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Give it up George Clooney!
Your heroes are somebody else's criminals and your regime change, like others before it and after it, was a flop. | r/levantinewar | comment | r/LevantineWar | 2020-10-15 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6Rnh3SDBEd2ljVWoyemFlcFVWYUlwaHYzZGFuUy1jQ0tIWFczOGVEZjZ3YllYV0N5MDZxNnFtMnhNdkRTcE1KOS1LN0YybTRYZnotcUI1OWRob3hzY3c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ENjhvSWVHcERBMDhIQllueVpNMHpZTHVrWnJoUEtRenJmRG1WaDVpbjhFME01bHIyempnTDVmQTV2T2t1ck5EejNZZV95Uk5Sbk5ycFExbzlKQ2hqLW9Ba1hkTnBvOTZlc2dTQzV3YXV2U1R5R0VhRTBlM0lzYWlfczdCWUFOeDB5MURxZVJrLXJVV3V1S2Rhd0xqMk1zdWNvYzZtR2VMb1RXUXB6VHJPeDI5TnBGZVNXV01tNENERWdsTHBDUGRhSTJHbEVRMTFsQVU3NjlJWEJodW4zR05GX2JVRUo5YndmLWR1aXVHT0IyQT0= |
**Abstract**
We study decentralized task coordination. Tasks are of varying complexity and agents asymmetric: agents capable of completing high-level tasks may also take on tasks originally contracted by lowerlevel agents, facilitating system-wide cost reductions. We suggest a family of decentralized two-stage mechanisms in which agents first announce preferred individual workloads and then bargain over the induced joint cost savings. The second-stage negotiations depend on the first-stage announcements as specified through the mechanism’s recognition function. We characterize mechanisms that incentivize cost-effective task allocation and further single out a particular mechanism, which additionally ensures a fair distribution of the system-wide cost savings.
Keywords
Decentralized mechanisms · Implementation · Bargaining · Consistency · Blockchain
JEL Classification
C72 · C78 · D47 · D63 · D78
Jens Gudmundsson1 , Jens Leth Hougaard1,2, and Trine Tornøe Platz1
1Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
2NYU-Shanghai, China
Direct link:
[https://static-curis.ku.dk/portal/files/250117501/IFRO\_WP\_2020\_11.pdf](https://static-curis.ku.dk/portal/files/250117501/IFRO_WP_2020_11.pdf)
And available here:
[https://bcm.ku.dk/publications/](https://bcm.ku.dk/publications/) | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2020-10-20 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6clBLUmRqaU1IYjlUVTZNZ2w4dlhMUy1qUWI2dFFMMnpqZnhxdmtPTTZWMjV2ZHdFTVp2U1FIVnBnUHNySy1IbHprZ1p2RE9GbWNmeDdRbnR2WFdwSnc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EVXFRNkk5U0l1clp3U2h0cXlRTktXa3FLdjh0TlJUelJiOGlfZVdlZ2JLVnhkWS1WRlhYd3ROX2ZWOTNJaERMSm02a05XNEpmMGpxTEFHelhqU3d1NlFKV3ZUTzdIc21xMDFNZnNleFl2dEMtMFl0ZGtsamQ0TTBrLVpYbVdmaXNmOF91MUhxem14LXdZdVJNYWF0bzBObjdyS0ZxbWpKaENQQV9NUEh2WDNHcU5WY1hhYlBWTTR3WVF5ck9xMlpLUDNKMGdCX1dvMVBvaFVRNjlmc3hGUT09 |
I am thinking of expanding and trading business from India and would like to get in touch with people who with experience in Indian market to know more about the demand pricing and other details. | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2020-10-24 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6Yk11NUY2ZjlTZGZzbEZHcTVWN3hVelNjZHhRZ0JOaHN4OXh0REtRQURVMmFvOUxjNGRrVnU4N0l3SzBEUkNoNHE5Y2VtNmMxNnpHRkhHTjZ4S1RFMUE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ENldTS21oT1dfT1lMelVXak9TUHQ2R3RwV3VHYUpTNUJpUzlJbHJrRmtDeUtVVURObXpnTE9IeE9PNHhsODNreVhIcWdhVXU5dHBiRXkyYWZxT3hKRDBJb2dGV1RuS2xMZm1pd3pVZmJkR3BCY3FNVlZ5dzFuMkg3YV9YUnl2TGtEQnNzX2NwTmtUX3g4MGFoODVEeUtaTnVqSWhLWGd1V1AxU3BzdVAweU5CUExRcHdsZ2pnREJXNDBvNVBRTVVPN3ZhMmwya19aQWkwQ21PbzgzUEE1Zz09 |
People deserve many things, but they'll never get what they want if their interests don't align with those in control. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2020-10-29 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6MjBHR09rTjNkNGJ1TjVGcDd3dlRpNVQ4dHRtNkVNTjBPcFdXMnQ2dUVXOF9aUXFXdmlLdDRIczhTLTZ5WnAwRnRLa3FaRGYyMUNDUHRucXZPNnFlYkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ETU0wU3ZFQ1N0Ni1QTUlhVU1WcEFjWDY1VlVSeXd6V0xSaWpFV0hQajgyZG9Wb3EtNlNGSmoyX05LTU40OWJqblNob0l3TndQTlN5ZHdMZU5OQ05tdThQc0d2U01RM0tyNEJjSXJtX01jNE0zeEJhS1I4d1JUQ0hwOXh3YWtqeGdhQ0k4M1RZNkZvUG1ITDZpVGhiQ25HTXVQSFBhS3hySndIblNNN2Y0YTBaQ2pveFlPdEFIekdGRzJ4eDlvRm11Ri1lWk1pdnlOZTdWbVRxVTd0SndwWDNWenJ2VWVGQ2laQU15TmUtaVk3dz0= |
The farmers were bound by contracts with the landlords. Typically they had to pay a fixed amount for seven years regardless of their profits. That was essentially a feudal relationship - not for a capitalist profit but a direct share. Therefore there was no place for a capitalist crisis there. Furthermore two assisting factors. Firstly, the farmers were less dependent on market consumption than the urban workers, they could consume more out of their direct production. Secondly, the unemployment in the cities forced them to stay in the rural economy.
The cause of major capitalist crises the fall of the rate of profit resulted in the decrease of the industrial output that multiplied to the entire non rural economy causing a drop by one third.
The crucial point is that this increased the non rural value relatively to agriculture. As explained in the beginning as opposed to the industrial capitalists the farmers had to keep paying the rent. Precisely those factors forced a deflation of agricultural output by 33% in real terms. Here we find the deterioration of agricultural terms of trade.
A general deflation could not solve the problem because it would merely restore the lack of demand at a lower level of prices. Also, in the industrial and service sectors there was nothing to force the supply to increase. Anyway since the level of investments dropped six times the real wages would have to fall six Times what is impossible.
Others have tried but only I found the answer.
All rights reserved. | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2020-11-01 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6NU9oWXQ5aWZFTnQzMjgxbmd4eURScWdDSjRmY2RNNm9mY19VYW5abEpqSXluclQwUFJBRHRqMjRhM18waWNoRnlsU3BkWG43WTZwYWtfTTNKVi1VVWc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EQWlVa2dObVFEV3d1bF9ELS1UT0F5amN6MTl1U0ZDY3BYOGVKakhjU1VzbU8wSUJnZkVDR3o5TXB0V2w0cUM0LUNnaURBQVJPZmRIRUlqYlZVc0V0UjB6cXkyS3NsdG1aRlB4MERjQVFWNnAzR0t2WGhTd1ZxQU1WRjdrQ0k2anJGWUtSZ0VoalJhNjc3SThNdndHMXhteGJKZVlvM0RhN3JJQkhBS0hkdnZ0SmhyRjJDLXZ3d3NHdW5rRFppdm50QjB0aHdvUFRHOHMzQWdoN01KV3RRUT09 |
Joining here as I am hoping to get some good response. For access to information on USA-imports of materials you can pay for services from a variety of companies ranging from Zauba 99$/month to Panjiva (5k+ /year). Apparently the same information is freely available form some US Customs database - but does anyone know where I can find that one? All I need is to look at the stats twice a year. Thanks in advance, Klaas | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2020-11-03 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6b3RDVEpfQk95Tk5JaVJZZ1l5QkxfS2JNRlRSbmZLOGxsd0ZoZkV1QUdqZ3NvcjFheXV5bldHTFpmVGVEdGc2ZmxsM3k1QkRWZlFha2hsNWt0VFBrY0E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ETnM3QVdPWTk4X0hEeGZHNHZnWTZlcDhDN3FMa3hCNUhScDQ4YlZIVk9vZ0t4Vjd6czZfZC1TM1UtRW1fdnpGTjU2ZDFyNnM5RVMyVjhYWG5pTnNUODdaTGRyZXJDcGw5NG5TbFB3RTNSUWxlRVB2d2U5WjNpNE9YNWtwWFYtZGs5SlRXRXZvc2RoVF83dnRIVGtFU1ZmOGRUdnJvRTBwMEppVk91VHB2OTN1Z3FYS2dMbmRBaXBXSmpsaFVzT0hz |
Before I start this topic, I tell myself, have I ever been in a situation in international trade where a customer didn't respect me? Unfortunately, the answer is "yes."
It is well known that communication is the most important issue in international trade because of time differences. Many times it's already the end of the day here in China, but Europe and America are just starting to work.So many times there is a delay in communication.
The Turkish client I used to work with, often disrespected my personal time and called me during my breaks from work with a very rude and arrogant attitude. In his opinion I should have no rest, and should serve him alone 24 hours a day. But at that time I served five clients from the USA, Germany, Spain, Slovenia and Australia. We were very happy to work with clients from other countries, but this Turkish client often overworked me. (I would like to say here that I am not discriminating against any country, I am simply angry at this disrespectful behavior)
I have tried to communicate with him about this issue, but I was disappointed with the answer I got from him. So, in the end, communication was fruitless and I referred this client to another company and even though this client was able to bring me a better profit for the year, we never work with people who don't respect me. Like I said, any business needs to be done with respect!
I know there are many trading companies in China that will agree to many of the customer's requests beyond the order, if it is reasonable we will do it, but we will never agree to something that is unreasonable.
We've had clients threaten to refuse to do business with us if we don't do what he wants, but our attitude towards such clients is, OK LET US STOP IT TOGETHER !!!
Finally, I would like to say that we welcome customers from all countries to work with us, because we have a very strong supply chain and all kinds of factory resources, whether it is a custom large or small order, we are very welcome! But only if you respect our work [HDSOURCING ](www.hdsourcing.com) | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2020-11-04 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6Ym5BejhtSFc0TkhJTVBJdTRoUV9xTWZhUWpHNlZoc1ZFdFJEaVhBS2t1b1F2U3JKTnRqUEpjcjMwS00yeVoyc0o3SldIdzEwYVc4U0V5ekw3aExmZHc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ELWpsd25qQ2VlV3FfRmxYRDRGOTRIZy1ralVsU1U0ckxMQjFURHFfZ0JMMUdkcGxzUGZhVEhxLWcwV1V0Qm1DNzJ1cXJRRjZkNEhqT0pIcGpZNTFGa1REUnEtZmxKQkc5RnZzazFBT0VBWWRtM09LbVhlekkwc1JBYUJva3lkVkg0Q0pBTlhsd2lSMDRCY1BBZmhvUE1NbXJIQU5abWhqNEMxNVV2cGl0dEExREJ1TEhxU21PRnpmSnZwZkhsQUpZQW8yRVNaWlVsWmMtN01YektyU0kwQT09 |
This FAQ and information thread serves to inform both new and existing users about common Bitcoin topics that readers coming to this Bitcoin subreddit may have. This is a living and breathing document, which will change over time. If you have suggestions on how to change it, please comment below or message the mods.
-----
**What is \/r/btc?**
The \/r/btc reddit community was originally created as a community to discuss bitcoin. It quickly gained momentum in August 2015 when the bitcoin block size debate heightened. On the legacy \/r/bitcoin subreddit it was discovered that moderators were heavily censoring discussions that were not inline with their own opinions.
Once realized, the subreddit subscribers began to openly question the censorship [which led to](http://archive.is/0G8az) thousands of redditors being banned from the \/r/bitcoin subreddit. A large number of redditors switched to other subreddits such as /r/bitcoin_uncensored and /r/btc. For a run-down on the history of censorship, please read [A (brief and incomplete) history of censorship in /r/bitcoin by John Blocke](https://medium.com/@johnblocke/a-brief-and-incomplete-history-of-censorship-in-r-bitcoin-c85a290fe43) and [/r/Bitcoin Censorship, Revisted by John Blocke](https://medium.com/@johnblocke/r-bitcoin-censorship-revisited-58d5b1bdcd64). As yet another example, \/r/bitcoin [censored 5,683 posts and comments](https://www.reddit.com/r/noncensored_bitcoin/comments/7414nf/september_2017_stats_post/) just in the month of September 2017 alone. This shows the sheer magnitude of censorship that is happening, which continues to this day. [Read a synopsis of /r/bitcoin](https://www.reddit.com/r/BitcoinMarkets/comments/6rxw7k/informative_btc_vs_bch_articles/dl8v4lp/) to get the full story and a complete understanding of [why people are so upset](https://www.reddit.com/r/KarmaCourt/comments/5gvqf6/and_now_for_something_completely_different_the/) with \/r/bitcoin's censorship. Further reading can be found [here](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/83vgdm/a_collection_of_evidence_regarding_bitcoins/) and [here](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/cpftea/its_important_to_remember_the_past_and_show/ewp7abj/) with a giant collection of information regarding these topics.
-----
**Why is censorship bad for Bitcoin?**
As demonstrated above, censorship has become prevalent in almost all of the major Bitcoin [communication channels](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/5mxov4/wtf_north_koreas_cgc_tries_to_control_bitcoin/dc78hwl/). The [impacts of censorship in Bitcoin](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/5cxx8t/the_impacts_of_censorship/) are very real. "Censorship can really hinder a society if it is bad enough. Because media is such a large part of people’s lives today and it is the source of basically all information, if the information is not being given in full or truthfully then the society is left uneducated [...] Censorship is probably the number one way to lower people’s right to freedom of speech." By censoring certain topics and [specific words](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/5vr7ij/partial_list_of_words_that_automod_removes_from/), people in these Bitcoin communication channels are literally being brain washed into thinking a certain way, molding the reader in a way that they desire; this has a lasting impact especially on users who are new to Bitcoin. Censoring in Bitcoin is the direct opposite of what the spirit of Bitcoin is, and should be condemned anytime it occurs. Also, it's important to [think critically](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/5txje0/edward_snowden_the_answer_to_fake_news_is_not/) and [independently](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/9cm3nj/psa_the_sub_has_been_under_attack_by_various_bad/), and have an open mind.
-----
**Why do some groups attempt to discredit \/r/btc?**
This subreddit has become a place to discuss everything Bitcoin-related and even other cryptocurrencies at times when the topics are relevant to the overall ecosystem. Since this subreddit is one of the few places on Reddit where users will not be censored for their opinions and people are allowed to speak freely, truth is often said here without the fear of reprisal from moderators in the form of bans and censorship. Because of this freedom, people and groups who don't want you to hear the truth with do almost anything they can to try to stop you from speaking the truth and try to manipulate readers here. You can see many cited examples of cases where special interest groups have gone out of their way to attack this subreddit and attempt to disrupt and discredit it. [See the examples here.](https://old.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/9cm3nj/psa_the_sub_has_been_under_attack_by_various_bad/)
-----
**What is the goal of \/r/btc?**
This subreddit is a diverse community dedicated to the success of bitcoin. \/r/btc honors the spirit and nature of Bitcoin being a place for open and free discussion about Bitcoin without the interference of moderators. Subscribers at anytime can look at and review the [public moderator logs](https://modlogs.fyi/r/btc). This subreddit does have [rules](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/wiki/index#wiki_rules_for_this_subreddit_.28also_in_the_sidebar.29) as mandated by reddit that we must follow plus a couple of rules of our own. Make sure to **[read the /r/btc wiki](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/wiki/index)** for more information and resources about this subreddit which includes information such as the benefits of Bitcoin, how to get started with Bitcoin, and more.
-----
**What is Bitcoin?**
Bitcoin is a digital currency, also called a virtual currency, which can be transacted for a low-cost nearly instantly from anywhere in the world. Bitcoin also powers the blockchain, which is a public immutable and decentralized global ledger. Unlike traditional currencies such as dollars, bitcoins are issued and managed without the need for any central authority whatsoever. There is no government, company, or bank in charge of Bitcoin. As such, it is more resistant to wild inflation and corrupt banks. With Bitcoin, you can be your own bank. Read the Bitcoin whitepaper to further understand the schematics of how Bitcoin works.
-----
**What is Bitcoin Cash?**
Bitcoin Cash (ticker symbol: BCH) is an updated version of Bitcoin which solves the scaling problems that have been plaguing Bitcoin Core (ticker symbol: BTC) for years. Bitcoin (BCH) is just a continuation of the Bitcoin project that allows for bigger blocks which will give way to more growth and adoption. You can read more about Bitcoin on [BitcoinCash.org](https://bitcoincash.org/) or read [What is Bitcoin Cash](https://www.bitcoin.com/info/what-is-bitcoin-cash) for additional details.
-----
**How do I buy Bitcoin?**
You can buy Bitcoin on an exchange or with a brokerage. If you're looking to buy, you can [buy Bitcoin with your credit card](https://buy.bitcoin.com/) to get started quickly and safely. There are several others places to buy Bitcoin too; please check the sidebar under brokers, exchanges, and trading for other go-to service providers to begin buying and trading Bitcoin. Make sure to [do your homework first](https://www.bitcoin.com/get-started/how-to-choose-the-right-bitcoin-exchange/) before choosing an exchange to ensure you are choosing the right one for you.
-----
**How do I store my Bitcoin securely?**
After the initial step of buying your first Bitcoin, you will need a Bitcoin wallet to secure your Bitcoin. Knowing which Bitcoin wallet to choose is the second most important step in becoming a Bitcoin user. Since you are investing funds into Bitcoin, choosing the right Bitcoin wallet for you is a critical step that shouldn’t be taken lightly. [Use this guide to help you choose the right wallet for you](https://www.bitcoin.com/get-started/how-to-choose-the-right-bitcoin-wallet/). Check the sidebar under Bitcoin wallets to get started and find a wallet that you can store your Bitcoin in.
-----
**Why is my transaction taking so long to process?**
Bitcoin transactions typically confirm in ~10 minutes. A confirmation means that the Bitcoin transaction has been verified by the network through the process known as mining. Once a transaction is confirmed, it cannot be reversed or double spent. Transactions are included in blocks.
If you have sent out a Bitcoin transaction and it’s delayed, chances are the [transaction fee](https://bitcoinfees.cash/) you used wasn’t enough to out-compete others causing it to be [backlogged](https://jochen-hoenicke.de/queue/#0,24h). The transaction won’t confirm until it clears the backlog. This typically occurs when using the Bitcoin Core (BTC) blockchain due to poor central planning.
If you are using Bitcoin (BCH), you shouldn't encounter these problems as the block limits have been raised to accommodate a massive amount of volume freeing up space and lowering transaction costs.
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**Why does my transaction cost so much, I thought Bitcoin was supposed to be cheap?**
As described above, transaction fees have spiked on the Bitcoin Core (BTC) blockchain mainly due to a limit on transaction space. This has created what is called a fee market, which has primarily been a premature artificially induced price increase on transaction fees due to the limited amount of block space available (supply vs. demand). The original plan was for fees to help secure the network when the block reward decreased and eventually stopped, but the plan was not to reach that point until some time in the future, [around the year 2140](https://wiki.bitcoin.com/w/Controlled_supply#Projected_Bitcoins_Long_Term). This original plan was restored with Bitcoin (BCH) where fees are typically less than a single penny per transaction.
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**What is the block size limit?**
The original Bitcoin client didn’t have a block size cap, however was limited to 32MB due to the Bitcoin protocol message size constraint. However, in July 2010 Bitcoin’s creator Satoshi Nakamoto introduced a [temporary 1MB limit](https://sourceforge.net/p/bitcoin/code/103/tree//trunk/main.h?diff=515630145fcbc978e39dbaa5:102) as an anti-DDoS measure. The temporary measure from Satoshi Nakamoto was made clear three months later when Satoshi said the block size limit can be [increased again by phasing it in](https://archive.is/L5yvP#selection-3315.0-3315.7) when it’s needed (when the demand arises). When introducing Bitcoin on the cryptography mailing list in 2008, Satoshi said that [scaling to Visa levels](https://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography%40metzdowd.com/msg09964.html) “would probably not seem like a big deal.”
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**What is the block size debate all about anyways?**
The block size debate boils down to different sets of users who are trying to come to consensus on the best way to scale Bitcoin for growth and success. Scaling Bitcoin has actually been a topic of discussion since Bitcoin was first released in 2008; for example you can read how Satoshi Nakamoto was [asked about scaling here](https://www.mail-archive.com/cryptography%40metzdowd.com/msg09964.html) and how he thought at the time it would be addressed. Fortunately Bitcoin has seen tremendous growth and by the year 2013, scaling Bitcoin had became a hot topic. For a run down on the history of scaling and how we got to where we are today, see the [Block size limit debate history lesson post](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/61mxuj/block_size_limit_debate_history_lesson/).
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**What is a hard fork?**
A hard fork is when a block is broadcast under a new and different set of protocol rules which is accepted by nodes that have upgraded to support the new protocol. In this case, Bitcoin diverges from a single blockchain to two separate blockchains (a majority chain and a minority chain).
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**What is a soft fork?**
A soft fork is when a block is broadcast under a new and different set of protocol rules, but the difference is that nodes don’t realize the rules have changed, and continue to accept blocks created by the newer nodes. Some argue that [soft forks are bad](https://medium.com/@octskyward/on-consensus-and-forks-c6a050c792e7) because they trick old-unupdated nodes into believing transactions are valid, when they may not actually be valid. This can also be defined as coercion, as [explained by Vitalik Buterin](https://vitalik.ca/general/2017/03/14/forks_and_markets.html).
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**Doesn't it hurt decentralization if we increase the block size?**
Some argue that by lifting the limit on transaction space, that the cost of validating transactions on individual nodes will increase to the point where people will not be able to run nodes individually, giving way to centralization. This is a false dilemma because at this time there is no proven metric to quantify decentralization; although it has been shown that the [current level of decentralization will remain](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/5fyve1/fallacy_the_key_to_bitcoins_decentralization_is_a/) with or without a block size increase. It's a logical fallacy to believe that decentralization only exists when you have people all over the world running full nodes. The reality is that only people with the income to sustain running a full node (even at 1MB) will be doing it. So whether it's 1MB, 2MB, or 32MB, the costs of doing business is negligible for the people who can already do it. If the block size limit is removed, this will also allow for more users worldwide to use and transact introducing the likelihood of having more individual node operators. [Decentralization is not a metric, it's a tool or direction](https://twitter.com/lopp/status/693537120351293440). This is a good video describing the direction of [how decentralization should look](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7S1IqaSLrq8).
Additionally, the effects of increasing the block capacity beyond 1MB [has been studied](https://www.cryptocoinsnews.com/cornell-study-recommends-4mb-blocksize-bitcoin/) with results showing that up to 4MB is safe and will not hurt decentralization ([Cornell paper, PDF](http://fc16.ifca.ai/bitcoin/papers/CDE+16.pdf)). Other papers also show that no block size limit is safe ([Peter Rizun, PDF](https://www.bitcoinunlimited.info/resources/feemarket.pdf)). Lastly, through an informal survey among all top Bitcoin miners, many agreed that a block size increase [between 2-4MB is acceptable](http://archive.is/U3dqr).
-----
**What now?**
Bitcoin is a fluid ever changing system. If you want to keep up with Bitcoin, we suggest that you subscribe to /r/btc and stay in the loop here, as well as other places to get a healthy dose of perspective from different sources. Also, check the sidebar for additional resources. Have more questions? [Submit a post](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/submit?selftext=true) and ask your peers for help!
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Note: This FAQ was originally posted [here](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/9lfjrb/frequently_asked_questions_and_information_thread/) but was removed when [one of our moderators was falsely suspended](https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/jp0a0k/bitcoinxio_has_been_suspended/) by those wishing to do this sub-reddit harm. | r/btc | post | r/btc | 2020-11-11 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6VlQ2N1lzd0xLOU1JSEdOcWxoWHdDMHFvVzBhUUJKa0xETXh2emV2dXVvSXBuOEp4cnpLQnFNU1FlOTAtalhoN1h2NTBOWUdoX0llVHo0Tzh4YWx5MWhnNTYwUVpmV0VLbHU2R3J3MTJtNkE9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EU1F0UXEyQ21wNVBnQU9ucU1zN2ozNUZPOUx6Y3BMejBWclNmOHdJbVpOYzNDS0o0SjdEU09LNEVkMHhWeUkxT1ctdmtyUXJYMGlBaGR3UTVZM05yRGs1TVNXc3h4MmZqSzRpYTkxdDkxblZPWV9EXzRMVWFmdDNJUGpqRnFZRWRvVDlOa1dhSXRwWWFrWE1SdnhTdEJzcDdJai12WjFHNmpxZ0NvRjhReXRJSzRWYVlaUXhqOS1VcFQ4YmJrd0xI |
* The secretary of Somalia’s Upper House Committee on defense, Senator Ahmd Hashi, said the proposal equates to the “United States under Trump turning its back on Somalis at a critical time.”
* “We have received the news about the order of the withdrawal of our partner troops, but I do not know if it was the final and will be coming soon,” a Somali military official said
* Abdisalam Yusuf Guled, former deputy head of the Somali National Intelligence and Security Agency, said a withdrawal of U.S troops from Somalia would allow al-Shabab to emerge from their hideouts in significant numbers and plan major attacks. | r/somaliconflict | comment | r/SomaliConflict | 2020-11-20 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6MkNIZ1FrbWFjc1VyX0ZxZlcwODBDV1duMDhuQ0E5RTFKUkw1Y0pjWGNzSWljZmZ0RXM3MWpsNnpZYUhXMnJuclZuUjNJU2pzcHVTdjRwc3VwT29Rd0E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EQzBLQ3VYODBhTG1hZ0djdGU3NEQ0dFZYc3VpVHpZbXRjVjc0eEVjV3k4cU9JNncwZEdZZFdrcEU1cXMwcVU3MUtmRWZMTWJmel9CMGlESDFSQ010SXZkM1NCQk9RQ1JhNkhYRFVkcFFkQi1hc2hjX3laZW9oc29DRlRFZGNlUF9ncFZ2TGlibTU3NHJ5Ri0zZHRlOEhYUW1QamhWY29lSi0zbG44dkVDcV84dDRaaGpFc0ZvaXl0NVdUdEhyaHpXZG9OeU9OXzdLUW5JMGlQbzZVQURkQ3FqQk80VjVmc0FMMUJKaU0xeXo2cz0= |
Personally, I don't believe that the US has a credible anti-missile deterrent. The speeds of incoming warheads are phenomenal. The tests must be scheduled in advance, the people know something is coming, so it's not quite honest testing. Many missiles may come from unexpected directions, The missiles will release decoys and will come in large numbers. So, it may be that the only good will come from blocking a NK attack. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2020-12-01 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6b05XYWRvYXlSaFNXRmJUSGpHa3Z4WjAzQlEzVFZHUWM0VURHRTM2ZFNsTk9hQVhGeXNDOURQWkw0WkNITGZ2QjRQZEl3dGNUb19CeHZvQks1cllwRFE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EOE95RWJTeEVpS25MbWQtdmg0VFJ3cjVHX21OWXZwNXY3bXRVa0htampxRXhoZW9YREVuZ3JfUjJ2RGc4NGNtZVB0UTJFQW5zZGdXU0hpVTZZQXYtOTJNTlBDRmhwQ2lGY0g5OV9GQUIwSm5rdFNDVllPUUZLMy13Nk1ycjh0b2pnalZfVmFyazlIM0s1clNjX19ucEw0Q0EwV3NsWXRzVDZVVkp5YUVaVW01eXJLMURqVFdtUEkwaDRvN2pxNTJlS0g0bndFQ1YtU3lsSENnNVJPVUFCZDUyb095Zk1lWTVxR1RzYm82LUlwST0= |
The family separation policy was an atrocity. It was, in the words of Benjamin Ferencz, the last surviving Nuremberg prosecutor, a crime against humanity, citing Article 7, paragraph 1, section k of the Rome Statute: *“Other inhumane acts of a similar character intentionally causing great suffering, or serious injury to body or to mental or physical health.”*
Now as we say, elections have consequences. Now with Trump on his way out, the victims of the family separation policy will finally be compensated. Those who are still separated will be found.
And most importantly, those who took part in the policy. From those who gave the orders to those who followed them, will finally be held accountable.
You love to see it. | r/illegalimmigration | post | r/IllegalImmigration | 2020-12-02 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6SDZ0QS15OVBXczF3UHpPVzROYnI1NWJiemtiS0stTHFPMXJXd0sycWFkOVdqX0ktVXRGYnFRS1ZEYXNBQUVFS3ZHME52VU93NVJjZTd1SmJpUi1ub3FoU0J4N3VxQnhKX0I4Tk4tOGIwRDg9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EallxWUNOdlMzX2p1UnpRTlZ3OTY1a0hqV0NBcUVwTmtLR09udm5VZk50QWZzMjJfUG5ZX0lPU1ltY2l3ZG9wY01WRFpvOWZxbW1BNTdESThWYUtLcTVDbE9rR0tiaUpiMDUtWmFkN0Nub2h3ek53SWZUVkVlNnktaUFNbEx6NjR6Vk1xcU5CaFpMMThQazJHekZqZTN1b2xkdDVQajNkUXdwT3BaRFpxSTNHekprWDZUXzFBbFpXNDZadWJlT0hH |
I hope someone can help me with this. I am doing a seminar on INCOTERMS 2020 and have to do some calculations according to different rules. Our professor gave us the list prices of goods, transportation, insurance etc. I mostly get it all, but the thing I don't get is who covers the cost of International Letter of Credit. The buyer or the seller? It is one of the costs listed and I just don't know where to put it for different INCOTERMS rules. It makes sense to me that it is always the buyer, but I am not 100% sure. | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2020-12-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6MlpHV2NMYXRfVHlKV0cyYTN0QlJIalZoQnRlUTJNdzNGNXdJSFdYQXFxeVN0ZnV1RURTZnA4WHFZV0RJUjgtek42Wk5XdllFZTZMWHdkSkdBczFNVFE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ESkRmelQ0RlY3ZEdHdEUxejQ5YWJWQUJRMUVLOVdULUctTTNsWW9HUXU0N0lxZkgxdnktaEtYaFBjYnZhVURtZ2hOR1RyUTktZEc5dE5wVWpmQWxXWWV0akRFLWlIaFdzTG5JbG4tRW9UYWdEZHl0N3U0UVlUQXVDa3d0T09FVjlZNjZiUmRtWEFCeVdORnJUdWh2MHlvc05TRW9lTnhxamlOaGcyelNGeGZ0TUFNMWlBbzE1Z2paNGp2czhNWEl5SGpwNnBUbl9IbUNqWUdMMDI3c0lXZz09 |
Hi!
I am planning to write an article about cross country business cycle transmission, i.e. how one country product fluctuations affect the other one.
Can you recommend me some important seminal papers and those which you consider noteworthy in such a topic. Research in my article will be rather econometric but still i would much appreciate those with theory, especially one that is currently considered as a consensus.
Thanks in advance! | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2020-12-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6RUViZC1YYU1SSEJ0UV9BTC14Smp6VHJMZy00em5Od1Fpc1NjQjdIWEdBNmVKU19wTzNXT3FBNF9tVEF5eWFfc2ZONjZnLWJXck5jdF9TcGVNR1lWb1E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EQm1zUExLTlVGSkVlTUFsTGNucmVpQUdmUTAxUXRDbjJoYVplRmYyOE05NGhCQXpTeHhNM0NEa1RoTElPUUhic3ZjWUV1Z1RyYm5VR1lUdWlnLTJMYlhXekZocEswSHo2eWpZMVhSZTYxdHJrMUtHbW1pUV9LT19BYnVFdW0wWU1QNmVPUVRaYWtPY0VTZDNTb253TWtoWU1lU0RKdzNOeTRCUUZUeWdvTGNxeEZBZVg1N3NJWWJTUVdPREgzMVZk |
I've heard that some of the illegal immigrants in California do not speak Spanish. I assume they are Indian.
Is the problem in Mexico & Central America white racism towards Indians? And if so, where do Mestizos fit into this paradigm?
Is it true that white people in Mexico who I assume are mostly of Spanish descent control the levers of power/wealth?
If this is the case, why do Mexican immigrants complain about the Anglo but not about Europeans in Mexico who appear to own everything? After all, Anglos in America are not the ones persecuting Indians in Southern Mexico or Guatemala.
How do whites in Latin America remain at the top of the social power structure when Mestizos tend to associate themselves with Indian ancestry rather than their European side? | r/illegalimmigration | post | r/IllegalImmigration | 2020-12-07 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6Q3ZoUGZDSURlRXpmbWZwbm9EdU1pdTNGMFF5V05haVJYWXp2aG4wZGsxUXZITE1PaG4ybHN0cGhvZ29yZldWOFNSdU92MDhqR3g0LW10eWkxUkpoOWRUZGZ2WjYzTC1FcWY1eEFkaWFXN1k9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ER0JFNDROWWc5bHF1VS1rbFhZUEVKN0pZRTJpdTFIV0IxTkZ3cjRwV0NtblhDQWQtcDNMZms2VThmTmwxNXVLLVNNNmlTWnBXWmV5WjVMVzc1NHM1Y19SZGdDb3pIRUxIblQxcUdUSlNyNkpOOXNSN2I5Njh3dUdZOEU5b2VvOGhtN3doZHhRODI5MmJUNEM0VWpSc25QbUJVUzFrME54Q1hSdWVqOWVlMlB1ODM4dDZhSUN4NWlpV2JEdTE0cThfTUltRjczdzh6UHhYdEt0M3VhVldSUT09 |
Let's look back at some memorable moments and interesting insights from last year.
**Your top 10 posts:**
* "[Defeat in Detail - How Smaller Armies Win Against Superior Forces](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/exe0cz)" by [u/TheImperialScribe](https://www.reddit.com/user/TheImperialScribe)
* "[Best way to begin learning military tactics](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/et9loe)" by [u/BigBerthaDrop99](https://www.reddit.com/user/BigBerthaDrop99)
* "[“The General Who Wept” - Battle of Passchendaele - Jul 31, 1917 – Nov 10, 1917](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/ei5oxs)" by [u/cauldronpodcast](https://www.reddit.com/user/cauldronpodcast)
* "[What was smartest way that fortress was defeated directly in history?](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/elzani)" by [u/Led\_Farmer88](https://www.reddit.com/user/Led_Farmer88)
* "[Siege & Counter Tactics for Walled Cities](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/evz3ja)" by [u/The\_Angry\_Jerk](https://www.reddit.com/user/The_Angry_Jerk)
* "[Foreign Contract Soldiers in the Gulf](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/ezyzqe)" by [u/Heideggerismycopilot](https://www.reddit.com/user/Heideggerismycopilot)
* "[Is Bulking Ancient Armies Worth It?](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/eo19vz)" by [u/The\_Angry\_Jerk](https://www.reddit.com/user/The_Angry_Jerk)
* "[Any good books on military actions during the Syrian Civil War?](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/ehbm3m)"
* "[Strategy scenario](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/emd0hf)" by [u/Bob42Mcmurdo](https://www.reddit.com/user/Bob42Mcmurdo)
* "[In the military, from WW2 to present, what is the lifespan of an active machine gunner?](https://www.reddit.com/r/MilitaryStrategy/comments/ehhg3i)" by [u/Dontdoabandonedrealm](https://www.reddit.com/user/Dontdoabandonedrealm) | r/militarystrategy | post | r/MilitaryStrategy | 2020-12-08 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6SlJFVWFNOVE0MDdjcXltMy1LWEhGTTJINjdVLS1aYXVTSnpBX3E2clZhSHlNWkxrOW45bUlwbXdWbnNKb3pIVjc5N0pyYmxoVllJM0p1TE93MVBoTUE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EWGZzMEdFbGs4TWxXcjE1bVdrOE5Nd0pjSi1oUTN5Q1gybDBwbnVrb3NndEkzeFBhZXVFSlVMcVhvVFo0dWlCN0ZHMGpBSXRiQXVDZWwzaF9TdWxIVExIMTZQYllqTkpoTkhZQTBqazc2Z3kyYmd1WGNPQ3dqQ3dhUnhMRF9oczF4dHVRM2U4OWFUbm9yNzVuZDJmY1g4eTJ6YVFSUHhjdGgybjVJOGlfcGJZTm9NUzU1NGlnUUJ2elpQNXVaenMzNUVxbUF1dU1TVkhadkdvTXFjUmRSdz09 |
10 months since a post on this subreddit. Wonder what 2021 has in store? | r/militarystrategy | comment | r/MilitaryStrategy | 2020-12-09 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6cE9mQlJVbDNUdDBGMk5rQ25BelBIS2Fud0RvbmxDNHc3Mm9nVGNibkh5T2ZwX1dHcG5NZTd2aFQwM3g5Z0J3YlljZjdaSVA3TXFLWmRjQWxLb20tNHc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EWFdBUy1XNUIxUi0wcGJrbExDX3JTcmkwekJrb2dtd3RqMUVQLXo0WWpvMUpiM2t4STM4WE1mZ2lxYV92VmhkVFJHX3UxR3U5OElYUlVLTUxaWXJKMjZ4Ukx6MWhOdk1QdGNzMk53Sm9RdWdFb3N2aUhJS3BDNG00RUhfTlJlU1ZJM1E2Umt4VDVYWld0TnU3cmpxMjhRUnExWDM3V2gzTGFRTnZIdVd6VGhHNXU1a1BPdGROMGVoOXBTUmVKdmFsY3k5ZWlkcFlOcHY0cVhrMm1OdzItbGszbkp2SU1oT2phT1FhYmtJekU0Zz0= |
Hi, I am an undergraduate economics student hoping to write an economics research paper. I was wondering if anyone is looking for a co-author or wants to work with me? I don't have a particular topic yet, but I would like to work with empirical data. | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2020-12-09 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6YVdtb2Y4cUNTOVE0LWdvMUxJMWdmSTFMQ09lM0RpdXZWeTRaUHNTczhGZHdtaV9wNTk5UUZMRWxXcktfSkVwVHBpcGVpUmkyN2hWYkZVYjQwODJ0WXRTYUdfUnM0R0Jmek8wNVBodjNtcUE9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EcjdlSk5VNk1YUGdkaVJzMGRDVy1QekxMMDdpSGMtd1RmaGJwdjJIc1B0QnVKRUlQZUF0eU5Bb1lYeUFYOC1WUTNzUUd2NWdLb0Z4WFFNRWVrS29QalBaNFBTdFV5aUp6VFZhYk1iYWF4X0VoeHZSLXN1U0JxbzVLVE5RMFl4cXlsZXFTckNDUGVUZDFQZWxqa280UkNPWGhmaDg0VXJ3VUtLQ0habzdfNlQwPQ== |
I have only just watched the video where the Wold Health Organisation Deputy pretended not to hear the Taiwanese interviewer's question... and then he proceeded to cut the video.
Is this because China doesn't want Taiwan to fully break off from China and become another Hong Kong type of issue?
By restricting access of Taiwan to global organisations, it makes Taiwan seem like its not a real country.
Is this the reason behind it all ?
Or, am I completely incorrect? | r/chinapolitics | post | r/ChinaPolitics | 2020-12-12 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6ek9hbzFtekRzMmx5dV9lbjhZcl90QVRiN2Qwa3BBVlhjSjVUaV9KdE5jZC1FNGxiRjZrVmFnbFF3VWFfcTk0eS1HS01JM2haY1RWMjhVTmdfeGptcFE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ENXBHMUdKUTlIcUxpcGNYSDN6ZFVkTTkyUDh2VDNDUG80UWk5aFJNYUxtS1BDRE9HYmVzOHhxUmtPbXpuM1RWdUVhV0p3OE9pNW9kOEFGSDBhZml2NmlWN050STQ4TnVoYUFua3dFX1FZdzI2NHVBVEZPN0VpeGVBQ2xFTlgwS1AtMFo4WjIybDhRVUlqQ1FpR1ZPb0x3TkVpSWx2dkxGV0JYZm5lcWtQZWRudE9nS1A3cmVrejBtX2VnVHduejBp |
Taiwan is very close to being freed from its former China overlord. Keep watching, especially after US, with the incoming Biden administration, re-enters global political community. Everyone outside of China is unhappy about their hard handed tactics around the world over the past decade (South America, Africa, and particularly the southeast Asian Pacific region), and alliances are being strengthened to curb their power plays in these regions.
(Thank you for posting to this sub-🙏😊) | r/chinapolitics | comment | r/ChinaPolitics | 2020-12-13 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6RHpaYVA2cWNISTlmMndVWl8zQ09RSEVzNXdLMHhqSG1ET01XMENJSjBoUVdDSWgtTFFFUE5uOFNYbVF2Z1U1NHBwOS1Qd2ZEMmkzSnpKcUVEaGoyd3c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EWnJteHN6ck9Iakt0M0JtTVFnczlYSFR6cUpnUnRUVTEzWmhicG9wSDloMW0wcS0tdDVST2hIOVhMMU9fLXR4WTkwQWE3VWl1TGFic0huSkJIRVRZQmhVX0llV3Z4QVhDY1pqUzNsSDVacXRoSjVOeHg4N0VCSXgxSHV4Q1R2bGEwY3hWOEJxNmhsT0x5WkRaSjk2OVJUWEp3UUpCSXhvZjkyb1lOVU1LTUhmbzhscVZVeFdlOFpreDdQaDFtcEZVWm95c1dFamRtcDAzS3o1TnU5NlJ0QT09 |
Looking for a paper that I've seen somewhere but cannot seem to find it anywhere!
The crux was that in markets where there is an incentive to be unique, stand-out, or be different, the dynamics actually end up playing out so that everything/everyone converges to a similar set of characteristics. Examples include:
* online dating profiles
* products on supermarket shelves | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2020-12-14 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6YlItUjIzZXNGSDBqS0FTaTZpdkEydHRHZWFoeU9PaERVWllvdUV4WDJjZ0EyWFdvLTZVRVRtN0RzeDd2RGw5cVlyREhBc1JqLXMta3czcWZRdnpCMlE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EcFgyLVdWeTB1bFFKVWtKM2JVNzhoczd0V1FpaTNPLVdGa2F5cHVfUE5vTzR3MjJlSjdFeDF3S0pVOFQ4eHkwNVp4M0huSVB1aXNHc21Ca1ZpNDhPcjNwQy1GU3VQaGltNmZNNVFVMGdLN19naE03NG9qdXJCUXp3MVhyQ2VwMFRiV1Bjb3VLZHE3aFY0SmNWYTJ1NEtzTjVQb1BnT2tQSUpvLTRRM0xDRE95b3k5UmtEcmpsUDUzcWlubzZMSVNkVkxFTXZtbXpQRkY5RThCTWpwMHlvQT09 |
Total deadweight capacity of the world merchant fleet increase to over 2,000,000 thousands tons - 4% up from 2019 and 160% from 2000.
You can find a few more details and our source data in our article here:
[https://logisticselearning.com/2020-world-merchant-fleet/](https://logisticselearning.com/2020-world-merchant-fleet/) | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2020-12-18 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6bXRSekRfU2lVV0s1alo3cUloa0lJS0NzMGVDOUlHNWR1cmNuQ0V2SWZuRjQ4X2YtOTN4X1NKRkZVTmszeXJzTHhwNGloRnp3eDEtRzNFRWRxbTZrdmc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EejJKdVNaZ1ZETWZEMVpVTWdMczlqdERKUE1Yejg4V18teVFtMW53X2t6UjdnRV9zYnE2XzdsZzZYZGlfUURSZkZUZzREdVRCMVQ1UlhxMGhWb2ZMbXVPb1dYam1OMW41RmdHQy1iNGNnMlZSX0JERHVES0ttVHFoTkZ2dHJlSWg3dzl2WXIyemQ4Qnh3cHUzV3FLTmlQbTE1ZnAxaFZ5VzdjeHh6WThzZElQeTZKeVdaYzJScVBnMXZWSjMwSHVVYXhDOVFKYi1lNmhzVmJFRHR3NF9zQT09 |
Hello, I am trying to start my Bachelor's Thesis on the topic "The impact of international commercial terms (Incoterms) on the buyer-seller dyad: analysis and application". I need to have a **quantitative** application where I am planning to analyze different trade or economic related variables (such as country trade risk, credit risk, etc.) with one variable being related to actual Incoterms.
I am interested especially in databases that can show me the frequency of used Incoterms in certain geographical areas, country, type of industry, I am open to pretty much any kind of analysis as of my quite general title.
To this point, I have not started the paper because my first step is the actual application, and I could not find anywhere a reliable database showing me anything about Incoterms specifically.
I want to mention that I have thoroughly searched in websites like wto, comtrade etc.
Thanks in advance and if any of you can direct me to a specific database or have any useful suggestion, it is highly appreciated. | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2020-12-18 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6LS10QlRLemw4TXJGakZCTjVZMkc2U0p4S0MwRWswRVBzbkk5ajcyYTFVaFRKSUp2ZWdUWlRQaVA1MWZxbS1WMXRid1Z3OFJnVGxrSDl5bGlpRTRENXhOSTlnaUZ4ZG5qbl9Gc3lKc2c4MzQ9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EeGZXaW9vWGxpU2VHdDNoWDdlZUpUaWtoNFpkZ2d1M1VYaWhnZWYyZkxFTlJFWExwMWQ3VEdJWFJNSUZaZEtvYzllYmk1MTl3Sl9yT1hCTXhaN2U1WFliZGJFamV0WEplZWJiZ25CZFhLSG9BeWRwUUozOTUzZV9LNUxJak9yQXA5OXh4aUxzd1lmLVBGMy10MERBQTZkVWdQU0g0eGtkNTJRaXRaMmJJeTR5TzZXVlRPY1lfcTJsYUJzUmFFYlh5 |
"despite the differences, really contribute to solving many problems and challenges that the world faces">!!<
Like efficiency in warfare. If they see a chance of civil war somewhere. They say why not double down and make it a proxy war. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2020-12-22 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6Q3R2YTVmcEg0ZGRSRWZla2hoUm1BTXhfaVMtUDlFNFYwNEFxREI3WEtSazdHVjNZRDJteUJ6SWg5Z1dVbVEzV3BwRjVWWG9lM0pZeTBYRC12ZUdHT0hraXI4V3R0QjcwNWJFeVdkQjVaTW89 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ERFRNQXBPNnowRFFvNDB6UkRRUkJITEtrRjFRVmV4U1pzVlQxRXl6U2NxSmgyZG1tZjg5RWhjdTk2aHNHSmI1b3JHLU9JWDhybk4tVThwRTUyMW9Fd21PS3ZLWEJhemZmNDc0OWR1UVcyQXN1NkJ1aW5jNnN0b2VOMnlQcUgxNms0RzQ1cTJ3TzZiTGRXOXBNcXc2TEN1SDZCMWo2dktNclhfX1hRalR1NHhMal9uRGJwLWJ2RXpkRTZfQ19VbmczYV9FS0M5UWdLRHNtWktBbElrSEFSTXFSQUJ3RmhOb3dRY3drYXJfRjFGST0= |
To understand how such a thing can come about, here's a brief orientation video for ISDS
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uS3cWE8K3w](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6uS3cWE8K3w) | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2020-12-23 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6UEh6d0NCb1d1a0EyY29QOEZtN3hjLWd5SlB1RjJfdlZINWRnUjhOMWxHYTRBSTM0RldWWHZFTGNHMDJqRTAwM2VhSFNwTWg5ZVhfeDE3ckxYbndpV3c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EN3RpVF9qb3BMaEJQeW9US2lic1doZXQ2b0Qwc3RtOXZ0RWRqT3pqLXd1RGJsNFRVLUp2V3J6VjRHWXJMSXEzTmFMd2RNenpOeXU4WGlWa3c2eEhmQ2RDeDJvMXBaWnJwM2dTWjA2VTBFYkItVzB3aHZWeEgwT1E5anAzWnptQVhkZ25ERHFWZDlVRWZQOFNCdGlsZHB5ejJPZW5wd05hNlc2bUhwY0ptaUJRWmlpcWsxcENzeUg2MG85MkNJU0FZWWZDaGFKVzlPaVhQUVdrTTBsNXZadz09 |
al-Shabab’s view on the current territory it controls.
***
posted by [@azelin](https://twitter.com/azelin)
Photos in tweet | [Photo 1](http://pbs.twimg.com/media/Ep2KUjiXYAA6-tp.jpg)
^[(Github)](https://github.com/username) ^| ^[(What's new)](https://github.com/username) | r/somaliconflict | comment | r/SomaliConflict | 2020-12-23 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6R1NGZUJ2dWNWVmhKTF9TcTJfc3hPeFllT3l1SnQybnJNUmF2RzFfYnVLR0ZuNWlDUllvaXBXU05CUlUzcmdWREFVdE5LSjFiVmIwV1VSSGU2UVpfYUE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ESC13WTBuc1o4bk1FV19tYTA5bVJ5QnFfbjRYRXJfNzhVUG01RDJuSmdFR2lqOERhMFRTUVdNUmZPTGdDZFNuVFpmRWVfVE5HRU02QWFmajZwakVoWWEwWUFCN0JfNVIyd0tKcXRsNFM2YzgyS0RyQlhFc0NNR1JteFlhaThzT3pNNTU3dzFwYmVnRzJqV0NHSG9YRUJ3ckgya2FYbllzSTFrd2lhTTRUeVJJbXhXd1liMFdhM0FkU0xIQVZpaUdsWEpKdTEtR1p6Vi12dDl0UEd3SG9ZS0JwMllYc0dIalhfdzFPR3Q4bkNvWT0= |
Hey I'm a university student.. would anyone here have the charles hill international business book
Thanks | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-01-01 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6X00wSUZPS19zSGVKeDdqMS02c3d0M0l5QVZQMjNqLUpuQ3Z2X0RrYlNEelZCRDk3LUd2a0RBTGJwZ001eXFXMnVrSnJKQmhoZVRaNWtsXzVBT214NzNkQ210UWxzallRUzZaRzJaNjljVzQ9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EbEpJLXhLXzFzWjRNZjNyaGJPeUs1VmlGWExYTDFWWVVvYlRNdURzYW5wSnlxdWQ0Tm03UWRpamdKNXV6NkNldHd4WVVyVkhsZF92bE9XTzFXVl8zUkpiSjg0VDZWSWdObXRUemZ0WkltN0hia29Gd0pSZVBpWnV5U3ZoNUFIeE1JUmQ5ZFFub1VwYUFLOURuQk1TTFR2S3NybVBmdjNMc3Z3MW5uVFFXZmhBSEFpV1l5aUNxNE9KSzZaZEYydFBiakV1ckJySHZ1SEpRTG5iSVljZUd4QT09 |
I mean to say that a very limited rocket attack, over known trajectories, may have a reasonable chance of being blocked. But I'm not holding my breath in that case, either. 50-50 chance of blocking it. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-01-02 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6TFgxQ2pJQ09zUmNsNkxhTFFaVGhHamJ6XzRyZWdvbDN6WnlKeFV2Zm5HN3hFa3lfQ1lhNkxXOEoxcFN5RklMMm16NkhpcTV3eEdiU2h4N1RISndKNlE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EZkN4bGxnUkswcFZTWkxwVHBRVjBqMUpKSU84VnF5cnFsLXF6MU02b1d1Z2ZtMDJ1MmhZeXE1VUt0U19kbWlXLWVhWGJ4bURkZmR0dlhUU3Y2dHN5NUUtSVkwalFzRmdZNnhqWFpFdkN3MDRpM3otR1V6OS1FdXdUY2tsS1Nhdm01emFieHE2TlN2bXFaSFRDWUlTTUdpaDQ5ei1tWGtRSDRONTVIc3UzbDFWcGtZcFhPcExudXBmakE0dERCT3phX2pETjdMX25kaWNqSVhzeU1uaDVSTUVPQzdzMDFmaHRLOVlOZ1J1X3QwND0= |
That's how I feel about it. And, keep in mind, the detection satellites have only a very narrow window of view, something like 5 degrees, so they have to be focused over a very narrow area. Submarines, that's a different story. It stands to reason that every boomer is tracked by US Navy attack subs. But, what if... one gets though the net and launches? There are some super quiet subs out there. We'd never know that we missed it. And the other problem I see, how do you identify the country of origin of said sub? Who do you retaliate against? You can only find out after the fact the origin of the fissile materials. In general, I do not feel that NK represents a danger, they do not have a 2nd strike capability. And China has a no first strike policy. That leaves Russia. And in that case, any anti-missile defenses would be futile. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-01-02 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6c04zdWx3TmF0QmlVT0ZJVXdwcHdVQUd5YzAxOTRlMllrbnpSdVZtZHNaY18wVVczekJRMU5zZmxobmdmN2pJd25nRGowdTNxb3BsMnFuSVoyT3ZYR2c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Ea2tLeHg5d2xlQkpnNkxqSkZzbkZiUlFfQjNST1I0Y1NyZEljNGJ3clVhODZ4QThveUUzaU5qVTlOMHpTbGtjZVB3eW1MUzBlcHFKTVhQbkhabFQ0M0Nvamk0bk55Zm1CcnNBTl9KV3FDejJBT3REYmt4bVVPNmVET0xTYjY4WlFxYXdjTlNxd3dCT25WVHFEOEJ1Q1pxeUJvd3JxRW10eHI1dGhRTE9KdkRIaUlHS2VQVXhKWjg2X1EwWDhGXzZ2ZlQwYzFpMDZzd242TWNQVUMyNEl3Z0JTZ1ljSzIxQTFpMHpKRkdLQmo2QT0= |
Wrong subreddit. You're looking for r/WorldPolitics. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-01-06 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6bmdWd3lCMDVvN1IwaVZhNEd6MDBhNmhYYlR3NDhvYnJFSFViWFdXYkFCZUdfV18wZ1lIRzdhQUc2SWJndDhaWHAyblJJRU1XSjZyb0d0MEJmNWNZenc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ETjhDYVhPR3YwRllTVnRmWG55d2tQckVtZzJPcS1CXzVCNUZ6S2tHS1F3ZlIySVRqWmJYSVpPWWFOLU54TTlMSWk5cER6SkRvXzVjcFd2NWRjZlVaTkl4NDZPVUFMQUdTYlQ3SDVycVA3aDlOX0E4NlU3NnZKRV8zTDlybHYwYWpTRTdrWlZhT1NVNjhrZUNubHpDSDU4cnp1Smh6NlJvMjlNcHh6VHI3V21DckpDZ1pBWFVOcU1EWXJTYjZXTFly |
Aligned with high-level international economic and trade rules, the **EU-China agreement focuses on institutional openness**. It covers areas far beyond traditional bilateral investment agreements, ***covering market access commitments, fair competition rules, sustainable development and dispute settlement***.
Regarding market access, the agreement adopts a pre-establishment national treatment and negative list model. Pre-establishment national treatment means the treatment of foreign investors will be no less favourable than afforded to Chinese domestic investors at the stage at which they first made their investment.
For the first time, China committed to a negative list – **setting out industries in which foreign investment is prohibited, unless the investor meets certain conditions – in all sectors, both service and non-service**. This aligns with last year’s [Foreign Investment Law](https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/3001780/china-approves-new-foreign-investment-law-designed-level), which set out a negative list system for foreign investment.
***European enterprises in the manufacturing, construction, transport, finance, telecoms, computer, consulting and health care sectors will enjoy better access to China.***
In terms of fair competition, China and the EU have reached a consensus on [state-owned enterprises](https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/3116525/chinas-mighty-state-monopolies-cast-big-shadow-over-private), **transparency of subsidies,** [**technology transfer**](https://www.scmp.com/news/china/money-wealth/article/3017440/why-issue-forced-technology-transfer-so-vital-china-and)**, access to standard setting bodies and clarity on administrative enforcement and financial supervision**. On sustainable development, the agreement makes specific provisions on environmental and [labour issues](https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3114695/xinjiang-forced-labour-concerns-threaten-derail-chinas). China will [work towards](https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3115869/china-eu-investment-deal-beijing-appears-comply-human-rights) the ratification of the outstanding International Labour Organization conventions and effectively implement already ratified conventions.In terms of environmental protection, China and Europe will both implement the Paris Climate Agreement, Chinese and European leaders have established the China-EU High-Level Environment and Climate Dialogue, and China [has promised](https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3102761/climate-change-xi-jinping-makes-bold-pledge-china-be-carbon) to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, with emissions peaking in 2030.
The agreement covers a state-to-state **dispute settlement mechanism**, which envisages an *institutional framework for monitoring the implementation of commitments, including regular political monitoring*.
In addition, ***ad hoc mechanisms are included for rapid engagement at the political level in case of serious and urgent problems***. Regular dialogue and participation of stakeholders, including businesses and social organisations, will be an important part of the implementation process.
***The completion of these negotiations is a historic breakthrough for both China and Europe, and a new milestone in China’s globalisation.***
First, the agreement promotes bilateral high-level dialogue on the *environment and digital sector, upgrading partnerships in these areas*. It makes commitments on *market access in the fields of environmental protection services and new energy vehicles*. It also narrows market access restrictions in communications, cloud services and computer services, which will help foster cooperation in the environmental and digital sectors.
Second, the [Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership](https://multimedia.scmp.com/infographics/news/world/article/3111636/RCEP-trade-deal/index.html#:~:text=On%20November%2015%2C%202020%2C%2015,New%20Zealand%20and%20South%20Korea.), signed in November, does not include commitments on the environment, labour, state-owned enterprises or subsidies, as the China-EU deal does. This agreement will help China reach free-trade or investment agreements with other countries, such as [Japan and South Korea](https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/opinion/article/3044565/china-japan-and-south-korea-must-choose-history-or-economics).
Third, the agreement will give a strong impetus to China joining the [Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement](https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/explained/article/2186475/explained-cptpp-trade-deal) (CPTPP), about which Chinese leaders have recently [expressed an openness](https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3110784/china-may-join-trade-pact-replaced-trans-pacific-partnership). China would first have to align with international rules on government procurement, subsidies, state-owned enterprises and labour standards.
The China-EU deal will push Beijing to raise standards on many fronts and reform parts of the economy that are not in line with international practices.
Fourth, the agreement **will help promote World Trade Organization reform**. It fills gaps in WTO rules by imposing transparency obligations on subsidies in the service sector.
The agreement will also foster cooperation among China, the United States and Europe. Further integration among the three parties in investment, trade and the economy will help dilute ideology. Thus, the agreement not only benefits China and the EU, but the rest of the world, including the US.
At a time when anti-globalisation is prevalent and free trade hampered, the agreement will boost world economic recovery in the post-pandemic era and contribute to the construction of a new international economic order.
Finally, the agreement is **conducive to the EU playing a greater stabilising role between China and the US, mediating during conflicts**. The EU could convene ***trilateral meetings to cover key issues such as Covid-19, the global health system and climate change, and promote global governance reform***. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-01-07 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6N2l1MXVKaUVpOElOUnVLbTdlVUlyR2JNVHNQaDdOakxLclRqc1IyNGNULU9mWnBCbUs2bUlGbGc1a1YwekpjaUV2NEJuM2QzaWUzQkFPY1I3NktUU0E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ESXRzOV9RVGRZRVJCWHVfVjBPUW9sNkdHRi1yNEd4MElKME0zVUVuNTBMTTgyWlhnaUVrWDUxTHpGX2duMGFCWGdkNkxXeEhJekp6eHlwd1ppX0JwNk9jMm9lNzVJNy1rY2M4QWNGVm1YRGpJaHdQYlVSVW81NGxySDE4ZzBQRjR5TlZ6LW80SE15el9OMktReGVpZXJNZV82RmdDWWNUMmRpelBGSDVGQThNaHlCc0dCUU9fbmZSd18zN1VIU09leGhmTng0c0VZUjhwVHluT3pfbGdKUT09 |
Many of you know, we have a strict no-politics rule on this subreddit. It's explicitly stated in the rules.
For a while now we've been temp/perma banning people for breaking said rule.
Effective immediately, any and *all* posts regarding politics, no matter how relevant, will result in an immediate 4 week ban. You may appeal this if it happens to you. But it's pretty straight forward.
We will no longer perma-ban first time offenders but multiple offenders will be perma banned, including those who post multiple politically fueled posts in one sitting before we catch it the first time.
Covid-19's affect on business is not included in this.
Just remember, r/business is a pro-business subreddit. We hold the right to remove anti-business propaganda, and bad company behavior belongs over at r/greed, not here. We will not ban people for these posts, however. | r/business | post | r/business | 2021-01-11 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6aEs3cVFNTUdxR3E3OXlHSzcwQ2tYendSYnk4ZWJzV2UwQTFtMkZMLUJJUUplbVhCajZqeHhfeHZ5NWo2MXlKOW5DTGo1RzBYQU5DeDE3M1RwWDdOSGc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ETlY3ZUdQb2tzUnYxZHplWVhmNzBaYVB4TF84cVVUbnM5OWJsY2dvNWhQcm5ESFc5UTBCZ3ZXYkdHZWE4WURpVTkzblNyUUJrMVpOcTdOd25XeHZkWm4tOFFhX00wWFlnTHAzMHlJY3FYdXpwbkYyWE4ycWlTU3A3cVNuWDg3UTRGV0NBeF9NR3pTazZiSTg1Zm5VRjhBME91dHVraFNvLWota2FEZ2JFOU5VPQ== |
Why the storming of US Capitol wasn't surprising and what the chaos across the Atlantic forebodes for Europe and the world - conversation with the renowned political commentator and author Ece Temelkuran | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-01-13 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6cFVGUDQwdlRNMUJGVzAxZWVxQnNoYzFwQ0dtWGhWbnRFbWc1OWdwUlY3YW1kUUpCSHAwd0N3aVZmbmozY1FoMVdmOGU3SWhCV0RtRi14YVA0cGVOZHc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ESUx6TGo4a3JGbjFFRUM5UmtodGtRUE9yNVc1eDY0T1FzOUtKV0E2U0JiQ1RCWUlOaDg0Wmt3elU4dzhMOURjMW53YmVSQ0Vjb1pfa0h4MTdPVWFaakZQWTJhdDdsTXFhLTB5NEFXS0Fxd0w3aU1MaWh6djNwemdWTmNqOWJPM0VDNlh1UDdLeGc0ZmdNTmczbG5wb3QwQzR5bjAyakhzczhRQ0R1c2lrRjRHdm56TEtSeGFLYUZhN0haRlhxY2c5WDBNcWJ5RGoyS0lZaDhDUE5jQVpUdz09 |
Only 12 months late, fantastic. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-01-15 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6SkJrZnUtclR4MWpteUkxSFBoV04yVW42TTlMM2lfd2FjTVowVFZ0bUFMSXlWQjVYQlloWWdXS0ZhYWR5aDhjX2lLZGZ1N0h3S21XT0dhM25wT3hkM2c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EcnRjaEsyWWduLTdvNGVmUjNfRzRCVzRXc0hDTjVMQ2M5a25OeVN6UGlURkVDalVuY3NZNDhkTU1YUExKUTVzUmF6ZGZiU295U3BpOGVPbEhKUm5maTZ6TXNmUi1WSUVBUU92cDRmcTdlM3Qtb19jblpRY3ZFTjlObHRJdFJBM3VUczFVRGtQdk1OSC1jbm9kZllZdkRLY2tITEhXa2VpRkZ0d1ltRW9GQjRNakVFbHlQdjVWOE9MbGItczNObWpEOHdzZGpCMksxTlViaXpuRzJhWlpIUVUwbnhLTjFJano1M0FxdGl0c0x6VT0= |
Hmm apparently I can’t post and I am not sure why | r/militarystrategy | comment | r/MilitaryStrategy | 2021-01-18 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6cXpoZ3RiVHBac2ZvZDZZNmMzelF2Q2N0SDZCYjhuNjhLTUs3elVOMkVqc3NSelhyQ3QwRHJIUE5uWGFOQkEzeDROMnVXRFRocWhxN3pPeGxsUnZ3a1E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EbHJCb2czR2lEUlJfeDM3RUhvaTlzNWtvSm9pU1Q0ekJoVDZoT0VZSE1SdGVEUmJvay11NEFGRDRpNDVOWEVVOS1HdWV6c0NCSmNpMDV6U1ZKVVk5bG45RzFxT19rN3lkNDZnUkpUUVp0ZmhUdVpKUUJhb1ctTVh1T1M5Tm1JWVVFbFZZMUVNYWtzbWRwSHdlbkNTeFBLQUU2OVMwZ2k0dDNzdzUwZ2l4cGR3ZGttYzlTZzI1QVRCb0VOWEVJMWxFQjV3MTJLU2EzMDlod1lDYll1OThtNk42YUk2NGsxVFoxaWRLTm1RT0RhTT0= |
Hello, I have already posted a similar request some time ago, but I have come back with some more insights and research on the topic.
I am currently working on my Bachelor's thesis on the topic of Incoterms and would need a quantitative study. To keep it short, I know delivery terms are not gauged by region or country most of the time. However, any reliable statistics are impossible to find, but I have come across a paper " Factors influencing the choice of delivery terms used in Spanish seaborne container trade", from which I am going to attach below the data in question. It is the kind of statistic I am looking for, not necessarily the industry or country in the table, but as a general idea.
From what I see it is extracted from the Spanish Trade Statistics, but there I could not come across this type of information wherever I searched, following their sources.
Any idea or help regarding where can I find exactly this type of data? (breakdown of Incoterms use by country) | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-01-21 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6ZVN6VWFmZFhJa1RKM2o5YjlZZzhwRC13WGZ2ck9qU0NZY1BuT2xDRFhwVVh3V0NXaU5EZlM3LUJxb1dxUmNMOE1qcXMydnVHTF9xSHVUTWJZOXlTS3VMcERLMDlHQl9VQmc3Sy1MRmtkYkU9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ESDZMd2w2ZXJucUpSTl8yWTdydF9JMU51ZE1xUDJOQWVYUk1Wc2JtcmJ4WWctXzA0M0pWTjFuVGlWSFBlTkN4eVhrY2ZtdGt6WDFPX1l3UnBzd282dWFYYlk4X2p6Y3pmVURSMU5tSk9KeS1JeEdPSl9tUk9kMDRmUDNJUVVkakxMaW1WZEI1ai11UnZucDZsNVBWcGRKZWtZWWxqNm5sNlpNUDh0UjFFMFlSYUt4WUVsSEhMdXBFaHRvcl9pZm16YTRqNDZmMDZFakhVRWV3b0dld3RGZz09 |
I work in the US, and while our government does collect data on international trade, it does not collect data on what incoterm is being used.
I remember reading an article saying 70% of trade between the US and China is controlled by the US party (I just looked for the article and couldn't find it). So you could assume that 70% of the US exports are CPT, CIP, DAP, or DDP and 70% of the US imports are EXW or FOB.
From my personal experience (sample size: 1 office of 1 freight forwarding company with approx 50-75 different customers), I'd say our exports are 70% CPT/CIP, 20% DAP, 5% DDP, and 5% EXW. Our imports are probably 85% EXW, 10% DAP, 10% DDP, and 5% FOB. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-01-22 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6VzJ6TWFrR1pSZWh0cjN0bGJDSHZPc2l5cmF0TTRMcHFwdDhGalBqNjlETEJ0Tjl3TEFnSXl2REdIOFR0SWhwRjBvX1hoZWFpOEU1Qnk4QTBlaDhzSks2dXVVQWJvYW1fRjdJaUpUVFVnNTQ9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EaFhjWWNWUFZQZExodnJTSnhwNHBKZFR1RWF0WDNwRG5qUExKSXl1dlRERm5fUjBLX0JJRmxUWXRxR2xqbmJVOENzcGNNb2dlWUxBYUxQX0I3WWtRYlVPdWdiNWFRVTl1MGhzMUZZZ2RLQ1FZT2gtel85dUZHc3VTYk01WlRDM0Fmb3lmM1VVYWUxX2tGcE9LT21vMWxVY09PLWxxQXRjal9Qa09Wb2hIYnk4SWI4VXowanc1MUlSVERtbzA1bzV4YXVFQUxxYjBQeEM5aWpUNUpjb1pTQT09 |
Hi, I am looking for some trade portal, which provides the global trade static (Export Import) I am all ready using ITC trade map, if any one suggest me something new? .. | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-01-24 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6QzZEWnVHUko0OGs5WnduS3dfTXkxWEdpTGtDTDdINFZmazJCTWNNakhaSHpTSzRFMDlrMlgxOEJNaWZTdTg0dDJ4Tm10eFVtMGhpeGkxWTVIZVlfREE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EcXFIcmpkSm5UUDdtdW1TU3d5aWx1Z0RZN1F0MDdmTlNqM0dIdlNDNzRnaFlLSFpaZU9UdVN5bG5GTEMzN3M5eGxOV050bFpjejdzUUhiTm9qU2hzaUEzbWk2cXFwUUhOcjV1MklGRGNreW95UkEwSEVnTTMyN01IZXVxVlNNbEY2TUF6cVR3d3RyQnVOM0R0REYtd3Z0d2Nfa0Fqc2lGTUpTLVp0Rkp1QnN3PQ== |
[http://www.worldstopexports.com/](http://www.worldstopexports.com/) posts interesting international trade metrics | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-01-24 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6QTNVNmt0NzRxZ3J3Y1ZDTkxVS0VEbVNSbE1TM0h6MWFRY1l3b28xcm5wNGdNdmE5a0RYd1FiQTNDU1NXSnNuMjZPRld3NmFXNWpfUHh3cHNoTV9vaHdWcjVXbmJqZGUzbDZsdGxMVlllSHc9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EaXQ1eHhsUTc0TG5RemJwZ0pPT0VjejMtS3U1amtkTnZXb0F3SW93VUY1MTBnT1VCbURrV1pnSkhqUFd6eTlWM0IxZmVnSDJlcWdOY2tXbUNMeFVQMTg0XzlFT1IyQ3lKbVg3SjFzaC1HSUhTd1pEOGdGbkNhMVFOZXpfbS1KWTFPYXVHMDhvZG81VnVKcWtnRVFITWhPYkJsNDVTRDJjcWZrVXhXV0pUNklLQUFfWjVTRnRvZGpoSV9sbURoMXNp |
It is better to cite the report directly rather than mirroring it from an organization that tracks the persecution of Christians globally. The report was made by Chatham House - [here](https://www.chathamhouse.org/2021/01/global-britain-global-broker). It projects a path forward for Britain in the post-Brexit world and foreign policy directives with most major countries. The report considers India not as an ally, but as part of a 'difficult four' - India, Russian Turkey, Saudi Arabia.
> This also limits its capacity to undertake a proactive foreign policy on the global issues that matter most to the UK. For example, India shies away from joining Britain and others in supporting liberal democracy beyond its shores. To the contrary, the overt Hindu nationalism of the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party is weakening the rights of Muslims and other minority religious groups, leading to a chorus of concern that intolerant majoritarianism is replacing the vision of a secular, democratic India bequeathed by Nehru.[88](https://www.chathamhouse.org/2021/01/global-britain-global-broker/CHHJ8608-Britain-in-a-splintered-world-RP-INT-080121-epub-5.xhtml#footnote-082) And the government’s broader crackdown on human rights activists and civil society groups is no longer being actively challenged by the judiciary, leading to growing complaints about erosion of the rule of law, not only from domestic groups but also the UN and other democracy-watchers. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-01-24 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6MDlQYndQcjI0bGtCZGdUckNHSUp1QWxTUmcwTHJNUC1qVk0ybHNiUW1uVm9TazkzQmxIdWROd2d1TDRxSTNLY292blpZYTZqQzFSZUVjenBWMC1mTGc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EWnBLcXhRY0hxRVk5QV93SUpCSU4zdXh3bkZCbm1JNmRXWEhhYUtxVlV5dkNzUjBMejBjcUFzWnllUUZpU2dpM1NlYkx0djBscmhRdHFPeDdXcjI2RUVQbFp4V01nS1BudGplQUlIVVk1VzktZC1VNDRXNVpJV2xYR1RVcXAzNEg2cWpxZ2lKOWJFUktZSnpVbGN2TFJiT1lOV3ZpOUxya1pMQ29IU0lGLWx1c245SDNudndDU2M0SGZaYXFMWnQ0V2huMVdibEt6NS1ocnp0M3JsSUVyaXhFazdCcldZLUxVb1NxZ3pacEd2OD0= |
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Hi everyone, I'm looking to bulk import supplements from the US to the EU and trying to get my head around the legal requirements. There seem to be a ton of them. At the same time I'm able to order products in a US based online supplement shop and have it shipped to the EU easily. Parcel arrived without any problem. Was I just lucky that it did, or does that mean that the products I have bought are actually approved for sale in the EU?
Does each product need approval in the EU, similar to an NPN number in Canada? | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-01-28 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6Y3lRdlJ1blN2aUp4a1RIdlZWQTZEWjY1THdYM3dEQXZRU3ZhQ2RBWEFRNjh0N0tKaDBXQk40d1VYdXdjNDB4QkVUd25aaEZwc0Q0WkRLY0o3M2g3TkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ENmhQSkNHX3FKWEZqbGw1SjRHUGZad3duNjZCSWdFM09OdkJLRXJwUFpqZFJ3ZzN2Q1ZWN3VfdlJySUw2Z3owdVBITnlrZ2s3b2IwZW14X0NUejZ3dGxOQUNfRnVlNkJoTnduLWZmc05PbnNvNXBzMHM3XzFIOWJHaDVoMTdLRm51Z193TVo3WHJzd00tZWMweVcxT1lpdGxRRUYxRTAyQXM0aVNhZTRyRnoyUl8wQUd5b0dMQWd6UnJXbWo1MmNQV1ZRekpNYkVpemVNMUlfRXJoZGJrQT09 |
Hi!
I am interested in recreating the analysis performed by Stevenson and Wolfers (2006) (found here: [http://users.nber.org/\~jwolfers/papers/bargaining\_in\_the\_shadow\_of\_the\_law.pdf](http://users.nber.org/~jwolfers/papers/bargaining_in_the_shadow_of_the_law.pdf)) in their QJE paper, for my research purposes.
In short, the paper uses a two-way fixed effects model to understand how the implementation of unilateral divorce laws (just after 1969) helped reduce suicide rates within the state.
Is there any way I can recreate the analysis that they perform? I currently do not have the data. From the footnotes of their analysis, it appears that they had manually collected some of the data from the print editions of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reports.
Thank you in advance! | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2021-01-30 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6S2JjNE5BMmN4dGtjdDdZNFkxZlpMRGh2Wm9MelBQWHB5MFJ2RndXc2JFRVNEdlJFWkpzTnBaNm81cldZMDhGTTNJZUFiN2tLWnpHd0ZUOXFHU29aSmZRWDBnM0x3bmc5anRLenV1SkRRZDQ9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EcjcxbjlUaHJ4VEVUUHZhX1FiNFpRcTRwaTdFekFjNEt2REJ0VUJkMlBZZEY1MFZJVkxBZnBUREVjSWNhdkZxMm40V3V1elhOcmpPNTUzb08wVnYtS1d5LUtia0dGdE00VnFpSUJMaTVMa1RMa0dCdlQxUW1IOTNPSEVEQW1IMS1tZFpaS0pFTjFGVzNHRE9FMWtDOHoxZmhybUloZFFmWjFDNjdoUnk5UVRPaHR5d0lxMlFlLTA4b2hrWkhSNWV5MTVab3hsRTFRSTBqazMxbHhQT1d2UT09 |
I’m trying to do some research and can’t find a way to access historical prices on a minute-by-minute (or even hourly) of a few blue-chip companies that goes back a ways.
I’m hoping for at least two blue-chips in the same industry, and a third in a separate industry. More would be better, but 3 would work.
Thank you in advance for any help! | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2021-01-30 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6czduN1BOekJpdjBTbWhYOG9nX3dKS1gtSEl1emw5bXc3S09aeldSanZ3ZzlJclRONTZxa1doZXJOWHFHQi1MR2Y3cUNzLTMyajE4V3ZPdWRfME11TlE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Ebno2RUlOeTNaQUxxbmlyMGZOcmM1aG5seTlUcUttbWJmQVhkT2xGU2pCbGRnYkpiejJGYjhlNDZmbFhpTnpBcWhwSEszVzZ2STBLQjVSRS1BU3R0RHozRzhQdGNld1JvM1Q4Mk51ZmdhNHdUSGQ0RzBvUE1OZWZFQ0RmUDdLY0wzZjhfeDlKUm9HZHpoWF9lYnJ5djNIalZYNV9US2xOeW0ydzhjcXBjektwX1VlYVB1WmUxbTZrZ2kzaVFNUGtR |
Hi,
Can anyone recommend any good papers that construct a rolling panel data?
Thanks in advance | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2021-02-03 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6QTI2N3oyQUY1aGhGMWJhTEt4OFVPb2tZd3Bydm1ZZXZVaHBta0JZVHpGdS1JTUNSWFJaS0U1QmVCTmJfX1lzRWRHZWpkSm93VjF0Q2VERjVxZFZYQ3c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EX0d2SDd2cGJVaUZBMEJ1UHdWRGNPc3hWTUxTZExiWG9oZk91ZzRPMUc0X3Jya1JWWVQ2R2NiUDlYREhQZzA4QlBNX0QxaUE1N2t5cmo3UzM5S0ZPTC1nd0FEUGhNT19MV0JxR256R0pDXzdPdmxxTGZMTXl5cEdRb042eVdwcmJ0S2lNb0dhS2tWY01ONGhjd0Fqal9ReFluNGZOLVRFRDJ1Q0QtdjgwS1E0UXJyc3l2b1cxR1k0b2Q4NHFQbEY2 |
During a signing ceremony held via Zoom video conference, Israeli Foreign Minister Gabi Ashkenazi said the new ties were “historic” and “reflect a change in the region, and in the Arab (and) Muslim world’s relationship with Israel”.
Ashkenazi said he had received an official request from Kosovo to establish a Jerusalem embassy, which Israeli officials hope will open by end-March. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-02-03 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6NjVNUmMtcUhwRHpvaGhNWWdtUnZ3dmItNS1DdGlsVjRNZ2dFbmNhMGxxbkVzMTkzSk9GU2hsWE5COU5UeHRoX01KQmxSNGpldDVaanpVSWFMa0tyZkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EQ01VbktNVXo4YldTa2hWaEFlM3VhZnI5emlpSWhxaUU4am1WNmFxeThuUmdqdFNudFRDTTczcUZNUUp5blZuYV9YMWlyVG9mRjhzOE9lbGEtZ3V4a3hpSHN6UllOQ3FELTRCb2NhQlpRSVFlX2ZQd2gwZmtrclFYV1oxLWZRd2E5SGVTekxaTWlET3VoY0ZXTGliazVxbHZQOFFJVUU2RE5XS3RDNkVpbUIwaTFkSmtuYVBLLUFWOGQ2R290eWw5eG5aQ0VyTElVaUNLX3JudDROb0VjYmM2VFphbjRINlFkZEVoRlRrVWZwWT0= |
I recall watching a docuseries on a British unit operating in Iraq or Afghanistan. I believe it was the Scots Dragoons but I'm not positive. They were operating something like the [BVS 10](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BvS_10). Would love some help finding the series... I recall one of the machine gunners was South African. | r/wardocumentaries | post | r/WarDocumentaries | 2021-02-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6R2lYUHduVjBubklDZ0o3SWhGVnNEMVgyUk5CWnBQYkwzMVAxbktHV19zdV9CRlA5cTVqV1BoT1VhQWhYZmVtME1TVlJwVy1UY3pkc1N2NlEtbzNuRFE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EV2lWbjNVQ0Y0dG42Vy1sVXdfemx6TDdZOHZIS3QwaXlwZ3NDdEY1cmROaDBtbS1ySWFKTVdkQXE1MkppbWMxckFSd2pwMWFuMFhFYTN0bFBCN0tIN3ZoOXB4NnVsTXcxdEZZNWtZajNha05KRDN4UHZQWUZ1aUF0ZlhyZVpfY1ZLVWRhNHRKc0JwcWlVbGsxLTJKT01ZbE93TWZDWEMyZWVFOHNtX2ZFdmdRaTZTZUxhTWNSVVFYLVJzdVhSbmtGaE90NEE1M3hpU1BEVFE3ZHdONHBMQT09 |
I am making a website about industrial product and want to grow
anyone interested in link-swap with me?
If your website is indusial related, please win-win😁
[Okmarts](https://www.okmarts.com/)
My email is [email protected] | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-02-07 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6UTQzYVpOZFYyZy1zQ2dPTjh3ZUI5SldJS01GWDNFd0p5MmZUX2h5R3dNTkFHNXRYOVZ4RHl3c3hkMTdkcGRkeEJrSFdwdmpuNHNFM1BONG9LUmZZVDFpQUN6eWs0SWZDQlR1cWxVSHc5Q1E9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EUlNOWld3N0JrOHpWV1BQQlFoMlJLWUxIVW11aHUyMmJYYkhWejdSYXFwemhLRE01QnVEeUdNQTRQM21PX2tGNGNRbnpUZnUwemliTy10Xy1NWVI3OThONWNFWVFzUjdCdG1uSVBCSzhialR2LVR6RkNvSVRDYk80ZjNVWGtERU9pLVdkWnBkV29VOEhpRkZUU0gxYUdEWDAyd01odzdiY3VlS3ZXSlltbE4zckU2Qkd0NktkbGNILUl1YnpwS01peWdOeDhPSEtwb0V0S1VjaFBjVnVmZz09 |
Hi there,
For this kind of question I'd reach out to the US Commercial Service as they are quite knowledgeable with those borders product certifications/regulations.
Here is the link to their website: https://www.trade.gov/export-solutions
Which countries are you exporting to in EUR? | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-02-08 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6N3o2S1hKNUM5NmdQb1kxNUdWeFVtNWZnbUJ1d01QNmJfeXZCMC1jQmRNYVoyNDViVXQ5LU9neURXNGFuS0dNZ1lXZEo1OHlROFF5cllnemRKbHppNEE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EVHBob0xPcjdnSzY4NVRGc2tnMmJyMXJFY1kzRC1OTUNRTTY0Z0hham11N19IS0JVMFhBRnJBekZxdEhpWVczSUlOTkU3ZWtWSmdqLUJ1RldmcDIzallTaG8xZlM2WjExd3lONk1Ld1h1QUVoRzFGMGpFelUtUkZCV0pFU2IxbElMdkdLSmt2aVRQX3dKMzY0SVhOelp0RVFjdXRRTm5nYmJuRVhFNmRBalJXMC1oLTVoWF9nY0lhcXp5bEZ2NHlEaWcyWWFUNlBBYUJLaGJSTk5QQ3V6dz09 |
I'd assume that the WTO's data website is full of those kind of stats: https://data.wto.org/
Let us know the outcomes of your research. 😉 | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-02-08 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6YTcxU0loajRXMjZrcHFSVkNmRGtJcC1rcTRENlRWOG1ZN2JjNE1vbUhoWTVaRXQ1VXMxcnE1MlBURE5nTTFIamw1a3l2V1hzN1ctMk81SUhVT3ZkYmc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ESHBmQWNtaW9HV2ZaVGpSTXp5TjBSSWUwSkVDdWZkOE9ZNXRXRHM5N1NORFhuVTduUE1XaVltOHpnVk9XdE5qbGR3T1J2ZURhV19WVXJRdHNvUnU2NU91dm9VeDJETHZSU1QyN1dKZlFoelAzRlBndHlJd3l1TXpkVFRKclQ1N1UtOGptX2lLNE5mNUhhSHJsSVhicUNEbG1FT0lkZUE3dkY5Sy1wbEt2dDZHaG1PN0xDY3JVblg4aU0waXJxaWhK |
I remember in 2012ish I watched a documentary about the British army/RAF in Afghanistan.
The interviewer asked an apache pilot what he though goes through the mind of the talibans when they see an apache coming...
His answer was (brilliantly) "Hopefully a 30mm bullet)"
Does anyone remember this? Anyone know the name of the documentary? Searched Google to no avail... | r/wardocumentaries | post | r/WarDocumentaries | 2021-02-16 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6THZCYmJ5Q1Z1WlB5VjhGb28yeThjZWtwWWQwaFBPQzBOVWMyR2FxVnFZWHhrdTd3ejBCOE50MXRJTkc5WnNaMTV2N1Rpc016RTV2Q1UzVEpkYzFST3c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ETGV0cno3ZGdrdGVQMk1UX2ZQc0ttUHhnLTE1NVVnSGRmYzFHMTljUW1rV0h0czN1aG9ieGpXRXNTTWI1QkJPLWhyby1wUE5XWU9Xb3AtbFNJYWtpR2dOVTdobkJqX2dfWDlINVZ0NjNaS3Jyd3NpU2VyT1RiQ1kxeXppaHNxblExWUNXWHR4NUZqZGpaVEZPWTNsN2JsY2wxcEttejBUc0JXR2JmQUlZcjdFQi11czVROW14cndXUFN0N19TdjB3 |
In answering your question I've answered my own.
We are both looking for the documentary series "Fighting on the front line"
3 part series.
"Choppers" (Episode I'm looking for)
"War Wagons" (Episode you're looking for)
And "Squaddies" | r/wardocumentaries | comment | r/WarDocumentaries | 2021-02-16 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6YTRyX2JOUzNFbmdwVUdBTzU2YlByT3lndnN3cjBKUENhWkJleXVOeVJEOTk2ZDdvZ1NaS0pXWVZGVDN4ZjZlS3JoYTJnRlVUTExlY0FIVzVDOTY2VlE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EMFcwTVp0NlFxNERmb003bktoZm9ieXRNQTlGRkZIYzZsb0hjUkxzMG1FTjRWSXBaWWRabGxWdTJBblRRSGtXRnViX2FINV82NUhFd1RRWkMxQkh6ZDFmZUN3VTY3UEV1bndsdFBlTUFsT05nc09lWEh2ZWRfUkJGLTRKZnZhT1dBMFprNGpDbjBoRjh5VlZxQkF0RlBGdmpUc1dkalIxcjdkRW9ZRmZZcEl4LXgxYUFpdi1QczVRdk1lTzI3RzVUM0gtVzJvRGJjSHlDWEtaQ3JoUFNPR25oTktjeFNhdkt6QmlkMzd6cWd1Yz0= |
Hi Shivam,
You can get global Trade Statistics on [www.MisterExport.com](https://www.MisterExport.com)
Hope it will help you. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-02-17 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6UXBsbEtfTUZyd3dBb1hzOVplTnRtQ0VJT0ZGWTE1dWF3eVRFYWhRbWNRRDIwakU1WDFBSWU5ejVmMXg1a0ltOGNZZHczM0dFVTNRWXRLaUtNTGdQb3c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EOXdGQ2RLc3NidjRxRE5Qd1VCODlZXzRJVDctRHBkSTMxLW9yRUh6WGxXTmF5bjlyLVR5MEJBM1dpQkhhQmJ3SlNYQzlmcWR2MUlwQnhyM2gtdTZFeDgwS1lYMXVTY2NGUjZoTUJINXVTM1BSQzVxVE83RkYxYndCS2poWDkzMGtnOVZRWGtFZms3cEJ4alQ2eU90SFk0V2Jxb25SUEZJTWFyMEp1UEVqR21kaDd2ZnBpd2hCOFRPaXhiSlRobERm |
Nice! | r/wardocumentaries | comment | r/WarDocumentaries | 2021-02-17 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6d0R3WDJpQWtFdGJCSDlXVUhIMmxWcF9FRHBUNTdkNHJTUVZFY2JJa1RGdWhKMlpJT0FOYkxQdVVhWGgxRXZRZllXQTBCMW5PQl8tS3QzeDV1dW1fUEE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Ea3d2OTFjWTlWR0FocWNDVVdhel9ya2o4ckRhZHhNWEpDdkhDdzVjQnRZVzI1M1h3NEVKMGVia0VKSjh0MjVkWG40STdUVmJldmw3eENQOE42enB2WkFWcWlGQWY4bGZTVkVkZ3l5T2QtNUdTdGx1R3JTNEVhMmpINTZpNDlpRkQtSVA1LV9jU0d0ei1QazkzdHdYelI1R3B5ekp0YjJxc25iQk1vZEtVWkVWR2ZzbHFBSE1IcnczenE4eFRtUFhLQzdZRnV1RUkyLWJTc09mdHJLTnBIbVdsWEdhLWpoNHBBU0I3ci1QMkJsZz0= |
Can't find the episodes anywhere online though :( | r/wardocumentaries | comment | r/WarDocumentaries | 2021-02-17 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6dWdhY3ZwNTQ3RTBES3ExWk8zcEMteU5KMFBKNVdvOEhFeTBpOHZVOG1QcFBPLVhtb1hzeHc0cG9ia2oxUm11N09sT2wyS0lDeVNCNGV5dXdWZGg3aVE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Ecm9aX0ZqejRfbUJVLXJ4SmlOZWM1ZFJIZFJzaVhaLWMyLUd0N1RNUXlJQjVBV1ZvUFZPeE9FRUNreGN5c002RUV4VWZpM2FRVzJ6NlJ3OW8yVVI0TjIxdDMxWloydUdsRGh3T1ZtbFV4b1h0TllYSERXajJjU2x1LVBBQ0RoTmhoaDlQckRvenN1ZTNPc2pPTG10LVJrU0ZrVktQTHhVdDdHY1pGR2E0Q0xKQ0pBSENCQ3JlcGhKaVAtQ0xmS1R3Mk9TUkhfS3dsTENUSDVweFcyQ3cxSThnX1BHcDA0cFRDSERKdDhNb3FScz0= |
Hi,
I’m looking to gain access to the following paper for my undergraduate economics thesis,
J. K. Ashton, B. Gerrard & R. Hudson (2003) Economic impact of national sporting success: evidence from the London stock exchange, Applied Economics Letters, 10:12, 783-785, DOI: [10.1080/1350485032000126712](https://doi.org/10.1080/1350485032000126712)
Unfortunately, the only place I have found that I can gain access to it is on a website called “Taylor and Francis Online”, which requires me to pay €40 to view it. I don’t mind paying to gain access to the paper, but I would rather pay the guys who have written the paper directly.
Does anyone know if there are any other websites where I can gain access or if that fee goes to the people who wrote the paper?
Thanks in advance. | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2021-02-17 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6MWlnMTNnQ0swYjdjcnRXR1JyUDZ5WmZsanhZTDNZS2RoSkVnRnlHQWdONmZYWGpnYkd1WW9VQ3pGZUNEVlF5bE9kZEhjME0ydWo0UzJWUUtuSF9WVnc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Ec2kxYjMybHhtZ3NtakJpSW1wN01sdTNtZzNJQXp5dnhrY0hUbUIzN0NGUjYybTRnUHhkU0ttU1gwV3o5cFJCYVJyQ3RvcmtCbWlRdmZxd2FNelpCWkNheDJGVXdoUEhDSHNJT252TnhJdWtpRDhSaW10MEpJOWZOVnBxUFE4R3M1WWFZTHBxTGdZZmVESTM1MUNwYU9IV01YV0VDZ2Y0MjFaZlIwdnF6Nmx3PQ== |
Hi all,
I am writing a law and economics paper and looking for an academic term to describe the U.S. obsession/clingyness to individual rights.
Any ideas? | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2021-02-18 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6VzJmTk41TnhYVWhZYmFhRGRDUUdMYldRQ1NTMXR3emNyMkczelJyR2hkM2NxTzJwS0dwZnFaQk84Z2VVYnI0aDN2SW40aWhJeVh1SFlWb2s0aXVjN1NLcW1SYU9VNmRIVElja09EUUp1ZTg9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Eck5XamFGNXRqenJOWWZYZWJRMVllUlVuMUZiOHd2and1M1ktQTNaemNUelFZOVFtSW9NUmNUZjlkSFREcXkyeU9mcEJWVlpjaFY1dmcyZ3ExelNOQXpxY1Q2bXh3S0UzZ3Q5TmJEZ3VEME1taEtRbTRHT0ljWTRCRXQzUEpMNmc0a1Z3R1BpbVZuMXBwTWhtRUpiQTNVSDJCTDhBeEV0T3ROeU5EX292RlJvVVpHaU5jVEVkOTFPM0J4NVc5V2kyVlVISENPcTJhUGRMWTNYMlFIdlBldz09 |
Hello! Pated below is a speech I wrote for a class describing the controversy over government spending. I thought I would share.
Every year around Christmas time, as a nod to the hit sit come *Seinfeld*, Kentucky senator Rand Paul releases his “airing of grievances”, in which he laments the various government spending expedentures he views as unnecessary and wasteful. According to this “festivus report”, the federal government spent .... $1,471,617.00 in the year of 2020 to get eastern mediterranean youth to stop smoking hookah, $1,557,083.00 to walk lizards on a treadmill, and $4,575,431.00 to spray alcoholic rats with bobcat urine. According to the congressional budget office, the total deficit in the year 2020 was 3.3 trillion dollars, about 17 percent of our total GDP. Link Statement - State who the two competing perspectives are and their general stance on this controversy.
In order to shrink the size of the deficit, budget hawks like Rand Paul want to rein in on government spending. However, the other side, who can be referred to as the keynsians due to the fact that they have similar opinions to the 20th century british economicst john meynard keynes, believe that drastically cutting funding for government programs and services would be unwise and unhelpful to Americans who beneift from these programs. In short, the budget hawks advocate for a reduction in government spending, and the keynsians advocate for large government expedentures.
At the heart of this controversy lies two inherent questions: Is government spending a good way to promote economic growth, and how serious of a problem is the national debt? To the first question, keynsians so no and budget hawks say yes. When it comes to debt, budget hawks see reducing it as a top priority, while keynsians believe it is worth the benefits of large governmetn expedentures.
​
We are seeing the debate over whether or not lots of government spending is conductive to sustainable economic growth play out right now in Washington DC. A few weeks ago, 10 republican senators, inlcuding our very own Todd Young, met with President Biden to plead with him to become willing to shrink the size of his proposed Covid relief plan to 6.18 billion dollars, a third of his current proposal. However, Biden refused to compromise, and his press secretary said that they are willing to cram through the 1.9 trillion dollar with just democratic votes relief bill if necessary. In this particular circumstance, the republicans were the budget hawks, and the democrats and biden admin are the keynsians.
The keynsians, lead by President Biden and congressional democratic leadership, are arguing that the economy is in dire need of being stimulated in order to rise out of the slump it has been thrown into because of the Covid-19 pandemic. This is much in line with the views of John Meynard Keynes, who argued that vigorous government spending was the best way to get out of a recession quickly. Essentially, he argued, governments could inject money into the economy through any kind of spending, and that this would boost the aggregate demand and real GDP of the system. The reason this happens, he argued, is because of something called “the money mulipliter affect This is one of the main reasons why democcrats want to pass biden’s proposed stimulus bill. They would likely point to a study done by the brookings instituute, which projects that the stimulus package would increase America’s real GDP by 4 percent by the end of 2021 relative to projections of real GDP if the package were not to be signed into law, helping it to rise above pre pandemic projections. Furthermore, the keynsians would argue they don’t even need to rely on future projections to support their views, and that they have historical examples on their side as well . For instance, in 2008 and 2009, there was a great economic recession similar to the one we are in now. In order to alleviate its effects and kick start the economy, President Obama signed the 787 billion dollar American Recovery and Reinvestment Act into law. According to a study conducted by Daniel J Wilson of the federal reserve bank of San Fransisco, the regions of the nation that received more of these federal dollars, holding all other factors constant, saw a greater increase in employment through the frist quarter of 2011 than the regions that received less federal spending.
However, budget hawks would argue that the standard keynsian model of how government spending affects the economy is oversimplified and underestimates the importance of certain factors. From their pesrpective, increased government spending has a detrmiental impact on economic growth in the long-run. For instance, it has been put forward by budget hawks that government spending crowds out private activity. A study by valery ramey of the university of california san diego showed that, in the long run, deficit spending leads to increases in taxes. In fact, she calculated a spending to tax multiplier of -0.5 to -5.0, suggesting that deficit spending does lead to higher taxes in the long run, which budget hawks argue would cancel out any growth that occurred initially due to keynsian policies. Seeing as there are few things Americans hate more than taxes, this is probably the strongest argument the budget hawks have. On top of this, the budget hawks would also argue that increases in government spending affects the private labor market in a way that slows down private investment, hindering economic growth. According to the NBER, because government spending often goes to public works that require government employees, increased government spending can lead to an increase in wages for public employees or increased hiring of them. This can tighten up or push up wages in the private sector, which leads to less private growth. In short, most of the argumetns against high levels of deficit financed government spending have to do with long run crowding out of the private sector. The NBER sums this up well with a statistic that, across multiple OECD countries, a reduction of 1 percent in the government spending to real GDP ration leads to an increase in the private investment to real GDP ratio by 0.8 percent in 5 years.
As is probably evident by the statistics cited, most of the arguments used against deficit spending have to do with the Long-run consequences of this practice. One of the reasons the budget hawks believe deficit spending to have negative long-term consequences is because of the way it contributes to the national debt, which is at over 27 trillion dollars, according to the department of commerce. While neither the keynsians nor the budget hawks would deny the presence of this massive amount of debt, they may disagree about the extent to which this is an issue.
Budget hawks believe that our national debt is an existential threat to our economic health and national security. They are very concerned about the fact that the national debt is currently equal to approximately 130 percent of our real GDP, according to the federal reserve bank of St. Louis. While keynsians would point to the fact that interest rates are relatively low as of now, budget hawks argue that inflation which comes about as a result of continued deficit spending inevitably lead to raises in the interest rates that must be paid on that debt. They would likely point to historical evidence to support this argument. According to the American institute of Economic Research, a great round of inflation occurred in the US in the 1970s and early 1980s, and this lead the interest rate on 30 year US treasuries to rise up to above 10 percent. While the keynsians would respond to this by saying this had no long-term negative consequences, the Budget hawks would say that this time is different due to how much sheer debt we have. The AIER predicts that, if we stay on this same track, interest rates alone being paid on US debt will be equal to 7.5 percent of real GDP. In short, deficits will eventually become much more expensive over time. Because of this, the budget hawks argue, the US government will eventually no longer be able to afford to pay for crucial government expedintures. According to a statement by the board of trustees of social security and medicare, the federal hospital insurance fund has been on track to be depleted by the year of 2026, and that the federal disability insurance trust fund would be depleted by 2034.
The keynsians, on the other hand, do not see the national debt as an existential threat. While some of them, depending on how extreme their opinions are, may ackknowldge that it is an issue to a certain extent, they don’t see it as an economic catastrophe waiting to happen, and believe it is worth the benefits of higher levels of government spending. For instance, as established before, the budget hawks use the infaltion of the 1970s as evidence that large debt increases inevitably lead to horrible inflation and interest rate increases. However, according to cultural economist steve randy waldman, the debt increases were not what caused the inflation in the 70s. Rather, he makes the case that the chief cause was the rapid rise in employment paired with a lack of productivity due to inefficient capital. They would also point to the fact that, despite unprecedented increases in deficits since the recession, the inflation rate has remained relatively stable throughout the last 13 years. Budget hawks worry that debt will eventually become too expensive, but, according to a study conducted by Lawrence Summers of Harvard University and Bradford Delong of the University of California Berkely, deficit spending can often pay for itself. Because, keynsians argue, government spending increases wealth of individuals and businesses, it can increase tax revenues in the long run. Therefore, the keynsians would argue that we need not fear that debt will become too expensive.
Because the keynsians believe government spending helps the economy and do not view the national debt as a terrible threat, they generally want to increase government spending. On the other hand, budget hawks belive that governmetn spending slows economic growth, and that debt is a huge threat, so they want to cut spending.
Generally speaking, because keynsians are more likely to be liberal, and because budget hawks are interested in reducing deficits, they could likely both get behind raising taxes for the wealthiest people and closing corporate tax loopholes so big corporations like Amazon finally pay their fair share.
If you were elected to office, which fiscal policies would you support? Would you side with the keynsians or the budget hawks? If you side with the latter, they will be overjoyed to have you. The keynsians are currently winning, as spending is projected to ramp up greatly with a democrat controlled government.
With that being said, rand paul probably will have many more grievances to air once the Christmas season arrives this year. | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2021-02-22 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6VWJ6NHN2anNkTFM4VUtVdGJXR1NrR3ZpQXZlVlNWNzI2TDczcW92blkxVHUyUzMxbDU3VjJrUVlJN295OWNoOGJycUJHRGczRnVZdlNtcGFRM0VDMHc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ENThNaXJxdkxyZXVRVWl5M3VSdkZyZ2g5LWlONHpQM1NIN25YUktWLTQyMGhIS0lUVm14ZklNZ0dDVWxacHdpSW92Uk5yc0VDNV9VVUU5UDZLMVVyb3JUb2RZMk54cVkwbmxZMFF1ZnZHZEVZSlptUTllM0Nla0NPRjZOdjRNSzZUUXBrb0FERjlmSjUwY1c1d3dIQ0w3X2IyQU5GQllPLXpYRVVXNWJ3THI4PQ== |
Hey, I've created a tutorial on how to remove outliers from a data set in the R programming language: [https://statisticsglobe.com/remove-outliers-from-data-set-in-r](https://statisticsglobe.com/remove-outliers-from-data-set-in-r) | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2021-02-24 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6NklYVUI5QlpvVEJ2NmV1bUNkYjBBVTZMdGVkeFlXel9sRjJ6MnVkWEFtLUN3RkxubmtTTzBXaklrMnEwZ1laQXFHOHBZeTJmeUtzMXJNZ3NyWnhETXc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ERkU2elZnc2pEVEthanRfX09USWxxNWtReGdfcHlVRHVBQldyN0ZJVWxyUUs1eEp3aE41SUctaFdXS1YxaXJqRU4tazNyVEJaRnBJTXZLb1kxQjRSeVRWcUdkR1dhS3d3dUp5aWp6VEFMTjFCZ1ExVDRGdThaVlVKT0dSMWNiTTNiY3Y2QmtJelBLUW80TFlvSnJVaXU3YVVHNmMxTUxQcVlLYjhCRnVCVDVPSXFHY3hQWmtfQ3R4TzhJSTJwMFNSZVV5Mm1Ndm1xanhuUUJQaWpGVzE0UT09 |
Send me some specs | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-03-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6RkVoLTc4ZHpmNkdDZWVKbWNIYWI1Rk03RDdzZEpSUVl4VDlPSGJhOTh5UFhRMUh3clFxQnNYR1RJVjkwTFJrS3o3NVpXSi1saXV0blY0VkZNYVFPd0E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EcWxTRzBMMXZWMkN3aVo2TUVIUUVoYWk1VkdwMzlQNFkwQ0RJd01vVFRyNEZvMHF2RnlqaDNIdjdwNW8wa3UzNUp2UGV3V0U0R2FOeGVvdTNqNlVuWEU4dDJicjROV0o4ZWIwX08wdmt5NW4xTGJUSjh0aTczUmhkejNOX0RURXNPMmJsc1V3aklSNmFLUVVSSGxTYlJKV2xxV2F6OUlfRFlVbk05enB5QXBlVmVzWlVGUmp0N29fRmZ3QVBwcmJB |
1) It may help to purchase a subscription from a service like Panjiva, but it will be expensive. You should call before purchasing to make sure they have the info.
2) in my experience 99% of the international trade contracts I see use Incoterms incorrectly, and I have to educated the merchants on proper use. For example, they use FOB with containerized cargos and air cargos when they should us FCA. I don’t think I’ve ever met a merchant who actually owned a copy of the Incoterms book (even some very big companies). So instead of breaking down the Incoterms individually, you might want to focus on terms where Buyer pays for transport vs Seller pays for transport. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-03-07 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6TXhuaVd0cW5VTVkwSjdzVnJWbzJQZTF0dFZOTDRWSU1STnBMdEpxOFhmOVg4QkFnWkZ5eE5NX3VSUHR2b3NvNk14NHV5V1ZrQWFUek55elI2a2k5WEE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ESEFlM0V1VFVZaW5BeV9yWWludU1DdUR2eWhaRVN5dkdMT1l6OG1aQjUyRExIV2o4YXE3M2QtMGJjX3VYVm5ZcmxqUkJEMlFyajd5dGdqUDJVSHV5cDl1VnFhZVRTZ1ZCWkdBQkk4S1lqTWRPbi1YNFNjWnNfZGpQUC0wMGxLb1dFd3FaNFY5UXNreE1FV3NkVlRvS3E1eEtPLWhGZVQxS3ZQR2g1a2FHNjlSS2dkZ3h4VnZwdVdDSUJ3a0lnUG0xbXpPNGxkRFlGcjBMSjk0MHlTeG9qZz09 |
Sorry to be responding very late to this; hopefully it will be useful for posterity. The banking relationship in an L/C is between the buyer and the issuing bank. The buyer promises to pay the fees to the bank. Incoterms do not address L/C fees. As a result, the buyer is always responsible for the L/C fees unless the Seller agrees to reimburse those fees in the contract of sale. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-03-07 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6S3JkYVNubWpPYl9OMmh5a2xnc2V5LW1sdVc0Wk1TbGNDY2w2S29FUUtnOFl1aVkzdGRvbjZneUFUU1J1ZkltWVNqRXRhNjR4WmljaHQxeXhqUHFVQkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EY2phMjdLdHRvREF2TFRnSWhXaGFSZ3pqaTJZNTQ3M0hRa05wUHRybE5Fd0xhTGY1cGlCeWowaG44VkdIM08tNmJyektsQnBnQ3hmNkFFWmVKMFQ3dzBiQVl0M2NvX1lqTFZDVGV4U3M4UlNJcEI1clVra0Y0RTBhNGc0N1UzeGJndl9GcUtGTF9mZTMtX0tsN181SXhmUTNhWmVKNUo3cXNjMlZ0UERNT3NmTkhlYVJpaG5GbEc5T2ZTU294QURCM0hpVkFyYkpGY3dLY1NVWWRuT0hGRVhUTTZ5eHdKWGNKR0xEcmp5REU1ST0= |
Sorry to be responding very late to this; hopefully it will be useful for posterity. The banking relationship in an L/C is between the buyer and the issuing bank. The buyer promises to pay the fees to the bank. Incoterms do not address L/C fees. As a result, the buyer is always responsible for the L/C fees unless the Seller agrees to reimburse those fees in the contract of sale. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-03-07 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6MzZ4dDI2U09oanRGaDFBajIwVnR5R09xUTZJdVkzQzdpa2dnTnN3RklpQkcza3ZMNkVUTHNnb0llSkREMFBxUGZYOGd6dDM0Rmh2eWJZWHh6VGlia2c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EOWlvcHZUZUkyc2pCR05wNmRFVjFZUVJJVkhzbFZqQVZmeVh3VE5IaHlIbzRxX0d1Q1dNMGNjWWxuTDdnenNoMXJrbFdoYzFtN1FsVXNhVkpldDdsbm5hbmpyOEQtaDEzczUtZmNaTDY4QmZKS212d21tdnlvY29SMFlFbHZQRmp1NDZEeDBZNlRyNXdZdWgxQ1ZNemFxR3d4b2J4djV6dTN6Wng1dEZmdzhhYXAzOVJxUjdvcTIxMDNSVnQ5RXY0S29IeUl2U1IzUWVUNmlzaHc1MXJvTlk5eGxxVWdHV0EwbE10OF90dUJ6OD0= |
Sorry to be responding very late to this; hopefully it will be useful for posterity. The banking relationship in an L/C is between the buyer and the issuing bank. The buyer promises to pay the fees to the bank. Incoterms do not address L/C fees. As a result, the buyer is always responsible for the L/C fees unless the Seller agrees to reimburse those fees in the contract of sale. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-03-07 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6cDlUU0s5UTV3MnJMVHdJNmVZWkNYQnlsbERHbGVyUTl5YzVmZ2M0OHRCSnVnb0tOTTZ5SzdBcTd6eEN3cS1WZV9nSF80Uk1WZlhuLVNvV3d0dlRReUE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EajBVYk1ranlMX2M0ZEJPdzNXekx2cWRDRHc2OFF2T1NjbVVKSjlfYmE0OFlWeW16Nk5tek9ZU2lDM0E2SUg5amhBVHlKMEM0TEZEOFhGVk41aHVhQ203eGRERk9xODJrVGxaeS1ZYVUyZVpCd3FrTkQyUXgtUzFVQjlqcm9ZakFtNlZ1SzhSclVaaGhwX2ZjZW5wUXVFem5mcmhrNjBZX192bE45eGdCc0dXRzRtR09VWFZvM2wzZGRMWUdzeEhaUUtuTnZ2eXpORldCeFhnaDk1U2dOalNualJjMmVzUlBCZ1VseTQxM3pBbz0= |
*Update:* [At least 20 killed by suicide car bomb near restaurant in Somalia capital](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-somalia-violence/at-least-20-killed-by-suicide-car-bomb-near-restaurant-in-somalia-capital-idUSKCN2AX28U) | r/somaliconflict | comment | r/SomaliConflict | 2021-03-07 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6OE00NnBvaWxzT2owVk56azdFSk5EaV9OVmlvZjFhcVNVZDBBX0lvSEJFUUQ3WkQtc3EwdGNvSG5xaVRId3RoZnBmcEo3RVRqNDB4eWdUeU9TUmRwWkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EWGFDSkxsLWUwbll1TkZRdVRYNEdWcXdfZzUxSWppTG5lUy0tUkFWTDBac3E0OUMzR3kzcVljZW1qZ3hmQk5UWjRHeUZ3QXNIVWE5YXc0OHZtZENsTGNqOEw3N09YZHFjWFc2M1paMkoyWGRuejVsaTFqNGhQQ0RMMTc2Z2RvRXZzTjZYeFB1S3JDTnl5bDZTZlA0NkMySkJxcTVYYVFYYjRjNzRINWgzeHlWZWwtVHUzNWM3X1hfLW92VGJCY1NxNnI1eUp1YjBkSkFYMlM0TTJiOUJGbnVNQm84VGxTV1VpanI3YjVHcEtBZz0= |
Even wondered which country exports what product? Here's a great chart explaining it all.
https://preview.redd.it/abf6jvji1km61.jpg?width=1600&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=d5d374240ac3e2287624a6afbb25777ba3bf514f | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-03-12 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6NDJ0QUI5NmJxanVDU21rUmV5Z0pSNTdvMk5LbmRoQVpGMkJCMVZqS01aN0RWME1hRVBvUzd6aUJKdTlzZ3RjOEpacmVMeHB0djJYWXNwVGlCdzBfTnc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ENDB1WUtvNmhjbmhRU0swOXJDYkYxQmFQQUt2b2VJMG5lZFFnQlJJdVBUZHNqM2UtcjVQS3ZISjkwY3EzZDM1WlQzay0yMjFCbzBVNFlIRVhrSkhfaThIVWpPaGlENlFIdXUxWW45RmNYcC1WXy0yWndiWDBYRDJZbGFjM3lqbmZGWVRZTV9tZWd0djlUOW5md3NmZzhYai1FN2hfVDBBc0pCVm8zUmNMRFFGS2tUZ195T0paa201YmdZS3NuVGc2 |
Anhui Province Tianle Plastic Co. Ltd. China
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Welcome to our [Alibaba.com](https://Alibaba.com) trade show, please feel free to click below link to watch live show directly, thanks.
Join live for 10% OFF! FREE GIFT! 500$ Coupons! More than 20 years production in packaging products.
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Live time: Mar.16.2021 16:00-18:00 (Beijing time)
[https://watch.alibaba.com/v/48fccb8e-7697-4154-978c-82696b29770c?referrer=SellerCopy](https://watch.alibaba.com/v/48fccb8e-7697-4154-978c-82696b29770c?referrer=SellerCopy) | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-03-15 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6TTNiUU1QdFVDa1o4QVpvbUxza0FvTFlWc0RRWXRPX2RSdHE0Z1ZNa082ZVpZbG1kZjZxUjNMWjVTYmdHcjhpaGwxU3I3dWRvRUFWLUd5Qm9semNPdHc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Ecmh0Nkt4dWF0MGVKRmNXZFhVbWlnR2t6bTJ3YXhYUnlteVFFT2lEdldEQ0xGVGhoelJRLVJxa0NHZmo1TWw3WXRmeUduU1lvVTJUaHliSlA1QW43UUNtaFlwcUNKUmJ3c0FMbkZEX0FyaHR6Qy00SXVVSGI5T1JYbGE0c1Z2VzNiTkxrQ25XX0JHNXBjczdnQTYwM3RXWlNXWkpRNWdQLU5Gdmh0dkl3Z3JVPQ== |
join us and get discount offers | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-03-15 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6aEtQWXZQWEl5TWNtRmcxLUNnNmN2TzlxNFZUeVZHMDl5aWJWcXdXSy1fRWc3MHBTSDRzUjJXOWhDeFFmZl9oblpiejhleDJYcWZkbFEzZmFVYVBuOHc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Ea2VRTm9QN0Q0NUFkOFJzVVJYN3lkVFFEcmhCaVdfMnR1Z01DVUlDZFBIblhfTGQ1bFRtczlaN2haQTVDQ3ktaHF2TU1kcTdDMDJzRGxhTEdLT2NZdE1xWHZCTTZlV1VuYUN1c2JWRy15b01NTkl2a2xlcV9oVUhGTlVsSzhjaVJ5VFhhcFg3UEVUU3ZYVnV6c202ZEhtLWxyUXllLUtMNjZPZjg4Ymg2YzhnPQ== |
Sick and tired of the Democrats and their open border policies. Illegals have no right working or living within our borders, yet these parasites are welcomed with open arms by the Democrats, and have been given jobs and resources meant for citizens. | r/illegalimmigration | post | r/IllegalImmigration | 2021-03-18 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6M0d0VEpBNGxDUGdPeEM5dTBSTURzLUtSRE5sM0Mzc1dXdk5PWF9YWVFFc2lwUUd5X3VEcVRvN0NFVnhJNnJIZ1Q0YWJpS2s0M0t1RVM4TGVtOE1fbUE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EazN4elF2MGpsMUMxQTg2LVliT18yeWhWVlIwVGROWmRIY2pnc1RvanVXMGdZZktoa3lqZjJYMDZ1ODdwWTFjSG9OZlhoMG1CX0J0MGJjeXJJcndVeFpLUzZxR3l1RktacUt3d1ItS1FTNjhkeUpXVkRvUUI4SW1hb1YzRWV0eThqNHdEUW5ZSWs0NGhOczBQVHZIYmFqSDFBVFhtNUZVODdyMDlJYjUzeF9UOEJqS3lHSFFBdE0xOUtzX0kwX09p |
[https://www.npr.org/2021/03/11/975916980/number-of-unaccompanied-minors-entering-u-s-soared-in-february](https://www.npr.org/2021/03/11/975916980/number-of-unaccompanied-minors-entering-u-s-soared-in-february) | r/illegalimmigration | post | r/IllegalImmigration | 2021-03-18 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6R2NIMXdrN21BMXRkMGdNaV9mM1RWdG1BeVZHb1k0b0RfYUctU3dVeEt0WHJoN0xhaTJSTTBRa2tINk8yU0tlZ3BvTzh1THlTZDF2S2p2UHhzQmxFQkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ENWc4RzhVX1l4UHR4a1FDaFVoZkdkVkxXbHhiZVBBQlJxN1FVTVpWOHlhN1VaazBMOUpzeHl4VkhHbnFYTUNmRERuYXBlNGZ6elRpcURnQkdldGNfSGxrdDdBTWw2SXZ4TnE2MzM1aW9ESzdvcEJGZFNFNEFnOGluSEw3ajJWUXhKQl9SUml2Q2JEanZ5bHhQWmZOQV9TMXNZb2wtYndjSXJhSExhS1E1UDF0VVhNaGZZcGE5cGpSWUM1Q0FGZ1Nxc3l5U3N4dm9qeUNtakxiUkVzaVVyUT09 |
Could someone recommend some papers which are good examples of use of bounded rationality? I'd be particularly interested in papers which use an agent based model and/or show how use of bounded rationality improves model fit with real world data.
Thank you! :) | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2021-03-26 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6QkJFZmE1c1daZ2llQnBEeE5RNmhKSmF0bUJrN1Qwb0JUcjZiNUFiQl8wMTJqSTYwa0ZrZXExTmEyMUtKRklpbGg4dWdLMmxZekp1Vk5HZ0hKMFZtUkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ERUpzOUZ0UENvQk9ITlhNMGxCWmVRcnZ0ZXFxUEgxVDB6OEZNN2VIYjdZb21fNjRmZlRMT2xsczdVa19Hd29lLXZqM0tTaWZQMlBFYkpqay03N29CM1VrM0lLMjdxUG81VExPeHVQMC02OF9VTEJ2bkpsc2NnTUd3azY1OXZqN3lKWjB3d3VlY1JrRWpZU2M0M0UzeVZTbjlVbm1oeUNHT3NJSU9EZlpoenRmX1dkTEVBSlMwZm5Ib0ZRbWlZY0RB |
I wanted to share some information on a little known tariff mitigation strategy that is useful for Customs Brokers, duty drawback.
Originally enacted in 1789 as part of the Original Tariff Act, the drawback law (CFR 190) allows for the refund of duties, taxes, and fees on imported merchandise that is subsequently exported.
For example: A company imports sunglasses from its factories in China into its U.S. North America distribution facility and pays a 2.1% duty on the imported value. 70% of the frames are sold at its domestic retail stores, while 30% of the sunglass frames are exported to stores in Canada and the Caribbean. The company is eligible for a refund of the 2.1% it paid in duty when the imported frames are exported to Canada and the Caribbean.
*Sounds pretty straight forward right? Well, it gets a little more involved.*
There are different "types" or provisions of duty drawback. These provisions are used depending on the product or material being imported as well as the circumstance of the export. Here are the most common types of duty drawback provisions used below.
* **Unused Merchandise**: Imported material or products exported in essentially the same condition.
* **Manufacturing**: Raw materials and component parts used to make a new and different article of commerce.
* **Petrochemical**: Chemicals derived from petroleum that fall within the same 8-digit HTS.
* **Rejected Merchandise**: Imported materials or products that do not meet specifications at the time of importation or are shipped without the consent of the signee.
*Now that we know the circumstances of when to use what provision, let's look at the two methods of matching imports to exports.*
1. **Direct Identification**: Using lot number and serial number tracking to match an export with its exact import. It is important to note that if the export is going to a NAFTA country (Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico or Chile), then you MUST use this matching method.
2. **Substitution**: Instead of matching with direct tracing from export to import, this method allows you to match "similar" merchandise. This definition of "similar" has evolved over the years (most notably the TFTEA Act) and now allows merchandise, products or material that fall within the same 8-digit HTS number. However, if it is listed as "Other" at the 8-digit a 10-digit breakout must be used. If it is listed as "Other" at the 10-digit the Substitution method cannot be used and you must use the Direct Identification method.
In somewhat recent news the duty drawback became extremely attractive to companies importing from China, Section 301. Products and materials from China have been hit with a 25% additional duty. So those 2.1% duty sunglasses in our introduction example just became 27.1%.
*So what does all this mean to a Customs Broker? Great question!*
FTZs and bonded warehouses are other good tariff mitigations for your clients, but depending on the scenario they can be costly and disrupt the flow of inventory - especially when most practice just-in-time. Duty drawback can be implemented for your clients to provide huge benefits for their bottom-line with no disruption to their business.
Did you know that a company can reach back retroactively and claim duty refunds on imports 5 years ago from the time you are reading this? This allows "start-up" programs the ability to net huge savings for the company and once the drawback program is established claim filings can be arranged on a monthly, quarterly or even annual basis depending on trade activity volume.
It's also worth to mention that our website has a wealth of information on duty drawback (shameless plug) and that we are industry experts with over 30 years of experience in the industry.
**Alliance Drawback Services**
[www.alliancechb.com](https://www.alliancechb.com/)
For those of you that want to visualize duty drawback, we made a video on "[What Is Duty Drawback?](https://youtu.be/cO1xLET4nh4)" that takes this complex, convoluted matter and turn it into a fun animated short.
Well that concludes today's lesson on duty drawback. I hope everyone found the information useful and we are happy to answer any questions. Thank you for your time! | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-03-30 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6RVdWVDFVWHZhUVJlTUlsVW1scnNnRFZuMXRmc1VObFREcXlTeDNtaE50UHRZMF84aXlTQW1xNFFJNDhrc2k0R3RZN3h5aUl0WmJkdjRzX2ZSeXAzc0E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EZlQ5WFRsRlhicmFKei1NWU4wVnpUeWQ2MHIwWXl1TnljUC1UQWxtYnhqd2NzR0JsY0tNSUptamFlOWtXM1FZR2toUS1xSzNjUDljd1dyS1pjd1NBTndlajVNMWl1blBDNy1hcnR1eG9TdHFrMW1sN3BCSmM3VTA3Y0NXTEtoMWNPaVRaSE5kUmRsaDJzdjRUal9fTjl0Q1BOUDFnWXBNRGo0SFlYakt3QkY1ZHN2QlExNU0zaGp1YVc3Yzctc1dh |
what kinds of thing is the most important? | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-03 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6YkwwZ2dIYWxoczBsbTZhM3BHNmhRSUlrb0JINUlNaXBOWnNoVXE1QWxDX0RNb1JSREtOV3NkVDRjcV9JV19RWUNySTgwTDNBRHBJcGVZS01xYXdwX1d0VzNLMDZ3Y0pXMWs1aG9mOWJmSUE9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EbnA2bjhwa1l6aDFqT1JSZUhGM1N5cE51djd1X2w4NGJxR3cxMXBfR2UxUktaQzdfWE5tbzBWVzdDZmg0X0pOUjI1WHpVLXZEYW82Tno0MEVUVGVEZVZtZTNPTTZ2WVY1YWZfNGpDWjlQNUc5T096U0JTeGtLMHYyUzVCQURaRDhJNmdWWlJEc1BMS0FZemhJSS1fa0VKeWNZZWE5dWFiZW51dGxkVHI2SDFpWW9NeGlncmNkaTRjY0FRU0o1ZU02V0xLbU1uTHRidUJycFdLY1hpd0JaUT09 |
What's your country of interest and industry? | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-03 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6WHRVSTlyNkV4bDd5Q2tIYTJHRXVUdjhpUVREdlNNZ05lZG43bm9fbHVwMEo2WFVsVmdoVWVGbUxRcEpMcS1DNnl5STZLZ01FVnEyRDZoZmhUb1hIbmc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EcmdyQWtod1VUVkpnbkJLSlBlaDB5NC0xcXlMeS1Mcmc5aGw0SEdXY2FRWVM3RDY2NW1LYkhnSmhDemhfdnVSMXJtR2dWQmtTRTd5TEJDdlV3TmFDeXVBLV9uTlROc2xlazRLWDhxN3E0bm52YXBWYjJ0Sjh6TW1ETG9vYWg4NUJuMGx4SDRYeGMtNGF0cGRlakppVFlXMnB6Q25xSzBDbjc4VmNuVy1ON2tJdHFDYVJJbWRJMWhCczVJbzlDbEEzV0luMjQyMXFaMXBZV0U3R0tncmQ2UT09 |
in my city it's all about oil, every goods and facilities serviced for drilling equipment | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-04 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6VndxbXA4TVZuaFpUTDNaRXR1SW1Sb0VYT1dDZENTbEdfM1NBeVRabks3OXJpYXRDRVR0dl9fS0hlT0hSS3MxLVcyQ3JoOHkyYnBVSTBTdXcyS3RpbG9zUEE0QWV6bm1wVkE0WUpsMXZIbGc9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EN3FZalJPa2VhYjRfeXhyWkRBY3F1bm5EeUdIZ2hvNjFldEZ5a243anJScFpiRTlqUEo4amZKeWpQVl9raFhxVXVPc2VMd2RHYVU2N2g1alhocGhwVGV0ODl5WDR1RmFfLXQ3N2JjNWVadUNvakpJMzlqckMxdUJNZ3dhd1lZZGpLNWVuZUVKUVVOWWRmaHhWRGp4SHhpWUxiRDU1Q0tJRXd4NURfN3JRbTVwcm5RU1dZZVFBcXJSU2IwNnRvWExOZmt3cDRpQldPYW1BZEhyWE1oMzZXdz09 |
Basic economic theory, how the WTO works (or doesn’t work), the relevant regulatory bodies in your home country, export controls, how to read the Harmonized Tariff Schedule. It’s a very general question you’re asking and it would be better answered if you can answer the question: “Why do you want to learn about internationaltrade?” | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-04 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6eXhwS0JVSlU2TG9iVm9ZLVg4Mk1xRXdDTVprQmQtaHBLc3ZvOUFwRFdNTmVmNjVQUnpYcm13MGNSeFZOZEZwQVZQamhxdDVqa3hPb2VZVGlFUzlNd2c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EZWs2UXZPUE9sUUFPZ3BLTkZ3akdVaXNCOUFXOFhONU5tNDFVRnZmamxQUzVsbjQwb0tEMWk1RHJ1ampDd0k0Z1haY2p3V2wzdWFHZVJxdlBmTTFtaV9aQzhTUHhrYUY4VlE3MldJUG9BRGI3VnRjUXpWaGwyektPbHJiWXR5b2dWNkMzNlRWWHRReUlNUjhXbzR5WWhtU1dDT3FXOWI5VVRCZFhlVXBDa2psU2s1ZDZGTkhsU19xcDNaU3JGQXFvVzN1eFphdlJuTlR1VG9kdkczazJGdz09 |
thanks so much for ur reply
i want to work in an international trade company in the future, and this company services for some digging oil companies, what kinds of knowledge should i learn? | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-04 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6N0hFb0F6M0ZZb2kxVlZ0R1Z5OUJRLThabmw0Zkg5Mld1M1N6am1NZUFNNXhYZlRXSm9iUVZsZUVGUXNDRGhzTHZqdEd6T2ZhNkFoWlYzY0lrdldDTDJnU3ZOMWtMbVdFWFNHNTNvZmJEVDg9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EYjJNMGVBNWt1cmdCOXhnb1F4Zjd4VUQ2SkgwMklaMC1Xc0E4bWVweVdRNDJ3R09KcWZublJVRUJmTlFkTkNmbWlKZkhfMjdvdFBwYjM3dV9mNG5XSlA0cW9NYmFtRzc3TWJUdmxFRmJmZmFVVThPM0VxcTdldUdUNzctV29yRDd0UlZKQnc1VXFaZllIRmVRS2ZCRkh5WHQ3MXg2OTNUM2RTUlRfbTdjTXZjWHNOcDdzUkhRTDdMcjRtSFR2RXpuczl2a0prSnYxNlY0UnVBYmxaSXlGdz09 |
There’s many specialities in trade, so you’ll have to figure out the type of jobs that are available to you, and what you would actually be interested in. Logistics, supply chain, trade compliance, regulatory (government job), purchasing/procurement, etc... look into those different fields as they’re each broad and require specialization. You want to know a bit about them all so when you’re working for a team you’ll be able to talk the talk and understand how each functions in relation to your own specialty. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-04 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6Mld0dVNTVU5NOUNNVjlWeGdlNlY0aG5GM3V6QnpDQm9EaUw2OXU3c0xfbHR4U0h1RFl5WmlwcFRLZjB1TGxpSmczdjlQakxsMnlyNkMyRzJuVmxsMWc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ETHJEUWdMNm8wTU9LT3lPZ251SWN6TVhVZGxVNTZOZGRUbUU4cHhmajJZUFYweUJRc25tWTdBRjVSbXFZeFZGcTlHU1lDYkt1cTVMcW9veTVQRkljMmNNSlpwbzBTZjN4NUhMSDZPbVJFMVM4bDZ4ZlhXWFBUaG9IUFFtU0RwdzI5SF9LYWtsLUM5TUQ5YVlCWjhWMG1lZGZlMTRRcE9wODhEZzB6ZkgxUUJFSGM4UkI5UFhuV1VleG5oM280b1NReENnSHI1Y2Y0QzNuM2Y3ZjRVckVVdz09 |
Do you have some recommended books, or some web or forum about this | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-04 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6OV9DdHZBX0JyZGVNcW91UDZjOTY1WWZCV002blREeUJwZHJwbDB4SzhtRURhQ2dHcWJ6OXRlMko2R0toQ1dOQXBFLUEtcHNIUzd4NHJ2aTZJQmFYVFFOX0k1OXJyZ3ZPN0pFMTJIWTZYeWs9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ERVVZY1dOdmJUakJ1VWc3YlZWdi1UY3Q3Q01OS1VSWmRuVXZHZkJkaWlObjBoWm5KRVB3UFZSRlNCSFY5N0NJMnc0b1YzWDBWVkhka2NLNk1hV2J6UUVDRkt4bElMRXJyT0lyc1F1WkZzcjMtbExHQkRBUFNXWmV1WHBxcC1HVnJSSkduSVZpQ3ZlRGMwYmxWR1UxNUk4eWJNY3F4T0x4bnlyaXN0Qjk4dDk0ZUJfYW5oRGlQLVlhTktFcE9BaVVtTUNMNEh3QS1fU01adDZ5cDR5TWoxUT09 |
Hmm Financial Times is a well regarded subscription news source. Check out Trade Talks, The Trade Guys, Planet Money (certain episodes) and other economics/trade podcasts. A lot of the field is going to be something where you’ll have to connect with people in your country to learn all the relevant things, and what’s important there. For example in the US, if you want to import things, becoming a licensed customs broker is a big step (but not necessary, necessarily) on the road to becoming a trade professional. We have to learn about Title 19, which governs a lot of the regulations from Customs and Border Patrol. You’ll want to study your own countries version of that, or at least learn how customs works. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-04 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6a25Hek1Mbk5PYnNaUjI3VU5kbU5oQnZXZVZtZFhseGtJNnp3YzU5QjVHMUNxZnFNUEZTbklfSjY0ai05bnFVZDdNVEJTaEN5b29UWmZEU0F2elVVWXc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ENkZwd05zWDR0TGdZWE5FZ1NUeUZ2RG5PZ012MDRpTWY3MmcySHQtR3VqQWI0MVJRR2RoeHRkWmNlVFdZbGJoaXZOM2xtcFpUaDVzZTNjc3V1eUlLaHBhUGdBaHctN2ItLUpEWnBYenkxbmk2QjVEaUlyaDhtbFVzRk9PNUR5N0lWTFRXZ2V1UTkwSFZYSnh0VHYzZl82SDk4M1VmdGRackM0cHhhOF9mNWdQLXdpa3NuOEVfU29OZkh1U295M1ZYbDloNGxtb1duRV9RdHhpbTBUTHI1QT09 |
thanks a lot | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-04 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6d2QzSTFyUW1HR1ZIaUVYLXg0Y2w1bXh4S2NnNXoyN2dXaWl1MGVES0pfbS1yMEEzZ2Zxa3BCaTk0LXZwQk1QLUlfb2I4UzFsTEQtOXdfSWZ5eDVMWmVCckR5NTN1OWdwV1hHM1p2d2Y3bjA9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Edzl4OFRzRk0xTVRyMzRyY0pRNVJ6NEd4clZianlqWXNlblpGdFdaa3ZmNVRBbWVoSG03Y3JjamZ4TXl5MTJsSWhiTVM5WFNQQ1Bwd2xjMV9uLXJJVDdPU05mYlVvTV9kMW8yUGNCRF9RUll1RGNYTmxWT1lFYXRhbXRUWnBHcC1waGU5RWQ3QUc2OW5VMHlSTFpsQ1hFeXc5Zko2d29OaGxJelVrZmdxN0ZORDk0NV94dEt1V0pXUDJUNS1OZE9TTWpaQ0I2WjFQdWpFNGNQaFFwREdCZz09 |
Anti-dumping duties are unsurprisingly being abused by WTO members to justify blatant tariffs against their trading partners. The most recent and public use of anti-dumping duties is the current China-Australia dispute, in which total (AD + countervailing) duties of up to 200% were imposed on red wine exports from Australia.
The controversy stems from the ambiguity of WTO anti-dumping laws. For those loosely familiar with WTO trade law, the contentious points are the terms "particular market situation" and "normally" as they appear in Article 2 of the anti-dumping agreement. The absurd breadth and *potential for further widening* of these terms have been recently reaffirmed in the WTO DSU during the *Australia - A4 Paper* case. In that case, the effect of Indonesian subsidies was indirectly used to value the dumping margin for the purposes of calculating AD duties.
The main problem is that it allows a WTO member to countervail the effects of a *subsidy* from within *an anti-dumping duty.* By also imposing a countervailing duty, they are allowed to effectively double count the effects of that subsidy and impose the same duty *twice* (de facto, not de jure). The second problem is that these terms give members too much space to determine: (1) if an AD duty may be imposed, and (2) the value of such duty. In effect, the ambiguities in AD duties allow members to effectively impose tariffs against each other (like the good old \[*pre-GATT*\] days).
Does this even matter though? In my opinion, the legitimisation of old-school tariffs in the *worlds largest and most comprehensive free-trade system* is pretty bad. However, my understanding of international trade is still rooted in textbooks. So, to any economists, trade professionals, other others who have any opinion on the matter whatsoever: are there any practical economic/political factors that render the issues around AD duties irrelevant or am I right to be concerned about the prevalence of AD duties. | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6NDVBZi1TdkQ3SzNrdkZwYVRrOGpvTWQyOVhseWRiaVo3VXhpU3YwMDlTSTl2aTU5TV9WcU9PUWo4Y0RrZ0JTYl9JbDBNdlJzLWJ6QUFqWnp2czdjeWc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EOHVCWkNkVTRGQm4ySmttb21CQll0dHpabWJsaXc1UFViN2xDMmNYNW9COGN0ZzhKQzJMblZwX2cydi10NFkyelZONnA3ZkY3NnZMU2JWckdIejJ2c0p6WG1SdW5rdmtWQk5hMktvVEtIcERkYThHOHE3WHhWM2xucjAtUWtqVjlXV2J3ZWd2aUxFWVVRVmtQdlpERHBZX09YS3o4N0kzT3VBRG1HTlZtT3ZieEVQMzhIWlNzMFBVX0o0MlNQRVNlMDJBdnJNcDI3akc4T2VtWEh2dVZEUT09 |
Overall I think the AD and subsidy agreements are solid as long as there is an effective dispute settlement mechanism, which is currently being hamstrung by the US for blocking the appellate body. You also need to understand that the VAST majority of AD and CVD proceedings are initiated by private industry and very seldom initiated by individual members. So the China and Australia dispute has so many underlying political factors that cannot be simply explained away by the use of double counting. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6N1kxOFAxdm1kWFJGcGZmWENFZjJ5SktKWmczOVNUdnlTODZKMC1Ca09LVzVpVVhBVXBCRGRIZWE4aVhyMXRDVEpfME9ULWpzem94R1lPSzFoTEQ3MGc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ER3lJRVh3a21va2g0SGQ1UlphNzZ4a2F5SFRDdHZkbFExRFA5T2FpNjZjSmFvY3BiZDRKdEdpLS1xd2JscDBUcmUxQnpDNEdYdHhfMUZ0R0tQeEZ2Z2x3TGRaUTNGb1RWZGR6cTJxWkhkNTQ2TFFUdXhmWXg4LUlvSVJjWTl6Uk5BZGg1Q1lRM3UyTFVZODZnTVZTWFJTaHB6cVNDQUVkVmRuakxVM0FkU3l1UzhYVnN2ZDY4YmM5SmVHTHM4VEVCM3dYdHJwMjZQXzJpUHVXMVQ1VHBMQ2o0X3lCLUFXY1FlcDRRam5ELVFJYz0= |
Thanks for your response :) I genuinely didn't think anyone would answer.
I agree that there are a lot of political matters at play. Whilst AD disputes may have origins in private company matters, I don't think that they are privately run. In China, any AD dispute goes to MOFCOM first and then is settled in the WTO if necessary. Same thing in Australia with the AD Commission. These institutions effectively support their respective private claimants/defendants, but they are public institutions and thus political in nature.
But, even if we had a strong dispute settlement body, I don't think that it would make trade policy much better. This is because of how time-consuming and costly settling the dispute actually is. If the law around AD was clearer and narrower, the imposition of a tariff would be more blatantly in breach of these provisions. The blatancy of such a breach might make private and public entities less likely to infringe these rules, thus proactively preventing ridiculous tariffs from being imposed under the guise of an AD duty (but this is up for debate). | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6YUFOYW5PbjNyckVaZllNNzZSLVVlYkh2UUhKbDQyMEt1cE02VWVObmZTUUxQTEh0TjdGb2pvZEFJZFNLZi0zWnRZSHc5b0Z4MUFyOFF5eDdxTWZLMmc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EQmMyT29sam9PblRQNjVlTnh1WnViaU5uUDdVR1JKZ3RCY1dqLTNxVWV0X0xBQ0dNTjA3LXN3TkJ6Z0pELXk5UHBCWHN5a2xfeXEybmpRRDNGdUJ6ZlVKcTZrSEZ2QkhPLVRyQ0FLSTFySzVPZEJuRm9nOGZnSEREN3hxU2xRRGlGOHBXdVFiaGh2R1JMUVl0eUdSS3BLNGdDQk9uVWlwRkFKd0VDNDhBcVZzb2ZRSDZDa3J3OER2Y292a2NCeHozYnVubE90RnF6MmpqVjFRdW1iZkZCY2VnRmVkbWJlMFlNRFpNdm9MMWIyOD0= |
I agree to disagree with you on the first paragraph with particular respect to Aus because (call me the idealistic American here) I honestly think democratic governments have a fundamental respect for the rule of law and having check and balance mechanisms in place. Speaking solely from an American perspective, Department of Commerce and International Trade Commission determinations are OFTEN challenged and frequently overturn before the Courts, let alone the WTO. So while there may be some political pressures for these agencies to make affirmative determinations, it's not absolute that they will always become policy. China/MOFCOM, OTOH, is a political entity solely driven by a single political party with no checks by an independent judiciary branch.
I think you are thinking on too much on the level of a trade purist. The whole dispute was not supposed to be trade related, if you think about. It started with an anti-CCP (not anti-Chinese/Asian, mind you) sentiment because of COVID, and then it was the Chinese who brought in trade remedies as a political tool. You can disagree or not on the appropriateness, the Trump administration was really the pioneer of muddying the waters with the Section 301 actions, which there are 1,000s (literally THOUSANDS) of 301 rulings being challenged before the Court of International Trade as we speak. However, for China, and as I mentioned above, MOFCOM's actions are simply not being checked by their own judiciary. And even if this is challenged before the WTO (DS598 for the barley AD), this will eventually go into WTO dispute settlement limbo because there is no appellate mechanism right now as the US is blocking that body.
However, from a trade purist perspective, thinking more about it, I agree with you that these trade agreements (as well as the dispute settlement mechanism and how appellate body members should treat disputes) needs update. These documents were all negotiated at a time when China was still legitimately a developing country and much of the western world honestly believed somehow they would shift towards a more democratically run governance. The WTO also needs to deal with forefront issues such as labor and environment. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6ckxSaXYwNTBEWFhleTE0QkhoZW84c0thLUJUQnNOV3Bqcy1JRjk1bzJxWU1hUjFnSnZ4MkNiM3RNS1c2NU9jUkc1bE15alZ2dklzT0hGdzc4cXliSkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EWG10aE9nbjNyaUJQY0NxMHVpUHdNajA1RmNyTHRJakNub1dhZ0hKcXNQNFNDbjh1b2RZMDd4X1hwLXM4d3N0T2VJbU1ub0dEN1ZGcTY2Vm1LODF6VlYwVk04ci1idnFhQWlCQlpfTDVjWnJacTQ5WFRMQ1JFcllXMDI1MEtmQjQwM1B4WWUwejNZRklSYzUtY21UUDZ4YUhsQl9RNmpFUF9PSnNBVDdLVjNCVzVRbERlek1GNlQyelhxanRRTEtqTDlHVktkTENxSnNLMk9aTDhHN0RtRXdGZURna0trZjVxWXpQNF83U2dTRT0= |
Thank you for sharing your insight into how politics and the legal systems of the individual member states form the bigger picture of this issue. That's really what I came here to learn. I had no idea about the s 301 rulings. I think 'trade purist' is a very adequate description of where I stand with my education at the moment, I would preferably like to grow out of that in near future. Come to think of it, 'trade purist' would be a nice flair to have on this subreddit.
To wrap this discussion up, I agree with you. A strong democratic country with the right internal checks and balances would prevent vexatious AD duties, double counting, and unlawful use of administrative power by its public institutions. But the point is that members of a free trade agreement should not NEED to have such a strong internal legal system for the agreement to facilitate fair and free trade between its members. If the existence of free trade relied on making every country have the same legal framework as the US, EU or Aus, free trade would be science fiction. The aim of the WTO is to bring *different* countries into the realm of free and fair trade. The efficacy of its provisions should not be so heavily dependent on the laws of its member states. Indeed, the DSB has explicitly stated that a member's domestic law being contradictory to WTO law is no excuse at all for breaching WTO law.
The fact that the AD duties, as they stand in current WTO law, merely *allow* member states to double count and exaggerate duties against another member is problematic for the exact reason you mentioned. It is problematic because any given WTO member can use AD duties as a *punitive,* rather than *compensatory,* measure against its political adversaries (i.e. it can be used as a sword rather than a shield). As the saying goes "where there is ambiguity, there is politics." | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6cWpJdTJwM3NITzkxS3V2QnhCb1hfQVFSR0FiQVVGNTJhWms5OXdqdHhhUmpjV2ZBTko2Zlo0MS1YV2dMYWl0dGpGVDFlUEYtWXFXeEl2S0ZNak5hQ1E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EaFI1cm0tbFdKSHNrbUZtbEZNUkZOaUhZYzBUdnVtVXMzaTVHQi1LazBjT1lBM0Z6dnJjT1VjMjZzbnZMYzNXNjRqY1lHS2I1cl84RnZHUjVzYlVFVGUzaG03TE92LUR4X2FpbHprbHhOX1dCT0JreTdZOWVYaXM1VmxtWUJQQlhGcVdtTWhEbmJTQ2NYN3EzTDRzd21SV0tObThGUnVQMzBQUTd6NW1yTzRzRmM5aUF4VXl5dTE2SXc2azV3ZUVCaThXQlNSTk9RX1ZaQzlHM0tIZkJOWWlWZnZJRmVtUGVURENNdWhsZEhlcz0= |
Judging by your narrow focus on trade related strictly to oil, I’d say your primary focus should be to:
(1) develop a genuine appreciation for trade law and politics surrounding all industries, and only then moving to specialise in oil; and
(2) prepare to spend a few years doing learning it, and accept that you will have absolutely no idea what is going on for the first year or so. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6SGFmR2NmRmxRenRnSVhFWjcwQXJRNjhYN2JPZktmZm04MkFYMUdLckRzTTdaanAxOWU4RkdRYnMwOUxqQ0VhdVh1SGpFVEcwbU5hdUhRYWlfZnZsN0E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ERzlQclFZVzdrUU51a2tjZTZCUGtyTld3ZkFSbXU4U0lxVEpSOWcwaURJdzlCUzRBVUFQdXh4Q0pieXhmdkNWQnUzRkZaWE1qZEJyRGhIR1Vtcmp2Vm9DY0tzWnF6SzVsLW1jODFadmJVTTlwWUxTbXdyLW1YY05RNjVoUDZtY1hGRjVscDBHZDc0RmNFNFdoVlFaMWRCRENLNG90dUhGam1uVGNZRzhPMGxxdGpQeGZFTFlWeWo2dEgwUFk4cG53NVN3bGVTdW1IM0NvVU9JVGZWMVpudz09 |
Main problems in international trade as of now?
I'm talking from a seller's perspective of a product sent overseas? | r/internationaltrade | post | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6bVR5SlMyYU9raDZDc0xOVy1aYnZNZ2lRaldMQjk5QTlfOW15WVVTcGxOOVpWdzVpNXY2LTF5clRvaXRMYWJ0RUp5Wmw2b2d2NVEtSE9rX0Mydk84Unc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EbWotVTdCbUFZeGlpU2V4elBacEpMcGU0SG5QNXd2d0U5dmg1b2dUUXdnWXg0Zm1lNnBNb2l5eFpSQWJjd3ZyTXNFRF8xc0t2QzY4ZVRWQm1OaWV6Y19UNXlFdTRCcHB1RGppNzBSczZiSU14LUg4Ri05OUptOFVTOVV6d19xVVhoS2dkTHdZOU5wUjZOclY0TThkVm82TDdodzA2dnZETFJuMldLN2NvSVZLTmtMUmc0VWpyRmJQR05UNGtkNEI0N1ZXcWNYMGR6VTYtSFI1OS1rMnhvZz09 |
Can you be more specific on goods and markets please? In my day job I'll receive an enquiry from David about selling beeswax into Ecuador and I'll advise him on VAT, tariffs, Childrens development fund, as well as the zoosanitary permit and pest risk analysis that could cause issue if he can't find a vet available here.
Pain points in international trade as a whole across all sectors and markets? I ain't writing a book here | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6amY3Tzc0LTh1QWxGZlVpenJoS3JLeE50WDFDUHJDbktiRGFwYVBGME9pb1pIODRtSTRkNUlNSGF6Y2tIZ3R5dEZBNFlNS0FuWWRmeG5xWnZQZThneXc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EVDBPYXQwcnhxamd0dXRmdEhTdTdsS0MzNDU4bFdkWS1nU2VUTUxGeTR6cHA1cmNDZnpBb0NSdmhQOFZoMS11eTY0alE1Y1dfbjFFbjlBNGZvbUJtVHpXREdMdDNtbWFINVVPdTA1ZFVQelNqS3NCRExxaktkeTNhMVdRNDdzVkszVlVPRlNKeFBScmFrQ0dYaFhYMW56aF9qME1Rckl3M0Fyb2xVNzB5M1ZOV1lOZ0d6aWI0STkwOHIyZlpTeG9oSHZNYUM3dzQ5d21pVS1tQVpDVFZYaVBGWHlKMjJRZmo0Q2traDBSSU1wTT0= |
As the title says, I've made two updates to the subreddit;
1. All posts must now have flaired with one of the following: Question, Discussion, Project
2. You can now set your own user flair if you wish.
It's been a while since much work was done on this subreddit beyond removing spammy posts, so I'm happy to get some more feedback from the community if anyone has any other ideas. | r/iot | post | r/IOT | 2021-04-05 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6ZUZzMy1uVlo4SlZYbm9TaFNlbmNOc3RVVGdHTnR4R2RGaW1yNXJlY0VGdmtpczhXLW5lOUF2aWk3LW9jSV9raXhfd19OMHV0N3NGLVFxYlBYWF9Ca0E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EaGVod05CRVJyUHZKNktqandoWjV6TDBtT1NNSndRRThaU0hGMUgtd0pjT0VuRUhrdVlwTHNxdTRwWWM4V3lYdHM1alNqWDZzc3pVSEw2Y3pIdEltU05feEpqRS1KR1RJMHhKUjlPR01CQ2dWYjZrTVU2LTA2MVpMRUFGbTZab1ZNS01ndTZfekdDWW5RQzRiazN6aF90S1h6bUNLLTFXZGJmRkpXTFhBeU95LXQ2aVNSSzVJWGZZMWFYdUI4ZDJ5 |
This. There is literal 1000 pg plus books written to cover just the basics of the regulations by one regulatory body for international trade much less all of them. | r/internationaltrade | comment | r/Internationaltrade | 2021-04-06 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6R3l1MTU0TWtqX1AyRHlRLUpfbUVhNFJoWnR0dGpDTUdkY2JxSEdOSXltSm9yR3E3azNmc1loSmxHeHhjcjNFZDNvSGxFdU4ybGw1elU4Y3dVRDRxcEE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EaTFzdjB2U19pUDJ0WHBmR0VqT0w3d2JMclpIaWxhSEZ3SURHVk52V2x1a2dlamcyWlg2blQtd0UwVEpvYk5XMjRUY2JqTnBlOEkySWNyNDBjMHJPZ1ZhQmZ1MGctQXhzcXVNRElMSFItSFpiMTBxUzJGV2pZS1Bjd2s1X1BDNjBSTk1vNVI5X2FYOEFIam1oMFlVeXEtTWtKTTZFLXZYMXlsMlNWZEdTMFdaeVBxem54WklzTWMwSnpmYUFfR0Nla0JQc3B5QUtNVUlUaHlJbkxsZUlGbE5oLXJCdXo0X3gyYWJvc3pQZDZibz0= |
The US hegemony that has existed since WW2 has now been dismantled and China has taken its place. The tension between these two countries is just the natural friction that occurs when power relations change. The Taiwan situation is the the manifestation of this tension.
Back when UK was ceding it hegemony to the US there was similar tension, and now the UK is junior partner to the US.
Eventually the current tension will subside and in our lifetime we will see the US play junior ally to hegemonic China. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-04-07 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6bXFCUFBrWFNoUlFzZ0N6RmJvblJXdkxXd0FpSUxaMDhMQ1ItZ3BCeUFPR3BiYVJfd3dkX3NDRkx4UjlHT2VmMDUzdmNBSzY0S0kteHdIOEs0VkZhc1E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EZlZJMGdncFBvYTZiaUdKN0dIVlc2c1E1ak5YWEdoMlRmbGlILVc1UzVtejFvRmJOZVY0V3plUDl2TWxURkpOclN6WngwRVp1TjhSbmNNQnRBSXpQUGVfS25ySnF5d0xoV3Zicm5NVHY5WmQ5TWlJSXNGSmlUTFZ0UzhCS1dDM2VBbU9OampOOUJZbzN2YTA4X2puZ05JRHpOM2R5NE1nQ0IySTBkY2dYYnJHb2hLcEpSWWhxcDFqcXcyaU5GTllSdDN3dTdtSDFWSVdlNE5GeGlYMzBxdz09 |
Wrong. US hegemony has not been dismantled. You clearly don’t know about capabilities. The US can shit down China’s throat if it wants. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-04-08 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6LU5MWjYtX3Nwa0U4SnNmYU9GU083NFlXZThzaW9zbWZKbUhsYWRFZGpHN0lCTHdJVVNnUW1YZXFUZ0M2VmFJTDI3cWVmdTdXUklnQWl2S2NqeF9tX2c9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EWUF2dmtwMTBaM2xVQVZpSllkRmRBUEpGZS01Vl9jb0lubWYzQ3ZCX25NaHF5OWNSOU9kTVlXTWZUbUp6TnVsaXBuMUY4c1JrVWFBTTdaNG9ZNGFSWGNLR0RIMWF2VDUzbV9BbHduazI0Y0R6NUFyUWtQWUt3c0VzYXVXTE9aMEk5enh2M0ZxemxMZWV2VUpmVDNXcllrUHI0UDZFSHZyNHU4RElMZjFtRGJ4S0F1NkxBZUZ2eHRMOWlyUU15a3pDS1ZxRjNQYk0yWjBadUh1SzAwU1N1QT09 |
Incorrect | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-04-08 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6eG1uaUNuTk5jZDhxRmp0MTBqMUNNa1ZQMGdEY2JUQTJVdm53enR4TV9zT2xhaWFqUDlpOGpsc2FaUFcyVGVjSG9JNHlIYllEd2MzNUVQZUViYjh2YkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EZUdONWV3NE9Fc2NSamtMY3ZMeDZwaDVvQTlHdGUyM3pqa21fXzVMUXBFRS0zVF9hempTbjVNZ1dSS1gxODF4U3YzdlpoN1k3VmVZV1owdVVaZG10cXFhMWg0cC1LUEhYMmhKRlBwV2NrR1RKc2JiLWZyRzY3MmY1ZzdmOXBxaFhTa1hZWDVTeEg4bDlYQXVwU29qWTlMV3lEM25hb1hSdTdZTERvWTd1MHAwV0RPSjNCMW84V2Vqa1JLenBRU0RkbzVpNk92YVFScDhSUXVuRkFQd0RaUT09 |
Unless there's a WW3 which can do for China what WW2 did for the US, China is not going to become a global hegemon. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-04-10 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6eElpY3Zwem9UWWNITk4zNDRfMW5WZjdKcGhVRjh2TTdXcGMyVGZDZGhHbzlFeUVwRkFGTjkyNkEtRjg5N09qc3ZVVEhrTGtzNWNvLTBBWnhUdDJuTkE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EVEh2S1ZkUVJxcU1rVlRadzVKY0R3TVJDazNycVFBRmZCcTQ4SkNISVEyT3BXb3M4Z2Jxc0JwSGZfVndCQ19oemExYVFRaW04VnhoUS1UNzlOYkxmR0xPM1hBUjIxcGJ6TDdhRXMyekpTd2VrdWxWYmpYRXJOUnNIS1p4a1BrZGRhRTNJVlFWRDk0bkdHdy1Qa0lxVHF0M2R0NURlc1dOT1I5bmFvaTc0NnZWa0dPUXAyVjNYZmZ1R1NlekEzeGU2cW1JRVc0T3RHNTRtUXpteEp3OUpDZz09 |
Actually, somewhat correct. Not sure about the whole “s****ing down throat” but yes, if there was a war between China and US, the US would be EXTREMELY favored to win, from a military and experience stand point. There is also the economic effect as well as the societal effect. China has a rapidly growing economy, but it is still very unstable and relies heavily on partnerships with already unstable countries, or unstable state run industry. That being said, the shear numbers would make this an absolutely horrific war as Chinas main tactic would be to wear down the US with numbers (China does not even outfit its infantry with armor), making it an absolute blood bath, and very detrimental to both sides. Lastly, a war like this would likely end the US’s hegemony in and of its self as they would be so caught up with the heavy price (economic, social, and militarily) of a war with China that it is likely Russia or other countries would be actively attempting to take the top spot. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-04-11 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6SHRBVmFqblhfVXU1RjhhblYxaGJoNzFkNkhXZTFkRlJPSzBMMnpIQTU0cWxiMzd5RElYTGhWM2t4b2k4dDhhTTZ1SDJpTy00RU1rNkdlLWVUSnJzeXc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Ebm5ERl9kaGhiUXI3S0pRWFQ0TVhmeU9JZWpkeWkzSnozTVpPNjlhY09XdHJIX2JTS0huSGVBbVNzY25TYWhrQmEwUTluQ2J6dFk1emNkUjQ3U25KUHQ1RUEyVTBHSkVTbko4WGF3ZEQ4bkhoZlJYM3dzNVVBYm9pNXJhbG0tcVZWVEZWaFl2TUNnWGFNaDlheGxkWXdpODlLQzRYWlJMWjd0OUxyWWJvNS00bjZ4VUU5aTRiZG51WUIwMWNYSUpucjltYzBoY21yb1NyUWZYbGotT2ptdz09 |
I am on my phone so sorry for any bad grammar or misspelled words.
To try and answer your question to the best of my ability, it basically comes down to how much can power hungry expansionist countries push the US, and allies, before they take action. China (communist party, not necessary all the citizens) feel like Taiwan is a run away a state that belongs to mainland China and in order to fully rebuild China to its former glory they need to unify it. Taiwan was given to China in 1945 as a part of the of the resolution of WW2, in 1949 during the retreat of the ROC in the Chinese civil war (Republic side of the civil war) they retreated to Taiwan. In the 80’s the government of Taiwan was ratified and there was an official president elected. During that period the leader of China was a much more passive leader looking mainly to rebuild and strengthen China from within, with not much ambition on the global politics level. The next leader (the current one) Xi Jinping, had a much different idea. Xi rose to power by comparing himself to Mao. You can site many pieces of artwork, statues, and phraseology, used by Xi that is pretty much a call back to Mao. Xi also created the 2049 plan. The 2049 plan is to build up China to over take the US’s global power - or hegemony as Xi likes to call it - by 2049, with an eye at spreading the Chinese way of life to the world. Part of this plan includes a one unified China. A key player in this strategy is Taiwan. Like Mao, Xi believes Taiwan belongs to the Chinese mainland, and that in its current state it is an embarrassing runaway nation. Side note this is not just true of Taiwan, areas around Mayanmar have similar issues. However, Taiwan does not want to be a part of the CPC (Communist Part of China). Here’s where the US comes in. First, Taiwan is an ally of the states, but, maybe more importantly, they are an extremely advantageous island for defense if China were to all out attack US forces, and war ensued. Which thrusts Taiwan into a position of a sort of glue holding all the nations of the South China Sea together. China, claims Taiwan is theirs and that they can take it over, the US claims (correctly) that it is not and China is over stepping international law by threatening to take it over. The more the US claims Taiwan exists and keeps military equipment there, the more awkward it gets for Chinese leaders. For an example of how tense it is at the moment, China claims a lot of smaller, China made, islands in the South China Sea, (also known as the Phlilipene Sea) as their own sovereign land. The US, and most all other countries in the world, do not recognize it as China’s because that is a break in international law again. So in an attempt to de-legitimize this claim the US routinely demonstrates military actions that break rules for a sovereign nation, let me explain. International rule for any country when moving military forces through another countries waters (I.e. if the US needs to send an Aircraft carrier fleet to Alaska through Canadian waters) is to move as quickly as possible, in the straightest line possible from point A to point B. Since the US (and most of the world) doesn’t recognize the South China Sea as sovereign Chinese territory the US will drive large military vessels, slowly, in a zig zag motion through the sea, which puts China in an awkward spot. They claim this is their land, and as such they should see this as an act of war, but they know they can’t quite take the whole of the US Navy (at least not yet) so they have to stand down, which is an embarrassing demonstration to the Chinese people that China doesn’t really own these waters.
There is a very similar situation happening in Ukraine with Russia, although I know much less about it, essentially Russia claimed the Ukraine was their’s and again the US correctly said it was not, Russia decided to move in anyway, knowing the Americans would not likely risk an all out war with Russia over the Ukraine.
Here’s what is important to think about, why are the states always the one at bat when countries try to abuse international law and human rights globally. We need to shift from a “US is the only super power they will take care of it” view to a “how does our country try to effect positive change on the global scale” view.
Sorry for the wall of text. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-04-11 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6QUNxRVNKb1kzaTlQcG9JV1J6d3o5Zkw4aFd5eFR2VDhtNnNNOEtLTWpSSGdWYklzMEE2dlpnQndXUFVlcFVJNGZ0UXl5MEhjeG0wVnlvUkpnUjFYR0E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ET3NxZFQzc2UyZkxRV1NfaFhReEJYUEhkeHVTWVZOWEQtWC1zTDhzNUU0RVZERGdtaVRyeGd2M0NleWpZakZuejgtQ1pwNl8zd3JpaWhaVFBDdnUtYU1YRHRKSkVnZjZQdWduWl9nd2tpYXNEd1g2N1MzSWpZMDJnSnRvMDNrdkZ1V1VFdl9RZGJ5MEdnb0xsbS1qQ2RNazFJeE9tckp1REFCMkRJR1doeElOeEF5SjZ0S3R1elBvcVlyZlBxbDFldEF0eHpmaU12ZlppcS15Y2pLd0JHZz09 |
It's 'Ukraine' and not 'the Ukraine'
[[Merriam-Webster](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Ukraine)] [[BBC Styleguide](https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsstyleguide/u)] [[Reuters Styleguide](https://handbook.reuters.com/index.php?title=U#Ukraine)]
^(Beep boop I’m a bot) | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-04-11 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6WHRWZUJfQU96Ulk3ZHREVFd1cFJPYzJNdU1xaDE4cXZnTEd6VE9HTWpYbXUyQWVETUZLRjNVMkt4R1NLZkMzWUtUc3c0YzB4Y0c2UWFsM0U2eTVpRlpkbGxTbzVwMkNQaTFWdFRpLU1DMVU9 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EWUZWaUJTRklhczZNcnpOVWFQVDdTZUc5U1kxM3ZReG5tRkJ1VkpnTHBxRzBZdTNLM0JMRndJVkozbGtPNUVmNnpnb21rWjVxcUhSb18tS0VOZXJDNEp1ZmlkMGpyNlFqdkNvajFKMnk5YTE2OTdmeFZIV2M1SFE2ZW9ib2QxUjREb1lKeHhWU1JSQkYwcFp4bjB0QUxBSFByM2ZoajVFRnQ4dTdBcmNxRTc5LS1nYjh3bjB2SkdGalFDZmd4eDE5M0VKbUpoai1lbkxUQjFqZVd4NFlyUT09 |
Sorry bot, you are right.... Ukraine then | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-04-11 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6MWR2SGJrTW1MbllqVjZsZWNfMy1xS1hIS0xiYW1DRG95MEtoVndzZXZDUmZzYWYzbFRXdFp2azVUMGlEWWhOUEZVOF92R25PMkpyemgxMGpLbE5mYXc9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9Ed241N3hLNzFFaGFlTzBsZGQ1VWFNNnN6RGhSSlBzS2NmUlJnSFlpNl90Vm5jdF9qYUlrb3k2alVpbW5YT2FZa0s2M2g2Y093WGkxcmk5MDhKbGFDZ3NqbHhlVzhhcmlYdHE4TDlweVNTN1hCZHh2Qm1rU1cyaGM2LTZhT2VJdUNOLTl4OWxDSzZrUFJjNW9nWjRBaFd3cGpXLWFabTV5VGhDUXBiblJXdHFZemxReVpfV1RCRFhBSFp0U0VwbktrT05CSi1iOC1TaHFTcUppTnAzT284dz09 |
Though I understand the sentiment, this is far from the truth.
Yes, China has grown significantly in the last couple of decades, but they are far from taking the the global world super power role. Although, through the use of state owned media and very tightly controlled communication efforts by the Chinese government (i.e. the Chinese firewall blocking most outside internet traffic to the people of China), it’s likely if you asked the average Chinese person in Beijing who the most influential world super power is, they would likely tell you it is China.
The power struggle mainly lies in the industry of the two countries. The US has labeled its self as the proverbial, ‘poster child’ of industry and capitalism, but now finds its self in a situation where most of the industry it has comes from China. However, these relationships are not set in stone. China has a false sense of domination over the states, the states would come out of a trade war with China in a much better condition than China, however American pride and the fear of loosing global trade dominance would scare the American away from doing such a trade war.
That being said, with tensions heating up more and more in the South China Sea, it is very likely that the American are going to favor a more domestic industry approach.
Side note as well, almost all the industry in China is out sourced American industry, China is not the only other country that can manufacture American goods, and China knows that - something to think about. | r/globalpolitics | comment | r/GlobalPolitics | 2021-04-11 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6T3VKWXcyU0Q2T1VFaTJTZ3ZWOHVJT01YZDEzbU9zVXE1T1ZYUlJWdEcxdGdIM0RzbkVWV2JpdDZ4YXZXVFJoZ1JmQ3QybHNZTU1oYi0xcFNsangwLVE9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9EUEZzdEdxalRMVkxrbkVpdVNaak9JWXlVVlBOVHlWaDZmM3c5MlBUU0VjUVpNUEptZFVOWlQ3ems4d3RvOU1ZV2REejZVZ1ZaMWUyZGZQSmdlcWppbzNqbzl0eTdqZzlFcVJva1ladkRpRmZuQ3A0YWNVNkxTd0tPaHEwMDJvT1NyaDBCWEk1YmlZQ1AtVmpRZzRJLWxDT1NCem85a04zN3d1MkJWVzl4NXh5RER3cWpEYmZuazhVemI2dUNzNEtZZ3BiZWtVWV90T3gtOTlGNDZyb2prUT09 |
I am an undergraduate econ student. I don't understand a word from trying to go through any research paper. Is there any course or anything, that I can learn from, to understand those econ math? Yes, I do have a mathematical economics papers in my ug course but it's nowhere near to the math in those research papers. Help please!! | r/econpapers | post | r/EconPapers | 2021-04-15 | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lakx6UVlUYXRqUTY4U0h1ZTNWY2YzbnhYY1JpOHZHMWY5RFNldlFSUGVQZVBNcjdiNmstSEZSV1BfbTVzYjA2UC1sZXdFR0ctZzZ6YTZCMWNtWjdUa1lNZ0E9PQ== | Z0FBQUFBQm5Lak9ENUp6T3A5Ri16azlBMG5MNmpnSmpFdEMwdnYyanVjSDktWGRmY0k0b3JtWFFHb1c5Mmxjai05VmFBNjRnaHVBNlY4R3JWU1pubEV4VDZTOFp6bHo5OUJVVTBDYTNydHprbnJOTEhKdmp5Mm9WZEtwLXlzX1E3YTFnWFpLVms1clptaXQ0MjRpOWtXVEJGcGdwX1BIOXNBMDk1NC1DTzF6NXg4bXV5SjN6RHV0aXZyYzAzWFNqbnlwY1lTS19JZzdab3NfZ2JZVkZteWpWM0ZSbHhwel9mdz09 |
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