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stringlengths 15
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split_0_train_30800 | split_0_train_30800 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30800_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"These results suggest that altered transcription of APP in AD is proportionately associated with Abeta peptide , may occur in the context of gliosis , and may contribute to Abeta deposition in sporadic AD ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
206
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]
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] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50058_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"APP"
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52,
55
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},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50059_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Abeta"
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97,
102
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{
"id": "split_0_train_50060_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Abeta"
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"offsets": [
[
173,
178
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30801 | split_0_train_30801 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30801_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Use of the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( DGGE ) method for mutational screening of patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia ( FH ) and Familial defective apolipoprotein B100 ( FDB ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
199
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50061_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apolipoprotein B100"
],
"offsets": [
[
170,
189
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30802 | split_0_train_30802 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30802_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Familial hypercholesterolaemia ( FH ) and Familial defective apolipoprotein B100 ( FDB ) are autosomal dominant inherited diseases of lipid metabolism caused by mutations in the low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) receptor and apolipoprotein B 100 genes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
251
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50062_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apolipoprotein B100"
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61,
80
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],
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},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50063_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"low density lipoprotein ( LDL ) receptor"
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"offsets": [
[
178,
218
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"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50064_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apolipoprotein B 100"
],
"offsets": [
[
223,
243
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30803 | split_0_train_30803 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30803_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"FH is clinically characterised by elevated concentrations of total cholesterol ( TC ) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL - C ) , presence of xanthomata and premature atherosclerosis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
194
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50065_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"low density lipoprotein"
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"offsets": [
[
90,
113
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50066_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"LDL"
],
"offsets": [
[
128,
131
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30804 | split_0_train_30804 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30804_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Both conditions are associated with coronary artery disease but may be clinically indistinguishable ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
101
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30805 | split_0_train_30805 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30805_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Seventy - two ( 72 ) FH patients were diagnosed based on the Simon Broome 's criteria ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
87
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30806 | split_0_train_30806 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30806_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Mutational screening was performed by polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) - denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( DGGE ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
124
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50067_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"polymerase"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30807 | split_0_train_30807 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30807_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Positive mutations were subjected to DNA sequencing for confirmation of the mutation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
86
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30808 | split_0_train_30808 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30808_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"We successfully amplified all exons in the LDL receptor and apo B100 genes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
76
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50068_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"LDL receptor"
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"offsets": [
[
43,
55
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50069_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apo B100"
],
"offsets": [
[
60,
68
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30809 | split_0_train_30809 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30809_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"DGGE was performed in all exons of the LDL receptor ( except for exons 4-3' , 18 and promoter region ) and apo B100 genes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
123
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50070_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"LDL receptor"
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"offsets": [
[
39,
51
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50071_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apo B100"
],
"offsets": [
[
107,
115
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30810 | split_0_train_30810 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30810_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"We have identified four different mutations in the LDL receptor gene but no mutation was detected in the apo B 100 gene ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
121
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50072_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"LDL receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
63
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50073_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apo B 100"
],
"offsets": [
[
105,
114
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30811 | split_0_train_30811 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30811_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The apo B100 gene mutation was not detected on DGGE screening as sequencing was not performed for negative cases on DGGE technique ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
132
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50074_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apo B100"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
12
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30812 | split_0_train_30812 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30812_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"To our knowledge , the C234S mutation ( exon 5 ) is a novel mutation worldwide ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
80
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30813 | split_0_train_30813 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30813_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The D69N mutation ( exon 3 ) has been reported locally while the R385W ( exon 9 ) and R716G ( exon 15 ) mutations have not been reported locally ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
146
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30814 | split_0_train_30814 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30814_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"However , only 4 mutations have been identified among 14 / 72 patients ( 19.4 % ) in 39 FH families ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
101
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30815 | split_0_train_30815 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30815_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Specificity ( 1 - false positive ) of this technique was 44.7 % based on the fact that 42 / 76 ( 55.3 % ) samples with band shifts showed normal DNA sequencing results ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
169
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30816 | split_0_train_30816 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30816_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"A more sensitive method needs to be addressed in future studies in order to fully characterise the LDLR and apo B100 genes such as denaturing high performance liquid chromatography ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
182
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50075_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"LDLR"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
103
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50076_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apo B100"
],
"offsets": [
[
108,
116
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30817 | split_0_train_30817 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30817_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"In conclusion , we have developed the DNA analysis for FH patients using PCR - DGGE technique ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
95
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30818 | split_0_train_30818 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30818_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"DNA analysis plays an important role to characterise the type of mutations and forms an adjunct to clinical diagnosis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
119
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30819 | split_0_train_30819 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30819_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"[ Functional dissociation between apelin receptor signaling and endocytosis : implications for the effects of apelin on arterial blood pressure ]"
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
145
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50077_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50078_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin"
],
"offsets": [
[
110,
116
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30820 | split_0_train_30820 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30820_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Apelin is a peptide involved in the regulation of body fluid homeostasis and cardiovascular functions , that was recently isolated as the endogenous ligand for the human orphan APJ receptor , a G protein - coupled receptor which shares 31 % amino - acid sequence identity with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
313
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50079_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Apelin"
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"offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50080_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"APJ receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
177,
189
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50081_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"G protein - coupled receptor"
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"offsets": [
[
194,
222
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50082_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"angiotensin II type 1 receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
281,
311
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30821 | split_0_train_30821 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30821_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The predominant molecular forms of apelin naturally occuring in vivo are apelin 36 , apelin 17 ( K17F ) and the pyroglutamyl form of apelin 13 ( pE13F ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
154
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50083_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin"
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"offsets": [
[
35,
41
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50084_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin 36"
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"offsets": [
[
73,
82
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50085_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin 17"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50086_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin 13"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
142
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30822 | split_0_train_30822 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30822_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"We investigated the structure - activity relationships of apelin at the rat apelin receptor , tagged at its C - terminal end with enhanced green fluorescent protein and stably expressed in CHO cells ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
200
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50087_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin"
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
64
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50088_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
91
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],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50089_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"green fluorescent protein"
],
"offsets": [
[
139,
164
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30823 | split_0_train_30823 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30823_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"We compared the abilities of N - and C - terminal deleted fragments of K17F ( KFRRQRPRLSHKGPMPF ) to bind with high affinity to the apelin receptor , to inhibit cAMP production and to induce apelin receptor internalization ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
224
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50090_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
132,
147
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50091_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
191,
206
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30824 | split_0_train_30824 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30824_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The first five N - terminal and the last two C - terminal amino acids of K17F were not essential for apelin binding or cAMP response ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
134
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50092_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin"
],
"offsets": [
[
101,
107
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30825 | split_0_train_30825 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30825_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"In contrast , deletion of the arginine in position 6 drastically decreased binding and cAMP response ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
102
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30826 | split_0_train_30826 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30826_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The full - length sequence of K17F was the most potent inducer of apelin receptor internalization because successive N - terminal amino - acid deletions progressively reduced internalization and the removal of a single amino acid , the phenylalanine in position 17 at the C - terminus of K17F abolished this process ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
317
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50093_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
66,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30827 | split_0_train_30827 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30827_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Thus , K16P binds with high affinity to the apelin receptor and strongly inhibits cAMP production , but does not induce apelin receptor endocytosis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
149
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50094_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
59
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50095_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
120,
135
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30828 | split_0_train_30828 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30828_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"These data indicate that apelin receptor signaling ( coupling to Gi ) and endocytosis are functionally dissociated , possibly reflecting the existence of several conformational states of this receptor , stabilized by the binding of different apelin fragments to the receptor ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
276
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50096_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
40
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50097_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Gi"
],
"offsets": [
[
65,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50098_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin"
],
"offsets": [
[
242,
248
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30829 | split_0_train_30829 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30829_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"We then investigated the consequences for biological activity of this functional dissociation by evaluating the effects of various apelin fragments , injected iv , on arterial blood pressure in normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
226
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50099_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin"
],
"offsets": [
[
131,
137
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30830 | split_0_train_30830 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30830_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"We showed that apelin fragments , that did not induce receptor internalization in vitro but kept their ability to activate receptor coupling to Gi , did not decrease arterial blood pressure ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
191
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50100_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin"
],
"offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50101_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Gi"
],
"offsets": [
[
144,
146
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30831 | split_0_train_30831 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30831_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Our data showed that hypotensive actions of apelin peptides correlate with the ability of those ligands to internalize ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
120
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50102_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
50
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30832 | split_0_train_30832 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30832_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Thus , the depressor response of apelin may be controlled by apelin receptor endocytosis , which is probably required for initiation of a second wave of signal transduction ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
174
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50103_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin"
],
"offsets": [
[
33,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50104_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
61,
76
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30833 | split_0_train_30833 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30833_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The development of biaised agonists of the apelin receptor capable of promoting only one specific signal transduction pathway may therefore offer new therapeutic avenues for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
217
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50105_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"apelin receptor"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
58
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30834 | split_0_train_30834 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30834_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Interaction of the regulatory subunit ( RII ) of cAMP - dependent protein kinase with RII - anchoring proteins occurs through an amphipathic helix binding motif ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
162
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50106_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"regulatory subunit ( RII ) of cAMP - dependent protein kinase"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
80
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50107_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"anchoring proteins"
],
"offsets": [
[
92,
110
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30835 | split_0_train_30835 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30835_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The type II cAMP - dependent protein kinase is localized to specific subcellular environments through the binding of the regulatory subunit ( RII ) dimer to RII - anchoring proteins ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
183
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50108_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"type II cAMP - dependent protein kinase"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
43
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50109_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"anchoring proteins"
],
"offsets": [
[
163,
181
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30836 | split_0_train_30836 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30836_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Computer - aided analysis of secondary structure , performed on four RII - anchoring protein sequences ( the microtubule - associated protein 2 , P150 , and two thyroid proteins Ht 21 and Ht 31 ) , has identified common regions of approximately 14 residues which display high probabilities of forming amphipathic helices ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
322
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50110_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"anchoring protein"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
92
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50111_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"microtubule - associated protein 2"
],
"offsets": [
[
109,
143
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50112_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Ht 31"
],
"offsets": [
[
188,
193
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30837 | split_0_train_30837 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30837_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The potential amphipathic helix region of Ht 31 ( Leu-Ile-Glu-Glu-Ala-Ala-Ser-Arg-Ile-Val-Asp-Ala-Val-Ile ) lies between residues 494 and 507 ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
143
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50113_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Ht 31"
],
"offsets": [
[
42,
47
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30838 | split_0_train_30838 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30838_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"A bacterially expressed 318 - amino acid fragment , Ht 31 ( 418 - 736 ) , containing the amphipathic helix region , was able to bind RII alpha ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
144
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50114_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Ht 31"
],
"offsets": [
[
52,
57
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50115_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RII alpha"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
142
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30839 | split_0_train_30839 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30839_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Site - directed mutagenesis designed to disrupt the secondary structure in the putative binding helix reduced binding dramatically ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
132
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30840 | split_0_train_30840 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30840_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Specifically , substitution of proline for Ala-498 significantly diminished RII alpha binding , and similar mutation of Ile - 502 or Ile-507 abolished interaction ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
164
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50116_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RII alpha"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
85
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30841 | split_0_train_30841 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30841_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Mutation of Ala-522 to proline , which is located outside the predicted amphipathic helix region , had no effect on RII alpha binding ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
135
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50117_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RII alpha"
],
"offsets": [
[
116,
125
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30842 | split_0_train_30842 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30842_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"These data suggest that anchoring proteins interact with RII alpha via an amphipathic helix binding motif ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
107
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50118_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RII alpha"
],
"offsets": [
[
57,
66
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30843 | split_0_train_30843 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30843_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Characteristics of binding of Escherichia coli serotype O157 : H7 strain CL-49 to purified intestinal mucin ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
109
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30844 | split_0_train_30844 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30844_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Purified rat intestinal mucin was used as a model mucin to study the binding of Escherichia coli serotype O157 : H7 , a human pathogen associated with outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
215
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50119_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"mucin"
],
"offsets": [
[
24,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50120_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"mucin"
],
"offsets": [
[
50,
55
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30845 | split_0_train_30845 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30845_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Of six O157 : H7 strains , only one strain ( designated CL-49 ) bound to rat ( and other ) intestinal mucins by a specific and saturable process ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
146
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30846 | split_0_train_30846 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30846_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Binding was observed only after the bacteria were serially passaged to promote the expression of type 1 pili ( fimbriae ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
123
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30847 | split_0_train_30847 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30847_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Several other type 1 - piliated E. coli strains , however , did not bind to mucin ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
83
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50121_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"mucin"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
81
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30848 | split_0_train_30848 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30848_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Binding of E. coli CL-49 was inhibited by D-mannose and short oligomannosyl derivatives , particularly Man-alpha-1,3-Man , Man-alpha-1,2-Man , and Man-alpha-1,3-Man-beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
195
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30849 | split_0_train_30849 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30849_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Other inhibitors of binding included p-nitrophenol ( 10(-4) M ) , heating at 60 degrees C ( to remove pili ) , an antibody to type 1 pili , and purified type 1 pili of E. coli CL-49 used as hapten inhibitors ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
209
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30850 | split_0_train_30850 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30850_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"A comparison of the hydrophobicity of piliated E. coli CL-49 with other type 1 - piliated E. coli strains indicated that the former strain was much more hydrophobic than the others ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
182
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30851 | split_0_train_30851 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30851_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"These findings indicate that highly purified intestinal mucins possess specific mannosyl receptor sites for bacterial type 1 pili on E. coli CL-49 , but that strong hydrophobic interactions between the mucin and the pili stabilize the mannose - dependent binding process ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
272
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50122_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"mucins"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
62
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50123_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"mucin"
],
"offsets": [
[
202,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30852 | split_0_train_30852 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30852_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"We speculate that the mucin receptors for type 1 pili reside in oligosaccharides of the 118 - kilodalton \" link \" glycopeptide , since this is the only mucin component known to contain mannose ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
194
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50124_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"mucin"
],
"offsets": [
[
22,
27
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50125_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"mucin"
],
"offsets": [
[
152,
157
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30853 | split_0_train_30853 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30853_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Nucleotide sequence and organization of Bacillus subtilis RNA polymerase major sigma ( sigma 43 ) operon ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
106
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50126_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RNA polymerase"
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
72
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50127_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma 43"
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30854 | split_0_train_30854 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30854_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The gene coding for Bacillus subtilis RNA polymerase major sigma 43 , rpoD , was cloned together with its neighboring genes in a 7 kb EcoRI fragment ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
150
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50128_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RNA polymerase"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
52
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50129_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma 43"
],
"offsets": [
[
59,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50130_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"rpoD"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
74
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50131_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"EcoRI"
],
"offsets": [
[
134,
139
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30855 | split_0_train_30855 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30855_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The complete nucleotide sequence of a 5 kb fragment including the entire rpoD gene revealed the presence of two other genes preceding rpoD in the order P23 - dnaE - rpoD ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
171
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50132_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"rpoD"
],
"offsets": [
[
73,
77
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50133_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"rpoD"
],
"offsets": [
[
134,
138
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50134_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"P23"
],
"offsets": [
[
152,
155
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50135_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"dnaE"
],
"offsets": [
[
158,
162
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50136_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"rpoD"
],
"offsets": [
[
165,
169
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30856 | split_0_train_30856 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30856_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The dnaE codes for DNA primase while the function of P23 remains unknown ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
74
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50137_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"dnaE"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50138_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"DNA primase"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
30
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50139_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"P23"
],
"offsets": [
[
53,
56
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30857 | split_0_train_30857 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30857_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The three genes reside in an operon that is similar in organization to the E. coli RNA polymerase major sigma 70 operon , which is composed of genes encoding small ribosome protein S21 ( rpsU ) , DNA primase ( dnaG ) , and RNA polymerase sigma 70 ( rpoD ) ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
257
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50140_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RNA polymerase"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
97
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50141_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma 70"
],
"offsets": [
[
104,
112
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50142_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"small ribosome protein S21"
],
"offsets": [
[
158,
184
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50143_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"rpsU"
],
"offsets": [
[
187,
191
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50144_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"DNA primase"
],
"offsets": [
[
196,
207
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50145_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"dnaG"
],
"offsets": [
[
210,
214
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50146_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RNA polymerase sigma 70"
],
"offsets": [
[
223,
246
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50147_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"rpoD"
],
"offsets": [
[
249,
253
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30858 | split_0_train_30858 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30858_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"There is a relatively high degree of base and amino acid homology between the DNA primase and sigma genes ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
107
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50148_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"DNA primase"
],
"offsets": [
[
78,
89
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30859 | split_0_train_30859 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30859_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The most significant differences between the two operons are observed in the molecular size of the first genes ( P23 and rpsU ) , the complete lack of amino acid homology between P23 and S21 , the molecular weights of the two rpoD genes , the size of the intercistronic region between the first two genes , and the regulatory elements of the operon ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
350
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50149_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"P23"
],
"offsets": [
[
113,
116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50150_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"rpsU"
],
"offsets": [
[
121,
125
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50151_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"P23"
],
"offsets": [
[
179,
182
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50152_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"S21"
],
"offsets": [
[
187,
190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50153_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"rpoD"
],
"offsets": [
[
226,
230
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30860 | split_0_train_30860 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30860_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Evidence that the transcriptional activator Spo0A interacts with two sigma factors in Bacillus subtilis ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
105
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50154_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
44,
49
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50155_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
82
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30861 | split_0_train_30861 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30861_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The transcriptional regulator Spo0A activates transcription from two types of promoters ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
89
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50156_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
30,
35
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30862 | split_0_train_30862 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30862_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"One type of promoter is used by RNA polymerase containing sigma A , whereas the other type is used by RNA polymerase containing sigma H ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
137
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50157_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RNA polymerase"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50158_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma A"
],
"offsets": [
[
58,
65
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50159_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RNA polymerase"
],
"offsets": [
[
102,
116
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50160_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma H"
],
"offsets": [
[
128,
135
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30863 | split_0_train_30863 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30863_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"There are Spo0A - binding sites near the - 35 region of both types of promoters ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
81
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50161_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30864 | split_0_train_30864 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30864_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"It has been reported that some transcriptional regulators that bind near the - 35 regions of promoters directly interact with the sigma subunit of RNA polymerase ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
163
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50162_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RNA polymerase"
],
"offsets": [
[
147,
161
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30865 | split_0_train_30865 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30865_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Therefore , we looked for evidence that Spo0A interacts with both sigma factors by searching for single amino acid substitutions in these factors that specifically prevent expression from Spo0A - dependent promoters , but that do not decrease activity of Spo0A - independent promoters ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
286
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50163_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
40,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50164_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
66,
79
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50165_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
188,
193
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50166_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
255,
260
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30866 | split_0_train_30866 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30866_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Two such amino acid substitutions were isolated in sigma A and one was isolated in sigma H ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
92
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50167_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma A"
],
"offsets": [
[
51,
58
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50168_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma H"
],
"offsets": [
[
83,
90
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30867 | split_0_train_30867 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30867_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The amino acid substitutions in sigma A prevented expression from the Spo0A - activated promoters , spoIIG and spoIIE , but expression was not impaired from the Spo0A - independent , sigma A - dependent promoter tms or from the Spo0A - activated , sigma H - dependent promoter , spoIIA ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
287
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50169_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma A"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50170_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
70,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50171_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"spoIIG"
],
"offsets": [
[
100,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50172_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"spoIIE"
],
"offsets": [
[
111,
117
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50173_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
161,
166
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50174_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma A"
],
"offsets": [
[
183,
190
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50175_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"tms"
],
"offsets": [
[
212,
215
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50176_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
228,
233
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50177_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma H"
],
"offsets": [
[
248,
255
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50178_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"spoIIA"
],
"offsets": [
[
279,
285
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30868 | split_0_train_30868 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30868_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The amino acid substitution in sigma H prevented expression from the spoIIA promoter but not from the Spo0A - independent promoter , citGp2 , which is used by sigma H - RNA polymerase ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
185
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50179_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma H"
],
"offsets": [
[
31,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50180_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"spoIIA"
],
"offsets": [
[
69,
75
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50181_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
102,
107
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50182_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"citGp2"
],
"offsets": [
[
133,
139
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50183_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma H"
],
"offsets": [
[
159,
166
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30869 | split_0_train_30869 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30869_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"All of these amino acid substitutions occur in the carboxyl terminus of the sigma factors ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
91
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50184_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
76,
89
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30870 | split_0_train_30870 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30870_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"These amino acid substitutions may define the sites of contact between the sigma factors and Spo0A ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
100
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50185_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50186_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
93,
98
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30871 | split_0_train_30871 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30871_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The ability of response regulators such as Spo0A to interact with multiple sigma factors may increase the variety of responses made by bacteria using a limited number of transcription factors ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
193
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50187_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
43,
48
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50188_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
75,
88
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50189_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"transcription factors"
],
"offsets": [
[
170,
191
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30872 | split_0_train_30872 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30872_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"A gene at 333 degrees on the Bacillus subtilis chromosome encodes the newly identified sigma B - dependent general stress protein GspA ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
136
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50190_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma B"
],
"offsets": [
[
87,
94
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50191_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"general stress protein"
],
"offsets": [
[
107,
129
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50192_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"GspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
130,
134
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30873 | split_0_train_30873 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30873_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"In Bacillus subtilis , general stress proteins ( Gsps ) are induced in response to different stresses ( heat , salt , or ethanol ) or after nutrient starvation ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
161
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50193_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"general stress proteins"
],
"offsets": [
[
23,
46
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50194_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Gsps"
],
"offsets": [
[
49,
53
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30874 | split_0_train_30874 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30874_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The majority of the genes for the Gsps are organized in a very large stationary - phase or stress regulon which is controlled by alternative sigma factor sigma B ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
163
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50195_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Gsps"
],
"offsets": [
[
34,
38
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50196_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma factor"
],
"offsets": [
[
141,
153
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50197_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma B"
],
"offsets": [
[
154,
161
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30875 | split_0_train_30875 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30875_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The most striking spots on Coomassie - stained two - dimensional gels belong to GsiB and GspA , which are synthesized at extremely high levels in response to different stresses ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
178
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50198_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"GsiB"
],
"offsets": [
[
80,
84
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50199_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"GspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
89,
93
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30876 | split_0_train_30876 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30876_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Therefore , we determined the N - terminal protein sequence of GspA , which exhibited total identity to a hypothetical 33.5 - kDa protein of B. subtilis encoded by open reading frame 2 ( ipa-12d ) in the sacY - tyrS1 intergenic region ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
236
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50200_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"GspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
63,
67
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50201_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sacY"
],
"offsets": [
[
204,
208
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50202_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"tyrS1"
],
"offsets": [
[
211,
216
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30877 | split_0_train_30877 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30877_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The GspA - encoding gene gspA and the upstream and downstream regions were cloned with the aid of the PCR technique ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
117
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50203_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"GspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50204_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"gspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
25,
29
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30878 | split_0_train_30878 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30878_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"By primer extension experiments , one sigma B - dependent promoter immediately upstream of the coding region was identified ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
125
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50205_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma B"
],
"offsets": [
[
38,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30879 | split_0_train_30879 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30879_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"A putative factor - independent terminator closely followed the coding region ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
79
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30880 | split_0_train_30880 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30880_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"By Northern ( RNA ) blot analysis , a 0.95 - kb transcript was detected which indicates a monocistronic transcriptional unit ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
126
]
]
}
] | [] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30881 | split_0_train_30881 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30881_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The gspA mRNA was strongly induced by different stimuli like heat or salt stress and starvation for glucose ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
109
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50206_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"gspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30882 | split_0_train_30882 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30882_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Analysis of RNA isolated from a sigma B deletion mutant revealed that the transcription of gspA is sigma B dependent ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
118
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50207_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma B"
],
"offsets": [
[
32,
39
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50208_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"gspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
91,
95
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50209_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"sigma B"
],
"offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30883 | split_0_train_30883 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30883_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Insertional inactivation of the B. subtilis chromosomal gspA gene confirmed that the gspA gene is not essential for either vegetative growth or growth under the influence of different stresses ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
194
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50210_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"gspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
56,
60
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50211_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"gspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
85,
89
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30884 | split_0_train_30884 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30884_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"In gspA mutant cells , the level of flagellin was increased severalfold over that in wild - type cells ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
104
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50212_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"gspA"
],
"offsets": [
[
3,
7
]
],
"normalized": []
},
{
"id": "split_0_train_50213_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"flagellin"
],
"offsets": [
[
36,
45
]
],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30885 | split_0_train_30885 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30885_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Phosphorylation of Spo0A activates its stimulation of in vitro transcription from the Bacillus subtilis spoIIG operon ."
],
"offsets": [
[
0,
119
]
]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50214_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Spo0A"
],
"offsets": [
[
19,
24
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] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30886 | split_0_train_30886 | [
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] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30887 | split_0_train_30887 | [
{
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"text": [
"In vivo expression of the spoIIG promoter is activated shortly after the onset of sporulation and is dependent on kinA , spo0F , spo0B and spo0A genes ."
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] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30888 | split_0_train_30888 | [
{
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"text": [
"The products of these genes have been shown to participate in a phosphorelay reaction in vitro , culminating in phosphorylation of the transcription factor , Spo0A ."
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] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30889 | split_0_train_30889 | [
{
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"text": [
"The effect of Spo0A phosphorylation on in vitro transcription from the spoIIG promoter was determined ."
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] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30890 | split_0_train_30890 | [
{
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"text": [
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155,
160
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30891 | split_0_train_30891 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30891_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Our results provide biochemical evidence that Spo0A and the phosphorelay form a signal transduction pathway which activates spoII gene expression in development ."
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] | [
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46,
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] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30892 | split_0_train_30892 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30892_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
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72,
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30893 | split_0_train_30893 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30893_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"The expression of the Bacillus subtilis spoIVB gene , which encodes a developmental cell - cell signalling molecule , has been characterized ."
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"spoIVB"
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40,
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30894 | split_0_train_30894 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30894_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"In some conditions , this gene can be transcribed by RNA polymerase associated with either sigma F or sigma G , in contrast to previous studies implying exclusive control by sigma G ."
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174,
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}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30895 | split_0_train_30895 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30895_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"However , during sporulation , only sigma G directs significant levels of spoIVB expression ."
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0,
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}
] | [
{
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"text": [
"spoIVB"
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74,
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30896 | split_0_train_30896 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30896_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"A feedback loop regulates the switch from one sigma factor to the next in the cascade controlling Bacillus subtilis mother cell gene expression ."
],
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0,
145
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}
] | [
{
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"text": [
"sigma factor"
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46,
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],
"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30897 | split_0_train_30897 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30897_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Regulation of gene expression in the mother cell compartment of sporulating Bacillus subtilis involves sequential activation and inactivation of several transcription factors ."
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0,
176
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}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50241_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"transcription factors"
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153,
174
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"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30898 | split_0_train_30898 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30898_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"Among them are two sigma factors , sigmaE and sigmaK , and a DNA - binding protein , SpoIIID ."
],
"offsets": [
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0,
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]
}
] | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_50242_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
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19,
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{
"id": "split_0_train_50243_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
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{
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"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"SpoIIID"
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85,
92
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"normalized": []
}
] | [] | [] | [] |
split_0_train_30899 | split_0_train_30899 | [
{
"id": "split_0_train_30899_passage",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"A decrease in the level of SpoIIID is thought to relieve its repressive effect on transcription by sigmaK RNA polymerase of certain spore coat genes ."
],
"offsets": [
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0,
150
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]
}
] | [
{
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"type": "progene_text",
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27,
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{
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"type": "progene_text",
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99,
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{
"id": "split_0_train_50248_entity",
"type": "progene_text",
"text": [
"RNA polymerase"
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106,
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] | [] | [] | [] |