208609342575073,
-1.0973436832427979,
-0.8725460171699524,
-0.9028339982032776,
-0.11258184164762497,
-0.011105461977422237,
0.34427669644355774,
0.3867664635181427,
0.26256024837493896,
-0.2749064266681671,
0.3865955173969269,
0.2560921013355255,
-0.006428321357816458,
-0.07435185462236404,
0.4442521929740906,
0.3868417739868164,
0.07794880867004395,
-0.21605448424816132,
-0.3064926564693451,
0.24568955600261688,
0.053364742547273636,
0.5047571659088135,
-0.7740623950958252,
-0.19634689390659332,
0.11237142235040665,
-0.3591172397136688,
0.4934840202331543,
0.1868208944797516,
0.5808681845664978,
-0.3907788097858429,
0.0106541458517313,
-0.35158300399780273,
0.12449506670236588,
0.2038998156785965,
0.23251119256019592,
0.35842856764793396,
0.18772375583648682,
-0.2556689977645874,
-0.10192643105983734,
-0.5389789342880249,
-0.08178931474685669,
0.503439724445343,
0.5905832648277283,
-1.0077391862869263,
-0.15311488509178162,
-0.16210347414016724,
-0.37508147954940796,
0.053583551198244095,
-0.6046012043952942,
-0.02678919956088066,
0.7658309936523438,
-0.24830539524555206,
0.12213518470525742,
-0.5330601334571838,
-0.2273644357919693,
1.0423080921173096,
0.03976025804877281,
-0.43738672137260437,
-0.6371609568595886,
-0.5262611508369446,
-0.11318781226873398,
0.21090340614318848,
0.3490833044052124,
-0.18463078141212463,
0.2332230806350708,
0.2063433825969696,
-0.3909463584423065,
-0.350547194480896,
-0.14372508227825165,
-0.2813863754272461,
-0.49612507224082947,
-0.32359224557876587,
-0.2791331708431244,
0.04242490231990814,
0.2823903262615204,
-0.31474146246910095,
0.4717743396759033,
-0.13846248388290405,
0.5239269733428955,
0.7665713429450989,
-0.17386272549629211,
-0.047197118401527405,
0.4477519690990448,
-0.6621442437171936,
0.5692884922027588,
-0.016838205978274345,
0.4646983742713928,
-0.1232786476612091,
-1.1365715265274048,
-0.33960825204849243,
-0.2204718291759491,
0.10433273017406464,
0.07581351697444916,
-0.6594821810722351,
-0.04992940276861191,
0.23505377769470215,
0.1583288609981537,
0.5266505479812622,
-0.0411057285964489,
0.18741661310195923,
-0.6983805298805237,
-0.022604817524552345,
0.03211049363017082,
0.20640182495117188,
0.1752498745918274,
0.2185467630624771,
0.7706937193870544,
-0.0351291224360466,
0.3060966730117798,
0.7124350666999817,
0.7512325644493103,
0.5944215059280396,
0.5801210403442383,
0.21479840576648712,
1.3881195783615112,
0.8955842852592468,
0.1337161809206009,
0.7112656831741333,
-0.30746522545814514,
0.6957043409347534,
-0.16460685431957245,
0.4311174750328064,
0.17446298897266388,
0.06746401637792587,
0.10947264730930328,
0.7660266757011414,
0.0662500411272049,
-0.05609302595257759,
-0.5999653935432434,
0.6839802861213684,
0.4135553240776062,
-0.22501127421855927,
-0.22260579466819763,
-0.8879331350326538,
0.2168269157409668,
-0.23662017285823822,
0.6013898253440857,
-0.009729260578751564,
0.07891354709863663,
0.015174721367657185,
-0.4000605344772339,
-0.4010177552700043,
-1.127733826637268,
-0.46623051166534424,
-0.9914648532867432,
0.245024174451828,
-0.683982789516449,
0.5786710977554321,
-0.16701048612594604,
0.05284688249230385,
0.4493032693862915,
-0.3514053225517273,
0.22967471182346344,
0.05772776156663895,
-0.3149746358394623,
0.7560938000679016,
-0.6430920958518982,
0.052980806678533554,
0.12054088711738586,
0.450945645570755,
0.18119287490844727,
0.13115578889846802,
0.6442495584487915,
0.4608938992023468,
-0.2582607865333557,
-0.1266901195049286,
0.9366398453712463,
-0.8210829496383667,
-0.10411369800567627,
0.09487263858318329,
-0.0842135027050972,
0.5969107151031494,
-0.16856993734836578,
0.5603486895561218,
0.1845560520887375,
0.2798651456832886,
-0.2492951899766922,
-0.11844955384731293,
0.6320545077323914,
0.8485524654388428,
0.295279860496521,
-0.6183334589004517,
0.5386098027229309,
0.4648684859275818,
0.6322982907295227,
0.15803475677967072,
-0.04001298546791077,
-0.026025330647826195,
-0.4189840257167816,
0.1732291579246521,
-0.18823887407779694,
0.2502339482307434,
-0.5274935960769653,
0.016796449199318886,
0.15700002014636993,
0.00592071795836091,
0.052554719150066376,
0.2557179629802704,
0.4983496069908142,
-0.16684916615486145,
-0.31429699063301086,
0.15447206795215607,
-0.21398229897022247,
-0.23445294797420502,
-0.20576873421669006,
0.2980652153491974,
-0.05812572315335274,
0.1319810450077057,
0.003546259133145213,
-0.40877342224121094,
-0.2869850695133209,
0.476240336894989,
0.06730823218822479,
0.04956294596195221,
0.11249630153179169,
-0.4765922725200653,
-0.09160182625055313,
0.7762290239334106,
-0.6796308159828186,
-0.3671343922615051,
-0.5993976593017578,
-0.2761262357234955,
1.15425443649292,
0.14939555525779724,
0.19749419391155243,
-0.3769229054450989,
0.20543542504310608,
0.542834997177124,
0.3062650263309479,
-0.43046608567237854,
-0.3042900562286377,
-0.8344841599464417,
-0.09155234694480896,
0.5315485000610352,
0.9882634282112122,
-0.7513943910598755,
-0.252640962600708,
-0.29596036672592163,
-0.6074515581130981,
0.6134805083274841,
-0.42321711778640747,
-0.6497455835342407,
0.09405810385942459,
-0.28725501894950867,
0.23967155814170837,
-0.2172059714794159,
0.15468665957450867,
-0.3561382591724396,
0.18372030556201935,
0.3135377764701843,
-0.01570768654346466,
0.542495608329773,
-0.8472165465354919,
-0.07122249156236649,
0.21363718807697296,
-0.36745354533195496,
0.5839740037918091,
0.44580885767936707,
-0.6933733820915222,
0.4440687596797943,
-0.6116954684257507,
-4.775407791137695,
0.5488038063049316,
-0.22320689260959625,
-0.3518003821372986,
0.24584750831127167,
-0.3447672128677368,
-0.006633015349507332,
-0.4451538026332855,
0.3063623905181885,
0.2589254677295685,
-0.07434435188770294,
-0.3721921443939209,
-0.4722057282924652,
0.7744619250297546,
0.6204352378845215,
0.1605553925037384,
0.6717174053192139,
-0.2781173288822174,
1.0190386772155762,
0.4724583625793457,
-0.3681352436542511,
0.11694081872701645,
-0.04645625501871109,
0.10100210458040237,
0.8832831382751465,
0.6416052579879761,
-0.26780739426612854,
-0.1307341307401657,
-0.5633825659751892,
-0.18918082118034363,
0.2518247961997986,
-0.09348345547914505,
-0.8488489389419556,
-0.08342393487691879,
0.030881764367222786,
-0.008662396110594273,
0.23423424363136292,
-0.5734418034553528,
0.5969330668449402,
0.1455407291650772,
0.6829863786697388,
0.4423297345638275,
-0.6483608484268188,
-0.3123337924480438,
0.6648156046867371,
0.05194929987192154,
-0.5509486198425293,
-0.16805113852024078,
0.10785896331071854,
0.8251165747642517,
0.1717114895582199,
0.5641494393348694,
0.8992551565170288,
0.12715308368206024,
0.7101919651031494,
-0.04549483209848404,
-0.07261808216571808,
0.25862592458724976,
-0.8010589480400085,
0.6581546068191528,
-0.030221091583371162,
-0.6566078066825867,
0.08190085738897324,
0.1360025703907013,
-0.23754911124706268,
-0.4445436894893646,
0.16000543534755707,
0.2269309014081955,
-0.02659394033253193,
-0.13677875697612762,
0.05679325759410858,
0.5316731929779053,
-0.26718637347221375,
-0.7040558457374573,
0.5883133411407471,
-0.6629039645195007,
-0.2680414319038391,
0.1969396024942398,
-0.9655457735061646,
-0.2224535197019577,
-0.3360573649406433,
-0.36961016058921814,
0.3822133243083954,
0.3187335431575775,
1.1032013893127441,
-0.422080397605896,
-0.16482067108154297,
-0.26488691568374634,
0.31594380736351013,
-1.228216528892517,
1.2619057893753052,
-0.25276482105255127,
0.863168478012085,
-0.27394619584083557,
0.09436563402414322,
0.46138203144073486,
0.5602880120277405,
0.1208665743470192,
0.041807807981967926,
-0.1928815245628357,
-0.06437309831380844,
-0.42217451333999634,
-0.3535715937614441,
-0.3515692353248596,
-0.260197252035141,
-0.5524516701698303,
-0.06496487557888031,
0.08544200658798218,
0.5001418590545654,
-0.7443253993988037,
-0.3256088197231293,
0.004821174778044224,
-0.7164788246154785,
0.16026277840137482,
-0.07418286055326462,
0.27145886421203613,
-0.04291664808988571,
0.1555665284395218,
0.5886236429214478,
0.5135204195976257,
-0.007230517920106649,
-0.21066366136074066,
-0.3247627019882202,
-0.22987321019172668,
-0.20658351480960846,
-0.30333808064460754,
0.2513878345489502,
-0.20201142132282257,
0.10688881576061249,
0.17384935915470123,
-0.05173243209719658,
-0.04363390430808067,
-0.5810949206352234,
-0.051110297441482544,
-0.6064050197601318,
0.36425307393074036,
-0.6286882162094116,
-0.6178982257843018,
0.03225743770599365,
0.46334150433540344,
0.35690581798553467,
0.3293331265449524,
-0.6365830898284912,
0.557462215423584,
-0.2067435085773468,
0.10896803438663483,
0.18394026160240173,
-0.34567975997924805,
-0.8844310641288757,
0.2949092984199524,
-1.0839002132415771,
-0.8019644021987915,
0.05777677521109581,
-0.3712068498134613,
-0.057746756821870804,
0.013449404388666153,
0.04196131229400635,
0.7827175855636597,
-0.4201829731464386,
-0.22263213992118835,
0.45885026454925537,
-0.7424051761627197,
-0.27601054310798645,
1.1521018743515015,
-0.07958255708217621,
-0.379620760679245,
-0.5237756371498108,
0.09857038408517838,
-0.8112109303474426,
0.3314817547798157,
1.1243343353271484,
-0.17231301963329315,
-0.24824641644954681,
-0.21194182336330414,
0.33809608221054077,
-0.27172890305519104,
-0.14878308773040771,
0.3349810242652893,
0.06295619904994965,
-0.53807532787323,
-0.48420846462249756,
-0.49556413292884827,
-0.6659311056137085,
-0.650839626789093,
0.178712859749794,
-0.5190282464027405,
0.030594874173402786,
-0.37227562069892883,
0.3206767439842224,
-0.28310054540634155,
-0.06724896281957626,
-0.46989667415618896,
0.2628251910209656,
-0.2847679555416107,
0.13919349014759064,
-0.8770799040794373,
0.4096795618534088,
-0.15359896421432495,
-0.5789397358894348,
-0.6516109704971313,
-0.02708294242620468,
0.4737001955509186,
-0.3415911793708801,
-0.028521941974759102,
-0.34626561403274536,
-0.9524245858192444,
0.5191721320152283,
0.5863288640975952,
-0.6702269911766052,
0.3865179419517517,
-0.3634569048881531,
-0.777123749256134,
0.7121953964233398,
0.7734561562538147,
-0.1367163360118866,
0.4858217239379883,
0.41353917121887207,
0.8575043678283691,
-0.5701789259910583,
-0.16032922267913818,
-0.5471199154853821,
-0.10638412088155746,
-0.13811708986759186,
-0.7408947348594666,
-0.48530808091163635,
0.29894790053367615,
0.3315684497356415,
-0.34760648012161255,
0.7707452774047852,
-1.1155868768692017,
0.2768140733242035,
0.36555394530296326,
-0.18533235788345337,
0.3653882145881653,
0.9265062808990479,
0.24130535125732422,
-0.9287047386169434,
0.20728635787963867,
0.10271239280700684,
-0.2289811372756958,
0.3584063649177551,
1.2925647497177124,
0.6135469079017639,
-0.5754029750823975,
-0.7183605432510376,
0.17041051387786865,
0.34218013286590576,
0.16257208585739136,
-1.4086661338806152,
0.6908836960792542,
0.6461012363433838,
-0.47635290026664734,
-0.549753725528717,
0.011375527828931808,
0.8458941578865051,
-0.5135599374771118,
-0.5232731103897095,
0.9076783061027527,
-0.27185383439064026,
0.752822995185852,
0.24805870652198792,
-0.33934274315834045,
-0.1326213777065277,
0.1279430091381073,
0.4849861264228821,
0.03595670685172081,
0.18843714892864227,
-0.7206925749778748,
-0.2616657614707947,
-0.977024495601654,
-0.38373368978500366,
-0.17684663832187653,
0.2651159167289734,
-0.2122630923986435,
-0.7803782224655151,
0.07769090682268143,
0.08669490367174149,
-0.29404687881469727,
-0.6053743958473206,
-0.28297582268714905,
-0.3133082985877991,
-0.2531118392944336,
0.40792492032051086,
-0.04751552641391754,
0.2587732672691345,
-1.0768920183181763,
-0.15783274173736572,
0.2159886509180069,
-1.1987504959106445,
0.46710023283958435,
-0.3376701772212982,
0.20143690705299377,
-0.01879248395562172,
-1.2242932319641113,
0.11368054151535034,
0.31804126501083374,
0.18471066653728485,
0.4314546287059784,
-0.6453744173049927,
0.2112819254398346,
-0.48495396971702576,
0.877566397190094,
-0.0528552383184433,
-0.6898345351219177,
0.24117568135261536,
0.014529718086123466,
-0.5045515894889832,
-0.5576969385147095,
0.3443032503128052,
0.6110425591468811,
0.3257812261581421,
0.14064143598079681,
0.3264975845813751,
0.4025532901287079,
-0.8204437494277954,
0.8014944791793823,
0.2499236911535263,
-0.49920499324798584,
-0.7922199368476868,
0.2743605077266693,
-0.6434751152992249,
0.12488673627376556,
0.7651609778404236,
0.4535056948661804,
0.051277678459882736,
0.790164589881897,
-0.009447908028960228,
0.5223431587219238,
-0.21262919902801514,
0.31021276116371155,
-0.16326415538787842,
-1.3565276861190796,
-0.6169852018356323,
-0.18064062297344208,
-0.5929592251777649,
-0.5328155755996704,
-0.4451558589935303,
-0.6105051636695862,
-0.5693185329437256,
0.2981477379798889,
-0.21911121904850006,
0.271630197763443,
0.17049777507781982,
0.30627772212028503,
0.3971547782421112,
-0.2647365629673004,
-0.2168891429901123,
0.11163527518510818,
0.343921422958374,
-0.1872689127922058,
-0.385439395904541,
-0.4275165796279907,
-0.342976450920105,
-0.7401957511901855,
-0.8263306617736816,
-0.20666758716106415,
0.3451557755470276,
-0.0633673369884491,
-0.49499282240867615,
0.34315839409828186,
0.29755067825317383,
-1.0990103483200073,
0.39594191312789917,
0.03465576842427254,
0.15687724947929382,
-0.6477522850036621,
0.3053511679172516,
-0.5002722144126892,
-0.24390606582164764,
0.4065040051937103,
0.27283212542533875,
0.5985050797462463,
0.012373997829854488,
0.5066723823547363,
-0.026530858129262924,
0.40006929636001587,
0.24623408913612366,
0.3262268304824829,
0.06477312743663788,
0.21761387586593628,
-0.150172621011734,
0.3499244153499603,
-0.40427011251449585,
-0.011789271607995033,
0.04062679782509804,
-0.6569519639015198,
0.06163382902741432,
0.19202567636966705,
-0.05358679220080376,
-0.809265673160553,
0.47306784987449646,
-0.07569178938865662,
-0.15036128461360931,
-0.3276044428348541,
0.11397255957126617,
-0.06105842441320419,
0.6153650879859924,
0.4577077627182007,
0.9122703671455383,
0.17772532999515533,
0.7426506876945496,
-0.11227349191904068,
0.6545913815498352,
-0.2301376760005951,
0.3050310015678406,
0.3972603976726532,
-0.35779526829719543,
0.5384013056755066,
-0.7875659465789795,
0.17737162113189697,
-0.055474016815423965,
0.18360354006290436,
-0.15897633135318756,
0.5133155584335327,
0.10471545904874802,
-0.1267770677804947,
0.4898391664028168,
0.04814247786998749,
-0.1997380256652832,
0.052837975323200226,
0.287661075592041,
-0.7161573767662048,
0.17389078438282013,
0.543481171131134,
-0.07018780708312988,
-0.41008254885673523,
0.14668801426887512,
-0.4260033965110779,
-0.8411497473716736,
0.6303228735923767,
0.6609465479850769,
-1.1146459579467773,
-0.15574006736278534,
0.01162281259894371,
-0.15408995747566223,
-1.0080649852752686,
-0.2659972012042999,
1.3843531608581543,
0.20690365135669708,
-0.34023571014404297,
-0.356210321187973,
-0.5288154482841492,
0.08025240153074265,
0.18324647843837738,
0.7511569857597351,
0.7401950359344482,
-1.3294835090637207,
-0.7859740257263184,
-1.227839469909668,
0.7016687393188477,
-0.0010437743039801717,
0.3739578127861023,
0.11259154975414276,
-0.20167337357997894,
0.2694772183895111,
0.20188412070274353,
0.5253829956054688,
-0.3594669699668884,
0.9466716051101685,
-0.1483909785747528
]
|
123492 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chester%2C%20Montana | Chester, Montana | Chester is a town in and the county seat of Liberty County, Montana, United States. The population was 847 at the time of both the 2010 and 2020 U.S. Census.
History
The name “Chester” was chosen by the first telegraph operator here and named in honor of his hometown in Pennsylvania. It was incorporated in 1910.
Geography
Chester is located at (48.511105, -110.967126).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 847 people, 395 households, and 223 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 462 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 97.3% White, 0.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, and 2.0% from two or more races.
There were 395 households, of which 21.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 7.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 0.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.5% were non-families. 41.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.09 and the average family size was 2.86.
The median age in the town was 51 years. 21.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.2% were from 25 to 44; 29.3% were from 45 to 64; and 27.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 45.5% male and 54.5% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 871 people, 384 households, and 228 families living in the town. The population density was 1,668.2 people per square mile (715.5/km2). There were 471 housing units at an average density of 1,010.2 per square mile (386.9/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.74% White, 0.23% Native American, 0.57% Asian, and 0.46% from two or more races.
There were 384 households, out of which 24.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.6% were non-families. 37.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.11 and the average family size was 2.79.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 20.7% under the age of 18, 4.4% from 18 to 24, 20.1% from 25 to 44, 27.2% from 45 to 64, and 27.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females there were 84.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.8 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $27,578, and the median income for a family was $42,639. Males had a median income of $26,154 versus $17,417 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,077. About 14.6% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.1% of those under age 18 and 13.5% of those age 65 or over.
Climate
Chester experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) with long, cold, dry winters and short, hot, wetter summers. This type of a semi-arid climate is a dry continental variety with similar temperatures as the more humid ones, albeit with less precipitation.
Infrastructure
Liberty County Airport is a county-owned airport a mile west of Chester. CJI (Chester-Joplin-Inverness) School was formed in 2005 and competes in the Class C division of the Montana High School Association. The Liberty Medical Center is host to primary care physicians, nurses, and visiting medical specialists.
During the summer, the Liberty County Museum showcases the rich history of the area and its people. Also, during the summer, the city operates the swimming pool, provides certified swim lessons, and hosts an annual swim meet drawing competitors from around the state. The Liberty Village Arts Center displays a variety of local and regional items for show and for purchase. At the library, there are print and digital media and internet connected computers. The city park provides a pavilion, picnic and playground area, and restrooms. In the winter, there is an ice skating rink.
Liberty County Transit is available for all ages and provides transportation within Liberty County and to connect to Amtrak in Shelby or to the bus and planes in Great Falls. Transportation for medical appointments is also available.
Recreation
Tiber Dam and Lake Elwell, southwest of Chester, offer opportunities for boating, skiing, camping, picnicking, and both freshwater fishing and ice fishing. Fishing and floating are also available on the Marias River downstream from Tiber Dam. The Sweet Grass Hills to the north are the highest elevation peaks east of Glacier Park within of Highway 2. Hunting for deer, antelope, game birds, and elk is popular in the fall.
Local media
Radio
KSEN AM 1150 "Good as Gold", Shelby, MT(Oldies)
KZIN FM 96.7 "Wide Open Country", Shelby, MT (Country music)
KPQX FM 92.5 "Your Kind of Country", Havre, MT (Country music)
KXEI FM 95.1 "Your Network of Praise", Havre, MT (Christian music)
KMON AM 560 Great Falls, MT(Classic Country)
Television
Stations available from the Great Falls market:
KRTV Ch. 3.1 (CBS), Ch 3.2 (CW), Ch 3.3 (Grit), Ch 3.4 (ION), Ch 3.5 (Laff)
KTVH Ch. 12.1 (NBC), Ch 12.2 (CW), Ch 12.3 (Cozi TV), 12.4 (Court TV), 12.5 (Court TV Mystery)
KUGF-TV Ch. 21.1 (PBS), Ch 21.2 (PBS Kids), Ch 21.3 (Create), Ch 21.4 (World)), Ch 21.5 (Legislature)
KFBB Ch. 5.1 (ABC), Ch 5.2 (FOX), Ch 5.3 (SWX Right Now)
Stations available from the Lethbridge, Alberta, market:
CISA-DT Ch. 7.1 (Global)
CFCN-DT Ch. 13.1 (CTV)
Satellite television providers are available to the entire area. Wired internet streaming available from Triangle Telephone ITS.
Newspapers
The Liberty County Times is a weekly newspaper from Chester. The Havre Daily News is regionally available. Its circulation is 3,500 papers daily, published Monday through Friday. It has a full online edition by subscription, as well as some free content online. The larger Great Falls Tribune is also available in most areas.
Notable people
Philip Aaberg, pianist, keyboardist, and composer was born in Chester in 1949
Michael Claxton (born 1976), basketball player and coach
Casey FitzSimmons, NFL tight end with Detroit Lions
William E. Hunt, Montana Supreme Court Justice (1985–2000)
Allen Kolstad, former Lieutenant Governor of Montana (1989–1991)
References
External links
Town of Chester
Towns in Liberty County, Montana
County seats in Montana | [
0.37428775429725647,
0.9533257484436035,
0.24426619708538055,
0.1366807073354721,
0.8360899686813354,
0.23081457614898682,
0.5940062999725342,
0.5443564057350159,
0.18595629930496216,
-0.15619702637195587,
-0.18797244131565094,
-0.2158041000366211,
-0.2278943508863449,
1.1652092933654785,
-1.0352774858474731,
0.5122662782669067,
-0.48965877294540405,
1.2284891605377197,
1.0562256574630737,
-0.29067865014076233,
-0.2569018006324768,
-0.14336588978767395,
-0.021248461678624153,
0.02761814370751381,
-0.07687545567750931,
0.4063752293586731,
0.08987999707460403,
0.12005989253520966,
-0.2834279537200928,
0.08485810458660126,
-0.18740509450435638,
0.42436522245407104,
0.06380430608987808,
0.37444955110549927,
-0.06702140718698502,
-0.35314956307411194,
0.3310980498790741,
0.21177464723587036,
0.0938965305685997,
-0.5257851481437683,
-0.15281988680362701,
-0.009598767384886742,
0.5593326687812805,
-0.3798532783985138,
0.005541348364204168,
-0.3951244652271271,
-0.8374843597412109,
0.42511534690856934,
-0.8365495800971985,
-0.5458931922912598,
-1.2641228437423706,
-0.04289015009999275,
-0.27457207441329956,
0.34117475152015686,
0.8115585446357727,
0.4264712631702423,
-0.5936076641082764,
0.18395398557186127,
0.4764474630355835,
0.1762756109237671,
-0.47941702604293823,
0.8581981062889099,
0.15984080731868744,
-0.07895524054765701,
-0.174569770693779,
-0.8180084228515625,
0.12881512939929962,
0.2775416374206543,
0.07252420485019684,
-1.0912061929702759,
0.25618502497673035,
0.016912201419472694,
-0.29243937134742737,
0.590564489364624,
0.37688353657722473,
0.7569844126701355,
-0.5664722919464111,
0.11188079416751862,
-0.3735203146934509,
0.0645928755402565,
-0.18759137392044067,
-0.158076211810112,
0.486118882894516,
-0.14318028092384338,
0.2653267979621887,
-0.08861250430345535,
-0.6032211780548096,
-0.04796483740210533,
0.02599894255399704,
1.085119605064392,
-0.7202620506286621,
-0.15187758207321167,
-0.12279047816991806,
-0.4473167359828949,
-0.4064772427082062,
-0.4881872534751892,
0.22691285610198975,
0.4078561067581177,
-0.2921045422554016,
0.0764293372631073,
-0.5248001217842102,
0.198029026389122,
1.0829992294311523,
-0.4255104959011078,
-0.7860787510871887,
-0.1476423740386963,
-0.5984358787536621,
0.011274589225649834,
0.6620531678199768,
-0.11273790150880814,
-0.03154158592224121,
-0.17334425449371338,
-0.06391941756010056,
-0.25522473454475403,
-0.21474061906337738,
0.4337082803249359,
-0.28976452350616455,
-0.06634356826543808,
-0.5943344831466675,
-0.4564881920814514,
-0.3313051462173462,
0.7106199860572815,
-0.26101624965667725,
0.5466715693473816,
0.1337982565164566,
0.7966439127922058,
0.5469741225242615,
-0.31321799755096436,
0.09534070640802383,
0.5094586610794067,
-0.18515338003635406,
0.45802441239356995,
-0.07947191596031189,
0.17080405354499817,
-0.4885232150554657,
-0.2772507071495056,
0.05260973796248436,
-0.4879723787307739,
0.7876717448234558,
0.5620242357254028,
-0.7614362239837646,
-0.06785942614078522,
0.4795466661453247,
0.4663692116737366,
0.0451371856033802,
-0.35860154032707214,
-0.10932832211256027,
-0.6361454725265503,
-0.012219822034239769,
0.44459816813468933,
0.13986340165138245,
0.3031286597251892,
0.9099936485290527,
0.8421405553817749,
0.03358973562717438,
-0.13280895352363586,
0.6081811189651489,
0.692244291305542,
0.502406895160675,
0.8151350617408752,
-0.4191943109035492,
0.8778295516967773,
0.9668340086936951,
0.3456346392631531,
0.6289439797401428,
-0.09378425776958466,
0.6725928783416748,
-0.026114067062735558,
-0.14728404581546783,
-0.19497531652450562,
-0.47346174716949463,
0.3478243947029114,
0.5692594051361084,
-0.02427183836698532,
-0.060223545879125595,
-0.4286751449108124,
0.44177621603012085,
0.4442037343978882,
-0.04694197326898575,
-0.31261876225471497,
-0.8043380379676819,
0.545981228351593,
-0.06207224726676941,
0.4654882848262787,
-0.3356124758720398,
0.000024361166651942767,
0.3161640465259552,
-0.3624100387096405,
-0.9089155197143555,
-1.3272404670715332,
-0.6674476861953735,
-0.22288411855697632,
0.9439395666122437,
-0.5381887555122375,
0.8538222908973694,
0.4530176818370819,
-0.1688791960477829,
0.10900841653347015,
-0.8400141596794128,
0.059315506368875504,
-0.1609019935131073,
-0.3611849546432495,
1.2132512331008911,
-0.77496737241745,
-0.029879312962293625,
0.2304493486881256,
0.15303738415241241,
-0.1261223554611206,
0.7000560760498047,
0.6893525719642639,
0.3859023153781891,
-0.6119951009750366,
-0.8522781729698181,
0.9877272248268127,
-1.14441978931427,
-0.2422100007534027,
-0.2650110125541687,
-0.01083106454461813,
0.5159832835197449,
-0.0622311569750309,
0.5541629791259766,
0.00799325667321682,
0.28306111693382263,
-0.18560010194778442,
0.08235277980566025,
0.38202184438705444,
0.6986446976661682,
0.48565050959587097,
-0.539392352104187,
0.6408092379570007,
-0.3147176206111908,
-0.20021642744541168,
0.14776764810085297,
-0.6609582901000977,
0.20489253103733063,
-0.49031227827072144,
-0.42185696959495544,
-0.21531161665916443,
0.7751960754394531,
-0.7642987370491028,
-0.3406234681606293,
-0.030873103067278862,
-0.05197693780064583,
-0.14621981978416443,
0.3351963758468628,
1.0713132619857788,
-0.16171103715896606,
-0.14531350135803223,
0.15877681970596313,
-0.486158549785614,
-0.345856636762619,
0.1354684829711914,
0.42728638648986816,
-0.3208349347114563,
-0.07433788478374481,
0.26142749190330505,
-0.2017713040113449,
0.0013961418299004436,
0.5100035071372986,
0.5330640077590942,
-0.2940801978111267,
-0.04183844476938248,
-0.36229097843170166,
0.040320880711078644,
0.6660270094871521,
-0.6885518431663513,
-0.3805864155292511,
-0.5971992015838623,
-0.3702978789806366,
0.567735493183136,
0.7451008558273315,
-0.09356144070625305,
0.11894197762012482,
0.14455591142177582,
0.7223510146141052,
0.6371635794639587,
-0.49267318844795227,
-0.7781395316123962,
-0.9000834226608276,
0.18645142018795013,
0.46562182903289795,
0.909825325012207,
-0.04266367852687836,
-0.42946991324424744,
0.3037871718406677,
-0.7094926238059998,
0.8496423959732056,
-0.7429123520851135,
-0.8716270327568054,
-0.575896680355072,
-0.1436631828546524,
0.24074208736419678,
-0.6260828375816345,
0.20592859387397766,
-0.3359970450401306,
-0.3383044898509979,
0.4975253939628601,
0.001955688465386629,
0.5314557552337646,
-0.6382533311843872,
-0.48133188486099243,
0.7960318326950073,
-0.39290758967399597,
0.22408293187618256,
0.4335581660270691,
-0.8361254930496216,
0.47588831186294556,
-0.4813465178012848,
-4.539027214050293,
0.6628705859184265,
-0.7512246370315552,
-0.6272217035293579,
0.264632910490036,
-0.8533419370651245,
0.07048088312149048,
-0.7318229675292969,
-0.4062645435333252,
-0.021579379215836525,
0.15116605162620544,
-0.4415717124938965,
-0.23354479670524597,
0.6403658986091614,
1.0237507820129395,
0.2962431311607361,
0.6980205178260803,
-0.18352875113487244,
0.7161213755607605,
0.5046464800834656,
-0.4244343340396881,
0.09711499512195587,
-0.2274622917175293,
0.44772228598594666,
0.5009682774543762,
0.8563172221183777,
-0.04230917617678642,
-0.21073873341083527,
-0.7550947666168213,
-0.04941945523023605,
0.10637279599905014,
0.19471611082553864,
-0.49533766508102417,
-0.5666282773017883,
0.10805020481348038,
-0.29381412267684937,
0.035778969526290894,
-0.21928709745407104,
0.18774905800819397,
-0.3498619496822357,
0.9851729869842529,
0.14846362173557281,
-0.5608225464820862,
-0.5568755865097046,
0.7399070858955383,
-0.1532713621854782,
-0.5328361392021179,
-0.17342877388000488,
-0.3961298167705536,
1.1665902137756348,
0.6024279594421387,
0.30630382895469666,
1.013856053352356,
-0.4264492094516754,
0.2090265452861786,
0.1509779840707779,
-0.3623778223991394,
0.22837524116039276,
-1.0374107360839844,
0.46286702156066895,
0.11405427008867264,
-0.9446829557418823,
-0.029849903658032417,
0.04279917851090431,
0.021084686741232872,
-0.34251153469085693,
0.13983231782913208,
0.4643106162548065,
0.13515087962150574,
-0.12025369703769684,
-0.00930611602962017,
0.8174134492874146,
-0.09357398003339767,
-0.5505343675613403,
-0.010958047583699226,
-0.7302587032318115,
-0.19135816395282745,
0.47089383006095886,
-0.8240953087806702,
0.32752373814582825,
-0.3875800669193268,
-0.04719163104891777,
0.5268799662590027,
0.309820294380188,
0.2744460999965668,
-0.400674045085907,
-0.3622605502605438,
0.2718192934989929,
0.2345544397830963,
-0.4243229925632477,
0.886366605758667,
-0.3499143719673157,
0.31376656889915466,
-0.04473014920949936,
0.23316127061843872,
-0.08326762914657593,
0.9880238175392151,
0.1711304932832718,
-0.6068450808525085,
-0.23373723030090332,
0.14976409077644348,
0.08783544600009918,
-0.05183400958776474,
-0.22903311252593994,
-0.2269693911075592,
-0.5273653864860535,
-0.18046289682388306,
0.1034686416387558,
0.6613901853561401,
-0.8981744050979614,
-0.5760894417762756,
-0.3239497244358063,
-0.2564455568790436,
-0.40032967925071716,
-0.15742728114128113,
-0.38527387380599976,
-0.09002930670976639,
0.44967004656791687,
0.628108561038971,
0.2500157654285431,
0.01332611683756113,
-0.10325577855110168,
-0.02443620376288891,
-0.06691618263721466,
-0.4577244520187378,
-0.31599298119544983,
0.6025968194007874,
0.2529495358467102,
0.006324484944343567,
0.2950354814529419,
-0.21350865066051483,
0.025346340611577034,
-0.6133694648742676,
0.32437360286712646,
-0.5169913172721863,
0.6733149886131287,
-0.5134941935539246,
-0.719977080821991,
0.35896000266075134,
0.28671935200691223,
0.6034986972808838,
0.34425756335258484,
-0.24487830698490143,
0.49183112382888794,
-0.04637760668992996,
0.1393798440694809,
-0.02966221235692501,
0.32748207449913025,
-0.7344032526016235,
0.23279185593128204,
-0.44947952032089233,
-0.1501327008008957,
0.15922263264656067,
-0.6321535110473633,
0.2983088791370392,
0.046584319323301315,
-0.08636252582073212,
0.5075466632843018,
0.3385470509529114,
-0.05574420094490051,
0.20553536713123322,
-0.06705429404973984,
-0.544169008731842,
0.5445437431335449,
0.1486974060535431,
-0.7892370820045471,
-0.7639666795730591,
0.3506283164024353,
-0.4613519012928009,
0.15605255961418152,
0.9129307270050049,
-0.23371382057666779,
-0.2199069708585739,
0.09754779934883118,
0.018520884215831757,
0.04006646201014519,
-0.13137048482894897,
0.2081902176141739,
0.008071381598711014,
0.10068998485803604,
-0.10470633953809738,
-0.5150059461593628,
-0.9472847580909729,
-0.4228971004486084,
-0.32444214820861816,
-0.3220381438732147,
0.22688083350658417,
-0.09384895861148834,
0.3179604113101959,
0.4649169445037842,
0.15148134529590607,
-0.5281313061714172,
0.23784929513931274,
0.27853071689605713,
-0.31600072979927063,
-1.1284143924713135,
0.40203818678855896,
0.5098249316215515,
-0.3685736060142517,
-0.8534092903137207,
0.15623632073402405,
0.591063916683197,
-0.4053099751472473,
-0.14184826612472534,
-0.22190812230110168,
-0.7033427953720093,
0.4020252823829651,
0.5500009655952454,
-0.6466308236122131,
0.8866217136383057,
-0.9908295273780823,
-0.9835659861564636,
0.7430957555770874,
0.6914531588554382,
0.1758616715669632,
0.20477673411369324,
0.511773407459259,
0.40001633763313293,
-0.27295124530792236,
-0.5071733593940735,
-0.2534220516681671,
0.00046276955981738865,
-0.2392302006483078,
-0.5652872323989868,
-0.0964336022734642,
0.5337578654289246,
0.1425127536058426,
-0.31377679109573364,
0.8605428338050842,
-1.3161649703979492,
-0.16648714244365692,
0.3007415533065796,
-0.0842336043715477,
0.4810687005519867,
0.8178464770317078,
0.25190994143486023,
-0.22046656906604767,
-0.3428913950920105,
0.042061857879161835,
-0.2956107258796692,
0.5879385471343994,
1.1496225595474243,
0.2785874903202057,
-0.3920897841453552,
-0.2211710810661316,
-0.1296418011188507,
0.23754942417144775,
-0.3220820724964142,
-1.472908854484558,
0.9286001920700073,
0.7948216795921326,
-0.5726436972618103,
-0.7412806153297424,
-0.12571854889392853,
1.1709023714065552,
-0.1973239779472351,
-0.3549506366252899,
1.0505545139312744,
-0.06794119626283646,
0.028236227110028267,
0.41646650433540344,
0.07564748078584671,
-0.023875705897808075,
0.2142784595489502,
0.38640668988227844,
0.006194732617586851,
0.01174328662455082,
-0.5559981465339661,
0.3686784505844116,
-0.8060134649276733,
0.22011081874370575,
-0.677137553691864,
0.3073665201663971,
-0.037373241037130356,
-0.5440751910209656,
0.0013905829982832074,
-0.17896950244903564,
-0.7963366508483887,
-0.7182902693748474,
0.04091748595237732,
-0.4513436555862427,
-0.03660377115011215,
0.22147315740585327,
0.24290326237678528,
0.437925785779953,
-0.7572960257530212,
-0.6817280054092407,
0.19531892240047455,
-1.0151011943817139,
0.5247341394424438,
-0.6589512228965759,
0.26792776584625244,
-0.00796172022819519,
-1.4579521417617798,
0.012417498975992203,
0.19539324939250946,
0.19644056260585785,
0.5650827288627625,
-0.45953691005706787,
0.7532731294631958,
-0.44240236282348633,
0.579576313495636,
-0.12263958901166916,
-1.2204198837280273,
0.47882363200187683,
-0.27839571237564087,
-0.8003971576690674,
-0.22179223597049713,
0.2577139735221863,
-0.32624682784080505,
0.36550188064575195,
-0.14359737932682037,
0.47421514987945557,
0.2222944051027298,
-0.46984511613845825,
-0.10107038915157318,
0.2991163432598114,
-0.7425714731216431,
-0.9270846247673035,
0.5180022716522217,
-0.7528664469718933,
-0.3263368606567383,
0.7419184446334839,
0.5149206519126892,
0.10956942290067673,
0.8352054953575134,
0.1715979427099228,
0.5282081961631775,
-0.34159401059150696,
0.20762591063976288,
0.09265228360891342,
-0.7424471974372864,
-0.5743771195411682,
0.2146800011396408,
-0.17931437492370605,
-0.2638808786869049,
-0.19565896689891815,
-0.4908347725868225,
-0.346309095621109,
0.19595952332019806,
-0.05606091022491455,
-0.23937541246414185,
0.11818728595972061,
0.3360881507396698,
0.15285570919513702,
-0.5927020311355591,
-0.3382895588874817,
-0.09838326275348663,
0.5584521293640137,
-0.5994142889976501,
0.19885869324207306,
0.019636165350675583,
-0.5200510621070862,
-0.9152910709381104,
-0.29015693068504333,
-0.3254493474960327,
-0.10644916445016861,
0.22392460703849792,
-0.33137190341949463,
0.49637773633003235,
-0.002953820861876011,
-0.8184185028076172,
0.8097080588340759,
-0.22761934995651245,
0.025908133015036583,
-0.20982083678245544,
0.2514425218105316,
-0.2173677533864975,
-0.6417983770370483,
1.0968925952911377,
0.4061165452003479,
0.5896018147468567,
-0.11852802336215973,
-0.0060017588548362255,
0.17673969268798828,
0.6357577443122864,
0.15956908464431763,
0.5148169994354248,
0.07970261573791504,
0.11511147022247314,
-0.5667346715927124,
0.06041760370135307,
0.09909393638372421,
-0.027672704309225082,
-0.15961953997612,
-0.3313385844230652,
0.1200154647231102,
-0.01802796497941017,
0.0037636335473507643,
-0.9114577770233154,
0.38651275634765625,
-0.1536971926689148,
0.15751399099826813,
-0.10616864264011383,
-0.11555877327919006,
-0.28087422251701355,
0.2777200937271118,
0.2970921993255615,
0.8182241916656494,
0.3788348436355591,
0.3323065936565399,
-0.5580951571464539,
0.2450818568468094,
-0.6579639315605164,
0.4951646327972412,
0.6612768769264221,
-0.30676981806755066,
0.31680163741111755,
-1.1248745918273926,
0.49608030915260315,
-0.3484005331993103,
0.34358981251716614,
-0.1395753026008606,
0.6238065361976624,
-0.6530943512916565,
-0.02663680911064148,
0.7673884630203247,
-0.06091039627790451,
-0.12539994716644287,
-0.22527490556240082,
0.3403783142566681,
-0.44253233075141907,
0.6856421232223511,
0.2783035337924957,
0.06879328936338425,
-0.28140977025032043,
-0.005011844914406538,
-0.10693193972110748,
-0.7474963665008545,
0.401241660118103,
0.03972965478897095,
-0.858575165271759,
0.11878110468387604,
-0.2066371887922287,
-0.8024783134460449,
-0.22664523124694824,
-0.753541111946106,
1.2784745693206787,
-0.10807354003190994,
-0.5357276201248169,
-0.08243053406476974,
-0.3222988545894623,
-0.19651837646961212,
-0.40216150879859924,
0.9889570474624634,
0.8512691259384155,
-0.667722761631012,
-0.5324450731277466,
-1.0259318351745605,
0.7919269800186157,
-0.01590929925441742,
-0.4194502532482147,
0.20737169682979584,
-0.31012216210365295,
0.4582163393497467,
0.1784110814332962,
0.5288549661636353,
-0.4995507001876831,
0.5771722197532654,
-0.06190303713083267
]
|
123493 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortine%2C%20Montana | Fortine, Montana | Fortine is a census-designated place (CDP) in Lincoln County, Montana, United States. The population was 325 at the 2010 census.
Geography
Fortine is located in northeastern Lincoln County at (48.764516, -114.902945). U.S. Route 93 passes through the community, leading northwest to Eureka and southeast to Whitefish.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which are land and , or 0.99%, are water. The community is in the valley of Fortine Creek, where it is joined by Deep Creek from the east and Murphy Creek from the southeast. Fortine Creek flows northwest to the Tobacco River, a northwest-flowing tributary of the Kootenai River, part of the Columbia River watershed.
History
Fortine was named for an early settler, Octave Fortin. It was a station on the Great Northern Railway line. The first post office was established in 1905.
Like many other towns in northwestern Montana, Fortine prospered with the development of the timber industry between 1908 and 1928.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 169 people, 74 households, and 48 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 56.3 people per square mile (21.8/km2). There were 85 housing units at an average density of 28.3 per square mile (10.9/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.45% White, 0.59% African American, 0.59% Native American, and 2.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.
There were 74 households, out of which 23.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.4% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.8% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.82.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 3.0% from 18 to 24, 22.5% from 25 to 44, 33.7% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.9 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $26,500, and the median income for a family was $35,625. Males had a median income of $30,625 versus $31,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,140. About 6.0% of families and 11.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.8% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.
See also
List of census-designated places in Montana
References
External links
Census-designated places in Lincoln County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.11826418340206146,
0.693231463432312,
0.22713643312454224,
-0.10016198456287384,
0.5696592926979065,
0.4356445074081421,
1.1363836526870728,
0.48524704575538635,
-0.17308689653873444,
0.04820111766457558,
-0.33606237173080444,
0.022912006825208664,
-0.6777394413948059,
0.7900695204734802,
-0.2128012776374817,
0.6558681726455688,
0.07519982010126114,
0.6212055683135986,
1.0043033361434937,
0.1237502247095108,
-0.01706077717244625,
-0.8099476099014282,
0.2920961081981659,
0.4344596564769745,
-0.049192797392606735,
0.10456130653619766,
0.6266517639160156,
0.141246497631073,
-0.22191454470157623,
0.1196572333574295,
-0.16417796909809113,
0.5048019289970398,
-0.9646356105804443,
-0.1542966514825821,
0.053194791078567505,
-0.0070403520949184895,
0.5528851747512817,
0.2689078748226166,
0.2997325360774994,
-0.23958925902843475,
-0.07182800769805908,
-0.27512213587760925,
-0.16351792216300964,
-0.4557357132434845,
-0.08279816806316376,
-0.82478928565979,
-1.4544713497161865,
0.29439353942871094,
-0.8952229022979736,
-0.4383467137813568,
-0.8249621987342834,
0.18836496770381927,
0.29417166113853455,
0.00024370363098569214,
0.5665752291679382,
0.4232921302318573,
-0.5310409665107727,
-0.0296725332736969,
0.4331807792186737,
0.17102113366127014,
-0.5974242091178894,
0.2684877812862396,
0.42740628123283386,
-0.11528200656175613,
-0.21871377527713776,
-0.1319628357887268,
-0.09615033119916916,
0.29328298568725586,
0.34174129366874695,
-0.6274762153625488,
-0.36733901500701904,
-0.11419191211462021,
-0.3707275092601776,
0.49847739934921265,
0.1817280352115631,
0.4912618100643158,
-0.6474854350090027,
0.10364766418933868,
-0.1819523423910141,
0.4287157952785492,
0.2169349491596222,
-0.06855998933315277,
0.6111951470375061,
-0.3961220681667328,
0.2048555463552475,
0.2868724465370178,
-0.6127689480781555,
0.0029935261700302362,
0.22738021612167358,
0.7516993284225464,
-0.8776818513870239,
-0.16660727560520172,
-0.057507507503032684,
-0.3287478983402252,
-0.14310410618782043,
-0.3176604211330414,
-0.2805582582950592,
0.7961474657058716,
-0.2814657986164093,
0.5238187313079834,
-0.24619664251804352,
-0.03744443133473396,
1.285168170928955,
-0.28694790601730347,
-0.7268019914627075,
-0.5173908472061157,
-0.4970411956310272,
-0.5633710622787476,
-0.04456672817468643,
-0.23244871199131012,
-0.3386434018611908,
0.15490855276584625,
0.10955331474542618,
-0.6680269837379456,
-0.40680623054504395,
0.5083533525466919,
0.09729793667793274,
-0.560363233089447,
-0.29601678252220154,
-0.2836419641971588,
0.6637572646141052,
0.5807679295539856,
-0.3298787772655487,
0.005970521830022335,
-0.23876816034317017,
0.6582774519920349,
0.6523706912994385,
-0.13524936139583588,
0.05619942024350166,
0.3309924602508545,
-0.8531902432441711,
0.7670772075653076,
0.0522974394261837,
0.3416571617126465,
-0.1793861836194992,
-0.7208315134048462,
-0.22108502686023712,
-0.37902745604515076,
0.5450062155723572,
-0.00788810569792986,
-0.3979704678058624,
0.04435524716973305,
-0.5183152556419373,
-0.06441466510295868,
0.40476012229919434,
-0.20356296002864838,
-0.1584678441286087,
-1.0831003189086914,
0.26977479457855225,
-0.1604394167661667,
0.21227088570594788,
0.16380104422569275,
0.4451760947704315,
0.7058777213096619,
-0.1078927218914032,
0.3216942846775055,
0.5566725730895996,
0.45405369997024536,
0.45989322662353516,
0.48321110010147095,
0.20865963399410248,
1.282975196838379,
0.7434950470924377,
0.06982354074716568,
0.4461286664009094,
-0.027604423463344574,
0.48607996106147766,
-0.7084522843360901,
0.4365043342113495,
0.202719047665596,
-0.2792333662509918,
0.4470551908016205,
0.7436530590057373,
0.14647595584392548,
0.025762999430298805,
-0.37051284313201904,
0.9566868543624878,
0.5088694095611572,
-0.3208847939968109,
-0.22224657237529755,
-0.5549829602241516,
0.26870590448379517,
0.3854122459888458,
-0.06723178923130035,
0.1015714481472969,
-0.0592905692756176,
0.4738461971282959,
-0.26229244470596313,
-0.21329592168331146,
-0.6875236630439758,
-0.5038692951202393,
-0.4928005337715149,
0.8774615526199341,
-0.28336772322654724,
0.9330697655677795,
-0.1169620081782341,
-0.13251005113124847,
0.5977272391319275,
-0.16115348041057587,
0.38076692819595337,
-0.13157372176647186,
-0.4682575762271881,
0.4817281663417816,
-0.5218991041183472,
-0.0025142491795122623,
0.2008046656847,
-0.022268326953053474,
0.11406060308218002,
0.5392796993255615,
0.9982083439826965,
0.657854437828064,
-0.3875384032726288,
0.13181373476982117,
0.5426186323165894,
-0.5162692070007324,
-0.09350911527872086,
0.1571265608072281,
0.09304305911064148,
0.5097485780715942,
-0.639619767665863,
0.31779158115386963,
0.028750797733664513,
0.06447169929742813,
0.10592275112867355,
-0.5654233694076538,
0.1401754468679428,
0.44847410917282104,
-0.13256226480007172,
0.011694462038576603,
-0.061205945909023285,
0.45917659997940063,
-0.07633145898580551,
0.2589607536792755,
-0.14083963632583618,
0.12789304554462433,
0.2941732406616211,
-0.08160900324583054,
-0.012614895589649677,
0.04368574544787407,
-0.8717712163925171,
-0.0859619677066803,
0.6190142631530762,
-0.2922881245613098,
0.20797133445739746,
0.24284327030181885,
0.5624844431877136,
0.30430248379707336,
0.3286377191543579,
-0.07574597746133804,
-0.3772038221359253,
0.5140265822410583,
-0.09889527410268784,
0.2482958734035492,
-0.15624037384986877,
-0.08323756605386734,
-0.31221044063568115,
-0.0013265107991173863,
-0.2057223916053772,
0.4522610008716583,
0.18781320750713348,
-0.17558762431144714,
-0.009288705885410309,
-0.19871148467063904,
0.3719351589679718,
0.29903632402420044,
-0.6200466156005859,
-0.1542041003704071,
-0.6832418441772461,
-0.12424250692129135,
1.1199678182601929,
0.11749980598688126,
-0.12368945777416229,
-0.1754889190196991,
0.43520012497901917,
1.2515710592269897,
0.15473559498786926,
-0.29767704010009766,
0.28054362535476685,
-1.0763916969299316,
0.20935489237308502,
0.3994486927986145,
0.6840856671333313,
0.0111605916172266,
-0.5227646827697754,
-0.39700111746788025,
-0.7600550651550293,
0.6469029784202576,
-0.15796107053756714,
-0.4300914704799652,
0.32414233684539795,
-0.11897531896829605,
-0.21492722630500793,
-0.32528993487358093,
0.4396662712097168,
-0.8169226050376892,
0.10718061774969101,
0.29538318514823914,
0.13347497582435608,
0.4089697301387787,
-0.40067148208618164,
-0.39442962408065796,
0.43585649132728577,
-0.6337528824806213,
0.3121098279953003,
-0.17401902377605438,
-0.5187500715255737,
0.16931134462356567,
-0.5271984338760376,
-4.822855472564697,
0.5632901191711426,
-0.2939334213733673,
-1.0117968320846558,
-0.07016066461801529,
-0.09889210015535355,
0.12292861938476562,
-0.28821811079978943,
-0.20861390233039856,
0.624210000038147,
0.12451961636543274,
-0.1547222137451172,
-0.007951978594064713,
0.4043901264667511,
1.1412394046783447,
0.29757237434387207,
0.9299306869506836,
-0.0018903547897934914,
0.6572327017784119,
0.6710022687911987,
-0.05882084742188454,
0.36979660391807556,
-0.003072763327509165,
-0.1969430148601532,
1.0624926090240479,
0.655846357345581,
-0.601952314376831,
-0.07085514813661575,
-0.4216060936450958,
-0.0747254267334938,
0.10755487531423569,
0.16427771747112274,
-0.47246524691581726,
-0.5107881426811218,
-0.2580138146877289,
-0.15262576937675476,
0.08130202442407608,
-0.48511919379234314,
0.6087186336517334,
-0.5020437240600586,
0.15991711616516113,
0.3590370714664459,
-0.478573739528656,
-0.048824045807123184,
0.33928170800209045,
-0.26654812693595886,
-0.4221526086330414,
-0.14421524107456207,
0.06530380994081497,
0.7207557559013367,
0.2163320928812027,
0.4209677278995514,
0.6132609248161316,
0.2850927710533142,
0.5213832855224609,
-0.4286276400089264,
-0.01788085326552391,
0.2088896483182907,
-0.5618539452552795,
0.5300595164299011,
0.0741964802145958,
-0.3491656184196472,
-0.04479917138814926,
0.24605804681777954,
0.15101923048496246,
-0.8180302381515503,
-0.08255734294652939,
0.2229890078306198,
0.3774515390396118,
-0.09186583757400513,
-0.02990725077688694,
0.39516910910606384,
-0.4303293526172638,
-0.5705718994140625,
0.5704997777938843,
-0.8175135850906372,
-0.41585710644721985,
0.00028976850444450974,
-0.3243381679058075,
-0.4474751949310303,
-0.4916950762271881,
0.2944418489933014,
0.5988086462020874,
0.5169367790222168,
0.6836133003234863,
-0.20928822457790375,
-0.1758904904127121,
0.014306381344795227,
-0.3459131121635437,
-1.062180995941162,
0.7234336733818054,
0.09605427086353302,
0.8014516830444336,
0.07299894839525223,
-0.4754207730293274,
-0.2632487714290619,
0.8476577997207642,
-0.20154792070388794,
0.3797037601470947,
-0.7010754942893982,
0.7117568254470825,
-0.18953096866607666,
0.36274009943008423,
-0.524869441986084,
-0.7302047610282898,
-0.5372857451438904,
0.13928569853305817,
0.31158047914505005,
0.9197226166725159,
-0.5120602250099182,
-0.7665843367576599,
0.12689360976219177,
-0.12760815024375916,
-0.11112260073423386,
-0.11618205159902573,
0.3432708978652954,
-0.4447675943374634,
0.03945906087756157,
0.7463739514350891,
0.7245354652404785,
0.11484130471944809,
-0.6525113582611084,
-0.3016037046909332,
0.10018765926361084,
0.03450788930058479,
-0.14772827923297882,
0.2863081097602844,
-0.5873291492462158,
-0.48617300391197205,
-0.06449168175458908,
-0.05265933647751808,
-0.3712703585624695,
-0.29266077280044556,
-0.15926401317119598,
-0.22745180130004883,
-0.06593699008226395,
-0.6757662892341614,
-0.5430640578269958,
0.5555697679519653,
0.3920504152774811,
0.03339838236570358,
0.5455861687660217,
-0.6964229345321655,
1.0563862323760986,
-0.7633568048477173,
0.3933402895927429,
0.45823732018470764,
-0.13941608369350433,
-0.9138957858085632,
0.32152533531188965,
-0.7571717500686646,
-0.45637381076812744,
0.17299193143844604,
-0.8134148716926575,
0.27738797664642334,
0.09455155581235886,
0.17739494144916534,
0.5422418117523193,
0.26154598593711853,
-0.4904386103153229,
0.06324692815542221,
-0.07846448570489883,
-0.43442022800445557,
0.908401370048523,
0.1532619297504425,
-0.5222510099411011,
-0.12413259595632553,
-0.2679844796657562,
-0.785060703754425,
0.33285799622535706,
0.5535891652107239,
-0.44368961453437805,
-0.19653567671775818,
-0.05316481366753578,
0.2398652285337448,
-0.3561559021472931,
-0.5452365279197693,
0.26664942502975464,
0.31655752658843994,
0.11739156395196915,
0.019193973392248154,
-0.2697722017765045,
-0.5095835328102112,
-0.2549285888671875,
-0.06949207186698914,
-0.5259571075439453,
0.03148068115115166,
-0.26576468348503113,
-0.10306181013584137,
0.004157834220677614,
-0.2600231468677521,
-0.3125230371952057,
0.21295596659183502,
0.0916648581624031,
-0.48375412821769714,
-0.9275220036506653,
0.12553970515727997,
0.33669450879096985,
-0.1442946046590805,
-0.34263062477111816,
0.15537430346012115,
0.5268519520759583,
-0.5750327706336975,
0.27902156114578247,
0.09134428203105927,
-0.3184662461280823,
0.47056737542152405,
0.6078921556472778,
-0.40826815366744995,
0.5805887579917908,
-0.47595977783203125,
-0.7398632168769836,
0.659356415271759,
0.7849295735359192,
0.048306334763765335,
0.35806533694267273,
0.3236567974090576,
-0.18799759447574615,
-0.5005982518196106,
-0.024877771735191345,
-0.8841080665588379,
-0.15175054967403412,
-0.21740399301052094,
-0.6699780821800232,
-0.4923436939716339,
0.5634428858757019,
0.4759048521518707,
-0.5579447150230408,
0.5767823457717896,
-0.9921706318855286,
0.07198350876569748,
0.2866985499858856,
0.5976876616477966,
0.03259672969579697,
0.47711092233657837,
0.6411256790161133,
-0.1935635656118393,
-0.1490374505519867,
0.6837577223777771,
-0.08145394921302795,
-0.11996929347515106,
1.0933442115783691,
0.256154865026474,
-0.6247191429138184,
-0.701853334903717,
0.003536706557497382,
0.760320246219635,
-0.581462562084198,
-1.268092155456543,
0.9262033104896545,
0.6264336109161377,
-0.6421613693237305,
-0.8324532508850098,
0.04434841126203537,
1.172765851020813,
-0.6079940795898438,
-0.2620677053928375,
1.1455562114715576,
-0.3155527412891388,
0.41180408000946045,
0.3161314129829407,
0.20965540409088135,
-0.06578128039836884,
0.46906358003616333,
0.41277825832366943,
-0.21952660381793976,
-0.008194503374397755,
-0.5202527642250061,
0.11410941183567047,
-0.9106068015098572,
-0.6824316382408142,
-0.426386296749115,
0.336760550737381,
-0.05053501948714256,
-0.40499210357666016,
-0.12643730640411377,
-0.07666998356580734,
-0.681532084941864,
-0.7866146564483643,
-0.11589334160089493,
-0.2764187157154083,
0.13813383877277374,
0.25145986676216125,
-0.590717613697052,
0.34266069531440735,
-0.9843199253082275,
-0.3458538353443146,
0.09167075157165527,
-0.934666633605957,
0.3052697777748108,
-0.44281327724456787,
-0.19137293100357056,
-0.19656813144683838,
-0.9823747873306274,
-0.021853718906641006,
0.4871126711368561,
-0.13030916452407837,
0.2597357928752899,
-0.5069435238838196,
0.4068198502063751,
-0.7433244585990906,
1.2205820083618164,
-0.22827142477035522,
-0.7440652847290039,
-0.1788007766008377,
-0.4411337673664093,
-0.2721134126186371,
-0.7419304847717285,
0.3274017572402954,
0.27753761410713196,
0.08099273592233658,
0.05750517547130585,
0.3790755867958069,
0.4753929674625397,
-0.7366100549697876,
0.23170460760593414,
0.41409167647361755,
-0.6689411997795105,
-0.4256216287612915,
0.3864053189754486,
-0.6304847598075867,
-0.10947465151548386,
0.7310431003570557,
0.527320921421051,
-0.29001739621162415,
1.4214345216751099,
-0.40716010332107544,
0.27722829580307007,
-0.0302917268127203,
0.38529738783836365,
-0.27289003133773804,
-0.8704068064689636,
-0.8705161809921265,
0.005578556098043919,
-0.8876822590827942,
-0.439334899187088,
0.6923399567604065,
-0.4838482737541199,
-0.25115182995796204,
0.2664738893508911,
0.2810269892215729,
0.20902086794376373,
-0.24309486150741577,
0.0528089664876461,
0.13471436500549316,
-0.31874632835388184,
0.3799709677696228,
0.028464578092098236,
0.2780695855617523,
-0.2199094444513321,
-0.41590461134910583,
-0.49263715744018555,
-0.18841543793678284,
-0.7751097679138184,
-0.2794966995716095,
-0.28891366720199585,
0.4101090431213379,
-0.7355116605758667,
-0.11680728942155838,
0.08929765969514847,
-0.1813403218984604,
-1.1414546966552734,
0.6333249807357788,
0.4539431929588318,
0.07462378591299057,
-0.5297224521636963,
0.49959853291511536,
-0.4853816628456116,
-0.14002379775047302,
0.812946617603302,
0.8948238492012024,
0.5698596835136414,
0.5718981623649597,
0.3113316595554352,
0.33877772092819214,
0.22835901379585266,
0.38028430938720703,
0.2526644468307495,
-0.030808882787823677,
0.14093615114688873,
-0.3408655822277069,
0.6672078371047974,
0.32596147060394287,
-0.2896113395690918,
-0.037925202399492264,
-0.5677382946014404,
-0.01703144796192646,
-0.07397667318582535,
-0.011425740085542202,
-0.6882381439208984,
0.17452792823314667,
-0.4468880891799927,
-0.3163132071495056,
-0.5457246899604797,
0.09331216663122177,
0.2180791199207306,
0.374809592962265,
0.5238037705421448,
0.44887447357177734,
0.5714480876922607,
0.08800461143255234,
0.4182072579860687,
0.3628547191619873,
-0.1439293920993805,
0.4195219576358795,
0.29875046014785767,
-0.29113614559173584,
0.37521272897720337,
-0.6155563592910767,
0.5376959443092346,
0.020349597558379173,
0.7869468927383423,
-0.13962741196155548,
0.4840180277824402,
-0.5693086385726929,
-0.6659433245658875,
0.5746586918830872,
-0.4085727035999298,
-0.2338581681251526,
-0.42194226384162903,
-0.00803330447524786,
-0.7738864421844482,
0.3070354163646698,
0.3404707908630371,
-0.31269359588623047,
-0.6184369325637817,
-0.25487053394317627,
-0.27981433272361755,
-0.7987945079803467,
0.2821866273880005,
0.4357008635997772,
-1.1783244609832764,
-0.05826690420508385,
-0.5082876682281494,
-0.5429035425186157,
-0.9867388606071472,
-0.3310287296772003,
1.3655682802200317,
0.3887815773487091,
-0.2902087867259979,
0.06882323324680328,
0.0015512098325416446,
-0.30700919032096863,
0.308353990316391,
0.6068174839019775,
0.8508191108703613,
-1.0025427341461182,
-1.0265729427337646,
-0.6277264356613159,
0.6542826294898987,
-0.20917220413684845,
-0.4304223954677582,
0.0018573697889223695,
-0.5812909007072449,
-0.10806308686733246,
0.388273686170578,
0.6826415061950684,
-0.6040300726890564,
0.7456214427947998,
0.14748138189315796
]
|
123494 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rexford%2C%20Montana | Rexford, Montana | Rexford is a town in Lincoln County, Montana, United States. The population was 78 at the 2020 census.
The town began with the construction of the Great Northern Railway’s branch line from Jennings to Fernie, British Columbia in 1901. Rexford incorporated in 1966 in order to negotiate with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers during construction of the Libby Dam.
Geography
Rexford is located at (48.899254, -115.168681).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
Rexford was originally located on the Kootenai River, but with the damming of the river in the 1970s the original townsite was flooded and the town was moved to its current location approximately 10 miles west of Eureka on Montana Highway 37. It is on the shore of Lake Koocanusa.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Rexford has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 105 people, 50 households, and 31 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 99 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 94.3% White, 4.8% Native American, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.8% of the population.
There were 50 households, of which 16.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.0% were married couples living together, 4.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 10.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.0% were non-families. 20.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.39.
The median age in the town was 57.6 years. 15.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 13.4% were from 25 to 44; 37.1% were from 45 to 64; and 31.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 51.4% male and 48.6% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 151 people, 70 households, and 45 families living in the town. The population density was 1,447.3 people per square mile (583.0/km2). There were 81 housing units at an average density of 776.4 per square mile (312.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 86.75% White, 7.95% Native American, 2.65% from other races, and 2.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.31% of the population.
There were 70 households, out of which 18.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.3% were non-families. 31.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.59.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 17.9% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 28.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 93.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $22,604, and the median income for a family was $22,917. Males had a median income of $38,333 versus $20,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $12,355. There were 16.9% of families and 24.6% of the population living below the poverty line, including 54.3% of under eighteens and 6.5% of those over 64.
Recreation
The Pacific Northwest National Scenic Trail passes through Rexford.
See also
List of municipalities in Montana
References
External links
Towns in Lincoln County, Montana | [
0.6793001890182495,
0.8463489413261414,
0.43696480989456177,
-0.24725550413131714,
0.7406727075576782,
0.2010139524936676,
1.0625178813934326,
0.7218209505081177,
-0.22754842042922974,
0.1902819275856018,
-0.18739280104637146,
0.15831048786640167,
-0.642238974571228,
0.9435957670211792,
-0.36357924342155457,
0.35403722524642944,
0.2201479822397232,
0.8941563367843628,
0.8656501173973083,
-0.3709813058376312,
0.03294061869382858,
-0.3937627673149109,
0.6594786643981934,
0.301366925239563,
0.16632752120494843,
0.4036438763141632,
0.31846335530281067,
0.21179796755313873,
-0.3833717107772827,
-0.03457994759082794,
-0.32481056451797485,
0.14863647520542145,
-0.5564668774604797,
-0.1839548647403717,
0.027384424582123756,
-0.0892818421125412,
0.6092398762702942,
0.22203998267650604,
0.10094723105430603,
-0.1563175767660141,
-0.12491247057914734,
-0.19809532165527344,
-0.21147027611732483,
-0.3833274841308594,
-0.0922095775604248,
-0.3892836272716522,
-1.4527276754379272,
0.20855702459812164,
-0.5439423322677612,
-0.7765480279922485,
-0.7211424708366394,
-0.13994024693965912,
0.08743281662464142,
0.2558576166629791,
0.8726575374603271,
0.6973724961280823,
-0.4036034345626831,
0.07235588878393173,
0.245327889919281,
0.45839184522628784,
-0.46091607213020325,
0.06166085973381996,
0.0844743475317955,
0.21796651184558868,
-0.23535378277301788,
-0.0913359671831131,
0.09493474662303925,
0.0007372566033154726,
0.47112998366355896,
-0.4000762104988098,
-0.15117548406124115,
-0.0798121988773346,
-0.19355660676956177,
0.3647012710571289,
0.26476719975471497,
0.9639240503311157,
-0.5489413738250732,
0.05944862589240074,
0.10045386850833893,
-0.013580679893493652,
0.1603078991174698,
0.18187174201011658,
0.6379891633987427,
-0.1053752675652504,
-0.14329804480075836,
0.08532765507698059,
-0.7382189035415649,
0.04269377887248993,
0.19917073845863342,
0.83748459815979,
-0.9591675996780396,
-0.43518224358558655,
-0.2678568661212921,
-0.1541881114244461,
0.013257462531328201,
-0.590578019618988,
-0.3075965642929077,
0.7800372838973999,
-0.4305749237537384,
0.2701057195663452,
-0.14495965838432312,
-0.11227060854434967,
1.2878031730651855,
-0.24536873400211334,
-0.4788951575756073,
-0.9866037964820862,
-0.8685430288314819,
0.003741915337741375,
0.06823611259460449,
-0.15937839448451996,
-0.18867012858390808,
0.20086267590522766,
0.10825078934431076,
-0.5450138449668884,
-0.3507026731967926,
0.40532955527305603,
-0.033101487904787064,
-0.6873945593833923,
-0.08032163977622986,
0.16228604316711426,
0.3395158052444458,
0.30690622329711914,
-0.2642328441143036,
0.029367979615926743,
-0.5443220138549805,
0.5424531102180481,
0.36565515398979187,
-0.19099700450897217,
-0.41002002358436584,
0.3786245286464691,
-0.7177911400794983,
0.9188956022262573,
-0.10385961085557938,
0.4409014582633972,
-0.12222719937562943,
-0.6837731599807739,
-0.013761659152805805,
-0.7590991854667664,
0.42316463589668274,
0.1206589862704277,
-0.2776261568069458,
-0.28519970178604126,
-0.5003508925437927,
-0.047932885587215424,
0.45614561438560486,
-0.16982467472553253,
0.23915912210941315,
-1.1362595558166504,
0.31962335109710693,
0.05213670805096626,
0.07659711688756943,
0.43158113956451416,
0.18010812997817993,
0.7281996607780457,
0.1529291421175003,
0.20779584348201752,
0.6949186325073242,
0.2681577205657959,
0.6853051781654358,
0.6961851119995117,
-0.3033519983291626,
1.1993443965911865,
0.7877299189567566,
0.17988599836826324,
0.5279122591018677,
-0.31172361969947815,
0.6433068513870239,
-0.09346144646406174,
0.05998454615473747,
0.1715567708015442,
-0.2954954206943512,
0.6584746241569519,
0.9055912494659424,
-0.09154348820447922,
0.2778022587299347,
-0.4258497655391693,
1.059381127357483,
0.43094077706336975,
-0.3911667466163635,
-0.20829449594020844,
-0.8903958201408386,
0.552614152431488,
0.25073134899139404,
0.28648123145103455,
-0.004775164648890495,
0.27002444863319397,
0.5525667071342468,
0.20929917693138123,
-0.16853882372379303,
-1.437958836555481,
-0.1681831330060959,
-0.6318797469139099,
1.1719812154769897,
-0.4330053925514221,
0.5468761920928955,
-0.10068726539611816,
0.18846377730369568,
0.41682299971580505,
-0.7494791150093079,
0.43597543239593506,
0.23358456790447235,
-0.2626081705093384,
0.774876058101654,
-0.5896266102790833,
-0.2872316241264343,
0.20168906450271606,
0.38604897260665894,
-0.23873384296894073,
0.5231301188468933,
1.069345235824585,
0.5098605751991272,
-0.2938718795776367,
-0.2507423460483551,
0.9850191473960876,
-0.9438644647598267,
-0.25573277473449707,
0.11546202749013901,
-0.23256349563598633,
0.2769767642021179,
-0.5937014222145081,
0.3987886309623718,
0.2327859252691269,
-0.34022411704063416,
-0.1048833504319191,
-0.44406455755233765,
0.5237448215484619,
0.5530416369438171,
-0.11625649034976959,
-0.42073020339012146,
0.14131203293800354,
0.3904283046722412,
0.3459327220916748,
0.06027420237660408,
-0.10587665438652039,
-0.1511387974023819,
0.20991116762161255,
-0.07947485893964767,
-0.27182134985923767,
-0.06823664158582687,
-0.6123054027557373,
-0.20986513793468475,
0.2071598917245865,
0.021497393026947975,
0.11852249503135681,
0.2448551058769226,
0.7362500429153442,
-0.03065166249871254,
-0.11159724742174149,
-0.17175699770450592,
-0.44515344500541687,
0.5986729264259338,
-0.26344120502471924,
0.09818127006292343,
-0.2584308385848999,
0.09163453429937363,
-0.12033180147409439,
-0.39508041739463806,
0.28571635484695435,
0.6096533536911011,
0.05902014300227165,
0.098267562687397,
0.08754684776067734,
-0.2920040786266327,
-0.07205095142126083,
0.31989696621894836,
-0.6155409216880798,
-0.4639448821544647,
-0.7364290356636047,
-0.23679669201374054,
0.9661181569099426,
-0.20704902708530426,
0.2994481027126312,
-0.3932350277900696,
0.5935406684875488,
0.8943712115287781,
0.22589550912380219,
-0.41547855734825134,
0.1066182404756546,
-0.8680817484855652,
0.1829562932252884,
0.4128701388835907,
1.01506769657135,
-0.5278663039207458,
-0.39500558376312256,
-0.5897436738014221,
-0.7292866706848145,
0.47306129336357117,
-0.40030092000961304,
-0.05378309264779091,
0.10467945039272308,
-0.3923591673374176,
0.08000213652849197,
-0.5465355515480042,
0.09090426564216614,
-0.7291308045387268,
0.0838121697306633,
0.3851894438266754,
-0.1428573727607727,
0.38107380270957947,
-0.7686023116111755,
-0.13443629443645477,
0.3862013816833496,
-0.6246262788772583,
0.29697394371032715,
0.045949116349220276,
0.09008987993001938,
-0.2064627856016159,
-0.8426487445831299,
-4.605682849884033,
0.7859799265861511,
-0.3023053705692291,
-0.6528922319412231,
0.3031960427761078,
-0.5288773775100708,
-0.11895769089460373,
-0.3616369366645813,
-0.04494703188538551,
0.13249441981315613,
-0.24609319865703583,
-0.23317119479179382,
0.018770411610603333,
0.7511017918586731,
0.8183272480964661,
0.06272590905427933,
0.7721691131591797,
-0.25918737053871155,
0.6496539115905762,
0.5637516975402832,
-0.6683791279792786,
-0.03827803209424019,
0.22568032145500183,
-0.05389508232474327,
1.0413678884506226,
1.0266053676605225,
-0.5212754011154175,
-0.42334914207458496,
-0.27368924021720886,
0.05358022078871727,
-0.16122978925704956,
0.29712873697280884,
-0.6912031769752502,
-0.3631461262702942,
0.03915499150753021,
0.23599828779697418,
0.25371843576431274,
-0.5100868344306946,
0.6628144979476929,
-0.35529768466949463,
0.7594735622406006,
0.13415329158306122,
-0.7464379072189331,
-0.21839940547943115,
0.458610862493515,
-0.032477427273988724,
-0.4107641279697418,
-0.19775067269802094,
-0.1936769187450409,
0.8907315135002136,
0.280270516872406,
0.512132465839386,
0.7777292728424072,
0.07862354815006256,
0.7247701287269592,
-0.37685275077819824,
-0.016171874478459358,
0.006386568769812584,
-0.5295244455337524,
0.3827965557575226,
-0.1747991144657135,
-0.7640581130981445,
0.10855229943990707,
0.5962438583374023,
-0.31510886549949646,
-0.5088359117507935,
0.10600639134645462,
0.31082504987716675,
0.16704852879047394,
-0.1740562617778778,
0.1164197325706482,
0.4681062400341034,
-0.4828014671802521,
-0.5826543569564819,
0.138058602809906,
-0.622258722782135,
-0.35383597016334534,
0.1451633870601654,
-0.7967820167541504,
-0.29601016640663147,
0.13300901651382446,
0.13590984046459198,
0.4473586082458496,
0.5816255807876587,
0.6888183355331421,
-0.5829029679298401,
-0.040096111595630646,
0.20754016935825348,
-0.06663759052753448,
-1.0066635608673096,
0.7409171462059021,
-0.11412311345338821,
0.5216923952102661,
-0.421448290348053,
-0.0013475179439410567,
-0.08710754662752151,
0.8715860843658447,
-0.20433945953845978,
0.1786215603351593,
-0.2708357572555542,
0.3749000132083893,
-0.24165752530097961,
0.2624695897102356,
-0.6854423880577087,
-0.5302773714065552,
-0.8030908703804016,
-0.1695481538772583,
0.47050485014915466,
0.6164665222167969,
-0.7092121839523315,
-0.7947602868080139,
-0.2171013057231903,
-0.44610854983329773,
-0.11268536746501923,
-0.21804581582546234,
0.09534337371587753,
-0.3482568860054016,
0.29406824707984924,
0.4655609130859375,
0.7505581378936768,
0.02437398210167885,
-0.36087870597839355,
-0.32245317101478577,
-0.26249560713768005,
-0.3737889230251312,
-0.1577959954738617,
0.3615208864212036,
-0.16377049684524536,
-0.15706023573875427,
-0.05565551295876503,
-0.201944962143898,
-0.10311508178710938,
-0.5079619288444519,
-0.1936006247997284,
-0.41495949029922485,
0.21023932099342346,
-1.0191137790679932,
-0.948817789554596,
0.42285701632499695,
0.34847408533096313,
0.5869419574737549,
0.029457084834575653,
-0.4490514099597931,
0.8114551901817322,
-0.27347320318222046,
0.11389955133199692,
0.6065680384635925,
-0.40271803736686707,
-0.842824399471283,
0.4218868315219879,
-0.8980337381362915,
-0.3907279074192047,
0.17758017778396606,
-0.9007595777511597,
0.0035693123936653137,
-0.03452908620238304,
0.17068974673748016,
0.4554804563522339,
0.01713648810982704,
-0.629161536693573,
0.29921767115592957,
-0.32448500394821167,
-0.32895827293395996,
1.1672128438949585,
-0.21058470010757446,
-0.40183791518211365,
-0.44815975427627563,
0.13076312839984894,
-0.9238287806510925,
0.40468132495880127,
0.8137786388397217,
-0.274196058511734,
-0.4992383122444153,
0.14030338823795319,
0.31499820947647095,
-0.341607928276062,
-0.1730135977268219,
0.6991823315620422,
0.48666471242904663,
-0.06132657825946808,
-0.09061428159475327,
-0.43052035570144653,
-0.8570165038108826,
-0.5813610553741455,
0.13856591284275055,
-0.4623298645019531,
0.2683669626712799,
-0.6791990995407104,
-0.14618641138076782,
-0.0387374646961689,
-0.0726037248969078,
-0.36057141423225403,
0.3385776877403259,
0.05529656633734703,
-0.18157127499580383,
-1.2532557249069214,
0.14308828115463257,
0.201453298330307,
-0.24029242992401123,
-0.6164342164993286,
0.6022073030471802,
1.002765417098999,
-0.2604154944419861,
0.09552513062953949,
0.01993953436613083,
-0.6909887790679932,
0.1698395162820816,
0.46985891461372375,
-0.3394206464290619,
1.1204824447631836,
-0.28296902775764465,
-0.7780836820602417,
0.7028684020042419,
0.9586480855941772,
0.05905779451131821,
0.48078325390815735,
0.5828357338905334,
0.6920843720436096,
-0.6317871809005737,
-0.3142068684101105,
-0.585338294506073,
-0.049339987337589264,
-0.2489168643951416,
-0.5144317746162415,
-0.6842741370201111,
0.2579664885997772,
0.55280601978302,
-0.3733883202075958,
0.6077229976654053,
-0.9834960699081421,
0.008435336872935295,
0.2774934768676758,
0.2790766656398773,
0.1847592294216156,
0.5638315677642822,
0.40919598937034607,
-0.1793418526649475,
0.04806126654148102,
0.4247908294200897,
-0.28411978483200073,
0.2566777467727661,
1.663883090019226,
0.5540410280227661,
-0.5536423325538635,
-0.9038015007972717,
0.17749911546707153,
0.42026787996292114,
-0.2268836796283722,
-1.3628753423690796,
1.0004175901412964,
0.6231313347816467,
-0.6000189185142517,
-0.6104055643081665,
0.13821998238563538,
0.7968254089355469,
-0.5683222413063049,
-0.344694584608078,
1.2567310333251953,
-0.3372805118560791,
0.5115451812744141,
0.2780842185020447,
0.051289841532707214,
0.249915212392807,
0.0059502627700567245,
0.5279842615127563,
-0.001938407076522708,
0.08009500801563263,
-0.18360577523708344,
-0.09432245790958405,
-0.7466495633125305,
-0.39897841215133667,
-0.134508416056633,
0.20982255041599274,
-0.2555588483810425,
-0.4821092188358307,
0.22032879292964935,
-0.025206688791513443,
-0.7074719071388245,
-0.893945038318634,
-0.009747631847858429,
-0.3467569649219513,
-0.028905199840664864,
0.026308102533221245,
-0.4533321261405945,
0.11603663861751556,
-1.1896895170211792,
-0.17942461371421814,
0.4402802884578705,
-0.884097158908844,
0.26889681816101074,
-0.5574706792831421,
-0.3381710648536682,
0.13477849960327148,
-0.6911450624465942,
-0.10692635923624039,
0.37025314569473267,
-0.09402169287204742,
0.42635267972946167,
-0.20978933572769165,
0.332851767539978,
-0.35982513427734375,
0.9601789116859436,
-0.3424994945526123,
-0.9874020218849182,
0.26952362060546875,
-0.28223538398742676,
-0.5292013883590698,
-0.6439023613929749,
0.1813811957836151,
0.3726302981376648,
0.27553901076316833,
0.041143037378787994,
0.26069676876068115,
0.7743686437606812,
-0.7889166474342346,
0.5757670998573303,
0.018853584304451942,
-0.5296278595924377,
-0.6272833943367004,
0.43901747465133667,
-0.31232014298439026,
0.10949166119098663,
0.6495680809020996,
0.40213078260421753,
-0.25200045108795166,
1.3148829936981201,
-0.4660111665725708,
0.8391550183296204,
0.06976731866598129,
0.20750243961811066,
-0.12552635371685028,
-1.24445378780365,
-0.8132421970367432,
0.3950344920158386,
-0.7626098394393921,
-0.38177821040153503,
-0.03364470601081848,
-0.6875790357589722,
-0.5397180914878845,
0.3166562616825104,
0.05030703917145729,
0.4836077392101288,
-0.19978828728199005,
0.07541977614164352,
0.28715673089027405,
-0.4381781220436096,
-0.02781982533633709,
-0.15641775727272034,
0.6511129140853882,
-0.5068554878234863,
-0.09233944863080978,
-0.4399730861186981,
-0.32899966835975647,
-0.5192720890045166,
-0.3368054926395416,
-0.5091986656188965,
0.168598011136055,
-0.6717827916145325,
-0.4319802224636078,
-0.2597748339176178,
-0.3400745391845703,
-1.2279491424560547,
0.3166405260562897,
0.3176317811012268,
0.3351952135562897,
-0.2488059550523758,
0.5686320066452026,
-0.4292106628417969,
-0.3261849582195282,
0.6203483939170837,
0.5962480902671814,
0.6760088801383972,
0.48396772146224976,
0.43652161955833435,
0.17992521822452545,
0.2543851137161255,
0.2512539029121399,
0.24847988784313202,
-0.5443389415740967,
-0.00907145719975233,
-0.3146626353263855,
0.5867685079574585,
0.2349327653646469,
-0.02488773874938488,
-0.23198345303535461,
-0.6761835813522339,
0.2790794372558594,
-0.026840928941965103,
0.15020017325878143,
-0.9381582140922546,
0.13658177852630615,
-0.016443632543087006,
-0.49065902829170227,
-0.2895391881465912,
0.22424066066741943,
0.03753582388162613,
-0.1462756246328354,
0.7651585340499878,
0.5895479917526245,
0.2737576365470886,
0.456481397151947,
0.03392200544476509,
0.47119036316871643,
-0.16376669704914093,
0.16073109209537506,
0.18857699632644653,
-0.0640120729804039,
0.5548526644706726,
-0.7194153070449829,
0.5931552648544312,
-0.06892101466655731,
0.5170271992683411,
-0.3718840777873993,
0.37756308913230896,
-0.45377317070961,
-0.09935043752193451,
0.4907023310661316,
-0.36822378635406494,
-0.24859619140625,
0.02470654994249344,
0.4476833641529083,
-0.5057181715965271,
0.1316550374031067,
0.31311413645744324,
-0.16691623628139496,
-0.6860650181770325,
-0.08853493630886078,
-0.3129125237464905,
-0.9495627284049988,
0.45948728919029236,
0.2842108905315399,
-0.9977198243141174,
0.10050489008426666,
-0.07217956334352493,
-0.3932047188282013,
-0.9439640045166016,
-0.19772222638130188,
1.3033746480941772,
0.30422770977020264,
-0.253017395734787,
0.11363046616315842,
0.11694358289241791,
-0.13304612040519714,
0.6192272901535034,
0.5277864336967468,
0.682174026966095,
-0.9974395036697388,
-0.9437950849533081,
-0.7297955751419067,
0.1920325756072998,
-0.21647337079048157,
-0.19339197874069214,
0.1456902176141739,
-0.16659577190876007,
0.25889015197753906,
0.360628604888916,
0.5020419359207153,
-0.44937992095947266,
0.9484580159187317,
-0.13566382229328156
]
|
123495 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectral%20theorem | Spectral theorem | In mathematics, particularly linear algebra and functional analysis, a spectral theorem is a result about when a linear operator or matrix can be diagonalized (that is, represented as a diagonal matrix in some basis). This is extremely useful because computations involving a diagonalizable matrix can often be reduced to much simpler computations involving the corresponding diagonal matrix. The concept of diagonalization is relatively straightforward for operators on finite-dimensional vector spaces but requires some modification for operators on infinite-dimensional spaces. In general, the spectral theorem identifies a class of linear operators that can be modeled by multiplication operators, which are as simple as one can hope to find. In more abstract language, the spectral theorem is a statement about commutative C*-algebras. See also spectral theory for a historical perspective.
Examples of operators to which the spectral theorem applies are self-adjoint operators or more generally normal operators on Hilbert spaces.
The spectral theorem also provides a canonical decomposition, called the spectral decomposition, of the underlying vector space on which the operator acts.
Augustin-Louis Cauchy proved the spectral theorem for symmetric matrices, i.e., that every real, symmetric matrix is diagonalizable. In addition, Cauchy was the first to be systematic about determinants. The spectral theorem as generalized by John von Neumann is today perhaps the most important result of operator theory.
This article mainly focuses on the simplest kind of spectral theorem, that for a self-adjoint operator on a Hilbert space. However, as noted above, the spectral theorem also holds for normal operators on a Hilbert space.
Finite-dimensional case
Hermitian maps and Hermitian matrices
We begin by considering a Hermitian matrix on (but the following discussion will be adaptable to the more restrictive case of symmetric matrices on ). We consider a Hermitian map on a finite-dimensional complex inner product space endowed with a positive definite sesquilinear inner product . The Hermitian condition on means that for all ,
An equivalent condition is that , where is the Hermitian conjugate of . In the case that is identified with a Hermitian matrix, the matrix of can be identified with its conjugate transpose. (If is a real matrix, then this is equivalent to , that is, is a symmetric matrix.)
This condition implies that all eigenvalues of a Hermitian map are real: it is enough to apply it to the case when is an eigenvector. (Recall that an eigenvector of a linear map is a (non-zero) vector such that for some scalar . The value is the corresponding eigenvalue. Moreover, the eigenvalues are roots of the characteristic polynomial.)
Theorem. If is Hermitian, then there exists an orthonormal basis of consisting of eigenvectors of . Each eigenvalue is real.
We provide a sketch of a proof for the case where the underlying field of scalars is the complex numbers.
By the fundamental theorem of algebra, applied to the characteristic polynomial of , there is at least one eigenvalue and eigenvector . Then since
we find that is real. Now consider the space , the orthogonal complement of . By Hermiticity, is an invariant subspace of . Applying the same argument to shows that has an eigenvector . Finite induction then finishes the proof.
The spectral theorem holds also for symmetric maps on finite-dimensional real inner product spaces, but the existence of an eigenvector does not follow immediately from the fundamental theorem of algebra. To prove this, consider as a Hermitian matrix and use the fact that all eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix are real.
The matrix representation of in a basis of eigenvectors is diagonal, and by the construction the proof gives a basis of mutually orthogonal eigenvectors; by choosing them to be unit vectors one obtains an orthonormal basis of eigenvectors. can be written as a linear combination of pairwise orthogonal projections, called its spectral decomposition. Let
be the eigenspace corresponding to an eigenvalue . Note that the definition does not depend on any choice of specific eigenvectors. is the orthogonal direct sum of the spaces where the index ranges over eigenvalues.
In other words, if denotes the orthogonal projection onto , and are the eigenvalues of , then the spectral decomposition may be written as
If the spectral decomposition of A is , then and for any scalar It follows that for any polynomial one has
The spectral decomposition is a special case of both the Schur decomposition and the singular value decomposition.
Normal matrices
The spectral theorem extends to a more general class of matrices. Let be an operator on a finite-dimensional inner product space. is said to be normal if . One can show that is normal if and only if it is unitarily diagonalizable. Proof: By the Schur decomposition, we can write any matrix as , where is unitary and is upper-triangular.
If is normal, then one sees that . Therefore, must be diagonal since a normal upper triangular matrix is diagonal (see normal matrix). The converse is obvious.
In other words, is normal if and only if there exists a unitary matrix such that
where is a diagonal matrix. Then, the entries of the diagonal of are the eigenvalues of . The column vectors of are the eigenvectors of and they are orthonormal. Unlike the Hermitian case, the entries of need not be real.
It's also easy to see that the singular value decomposition of a normal matrix has , since the columns of (right-singular vectors) are eigenvectors of and the columns of (left-singular vectors) are eigenvectors of .
Compact self-adjoint operators
In the more general setting of Hilbert spaces, which may have an infinite dimension, the statement of the spectral theorem for compact self-adjoint operators is virtually the same as in the finite-dimensional case.
Theorem. Suppose is a compact self-adjoint operator on a (real or complex) Hilbert space . Then there is an orthonormal basis of consisting of eigenvectors of . Each eigenvalue is real.
As for Hermitian matrices, the key point is to prove the existence of at least one nonzero eigenvector. One cannot rely on determinants to show existence of eigenvalues, but one can use a maximization argument analogous to the variational characterization of eigenvalues.
If the compactness assumption is removed, then it is not true that every self-adjoint operator has eigenvectors.
Bounded self-adjoint operators
Possible absence of eigenvectors
The next generalization we consider is that of bounded self-adjoint operators on a Hilbert space. Such operators may have no eigenvalues: for instance let be the operator of multiplication by on , that is,
This operator does not have any eigenvectors in , though it does have eigenvectors in a larger space. Namely the distribution , where is the Dirac delta function, is an eigenvector when construed in an appropriate sense. The Dirac delta function is however not a function in the classical sense and does not lie in the Hilbert space or any other Banach space. Thus, the delta-functions are "generalized eigenvectors" of but not eigenvectors in the usual sense.
Spectral subspaces and projection-valued measures
In the absence of (true) eigenvectors, one can look for subspaces consisting of almost eigenvectors. In the above example, for example, where we might consider the subspace of functions supported on a small interval inside . This space is invariant under and for any in this subspace, is very close to . In this approach to the spectral theorem, if is a bounded self-adjoint operator, then one looks for large families of such "spectral subspaces". Each subspace, in turn, is encoded by the associated projection operator, and the collection of all the subspaces is then represented by a projection-valued measure.
One formulation of the spectral theorem expresses the operator as an integral of the coordinate function over the operator's spectrum with respect to a projection-valued measure.
When the self-adjoint operator in question is compact, this version of the spectral theorem reduces to something similar to the finite-dimensional spectral theorem above, except that the operator is expressed as a finite or countably infinite linear combination of projections, that is, the measure consists only of atoms.
Multiplication operator version
An alternative formulation of the spectral theorem says that every bounded self-adjoint operator is unitarily equivalent to a multiplication operator. The significance of this result is that multiplication operators are in many ways easy to understand.
The spectral theorem is the beginning of the vast research area of functional analysis called operator theory; see also the spectral measure.
There is also an analogous spectral theorem for bounded normal operators on Hilbert spaces. The only difference in the conclusion is that now may be complex-valued.
Direct integrals
There is also a formulation of the spectral theorem in terms of direct integrals. It is similar to the multiplication-operator formulation, but more canonical.
Let be a bounded self-adjoint operator and let be the spectrum of . The direct-integral formulation of the spectral theorem associates two quantities to . First, a measure on , and second, a family of Hilbert spaces We then form the direct integral Hilbert space
The elements of this space are functions (or "sections") such that for all .
The direct-integral version of the spectral theorem may be expressed as follows:
The spaces can be thought of as something like "eigenspaces" for . Note, however, that unless the one-element set has positive measure, the space is not actually a subspace of the direct integral. Thus, the 's should be thought of as "generalized eigenspace"—that is, the elements of are "eigenvectors" that do not actually belong to the Hilbert space.
Although both the multiplication-operator and direct integral formulations of the spectral theorem express a self-adjoint operator as unitarily equivalent to a multiplication operator, the direct integral approach is more canonical. First, the set over which the direct integral takes place (the spectrum of the operator) is canonical. Second, the function we are multiplying by is canonical in the direct-integral approach: Simply the function .
Cyclic vectors and simple spectrum
A vector is called a cyclic vector for if the vectors span a dense subspace of the Hilbert space. Suppose is a bounded self-adjoint operator for which a cyclic vector exists. In that case, there is no distinction between the direct-integral and multiplication-operator formulations of the spectral theorem. Indeed, in that case, there is a measure on the spectrum of such that is unitarily equivalent to the "multiplication by " operator on . This result represents simultaneously as a multiplication operator and as a direct integral, since is just a direct integral in which each Hilbert space is just .
Not every bounded self-adjoint operator admits a cyclic vector; indeed, by the uniqueness in the direct integral decomposition, this can occur only when all the 's have dimension one. When this happens, we say that has "simple spectrum" in the sense of spectral multiplicity theory. That is, a bounded self-adjoint operator that admits a cyclic vector should be thought of as the infinite-dimensional generalization of a self-adjoint matrix with distinct eigenvalues (i.e., each eigenvalue has multiplicity one).
Although not every admits a cyclic vector, it is easy to see that we can decompose the Hilbert space as a direct sum of invariant subspaces on which has a cyclic vector. This observation is the key to the proofs of the multiplication-operator and direct-integral forms of the spectral theorem.
Functional calculus
One important application of the spectral theorem (in whatever form) is the idea of defining a functional calculus. That is, given a function defined on the spectrum of , we wish to define an operator . If is simply a positive power, , then is just the power of , . The interesting cases are where is a nonpolynomial function such as a square root or an exponential. Either of the versions of the spectral theorem provides such a functional calculus. In the direct-integral version, for example, acts as the "multiplication by " operator in the direct integral:
.
That is to say, each space in the direct integral is a (generalized) eigenspace for with eigenvalue .
General self-adjoint operators
Many important linear operators which occur in analysis, such as differential operators, are unbounded. There is also a spectral theorem for self-adjoint operators that applies in these cases. To give an example, every constant-coefficient differential operator is unitarily equivalent to a multiplication operator. Indeed, the unitary operator that implements this equivalence is the Fourier transform; the multiplication operator is a type of Fourier multiplier.
In general, spectral theorem for self-adjoint operators may take several equivalent forms. Notably, all of the formulations given in the previous section for bounded self-adjoint operators—the projection-valued measure version, the multiplication-operator version, and the direct-integral version—continue to hold for unbounded self-adjoint operators, with small technical modifications to deal with domain issues.
See also
Spectral theory of compact operators
Spectral theory of normal C*-algebras
Borel functional calculus
Spectral theory
Matrix decomposition
Canonical form
Jordan decomposition, of which the spectral decomposition is a special case.
Singular value decomposition, a generalisation of spectral theorem to arbitrary matrices.
Eigendecomposition of a matrix
Wiener–Khinchin theorem
Notes
References
Sheldon Axler, Linear Algebra Done Right, Springer Verlag, 1997
Paul Halmos, "What Does the Spectral Theorem Say?", American Mathematical Monthly, volume 70, number 3 (1963), pages 241–247 Other link
M. Reed and B. Simon, Methods of Mathematical Physics, vols I–IV, Academic Press 1972.
G. Teschl, Mathematical Methods in Quantum Mechanics with Applications to Schrödinger Operators, https://www.mat.univie.ac.at/~gerald/ftp/book-schroe/, American Mathematical Society, 2009.
Linear algebra
Matrix theory
Singular value decomposition
Theorems in functional analysis
Theorems in linear algebra | [
-0.07900265604257584,
-0.44724345207214355,
-0.26780635118484497,
-0.033647969365119934,
-0.21388483047485352,
-0.20504184067249298,
-0.06846687197685242,
-0.300322026014328,
0.44336214661598206,
-0.7328655123710632,
-0.42662838101387024,
0.21785025298595428,
-0.4585966467857361,
-0.055754538625478745,
-0.25827300548553467,
0.4929998219013214,
0.5024673938751221,
0.5402171015739441,
-0.4824078679084778,
-0.5100744366645813,
0.34419965744018555,
0.7935543656349182,
0.09701412171125412,
-0.22980140149593353,
0.3226291239261627,
-0.1194799542427063,
0.10023516416549683,
0.01216296385973692,
0.1563774198293686,
0.6640011072158813,
-0.14607079327106476,
0.40429607033729553,
0.032103583216667175,
0.16726037859916687,
0.6106649041175842,
0.4719993770122528,
0.2685777246952057,
-0.05672947317361832,
0.17676235735416412,
0.14025913178920746,
0.37585073709487915,
-0.23024827241897583,
0.47363296151161194,
0.22568055987358093,
-0.3148738145828247,
-0.8233558535575867,
-1.6190603971481323,
0.09629432111978531,
0.05328718572854996,
-0.41330432891845703,
-0.16058453917503357,
0.07284047454595566,
-0.015187273733317852,
0.8333009481430054,
-0.5266221761703491,
0.6988085508346558,
-0.2147044837474823,
-0.3688495457172394,
0.7992725372314453,
-0.002541906200349331,
0.399574875831604,
-0.17666077613830566,
-0.2789042890071869,
-0.030894482508301735,
-0.003256650874391198,
0.8233755230903625,
-0.24794653058052063,
-0.07329217344522476,
-0.6075877547264099,
-0.8872065544128418,
-0.001133843557909131,
-0.3391316533088684,
-0.3734988868236542,
0.3342891335487366,
-0.4363185167312622,
-0.01784369722008705,
-0.046190790832042694,
0.21969932317733765,
-0.29499322175979614,
0.011140048503875732,
-0.21926753222942352,
0.6004301309585571,
0.2608802020549774,
0.006488039158284664,
0.22706010937690735,
0.2131541669368744,
-0.6734611988067627,
0.6288217306137085,
-0.712114691734314,
0.20211191475391388,
0.25770556926727295,
-0.616882860660553,
0.39054208993911743,
0.22369854152202606,
0.01915433630347252,
0.943371593952179,
0.08490245044231415,
-0.26798102259635925,
0.5889983773231506,
-0.030478235334157944,
-0.3306235074996948,
-0.33220067620277405,
0.002472048159688711,
-0.44840288162231445,
-0.5123149156570435,
-0.6342368125915527,
-0.12439332902431488,
0.14305700361728668,
-0.14224722981452942,
0.05355311557650566,
-1.0457048416137695,
0.32203561067581177,
0.7006093859672546,
-0.41536960005760193,
-0.2539089024066925,
0.3891429603099823,
0.10146539658308029,
0.29497867822647095,
-0.6155482530593872,
0.6659519076347351,
-0.09028052538633347,
0.5387187600135803,
-0.1463204026222229,
0.5075527429580688,
-0.2521584630012512,
0.24350537359714508,
0.7405920624732971,
1.3631898164749146,
-0.9672600030899048,
-0.10781971365213394,
0.03350366652011871,
0.5959154367446899,
0.5337070822715759,
0.5460453033447266,
-0.13569411635398865,
-0.5788271427154541,
-0.39361074566841125,
-0.6177239418029785,
-0.6713258624076843,
0.021071745082736015,
-0.3327731192111969,
-0.36654290556907654,
-0.13700395822525024,
-0.19832396507263184,
0.3404828608036041,
-0.502869725227356,
0.06017114594578743,
-0.44347360730171204,
-0.022206278517842293,
-0.09748527407646179,
0.1414201259613037,
0.22504545748233795,
-0.6727098226547241,
0.0004632404015865177,
-0.5660637617111206,
0.07476916164159775,
0.07249366492033005,
0.038626205176115036,
-0.1798691749572754,
0.4622032046318054,
-0.18044127523899078,
-0.2423449605703354,
-0.3833700120449066,
-0.47480449080467224,
0.14959420263767242,
-0.7883341908454895,
0.9848347902297974,
0.20529037714004517,
0.09862550348043442,
0.3443050980567932,
-0.26509037613868713,
-0.6328901052474976,
-0.0367838591337204,
0.03143632784485817,
0.12219177931547165,
-0.03030037321150303,
0.3221490681171417,
-0.10999605059623718,
0.5205721259117126,
-0.08954574167728424,
-1.0787208080291748,
0.0881192684173584,
0.35801050066947937,
-0.32972022891044617,
0.07828766852617264,
0.3098156154155731,
0.4149860739707947,
0.12226651608943939,
0.07010376453399658,
-0.34688156843185425,
-0.43896326422691345,
-0.15748396515846252,
-0.016890762373805046,
-0.9130653738975525,
1.225441575050354,
0.1304679960012436,
-0.8467581868171692,
0.42065858840942383,
-0.6699293255805969,
0.22192920744419098,
0.16331258416175842,
-0.2363806515932083,
0.7914628982543945,
0.3510481119155884,
0.09060008078813553,
0.40119725465774536,
-0.015161898918449879,
0.044175885617733,
-0.7082465291023254,
0.7473358511924744,
0.5643271803855896,
-0.0991419330239296,
0.4091559052467346,
0.3442038893699646,
0.39734673500061035,
-0.01072404533624649,
-0.5612018704414368,
0.02877749316394329,
0.4130731523036957,
0.09880031645298004,
0.8990728259086609,
-0.1070733442902565,
-0.14752793312072754,
0.08048082143068314,
0.3601338863372803,
0.6941285729408264,
0.7836187481880188,
0.7580427527427673,
0.7917580008506775,
-0.38960105180740356,
-0.6348941326141357,
-0.3474733531475067,
0.3946249783039093,
0.06954631209373474,
-0.46197131276130676,
0.24441556632518768,
0.6926188468933105,
-0.33606061339378357,
0.10871528834104538,
-0.5282240509986877,
0.14020079374313354,
0.23255404829978943,
-0.2211068719625473,
-0.3767114579677582,
-0.03520139679312706,
-0.4128703773021698,
-0.5347262620925903,
0.033252667635679245,
0.10240810364484787,
-0.1950310319662094,
-0.30895182490348816,
0.4907815456390381,
-0.13571445643901825,
-0.8511471152305603,
-0.0743812546133995,
0.263778418302536,
0.18420228362083435,
-0.2687031626701355,
0.5754345059394836,
0.43850985169410706,
0.13201260566711426,
-0.1766374558210373,
0.24238614737987518,
-0.7564122080802917,
-0.5143873691558838,
-0.20148520171642303,
-0.7359909415245056,
-0.17601138353347778,
0.8738241195678711,
0.3050077557563782,
0.7084043025970459,
-0.7409788370132446,
-0.44259750843048096,
0.3534047603607178,
-0.9745182991027832,
-1.2210599184036255,
-0.0020741496700793505,
0.4483680725097656,
-1.1666440963745117,
-0.2312190979719162,
0.3471575677394867,
0.6121902465820312,
0.1083584874868393,
0.30832749605178833,
-0.6613062620162964,
-0.045528583228588104,
0.06079922243952751,
-0.25134849548339844,
0.17701499164104462,
-0.3059040606021881,
-0.6328526139259338,
0.4275047183036804,
-0.08632354438304901,
-0.33219555020332336,
0.14273032546043396,
0.6845205426216125,
-0.0004883488873019814,
-0.35059672594070435,
0.2669592499732971,
-0.1463281214237213,
-0.7400147318840027,
0.08034679293632507,
0.005618970841169357,
-0.1048482283949852,
-0.17147110402584076,
-0.08727014064788818,
-0.4186035692691803,
0.901602029800415,
-5.324512481689453,
0.08585087209939957,
0.0065900832414627075,
0.07289772480726242,
0.13165949285030365,
0.21295680105686188,
0.10263048857450485,
0.019950060173869133,
-0.07334421575069427,
-0.22054649889469147,
-0.11638634651899338,
-0.12215132266283035,
-0.6577765941619873,
0.6692761778831482,
0.1422932893037796,
-0.3989003598690033,
0.1719614416360855,
-0.17611782252788544,
0.3483509123325348,
0.46234750747680664,
-0.07679218053817749,
-0.5379784107208252,
-0.23584315180778503,
0.44892364740371704,
-0.28301864862442017,
0.5181078910827637,
-0.13263331353664398,
0.8767812848091125,
-0.37033611536026,
-0.6347030997276306,
-0.3894619047641754,
-0.331811785697937,
-0.10895127058029175,
0.03055010549724102,
0.022653166204690933,
0.5347090363502502,
0.4135969281196594,
-0.4215517044067383,
-0.012130523100495338,
-0.6158421635627747,
0.06376506388187408,
0.8342434763908386,
-0.33677929639816284,
-0.03565171733498573,
0.5366508960723877,
-0.06794029474258423,
-0.03993995860219002,
0.20044037699699402,
-0.3453502357006073,
0.600400447845459,
-0.19401420652866364,
0.09336131811141968,
0.09806399792432785,
0.1025787889957428,
-0.06036534905433655,
0.07132173329591751,
0.09051913022994995,
-0.11802732944488525,
-0.2555409073829651,
0.6137648820877075,
0.2927534580230713,
-0.747999370098114,
0.27826476097106934,
-0.4218832850456238,
-0.7661937475204468,
0.21473565697669983,
-0.7835181355476379,
-0.4484785497188568,
0.26409876346588135,
0.044887725263834,
-0.2678482234477997,
0.46021533012390137,
0.038375191390514374,
-0.4525764584541321,
0.1939222514629364,
-0.5964249968528748,
0.24689440429210663,
-0.26062697172164917,
0.02040538378059864,
0.40283289551734924,
-0.3646591603755951,
-0.6203228831291199,
-0.04468538984656334,
0.15286634862422943,
0.11512484401464462,
0.024077720940113068,
-0.03614332526922226,
0.1465514898300171,
-0.1346435397863388,
-0.37630948424339294,
0.5587009787559509,
-0.042829956859350204,
0.4719638526439667,
0.6515849232673645,
0.3882332742214203,
0.3225357234477997,
0.4222325086593628,
0.10441454499959946,
0.6026094555854797,
-0.2982367277145386,
0.7831674218177795,
-0.1670931726694107,
0.06321784853935242,
-0.3666282892227173,
-0.23955945670604706,
0.2812516987323761,
-0.9633213877677917,
0.6183031797409058,
0.3317086398601532,
-0.3876490890979767,
-0.413644403219223,
0.11845478415489197,
-0.8559998869895935,
-0.20344288647174835,
0.7532427310943604,
0.19855619966983795,
-0.6121084094047546,
0.00799423549324274,
0.9095665216445923,
0.02150517702102661,
0.10677540302276611,
0.20582228899002075,
0.039934512227773666,
-0.3435107171535492,
0.04174565151333809,
-0.32567209005355835,
-0.109529510140419,
0.6755474805831909,
-0.18250375986099243,
-0.3441822826862335,
0.12764453887939453,
0.7215544581413269,
-0.28926223516464233,
0.5149094462394714,
0.5398358702659607,
-0.5606836080551147,
-0.14684975147247314,
0.26286450028419495,
0.2501676678657532,
-0.11131186038255692,
1.2633426189422607,
0.3161442279815674,
-0.2435997873544693,
-0.5780460238456726,
0.26764780282974243,
-0.11915695667266846,
-0.1394532024860382,
-0.5981841087341309,
-0.8508386015892029,
0.6526713371276855,
0.00012176511518191546,
-0.4624747037887573,
0.40759801864624023,
-0.5577112436294556,
0.49074721336364746,
0.5368542075157166,
0.10490376502275467,
0.42391881346702576,
0.1736263781785965,
-0.7252735495567322,
0.0851457342505455,
0.1890610009431839,
-0.6490879058837891,
-0.2677360773086548,
-0.8734335899353027,
0.010182324796915054,
-1.018644094467163,
-0.17015837132930756,
-0.05313996970653534,
0.4828846752643585,
-0.21405746042728424,
-0.2412014603614807,
-0.036918625235557556,
-0.6030653119087219,
0.2804619073867798,
0.300998330116272,
-0.025811024010181427,
0.30555176734924316,
-0.29121413826942444,
-0.6894103288650513,
0.49821022152900696,
-0.4921269714832306,
-0.4466586112976074,
0.589144229888916,
1.443384051322937,
0.06577913463115692,
0.0344088152050972,
0.1320866048336029,
-0.9601939916610718,
0.05394196882843971,
0.3010375499725342,
-0.16788293421268463,
-0.11588218808174133,
-0.5529444217681885,
-0.1286943405866623,
0.07839377224445343,
0.39515066146850586,
0.15677858889102936,
0.14644131064414978,
-0.42763572931289673,
0.02274143323302269,
0.24552081525325775,
-0.29411235451698303,
0.5620940923690796,
0.12454888224601746,
-0.5032762289047241,
-0.39138638973236084,
0.2885948419570923,
-0.8911501169204712,
0.18555966019630432,
-0.629695475101471,
-0.7264636754989624,
-0.4726901054382324,
-0.525145411491394,
-0.4413520097732544,
0.4330744445323944,
0.26861926913261414,
-0.36917343735694885,
0.026420922949910164,
-0.07921392470598221,
-0.036721181124448776,
-0.6146085262298584,
0.20594365894794464,
0.5239979028701782,
0.3312000036239624,
-0.4259808361530304,
-0.00207079341635108,
-0.586427628993988,
0.5829992294311523,
-0.08723259717226028,
-0.35438236594200134,
-0.17024265229701996,
-0.37849679589271545,
0.16124780476093292,
0.0764039009809494,
-0.6757820248603821,
-0.4181196987628937,
0.5941279530525208,
-0.5693258047103882,
-0.41120046377182007,
0.28908810019493103,
0.4936979413032532,
0.19463743269443512,
-0.5637620687484741,
0.6855515837669373,
0.3717406094074249,
0.5015957951545715,
-0.2582678496837616,
-0.21592870354652405,
0.5328997373580933,
-0.1130620464682579,
0.04531897231936455,
-0.13391968607902527,
0.0025668395683169365,
0.8096449375152588,
0.1840934455394745,
0.26563724875450134,
-0.563916802406311,
0.2658962607383728,
0.2960924208164215,
-0.1989104002714157,
-0.6865256428718567,
-0.2578240931034088,
-0.19422559440135956,
-0.012916909530758858,
0.2370745688676834,
0.04871392250061035,
0.22045879065990448,
0.6360493898391724,
0.062056977301836014,
0.32157471776008606,
-0.6916260719299316,
0.11138410866260529,
0.6723887324333191,
0.0183043722063303,
0.27384069561958313,
-0.08694832026958466,
0.20163188874721527,
-0.537983238697052,
0.08904540538787842,
-0.5940988659858704,
-0.2669728100299835,
-0.10520750284194946,
-0.823228657245636,
0.21197350323200226,
-0.11260554939508438,
0.5807083249092102,
0.5182119011878967,
-0.01817299611866474,
0.4143746793270111,
-0.9174081683158875,
-0.15674296021461487,
-0.40663594007492065,
-0.3857784569263458,
-0.34370172023773193,
0.4635884165763855,
0.3291078805923462,
0.5897390246391296,
-0.3963802754878998,
-0.4348498284816742,
-0.5269892811775208,
0.1478312611579895,
-0.11245810240507126,
-0.34005895256996155,
0.3018432557582855,
0.4054441750049591,
0.2935253381729126,
-0.18364499509334564,
-0.2400876134634018,
0.030985040590167046,
0.13429227471351624,
0.3930731415748596,
-0.11366767436265945,
0.5034059286117554,
0.016061659902334213,
-0.17898379266262054,
0.39345112442970276,
-0.09861168265342712,
0.6140797734260559,
0.42631223797798157,
-0.31930580735206604,
0.4494490921497345,
0.4978790283203125,
-0.5977166891098022,
-1.2564942836761475,
0.6380106806755066,
-0.2341383695602417,
0.4119148254394531,
0.050651464611291885,
0.21658813953399658,
0.4214656949043274,
0.380649596452713,
-0.44602683186531067,
0.4168526530265808,
0.0005776340258307755,
-0.13304688036441803,
0.6976000070571899,
-0.6050534248352051,
0.20002460479736328,
0.12217436730861664,
0.586688220500946,
0.5950638055801392,
-0.3562043607234955,
0.24758929014205933,
0.10262888669967651,
0.38922351598739624,
-0.23695605993270874,
-0.09007386863231659,
-0.2693827450275421,
0.18350817263126373,
0.3069747984409332,
-0.16658549010753632,
0.10955622047185898,
0.08842439949512482,
0.3134111762046814,
0.12950657308101654,
0.32932114601135254,
-0.5541335940361023,
0.03755958750844002,
0.2719314396381378,
0.34942319989204407,
0.2823600769042969,
-0.041790690273046494,
-0.23054729402065277,
-0.611076831817627,
0.1676015406847,
0.5413356423377991,
-0.22497405111789703,
-0.019388778135180473,
-0.3464004397392273,
-0.12075392156839371,
0.8316718339920044,
-0.26749101281166077,
0.11849153786897659,
0.6049427390098572,
-0.36044007539749146,
0.16535747051239014,
0.4143953323364258,
-0.6216820478439331,
-0.04660371318459511,
0.7237241864204407,
0.4557381868362427,
-0.1806364506483078,
-1.0125819444656372,
-0.4004744589328766,
-0.3984140455722809,
-0.09336032718420029,
0.01821526698768139,
0.15514221787452698,
0.02955889329314232,
0.4679880440235138,
-0.4728115200996399,
-0.18347683548927307,
0.0405910387635231,
0.17839331924915314,
0.6824389100074768,
-0.769131064414978,
1.2267160415649414,
0.546281635761261,
-0.3700389564037323,
0.11698250472545624,
-0.21715077757835388,
0.45461368560791016,
0.26309528946876526,
-0.8923570513725281,
0.3247098922729492,
-0.29110777378082275,
0.449379026889801,
-0.5291702747344971,
0.06260301917791367,
0.41042429208755493,
-0.23539048433303833,
-0.1285637766122818,
0.18232205510139465,
0.07297680526971817,
-0.11636528372764587,
0.4577508866786957,
-0.13309086859226227,
-0.10164954513311386,
-0.035818248987197876,
-0.08606255054473877,
-0.08469000458717346,
0.2577338218688965,
0.1757434755563736,
0.0770227462053299,
0.18518221378326416,
0.4655765891075134,
-0.09187240898609161,
0.0472981221973896,
0.31466737389564514,
-0.33573803305625916,
0.03251773864030838,
-0.9067873954772949,
0.6004968285560608,
0.01366978045552969,
-0.6252644062042236,
0.2518870234489441,
-0.22541674971580505,
0.5037832260131836,
-0.8338084816932678,
-0.18825964629650116,
0.02622953988611698,
-0.6092050075531006,
0.8222806453704834,
-0.25984522700309753,
1.0217527151107788,
-0.3205219805240631,
-0.666467010974884,
-0.19205805659294128,
0.5496184825897217,
0.381986528635025,
-0.25184106826782227,
0.014576280489563942,
-0.115839883685112,
-0.5860104560852051,
0.7064167857170105,
0.40290671586990356,
-0.5936863422393799,
-0.6076968312263489,
0.23372282087802887
]
|
123497 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremelo | Tremelo | Tremelo () is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant, in Flanders. The municipality comprises the towns of Baal and Tremelo proper. On January 1, 2006, Tremelo had a total population of 13,725. The total area is 21.57 km² (5330 acres) which gives a population density of 636 inhabitants per km² (1647 per sq. mi.).
Located in the arrondissement or administrative district of Leuven, the official language is Dutch. Tremelo is most famous for having been the hometown of Father Damien, SS.CC. whom Pope Benedict XVI canonized on October 11, 2009, as Saint Damien of Molokai. Father Damien is locally known as Pater Damiaan, and was a legendary martyr of charity who had tended to the lepers in the Hawaiian Islands.
References
External links
Official website - Only available in Dutch
Municipalities of Flemish Brabant | [
-0.1909104436635971,
-0.2597135007381439,
0.07964759320020676,
-0.07539340108633041,
0.12985242903232574,
0.805554211139679,
0.09586235880851746,
0.3354302942752838,
-0.9341465830802917,
-0.20638130605220795,
0.4496922492980957,
0.07542911171913147,
0.3069993555545807,
0.6050813794136047,
-0.7516809701919556,
0.5193607807159424,
0.8387200236320496,
-0.13106824457645416,
0.580863356590271,
-1.375797986984253,
0.17784269154071808,
-0.6626470685005188,
-0.07500320672988892,
0.23393256962299347,
-0.282651424407959,
-0.1029408648610115,
0.10222724825143814,
0.5431897640228271,
0.7140763998031616,
-0.2216864973306656,
-0.1937905251979828,
0.3655906617641449,
-0.23934602737426758,
-0.12254080176353455,
0.18507610261440277,
0.36900994181632996,
0.046884164214134216,
-0.5619949102401733,
-0.06982416659593582,
-0.5856495499610901,
-0.11836595833301544,
0.3009679913520813,
-0.5967141389846802,
-0.09522438049316406,
-0.460257887840271,
-0.5627322196960449,
-1.0487242937088013,
0.1024814248085022,
-1.1346791982650757,
-0.010275613516569138,
-0.5419171452522278,
-0.21381837129592896,
0.26210781931877136,
0.37937530875205994,
0.1844642609357834,
-0.03147067874670029,
-1.020628809928894,
0.153005912899971,
0.9027767777442932,
0.15227289497852325,
-0.1490067094564438,
0.08990585803985596,
-0.3954169750213623,
-0.20038358867168427,
-0.2242383509874344,
-0.2085815817117691,
-0.2571789622306824,
0.15937699377536774,
0.020343221724033356,
-0.4865945875644684,
-0.003788058878853917,
-0.10930650681257248,
-0.11269478499889374,
-0.6767846941947937,
0.539146900177002,
0.3385973870754242,
-0.49095436930656433,
-0.4159429967403412,
-0.10021577775478363,
0.39573970437049866,
-0.06155548244714737,
-0.5251718759536743,
1.147862195968628,
-0.14471445977687836,
0.43142983317375183,
0.8034265637397766,
-0.24284210801124573,
-0.14998000860214233,
-0.4957672655582428,
0.3082126975059509,
-0.28458377718925476,
-0.2614215016365051,
-0.3717193603515625,
-0.45572733879089355,
0.053972192108631134,
-0.03961589187383652,
-0.05150498077273369,
0.5168225169181824,
-0.011747676879167557,
1.011290431022644,
-0.17885446548461914,
0.03226218372583389,
0.17041076719760895,
0.19918470084667206,
-0.9009919762611389,
-0.15080080926418304,
0.11271483451128006,
-0.4774659276008606,
0.11857946217060089,
-0.8825486302375793,
-0.33078768849372864,
0.7870019674301147,
0.024932606145739555,
-0.22419503331184387,
0.26049870252609253,
0.44106319546699524,
0.5443236231803894,
0.5715296268463135,
-0.7125108242034912,
0.542526125907898,
0.18994924426078796,
0.9990981817245483,
0.21487906575202942,
0.1465131640434265,
-0.3051230311393738,
0.01154182106256485,
-0.15367192029953003,
0.46692147850990295,
-0.43801701068878174,
0.09150483459234238,
1.0831855535507202,
1.0743563175201416,
-0.9958599209785461,
0.1992313116788864,
-0.15848734974861145,
0.31834837794303894,
0.3661979138851166,
1.0746537446975708,
0.4013853967189789,
0.4085344970226288,
-1.0543407201766968,
0.4991118311882019,
-1.1155922412872314,
0.02630319446325302,
-0.042589690536260605,
-0.460397869348526,
-0.22909767925739288,
-0.36220842599868774,
0.05603775754570961,
-0.4062822461128235,
-0.1042967289686203,
0.2183205485343933,
0.04109155386686325,
0.736186683177948,
-0.6046419143676758,
0.4841410517692566,
0.42094117403030396,
0.15927885472774506,
-0.038780029863119125,
0.37516430020332336,
0.15538783371448517,
-0.4991052746772766,
0.5777361392974854,
-0.10294407606124878,
0.2756502628326416,
-0.2036355882883072,
-0.16078756749629974,
-0.01582380197942257,
0.8107869625091553,
0.5039960145950317,
-0.6192845702171326,
-0.038088347762823105,
0.6852101683616638,
-0.0038186064921319485,
-0.08000478893518448,
-0.438267320394516,
0.6801027059555054,
0.2406972199678421,
0.3534863293170929,
0.07840000092983246,
-0.7097957730293274,
0.37202775478363037,
0.09739076346158981,
-0.24146242439746857,
0.38701629638671875,
0.8139034509658813,
0.5529117584228516,
-0.2575150430202484,
-0.467448353767395,
0.43344560265541077,
0.31037357449531555,
-0.7501582503318787,
0.7936786413192749,
0.15696386992931366,
0.7436226010322571,
0.3570580780506134,
-0.08138936012983322,
0.3914089500904083,
-0.10904844105243683,
0.31208035349845886,
-0.4375174343585968,
-0.1360539197921753,
0.41524845361709595,
-0.13247446715831757,
-0.2515803277492523,
1.248284935951233,
-0.15688899159431458,
-0.2249593436717987,
-0.05981210246682167,
0.9742923378944397,
-0.34218117594718933,
-0.005912492051720619,
0.04658929631114006,
-0.09417643398046494,
0.05892542004585266,
-0.7189802527427673,
0.1342521458864212,
0.11711613833904266,
0.12587754428386688,
0.020174048840999603,
0.3593968451023102,
0.03297904506325722,
-0.5638570785522461,
0.14284810423851013,
0.06994301080703735,
0.7082115411758423,
0.6380143761634827,
0.6299719214439392,
0.45297569036483765,
-0.6924264430999756,
-0.44553065299987793,
0.2812062203884125,
0.44853806495666504,
-0.40766698122024536,
0.12836989760398865,
-0.11180263757705688,
0.0432794913649559,
-0.8461543917655945,
0.4209452271461487,
-0.38216251134872437,
-0.16490338742733002,
0.42054784297943115,
-0.040165286511182785,
0.3086249828338623,
0.2280256599187851,
1.293436884880066,
0.0206278245896101,
0.2377413511276245,
-0.3024868071079254,
-0.5087087750434875,
-0.4868459105491638,
0.3856457769870758,
0.22734442353248596,
-0.019223244860768318,
-0.07173221558332443,
-0.4156648516654968,
-0.4524819850921631,
0.012582546100020409,
0.10786725580692291,
0.580353856086731,
-0.15760749578475952,
-0.2493729144334793,
0.08808144181966782,
0.6308587789535522,
0.1648952215909958,
-0.8044537305831909,
-0.4719654321670532,
-0.2674730718135834,
0.17246681451797485,
-0.1608767807483673,
0.15516795217990875,
-0.43678390979766846,
-0.5011538863182068,
-1.1777955293655396,
0.26672041416168213,
0.3242454528808594,
0.05728524178266525,
-0.04741382598876953,
-0.5028445720672607,
-0.2108161747455597,
-0.49961933493614197,
1.0368788242340088,
0.06600505858659744,
-0.6282221674919128,
0.7875341176986694,
0.38698336482048035,
0.209620401263237,
-0.26909857988357544,
-0.08146482706069946,
-0.8888967037200928,
-0.05340376868844032,
-0.16262167692184448,
-0.5094099640846252,
0.46510976552963257,
0.0721665769815445,
-0.4154694974422455,
-0.5618324875831604,
-0.28396984934806824,
0.44837838411331177,
-0.5240498185157776,
-0.4798980951309204,
0.3729306757450104,
0.2739286720752716,
0.28093022108078003,
-0.13931994140148163,
-0.3818129897117615,
0.05099567398428917,
-0.10587508231401443,
-4.62421178817749,
-0.3353990614414215,
0.17717404663562775,
-0.17988444864749908,
-0.19298820197582245,
-1.0254672765731812,
0.10534429550170898,
-0.3556738793849945,
-0.12042693793773651,
0.21402183175086975,
-0.5483940243721008,
-0.7172876000404358,
0.3203314542770386,
1.160709261894226,
1.037994623184204,
0.15015506744384766,
0.607184112071991,
-0.26450252532958984,
0.3105269968509674,
-0.138080894947052,
-0.19002977013587952,
0.3262427747249603,
-0.31297755241394043,
-0.020765382796525955,
0.2409646064043045,
-0.021783195436000824,
0.23411406576633453,
-0.2828024923801422,
-0.9346670508384705,
-0.05690983682870865,
-0.35891228914260864,
-0.05110406130552292,
0.05887772515416145,
0.1423214226961136,
-0.053033746778964996,
-0.09309307485818863,
0.45319217443466187,
0.711887776851654,
0.5490161776542664,
-0.6234787702560425,
0.10200805962085724,
0.48439979553222656,
-0.010459156706929207,
-0.39659208059310913,
0.017084240913391113,
-0.46070587635040283,
-0.8482873439788818,
-0.37719976902008057,
-0.13666372001171112,
1.2337725162506104,
0.3563496470451355,
-0.6574760675430298,
1.3367681503295898,
-0.0037627415731549263,
0.8566412329673767,
-0.7142245173454285,
0.06068515405058861,
-0.25201699137687683,
-0.036059655249118805,
1.0925737619400024,
0.474292129278183,
-0.23933202028274536,
0.024926597252488136,
-0.7236078977584839,
-0.34001800417900085,
-0.6653316020965576,
0.5324523448944092,
0.06380283087491989,
0.2962232828140259,
-0.13964058458805084,
-0.19511914253234863,
0.3384265601634979,
-0.5056028962135315,
-0.890813410282135,
0.0020271334797143936,
0.08700476586818695,
-0.6278620958328247,
-0.44512835144996643,
0.1148955449461937,
-0.1955324113368988,
-0.08038369566202164,
-0.775262176990509,
-0.09320370852947235,
0.5538674592971802,
-0.11056582629680634,
-0.3582839369773865,
-0.03732229396700859,
-0.279888391494751,
-0.24554462730884552,
-0.5752452611923218,
0.27185386419296265,
0.12480627000331879,
0.19570110738277435,
0.22428934276103973,
-0.6171091198921204,
1.0504344701766968,
0.22834733128547668,
-0.27893611788749695,
0.15413658320903778,
-0.48116329312324524,
0.17178967595100403,
-0.6456447243690491,
0.1314060091972351,
-0.3475154936313629,
-0.6301417350769043,
-0.049735166132450104,
0.07601480931043625,
0.40302059054374695,
0.4511132538318634,
-0.15527121722698212,
0.4058830738067627,
0.703827440738678,
-0.4513338804244995,
-0.6529666185379028,
0.9070010185241699,
-0.43287718296051025,
-0.4553546607494354,
0.3900447189807892,
-0.1808864027261734,
0.5888509154319763,
0.28557801246643066,
0.849213182926178,
0.1240716278553009,
-0.08709925413131714,
-0.17963142693042755,
-0.06326907873153687,
0.33826497197151184,
0.46790820360183716,
-0.3935953676700592,
0.25611412525177,
-0.5758187174797058,
-0.3004112243652344,
-0.26343297958374023,
-0.5821313261985779,
0.4609459340572357,
-0.9257038831710815,
-0.6638635993003845,
-0.5231519341468811,
-0.19327528774738312,
0.12413967400789261,
0.805025577545166,
-0.6411791443824768,
-0.6310733556747437,
0.11344318091869354,
-0.7462967038154602,
-0.1769430935382843,
0.5686047673225403,
-0.21490421891212463,
-0.8958242535591125,
-0.02907215617597103,
-0.300931841135025,
0.08872040361166,
0.3310808837413788,
-0.5712018609046936,
0.3737906813621521,
-0.07702229171991348,
0.057087477296590805,
0.32387688755989075,
0.8733436465263367,
-0.2504327595233917,
-0.20924422144889832,
-0.31180721521377563,
-1.0575239658355713,
0.688299834728241,
0.612175464630127,
0.2858482599258423,
-0.23461772501468658,
-0.7955441474914551,
-0.6042754650115967,
0.3532918393611908,
0.1950165033340454,
-0.7295792698860168,
-0.7752365469932556,
-0.12160736322402954,
0.05936505272984505,
-0.8994172215461731,
0.11105779558420181,
0.5237990617752075,
-0.4909864366054535,
-0.023197626695036888,
0.35236161947250366,
0.9227928519248962,
-0.031029019504785538,
0.3461924195289612,
0.5951150059700012,
-0.9262998700141907,
-0.3322885036468506,
-0.048313114792108536,
-0.20175985991954803,
-0.3737433850765228,
0.5701524019241333,
0.23928673565387726,
0.47816944122314453,
0.2747001051902771,
-0.43758028745651245,
-0.9250748753547668,
-0.04706462472677231,
-0.035132937133312225,
-0.040752433240413666,
-0.08290386945009232,
-0.136000394821167,
0.36600664258003235,
-0.2589283585548401,
0.5228015780448914,
-0.01453984621912241,
-1.039407730102539,
0.8772878050804138,
0.6698353290557861,
-0.5211446285247803,
-0.17201870679855347,
-1.2416597604751587,
-0.7624303102493286,
0.36065638065338135,
0.6525546312332153,
-0.6578364968299866,
0.11081516742706299,
0.5126014947891235,
0.11206177622079849,
-0.6523954272270203,
0.3569193482398987,
-0.7068456411361694,
-0.19529789686203003,
-0.4020797908306122,
0.08135264366865158,
-0.7168030738830566,
0.09386176615953445,
0.023312460631132126,
-0.35880786180496216,
0.3693268895149231,
0.41678112745285034,
-0.14796510338783264,
-0.3483428955078125,
0.5745299458503723,
0.28163203597068787,
0.255705326795578,
0.1058155819773674,
0.5598078370094299,
0.5521856546401978,
0.5839018225669861,
-0.34135106205940247,
0.18649429082870483,
0.20022428035736084,
0.13848808407783508,
-0.20705091953277588,
0.03806411102414131,
0.3724786043167114,
0.29806339740753174,
-0.15270403027534485,
-0.7320373058319092,
0.45597755908966064,
0.08478232473134995,
0.06617947667837143,
-0.5048868656158447,
0.46360453963279724,
1.418784737586975,
0.58868807554245,
-0.4666871726512909,
0.6750511527061462,
1.0464776754379272,
0.3915441334247589,
0.06449887156486511,
-0.40289539098739624,
-0.038480326533317566,
0.911220371723175,
0.6371194124221802,
-0.3898269832134247,
0.07786402106285095,
-0.8099430203437805,
0.2376612275838852,
-0.06594668328762054,
-0.6057443618774414,
-0.1630849987268448,
-0.35942772030830383,
0.20266006886959076,
0.11769180744886398,
0.03165651485323906,
-0.21621423959732056,
-1.2455692291259766,
0.31807345151901245,
0.04962610825896263,
0.1308131366968155,
0.5057300925254822,
-0.49077078700065613,
0.5372186899185181,
-0.18808919191360474,
-0.0006010945653542876,
-0.8410061597824097,
0.6902567744255066,
-0.5380028486251831,
0.324147492647171,
-0.15145477652549744,
-0.3974868357181549,
-0.17956651747226715,
-0.49009859561920166,
0.7658305168151855,
0.38548344373703003,
-0.03463218733668327,
0.009228799492120743,
-0.26470279693603516,
0.15020644664764404,
-0.763224184513092,
0.12840282917022705,
0.6255286931991577,
-0.041820380836725235,
0.05305161699652672,
0.3694417178630829,
-0.2719974219799042,
0.2562054395675659,
-0.22809766232967377,
0.6832943558692932,
-0.09754081815481186,
-0.3477136194705963,
-0.1295933723449707,
0.6114284992218018,
0.009641680866479874,
0.3168756067752838,
1.225517988204956,
-0.8730032444000244,
-0.7928884625434875,
0.5086678862571716,
0.35100820660591125,
-0.2252534031867981,
0.26287969946861267,
0.6129650473594666,
-0.07382102310657501,
1.5149407386779785,
-0.15347948670387268,
-0.47460970282554626,
0.3663927912712097,
0.24092978239059448,
0.25027036666870117,
0.5766918659210205,
-0.8378952145576477,
0.5438491702079773,
-0.825698733329773,
-0.06076834723353386,
-0.20944258570671082,
0.12061136215925217,
0.2703767716884613,
0.34088483452796936,
-0.038849979639053345,
0.6290301084518433,
-0.13540814816951752,
-0.012690745294094086,
-0.11732667684555054,
0.36997610330581665,
0.27470582723617554,
-0.386586457490921,
0.6644280552864075,
-0.22220861911773682,
0.3061336874961853,
-0.3626287579536438,
0.27138546109199524,
-0.6620674729347229,
-0.2995927631855011,
-0.04060057923197746,
0.5308414697647095,
-0.16471414268016815,
-0.8196839690208435,
-0.3720715641975403,
0.18824411928653717,
-0.4223540425300598,
0.018593650311231613,
-0.27911707758903503,
-0.15768083930015564,
-0.8497997522354126,
0.024545563384890556,
0.5661635398864746,
-0.33329957723617554,
0.9285070300102234,
-0.1530899852514267,
0.1639786809682846,
-0.3343365788459778,
-0.6575905680656433,
0.10888616740703583,
0.43325215578079224,
-0.36035338044166565,
0.41776198148727417,
-0.16538409888744354,
0.6954135894775391,
0.07146360725164413,
0.3947368562221527,
-0.26287955045700073,
0.7244997024536133,
-0.6474654078483582,
-0.5717073678970337,
0.7624027132987976,
-0.0913035050034523,
-0.29243341088294983,
-0.341401070356369,
-0.20385287702083588,
-0.453115850687027,
-0.06708056479692459,
0.2921050488948822,
-0.6799031496047974,
0.03803183510899544,
0.05533551797270775,
0.6439288258552551,
0.3370600640773773,
-0.007329866290092468,
0.022639179602265358,
0.004411526024341583,
-0.4899367690086365,
0.18195843696594238,
0.12109970301389694,
0.24740152060985565,
0.02525545470416546,
0.5601778626441956,
-0.6360569596290588,
0.3477036952972412,
0.6620787978172302,
0.48909664154052734,
0.2513342797756195,
0.5800260305404663,
0.17716865241527557,
0.40053582191467285,
0.19868217408657074,
0.024686533957719803,
-0.14449191093444824,
0.3798666000366211,
-0.0798310786485672,
-0.40416932106018066,
0.4135986268520355,
0.1247643232345581,
0.3288957476615906,
-0.44182881712913513,
-0.5884232521057129,
0.16257339715957642,
-0.22161635756492615,
-0.27090680599212646,
-0.06061544641852379,
-0.38424915075302124,
-0.2918904721736908,
0.12201815098524094,
-0.9736774563789368,
0.06805278360843658,
0.4282933473587036,
0.1563439518213272,
-0.03685785084962845,
-0.08450323343276978,
-0.49475571513175964,
-0.40773916244506836,
-0.15713012218475342,
0.5006636381149292,
-2.918621301651001,
0.6871221661567688,
-0.17744950950145721,
0.4384692311286926,
-0.6783002614974976,
-0.34402087330818176,
0.1515747606754303,
-0.254439115524292,
0.37947994470596313,
-0.510431170463562,
-0.5886810421943665,
-0.053455691784620285,
-0.35916802287101746,
-0.18480761349201202,
0.6547114253044128,
0.02000289037823677
]
|
123498 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senate%20of%20Canada | Senate of Canada | The Senate of Canada () is the upper house of the Parliament of Canada. The Senate is modelled after the British House of Lords and consists of 105 members appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. Seats are assigned on a regional basis: four regions—defined as Ontario, Quebec, the Maritime provinces, and the Western provinces—each receive 24 seats, with the remaining nine seats allocated to the remaining portions of the country: six to Newfoundland and Labrador and one to each of the three northern territories. Senatorial appointments were originally for life; since 1965, they have been subject to a mandatory retirement age of 75.
While the Senate is the upper house of parliament and the House of Commons is the lower house, this does not imply the former is more powerful than the latter. It merely entails that its members and officers outrank the members and officers of the Commons in the order of precedence for the purposes of protocol. As a matter of practice and custom, the Commons is the dominant chamber. The prime minister and Cabinet are responsible solely to the House of Commons and remain in office only so long as they retain the confidence of that chamber. Parliament is composed of the two houses together with the "Crown-in-Parliament" (i.e. the monarch, represented by the governor general as ex officio viceroy).
The approval of both houses is necessary for legislation to become law, and thus the Senate can reject bills passed by the Commons. Between 1867 and 1987, the Senate rejected fewer than two bills per year, but this has increased in more recent years. Although legislation can normally be introduced in either chamber, the majority of government bills originate in the House of Commons, with the Senate acting as the chamber of "sober second thought" (as it was called by John A. Macdonald, Canada's first prime minister).
The Ottawa Senators hockey team owes its name to the Canadian Senate.
History
The Senate came into existence in 1867, when the Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the British North America Act 1867 (BNA Act), uniting the Province of Canada (which was separated into Quebec and Ontario) with Nova Scotia and New Brunswick into a single federation, the Dominion of Canada. The Canadian parliament was based on the Westminster system (that is, the model of the Parliament of the United Kingdom). Canada's first prime minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, described it as a body of "sober second thought" that would curb the "democratic excesses" of the elected House of Commons and provide regional representation. He believed that if the House of Commons properly represented the population, the upper chamber should represent the regions. It was not meant to be more than a revising body or a brake on the House of Commons. Therefore, it was deliberately made an appointed house, since an elected Senate might prove too popular and too powerful and be able to block the will of the House of Commons.
In 2008 the Canadian Heraldic Authority granted the Senate, as an institution, a coat of arms composed of a depiction of the chamber's mace (representing the monarch's authority in the upper chamber) behind the escutcheon of the Arms of Canada.
Senate reform
Discussion of Senate reform dates back to at least 1874, but to date there has been no meaningful change.
In 1927, The Famous Five Canadian women asked the Supreme Court to determine whether women were eligible to become senators. In the Persons Case, the court unanimously held that women could not become senators since they were not "qualified persons". On appeal, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council ruled that women were persons, and four months later, Cairine Wilson was appointed to the senate.
In the 1960s, discussion of reform appeared along with the Quiet Revolution and the rise of Western alienation. The first change to the Senate was in 1965, when a mandatory retirement age of 75 years was set. Appointments made before then were for life.
In the 1970s the emphasis was on increased provincial involvement in the senators' appointments. Since the '70s, there have been at least 28 major proposals for constitutional Senate reform, and all have failed, including the 1987 Meech Lake Accord, and the 1992 Charlottetown Accord.
Starting in the 1980s, proposals were put forward to elect senators. After Parliament enacted the National Energy Program Western Canadians called for a Triple-E (elected, equal, and effective) senate. In 1982 the Senate was given a qualified veto over certain constitutional amendments. In 1987 Alberta legislated for the Alberta Senate nominee elections. Results of the 1989 Alberta Senate nominee election were non-binding.
Following the Canadian Senate expenses scandal Prime Minister Stephen Harper declared a moratorium on further appointments. Harper had advocated for an elected Senate for decades, but his proposals were blocked by a 2014 Supreme Court ruling that requires a constitutional amendment approved by a minimum of seven provinces, whose populations together accounted for at least half of the national population.
In 2014 Liberal leader Justin Trudeau expelled all senators from the Liberal caucus and, as prime minister in 2016, created the Independent Advisory Board for Senate Appointments, both of which were attempts to make the Senate less partisan without requiring constitutional change. Members of the board include members from each jurisdiction where there is a vacancy. The prime minister is not bound to accept the board's recommendation. Some provinces refused to participate, stating that it would make the situation worse by lending the Senate some legitimacy. Since this new appointments process was launched in 2016, 52 new senators, all selected under this procedure, were appointed to fill vacancies. All Canadians may now apply directly for a Senate appointment at any time, or nominate someone they believe meets the merit criteria.
Chamber and offices
The original Senate chamber was lost to the fire that consumed the Parliament Buildings in 1916. The Senate then sat in the mineral room of what is today the Canadian Museum of Nature until 1922, when it relocated to Parliament Hill. With the Centre Block undergoing renovations, temporary chambers have been constructed in the Senate of Canada Building, where the Senate began meeting in 2019.
There are chairs and desks on both sides of the chamber, divided by a centre aisle. A public gallery is above the chamber.
The dais of the Speaker is at one end of the chamber, and includes the new royal thrones, made in part from English walnut from Windsor Great Park.
Outside of Parliament Hill, most senators have offices in the Victoria Building across Wellington Street.
Composition
Qualifications
Senators are appointed by the Governor General of Canada via the recommendation of the prime minister. Traditionally, members of the prime minister's party were chosen. The Constitution requires that a person be a "Subject of the Queen", between 30 and 75 years of age and a resident of the province or territory for which they are appointed, to become a senator. Senators must also own property worth at least $4,000 above their debts and liabilities, a rule introduced to ensure senators were not beholden to economic vagaries and turmoil. There is a mandatory retirement age of 75. A sitting senator is disqualified from holding office if they:
fail to attend two consecutive sessions of the Senate;
become a subject or citizen of a foreign power;
declare bankruptcy;
are convicted of treason or an indictable offence; or
cease to be qualified in respect of property or of residence (except where required to stay in Ottawa because they hold a government office).
Representation
Each province or territory is entitled to a specific number of Senate seats. The Constitution divides Canada into four areas, each with 24 senators: Ontario, Quebec, the Maritimes and Western Canada. Newfoundland and Labrador is represented by six senators. The Northwest Territories, the Yukon and Nunavut are allocated one senator each. Quebec senators are the only ones to be assigned to specific districts within their province. This rule was adopted to ensure that both French- and English-speakers from Quebec were represented appropriately in the Senate.
Like most other upper houses worldwide, the Canadian formula does not use representation by population as a primary criterion for member selection, since this is already done for the House of Commons. Rather, the intent when the formula was struck was to achieve a balance of regional interests and to provide a house of "sober second thought" to check the power of the lower house when necessary. Therefore, the most populous province (Ontario) and two western provinces that were low-population at their accession to the federation and that are within a region are under-represented, while the Maritimes are over-represented. For example, British Columbia, with a population of about five million, sends six senators to Ottawa, whereas Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, both with populations under one million, are entitled to 10 senators each. Only Quebec has a share of senators approximate to its share of the total population.
Senators must possess land worth at least $4,000 and have residency in the province or territory for which they are appointed. In the past, the residency requirement has often been interpreted liberally, with virtually any holding that met the property qualification, including primary residences, second residences, summer homes, investment properties, and undeveloped lots, having been deemed to meet the residency requirement; as long as the senator listed a qualifying property as a residence, no further efforts have typically been undertaken to verify whether they actually resided there in any meaningful way.
Residency has come under increased scrutiny, particularly as several senators have faced allegations of irregularities in their housing expense claims. In 2013, the Senate's internal economy committee required all senators to provide documents proving their residency in the provinces.
There exists a constitutional provision—Section 26 of the Constitution Act, 1867—under which the sovereign may approve the appointment of four or eight extra senators, equally divided among the four regions. The approval is given by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister, and the governor general is instructed to issue the necessary letters patent. This provision has been used only once: in 1990, when Prime Minister Brian Mulroney sought to ensure the passage of a bill creating the Goods and Services Tax (GST). The appointment of eight additional senators allowed a slight majority for the Progressive Conservative Party. There was one unsuccessful attempt to use Section 26, by Prime Minister Alexander Mackenzie in 1874. It was denied by Queen Victoria, on the advice of the British Cabinet. The clause does not result in a permanent increase in the number of Senate seats, however. Instead, an attrition process is applied by which senators leaving office through normal means are not replaced until after their province has returned to its normal number of seats.
Since 1989, the voters of Alberta have elected "senators-in-waiting", or nominees for the province's Senate seats. These elections, however, are not held pursuant to any federal constitutional or legal provision; thus, the prime minister is not required to recommend the nominees for appointment. Only three senators-in-waiting have been appointed to the Senate: the first was Stan Waters, who was appointed in 1990 on the recommendation of Brian Mulroney; the second was Bert Brown, elected a senator-in-waiting in 1998 and 2004, and appointed to the Senate in 2007 on the recommendation of Prime Minister Stephen Harper; and the third was Betty Unger, elected in 2004 and appointed in 2012.
The base annual salary of a senator was $150,600 in 2019, although members may receive additional salaries in right of other offices they hold (for instance, the title of Speaker). Most senators rank immediately above Members of Parliament in the order of precedence, although the Speaker is ranked just above the Speaker of the House of Commons and both are a few ranks higher than the remaining senators.
Current composition
Notes
Vacancies
There is some debate as to whether there is any requirement for the Prime Minister to advise the governor general to appoint new senators to fill vacancies as they arise. Then-Opposition leader Tom Mulcair argued that there is no constitutional requirement to fill vacancies. Constitutional scholar Peter Hogg has commented that the courts "might be tempted to grant a remedy" if the refusal to recommend appointments caused the Senate to be diminished to such a degree that it could not do its work or serve its constitutional function.
Vancouver lawyer Aniz Alani filed an application for judicial review of then-Prime Minister Stephen Harper's apparent refusal to advise the appointment of senators to fill existing vacancies, arguing that the failure to do so violates the Constitution Act, 1867.
On July 24, 2015, Harper announced that he would not be advising the governor general to fill the 22 vacancies in the Senate, preferring that the provinces "come up with a plan of comprehensive reform or to conclude that the only way to deal with the status quo is abolition". He declined to say how long he would allow vacancies to accumulate. Under Canada's constitution, senators are appointed by the governor general on the advice of the Prime Minister. If no such advice is forthcoming, according to constitutional scholar Adam Dodek, in "extreme cases, there is no question that the Governor General would be forced to exercise such power [of appointment] without advice".
On December 5, 2015, the new Liberal government announced a new merit-based appointment process, using specific new criteria as to eligibility for the Senate. Independent applicants, not affiliated with any political party, will be approved by a new five-member advisory board (to be in place by year end), a reform that was intended to begin eliminating the partisan nature of the Senate. At the time, there were 22 vacancies in the Senate. On April 12, 2016, seven new senators were sworn in, including Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's hand-picked Representative of the Government in the Senate, Hon. Peter Harder.
A series of additional appointments were announced for October and November 2016 that would fill all vacancies. Once these senators were summoned, the independent non-aligned senators became more numerous than either of the party caucuses for the first time in the Upper House's history. The independent senator group also grew to include over half the total number of senators.
On December 12, 2018, the four remaining vacancies were filled in Nova Scotia, the Yukon, the Northwest Territories and Ontario. With these appointments, the Senate had a full complement of senators for the first time in over eight years. Since December 2018, additional senators have retired so that the Senate currently has fewer than 105 members again, with 14 vacancies as of February 2022.
Officers
The presiding officer of the Senate is the Speaker, who is appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The Speaker is assisted by a Speaker Pro Tempore ("Current Speaker"), who is elected by the Senate at the beginning of each parliamentary session. If the Speaker is unable to attend, the Speaker Pro Tempore presides instead. Furthermore, the Parliament of Canada Act authorizes the Speaker to appoint another senator to temporarily serve. Muriel McQueen Fergusson was the Parliament of Canada's first female Speaker, holding the office from 1972 to 1974.
The Speaker presides over sittings of the Senate and controls debates by calling on members to speak. Senators may raise a point of order if a rule (or standing order) has been breached, on which the Speaker makes a ruling. However, the Speaker's decisions are subject to appeal to the whole Senate. When presiding, the Speaker remains impartial, while maintaining membership in a political party. Unlike the Speaker of the House of Commons, the Speaker of the Senate does not hold a casting vote, but, instead, retains the right to vote in the same manner as any other. As of the 42nd Parliament, beginning in December 2015, Senator George Furey presides as Speaker of the Senate.
The senator responsible for steering legislation through the Senate is the Representative of the Government in the Senate, who is a senator selected by the prime minister and whose role is to introduce legislation on behalf of the government. The position was created in 2016 to replace the former position of Leader of the Government in the Senate. The opposition equivalent is the Leader of the Opposition in the Senate is selected by the Leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons. However, if the Official Opposition in the Commons is a different party than the Official Opposition in the Senate (as was the case from 2011 to 2015), then the Senate party chooses its own leader.
Officers of the Senate who are not members include the Clerk, the Deputy Clerk, the Law Clerk, and several other clerks. These officers advise the Speaker and members on the rules and procedure of the Senate. Another officer is the Usher of the Black Rod, whose duties include the maintenance of order and security within the Senate chamber. The Usher of the Black Rod bears a ceremonial black ebony staff, from which the title "black rod" arises. This position is roughly analogous to that of Sergeant-at-Arms in the House of Commons, but the Usher's duties are more ceremonial in nature. The responsibility for security and the infrastructure lie with the Director General of Parliamentary Precinct Services.
Committees
The Parliament of Canada uses committees for a variety of purposes. Committees consider bills in detail and can make amendments. Other committees scrutinize various government agencies and ministries.
The largest of the Senate committees is the Committee of the Whole, which, as the name suggests, consists of all senators. The Committee of the Whole meets in the chamber of the Senate, but proceeds under slightly modified rules of debate. (For example, there is no limit on the number of speeches a Member may make on a particular motion.) The presiding officer is known as the chairman. The Senate may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole for a number of purposes, including to consider legislation or to hear testimony from individuals. Nominees to be officers of parliament often appear before Committee of the Whole to answer questions with respect to their qualifications prior to their appointment.
The Senate also has several standing committees, each of which has responsibility for a particular area of government (for example, finance or transport). These committees consider legislation and conduct special studies on issues referred to them by the Senate and may hold hearings, collect evidence, and report their findings to the Senate. Standing committees consist of between nine and fifteen members each and elect their own chairmen.
Special committees are appointed by the Senate on an ad hoc basis to consider a particular issue. The number of members for a special committee varies, but, the partisan composition would roughly reflect the strength of the parties in the whole Senate. These committees have been struck to study bills (e.g., the Special Senate Committee on Bill C-36 (the Anti-terrorism Act), 2001) or particular issues of concern (e.g., the Special Senate Committee on Illegal Drugs).
Other committees include joint committees, which include both members of the House of Commons and senators. There are currently two joint committees: the Standing Joint Committee on the Scrutiny of Regulations, which considers delegated legislation, and the Standing Joint Committee on the Library of Parliament, which advises the two Speakers on the management of the library. Parliament may also establish special joint committees on an ad hoc basis to consider issues of particular interest or importance.
Legislative functions
Although legislation may be introduced in either chamber, most bills originate in the House of Commons. Because the Senate's schedule for debate is more flexible than that of the House of Commons, the government will sometimes introduce particularly complex legislation in the Senate first.
In conformity with the British model, the Senate is not permitted to originate bills imposing taxes or appropriating public funds. Unlike in Britain but similar to the United States, this restriction on the power of the Senate is not merely a matter of convention but is explicitly stated in the Constitution Act, 1867. In addition, the House of Commons may, in effect, override the Senate's refusal to approve an amendment to the Canadian constitution; however, they must wait at least 180 days before exercising this override. Other than these two exceptions, the power of the two Houses of Parliament is theoretically equal; the approval of each is necessary for a bill's passage. In practice, however, the House of Commons is the dominant chamber of parliament, with the Senate very rarely exercising its powers in a manner that opposes the will of the democratically elected chamber. Although the Senate has not vetoed a bill from the House of Commons since 1939, minor changes proposed by the Senate to a bill are usually accepted by the Commons.
The Senate tends to be less partisan and confrontational than the Commons and is more likely to come to a consensus on issues. It also often has more opportunity to study proposed bills in detail either as a whole or in committees. This careful review process is why the Senate is still today called the chamber of "sober second thought", though the term has a slightly different meaning from what it did when used by John A. Macdonald. The format of the Senate allows it to make many small improvements to legislation before its final reading.
The Senate, at times, is more active at reviewing, amending, and even rejecting legislation. In the first 60 years after Confederation, approximately 180 bills were passed by the House of Commons and sent to the Senate that subsequently did not receive Royal Assent, either because they were rejected by the Senate or were passed by the Senate with amendments that were not accepted by the Commons. In contrast, fewer than one-quarter of that number of bills were lost for similar reasons in the sixty-year period from 1928 to 1987. The late 1980s and early 1990s was a period of contention. During this period, the Senate opposed legislation on issues such as the 1988 free trade bill with the US (forcing the Canadian federal election of 1988) and the Goods and Services Tax (GST). In the 1990s, the Senate rejected four pieces of legislation: a bill passed by the Commons restricting abortion (C-43), a proposal to streamline federal agencies (C-93), a bill to redevelop the Lester B. Pearson airport (C-28), and a bill on profiting from authorship as it relates to crime (C-220). From 2000 to 2013, the Senate rejected 75 bills in total.
In December 2010, the Senate rejected Bill C-311, involving greenhouse gas regulation that would have committed Canada to a 25% reduction in emissions by 2020 and an 80% reduction by 2050. The bill was passed by all the parties except the Conservatives in the House of Commons and was rejected by the majority Conservatives in the Senate on a vote of 43 to 32.
Divorce and other private bills
Historically, before the passage of the Divorce Act in 1968, there was no divorce legislation in either Quebec or Newfoundland. The only way for couples to get divorced in these provinces was to apply to the federal parliament for a private bill of divorce. These bills were primarily handled by the Senate, where a special committee would undertake an investigation of a request for a divorce. If the committee found that the request had merit, the marriage would be dissolved by an Act of Parliament. A similar situation existed in Ontario before 1930. This function has not been exercised since 1968 as the Divorce Act provided a uniform statutory basis across Canada accessed through the court system.
However, though increasingly rare, private bills usually commence in the Senate and only upon petition by a private person (natural or legal). In addition to the general stages public bills must go through, private bills also require the Senate to perform some judicial functions to ensure the petitioner's request does not impair rights of other persons.
Investigative functions
The Senate also performs investigative functions. In the 1960s, the Senate authored the first Canadian reports on media concentration with the Special Senate Subcommittee on Mass Media, or the Davey Commission, since "appointed senators would be better insulated from editorial pressure brought by publishers"; this triggered the formation of press councils. More recent investigations include the Kirby Commissions on health care (as opposed to the Romanow Commission) and mental health care by Senator Michael Kirby and the Final Report on the Canadian News Media in 2006.
Relationship with Her Majesty's Government
Unlike the House of Commons, the Senate has no effect in the decision to end the term of the prime minister or of the government. Only the Commons may force prime ministers to tender their resignation or to recommend the dissolution of Parliament and issue election writs, by passing a motion of no-confidence or by withdrawing supply. Thus, the Senate's oversight of the government is limited.
The Senate does however, approve the appointment of certain officials and approves the removal of certain officials, in some cases only for cause, and sometimes in conjunction with the House of Commons, usually as a recommendation from the Governor in Council. Officers in this category include the Auditor General of Canada, and the Senate must join in the resolution to remove the Chief Electoral Officer of Canada.
Most Cabinet ministers are from the House of Commons. In particular, every prime minister has been a member of the House of Commons since 1896, with the exception of John Turner. Typically, the Cabinet includes only one senator: the Leader of the Government in the Senate. Occasionally, when the governing party does not include any members from a particular region, senators are appointed to ministerial positions in order to maintain regional balance in the Cabinet. The most recent example of this was on February 6, 2006, when Stephen Harper advised that Michael Fortier be appointed to serve as both a senator representing the Montreal region, where the minority government had no elected representation, and the Cabinet position of Minister of Public Works and Government Services. Fortier resigned his Senate seat to run (unsuccessfully) for a House of Commons seat in the 2008 general election.
Broadcasting
Unlike the House of Commons, proceedings of the Senate were historically not carried by CPAC, as the upper house long declined to allow its sessions to be televised. On April 25, 2006, Senator Hugh Segal moved that the proceedings of the Senate be televised; the motion was referred to the Senate Standing Committee on Rules, Procedures and the Rights of Parliament for consideration; although the motion was approved in principle, broadcast of Senate proceedings was not actually launched at that time apart from selected committee meetings.
Full broadcast of Senate proceedings began on March 18, 2019, concurrent with the Senate's temporary relocation to the Senate of Canada Building.
See also
Lists of Canadian senators
List of current Canadian senators
Canadian Senate divisions
Canadian Senate seating plan
Procedural officers and senior officials of the parliament of Canada
List of Canadian Senate appointments by prime minister
Canadian Senate Page Program
Canadian Senate expenses scandal
Joint address
References
Further reading
External links
Senate of Canada – official website
Department of Justice. (2004). Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982.
Forsey, Eugene. (2003). "How Canadians Govern Themselves."
The Parliament of Canada. Official Website.
A Legislative and Historical Overview of the Canadian Senate
Government of Canada
Canada
sv:Kanadas parlament#Senaten | [
0.5124567151069641,
0.4109431207180023,
-0.3861349821090698,
0.4210910201072693,
-0.6391867399215698,
0.40333637595176697,
0.31630563735961914,
0.85956871509552,
-0.5740057229995728,
-0.4179370105266571,
-0.1572837382555008,
0.2753725051879883,
-0.07611291110515594,
0.06702206283807755,
0.021434081718325615,
0.3811008930206299,
0.04186699166893959,
0.5266544818878174,
0.5089939832687378,
-0.8135711550712585,
0.02231193333864212,
-0.0502416156232357,
0.4410187602043152,
0.0024583854246884584,
0.39067137241363525,
-0.18030260503292084,
0.6210365891456604,
0.4032916724681854,
-0.8882536888122559,
-0.26777926087379456,
0.12357914447784424,
-0.07556568086147308,
0.19178949296474457,
-0.2142922282218933,
0.42908796668052673,
-0.5624012351036072,
-0.11603274941444397,
-0.6028477549552917,
-0.14416766166687012,
-0.4534203112125397,
0.6120093464851379,
-0.45281076431274414,
0.40560129284858704,
0.1734773814678192,
0.1197797954082489,
-0.3133726119995117,
-0.8105866312980652,
0.8224955201148987,
-0.5522962212562561,
0.4606562852859497,
-0.24382105469703674,
0.18880842626094818,
0.031009012833237648,
-0.057290587574243546,
0.5551090240478516,
0.5927977561950684,
-0.1284499168395996,
0.31372082233428955,
-0.36736929416656494,
-0.32972121238708496,
0.2937798500061035,
0.5489460229873657,
0.28822535276412964,
0.362016886472702,
0.9011482000350952,
0.028368905186653137,
0.5319015979766846,
-0.4783328175544739,
-0.7011609077453613,
-0.18691575527191162,
-0.6221113204956055,
-0.4372791349887848,
0.27368518710136414,
0.6152541637420654,
-0.16114985942840576,
-0.35520026087760925,
0.0844448059797287,
0.3926737904548645,
1.109588861465454,
-0.17940229177474976,
0.2614629864692688,
0.3910178244113922,
-0.39496859908103943,
0.664529025554657,
-0.09634197503328323,
0.7064809799194336,
-0.205206036567688,
-0.46280810236930847,
-0.32464295625686646,
0.13836483657360077,
-1.499937891960144,
0.09741060435771942,
0.3075573742389679,
-0.22344280779361725,
-0.19321568310260773,
-0.8566755652427673,
0.02357265166938305,
-0.6488869190216064,
-0.0012065472546964884,
0.06325184553861618,
-0.11921573430299759,
-0.7158123254776001,
0.7314600348472595,
0.2417861670255661,
-0.37015068531036377,
-0.1306745409965515,
-1.013492465019226,
-0.08228551596403122,
-0.14939258992671967,
0.26344799995422363,
0.2628706395626068,
0.3881044387817383,
-0.6123975515365601,
0.3690637946128845,
-0.3136391043663025,
-0.2749687731266022,
-0.0313422866165638,
-0.9264280796051025,
0.07927606254816055,
-0.029625464230775833,
0.14562980830669403,
-0.051413021981716156,
0.0800509825348854,
-0.17776907980442047,
-0.5607085227966309,
-0.31298550963401794,
0.030201194807887077,
-0.626031756401062,
-0.2412705272436142,
-0.1671936959028244,
0.41335320472717285,
0.5767866969108582,
0.05137254670262337,
-0.28185567259788513,
-0.2869676649570465,
-0.3333413600921631,
-0.2225375473499298,
-0.2569052577018738,
0.09896419942378998,
0.30931228399276733,
-0.5452941656112671,
-0.829800546169281,
-0.03455732390284538,
-0.9190884828567505,
0.6106650829315186,
-0.14979267120361328,
-0.536123514175415,
-0.5385006666183472,
-0.8618343472480774,
-0.33746621012687683,
0.18712486326694489,
0.026290155947208405,
0.02983924373984337,
-0.3986002504825592,
0.1250077486038208,
0.17185311019420624,
0.9333070516586304,
-0.0961911678314209,
0.41817519068717957,
0.6835428476333618,
0.22013963758945465,
0.013371050357818604,
0.7233517169952393,
-0.476596862077713,
0.2873203456401825,
0.14731426537036896,
0.12464848160743713,
0.2510383129119873,
-0.30205097794532776,
0.7466216087341309,
-0.5097869038581848,
-0.10749241709709167,
0.5798721313476562,
-0.46207287907600403,
-0.23539623618125916,
-0.5832368731498718,
0.6441145539283752,
0.2669733166694641,
0.7655742764472961,
-0.11136039346456528,
-0.35017576813697815,
-0.17315062880516052,
0.13277047872543335,
-0.13116389513015747,
-0.31029635667800903,
-0.1715414822101593,
0.6398462653160095,
0.1313900202512741,
-0.002964938757941127,
0.22093529999256134,
0.04340364411473274,
-0.8890403509140015,
0.09658021479845047,
-0.6728434562683105,
0.7809613943099976,
-0.734708309173584,
-0.3954663574695587,
0.8362694978713989,
-0.5580012798309326,
0.810991108417511,
-0.1644415557384491,
0.3776608407497406,
0.8749411702156067,
-0.16484679281711578,
-0.793706476688385,
0.4034343957901001,
0.08279955387115479,
0.03662244975566864,
0.22575786709785461,
0.25290611386299133,
0.041772108525037766,
-0.025542594492435455,
-0.03363317623734474,
0.062199633568525314,
0.05581119284033775,
-0.9435245394706726,
-0.7711353302001953,
-0.34215882420539856,
-0.24530692398548126,
0.06347736716270447,
0.9257151484489441,
0.3187938630580902,
0.26749947667121887,
0.22126628458499908,
-0.47650146484375,
0.004195085261017084,
-0.4488854706287384,
0.5242500305175781,
0.08177874982357025,
-0.19045783579349518,
0.7736059427261353,
0.1925804615020752,
0.5854628086090088,
-0.2914671003818512,
-0.47624653577804565,
-0.4934885799884796,
-0.23423969745635986,
-0.31114840507507324,
0.823199987411499,
0.2436581701040268,
0.15061664581298828,
-0.06747858226299286,
-0.44125935435295105,
0.29042527079582214,
-0.0788099616765976,
-0.10878539830446243,
-0.16237296164035797,
0.5827608704566956,
0.6660955548286438,
-0.09066328406333923,
0.623395562171936,
-0.19913862645626068,
0.17388999462127686,
-0.14783957600593567,
0.4102153480052948,
0.17964570224285126,
0.5241522789001465,
-0.03522834926843643,
0.349711149930954,
0.5431525111198425,
-0.8942828178405762,
-0.3480938971042633,
-0.24370762705802917,
-0.23780392110347748,
-0.2654246687889099,
-0.16245265305042267,
-0.34967321157455444,
-0.03750874474644661,
0.027542470023036003,
0.42451438307762146,
0.00888009462505579,
-0.16500943899154663,
0.0068002548068761826,
0.2636394798755646,
0.5147970914840698,
0.325747013092041,
0.12070946395397186,
0.51136314868927,
-0.750281810760498,
-0.7243263125419617,
0.012887924909591675,
0.7633631229400635,
0.22566869854927063,
-0.24314339458942413,
-0.15726757049560547,
-0.0645003542304039,
-0.20275291800498962,
-0.7597872614860535,
0.21943625807762146,
-0.05123326927423477,
0.1221805214881897,
-0.142873153090477,
-0.15528209507465363,
-0.13854262232780457,
0.133179172873497,
-0.42893972992897034,
0.09038925170898438,
0.29442286491394043,
-0.11465689539909363,
-0.8380247950553894,
0.00636031711474061,
0.13605642318725586,
0.13696134090423584,
-0.046131495386362076,
0.6113535165786743,
-0.22343645989894867,
-0.15645629167556763,
0.2534787058830261,
-5.4754838943481445,
-0.09964906424283981,
-0.7243117094039917,
-0.3897181451320648,
0.7775108814239502,
0.06062185391783714,
0.14598873257637024,
-0.2188841849565506,
0.04892934486269951,
-0.7081882953643799,
-0.00824406836181879,
0.019612949341535568,
0.3712092638015747,
0.6303755044937134,
-0.21046628057956696,
0.5490877628326416,
-0.1013069823384285,
-0.39099574089050293,
0.2548302114009857,
0.24276484549045563,
0.13933800160884857,
0.16063329577445984,
0.3148989975452423,
-0.35096386075019836,
0.8937014937400818,
0.04502755403518677,
-0.7007589936256409,
0.4174952507019043,
-0.013853766024112701,
-0.1847742348909378,
-0.2087688148021698,
-0.19076423346996307,
-0.13689206540584564,
-1.1028509140014648,
-0.0921218991279602,
-0.31330984830856323,
0.41700801253318787,
0.5063395500183105,
0.6408330798149109,
-0.18326926231384277,
-0.512703001499176,
-0.2766994535923004,
0.06391226500272751,
0.3851874768733978,
0.32823455333709717,
-0.21486559510231018,
-0.9429944753646851,
-0.2123800665140152,
-0.12809720635414124,
0.7829687595367432,
-0.2840094268321991,
1.0800801515579224,
0.484640508890152,
-0.08718658238649368,
-0.25721195340156555,
-0.2796817719936371,
0.3919063210487366,
0.012110905721783638,
-0.481825590133667,
-0.10048878937959671,
0.4394063651561737,
-0.534622073173523,
-0.007493631448596716,
0.08415176719427109,
0.12437685579061508,
-0.6905649900436401,
-0.5776628851890564,
0.6504863500595093,
0.8459097146987915,
-0.0009022090816870332,
-0.2960185408592224,
-0.18871626257896423,
-0.15117652714252472,
-0.8395516872406006,
-0.24136340618133545,
-0.541515588760376,
0.3974292576313019,
0.003898383118212223,
0.4088113605976105,
0.5053116083145142,
0.010101969353854656,
0.29032328724861145,
-0.7793884873390198,
0.32083752751350403,
0.1564226746559143,
-0.33658647537231445,
-0.04825764149427414,
1.0829229354858398,
-0.43465349078178406,
-0.21675115823745728,
-0.21986603736877441,
-0.7167276740074158,
0.106113962829113,
0.169021874666214,
0.34278425574302673,
-0.639759361743927,
0.4652877151966095,
-0.14814649522304535,
0.05150284618139267,
-0.5332818627357483,
0.40192341804504395,
-0.29046645760536194,
-0.3092893362045288,
-1.2202363014221191,
-0.06142717972397804,
-0.5959233641624451,
-0.2972511947154999,
0.17252999544143677,
-0.20360590517520905,
-0.016982421278953552,
-0.8048092722892761,
-0.4393225908279419,
-0.06857205927371979,
-0.2659318149089813,
0.18262979388237,
0.25375327467918396,
-0.9368508458137512,
0.12228631228208542,
0.8804202675819397,
0.6348623037338257,
0.06862153112888336,
0.29632067680358887,
-0.20812013745307922,
0.7968370914459229,
-0.5062853097915649,
0.12733642756938934,
0.48271945118904114,
-0.3321572542190552,
-0.37919262051582336,
-0.055820778012275696,
-0.30381137132644653,
-0.14982028305530548,
0.201069638133049,
0.03158140555024147,
0.3267311155796051,
0.1799699068069458,
0.1252286732196808,
0.37134623527526855,
0.29417920112609863,
-0.5954393148422241,
-0.04835963249206543,
0.12354432791471481,
-0.05336743965744972,
-0.08278919011354446,
0.1181083396077156,
0.5549703240394592,
-0.3496396839618683,
0.8169626593589783,
-0.208315908908844,
0.7785125970840454,
0.09246721863746643,
-0.08466535061597824,
0.298927903175354,
-0.587486982345581,
0.23230630159378052,
-0.6835913062095642,
-0.003970799036324024,
0.09421290457248688,
0.27510949969291687,
-0.9290618300437927,
0.31607112288475037,
-0.21479511260986328,
-0.69400554895401,
-0.2502710521221161,
0.33892878890037537,
-0.10724818706512451,
-0.6559866666793823,
-0.23391276597976685,
-0.14113914966583252,
0.4118492901325226,
-0.05383395031094551,
-0.2573399543762207,
-0.3251892328262329,
0.021028641611337662,
0.818374752998352,
0.04356628656387329,
0.13745735585689545,
0.1083018034696579,
0.28578928112983704,
0.7336170077323914,
-0.04663863033056259,
-0.25826334953308105,
-0.18655553460121155,
0.22168706357479095,
0.2468809336423874,
-0.011104273609817028,
-0.05917331203818321,
-0.05605800449848175,
0.3599987328052521,
0.25053921341896057,
0.6435920000076294,
0.4221716523170471,
0.10995747894048691,
0.054221317172050476,
-0.6050329804420471,
0.08420834690332413,
0.06705749779939651,
-0.09710390865802765,
-0.45804715156555176,
-0.17663411796092987,
0.1584111452102661,
0.7749291062355042,
-0.057945337146520615,
-0.01585935801267624,
0.20184040069580078,
0.032545242458581924,
0.3099423348903656,
-0.13435713946819305,
-0.2685069143772125,
0.7117045521736145,
-0.2927217185497284,
-0.06652466207742691,
0.41779717803001404,
0.5101983547210693,
-0.7557084560394287,
-0.011378257535398006,
0.10350508242845535,
0.31787288188934326,
-0.10146461427211761,
-0.2599577009677887,
-0.25198841094970703,
-0.26861274242401123,
-0.2959824204444885,
-0.20712092518806458,
-0.7418540120124817,
0.6131775379180908,
0.3533211052417755,
-0.1630687415599823,
0.2270188331604004,
-0.2589888572692871,
-0.10164391249418259,
-0.03782540187239647,
0.1280711144208908,
-0.04650583118200302,
0.14739325642585754,
0.36711400747299194,
0.12936873733997345,
0.34392833709716797,
-0.216881662607193,
-0.037522073835134506,
0.6357765197753906,
1.1202489137649536,
0.3785107135772705,
-0.8624907732009888,
-0.49333277344703674,
0.7576525807380676,
0.4186517596244812,
-0.5189909338951111,
-0.293008953332901,
0.01305118016898632,
0.4371860921382904,
-0.7596937417984009,
-0.5497782230377197,
0.1679607629776001,
0.7963424921035767,
-0.4932417869567871,
0.14250712096691132,
0.78676438331604,
-0.35585686564445496,
0.40498974919319153,
0.09926112741231918,
-0.30451956391334534,
-0.7225582003593445,
0.38123154640197754,
-0.006636590696871281,
-0.1117129921913147,
-0.490768700838089,
0.11299300193786621,
-0.34889158606529236,
-0.4128436744213104,
-0.1314842849969864,
0.3026416599750519,
-0.20653998851776123,
0.3110519349575043,
0.38036417961120605,
-0.3794521391391754,
-0.2574785053730011,
-0.44342851638793945,
-0.014547293074429035,
-0.23263202607631683,
-0.7534323930740356,
0.27162301540374756,
-0.07371850311756134,
-0.2939852178096771,
0.6820990443229675,
-0.7256253957748413,
-0.3202132284641266,
0.8647493124008179,
-0.37768125534057617,
-0.14421895146369934,
-0.30241015553474426,
-0.5786372423171997,
0.14000508189201355,
0.4714701771736145,
-0.23694148659706116,
-0.155686616897583,
-0.13406981527805328,
0.21223261952400208,
0.8980482816696167,
0.31008973717689514,
-0.8169431090354919,
0.9543631076812744,
0.10883208364248276,
-0.10550074279308319,
-0.355722039937973,
-0.06532920151948929,
-0.14786824584007263,
-0.3022274971008301,
0.004374212585389614,
0.04049712419509888,
0.6191624402999878,
-0.37558719515800476,
0.2912250757217407,
0.25385162234306335,
-0.5895187854766846,
-0.4026087820529938,
0.4000157415866852,
-0.5294328927993774,
0.2792584300041199,
0.15199239552021027,
-0.41074374318122864,
0.4403713643550873,
0.18340469896793365,
0.047568146139383316,
0.17451579868793488,
0.3793666362762451,
-0.19029365479946136,
-0.18453052639961243,
0.0713394358754158,
-0.27726027369499207,
0.4286370575428009,
0.33832380175590515,
-0.7306027412414551,
0.6360074877738953,
-0.7760303616523743,
-0.4271429181098938,
-0.18111354112625122,
0.0771983191370964,
0.18746303021907806,
0.8566872477531433,
0.2819792330265045,
0.2657432556152344,
-1.2226200103759766,
-0.06869126111268997,
-0.3346651792526245,
0.8598183393478394,
-0.2528594732284546,
-0.18128550052642822,
0.1640147566795349,
0.43899503350257874,
0.40062573552131653,
-0.48581916093826294,
0.33060377836227417,
0.313478022813797,
0.29528164863586426,
0.30831319093704224,
0.6063523292541504,
0.1284007877111435,
0.08903598040342331,
-0.08127234131097794,
-0.28691697120666504,
0.20562414824962616,
0.4408838450908661,
0.2197982370853424,
-0.4549109935760498,
0.2495657056570053,
0.881445586681366,
-0.2672288417816162,
-0.28240102529525757,
-0.3086116313934326,
-0.20016422867774963,
0.060664381831884384,
-0.8401699662208557,
-0.4767703413963318,
0.20938488841056824,
0.11721548438072205,
-0.09823643416166306,
-0.17669051885604858,
0.19263996183872223,
0.10354457050561905,
0.11101604253053665,
0.3127438724040985,
-0.6901309490203857,
-1.178282618522644,
-0.10051167756319046,
0.4994332492351532,
0.024961188435554504,
0.2953798174858093,
-0.12146792560815811,
0.41091156005859375,
-0.07428356260061264,
-0.48832032084465027,
0.09747900813817978,
0.45845574140548706,
-0.11416380107402802,
-0.2929414212703705,
-0.17568042874336243,
0.12925253808498383,
0.3300464451313019,
0.20937563478946686,
0.1551993191242218,
0.5213332772254944,
-0.029806898906826973,
0.039562124758958817,
-0.04709923267364502,
0.12054488062858582,
-0.2623926103115082,
0.11648695915937424,
-0.33788496255874634,
0.06068483367562294,
-0.07449408620595932,
-0.15638962388038635,
-0.5291006565093994,
0.6825340390205383,
-0.1300710141658783,
0.11461011320352554,
0.5229440331459045,
-0.217813178896904,
0.23619967699050903,
-0.17572371661663055,
-0.14341716468334198,
-0.43287643790245056,
0.24653875827789307,
0.9186545014381409,
0.06766259670257568,
-0.2135007381439209,
0.3165152668952942,
-0.00009584418876329437,
-0.9690483808517456,
0.4323655962944031,
-0.10977031290531158,
-0.3079696297645569,
-0.41366854310035706,
0.4176069498062134,
0.1561601608991623,
-0.21751703321933746,
0.3546469807624817,
1.006258487701416,
-0.009615630842745304,
-0.34274953603744507,
-0.44138744473457336,
-0.034590404480695724,
0.6097370982170105,
-0.5544026494026184,
0.22888031601905823,
-0.2687795162200928,
-0.3276006579399109,
-0.3044619858264923,
-0.3567066192626953,
-0.026982072740793228,
0.10045790672302246,
0.07532250136137009,
0.6555784940719604,
-0.4965672194957733,
-0.20997628569602966,
-0.3859004080295563,
0.8381859064102173,
-0.4412008225917816,
0.44449934363365173,
0.45502403378486633
]
|
123500 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section%2033%20of%20the%20Canadian%20Charter%20of%20Rights%20and%20Freedoms | Section 33 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms | Section 33 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is part of the Constitution of Canada. It is commonly known as the notwithstanding clause (, or in French), sometimes referred to as the override power, and it allows Parliament or provincial legislatures to temporarily override certain portions of the Charter.
Text
The section states:
Function
The Parliament of Canada, a provincial legislature or a territorial legislature may declare that one of its laws or part of a law applies temporarily ("notwithstanding") countermanding sections of the Charter, thereby nullifying any judicial review by overriding the Charter protections for a limited period of time. This is done by including a section in the law clearly specifying which rights have been overridden. A simple majority vote in any of Canada's 14 jurisdictions may suspend the core rights of the Charter. However, the rights to be overridden must be either a "fundamental right" guaranteed by Section 2 (such as freedom of expression, religion, and association), a "legal right" guaranteed by Sections 7–14 (such as rights to liberty and freedom from search and seizures and cruel and unusual punishment) or a Section 15 "equality right". Other rights such as section 6 mobility rights, democratic rights, and language rights are inviolable.
Such a declaration lapses after five years or a lesser time specified in the clause, although the legislature may re-enact the clause any number of times. The rationale behind having a five-year expiry date is that it is also the maximum amount of time the Parliament or legislature may sit before an election must be called. Therefore, if the people wish for the law to be repealed, they have the right to elect new representatives who would have the power to do so. (The provisions of the Charter that deal with elections and democratic representation (§§3–5) are not among those that can be overridden with the notwithstanding clause (§§2,7–15).)
The notwithstanding clause reflects the hybrid character of Canadian political institutions. In effect, it protects the British tradition of parliamentary supremacy under the American-style system of written constitutional rights and strong courts introduced in 1982. Former Prime Minister Jean Chrétien also described it as a tool that could guard against a Supreme Court ruling legalizing hate speech and child pornography as freedom of expression.
History
The idea for the clause was proposed by Peter Lougheed as suggested by Merv Leitch. The clause was a compromise reached during the debate over the new constitution in the early 1980s. Among the provinces' major complaints with the Charter was its effect of shifting power from elected officials to the judiciary, giving the courts the final word. Section 33, in conjunction with the limitations clause in section 1, was intended to give provincial legislators more leverage to pass law. Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau at first strongly objected to the clause, but eventually consented to its inclusion under pressure from the provincial premiers.
The clause was included as part of what is known as "The Kitchen Accord". At the end of a conference on the constitution that was poised to end in deadlock, Jean Chrétien, the federal justice minister, as well as Roy McMurtry and Roy Romanow, both provincial ministers, met in a kitchen in the Government Conference Centre in Ottawa and sowed the seeds for a deal. This compromise ultimately caused two major changes to the constitution package: the first was that the Charter would include the "notwithstanding clause", and the second was an agreed-upon amending formula. They then worked through the night with consultations from different premiers, and agreement from almost everybody. However, they notably excluded René Lévesque, the premier of Quebec, in the negotiations. At any rate, he refused to agree to the deal, and ultimately the Quebec government declined to endorse the constitutional amendment. Chrétien would later say on the notwithstanding clause, "Canada probably wouldn't have had any Charter without it."
According to Chrétien, in 1992, Trudeau blamed him for the notwithstanding clause, saying "you gave them that". Chrétien replied, "Sorry, Pierre. I recommended it. You gave it."
During the January 9, 2006, party leaders' debate for the 2006 federal election, Prime Minister Paul Martin unexpectedly pledged that his Liberal government, if returned, would support a constitutional amendment to prevent the federal government from invoking section 33, and challenged Conservative leader Stephen Harper to agree. This sparked a debate as to how the notwithstanding clause can be amended. Some argued that the amending formula required the federal government to gain the approval of at least seven provinces with at least half the national population (the standard procedure). Others argued that since the proposal would only limit the federal Parliament's powers, Parliament could make the change alone.
Uses of the override
Three provinces have used the power of override. Saskatchewan used it to force provincial employees to work and to allow the government to pay for non-Catholics to attend a Catholic school, and Quebec used it to allow the government to restrict language of signage and to prevent public employees from wearing religious symbols. Neither of the usages were renewed, and they each therefore expired after five years. Quebec has introduced new legislation that invokes the override and may still come into effect . Ontario used it to increase the time period during which 3rd-party groups must limit their activities in the lead-up to an election.
Four jurisdictions—Yukon, Alberta, Ontario, and New Brunswick—have introduced bills that invoked the override but never came into effect for various reasons. Other provinces and territories, and the federal government, have not used it.
Alberta
Compensation for forced sterilization (1998)
In 1998, Alberta introduced, but later abandoned, a bill that would attempt to use the notwithstanding clause to limit lawsuits against the government for past forced sterilizations approved by the Alberta Eugenics Board before the Sexual Sterilization Act was repealed.
Same-sex marriage (2000)
Alberta has never successfully invoked the notwithstanding clause, but in March 2000, the Legislature of Alberta passed Bill 202, which amended the province's Marriage Act to include an opposite-sex-only definition of marriage as well as the notwithstanding clause in order to insulate the definition from Charter challenges. However, a legislature may only use the "notwithstanding clause" on legislation it would otherwise have the authority to enact, and the Supreme Court of Canada ruled in 2004 in Reference re Same-Sex Marriage that the definition of marriage is within the exclusive domain of the Parliament of Canada, thus finding Bill 202 ultra vires, or beyond the constitutional powers of the Alberta Legislature.
Other discussions of its use in Alberta
There were also discussions to invoke the notwithstanding clause following the Supreme Court of Canada's 1998 decision in Vriend v Alberta, but were resisted by Premier Ralph Klein at the time.
New Brunswick
Mandatory vaccinations (2019)
On November 22, 2019, Education Minister Dominic Cardy introduced a bill, known as Bill 39, in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick to end non-medical exemptions to vaccinations in school children, which includes invoking the notwithstanding clause. Cardy said this was to pre-empt any court and charter challenges to the bill by "an organized, well-financed lobby out there that's intent on derailing efforts to protect vulnerable children". The use of the notwithstanding clause was removed from the bill in June 2020.
Ontario
Municipal elections (2018)
In August 2018, the government of Ontario passed the Better Local Government Act, which, among other things, ordered the Toronto City Council to change its electoral ward boundaries for the 2018 municipal election to match the boundaries used for federal and provincial electoral ridings, thus reducing the number of wards from 47 to 25. Premier of Ontario Doug Ford stated that the council had "failed to act on the critical issues facing the city", and claimed cost savings of $25 million over the next four years. The bill was controversial for both its intent and its timing, as it came in the midst of a municipal election campaign. The electoral boundaries had already been realigned for the 2018 election to expand it from 44 to 47 wards, by consolidating several existing wards and adding new ones.
On September 10, 2018, the act was struck down by Superior Court Justice Edward Belobaba as unconstitutional, ruling that the larger wards infringed voters' rights to an election whose outcome provides "effective representation", and that unilaterally changing electoral boundaries in the middle of a campaign infringed on candidates' freedom of expression. Shortly afterward, Ford announced his intent to table legislation authorizing an invocation of the notwithstanding clause to overturn the ruling, which, if passed, would have been the first use of the notwithstanding clause in Ontario. However, on September 19, the Court of Appeal for Ontario granted a stay of the Superior Court's decision, allowing the province to again implement a 25-ward structure for the City of Toronto. During the oral argument for that case, the counsel for the attorney general stated that the provincial government would not proceed with the legislation to invoke the notwithstanding clause if the stay was granted.
Third-party political advertising (2021)
In early 2021, the Ontario government passed the Protecting Ontario Elections Act, 2021, which restricted the ability of private sector organizations from running political advertisements outside of election periods. In June, The Ontario Superior Court found the law to violate freedom of expression, and struck down those sections of the law. The Ontario government then passed the Protecting Elections and Defending Democracy Act, 2021 to enact the restrictions using the Notwithstanding Clause.
Quebec
Blanket application (1982–1987)
After the Charter came into force in 1982, the Parti Québécois government in Quebec inserted wording pursuant to section 33 into every law passed by the National Assembly of Quebec, as well as retroactively amending every existing law, in an attempt to ensure that no provincial law could ever be challenged in the courts on grounds in the relevant Charter sections. This stopped in 1987, when the newly elected Quebec Liberals discontinued the practice.
The way the Quebec legislature deployed the clause in the late 1980s diminished public respect in the rest of the country for section 33. Due to the mass opposition that its use, or even threatened use, as in the case of Alberta (listed below), would evoke, the act of invoking the notwithstanding clause would be more politically costly even than had always been apprehended, according to some.Chrétien, My Years as Prime Minister, pp. 392–393.
Sign laws (1988)
On December 21, 1988, after the decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in Ford v Quebec (AG), the National Assembly of Quebec employed section 33 and the equivalent section 52 of the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms in their Bill 178. This allowed Quebec to continue to restrict the posting of certain commercial signs in languages other than French. In 1993, after the law was criticized by the United Nations Human Rights Committee, the Bourassa government had the National Assembly rewrite the law to conform to the Charter and the notwithstanding clause was removed.
Wearing of religious symbols by public servants (2019)
On March 28, 2019, the recently elected Coalition Avenir Québec (CAQ) government applied the notwithstanding clause in Bill 21 (An Act respecting the Laicity of the State). The bill was passed on June 16, 2019, and prevents public workers in positions of authority from wearing religious symbols. It also prevents people from receiving public services with their faces covered.
French language requirement for businesses (2021)
A proposed law would require private business to be conducted in French.
Saskatchewan
Back-to-work order (1986)
In 1986, the Legislature of Saskatchewan enacted a law, the SGEU Dispute Settlement Act, in which workers were ordered back to work. The Court of Appeal for Saskatchewan had previously held that a similar back-to-work law was unconstitutional because it infringed workers' freedom of association. The government appealed that decision to the Supreme Court of Canada. Since the Court of Appeal decision was still the statement of law at the time of the SGEU Dispute Settlement Act, a clause was written into the act, invoking the section 33 override.Peter W. Hogg, Constitutional Law of Canada, 4th ed. (Scarborough: Carswell, 1997), s. 36.2. The earlier law was later found by the Supreme Court to be consistent with the Charter, meaning the use of the clause had been unnecessary.RWDSU v. Saskatchewan, [1987] 1 S.C.R. 460.
Catholic school funding (2018)
In May 2018, the Saskatchewan Legislature invoked the notwithstanding clause to overrule the Court of Queen's Bench ruling in Good Spirit School Division No 204 v Christ The Teacher Roman Catholic Separate School Division No 212, 2017 SKQB 109, which stated the government could not provide funding for non-Catholic students to attend Catholic separate schools. The Saskatchewan Court of Appeal overturned the decision in March 2020, and the Supreme Court of Canada declined leave to appeal. With the original decision overturned, there is no longer a need for the Notwithstanding Clause.
Other discussions of its use in Saskatchewan
Following a Supreme Court of Canada decision of January 30, 2015, which struck down Saskatchewan essential service legislation, Premier Brad Wall publicly considered using the notwithstanding clause to protect the province's ability to force essential service employees back to work.
Yukon
Committee appointments (1982)
In 1982, the legislature of Yukon made use of the notwithstanding clause in the Land Planning and Development Act. This was the first use, by any Canadian legislature, of the section 33 override. However, as constitutional scholar Peter Hogg notes, the "statute ... was never brought into force and so scarcely counts as an example".Peter Hogg, Constitutional Law of Canada. Student Edition 2007, section 39.2 (p. 842).
Comparison with other human rights instruments
Constitutional scholar Peter Hogg has remarked that the notwithstanding clause "seems to be a uniquely Canadian invention". The United States Constitution gives no such powers to the states (see: nullification), but Article III, sect. 2 does authorize the Congress to remove jurisdiction from the federal courts. Not since World War II has Congress mustered the requisite majority.
However, the concept of the notwithstanding clause was not created with the Charter. The presence of the clause makes the Charter similar to the Canadian Bill of Rights (1960), which, under section 2, states that "an Act of the Parliament" may declare that a law "shall operate notwithstanding the Canadian Bill of Rights". A primary difference is that the Bill of Rights' notwithstanding clause could be used to invalidate "any" right, not just specified clauses as with the Charter. The Saskatchewan Human Rights Code (1979), the Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms (1977), and the Alberta Bill of Rights (1972) also contain devices like the notwithstanding clause.
Outside Canada, Israel added a device similar to the notwithstanding clause to one of its Basic Laws in 1992. However, this power could be used only in respect of the right to work.
In Victoria, Australia, section 31 of the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities fulfils a similar purpose.ABC AM radio program, 21 December 2005, according to transcript
The uncodified constitution of the United Kingdom has an implicit equivalent of a notwithstanding clause: following the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty, the courts have no power to declare primary legislation invalid on constitutional grounds, including on grounds of incompatibility with the European Convention on Human Rights. The Human Rights Act 1998 requires legislation to be interpreted in a way compatible with the Convention if possible'', but they must nonetheless enforce any primary legislation that they cannot so interpret. This does not apply to secondary legislation or devolved legislation, which may be ultra vires if incompatible.
References
External links
Centre for Constitutional Studies: Notwithstanding Clause Keyword
Canadian Parliamentary Library paper on the Charter
Maple Leaf Web: Section 33: The Notwithstanding Clause
CBC News In Depth: Canadian Government. Notwithstanding clause – FAQs (2005)
Section 33 | [
0.13134337961673737,
0.6387266516685486,
-0.5653037428855896,
-0.01696036383509636,
-0.12650863826274872,
-0.13275593519210815,
0.6111559271812439,
0.20957639813423157,
-0.30392590165138245,
-0.17941439151763916,
-0.752751886844635,
0.5784886479377747,
-0.2641279399394989,
-0.2175271064043045,
-0.19943080842494965,
0.9581683874130249,
0.01335505023598671,
0.7929611802101135,
0.20648042857646942,
-0.6235684156417847,
0.10632934421300888,
-0.39196059107780457,
0.24828612804412842,
0.2654576897621155,
0.25444138050079346,
-0.04042976722121239,
0.6933410167694092,
0.03316305950284004,
-0.8694230318069458,
-0.1823296844959259,
-0.32200825214385986,
0.40714749693870544,
0.004401882644742727,
-0.007479207590222359,
0.6997319459915161,
-0.14402462542057037,
0.20255212485790253,
-0.3619876801967621,
-0.14082279801368713,
-0.71634840965271,
0.07376504689455032,
-0.2754802107810974,
0.33080536127090454,
-0.32180336117744446,
0.28833869099617004,
-0.2975621819496155,
-0.933417558670044,
0.24824382364749908,
-0.24068760871887207,
0.28757524490356445,
-0.21092218160629272,
0.32078900933265686,
0.08564615249633789,
0.43131399154663086,
0.4143282473087311,
0.19921991229057312,
-1.0451518297195435,
-0.14895370602607727,
-0.1866796463727951,
-0.5391973257064819,
0.8905798196792603,
-0.05680471658706665,
0.29664716124534607,
0.1309691220521927,
1.1738929748535156,
0.612648069858551,
0.13877952098846436,
-0.0909252017736435,
-0.1282835751771927,
-0.27477413415908813,
-0.5693053603172302,
-0.5930272936820984,
0.016067320480942726,
0.21820877492427826,
-0.07102853804826736,
0.5928694605827332,
-0.35459357500076294,
0.0760517343878746,
0.25969162583351135,
0.18614676594734192,
0.2664024829864502,
0.5755097270011902,
0.34176334738731384,
0.2739787697792053,
-0.0325130932033062,
0.19411250948905945,
-0.4031088352203369,
-0.21360397338867188,
-0.3290560841560364,
0.5610156059265137,
-0.8679274916648865,
0.550513744354248,
0.17280282080173492,
-0.19674156606197357,
-0.20802445709705353,
-0.2358291894197464,
-0.403293639421463,
-0.27051231265068054,
0.4569411873817444,
0.8053504228591919,
0.12295277416706085,
-0.08961515128612518,
0.9522674679756165,
-0.37058815360069275,
-1.0847337245941162,
-0.12590530514717102,
-0.16768421232700348,
-0.40372979640960693,
0.1003299281001091,
-0.10395769774913788,
-0.05049626901745796,
0.25672534108161926,
-0.5226185917854309,
-0.22390197217464447,
-0.06356306374073029,
0.14852751791477203,
-0.17033065855503082,
-0.3489919900894165,
0.3396811783313751,
0.6003392934799194,
0.03158288449048996,
-0.024426741525530815,
-0.27847030758857727,
-0.11783424019813538,
0.14297795295715332,
-0.31138885021209717,
0.4242425560951233,
-0.014612908475100994,
-0.30041199922561646,
0.09038719534873962,
-0.04687509313225746,
0.9175957441329956,
-0.13279913365840912,
-0.1299065202474594,
-0.8197536468505859,
-0.30845147371292114,
0.06483514606952667,
-0.24299782514572144,
0.2961101531982422,
0.5363245010375977,
-0.4451618790626526,
-0.8937634229660034,
-0.3584609031677246,
-0.8139231204986572,
0.7371314764022827,
-0.6747744679450989,
0.06376701593399048,
0.0054947976022958755,
-0.9240428805351257,
0.01602809503674507,
0.1783619076013565,
-0.19071733951568604,
-0.06871388107538223,
-0.5530959367752075,
-0.19277134537696838,
0.03335728496313095,
0.7563670873641968,
0.43689483404159546,
-0.18426276743412018,
0.7326111793518066,
0.5101646780967712,
-0.0945059284567833,
0.2906031906604767,
0.4132753014564514,
0.5110433101654053,
0.6931860446929932,
-0.2629941999912262,
0.3196544945240021,
0.8091921806335449,
0.24509336054325104,
-0.7971979975700378,
-0.11536221951246262,
0.13704971969127655,
-0.8843344449996948,
0.09246467798948288,
-0.3228420615196228,
-0.2559058964252472,
0.2773069441318512,
0.3063061833381653,
0.23268821835517883,
-0.48846039175987244,
-0.05026031285524368,
-0.16841888427734375,
0.16909776628017426,
-0.15771251916885376,
-0.08887235075235367,
0.49517714977264404,
0.15377698838710785,
-0.04680005460977554,
0.6922599673271179,
-0.5868380069732666,
-0.511854350566864,
0.42931729555130005,
-1.1935101747512817,
0.9891452789306641,
-0.3041315972805023,
-0.8272318243980408,
1.4443691968917847,
-0.005128395278006792,
0.4989715814590454,
-0.2741100490093231,
-0.24132084846496582,
0.5969656705856323,
0.2744883894920349,
-0.8928072452545166,
0.6982630491256714,
-0.4468909204006195,
0.3617759644985199,
-0.30148693919181824,
0.09498493373394012,
-0.0904049202799797,
0.5395646095275879,
-0.008045779541134834,
-0.03709929436445236,
0.16185058653354645,
-0.9149571657180786,
-0.3184165954589844,
-0.3596135377883911,
-0.249159038066864,
0.06578534096479416,
0.3781728148460388,
0.10451643913984299,
0.08151289075613022,
0.3701767027378082,
-0.5037446618080139,
0.19647839665412903,
-0.23501096665859222,
0.507513165473938,
0.4144825339317322,
-0.2537948787212372,
0.5313923954963684,
-0.2030893862247467,
0.4940532147884369,
-0.31986525654792786,
-0.38053855299949646,
-0.6469993591308594,
0.13661009073257446,
0.2228105366230011,
0.45224207639694214,
0.20822452008724213,
0.5044370889663696,
0.18730153143405914,
-0.38383421301841736,
-0.3772289752960205,
0.027407323941588402,
0.08415406197309494,
-0.5209740400314331,
0.13556483387947083,
0.6707262396812439,
0.09949841350317001,
1.311914086341858,
-0.21682152152061462,
0.35303521156311035,
-0.6454054117202759,
0.5766469836235046,
0.5853856205940247,
-0.153898686170578,
-0.15656925737857819,
0.10244575142860413,
0.20019425451755524,
-0.25005394220352173,
-0.2615632116794586,
-0.23278997838497162,
0.22985635697841644,
0.024525709450244904,
-0.39585909247398376,
-0.47364214062690735,
0.1965058296918869,
-0.48993954062461853,
0.8049710392951965,
0.31337299942970276,
-0.7253397107124329,
-0.3872497081756592,
-0.04716695845127106,
0.13110609352588654,
0.4859825670719147,
0.5000911355018616,
0.8208363652229309,
-0.47491219639778137,
0.16732272505760193,
-0.22378969192504883,
0.4381891191005707,
-0.0629027858376503,
-0.5272123217582703,
0.2538923919200897,
-0.25747501850128174,
0.18459272384643555,
-0.2887384593486786,
-0.8638299107551575,
-0.4994462728500366,
-0.3624603748321533,
-0.6333920359611511,
-0.3345862329006195,
-0.5262349843978882,
0.7665566802024841,
0.738966703414917,
-0.3368608057498932,
1.0508719682693481,
0.08456124365329742,
-0.7375735640525818,
0.30450743436813354,
0.09473326057195663,
-0.5016559958457947,
-0.3203831911087036,
0.22546444833278656,
0.13622696697711945,
-0.09570222347974777,
0.17688784003257751,
-5.022298812866211,
-0.12061598896980286,
-0.5931810140609741,
-0.38123998045921326,
0.08873963356018066,
-0.18796895444393158,
0.8372506499290466,
-0.13135415315628052,
-0.1906091719865799,
-0.28674185276031494,
-0.4757269024848938,
-0.3984241187572479,
0.38132598996162415,
0.7236875295639038,
0.54622483253479,
0.546065092086792,
-0.1040884256362915,
-0.9138864278793335,
0.3414734899997711,
0.4652661383152008,
0.43519845604896545,
0.09363493323326111,
-0.39650899171829224,
-0.45979321002960205,
1.0232388973236084,
-0.2881939709186554,
-0.06083405017852783,
0.6091076135635376,
-0.45108452439308167,
-0.3508651554584503,
-0.013038172386586666,
0.1433621346950531,
-0.6170452237129211,
-0.85019451379776,
-0.11057548969984055,
-0.39689114689826965,
0.6187701225280762,
0.022284943610429764,
0.7559559941291809,
-0.9420928955078125,
-0.7969117760658264,
-0.11289872974157333,
0.05577288940548897,
0.8725430369377136,
0.34458404779434204,
0.21977785229682922,
-0.5807725787162781,
-0.04641791060566902,
-0.5121567249298096,
0.9270702600479126,
-0.2094746083021164,
0.5982952117919922,
0.6807128190994263,
0.21845467388629913,
-0.8276169300079346,
-0.4196150600910187,
0.1937970221042633,
-0.7730194330215454,
-0.634475588798523,
-0.045150063931941986,
0.3870997726917267,
-0.8942515254020691,
0.482460618019104,
-0.35344451665878296,
0.10776136815547943,
-0.5003082156181335,
-0.9302775859832764,
-0.3881686329841614,
0.41543009877204895,
0.4062119126319885,
0.07796844840049744,
0.166459321975708,
-0.5047993063926697,
-1.295107126235962,
-0.4860168397426605,
-0.9455108642578125,
-0.2218138426542282,
0.48963475227355957,
0.5370306968688965,
-0.15469717979431152,
0.31480368971824646,
0.186775803565979,
-1.0059348344802856,
1.1107128858566284,
0.04849658161401749,
-0.07774297147989273,
-0.4033619463443756,
0.6682868003845215,
-0.27355703711509705,
-0.4568457305431366,
0.8569003343582153,
-0.32664206624031067,
-0.029818110167980194,
0.17818377912044525,
-0.20087330043315887,
-0.34294384717941284,
0.7108358144760132,
-0.4704211950302124,
0.3992905020713806,
-0.2746940851211548,
-0.09336575865745544,
-0.38905349373817444,
-0.414237916469574,
-1.1136913299560547,
-0.06376361101865768,
-0.2772107720375061,
-0.492250919342041,
0.394087553024292,
0.24028529226779938,
-0.18211627006530762,
-0.5521845817565918,
-0.36475732922554016,
-0.2216304987668991,
-0.21296216547489166,
0.5976073145866394,
-0.04905426874756813,
0.040155861526727676,
0.3959173560142517,
1.1488456726074219,
0.2440180480480194,
0.2720094919204712,
0.4493601620197296,
-0.38215112686157227,
0.2833419144153595,
-1.1435805559158325,
-0.13264672458171844,
0.33016902208328247,
-0.26446494460105896,
-0.8301301598548889,
0.05937393382191658,
-0.029118608683347702,
0.009405536577105522,
0.06855669617652893,
-0.12203788012266159,
-0.13475091755390167,
-0.05664750933647156,
0.45585280656814575,
0.3709825277328491,
0.22728566825389862,
-0.09993036091327667,
0.17113524675369263,
0.40434813499450684,
-0.23411278426647186,
0.20653954148292542,
0.5530495643615723,
0.5187797546386719,
0.3694363832473755,
0.041038163006305695,
-1.0352710485458374,
0.5464465618133545,
-0.04348202794790268,
-0.0050930785946547985,
0.795149564743042,
-0.27173087000846863,
-0.28893688321113586,
-0.16331614553928375,
0.3578377366065979,
0.2774685025215149,
0.898078203201294,
-0.6001004576683044,
0.2982370853424072,
-0.0671207457780838,
-0.3981926441192627,
-0.2061513513326645,
0.3046242594718933,
-0.28745603561401367,
-0.891929566860199,
-0.05920809879899025,
-0.8793907165527344,
0.8596925139427185,
0.14578980207443237,
0.03884604200720787,
-0.46690937876701355,
0.4953213632106781,
0.7077690958976746,
-0.3560827076435089,
0.1775302290916443,
0.3075466454029083,
0.000340923696057871,
0.21847572922706604,
0.5610866546630859,
-0.5933910012245178,
0.1714337170124054,
0.37911897897720337,
0.5128306746482849,
-0.3592047691345215,
0.04218729957938194,
-0.03768863528966904,
-0.293192595243454,
-0.2480269819498062,
0.31587040424346924,
0.3769811987876892,
0.45797452330589294,
0.03875169903039932,
-0.45797809958457947,
0.24928604066371918,
0.26905155181884766,
0.00904796738177538,
-0.4077238142490387,
-0.8132450580596924,
0.08901386708021164,
1.0838587284088135,
-0.5230923891067505,
0.5791586637496948,
-0.8448919653892517,
-0.08410222828388214,
0.5992733836174011,
-0.08075761049985886,
-0.9626966118812561,
0.7427043914794922,
-0.011912655085325241,
-0.2271321564912796,
0.4203265309333801,
0.3958161175251007,
-0.30086466670036316,
-0.11045601963996887,
0.2065296322107315,
-0.0263690035790205,
-0.45308718085289,
-0.010729407891631126,
0.7273150086402893,
-0.3995606601238251,
0.3649669587612152,
-0.3788989782333374,
-0.2738182246685028,
0.6316187381744385,
0.3244451880455017,
-0.08082779496908188,
1.0469356775283813,
-0.4681642949581146,
-0.52060467004776,
0.07098542153835297,
0.5651239156723022,
-0.28824663162231445,
-0.6903792023658752,
-0.009170440025627613,
-1.0088850259780884,
0.5400515198707581,
-0.18588654696941376,
0.4747501015663147,
0.3680850565433502,
1.0245012044906616,
0.17709709703922272,
-1.4635173082351685,
0.04918446019291878,
0.5139232873916626,
0.6516565084457397,
-0.13588263094425201,
-0.9998403787612915,
-0.17383204400539398,
0.3723309338092804,
-0.26840242743492126,
-0.5769592523574829,
-0.23277141153812408,
1.3606066703796387,
-0.3787195086479187,
0.24112311005592346,
0.4616245627403259,
-0.04738326370716095,
0.3070690333843231,
0.3255562484264374,
0.10455266386270523,
-0.5907503962516785,
-0.17143091559410095,
0.2753883898258209,
0.023065727204084396,
-0.15138013660907745,
-0.0111080976203084,
-0.16318078339099884,
-0.5235106945037842,
-0.434783399105072,
-0.5930089950561523,
-0.09595097601413727,
0.38198259472846985,
0.4146827459335327,
-0.305965781211853,
0.17457537353038788,
-0.40855711698532104,
0.13611304759979248,
-0.7666400671005249,
-0.6239121556282043,
-0.08248303830623627,
0.14689742028713226,
-0.6322690844535828,
0.6781133413314819,
-0.42985811829566956,
-0.2993852198123932,
0.7405310869216919,
-0.2581676244735718,
-0.4581334888935089,
-0.9949467778205872,
-0.3116054832935333,
-1.0031033754348755,
0.2474537044763565,
0.030864914879202843,
-0.078938789665699,
-0.09554854035377502,
0.03364964947104454,
0.3675597906112671,
0.008269422687590122,
-1.0032343864440918,
0.8678406476974487,
0.3907977044582367,
-0.13728392124176025,
0.15265285968780518,
0.3960810899734497,
0.2243480086326599,
-0.3447040319442749,
0.0876365676522255,
0.26325711607933044,
0.05499564856290817,
0.3055921792984009,
0.4221324324607849,
0.302940309047699,
-0.46972525119781494,
-0.4429457485675812,
0.5191558599472046,
-0.9558231830596924,
0.27885913848876953,
0.6693376302719116,
-0.39323195815086365,
-0.5917521715164185,
0.7014661431312561,
0.4297977685928345,
-0.47020280361175537,
0.778134286403656,
-0.0035600769333541393,
-0.4422367513179779,
0.34004878997802734,
-0.18570545315742493,
0.2868638038635254,
0.10256606340408325,
-0.4197876453399658,
0.885285496711731,
-0.32254481315612793,
-0.012799913994967937,
-0.0418243408203125,
-0.08284101635217667,
-0.12238157540559769,
0.8082770705223083,
0.3942870795726776,
0.22680562734603882,
-0.310350626707077,
-0.48792630434036255,
-0.2348228394985199,
0.8157272338867188,
-0.19600318372249603,
0.38506442308425903,
0.04319126531481743,
0.066469706594944,
0.6869820952415466,
0.020708302035927773,
-0.07281025499105453,
-0.4109390079975128,
0.3718331456184387,
0.22251355648040771,
0.5416355133056641,
-0.29726582765579224,
0.07162214070558548,
0.30676645040512085,
-0.21802258491516113,
0.29279571771621704,
0.4318602979183197,
0.11610547453165054,
-0.23854780197143555,
-0.23819375038146973,
0.6978099346160889,
0.2115248739719391,
0.11184407025575638,
0.13256637752056122,
-0.37136977910995483,
-0.25080886483192444,
-0.4904017150402069,
0.016756469383835793,
0.3744979500770569,
0.15483738481998444,
-0.1423482894897461,
-0.25447699427604675,
-0.007700515910983086,
0.24042434990406036,
0.12709812819957733,
0.34632396697998047,
-0.8996431231498718,
-0.9272754192352295,
-0.32607129216194153,
0.1507851481437683,
-0.22333918511867523,
0.16774718463420868,
0.37379318475723267,
-0.1656443476676941,
-0.6905288696289062,
-0.6548372507095337,
-0.314482182264328,
0.14259226620197296,
-0.23558446764945984,
0.008964852429926395,
-0.9152258038520813,
0.65016770362854,
0.4166163504123688,
-0.008732692338526249,
0.18440108001232147,
-0.07865127921104431,
-0.09351185709238052,
-0.14466826617717743,
0.016152173280715942,
0.33994191884994507,
-0.4483245611190796,
0.17589838802814484,
-0.487453818321228,
-0.006003648042678833,
-0.08074428141117096,
0.5322883129119873,
-0.3250882029533386,
0.32210588455200195,
-0.019305339083075523,
0.6480506062507629,
1.152586817741394,
-0.6180120706558228,
0.18798497319221497,
-0.13849113881587982,
-0.3568490147590637,
-0.3345125615596771,
0.004746980499476194,
0.9740064144134521,
-0.46037495136260986,
-0.45053598284721375,
0.3872976303100586,
0.18364794552326202,
-0.3982245922088623,
0.16075754165649414,
0.44664135575294495,
-0.376235693693161,
-0.22862742841243744,
0.7145202159881592,
-0.2143702507019043,
0.34752607345581055,
-0.1146979033946991,
0.8682629466056824,
0.32304537296295166,
-0.031944047659635544,
0.08313488215208054,
-0.4186312258243561,
0.5281546115875244,
-0.2530823349952698,
-0.3541828393936157,
-0.4063316583633423,
-0.3231642246246338,
-0.003842227626591921,
-0.6035324335098267,
0.17814096808433533,
0.3534555733203888,
0.20506422221660614,
-0.017216354608535767,
-0.7823084592819214,
-0.4960058331489563,
-0.5140442848205566,
0.8599637746810913,
-0.7986711859703064,
-0.26429483294487,
0.5953644514083862
]
|
123501 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troy%2C%20Montana | Troy, Montana | Troy is a city in Lincoln County, Montana, United States. The population was 797 at the 2020 census. It lies at the lowest elevation of any settlement in Montana. The town is on U.S. Route 2, near Montana Highway 56, in the Kootenai River gorge by the Kootenai National Forest.
Originally inhabited by the Kutenai, Salish, and Piegan Blackfeet tribes, the area was settled by miners in the 1880s. Troy was registered as a town in 1892 and grew quickly after the Great Northern Railway built a freight station there, leading to a boom in workers, miners, their families, and associates. The area narrowly missed wildfire damage in 1910 and expanded its services throughout the following years, though its population would drop due to a series of misfortunes in the late 1920s before rebounding in the following decades. Troy suffered from the area's contamination from nearby vermiculite mines contaminated with particularly fragile asbestos, leading to the town's inclusion in the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) National Priorities List status in 2002 and Public Health Emergency event in 2009. According to the EPA, most risk was reduced by 2015.
Troy is on U.S. Route 2, between Yaak and Libby. Montana Highway 56 is three miles southeast and the Troy Airport is two miles northwest. The town's economy has historically been supported by mining and logging, while in recent times, mining has remained, with the addition of education, retail, and tourism. Local natural features such as the Kootenai Falls have attracted tourism to the area and have been featured in movies such as The River Wild (1994) and The Revenant (2015). There is a public school district (which created ceramic ornaments used to decorate the National Christmas Tree in 2017) and a public library, and the town is in-district for Flathead Valley Community College.
History
Before the westward expansion of the United States, various indigenous peoples lived in the area, with the Kutenai and Salish as the most recent and the Piegan Blackfeet earlier. They lived in base camps and seasonal camps based on the availability of plants and fish: "lower elevations in the winter and... uplands in the summer and fall," with spring camps near camas prairies, which had edible bulbs. Due to the area's geography and settler fears of the Kutenai, the area remained unsettled until gold was discovered in the 1860s and galena and vermiculite in the 1880s. In 1886, the first miners arrived, prospecting on the Kootenai River at a tent camp first known as "Lake Camp, Lake Creek Camp, and Lake City", and making land claims on Grouse Mountain. In 1892, a William O'Brien surveyed the Lake City claim, renaming it Troy.
Post American settlement
Throughout 1892, Troy was filed as a town in then-Missoula County and grew rapidly as the Great Northern Railway chose a nearby site as a "division yard", or freight terminal, which was first renamed "West Troy" before just becoming Troy itself as the Lake City area was abandoned. The town's first hotel, then called the Windsor Hotel, was built. One transplant described the town as such: "Fifteen saloons gaily lit filled to the doors with “wild men and wild women” yelling, singing, dancing, and cursing, with glasses held high, such was Troy. Two large dance halls were in evidence, one grocery store run by John Bowen, several 'beaneries' (called restaurants by some), one drug store owned by 'Doc' Sailey and many shacks and tents where the 'wild women' congregated. Fights and ribaldry were the order of the days and nights." Another grocery store followed in 1893, the first one-room schoolhouse was built in 1894, and more mining companies, land claims, and support services such as ferries sprung up as gold was discovered on the Yaak River in 1895.
The 1910s brought change. After the Windsor Hotel had been destroyed by fire in 1906 and rebuilt in 1907, wildfires during the summer of 1910 narrowly missed Troy by a few miles but raged throughout the area, causing lasting damage to the newly-protected Kootenai National Forest. In 1912, Troy's first bridge across the Kootenai River was built, along with bridges in Libby and Rexford, after a county vote. Previously, crossings were made on horseback – dangerous – or via ferries, which had started operating in 1892. Phone service reached the area in 1913. U.S. Route 2 was proposed and a volunteer fire department was created. The 1918 flu closed the local mill and schools temporarily. By 1920, there was a Chinese restaurant, a church, and an electric plant in town, and World War I increased the town's mining activity; the rapid expansion and labor conditions sometimes led to strikes and labor conflicts.
The town's population reached 1000 residents in 1924, and the same year, the town's Lincoln Theatre opened. The population peaked around 1926, but in March of that year, the Great Northern Railway moved its freight terminal elsewhere, leaving "only three supervisors and [a] small force of Japanese [workers]." Fires destroyed a concentrator in 1927 and a sawmill in 1928, with neither rebuilt, and the region's mines decreased in activity.
The population dropped to as low as 428 during 1930 in the Great Depression. Still, the Lincoln Theatre began playing talking movies and the Windsor Hotel was renamed to the Great Northern Hotel, which stood until it burned down (for the second time) in 1941. A coffee house and cable shop operate on its former location. The Lincoln Theatre was remodeled in 1994.
In 2006, the Troy Jail and the Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Bridge were added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Vermiculite cleanup
After citizens, media, and local government raised concerns, the United States Environmental Protection Agency began in 1999 to investigate the contamination of the area surrounding Libby and Troy from vermiculite mines in Libby, which were themselves contaminated with a toxic and easily crumbled form of tremolite-actinolite series asbestos, sometimes named Libby Amphibole asbestos (LA). Removal actions began in 2000, and in 2002 the site was moved to the EPA's Superfund National Priorities List. In 2009, the EPA declared a Public Health Emergency (the first in the EPA's history) "to provide federal health care assistance for victims of asbestos-related disease."
In 2015, an EPA review of toxicity and risks found that the cleanups had managed asbestos exposure risk effectively. By the end of 2018, the EPA had removed "more than one million cubic yards of contaminated soil," and area cleanup was completed that year, except for the location of the former mine, which is the disposal site of the contaminated soil. Contaminated construction materials were disposed of "in a specially designed landfill cell." The remaining contamination is limited to the forests and property in or near the former mine, with cleanup plans pending and with controls for higher exposures during wildfire fighting.
The EPA transferred control of the site to the Montana Department of Environmental Quality in 2020.
Geography
Troy lies in a valley along the Kootenai River between the Purcell Mountains to the northeast and the Cabinet Mountains to the southwest.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water. Troy has an elevation of approximately above sea level and is the lowest town in elevation in Montana. Troy is from the border of Montana and Idaho. Troy's next closest city is Libby, which is away.
The Troy Mine, which produced silver and copper, was scheduled for closure in February 2015.
An early worker described the original flora of the city site as "a carpet of velvety green grass, thickly studded with wild flowers of most every hue and color." There are groves of ancient western red cedars nearby, some up to in diameter, which are a home for species of wildlife including pikas and flying squirrels.
Troy is located in the Kootenai River Gorge, which is geologically composed of "sandstone and thin layers of shale, with folds from compression that dates back 50 to 100 million years ago. The rock was deposited 1.5 million years ago, when much of Montana was covered by water. Ancient ripple marks and large stromatolites (the remains of algae mats) are visible in the canyon."
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Troy has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dsb" on climate maps. Troy's annual mean temperature is and its annual mean precipitation is . Flooding is an issue for the area.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 938 people, 454 households, and 240 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 490 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 94.3% White, 0.2% African American, 1.7% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.
There were 454 households, of which 25.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.2% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 47.1% were non-families. 37.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.71.
The median age in the city was 46.8 years. 20% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.9% were from 25 to 44; 35.7% were from 45 to 64; and 16.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.3% male and 50.7% female.
Economy and recreation
The area is covered by the Lincoln County Port Authority. Troy's modern economy is largely based on "mining, education, retail, and tourism," while its historical economy was based on mining and logging. A train freight yard, a sawmill, and an ore processing facility were the main employers until they were lost to relocation and fires in the late 1920s, just before the Great Depression. Gold, galena, and vermiculite were mined beginning in the late 1800s. During World War I, the town's mines produced lead, zinc, and silver, with much zinc exported to Belgium. In 2020, the Montana Community Solar Project assessed Troy public schools for their solar power potential and found the high school building had good potential. Since 2008, the school and city have been partially fueled by wood pellet waste from nearby lumber mills, replacing fuel oil use.
Notable nearby attractions include the Kootenai Falls and the Kootenai Falls Swinging Bridge, which was rebuilt in 2019 due to its increasing popularity. The Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Bridge in Troy is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Local activities include hiking, snowmobiling, camping, boating, rafting, bird watching, fishing, and geocaching. The Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation was founded by four Troy hunters to help conserve elk and other wildlife species. There is a disc golf course at the Troy Museum and Visitors' Center, which also hosts art events with the local glass art guild. Nearby parks host various cultural and music festivals.
Education
Troy has a public library, a branch of the Lincoln County Public Libraries. The town's branch opened in 1922 after the Lincoln County's Free County Library expanded.
Troy's first school, a one-room schoolhouse, was built in 1894. In 1937, the Bull Lake School in Bull Lake Valley and Fall Creek School by Schoolhouse Lake were consolidated into the Troy public school district. The public school district includes:
W.F. Morrison Elementary School (Kindergarten–Sixth grade)
Troy Junior-Senior High School (Seventh grade–Twelfth grade)
The high school provides adult education classes in the fall and spring. The school has a "school-to-work" program in which students can participate in summer projects based in the local economy and in which an AmeriCorps volunteer serves as a mentor for student college applications/visits and community involvement in student activities. After the Troy Art Club's ceramic ornaments were some of the ones chosen for the US National Christmas Tree in 2017, the club created a business, Wild In Montana, "assisting [the] economically depressed community and offering a class with real-world skills."
Other nearby schools with Troy addresses include:
McCormick Elementary School (K-8)
Yaak Elementary School (K-8)
The area qualifies for in-district tuition at Flathead Valley Community College (FVCC) in Kalispell, Montana, as well as FVCC's Lincoln County Campus in Libby, which has the "Glacier Bank Adult Basic Education Learning Center where students can take free classes in preparation for their GED exams."
Transportation
Troy is on U.S. Route 2, between Yaak to the north and Libby to the southeast. Montana Highway 56 is three miles to the southeast of Troy.
The Troy Airport is one mile northwest of the majority of the town of Troy.
The closest Amtrak station is in Libby, 18 miles away. The Empire Builder served the town until February 15, 1973.
Notable people
Les Balsiger, religious activist with a Troy office
Rachel Dolezal, civil rights activist
B. C. Edwards, football coach (died in Troy)
Blaine McElmurry, professional football player (retired)
Genevieve Pezet, American-French artist
Jay Ward, Major League Baseball player who retired in Troy
Popular culture
Troy is featured in Max Brooks' post-apocalyptic zombie novel World War Z as a safe zone for humanity.
2011 novella Train Dreams mentions the town.
The nearby Kootenai Falls and the Swinging Bridge were featured in the 1994 movie The River Wild. The original bridge was constructed by the Civilian Conservation Corps during the Great Depression, and the falls are a sacred site to the Kutenai tribes who originally lived in the area.
The Kootenai Falls were featured in the 2015 movie The Revenant.
References
External links
Sources of local landmark names
Cities in Lincoln County, Montana
Cities in Montana
Mining communities in Montana | [
0.013035409152507782,
0.6661811470985413,
0.19316747784614563,
-0.036514654755592346,
0.8065258264541626,
0.6123296618461609,
0.6096775531768799,
0.6451185345649719,
0.31385934352874756,
0.12814070284366608,
-0.12952636182308197,
0.06407453864812851,
-0.21610350906848907,
0.9417548775672913,
-0.7243639230728149,
0.2180284559726715,
-0.10574652999639511,
0.749643862247467,
0.636459231376648,
0.17768700420856476,
0.14843213558197021,
-0.3299065828323364,
0.5915452837944031,
0.36628350615501404,
-0.017565442249178886,
0.21989892423152924,
0.6089970469474792,
0.47039011120796204,
-0.4065920114517212,
-0.13565440475940704,
-0.4366726875305176,
-0.03233367204666138,
-0.5187814831733704,
-0.37902235984802246,
-0.014529332518577576,
-0.04139702767133713,
0.19737042486667633,
0.0554535798728466,
-0.2379630208015442,
-0.26447153091430664,
-0.2924276888370514,
-0.05647685006260872,
-0.11249692738056183,
-0.05526791140437126,
-0.12539169192314148,
-0.3432057499885559,
-1.3309893608093262,
0.5777134895324707,
-0.8354297876358032,
-0.6697221398353577,
-1.1400706768035889,
-0.21617679297924042,
0.13108620047569275,
0.16859042644500732,
0.7711071372032166,
0.5739678144454956,
-0.7737715840339661,
-0.13148614764213562,
0.15626509487628937,
0.17869815230369568,
-0.5649495124816895,
0.5635762214660645,
0.432931512594223,
0.18574605882167816,
-0.24998115003108978,
-0.37857168912887573,
0.0068228524178266525,
0.38208091259002686,
0.26234540343284607,
-0.7718402743339539,
-0.0018109478987753391,
0.4473804235458374,
-0.6018477082252502,
0.6499043107032776,
0.060525983572006226,
0.7514405250549316,
-0.5358901619911194,
-0.004893010947853327,
0.051949404180049896,
-0.08370316028594971,
-0.07583677023649216,
0.2160763293504715,
0.3663136959075928,
-0.20767125487327576,
0.23236961662769318,
-0.13847056031227112,
-0.7441130876541138,
-0.19060996174812317,
0.24976879358291626,
0.4739423990249634,
-1.0414364337921143,
-0.32188302278518677,
-0.18122074007987976,
0.17801254987716675,
-0.12942899763584137,
-0.46407103538513184,
-0.16999351978302002,
0.711940586566925,
-0.40200236439704895,
0.35183894634246826,
-0.08065052330493927,
-0.3473270833492279,
0.8482133746147156,
-0.1758589893579483,
-0.6714242100715637,
-0.45015013217926025,
-0.6799185276031494,
0.07470455020666122,
0.5490948557853699,
-0.09555058181285858,
-0.19911685585975647,
0.431904137134552,
0.40208473801612854,
-0.45240649580955505,
-0.1905011236667633,
0.16036772727966309,
0.00780059676617384,
-0.30001941323280334,
-0.3987005949020386,
-0.4737998843193054,
0.11879397183656693,
0.6114964485168457,
-0.4447409510612488,
-0.2530183494091034,
-0.04112792760133743,
0.554740846157074,
0.5510520339012146,
0.020932819694280624,
-0.19025827944278717,
0.08182880282402039,
-0.6437984704971313,
0.6371188163757324,
-0.4626769423484802,
0.36683890223503113,
-0.314570814371109,
-0.5870202779769897,
-0.09102637320756912,
-0.48160845041275024,
0.685800313949585,
0.1994524747133255,
-0.5731909871101379,
-0.07989537715911865,
-0.051235318183898926,
0.24323445558547974,
0.4164438545703888,
-0.39676129817962646,
0.019267840310931206,
-0.5269103050231934,
0.2692757546901703,
0.47793087363243103,
-0.13870303332805634,
0.34375929832458496,
0.30425503849983215,
0.8364531397819519,
-0.09215343743562698,
0.2947986125946045,
0.6279757022857666,
0.41895627975463867,
0.578374445438385,
0.6713820695877075,
-0.11377532035112381,
1.3844220638275146,
0.8124651908874512,
0.18281422555446625,
0.4613259732723236,
-0.11046083271503448,
0.4932937026023865,
-0.36798402667045593,
0.5485156178474426,
0.23461702466011047,
-0.1326257884502411,
0.39306020736694336,
0.8510375618934631,
0.18089920282363892,
0.33331218361854553,
-0.6278397440910339,
0.5807676315307617,
0.28856074810028076,
-0.31311094760894775,
-0.2683298587799072,
-0.7740123271942139,
0.5256357789039612,
0.14960584044456482,
0.6431024074554443,
-0.34596750140190125,
-0.1394292265176773,
0.3363589346408844,
-0.32130441069602966,
-0.3798719048500061,
-1.332330584526062,
-0.5611080527305603,
-0.38344141840934753,
0.7887243032455444,
-0.49954119324684143,
0.8536468148231506,
-0.33115848898887634,
-0.1941654533147812,
-0.10009200870990753,
-0.7649027109146118,
0.2840021550655365,
0.09588657319545746,
-0.4735352098941803,
0.4750928580760956,
-0.47348806262016296,
-0.07752806693315506,
0.060544900596141815,
0.3008909523487091,
-0.03995048627257347,
0.5039456486701965,
0.7999207377433777,
0.2346414029598236,
-0.6547485589981079,
0.03080981969833374,
0.783007025718689,
-0.9633702039718628,
-0.14419981837272644,
-0.10672658681869507,
0.06366065889596939,
0.5945064425468445,
-0.3929293155670166,
0.8479443192481995,
0.24028931558132172,
0.003304932964965701,
-0.5531320571899414,
-0.2663050889968872,
0.4533679783344269,
0.5761995911598206,
-0.2788606882095337,
-0.3378802239894867,
0.29265478253364563,
0.23107068240642548,
0.38237452507019043,
0.008799958042800426,
-0.512628436088562,
-0.24714452028274536,
-0.5441400408744812,
0.16939041018486023,
-0.15269768238067627,
0.3581201434135437,
-0.6308688521385193,
-0.16936084628105164,
0.36928629875183105,
-0.5268291234970093,
0.1474745273590088,
0.17798113822937012,
0.818755030632019,
0.1075572818517685,
-0.031526681035757065,
0.14297163486480713,
-0.7229442000389099,
0.19554315507411957,
-0.042840417474508286,
0.6627157926559448,
0.056407276540994644,
-0.029265617951750755,
0.1644936203956604,
-0.39761969447135925,
-0.2315092235803604,
0.5649552941322327,
0.21145804226398468,
-0.14887429773807526,
0.3754548132419586,
-0.43774449825286865,
-0.18721334636211395,
0.7149789333343506,
-0.3891083896160126,
-0.1491248905658722,
-0.9298839569091797,
-0.2503986358642578,
0.6188459992408752,
0.43252480030059814,
0.0021525160409510136,
-0.5743890404701233,
0.3757747411727905,
0.867220401763916,
0.8495527505874634,
-0.6999480724334717,
-0.5570493936538696,
-0.9882693290710449,
0.213908389210701,
0.2544921338558197,
1.1825823783874512,
-0.5856987833976746,
-0.4740462601184845,
-0.19759544730186462,
-0.5608476400375366,
0.46352335810661316,
-0.22200872004032135,
-0.5772184729576111,
-0.20671948790550232,
-0.1844891607761383,
-0.2098650187253952,
-0.4328306019306183,
0.24942424893379211,
-0.7238370180130005,
-0.03532668203115463,
0.5999539494514465,
-0.223136305809021,
0.6228153705596924,
-0.5499609708786011,
-0.43218129873275757,
0.33941248059272766,
-0.8647896647453308,
0.3162764310836792,
0.17884638905525208,
-0.6970158219337463,
0.2513335645198822,
-0.5343350768089294,
-4.716669082641602,
0.5496780276298523,
-0.7095216512680054,
-0.564326822757721,
0.49893900752067566,
-0.7242429852485657,
-0.36459416151046753,
-0.27268746495246887,
-0.005036140792071819,
0.1009150967001915,
-0.21526479721069336,
-0.46494296193122864,
-0.24286264181137085,
0.9387176632881165,
0.9758700132369995,
0.3956364393234253,
0.6874322891235352,
-0.6721657514572144,
0.8200309872627258,
0.6340951919555664,
-0.41548046469688416,
0.2908969819545746,
-0.46140173077583313,
0.13293975591659546,
0.9932977557182312,
0.6366158723831177,
-0.3920915722846985,
-0.4321272373199463,
-0.5783287286758423,
0.08557209372520447,
-0.15306344628334045,
-0.10495967417955399,
-0.8461695313453674,
-0.17283284664154053,
0.16952592134475708,
-0.12114407122135162,
0.2326696515083313,
-0.6207492351531982,
0.5269155502319336,
-0.410239577293396,
0.525395929813385,
0.4155344069004059,
-0.5322527289390564,
-0.23482674360275269,
1.0158485174179077,
-0.43816402554512024,
-0.6843579411506653,
-0.1385938674211502,
-0.14418132603168488,
0.7967677712440491,
0.43832504749298096,
0.5076375603675842,
1.106066346168518,
-0.13900461792945862,
0.36669403314590454,
-0.3611981272697449,
0.07270120829343796,
0.004449538886547089,
-0.45283132791519165,
0.5649571418762207,
-0.05863191559910774,
-0.6603164672851562,
0.04740685224533081,
0.23904889822006226,
0.019819922745227814,
-0.5291289687156677,
0.5091003775596619,
0.15320660173892975,
-0.07325311005115509,
-0.14738576114177704,
-0.11241596192121506,
0.7254771590232849,
-0.5619873404502869,
-0.5025621652603149,
0.05923360958695412,
-0.3135049641132355,
-0.3187296390533447,
0.24641726911067963,
-1.009236216545105,
-0.17104566097259521,
-0.174644336104393,
-0.03281516581773758,
0.5932813882827759,
0.5086126923561096,
0.6130418181419373,
-0.46610569953918457,
-0.150737926363945,
0.3115978538990021,
0.17490442097187042,
-0.7359635233879089,
1.2713518142700195,
-0.08895337581634521,
0.7225265502929688,
-0.49648517370224,
-0.04996044188737869,
0.17429645359516144,
0.6279547810554504,
-0.08035344630479813,
0.08274035900831223,
-0.1815011352300644,
0.044066932052373886,
0.056195344775915146,
-0.1988772302865982,
-0.1551377773284912,
-0.4590848684310913,
-0.7768414616584778,
0.1321091502904892,
0.3069179952144623,
0.7870581150054932,
-0.4697703421115875,
-0.6081825494766235,
-0.06255321204662323,
-0.7797732949256897,
-0.05791842192411423,
-0.1660146862268448,
0.2972744405269623,
-0.1449822187423706,
0.24985352158546448,
0.7633634805679321,
0.5438394546508789,
-0.1934535801410675,
-0.2915308177471161,
-0.22133809328079224,
-0.059803370386362076,
-0.30699002742767334,
-0.4771534502506256,
0.37109631299972534,
0.16404566168785095,
0.1858741194009781,
0.21293310821056366,
-0.25915950536727905,
0.153689906001091,
-0.7229262590408325,
-0.23210293054580688,
-0.915129542350769,
0.2802765369415283,
-0.18241026997566223,
-0.905226469039917,
0.20380112528800964,
0.1912209540605545,
0.29964354634284973,
0.00036074506351724267,
-0.43037354946136475,
0.8223481178283691,
-0.36782240867614746,
0.14409135282039642,
0.39262956380844116,
0.19606709480285645,
-1.0510504245758057,
0.6515511274337769,
-0.6920502781867981,
-0.4231671094894409,
0.3539997339248657,
-0.44604966044425964,
0.19352847337722778,
-0.23970595002174377,
0.2497321516275406,
0.60682213306427,
-0.16067606210708618,
0.0069120111875236034,
0.4589603543281555,
-0.2459164559841156,
-0.28192633390426636,
1.1823272705078125,
-0.1559024304151535,
-0.2328704595565796,
-0.3377242684364319,
-0.042534757405519485,
-0.6301099061965942,
0.4237922132015228,
0.7667703628540039,
-0.3974858820438385,
-0.20933224260807037,
-0.3629325330257416,
0.47555848956108093,
-0.4338925778865814,
0.04754297807812691,
0.2544487714767456,
-0.11673411726951599,
0.01108168251812458,
0.08566837012767792,
-0.6336211562156677,
-0.7464615702629089,
-0.2562088966369629,
0.4306958317756653,
-0.2352682501077652,
-0.1528569757938385,
-0.5866017937660217,
0.4714399576187134,
0.09227722138166428,
-0.3545590937137604,
-0.2662898600101471,
0.25130391120910645,
-0.07814118266105652,
0.04768294468522072,
-0.7502928376197815,
0.5884935259819031,
0.48226356506347656,
-0.5699325799942017,
-0.5749149918556213,
0.09071972966194153,
0.4243910312652588,
-0.31183549761772156,
0.0184522345662117,
0.20491407811641693,
-0.6859418153762817,
0.6002617478370667,
0.4011707007884979,
-0.4647957980632782,
0.7128086090087891,
-0.3407140076160431,
-0.6430544853210449,
0.5698550343513489,
0.34364446997642517,
-0.015548278577625751,
0.7545034289360046,
0.30748313665390015,
0.6126238107681274,
-0.8382470011711121,
-0.13389752805233002,
-0.44515368342399597,
-0.09062018990516663,
-0.16776520013809204,
-0.4000708758831024,
-0.4282773435115814,
0.0009581334888935089,
0.15412093698978424,
0.16349026560783386,
0.5566661953926086,
-1.0514366626739502,
0.2617863714694977,
0.17027907073497772,
0.04813254624605179,
0.08499129861593246,
0.9377137422561646,
0.4522946774959564,
-0.3088763952255249,
0.07883438467979431,
-0.05204642936587334,
-0.4135593771934509,
0.44195836782455444,
1.2579456567764282,
0.4422132968902588,
-0.11447538435459137,
-0.5818502902984619,
-0.13719938695430756,
0.6513669490814209,
-0.07387921959161758,
-1.6568626165390015,
0.959846019744873,
0.8389700055122375,
-0.5574663281440735,
-1.1652324199676514,
-0.20775547623634338,
0.9683753252029419,
-0.35120728611946106,
-0.2625913619995117,
0.9485114216804504,
-0.3057011067867279,
0.46277087926864624,
0.42174434661865234,
-0.04583917185664177,
0.17921999096870422,
0.17610175907611847,
0.3947339355945587,
-0.014101153239607811,
0.22607260942459106,
-0.6247760653495789,
0.28335335850715637,
-1.2464951276779175,
-0.052915893495082855,
-0.19375282526016235,
0.3822505474090576,
0.03679729625582695,
-0.9765031337738037,
-0.03472861647605896,
0.026455644518136978,
-0.4013545513153076,
-0.35737666487693787,
0.11535855382680893,
-0.23829585313796997,
0.36715587973594666,
0.03680345043540001,
0.10362287610769272,
0.27058523893356323,
-0.6599569320678711,
-0.20490911602973938,
0.034528449177742004,
-1.183741807937622,
0.5214866995811462,
-0.23249053955078125,
-0.14159327745437622,
0.23088620603084564,
-0.9023282527923584,
-0.26189401745796204,
0.37369492650032043,
0.2740236818790436,
0.3112679719924927,
-0.4385945200920105,
0.7963002920150757,
-0.25398439168930054,
0.8621187210083008,
0.003851364366710186,
-1.3461185693740845,
0.2643556594848633,
-0.19582337141036987,
-0.43777573108673096,
-0.7049131393432617,
0.4434994161128998,
0.0375199168920517,
0.181236132979393,
0.004705667030066252,
0.26588690280914307,
0.5076280236244202,
-0.689166247844696,
0.43068912625312805,
0.13289755582809448,
-0.6934319734573364,
-0.9716532230377197,
0.6125993132591248,
-0.9945449233055115,
0.18421292304992676,
0.24955102801322937,
0.47432777285575867,
0.1678529679775238,
1.0159927606582642,
-0.06981297582387924,
0.33771589398384094,
-0.20168937742710114,
0.32427313923835754,
-0.4048745632171631,
-0.9735323786735535,
-0.6619966626167297,
0.24073339998722076,
-0.5228150486946106,
-0.25882089138031006,
0.2759202718734741,
-0.6033577919006348,
-0.5952269434928894,
0.42141181230545044,
0.021418776363134384,
0.25355032086372375,
-0.10956577211618423,
-0.032381512224674225,
0.18434233963489532,
-0.014219946227967739,
-0.0549020990729332,
0.035125456750392914,
0.22550031542778015,
0.12409376353025436,
0.14032454788684845,
-0.12483377009630203,
-0.7269439101219177,
-1.0446995496749878,
-0.7566431760787964,
-0.2959022521972656,
-0.022925229743123055,
-0.26067593693733215,
-0.33513811230659485,
0.25294753909111023,
0.04089536517858505,
-0.4923109710216522,
0.7614747285842896,
-0.14390438795089722,
-0.11822681874036789,
-0.465641051530838,
0.3451727032661438,
-0.48423051834106445,
-0.36530810594558716,
1.1382994651794434,
0.5416503548622131,
1.018545389175415,
0.07121013849973679,
0.24784019589424133,
-0.01519777625799179,
0.8298537135124207,
0.5646525025367737,
0.47137337923049927,
-0.4096069037914276,
0.21868929266929626,
-0.5346465110778809,
0.5206151604652405,
-0.6197391152381897,
0.32407882809638977,
-0.4025692939758301,
-0.7010255455970764,
0.18811868131160736,
0.42123064398765564,
-0.028382476419210434,
-0.7601497769355774,
0.30368462204933167,
-0.1373429149389267,
0.10650185495615005,
-0.3571690618991852,
-0.02890715003013611,
-0.23421421647071838,
-0.16853956878185272,
0.3865765333175659,
0.5020819902420044,
0.3796035647392273,
0.6271795630455017,
-0.23358196020126343,
0.6425924897193909,
-0.12818093597888947,
0.2742236852645874,
0.2623072564601898,
-0.17580202221870422,
0.38090676069259644,
-0.6603149175643921,
0.04171694442629814,
-0.10447842627763748,
0.23361670970916748,
-0.42534923553466797,
0.5959979891777039,
-0.0356522798538208,
0.25877419114112854,
0.8356499671936035,
-0.12014412134885788,
-0.6182814836502075,
-0.40564942359924316,
0.4282725155353546,
-0.38470205664634705,
0.2546725869178772,
0.5210122466087341,
-0.30433276295661926,
-0.17759142816066742,
0.2416575849056244,
-0.15364207327365875,
-0.6495753526687622,
0.3399798572063446,
0.42573118209838867,
-1.202811598777771,
0.014718216843903065,
0.15869538486003876,
-0.510676383972168,
-0.5299110412597656,
-0.22092364728450775,
0.9645804762840271,
0.03891555592417717,
-0.19513662159442902,
-0.042706191539764404,
-0.37228742241859436,
-0.018176626414060593,
-0.07026313990354538,
0.6074596047401428,
0.7036455273628235,
-1.1907297372817993,
-0.7212538123130798,
-1.0113204717636108,
0.35152068734169006,
-0.12637335062026978,
-0.299964964389801,
0.18918298184871674,
-0.02599640004336834,
0.1646183282136917,
0.23039768636226654,
0.5548990964889526,
-0.752726137638092,
0.4931620955467224,
-0.23143886029720306
]
|
123504 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alder%2C%20Montana | Alder, Montana | Alder is a census-designated place (CDP) in Madison County, Montana, United States. The population was 116 at the 2000 census. The community takes its name from Alder Creek (named by Henry Edgar in 1863), the site of the second major gold discovery in Montana.
Geography
Alder is located at (45.324531, -112.108035). Montana Highway 287 passes through town. Ruby Reservoir is to the south.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Alder has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 116 people, 48 households, and 25 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 57.6 people per square mile (22.3/km). There were 69 housing units at an average density of 34.3 per square mile (13.3/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 100.00% White.
There were 48 households, out of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.8% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47.9% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.44.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 26.7% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 27.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.3 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $26,458, and the median income for a family was $33,750. Males had a median income of $22,500 versus $30,000 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,300. There were no families and 1.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and none of those over 64.
In popular culture
Alder is mentioned in the song ‘Myrna Loy’, by American songwriter Josh Ritter, from his 2017 album Gathering.
Alder is the setting for the western romance novel Desperate Hearts by Roseanne Bittner.
See also
List of census-designated places in Montana
References
Exteernal links
Census-designated places in Madison County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.10405587404966354,
0.7927878499031067,
-0.13213102519512177,
-0.24272184073925018,
-0.016804469749331474,
0.3587658405303955,
0.7521823048591614,
0.35157305002212524,
0.5550821423530579,
-0.17927074432373047,
-0.1382567584514618,
-0.2174788862466812,
-0.9257440567016602,
0.6842496395111084,
-0.5678388476371765,
0.2218083143234253,
0.18478797376155853,
1.1023409366607666,
0.6006909608840942,
-0.0034732199274003506,
0.08584506809711456,
-0.6874783039093018,
-0.04166317358613014,
0.3374175727367401,
0.12479546666145325,
0.033080846071243286,
0.21809935569763184,
-0.12488576769828796,
-0.29801228642463684,
0.39466819167137146,
-0.021958641707897186,
1.0067399740219116,
-0.4153918921947479,
-0.5456538796424866,
-0.10065776109695435,
-0.08830176293849945,
0.585885763168335,
-0.35289466381073,
-0.047678228467702866,
-0.1693468540906906,
-0.5640885233879089,
-0.3507617712020874,
-0.052815765142440796,
0.29921939969062805,
-0.199064239859581,
-0.33528292179107666,
-1.2999058961868286,
0.600317656993866,
-0.8705400228500366,
-0.19445200264453888,
-1.0269256830215454,
-0.64896559715271,
0.12074727565050125,
0.1229332685470581,
0.2276506870985031,
0.28756439685821533,
-0.12946271896362305,
0.2528300881385803,
0.7388647198677063,
0.23779955506324768,
-0.1903022974729538,
0.23637662827968597,
0.4980016350746155,
-0.21993857622146606,
0.000322048959787935,
0.032821547240018845,
-0.2839876711368561,
0.2653305232524872,
0.1747816950082779,
-0.4721743166446686,
-0.11452467739582062,
-0.26485055685043335,
-0.6864718198776245,
0.45757120847702026,
0.25034311413764954,
0.6122589111328125,
-0.5279013514518738,
-0.17848260700702667,
-0.16201616823673248,
-0.029682522639632225,
0.24022917449474335,
0.4191882610321045,
0.48322755098342896,
-0.09129195660352707,
0.02877410128712654,
0.10894586890935898,
-0.8739471435546875,
0.0642690360546112,
-0.033989839255809784,
0.4611111879348755,
-0.9991300106048584,
-0.46369826793670654,
0.1559394896030426,
-0.12692080438137054,
0.09333659708499908,
-0.36471137404441833,
0.04011255130171776,
0.2978382110595703,
-0.645572304725647,
0.36066317558288574,
0.036046065390110016,
0.697114109992981,
1.220338225364685,
-0.23382829129695892,
-0.7424510717391968,
-0.6228662729263306,
-0.5897417068481445,
-0.03900352865457535,
0.44491931796073914,
-0.21948279440402985,
-0.24696452915668488,
0.6613823771476746,
-0.14337681233882904,
-0.2826860249042511,
-0.26074180006980896,
0.910759687423706,
0.229355126619339,
-0.09305047988891602,
0.08239533007144928,
-0.10887587070465088,
0.1711091697216034,
0.7463346719741821,
-0.565193235874176,
0.01085301861166954,
-0.4808911383152008,
0.4976958930492401,
0.2821808457374573,
-0.03516661375761032,
0.03451388701796532,
0.6424912214279175,
-0.9693261384963989,
0.6025311946868896,
0.014493760652840137,
0.1272488236427307,
-0.16105780005455017,
-0.5059671401977539,
-0.3670685589313507,
-0.26989611983299255,
0.36475980281829834,
0.08155692368745804,
-0.9291352033615112,
-0.28971067070961,
-0.24008974432945251,
-0.30028483271598816,
0.8401449918746948,
-0.07749053090810776,
-0.13864150643348694,
-1.006833553314209,
0.17569641768932343,
0.2794569134712219,
0.3218621611595154,
-0.06129786744713783,
0.6143255829811096,
0.3978666663169861,
-0.1331729143857956,
0.24321487545967102,
0.5525592565536499,
0.21690668165683746,
0.658562958240509,
0.7604801654815674,
0.17273765802383423,
0.81496262550354,
1.1505789756774902,
-0.04679230973124504,
0.689626157283783,
0.00661512091755867,
0.462337851524353,
-0.15474364161491394,
0.3682512044906616,
0.4020451009273529,
-0.4567294418811798,
0.33536961674690247,
0.8454897403717041,
-0.3279497027397156,
0.6387634873390198,
-0.6812974214553833,
0.5429221391677856,
0.07156223803758621,
-0.2648698091506958,
-0.3500708341598511,
-0.8075287938117981,
0.23795904219150543,
0.342311292886734,
0.3185785412788391,
-0.26701194047927856,
0.19492286443710327,
0.07290686666965485,
0.3627854585647583,
0.07367470115423203,
-0.3823349177837372,
-0.3319714665412903,
-0.9539828300476074,
0.9195497632026672,
-0.08078926056623459,
0.45153552293777466,
-0.03078717365860939,
-0.49727973341941833,
0.26147541403770447,
-0.2603295147418976,
0.37255769968032837,
-0.18298976123332977,
-0.4662815034389496,
0.4462997615337372,
-0.57498699426651,
-0.04990246891975403,
0.11321859061717987,
0.21890804171562195,
-0.17758865654468536,
0.26031890511512756,
0.33715617656707764,
0.6017853021621704,
-0.3065038025379181,
-0.029122548177838326,
1.0209426879882812,
-0.5340376496315002,
0.15372218191623688,
0.03051280975341797,
0.33750057220458984,
0.6960845589637756,
-0.36978790163993835,
0.263796329498291,
0.19383294880390167,
-0.24046124517917633,
-0.09701082110404968,
-0.2996852695941925,
0.40583527088165283,
0.8443384170532227,
0.20975913107395172,
0.0308991689234972,
0.24291035532951355,
0.7884769439697266,
-0.10302004218101501,
0.11658856272697449,
0.05747716501355171,
-0.552953839302063,
-0.16292017698287964,
-0.4555838406085968,
-0.16683609783649445,
1.0832312107086182,
-0.703328549861908,
-0.183803528547287,
0.5278435349464417,
-0.43247270584106445,
0.02573390118777752,
0.3759910464286804,
0.6664705872535706,
0.4442273676395416,
0.261556476354599,
-0.03521592915058136,
-0.11962705850601196,
-0.05051417648792267,
-0.2516931891441345,
0.20002204179763794,
-0.4855864346027374,
-0.006913580000400543,
0.04344518482685089,
-0.04307345673441887,
0.23952388763427734,
0.7527147531509399,
-0.14955095946788788,
-0.12981407344341278,
0.09046235680580139,
-0.33545902371406555,
0.1677645444869995,
0.5838255286216736,
-1.011303186416626,
-0.5098034143447876,
-0.8145233988761902,
-0.17314712703227997,
0.27322474122047424,
0.7091101408004761,
0.26327529549598694,
-0.049708276987075806,
0.3342118263244629,
0.45001524686813354,
-0.04794482886791229,
-0.3743077218532562,
-0.4404197037220001,
-0.8188403844833374,
0.18968908488750458,
0.642896831035614,
1.2771389484405518,
-0.06643743813037872,
-0.06836086511611938,
-0.5611445307731628,
-0.5940473675727844,
0.9664275646209717,
-0.19514508545398712,
-0.5236462950706482,
-0.10134387761354446,
0.05653616040945053,
0.22320884466171265,
-0.396025687456131,
0.7603591084480286,
-0.6591615080833435,
0.08502397686243057,
0.27655723690986633,
-0.05749109759926796,
0.40419307351112366,
-0.7588715553283691,
-0.31438612937927246,
0.042088527232408524,
-1.085697054862976,
0.38672390580177307,
-0.6203681826591492,
-0.18394628167152405,
-0.031475313007831573,
-0.030129950493574142,
-4.781542778015137,
0.6723430752754211,
-0.1825130134820938,
-0.3683397173881531,
0.15873733162879944,
-0.5034424662590027,
0.12150578945875168,
-0.5290589332580566,
-0.26645368337631226,
0.47805044054985046,
-0.34743449091911316,
-0.4638671576976776,
0.36932751536369324,
0.7912044525146484,
0.9889851212501526,
0.3606336712837219,
0.5178456902503967,
-0.6118196249008179,
0.4673060476779938,
0.5309076309204102,
-0.5367418527603149,
0.13864034414291382,
-0.1283419132232666,
0.31946733593940735,
0.5897064805030823,
0.6649174094200134,
0.0261206217110157,
-0.14117547869682312,
-0.606258749961853,
-0.46710073947906494,
0.7872956395149231,
-0.07985399663448334,
-0.4248523712158203,
-0.07492353767156601,
-0.29009607434272766,
-0.0434366874396801,
0.5075151920318604,
-0.16007660329341888,
0.17070543766021729,
-0.6965462565422058,
0.3183307647705078,
0.4112894833087921,
-0.5976345539093018,
-0.3060756027698517,
0.4532942473888397,
0.18514804542064667,
-0.6506736874580383,
-0.11682494729757309,
0.2104894518852234,
0.7289729714393616,
0.38922378420829773,
0.7641110420227051,
0.6571129560470581,
0.2995541989803314,
0.19535040855407715,
-0.2844039499759674,
0.281075119972229,
-0.04628076031804085,
-0.5650448799133301,
0.13157330453395844,
0.4967619478702545,
-0.1963590383529663,
0.3814091980457306,
0.10805097222328186,
0.5857716798782349,
-0.570533275604248,
0.6509904265403748,
0.16558249294757843,
0.25752583146095276,
-0.24920232594013214,
0.37340298295021057,
0.49496620893478394,
-0.3389320969581604,
-0.6921647787094116,
0.429884672164917,
-0.7340153455734253,
0.22194910049438477,
0.19185400009155273,
-0.41839221119880676,
-0.11589308083057404,
-0.4535534679889679,
-0.017142392694950104,
0.3411262631416321,
0.5128661394119263,
0.5831893682479858,
-0.45148327946662903,
0.2740250825881958,
0.1759434938430786,
-0.38496625423431396,
-0.790093183517456,
0.8304444551467896,
-0.08745412528514862,
0.3507991433143616,
-0.18682736158370972,
-0.34482425451278687,
0.15489733219146729,
0.6043718457221985,
0.3403817117214203,
0.4046414792537689,
-0.27634376287460327,
0.5773177742958069,
-0.2230597585439682,
0.04466249793767929,
-0.49547699093818665,
-0.18863780796527863,
-0.32776910066604614,
0.0019677660893648863,
0.2632618844509125,
0.9099337458610535,
-0.9010648727416992,
-0.43530863523483276,
-0.04313228279352188,
-0.21565955877304077,
-0.17538407444953918,
0.46935635805130005,
0.23566393554210663,
-0.3647170066833496,
0.6740015745162964,
0.6496816277503967,
0.16635408997535706,
0.13689987361431122,
-0.5761093497276306,
-0.25964707136154175,
-0.00039701780769973993,
0.4475509226322174,
0.02140902914106846,
0.4511864185333252,
-0.09825827926397324,
-0.4717878997325897,
0.1502533257007599,
0.025734439492225647,
-0.22698098421096802,
-0.5272157192230225,
-0.2428460270166397,
-0.44864141941070557,
-0.06606899201869965,
-1.020569086074829,
-0.5092536807060242,
0.36803194880485535,
0.17978915572166443,
0.5528960824012756,
0.23668351769447327,
-0.6871715784072876,
0.8208010196685791,
-0.13727159798145294,
0.5270773768424988,
0.38970789313316345,
0.017664678394794464,
-1.3970489501953125,
0.061925310641527176,
-0.4639243185520172,
-0.264425665140152,
-0.23750846087932587,
-0.8980051875114441,
0.3573162853717804,
0.03883444145321846,
0.18012012541294098,
0.3394702076911926,
-0.44475850462913513,
-0.5672693252563477,
0.11996559798717499,
-0.3709259033203125,
-0.6577574610710144,
0.8860121965408325,
-0.18019415438175201,
-0.36133965849876404,
-0.34410277009010315,
0.056772660464048386,
-0.6382021903991699,
0.3643781542778015,
0.39493808150291443,
-0.28641143441200256,
-0.19249144196510315,
0.020082132890820503,
0.6062735915184021,
-0.03089137002825737,
-0.2172439843416214,
-0.027261419221758842,
0.06882477551698685,
-0.49639037251472473,
-0.27627137303352356,
-0.24770759046077728,
-0.9497610330581665,
0.09573305398225784,
0.09599458426237106,
-0.6774684190750122,
-0.5245293378829956,
-0.06393840163946152,
-0.2915727198123932,
0.1254175305366516,
0.006682569161057472,
-0.3564303517341614,
0.23165078461170197,
-0.00714285159483552,
-0.34433650970458984,
-0.8597524762153625,
0.02662705071270466,
-0.1747593879699707,
-0.2986067831516266,
-0.950812578201294,
0.35008206963539124,
0.05012862756848335,
-0.45333343744277954,
0.16163475811481476,
-0.1776360422372818,
-1.2371699810028076,
0.5547084212303162,
1.1713019609451294,
-0.8362716436386108,
1.1271228790283203,
0.0012619566405192018,
-1.0489253997802734,
0.3500613570213318,
0.5667563080787659,
0.2868412137031555,
0.5558444261550903,
0.031793396919965744,
0.19852396845817566,
-0.32882407307624817,
-0.17678721249103546,
-0.31530219316482544,
-0.3207457959651947,
0.18083712458610535,
-0.6555560231208801,
-0.5584748387336731,
0.329680472612381,
0.23775531351566315,
-0.38802045583724976,
0.9491053819656372,
-0.519127607345581,
0.384295254945755,
0.5588226914405823,
-0.2800332009792328,
0.7156274318695068,
0.6194531917572021,
0.17984099686145782,
-1.116029977798462,
-0.15488475561141968,
0.2075880914926529,
0.055677760392427444,
0.2795496881008148,
0.811027467250824,
0.06154102087020874,
-0.5733256936073303,
-0.5394303202629089,
0.16082024574279785,
0.3116524815559387,
-0.07232972979545593,
-1.1073148250579834,
0.6572571992874146,
1.1467170715332031,
-0.6409485340118408,
-0.4847327470779419,
-0.04378659278154373,
1.5352765321731567,
-0.4759284555912018,
-0.04860464110970497,
0.8870029449462891,
-0.28197458386421204,
0.530914306640625,
0.015273191034793854,
0.16921131312847137,
0.050329919904470444,
0.8083313703536987,
0.44606512784957886,
-0.24668475985527039,
-0.1255485713481903,
-0.7809073328971863,
0.06651868671178818,
-1.0271286964416504,
-0.3461676239967346,
-0.752024233341217,
0.5027866363525391,
-0.1132357195019722,
-0.75784832239151,
-0.39082950353622437,
0.16720037162303925,
-0.7872440814971924,
-0.5110294818878174,
0.018511954694986343,
-0.8045303225517273,
-0.004834660794585943,
0.4267745912075043,
-0.30512818694114685,
0.042529135942459106,
-1.1486477851867676,
-0.4278810918331146,
-0.10444328933954239,
-0.7838128209114075,
0.11093597859144211,
-0.4097101390361786,
-0.13861501216888428,
-0.1873481571674347,
-0.5182887315750122,
0.12679222226142883,
0.2593221068382263,
0.05033040791749954,
0.17028245329856873,
-0.7984797954559326,
-0.09574885666370392,
-1.1973118782043457,
1.0703669786453247,
-0.22764527797698975,
-0.14912045001983643,
0.0332660935819149,
0.2638026475906372,
0.0680537149310112,
-0.38272663950920105,
-0.06028440222144127,
0.0584576316177845,
0.21935074031352997,
0.14921137690544128,
0.12625300884246826,
1.07846999168396,
-0.9161277413368225,
0.3309222459793091,
0.06304532289505005,
-0.4762957692146301,
-0.08590371161699295,
0.575195848941803,
-0.6849164366722107,
-0.20075826346874237,
0.479529470205307,
0.7117447853088379,
-0.26653698086738586,
0.9962040781974792,
0.15250073373317719,
0.6334283947944641,
0.1326933354139328,
0.3128340244293213,
-0.39655837416648865,
-1.1441748142242432,
-0.6700966954231262,
0.4683265686035156,
-0.6486517786979675,
-0.38278746604919434,
0.07208652794361115,
-0.4523200988769531,
-0.6657024025917053,
0.13412132859230042,
-0.20545391738414764,
0.36629119515419006,
0.06314539164304733,
0.07758437842130661,
0.07786902785301208,
-0.19987845420837402,
0.003638078225776553,
0.3341086208820343,
0.46984097361564636,
-0.39458370208740234,
-0.6752340197563171,
-0.27602410316467285,
-0.13152433931827545,
-1.0179197788238525,
-0.7467683553695679,
0.1809142678976059,
0.18838804960250854,
-0.36411741375923157,
-0.34654268622398376,
0.29374751448631287,
-0.1194010004401207,
-0.8604397773742676,
0.35522571206092834,
0.014854137785732746,
0.015731986612081528,
-0.7875974178314209,
0.3092763125896454,
-0.9294713139533997,
-0.38431593775749207,
0.8448328971862793,
0.5211138129234314,
-0.05927380919456482,
0.10926949977874756,
0.3436885476112366,
-0.06493952870368958,
0.6573183536529541,
0.5472394227981567,
0.04234212264418602,
-0.04886956140398979,
0.48679521679878235,
-0.2696332633495331,
0.6005574464797974,
-0.3376656770706177,
-0.7985780239105225,
-0.2077636569738388,
-0.8925126791000366,
-0.2514595687389374,
0.28524693846702576,
0.16081807017326355,
-0.7436707615852356,
0.0911346822977066,
-0.15744097530841827,
-0.31968772411346436,
-0.16407546401023865,
0.30374661087989807,
-0.10076522082090378,
0.23016437888145447,
0.5502251386642456,
0.6073368787765503,
-0.0659925639629364,
0.2944255769252777,
-0.03298074007034302,
0.619415819644928,
-0.3546505868434906,
0.19895039498806,
0.680282473564148,
-0.21640446782112122,
0.23004741966724396,
-0.37023526430130005,
0.7462249994277954,
0.2356284260749817,
0.06491947919130325,
-0.03827274590730667,
0.795654296875,
-0.04966147616505623,
-0.33253389596939087,
0.4738543629646301,
-0.12699031829833984,
-0.4262361526489258,
0.09825806319713593,
0.22041013836860657,
-0.6480076313018799,
0.012489426881074905,
0.4983578622341156,
-0.30218926072120667,
-0.0909215658903122,
-0.14178799092769623,
-0.25385040044784546,
-0.6977361440658569,
0.4459660053253174,
0.2534778416156769,
-1.0788178443908691,
-0.45176437497138977,
-0.27066370844841003,
-0.3646109402179718,
-0.6833149194717407,
-0.4674943685531616,
1.279614806175232,
0.41266006231307983,
-0.20702262222766876,
0.18989422917366028,
-0.20293143391609192,
0.0756724402308464,
-0.0058990055695176125,
0.5701227188110352,
1.0784670114517212,
-1.1595711708068848,
-0.7084453701972961,
-0.45346304774284363,
0.6887820959091187,
-0.07153701037168503,
-0.6186110973358154,
0.06425024569034576,
0.014578690752387047,
0.06498584896326065,
0.31298717856407166,
0.3920857012271881,
-0.3269549012184143,
0.8147002458572388,
0.08812358975410461
]
|
123505 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennis%2C%20Montana | Ennis, Montana | Ennis is a town in Madison County, Montana, United States, in the southwestern part of the state. The population was 917 at the 2020 census.
U.S. Route 287 runs through town, following the Madison River as it descends from the town of West Yellowstone.
History
In 1863, gold was discovered in Alder Gulch. This brought on "the rush." Two months later, William Ennis homesteaded the site along the Madison River that was soon to become the town of Ennis, his namesake.
In 1886, a mystery creature was noted for making livestock kills in the Madison Valley. A local rancher, Israel Ammon Hutchins, finally shot and killed the beast, after accidentally shooting one of his cattle, which was on the other side of some brush. A local taxidermist stuffed the canine. Jack Kirby (Hutchins' Grandson) tracked the mount to a Museum in Pocatello, Idaho, circa 2007.
Avid Aircraft, a manufacturer of homebuilt aircraft, was located in Ennis. The company ceased operations in 2003.
The 2003 Ennis shooting took place on June 14 of that year, when 44-year-old George Harold Davis opened fire outside the Silver Dollar Saloon bar on Main Street. He killed one man and injured six others. He then fled to Missoula County, where he was finally stopped and arrested by police. He was sentenced to eleven life terms for the crime.
The Thexton Ranch is located approximately south of Ennis, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Geography
The town is flanked by Tobacco Root Mountains to the northwest, the Gravelly Range to the southwest and the Madison Range to the east. Approximately north of town, the Madison Dam creates Ennis Lake at the head of Bear Trap Canyon. A large "E" has been placed in a hill west of the town at this location:
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and is water.
Climate
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 838 people, 416 households, and 207 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 527 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 96.9% White, 0.1% African American, 0.8% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.
There were 416 households, of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.8% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 50.2% were non-families. 42.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.91 and the average family size was 2.60.
The median age in the town was 49.8 years. 15.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.2% were from 25 to 44; 30.7% were from 45 to 64; and 25.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.4% male and 50.6% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 840 people, 367 households, and 219 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,240.2 people per square mile (476.9/km2). There were 434 housing units at an average density of 640.8 per square mile (246.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.98% White, 0.48% from other races, and 1.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.71% of the population.
There were 367 households, out of which 27.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.9% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.1% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.87.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 23.0% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $30,735, and the median income for a family was $38,542. Males had a median income of $30,956 versus $16,875 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,310. About 7.7% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.9% of those under age 18 and 11.7% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
Ennis is the center of a long-standing ranching economy in the Madison River Valley. Large cattle and sheep ranches dot the valley north and south of the town along the river. Ennis is also a major tourist attraction and angling destination for fly fisherman targeting rainbow and brown trout. The small town hosts at least three fly shops and numerous resorts that cater to fly anglers with guided fishing trips on the Madison and in nearby Yellowstone National Park. Ennis is home to Willie's Distillery, known for its bourbon and moonshine, and one of the growing number of micro-distilleries in Montana.
Education
Ennis Schools educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. Ennis High School's team name is the Mustangs.
Ennis has a public library, the Madison Valley Public Library.
Arts and culture
The Ennis Chamber of Commerce has organized an annual 4th of July parade since the early 1980s. In 2014, the Chamber hosted its 79th annual Fourth of July parade. The annual parade down main street in Ennis attracts visitors from throughout the U.S. and is considered one of the best small town parades in Montana. The 4th of July celebration in Ennis includes a rodeo event at the Ennis Rodeo Grounds just west of town. For at least the last decade, the Madison River Foundation, headquartered in Ennis has sponsored an annual 'Ennis on the Madison' Fly Fishing Festival in mid August. The festival attracts anglers and fly fishing luminaries from around the U.S. Each summer, Ennis hosts three long distance runs, collectively known as the Madison Trifecta. A duathlon is held over the 4th of July weekend between Ennis and Virginia City, Montana. A full marathon, the highest elevation run (over ) in America is held in the Gravelly Range in late July. The Madison Triathlon is held in August of every year between Ennis and Harrison, Montana. In October, the Chamber of Commerce also hosts the annual Hunters Feed. It takes place the day before rifle season opens. Locals line up on Main St. and cook a wild game dish for the attendees to sample. In the past there has been elk, moose, deer, pheasant, and bob cat to try. A winner is chosen for the best chili, best non-chili dish, and most unusual dish. Ennis is also home to Montana's first combined brewery and distillery festival, Tap Into Ennis. The event occurs the third Saturday in May which coincides with the first day of fishing season on the Madison River. The Chamber hosts the event and invites Montana breweries and distilleries, artists, and local music acts. Ennis also hosts the Madison Valley Arts Festival, typically the second Saturday of August.
Infrastructure
Ennis is served by the Big Sky Airport. The closest airport with regularly scheduled commercial service is Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport, away.
In popular culture
The plot of Steven Seagal's film The Patriot was set in this town.
Ennis was featured on an episode of Haunted Highway in 2012.
Wildlife restoration
In 2012, a few miles south of Ennis, in restored wetlands along O'Dell spring creek and the Madison River, Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks and the Montana Audubon Society undertook a project to reintroduce trumpeter swans to the Madison Valley. In August 2012, five trumpeter swan cygnets were released in restored wetlands. The goals of the project are to establish at least five breeding pairs of trumpeter swans through annual releases over five years.
References
External links
Ennis official website
Ennis Chamber of Commerce
Towns in Madison County, Montana | [
0.4456958472728729,
0.9242916107177734,
-0.009711644612252712,
-0.2563577890396118,
0.3966265916824341,
0.28823429346084595,
1.1001359224319458,
1.0011504888534546,
-0.02234291099011898,
-0.5484938621520996,
-0.251420795917511,
0.21337682008743286,
-0.4826330244541168,
0.6898695826530457,
-0.2922264337539673,
-0.08485226333141327,
0.36422860622406006,
1.061777114868164,
0.7068194150924683,
-0.2426544576883316,
0.2422359734773636,
-0.6099773645401001,
0.212549090385437,
0.44109928607940674,
0.19607855379581451,
0.4558752179145813,
0.26359280943870544,
0.055114176124334335,
0.1983662098646164,
0.013622147031128407,
-0.27731990814208984,
0.7369105815887451,
-0.445247620344162,
-0.50794517993927,
-0.17127124965190887,
-0.40255361795425415,
0.28575101494789124,
0.3983418047428131,
0.20244289934635162,
-0.02316189371049404,
-0.5724579691886902,
-0.5812457799911499,
0.2007068246603012,
-0.35893845558166504,
-0.09168695658445358,
-0.6865739822387695,
-1.4376260042190552,
0.5691185593605042,
-1.0950385332107544,
-0.20852065086364746,
-0.8939368724822998,
-0.8071271777153015,
-0.09498922526836395,
0.9200867414474487,
0.4891258180141449,
0.3504196107387543,
-0.6471143364906311,
0.10466058552265167,
0.7088391184806824,
0.6540396809577942,
-0.3183142840862274,
0.39932534098625183,
-0.1185288205742836,
-0.2598998248577118,
-0.40618830919265747,
0.0221111923456192,
0.3507188558578491,
0.5194380879402161,
0.1746826022863388,
-0.5661166906356812,
0.01602211594581604,
0.40375208854675293,
-0.1974177211523056,
0.6086240410804749,
0.6470731496810913,
0.6220178604125977,
-0.4630601108074188,
-0.3044906258583069,
-0.12545230984687805,
0.03868671506643295,
0.5366564989089966,
0.6552504897117615,
0.4157125651836395,
-0.15595801174640656,
0.19100321829319,
-0.3017800748348236,
-1.5096224546432495,
0.06389422714710236,
0.27024221420288086,
0.5260536670684814,
-0.9161295294761658,
-0.17335690557956696,
-0.08260808885097504,
-0.3200278878211975,
0.04692935198545456,
0.07174807041883469,
-0.29787567257881165,
0.6720494627952576,
0.09705982357263565,
0.4216974675655365,
0.38822710514068604,
-0.17520475387573242,
0.9598031044006348,
-0.40169042348861694,
-0.6255819201469421,
-0.6290618181228638,
-0.5613664984703064,
-0.26109251379966736,
0.3049044609069824,
-0.2173239141702652,
-0.4489717185497284,
0.31903842091560364,
0.3162589371204376,
-0.895017147064209,
-0.42208489775657654,
0.042207762598991394,
0.3917171061038971,
-0.5630234479904175,
-0.144009068608284,
-0.3540562391281128,
0.14633925259113312,
0.43522903323173523,
-0.18174192309379578,
0.22968295216560364,
-0.26851192116737366,
0.6259992122650146,
0.21988847851753235,
-0.0362379290163517,
0.2970505356788635,
0.4071175754070282,
-0.6846554279327393,
0.7905709147453308,
-0.23675069212913513,
0.35822880268096924,
-0.033516936004161835,
-0.7529022693634033,
-0.04170957952737808,
-0.24330243468284607,
0.2165481299161911,
0.20978368818759918,
-0.7696794271469116,
0.17748375236988068,
-0.16431471705436707,
0.30383825302124023,
0.5911061763763428,
0.04580971971154213,
0.43278196454048157,
-0.7835125923156738,
0.1601071059703827,
-0.01747799664735794,
0.295185387134552,
0.05733137205243111,
0.3959459662437439,
0.7647233009338379,
0.1264622062444687,
0.6708312630653381,
0.46946728229522705,
0.4972684383392334,
0.29365986585617065,
0.6396181583404541,
0.20674623548984528,
0.9783506989479065,
0.9429749250411987,
0.4682289659976959,
0.602363646030426,
-0.5717066526412964,
0.6479775309562683,
-0.1450190395116806,
0.49612998962402344,
0.511716902256012,
-0.2092692255973816,
0.36381107568740845,
0.6530094146728516,
-0.27869513630867004,
0.5170302987098694,
-0.7007756233215332,
0.6552193760871887,
0.4130619466304779,
-0.025168582797050476,
-0.34377196431159973,
-0.7958383560180664,
0.44093698263168335,
0.520048201084137,
-0.315908819437027,
-0.4391319751739502,
0.2480136901140213,
0.4968830943107605,
-0.3167426288127899,
-0.5617957711219788,
-0.6980412006378174,
-0.5602613687515259,
-0.6958742737770081,
0.8319861888885498,
-0.5268540978431702,
0.4826781153678894,
-0.014474309980869293,
0.1754901111125946,
0.6342846751213074,
-0.7143579721450806,
0.04446221515536308,
0.004032852128148079,
-0.42725229263305664,
1.181477427482605,
-0.8275869488716125,
-0.5050888061523438,
0.5180026292800903,
0.16291652619838715,
-0.1441342532634735,
-0.21692626178264618,
0.751581609249115,
0.5537002086639404,
-0.37188199162483215,
-0.0903666540980339,
0.7806559801101685,
-0.9903928637504578,
0.21087495982646942,
0.07446814328432083,
-0.28946709632873535,
0.18374761939048767,
0.12097850441932678,
0.5781553387641907,
0.4016306400299072,
0.47030219435691833,
-0.7021703124046326,
-0.04331903159618378,
0.3961763083934784,
0.8603283166885376,
-0.15026895701885223,
-0.4789295792579651,
0.2617551386356354,
-0.002030051313340664,
-0.3871910870075226,
0.38015279173851013,
0.14091186225414276,
0.3826996386051178,
-0.394025057554245,
-0.3904159963130951,
-0.1588117629289627,
0.6983717083930969,
-0.5820742845535278,
-0.04589200019836426,
-0.059810392558574677,
-0.3008088767528534,
0.47984781861305237,
0.21488504111766815,
1.1627260446548462,
-0.0330951064825058,
-0.08429734408855438,
-0.10065478831529617,
-0.2394571602344513,
0.1491556614637375,
0.016525276005268097,
0.5050258040428162,
-0.60441654920578,
-0.00952574796974659,
0.03759966418147087,
0.10498353838920593,
0.1361546516418457,
0.6395823955535889,
-0.036963917315006256,
-0.4318445324897766,
-0.0486871674656868,
-0.12322214990854263,
-0.3756941556930542,
0.1517776995897293,
-1.137495756149292,
-0.42583414912223816,
-0.807044267654419,
-0.14102934300899506,
0.5871689319610596,
1.1336148977279663,
-0.008893189020454884,
-0.10789814591407776,
0.39561668038368225,
0.5991281867027283,
0.2528953552246094,
-0.5915119647979736,
-0.22590993344783783,
-1.3072166442871094,
0.1608504354953766,
0.06800136715173721,
1.0710632801055908,
-0.5683612823486328,
-0.007670215331017971,
-0.30609995126724243,
-0.3887389302253723,
1.1373955011367798,
-0.35394787788391113,
-0.30986395478248596,
-0.34522169828414917,
0.6379762291908264,
0.0457209087908268,
-0.2894883453845978,
0.3132467269897461,
-0.10800626128911972,
0.13822567462921143,
0.27781984210014343,
0.3290994167327881,
0.43070873618125916,
-0.5765664577484131,
0.22445295751094818,
0.6970998048782349,
-0.4933740794658661,
0.45061948895454407,
0.15980198979377747,
-0.39177027344703674,
0.5247684121131897,
-0.29964175820350647,
-4.486262798309326,
0.5570856332778931,
-0.2126217633485794,
-0.49330881237983704,
0.17371520400047302,
-0.5695217847824097,
0.19688425958156586,
-0.37564805150032043,
-0.09964453428983688,
0.5030207633972168,
0.16354483366012573,
-0.24536028504371643,
0.11058510094881058,
0.9905073642730713,
0.7464853525161743,
-0.005684793461114168,
0.7599442601203918,
-0.4621276259422302,
0.7490835785865784,
0.5958777666091919,
-0.6472758650779724,
0.24222686886787415,
0.2130618840456009,
0.036570750176906586,
0.9036681056022644,
0.22106169164180756,
-0.019597923383116722,
-0.4355398714542389,
-0.43639999628067017,
-0.3587636351585388,
0.25404661893844604,
-0.0766381099820137,
-0.6356688141822815,
-0.5186296105384827,
-0.42448505759239197,
-0.49787211418151855,
0.4435242712497711,
-0.3882562220096588,
0.78565913438797,
-0.23877829313278198,
0.103978231549263,
0.0851871520280838,
-0.4168827533721924,
-0.14775370061397552,
0.8129684925079346,
-0.04617094248533249,
-0.163300022482872,
-0.09026826173067093,
0.12308219820261002,
1.1035951375961304,
0.48161789774894714,
0.3166310787200928,
0.8535969853401184,
0.02011365257203579,
0.39456793665885925,
-0.1912987232208252,
-0.49474647641181946,
0.41091781854629517,
-0.5086483955383301,
0.9140286445617676,
0.1066506952047348,
-0.6142469048500061,
-0.1298559010028839,
0.11676429212093353,
0.09221725165843964,
-0.6267126798629761,
0.0383823961019516,
0.07845707982778549,
0.20496241748332977,
0.08087752014398575,
0.06273888796567917,
0.6153546571731567,
-0.4383542239665985,
-0.5169113278388977,
0.10761038213968277,
-0.772176206111908,
-0.11138226836919785,
-0.02308264747262001,
-0.7282284498214722,
0.010484875179827213,
-0.3063071072101593,
-0.13831527531147003,
0.5928188562393188,
0.5756943821907043,
0.48173677921295166,
-0.12402071803808212,
-0.36461341381073,
0.05680384486913681,
-0.1146387904882431,
-1.2410881519317627,
0.6217584609985352,
-0.009374542161822319,
0.45161744952201843,
-0.42680782079696655,
-0.38123467564582825,
0.2619956135749817,
0.541665256023407,
0.10848233848810196,
0.13061214983463287,
-0.2537076771259308,
-0.024407465010881424,
-0.43376317620277405,
0.25663360953330994,
-0.03949899598956108,
-0.4783422350883484,
-0.9848755598068237,
0.3436925709247589,
0.25878244638442993,
0.6127259135246277,
-0.9238525629043579,
-0.7088807225227356,
-0.09911361336708069,
-0.8771652579307556,
0.044105928391218185,
0.15511906147003174,
-0.2424226701259613,
-0.05997708812355995,
0.1048743799328804,
0.3021751344203949,
0.5389607548713684,
-0.14696219563484192,
-0.05148547142744064,
-0.14467059075832367,
-0.7313597202301025,
0.14820745587348938,
-0.7108725309371948,
0.31741610169410706,
-0.1347326785326004,
-0.286373496055603,
-0.005440957844257355,
-0.5461614727973938,
0.08379366993904114,
-0.36161181330680847,
-0.19330798089504242,
-0.5480304956436157,
-0.11711525171995163,
-0.6009973287582397,
-0.3970077931880951,
0.29836174845695496,
0.7056162357330322,
0.46757152676582336,
0.15721116960048676,
-0.8495062589645386,
0.7617072463035583,
-0.13317757844924927,
0.542573869228363,
0.43022045493125916,
-0.420839786529541,
-1.2830219268798828,
0.4171757102012634,
-0.8840882778167725,
-0.5450478196144104,
-0.06106577068567276,
-0.8339842557907104,
0.3384936451911926,
0.09358086436986923,
-0.0031938243191689253,
0.3115687370300293,
-0.23498302698135376,
-0.23928813636302948,
0.5791242718696594,
-0.4826509356498718,
-0.2382834255695343,
1.2082055807113647,
-0.06932620704174042,
-0.15527178347110748,
-0.27155691385269165,
-0.14296729862689972,
-0.9178022742271423,
0.2638930380344391,
0.5874933004379272,
-0.22648312151432037,
-0.5127684473991394,
0.16734559834003448,
0.40169957280158997,
-0.20540861785411835,
-0.08244670182466507,
0.36272627115249634,
-0.06950891017913818,
-0.423098087310791,
-0.18868054449558258,
-0.5311524271965027,
-0.8290916681289673,
-0.603290855884552,
-0.04392169043421745,
-0.4653039872646332,
-0.3061411380767822,
-0.17710702121257782,
-0.39077237248420715,
0.2072930485010147,
-0.043841682374477386,
-0.7314146757125854,
0.046867672353982925,
-0.25414416193962097,
0.3229014575481415,
-0.6417613625526428,
0.3763574957847595,
-0.3567355275154114,
-0.21548616886138916,
-0.5771800875663757,
0.7153156995773315,
0.3418644070625305,
-0.17502421140670776,
0.05304965749382973,
-0.45464110374450684,
-0.9014943838119507,
0.12962117791175842,
0.7970913648605347,
-1.016390323638916,
0.7667491436004639,
-0.3605155646800995,
-0.9735954403877258,
0.7578427791595459,
0.49986720085144043,
-0.026446036994457245,
0.35800901055336,
0.7827150225639343,
0.5877535343170166,
-0.41338223218917847,
-0.4495035707950592,
-0.44268232583999634,
0.132753387093544,
-0.18402287364006042,
-0.5457064509391785,
-0.7287285327911377,
0.18801279366016388,
0.5964086651802063,
-0.23434369266033173,
1.4705114364624023,
-1.216468095779419,
-0.31338050961494446,
0.4870510399341583,
-0.217220276594162,
0.46676334738731384,
0.5083540678024292,
0.3813561201095581,
-0.1716577708721161,
0.03553827852010727,
0.2022799700498581,
0.04837779328227043,
0.06634156405925751,
0.8848564028739929,
0.669748842716217,
-0.3454058766365051,
-0.8158798813819885,
-0.055387530475854874,
0.6238476037979126,
-0.24599581956863403,
-1.2682900428771973,
0.5470761060714722,
0.5313192009925842,
-0.5950199961662292,
-0.5653820037841797,
-0.07043919712305069,
0.8672616481781006,
-0.7425039410591125,
-0.04285360500216484,
0.8708820939064026,
-0.2704273760318756,
0.2901814579963684,
0.08767320215702057,
-0.4715677797794342,
0.08680225163698196,
0.6307052373886108,
0.5033634901046753,
-0.18050767481327057,
-0.1350322812795639,
-0.6191160082817078,
0.2154826819896698,
-0.8692588806152344,
-0.4632849097251892,
-0.7509961128234863,
-0.006716263014823198,
-0.1186937466263771,
-0.22573694586753845,
0.032081566751003265,
-0.10212239623069763,
-0.8480920195579529,
-0.9446048736572266,
-0.4853540062904358,
-0.5958546996116638,
-0.490460067987442,
0.432974636554718,
-0.07338330149650574,
0.15372368693351746,
-0.7729047536849976,
-0.4409767985343933,
0.17325255274772644,
-0.868752121925354,
0.29971635341644287,
-0.38102707266807556,
-0.06802210956811905,
-0.08970776945352554,
-0.7915338277816772,
-0.10594353824853897,
0.18735003471374512,
-0.05176213011145592,
0.2527770698070526,
-0.4208349585533142,
0.166850283741951,
-0.991766095161438,
0.8267292380332947,
-0.6189243793487549,
-0.7014718651771545,
0.18469884991645813,
0.1632385104894638,
-0.9136176109313965,
-0.590875506401062,
0.4757278561592102,
0.7009378671646118,
0.26584160327911377,
0.2940461039543152,
0.19633810222148895,
1.0810253620147705,
-0.6665558815002441,
0.43462470173835754,
0.44275400042533875,
-0.8471165299415588,
-0.3472507894039154,
0.08050939440727234,
-0.6464647054672241,
0.35060712695121765,
0.5649916529655457,
0.826037585735321,
-0.4248465299606323,
1.185815453529358,
-0.036573007702827454,
0.4006800055503845,
0.11248654872179031,
0.15183909237384796,
-0.1521712839603424,
-0.6878443956375122,
-0.9998724460601807,
0.347507119178772,
-0.5622376203536987,
-0.4309968948364258,
-0.04417409747838974,
-0.5515256524085999,
-0.016771934926509857,
0.1713164895772934,
0.3707581162452698,
0.440560519695282,
0.07434304058551788,
0.16706284880638123,
0.3373689651489258,
-0.2705563008785248,
0.11989440768957138,
0.08318009227514267,
0.14880989491939545,
-0.6249467730522156,
-0.2046225517988205,
-0.4671006202697754,
-0.22291868925094604,
-1.2127944231033325,
-0.7463312149047852,
0.43545809388160706,
-0.5227544903755188,
-0.4227788746356964,
-0.505673348903656,
-0.05917079374194145,
-0.028066787868738174,
-0.9550814628601074,
0.6283076405525208,
-0.39567360281944275,
-0.10917899012565613,
-0.2245330512523651,
0.46842285990715027,
-0.3037037253379822,
-0.4029256999492645,
0.7629905939102173,
0.2638342082500458,
0.13394275307655334,
0.09023451060056686,
0.184798464179039,
0.22261454164981842,
0.2737892270088196,
0.09526734054088593,
0.38728320598602295,
-0.35447707772254944,
0.02702592872083187,
-0.3912845849990845,
-0.10673242062330246,
-0.277977854013443,
-0.24465219676494598,
-0.1944447010755539,
-0.70127272605896,
-0.1373579055070877,
0.24771670997142792,
-0.032294224947690964,
-0.5475708842277527,
0.14852476119995117,
0.08649265021085739,
0.27918392419815063,
0.3156956434249878,
0.16563120484352112,
-0.06972654908895493,
0.014824694953858852,
0.9750139117240906,
0.7607380151748657,
0.37125420570373535,
0.786261260509491,
-0.07055465877056122,
0.07878085225820541,
-0.3256472945213318,
0.42552655935287476,
0.7417552471160889,
0.032575011253356934,
0.31671521067619324,
-0.8179416060447693,
0.4623631536960602,
0.09478902816772461,
0.5413430333137512,
0.10409881919622421,
0.8883832097053528,
-0.0014071736950427294,
-0.3044058084487915,
0.6479399800300598,
-0.16384312510490417,
-0.49291089177131653,
0.03273577243089676,
0.2921666204929352,
-0.7878250479698181,
0.5470326542854309,
0.03564700111746788,
-0.2909795641899109,
-0.08099905401468277,
0.027653954923152924,
-0.2007104903459549,
-0.47725269198417664,
0.5461981892585754,
-0.18818947672843933,
-0.8428384065628052,
-0.5997467041015625,
0.1260826289653778,
-0.5435538291931152,
0.10209204256534576,
-0.3960306942462921,
1.3802634477615356,
0.540053129196167,
-0.2846342921257019,
-0.360909640789032,
-0.15572351217269897,
-0.08724267035722733,
0.2886797785758972,
0.569516658782959,
0.7526159286499023,
-1.3416839838027954,
-1.0469069480895996,
-0.4080672562122345,
0.4023110866546631,
0.2100248634815216,
-0.3349723517894745,
0.008127102628350258,
0.09901469945907593,
-0.1863233745098114,
0.16975873708724976,
0.73569655418396,
-0.7262811064720154,
0.9664646983146667,
-0.2222009003162384
]
|
123510 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three%20Principles%20of%20the%20People | Three Principles of the People | The Three Principles of the People (; also translated as Three People's Principles, San-min Doctrine, or Tridemism) is a political philosophy developed by Sun Yat-sen as part of a philosophy to improve China. The three principles are often translated into and summarized as nationalism, democracy, and Socialism. This philosophy has been claimed as the cornerstone of the Republic of China's policy as carried by the Kuomintang (KMT); the principles also appear in the first line of the national anthem of the Republic of China.
Origins
In 1894 when the Revive China Society was formed, Sun only had two principles: nationalism and democracy. He picked up the third idea, welfare, during his three-year trip to Europe from 1896 to 1898. He announced all three ideas in the spring of 1905, during another trip to Europe. Sun made the first speech of his life on the "Three Principles of the People" in Brussels. He was able to organize the Revive China Society in many European cities. There were about 30 members in the Brussels branch at the time, 20 in Berlin, and 10 in Paris. After the Tongmenghui was formed, Sun published an editorial in Min Bao (民報). This was the first time the ideas were expressed in writing. Later on, in the anniversary issue of Min Bao, his long speech of the Three Principles was printed, and the editors of the newspaper discussed the issue of people's livelihood.
The ideology is said to be heavily influenced by Sun's experiences in the United States and contains elements of the American progressive movement and the thought championed by Abraham Lincoln. Sun credited a line from Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, "government of the people, by the people, for the people", as an inspiration for the Three Principles. Dr. Sun's Three Principles of the People are inter-connected as the guideline for China's modernization development as stretched by Hu Hanmin.
The Principles
Mínzú or Civic Nationalism
The Principle of Mínzú (民族主義, Mínzú Zhǔyì) is commonly rendered as "nationalism", literally "Populism" or "rule/government of the People", "Mínzú/People" clearly describing a nation rather than a group of persons united by a purpose, hence the commonly used and rather accurate translation "nationalism". By this, Sun meant independence from imperialist domination or oppression. To achieve this he believed that China must develop a "China-nationalism," Zhonghua Minzu, as opposed to an "ethnic-nationalism," so as to unite all of the different ethnicities of China. These were mainly composed of the five major groups, Han, Mongols, Tibetans, Manchus, and the Muslims (such as the Uyghurs), which together are symbolized by the Five Color Flag of the First Republic (1911–1928). To achieve this he believed that China must develop a "national consciousness" so as to unite the Chinese people in the face of imperialist aggression. He argued that "minzu", which can be translated as "people", "nationality" or "race", were defined by sharing common blood, livelihood, religion, language and customs. This sense of nationalism is different from the idea of "ethnocentrism," which equates to the same meaning of nationalism in Chinese language.
Mínquán or Governance Rights
The Principle of Mínquán (民權主義, Mínquán Zhǔyì) is usually translated as "democracy"; literally "the People's power" or "government by the People." To Sun, it represented a Western constitutional government. He divided political life of his ideal for China into two sets of "powers": the power of politics and the power of governance.
The power of politics (政權, zhèngquán) are the powers of the people to express their political wishes, similar to those vested in the citizenry or the parliaments in other countries, and is represented by the National Assembly. There are four of these powers: election (選舉), recall (罷免), initiative (創制), and referendum (複決). These may be equated to "civil rights".
The power of governance (治權, zhìquán) are the powers of administration. Here he expanded the European-American constitutional theory of a three-branch government and a system of checks and balances by incorporating traditional Chinese administrative systems to create a government of five branches (each of which is called a Yuan (院, yuàn, literally "court"). The Legislative Yuan, the Executive Yuan, and the Judicial Yuan came from Montesquieuan thought; the Control Yuan and the Examination Yuan came from Chinese tradition. (Note that the Legislative Yuan was first intended as a branch of governance, not strictly equivalent to a national parliament.)
Mínshēng or Welfare Rights
The Principle of Mínshēng (民生主義, Mínshēng Zhǔyì) is sometimes translated as "the People's welfare/livelihood," "Government for the People" or "Socialism" . The concept may be understood as social welfare and as a direct criticism of the inadequacies of unregulated capitalism. He was influenced by the American thinker Henry George. Sun intended to introduce a Georgist tax reform. The land value tax in Taiwan is a legacy thereof. Sun Yat-sen said that land value tax as "the only means of supporting the government is an infinitely just, reasonable, and equitably distributed tax, and on it we will found our new system."
He divided livelihood into four areas: clothing, food, housing, and mobility; and planned out how an ideal (Chinese) government can take care of these for its people. Sun died before he was able to fully explain his vision of this Principle and it has been the subject of much debate within both the Chinese Nationalist and Communist Parties, with the latter suggesting that Sun supported socialism. Chiang Kai-shek further elaborated the Mínshēng principle of both the importance of social well-being and recreational activities for a modernized China in 1953 in Taiwan.
Canon
The most definite (canonical) exposition of these principles was a book compiled from notes of speeches that Sun gave near Guangzhou (taken by a colleague, Huang Changgu, in consultation with Sun), and therefore is open to interpretation by various parties and interest groups (see below) and may not have been as fully explicated as Sun might have wished. Indeed, Chiang Kai-shek supplied an annex to the Principle of Mínshēng, covering two additional areas of livelihood: education and leisure, and explicitly arguing that Mínshēng was not to be seen as supporting either communism or socialism.
The French historian of Chinese history, Marie-Claire Bergère's view is that the book is a work of propaganda. Its purpose is to appeal to action rather than to thought. As Sun Yat-sen declared, a principle is not simply an idea; it is "a faith, a power."
Legacy
The Three Principles of the People were claimed as the basis for the ideologies of the Kuomintang under Chiang Kai-shek, of the Communist Party of China under Mao Zedong, and of the Reorganized National Government of China under Wang Jingwei. The Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China largely agreed on the meaning of nationalism but differed sharply on the meaning of democracy and people's welfare, which the former saw in Western social democratic terms and the latter interpreted in Marxist and communist terms. The Japanese collaborationist government interpreted nationalism less in terms of anti-imperialism and more in terms of cooperating with Japan to advance theoretically pan-Asian, but in practice, typically Japanese interests.
Republic of China (Taiwan)
There were several higher-education institutes (university departments/faculties and graduate institutes) in Taiwan that used to devote themselves to the 'research and development' of the Three Principles in this aspect. Since the late 1990s, these institutes have re-oriented themselves so that other political theories are also admitted as worthy of consideration, and have changed their names to be more ideologically neutral (such as Democratic Studies Institute).
In addition to this institutional phenomenon, many streets and businesses in Taiwan are named "Sān-mín" or for one of the three principles. In contrast to other politically derived street names, there has been no major renaming of these streets or institutions in the 1990s.
Although the term "Sanmin Zhuyi" (三民主義) has been less explicitly invoked since the mid-1980s, no political party has explicitly attacked its principles with practices under the Martial Law ruling era then except the Tangwai movement groups such as Democratic Progressive Party. The Three Principles of the People remains explicitly part of the platform of the Kuomintang and in the Constitution of the Republic of China.
As for Taiwan independence supporters, some have objections regarding the formal constitutional commitment to a particular set of political principles. Also, they have been against the mandatory indoctrination in schools and universities, which have now been abolished in a piecemeal fashion beginning in the late 1990s. However, there is little fundamental hostility to the substantive principles themselves. In these circles, attitudes toward the Three Principles of the People span the spectrum from indifference to reinterpreting the Three Principles of the People in a local Taiwanese context rather than in a pan-Chinese one.
Vietnam
The Vietnam Revolutionary League was a union of various Vietnamese nationalist groups, run by the pro-Chinese Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng. The Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng translates directly into Vietnamese Kuomintang, and it was based on the Chinese Kuomintang party. Its stated goal was for unity with China under the Three Principles of the People, and opposition to Japanese and French Imperialists. The Revolutionary League was controlled by Nguyễn Hải Thần, who was born in China. General Zhang Fakui shrewdly blocked the Communists of Vietnam, and Ho Chi Minh from entering the league, as his main goal was Chinese influence in Indo China. The KMT utilized these Vietnamese nationalists during World War II against Japanese forces.
The motto of Independence - Freedom - Happiness of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, despite its communist political background, was also taken from the Three Principles of People.
Tibet
The pro-Kuomintang and pro-ROC Khamba revolutionary leader Pandatsang Rapga, who established the Tibet Improvement Party, adopted Dr. Sun's ideology including the Three Principles, incorporating them into his party and using Sun's doctrine as a model for his vision of Tibet after achieving his goal of overthrowing the Tibetan government.
Pandatsang Rapga hailed the Three Principles of Dr. Sun for helping Asian peoples against foreign imperialism and called for the feudal system to be overthrown. Rapga stated that "The Sanmin Zhuyi was intended for all peoples under the domination of foreigners, for all those who had been deprived of the rights of man. But it was conceived especially for the Asians. It is for this reason that I translated it. At that time, a lot of new ideas were spreading in Tibet", during an interview in 1975 by Dr. Heather Stoddard. Dr. Sun's ideology was put into a Tibetan translation by Rapga.
He believed that change in Tibet would only be possible in a manner similar to when the Qing Dynasty was overthrown in China. He borrowed the theories and ideas of the Kuomintang as the basis for his model for Tibet. The party was funded by the Kuomintang and by the Pandatsang family.
Singapore
The establishment of the People's Power Party in May 2015 by opposition politician Goh Meng Seng marks the first time in contemporary Singaporean politics that a political party was formed with the Three Principles of the People and its system of having five branches of government as espoused by Sun Yat-Sen as its official guiding ideology.
The People's Power Party has adapted the ideas with a slight modification to the concepts of the Five Powers in order to stay relevant to modern contemporary political and social structures. The emphasis is put on the separation of the Five Powers which naturally means the separation of certain institutions from the Executive's control.
The Power of Impeachment (originally under the Control Yuan) has been expanded to include various contemporary functional government institutions. Examples include the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau, advocacy of Ombudsman Commission, Equal Opportunity Commission, Free Press and Freedom of Expression.
The Power of Examination has been adapted and modified to fit the modern concept of Selection for both political leaders as well as civil servants. This involves institutions like the Elections Department and Public Service Commission.
The People's Power Party advocates that the institutions included in these two powers, namely the Power of Impeachment and the Power of Selection, to be put under the supervision of Singapore's Elected President.
See also
Constitution of the Republic of China
Democracy in China
History of the Republic of China
Kuomintang
National Anthem of the Republic of China
National Revolutionary Army
Republic of China (1912–1949)
Politics of the Republic of China
Whampoa Military Academy
Three Principles of the Equality (Korean)
References
Bibliography
Sun Yat-sen, translated by Pasquale d'Elia.The Triple Demism of Sun Yat-Sen. New York: AMS Press, Inc., 1974.
External links
The Three Principles of the People (1924) by Sun Yat-Sen
1911 Revolution
Books in political philosophy
Centre-right ideologies
Chinese nationalism
Conservatism in Taiwan
Economic progressivism
Government of the Republic of China
Ideology of the Kuomintang
Nationalism in Asia
Political theories
Politics of the Republic of China
Social philosophy
State ideologies
Syncretic political movements | [
0.376140296459198,
0.3184538781642914,
-0.625473141670227,
-0.23980644345283508,
-0.5222516655921936,
0.5752853751182556,
0.6931101679801941,
-0.22978240251541138,
0.3928786516189575,
-0.6278859376907349,
-0.26258692145347595,
0.4576689302921295,
-0.5393534898757935,
0.05568130686879158,
-0.4707532525062561,
-0.09778838604688644,
0.8599028587341309,
0.21745353937149048,
-0.23425418138504028,
0.1676480621099472,
-0.7250248193740845,
0.1666656732559204,
0.00393957132473588,
-0.4539106488227844,
0.36268430948257446,
-0.04284936934709549,
0.7815879583358765,
0.10039171576499939,
0.38034379482269287,
0.005906078964471817,
0.02460164949297905,
0.8444268107414246,
-0.46377480030059814,
-0.23088034987449646,
-0.37394317984580994,
-0.024840272963047028,
-0.17610539495944977,
0.06346486508846283,
-0.35918816924095154,
-0.23129422962665558,
0.28802022337913513,
-0.5629169940948486,
0.46202099323272705,
0.26008087396621704,
0.17539790272712708,
-0.43798625469207764,
-1.6717615127563477,
0.26526981592178345,
-1.3243427276611328,
-0.27707454562187195,
-0.18047548830509186,
0.5612830519676208,
-0.0214404184371233,
0.5641759037971497,
-0.080301932990551,
0.7499514818191528,
-1.0312604904174805,
-0.3048035502433777,
-0.2245655208826065,
-0.6329718828201294,
-0.11139124631881714,
0.10161269456148148,
0.8496313691139221,
0.004351376090198755,
0.26134559512138367,
0.11123567819595337,
-0.36258116364479065,
0.5299004316329956,
0.0773826614022255,
0.10346110165119171,
0.06225281208753586,
-0.026370322331786156,
-0.4634619653224945,
0.8703886866569519,
-0.5462441444396973,
-0.5080456733703613,
0.1666642427444458,
-0.29755085706710815,
-0.007442826870828867,
-0.2984621822834015,
-0.4463823437690735,
0.3244973421096802,
0.14333564043045044,
0.24613291025161743,
-0.4465674161911011,
0.05165928229689598,
0.5787717700004578,
0.1374535709619522,
-0.12189090996980667,
0.6787155866622925,
-0.018847575411200523,
-0.31401684880256653,
0.6312707662582397,
-0.5400225520133972,
-0.5254253149032593,
-0.6745824217796326,
0.45699676871299744,
-0.14739440381526947,
-0.5233345627784729,
-0.07222011685371399,
0.180684894323349,
0.14040809869766235,
0.5578979253768921,
-0.06271079927682877,
-0.40508103370666504,
-0.21315927803516388,
0.011508575640618801,
-0.9643102288246155,
-0.028469718992710114,
-0.06380681693553925,
-0.6973728537559509,
0.41820040345191956,
0.22731558978557587,
0.28310585021972656,
-0.732154130935669,
0.26264435052871704,
-0.06515245884656906,
-0.25306451320648193,
-0.3864816427230835,
-0.11343604326248169,
0.723842203617096,
0.4684101939201355,
-0.33788782358169556,
0.09661610424518585,
0.5636855959892273,
-0.4157525599002838,
0.245401069521904,
-0.07818431407213211,
-0.36439329385757446,
-0.04866305738687515,
0.14087659120559692,
0.3954311013221741,
-0.015859074890613556,
-0.65599125623703,
-0.552632212638855,
-0.31299954652786255,
0.7359247803688049,
0.22001813352108002,
-0.5105975270271301,
0.15412987768650055,
-0.39307552576065063,
0.11577790230512619,
-0.039890795946121216,
-0.352567195892334,
0.3944644629955292,
0.08205701410770416,
-0.25642889738082886,
-0.35487258434295654,
-0.5822625756263733,
-0.32226669788360596,
-0.3543308675289154,
0.1287640631198883,
0.5860889554023743,
0.059247128665447235,
-0.21916620433330536,
1.107843279838562,
0.369661808013916,
0.19034484028816223,
0.02659773826599121,
-0.19286105036735535,
-0.021840626373887062,
-0.05210559815168381,
0.014881540089845657,
0.11929474025964737,
0.002945204498246312,
-0.44814008474349976,
-0.06375870108604431,
0.9436320066452026,
0.07946709543466568,
0.07003266364336014,
0.244485542178154,
-0.381154328584671,
0.02095518447458744,
0.006996434181928635,
0.1900249868631363,
-0.5082927346229553,
0.33604323863983154,
0.2586246728897095,
-0.09104277938604355,
0.18453367054462433,
-0.6199734807014465,
0.24461328983306885,
-0.006121621932834387,
-0.0015713829779997468,
0.5122466683387756,
-0.5253473520278931,
0.5899561643600464,
0.44724854826927185,
0.0022085511591285467,
0.23108388483524323,
-0.5648069977760315,
-0.4566611349582672,
0.4006965160369873,
-0.31914639472961426,
0.8782556056976318,
-0.05590413883328438,
-0.16454683244228363,
1.2103835344314575,
-0.20731154084205627,
0.173264741897583,
-0.1378985047340393,
-0.8472753167152405,
0.2585466504096985,
0.44767260551452637,
0.020829791203141212,
0.5702493190765381,
0.10447468608617783,
0.4041525721549988,
0.5692304372787476,
-0.06421524286270142,
-0.2018551528453827,
-0.07364865392446518,
-0.12235573679208755,
-0.21978208422660828,
-0.11589637398719788,
-0.5287656784057617,
-0.36268171668052673,
0.2741723954677582,
-0.1251750886440277,
0.30259624123573303,
0.8282421827316284,
0.09180252999067307,
-0.33440229296684265,
0.6854084730148315,
0.3755273222923279,
0.41721487045288086,
0.43406620621681213,
0.06178034096956253,
-0.15686960518360138,
-0.05259397625923157,
-0.10056442767381668,
-0.1543874889612198,
0.7850304841995239,
0.0742708146572113,
0.12163209170103073,
-0.4107256531715393,
-0.27916088700294495,
0.11932527273893356,
0.37518373131752014,
-0.696286141872406,
0.3992690145969391,
-0.12631134688854218,
-0.5078001618385315,
-0.1204896792769432,
-0.07751896977424622,
-0.18992489576339722,
-0.8522197604179382,
0.3595097064971924,
0.17812669277191162,
0.07831663638353348,
0.005888489540666342,
0.3306666314601898,
0.6919974684715271,
0.3164265751838684,
0.6835411787033081,
-0.11836788058280945,
-0.041811753064394,
-0.0792187824845314,
0.5883042812347412,
0.27121591567993164,
-0.2502520680427551,
0.13324518501758575,
0.14935041964054108,
0.06161678209900856,
-0.19589120149612427,
-0.4891122281551361,
0.18840208649635315,
-0.1282692551612854,
0.3252931237220764,
0.28089088201522827,
0.3187487721443176,
-0.2949472665786743,
-0.5570990443229675,
-0.0716715157032013,
0.05515217036008835,
-1.1156507730484009,
0.48234280943870544,
-0.028389468789100647,
-1.048004388809204,
-0.5704442262649536,
0.28473132848739624,
0.3225535452365875,
0.047250762581825256,
-0.45551514625549316,
0.3036530613899231,
-0.30548718571662903,
0.15604601800441742,
-0.24617767333984375,
0.5599963068962097,
0.6991398334503174,
-0.3739103376865387,
0.42891886830329895,
-0.1660289615392685,
-1.488232970237732,
0.08481736481189728,
0.5921939015388489,
0.10480315238237381,
-0.29945361614227295,
0.5435805320739746,
0.16064031422138214,
-0.09985892474651337,
-0.14054152369499207,
0.30093494057655334,
0.49597036838531494,
0.840637743473053,
-0.1282019168138504,
-0.23824553191661835,
0.8695520758628845,
-5.4686055183410645,
-0.6640692353248596,
-0.08369853347539902,
-0.13084940612316132,
0.3149099051952362,
0.4201664626598358,
0.5068565607070923,
-0.28057557344436646,
0.12581878900527954,
-0.36684587597846985,
-0.3115401864051819,
-0.5844076871871948,
0.22239495813846588,
0.1438686102628708,
0.22621849179267883,
0.12409643828868866,
-0.47709921002388,
-0.02628844417631626,
0.33585861325263977,
0.7115079760551453,
0.030748890712857246,
-0.42544034123420715,
-0.3506702780723572,
1.0601750612258911,
0.08090680092573166,
-0.20602457225322723,
-0.1708846390247345,
0.6246042847633362,
-0.5335647463798523,
0.1034722700715065,
0.06045389175415039,
-0.3687736988067627,
0.14818893373012543,
-0.3845582604408264,
0.12702977657318115,
-0.4420335292816162,
0.4083141088485718,
-0.2584565281867981,
0.29568973183631897,
-0.16610339283943176,
-0.43607479333877563,
0.028008192777633667,
0.14106930792331696,
0.2856898307800293,
0.349890798330307,
-0.184958353638649,
-0.41271549463272095,
-0.0469728522002697,
-0.5455272793769836,
0.5115986466407776,
0.056662850081920624,
0.3041042387485504,
0.4975150525569916,
-1.033555269241333,
0.1222635880112648,
0.4140310287475586,
0.39511802792549133,
-0.10375847667455673,
-0.864593505859375,
0.10384756326675415,
0.7540655732154846,
-0.19851751625537872,
-0.11284144967794418,
0.2614419758319855,
-0.02153841033577919,
-0.4804028272628784,
-0.6215208172798157,
-0.2359304130077362,
-0.35634422302246094,
0.007254454772919416,
-0.523830771446228,
0.7977638840675354,
-0.32798755168914795,
-1.0504741668701172,
0.13864855468273163,
-0.09327858686447144,
-0.21659067273139954,
-0.13834503293037415,
0.6158644556999207,
0.63416987657547,
-0.4934757649898529,
-0.33775219321250916,
0.013699600473046303,
0.9232290983200073,
0.7231518626213074,
0.06255261600017548,
0.42105039954185486,
0.40949755907058716,
-0.29634523391723633,
0.34436124563217163,
0.5326762199401855,
-0.6970861554145813,
0.6966272592544556,
0.39816024899482727,
0.6712086200714111,
0.23649030923843384,
-0.07048160582780838,
-0.1417952924966812,
0.6215177178382874,
-0.09813115000724792,
0.40940576791763306,
0.2966875433921814,
-0.1245015561580658,
-0.26897817850112915,
-0.48551398515701294,
-0.16259686648845673,
0.263121634721756,
0.630210816860199,
0.5821951627731323,
0.1928812563419342,
-0.03010679967701435,
0.23986053466796875,
0.20151083171367645,
0.19169913232326508,
0.5346525311470032,
0.15653005242347717,
-0.3388496935367584,
0.11590804904699326,
-0.008963974192738533,
0.5547194480895996,
0.17909817397594452,
0.7986182570457458,
-0.11862949281930923,
-0.18188367784023285,
-0.46729353070259094,
0.004202456679195166,
-0.2918914556503296,
0.16607986390590668,
-0.2945779263973236,
-0.22362583875656128,
0.7878154516220093,
-0.7505811452865601,
0.12094783037900925,
-0.140314981341362,
0.27444061636924744,
-0.4770267903804779,
-0.2389766424894333,
-0.4321146607398987,
-0.5457848310470581,
-0.1442885547876358,
-0.4387747347354889,
0.26593753695487976,
0.09804683178663254,
0.49793529510498047,
-0.03216548264026642,
-0.43879517912864685,
-0.5303285121917725,
-0.10956492274999619,
-0.14813266694545746,
0.6171371340751648,
0.6179147958755493,
-0.29541701078414917,
0.9355003833770752,
-0.2794342637062073,
-0.7836374640464783,
-0.13014012575149536,
-0.08561459928750992,
0.295722633600235,
-0.07947319000959396,
-0.1940794736146927,
-0.0889597088098526,
-0.37590327858924866,
-1.2076352834701538,
-0.5027267336845398,
0.20171234011650085,
-0.3091808557510376,
-0.21813321113586426,
-0.3684244155883789,
0.15775622427463531,
0.2639741003513336,
0.4965844750404358,
0.11593189835548401,
-0.19925479590892792,
-0.2514432966709137,
0.250315397977829,
0.2156428098678589,
-0.18463528156280518,
0.24329784512519836,
-0.11265133321285248,
0.001430980279110372,
-0.45367860794067383,
-0.1406617909669876,
-0.511224627494812,
-0.18778149783611298,
0.3342142701148987,
0.023159364238381386,
-0.06835632771253586,
-0.4582456052303314,
-0.32721149921417236,
-0.17482146620750427,
0.3329099714756012,
0.13229945302009583,
0.15461774170398712,
0.40043580532073975,
-1.010155439376831,
-0.1547626107931137,
-0.1073734387755394,
0.6918392181396484,
0.04580206051468849,
0.135402649641037,
-0.34724926948547363,
0.182705819606781,
-0.2526080012321472,
-0.5049183368682861,
1.168276309967041,
-1.0678057670593262,
0.22169236838817596,
-0.08302478492259979,
-0.041235100477933884,
0.6717104911804199,
-0.2957632839679718,
-1.029884934425354,
-0.3279540538787842,
-0.6149584650993347,
-0.10341442376375198,
-0.027983924373984337,
0.054567258805036545,
-0.7487232089042664,
-0.32879409193992615,
-1.0721276998519897,
0.10106606781482697,
-0.0342227965593338,
-0.2835511863231659,
0.009370244108140469,
-0.057959187775850296,
-0.6101681590080261,
0.25618088245391846,
0.0006392024806700647,
-0.15037114918231964,
-0.3505515158176422,
-0.5446757674217224,
0.46520715951919556,
0.28443801403045654,
0.5419437289237976,
-0.5183166861534119,
-0.028347911313176155,
0.029173942282795906,
0.4711470603942871,
-0.1243259608745575,
-0.021244576200842857,
-0.4600287973880768,
0.7734330296516418,
0.17664924263954163,
-1.0203505754470825,
-0.01886683516204357,
0.1555514633655548,
0.6222124695777893,
-0.14327630400657654,
-0.2583848834037781,
-0.0789882019162178,
0.07809221744537354,
0.17132893204689026,
-0.9771762490272522,
-0.6266542077064514,
-0.14262789487838745,
-0.4836772084236145,
-0.015871869400143623,
-0.5421899557113647,
-0.22726818919181824,
-0.11607813835144043,
-0.10239259898662567,
-0.7283085584640503,
-0.13657701015472412,
-0.2121496945619583,
-0.20822659134864807,
0.09084571152925491,
-0.15692268311977386,
-0.6295669674873352,
-0.16478294134140015,
-0.752571165561676,
0.07046456634998322,
-0.6045356392860413,
-0.6519284844398499,
0.3283649682998657,
-0.41103890538215637,
-0.11511173844337463,
0.1111118495464325,
0.05844308063387871,
-0.575518012046814,
-0.19213254749774933,
-0.17684035003185272,
-0.09965621680021286,
-0.29980897903442383,
0.11149127781391144,
0.0022304910235106945,
-0.592608630657196,
0.5937761664390564,
-0.3216097950935364,
-0.09086447954177856,
0.17319414019584656,
-0.9842895865440369,
-0.06615204364061356,
-0.07677073031663895,
0.011130435392260551,
-0.657187819480896,
0.08271129429340363,
0.4955264925956726,
0.1537921279668808,
-0.41243934631347656,
0.037910208106040955,
0.16326026618480682,
-0.18174034357070923,
0.5404708385467529,
0.24486444890499115,
0.10649731010198593,
-0.3009645938873291,
0.13219107687473297,
-0.6486561894416809,
-0.26001691818237305,
1.14722740650177,
0.34762343764305115,
0.40327921509742737,
0.3409820795059204,
0.3966691493988037,
-0.6240295171737671,
0.43246152997016907,
0.45235055685043335,
-0.716815173625946,
0.46792325377464294,
0.8333160281181335,
0.01261761412024498,
-0.04674999788403511,
0.17932023108005524,
-0.1824607402086258,
-0.02738729864358902,
0.7252491116523743,
-0.30988609790802,
-0.4282260835170746,
-0.08005594462156296,
0.40421679615974426,
0.35368162393569946,
1.0349124670028687,
-0.2553987503051758,
-0.3016500473022461,
0.11867367476224899,
-0.687274158000946,
0.30729496479034424,
-0.2929544150829315,
0.32010912895202637,
0.03238009288907051,
0.35977765917778015,
0.24967963993549347,
-0.056764423847198486,
0.12451715022325516,
0.12332641333341599,
0.6573716998100281,
-0.31959185004234314,
0.6084277629852295,
-0.09545658528804779,
0.638173520565033,
1.0474302768707275,
0.7371475696563721,
0.22712838649749756,
-0.5917540788650513,
0.8972897529602051,
0.3243199288845062,
-0.2210283726453781,
0.21684202551841736,
0.08655953407287598,
0.2376464456319809,
0.11203296482563019,
0.7174414396286011,
0.2967766225337982,
-0.3606676757335663,
0.36502504348754883,
0.5563872456550598,
-0.1383025050163269,
-0.5651957988739014,
-0.6698853373527527,
0.3429056406021118,
-0.12761719524860382,
0.3048290014266968,
-0.5387738347053528,
0.5079686045646667,
-0.18271911144256592,
-0.24947980046272278,
0.877937912940979,
-0.09259866923093796,
-0.040366098284721375,
0.13700538873672485,
-0.06139473244547844,
-0.10521545261144638,
-0.24810120463371277,
-0.73283851146698,
-0.3010357618331909,
0.7949075102806091,
0.2373340129852295,
0.13620193302631378,
-0.4296181797981262,
0.07034271955490112,
-0.23588858544826508,
0.07323834300041199,
0.16817012429237366,
0.21644814312458038,
-0.2712287902832031,
0.2603776156902313,
-0.2960667610168457,
1.0477252006530762,
0.6361601948738098,
0.3135489225387573,
0.11375456303358078,
0.3721919357776642,
0.14463281631469727,
0.2451617270708084,
-0.37763944268226624,
-0.13667596876621246,
-0.47503331303596497,
0.19677431881427765,
-0.7362716794013977,
0.016309360042214394,
-0.24477243423461914,
-0.429704874753952,
0.15825925767421722,
0.3142322599887848,
-0.519264280796051,
0.876864492893219,
0.9000280499458313,
0.010106788016855717,
0.6117838025093079,
-0.12074965238571167,
-0.49028000235557556,
0.28499889373779297,
-0.3905511200428009,
0.12300191819667816,
-0.6190657615661621,
0.17027777433395386,
0.25630196928977966,
0.12285986542701721,
-1.0780023336410522,
0.5848245024681091,
-0.7670857906341553,
-0.3763118386268616,
-0.4005160331726074,
0.14617450535297394,
-0.18559196591377258,
-0.26394832134246826,
0.21800605952739716,
0.07550635188817978,
-0.2666237950325012,
0.023463791236281395,
-0.13644514977931976,
0.028252314776182175,
0.24531468749046326,
0.49955204129219055,
-0.24489964544773102,
0.3499850630760193,
-0.26119136810302734,
0.33684664964675903,
-0.07515855878591537,
0.36707448959350586,
0.030715199187397957,
0.2743260860443115,
-0.027837522327899933,
-0.4304063320159912,
-0.026683734729886055,
-0.1544031798839569,
0.46047699451446533,
0.1330939531326294,
0.6537231206893921,
-0.041495729237794876
]
|
123512 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wang%20Jingwei | Wang Jingwei | Wang Jingwei (Wang Ching-wei; 4 May 1883 – 10 November 1944), born as Wang Zhaoming (Wang Chao-ming), but widely known by his pen name "Jingwei", was a Chinese politician. He was initially a member of the left wing of the Kuomintang (KMT), leading a government in Wuhan in opposition to the right-wing government in Nanjing, but later became increasingly anti-communist after his efforts to collaborate with the Chinese Communist Party ended in political failure. His political orientation veered sharply to the right later in his career after he collaborated with the Japanese.
Wang was a close associate of Sun Yat-sen for the last twenty years of Sun's life. After Sun's death in 1925 Wang engaged in a political struggle with Chiang Kai-shek for control over the Kuomintang, but lost. Wang remained inside the Kuomintang, but continued to have disagreements with Chiang until the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, after which he accepted an invitation from the Japanese Empire to form a Japanese-supported collaborationist government in Nanjing. Wang served as the head of state for this Japanese puppet government until he died, shortly before the end of World War II. Although he is still regarded as an important contributor in the Xinhai Revolution, his collaboration with Imperial Japan is a subject of academic debate, and the typical narratives often regard him as a traitor in the War of Resistance.
Early life and education
Born in Sanshui, Guangdong, but of Zhejiang origin, Wang went to Japan as an international student sponsored by the Qing Dynasty government in 1903, and joined the Tongmenghui in 1905. As a young man, Wang came to blame the Qing dynasty for holding China back, and making it too weak to fight off exploitation by Western imperialist powers. While in Japan, Wang became a close confidant of Sun Yat-sen, and would later go on to become one of the most important members of the early Kuomintang. He was among the Chinese nationalists in Japan who were influenced by Russian anarchism, and published a number of articles in journals edited by Zhang Renjie, Wu Zhihui, and the group of Chinese anarchists in Paris.
Early career
In the years leading up to the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, Wang was active in opposing the Qing government. Wang gained prominence during this period as an excellent public speaker and a staunch advocate of Chinese nationalism. He was jailed for plotting an assassination of the regent, Prince Chun, and readily admitted his guilt at trial. He remained in jail from 1910 until the Wuchang Uprising the next year, and became something of a national hero upon his release.
During and after the Xinhai Revolution, Wang's political life was defined by his opposition to Western imperialism. In the early 1920s, he held several posts in Sun Yat-sen's Revolutionary Government in Guangzhou, and was the only member of Sun's inner circle to accompany him on trips outside of Kuomintang (KMT)-held territory in the months immediately preceding Sun's death. He is believed by many to have drafted Sun's will during the short period before Sun's death, in the winter of 1925. He was considered one of the main contenders to replace Sun as leader of the KMT, but eventually lost control of the party and army to Chiang Kai-shek. Wang had clearly lost control of the KMT by 1926, when, following the Zhongshan Warship Incident, Chiang successfully sent Wang and his family to vacation in Europe. It was important for Chiang to have Wang away from Guangdong while Chiang was in the process of expelling communists from the KMT because Wang was then the leader of the left wing of the KMT, notably sympathetic to communists and communism, and may have opposed Chiang if he had remained in China.
Rivalry with Chiang Kai-shek
Leader of the Wuhan Government
During the Northern Expedition, Wang was the leading figure in the left-leaning faction of the KMT that called for continued cooperation with the Chinese Communist Party. Although Wang collaborated closely with Chinese communists in Wuhan, he was philosophically opposed to communism and regarded the KMT's Comintern advisors with suspicion. He did not believe that Communists could be true patriots or true Chinese nationalists.
In early 1927, shortly before Chiang captured Shanghai and moved the capital to Nanjing, Wang's faction declared the capital of the Republic to be Wuhan. While attempting to direct the government from Wuhan, Wang was notable for his close collaboration with leading communist figures, including Mao Zedong, Chen Duxiu, and Borodin, and for his faction's provocative land reform policies. Wang later blamed the failure of his Wuhan government on its excessive adoption of communist agendas. Wang's regime was opposed by Chiang Kai-shek, who was in the midst of a bloody purge of communists in Shanghai and was calling for a push farther north. The separation between the governments of Wang and Chiang are known as the "Ninghan Separation" ().
Chiang Kai-shek occupied Shanghai in April 1927, and began a bloody suppression of suspected communists known as the "White Terror". Within several weeks of Chiang's suppression of communists in Shanghai, Wang's leftist government was attacked by a KMT-aligned warlord and promptly disintegrated, leaving Chiang as the sole legitimate leader of the Republic. KMT troops occupying territories formerly controlled by Wang conducted massacres of suspected Communists in many areas: around Changsha alone, over ten thousand people were killed in a single twenty-day period. Fearing retribution as a communist sympathizer, Wang publicly claimed allegiance to Chiang before fleeing to Europe.
Political activities in Chiang's government
Between 1929 and 1930, Wang collaborated with Feng Yuxiang and Yan Xishan to form a central government in opposition to the one headed by Chiang. Wang took part in a conference hosted by Yan to draft a new constitution, and was to serve as the Prime Minister under Yan, who would be president. Wang's attempts to aid Yan's government ended when Chiang defeated the alliance in the Central Plains War.
In 1931, Wang joined another anti-Chiang government in Guangzhou. After Chiang defeated this regime, Wang reconciled with Chiang's Nanjing government and held prominent posts for most of the decade. Wang was appointed premier just as the Battle of Shanghai (1932) began. He had frequent disputes with Chiang and would resign in protest several times only to have his resignation rescinded. As a result of these power struggles within the KMT, Wang was forced to spend much of his time in exile. He traveled to Germany, and maintained some contact with Adolf Hitler. As the leader of the Kuomintang's left-wing faction and a man who had been closely associated with Dr. Sun, Chiang wanted Wang as premier both to protect the "progressive" reputation of his government which was waging a civil war with the Communists and a shield for protecting his government from widespread public criticism of Chiang's policy of "first internal pacification, then external resistance" (i.e. first defeat the Communists, then confront Japan). Despite the fact that Wang and Chiang disliked and distrusted each other, Chiang was prepared to make compromises to keep Wang on as premier. In regards to Japan, Wang and Chiang differed in that Wang was extremely pessimistic about China's ability to win the coming war with Japan (which almost everyone in 1930s China regarded as inevitable) and was opposed to alliances with any foreign powers should the war come.
While being opposed to any effort at this time to subordinate China to Japan, Wang also saw the "white powers" like the Soviet Union, Britain and the United States as equal if not greater dangers to China, insisting that China had to defeat Japan solely by its own efforts if the Chinese were to hope to maintain their independence. But at the same time, Wang's belief that China was too economically backward at present to win a war against a Japan which had been aggressively modernizing since the Meiji Restoration of 1867 made him the advocate of avoiding war with Japan at almost any cost and trying to negotiate some sort of an agreement with Japan which would preserve China's independence. Chiang by contrast believed that if his modernization program was given enough time, China would win the coming war and that if the war came before his modernization plans were complete, he was willing to ally with any foreign power to defeat Japan, even including the Soviet Union, which was supporting the Chinese Communists in the civil war. Chiang was much more of a hardline anti-Communist than was Wang, but Chiang was also a self-proclaimed "realist" who was willing if necessary to have an alliance with the Soviet Union. Though in the short-run, Wang and Chiang agreed on the policy of "first internal pacification, then external resistance", in the long-run they differed as Wang was more of an appeaser while Chiang just wanted to buy time to modernize China for the coming war. The effectiveness of the KMT was constantly hindered by leadership and personal struggles, such as that between Wang and Chiang. In December 1935, Wang permanently left the premiership after being seriously wounded during an assassination attempt engineered a month earlier by Wang Yaqiao.
In 1936, Wang clashed with Chiang over foreign policy. In an ironic role reversal, the left-wing "progressive" Wang argued for accepting the German-Japanese offer of having China sign the Anti-Comintern Pact while the right-wing "reactionary" Chiang wanted a rapprochement with the Soviet Union. During the 1936 Xi'an Incident, in which Chiang was taken prisoner by his own general, Zhang Xueliang, Wang favored sending a "punitive expedition" to attack Zhang. He was apparently ready to march on Zhang, but Chiang's wife, Soong Mei-ling, and brother-in-law, T. V. Soong, feared that such an action would lead to Chiang's death and his replacement by Wang, so they successfully opposed this action.
Wang accompanied the government on its retreat to Chongqing during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). During this time, he organized some right-wing groups along European fascist lines inside the KMT. Wang was originally part of the pro-war group; but, after the Japanese were successful in occupying large areas of coastal China, Wang became known for his pessimistic view on China's chances in the war against Japan. He often voiced defeatist opinions in KMT staff meetings, and continued to express his view that Western imperialism was the greater danger to China, much to the chagrin of his associates. Wang believed that China needed to reach a negotiated settlement with Japan so that Asia could resist Western Powers.
Alliance with the Axis Powers
In late 1938, Wang left Chongqing for Hanoi, French Indochina, where he stayed for three months and announced his support for a negotiated settlement with the Japanese. During this time, he was wounded in an assassination attempt by KMT agents. Wang then flew to Shanghai, where he entered negotiations with Japanese authorities. The Japanese invasion had given him the opportunity he had long sought to establish a new government outside of Chiang Kai-shek's control.
On 30 March 1940, Wang became the head of state of what came to be known as the Wang Jingwei regime (formally "the Reorganized National Government of the Republic of China") based in Nanjing, serving as the President of the Executive Yuan and Chairman of the National Government (). In November 1940, Wang's government signed the "Sino-Japanese Treaty" with the Japanese, a document that has been compared with Japan's Twenty-one Demands for its broad political, military, and economic concessions. In June 1941, Wang gave a public radio address from Tokyo in which he praised Japan and affirmed China's submission to it while criticizing the Kuomintang government, and pledged to work with the Empire of Japan to resist Communism and Western imperialism. Wang continued to orchestrate politics within his regime in concert with Chiang's international relationship with foreign powers, seizing the French Concession and the International Settlement of Shanghai in 1943, after Western nations agreed by consensus to abolish extraterritoriality.
The Government of National Salvation of the collaborationist "Republic of China", which Wang headed, was established on the Three Principles of Pan-Asianism, anti-communism, and opposition to Chiang Kai-shek. Wang continued to maintain his contacts with German Nazis and Italian fascists he had established while in exile.
Administration of the Wang Jingwei regime
Chinese under the regime had greater access to coveted wartime luxuries, and the Japanese enjoyed things like matches, rice, tea, coffee, cigars, foods, and alcoholic drinks, all of which were scarce in Japan proper, but consumer goods became more scarce after Japan entered World War II. In Japan-occupied Chinese territories, the prices of basic necessities rose substantially, as Japan's war effort expanded. In Shanghai in 1941, they increased elevenfold.
Daily life was often difficult in the Nanjing Nationalist government-controlled Republic of China, and grew more so as the war turned against Japan (c. 1943). Local residents resorted to the black market to obtain needed items. The Japanese Kempeitai, Tokko, collaborationist Chinese police, and Chinese citizens in the service of the Japanese all worked to censor information, monitor any opposition, and torture enemies and dissenters. A "native" secret agency, the Tewu, was created with the aid of Japanese Army "advisors". The Japanese also established prisoner-of-war detention centers, concentration camps, and kamikaze training centers to indoctrinate pilots.
Since Wang's government held authority only over territories under Japanese military occupation, there was a limited amount that officials loyal to Wang could do to ease the suffering of Chinese under Japanese occupation. Wang himself became a focal point of anti-Japanese resistance. He was demonized and branded as an "arch-traitor" in both KMT and Communist propaganda. Wang and his government were deeply unpopular with the Chinese populace, who regarded them as traitors to both the Chinese state and Han Chinese identity. Wang's rule was constantly undermined by resistance and sabotage.
The strategy of the local education system was to create a workforce suited for employment in factories and mines, and for manual labor in general. The Japanese also attempted to introduce their culture and dress to the Chinese. Complaints and agitation called for more meaningful Chinese educational development. Shinto temples and similar cultural centers were built in order to instill Japanese culture and values. These activities came to a halt at the end of the war.
Death
In March 1944, Wang left for Japan to undergo medical treatment for the wound left by an assassination attempt in 1939. He died in Nagoya on 10 November 1944, less than a year before Japan's surrender to the Allies, thus avoiding a trial for treason. Many of his senior followers who lived to see the end of the war were executed. His death was not reported in occupied China until the afternoon of 12 November, after commemorative events for Sun Yat-sen's birth had concluded. Wang was buried in Nanjing near the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, in an elaborately constructed tomb. Soon after Japan's defeat, the Kuomintang government under Chiang Kai-shek moved its capital back to Nanjing, destroyed Wang's tomb, and burned the body. Today, the site is commemorated with a small pavilion that notes Wang as a traitor.
Legacy
For his role in the Pacific War, Wang has been considered a traitor by most post-World War II Chinese historians in both Taiwan and mainland China. His name has become a byword for "traitor" or "treason" in mainland China and Taiwan, similarly to "Quisling" in Europe, "Benedict Arnold" in the United States, or "Mir Jafar" in Bangladesh and South Asia. The mainland's communist government despised Wang not only for his collaboration with the Japanese, but also for his anti-communism, while the KMT downplayed his anti-communism and emphasized his collaboration with imperial Japan and betrayal of Chiang Kai-shek. The communists also used his ties with the KMT to demonstrate what they saw as the duplicitous, treasonous nature of the KMT. Both sides downplayed his earlier association with Sun Yat-sen because of his eventual collaboration.
Despite the notoriety added to his name, academics continue to discuss whether or not he should be unequivocally condemned as a traitor because Wang also contributed greatly to the Xinhai Revolution and to the later mediation between the Communist Party and the Nationalist Party in postwar China. They argue that Wang collaborated with the Japanese because he believed that collaboration was the only hope for his desperate countrymen.
Personal life
Wang was married to Chen Bijun and had six children with her, five of whom survived into adulthood. Of those who survived into adulthood, Wang's eldest son, Wenjin, was born in France in 1913. Wang's eldest daughter, Wenxing, was born in France in 1915, worked as a teacher in Hong Kong after 1948, retired to the US in 1984 and died in 2015. Wang's second daughter, Wang Wenbin, was born in 1920. Wang's third daughter, Wenxun, was born in Guangzhou in 1922 and died in 2002 in Hong Kong. Wang's second son, Wenti, was born in 1928 and was sentenced in 1946 to 18 months' imprisonment for being a hanjian. After serving his sentence, Wang Wenti settled in Hong Kong and has been involved in many education projects with the mainland since the 1980s.
See also
Huang Yiguang, and his assassination attempt on Wang Jingwei
Vidkun Quisling
References
Further reading
David P. Barrett and Larry N. Shyu, eds.; Chinese Collaboration with Japan, 1932–1945: The Limits of Accommodation Stanford University Press 2001.
Gerald Bunker, The Peace Conspiracy; Wang Ching-wei and the China war, 1937–1941 Harvard University Press, 1972.
James C. Hsiung and Steven I. Levine, eds. China's Bitter Victory: The War with Japan, 1937–1945 M. E. Sharpe, 1992.
Ch'i Hsi-sheng, Nationalist China at War: Military Defeats and Political Collapse, 1937–1945 University of Michigan Press, 1982.
Wen-Hsin Yeh, "Wartime Shanghai",Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005.
Rana Mitter, "Forgotten Ally: China's World War II. 1937–1945" Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013. . Complete re-examination of the Chinese wars with Japan which argues that the memory of 'betrayals' by Britain, America, and Russia continues to influence China's worldview today.
Peter Kien-hong YU, Testing the Theory, WANG Jingwei Worked Under DAI Li, the Spymaster, https://www.storm.mg/article/3945430, dated September 19, 2021. Accused of Being a Big Traitor to China, Could WANG JingWei Be Rehabilitated？"Mainland China Studies Newsletter (Department of Political Science, National Taiwan University), No.135 (September 2020),pp. 7~20 and No.136 (December 2020), pp. 4~14. See also Chapter 2 and Appendix VII. WANG JingWei: A Talk About Some Labels That He Received (or Could Receive) During the March 1940 and November 1944 Period in ibid., Debunking Social Science and Confiding the ___ Theory (San Francisco: www.Academia.edu., January 2021), pages 151~160.(PDF) Debunking Social Science and Confiding the ___ Theory: Cheat and Last Cheat | peter k. h. yu - Academia.edu
External links
Japan's Asian Axis Allies: Chinese National Government of Nanking
1883 births
1944 deaths
People from Sanshui District
Chinese collaborators with Imperial Japan
Kuomintang collaborators with Imperial Japan
Chinese fascists
Chinese people of World War II
Chinese revolutionaries
Failed assassins
Foreign Ministers of the Republic of China
Expelled members of the Kuomintang
People of the Chinese Civil War
Premiers of the Republic of China
Presidents of the Republic of China
World War II political leaders
Republic of China politicians from Guangdong
Chinese anti-communists
Chinese nationalists
Tongmenghui members
Chinese expatriates in France
People of the Northern Expedition
Fascist rulers
Politicians from Foshan | [
-0.19832439720630646,
0.5360965132713318,
-1.1124696731567383,
0.12287300825119019,
-0.36959049105644226,
0.7276092767715454,
0.23054935038089752,
-0.1995273381471634,
0.005212038289755583,
-0.44475898146629333,
-0.20676276087760925,
-0.08899757266044617,
0.04299510642886162,
-0.022063156589865685,
-0.2595788240432739,
-0.29358014464378357,
-0.1240052878856659,
-0.48461705446243286,
-0.273800790309906,
0.28497380018234253,
-0.5686675906181335,
-0.12464403361082077,
-0.09130866825580597,
-0.047334518283605576,
-0.3348172605037689,
0.10406391322612762,
0.3002266585826874,
-0.3433006703853607,
-0.056473467499017715,
0.01899361051619053,
-0.13432446122169495,
0.28376254439353943,
0.3586266040802002,
0.3903892934322357,
-0.8520259857177734,
0.32245001196861267,
-0.6821346879005432,
0.11049620807170868,
0.5038415193557739,
0.10104365646839142,
-0.22432929277420044,
0.3727111220359802,
-0.13897934556007385,
0.5558501482009888,
0.39375391602516174,
-0.9361929297447205,
-1.9216550588607788,
0.4053387939929962,
-1.0216588973999023,
-0.320544570684433,
-0.15562385320663452,
1.0112212896347046,
0.28432849049568176,
0.38137286901474,
0.08777366578578949,
0.26670700311660767,
-0.6363232135772705,
-0.48212572932243347,
-0.17109346389770508,
-0.1601293981075287,
0.31406736373901367,
-0.2022063136100769,
0.7091242074966431,
-0.14682409167289734,
0.41287463903427124,
0.15337952971458435,
0.07107135653495789,
0.06222812458872795,
-0.08856398612260818,
-0.16635987162590027,
0.24300913512706757,
0.7978272438049316,
0.13987162709236145,
0.15857568383216858,
0.26093247532844543,
-0.7909941673278809,
-0.07328619807958603,
0.07095172256231308,
-0.04430977627635002,
0.011750258505344391,
-0.33257102966308594,
-0.2621106207370758,
0.36550086736679077,
0.6948155164718628,
-0.37129315733909607,
-0.32898250222206116,
-0.2624768018722534,
0.822131335735321,
-0.5142888426780701,
0.020538847893476486,
-0.271558552980423,
-0.5058396458625793,
0.4770347774028778,
-0.4322928190231323,
-0.6563377380371094,
0.14173012971878052,
0.12536855041980743,
0.9761147499084473,
-0.6067495346069336,
-0.23198454082012177,
0.2969712018966675,
-0.24041453003883362,
0.46422263979911804,
-0.23069354891777039,
-0.6778339743614197,
0.0699722170829773,
0.04285046085715294,
0.027924373745918274,
-0.07138480246067047,
0.05732978507876396,
-0.4028240144252777,
0.19208742678165436,
-0.6354720592498779,
-0.036743175238370895,
0.20074202120304108,
-0.11726647615432739,
-0.3703274130821228,
-0.9734123349189758,
-0.27164626121520996,
-0.21438901126384735,
-0.5300818085670471,
0.2779007852077484,
0.34236350655555725,
-0.012122874148190022,
0.12514790892601013,
-0.35517293214797974,
-0.1390628218650818,
0.01884039305150509,
-0.033799536526203156,
0.3546082079410553,
0.7170179486274719,
0.9025528430938721,
-0.4364372789859772,
-0.4175315797328949,
-0.3108363151550293,
-0.2196342945098877,
0.4278407096862793,
0.2582191526889801,
-0.4399455785751343,
-0.2608708441257477,
-0.2159661203622818,
-0.17838546633720398,
-0.21416398882865906,
0.3205842673778534,
0.1326228231191635,
0.1744111329317093,
0.3168599307537079,
-0.555370569229126,
-0.17177227139472961,
-0.5611172914505005,
-0.10832692682743073,
0.10938418656587601,
-0.24487559497356415,
0.06257688254117966,
-0.1621077060699463,
0.8608143329620361,
0.612990140914917,
-0.28688904643058777,
0.35050591826438904,
-0.12340773642063141,
0.48558974266052246,
-0.3736645579338074,
-1.1447428464889526,
0.0250868983566761,
-0.16291731595993042,
0.023417778313159943,
0.04085665941238403,
0.5731186866760254,
-0.5002651810646057,
-0.22278371453285217,
-0.6149382591247559,
-0.1372186243534088,
0.12884026765823364,
-0.10812868922948837,
-0.05551831051707268,
0.4410094916820526,
0.37961190938949585,
0.03249717503786087,
0.3392762839794159,
-0.05374474823474884,
-0.7790758013725281,
0.2560480833053589,
-0.3500227928161621,
0.4458506107330322,
0.5488579869270325,
0.7716001868247986,
0.46962565183639526,
0.23635326325893402,
0.4620286822319031,
0.022624624893069267,
-0.632689356803894,
-0.6620084047317505,
0.03146946430206299,
0.13943041861057281,
0.7483187913894653,
0.6619452834129333,
0.23035456240177155,
1.0282412767410278,
-0.210654154419899,
0.28390803933143616,
0.11572021245956421,
-0.08976161479949951,
-0.20326244831085205,
-0.44236961007118225,
-0.36870941519737244,
-0.14166639745235443,
0.5727852582931519,
0.5527213215827942,
-0.345633327960968,
0.36232179403305054,
0.2076074481010437,
-0.5233367085456848,
-0.003260653931647539,
0.292271226644516,
-0.4568822979927063,
-0.10813215374946594,
-0.7908439040184021,
-0.18807192146778107,
-0.11252474039793015,
-0.02087097242474556,
0.6894879937171936,
-0.11272598057985306,
-0.049651727080345154,
1.2656404972076416,
0.1260291188955307,
1.0372039079666138,
0.015262474305927753,
0.19571760296821594,
-0.07737566530704498,
-0.5137259364128113,
-0.35524049401283264,
-0.5569589138031006,
0.4918791353702545,
-0.2756238579750061,
0.2442023605108261,
0.3475399613380432,
0.5658161640167236,
-0.017757464200258255,
0.5789375901222229,
-0.8119003176689148,
0.5426313877105713,
0.06694112718105316,
0.2209293097257614,
-0.1756150722503662,
0.07460091263055801,
0.3043338358402252,
-0.44581589102745056,
-0.14318519830703735,
-0.19796237349510193,
-0.07712888717651367,
0.5739346742630005,
0.6898029446601868,
0.39197880029678345,
-0.28954246640205383,
-0.1134302169084549,
-0.5611721873283386,
0.11413100361824036,
-0.0922597274184227,
0.3737119436264038,
0.3911067247390747,
0.29511627554893494,
-0.12508518993854523,
0.1876147836446762,
0.45563507080078125,
-0.11874483525753021,
-0.22724059224128723,
0.9463359713554382,
-0.9136640429496765,
0.5430128574371338,
-0.22205078601837158,
-0.06562711298465729,
0.25089231133461,
-0.4300665259361267,
0.2600192129611969,
0.1264692097902298,
-0.615455687046051,
-0.38704314827919006,
0.7317959666252136,
-0.9325994253158569,
-1.0790776014328003,
-0.01682272180914879,
1.077679991722107,
-0.18113131821155548,
-0.5074312090873718,
-0.15605191886425018,
-0.4070665240287781,
-0.5096941590309143,
-0.38232558965682983,
0.35730502009391785,
-0.06315892189741135,
-0.7454716563224792,
0.9509491324424744,
-0.4259715676307678,
-0.019025839865207672,
-0.36419814825057983,
0.6425528526306152,
-0.5421818494796753,
-0.7009828090667725,
0.2641206681728363,
-0.059694088995456696,
-0.35916996002197266,
-0.13856109976768494,
0.14643169939517975,
0.17414481937885284,
0.5708960294723511,
0.5717854499816895,
0.25581759214401245,
0.298695832490921,
-5.366572856903076,
0.07709991931915283,
0.5740631818771362,
-0.26022404432296753,
-0.2345709353685379,
0.6292868256568909,
0.13286687433719635,
-0.11456748843193054,
0.303297758102417,
-0.7462140917778015,
0.3668513298034668,
0.06336161494255066,
0.38946762681007385,
-0.027080411091446877,
0.3949128985404968,
0.4295189380645752,
0.4712185263633728,
-0.3688303232192993,
0.13138391077518463,
0.3424312472343445,
-0.02893230691552162,
-0.1785532832145691,
0.1575671285390854,
0.9919114708900452,
0.1637195348739624,
-0.3377516567707062,
-0.14765091240406036,
0.3054678738117218,
-0.5424332618713379,
-0.4396045506000519,
-0.19404840469360352,
-0.3356434404850006,
-0.058651071041822433,
0.5349957346916199,
-0.12541787326335907,
-0.6158110499382019,
0.42108842730522156,
0.6934666037559509,
0.008738606236875057,
0.4529218375682831,
-0.28924545645713806,
0.06414826959371567,
-0.6411511301994324,
-0.12277699261903763,
0.08232352137565613,
-0.34896737337112427,
-0.2627500891685486,
-0.14861007034778595,
-0.3913136422634125,
-0.40910378098487854,
0.1493569016456604,
-0.31374990940093994,
0.20256304740905762,
-0.014584050513803959,
0.5093100070953369,
0.6455898880958557,
-0.5397627353668213,
-0.06370305269956589,
-1.1428993940353394,
0.19618521630764008,
0.5891710519790649,
-0.20714928209781647,
-0.22598150372505188,
0.2258341908454895,
-0.060248613357543945,
-0.5038220882415771,
0.20866826176643372,
-0.319915235042572,
-0.3074274957180023,
0.3814711570739746,
-0.10551442205905914,
1.212538242340088,
0.17904821038246155,
-1.477832317352295,
0.4312448501586914,
-0.21064259111881256,
-0.30108293890953064,
-0.05760785937309265,
-0.3717610239982605,
0.1135806292295456,
-0.1726740151643753,
-0.32472655177116394,
0.432097464799881,
0.7237904667854309,
0.5934483408927917,
0.251156210899353,
0.2875138819217682,
0.7042043805122375,
0.033412571996450424,
0.5726839303970337,
0.21065856516361237,
-0.7284832000732422,
0.6021297574043274,
-0.017267324030399323,
0.21861904859542847,
-0.043250326067209244,
0.19328100979328156,
0.3046703040599823,
0.4194437265396118,
-0.1875016838312149,
0.12946324050426483,
0.03549635410308838,
-0.4489962160587311,
-0.6800915598869324,
0.1009802520275116,
0.002788264537230134,
0.5046505928039551,
0.4380032420158386,
1.014909267425537,
-0.10489501804113388,
-0.5710042119026184,
0.5781680941581726,
-0.28498390316963196,
0.004852903541177511,
0.6600540280342102,
-0.35063618421554565,
0.39146408438682556,
-0.14121398329734802,
-0.12936313450336456,
0.2910388112068176,
-0.47065722942352295,
0.995165228843689,
-0.31866583228111267,
-0.5302780270576477,
0.049007829278707504,
-0.10663416981697083,
0.04514200612902641,
0.18825361132621765,
-0.26767250895500183,
-0.4257574677467346,
0.5100948214530945,
0.3584366738796234,
0.01032308954745531,
-0.015409577637910843,
-0.08231624215841293,
-0.7416910529136658,
-1.2806476354599,
-0.7997351884841919,
-0.07304468750953674,
0.04416658356785774,
-0.1160418689250946,
-0.011220001615583897,
-0.16018547117710114,
0.19343990087509155,
0.39129433035850525,
-0.08701152354478836,
-0.680437445640564,
0.05787169933319092,
-0.214814230799675,
0.5588767528533936,
-0.13462257385253906,
-0.2615513801574707,
0.3483027517795563,
-0.215862438082695,
-0.7213814854621887,
0.21040107309818268,
-0.6268799304962158,
-0.3400363028049469,
0.10144587606191635,
0.13736093044281006,
0.08211629092693329,
-0.4737982749938965,
-0.49800819158554077,
0.0038673297967761755,
-0.21459324657917023,
0.348008394241333,
0.22372856736183167,
0.12445560842752457,
-0.20933206379413605,
0.3638118505477905,
0.20973332226276398,
-0.3211522102355957,
-0.13077563047409058,
0.3586108088493347,
-0.1276756227016449,
0.23994581401348114,
-0.12630218267440796,
0.31271615624427795,
-0.27973201870918274,
0.08374243974685669,
-0.6415536403656006,
-0.09149210900068283,
-0.5441344976425171,
-0.10627273470163345,
0.361171156167984,
0.13068954646587372,
-0.2719167470932007,
-0.3508738875389099,
-0.40087082982063293,
0.20458237826824188,
0.02288559451699257,
-0.3702777028083801,
0.3057796359062195,
0.6030098795890808,
-0.1647438257932663,
0.017471622675657272,
-0.23454932868480682,
0.1950157880783081,
-0.20243602991104126,
0.38763922452926636,
-0.2596038579940796,
0.35997194051742554,
0.38956117630004883,
-0.4218873083591461,
0.1412215232849121,
-0.9931545853614807,
0.04139592498540878,
-0.15604060888290405,
0.38285988569259644,
0.4361332356929779,
-0.35074663162231445,
-1.1234633922576904,
-0.2780984342098236,
0.0019515317399054766,
-0.14182540774345398,
0.3170453608036041,
0.35846248269081116,
-0.01160373818129301,
-0.28134897351264954,
-0.7492187023162842,
-0.7399321794509888,
0.24326422810554504,
-0.40416276454925537,
-0.3901306986808777,
-0.17026865482330322,
-0.010238894261419773,
-0.1188841387629509,
-0.0643758699297905,
0.43051964044570923,
0.06146970018744469,
-0.5965248346328735,
0.12674438953399658,
0.3281516134738922,
0.016719263046979904,
0.10035374760627747,
-0.344442754983902,
0.7220510244369507,
0.10328646749258041,
-0.42358970642089844,
-0.39649027585983276,
0.18774671852588654,
1.1782742738723755,
-0.41493847966194153,
0.23924851417541504,
0.01649552956223488,
0.09345047175884247,
0.18391220271587372,
-0.215534046292305,
-0.40356913208961487,
-0.07757286727428436,
0.3337057828903198,
-0.15029779076576233,
-1.075446605682373,
-0.4593120813369751,
0.5049481987953186,
-0.6079538464546204,
-0.04248201102018356,
0.43379372358322144,
0.3169187605381012,
0.2606661319732666,
-0.49583837389945984,
0.1399734914302826,
1.0483092069625854,
-0.2888886034488678,
0.008127544075250626,
0.609681248664856,
-0.11141302436590195,
-0.25185704231262207,
-0.08341385424137115,
-0.5550220012664795,
0.031112760305404663,
-0.46870866417884827,
-0.44877055287361145,
0.19082479178905487,
-0.5604742169380188,
0.27730414271354675,
0.08784298598766327,
0.0517021082341671,
-0.332736074924469,
-0.2556329667568207,
-0.9516679644584656,
-0.547136127948761,
0.02096385322511196,
-0.4008922874927521,
-0.4331330358982086,
-0.508408784866333,
0.5012432932853699,
0.05686637759208679,
0.015118468552827835,
-0.33549267053604126,
-0.6608128547668457,
-0.004596799146384001,
-0.09923286736011505,
0.42685404419898987,
-0.020578468218445778,
0.24432095885276794,
-0.15162812173366547,
0.7691370844841003,
-0.5158945918083191,
-0.4710741639137268,
0.26488810777664185,
-0.26292455196380615,
0.6845889687538147,
0.10508701205253601,
0.544438362121582,
-0.4480936527252197,
0.2185884267091751,
-0.32679060101509094,
-0.46175482869148254,
0.7964634299278259,
0.5450372099876404,
-0.12016317993402481,
0.544380784034729,
0.2511230707168579,
-0.7044890522956848,
-0.09667544066905975,
0.13280758261680603,
-0.35884106159210205,
-0.31303173303604126,
-0.5417818427085876,
0.46585583686828613,
0.007868490181863308,
0.1315743625164032,
0.17276164889335632,
-0.3567447364330292,
0.6841704249382019,
-0.05906296893954277,
0.011713840998709202,
-0.38673779368400574,
0.31783145666122437,
0.23538000881671906,
0.053241416811943054,
-0.2100439816713333,
0.33527132868766785,
0.11443186551332474,
-0.6763097643852234,
0.1824788600206375,
-0.4316825270652771,
-0.22049960494041443,
-0.33344772458076477,
0.24122834205627441,
0.484980970621109,
-0.3962600529193878,
0.2253091037273407,
0.1692684292793274,
0.2801850140094757,
-0.2105441838502884,
0.8357148766517639,
-0.7279723882675171,
-0.09736962616443634,
0.7545982003211975,
0.43434640765190125,
0.09458336979150772,
-0.42499250173568726,
0.3142315447330475,
0.1277030110359192,
-0.317526251077652,
-0.02297983318567276,
-0.1943935602903366,
-0.04514799267053604,
-0.022775685414671898,
0.20991730690002441,
0.6985422372817993,
0.07416010648012161,
0.03587181121110916,
0.3044338524341583,
-0.07410429418087006,
-0.4319482147693634,
-0.3301442563533783,
0.08220712840557098,
-0.17155785858631134,
-0.5961005091667175,
-0.1594984233379364,
0.3117963969707489,
-0.13088743388652802,
-0.403045117855072,
0.6121097803115845,
-0.09554809331893921,
0.036993034183979034,
0.08313599228858948,
-0.31664949655532837,
0.2776451110839844,
0.4560287296772003,
-0.7847756147384644,
0.5584660172462463,
0.3130936920642853,
-0.05841786041855812,
0.15337170660495758,
0.22284764051437378,
-0.1656576246023178,
0.2123878449201584,
-0.07020340859889984,
-0.46000373363494873,
1.0367531776428223,
-0.09581901133060455,
0.08858374506235123,
-1.0004096031188965,
1.1391427516937256,
0.44846469163894653,
0.2547297179698944,
-0.21405479311943054,
0.028624078258872032,
0.17348742485046387,
0.4164580702781677,
-0.46875107288360596,
0.6419602036476135,
-0.5973717570304871,
0.14402030408382416,
-0.8838047385215759,
0.43086379766464233,
-0.12390488386154175,
0.43770870566368103,
0.07303529977798462,
0.7051669359207153,
-0.4916475713253021,
0.38236603140830994,
0.5371657013893127,
-0.05197817087173462,
0.07773981988430023,
-0.128151535987854,
-0.028522653505206108,
0.25780045986175537,
0.4764832854270935,
0.05986732244491577,
0.27819740772247314,
0.7479118704795837,
0.21056169271469116,
0.03721461445093155,
-0.1758899986743927,
0.5444177985191345,
-1.364282488822937,
-0.23359856009483337,
-0.48779019713401794,
-0.32748904824256897,
-0.3338527977466583,
0.004291730001568794,
0.7781237959861755,
0.8053345084190369,
0.1514664739370346,
-0.3423548936843872,
0.7611517906188965,
0.6484960913658142,
0.33028480410575867,
0.11628088355064392,
0.3760635256767273,
0.406894326210022,
-0.20411668717861176,
-0.20281408727169037,
-0.011030391789972782,
0.45263150334358215,
0.40185582637786865,
0.11564256995916367,
0.3011583089828491,
-0.670274555683136,
0.20636354386806488,
0.3406519889831543,
0.350720077753067,
-0.02858077548444271,
0.09768077731132507,
-0.1213645339012146
]
|
123515 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrison%2C%20Montana | Harrison, Montana | Harrison is a census-designated place (CDP) in Madison County, Montana, United States. The population was 137 at the 2010 census, down from 162 in 2000.
The town began as Ferguson, a stage stop on the road to Virginia City. The Northern Pacific Railroad constructed a branch line in 1889. Eventually the town was called Harrison after an early settler, Henry C. Harrison.
Geography
Harrison is located at (45.702507, -111.785376). U.S. Route 287 passes through town. Willow Creek Reservoir is to the east.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 162 people, 64 households, and 44 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 704.9 people per square mile (272.0/km2). There were 75 housing units at an average density of 326.3 per square mile (125.9/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.91% White, 1.85% Native American, 0.62% Asian, and 0.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.23% of the population.
There were 64 households, out of which 39.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.3% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.7% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.07.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 32.7% under the age of 18, 3.7% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $36,875, and the median income for a family was $39,167. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,287. About 5.3% of families and 13.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.7% of those under the age of eighteen and 14.8% of those 65 or over.
The median age for residents in Harrison is 44.7
18.1% of Harrison's residents live in poverty.
Education
Harrison Public School educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. Harrison High School's team name is the Wildcats.
See also
List of census-designated places in Montana
References
External links
Census-designated places in Madison County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.20315925776958466,
0.7507235407829285,
0.010402812622487545,
0.0507601797580719,
0.8561920523643494,
0.4094594717025757,
0.1798785924911499,
0.33396002650260925,
-0.2194693237543106,
-0.1465013325214386,
-0.18764011561870575,
-0.2959807217121124,
-0.4686611294746399,
0.8509092926979065,
-0.7755157351493835,
0.4203718602657318,
0.10010751336812973,
0.7156310081481934,
0.8445698618888855,
-0.16109775006771088,
0.11569550633430481,
-0.32622167468070984,
0.3057502806186676,
0.7276217341423035,
-0.39309990406036377,
0.3638177216053009,
0.649130642414093,
-0.04308491572737694,
-0.1425355225801468,
0.23962387442588806,
-0.2942142188549042,
0.5005490779876709,
-0.4537566602230072,
-0.12992148101329803,
0.1928701549768448,
-0.08661925792694092,
0.5058708786964417,
0.12424444407224655,
0.17940658330917358,
-0.44221198558807373,
0.1996321678161621,
-0.20877152681350708,
-0.11729593575000763,
-0.11319805681705475,
0.08646553009748459,
-0.3061455190181732,
-1.1488585472106934,
0.6765614151954651,
-1.1399054527282715,
-1.1282421350479126,
-0.6766918301582336,
0.12396680563688278,
0.20497220754623413,
-0.06753267347812653,
0.5504306554794312,
0.4014946222305298,
-0.23304569721221924,
0.38801559805870056,
0.662787914276123,
0.45407021045684814,
-0.0014892922481521964,
0.5343704223632812,
0.37180963158607483,
-0.1497327834367752,
0.26116129755973816,
-0.4300699234008789,
-0.01617482304573059,
0.2141336053609848,
0.6374478340148926,
-0.5366223454475403,
-0.2875747084617615,
0.10292433202266693,
-0.49810096621513367,
0.6514259576797485,
0.004234160762280226,
0.9016110897064209,
-0.7114354372024536,
0.11018876731395721,
-0.08268614858388901,
0.10995896905660629,
0.05029873177409172,
0.22633811831474304,
0.6022828221321106,
0.2848443388938904,
0.15787571668624878,
0.14624226093292236,
-0.6121917366981506,
-0.0821470394730568,
0.16051428020000458,
0.7930872440338135,
-0.8780430555343628,
-0.07309850305318832,
-0.024087030440568924,
-0.26097413897514343,
-0.20669347047805786,
-0.6886556148529053,
-0.37732812762260437,
0.4796593487262726,
-0.2975867688655853,
0.23701566457748413,
-0.6602641940116882,
0.04471605643630028,
0.7954531311988831,
-0.23732756078243256,
-0.16450972855091095,
-0.6002861857414246,
-0.66375333070755,
-0.12776614725589752,
0.27411171793937683,
-0.29038259387016296,
-0.11987566947937012,
0.5042535662651062,
-0.046692147850990295,
-0.5549143552780151,
-0.42671817541122437,
0.1691359430551529,
0.11557851731777191,
-0.6154209971427917,
-0.4094545543193817,
-0.15649551153182983,
0.19754378497600555,
0.7219529151916504,
-0.33184346556663513,
0.12455389648675919,
-0.2027105689048767,
0.4965074062347412,
1.1733981370925903,
-0.09492044150829315,
-0.07991135120391846,
0.24059593677520752,
-0.6277254819869995,
0.6742605566978455,
-0.032924406230449677,
0.5220479369163513,
-0.06450361013412476,
-0.7076724171638489,
-0.22768008708953857,
-0.42330360412597656,
0.4184497892856598,
-0.06984522938728333,
-0.40678533911705017,
-0.1501077115535736,
-0.004183171782642603,
-0.24411994218826294,
0.21783845126628876,
-0.1685091257095337,
0.22979524731636047,
-0.8243720531463623,
0.03937947005033493,
0.020918073132634163,
0.4667247235774994,
0.2501041889190674,
0.30148521065711975,
0.739351749420166,
0.041343726217746735,
-0.06609644740819931,
0.641356885433197,
0.28763139247894287,
0.41953957080841064,
0.5435563325881958,
-0.11526185274124146,
0.8090511560440063,
0.8352853059768677,
-0.2085142284631729,
0.630285382270813,
-0.022944221273064613,
0.6729384064674377,
-0.2774708569049835,
0.2092576026916504,
0.2792194187641144,
-0.09808146953582764,
0.5716124176979065,
0.24347522854804993,
-0.08027040213346481,
0.21237365901470184,
-0.6495124697685242,
0.5970600843429565,
0.45112496614456177,
0.04016571864485741,
-0.054270096123218536,
-0.7735950946807861,
0.18457676470279694,
-0.00023536186199635267,
0.3225051164627075,
-0.20601710677146912,
0.4911319315433502,
0.19659557938575745,
0.091152124106884,
-0.6089732050895691,
-0.8734788298606873,
-0.5853519439697266,
-0.9197532534599304,
0.43612250685691833,
-0.29440993070602417,
0.45346057415008545,
0.1075715571641922,
-0.23064196109771729,
0.2849637567996979,
-0.19110141694545746,
0.3869166374206543,
-0.37084299325942993,
-0.45152196288108826,
0.251751571893692,
-0.6996551752090454,
-0.3753436505794525,
0.08938983082771301,
0.20268185436725616,
0.07604555785655975,
0.45997294783592224,
0.3995278775691986,
0.4484419524669647,
-0.32252436876296997,
-0.025614188984036446,
1.2074127197265625,
-0.7668449878692627,
-0.3507234752178192,
-0.10390307009220123,
-0.10345662385225296,
0.522045910358429,
-0.3715030550956726,
0.4532870054244995,
0.23986497521400452,
0.16346004605293274,
-0.2469964176416397,
-0.12683789432048798,
0.3710056245326996,
0.1397201418876648,
-0.0011084991274401546,
-0.5164588093757629,
0.30568763613700867,
0.4393636882305145,
-0.184425950050354,
0.2586952745914459,
-0.36422520875930786,
0.16220194101333618,
-0.17697051167488098,
-0.22571657598018646,
-0.4943664073944092,
0.5664851069450378,
-0.6594066023826599,
-0.2656051814556122,
0.24038565158843994,
-0.4291825592517853,
-0.01072535291314125,
0.48931920528411865,
0.31916454434394836,
0.07868347316980362,
-0.17473341524600983,
-0.3168666660785675,
-0.3345123827457428,
0.0909934714436531,
-0.11322864145040512,
0.21186020970344543,
-0.16460414230823517,
-0.14180299639701843,
-0.14758527278900146,
0.10070524364709854,
0.07291074842214584,
0.21791455149650574,
-0.01574566960334778,
-0.09645670652389526,
0.16115395724773407,
-0.34491345286369324,
-0.012047023512423038,
0.21718524396419525,
-0.9358974695205688,
-0.6121805310249329,
-0.6945856809616089,
-0.1951247602701187,
1.1090139150619507,
0.48856842517852783,
-0.321014404296875,
-0.18597616255283356,
0.3855375647544861,
0.6873515248298645,
-0.23709769546985626,
-0.2866165041923523,
-0.17709116637706757,
-1.0957727432250977,
-0.05873909592628479,
0.8134514093399048,
1.2164212465286255,
-0.13873989880084991,
-0.4447852075099945,
-0.627000629901886,
-0.5466295480728149,
0.6838536262512207,
-0.18549981713294983,
-0.2777160704135895,
-0.08181889355182648,
-0.05133454501628876,
0.3309873044490814,
-0.3086267113685608,
0.7205067873001099,
-0.1321258246898651,
0.21601513028144836,
0.3057039678096771,
0.07273732870817184,
0.5998908877372742,
-0.8642449975013733,
-0.3819212317466736,
0.29642704129219055,
-0.3916569650173187,
-0.029692091047763824,
0.22309386730194092,
-0.5886701941490173,
0.11883382499217987,
-1.0033955574035645,
-4.8590216636657715,
0.8395545482635498,
-0.33340123295783997,
-0.6167598366737366,
-0.05183134973049164,
-0.19346222281455994,
0.17729336023330688,
-0.3591812252998352,
-0.15007880330085754,
0.4013746678829193,
-0.2368796020746231,
-0.516197144985199,
0.05850423499941826,
0.20711147785186768,
0.7335035800933838,
0.2989964783191681,
0.8720766305923462,
-0.05052132159471512,
0.6788243651390076,
0.5095312595367432,
-0.441784530878067,
0.10447841137647629,
0.11513613909482956,
0.10467858612537384,
0.9768697619438171,
0.40972909331321716,
-0.14412982761859894,
-0.33412981033325195,
-0.603021502494812,
-0.19957508146762848,
0.2380000352859497,
0.20251883566379547,
-0.5856090784072876,
-0.2140861600637436,
0.13856790959835052,
-0.13749606907367706,
0.14570043981075287,
-0.42209598422050476,
0.45373061299324036,
-0.09547121822834015,
0.462321937084198,
0.490023136138916,
-0.6108017563819885,
-0.5827294588088989,
0.5924738645553589,
0.07568080723285675,
-0.31979161500930786,
-0.5028320550918579,
-0.09256983548402786,
0.988539457321167,
0.5603675246238708,
0.16900940239429474,
0.5004956722259521,
0.027588708326220512,
0.44919055700302124,
-0.06751760095357895,
0.6153024435043335,
0.28526270389556885,
-0.7105219960212708,
0.4854940176010132,
0.025081608444452286,
-0.60674649477005,
0.38536667823791504,
0.26333391666412354,
-0.20639079809188843,
-0.552821695804596,
-0.18519438803195953,
0.2698825001716614,
0.25324857234954834,
-0.014533217996358871,
0.46375659108161926,
0.1092713326215744,
-0.32184651494026184,
-0.7158874273300171,
0.013492697849869728,
-0.9480571746826172,
-0.3995096683502197,
0.14993900060653687,
-1.1147874593734741,
-0.00894697941839695,
0.05009257048368454,
0.2673351466655731,
0.44569626450538635,
0.5765655636787415,
0.8967592120170593,
-0.3835509419441223,
-0.242404967546463,
0.056544870138168335,
-0.2016804814338684,
-0.9720167517662048,
0.7713238596916199,
-0.03979834169149399,
0.6993449330329895,
-0.33873075246810913,
-0.348513126373291,
0.012899703346192837,
0.5821778178215027,
0.1884021759033203,
0.14093537628650665,
-0.3854716122150421,
0.466295450925827,
-0.45765453577041626,
-0.1558065116405487,
-0.5190452933311462,
-0.046885281801223755,
-0.42565253376960754,
0.06354650855064392,
0.06071692332625389,
0.7718808054924011,
-0.4316519796848297,
-0.4216521084308624,
-0.10309389978647232,
-0.22305548191070557,
-0.14263318479061127,
0.13443274796009064,
0.1778002679347992,
-0.5211314558982849,
-0.015651557594537735,
0.6097183227539062,
0.4320458173751831,
0.13603895902633667,
-0.31371253728866577,
-0.6664924621582031,
0.1395040899515152,
0.21363450586795807,
-0.1111133024096489,
0.5328725576400757,
-0.15271727740764618,
-0.36535242199897766,
0.32367005944252014,
0.08472074568271637,
-0.15461212396621704,
-0.9200512170791626,
-0.16334712505340576,
-0.4596964120864868,
0.48481371998786926,
-0.6127132773399353,
-0.7787073254585266,
0.5493430495262146,
0.6881352663040161,
0.3928705155849457,
0.3001250624656677,
-0.4934631884098053,
0.6092860102653503,
0.26674070954322815,
0.4908742904663086,
0.3920239508152008,
-0.030127350240945816,
-1.0327134132385254,
0.1565750241279602,
-0.8404116630554199,
-0.49630364775657654,
-0.3247007131576538,
-0.49105629324913025,
0.27574029564857483,
0.1387621909379959,
-0.03824769705533981,
0.46539217233657837,
0.14108067750930786,
-0.5848644375801086,
0.22698482871055603,
-0.4611547887325287,
-0.322249174118042,
0.9170714020729065,
-0.11819203943014145,
-0.3102553188800812,
-0.8092913031578064,
-0.011651096865534782,
-1.2256786823272705,
0.27130362391471863,
1.124725103378296,
-0.2986316680908203,
-0.33055680990219116,
0.11808256059885025,
0.4664129912853241,
-0.23385976254940033,
-0.16643640398979187,
0.46013787388801575,
0.25385919213294983,
-0.3346834182739258,
-0.7189933061599731,
-0.12545020878314972,
-0.4406002461910248,
-0.37729573249816895,
-0.25375866889953613,
-0.6943618059158325,
-0.10965211689472198,
-0.08621221035718918,
-0.2967602014541626,
0.1394600123167038,
0.2988331913948059,
-0.5520286560058594,
0.25775736570358276,
-0.12200084328651428,
0.11226305365562439,
-0.7126233577728271,
0.4118538796901703,
-0.026902448385953903,
-0.42643609642982483,
-0.7866989970207214,
-0.03016272746026516,
0.5343072414398193,
-0.15952570736408234,
0.29025575518608093,
-0.13159137964248657,
-0.6464141011238098,
0.38345131278038025,
0.8680640459060669,
-1.1328890323638916,
0.5637794137001038,
-0.3204345703125,
-0.5837127566337585,
0.5503453612327576,
0.690842866897583,
-0.29095661640167236,
0.7140663266181946,
0.7390278577804565,
0.3774389624595642,
-0.49028679728507996,
-0.2670663893222809,
-0.1781291961669922,
0.14684921503067017,
0.4099636673927307,
-0.8258472681045532,
-0.5412824153900146,
0.709499180316925,
0.11502820253372192,
-0.5449661016464233,
0.8710454106330872,
-0.9274163246154785,
-0.2955847382545471,
0.10746973007917404,
0.08465909957885742,
-0.15496310591697693,
1.0066163539886475,
0.30743834376335144,
-0.46595340967178345,
-0.2383245825767517,
0.5527259707450867,
-0.07874974608421326,
0.14443303644657135,
1.0409080982208252,
0.3493976891040802,
-0.5292248725891113,
-0.9456387162208557,
0.28385090827941895,
0.7995973229408264,
0.08721940964460373,
-1.241722583770752,
0.801488995552063,
0.7365242838859558,
-0.6434117555618286,
-0.5395938158035278,
0.44591543078422546,
0.7855138778686523,
-0.5054136514663696,
-0.4421396255493164,
1.0276118516921997,
-0.10515948385000229,
0.41825565695762634,
0.567570686340332,
0.025225291028618813,
0.07220831513404846,
0.3730069696903229,
0.6877968907356262,
0.055921658873558044,
0.062043167650699615,
-0.4063795506954193,
0.25222247838974,
-0.8025200963020325,
0.011719719506800175,
-0.1363816112279892,
0.18687380850315094,
-0.1888282746076584,
-0.47884321212768555,
0.1309579461812973,
0.0029454249888658524,
-0.7278862595558167,
-0.43127572536468506,
-0.2356616109609604,
-0.5385828018188477,
-0.09389571100473404,
0.18601566553115845,
-0.31440284848213196,
0.10023447126150131,
-1.1073122024536133,
-0.7547590732574463,
0.10542942583560944,
-1.1071524620056152,
0.15265530347824097,
-0.6668604612350464,
-0.055833060294389725,
0.04587845131754875,
-0.8147263526916504,
0.13232380151748657,
0.18516679108142853,
0.17423732578754425,
0.06421081721782684,
-0.8271126747131348,
0.375975102186203,
-0.9019948244094849,
0.7130545973777771,
-0.3779522776603699,
-0.3689497411251068,
0.14097732305526733,
-0.2555861473083496,
-0.4445056915283203,
-0.407701313495636,
0.23051968216896057,
0.20193636417388916,
0.2758987247943878,
-0.23928773403167725,
0.4020087718963623,
0.5876275300979614,
-0.749193012714386,
-0.04430100694298744,
0.42092642188072205,
-0.2808857858181,
-0.5027934908866882,
0.6762731671333313,
-0.5782278180122375,
-0.37864747643470764,
0.8760364651679993,
0.6349554061889648,
-0.17812328040599823,
1.044121265411377,
0.07156071811914444,
0.714560329914093,
-0.0916212797164917,
0.42326536774635315,
-0.4386172294616699,
-0.835559070110321,
-0.7478197813034058,
0.29331284761428833,
-0.6586008071899414,
-0.5301938652992249,
-0.4121679961681366,
-0.3688541352748871,
-0.6852041482925415,
0.622868537902832,
0.04206971079111099,
0.17024730145931244,
0.06178804114460945,
0.3768857717514038,
0.39010077714920044,
-0.41709133982658386,
0.07110213488340378,
0.06645292043685913,
0.668096125125885,
-0.4186391830444336,
-0.37020349502563477,
-0.37713703513145447,
-0.29934975504875183,
-0.6473052501678467,
-0.3539435565471649,
-0.11008332669734955,
0.44183969497680664,
-0.5030627846717834,
-0.35204553604125977,
0.369981050491333,
0.042196888476610184,
-0.6755494475364685,
0.6698371767997742,
0.046036094427108765,
0.06437098979949951,
-0.68831467628479,
-0.027967238798737526,
-0.2404247671365738,
-0.1711541712284088,
0.7680231928825378,
0.8529351353645325,
0.5363209843635559,
0.2123657763004303,
0.480668306350708,
0.44862842559814453,
0.25537583231925964,
0.28884753584861755,
0.3116466701030731,
-0.023540956899523735,
-0.06342504173517227,
-0.1874256134033203,
0.45393508672714233,
-0.12081196159124374,
-0.5746404528617859,
0.13892020285129547,
-0.6299890279769897,
0.15467792749404907,
-0.023151282221078873,
0.35285893082618713,
-0.8148947954177856,
0.24771787226200104,
-0.22585202753543854,
-0.7995870113372803,
-0.22144626080989838,
-0.2895970344543457,
-0.3275006413459778,
0.44025716185569763,
0.47017452120780945,
0.9342187643051147,
0.09553925693035126,
0.4761139154434204,
-0.09055691212415695,
0.4303547441959381,
-0.18162347376346588,
0.3014208674430847,
0.5058300495147705,
-0.3353908956050873,
0.6608943939208984,
-0.652462363243103,
0.7954304218292236,
-0.24013620615005493,
0.5061973333358765,
-0.09894715249538422,
0.9797239303588867,
-0.21807272732257843,
-0.5729658603668213,
0.4776740074157715,
-0.21435204148292542,
-0.40599027276039124,
-0.29514580965042114,
0.20488221943378448,
-0.7897688150405884,
0.4865594208240509,
0.4986685514450073,
-0.2773984968662262,
-0.29483017325401306,
-0.3031249940395355,
-0.12879180908203125,
-0.832672655582428,
0.6168179512023926,
0.3227587938308716,
-1.1026837825775146,
0.18639202415943146,
-0.14665137231349945,
-0.10873451083898544,
-0.7459580898284912,
-0.8370487093925476,
1.1624648571014404,
0.3674619793891907,
-0.5172670483589172,
0.12495998293161392,
-0.21383194625377655,
0.084175705909729,
0.12059106677770615,
0.9016805291175842,
0.557656466960907,
-0.9990224242210388,
-0.6547951102256775,
-1.0357943773269653,
0.5405467748641968,
-0.2637360692024231,
-0.11311434209346771,
0.3370896279811859,
-0.39872121810913086,
0.25824734568595886,
0.11436117440462112,
0.18946492671966553,
-0.2037050575017929,
0.8183214068412781,
0.08629272878170013
]
|
123516 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical%20Chinese | Classical Chinese | Classical Chinese, also known as Literary Chinese (古文 gǔwén "ancient text", or 文言 wényán "text speak"; modern vernacular: 文言文 wényánwén "text speak text"), is the language of the classic literature from the end of the Spring and Autumn period through to the end of the Han dynasty, a written form of Old Chinese (上古漢語, shànɡɡǔ hànyǔ). Classical Chinese is a traditional style of written Chinese that evolved from the classical language, making it different from any modern spoken form of Chinese. Literary Chinese was used for almost all formal writing in China until the early 20th century, and also, during various periods, in Japan, Korea and Vietnam. Among Chinese speakers, Literary Chinese has been largely replaced by written vernacular Chinese, a style of writing that is similar to modern spoken Mandarin Chinese, while speakers of non-Chinese languages have largely abandoned Literary Chinese in favor of their respective local vernaculars. Although languages have evolved in unique, different directions from the base of Literary Chinese, many cognates can be still found between these languages that have historically written in Classical Chinese.
Literary Chinese is known as (, "Han writing") in Japanese, in Korean (but see also ) and () or Hán văn () in Vietnamese.
Definitions
Strictly speaking, Classical Chinese refers to the written language of the classical period of Chinese literature, from the end of the Spring and Autumn period (early 5th century BC) to the end of the Han dynasty (AD 220), while Literary Chinese is the form of written Chinese used from the end of the Han dynasty to the early 20th century, when it was replaced by vernacular written Chinese. There is also a stricter definition for the Classical period, ranging from Confucius (551–479 BCE) to the foundation of the Qin dynasty.
Literary Chinese is often also referred to as "Classical Chinese", but sinologists generally distinguish it from the language of the early period. During this period the dialects of China became more and more disparate and thus the Classical written language became less and less representative of the varieties of Chinese (cf. Classical Latin, which was contemporary to the Han Dynasty, and the Romance languages of Europe). Although authors sought to write in the style of the Classics, the similarity decreased over the centuries due to their imperfect understanding of the older language, the influence of their own speech, and the addition of new words.
This situation, the use of Literary Chinese throughout the Chinese cultural sphere despite the existence of disparate regional vernaculars, is called diglossia. It can be compared to the position of Classical Arabic relative to the various regional vernaculars in Arab lands, or of Latin in medieval Europe. The Romance languages continued to evolve, influencing Latin texts of the same period, so that by the Middle Ages, Medieval Latin included many usages that would have been foreign to the Romans. The coexistence of Classical Chinese and the native languages of Japan, Korea and Vietnam can be compared to the use of Classical Latin in nations that natively speak non-Latin-derived Germanic languages or Slavic languages, to the position of Arabic in Persia, or the position of the Indic language Sanskrit in South India and Southeast Asia. However, the non-phonetic Chinese writing system causes a unique situation where the modern pronunciation of the classical language is far more divergent (and heterogeneous, depending on the native – not necessarily Chinese – tongue of the reader) than in analogous cases, complicating understanding and study of Classical Chinese further compared to other classical languages.
Christian missionaries coined the term Wen-li () ("the principles of literature", "the book language as opposed to the colloquial") for Literary Chinese. Though composed from Chinese roots, this term was never used in that sense in Chinese, and was rejected by non-missionary sinologues.
Pronunciation
Chinese characters are not alphabetic and only rarely reflect sound changes. The tentative reconstruction of Old Chinese is an endeavor only a few centuries old. As a result, Classical Chinese is not read with a reconstruction of Old Chinese pronunciation; instead, it is always read with the pronunciations of characters categorized and listed in the Phonology Dictionary (韻書; pinyin: yùnshū, "rhyme book") officially published by the Governments, originally based upon the Middle Chinese pronunciation of Luoyang in the 2nd to 4th centuries. With the progress of time, every dynasty has updated and modified the official Phonology Dictionary. By the time of the Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty, the Phonology Dictionary was based on early Mandarin. But since the Imperial Examination required the composition of Shi genre, in non-Mandarin speaking parts of China such as Zhejiang, Guangdong and Fujian, pronunciation is either based on everyday speech as in Cantonese; or, in some varieties of Chinese (e.g. Southern Min), with a special set of pronunciations used for Classical Chinese or "formal" vocabulary and usage borrowed from Classical Chinese usage. In practice, all varieties of Chinese combine these two extremes. Mandarin and Cantonese, for example, also have words that are pronounced one way in colloquial usage and another way when used in Classical Chinese or in specialized terms coming from Classical Chinese, though the system is not as extensive as that of Southern Min or Wu. (See Literary and colloquial readings of Chinese characters)
Japanese, Korean or Vietnamese readers of Classical Chinese use systems of pronunciation specific to their own languages. For example, Japanese speakers use On'yomi pronunciation when reading the kanji of words of Chinese origin such as 銀行 (ginkō) or the name for the city of Tōkyō (東京), but use Kun'yomi when the kanji represents a native word such as the reading of 行 in 行く (iku) or the reading of both characters in the name for the city of Ōsaka (大阪), and a system that aids Japanese speakers with Classical Chinese word order.
Since the pronunciation of all modern varieties of Chinese is different from Old Chinese or other forms of historical Chinese (such as Middle Chinese), characters that once rhymed in poetry may not rhyme any longer, or vice versa. Poetry and other rhyme-based writing thus becomes less coherent than the original reading must have been. However, some modern Chinese varieties have certain phonological characteristics that are closer to the older pronunciations than others, as shown by the preservation of certain rhyme structures. Some believe Classical Chinese literature, especially poetry, sounds better when read in certain varieties that are believed to be closer to older pronunciations, such as Cantonese or Southern Min, because the rhyming is often lost due to sound shifts in Mandarin.
Another phenomenon that is common in reading Classical Chinese is homophony (words that sound the same). More than 2,500 years of sound change separates Classical Chinese from any modern variety, so when reading Classical Chinese in any modern variety of Chinese (especially Mandarin) or in Japanese, Korean, or Vietnamese, many characters which originally had different pronunciations have become homonyms. There is a famous Classical Chinese poem written in the early 20th century by the linguist Chao Yuen Ren called the Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den, which contains only words that are now pronounced with various tones in Mandarin. It was written to show how Classical Chinese has become an impractical language for speakers of modern Chinese because Classical Chinese when spoken aloud is largely incomprehensible. However the poem is perfectly comprehensible when read silently because Literary Chinese, by its very nature as a written language using a logographic writing system, can often get away with using homophones that even in spoken Old Chinese would not have been distinguishable in any way.
The situation is analogous to that of some English words that are spelled differently but sound the same, such as "meet" and "meat", which were pronounced and respectively during the time of Chaucer, as shown by their spelling. However, such homophones are far more common in Literary Chinese than in English. For example, the following distinct Old Chinese words are now all pronounced yì in Mandarin: *ŋjajs 議 "discuss", *ŋjət 仡 "powerful", *ʔjup 邑 "city", *ʔjək 億 "100,000,000", *ʔjəks 意 "thought", *ʔjek 益 "increase", *ʔjik 抑 "press down", *jak 弈 "Chinese chess", 逸 "flee", 翼 "wing", 易 "change", 易 "easy", and 蜴 "lizard".
Romanizations have been devised giving distinct spellings for the words of Classical Chinese, together with rules for pronunciation in various modern varieties.
The earliest was the Romanisation Interdialectique (1931–2) of French missionaries Henri Lamasse, of the Paris Foreign Missions Society, and Ernest Jasmin, based on Middle Chinese, followed by linguist Wang Li's wényán luómǎzì (1940) based on Old Chinese, and Chao's General Chinese Romanization (1975).
However none of these systems has seen extensive use.
Grammar and lexicon
Classical Chinese is distinguished from written vernacular Chinese in its style, which appears extremely concise and compact to modern Chinese speakers, and to some extent in the use of different lexical items (vocabulary). An essay in Classical Chinese, for example, might use half as many Chinese characters as in vernacular Chinese to relate the same content.
In terms of conciseness and compactness, Classical Chinese rarely uses words composed of two Chinese characters; nearly all words are of one syllable only. This stands directly in contrast with modern Northern Chinese varieties including Mandarin, in which two-syllable, three-syllable, and four-syllable words are extremely common, whilst although two-syllable words are also quite common within modern Southern Chinese varieties, they are still more archaic in that they use more one-syllable words than Northern Chinese varieties. This phenomenon exists, in part, because polysyllabic words evolved in Chinese to disambiguate homophones that result from sound changes. This is similar to such phenomena in English as the pen–pin merger of many dialects in the American south and the caught-cot merger of most dialects of American English: because the words "pin" and "pen", as well as "caught" and "cot", sound alike in such dialects of English, a certain degree of confusion can occur unless one adds qualifiers like "ink pen" and "stick pin." Similarly, Chinese has acquired many polysyllabic words in order to disambiguate monosyllabic words that sounded different in earlier forms of Chinese but identical in one region or another during later periods. Because Classical Chinese is based on the literary examples of ancient Chinese literature, it has almost none of the two-syllable words present in modern Chinese varieties.
Classical Chinese has more pronouns compared to the modern vernacular. In particular, whereas Mandarin has one general character to refer to the first-person pronoun ("I"/"me"), Literary Chinese has several, many of which are used as part of honorific language (see Chinese honorifics).
In syntax, Classical Chinese is always ready to drop subjects and objects when a reference to them is understood (pragmatically inferable). Also, words are not restrictively categorized into parts of speech: nouns are commonly used as verbs, adjectives as nouns, and so on. There is no copula in Classical Chinese, "是" (pinyin: shì) is a copula in modern Chinese but in old Chinese it was originally a near demonstrative ("this"); the modern Chinese for "this" is "這" (pinyin: zhè).
Beyond grammar and vocabulary differences, Classical Chinese can be distinguished by literary and cultural differences: an effort to maintain parallelism and rhythm, even in prose works, and extensive use of literary and cultural allusions, thereby also contributing to brevity.
Many final particles (歇語字, xiēyǔzì) and interrogative particles are found in Literary Chinese.
Modern use
Classical Chinese was the main form used in Chinese literary works until the May Fourth Movement (1919), and was also used extensively in Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. Classical Chinese was used to write the Hunmin Jeongeum proclamation in which the modern Korean alphabet (hangul) was promulgated and the essay by Hu Shih in which he argued against using Classical Chinese and in favor of written vernacular Chinese. (The latter parallels the essay written by Dante in Latin in which he expounded the virtues of the vernacular Italian.) Exceptions to the use of Classical Chinese were vernacular novels such as Dream of the Red Chamber.
Most government documents in the Republic of China were written in Classical Chinese until reforms in the 1970s, in a reform movement spearheaded by President Yen Chia-kan to shift the written style to vernacular Chinese.
Today, pure Classical Chinese is occasionally used in formal or ceremonial occasions. The National Anthem of the Republic of China (), for example, is in Classical Chinese. Buddhist texts, or sutras, are still preserved in Classical Chinese from the time they were composed or translated from Sanskrit sources. In practice there is a socially accepted continuum between vernacular Chinese and Classical Chinese. For example, most official notices and formal letters are written with a number of stock Classical Chinese expressions (e.g. salutation, closing). Personal letters, on the other hand, are mostly written in vernacular, but with some Classical phrases, depending on the subject matter, the writer's level of education, etc. With the exception of professional scholars and enthusiasts, most people today cannot write in full Classical Chinese with ease.
Most Chinese people with at least a middle school education are able to read basic Classical Chinese, because the ability to read (but not write) Classical Chinese is part of the Chinese middle school and high school curricula and is part of the college entrance examination. Classical Chinese is taught primarily by presenting a classical Chinese work and including a vernacular gloss that explains the meaning of phrases. Tests on classical Chinese usually ask the student to express the meaning of a paragraph in vernacular Chinese. They often take the form of comprehension questions.
The contemporary use of Classical Chinese in Japan is mainly in the field of education and the study of literature. Learning the Japanese way (kanbun) of decoding Classical Chinese is part of the high school curriculum in Japan.
The use of Classical Chinese in these regions is limited and is mainly in the field of Classical studies.
In addition, many works of literature in Classical Chinese (such as Tang poetry) have been major cultural influences. However, even with knowledge of grammar and vocabulary, Classical Chinese can be difficult to understand by native speakers of modern Chinese, because of its heavy use of literary references and allusions as well as its extremely abbreviated style.
See also
Classical Chinese grammar
Classical Chinese lexicon
Classical Chinese poetry
Classical Chinese Wikipedia
Classical Chinese writers
Literary Chinese in Vietnam
Sino-Xenic vocabulary
Sino-Japanese vocabulary
Sino-Korean vocabulary
Sino-Vietnamese vocabulary
Notes
References
Citations
Sources
External links
Classical Chinese for Everyone, Bryan Van Norden, 2004
Chinese Notes: Introduction to Classical Chinese, Alex Amies, 2013
Chinese Texts: A Classical Chinese course, Mark Edward Lewis, 2014
Literary Chinese, Robert Eno, 2012-2013 (to access the book use provided PDF index file)
A Primer in Chinese Buddhist Writings, John Kieschnick, 2015
Classical Chinese Lexicon, John Cikoski, 2011. Archived at Wayback Machine,
Chinese language
Chinese
Korean language
Japanese language
Vietnamese writing systems | [
0.26130253076553345,
0.3412224054336548,
-0.510175883769989,
-0.1677936166524887,
-0.29824239015579224,
0.32937902212142944,
0.01330990344285965,
0.5462896823883057,
0.11828400194644928,
-0.5980514287948608,
-0.48377886414527893,
0.31524333357810974,
0.05332643911242485,
-0.19178448617458344,
-0.273194283246994,
0.04857136681675911,
0.9033730030059814,
0.053073521703481674,
-0.18360033631324768,
-0.33024004101753235,
-0.6646642684936523,
0.12567828595638275,
0.18712089955806732,
0.3353925049304962,
0.2678496539592743,
-0.5315972566604614,
0.3256515860557556,
-0.29161879420280457,
0.2044786512851715,
-0.7294859886169434,
-0.23202191293239594,
0.3867758810520172,
-0.3373110890388489,
-0.018343307077884674,
-0.3354971706867218,
-0.3048824965953827,
-0.2609562277793884,
0.2595128118991852,
0.06173104792833328,
-0.25049734115600586,
-0.02201753668487072,
-0.25939175486564636,
0.5850375890731812,
0.3758760392665863,
-0.05999398231506348,
-0.7553063631057739,
-1.4373418092727661,
0.7212777137756348,
-0.6461040377616882,
-0.18661542236804962,
-0.3036750257015228,
0.7297831177711487,
-0.20118486881256104,
0.23467208445072174,
-0.09944853186607361,
0.9545787572860718,
-0.49094530940055847,
-0.5145792365074158,
-0.10328984260559082,
-0.062487758696079254,
0.7504886984825134,
0.48780742287635803,
-0.3530477285385132,
0.18466603755950928,
0.33118870854377747,
-0.48446980118751526,
-0.40439653396606445,
-0.0418078750371933,
-0.14066511392593384,
-0.4170360863208771,
0.07703466713428497,
0.4038224220275879,
-0.3582041561603546,
0.10341987013816833,
-0.4940126836299896,
-0.11456707119941711,
0.24605505168437958,
-0.055330004543066025,
0.15900784730911255,
-0.6475141048431396,
-0.37283074855804443,
0.5930797457695007,
0.35962024331092834,
0.17445805668830872,
-0.06786487996578217,
0.19815760850906372,
0.05065391957759857,
-0.16113124787807465,
0.11836182326078415,
-0.1352354884147644,
-0.2641278803348541,
0.08551687002182007,
0.1865340918302536,
0.020775072276592255,
-0.32786014676094055,
-0.04260380193591118,
-0.07289131730794907,
0.5299766063690186,
-0.10087909549474716,
-0.33067160844802856,
-0.7441771626472473,
0.17432157695293427,
0.8626067042350769,
-0.5972593426704407,
-0.9241938591003418,
-0.01756916381418705,
-0.1782039850950241,
-0.08059822022914886,
-0.1639593541622162,
0.23857481777668,
-0.02905481681227684,
0.03476692736148834,
-0.5011939406394958,
-0.060990314930677414,
0.0683111920952797,
-0.22254540026187897,
-0.3254483938217163,
-0.3872004449367523,
-0.39314547181129456,
0.05651000887155533,
-0.3275063633918762,
0.6140294075012207,
-0.27015164494514465,
-0.1513928771018982,
0.49586382508277893,
-0.22792969644069672,
0.4942606985569,
0.15271373093128204,
-0.6340567469596863,
-0.5602896213531494,
0.4757986068725586,
0.9931647181510925,
-0.4143683612346649,
-0.26269418001174927,
-0.18988528847694397,
0.11730248481035233,
0.4664190113544464,
0.32414430379867554,
-0.31100600957870483,
-0.05924247205257416,
-0.8242870569229126,
-0.3764787018299103,
-0.4242885112762451,
-0.018546519801020622,
-0.2511856257915497,
-0.11399748921394348,
-0.02599228359758854,
-0.5258388519287109,
-0.5301079750061035,
-0.35182827711105347,
-0.2161409556865692,
-0.5806674957275391,
0.029207227751612663,
-0.16597087681293488,
-0.1639646738767624,
0.8077256083488464,
0.38019031286239624,
0.7112970948219299,
0.0636325478553772,
-0.4079931676387787,
0.18421697616577148,
-0.14220041036605835,
-0.39481285214424133,
-0.08217151463031769,
0.5148113369941711,
-0.18521565198898315,
0.2926631569862366,
0.916022777557373,
-0.6020515561103821,
0.2080783098936081,
-0.12438154220581055,
-0.31879347562789917,
0.1863730251789093,
-0.35840970277786255,
-0.6701182126998901,
-0.32451382279396057,
0.3402916193008423,
0.40413787961006165,
0.514723539352417,
-0.05365774407982826,
-0.7421777844429016,
0.9456961154937744,
0.17685580253601074,
0.021963099017739296,
0.4378676116466522,
-0.15041252970695496,
0.18518157303333282,
0.36867475509643555,
-0.319063663482666,
0.039831891655921936,
-0.6153261065483093,
-0.45820364356040955,
0.06147109717130661,
-0.3158808946609497,
0.887157142162323,
-0.08098628371953964,
0.41654425859451294,
1.9399404525756836,
-0.27387964725494385,
0.3915712535381317,
0.16590306162834167,
-0.3739941716194153,
0.2670944631099701,
-0.058603815734386444,
0.04615804925560951,
0.3026590943336487,
0.3923909366130829,
0.5739536285400391,
0.5184101462364197,
-0.3629225194454193,
0.3601599335670471,
0.23780161142349243,
0.30091702938079834,
0.19566211104393005,
0.019392358139157295,
0.126731738448143,
-0.650802493095398,
-0.16820059716701508,
-0.25417736172676086,
-0.5162991881370544,
0.5362508893013,
-0.7131348848342896,
0.13941162824630737,
0.41016361117362976,
-0.4604344666004181,
0.7816115021705627,
0.30299681425094604,
0.3140151798725128,
0.0398886501789093,
-0.034194547683000565,
-0.35461774468421936,
-0.9326902031898499,
0.33157169818878174,
-0.17287728190422058,
-0.15060824155807495,
-0.31529298424720764,
-0.1825086921453476,
0.28145164251327515,
-0.020756425336003304,
-0.061808329075574875,
0.8823927044868469,
0.0746455118060112,
-0.5564067959785461,
-0.6054403781890869,
0.09372194856405258,
-0.02819458767771721,
-0.6476505398750305,
0.3686974346637726,
0.13196823000907898,
-0.18399633467197418,
0.5398929715156555,
0.4439350664615631,
0.02291151136159897,
-0.04119357094168663,
0.10172244906425476,
0.004504899028688669,
-0.17497606575489044,
0.04546646773815155,
0.7967381477355957,
-0.04278353974223137,
-0.27995017170906067,
-0.020696163177490234,
0.3173614740371704,
0.13759881258010864,
-0.09595735371112823,
-0.1827004849910736,
0.17827749252319336,
-0.6588142514228821,
0.17196521162986755,
0.2720758020877838,
-0.13649223744869232,
0.15180060267448425,
-0.2402435839176178,
0.35007989406585693,
0.2627013921737671,
-0.7229617834091187,
0.2915380001068115,
-0.31709879636764526,
-0.6493897438049316,
-0.5302424430847168,
-0.12413763999938965,
0.6846968531608582,
0.2466469556093216,
-0.7940191030502319,
-0.14579622447490692,
-0.6737238764762878,
-0.6043758988380432,
0.13107681274414062,
0.4988226890563965,
0.11096454411745071,
0.24747632443904877,
0.4105742275714874,
-0.5330625772476196,
-0.09851372987031937,
0.5812095999717712,
0.739555299282074,
0.061048973351716995,
-0.02568739838898182,
0.511582612991333,
-0.3651179373264313,
-0.5483182668685913,
0.27661120891571045,
0.188259094953537,
0.40348243713378906,
0.21238595247268677,
0.1268179714679718,
-0.31770166754722595,
0.6385237574577332,
-5.6555256843566895,
-0.09247937798500061,
-0.17788667976856232,
-0.26080983877182007,
0.11999975889921188,
0.44991105794906616,
-0.0243590846657753,
-0.24427567422389984,
0.36016756296157837,
-0.015583422034978867,
-0.02673454023897648,
0.10292475670576096,
-0.051853276789188385,
0.4103875756263733,
-0.16272586584091187,
0.5232654809951782,
0.08376305550336838,
0.039876628667116165,
-0.2359389066696167,
0.6332614421844482,
0.38254109025001526,
-0.12667600810527802,
0.02162608876824379,
1.1686023473739624,
0.35208141803741455,
-0.06237861141562462,
-0.24523408710956573,
0.27686095237731934,
-0.07270662486553192,
0.3685736656188965,
-0.01170348934829235,
-0.7162914872169495,
0.8207606673240662,
0.22204294800758362,
0.22817939519882202,
0.2582065165042877,
0.7373810410499573,
0.3704662322998047,
0.63800448179245,
0.18122121691703796,
-0.12822045385837555,
-0.1163872629404068,
-0.12602058053016663,
0.2624591290950775,
0.05326350778341293,
-0.609514057636261,
-0.051266808062791824,
0.06723393499851227,
-0.1499088853597641,
0.5921606421470642,
-0.48169824481010437,
0.1276695430278778,
0.4184154272079468,
0.1485152393579483,
0.47821685671806335,
0.32232218980789185,
-0.00976021308451891,
0.25678834319114685,
-0.0008867124561220407,
-0.5200778841972351,
0.2656877636909485,
-0.4384884536266327,
-0.5111794471740723,
-0.33565816283226013,
-0.16593195497989655,
-0.4625573456287384,
-0.9341951012611389,
-0.04390693083405495,
-0.10456321388483047,
0.8123952746391296,
-0.5210411548614502,
0.465718537569046,
0.10216426104307175,
-0.605013370513916,
0.19971896708011627,
-0.5926935076713562,
-0.2371835708618164,
0.19964084029197693,
0.09206487983465195,
0.07485061138868332,
-0.19540701806545258,
-0.1580435037612915,
0.24524399638175964,
0.5089392066001892,
0.27229559421539307,
-0.3613845705986023,
0.03875769302248955,
-0.40598243474960327,
-0.36503472924232483,
0.1186082735657692,
1.4311381578445435,
-0.8308486342430115,
-0.20833148062229156,
0.2675177752971649,
0.5474050045013428,
0.45064935088157654,
0.2513185143470764,
-0.43504106998443604,
1.1348820924758911,
-0.6550237536430359,
0.9077789187431335,
0.017662443220615387,
-0.3140937387943268,
-0.27101877331733704,
-0.740071177482605,
-0.1261923611164093,
-0.3624085783958435,
0.5532760620117188,
0.8078603744506836,
-0.3901381194591522,
-0.39647555351257324,
0.5301583409309387,
-0.14949969947338104,
0.2563501000404358,
0.510589599609375,
0.02751237154006958,
-0.04021571949124336,
-0.05186879634857178,
-0.012321438640356064,
0.2520267367362976,
0.5915500521659851,
0.6050091981887817,
-0.44951948523521423,
-0.12672829627990723,
-0.29389458894729614,
0.0014449181035161018,
0.1611115038394928,
0.5616769194602966,
-0.793539822101593,
-0.9720804691314697,
0.5894643068313599,
-0.9175282120704651,
-0.012337380088865757,
0.48057276010513306,
-0.026373684406280518,
-0.11066824942827225,
-0.27264535427093506,
-0.5060051083564758,
-0.25416141748428345,
-0.3846818208694458,
-0.5509520173072815,
-0.5715385675430298,
-0.30329105257987976,
-0.11438872665166855,
0.39851078391075134,
-0.18429934978485107,
-0.35622456669807434,
-0.057108186185359955,
-0.5969377160072327,
0.2802679240703583,
0.3388865888118744,
-0.34327930212020874,
0.12298621982336044,
0.15482810139656067,
-0.6268848776817322,
-0.2949746251106262,
-0.3633359670639038,
0.1060471460223198,
0.2937086522579193,
-0.4863174259662628,
0.3961126506328583,
-0.4560343027114868,
-0.357937216758728,
0.19517391920089722,
-0.26553428173065186,
-0.4681040942668915,
0.022524893283843994,
-0.05855061113834381,
0.18864813446998596,
0.09202732890844345,
0.7128217220306396,
0.13563992083072662,
-0.05842128396034241,
-0.07983367145061493,
0.4761696457862854,
0.22522546350955963,
0.0992753803730011,
0.0647839605808258,
-0.3436683118343353,
-0.02463030256330967,
0.21882186830043793,
-0.7652246952056885,
-0.08522668480873108,
0.08775666356086731,
0.060301523655653,
0.3123822510242462,
0.29017356038093567,
0.09698863327503204,
-1.0935964584350586,
0.289602667093277,
0.12629248201847076,
-0.47722384333610535,
0.42323121428489685,
-0.018487730994820595,
-0.48241472244262695,
-0.17604254186153412,
0.31308358907699585,
0.1149866059422493,
0.242714062333107,
0.40463629364967346,
0.4402221143245697,
0.40946298837661743,
-0.29051193594932556,
-0.07955599576234818,
0.43304771184921265,
-0.7180206179618835,
0.17539650201797485,
-0.7639392018318176,
0.012916800566017628,
0.2062527984380722,
-0.3641538918018341,
-0.7785314917564392,
0.1485423594713211,
-0.40050825476646423,
-0.5554022789001465,
-0.11624301970005035,
0.34566107392311096,
-0.3840273320674896,
-0.05887286365032196,
-0.3039671778678894,
-0.07152362167835236,
0.2091335654258728,
-0.7559553384780884,
-0.17859064042568207,
0.10683183372020721,
0.2930634319782257,
-0.15382230281829834,
-0.3266449272632599,
-0.04060560464859009,
-0.6458142399787903,
-0.13260076940059662,
-0.10758861899375916,
0.5786049365997314,
-0.1820286363363266,
-0.30734673142433167,
-0.37797752022743225,
0.24409937858581543,
0.337985634803772,
0.06250907480716705,
0.36818569898605347,
0.6953490376472473,
0.8307596445083618,
-0.2517472207546234,
0.07800862193107605,
-0.38458913564682007,
0.49701443314552307,
0.0815611407160759,
-0.1457308530807495,
-0.45730677247047424,
-0.1467881053686142,
0.41494694352149963,
-0.38851091265678406,
-0.5066860318183899,
-0.39384880661964417,
0.06660998612642288,
-0.5901221036911011,
0.15345902740955353,
0.34678247570991516,
-0.10754610598087311,
0.25557762384414673,
0.28059399127960205,
-0.4495406448841095,
-0.03987976908683777,
-0.2572784125804901,
0.3209705650806427,
0.4194892644882202,
0.08588568866252899,
0.41482973098754883,
0.21808329224586487,
0.18812769651412964,
0.1410825252532959,
-0.566272497177124,
0.10262677818536758,
0.393371045589447,
-0.20088571310043335,
0.07153818011283875,
-0.5670878291130066,
0.24706757068634033,
-0.05184715986251831,
0.33113527297973633,
-0.9646109938621521,
-0.5234972238540649,
-0.10982730239629745,
-0.2403601109981537,
0.16510438919067383,
-0.4393216073513031,
0.40554338693618774,
0.21993447840213776,
0.09137176722288132,
-0.15150442719459534,
-0.8246239423751831,
-0.04701954871416092,
-0.432816743850708,
0.13795000314712524,
-0.09211533516645432,
0.25854960083961487,
0.051454342901706696,
0.6022881865501404,
0.008663144893944263,
-0.16497398912906647,
-0.2725605368614197,
-0.11580419540405273,
0.813251256942749,
-0.10751930624246597,
0.5177702307701111,
-0.012710347771644592,
0.3914215862751007,
0.09321748465299606,
0.059612076729536057,
0.41092726588249207,
0.5116913318634033,
0.019906075671315193,
0.4833011031150818,
0.28805822134017944,
0.042088985443115234,
-0.2768048942089081,
0.06529241055250168,
-0.11137080192565918,
0.3854275047779083,
-0.06813186407089233,
0.40033721923828125,
0.2450341284275055,
0.19049698114395142,
0.18494077026844025,
-0.2111896276473999,
0.5280731320381165,
-0.7661508917808533,
-0.3492469787597656,
0.07338748872280121,
-0.3836659789085388,
0.4040638208389282,
0.4726477563381195,
-0.22086985409259796,
-0.19898998737335205,
-0.12842202186584473,
-0.8048644661903381,
0.3670051097869873,
-0.7878124117851257,
0.5347480177879333,
0.24659059941768646,
0.5152547359466553,
0.04568883776664734,
-0.34246763586997986,
0.10750692337751389,
-0.4801471531391144,
0.531466543674469,
-0.43219101428985596,
0.15740196406841278,
-0.4139810800552368,
-0.5751552581787109,
1.0579688549041748,
0.06250661611557007,
0.5513831973075867,
-0.4369763433933258,
0.3013360798358917,
0.13655301928520203,
-0.15839099884033203,
0.19434717297554016,
0.2883199155330658,
0.1566934436559677,
0.27062737941741943,
0.6960249543190002,
0.5772455930709839,
-0.6096950769424438,
0.05795809626579285,
0.7729701399803162,
-0.06794153153896332,
-0.651703417301178,
-0.5792871713638306,
-0.15695714950561523,
-0.23473313450813293,
0.25992006063461304,
-0.28685110807418823,
-0.239039808511734,
0.07751091569662094,
-0.2699912190437317,
0.6469546556472778,
0.6814457178115845,
-0.03617335855960846,
-0.17694607377052307,
0.02737593464553356,
-0.3947734832763672,
-0.06410243362188339,
-0.913051187992096,
-0.003841087222099304,
0.3592621684074402,
0.17037665843963623,
0.03485525771975517,
-0.1821363866329193,
-0.023103496059775352,
-0.42726218700408936,
-0.7402694821357727,
-0.04400567337870598,
-0.05089082568883896,
-0.1452859789133072,
-0.4749773442745209,
-0.5566678643226624,
1.2123527526855469,
-0.22740007936954498,
0.8483502864837646,
0.3672706186771393,
-0.024017157033085823,
-0.1382211595773697,
0.6854406595230103,
-0.4516514539718628,
0.40491747856140137,
-0.47772282361984253,
0.19023486971855164,
-0.4958520829677582,
0.2814464271068573,
0.20208948850631714,
0.21208958327770233,
-0.00855404045432806,
0.2007356733083725,
-0.16033253073692322,
0.4246688783168793,
0.2862361669540405,
0.014684309251606464,
0.42134660482406616,
0.19127881526947021,
-0.7217636704444885,
0.5896516442298889,
0.20899410545825958,
0.22054892778396606,
-0.08205306529998779,
0.45667654275894165,
-0.12982767820358276,
0.7807738184928894,
-0.6087746024131775,
0.6509088277816772,
-0.6861981153488159,
-0.35268449783325195,
-0.8603643178939819,
0.34180667996406555,
-0.0031674052588641644,
0.2832896113395691,
0.31287723779678345,
-0.20779459178447723,
-0.2820286452770233,
-0.32055217027664185,
0.1350119709968567,
0.09124241024255753,
0.14673227071762085,
0.3757525682449341,
-0.2236437350511551,
-0.03425091505050659,
0.038974374532699585,
-0.0255176592618227,
-0.7386958599090576,
0.4670219123363495,
-0.007506287191063166,
-0.2707732915878296,
0.5354899764060974,
-0.14918221533298492,
-0.2578202784061432,
0.06699676811695099,
0.1918891817331314,
-0.29927492141723633,
0.5023386478424072,
-0.07700406759977341
]
|
123518 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%20Again | Adam Again | Adam Again is an American rock band that was active from 1982 until the 2000 death of founder, leader and vocalist Gene Eugene, with Riki Michele on vocals, Paul Valadez on bass, Jon Knox on drums, Greg Lawless on guitar. Dan Michaels often played saxophone.
Thom Jurek of AllMusic has described them as "inventive and artfully canny." The band never achieved commercial viability and quit touring and recording together after March 20, 2000, when Eugene died in his recording studio, the "fabulous" Green Room. On September 20, 2013, bassist Paul Valadez died.
Discography
In a New World of Time (1986)
Ten Songs by Adam Again (1988)
Homeboys (1990)
Dig (1992)
Perfecta (1995)
Worldwide Favourites (1999)
A Tribute to Gene Eugene (2000)
Adam Again Tribute Boxed Set (2001)
Reissues
In a New World of Time (1990) Reissue on CD by An Adam Again Independent Recording AAIR0001
Homeboys + Dig (Music Value Pack) (2000) This KMG Records contains two albums on one CD. It is missing "No Regret" from Homeboys and "So Long" from Dig.
Ten Songs by Adam Again (2002) Remastered by Lo-Fidelity Records. Only 1000 copies were made.
Ten Songs by Adam Again (2013) Remastered by Frontline Records.
Dig (2016) Remastered by Lo-Fidelity Records.
References
Further reading
External links
Adam Again on Facebook
[ Adam Again] on AllMusic
Christian rock groups from California
Musical groups established in 1982
1982 establishments in California | [
0.14505241811275482,
0.2135520875453949,
-0.6067096590995789,
-0.16197806596755981,
0.01160954125225544,
0.6231365203857422,
0.7003450989723206,
0.11448653787374496,
-0.5591013431549072,
-0.38059669733047485,
-0.12535536289215088,
0.2833637297153473,
0.027220195159316063,
0.13286374509334564,
-0.13084208965301514,
0.2824268937110901,
0.14453281462192535,
-0.12173653393983841,
-0.4657694399356842,
0.057625338435173035,
0.6700297594070435,
0.3442748486995697,
0.40084436535835266,
-0.14882059395313263,
-0.033827535808086395,
0.0195014625787735,
0.028673822060227394,
-0.3572593629360199,
0.12110308557748795,
0.03727220371365547,
-0.2167997658252716,
0.029056807979941368,
1.0649421215057373,
-0.5872090458869934,
0.21466584503650665,
0.011554370634257793,
-0.6372556090354919,
0.11973149329423904,
-0.018910614773631096,
-0.08811508864164352,
0.01686723530292511,
-0.7079831957817078,
0.18845878541469574,
0.05757196992635727,
0.09420153498649597,
0.11038322001695633,
-1.0145493745803833,
0.18831099569797516,
-0.8633878827095032,
-0.012141134589910507,
-0.029808957129716873,
-0.2151113599538803,
-0.26726818084716797,
0.18859277665615082,
0.3978187143802643,
-0.5220814347267151,
-0.4592645466327667,
-0.23883354663848877,
0.04686109721660614,
0.02573036029934883,
0.43773576617240906,
0.1502307951450348,
-0.16496984660625458,
0.008531597442924976,
-0.29305943846702576,
0.6181229948997498,
0.2130739837884903,
0.4809996485710144,
-0.38344505429267883,
-0.2633827328681946,
-0.04667136073112488,
-0.012098821811378002,
-0.24703581631183624,
-0.2992318272590637,
0.45057541131973267,
-0.42452508211135864,
0.5600011944770813,
0.19462011754512787,
0.12892349064350128,
-0.007486858405172825,
-0.30044353008270264,
0.2553649842739105,
0.6565927267074585,
0.5707593560218811,
-0.5283032655715942,
-0.1750180870294571,
0.001941834227181971,
0.4434988498687744,
-0.47731950879096985,
0.04406348243355751,
-1.179065465927124,
-0.5787031054496765,
0.7205536365509033,
0.9157198071479797,
-0.028236394748091698,
-0.16681939363479614,
-0.706267237663269,
0.13030193746089935,
0.41934260725975037,
0.23289793729782104,
0.34171581268310547,
-0.07622852176427841,
-0.05462983623147011,
0.06642836332321167,
-0.06084107607603073,
0.1377037763595581,
0.28369221091270447,
-0.39101824164390564,
-0.43532925844192505,
-0.2762431204319,
-0.324258029460907,
0.21457794308662415,
-0.03307715058326721,
-0.4335068166255951,
0.3945269286632538,
0.8432173132896423,
0.6165565848350525,
-0.7898082137107849,
-0.5104877948760986,
-0.08760827034711838,
0.3808777630329132,
0.45948532223701477,
0.3841644823551178,
0.5112550258636475,
-0.3155140280723572,
0.08898452669382095,
0.221925750374794,
0.4807702600955963,
-0.3144247531890869,
0.2764874994754791,
-0.30686989426612854,
0.44355708360671997,
-0.12130795419216156,
0.03409691900014877,
0.22555774450302124,
-0.4179111421108246,
0.49460893869400024,
-0.1044539287686348,
0.014576505869626999,
0.26479706168174744,
-0.5820555090904236,
-0.022057252004742622,
0.10991237312555313,
-0.4445936679840088,
0.038823168724775314,
0.007599377539008856,
-0.08045224845409393,
0.5188577175140381,
0.06660205870866776,
-0.1191827580332756,
-0.053144924342632294,
-0.9346386194229126,
-0.34170958399772644,
-0.5438218712806702,
-0.11094360798597336,
0.4119229018688202,
-0.045213792473077774,
0.023121822625398636,
-0.09338273853063583,
0.5492417812347412,
0.1080438420176506,
0.4541490375995636,
0.6083096861839294,
-0.12603725492954254,
0.608178973197937,
-0.056621722877025604,
-0.18712295591831207,
-0.8890870809555054,
0.446452796459198,
-0.2701388895511627,
-0.4041488766670227,
-0.11119647324085236,
0.19535712897777557,
0.21643215417861938,
-0.2443695366382599,
0.0655311569571495,
1.2074260711669922,
0.032837506383657455,
-0.10025066137313843,
0.33647584915161133,
-0.4164520800113678,
0.05604073032736778,
0.16449809074401855,
0.012059325352311134,
0.3513866066932678,
-0.3291000723838806,
-0.02650138922035694,
-0.04897306114435196,
0.6256922483444214,
0.40176552534103394,
-0.02370152249932289,
0.15377964079380035,
0.7184779047966003,
-0.11036117374897003,
0.43627071380615234,
0.145490825176239,
-0.45509976148605347,
0.5967351794242859,
-0.04110017418861389,
0.8261374235153198,
0.14241011440753937,
-0.5838443636894226,
0.5969703793525696,
0.2282770723104477,
0.2446855753660202,
-0.07844022661447525,
0.6946319341659546,
-0.46731138229370117,
0.04823486879467964,
0.2677658498287201,
0.1784788966178894,
-0.40534958243370056,
0.4984462857246399,
-0.00224839779548347,
-0.03882572427392006,
0.3382933437824249,
0.2509821653366089,
-0.010734187439084053,
-0.16722805798053741,
-0.43272194266319275,
0.7642555236816406,
-0.09644464403390884,
-0.019274640828371048,
0.24583585560321808,
0.138203427195549,
1.3415876626968384,
0.17018882930278778,
-0.29638054966926575,
-0.2841877341270447,
-0.19258329272270203,
-0.18212760984897614,
0.7538771629333496,
-0.10599733144044876,
-0.4253355860710144,
0.3000950813293457,
0.2857588529586792,
0.12773296236991882,
-0.6598756909370422,
-0.09006094932556152,
0.3671471178531647,
0.8160916566848755,
0.25304317474365234,
-0.6612716317176819,
-0.11693902313709259,
0.26150089502334595,
0.38590532541275024,
0.45501798391342163,
-0.11178945749998093,
-0.35829800367355347,
0.08100245147943497,
-0.5017126202583313,
-0.3191291093826294,
0.8407506942749023,
0.06382569670677185,
0.016779715195298195,
0.2299218773841858,
0.2093764990568161,
-0.11005200445652008,
0.27011343836784363,
0.20950773358345032,
-0.1472158432006836,
-0.4186774790287018,
-0.03504430130124092,
-0.42529988288879395,
-0.3261812627315521,
-0.4325016736984253,
-0.4566618800163269,
-0.09818634390830994,
0.34652528166770935,
-0.02197383902966976,
0.6643736958503723,
0.43482357263565063,
-0.7112640142440796,
0.299424946308136,
-0.1874632090330124,
0.1211550384759903,
-0.10609176754951477,
-0.047196801751852036,
-0.01320840884000063,
-0.7375560402870178,
0.5320343375205994,
0.7313957810401917,
0.341623991727829,
-0.6187979578971863,
-0.4692726731300354,
0.13616766035556793,
0.018372081220149994,
-0.028871973976492882,
-0.29693323373794556,
0.10368012636899948,
0.07053312659263611,
0.27435293793678284,
-0.49818184971809387,
0.09862733632326126,
0.17096443474292755,
0.016265902668237686,
0.18235372006893158,
-0.6157034039497375,
-0.18473343551158905,
0.7134800553321838,
0.21904215216636658,
-0.11814781278371811,
-0.30682262778282166,
-0.0762743130326271,
0.5954151153564453,
-0.4969707131385803,
0.06539604812860489,
-0.17923180758953094,
-5.798422336578369,
-0.21798518300056458,
0.13757824897766113,
-0.017403386533260345,
0.11354123800992966,
0.07651259750127792,
0.2304241955280304,
-0.31357893347740173,
0.238185316324234,
-0.31972673535346985,
-0.38906773924827576,
-0.0387115553021431,
0.024671027436852455,
0.5368660688400269,
-0.12483232468366623,
0.019486399367451668,
0.5820829272270203,
-0.6637414693832397,
0.3309914469718933,
0.18908162415027618,
0.33242636919021606,
-0.6178491711616516,
-0.6428635716438293,
0.014800422824919224,
-0.46775102615356445,
0.31545785069465637,
-0.46134576201438904,
0.30895793437957764,
-0.4241763949394226,
0.028688300400972366,
-0.39786162972450256,
0.12049020081758499,
-0.06688863784074783,
-0.4826512634754181,
0.06513950973749161,
-0.027423016726970673,
0.15407028794288635,
-0.5909649133682251,
-0.02180631086230278,
-0.3080178201198578,
0.5151463747024536,
-0.050651900470256805,
0.0455024354159832,
-0.2829911410808563,
0.1554686576128006,
0.2569692134857178,
-0.7289238572120667,
-0.5010735392570496,
-0.23211398720741272,
0.7654268145561218,
0.10217173397541046,
-0.0912255123257637,
0.29801133275032043,
-0.17574429512023926,
0.21975895762443542,
0.1335192620754242,
-0.1731787472963333,
0.3143353760242462,
0.6922580599784851,
0.7345339059829712,
0.14426468312740326,
-0.11401695013046265,
0.38781851530075073,
-0.3193160593509674,
0.3098526895046234,
-0.4774925410747528,
0.3975343406200409,
0.2501938045024872,
0.692033588886261,
0.7841418981552124,
-0.05044659972190857,
0.2277391254901886,
0.015108776278793812,
-1.3497854471206665,
-0.04300940781831741,
0.06389576941728592,
-0.020955966785550117,
-0.08656381815671921,
-0.8777047991752625,
0.20229840278625488,
-0.029347481206059456,
-0.03467338904738426,
-0.21207331120967865,
0.18082202970981598,
-0.4460546672344208,
0.1864476203918457,
-0.2158522605895996,
0.21954533457756042,
-0.3799501061439514,
0.02724897302687168,
0.3792603015899658,
-0.5074838995933533,
-0.23643603920936584,
-0.09282571822404861,
0.8360448479652405,
0.5628994107246399,
0.20151840150356293,
0.041290879249572754,
0.553041398525238,
0.36151009798049927,
-0.1628137230873108,
-0.5138238072395325,
0.5617517828941345,
-0.6159194707870483,
-0.24788454174995422,
-0.13773638010025024,
-0.5242210030555725,
-0.4904371500015259,
-0.34281685948371887,
0.1552506387233734,
0.3300493657588959,
-0.38705742359161377,
-0.4380941390991211,
-0.5911615490913391,
0.010186390019953251,
-0.11602615565061569,
-0.15925560891628265,
0.3471454679965973,
0.5176516771316528,
0.452154278755188,
-0.18274207413196564,
0.35053107142448425,
0.2559981942176819,
-0.22447839379310608,
-0.08258963376283646,
-0.38502252101898193,
0.38793209195137024,
-0.023376213386654854,
0.5308347940444946,
0.07667636126279831,
-0.022721203044056892,
0.5345745086669922,
-0.3815193772315979,
0.3020685613155365,
0.2105012685060501,
-0.2604588568210602,
-0.4631173610687256,
0.0020546598825603724,
-0.3633202016353607,
0.36575353145599365,
0.1937739998102188,
-0.5293893218040466,
0.6336439847946167,
0.26360833644866943,
0.4528014361858368,
0.02760908752679825,
0.3708201050758362,
-0.5067675113677979,
-0.23889952898025513,
0.47150927782058716,
0.6232087016105652,
-0.29818013310432434,
1.0191539525985718,
-0.546722412109375,
-0.0037550944834947586,
0.12049707770347595,
-0.004540739580988884,
-0.47168633341789246,
-0.5753915309906006,
0.15926560759544373,
0.19618016481399536,
-0.01611962355673313,
-0.6794371008872986,
0.36099517345428467,
0.28324639797210693,
0.545220136642456,
-0.42919012904167175,
-0.8237380981445312,
0.06525179743766785,
0.17755894362926483,
-0.5766335725784302,
-0.9589970707893372,
0.02082538604736328,
-0.19345621764659882,
0.6682504415512085,
0.38411077857017517,
0.15115320682525635,
-0.4035234749317169,
0.22897771000862122,
-0.5372508764266968,
-0.3513607382774353,
0.5070540308952332,
-0.5453248620033264,
0.43566614389419556,
0.7140018343925476,
-0.9529189467430115,
-0.7303962111473083,
-0.4718737304210663,
-0.2939826250076294,
0.07839679718017578,
0.2782890200614929,
-0.07747789472341537,
0.11910390108823776,
0.15747030079364777,
-0.10463149100542068,
-0.4606723189353943,
0.14884303510189056,
-0.04863773286342621,
0.013889805413782597,
-0.3981119692325592,
0.12880711257457733,
-0.39133429527282715,
0.016914956271648407,
0.23958827555179596,
0.470613569021225,
-0.657822847366333,
0.060680586844682693,
-0.14865125715732574,
-0.25300079584121704,
0.3876044452190399,
0.0671214759349823,
-0.9814139008522034,
0.10050076991319656,
0.427939772605896,
0.47153958678245544,
0.3287430703639984,
0.0366511195898056,
-0.01511372346431017,
-0.9269827008247375,
-0.33244386315345764,
-0.08426995575428009,
-0.3762429654598236,
-0.16140058636665344,
0.2916039824485779,
-0.6810804605484009,
0.3352256715297699,
0.6360558867454529,
0.20153775811195374,
0.1294177621603012,
-0.21958643198013306,
0.12530073523521423,
0.3870384395122528,
0.10002455115318298,
0.3281533122062683,
-0.6683869361877441,
-0.19016298651695251,
-0.31727135181427,
0.5917707681655884,
-0.3320857584476471,
0.43685635924339294,
0.43484583497047424,
0.18299728631973267,
-0.3323996365070343,
-0.6218998432159424,
-0.058306653052568436,
-0.14706330001354218,
-0.038237445056438446,
-0.26277679204940796,
-0.048960696905851364,
0.5766894221305847,
-0.13523361086845398,
-0.1480928659439087,
-0.29050904512405396,
-0.20810291171073914,
0.512588381767273,
-0.4736091196537018,
-0.1940891593694687,
-0.9546106457710266,
-0.2892639935016632,
-0.5986423492431641,
-0.16352041065692902,
0.08325614780187607,
-0.31257882714271545,
-0.10058732330799103,
-0.5016384124755859,
-0.15515756607055664,
0.004636514000594616,
-0.1937543749809265,
0.31626787781715393,
-0.39159318804740906,
-0.216672882437706,
-0.45285242795944214,
-0.05558370426297188,
0.658469021320343,
-0.8529735207557678,
-0.07887357473373413,
-0.04515032842755318,
-0.43732547760009766,
0.08350933343172073,
0.15690690279006958,
-0.41699832677841187,
0.4746921956539154,
0.3078288435935974,
-0.1242079809308052,
0.45274484157562256,
-0.17453022301197052,
-0.1530309021472931,
-0.8990899920463562,
-0.1854996234178543,
0.05704774335026741,
-0.26607629656791687,
-0.12732341885566711,
0.26566624641418457,
0.22117926180362701,
-0.2966960072517395,
0.11714588850736618,
0.15742823481559753,
0.27467989921569824,
-0.3638196885585785,
-0.1604071706533432,
0.08369779586791992,
0.5040196180343628,
0.70028156042099,
0.1836869865655899,
-0.557575523853302,
0.05469544604420662,
0.4769791066646576,
-0.2742479145526886,
-0.09305083751678467,
-0.07344591617584229,
0.019861437380313873,
-0.3722964823246002,
0.11946172267198563,
0.6725987195968628,
-0.6984697580337524,
0.5089949369430542,
0.3937968313694,
-0.3725900650024414,
-0.11808771640062332,
0.21889731287956238,
0.5347822904586792,
0.10786639153957367,
0.07805275171995163,
-0.19922231137752533,
0.6720535159111023,
0.4977489709854126,
0.4830659031867981,
-0.48711317777633667,
0.08873344957828522,
0.6141106486320496,
0.3254951238632202,
-0.25423485040664673,
-0.5274563431739807,
0.18948446214199066,
0.054700057953596115,
-0.30754294991493225,
-0.11157930642366409,
-0.07886071503162384,
-0.512259840965271,
0.8144858479499817,
-0.0184946171939373,
0.3633359968662262,
-0.31080010533332825,
0.11516544222831726,
0.3063642978668213,
-0.44338807463645935,
-0.06683407723903656,
-0.1328020542860031,
0.7029855847358704,
0.29863494634628296,
-0.39277276396751404,
0.014273595064878464,
-0.4277838170528412,
-0.6915298104286194,
0.33801424503326416,
-0.33928436040878296,
-0.1421862244606018,
0.008225238882005215,
-0.002098572440445423,
0.09610554575920105,
-0.04135278984904289,
0.18220752477645874,
0.4391465187072754,
0.13896290957927704,
-0.6018470525741577,
-0.12842294573783875,
0.0614839568734169,
-0.13640765845775604,
-0.6541221737861633,
0.37543097138404846,
0.39787131547927856,
0.4197797179222107,
0.30101117491722107,
-0.09671856462955475,
0.07534318417310715,
0.4278467893600464,
0.5807608962059021,
0.0133281908929348,
-0.7403227090835571,
0.28888899087905884,
0.21635712683200836,
-0.25810548663139343,
-0.6171219944953918,
-0.4987151622772217,
-0.1680375039577484,
0.25743550062179565,
-0.07727963477373123,
0.4020296037197113,
-0.3994230329990387,
-0.38830575346946716,
0.5032364726066589,
-1.235451340675354,
0.09343397617340088,
0.35475239157676697,
-0.3854643404483795,
-0.23471049964427948,
0.015049578621983528,
0.5961632132530212,
0.259499192237854,
0.6578362584114075,
0.9458780288696289,
0.3593868911266327,
0.22844070196151733,
0.23154352605342865,
-0.2500567138195038,
0.2763071358203888,
-0.6078830361366272,
-0.6658269166946411,
-0.9385666847229004,
0.4226260483264923,
0.4772578775882721,
-0.17373113334178925,
-0.11652818322181702,
0.24172888696193695,
-0.33866503834724426,
-0.1253891885280609,
0.5536161661148071,
-0.3378016948699951,
-0.24027305841445923,
0.18791839480400085,
0.026853851974010468,
0.004553171806037426,
-0.010129851289093494,
0.8257433772087097,
-0.3269093632698059,
-0.2941054403781891,
0.14223261177539825,
-0.22880323231220245,
0.3731251060962677,
0.28078559041023254,
0.7224373817443848,
-0.5235758423805237,
0.377218097448349,
-0.10305299609899521,
-0.3607051968574524,
-0.8504555821418762,
0.3332400619983673,
0.3359052538871765,
0.19715610146522522,
0.03875091299414635,
0.48754772543907166,
-0.37154555320739746,
-0.5024928450584412,
-0.16076895594596863,
-1.037685751914978,
-0.10861871391534805,
-0.11102277040481567,
-0.47964802384376526,
-0.08179878443479538,
0.1869538277387619,
0.050184160470962524,
-0.494173526763916,
0.36792585253715515,
0.13191166520118713,
0.3438855707645416,
-0.13410615921020508,
0.003040169831365347,
-0.2961546778678894,
0.20789211988449097,
-1.260676383972168
]
|
123523 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guile | Guile | Guile may refer to:
Astuteness, deception.
GNU Guile, an implementation of the Scheme programming language
Guile (Street Fighter), a video game character from the Street Fighter series
Guile (Chrono Cross), a video game character from Chrono Cross
Guile Island, Antarctica
Guilé Foundation, a Swiss organisation for business ethics
People with the surname
Melanie Guile (born 1949), Australian writer
See also
Guille (disambiguation) | [
0.1827118694782257,
-0.026286950334906578,
-0.6188557147979736,
0.29273420572280884,
-0.37565261125564575,
0.12421059608459473,
0.8460319638252258,
0.4033398926258087,
0.1219392716884613,
-0.6228539347648621,
-0.3910413086414337,
0.9176880121231079,
0.02723943255841732,
-0.24305005371570587,
-0.5852265954017639,
0.35453319549560547,
0.22661347687244415,
0.40914005041122437,
0.16193784773349762,
0.10518684983253479,
-0.26934027671813965,
0.47599655389785767,
-0.2303265482187271,
-0.6622845530509949,
0.19952814280986786,
-0.0335516519844532,
0.3659513294696808,
0.21764162182807922,
-0.18492251634597778,
-0.3015252947807312,
0.1462887078523636,
0.35937732458114624,
0.15674999356269836,
-0.4817301332950592,
-0.13935703039169312,
-0.06009262055158615,
0.1932070106267929,
-0.40108245611190796,
-0.2449951469898224,
0.013447944074869156,
-0.22359998524188995,
-0.014820600859820843,
0.709051787853241,
-0.26151642203330994,
-0.36930546164512634,
-0.40796178579330444,
-1.720970869064331,
0.1324726939201355,
-0.1143377348780632,
0.04905588552355766,
-0.5519886016845703,
0.07733531296253204,
-0.15974020957946777,
0.464777410030365,
0.2218340039253235,
1.0217500925064087,
-0.8354529142379761,
-0.40385863184928894,
0.014311992563307285,
-0.36395299434661865,
0.10104557871818542,
0.3583281338214874,
0.23413044214248657,
-0.17108067870140076,
0.10904888808727264,
0.22806228697299957,
-0.11741404235363007,
0.6057859063148499,
-0.7728250622749329,
-0.7081478834152222,
0.12140975147485733,
0.25672799348831177,
-0.023551275953650475,
0.6179815530776978,
-0.19037216901779175,
-0.43189120292663574,
-0.020519720390439034,
-0.35679781436920166,
0.1623624563217163,
-0.1136065199971199,
-0.013859808444976807,
-0.2036173939704895,
0.46882015466690063,
-0.3448001444339752,
0.22561009228229523,
0.48429906368255615,
-0.05553156137466431,
1.2972426414489746,
-0.5823934674263,
-0.21563290059566498,
0.5963301658630371,
-0.34804701805114746,
-0.021961821243166924,
0.4650999903678894,
0.001845293096266687,
0.45115453004837036,
0.8086379766464233,
-0.029520411044359207,
0.14365452527999878,
0.7153842449188232,
0.26611658930778503,
-0.15940625965595245,
0.43948572874069214,
-0.37989434599876404,
-0.2285085916519165,
-0.010124840773642063,
-0.18964706361293793,
-0.7743790745735168,
-0.4309794306755066,
-0.42321354150772095,
-0.15356746315956116,
0.3912672698497772,
0.02804938144981861,
0.24474558234214783,
-0.7730988264083862,
0.07395106554031372,
0.31978490948677063,
0.6167538166046143,
0.03149738535284996,
-0.01191744115203619,
1.0967206954956055,
0.15856672823429108,
0.34575140476226807,
-0.07209544628858566,
0.14885039627552032,
-0.1349930316209793,
0.09317616373300552,
0.6926559805870056,
0.2882991433143616,
-0.038206759840250015,
0.6070494651794434,
0.567345917224884,
-0.4790356159210205,
-0.2830633819103241,
-0.10789617896080017,
0.1204957589507103,
0.690395712852478,
0.05402940511703491,
0.3263920247554779,
0.034979306161403656,
-0.5981491208076477,
-0.48856380581855774,
-0.7802289724349976,
0.1492590308189392,
0.5782654285430908,
-0.13029845058918,
0.23575827479362488,
-0.16497600078582764,
0.18420012295246124,
-0.12072470784187317,
0.006036960054188967,
0.06016864627599716,
0.035220835357904434,
0.24988703429698944,
-0.35722893476486206,
0.18833498656749725,
0.2832352817058563,
-0.24539931118488312,
-0.20603661239147186,
0.2660727798938751,
0.15888099372386932,
-0.31711724400520325,
-0.8169024586677551,
-0.132350891828537,
0.016495218500494957,
-0.2108858972787857,
-0.3045702278614044,
0.4251595437526703,
-0.15188932418823242,
0.5234958529472351,
-0.527174711227417,
0.0983734130859375,
0.4742533266544342,
-0.41148459911346436,
0.060243867337703705,
0.597990095615387,
-0.3530704081058502,
0.20884019136428833,
0.7432911992073059,
-0.16570325195789337,
-0.7012321352958679,
0.15494443476200104,
0.5312312841415405,
-0.35693687200546265,
0.0005123618757352233,
-0.04100632667541504,
0.254506379365921,
-0.17379027605056763,
0.01463685929775238,
-0.40707260370254517,
-0.8744168281555176,
-0.23176881670951843,
0.4022771716117859,
-0.1781873106956482,
0.9315711259841919,
-0.15148718655109406,
-0.7658506035804749,
0.7381685376167297,
-0.13502386212348938,
0.37321847677230835,
0.15333637595176697,
-0.4790854752063751,
-0.19120989739894867,
0.3647127151489258,
-0.3469250798225403,
0.3638826608657837,
-0.05526579171419144,
0.6791298985481262,
-0.038982193917036057,
0.7715136408805847,
0.12679429352283478,
-0.5818688273429871,
0.2787095904350281,
-0.4206571877002716,
0.14757409691810608,
0.43532130122184753,
-0.7127003073692322,
0.34841570258140564,
0.30642300844192505,
-0.014214757829904556,
0.2428770661354065,
-0.3385346829891205,
-0.7191447019577026,
0.8090866804122925,
0.2837579846382141,
0.7670925855636597,
-0.11973366886377335,
0.5162546038627625,
0.22986729443073273,
-0.9352442622184753,
-0.2715393304824829,
-0.05734309181571007,
0.5990034937858582,
-0.36306044459342957,
-0.47368985414505005,
0.1273375004529953,
0.3836130201816559,
0.22766245901584625,
0.294219970703125,
-0.5682501196861267,
0.27496448159217834,
0.052721381187438965,
-0.36931490898132324,
0.8619023561477661,
0.06982770562171936,
0.4650595486164093,
-0.39561522006988525,
0.3631049692630768,
-0.14936594665050507,
0.010038938373327255,
0.21059484779834747,
0.24671171605587006,
0.2478208690881729,
-0.8317469954490662,
0.5983362793922424,
-0.5039228796958923,
-0.09297771751880646,
-0.06758517026901245,
0.09389456361532211,
0.0016623546835035086,
-0.3535814881324768,
0.2415802925825119,
0.11671461910009384,
0.3294469118118286,
0.15237079560756683,
0.0015282424865290523,
0.164041206240654,
-0.15930821001529694,
0.19562481343746185,
0.1557830572128296,
0.22920438647270203,
-0.3014396131038666,
-1.068240761756897,
-0.7006361484527588,
-0.23281602561473846,
0.09480678290128708,
0.1261024922132492,
0.3144884705543518,
-0.986070990562439,
-0.3774886429309845,
-0.002539694309234619,
0.3860045075416565,
0.3381733298301697,
-0.3095215857028961,
-0.2789384722709656,
-0.27803531289100647,
0.48946309089660645,
0.0008257434819824994,
-0.49543899297714233,
-0.04529200494289398,
-0.6589946746826172,
0.5852303504943848,
0.084727942943573,
0.24086539447307587,
0.16607508063316345,
-0.24880412220954895,
-0.5847476124763489,
0.041024111211299896,
0.2862926125526428,
-0.534264862537384,
0.030864227563142776,
0.349706768989563,
-0.7586530447006226,
-0.3258282244205475,
-0.15544255077838898,
-0.2748160660266876,
-0.0028759308625012636,
0.007612759247422218,
-5.42531681060791,
-0.017750168219208717,
-0.20798002183437347,
-0.13153567910194397,
0.09139487147331238,
0.00753438426181674,
0.2972353398799896,
-0.48593682050704956,
-0.6108083724975586,
0.20258204638957977,
0.07026319950819016,
-0.026105277240276337,
0.2866416573524475,
0.2348787635564804,
0.6691120862960815,
-0.12873488664627075,
0.3103048801422119,
-0.864621639251709,
0.17213408648967743,
0.47066134214401245,
-0.06268063932657242,
0.6187302470207214,
0.2922050356864929,
0.29244351387023926,
0.2417282611131668,
-0.19544866681098938,
-0.08621619641780853,
-0.7030092477798462,
-0.5118511319160461,
-0.113380067050457,
0.22274379432201385,
0.13876131176948547,
0.1951776146888733,
0.22266319394111633,
-0.14738236367702484,
-0.13503728806972504,
0.5377181172370911,
-0.38678911328315735,
0.0344063900411129,
0.05158410966396332,
-0.3287374973297119,
0.6637758612632751,
0.23150259256362915,
0.6462475061416626,
0.771425187587738,
-0.6685963273048401,
-0.14968277513980865,
-0.31330057978630066,
-0.5167006850242615,
0.3060043156147003,
-0.29272323846817017,
-0.39005422592163086,
0.3760426342487335,
0.06983169168233871,
0.1858680248260498,
-0.37889447808265686,
0.858924925327301,
-0.2956882119178772,
-0.20104792714118958,
0.17289602756500244,
0.5083358883857727,
-0.3239663541316986,
0.13550478219985962,
0.16456298530101776,
0.31988194584846497,
-0.38386234641075134,
-0.16914910078048706,
-0.620962917804718,
0.8529027700424194,
0.020789243280887604,
-0.2017785906791687,
0.3517061769962311,
0.4923862814903259,
-0.9023457765579224,
0.7099429368972778,
-0.27776458859443665,
-0.5502089262008667,
-0.18457631766796112,
0.8096193671226501,
0.06156815588474274,
-0.4624570310115814,
0.002398379612714052,
-0.5914973616600037,
-0.10598772019147873,
0.48705363273620605,
-0.41814857721328735,
0.12515640258789062,
0.34682750701904297,
0.1387963891029358,
-0.054884761571884155,
1.3368995189666748,
0.21099188923835754,
0.03714480623602867,
0.5900262594223022,
-0.318484902381897,
1.304160714149475,
0.48971614241600037,
-0.22396636009216309,
0.18071219325065613,
-0.6850966215133667,
0.23995471000671387,
-0.4234088659286499,
0.6988113522529602,
-0.13482116162776947,
-0.03458705544471741,
-0.4702634811401367,
-0.2506883144378662,
0.23228959739208221,
0.9334862232208252,
-0.5154648423194885,
0.5154006481170654,
0.2781291604042053,
0.09734378010034561,
0.034122902899980545,
0.38008496165275574,
-0.3895260691642761,
-0.09967216849327087,
0.437787801027298,
0.03453860059380531,
-0.3959498107433319,
0.023378940299153328,
0.07389461994171143,
-0.33530232310295105,
-0.09144646674394608,
-0.5498248934745789,
-0.5008639693260193,
-0.015574051067233086,
0.23014549911022186,
0.008460085839033127,
0.03127322345972061,
0.3076508045196533,
0.3810333013534546,
-0.08204790949821472,
-0.13566341996192932,
0.0031045260839164257,
-0.6603608727455139,
-0.31161192059516907,
-0.37257662415504456,
-0.8054719567298889,
-0.9704452753067017,
0.211422860622406,
-0.4997991919517517,
-0.4362220764160156,
0.4616476595401764,
0.6949695348739624,
-0.22016796469688416,
-0.3043319582939148,
-0.11332294344902039,
-0.06165839731693268,
1.2631577253341675,
-0.10445040464401245,
-0.134431391954422,
0.738732099533081,
-0.7934285402297974,
0.14204996824264526,
-0.027265479788184166,
-0.3380317986011505,
0.14176897704601288,
-0.4232408404350281,
0.01665618270635605,
0.25861644744873047,
0.4070480465888977,
-1.264731764793396,
0.04869094491004944,
-0.30222705006599426,
-0.3440679609775543,
-0.5660035610198975,
-0.25179633498191833,
-0.1262446641921997,
0.5633553266525269,
-0.3468334972858429,
-0.7089635729789734,
-0.2900123596191406,
-0.4671013057231903,
0.7419092655181885,
-0.17179206013679504,
-0.044878747314214706,
0.03228545933961868,
-0.30346453189849854,
-0.5474796295166016,
-0.1566634476184845,
-0.3420213460922241,
-0.21011129021644592,
0.08854972571134567,
0.33761826157569885,
-0.46217337250709534,
0.42647334933280945,
0.1328977346420288,
-0.36458620429039,
-0.22871394455432892,
-0.6092448234558105,
0.28576475381851196,
0.8438518643379211,
0.21797887980937958,
-0.3055751919746399,
-0.0012589122634381056,
0.11507219076156616,
0.6937239170074463,
0.04305969551205635,
-0.103308767080307,
0.26127874851226807,
0.28064796328544617,
-0.6713916063308716,
0.04601270332932472,
0.6366711258888245,
-0.5212177634239197,
0.7738074660301208,
0.015067088417708874,
-0.49771755933761597,
0.6839820146560669,
-0.8004437685012817,
-0.44008228182792664,
-0.3771306872367859,
0.3601626455783844,
-0.0573418103158474,
-0.550504744052887,
0.24406614899635315,
-0.3840954303741455,
-0.47013676166534424,
-0.16605213284492493,
0.34995216131210327,
-0.6383891105651855,
-0.7332753539085388,
0.4749036431312561,
-0.6012792587280273,
-0.40171995759010315,
0.1855390965938568,
-0.5195185542106628,
1.3702199459075928,
-0.16605323553085327,
0.05283904820680618,
0.6679040789604187,
0.45015496015548706,
0.5416725873947144,
-0.04431583732366562,
-0.30013254284858704,
0.2550808787345886,
0.4127637445926666,
-0.13791219890117645,
-0.17266413569450378,
0.45602062344551086,
0.8750353455543518,
0.023613691329956055,
-0.11516408622264862,
0.15779609978199005,
0.14047382771968842,
0.08349937945604324,
-0.8793901205062866,
-0.6124511361122131,
0.14411114156246185,
-0.273394912481308,
0.13501831889152527,
-0.43197664618492126,
-0.3810961842536926,
0.15746335685253143,
-0.6125745177268982,
0.40278857946395874,
0.015221047215163708,
-0.02940632961690426,
0.470836341381073,
-0.2269473522901535,
-0.34939277172088623,
-0.18164615333080292,
-0.2767636179924011,
0.4118083417415619,
-0.384774386882782,
0.11630706489086151,
-0.3760892152786255,
0.12666232883930206,
-0.11988223344087601,
0.035021211951971054,
-0.4384879767894745,
0.23966394364833832,
0.19724932312965393,
-0.2037482112646103,
-0.13528436422348022,
-0.3661625385284424,
-0.1634032130241394,
-0.1924687922000885,
-0.18653272092342377,
0.11427657306194305,
-0.17341868579387665,
0.46068158745765686,
-0.9502387642860413,
0.24783684313297272,
-0.2503686845302582,
0.581544041633606,
-0.2117617279291153,
-0.6304255127906799,
-0.19175036251544952,
-0.251555860042572,
0.2728706896305084,
0.29269373416900635,
0.4474295973777771,
-0.19882042706012726,
0.4807400405406952,
-0.11630126088857651,
0.2814403176307678,
-0.1430887132883072,
0.07453548908233643,
-0.1920413374900818,
-0.20963090658187866,
-0.1340138167142868,
-0.9541903734207153,
0.5417042970657349,
-0.4700421988964081,
-0.017380081117153168,
-0.5768378973007202,
0.41654592752456665,
-0.16606351733207703,
-0.27652040123939514,
0.3648628890514374,
-0.028307367116212845,
0.20482298731803894,
0.17418089509010315,
-0.20524106919765472,
-0.12171336263418198,
-0.16767868399620056,
-0.004738745745271444,
0.46451449394226074,
0.2424682378768921,
-0.6209321022033691,
0.611687183380127,
0.00010254493827233091,
-0.17414364218711853,
0.49718019366264343,
-0.46642768383026123,
0.12423434853553772,
0.7430169582366943,
-0.7374823689460754,
0.4715708792209625,
0.1674628108739853,
0.08892432600259781,
0.289394348859787,
0.22486725449562073,
-0.8023831248283386,
0.7334837317466736,
-0.4827379882335663,
-0.20091333985328674,
0.37145715951919556,
0.52752685546875,
0.2689407467842102,
0.22504869103431702,
-0.1717730313539505,
-0.4613822102546692,
0.4922804832458496,
0.26918208599090576,
0.4372421205043793,
-1.0270005464553833,
0.26600533723831177,
0.9334043860435486,
-0.22227901220321655,
0.5130646228790283,
-0.3664943277835846,
0.7171551585197449,
-0.43584004044532776,
-0.3327839970588684,
-0.16199089586734772,
-0.8149042725563049,
-0.26302406191825867,
0.28786012530326843,
-0.09638034552335739,
0.16244389116764069,
0.11682850867509842,
0.2678891718387604,
0.19740398228168488,
0.3706170916557312,
-0.049792081117630005,
-0.5012691617012024,
0.15276317298412323,
0.24411696195602417,
0.3201955556869507,
0.1625671535730362,
0.21771539747714996,
0.06894724071025848,
-0.34983962774276733,
0.5173729658126831,
0.12798123061656952,
0.2435145229101181,
-0.7660651206970215,
-0.3999035358428955,
0.17086969316005707,
-0.8639928102493286,
-0.3339785039424896,
-0.2928965389728546,
0.14682498574256897,
-0.04296094551682472,
0.6260806322097778,
-0.10643342137336731,
-0.04564199969172478,
0.14285187423229218,
0.23154421150684357,
0.03809648007154465,
0.08928265422582626,
-0.2472609579563141,
-0.4102587103843689,
-0.17544357478618622,
0.5587839484214783,
-0.10554446280002594,
0.03793365880846977,
0.04451087489724159,
0.9510449767112732,
0.024396803230047226,
0.3064408600330353,
-0.546202540397644,
0.209572434425354,
-0.24917009472846985,
-0.02967665158212185,
-0.894608199596405,
-0.2980080544948578,
0.4699188470840454,
-0.5938476920127869,
0.12823157012462616,
-0.017487069591879845,
-0.1778630018234253,
-0.0398658886551857,
0.6688894629478455,
-0.04074930027127266,
0.37910065054893494,
-0.3904482126235962,
0.6159049868583679,
0.2642582356929779,
0.7543609142303467,
-0.007058958988636732,
-0.44288182258605957,
0.18268707394599915,
0.25527212023735046,
0.1277870386838913,
-0.21616582572460175,
0.43489527702331543,
-0.7534388303756714,
-0.13589785993099213,
-0.483880877494812,
0.29881834983825684,
0.007123187184333801,
-0.7599643468856812,
0.40784889459609985,
0.3085477650165558,
0.25493746995925903,
-0.33457911014556885,
0.517880916595459,
-0.42942699790000916,
0.2274787873029709,
0.39405980706214905,
-1.881730318069458,
0.3112585246562958,
-0.377872496843338,
-0.06720591336488724,
0.6294296383857727,
0.2641140818595886,
0.6056129336357117,
-0.9300162196159363,
0.4497067928314209,
-0.04105390980839729,
-0.26693737506866455,
0.3199879825115204,
0.5559698343276978,
-0.8821681141853333,
-0.7630082368850708,
0.4733073115348816
]
|
123526 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leigh%20Nash | Leigh Nash | Leigh Anne Bingham Nash (; born June 27, 1976) is an American singer and songwriter who was the lead vocalist for the pop band Sixpence None the Richer and is also was member of Fauxliage and Movement Nashville. Her debut solo album, Blue on Blue, was released on August 15, 2006, by the One Son/Nettwerk record labels. Nash has released two other solo albums in 2011 and 2015. Nash has two Grammy nominations: Best Pop Performance By A Duo Or Group With Vocal in 1999 and Best Rock Gospel Album in 1998.
Early life
Nash was born Leigh Anne Bingham in New Braunfels, Texas. She started singing country music and learning old country songs on the guitar at the age of 12. She had several years' experience singing in local cafes with a band and performed regularly at a Texan country & western dance hall. She met guitarist and songwriter Matt Slocum at a church retreat in the early 1990s.
Career
Leigh Nash and Matt Slocum formed Sixpence None the Richer (named for a line from the book Mere Christianity by the author C.S. Lewis) soon after and went on to record four full-length albums with the band. Their first album, released when she was age 16, was The Fatherless & the Widow. The album garnered critical acclaim and Slocum and Nash searched for new band members.
Joined by Tess Wiley, Dale Baker, and J.J. Plascencio, the new band recorded This Beautiful Mess, which won a Dove Award for Best Album. Wiley quit the band after their US tour and the band released the Tickets for a Prayer Wheel EP and then signed to the Squint Records label following the demise of R.E.X.
The band's eponymous album was released in 1997 and the single "Kiss Me" in 1999. In 1999 they received numerous Dove Awards, including Best Artist of the Year. The band was also nominated for a Grammy Award. A second single, a cover of the La's "There She Goes", also hit the Billboard Hot 100, followed by a third single, "I Can't Catch You".
In 2000, Nash sang the song "Need to Be Next to You" for the movie Bounce in order to thank Miramax that had used "Kiss Me" in the movie She's All That and brought them into the spotlight. Written by Diane Warren, it became Nash's first solo single.
After the departure of drummer Dale Baker and bass player J.J. Plascencio, Sixpence None the Richer released Divine Discontent in 2001. Two singles from that album, "Breathe Your Name" and a cover of Crowded House's 1986 hit single "Don't Dream It's Over", charted on the US Adult Top 40 at No. 18 and No. 9, respectively.
In 2003, the band appeared on an episode of the final season of the ABC sitcom Sabrina, The Teenage Witch.
In 2004, Sixpence None the Richer announced their break-up by letter from Matt Slocum to CCM Magazine. After that, the band released The Best of Sixpence None the Richer. Nash and her husband left their Nashville home of 10 years and moved to Los Angeles.
Nash released her first solo record, Blue on Blue, in August 2006 on One Son Records, Nash's own imprint label through Nettwerk Productions. The first single, "My Idea of Heaven", was released to U.S. radio the week of July 14, 2006, and the song "Ocean Size Love" was to be the second single, but it was a promo release only. She has also recorded a song "Mirrors and Smoke" with the band Jars of Clay on their album Good Monsters the same year. She also performed the song "A Place for Us" (written by Bryan Adams) with Tyler James for the 2007 Disney film Bridge to Terabithia.
In 2007, Nash began a new band, Fauxliage, with Canadian band Delerium, which released a self-titled album on August 14, 2007. Nash, Megan Thompson and Kate York also started a Christian band called Thompson, York & Nash. They worked on a few songs that have been put on MySpace. However, none of the songs posted on their MySpace page have been formally released.
In January 2008 Nash traveled to New Zealand for the annual Parachute Music Festival, where she performed acoustic covers of Sixpence None the Richer hits "Kiss Me " and "There She Goes". In late 2008, Nash toured with Delerium.
Nash has since rejoined Sixpence and worked on a new EP My Dear Machine EP, and the Christmas album The Dawn of Grace with tour dates planned throughout 2008 in the States and Europe. Guitarist Tess Wiley returned to the band to support them on a European tour.
Nash joined Open Wings-Broken Strings tour in late 2009, along with Ed Kowalczyk of Live and Art Alexakis of Everclear. In 2011 she released a worship album entitled Hymns and Sacred Songs, and in August 2012, she released Lost in Transition, her sixth studio album with Sixpence None the Richer.
On September 18, 2015, Nash released her album: The State I'm In. She writes for BMG.
In 2018, Nash released a cover of the Pretenders' 1986 single "Don't Get Me Wrong". In an interview, Nash stated that new music will be coming soon and will be crowd-funded. On August 25, 2021, Nash announced The Tide, a six-song project, would be released September 24 and would feature collaborations with Vince Gill, Tanya Tucker, CeCe Winans, Ruby Amanfu, Raul Malo and Stephen Wilson Jr.
Inspiration
Nash has two distinct poles of inspiration: her work with Sixpence in the Christian music sphere and her childhood fascination with older female country artists like Tanya Tucker, Loretta Lynn, and Patsy Cline.
"I started singing country music and learning old country songs on the guitar when I was 12. I was really, really shy but just had this desire to get on stage and started calling clubs myself to ask if I could come down and sing", says Nash, who grew up in the Texas Hill Country town of New Braunfels.
Before long, the adolescent Nash was singing Loretta Lynn and Tanya Tucker songs like "You Ain't Woman Enough to Take My Man" and "Texas When I Die" on alcohol-free, open mic Sunday nights, backed by a middle-aged band of town locals. Later in life her interest in pop acts like the Sundays, Innocence Mission, and the Cranberries provided more formative material for her songwriting and singing.
Personal life
Nash is the younger of two sisters. She married PFR drummer Mark Nash in May 1996, whom she met while both bands were performing at the Cornerstone Festival in Illinois. They had one child (a son) together in 2004. The couple divorced in 2007. Nash married musician Stephen Wilson in 2011.
Discography
Blue on Blue (2006)
Fauxliage (collaboration with Delerium) (2007)
Hymns and Sacred Songs (2011)
The State I'm In (2015)
The Tide (2021)
Other appearances
References
External links
1976 births
Living people
21st-century American women singers
21st-century American singers
People from New Braunfels, Texas
People from Nashville, Tennessee
American women country singers
American country singer-songwriters
American women pop singers
American women rock singers
American pop rock singers
American performers of Christian music
Musicians from New Braunfels, Texas
Singer-songwriters from Texas
Singer-songwriters from Tennessee
Country musicians from Texas
Country musicians from Tennessee
New Braunfels High School alumni | [
-0.3389332890510559,
-0.47267693281173706,
0.08350653201341629,
0.10735836625099182,
0.2767144441604614,
0.5986950993537903,
0.7376516461372375,
-0.18356852233409882,
-0.10654227435588837,
-0.14305804669857025,
0.39691776037216187,
0.8948767185211182,
0.40490445494651794,
0.17203295230865479,
-0.3911508619785309,
0.20859740674495697,
0.24875420331954956,
-0.31967446208000183,
-0.11356399208307266,
-0.38247036933898926,
0.2540823519229889,
0.05264120548963547,
0.20840668678283691,
-0.5692920088768005,
-0.36149710416793823,
0.8864432573318481,
-0.18609477579593658,
-0.16579687595367432,
-0.3966290056705475,
-0.31438595056533813,
0.006797413807362318,
0.5562080144882202,
1.0477149486541748,
0.042415641248226166,
0.0037373898085206747,
0.5490915179252625,
0.34629279375076294,
-0.4266069531440735,
-0.40775632858276367,
-0.8496273756027222,
0.21211419999599457,
-0.3818543255329132,
0.32104647159576416,
-0.04509095102548599,
-0.42269235849380493,
-0.06502661108970642,
-1.058283805847168,
0.14455480873584747,
-0.9766795039176941,
-0.9692190289497375,
-0.19766449928283691,
0.297476589679718,
-0.22813507914543152,
0.13663902878761292,
0.42789003252983093,
-0.17146816849708557,
-0.7457194924354553,
-0.3100057542324066,
-0.1564219444990158,
-0.4856727719306946,
-0.02537458948791027,
-0.07537773996591568,
0.08136758953332901,
-0.4224275052547455,
0.05630751699209213,
0.13894018530845642,
0.3530694842338562,
0.22056253254413605,
-0.3889075219631195,
-0.4571232497692108,
0.4723958373069763,
0.7347111701965332,
-0.02628261223435402,
-0.0940304696559906,
-0.028162270784378052,
0.6207441687583923,
0.15193843841552734,
-0.030084682628512383,
0.6082941889762878,
0.6522203087806702,
-0.25920370221138,
-0.2209196537733078,
1.0527082681655884,
0.8452498316764832,
-0.0679328516125679,
-0.02206351049244404,
0.46431925892829895,
0.7154670357704163,
-0.7397438287734985,
0.06661993265151978,
-0.3925117552280426,
-0.7546457648277283,
0.48180198669433594,
0.47217243909835815,
-0.25673800706863403,
-0.765099287033081,
0.44982123374938965,
-0.18941718339920044,
0.44221386313438416,
-0.2656078338623047,
-0.5220782160758972,
-0.22792066633701324,
-0.32829925417900085,
-0.41455626487731934,
-0.6397915482521057,
0.41136547923088074,
-0.5125607848167419,
-0.026457302272319794,
-0.32948100566864014,
-0.1537093222141266,
-0.004007167648524046,
0.20434844493865967,
-0.15503865480422974,
0.16719408333301544,
0.15602609515190125,
0.13008736073970795,
0.02244768850505352,
-0.4445168375968933,
-0.6554358601570129,
0.0022671702317893505,
0.8183547258377075,
-0.22978118062019348,
0.5815848112106323,
0.4359050393104553,
-0.2300136238336563,
-0.2092873752117157,
0.32166799902915955,
0.14634393155574799,
0.06254297494888306,
0.6242582201957703,
0.10412860661745071,
0.12696577608585358,
-0.22276130318641663,
0.2450966238975525,
-0.36026331782341003,
-0.21781626343727112,
-0.4314938187599182,
-0.4621679186820984,
0.46432968974113464,
0.3744678795337677,
-0.4129703640937805,
0.07317002862691879,
-0.4248640537261963,
-0.4880180060863495,
0.28791922330856323,
-0.03564631566405296,
0.09128525108098984,
0.34081584215164185,
-0.643854022026062,
-0.23844397068023682,
0.06813499331474304,
0.17806857824325562,
-0.08371591567993164,
-1.044306755065918,
-0.25525277853012085,
-0.4588996469974518,
0.2547900080680847,
-0.04740126430988312,
-0.24814538657665253,
0.1987432986497879,
-0.3438352346420288,
0.3416559398174286,
0.2452760636806488,
0.09036161005496979,
0.3911392092704773,
-0.15373626351356506,
-0.005113149061799049,
0.40022987127304077,
-0.5065023303031921,
-0.2659580111503601,
0.08533337712287903,
-0.08262328803539276,
0.19886833429336548,
-0.13286302983760834,
-0.40026819705963135,
0.4370787441730499,
0.6780515909194946,
-0.008169841952621937,
0.23631718754768372,
-0.09919736534357071,
-0.513184666633606,
0.06458190083503723,
0.2184392213821411,
0.27129918336868286,
0.29697030782699585,
0.22854749858379364,
-0.2462495118379593,
-0.051383402198553085,
0.4637018144130707,
-0.4448532164096832,
-0.9730221033096313,
-0.6659030914306641,
0.6533634662628174,
0.49020442366600037,
0.06835111230611801,
0.16757535934448242,
0.4134637117385864,
0.2919218838214874,
0.6413029432296753,
-0.11238722503185272,
-0.14045751094818115,
-0.3904712498188019,
0.036527782678604126,
-0.26675426959991455,
-0.3611660897731781,
0.391141414642334,
0.6288499236106873,
-0.14703767001628876,
-0.22077152132987976,
0.2986476719379425,
-0.4940437972545624,
-0.88266921043396,
0.04449380934238434,
0.37300434708595276,
-0.5627005696296692,
-0.7274160385131836,
-0.7332786321640015,
0.6331170797348022,
0.4220786392688751,
-0.1820029467344284,
0.5736082792282104,
0.4507138431072235,
-0.15683963894844055,
-0.14871211349964142,
-0.07772170007228851,
0.6681355834007263,
-0.2883763909339905,
-0.017982089892029762,
0.03651103749871254,
-0.2715219259262085,
-0.2927921712398529,
0.25694161653518677,
0.276222825050354,
-0.9234454035758972,
0.5188310146331787,
0.5513274073600769,
0.641401469707489,
-0.19315208494663239,
0.5866426229476929,
-0.878139317035675,
-0.30097496509552,
0.1586049646139145,
-0.29905983805656433,
0.15299642086029053,
-0.604526937007904,
0.44666555523872375,
-0.39697137475013733,
0.059911586344242096,
-0.09862658381462097,
0.2065260261297226,
-0.20781439542770386,
0.39206892251968384,
0.34288761019706726,
0.3012804687023163,
0.1646127700805664,
0.5341353416442871,
0.16984769701957703,
0.22965237498283386,
0.18848802149295807,
0.21397531032562256,
-0.05268169939517975,
0.2547417879104614,
0.06736691296100616,
-0.12553130090236664,
0.13643696904182434,
-0.05241280794143677,
-0.4680206775665283,
-0.23181293904781342,
0.8527701497077942,
-0.12132557481527328,
-0.06583108007907867,
0.007734712213277817,
-0.4410794675350189,
0.6998582482337952,
-0.02052328735589981,
0.07937430590391159,
-0.12185746431350708,
-0.02168702520430088,
-0.3952818214893341,
-1.6297996044158936,
0.36307913064956665,
0.9948824644088745,
0.17772257328033447,
-0.425430566072464,
-0.18887747824192047,
-0.026647331193089485,
0.287548303604126,
-0.04577707499265671,
0.17691491544246674,
-0.12918119132518768,
-0.437188982963562,
0.7673746347427368,
-0.25367504358291626,
-0.1626945436000824,
0.038406915962696075,
0.06793677806854248,
0.08904861658811569,
-0.049451131373643875,
-0.08495943993330002,
0.14576002955436707,
-0.5300729274749756,
-0.007841796614229679,
0.19424347579479218,
-0.08457476645708084,
0.9405603408813477,
0.011996022425591946,
0.0042200842872262,
-0.23570041358470917,
-5.528806209564209,
0.3483443260192871,
-0.13346771895885468,
-0.6619352698326111,
1.0422155857086182,
-0.7035618424415588,
-0.02208404242992401,
-0.30890944600105286,
-0.03840447962284088,
-0.30292460322380066,
-0.13623185455799103,
0.24362383782863617,
-0.14184686541557312,
-0.15817555785179138,
0.20268680155277252,
-0.5076581239700317,
0.5662567615509033,
-0.6641701459884644,
0.242781862616539,
0.4500826597213745,
0.03979915380477905,
0.06696998327970505,
0.030717629939317703,
0.18943823873996735,
-0.42367514967918396,
0.40577366948127747,
-0.12382999062538147,
-0.24715840816497803,
-0.7415834069252014,
-0.02212577499449253,
-0.3864479959011078,
0.22224892675876617,
-0.6815654635429382,
0.15753965079784393,
0.35636648535728455,
-0.24641495943069458,
-0.002937142737209797,
-0.5355496406555176,
0.10499811172485352,
-0.29799577593803406,
0.5239441990852356,
0.21076162159442902,
0.005874369293451309,
0.006379632279276848,
0.4430345296859741,
0.21895471215248108,
-0.3767900764942169,
-0.13730645179748535,
0.13194997608661652,
0.660696268081665,
0.6674922108650208,
-0.5861213207244873,
0.019639771431684494,
-0.36269310116767883,
0.21204806864261627,
-0.4165474474430084,
0.34434834122657776,
-0.3738679587841034,
-0.5872783064842224,
0.6225242614746094,
0.14341296255588531,
-0.33650270104408264,
0.1707748919725418,
0.3346821367740631,
-0.3661804795265198,
-0.23594945669174194,
0.3399609923362732,
0.4024049937725067,
-0.039961524307727814,
-0.058458659797906876,
0.05917815864086151,
-0.35557809472084045,
0.5849408507347107,
-1.2497196197509766,
0.0653986930847168,
-0.210635244846344,
0.1638372391462326,
0.14947600662708282,
-0.831599771976471,
-0.10038847476243973,
0.2887003719806671,
-0.5334675908088684,
0.9687203764915466,
-0.32668784260749817,
-0.24171596765518188,
-0.6885416507720947,
-0.06112184748053551,
0.60810387134552,
-0.4006665050983429,
-0.3268580138683319,
0.010333824902772903,
-0.5625258684158325,
0.3916594982147217,
-0.2156568467617035,
0.6146138906478882,
0.07095777988433838,
0.23958012461662292,
0.8892701268196106,
-0.3007262945175171,
1.2307324409484863,
0.10912825167179108,
-0.6540518403053284,
0.6562555432319641,
-0.719135046005249,
0.05041854828596115,
0.08108114451169968,
0.3087320029735565,
-0.5842666029930115,
0.7231950163841248,
-0.5092087984085083,
0.5644896030426025,
0.6576457619667053,
-0.1649564653635025,
-0.3737969994544983,
0.38352957367897034,
-0.699107825756073,
-0.3576098680496216,
-0.3463119864463806,
-0.11962476372718811,
0.364287406206131,
0.3772242069244385,
0.2715131342411041,
-0.3534682095050812,
0.20483516156673431,
-0.40580612421035767,
0.008218059316277504,
0.434313029050827,
-0.04133026674389839,
-0.23914916813373566,
0.504160463809967,
0.06898380815982819,
0.0557015985250473,
-0.23140506446361542,
-0.5696717500686646,
0.12221455574035645,
-0.3511613607406616,
0.10063231736421585,
-0.11664334684610367,
-0.8787510395050049,
-0.16649998724460602,
0.25865834951400757,
-0.2786075174808502,
-0.34793633222579956,
0.5127111077308655,
0.6355263590812683,
-0.1700422316789627,
-0.023982888087630272,
-0.255926251411438,
-0.1848796010017395,
0.4203783869743347,
0.520854115486145,
-0.3591071665287018,
0.6613991260528564,
-0.4906024932861328,
0.08449555188417435,
0.4061611592769623,
-0.3420292139053345,
-0.20789934694766998,
0.2923450469970703,
-0.1745990514755249,
-0.329220712184906,
-0.3824625611305237,
-1.197191834449768,
-0.16374947130680084,
-0.13197243213653564,
0.35925281047821045,
-0.4200344979763031,
-0.598576545715332,
-0.10956194996833801,
0.17571640014648438,
0.26422038674354553,
-0.5993539690971375,
0.52225261926651,
0.3043401837348938,
0.028172528371214867,
0.19876615703105927,
0.28333353996276855,
-0.4030427038669586,
-0.026165762916207314,
0.1267698109149933,
-0.029474487528204918,
-0.03375159204006195,
-0.5313816070556641,
-0.2795097231864929,
0.4951239228248596,
-0.12253846228122711,
-0.6872356534004211,
-0.08777420222759247,
0.17696064710617065,
0.4673936069011688,
-0.7508731484413147,
-0.10356685519218445,
-0.11579593271017075,
0.3567022979259491,
0.12240830063819885,
-0.7874358296394348,
0.40016910433769226,
0.8189457654953003,
-0.42051419615745544,
0.37679415941238403,
0.11982551217079163,
-0.2610442042350769,
-0.1422235667705536,
-0.1427125483751297,
0.6550443768501282,
-0.7428387403488159,
0.796462893486023,
-0.05780503526329994,
-0.2698090672492981,
0.5911825299263,
-0.08389899879693985,
0.019302241504192352,
0.11554984748363495,
0.2583140730857849,
0.37160035967826843,
-0.635908842086792,
0.20270828902721405,
-0.07284615933895111,
-0.4817045331001282,
-0.4771535396575928,
-0.17257142066955566,
-0.08419899642467499,
-0.041124891489744186,
0.3978857696056366,
-0.6587824821472168,
-0.3451544940471649,
-0.0162962693721056,
-0.2981241047382355,
0.4000736176967621,
-0.14417922496795654,
-0.24145640432834625,
-0.25409606099128723,
0.13615618646144867,
0.7134941816329956,
0.04629724100232124,
-0.09490169584751129,
0.176493301987648,
0.7527090907096863,
0.03573170676827431,
-0.373553067445755,
0.2994823157787323,
0.42314255237579346,
-0.17443914711475372,
-0.13372120261192322,
-0.3445708453655243,
-0.1256941556930542,
0.02443006820976734,
-0.21201257407665253,
-0.4079863131046295,
0.0887446328997612,
0.6520330309867859,
0.02173522859811783,
-0.4964626729488373,
0.25656917691230774,
0.6433723568916321,
-0.5858979225158691,
-0.36946454644203186,
-0.6831284761428833,
-0.2908742129802704,
0.5432683825492859,
0.11582411825656891,
-0.24652425944805145,
0.32662659883499146,
0.05089325085282326,
-0.322478324174881,
0.23969514667987823,
0.27574068307876587,
-0.3077854812145233,
-0.21993522346019745,
-0.8096842169761658,
-0.14906267821788788,
0.2516803443431854,
-0.2953195869922638,
0.08312118053436279,
-0.47901010513305664,
0.1868322342634201,
-0.01651233620941639,
-0.4529269337654114,
0.2796451449394226,
0.060687314718961716,
-0.5885190963745117,
-0.1681671291589737,
-0.17559322714805603,
-0.20292729139328003,
0.05959920212626457,
-0.005011431872844696,
0.3080149292945862,
-0.52347332239151,
-0.15849599242210388,
0.05275927484035492,
0.062226202338933945,
0.4176334738731384,
-0.1545034497976303,
0.07811382412910461,
-0.13299626111984253,
0.1674872785806656,
0.4379214644432068,
0.5195645689964294,
0.15910866856575012,
0.4654186964035034,
0.18630115687847137,
0.08762757480144501,
0.5776404738426208,
-0.11126837879419327,
0.012887886725366116,
-0.6309185028076172,
0.079258494079113,
-0.6134016513824463,
0.03837384283542633,
0.3194059431552887,
0.31728246808052063,
0.7008195519447327,
0.41145679354667664,
0.3777495324611664,
-0.2908250689506531,
-0.0578303225338459,
0.6990236043930054,
0.08277780562639236,
-0.11056529730558395,
0.23321983218193054,
-0.5594160556793213,
0.35963431000709534,
0.8152400255203247,
0.433443546295166,
0.5621536374092102,
0.7327070832252502,
-0.061115093529224396,
0.27807170152664185,
0.4132864773273468,
0.6583476662635803,
0.07969357073307037,
-0.09898051619529724,
0.44700345396995544,
0.216720849275589,
0.1222253367304802,
-0.786504864692688,
-0.1851985603570938,
-0.3680955767631531,
0.12524385750293732,
0.4879772663116455,
-0.23011432588100433,
0.03094862587749958,
0.09824885427951813,
0.0004659316036850214,
0.022467192262411118,
0.1324116438627243,
-0.01713285595178604,
-0.06713872402906418,
-0.33439451456069946,
-0.22222863137722015,
-0.12192024290561676,
-0.21473051607608795,
0.04362920671701431,
-0.8156846165657043,
0.8622743487358093,
-0.0035859178751707077,
0.5780980587005615,
-0.5183705687522888,
-0.9165135025978088,
-0.03853549435734749,
-0.13738740980625153,
-0.575637698173523,
0.61089688539505,
0.2659682631492615,
-0.841580331325531,
-0.7404642105102539,
-0.10076960921287537,
-0.5598704218864441,
0.08423414826393127,
0.0873999148607254,
0.20139475166797638,
0.8058744668960571,
-0.27664875984191895,
0.26521041989326477,
0.3026837408542633,
0.6286328434944153,
0.17170202732086182,
0.15251219272613525,
-0.09133494645357132,
-0.4249061942100525,
-0.4751419425010681,
-0.6256018280982971,
0.2698407769203186,
0.18223367631435394,
0.14949266612529755,
-0.26434576511383057,
0.31594571471214294,
-0.4493817090988159,
-0.2796827256679535,
-0.37934643030166626,
0.8596532940864563,
-0.7816398739814758,
-0.4651148021221161,
0.2775811553001404,
-0.6792047023773193,
0.20816145837306976,
0.1616097390651703,
0.6883195638656616,
0.5475826263427734,
1.0436069965362549,
0.22132141888141632,
0.6425172686576843,
0.4338736832141876,
0.19226868450641632,
-0.4842988848686218,
-0.17071686685085297,
-0.02803107723593712,
0.03520522266626358,
-0.5632160305976868,
0.25667014718055725,
0.10657425969839096,
-0.15364788472652435,
-0.28880205750465393,
-0.04074021801352501,
0.12359962612390518,
-0.04305579140782356,
0.7753397226333618,
0.8563119769096375,
0.6199851632118225,
-0.2161409854888916,
0.09957420825958252,
0.7343653440475464,
0.5496940016746521,
0.2189192920923233,
-0.08758315443992615,
0.8742318153381348,
-0.5577356219291687,
-0.10301442444324493,
-0.6388013362884521,
0.5189312696456909,
-0.241674542427063,
-0.42871853709220886,
-0.42595022916793823,
-0.03633527457714081,
-0.2532631456851959,
-0.4622487723827362,
0.3261187672615051,
0.05291753262281418,
0.5921186208724976,
-0.04590106010437012,
0.8088274598121643,
0.1922479122877121,
-0.55312579870224,
-0.09838451445102692,
-0.4740505516529083,
0.8465797901153564,
-0.11169030517339706,
-0.15721993148326874,
-0.47848421335220337,
0.30628830194473267,
-0.19442714750766754,
-0.7932630777359009,
0.24068158864974976,
-0.7882646918296814,
0.049816228449344635,
-0.7976665496826172,
0.0372234471142292,
0.2482362985610962,
0.09299122542142868,
-0.47069451212882996
]
|
123529 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheridan%2C%20Montana | Sheridan, Montana | Sheridan is a town in Madison County, Montana, United States named after the Civil War general Philip Sheridan. The population was 694 at the 2020 census. Sheridan is known as the "heart of the Ruby Valley." Seven majestic mountain ranges surround this beautiful community: (Tobacco Root Range, Highlands Mountains, McCartney Mountain, The Pioneers, The Ruby Range, The Gravellies and the Snowcrest Range). The geology of the area includes some of the oldest rocks dating back over 2,000 years. The Ruby River winds through the valley just west of the town.
In an effort to promote the town - the community has formed a Main Street Improvement Team, provides for free Wi-Fi in town and has their own Web site where artists, businesses, and general information about the area can be found at their home page
Sheridan traces its beginnings to the construction of a sawmill on Mill Creek by James Gammell in 1863.
Geography
Sheridan is located at (45.456173, -112.195793). Montana Highway 287 passes through town.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Sheridan has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 642 people, 306 households, and 174 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 376 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 95.3% White, 0.3% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.5% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 3.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the population.
There were 306 households, of which 23.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.1% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.1% were non-families. 40.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.99 and the average family size was 2.66.
The median age in the town was 53.1 years. 19.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 2.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.3% were from 25 to 44; 32% were from 45 to 64; and 29% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 45.3% male and 54.7% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 659 people, 302 households, and 170 families residing in the town. The population density was 643.4 people per square mile (249.5/km2). There were 365 housing units at an average density of 356.3 per square mile (138.2/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 95.14% White, 0.15% African American, 1.06% Native American, 1.67% from other races, and 1.97% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.67% of the population.
There were 302 households, out of which 22.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 5.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.7% were non-families. 39.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 24.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.78.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 20.5% under the age of 18, 3.8% from 18 to 24, 20.5% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 28.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.0 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $21,118, and the median income for a family was $26,563. Males had a median income of $27,639 versus $15,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,369. About 22.0% of families and 25.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 43.2% of those under age 18 and 13.1% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Sheridan Public Schools educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. Sheridan High School's team name is the Panthers.
Sheridan Public Library serves the area.
References
Towns in Madison County, Montana | [
0.24872878193855286,
0.8361437320709229,
-0.5186488032341003,
0.030401919037103653,
0.9451894760131836,
0.7179434895515442,
0.9742463231086731,
0.4932224154472351,
0.023068934679031372,
-0.1786165088415146,
-0.18790188431739807,
-0.46071505546569824,
-0.7952901124954224,
0.6684125065803528,
-0.8788226842880249,
0.4174010455608368,
0.6360535025596619,
0.706432044506073,
0.7381681799888611,
-0.21048572659492493,
-0.09756705164909363,
-0.35221514105796814,
0.3719700574874878,
0.4691261947154999,
0.15736833214759827,
0.5569514632225037,
0.3050607442855835,
-0.0068747797049582005,
0.044204071164131165,
0.09528017044067383,
-0.5139296054840088,
-0.03450397029519081,
-0.025957351550459862,
-0.309383749961853,
-0.1556748002767563,
-0.12933464348316193,
-0.3004656732082367,
0.24278835952281952,
-0.12899130582809448,
-0.07654871791601181,
-0.18607719242572784,
-0.17601493000984192,
-0.03129846975207329,
-0.19221705198287964,
-0.2873484790325165,
0.16763430833816528,
-1.5452853441238403,
0.7069045901298523,
-0.8338229656219482,
-0.7160351276397705,
-0.3896695077419281,
-0.34218233823776245,
-0.025257522240281105,
0.04476260393857956,
0.4238978326320648,
0.28977441787719727,
-0.6029245257377625,
0.31090620160102844,
0.2624889314174652,
-0.10586372762918472,
-0.3164840638637543,
0.5121643543243408,
0.5988038778305054,
0.21303987503051758,
-0.45313939452171326,
-0.20951905846595764,
0.38305020332336426,
0.43898576498031616,
0.44936925172805786,
-0.7359620928764343,
0.3101470172405243,
0.35754871368408203,
-0.24319764971733093,
0.5813636779785156,
0.31945839524269104,
0.023046860471367836,
-0.48747414350509644,
0.2509573698043823,
-0.019519101828336716,
0.551885187625885,
-0.08526792377233505,
0.3003874719142914,
0.24198532104492188,
-0.02481870725750923,
0.30809953808784485,
0.35435906052589417,
-0.9210525155067444,
-0.25247976183891296,
0.023786501958966255,
0.28732508420944214,
-1.0505326986312866,
-0.3022109568119049,
-0.19832314550876617,
-0.397968053817749,
-0.38925933837890625,
-0.1853795349597931,
-0.10351910442113876,
0.5125950574874878,
-0.29022279381752014,
0.14800378680229187,
-0.19185960292816162,
-0.2861824333667755,
1.1066458225250244,
-0.2190796434879303,
-0.43067365884780884,
-0.6342393159866333,
-0.40934205055236816,
0.16267912089824677,
-0.05338451638817787,
-0.33209946751594543,
-0.27890679240226746,
0.09808620810508728,
0.313082218170166,
-0.18267826735973358,
0.12029533833265305,
0.136022686958313,
0.09006062895059586,
-0.7133987545967102,
-0.662577211856842,
-0.6765968799591064,
0.16529244184494019,
0.7431977391242981,
-0.4195605516433716,
0.5229637622833252,
-0.0261129979044199,
0.2621729075908661,
0.5311944484710693,
0.11410043388605118,
-0.23180948197841644,
0.7388806343078613,
-0.5593574643135071,
0.840944230556488,
-0.4456190764904022,
0.13073015213012695,
-0.25697416067123413,
-0.7064195871353149,
-0.540675938129425,
-0.19826996326446533,
-0.016241900622844696,
0.08641945570707321,
-0.7176182270050049,
0.17746897041797638,
0.5393099784851074,
0.41793662309646606,
0.39953112602233887,
0.22504831850528717,
0.17982491850852966,
-0.3407258689403534,
-0.06729374825954437,
-0.25479504466056824,
-0.00989513285458088,
-0.2318149358034134,
0.27716317772865295,
1.034112572669983,
0.2747480571269989,
0.7097059488296509,
0.8285538554191589,
0.4275936186313629,
0.47070661187171936,
0.5014241933822632,
-0.1563054472208023,
1.118781328201294,
1.0040730237960815,
0.1649620234966278,
0.49650827050209045,
0.07030294090509415,
0.6609379649162292,
-0.1886560320854187,
0.08211266249418259,
0.07564560323953629,
0.20046712458133698,
0.24892866611480713,
0.45926371216773987,
0.10619010776281357,
0.16843777894973755,
-0.8910330533981323,
0.5238541960716248,
0.2578238248825073,
-0.597956657409668,
-0.4188998341560364,
-0.7506392598152161,
0.6778296232223511,
0.07451842725276947,
0.06920884549617767,
-0.2952175736427307,
0.10486351698637009,
0.335380882024765,
-0.407819002866745,
-0.3245388865470886,
-1.1075552701950073,
-0.47460269927978516,
-0.6204061508178711,
0.4420509338378906,
-0.4753638207912445,
0.5875855684280396,
-0.21162819862365723,
0.20966100692749023,
0.5094767808914185,
-0.11456819623708725,
0.10471925139427185,
0.2701638638973236,
-0.1988496482372284,
0.8585725426673889,
-0.7965521216392517,
0.07232744246721268,
0.19169732928276062,
0.6078547835350037,
-0.0428733192384243,
0.7298234105110168,
0.6354721188545227,
0.8766050934791565,
-0.39107435941696167,
0.08838547766208649,
0.6813178062438965,
-1.0333307981491089,
0.06271969527006149,
0.13867010176181793,
-0.23540712893009186,
0.6975535154342651,
-0.19080983102321625,
0.6664997935295105,
-0.2549792528152466,
0.35272544622421265,
-0.146558940410614,
0.22171850502490997,
0.41079089045524597,
0.827430009841919,
-0.03244026005268097,
-0.3468364477157593,
0.34986481070518494,
-0.026948165148496628,
-0.0027225404046475887,
0.09754910320043564,
-0.24545514583587646,
0.3528313636779785,
-0.628423273563385,
-0.18926669657230377,
-0.24496343731880188,
0.13827002048492432,
-0.7876229882240295,
-0.1613968312740326,
-0.08939558267593384,
-0.35864078998565674,
0.03680187091231346,
0.5310595035552979,
0.3607124388217926,
0.1197907030582428,
-0.03300173208117485,
0.20548279583454132,
-0.5912491083145142,
-0.1560116559267044,
-0.2408154457807541,
0.31858357787132263,
-0.2897062301635742,
0.033946383744478226,
-0.28507381677627563,
-0.39568817615509033,
-0.269064337015152,
0.24720680713653564,
0.13170239329338074,
-0.1211404949426651,
0.21079200506210327,
-0.5599010586738586,
-0.07230012863874435,
0.611687421798706,
-0.7183796763420105,
-0.5263381600379944,
-0.519477903842926,
0.1238207295536995,
0.8828064799308777,
0.7800276279449463,
0.01701977849006653,
-0.41633012890815735,
0.46114087104797363,
0.645319938659668,
0.3005813658237457,
-0.6290348768234253,
0.10047737509012222,
-0.8461791276931763,
-0.39926877617836,
0.1793486624956131,
0.6883796453475952,
-0.4440756142139435,
-0.45008397102355957,
-0.5280632376670837,
-0.5883870124816895,
0.5346264839172363,
-0.2051732987165451,
-0.3383176922798157,
0.28168508410453796,
-0.030987754464149475,
-0.15827445685863495,
-0.6044994592666626,
0.15620127320289612,
-0.05850040167570114,
0.17601501941680908,
0.543690025806427,
0.10961520671844482,
0.2649865448474884,
-0.5536434054374695,
-0.3396369516849518,
0.3960873484611511,
-0.42571285367012024,
0.2904241979122162,
0.7849038243293762,
-0.17287036776542664,
0.548540472984314,
-0.47226911783218384,
-5.069400787353516,
0.48656612634658813,
-0.03688395768404007,
-0.5289860367774963,
0.34842154383659363,
-0.25861039757728577,
-0.17284531891345978,
-0.18975263833999634,
0.10787912458181381,
0.2324555665254593,
-0.22200484573841095,
-0.036009639501571655,
-0.01140324492007494,
0.5047214031219482,
0.7642865777015686,
-0.38162073493003845,
0.4671184718608856,
0.3613746166229248,
0.714729368686676,
0.6055592894554138,
-0.4178514778614044,
-0.29628774523735046,
0.14100748300552368,
0.22339671850204468,
0.6625523567199707,
0.48444801568984985,
-0.42506787180900574,
-0.20628313720226288,
-0.2151796817779541,
-0.28828147053718567,
-0.019848056137561798,
0.11106151342391968,
-0.24900992214679718,
-0.5211337208747864,
-0.19931060075759888,
-0.22486814856529236,
0.08827414363622665,
-0.30274102091789246,
0.3904438614845276,
-0.0027409279718995094,
0.6762909889221191,
-0.1400289535522461,
-0.31182199716567993,
-0.21188952028751373,
0.9296464920043945,
0.08308908343315125,
-0.19436879456043243,
-0.04261983186006546,
-0.3931901156902313,
0.8739413022994995,
0.3731849193572998,
0.41172873973846436,
0.8401303291320801,
-0.45936620235443115,
0.8207716941833496,
-0.04251611605286598,
-0.11421918123960495,
-0.037947043776512146,
-0.5062983632087708,
0.8013889193534851,
-0.37945228815078735,
-0.5552560091018677,
0.09806779026985168,
0.30749282240867615,
-0.012678037397563457,
-0.3656236529350281,
0.014438263140618801,
0.047622378915548325,
-0.17544406652450562,
-0.22983478009700775,
0.05473961681127548,
0.6597225069999695,
-0.4348418414592743,
-0.7445852160453796,
0.3604290187358856,
-0.7155501246452332,
-0.48782259225845337,
0.27952682971954346,
-1.0831595659255981,
-0.005313212051987648,
-0.23036348819732666,
0.13331939280033112,
0.3937962055206299,
0.6236668825149536,
0.6981188654899597,
-0.06327411532402039,
-0.42594626545906067,
0.2000829428434372,
-0.06548438221216202,
-0.926148533821106,
0.39162662625312805,
0.09270407259464264,
0.45247718691825867,
-0.19593684375286102,
0.27220073342323303,
0.178164541721344,
-0.0116610461845994,
0.3780432641506195,
-0.16262482106685638,
0.0027556123677641153,
-0.10163005441427231,
-0.36048898100852966,
-0.0749383196234703,
-0.7605305910110474,
-0.46754491329193115,
-0.7764942049980164,
-0.20475086569786072,
0.38312825560569763,
0.5390809178352356,
-0.265089750289917,
-0.2913658022880554,
-0.08617895096540451,
-0.5330477952957153,
-0.26175931096076965,
0.13568361103534698,
0.09143545478582382,
0.3813961446285248,
-0.20198383927345276,
0.8462710976600647,
0.24151279032230377,
-0.27783969044685364,
-0.1117190271615982,
-0.2912141680717468,
0.008760318160057068,
0.6936200857162476,
-0.692249059677124,
0.1316109150648117,
-0.4618203639984131,
0.29344305396080017,
0.06596457958221436,
0.06739132106304169,
0.2925192713737488,
-0.31786152720451355,
0.10583183169364929,
-0.584044873714447,
0.4301927387714386,
-0.6396267414093018,
-0.951287567615509,
0.5881762504577637,
0.0989418476819992,
0.10137137025594711,
0.15794092416763306,
-0.7512103915214539,
0.502782940864563,
-0.18521127104759216,
0.1235593780875206,
0.08375309407711029,
-0.46087875962257385,
-0.8770000338554382,
0.20532789826393127,
-0.8840862512588501,
-0.5358561873435974,
0.3809753358364105,
-0.5635914206504822,
0.1903308928012848,
-0.12589988112449646,
-0.09217488765716553,
0.40712544322013855,
-0.2440359890460968,
0.21542082726955414,
0.10608064383268356,
-0.4314076006412506,
-0.02703654021024704,
0.6718354821205139,
-0.1656835973262787,
-0.503550112247467,
-0.32314977049827576,
-0.22799590229988098,
-0.8668129444122314,
0.13289529085159302,
0.635718822479248,
-0.34137752652168274,
-0.023988747969269753,
0.11556597799062729,
0.4999879002571106,
-0.3694966733455658,
-0.4261239171028137,
0.07927381992340088,
-0.02052738144993782,
-0.10249055922031403,
-0.2123928666114807,
-0.28845956921577454,
-0.6102313995361328,
-0.22565898299217224,
0.6329793334007263,
-0.37786492705345154,
-0.4121350646018982,
-0.5353987812995911,
0.01561485044658184,
0.3180081248283386,
-0.48981037735939026,
-0.505377471446991,
0.26782557368278503,
0.14069049060344696,
0.33301424980163574,
-0.681545615196228,
0.19168151915073395,
-0.10022584348917007,
0.043182097375392914,
-0.41577571630477905,
0.08367858082056046,
0.28946197032928467,
-0.2953612804412842,
-0.022472212091088295,
-0.09602818638086319,
-0.7559274435043335,
0.5580047965049744,
0.5617462396621704,
-0.47978752851486206,
0.48770442605018616,
0.029445862397551537,
-0.48638635873794556,
0.09779562056064606,
0.6108540892601013,
-0.35184720158576965,
0.3819987177848816,
0.563227117061615,
0.4906691014766693,
-0.6932864189147949,
-0.5854592323303223,
-0.5411643385887146,
-0.2310948520898819,
0.06256171315908432,
-0.5083653926849365,
-0.1685512661933899,
0.43949031829833984,
0.226453959941864,
-0.26963943243026733,
0.6910348534584045,
-0.7163355946540833,
-0.4113146960735321,
-0.053036779165267944,
0.1836766004562378,
0.18768052756786346,
0.8443138599395752,
0.4180966317653656,
-0.1596095710992813,
-0.012620330788195133,
-0.17794059216976166,
-0.029621204361319542,
0.1870499700307846,
1.432037591934204,
0.4282119870185852,
-0.46214818954467773,
-1.061335563659668,
-0.21326683461666107,
0.6521524786949158,
-0.17428594827651978,
-1.0208097696304321,
0.7754845023155212,
0.5389774441719055,
-0.6833692193031311,
-0.6537730693817139,
-0.06437826156616211,
0.9580103158950806,
-0.5433872938156128,
-0.30526202917099,
0.5534836053848267,
-0.15118201076984406,
0.3571421504020691,
0.16760306060314178,
-0.3955017924308777,
0.22500094771385193,
0.3221237063407898,
0.36386537551879883,
0.20606914162635803,
-0.2541138231754303,
-0.7316036820411682,
-0.014014371670782566,
-1.1510720252990723,
0.1185457780957222,
-0.11161152273416519,
0.3562085032463074,
0.3014466166496277,
-0.44296029210090637,
0.2510261833667755,
0.25052422285079956,
-0.2692025303840637,
-0.6324048042297363,
-0.399954229593277,
-0.11118408292531967,
0.16868990659713745,
0.05551076680421829,
-0.14962197840213776,
0.18319010734558105,
-1.0412436723709106,
0.2284361720085144,
-0.07940398156642914,
-0.766728937625885,
0.4053313434123993,
-0.22507290542125702,
-0.002814103150740266,
0.18771935999393463,
-0.9281420111656189,
-0.0867711678147316,
0.5102199912071228,
-0.16821996867656708,
0.44783809781074524,
-0.2163577824831009,
0.6948991417884827,
-0.49020281434059143,
0.8545564413070679,
-0.26761960983276367,
-0.8610820770263672,
-0.372529536485672,
0.22927244007587433,
-0.4517747163772583,
-0.5352705717086792,
0.3273102641105652,
0.19974830746650696,
0.254207581281662,
0.04389374330639839,
0.32464951276779175,
0.41437917947769165,
-0.8805587291717529,
0.6349795460700989,
0.4077588617801666,
-0.7726569175720215,
-0.8681087493896484,
0.23257708549499512,
-0.45694494247436523,
-0.10495326668024063,
0.38024118542671204,
0.3670198917388916,
0.3448358476161957,
1.0056804418563843,
-0.467781662940979,
0.5098639130592346,
-0.13511879742145538,
0.3373014032840729,
-0.22238042950630188,
-0.6452292203903198,
-0.5555487871170044,
0.01254824735224247,
-0.5212076306343079,
0.023853955790400505,
-0.1510651707649231,
-0.7600246667861938,
-0.7049705982208252,
0.29014092683792114,
-0.3820323050022125,
-0.12536227703094482,
-0.23113183677196503,
0.29379093647003174,
0.26144662499427795,
-0.09729320555925369,
0.05451317876577377,
-0.08732244372367859,
0.21084193885326385,
0.2027871459722519,
-0.3598136901855469,
-0.539944589138031,
-0.528796911239624,
-0.523504376411438,
-0.6286625266075134,
-0.21335415542125702,
0.13423854112625122,
-0.3960862457752228,
-0.1090501993894577,
-0.09698931127786636,
0.16710126399993896,
-0.7763441801071167,
0.496993750333786,
0.20281854271888733,
-0.013615438714623451,
-0.34202462434768677,
0.1599595546722412,
-0.6451308727264404,
-0.2358049750328064,
0.6818414330482483,
0.4517519772052765,
0.457048237323761,
0.18826225399971008,
0.7526423931121826,
0.21163035929203033,
0.652253270149231,
0.6016563177108765,
0.35558751225471497,
-0.07026885449886322,
-0.11637558043003082,
-0.21550936996936798,
0.23442207276821136,
0.07963261008262634,
-0.11248340457677841,
0.12853024899959564,
-0.8574314713478088,
0.10946836322546005,
0.03120887093245983,
-0.23486174643039703,
-0.6953324675559998,
0.5638764500617981,
-0.10724075883626938,
-0.1125948578119278,
-0.26330965757369995,
0.2986304461956024,
0.26170259714126587,
0.43516165018081665,
0.24057431519031525,
0.8324424624443054,
0.3911570608615875,
0.4110468626022339,
-0.021661903709173203,
0.7059274911880493,
-0.266064316034317,
0.6105468273162842,
0.6133596897125244,
-0.22639349102973938,
-0.002915850607678294,
-0.4506446123123169,
0.4569990634918213,
-0.15842069685459137,
0.3869871199131012,
-0.3676716089248657,
0.5610792636871338,
-0.14464257657527924,
-0.10795459151268005,
0.658164918422699,
-0.24636222422122955,
-0.19375526905059814,
-0.43297597765922546,
0.361664742231369,
-0.9799308180809021,
0.47608038783073425,
0.3641129732131958,
-0.47190147638320923,
-0.4718775153160095,
-0.4925570785999298,
-0.3055054843425751,
-0.8683891296386719,
0.25207212567329407,
0.6160934567451477,
-1.2010148763656616,
-0.2593478262424469,
0.1337648332118988,
-0.3901608884334564,
-0.6107066869735718,
-0.19610466063022614,
1.1906554698944092,
-0.026729349046945572,
-0.6834887862205505,
0.11154185235500336,
0.2069844901561737,
-0.3861006796360016,
0.2846696078777313,
0.9168866872787476,
1.0763639211654663,
-0.8776927590370178,
-1.018023133277893,
-0.9348823428153992,
0.6210575699806213,
0.26412785053253174,
0.2364843785762787,
0.33448535203933716,
-0.21977925300598145,
0.23366789519786835,
0.2852686941623688,
0.5692970752716064,
-0.42444565892219543,
0.6575593948364258,
0.05274035781621933
]
|
123530 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin%20Bridges%2C%20Montana | Twin Bridges, Montana | Twin Bridges is a town in Madison County, Montana, United States. It lies at the confluence of the Ruby, Beaverhead and Big Hole Rivers which form the Jefferson River. Twin Bridges is a well-known fly fishing mecca for trout anglers. The population was 330 at the 2020 census.
History
Four Indian trails came together at a bend of the Beaverhead River north of the present school building in Twin Bridges. These trails were used by early settlers and freight companies, and helped to establish where the community of Twin Bridges would develop. Judge M.H. Lott came to Montana in 1862, and with his brother John T. Lott, settled in the Ruby Valley in 1864. In 1865 they built a bridge across the Beaverhead River, and later built another bridge across the Beaverhead at the Point of Rocks. The Lott brothers continued development of roads and promoted settlement of the town, which was incorporated in 1902, with M.H. Lott as the first mayor.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Twin Bridges has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 375 people, 172 households, and 94 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 206 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 96.0% White, 0.5% African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.8% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.9% of the population.
There were 172 households, of which 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.4% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.3% were non-families. 37.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.91.
The median age in the town was 44.6 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.6% were from 25 to 44; 30.7% were from 45 to 64; and 18.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 54.7% male and 45.3% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 400 people, 175 households, and 105 families living in the town. The population density was 419.5 people per square mile (162.6/km2). There were 216 housing units at an average density of 226.5 per square mile (87.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.75% White, 0.25% Asian, and 2.00% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.50% of the population.
There were 175 households, out of which 25.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 34.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.95.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 24.8% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $25,833, and the median income for a family was $34,688. Males had a median income of $25,417 versus $16,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,171. About 6.2% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.4% of those under age 18 and 10.6% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
Twin Bridges serves as a tourist destination for both fly fishers and cyclists. The town sits on two long-distance cycling trails - the TransAmerica Trail, and the Lewis & Clark Bicycle Trail. In 2009, a "bike camp" was built in the town, and local stores started stocking basic cycling supplies.
Infrastructure
Twin Bridges Airport is a public use airport located two miles (4 km) southeast of town.
Montana Highway 287 and Montana Highway 41 intersect in town.
Education
Twin Bridges Public Schools educate students from kindergarten through 12th grade. The Twin Bridges Public Library serves the area.
Notable people
Angela McLean, lieutenant governor of Montana
Benny Reynolds, rodeo champion
Donald Rumsfeld, American political figure and businessman
Spokane, winner of the 1889 Kentucky Derby
Kenneth Walsh, member of the Montana House of Representatives
See also
The Round Barn at Twin Bridges, once described as a "swank hotel for horses," is on the National Register of Historic Places.
Gallery
Notes
External links
Greater Ruby Valley Chamber of Commerce
Towns in Madison County, Montana
1902 establishments in Montana | [
0.5117515325546265,
0.9624232053756714,
0.1018185093998909,
0.07102090120315552,
0.2752837836742401,
0.2800229787826538,
1.0073232650756836,
0.7774137258529663,
0.1105165109038353,
-0.6509893536567688,
0.3758329749107361,
-0.08350028842687607,
-0.523261308670044,
1.044209361076355,
-0.8555134534835815,
0.24095292389392853,
0.23925179243087769,
0.6347635388374329,
0.9098554253578186,
-0.3034876883029938,
0.005631445441395044,
-0.28706178069114685,
0.27795493602752686,
0.2845471203327179,
-0.5148369073867798,
0.9594269394874573,
0.3269790709018707,
0.39814746379852295,
-0.11711923032999039,
0.28356000781059265,
0.28195899724960327,
0.8157371282577515,
-0.3594585955142975,
-0.16788001358509064,
0.04992939531803131,
-0.14378991723060608,
0.47039124369621277,
-0.12465345859527588,
0.45205485820770264,
-0.20110058784484863,
0.08701043576002121,
-0.13293121755123138,
-0.11582741886377335,
-0.06250406056642532,
0.20200663805007935,
-0.29112866520881653,
-1.648013710975647,
0.3984038531780243,
-0.664871096611023,
-0.8071902990341187,
-1.1716418266296387,
-0.30345219373703003,
0.3664363622665405,
0.5112149715423584,
0.6243062019348145,
0.45701155066490173,
-0.36077216267585754,
0.4492280185222626,
0.4854719042778015,
0.22670112550258636,
-0.054276272654533386,
0.22434906661510468,
0.4043365716934204,
0.14478999376296997,
-0.3738313913345337,
-0.47293394804000854,
0.06568355858325958,
0.5483965873718262,
0.2674385905265808,
-0.5191564559936523,
0.17575030028820038,
0.22740530967712402,
-0.25118762254714966,
0.5231073498725891,
0.3929699957370758,
0.6244945526123047,
-0.7889448404312134,
0.05359082669019699,
0.24823646247386932,
-0.11431857198476791,
0.22165389358997345,
0.7099971175193787,
0.20175808668136597,
0.020740412175655365,
0.006684605963528156,
0.1708640307188034,
-0.9050483703613281,
-0.06364517658948898,
-0.2162565141916275,
0.4759262204170227,
-1.0476250648498535,
-0.34871044754981995,
-0.08850350230932236,
-0.33211302757263184,
0.11610248684883118,
-0.2557067275047302,
-0.1700332760810852,
0.6634640097618103,
0.05407848581671715,
0.3137063980102539,
0.21394775807857513,
-0.45449498295783997,
1.007027268409729,
-0.3088761866092682,
-0.7435330748558044,
-1.0545473098754883,
-1.0085281133651733,
-0.07187268137931824,
0.19290173053741455,
-0.23932667076587677,
-0.41824135184288025,
0.3243086338043213,
-0.029557934030890465,
-0.22887234389781952,
-0.23765155673027039,
0.6619132161140442,
0.3609151840209961,
-0.4608885943889618,
-0.5816507339477539,
-0.5178197622299194,
-0.2195894420146942,
0.4309662878513336,
-0.28413882851600647,
-0.009915321134030819,
-0.060659751296043396,
0.48879462480545044,
0.4345185458660126,
0.09113126248121262,
0.08152160048484802,
0.3670380711555481,
-0.5016629099845886,
0.7705556750297546,
-0.14793436229228973,
-0.19336211681365967,
-0.07706849277019501,
-0.6580953001976013,
-0.2387801706790924,
-0.11540854722261429,
0.2650894820690155,
-0.14160294830799103,
-0.39121925830841064,
-0.20305611193180084,
-0.10836002975702286,
0.007026604376733303,
0.7268242835998535,
0.4040803015232086,
-0.23406867682933807,
-0.6916874647140503,
-0.17406371235847473,
0.05060026794672012,
-0.06333572417497635,
0.29440245032310486,
0.5804758071899414,
1.0788203477859497,
0.1364234983921051,
0.688163161277771,
0.9312097430229187,
0.07808934152126312,
0.33500564098358154,
0.6110079288482666,
0.17185522615909576,
0.8690174221992493,
0.864047646522522,
0.3136328160762787,
0.6649120450019836,
-0.29453760385513306,
0.4938727617263794,
-0.393386572599411,
0.08611378073692322,
0.3058077096939087,
0.04589937999844551,
0.3211946487426758,
0.40088629722595215,
-0.5141869783401489,
0.7006571292877197,
-0.735907793045044,
0.8863081932067871,
0.3989596366882324,
-0.10586423426866531,
-0.007274818606674671,
-0.8367444276809692,
0.3040723502635956,
0.17943671345710754,
0.17126208543777466,
-0.34498193860054016,
0.25806576013565063,
0.5045884847640991,
-0.1995062232017517,
-0.46048539876937866,
-0.9749686121940613,
-0.5677610039710999,
-0.628271222114563,
1.084221363067627,
-0.1300053894519806,
0.4656394422054291,
0.11173026263713837,
-0.07500043511390686,
0.4943866431713104,
-0.36023712158203125,
-0.00022718073159921914,
0.04337349161505699,
-0.11616271734237671,
0.7207970023155212,
-0.7195422649383545,
-0.48371055722236633,
0.15637898445129395,
0.22613829374313354,
-0.4321907162666321,
0.03640344366431236,
0.6120067834854126,
0.5335679650306702,
-0.6944416761398315,
-0.44716885685920715,
0.8373401165008545,
-0.7012032270431519,
-0.23133526742458344,
-0.04462931305170059,
-0.1652773767709732,
0.47093093395233154,
-0.2640300393104553,
0.6921277642250061,
0.21863514184951782,
0.0015279403887689114,
-0.6639125943183899,
-0.18630218505859375,
0.5776441097259521,
0.6029337644577026,
0.25271591544151306,
-0.32727062702178955,
-0.01413276419043541,
-0.02862066589295864,
0.23727670311927795,
0.6243736743927002,
-0.2312667965888977,
0.2237585037946701,
-0.30436956882476807,
-0.20834189653396606,
-0.4613114297389984,
0.605012834072113,
-0.8929168581962585,
-0.3134169578552246,
0.15183225274085999,
-0.4756157398223877,
0.019107988104224205,
0.38672637939453125,
0.4921471178531647,
0.21204505860805511,
-0.31518521904945374,
-0.0863625705242157,
-0.7182915210723877,
0.35180535912513733,
-0.0802406296133995,
0.4541179835796356,
-0.3040311336517334,
0.5014751553535461,
0.11447912454605103,
-0.36986756324768066,
-0.15725058317184448,
-0.019305288791656494,
-0.021089427173137665,
-0.16019408404827118,
0.45801493525505066,
-0.5665647387504578,
-0.24031342566013336,
0.27237045764923096,
-0.9008976221084595,
-0.4770621955394745,
-0.47596314549446106,
-0.1622404009103775,
0.5320644378662109,
0.3672405481338501,
-0.0837644562125206,
-0.02078798972070217,
0.025611430406570435,
0.5933364033699036,
0.10776685923337936,
-0.6731231212615967,
-0.0036318679340183735,
-0.7101098895072937,
-0.3171844482421875,
0.5047462582588196,
1.1506826877593994,
-0.12073388695716858,
-0.6387779116630554,
-0.4614940881729126,
-0.347018301486969,
0.4141443967819214,
-0.20481130480766296,
-0.6472762823104858,
-0.3605172038078308,
0.1508316993713379,
0.12051378190517426,
-0.3408035635948181,
-0.09306749701499939,
-0.4076329469680786,
0.05361376702785492,
0.04342152178287506,
-0.04022185504436493,
0.5541792511940002,
-0.7064036130905151,
-0.05344238877296448,
0.7187194228172302,
-0.39682021737098694,
-0.20105285942554474,
0.2688993215560913,
-0.08391900360584259,
0.189442440867424,
-0.668127179145813,
-4.793285846710205,
0.15870073437690735,
-0.2296987622976303,
-0.6705877184867859,
0.07982059568166733,
-0.8485895991325378,
0.33844369649887085,
-0.525425136089325,
0.12250620126724243,
-0.03070543147623539,
0.3784230351448059,
0.015682298690080643,
-0.11073210090398788,
0.12126637250185013,
0.7741633057594299,
-0.016774827614426613,
1.0842620134353638,
-0.19119305908679962,
0.6276314854621887,
0.3947203457355499,
-0.31004318594932556,
0.21145085990428925,
0.09667295962572098,
-0.19646045565605164,
0.48640450835227966,
0.43225768208503723,
-0.45333337783813477,
-0.16716578602790833,
-0.7925614714622498,
-0.064876489341259,
-0.15320049226284027,
0.36871039867401123,
-0.6102359890937805,
-0.40349501371383667,
-0.16171418130397797,
-0.17199863493442535,
0.10999195277690887,
-0.34798839688301086,
0.36884838342666626,
-0.13005875051021576,
0.30565333366394043,
0.17516158521175385,
0.041883792728185654,
-0.3053708076477051,
0.6725934743881226,
0.03920146822929382,
-0.19776418805122375,
-0.3439839780330658,
0.10914851725101471,
1.277945876121521,
0.42377153038978577,
0.033744171261787415,
0.9838343262672424,
-0.2842986583709717,
0.6040153503417969,
-0.6190870404243469,
-0.08937671035528183,
0.19165575504302979,
-0.3842880129814148,
0.606116533279419,
-0.16636687517166138,
-0.8002799153327942,
0.2910822629928589,
0.11578163504600525,
0.055081721395254135,
-0.6178162097930908,
0.02399728260934353,
0.28703662753105164,
-0.2600637376308441,
-0.07544925063848495,
0.08843900263309479,
0.7033229470252991,
-0.7057185769081116,
-0.7344003319740295,
0.4508391320705414,
-0.8306349515914917,
-0.05296427384018898,
0.18464481830596924,
-0.8517765998840332,
-0.32012346386909485,
-0.04959258809685707,
0.09553550183773041,
0.10345612466335297,
0.4680905044078827,
1.0096572637557983,
-0.42537233233451843,
-0.3334618806838989,
0.24309758841991425,
-0.06837811321020126,
-1.0477710962295532,
0.7658294439315796,
-0.027282919734716415,
0.4017401337623596,
-0.09731913357973099,
-0.18965595960617065,
0.25269678235054016,
0.36560338735580444,
0.4460787773132324,
-0.3431757688522339,
-0.3590377867221832,
0.00493553327396512,
-0.3905025124549866,
0.046781133860349655,
-0.24084113538265228,
-0.454613596200943,
-0.501326858997345,
0.3336068093776703,
0.3726838529109955,
0.6013402342796326,
-0.949621856212616,
-0.8156246542930603,
-0.1880800724029541,
-0.4483518600463867,
0.024655217304825783,
0.08794834464788437,
-0.1355700045824051,
-0.14085780084133148,
0.619555652141571,
0.08577461540699005,
0.5087437033653259,
-0.010436358861625195,
0.2024596780538559,
-0.07442121207714081,
-0.11092958599328995,
-0.29328498244285583,
-0.14785997569561005,
0.41645851731300354,
-0.09672326594591141,
0.21555432677268982,
0.2566341757774353,
-0.23693767189979553,
0.24954137206077576,
-0.2402830719947815,
0.010006910189986229,
-0.7998072504997253,
-0.16167667508125305,
-0.9083009958267212,
-0.602347731590271,
0.3622594177722931,
-0.11307951807975769,
0.39123669266700745,
0.3840193748474121,
-0.6953221559524536,
0.5189364552497864,
0.15367044508457184,
0.5601469278335571,
0.2669757902622223,
-0.18869124352931976,
-1.0516306161880493,
1.053882122039795,
-0.8430505394935608,
-0.657831072807312,
-0.10232081264257431,
-0.8071937561035156,
0.42429763078689575,
0.1606873720884323,
0.0024888222105801105,
0.7413821220397949,
0.07046066969633102,
-0.31701189279556274,
0.3723568618297577,
-0.47956255078315735,
-0.20456993579864502,
1.287453293800354,
-0.3742864727973938,
-0.23084719479084015,
0.13479630649089813,
-0.16720201075077057,
-1.2435835599899292,
-0.051315173506736755,
0.7252333164215088,
-0.11137878149747849,
-0.3194768726825714,
0.015029000118374825,
0.47554099559783936,
0.07532017678022385,
-0.12484866380691528,
0.1901099681854248,
0.05789295583963394,
-0.026635602116584778,
-0.33424320816993713,
-0.32041946053504944,
-0.6511989235877991,
-0.2311158925294876,
-0.10111261904239655,
-0.32568809390068054,
-0.3273147642612457,
-0.6434340476989746,
0.1587057262659073,
0.3384287357330322,
0.3028736710548401,
-0.4889177680015564,
0.21910706162452698,
0.03615919128060341,
0.08462424576282501,
-1.1181728839874268,
0.4334445595741272,
0.08520985394716263,
-0.4700166583061218,
-0.7985178232192993,
0.10953636467456818,
0.7339996099472046,
-0.2240421324968338,
0.20269767940044403,
-0.05160435661673546,
-0.8683874607086182,
0.5624743103981018,
0.9974331259727478,
-0.7397162318229675,
0.5539758205413818,
-0.22366569936275482,
-0.9451450109481812,
0.5046179294586182,
0.7781190872192383,
0.10859666019678116,
0.18309944868087769,
0.7073537111282349,
0.42446187138557434,
-0.5364944338798523,
-0.32663029432296753,
-0.09092268347740173,
-0.6145637035369873,
-0.20769748091697693,
-0.7232076525688171,
-0.6486045718193054,
0.460623562335968,
-0.05332671478390694,
-0.19434715807437897,
0.8878662586212158,
-1.1256831884384155,
0.5069814920425415,
0.08400506526231766,
0.01906520314514637,
0.4268849194049835,
0.7454471588134766,
0.2688866853713989,
-0.6904831528663635,
0.00021889731578994542,
0.33588066697120667,
-0.4434262812137604,
0.07499862462282181,
1.5950642824172974,
0.6000234484672546,
-0.7361213564872742,
-0.4943650960922241,
-0.3993651568889618,
0.503648042678833,
-0.17009420692920685,
-1.3779338598251343,
0.8139849305152893,
0.4993480443954468,
-0.5902634263038635,
-0.7198779582977295,
-0.020324328914284706,
0.9791162014007568,
-0.18371817469596863,
-0.4851171374320984,
0.7300779223442078,
-0.33579206466674805,
0.3203960657119751,
0.21744705736637115,
-0.09400234371423721,
-0.07885399460792542,
0.1012735366821289,
0.2164568156003952,
0.27108556032180786,
-0.06561046838760376,
-0.6418899297714233,
-0.20787638425827026,
-0.8952417969703674,
0.03680001571774483,
-0.1525084674358368,
-0.06385423243045807,
-0.4869763255119324,
-1.104272484779358,
0.11614222824573517,
0.2426849752664566,
-0.5368859171867371,
-0.27737563848495483,
0.0328022837638855,
-0.1505671590566635,
-0.062447626143693924,
0.25600114464759827,
-0.026828905567526817,
0.25410687923431396,
-0.6249430179595947,
-0.217382550239563,
0.38243409991264343,
-0.8049647808074951,
0.3747906982898712,
-0.5493071675300598,
-0.015113026835024357,
-0.1620522141456604,
-0.07959359884262085,
0.1841060072183609,
0.2532939314842224,
0.5107731223106384,
0.45240354537963867,
-0.6373243927955627,
0.28568586707115173,
-0.3806978762149811,
0.790181040763855,
-0.2595726251602173,
-0.6389409899711609,
0.41481080651283264,
-0.027417970821261406,
-0.7018816471099854,
-0.49797898530960083,
0.684898853302002,
0.5796926617622375,
0.2838757038116455,
0.07517378032207489,
0.3198135495185852,
0.9718541502952576,
-0.695166826248169,
0.46199631690979004,
0.3580268621444702,
-0.23697510361671448,
-0.7496336698532104,
0.28808245062828064,
-0.7013304233551025,
-0.027484791353344917,
0.6719611287117004,
0.47018685936927795,
-0.1814558207988739,
1.3339287042617798,
-0.12691377103328705,
0.06157567352056503,
-0.05961741507053375,
0.817359447479248,
-0.01245735865086317,
-1.100886344909668,
-0.37316226959228516,
0.25516659021377563,
-0.5542309284210205,
-0.34503665566444397,
-0.13468514382839203,
-0.08300109952688217,
-0.5387619733810425,
0.04077068716287613,
-0.3079528212547302,
-0.15289360284805298,
-0.12779448926448822,
0.3279367983341217,
0.4980260133743286,
-0.2211325317621231,
-0.06848873943090439,
0.28075066208839417,
0.5182116031646729,
-0.44144850969314575,
-0.16004358232021332,
-0.22085434198379517,
-0.5858896374702454,
-0.6416178941726685,
-0.4903111755847931,
-0.10052011907100677,
0.32557111978530884,
-0.49777671694755554,
-0.629026472568512,
0.00031173191382549703,
0.1803400069475174,
-0.7193704843521118,
0.3725411891937256,
-0.10297394543886185,
-0.13187547028064728,
-0.7852716445922852,
0.7010200023651123,
-0.4714256525039673,
-0.2460799664258957,
0.6918294429779053,
0.24822548031806946,
0.38299012184143066,
-0.22176235914230347,
0.9475103616714478,
-0.09864790737628937,
-0.11926508694887161,
0.2023499757051468,
0.2405887246131897,
0.030271966010332108,
-0.07610385864973068,
-0.15109427273273468,
0.21501220762729645,
-0.37104034423828125,
-0.3880477249622345,
-0.0703173279762268,
-0.3838033974170685,
0.12488200515508652,
0.2907950282096863,
0.061035171151161194,
-0.8339148759841919,
0.3229683041572571,
-0.04961781203746796,
-0.6436254382133484,
-0.08991149067878723,
-0.08149845898151398,
-0.2884340286254883,
0.04849045351147652,
0.4879060983657837,
0.3486582338809967,
0.5772085189819336,
0.25812312960624695,
-0.3796655833721161,
0.6451581716537476,
0.0550694614648819,
0.44105419516563416,
0.3356650173664093,
-0.20399288833141327,
0.4594046473503113,
-0.39185574650764465,
0.651759147644043,
-0.1213478296995163,
0.41098833084106445,
0.05038934573531151,
0.7629099488258362,
-0.2627952992916107,
-0.08876467496156693,
0.7982180714607239,
-0.2188885658979416,
-0.3239309787750244,
0.04813562333583832,
0.03882312402129173,
-0.7495257258415222,
0.6995338797569275,
0.12949219346046448,
-0.14806537330150604,
-0.10679231584072113,
-0.4144206643104553,
-0.003938696347177029,
-0.925041139125824,
0.4764223098754883,
-0.005516331642866135,
-0.9944213032722473,
-0.11487334966659546,
-0.22361509501934052,
-0.4563920497894287,
-1.0300029516220093,
-0.6241106390953064,
1.3264092206954956,
0.8151684999465942,
-0.34832483530044556,
0.32754528522491455,
-0.3955996632575989,
-0.20895740389823914,
0.34959280490875244,
0.7529262900352478,
0.3349580466747284,
-0.9644325971603394,
-0.6745430827140808,
-0.5497191548347473,
0.3686204254627228,
0.11890433728694916,
0.4032532572746277,
-0.23149164021015167,
-0.42067310214042664,
0.3850226402282715,
0.04416779428720474,
0.5892103314399719,
-0.4278610050678253,
0.9653206467628479,
-0.2196217030286789
]
|
123531 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia%20City%2C%20Montana | Virginia City, Montana | Virginia City is a town in and the county seat of Madison County, Montana, United States. In 1961 the town and the surrounding area were designated a National Historic Landmark District, the Virginia City Historic District. The population was 219 at the 2020 census.
History
Founding
In May 1863, a group of prospectors were headed toward the Yellowstone River and instead came upon a party of the Crow tribe and was forced to return to Bannack. On May 26, 1863, Bill Fairweather and Henry Edgar discovered gold near Alder Creek. The prospectors could not keep the site a secret and were followed on their return to the gold bearing site. A mining district was set up in order to formulate rules about individual gold claims. On June 16, 1863, under the name of "Verina" the township was formed a mile south of the gold fields. The name was intended to honor Varina Howell Davis, the first and only First Lady of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. Verina, although in Union territory, was founded by men whose loyalties were thoroughly Confederate. Upon registration of the name, a Connecticut judge, G. G. Bissell, objected to their choice and recorded it as Virginia City.
Within weeks Virginia City was a boomtown of thousands of prospectors and fortune seekers in the midst of a gold rush. The remote region of the Idaho Territory was without law enforcement or justice system with the exception of miners' courts. In late 1863, the great wealth in the region, lack of a justice system and the insecure means of travel gave rise to serious criminal activity, especially robbery and murder along the trails and roads of the region. Road agents as they became known were ultimately responsible for up to 100 deaths in the region in 1863 and 1864. This resulted in the formation of the Vigilance committee of Alder Gulch and the infamous Montana Vigilantes. Up to 15 road agents were hanged by the vigilantes in December 1863 and January 1864, including the sheriff of Bannack, Montana and alleged leader of the road agent gang, Henry Plummer.
The Montana Territory was organized out of the existing Idaho Territory by Act of Congress and signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln on May 26, 1864. Although Bannack was the first territorial capital, the territorial legislature moved the capital to Virginia City on February 7, 1865. It remained the capital until April 19, 1875, when it moved to Helena, Montana. Thomas Dimsdale began publication of Montana's first newspaper, the Montana Post, in Virginia City on August 27, 1864. Montana's first public school was established in Virginia City in March 1866.
Preservation
In the 1940s, Charles and Sue Bovey began buying the town, putting much needed maintenance into failing structures. The ghost town of Virginia City began to be restored for tourism in the 1950s. The Boveys operated the town as an open-air museum complete with artifacts and living history enactments. Of the nearly three hundred structures in town, almost half were built prior to 1900. Buildings in their original condition with Old West period displays and information plaques stand next to presently active restaurants, gift shops, and other businesses. The town received National Historic Landmark status in 1962, and many of its buildings have been added to the National Register of Historic Places.
The National Park Service (NPS) considered adding the town to its system, conducting studies in 1937, 1980 and 1995. In the end, the state of Montana bought most of the historic buildings after the legislature authorized the purchase of the Bovey properties. Today, the Historic District of Virginia City and Nevada City is operated by the Montana Heritage Commission with financial and technical assistance from the NPS. The commission operates gold panning, the Nevada City Music Hall and Museum, and the Alder Gulch Railroad.
Virginia City also has a Boothill Cemetery. The narrow gauge Alder Gulch Short Line Railroad transports passengers by rail to the nearby ghost town of Nevada City, Montana, and back.
The backdrop as well as the staged bar photos used in fine art pieces by David Yarrow is located in Virginia City at the Pioneer bar.
Filmography
The film The Missouri Breaks (1976) was partly filmed in Virginia City. The bar scenes in Little Big Man (1970) were filmed in the Bale Of Hay Saloon, a long time Virginia City landmark and watering hole.
Notable people
Sarah Bickford, African American businesswoman, former slave, and first African-American woman owner of a utility company in Montana.
John Bozeman, prospector, merchant, founder of Bozeman, Montana and Bozeman Trail.
Calamity Jane lived here for some time.
Helen M. Duncan, geologist and paleontologist, grew up in Virginia City.
Hezekiah L. Hosmer, first Chief Justice of Montana Territory Supreme Court, held court here.
Nathaniel P. Langford, prospector, vigilante and first superintendent of Yellowstone National Park.
Thomas Francis Meagher, Irish nationalist, Civil War general, Secretary of State and acting governor of Montana Territory
Joseph Millard, later a United States Senator from Nebraska, lived and opened a bank here.
Jack Slade, Pony Express co-founder and gunfighter, was lynched here.
Nelson Story, prospector, merchant and cattleman, famous for 1866 cattle drive from Texas to Montana.
Wilbur F. Sanders, founding member of the Vigilance Committee and United States Senator from Montana, lived here.
George Laird Shoup, Governor of Idaho, moved here after the Civil War.
Sam V. Stewart, Governor and Supreme Court justice of Montana, practiced law here.
Granville Stuart, prospector, vigilante, merchant, operated a store in Virginia City during the gold boom.
William Boyce Thompson, founder of Newmont Mining, was born here.
A. A. Townsend, prospector, miner, farmer, Captain of the Townsend Wagon Train who arrived in Virginia City on Aug 25, 1864.
Geography
Virginia City is located at (45.294107, -111.941230). Montana Highway 287 passes through town.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Virginia City has a borderline humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) bordering on a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) and a subalpine climate (Dfc). The data below are from the Western Regional Climate Center over the years 1893 to 2016.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 190 people, 102 households, and 55 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 171 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 91.6% White, 0.5% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 7.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.6% of the population.
There were 102 households, of which 17.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 46.1% were non-families. 42.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.86 and the average family size was 2.49.
The median age in the town was 51.3 years. 15.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.1% were from 25 to 44; 39.6% were from 45 to 64; and 18.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.5% male and 50.5% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 130 people, 72 households, and 32 families residing in the town. The population density was 140.4 people per square mile (54.0/km2). There were 122 housing units at an average density of 131.7 per square mile (50.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 94.62% White, 2.31% Native American, 0.77% from other races, and 2.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.77% of the population.
There were 72 households, out of which 18.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.3% were married couples living together, 1.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.2% were non-families. 47.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.81 and the average family size was 2.52.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 14.6% under the age of 18, 0.8% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 46.9% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 117.6 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $30,000, and the median income for a family was $46,250. Males had a median income of $37,500 versus $19,167 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,182. There are 5.7% of the population living below the poverty line, including those under eighteens and over 64.
Education
Thompson-Hickman County Library is a public library located in Virginia City.
References
External links
Virginia City Chamber of Commerce website
Montana Territory
Towns in Madison County, Montana
County seats in Montana
Former colonial and territorial capitals in the United States
Mining communities in Montana
Populated places established in 1863
Ghost towns in Montana
Boot Hill cemeteries
American frontier
Montana articles lacking sources
1863 establishments in Idaho Territory | [
0.4438478648662567,
0.5856013298034668,
0.4139556586742401,
-0.13817662000656128,
0.5838898420333862,
0.4249149262905121,
0.9977213144302368,
0.5489271879196167,
-0.12087047100067139,
-0.2449774444103241,
-0.17250461876392365,
0.019416945055127144,
-0.4487956762313843,
1.22232186794281,
-0.5132912397384644,
0.35643675923347473,
0.12048622220754623,
1.0130435228347778,
0.7563085556030273,
-0.10119405388832092,
-0.3464948236942291,
-0.3518553674221039,
0.29436758160591125,
0.22916367650032043,
-0.1955491155385971,
0.41204342246055603,
0.508493959903717,
0.4912235736846924,
0.04632538929581642,
-0.11335937678813934,
-0.2329988330602646,
0.4604424834251404,
-0.4624927043914795,
0.2558951675891876,
0.4690248370170593,
-0.20470371842384338,
0.5693793296813965,
0.3601389229297638,
0.1814224123954773,
0.08855434507131577,
-0.7395753860473633,
-0.20907211303710938,
0.1896202117204666,
-0.1185685321688652,
0.2052765190601349,
-0.4589945375919342,
-0.9233283400535583,
0.23300479352474213,
-1.061411738395691,
-0.4237600564956665,
-0.9708738923072815,
0.02077113837003708,
-0.11046483367681503,
0.29896384477615356,
0.8608628511428833,
0.1813787966966629,
-0.361648291349411,
-0.1033085510134697,
0.40202510356903076,
0.07193385064601898,
-0.34578272700309753,
0.7368447780609131,
0.18253758549690247,
0.06168271228671074,
-0.31390154361724854,
-0.35898131132125854,
0.2499445527791977,
0.5751311182975769,
0.15471197664737701,
-0.9554780721664429,
-0.5287646651268005,
0.29764142632484436,
-0.2744823098182678,
0.4376519024372101,
0.34711116552352905,
0.6001355051994324,
-0.6051798462867737,
0.02322416566312313,
0.08894388377666473,
-0.04788900166749954,
0.20900370180606842,
0.54319167137146,
0.6832742691040039,
0.03928167000412941,
0.1214834600687027,
0.21496716141700745,
-0.9104343056678772,
-0.24182313680648804,
0.31372177600860596,
0.9028569459915161,
-0.8747045397758484,
-0.12670695781707764,
0.07966616004705429,
-0.24278822541236877,
-0.17962835729122162,
-0.27243155241012573,
-0.028792647644877434,
0.570092499256134,
-0.25528231263160706,
0.3628830015659332,
-0.9160721302032471,
-0.10407198965549469,
0.9312425851821899,
-0.37049323320388794,
-0.46581220626831055,
-0.15108922123908997,
-0.6844686269760132,
0.2716588079929352,
0.30770567059516907,
-0.15309937298297882,
-0.28698351979255676,
0.239537313580513,
-0.10941016674041748,
-0.6501701474189758,
-0.39705872535705566,
0.21904659271240234,
0.22347207367420197,
-0.38621750473976135,
-0.4628683924674988,
-0.5080282688140869,
0.06537506729364395,
0.37234291434288025,
-0.05774824693799019,
0.22872580587863922,
-0.04564952105283737,
0.33922508358955383,
0.6736729741096497,
-0.2853860855102539,
-0.04174336418509483,
0.41351866722106934,
-0.7853097915649414,
0.9175750017166138,
-0.277335524559021,
0.47999295592308044,
-0.06455002725124359,
-0.2472265511751175,
-0.2683706283569336,
-0.45054131746292114,
0.4113176763057709,
0.06250357627868652,
-0.6271167397499084,
0.15857082605361938,
-0.15336667001247406,
0.3053433299064636,
0.710065484046936,
-0.09844972938299179,
-0.08073635399341583,
-1.0341030359268188,
0.03745012357831001,
0.06805720925331116,
0.0060762520879507065,
0.5540406107902527,
0.6393395066261292,
1.0253286361694336,
-0.3506525158882141,
0.06134200841188431,
1.0323755741119385,
0.47320106625556946,
0.6091048121452332,
0.7982326745986938,
-0.24259373545646667,
1.2603398561477661,
0.7704430222511292,
0.12119147926568985,
0.38345101475715637,
-0.062156692147254944,
0.7923791408538818,
-0.02850192040205002,
-0.014460721984505653,
0.2108592689037323,
-0.37730565667152405,
0.4030727744102478,
0.6066625714302063,
0.023755010217428207,
0.001683437149040401,
-0.3192921280860901,
1.0203968286514282,
0.4307730495929718,
-0.12846770882606506,
-0.3205738961696625,
-0.7382590770721436,
0.4053407907485962,
0.027397219091653824,
0.40929335355758667,
-0.3864777386188507,
0.027681780979037285,
0.4563741683959961,
-0.4537264108657837,
-0.648037314414978,
-1.192857027053833,
-0.46591922640800476,
-0.3409541845321655,
0.44355508685112,
-0.18830722570419312,
0.4425814747810364,
0.026651088148355484,
-0.08479107916355133,
0.4554602801799774,
-0.33354514837265015,
-0.02355561964213848,
0.11485296487808228,
-0.1414911299943924,
0.6781544089317322,
-0.4716557264328003,
-0.5392562747001648,
0.32534170150756836,
0.557918131351471,
-0.05124298855662346,
0.40972086787223816,
0.6501078605651855,
0.560321033000946,
-0.4622834026813507,
-0.3606507480144501,
0.8025733828544617,
-0.6438412666320801,
-0.10643485933542252,
-0.25190794467926025,
-0.10850876569747925,
0.753059446811676,
-0.07422041147947311,
0.60736083984375,
0.08883796632289886,
0.17270483076572418,
-0.20513799786567688,
-0.004852450918406248,
-0.06386151909828186,
0.5969011783599854,
0.2046952098608017,
-0.6924506425857544,
-0.011965555138885975,
-0.07067745923995972,
-0.17253917455673218,
-0.07495900243520737,
-0.28741654753685,
0.08966241776943207,
-0.23140108585357666,
-0.36469605565071106,
-0.08356674015522003,
0.4842011630535126,
-0.8471608757972717,
-0.10356216132640839,
0.07025019079446793,
0.016306474804878235,
0.08948847651481628,
0.5094363689422607,
0.6461288928985596,
0.51024329662323,
-0.20164915919303894,
0.0750609040260315,
-0.20931653678417206,
0.1814090758562088,
-0.18874883651733398,
0.47061264514923096,
0.018842192366719246,
0.45337316393852234,
-0.2187654674053192,
0.024447603151202202,
0.04240018129348755,
0.7398386597633362,
0.2518385052680969,
0.031952645629644394,
0.02665100246667862,
-0.204797625541687,
0.3478243947029114,
0.3361493647098541,
-0.5588856339454651,
-0.04284181073307991,
-0.9161844849586487,
-0.4983203709125519,
0.8657156825065613,
0.15862911939620972,
0.06609123945236206,
-0.25914275646209717,
0.09670835733413696,
0.4617256820201874,
0.2575681805610657,
-0.22540481388568878,
-0.3605584502220154,
-1.1856249570846558,
0.1598265916109085,
0.35309839248657227,
0.8146765828132629,
-0.20205631852149963,
-0.32679006457328796,
-0.10183162987232208,
-1.0966049432754517,
0.8161302804946899,
-0.09801408648490906,
-0.5770604014396667,
-0.18456172943115234,
-0.5227268934249878,
0.1442578285932541,
-0.3715895712375641,
0.5291171073913574,
-0.6532175540924072,
0.0474834069609642,
0.39494481682777405,
0.08667009323835373,
0.5606730580329895,
-0.7951741218566895,
-0.5421497821807861,
0.6714481711387634,
-0.26418060064315796,
0.2348269373178482,
0.29280316829681396,
-0.4578638970851898,
0.24247966706752777,
-0.4195672869682312,
-4.760254383087158,
0.7506941556930542,
-0.219096839427948,
-0.637473464012146,
0.13712604343891144,
-0.5109617710113525,
-0.21395638585090637,
-0.5024113059043884,
-0.29009363055229187,
0.1331598311662674,
-0.07878385484218597,
0.11471283435821533,
-0.5206570029258728,
0.861158549785614,
0.863839328289032,
0.3392166197299957,
0.45135077834129333,
0.01822933740913868,
0.4509958028793335,
0.39717185497283936,
-0.564619779586792,
0.04597441852092743,
-0.22766907513141632,
0.13947677612304688,
0.918773889541626,
0.5232255458831787,
-0.4321507215499878,
-0.3097040355205536,
-0.5287936329841614,
-0.146214097738266,
0.06341394782066345,
0.2264578640460968,
-0.5279191732406616,
-0.35874441266059875,
0.06055053696036339,
-0.16289813816547394,
0.014807186089456081,
-0.22413648664951324,
0.36972126364707947,
-0.47710663080215454,
0.9544897675514221,
0.2660245895385742,
-0.7480836510658264,
-0.14288902282714844,
0.7751383185386658,
-0.05725273862481117,
-0.49189338088035583,
-0.030819009989500046,
-0.4373869299888611,
1.3042546510696411,
0.4842482805252075,
0.14783498644828796,
0.6464688777923584,
0.11888179928064346,
0.3514229655265808,
0.1282266527414322,
-0.0747295692563057,
0.29962292313575745,
-0.5749109387397766,
0.5425511002540588,
-0.0769551694393158,
-0.8127087950706482,
-0.2763873040676117,
0.42490601539611816,
-0.04543522372841835,
-0.4809705317020416,
0.0989297479391098,
0.549196720123291,
0.24193821847438812,
-0.24194808304309845,
0.39038774371147156,
0.9185850620269775,
-0.5649648308753967,
-0.5454596281051636,
-0.03458641842007637,
-0.7949714064598083,
-0.3573201894760132,
-0.0320928581058979,
-0.8201098442077637,
0.4461679458618164,
-0.13776202499866486,
-0.05442024767398834,
0.3997407555580139,
0.4134646952152252,
0.4301624894142151,
-0.3442190885543823,
0.024078140035271645,
0.25687113404273987,
-0.005105478223413229,
-1.2143338918685913,
0.5801122784614563,
-0.2746184766292572,
0.4702713191509247,
-0.3554516136646271,
-0.11568481475114822,
-0.06722889095544815,
0.6667768955230713,
0.10538620501756668,
-0.2259395569562912,
-0.4909113347530365,
0.02371879294514656,
-0.20865221321582794,
-0.3808480203151703,
-0.6785252094268799,
-0.3364035487174988,
-0.00997602753341198,
-0.07085135579109192,
0.30047428607940674,
0.7066223621368408,
-0.6573035717010498,
-0.4357890486717224,
0.15186135470867157,
-0.05479706451296806,
-0.3879872262477875,
0.21998709440231323,
0.04046866297721863,
-0.3191010057926178,
0.3892594873905182,
0.695488691329956,
0.5390323400497437,
-0.07718132436275482,
-0.1425737589597702,
-0.17630746960639954,
-0.19725680351257324,
-0.18450872600078583,
-0.176253542304039,
0.3114968240261078,
0.16912639141082764,
-0.12483444809913635,
-0.013210526667535305,
0.06473428755998611,
-0.04835944250226021,
-0.553835391998291,
-0.03379436954855919,
-0.17163294553756714,
-0.15440025925636292,
-0.38759082555770874,
-0.6772251129150391,
0.6455322504043579,
0.2755022644996643,
0.2323637753725052,
0.3276387155056,
-0.48723700642585754,
0.6780942678451538,
-0.2120749056339264,
0.38732248544692993,
0.08998395502567291,
0.4384605288505554,
-1.0356793403625488,
0.14727658033370972,
-0.7598737478256226,
-0.6419693827629089,
0.22296839952468872,
-1.0002690553665161,
0.3988218605518341,
-0.12970948219299316,
0.04267032444477081,
0.5723316073417664,
0.3118858337402344,
-0.20669375360012054,
0.5570884346961975,
-0.31200626492500305,
-0.24127617478370667,
0.6673034429550171,
-0.3584277033805847,
-0.43260037899017334,
-0.38098037242889404,
0.0017067751614376903,
-0.5803552865982056,
0.14737087488174438,
0.6663606762886047,
-0.5271255970001221,
-0.5614490509033203,
-0.1567441076040268,
0.3078608810901642,
0.023460960015654564,
-0.337518572807312,
0.5622310638427734,
0.054459571838378906,
0.030910028144717216,
0.11380913853645325,
-0.5000478029251099,
-0.7396883964538574,
-0.6342788934707642,
0.08888264000415802,
-0.417182981967926,
0.25620368123054504,
-0.332131952047348,
0.06122628226876259,
0.33323508501052856,
-0.2845035493373871,
-0.042086366564035416,
0.31059613823890686,
-0.14567019045352936,
0.10324126482009888,
-0.8408224582672119,
0.34955543279647827,
0.04388329014182091,
-0.30320706963539124,
-0.9275166392326355,
-0.1415068805217743,
0.4960353672504425,
-0.49726220965385437,
0.08450505882501602,
0.1761460155248642,
-0.5805761814117432,
0.5889651775360107,
0.6497584581375122,
-0.6698753833770752,
0.6672117114067078,
-0.8482536673545837,
-0.6802713871002197,
0.4843834638595581,
0.926840603351593,
-0.32932060956954956,
0.4797828495502472,
0.22265438735485077,
0.41989317536354065,
-0.7117393016815186,
-0.5097076892852783,
-0.4725577235221863,
-0.21519334614276886,
-0.24416564404964447,
-0.42673882842063904,
-0.5100761651992798,
0.39298397302627563,
0.26599401235580444,
-0.47572505474090576,
0.8822454810142517,
-1.1642800569534302,
-0.17065967619419098,
0.0074546863324940205,
-0.018410824239253998,
0.12580589950084686,
0.516316831111908,
0.22877636551856995,
-0.2508103847503662,
-0.5072163343429565,
0.17795337736606598,
-0.1750422865152359,
0.020314671099185944,
1.6845446825027466,
-0.014130836352705956,
-0.634023904800415,
-0.5720747709274292,
-0.19882899522781372,
0.5125723481178284,
0.027261868119239807,
-1.5350914001464844,
0.7426860928535461,
0.6035555005073547,
-0.6992166042327881,
-0.6615456342697144,
-0.16411739587783813,
0.7779478430747986,
-0.636242151260376,
-0.5367563962936401,
1.1323153972625732,
-0.21912677586078644,
-0.04672553390264511,
0.1722448170185089,
-0.32488664984703064,
-0.2007446140050888,
0.4486849009990692,
0.33211416006088257,
-0.15847903490066528,
0.21169805526733398,
-0.2066417783498764,
-0.12231657654047012,
-0.7858444452285767,
0.18092776834964752,
-0.44369348883628845,
0.014808077365159988,
-0.17136894166469574,
-0.7806886434555054,
0.20814773440361023,
0.036593396216630936,
-0.7099359035491943,
-0.6548988223075867,
-0.012805462814867496,
-0.42092180252075195,
-0.03864612057805061,
0.2079872190952301,
-0.3616834878921509,
0.2390144169330597,
-0.7277453541755676,
-0.11902293562889099,
0.05235959216952324,
-1.2050431966781616,
0.3594944477081299,
-0.23339983820915222,
0.028987500816583633,
-0.0336381196975708,
-1.286548137664795,
0.17809978127479553,
0.3714023530483246,
0.39498159289360046,
0.09429718554019928,
-0.3273748457431793,
0.29647520184516907,
-0.5331214070320129,
0.7245263457298279,
-0.24250341951847076,
-1.005897045135498,
0.655602753162384,
-0.6780226230621338,
-0.8672173619270325,
-0.38292795419692993,
0.198423370718956,
0.11044294387102127,
0.10463126748800278,
-0.08494855463504791,
0.4173378646373749,
0.60677170753479,
-0.6103984117507935,
0.07249607145786285,
0.19288411736488342,
-0.4235706627368927,
-0.7226464748382568,
0.34172001481056213,
-0.8215514421463013,
0.18017150461673737,
0.7436497211456299,
0.3533641993999481,
-0.30837956070899963,
0.8955637216567993,
-0.21883076429367065,
0.4201573431491852,
-0.09477335214614868,
0.23327799141407013,
0.03138815984129906,
-0.8826276063919067,
-0.9599928855895996,
0.5032139420509338,
-0.5031816363334656,
-0.6221602559089661,
0.04529661685228348,
-0.8165311217308044,
-0.8221124410629272,
0.4177868962287903,
-0.009541359730064869,
0.31169039011001587,
0.3267575204372406,
0.6105957627296448,
0.23514051735401154,
-0.47639796137809753,
-0.09957854449748993,
0.22899138927459717,
0.3304712474346161,
-0.7052614688873291,
0.048974573612213135,
-0.37343037128448486,
-0.31839698553085327,
-0.5835787653923035,
-0.2916310727596283,
0.06448815017938614,
0.4611576199531555,
-0.6906757950782776,
-0.3782229721546173,
0.08198944479227066,
0.03642628341913223,
-0.8961468935012817,
0.6347018480300903,
0.11429376900196075,
0.02843157947063446,
-0.31187283992767334,
0.243523970246315,
-0.3082374930381775,
-0.5945728421211243,
0.4442955255508423,
0.811463475227356,
0.8964574337005615,
0.24767568707466125,
0.39793074131011963,
0.40134498476982117,
0.7116787433624268,
-0.3259853720664978,
0.40611693263053894,
-0.265420138835907,
0.031102042645215988,
-0.37765270471572876,
0.2731253504753113,
0.3032543361186981,
-0.2865562438964844,
-0.043611735105514526,
-0.5340976715087891,
0.038792841136455536,
0.15139958262443542,
0.11796107143163681,
-0.8260376453399658,
-0.013545685447752476,
-0.17392708361148834,
-0.2270154356956482,
-0.11929051578044891,
-0.15016108751296997,
-0.1977081149816513,
0.4510537385940552,
0.43248000741004944,
0.9248418211936951,
0.5241128206253052,
0.523597240447998,
-0.487434059381485,
0.07141848653554916,
-0.21183478832244873,
0.42192208766937256,
0.5016335844993591,
-0.2785520553588867,
0.3084724545478821,
-0.7975709438323975,
0.787533700466156,
-0.1978490650653839,
0.5433345437049866,
-0.07680287957191467,
0.9645596146583557,
-0.20920078456401825,
-0.014494383707642555,
0.9399566650390625,
-0.024939564988017082,
-0.24944645166397095,
-0.44028279185295105,
-0.017671622335910797,
-0.9628751277923584,
0.49707603454589844,
0.6218441128730774,
-0.28909817337989807,
-0.20740215480327606,
-0.5623399615287781,
0.4029655456542969,
-0.9155576229095459,
0.46465596556663513,
0.15913711488246918,
-0.8035445809364319,
-0.37975090742111206,
-0.1661563217639923,
-0.4608895778656006,
-0.30356520414352417,
-0.4824167788028717,
1.6777857542037964,
0.10950435698032379,
-0.322661429643631,
-0.05874652415513992,
-0.10834962129592896,
-0.2673117518424988,
0.08458148688077927,
0.7807900309562683,
0.7169488072395325,
-1.1063475608825684,
-0.7964699268341064,
-0.685877799987793,
0.49278685450553894,
-0.0792800560593605,
-0.2853474020957947,
0.6107147336006165,
-0.41582441329956055,
0.11253724247217178,
0.5211021304130554,
0.39587700366973877,
-0.2646656930446625,
0.5271013379096985,
0.100823774933815
]
|
123532 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle%2C%20Montana | Circle, Montana | Circle is a town in and the county seat of McCone County, Montana, United States. The population was 591 at the 2020 census.
The community was so named because a rancher there branded his cattle with the image of a circle.
Geography
Circle is located at (47.416987, -105.588734). Montana Highway 200 passes through town.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Circle has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 615 people, 278 households, and 159 families living in the town. The population density was . There were 343 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 97.7% White, 0.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.3% Asian, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.6% of the population.
There were 278 households, of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.8% were non-families. 39.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.88.
The median age in the town was 45.9 years. 23.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18.9% were from 25 to 44; 25.6% were from 45 to 64; and 26% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 46.8% male and 53.2% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 644 people, 291 households, and 185 families living in the town. The population density was 815.1 people per square mile (314.7/km2). There were 384 housing units at an average density of 486.0 per square mile (187.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.89% White, 0.78% African American, 0.93% Native American, and 1.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.09% of the population.
There were 291 households, out of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.0% were married couples living together, 5.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.1% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.84.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.9% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 21.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 87.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $27,500, and the median income for a family was $36,354. Males had a median income of $28,125 versus $12,917 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,412. About 16.2% of families and 18.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.9% of those under age 18 and 15.3% of those age 65 or over.
Infrastructure
Circle Town County Airport is a public use airport located 1 mile east of town.
Education
Circle Public Schools educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. The team name for Circle High School is the Wildcats.
George McCone Memorial County Library provides service to the area.
References
External links
Circle
Towns in McCone County, Montana
County seats in Montana | [
0.24509714543819427,
0.7450962662696838,
0.5244813561439514,
-0.08710487931966782,
0.32238253951072693,
-0.017158547416329384,
0.7446210980415344,
0.7390574812889099,
-0.05507838726043701,
0.0690542459487915,
0.044764354825019836,
0.042921748012304306,
-0.49311554431915283,
0.6533728837966919,
-0.47461286187171936,
0.3491470217704773,
0.21264517307281494,
0.9227957129478455,
0.5517888069152832,
-0.2621855139732361,
0.0998692661523819,
-0.5431476831436157,
0.39832979440689087,
0.35398778319358826,
-0.048090118914842606,
0.8354518413543701,
0.28074973821640015,
0.19895362854003906,
-0.17522656917572021,
0.10258930176496506,
-0.2691773772239685,
0.32066717743873596,
-0.40190771222114563,
0.048284951597452164,
0.19337968528270721,
-0.3221944570541382,
0.35704222321510315,
0.1572434902191162,
0.16740372776985168,
0.1761866956949234,
-0.24437342584133148,
-0.030158041045069695,
-0.00037636380875483155,
-0.11635760962963104,
0.1737605780363083,
-0.48535576462745667,
-1.5742182731628418,
0.7570236325263977,
-0.8703669309616089,
-0.6279798746109009,
-1.0164378881454468,
-0.0786491110920906,
0.2579305171966553,
0.395742267370224,
0.4524824619293213,
0.2898198366165161,
-0.1300409734249115,
0.15464048087596893,
0.44767138361930847,
0.07032717019319534,
-0.5788066387176514,
0.6775558590888977,
0.04616684094071388,
-0.15620815753936768,
-0.19254754483699799,
-0.01896331086754799,
0.15295328199863434,
0.22432765364646912,
0.3449915051460266,
-1.029514193534851,
-0.005257090087980032,
0.05087964981794357,
-0.37592947483062744,
1.0199989080429077,
0.38968220353126526,
0.7261148691177368,
-0.6559789180755615,
-0.13519737124443054,
0.005184974521398544,
-0.2215549796819687,
0.23882007598876953,
-0.01747886836528778,
0.21562926471233368,
-0.038914501667022705,
0.16657103598117828,
-0.16970127820968628,
-0.6445400714874268,
-0.2541232109069824,
0.21589097380638123,
0.7524603009223938,
-0.8584265112876892,
-0.20344547927379608,
-0.054621338844299316,
0.014949464239180088,
0.09209306538105011,
-0.47933241724967957,
0.10372378677129745,
0.29698172211647034,
-0.10893486440181732,
-0.027941962704062462,
-0.12478424608707428,
-0.07150115817785263,
1.0215511322021484,
-0.2723354697227478,
-0.6411086320877075,
-0.6430840492248535,
-0.3941868245601654,
-0.5668177008628845,
0.3675340712070465,
0.1357237845659256,
-0.2643282115459442,
0.24554899334907532,
-0.05851633474230766,
-0.5848318934440613,
-0.3472446799278259,
0.26900723576545715,
0.07964884489774704,
-0.6287626028060913,
-0.40273240208625793,
-0.19058610498905182,
-0.28922194242477417,
0.36808180809020996,
-0.2729928493499756,
0.1688893437385559,
-0.12489905953407288,
0.6734198927879333,
0.5503174662590027,
-0.06335066258907318,
-0.10134337097406387,
0.16373297572135925,
-0.833950400352478,
0.45054569840431213,
-0.2032124549150467,
0.48249155282974243,
-0.2659067213535309,
-0.9465305209159851,
0.06778398901224136,
-0.463333398103714,
0.45020362734794617,
0.07726147025823593,
-0.2216932475566864,
0.010070811957120895,
-0.27131912112236023,
-0.1760101467370987,
0.6432668566703796,
-0.03834403306245804,
0.0773518979549408,
-0.924079179763794,
0.1211424320936203,
-0.05798569694161415,
-0.03486369550228119,
0.3614118993282318,
0.37563052773475647,
0.8349992036819458,
0.13429775834083557,
0.10396493226289749,
0.5468276143074036,
0.7401571869850159,
0.1416034996509552,
0.5214850902557373,
0.07264670729637146,
1.1512147188186646,
0.6510100364685059,
0.47701117396354675,
0.7489703297615051,
-0.4995511770248413,
1.0733133554458618,
-0.3939092755317688,
0.24669668078422546,
0.1291617602109909,
-0.4868607223033905,
0.5194994807243347,
0.6217221021652222,
-0.16121990978717804,
0.15678392350673676,
-0.40318068861961365,
0.45851045846939087,
-0.018810009583830833,
0.004043500404804945,
-0.289794385433197,
-0.8624844551086426,
0.6283124089241028,
-0.000981498509645462,
0.1574150025844574,
0.06664344668388367,
0.007425179239362478,
-0.003923364914953709,
-0.2302301824092865,
-0.5257092118263245,
-0.9062681198120117,
-0.47180262207984924,
-0.7082659006118774,
0.84735506772995,
-0.05108008161187172,
0.6574540734291077,
-0.030370034277439117,
-0.05421129986643791,
0.4196513593196869,
-0.3612247407436371,
0.31787726283073425,
-0.2643127143383026,
-0.16011002659797668,
0.7888600826263428,
-0.6759955883026123,
0.007560099009424448,
0.2783352732658386,
0.16737015545368195,
-0.0347999632358551,
0.5733088254928589,
0.8503804206848145,
0.20328673720359802,
-0.7744218111038208,
-0.140538290143013,
0.6570444703102112,
-1.1272300481796265,
-0.2194746434688568,
-0.1777113676071167,
0.015179289504885674,
0.5640547275543213,
0.08199487626552582,
0.7247099876403809,
0.21149268746376038,
0.21111072599887848,
-0.021212847903370857,
-0.1369348019361496,
0.5311551094055176,
0.8814407587051392,
0.3144339621067047,
-0.691992461681366,
0.4834256172180176,
0.32973581552505493,
-0.02030283398926258,
0.18769042193889618,
-0.27074477076530457,
-0.06223682314157486,
0.1543021947145462,
-0.11829692870378494,
-0.40712496638298035,
0.5985873937606812,
-0.9486562609672546,
-0.2659071087837219,
0.15258221328258514,
0.09259847551584244,
0.17573511600494385,
0.2767521142959595,
0.7716606855392456,
-0.2429901510477066,
-0.023882491514086723,
0.196895569562912,
-0.1648685336112976,
-0.25439172983169556,
-0.04248424246907234,
0.38327038288116455,
-0.3883569538593292,
0.04004860296845436,
0.04571327567100525,
-0.015959911048412323,
-0.05949365720152855,
0.6478637456893921,
0.24216465651988983,
-0.35254406929016113,
0.1104876697063446,
-0.4332456588745117,
-0.4508498013019562,
0.241806298494339,
-0.5668081641197205,
-0.43652433156967163,
-0.31303897500038147,
-0.17030729353427887,
0.7420191168785095,
0.034351594746112823,
-0.0897904559969902,
0.07173722982406616,
0.06148618459701538,
0.6148721575737,
0.17245471477508545,
-0.6556044816970825,
-0.30766725540161133,
-0.7682108879089355,
0.11876122653484344,
0.1622001826763153,
0.7851890325546265,
-0.263447642326355,
-0.2554524540901184,
-0.14341144263744354,
-0.46420127153396606,
0.7334661483764648,
-0.4263416826725006,
-0.6804065704345703,
-0.13189664483070374,
-0.10896329581737518,
0.10055872797966003,
-0.49806955456733704,
0.28458690643310547,
-0.27960318326950073,
0.27148139476776123,
0.3219843804836273,
-0.34258008003234863,
0.5783947110176086,
-0.7268815040588379,
-0.17259544134140015,
0.5194375514984131,
-0.7538748979568481,
0.06865885108709335,
0.03607596457004547,
-0.47982344031333923,
0.3618142604827881,
-0.6821445226669312,
-4.921041011810303,
0.5540617108345032,
-0.6811209917068481,
-0.5605992674827576,
-0.12926921248435974,
-0.7521016001701355,
0.45294448733329773,
-0.5678608417510986,
-0.28708797693252563,
0.30886805057525635,
-0.22788120806217194,
-0.29674065113067627,
-0.24917322397232056,
0.7877694964408875,
0.7103196978569031,
0.38741663098335266,
0.9186813235282898,
-0.4239715039730072,
0.6168385148048401,
0.6277007460594177,
-0.23242826759815216,
0.364653617143631,
-0.3851187229156494,
-0.17564427852630615,
0.8865438103675842,
0.343027800321579,
-0.3976293206214905,
-0.3162863552570343,
-0.6625864505767822,
-0.0866139680147171,
0.18153469264507294,
0.3441791236400604,
-0.8277471661567688,
-0.20344313979148865,
-0.060255274176597595,
-0.3252370059490204,
0.2400379180908203,
-0.5845814347267151,
0.42843613028526306,
-0.20417246222496033,
0.535317599773407,
0.30078402161598206,
-0.07924863696098328,
-0.45530885457992554,
0.8017268180847168,
-0.011971531435847282,
-0.2472974807024002,
-0.3889094293117523,
-0.45767825841903687,
0.9470205903053284,
0.3307017683982849,
0.30312380194664,
0.8829107284545898,
-0.13857513666152954,
0.37653660774230957,
-0.2797509729862213,
-0.15875712037086487,
-0.0929257720708847,
-0.9900016784667969,
0.5538888573646545,
-0.005477342288941145,
-0.7136822938919067,
-0.19713805615901947,
0.17650043964385986,
-0.027085768058896065,
-0.5180845260620117,
0.2931378185749054,
0.09264224767684937,
-0.10559355467557907,
0.05312446132302284,
-0.08518145233392715,
0.5561488270759583,
-0.8320823311805725,
-0.6074106693267822,
0.005097087938338518,
-0.7652663588523865,
0.06808697432279587,
0.32095596194267273,
-0.7476685643196106,
-0.021363675594329834,
0.14892597496509552,
0.0227096788585186,
0.5339338779449463,
0.8613673448562622,
0.29640111327171326,
-0.4817794859409332,
-0.25018310546875,
0.15949735045433044,
-0.040868885815143585,
-0.7687665224075317,
1.0659596920013428,
-0.006316452752798796,
0.6153790354728699,
-0.45039886236190796,
-0.27326148748397827,
0.1048876941204071,
0.37812525033950806,
-0.0806487500667572,
-0.5350148677825928,
-0.3582553565502167,
0.24739016592502594,
-0.07300933450460434,
0.23280280828475952,
-0.1527133285999298,
-0.5745911598205566,
-0.8641295433044434,
0.2968437671661377,
0.36718398332595825,
0.8755284547805786,
-0.8065527081489563,
-0.6353223919868469,
-0.2160329520702362,
-0.43785762786865234,
0.010867636650800705,
0.00886550173163414,
0.04400746524333954,
0.17886419594287872,
0.1980925351381302,
0.37258628010749817,
0.4318702816963196,
0.10928742587566376,
-0.00330431223846972,
-0.09400295466184616,
-0.0920126661658287,
-0.4422354996204376,
-0.4879870116710663,
0.2890828549861908,
-0.0202585831284523,
0.05384763330221176,
0.587530255317688,
0.10497353225946426,
0.2455565631389618,
-0.4027058184146881,
-0.2325592190027237,
-0.32558557391166687,
0.3547585606575012,
-0.48808491230010986,
-0.8246046304702759,
0.1628478616476059,
0.45741721987724304,
0.571678638458252,
0.48013371229171753,
-0.38727283477783203,
0.7687146067619324,
-0.09485778957605362,
0.07897583395242691,
0.28302255272865295,
-0.3575100004673004,
-0.8505816459655762,
0.4506317973136902,
-0.8237382769584656,
-0.4142927825450897,
0.07493720948696136,
-0.6917288899421692,
0.46084851026535034,
0.3035944104194641,
-0.12060282379388809,
0.676110565662384,
0.1742713898420334,
-0.052793439477682114,
0.4234916567802429,
-0.2306746542453766,
-0.17161059379577637,
0.9342722296714783,
-0.140101820230484,
-0.4386588931083679,
-0.44770893454551697,
-0.21223215758800507,
-0.738766074180603,
0.1363878846168518,
0.9308508038520813,
-0.3518644869327545,
-0.27833542227745056,
-0.22099851071834564,
0.20713073015213013,
0.150867760181427,
0.08309663087129593,
0.1042291596531868,
0.16780559718608856,
-0.06985149532556534,
-0.028467923402786255,
-0.33321431279182434,
-0.8198718428611755,
-0.08871898055076599,
0.07021655142307281,
-0.46195924282073975,
-0.457640677690506,
-0.14228428900241852,
0.29434335231781006,
0.4611007273197174,
0.05159294977784157,
-0.7101171612739563,
0.15885785222053528,
-0.03380297124385834,
0.07354539632797241,
-1.1517326831817627,
0.7600015997886658,
-0.008956114761531353,
-0.6512374877929688,
-0.7157734036445618,
0.21679872274398804,
0.7393076419830322,
-0.2365136444568634,
0.4737069010734558,
-0.19210393726825714,
-0.7266115546226501,
0.4999959170818329,
0.6866276860237122,
-0.7191994190216064,
0.8458078503608704,
-0.31426626443862915,
-0.7637824416160583,
0.6204057335853577,
0.36685463786125183,
-0.024432748556137085,
0.6731075644493103,
0.5092881917953491,
0.5865901112556458,
-0.3410671055316925,
-0.3110816478729248,
-0.2732349634170532,
-0.06466706097126007,
-0.5062535405158997,
-0.7650585174560547,
-0.43721339106559753,
0.2952750325202942,
0.36846688389778137,
-0.23884761333465576,
1.1082549095153809,
-0.7759033441543579,
0.1381806582212448,
0.44333773851394653,
-0.21522462368011475,
0.1842150092124939,
0.6493803262710571,
-0.0628003403544426,
-0.5383738875389099,
0.4104042053222656,
0.4966355264186859,
-0.3040080964565277,
0.11600850522518158,
1.303299069404602,
0.7562288641929626,
-0.4456782639026642,
-0.5235669016838074,
-0.0027623611968010664,
0.7013061046600342,
-0.11386839300394058,
-1.464389681816101,
1.0275250673294067,
0.416043758392334,
-0.6290695667266846,
-0.5319540500640869,
-0.3760090172290802,
0.963026762008667,
-0.29359376430511475,
-0.4462920129299164,
0.8914673924446106,
-0.0962260365486145,
0.40915361046791077,
0.01047781016677618,
0.03729624301195145,
0.15338987112045288,
-0.2624976336956024,
0.15838947892189026,
0.12357360124588013,
-0.12360701709985733,
-0.6504109501838684,
0.11637141555547714,
-1.0343347787857056,
-0.15991123020648956,
-0.0984417051076889,
0.2952832281589508,
-0.18993405997753143,
-0.595796525478363,
0.23977483808994293,
-0.00531974621117115,
-0.35817253589630127,
-0.7295859456062317,
-0.2475350946187973,
-0.09238547086715698,
0.0004428066313266754,
0.25302210450172424,
0.05824030935764313,
0.18587808310985565,
-0.8034462928771973,
-0.3993299603462219,
0.03942851349711418,
-0.7107937932014465,
0.5710382461547852,
-0.7854065895080566,
0.07962588220834732,
-0.21427637338638306,
-0.6813979744911194,
0.11487021297216415,
0.5297911763191223,
0.40980201959609985,
0.5706548690795898,
-0.5217520594596863,
0.09687674045562744,
-0.519482433795929,
0.8718782067298889,
-0.23744870722293854,
-0.8305535912513733,
0.11535794287919998,
-0.028905551880598068,
-0.5341866612434387,
-0.4088011085987091,
0.8332520127296448,
0.36444932222366333,
0.4519067406654358,
0.04727435111999512,
0.265683114528656,
0.5466251373291016,
-0.5741785764694214,
0.4221978187561035,
0.39195331931114197,
-0.2788547873497009,
-1.0648900270462036,
0.21279484033584595,
-0.8609796166419983,
0.1388365924358368,
0.6695792078971863,
0.5284520983695984,
-0.1368434727191925,
0.9348224401473999,
-0.46253350377082825,
0.8273522853851318,
-0.337218701839447,
0.4840623736381531,
-0.23553170263767242,
-1.1004369258880615,
-0.7834618091583252,
-0.030547479167580605,
-0.41152358055114746,
-0.22147324681282043,
-0.013142898678779602,
-0.53667813539505,
-0.3822537362575531,
0.2866586148738861,
0.16826976835727692,
-0.09783273935317993,
0.20649650692939758,
0.23072682321071625,
0.28604474663734436,
-0.43567997217178345,
0.2177855521440506,
0.12321316450834274,
0.32305869460105896,
-0.33323410153388977,
-0.28636300563812256,
-0.5684701800346375,
-0.56047523021698,
-0.899864137172699,
-0.30863866209983826,
-0.16017360985279083,
0.1763380765914917,
-0.33718934655189514,
-0.36399775743484497,
-0.11124859005212784,
-0.25349822640419006,
-0.9105173349380493,
0.5122183561325073,
-0.022998414933681488,
-0.3717494010925293,
-0.13212551176548004,
0.5533655285835266,
-0.2740165591239929,
-0.004302941728383303,
0.6863375902175903,
0.16222289204597473,
0.5106537938117981,
0.16528503596782684,
0.3596268892288208,
0.2083670198917389,
-0.12796878814697266,
0.23879839479923248,
0.5459064841270447,
-0.0689995214343071,
0.2867339849472046,
-0.34726446866989136,
0.25602105259895325,
-0.23336105048656464,
-0.3482414186000824,
-0.2481592297554016,
-0.3449009656906128,
-0.10460654646158218,
0.09180716425180435,
-0.018502580001950264,
-0.7741202116012573,
0.3750103712081909,
0.07968704402446747,
-0.4837609827518463,
-0.16655996441841125,
0.05034838616847992,
0.3318077325820923,
0.04701023921370506,
0.5831004977226257,
0.6085789799690247,
0.36912843585014343,
0.27121174335479736,
-0.12057052552700043,
0.6442775130271912,
-0.10599503666162491,
0.5097899436950684,
0.28736987709999084,
-0.28911226987838745,
-0.13420064747333527,
-0.5778539776802063,
0.03750551491975784,
-0.11156239360570908,
0.11562716960906982,
-0.02930266596376896,
0.9803262948989868,
0.06870489567518234,
0.004842446185648441,
0.3631122410297394,
-0.15089677274227142,
-0.545238733291626,
-0.2595856487751007,
0.09789606183767319,
-0.7426666617393494,
0.6459990739822388,
0.2793246805667877,
0.09544076025485992,
-0.5023146271705627,
-0.023805120959877968,
-0.41234955191612244,
-0.46552932262420654,
0.460747629404068,
0.17341464757919312,
-1.103683590888977,
0.018891651183366776,
-0.19790524244308472,
-0.21496036648750305,
-0.7185196876525879,
-0.5219337344169617,
1.620252251625061,
0.8377417922019958,
-0.28880199790000916,
-0.40796589851379395,
-0.10922003537416458,
-0.04238118976354599,
0.3793952465057373,
1.1296923160552979,
0.7892442941665649,
-1.1349060535430908,
-0.9791640043258667,
-0.7641261219978333,
0.551580011844635,
-0.15022490918636322,
0.06897290050983429,
0.136860653758049,
-0.3887409567832947,
0.14068283140659332,
-0.4059068560600281,
0.26852789521217346,
-0.6089721918106079,
0.7976319789886475,
-0.2186516672372818
]
|
123533 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20Sulphur%20Springs%2C%20Montana | White Sulphur Springs, Montana | White Sulphur Springs is a city in and the county seat of Meagher County, Montana, United States. The population was 955 at the 2020 census.
The center of population of Montana is located in White Sulphur Springs.
White Sulphur Springs was originally called Brewers Springs, after James Scott Brewer, who laid claim to the thermal springs in 1866. In 1876 the town name changed.
Geography and climate
White Sulphur Springs is located at (46.546396, -110.902552). The Castle Mountains are east of town.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 939 people in 433 households, including 255 families, in the city. The population density was . There were 563 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 97.2% White, 0.1% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.4%.
Of the 433 households 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.4% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.1% were non-families. 37.4% of households were one person and 19.6% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.75.
The median age was 51.2 years. 19% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 18% were from 25 to 44; 31.4% were from 45 to 64; and 26.3% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.8% male and 50.2% female.
2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 984 people in 443 households, including 265 families, in the city. The population density was 1,069.1 people per square mile (413.0/km). There were 567 housing units at an average density of 616.0 per square mile (238.0/km). The racial makeup of the city was 96.24% White, 1.42% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 0.51% from other races, and 1.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.93%.
Of the 443 households 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.1% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 37.0% of households were one person and 17.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.84.
The age distribution was 22.4% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 22.5% from 25 to 44, 26.9% from 45 to 64, and 21.3% 65 or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 94.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.9 males.
The median household income was $28,229 and the median family income was $34,342. Males had a median income of $23,403 versus $13,929 for females. The per capita income for the city was $13,836. About 11.6% of families and 13.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.5% of those under age 18 and 11.0% of those age 65 or over.
Infrastructure
U.S. Route 89 passes through town.
White Sulphur Springs Airport is a public use airport located 3 miles south of town.
Education
White Sulphur Springs Schools educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. White Sulphur Springs High School's team name is the Hornets.
Meagher County City Library serves the area.
Notable people
Dirk Benedict, actor, is from White Sulphur Springs.
Ivan Doig, novelist, was born in White Sulphur Springs.
Emmanuel Taylor Gordon, Harlem Renaissance singer and performer, was born, raised, and died in White Sulphur Springs.
Sarah Calhoun, entrepreneur, founder of the women's workwear company Red Ants Pants.
Doctor Thomas Merton Mongar; a student rights advocate, radical thinker, and controversial critic of government policy who made pioneering contributions through his research, to the field of Political Science. He completed a BA at the University of Montana and continued his studies at the University of Oregon, where he obtained a PhD. He taught at the University of Washington, Queens College in New York City, McMaster University in Burlington, Ontario and Memorial University of Newfoundland.
Richard T. Ringling, Son of Ringling Brothers founder, Alf T. Ringling.
Paul Ringling, legislator. Son of Richard and Aubrey Ringling; grandson of Alf T. Ringling.
See also
National Register of Historic Places in Meagher County
Notes
External links
Chamber of commerce
Cities in Meagher County, Montana
County seats in Montana
Cities in Montana | [
0.2363281100988388,
0.9366165399551392,
-0.38365331292152405,
-0.3004920184612274,
0.5840189456939697,
0.07757144421339035,
1.1433066129684448,
0.7501217126846313,
0.5344251990318298,
0.041538555175065994,
-0.3933432102203369,
-0.11980486661195755,
-0.7204326391220093,
1.2583720684051514,
-0.2107711285352707,
0.1872115135192871,
0.5790536403656006,
0.6064892411231995,
1.4671845436096191,
0.18700137734413147,
0.1923106163740158,
-0.44602641463279724,
0.43451929092407227,
0.5288903713226318,
-0.5282731056213379,
0.41599830985069275,
0.10457514226436615,
0.5126996040344238,
-0.3925252854824066,
0.0726713240146637,
-0.2942701578140259,
0.5561718940734863,
-0.3601539731025696,
0.10927914083003998,
0.09148315340280533,
0.10490531474351883,
0.3623144328594208,
0.09290499240159988,
-0.12884952127933502,
-0.45154663920402527,
-0.24568113684654236,
-0.3433278203010559,
0.07072807848453522,
-0.3332217037677765,
-0.08158960193395615,
-0.13440164923667908,
-1.0905089378356934,
0.1602325588464737,
-0.7395113110542297,
-0.37618252635002136,
-0.6906001567840576,
0.23788373172283173,
0.41557860374450684,
-0.37838590145111084,
0.5840790867805481,
0.5438313484191895,
-0.6338744163513184,
0.9654898643493652,
0.12548016011714935,
0.016665015369653702,
-0.24587950110435486,
0.3567981719970703,
0.013222043402493,
-0.19077636301517487,
-0.5507415533065796,
0.03272578492760658,
-0.468842476606369,
0.04016480967402458,
-0.05395679548382759,
-0.19398903846740723,
-0.05894087627530098,
-0.25304052233695984,
-0.5938938856124878,
0.38322776556015015,
0.056085824966430664,
0.7151065468788147,
-0.8693312406539917,
-0.10627803951501846,
-0.3213917315006256,
0.17007175087928772,
-0.03321286663413048,
0.24711303412914276,
0.4591841399669647,
-0.15925556421279907,
0.07656069844961166,
-0.11915893852710724,
-0.06191982701420784,
-0.057894229888916016,
-0.16877661645412445,
1.0811375379562378,
-0.9962589144706726,
0.0002150663931388408,
0.3417914807796478,
-0.35234010219573975,
0.011297850869596004,
-0.7222325205802917,
0.02171824686229229,
0.563739538192749,
0.002503099851310253,
0.14297325909137726,
-0.35192355513572693,
-0.7250693440437317,
0.7464739680290222,
0.08730818331241608,
-0.5472131967544556,
-0.39141786098480225,
-1.1874052286148071,
-0.050542786717414856,
0.2809935212135315,
-0.07761773467063904,
0.07654605805873871,
0.25284379720687866,
0.08126354217529297,
-0.1594914346933365,
-0.34215354919433594,
0.2480589747428894,
0.16894596815109253,
-0.1636366993188858,
-0.036313824355602264,
-0.4428574740886688,
0.8343641757965088,
0.40429314970970154,
-0.2975212335586548,
0.23916950821876526,
-0.24368339776992798,
0.49329712986946106,
0.0022020493634045124,
0.08181663602590561,
0.1367831975221634,
0.35672998428344727,
-0.024936402216553688,
0.4695926308631897,
0.42012882232666016,
-0.24323861300945282,
-0.031371552497148514,
-0.6915529370307922,
-0.085871621966362,
-0.6567614674568176,
0.3562479317188263,
-0.015314477495849133,
-0.48610058426856995,
-0.01870035007596016,
-0.35048699378967285,
-0.24114304780960083,
0.6563838720321655,
-0.01814689300954342,
-0.1706506311893463,
-0.586116373538971,
0.09852591902017593,
-0.10708339512348175,
0.021977875381708145,
-0.19682972133159637,
0.03620218485593796,
0.9387125372886658,
0.019809890538454056,
0.1491900384426117,
0.7167083621025085,
0.454508513212204,
0.32458069920539856,
0.661780059337616,
0.13357780873775482,
0.7753770351409912,
0.8311989307403564,
0.06642044335603714,
0.6334606409072876,
0.038129772990942,
0.4631424844264984,
-0.3092690408229828,
-0.6773326396942139,
0.7109490036964417,
-0.18265703320503235,
0.3041307330131531,
0.5425044298171997,
-0.20198342204093933,
-0.02765573188662529,
-0.6329302191734314,
0.4766548275947571,
0.7697961926460266,
0.1443375200033188,
0.0015089603839442134,
-0.9618611931800842,
0.3156816065311432,
-0.5799877643585205,
0.31429898738861084,
-0.0896868109703064,
-0.16744953393936157,
0.015900487080216408,
-0.08975358307361603,
-0.11339658498764038,
-1.0632073879241943,
-0.7949239015579224,
-0.7501152157783508,
0.037870824337005615,
-0.4046524465084076,
0.45324522256851196,
-0.4186512231826782,
-0.3527195453643799,
-0.04586511477828026,
0.2364988774061203,
0.2393854856491089,
0.07658647745847702,
0.007538663689047098,
-0.01566808484494686,
-0.9726681709289551,
-0.6373774409294128,
0.2967769205570221,
0.4446534514427185,
-0.2716657519340515,
0.5253944993019104,
0.38669270277023315,
0.3497603237628937,
0.06398502737283707,
0.04632091894745827,
0.4194854199886322,
-0.41433605551719666,
-0.4107517898082733,
-0.6933234930038452,
-0.2832307517528534,
0.6889340281486511,
-0.39665696024894714,
0.5824409127235413,
0.45114073157310486,
-0.4914368987083435,
0.23397116363048553,
-0.7333386540412903,
-0.19876797497272491,
0.13219371438026428,
-0.2823498547077179,
0.18854442238807678,
0.587130069732666,
0.4814153015613556,
0.2938481271266937,
0.7155838012695312,
-0.3599361181259155,
0.08737262338399887,
-0.05584127455949783,
-0.3555394113063812,
-0.06687957793474197,
0.8356970548629761,
-0.18842409551143646,
0.30077770352363586,
0.34407156705856323,
-0.7813432812690735,
0.27356916666030884,
-0.06872619688510895,
0.7574939727783203,
0.12502986192703247,
0.5142133235931396,
-0.49348434805870056,
-0.4579281210899353,
0.7201870679855347,
0.41502079367637634,
0.029576821252703667,
0.28268539905548096,
0.19454354047775269,
-0.20769841969013214,
-0.3906683325767517,
0.07693212479352951,
0.37789392471313477,
0.10116124898195267,
-0.2881963551044464,
-0.13396789133548737,
-0.27049997448921204,
0.3437137305736542,
0.6699396967887878,
-0.27164387702941895,
-0.6855100393295288,
-0.22792093455791473,
-0.07082436233758926,
0.5953572392463684,
0.6399497985839844,
0.028313547372817993,
-0.3467560112476349,
0.7980738878250122,
0.6695744395256042,
0.11962708830833435,
-0.6089842319488525,
-0.2981650233268738,
-1.4134821891784668,
-0.18896929919719696,
0.5894381403923035,
0.7790248990058899,
0.24168017506599426,
-0.18672297894954681,
-0.6141064167022705,
-0.6976940631866455,
0.34029844403266907,
0.10964937508106232,
-0.7724063396453857,
-0.32667478919029236,
-0.29835331439971924,
-0.4508107602596283,
-0.20061057806015015,
0.12929591536521912,
-0.7174139022827148,
0.3465844392776489,
0.6816144585609436,
0.3246406614780426,
0.5610682964324951,
-0.5243987441062927,
-0.4029419422149658,
0.3129562437534332,
-0.6228665709495544,
-0.027102597057819366,
0.34335482120513916,
-0.29046547412872314,
0.0271699707955122,
-0.44729849696159363,
-4.659931659698486,
0.45419150590896606,
-0.5530288219451904,
-0.727304995059967,
0.3004153072834015,
-1.0078253746032715,
0.07004266232252121,
-0.2577883005142212,
0.0699487254023552,
0.21136336028575897,
-0.1039123609662056,
-0.27631720900535583,
0.1574687510728836,
0.7507112622261047,
0.5689612627029419,
0.2729892432689667,
1.0420035123825073,
-0.535186231136322,
0.2657155692577362,
0.3481243848800659,
-0.09878451377153397,
0.5918732285499573,
-0.3344041407108307,
0.3585893213748932,
0.17499318718910217,
1.070104718208313,
-0.2734389901161194,
-0.210151806473732,
-0.8707333207130432,
-0.12147369235754013,
0.3279849886894226,
-0.24184447526931763,
-0.7932115197181702,
-0.35532650351524353,
0.3099040687084198,
0.35151562094688416,
0.008885196410119534,
-0.6982191205024719,
0.7911543250083923,
-0.13874931633472443,
0.3838295042514801,
-0.03589029237627983,
-0.818581223487854,
-0.040042608976364136,
0.02658902294933796,
-0.41914352774620056,
-0.8675752878189087,
-0.15258774161338806,
0.035045552998781204,
0.9598272442817688,
0.15086331963539124,
0.4182521402835846,
0.8562639355659485,
-0.19565966725349426,
0.3039102256298065,
0.15052251517772675,
0.27187854051589966,
0.531685471534729,
-0.46340271830558777,
0.5354790687561035,
-0.16379734873771667,
-0.42621681094169617,
0.012648864649236202,
0.24418848752975464,
0.17086951434612274,
-0.7107895612716675,
0.25838130712509155,
0.5788376927375793,
0.3203642666339874,
0.16237130761146545,
0.20793016254901886,
0.28822842240333557,
-0.5331345200538635,
-0.9229606986045837,
0.4740699231624603,
-1.0152612924575806,
-0.3841876685619354,
-0.16724815964698792,
-0.2814568281173706,
-0.08714468032121658,
0.06130385771393776,
0.43085628747940063,
0.661726176738739,
0.6228157877922058,
0.24871046841144562,
-0.4422525465488434,
0.11639434844255447,
-0.25292864441871643,
0.13989375531673431,
-1.1821863651275635,
0.9117063879966736,
-0.4429818093776703,
0.6869111657142639,
-0.2775512933731079,
-0.2651083171367645,
0.3034628629684448,
0.6287187933921814,
0.2228280007839203,
-0.6241992712020874,
-0.4573323130607605,
0.4039068818092346,
-0.5288941264152527,
-0.2938310205936432,
-0.7521266341209412,
-0.3906784653663635,
-0.741748571395874,
-0.06144886463880539,
0.5978301167488098,
0.7486819624900818,
-0.7000849843025208,
-0.428650438785553,
0.5932831168174744,
-0.4508126378059387,
-0.22205165028572083,
0.42679959535598755,
0.1567106395959854,
-0.5031585097312927,
0.6987864375114441,
0.15679830312728882,
0.4335913360118866,
0.4415464401245117,
0.17782147228717804,
-0.09002292901277542,
-0.1281045824289322,
-0.2422010600566864,
0.094675712287426,
0.45959237217903137,
-0.024839553982019424,
-0.12869584560394287,
-0.03699137642979622,
-0.42383673787117004,
-0.35815897583961487,
-0.8268386125564575,
0.3305932283401489,
-0.48880764842033386,
-0.44766297936439514,
-0.5389547944068909,
-0.9290255308151245,
0.4042598009109497,
0.25024664402008057,
0.30800169706344604,
0.6669808030128479,
-0.8426201939582825,
0.7833092212677002,
-0.13341106474399567,
0.6739198565483093,
0.20448040962219238,
-0.09864094853401184,
-0.6601293087005615,
0.42269840836524963,
-0.44921863079071045,
-0.4545406401157379,
-0.11021723598241806,
-0.8521952629089355,
-0.04995732381939888,
0.012411700561642647,
0.2557086646556854,
0.6194713115692139,
0.5270572900772095,
-0.266232967376709,
0.32402968406677246,
-0.27672696113586426,
-0.9557535648345947,
0.6421724557876587,
-0.2219206690788269,
-0.18044018745422363,
-0.14640210568904877,
-0.18694031238555908,
-0.6590480208396912,
0.3751257359981537,
0.5970582365989685,
-0.02551651932299137,
0.17107465863227844,
0.1157597228884697,
0.1191362589597702,
-0.3077545762062073,
-0.3333379924297333,
0.64435875415802,
0.5990543365478516,
0.29169416427612305,
-0.33238381147384644,
-0.6620650887489319,
-0.9055339097976685,
-0.08202443271875381,
-0.0009670715080574155,
-0.37621909379959106,
-0.052207011729478836,
-0.11062861979007721,
0.39424222707748413,
0.08096983283758163,
0.02775253914296627,
-0.25774383544921875,
0.3756600618362427,
-0.07368656992912292,
0.03043006919324398,
-1.149692177772522,
0.31052735447883606,
0.38529014587402344,
-0.735788881778717,
-0.8052580952644348,
0.14941221475601196,
0.11741381883621216,
-0.7384448647499084,
0.15452277660369873,
0.28518399596214294,
-0.8372319340705872,
0.6108716726303101,
0.5479165315628052,
-0.8684822916984558,
0.988411545753479,
0.07215040922164917,
-0.8101534843444824,
0.8711846470832825,
0.36467570066452026,
-0.01689734496176243,
0.14553439617156982,
0.560894787311554,
0.39860212802886963,
-0.616367518901825,
-0.5399062633514404,
-0.4434531331062317,
-0.3529861271381378,
-0.37145546078681946,
-0.41540998220443726,
-0.5191444158554077,
-0.1986985206604004,
0.732659637928009,
-0.2443852573633194,
0.5048301815986633,
-0.5054846405982971,
0.12288383394479752,
0.3670075535774231,
0.33229532837867737,
0.3347947895526886,
0.35472699999809265,
0.7128294706344604,
0.05015915632247925,
0.051574982702732086,
0.1438157856464386,
-0.4239891767501831,
0.1307324320077896,
1.0342851877212524,
0.44218960404396057,
-0.7479239702224731,
-0.3130308985710144,
0.19317185878753662,
0.25262874364852905,
-0.0048906756564974785,
-1.1135492324829102,
0.6922873258590698,
1.072311520576477,
-0.12190516293048859,
-0.5800766348838806,
-0.12746448814868927,
0.6481728553771973,
-0.6214626431465149,
0.07305675745010376,
0.427781879901886,
-0.04456131160259247,
0.1249246746301651,
0.47103485465049744,
0.6283596158027649,
0.3773846924304962,
0.2457122802734375,
0.2667281925678253,
-0.40516898036003113,
-0.09292599558830261,
-1.0280100107192993,
0.5862536430358887,
-1.0415685176849365,
0.06545305997133255,
-0.26124364137649536,
-0.17654038965702057,
0.1674586981534958,
-0.39882445335388184,
0.16894099116325378,
-0.1880207508802414,
-0.9458267688751221,
-0.4414868950843811,
0.30029550194740295,
-0.7265075445175171,
-0.09003809839487076,
0.19469580054283142,
-0.3305569291114807,
0.2861589193344116,
-0.8913202881813049,
-0.6187849044799805,
-0.15175999701023102,
-1.1309996843338013,
-0.25531020760536194,
-0.7429658770561218,
-0.17751827836036682,
0.01596074365079403,
-1.2312443256378174,
-0.11883849650621414,
0.23732639849185944,
0.4257058799266815,
0.4433985650539398,
-0.7402390837669373,
0.07409229129552841,
-0.28420090675354004,
1.0761672258377075,
-0.11608882993459702,
-0.4945032298564911,
0.15318723022937775,
-0.3349149227142334,
-0.4846167266368866,
-0.6913225054740906,
0.23461268842220306,
-0.016010992228984833,
0.22642919421195984,
0.06440898030996323,
0.255757600069046,
0.44155994057655334,
-0.603959858417511,
0.17932939529418945,
0.20399144291877747,
-0.2827712297439575,
-0.3432055413722992,
0.6989501118659973,
-0.6732069849967957,
-0.9226378202438354,
0.7352872490882874,
0.33638277649879456,
-0.1448177546262741,
1.1165494918823242,
-0.3722943067550659,
0.3724466860294342,
0.4097793996334076,
0.5778325796127319,
-0.02343693934381008,
-0.7358083128929138,
-0.11696555465459824,
0.19377045333385468,
-1.0896250009536743,
-0.052760034799575806,
-0.14744113385677338,
-0.71029132604599,
-0.6612116098403931,
0.029308514669537544,
-0.02821577526628971,
0.14145058393478394,
0.0851723849773407,
-0.023912109434604645,
0.36041778326034546,
-0.2455068826675415,
0.022495541721582413,
-0.07749489694833755,
0.287482351064682,
-0.6987299919128418,
0.049414895474910736,
-0.46977710723876953,
-0.14956004917621613,
-0.07126567512750626,
-0.4125734567642212,
-0.2507711350917816,
0.4895838499069214,
-0.4863249957561493,
-0.5159173011779785,
0.5475665926933289,
-0.03762673959136009,
-1.0325554609298706,
0.8322533369064331,
0.24767126142978668,
0.12663614749908447,
-0.3486256003379822,
0.34708938002586365,
-0.7790955305099487,
-0.1445940136909485,
0.3398574888706207,
0.12366635352373123,
0.5830046534538269,
0.10555732250213623,
0.30234086513519287,
0.6581332683563232,
0.5309519171714783,
0.1753937304019928,
0.8626128435134888,
0.01655424013733864,
0.3339616656303406,
-0.3475903570652008,
0.580701470375061,
-0.698538601398468,
-0.3025508224964142,
0.2624320387840271,
-0.546803891658783,
0.07117419689893723,
0.2707020342350006,
-0.6039034724235535,
-0.7577458620071411,
0.12362758815288544,
-0.23685535788536072,
-1.2606244087219238,
-0.4980818033218384,
0.4084509611129761,
-0.06359312683343887,
0.2052532136440277,
0.8501174449920654,
0.738457202911377,
0.44253790378570557,
0.4813917577266693,
-0.22885124385356903,
1.1395983695983887,
0.38128912448883057,
-0.016207655891776085,
0.29682937264442444,
-0.7119203209877014,
0.22689107060432434,
-0.6704266667366028,
0.37911373376846313,
-0.09493127465248108,
0.42593467235565186,
-0.07043734937906265,
1.138378381729126,
-0.5436276197433472,
-0.0535723902285099,
0.5435267090797424,
0.0213700570166111,
-0.11495021730661392,
-0.2813361585140228,
-0.3369656801223755,
-0.9161854982376099,
0.36519524455070496,
0.5797825455665588,
0.016197994351387024,
-0.3303961753845215,
-0.0902179628610611,
0.14009889960289001,
-0.8320834040641785,
0.5051829814910889,
-0.10592486709356308,
-1.0096261501312256,
0.21489831805229187,
0.06763237714767456,
-0.7694064378738403,
-0.6065812706947327,
-0.40584853291511536,
1.192562222480774,
-0.21625912189483643,
-0.10995993763208389,
0.4795401394367218,
-0.020853038877248764,
-0.07634176313877106,
0.5983541011810303,
0.8582050800323486,
0.31607481837272644,
-0.7453389167785645,
-0.9928058385848999,
-0.20992077887058258,
0.5171001553535461,
0.11528664827346802,
-0.03312522917985916,
0.004792883992195129,
-0.056463953107595444,
0.4701015055179596,
0.06515630334615707,
0.7929632663726807,
-0.6410167217254639,
0.48731228709220886,
0.3784210979938507
]
|
123534 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberton%2C%20Montana | Alberton, Montana | Alberton is a town in Mineral County, Montana, United States. The population was 452 at the 2020 census. Alberton was the location of a major chlorine chemical release in 1996. Alberton is the home of Northwest Indian Bible School, a Bible-training institution founded and operated by the Allegheny Wesleyan Methodist Connection (Original Allegheny Conference).
History
A post office called Alberton has been in operation since 1909. The town was named for Albert J. Earling, president of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad.
On April 11, 1996, a Montana Rail Link train carrying chlorine derailed near Alberton.
Three hundred fifty people were injured by chlorine inhalation. One thousand people were evacuated from Alberton and from Frenchtown. Interstate 90 was shut down for nineteen days. The incident has been described as "the largest chemical spill from a train in United States history."
Geography
Alberton is located at (47.003546, -114.477977). It is on Interstate 90 at exit 75. The Clark Fork River is to the south.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and is water.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 420 people, 190 households, and 113 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 202 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 96.0% White, 1.0% African American, 0.7% Native American, 0.2% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.
There were 190 households, of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.3% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.5% were non-families. 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.81.
The median age in the town was 43.3 years. 19% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.8% were from 25 to 44; 30.1% were from 45 to 64; and 17.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 53.1% male and 46.9% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 374 people, 152 households, and 108 families residing in the town. The population density was 652.7 people per square mile (253.3/km²). There were 175 housing units at an average density of 305.4 per square mile (118.5/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.59% White, 0.27% African American, 1.07% Native American, 0.27% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.53% of the population.
There were 152 households, out of which 35.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.5% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.3% were non-families. 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.0% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 32.1% from 25 to 44, 26.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 96.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.7 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $26,000, and the median income for a family was $26,500. Males had a median income of $24,792 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,120. About 19.6% of families and 19.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.2% of those under age 18 and 3.7% of those age 65 or over.
Climate
Alberton has a cool-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb).
Education
Alberton School began as a wooden, one room school house in the early 1900s. In 1916, a fire burned down the original school. In 1920, a new brick building was built; this later became the elementary school building. The brick building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The current high school building is 50 feet from the elementary building and is roughly octagonal in shape. Both buildings have two stories and are connected by a tunnel. The school's mascot is the Panthers and they have football, volleyball, boys and girls basketball and track and field on campus. The school also participates in wrestling, tennis and golf as part of cooperatives with other schools in the area. The school transferred from eight-man to six-man football in 2010.
A branch of the Mineral County Public Library is in Alberton.
Arts and culture
The town celebrates its railroad heritage each year with "Alberton's Railroad Day", held the third Saturday in July. July 18, 2015 marked the 30th anniversary of this community event. There is a home-town parade, petting zoo, railroad car tour, wool spinning circle, western melodrama, family games like Hunt for the Golden Spike and music from local artists. Vendors showcase their artistic talents using local rocks, minerals, and other wildcrafting materials. Educational activities are sponsored by the Alberton Community Foundation).
See also
List of municipalities in Montana
References
External links
Towns in Mineral County, Montana | [
0.024670198559761047,
1.1437734365463257,
0.24853843450546265,
-0.06669500470161438,
0.15934056043624878,
0.07825608551502228,
0.9868964552879333,
0.5054864883422852,
-0.05576957017183304,
-0.016121041029691696,
0.043419674038887024,
0.3722471296787262,
-0.23081368207931519,
0.7143269181251526,
-0.362464040517807,
0.09868571907281876,
-0.029148438945412636,
0.8443704843521118,
0.45200103521347046,
-0.20226064324378967,
0.2172544151544571,
-0.8379997611045837,
0.20530028641223907,
-0.047074057161808014,
0.21479840576648712,
0.24062417447566986,
0.595233142375946,
0.3895569443702698,
-0.32660019397735596,
-0.16448722779750824,
-0.04847495257854462,
0.628125786781311,
-0.4624457359313965,
-0.5578881502151489,
-0.31543534994125366,
-0.18144787847995758,
0.8618658781051636,
-0.09012933075428009,
-0.09519164264202118,
-0.5262735486030579,
-0.13532884418964386,
0.00025641528191044927,
0.25058916211128235,
0.08130111545324326,
-0.23195502161979675,
-0.4966690242290497,
-0.7349751591682434,
0.49861663579940796,
-0.6541913151741028,
0.04723740741610527,
-1.2359768152236938,
-0.30737563967704773,
-0.03252742812037468,
0.05095980688929558,
0.5418217778205872,
0.690995454788208,
-0.447030246257782,
0.40476563572883606,
0.276300311088562,
-0.0896448940038681,
-0.26680073142051697,
0.43770578503608704,
0.4480452835559845,
-0.20173637568950653,
-0.5587643384933472,
0.10867875069379807,
-0.16017064452171326,
0.23510247468948364,
0.11015412956476212,
-0.538286030292511,
0.08536136150360107,
-0.5038004517555237,
-0.5858508348464966,
0.48354771733283997,
0.47959017753601074,
0.5503854751586914,
-0.6201274394989014,
0.2012828141450882,
-0.5643357634544373,
-0.2603458762168884,
0.33211785554885864,
-0.15362043678760529,
0.2664162218570709,
-0.5556592345237732,
0.00809492077678442,
-0.1855139285326004,
-0.7252212166786194,
-0.041475143283605576,
0.05920199677348137,
0.4987848103046417,
-0.7406197190284729,
-0.5687902569770813,
-0.12389767169952393,
-0.10447011888027191,
0.09266157448291779,
-0.09428910166025162,
0.022694014012813568,
0.1106971949338913,
-0.655890941619873,
0.3449327349662781,
0.3993213474750519,
0.4729636311531067,
1.3246725797653198,
-0.29927659034729004,
-0.41759732365608215,
-0.96164870262146,
-0.9833287596702576,
-0.14492647349834442,
0.08805198967456818,
-0.37531402707099915,
-0.846611738204956,
0.36213219165802,
-0.20726333558559418,
-0.9514351487159729,
-0.8182575702667236,
0.6544346213340759,
0.3238850235939026,
-0.36485880613327026,
-0.16133007407188416,
-0.4156492352485657,
0.7443646192550659,
0.5167494416236877,
-0.556169867515564,
-0.04117130488157272,
-0.5806110501289368,
0.166873499751091,
0.07355288416147232,
-0.3887958526611328,
0.09248851239681244,
0.5370862483978271,
-1.1722384691238403,
0.5689324140548706,
-0.021665772423148155,
0.026148658245801926,
0.15336649119853973,
-0.8336946964263916,
-0.1738925576210022,
-0.4732567369937897,
0.4713994264602661,
0.39324691891670227,
-0.43553370237350464,
-0.11349154263734818,
-0.4600338935852051,
-0.2727357745170593,
0.5955003499984741,
-0.23600122332572937,
-0.09488734602928162,
-0.9179556965827942,
0.3645482361316681,
0.10750409960746765,
-0.3945637345314026,
-0.302009642124176,
0.7485260367393494,
0.8937689661979675,
0.3581107258796692,
0.2715299427509308,
0.8047738075256348,
0.27444106340408325,
0.6808119416236877,
0.40433448553085327,
0.543959379196167,
0.9753085374832153,
0.8672831058502197,
0.31717559695243835,
0.9261256456375122,
-0.17031218111515045,
0.3226749300956726,
-0.07461521774530411,
0.2610302269458771,
-0.0013459088513627648,
-0.28016191720962524,
0.37091994285583496,
0.8784516453742981,
-0.4016041159629822,
0.21060805022716522,
-0.39148518443107605,
0.4708055257797241,
0.1871473342180252,
-0.2141265720129013,
-0.11354710161685944,
-0.9780542850494385,
0.2632361352443695,
-0.12826406955718994,
-0.006126427091658115,
-0.04325307533144951,
0.1458025574684143,
0.34588709473609924,
-0.24170291423797607,
-0.5522539019584656,
-0.7929145097732544,
-0.5872507691383362,
-0.9174563884735107,
0.6934174299240112,
-0.5009276270866394,
0.6344524025917053,
0.18928377330303192,
-0.2331128567457199,
0.2755601406097412,
-0.32992950081825256,
0.471401184797287,
-0.26595810055732727,
-0.14565138518810272,
0.5910608768463135,
-0.16251163184642792,
-0.4788382649421692,
0.23484747111797333,
0.4259491264820099,
0.11485499888658524,
0.6252612471580505,
1.202523946762085,
0.4829103350639343,
-0.5374063849449158,
0.012298690155148506,
0.6661210060119629,
-0.7824844121932983,
0.020937109366059303,
-0.213720440864563,
0.10746828466653824,
0.30396801233291626,
-0.45363929867744446,
0.427568256855011,
0.5477171540260315,
-0.3378364145755768,
0.14061014354228973,
-0.14204531908035278,
0.30971452593803406,
0.8457278609275818,
0.43763065338134766,
-0.4769638776779175,
0.006218371447175741,
0.7838830947875977,
-0.18456952273845673,
0.6553205251693726,
-0.19441291689872742,
-0.13326789438724518,
-0.11792280524969101,
-0.08415243774652481,
-0.2675228714942932,
0.9548846483230591,
-0.6310377717018127,
-0.5600011944770813,
0.374456524848938,
-0.09860239177942276,
0.6543375253677368,
0.5652381777763367,
0.776299238204956,
0.20538237690925598,
-0.014601721428334713,
-0.05843251943588257,
-0.6168822050094604,
0.41475385427474976,
0.13494041562080383,
0.5905454754829407,
-0.2007053792476654,
0.0055785211734473705,
0.027915190905332565,
-0.1739107221364975,
-0.24545295536518097,
0.3529069721698761,
0.09543272852897644,
-0.22897663712501526,
0.4568404257297516,
-0.31412890553474426,
0.148717001080513,
0.3577122688293457,
-0.8311936259269714,
-0.3857612609863281,
-0.6412792801856995,
-0.12660537660121918,
0.5538533329963684,
0.5250367522239685,
-0.0036552399396896362,
-0.5364037156105042,
-0.020462345331907272,
1.0898895263671875,
0.4508911371231079,
-0.873791515827179,
-0.2934369146823883,
-1.0331259965896606,
0.19958804547786713,
0.3379369378089905,
1.0222234725952148,
-0.1032399982213974,
-0.18678298592567444,
-0.33235836029052734,
-0.3703078627586365,
0.7425211071968079,
-0.43792474269866943,
-0.20366260409355164,
-0.1841682344675064,
0.2660014033317566,
-0.22801163792610168,
-0.4304100573062897,
0.404371440410614,
-0.5615050196647644,
-0.15219071507453918,
0.5742810964584351,
-0.03276233747601509,
0.4401395618915558,
-0.9474700093269348,
-0.49333494901657104,
0.3226715624332428,
-1.1515802145004272,
0.14339841902256012,
-0.4010664224624634,
0.1050737276673317,
0.3756019175052643,
-0.7615534067153931,
-4.500580310821533,
0.2532669007778168,
-0.4518101215362549,
-0.8585789799690247,
-0.13951842486858368,
-0.4387913644313812,
0.18874548375606537,
-0.6920284628868103,
-0.6420971751213074,
0.569665789604187,
-0.23130130767822266,
-0.23880504071712494,
0.3080369234085083,
1.090930700302124,
0.8241358995437622,
0.24011605978012085,
0.21391057968139648,
-0.2958953380584717,
0.365186870098114,
0.6280441880226135,
-0.343895822763443,
0.5104138851165771,
0.0930309146642685,
0.2821321487426758,
0.8035358786582947,
0.9134281873703003,
-0.05846347287297249,
-0.5994841456413269,
-0.5993360280990601,
-0.16138620674610138,
0.421514093875885,
0.10286113619804382,
-0.6273890137672424,
-0.15120533108711243,
-0.1969844400882721,
-0.47691863775253296,
0.4650825560092926,
-0.41474291682243347,
0.7430964708328247,
-0.44198697805404663,
0.08062821626663208,
0.09356509894132614,
-0.1563563048839569,
0.16153334081172943,
0.7589263916015625,
-0.0232181828469038,
-0.5487319231033325,
-0.29658523201942444,
0.2532753348350525,
1.010725736618042,
0.583019495010376,
0.5633902549743652,
1.2097184658050537,
0.12868686020374298,
0.23072579503059387,
-0.05480277165770531,
0.3399234116077423,
0.11676273494958878,
-0.6754995584487915,
0.3896293640136719,
-0.1362133026123047,
-0.6990920305252075,
0.1041702926158905,
-0.04086963087320328,
0.21115954220294952,
-0.4713786840438843,
0.5178987383842468,
0.04182172939181328,
0.356484591960907,
-0.17179784178733826,
0.15874354541301727,
0.5553172826766968,
-0.576633095741272,
-0.5745171904563904,
0.20065362751483917,
-0.47985830903053284,
-0.22003190219402313,
0.3486144542694092,
-0.8250738978385925,
-0.5225850343704224,
0.07913649827241898,
-0.06202441826462746,
0.3920513987541199,
0.45237740874290466,
0.42170220613479614,
-0.6993096470832825,
0.1841709464788437,
0.11951801925897598,
0.007764328271150589,
-0.8131000399589539,
0.8558402061462402,
0.05737653747200966,
0.49628981947898865,
-0.7375758290290833,
-0.11509160697460175,
0.36298486590385437,
0.7550163269042969,
-0.11587103456258774,
0.23709437251091003,
-0.3666191101074219,
0.06336309015750885,
-0.2901812195777893,
0.23791314661502838,
-0.3003254532814026,
-0.7568570375442505,
-0.31669995188713074,
0.004223580937832594,
0.1383017599582672,
0.9180338382720947,
-0.8225392699241638,
-0.6577662229537964,
-0.22353495657444,
-0.4688357412815094,
0.2880341410636902,
0.057205233722925186,
0.18805082142353058,
-0.18826860189437866,
0.20026510953903198,
0.8750334978103638,
0.40123099088668823,
0.03725964576005936,
-0.4787493050098419,
-0.6631978154182434,
0.3410501778125763,
-0.4562857151031494,
0.09045188128948212,
0.6103247404098511,
0.07010513544082642,
-0.02359446883201599,
-0.09976261109113693,
-0.5717220306396484,
-0.3724779784679413,
-0.7946587800979614,
-0.18426953256130219,
-0.14311572909355164,
0.06709442287683487,
-0.6207356452941895,
-0.8000537753105164,
0.34344491362571716,
0.22921666502952576,
0.4716968536376953,
0.3836953639984131,
-0.3552534580230713,
1.0760834217071533,
-0.47977522015571594,
0.6120172142982483,
0.6507274508476257,
-0.1276138871908188,
-0.8310645818710327,
0.5928571820259094,
-0.7268640995025635,
-0.357425332069397,
0.08316561579704285,
-0.6256388425827026,
0.2933040261268616,
0.3684174716472626,
0.07312057167291641,
0.5967876315116882,
-0.3505420684814453,
0.09794488549232483,
0.3807680606842041,
-0.07907752692699432,
-0.6304073929786682,
0.8607087731361389,
0.09595752507448196,
-0.13625234365463257,
-0.20731723308563232,
-0.07838916033506393,
-0.7219250798225403,
0.522911548614502,
0.45077431201934814,
-0.4961215555667877,
-0.36419567465782166,
-0.163519948720932,
0.8102245330810547,
-0.10754028707742691,
-0.08672279119491577,
0.7373700737953186,
0.4757559895515442,
0.016067026183009148,
0.21375815570354462,
-0.2745019495487213,
-0.5132326483726501,
-0.20576010644435883,
-0.10659912973642349,
-0.6478336453437805,
-0.6348986029624939,
-0.30037716031074524,
0.25359973311424255,
0.14252224564552307,
0.19742609560489655,
0.19648393988609314,
0.1120217964053154,
-0.30749616026878357,
-0.2699911892414093,
-1.1334222555160522,
0.24739326536655426,
-0.17488844692707062,
-0.09433282166719437,
-0.7793092131614685,
0.8690896034240723,
0.016707122325897217,
-0.22439591586589813,
-0.0006410325295291841,
-0.06070190295577049,
-0.8478572368621826,
0.8571103811264038,
0.8400788903236389,
-0.9248820543289185,
1.3002287149429321,
-0.12707741558551788,
-1.1174029111862183,
0.8485311269760132,
0.5592182874679565,
0.18209141492843628,
0.7037473320960999,
0.36732587218284607,
0.5231499075889587,
-0.6598537564277649,
0.21379072964191437,
-0.3888641893863678,
0.16800342500209808,
0.0047936649061739445,
-0.5814103484153748,
-0.7629613280296326,
0.1328115612268448,
0.14838893711566925,
-0.18264561891555786,
0.5900853276252747,
-1.1451923847198486,
0.07677369564771652,
0.46952301263809204,
-0.19723449647426605,
0.4087298512458801,
0.16911299526691437,
0.15684156119823456,
-0.4681677222251892,
0.07572740316390991,
0.5811833143234253,
-0.21694988012313843,
0.14954349398612976,
1.3274825811386108,
0.5534212589263916,
-0.02459179051220417,
-0.783851146697998,
0.2547677755355835,
0.03719422221183777,
-0.2665403485298157,
-1.1358717679977417,
0.952173113822937,
0.7620151042938232,
-0.2682531476020813,
-1.2780920267105103,
-0.05659559369087219,
1.047238826751709,
-0.3483522832393646,
-0.14087019860744476,
1.3441267013549805,
-0.20911549031734467,
0.4005029797554016,
0.13381029665470123,
0.5171670317649841,
0.04893198981881142,
0.17568404972553253,
0.5994889736175537,
-0.2944907546043396,
0.10029161721467972,
-0.4729628264904022,
0.5332701802253723,
-0.956098198890686,
-0.2121811956167221,
-0.4295417368412018,
0.8406478762626648,
-0.3257262408733368,
-0.29794347286224365,
-0.10579324513673782,
-0.029643967747688293,
-1.004183292388916,
-0.8407279253005981,
-0.27777352929115295,
-0.3663901686668396,
-0.07494214922189713,
0.42622312903404236,
-0.06196700036525726,
0.0015329200541600585,
-0.921964168548584,
-0.6548229455947876,
0.162282794713974,
-0.9539886116981506,
0.20168404281139374,
-0.4247981011867523,
-0.2473578006029129,
0.29941681027412415,
-0.5199072360992432,
0.20358794927597046,
0.16306348145008087,
0.07069259136915207,
0.16838084161281586,
-1.1516056060791016,
0.12729106843471527,
-0.5355749726295471,
1.1714166402816772,
0.06966014206409454,
-0.6256661415100098,
0.25042271614074707,
-0.06559790670871735,
-0.42981988191604614,
-0.7853020429611206,
0.028887223452329636,
0.18180498480796814,
0.02435823157429695,
-0.0014095043297857046,
-0.060168128460645676,
0.7342836856842041,
-0.35649141669273376,
0.3880231976509094,
0.09670110791921616,
-0.5976232886314392,
-0.32154005765914917,
0.4821934998035431,
-0.8218393325805664,
0.2350853979587555,
0.5378809571266174,
0.7478395700454712,
-0.18796329200267792,
0.6223570704460144,
-0.3182320296764374,
0.2687821686267853,
-0.0024057517293840647,
0.3945685625076294,
-0.18564069271087646,
-0.8624150156974792,
-0.35129308700561523,
0.015581284649670124,
-0.9420135021209717,
-0.24038614332675934,
0.3931395411491394,
-0.5420880317687988,
-0.6134732365608215,
0.37805452942848206,
0.12222451716661453,
0.2838508188724518,
0.02677193097770214,
-0.008156492374837399,
0.4904923141002655,
-0.3759087026119232,
0.08223730325698853,
0.6342108249664307,
0.41866835951805115,
-0.3786170184612274,
-0.1790062040090561,
-0.165706068277359,
0.15142925083637238,
-0.9757639765739441,
-0.8929176926612854,
0.005953912623226643,
-0.33479776978492737,
-0.5820272564888,
-0.4429170489311218,
0.1980225294828415,
-0.30766546726226807,
-0.9624586701393127,
0.21702808141708374,
-0.03472914546728134,
0.17003220319747925,
-0.564243733882904,
0.3085791766643524,
-0.35269442200660706,
0.03375238552689552,
1.1261297464370728,
0.4507283866405487,
0.2809532582759857,
0.2965904176235199,
0.3326723277568817,
-0.08311813324689865,
0.22453248500823975,
0.3102034032344818,
0.15466395020484924,
-0.419786274433136,
0.3811897039413452,
-0.7916238903999329,
0.3080209493637085,
-0.6301719546318054,
-0.18795444071292877,
-0.021147139370441437,
-0.709291398525238,
0.09166955202817917,
0.05440716817975044,
-0.04973600432276726,
-0.5256634950637817,
0.06279941648244858,
-0.21182066202163696,
-0.3639383912086487,
0.019745852798223495,
0.12580612301826477,
-0.059645749628543854,
0.11497911065816879,
0.07391218841075897,
0.6374872326850891,
0.1708921492099762,
0.3225000500679016,
0.03042861819267273,
0.6627818942070007,
-0.5848336219787598,
0.35601192712783813,
0.2851526439189911,
0.24177418649196625,
0.35690242052078247,
-1.145904779434204,
0.4863499701023102,
-0.3539750576019287,
0.5737519860267639,
-0.08311782777309418,
0.9929759502410889,
-0.35624319314956665,
-0.46048280596733093,
0.16302435100078583,
-0.15263205766677856,
-0.2863009572029114,
-0.024786559864878654,
0.2751152813434601,
-1.0028376579284668,
0.80745929479599,
0.4603848159313202,
-0.5030178427696228,
-0.4788306653499603,
-0.01897997036576271,
-0.1642662137746811,
-0.4538646340370178,
0.3515806496143341,
0.04573079198598862,
-0.6158592104911804,
-0.07856371253728867,
-0.4156859815120697,
-0.4341696798801422,
-0.7756800651550293,
-0.6392014622688293,
1.681514024734497,
0.5018993616104126,
0.1699230670928955,
0.2126787304878235,
-0.31650856137275696,
0.22988556325435638,
0.20534546673297882,
0.48826858401298523,
0.34616735577583313,
-1.182629108428955,
-0.7222157120704651,
-0.7157230973243713,
0.5458674430847168,
0.08541937917470932,
-0.43259719014167786,
0.1304684579372406,
-0.46339336037635803,
0.18858438730239868,
-0.369335412979126,
0.5693153142929077,
-0.5641874670982361,
0.9009001851081848,
-0.05158199742436409
]
|
123535 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt%20Slocum | Matt Slocum | Matt Slocum (born 27 December 1972) is a guitarist, cellist, pianist and composer, known for his work as the principal songwriter and lead guitarist of Sixpence None the Richer.
Biography
Born in Rhode Island to Joseph and Hildegard Slocum, his family moved to New Braunfels, Texas, when he was eight months old, and opened a book store. In 1991, while a senior at New Braunfels High School, Slocum played guitar with Chris Taylor on a garage-band tape release called A Place to Hide Away (Part 1). He was a member of Love Coma, a Christian rock band, and in the early 1990s he met vocalist Leigh Bingham Nash while attending the same church in New Braunfels, Texas. Slocum and Leigh formed Sixpence None the Richer; he and Nash are the band's only constant members. He co-wrote, with Nash, the song "Nervous In the Light of Dawn" for Nash's debut solo album Blue on Blue.
In 2006, Slocum toured with the band The Choir, playing bass. He has also played guitar with Over the Rhine, and played bass in the band the Astronaut Pushers.
Slocum played cello on Viva Voce's first album, Hooray for Now. As studio guitarist and cellist, he has recorded on albums by artists Julie Miller, Plumb, Wes King, Switchfoot, Hammock, Lost Dogs, The Choir, Dividing the Plunder, Threefold, and Brooke Waggoner. He also appeared as cellist on the Chris Rice DVD Inside Out.
Discography
The Fatherless and the Widow (1994)
This Beautiful Mess (1995)
Sixpence None the Richer (1997)
Divine Discontent (2002)
The Dawn of Grace (2008)
Lost in Transition (2012)
References
1972 births
Living people
People from Nashville, Tennessee
Musicians from New Braunfels, Texas
Musicians from Nashville, Tennessee
People from New Braunfels, Texas | [
0.14817918837070465,
0.32550400495529175,
-0.2686530351638794,
0.10330073535442352,
-0.0633644387125969,
0.32134324312210083,
0.4707694947719574,
0.3789498805999756,
0.15667413175106049,
-0.3600221574306488,
-0.23589016497135162,
0.29695838689804077,
-0.042983077466487885,
0.08578941971063614,
0.4331892132759094,
0.10249881446361542,
0.4061080515384674,
-0.29477325081825256,
-0.1199166551232338,
-0.35560309886932373,
0.3882814049720764,
0.0979183241724968,
0.36592063307762146,
-0.231663778424263,
-0.0892876610159874,
0.6738298535346985,
-0.00022167233692016453,
-0.14346757531166077,
-0.2104308307170868,
-0.3250643014907837,
0.28955963253974915,
1.1397771835327148,
1.07014000415802,
-0.6577749848365784,
0.3035293221473694,
0.3978693187236786,
-0.14933393895626068,
-0.3985474109649658,
-0.45664945244789124,
-0.2764652967453003,
0.3194469213485718,
-0.2212948352098465,
-0.005433856509625912,
0.009511913172900677,
-0.03976142033934593,
-0.09433377534151077,
-0.7556450366973877,
0.20187227427959442,
-0.9557767510414124,
-0.7096632122993469,
-0.2165284901857376,
-0.1766069233417511,
-0.08531370013952255,
0.2171444594860077,
0.3646097481250763,
-0.3139462471008301,
-0.5338955521583557,
0.06729858368635178,
-0.1176338866353035,
-0.08510491997003555,
-0.36390388011932373,
-0.009243810549378395,
-0.24455784261226654,
-0.5578359961509705,
0.04854372888803482,
0.21081006526947021,
0.12565720081329346,
0.5960544347763062,
-0.10916418582201004,
-0.29506561160087585,
0.24834753572940826,
0.18557508289813995,
-0.41879352927207947,
0.008075268939137459,
0.23123840987682343,
0.32478946447372437,
0.5204492211341858,
0.12777172029018402,
0.04263775423169136,
0.8704644441604614,
-0.1263570785522461,
-0.04563123360276222,
1.240283489227295,
0.787319540977478,
0.035237181931734085,
0.09093137085437775,
0.08298972249031067,
0.39380210638046265,
-0.7748526930809021,
0.14880825579166412,
-0.3038967549800873,
-0.7991644144058228,
0.6863803267478943,
0.39931726455688477,
0.30575621128082275,
-0.5812916159629822,
0.32223641872406006,
-0.0063214958645403385,
0.200738787651062,
-0.16445448994636536,
0.07232911884784698,
0.18573053181171417,
-0.2157573401927948,
0.10992865264415741,
-0.1835634857416153,
0.39937999844551086,
0.002223542658612132,
-0.39893630146980286,
0.1101355329155922,
-0.20572596788406372,
0.26740729808807373,
0.06890705227851868,
-0.5250332355499268,
0.31322991847991943,
0.18676137924194336,
0.0976426899433136,
-0.0864025130867958,
-0.6533634662628174,
-0.6462291479110718,
0.0052702114917337894,
0.40181291103363037,
0.15209683775901794,
0.04854961857199669,
0.6137804388999939,
-0.6954958438873291,
-0.37139692902565,
0.12376593798398972,
-0.18234600126743317,
-0.06529407948255539,
0.44323721528053284,
0.057893071323633194,
0.6917138695716858,
0.05670992285013199,
-0.07342156767845154,
-0.4216505289077759,
-0.46351784467697144,
-0.17445755004882812,
-0.2851153016090393,
-0.25533097982406616,
0.3584108352661133,
-0.43579620122909546,
-0.29037216305732727,
-0.2960655987262726,
-0.7185633778572083,
-0.19328567385673523,
-0.0438414141535759,
0.09129386395215988,
0.12086454033851624,
0.034814801067113876,
-0.27746322751045227,
0.2745492458343506,
0.012048627249896526,
-0.6220363974571228,
-1.3572986125946045,
-0.45860230922698975,
-0.22792671620845795,
0.2776718735694885,
-0.1089802086353302,
-0.4361870288848877,
0.09661136567592621,
-0.24639803171157837,
0.0996742844581604,
0.04315415769815445,
-0.3727739751338959,
0.40141162276268005,
-0.07966241985559464,
0.07178574055433273,
0.33628079295158386,
-0.4053516685962677,
-0.01658528856933117,
0.1888439655303955,
0.38873839378356934,
0.3899713456630707,
-0.7758224606513977,
0.060714345425367355,
0.48980042338371277,
0.7383909821510315,
0.07790394127368927,
0.345477432012558,
-0.15727587044239044,
-0.48455649614334106,
-0.4382114112377167,
-0.0024590701796114445,
0.1094229444861412,
0.5435165166854858,
-0.038744259625673294,
-0.0729985237121582,
-0.3708323538303375,
0.5148109793663025,
-0.0314861498773098,
-1.0505353212356567,
-0.9403772354125977,
0.9880528450012207,
0.3882605731487274,
0.45279499888420105,
0.40286320447921753,
0.10712972283363342,
0.08913569897413254,
1.0221343040466309,
0.48554906249046326,
-0.49245941638946533,
-0.46349358558654785,
0.023684712126851082,
0.026446320116519928,
-0.871871829032898,
0.5673730373382568,
0.5031445622444153,
-0.4641784131526947,
-0.15909482538700104,
-0.005882532801479101,
0.13692627847194672,
-0.6898345351219177,
-0.06112125143408775,
0.527924656867981,
-0.8357017040252686,
-0.7624445557594299,
-0.4534132480621338,
0.39963093400001526,
0.3849214017391205,
-0.23621390759944916,
0.6289991736412048,
0.2090458869934082,
0.06644950062036514,
-0.03927198052406311,
-0.14192438125610352,
1.1047042608261108,
-0.12183022499084473,
0.205338716506958,
-0.029945453628897667,
-0.6069782972335815,
-0.2247799187898636,
0.03365899249911308,
-0.1609373539686203,
-0.5266348123550415,
-0.000932387076318264,
0.26843488216400146,
0.28858470916748047,
-0.6055787205696106,
0.7526112198829651,
-0.46291762590408325,
-0.04515455290675163,
0.15362878143787384,
-0.5241343379020691,
-0.27950626611709595,
-0.2538253962993622,
0.5186336040496826,
0.10808676481246948,
0.4830937087535858,
-0.3246110677719116,
0.7477113604545593,
0.20755654573440552,
0.19841596484184265,
0.19028997421264648,
-0.020950281992554665,
0.18205364048480988,
0.34873470664024353,
0.4187471866607666,
0.11150012910366058,
0.0821143239736557,
-0.1168983206152916,
0.052236661314964294,
0.012524809688329697,
0.3745724856853485,
-0.21694757044315338,
-0.26437893509864807,
-0.717178225517273,
-0.1333528310060501,
-0.3056904077529907,
0.33850300312042236,
-0.39318713545799255,
0.256122887134552,
-0.1272832602262497,
-0.4190233647823334,
0.9099612236022949,
0.278683066368103,
-0.10354901850223541,
0.34224748611450195,
-0.5127821564674377,
-0.17610861361026764,
-1.348402738571167,
0.5948264002799988,
1.1129884719848633,
-0.33247795701026917,
-0.05589936673641205,
-0.7621693015098572,
-0.27138328552246094,
0.18694663047790527,
0.3076561689376831,
0.4366185665130615,
-0.16619223356246948,
-0.26995211839675903,
0.8330106735229492,
-0.18452975153923035,
0.38997891545295715,
0.10102571547031403,
0.35021770000457764,
-0.07516974210739136,
-0.8241053819656372,
0.4268757104873657,
-0.2506956458091736,
-0.30151990056037903,
0.04206189885735512,
0.33505162596702576,
0.001015547546558082,
0.6514989733695984,
-0.030899373814463615,
-0.9469625949859619,
-0.3269205391407013,
-5.470330238342285,
0.4285949170589447,
-0.5651838183403015,
-0.20256005227565765,
0.548271656036377,
-0.043390341103076935,
0.3736985921859741,
-0.7110607028007507,
-0.14618892967700958,
-0.3496491611003876,
-0.7165112495422363,
0.14923900365829468,
0.022296257317066193,
0.4105532169342041,
0.5947862267494202,
-0.3313455581665039,
0.5703834891319275,
-0.7693687081336975,
0.3381236493587494,
0.38912642002105713,
-0.32105377316474915,
0.28300341963768005,
0.010904253460466862,
-0.27377811074256897,
-0.3178234398365021,
0.2913312315940857,
-0.38692811131477356,
0.44114482402801514,
-0.6636161208152771,
-0.014280663803219795,
-0.2873496115207672,
-0.2299819141626358,
-0.6813812851905823,
-0.2397851049900055,
-0.1622384488582611,
-0.39889389276504517,
0.314365416765213,
0.13336141407489777,
0.08072993159294128,
-0.019360506907105446,
0.5638994574546814,
0.08487816154956818,
-0.010846646502614021,
0.08527380973100662,
0.7126298546791077,
0.4890900254249573,
-0.9059658050537109,
-0.16322991251945496,
-0.2483600378036499,
0.46874210238456726,
0.7713958621025085,
-0.3814847469329834,
-0.4091125428676605,
0.22428230941295624,
-0.08431565761566162,
-0.20122456550598145,
0.6944314241409302,
-0.05640924721956253,
-0.7029818892478943,
0.3265697956085205,
0.16697674989700317,
-0.19062961637973785,
0.26526951789855957,
0.4263598918914795,
0.205402210354805,
-0.3468341529369354,
0.3275975286960602,
0.1925019770860672,
-0.14019116759300232,
0.41333726048469543,
0.3410594165325165,
-0.12205015867948532,
0.6309374570846558,
-1.1369978189468384,
-0.031008997932076454,
-0.4589519202709198,
0.022416751831769943,
0.6347123384475708,
-0.3114366829395294,
-0.16105744242668152,
-0.0978209599852562,
-0.6351780295372009,
0.23064671456813812,
-0.3694269359111786,
-0.04605204612016678,
-0.5073443651199341,
-0.326025128364563,
0.4591189920902252,
-0.1958184689283371,
-0.7371265292167664,
-0.15465056896209717,
-0.4724936783313751,
-0.021853597834706306,
-0.4403751492500305,
0.17804040014743805,
-0.21007892489433289,
-0.09914394468069077,
1.2472703456878662,
-0.03319445997476578,
1.0956206321716309,
0.31782883405685425,
-1.0207030773162842,
0.3076581358909607,
-0.878179669380188,
-0.2939322590827942,
0.23909913003444672,
0.1721467524766922,
-0.29571571946144104,
0.47363972663879395,
-0.15074552595615387,
0.48758968710899353,
0.45534059405326843,
-0.2641116678714752,
0.03960182145237923,
0.29206582903862,
-0.812542736530304,
-0.3838736414909363,
-0.2138954997062683,
0.14012360572814941,
0.4211673438549042,
-0.002504657255485654,
0.010935495607554913,
0.20017483830451965,
-0.025593768805265427,
-0.2586953938007355,
-0.062392521649599075,
0.2926633358001709,
-0.0335402749478817,
-0.10740303248167038,
0.21381495893001556,
-0.3228454291820526,
0.4458032250404358,
-0.2819872796535492,
-0.5050793290138245,
0.10973051935434341,
-0.6978945732116699,
-0.4824315309524536,
0.030789630487561226,
-0.13793429732322693,
0.17863890528678894,
0.49628928303718567,
-0.3012314736843109,
-0.013813749887049198,
0.1527232974767685,
0.5687735676765442,
0.22344505786895752,
0.18749572336673737,
-0.1950685679912567,
-0.5284051299095154,
0.21998310089111328,
0.43532100319862366,
-0.6371601819992065,
0.17763559520244598,
-0.5513454079627991,
0.07403817027807236,
0.8105117678642273,
-0.4846248924732208,
0.18159516155719757,
0.1349119246006012,
-0.2204277068376541,
0.2832348942756653,
-0.23256534337997437,
-1.3364284038543701,
-0.068069688975811,
0.21013601124286652,
0.2603200078010559,
-0.4911656081676483,
-0.6244065165519714,
-0.22530929744243622,
0.28199437260627747,
0.3368591070175171,
-0.36027416586875916,
-0.15146279335021973,
0.0901857316493988,
0.09785617887973785,
0.21287699043750763,
0.07098375260829926,
-0.8602941036224365,
0.04001682996749878,
0.02350851334631443,
-0.4520643949508667,
0.3624816834926605,
-0.655297577381134,
-0.1820739358663559,
0.2995521128177643,
-0.024474691599607468,
-0.6501315236091614,
0.0264638289809227,
0.3034382462501526,
0.21695859730243683,
-0.4746094346046448,
-0.3116641640663147,
0.22723506391048431,
0.04670312628149986,
0.08093653619289398,
-0.6783384084701538,
0.3589518368244171,
0.5022571682929993,
-0.6218647360801697,
-0.12203124165534973,
0.3006117045879364,
-0.03580339625477791,
-0.3645297884941101,
-0.14063137769699097,
0.48463204503059387,
-0.5928049087524414,
0.6600572466850281,
0.23002131283283234,
-0.5576015114784241,
0.5449116826057434,
-0.12210910022258759,
-0.374548077583313,
-0.032862771302461624,
0.4852331280708313,
-0.22753450274467468,
-0.5911628603935242,
0.23218177258968353,
-0.008665096014738083,
-0.6527867317199707,
-0.296400249004364,
-0.5049599409103394,
0.18002621829509735,
-0.12036968022584915,
0.14728198945522308,
-0.5870341658592224,
0.07181722670793533,
0.348955363035202,
-0.1107771098613739,
0.36447468400001526,
-0.49367988109588623,
-0.05762355029582977,
-0.05361809581518173,
0.25096946954727173,
1.0367368459701538,
0.05813337489962578,
0.2134421467781067,
-0.5065617561340332,
0.49803057312965393,
0.3025924563407898,
0.0027753692120313644,
0.8348811268806458,
0.631657063961029,
0.010997606441378593,
-0.2460848093032837,
-0.35891079902648926,
-0.2651206851005554,
0.574826717376709,
-0.03282542899250984,
-0.32079190015792847,
-0.14617499709129333,
0.627131998538971,
-0.15558011829853058,
-0.13259243965148926,
0.3044002056121826,
1.1639277935028076,
-0.7025591731071472,
0.17518344521522522,
-0.8523926734924316,
-0.0924750491976738,
0.43393656611442566,
0.032820653170347214,
-0.2213592529296875,
0.4501728117465973,
0.4950166642665863,
-0.17530092597007751,
-0.0905504822731018,
0.13625815510749817,
-0.5000854134559631,
-0.3851489722728729,
-0.4285685420036316,
-0.18089817464351654,
0.16011451184749603,
0.10408587753772736,
0.2527247369289398,
-0.4654843509197235,
0.16141468286514282,
0.03586782142519951,
-0.4919523298740387,
-0.057951584458351135,
-0.18472549319267273,
-0.6325477361679077,
0.22416967153549194,
-0.0340811163187027,
-0.4134984016418457,
0.24484263360500336,
0.06882822513580322,
0.09833495318889618,
-0.5507680773735046,
0.11579834669828415,
-0.11511572450399399,
-0.5466327667236328,
0.11335545033216476,
-0.42562541365623474,
0.39745885133743286,
-0.023359578102827072,
0.15248271822929382,
-0.024467334151268005,
0.13194963335990906,
0.055403027683496475,
0.40144312381744385,
-0.057706765830516815,
0.5096641778945923,
0.7332474589347839,
-0.2389986664056778,
0.29223671555519104,
0.16239133477210999,
-0.05974660441279411,
-0.454687237739563,
-0.07864208519458771,
-0.21989205479621887,
0.7238091826438904,
0.6690317392349243,
-0.15094974637031555,
0.6639120578765869,
-0.5124578475952148,
-0.0002484262513462454,
0.8395811319351196,
-0.2795277237892151,
0.4214704632759094,
0.5299338102340698,
-0.40718451142311096,
0.15341976284980774,
1.0255227088928223,
0.35877615213394165,
-0.07465867698192596,
0.7226132154464722,
0.5072335600852966,
-0.19118104875087738,
0.8435997366905212,
0.6297009587287903,
-0.38698527216911316,
-0.3433246314525604,
-0.1523091346025467,
0.3069186806678772,
-0.01259274035692215,
-0.38691791892051697,
-0.40539270639419556,
-0.15272806584835052,
-0.35437437891960144,
0.5631583333015442,
-0.14775152504444122,
0.05565521493554115,
-0.05294138938188553,
0.38981857895851135,
0.25303971767425537,
0.26880958676338196,
0.1502191573381424,
-0.05980364978313446,
-0.050447169691324234,
0.15014086663722992,
-0.11714886873960495,
0.06892707943916321,
0.31572988629341125,
-0.7657689452171326,
0.4024035334587097,
-0.32857856154441833,
0.7612202167510986,
-0.19826681911945343,
-0.8275659680366516,
-0.027713682502508163,
0.21890948712825775,
-0.4917658269405365,
0.3871747851371765,
0.08971672505140305,
-0.7836495041847229,
-0.5728146433830261,
-0.1921440064907074,
-0.4255672097206116,
0.04874071106314659,
0.17752957344055176,
0.5411986708641052,
0.38269442319869995,
-0.46197107434272766,
0.35128355026245117,
0.2904192805290222,
0.5035054087638855,
0.25810131430625916,
0.28437909483909607,
0.3320925235748291,
-0.006582873407751322,
-0.07371920347213745,
-0.4819222092628479,
0.1871262639760971,
-0.10147448629140854,
0.25951918959617615,
-0.3048790693283081,
-0.18201416730880737,
-0.348248690366745,
-0.49681568145751953,
-0.7074249982833862,
0.5210415720939636,
-0.939119279384613,
-0.28126975893974304,
0.264860600233078,
-0.7834494709968567,
-0.5330810546875,
0.04436453431844711,
0.790242612361908,
0.3688925802707672,
0.7503310441970825,
0.3473837077617645,
-0.1033627912402153,
0.3880158066749573,
0.07893413305282593,
-0.30693140625953674,
0.15826819837093353,
-0.5535123348236084,
-0.08179625123739243,
-0.5688729286193848,
0.6650057435035706,
0.41085028648376465,
-0.09835930168628693,
-0.5929620265960693,
-0.0038321863394230604,
0.22408750653266907,
0.06923748552799225,
0.15382350981235504,
0.06567905098199844,
0.34930890798568726,
-0.7188727855682373,
0.22785241901874542,
0.769382894039154,
0.7263956069946289,
-0.05416684225201607,
0.22901353240013123,
0.7878649830818176,
-0.18420258164405823,
0.029700834304094315,
-0.26665976643562317,
0.8533439636230469,
-0.8530832529067993,
-0.05584472417831421,
-0.7355002164840698,
-0.14788082242012024,
-0.02238207310438156,
-0.758537232875824,
0.714460551738739,
0.26496854424476624,
0.501653254032135,
-0.35057032108306885,
0.7017279267311096,
-0.24545827507972717,
-0.47034165263175964,
-0.20667807757854462,
-0.21158285439014435,
0.7271117568016052,
-0.35771891474723816,
0.21893160045146942,
-0.46201616525650024,
0.35162171721458435,
0.41684022545814514,
-0.5763318538665771,
0.26567670702934265,
-0.6605626344680786,
0.15245068073272705,
-0.5506337285041809,
-0.3065551519393921,
0.44984522461891174,
0.5497972369194031,
-0.44725218415260315
]
|
123536 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20Borgia%2C%20Montana | De Borgia, Montana | De Borgia is a census-designated place (CDP) in Mineral County, Montana, United States. The population was 69 at the 2000 census.
The town was named for the nearby river, which was named after Saint Regis DeBorgia, a Catholic missionary. The post office was established in 1900.
Geography
De Borgia is located at (47.373509, -115.340596). It is located on Interstate 90 with access via exit 18. The St. Regis River flows to the south.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, De Borgia has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 69 people, 34 households, and 24 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 12.1 people per square mile (4.7/km2). There were 42 housing units at an average density of 7.4 per square mile (2.8/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.65% White, and 4.35% from two or more races.
There were 34 households, out of which 11.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.7% were married couples living together, and 29.4% were non-families. 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.03 and the average family size was 2.33.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 11.6% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 20.3% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 36.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 54 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 117.9 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $22,917, and the median income for a family was $27,857. Males had a median income of $10,000 versus $0 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,791. There were 9.1% of families and 19.7% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 8.3% of those over 64.
References
Census-designated places in Mineral County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.021408790722489357,
0.4104667603969574,
0.5683327913284302,
0.3340017795562744,
0.48642319440841675,
0.016558147966861725,
0.9845123887062073,
0.36033228039741516,
-0.04389723017811775,
-0.18151848018169403,
-0.4258715808391571,
-0.055861227214336395,
-0.8539220094680786,
0.8852542042732239,
-0.3925454020500183,
0.43748873472213745,
0.12463074177503586,
0.36404532194137573,
0.7146815061569214,
-0.17060920596122742,
0.027160746976733208,
-0.5157979130744934,
0.2586674988269806,
0.6606985926628113,
-0.13846059143543243,
0.20828980207443237,
0.2081354707479477,
0.33279770612716675,
-0.3927166759967804,
0.2500610053539276,
0.1416405737400055,
0.6650924682617188,
-0.7745059728622437,
-0.3061842918395996,
-0.020406357944011688,
0.14487029612064362,
0.9875633120536804,
-0.34151673316955566,
0.10849761962890625,
-0.37961483001708984,
-0.1955183744430542,
0.01447329018265009,
0.03252580389380455,
0.31315863132476807,
0.0031009186059236526,
0.14756008982658386,
-1.1018105745315552,
0.6386489272117615,
-0.8650192618370056,
-0.6416664123535156,
-1.2412382364273071,
-0.23727570474147797,
0.31697359681129456,
0.0851621925830841,
0.2769763469696045,
0.4812602698802948,
-0.7841321229934692,
0.08891285955905914,
0.44986075162887573,
-0.3012016713619232,
-0.36042895913124084,
0.72539883852005,
0.5435265898704529,
-0.244927778840065,
-0.38154011964797974,
-0.27078595757484436,
-0.057245902717113495,
0.33618804812431335,
0.12819644808769226,
-0.8026912808418274,
-0.2591642737388611,
0.010311530902981758,
-0.10167431831359863,
0.3940635621547699,
0.2878466546535492,
0.3630867600440979,
-0.8158351182937622,
0.0693330243229866,
0.29814115166664124,
0.07732202857732773,
0.31241756677627563,
-0.273869127035141,
0.5240826606750488,
-0.4844684898853302,
0.13200107216835022,
0.18138505518436432,
-0.815248429775238,
-0.29742592573165894,
0.22305136919021606,
0.9068289399147034,
-0.8928013443946838,
-0.37039124965667725,
0.062457166612148285,
0.009410140104591846,
-0.061468493193387985,
-0.2021784484386444,
0.18541891872882843,
0.36458620429039,
-0.4315686821937561,
0.6057471036911011,
-0.1077711433172226,
0.027616476640105247,
0.8803086876869202,
-0.33088165521621704,
-0.4995397925376892,
-0.5874289870262146,
-1.162109136581421,
0.06481792032718658,
-0.17795981466770172,
-0.2882780432701111,
-0.7712770700454712,
0.5971769690513611,
-0.3906775414943695,
-0.4701305627822876,
-0.44361868500709534,
0.017432289198040962,
0.21352048218250275,
-0.09162406623363495,
0.09997235983610153,
-0.10469607263803482,
0.5100389719009399,
0.5981724262237549,
-0.28730684518814087,
-0.21826457977294922,
-0.31912103295326233,
0.33215028047561646,
0.31093427538871765,
-0.15203958749771118,
-0.35498228669166565,
0.11895041167736053,
-0.3011496365070343,
0.5918928384780884,
0.10944931954145432,
0.28471261262893677,
0.016550838947296143,
-0.9816363453865051,
0.026079393923282623,
-0.11050840467214584,
0.2048770636320114,
-0.29008328914642334,
-0.7773234844207764,
-0.18203933537006378,
-0.815228283405304,
-0.15441325306892395,
0.347895085811615,
-0.14497733116149902,
-0.14528028666973114,
-0.6392524242401123,
0.3581639528274536,
-0.33958300948143005,
0.04073481634259224,
-0.09877264499664307,
0.2345268875360489,
0.5747953653335571,
0.2818085849285126,
0.14017784595489502,
0.2573493421077728,
0.02020455338060856,
0.2562806308269501,
0.22470234334468842,
0.27208369970321655,
0.5931726098060608,
0.6658794283866882,
0.7138395309448242,
0.7971281409263611,
-0.20869997143745422,
0.45410916209220886,
-0.29110345244407654,
0.12190951406955719,
0.5976986289024353,
-0.3804003894329071,
0.19141800701618195,
0.49823686480522156,
-0.5852264761924744,
0.16637805104255676,
-0.2034415602684021,
0.304288774728775,
0.44609612226486206,
0.045516274869441986,
-0.2532595098018646,
-0.7148923873901367,
0.14853718876838684,
0.16977457702159882,
-0.13129359483718872,
-0.09344375133514404,
0.1277833729982376,
0.6305997967720032,
-0.013208330608904362,
-0.14373454451560974,
-0.6802433133125305,
-0.18786610662937164,
-0.4673062860965729,
0.7855972051620483,
0.02054179646074772,
0.8103277087211609,
0.2942826747894287,
-0.7104700803756714,
0.7774588465690613,
-0.44789013266563416,
0.6984689831733704,
-0.34964418411254883,
-0.5355803370475769,
1.0353858470916748,
-0.6380824446678162,
-0.16736838221549988,
0.16203418374061584,
0.27448660135269165,
-0.03567925840616226,
0.3577032685279846,
0.8625449538230896,
0.23959028720855713,
-0.8374258875846863,
-0.12285874038934708,
0.8832406997680664,
-0.38093313574790955,
-0.21584616601467133,
-0.40808072686195374,
0.08908296376466751,
0.7151482105255127,
-0.29580968618392944,
0.31907618045806885,
0.4529711902141571,
-0.240609809756279,
0.21489101648330688,
-0.5178953409194946,
0.2832082211971283,
0.6431500315666199,
0.37808993458747864,
0.2165975123643875,
0.05883146449923515,
0.7611472010612488,
0.17701521515846252,
0.4358505606651306,
0.10072936862707138,
-0.02143077552318573,
-0.013979307375848293,
0.26092687249183655,
-0.454727441072464,
0.3581552803516388,
-0.5476858615875244,
0.18824438750743866,
0.2631162106990814,
-0.4157777428627014,
0.5643133521080017,
0.5974460244178772,
0.6295334696769714,
0.3845684230327606,
0.4999622404575348,
0.12505067884922028,
-0.7780935168266296,
0.536123514175415,
0.20200508832931519,
0.4459064304828644,
-0.061581503599882126,
0.8432169556617737,
-0.02864544466137886,
0.020577341318130493,
-0.22729885578155518,
-0.2002272754907608,
-0.08981258422136307,
-0.48313748836517334,
0.4638758599758148,
-0.29051676392555237,
0.05805719271302223,
0.34026744961738586,
-0.6436389088630676,
0.06075324863195419,
-0.47071462869644165,
-0.24811981618404388,
0.9256526827812195,
0.14775077998638153,
-0.10883542150259018,
-0.3471701443195343,
0.2093915492296219,
0.41268599033355713,
0.24475336074829102,
-0.5222939252853394,
-0.011811362579464912,
-0.9453964829444885,
0.039731379598379135,
0.46454769372940063,
0.6196006536483765,
-0.21559791266918182,
-0.2830878496170044,
-0.762730598449707,
-0.6192915439605713,
0.7425338625907898,
-0.3094938397407532,
-0.469434529542923,
0.08245418220758438,
0.10424012690782547,
-0.06669607013463974,
-0.5612119436264038,
0.6380770802497864,
-0.6990382671356201,
0.03740621730685234,
0.20024928450584412,
-0.09421023726463318,
0.8751804828643799,
-0.43801531195640564,
-0.39641979336738586,
0.4645327627658844,
-0.6861287355422974,
0.03970877826213837,
-0.15140359103679657,
-0.21287046372890472,
0.233261376619339,
-0.49401599168777466,
-4.929313659667969,
0.8866976499557495,
-0.3322388529777527,
-0.35652443766593933,
0.25962191820144653,
-0.6242918968200684,
0.6770104169845581,
-0.06905815005302429,
-0.3793071508407593,
0.16490395367145538,
-0.09112069755792618,
-0.07440906763076782,
-0.37303289771080017,
0.7136965990066528,
0.8989927768707275,
0.7344362735748291,
0.7124760746955872,
-0.13997454941272736,
0.3486180901527405,
0.5606975555419922,
-0.38663560152053833,
0.359201580286026,
-0.0978822261095047,
0.369089812040329,
0.45588254928588867,
0.6994760632514954,
-0.5567014813423157,
-0.12045282125473022,
-1.2633837461471558,
0.06427530199289322,
0.28045764565467834,
0.4805140495300293,
-0.6887326240539551,
-0.25524666905403137,
0.017201529815793037,
0.3418831527233124,
0.2203555703163147,
-0.44707608222961426,
0.4481792747974396,
-0.6415146589279175,
0.12107445299625397,
0.40602222084999084,
-0.0656355768442154,
-0.2783806324005127,
0.6351063251495361,
-0.4308079481124878,
-0.05740203335881233,
-0.051504384726285934,
-0.09190026670694351,
1.072319746017456,
0.49180400371551514,
0.007281007710844278,
0.8725847601890564,
0.5278947949409485,
0.1570419818162918,
-0.321333646774292,
0.5888650417327881,
0.03449577838182449,
-0.5782655477523804,
1.0888811349868774,
0.05092212185263634,
-0.5578907132148743,
-0.048009298741817474,
-0.2638382315635681,
0.05974726006388664,
-0.3377261161804199,
0.051329176872968674,
0.010297498665750027,
0.32887935638427734,
0.6164194345474243,
-0.020150968804955482,
1.0890860557556152,
-0.6814925074577332,
-0.8558128476142883,
0.22804345190525055,
-0.30213019251823425,
-0.44879502058029175,
0.13893072307109833,
-0.5257372856140137,
-0.19359712302684784,
0.168452188372612,
0.2401948720216751,
-0.075226791203022,
0.09945572912693024,
0.3980734050273895,
-0.4880075752735138,
-0.20652258396148682,
-0.22963042557239532,
-0.2633514404296875,
-0.709517240524292,
0.5836033225059509,
-0.11913861334323883,
0.3473481237888336,
-0.43693915009498596,
-0.8161033987998962,
0.27805227041244507,
0.41437867283821106,
0.17902958393096924,
0.02654491551220417,
-0.5615527033805847,
0.5315828919410706,
-0.30674901604652405,
0.3939654529094696,
-0.08486345410346985,
-0.36810293793678284,
-0.9113388657569885,
0.10547637939453125,
0.721286416053772,
0.4332031011581421,
-0.4524393677711487,
-0.6249756217002869,
0.05406817048788071,
-0.20921072363853455,
-0.13535377383232117,
0.4834498167037964,
0.2620987892150879,
-0.3195498585700989,
0.33538398146629333,
0.6495198607444763,
-0.23984892666339874,
0.30326899886131287,
-0.1147368848323822,
-0.05979538708925247,
0.15868984162807465,
-0.5197914242744446,
0.020546410232782364,
0.17657974362373352,
0.047774482518434525,
0.23593521118164062,
0.4560910165309906,
-0.49986088275909424,
0.009823829866945744,
-0.18072985112667084,
-0.32046663761138916,
-0.2732931673526764,
-0.4511021673679352,
-0.4288342595100403,
-0.8656911849975586,
0.22195959091186523,
-0.05852785333991051,
0.4111756980419159,
0.39306989312171936,
-0.45313096046447754,
0.7254151105880737,
-0.06565460562705994,
0.4079436659812927,
0.2581899166107178,
-0.09950380772352219,
-0.9220540523529053,
0.562242329120636,
-0.498557984828949,
-0.4617789387702942,
-0.2066662311553955,
-0.9736918807029724,
0.33420389890670776,
0.07406917214393616,
0.4398640990257263,
0.663614809513092,
0.24044933915138245,
-0.42221319675445557,
0.3480468690395355,
-0.395385205745697,
-1.2458674907684326,
0.7565449476242065,
-0.17933019995689392,
0.09843432158231735,
-0.4670061767101288,
-0.28862911462783813,
-0.5916607975959778,
0.16258442401885986,
0.2388494312763214,
-0.6120942234992981,
-0.7513260245323181,
-0.42092347145080566,
0.5628159046173096,
-0.6785110235214233,
-0.47358036041259766,
0.5250688195228577,
0.1109280064702034,
-0.08997241407632828,
0.08283653855323792,
-0.483639657497406,
-0.4708772301673889,
-0.34702521562576294,
-0.16596150398254395,
-0.3592425286769867,
-0.5055711269378662,
-0.7139512300491333,
-0.006152773275971413,
-0.24182012677192688,
-0.04101906344294548,
-0.11723549664020538,
-0.04807698726654053,
-0.3482416272163391,
0.025674374774098396,
-1.0952682495117188,
0.08052704483270645,
0.2310185730457306,
-0.07222696393728256,
-0.612757682800293,
0.07596128433942795,
0.7905434370040894,
-0.064513199031353,
0.6612890362739563,
0.24620689451694489,
-0.3023918569087982,
0.6048168540000916,
0.7379563450813293,
-0.722733199596405,
1.0565568208694458,
-0.34331566095352173,
-0.8013780117034912,
0.6921824216842651,
0.342592716217041,
-0.19149771332740784,
0.25169625878334045,
0.22172895073890686,
0.09875749796628952,
-0.7951924800872803,
0.24271626770496368,
-0.7617318630218506,
0.3120216131210327,
-0.07626846432685852,
-0.8714989423751831,
-0.6507967710494995,
0.6116522550582886,
0.2336270660161972,
-0.2792263329029083,
1.2090437412261963,
-0.46271198987960815,
-0.027299389243125916,
0.41720491647720337,
-0.09872878342866898,
-0.0378941111266613,
0.36660197377204895,
0.43233245611190796,
-0.40995723009109497,
0.4602620601654053,
0.5367407202720642,
-0.25497865676879883,
0.2032594531774521,
1.0799684524536133,
0.24759195744991302,
-0.6031748652458191,
-0.13704906404018402,
0.48145946860313416,
0.2615540027618408,
0.20283165574073792,
-0.9944648742675781,
0.42928847670555115,
0.39175504446029663,
-0.2619730830192566,
-0.5613508224487305,
0.1520928293466568,
0.813917875289917,
-0.26157885789871216,
0.2772082984447479,
0.4651263952255249,
0.1380387544631958,
0.5590804815292358,
0.38347128033638,
0.7197830080986023,
0.22903625667095184,
-0.07718540728092194,
0.18918032944202423,
-0.24441291391849518,
0.45852768421173096,
-0.6980054974555969,
0.5760253667831421,
-0.6026574969291687,
0.12085391581058502,
-0.5146169066429138,
0.6550312638282776,
0.4397990107536316,
-0.7094969749450684,
0.02845826745033264,
0.08798155188560486,
-0.8445292711257935,
-0.09133394062519073,
-0.3895026743412018,
-0.6465336680412292,
0.0012077093124389648,
0.26306435465812683,
-0.38272207975387573,
0.09018761664628983,
-0.7355119585990906,
-0.4976050853729248,
0.6938445568084717,
-1.0634208917617798,
0.22352442145347595,
-0.6129192113876343,
-0.1858169585466385,
0.19118700921535492,
-0.4336989223957062,
0.07963498681783676,
0.47218188643455505,
-0.24767839908599854,
0.38266897201538086,
-0.6464246511459351,
0.08317878842353821,
-0.7862870693206787,
1.0498144626617432,
-0.33440372347831726,
-0.667029619216919,
0.12127335369586945,
-0.3630967140197754,
-0.21386930346488953,
-0.5569949746131897,
0.18152615427970886,
-0.10389683395624161,
0.017246084287762642,
0.09745944291353226,
0.28630486130714417,
0.8279082179069519,
-0.3802991211414337,
0.566832959651947,
0.17697173357009888,
-0.012598898261785507,
-0.5414460897445679,
0.5996786952018738,
-0.34130212664604187,
0.3821437358856201,
0.47317543625831604,
0.08938319981098175,
0.02008182555437088,
0.8289908170700073,
-0.5767275094985962,
0.21320173144340515,
0.09933319687843323,
0.3718433678150177,
-0.15981006622314453,
-1.0425739288330078,
-0.6918273568153381,
0.5953043103218079,
-0.9247704744338989,
-0.20443519949913025,
0.292003870010376,
-0.7177920937538147,
-0.38608717918395996,
-0.21404527127742767,
-0.1901906132698059,
0.16579462587833405,
-0.09631898999214172,
-0.07796818017959595,
-0.2727048397064209,
-0.10836049914360046,
0.030838847160339355,
0.3539530038833618,
0.3162030279636383,
-0.2907865345478058,
-0.020287415012717247,
-0.17347638309001923,
-0.22473913431167603,
-0.5465619564056396,
-0.45156463980674744,
0.2004578858613968,
0.33594557642936707,
-0.6328886151313782,
-0.9780035018920898,
0.03690849989652634,
-0.4437379837036133,
-1.2301208972930908,
0.40242016315460205,
-0.24440792202949524,
0.040422555059194565,
-0.55851149559021,
0.22768476605415344,
-0.45581915974617004,
-0.16638340055942535,
0.68025803565979,
0.2918302118778229,
0.3856281638145447,
0.365001916885376,
0.44740763306617737,
0.3694000542163849,
-0.00004860448825638741,
0.28836584091186523,
0.7431885004043579,
0.07389844954013824,
0.10871493071317673,
-0.5326400995254517,
0.5093031525611877,
-0.13342998921871185,
-0.5009000301361084,
-0.15039895474910736,
-0.6739321351051331,
-0.37048575282096863,
-0.05525120347738266,
0.546933650970459,
-0.2662395238876343,
0.3575729727745056,
-0.26460278034210205,
-0.9600818157196045,
-0.13390198349952698,
-0.04752177372574806,
0.1046031266450882,
-0.3803575336933136,
0.5838311314582825,
0.40652498602867126,
-0.11172942817211151,
0.20881903171539307,
0.0007923432858660817,
0.09965895116329193,
-0.17988620698451996,
0.45514151453971863,
0.28430479764938354,
-0.19503705203533173,
0.6580072641372681,
-0.4460263252258301,
0.4696047902107239,
-0.6819093227386475,
0.011229095049202442,
-0.08640401810407639,
0.8303651213645935,
-0.21324020624160767,
-0.05145193636417389,
0.3643483817577362,
-0.024285929277539253,
-0.5462503433227539,
-0.5163426995277405,
0.20481474697589874,
-0.3618629276752472,
0.5447129011154175,
0.46398597955703735,
0.05568332225084305,
-0.5305951237678528,
-0.2653484344482422,
0.22105881571769714,
-1.2492271661758423,
0.42969581484794617,
0.5546820163726807,
-0.7671962976455688,
-0.14758437871932983,
-0.15423516929149628,
-0.5290929675102234,
-0.9600715041160583,
-0.28994542360305786,
1.1377226114273071,
0.19520388543605804,
-0.035990823060274124,
0.17773336172103882,
-0.36907094717025757,
0.2744947671890259,
0.23704087734222412,
1.1000335216522217,
0.09425698220729828,
-1.1259732246398926,
-0.753180742263794,
-0.22013743221759796,
0.2300589382648468,
-0.058596521615982056,
-0.03130574896931648,
0.05913512408733368,
-0.23151633143424988,
-0.4605911374092102,
0.36864545941352844,
0.30871346592903137,
-0.9751023650169373,
0.6202812194824219,
0.27870362997055054
]
|
123537 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverbend%2C%20Montana | Riverbend, Montana | Riverbend is a census-designated place (CDP) in Mineral County, Montana, United States. The population was 442 at the 2000 census.
Geography
Riverbend is located at (47.164055, -114.848264). Interstate 90 passes by the CDP. The Clark Fork River is to the southwest.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (7.19%) is water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 442 people, 179 households, and 126 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 110.5 people per square mile (42.7/km2). There were 216 housing units at an average density of 54.0/sq mi (20.8/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 91.18% White, 0.23% African American, 4.52% Native American, 0.23% Asian, and 3.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.36% of the population.
There were 179 households, out of which 24.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.0% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.6% were non-families. 22.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.89.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.9% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 22.4% from 25 to 44, 30.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.6 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $27,813, and the median income for a family was $29,844. Males had a median income of $21,719 versus $20,982 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,672. About 3.2% of families and 9.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.4% of those under age 18 and 5.0% of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Mineral County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.09355451166629791,
0.8619826436042786,
-0.1565483808517456,
-0.32120880484580994,
0.5524012446403503,
0.4058772325515747,
1.0662028789520264,
0.5612709522247314,
0.3441920876502991,
-0.1116752028465271,
-0.1463792771100998,
0.1319321244955063,
-0.6466968655586243,
0.7853790521621704,
-0.2563619315624237,
0.2518945336341858,
0.14930349588394165,
0.7262461185455322,
1.4385746717453003,
-0.35332295298576355,
-0.36148250102996826,
-0.4232822060585022,
0.1802552193403244,
0.5267006158828735,
-0.1620875746011734,
0.19764986634254456,
0.44180625677108765,
0.39486420154571533,
-0.46544188261032104,
0.08808633685112,
0.014303276315331459,
0.7229260802268982,
-0.6556445360183716,
-0.15702535212039948,
0.5001038908958435,
0.12102922052145004,
0.4727776050567627,
-0.15929917991161346,
0.0277042668312788,
-0.4420478641986847,
-0.024542508646845818,
-0.022413596510887146,
-0.01307713333517313,
-0.046974167227745056,
0.15016582608222961,
0.09539910405874252,
-1.4596000909805298,
0.358333021402359,
-0.6221940517425537,
-0.45623648166656494,
-0.948253870010376,
0.08865059167146683,
0.5423139929771423,
-0.21134217083454132,
0.5986232161521912,
0.5023576021194458,
-0.5528212189674377,
0.4273049235343933,
0.4091435372829437,
0.08661673963069916,
-0.020825659856200218,
0.3703085780143738,
0.17338985204696655,
0.10316085070371628,
-0.3169211447238922,
-0.28172409534454346,
0.24856896698474884,
0.24990825355052948,
-0.0951322689652443,
-0.7428301572799683,
0.11622349172830582,
0.27582526206970215,
-0.3386680483818054,
0.4972813129425049,
-0.009300068020820618,
0.5093139410018921,
-0.9088677167892456,
0.22083432972431183,
-0.06849764287471771,
0.08706919103860855,
0.5072414875030518,
0.7459016442298889,
0.7441584467887878,
0.04715375974774361,
0.002179067814722657,
0.29612666368484497,
-0.4814189374446869,
-0.01761276088654995,
-0.07610444724559784,
0.5450634956359863,
-1.117337942123413,
-0.3950123190879822,
-0.5021848082542419,
-0.37923261523246765,
-0.2620645761489868,
-0.3206622004508972,
-0.3014218211174011,
0.9449816346168518,
-0.23794791102409363,
0.43035149574279785,
-0.014573337510228157,
-0.6082485914230347,
1.2757136821746826,
-0.1859966367483139,
-0.49082624912261963,
-0.5248835682868958,
-0.8005123734474182,
0.12104403227567673,
-0.09942586719989777,
-0.226088747382164,
-0.23568452894687653,
0.46280714869499207,
-0.10679750889539719,
-0.5145341157913208,
0.011167746968567371,
0.3650694787502289,
-0.013623279519379139,
-0.2165854126214981,
-0.00266828085295856,
-0.2438686341047287,
0.6449964046478271,
0.29568034410476685,
-0.23172441124916077,
0.2750851511955261,
-0.3117715120315552,
0.3555048108100891,
0.6831749677658081,
-0.18814115226268768,
-0.0010589591693133116,
0.30536407232284546,
-0.6535750031471252,
0.994748055934906,
0.015175264328718185,
0.06959964334964752,
-0.2002682387828827,
-0.5216781497001648,
0.012338177300989628,
-0.305568665266037,
0.5065770745277405,
0.04052038863301277,
-0.4631325602531433,
-0.43215835094451904,
-0.27444836497306824,
-0.3360229730606079,
0.6509749889373779,
0.017948446795344353,
0.2744940519332886,
-0.9031356573104858,
0.22216154634952545,
-0.07624706625938416,
0.38624638319015503,
0.46898552775382996,
0.2309233695268631,
1.0047460794448853,
0.286415159702301,
0.5249987244606018,
0.7171198129653931,
-0.14111149311065674,
0.4417497515678406,
0.5860070586204529,
0.1737489104270935,
1.1652765274047852,
0.7490910291671753,
0.12130098044872284,
0.7880730628967285,
-0.01562431175261736,
0.36994868516921997,
-0.5853785276412964,
0.12151822447776794,
0.3695051670074463,
-0.12227775901556015,
0.3371925950050354,
0.4779689610004425,
0.07902788370847702,
0.15021003782749176,
-0.6012641787528992,
0.7441614270210266,
0.7752078771591187,
-0.19267778098583221,
-0.24762311577796936,
-0.8780086040496826,
0.4725404977798462,
0.36215531826019287,
0.28594785928726196,
-0.07916002720594406,
0.11854512989521027,
0.7403584718704224,
-0.0703151524066925,
-0.4067111015319824,
-0.917472243309021,
-0.6041067242622375,
-0.7663301229476929,
0.7277764081954956,
-0.5396040678024292,
0.8047837615013123,
0.02494514361023903,
-0.47166934609413147,
0.31798312067985535,
-0.32288432121276855,
0.4411417245864868,
-0.25466060638427734,
-0.3674233853816986,
0.38002288341522217,
-1.1523215770721436,
-0.22024182975292206,
0.00384702580049634,
0.380388081073761,
-0.1835479736328125,
0.3384513556957245,
0.6634576916694641,
0.46454644203186035,
-0.07732382416725159,
-0.08218366652727127,
0.880048930644989,
-0.37760472297668457,
-0.33499565720558167,
0.08314820379018784,
-0.524130642414093,
0.5621148943901062,
-0.35689812898635864,
0.5137437582015991,
0.21890252828598022,
0.29405713081359863,
0.16429126262664795,
-0.5684071779251099,
0.25474950671195984,
0.4128294289112091,
0.3122665584087372,
-0.2667471766471863,
-0.037178996950387955,
0.32547280192375183,
0.23109711706638336,
0.4611913561820984,
-0.3391987681388855,
0.01411611121147871,
-0.3309120833873749,
-0.06139850243926048,
-0.33836930990219116,
0.13298308849334717,
-0.6369838118553162,
-0.15395620465278625,
0.0933954268693924,
-0.48710477352142334,
0.131415456533432,
0.1979195773601532,
0.4192694127559662,
0.6768780946731567,
0.10239920765161514,
-0.30803436040878296,
-0.21082355082035065,
0.2830270528793335,
0.1345403641462326,
0.13325075805187225,
-0.17939907312393188,
-0.012830360792577267,
0.31822097301483154,
-0.3277274966239929,
-0.34677523374557495,
-0.15600572526454926,
0.007870776578783989,
0.049542058259248734,
0.333452969789505,
-0.44939273595809937,
0.27407214045524597,
0.6184634566307068,
-0.5292262434959412,
-0.13662779331207275,
-0.6148141622543335,
0.16754847764968872,
0.8108701109886169,
0.1694965660572052,
-0.05507340282201767,
-0.23460330069065094,
0.49057018756866455,
0.6963775157928467,
0.2091478854417801,
-0.3896753191947937,
-0.5179014801979065,
-0.933915913105011,
-0.04111703857779503,
0.5156236290931702,
1.0867304801940918,
-0.13072019815444946,
-0.6379517316818237,
-0.490583211183548,
-0.4690741300582886,
0.7967987656593323,
-0.022305699065327644,
-0.49479034543037415,
-0.2629104554653168,
-0.01868273690342903,
-0.5101029276847839,
-0.19517120718955994,
0.0511334165930748,
-0.8563830852508545,
0.06503192335367203,
0.5679101347923279,
0.22096207737922668,
0.7155283689498901,
-0.27133992314338684,
-0.02886842004954815,
0.2803311049938202,
-0.7036665081977844,
0.20127299427986145,
-0.057236138731241226,
-0.4958200752735138,
-0.16901293396949768,
-0.6182577610015869,
-4.797295570373535,
0.6835505962371826,
-0.2594872713088989,
-0.7882813811302185,
0.2087206393480301,
-0.49136728048324585,
0.1610976904630661,
-0.4122011363506317,
0.09520233422517776,
0.10460134595632553,
-0.263029545545578,
-0.11443667858839035,
0.12177129089832306,
0.1275106966495514,
1.0424987077713013,
-0.05853996053338051,
0.9654465317726135,
-0.15201710164546967,
0.6104897260665894,
0.14000287652015686,
-0.24671846628189087,
0.3349614143371582,
-0.20724113285541534,
-0.036700647324323654,
0.9561091065406799,
0.42994192242622375,
-0.40838906168937683,
-0.04164721444249153,
-0.5814887285232544,
-0.3570833206176758,
-0.04757332056760788,
0.13354726135730743,
-0.32282397150993347,
-0.41967037320137024,
-0.053313348442316055,
-0.08437229692935944,
0.40793848037719727,
-0.06565232574939728,
0.739627480506897,
-0.5676024556159973,
0.22193500399589539,
0.017994364723563194,
-0.4836672842502594,
-0.27913984656333923,
0.40110263228416443,
-0.04311395063996315,
-0.49562788009643555,
-0.410405695438385,
-0.07450009137392044,
1.1238023042678833,
-0.0527077279984951,
0.195170059800148,
1.2501072883605957,
0.36503395438194275,
0.715006947517395,
-0.5096116065979004,
-0.08104228228330612,
0.000025171331799356267,
-0.23318062722682953,
1.0767185688018799,
0.21881219744682312,
-0.9612969756126404,
0.4439277648925781,
-0.06188372150063515,
-0.1379460096359253,
-0.7463715076446533,
0.28686583042144775,
0.09228994697332382,
0.34034639596939087,
0.021907959133386612,
0.07206753641366959,
0.49940985441207886,
-0.4922221004962921,
-0.9140574336051941,
0.3631579577922821,
-0.7696741819381714,
-0.09613045305013657,
0.14627860486507416,
-0.8192081451416016,
-0.44655561447143555,
-0.25155285000801086,
0.27072280645370483,
0.2568010687828064,
0.36295273900032043,
0.6647744178771973,
-0.28428131341934204,
0.09592989087104797,
-0.12563784420490265,
-0.37326952815055847,
-0.981807291507721,
0.5916787385940552,
-0.09269861876964569,
0.4993145167827606,
-0.2161756455898285,
-0.13517679274082184,
0.0060554323717951775,
0.7263384461402893,
-0.15294025838375092,
-0.05230748653411865,
-0.49717822670936584,
0.732048511505127,
-0.2069436013698578,
0.013060176745057106,
-0.4615217447280884,
-0.12714694440364838,
-0.7470484375953674,
-0.2706499695777893,
0.30128413438796997,
0.3095961809158325,
-0.2799418568611145,
-0.7719687819480896,
0.10189827531576157,
-0.2944951355457306,
0.04048877954483032,
-0.1990993469953537,
0.3458177447319031,
-0.7815248370170593,
0.3191731572151184,
0.5463123321533203,
0.748666524887085,
-0.14407232403755188,
-0.10928837954998016,
-0.2190370112657547,
0.05962368845939636,
-0.07234378159046173,
-0.3252621293067932,
0.677846372127533,
-0.0866047814488411,
-0.15624763071537018,
-0.0008416690398007631,
-0.016253015026450157,
-0.26963621377944946,
-0.6530285477638245,
-0.09549255669116974,
-0.7343915104866028,
-0.24540497362613678,
-0.9105143547058105,
-0.7462689876556396,
0.7145411372184753,
0.3696664869785309,
0.23960521817207336,
0.17348071932792664,
-0.6223025918006897,
0.3984532058238983,
-0.08874011784791946,
0.6629260182380676,
0.010776100680232048,
0.01872243545949459,
-0.8189042806625366,
0.6281920075416565,
-0.8036435842514038,
-0.13189730048179626,
-0.08126559853553772,
-0.9953435063362122,
0.41086164116859436,
-0.16669948399066925,
-0.13155369460582733,
0.49145936965942383,
0.36540907621383667,
-0.6079578995704651,
0.5376371741294861,
-0.3354049324989319,
-0.30001795291900635,
1.254055142402649,
-0.10968665778636932,
-0.4595864713191986,
-0.33476579189300537,
-0.031533095985651016,
-0.7999008297920227,
0.15601234138011932,
0.6452404260635376,
-0.2430831789970398,
-0.17101673781871796,
0.07597092539072037,
0.3988945484161377,
-0.336348295211792,
-0.42700955271720886,
0.43632909655570984,
0.3471285104751587,
-0.2166460156440735,
-0.29150813817977905,
-0.37809404730796814,
-0.23764397203922272,
-0.11024665087461472,
-0.04648390784859657,
-0.5647403001785278,
0.023558806627988815,
-0.28255924582481384,
-0.1354176104068756,
0.4558658003807068,
-0.044661279767751694,
-0.34499913454055786,
0.23341093957424164,
-0.4014885127544403,
-0.18709032237529755,
-0.9793428778648376,
0.5115756988525391,
0.2586197555065155,
-0.1841900497674942,
-0.8305901288986206,
0.11747090518474579,
0.8772156238555908,
-0.29036441445350647,
0.25972163677215576,
0.08011376857757568,
-0.5827102661132812,
0.16154347360134125,
0.8407281637191772,
-1.1859943866729736,
0.6043288707733154,
-0.24601492285728455,
-0.8843586444854736,
0.3416198790073395,
0.5287066698074341,
0.05585409700870514,
0.31706273555755615,
0.4588392972946167,
0.28293511271476746,
-0.6920176148414612,
-0.01699717901647091,
-0.18728306889533997,
-0.31255531311035156,
-0.15191203355789185,
-0.8908790349960327,
-0.504158616065979,
0.3050195574760437,
0.18511973321437836,
-0.41932693123817444,
0.826353907585144,
-0.8210356831550598,
-0.15362463891506195,
0.09564455598592758,
0.15855811536312103,
0.004789532162249088,
0.7884408831596375,
0.39735111594200134,
-0.6146807670593262,
-0.13856945931911469,
0.4056324064731598,
-0.28484228253364563,
0.09876442700624466,
1.6497013568878174,
0.6614386439323425,
-0.9102088212966919,
-0.44324806332588196,
-0.04432273283600807,
0.31615519523620605,
-0.050537701696157455,
-1.4076026678085327,
0.6557713150978088,
1.203586220741272,
-0.027158912271261215,
-0.40218082070350647,
-0.10541712492704391,
1.2478104829788208,
-0.5358785390853882,
-0.3703981637954712,
1.0387210845947266,
-0.14137199521064758,
0.4236753582954407,
0.23492947220802307,
-0.11645806580781937,
-0.0672055184841156,
0.3366093933582306,
0.39106136560440063,
-0.1355539709329605,
-0.12181229889392853,
-0.73289555311203,
0.2537100613117218,
-0.8691369295120239,
0.11151650547981262,
-0.41194066405296326,
0.073096364736557,
-0.15414677560329437,
-0.6257195472717285,
0.04715245962142944,
0.1323898583650589,
-0.7795252203941345,
-0.2571590840816498,
0.11226087808609009,
-0.5573918223381042,
-0.04293626546859741,
0.2975965440273285,
-0.29919368028640747,
0.5262143611907959,
-0.8715148568153381,
-0.26547864079475403,
0.08950456231832504,
-0.9337301850318909,
-0.049428217113018036,
-0.3157914876937866,
0.08766777068376541,
-0.13311998546123505,
-0.7582237720489502,
-0.02568773739039898,
0.406205952167511,
0.37255704402923584,
0.10019680857658386,
-0.8880597949028015,
0.18649344146251678,
-0.4520958960056305,
1.1270865201950073,
-0.3295533061027527,
-0.7085301280021667,
0.21858327090740204,
-0.18262745440006256,
-0.4027079641819,
-0.5460336208343506,
0.2611325979232788,
0.5287884473800659,
0.2531084418296814,
0.07078541070222855,
0.08959893137216568,
0.41111472249031067,
-0.4978448152542114,
0.3933541476726532,
0.39838290214538574,
-0.23487155139446259,
-0.3203844428062439,
0.36016324162483215,
-0.5806793570518494,
-0.2789914906024933,
0.47498947381973267,
0.31928935647010803,
-0.018836569041013718,
1.419698715209961,
-0.24015504121780396,
0.5898334383964539,
0.032488927245140076,
0.602592945098877,
-0.23339255154132843,
-0.9055584669113159,
-0.8927289843559265,
-0.03704606741666794,
-0.6963874101638794,
-0.49311766028404236,
0.02656608447432518,
-0.2622450590133667,
-0.5211950540542603,
0.14870844781398773,
0.06618944555521011,
0.024245688691735268,
-0.2142869532108307,
0.1884748488664627,
0.4731048047542572,
-0.5134803652763367,
0.0979447215795517,
0.08854232728481293,
-0.14416097104549408,
-0.2558472454547882,
-0.04184197261929512,
-0.5064960718154907,
-0.3814847469329834,
-0.5517249703407288,
-0.2612781226634979,
-0.11000517010688782,
-0.18191514909267426,
-0.4701291620731354,
-0.32907605171203613,
0.40101227164268494,
-0.06997378915548325,
-1.0430762767791748,
0.2485417127609253,
0.062003206461668015,
-0.08308406174182892,
-0.8619528412818909,
0.2594625651836395,
-0.6300540566444397,
-0.43103617429733276,
0.47499436140060425,
0.7462436556816101,
0.49776315689086914,
0.07395007461309433,
0.34618180990219116,
0.3159615695476532,
0.18231157958507538,
0.4824911952018738,
-0.012433829717338085,
-0.16194191575050354,
0.029333733022212982,
-0.3449292778968811,
0.5796947479248047,
-0.06960780173540115,
-0.23283101618289948,
0.11825738102197647,
-0.3595806658267975,
-0.03100869059562683,
0.22996073961257935,
-0.005890895612537861,
-0.8394050598144531,
0.3961086869239807,
-0.28205186128616333,
-0.8768411874771118,
-0.3679334819316864,
-0.23752422630786896,
-0.1364012062549591,
0.0523885153234005,
0.662095308303833,
0.7526018023490906,
0.32513973116874695,
0.303663045167923,
-0.17349617183208466,
0.5830019116401672,
0.08529496937990189,
0.20485325157642365,
0.6408068537712097,
-0.6810460090637207,
0.5047386288642883,
-0.37390485405921936,
0.9843599796295166,
-0.09033368527889252,
0.45875415205955505,
-0.04922311007976532,
0.8105936050415039,
-0.21475215256214142,
-0.24698542058467865,
0.695122480392456,
-0.15080642700195312,
-0.23559436202049255,
-0.5438055396080017,
-0.03021933138370514,
-0.5938845872879028,
0.39829665422439575,
0.4653949439525604,
-0.23162923753261566,
-0.4404275715351105,
-0.4961112141609192,
-0.028515638783574104,
-1.1928977966308594,
0.2586039900779724,
0.23100633919239044,
-1.253894329071045,
-0.06580415368080139,
0.03848155587911606,
-0.2497910112142563,
-0.8670114874839783,
-0.3947203755378723,
1.2711502313613892,
0.407105028629303,
-0.11189943552017212,
0.1962006390094757,
-0.34963250160217285,
0.2320854216814041,
0.41556841135025024,
0.42585352063179016,
0.33384326100349426,
-0.925518274307251,
-1.0630733966827393,
-0.6262561678886414,
0.21580161154270172,
0.2981303036212921,
-0.09450776875019073,
-0.22962163388729095,
-0.2670231759548187,
0.21867381036281586,
0.2509005069732666,
0.5029535293579102,
-0.5490697622299194,
0.775490939617157,
-0.03364776819944382
]
|
123538 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St.%20Regis%2C%20Montana | St. Regis, Montana | St. Regis is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Mineral County, Montana. The population was 319 at the time of the 2010 census.
The post office opened in 1896.
Geography
St. Regis is located at (47.299477, −115.100277), at the confluence of the St. Regis River and the Clark Fork. It is on Montana Highway 135, a shortcut to Glacier National Park. Interstate 90 runs along the southern edge of the community, with access from Exit 33. I-90 leads southeast to Missoula and west to Coeur d'Alene, Idaho.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the St. Regis CDP has a total area of , of which , or 2.65%, are water.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, St. Regis has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 319 people, 135 households, and 73 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 381.4 people per square mile (146.5/km). There were 161 housing units at an average density of 194.9 per square mile (74.9/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.87% White, 2.54% Native American, 0.32% Asian, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.54% of the population.
There were 135 households, out of which 25.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.5% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.2% were non-families. 38.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.3% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.3 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $23,750, and the median income for a family was $27,750. Males had a median income of $29,250 versus $14,844 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,137. About 18.2% of families and 21.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.3% of those under age 18 and 15.2% of those age 65 or over.
Education
St. Regis School District educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. Saint Regis High School's team name is the Tigers.
A branch of the Mineral County Public Library is in St. Regis.
Media
K29ID-D, Channel 29, licensed from Weeksville
K48LG-D, Channel 34, licensed from Plains
Some of the strongest AM radio stations in St. Regis include:
KERR, 750 AM, licensed from Polson
KJJR, 880 AM, licensed from Whitefish
Some of the strongest FM radio stations in St. Regis include:
87.7 FM/channel 6, ION (KSRM-LD), licensed to St. Regis
KPLG, 91.5 FM, licensed from Plains
KSRM-LP, 99.1, licensed to St. Regis (only local radio station)
KENR-FM, 107.5, licensed from Superior
References
External links
Clark Fork Valley-Press and Mineral Independent newspapers
Visit Montana: St. Regis
St. Regis Community Schools
Census-designated places in Mineral County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.23955702781677246,
0.5909025073051453,
0.12530070543289185,
-0.07531807571649551,
0.37068209052085876,
0.187975212931633,
1.078649878501892,
0.4150073528289795,
-0.3419760465621948,
-0.5380405783653259,
-0.08128262311220169,
0.13944001495838165,
-0.06419640779495239,
0.5810353755950928,
-0.040008291602134705,
0.2837143540382385,
0.6803619265556335,
0.5373328924179077,
0.7987646460533142,
-0.7116256356239319,
-0.6370425224304199,
-0.31850671768188477,
0.06330724060535431,
0.2224636673927307,
-0.08562437444925308,
0.8419173359870911,
0.05368208512663841,
0.12317578494548798,
-0.26038578152656555,
0.10374560952186584,
-0.03441475331783295,
0.33234766125679016,
0.1437390297651291,
-0.021204620599746704,
-0.32653555274009705,
-0.2113252431154251,
0.8504418134689331,
-0.2317729890346527,
-0.3065461814403534,
-0.13771793246269226,
-0.031835123896598816,
-0.07844426482915878,
0.32690295577049255,
0.1648920476436615,
0.01564844883978367,
-0.06936465203762054,
-1.2541612386703491,
-0.060838889330625534,
-1.0419390201568604,
-0.024889260530471802,
-0.35149016976356506,
-0.584482729434967,
0.13759174942970276,
0.21912717819213867,
-0.08737844973802567,
0.20855747163295746,
-0.8965837359428406,
0.2310621440410614,
0.4942145347595215,
-0.11987587809562683,
-0.46705663204193115,
0.37609434127807617,
0.0576283298432827,
0.14312805235385895,
-0.5944309234619141,
-0.16018620133399963,
-0.025050999596714973,
0.1585269570350647,
-0.09393799304962158,
-0.5972542762756348,
0.06434713304042816,
-0.127282053232193,
-0.16474732756614685,
0.2908077538013458,
0.2698151767253876,
0.08122316747903824,
-0.6262538433074951,
0.12168938666582108,
0.020802104845643044,
-0.3269430696964264,
0.33964407444000244,
0.20579677820205688,
-0.008027136325836182,
-0.1149163544178009,
0.2744210660457611,
0.060334865003824234,
0.04585636779665947,
-0.39495089650154114,
-0.20704522728919983,
1.3062503337860107,
-0.8352574110031128,
-0.27749955654144287,
-0.11630119383335114,
-0.07998616248369217,
0.19699855148792267,
-0.352239727973938,
0.18139725923538208,
0.4912048280239105,
0.06801304221153259,
0.0070823784917593,
-0.7188940048217773,
0.2336554080247879,
0.059100862592458725,
-0.015295821242034435,
-0.42418405413627625,
-0.5404242277145386,
-0.26784518361091614,
0.0031525753438472748,
-0.08615346252918243,
-0.4235067367553711,
-0.5799634456634521,
-0.053747158497571945,
-0.3086664378643036,
-0.13567812740802765,
-0.15385514497756958,
0.10880841314792633,
0.4788546860218048,
-1.074568510055542,
-0.3701912462711334,
-0.44291338324546814,
0.33629971742630005,
0.5723439455032349,
0.29507577419281006,
-0.5047900676727295,
0.005204626824706793,
0.6107051968574524,
0.4573587477207184,
0.3087831139564514,
0.17988906800746918,
0.1727946698665619,
-0.42579665780067444,
0.8639016151428223,
-0.30777353048324585,
0.11954005807638168,
-0.0016508417902514338,
-0.4951435327529907,
0.12154050171375275,
-0.08898777514696121,
0.3160300850868225,
0.421549528837204,
-0.3674905300140381,
-0.007118077948689461,
-0.4491353929042816,
-0.17666855454444885,
0.5850908756256104,
-0.3841582238674164,
-0.022526098415255547,
-0.6298499703407288,
0.03978903219103813,
-0.0872139185667038,
0.16612425446510315,
0.3763917088508606,
0.11727207154035568,
0.38073885440826416,
-0.03200847655534744,
0.17109061777591705,
0.8644343614578247,
0.5757021903991699,
0.17343369126319885,
0.7027230858802795,
0.003624038305133581,
0.676092267036438,
0.5837787389755249,
-0.11472122371196747,
0.2681593596935272,
-0.3922030031681061,
0.045118577778339386,
-0.44669482111930847,
0.18081247806549072,
0.25004175305366516,
-0.35337772965431213,
0.2039320319890976,
0.098361536860466,
0.225241020321846,
-0.04519062116742134,
-0.4071606993675232,
0.474090576171875,
0.28916507959365845,
-0.6882957816123962,
-0.6892476677894592,
-0.39230117201805115,
0.7444552779197693,
0.1396632194519043,
-0.018495505675673485,
-0.4654051661491394,
0.04262905567884445,
0.4400779604911804,
0.4877980351448059,
0.007419771980494261,
-0.3100070059299469,
-0.09750576317310333,
-0.22168003022670746,
0.45584598183631897,
-0.44287723302841187,
1.1927438974380493,
0.047358039766550064,
-0.1836194396018982,
0.05409468337893486,
-0.23695558309555054,
0.3324793577194214,
-0.23326551914215088,
-0.32116279006004333,
0.5831196904182434,
-0.5027471780776978,
-0.8405600190162659,
0.6118594408035278,
0.36378827691078186,
-0.0836673378944397,
0.4580230712890625,
0.4896789789199829,
0.24582038819789886,
-0.16443194448947906,
-0.5425734519958496,
0.9015767574310303,
-0.5209143757820129,
-0.26816123723983765,
0.1573520451784134,
-0.26848605275154114,
0.158203586935997,
-0.7340468764305115,
0.387422651052475,
-0.09577139467000961,
0.4487745761871338,
0.2531067430973053,
-0.6200536489486694,
0.5788055062294006,
0.5125451683998108,
0.2556699812412262,
-0.36758992075920105,
0.1853996366262436,
0.21721906960010529,
0.07518547773361206,
0.2190057337284088,
0.028099210932850838,
-0.14775383472442627,
0.28020456433296204,
0.24385665357112885,
-0.632910430431366,
0.40408581495285034,
-0.4125617742538452,
0.03502989932894707,
-0.1536424309015274,
0.09581928700208664,
0.4184574484825134,
0.15571631491184235,
0.5343045592308044,
0.3751732110977173,
-0.08049912750720978,
-0.5346762537956238,
-0.4012683033943176,
0.12800084054470062,
-0.33346834778785706,
0.04266668111085892,
0.2209569662809372,
0.3281650245189667,
0.1088101789355278,
-0.2068902999162674,
-0.13796071708202362,
-0.4263971149921417,
0.08347977697849274,
-0.15199536085128784,
-0.16507771611213684,
0.3027266263961792,
0.2730978727340698,
-0.13824056088924408,
-0.44129252433776855,
0.04492375627160072,
-0.677589476108551,
0.26041465997695923,
0.7556236386299133,
-0.5562625527381897,
0.20221857726573944,
-0.6344015002250671,
-0.44347065687179565,
0.43998417258262634,
0.6365733742713928,
-0.24177701771259308,
0.34870409965515137,
0.21854761242866516,
0.20003201067447662,
-0.17154619097709656,
0.6351060271263123,
-0.35185083746910095,
-0.0013576894998550415,
-0.6452507972717285,
-0.2130998820066452,
0.42859068512916565,
-0.7313257455825806,
-0.6027868986129761,
0.44208696484565735,
0.028252897784113884,
0.03699569031596184,
-0.14126810431480408,
-0.20560866594314575,
-0.733855664730072,
-0.1919640749692917,
0.42118290066719055,
-0.42670565843582153,
0.21877269446849823,
-0.6019102931022644,
-0.20817741751670837,
0.6793976426124573,
-0.201936736702919,
0.30450305342674255,
0.5300256013870239,
-0.0836763083934784,
-0.024716459214687347,
-0.5112776160240173,
-5.792654991149902,
0.4091385304927826,
-0.04972571134567261,
-0.8991554975509644,
0.030052607879042625,
-0.8285225629806519,
0.33950385451316833,
-0.458333283662796,
-0.12394355982542038,
-0.04045676440000534,
0.23363682627677917,
-0.0738445594906807,
-0.0837828665971756,
0.30023062229156494,
1.089706540107727,
0.3258950412273407,
0.5182865858078003,
-0.20856067538261414,
0.26044824719429016,
0.0782979354262352,
-0.17626117169857025,
-0.30890172719955444,
0.42598628997802734,
0.12358458340167999,
0.1319950968027115,
0.9164148569107056,
-0.8248565196990967,
-0.11668626219034195,
-0.4831262528896332,
0.06882163882255554,
-0.04183030128479004,
0.25740674138069153,
0.21610726416110992,
-0.4129755198955536,
0.01982358656823635,
0.08255227655172348,
0.14508232474327087,
-0.22167275846004486,
0.630898654460907,
-0.2604396939277649,
0.529064416885376,
0.08619503676891327,
0.06869885325431824,
0.19780319929122925,
0.34473171830177307,
0.13952164351940155,
-0.174262136220932,
0.2141440063714981,
-0.4923902451992035,
0.7555119395256042,
0.07958602160215378,
0.06987524032592773,
0.6005902886390686,
0.11106184124946594,
0.3576679229736328,
-0.8215880393981934,
0.08504966646432877,
-0.1362142264842987,
-0.7480326294898987,
0.15084308385849,
0.19443084299564362,
-0.20834437012672424,
-0.2883628010749817,
0.24333469569683075,
-0.16215039789676666,
-0.21791836619377136,
-0.3111657500267029,
0.1918332427740097,
0.07459452748298645,
-0.24287359416484833,
-0.4812685549259186,
-0.028543461114168167,
-0.22257466614246368,
-0.7808014750480652,
-0.033982738852500916,
-0.559863269329071,
-0.7151508927345276,
0.08676419407129288,
0.11899139732122421,
-0.15731462836265564,
-0.2997361719608307,
-0.09618321806192398,
0.7302448749542236,
0.6579560041427612,
0.4146186113357544,
0.01909787766635418,
-0.3683020770549774,
-0.2620218098163605,
-0.697388231754303,
-0.7948554754257202,
0.42109090089797974,
-0.35517075657844543,
0.15041381120681763,
0.08641282469034195,
-0.35996901988983154,
0.39267632365226746,
1.2922605276107788,
0.033369578421115875,
-0.1760251373052597,
-0.4157044589519501,
0.5375804901123047,
0.42245543003082275,
0.1067882776260376,
-0.08328903466463089,
-0.7061831951141357,
-1.0179790258407593,
0.029403729364275932,
0.303518682718277,
0.45748642086982727,
-0.43720144033432007,
-0.02146283909678459,
-0.4452352225780487,
-0.4330524504184723,
-0.05544150993227959,
0.17950740456581116,
0.09643461555242538,
-0.6649463176727295,
-0.35827895998954773,
0.11575199663639069,
0.32971012592315674,
0.11444717645645142,
0.15061482787132263,
-0.05143599584698677,
0.7401215434074402,
0.15177761018276215,
-0.19127288460731506,
0.030437462031841278,
0.0868254154920578,
-0.5577259063720703,
0.5470026135444641,
0.11868440359830856,
-0.22550059854984283,
0.21998830139636993,
-0.5844753980636597,
-0.08680465072393417,
0.2625184655189514,
-0.455528199672699,
-0.7927245497703552,
0.44105109572410583,
0.09217080473899841,
0.2686978280544281,
0.39868730306625366,
-0.3851201832294464,
1.3779194355010986,
-0.11462993919849396,
0.8113287687301636,
0.33517277240753174,
-0.13361242413520813,
-0.04617270827293396,
0.47125035524368286,
-0.4229283034801483,
-0.5339224934577942,
0.40981534123420715,
-0.08405657857656479,
-0.009775051847100258,
-0.3926800787448883,
0.20040012896060944,
0.4336282014846802,
-0.15816394984722137,
0.45178380608558655,
0.32584694027900696,
-0.38439908623695374,
-0.2684585750102997,
0.6365593671798706,
-0.15817829966545105,
-0.1439526230096817,
-0.14118845760822296,
-0.3125576376914978,
-0.9247174859046936,
0.18645653128623962,
0.29100313782691956,
-0.048391956835985184,
-0.47752928733825684,
0.18360643088817596,
0.07026597857475281,
-0.04674724489450455,
0.061442792415618896,
0.48766323924064636,
-0.08931159228086472,
0.16170483827590942,
0.1771010160446167,
-0.14517742395401,
0.07992701977491379,
0.38826966285705566,
0.14415785670280457,
-0.7663856744766235,
-0.06539943814277649,
-0.7281100153923035,
0.049647923558950424,
0.33446550369262695,
0.13195428252220154,
-0.3282070457935333,
0.008808620274066925,
0.23797844350337982,
0.06963331997394562,
-0.7971873879432678,
0.24185791611671448,
0.2068215310573578,
0.15816524624824524,
-0.1367184966802597,
-0.01157341804355383,
0.0747409537434578,
-0.3848104476928711,
0.5432682037353516,
0.19369162619113922,
-0.10704952478408813,
0.46199411153793335,
0.1643175631761551,
-0.11791503429412842,
0.18118421733379364,
0.09811469167470932,
-0.26027411222457886,
0.7300504446029663,
0.9172543883323669,
-0.1772342026233673,
0.4207674562931061,
0.11864762753248215,
0.24865737557411194,
-0.655254602432251,
-0.49706724286079407,
0.1680356115102768,
0.12546636164188385,
-0.2845034599304199,
-0.48376700282096863,
-0.045144230127334595,
0.7873876690864563,
-0.012554110027849674,
-0.20769281685352325,
0.002259369706735015,
-0.4195566475391388,
0.09051690250635147,
0.40119096636772156,
-0.23625268042087555,
-0.19239266216754913,
0.5661444067955017,
-0.06314556300640106,
0.1889016479253769,
0.11254046857357025,
0.54172283411026,
0.059059027582407,
-0.019187670201063156,
1.0385756492614746,
0.06481244415044785,
-0.565788209438324,
-0.37301105260849,
0.3789626359939575,
-0.021377434954047203,
-0.2408580482006073,
-0.6780025959014893,
0.7067406177520752,
-0.3333054482936859,
-0.16994301974773407,
0.017635025084018707,
-0.42836424708366394,
0.6864480376243591,
0.05192459374666214,
-0.38338330388069153,
0.5661299824714661,
-0.2999849021434784,
0.1524389237165451,
-0.012903687544167042,
-0.06878020614385605,
-0.10459394007921219,
0.7293369770050049,
0.20433759689331055,
0.11353686451911926,
0.15268413722515106,
-0.5702977180480957,
-0.12790490686893463,
-0.49069321155548096,
0.13298605382442474,
-0.42805370688438416,
0.18324965238571167,
-0.27882882952690125,
-0.4590483009815216,
0.03026769869029522,
-0.23721568286418915,
-0.004486820660531521,
-0.3049754500389099,
-0.06101236492395401,
-0.06522466987371445,
0.22769463062286377,
-0.18090921640396118,
-0.2564774751663208,
0.5638134479522705,
-1.074310302734375,
-0.45519691705703735,
0.29896995425224304,
-0.5091890096664429,
0.2295045107603073,
-0.14280948042869568,
-0.2174190878868103,
0.1646881252527237,
-0.2914409637451172,
-0.2905621826648712,
0.1354968547821045,
0.37259528040885925,
0.2551819384098053,
-0.565243661403656,
0.03347485885024071,
-0.6623557806015015,
0.43918904662132263,
0.5197502374649048,
-0.8383100628852844,
0.3113735020160675,
-0.10233024507761002,
-0.16618090867996216,
-0.23700693249702454,
-0.0063027688302099705,
0.13895075023174286,
0.6606833338737488,
0.25476565957069397,
0.2643762528896332,
0.38284727931022644,
-0.9626525640487671,
0.4190720021724701,
-0.013774086721241474,
-0.3897930085659027,
-0.3359088599681854,
0.16752152144908905,
-0.6518750190734863,
-0.20458829402923584,
0.5993852019309998,
-0.03692464530467987,
0.38266387581825256,
0.5374757647514343,
-0.33543455600738525,
-0.11735158413648605,
0.061622679233551025,
0.1158788651227951,
0.17880292236804962,
-0.33629801869392395,
-0.6259111762046814,
0.48810088634490967,
-0.7880780696868896,
-0.18484528362751007,
0.1407318264245987,
-0.5925070643424988,
-0.6010765433311462,
0.04896177351474762,
0.19732442498207092,
0.44974857568740845,
-0.49105969071388245,
0.035287242382764816,
-0.2037390172481537,
-0.47095832228660583,
0.39974281191825867,
-0.20801690220832825,
-0.09139230102300644,
0.09868921339511871,
0.06871297210454941,
-0.224469855427742,
-0.29907360672950745,
0.3811621367931366,
-0.33016398549079895,
-0.41871845722198486,
0.18034864962100983,
-0.7243145108222961,
-0.3529989719390869,
-0.5879937410354614,
-0.15327565371990204,
-0.463868647813797,
0.059002529829740524,
0.1258881688117981,
0.3179548978805542,
-0.19558311998844147,
0.563582181930542,
-0.494468629360199,
0.0493198037147522,
0.7837204933166504,
0.21030326187610626,
0.5687034726142883,
0.23254132270812988,
0.3185622990131378,
-0.14131209254264832,
0.1459110975265503,
-0.08098813891410828,
0.18794316053390503,
0.016308102756738663,
-0.22784028947353363,
-0.7153704762458801,
-0.16734695434570312,
-0.06877834349870682,
0.21601183712482452,
0.09084348380565643,
-0.43980544805526733,
0.3170660436153412,
0.5385374426841736,
-0.5136690735816956,
-0.31746622920036316,
0.37947866320610046,
0.0986761674284935,
0.3104063868522644,
0.15598569810390472,
0.0927930623292923,
0.22779133915901184,
0.29954278469085693,
0.2514914274215698,
0.38094013929367065,
0.49477019906044006,
0.12537352740764618,
0.09517610818147659,
0.44940343499183655,
-0.21201996505260468,
0.49486836791038513,
0.12658199667930603,
-0.026669921353459358,
0.04561437666416168,
-0.4513378143310547,
0.41923099756240845,
-0.5729959607124329,
0.5259084701538086,
-0.27931737899780273,
0.2843399941921234,
-0.11923078447580338,
0.0749368891119957,
0.4013570547103882,
-0.09001418203115463,
-0.21780183911323547,
-0.023558299988508224,
-0.027633357793092728,
-0.5657588839530945,
0.29473239183425903,
0.3140205442905426,
-0.17511288821697235,
-0.6513540744781494,
-0.5709107518196106,
0.13757839798927307,
-0.8908835053443909,
0.018338894471526146,
0.26597484946250916,
-0.31779900193214417,
-0.07871835678815842,
0.6723133325576782,
-0.2024960070848465,
-0.5390101671218872,
-0.08852460235357285,
0.4140555262565613,
0.508979856967926,
-0.13471241295337677,
-0.3916934132575989,
-0.22713637351989746,
-0.24601589143276215,
0.2563031017780304,
-0.1388794481754303,
0.30372196435928345,
-0.4689805507659912,
-0.5332072973251343,
-0.8652936220169067,
0.0754445269703865,
0.2606680393218994,
0.006695752032101154,
0.12111832946538925,
0.04792351648211479,
-0.24315768480300903,
-0.1540500968694687,
0.6863255500793457,
0.08793934434652328,
0.5018123984336853,
0.360144704580307
]
|
123541 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior%2C%20Montana | Superior, Montana | Superior is a town in, and the county seat of, Mineral County, Montana, United States. The population was 830 at the 2020 census.
History
Superior was named after its founders' hometown of Superior, Wisconsin in 1869. The post office was established in 1871 after Mineral County became the site of one of the largest gold strikes that helped settle the West.
In the 1860s and 70s, several thousand miners converged on Cedar Creek. Mining has remained central to the economy, along with the development of logging and United States Forest Service activities.
In 1908, the Superior Hotel received the first Bibles to be placed in hotel rooms by The Gideons. This is noted on a historic plaque on Mullan Road.
The Mineral County Museum is located in Superior.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and is water.
Superior is located within the Bitterroot Range of mountains. The Clark Fork flows through downtown, heading north towards St. Regis and ultimately emptying into Lake Pend Oreille near Cabinet, Idaho. The mountains to the west of Superior along the Montana/Idaho border receive a large amount of precipitation annually, mostly due to the amount of snow in the winter months. Nearby Lookout Pass Ski and Recreation Area receives approximately of snow each winter. The snow pack melts throughout the spring and summer months, feeding the many mountain streams and creeks with water. All of the water eventually reaches the Clark Fork in the valley below, where Superior is located.
Climate
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 812 people, 386 households, and 220 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 431 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 93.8% White, 0.7% African American, 1.2% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 2.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.3% of the population.
There were 386 households, of which 20.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.0% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 43.0% were non-families. 37.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.05 and the average family size was 2.64.
The median age in the town was 52.1 years. 15.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.9% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 15.9% were from 25 to 44; 35.4% were from 45 to 64; and 25.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 48.5% male and 51.5% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 893 people, 358 households, and 218 families residing in the town. The population density was 823.3 people per square mile (319.2/km2). There were 410 housing units at an average density of 378.0 per square mile (146.6/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 92.83% White, 0.11% African American, 2.91% Native American, 0.78% Asian, 0.11% from other races, and 3.25% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.90% of the population.
There were 358 households, out of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.8% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.1% were non-families. 33.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.1 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $25,333, and the median income for a family was $31,650. Males had a median income of $24,688 versus $18,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,154. About 10.4% of families and 17.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.0% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Superior High School is the main public high school in Superior.
The Mineral County Public Library is located in Superior. It has branches in Alberton and St. Regis.
Infrastructure
Interstate 90 passes Superior with access via exit 47.
Mineral County Airport is a county-owned public-use airport located two miles (3.7 km) southeast of town.
Notable people
Pokey Allen, professional and college football player and coach, born in Superior.
References
External links
Town of Superior
Mineral County Chamber
Towns in Mineral County, Montana
County seats in Montana
Populated places established in 1869
1869 establishments in Montana Territory | [
-0.26474425196647644,
1.0083365440368652,
0.33943119645118713,
0.07837013155221939,
0.6923717856407166,
0.63588947057724,
1.1869566440582275,
0.8717643022537231,
-0.049676038324832916,
-0.10228089988231659,
0.0032475872430950403,
-0.01732121780514717,
-0.35479333996772766,
0.9697422385215759,
-0.5443668961524963,
0.25966936349868774,
-0.030904162675142288,
0.8906778693199158,
0.7404506206512451,
0.23554286360740662,
-0.213528573513031,
-0.5066048502922058,
0.29369696974754333,
0.6690250635147095,
0.11056476086378098,
0.6480894088745117,
0.4654936194419861,
0.6281768679618835,
-0.43594491481781006,
-0.17592915892601013,
-0.33990737795829773,
0.136838898062706,
-0.487383633852005,
-0.023189395666122437,
0.04003233462572098,
-0.06432259827852249,
0.17409127950668335,
0.06287960708141327,
-0.10915987938642502,
-0.09499149024486542,
-0.31183797121047974,
0.11246504634618759,
0.08715900778770447,
-0.2024051398038864,
0.085533507168293,
0.21679911017417908,
-1.4071829319000244,
0.6811156868934631,
-0.9387661814689636,
-0.2719811797142029,
-1.2136191129684448,
-0.32061710953712463,
-0.032833147794008255,
0.12911619246006012,
0.6082050204277039,
0.38421541452407837,
-0.3492874801158905,
0.8864502310752869,
-0.032744936645030975,
-0.009052164852619171,
-0.5554012656211853,
0.6556392312049866,
0.2698974311351776,
-0.23679865896701813,
-0.17833982408046722,
-0.3418656289577484,
0.096395343542099,
0.3813842535018921,
0.21572795510292053,
-0.735798716545105,
0.05414685606956482,
-0.04166566953063011,
-0.21457210183143616,
0.9736019968986511,
0.10525184869766235,
0.4169737696647644,
-0.3492594361305237,
-0.5054813623428345,
-0.16779831051826477,
-0.027700960636138916,
-0.034526921808719635,
0.2380504608154297,
0.8203288912773132,
-0.27229374647140503,
0.2622608244419098,
0.02139405719935894,
-0.6692703366279602,
-0.19314561784267426,
0.312331885099411,
0.37991341948509216,
-1.0446780920028687,
-0.024550769478082657,
0.08049788326025009,
-0.21207256615161896,
-0.03900710493326187,
-0.5891022086143494,
0.1370566487312317,
0.40642133355140686,
-0.05262718349695206,
0.05063392594456673,
-0.5492370128631592,
-0.40668630599975586,
1.04788076877594,
-0.07924573868513107,
-0.5937165021896362,
-0.7503885626792908,
-0.7204154133796692,
-0.14574569463729858,
0.027548866346478462,
0.2774086594581604,
-0.19688327610492706,
0.2741565406322479,
0.006864114198833704,
-0.3481385111808777,
-0.41898298263549805,
-0.15245121717453003,
-0.16830751299858093,
-0.6906534433364868,
-0.3133024275302887,
-0.7699681520462036,
0.6336466670036316,
0.3181033432483673,
-0.25389787554740906,
0.14688968658447266,
-0.027405275031924248,
0.3540361523628235,
0.3160693347454071,
-0.4681703448295593,
0.16312479972839355,
0.41831085085868835,
-0.6899286508560181,
0.6764678955078125,
-0.18027952313423157,
0.21890543401241302,
-0.227258563041687,
-0.7950877547264099,
0.03171836584806442,
-0.47511255741119385,
0.14709897339344025,
0.0542372427880764,
-0.5239375829696655,
0.004388307221233845,
0.07989541441202164,
0.011301686055958271,
0.7724805474281311,
-0.3097253441810608,
0.07268793135881424,
-0.5594020485877991,
0.0875924676656723,
-0.3351355791091919,
0.009467328898608685,
0.3772468864917755,
0.28007933497428894,
0.7873362898826599,
0.4364502727985382,
0.4437778890132904,
1.051988959312439,
0.6309152841567993,
0.1947176456451416,
0.5021321773529053,
0.058719202876091,
0.9583265781402588,
0.8217551112174988,
0.12887679040431976,
0.9765715003013611,
-0.22079388797283173,
0.688559353351593,
-0.09763534367084503,
0.16384035348892212,
0.25355857610702515,
0.0759742259979248,
0.10883978009223938,
0.35962480306625366,
0.005824850872159004,
-0.20206095278263092,
-0.7017707824707031,
0.5426105260848999,
0.5198236107826233,
0.1957108974456787,
-0.5973501205444336,
-1.0481696128845215,
0.5229991674423218,
0.0008915493963286281,
0.3778007924556732,
-0.38921236991882324,
-0.01976539008319378,
-0.0607098713517189,
-0.33731183409690857,
0.02223595418035984,
-0.9736955165863037,
-0.1716516613960266,
-0.5140862464904785,
0.8399772047996521,
-0.8296087980270386,
0.4728313982486725,
0.1577330231666565,
-0.11067591607570648,
0.37716811895370483,
-0.4259205162525177,
-0.04503244534134865,
0.055780354887247086,
0.035374972969293594,
0.36760982871055603,
-0.4463304281234741,
0.1084149181842804,
0.22077006101608276,
0.55074542760849,
-0.07551711052656174,
0.2795523703098297,
1.2593343257904053,
-0.09366676211357117,
-0.6583552360534668,
0.016306661069393158,
0.7847254872322083,
-1.0105395317077637,
-0.23444786667823792,
-0.04955902695655823,
-0.131235271692276,
0.8989672660827637,
-0.101768359541893,
0.5796082019805908,
0.18646948039531708,
0.28182923793792725,
-0.1798899918794632,
-0.14153142273426056,
0.32392868399620056,
0.8288595080375671,
0.5067119002342224,
-0.46264737844467163,
0.5701477527618408,
0.4765326976776123,
0.4311653673648834,
0.58477383852005,
-0.2993130087852478,
-0.10679661482572556,
-0.4387616515159607,
-0.054612237960100174,
-0.15680460631847382,
0.8121394515037537,
-0.7646039724349976,
-0.3747849762439728,
0.012917601503431797,
-0.27195316553115845,
0.32260608673095703,
0.26754340529441833,
0.5862391591072083,
-0.06905793398618698,
-0.17347189784049988,
0.2371249496936798,
-0.5082431435585022,
0.010579396039247513,
-0.11754442006349564,
0.00432458333671093,
-0.04340987652540207,
0.17969486117362976,
-0.09817076474428177,
-0.07906778156757355,
-0.4100549817085266,
0.5601755976676941,
0.25832852721214294,
-0.1485625058412552,
-0.2611156404018402,
-0.6243879199028015,
0.09325876832008362,
0.5131582021713257,
-0.5506149530410767,
-0.2195015400648117,
-0.5103252530097961,
-0.35989049077033997,
1.0518577098846436,
-0.0703565701842308,
-0.01651131734251976,
-0.10900115966796875,
-0.018015405163168907,
1.1156206130981445,
0.27350690960884094,
-0.5837657451629639,
-0.25640714168548584,
-0.9409936666488647,
-0.0032398072071373463,
0.4421553611755371,
0.8480824828147888,
-0.30653560161590576,
-0.37091124057769775,
-0.4725481867790222,
-0.9359041452407837,
0.9584038853645325,
-0.6603561043739319,
-0.5240829586982727,
-0.018454384058713913,
-0.288211852312088,
-0.37616631388664246,
-0.2655197083950043,
0.053809694945812225,
-0.2652377784252167,
0.16621890664100647,
0.41081973910331726,
-0.09444260597229004,
0.45276889204978943,
-0.9916828870773315,
-0.44234219193458557,
0.27846676111221313,
-0.09952166676521301,
0.3029605746269226,
0.03551728278398514,
-0.5495777130126953,
0.5025801062583923,
-0.7703931927680969,
-4.607220649719238,
0.12696440517902374,
-0.5077936053276062,
-0.4653521180152893,
0.27603936195373535,
-0.7943801283836365,
0.044708289206027985,
-0.32983630895614624,
0.023577993735671043,
0.3971676528453827,
0.06551569700241089,
0.1442011147737503,
-0.32627901434898376,
1.1809779405593872,
0.8886873722076416,
0.3575597405433655,
0.9260095357894897,
-0.5687378644943237,
0.5903735160827637,
0.47064515948295593,
-0.35992830991744995,
0.15668688714504242,
-0.01511173415929079,
-0.1329391896724701,
0.6425764560699463,
0.9806939363479614,
-0.30217018723487854,
-0.32724979519844055,
-0.6575831770896912,
-0.22060434520244598,
0.07658033818006516,
0.4138215482234955,
-0.7152026295661926,
-0.3637144863605499,
0.4416043758392334,
-0.23911495506763458,
-0.03264116123318672,
-0.27713292837142944,
0.6150626540184021,
-0.36894145607948303,
0.9191854000091553,
0.4694121181964874,
-0.6095350384712219,
0.0601472370326519,
0.7019361257553101,
-0.35785093903541565,
-0.6103009581565857,
0.018957288935780525,
-0.4701946973800659,
0.8784610033035278,
0.18259386718273163,
0.26330795884132385,
0.980212390422821,
0.051020924001932144,
0.4163258969783783,
-0.06123221293091774,
0.045142561197280884,
-0.1312246173620224,
-0.6312680244445801,
0.48744624853134155,
-0.29032188653945923,
-0.6740471124649048,
-0.1095355823636055,
0.12370989471673965,
-0.22929467260837555,
-0.05637701228260994,
0.3346843719482422,
-0.11749041080474854,
0.07067898660898209,
-0.11527084559202194,
-0.0654318779706955,
0.4907311797142029,
-0.4646926522254944,
-0.5967907309532166,
0.07750879973173141,
-0.7446996569633484,
-0.4827210605144501,
0.3003964424133301,
-0.5934445858001709,
-0.4187178313732147,
-0.11177234351634979,
-0.16948449611663818,
0.23156563937664032,
0.5486137270927429,
0.6110928058624268,
-0.2042488306760788,
-0.2380339354276657,
0.09713059663772583,
0.44192591309547424,
-0.8519482016563416,
1.1607236862182617,
0.07272782921791077,
0.8616995811462402,
0.02348836325109005,
-0.25409021973609924,
0.08878829330205917,
0.6254610419273376,
0.11736131459474564,
-0.3801484704017639,
-0.4477795958518982,
0.07962333410978317,
-0.19900386035442352,
-0.17458495497703552,
-0.23463788628578186,
-0.3184531629085541,
-0.4911923408508301,
-0.44970470666885376,
0.22328008711338043,
0.6729738116264343,
-0.8658370971679688,
-0.4740663170814514,
-0.3397981524467468,
-0.5090781450271606,
0.17110994458198547,
0.0641934871673584,
0.09405612200498581,
-0.21387362480163574,
0.5986526012420654,
0.8026676774024963,
0.44581112265586853,
-0.02870393916964531,
0.08072381466627121,
-0.2784769833087921,
0.04074886441230774,
-0.5332446694374084,
-0.3303719758987427,
0.35410478711128235,
0.30227604508399963,
0.19487318396568298,
0.4015459418296814,
-0.4811323285102844,
-0.029314350336790085,
-0.4680517017841339,
-0.1737421602010727,
-0.8161458969116211,
0.34102898836135864,
-0.41622987389564514,
-0.8713259696960449,
0.17512887716293335,
0.1056189015507698,
0.4134640097618103,
0.5183402299880981,
-0.4464808404445648,
0.543887197971344,
-0.3979288637638092,
0.18709631264209747,
0.7238497734069824,
-0.05080222710967064,
-0.4724794030189514,
0.8532236218452454,
-0.7762975692749023,
-0.4643183946609497,
0.03936923295259476,
-0.6872876882553101,
0.032553110271692276,
-0.11863911151885986,
-0.1323825567960739,
0.6578004360198975,
-0.014532330445945263,
0.41967326402664185,
0.7025012373924255,
-0.5274495482444763,
-0.3378298580646515,
0.7090046405792236,
0.03797081485390663,
-0.35000914335250854,
-0.28050437569618225,
0.03276844695210457,
-0.7914423942565918,
-0.017344942316412926,
0.806823194026947,
-0.1028047725558281,
-0.09363022446632385,
-0.1115935668349266,
0.1255854070186615,
-0.4128742218017578,
-0.13555151224136353,
0.6016975045204163,
0.18306615948677063,
-0.06738945841789246,
0.022486025467514992,
-1.0455069541931152,
-1.0035783052444458,
-0.7190042734146118,
0.02594304457306862,
-0.5922786593437195,
-0.01449283491820097,
-0.5468459725379944,
0.8298408389091492,
-0.029984651133418083,
-0.47258782386779785,
-0.1828756481409073,
0.3137919008731842,
-0.3223908841609955,
0.12247375398874283,
-0.9379846453666687,
0.8987165093421936,
-0.23336046934127808,
-0.6236391663551331,
-0.9883245825767517,
0.07521228492259979,
0.7856491804122925,
-0.8112403750419617,
0.15632297098636627,
-0.032070014625787735,
-0.7996513843536377,
0.6050232648849487,
0.4670039415359497,
-0.7569682598114014,
0.5689827799797058,
-0.24490557610988617,
-0.4163358509540558,
0.799136757850647,
0.7106328010559082,
-0.36528781056404114,
0.3674236834049225,
0.34720104932785034,
0.8649230003356934,
-0.6545100808143616,
-0.2493567168712616,
-1.008614182472229,
-0.13177140057086945,
-0.1678476780653,
-0.6117961406707764,
-0.22568254172801971,
-0.014737790450453758,
0.7931903004646301,
0.052599262446165085,
0.6721833944320679,
-0.981706976890564,
0.4769873023033142,
0.2420993596315384,
-0.15770821273326874,
0.130617156624794,
1.0481642484664917,
0.39008840918540955,
-0.24779954552650452,
0.051891665905714035,
0.074640654027462,
-0.1554928421974182,
0.31282827258110046,
1.4403167963027954,
0.5099695920944214,
-0.07582532614469528,
-0.26622745394706726,
-0.26193636655807495,
0.5520204305648804,
-0.27110859751701355,
-1.4747287034988403,
0.5777196288108826,
0.7842150330543518,
-0.6311970949172974,
-1.010002613067627,
-0.2500856816768646,
0.8387848138809204,
-0.5196549296379089,
-0.2880280017852783,
1.0060676336288452,
-0.2708025872707367,
0.4377741515636444,
0.26629912853240967,
-0.04480694606900215,
0.5321740508079529,
-0.07385037839412689,
0.19241446256637573,
-0.038629475980997086,
-0.06178244203329086,
-0.6185813546180725,
-0.05466751009225845,
-0.9027942419052124,
0.20137515664100647,
-0.15728214383125305,
0.19514155387878418,
-0.423616498708725,
-0.6384547352790833,
0.06864119321107864,
-0.35250377655029297,
0.11788080632686615,
-0.17779047787189484,
-0.28331947326660156,
-0.2666606307029724,
0.05738772079348564,
0.4415769875049591,
-0.06057654321193695,
0.19843263924121857,
-0.8615188002586365,
-0.14719530940055847,
0.004010932054370642,
-0.8998871445655823,
0.398123562335968,
-0.06052076071500778,
0.09889554977416992,
0.08935432881116867,
-1.058816909790039,
-0.15199334919452667,
0.31874263286590576,
0.25846943259239197,
0.5185232162475586,
-0.46977224946022034,
0.5643597841262817,
-0.3998388350009918,
1.013073444366455,
-0.3164038062095642,
-0.9376583099365234,
0.23413479328155518,
-0.03387661650776863,
-0.7705493569374084,
-0.7362651228904724,
0.10968427360057831,
-0.1306121051311493,
0.38407519459724426,
0.08923137187957764,
0.21946683526039124,
0.29273197054862976,
-0.7464731931686401,
0.8347812294960022,
0.5893818140029907,
-0.49698933959007263,
-1.1430729627609253,
0.2843483090400696,
-0.8213647603988647,
0.0024976972490549088,
0.42568692564964294,
0.6416704654693604,
0.17975303530693054,
0.840469241142273,
-0.2705829441547394,
0.3001450300216675,
-0.017159828916192055,
0.55619877576828,
0.11232799291610718,
-1.1773794889450073,
-0.6421132683753967,
-0.021516744047403336,
-0.7858893871307373,
-0.1539117395877838,
0.15719686448574066,
-0.47795072197914124,
-0.8872868418693542,
0.4275580048561096,
0.14403371512889862,
0.06559614837169647,
-0.5218545198440552,
-0.15065953135490417,
0.4264680743217468,
0.22231407463550568,
0.04727202653884888,
0.3032412827014923,
-0.14339156448841095,
-0.3324069082736969,
-0.2330380380153656,
-0.613261342048645,
-0.39046937227249146,
-0.3640170395374298,
-1.0117851495742798,
-0.1998647302389145,
0.17373020946979523,
-0.3979435861110687,
-0.3915327489376068,
0.16094300150871277,
-0.39397796988487244,
-1.238182783126831,
1.115257740020752,
0.1776258796453476,
-0.20940732955932617,
-0.1616096943616867,
0.5067682266235352,
-0.299871027469635,
-0.24258337914943695,
0.4888444244861603,
-0.01286228559911251,
0.43716734647750854,
0.0664275661110878,
0.3733973503112793,
0.3382919132709503,
0.5740159153938293,
-0.04207627475261688,
0.3868311941623688,
0.06369411200284958,
0.257588654756546,
-0.6965576410293579,
0.13621480762958527,
-0.08949880301952362,
-0.2212020456790924,
0.014096035622060299,
-0.6011706590652466,
-0.08159416913986206,
0.2730134129524231,
-0.4440016746520996,
-0.4307069182395935,
0.25483426451683044,
0.04264317825436592,
-0.38117891550064087,
-0.14103363454341888,
-0.25813937187194824,
0.19774746894836426,
0.2982875406742096,
0.5010217428207397,
0.9680100679397583,
0.4244954586029053,
0.6877844929695129,
-0.27594301104545593,
0.7229655981063843,
-0.02638927847146988,
0.3459148108959198,
0.245123952627182,
-0.4878264367580414,
0.2981620728969574,
-1.085602045059204,
-0.2935338020324707,
-0.7854198813438416,
0.3358563482761383,
-0.29532289505004883,
0.8456602692604065,
-0.2504696249961853,
0.0323585569858551,
0.5979361534118652,
-0.07415539026260376,
-0.37240734696388245,
-0.09516084939241409,
0.2909751534461975,
-1.0982677936553955,
0.48457852005958557,
0.6176326274871826,
0.13678736984729767,
-0.4005695581436157,
-0.25994792580604553,
-0.2040090411901474,
-0.8196854591369629,
0.40858033299446106,
0.4127722978591919,
-0.8186069130897522,
-0.22823244333267212,
0.18640460073947906,
-0.35603103041648865,
-0.40498122572898865,
-0.45569494366645813,
1.223478078842163,
0.06678535789251328,
-0.42723000049591064,
-0.4545455574989319,
-0.10410679876804352,
0.051569562405347824,
0.09294896572828293,
0.7709668278694153,
0.3510570228099823,
-1.1517574787139893,
-0.492218941450119,
-0.7198182940483093,
0.47220978140830994,
0.09725754708051682,
0.254987895488739,
0.39019665122032166,
-0.17151612043380737,
0.11533156782388687,
0.16602203249931335,
0.5843347311019897,
-0.6310287714004517,
0.6525043845176697,
0.21516531705856323
]
|
123542 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonner-West%20Riverside%2C%20Montana | Bonner-West Riverside, Montana | Bonner-West Riverside (Salish: Nʔaycčstm, "Place of the Big Bull Trout") is a census-designated place (CDP) in Missoula County, Montana, United States, including the unincorporated communities of Bonner, Milltown (formerly Riverside), West Riverside, and Pinegrove. It is part of the Missoula, Montana Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,663 at the 2010 census, a decline from its population of 1,693 in 2000.
Bonner was named for Edward L. Bonner, president of the Missoula and Bitter Root Valley Railroad. Bonner was also a partner in Eddy, Hammond & Company, who were contracted by Northern Pacific Railroad for lumber to build their railway between the Thompson and Blackfoot rivers. Eddy, Hammond & Company founded the Montana Improvement Company, which built a sawmill in Bonner in 1886.
Milltown is named for the mill. West Riverside is named for its position west of Milltown, formerly called Riverside for its position at the confluence of the Blackfoot and Clark Fork Rivers. Pinegrove was named either for the Pine family that settled there or for the many large pines in the area. The associated Piltzville was named for Billy Piltz, early mill worker and yard boss.
Geography
Bonner-West Riverside is located at (46.877718, -113.888915), on the Blackfoot River.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (6.63%) is water.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Bonner-West Riverside has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Economy
The area east of Missoula was born with the sawmill located there by Andrew B. Hammond. Hammond, with partners Richard Eddy and Edward Bonner, founders of the Montana Improvement Company (MIC), enticed the nearly complete Northern Pacific Railroad (NP) to pass through Missoula. They were rewarded with lucrative NP lumber contracts. Hammond, on behalf of the MIC, purchased land east of Missoula on Blackfoot River for a sawmill and dam to hold the mill's supply of logs. The Blackfoot Milling Company began operation on 6 June 1886 and by August produced an average of 55,000 board feet of lumber per day. In addition to the NP contracts, the Blackfoot Mill (or Hammond Mill) provided stulls (mining shaft supports) and lumber for construction. It continued to expand and in 1889 it produced 24 million board feet of lumber and was considered the largest mill between Wisconsin and the West Coast. The sawmill was purchased by the Anaconda Company in 1898.
Bonner was the company town, encompassing the mill plus housing for mill managers and supervisors and a company store. By 1888, it included a post office, and in 1889 Bonner Hall, which housed the Masonic Lodge and the first school. In 1892, the elegant Margaret Hotel was built to house dignitaries. Later, a school, two churches, a library and community gardens were added. Only mill employees lived there. When the mill changed hands, Bonner with all its buildings was included. Bonner remained a possession of the mill until finally sold to private ownership in 2007.
Milltown, originally called Riverside, was organized a half mile downstream. John McCormick leased small lots of his "farmland" to mill workers and loggers who constructed small dwellings with materials "borrowed" from the mill. By 1892, Riverside already had a dozen homes, a livery stable, boarding house, and three saloons. In 1903, the anticipated construction of the new dam brought more workers who leased land. No one owned the land their homes were on until decades later.
In 1910, West Riverside was platted across the Blackfoot from Riverside, allowing for private land ownership. Population increased there with the establishment of the Western Lumber Company. Farming and more private homes became available to the east in Piltzville and to the west in Pine Grove.
"On January 16, 1919, the 'greatest fire in the history of Western Montana' burned a large portion of the mill to the ground." The mill was rebuilt and operational again by September, 1919. Through the 1970s and 1980s, the Bonner Mill was thought to be the world's largest of its type. The Anaconda Company sold the mill to US Plywood-Champion Papers in 1972. It was sold to Stimson Lumber Company in 1993, and was closed in 2008, after "122 years of continuous lumber production". In 2011, a heavy snowfall collapsed much of the mill's roof. The last PCBs were removed from the site in 2016.
Bonner Dam was built in 1884 (rebuilt in 1886) on the Blackfoot River to hold logs and provide a little energy to the mill. Milltown Dam (aka Clark’s dam), finished in January 1908, was built just passed the confluence of the Blackfoot and Clark Fork Rivers by Montana’s U.S Senator William A. Clark to supply hydroelectricity to local mills and the city of Missoula. The largest flood ever seen on those rivers occurred six months later, depositing millions of cubic yards of silt laden with heavy metals and arsenic in the Milltown Reservoir from upriver mining sites. As part of a Superfund cleanup site, Bonner Dam was removed in 2005 and Milltown Dam was removed in 2008. The Superfund restoration plan includes a redevelopment effort aimed at economic development and community revitalization.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,663 people, 690 households, and 460 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,091.6 people per square mile (421.7/km2). There were 723 housing units at an average density of 466.2 per square mile (180.1/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.39% White, 0.24% African American, 2.36% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.59% from other races, and 2.36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.71% of the population.
There were 690 households, out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.2% were non-families. 25.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 12.8% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 21.4% from 45 to 64, and 8.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 104.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.7 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $32,557, and the median income for a family was $37,206. Males had a median income of $28,417 versus $25,403 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $15,652. About 8.3% of families and 10.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.6% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.
References
Further reading
A Grass Roots Tribute: The Story of Bonner, Montana. Missoula, MT : Big Sky Composition, 2008.
External links
Census-designated places in Missoula County, Montana | [
0.04702654108405113,
0.4670603275299072,
0.09634426981210709,
-0.10529430955648422,
0.22181755304336548,
0.4420035481452942,
0.4058242440223694,
0.46338725090026855,
-0.2624128758907318,
-0.13658788800239563,
0.043397434055805206,
-0.45261242985725403,
-0.3152585029602051,
0.7218694686889648,
-0.09174641966819763,
0.46122902631759644,
0.38952675461769104,
0.6114364266395569,
1.2047064304351807,
-0.4759299159049988,
0.19146980345249176,
-0.613400399684906,
0.09700506180524826,
0.5622085332870483,
0.0033526134211570024,
0.46650630235671997,
0.3031175434589386,
0.5728684663772583,
-0.06395971029996872,
0.5600035190582275,
-0.22879457473754883,
0.5268229246139526,
-0.38864511251449585,
-0.45876383781433105,
0.1082986369729042,
-0.0017955274088308215,
0.34988272190093994,
-0.19256670773029327,
0.09728101640939713,
-0.31691601872444153,
-0.45290565490722656,
-0.48565012216567993,
-0.1244731917977333,
-0.2174251675605774,
0.1174851581454277,
-0.23214192688465118,
-1.3322033882141113,
0.5427865386009216,
-0.3762644827365875,
-0.3322782814502716,
-0.9715548157691956,
-0.004860705696046352,
0.38101527094841003,
-0.34259000420570374,
0.46687933802604675,
0.25404056906700134,
-0.47417309880256653,
-0.12108810991048813,
0.2642357051372528,
-0.22513920068740845,
-0.2306460291147232,
0.37926092743873596,
0.19514858722686768,
-0.07114538550376892,
-0.03040304407477379,
0.31918278336524963,
-0.09489316493272781,
0.34666553139686584,
0.14132879674434662,
-0.5455281138420105,
0.2811509668827057,
0.36733654141426086,
-0.4998752772808075,
0.770075261592865,
0.214265376329422,
0.5852258801460266,
-0.6218060255050659,
-0.01125215832144022,
-0.26188766956329346,
0.5030121803283691,
0.05841764062643051,
0.021722672507166862,
0.5347986221313477,
-0.13011011481285095,
0.5647086501121521,
0.14042532444000244,
-0.2571006715297699,
-0.008655276149511337,
-0.1093168556690216,
0.451050728559494,
-0.8331054449081421,
-0.22446957230567932,
-0.23698171973228455,
-0.7079042792320251,
-0.03879473730921745,
-0.5595861077308655,
-0.49975407123565674,
0.8000367283821106,
-0.3400665819644928,
0.08643697202205658,
-0.380240797996521,
-0.2374250590801239,
1.1810157299041748,
0.0035162707790732384,
-0.9164655804634094,
-0.5363679528236389,
-0.7767316699028015,
-0.8275470733642578,
0.20050393044948578,
-0.16917294263839722,
-0.05595719441771507,
0.6192446947097778,
0.8912003040313721,
-0.24687141180038452,
0.21281135082244873,
0.6182265281677246,
-0.01457306370139122,
-0.5785698890686035,
0.29970359802246094,
-0.2368660718202591,
0.3913527727127075,
0.4205400049686432,
-0.3027724623680115,
-0.011434768326580524,
-0.2761688828468323,
0.26992353796958923,
0.4898950159549713,
-0.15132328867912292,
-0.6163676977157593,
-0.3615446090698242,
-0.08501280844211578,
0.5723354816436768,
0.15197822451591492,
0.27649790048599243,
0.07768405228853226,
-0.546538233757019,
-0.5197332501411438,
-0.42907193303108215,
0.10558997094631195,
-0.05356490984559059,
-0.3455881178379059,
0.23982198536396027,
-0.37012919783592224,
-0.813197910785675,
0.6568484306335449,
0.2824648916721344,
0.5249342918395996,
-1.2417933940887451,
0.15845438838005066,
-0.5133248567581177,
0.06439262628555298,
0.16419537365436554,
0.47947603464126587,
0.21371959149837494,
-0.05375341325998306,
0.22288264334201813,
0.38133224844932556,
0.529824435710907,
0.4430828094482422,
0.21790377795696259,
-0.07669908553361893,
0.7158886194229126,
0.6769227981567383,
0.18746213614940643,
0.7298471927642822,
-0.633353054523468,
0.3288751542568207,
-0.323540598154068,
-0.2612937390804291,
0.6416892409324646,
-0.16183267533779144,
0.26120686531066895,
0.8139280080795288,
-0.34982994198799133,
0.5202064514160156,
-0.5948387980461121,
0.3635624647140503,
0.4988671541213989,
0.0037446266505867243,
-0.023439040407538414,
-0.6048500537872314,
0.4699544906616211,
-0.07964236289262772,
0.29830309748649597,
-0.6848791837692261,
-0.3997045159339905,
0.10931271314620972,
0.16960087418556213,
-0.09222477674484253,
-0.051801469177007675,
-0.5569237470626831,
-0.6484639048576355,
0.4443116784095764,
-0.14129605889320374,
0.6250622868537903,
0.06125525385141373,
0.136770561337471,
0.8001670241355896,
-0.31408077478408813,
0.289730429649353,
-0.34578588604927063,
-0.4287027418613434,
0.5514830350875854,
-0.8553581237792969,
-0.8476437330245972,
-0.1491977572441101,
0.22723494470119476,
-0.26573365926742554,
-0.018417516723275185,
0.12954309582710266,
0.14354780316352844,
-0.09118839353322983,
0.02716696634888649,
0.49942317605018616,
-0.6340177059173584,
-0.2486169934272766,
-0.30290260910987854,
0.07020995765924454,
0.2461073100566864,
-0.2988753020763397,
0.3509361445903778,
0.11948099732398987,
0.4033825993537903,
0.22084367275238037,
-0.2388719618320465,
0.36632347106933594,
0.6106042861938477,
-0.1363036334514618,
0.2456202507019043,
-0.01124074961990118,
0.7991830706596375,
0.23234355449676514,
0.0676637813448906,
-0.37618622183799744,
-0.16837246716022491,
0.06839687377214432,
-0.23581402003765106,
-0.48158353567123413,
0.5426855683326721,
-0.687418520450592,
-0.08735881745815277,
0.32977214455604553,
-0.9179727435112,
0.3169112801551819,
0.5803181529045105,
0.5844422578811646,
0.09493532031774521,
0.4333694577217102,
-0.10439634323120117,
-0.16587074100971222,
0.0968020111322403,
0.6208268404006958,
0.13322488963603973,
-0.27233126759529114,
0.16422663629055023,
0.19235225021839142,
-0.1622311770915985,
0.3271694481372833,
0.5734497308731079,
-0.1391172707080841,
0.07819711416959763,
0.2284628003835678,
-0.28088364005088806,
-0.14444921910762787,
0.21144795417785645,
-0.3406784236431122,
-0.30694735050201416,
-0.7609981894493103,
-0.3760779798030853,
0.9848191738128662,
0.004399609751999378,
0.323209673166275,
-0.11236608028411865,
0.5690438747406006,
0.3223358392715454,
-0.2550561726093292,
-0.37276607751846313,
-0.3045266270637512,
-0.750357449054718,
-0.5019295811653137,
0.4694581627845764,
0.4438418745994568,
-0.11886578053236008,
-0.5732531547546387,
-0.33665820956230164,
-0.680102527141571,
0.21253521740436554,
0.6419278979301453,
-0.3316844403743744,
-0.10908452421426773,
-0.01450546458363533,
-0.30062946677207947,
-0.03939073160290718,
0.5241235494613647,
-0.5668653249740601,
-0.02426827698945999,
0.3451263904571533,
-0.06560096144676208,
1.093461275100708,
-0.38315558433532715,
-0.43491411209106445,
0.41063547134399414,
-0.6624346971511841,
0.17827104032039642,
0.09781627357006073,
-0.14257486164569855,
0.019616711884737015,
-0.5224217772483826,
-5.122736930847168,
0.9087635278701782,
-0.24830318987369537,
-0.36778905987739563,
0.3549613058567047,
-0.4526160657405853,
0.1346748173236847,
-0.18598704040050507,
0.21639734506607056,
0.7384217381477356,
-0.14602503180503845,
-0.35091227293014526,
-0.01512519083917141,
-0.08065351843833923,
0.7412183880805969,
0.0019769889768213034,
0.4705485701560974,
-0.0004454545269254595,
0.028868647292256355,
-0.12416049093008041,
-0.30567246675491333,
0.5430896282196045,
-0.05681303143501282,
0.4700445532798767,
0.756754457950592,
0.318118155002594,
-0.42425480484962463,
-0.22386009991168976,
-0.9882550835609436,
-0.3345295786857605,
0.2940971851348877,
0.09493760019540787,
-0.4471707046031952,
-0.0010955053148791194,
-0.1461101472377777,
0.16364681720733643,
0.4223019480705261,
-0.48894789814949036,
0.5474923253059387,
-0.23266103863716125,
0.32864654064178467,
0.37695398926734924,
-0.24286572635173798,
-0.6198367476463318,
0.2495831549167633,
0.166376531124115,
-0.17404237389564514,
0.06899697333574295,
-0.05164620280265808,
0.4970395863056183,
0.3488818109035492,
0.07707349956035614,
1.0846914052963257,
0.10825534164905548,
0.2493293136358261,
-0.4281996488571167,
0.27478623390197754,
0.07492872327566147,
-0.42029163241386414,
0.24272282421588898,
0.344273179769516,
-0.8726958632469177,
-0.12108483165502548,
0.33737149834632874,
-0.3953041732311249,
-0.8710972666740417,
0.15405435860157013,
0.39915362000465393,
0.5272650122642517,
0.09404819458723068,
0.1564125418663025,
0.6094599366188049,
-0.5639193654060364,
-0.8410361409187317,
0.25373080372810364,
-1.112190842628479,
-0.29211944341659546,
0.569729208946228,
-0.9087365865707397,
0.03977231681346893,
0.05401730537414551,
0.12931367754936218,
0.43234047293663025,
1.0299416780471802,
0.5214917063713074,
-0.5210510492324829,
0.04721123352646828,
-0.34954696893692017,
0.009504614397883415,
-0.6347938179969788,
0.6739521026611328,
-0.05037115886807442,
0.4795762002468109,
-0.7385285496711731,
-0.855758011341095,
-0.08810200542211533,
0.39025911688804626,
0.17855626344680786,
-0.49412038922309875,
-0.06817234307527542,
0.9425544142723083,
-0.16031794250011444,
0.020421752706170082,
-0.1616826355457306,
-0.5190101265907288,
-0.220876082777977,
0.16561411321163177,
0.7654259204864502,
0.6303321123123169,
-0.45209068059921265,
-0.3000931143760681,
0.09384949505329132,
0.02781618945300579,
0.2555220127105713,
-0.19430141150951385,
0.3666631579399109,
-0.7833846807479858,
0.3484586477279663,
0.47038504481315613,
0.18739597499370575,
0.504266619682312,
0.06671249121427536,
-0.47117146849632263,
0.15038734674453735,
0.8764570355415344,
-0.5877960920333862,
0.42189472913742065,
-0.46012887358665466,
-0.6062012314796448,
0.3986811339855194,
0.0004518161586020142,
-0.42026543617248535,
-0.30649513006210327,
-0.35294225811958313,
-0.37515947222709656,
-0.09186147153377533,
-0.961386501789093,
-0.33279794454574585,
0.2475108802318573,
0.719292402267456,
0.2590513825416565,
0.44139575958251953,
-0.31669285893440247,
0.42244479060173035,
-0.16461125016212463,
0.6416853666305542,
-0.024264218285679817,
-0.4049146771430969,
-0.9373008608818054,
0.5263574123382568,
-0.3189716041088104,
-0.22104208171367645,
-0.6095770001411438,
-0.6083217263221741,
0.165641650557518,
-0.5072402358055115,
-0.3768278658390045,
0.5287991166114807,
0.6884439587593079,
-0.12658943235874176,
-0.12319556623697281,
-0.26264888048171997,
-0.35951536893844604,
0.38422510027885437,
-0.11238356679677963,
-0.30388543009757996,
-0.21259261667728424,
-0.245383620262146,
-0.6507958769798279,
0.20147216320037842,
0.772091269493103,
-0.19268134236335754,
-0.3027462065219879,
0.08564842492341995,
0.2781233489513397,
-0.05762992054224014,
-0.10970433056354523,
0.2789904773235321,
0.3872143626213074,
0.09313095360994339,
-0.22387853264808655,
-0.311698853969574,
0.21437261998653412,
-0.0018919336143881083,
0.4332246482372284,
-0.541853666305542,
-0.22695155441761017,
-0.2950986623764038,
-0.2547329366207123,
0.2755044996738434,
0.3942100703716278,
-0.530633807182312,
0.5359072685241699,
0.3825231194496155,
-0.11544489860534668,
-0.6923270225524902,
0.303829163312912,
0.5748892426490784,
-0.5513032078742981,
-0.5219327807426453,
0.034049104899168015,
0.5139942765235901,
-0.34353747963905334,
0.6417362689971924,
-0.1433461308479309,
-0.5546339154243469,
0.161176860332489,
0.07110798358917236,
-0.8153825998306274,
0.2693287134170532,
0.022748364135622978,
-0.5632541179656982,
0.2768092751502991,
0.2138746976852417,
-0.18717706203460693,
0.15051405131816864,
0.5168476700782776,
-0.2864288091659546,
-0.37057825922966003,
-0.17112450301647186,
-0.4733346402645111,
-0.05897551774978638,
-0.11297040432691574,
-0.5480257272720337,
-0.5677967071533203,
0.5186049342155457,
-0.10533825308084488,
-0.43520185351371765,
0.5238577127456665,
-0.7171202301979065,
0.009258453734219074,
-0.346034437417984,
0.16166894137859344,
0.019855989143252373,
0.43197566270828247,
0.23319493234157562,
-0.4309008717536926,
-0.051222167909145355,
0.2712005376815796,
0.10241363942623138,
0.4314297139644623,
1.2021822929382324,
0.16139040887355804,
-0.9681865572929382,
-0.8566232323646545,
0.15785925090312958,
0.5375243425369263,
-0.009433693252503872,
-0.8114239573478699,
0.410980761051178,
0.9958433508872986,
-0.6331911683082581,
-0.06949198991060257,
-0.23832690715789795,
0.7733886241912842,
-0.697538435459137,
-0.21786563098430634,
0.367003470659256,
-0.3434772193431854,
0.38464149832725525,
0.2860686182975769,
0.45886722207069397,
-0.14879953861236572,
0.06099667772650719,
0.23400112986564636,
-0.05597043037414551,
-0.2654542326927185,
-1.0685453414916992,
0.31429821252822876,
-1.486899495124817,
0.05227423831820488,
-0.0022805731277912855,
0.20175546407699585,
0.2589588761329651,
-0.43806901574134827,
0.18504822254180908,
-0.0025460785254836082,
-0.6071515083312988,
-0.259175181388855,
-0.8118448853492737,
-0.29237133264541626,
-0.17484642565250397,
-0.19710782170295715,
-0.3094998300075531,
0.5012404918670654,
-0.858083188533783,
-0.6708229184150696,
-0.0783616453409195,
-0.9060149788856506,
0.08628493547439575,
-0.48308736085891724,
0.2956945300102234,
0.06970873475074768,
-0.23892584443092346,
0.09531840682029724,
0.564918577671051,
0.33944079279899597,
0.31870323419570923,
-0.560869038105011,
0.20334692299365997,
-0.9973260760307312,
0.2758253216743469,
-0.051468197256326675,
-0.49163463711738586,
0.09692458808422089,
-0.09279390424489975,
-0.1705034077167511,
-0.19893042743206024,
0.2982954978942871,
-0.07946034520864487,
0.3761332631111145,
-0.00267179892398417,
0.6167489886283875,
0.48027610778808594,
-0.6687605381011963,
0.24902573227882385,
0.12813641130924225,
-0.3602665662765503,
-0.03607071191072464,
0.6074685454368591,
-0.25263598561286926,
0.032709602266550064,
0.9065005779266357,
0.10729546844959259,
-0.08523023128509521,
1.2809654474258423,
-0.10945240408182144,
0.47285181283950806,
0.21429605782032013,
0.42274266481399536,
-0.35358598828315735,
-0.8671050071716309,
-0.755746603012085,
-0.11827051639556885,
-0.8339071869850159,
0.1117899939417839,
0.13654470443725586,
-0.43414002656936646,
-0.5671570301055908,
-0.2557007074356079,
0.015435807406902313,
0.7500461339950562,
-0.025140151381492615,
0.03967677801847458,
0.6544408798217773,
-0.4821988344192505,
0.18922801315784454,
-0.06880972534418106,
0.7580516934394836,
-0.05310910567641258,
-0.287509948015213,
-0.6955546736717224,
-0.5043371319770813,
-0.7670878171920776,
-0.2823283076286316,
0.28629618883132935,
-0.07382980734109879,
-0.5943233370780945,
-0.3152296543121338,
0.4383634626865387,
-0.13315555453300476,
-0.7902036905288696,
0.24384304881095886,
-0.3394380807876587,
-0.2679344713687897,
-0.5995839834213257,
0.2443147450685501,
-0.31424397230148315,
-0.4407089650630951,
0.9939203262329102,
0.24960610270500183,
0.5925535559654236,
0.1837986260652542,
0.20950095355510712,
0.47106534242630005,
0.24426141381263733,
0.8594584465026855,
0.37932538986206055,
-0.6149702668190002,
0.1170571967959404,
-0.25478437542915344,
0.5624294877052307,
0.017801228910684586,
-0.25271180272102356,
-0.04555697366595268,
-0.3948725461959839,
0.0947200134396553,
0.03195283189415932,
-0.44502928853034973,
-0.7833990454673767,
0.1263291984796524,
-0.32956966757774353,
-0.42295581102371216,
0.07489930093288422,
-0.045589327812194824,
-0.17139248549938202,
-0.1014978215098381,
0.878764271736145,
0.7104973196983337,
0.032989125698804855,
0.35504770278930664,
-0.1573365181684494,
0.6609638333320618,
0.47040292620658875,
0.4641541540622711,
0.4500110149383545,
-0.4681650400161743,
0.37513771653175354,
-0.02184091880917549,
1.0307025909423828,
0.24300241470336914,
0.5497673153877258,
-0.23220296204090118,
0.9351619482040405,
-1.0039318799972534,
-0.08628024905920029,
1.2474913597106934,
-0.019753627479076385,
-0.26013702154159546,
-0.8323512673377991,
-0.08953768759965897,
-0.7057722806930542,
0.7019036412239075,
0.8004701137542725,
-0.30784961581230164,
-0.5106069445610046,
-0.06783529371023178,
0.08738558739423752,
-0.9942391514778137,
0.5151346921920776,
0.16052915155887604,
-0.34031936526298523,
-0.3496028482913971,
0.2179577797651291,
-0.40855392813682556,
-0.6112445592880249,
-0.5021345019340515,
1.1665056943893433,
0.4859451949596405,
-0.30113181471824646,
0.2241874635219574,
-0.05633685737848282,
0.20973771810531616,
-0.1291595697402954,
0.6508709788322449,
0.8989670276641846,
-0.38869526982307434,
-0.6226040720939636,
-0.6896613836288452,
0.6270180344581604,
-0.07811848074197769,
-0.5564307570457458,
-0.004689049441367388,
-0.36425673961639404,
-0.014821135438978672,
0.24361704289913177,
0.2150757908821106,
-0.2372768670320511,
0.46418496966362,
-0.15479378402233124
]
|
123543 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinton%2C%20Montana | Clinton, Montana | Clinton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Missoula County, Montana, United States. It is part of the 'Missoula, Montana Metropolitan Statistical Area'. The CDP was named for General Sir Henry Clinton. The population was 1,052 at the 2010 census, an increase from its population of 549 in 2000.
Originally established in 1883 as a stage stop and post office, the town name was changed in 1892 to honor C. L. Clinton, an official of the Northern Pacific Railroad.
Geography
Clinton is located at (46.775792, -113.715031).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and 0.51% is water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,052 people, 204 households, and 153 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 278.6 people per square mile (107.6/km2). There were 216 housing units at an average density of 109.6 per square mile (42.3/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.81% White, 0.36% African American, 1.64% Native American, 0.18% Asian, and 2.00% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.36% of the population.
There were 204 households, out of which 39.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.0% were non-families. 20.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.07.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 30.4% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 33.0% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 7.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $31,731, and the median income for a family was $32,188. Males had a median income of $29,643 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,510. About 16.0% of families and 19.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.3% of those under age 18 and 20.7% of those age 65 or over.
See also
Testicle Festival
References
Census-designated places in Missoula County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.03461379185318947,
0.6606922149658203,
-0.3912471830844879,
0.276793897151947,
0.7058877348899841,
0.5333992838859558,
0.44544029235839844,
0.3500213623046875,
-0.1947699785232544,
-0.12081994861364365,
-0.13771474361419678,
-0.3081745505332947,
-0.45297539234161377,
0.8087232112884521,
-0.6618589162826538,
0.32957354187965393,
0.24613738059997559,
0.65303635597229,
0.7448983192443848,
-0.333527147769928,
0.27403396368026733,
-0.3961408734321594,
-0.02618761733174324,
0.7271429300308228,
-0.2560335695743561,
0.8792120814323425,
0.8896448612213135,
0.05225139483809471,
-0.34024280309677124,
-0.07178321480751038,
-0.4215345084667206,
0.28285184502601624,
-0.3090178370475769,
-0.2543790638446808,
0.4033905863761902,
-0.3005986213684082,
0.05099322274327278,
-0.18606507778167725,
0.017114372923970222,
-0.5195598602294922,
0.05710103362798691,
-0.07201917469501495,
0.19287049770355225,
-0.1941349357366562,
0.35008931159973145,
-0.3123525083065033,
-1.1899405717849731,
0.7480475306510925,
-1.315845251083374,
-1.1891807317733765,
-0.46004530787467957,
-0.05061092600226402,
0.4969472289085388,
0.258189857006073,
0.8564126491546631,
0.19821250438690186,
-0.4822993278503418,
0.3173769414424896,
0.4132198095321655,
0.26548653841018677,
-0.05020219832658768,
0.6508803367614746,
0.13337451219558716,
-0.034527312964200974,
0.16127902269363403,
-0.34402626752853394,
0.06610988080501556,
0.3472371995449066,
0.1868106573820114,
-0.8373316526412964,
-0.24278977513313293,
0.3244478702545166,
-0.4651327431201935,
0.91396564245224,
-0.053539592772722244,
0.4882465600967407,
-0.40505531430244446,
0.29202428460121155,
-0.15962447226047516,
-0.15883085131645203,
0.33290761709213257,
0.10216375440359116,
0.39255186915397644,
0.11581996828317642,
0.09448188543319702,
0.026912735775113106,
-0.8108830451965332,
-0.06388916075229645,
0.19209834933280945,
0.5445021986961365,
-1.1047115325927734,
0.04201464727520943,
-0.11880311369895935,
-0.11442764103412628,
0.12788192927837372,
-0.659827709197998,
-0.7275316715240479,
0.6075250506401062,
0.011475969105958939,
0.34191498160362244,
-0.29615017771720886,
-0.5060562491416931,
1.0360993146896362,
-0.13429684937000275,
-0.4203855097293854,
-0.9711108207702637,
-0.6042979955673218,
-0.26622381806373596,
0.23910732567310333,
-0.12307233363389969,
0.016375994309782982,
0.6457026600837708,
0.09727245569229126,
-0.6213582754135132,
-0.4342411756515503,
0.14751426875591278,
-0.03717312589287758,
-0.3221479058265686,
-0.4176459312438965,
-0.3775572180747986,
0.43518802523612976,
0.7770283818244934,
-0.1309550702571869,
-0.2109702080488205,
-0.12471118569374084,
0.19944007694721222,
0.7397391200065613,
0.07715416699647903,
-0.10906460881233215,
0.22389040887355804,
-0.6759593486785889,
0.780029833316803,
-0.15084035694599152,
0.4472693204879761,
-0.1363057643175125,
-1.0037660598754883,
0.0006211731815710664,
-0.31414976716041565,
0.44770562648773193,
0.08974189311265945,
-0.6313564777374268,
0.23525837063789368,
-0.31393295526504517,
-0.058339912444353104,
0.42971286177635193,
0.04430825263261795,
0.4419385492801666,
-0.35689082741737366,
0.3259792923927307,
-0.3083668053150177,
0.5231311917304993,
0.3138086497783661,
0.47963830828666687,
0.8615025281906128,
0.024452289566397667,
0.2345539927482605,
0.8013200163841248,
0.32799628376960754,
0.20782095193862915,
0.6059373021125793,
0.1759730875492096,
0.8255320191383362,
0.8625645041465759,
-0.06250222772359848,
0.9903560280799866,
-0.219581738114357,
0.5097237229347229,
-0.5536361336708069,
0.2877104580402374,
0.45241448283195496,
-0.13511976599693298,
0.44907012581825256,
0.463057279586792,
-0.14307986199855804,
0.7419474124908447,
-0.6991823315620422,
0.6924112439155579,
0.09188458323478699,
0.1564798504114151,
0.04893863946199417,
-0.7597673535346985,
0.27885544300079346,
0.23250560462474823,
-0.011782844550907612,
0.0495821014046669,
0.42479196190834045,
0.24301625788211823,
0.11116047203540802,
-0.38807162642478943,
-0.3615913689136505,
-0.36118224263191223,
-0.9170859456062317,
0.375254362821579,
-0.1748022586107254,
0.2850225567817688,
0.06273746490478516,
-0.22439022362232208,
0.36643186211586,
-0.40552961826324463,
0.30092447996139526,
-0.44129836559295654,
-0.39452865719795227,
0.7478324174880981,
-0.8558043837547302,
-0.3285992741584778,
0.24689501523971558,
0.3834417760372162,
-0.012222074903547764,
0.2984081208705902,
1.2294697761535645,
0.03794948384165764,
-0.4340691566467285,
0.01151298824697733,
1.2549225091934204,
-0.517669141292572,
-0.37974226474761963,
0.029189985245466232,
-0.10497384518384933,
0.38871127367019653,
-0.43931350111961365,
0.3616604208946228,
0.380712628364563,
0.26102396845817566,
-0.19460703432559967,
-0.10374048352241516,
0.3859853744506836,
0.2719403803348541,
0.022334590554237366,
-0.5532629489898682,
0.4566372036933899,
0.527873158454895,
0.556546688079834,
0.4065956771373749,
-0.2971171438694,
0.1571931391954422,
-0.3699944317340851,
-0.09958875924348831,
-0.5135467052459717,
0.8259183168411255,
-0.5454044938087463,
-0.24671639502048492,
0.07163877785205841,
-0.5810812711715698,
-0.07443723827600479,
0.7305517196655273,
0.41674405336380005,
0.15342257916927338,
0.06421388685703278,
0.07606152445077896,
-0.4838363528251648,
0.218749538064003,
-0.04475045204162598,
0.4943031668663025,
-0.8589041233062744,
-0.10092545300722122,
0.16553995013237,
-0.04738622531294823,
-0.1259128451347351,
0.34218883514404297,
0.022515682503581047,
-0.6341742277145386,
0.4945083558559418,
-0.5164098143577576,
-0.3202027976512909,
0.34650424122810364,
-0.8170526623725891,
-0.698697566986084,
-0.214901864528656,
-0.23796159029006958,
1.0073508024215698,
0.356375515460968,
-0.22692187130451202,
-0.35660237073898315,
-0.3359106481075287,
0.6076685190200806,
0.08630979806184769,
-0.3891780376434326,
0.033911239355802536,
-0.9553188681602478,
-0.3995659351348877,
0.7936420440673828,
1.0518089532852173,
-0.25371816754341125,
-0.49894222617149353,
-0.4116213619709015,
-0.23970778286457062,
1.0200775861740112,
-0.3982362747192383,
-0.6998763084411621,
-0.001117031672038138,
-0.047206614166498184,
-0.06973165273666382,
-0.4094886779785156,
0.5809887051582336,
-0.1080612912774086,
0.1306600123643875,
0.09640209376811981,
-0.06411776691675186,
0.3501674234867096,
-0.6742954254150391,
0.3159908950328827,
0.4651908874511719,
-0.3764178454875946,
0.1115187555551529,
0.33326247334480286,
-0.7553958296775818,
0.5796758532524109,
-1.0062552690505981,
-4.8333611488342285,
0.8815945982933044,
0.019001346081495285,
-0.16180375218391418,
-0.11827002465724945,
-0.37438321113586426,
0.11492939293384552,
-0.3339635133743286,
-0.04754583537578583,
0.5562388896942139,
-0.3897455334663391,
-0.5928331017494202,
0.20018799602985382,
0.3335666358470917,
0.802207350730896,
0.15489155054092407,
1.1817470788955688,
-0.6890382170677185,
0.6757171154022217,
0.6605295538902283,
0.12449031323194504,
0.25836580991744995,
-0.06608579307794571,
0.02803398296236992,
0.7751946449279785,
0.3036332428455353,
-0.08488639444112778,
-0.25061744451522827,
-0.4654935598373413,
-0.31480392813682556,
0.37502068281173706,
0.5060422420501709,
-0.6685388684272766,
-0.35880938172340393,
0.20826715230941772,
-0.06570848822593689,
0.01277189515531063,
-0.3880079984664917,
0.5590255260467529,
-0.20857246220111847,
0.6466280221939087,
0.23728123307228088,
-0.2809552848339081,
-0.4512059986591339,
0.5237047076225281,
-0.038480594754219055,
-0.33964571356773376,
-0.6731048226356506,
-0.2623066008090973,
0.8550980091094971,
0.5621712803840637,
0.20200109481811523,
0.8217733502388,
0.2493586540222168,
0.13915137946605682,
-0.3503892421722412,
0.4284253716468811,
0.12714526057243347,
-0.6406950354576111,
0.6513909697532654,
-0.10896851122379303,
-0.7169501781463623,
0.3408513367176056,
0.28638312220573425,
-0.15882039070129395,
-0.4505292475223541,
0.09928862750530243,
0.3564009368419647,
0.0990295335650444,
0.5198872685432434,
-0.11957404762506485,
0.3899921178817749,
-0.4184825122356415,
-0.6686806082725525,
0.37167006731033325,
-0.7501434683799744,
-0.30611881613731384,
0.2838732898235321,
-1.2699624300003052,
-0.25163066387176514,
0.016569985076785088,
0.07629038393497467,
0.26549574732780457,
0.6848987936973572,
0.7744238376617432,
-0.48034247756004333,
-0.2719789445400238,
0.3692413568496704,
-0.29602718353271484,
-0.5873520374298096,
0.606953501701355,
0.21387259662151337,
0.7326363325119019,
-0.2561955153942108,
-0.07154056429862976,
-0.2365451604127884,
0.4037427306175232,
-0.2356739491224289,
0.16906513273715973,
-0.1674608439207077,
0.16422367095947266,
-0.24304458498954773,
-0.02764083258807659,
-0.44019341468811035,
-0.40442484617233276,
-0.6898499131202698,
0.15427421033382416,
0.06709148734807968,
0.5279237031936646,
-0.5724698901176453,
-0.4412926435470581,
-0.5395583510398865,
-0.3652297854423523,
-0.01588844694197178,
0.1770630031824112,
0.6237868666648865,
-0.1254831850528717,
0.28773146867752075,
0.5392835140228271,
0.5277456045150757,
0.03432287648320198,
-0.0035831353161484003,
-0.49856656789779663,
0.03626314550638199,
0.02407900243997574,
-0.4662690758705139,
0.20810259878635406,
-0.25407540798187256,
-0.5912694931030273,
0.7718594670295715,
0.02680872194468975,
-0.20335957407951355,
-0.8047954440116882,
-0.47278928756713867,
-0.47966933250427246,
0.34694454073905945,
-0.48929277062416077,
-0.7061454653739929,
0.29947590827941895,
0.5767694115638733,
0.24701227247714996,
0.16633829474449158,
-0.26263394951820374,
0.36550015211105347,
-0.37286415696144104,
0.18765386939048767,
0.5091726183891296,
-0.21105973422527313,
-0.6728219985961914,
0.34688523411750793,
-1.0043392181396484,
-0.4491710364818573,
-0.019387416541576385,
-0.5774561166763306,
0.285333514213562,
0.05125081166625023,
0.2065085619688034,
0.32874369621276855,
0.6167665123939514,
-0.4127195477485657,
0.4643922448158264,
-0.667607843875885,
-0.3379487991333008,
1.208207607269287,
-0.22502388060092926,
-0.1205911636352539,
-0.4695177674293518,
-0.23055703938007355,
-1.0267601013183594,
0.3251796364784241,
0.8910394906997681,
-0.44864964485168457,
-0.1066955029964447,
0.0879756435751915,
0.46780911087989807,
-0.3875640034675598,
0.2854377329349518,
0.2612674832344055,
0.00687353266403079,
-0.2599802017211914,
-0.537964403629303,
-0.23868383467197418,
-0.3097172975540161,
-0.23654864728450775,
-0.058621540665626526,
-0.6857960820198059,
-0.5284397006034851,
0.01985207386314869,
-0.3425372242927551,
-0.07933367788791656,
-0.03414439782500267,
-0.46637341380119324,
0.46499401330947876,
-0.19769062101840973,
0.0842035785317421,
-0.7455859184265137,
0.7251561880111694,
-0.12857654690742493,
-0.6761251091957092,
-0.8253920078277588,
0.01678798347711563,
0.5666579604148865,
-0.048211630433797836,
0.6184216737747192,
-0.46946483850479126,
-0.5981056690216064,
0.32788872718811035,
0.733135461807251,
-1.0551478862762451,
0.4003150761127472,
-0.3792264759540558,
-0.5630884766578674,
0.7615222334861755,
0.5864304900169373,
-0.25792694091796875,
0.7785202264785767,
0.6121984124183655,
0.46948960423469543,
-0.38110339641571045,
-0.01493504736572504,
-0.7176241874694824,
0.05813299119472504,
0.09661370515823364,
-0.950485110282898,
-0.650263786315918,
0.5128364562988281,
0.34601646661758423,
-0.3980342149734497,
0.7916439175605774,
-0.8125315308570862,
-0.3820212185382843,
0.02032569609582424,
-0.2759808599948883,
-0.19091397523880005,
0.8885887265205383,
-0.05106548219919205,
-0.36930927634239197,
-0.07918734103441238,
0.5100975632667542,
-0.10070645064115524,
-0.003853543195873499,
1.0936030149459839,
0.534688413143158,
-0.4785483479499817,
-0.7882906198501587,
0.25879302620887756,
0.7868104577064514,
-0.04704364016652107,
-1.310534119606018,
0.7906934022903442,
0.5777741074562073,
-0.6249120831489563,
-0.4201549291610718,
0.14501143991947174,
0.9190918803215027,
-0.35919803380966187,
-0.5277028679847717,
0.7671632170677185,
-0.3815511167049408,
0.6772987842559814,
0.40749767422676086,
0.14002157747745514,
0.3572567403316498,
0.40014326572418213,
0.5155887007713318,
-0.18587526679039001,
0.22286981344223022,
-0.48542994260787964,
0.229930579662323,
-1.1075022220611572,
0.11934129893779755,
-0.10181731730699539,
0.11252125352621078,
-0.027601487934589386,
-0.1911735087633133,
0.04710729420185089,
-0.1812894642353058,
-0.8348482251167297,
0.044757068157196045,
-0.23380015790462494,
-0.0987362414598465,
0.03768834099173546,
0.4172592759132385,
-0.23313364386558533,
0.3210989534854889,
-0.7590648531913757,
-0.6558392643928528,
0.30321452021598816,
-0.7578511238098145,
0.3190789222717285,
-0.51919025182724,
-0.009035134688019753,
-0.1288909614086151,
-0.7629685401916504,
-0.03134164586663246,
0.4624214768409729,
0.12749320268630981,
-0.034705739468336105,
-0.6720216870307922,
-0.14550556242465973,
-0.8498586416244507,
0.7978430390357971,
-0.40147775411605835,
-0.2182503044605255,
-0.1816479116678238,
0.047986265271902084,
-0.4090019464492798,
-0.6877800226211548,
0.1238720640540123,
0.15086986124515533,
0.21278829872608185,
-0.45501208305358887,
0.5461224913597107,
0.3840668797492981,
-0.6378449201583862,
0.5995001196861267,
0.4126479923725128,
-0.16498181223869324,
-0.9593908786773682,
0.3053726851940155,
-0.6179340481758118,
-0.5642665028572083,
0.5190949440002441,
0.932843804359436,
-0.06246424466371536,
0.9076040387153625,
0.09725947678089142,
0.1237797737121582,
-0.2458958476781845,
0.41756170988082886,
-0.3791971206665039,
-0.8234457969665527,
-0.7728615999221802,
0.20193582773208618,
-0.7443086504936218,
-0.3888503313064575,
-0.41497182846069336,
-0.2194039225578308,
-0.48671621084213257,
0.4347362816333771,
0.25490719079971313,
0.24894294142723083,
-0.17113423347473145,
-0.036723311990499496,
0.3359881043434143,
-0.3559476137161255,
0.17215979099273682,
-0.009832334704697132,
0.29744088649749756,
-0.28274422883987427,
-0.3958415985107422,
-0.43698570132255554,
-0.7165671586990356,
-0.6586617827415466,
-0.4252517521381378,
-0.22806617617607117,
0.4223504960536957,
-0.45326241850852966,
-0.16270694136619568,
-0.12799406051635742,
-0.11245360225439072,
-0.7370187044143677,
0.41313716769218445,
-0.025412343442440033,
-0.3476450741291046,
-0.5721466541290283,
0.2478892207145691,
-0.045769717544317245,
0.019505564123392105,
0.6430618166923523,
0.5752187967300415,
0.5102100372314453,
-0.07690469175577164,
0.14418332278728485,
0.47453728318214417,
0.07309480756521225,
0.1997995674610138,
0.23398426175117493,
-0.12574346363544464,
0.051679328083992004,
-0.24296756088733673,
0.10894469171762466,
-0.5733069181442261,
-0.33991286158561707,
0.0776003748178482,
-0.5781798958778381,
-0.06186963617801666,
0.2404300570487976,
0.2913149297237396,
-0.8396514058113098,
0.39530932903289795,
-0.4971027374267578,
-0.8831868767738342,
0.18214428424835205,
-0.1564060002565384,
-0.1879481077194214,
0.30473148822784424,
0.8795782923698425,
1.03200364112854,
0.10466161370277405,
0.43831440806388855,
-0.15668734908103943,
0.16790275275707245,
0.012127579189836979,
0.32620295882225037,
0.5206645131111145,
-0.10550519824028015,
0.41393953561782837,
-1.2470930814743042,
0.8493520617485046,
0.10800661146640778,
0.5738763809204102,
-0.18944549560546875,
1.004916787147522,
-0.2987608015537262,
-0.36620885133743286,
0.6704819798469543,
-0.29429107904434204,
-0.40113383531570435,
-0.307372123003006,
0.5189576745033264,
-1.0191513299942017,
0.5010930895805359,
0.30432945489883423,
-0.16707858443260193,
-0.4077424705028534,
-0.3317098915576935,
-0.07119236886501312,
-0.7244877219200134,
0.5753726959228516,
0.30508121848106384,
-1.0700023174285889,
0.25594058632850647,
0.2220611274242401,
-0.16638848185539246,
-0.49158209562301636,
-0.2981753945350647,
1.2263267040252686,
0.6231399178504944,
-0.5447745323181152,
-0.5224108695983887,
-0.19604364037513733,
-0.024057738482952118,
0.09704627096652985,
-0.07944434881210327,
0.5673394203186035,
-0.6166242361068726,
-0.5732598304748535,
-0.7366257905960083,
0.3295997381210327,
-0.27853259444236755,
0.2258472442626953,
0.07269365340471268,
-0.2624751925468445,
0.13841107487678528,
-0.009957646019756794,
0.08132775127887726,
-0.4312053918838501,
0.7636499404907227,
-0.010749544017016888
]
|
123544 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East%20Missoula%2C%20Montana | East Missoula, Montana | East Missoula is a census-designated place (CDP) in Missoula County, Montana, United States. It is part of the 'Missoula, Montana Metropolitan Statistical Area'. The population was 2,157 at the 2010 census, an increase from its population of 2,070 in 2000.
Geography
East Missoula is located at (46.875110, -113.941269).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (3.55%) is water.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, East Missoula has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,157 people, 795 households, and 519 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,514.1 people per square mile (583.4/km2). There were 828 housing units at an average density of 605.6/sq mi (233.4/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 93.57% White, 0.34% African American, 3.24% Native American, 0.48% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 2.13% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.64% of the population.
There were 795 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.6% were non-families. 26.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 31.8% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.2 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $27,094, and the median income for a family was $38,464. Males had a median income of $26,150 versus $18,000 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,333. About 7.6% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.0% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Missoula County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.20611755549907684,
0.5980818271636963,
0.032952066510915756,
0.09330041706562042,
0.5771962404251099,
0.04416419938206673,
0.6900191903114319,
0.32703307271003723,
-0.3927491009235382,
-0.02278422936797142,
-0.6668432950973511,
0.09623215347528458,
-0.6130804419517517,
0.679934024810791,
-0.41723060607910156,
0.23213040828704834,
0.40705591440200806,
0.9891555905342102,
0.5315108895301819,
-0.0885651484131813,
0.09450767189264297,
-0.4874305725097656,
0.2617523968219757,
0.9062131643295288,
-0.17125828564167023,
0.513321042060852,
0.729566752910614,
-0.04765595123171806,
-0.26228591799736023,
-0.12605290114879608,
-0.18519344925880432,
0.7443740963935852,
-0.24153079092502594,
-0.45527175068855286,
0.08514907211065292,
-0.46384379267692566,
0.2662474513053894,
0.06982465833425522,
-0.0501956082880497,
-0.2191225290298462,
-0.20706433057785034,
-0.1019182875752449,
0.021527331322431564,
-0.33182135224342346,
0.6867517232894897,
-0.6851693391799927,
-1.4248086214065552,
0.13880138099193573,
-1.0592514276504517,
-0.40050172805786133,
-0.7712208032608032,
-0.31181207299232483,
0.20129336416721344,
0.19155654311180115,
0.36758023500442505,
0.1548214554786682,
-0.5172034502029419,
0.04383989796042442,
0.7186263203620911,
0.129542738199234,
-0.14664791524410248,
0.16869525611400604,
0.06528507173061371,
-0.023542625829577446,
-0.12972107529640198,
0.27094566822052,
0.0786270722746849,
0.24330352246761322,
0.21078462898731232,
-0.5326140522956848,
-0.18744325637817383,
0.20095834136009216,
-0.4832082986831665,
0.541209876537323,
0.365949809551239,
0.053633950650691986,
-0.2604212462902069,
-0.022893240675330162,
0.011735762469470501,
-0.07896389812231064,
0.5380259156227112,
0.13998840749263763,
-0.021875077858567238,
0.2950701117515564,
-0.36394235491752625,
-0.17164087295532227,
-0.4329436421394348,
-0.17107030749320984,
0.1785087138414383,
1.160574197769165,
-0.8124591112136841,
-0.33379697799682617,
0.15040799975395203,
0.1171969547867775,
0.348381906747818,
-0.6343737840652466,
-0.140595942735672,
0.49715232849121094,
-0.33679506182670593,
0.3875846564769745,
-0.4786924421787262,
0.014274111948907375,
0.8280505537986755,
0.012884553521871567,
-0.6918878555297852,
-0.6797747015953064,
-0.6675516963005066,
0.16890276968479156,
0.0955786406993866,
-0.13838928937911987,
-0.572333574295044,
0.4780298173427582,
0.12982656061649323,
-0.5222447514533997,
-0.4573359489440918,
0.13186024129390717,
0.28174179792404175,
-0.6737312078475952,
-0.3861194849014282,
-0.4199419617652893,
0.2606027126312256,
0.5562540888786316,
-0.019175883382558823,
0.03910447284579277,
-0.5354501605033875,
0.45663970708847046,
0.8219285011291504,
-0.010545782744884491,
0.22225801646709442,
0.3236022889614105,
-0.6842277646064758,
0.4526080787181854,
-0.15015770494937897,
0.5378023982048035,
0.004730383399873972,
-0.763327419757843,
-0.1071978285908699,
-0.13121166825294495,
0.4119639992713928,
0.12162856757640839,
-0.4394686222076416,
0.323476642370224,
-0.3996945023536682,
0.08010447770357132,
0.35110241174697876,
-0.04734465852379799,
-0.512763500213623,
-0.5125970840454102,
0.029806368052959442,
-0.2847464680671692,
0.1311253160238266,
-0.010476700961589813,
0.032221946865320206,
0.3164089322090149,
0.23341885209083557,
0.3134325444698334,
0.5194451808929443,
0.18438664078712463,
0.34653428196907043,
0.42668232321739197,
0.30907875299453735,
0.9228980541229248,
0.8812949061393738,
-0.03857508301734924,
0.6710686683654785,
-0.4046640396118164,
0.6562663316726685,
-0.7919499278068542,
0.3667795956134796,
0.6072568893432617,
-0.006214422173798084,
0.32251664996147156,
0.7702355980873108,
-0.4760686159133911,
0.3960747718811035,
-0.7592910528182983,
0.46206995844841003,
0.663881778717041,
-0.09397193789482117,
0.1196969524025917,
-0.6536046862602234,
0.911046028137207,
-0.28854089975357056,
-0.31566211581230164,
-0.22166433930397034,
0.5512685179710388,
0.07336888462305069,
0.13423268496990204,
-0.6249588131904602,
-0.3891177177429199,
-0.4322584569454193,
-1.4762884378433228,
1.0470420122146606,
-0.07119011133909225,
0.5048427581787109,
0.16410721838474274,
0.04587249830365181,
0.43922415375709534,
-0.5935388207435608,
0.2344302535057068,
-0.28627756237983704,
-0.44582998752593994,
1.1033143997192383,
-0.4602453410625458,
-0.5730090737342834,
0.4578819274902344,
0.13791151344776154,
0.05679347366094589,
-0.03227442130446434,
1.0835566520690918,
-0.02412400022149086,
-0.2039952278137207,
0.079208143055439,
0.9519312381744385,
-0.37090441584587097,
0.0876479372382164,
-0.1349140852689743,
-0.06916879862546921,
0.2027190625667572,
-0.33669066429138184,
0.3455899953842163,
0.3722964823246002,
0.0177015233784914,
-0.2776675522327423,
-0.2176872342824936,
0.37404629588127136,
0.8602578043937683,
0.0688377097249031,
-0.2872166633605957,
0.1846247911453247,
0.45101115107536316,
0.5696545243263245,
0.22416728734970093,
-0.24496522545814514,
0.17420080304145813,
-0.2686709463596344,
0.1546935737133026,
-0.3107958734035492,
0.9215715527534485,
-0.48886582255363464,
-0.09163474291563034,
0.09834174066781998,
-0.20260900259017944,
0.04426172748208046,
0.6396455764770508,
0.45925289392471313,
-0.2551940679550171,
0.25509142875671387,
-0.42895767092704773,
-0.05906986817717552,
-0.033171724528074265,
-0.13855022192001343,
0.5358956456184387,
-0.30802807211875916,
0.23890243470668793,
0.15723755955696106,
0.020504536107182503,
0.004389336798340082,
0.34356939792633057,
-0.05295431613922119,
-0.09180609881877899,
0.3859887719154358,
-0.03929661214351654,
-0.33951032161712646,
0.7414718270301819,
-0.5142391920089722,
-0.2646888792514801,
-0.4487147331237793,
-0.1542917788028717,
0.6815348267555237,
0.3445695638656616,
-0.10376912355422974,
0.05606946349143982,
0.033531222492456436,
0.435783326625824,
0.20866574347019196,
-0.3399602770805359,
0.03499725088477135,
-0.8013613820075989,
-0.41507428884506226,
0.45142117142677307,
0.9686387777328491,
-0.4396323263645172,
-0.1421319991350174,
0.04596245288848877,
-0.3739529550075531,
0.841996431350708,
-0.07257629185914993,
-0.7347270846366882,
0.13884522020816803,
0.12122370302677155,
0.17133860290050507,
-0.1100497916340828,
0.16830439865589142,
-0.3410612642765045,
0.5158601403236389,
0.07406871765851974,
0.2940845787525177,
0.6279152035713196,
-0.9448664784431458,
0.38033655285835266,
0.12707071006298065,
-0.5942467451095581,
0.08000448346138,
-0.2504551410675049,
-0.5399501919746399,
0.27422842383384705,
-0.6652786135673523,
-5.000796794891357,
0.6509575843811035,
-0.6292516589164734,
-0.052394114434719086,
-0.4651750326156616,
-0.2970835864543915,
0.24895361065864563,
-0.281596302986145,
-0.18893349170684814,
0.4307306110858917,
-0.22613678872585297,
-0.44294455647468567,
-0.13337856531143188,
0.5941446423530579,
0.6635004878044128,
0.20637644827365875,
0.3685750961303711,
-0.4347541928291321,
0.8706408143043518,
0.16485580801963806,
0.15561005473136902,
0.42021068930625916,
-0.09215936064720154,
0.0029890972655266523,
0.7985028028488159,
0.49568551778793335,
-0.13904684782028198,
-0.04527075216174126,
-0.29818299412727356,
-0.38263991475105286,
0.374541312456131,
0.1761329174041748,
-0.8781630396842957,
-0.3476177155971527,
0.31554314494132996,
-0.15857380628585815,
0.040416598320007324,
-0.35939979553222656,
0.6467952132225037,
0.016563599929213524,
0.5019933581352234,
0.1691405475139618,
-0.1080026626586914,
0.25784483551979065,
0.42094746232032776,
0.21626171469688416,
0.3864399492740631,
-0.3059691786766052,
0.05731969699263573,
0.5560401082038879,
0.30903953313827515,
0.19869321584701538,
0.8758071660995483,
0.5635072588920593,
0.24358145892620087,
-0.3547384440898895,
0.04338051378726959,
0.2648250162601471,
-0.33009541034698486,
0.7869895100593567,
-0.020595058798789978,
-0.6518231630325317,
-0.2502044141292572,
-0.053404055535793304,
-0.27983009815216064,
-0.49651822447776794,
0.006812164559960365,
-0.06381864100694656,
0.4899280071258545,
0.06238766387104988,
-0.3056351840496063,
0.006887029390782118,
-0.9392715692520142,
-0.7713963389396667,
-0.23614513874053955,
-0.7334826588630676,
-0.11208286881446838,
0.5628584027290344,
-0.7520976066589355,
-0.062058765441179276,
-0.3306277394294739,
-0.16452115774154663,
0.21673184633255005,
0.6527299284934998,
0.41247621178627014,
-0.4373272955417633,
-0.30987343192100525,
0.1207571029663086,
-0.1257508397102356,
-0.32276731729507446,
0.5076447129249573,
0.02127147652208805,
0.44233736395835876,
-0.15196382999420166,
-0.41311371326446533,
-0.3345588147640228,
0.32708096504211426,
-0.4583475887775421,
-0.06404589861631393,
-0.4626469612121582,
-0.017905522137880325,
-0.16367942094802856,
0.029486265033483505,
-0.1391247808933258,
-0.5124644637107849,
-0.8988426327705383,
0.25930213928222656,
0.019302448257803917,
0.6520572304725647,
-0.8301085233688354,
-0.34340423345565796,
-0.22952456772327423,
-0.37212374806404114,
-0.0021846320014446974,
0.19964931905269623,
0.1316673755645752,
-0.0010092180455103517,
-0.08911814540624619,
0.6449242830276489,
0.3440787196159363,
0.33687877655029297,
-0.16918036341667175,
-0.21463994681835175,
0.28773075342178345,
-0.29811349511146545,
-0.10364258289337158,
0.46121495962142944,
-0.06703336536884308,
-0.3145402669906616,
0.7281391620635986,
0.11313281208276749,
-0.28019726276397705,
-0.4708676338195801,
-0.4170619547367096,
0.13733579218387604,
0.05570030212402344,
-0.2766806483268738,
-0.5423978567123413,
-0.16947883367538452,
0.15847034752368927,
0.3664882183074951,
0.17942258715629578,
-0.2205881029367447,
1.0008015632629395,
-0.47647109627723694,
0.13078469038009644,
0.46152302622795105,
-0.5625438094139099,
-1.0953067541122437,
0.27105003595352173,
-0.9338490962982178,
-0.15117214620113373,
0.09767718613147736,
-0.29589590430259705,
0.3198343515396118,
0.11542827636003494,
-0.04983929544687271,
0.28629907965660095,
-0.10892750322818756,
-0.19294826686382294,
0.6639916896820068,
-0.3909468948841095,
-0.4103335738182068,
0.7336790561676025,
0.09393086284399033,
0.016829637810587883,
-0.9637953042984009,
-0.25212404131889343,
-0.6102492213249207,
0.2621113061904907,
0.7199057936668396,
-0.7390090823173523,
-0.27536699175834656,
-0.2006913423538208,
0.6140658855438232,
-0.4240891635417938,
0.2819187641143799,
0.49889543652534485,
0.13298729062080383,
-0.552997350692749,
-0.24462437629699707,
-0.4390600919723511,
-0.4379262328147888,
-0.49276575446128845,
-0.09455382823944092,
-0.31141984462738037,
-0.2946571409702301,
-0.08635116368532181,
-0.11603502929210663,
-0.17715716361999512,
0.541265606880188,
-0.600492000579834,
-0.028810853138566017,
0.07552258670330048,
0.1951531618833542,
-1.0752665996551514,
0.35303637385368347,
-0.3851604461669922,
-0.18469800055027008,
-0.5288774371147156,
0.3588699400424957,
0.24154697358608246,
0.3868033289909363,
0.5341290235519409,
-0.19408367574214935,
-0.5556474924087524,
0.6365521550178528,
0.45473748445510864,
-0.962715744972229,
0.5323267579078674,
-0.2055060863494873,
-0.7244171500205994,
0.7526772022247314,
1.0505138635635376,
-0.16208894550800323,
0.6952462196350098,
0.6429068446159363,
0.520311176776886,
-0.275753915309906,
-0.011045687831938267,
-0.5886055827140808,
0.3502306640148163,
-0.2903948724269867,
-1.1375890970230103,
-0.8186851143836975,
0.6316770911216736,
0.3805800974369049,
-0.4584340453147888,
1.1398993730545044,
-0.7666963338851929,
-0.26752138137817383,
-0.15867769718170166,
-0.13812895119190216,
-0.15157608687877655,
0.5451011061668396,
0.44122248888015747,
-0.47750648856163025,
-0.15736599266529083,
0.3933693468570709,
-0.10354740917682648,
-0.019282659515738487,
0.8495429158210754,
0.4698072075843811,
-0.43261271715164185,
-0.48413169384002686,
0.8453354239463806,
0.4986637234687805,
-0.07340376079082489,
-1.2724992036819458,
1.1285332441329956,
0.25785332918167114,
-0.30981191992759705,
-0.4762219488620758,
-0.22149281203746796,
1.059860348701477,
-0.5158300399780273,
-0.43391838669776917,
0.9209858775138855,
-0.16944736242294312,
0.545195996761322,
0.07115345448255539,
-0.2772969603538513,
0.4764730632305145,
0.4831063151359558,
0.4893808960914612,
0.05497288703918457,
0.2938935458660126,
-0.6495458483695984,
-0.12020272016525269,
-0.899235188961029,
-0.20261573791503906,
-0.599670946598053,
0.14566268026828766,
-0.141850546002388,
-0.3926476538181305,
0.035749923437833786,
-0.35730189085006714,
-1.0207771062850952,
-0.974472165107727,
-0.28615280985832214,
-0.11851916462182999,
-0.36694347858428955,
-0.016753775998950005,
-0.03339822590351105,
0.6193922758102417,
-0.5589219331741333,
-0.21605926752090454,
0.2165192812681198,
-0.9512025713920593,
0.2637422978878021,
-0.7305639386177063,
-0.1544073522090912,
-0.11267779022455215,
-0.6670523881912231,
0.0815596804022789,
0.38961562514305115,
0.3150811493396759,
0.377665638923645,
-0.5040526390075684,
-0.3565799593925476,
-0.793217122554779,
1.4013553857803345,
-0.04287131503224373,
-0.43140214681625366,
0.17893151938915253,
0.2533058524131775,
-0.6962239146232605,
-0.5036123394966125,
0.5456976294517517,
0.3560231328010559,
0.24342498183250427,
-0.19784888625144958,
0.057007692754268646,
0.9423283934593201,
-0.5511892437934875,
0.6376404762268066,
0.16648787260055542,
-0.4691019058227539,
-0.2267960011959076,
0.4938952922821045,
-0.45566943287849426,
-0.1176021471619606,
0.9631888270378113,
0.40944796800613403,
-0.27301502227783203,
0.79426509141922,
-0.12653976678848267,
0.26425856351852417,
-0.0024305458646267653,
0.7029147148132324,
-0.2055233269929886,
-0.830316424369812,
-0.6028578281402588,
0.21565863490104675,
-1.1331026554107666,
-0.3634301424026489,
-0.3451206088066101,
-0.4098198711872101,
-0.35798320174217224,
0.26895570755004883,
-0.056916940957307816,
0.3745096027851105,
0.2681529223918915,
-0.04899204894900322,
0.1826397329568863,
-0.7197872996330261,
0.3258645236492157,
-0.16752545535564423,
0.18951664865016937,
-0.6707800030708313,
-0.20802852511405945,
-0.6489614844322205,
-0.33686521649360657,
-0.9300761818885803,
-0.6798725128173828,
0.4603900909423828,
0.39503130316734314,
-0.35742729902267456,
-0.2022598832845688,
0.44037431478500366,
-0.22725863754749298,
-0.7946633100509644,
0.33946025371551514,
-0.054286547005176544,
0.00837767869234085,
-0.7147731184959412,
0.3122074604034424,
-0.5069752931594849,
-0.2168899029493332,
0.4694507420063019,
0.3787456154823303,
0.44107943773269653,
0.7483617067337036,
0.1252671331167221,
0.30762290954589844,
0.34000417590141296,
-0.028015295043587685,
0.1725083291530609,
-0.0666254460811615,
0.45679137110710144,
-0.30496054887771606,
0.31730297207832336,
-0.3268386125564575,
-0.665597140789032,
0.31125181913375854,
-0.34373363852500916,
0.1402181088924408,
0.3090503513813019,
0.09500321000814438,
-0.8314694166183472,
0.07461605221033096,
-0.46902158856391907,
-0.4239146113395691,
-0.10406867414712906,
-0.012728776782751083,
0.21496590971946716,
-0.026565853506326675,
0.7620333433151245,
0.7012918591499329,
0.19451318681240082,
0.3118271231651306,
-0.12431597709655762,
0.23466356098651886,
-0.17845003306865692,
0.06992103159427643,
0.9691342711448669,
0.12791557610034943,
0.3326944410800934,
-0.6755455136299133,
0.5895683169364929,
-0.16429273784160614,
0.6092491149902344,
-0.2468273639678955,
0.7518874406814575,
-0.12822380661964417,
-0.5521328449249268,
0.5454648733139038,
-0.4160110056400299,
-0.36413800716400146,
-0.21036291122436523,
0.24822929501533508,
-1.0449039936065674,
0.8067262768745422,
0.22585414350032806,
-0.14665889739990234,
-0.6981703639030457,
-0.368924081325531,
0.004762264434248209,
-0.7482067942619324,
0.4185914695262909,
0.2967202663421631,
-0.6471213102340698,
-0.18769770860671997,
0.36951565742492676,
-0.40228164196014404,
-0.5125731229782104,
-0.26118865609169006,
0.7874129414558411,
0.8012422323226929,
-0.10632400959730148,
0.11641152948141098,
-0.3561145067214966,
-0.1562976837158203,
0.2426375150680542,
0.6021032929420471,
0.6482667922973633,
-1.572159767150879,
-0.9246489405632019,
-0.803486704826355,
0.4508964717388153,
-0.04002176597714424,
-0.27339592576026917,
0.20105397701263428,
-0.2344934344291687,
-0.004999559838324785,
-0.09663008153438568,
0.05310465395450592,
-0.29220834374427795,
1.141650676727295,
-0.33846208453178406
]
|
123545 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaro%2C%20Montana | Evaro, Montana | Evaro is a census-designated place (CDP) in Missoula County, Montana, United States, and part of the Missoula Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located on the southernmost tip of the Flathead Indian Reservation, approximately north of downtown Missoula and is served by US Highway 93. In 2010, Evaro had a population of 322, a decrease from 329 in 2000.
Geography
Evaro is located at (47.076573, -114.050225).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Evaro Hill, south of Evaro, is known as snɫp̓upƛ̓m or snɫp̓u ("small clearing on the hillop") in Salish.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 329 people, 110 households, and 84 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 19.3 people per square mile (7.5/km2). There were 117 housing units at an average density of 6.9/sq mi (2.7/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 47.72% White, 44.68% Native American, 0.30% Pacific Islander, and 7.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.03% of the population.
There were 110 households, out of which 42.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.9% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.6% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.99 and the average family size was 3.43.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 32.8% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 4.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.8 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $36,250, and the median income for a family was $39,583. Males had a median income of $41,458 versus $21,875 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $15,465. About 4.3% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 33.3% of those age 65 or over.
See also
List of census-designated places in Montana
References
External links
Census-designated places in Missoula County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.15360639989376068,
0.713546633720398,
-0.22332197427749634,
-0.15442389249801636,
0.3812596797943115,
0.5235569477081299,
1.262339472770691,
0.20489175617694855,
-0.42660972476005554,
0.4439305067062378,
-0.5608313083648682,
0.15322022140026093,
-0.6792765855789185,
0.4484984576702118,
-0.35006412863731384,
0.04567228630185127,
0.5146388411521912,
0.9353305101394653,
0.9991844892501831,
-0.27360421419143677,
0.000934382202103734,
-0.6466587781906128,
-0.05397995561361313,
0.6682937145233154,
-0.268232524394989,
0.3184509873390198,
-0.10296738892793655,
0.36592334508895874,
-0.11703646183013916,
0.2589913010597229,
-0.45322385430336,
0.8163216710090637,
-0.28588563203811646,
-0.05692526698112488,
0.6756047606468201,
0.09441522508859634,
0.46761032938957214,
-0.29031816124916077,
-0.017687594518065453,
0.15114039182662964,
0.0989324077963829,
-0.2697598338127136,
-0.05330068618059158,
-0.48416516184806824,
-0.0529574453830719,
-0.28541889786720276,
-1.2516106367111206,
0.4750274121761322,
-0.8679555058479309,
-0.19932085275650024,
-0.9703347682952881,
-0.1933545023202896,
0.6331023573875427,
0.039897605776786804,
0.441450834274292,
0.4030221402645111,
-0.9732406139373779,
0.1897575706243515,
0.2261376827955246,
0.06699375808238983,
-0.23956921696662903,
0.346564918756485,
-0.09695123881101608,
-0.5658437609672546,
0.08233563601970673,
0.18796053528785706,
0.16524477303028107,
0.5459578037261963,
0.15682916343212128,
-1.077649712562561,
-0.24074576795101166,
-0.19811983406543732,
-0.19456173479557037,
0.561606228351593,
0.023019880056381226,
-0.06301239877939224,
-0.30698323249816895,
0.09792023152112961,
-0.1515069305896759,
0.5743159055709839,
0.6662210822105408,
0.20804888010025024,
0.8334522843360901,
-0.1800491213798523,
0.33523210883140564,
-0.06379442662000656,
-0.965316116809845,
0.13130176067352295,
0.2546149790287018,
0.6828733086585999,
-0.8573612570762634,
-0.2179187685251236,
0.10917934030294418,
0.2134488821029663,
-0.12001267075538635,
-0.19297650456428528,
-0.2145942747592926,
0.6504727005958557,
-0.15005141496658325,
0.7714036107063293,
-0.4464706480503082,
-0.2373049110174179,
1.4266141653060913,
0.1888183206319809,
-0.3372120261192322,
-0.6501056551933289,
-1.0991653203964233,
-0.08477532118558884,
0.039515409618616104,
-0.06444194167852402,
-0.3827270269393921,
0.5512278079986572,
-0.3545245826244354,
-0.6853201389312744,
-0.4035104513168335,
0.49598434567451477,
0.4290340840816498,
-0.5331108570098877,
-0.11324267834424973,
-0.08450814336538315,
1.3116438388824463,
0.6383088827133179,
-0.027076225727796555,
0.5554531216621399,
-0.8356699347496033,
0.5719991326332092,
0.4571119248867035,
0.022455109283328056,
0.07805027812719345,
0.3862644135951996,
-0.7293746471405029,
0.9487473964691162,
-0.025640252977609634,
0.4211443066596985,
-0.22164756059646606,
-0.6455590724945068,
0.09474590420722961,
0.29309606552124023,
0.45554879307746887,
-0.3366103768348694,
-0.8003050684928894,
-0.1731954663991928,
-0.27114489674568176,
-0.0860220342874527,
0.8975170850753784,
0.13624770939350128,
0.10238092392683029,
-0.416994571685791,
0.06651253253221512,
-0.48639771342277527,
-0.08083483576774597,
0.1388581544160843,
0.14243897795677185,
0.15747439861297607,
0.10022091120481491,
0.1679692417383194,
0.6487268209457397,
-0.011985055170953274,
0.6434380412101746,
0.35475867986679077,
0.394706666469574,
0.8536852598190308,
0.743411123752594,
0.48980513215065,
0.589952290058136,
0.001746445894241333,
0.6832590699195862,
-0.17071282863616943,
0.5901720523834229,
0.8612175583839417,
-0.11511126905679703,
0.5529569983482361,
0.7217866778373718,
-0.164408877491951,
0.026722624897956848,
-0.5535005331039429,
0.965323805809021,
0.9070969820022583,
-0.02101152017712593,
-0.18433034420013428,
-0.8190821409225464,
0.36000072956085205,
0.1323482245206833,
-0.0733548030257225,
-0.14248362183570862,
0.15083463490009308,
0.4653363525867462,
-0.2311955988407135,
-0.10479719936847687,
-0.38457056879997253,
-0.7659376263618469,
-0.4320268929004669,
0.6714940071105957,
-0.520092248916626,
0.19346500933170319,
0.19124814867973328,
0.009112776257097721,
0.46350622177124023,
-0.02913537621498108,
0.5773480534553528,
-0.49871501326560974,
-0.34602847695350647,
0.5831702351570129,
-0.6031922101974487,
-0.38313400745391846,
0.01389413420110941,
0.5031623244285583,
0.4238000512123108,
0.127924844622612,
1.052410364151001,
0.3196351230144501,
0.19897675514221191,
0.18913805484771729,
0.7595624327659607,
-0.7014634609222412,
-0.019715823233127594,
-0.3100319802761078,
-0.2974291145801544,
0.6042175889015198,
-0.3563557267189026,
0.4126138389110565,
0.2893228530883789,
0.05985771492123604,
-0.32993412017822266,
-0.023112351074814796,
0.5844865441322327,
1.0370142459869385,
-0.13928112387657166,
0.2038486897945404,
-0.0789756253361702,
0.5700103640556335,
0.1388351321220398,
0.15632419288158417,
-0.17312906682491302,
-0.291753351688385,
0.20490926504135132,
-0.07599212229251862,
-0.812798023223877,
0.5061924457550049,
-0.8015368580818176,
0.30751895904541016,
0.15184368193149567,
-0.27306750416755676,
0.49574097990989685,
0.5421826243400574,
0.7614529132843018,
0.46701720356941223,
0.06447479128837585,
-0.1802176982164383,
-0.02602958306670189,
0.5688172578811646,
-0.1796608865261078,
0.3330400288105011,
-0.431802898645401,
0.26299431920051575,
0.025581635534763336,
-0.5888988971710205,
-0.09246055036783218,
0.1371866762638092,
-0.0588068813085556,
0.18614590167999268,
0.2716173827648163,
-0.10316113382577896,
0.1518954038619995,
0.143161341547966,
-0.44872888922691345,
-0.6655933856964111,
-0.36834993958473206,
-0.130704864859581,
0.6046339273452759,
0.13384869694709778,
-0.26938527822494507,
-0.24448759853839874,
0.06029827892780304,
0.7699530124664307,
0.29118695855140686,
-0.8290529251098633,
-0.03855157271027565,
-1.061623454093933,
-0.2100708782672882,
0.8297894597053528,
0.8122029304504395,
-0.806022047996521,
-0.6220803260803223,
-0.7773205637931824,
-0.35997527837753296,
0.8756395578384399,
-0.25528791546821594,
-0.6846864223480225,
-0.38137540221214294,
-0.3356002867221832,
-0.29755112528800964,
-0.2851203680038452,
0.471876859664917,
-0.6749597191810608,
0.2011033296585083,
0.24196740984916687,
0.6065446734428406,
0.81278395652771,
-0.4552682042121887,
0.2144833356142044,
0.18600371479988098,
-0.36603736877441406,
-0.13102282583713531,
-0.16729803383350372,
-0.2525930106639862,
0.4698862135410309,
-0.5886141061782837,
-4.376160144805908,
0.680974543094635,
-0.8171728253364563,
-0.3609801232814789,
0.035942062735557556,
-0.43743079900741577,
0.4127894639968872,
-0.1351766586303711,
0.015661781653761864,
0.06204842031002045,
-0.19512079656124115,
-0.4636072516441345,
-0.11860191822052002,
1.0704035758972168,
0.994040310382843,
0.6580708026885986,
0.9221380352973938,
-0.03381619229912758,
0.6328362226486206,
0.11835374683141708,
-0.28920769691467285,
0.41501617431640625,
-0.37151670455932617,
-0.12230026721954346,
1.0279819965362549,
0.46746107935905457,
-0.2797950506210327,
-0.17002272605895996,
-0.7797226905822754,
-0.24468839168548584,
-0.15610288083553314,
0.45709219574928284,
-0.5053789615631104,
-0.6108265519142151,
0.07314693182706833,
0.21323086321353912,
0.20586159825325012,
-0.47867774963378906,
0.4971238672733307,
-0.3799125552177429,
0.04418334737420082,
-0.05016457661986351,
-0.29776531457901,
-0.09931544959545135,
0.8483299016952515,
-0.500026524066925,
-0.2662432789802551,
-0.5327427983283997,
0.313752144575119,
0.6762604117393494,
0.36488938331604004,
0.3114139139652252,
1.2157020568847656,
0.48463597893714905,
0.31708037853240967,
-0.05639922246336937,
0.2410200983285904,
0.18183375895023346,
-0.08389613777399063,
0.85340815782547,
0.0008894673082977533,
-0.9563125371932983,
0.04173552989959717,
-0.3718358874320984,
-0.3794543445110321,
-0.319324254989624,
0.20782627165317535,
-0.30624687671661377,
0.6991592049598694,
-0.09515658766031265,
-0.22701343894004822,
0.5953440070152283,
-0.9537600874900818,
-0.8384793400764465,
0.00018582044867798686,
-0.706680417060852,
-0.017825869843363762,
0.2542622685432434,
-1.0016241073608398,
-0.18567942082881927,
-0.3478381037712097,
-0.2563498020172119,
-0.06367512047290802,
0.31145918369293213,
0.17917963862419128,
0.0871005430817604,
0.01618061773478985,
-0.30647706985473633,
-0.4122122526168823,
-0.3154699504375458,
0.9448944926261902,
0.12816327810287476,
0.6088355183601379,
-0.01169184036552906,
-0.3396308720111847,
0.359062135219574,
0.6751259565353394,
-0.0759446769952774,
0.09409195184707642,
-0.2982611656188965,
-0.27529191970825195,
-0.47713685035705566,
0.06038255989551544,
-0.49220603704452515,
-0.1970636546611786,
-0.7848463654518127,
-0.045051053166389465,
0.21369628608226776,
0.42676568031311035,
-0.2833639085292816,
-0.18160635232925415,
0.12261892110109329,
-0.1697111874818802,
0.02940520830452442,
0.6139230132102966,
0.28023046255111694,
-0.26621702313423157,
0.33619558811187744,
0.8806402683258057,
0.5345193147659302,
0.17891694605350494,
-0.055048227310180664,
0.022194886580109596,
0.1671658307313919,
-0.13659760355949402,
-0.4955041706562042,
0.5967639088630676,
-0.14144667983055115,
-0.22569532692432404,
0.38982781767845154,
-0.36701852083206177,
-0.11576587706804276,
-0.6092888712882996,
-0.22100186347961426,
-0.3271285891532898,
-0.24199557304382324,
-0.8532932996749878,
-0.9806935787200928,
0.5870828032493591,
-0.030262159183621407,
0.23606032133102417,
-0.09114505350589752,
-0.6448285579681396,
0.6585350632667542,
-0.5612365007400513,
0.6807510852813721,
0.41166406869888306,
-0.6875149011611938,
-0.6175920367240906,
0.46430110931396484,
-0.42170292139053345,
-0.5596672296524048,
-0.35202527046203613,
-1.0395557880401611,
0.34780994057655334,
-0.493377149105072,
-0.018637986853718758,
0.22593025863170624,
0.5088874101638794,
-0.04005575180053711,
0.8070952892303467,
-0.14599402248859406,
-0.6989297270774841,
0.6588214039802551,
-0.11509707570075989,
-0.4332934319972992,
-0.3600986897945404,
-0.7014239430427551,
-0.9126363396644592,
0.43857863545417786,
0.3900476098060608,
-0.6231427192687988,
-0.1347958743572235,
-0.028647812083363533,
0.6857081651687622,
-0.6772196292877197,
-0.09468401223421097,
0.42947179079055786,
0.026159577071666718,
-0.7279762625694275,
-0.12047524750232697,
-0.16186486184597015,
-0.8475378751754761,
-0.1956469863653183,
-0.3742777109146118,
-0.7242698073387146,
-0.26735377311706543,
-0.616278350353241,
-0.005994823295623064,
0.021622536703944206,
-0.21346783638000488,
0.19134476780891418,
0.34232452511787415,
-0.2586824595928192,
-0.4787493348121643,
-1.250490427017212,
-0.013322122395038605,
0.36159881949424744,
-0.27385783195495605,
-0.7363079786300659,
0.2265630066394806,
0.7040538191795349,
-0.3356892764568329,
0.28044188022613525,
-0.2699085772037506,
-0.7201443910598755,
0.337884783744812,
0.9820390939712524,
-1.174487590789795,
0.43950706720352173,
-0.16821949183940887,
-0.9141660928726196,
0.34055817127227783,
0.782609760761261,
-0.07907099276781082,
0.7175751328468323,
0.47582951188087463,
0.11969465762376785,
-0.4946432113647461,
-0.01825319416821003,
-0.4490589201450348,
0.17408934235572815,
0.016353609040379524,
-0.6257583498954773,
-0.6602866053581238,
0.5618249773979187,
0.22121089696884155,
-0.2765137255191803,
1.1586744785308838,
-1.139894723892212,
-0.6693660020828247,
0.18171647191047668,
0.03338608890771866,
-0.5377944707870483,
0.2266022264957428,
0.4893931746482849,
-0.21411222219467163,
0.027205899357795715,
0.8295072317123413,
0.0068648322485387325,
0.21366971731185913,
1.2957987785339355,
0.38085857033729553,
-0.8185005187988281,
-0.6568463444709778,
0.4596311151981354,
0.08527851849794388,
-0.40656769275665283,
-1.5899399518966675,
0.6102068424224854,
0.34462806582450867,
0.00856221467256546,
-0.6117361783981323,
-0.004236278589814901,
0.7270810604095459,
-0.8551005125045776,
-0.3757503628730774,
0.4224206805229187,
-0.42623358964920044,
0.47086894512176514,
0.5767450928688049,
-0.26463523507118225,
0.042454127222299576,
0.11449505388736725,
0.601097583770752,
0.11570475250482559,
0.5584273934364319,
-0.3260527551174164,
0.40351539850234985,
-0.9899567365646362,
-0.07601510733366013,
-0.11506365239620209,
0.06464004516601562,
-0.16128680109977722,
-0.3813813626766205,
0.245132714509964,
0.26879826188087463,
-0.7187148928642273,
-0.8430444598197937,
-0.45948368310928345,
-0.5324575901031494,
0.11316900700330734,
0.6276333332061768,
-0.37351474165916443,
0.2921910583972931,
-0.8816301822662354,
-0.511447548866272,
0.05255573242902756,
-1.4243063926696777,
0.19645129144191742,
-0.18375684320926666,
-0.13471564650535583,
-0.1283460110425949,
-0.6451915502548218,
-0.05763163045048714,
0.3194418251514435,
0.04680657014250755,
0.09021524339914322,
-0.9785370230674744,
-0.18836617469787598,
-0.8673248887062073,
1.1048284769058228,
-0.4179935157299042,
-0.7237696647644043,
0.10662860423326492,
-0.4515624940395355,
-0.15710382163524628,
-0.5316057801246643,
-0.05704750865697861,
0.3253961503505707,
0.09747685492038727,
0.024652713909745216,
0.09128433465957642,
0.67337965965271,
-0.5798212289810181,
0.8797764182090759,
0.41438108682632446,
-0.31866124272346497,
-0.3636523187160492,
0.5353972315788269,
-0.29863500595092773,
-0.7823250889778137,
0.4967705011367798,
0.47288212180137634,
-0.0267083328217268,
1.1108286380767822,
-0.4972720146179199,
0.4740051329135895,
0.2554967701435089,
0.5484523177146912,
-0.1444471925497055,
-0.8406881093978882,
-0.6523391008377075,
-0.0915490910410881,
-1.3383092880249023,
-0.5218574404716492,
-0.07128198444843292,
-0.5965532064437866,
-0.6573705077171326,
0.46670371294021606,
0.026899348944425583,
1.038283348083496,
-0.07614170014858246,
-0.4041696786880493,
0.23190522193908691,
-0.5038182139396667,
-0.07708411663770676,
0.04909390211105347,
0.03696013242006302,
-0.21965163946151733,
-0.4450080692768097,
-0.47349461913108826,
-0.3621326684951782,
-0.5178599953651428,
-0.6220471262931824,
0.02136363461613655,
0.1395849734544754,
-0.9335657954216003,
-0.2661983072757721,
0.39630529284477234,
-0.33342257142066956,
-0.9875418543815613,
0.31473439931869507,
0.3950576186180115,
0.06685256212949753,
-0.9150292277336121,
0.2836874723434448,
-0.6322289109230042,
-0.2601918876171112,
0.5513666272163391,
0.5010872483253479,
0.3302360475063324,
0.3370838761329651,
0.5203072428703308,
0.7686002850532532,
0.23245079815387726,
0.2910914421081543,
0.04436524212360382,
-0.44800087809562683,
-0.11665887385606766,
-0.7426380515098572,
0.878925085067749,
-0.27554619312286377,
-0.7204691171646118,
0.10890471935272217,
-0.47875627875328064,
-0.2055618315935135,
0.12073264271020889,
0.5205708146095276,
-0.49836406111717224,
0.019610052928328514,
-0.27864769101142883,
-0.7631571292877197,
0.22826282680034637,
0.04755252227187157,
-0.008028036914765835,
0.2315630167722702,
0.6100742816925049,
0.9314075708389282,
0.2078569084405899,
0.9098466038703918,
0.3448765277862549,
0.34401243925094604,
-0.10419736802577972,
0.5318132042884827,
0.6897941827774048,
-0.7124572992324829,
0.5095949769020081,
-0.736350417137146,
0.7926924228668213,
-0.18152311444282532,
0.40561121702194214,
-0.28572115302085876,
0.7687368988990784,
-0.2952224314212799,
-0.1339728832244873,
0.5062944293022156,
-0.2709518074989319,
-0.33876392245292664,
-0.21661080420017242,
-0.021695353090763092,
-0.7105553150177002,
0.38278770446777344,
0.4202839434146881,
-0.2929562032222748,
-0.7585558891296387,
-0.2768735885620117,
-0.2517126202583313,
-0.7777304649353027,
0.3340137302875519,
0.2717963755130768,
-0.6141400933265686,
-0.073426753282547,
0.19382143020629883,
-0.3078456521034241,
-0.6168189644813538,
-0.6371492743492126,
1.4399999380111694,
0.8395360708236694,
-0.4190342426300049,
0.3193383514881134,
-0.14109253883361816,
0.22270898520946503,
0.567320704460144,
0.9940748810768127,
0.45227310061454773,
-1.3308850526809692,
-0.8555571436882019,
-0.17112299799919128,
0.21396507322788239,
0.07478255033493042,
0.006910211872309446,
-0.003467489965260029,
-0.033556487411260605,
-0.31253620982170105,
0.3221262991428375,
0.8830399513244629,
-0.9250189661979675,
0.7116033434867859,
0.13301435112953186
]
|
123546 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frenchtown%2C%20Montana | Frenchtown, Montana | Frenchtown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Missoula County, Montana, United States. It is part of the 'Missoula, Montana Metropolitan Statistical Area'. The population was 1,825 at the 2010 census, an increase from its population of 883 in 2000. Frenchtown is also known as an early mixed ancestry settlement in the Pacific Northwest history, sometimes referred as a French Canadian or a Métis settlement.
Nearby is the Frenchtown Pond State Park.
History
Americans gave the location a generic name based on the ethnicity or language of the original settlers, namely French Canadians.
The settlement was cofounded around 1858 by two French Canadians moving inland with their Metis families to escape turmoil further west that followed the arrival of the American federal authorities. Jean-Baptiste Ducharme left Puget Sound during the Indian Wars (1855-1856) abandoning his land claim as his Muck Creek neighbors were arrested under martial law. Louis Brown (anglicized name) left the Colville Valley turmoil a few years later with his Pend d'Oreille wife and Metis daughters. Meanwhile the Pend d'Oreilles Kalispel had moved upriver to a new locale accompanied by Jesuit priest Father Hoecken who relocated the Saint-Ignatius mission northeast of the future Frenchtown. Louis Brown Metis daughters and grandchildren married into the wave of French Canadian settlers that swept over the valley in the course of the last four decades of the 19th century. Ducharme four Metis sons and two daughters moved North to the Flathead Indian Reservation marrying into the Pend d'Oreille tribe.
The St. Louis Catholic Church was built in 1864.
A post office called Frenchtown was first established in 1868.
Geography
Frenchtown is located at (47.018780, -114.246205), on the historic Mullan Road.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (0.91%) is water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,825 people, 291 households, and 235 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 271.8 people per square mile (104.9/km2). There were 302 housing units at an average density of 92.9 per square mile (35.9/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.15% White, 1.59% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 0.79% from other races, and 1.36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.81% of the population.
There were 291 households, out of which 47.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.0% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.2% were non-families. 12.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.03 and the average family size was 3.32.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 34.3% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 31.3% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 5.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.4 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $46,094, and the median income for a family was $45,938. Males had a median income of $36,118 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $21,225. None of the population or families were below the poverty line.
Education
Frenchtown Public Schools serves grades K-12. Frenchtown High School's team name is the Broncs.
The Missoula Public Library has a branch location in Frenchtown.
Smurfit-Stone mill
In September 2015, the EPA announced that it was close to an agreement for testing and environmental remediation of Frenchtown's Smurfit-Stone Container Corp. mill site. Contaminants on the site include dioxins and heavy metals, which has raised concerns that the site might be eligible for the federal Superfund list. The paper mill, which produced containerboard, "began production in 1957 under Waldorf Paper Products Co. of St. Paul, MN." The mill employed 417 workers at the time of its closure in 2010. A meeting was held in February 2017 to create a Community Advisory Group to work with the Superfund grantmaking process. Cleanup of PCBs at the mill site was ongoing as of April 2017. As the second largest taxpayer in Missoula county, the mill was the source of nearly 20% ($134281) of the Frenchtown fire district's budget, and 21.7% ($825,976) of the Frenchtown school district's budget.
Popular Culture
James Holden, protagonist in The Expanse (novel series) and TV show, grew up near Frenchtown in the story.
References
External links
Frenchtown Historical Society Oral History Project (University of Montana Archives)
Census-designated places in Missoula County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.3692491948604584,
0.6134353876113892,
-0.25229382514953613,
-0.004960362333804369,
0.8033581376075745,
0.35862961411476135,
1.0564689636230469,
0.7215564846992493,
0.04142426326870918,
-0.5452009439468384,
-0.5730536580085754,
-0.36462318897247314,
-0.4459715187549591,
0.7646600008010864,
-0.5234860181808472,
0.18241535127162933,
0.39973539113998413,
0.81119304895401,
0.9663215279579163,
-0.286289781332016,
-0.007094407919794321,
-0.3211008608341217,
0.3764294385910034,
0.5231158137321472,
-0.3889791965484619,
0.591662585735321,
0.5980009436607361,
0.5663330554962158,
-0.03188992291688919,
-0.1462961882352829,
0.023937508463859558,
0.5175513625144958,
-0.3290759027004242,
-0.34196412563323975,
0.21653202176094055,
-0.468599408864975,
0.5376960039138794,
-0.034537412226200104,
-0.1803082674741745,
-0.4047631621360779,
-0.3968982398509979,
-0.2651459574699402,
0.5113763213157654,
-0.1560468226671219,
0.10677862167358398,
-0.13831907510757446,
-1.1678162813186646,
0.4674290418624878,
-1.22870934009552,
-0.5990086197853088,
-0.6308521628379822,
-0.4863622486591339,
1.0650266408920288,
0.1471281498670578,
0.383658230304718,
0.1968909651041031,
-0.6962007880210876,
0.39585554599761963,
0.5708666443824768,
0.0037507307715713978,
-0.26672837138175964,
0.675279974937439,
0.2069893181324005,
-0.11232934892177582,
-0.21099738776683807,
-0.1173306331038475,
0.19369032979011536,
0.3358567953109741,
0.34681588411331177,
-0.6961517930030823,
-0.006839048117399216,
-0.017040468752384186,
-0.26413172483444214,
1.00088632106781,
0.42608872056007385,
0.4436718821525574,
-0.518774151802063,
0.05217374116182327,
-0.09045914560556412,
0.08553272485733032,
0.27271416783332825,
0.1336137056350708,
0.5865142345428467,
-0.21150651574134827,
-0.05801795423030853,
0.5721779465675354,
-0.4659543037414551,
-0.005181767512112856,
-0.024103887379169464,
0.9168586134910583,
-0.8345783948898315,
-0.26765215396881104,
-0.009950884617865086,
-0.5535226464271545,
0.02295970357954502,
-0.20880284905433655,
0.029883433133363724,
0.6653780341148376,
-0.10281309485435486,
0.29663076996803284,
-0.628391444683075,
-0.6108976006507874,
1.1965326070785522,
0.058441199362277985,
-0.5250303149223328,
-0.8088794350624084,
-0.6129260063171387,
0.061059270054101944,
-0.1832640916109085,
-0.303395539522171,
-0.2711706757545471,
0.28076469898223877,
-0.14281713962554932,
-0.45788612961769104,
-0.3255441188812256,
0.35626646876335144,
0.030561281368136406,
-0.1544625610113144,
0.002086153719574213,
-0.44595447182655334,
0.10548556596040726,
0.5195772051811218,
-0.14867377281188965,
-0.2131376415491104,
-0.113799549639225,
0.4227500855922699,
0.7431309223175049,
-0.0316254198551178,
-0.012084444053471088,
-0.05786566808819771,
-0.41300931572914124,
0.8345056176185608,
-0.03211013227701187,
0.1888432800769806,
-0.030674898996949196,
-1.1154369115829468,
-0.12494371086359024,
-0.4663335978984833,
0.21182893216609955,
0.1746079921722412,
-0.6773003935813904,
0.39198175072669983,
-0.23788121342658997,
0.12725163996219635,
0.5450767278671265,
-0.03930308297276497,
0.05645311251282692,
-0.8401470184326172,
0.18065449595451355,
-0.33739805221557617,
0.0015937522985041142,
-0.02099275216460228,
0.42062997817993164,
0.7901290059089661,
0.043660957366228104,
-0.23518604040145874,
0.8015943169593811,
0.5732465982437134,
0.15945124626159668,
0.567448616027832,
0.16369955241680145,
0.8987550735473633,
1.0150420665740967,
0.20972898602485657,
1.0127217769622803,
-0.04080928489565849,
0.5565431714057922,
-0.5412790179252625,
-0.10136611759662628,
0.7631280422210693,
0.28363651037216187,
0.8275747895240784,
0.5600189566612244,
-0.27922144532203674,
0.2225726693868637,
-0.4108169972896576,
0.6614526510238647,
0.5196362137794495,
0.19640931487083435,
-0.11792375892400742,
-0.6668835878372192,
0.4068392813205719,
0.2542954087257385,
-0.028969524428248405,
-0.1551017314195633,
0.22090284526348114,
0.07414078712463379,
-0.24255415797233582,
-0.05112448334693909,
-0.6413807272911072,
-0.8462252020835876,
-0.7484722137451172,
0.4268142580986023,
-0.5326892137527466,
0.5734361410140991,
-0.1120339035987854,
-0.1247062087059021,
0.7018101811408997,
0.11851976066827774,
0.0011693754931911826,
-0.4610932767391205,
-0.20245946943759918,
0.5622473955154419,
-0.42254894971847534,
-0.6382740139961243,
0.23579111695289612,
0.3825052082538605,
0.20381668210029602,
0.3286932110786438,
0.9235352277755737,
0.5965350270271301,
-0.5142389535903931,
0.11931422352790833,
1.2287412881851196,
-0.8183621764183044,
-0.09776052087545395,
-0.26601290702819824,
-0.41884660720825195,
0.7671098113059998,
-0.44938424229621887,
0.443390816450119,
-0.23610354959964752,
0.23883886635303497,
0.07222824543714523,
-0.519078254699707,
-0.2162107229232788,
0.8479084968566895,
0.060269735753536224,
-0.25559574365615845,
0.12590865790843964,
0.1982847899198532,
-0.010489638894796371,
0.2906571328639984,
-0.5591763257980347,
0.08265497535467148,
0.2934427261352539,
-0.31084543466567993,
-0.3696936070919037,
0.5848032832145691,
-0.7266528010368347,
-0.09855347126722336,
-0.07048513740301132,
-0.1016816571354866,
-0.20394988358020782,
0.4573111832141876,
0.8675230741500854,
0.33607515692710876,
0.023662710562348366,
0.2752903997898102,
-0.3977366089820862,
0.5453701615333557,
0.09975110739469528,
0.4154605567455292,
-0.34484952688217163,
0.051532573997974396,
-0.14892242848873138,
-0.07339677959680557,
-0.3482901453971863,
0.1978793740272522,
-0.331430047750473,
0.014020068570971489,
0.25848427414894104,
-0.12225305289030075,
0.6265365481376648,
0.4657905697822571,
-0.8992085456848145,
-0.14114370942115784,
-0.4131741523742676,
-0.35818740725517273,
1.1085599660873413,
0.6001960635185242,
-0.03253979608416557,
-0.29483145475387573,
0.0051010530441999435,
0.5191805958747864,
0.35975906252861023,
-0.5342185497283936,
0.18827605247497559,
-0.7319981455802917,
-0.19330883026123047,
0.2144247144460678,
0.8293294310569763,
-0.13468791544437408,
-0.3500295579433441,
-0.4266040027141571,
-0.7568806409835815,
0.9290763735771179,
-0.21131189167499542,
-0.38734596967697144,
0.0999860092997551,
0.1653958559036255,
-0.39496272802352905,
-0.6622285842895508,
0.3475620746612549,
-0.6959027051925659,
-0.26248398423194885,
0.12747691571712494,
0.24775908887386322,
0.587060272693634,
-0.6083030104637146,
0.006890287157148123,
0.7513255476951599,
-0.7227476835250854,
0.3945167064666748,
0.20560097694396973,
-0.35726773738861084,
0.04840977117419243,
-0.8434821367263794,
-4.85106897354126,
0.5943588018417358,
0.03270937129855156,
-0.6786414384841919,
0.06462042778730392,
-0.40493443608283997,
0.1785537302494049,
-0.6914638876914978,
-0.23561273515224457,
0.5208150744438171,
-0.3753713369369507,
-0.05406131222844124,
-0.057140883058309555,
0.2275620549917221,
0.8165094256401062,
0.11496057361364365,
0.1109536737203598,
-0.7201188206672668,
0.3430671691894531,
0.3077743351459503,
-0.22801975905895233,
0.6396957039833069,
0.17306627333164215,
0.1810791939496994,
0.7307084202766418,
0.34287184476852417,
-0.5251156687736511,
-0.3103577494621277,
-0.5456711053848267,
-0.18810401856899261,
0.10848722606897354,
0.34211426973342896,
-0.2589729428291321,
-0.49373316764831543,
-0.38645175099372864,
-0.11003521084785461,
0.022315572947263718,
-0.5321556925773621,
0.31885039806365967,
-0.4494130611419678,
0.38347020745277405,
0.45284461975097656,
-0.5019221901893616,
-0.4156568646430969,
0.4912588894367218,
-0.01273595541715622,
0.07636339962482452,
-0.1558956503868103,
-0.11053376644849777,
1.1873078346252441,
0.13260120153427124,
0.48635825514793396,
0.6259937882423401,
0.266379714012146,
-0.09297521412372589,
-0.2911984622478485,
0.15747982263565063,
-0.013396080583333969,
-0.846052348613739,
0.5948951840400696,
-0.13998205959796906,
-0.29312852025032043,
-0.18661090731620789,
0.3320753276348114,
0.32203245162963867,
-0.5917385220527649,
-0.12798453867435455,
0.6617985367774963,
0.24131159484386444,
0.27981340885162354,
0.13819549977779388,
0.6694689989089966,
-0.43453237414360046,
-0.937304675579071,
0.4049784541130066,
-0.8332534432411194,
-0.40789198875427246,
0.2542702853679657,
-0.8758710026741028,
-0.08267990499734879,
0.2756144106388092,
0.08154357224702835,
0.4296889901161194,
0.6860314011573792,
0.6550299525260925,
-0.6345102190971375,
-0.09977646172046661,
0.018412211909890175,
-0.5070487260818481,
-0.8385844230651855,
0.5325026512145996,
0.15321609377861023,
0.5023216605186462,
-0.5270670652389526,
-0.15335428714752197,
0.17325778305530548,
0.6926388144493103,
0.10845938324928284,
0.05859218165278435,
-0.3872930705547333,
0.4480459690093994,
-0.30079206824302673,
-0.015548985451459885,
-0.15853703022003174,
-0.4324518144130707,
-0.7734793424606323,
-0.21599850058555603,
0.6352062821388245,
1.0377936363220215,
-0.5725091099739075,
-0.430430144071579,
-0.09437091648578644,
-0.4394267797470093,
0.20468135178089142,
0.15128132700920105,
0.10185137391090393,
-0.47329118847846985,
-0.002565540838986635,
0.7312359809875488,
0.5150288939476013,
-0.18232417106628418,
-0.11466465145349503,
-0.4023248255252838,
0.17750319838523865,
0.26511645317077637,
-0.2898440659046173,
0.5116963982582092,
-0.15935920178890228,
-0.23676219582557678,
0.5007607936859131,
-0.3293814957141876,
-0.13372112810611725,
-0.5775450468063354,
-0.5479928255081177,
-0.18487806618213654,
0.08144869655370712,
-0.8340876698493958,
-0.49170443415641785,
0.2484373152256012,
0.51364666223526,
0.015172881074249744,
0.1473502814769745,
-0.3024911880493164,
0.5459869503974915,
-0.02633851394057274,
0.808534562587738,
0.2049909234046936,
-0.4651396870613098,
-0.7015373110771179,
0.623317539691925,
-0.6454930901527405,
-0.2593724727630615,
0.37963733077049255,
-0.568915605545044,
0.43814969062805176,
-0.02453778125345707,
0.08347804844379425,
0.6915099024772644,
0.31501299142837524,
-0.41023725271224976,
0.597595751285553,
-0.6591476798057556,
-0.5751421451568604,
0.7221636772155762,
0.23263311386108398,
-0.4070402979850769,
-0.5407502055168152,
-0.09528873860836029,
-1.011337399482727,
0.39622291922569275,
1.0282896757125854,
-0.6002501845359802,
-0.16196100413799286,
0.21720817685127258,
0.25401291251182556,
-0.44686704874038696,
-0.5236386060714722,
0.5425620675086975,
0.17013412714004517,
-0.2360195368528366,
-0.17857427895069122,
-0.5388877987861633,
-0.06845508515834808,
-0.1321209818124771,
0.114059217274189,
-0.5677656531333923,
0.1023700162768364,
-0.24815280735492706,
0.07337025552988052,
0.020099027082324028,
-0.06268803030252457,
-0.4139484465122223,
0.1160755306482315,
-0.09086356312036514,
-0.033197544515132904,
-1.1101324558258057,
0.09734909236431122,
0.02642671950161457,
-0.3029051423072815,
-0.9933130145072937,
0.2066660076379776,
0.4961337745189667,
0.06631072610616684,
0.19714774191379547,
-0.030664555728435516,
-0.5280671715736389,
0.7719257473945618,
0.4990789294242859,
-0.771578311920166,
0.5121197700500488,
-0.3311159312725067,
-0.4463135302066803,
0.6268647909164429,
0.5475406646728516,
0.007539498619735241,
0.6723692417144775,
0.21467512845993042,
0.2910333275794983,
-0.6107068657875061,
-0.48647862672805786,
-0.34852755069732666,
-0.06040703132748604,
-0.4904000461101532,
-0.9086275100708008,
-0.6876341700553894,
0.8017137050628662,
0.4171932637691498,
-0.2816966772079468,
1.058786392211914,
-0.8443632125854492,
-0.13170571625232697,
0.1301952451467514,
-0.17304736375808716,
-0.16433124244213104,
0.34615951776504517,
0.17203305661678314,
-0.32733577489852905,
-0.34044602513313293,
1.000504732131958,
-0.36810529232025146,
0.3802069127559662,
1.4679896831512451,
0.2952728271484375,
-0.5842311978340149,
-0.37689030170440674,
-0.03643272817134857,
0.5441750288009644,
-0.22129851579666138,
-1.3457872867584229,
0.6532280445098877,
0.2423674613237381,
-0.43703556060791016,
-0.07669030874967575,
-0.5072675347328186,
0.8534030914306641,
-0.3225596845149994,
-0.5203378796577454,
0.9768871665000916,
-0.3172662556171417,
0.2899051606655121,
0.053708091378211975,
-0.05456871911883354,
0.08789843320846558,
0.6285151839256287,
0.2435278296470642,
-0.3352080285549164,
0.18593928217887878,
-0.5997166037559509,
-0.20828214287757874,
-1.050931692123413,
-0.022059407085180283,
-0.5644633173942566,
0.13453420996665955,
-0.06605031341314316,
-0.06202319264411926,
-0.0696585401892662,
-0.15239793062210083,
-0.7601062059402466,
-0.7571602463722229,
-0.2568342685699463,
-0.39388635754585266,
-0.04857068136334419,
0.0009525231434963644,
-0.38935479521751404,
0.6086865663528442,
-0.6274935007095337,
-0.3117098808288574,
0.07280635088682175,
-1.0464680194854736,
0.10705510526895523,
-0.5284080505371094,
-0.009052993729710579,
0.19262999296188354,
-0.7841110229492188,
0.1607787162065506,
0.5728322863578796,
0.00008812205487629399,
0.07955475151538849,
-0.014103828929364681,
-0.13452091813087463,
-0.6279233694076538,
0.6179473400115967,
-0.18225730955600739,
-0.7309306859970093,
-0.13166415691375732,
-0.3493833541870117,
-0.544075608253479,
-0.3825613856315613,
0.37566906213760376,
0.4329497516155243,
0.4977962076663971,
0.042248960584402084,
-0.00829585362225771,
0.4234887957572937,
-0.3313737213611603,
0.550935685634613,
0.12343749403953552,
-0.5159839391708374,
-0.8071646690368652,
0.2507585287094116,
-0.7024666666984558,
0.03328753262758255,
1.1276848316192627,
0.3848889172077179,
-0.49587076902389526,
1.102368712425232,
-0.5295060276985168,
0.2441984862089157,
-0.2467324435710907,
0.4952660799026489,
-0.052910320460796356,
-0.5527503490447998,
-0.5062689185142517,
0.0037569080013781786,
-0.9575717449188232,
-0.6095860004425049,
-0.16348645091056824,
-0.18473917245864868,
-0.09691639244556427,
0.0730285570025444,
-0.12669987976551056,
0.06477392464876175,
0.00791695062071085,
0.17718873918056488,
0.7226945161819458,
-0.4535488784313202,
0.2715623676776886,
0.02358076721429825,
0.49555593729019165,
-0.03181587904691696,
-0.07555243372917175,
-0.4155641198158264,
-0.44165679812431335,
-0.5343065857887268,
-0.42623472213745117,
-0.0038844989612698555,
0.3330579996109009,
-0.6994544267654419,
-0.16437776386737823,
0.3309272527694702,
0.06634489446878433,
-1.290199637413025,
0.15435287356376648,
-0.08735121041536331,
0.3275305926799774,
-0.45923349261283875,
0.11862048506736755,
-0.4939174950122833,
-0.3346874713897705,
0.35389065742492676,
0.6663998365402222,
0.2229333221912384,
0.25456520915031433,
0.1526646614074707,
0.3800877332687378,
0.372294157743454,
0.008586255833506584,
0.6121476292610168,
-0.08484185487031937,
-0.041426125913858414,
-0.33984386920928955,
0.14233727753162384,
-0.20457808673381805,
-0.3143668472766876,
-0.13589739799499512,
-0.6627910137176514,
-0.20221026241779327,
0.2686053216457367,
-0.09155681729316711,
-0.6702181696891785,
0.024236001074314117,
-0.6246048808097839,
-0.4792018234729767,
-0.48704564571380615,
0.19358830153942108,
-0.0593864768743515,
0.33687731623649597,
0.8499560356140137,
0.650600254535675,
0.1138833537697792,
0.23806345462799072,
-0.36988210678100586,
0.38840124011039734,
-0.24737867712974548,
0.7034061551094055,
0.44755151867866516,
-0.42715954780578613,
0.5093342065811157,
-0.6965726613998413,
1.0414855480194092,
-0.29303547739982605,
0.8189944624900818,
-0.28162792325019836,
0.7878734469413757,
-0.25595369935035706,
-0.1976974606513977,
0.4735264480113983,
-0.17509254813194275,
-0.28544992208480835,
-0.908279299736023,
0.11874471604824066,
-1.0514936447143555,
0.838123619556427,
0.11594492197036743,
-0.37617170810699463,
-0.5461055636405945,
-0.3846147060394287,
0.16821756958961487,
-0.45499730110168457,
0.5822727084159851,
0.23135623335838318,
-0.4389231204986572,
0.02639031410217285,
-0.11665578931570053,
-0.3103157579898834,
-0.9951363801956177,
-0.2026778757572174,
1.3199635744094849,
0.5180991291999817,
-0.46226242184638977,
-0.1869535595178604,
-0.35241344571113586,
-0.349989652633667,
0.5372520089149475,
0.9710851311683655,
0.605815589427948,
-0.6272151470184326,
-0.6507113575935364,
-0.5054091811180115,
0.3906399607658386,
0.2041172981262207,
-0.315897136926651,
0.2638414204120636,
-0.3116932809352875,
0.1894504576921463,
0.3180055320262909,
0.45612284541130066,
-0.5556673407554626,
0.7250620722770691,
0.02815437875688076
]
|
123547 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lolo%2C%20Montana | Lolo, Montana | Lolo is a census-designated place (CDP) in Missoula County, Montana, United States. It is part of the Missoula Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 4,399 at the 2020 census, an increase from its population of 3,892 in 2010. It is home to Travelers' Rest State Park, a site where Lewis and Clark camped in 1805 and again in 1806.
History
The Traveler's Rest site, in Lolo, is one of the few sites in the nation with physical confirmation of the visit of Lewis and Clark.
The 2017 Lolo Peak Fire burned thousands of acres near the town of Lolo, prompting evacuations and closure of U.S. Route 12.
Geography
Lolo is at (46.765210, -114.085892). The town lies at the intersection of U.S. Routes 12 and 93, and at the eastern end of the Lolo Trail. It also sits at the confluence of Lolo Creek and the Bitterroot River.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (2.16 percent) is water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,892 people, 1,218 households, and 936 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 356.2 people per square mile (137.6/km2). There were 1,263 housing units at an average density of 132.8 per square mile (51.3/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.69% White, 0.24% African American, 0.89% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.21% from other races, and 1.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.03% of the population.
There were 1,218 households, out of which 44.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.6% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.1% were non-families. 17.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.15.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 31.3% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 6.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.5 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $43,846, and the median income for a family was $46,629. Males had a median income of $30,392 versus $22,188 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,369. About 2.5% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.8% of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Lolo has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Education
The Missoula Public Library has a branch location in Lolo.
Notable people
William M. Allen, aerospace industrialist, was born in Lolo.
James Lee Burke, mystery writer, maintains a home here.
Richard Manning, environmentalist and journalist, resides here.
See also
List of census-designated places in Montana
References
External links
Travelers' Rest
Lolo's Population
Census-designated places in Missoula County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana
Chinook Jargon place names | [
0.3490629196166992,
0.31049486994743347,
-0.019115153700113297,
-0.08113360404968262,
0.6622812747955322,
0.4841361939907074,
0.24947279691696167,
0.6961617469787598,
-0.38521116971969604,
0.22733905911445618,
-0.3525095582008362,
-0.14122286438941956,
-0.7690895795822144,
0.43565618991851807,
-0.5607727766036987,
-0.21435777842998505,
0.7029762864112854,
0.7407975196838379,
1.2255277633666992,
-0.07833939790725708,
0.1738065630197525,
-0.5750482082366943,
-0.4889279007911682,
0.8000492453575134,
-0.4715408980846405,
0.7214120626449585,
0.06681708991527557,
0.09811238944530487,
-0.11721011251211166,
0.40669554471969604,
-0.13127043843269348,
1.0205658674240112,
0.09747213125228882,
-0.07409227639436722,
0.2529526650905609,
-0.06813539564609528,
0.6857715249061584,
-0.08096057921648026,
-0.10478097945451736,
0.010013340041041374,
0.2594578266143799,
-0.12307053804397583,
-0.060613393783569336,
-0.2054673582315445,
-0.09874745458364487,
-0.4348239302635193,
-1.5620818138122559,
0.3783825635910034,
-0.8981882333755493,
-0.10932885855436325,
-1.133998155593872,
-0.035696107894182205,
0.3221774995326996,
0.052617475390434265,
0.5683069825172424,
0.5419880747795105,
-0.38834136724472046,
0.32487136125564575,
0.34083110094070435,
0.14561164379119873,
-0.6226121783256531,
0.1041177436709404,
0.35270315408706665,
-0.5660187005996704,
-0.03560306876897812,
-0.24107156693935394,
0.03307034447789192,
0.5518563389778137,
0.01561775803565979,
-0.7076752185821533,
-0.22098876535892487,
0.14561599493026733,
-0.3774503171443939,
0.3116971254348755,
0.1929447054862976,
0.4924551248550415,
-0.41617488861083984,
0.03146222606301308,
0.12021978944540024,
0.3531763255596161,
0.20957574248313904,
0.1877586394548416,
0.9831528067588806,
0.1385086178779602,
0.21466445922851562,
0.2135019302368164,
-0.8630201816558838,
0.35671499371528625,
0.6135244965553284,
0.7881370782852173,
-1.0001775026321411,
-0.10803860425949097,
0.2641640305519104,
-0.20128478109836578,
0.24916186928749084,
-0.2615092694759369,
-0.31469810009002686,
0.7316757440567017,
-0.25229790806770325,
0.49686557054519653,
-0.4305174648761749,
-0.1687014251947403,
1.1359055042266846,
0.2553143799304962,
-0.8325440287590027,
-1.075331449508667,
-0.8115048408508301,
0.01807396486401558,
0.4838768541812897,
-0.011267060413956642,
-0.5044975876808167,
0.17426271736621857,
-0.43114563822746277,
-0.4093128740787506,
-0.4186180830001831,
0.23538516461849213,
-0.14582043886184692,
-0.19102078676223755,
-0.41806715726852417,
-0.015886496752500534,
0.18206565082073212,
0.6383835673332214,
0.03249669447541237,
0.5198339819908142,
-0.13766954839229584,
0.4022737741470337,
0.30789390206336975,
0.11382211744785309,
-0.14986464381217957,
0.39193597435951233,
-0.7261490821838379,
0.7425234913825989,
-0.18701110780239105,
0.1347889006137848,
0.1140361875295639,
-0.9818618297576904,
-0.07882561534643173,
-0.19357728958129883,
0.5427405834197998,
-0.004694090224802494,
-0.972615122795105,
0.1874704509973526,
-0.3591724932193756,
0.19176602363586426,
0.9497629404067993,
0.2404021918773651,
0.06321074068546295,
-0.7242239117622375,
-0.20350952446460724,
-0.6673573851585388,
0.2151530683040619,
0.09282902628183365,
0.7550760507583618,
0.1833573281764984,
0.069267138838768,
0.5455915331840515,
0.3858584463596344,
0.3539259731769562,
0.3525542914867401,
0.36906898021698,
0.13602076470851898,
0.6094669103622437,
0.8338795304298401,
0.002704769838601351,
0.5273663997650146,
0.01338744442909956,
0.5266535878181458,
-0.4671894907951355,
0.2074851095676422,
1.3288905620574951,
0.10816442966461182,
0.5840030908584595,
0.5588304400444031,
0.052377939224243164,
-0.26158130168914795,
-0.6552300453186035,
0.4997710883617401,
0.3342590928077698,
-0.0499676913022995,
-0.19780674576759338,
-0.7364017367362976,
0.17881661653518677,
0.37443143129348755,
0.214617058634758,
-0.32365262508392334,
0.11193930357694626,
0.418444961309433,
-0.014504706487059593,
-0.09684545546770096,
-0.6930893063545227,
-0.4914485812187195,
-0.833323061466217,
0.9657954573631287,
-0.09505016356706619,
0.686222493648529,
-0.0561407208442688,
0.1104278564453125,
0.16149818897247314,
-0.06246771290898323,
0.26443296670913696,
-0.644045889377594,
-0.19384393095970154,
0.5890138745307922,
-0.22311842441558838,
-0.5151827335357666,
0.21483995020389557,
0.040187131613492966,
0.1277470886707306,
0.5418910980224609,
0.565721333026886,
0.2955954372882843,
-0.19160348176956177,
0.1643320471048355,
1.2333904504776,
-0.6331421136856079,
-0.10973470658063889,
0.01089159119874239,
-0.021475013345479965,
0.1801106035709381,
-0.4025607109069824,
0.23476523160934448,
-0.22541414201259613,
-0.05951179191470146,
-0.48510316014289856,
-0.28967803716659546,
0.729854166507721,
0.931891679763794,
-0.01620091311633587,
-0.0665469765663147,
0.5937445759773254,
0.2622116804122925,
-0.1886976659297943,
0.11455883085727692,
-0.10669248551130295,
0.09679519385099411,
0.050062354654073715,
0.019249236211180687,
-0.472874253988266,
0.5283272862434387,
-0.878625750541687,
-0.08577238023281097,
-0.20541244745254517,
0.05905935913324356,
-0.32708269357681274,
0.196794331073761,
0.5425775051116943,
0.17331984639167786,
-0.042003583163022995,
0.018242718651890755,
-0.023555491119623184,
0.28604525327682495,
-0.19205395877361298,
0.18753191828727722,
-0.12330760061740875,
0.03957822173833847,
-0.4689345955848694,
-0.1700163185596466,
-0.16211016476154327,
0.6640551686286926,
-0.41021260619163513,
0.596781313419342,
-0.2504773736000061,
-0.10855386406183243,
-0.2591799199581146,
0.09416645020246506,
-0.7902438640594482,
-0.5188314318656921,
-0.1759345978498459,
-0.1385219246149063,
0.9078301191329956,
-0.13889768719673157,
-0.2698610723018646,
-0.2635163962841034,
-0.11927507817745209,
0.26493576169013977,
0.03047342412173748,
-0.2916091978549957,
-0.14901459217071533,
-0.57545405626297,
-0.2015564739704132,
0.8290783166885376,
0.774085283279419,
-0.10789194703102112,
-0.566428542137146,
-0.33059701323509216,
-0.6063826680183411,
0.8140504956245422,
-0.05925964564085007,
-0.49710503220558167,
-0.688872218132019,
-0.300749272108078,
-0.21404051780700684,
-0.5389794111251831,
0.24054385721683502,
-0.3685402274131775,
0.22875666618347168,
-0.27115362882614136,
0.27207085490226746,
0.4876825511455536,
-0.5614209771156311,
0.33166205883026123,
-0.1323499232530594,
-0.11094634234905243,
0.23744821548461914,
-0.4159003794193268,
-0.153040811419487,
0.1815912425518036,
-0.5377702713012695,
-4.675135612487793,
1.0387424230575562,
-0.7827425599098206,
-0.6926277875900269,
-0.4185604155063629,
-0.5513003468513489,
0.2553606927394867,
-0.4588022828102112,
0.17087480425834656,
0.21610227227210999,
-1.0570794343948364,
-0.2464228868484497,
-0.22945736348628998,
0.5459142923355103,
1.0178806781768799,
0.4686523377895355,
0.5715839862823486,
0.17684710025787354,
0.31406015157699585,
0.6674470901489258,
-0.3812673091888428,
0.2891119420528412,
-0.15140032768249512,
0.20666630566120148,
0.6669269800186157,
1.0496234893798828,
-0.28477713465690613,
-0.681876540184021,
-0.8296765685081482,
-0.4175451993942261,
-0.1443002074956894,
0.07437215000391006,
-0.8484058976173401,
-0.6262375116348267,
-0.08294431865215302,
0.19382566213607788,
0.08538509160280228,
-0.19410063326358795,
0.12438593804836273,
-0.28866297006607056,
0.41604363918304443,
0.3446407914161682,
-0.5864402055740356,
-0.30582329630851746,
0.9538525342941284,
0.3947466015815735,
-0.49671411514282227,
-0.3397824168205261,
-0.23146013915538788,
0.6863483786582947,
0.3921912610530853,
0.4537440538406372,
0.5495100617408752,
0.10317480564117432,
0.15378491580486298,
-0.05472993478178978,
0.22434110939502716,
0.11222941428422928,
-0.5998101830482483,
0.3914913237094879,
0.16757065057754517,
-0.6451607942581177,
-0.15450267493724823,
0.24596300721168518,
-0.21548879146575928,
-0.4325884282588959,
-0.08082281053066254,
0.16019585728645325,
0.7382434010505676,
-0.03721736744046211,
0.020975446328520775,
0.5099186301231384,
-0.468869686126709,
-0.5154237747192383,
0.13899417221546173,
-0.6916900277137756,
-0.3908223807811737,
0.14218769967556,
-0.7841649651527405,
0.4439047873020172,
-0.36510488390922546,
0.19640928506851196,
0.29550930857658386,
0.466668039560318,
0.731563925743103,
-0.28588956594467163,
-0.32213497161865234,
-0.18405885994434357,
-0.5021657347679138,
-0.6854372024536133,
1.0038057565689087,
0.0075336336158216,
0.34601372480392456,
0.08729974180459976,
-0.21755865216255188,
-0.16170336306095123,
0.6740038394927979,
-0.12110944092273712,
-0.02664756029844284,
-0.5371278524398804,
0.1712017059326172,
-0.3045736849308014,
0.012287243269383907,
-0.40053874254226685,
-0.09472396969795227,
-0.6395293474197388,
0.043902985751628876,
0.1895741969347,
0.2624600827693939,
-0.19886890053749084,
-0.22117352485656738,
0.20418697595596313,
-0.06983005255460739,
0.03416966646909714,
0.7526029944419861,
0.2981320321559906,
-0.3318648040294647,
0.51213139295578,
0.46746161580085754,
0.2205171436071396,
0.1636645495891571,
-0.2034255415201187,
-0.07448254525661469,
-0.2088020294904709,
-0.2762383818626404,
-0.13393409550189972,
0.20301207900047302,
-0.6482664346694946,
-0.47021812200546265,
0.6286517977714539,
-0.1699974685907364,
0.25656625628471375,
-0.26440152525901794,
-0.6123682856559753,
-0.6047832369804382,
0.17816615104675293,
-1.4568204879760742,
-0.48751088976860046,
0.6057286262512207,
0.40115615725517273,
0.31659990549087524,
-0.10192352533340454,
-0.19073888659477234,
0.605157732963562,
-0.28051114082336426,
0.8167868852615356,
0.19275638461112976,
-0.4793207347393036,
-0.6526983380317688,
0.389909565448761,
-0.3238062858581543,
-0.8729732036590576,
-0.14823754131793976,
-0.8108177185058594,
0.518429696559906,
-0.12018892914056778,
0.14251336455345154,
0.40630751848220825,
0.29004788398742676,
-0.17695334553718567,
0.18673177063465118,
-0.3475355803966522,
-0.6387911438941956,
0.89879310131073,
0.04214908555150032,
-0.6337169408798218,
-0.6146829724311829,
0.069687619805336,
-0.8195781707763672,
0.34892553091049194,
0.44661808013916016,
-0.8812118768692017,
-0.25598618388175964,
0.23166058957576752,
0.47870686650276184,
-0.709529459476471,
0.007752296049147844,
0.15048904716968536,
-0.15516002476215363,
0.03866381570696831,
-0.3850570619106293,
-0.8796844482421875,
-0.5215371251106262,
-0.06565412133932114,
-0.1210416853427887,
-0.2992863655090332,
-0.26789310574531555,
-0.23102407157421112,
0.07107844948768616,
0.3043912947177887,
0.023576149716973305,
-0.4481441378593445,
0.14562809467315674,
0.20115430653095245,
-0.3512338101863861,
-1.1142321825027466,
0.21332328021526337,
0.31013965606689453,
-0.2281799614429474,
-0.6394669413566589,
-0.2642253339290619,
0.4328324496746063,
-0.6730564832687378,
0.0005656452267430723,
0.10571112483739853,
-0.7015089988708496,
0.5770214200019836,
0.9917563199996948,
-0.796062707901001,
0.43081024289131165,
-0.7533177137374878,
-0.8196486830711365,
0.3321322500705719,
0.7366264462471008,
0.052380893379449844,
0.5918125510215759,
0.34155935049057007,
0.2918209731578827,
-0.8514009714126587,
-0.3676430583000183,
-0.07787587493658066,
-0.18125294148921967,
-0.3958585560321808,
-1.036979079246521,
-0.4885922074317932,
1.0443637371063232,
-0.04074271395802498,
-0.009593305177986622,
0.7575981020927429,
-0.4262017011642456,
-0.1342683583498001,
-0.2794402837753296,
0.06790095567703247,
0.05088729411363602,
0.40375229716300964,
0.6831557154655457,
-0.629615068435669,
-0.17296966910362244,
1.155937671661377,
-0.18770213425159454,
0.3767913281917572,
1.0733164548873901,
0.3984454870223999,
-0.34413573145866394,
-0.7606878876686096,
0.2965961992740631,
0.46663984656333923,
-0.07470241189002991,
-1.371518611907959,
0.7319426536560059,
0.8463115096092224,
-0.646854043006897,
-0.6333580017089844,
-0.2443278282880783,
1.377009391784668,
-0.29517126083374023,
-0.5410258769989014,
0.9054986834526062,
-0.40641993284225464,
0.7297165989875793,
0.5230103135108948,
0.08702006191015244,
0.09314002096652985,
0.744227945804596,
1.1163183450698853,
0.3203182816505432,
0.30776140093803406,
-0.5154557228088379,
0.06405758112668991,
-0.9739610552787781,
0.09712383151054382,
-0.09255598485469818,
0.28465384244918823,
-0.1116664856672287,
-0.1836061030626297,
-0.1677912175655365,
0.07602229714393616,
-0.869916558265686,
-0.6618902683258057,
-0.3948403000831604,
-0.5072778463363647,
0.0438619926571846,
0.6940022110939026,
-0.08197823911905289,
0.3888401389122009,
-0.8530023097991943,
-0.6888056993484497,
0.25465306639671326,
-1.1346490383148193,
0.4418998658657074,
-0.763460636138916,
-0.06694776564836502,
-0.16212065517902374,
-0.7898568511009216,
0.35542920231819153,
0.14088015258312225,
0.39381301403045654,
-0.0736585482954979,
-0.38847607374191284,
0.182081937789917,
-0.7788640856742859,
1.2847405672073364,
-0.5198451280593872,
-0.5153526663780212,
0.1799895316362381,
-0.3368155062198639,
-0.2783893346786499,
-0.27441298961639404,
0.13700035214424133,
0.5497785210609436,
0.22965775430202484,
-0.00730407889932394,
-0.07202334702014923,
0.9291402101516724,
-0.824242353439331,
0.5004767179489136,
-0.23193836212158203,
-0.36375343799591064,
-0.041697368025779724,
0.3646898567676544,
0.030136797577142715,
-0.3259531557559967,
0.9183164834976196,
0.4561675190925598,
-0.10967475920915604,
0.630314826965332,
0.061743054538965225,
0.6820493340492249,
0.5503751039505005,
0.5913912057876587,
-0.2746634781360626,
-0.9605934619903564,
-0.3073709011077881,
-0.2207382768392563,
-0.6027906537055969,
-0.8694503903388977,
-0.41162723302841187,
-0.34128883481025696,
-0.4980247914791107,
0.35055455565452576,
-0.38162505626678467,
0.6874461770057678,
0.02740788646042347,
0.35415905714035034,
0.25976744294166565,
-0.3933703899383545,
-0.0469745472073555,
-0.0005735825398005545,
0.33559444546699524,
-0.24288439750671387,
-0.6400278806686401,
-0.4996078908443451,
-0.23964709043502808,
-0.7433672547340393,
-0.4243958592414856,
-0.1079476922750473,
0.5344988703727722,
-0.5886805057525635,
-0.02883455716073513,
0.3566123843193054,
-0.19084729254245758,
-0.5173405408859253,
0.2949482202529907,
0.6572923064231873,
0.3327016532421112,
-0.7155840992927551,
0.1977105289697647,
-0.8432743549346924,
-0.24339602887630463,
0.49725237488746643,
0.5472990274429321,
0.45855650305747986,
0.32778051495552063,
0.5721757411956787,
0.16711211204528809,
0.5448688864707947,
0.05616272613406181,
0.29887545108795166,
0.014448883011937141,
0.27601131796836853,
-0.19577762484550476,
0.6664575338363647,
-0.12642331421375275,
-0.3548024594783783,
0.17767930030822754,
-0.8235203623771667,
0.0630536824464798,
0.10249824076890945,
0.49390751123428345,
-0.30284202098846436,
-0.1078273355960846,
-0.958718478679657,
-0.43388301134109497,
0.03710809350013733,
0.2539237141609192,
-0.05756092071533203,
0.33439576625823975,
0.7895159721374512,
0.9298684597015381,
0.11995641887187958,
0.29114189743995667,
-0.30571362376213074,
0.48977410793304443,
-0.2705247402191162,
0.5070846676826477,
0.17557848989963531,
-0.5732271075248718,
0.38180118799209595,
-0.6052504777908325,
0.9203252196311951,
0.018600093200802803,
0.586989164352417,
-0.27778497338294983,
0.9697953462600708,
0.037072356790304184,
0.28468605875968933,
0.4237271845340729,
-0.07239845395088196,
-0.34512075781822205,
-0.4648202955722809,
0.12839336693286896,
-0.965630829334259,
0.45082560181617737,
0.3531832993030548,
0.09267851710319519,
-0.6098765730857849,
-0.3496256470680237,
-0.2763477563858032,
-0.3509613871574402,
0.21108092367649078,
0.3424449861049652,
-0.39917635917663574,
-0.12881703674793243,
-0.6329128742218018,
-0.5821647047996521,
-1.1200616359710693,
-0.5034199357032776,
1.092685341835022,
0.4038006663322449,
-0.5136789679527283,
-0.4132079780101776,
-0.48883292078971863,
-0.5752522349357605,
-0.14530253410339355,
0.9252223968505859,
0.6321301460266113,
-1.511379599571228,
-0.7580828070640564,
-0.5714947581291199,
0.03749920055270195,
0.2918314039707184,
-0.12429811805486679,
0.5983055830001831,
-0.2430255264043808,
-0.11055593192577362,
0.687031090259552,
0.3033166229724884,
-0.2854115664958954,
0.8674166798591614,
0.030407484620809555
]
|
123548 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missoula%2C%20Montana | Missoula, Montana | Missoula is a city in the U.S. state of Montana; it is the county seat of Missoula County. It is located along the Clark Fork River near its confluence with the Bitterroot and Blackfoot Rivers in western Montana and at the convergence of five mountain ranges, thus it is often described as the "hub of five valleys". The 2020 United States Census shows the city's population at 73,489 and the population of the Missoula Metropolitan Area at 117,922. After Billings, Missoula is the second-largest city and metropolitan area in Montana. Missoula is home to the University of Montana, a public research university.
The Missoula area began seeing settlement by people of European descent in 1858 including William T. Hamilton, who set up a trading post along the Rattlesnake Creek, Captain Richard Grant, who settled near Grant Creek, and David Pattee, who settled near Pattee Canyon. Missoula was founded in 1860 as Hellgate Trading Post while still part of Washington Territory. By 1866, the settlement had moved east, upstream, and had been renamed Missoula Mills, later shortened to Missoula. The mills provided supplies to western settlers traveling along the Mullan Road. The establishment of Fort Missoula in 1877 to protect settlers further stabilized the economy. The arrival of the Northern Pacific Railway in 1883 brought rapid growth and the maturation of the local lumber industry. In 1893, the Montana Legislature chose Missoula as the site for the state's first university. Along with the U.S. Forest Service headquarters founded in 1908, lumber and the university remained the basis of the local economy for the next 100 years.
By the 1990s, Missoula's lumber industry had gradually disappeared, and , the city's largest employers were the University of Montana, Missoula County Public Schools, and Missoula's two hospitals. The city is governed by a mayor–council government with 12 city council members, two from each of the six wards. In and around Missoula are of parkland, of trails, and nearly of open-space conservation land, with adjacent Mount Jumbo being home to grazing elk and mule deer during the winter. The city is also home to both of Montana's largest and its oldest active breweries, as well as the Montana Grizzlies, one of the strongest college football programs in the Division I Football Championship Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Notable residents include the first woman to serve in the U.S. Congress, Jeannette Rankin.
History
Archaeological artifacts date the earliest inhabitants of the Missoula Valley to with settlements as early as . From the 1700s until 1850s, those who used the land were primarily, the Salish, Kootenai, Pend d'Oreille, Blackfeet, and Shoshone. Located at the confluence of five mountain valleys, the Missoula Valley was heavily traversed by local and distant native tribes that periodically went to the Eastern Montana plains in search of bison. This led to conflicts. The narrow valley at Missoula's eastern entrance was so strewn with human bones from repeated ambushes that French fur trappers later referred to this area as , translated as "". would remain the name of the area until it was renamed "Missoula" in 1866.
The Lewis and Clark Expedition brought the first U.S. citizens to the area. They twice stopped just south of Missoula at Traveler's Rest. They camped there the first time on their westbound trip in September 1805. When they stayed there again, on their return in June–July 1806, Clark left heading south along the Bitterroot River and Lewis traveled north, then east, through Hellgate Canyon. In 1860, Village was established west of present-day downtown by Christopher P. Higgins and Frank Worden as a trading post to serve travelers on the recently completed Mullan Road, the first wagon road to cross the Rocky Mountains to the inland of the Pacific Northwest. The desire for a more convenient water supply to power a lumber and flour mill led to the movement of the settlement to its modern location in 1864.
The Missoula Mills replaced Village as the economic power of the valley and replaced it as the county seat in 1866. The name "Missoula" came from the Salish name for the Clark Fork River, nmesuletkw, which roughly translates as "place of frozen water". Fort Missoula was established in 1877 to help protect further arriving settlers. Growth accelerated with the arrival of the Northern Pacific Railway in 1883, and by charter, Missoula incorporated a municipal government as a town, the same year. In 1885, Missoula reincorporated its government as a city.
In 1893, Missoula was chosen as the location for the first state university, the University of Montana. The need for lumber for the railway and its bridges spurred the opening of multiple saw mills in the area, and in turn, the beginning of Missoula's lumber industry, which remained the mainstay of the area economy for the next 100 years. The United States Forest Service work in Missoula began in 1905. Missoula is also home of the smokejumpers' headquarters and will be the site of the National Museum of Forest Service History. Nationally, there are nine Forest Service regions; Region1 is headquartered in Missoula.
Logging remained a mainstay of industry in Missoula with the groundbreaking of the Hoerner-Waldorf pulp mill in 1956, which resulted in protests over the resultant air pollution. An article in Life 13 years later speaks of Missoulians sometimes needing to drive with headlights on during the day to navigate through the smog. In 1979, almost 40% of the county labor income still came from the wood and paper-products sector. The lumber industry was hit hard by the recession of the early 1980s and Missoula's economy began to diversify. By the early 1990s, the disappearance of many of the region's log yards, along with legislation, had helped clean the air dramatically.
, education and healthcare were Missoula's leading industries; the University of Montana, Missoula County Public Schools, and the two hospitals in the city were the largest employers. St. Patrick Hospital and Health Sciences Center, founded in 1873, is the region's only Level II trauma center and has undergone three major expansions since the 1980s. Likewise, the University of Montana grew 50% and built or renovated 20 buildings from 1990–2010. These industries, as well as expansions in business and professional services, and retail are expected to be the main engines of future growth.
Geography
Missoula is located at the western edge of Montana, approximately from the Idaho border. The city is at an elevation of above sea level, with nearby Mount Sentinel and Mount Jumbo steeply rising to and , respectively. According to the Census Bureau's figures, the city had a total area of , of which were land and were covered by water.
Around 13,000 years ago, the entire valley was at the bottom of Glacial Lake Missoula. As could be expected for a former lake bottom, the layout of Missoula is relatively flat and surrounded by steep hills. Evidence of the city of Missoula's lake-bottom past can be seen in the form of ancient horizontal wave-cut shorelines on nearby Mount Sentinel and Mount Jumbo. At the location of present-day University of Montana, the lake once had a depth of . The Clark Fork River enters the Missoula Valley from the east through Hellgate Canyon after joining the nearby Blackfoot River at the site of the former Milltown Dam. The Bitterroot River and multiple smaller tributaries join the Clark Fork on the western edge of Missoula. The city also sits at the convergence of five mountain ranges: the Bitterroot Mountains, Sapphire Range, Garnet Range, Rattlesnake Mountains, and the Reservation Divide, thus is often described as being the "hub of five valleys".
Suburbs
Bonner-West Riverside
Clinton
Evaro
Frenchtown
Lolo
Orchard Homes
Wye
Flora and fauna
Located in the Northern Rockies, Missoula has a typical Rocky Mountain ecology. Local wildlife includes populations of white-tailed deer, moose, grizzly bears, black bears, osprey, and bald eagles. During the winter, rapid snowmelt on Mount Jumbo due to its steep slope leaves grass available for grazing elk and mule deer. The rivers around Missoula provide nesting habitats for bank swallows, northern rough-winged swallows, and belted kingfishers. Killdeer and spotted sandpipers can be seen foraging for insects along the gravel bars. Other species include song sparrows, catbirds, several species of warblers, and the pileated woodpecker. The rivers also provide cold, clean water for native fish such as westslope cutthroat trout and bull trout. The meandering streams also attract beaver and wood ducks. The parks also host a variety of snakes such as racers, garter snakes, and rubber boa.
Native riparian plant life includes sandbar willows and cottonwoods with Montana's state tree, the ponderosa pine, also being prevalent. Other native plants include wetland species such as cattails and beaked sedge, as well as shrubs and berry plants such as Douglas hawthorn, chokecherry, and western snowberries. To the chagrin of local farmers, Missoula is also home to several noxious weeds, which multiple programs have set out to eliminate. Notable ones include Dalmatian toadflax, spotted knapweed, leafy spurge, St. John's wort, and sulfur cinquefoil. Controversially, the Norway maples that line many of Missoula's older streets have also been declared an invasive species.
Climate
Missoula has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb), with cold and moderately snowy winters, hot and dry summers, and short, crisp springs and autumns. Winters are usually milder than much of the rest of the state due to Missoula's location west of the Rockies, allowing it to receive mild, moist Pacific air and avoid the worst of cold snaps; however, it also gets more precipitation in winter. Winter snowfall averages , typically occurring between October 30 and April 20. As with the rest of the state, summers are very sunny, and the average diurnal temperature variation is more than from late June through late September, due to the relative aridity. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from in December to in July. On average, annually, there are 24 days with temperatures at or above , 45 days where the temperature does not rise above freezing, and 7.8 days with temperatures reaching at or below . Record temperatures range from on January 26, 1957 up to on July 6, 2007; the record cold maximum is , last recorded on February 2, 1989, while, conversely, the record warm minimum is on July 27, 1939.
Demographics
The median income for a household in the city was $30,366, and for a family was $42,103. Males had a median income of $30,686 versus $21,559 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,166. About 11.7% of families and 19.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.5% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over. About 40.3% of Missoula residents age 25 and older have a bachelor's or advanced college degree.
2010 census
's census, 66,788 people, 29,081 households, and 13,990 families resided in the city. The population density was . The 30,682 housing units averaged . The racial makeup of the city was 92.1% White, 0.5% African American, 2.8% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 2.8% from two or more races. Latinos of any race were 2.9% of the population.
Of the 29,081 households, 23.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.4% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 51.9% were not families. About 35.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.82.
In the city, the population was distributed as 17.9% of residents under 18, 19.7% between the ages of 18 and 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age in the city was 30.9 years. The gender makeup of the city was 49.9% male and 50.1% female.
Economy
Missoula began as a trading post in the 1860s situated along the Mullan Military Road to take advantage of the first route across the Bitterroot Mountains to the plains of Eastern Washington. Its designation as county seat in 1866 and location of the hastily built Fort Missoula in 1877 ensured Missoula's status as a regional commercial center, a status further consolidated in 1883 with the arrival of the Northern Pacific Railway. The railroad expanded Missoula's trade area to cover a 150-mile radius, and Missoula's location as the railway's division point and repair shops provided hundreds of jobs. When the railway began expanding again in 1898, increased freight shipments came through the city, and with the arrival of the Milwaukee Road and regional office for the U.S. Forest Service, as well as the opening of the Flathead Indian Reservation to settlement all within a couple years of each other beginning in 1908, the economy began to expand rapidly.
Lumber mills were originally built to provide construction-grade materials for homes and businesses, but then expanded to entice and then meet the demands of the railroad; they profited from an increase in demand from railroad expansion and the nation at large. The Bonner mill, owned the Northern Pacific and Copper King Marcus Daly, became the largest producer of lumber in the northwest. In 1908, Missoula's location as both a major lumber producer and a regional commercial center helped land the city the regional office for the newly establish U.S. Forest Service, created to help manage the nation's timber supply. Over the next century, Missoula's various lumber industries was consolidated under various entities such as the Anaconda Company in the 1970s and Champion International Paper through the 1980s until most were under control of Plum Creek Timber, all the while demand in timber dropped. In 2007, a downward spiral of Missoula's lumber industry began with the closure of a plywood plant in Bonner, the closure of Bonner's sawmill in 2008, and the closing of the Smurfit-Stone Container pulp mill in 2010.
Since opening in 1895, the University of Montana has had a major impact on the development of Missoula's economy. In addition to the economic advantage from accommodating the student body, it gave the city an educated workforce not available in most of the state. The university has a close relationship with the city as Missoula's largest employer and with the millions of dollars the school brings into the city through visitors of school-sponsored sporting and cultural events. The university also houses Missoula's only business incubator, the Montana Technology Enterprise Center, and several start-up businesses.
Missoula is the hub of its Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) economic area, which includes the Montana counties of Flathead, Lake, Lincoln, Mineral, Missoula, Ravalli, and Sanders. , the BEA listed the economic area population at 306,050. Key businesses sectors serving the area include health care, retail shopping, transportation, financial services, government and social services, education, events, arts and culture. Health care in particular is one of Missoula's fastest growing industries with St. Patrick Hospital (western Montana's only level-II trauma center) and the Community Medical Center, already the city's second- and third-largest employers behind the university. About 55% of employment in Missoula is made up of the service and retail sectors. Export industries are concentrated in heavy and civil engineering, construction, beverage production, technical services, truck transportation, and forestry-, logging-, and wood-related industries. In addition to nearly 4million out-of-state visitors annually, which makes tourism a significant aspect of the Missoula economy, Missoula also is home to a vibrant sector of alternative healthcare.
, Missoula ranked 299 nationally in gross metropolitan product with an output of $5billion, the city's total personal income ranked 333 at $4.18billion, an increase of more than 47% since 2003. , per capita personal income ranked 239 at $37,397 a year, 84% of the national average. The Missoula metropolitan area's unemployment rate was 3.7% , dropping nearly 0.8% in the twelve months prior.
Culture
Missoula, often considered the cultural center of Montana, is the location of the state's first university, and an eclectic mix of loggers, hippies, college students, sports fans, and retirees. Community events generally take place downtown either outdoors or in one of the several downtown buildings listed on the National Historic Registry.
Since 2006, the River City Roots Festival has been an event each August with music, beer, food, and art, and generally attracts crowds of 15,000. The longest-standing event downtown has been the Missoula Farmers Market that was founded in 1972, which provides an outlet for Western Montana produce on Saturday mornings from May to October as well as Tuesday evenings from July to early September. An arts and crafts People's Market and a Clark Fork Market run concurrently. Downtown hosts "First Friday Missoula", a gallery walk on the first Friday of the month to feature local art from museums and galleries, such as that of Monte Dolack. Missoula celebrates "First Night Missoula" on New Year's Eve, which includes food and live entertainment. The "Festival of the Book" to celebrate the literature of the American West was rebranded the "Montana Book Festival" in 2015. Missoula's two historic theatres both hold annual film festivals: the Roxy hosting the International Wildlife Film Festival, established in 1977 as the first juried wildlife film festival in the world; and since 2003, the Wilma accommodating the largest film event in Montana, the Big Sky Documentary Film Festival.
In performance arts, the Missoula Community Theatre has held performances of musical and nonmusical plays since 1977, with its affiliated Missoula Children's Theatre also acting as an international touring program that visits nearly 1,000 communities per year around the world. Missoula is also home to a number of modern dance companies, including Bare Bait Dance and Headwaters Dance Company. Rocky Mountain Ballet Theatre and Garden City Ballet are also based in Missoula.
The Montana Museum of Art & Culture, which became a state museum in 2001, is one Montana's oldest cultural reserves, having begun in 1894; its permanent collection houses more than 10,000 original works. The Missoula Museum of Art is housed in a former Carnegie library; it features contemporary art and annually features 20–25 group and solo exhibits. Fort Missoula is home to the Historic Museum, dedicated to preserving the history of Western Montana, and to the Rocky Mountain Museum of Military History and the Northern Rockies Heritage Center. The National Museum of Forest Service History is constructing the National Conservation Legacy and Education Center in Missoula, too.
Opened in 1987, Missoula's Bayern Brewing is the oldest active brewery in Montana. Big Sky Brewing opened in 1995 and with a production over 38,000 barrels , it is by far Montana's largest brewery, and produces the best-selling beer brewed in Montana, Moose Drool Brown Ale. Missoula has also been home to Kettle House Brewing since 1995 and Draught Works opened in 2011. Big Sky, Bayern, and Kettlehouse represent the first-, second-, and third-largest breweries, respectively, in Montana. Also in 2011, Tamarack Brewing and Flathead Lake Brewing Company from nearby Lake County opened pub houses at downtown Missoula locations. The city also holds annual the Garden City Brewfest and Winterfest, and also periodically hosts the Montana Brewers Festival.
Sports
Missoula plays host to a variety of intercollegiate, youth, and amateur sports organizations in addition to a minor league baseball team. The Montana Grizzlies' football and basketball teams of the University of Montana have the highest attendance. The Montana Grizzlies football team has a successful program within the NCAA D-1 FCS level. Their home games at Washington–Grizzly Stadium have a near 90% winning percentage and average over 25,000 spectators in attendance. All games are televised throughout Montana. The Grizzlies men's and Lady Griz basketball teams have also been successful at the conference level, where they both rank at or near the top in attendance, about 4,000 and 3,000, respectively, and play their home games at Dahlberg Arena.
Missoula is also home to the Missoula PaddleHeads, a rookie affiliate of the Arizona Diamondbacks, who play in the Rocky Mountain-based Pioneer Baseball League. They play their home games at Ogren Park at Allegiance Field. Also competing regionally are the Hellgate Rollergirls, a roller derby team that competes at the Adams Center. Since 1977, Missoula has also held "Maggotfest", a festival-style rugby tournament hosted by the Missoula Maggots Rugby Club the first weekend in May. The non-elimination tournament focuses on the fun aspect of the game, attracting 36 teams (male and female) from around the United States and Canada. In regular-season play, the Missoula Maggots compete as part of the Montana Rugby Union alongside another local rugby team, the University of Montana Jesters.
Parks and recreation
The city has over of parkland, of trails, and nearly of conserved open space. Located at the confluence of three rivers (the Clark Fork, Bitterroot, and Blackfoot), the area is also popular for white water rafting and, thanks largely to the novel and subsequent film A River Runs Through It by Missoula native Norman Maclean, is well known for its fly fishing. Additionally, Missoula has two aquatic parks, multiple golf courses, is home to the Adventure Cycling Association, and hosts what Runner's World called the "best overall" marathon in the U.S. There are also three ski areas within : Montana Snowbowl, Discovery Ski Area, and Lost Trail Powder Mountain. Slightly farther away are Lookout Pass, Blacktail Mountain, and Big Mountain.
A system of public parks was developed in Missoula in 1902 with the donation by lumber baron Thomas Greenough and his wife Tessie. They gave a tract of land along Rattlesnake Creek for Greenough Park, on the condition that "the land forever be used as a park and for park purposes to which the people of Missoula may ... find a comfortable, romantic and poetic retreat". In a follow-up nine years later in a letter to the Missoulian, he stressed his interest in having the park remain in as close to a native state as possible. That request, along with the discovery that non-native Norway maples were inhibiting the growth of native trees and shrubs such as cottonwoods, ponderosa pines, and Rocky Mountain maples, led to the controversial decision to remove Norway maples from the park with the hope of returning it to its natural state.
In 1924, Bonner Park was created out of John L. Bonner's estate near the university. Today's park has multiple athletic fields and courts, and band shell used by the Missoula City band through the summer. The Kiwanis club set up a Kiwanis Park downtown in 1934, making it the first of a string of parks that line both sides of the Clark Fork River. One of those parks on the southern bank of the river is McCormick Park, which was created with WPA funds out of surplus highway land, a parcel from the American Hide and Fur Company, and land donated from the Kate McCormick estate. The park, named for Washington J. McCormick and his wife, is home to a skate park, aquatics center, a free bike check-out, and a children's fishing pond. Other popular parks include the Jacobs Island Bark Park, a designated area for dogs to play off-leash; the Montana State veterans' memorial rose garden; Waterwise Garden, a "living laboratory" garden utilizing water conservation techniques; and Splash Montana Waterpark at Playfair Park.
Caras Park
Caras Park is located just south of the historic Wilma Theatre downtown. It is located on land reclaimed when the Higgins Avenue Bridge was widened from two lanes to four in 1962. Before the reclamation, the Clark Fork River divided to create an island with the north channel's bank extending to nearby buildings such as the Wilma Theatre. The south channel was deepened for the increased water flow and the infilled land later became Caras Park. Events in the park were not common until the early 1980s and permanent fixtures such as "Out to Lunch", which began in 1986. The Missoula Downtown Association took over from Parks and Recreation to manage the park and made improvements to make Caras Park more event-friendly. Seating, event circles, brick plazas, restrooms, and storage structures were added. Large temporary tents were used for events until 1997, when a permanent pavilion was constructed. The park is a hub of city festivities including include "Out to Lunch", the International Wildlife Film Festival, First Night Missoula, Garden City BrewFest and offered intimate concert settings for artists such as Jewel, Chris Isaak, Santana, Ziggy Marley, and B.B. King. Located next to Caras Park is A Carousel for Missoula, a wooden, hand-carved and volunteer-built carousel; and Dragon Hollow, a children's recreational area adjacent to the carousel.
Government and politics
Missoula's system of government has changed four times since 1883, when an aldermanic form of government was approved with the town charter. The city adopted a commission-council form of government in 1911 with the opening of new City Hall and a council–manager government in 1954 before returning to an aldermanic form of government in 1959. Since January 1, 1997, Missoula has been governed in accordance with the Missoula City Charter, which calls for a mayor–council system of government.
The current system comprises a mayor and city treasurer elected in a citywide vote and 12 city council members who must reside in and are elected from one of six wards, with each ward having two council members. All positions are nominally nonpartisan. Council members and the mayor are elected to four-year terms with council-member elections being staggered to allow only one member from each ward to up for re-election. No term limits exist for either position.
Missoula's state legislative delegation is the second-largest in the Montana Legislature and is represented by districts 91–100 in the Montana House of Representatives and districts 46–50 in the Montana Senate. Having 13 Democrats and two Republicans in its state legislative delegation, Missoula is known as a more liberal area than the rest of the state.
Though Missoula's political leanings may not be unique for a college town, its initiative to make marijuana possession the lowest priority of and symbolic resolutions calling on Congress to withdraw from and to amend the U.S. Constitution to declare that "corporations are often put it at odds with the rest of the state. In 2011, the Montana legislature, with a Republican House majority, attempted to overturn Missoula's marijuana law and revoke its ability to have an anti-discrimination ordinance that included the LGBT community. The marijuana repeal was vetoed by then-Governor Brian Schweitzer and the attempt to repeal the anti-discrimination ordinance died in the State Senate.
In 2020, Missoula County became the first county in Montana to adopt a county sales tax on gasoline (an option afforded to counties in Montana that had gone unused for several decades). The Montana Legislature and Governor Greg Gianforte blocked this decision the following year, repealing the sales tax provision from state law.
Education
Missoula's first school was opened in late 1869 with 16 students from around the region and their teacher Emma C. Slack, who had come to Missoula by a two-month trip by horseback, railroad, and boat from Baltimore at the invitation of her brother. She resigned two years later upon marrying (the first couple married in Missoula) and was replaced by Elizabeth Countryman, who later married Missoula's first mayor, The first public high school was opened in 1904, but was converted back to a grade school after the Missoula County High School (now Hellgate High School) was opened in 1908. After several expansions, Stanford University was commissioned in 1951 to create a master building plan to manage future growth. It suggested purchasing land and building an additional campus at the Garden City Airport's Hale Field, which was gradually being replaced by the Missoula County Airport, which was then southwest of town. The new school (now Sentinel High School) was opened in 1957. Initially, the two campuses were separated between upper and lower classmen with upper classmen in the new school, but in 1965, the two campuses became separate high schools. In 1974, the private Loyola Sacred Heart Catholic High School was created from a merger of the all-girls Sacred Heart Academy (.1873) and the all-boys Loyola High School (.1912). In 1980, Missoula's third public high school, Big Sky, was established.
Missoula's public schools are part of the Missoula County Public School In Missoula, there are nine public elementary schools (kindergarten to 5th grade), three public middle schools (6th to 8th grades), four public high schools (9th to 12th grades), and three public schools serving kindergarten to 8th grade. Missoula also has several private schools including an international school, religious-affiliated schools, as well as Next Step Prep, a theater academy high school operated by the Missoula Children's Theatre.
The University of Montana dominates higher education in Missoula. The university, established in 1893, was Montana's first, and has the state's second-largest enrollment, with 12,922 students . The campus houses six colleges and three schools including Montana's first and only law school, the Alexander Blewett III School of Law at the University of Montana. The university is also the location of the state's Regional Federal Depository Library, and houses the state Arboretum. The University of Montana College of Technology, established in 1956 and formerly known as the Missoula Vocational Technical Center, offers fast-track learning programs. Multiple vocational programs not affiliated with the university ranging from photography and massage to truck driving also have a presence in Missoula.
Missoula has a public library, the Missoula Public Library.
Media
Broadcast
Missoula's single–broadcast over–air television media market is the largest in Montana and ranked 165 nationally in . Though Missoula itself is second in population to Billings, Montana, Missoula's single-broadcast over-air television media market includes all of Missoula, Ravalli, Granite, Mineral, Lake, Flathead, and Sanders Counties in the more densely populated western region of Montana and serves over 112,600 television homes . Missoula is home to three local affiliate channels: KPAX-TV (CBS/MTN, ; founded 1970; ), KECI-TV (NBC; founded 1954 as KGVO-TV; ), and KTMF-TV (ABC, FOX; founded 1991; ). Also based in Missoula at the University of Montana is (founded 1984; ).
Print and online
Missoula has three main sources of print and digital media: the Missoulian (daily), The Missoula Current (daily), and Montana Kaimin (college). The Missoulian was founded as a weekly publication in 1870 as The Missoula and Cedar Creek Pioneer and remains the city's oldest news product. The Missoula Current was founded in 2015 and provides local and regional coverage and is the state's largest digital-only news product. The MontanaKaimin (founded 1891) is distributed for free throughout parts of Missoula with heavy student traffic from the University of Montana where the newspaper is printed Monday through Friday during the school year.
Infrastructure
Health care
Missoula has two primary health care facilities: St. Patrick Hospital and Health Sciences Center and Community Medical Center. St. Patrick's was founded in 1873 under the sponsorship of the Sisters of Providence. It is the only Level II trauma center in western Montana and has undergone three major expansions since the 1980s. The hospital has 195 acute-care beds and admitted over 9,700 patients in 2003. The name was changed from "St. Patrick Hospital" to "St. Patrick Hospital and Health Sciences Center" in 2000 to reflect an increasing involvement with national medical research and education. The Community Medical Center and its adjacent medical facilities are located near Fort Missoula and is part of a modern complex that includes a nursing home, the Missoula Crippled Children's Center, and private offices. It was founded in 1922 as Thornton Hospital by doctors Will Thornton and Charles Thornton and has been at its current location since 1972. Although originally a locally owned, nonprofit hospital, it is now owned by a large corporation headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee, and is a for-profit entity. It is the only hospital in Western Montana with a separate Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. The center is partnered with Seattle Children's Hospital. The nearest Level I trauma center to Missoula is Harborview Medical Center in Seattle, Washington.
Utilities
The earliest Missoulians drew their water directly from the Clark Fork River or nearby Rattlesnake Creek. The first water system consisted of a Native American known as One-Eyed Riley and his friend filling buckets of water from the Rattlesnake Creek and hauling them door to door on a donkey cart. In 1871 city co-founder Frank Worden began construction of a long pipe and wooden main system that flowed from the Rattlesnake Creek north of the city. With the addition of two small covered reservoirs, the first municipal water system was begun in 1880. With an intake dam built-in 1901 with a settling basin capacity of , the Rattlesnake Creek continued to meet the demands of the city until 1935 when five wells were added to respond to increased summer and fall demand. This system is still maintained as an emergency backup but was discontinued as a primary source after Giardia outbreak in 1983. Since then, Missoula has relied on the Missoula Valley Aquifer as the sole source of water. In 1889, the first electrical plant was built by to power his major downtown properties such as the Missoula Mercantile and the Florence Hotel. In 1905, the Missoula Mercantile (by then owned by Copper King William A. Clark purchased the water system and consolidated it with its vast electrical holdings to create the Missoula Light and Water Company (ML&W) a year later. Electricity and water remained bundled after ML&W's sale to the Montana Power Company (MPC) in 1929. In 1979, MPC sold its water utility holdings as Mountain Water Company to Park Water Company in Downey, California, which since 2011 has been a subsidiary of The Carlyle Group. In 2015, the City of Missoula was legally granted its right to acquire the water system by exercising its power of eminent domain", but the decision was upheld by a district court.
Following the deregulation of Montana's electricity market in 1997, Montana Power Company began to divest its energy business. MPC sold substantially all its electrical generating assets to the PPL Corporation in December 1997 and its energy transmission and distribution business to NorthWestern Corporation in February 2002. Despite filing for bankruptcy in 2002, NorthWestern Corporation's subsidiary NorthWestern Energy is the primary provider of electric and natural gas service to Missoula in addition to the Rural Utilities Service's Missoula Electric Cooperative.
Local telephone service in the area is provided by CenturyLink and Blackfoot Telecommunications. Major cell phone providers include AT&T, Sprint, Verizon, and T-Mobile. Allied Waste handles recycling through a program where customers can purchase special blue bags to designate recyclables. Recycling has also been offered by Missoula Valley Recycling since 1992, by Garden City Recycling since 2010 which offers curbside pickup, and by Pacific Steel & Recycling which offers drop-off recycling. Sewer service is handled by the City of Missoula Wastewater Division.
City layout and development
In the mid-1860s, and Frank Worden began plotting what would become the town of Missoula along the Mullan Military Road, which ran parallel to the Clark Fork River. Through downtown Missoula, the route of the road is now Front Street. It is intersected by Higgins Avenue, to which a bridge across the Clark Fork was added in 1873. The intersection of these two streets became the default center of the city, and remains the numerical center regarding city street addresses. The arrival of the Northern Pacific Railway in 1883 led to a housing boom along the tracks, particularly on the northern side where many of the railway workers would reside. When the Higgins Avenue Bridge was replaced in 1893, they debated whether the bridge should continue southwest toward the Bitterroot Valley as it had earlier or due south. Attorneys and had already laid out plots of land five years earlier for what they hoped would be a new town of "South Missoula". The streets there were perpendicular to the Bitterroot Wagon Road. In contrast, Judge Hiram Knowles who owned the land just south of the river preferred the north–south plan and did not want to become part of South Missoula. The result was a along the west side of Higgins Avenue commonly referred to as the "Slant Streets" centered along what is now Stephens Avenue. Stephens Avenue and Brooks Street are the only arterials to traverse the city diagonally along with the Bitterroot Branch of Montana Rail Link. With the exception of Downtown, the rest of the city, where streets follow the angle of the river, and newer expansions into the hills, strictly follow the grid plan. With the establishment of the University of Montana in 1893 and the announcement that the tracks of the Milwaukee Road would be located south of the river, houses began to spread quickly throughout the university and south side districts. The area near the university was promoted as high-end and luxurious homes appeared on Hammond Avenue (then nicknamed "Millionaires Row" and known today as Gerald Avenue).
The arrival of Interstate90 in the mid-1960s forced the removal of 60 homes, including the Greenough Mansion. The north side of Missoula became isolated between the Interstate and the tracks while the Greenough Mansion was moved to a South Hills golf course and converted to a restaurant. This dichotomy has prevailed with the North Side feeling neglected by the city while the South Hills became an upscale neighborhood. The Missoula Downtown Master Plan of 2009 emphasized redevelopment of the North Side's former rail yard and the area just south of the tracks.
The city is divided into 18 neighborhood councils, of which all Missoula residents are members. The city further contains 10 historical districts: Downtown Missoula, East Pine Street, Fort Missoula, Lower Rattlesnake, McCormick, Northside, Southside, University Area and, the campus of the University of Montana.
Trail system
Missoula has an extensive trail system for both commuting and recreation that extends over . The city is actively trying to connect its various sections within the city to each other and to recreational trails extending beyond the city. The heart of the Missoula Commuter Bike Network is the trails along either side of the Clark Fork River that link Downtown with surrounding neighborhoods, the university, city parks, and outlying open space with smooth surfaces and three bicycle/pedestrian bridges. The most southern of these is Milwaukee Trail, which follows the former Milwaukee Railroad and continues east out of town as the Kim Williams Nature Trail beside Mount Sentinel. The Bitterroot Branch Trail connects to the Riverfront trails west of Downtown and, when completed, will provide a trail from Downtown to Southgate Mall. Near the Bitterroot Branch Trail, but not connected, is the South Avenue Trail on the west side of Reserve Street that connects the Community Medical Center with Fort Missoula, nearby athletic fields, and the Bitterroot River. The South Hills neighborhood has its own system of trails that is also approaching, but not quite meeting, the larger network.
Transportation
Highways
runs east–west along the northern edge of Missoula at the base of the North Hills, with all but a small portion of the city located south of the highway. Completed in 1965 at the expense of 60 homes, the Garden City Brewery, and the Greenough Mansion, I‑90 has four city exits and makes connections with , and Montana Highway 200. The original , approved by the AASHO in 1939 to extend west into Montana, did not include Missoula until the highway was rerouted along State Route6 in October 1959 and was not extended west from Missoula until 1962. The road now crosses Missoula southwest–northeast. serves as a major economic corridor for western Montana connecting Missoula with the Bitterroot Valley communities to the south and Flathead Lake, Kalispell, and Glacier National Park to the north. , the longest state highway in the United States enters Missoula from the east and provides access along the Blackfoot River and a direct route to Great Falls.
Transit
Public transportation in Missoula began as early as 1890 with a horse-drawn streetcar system (electrified in 1910) operated by the Missoula Street Railway Company that connected Downtown Missoula with the University, Bonner, the fairgrounds, and Fort Missoula. These streetcars were then replaced by buses in 1932 due to cost. Bus service today is provided by Mountain Line, a public transit agency created by public vote in 1976 as part of the Missoula Urban Transportation District (MUTD) that began operation in December 1977. Mountain Line operates twelve bus routes within a area, serving Missoula, East Missoula, Bonner, Target Range, Rattlesnake, and the airport. Additionally the line has offered paratransit services since 1991 to assist the disabled, senior van since 2008, and has four park‑and‑ride lots throughout Missoula. Special bus service is offered to the University of Montana through three of the city's park‑and‑ride lots in addition to a late-night UDASH shuttle that offers service between the University and Downtown. a three-year pilot program of zero-fare transportation on all Mountain Line buses began, with the goal of increasing ridership by 45 percent.
Bus lines
Direct intercity ground travel needs are provided by bus carrier Jefferson Lines.
Railroads
Intercity rail travel was available from 1883, when the Northern Pacific Railway began service through Missoula, until 1979 when Amtrak discontinued its North Coast Hiawatha route across southern Montana. In 1901, Northern Pacific built their station at the terminus of Higgins Avenue; since 1985, it has been on the National Register of Historic Places. The Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad also built their "Pacific Extension" through Missoula, and that station was also listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
A feasibility study was commissioned by Congress in 2008 to examine the merits of reopening the North Coast Hiawatha, but , the nearest rail station to Missoula is the Whitefish station of Amtrak's Empire Builder, to the north.
Bicycles
In 2009, the Missoula metropolitan statistical area (MSA) ranked as the fifth highest in the United States for percentage of commuters who biked to work (5 percent). In 2013, the Missoula MSA ranked as the tenth lowest in the United States for percentage of workers who commuted by private automobile (77.2 percent). In the same year, 8.5 percent of Missoula area commuters walked to work.
Airport
In 1927, air travel to Missoula began; today the city is served by Missoula International Airport at Johnson-Bell Field, a public airport run by the Missoula County Airport Authority. It is the largest airport in western Montana, serving 848,444 passengers in 2018. The current building contains three jet bridges and three ground‑level boarding gates. There are direct flights year‑round to Billings, Dallas, Denver, Las Vegas, Minneapolis, Phoenix, Portland, Salt Lake City, Seattle, and seasonally to Atlanta, Chicago, Los Angeles, Oakland, and San Francisco.
operate out of Missoula (Allegiant Air, American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Frontier Airlines, Horizon/Alaska Airlines, and United Airlines) in addition to cargo carriers FedEx Express, and UPS Airlines. The airport is also home to Homestead Helicopters and fixed‑base operators Minuteman Jet Center (an Avfuel fuel provider), and Northstar Jet (a Phillips66 fuel provider).
Notable people
Missoula has produced and been home to a number of notable individuals in varying fields. Its natives and residents are referred to as "Missoulians". In politics, Jeannette Rankin, the first woman in Congress, was born and raised in Missoula while Senators Mike Mansfield, the U.S.'s longest serving Senate Majority Leader, and Max Baucus, Montana's longest serving U.S. Senator both established careers and joined politics while living in the city.
Noted athletes who were born or resided in Missoula include five Olympic medalists, Pro Football Hall of Fame Quarterback John Elway, and former Milwaukee Bucks coach Larry Krystkowiak.
Actor Dana Carvey, filmmaker David Lynch, and award‑winning biologist Leroy Hood were born in Missoula, while Carroll O'Connor and J. K. Simmons attended the University of Montana. Composer David Maslanka (1943-2017) lived in Missoula, and musician Jeff Ament, and musician, vlogger, and author Hank Green reside in Missoula. Academically, Missoula has been home to Nobel Prize winners Harold C. Urey and Steve Running as well as 20th century Montana historian K. Ross Toole.
Noted names in literature include Native American poet James Welch, crime novelist James Crumley, former head of the University of Montana's Creative Writing Program Richard Hugo, William Kittredge, a western writer and professor of creative writing at the University of Montana at Missoula, and Norman Maclean, whose A River Runs Through It chronicles his life in early 20th-century Missoula. Joanna Klink, poet and professor at the University of Montana. Michael Punke, the author of the best-selling novel The Revenant, also lives in Missoula.
Sister cities
Neckargemünd, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Palmerston North, New Zealand
Missoula's Sister City relationship with Palmerston North, New Zealand, began after Missoula resident and later University of Montana professor Harold Bockemuehl returned from obtaining his PhD from Massey University. The relationship was made official in 1983 after a meeting between then UM President Neil Bucklew and officials from Massey University. Each May, Missoula celebrates "New Zealand Day" in honor of the relationship with rugby, food, and entertainment. Missoula's second Sister City relationship began in 1991 after a Neckargemünd delegation, led by Mayor Oskar Schuster, visited Missoula following a Fulbright-sponsored faculty exchange between Heidelberg University and the University of Montana. Every September the Missoula Cultural Council holds an annual "Germanfest" to celebrate German culture and this relationship.
Portrayal in media
Author Norman Maclean grew up in Missoula and wrote about it in his 1976 autobiographical novella A River Runs Through It. The work was adapted into a 1992 motion picture of the same name, directed by Robert Redford and starring Brad Pitt and Craig Sheffer.
Missoula: Rape and the Justice System in a College Town is the title of a 2015 book by Jon Krakauer that looked at the Justice Department's investigation into a "pattern of disrespect and indifference toward alleged victims" by Missoula law enforcement in sexual assault cases between 2010 and 2012, some involving football players from the Montana Grizzlies. While being interviewed on NPR about the book, John Krakauer stated, "I don't mean to single out Missoula: Its rape rate is a little less than the national average; I think its problems with dealing with rape are pretty depressingly typical".
There is a lengthy study of Missoula in the title essay of British writer Jonathan Raban's Driving Home: An American Journey: despite writing that on his arrival, "I had the powerful impression that I had driven deep into the Rocky Mountains and somehow arrived in Rotherham or Barnsley," and that "the overall effect was oddly unsettling; the streets too open for comfort, the town too closed in, inducing mild claustrophobia and agoraphobia at the same time", he notes the literary heritage of the city and its reputation as a "kindly town" (evidenced by its being a place where "odds and ends naturally collected and cohered").
Missoula is mentioned as being the closest city to the fictional Hope County in Far Cry 5. The game's first mission involves the player trying to escape the county to reach Missoula.
Cultural heritage resources
Missoula's history and culture is well documented and catalogued. The following list of databases represents a few aspects of this catalogue:
Maureen and Mike Mansfield Library Archives and Special Collections
The Historical Museum at Fort Missoula's Public Research Boxes
Missoula Art Museum's Online Collections Database
References
External links
Missoula Visitors Bureau
Missoula Chamber of Commerce
Missoula Collection Guide (University of Montana Archives)
City of Missoula (Mont.) Records, 1883-2009 (University of Montana Archives)
Cities in Montana
Cities in Missoula County, Montana
County seats in Montana
Metropolitan areas of Montana
Populated places established in 1860
1866 establishments in Montana Territory | [
0.1864195615053177,
0.6297975778579712,
-0.5191752910614014,
0.13307681679725647,
0.3036949932575226,
0.1156252920627594,
0.9174547791481018,
0.761913537979126,
-0.8373842835426331,
-0.15275141596794128,
-0.2017716020345688,
-0.1939062774181366,
-0.7675095796585083,
1.1309407949447632,
-0.5130577683448792,
-0.07695140689611435,
0.3011694848537445,
0.7808202505111694,
0.766163170337677,
-0.18396052718162537,
-0.03513263165950775,
-0.45697906613349915,
0.503471851348877,
0.11040569096803665,
0.11795129626989365,
0.45345887541770935,
0.6943138241767883,
0.23480424284934998,
-0.16722624003887177,
0.10441122949123383,
-0.40850207209587097,
0.7938252091407776,
0.0015376941300928593,
0.023614071309566498,
0.27441099286079407,
-0.04767754301428795,
0.5202385783195496,
-0.01601416803896427,
0.3427385985851288,
-0.15984240174293518,
0.28411605954170227,
-0.14603309333324432,
-0.13329489529132843,
-0.3015184998512268,
0.34355831146240234,
-0.6964763402938843,
-1.5575370788574219,
0.24946115911006927,
-0.9327664375305176,
-0.7694515585899353,
-0.7787894010543823,
0.007601053453981876,
0.41752123832702637,
0.2744787037372589,
0.06350795924663544,
0.3309973478317261,
-0.5260092616081238,
0.3036849796772003,
0.24401210248470306,
0.48414552211761475,
-0.11251382529735565,
0.009997261688113213,
-0.20827700197696686,
0.3317222595214844,
-0.3987632691860199,
0.3625809848308563,
0.044708263128995895,
0.4520673155784607,
0.08215423673391342,
-0.5404630899429321,
-0.21857593953609467,
-0.3407686650753021,
-0.06067027896642685,
0.33984512090682983,
0.18857765197753906,
0.09079471975564957,
-0.1958296298980713,
0.1559021770954132,
0.23611082136631012,
-0.21943792700767517,
0.07610803842544556,
0.1064673662185669,
0.5012671947479248,
-0.14377249777317047,
-0.04194239526987076,
-0.0750712975859642,
-0.21927234530448914,
-0.1661006510257721,
0.5668123960494995,
1.1626160144805908,
-0.492891788482666,
-0.2846950888633728,
0.3245950937271118,
0.09313566982746124,
0.49883851408958435,
-0.7063125371932983,
-0.17562681436538696,
0.4101702868938446,
-0.0778505727648735,
-0.04351213201880455,
-0.3621489703655243,
-0.3312270939350128,
1.0964300632476807,
0.2825477421283722,
-0.38430464267730713,
-0.5439398884773254,
-0.5013408660888672,
0.22880662977695465,
0.13222767412662506,
-0.8781824707984924,
0.062060266733169556,
0.5653253793716431,
-0.2326262891292572,
-0.33801811933517456,
-0.3028082549571991,
0.28145164251327515,
0.42453712224960327,
-0.80580735206604,
-0.34166809916496277,
-0.32146987318992615,
0.07565248012542725,
0.7403733730316162,
-0.17260199785232544,
-0.40023675560951233,
-0.17588689923286438,
0.7687132954597473,
0.8093511462211609,
-0.10078535228967667,
0.2682495415210724,
0.34152358770370483,
-0.4211490750312805,
0.9346607327461243,
-0.17423465847969055,
0.2606765329837799,
0.23174744844436646,
-1.0174797773361206,
0.15940743684768677,
-0.3002263009548187,
0.09833474457263947,
-0.2295650988817215,
-0.2637113034725189,
0.5689664483070374,
-1.3068761825561523,
0.1826857477426529,
0.6795911192893982,
0.1281621754169464,
-0.2632511556148529,
-0.47558626532554626,
0.008149668574333191,
-0.36259910464286804,
-0.07461252063512802,
0.16090577840805054,
0.28821247816085815,
0.8707565069198608,
0.13026513159275055,
0.027107590809464455,
0.7266588807106018,
-0.21187670528888702,
0.36397427320480347,
0.8364519476890564,
-0.04927133023738861,
0.5116194486618042,
0.8463829755783081,
-0.18341630697250366,
0.10565028339624405,
-0.03457336872816086,
0.7521945834159851,
-0.6598576307296753,
-0.10330795496702194,
0.18114034831523895,
0.17763124406337738,
-0.01814754121005535,
0.11305657029151917,
-0.3754526376724243,
0.5765399932861328,
-0.7532111406326294,
0.9529362320899963,
0.47485387325286865,
0.1685875803232193,
-0.0754188522696495,
-0.38991132378578186,
0.6827293634414673,
-0.1865490972995758,
0.169806569814682,
0.059578534215688705,
0.38016119599342346,
0.520082950592041,
0.4566124677658081,
-0.7250838279724121,
-0.37888193130493164,
-0.21312087774276733,
-0.8390367031097412,
0.6759947538375854,
0.20253786444664001,
0.6817421317100525,
0.1881503462791443,
-0.1285203993320465,
0.2917567491531372,
0.11968404054641724,
0.02280041202902794,
-0.4577409625053406,
-0.2039322704076767,
0.6246358156204224,
-0.43080464005470276,
-0.9064106941223145,
1.2077888250350952,
0.4952600300312042,
-0.013720978051424026,
0.40473687648773193,
0.789065957069397,
0.4956175684928894,
-0.482522189617157,
-0.588276743888855,
0.7298589944839478,
-0.560063898563385,
-0.061539385467767715,
-0.16206008195877075,
-0.4095621705055237,
0.3652321696281433,
-0.27862051129341125,
0.409685343503952,
0.12462466210126877,
0.009462918154895306,
-0.42896702885627747,
0.07367229461669922,
0.2045593112707138,
0.6596360802650452,
0.02656460925936699,
-0.2531557083129883,
-0.18371251225471497,
-0.2247626781463623,
0.20339210331439972,
0.30883917212486267,
-0.0433487705886364,
-0.07758747786283493,
-0.09639368951320648,
0.06651517748832703,
-0.6756329536437988,
0.8388500809669495,
-0.43929609656333923,
-0.07843209058046341,
0.21138224005699158,
-0.4080250859260559,
-0.2121090143918991,
0.19798113405704498,
0.14334885776042938,
-0.10192986577749252,
-0.08472007513046265,
-0.20047083497047424,
-0.26361173391342163,
0.22674398124217987,
-0.15335801243782043,
0.2189815193414688,
-0.039197541773319244,
0.26401013135910034,
0.08083519339561462,
-0.33273351192474365,
-0.11342419683933258,
0.4212626814842224,
-0.21623778343200684,
-0.4610494375228882,
0.393775075674057,
-0.28147631883621216,
-0.021850965917110443,
0.037559643387794495,
-0.5304791927337646,
-0.5756306052207947,
-0.43637630343437195,
0.06264320015907288,
0.7775260210037231,
0.2697143256664276,
0.023104144260287285,
0.1686810702085495,
-1.2659080028533936,
0.9934934377670288,
0.4155582785606384,
-0.06597250699996948,
0.8313205242156982,
-0.8078685402870178,
-0.20133720338344574,
0.6686586737632751,
1.040170669555664,
-0.2525911331176758,
-0.2607824504375458,
-0.6547644138336182,
-0.4767582416534424,
1.0432486534118652,
-0.07969788461923599,
-0.5777050852775574,
0.14110343158245087,
-0.26270952820777893,
-0.06380808353424072,
-0.33432266116142273,
-0.07959874719381332,
-0.3759411871433258,
0.2559751272201538,
0.05850844085216522,
0.04944165050983429,
0.64274001121521,
-0.6572606563568115,
-0.04165378957986832,
0.5163601040840149,
-0.12507040798664093,
-0.37642499804496765,
0.19847165048122406,
-0.2198428511619568,
0.06475211679935455,
-0.7347418665885925,
-5.203916549682617,
0.21248959004878998,
-0.3528493642807007,
-0.7028616666793823,
-0.17306599020957947,
-0.8254846334457397,
0.24555154144763947,
-0.1255730241537094,
0.07868500053882599,
0.31483525037765503,
0.17931747436523438,
0.17967329919338226,
-0.43573299050331116,
0.2613166570663452,
0.5395557880401611,
0.18644657731056213,
0.8445128202438354,
-0.1729685664176941,
0.5466709136962891,
0.30271345376968384,
0.04831240698695183,
0.32637009024620056,
-0.011267425492405891,
0.06066717207431793,
0.6067619323730469,
0.9113954305648804,
-0.21994231641292572,
-0.09626109153032303,
-0.27592334151268005,
-0.5023950338363647,
-0.10661596804857254,
0.20161747932434082,
-0.5033431053161621,
-0.6923170685768127,
0.07221178710460663,
-0.17956067621707916,
-0.07501881569623947,
-0.19001546502113342,
0.7537555694580078,
-0.1478612720966339,
0.407039999961853,
-0.0696784034371376,
-0.06500604748725891,
0.13627423346042633,
0.7261738181114197,
0.23796199262142181,
-0.17362292110919952,
-0.1509617418050766,
-0.20092840492725372,
0.4403383433818817,
0.2191048115491867,
0.031903188675642014,
0.6080334782600403,
0.1641395539045334,
0.27575498819351196,
-0.03885786235332489,
0.2465297132730484,
0.19044141471385956,
-0.6036512851715088,
0.2579171061515808,
-0.2298699915409088,
-0.3848397433757782,
-0.39449170231819153,
-0.16850660741329193,
0.023452192544937134,
-0.5208927392959595,
-0.15210267901420593,
-0.148217111825943,
-0.09697853773832321,
0.14716264605522156,
0.013400409370660782,
0.11948879063129425,
-0.9156689643859863,
-0.6594028472900391,
-0.42182040214538574,
-0.718422532081604,
-0.6195902824401855,
0.5348647832870483,
-0.30820271372795105,
-0.08229697495698929,
-0.4854983389377594,
0.08890247344970703,
0.1635446399450302,
0.4349484145641327,
0.4063592255115509,
-0.15307271480560303,
-0.4266818165779114,
0.31426486372947693,
-0.20238158106803894,
-0.4099626839160919,
0.5029241442680359,
0.05271225422620773,
0.6269728541374207,
0.26896968483924866,
-0.16930727660655975,
0.14749981462955475,
0.5084202289581299,
-0.500656008720398,
0.008430811576545238,
-0.3345879316329956,
0.11367485672235489,
-0.3764743506908417,
-0.043958839029073715,
-0.25507956743240356,
-0.47733956575393677,
-0.495185524225235,
-0.20608806610107422,
0.33482423424720764,
0.35550519824028015,
-0.20846205949783325,
-0.5468651056289673,
-0.3217032253742218,
-0.18425796926021576,
-0.20798714458942413,
0.523625373840332,
-0.05129016190767288,
0.2996285855770111,
0.227964386343956,
0.4050302505493164,
0.5115957260131836,
-0.022949323058128357,
0.2845157980918884,
0.18479159474372864,
-0.18071354925632477,
0.12674562633037567,
-0.13832731544971466,
0.07314642518758774,
-0.033591378480196,
-0.19805759191513062,
0.5145578980445862,
-0.07256624102592468,
-0.28267163038253784,
-0.0621267631649971,
-0.4632045328617096,
-0.1061197966337204,
0.06525326520204544,
-0.810113787651062,
-0.19666112959384918,
0.36569955945014954,
-0.05287115275859833,
0.4507575035095215,
0.2110048085451126,
-0.29924476146698,
0.9240143895149231,
0.0630921721458435,
0.26303425431251526,
0.6076645255088806,
-0.519562840461731,
-0.8103514909744263,
0.25552988052368164,
-0.7127883434295654,
-0.5888593792915344,
-0.045889537781476974,
-0.5569082498550415,
0.15233683586120605,
0.2641693353652954,
0.3176415264606476,
0.4037129580974579,
-0.10747002810239792,
0.1293696165084839,
0.38462743163108826,
-0.49576589465141296,
-0.39200472831726074,
0.8287609219551086,
0.17350375652313232,
0.012784835882484913,
0.05134304612874985,
-0.09947487711906433,
-0.8282343745231628,
0.3737356960773468,
0.6874217987060547,
-0.29641085863113403,
-0.24262213706970215,
0.26044172048568726,
0.3848384916782379,
-0.43636804819107056,
0.2551794648170471,
0.6970868706703186,
0.020394252613186836,
-0.22481094300746918,
-0.29298141598701477,
-0.7868312001228333,
-0.40122929215431213,
0.10819211602210999,
-0.5077833533287048,
-0.34628185629844666,
0.1562579870223999,
-0.2623375654220581,
-0.19826625287532806,
-0.03755685314536095,
0.266935259103775,
-0.20447301864624023,
-0.07639873772859573,
0.04578833281993866,
0.033354178071022034,
-0.676016092300415,
0.1805131882429123,
-0.14594297111034393,
0.009169718250632286,
-0.47951000928878784,
0.08721520751714706,
0.6366908550262451,
-0.04829392582178116,
0.3808625340461731,
0.039416439831256866,
-0.5738436579704285,
0.40662235021591187,
0.5278365015983582,
-0.7299537062644958,
0.057686030864715576,
-0.3362811207771301,
-0.34837883710861206,
0.8580223917961121,
0.9650730490684509,
-0.14855854213237762,
0.19608590006828308,
0.5532506704330444,
0.5358306765556335,
-0.3954160511493683,
-0.30785444378852844,
-0.19231705367565155,
-0.0831422433257103,
-0.34292325377464294,
-1.032260537147522,
-0.32394325733184814,
0.7096021175384521,
0.15720078349113464,
-0.5676869750022888,
1.1790127754211426,
-0.8798469305038452,
-0.037360187619924545,
-0.14056934416294098,
0.06524558365345001,
-0.04462876915931702,
0.38921770453453064,
0.4157373905181885,
-0.1743667721748352,
-0.1984146535396576,
0.39785727858543396,
-0.33981627225875854,
0.275689959526062,
0.916658341884613,
0.41772833466529846,
-0.2810686528682709,
-0.827367901802063,
0.3922058343887329,
0.14529886841773987,
0.2142064869403839,
-0.9624639749526978,
0.7779276371002197,
-0.019536375999450684,
-0.17972643673419952,
-0.5805798172950745,
-0.09274914115667343,
0.9235952496528625,
0.05502203851938248,
-0.32779744267463684,
0.7789355516433716,
-0.20597916841506958,
0.3142070472240448,
0.20136044919490814,
-0.31921449303627014,
0.3538450598716736,
0.878312885761261,
0.052514538168907166,
0.4287879168987274,
0.3169603645801544,
-0.4740416705608368,
0.15207523107528687,
-0.8299792408943176,
-0.3090524971485138,
-0.18208593130111694,
-0.14102181792259216,
-0.3403478264808655,
-0.3551996052265167,
0.02043311670422554,
-0.4292900562286377,
-0.5494814515113831,
-0.47685909271240234,
0.23114465177059174,
0.8076779842376709,
0.21431425213813782,
0.3751393258571625,
-0.23470988869667053,
0.7881367206573486,
-0.39528989791870117,
-0.10560590028762817,
0.42446571588516235,
-0.6877121925354004,
0.030457956716418266,
-0.5722538828849792,
-0.528423011302948,
-0.1030534952878952,
-0.037293266505002975,
0.022906843572854996,
0.19039584696292877,
0.3014868199825287,
0.25748637318611145,
-0.4007629156112671,
-0.032034702599048615,
-0.8950748443603516,
1.1067583560943604,
-0.011352594010531902,
-0.6671810746192932,
0.35721564292907715,
-0.21097110211849213,
-0.6108127236366272,
-0.323962926864624,
0.2087244689464569,
0.02183598466217518,
-0.046644385904073715,
0.055999502539634705,
-0.17490343749523163,
0.800600528717041,
-0.6621419787406921,
0.6188669800758362,
0.08026345074176788,
-0.409045934677124,
-0.5451673865318298,
0.6355348229408264,
-0.4151347875595093,
-0.8836253881454468,
0.6758127212524414,
0.49652916193008423,
0.025937752798199654,
0.6065785884857178,
-0.035121846944093704,
-0.08981242775917053,
0.392540842294693,
0.37089160084724426,
-0.20391196012496948,
-0.6680387854576111,
-0.510739803314209,
0.1474810391664505,
-1.0071407556533813,
-0.14363718032836914,
-0.0629134401679039,
-0.47592470049858093,
-0.8229478597640991,
0.1855972558259964,
0.06515385210514069,
0.2965235412120819,
0.00039809048757888377,
0.016690829768776894,
0.5859018564224243,
-0.7035381197929382,
0.24631932377815247,
-0.13065549731254578,
0.5219975113868713,
-0.38751840591430664,
-0.1813942939043045,
-0.12520168721675873,
-0.5093676447868347,
-0.2119930535554886,
-0.304108589887619,
-0.4326968193054199,
0.46086210012435913,
-0.6185480952262878,
-0.42318519949913025,
-0.9353050589561462,
-0.14560069143772125,
-0.891146719455719,
-0.11550979316234589,
0.12367682158946991,
0.5110021829605103,
-0.5191212892532349,
0.32949915528297424,
-0.32684093713760376,
-0.29422491788864136,
0.4545924961566925,
0.4039444923400879,
0.6048026084899902,
0.5379422903060913,
0.42404037714004517,
0.47131112217903137,
0.1785486787557602,
-0.45179763436317444,
0.03332384675741196,
-0.1717262864112854,
-0.2891697585582733,
0.062267329543828964,
0.1716577112674713,
-0.21614520251750946,
-0.5026206970214844,
0.26919636130332947,
-0.2431280016899109,
0.22608615458011627,
0.1671997308731079,
0.08911703526973724,
-0.8929454684257507,
0.13783812522888184,
-0.2042274922132492,
-0.2391577512025833,
0.09487205743789673,
0.06427597999572754,
-0.1208629235625267,
-0.14053401350975037,
0.4285503029823303,
0.5236798524856567,
0.42409229278564453,
0.4481699466705322,
-0.6696187257766724,
0.34891653060913086,
-0.13914141058921814,
0.21694983541965485,
0.6344140768051147,
-0.0031527800019830465,
0.5740777850151062,
-1.02536940574646,
0.21448706090450287,
0.09248211979866028,
0.20645329356193542,
0.015300234779715538,
0.7815698385238647,
-0.042706187814474106,
0.009035102091729641,
0.46427831053733826,
-0.4686354398727417,
-0.11333069205284119,
-0.018308650702238083,
0.30139195919036865,
-1.1191381216049194,
0.6100317239761353,
0.46724194288253784,
-0.10448657721281052,
-0.8881467580795288,
-0.4690839946269989,
-0.13126711547374725,
-0.7529225945472717,
0.34435638785362244,
0.07951681315898895,
-0.11657195538282394,
0.28228694200515747,
-0.03108758106827736,
-0.4408906102180481,
-0.48106157779693604,
-0.2371373027563095,
0.8817432522773743,
0.6471625566482544,
-0.41827595233917236,
-0.5827552676200867,
-0.43617355823516846,
-0.2730090618133545,
0.5022707581520081,
-1.7349491119384766,
0.40614697337150574,
-0.9477046132087708,
-0.954166829586029,
-0.2486320286989212,
0.42030051350593567,
-0.08408117294311523,
0.09320177137851715,
-0.0335942767560482,
0.15384230017662048,
-0.07272714376449585,
0.25922125577926636,
0.25092843174934387,
-0.4456218183040619,
0.7501306533813477,
0.19777138531208038
]
|
123549 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orchard%20Homes%2C%20Montana | Orchard Homes, Montana | Orchard Homes is a census-designated place (CDP) in Missoula County, Montana, United States. It is part of the Missoula Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 5,197 at the 2010 census, a decrease from its population of 5,199 in 2000.
Geography
Orchard Homes is located at (46.860044, -114.058028).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (3.92%) is water.
Demographics
At the 2000 census, there were 5,199 people, 2,034 households and 1,466 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 814.9 per square mile (314.6/km). There were 2,091 housing units at an average density of 327.8/sq mi (126.5/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.35% White, 0.13% African American, 1.35% Native American, 1.29% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 0.52% from other races, and 1.25% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.35% of the population.
There were 2,034 households, of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.9% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.9% were non-families. 21.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 2.96.
24.2% of the population were under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.
The [[median household income was $40,240 and the median family income was $47,612. Males had a median income of $32,226 and females $20,576 for. The per capita income was $17,885. About 4.4% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.3% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Missoula County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.1883581280708313,
0.7204368710517883,
-0.37089774012565613,
-0.07347817718982697,
0.7300332188606262,
0.47444674372673035,
0.7563615441322327,
0.17605486512184143,
0.0716416984796524,
-0.15589962899684906,
-0.28564345836639404,
-0.11268959194421768,
-0.31414109468460083,
0.5673447847366333,
-0.6156538724899292,
0.22093363106250763,
0.20932801067829132,
1.0871011018753052,
0.9686228632926941,
-0.09120549261569977,
0.29540616273880005,
-0.6820726990699768,
0.39518460631370544,
0.75574791431427,
-0.37279197573661804,
0.3087916672229767,
0.9642921090126038,
0.42008736729621887,
0.030917180702090263,
-0.029667770490050316,
-0.39322081208229065,
0.4564932584762573,
-0.03631998971104622,
-0.8596794605255127,
0.5769484639167786,
-0.5094622373580933,
0.3258388042449951,
-0.4983282685279846,
-0.07743851840496063,
-0.4837873876094818,
-0.4457384943962097,
-0.33212602138519287,
0.19346848130226135,
-0.09406452625989914,
0.22801358997821808,
-0.3355652391910553,
-1.5707632303237915,
0.3197825253009796,
-0.761845052242279,
-0.18079176545143127,
-0.4467566907405853,
-0.37480056285858154,
1.0289560556411743,
-0.2927617132663727,
0.5130712389945984,
0.6927450895309448,
-0.5576003193855286,
0.052985165268182755,
1.0366610288619995,
0.10971459001302719,
-0.4636799991130829,
0.0765082985162735,
0.48870688676834106,
-0.18471872806549072,
-0.2637478709220886,
-0.11290624737739563,
-0.10263252258300781,
0.23646777868270874,
0.19886697828769684,
-0.3937537968158722,
-0.46014323830604553,
-0.4711349308490753,
-0.15611262619495392,
0.41467228531837463,
-0.06138121336698532,
0.3014872074127197,
-0.4560438096523285,
0.055784232914447784,
0.27112919092178345,
0.09768497198820114,
0.03467661142349243,
0.185252383351326,
0.05584719777107239,
0.24965094029903412,
-0.061401017010211945,
0.693425714969635,
-0.40021368861198425,
-0.24067066609859467,
-0.13470633327960968,
0.5266463160514832,
-0.6843402981758118,
-0.30746859312057495,
0.180262953042984,
-0.17560628056526184,
-0.19278095662593842,
-0.38826486468315125,
-0.1744244545698166,
0.746711254119873,
-0.353283166885376,
0.8407077789306641,
-0.41740497946739197,
0.38784581422805786,
0.9217053651809692,
0.04312063008546829,
-0.47753432393074036,
-0.6957318782806396,
-0.8035305142402649,
-0.3157317042350769,
0.017282869666814804,
-0.3698139190673828,
-0.4703608751296997,
0.5735765099525452,
-0.03759043663740158,
-0.28394702076911926,
-0.4086410105228424,
0.9184916615486145,
0.2566065192222595,
-0.3987081050872803,
-0.5816521644592285,
-0.23259545862674713,
0.32954564690589905,
0.4693485200405121,
-0.07955089211463928,
0.1651034653186798,
-0.5389218926429749,
0.13643775880336761,
0.3799537420272827,
0.007130730431526899,
0.34883883595466614,
0.34950828552246094,
-0.8032546043395996,
0.6593848466873169,
-0.19828777015209198,
-0.12432828545570374,
0.09562038630247116,
-0.5621132850646973,
-0.28580084443092346,
-0.36035841703414917,
0.5794724822044373,
0.03925688564777374,
-0.7441686391830444,
-0.11353068053722382,
0.1904948651790619,
0.05925007909536362,
0.6688598990440369,
0.028447993099689484,
-0.11024226248264313,
-0.6299079060554504,
-0.05345677584409714,
-0.26168304681777954,
0.05395171418786049,
-0.1317838728427887,
0.8388967514038086,
0.3971278667449951,
-0.1342371702194214,
0.30386263132095337,
0.5262142419815063,
0.3764401376247406,
0.3398119807243347,
0.72861647605896,
-0.05330988019704819,
1.0539683103561401,
0.8084906339645386,
0.039134230464696884,
0.4993763864040375,
-0.06374997645616531,
0.5402057766914368,
-0.27187013626098633,
0.20891276001930237,
0.900545597076416,
-0.03148361295461655,
0.5873886346817017,
0.7740961909294128,
-0.707082986831665,
0.27240464091300964,
-0.627668023109436,
0.6691645979881287,
0.2829587757587433,
0.17485718429088593,
0.057447001338005066,
-0.8503946661949158,
0.5098076462745667,
0.3057408630847931,
0.08445612341165543,
-0.19592037796974182,
-0.08453580737113953,
0.0166326891630888,
0.015397901646792889,
-0.10498660057783127,
-0.33004507422447205,
-1.0051172971725464,
-0.6036068201065063,
1.0303624868392944,
-0.21075676381587982,
0.31003710627555847,
0.32893481850624084,
-0.216005340218544,
0.24228115379810333,
-0.07044535875320435,
0.14601854979991913,
-0.15278013050556183,
-0.051239047199487686,
0.23595553636550903,
-0.9336510300636292,
-0.6876965165138245,
-0.022195184603333473,
0.010811934247612953,
-0.37171611189842224,
0.013207783922553062,
0.3827543556690216,
0.5554968118667603,
-0.34226739406585693,
0.6454988718032837,
0.7178548574447632,
-0.26756224036216736,
-0.11705441027879715,
0.028987767174839973,
0.4684068560600281,
0.5459970235824585,
-0.3579990565776825,
0.2339017689228058,
0.13526564836502075,
0.115812748670578,
-0.010700581595301628,
-0.19323503971099854,
0.538409948348999,
0.9382336139678955,
-0.2002297043800354,
-0.03147412836551666,
0.0011876178905367851,
0.45977044105529785,
-0.04039083421230316,
0.07605262100696564,
-0.3385706841945648,
0.12736786901950836,
0.3916865587234497,
-0.3604944050312042,
-0.5504235029220581,
0.41353172063827515,
-0.5135498642921448,
-0.3522821068763733,
0.01403750665485859,
-0.2576417922973633,
-0.08783647418022156,
0.5849771499633789,
0.3717411458492279,
-0.03592668101191521,
-0.22767077386379242,
-0.17982615530490875,
-0.4112692177295685,
0.33794865012168884,
0.056872252374887466,
0.5101385116577148,
-0.3869289457798004,
0.21932755410671234,
-0.004610697738826275,
-0.36488696932792664,
0.1318202018737793,
0.4868427515029907,
-0.27077049016952515,
-0.11847556382417679,
0.5915548801422119,
-0.21165567636489868,
0.3720761239528656,
0.5110161304473877,
-0.6647998690605164,
-0.45776256918907166,
-0.5785279870033264,
-0.2776268720626831,
0.3829275667667389,
0.2868455648422241,
-0.18662048876285553,
-0.37487947940826416,
0.24750164151191711,
0.4664463996887207,
-0.04038909822702408,
-0.37504613399505615,
0.12767544388771057,
-0.9024637937545776,
-0.19509199261665344,
0.6801795959472656,
0.783182680606842,
-0.34879809617996216,
-0.27947646379470825,
-0.22026437520980835,
-0.5351865291595459,
0.6281706094741821,
0.1309511512517929,
-0.5917162895202637,
-0.1945369988679886,
-0.11235781759023666,
0.023298926651477814,
-0.25144410133361816,
0.7938801646232605,
-0.18724282085895538,
-0.044591959565877914,
0.22680824995040894,
-0.1557895392179489,
0.6584568023681641,
-0.7892082929611206,
0.007296635303646326,
0.2766875922679901,
-1.3617981672286987,
-0.25724560022354126,
-0.32623055577278137,
0.45594656467437744,
0.5795869827270508,
-0.8459469079971313,
-4.6596856117248535,
0.7508836984634399,
-0.34057602286338806,
-0.46634212136268616,
0.26082462072372437,
-0.615976870059967,
0.33142149448394775,
-0.6164399981498718,
-0.38128140568733215,
0.47357845306396484,
-0.3576541841030121,
-0.49336472153663635,
0.5931755900382996,
0.46406805515289307,
0.627499520778656,
0.1329650729894638,
0.7556579113006592,
-0.5412790179252625,
0.6591672897338867,
0.20759817957878113,
-0.11954385787248611,
0.1959015429019928,
-0.2635481059551239,
-0.09930868446826935,
0.37143266201019287,
0.5388936400413513,
0.27756527066230774,
-0.29815801978111267,
-1.0075609683990479,
-0.019271595403552055,
0.13529528677463531,
-0.09661705046892166,
-0.6570447683334351,
-0.20494183897972107,
-0.23977549374103546,
0.023244116455316544,
0.14936143159866333,
-0.5718402862548828,
0.476918488740921,
-0.10551039129495621,
0.7075243592262268,
0.2555007040500641,
-0.17829470336437225,
0.08359020948410034,
0.4229249060153961,
0.02771383710205555,
-0.31413909792900085,
-0.12517079710960388,
0.09783820062875748,
0.9956961870193481,
0.585347056388855,
0.47978004813194275,
1.1308165788650513,
0.30997583270072937,
-0.21117939054965973,
-0.4347594976425171,
0.5466152429580688,
0.09559467434883118,
-0.5025215148925781,
0.47856903076171875,
-0.007000104058533907,
-0.6946935653686523,
0.4517122507095337,
-0.07231386750936508,
-0.08671341836452484,
-0.714877724647522,
0.2941043972969055,
0.6805285215377808,
0.19189058244228363,
0.006863140966743231,
0.05632983520627022,
0.2944769263267517,
-0.5558207631111145,
-0.9849646091461182,
0.08310049027204514,
-0.8270703554153442,
-0.25492361187934875,
0.07483905553817749,
-1.4006023406982422,
-0.3143693804740906,
0.1730310469865799,
-0.3149692416191101,
0.22871056199073792,
0.6887121200561523,
0.5235581994056702,
-0.6348128914833069,
-0.10571062564849854,
0.2588230073451996,
-0.31675153970718384,
-0.656169593334198,
0.4000326693058014,
0.15785129368305206,
0.08814749121665955,
-0.27815693616867065,
0.17319923639297485,
-0.05222884565591812,
0.9253286719322205,
-0.06973213702440262,
0.05408506095409393,
-0.07261767238378525,
0.28055059909820557,
-0.5276592969894409,
0.08682295680046082,
-0.3611070215702057,
-0.4779081344604492,
-0.5160633325576782,
-0.06589283794164658,
0.31482791900634766,
0.8704564571380615,
-0.7856026887893677,
-0.24351556599140167,
-0.07874611020088196,
-0.24582539498806,
-0.3420093059539795,
0.19247962534427643,
-0.11909834295511246,
-0.27660897374153137,
0.613919198513031,
0.3126797676086426,
0.4540870487689972,
0.10803169012069702,
-0.23455435037612915,
-0.1906343549489975,
0.06690870970487595,
0.10240446031093597,
-0.0795045793056488,
0.8886438012123108,
-0.10671336948871613,
-0.4805786609649658,
0.034291498363018036,
-0.05200611427426338,
-0.1776314377784729,
-0.6424643993377686,
-0.24808011949062347,
-0.3937776982784271,
-0.10784220695495605,
-0.8182780146598816,
-0.9257327914237976,
0.046027105301618576,
0.3079405426979065,
-0.014337858185172081,
0.24387511610984802,
-0.48699331283569336,
0.7019963264465332,
-0.05786573886871338,
0.55893474817276,
0.02127152681350708,
-0.3953971564769745,
-1.2518763542175293,
0.18117736279964447,
-0.7361928820610046,
-0.5313001275062561,
0.31531161069869995,
-0.49095720052719116,
0.4531530439853668,
-0.22166483104228973,
-0.47973254323005676,
0.34121572971343994,
0.2507787048816681,
-0.5200604796409607,
0.5849080681800842,
-0.45316964387893677,
-0.6677200198173523,
1.038960337638855,
-0.10889297723770142,
-0.03176546096801758,
-0.445933997631073,
-0.29545825719833374,
-0.9414807558059692,
0.6063583493232727,
0.80228191614151,
-0.40810808539390564,
-0.1616653949022293,
-0.1942637413740158,
0.7069778442382812,
-0.16765649616718292,
0.00986312422901392,
0.2401898354291916,
0.129294291138649,
-0.5659599304199219,
-0.40140700340270996,
-0.12298982590436935,
-0.3187609910964966,
-0.3180520236492157,
0.38925328850746155,
-0.8446733951568604,
-0.3195345997810364,
-0.2769445776939392,
-0.14211389422416687,
0.0017378597985953093,
-0.05944221466779709,
-0.3927304446697235,
0.488371878862381,
-0.13475313782691956,
-0.1694144904613495,
-1.158231258392334,
0.44428128004074097,
-0.06452969461679459,
-0.7582618594169617,
-0.6875282526016235,
0.2684144079685211,
0.13010868430137634,
-0.3797391951084137,
0.36193937063217163,
0.26486483216285706,
-0.7708814144134521,
0.6108962893486023,
0.8182674646377563,
-0.7884693145751953,
0.9802272319793701,
-0.298427015542984,
-1.0926545858383179,
0.5587906837463379,
0.4970752000808716,
0.17449331283569336,
0.5267767310142517,
0.033426254987716675,
0.21969729661941528,
-0.47075411677360535,
-0.10029233247041702,
-0.228989839553833,
-0.24814225733280182,
-0.18641239404678345,
-0.7021578550338745,
-0.9675689339637756,
0.575488805770874,
0.19541893899440765,
-0.27952951192855835,
0.6548898816108704,
-0.6500025391578674,
-0.18950822949409485,
0.04213179647922516,
0.07353944331407547,
-0.17264248430728912,
0.3183720111846924,
0.18277297914028168,
-0.8654447793960571,
0.1072278544306755,
0.5791915655136108,
0.05061445012688637,
0.14236916601657867,
1.5564887523651123,
0.24009862542152405,
-0.7080860733985901,
-0.5736128091812134,
0.08681254088878632,
0.4496879279613495,
-0.07205938547849655,
-1.0950086116790771,
1.112716555595398,
0.19081005454063416,
-0.21357031166553497,
-0.32851260900497437,
0.08879730850458145,
1.447934627532959,
-0.7709972262382507,
-0.5442001819610596,
0.803418755531311,
-0.31612685322761536,
0.2936701774597168,
0.21980121731758118,
-0.13877645134925842,
0.4843745231628418,
0.8492165803909302,
0.7189760804176331,
-0.28182363510131836,
0.3614862859249115,
-0.668316662311554,
0.05037821829319,
-1.4880636930465698,
0.020611822605133057,
-0.37414753437042236,
0.359512060880661,
0.3488130271434784,
-0.5637784600257874,
-0.18510672450065613,
0.35408028960227966,
-1.0975978374481201,
-0.508577287197113,
-0.6396493315696716,
-0.3926239013671875,
-0.3240223228931427,
0.02476380206644535,
-0.291309654712677,
0.28159454464912415,
-0.7814632058143616,
-0.5336576700210571,
-0.12740188837051392,
-1.0148886442184448,
0.382027268409729,
-0.6777864098548889,
0.1223032996058464,
0.15072567760944366,
-0.5557672381401062,
0.1579034924507141,
0.4149780869483948,
0.3671022951602936,
-0.044408977031707764,
-0.1606103479862213,
0.01584922894835472,
-0.6828117370605469,
1.1295886039733887,
0.019537724554538727,
-0.48859304189682007,
0.504241943359375,
-0.12022749334573746,
-0.3079935312271118,
-0.46177247166633606,
0.08425918966531754,
0.2974473237991333,
-0.17272333800792694,
0.030445221811532974,
0.3985634744167328,
0.6577836275100708,
-0.30139315128326416,
0.2752210199832916,
0.16506034135818481,
-0.37850525975227356,
-0.5067816972732544,
0.5991050601005554,
-0.30788594484329224,
0.17551320791244507,
0.5964726209640503,
0.20857971906661987,
-0.08822932839393616,
1.35670804977417,
-0.6498121619224548,
0.1002712994813919,
0.1595800817012787,
0.392071932554245,
-0.12602566182613373,
-1.027721643447876,
-0.5569750070571899,
0.49173739552497864,
-0.8587878346443176,
-0.26411789655685425,
-0.5576493740081787,
-0.5991227626800537,
-0.4828774333000183,
0.18642808496952057,
0.402033269405365,
-0.0005659881280735135,
0.5535162687301636,
-0.18217027187347412,
0.38000109791755676,
-0.38233479857444763,
-0.004481010138988495,
0.17803223431110382,
0.6004645824432373,
-0.2780437171459198,
0.08539027720689774,
-0.38614562153816223,
-0.01569739356637001,
-0.837239682674408,
-0.8192892670631409,
0.26815569400787354,
0.17217092216014862,
-0.6929004788398743,
-0.2631901502609253,
0.44278112053871155,
0.09321419149637222,
-0.5534290075302124,
-0.049742892384529114,
-0.05211639404296875,
-0.04695023596286774,
-0.8816367387771606,
0.5274675488471985,
-0.4305708706378937,
-0.206203892827034,
1.0637860298156738,
0.9919013381004333,
0.6372464299201965,
0.035730477422475815,
0.004958895035088062,
0.21808873116970062,
0.5677634477615356,
0.3884492814540863,
0.37591201066970825,
-0.2782500386238098,
0.06970106065273285,
0.0666467696428299,
0.5082269906997681,
-0.5722343921661377,
-0.2015724629163742,
-0.10178246349096298,
-0.6432890295982361,
-0.4057033360004425,
0.4047926366329193,
0.08561182767152786,
-0.606622576713562,
0.24940302968025208,
-0.08036452531814575,
-0.7098987102508545,
0.20283930003643036,
-0.10996706783771515,
0.6351028084754944,
-0.17416445910930634,
0.6347115635871887,
0.7506377696990967,
0.2009226679801941,
0.3454730212688446,
0.07259363681077957,
0.44007959961891174,
0.055709727108478546,
0.05358157679438591,
0.6183215379714966,
-0.2447051703929901,
0.37226584553718567,
-0.7242369651794434,
0.9852844476699829,
0.23959766328334808,
0.8978499174118042,
-0.14667505025863647,
0.6113603711128235,
-0.5266502499580383,
0.003084778320044279,
0.7834880352020264,
-0.07727598398923874,
-0.3017811179161072,
-0.6901272535324097,
0.47151944041252136,
-1.125518560409546,
0.8290229439735413,
0.4992745816707611,
-0.4099141061306,
-0.4899575710296631,
-0.06631685048341751,
0.02154209464788437,
-0.6212297677993774,
0.5355260968208313,
0.03500371053814888,
-0.7922289371490479,
-0.013607790693640709,
-0.055298153311014175,
-0.5637948513031006,
-0.9664192199707031,
-0.21806050837039948,
1.3610247373580933,
1.1781028509140015,
-0.45608723163604736,
0.2876681387424469,
-0.2780311107635498,
-0.10120757669210434,
0.3043460249900818,
0.7971689105033875,
0.9841853380203247,
-0.5635814666748047,
-0.9293100237846375,
-0.2756962776184082,
0.009236525744199753,
-0.40753990411758423,
-0.6134830117225647,
0.1527528017759323,
-0.4423454999923706,
-0.04311151057481766,
0.02431708574295044,
0.3520989418029785,
-0.40977030992507935,
0.6374948620796204,
-0.12764547765254974
]
|
123550 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seeley%20Lake%2C%20Montana | Seeley Lake, Montana | Seeley Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) in Missoula County, Montana, United States. It is part of the 'Missoula, Montana Metropolitan Statistical Area'. The town sits beside the 1,031.5 acres lake Seeley Lake. The population was 1,659 at the 2010 census, an increase from its population of 1,436 in 2000.
The community of Seeley Lake is named for Jasper B. Seely who built a cabin on what was in 1881 known as Clearwater Lake. Seely served as the first ranger on the Lewis and Clarke Forest Reserve. The first road to Seeley Lake came in 1895.
Geography
Seeley Lake is located at (47.166892, -113.466817).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (1.36%) is water.
Aftermath of Rice Ridge Fire
In late summer 2017, Seeley Lake suffered an extended period of hazardous air quality as a result of the Rice Ridge Fire, prompting local officials to urge all residents to evacuate their homes. Scooper aircraft were used to fetch water from Seeley Lake to fight the fire. A followup study will measure the health impacts of the smoke.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,659 people, 589 households, and 411 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 131.9 people per square mile (50.9/km). There were 938 housing units at an average density of 86.2 per square mile (33.3/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.94% White, 0.07% African American, 1.46% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 0.49% from other races, and 0.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.46% of the population.
There were 589 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.4% were married couples living together, 5.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.1% were non-families. 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.89.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 25.3% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 29.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 112.1 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $35,101, and the median income for a family was $38,188. Males had a median income of $30,000 versus $18,269 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,825. About 7.0% of families and 10.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Seeley-Swan High School provides education for 9th through 12th grade. They are known as the Blackhawks.
The Missoula Public Library has a branch location in Seeley Lake.
See also
Camp Paxson Boy Scout Camp
Larch ball
References
External links
Seeley Lake Chamber of Commerce
Census-designated places in Missoula County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.14151042699813843,
0.8307732939720154,
0.4263538122177124,
-0.25856122374534607,
0.27707967162132263,
-0.06735272705554962,
1.1258217096328735,
0.2888214886188507,
0.18598692119121552,
-0.13993890583515167,
-0.3192821145057678,
-0.26832613348960876,
-0.605144739151001,
0.8405956625938416,
-0.8107428550720215,
0.16122816503047943,
0.16645987331867218,
0.6437286734580994,
0.8822500705718994,
-0.14830267429351807,
0.267755389213562,
-0.8932175040245056,
0.2249036282300949,
0.5052922964096069,
-0.34897366166114807,
0.9195212125778198,
0.8601400852203369,
0.03589654341340065,
0.40958094596862793,
0.2740151286125183,
-0.2536023259162903,
0.4674310088157654,
-0.2012549638748169,
-0.7037059664726257,
0.08908041566610336,
0.31403908133506775,
0.12041211128234863,
-0.08442360907793045,
-0.2949129641056061,
0.08012229949235916,
-0.09048860520124435,
-0.22532181441783905,
-0.24214336276054382,
-0.04018726572394371,
-0.06877995282411575,
-0.00043489711242727935,
-1.4881106615066528,
0.22835126519203186,
-0.8838822841644287,
-0.19741766154766083,
-0.9603191018104553,
-0.41989263892173767,
0.6109119653701782,
0.28443944454193115,
0.22045418620109558,
0.6391991972923279,
-0.4081208407878876,
0.46119484305381775,
0.2029007077217102,
-0.09709273278713226,
-0.13568726181983948,
-0.35123002529144287,
0.3992488980293274,
-0.2537320852279663,
-0.7708764672279358,
0.08249010145664215,
-0.07845358550548553,
0.060574885457754135,
0.03604483976960182,
-0.69684898853302,
0.5362545847892761,
-0.19910463690757751,
-0.2479696422815323,
0.9337433576583862,
0.32936161756515503,
0.7961501479148865,
-0.48341143131256104,
-0.18316075205802917,
-0.1692054122686386,
-0.18543756008148193,
-0.026146136224269867,
0.15500056743621826,
0.21315997838974,
0.37719976902008057,
-0.16138732433319092,
-0.15019020438194275,
-0.9034046530723572,
0.30325907468795776,
-0.005966751836240292,
1.0006155967712402,
-0.4714815616607666,
-0.3505116403102875,
0.11831676959991455,
-0.017525436356663704,
0.2678646445274353,
0.0332517996430397,
-0.16419970989227295,
0.35214048624038696,
-0.21134009957313538,
0.6880233883857727,
0.34839606285095215,
0.2677767872810364,
1.1049365997314453,
-0.37316617369651794,
-0.5746260285377502,
-0.9852197766304016,
-0.8345612287521362,
-0.20872657001018524,
-0.2140612155199051,
0.3076467514038086,
-0.6265507340431213,
0.5802121162414551,
-0.11065176874399185,
-0.5713911056518555,
-0.2485906332731247,
0.9035208821296692,
0.03040582686662674,
-0.6915379166603088,
-0.1624913215637207,
0.07377234846353531,
0.8048381805419922,
0.32441744208335876,
-0.4413733184337616,
-0.34307342767715454,
-0.10136917978525162,
0.3873452842235565,
0.5607907176017761,
0.2393900752067566,
-0.10890614241361618,
0.6071170568466187,
-0.3121623694896698,
0.47661128640174866,
0.5026739835739136,
-0.20989686250686646,
0.10548565536737442,
-0.9757710695266724,
0.1761360466480255,
-0.5825076103210449,
-0.01695014163851738,
0.2798486649990082,
-0.4252361059188843,
-0.12260442972183228,
-0.3290436863899231,
-0.25527527928352356,
1.0396666526794434,
-0.2386581003665924,
-0.12644968926906586,
-0.7090675830841064,
-0.2642418444156647,
-0.14407899975776672,
0.05419814959168434,
0.13866542279720306,
0.47510308027267456,
0.38279300928115845,
0.3052721917629242,
0.8262252807617188,
0.4249715805053711,
0.3902006149291992,
0.8449363112449646,
0.4499799907207489,
0.39491990208625793,
0.8854036927223206,
0.5933734774589539,
-0.08285942673683167,
0.5808595418930054,
-0.175050750374794,
0.3626960217952728,
-0.6941266059875488,
0.12716983258724213,
0.4452269971370697,
0.10949535667896271,
0.3926412761211395,
0.8284137845039368,
-0.4730144143104553,
0.4489699602127075,
-1.0434719324111938,
0.6878316402435303,
0.5077376961708069,
0.2087879776954651,
-0.45220497250556946,
-0.7939019799232483,
0.1012190729379654,
-0.04878934472799301,
-0.09365236759185791,
-0.5904852151870728,
0.3783242702484131,
0.7172714471817017,
0.32369115948677063,
-0.31168511509895325,
-0.6637437343597412,
-0.8721765875816345,
-1.3935437202453613,
0.7768933773040771,
-0.30286556482315063,
0.7193534970283508,
-0.051887720823287964,
-0.16062253713607788,
0.593786895275116,
-0.5904248356819153,
0.31177300214767456,
-0.18660782277584076,
0.009520146995782852,
0.3617341220378876,
-0.48416709899902344,
-0.5044049620628357,
-0.3361338973045349,
0.11819641292095184,
-0.01189382467418909,
0.2595165967941284,
0.5739650130271912,
0.7307272553443909,
-1.0902526378631592,
0.1265886276960373,
1.1162102222442627,
-0.5833345651626587,
-0.022695070132613182,
-0.4180295169353485,
-0.11820568889379501,
0.4982263743877411,
-0.2163517326116562,
0.7980758547782898,
0.6502021551132202,
-0.16514034569263458,
-0.14349883794784546,
-0.5072953701019287,
0.6215412020683289,
0.9676041007041931,
0.47058239579200745,
0.04464344680309296,
-0.14444857835769653,
0.4759187400341034,
0.17844007909297943,
0.6395205855369568,
-0.287485271692276,
-0.0644153505563736,
-0.25914645195007324,
0.0037069760728627443,
-0.5499643087387085,
0.4747316241264343,
-0.6727766990661621,
-0.1741393357515335,
-0.3525743782520294,
-0.12315750122070312,
-0.3688877522945404,
0.49042490124702454,
0.5974031090736389,
0.21967105567455292,
-0.013397748582065105,
0.009690660983324051,
-0.2650856077671051,
0.36180177330970764,
0.41686171293258667,
0.30915147066116333,
-0.48083439469337463,
0.3183542490005493,
0.2199525684118271,
-0.3315471112728119,
0.27901509404182434,
0.6384632587432861,
-0.139914870262146,
-0.35885122418403625,
0.6535178422927856,
-0.2784073054790497,
-0.11429552733898163,
0.35026484727859497,
-0.7219629883766174,
-0.4825041592121124,
-0.13127969205379486,
-0.10199885070323944,
0.5009390115737915,
0.5928882360458374,
-0.37310144305229187,
-0.03543420135974884,
0.43634286522865295,
0.40015196800231934,
0.1737496256828308,
-0.053216349333524704,
-0.4079127311706543,
-0.9645720720291138,
-0.11506682634353638,
0.6373732686042786,
1.0712153911590576,
-0.15890158712863922,
0.02790173701941967,
-0.2744925618171692,
-0.2562359869480133,
0.8132638335227966,
-0.02101326920092106,
-0.8380080461502075,
0.14153434336185455,
0.08742383122444153,
0.1569802314043045,
-0.13054423034191132,
-0.21447819471359253,
-0.6528903841972351,
0.3371690511703491,
0.004324943758547306,
-0.47403159737586975,
0.5092778205871582,
-0.34881162643432617,
-0.48653173446655273,
0.14425799250602722,
-0.879403293132782,
0.1286494880914688,
-0.33951514959335327,
-0.21864689886569977,
0.1425434947013855,
-0.40125572681427,
-4.566040992736816,
0.5178359746932983,
-0.4162711799144745,
-0.5774393081665039,
0.31844857335090637,
-0.4440607726573944,
-0.1893388330936432,
-0.5167697668075562,
-0.07233098894357681,
0.3533646762371063,
-0.016383739188313484,
-0.4693976044654846,
0.10753417760133743,
0.6412990093231201,
0.9263008832931519,
0.459333211183548,
0.8471472263336182,
-0.45437440276145935,
0.5168114304542542,
0.16540679335594177,
-0.6329861879348755,
0.5232385993003845,
0.20674793422222137,
0.12969379127025604,
0.21163764595985413,
1.0107617378234863,
-0.06714612990617752,
-0.43764105439186096,
-0.654593288898468,
-0.3610856235027313,
0.22262907028198242,
-0.14544503390789032,
-0.8987777233123779,
-0.2051321119070053,
-0.31693610548973083,
-0.1601831018924713,
0.657273530960083,
-0.16133621335029602,
0.5960304737091064,
-0.4318300485610962,
0.16675952076911926,
0.21394988894462585,
-0.4841693639755249,
-0.04857739433646202,
0.8939912915229797,
-0.21911750733852386,
-1.0064785480499268,
-0.40924790501594543,
-0.05238564312458038,
0.796883225440979,
0.22563034296035767,
0.015331379137933254,
1.0629740953445435,
0.014904115349054337,
-0.19973164796829224,
-0.46114233136177063,
0.4307066798210144,
0.5181043148040771,
-0.44351062178611755,
0.37171927094459534,
0.34162718057632446,
-0.3525281548500061,
-0.017514100298285484,
-0.17088080942630768,
-0.2736082673072815,
-0.5512465834617615,
0.24065858125686646,
0.2600717544555664,
0.39013275504112244,
0.07957637310028076,
0.25637155771255493,
0.6012066006660461,
-0.8345937728881836,
-0.9559604525566101,
0.3428610563278198,
-0.6496026515960693,
-0.0944422110915184,
0.049344148486852646,
-0.8106060028076172,
0.2745411694049835,
-0.4168907701969147,
-0.12090222537517548,
0.9987084865570068,
0.8624364733695984,
0.7385409474372864,
-0.6392644047737122,
-0.24545161426067352,
0.29442545771598816,
0.022260019555687904,
-0.73780757188797,
0.5681228637695312,
-0.022864555940032005,
0.5525864958763123,
0.1158675104379654,
-0.051100339740514755,
0.04167098179459572,
0.9239997267723083,
0.09120722860097885,
0.24345819652080536,
-0.37943923473358154,
0.40777453780174255,
-0.39846542477607727,
0.3051261901855469,
-0.5667273998260498,
-0.03308707848191261,
-0.782602846622467,
-0.15871891379356384,
0.6709213256835938,
0.4911545217037201,
-0.5457929968833923,
-0.5213299989700317,
-0.2988607883453369,
-0.32709023356437683,
0.08737897872924805,
0.39700230956077576,
0.2996099889278412,
0.0017157236579805613,
0.7275066375732422,
0.027807103469967842,
0.3700157701969147,
-0.19206508994102478,
-0.3832247257232666,
-0.3183288276195526,
-0.01833178848028183,
-0.13585245609283447,
-0.35624247789382935,
0.5402430295944214,
0.3794187307357788,
-0.3965938091278076,
0.33343246579170227,
-0.11962808668613434,
0.11575416475534439,
-0.07230883836746216,
-0.10414420813322067,
-0.23905962705612183,
-0.4580630660057068,
-0.6598541140556335,
-0.4043993651866913,
0.43387818336486816,
0.1286998987197876,
0.876905083656311,
0.3440536558628082,
-0.6818881630897522,
1.0340499877929688,
-0.4272499084472656,
0.44780629873275757,
0.0063398247584700584,
-0.03234507516026497,
-1.080716609954834,
0.4533643126487732,
-1.399740219116211,
-0.45450085401535034,
-0.03404233604669571,
-0.6367043256759644,
0.4274079203605652,
-0.3607201874256134,
-0.14544351398944855,
0.4276635944843292,
-0.11802425980567932,
-0.2902291715145111,
0.004576207138597965,
-0.14208541810512543,
-0.7122787833213806,
0.8414164185523987,
-0.3287962079048157,
0.08110199123620987,
0.21915949881076813,
-0.03773467242717743,
-0.4792776107788086,
0.5580911636352539,
0.5143213272094727,
-0.29013729095458984,
-0.29751089215278625,
-0.04027398303151131,
0.6549643874168396,
-0.16023318469524384,
-0.1269027441740036,
0.28787466883659363,
0.11586138606071472,
-0.1629984825849533,
-0.42487725615501404,
-0.4812976121902466,
-0.5948262810707092,
-0.5710175633430481,
-0.09549383074045181,
-0.6609558463096619,
-0.21137237548828125,
-0.21581602096557617,
-0.16354979574680328,
-0.04469407722353935,
0.18555495142936707,
-0.2042374312877655,
0.09995605051517487,
0.36447376012802124,
0.1557161509990692,
-0.6606907248497009,
0.8110726475715637,
-0.18809247016906738,
-0.09662368148565292,
-0.8600872159004211,
0.569336473941803,
0.12375584989786148,
-0.5456558465957642,
0.3366413712501526,
0.07984893023967743,
-1.4245785474777222,
0.4776155352592468,
1.1632899045944214,
-0.8990772366523743,
0.5267886519432068,
-0.4429781138896942,
-0.6966211795806885,
0.5098304748535156,
0.21043774485588074,
-0.13041284680366516,
0.37756839394569397,
0.2849839925765991,
0.2694135308265686,
-0.32763752341270447,
-0.1532832682132721,
-0.3846234083175659,
0.17489835619926453,
-0.13803234696388245,
-0.9062239527702332,
-0.8668615818023682,
0.05640200898051262,
0.49845853447914124,
-0.1753082126379013,
0.5691417455673218,
-0.7909667491912842,
0.07700711488723755,
-0.02888014167547226,
-0.02464183233678341,
0.12667971849441528,
0.36663511395454407,
0.2018275111913681,
-0.08216074109077454,
0.40722790360450745,
0.6896095871925354,
-0.06557169556617737,
0.18960198760032654,
1.6003466844558716,
0.8123766183853149,
-0.591573178768158,
-0.00346753210760653,
0.29830634593963623,
0.1278444081544876,
-0.42290231585502625,
-1.0730615854263306,
0.9181946516036987,
0.5875605344772339,
-0.09351993352174759,
-0.5152841806411743,
0.016058988869190216,
1.0984618663787842,
-0.322113037109375,
-0.13248929381370544,
0.9080075025558472,
-0.411465585231781,
0.592335045337677,
-0.09422949701547623,
0.20070601999759674,
0.11391471326351166,
0.27214041352272034,
0.8660582900047302,
-0.07786242663860321,
-0.15023355185985565,
-0.8676568269729614,
0.8497841358184814,
-1.1736935377120972,
-0.2619299590587616,
-0.5161569714546204,
-0.3342975676059723,
-0.47085076570510864,
-0.5600804090499878,
-0.008253292180597782,
-0.15190520882606506,
-0.9532784223556519,
-0.20644772052764893,
-0.14735251665115356,
-1.080652117729187,
-0.3013947010040283,
0.15222299098968506,
-0.5430854558944702,
0.36557355523109436,
-0.2324623167514801,
-0.20028790831565857,
0.2507249414920807,
-0.63410884141922,
0.4008081257343292,
-0.8791754841804504,
0.2001182585954666,
0.06612589955329895,
-0.44249144196510315,
-0.038169898092746735,
0.1824856400489807,
0.5863627791404724,
0.2377285212278366,
-0.5754263997077942,
-0.05949151888489723,
-0.20860183238983154,
0.8570422530174255,
-0.47277578711509705,
-0.9335518479347229,
0.3360348343849182,
-0.09453766793012619,
-0.8579455614089966,
-0.6497223377227783,
0.4139710068702698,
0.5137237906455994,
0.3254159688949585,
0.18859350681304932,
0.270189493894577,
0.6211502552032471,
-0.6606339812278748,
0.3466840088367462,
0.09470045566558838,
-0.2608173191547394,
-0.19815801084041595,
0.41324710845947266,
-0.7297999858856201,
0.07455440610647202,
0.21466456353664398,
0.9421084523200989,
-0.7369211912155151,
1.054644227027893,
-0.23151735961437225,
-0.003190781222656369,
0.030289025977253914,
0.14860334992408752,
-0.19390586018562317,
-1.0791234970092773,
-0.3169097304344177,
0.5780091285705566,
-0.6607556939125061,
-0.43203234672546387,
-0.07703620940446854,
-0.4091110825538635,
-0.5304725766181946,
0.05225718021392822,
-0.22630076110363007,
0.48439592123031616,
0.14239946007728577,
-0.2616724371910095,
-0.03068525530397892,
-0.294048011302948,
0.11569660156965256,
0.2812180519104004,
0.5056462287902832,
0.0024716139305382967,
0.07543248683214188,
-0.37228143215179443,
-0.14821617305278778,
-0.8002563714981079,
-0.3961782455444336,
0.17005231976509094,
0.12182127684354782,
-0.778611421585083,
-0.5340283513069153,
0.504974365234375,
-0.12655997276306152,
-0.9209606647491455,
-0.11371663957834244,
0.45521247386932373,
-0.011455700732767582,
-0.8919378519058228,
0.2341824173927307,
-0.9510076642036438,
-0.2328406274318695,
0.4563622772693634,
-0.1550777405500412,
0.009243307635188103,
0.3149150311946869,
-0.018146205693483353,
0.2714279890060425,
0.08425098657608032,
0.10455574840307236,
0.1284949779510498,
-0.45583510398864746,
-0.33414435386657715,
-0.0543997623026371,
0.5887079238891602,
-0.5366288423538208,
-0.3759407699108124,
-0.12316393107175827,
-0.24548505246639252,
0.12945221364498138,
0.423598051071167,
-0.017297375947237015,
-0.4798198342323303,
0.12488295882940292,
0.1609368771314621,
-0.7095977663993835,
-0.1329597532749176,
0.15251882374286652,
0.01628241315484047,
-0.2430267632007599,
0.7581550478935242,
0.8561550974845886,
0.1295597404241562,
0.03549327701330185,
-0.20535792410373688,
0.4265459179878235,
0.18576015532016754,
-0.13014283776283264,
0.42899611592292786,
-0.3071897029876709,
0.23210087418556213,
-0.7950175404548645,
0.7656956911087036,
-0.2794237732887268,
0.7208095192909241,
-0.10133958607912064,
0.7222808003425598,
-0.19479092955589294,
0.3402245342731476,
0.6972917318344116,
-0.5197474956512451,
0.10045567154884338,
-0.07138436287641525,
0.08621172606945038,
-0.9230771660804749,
0.7079609036445618,
0.6934218406677246,
-0.20749597251415253,
-0.055303964763879776,
-0.3120468556880951,
-0.6291337609291077,
-0.938750147819519,
0.44716960191726685,
0.3121342062950134,
-0.4347272515296936,
0.11076972633600235,
-0.06894087046384811,
-0.34250709414482117,
-0.7152995467185974,
-0.5288012027740479,
1.3333369493484497,
0.6873790621757507,
-0.8376615047454834,
-0.12758710980415344,
-0.2825172543525696,
-0.43357428908348083,
-0.0415145568549633,
0.8531497120857239,
0.7874031662940979,
-0.7311702966690063,
-1.1684536933898926,
-0.37770864367485046,
0.7421318292617798,
-0.10994935780763626,
-0.2557736933231354,
-0.18278348445892334,
-0.5548433661460876,
-0.10218518227338791,
0.3335253596305847,
0.9094069600105286,
-0.34992292523384094,
0.7858864665031433,
-0.44954946637153625
]
|
123551 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wye%2C%20Montana | Wye, Montana | Wye is a census-designated place (CDP) in Missoula County, Montana, United States. It is part of the Missoula, Montana Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 511 at the 2010 census, an increase from its population of 381 in 2000. Wye is named for the "y"-shaped DeSmet Junction where US 93 and MT 200 met former US 10 (immediately south of US 10's replacement, I-90).
Geography
Wye is located at (46.950775, -114.130810).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 511 people, 123 households, and 101 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 121.8 people per square mile (47.0/km). There were 126 housing units at an average density of 40.3/sq mi (15.5/km). The racial makeup of the CDP was 92.65% White, 1.84% Native American, and 5.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.57% of the population.
There were 123 households, out of which 50.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.5% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.1% were non-families. 15.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.10 and the average family size was 3.36.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 36.2% under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 37.8% from 25 to 44, 17.3% from 45 to 64, and 4.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.9 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $53,500, and the median income for a family was $53,000. Males had a median income of $32,292 versus $27,857 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $21,553. About 7.5% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.5% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Missoula County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.6704213619232178,
0.7575076818466187,
0.01111060380935669,
-0.38813814520835876,
0.07032173871994019,
-0.021159080788493156,
0.8716863989830017,
0.6004186272621155,
0.13624313473701477,
-0.24096505343914032,
0.16337311267852783,
0.058716531842947006,
-0.3174637258052826,
0.9483575820922852,
-0.4616299569606781,
-0.007968938909471035,
0.6236878037452698,
1.5523786544799805,
0.8325508832931519,
-0.6561729311943054,
0.03949179872870445,
-0.2827194631099701,
0.3593939244747162,
0.42835119366645813,
-0.3340761363506317,
0.6588332653045654,
0.7495390772819519,
-0.14836326241493225,
0.18424807488918304,
0.42959311604499817,
-0.24398384988307953,
0.8143040537834167,
-0.1308702975511551,
-0.29474830627441406,
0.4221988320350647,
0.3744460344314575,
0.3951335847377777,
0.33747532963752747,
-0.14026764035224915,
-0.06947363913059235,
-0.3645384609699249,
-0.09306033700704575,
0.030773507431149483,
-0.03258209675550461,
0.19170847535133362,
-0.476373553276062,
-1.3796327114105225,
0.31045764684677124,
-0.9165194034576416,
-0.7297435998916626,
-0.7840200662612915,
-0.2112741470336914,
0.6162310838699341,
0.035327762365341187,
0.3328261077404022,
0.3034745454788208,
-0.16120097041130066,
0.22145357728004456,
1.0270050764083862,
0.5017796754837036,
-0.2179449498653412,
0.10718519985675812,
0.3426898419857025,
0.002754625165835023,
-0.28220173716545105,
0.017385754734277725,
-0.0530279166996479,
1.0650912523269653,
-0.22823990881443024,
-0.6121715903282166,
-0.1180768832564354,
-0.07747700065374374,
-0.05355486646294594,
0.32374611496925354,
0.16621290147304535,
0.6762691140174866,
-0.40667518973350525,
0.07173427194356918,
0.02372085489332676,
0.004478425718843937,
0.054140858352184296,
0.4995269179344177,
0.4335941970348358,
0.15357857942581177,
-0.03699236735701561,
-0.09152381122112274,
-0.69756680727005,
0.10937220603227615,
0.13636364042758942,
1.0776389837265015,
-0.7610434889793396,
-0.3638708293437958,
-0.11118654906749725,
-0.9475290775299072,
-0.0787336677312851,
0.4070657789707184,
-0.15417657792568207,
0.6194959878921509,
0.15099677443504333,
0.5487463474273682,
-0.08781836181879044,
-0.21218471229076385,
1.0810070037841797,
-0.08418446779251099,
-0.6547239422798157,
-0.851498544216156,
-0.6605185866355896,
-0.4637792408466339,
0.21814779937267303,
-0.4890199303627014,
-0.3049949109554291,
0.4022306799888611,
-0.4860750734806061,
-0.033644262701272964,
-0.15795832872390747,
0.9627971053123474,
0.5398473739624023,
-0.5124929547309875,
-0.4409366548061371,
-0.42636996507644653,
0.3450973927974701,
0.3949252963066101,
-0.3123281002044678,
-0.2206583470106125,
-0.21721167862415314,
0.619793176651001,
0.8960972428321838,
0.0663740411400795,
-0.0790022760629654,
0.22419852018356323,
-0.43043944239616394,
1.135895848274231,
-0.12075065821409225,
-0.2831793427467346,
-0.1392299085855484,
-0.8282436728477478,
-0.07615687698125839,
-0.16557319462299347,
0.1820463240146637,
-0.16709072887897491,
-0.630269467830658,
0.11334498226642609,
-1.03197181224823,
0.021133871749043465,
0.44375079870224,
0.5401718020439148,
0.17842304706573486,
-0.8333034515380859,
-0.19324180483818054,
-0.1639869064092636,
0.42603322863578796,
0.20282506942749023,
0.6355161666870117,
0.6819531917572021,
-0.07491512596607208,
0.2293766736984253,
0.5018108487129211,
0.26850852370262146,
0.47960910201072693,
0.6564505100250244,
0.021699396893382072,
0.8722718954086304,
1.050937533378601,
0.06771313399076462,
0.25191012024879456,
0.054083097726106644,
0.5341615080833435,
-0.4909873306751251,
-0.040141113102436066,
0.6936192512512207,
0.09179006516933441,
0.4973412752151489,
0.6493923664093018,
-0.20523451268672943,
0.5818179249763489,
-0.8769242167472839,
0.7686006426811218,
0.17243334650993347,
0.05672839283943176,
0.12706871330738068,
-0.787277102470398,
0.4196878969669342,
0.6830733418464661,
-0.07275708764791489,
-0.20863957703113556,
0.362675279378891,
0.5052081942558289,
0.14957420527935028,
-0.36019575595855713,
-0.5926339626312256,
-0.569549560546875,
-1.0502794981002808,
0.9374443292617798,
-0.2903035283088684,
0.8579537272453308,
0.3023551404476166,
-0.010846825316548347,
0.15434284508228302,
-0.41675323247909546,
0.1388823390007019,
-0.24486827850341797,
-0.3309846818447113,
0.6002646088600159,
-0.4669647514820099,
-0.5903659462928772,
0.46548792719841003,
0.3852953016757965,
-0.03886500373482704,
0.2422965168952942,
0.5054144263267517,
0.44763997197151184,
-0.24506251513957977,
0.07735683023929596,
0.5830222368240356,
-0.43603891134262085,
-0.09396370500326157,
0.21504615247249603,
-0.3517363369464874,
0.18379491567611694,
-0.35526686906814575,
0.4089805781841278,
0.2684975564479828,
0.09865457564592361,
-0.1370430290699005,
-0.21029482781887054,
0.4518698453903198,
0.5550487041473389,
-0.020012391731142998,
-0.6529310941696167,
-0.107203908264637,
0.0623030886054039,
0.09216617792844772,
0.2716319262981415,
0.05585769936442375,
0.2750253677368164,
-0.07515288144350052,
-0.36064374446868896,
-0.34657996892929077,
0.3415679633617401,
-0.8944941759109497,
-0.07776074856519699,
0.001728094182908535,
-0.41076406836509705,
-0.2413899153470993,
0.46612608432769775,
0.5501922965049744,
0.699455201625824,
-0.08666916191577911,
-0.13696549832820892,
-0.375484824180603,
0.4133165180683136,
0.06876883655786514,
0.47968289256095886,
-0.4982195496559143,
0.20670410990715027,
-0.44541212916374207,
0.03661755099892616,
-0.20279936492443085,
0.6682308912277222,
-0.22495925426483154,
0.3313444256782532,
0.19018161296844482,
-0.17857563495635986,
0.006784120108932257,
0.2283879965543747,
-1.0481233596801758,
-0.637763261795044,
-0.5625715851783752,
0.07079729437828064,
0.6797861456871033,
0.6361843347549438,
-0.27443939447402954,
-0.33509236574172974,
-0.0953693762421608,
0.2954917550086975,
0.3370189666748047,
-0.18116040527820587,
-0.1871955841779709,
-0.9375872015953064,
0.021865110844373703,
0.6540875434875488,
0.8788769841194153,
-0.3059994876384735,
-0.2846302390098572,
-0.4013703465461731,
-0.30741047859191895,
1.0245811939239502,
0.04264755919575691,
-0.8296734094619751,
-0.4549049139022827,
-0.24247336387634277,
-0.11253771930932999,
-0.052637580782175064,
0.3176742196083069,
-0.6160989999771118,
0.19522862136363983,
-0.08774673193693161,
0.34453460574150085,
0.5860996246337891,
-0.33705008029937744,
0.17999397218227386,
0.49549809098243713,
-0.6441333293914795,
-0.0384017638862133,
-0.303813636302948,
-0.2230713665485382,
0.055855851620435715,
-0.37562546133995056,
-4.718216896057129,
0.9264596104621887,
-0.29496175050735474,
-0.33455541729927063,
-0.29471999406814575,
-0.5657037496566772,
0.1010519340634346,
-0.31463247537612915,
-0.1564049869775772,
0.24464525282382965,
-0.33084478974342346,
-0.421316534280777,
-0.01751871407032013,
0.36317121982574463,
0.8443841934204102,
-0.20655600726604462,
0.9657509922981262,
-0.20149600505828857,
0.5745088458061218,
-0.01016444806009531,
-0.30462831258773804,
0.6590798497200012,
0.1014678031206131,
-0.09646455198526382,
0.7778778076171875,
0.4157360792160034,
-0.15000808238983154,
-0.3563775420188904,
-0.6877086758613586,
-0.3070527911186218,
0.2491820603609085,
0.2781749963760376,
-0.2714386284351349,
-0.18643146753311157,
-0.3411848843097687,
-0.12473788112401962,
0.4819369614124298,
-0.25099876523017883,
0.6024342179298401,
-0.3487723171710968,
0.12226912379264832,
0.488381564617157,
-0.6879770159721375,
0.13571038842201233,
0.723166823387146,
0.16543079912662506,
-0.9349073171615601,
-0.4816313683986664,
-0.12154100090265274,
1.1146892309188843,
0.031205138191580772,
0.40461212396621704,
0.5992489457130432,
-0.02772507630288601,
0.2508983314037323,
-0.14037849009037018,
0.2069375365972519,
0.36582741141319275,
-0.8209215998649597,
0.34882214665412903,
0.32340481877326965,
-0.722099781036377,
0.3950082063674927,
-0.16873198747634888,
0.11162611097097397,
-1.0580151081085205,
-0.08671007305383682,
0.08067579567432404,
-0.05013011395931244,
-0.10520509630441666,
0.583149790763855,
0.6574466228485107,
-0.35283616185188293,
-0.6112483739852905,
0.5713914632797241,
-0.9868262410163879,
-0.5126815438270569,
0.21078826487064362,
-0.6942114233970642,
0.0003940655733458698,
0.004639471415430307,
0.3913152515888214,
0.07397449761629105,
0.8884595632553101,
0.1351967453956604,
-0.5211183428764343,
0.35065892338752747,
-0.10309894382953644,
-0.4408709406852722,
-0.7343708872795105,
0.6580438613891602,
0.1161043792963028,
0.2797071039676666,
0.13827510178089142,
-0.29525095224380493,
-0.01934106834232807,
0.699216365814209,
0.29891547560691833,
0.09380868077278137,
-0.5725747346878052,
0.45418065786361694,
-0.14406509697437286,
-0.3939821422100067,
-0.3110598027706146,
-0.04683564975857735,
-0.5065757036209106,
0.09567122161388397,
-0.15378691256046295,
0.8561915159225464,
-0.3375890552997589,
-0.31702470779418945,
-0.2645513713359833,
-0.4432584345340729,
-0.17995895445346832,
0.24736806750297546,
-0.17557375133037567,
-0.2807682454586029,
0.5750217437744141,
0.603825569152832,
0.47986769676208496,
0.41948291659355164,
-0.11995472759008408,
-0.228563129901886,
-0.5803162455558777,
-0.38222435116767883,
-0.21074546873569489,
0.7783387899398804,
-0.39741674065589905,
-0.6444149613380432,
0.48457562923431396,
-0.12994502484798431,
-0.12667721509933472,
-0.8110595345497131,
-0.48961153626441956,
-0.29354482889175415,
0.1359650194644928,
-0.6767986416816711,
-0.492756187915802,
0.4460028111934662,
0.5591344833374023,
0.2225354015827179,
0.353835791349411,
-0.6792786121368408,
0.6530540585517883,
-0.2835134267807007,
0.6412225961685181,
-0.09821966290473938,
-0.017339756712317467,
-1.2312251329421997,
0.2324935346841812,
-0.980199933052063,
-0.4264410734176636,
-0.20268361270427704,
-0.9693142175674438,
0.27704623341560364,
-0.057897333055734634,
0.0883859172463417,
0.140903040766716,
-0.0019910288974642754,
-0.59942626953125,
0.2408134639263153,
-0.18438445031642914,
-0.5772874355316162,
1.2210577726364136,
-0.09152981638908386,
-0.5059481263160706,
-0.42628082633018494,
0.13545556366443634,
-0.7880175709724426,
0.2002512514591217,
0.5475341081619263,
-0.3924407362937927,
-0.5755910873413086,
0.09987344592809677,
0.3412843942642212,
-0.07504624873399734,
-0.14106547832489014,
0.39352062344551086,
0.47339802980422974,
-0.4727325141429901,
-0.366394966840744,
-0.32437118887901306,
-0.2903885841369629,
-0.052278075367212296,
0.16646544635295868,
-0.7875065803527832,
-0.2778857946395874,
0.08610234409570694,
-0.30374011397361755,
0.22779960930347443,
-0.16181062161922455,
-0.31382131576538086,
0.2908802628517151,
0.18992696702480316,
-0.11223945766687393,
-0.9465360045433044,
0.20727035403251648,
0.025828642770648003,
-0.3114575147628784,
-1.0051554441452026,
0.3427501618862152,
0.5646237730979919,
-0.35161057114601135,
0.4242273271083832,
0.02124823071062565,
-0.6109106540679932,
0.4546312093734741,
1.111997365951538,
-0.6238538026809692,
0.6661990284919739,
-0.16597667336463928,
-0.849414050579071,
0.15115119516849518,
0.826430082321167,
-0.04924798756837845,
0.07687496393918991,
0.6174254417419434,
0.41128209233283997,
-0.12527881562709808,
-0.3314720690250397,
-0.10200835019350052,
-0.3047340512275696,
-0.3602103888988495,
-1.1179375648498535,
-0.6034577488899231,
0.5099858641624451,
-0.12027616053819656,
-0.32043853402137756,
0.7776572108268738,
-1.0039910078048706,
-0.44869884848594666,
0.04928581789135933,
0.3153616487979889,
0.2599392235279083,
0.3595689535140991,
0.10509099811315536,
-0.634796679019928,
-0.17885427176952362,
0.8128114342689514,
-0.07903586328029633,
0.032074663788080215,
1.2239882946014404,
0.527120053768158,
-0.950164258480072,
-0.46804460883140564,
0.2993449568748474,
0.6491839289665222,
-0.19899027049541473,
-1.3669049739837646,
0.7465134859085083,
0.8346265554428101,
-0.5936480164527893,
-0.5938863754272461,
-0.215309739112854,
1.1243412494659424,
-0.2803174555301666,
-0.10902753472328186,
0.6299037933349609,
-0.2822633981704712,
0.2701318562030792,
0.2501324713230133,
-0.03404148668050766,
-0.2944102883338928,
0.7366767525672913,
0.5153347849845886,
0.08386721462011337,
0.01663925126194954,
-0.09762002527713776,
-0.04999410733580589,
-0.520155668258667,
0.11260352283716202,
-0.3358001708984375,
0.13259927928447723,
0.14142395555973053,
-0.4202415943145752,
-0.025050630792975426,
0.12886905670166016,
-0.7474599480628967,
-0.5384800434112549,
-0.5047710537910461,
-0.4556713402271271,
-0.23760178685188293,
0.16795191168785095,
-0.3308717906475067,
0.07428497821092606,
-0.4861930310726166,
-0.7668211460113525,
0.06406707316637039,
-0.7619514465332031,
0.06072548031806946,
-0.43597838282585144,
-0.12990802526474,
-0.24228808283805847,
-0.7738111615180969,
0.07947373390197754,
0.30286112427711487,
0.22700084745883942,
-0.10321506857872009,
-0.3713085651397705,
-0.01975761540234089,
-0.772720217704773,
0.6611219048500061,
-0.13554225862026215,
-0.6880915760993958,
0.6597036719322205,
-0.08111399412155151,
-0.8562365174293518,
-0.38703104853630066,
0.1653343290090561,
0.05074267089366913,
0.07098262757062912,
0.025434117764234543,
0.2966330647468567,
0.6729289293289185,
-0.4542105197906494,
0.41262444853782654,
0.22586777806282043,
-0.4917225241661072,
-0.5934993028640747,
0.3950951397418976,
-0.3615312874317169,
-0.5261234641075134,
0.8733744621276855,
0.6975082159042358,
-0.2755476236343384,
1.0080695152282715,
-0.3125404119491577,
0.3323056101799011,
0.19675864279270172,
0.1825304925441742,
-0.08917775005102158,
-1.041020154953003,
-0.9213367104530334,
0.49837255477905273,
-0.3536991477012634,
-0.5890204906463623,
-0.4438030421733856,
-0.21154391765594482,
-0.5400850176811218,
0.7319718599319458,
-0.027963882312178612,
0.22351133823394775,
0.4669526517391205,
-0.21261563897132874,
0.28405702114105225,
-0.52613365650177,
-0.00514230877161026,
0.16889052093029022,
0.4768390655517578,
-0.32269009947776794,
-0.1088114008307457,
-0.25703662633895874,
-0.1585865020751953,
-0.45880261063575745,
-0.3101726770401001,
-0.009633174166083336,
0.4395013451576233,
-0.6146231293678284,
-0.28802645206451416,
0.29055899381637573,
-0.10745099931955338,
-0.9713455438613892,
0.5215854644775391,
-0.07053819298744202,
-0.0548286996781826,
-0.44436919689178467,
0.030766267329454422,
-0.7998044490814209,
-0.35390958189964294,
0.6133672595024109,
0.9946684241294861,
0.40554699301719666,
0.24095457792282104,
0.5501763820648193,
-0.06982186436653137,
0.6966434717178345,
-0.3037794530391693,
0.35714781284332275,
-0.37938371300697327,
-0.22273966670036316,
-0.536247968673706,
0.5991633534431458,
-0.3551139533519745,
-0.4250490367412567,
-0.24531584978103638,
-0.6050284504890442,
-0.32984569668769836,
-0.13271132111549377,
0.46679216623306274,
-0.8286195397377014,
0.42418545484542847,
-0.3815237581729889,
-0.7015471458435059,
-0.3422335088253021,
-0.04417366534471512,
0.021132787689566612,
0.2047189325094223,
0.8373813033103943,
0.8887971639633179,
0.28633832931518555,
0.10160311311483383,
-0.02111174166202545,
0.33872631192207336,
0.10153423994779587,
0.002657305682078004,
0.6316779255867004,
-0.12335186451673508,
0.5860685110092163,
-0.7708979249000549,
1.0222740173339844,
-0.056312765926122665,
0.4150379002094269,
0.11356940120458603,
1.0577068328857422,
-0.06617037206888199,
-0.28676414489746094,
0.4227272570133209,
-0.23860304057598114,
-0.15815867483615875,
-0.32334044575691223,
0.029608163982629776,
-1.114966630935669,
0.29074135422706604,
0.30800533294677734,
-0.20098423957824707,
-0.41580677032470703,
-0.5921083092689514,
-0.24786247313022614,
-0.7797894477844238,
0.3531656265258789,
-0.205211341381073,
-0.905128002166748,
0.20228859782218933,
-0.42080849409103394,
-0.5139644742012024,
-0.6374598145484924,
-0.32225340604782104,
1.7469446659088135,
0.6786999702453613,
-0.5756917595863342,
-0.018654968589544296,
-0.8546099066734314,
-0.21831892430782318,
0.5650685429573059,
0.07477506250143051,
0.402377724647522,
-0.8298115730285645,
-0.8793348073959351,
-0.6087133288383484,
0.1897888481616974,
0.08473449945449829,
-0.30710369348526,
0.21684768795967102,
-0.2628491520881653,
0.14190155267715454,
0.19364087283611298,
0.6800734996795654,
-0.19920101761817932,
0.9877951145172119,
0.22811490297317505
]
|
123552 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp%20Three%2C%20Montana | Camp Three, Montana | Camp Three is a census-designated place (CDP) in Musselshell County, Montana, United States. The population was 138 at the 2000 census.
Geography
Camp Three is located at (46.441910, -108.566183).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all of it land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 138 people, 77 households, and 35 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 31.2 people per square mile (12.1/km2). There were 104 housing units at an average density of 23.5/sq mi (9.1/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.65% White, 1.45% Native American, 1.45% Asian, and 1.45% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.72% of the population.
There were 77 households, out of which 11.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.0% were married couples living together, 3.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.5% were non-families. 45.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.79 and the average family size was 2.49.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 11.6% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 23.2% from 25 to 44, 34.8% from 45 to 64, and 23.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 51 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $17,212, and the median income for a family was $30,714. Males had a median income of $18,636 versus $13,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $11,767. There were 11.9% of families and 20.3% of the population living below the poverty line, including 53.8% of under eighteens and 4.7% of those over 64.
References
Census-designated places in Musselshell County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.2542797923088074,
0.6305649876594543,
-0.058417364954948425,
-0.18133726716041565,
-0.03311745449900627,
0.09546425193548203,
1.143967866897583,
0.3682469129562378,
0.19089673459529877,
-0.15493477880954742,
-0.284673273563385,
-0.0063764313235878944,
-0.5290756821632385,
0.5399123430252075,
-0.33742696046829224,
0.24789294600486755,
0.30025750398635864,
0.7442160248756409,
0.6228054165840149,
-0.25755438208580017,
0.036223433911800385,
-0.5855323076248169,
0.07327380031347275,
0.164481982588768,
-0.2100575864315033,
0.6906367540359497,
0.6212317943572998,
0.22515271604061127,
0.5451503992080688,
0.20013408362865448,
-0.05333844944834709,
0.7427529096603394,
-0.5733885765075684,
-0.3531557321548462,
0.16556549072265625,
0.0407828688621521,
0.6049860715866089,
-0.11225248873233795,
0.14660724997520447,
-0.2918487787246704,
0.06355434656143188,
-0.4698777496814728,
-0.023391680791974068,
-0.10822281241416931,
0.16616854071617126,
0.19819942116737366,
-1.4794751405715942,
0.34895744919776917,
-0.9883454442024231,
-0.2793935537338257,
-1.2602304220199585,
-0.24634137749671936,
0.3138349652290344,
0.17612013220787048,
0.4107048213481903,
0.46677497029304504,
-0.629328727722168,
0.20224905014038086,
0.4656440019607544,
-0.17461933195590973,
-0.6675748229026794,
0.0920497328042984,
0.6069504022598267,
0.06100692227482796,
-0.4696956276893616,
-0.3666878342628479,
-0.06950030475854874,
0.6534795165061951,
0.6086404919624329,
-0.7821161150932312,
-0.1755412369966507,
-0.17848651111125946,
-0.3989417850971222,
0.8724300265312195,
0.4714667797088623,
0.5497302412986755,
-0.5785627961158752,
-0.1832052320241928,
-0.06314603239297867,
0.4444194734096527,
0.023346958681941032,
0.4149869680404663,
0.4185817241668701,
-0.06880265474319458,
0.2560077905654907,
-0.017533227801322937,
-0.7202265858650208,
-0.25135380029678345,
-0.050216834992170334,
1.0436614751815796,
-0.9002599716186523,
-0.4102587401866913,
0.267819344997406,
-0.3107391595840454,
-0.10962294042110443,
0.029831156134605408,
-0.03803998604416847,
0.6011208295822144,
-0.027979327365756035,
0.578941822052002,
-0.0009090679814107716,
0.040859099477529526,
0.9857056736946106,
-0.047855786979198456,
-0.8246951699256897,
-0.5523220896720886,
-0.4931711256504059,
-0.4397367238998413,
-0.19236880540847778,
-0.44046804308891296,
-0.3305981755256653,
0.28041964769363403,
-0.07408740371465683,
-0.410724401473999,
-0.5186846256256104,
0.6819210648536682,
-0.12540234625339508,
-0.23353062570095062,
-0.38078802824020386,
-0.2682324945926666,
0.35483208298683167,
0.42196738719940186,
-0.4188889265060425,
0.11510232836008072,
-0.21661928296089172,
0.34345316886901855,
0.81119704246521,
-0.16257816553115845,
-0.10283941775560379,
0.09338760375976562,
-0.9960909485816956,
0.7767611742019653,
0.22698138654232025,
0.14874331653118134,
-0.20788715779781342,
-0.6754869222640991,
-0.3458517789840698,
-0.23692676424980164,
0.09828843176364899,
0.13500140607357025,
-0.5246374607086182,
0.21386542916297913,
-0.09651684761047363,
0.15397731959819794,
0.9287971258163452,
0.1908462643623352,
-0.12455707043409348,
-0.8596004843711853,
0.04149879887700081,
-0.006036471109837294,
-0.28424763679504395,
0.08924972265958786,
0.6205376386642456,
0.41792306303977966,
-0.11028644442558289,
0.7073830962181091,
0.6152530312538147,
0.21282604336738586,
0.7977920174598694,
0.31086310744285583,
0.06904453784227371,
1.0627167224884033,
0.7952592968940735,
0.6811315417289734,
0.5672027468681335,
0.16848710179328918,
0.427623450756073,
-0.6519829630851746,
0.3241943120956421,
0.7079021334648132,
-0.03372471407055855,
0.4559493958950043,
0.6038827300071716,
0.036034803837537766,
-0.1517353057861328,
-1.0775072574615479,
0.9371131658554077,
0.5883683562278748,
-0.15635943412780762,
0.023941174149513245,
-0.6239952445030212,
-0.22404788434505463,
0.379599928855896,
0.26292139291763306,
-0.13739216327667236,
-0.35895660519599915,
0.4511488080024719,
-0.1170925572514534,
-0.8247668743133545,
-0.18104813992977142,
-0.7987398505210876,
-0.4749091863632202,
0.8170221447944641,
-0.19417278468608856,
0.9077787399291992,
-0.28443506360054016,
-0.2555793225765228,
0.6682587265968323,
-0.022938521578907967,
0.243330180644989,
0.02099302038550377,
-0.40108054876327515,
0.6273153424263,
-0.34067702293395996,
-0.34847429394721985,
0.671568751335144,
0.12316061556339264,
0.1648063361644745,
0.15891951322555542,
0.5525762438774109,
0.44334855675697327,
-0.020742710679769516,
0.013457830995321274,
0.9258395433425903,
-0.42333167791366577,
-0.25449007749557495,
-0.29743486642837524,
0.3277471661567688,
0.6740775108337402,
-0.3428865373134613,
0.6567150950431824,
0.05274544283747673,
-0.20867888629436493,
-0.26876965165138245,
-0.35590049624443054,
0.18912260234355927,
0.5385428667068481,
0.15941067039966583,
-0.20864237844944,
-0.1468636393547058,
0.5761287808418274,
0.10599105805158615,
0.30615243315696716,
0.15956075489521027,
0.101236492395401,
0.22629094123840332,
-0.27320972084999084,
-0.450257807970047,
0.10191352665424347,
-1.076791524887085,
-0.0794726014137268,
0.019952811300754547,
-0.06243668124079704,
-0.2033374011516571,
0.41032499074935913,
0.633513331413269,
0.5283971428871155,
0.13297829031944275,
-0.18863220512866974,
-0.2815626859664917,
0.30459514260292053,
-0.18764100968837738,
0.4421241283416748,
-0.3103160262107849,
0.4383549988269806,
0.08079603314399719,
-0.22344616055488586,
-0.31567084789276123,
0.6645141839981079,
-0.21396571397781372,
0.5481970906257629,
0.3374001085758209,
-0.32681921124458313,
0.17446915805339813,
0.4015159606933594,
-0.8265118598937988,
-0.3825664818286896,
-0.5046544671058655,
-0.19505488872528076,
0.4900807738304138,
0.7023158073425293,
-0.4457392692565918,
-0.057256072759628296,
0.2038031816482544,
0.24026401340961456,
-0.1721998155117035,
-0.26363763213157654,
-0.5817529559135437,
-1.1077641248703003,
-0.12508027255535126,
0.5642837285995483,
0.412198007106781,
-0.18288974463939667,
-0.13253991305828094,
-0.21951556205749512,
-0.394240140914917,
0.4728541672229767,
-0.026603184640407562,
-0.7503222823143005,
-0.2671343684196472,
-0.0926416888833046,
0.054676711559295654,
-0.2118910700082779,
0.16734302043914795,
-0.534726083278656,
0.36723342537879944,
-0.14373257756233215,
-0.02650713548064232,
0.7767212390899658,
-0.035098928958177567,
-0.1707967221736908,
0.34448590874671936,
-0.9219350814819336,
0.12225277721881866,
-0.2404339760541916,
-0.5020877718925476,
0.14473532140254974,
-0.4638966917991638,
-4.873361587524414,
0.44459548592567444,
-0.3984217941761017,
-0.8972757458686829,
0.13567617535591125,
-0.4966990351676941,
0.4589381217956543,
-0.3938673436641693,
-0.12836380302906036,
0.40762510895729065,
-0.2843955159187317,
-0.38743993639945984,
0.08784200251102448,
0.3680255711078644,
0.7252806425094604,
0.34795281291007996,
0.358574241399765,
0.09146241843700409,
0.5585930943489075,
0.4752156436443329,
-0.25851917266845703,
0.4738786220550537,
-0.27123120427131653,
-0.11251058429479599,
0.5491466522216797,
0.5506828427314758,
-0.5658438205718994,
-0.10350204259157181,
-0.587731659412384,
0.021422211080789566,
0.3051087558269501,
-0.06177355721592903,
-0.4696127772331238,
-0.5162982940673828,
-0.6406692862510681,
-0.03631925210356712,
0.4209258258342743,
-0.40746375918388367,
0.30119481682777405,
-0.5620304942131042,
0.21818003058433533,
0.15045656263828278,
-0.10673722624778748,
0.0019178256625309587,
0.9974756836891174,
-0.14167362451553345,
-0.4984317719936371,
-0.319398432970047,
-0.003993005026131868,
0.9945909976959229,
0.3187331557273865,
0.4008976221084595,
0.6543061137199402,
-0.03906906768679619,
0.06474627554416656,
-0.3272508978843689,
-0.35286226868629456,
0.5336717963218689,
-0.7021066546440125,
0.4909781217575073,
0.14053207635879517,
-0.733697235584259,
0.0763937458395958,
0.0739780142903328,
-0.05355236306786537,
-0.9576354622840881,
0.13827376067638397,
0.48391494154930115,
0.023516807705163956,
-0.11964572966098785,
0.4191552400588989,
0.816709041595459,
-0.7392539381980896,
-0.7908807992935181,
0.6157964468002319,
-0.922356128692627,
-0.26440364122390747,
0.0723063051700592,
-0.7733325958251953,
0.31220200657844543,
-0.4452800452709198,
0.03055904060602188,
0.2902069091796875,
0.7539662718772888,
0.959902822971344,
-0.04748501628637314,
0.07179517298936844,
0.15774516761302948,
-0.05187204107642174,
-0.8600444793701172,
0.7153019905090332,
0.026163270696997643,
0.5170838832855225,
-0.0017370006535202265,
-0.18177996575832367,
-0.10335305333137512,
0.4066263735294342,
-0.026645861566066742,
0.41465771198272705,
-0.39461591839790344,
0.40773805975914,
-0.285186231136322,
-0.07700028270483017,
-0.5168542265892029,
-0.47750166058540344,
-0.39073890447616577,
0.34820032119750977,
0.4615074396133423,
0.6936081647872925,
-0.2557842433452606,
-0.38097938895225525,
0.6325574517250061,
-0.2822847366333008,
-0.07302656769752502,
0.30619823932647705,
0.3301267623901367,
-0.5556318163871765,
0.2005597949028015,
0.5790742635726929,
0.8112730979919434,
0.10774610936641693,
-0.5434379577636719,
0.08736353367567062,
-0.17378316819667816,
0.0893927663564682,
-0.34401506185531616,
0.3835182189941406,
-0.7429325580596924,
-0.10485666990280151,
0.09693320840597153,
0.06867962330579758,
0.03938108682632446,
-0.15932495892047882,
-0.23550249636173248,
-0.2607214152812958,
-0.03831517696380615,
-1.1258971691131592,
-0.2454254925251007,
0.7047755122184753,
0.3036419749259949,
0.008457214571535587,
0.3960310220718384,
-0.5342692732810974,
0.6957947015762329,
-0.3933732509613037,
0.6392966508865356,
-0.32085949182510376,
-0.21664604544639587,
-1.3122016191482544,
0.10911642760038376,
-0.9689745306968689,
-0.5714375376701355,
0.14645887911319733,
-0.7182362675666809,
0.33002161979675293,
-0.15944920480251312,
-0.1685631424188614,
0.6883556842803955,
0.2198089361190796,
-0.12869146466255188,
0.036471545696258545,
-0.2984667420387268,
-0.7929646968841553,
0.8796037435531616,
-0.01817435957491398,
-0.4488227069377899,
-0.0875016450881958,
-0.40892666578292847,
-0.668204128742218,
0.5519974827766418,
0.7389362454414368,
-0.5077736377716064,
-0.15853826701641083,
-0.19889548420906067,
0.4212969243526459,
0.09354733675718307,
-0.41839998960494995,
-0.04960706830024719,
0.35487106442451477,
-0.1123376116156578,
-0.3297136723995209,
0.026309562847018242,
-0.6294779777526855,
-0.1323065310716629,
0.09849909693002701,
-0.25207236409187317,
-0.35378262400627136,
-0.3477057218551636,
0.19413815438747406,
0.18303823471069336,
0.17638686299324036,
-0.5401052236557007,
0.21342551708221436,
0.28579381108283997,
-0.5323218703269958,
-1.1053060293197632,
-0.13964791595935822,
0.5922898054122925,
-0.22051596641540527,
-0.6980416774749756,
-0.1801549643278122,
0.10615158081054688,
-0.3889918625354767,
-0.2971423268318176,
0.2861183285713196,
-0.6346092820167542,
0.4723208546638489,
0.6962189674377441,
-0.47287115454673767,
0.42773085832595825,
-0.4729635417461395,
-0.8320480585098267,
0.2565394937992096,
0.6946609020233154,
0.24761539697647095,
0.4395546317100525,
0.17541171610355377,
-0.23680663108825684,
-0.552815318107605,
-0.26757705211639404,
-0.23057249188423157,
0.09986995160579681,
-0.5168117880821228,
-0.5072669982910156,
-0.5702294111251831,
0.33588117361068726,
-0.01777493581175804,
-0.3039621412754059,
0.5933220386505127,
-0.7929471135139465,
0.10053039342164993,
0.4642101526260376,
-0.014696099795401096,
0.24222080409526825,
0.4661191701889038,
0.40696460008621216,
-0.38231515884399414,
0.08545791357755661,
0.5183232426643372,
-0.08049812912940979,
-0.13492567837238312,
1.3749102354049683,
0.7320680618286133,
-1.0497575998306274,
-0.20519603788852692,
-0.4985763132572174,
0.38149163126945496,
-0.3238605856895447,
-1.0174747705459595,
0.7585546970367432,
0.5042098760604858,
-0.4277872145175934,
-0.4656239151954651,
-0.4064008891582489,
1.2121461629867554,
-0.5274839401245117,
-0.15094181895256042,
0.6795936226844788,
-0.3052431643009186,
0.08816125243902206,
0.4962560534477234,
0.19620203971862793,
-0.1249127984046936,
0.358663409948349,
0.5025696158409119,
-0.13447946310043335,
0.06977759301662445,
-0.7537837624549866,
0.003767919959500432,
-1.479530692100525,
-0.04499857872724533,
-0.5643523931503296,
-0.1312793344259262,
-0.0014292551204562187,
-0.44677433371543884,
-0.06748153269290924,
0.44996652007102966,
-0.7827334403991699,
-0.48125261068344116,
-0.4219644367694855,
-0.3909324109554291,
0.08108428120613098,
0.1360243409872055,
-0.1697867512702942,
0.40754711627960205,
-1.0616419315338135,
-0.4741121232509613,
-0.08332980424165726,
-1.3058212995529175,
0.8294506669044495,
-0.4507017135620117,
-0.08749834448099136,
-0.20510156452655792,
-0.9436637759208679,
0.0420379601418972,
0.18459449708461761,
0.4461669325828552,
0.24675607681274414,
-0.6483476758003235,
0.39831075072288513,
-0.5887144804000854,
1.0240310430526733,
-0.3253675401210785,
-0.8566827774047852,
0.05922166258096695,
-0.5982969403266907,
-0.35977745056152344,
-0.43996700644493103,
0.2953776717185974,
0.541143536567688,
-0.0009634569869376719,
-0.09635715931653976,
0.46035611629486084,
0.39381328225135803,
-0.7344110012054443,
0.1490134447813034,
0.5696014165878296,
-0.4072962701320648,
-0.3279140889644623,
0.2841411232948303,
-0.40428224205970764,
0.026181312277913094,
0.6384507417678833,
0.38732078671455383,
-0.4631681740283966,
1.2483301162719727,
-0.292846143245697,
0.3659774959087372,
0.05214303359389305,
0.2317987084388733,
-0.12987713515758514,
-0.9586265683174133,
-0.1759224236011505,
0.021656226366758347,
-0.6159734725952148,
-0.5052216053009033,
-0.09952546656131744,
-0.2831520140171051,
-0.3777223229408264,
0.3953807055950165,
-0.4664292335510254,
0.4555167555809021,
0.35591235756874084,
0.1622174084186554,
0.16315875947475433,
-0.2152680605649948,
-0.15981118381023407,
0.40305861830711365,
0.6805567145347595,
0.2428596317768097,
0.10559004545211792,
-0.23752880096435547,
-0.351131409406662,
-0.44734054803848267,
-0.5798313021659851,
0.20700639486312866,
0.1142692044377327,
-0.2516767680644989,
-0.3982955515384674,
0.23059704899787903,
0.25517165660858154,
-0.4299262464046478,
0.3199080526828766,
0.398082971572876,
0.47043296694755554,
-0.6995479464530945,
0.3174896836280823,
-0.7759546637535095,
-0.609220564365387,
0.5946226716041565,
0.5154167413711548,
0.7874797582626343,
0.09089208394289017,
0.2147832065820694,
0.09813275188207626,
0.25927865505218506,
0.209795281291008,
0.2480734884738922,
-0.2201135754585266,
0.08908021450042725,
0.057695116847753525,
0.22905859351158142,
-0.2413906455039978,
-0.35657504200935364,
-0.4679568111896515,
-0.6878693103790283,
0.29162895679473877,
0.47444725036621094,
0.12769939005374908,
-0.4879786968231201,
-0.03990108147263527,
0.029194394126534462,
-0.3953907787799835,
-0.5788711309432983,
0.08117328584194183,
0.07027629017829895,
0.6248143911361694,
0.49788808822631836,
0.5611401200294495,
0.33291104435920715,
0.17846134305000305,
-0.1405176967382431,
0.5711802244186401,
-0.21222028136253357,
0.36981186270713806,
0.5649969577789307,
-0.12780897319316864,
0.30011114478111267,
-0.26093053817749023,
0.8151527643203735,
-0.09510640054941177,
0.5465218424797058,
-0.10940556973218918,
0.7480865716934204,
-0.2933898866176605,
0.340537428855896,
0.5216000080108643,
-0.3062748312950134,
0.022188037633895874,
-0.5118261575698853,
-0.1727406084537506,
-0.48457804322242737,
0.2620351314544678,
0.7612463235855103,
-0.5056977272033691,
-0.18198469281196594,
-0.1468573808670044,
-0.4128609299659729,
-0.8479533195495605,
0.7366930246353149,
0.285872220993042,
-1.043323278427124,
-0.14336124062538147,
-0.2763775885105133,
-0.5678040981292725,
-1.143221139907837,
-0.5951247215270996,
1.2510433197021484,
0.869193971157074,
-0.3965694308280945,
0.10139019787311554,
-0.258333683013916,
-0.6025132536888123,
0.18431209027767181,
0.798984169960022,
1.0192190408706665,
-0.9405608773231506,
-1.189509391784668,
-0.5516796708106995,
0.42791345715522766,
-0.10590158402919769,
-0.23723262548446655,
-0.0843796506524086,
-0.4439586400985718,
0.051010407507419586,
0.15878112614154816,
0.959014356136322,
-0.28181082010269165,
1.0379655361175537,
-0.16629771888256073
]
|
123553 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klein%2C%20Montana | Klein, Montana | Klein is a census-designated place (CDP) in Musselshell County, Montana, United States. The population was 188 at the 2000 census.
Geography
Klein is located at (46.402844, -108.548378).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all of it land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 188 people, 69 households, and 52 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 14.6 people per square mile (5.6/km2). There were 90 housing units at an average density of 7.0/sq mi (2.7/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.21% White, 3.19% Native American, 1.06% Pacific Islander, and 0.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.06% of the population.
There were 69 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.2% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.6% were non-families. 18.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.12.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.8% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 37.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 111.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 113.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $39,792, and the median income for a family was $38,542. Males had a median income of $29,000 versus $18,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $15,522. About 14.0% of families and 11.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 50.0% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.
References
Census-designated places in Musselshell County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
-0.027321258559823036,
0.7682672739028931,
0.16763634979724884,
0.014665783382952213,
0.3234962224960327,
0.5155160427093506,
1.0240650177001953,
0.44511035084724426,
0.1407192051410675,
-0.24527379870414734,
0.016230186447501183,
-0.04148485139012337,
-0.351885586977005,
0.7904216051101685,
-0.6508181691169739,
0.4524315595626831,
0.3275643289089203,
1.0581893920898438,
0.6374350786209106,
-0.19589777290821075,
0.4071723222732544,
-0.8871281147003174,
0.07369982451200485,
0.5457828640937805,
-0.28475719690322876,
0.7176319360733032,
0.7607812285423279,
0.18983414769172668,
-0.20066294074058533,
0.2543681859970093,
-0.4633651375770569,
0.7397811412811279,
-0.2123115211725235,
-0.11669503152370453,
0.15364408493041992,
-0.4193591773509979,
0.36330097913742065,
-0.048927441239356995,
0.19413796067237854,
-0.23431015014648438,
0.1500299572944641,
-0.04028284549713135,
0.27368026971817017,
-0.08843947947025299,
0.07405950129032135,
-0.6522974371910095,
-1.8491849899291992,
0.45678502321243286,
-1.0251530408859253,
-0.5314931273460388,
-0.8155995607376099,
-0.15971006453037262,
0.6055234670639038,
0.28517553210258484,
0.24608682096004486,
0.5256081223487854,
-0.4211811423301697,
0.3490605652332306,
0.7496472597122192,
0.4206528663635254,
-0.7470048666000366,
0.4073922634124756,
0.4172190725803375,
-0.32908928394317627,
-0.31299328804016113,
-0.3398604094982147,
-0.11099462956190109,
0.3661523759365082,
-0.08085788041353226,
-1.009113073348999,
-0.2973588705062866,
-0.06811830401420593,
-0.3349047899246216,
0.2565971612930298,
0.11239933967590332,
0.7888377904891968,
-0.5192151665687561,
-0.11385104060173035,
-0.32782799005508423,
-0.010921602137386799,
-0.05527385696768761,
0.10620388388633728,
0.30937880277633667,
-0.09614341706037521,
0.019560769200325012,
-0.020741915330290794,
-0.6869938969612122,
0.13031812012195587,
0.27807122468948364,
1.1357591152191162,
-0.9271227121353149,
-0.7187198996543884,
0.0015582090709358454,
-0.4755260944366455,
0.0540204755961895,
-0.517785370349884,
-0.35050514340400696,
0.464871346950531,
-0.2373119294643402,
0.5361328721046448,
-0.3023194968700409,
0.027583807706832886,
0.9676916003227234,
-0.10963091999292374,
-0.550115704536438,
-0.8594242930412292,
-1.0299508571624756,
-0.40383076667785645,
0.10741658508777618,
0.11768630146980286,
-0.2638765573501587,
0.17555072903633118,
-0.0645155981183052,
-0.6022544503211975,
-0.3468455672264099,
0.8580065965652466,
-0.08064831793308258,
-0.5200495719909668,
-0.5977059602737427,
-0.12881353497505188,
0.6564694046974182,
0.5393891930580139,
-0.1887316107749939,
-0.12119054049253464,
-0.41294825077056885,
0.1465856283903122,
0.8969675898551941,
-0.013135064393281937,
0.3506855070590973,
0.33828628063201904,
-0.5865623950958252,
0.7618014812469482,
0.23811128735542297,
0.31037911772727966,
-0.05515655502676964,
-1.1337153911590576,
0.027121257036924362,
-0.4694937467575073,
-0.034541450440883636,
0.06886262446641922,
-0.23886355757713318,
0.32576510310173035,
-0.2462310642004013,
0.013148913159966469,
0.9112845063209534,
0.09017393738031387,
0.06691602617502213,
-0.9668622016906738,
-0.19229726493358612,
-0.37470531463623047,
0.21663929522037506,
0.1928744912147522,
0.9122604727745056,
0.5736934542655945,
0.3597342371940613,
0.3398669362068176,
0.3391837477684021,
0.4024699330329895,
0.5614500641822815,
0.39532431960105896,
0.11378059536218643,
0.9408309459686279,
0.9504202008247375,
-0.26221153140068054,
0.3614058792591095,
-0.2613060176372528,
0.4691808521747589,
-0.2746813893318176,
0.2361382693052292,
0.6641882658004761,
-0.0360306017100811,
0.7532227635383606,
0.5015265941619873,
0.10776062309741974,
0.5060317516326904,
-0.7629030346870422,
0.5172905921936035,
0.2659913897514343,
0.27501001954078674,
-0.47266554832458496,
-0.7541495561599731,
0.21627314388751984,
0.12998135387897491,
-0.0750897005200386,
0.2481795996427536,
0.1730034500360489,
0.40733879804611206,
0.26815128326416016,
-0.4357893466949463,
-0.46611982583999634,
-0.5705772042274475,
-0.7711222767829895,
0.834852397441864,
-0.2944410443305969,
0.34175097942352295,
0.4633540213108063,
-0.24008560180664062,
0.2809230089187622,
-0.11322299391031265,
0.37635189294815063,
-0.4637296497821808,
-0.3962576985359192,
0.5171184539794922,
-0.7505379319190979,
-0.147864431142807,
0.19120483100414276,
0.22915130853652954,
-0.18937397003173828,
0.3055180609226227,
1.0588802099227905,
0.1346811205148697,
-0.5274415016174316,
-0.40514081716537476,
1.0242321491241455,
-0.5150570869445801,
-0.10897920280694962,
-0.012375781312584877,
-0.1113942489027977,
0.17725922167301178,
-0.22209107875823975,
0.3613520860671997,
0.0033974184188991785,
-0.04837134853005409,
-0.3625839054584503,
-0.10153722763061523,
0.5649621486663818,
0.9130432605743408,
0.009784585796296597,
-0.3907948434352875,
0.5796405673027039,
0.26094990968704224,
-0.3137190043926239,
0.7428889870643616,
-0.2303759753704071,
-0.35707756876945496,
0.2305564135313034,
-0.16623473167419434,
-0.5047472715377808,
0.6455950140953064,
-0.7629873156547546,
-0.0907466784119606,
0.09419569373130798,
-0.19256512820720673,
-0.1239830031991005,
0.45143240690231323,
0.8041672110557556,
-0.023671919479966164,
0.029532261192798615,
-0.11722158640623093,
-0.4377453625202179,
0.05298541113734245,
0.08788865059614182,
0.005544151179492474,
-0.5697169899940491,
0.35775578022003174,
0.027112258598208427,
0.0821232870221138,
0.18044279515743256,
0.3893756866455078,
0.36044323444366455,
-0.009128398261964321,
0.574485182762146,
-0.25844916701316833,
-0.03560632839798927,
0.17746245861053467,
-0.7335898876190186,
-0.6251357793807983,
-0.3853675425052643,
-0.42778509855270386,
0.8858002424240112,
0.2672646641731262,
-0.13104337453842163,
-0.15508106350898743,
0.43426236510276794,
1.0776276588439941,
-0.04624074324965477,
-0.6037903428077698,
-0.07197275012731552,
-0.7583049535751343,
0.012570464052259922,
0.7154983878135681,
0.8983418345451355,
-0.13167154788970947,
-0.16734762489795685,
-0.2653476297855377,
-0.5654077529907227,
0.7281897068023682,
-0.14613227546215057,
-0.5153982639312744,
-0.8161242604255676,
-0.04133009910583496,
0.041785188019275665,
-0.3458983898162842,
0.17994052171707153,
-0.8349961042404175,
0.02491001971065998,
-0.057693734765052795,
-0.2806345224380493,
0.8680496215820312,
-0.6897611618041992,
0.22124680876731873,
0.3910053074359894,
-0.5329769849777222,
0.011205213144421577,
-0.29844310879707336,
-0.3632986843585968,
0.5122010111808777,
-0.8570340275764465,
-4.6100969314575195,
0.685227632522583,
-0.05041695758700371,
-0.5074896812438965,
0.10337884724140167,
-0.6323179602622986,
0.3787882626056671,
-0.5651682615280151,
-0.05830422043800354,
0.477521151304245,
-0.13604304194450378,
-0.5863569378852844,
0.1408810317516327,
0.623587965965271,
0.9907625317573547,
0.43720242381095886,
0.8762805461883545,
-0.04513738676905632,
0.6664333939552307,
0.5889883041381836,
-0.030253082513809204,
0.2552396059036255,
0.002438212279230356,
-0.171104297041893,
1.0518841743469238,
0.6743935942649841,
-0.11758554726839066,
-0.1794508695602417,
-0.6131918430328369,
-0.0782712921500206,
0.08924297988414764,
0.34836843609809875,
-1.10679030418396,
-0.3160291612148285,
-0.13707341253757477,
-0.25046783685684204,
0.6348558664321899,
-0.45702388882637024,
0.7981774210929871,
-0.42577049136161804,
0.539381206035614,
0.5191861391067505,
-0.293164998292923,
-0.3439904451370239,
0.81902015209198,
0.3469540774822235,
-0.46837881207466125,
-0.5632986426353455,
-0.010672305710613728,
0.7924037575721741,
0.4792200028896332,
0.11322975158691406,
0.6302785277366638,
0.1163441464304924,
0.40455275774002075,
-0.3752257823944092,
0.047927964478731155,
0.44801032543182373,
-0.35059183835983276,
0.6672431230545044,
0.5135770440101624,
-0.5758926272392273,
0.1414952576160431,
0.08184309303760529,
-0.1677933633327484,
-0.561905562877655,
0.08314105123281479,
0.16697631776332855,
0.192501038312912,
-0.011858704499900341,
-0.03754320740699768,
0.367157906293869,
-0.6532444357872009,
-0.43744415044784546,
0.28876209259033203,
-1.0035573244094849,
-0.20280224084854126,
0.25739389657974243,
-0.9523802399635315,
0.20057977735996246,
-0.2680531442165375,
-0.16336852312088013,
0.4728716015815735,
0.6639002561569214,
0.5990068316459656,
-0.6516121625900269,
-0.44297248125076294,
0.23159146308898926,
-0.3255736827850342,
-0.874114990234375,
0.5756006240844727,
-0.07010848075151443,
0.5956352353096008,
-0.13364636898040771,
-0.38130006194114685,
-0.26431766152381897,
0.9897669553756714,
-0.1968967318534851,
-0.1552497297525406,
-0.45546722412109375,
0.2713359296321869,
-0.4065931737422943,
0.1073915958404541,
-0.1763245016336441,
-0.3717601001262665,
-0.6361746191978455,
-0.21757552027702332,
0.2874642014503479,
0.5692204236984253,
-0.5135232210159302,
-0.3798755705356598,
0.1724037230014801,
-0.40094539523124695,
-0.13001509010791779,
0.49218374490737915,
0.3072321116924286,
-0.5314925909042358,
0.2224527895450592,
0.5761361122131348,
0.6259785890579224,
0.2729104459285736,
-0.103007011115551,
-0.41258504986763,
0.10765840858221054,
-0.5331866145133972,
-0.1980898380279541,
0.4494653046131134,
-0.25592726469039917,
-0.4938099980354309,
0.41821202635765076,
-0.11273685097694397,
0.01795841194689274,
-0.6567400097846985,
-0.4129638671875,
-0.2535367012023926,
0.12560144066810608,
-0.7009869813919067,
-0.8100258111953735,
0.48057693243026733,
0.3139769434928894,
0.5941246747970581,
0.39631763100624084,
-0.6129878759384155,
0.5845047235488892,
-0.8633081316947937,
0.8047081232070923,
0.8009840846061707,
-0.40560171008110046,
-0.863410234451294,
0.3570329546928406,
-0.6864811778068542,
-0.27237939834594727,
-0.0015831355703994632,
-0.4867839515209198,
0.5559483766555786,
0.0349913127720356,
-0.05147695541381836,
0.29824331402778625,
0.42755407094955444,
-0.3537830710411072,
0.29767000675201416,
-0.2230025827884674,
-0.677484929561615,
0.9945571422576904,
0.008995350450277328,
-0.6640859246253967,
-0.2527027726173401,
-0.3820541799068451,
-0.5551221370697021,
0.3663889765739441,
0.7501190900802612,
-0.4003618359565735,
-0.13732098042964935,
0.007074248045682907,
0.38306209444999695,
-0.2575945258140564,
0.14923930168151855,
0.15234769880771637,
-0.25619444251060486,
-0.14253531396389008,
-0.0756530612707138,
-0.19291986525058746,
-0.4866304099559784,
-0.3846466839313507,
-0.24972307682037354,
-0.8491872549057007,
-0.2562776505947113,
-0.17942315340042114,
-0.45131784677505493,
0.03513573855161667,
-0.01516632828861475,
-0.14671282470226288,
0.29485028982162476,
0.06793331354856491,
-0.3605246841907501,
-0.9722187519073486,
0.322700560092926,
0.4126273989677429,
-0.4881960451602936,
-0.581741988658905,
0.01168767549097538,
0.7524338364601135,
-0.42465299367904663,
0.4296633303165436,
0.11395960301160812,
-0.5715100765228271,
0.4004937708377838,
0.9055347442626953,
-0.8652297854423523,
0.4958767890930176,
-0.5609509944915771,
-0.7382230162620544,
0.5664172172546387,
0.3961518704891205,
0.1256992518901825,
0.6105632781982422,
0.5995299816131592,
0.19840192794799805,
-0.4375488758087158,
-0.08788330107927322,
-0.5236396789550781,
0.08858698606491089,
-0.1940024197101593,
-0.8677381873130798,
-0.28252750635147095,
0.7097562551498413,
0.1871902048587799,
-0.04566529020667076,
0.8079583644866943,
-0.8135137557983398,
-0.3779178857803345,
-0.1764879822731018,
-0.17009758949279785,
-0.22005732357501984,
0.6183825135231018,
0.3146613836288452,
-0.4368823170661926,
0.05981170013546944,
0.6371763348579407,
-0.5128064155578613,
0.201663076877594,
0.9456276893615723,
0.2085077166557312,
-0.5650913119316101,
-0.9228696823120117,
-0.131141796708107,
0.7305502891540527,
-0.1083199605345726,
-1.071533441543579,
0.9099498987197876,
0.49707016348838806,
-0.8783639669418335,
-0.3703686594963074,
-0.10959793627262115,
1.2936668395996094,
-0.2772190272808075,
-0.3771362900733948,
1.0790377855300903,
-0.25485867261886597,
0.5717339515686035,
0.578000545501709,
0.03567635640501976,
0.056132879108190536,
0.5396804809570312,
0.51621013879776,
-0.19393432140350342,
0.10661555826663971,
-0.5008333325386047,
0.271859347820282,
-1.100973129272461,
-0.0926847904920578,
-0.22569556534290314,
0.06542069464921951,
-0.05248410254716873,
-0.3898772597312927,
-0.13132579624652863,
-0.23305575549602509,
-0.7698016166687012,
-0.6562294363975525,
-0.3473553955554962,
-0.3660387396812439,
-0.15060539543628693,
0.24846024811267853,
-0.09546974301338196,
0.22093690931797028,
-0.9474018812179565,
-0.926795482635498,
-0.005248024128377438,
-1.42719566822052,
0.5700520873069763,
-0.6000181436538696,
-0.16797567903995514,
-0.2844226062297821,
-0.599343478679657,
0.3870428800582886,
0.2169596254825592,
0.3142983615398407,
0.3347564935684204,
-0.6635994911193848,
0.2968130111694336,
-0.3093618154525757,
0.8157901167869568,
-0.3191229999065399,
-0.7337675094604492,
0.4162815809249878,
-0.06221352145075798,
-0.6730241775512695,
-0.5513909459114075,
0.2791013717651367,
-0.07055430859327316,
-0.09695916622877121,
0.031029939651489258,
0.25939279794692993,
0.3995818495750427,
-0.9778167605400085,
0.1868942826986313,
0.18471302092075348,
-0.19208772480487823,
-0.5048823952674866,
0.35285013914108276,
-0.1422489881515503,
-0.18220318853855133,
0.6477253437042236,
0.9779387712478638,
-0.5984451174736023,
1.2430007457733154,
-0.024258306249976158,
0.40919890999794006,
0.37776827812194824,
0.2773672938346863,
-0.12397442758083344,
-0.8486695289611816,
-0.875225305557251,
-0.009193483740091324,
-0.9096712470054626,
-0.16336597502231598,
-0.15188099443912506,
-0.3520474433898926,
-0.5945562720298767,
0.07276048511266708,
-0.07027779519557953,
0.26829245686531067,
-0.21543821692466736,
0.20235274732112885,
0.28564345836639404,
-0.431768536567688,
0.1797129362821579,
-0.28727784752845764,
0.5513826608657837,
-0.41128891706466675,
-0.34293001890182495,
-0.30951976776123047,
-0.5381211638450623,
-0.44710782170295715,
-0.6205245852470398,
-0.17793822288513184,
0.48759353160858154,
-0.7066806554794312,
-0.7757355570793152,
0.2743527889251709,
-0.019323837012052536,
-0.7113397717475891,
0.5985294580459595,
0.2578754723072052,
-0.07505775988101959,
-0.6695447564125061,
0.41849109530448914,
-0.4625307321548462,
-0.027766315266489983,
0.9558022022247314,
0.5064154863357544,
0.5776886940002441,
0.30795133113861084,
0.4049834907054901,
0.5695992112159729,
0.5400518774986267,
0.19782359898090363,
0.215060755610466,
-0.16133826971054077,
0.6594656705856323,
0.03855196014046669,
0.5989059209823608,
-0.31050774455070496,
-0.1780155599117279,
0.10076671838760376,
-0.33486512303352356,
0.09322305023670197,
0.36546003818511963,
0.5675980448722839,
-0.6500804424285889,
0.1301896572113037,
-0.05385942757129669,
-0.49353131651878357,
-0.1262926161289215,
-0.08271622657775879,
0.0612335130572319,
0.17619089782238007,
0.681061863899231,
0.7626155614852905,
0.1887703239917755,
0.16200710833072662,
-0.11263222247362137,
0.2223118245601654,
-0.002051146700978279,
0.5283806920051575,
0.4907764792442322,
-0.45054811239242554,
0.46843743324279785,
-1.1350957155227661,
0.8786486387252808,
0.047158706933259964,
0.3772815763950348,
-0.3109002709388733,
0.7356045842170715,
-0.27258384227752686,
-0.17173601686954498,
0.5992533564567566,
-0.3631831705570221,
-0.2266467660665512,
-0.36261650919914246,
0.2405572086572647,
-0.9986816644668579,
0.6635619401931763,
0.6121458411216736,
-0.2259102612733841,
-0.296954870223999,
-0.32110217213630676,
-0.3237602710723877,
-1.0312960147857666,
0.2559414505958557,
-0.13079996407032013,
-0.7615388035774231,
-0.043880969285964966,
-0.1209326907992363,
-0.31309056282043457,
-0.8799569606781006,
-0.7456350922584534,
1.1164451837539673,
0.6639488935470581,
-0.5477970242500305,
-0.1568669080734253,
-0.566563606262207,
-0.3196842670440674,
0.15102408826351166,
0.6203583478927612,
0.7963468432426453,
-1.0999817848205566,
-0.8822757005691528,
-0.4368189573287964,
0.31116193532943726,
-0.16423174738883972,
-0.2539255619049072,
-0.060355719178915024,
-0.3639942407608032,
-0.23246075212955475,
0.14634382724761963,
0.543630063533783,
-0.5647051334381104,
1.079316258430481,
-0.09529782831668854
]
|
123554 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melstone%2C%20Montana | Melstone, Montana | Melstone is a rural small town in far eastern Musselshell County, Montana, United States, along U.S. Route 12. The population was 126 at the 2020 census. The town was established in 1908 as a base for operating crews on the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad, then under construction in Montana. Although the railroad was abandoned in 1980, Melstone survives as a community center for farmers and ranchers in the lower Musselshell River valley. It has a K-12 school with a staff of 16, which in the Fall of 2017 successfully began a 4-day school week.
The Melstone Oil Field west of town developed in the 1950s and saw renewed production in the 1990s.
Geography
Melstone is located at (46.599081, -107.869851).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all of it land.
Climate
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Melstone has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 96 people, 52 households, and 24 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 75 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 96.9% White, 2.1% African American, and 1.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.0% of the population.
There were 52 households, of which 19.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them; 40.4% were married couples living together, 3.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 53.8% were non-families. 51.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 28.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.85 and the average family size was 2.79.
The median age in the town was 50 years. 20.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 17.7% were from 25 to 44; 33.2% were from 45 to 64; and 25% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 46.9% male and 53.1% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 136 people, 56 households, and 38 families residing in the town. The population density was 198.8 people per square mile (77.2/km2). There were 87 housing units at an average density of 127.2 per square mile (49.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 95.59% White, 0.74% Native American, 0.74% Asian, 1.47% from other races, and 1.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.47% of the population.
There were 56 households, out of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.6% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.1% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.03.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 27.2% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 86.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $31,250, and the median income for a family was $33,438. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $12,083 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,027. There were no families and 5.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 10.7% of those over 64.
Current events
In 2006, Melstone made history by winning the State Boys Basketball Championship, being the smallest school ever to win. The Melstone Broncs defeated the defending state champion Gardiner Bruins in an overtime win. The Broncs won 83-78 for the Class C boys basketball crown at MetraPark Arena in Billings, Montana.
2008 marked the town's centennial.
Education
Melstone Public Schools educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. Melstone High School's team name is the Broncs.
Notable residents
Evelyn Genevieve Sharp, early American aviator.
References
Towns in Musselshell County, Montana
1908 establishments in Montana
Populated places established in 1908 | [
0.2312191277742386,
1.1683729887008667,
0.4418227970600128,
-0.29071006178855896,
0.4222939610481262,
0.27942174673080444,
1.1635239124298096,
0.5134315490722656,
-0.12649939954280853,
-0.008111023344099522,
-0.1442342847585678,
0.07902240008115768,
-0.4702017903327942,
1.2016972303390503,
-0.7178575992584229,
0.20703473687171936,
0.4630993604660034,
0.8667323589324951,
1.1683048009872437,
0.10486901551485062,
0.26715144515037537,
-0.7481901049613953,
0.6468595862388611,
0.09464464336633682,
-0.19026724994182587,
0.5145188570022583,
0.3619520664215088,
0.1404736340045929,
-0.25687769055366516,
0.37058591842651367,
-0.2570432424545288,
0.623404860496521,
-0.43032175302505493,
-0.3246324062347412,
-0.023592421784996986,
0.04936470836400986,
0.22189871966838837,
0.304822713136673,
0.11401093751192093,
-0.2662646770477295,
-0.2785870432853699,
-0.23895835876464844,
0.21446438133716583,
-0.04921267554163933,
-0.14085550606250763,
-0.6785976886749268,
-1.8143733739852905,
0.2167094349861145,
-0.9531981348991394,
-0.22005221247673035,
-0.6631207466125488,
-0.18893378973007202,
0.43504151701927185,
0.03920844942331314,
0.6527235507965088,
0.613541841506958,
-0.5784342288970947,
0.483239084482193,
0.9349665641784668,
0.27255868911743164,
-0.11638224124908447,
0.11567725986242294,
0.3374825119972229,
-0.3755595088005066,
-0.5660926103591919,
0.3361004590988159,
-0.23848967254161835,
0.23135466873645782,
-0.16053466498851776,
-0.4086388647556305,
-0.0003814645460806787,
-0.07293079048395157,
-0.3575364947319031,
0.32521745562553406,
0.3900230824947357,
0.6846742033958435,
-0.7377712726593018,
0.10485002398490906,
0.15679681301116943,
0.1010461077094078,
0.13077746331691742,
0.5272542238235474,
0.9428972005844116,
0.004400226287543774,
0.11689817905426025,
0.014787018299102783,
-0.49951398372650146,
0.6021811366081238,
0.18650543689727783,
0.8241578340530396,
-0.9421527981758118,
-0.4895772933959961,
-0.21717847883701324,
-0.3384784460067749,
-0.18018601834774017,
-0.454221248626709,
-0.3093673586845398,
0.7118121981620789,
-0.3440706431865692,
0.8324709534645081,
0.4336105287075043,
-0.031979162245988846,
0.9561902284622192,
0.07567247003316879,
-0.5465761423110962,
-0.6982071995735168,
-1.0117915868759155,
-0.42878857254981995,
-0.03300498053431511,
-0.33753085136413574,
-0.6560062766075134,
0.4559369385242462,
-0.2434474676847458,
-0.4472741186618805,
-0.47122684121131897,
0.517936646938324,
0.1539146900177002,
-0.2842705547809601,
-0.1916828155517578,
-0.09739071130752563,
0.3290412127971649,
0.5536696314811707,
-0.5076009035110474,
-0.34020352363586426,
0.04481137916445732,
0.3919357657432556,
0.11710021644830704,
-0.059239380061626434,
-0.05350693687796593,
1.008556842803955,
-0.503888726234436,
0.8054208755493164,
0.32052844762802124,
-0.04033057019114494,
0.025151045992970467,
-0.9162725210189819,
0.10849388688802719,
-0.7210240960121155,
0.15259923040866852,
0.7233136892318726,
-0.7994198203086853,
-0.05734572559595108,
-0.6488274335861206,
-0.07528245449066162,
0.7620141506195068,
-0.11524775624275208,
0.09509935230016708,
-1.150568962097168,
0.087919682264328,
0.3320819139480591,
0.21686069667339325,
0.3667883276939392,
0.4897681176662445,
0.7100904583930969,
0.12377750873565674,
0.38785749673843384,
0.34870636463165283,
0.29218828678131104,
0.38284093141555786,
0.46424609422683716,
-0.08356164395809174,
1.0783939361572266,
0.842922568321228,
-0.26781946420669556,
0.7516241669654846,
-0.29486948251724243,
0.5951077342033386,
-0.44995322823524475,
0.5696895718574524,
0.6005697846412659,
-0.15072272717952728,
0.4912933111190796,
0.6621183753013611,
-0.3390105664730072,
0.3360964059829712,
-0.8317728638648987,
0.9339143633842468,
0.04302501305937767,
-0.2270873337984085,
0.010448193177580833,
-0.8025698065757751,
0.2307971715927124,
0.18725478649139404,
-0.011086664162576199,
-0.43729087710380554,
0.20720618963241577,
0.5468952059745789,
-0.06655343621969223,
-0.3992624878883362,
-1.0089125633239746,
-0.5559041500091553,
-1.082318663597107,
1.3137589693069458,
0.008082483895123005,
0.8674495816230774,
0.16581130027770996,
-0.3061769902706146,
0.3558945059776306,
-0.5478616952896118,
0.139109805226326,
0.007085361052304506,
-0.06055541709065437,
0.3188891112804413,
-0.5980141758918762,
-0.658367395401001,
0.35839757323265076,
0.15578317642211914,
-0.2742682993412018,
0.3580380976200104,
0.6501370668411255,
0.5049773454666138,
-0.6826749444007874,
0.020570816472172737,
0.6574028730392456,
-0.6051629781723022,
-0.6304986476898193,
-0.07024391740560532,
-0.7383483052253723,
0.22495752573013306,
-0.44515401124954224,
0.40640294551849365,
0.020843064412474632,
-0.05542847514152527,
-0.47942033410072327,
-0.2589479684829712,
-0.02529124729335308,
0.3756603002548218,
-0.127420112490654,
-0.44454240798950195,
0.2964770495891571,
0.34066474437713623,
0.18768584728240967,
0.6088778376579285,
-0.3679141104221344,
-0.06239033117890358,
0.013409750536084175,
-0.32761576771736145,
-0.25970879197120667,
-0.0010438684839755297,
-0.49604102969169617,
-0.2500140368938446,
0.20545797049999237,
-0.3747078478336334,
0.19758103787899017,
0.15779687464237213,
0.867139458656311,
0.26021283864974976,
-0.06605785340070724,
-0.239513099193573,
-0.6453120112419128,
0.3329378664493561,
0.3201420307159424,
0.2226269692182541,
-0.09435851871967316,
-0.06390702724456787,
-0.010567480698227882,
-0.1443440169095993,
0.1192818284034729,
0.18718616664409637,
-0.1178455576300621,
-0.43912166357040405,
-0.1196523979306221,
-0.6638223528862,
-0.42532074451446533,
0.4326138198375702,
-0.6673580408096313,
-0.5707191228866577,
-0.8719186782836914,
-0.061786603182554245,
0.7356446981430054,
0.30418696999549866,
-0.3693728744983673,
-0.3347133696079254,
0.4478485584259033,
1.0641659498214722,
0.35059377551078796,
-0.6353099942207336,
-0.4069591462612152,
-0.9996018409729004,
0.2999507784843445,
0.38526248931884766,
1.1678409576416016,
0.3921125531196594,
-0.4530887305736542,
-0.5665890574455261,
-0.5959404110908508,
0.9062740206718445,
-0.06841724365949631,
-0.2004573941230774,
-0.3990679383277893,
0.1401585340499878,
-0.01891733705997467,
-0.4609208106994629,
0.1204657182097435,
-0.6079019904136658,
-0.005072514992207289,
0.34131738543510437,
-0.04161817580461502,
0.25141164660453796,
-0.5750132203102112,
-0.23487797379493713,
0.16962000727653503,
-0.9031758904457092,
-0.007231509778648615,
0.06054101139307022,
0.036458760499954224,
0.12223691493272781,
-0.5401029586791992,
-4.59031867980957,
0.7967128753662109,
-0.2385244518518448,
-0.8186759948730469,
0.23235610127449036,
-0.35878849029541016,
-0.09177921712398529,
-0.39188215136528015,
-0.07586054503917694,
0.22962237894535065,
-0.4840860366821289,
-0.1666886955499649,
-0.011775120161473751,
0.7288106083869934,
0.8718727231025696,
0.23714281618595123,
0.5642149448394775,
-0.5334936380386353,
0.3832191526889801,
0.3528973162174225,
-0.1321864128112793,
0.5547266006469727,
-0.010815936140716076,
0.21591316163539886,
0.6830636858940125,
0.5152043700218201,
-0.1147715151309967,
-0.45208901166915894,
-0.7000002861022949,
-0.08464337885379791,
0.2804340124130249,
0.03299987316131592,
-0.6760618090629578,
-0.3821341395378113,
-0.27134379744529724,
-0.05279402434825897,
-0.0012370565673336387,
-0.39575064182281494,
0.39139536023139954,
-0.3905775547027588,
0.055885035544633865,
0.349224716424942,
-0.44692128896713257,
-0.2764918804168701,
0.5522120594978333,
0.1451987773180008,
-0.8543917536735535,
-0.4618971645832062,
0.23210054636001587,
1.1058993339538574,
0.08135107159614563,
-0.02782706543803215,
1.0311049222946167,
-0.05496843531727791,
0.3644108772277832,
-0.4179103374481201,
0.24902932345867157,
0.2467976212501526,
-0.3555282652378082,
0.4850650727748871,
-0.018214410170912743,
-0.6884006857872009,
0.1732812523841858,
0.17685185372829437,
0.2953793704509735,
-0.8751482367515564,
0.15353578329086304,
0.31633973121643066,
0.22313320636749268,
0.03647642582654953,
0.3121057152748108,
0.35628408193588257,
-0.4509311020374298,
-0.6947524547576904,
0.24738816916942596,
-0.7127231955528259,
-0.23722107708454132,
-0.021023724228143692,
-1.000930666923523,
0.13989293575286865,
-0.06043565645813942,
-0.04230797290802002,
0.32000160217285156,
0.6273824572563171,
0.7106943726539612,
-0.8387780785560608,
-0.3679521977901459,
-0.10907155275344849,
-0.2862198054790497,
-1.0580021142959595,
0.6338292956352234,
-0.01659172773361206,
0.5944983959197998,
-0.46055513620376587,
-0.1522815078496933,
0.19012852013111115,
0.6607373952865601,
0.03790127485990524,
-0.24934573471546173,
-0.42541831731796265,
0.29585468769073486,
-0.34049955010414124,
0.17057082056999207,
-0.07172948867082596,
-0.23675544559955597,
-0.6622610092163086,
0.0071623241528868675,
0.3771173059940338,
0.4078724980354309,
-0.5623469948768616,
-0.47004371881484985,
0.05398039147257805,
-0.851905345916748,
0.3297010362148285,
0.09240752458572388,
0.47937557101249695,
-0.3985697329044342,
0.08012966811656952,
0.6097732186317444,
0.18630507588386536,
0.14172981679439545,
-0.2893627882003784,
0.3445609509944916,
-0.38177043199539185,
-0.24509531259536743,
-0.4270448088645935,
0.7311954498291016,
0.0465831458568573,
-0.2127920389175415,
0.15344369411468506,
-0.20139460265636444,
0.1687604784965515,
-0.8709607124328613,
-0.24750296771526337,
-0.4521118998527527,
0.17277181148529053,
-0.7453974485397339,
-0.4951778054237366,
0.2102171629667282,
0.21310026943683624,
0.9462524652481079,
-0.005584706086665392,
-0.3599342107772827,
0.842070460319519,
-0.73427814245224,
0.7388749718666077,
0.5822017192840576,
-0.14116886258125305,
-1.1021769046783447,
0.6336817145347595,
-0.6518503427505493,
-0.046531930565834045,
-0.16876444220542908,
-0.769586980342865,
0.23820613324642181,
0.07866599410772324,
0.45520317554473877,
0.4618048667907715,
0.1495579332113266,
-0.4798501431941986,
-0.0016101375222206116,
-0.0062511819414794445,
-0.39429429173469543,
1.2432955503463745,
-0.3282884359359741,
-0.3898221552371979,
-0.18144607543945312,
0.08336066454648972,
-0.7635517716407776,
0.4403337240219116,
0.7444707751274109,
-0.2665197551250458,
-0.29819026589393616,
-0.0033083069138228893,
0.4509860575199127,
-0.044607363641262054,
-0.2980051040649414,
0.1484127789735794,
0.41557130217552185,
-0.12416106462478638,
-0.10680584609508514,
-0.17510688304901123,
-0.2849139869213104,
-0.23873060941696167,
0.5846813321113586,
-0.6643949747085571,
-0.5011710524559021,
-0.2508889138698578,
-0.16523344814777374,
0.03620809316635132,
0.37432587146759033,
-0.4102764427661896,
0.5113804340362549,
0.20123854279518127,
0.12847758829593658,
-0.873648464679718,
0.3564196228981018,
0.31143563985824585,
0.10496533662080765,
-0.7913361191749573,
0.5205073952674866,
0.40761086344718933,
-0.4289052188396454,
0.2942270338535309,
0.32250654697418213,
-1.127558708190918,
0.49343329668045044,
0.7701356410980225,
-1.230495572090149,
1.0643335580825806,
-0.050712838768959045,
-0.9044924378395081,
0.6783914566040039,
0.5876511335372925,
-0.14056731760501862,
-0.0827832892537117,
0.7122205495834351,
0.7877781987190247,
-0.6757474541664124,
-0.27324050664901733,
-0.22669857740402222,
-0.27785149216651917,
0.012498343363404274,
-0.9725632071495056,
-0.9724388122558594,
0.03387705609202385,
0.156403586268425,
-0.07888481020927429,
0.7237843871116638,
-0.56730055809021,
0.43185141682624817,
-0.030659381300210953,
0.37923291325569153,
0.23266452550888062,
0.32063552737236023,
0.3812059164047241,
-0.3413223922252655,
0.09782233834266663,
0.6672779321670532,
-0.2543949782848358,
0.3733549118041992,
0.9581590294837952,
0.5285622477531433,
-0.1650293469429016,
-0.9910235404968262,
0.07946446537971497,
0.6718014478683472,
-0.026156365871429443,
-1.0280002355575562,
1.0322576761245728,
0.5436744689941406,
-0.5676554441452026,
-0.42722007632255554,
0.22219064831733704,
1.4465614557266235,
-0.24810291826725006,
-0.12354438006877899,
0.8400840759277344,
-0.2682289779186249,
0.39013996720314026,
0.04685921594500542,
0.18431095778942108,
-0.0737554207444191,
0.266266793012619,
0.4527007043361664,
-0.03190499544143677,
0.04409673437476158,
-0.5749872326850891,
0.34929418563842773,
-1.0283002853393555,
-0.1607407033443451,
-0.06203801929950714,
0.08655780553817749,
-0.10221192240715027,
-0.4385398030281067,
-0.3383130133152008,
0.01828729175031185,
-1.1833014488220215,
-0.9026926755905151,
0.20537424087524414,
-0.2704184651374817,
-0.39562833309173584,
0.3269430696964264,
-0.18940725922584534,
0.6807929873466492,
-0.7234250903129578,
-0.2298862189054489,
-0.4430120885372162,
-0.775665283203125,
0.07468218356370926,
-0.24831944704055786,
-0.08371832966804504,
0.15617699921131134,
-0.7963333129882812,
0.0821969285607338,
0.418642520904541,
-0.0030650312546640635,
-0.08083213865756989,
-0.333299458026886,
0.05775703862309456,
-0.5529888272285461,
1.1919398307800293,
-0.4463706910610199,
-0.5215176939964294,
0.2607196867465973,
-0.30753278732299805,
-0.5301011800765991,
-0.32234370708465576,
0.3884621560573578,
0.5104422569274902,
-0.06398242712020874,
0.2364460825920105,
0.21308641135692596,
0.7385928630828857,
-0.6471308469772339,
0.2282450944185257,
-0.5304225087165833,
-0.6347060203552246,
-0.47517186403274536,
0.5764848589897156,
-0.5172324776649475,
-0.4408538341522217,
1.0020182132720947,
0.840217113494873,
-0.10547506809234619,
1.4254835844039917,
-0.3109944462776184,
0.40251943469047546,
-0.22111676633358002,
0.49785903096199036,
-0.2139643281698227,
-0.9871786832809448,
-0.8105076551437378,
0.2405892163515091,
-0.6151854991912842,
-0.22349023818969727,
-0.3901298940181732,
0.04547924920916557,
-0.4095538258552551,
0.3205673396587372,
-0.34864017367362976,
0.22694732248783112,
0.006784067489206791,
0.10624101012945175,
0.4175850450992584,
-0.5572855472564697,
-0.01296116504818201,
0.08406966179609299,
0.4456271827220917,
-0.5869693756103516,
-0.23117201030254364,
-0.5186618566513062,
-0.4060474634170532,
-1.2477189302444458,
-0.2434944212436676,
-0.1529695689678192,
0.10028921812772751,
-0.7540369033813477,
-0.7277596592903137,
0.21037116646766663,
0.09992925822734833,
-0.49459102749824524,
0.6525158286094666,
0.35360637307167053,
-0.2436559498310089,
-0.25817421078681946,
0.44232529401779175,
-0.7720299363136292,
0.024963388219475746,
0.776127278804779,
0.5318341851234436,
0.07585633546113968,
0.30703312158584595,
0.908448338508606,
-0.25753363966941833,
0.3802192211151123,
0.28543856739997864,
0.5949913859367371,
-0.19572849571704865,
0.05927877128124237,
-0.3736710846424103,
0.6302069425582886,
-0.27045589685440063,
-0.42971813678741455,
-0.004083846230059862,
-0.4200052320957184,
0.27099016308784485,
0.22579702734947205,
-0.02419387735426426,
-0.39655110239982605,
0.06539921462535858,
-0.6249478459358215,
-0.38270774483680725,
-0.13306711614131927,
-0.0372159369289875,
0.03474528342485428,
0.1687563806772232,
0.6270241141319275,
0.6147489547729492,
0.22808104753494263,
0.3315582275390625,
0.19811388850212097,
0.3815917372703552,
0.17812426388263702,
-0.22581733763217926,
0.44877761602401733,
-0.27163535356521606,
0.607376754283905,
-0.4103381931781769,
0.6762189865112305,
0.07284057885408401,
0.7969507575035095,
-0.07598982751369476,
0.8064974546432495,
-0.05602267012000084,
-0.05964375659823418,
0.09215057641267776,
-0.15088510513305664,
-0.47669386863708496,
-0.24779462814331055,
0.4858727753162384,
-0.7936035394668579,
0.5025489926338196,
0.5492038726806641,
0.1254606693983078,
-0.10386806726455688,
-0.1891649216413498,
-0.6194078326225281,
-0.6238452196121216,
-0.0481320358812809,
0.40805092453956604,
-0.5659791231155396,
0.34378740191459656,
-0.33770978450775146,
-0.3283805549144745,
-0.9060602188110352,
-0.6726240515708923,
0.9777048826217651,
0.2553468942642212,
-0.13454070687294006,
-0.19872775673866272,
-0.26830020546913147,
-0.34166425466537476,
0.2627926170825958,
0.2764052450656891,
0.4804973900318146,
-1.026787281036377,
-1.0504064559936523,
-0.6439685821533203,
-0.03672410920262337,
0.12974241375923157,
-0.5118530988693237,
-0.042509499937295914,
-0.3683854639530182,
0.3245229721069336,
0.08793191611766815,
0.5125946998596191,
-0.5528597831726074,
0.961582601070404,
-0.1831722855567932
]
|
123557 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musselshell%2C%20Montana | Musselshell, Montana | Musselshell is an unincorporated village in Musselshell County, Montana, United States. It is also the namesake of a census designated place (CDP) which incorporates the village. The population of the village is unknown, but the population of the entire CDP was 60 at the 2010 census and 2000 census. The village is located near the Musselshell River.
In 1866, the Rocky Mountain Wagon Road Company built a trading post named Kerchival City. Flooding destroyed the post. The Montana Hide and Fur Company later built a post and warehouse on the site and renamed it Musselshell.
Geography
Musselshell is located at (46.516983, -108.090297). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all of it land.
CDP Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 60 people, 28 households, and 22 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 23.4 people per square mile (9.0/km2). There were 49 housing units at an average density of 19.1 per square mile (7.4/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 100.00% White.
There were 28 households, out of which 17.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 71.4% were married couples living together, and 21.4% were non-families. 21.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.45.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 16.7% under the age of 18, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 33.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 106.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.3 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $23,750, and the median income for a family was $24,219. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $17,500 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $8,501. There were 17.4% of families and 23.5% of the population living below the poverty line, including 36.8% of under eighteens and 21.1% of those over 64.
References
Census-designated places in Musselshell County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.14694896340370178,
1.002691388130188,
-0.021151017397642136,
-0.5469065308570862,
0.4389340579509735,
0.018250571563839912,
0.9495939612388611,
0.7468699812889099,
0.2771023213863373,
-0.5147613883018494,
-0.26828330755233765,
0.1176014095544815,
-0.3044929504394531,
1.2508362531661987,
-0.26640433073043823,
0.09277445822954178,
0.08806967735290527,
0.975531816482544,
1.0196324586868286,
-0.190543994307518,
0.2196182757616043,
-0.6788318157196045,
0.46463441848754883,
0.4070036709308624,
0.10329251736402512,
0.38872039318084717,
0.5732064843177795,
0.11868657171726227,
0.003518967190757394,
0.26270461082458496,
-0.31762734055519104,
0.8505904078483582,
-0.48909786343574524,
-0.5030398368835449,
0.06408628821372986,
-0.42350509762763977,
0.418512761592865,
0.3408859968185425,
0.2696800231933594,
-0.4182779788970947,
-0.3976658582687378,
0.11941489577293396,
0.30977287888526917,
-0.26119133830070496,
0.4878638982772827,
-0.694168746471405,
-1.4410693645477295,
0.07405954599380493,
-1.0188846588134766,
-0.6062886714935303,
-0.6155250668525696,
-0.43330276012420654,
0.6128444075584412,
0.04253966733813286,
0.17449398338794708,
0.4884659945964813,
-0.37098172307014465,
0.2886984348297119,
1.0501625537872314,
0.36181455850601196,
-0.36534392833709717,
0.5427133440971375,
-0.05899340659379959,
-0.24915769696235657,
-0.5636026263237,
0.25794416666030884,
-0.11853586882352829,
0.2411329746246338,
-0.035524897277355194,
-0.5897122621536255,
0.006019716616719961,
-0.097475565969944,
-0.183640718460083,
0.5829545259475708,
0.3691265881061554,
0.786890983581543,
-0.7040666937828064,
0.3052848279476166,
-0.37615472078323364,
-0.0355864055454731,
0.03804933652281761,
0.24773137271404266,
0.5685754418373108,
0.3001657724380493,
0.053351160138845444,
0.14812521636486053,
-0.5905771255493164,
0.028734583407640457,
0.10590050369501114,
0.9275760054588318,
-0.5959064364433289,
-0.38857898116111755,
-0.11482766270637512,
-0.29539135098457336,
0.14334586262702942,
0.028820792213082314,
-0.1989929974079132,
0.7645361423492432,
-0.3426801562309265,
0.7144715189933777,
-0.34513917565345764,
-0.013716800138354301,
0.9575532078742981,
-0.17214752733707428,
-0.617479145526886,
-0.6091737747192383,
-1.0662777423858643,
-0.332311749458313,
0.17152951657772064,
-0.7817323803901672,
-0.21145370602607727,
0.590583086013794,
-0.17348960041999817,
-0.6376509666442871,
-0.3572682738304138,
0.665908932685852,
-0.004036922473460436,
-0.6437948346138,
-0.007268032990396023,
-0.006682195235043764,
0.2518877685070038,
0.355840802192688,
-0.4031047523021698,
-0.2854030132293701,
-0.298118531703949,
0.6921291947364807,
0.6629253029823303,
-0.2749781012535095,
0.3112333416938782,
0.6249665021896362,
-0.36356282234191895,
1.129217505455017,
0.03738292679190636,
0.18790225684642792,
-0.27050042152404785,
-0.7049273252487183,
0.16378073394298553,
-0.6233047842979431,
0.4602523744106293,
0.24137018620967865,
-0.3446945250034332,
-0.21901029348373413,
-0.9675263166427612,
-0.260468989610672,
0.44341403245925903,
-0.2021622210741043,
-0.06419991701841354,
-0.8327706456184387,
0.1795295625925064,
0.12025559693574905,
0.19277815520763397,
0.06196453049778938,
0.001893343753181398,
0.5824477672576904,
0.18014243245124817,
-0.06984709948301315,
0.2952343225479126,
0.45839911699295044,
0.5231773853302002,
0.5810461044311523,
-0.07656177878379822,
0.9512873888015747,
0.684346079826355,
0.09454268962144852,
0.6044955849647522,
-0.23868371546268463,
0.7853759527206421,
-0.6502918004989624,
0.015091645531356335,
0.6017621755599976,
-0.37183165550231934,
0.7910439372062683,
0.8681719899177551,
-0.27893558144569397,
0.45506805181503296,
-0.7625336050987244,
1.0128244161605835,
0.2802804708480835,
-0.008881280198693275,
-0.25471311807632446,
-0.8091381192207336,
0.25789639353752136,
0.028885073959827423,
0.03743213042616844,
-0.028173217549920082,
-0.05271105468273163,
0.6744946837425232,
-0.1388084441423416,
-0.37698885798454285,
-0.7013257741928101,
-0.6652690172195435,
-1.050068736076355,
0.8173006176948547,
0.06701035797595978,
0.8432492613792419,
0.03822953999042511,
-0.19909226894378662,
0.4454602301120758,
-0.25923624634742737,
0.46136289834976196,
-0.2079014927148819,
-0.1950194388628006,
0.3658565580844879,
-0.7134175300598145,
-0.6635397672653198,
0.8350076675415039,
0.2727597951889038,
-0.40892499685287476,
0.29221659898757935,
0.6170887351036072,
0.6266043186187744,
-0.3464634120464325,
-0.28955844044685364,
0.37260568141937256,
-0.5733603835105896,
-0.6571221947669983,
-0.030376728624105453,
-0.08832279592752457,
0.05953499302268028,
-0.3180476427078247,
0.5584018230438232,
0.09182321280241013,
-0.021067706868052483,
-0.09220729023218155,
-0.35442712903022766,
0.22197267413139343,
0.6185911893844604,
0.3381303548812866,
-0.5709825158119202,
-0.1982620507478714,
0.7463760375976562,
-0.2274359166622162,
0.3143117427825928,
-0.13886034488677979,
-0.15235452353954315,
0.05359187349677086,
-0.2956811487674713,
-0.28218045830726624,
0.31056588888168335,
-0.3721100986003876,
0.018681127578020096,
0.2644144594669342,
-0.47269079089164734,
0.3600479066371918,
0.1445298194885254,
0.688965380191803,
-0.020926203578710556,
-0.09083625674247742,
-0.06060245260596275,
-0.5382146835327148,
0.2843453288078308,
0.19209890067577362,
0.48031139373779297,
-0.28487488627433777,
0.44035086035728455,
0.1320374310016632,
-0.22264572978019714,
0.18743175268173218,
0.22701629996299744,
0.03334042802453041,
-0.20026525855064392,
0.17893242835998535,
-0.3648439049720764,
0.07261133939027786,
0.1542273312807083,
-0.44160041213035583,
-0.40782034397125244,
-0.41855141520500183,
-0.4561242163181305,
0.8455992341041565,
0.6313441395759583,
-0.185817152261734,
-0.33625608682632446,
-0.33053144812583923,
0.7284057140350342,
0.37925878167152405,
-0.37948453426361084,
-0.261881560087204,
-0.8771606683731079,
0.2572231888771057,
0.3514488637447357,
1.1465802192687988,
-0.17560259997844696,
0.23263388872146606,
-0.20948976278305054,
-0.5704739689826965,
1.0078068971633911,
-0.0285758376121521,
-0.555194616317749,
0.06840268522500992,
0.07437878847122192,
0.047544967383146286,
-0.5039628148078918,
0.5900959372520447,
-0.7454726696014404,
0.08459338545799255,
0.041274040937423706,
-0.25774919986724854,
0.6086503863334656,
-0.6713951826095581,
-0.44076788425445557,
0.2923320531845093,
-1.1766691207885742,
0.29544293880462646,
-0.1525871753692627,
-0.4838999807834625,
0.32996973395347595,
-0.41752398014068604,
-4.38789176940918,
0.5365386605262756,
-0.3289951682090759,
-0.7231519818305969,
0.21705685555934906,
-0.3105457127094269,
0.3628334403038025,
-0.5818421244621277,
-0.1696256846189499,
0.5675888061523438,
-0.09851545840501785,
-0.07244967669248581,
0.24911461770534515,
0.6648388504981995,
0.8699618577957153,
-0.06459139287471771,
0.4801548719406128,
-0.2068421095609665,
0.2467777281999588,
0.06665052473545074,
-0.18025176227092743,
0.3431500494480133,
0.021850137040019035,
0.0442352369427681,
0.9246772527694702,
0.6390511393547058,
0.02823786251246929,
-0.25778883695602417,
-0.7324158549308777,
-0.3112073838710785,
0.1394256204366684,
0.03978336602449417,
-0.40265777707099915,
-0.3686589002609253,
-0.2342027723789215,
-0.4070224463939667,
-0.015838168561458588,
-0.21200953423976898,
1.02878737449646,
-0.26992160081863403,
0.1948702335357666,
0.5908883213996887,
-0.7323419451713562,
-0.37560588121414185,
0.8116452693939209,
-0.04809032008051872,
-0.37743428349494934,
-0.1989182084798813,
0.025971071794629097,
1.075391411781311,
0.10712140053510666,
0.1975700706243515,
0.948154091835022,
0.5503473281860352,
0.6790112257003784,
-0.3932815492153168,
-0.18483440577983856,
0.0029806909151375294,
-0.5659438967704773,
0.6982493996620178,
0.35503464937210083,
-0.8494398593902588,
-0.1257992833852768,
0.20049527287483215,
0.014847945421934128,
-1.0806959867477417,
0.17800350487232208,
0.3005528151988983,
-0.06841444224119186,
0.09676797688007355,
0.1960310935974121,
0.3330400586128235,
-0.30799418687820435,
-0.727064847946167,
0.17053696513175964,
-0.7942176461219788,
-0.3281766474246979,
0.05812356248497963,
-0.9093319773674011,
-0.09509306401014328,
-0.01468371506780386,
0.06713427603244781,
0.20313629508018494,
0.9330320358276367,
0.5827128887176514,
-0.7024664878845215,
-0.16778185963630676,
-0.1804429143667221,
-0.554415762424469,
-1.1354953050613403,
0.5305117964744568,
-0.19953079521656036,
0.26689887046813965,
-0.5489386320114136,
-0.31655600666999817,
0.05890324339270592,
0.8280763030052185,
-0.22469444572925568,
-0.28362923860549927,
-0.4862135052680969,
0.5012004971504211,
-0.4414599537849426,
0.2605113089084625,
-0.33682650327682495,
-0.245785653591156,
-0.5619560480117798,
0.13484542071819305,
0.6036403179168701,
0.8900233507156372,
-0.5545095801353455,
-0.511713445186615,
-0.010861072689294815,
-0.6232946515083313,
0.017898866906762123,
-0.04013177007436752,
-0.2541919946670532,
-0.7547521591186523,
0.28496044874191284,
0.5495871305465698,
0.6919131875038147,
0.0880093201994896,
-0.3384208083152771,
0.0428997203707695,
-0.18486246466636658,
-0.038132403045892715,
-0.41472235321998596,
1.3878240585327148,
-0.13684380054473877,
-0.5804454684257507,
-0.06542117893695831,
-0.23709408938884735,
-0.047464512288570404,
-1.0225694179534912,
-0.28236839175224304,
-0.33548083901405334,
-0.15633094310760498,
-0.8380562663078308,
-0.42475321888923645,
0.5333108901977539,
0.5971276164054871,
0.3910999000072479,
0.45809873938560486,
-0.6408777236938477,
0.5046764016151428,
-0.4409494996070862,
0.9665024876594543,
0.5571011304855347,
-0.21685270965099335,
-1.159372091293335,
0.45980218052864075,
-1.18353271484375,
-0.43327608704566956,
-0.27255648374557495,
-0.7337983846664429,
0.5757766962051392,
-0.12942345440387726,
-0.0760861188173294,
0.5298570394515991,
0.22172297537326813,
-0.35338038206100464,
0.3082261383533478,
-0.014363080263137817,
-0.6742581129074097,
1.370362639427185,
-0.34623846411705017,
-0.28327706456184387,
-0.4321053624153137,
-0.03617472946643829,
-0.7920473217964172,
0.5797271728515625,
0.7761308550834656,
-0.24565450847148895,
-0.26887932419776917,
-0.09744491428136826,
0.4182649254798889,
-0.02637445367872715,
-0.258483350276947,
0.2596975564956665,
0.2710826098918915,
-0.2943331003189087,
-0.228994682431221,
-0.032371506094932556,
-0.4376148283481598,
-0.12587587535381317,
0.17014025151729584,
-0.6607596278190613,
-0.28102245926856995,
-0.11159727722406387,
-0.18498605489730835,
0.1824919432401657,
0.1793234646320343,
-0.424670934677124,
0.3288934528827667,
-0.0050753699615597725,
-0.07639747112989426,
-0.9404216408729553,
0.21741119027137756,
0.3043123781681061,
-0.16972880065441132,
-0.8021029233932495,
0.39807119965553284,
0.5110315680503845,
-0.2848268747329712,
0.3123123347759247,
-0.2517881989479065,
-1.1975566148757935,
0.482642263174057,
1.0080931186676025,
-0.8243421912193298,
1.2637524604797363,
-0.23467986285686493,
-1.1005170345306396,
0.9594386219978333,
0.7437530159950256,
-0.00802264828234911,
0.11048953235149384,
0.7131373286247253,
0.4259862005710602,
-0.4549146890640259,
-0.2437569797039032,
-0.015553539618849754,
0.08178921788930893,
-0.24394549429416656,
-0.813554584980011,
-0.7418157458305359,
0.5853316783905029,
-0.2566254436969757,
-0.29660627245903015,
1.3478461503982544,
-0.9587795734405518,
0.050411686301231384,
0.42267200350761414,
0.3303927183151245,
0.1429634988307953,
0.8657626509666443,
0.2018297165632248,
-0.550179123878479,
-0.06544347107410431,
0.4879525601863861,
-0.21433790028095245,
0.280452698469162,
0.9637830853462219,
0.7959532141685486,
-0.5678992867469788,
-0.5543052554130554,
0.14323486387729645,
0.6514248847961426,
0.16772203147411346,
-1.1382906436920166,
0.9296807646751404,
0.6935833096504211,
-0.5103093385696411,
-0.6876009106636047,
-0.12090542167425156,
1.531903624534607,
-0.3151538670063019,
-0.13468322157859802,
1.02876877784729,
-0.16046938300132751,
0.4153352677822113,
0.25015249848365784,
0.1805497258901596,
-0.10310208052396774,
0.4875730574131012,
0.5680222511291504,
-0.3104105591773987,
0.11846330016851425,
-0.43577027320861816,
0.23348647356033325,
-1.1035326719284058,
-0.1645839363336563,
-0.25438493490219116,
0.09471109509468079,
-0.0005220438470132649,
-0.5300994515419006,
0.24736523628234863,
0.18800431489944458,
-1.1783593893051147,
-0.7371137738227844,
-0.2677854001522064,
-0.25292661786079407,
-0.3850539028644562,
-0.04130781814455986,
-0.37030258774757385,
0.3885371685028076,
-0.9710238575935364,
-0.4208323061466217,
0.13596345484256744,
-0.885988712310791,
0.19160382449626923,
-0.8601338267326355,
-0.31041908264160156,
-0.13158994913101196,
-0.5473646521568298,
0.09901778399944305,
0.5554646253585815,
0.11776963621377945,
-0.08705441653728485,
-0.6124041676521301,
-0.10276878625154495,
-0.8048216104507446,
0.867726743221283,
-0.16526617109775543,
-0.7254233956336975,
0.5803446769714355,
-0.007756541483104229,
-0.7687292695045471,
-0.33962804079055786,
0.16525909304618835,
0.4384441077709198,
-0.023815345019102097,
0.134657084941864,
0.11121740937232971,
0.6695313453674316,
-0.3858063817024231,
0.5208883285522461,
-0.04411763325333595,
-0.5768100023269653,
-0.42056727409362793,
0.46517834067344666,
-0.8830738067626953,
0.1286020427942276,
0.9692711234092712,
0.8076382875442505,
-0.10167250782251358,
1.4720159769058228,
-0.3637228012084961,
0.42156165838241577,
0.12065733969211578,
0.42343831062316895,
-0.3308050036430359,
-0.983586847782135,
-0.8457192182540894,
0.05362555757164955,
-0.9412537217140198,
-0.22294723987579346,
-0.13654334843158722,
-0.416997492313385,
-0.6191272139549255,
0.19004087150096893,
0.25865185260772705,
0.3087846040725708,
0.027123207226395607,
-0.17738939821720123,
0.35462719202041626,
-0.4933250844478607,
-0.1699477732181549,
0.3799123167991638,
0.5318776369094849,
-0.5644256472587585,
-0.1551683098077774,
-0.4030865728855133,
-0.2874109447002411,
-0.9893231987953186,
-0.3417293429374695,
0.038280751556158066,
0.1814403086900711,
-0.7640502452850342,
-0.6454629898071289,
-0.23395754396915436,
0.08658653497695923,
-0.8857014775276184,
0.4303840398788452,
-0.2069161832332611,
0.2669695317745209,
-0.48915913701057434,
0.3418787121772766,
-0.4360702931880951,
0.004555592313408852,
0.9788723587989807,
0.8643227815628052,
0.3177974820137024,
0.20766061544418335,
-0.0012272639432922006,
0.36816543340682983,
0.25876787304878235,
0.051620978862047195,
0.29243987798690796,
-0.28282901644706726,
-0.010742626152932644,
-0.06588251143693924,
0.611844003200531,
-0.3445819318294525,
-0.35065758228302,
-0.0594463124871254,
-0.3211381137371063,
0.005047040060162544,
0.2874338626861572,
0.1264779418706894,
-0.9924169182777405,
0.15263383090496063,
0.04632148519158363,
-0.5872743129730225,
0.0662936344742775,
-0.12319948524236679,
0.0676986500620842,
0.20560899376869202,
0.7312589287757874,
0.307708740234375,
0.48907986283302307,
0.40755850076675415,
0.33033695816993713,
0.29965874552726746,
-0.23773778975009918,
-0.0305064395070076,
0.6974124312400818,
-0.5497126579284668,
0.6352786421775818,
-0.337956964969635,
0.4922025501728058,
0.19721712172031403,
0.5833900570869446,
0.09280694276094437,
0.8442338109016418,
-0.3724919259548187,
-0.18284039199352264,
0.39703109860420227,
-0.4140191972255707,
-0.555312991142273,
-0.339122474193573,
0.11256597191095352,
-0.7712281942367554,
0.47902247309684753,
0.5680583715438843,
-0.045118801295757294,
-0.3466234803199768,
-0.040655456483364105,
-0.08575376868247986,
-0.714198112487793,
0.3141983449459076,
-0.0569302923977375,
-0.7940567135810852,
-0.08673899620771408,
-0.14439530670642853,
-0.33364298939704895,
-0.6507079601287842,
-0.3772755265235901,
1.3804103136062622,
0.7990665435791016,
-0.4670727550983429,
0.14498502016067505,
-0.3588161766529083,
0.15092188119888306,
0.5531505346298218,
-0.6888774037361145,
0.7253221869468689,
-0.9626506567001343,
-0.9945923686027527,
-0.28154122829437256,
0.40217718482017517,
-0.09002556651830673,
-0.5217834115028381,
-0.11803901195526123,
-0.29984742403030396,
0.32602301239967346,
0.38887158036231995,
0.325030118227005,
-0.9186525940895081,
0.8649481534957886,
-0.28221389651298523
]
|
123558 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roundup%2C%20Montana | Roundup, Montana | Roundup is a city in and the county seat of Musselshell County, Montana, United States. The population was 1,742 during the 2020 census.
History
Roundup served as a place for cattlemen to "round up" their cattle along the Musselshell River. It was the trailhead in the Great Montana Centennial Cattle Drive and now drives happen annually.
The post office opened in 1883. In 1907, the Milwaukee Road reached Roundup.
The area has coal mines, which combined with the agriculture, maintained the economy of the town. The Musselshell Valley Historical Museum captures the coal history as well as fossils and Indian artifacts.
From Hell to Breakfast in Old Montana, by Leland Blanchard, tells the story of pioneers who lived and worked in Roundup in the early 1900s.
Roundup is a hub in Amazon.com's supply chain with a growing industry of prep centers, or businesses that specialize in packing goods to meet the requirements of Amazon's highly automated warehouses.
Geography and climate
Roundup is located at (46.448401, -108.542676). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.
The Musselshell River runs through the city. Roundup is bordered to the south by the Bull Mountains which rise from the great plains over a hundred miles east of the front range of the Rocky Mountains.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,788 people, 814 households, and 445 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 973 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 95.7% White, 0.3% African American, 1.3% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 4.1% of the population.
There were 814 households, of which 26.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.5% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.3% were non-families. 40.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17 and the average family size was 2.94.
The median age in the city was 43.6 years. 23.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.2% were from 25 to 44; 31.6% were from 45 to 64; and 16.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.0% male and 52.0% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,931 people, 833 households, and 498 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,437.8 people per square mile (556.4/km). There were 978 housing units at an average density of 728.2 per square mile (281.8/km). The racial makeup of the city was 97.05% White, 0.16% African American, 0.78% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.47% from other races, and 1.45% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 2.74% of the population.
There were 833 households, out of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.9% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.1% were non-families. 36.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.96.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 22.6% from 45 to 64, and 21.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 87.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $23,144, and the median income for a family was $31,129. Males had a median income of $25,875 versus $17,011 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,123. About 13.7% of families and 20.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.4% of those under age 18 and 14.7% of those age 65 or over.
Infrastructure
Roundup Airport is a public use airport located two miles (4 km) north of town.
Education
Roundup School District educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. Roundup High School's team name is the Panthers.
Roundup School-Community Library is a public library which serves the area.
Notable people
Earl W. Bascom, rodeo pioneer, hall of fame inductee, "father of modern rodeo", cowboy artist and cousin to Charles M. Russell, worked on roundup on the Seven Crowfoot Ranch
Donald Lee Bujok, convicted murderer and suspect in the Zodiac Killer mystery. Also a possible ring leader in the 1959 Deer Lodge Prison riot.
Richard Cebull, Chief Judge, United States District Court for the District of Montana, born and raised in Roundup
Lieutenant General (Retired) Paul E. "Butch" Funk, EdD, commanded III Corps and Fort Hood, Texas from 1993 to 1995; commanded the 3rd Armored Division "Spearhead" during Operation Desert Storm; born and raised in Roundup
Richard Gathercole, “AK-47 bandit”, linked to several bank robberies and police shootings across the U.S.
Bill Holm, art historian, born in Roundup
John Milkovich, member of the Louisiana State Senate; lawyer in Shreveport, Louisiana; reared in Roundup
Lee Steen, outsider artist, lived most of his life and worked in Roundup
References
External links
City of Roundup
Cities in Musselshell County, Montana
County seats in Montana
Cities in Montana | [
-0.11137464642524719,
1.0505225658416748,
0.10073909908533096,
-0.4249674379825592,
0.22766433656215668,
0.7378591299057007,
0.9028390049934387,
0.6559407711029053,
-0.19381268322467804,
0.23660556972026825,
-0.07681059837341309,
-0.08644630014896393,
-0.5263505578041077,
0.8000472784042358,
-0.7628036141395569,
0.23804186284542084,
0.44551461935043335,
0.3104989528656006,
0.7405210733413696,
-0.09473487734794617,
0.18142104148864746,
-0.5824370980262756,
0.048091914504766464,
0.5191689133644104,
0.08479596674442291,
0.8454116582870483,
0.4326445460319519,
0.38254448771476746,
-0.3750247061252594,
0.03449175879359245,
-0.20825834572315216,
0.4799681603908539,
-0.37885868549346924,
0.008808252401649952,
0.3437589406967163,
-0.03640478476881981,
0.35887911915779114,
0.16468778252601624,
0.3748585879802704,
-0.13998976349830627,
-0.13419309258460999,
-0.1804744005203247,
-0.06350132822990417,
-0.10274553298950195,
-0.2429940551519394,
-0.7128439545631409,
-1.2998847961425781,
0.7522785067558289,
-1.137638807296753,
-0.5326473116874695,
-0.6927540898323059,
-0.10574410855770111,
0.16319096088409424,
0.3208082616329193,
0.6027127504348755,
0.4814032316207886,
-0.22344370186328888,
0.2965250611305237,
0.2807793915271759,
0.6129603385925293,
-0.8504470586776733,
0.3329216241836548,
0.4629322290420532,
-0.14861555397510529,
-0.23418428003787994,
0.04535786807537079,
-0.17321988940238953,
0.5882228016853333,
0.04972856491804123,
-0.4418469965457916,
-0.13156554102897644,
-0.17901265621185303,
-0.22744426131248474,
0.8573768138885498,
0.04639213904738426,
0.7020061016082764,
-0.6790770888328552,
0.24312736093997955,
-0.12390317767858505,
0.30696403980255127,
-0.04895731434226036,
-0.038609493523836136,
0.4299399256706238,
-0.361194908618927,
0.36806023120880127,
-0.019460827112197876,
-0.9047881960868835,
-0.2794899344444275,
0.20212583243846893,
1.0075054168701172,
-0.6426315307617188,
-0.3472645580768585,
-0.08041932433843613,
-0.1299346387386322,
-0.2748483121395111,
-0.7896723747253418,
-0.41814514994621277,
0.8033081293106079,
-0.4578416645526886,
-0.025985779240727425,
-0.45521241426467896,
-0.25000500679016113,
1.7723387479782104,
0.007379807531833649,
-0.2970227599143982,
-0.5079975724220276,
-0.8927008509635925,
-0.609041690826416,
0.06586815416812897,
-0.0071687824092805386,
-0.046232737600803375,
0.4330092966556549,
0.16224274039268494,
-0.28767943382263184,
-0.1917930245399475,
0.38925960659980774,
-0.19055905938148499,
-0.4421519935131073,
-0.12232723832130432,
-0.4577485918998718,
0.2888033986091614,
0.6486610174179077,
-0.4792451560497284,
0.2550790011882782,
-0.07736741751432419,
0.39585578441619873,
0.557793140411377,
0.3020702600479126,
0.04579174891114235,
0.4524923264980316,
-0.9684241414070129,
0.9740581512451172,
-0.29275715351104736,
0.43681105971336365,
-0.004589826799929142,
-0.7034372091293335,
-0.3298112452030182,
-0.4857232868671417,
0.41262087225914,
-0.21020939946174622,
-0.3975644111633301,
0.12760348618030548,
-0.18364886939525604,
-0.019592776894569397,
0.2702373266220093,
0.18735595047473907,
0.2056816965341568,
-1.0018852949142456,
-0.14174404740333557,
-0.19556044042110443,
0.06870453804731369,
0.03126358613371849,
0.5625388026237488,
0.7716599702835083,
0.33672481775283813,
-0.022342653945088387,
0.2666928768157959,
0.04365858808159828,
0.45519736409187317,
0.3359280824661255,
0.041861072182655334,
1.1949089765548706,
1.2728701829910278,
-0.22272612154483795,
0.32083335518836975,
-0.3171669840812683,
1.0167484283447266,
-0.7767217755317688,
-0.4052550196647644,
0.019021574407815933,
-0.34801825881004333,
0.7055202126502991,
0.79967200756073,
-0.03285681828856468,
0.5338847041130066,
-0.832648754119873,
0.8624069094657898,
0.20538704097270966,
-0.2040579468011856,
-0.18634021282196045,
-0.813665509223938,
0.6007530689239502,
-0.035379115492105484,
0.278192937374115,
-0.05892189219594002,
-0.03305452689528465,
0.4534252882003784,
-0.18323804438114166,
-0.4084802567958832,
-0.7831118702888489,
-0.5305750370025635,
-0.4293077290058136,
0.19031581282615662,
0.14550386369228363,
0.5542076826095581,
-0.060772012919187546,
0.19799178838729858,
0.6359155178070068,
0.2309599667787552,
0.237253800034523,
0.03132900968194008,
-0.14872044324874878,
0.5913608074188232,
-0.832798957824707,
-0.37399011850357056,
0.3168410658836365,
0.4503795802593231,
0.11849486082792282,
0.6493645310401917,
1.0802730321884155,
0.3948974013328552,
-0.6300025582313538,
-0.4768794775009155,
0.9234586358070374,
-0.7775810360908508,
0.17919401824474335,
0.13565640151500702,
0.2652732729911804,
0.24114073812961578,
-0.2642228305339813,
0.5728240609169006,
-0.12842682003974915,
-0.178999662399292,
-0.16460469365119934,
-0.10658235102891922,
0.4121667444705963,
0.7214688658714294,
0.11079788208007812,
-0.1809656023979187,
-0.23203517496585846,
0.5496819019317627,
-0.34763044118881226,
0.3151354193687439,
-0.3125576376914978,
-0.18149219453334808,
-0.17549195885658264,
-0.3927900195121765,
-0.38114413619041443,
0.676665186882019,
-0.8106210827827454,
0.11476050317287445,
-0.23033426702022552,
-0.43850091099739075,
-0.17579005658626556,
0.4260869324207306,
0.3218047022819519,
-0.2282392531633377,
0.01641448214650154,
-0.20314031839370728,
-0.5960495471954346,
0.7710011601448059,
0.0799604058265686,
0.17430825531482697,
-0.1624101996421814,
-0.35588547587394714,
-0.4621705114841461,
0.03404804691672325,
-0.033373940736055374,
0.5696510076522827,
0.061469607055187225,
0.0641045942902565,
0.046920306980609894,
-0.26380279660224915,
-0.02442951314151287,
0.16860562562942505,
-0.8957531452178955,
-0.9165909290313721,
-0.2683718502521515,
-0.44055548310279846,
0.9035089015960693,
0.37615734338760376,
-0.007404653821140528,
-0.09104125946760178,
0.42991235852241516,
0.6756899356842041,
-0.18773595988750458,
-0.7443091869354248,
-0.08906013518571854,
-1.4104424715042114,
-0.19498774409294128,
0.6014030575752258,
0.8008102774620056,
-0.435872346162796,
-0.25711095333099365,
-0.57486891746521,
-0.9738922119140625,
0.5504419207572937,
0.09037231653928757,
-0.7829835414886475,
-0.001102373586036265,
-0.30254417657852173,
-0.26911699771881104,
-0.04652121663093567,
0.24094055593013763,
-0.18096791207790375,
0.06296060234308243,
0.5669893622398376,
-0.06780324131250381,
0.47945141792297363,
-0.5370529890060425,
-0.17412811517715454,
0.5237929224967957,
-0.7175989151000977,
-0.12965545058250427,
-0.18736383318901062,
-0.31651291251182556,
0.21943455934524536,
-0.6399983167648315,
-4.581043243408203,
0.7827348113059998,
-0.449729323387146,
-1.1786917448043823,
0.055618707090616226,
-0.7270104289054871,
0.29263994097709656,
-0.18199039995670319,
0.022595984861254692,
0.4951835870742798,
-0.09733154624700546,
-0.1380983591079712,
0.0951070636510849,
0.4975699782371521,
0.8077685236930847,
0.1541338562965393,
0.6166262030601501,
0.14104095101356506,
0.4653926491737366,
0.6947237253189087,
-0.24302871525287628,
0.345274955034256,
-0.3606192469596863,
0.2640065848827362,
0.569638729095459,
0.6614697575569153,
0.21178790926933289,
-0.5117406249046326,
-0.6810845732688904,
-0.39158743619918823,
-0.07213881611824036,
0.2825098931789398,
-0.3886373043060303,
-0.23439423739910126,
-0.07745135575532913,
-0.5368809700012207,
0.104120172560215,
-0.4289296567440033,
0.7306787967681885,
-0.48905250430107117,
0.57393878698349,
0.370786190032959,
-0.25517791509628296,
-0.2204112559556961,
1.0529260635375977,
0.020502500236034393,
-0.04036913812160492,
-0.1890033483505249,
-0.32105064392089844,
0.7462525367736816,
0.6603243350982666,
0.35492733120918274,
0.6200272440910339,
0.015159804373979568,
0.48066985607147217,
-0.24350689351558685,
0.11471051722764969,
0.4115155339241028,
-0.7092901468276978,
0.3920900821685791,
-0.02920668013393879,
-0.5233322978019714,
-0.29911068081855774,
0.36218833923339844,
0.16150712966918945,
-0.9427034258842468,
0.09658817946910858,
0.155952587723732,
0.24192415177822113,
-0.17774957418441772,
0.35348746180534363,
0.5146371126174927,
-0.5345277786254883,
-0.38019275665283203,
0.44490599632263184,
-0.8732708096504211,
-0.36303016543388367,
0.1682683229446411,
-1.0137377977371216,
-0.04542171582579613,
-0.041867196559906006,
0.18896284699440002,
0.6725252866744995,
0.3499186336994171,
0.8082753419876099,
-0.08601727336645126,
-0.3277941644191742,
0.0838221088051796,
0.007965609431266785,
-1.0267187356948853,
1.046250343322754,
-0.18887168169021606,
0.6080173850059509,
-0.3255379796028137,
-0.33224374055862427,
0.22515957057476044,
0.46345385909080505,
0.10077575594186783,
0.07960820198059082,
-0.42676758766174316,
0.47504281997680664,
-0.48796653747558594,
-0.019864201545715332,
-0.28314754366874695,
-0.49136096239089966,
-0.22563783824443817,
-0.025827966630458832,
0.327955037355423,
0.9676737785339355,
-0.5944716334342957,
-0.6522679924964905,
0.09412983804941177,
-0.265677809715271,
-0.31320950388908386,
-0.0009487026836723089,
0.24143554270267487,
-0.4872463345527649,
0.0711788684129715,
0.3310984969139099,
0.5066347718238831,
0.06263857334852219,
-0.3903052806854248,
-0.3907165825366974,
0.1115136593580246,
0.10218590497970581,
-0.19083333015441895,
0.35925137996673584,
-0.45914214849472046,
-0.16661225259304047,
0.293335884809494,
-0.3112201392650604,
-0.15658117830753326,
-0.19853107631206512,
-0.19118762016296387,
-0.49033233523368835,
0.07822923362255096,
-0.9569041728973389,
-0.8418826460838318,
0.5883992314338684,
0.6158505082130432,
0.35728132724761963,
0.35999444127082825,
-0.21907657384872437,
0.5953464508056641,
-0.37100332975387573,
0.6600413918495178,
0.1581997573375702,
-0.25369733572006226,
-1.3877427577972412,
0.4589347839355469,
-0.8865575790405273,
-0.7354140281677246,
-0.2190353274345398,
-1.0799281597137451,
0.27592968940734863,
0.4309174120426178,
-0.035478703677654266,
0.8357998728752136,
0.42964237928390503,
-0.21090421080589294,
0.17699401080608368,
-0.2834029793739319,
-0.276231586933136,
0.6222919225692749,
-0.16500438749790192,
-0.14807426929473877,
-0.19268305599689484,
-0.0664769783616066,
-0.5302706360816956,
0.5938981175422668,
0.6743004322052002,
-0.2683572471141815,
-0.4709841310977936,
-0.10061898827552795,
0.40647441148757935,
-0.24303090572357178,
-0.052147116512060165,
0.29834094643592834,
0.36773213744163513,
0.002077291253954172,
-0.2928530275821686,
-0.4736580550670624,
-0.5201905965805054,
-0.06687314063310623,
-0.04310384765267372,
-0.3134916424751282,
-0.014346185140311718,
-0.16565293073654175,
-0.12946121394634247,
0.31903332471847534,
-0.11589363217353821,
-0.06362929940223694,
0.09528382867574692,
-0.10138644278049469,
-0.4904109835624695,
-1.1725525856018066,
0.07247117906808853,
-0.4534311294555664,
-0.4285094738006592,
-0.7785477042198181,
0.03235415369272232,
0.3503665030002594,
-0.20936889946460724,
0.241316556930542,
0.2974179983139038,
-0.7090405225753784,
0.5767054557800293,
0.6611433029174805,
-0.49082088470458984,
0.75058513879776,
0.013455236330628395,
-0.8593815565109253,
0.5527662634849548,
0.9634233713150024,
-0.270531564950943,
0.22177767753601074,
0.5155640244483948,
0.13993020355701447,
-0.7389510869979858,
-0.20155034959316254,
-0.3024498224258423,
-0.29662203788757324,
-0.40987324714660645,
-0.09212268143892288,
-0.35520604252815247,
0.45920953154563904,
0.15245647728443146,
-0.5746740698814392,
0.8225219249725342,
-0.8012106418609619,
-0.2016444206237793,
0.08267364650964737,
0.09886373579502106,
0.43836236000061035,
0.4994354844093323,
0.2308627814054489,
-0.5710172653198242,
-0.053962454199790955,
0.36758631467819214,
-0.16013115644454956,
0.35517418384552,
1.5457751750946045,
0.6023748517036438,
-0.17333130538463593,
-0.661981463432312,
-0.11218664795160294,
0.6063368320465088,
0.12086238712072372,
-1.1770057678222656,
1.0535740852355957,
1.0403592586517334,
-0.5395391583442688,
-0.5765281319618225,
-0.3690234124660492,
0.9056276679039001,
-0.46932122111320496,
-0.2522466778755188,
0.9021368622779846,
-0.11883867532014847,
0.4861074984073639,
0.4339815378189087,
0.24894745647907257,
0.4144492745399475,
0.07126501202583313,
0.6477464437484741,
0.0433519072830677,
-0.17729832231998444,
-0.3961675763130188,
0.5746812224388123,
-1.1903955936431885,
-0.2665790021419525,
-0.05730990692973137,
0.10112336277961731,
-0.46414321660995483,
-0.16574053466320038,
0.3699433207511902,
0.028522690758109093,
-0.6822698712348938,
-0.4018770456314087,
-0.01456310972571373,
-0.05315011739730835,
0.35249194502830505,
-0.030905140563845634,
-0.4164469540119171,
0.0692925676703453,
-0.9037363529205322,
-0.3082732856273651,
0.18407978117465973,
-1.1081616878509521,
0.2023969441652298,
-0.4486371576786041,
-0.15077216923236847,
-0.05231049284338951,
-0.24979734420776367,
0.05058645084500313,
0.3640070855617523,
0.31814444065093994,
0.7698558568954468,
-0.4178955852985382,
0.873268723487854,
-0.7485724091529846,
0.872166097164154,
-0.1705944538116455,
-0.573957622051239,
-0.015236488543450832,
-0.16312551498413086,
-0.5256811380386353,
-0.8192174434661865,
0.656638503074646,
-0.04529803618788719,
-0.16863830387592316,
0.24416029453277588,
0.3056774437427521,
0.459147572517395,
-0.554505467414856,
0.5346236824989319,
0.3630959093570709,
-0.2467796951532364,
-0.5207144021987915,
0.6408843994140625,
-0.6877614855766296,
-0.5100350975990295,
0.6227770447731018,
0.5745767951011658,
0.10302780568599701,
0.9328472018241882,
-0.2637009918689728,
0.41066959500312805,
0.29857704043388367,
0.6459975838661194,
-0.21913504600524902,
-1.2043988704681396,
-0.17090192437171936,
-0.12106934189796448,
-1.1430350542068481,
0.02229110337793827,
0.14226676523685455,
-0.5393860340118408,
-0.6985409259796143,
-0.09638351202011108,
0.07976718991994858,
0.14297206699848175,
-0.34065598249435425,
0.3408913016319275,
0.3322469890117645,
-0.3551235496997833,
0.09292298555374146,
0.17306813597679138,
0.4731561839580536,
0.011042695492506027,
-0.35725703835487366,
-0.2468465119600296,
-0.11546473205089569,
-0.910139262676239,
-0.3300059139728546,
-0.2507322430610657,
0.21228216588497162,
-0.30416396260261536,
-0.4524707496166229,
0.038135405629873276,
-0.16789478063583374,
-0.8237391114234924,
0.5262907147407532,
0.08890894800424576,
-0.06349782645702362,
-0.5055951476097107,
0.513324499130249,
-0.30585721135139465,
-0.4103686213493347,
1.1820728778839111,
0.29615020751953125,
0.6176501512527466,
0.3004938066005707,
0.24367158114910126,
0.3889562785625458,
0.30067071318626404,
0.3840724527835846,
0.3106277287006378,
-0.38531896471977234,
0.07415051013231277,
-0.2893022298812866,
0.0729648768901825,
-0.14728346467018127,
-0.42999014258384705,
-0.2752160131931305,
-0.6621474623680115,
-0.16047900915145874,
0.21608677506446838,
-0.2931120991706848,
-0.9392150044441223,
0.04900296777486801,
-0.1340187042951584,
-0.6919926404953003,
0.036147963255643845,
0.24265995621681213,
-0.41657784581184387,
0.3271004557609558,
0.45749273896217346,
0.6900086998939514,
0.6142134070396423,
0.17832471430301666,
-0.5253597497940063,
0.4350183606147766,
-0.2229221612215042,
0.5055702924728394,
0.5419939160346985,
-0.25869932770729065,
0.41061705350875854,
-0.9729763865470886,
0.40363502502441406,
-0.15712381899356842,
0.40167689323425293,
-0.20229573547840118,
1.2060365676879883,
-0.6348564028739929,
-0.22909022867679596,
0.6148540377616882,
-0.5134907364845276,
-0.06069409102201462,
-0.36878058314323425,
-0.05596766248345375,
-1.0220423936843872,
0.4553317725658417,
0.6722431182861328,
-0.22469310462474823,
-0.6066073179244995,
-0.06760729104280472,
-0.34019342064857483,
-1.0382323265075684,
0.46961936354637146,
0.20891311764717102,
-0.7043474316596985,
0.23781029880046844,
-0.6748019456863403,
-0.3816360533237457,
-0.672050952911377,
-0.6532226204872131,
1.3892803192138672,
0.3353212773799896,
-0.23880773782730103,
-0.18443158268928528,
-0.203973650932312,
-0.44780826568603516,
0.20032361149787903,
0.8323685526847839,
1.0530667304992676,
-1.0995922088623047,
-0.6898754239082336,
-0.6750262379646301,
0.7217212319374084,
-0.27221930027008057,
-0.3916343152523041,
0.14858028292655945,
-0.4791571795940399,
0.021224142983555794,
0.24494747817516327,
0.5410784482955933,
-0.7181188464164734,
0.9572737812995911,
-0.085504911839962
]
|
123560 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clyde%20Park%2C%20Montana | Clyde Park, Montana | Clyde Park is a town in Park County, Montana, United States. The population was 332 at the 2020 census. Originally known as Sunnyside, the town was renamed in the 1890s.
History
Founded in the 1870s, the present-day site of Clyde Park was founded as Sunnyside by Texas cattlemen who were attracted to the area for grazing their herds. The post office in Sunnyside was established in 1887. In 1887, a post office called Clyde Park was established at the historic Harvey and Tregloan Ranch, where John Harvey owned a Clydesdale horse which he had imported from England in the late 1890s. A stagecoach from Livingston, Montana, reached the town in the 1880s.
In 1901, the Clyde Park post office was merged with Sunnyside, and the town was renamed Clyde Park. However, the reason is unclear. Another source suggests that the town was called Clyde Park in honor of Clyde Durand, a local rancher; or for Harvey's Clydesdale horse. The Harvey and Tregloan Ranch eventually was sold to Robert Shiplet. The present-day Shiplet Ranch has historic barns that date to the 1870s or 80s, and its livestock brand is notably the shape of Montana.
In 1909 the Northern Pacific Railway established a branch line to the town, and in 1912 it incorporated as Clyde Park. That year it was reported to have a bank, a newspaper, a creamery, and an elevator. A major fire burned much of the town in 1919.
Today, Clyde Park is the home of the G Bar M Ranch, a 3,200-acre dude ranch that opened in 1934. The ranch itself dates back to 1900. The town is also home to the Old Settler's Days, an annual celebration of pioneer history. It includes an art show and parade.
Geography
The town is in the Shields River valley. Area farmers have won world prizes for raising grain.
Clyde Park is at (45.884921, -110.603485). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of , all land.
Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Clyde Park has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 288 people, 136 households, and 80 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 153 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 98.3% White, 0.7% Native American, 0.3% Asian, and 0.7% from other races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.0% of the population.
There were 136 households, of which 25.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.8% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.2% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.79.
The median age in the town was 45.8 years. 21.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.6% were from 25 to 44; 36.5% were from 45 to 64; and 14.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 50.7% male and 49.3% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 310 people, including 137 households, and 83 families residing in the town. The population density was 908.9 people per square mile (352.0/km2). There were 157 housing units at an average density of 460.3 per square mile (178.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 100.00% White. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 0.32% of the population.
There were 137 households, out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 3.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.7% were non-families. 35.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.96.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 23.5% from 25 to 44, 30.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 105.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 111.6 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $28,194, and the median income for a family was $35,278. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $20,556 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,646. About 2.2% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.5% of those under age 18 and 11.8% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Shields Valley Public Schools educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. The elementary school is in Wilsall. The Jr/Sr High School is located in Clyde Park. The Shields Valley High School team name is the Rebels.
References
Towns in Park County, Montana
1870s establishments in Montana Territory | [
0.3626619279384613,
0.840716540813446,
0.13515712320804596,
-0.2975063621997833,
0.66041499376297,
-0.08236856758594513,
0.8642399907112122,
0.7501568794250488,
0.6732213497161865,
0.13906259834766388,
0.2451014518737793,
-0.03665263205766678,
-0.3769342005252838,
0.7851501107215881,
-0.5622126460075378,
0.43951454758644104,
-0.0025363541208207607,
1.0705242156982422,
1.1967624425888062,
0.1048070639371872,
0.009972288273274899,
-0.6093036532402039,
0.310797780752182,
0.30571502447128296,
-0.06264753639698029,
0.6373161673545837,
0.5408647656440735,
0.33064308762550354,
-0.27808862924575806,
-0.22376634180545807,
-0.11636680364608765,
0.37449973821640015,
-0.5100067853927612,
-0.2859843373298645,
0.1210901215672493,
0.02796771191060543,
0.13805696368217468,
0.005595051683485508,
0.011710445396602154,
-0.5841363668441772,
-0.33413374423980713,
-0.04764637351036072,
-0.01618444174528122,
-0.4010443091392517,
-0.14727124571800232,
-0.28870534896850586,
-2.041208267211914,
0.3519422709941864,
-0.4212060272693634,
-0.4390227198600769,
-0.49169856309890747,
-0.18860583007335663,
0.18070738017559052,
-0.2055046111345291,
0.32892999053001404,
0.5911451578140259,
-0.19620834290981293,
0.12523360550403595,
0.36718952655792236,
0.13745486736297607,
-0.3035581409931183,
0.258845716714859,
0.4747064709663391,
0.32014450430870056,
-0.15132638812065125,
0.16791728138923645,
-0.17344485223293304,
0.303282231092453,
0.12320530414581299,
-0.4984402656555176,
0.30737027525901794,
0.47380709648132324,
-0.13251283764839172,
0.8318060636520386,
0.07348193973302841,
0.7385867834091187,
-0.9551370739936829,
0.10755311697721481,
-0.23956835269927979,
0.05825537070631981,
-0.05829119682312012,
0.1800670623779297,
0.404347687959671,
-0.11244606971740723,
0.2418559342622757,
-0.016761377453804016,
-0.8289068937301636,
0.16610266268253326,
0.005286418832838535,
0.7271434664726257,
-1.1063919067382812,
-0.16581334173679352,
-0.3183140158653259,
-0.6127983927726746,
-0.4088025689125061,
-0.059126827865839005,
-0.09729791432619095,
0.7081900835037231,
-0.12236083298921585,
0.1726820170879364,
-0.298788845539093,
0.13569776713848114,
0.8362270593643188,
-0.26563936471939087,
-0.8309789299964905,
-0.6788740158081055,
-0.8180956840515137,
-0.4586404263973236,
0.3297722637653351,
-0.06849710643291473,
-0.0970117598772049,
0.3867741823196411,
0.14840340614318848,
-0.5069460272789001,
-0.10906314849853516,
0.6624298691749573,
0.004868620075285435,
-0.3164905309677124,
-0.4346908926963806,
-0.14201772212982178,
0.3164472281932831,
-0.022991320118308067,
-0.564486026763916,
-0.1564870923757553,
-0.2303219437599182,
0.5806362628936768,
0.2151249349117279,
-0.028797226026654243,
0.1371597796678543,
0.1281941831111908,
-0.2550813853740692,
0.7703293561935425,
-0.1366632580757141,
0.3348444104194641,
-0.27840760350227356,
-0.7634254097938538,
-0.06721577048301697,
-0.6955733299255371,
0.5576854944229126,
-0.164932981133461,
0.027630671858787537,
-0.05373462662100792,
-0.12812256813049316,
-0.45454075932502747,
0.5060405731201172,
-0.12484025210142136,
-0.13717308640480042,
-0.7911261320114136,
0.13210074603557587,
-0.2276439219713211,
0.21974027156829834,
-0.05636652186512947,
-0.17397712171077728,
0.7347708940505981,
0.12103798240423203,
0.4274616837501526,
0.3083798885345459,
0.2434491217136383,
0.702629804611206,
0.68122398853302,
0.01440230943262577,
1.5155357122421265,
0.3726430833339691,
0.04752828925848007,
0.49498844146728516,
-0.34909045696258545,
0.7350797057151794,
-0.7036479115486145,
0.06969958543777466,
0.41079285740852356,
-0.6090949177742004,
0.46919023990631104,
0.8552781343460083,
-0.0028350555803626776,
0.5909221172332764,
-0.44228070974349976,
0.3356024920940399,
0.21243292093276978,
-0.08199673146009445,
-0.3474862277507782,
-1.1042077541351318,
0.5989937782287598,
-0.03855694457888603,
0.2099662572145462,
-0.026946311816573143,
-0.09029155969619751,
0.7799460887908936,
-0.3317907452583313,
-0.19137802720069885,
-0.7200584411621094,
-0.7758384943008423,
-0.7278583645820618,
0.7813836336135864,
0.05944507196545601,
0.6616988778114319,
-0.06632792949676514,
0.23413144052028656,
0.12548284232616425,
-0.8394103050231934,
0.4064486026763916,
-0.28559839725494385,
-0.006387281697243452,
0.6565848588943481,
-0.8424964547157288,
-0.043671827763319016,
-0.06996867805719376,
0.26653730869293213,
-0.42153698205947876,
0.8838220238685608,
0.9111281037330627,
0.6576104164123535,
-0.22501736879348755,
0.2256014496088028,
0.26319628953933716,
-0.7481158375740051,
-0.4128239154815674,
-0.22502462565898895,
-0.16006043553352356,
0.2948649227619171,
0.06325487792491913,
0.5625553131103516,
0.5268635749816895,
-0.26032838225364685,
0.11143892258405685,
-0.34889984130859375,
0.22570402920246124,
0.8882809281349182,
0.260244220495224,
-0.17599639296531677,
0.13030081987380981,
0.31936585903167725,
0.04931701347231865,
0.3994171917438507,
-0.41809728741645813,
-0.23605526983737946,
-0.12283482402563095,
-0.3449099659919739,
-0.6401351690292358,
0.09628945589065552,
-0.38115543127059937,
-0.08719296753406525,
-0.04211665689945221,
-0.8155282735824585,
0.19801637530326843,
0.30641883611679077,
0.6018877625465393,
0.047581352293491364,
0.32427549362182617,
-0.024663813412189484,
-0.47035929560661316,
0.17794005572795868,
0.37788820266723633,
0.7664050459861755,
-0.4763409495353699,
0.1789785623550415,
-0.07648111134767532,
-0.05414582043886185,
0.3489227592945099,
0.05231928452849388,
0.048848383128643036,
-0.19402769207954407,
0.3347420394420624,
-0.5413562059402466,
-0.05724817514419556,
0.45400214195251465,
-0.33639079332351685,
-0.5757961869239807,
-0.3787260949611664,
-0.21989423036575317,
0.7007249593734741,
0.5496283769607544,
0.15279707312583923,
-0.32155266404151917,
0.6994346976280212,
0.6360843181610107,
0.020828161388635635,
-0.3569165766239166,
-0.2120765894651413,
-0.7862098217010498,
0.14535929262638092,
0.25748613476753235,
0.8208987712860107,
-0.4020404815673828,
-0.7972362637519836,
-0.39207136631011963,
0.18764904141426086,
0.24334736168384552,
0.08518800884485245,
-0.48836013674736023,
-0.6896809935569763,
-0.16498559713363647,
-0.26070737838745117,
-0.22067071497440338,
0.5827283263206482,
-0.84331876039505,
-0.3448236882686615,
0.5958194136619568,
-0.21344180405139923,
0.9661040306091309,
-0.2043941468000412,
-0.414359450340271,
0.5879064202308655,
-0.8927514553070068,
0.07532772421836853,
0.029393071308732033,
-0.27400076389312744,
0.05228419229388237,
-0.5070571303367615,
-4.389657020568848,
0.35538479685783386,
-0.6202189326286316,
-0.4718065559864044,
0.4365715980529785,
-0.857427179813385,
0.25793200731277466,
-0.24369555711746216,
-0.19215719401836395,
0.281605988740921,
-0.3984828293323517,
-0.3807414770126343,
0.1769101619720459,
0.635500967502594,
0.8924903273582458,
0.11634135246276855,
1.1275819540023804,
0.06462474912405014,
0.5023956894874573,
0.3478577435016632,
-0.7216688394546509,
0.39086148142814636,
-0.3292699158191681,
0.4009121358394623,
0.5918087959289551,
0.9512889981269836,
0.17960309982299805,
-0.45319435000419617,
-0.9671155214309692,
-0.35585400462150574,
-0.0612708255648613,
0.34698137640953064,
-0.6373368501663208,
-0.1854265034198761,
-0.2948019206523895,
-0.06366666406393051,
0.3030627369880676,
-0.5402819514274597,
1.0713332891464233,
-0.1322782188653946,
0.07101824134588242,
-0.07349570840597153,
-0.24192626774311066,
-0.32191202044487,
0.4105297327041626,
-0.23976409435272217,
-0.7011667490005493,
-0.16656851768493652,
-0.2786223292350769,
1.0766501426696777,
0.10063803941011429,
0.2203255444765091,
1.2783710956573486,
0.15058092772960663,
0.4225471615791321,
-0.4991716146469116,
0.02712835744023323,
0.285373717546463,
-0.1455819308757782,
0.4624677002429962,
0.2134229689836502,
-0.8128740787506104,
0.1852848082780838,
0.2964160442352295,
-0.3908957242965698,
-0.9923794269561768,
0.5971692800521851,
-0.10870935022830963,
0.0058428579941391945,
0.3291220963001251,
-0.25443851947784424,
0.6638433933258057,
-0.7029725909233093,
-0.7897362112998962,
0.17139045894145966,
-0.6193360686302185,
-0.4499824345111847,
0.09914273768663406,
-0.9719669222831726,
-0.3810269832611084,
-0.030644511803984642,
0.07635919004678726,
0.3366672098636627,
1.1374685764312744,
0.3202197551727295,
-0.5717739462852478,
0.1851751208305359,
0.014470952562987804,
-0.07333783060312271,
-0.8325327634811401,
0.8697670698165894,
0.3006472885608673,
0.2753501534461975,
-0.2361198514699936,
-0.26805955171585083,
-0.07641921937465668,
0.8326781392097473,
-0.03769810125231743,
-0.053402021527290344,
-0.7681021094322205,
0.9262562394142151,
-0.13135594129562378,
0.30944207310676575,
-0.23208273947238922,
-0.32889434695243835,
-1.1187474727630615,
-0.14444983005523682,
0.2508164942264557,
0.44308578968048096,
-0.32517239451408386,
-0.7393209934234619,
-0.0890289917588234,
-0.5053216218948364,
-0.2258239984512329,
0.36212751269340515,
0.3660307228565216,
-0.35126230120658875,
0.23717749118804932,
0.28860288858413696,
0.655595064163208,
0.31120702624320984,
-0.0933656245470047,
-0.5306811332702637,
-0.0021192296408116817,
-0.1571410596370697,
-0.151787668466568,
0.8782914876937866,
-0.05533468350768089,
-0.006851205136626959,
0.19256408512592316,
0.011752310208976269,
-0.053323160856962204,
-0.6589195132255554,
-0.01713082753121853,
-0.6412899494171143,
-0.2256808578968048,
-0.7810282707214355,
-0.8952539563179016,
0.47844192385673523,
0.5525540709495544,
0.09929852187633514,
0.2699654996395111,
-0.6087995767593384,
0.5878198146820068,
-0.22008222341537476,
0.306583046913147,
-0.05235442519187927,
-0.6648750305175781,
-0.9159765839576721,
0.38547831773757935,
-0.9574925899505615,
-0.6427696943283081,
0.10747990012168884,
-1.046821117401123,
0.41877150535583496,
-0.28191983699798584,
-0.39138948917388916,
0.4930467903614044,
0.3040659725666046,
-0.11297314614057541,
-0.07113175094127655,
-0.2030576467514038,
-0.4142926037311554,
1.205814003944397,
-0.2505110800266266,
-0.019941875711083412,
-0.37820231914520264,
-0.5251085758209229,
-0.7933687567710876,
0.6772142052650452,
0.3218575417995453,
-0.12788482010364532,
-0.305002361536026,
-0.1820635199546814,
0.6363421082496643,
-0.024855786934494972,
-0.03839636966586113,
0.16495881974697113,
0.5182707905769348,
-0.27171024680137634,
-0.21042552590370178,
-0.01796538755297661,
-0.8688306212425232,
0.19349783658981323,
0.5354047417640686,
-0.909441351890564,
-0.15170514583587646,
-0.5883449912071228,
0.01551955658942461,
0.5480478405952454,
0.38466915488243103,
-0.1616777628660202,
0.11627793312072754,
0.18436047434806824,
-0.11625797301530838,
-0.8992965817451477,
0.33718886971473694,
0.32166922092437744,
-0.3139580488204956,
-0.7943989038467407,
0.5052709579467773,
0.46842315793037415,
-0.25956833362579346,
-0.03469736874103546,
-0.16468873620033264,
-0.7926153540611267,
0.44783657789230347,
1.1756517887115479,
-0.9082803130149841,
1.2897475957870483,
0.11995556950569153,
-1.002899169921875,
0.4571915864944458,
0.06015998125076294,
-0.10616526007652283,
0.27847474813461304,
0.40852755308151245,
0.03695393726229668,
-0.7398098707199097,
-0.268700510263443,
-0.728098452091217,
-0.19817736744880676,
-0.3275086283683777,
-0.4769641160964966,
-0.4190402626991272,
-0.05263332650065422,
0.18349725008010864,
-0.2754756510257721,
0.9657760262489319,
-0.8255998492240906,
-0.09967643767595291,
0.10318008065223694,
0.745290219783783,
-0.06843357533216476,
0.5045730471611023,
0.3036763072013855,
-0.2889418601989746,
0.5078864097595215,
0.3846313953399658,
-0.4953540861606598,
-0.0935550108551979,
1.5582562685012817,
0.6719456911087036,
-0.7094556093215942,
0.017074305564165115,
-0.25693562626838684,
0.632315456867218,
-0.21666857600212097,
-1.339661717414856,
1.2357085943222046,
1.0322597026824951,
-0.4976617693901062,
-0.8269774317741394,
-0.13685066998004913,
0.9948767423629761,
-0.7352529168128967,
-0.02397083304822445,
0.6250247955322266,
-0.18572179973125458,
0.43834388256073,
0.32784536480903625,
0.3437565267086029,
0.36740508675575256,
-0.002293933415785432,
0.5697246789932251,
-0.021226532757282257,
-0.03156678378582001,
-0.82022625207901,
0.6666117906570435,
-1.298208236694336,
-0.11904683709144592,
-0.2172320932149887,
0.5705421566963196,
0.10245922952890396,
-0.6197845339775085,
-0.07021099328994751,
0.13517418503761292,
-1.1542236804962158,
-0.26419538259506226,
-0.03385542705655098,
-0.3265363872051239,
0.21229641139507294,
-0.04839916527271271,
-0.11763697117567062,
0.26706698536872864,
-0.7714582681655884,
-0.7556512951850891,
0.09347639977931976,
-1.0278722047805786,
0.7532715201377869,
-0.8555463552474976,
0.06015473231673241,
0.16082212328910828,
-0.6568857431411743,
-0.22669340670108795,
0.6204918026924133,
0.41445496678352356,
0.46616512537002563,
-0.8564332723617554,
0.43141552805900574,
-0.36617499589920044,
1.0796908140182495,
-0.13642515242099762,
-0.780619204044342,
0.6036956906318665,
0.31798654794692993,
-0.5174563527107239,
-0.5771745443344116,
0.23151972889900208,
0.4778654873371124,
0.3499338924884796,
0.1431577056646347,
0.37537679076194763,
0.5852406620979309,
-0.7057041525840759,
0.4043681025505066,
0.3447771668434143,
-0.30245092511177063,
-0.7818356156349182,
0.6268119812011719,
-0.6699929237365723,
0.4443050026893616,
0.42048802971839905,
0.5865858197212219,
-0.0053139557130634785,
0.9385114312171936,
-0.3616032600402832,
0.46562710404396057,
0.337108314037323,
0.37591782212257385,
-0.3821256160736084,
-0.6681686639785767,
-0.5643520951271057,
0.2914786636829376,
-0.766427755355835,
-0.05287153646349907,
0.44370579719543457,
-0.6399908065795898,
-0.3707277178764343,
0.2390596717596054,
0.05304262414574623,
0.10999685525894165,
0.3436886668205261,
0.11399206519126892,
-0.026377618312835693,
-0.292477548122406,
0.2079150378704071,
-0.17297892272472382,
0.3942292332649231,
0.06109749525785446,
-0.031878191977739334,
-0.5098279118537903,
-0.4767456650733948,
-0.9773963689804077,
-0.3804362416267395,
-0.17344409227371216,
-0.01354280300438404,
-0.5916053652763367,
-0.5051994919776917,
0.31025931239128113,
-0.3264038860797882,
-0.6957380175590515,
0.3817947804927826,
-0.13115081191062927,
0.13840103149414062,
-0.5181140899658203,
0.5218150019645691,
-0.8657140731811523,
-0.09324995428323746,
0.965277373790741,
0.45178547501564026,
0.6492518782615662,
-0.08745792508125305,
0.08002753555774689,
0.608799159526825,
-0.044215548783540726,
0.7658125758171082,
0.4914914667606354,
-0.7206312417984009,
0.43560147285461426,
-0.24831123650074005,
1.0399539470672607,
-0.3142869472503662,
-0.22519491612911224,
-0.19538898766040802,
-0.528126060962677,
-0.14654657244682312,
-0.049070876091718674,
0.11490659415721893,
-0.6186099052429199,
0.5443600416183472,
0.15860803425312042,
-0.606774628162384,
-0.27880531549453735,
0.007930374704301357,
0.09117112308740616,
-0.2971169352531433,
0.5142198204994202,
0.7273337841033936,
0.11658849567174911,
0.06935223937034607,
0.2158665806055069,
0.4173088073730469,
-0.18843071162700653,
-0.00053847033996135,
0.4178808927536011,
-0.5669263601303101,
0.23070962727069855,
-0.18761926889419556,
0.5317062735557556,
-0.2927822470664978,
0.5855340957641602,
-0.2523021101951599,
1.1738511323928833,
-0.8810483813285828,
0.0089871846139431,
0.8221626281738281,
-0.4432604908943176,
-0.39105096459388733,
-0.36524131894111633,
-0.2731279134750366,
-0.6607882380485535,
0.5211212038993835,
0.5980198383331299,
-0.3015030324459076,
-0.2759533226490021,
-0.5355365872383118,
-0.09301237761974335,
-1.1232638359069824,
0.4280112683773041,
-0.03214165195822716,
-1.415961742401123,
0.1392117589712143,
-0.22479192912578583,
-0.13055942952632904,
-0.7953457236289978,
-0.6932073831558228,
1.2369649410247803,
0.5802891850471497,
-0.33707234263420105,
0.3121241629123688,
-0.2363736927509308,
0.043694786727428436,
0.2947181463241577,
0.8682387471199036,
0.7792564630508423,
-1.1182481050491333,
-1.0457956790924072,
-0.30062228441238403,
0.34445348381996155,
-0.12255388498306274,
-0.1259198933839798,
-0.3687250018119812,
-0.23306648433208466,
0.18324989080429077,
-0.28096675872802734,
0.6164456009864807,
-0.9079357981681824,
0.7781517505645752,
-0.30785781145095825
]
|
123561 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooke%20City-Silver%20Gate%2C%20Montana | Cooke City-Silver Gate, Montana | Cooke City-Silver Gate was a census-designated place (CDP) in Park County, Montana, United States, corresponding to the unincorporated communities of Cooke City and Silver Gate. The population was 140 at the 2000 census. Starting with the 2010 census, the two communities were listed as separate CDPs. The communities sit toward the northeast of Yellowstone National Park on the Beartooth Highway.
Geography
The Cooke City-Silver Gate CDP was located at (45.017378, −109.938599), at an elevation of 7,608 feet (2,318 m).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of , all land.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 140 people, 79 households, and 27 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 14.0 people per square mile (5.4/km2). There were 247 housing units at an average density of 24.7 per square mile (9.5/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.86% White, 0.71% African American, 0.71% Native American, and 0.71% from two or more races.
There were 79 households, out of which 11.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.1% were married couples living together, 5.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 65.8% were non-families. 40.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.77 and the average family size was 2.44.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 8.6% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 42.1% from 25 to 44, 35.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 122.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 113.3 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $25,000, and the median income for a family was $50,625. Males had a median income of $38,125 versus $17,813 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $31,618. There were 7.4% of families and 15.8% of the population living below the poverty line, including 18.2% of under eighteens and 10.5% of those over 64.
References
Census-designated places in Park County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana | [
0.10890631377696991,
0.7225999236106873,
0.15072482824325562,
0.13039913773536682,
0.37248295545578003,
0.32293882966041565,
0.8876773715019226,
0.09832501411437988,
0.15754003822803497,
0.20633147656917572,
-0.2000187486410141,
-0.050344318151474,
-0.7547959685325623,
0.8018273711204529,
-0.5940568447113037,
0.2821786105632782,
0.8188714385032654,
0.46352821588516235,
0.5742186307907104,
-0.5485392212867737,
0.10115139186382294,
-0.47389331459999084,
0.287386029958725,
0.5334439277648926,
-0.22968025505542755,
0.5951655507087708,
0.12120521813631058,
0.40490853786468506,
0.19328802824020386,
0.271540105342865,
-0.06973783671855927,
0.5847288370132446,
-0.3110034167766571,
-0.25740277767181396,
-0.21893006563186646,
-0.18312770128250122,
0.5473687648773193,
-0.11534144729375839,
-0.004693217575550079,
-0.4231552183628082,
-0.29579341411590576,
0.20991085469722748,
0.38555699586868286,
0.20412331819534302,
0.051643889397382736,
0.05710458382964134,
-1.5892257690429688,
0.43105611205101013,
-0.8349167108535767,
-0.4841402471065521,
-0.6438372135162354,
-0.3066812753677368,
0.1825326383113861,
-0.3493877649307251,
0.4728107750415802,
0.7032530307769775,
-0.9083248972892761,
0.16775818169116974,
0.36845365166664124,
-0.004783046431839466,
-0.4860408902168274,
0.4033587872982025,
0.24310699105262756,
-0.14982807636260986,
-0.3281381130218506,
-0.06760399788618088,
0.0723595842719078,
0.6272086501121521,
0.4150879979133606,
-0.19733014702796936,
-0.14490260183811188,
0.2154996693134308,
-0.1901104599237442,
0.39762425422668457,
0.12193237245082855,
0.3761521577835083,
-0.9606506824493408,
-0.003386101219803095,
-0.21344873309135437,
0.14113351702690125,
-0.06796418130397797,
-0.2342991977930069,
0.3613051474094391,
-0.6574935913085938,
0.3677966296672821,
-0.32650819420814514,
-0.6788879632949829,
-0.25243547558784485,
-0.1376362293958664,
0.7785643339157104,
-1.2154890298843384,
-0.15990066528320312,
0.01892136037349701,
0.040468212217092514,
-0.2719065546989441,
-0.5878618359565735,
-0.34404852986335754,
0.6434730291366577,
-0.26107218861579895,
0.6303554177284241,
-0.1800728142261505,
0.27953869104385376,
0.8950378894805908,
-0.31332045793533325,
-0.8653018474578857,
-0.8794431090354919,
-0.9611414670944214,
-0.3054196536540985,
-0.25089946389198303,
0.40133169293403625,
-0.7138007283210754,
0.35615503787994385,
-0.30127257108688354,
-0.5055426359176636,
-0.19954214990139008,
0.5356453657150269,
-0.08119060099124908,
-0.1888996660709381,
-0.41369473934173584,
-0.5314213037490845,
0.5894144177436829,
0.6749182343482971,
-0.6351887583732605,
0.26245439052581787,
-0.5273866057395935,
0.5463310480117798,
0.2690429985523224,
0.13325266540050507,
0.18871279060840607,
0.6954269409179688,
-0.6385828852653503,
0.6831154823303223,
0.16389134526252747,
0.1047968938946724,
-0.052432913333177567,
-0.749484121799469,
-0.19663630425930023,
-0.2104332000017166,
-0.18110327422618866,
0.2185404747724533,
-0.576587438583374,
0.04793611913919449,
-0.03525757044553757,
0.0948479175567627,
0.7396354079246521,
0.25847819447517395,
0.1188960075378418,
-0.6244574785232544,
0.004008321091532707,
0.01606803573668003,
-0.03322393447160721,
0.04400666430592537,
0.3088613748550415,
0.5041317939758301,
-0.10845096409320831,
-0.06468606740236282,
0.16507109999656677,
0.24960294365882874,
0.7198793888092041,
0.29324987530708313,
0.01551662478595972,
0.6933080554008484,
0.653174102306366,
0.3505861461162567,
0.5458617806434631,
-0.2386644184589386,
0.4039722979068756,
-0.5422893762588501,
-0.21592330932617188,
0.977419376373291,
-0.5267770290374756,
0.35531046986579895,
0.1406308114528656,
-0.009177552536129951,
0.03693513944745064,
-0.6250213384628296,
0.9034792184829712,
0.5894153714179993,
0.04187136888504028,
-0.37315672636032104,
-0.9289721250534058,
-0.20153604447841644,
0.16573700308799744,
-0.01989307440817356,
0.32827046513557434,
0.14458054304122925,
-0.059213731437921524,
-0.31657660007476807,
-0.2102096974849701,
-0.9431661367416382,
-0.837720513343811,
-0.5211670398712158,
0.8201868534088135,
-0.22268915176391602,
0.6161380410194397,
0.1668071150779724,
0.45141837000846863,
0.4669066369533539,
-0.039610061794519424,
0.12410429120063782,
0.15860463678836823,
-0.7354971766471863,
0.7141513824462891,
-0.5043962597846985,
-0.3426043391227722,
0.14646266400814056,
0.2950425446033478,
-0.19909410178661346,
0.4511517882347107,
0.9135761260986328,
0.4775250256061554,
0.060836050659418106,
0.31658652424812317,
0.622887134552002,
-0.42645108699798584,
-0.057744450867176056,
-0.09250512719154358,
0.07335653901100159,
0.6325687170028687,
-0.604093611240387,
0.35014867782592773,
0.23319073021411896,
0.25477659702301025,
-0.24283266067504883,
-0.06062351167201996,
0.4740009605884552,
0.5459516048431396,
-0.08519036322832108,
-0.23152902722358704,
0.2958800196647644,
0.5595444440841675,
0.33437618613243103,
0.8992553949356079,
-0.4130491316318512,
0.39660730957984924,
0.05518000200390816,
-0.41861632466316223,
-0.513632595539093,
0.17723087966442108,
-0.8310959935188293,
-0.022637441754341125,
-0.265805184841156,
-0.43878284096717834,
0.46274101734161377,
0.6212359070777893,
0.9313325881958008,
-0.0819656178355217,
0.48943620920181274,
-0.1466832160949707,
-0.5985674858093262,
0.6625509262084961,
-0.3926070034503937,
0.4373524785041809,
-0.3254995346069336,
-0.20622405409812927,
0.05753149092197418,
-0.49442392587661743,
-0.4324811100959778,
0.6372100710868835,
-0.07758454978466034,
-0.11943649500608444,
0.5642014741897583,
-0.06706640124320984,
-0.10557883232831955,
0.3881814777851105,
-0.7135137915611267,
-0.22457629442214966,
-0.7826442718505859,
-0.3550877869129181,
0.4178958833217621,
0.20190437138080597,
0.033093541860580444,
-0.6261028051376343,
0.3493782877922058,
0.6396729946136475,
0.16523762047290802,
-0.687710702419281,
-0.20913498103618622,
-0.7237142324447632,
0.1499522179365158,
0.26255562901496887,
0.4878843426704407,
-0.24190758168697357,
-0.5420745611190796,
-0.5127415657043457,
-0.5492994785308838,
0.1372562199831009,
-0.15448158979415894,
-0.6209395527839661,
-0.7455336451530457,
-0.3971030116081238,
-0.16380245983600616,
-0.5641340613365173,
0.5386987328529358,
-0.559204638004303,
-0.032710570842027664,
-0.05438198149204254,
0.48834043741226196,
0.6159337162971497,
-0.5255334973335266,
0.25932833552360535,
0.2928428053855896,
-0.46646395325660706,
0.17085212469100952,
-0.2488282322883606,
-0.44403013586997986,
0.28443974256515503,
-0.32359838485717773,
-4.759613513946533,
0.8885914087295532,
-0.4398882985115051,
-0.6898553967475891,
-0.23308828473091125,
-0.5596933960914612,
0.24333646893501282,
-0.2655890882015228,
0.2176433503627777,
0.2520968019962311,
-0.1833055317401886,
-0.4604685604572296,
0.33310723304748535,
0.7050655484199524,
1.554938793182373,
0.4275985062122345,
0.5655771493911743,
0.24359649419784546,
0.6806394457817078,
0.6729856729507446,
0.04138345643877983,
0.20811253786087036,
-0.18684770166873932,
0.4555955231189728,
0.8348960280418396,
0.5597309470176697,
-0.17978310585021973,
-0.11862590163946152,
-0.6454914212226868,
-0.3275497257709503,
0.2202489674091339,
0.14883820712566376,
-0.6176072955131531,
-0.13033974170684814,
0.24743379652500153,
0.4084291160106659,
0.45917922258377075,
-0.07582924515008926,
0.1989719718694687,
-0.5737216472625732,
0.23637571930885315,
0.15734103322029114,
-0.1786985993385315,
0.1317831575870514,
0.662898600101471,
-0.114982970058918,
0.13380694389343262,
0.10959837585687637,
0.07090073078870773,
0.6391315460205078,
0.4914136230945587,
0.1545594483613968,
1.1014609336853027,
0.24057285487651825,
-0.03399341180920601,
-0.1942545771598816,
0.12441540509462357,
-0.0030991644598543644,
-0.39064186811447144,
0.6603034734725952,
-0.14001049101352692,
-0.7811110019683838,
0.014773933216929436,
0.10590583831071854,
0.15651212632656097,
-0.5180073380470276,
0.12982189655303955,
0.5910600423812866,
0.1422106921672821,
-0.3023791015148163,
-0.10941426455974579,
0.5565282106399536,
-0.5994127988815308,
-0.7611792087554932,
0.7344927787780762,
-0.38067197799682617,
-0.1753946840763092,
0.02981930412352085,
-1.1101751327514648,
-0.12869593501091003,
0.11372756958007812,
-0.01715661771595478,
0.2090136557817459,
0.7716371417045593,
0.5983830690383911,
-0.6578131318092346,
-0.2148674875497818,
-0.10516877472400665,
-0.5503235459327698,
-1.0695505142211914,
0.6218867897987366,
-0.17959533631801605,
0.6077451705932617,
-0.1922086477279663,
-0.08384255319833755,
0.2582099139690399,
0.6560333967208862,
0.5098446607589722,
-0.060775671154260635,
-0.1447373330593109,
0.26103076338768005,
-0.2395726442337036,
0.23738734424114227,
-0.29322734475135803,
-0.1891617327928543,
-0.6530358791351318,
0.17675770819187164,
0.23076635599136353,
0.4164837896823883,
-0.7920852303504944,
-0.3178960382938385,
0.47992682456970215,
-0.4390358626842499,
-0.042343780398368835,
0.3862946331501007,
0.4299953877925873,
-0.16082413494586945,
0.2046894133090973,
0.36536362767219543,
0.4758548438549042,
-0.027523033320903778,
0.3793923258781433,
-0.16025854647159576,
0.35185226798057556,
-0.5859338641166687,
-0.4319595992565155,
0.44676336646080017,
-0.2030060589313507,
0.029843751341104507,
0.11520252376794815,
-0.10842790454626083,
0.3820516765117645,
-0.6081358790397644,
-0.6246309876441956,
-0.2740519940853119,
-0.09211444854736328,
-0.4035188853740692,
-1.021338939666748,
0.5046321153640747,
0.46762627363204956,
0.21152089536190033,
0.36540651321411133,
-0.4015742242336273,
0.5391349792480469,
-0.26968201994895935,
0.6529991626739502,
0.3266526162624359,
-0.424966037273407,
-0.7570258378982544,
0.326448529958725,
-1.0338490009307861,
-0.17204144597053528,
-0.10232771188020706,
-0.5743018984794617,
-0.17619092762470245,
-0.21869319677352905,
-0.4666362702846527,
0.5746362209320068,
0.16423878073692322,
-0.33606743812561035,
0.3209279179573059,
-0.8013525605201721,
-0.2369954138994217,
0.9092758297920227,
-0.1183035597205162,
-0.04280024766921997,
-0.22607117891311646,
-0.25351056456565857,
-0.5123958587646484,
0.40416181087493896,
0.9007546305656433,
-0.37345653772354126,
-0.274105966091156,
0.08155287802219391,
0.5369592905044556,
-0.4159543812274933,
-0.29645541310310364,
-0.33464932441711426,
-0.24171720445156097,
-0.21980635821819305,
0.18829987943172455,
-0.51804119348526,
-0.35277438163757324,
-0.42485368251800537,
0.32045528292655945,
-0.47859638929367065,
-0.7984281778335571,
-0.42611828446388245,
0.16201119124889374,
0.030936526134610176,
-0.018693970516324043,
-0.7309358716011047,
0.5498837232589722,
-0.18216128647327423,
-0.06359867751598358,
-1.4778178930282593,
0.5375495553016663,
0.14770254492759705,
-0.24120651185512543,
-0.8701162338256836,
-0.04222859442234039,
0.26517564058303833,
-0.11577613651752472,
0.5421075820922852,
0.19332881271839142,
-0.36898791790008545,
0.6976941823959351,
0.3887019753456116,
-0.6159145832061768,
0.8677518367767334,
-0.054566480219364166,
-0.5189242362976074,
0.16000209748744965,
0.3758426904678345,
-0.07518669962882996,
0.446987122297287,
0.2523936629295349,
0.5182866454124451,
-0.49104294180870056,
-0.40763211250305176,
-0.32371628284454346,
-0.3803839385509491,
-0.05374499782919884,
-0.6578218936920166,
-0.900221586227417,
0.5384567975997925,
0.05767818167805672,
-0.47466790676116943,
0.31910035014152527,
-0.5870955586433411,
-0.5368490219116211,
0.34510505199432373,
0.3248366117477417,
-0.2287396341562271,
0.00986508745700121,
0.556449830532074,
-0.24097542464733124,
0.1729872077703476,
0.46437159180641174,
0.1581159383058548,
0.16944356262683868,
1.0936288833618164,
0.5656784772872925,
-0.4531843364238739,
-0.8083609938621521,
0.08386089652776718,
0.4207250773906708,
-0.17779679596424103,
-0.8608858585357666,
0.891205906867981,
0.7577091455459595,
-0.7300193905830383,
-0.45888030529022217,
0.1009560152888298,
0.9589202404022217,
-0.8196316957473755,
-0.1364521086215973,
0.5433297157287598,
-0.15315276384353638,
0.7393863201141357,
0.2934395372867584,
0.29141440987586975,
0.1647888720035553,
0.32770854234695435,
0.5347359776496887,
0.25259706377983093,
0.16972187161445618,
-1.2336808443069458,
0.2965778708457947,
-1.354042887687683,
0.4440445601940155,
-0.1922619789838791,
0.4162822365760803,
0.5939364433288574,
0.02036542445421219,
0.08760977536439896,
-0.038910575211048126,
-1.0809417963027954,
-0.8416327834129333,
-0.5085319876670837,
-0.25719931721687317,
-0.3281785249710083,
0.28145715594291687,
-0.31667375564575195,
0.21033057570457458,
-1.1667149066925049,
-0.82599276304245,
-0.21444135904312134,
-1.2125436067581177,
0.2614554166793823,
-0.19637838006019592,
0.11331450939178467,
0.0600738450884819,
-0.92425137758255,
0.06881776452064514,
0.4024895429611206,
-0.27853924036026,
0.03639506548643112,
-0.48512813448905945,
0.18818818032741547,
-0.43556153774261475,
1.235690951347351,
-0.4735219180583954,
-0.3891672194004059,
0.4014764726161957,
0.20507313311100006,
-0.26281213760375977,
-0.5668919086456299,
-0.17520879209041595,
0.0343281589448452,
0.26475435495376587,
-0.0926961600780487,
0.37164196372032166,
0.8250219225883484,
-0.7377066016197205,
0.26001301407814026,
0.4605475068092346,
-0.3783239424228668,
-0.46793076395988464,
0.613843560218811,
-0.07281054556369781,
0.17284001410007477,
1.0571012496948242,
0.5339370965957642,
-0.26577329635620117,
0.9377396702766418,
-0.41090208292007446,
0.06580723077058792,
0.06984315812587738,
0.3149578869342804,
0.1106841117143631,
-1.0501682758331299,
-0.5589452385902405,
0.503776490688324,
-0.8722231984138489,
-0.09778187423944473,
-0.1916244626045227,
-0.18020078539848328,
-0.338776171207428,
0.5019109845161438,
-0.5088956356048584,
0.27991312742233276,
0.12080467492341995,
-0.2335119992494583,
-0.12836095690727234,
-0.05249272659420967,
0.04662145674228668,
0.33382123708724976,
0.17636168003082275,
-0.08144739270210266,
-0.44212764501571655,
-0.5727543830871582,
-0.5452320575714111,
-0.914633572101593,
-0.7462736964225769,
0.2875365614891052,
0.08962086588144302,
-0.6891481280326843,
-0.15862737596035004,
0.5408235788345337,
-0.29006242752075195,
-0.7648882269859314,
0.8624379634857178,
-0.31822049617767334,
-0.08162932842969894,
-0.5718147158622742,
0.07171765714883804,
-0.8047503232955933,
-0.023791564628481865,
0.9843225479125977,
0.41148123145103455,
0.333970308303833,
0.43767598271369934,
0.4835590720176697,
0.4250792860984802,
0.6189321279525757,
0.4526858925819397,
0.08701515942811966,
0.024253718554973602,
0.3549287021160126,
-0.27555549144744873,
0.11367233097553253,
-0.04116504266858101,
-0.5492672324180603,
0.0752817913889885,
-0.6307517886161804,
-0.3670552968978882,
0.2861383855342865,
-0.16001680493354797,
-0.8417099714279175,
0.7020907402038574,
-0.2974982261657715,
-0.26884424686431885,
-0.11939948052167892,
0.189362570643425,
0.263662725687027,
0.42638733983039856,
0.28069597482681274,
0.698024570941925,
0.15000443160533905,
0.2756403684616089,
-0.21675467491149902,
0.5939828753471375,
-0.035754602402448654,
0.3024239242076874,
0.8059854507446289,
-0.17268700897693634,
0.1533842533826828,
-0.23838858306407928,
0.7579016089439392,
-0.4140503406524658,
0.15095190703868866,
-0.30280613899230957,
0.7778483629226685,
-0.4340391457080841,
-0.006553819868713617,
0.5961083769798279,
0.07856868207454681,
-0.28677329421043396,
-0.6656535863876343,
0.3206194043159485,
-0.9128605723381042,
0.580017626285553,
0.5733506679534912,
-0.389547735452652,
-0.383286714553833,
-0.11384772509336472,
-0.1466500461101532,
-0.7577019333839417,
0.48678818345069885,
0.4652279019355774,
-1.0787702798843384,
-0.1611166000366211,
-0.2192976027727127,
-0.7017322778701782,
-0.5502166748046875,
-0.560690701007843,
1.2809933423995972,
0.5547000169754028,
-0.14077921211719513,
0.03659996762871742,
-0.5000396370887756,
0.007055801805108786,
0.12618377804756165,
0.8960137963294983,
0.7647743821144104,
-0.6955735087394714,
-0.8906176090240479,
-0.6918094754219055,
0.5609104633331299,
-0.031751882284879684,
-0.42647585272789,
-0.004048090428113937,
-0.20878547430038452,
0.09595999866724014,
0.08738161623477936,
0.4800104796886444,
-0.6409134268760681,
0.8764538764953613,
-0.3075765371322632
]
|
123562 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gardiner%2C%20Montana | Gardiner, Montana | Gardiner is a census-designated place (CDP) in Park County, Montana, along the 45th parallel. The population was 833 at the time of the 2020 census.
Gardiner was officially founded in 1880, but the area has served as a main entrance to Yellowstone National Park since its creation in 1872. Yellowstone National Park Heritage and Research Center, which opened May 18, 2005, is located in Gardiner and houses National Park Service archives, Yellowstone museum collections and reference libraries.
History
The name Gardiner derives from Johnson Gardner, a fur trapper who operated in the area in 1830-31. He named the lush headwaters valley of today's Gardner River Gardner's Hole. Originally, named Gardner's Fork, the river took on Gardner's name although prospectors and explorers who visited the area later in the century were unaware of the trapper Johnson Gardner. In 1870, when the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition passed through the area they began calling the river Gardiner, a phonetic error. Hiram M. Chittenden (1895) and Nathaniel P. Langford (1905) confirmed this spelling in their accounts of the expedition.
When the Hayden Geological Survey of 1871 passed through the Gardiner area, they encountered two men, named J.C. McCartney and H. R. Horr, who had laid claim to and established a ranch and bath house on the Mammoth terraces near Liberty Cap. These entrepreneurs eventually established a primitive hotel at Mammoth and were not evicted from the area until many years after the park was established. McCartney also went by the name Jim Gardiner and received messages, consignments and such destined for guests of his hotel addressed to: Jim on the Gardiner. On February 9, 1880, a territorial post office was established just outside the park boundary and Gardiner, Montana began.
In 1883, the Northern Pacific Railway completed the extension of their Park Branch Line from Livingston, Montana to Cinnabar north of Gardiner. In 1903, the line was extended to Gardiner. Railway service at Gardiner station was discontinued in 1948.
Geography
Gardiner is located at (45.036837, -110.713768).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land and (2.32%) is water.
Climate
Gardiner has a Semi-arid climate with four full seasons. Summers are markedly hot with nights substantially cooling off into the 50's. Winters are not as cold or long as winters experienced by nearby communities such as West Yellowstone or Cooke City that have a location out of the valley.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 851 people, 435 households, and 210 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 224.9 people per square mile (86.9/km2). There were 497 housing units at an average density of 131.3 per square mile (50.8/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.30% White, 0.35% African American, 1.41% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.12% from other races, and 0.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.47% of the population.
There were 435 households, of which 22.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.0% were married couples living together, 5.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.5% were non-families. 43.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.96 people and the average family size 2.73.
In the CDP, the age of the population was spread out, with 20.8% under the age of 18, 2.9% from 18 to 24, 40.5% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 7.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.4 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $30,125, and the median income for a family was $46,071. Males had a median income of $30,240 versus $17,614 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,810. About 3.4% of families and 8.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
Gallery
Infrastructure
Gardiner Airport is a public use airport located two miles (3.7 km) northwest of town.
Education
Gardiner Public Schools has a single educational building. Its divisions:
Gardiner School (Grades K-6; 101 students)
Gardiner 7-8 School (Grades 7-8; 44 students)
Gardiner High School (Grades 9-12; 85 students)
Media
See also
Angling in Yellowstone National Park
The Summit Lighthouse - international headquarters located in Gardiner
North Entrance Road Historic District
References
External links
Census-designated places in Park County, Montana
Census-designated places in Montana
1880 establishments in Montana Territory | [
0.44505974650382996,
0.6961656808853149,
0.4296931326389313,
-0.036062195897102356,
0.46520760655403137,
0.3840726912021637,
0.9588868618011475,
0.3414032757282257,
-0.1308761090040207,
-0.15878000855445862,
-0.06928549706935883,
-0.05392860993742943,
-0.4393653869628906,
0.2001502811908722,
-0.3549596667289734,
0.36476024985313416,
0.679602861404419,
0.6776537895202637,
0.8551173806190491,
-0.4462309181690216,
0.39629650115966797,
-0.7657031416893005,
0.049611903727054596,
0.3163449466228485,
-0.05991308018565178,
0.5289193987846375,
0.7037951350212097,
0.6403926014900208,
-0.5407705903053284,
0.33620932698249817,
-0.11602748185396194,
0.5428813695907593,
-0.3749046325683594,
-0.19615352153778076,
0.34420230984687805,
0.04699842259287834,
0.6178094148635864,
-0.1674361228942871,
-0.15018020570278168,
-0.03476380184292793,
-0.045596662908792496,
-0.15192356705665588,
-0.12897886335849762,
-0.2546621263027191,
-0.2764255106449127,
-0.32214227318763733,
-1.466225266456604,
0.39692360162734985,
-0.7904744148254395,
-0.4613504707813263,
-1.1564526557922363,
-0.20351554453372955,
0.4196111261844635,
0.34214460849761963,
0.7234755158424377,
0.6159451603889465,
-0.6875383853912354,
0.2938312590122223,
0.38137689232826233,
-0.014298191294074059,
-0.24661920964717865,
0.351449579000473,
0.19185759127140045,
-0.4075131416320801,
-0.5839974284172058,
-0.13839076459407806,
-0.06976395845413208,
0.19093365967273712,
0.6990832686424255,
-0.24673950672149658,
0.3382422924041748,
-0.02285817824304104,
-0.3170261085033417,
0.8470509648323059,
0.11382777988910675,
0.9511176347732544,
-0.5348596572875977,
0.049196019768714905,
0.05427239090204239,
0.0520700179040432,
0.24534282088279724,
-0.49659010767936707,
0.47926437854766846,
-0.09762562811374664,
0.4489686191082001,
-0.19214488565921783,
-0.6210272908210754,
-0.2607458233833313,
0.025633646175265312,
0.6191662549972534,
-0.9599083662033081,
-0.17837795615196228,
-0.14475125074386597,
-0.18984046578407288,
-0.21379518508911133,
-0.3636191189289093,
-0.09947805851697922,
0.35919639468193054,
-0.07846584171056747,
0.414985328912735,
0.3362416625022888,
0.052281707525253296,
1.2956081628799438,
-0.22902211546897888,
-0.5154609084129333,
-1.3182709217071533,
-0.6189953088760376,
-0.4400208592414856,
0.31415677070617676,
0.029022864997386932,
-0.6321435570716858,
0.22684313356876373,
0.15259920060634613,
-0.6934616565704346,
-0.3043659031391144,
0.895549476146698,
-0.16075104475021362,
-0.7348201274871826,
-0.5355367660522461,
-0.19133205711841583,
0.3348758816719055,
0.1894925981760025,
-0.17889359593391418,
-0.008257424458861351,
-0.36661651730537415,
0.5330767035484314,
0.3574943244457245,
0.05578664690256119,
0.05033824220299721,
0.2842569053173065,
-0.6640157699584961,
0.5455255508422852,
-0.25138601660728455,
0.2883141040802002,
-0.0794551894068718,
-0.9734319448471069,
-0.16260860860347748,
-0.33688268065452576,
0.4463422894477844,
0.13908538222312927,
-0.2901470959186554,
0.05243460088968277,
-0.08321910351514816,
-0.42431676387786865,
0.6159602403640747,
0.031091485172510147,
0.10394293069839478,
-0.790826678276062,
0.0325896218419075,
-0.05225137248635292,
-0.2341008186340332,
0.3948126435279846,
0.39344051480293274,
0.18690474331378937,
0.16198764741420746,
0.2761073410511017,
0.7319718599319458,
0.6915817856788635,
0.1391720026731491,
0.36665821075439453,
0.6034910678863525,
1.2196844816207886,
0.6363354921340942,
0.21087948977947235,
0.5861237049102783,
-0.5259741544723511,
0.48798781633377075,
-0.4621240794658661,
0.23101110756397247,
0.34685829281806946,
0.10487604886293411,
0.20854970812797546,
0.7903274893760681,
-0.03624068945646286,
0.49419382214546204,
-0.3499293029308319,
0.6119149327278137,
0.07484716176986694,
0.043116092681884766,
-0.26297444105148315,
-0.765559732913971,
0.40760964155197144,
0.20416642725467682,
0.017769435420632362,
0.3245716989040375,
0.43597111105918884,
0.085262730717659,
0.014386567287147045,
-0.3233483135700226,
-0.6523044109344482,
-0.5087194442749023,
-1.033067226409912,
0.786950945854187,
-0.4575296640396118,
0.38212645053863525,
-0.007785783614963293,
0.1480400562286377,
0.497723251581192,
-0.30448055267333984,
0.8595353960990906,
-0.16835445165634155,
-0.4127296507358551,
0.6295112371444702,
-0.2511541545391083,
-0.40188610553741455,
0.11898445338010788,
-0.055154841393232346,
0.023845063522458076,
0.6076915860176086,
0.6648930311203003,
0.7099706530570984,
-0.5832822918891907,
-0.2065083384513855,
0.7896002531051636,
-1.0017467737197876,
-0.36555832624435425,
-0.25669875741004944,
-0.09845282137393951,
-0.067617267370224,
-0.46196648478507996,
0.396052747964859,
0.5530418157577515,
-0.0021859535481780767,
-0.06882069259881973,
-0.323927104473114,
0.9361424446105957,
0.7456250786781311,
0.13891540467739105,
-0.3170442581176758,
0.22421510517597198,
0.17842431366443634,
0.2294398695230484,
0.3306295573711395,
-0.12059451639652252,
-0.08788959681987762,
0.07344204187393188,
0.10792278498411179,
-0.4986552894115448,
0.6214818954467773,
-0.6769741177558899,
-0.09173784404993057,
0.11734732240438461,
-0.12905336916446686,
-0.1528283804655075,
0.18309932947158813,
0.6578673124313354,
0.27381864190101624,
0.1331179291009903,
0.015911636874079704,
-0.5727994441986084,
0.18774084746837616,
-0.2887859642505646,
0.4499501883983612,
-0.4236338138580322,
0.1934291571378708,
-0.12180445343255997,
-0.15627902746200562,
-0.1173800453543663,
0.06573327630758286,
0.15903975069522858,
-0.18337444961071014,
0.6331515312194824,
-0.20482507348060608,
-0.46833017468452454,
0.2312823235988617,
-0.7408877015113831,
-0.4572639465332031,
-0.6978679299354553,
0.048411235213279724,
0.7915040254592896,
0.5337911248207092,
-0.05693429708480835,
-0.6396024823188782,
0.3946899175643921,
0.5574846267700195,
0.21670468151569366,
-0.3063831329345703,
-0.033931467682123184,
-0.7354500889778137,
-0.07172958552837372,
0.5267407894134521,
1.0596160888671875,
-0.44004204869270325,
-0.42480212450027466,
-0.4227057993412018,
-0.31058573722839355,
0.22837789356708527,
-0.3867923617362976,
-0.5590164065361023,
-0.1447727531194687,
-0.09444088488817215,
-0.07088253647089005,
-0.04130067676305771,
-0.11981365829706192,
-0.4083331823348999,
0.3965294063091278,
0.2702329754829407,
-0.0798720195889473,
0.6750496029853821,
-0.31305986642837524,
-0.05306738242506981,
0.5216361880302429,
-0.5310651063919067,
0.30776095390319824,
-0.120758056640625,
-0.4129416346549988,
0.18788763880729675,
-0.4853534698486328,
-4.805541515350342,
0.6548713445663452,
-0.5630342364311218,
-0.5895284414291382,
-0.07580453902482986,
-0.44500070810317993,
0.6313464641571045,
-0.2653849422931671,
-0.23693640530109406,
0.23506112396717072,
-0.009546900168061256,
-0.7890284657478333,
0.23269298672676086,
0.5760201215744019,
0.9425948262214661,
-0.06407665461301804,
1.1115814447402954,
-0.7306454181671143,
0.8355681300163269,
0.33813735842704773,
-0.22201502323150635,
0.29287558794021606,
-0.027073996141552925,
-0.1697206050157547,
0.9854351878166199,
0.6286491751670837,
-0.4075152575969696,
-0.0443565770983696,
-0.9195894002914429,
-0.14562122523784637,
0.02733505517244339,
0.21334677934646606,
-0.513982892036438,
-0.4547363519668579,
-0.13619031012058258,
-0.20763950049877167,
0.3830573558807373,
-0.3873599171638489,
0.5406869649887085,
-0.43562814593315125,
0.47532975673675537,
0.13350874185562134,
0.18834038078784943,
-0.3170667290687561,
0.6964106559753418,
0.03467818349599838,
-0.4615674614906311,
-0.19316959381103516,
-0.009399005211889744,
0.6347913146018982,
0.5336021184921265,
0.5628662705421448,
0.7142170071601868,
-0.07946925610303879,
0.05950719118118286,
-0.632084310054779,
0.2218630164861679,
0.20810821652412415,
-0.6799562573432922,
0.2960459589958191,
0.09834004938602448,
-0.7657099962234497,
0.39016658067703247,
-0.006887916941195726,
-0.12550155818462372,
-0.4027264416217804,
0.1689242422580719,
0.09687965363264084,
0.10547979921102524,
0.506604015827179,
-0.07242969423532486,
0.6562550067901611,
-0.7218307852745056,
-0.8258237242698669,
0.26841357350349426,
-0.8518074154853821,
0.06447479128837585,
0.40721121430397034,
-0.6108077764511108,
-0.5488228797912598,
-0.09512679278850555,
-0.0747687891125679,
0.6158072352409363,
1.0279792547225952,
0.8203597664833069,
-0.48650839924812317,
-0.2938067615032196,
0.08471972495317459,
-0.3655892610549927,
-0.9149631261825562,
1.3779387474060059,
0.14036822319030762,
0.7891353368759155,
-0.34590455889701843,
-0.37729859352111816,
-0.0000187203440873418,
0.6331278681755066,
0.09381436556577682,
0.138162299990654,
-0.3717729151248932,
0.24561573565006256,
-0.39704450964927673,
0.1904810220003128,
-0.1604684293270111,
-0.4234916567802429,
-0.9376190900802612,
-0.09340184181928635,
0.3389971852302551,
0.6310865879058838,
-0.5335673093795776,
-0.7165615558624268,
-0.10399949550628662,
-0.28743934631347656,
-0.10055675357580185,
0.08705589920282364,
0.05044134706258774,
0.031234584748744965,
0.023189935833215714,
0.48747536540031433,
0.45779889822006226,
-0.0647374615073204,
-0.17247608304023743,
-0.3078439235687256,
0.1511128544807434,
-0.29690882563591003,
-0.4317043423652649,
0.3573278486728668,
-0.2861391603946686,
-0.18267720937728882,
0.4079977571964264,
-0.0784643217921257,
0.3292664885520935,
-0.26906299591064453,
-0.07978460192680359,
-0.44536614418029785,
0.15605245530605316,
-0.6227473020553589,
-0.500923752784729,
0.35027188062667847,
0.5930251479148865,
0.7558335065841675,
0.3590206503868103,
-0.5753533244132996,
0.8300241231918335,
-0.28181928396224976,
0.6269487738609314,
0.3630380928516388,
-0.49853581190109253,
-0.6820209622383118,
0.6709060072898865,
-0.6259373426437378,
-0.6667302846908569,
0.21463316679000854,
-0.4294728636741638,
0.4913383424282074,
-0.12117573618888855,
-0.16476036608219147,
0.563725471496582,
-0.01976107992231846,
-0.04618045315146446,
0.08204885572195053,
-0.40837687253952026,
-0.16598674654960632,
0.8732432723045349,
-0.1618208885192871,
-0.19303284585475922,
-0.5164867639541626,
-0.5709506273269653,
-0.7482264041900635,
0.5003033876419067,
0.676608145236969,
-0.248540461063385,
-0.46926504373550415,
0.07266843318939209,
0.6887786388397217,
-0.40894317626953125,
-0.20358312129974365,
0.32085567712783813,
0.04179434850811958,
-0.3124178946018219,
0.023609871044754982,
-0.17123845219612122,
-0.5175981521606445,
-0.16602496802806854,
0.14266815781593323,
-0.3898075222969055,
-0.3282718360424042,
-0.4892290532588959,
0.24223218858242035,
0.2237234264612198,
0.074180468916893,
-0.49933695793151855,
0.1962338387966156,
-0.2908988296985626,
0.015567820519208908,
-0.8154073357582092,
0.4387221932411194,
0.35927051305770874,
-0.8243311643600464,
-0.5254162549972534,
0.27247536182403564,
0.9126496315002441,
-0.4143630862236023,
0.4421207308769226,
-0.2520264983177185,
-0.782917857170105,
0.5400474667549133,
0.7015936970710754,
-0.5077371597290039,
0.6468533277511597,
-0.08372168987989426,
-0.7256582975387573,
0.8025693297386169,
0.3359355032444,
-0.11904978007078171,
0.6583824753761292,
0.30687716603279114,
0.49040061235427856,
-0.2002556174993515,
-0.18932828307151794,
-0.060344211757183075,
-0.05140017718076706,
-0.05187691003084183,
-0.8226097226142883,
-0.573153555393219,
0.22031667828559875,
0.42854493856430054,
-0.03211260586977005,
0.5529704093933105,
-0.9232267141342163,
0.020966114476323128,
0.38823431730270386,
-0.13866102695465088,
0.28439006209373474,
0.44511333107948303,
-0.25898075103759766,
-0.6500988602638245,
-0.04914949834346771,
0.5585646033287048,
0.02896472066640854,
0.2554715573787689,
1.1118417978286743,
0.6450066566467285,
-0.7028828263282776,
-0.9622657299041748,
0.2800581753253937,
0.5150907635688782,
-0.5014098882675171,
-1.3944417238235474,
1.0095101594924927,
0.5892320871353149,
-0.3960120975971222,
-0.4074806869029999,
-0.022506514564156532,
0.8458707332611084,
-0.42927661538124084,
-0.23445653915405273,
0.8119505643844604,
-0.3365503251552582,
0.417489618062973,
0.2844080328941345,
0.0015034134266898036,
-0.1382303088903427,
-0.1799275130033493,
0.5787206888198853,
0.05338818579912186,
0.09464069455862045,
-0.38532787561416626,
0.1426994949579239,
-1.0931484699249268,
-0.5981274247169495,
-0.23400750756263733,
0.5230955481529236,
-0.07530289143323898,
-0.21413427591323853,
-0.1416604071855545,
0.24826477468013763,
-0.8836087584495544,
-0.4928044378757477,
-0.6416665315628052,
-0.3462119400501251,
-0.029031967744231224,
0.3317156732082367,
0.11783667653799057,
0.03155362606048584,
-0.7461687326431274,
-0.606652557849884,
0.02722548320889473,
-0.8730219602584839,
0.560840904712677,
-0.7768551111221313,
-0.15450423955917358,
-0.130055233836174,
-0.59500652551651,
0.15005841851234436,
0.4438037872314453,
0.4412922263145447,
0.4327763617038727,
-0.49817249178886414,
0.05113259702920914,
-0.5338820219039917,
0.8011643886566162,
-0.38359585404396057,
-0.49339982867240906,
0.23531384766101837,
-0.20961807668209076,
-0.34168678522109985,
-1.159973382949829,
0.3195207118988037,
0.3173099756240845,
0.8344075083732605,
-0.0068511213175952435,
0.3933432996273041,
0.7845181822776794,
-0.5165738463401794,
0.24720387160778046,
0.10436084866523743,
-0.6003066897392273,
-0.857983410358429,
0.5361928939819336,
-0.6455360651016235,
0.3245061933994293,
0.504622220993042,
0.7840087413787842,
-0.29136136174201965,
0.8482974171638489,
0.00837620161473751,
0.2967333495616913,
0.2645159065723419,
0.5176600813865662,
-0.4305090010166168,
-1.0921645164489746,
-0.49224916100502014,
0.33870238065719604,
-0.8249767422676086,
-0.20746813714504242,
0.04753059148788452,
-0.5497655868530273,
-0.6298471689224243,
0.33535945415496826,
0.27875635027885437,
0.17679506540298462,
-0.18455445766448975,
0.15810444951057434,
0.5202690362930298,
-0.23198360204696655,
0.09191133081912994,
-0.17304347455501556,
0.6414411067962646,
-0.004204548429697752,
-0.4653105139732361,
-0.4639413356781006,
-0.4136236310005188,
-0.9910888671875,
-0.5317647457122803,
0.14781349897384644,
-0.19116230309009552,
-0.7365322709083557,
-0.3183809220790863,
0.24800468981266022,
-0.6712508797645569,
-1.2999444007873535,
0.4779255986213684,
-0.15585531294345856,
-0.178083598613739,
-0.7679136395454407,
0.5851845145225525,
-0.5444372296333313,
0.2316480576992035,
1.2366306781768799,
0.2993711829185486,
0.2540038526058197,
0.07510178536176682,
0.3514217734336853,
0.24677634239196777,
0.06007412075996399,
0.5482097268104553,
-0.04095492139458656,
-0.30471071600914,
-0.22728762030601501,
-0.5613285303115845,
0.3987605571746826,
-0.4936145544052124,
-0.14872300624847412,
-0.21925987303256989,
-0.4318405091762543,
-0.06925392895936966,
-0.09784267842769623,
-0.057514313608407974,
-0.7322689890861511,
0.316192626953125,
-0.15708716213703156,
-0.27041056752204895,
-0.39228716492652893,
-0.13938285410404205,
0.291147917509079,
-0.0627773180603981,
0.3768865466117859,
0.6828685402870178,
0.2214704006910324,
0.39476650953292847,
0.09964854270219803,
0.7998270988464355,
-0.2253413051366806,
0.5917248129844666,
0.5486933588981628,
-0.16998323798179626,
-0.03861256316304207,
-0.6283579468727112,
0.414773166179657,
-0.31183508038520813,
0.3182547092437744,
-0.18131347000598907,
0.6605566143989563,
0.14089520275592804,
-0.2360011637210846,
0.10635307431221008,
-0.37583041191101074,
-0.6171032786369324,
-0.4006911516189575,
0.06403062492609024,
-0.7498291730880737,
0.7024301886558533,
0.2887318730354309,
-0.29437366127967834,
-0.6367331147193909,
-0.10737541317939758,
-0.3230437934398651,
-0.5511773228645325,
0.6611225605010986,
-0.0355132594704628,
-0.8108636736869812,
0.07809127122163773,
-0.03463893011212349,
-0.5054469704627991,
-0.8209001421928406,
-0.370311975479126,
1.6581066846847534,
0.8081902265548706,
-0.27550169825553894,
-0.2611796259880066,
-0.21777388453483582,
0.07024668157100677,
0.39892274141311646,
0.6294146180152893,
0.3651759922504425,
-0.8437384366989136,
-1.026668906211853,
-1.001900553703308,
0.2273135930299759,
0.02889161743223667,
-0.11025742441415787,
-0.1134597584605217,
-0.3567921221256256,
-0.025308405980467796,
-0.40238916873931885,
0.6926488876342773,
-0.39209598302841187,
0.6906737089157104,
0.12871836125850677
]
|
123563 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livingston%2C%20Montana | Livingston, Montana | Livingston is the county seat of Park County, Montana, United States. It is in southwestern Montana, on the Yellowstone River, north of Yellowstone National Park. Its population was 8,040 at the 2020 census.
History
The founding of the small historical railroad and ranching town of Livingston is a direct result of the Northern Pacific Railway (NPR). This site became a centralized point in the Rockies and the NPR's location for railroad shops to service their steam trains before ascending the Bozeman Pass, the line's highest point, located immediately west. Livingston also became the first gateway town to America's first national park, Yellowstone, which the NPR promoted heavily to visitors from the East. The NPR also operated a branch line running 50 miles south through Paradise Valley, first to Cinnabar station and later to Yellowstone's north entrance in Gardiner.
Clark City
Downstream the Yellowstone River, about 3 miles from present-day Livingston, an old fisherman named Amos Benson built a log cabin in 1872. This is where a ferry, a trading post and a small community called Benson's Landing was. Across the river from Benson's Landing in June 1882 was the camp of about 40 tents of the Northern Pacific survey crew. This is where they thought the supply store site they were looking for should be. On July 14, 1882, a man who worked for the Northern Pacific named Joseph J. McBride arrived with orders to find another site to build the store. On July 16, George H. Carver, who became a major local businessman and political leader, arrived at the site of present-day Livingston. Carver and McBride became the first local residents when they pitched their tents on the 16th. Also on the 16th arrived 30 freight wagons drawn by 140 oxen, carrying 140,000 lbs. of merchandise. The supply store was to be of Bruns and Kruntz, contractors. Eventually the tents gave way to log cabins. All of Benson's Landing encampment moved up the river to Carver and McBride's camp within 10 days of the train's arrival.
This new settlement was called "Clark City" after Heman Clark, the principal contractor for the Northern Pacific from the Missouri westward. By fall the town was well established and a November 1882 poll counted 348 votes for delegates to congress. Clark City was on the southeast side at the East end of Lewis St. just southwest of the KPRK, and is now part of Livingston. B.F. Downen built the first permanent residence (out of wood) and Frank White owned the first saloon. Clark City eventually had 6 general stores, 2 hotels, 2 restaurants, 2 watchmakers, 2 wholesale liquor dealers, 2 meat markets, 3 blacksmiths, 1 hardware store, 30 saloons and a population of 500.
As Clark City was growing nobody realized that the Northern Pacific had marked on its maps a town called Livingston at the same place. The railroad officially reached Clark City on November 22, 1882. In October 1882 a post office was chartered for Clark City. In November, Livingston received its charter. That was when it was decided that Livingston be located a short distance away. Then Clark City residents bought lots in Livingston and moved. The birth of Livingston was the death of Clark City. The walking distance between them was considerable and Clark City became stream-and-bog urban wildland. Very few buildings still remain.
Incorporation
On December 21, 1882, Livingston was incorporated and named in honor of Johnston Livingston, pioneer Northern Pacific Railway stockholder, director and friend of Northern Pacific Railroad President Henry Villard. Johnston Livingston was director from 1875 to 1881 and 1884–1887. Crawford Livingston Jr., Johnston's nephew, is more commonly considered the town's namesake. Crawford bought the real estate after the survey and on July 17, 1883, established the First National Bank in the city. Often he spoke of Livingston as "his town," and he apparently enjoyed the publicity of supposedly having a city named for him. But the name Livingston has always stood out in the Northern Pacific official family.
Livingston is along the Yellowstone River where it bends from north to east toward Billings and in proximity to Interstate 90. In July 1806 Captain William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition camped on the city's present outskirts on the return trip east preparing to descend the Yellowstone River. Clark's party rejoined the Lewis party at the confluence with the Missouri River, near Williston, North Dakota.
Attractions
Although small, Livingston has a number of popular tourist attractions. The Livingston Depot, built in 1902 after two predecessors, is a restored rail station that houses a railroad museum open from May to September. The Yellowstone Gateway Museum documents regional history from one of the oldest North American archaeological sites to Wild Western and Yellowstone history. The International Fly Fishing Federation's museum is an extensive introduction to a popular game sport and hosts annual enthusiast meetings. The city was inhabited for two decades by Calamity Jane and visited by a number of traveling members of European royalty.
In 1938, Dan Bailey, an eastern fly-fisherman, established Dan Bailey's Fly Shop and mail order fly tying business on Park Street. Also in Livingston is the Fly Fishing Discovery Center, a museum operated by the Federation of Fly Fishers. Actors Peter Fonda and Margot Kidder, Saturday Night Live alumnus Rich Hall, musician Ron Strykert, novelist Walter Kirn, and poet Jim Harrison have lived in the city. Jimmy Buffett mentions Livingston in multiple songs.
Its economy is flat, and like the rest of the state, the unemployment rate is below the national average. Almost 50% of its workforce commutes to Bozeman, as well as the destination resort Chico Hot Springs 25 miles south, and various campsites and ranches in Paradise Valley. Recently the city has invested in attractions and accommodation for tourists visiting during the Lewis and Clark bicentennial years.
Livingston and its immediately adjacent area has 17 sites listed on the National Register of Historic Places, enumerated within Park County's NRHP listings.
It has a sister-city relationship with Naganohara, Japan.
Geography
Livingston is located at (45.658840, -110.563718), at an elevation of 4,501 feet (1372 m).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water.
Climate
Livingston has some of the warmest winters in the state, but the temperature can feel cold because Livingston is also one of the windiest places in the United States, having the 2nd highest average wind speed among airport/AMOS stations from 2000 to 2010.
Demographics
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 7,044 people, 3,356 households, and 1,744 families living in the city. The population density was . There were 3,779 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 96.2% White, 0.1% African American, 0.8% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 2.0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.5% of the population.
There were 3,356 households, of which 24.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.2% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 48.0% were non-families. 40.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.07 and the average family size was 2.81.
The median age in the city was 41.1 years. 21% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.3% were from 25 to 44; 28.9% were from 45 to 64; and 16.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.5% male and 51.5% female.
2000 census
At the 2000 census, there were 6,851 people, 3,084 households and 1,751 families living in the city. The population density was 2,601.3 per square mile (1,005.8/km). There were 3,360 housing units at an average density of 1,275.8 per square mile (493.3/km). The racial makeup of the city was 96.39% White, 0.31% African American, 0.98% Native American, 0.50% Asian, 0.60% from other races, and 1.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.16% of the population.
There were 3,084 households, of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.2% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.86.
Age distribution was 22.7% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 18.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.
The median household income was $28,980, and the median family income was $40,505. Males had a median income of $26,619 versus $18,684 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,636. About 5.6% of families and 12.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.0% of those under age 18 and 10.4% of those age 65 or over.
Economy
Historically a railroad city until the mid-1980s, the city today depends significantly on tourism. The Federation of Fly Fishers is based in Livingston.
Top employers
According to Livingston's 2011 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top private employers in Park County (the city's website refers to approximately a hundred public employees) are:
Infrastructure
Mission Field is a public use airport located five miles east of town.
Education
Livingston Public Schools educates students from kindergarten through 12th grade. Park High School's team name is the Rangers.
Livingston has a public library, the Livingston-Park County Public Library.
Media
Newspapers
Livingston Enterprise is a local daily newspaper, and the Livingston Current (preceded by the Park County Press and Park County Weekly) is a weekly newspaper. The monthly Montana Pioneer and bimonthly Atlantis Rising are also Livingston-based.
AM radio
KBOZ 1090, (Talk/personality), Reier Broadcasting Company
KOBB 1230, (Sports talk), Reier Broadcasting Company
KPRK AM 1340, (Talk), GapWest Broadcasting
KMMS 1450, ( News/talk), GapWest Broadcasting
FM radio
KLEU 91.1, (Christian music/talk programming), Hi-Line Radio Fellowship
KGLT 91.9, (Variety), Montana State University-Bozeman
KOBB-FM 93.7, (Oldies), Reier Broadcasting Company
KMMS-FM 94.7, (Adult album), GapWest Broadcasting
KISN 96.7, (Top 40 (CHR)), GapWest Broadcasting
KOZB 97.5, (Classic rock), Reier Broadcasting Company
KBOZ-FM 99.9, (Country music), Reier Broadcasting Company
KXLB 100.7, (Country music), GapWest Broadcasting
KBMC (FM) 102.1, (Variety), Montana State University-Billings
KZMY 103.5, (Hot adult contemporary), GapWest Broadcasting
KBZM 104.7, (Classic hits), Orion Media
KSCY 106.9, (Country music), Orion Media
Television
Bozeman Market
KTVM 6 NBC, Bonten Media Group
KBZK 7 CBS, Evening Post Publishing Company
KUSM 9 PBS, Montana State University
Billings Market
KULR 8 NBC, Cowles Montana Media
KTVQ-TV 2 CBS, Evening Post Publishing Company
Filmography
The city of Livingston has been a staging area or location for a number of films, including:
Rancho Deluxe, 1975
Amazing Grace and Chuck, 1987
A River Runs Through It, 1992
The Horse Whisperer, 1998
Cowboys vs. Dinosaurs, 2015
Certain Women, 2016
Walking Out, 2017
Wildlife (film), 2018
Set in Livingston
Yellowstone (American TV series), 2018 continuing
Notable people
Dan Bailey, renowned fly tyer and owner of Dan Bailey's Fly Shop
Arthur Blank, owner of Paradise Valley Pop Stand and Grill and Mountain Sky Guest Ranch
Ed Bouchee, major league baseball first baseman
Tom Brokaw, television journalist
Tim Cahill, travel writer
Calamity Jane, cavalry scout, western heroine
Russell Chatham, landscape artist
Michael Dahlquist, drummer for the band Silkworm
Al Feldstein, comic artist and painter
Mayhew Foster, World War II pilot who transported Hermann Göring
Chad Franscoviak, sound engineer
Cassidy Freeman, actress
Eduardo Garcia, chef and businessman
Charles Garnier Sr., Founder, Garnier Cigar Company Est. 1886, 6-term mayor of Livingston elected 1901
Thomas Goltz, journalist and author
Rich Hall, comedian, writer and musician
Jim Harrison, poet and author (Legends of the Fall)
Torey Hayden, psychologist and author
William Hjortsberg, author & screenwriter (Falling Angel, Legend (1985 film)
Margot Kidder, actress
Walter Kirn, novelist
Thomas Leforge, mid-19th century liaison to and resident among the Crow Tribe
Pete Lovely, race car driver
John Mayer, musician
Thomas McGuane, writer, novelist, film director, screenwriter
P.W. Nelson, lawman, town marshal, first police chief of Livingston
Ken Niles, radio announcer and actor (Out of the Past)
Wendell Niles, radio announcer, actor
James F. O'Connor, United States Representative from Montana
Christopher Paolini, author of the Inheritance Cycle
Sam Peckinpah, film director; resided at the Murray Hotel from 1979 to 1984
Lester Thurow, economist, author and Rhodes Scholar
References
External links
Livingston Chamber of Commerce - Information about the Livingston area
City of Livingston
The Livingston Enterprise - Daily newspaper
The Livingston Current - Weekly newspaper
The Montana Pioneer - Monthly newspaper
Arts Montana - Community cultural links and arts events
Cities in Park County, Montana
County seats in Montana
Populated places established in 1882
1882 establishments in Montana Territory
Railway towns in Montana
Cities in Montana | [
0.023991500958800316,
0.607856035232544,
0.3297528922557831,
0.08427946269512177,
0.7975522875785828,
0.3817082643508911,
0.5289300084114075,
0.7330376505851746,
-0.09486044943332672,
-0.11670924723148346,
0.1941831111907959,
0.042086511850357056,
-0.46462300419807434,
0.7261355519294739,
-1.2234331369400024,
0.6190886497497559,
0.46753257513046265,
0.6323081254959106,
0.644773006439209,
-0.39275848865509033,
0.19997826218605042,
-0.39859944581985474,
0.3439212739467621,
0.8175949454307556,
-0.03098348341882229,
0.5637947916984558,
0.5693148970603943,
0.13968250155448914,
-0.3204883933067322,
0.12674449384212494,
-0.44459518790245056,
0.00873027928173542,
-0.2266862988471985,
0.1382511854171753,
0.4041329622268677,
-0.33337095379829407,
0.2057558298110962,
0.40211525559425354,
0.0029213414527475834,
-0.6148598194122314,
-0.6061364412307739,
0.32153448462486267,
0.4584343731403351,
-0.33256492018699646,
0.37685513496398926,
-0.6863386034965515,
-1.062419056892395,
0.9158909320831299,
-0.6934198141098022,
-0.2804177403450012,
-0.6694303154945374,
-0.07746531814336777,
0.1582694947719574,
0.21512939035892487,
0.8619530200958252,
0.5011012554168701,
-0.6632248163223267,
-0.13784067332744598,
0.6380335092544556,
0.9297338724136353,
-0.7368296980857849,
0.9707990288734436,
-0.2527884840965271,
-0.17896920442581177,
-0.1807831972837448,
-0.33284279704093933,
-0.0598917230963707,
0.5168885588645935,
0.07947830110788345,
-0.9821435213088989,
-0.3290238380432129,
0.37187516689300537,
-0.28438475728034973,
0.5722238421440125,
0.21289142966270447,
0.6442727446556091,
-0.4649174213409424,
-0.13251955807209015,
0.3045535683631897,
-0.3967207968235016,
0.13922223448753357,
0.05910950154066086,
0.30261337757110596,
-0.10277736186981201,
0.3749384582042694,
0.27725526690483093,
-1.0684103965759277,
-0.06733206659555435,
0.7253720164299011,
0.7268254160881042,
-0.4769618511199951,
-0.1641349345445633,
-0.363844633102417,
-0.17686296999454498,
-0.2777549624443054,
-0.441948801279068,
0.08325565606355667,
0.3630615472793579,
-0.07082171738147736,
0.36517199873924255,
-0.45799264311790466,
-0.09822308272123337,
0.9238418936729431,
-0.4297751784324646,
-0.2500678300857544,
-0.42545953392982483,
-0.7463496923446655,
0.018517497926950455,
0.6852017641067505,
-0.0006787223974242806,
-0.6147169470787048,
0.424597829580307,
-0.22709345817565918,
-0.727155864238739,
-0.6094797253608704,
0.14492890238761902,
-0.09385243058204651,
-0.5841752886772156,
-0.5299586057662964,
-0.5174387097358704,
-0.06725501269102097,
0.6962291598320007,
-0.3754332959651947,
0.07396625727415085,
-0.2649976313114166,
-0.10859095305204391,
0.4307944178581238,
-0.3576318323612213,
0.30169257521629333,
0.20436282455921173,
-0.7774037718772888,
0.5173289775848389,
-0.26515597105026245,
0.6381524205207825,
-0.1756107211112976,
-0.8066609501838684,
0.4847430884838104,
-0.2625647783279419,
0.6273561716079712,
0.28274771571159363,
-1.0916908979415894,
-0.07255658507347107,
-0.00981829408556223,
0.30564185976982117,
0.7141069769859314,
-0.5232275128364563,
0.004332414828240871,
-0.4826371371746063,
-0.14108428359031677,
0.057229869067668915,
0.41750144958496094,
0.4350757300853729,
0.048801351338624954,
0.631928563117981,
0.16083209216594696,
0.019931986927986145,
0.6255371570587158,
0.4937562644481659,
0.6435762643814087,
0.08686120808124542,
0.049004893749952316,
0.5606708526611328,
0.82159423828125,
0.32334843277931213,
0.6354019045829773,
-0.16632790863513947,
1.0264695882797241,
-0.12441403418779373,
0.2571469843387604,
0.14670909941196442,
-0.3721506595611572,
0.223064586520195,
0.3340110182762146,
-0.2858496904373169,
0.3654593825340271,
-0.4342286288738251,
0.14448678493499756,
0.3585831820964813,
0.16210418939590454,
-0.4266679883003235,
-0.8451022505760193,
1.217267394065857,
-0.3425546884536743,
-0.6605086922645569,
-0.2771717607975006,
0.16335393488407135,
0.2783620059490204,
-0.05788489431142807,
-0.7831747531890869,
-1.0434694290161133,
-0.14417332410812378,
-0.507707417011261,
0.9510350227355957,
-0.012564603239297867,
0.8440951108932495,
0.18042407929897308,
0.07429176568984985,
0.5064750909805298,
-0.6756594181060791,
0.15031446516513824,
-0.3976953327655792,
-0.13664668798446655,
0.7493579983711243,
-0.34737730026245117,
-0.21453489363193512,
-0.023161858320236206,
-0.018572436645627022,
-0.20040374994277954,
0.6762768030166626,
1.3217272758483887,
-0.01891215331852436,
-0.418795108795166,
-0.2015221267938614,
1.264306902885437,
-0.8833033442497253,
-0.3009631037712097,
-0.485871285200119,
-0.39690569043159485,
0.34301039576530457,
0.20434942841529846,
0.59134840965271,
0.3588835597038269,
0.03709236532449722,
-0.13874465227127075,
0.09707984328269958,
0.2963726818561554,
0.7047598361968994,
0.34841620922088623,
-1.0651787519454956,
0.5655531287193298,
-0.39723896980285645,
-0.15337905287742615,
0.21587242186069489,
-0.8022223711013794,
-0.3155877888202667,
-0.34044966101646423,
0.04816374182701111,
-0.41431260108947754,
0.5318396687507629,
-0.33424174785614014,
0.016286052763462067,
-0.25358960032463074,
-0.34901323914527893,
-0.005193368531763554,
0.2799309194087982,
0.8928487300872803,
-0.06755401194095612,
-0.028619006276130676,
0.5801550149917603,
-0.6137046813964844,
0.1232539638876915,
-0.10191211849451065,
0.6555081605911255,
-0.48838886618614197,
0.39037004113197327,
0.003119636792689562,
0.0452045314013958,
-0.22408348321914673,
0.05609386786818504,
0.5890348553657532,
-0.5078461170196533,
0.1478377729654312,
-0.3141573667526245,
-0.5913870930671692,
0.2435699999332428,
-0.26131945848464966,
-0.4189189374446869,
-0.3808263838291168,
-0.3166714310646057,
0.4689396023750305,
0.23372653126716614,
-0.6178699731826782,
-0.48978206515312195,
-0.6071041822433472,
0.6259461045265198,
0.6051493287086487,
-0.47734761238098145,
-0.7738443613052368,
-0.5773781538009644,
0.1436287760734558,
0.5289768576622009,
1.1558446884155273,
-0.5661613345146179,
-0.3646993935108185,
-0.09340468049049377,
-0.9655631184577942,
1.1376128196716309,
-0.9354848861694336,
-0.08203887939453125,
-0.3790031373500824,
-0.32432958483695984,
-0.2798836827278137,
-0.3585510849952698,
0.6050043702125549,
-0.2672978937625885,
-0.044934581965208054,
0.2077215611934662,
-0.15551450848579407,
0.4354496896266937,
-0.7161098122596741,
-0.2973388135433197,
0.2115786373615265,
-0.23054571449756622,
0.2779409885406494,
0.4787547290325165,
-0.7937473058700562,
0.7844820618629456,
-0.45613396167755127,
-4.210247993469238,
0.7609266042709351,
-0.7701624035835266,
-0.7694153785705566,
0.6460764408111572,
-0.8079454302787781,
0.3391515612602234,
-0.6431350708007812,
-0.09140029549598694,
0.2622365355491638,
0.2126990556716919,
-0.2602194547653198,
-0.25421541929244995,
0.6764894723892212,
0.5133141279220581,
0.4943581521511078,
0.5956724882125854,
-0.9012930989265442,
0.8821277022361755,
0.6805187463760376,
-0.2602826952934265,
0.2886827290058136,
-0.09072696417570114,
-0.4457150101661682,
1.1568917036056519,
0.9062315225601196,
-0.11138670146465302,
-0.41751107573509216,
-0.23722931742668152,
-0.08372960984706879,
-0.061654627323150635,
0.3767189383506775,
-0.2457340806722641,
-0.2506125569343567,
0.019958896562457085,
-0.23516139388084412,
-0.2520805895328522,
-0.10966873914003372,
1.0279958248138428,
-0.2844812273979187,
0.6671574711799622,
0.47282689809799194,
-0.15583129227161407,
-0.12230890244245529,
0.9688255190849304,
-0.4246114492416382,
-0.11900914460420609,
-0.22215478122234344,
-0.6927227973937988,
0.9374257326126099,
0.732343316078186,
-0.07231046259403229,
0.9015805721282959,
0.059243932366371155,
0.07348819822072983,
-0.420676589012146,
-0.1671644002199173,
0.0714547336101532,
-0.6711288094520569,
1.137178659439087,
-0.20292091369628906,
-0.898922324180603,
-0.36994829773902893,
-0.04505434259772301,
-0.08074777573347092,
-0.1263962984085083,
0.4128047525882721,
-0.23436564207077026,
-0.08298984169960022,
0.5274068117141724,
-0.28735944628715515,
0.9170946478843689,
-0.363730251789093,
-0.6445956230163574,
-0.19091707468032837,
-0.5251702070236206,
-0.8384725451469421,
0.05888988822698593,
-0.5434325933456421,
-0.05095863714814186,
-0.5097006559371948,
0.03246749937534332,
0.3055238127708435,
0.8476871252059937,
-0.030542392283678055,
-0.6265129446983337,
-0.49913689494132996,
0.2682035267353058,
0.02158704586327076,
-0.8027796745300293,
0.6591109037399292,
-0.014926070347428322,
0.5350340604782104,
-0.0911589041352272,
-0.5863772034645081,
-0.21654337644577026,
0.9247866272926331,
0.14981025457382202,
-0.48913079500198364,
-0.8066554665565491,
0.5015984773635864,
0.3592606782913208,
0.23803117871284485,
-0.4311726987361908,
-0.3100460469722748,
-1.3903294801712036,
-0.6761806011199951,
0.7557281255722046,
0.2663493752479553,
-0.6667930483818054,
-0.9053995609283447,
-0.1315772533416748,
-0.5450323224067688,
-0.25598734617233276,
0.2451094686985016,
-0.18624664843082428,
-0.1498444527387619,
0.6557589769363403,
0.7459985613822937,
0.1707608848810196,
-0.26202628016471863,
0.12481290102005005,
0.15452419221401215,
0.20617669820785522,
-0.7688581347465515,
-0.6621896028518677,
0.04631898179650307,
0.3398704528808594,
-0.6618044376373291,
0.713994026184082,
-0.3938804268836975,
0.08486548811197281,
-0.582281231880188,
-0.42350322008132935,
-0.8343150615692139,
0.38198122382164,
-0.4020926356315613,
-0.9308800101280212,
0.2615528702735901,
0.472469300031662,
0.3009880781173706,
0.24448074400424957,
-0.04823768511414528,
0.7885316610336304,
-0.7015149593353271,
-0.010504734702408314,
0.6220209002494812,
0.09906709939241409,
-0.44184446334838867,
0.28839826583862305,
-0.8962202072143555,
-0.5431406497955322,
0.3938729166984558,
-0.8005396723747253,
0.6862953305244446,
-0.05029398575425148,
0.08078527450561523,
0.43559059500694275,
0.35612553358078003,
-0.2624795138835907,
0.42958322167396545,
-0.47714748978614807,
-0.26497682929039,
0.826626718044281,
0.0790119618177414,
-0.49775171279907227,
-0.7473594546318054,
-0.1791553795337677,
-0.8852502107620239,
0.22227226197719574,
0.6644598841667175,
-0.765383780002594,
-0.5152125358581543,
-0.5155811905860901,
-0.07075034081935883,
-0.2343049943447113,
0.4653821587562561,
0.26080480217933655,
-0.3496158719062805,
-0.2649402618408203,
0.2319960743188858,
-0.6394278407096863,
-0.6342025399208069,
0.5246882438659668,
0.42589566111564636,
-0.48359712958335876,
-0.2966800630092621,
-0.6568990349769592,
0.371836394071579,
0.22937308251857758,
-0.3266989588737488,
-0.48810312151908875,
0.3211434781551361,
-0.06321990489959717,
0.03121722862124443,
-0.5529632568359375,
0.7748628854751587,
-0.31692835688591003,
-0.39309731125831604,
-0.7783259749412537,
-0.4043855667114258,
1.0258549451828003,
0.3171084523200989,
0.509553074836731,
0.08207254111766815,
-0.12763990461826324,
0.3598456084728241,
0.5733804702758789,
-0.8287988305091858,
0.5742377042770386,
-0.37836456298828125,
-0.7801049947738647,
0.5251147150993347,
0.264434814453125,
-0.15151897072792053,
0.8060329556465149,
0.428178995847702,
0.3446974456310272,
-0.24942617118358612,
-0.05873791500926018,
-0.2544057369232178,
0.3065492510795593,
-0.096977099776268,
-0.5955460667610168,
0.044317007064819336,
0.43134820461273193,
-0.10805685818195343,
-0.13077490031719208,
1.6949217319488525,
-1.2469433546066284,
-0.36313000321388245,
0.06458777189254761,
0.13775400817394257,
0.1706656813621521,
0.36857491731643677,
-0.008065485395491123,
0.12060748040676117,
0.30022335052490234,
0.3758126199245453,
-0.3487499952316284,
0.406882107257843,
1.0320998430252075,
0.3004482686519623,
-0.0235610231757164,
-0.361690878868103,
0.3576747477054596,
0.8000112771987915,
-0.05943778529763222,
-1.622817039489746,
0.6838387250900269,
0.6529534459114075,
-0.4256952404975891,
-0.6799946427345276,
-0.08710798621177673,
1.4664734601974487,
-0.3465276062488556,
-0.27146899700164795,
1.416568398475647,
-0.2909321188926697,
0.09365076571702957,
0.06624368578195572,
0.3079257905483246,
0.16020865738391876,
0.24762101471424103,
0.6945019960403442,
-0.11910033226013184,
0.35839709639549255,
-0.0866585373878479,
0.5786088705062866,
-0.5028594136238098,
-0.5885881185531616,
-0.569693386554718,
0.5170945525169373,
0.11134105920791626,
-0.2462795078754425,
0.2971876263618469,
-0.0029168969485908747,
-0.26970434188842773,
-0.23119939863681793,
0.2099824845790863,
-0.19670815765857697,
0.34335994720458984,
-0.006212342064827681,
0.032290827482938766,
0.6205987930297852,
-0.05439535900950432,
-0.3441469669342041,
0.26535895466804504,
-0.6165887117385864,
0.048834096640348434,
-0.2148016393184662,
-0.5270357131958008,
0.165901318192482,
-1.3920620679855347,
-0.03388318419456482,
0.5426981449127197,
0.03442678228020668,
0.44943660497665405,
-0.28742516040802,
0.03865813836455345,
-0.9426079392433167,
1.0997754335403442,
-0.2070002406835556,
-1.1950238943099976,
0.49959084391593933,
0.23815248906612396,
-0.7598526477813721,
-0.6751906871795654,
0.12179083377122879,
-0.15904678404331207,
0.22262054681777954,
0.08173973113298416,
0.178420752286911,
0.3884934186935425,
-0.8246584534645081,
0.42700839042663574,
0.34524059295654297,
-0.34227028489112854,
-1.148832082748413,
0.36507466435432434,
-1.0428478717803955,
-0.1197463870048523,
0.6629068851470947,
0.8255793452262878,
0.11410500109195709,
0.5812798142433167,
0.42436328530311584,
-0.1015227735042572,
0.23868201673030853,
0.2242361605167389,
0.023642415180802345,
-0.3940938115119934,
-1.307565450668335,
0.4255395233631134,
-0.8391019105911255,
-0.2853769361972809,
0.1437934786081314,
-0.6719286441802979,
-0.49750983715057373,
0.9054867029190063,
0.10047385841608047,
0.4784230589866638,
-0.2979609966278076,
0.3429541289806366,
-0.18444977700710297,
-0.33101046085357666,
0.026990629732608795,
-0.16394896805286407,
-0.024142751470208168,
-0.6139085292816162,
0.04129279777407646,
0.04424319043755531,
-0.9226572513580322,
-0.08584123104810715,
-0.6048534512519836,
0.10255150496959686,
-0.11155224591493607,
-0.42588183283805847,
-0.17316627502441406,
-0.3742051124572754,
-0.357643187046051,
-0.5216146111488342,
0.798359215259552,
0.10726845264434814,
0.025571972131729126,
-0.02869945764541626,
1.0314347743988037,
-0.040473636239767075,
0.04738887771964073,
0.8003626465797424,
0.3610070049762726,
0.5216363668441772,
0.26659899950027466,
-0.18940167129039764,
0.7062991261482239,
0.579947292804718,
-0.38324883580207825,
0.6792032718658447,
-0.5615943670272827,
-0.030796591192483902,
-0.6223521828651428,
0.02320452779531479,
-0.30859529972076416,
-0.24841172993183136,
-0.3773004114627838,
-0.23063048720359802,
-0.5173133611679077,
-0.004351024981588125,
0.30423691868782043,
-0.46219372749328613,
0.4505743682384491,
-0.3828478455543518,
-0.15705150365829468,
-0.22978675365447998,
-0.3905104696750641,
0.19398175179958344,
-0.09267473965883255,
0.798288881778717,
0.872499942779541,
0.4885697662830353,
0.6783232688903809,
-0.15638238191604614,
-0.035631392151117325,
-0.6463055610656738,
0.5440270304679871,
0.8518659472465515,
-0.3602755069732666,
0.2948441505432129,
-1.1093616485595703,
0.22708913683891296,
-0.6293673515319824,
0.32728978991508484,
-0.32521745562553406,
0.7410764694213867,
-0.2784247100353241,
0.2848849892616272,
0.34957805275917053,
-0.2673274278640747,
-0.6179543733596802,
-0.38043010234832764,
0.6831271648406982,
-0.6269134879112244,
0.4911767542362213,
0.6942800283432007,
-0.10645885765552521,
-0.20221976935863495,
0.007329087238758802,
0.0708998516201973,
-0.925923228263855,
0.4279365837574005,
-0.036117181181907654,
-0.48555049300193787,
0.014816313982009888,
-0.20124532282352448,
-0.39734604954719543,
-0.580690324306488,
-0.6157209873199463,
1.3942387104034424,
0.2536759078502655,
-0.35601702332496643,
-0.5783819556236267,
-0.029265940189361572,
-0.3529846966266632,
0.3897068202495575,
0.04307723417878151,
0.2728193402290344,
-0.998958945274353,
-0.8040260672569275,
-0.6824331879615784,
0.15358182787895203,
0.18136563897132874,
-0.06359078735113144,
0.16773007810115814,
-0.3459385335445404,
0.0034149393904954195,
0.276529461145401,
0.6432251930236816,
-1.2178435325622559,
1.1957650184631348,
0.11331513524055481
]
|
123564 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application%20of%20tensor%20theory%20in%20engineering | Application of tensor theory in engineering | Tensors are frequently used in engineering to describe measured quantities.
Common applications
Representing mechanical stress as the Cauchy stress tensor in continuum mechanics
Measuring deformations (finite deformation tensors) and strain (strain tensor) in continuum mechanics
Representing diffusion as a tensor in Diffusion tensor imaging
Describing moments of inertia as the inertia tensor
See also
Mathematical physics
Tensors | [
0.2979499101638794,
0.37036874890327454,
-0.14649207890033722,
0.11928227543830872,
-0.25397416949272156,
0.25179386138916016,
-0.17995379865169525,
-0.0036476075183600187,
-0.2875308096408844,
-0.5957857370376587,
-0.22366487979888916,
0.7054057717323303,
-0.08277835696935654,
0.4638029634952545,
-0.20928417146205902,
0.7768794298171997,
-0.09337697178125381,
0.21619775891304016,
0.14392846822738647,
-0.05574099346995354,
-0.17721045017242432,
-0.19691979885101318,
0.3916134238243103,
-0.08351249992847443,
-0.11004884541034698,
-0.2794869542121887,
0.28319352865219116,
0.5361592173576355,
0.010897910222411156,
0.47906434535980225,
0.15401789546012878,
0.6951918601989746,
-0.9070141315460205,
0.06170773133635521,
-0.36712202429771423,
0.03742199391126633,
-0.06662499904632568,
-0.12086217850446701,
0.015360256657004356,
-0.612984836101532,
0.6006423234939575,
-0.17849992215633392,
0.23593667149543762,
0.4506416320800781,
-0.27970266342163086,
-0.5450802445411682,
-2.031182050704956,
-0.4482443630695343,
-0.9349613785743713,
-0.25216343998908997,
-0.3837258815765381,
0.5249853730201721,
-0.17999762296676636,
0.36936354637145996,
-0.18020930886268616,
0.8028587102890015,
-0.5282782912254333,
-0.07133147120475769,
0.39983877539634705,
-0.38456645607948303,
0.7114585041999817,
0.20944540202617645,
-0.32473108172416687,
0.5055994987487793,
0.29617610573768616,
0.42183247208595276,
-0.3785513639450073,
-0.2891751527786255,
-0.6364976763725281,
-0.2907206416130066,
-0.30769988894462585,
-0.06803951412439346,
-0.13907136023044586,
0.2906736135482788,
-0.5132120251655579,
-0.03648225963115692,
-0.16402406990528107,
-0.1102096438407898,
-0.36892056465148926,
0.10163775086402893,
0.0686732828617096,
0.7747489809989929,
0.6062541604042053,
-0.17422039806842804,
0.4203305244445801,
0.23078367114067078,
-0.550094723701477,
0.7927376627922058,
-0.23079141974449158,
0.7945713400840759,
-0.054628778249025345,
-0.24381141364574432,
0.6318751573562622,
0.0974917933344841,
0.7070916295051575,
0.24322602152824402,
0.030874375253915787,
-0.3403145968914032,
-0.21520476043224335,
0.3388347029685974,
0.11058243364095688,
-0.028945043683052063,
0.10116560757160187,
-0.3957580626010895,
-0.14245478808879852,
-0.40829727053642273,
-0.5165455937385559,
-0.18571528792381287,
-0.19516238570213318,
-1.0050851106643677,
-0.5697695016860962,
0.0005193547112867236,
-0.1454719752073288,
-0.43291130661964417,
-0.3537735044956207,
0.21084082126617432,
0.3358587920665741,
0.2639310657978058,
0.02331879362463951,
0.5542717576026917,
-0.1288502812385559,
0.7967837452888489,
-0.2816499173641205,
0.25210681557655334,
-0.011386118829250336,
0.41407039761543274,
0.5486788749694824,
0.6432371139526367,
-0.4199625551700592,
-0.17245441675186157,
-0.022947967052459717,
1.503875732421875,
0.19268445670604706,
0.07509563118219376,
-0.0964193269610405,
-0.39746204018592834,
0.24559108912944794,
0.0034880272578448057,
-0.3693333864212036,
0.19521395862102509,
-0.8670015335083008,
-0.4704703688621521,
-1.0254992246627808,
-0.32075926661491394,
0.5219528079032898,
-0.47274312376976013,
-0.006857913453131914,
-0.5710421800613403,
-0.003918855916708708,
0.14803284406661987,
-0.1757826954126358,
-0.15404649078845978,
-0.9004217386245728,
0.5290282964706421,
0.016489000990986824,
0.593532383441925,
0.3383421301841736,
-0.03376985713839531,
0.13245558738708496,
0.3044891059398651,
-0.2387082427740097,
-0.14978066086769104,
-0.5118436217308044,
-0.14194761216640472,
-0.20436713099479675,
-0.7201164960861206,
0.7428948879241943,
0.45765167474746704,
0.19075843691825867,
0.07488871365785599,
-0.6895644068717957,
-0.6551024913787842,
-0.15461987257003784,
0.2020687311887741,
-0.025320926681160927,
-0.21389196813106537,
0.24019326269626617,
0.22584940493106842,
0.6811167001724243,
0.055647674947977066,
-0.43866825103759766,
0.439110666513443,
0.6296789646148682,
0.03138190507888794,
0.7431663274765015,
-0.24431556463241577,
0.3914748728275299,
-0.2810911238193512,
0.014377663843333721,
-0.4169662892818451,
-0.2867538332939148,
-0.26418161392211914,
0.1534092128276825,
-0.4684530198574066,
1.1701552867889404,
0.282928466796875,
-0.7336148023605347,
0.9911767244338989,
-0.682408332824707,
0.5525980591773987,
0.09325200319290161,
-0.13516385853290558,
0.1997048705816269,
-0.03819243982434273,
0.04527563601732254,
1.1304954290390015,
0.4348050355911255,
0.019549386575818062,
-0.491251140832901,
0.09552725404500961,
0.8518208265304565,
-0.3670624792575836,
0.06548875570297241,
-0.9322348237037659,
0.05457492917776108,
-0.19628553092479706,
-0.42235276103019714,
0.46868404746055603,
-0.26007670164108276,
0.1684381067752838,
1.3675267696380615,
0.035374101251363754,
-0.09306894242763519,
0.3314436674118042,
-0.06294082850217819,
-0.06367895752191544,
0.14904993772506714,
0.5315033793449402,
0.4279990494251251,
-0.49419131875038147,
0.04654260724782944,
0.21084722876548767,
0.1895918846130371,
-0.2523251175880432,
-0.5894144177436829,
-0.09586185961961746,
-0.14311029016971588,
0.08327788859605789,
0.09960717707872391,
-0.13727092742919922,
0.1685401201248169,
0.7715373039245605,
-1.0787203311920166,
0.4831590950489044,
-0.10373090952634811,
-0.20349909365177155,
-0.08423786610364914,
-0.20275872945785522,
-0.26211410760879517,
-0.3745396137237549,
0.10772903263568878,
0.13843223452568054,
0.2729578912258148,
-0.19558890163898468,
-0.11343394219875336,
-0.2885989546775818,
-0.17753762006759644,
0.13637344539165497,
-0.09605937451124191,
0.3807123899459839,
0.03626159578561783,
-0.3625766932964325,
0.15500150620937347,
-0.19014550745487213,
-0.17492663860321045,
-0.38581937551498413,
-0.29645031690597534,
-0.34170296788215637,
0.1383366584777832,
0.30277925729751587,
0.663287878036499,
0.054044511169195175,
-0.26245594024658203,
-1.25972318649292,
0.13741712272167206,
-0.4562672972679138,
0.06350333243608475,
0.07839818298816681,
-1.3138651847839355,
-0.18554699420928955,
0.6135408282279968,
0.6743502020835876,
0.4805082678794861,
-0.32519087195396423,
-0.07461702823638916,
-0.40902024507522583,
-0.14998966455459595,
0.052246253937482834,
0.390840619802475,
-0.42127853631973267,
-0.4144423305988312,
-0.057013969868421555,
-0.7030530571937561,
-0.01923554204404354,
0.08535753935575485,
0.794122040271759,
0.2501249611377716,
-0.013447309844195843,
0.3590396046638489,
-0.36369165778160095,
-0.647687554359436,
0.2821461260318756,
0.019716711714863777,
-0.2941442131996155,
-0.24562616646289825,
-0.18911206722259521,
-0.30168020725250244,
0.2880277931690216,
-5.176314830780029,
-0.3184184432029724,
-0.05834949389100075,
-0.280965119600296,
0.053105734288692474,
0.25625818967819214,
0.2459128201007843,
0.24564076960086823,
-0.036238815635442734,
-0.39117178320884705,
-0.3089413642883301,
0.23298132419586182,
-0.30986833572387695,
0.47780081629753113,
0.42512646317481995,
0.395877867937088,
1.1078342199325562,
0.17686665058135986,
0.3184276521205902,
0.4834224283695221,
-0.14248672127723694,
-0.2619785964488983,
-0.5108153820037842,
0.6303125023841858,
0.28141817450523376,
-0.09914370626211166,
-0.8887515068054199,
0.6941351294517517,
-0.48643049597740173,
0.3969028890132904,
0.10916294902563095,
-0.15504011511802673,
-0.22418680787086487,
-0.4272995591163635,
0.3380550444126129,
0.18791112303733826,
0.31309589743614197,
0.06316068768501282,
0.8215463757514954,
-0.414575457572937,
-0.37105727195739746,
0.6244821548461914,
-0.11929624527692795,
0.11098657548427582,
0.06687258929014206,
-0.5393461585044861,
-0.0838589072227478,
0.3862972557544708,
0.321939080953598,
0.7839396595954895,
-0.708105206489563,
0.12149731814861298,
1.1012736558914185,
-0.7084635496139526,
-0.1604340821504593,
-0.1520988792181015,
0.5528076887130737,
0.41863182187080383,
-0.39527907967567444,
0.517200767993927,
0.17612968385219574,
-0.6300469040870667,
0.4216175675392151,
-0.7284983992576599,
-0.4597017168998718,
-0.2733611762523651,
-0.7549311518669128,
-0.5233631134033203,
-0.003519059857353568,
-0.0876539945602417,
-0.038238104432821274,
1.3594567775726318,
-0.15448394417762756,
-0.5682492852210999,
0.2835603356361389,
-0.33691075444221497,
-0.032698050141334534,
-0.03538128361105919,
0.6829805374145508,
0.30010178685188293,
-0.7527890801429749,
-0.4882029891014099,
-0.6317995190620422,
0.26613345742225647,
0.027202526107430458,
0.19293880462646484,
-0.09426946938037872,
-0.5712521076202393,
-0.46753624081611633,
-0.41307303309440613,
0.8549512624740601,
-0.3777369558811188,
0.4175163209438324,
0.4488877058029175,
0.46901431679725647,
0.12401892989873886,
0.17275989055633545,
-0.04605726897716522,
0.5357128381729126,
-0.6630941033363342,
0.16811980307102203,
-0.7620219588279724,
0.07428666949272156,
-0.1456119567155838,
0.09504847228527069,
-0.4226703345775604,
-0.34992876648902893,
0.3730260133743286,
0.5892840623855591,
-0.1847742646932602,
0.03002002090215683,
0.5828909277915955,
-0.6138419508934021,
0.11518920958042145,
0.5426007509231567,
0.513638973236084,
-0.7509870529174805,
0.595223605632782,
0.4364190399646759,
-0.008565251715481281,
0.5051787495613098,
0.05646578595042229,
0.2458542436361313,
-0.3864111006259918,
0.5173514485359192,
0.21379554271697998,
0.20214666426181793,
0.3162929117679596,
-0.38067376613616943,
-0.3809678554534912,
-0.04867462441325188,
0.7203023433685303,
-0.16717764735221863,
0.008930503390729427,
-0.002739619929343462,
-0.6900971531867981,
-0.2921631932258606,
0.4822247326374054,
-0.2030368596315384,
-0.738003671169281,
0.946750283241272,
0.22311268746852875,
0.013176324777305126,
-0.24987997114658356,
0.5731838345527649,
0.5089511275291443,
-0.017664184793829918,
0.31466516852378845,
-0.0955241248011589,
0.5988044738769531,
-0.07293856143951416,
-0.7146579623222351,
-0.3630319833755493,
-0.3661454916000366,
0.33744895458221436,
0.4615214467048645,
0.028731942176818848,
0.3435612916946411,
0.28783419728279114,
-0.23068052530288696,
0.6016242504119873,
0.8583530187606812,
-0.984269917011261,
-0.20464779436588287,
-0.321601927280426,
0.2328616976737976,
-0.535066545009613,
-0.10533466190099716,
-0.37374329566955566,
0.6388998627662659,
-0.08972501009702682,
-0.3544616401195526,
-0.9358500242233276,
-1.0243463516235352,
0.0031375468242913485,
0.07317356020212173,
0.204535573720932,
-0.15699079632759094,
0.2175978273153305,
-0.033252544701099396,
0.3113994896411896,
-0.586294412612915,
-0.25923386216163635,
0.7171078324317932,
0.05117068439722061,
-0.28516560792922974,
-0.009257192723453045,
0.0450177900493145,
-0.549279510974884,
-0.14358416199684143,
0.21048636734485626,
0.18450495600700378,
0.2935843765735626,
-0.13683463633060455,
-0.20606271922588348,
0.149151012301445,
0.06963416934013367,
0.10360284149646759,
-0.07685214281082153,
-0.8226709961891174,
0.33423349261283875,
0.9106993675231934,
-0.6169770956039429,
0.48510658740997314,
-0.2666745185852051,
-0.42155057191848755,
0.21709918975830078,
0.27143988013267517,
-0.33118802309036255,
-0.05226176232099533,
-0.5136458277702332,
-0.4236225187778473,
0.01395462453365326,
-0.09425803273916245,
-0.5615507364273071,
-0.27136385440826416,
0.5681530833244324,
-0.016282936558127403,
-0.47398608922958374,
-0.18899229168891907,
-0.121810682117939,
-0.17959599196910858,
-0.10640714317560196,
0.024226240813732147,
-0.16673700511455536,
-0.19925947487354279,
-0.2280665785074234,
-0.21056251227855682,
0.753524899482727,
-0.2116197794675827,
-0.4298172891139984,
-0.23793959617614746,
0.17463399469852448,
0.41812804341316223,
0.1553526520729065,
0.22627802193164825,
-0.29187801480293274,
0.23743072152137756,
-0.22719347476959229,
-0.9460846185684204,
0.6484234929084778,
0.6582553386688232,
-0.34461918473243713,
-0.21205894649028778,
0.29498490691185,
-0.22422704100608826,
0.4890541732311249,
-0.4703340530395508,
-0.6290062069892883,
-0.21366049349308014,
0.29314711689949036,
-0.6158086657524109,
-0.9882190227508545,
-0.29564374685287476,
0.26726141571998596,
0.09151305258274078,
0.04748288542032242,
-0.46609440445899963,
0.17956405878067017,
0.11585337668657303,
-0.05323891341686249,
-0.14068081974983215,
-0.849454402923584,
0.011744647286832333,
0.23263485729694366,
0.4716404974460602,
-0.07653669267892838,
-0.2326042503118515,
0.6183093786239624,
-0.168287992477417,
0.3579474687576294,
-0.5033559799194336,
-0.0031510337721556425,
0.19726145267486572,
0.023744676262140274,
0.05027998238801956,
0.17991091310977936,
-0.348616361618042,
0.31918099522590637,
-0.053208623081445694,
0.12414824962615967,
0.3385639488697052,
0.5501906275749207,
-0.3921529948711395,
0.6205328106880188,
0.11640844494104385,
0.28860124945640564,
0.2455267608165741,
-0.3401668965816498,
0.29987633228302,
-0.4191015958786011,
-0.11336489021778107,
-0.23811163008213043,
0.01933472976088524,
-0.22197367250919342,
0.3952206075191498,
0.269582599401474,
0.024879854172468185,
0.048839882016181946,
0.02858527936041355,
-0.6673658490180969,
1.2303906679153442,
0.22099679708480835,
-1.1763412952423096,
0.6161848306655884,
0.023907555267214775,
0.2633382976055145,
0.6392849087715149,
0.09107102453708649,
-0.30732664465904236,
-0.06944210082292557,
0.1314539909362793,
-0.4231838583946228,
1.0890848636627197,
-0.390595942735672,
-0.2613840401172638,
0.5831541419029236,
-0.3996112644672394,
0.5259643197059631,
0.5838005542755127,
-0.38596680760383606,
-0.47166165709495544,
0.8341885805130005,
-0.510976254940033,
-0.6386322975158691,
0.9154382348060608,
-0.3292231857776642,
-0.203471377491951,
-0.0353965163230896,
0.4327975809574127,
0.44032809138298035,
0.33995550870895386,
-0.466415673494339,
0.35139530897140503,
-0.057584166526794434,
-0.25932613015174866,
0.6977267265319824,
-0.43404579162597656,
-0.1651521921157837,
0.5726583003997803,
-0.08883848786354065,
0.36771342158317566,
-0.06051529943943024,
0.24792197346687317,
-0.11313207447528839,
0.36366888880729675,
-0.34048229455947876,
0.870857834815979,
-0.46173495054244995,
-0.25559040904045105,
0.24691987037658691,
-0.03845667466521263,
0.366898775100708,
0.02859652414917946,
0.06924143433570862,
-0.7980667948722839,
0.5652518272399902,
0.02062973938882351,
0.030535725876688957,
-0.3987307846546173,
0.23179909586906433,
0.5693573951721191,
0.37143200635910034,
-0.5597259998321533,
0.3845631182193756,
0.2066698670387268,
0.8812030553817749,
-0.3237641453742981,
-0.3317151963710785,
0.033744875341653824,
-0.01480457466095686,
0.6249754428863525,
-0.6196351647377014,
0.6310287117958069,
0.002391683403402567,
-0.1426679790019989,
-0.04050670564174652,
0.41976654529571533,
0.13422350585460663,
-0.10546161234378815,
0.2961149513721466,
0.7750732898712158,
-0.1945042759180069,
-0.7241337299346924,
-0.19618543982505798,
0.02218317613005638,
-0.013476585038006306,
0.5842103958129883,
0.24228772521018982,
0.3604426383972168,
-0.007933608256280422,
-0.5497991442680359,
-0.11869141459465027,
-0.01895485632121563,
-0.2321391999721527,
-0.1671757996082306,
-0.7205780148506165,
0.876370370388031,
0.201188325881958,
0.15993179380893707,
0.1284569501876831,
0.15427586436271667,
0.3499043881893158,
0.06670275330543518,
-0.9756742119789124,
-0.07753334939479828,
-0.0997447520494461,
0.8317689895629883,
-0.45145365595817566,
0.2536696493625641,
-0.24872195720672607,
-0.3010176718235016,
0.0011471188627183437,
0.2987987995147705,
-0.6140188574790955,
-0.14386461675167084,
0.27943238615989685,
-0.1969938725233078,
-0.124908447265625,
-0.27120113372802734,
-0.33607223629951477,
0.034200698137283325,
0.2861311435699463,
0.45239344239234924,
-0.17261643707752228,
-0.1805090457201004,
0.19176483154296875,
0.013823546469211578,
-0.13028642535209656,
0.05071059614419937,
-0.41796359419822693,
0.8231884241104126,
-0.6626882553100586,
0.5991089344024658,
-0.28821122646331787,
-0.06407772749662399,
0.036882080137729645,
0.37139245867729187,
0.18788693845272064,
-0.3326217830181122,
0.016281384974718094,
-0.29144224524497986,
-0.3053508698940277,
0.3819528818130493,
-2.9057297706604004,
-0.022243183106184006,
-0.8159799575805664,
-0.07347024977207184,
-0.1792435497045517,
0.43060189485549927,
0.5495367646217346,
-0.22977912425994873,
0.4067665636539459,
-0.3584308326244354,
-0.16623817384243011,
0.024382203817367554,
0.14375843107700348,
-0.8033004403114319,
-0.1746138334274292,
0.34250161051750183
]
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.