bayes-group-diffusion/wiki_auto · Datasets at Hugging Face

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The first Soviet main battle tank was the T-64 ( the T-54/55 and T-62 were considered " medium " tanks ) and the first American nomenclature-designated MBT was the M60 Patton .	The first Soviet main battle tank was the T-64 and the first American MBT was the M60 Patton .	[]
By the late 1970s , MBTs were manufactured by China , France , West Germany , Britain , India , Italy , Japan , the Soviet Union , Sweden , Switzerland , and the United States .	By the late 1970s , MBT 's were manufactured by France , West Germany , Britain , India , Japan , the USSR , Sweden , Switzerland , and the United States .	[]
The peninsula 's area is approximately 47 km2 .	The size of Kowloon is about 47 square kilometres .	[]
The part of Kowloon south of Boundary Street , together with Stonecutters Island , was ceded by Qing China to the United Kingdom under the Convention of Peking of 1860 .	In law , Kowloon refers to the area south of Boundary Street and Stonecutters Island , leased to the United Kingdom by the Qing dynasty in 1860 .	[]
The part of Kowloon north of Boundary Street ( New Kowloon ) was leased by the British as part of the New Territories under the 1898 Second Convention of Peking for 99 years .	In 1898 , the Qing dynasty leased the New Territories to the United Kingdom for 99 years .	[]
" New Kowloon " has remained part of the New Territories .	New Kowloon , the area north of Boundary Street , is officially part of the New Territories .	[]
The name Kowloon stems from the term " nine dragons " , alluding to eight mountains and a Chinese emperor : Kowloon Peak , Tung Shan , Tate 's Cairn , Temple Hill , Unicorn Ridge , Lion Rock , Beacon Hill , Crow 's Nest and Emperor Bing of Song .	The name Kowloon means " nine dragons " ( 九 – nine , 龍 – dragon ) . <SEP> This refers to eight mountains and a Chinese emperor : Kowloon Peak , Tung Shan , Tate 's Cairn , Temple Hill , Unicorn Ridge , Lion Rock , Beacon Hill , Crow 's Nest and Emperor Bing ( Song Dynasty ) .	[]
Carsington Water is a reservoir operated by Severn Trent Water located between Wirksworth and Kniveton in Derbyshire , England .	Carsington Water is a massive reservoir operated by Severn Trent Water .	[]
It is England 's ninth largest reservoir with a capacity of 35,412 megalitres .	It is England 's ninth largest reservoir with a capacity of 35,412 megaliters .	[]
Planning for the reservoir started in the 1960s with actual construction starting in 1979 .	Planning for the reservoir started in the 1960s with actual construction staring in 1979 .	[]
In 1984 there was a partial collapse of the dam prior to its filling .	In 1984 there was a partial collapse of the dam .	[]
Aphids are small sap-sucking insects and members of the superfamily Aphidoidea .	Aphids are small bugs which feed on plants .	[]
About 5,000 species of aphid have been described , all included in the family Aphididae .	There are over 4,000 different species of aphid .	[]
Around 400 of these are found on food and fibre crops , and many are serious pests of agriculture and forestry , as well as an annoyance for gardeners .	About 250 species are serious pests for agriculture and forestry as well as an annoyance for gardeners .	[]
The ancient city was destroyed by the Roman Republic in the Third Punic War in 146 BC and then re-developed as Roman Carthage , which became the major city of the Roman Empire in the province of Africa .	The Roman Republic destroyed Carthage in the Punic Wars of the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC .	[]
The fall of Carthage came at the end of the Third Punic War in 146 BC at the Battle of Carthage .	This started the First Punic War . <SEP> The Romans destroyed Carthage in 146 BC , in the third Punic war .	[]
About 50,000 Carthaginians were sold into slavery .	The Carthaginians who survived , numbering about 50,000 , were sold into slavery .	[]
Fred Figglehorn ( stylised on webpage and on T-shirts as FЯED ) is a fictional character created and portrayed by American actor Lucas Cruikshank .	Fred Figglehorn is a fictional character made up by Lucas Cruikshank , a teenager from Columbus , Nebraska .	[]
Although Cruikshank voices Fred , the audio is digitally altered to sound higher-pitched than Cruikshank 's true voice .	Cruikshank makes his voice sound higher pitched for the Fred character .	[]
By April 2009 , the channel had over one million subscribers , making it the first YouTube channel to do so , and the most subscribed channel at the time .	By April 2009 , Fred 's YouTube subscription page had over one million subscribers , making him the most subscribed person on YouTube .	[]
The tropopause is the boundary in the Earth 's atmosphere between the troposphere and the stratosphere .	The tropopause is a boundary region in Earth 's atmosphere between the troposphere and the stratosphere . <SEP> To put it into even simpler words , the tropopause is the interferance between the troposphere and the stratosphere .	[]
Going upward from the surface , it is the point where air ceases to cool with height , and becomes almost completely dry .	Here the air ceases to cool at -56.5 ° C ( -70 ° F ) , and the air becomes almost completely dry .	[]
Most commercial aircraft are flown in the lower stratosphere , just above the tropopause , where clouds are usually absent , as are significant weather perturbations .	Most commercial aircraft are flown in the Tropopause .	[]
Philidor started playing regularly around 1740 at the chess Mecca of France , the Cafe ́ de la Re ́ gence .	Philidor started playing regularly about 1740 at the Parisian Cafe ́ de la Re ́ gence .	[]
It was also there that he famously played with a friend from ' New England ' , Benjamin Franklin .	It was there that he played with a friend from ' New England ' , Mr. Benjamin Franklin .	[]
In 1771 and 1773 , Philidor briefly stayed in London to play at the Salopian coffee house , Charing Cross and at the St. James Chess Club .	Philidor played chess at the Cafe ́ de la Re ́ gence in Paris , and at the Salopian Coffee-house and at Parsloe 's chess club in London .	[]
Artemis ( ; Greek : Artemis , ) , in the ancient Greek religion and myth , is the goddess of the hunt , the wilderness , wild animals , the Moon , and chastity .	Artemis is a goddess in Greek mythology . <SEP> Artemis is the goddess of hunting , wild animals and the wilderness .	[]
Artemis is the daughter of Zeus and Leto , and the twin sister of Apollo .	She is the daughter of Zeus and Leto . <SEP> She is the twin sister of Apollo .	[]
Hera was angry with her husband Zeus because he had impregnated Leto but the island of Delos disobeyed Hera and Leto gave birth there .	Hera , who was Zeus 's wife , discovered that Leto was pregnant and became very angry . <SEP> Leto found the island of Delos , which floated and so was not an island or mainland , and gave birth there .	[]
An account by Callimachus has it that Hera forbade Leto to give birth on either terra firma ( the mainland ) or on an island .	She banned Leto from giving birth on any mainland or island known .	[]
Aeneas was helped by Artemis , Leto , and Apollo .	Artemis helped Leto to give birth to Apollo .	[]
John Clive ( 6 January 1933 – 14 October 2012 ) was an English author and actor .	John Clive ( 6 January 1933 – 14 October 2012 ) was an English writer , actor and voice talent . <SEP> Clive was born on January 6 , 1933 in North London , England .	[]
Clive 's character acting has led him to appear in comic and serious roles in films , such as " The Italian Job " , " Yellow Submarine " , " The Pink Panther Strikes Again " , " A Clockwork Orange " and " The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles " .	Clive had important parts in the movies " Yellow Submarine " , " Carry on Board " , " Carry on Dick " , " The Gnomes of Dulwich " , " Tiffany Jones " , and " Clockwork Orange " .	[]
John Clive died after a short illness on 14 October 2012 in England , just under a quarter of the year short of his 80th birthday .	Clive died on October 14 , 2012 from a short illness in his home in England , aged 79 .	[]
Douglas Noel Adams ( 11 March 1952 – 11 May 2001 ) was an English author , screenwriter , essayist , humorist , satirist and dramatist .	Douglas Adams ( 11 March 1952 – 11 May 2001 ) was a British writer .	[]
Adams was author of " The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy " , which originated in 1978 as a BBC radio comedy before developing into a " trilogy " of five books that sold more than 15 million copies in his lifetime and generated a television series , several stage plays , comics , a video game , and in 2005 a feature film .	He is most famous for his " The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy " series .	[]
Adams was born on 11 March 1952 to Janet ( ne ́ e Donovan ; 1927 – 2016 ) and Christopher Douglas Adams ( 1927 – 1985 ) in Cambridge .	Adams was born in Cambridge .	[]
" The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy " was a concept for a science-fiction comedy radio series pitched by Adams and radio producer Simon Brett to BBC Radio 4 in 1977 .	In 1979 , he wrote a science fiction radio play called " The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy " .	[]
He also wrote , again with Chapman , 20 February 1977 episode of " Doctor on the Go " , a sequel to the " Doctor in the House " television comedy series .	He also wrote several sequels .	[]
Adams died of a heart attack on 11 May 2001 , aged 49 , after resting from his regular workout at a private gym in Montecito , California .	In 2001 , Adams died of a heart attack while he was working out at the gym in Montecito , California , United States .	[]
Walter Elias Disney ( ; December 5 , 1901December 15 , 1966 ) was an American entrepreneur , animator , voice actor and film producer .	Walter Elias Disney ( December 5 , 1901 - December 15 , 1966 ) was an American business magnate , animator , cartoonist , producer , screenwriter , entrepreneur , and voice actor .	[]
A pioneer of the American animation industry , he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons .	Disney was an important person in the American animation industry and throughout the world .	[]
After Disney 's death , his brother Roy deferred his retirement to take full control of the Disney companies .	Along with his brother Roy Disney , he was the founder of Walt Disney Productions .	[]
Disney was a heavy smoker throughout his life , and died of lung cancer in December 1966 before either the park or the EPCOT project were completed .	He died on December 15 , 1966 from lung cancer . <SEP> On December 15 , 1966 , Disney died of lung cancer in Burbank , California at the age of 65 .	[]
At the inauguration in 1971 , Roy dedicated Walt Disney World to his brother .	His brother Roy Disney inaugurated the Magic Kingdom in 1971 .	[]
Disney 's companies continue to produce successful film , television and stage entertainment .	His company continues to produce popular movies and entertainment every year .	[]
Disney received 59 Academy Award nominations , including 22 awards : both totals are records .	He received four honorary Academy Awards and won 22 Academy Awards from a total of 59 nominations , including a record four in one year .	[]
He also received four Emmy Award nominations , winning once , for Best Producer for the " Disneyland " television series .	Disney also won seven Emmy Awards .	[]
With Ub Iwerks , Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928 , his first highly popular success ; he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years .	He then created Mickey Mouse .	[]
The results , seen in features such as " Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs " ( 1937 ) , " Pinocchio " , " Fantasia " ( both 1940 ) , " Dumbo " ( 1941 ) , and " Bambi " ( 1942 ) , furthered the development of animated film .	Disney started the Walt Disney Studios and created the first full-length animated movie when he created " Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs " ( 1937 ) . <SEP> The money from the movie helped Disney create many more cartoons and movies such as " Fantasia , Pinocchio " ( both 1940 ) " , Dumbo " ( 1941 ) , and " Bambi " ( 1942 ) .	[]
New animated and live-action films followed after World War II , including the critically successful " Cinderella " ( 1950 ) and " Mary Poppins " ( 1964 ) , the latter of which received five Academy Awards .	New animated and live-action films followed after World War II , including the critically successful " Cinderella " ( 1950 ) , " Peter Pan " ( 1953 ) , and " Mary Poppins " ( 1964 ) , the latter of which received five Academy Awards .	[]
Charles Babbage , an English mechanical engineer and polymath , originated the concept of a programmable computer .	Others say the first computer was made by Charles Babbage . <SEP> Charles Babbage wanted to make a similar machine that could calculate .	[]
Babbage 's failure to complete the analytical engine can be chiefly attributed to political and financial difficulties as well as his desire to develop an increasingly sophisticated computer and to move ahead faster than anyone else could follow .	Because Babbage did not have enough money and always changed his design when he had a better idea , he never built his Analytical Engine .	[]
Computers are used as control systems for a wide variety of industrial and consumer devices .	Computers are used to control large and small machines which in the past were controlled by humans . <SEP> some are used to control machines .	[]
However , these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers .	Because of this , we say they were not programmable .	[]
During the first half of the 20th century , many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers , which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation .	In the first half of the 20th century , scientists started using computers , mostly because scientists had a lot of math to figure out and wanted to spend more of their time thinking about science questions instead of spending hours adding numbers together .	[]
In theoretical computer science and mathematics , the theory of computation is the branch that deals with how efficiently problems can be solved on a model of computation , using an algorithm .	The theory of computation is a branch of mathematics .	[]
Complexity theory considers not only whether a problem can be solved at all on a computer , but also how efficiently the problem can be solved .	If this is the case , then the question is to know if it can be solved in an efficient way .	[]
The field is divided into three major branches : automata theory and languages , computability theory , and computational complexity theory , which are linked by the question : " " What are the fundamental capabilities and limitations of computers ? " .	The first is computability theory .	[]
Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren ( ] ; ; 14 November 1907 – 28 January 2002 ) was a Swedish writer of fiction and screenplays .	Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren , born Astrid Ericsson , ( November 14 , 1907 - January 28 , 2002 ) was a famous Swedish writer .	[]
Lindgren was the daughter of Samuel August Ericsson ( 1875 – 1969 ) and Hanna Jonsson ( 1879 – 1961 ) .	Lindgren was the daughter of Samuel August Ericsson and Hanna Johnsson .	[]
She had two sisters , Stina and Ingegerd , and a brother , Gunnar Ericsson , who eventually became a member of the Swedish parliament .	She had two sisters . <SEP> Her brother , Gunnar Ericsson , was a member of the Swedish parliament .	[]
Upon finishing school , Lindgren took a job with a local newspaper in Vimmerby .	She finished the school and took a job with the a local newspaper in Vimmerby .	[]
She had a relationship with the chief editor , who was married and a father , and who eventually proposed marriage in 1926 after she became pregnant .	When she became pregnant with the chief editor 's child in 1926 , he proposed marriage .	[]
She declined and moved to the capital city of Stockholm , learning to become a typist and stenographer ( she would later write most of her drafts in stenography ) .	She did not accept , and moved to Stockholm , learning to become a typist and stenographer .	[]
In due time , she gave birth to her son , Lars , in Copenhagen and left him in the care of a foster family .	There she gave birth to her son Lars in Copenhagen and left him with another family to care for him .	[]
Astrid Lindgren grew up in Na ̈ s , near Vimmerby , Sma ̊ land , Sweden , and many of her books are based on her family and childhood memories and landscapes .	Astrid Lindgren grew up in Na ̈ s , near Vimmerby , Sma ̊ land , and many of her books are based on her family and childhood memories .	[]
The character Pippi Longstocking was invented to amuse her daughter while she was ill in bed .	However , Pippi Longstocking , her most famous character , was invented for her daughter Karin , who was , at the time , ill and had to stay in the bed .	[]
Although poorly paid , she saved whatever she could and traveled as often as possible to Copenhagen to be with Lars , often just over a weekend , spending most of her time on the train back and forth .	Although poorly paid , she saved whatever she could and travelled as often as possible to Copenhagen to be with Lars ; often just over a weekend , spending most of her time on the train back and forth .	[]
In 1932 she married her employer , Sture Lindgren ( 1898 – 1952 ) , who left his wife for her .	In 1931 she married her boss , Sture Lindgren ( 1898-1952 ) .	[]
Three years later , in 1934 , Lindgren gave birth to her second child , Karin , who would become a translator .	Three years later , in 1934 , Lindgren gave birth to her second child , Karin , who later became a translator .	[]
The family moved in 1941 to an apartment on , with a view over Vasaparken , where Lindgren remained until her death on 28 January 2002 at the age of 94 , having become blind .	The family moved in 1941 to an apartment on Dalagatan , with a view over Vasaparken , where Astrid lived until her death . <SEP> Astrid Lindgren died in 2002 , at the age of 94 .	[]
An electronic cigarette or e-cigarette is a handheld battery-powered vaporizer that simulates smoking by providing some of the behavioral aspects of smoking , including the hand-to-mouth action of smoking , but without burning tobacco .	An electronic cigarette ( or e-cigarette , e-cig ) is a cigarette substitute .	[]
There are e-liquids sold without propylene glycol , nicotine , or flavors .	The main substances making up in the liquid in the e-cigarettes are nicotine , propylene glycol , glycerin and some flavors or smells .	[]
Hon Lik , a Chinese pharmacist and inventor , who worked as a research pharmacist for a company producing ginseng products , is frequently credited with the invention of the modern e-cigarette .	The modern electronic cigarette was invented by Hon Lik ( regarded as the ' father of the electronic cigarette ' ) , a Chinese pharmacist and inventor .	[]
Lik quit smoking after his father , also a heavy smoker , died of lung cancer .	Hon had himself quit smoking , after his father , also a heavy smoker , had died of lung cancer .	[]
Hon Lik registered a patent for the modern e-cigarette design in 2003 .	Hon patented the modern e-cigarette design in 2003 , and starting selling it domestically .	[]
Many versions made their way to the US , sold mostly over the Internet by small marketing firms .	Many versions made their way to the U.S. , sold mostly over the Internet by small marketing firms .	[]
Many US and Chinese e-cigarette makers copied his designs illegally , so Lik has not received much financial reward for his invention ( although some US manufacturers have compensated him through out of court settlements ) .	However , many US and Chinese e-cig manufacturers copied his designs illegally , and as a result Hon Lik did not get the expected financial rewards for his invention ( although some US manufacturers have recompensated him through out of court settlements ) .	[]
They bought the largest e-cigarette companies .	Instead they bought smaller e-cig companies to enter the market .	[]
E-liquids usually contain propylene glycol , glycerin , nicotine , flavorings , additives , and differing amounts of contaminants .	The liquid used in e-cigs is commonly made of propylene glycol , glycerin , distilled water , artificial ( fake ) flavors and optionally nicotine .	[]
Magma that cools slowly within a magma chamber usually ends up forming bodies of plutonic rocks such as gabbro , diorite and granite , depending upon the composition of the magma .	When magma becomes solid it 's usually by cooling slowly , far below the surface . <SEP> This makes " plutonic " rocks such as granite .	[]
During a volcanic eruption the magma that leaves the underground is called lava .	When magma comes out from the ground in a volcano and it is still melted , it is called lava . <SEP> When magma is ejected by a volcano or other vent , the material is called lava .	[]
Lava cools and solidifies relatively quickly compared to underground bodies of magma .	Lava cools more quickly , and forms other kinds of rock such as basalt .	[]
Magma develops within the mantle or crust where the temperature and pressure conditions favor the molten state .	Magma originates in the lower part of the Earth ’ s crust and in the upper portion of the mantle .	[]
When magma cools it begins to form solid mineral phases .	Lava cools to form volcanic rock as well as volcanic glass .	[]
Magma can remain in a chamber until it cools and crystallizes forming igneous rock , it erupts as a volcano , or moves into another magma chamber.There are two known processes by which magma changes : by crystallization within the crust or mantle to form a pluton , or by volcanic eruption to become lava or tephra .	Large eruptions can nearly empty the magma chamber .	[]
Korematsu v. United States , 323 U.S. 214 ( 1944 ) , was a landmark United States Supreme Court case upholding the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II .	Korematsu v. United States 323 U.S. 214 ( 1944 ) , was a landmark United States Supreme Court .	[]
In the aftermath of Imperial Japan 's attack on Pearl Harbor , President Franklin D. Roosevelt had issued Executive Order 9066 in February 1942 , authorizing the War Department to create military areas from which any or all Americans might be excluded .	In February of 1942 , President Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order No. 9066 .	[]
Meanwhile , Fred Korematsu was a 23-year-old Japanese-American man who decided to stay at his residence in San Leandro , California , instead of obeying the order to relocate .	Fred Korematsu , a Japanese-American who was born in the United States , refused to comply with the order . <SEP> Fred Korematsu was a Japanese-American man who decided to stay in San Leandro , California and knowingly violated Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 of the U.S. Army .	[]
In a majority opinion joined by five other justices , Associate Justice Hugo Black held that the need to protect against espionage by Japan outweighed the rights of Americans of Japanese descent .	In the majority opinion by Justice Hugo Black , the Court ruled 6-9 that the need to protect the country from espionage outweighed the rights of Mr. Korematsu .	[]
No question was raised as to Korematsu 's loyalty to the United States .	Neither is there any question of his loyalty to the United States .	[]
With the issuance of Civilian Restrictive Order No. 1 on May 19 , 1942 , Japanese Americans were forced to move into relocation camps .	On May 19 , 1942 , during World War II , Japanese Americans were ordered to be move into relocation camps by Civilian Restrictive Order No. 1 , 8 Fed .	[]
Korematsu argued that Executive Order 9066 was unconstitutional and that it violated the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution .	Korematsu argued that the Executive Order 9066 was unconstitutional and that it violated the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution .	[]
He was arrested and convicted .	He was arrested , tried and convicted .	[]
Korematsu 's conviction was voided by a California district court in 1983 on the grounds that Solicitor General Charles H. Fahy had suppressed a report from the Office of Naval Intelligence that held that there was no evidence that Japanese Americans were acting as spies for Japan .	Korematsu 's conviction for evading internment was overturned in 1983 .	[]
She is known for portraying Britta Perry on the NBC / Yahoo !	She is known for playing Britta Perry on the NBC / Yahoo !	[]
Jacobs had a recurring role as Mimi-Rose Howard on the fourth season of the HBO series " Girls " and has appeared in films such as " Gardens of the Night " ( 2008 ) , " The Lookalike " ( 2014 ) , " Life Partners " ( 2014 ) , " Hot Tub Time Machine 2 " ( 2015 ) , " Do n't Think Twice " ( 2016 ) , " Brother Nature " ( 2016 ) , " Life of the Party " ( 2018 ) and " Ibiza " ( 2018 ) .	She also starred in the HBO television show " Girls " .	[]
( 2013 ) , " Walk of Shame " ( 2014 ) , " The Lookalike " ( 2014 ) , " Life Partners " ( 2014 ) , " Hot Tub Time Machine 2 " ( 2015 ) , " Visions " ( 2015 ) , " Do n't Think Twice " ( 2016 ) , and " Brother Nature " ( 2016 ) .	She appeared in many movies such as " Gardens of the Night " ( 2008 ) , " The Lookalike " ( 2014 ) , " Life Partners " ( 2014 ) , " Hot Tub Time Machine 2 " ( 2015 ) , " Do n't Think Twice " ( 2016 ) , " Brother Nature " ( 2016 ) , " Life of the Party " ( 2018 ) and " Ibiza " ( 2018 ) .	[]
The idea that the seafloor itself moves ( and also carries the continents with it ) as it expands from a central axis was proposed by Harry Hess from Princeton University in the 1960s .	The seafloor moves and carries continents with it . <SEP> The modern idea is that the ocean floor itself moves and carries the continents with it as it expands from a mid-ocean ridge .	[]

The first Soviet main battle tank was the T-64 ( the T-54/55 and T-62 were considered " medium " tanks ) and the first American nomenclature-designated MBT was the M60 Patton .

The first Soviet main battle tank was the T-64 and the first American MBT was the M60 Patton .

[]

By the late 1970s , MBTs were manufactured by China , France , West Germany , Britain , India , Italy , Japan , the Soviet Union , Sweden , Switzerland , and the United States .

By the late 1970s , MBT 's were manufactured by France , West Germany , Britain , India , Japan , the USSR , Sweden , Switzerland , and the United States .

[]

The peninsula 's area is approximately 47 km2 .

The size of Kowloon is about 47 square kilometres .

[]

The part of Kowloon south of Boundary Street , together with Stonecutters Island , was ceded by Qing China to the United Kingdom under the Convention of Peking of 1860 .

In law , Kowloon refers to the area south of Boundary Street and Stonecutters Island , leased to the United Kingdom by the Qing dynasty in 1860 .

[]

The part of Kowloon north of Boundary Street ( New Kowloon ) was leased by the British as part of the New Territories under the 1898 Second Convention of Peking for 99 years .

In 1898 , the Qing dynasty leased the New Territories to the United Kingdom for 99 years .

[]

" New Kowloon " has remained part of the New Territories .

New Kowloon , the area north of Boundary Street , is officially part of the New Territories .

[]

The name Kowloon stems from the term " nine dragons " , alluding to eight mountains and a Chinese emperor : Kowloon Peak , Tung Shan , Tate 's Cairn , Temple Hill , Unicorn Ridge , Lion Rock , Beacon Hill , Crow 's Nest and Emperor Bing of Song .

The name Kowloon means " nine dragons " ( 九 – nine , 龍 – dragon ) . <SEP> This refers to eight mountains and a Chinese emperor : Kowloon Peak , Tung Shan , Tate 's Cairn , Temple Hill , Unicorn Ridge , Lion Rock , Beacon Hill , Crow 's Nest and Emperor Bing ( Song Dynasty ) .

[]

Carsington Water is a reservoir operated by Severn Trent Water located between Wirksworth and Kniveton in Derbyshire , England .

Carsington Water is a massive reservoir operated by Severn Trent Water .

[]

It is England 's ninth largest reservoir with a capacity of 35,412 megalitres .

It is England 's ninth largest reservoir with a capacity of 35,412 megaliters .

[]

Planning for the reservoir started in the 1960s with actual construction starting in 1979 .

Planning for the reservoir started in the 1960s with actual construction staring in 1979 .

[]

In 1984 there was a partial collapse of the dam prior to its filling .

In 1984 there was a partial collapse of the dam .

[]

Aphids are small sap-sucking insects and members of the superfamily Aphidoidea .

Aphids are small bugs which feed on plants .

[]

About 5,000 species of aphid have been described , all included in the family Aphididae .

There are over 4,000 different species of aphid .

[]

Around 400 of these are found on food and fibre crops , and many are serious pests of agriculture and forestry , as well as an annoyance for gardeners .

About 250 species are serious pests for agriculture and forestry as well as an annoyance for gardeners .

[]

The ancient city was destroyed by the Roman Republic in the Third Punic War in 146 BC and then re-developed as Roman Carthage , which became the major city of the Roman Empire in the province of Africa .

The Roman Republic destroyed Carthage in the Punic Wars of the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC .

[]

The fall of Carthage came at the end of the Third Punic War in 146 BC at the Battle of Carthage .

This started the First Punic War . <SEP> The Romans destroyed Carthage in 146 BC , in the third Punic war .

[]

About 50,000 Carthaginians were sold into slavery .

The Carthaginians who survived , numbering about 50,000 , were sold into slavery .

[]

Fred Figglehorn ( stylised on webpage and on T-shirts as FЯED ) is a fictional character created and portrayed by American actor Lucas Cruikshank .

Fred Figglehorn is a fictional character made up by Lucas Cruikshank , a teenager from Columbus , Nebraska .

[]

Although Cruikshank voices Fred , the audio is digitally altered to sound higher-pitched than Cruikshank 's true voice .

Cruikshank makes his voice sound higher pitched for the Fred character .

[]

By April 2009 , the channel had over one million subscribers , making it the first YouTube channel to do so , and the most subscribed channel at the time .

By April 2009 , Fred 's YouTube subscription page had over one million subscribers , making him the most subscribed person on YouTube .

[]

The tropopause is the boundary in the Earth 's atmosphere between the troposphere and the stratosphere .

The tropopause is a boundary region in Earth 's atmosphere between the troposphere and the stratosphere . <SEP> To put it into even simpler words , the tropopause is the interferance between the troposphere and the stratosphere .

[]

Going upward from the surface , it is the point where air ceases to cool with height , and becomes almost completely dry .

Here the air ceases to cool at -56.5 ° C ( -70 ° F ) , and the air becomes almost completely dry .

[]

Most commercial aircraft are flown in the lower stratosphere , just above the tropopause , where clouds are usually absent , as are significant weather perturbations .

Most commercial aircraft are flown in the Tropopause .

[]

Philidor started playing regularly around 1740 at the chess Mecca of France , the Cafe ́ de la Re ́ gence .

Philidor started playing regularly about 1740 at the Parisian Cafe ́ de la Re ́ gence .

[]

It was also there that he famously played with a friend from ' New England ' , Benjamin Franklin .

It was there that he played with a friend from ' New England ' , Mr. Benjamin Franklin .

[]

In 1771 and 1773 , Philidor briefly stayed in London to play at the Salopian coffee house , Charing Cross and at the St. James Chess Club .

Philidor played chess at the Cafe ́ de la Re ́ gence in Paris , and at the Salopian Coffee-house and at Parsloe 's chess club in London .

[]

Artemis ( ; Greek : Artemis , ) , in the ancient Greek religion and myth , is the goddess of the hunt , the wilderness , wild animals , the Moon , and chastity .

Artemis is a goddess in Greek mythology . <SEP> Artemis is the goddess of hunting , wild animals and the wilderness .

[]

Artemis is the daughter of Zeus and Leto , and the twin sister of Apollo .

She is the daughter of Zeus and Leto . <SEP> She is the twin sister of Apollo .

[]

Hera was angry with her husband Zeus because he had impregnated Leto but the island of Delos disobeyed Hera and Leto gave birth there .

Hera , who was Zeus 's wife , discovered that Leto was pregnant and became very angry . <SEP> Leto found the island of Delos , which floated and so was not an island or mainland , and gave birth there .

[]

An account by Callimachus has it that Hera forbade Leto to give birth on either terra firma ( the mainland ) or on an island .

She banned Leto from giving birth on any mainland or island known .

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Aeneas was helped by Artemis , Leto , and Apollo .

Artemis helped Leto to give birth to Apollo .

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John Clive ( 6 January 1933 – 14 October 2012 ) was an English author and actor .

John Clive ( 6 January 1933 – 14 October 2012 ) was an English writer , actor and voice talent . <SEP> Clive was born on January 6 , 1933 in North London , England .

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Clive 's character acting has led him to appear in comic and serious roles in films , such as " The Italian Job " , " Yellow Submarine " , " The Pink Panther Strikes Again " , " A Clockwork Orange " and " The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles " .

Clive had important parts in the movies " Yellow Submarine " , " Carry on Board " , " Carry on Dick " , " The Gnomes of Dulwich " , " Tiffany Jones " , and " Clockwork Orange " .

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John Clive died after a short illness on 14 October 2012 in England , just under a quarter of the year short of his 80th birthday .

Clive died on October 14 , 2012 from a short illness in his home in England , aged 79 .

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Douglas Noel Adams ( 11 March 1952 – 11 May 2001 ) was an English author , screenwriter , essayist , humorist , satirist and dramatist .

Douglas Adams ( 11 March 1952 – 11 May 2001 ) was a British writer .

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Adams was author of " The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy " , which originated in 1978 as a BBC radio comedy before developing into a " trilogy " of five books that sold more than 15 million copies in his lifetime and generated a television series , several stage plays , comics , a video game , and in 2005 a feature film .

He is most famous for his " The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy " series .

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Adams was born on 11 March 1952 to Janet ( ne ́ e Donovan ; 1927 – 2016 ) and Christopher Douglas Adams ( 1927 – 1985 ) in Cambridge .

Adams was born in Cambridge .

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" The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy " was a concept for a science-fiction comedy radio series pitched by Adams and radio producer Simon Brett to BBC Radio 4 in 1977 .

In 1979 , he wrote a science fiction radio play called " The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy " .

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He also wrote , again with Chapman , 20 February 1977 episode of " Doctor on the Go " , a sequel to the " Doctor in the House " television comedy series .

He also wrote several sequels .

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Adams died of a heart attack on 11 May 2001 , aged 49 , after resting from his regular workout at a private gym in Montecito , California .

In 2001 , Adams died of a heart attack while he was working out at the gym in Montecito , California , United States .

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Walter Elias Disney ( ; December 5 , 1901December 15 , 1966 ) was an American entrepreneur , animator , voice actor and film producer .

Walter Elias Disney ( December 5 , 1901 - December 15 , 1966 ) was an American business magnate , animator , cartoonist , producer , screenwriter , entrepreneur , and voice actor .

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A pioneer of the American animation industry , he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons .

Disney was an important person in the American animation industry and throughout the world .

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After Disney 's death , his brother Roy deferred his retirement to take full control of the Disney companies .

Along with his brother Roy Disney , he was the founder of Walt Disney Productions .

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Disney was a heavy smoker throughout his life , and died of lung cancer in December 1966 before either the park or the EPCOT project were completed .

He died on December 15 , 1966 from lung cancer . <SEP> On December 15 , 1966 , Disney died of lung cancer in Burbank , California at the age of 65 .

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At the inauguration in 1971 , Roy dedicated Walt Disney World to his brother .

His brother Roy Disney inaugurated the Magic Kingdom in 1971 .

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Disney 's companies continue to produce successful film , television and stage entertainment .

His company continues to produce popular movies and entertainment every year .

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Disney received 59 Academy Award nominations , including 22 awards : both totals are records .

He received four honorary Academy Awards and won 22 Academy Awards from a total of 59 nominations , including a record four in one year .

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He also received four Emmy Award nominations , winning once , for Best Producer for the " Disneyland " television series .

Disney also won seven Emmy Awards .

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With Ub Iwerks , Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928 , his first highly popular success ; he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years .

He then created Mickey Mouse .

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The results , seen in features such as " Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs " ( 1937 ) , " Pinocchio " , " Fantasia " ( both 1940 ) , " Dumbo " ( 1941 ) , and " Bambi " ( 1942 ) , furthered the development of animated film .

Disney started the Walt Disney Studios and created the first full-length animated movie when he created " Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs " ( 1937 ) . <SEP> The money from the movie helped Disney create many more cartoons and movies such as " Fantasia , Pinocchio " ( both 1940 ) " , Dumbo " ( 1941 ) , and " Bambi " ( 1942 ) .

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New animated and live-action films followed after World War II , including the critically successful " Cinderella " ( 1950 ) and " Mary Poppins " ( 1964 ) , the latter of which received five Academy Awards .

New animated and live-action films followed after World War II , including the critically successful " Cinderella " ( 1950 ) , " Peter Pan " ( 1953 ) , and " Mary Poppins " ( 1964 ) , the latter of which received five Academy Awards .

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Charles Babbage , an English mechanical engineer and polymath , originated the concept of a programmable computer .

Others say the first computer was made by Charles Babbage . <SEP> Charles Babbage wanted to make a similar machine that could calculate .

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Babbage 's failure to complete the analytical engine can be chiefly attributed to political and financial difficulties as well as his desire to develop an increasingly sophisticated computer and to move ahead faster than anyone else could follow .

Because Babbage did not have enough money and always changed his design when he had a better idea , he never built his Analytical Engine .

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Computers are used as control systems for a wide variety of industrial and consumer devices .

Computers are used to control large and small machines which in the past were controlled by humans . <SEP> some are used to control machines .

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However , these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers .

Because of this , we say they were not programmable .

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During the first half of the 20th century , many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers , which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation .

In the first half of the 20th century , scientists started using computers , mostly because scientists had a lot of math to figure out and wanted to spend more of their time thinking about science questions instead of spending hours adding numbers together .

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In theoretical computer science and mathematics , the theory of computation is the branch that deals with how efficiently problems can be solved on a model of computation , using an algorithm .

The theory of computation is a branch of mathematics .

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Complexity theory considers not only whether a problem can be solved at all on a computer , but also how efficiently the problem can be solved .

If this is the case , then the question is to know if it can be solved in an efficient way .

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The field is divided into three major branches : automata theory and languages , computability theory , and computational complexity theory , which are linked by the question : " " What are the fundamental capabilities and limitations of computers ? " .

The first is computability theory .

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Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren ( ] ; ; 14 November 1907 – 28 January 2002 ) was a Swedish writer of fiction and screenplays .

Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren , born Astrid Ericsson , ( November 14 , 1907 - January 28 , 2002 ) was a famous Swedish writer .

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Lindgren was the daughter of Samuel August Ericsson ( 1875 – 1969 ) and Hanna Jonsson ( 1879 – 1961 ) .

Lindgren was the daughter of Samuel August Ericsson and Hanna Johnsson .

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She had two sisters , Stina and Ingegerd , and a brother , Gunnar Ericsson , who eventually became a member of the Swedish parliament .

She had two sisters . <SEP> Her brother , Gunnar Ericsson , was a member of the Swedish parliament .

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Upon finishing school , Lindgren took a job with a local newspaper in Vimmerby .

She finished the school and took a job with the a local newspaper in Vimmerby .

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She had a relationship with the chief editor , who was married and a father , and who eventually proposed marriage in 1926 after she became pregnant .

When she became pregnant with the chief editor 's child in 1926 , he proposed marriage .

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She declined and moved to the capital city of Stockholm , learning to become a typist and stenographer ( she would later write most of her drafts in stenography ) .

She did not accept , and moved to Stockholm , learning to become a typist and stenographer .

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In due time , she gave birth to her son , Lars , in Copenhagen and left him in the care of a foster family .

There she gave birth to her son Lars in Copenhagen and left him with another family to care for him .

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Astrid Lindgren grew up in Na ̈ s , near Vimmerby , Sma ̊ land , Sweden , and many of her books are based on her family and childhood memories and landscapes .

Astrid Lindgren grew up in Na ̈ s , near Vimmerby , Sma ̊ land , and many of her books are based on her family and childhood memories .

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The character Pippi Longstocking was invented to amuse her daughter while she was ill in bed .

However , Pippi Longstocking , her most famous character , was invented for her daughter Karin , who was , at the time , ill and had to stay in the bed .

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Although poorly paid , she saved whatever she could and traveled as often as possible to Copenhagen to be with Lars , often just over a weekend , spending most of her time on the train back and forth .

Although poorly paid , she saved whatever she could and travelled as often as possible to Copenhagen to be with Lars ; often just over a weekend , spending most of her time on the train back and forth .

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In 1932 she married her employer , Sture Lindgren ( 1898 – 1952 ) , who left his wife for her .

In 1931 she married her boss , Sture Lindgren ( 1898-1952 ) .

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Three years later , in 1934 , Lindgren gave birth to her second child , Karin , who would become a translator .

Three years later , in 1934 , Lindgren gave birth to her second child , Karin , who later became a translator .

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The family moved in 1941 to an apartment on , with a view over Vasaparken , where Lindgren remained until her death on 28 January 2002 at the age of 94 , having become blind .

The family moved in 1941 to an apartment on Dalagatan , with a view over Vasaparken , where Astrid lived until her death . <SEP> Astrid Lindgren died in 2002 , at the age of 94 .

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An electronic cigarette or e-cigarette is a handheld battery-powered vaporizer that simulates smoking by providing some of the behavioral aspects of smoking , including the hand-to-mouth action of smoking , but without burning tobacco .

An electronic cigarette ( or e-cigarette , e-cig ) is a cigarette substitute .

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There are e-liquids sold without propylene glycol , nicotine , or flavors .

The main substances making up in the liquid in the e-cigarettes are nicotine , propylene glycol , glycerin and some flavors or smells .

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Hon Lik , a Chinese pharmacist and inventor , who worked as a research pharmacist for a company producing ginseng products , is frequently credited with the invention of the modern e-cigarette .

The modern electronic cigarette was invented by Hon Lik ( regarded as the ' father of the electronic cigarette ' ) , a Chinese pharmacist and inventor .

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Lik quit smoking after his father , also a heavy smoker , died of lung cancer .

Hon had himself quit smoking , after his father , also a heavy smoker , had died of lung cancer .

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Hon Lik registered a patent for the modern e-cigarette design in 2003 .

Hon patented the modern e-cigarette design in 2003 , and starting selling it domestically .

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Many versions made their way to the US , sold mostly over the Internet by small marketing firms .

Many versions made their way to the U.S. , sold mostly over the Internet by small marketing firms .

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Many US and Chinese e-cigarette makers copied his designs illegally , so Lik has not received much financial reward for his invention ( although some US manufacturers have compensated him through out of court settlements ) .

However , many US and Chinese e-cig manufacturers copied his designs illegally , and as a result Hon Lik did not get the expected financial rewards for his invention ( although some US manufacturers have recompensated him through out of court settlements ) .

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They bought the largest e-cigarette companies .

Instead they bought smaller e-cig companies to enter the market .

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E-liquids usually contain propylene glycol , glycerin , nicotine , flavorings , additives , and differing amounts of contaminants .

The liquid used in e-cigs is commonly made of propylene glycol , glycerin , distilled water , artificial ( fake ) flavors and optionally nicotine .

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Magma that cools slowly within a magma chamber usually ends up forming bodies of plutonic rocks such as gabbro , diorite and granite , depending upon the composition of the magma .

When magma becomes solid it 's usually by cooling slowly , far below the surface . <SEP> This makes " plutonic " rocks such as granite .

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During a volcanic eruption the magma that leaves the underground is called lava .

When magma comes out from the ground in a volcano and it is still melted , it is called lava . <SEP> When magma is ejected by a volcano or other vent , the material is called lava .

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Lava cools and solidifies relatively quickly compared to underground bodies of magma .

Lava cools more quickly , and forms other kinds of rock such as basalt .

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Magma develops within the mantle or crust where the temperature and pressure conditions favor the molten state .

Magma originates in the lower part of the Earth ’ s crust and in the upper portion of the mantle .

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When magma cools it begins to form solid mineral phases .

Lava cools to form volcanic rock as well as volcanic glass .

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Magma can remain in a chamber until it cools and crystallizes forming igneous rock , it erupts as a volcano , or moves into another magma chamber.There are two known processes by which magma changes : by crystallization within the crust or mantle to form a pluton , or by volcanic eruption to become lava or tephra .

Large eruptions can nearly empty the magma chamber .

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Korematsu v. United States , 323 U.S. 214 ( 1944 ) , was a landmark United States Supreme Court case upholding the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II .

Korematsu v. United States 323 U.S. 214 ( 1944 ) , was a landmark United States Supreme Court .

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In the aftermath of Imperial Japan 's attack on Pearl Harbor , President Franklin D. Roosevelt had issued Executive Order 9066 in February 1942 , authorizing the War Department to create military areas from which any or all Americans might be excluded .

In February of 1942 , President Franklin Roosevelt issued Executive Order No. 9066 .

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Meanwhile , Fred Korematsu was a 23-year-old Japanese-American man who decided to stay at his residence in San Leandro , California , instead of obeying the order to relocate .

Fred Korematsu , a Japanese-American who was born in the United States , refused to comply with the order . <SEP> Fred Korematsu was a Japanese-American man who decided to stay in San Leandro , California and knowingly violated Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 of the U.S. Army .

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In a majority opinion joined by five other justices , Associate Justice Hugo Black held that the need to protect against espionage by Japan outweighed the rights of Americans of Japanese descent .

In the majority opinion by Justice Hugo Black , the Court ruled 6-9 that the need to protect the country from espionage outweighed the rights of Mr. Korematsu .

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No question was raised as to Korematsu 's loyalty to the United States .

Neither is there any question of his loyalty to the United States .

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With the issuance of Civilian Restrictive Order No. 1 on May 19 , 1942 , Japanese Americans were forced to move into relocation camps .

On May 19 , 1942 , during World War II , Japanese Americans were ordered to be move into relocation camps by Civilian Restrictive Order No. 1 , 8 Fed .

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Korematsu argued that Executive Order 9066 was unconstitutional and that it violated the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution .

Korematsu argued that the Executive Order 9066 was unconstitutional and that it violated the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution .

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He was arrested and convicted .

He was arrested , tried and convicted .

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Korematsu 's conviction was voided by a California district court in 1983 on the grounds that Solicitor General Charles H. Fahy had suppressed a report from the Office of Naval Intelligence that held that there was no evidence that Japanese Americans were acting as spies for Japan .

Korematsu 's conviction for evading internment was overturned in 1983 .

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She is known for portraying Britta Perry on the NBC / Yahoo !

She is known for playing Britta Perry on the NBC / Yahoo !

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Jacobs had a recurring role as Mimi-Rose Howard on the fourth season of the HBO series " Girls " and has appeared in films such as " Gardens of the Night " ( 2008 ) , " The Lookalike " ( 2014 ) , " Life Partners " ( 2014 ) , " Hot Tub Time Machine 2 " ( 2015 ) , " Do n't Think Twice " ( 2016 ) , " Brother Nature " ( 2016 ) , " Life of the Party " ( 2018 ) and " Ibiza " ( 2018 ) .

She also starred in the HBO television show " Girls " .

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( 2013 ) , " Walk of Shame " ( 2014 ) , " The Lookalike " ( 2014 ) , " Life Partners " ( 2014 ) , " Hot Tub Time Machine 2 " ( 2015 ) , " Visions " ( 2015 ) , " Do n't Think Twice " ( 2016 ) , and " Brother Nature " ( 2016 ) .

She appeared in many movies such as " Gardens of the Night " ( 2008 ) , " The Lookalike " ( 2014 ) , " Life Partners " ( 2014 ) , " Hot Tub Time Machine 2 " ( 2015 ) , " Do n't Think Twice " ( 2016 ) , " Brother Nature " ( 2016 ) , " Life of the Party " ( 2018 ) and " Ibiza " ( 2018 ) .

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The idea that the seafloor itself moves ( and also carries the continents with it ) as it expands from a central axis was proposed by Harry Hess from Princeton University in the 1960s .

The seafloor moves and carries continents with it . <SEP> The modern idea is that the ocean floor itself moves and carries the continents with it as it expands from a mid-ocean ridge .

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