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This study aimed to survey the patterns of cannabinoi
d
product use among patients with laryngeal dystonia/vocal
tremor as well as their perspectives of the efficacy of
cannabinoid products in treating their vocal condition
This research study defines cannabinoid products or
cannabinoids as products or substances derived from the
cannabis plant, including but not limited to Marijuana,
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) products, and cannabidiol
products (CBD)
Accepted for publication May 10, 2023
Journal of Voice, Vol xx, No xx, pp
xxx–xxx
0892-1997
© 2023 The Voice Foundation
Published by Elsevier Inc
All rights reserved
https ://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.05.006 From the *Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los
Angeles, California; †Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology,
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and the ‡Caruso Department of
Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los
Angeles, California
Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]
Downloaded for Anonymous User (n/a) at McMaster University from ClinicalKey.com by Elsevier on September 08,
2023
For personal use only
No other uses without permission
Copyright ©2023
Elsevier Inc
All rights reserved
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board
of the University of Southern California (UP-21-00354)
This study used a cross-sectional survey methodology uti-
lizing a responsive questionnaire composed of eight pri-
mary questions
This electronic survey was developed using
skip logic, presenting varied questions depending on the
participant’s responses
The survey was created and hosted
on REDCap, and distributed through the Dysphonia
International (formerly the National Spasmodic
Dysphonia Association) email listserv, a collection of ap-
proximately 5000 emails belonging to patients, doctors,
and other healthcare professionals
The survey collected
responses from December 29, 2021, to November 1, 2022
Participants were provided an informed consent instruc -
tional text before starting the survey
Participants
To be eligible to participate, participants required a diag-
nosis of spasmodic dysphonia or laryngeal dystonia, vocal
tremor, and/or muscle tension dysphonia
To answer the
survey in its entirety, participants must have reported using
a cannabinoid product at least once in the past to manage
their vocal symptoms specifically
Participants who had not
tried a cannabinoid product at least once to treat their
voice symptoms were ineligible to answer the remaining
questions regarding cannabinoid use
Participation was
voluntary and anonymous
Survey structure, content, and data collection
The survey was composed of eight questions as well as an
additional general comments box
The survey used
branching conditional logic to guide participants through
the questionnaire
The question format included multiple-
choice, multiple-select, and open-ended written response
Participants who selected a response of “other” on any
question were offered a short answer write-in text box for
clarification
The first question asked participants if they
had ever used cannabinoid products (Marijuana, THC
products, CBD products) to treat their voice condition
If a
participant selected “no”, the survey would close but would
allow for participants to provide write-in responses in the
general comment box
All other participants would be
guided through the remaining seven primary questions with
additional secondary subsections and clarification ques -
tions contingent on their responses
These participants
were also able to provide write-in responses in the general
comments box at the end of the survey
A facsimile of the
survey can be reviewed in the supplementary section of this
study (Supplementary 1)
Bar graphs were created to reflect the number of re-
sponses for multiple-choice and multiple-select formatted
questions
Write-in responses were reviewed for common
motifs and coded for overall themes to reflect the various perspectives of the participant responses
Quotations were
selected that best represented the coded themes
Demographic information was collected to gauge the
diversity and overall composition of the sample popula -