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Which Golfer is known as 'Mrs Doubtfire'?	Golf Today's A to Z of Golf: Nicknames of golfers, past and present Nicknames of golfers, past and present A Aquaman Woody Austin: he fell in a lake on the follow-through from a difficult lie on the bank during the 2007 Presidents Cup B Babe Mildred Ella Didrikson Zaharias: hugely gifted all-round sportwoman, called 'Babe' (from Babe Ruth) after hitting five home runs in a baseball game. 41 LPGA wins, including ten majors (four of them won as an amateur). Big Easy Ernie Els: because he's big, and makes it look so easy. Big Fijian Tough one, this. It's Vijay Singh. Because he's big (1m88, 94kg) too, and he's from Fiji. Big Mama JoAnne Carner: winner of 43 LPGA titles, including two US Women's Opens - a tall, powerful woman. Big Wiesy Michelle Wie: tall, willowy and with effortless length, ie a sort of female Ernie Els. Black Knight, The Gary Player: South African legend, famous for wearing black, supposedly to help him absorb the sun's energy. Boo Thomas Brent Weekley, a keen hunter and woodsman (from Boo Boo Bear, cartoon character friend of Yogi Bear) Boom Boom Fred Couples: a reference to his immense power off the tee. Boss of the Moss Loren Roberts: one of the finest putters in the game. Buffalo Bill Billy Casper: prolific winner of tournaments from the 50's to early 70s, including two US Opens and a Masters. Fought a lifelong battle with his weight, and ate buffalo meat and organic vegetables to try and keep it down. Bulldog Corey Pavin : a reference to his gritty, determined, never-give-up playing style, rather than his slight, short-hitting physique. Won the 1995 US Open with a memorable 4-wood to 5 feet on the final hole. C Champagne Tony Tony Lema: winner of the 1964 Open Championship. Aquired the name after promising champagne to the press if he won the Orange County Open in 1962 (he did). Died aged 32 in 1966 when his plane ran out of fuel and crashed onto a golf course. Chippie Paul Lawrie: 1999 Open Champion, for his enviable short game, developed as a child by chipping balls into a small gravel circle in which stood the rotating clothes line on which his mother hung the washing. Chocolate Soldier Henry Picard: American winner of the Masters and US PGA, contemporary of Sam Snead and Ben Hogan. "Pick" to his friends, he was head pro at the Hershey Country Club in the 1930s, whence the nickname. Also called the "Hershey Hurricane". Choke, The Scott Hoch: unforgiving reference to his habit of challenging for, but losing major titles, including missing two 2-3 foot putts in the 1989 Masters which ultimately gave Nick Faldo the title. Chucky Three Sticks Charles Gordon Howell III: as in I, I and I... D Doc Gil Morgan: successful US pro (7 PGA and 25 Champuions Tour wins, who is also a qualified Doctor of Optometry. Double D Former world number one David Duval. Duffy James Joseph Waldorf, Jr: four-time PGA Tour winner and wine connaisseur, with a taste in flamboyant shirts and golf balls decorated by his children. El Gato Eduardo Romero: Spanish for cat - the Argentine has a feline way of stalking around his shots. El Niño Sergio Garcia : first came on tour as a brash teenager and had a 'whirlwind' style on the course. F Frank Urban Zoeller: from his initials F.U.Z. Winner of the Masters amd the US Open. G Ben Crenshaw: ironic reference to his fierce temper, despite angelic looks. Giant, The Craig Smith: to date, his main claim to fame is being the world's tallest touring professional at 6ft 8in (2m.03). Golden Bear Jack Nicklaus - from his blond hair, large frame, aggressive golf and large fortune earned in golf and business. Goose, The Retief Goosen - enough said, although strictly speaking the nickname is linguistically incorrect, as his name is pronounced 'Hersen' in his native Afrikaans. Great White Shark Greg Norman, big, blond, Australian former world no. 1. Ironically, despite the nickname and his prodigious number of tournament victories around the world, he is arguably more famous for the major championships he failed to win than for those (2 Open Championships) he won. H Haig, The Walter Hagen : also called "Sir Walter" - golf's first superstar. He won eleven of what are now called the majors (before the Masters existed); only Jack Nicklaus and Tiger Woods have more. Did much to change the perception of professional golfers and their status in golf. Halimoney Hal Sutton: the 2004 (losing) US Ryder captain has three ex-wives. Hawk, The Ben Hogan: probably for his ability to intimidate opponents with his skills, but also his icy stare and stony silence as he went about his game. Possibly the greatest ball-striker of all time (definitely the best, according to Jack Nicklaus). Huckleberry Dillinger Early nickname for Tom Watson (who comes from Kansas City, Missouri), because his innocent looking, smiling face belied a killer instinct in his golf. I (Wee) Ice Mon Ben Hogan: name given to Hogan by admiring Scots after his (only appearance and victory) in the Open Championship at Carnoustie. Also called "Bantam Ben", for his lightweight, yet powerful build. J Mark James: (losing) 1999 European Ryder Cup captain, after the US outlaw. Jumbo Masashi 'Junbo' Ozaki is a large man in a country of generally smaller men, and immensely long off the tee. In the late 80s and 90s he was frequently in the Official World Golf Ranking top ten. K King, The Arnold Palmer: to millions of adoring fans (Arnie's Army) he was simply the King, the most popular golfer of all time, who did much to create the modern game and its huge following, with his swashbuckling golf style and charismatic personality. L Lefty Phil Mickelson: not very original, although strangely he is right-handed in everything else, having started golf by copying his father's swing like a mirror-image, hence the left-handedness). Lumpy Tim Herron: given to him when he was 15 and working at a golf course by his colleagues, on account of his unstructured body shape. M Machine, The Gene Littler: from his technically perfect, beatiful golf swing. Name also applied to Ben Hogan, although his swing was more mechanical in its flawlessness. Mechanic, The Miguel Angel Jimenez: the Spaniard loves to tinker with high-performance cars (in partiucular his own Ferrari), having spent six months working in a garage before he became a professional golfer. Merry Mex Lee Trevino: although American, he had Mexican roots. From his habit of wisecracking throughout a round, even sometimes on his backswing. Probably a way of controlling his own nerves, and likely also a gamesmanship tactic against his opponents. As his career blossomed, "Merry Mex" evolved into "Supermex". Miss 59 Annika Sorenstam, who shot the only 59 ever on the LPGA Tour in the second round of the 2001 Standard Register Ping tournament over the par-72 Moon Valley Country Club in Phoenix. Her personalised Callaway golf balls have '59' stamped on them. Monty Affectionate, not very original name for Colin Montgomerie, eight time European Order of Merit winner. Also sometimes called 'Mrs Doubtfire' in America, after the Robin Williams film character, but this is best said out of his hearing. N O Ohio Fats Jack Nicklaus: name given to him by 'Arnie's Army' (fans of Arnold Palmer) in the early to mid-60s when he was a young pretender knocking 'The King' off his throne . Nicklaus came from Columbus, Ohio and was overweight when he went on Tour, although he slimmed down in the late 60s. P Kim Mi-Hyun, successful Korean LPGA player, only 5ft 1 and small with it. Pink Panther Paula Creamer: pink is her trademark, from her clothing to her hair ribbon, golf ball, club grips and bag. Pink Panther Jesper Parnevik: the eccentric Swede has an individual dress sense and was freqently seen in various shades of pink. Popeye Craig Parry, after the cartoon character with huge forearms. R Radar Mike Reid, US PGA pro, for his straight driving (and possibly a passing resemblance to the character from the MASH TV series). Radar Wayne Riley, Australian pro turned Sky TV on-course commentator. Named after 'Radar' O'Riley from MASH. Robopro Bob Estes : term coined by US commentator and pro Gary McCord, in reference to his mechanical, wooden swing and dour demeanour. S Scientist, The Robert Karlsson: the Swede acquired this sobriquet for his extremely analytical and technical spproach to the game. Shrek Louis Oosthuizen: the gap-toothed South African 2010 Open Champion at St Andrews is thought by friends to resemble the animated cinema ogre. By the way, 'Louis' is not his birth name - his passport states 'Lodewicus Theodorus Oosthuizen, after his grandfather. Slammin' Sam Samuel Jackson Snead: seven time major winner anmd to this day holder of the most PGA Tour titles record with 82, and almost as many elsewhere in the world. Possessed a wonderfully elegant, smooth, effortless swing, which genereated enormous power and distance, hence the nickname. Slow Motion Don January: PGA Tour player from the 50s into the 70s who won 10 titles, including the 1967 US PGA Championship, with a swing, gait and manner that was always slow and smooth. Smallrus, The Kevin Stadler: Son of 1982 Masters Champion Craig, Kevin is - minus the facial hair - a dead ringer for his Dad, The Walrus . Smiling Assassin Shigeki Maruyama : fine Japanese pro with a permanent smile, whatever he's doing or how he's playing. Spaceman Jesper Parnevik: the name his fellow PGA pros give him - presumably because he's a little 'extra-terrestrial' (he used to eat volcanic dust as a dietary supplement). Squire, The Gene Sarazen: of Italian extraction, Eugenio Saraceni had a very gentlemanly manner, was very elegant in plus fours and a owned large country estate in the US. He won seven majors and is won of only five men to have won all four modern major titles. T (KJ) Choi Kyung -ju: a power lifter in his youth, short and very powerfully built. Tiger Eldrick Tont Woods: given the name by his father Earl in memory of a Vietnamese soldier friend, Vuong Dang Phong, whom Earl had also nicknamed 'Tiger'. 'Tont' is a traditional Thai name, given by Tiger's Thai mother, Kultida. Tower, The Isao Aoki, hugely succesful player in the 1970s and 80s, now in the World Golf Hall of Fame, a winner on the Champions Tour and a TV analyst, who at 6ft is a tall man in Japan. Reached no. 3 in the World Rankings in 1980. U	Colin Montgomerie
Which Boxer was known as 'The Brockton Blockbuster'	Separated at Birth: Pro Golfers and Their Celebrity Look-Alikes \| Golf.com © 2014 Ti Golf Holdings Inc. All Rights Reserved. Separated at Birth: Pro Golfers and Their Celebrity Look-Alikes Miguel Angel Jimemez and Predator? Graham DeLeat and 'More Cowbell'? That's right -- it's time for a new 'Separated at Birth.' Check out these photos to discover more celebrity look-alikes for pro golfers. Jordan Spieth and Friday Night Light's Coach Taylor Young Tom Watson and Game of Thrones' Theon Greyjoy. USGA Executive Director Mike Davis and Wallace Shawn as Vizzini in "The Princess Bride." Game of Thrones' Tyrion Lannister and Rickie Fowler. Bud Cauley and Lupdan the Leprechaun Natalie Gulbis and Tara Reid Steve Bowditch and former Soviet Union Premier Leonid Brezhnev Francisco Molinari and Gomez Addams Belen Mozo and Penelope Cruz Tom Watson and Alfred E. Newman Patrick Reed and the Kool-Aid Guy Ben Crane and Howie Mandel Tom Kite and Bill Lumbergh from Office Space Jason Dufner and Nacho Libre Henrik Stenson and Kevin Bacon Greg Norman and Woody Harrelson Phil Mickelson and Emilio Estevez Keegan Bradley and Eddie Munster Nick Watney and Gary Busey Rory McIlroy and Caravaggio's Medusa Ian Poulter and Young Rod Stewart Nick Faldo and Harrison Ford Louis Oosthuizen and Shrek Brandt Snedeker and Larry Bird Justin Rose and Frodo Baggins Aaron Baddeley and Javier Bardem Webb Simpson and Owen Wilson Rickie Fowler and Zac Effron Brendon de Jonge and Danny McBride (or Kenny Powers) Frank Lickliter III and "Stone Cold" Steve Austin Luke Donald and Neil Patrick Harris Jim Furyk and Mr. Burns Geoff Ogilvy and actor Jake Gyllenhaal Charley Hoffman and Jeff Daniels as Harry Dunne Bernhard Langer and singer Michael Bolton Former Chairman of Augusta National William W. "Hootie" Johnson and former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld. Colin Montgomerie and Bill Parcells Tiger Woods and professional poker player Phil Ivey Scott Hoch and Jack Nicholson as "The Joker" Zach Johnson and actor Joaquin Phoenix Paul Azinger and Grateful Dead singer/guitarist Bob Weir Paul Lawrie and Mr. Magoo Jim Furyk and Sam the Eagle from The Muppets. Gary Player and actor George Hamilton Mike "Fluff" Cowan and actor Wilford Brimley Colin Montgomerie and Mrs. Doubtfire Previous	i don't know
Which olympic swimmer was known as 'Eric the Eel'?	London 2012 Olympics: how Eric 'the Eel' Moussambani inspired a generation in swimming pool at Sydney Games - Telegraph London 2012 Olympics: how Eric 'the Eel' Moussambani inspired a generation in swimming pool at Sydney Games Eric Moussambani Malonga can remember the precise moment his life - and his name - changed forever. Image 1 of 2 Great lengths: Eric 'the Eel' Moussambani during the 100m freestyle heats at the Sydney Aquatic Centre in 2000 Photo: EPA Image 1 of 2 Man in charge: Eric 'the Eel' Moussambani, who came to global recognition in the Sydney Olympic pool, is now coaching the Equatorial Guinea swimming team By Jennifer O’Mahony 11:00PM BST 27 Jul 2012 It was an April morning in 2000 and the 22 year-old was listening to the radio at his home in his native Malabo, the ramshackle capital city of Equatorial Guinea. Over the airwaves, a message crackled out: would members of the public who wanted to try for a place in the national Olympic swimming squad please make themselves known. Moussambani’s ear pricked up: he was not even a member of a club, let alone the national team, but still he vowed to attend the trials. He was the only one who bothered and so, by default, he was selected for the Sydney Games: it was the first in a chain of perfect coincidences in the life of the man now known the world over as Eric the Eel. From then until his appearance in Australia, Moussambani was on his own. “My preparation was very poor because I did not have a coach,” he recalls. “I was training by myself, in the river and the sea. My country did not have a competition swimming pool, and I was only training at the weekends, for two hours at a time. I didn’t have any experience in crawl, breaststroke, or butterfly. I didn’t know how to swim competitively. “The first time I swam in the sea I was 12 years old and was on vacation in my mother’s village. My first time in a swimming pool was on May 6 2000 in the Hotel Ureca swimming pool.” Related Articles Payne ready to take plunge 26 Jul 2012 Moussambani landed in Sydney just months later, after a gruelling three-day journey. “I felt so good when I arrived in Sydney; it was amazing. I was happy being at the Olympics , because it was a new experience for me. We arrived early in the morning, at around 5am, after travelling from Malabo to Libreville (Gabon) to Paris to Hong Kong and on to Sydney.” Moussambani did not have to achieve a qualifying standard because of a wildcard draw to encourage developing countries to send athletes to the Games, and his lone trajectory was further accelerated when the two other swimmers in his 100m freestyle heat were disqualified for false starts. That just left Eric, alone and unprepared on an Australian starting block and facing the first 50m pool he had ever seen in his life, surrounded by TV crews and 17,000 spectators. Everyone knows what happens next. The 1min 52.72sec thrash through the pool, with Moussambani’s legs askew and arms slapping through the water, captivated the world. Dressed in an ordinary pair of Speedo-style swim trunks, he could not have contrasted more with the sleek ease and amphibian spandex of the other competitors. The pause after his awkward somersault and push off after his first length, when no one was sure if the Eel would make it, saw the world collectively hold its breath. He recalls the noise of the crowd spurring him on. “I felt that I was important because I was representing my country. I was also nervous, due to the fact that I had never seen so many people and TVs. I remember that when I was swimming, I could hear the crowd, and that gave me strength to continue and complete the 100 metres, but I was already tired. It was my first time in an Olympic swimming pool.” He finished, drawing out the last couple of metres into an agonising wait, and propped himself up on the pool side, exhausted and taking in the noise he could only half hear in the water. After the hype of the talk shows and interviews died down, Eric went home. Now 33, he is an IT engineer and coaches the national swimming team. Equatorial Guinea now has an Olympic-length swimming pool, which opened in February, and he works with the team four times a week. Eric has cut his own 100m freestyle time down to 57 seconds. “I have been the national coach of the swimming team in Equatorial Guinea for six months,” he says, “On a normal day, I wake up at 5am, jog or run three kilometres, then I take a shower, have breakfast and then go to work. “I work from 8am to 5pm. I coach my swimmers on Tuesdays, Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdays, from 6pm to 10pm.” Moussambani was always active as a child, but his family sometimes struggled for money to buy him any equipment. “I grew up in Malabo with my mother and sisters. When I was a child I used to play football, volleyball, and basketball, but I wasn’t good at any of them. I also liked cycling, but my mother never bought me a bicycle, because at that time it was too expensive. I used to borrow them from my friends.” Life now is easier, with an income from one of the many American petroleum companies that have flocked to the tiny West African nation since oil and gas reserves began to be exploited on a large scale in the 1990s. However, Moussambani is realistic that the odds against his country’s team are insurmountable when competing with the world’s sporting powerhouses. “It is not easy for me to educate or coach the national swimming team in Equatorial Guinea. There is a lot of work to do, and we are still need training materials to be truly successful.” In 2000, Eric the Eel reminded us of an era when all competitors were amateurs, and coaches, sponsorship and uniforms were yet to feature as mandatory accessories to success. In the hyper-professionalised world of sport in 2012, he remains a reminder of the power of the novice to inspire hope in the lives of the ordinary.	Eric Moussambani
Which footballer was given the name 'El Pibe de Oro' (The Golden Boy)?	'Eric the Eel' dreams of Olympic return - CNN.com 'Eric the Eel' dreams of Olympic return By James Montague, CNN Updated 9:00 AM ET, Tue July 31, 2012 Chat with us in Facebook Messenger. Find out what's happening in the world as it unfolds. Photos: What happened to Eric the Eel? Eel communication – "Eric the Eel" became something of an Olympic hero when he swam at the 2000 Sydney Olympics. His time of one minute 52.72 seconds in the 100 meters freestyle was the worst in Olympic history. Hide Caption 1 of 9 Photos: What happened to Eric the Eel? Calm before the storm – Eric Moussambani hails from Equatorial Guinea in west Africa. He replied to an advert on the radio looking for swimmers and was promptly told he was going to the Games despite having never seen an Olympic-sized pool before. Hide Caption 2 of 9 Photos: What happened to Eric the Eel? Take off – His two opponents in the heat were disqualified for false starts. Moussambani, who had learned his technique from the American swim team in the two days before the race, set off on his own as the crowd cheered. Hide Caption 3 of 9 Photos: What happened to Eric the Eel? Eric the Eel vs. the pool – The reason that Moussambani could swim at Sydney was because the International Olympic Committee gives out a limited number of wild cards to developing nations. Hide Caption 4 of 9 Photos: What happened to Eric the Eel? A new Olympic record... – Moussambani struggled but eventually finished the race. It wasn't enough to qualify for the next round but the record books still show that he technically won his one and only Olympic race. Hide Caption 5 of 9 Photos: What happened to Eric the Eel? Hero worship – Eric's swim became world news and he became something of a hero for his gutsy, if flawed, swim. Hide Caption 6 of 9 Photos: What happened to Eric the Eel? Later that day... – There was one other swimmer from Equatorial Guinea at Sydney. Paula Barila Bolopa swam in the women's 50 meters freestyle and also came last in a record time of one minute 3.93 seconds. It was twice the previous worst time in the event. Hide Caption 7 of 9 Photos: What happened to Eric the Eel? Trevor the Tortoise – Since Eric's infamy, the world's press has been on the look for similar anomalies at major championships. One of the best known is Trevor Misipeka from American Samoa, dubbed "Trevor the Tortoise." He was penciled in for the shotputt, but an administrative error meant that he had to compete in the 100 meters sprint, which he did in 14.28 seconds. Hide Caption 8 of 9 Photos: What happened to Eric the Eel? The new Eel? – Despite the IOC keeping a closer eye on its wild cards, London 2012 has had its own "Eric the Eel" moment. Rower Hamadou Djibo Issaka of Niger finished in last place in a single sculls repechage, 100 seconds behind his nearest rival. He has acquired his own animal-themed nickname: "The Sculling Sloth." Hide Caption CNN talks to Eric Moussambani, better known as "Eric the Eel" Equatorial Guinea athlete became a worldwide celebrity for the worst swim ever He finished 100 meters freestyle heat at Sydney 2000 in double the world record time Now 34, Moussambani is hoping to return to the Olympics at Rio in 2016 The English commentator veered from disbelief to anger and then, finally, to mirth. It was the opening heat of the men's 100 meters freestyle swimming at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, but only one man was standing on his block: Eric Moussambani from Equatorial Guinea, a tiny, oil-rich state in west Africa. There had been two other swimmers to compete with -- one from Niger, the other from Tajikistan -- but both had jumped the gun, dived in to the pool and been disqualified. The crowd cheered, the gun fired and the 22-year-old dived in. Suddenly he was on his own. What followed was one of the most memorable two minutes in Olympic history, one that would embody something far away from the podiums that honor the motto of the modern Games: "Faster, higher, stronger." During the first 50 meters Moussambani appeared to be holding his own, but by the turn things had gone very wrong. At one point he appeared to stop, treading water to catch his breath before continuing. Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – The countdown to the start of the opening ceremony is projected across the stands while the Royal Air Force aerobatic team, the Red Arrows, flies over the Olympic Stadium. The opening ceremony of the London 2012 Olympic Games was held on Friday, July 27. Check out photos from the closing ceremony. Hide Caption 1 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Spectators take shelter under umbrellas prior to the start of the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – A man wearing glasses waits for the start of the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – A balloon flies over spectators prior to the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Spectators wait under the rain before the ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – The Red Arrows fly over Olympic Stadium before the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 6 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – A robotic camera captures an overview of the Olympic Stadium at the start of the London 2012 Opening Ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Performers prepare for the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 8 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – The Red Arrows fly over the Olympic Stadium and the ArcelorMittal Orbit Tower. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Danny Boyle, the London 2012 artistic director, addresses the audience. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – The Red Arrows disappear over London ahead of the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 11 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Bradley Wiggins, the first British winner of the Tour De France cycle race, waves to the audience. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – A young performer holds a balloon bearing the Olympic rings. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – A young performer holds a balloon. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists take the field for the meadow scene. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists arrive before the start of the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fans take photos as cows are lead across the stadium floor. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists arrive in a horse and carriage. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Actors perform during the British meadow scene. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Performers depict a view of the English countryside. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Performers depict a view of the English countryside. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Cricketers play on the pitch during the preshow. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Actors perform during the British meadow scene. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – The London Symphony Orchestra performs during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 26 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – A general view of the inside of the stadium during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 27 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Prince William and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, at the start of the London 2012 Olympics opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – General view taken during a scene of The Age of Industry. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Huge chimneys emerge from the ground to symbolize the industrial revolution. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – An inflatable yellow submarine floats above artists. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Inflatable yellow submarines float above artists during The Age of Industry scene. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Spectators watch the Opening Ceremony of the London 2012 Olympic Games. Hide Caption 33 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, attends the opening ceremony of the London 2012 Olympic Games on Friday. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – A general view of Olympic Stadium during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Actors perform during the British meadow scene during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Kenneth Branagh performs as Isambard Kingdom Brunel. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists perform as the sun sets in the background. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – The sun sets behind performers. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Drummers dressed in period garb perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Performers drum during the Opening Ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Drummers during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Actors perform during the industrial revolution scene. Hide Caption 44 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – A general view of the Opening Ceremony of the London 2012 Olympic Games. Hide Caption opening ceremonies 28 – The Olympic rings form. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 47 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremonyv – The Olympic rings are assembled above the stadium in a scene depicting the Industrial Revolution. Hide Caption 48 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Freshly "forged" Olympic Rings fly above the chimneys during The Age of Industry scene. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Olympic rings are assembled. Hide Caption 50 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – An actor dressed to resemble Britain's Queen Elizabeth II parachutes into the stadium. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – People wave Union flags during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists dressed in costumes perform. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Performers with jetpacks take part in the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 54 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – An actor dressed to resemble Britain's Queen Elizabeth II parachutes into the stadium during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 55 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Queen Elizabeth II, right, and Jacques Rogge, president of the International Olympic Committee, attend the ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Actors and dancers play Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital staff and patients. Hide Caption 57 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Performers from the GOSH, Great Ormond Street Hospital, perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 58 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – An artist flies over children and nurses during the Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital scene. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Actors perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Dancers perform in the GOSH and NHS scene. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Children perform a song. Hide Caption 62 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Giant puppets depicting Lord Voldemort, center, from the Harry Potter books and the Child Catcher from "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" swirl around the stage in the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Lord Voldemort looms over the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Spectators wearing 3-D glasses during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – An artist performs during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – General view taken as actors perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 67 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Giant pictures depicting villains of British literature, including Captain Hook from "Peter Pan," are displayed during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 68 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – An actor dressed as Mary Poppins performs in the GOSH and NHS scene. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Performers float with umbrellas as they play the role of Mary Poppins. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – General view taken as actors perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Dancers perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 72 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – British actor Rowan Atkinson in his role as Mr. Bean plays in the orchestra. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – A broad view of the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Performers dance to British music spanning the decades. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – A general view of the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – An artist performs with a glowing pacifier during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 78 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – A performer in a giant ball is passed around during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 79 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Dancers perform under a "setting sun" in a scene dramatizing the struggle between life and death. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – General view of performers during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Dancers perform in a scene dramatizing the struggle between life and death. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Performers dance during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists perform during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – A parachutist lands outside the Olympic Stadium. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Artists wearing wings and riding bicylces perform during the ceremony. Hide Caption 88 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – The Olympic stadium lit up in red and blue during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Members of the Australia team parde into the stadium. Hide Caption 90 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Members of Brazil's delegation hold their national flag as they walk during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Simon Whitfield of the Canada Olympic triathlon team carries his country's flag. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Canadian athletes enter the stadium. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Chinese athletes enter the stadium. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Croatia's delegation parades during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Athletes parade during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Members of India's delegation parade in the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 97 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – A member of India's delegation takes a picture as he parades during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Ali Mazaheri of the Iran Olympic boxing team carries his country's flag. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Members of Iran's delegation parade during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Usain Bolt leads the Jamaican Olympic team around the stadium. Hide Caption 101 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Reigning Olympic men's 100-meter and 200-meter champion Usain Bolt of Jamaica carries his country's flag. Hide Caption 102 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – An image of Jamaica's track star Usain Bolt, currently the world's fastest man, is projected on The Houses of Parliament in London. Hide Caption 103 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Natascha Keller of the German Olympic hockey team carries her country's flag during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Song-Chol Pak of the North Korea Olympic team carries his country's flag. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Athletes parade during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Philippine Van Aanholt, an independent Olympic athlete, parades during the opening ceremony Hide Caption 107 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Mariel Zagunis of the United States Olympic fencing team carries her country's flag. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fencer Mariel Zagunis leads the U.S. Olympic team around the stadium. Hide Caption 109 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – An image of British Olympic champion Jonathan Edwards is projected on the Houses of Parliament . Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Members of the Britain's delegation parade wave. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – British spectators cheer as they attend the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks explode from the top of Tower Bridge. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks go off from Tower Bridge. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks light up Tower Bridge. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks are displayed at Tower Bridge. Hide Caption 116 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – David Beckham passes under Tower Bridge driving a speedboat named "Max Power," which carries the Olympic Torch. Hide Caption 117 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Torchbearer Sir Steve Redgrave hands the Olympic flame over to the seven young athletes who represent Britain's hopes for the next Olympics. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – The young athletes carry the Olympic glame. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – The Olympic flame is carried into the stadium. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – The Olympic flame burns in the cauldron. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – The Olympic flame is seen in the stadium during the ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Participants look on as the Olympic flame burns in the cauldron. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks over the Olympic Stadium. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks burst above the stadium during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks cast a purple glow over the Olympic Stadium. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks explode from the stadium roof. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks ignite over the Olympic Stadium. Hide Caption 128 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – People cheer as they watch the opening ceremony on an outdoor screen at Piccadilly Circus. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks light up the Olympic Stadium and the night sky. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks over the Olympic Stadium. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks illuminate the sky in a fiery rainbow of color. Hide Caption 132 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks go off over the Olympic Stadium at the official opening of the 2012 Games. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Danny Boyle, the director of the opening ceremony, reacts to the show. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks form a fiery ring over the Olympic Stadium. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – General view as fireworks illuminate the sky during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks are let off over the Olympic stadium Hide Caption Olympics: Opening ceremony – Sir Paul McCartney performs during the opening ceremony. Hide Caption 138 of 139 Photos: Olympics: Opening ceremony Olympics: Opening ceremony – Fireworks light up the sky during the opening ceremony. Check out photos from the closing ceremony. Hide Caption Photos: Chinese athletes to look out for Photos: Chinese athletes to look out for Liu Xiang, hurdler – Liu Xiang will aim for his second gold medal in London's Olympic Games when he runs the 110-meter hurdles. Hide Caption 1 of 7 Photos: Chinese athletes to look out for Sun Yang, swimmer – Swimmer Sun Yang aims to be the first Chinese male to win gold in his sport. Hide Caption 2 of 7 Photos: Chinese athletes to look out for Li Na, tennis player – Tennis star Li Na will compete in the singles tournament in her final Olympic appearance. Hide Caption 3 of 7 Photos: Chinese athletes to look out for Lin Dan, badminton player – Lin Dan, four-time world champion, will represent China in the sport of badminton. Hide Caption 4 of 7 Photos: Chinese athletes to look out for Zhang Jike, table tennis player – Zhang Jike hopes to score big in China's "national ball game" when he competes in table tennis. Hide Caption 5 of 7 Photos: Chinese athletes to look out for Ren Cancan, boxer – Ren Cancan, three-time world boxing champ, needs to beat five-time world champion Mary Kom of India to take Olympic gold. Hide Caption 6 of 7 Photos: Chinese athletes to look out for Guo Ailun, basketball player – Guo Ailun will be calling shots as the point guard for China's men's basketball team. Hide Caption Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre The Munich massacre – On September 5, 1972, the world woke up to images of the Munich Olympics in the throes of a hostage crisis. Two Israeli athletes had been killed and nine taken hostage by members of Black September, a Palestinian terrorist movement demanding the release of political prisoners by the Israeli government. Hide Caption 1 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre Munich 1972 begins – Forty years ago, the Munich Olympics had begun full of hope. Coming just 27 years after the end of World War II, it gave the new, democratic West Germany a chance to present a different face to the world. Hide Caption 2 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre A poignant return – It was particularly poignant for the Israeli Olympic team, many of whom had suffered directly at the hands of the Nazis. The team marked their arrival with a visit to the Dachau concentration camp. Hide Caption 3 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre A relic from the past – But there were still remnants of the past. Hitler's favorite movie maker and propagandist Leni Riefenstahl is pictured here at the Olympic stadium. Hide Caption 4 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre Under siege – In a rush to show a demilitarized Germany, security around the Olympic village was lax. On September 4 the terrorist group entered the village and overpowered the Israelis. One was shot dead immediately while a second was killed soon after. Hide Caption 5 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre Crowds gather for news – A tense standoff followed as Black September demanded the release of 200 political prisoners. The Israeli government refused to negotiate. The German authorities, who had no dedicated anti-terrorist response unit, floundered as the terrorists' deadline approached. Hide Caption 6 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre The end game – The remaining nine hostages were killed in a botched rescue mission. It later emerged that the German authorities had committed a series of blunders during the attempted rescue. Hide Caption 7 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre Munich continues – The world, and the terrorists, had watched the crisis unfold live on TV. Many wanted the Games to be canceled, but the IOC refused. Competition restarted after a one day pause. Hide Caption Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre Israeli athletes leave – The remaining Israeli athletes and officials returned home. Hide Caption Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre The return home – The coffins of the dead athletes and officials followed with them. Hide Caption 10 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre The mission – Only three of the terrorists survived. Two were later killed, allegedly by Israeli intelligence in an operation to avenge the massacre. The mission was dramatized in the Steven Spielberg film "Munich." Only one is known to be alive today, Jamal al Gashey (right). Hide Caption 11 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre The survivor – Shaul Ladany survived the massacre. He was a champion Olympic walker who had also survived the Holocaust as a child. Hide Caption 12 of 13 Photos: The 1972 Munich massacre A moment for the dead? – After Munich he became an academic and spent two spells in the Israeli military. At 76 years old he still walks 15 kilometers every day. He is baffled as to why the IOC refused a one-minute silence for the Israeli dead at London 2012's opening ceremony. Hide Caption 1 of 10 Photos: Runway to running track: Fashion at the Olympics The best: Prada and the Italian sailing team – World-renowned Italian fashion house Prada was a natural choice to design these understated and simple uniforms for the Italian sailing team. Hide Caption 2 of 10 Photos: Runway to running track: Fashion at the Olympics The best: Cedella Marley, Puma and Jamaica – Of all the designers involved in London 2012, Cedella Marley's collaboration with Puma has perhaps garnered the most praise. The granddaughter of reggae legend Bob Marley has created outfits that radiate laidback, urban cool. Of course, it helps that Usain Bolt is wearing them. Hide Caption 3 of 10 Photos: Runway to running track: Fashion at the Olympics The best: Next and Team GB formalwear – Moderate high-street chain Next designed the Team GB formalwear for Friday's opening ceremony, where the host squad will be paraded in front of their home crowd for the first time. Hide Caption 4 of 10 Photos: Runway to running track: Fashion at the Olympics The best: Ermanno Scervino and Azerbaijan – Lesser-known Italian fashion house Ermanno Scervino describes itself as "a luxurious glam-rock essence made in Florence." These designs for the Azerbaijan squad will go some way to putting the former Soviet republic on the map during the Games. Hide Caption 5 of 10 Photos: Runway to running track: Fashion at the Olympics The best: Ralph Lauren and U.S. formalwear – Controversy erupted when it emerged the Ralph Lauren-designed U.S. kit had been manufactured in China. Despite the outsourced production, the New Yorker's creations are quintessentially American. Hide Caption 6 of 10 Photos: Runway to running track: Fashion at the Olympics The worst: Bosco Sport and Spain – The uniforms that Russian designers Bosco Sport created for the Spain's Olympians are so dreadful that the athletes have taken to social-networking website Twitter to express their displeasure. Hockey player Alex Fabregas uploaded a picture of himself clad in his new gear with the caption: "Olympic kit ... there are no adjectives." Hide Caption 7 of 10 Photos: Runway to running track: Fashion at the Olympics The worst: Bosco Sport and Russia – Bosco Sport can't seem to catch a break, this time grabbing attention of the wrong kind for its retina-scalding designs for the Russian athletes. Hide Caption 8 of 10 Photos: Runway to running track: Fashion at the Olympics The worst: Slovakia – It is unclear who designed the Slovakian team's uniforms -- although who wouldn't want to retain anonymity after creating those fedoras? Hide Caption	i don't know
Willie John McBride is associated with which sport?	Willie John: A rugby legend - BBC Sport BBC Sport Willie John: A rugby legend By Gavin Andrews From the section Rugby Union Share this page Media playback is not supported on this device Willie John McBride captained the Lions in 1974 It started with a phone call. "Hello, could I speak to Willie John McBride please?" Speaking. "Hello Willie John McBride." Oh dear, how do you talk to a legend? You can't just call him Willie John like an old team-mate, can you? "It's Gavin from the BBC here, would you be free to meet for a chat about the Lions in 1974?" "Yes. Tomorrow afternoon at my house about 2 o'clock Ok." That went well, big deep breath. Then came the drive up the lane to the McBride family home in Ballyclare. It was easier to say hello in person. Still, I kept it to Mr McBride. A firm handshake and a welcome into the living room. He sat back in his armchair (if he still smoked a pipe I imagined he would have lit it). "Well, what would you like to talk about?" "You," I replied. Rugby memorabilia was dotted around the room. Photos and mementos from journeys to far off frontiers with Ireland and the Lions. Willie John has an aura about him. At 74 he is still a big man, broad, a presence. After a few pleasantries, it was time for the pitch. "Mr McBride, we would like to tell your story to our generation; to the rugby fans who have known nothing but the modern game - World Cups, Six Nations and professional players. We want to show the days with no substitutions, and when a Lions tour lasted four months....and in your words." He paused and started talking. Two hours of anecdotes later, we sat with eyes wide and mouths open. It was time to ask: "Would you do a bit of filming with us and tell us some of those stories?" The diary came out of his back pocket. I'm free next Thursday. We were underway! McBride's playing record stands favourable comparison with any of the greats of the game What immediately struck me was the importance of his upbringing in Moneyglass, near Toomebridge in County Antrim. Growing up on the family farm, he lost his father at four years of age. "That's something that still wakes me up now and again. I often wonder what it might have been like to have had a father over those years," he said. "I had three brothers and a sister on the farm and my wonderful mother was a tremendous manager. I like to think she taught us proper values in life. "I believe those years gave me not only a strength, but mentally it gave me that will to go on. There was no such thing as stopping at half-time; you had to go the whole way." There was no rugby history in the McBride family. A house match at Ballymena Academy at the age of 17 would change that, "They came to me and said, you're a big guy. If you play we'll have 15. I hadn't a clue about this game, but I was big and it wasn't a problem to me, I could shake people off." After a short spell with Randalstown, he moved to Eaton Park and Ballymena Rugby Club where the myth of Willie John was born. His playing record stands with any of the greats of the game. Almost 20 years of service with Ulster, 63 caps for Ireland (1962-75) and five tours with the then British Lions. The series wins in New Zealand in 1971 and South Africa in 1974 have gone down in sporting folklore; not only for the manner of those wins but for the style of play of the tourists. 'Willie John' traces the highs and lows of life as an international sportsman in an amateur era. In the making of this programme there was a long list of greats, from every era, eager to give their impressions of the man from Moneyglass. Cue more awkward phone calls! But just mention the name Willie John and they all made time. Sir Ian McGeechan went on his first Lions tour with Willie John in South Africa in '74, "I still think of him as my captain. Willie John was probably the biggest natural leader of British and Irish rugby in the 70s, when it was the best in the world. He was somebody that gave inspiration and aspiration for players of the time that it put British rugby at a different level. Without him I not sure that would have happened." Paul O'Connell, a fellow Ireland and Lions captain said: "Any player who's been to New Zealand and won a Test series deserves the upmost respect. He's up there with Brian O'Driscoll as one of Ireland's greatest players." The programme also examines the struggles Willie John faced off the pitch. As an Ulsterman captaining Ireland in 1973, during the troubles, he was the subject of death threats. And security was stationed at the McBride family home. In 1974 he became embroiled in a political storm. The Lions captain would shoulder the burden for his team in the face of opposition to their tour of Apartheid South Africa. In this programme we meet his family, his team-mates, his critics and of course his opponents on the field. From the lifelong friendships of the Lions team of '74, to Ravenhill and the farm where he grew up, we examine the making of a legend. Gareth Edwards, recognised as one of the greatest players of all time, was a team-mate in '71 and '74 and summed up Willie John. "WJ McBride will always be synonymous with the great game of rugby and in particular with the British and Irish Lions. It's been a pleasure to have played alongside him, it's been a great pleasure to have known him. Without question, he's not only a fine rugby player, he's a great gentleman. " So how do you speak to a legend? Well you get over it! After six months I can now call him Willie John. Tentatively.	Rugby union
What type of animal was World Cup Willie, the 1966 Football World Cup mascot?	Willie John: A rugby legend - BBC Sport BBC Sport Willie John: A rugby legend By Gavin Andrews From the section Rugby Union Share this page Media playback is not supported on this device Willie John McBride captained the Lions in 1974 It started with a phone call. "Hello, could I speak to Willie John McBride please?" Speaking. "Hello Willie John McBride." Oh dear, how do you talk to a legend? You can't just call him Willie John like an old team-mate, can you? "It's Gavin from the BBC here, would you be free to meet for a chat about the Lions in 1974?" "Yes. Tomorrow afternoon at my house about 2 o'clock Ok." That went well, big deep breath. Then came the drive up the lane to the McBride family home in Ballyclare. It was easier to say hello in person. Still, I kept it to Mr McBride. A firm handshake and a welcome into the living room. He sat back in his armchair (if he still smoked a pipe I imagined he would have lit it). "Well, what would you like to talk about?" "You," I replied. Rugby memorabilia was dotted around the room. Photos and mementos from journeys to far off frontiers with Ireland and the Lions. Willie John has an aura about him. At 74 he is still a big man, broad, a presence. After a few pleasantries, it was time for the pitch. "Mr McBride, we would like to tell your story to our generation; to the rugby fans who have known nothing but the modern game - World Cups, Six Nations and professional players. We want to show the days with no substitutions, and when a Lions tour lasted four months....and in your words." He paused and started talking. Two hours of anecdotes later, we sat with eyes wide and mouths open. It was time to ask: "Would you do a bit of filming with us and tell us some of those stories?" The diary came out of his back pocket. I'm free next Thursday. We were underway! McBride's playing record stands favourable comparison with any of the greats of the game What immediately struck me was the importance of his upbringing in Moneyglass, near Toomebridge in County Antrim. Growing up on the family farm, he lost his father at four years of age. "That's something that still wakes me up now and again. I often wonder what it might have been like to have had a father over those years," he said. "I had three brothers and a sister on the farm and my wonderful mother was a tremendous manager. I like to think she taught us proper values in life. "I believe those years gave me not only a strength, but mentally it gave me that will to go on. There was no such thing as stopping at half-time; you had to go the whole way." There was no rugby history in the McBride family. A house match at Ballymena Academy at the age of 17 would change that, "They came to me and said, you're a big guy. If you play we'll have 15. I hadn't a clue about this game, but I was big and it wasn't a problem to me, I could shake people off." After a short spell with Randalstown, he moved to Eaton Park and Ballymena Rugby Club where the myth of Willie John was born. His playing record stands with any of the greats of the game. Almost 20 years of service with Ulster, 63 caps for Ireland (1962-75) and five tours with the then British Lions. The series wins in New Zealand in 1971 and South Africa in 1974 have gone down in sporting folklore; not only for the manner of those wins but for the style of play of the tourists. 'Willie John' traces the highs and lows of life as an international sportsman in an amateur era. In the making of this programme there was a long list of greats, from every era, eager to give their impressions of the man from Moneyglass. Cue more awkward phone calls! But just mention the name Willie John and they all made time. Sir Ian McGeechan went on his first Lions tour with Willie John in South Africa in '74, "I still think of him as my captain. Willie John was probably the biggest natural leader of British and Irish rugby in the 70s, when it was the best in the world. He was somebody that gave inspiration and aspiration for players of the time that it put British rugby at a different level. Without him I not sure that would have happened." Paul O'Connell, a fellow Ireland and Lions captain said: "Any player who's been to New Zealand and won a Test series deserves the upmost respect. He's up there with Brian O'Driscoll as one of Ireland's greatest players." The programme also examines the struggles Willie John faced off the pitch. As an Ulsterman captaining Ireland in 1973, during the troubles, he was the subject of death threats. And security was stationed at the McBride family home. In 1974 he became embroiled in a political storm. The Lions captain would shoulder the burden for his team in the face of opposition to their tour of Apartheid South Africa. In this programme we meet his family, his team-mates, his critics and of course his opponents on the field. From the lifelong friendships of the Lions team of '74, to Ravenhill and the farm where he grew up, we examine the making of a legend. Gareth Edwards, recognised as one of the greatest players of all time, was a team-mate in '71 and '74 and summed up Willie John. "WJ McBride will always be synonymous with the great game of rugby and in particular with the British and Irish Lions. It's been a pleasure to have played alongside him, it's been a great pleasure to have known him. Without question, he's not only a fine rugby player, he's a great gentleman. " So how do you speak to a legend? Well you get over it! After six months I can now call him Willie John. Tentatively.	i don't know
In which TV show would you find the character Groundskeeper Willie?	Groundskeeper Willie (Character) Groundskeeper Willie (Character) from "The Simpsons" (1989) The content of this page was created by users. It has not been screened or verified by IMDb staff. There may be more photos available for this character. To select more photos to be displayed in this character's gallery, click the Edit Photos link. Overview William "Willie" MacDougal, more commonly known as Groundskeeper Willie... See more » Alternate Names: Groundskeeper WIllie / Groundskeeper Willy / Park Groundskeeper / Shelbyville Groundskeeper Filmography [Skinner watches as Willie burns Bart's lice-infested clothes] Groundskeeper Willie : See you in hell, you wingless bloodsuckers! Principal Skinner : What kind of parents would permit such a lapse in scalpal hygiene? Groundskeeper Willie : Well, you better check out his sister. She could be rife with them bugs too!	The Simpsons
Which band had a UK number four hit in June 1972 with Little Willy?	Willie's Views On Scottish Independence \| Season 26 \| THE SIMPSONS - YouTube Willie's Views On Scottish Independence \| Season 26 \| THE SIMPSONS Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Sep 12, 2014 Groundskeeper Willie has a few things to say prior to the Sept 18 Scottish elections. Subscribe now for more The Simpsons clips: http://fox.tv/SubscribeAnimationDomin... See more of The Simpsons on our official site: http://fox.tv/TheSimpsons Like The Simpsons on Facebook: http://fox.tv/Simpsons_FB Follow Homer on Twitter: http://fox.tv/Homer_Twitter Follow The Simpsons on Twitter: http://fox.tv/TheSimpsonsTW Add The Simpsons on Google+: http://fox.tv/TheSimpsonsPlus Watch full episodes of The Simpsons: http://fox.tv/WatchSimpsons Like Animation Domination on Facebook: http://fox.tv/AnimationDomination_FB Check out Animation Domination's Official Site: http://fox.tv/AnimationDomination Like FOX on Facebook: http://fox.tv/FOXTV_FB Follow FOX on Twitter: http://fox.tv/FOXTV_Twitter Add FOX on Google+: http://fox.tv/FOXPlus THE SIMPSONS – the longest-running scripted show in television history – is a cultural institution. Intelligently written, subversively humorous and delightfully witty, THE SIMPSONS, now in its historic 26th season, continues to poke fun at itself and everything in its wake. Willie's Views On Scottish Independence \| Season 26 \| THE SIMPSONS	i don't know
Which Willie, satirist and co-founder of Private Eye, died on 11th December 1996?	Heritage: Comic, cartoonist and Private Eye founder Willie Rushton - the greatest satirist of them all - Heritage - Hampstead Highgate Express Email this article to a friend To send a link to this page you must be logged in. As a boy Willie Rushton cut his teeth drawing illustrations for the school publication. Later, in 1961, along with his childhood contemporaries, he established the satirical magazine Private Eye. Often dressed as if he was heading off on a fishing jolly, he secured a place in the nation’s heart as a brilliant, original and witty performer. On screen, each week, alongside the late Sir David Frost, he entertained audiences in excess of 13 million on That Was The Week That Was (TW3). According to Who’s Who his recreations included, “gaining weight, losing weight and parking”. Appearing on Desert Island Discs – with what Michael Palin described as his “famous crusty colonel voice” – he admitted to being “frankly terrified” by the prospect of a plane crash, leaving him “alone on a beach with 600 plastic lunches” as company. At a literary lunch hosted by The Oldie he once quipped, “Where would we be without a sense of humour? (Very slight pause) Germany!”. But he is, perhaps, remembered most fondly for his 22 years as an irreplaceable team member on BBC Radio 4’s I’m Sorry I Haven’t a Clue. Sitting alongside his dear friend and stand-up partner, Barry Cryer, he would have fans in stitches playing the enigmatic game of Mornington Crescent, where a plaque was installed – inside the station – as a fitting tribute in 2002. William George [Willie] Rushton (1937–1996), cartoonist, comedian and author, was born on August 18, at 3 Wilbraham Place, Chelsea. He was the only child of John Atherton Rushton, a publisher with a penchant for cricket. Young Willie spent time training at Lord’s Cricket Ground, learning the sport which developed in to a lifelong passion. In later years he played for the Lord’s Taverners and wrote a novel, W. G. Grace’s Last Case (1984), based on a fictional episode in the life of the great cricketer. Educated at Shrewsbury School his chums included Richard Ingrams, Christopher Booker and Paul Foot. With Ingrams and Booker he produced The Wallopian, a satirical version of the school magazine, to which he contributed cartoons. Ingrams explained: “My best friend at school was Willie. We were in the same house and we were both there because our fathers had been there before us. “Willie was almost my exact contemporary, being only one day older. He was one of those rare people who didn’t appear ever to change. The torrid period of adolescence left him unscathed, making him the ideal companion for someone like me, prone to write love poetry or harbour hopes of becoming a missionary in Africa. “Even as a 12-year-old he was a brilliant cartoonist, entirely self-taught, who when left to himself would cover every available scrap of paper with doodles – mostly fat bald middle-aged men with moustaches.” The young would-be-satirists targeted pseudo-intellectuals, and coined the term “pseuds”, which later gained common currency in Private Eye. Academically undistinguished, Rushton claimed to have failed O-level maths seven times. When confronted with a specimen in a bottle during a biology exam and asked, “What’s this?”, he answered, “Disgusting”. His theatrical talent first found an outlet at school. He recalled that when he played Lord Loam in The Admirable Crichton, “the audience wondered which elderly member of staff had been dragooned into playing Loam”. Failing Latin and unable to secure a place at Oxbridge, where his peers were headed, Rushton did his national service in the army. He failed the officer selection board and served in the ranks. He later commented: “The army is, God bless it, one of the funniest institutions on earth and also a sort of microcosm of the world. It’s split almost perfectly into our class system. Through serving in the ranks I discovered the basic wit of my fellow man – whom basically, to tell the truth, I’d never met before.” After leaving the army Rushton worked at a solicitor’s office, occupying his time by doodling on case notes and having his cartoons rejected by Punch. He left the law firm after almost being knocked down by a bus, vowing never to waste another moment of his life on something he didn’t enjoy. The idea for a London-based satirical magazine was developed in a Chelsea pub with Ingrams and the first edition of Private Eye appeared on October 25, 1961. “Early issues were put together in Rushton’s bedroom in his mother’s house where he alone mastered the art of laying out Christopher Booker’s copy and his own cartoons.” Private Eye was well received, favourably reviewed in The Observer, and the rest is history. Rushton supplied clever content consisting of jokes, puns, double entendres and, of course, cartoons. His creativity extended further to inventing names for memorable Eye characters, such as Lunchtime O’Booze, the archetypal hard-drinking journalist. By this time Rushton’s repertoire had extended to include hilarious songs such as Neasden (“You won’t be sorry that you breezed in... where the rissoles are deep-freezed-en”) and Fornicazione … is Italian for Love. In the same year Rushton made his professional acting debut in Spike Milligan’s The Bed-Sitting Room. Following this he joined Ingrams, John Wells and Barbara Windsor in a bizarre cabaret at the Room at the Top (of a department store) in Ilford, where he was recruited by Ned Sherrin, the producer of the ground-breaking BBC TV show That Was The Week That Was. Willie’s weekly impressions of Tory politicians were hailed “masterpieces of refined cruelty”. Sir David Frost paid tribute saying: “Willie Rushton just went on getting wittier and funnier with every passing year.” When Rushton left TW3 his talents were employed on Not Only... But Also. He collaborated with Hampstead satirist, comic genius and TW3 alumni Peter Cook. The two also worked together at Private Eye. During the late ’60s Rushton spent much of his time in Australia, where he met his wife Dorgan, whom he married in 1968. It was on one of his return visits to the UK that he brought back the late Tony Hancock’s ashes – in an Air France bag – referring to the incident as “My session with the customs was a Hancock Half Hour in itself”. His acting career continued to flourish. He had a series of cameo roles in films, including Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines (1965) and Monte Carlo or Bust (1969). On TV he took the parts of Plautus in Frankie Howerd’s comic foray into ancient Rome, Up Pompeii (1970) and Major Trumpington in the drama Colditz (1974). In 1974 Rushton joined the cult BBC Radio 4 “antidote to panel games”, I’m Sorry I Haven’t a Clue. The show’s formula, in which the teams of (usually) Tim Brooke Taylor, Cryer, Graeme Garden and Rushton were given “silly things” to do by the chairman, Humphrey Lyttelton. Garden explains the origins of the eccentric game, Mornington Crescent. “One night in Gerry’s club the members adopted the game as a way of getting rid of bores,” he said. “They would all play as if it was a serious game, but if the bore joined in they would mock his moves and criticise his pathetic play until he gave up and left.” The beauty of the game lies in it being entirely incomprehensible – with unexplainable rules – or as Cryer reveals, “Just listen to the words!” Rushton always asserted, “Think as the crow flies”. In 1996 Rushton toured with Cryer in Two Old Farts in the Night, an anarchic run of one-night stands. Cryer described his friend as, “a warm sentimental man who took great pains to conceal it and left a great hole” when he died suddenly of complications whilst in hospital. Related articles	Willie Rushton
In the 1971 film Willy Wonka was played by Gene Wilder, but who played him in the 2005 re-make Charlie And The Chocolate Facory?	Richard Ingrams - Wikispooks Richard Ingrams Sara Sudain Richard Reid Ingrams (born 19 August 1937 in Chelsea, London [1] [2] ) is an English journalist, a co-founder and second editor of the British satirical magazine Private Eye, and founding editor of The Oldie magazine. Richard Ingrams left the latter job at the end of May 2014 and was replaced by his chum Alexander Chancellor. [3] [4] Contents 6 References Career Richard Ingrams's parents were Leonard St Clair Ingrams and Victoria née Reid (daughter of Sir James Reid), who had three other sons, including the banker and opera impresario Leonard Ingrams (1941–2005). [5] Ingrams was educated at the independent preparatory school West Downs in Winchester, Hampshire, followed by Shrewsbury School, where he met Willie Rushton and edited the school magazine. Before attending Oxford, he did his National Service in the army ranks after failing his interview for officer training, something which was unusual for someone from his background at the time. At University College , Oxford , where he read Classics, he shared tutorials with Robin Butler, later Cabinet Secretary and sometimes referred to as a "pillar of the Establishment". More importantly, he met Paul Foot , another former Shrewsbury pupil not yet the left-wing radical he became, who was to be a lifelong friend, and whose biography Ingrams wrote after Foot 's early death. Along with several other Old Salopians, including Willie Rushton , Ingrams founded Private Eye in 1962, taking over the editorship from Christopher Booker in 1963. It was a classic case, he claimed on Desert Island Discs in 2008, of the "old boy network". Private Eye was part of the satire boom of the early 1960s, which included the television show That Was The Week That Was, for which Ingrams wrote, and The Establishment nightclub, run by Peter Cook. When Private Eye ran into financial problems Cook was able to gain a majority shareholding on the proceeds of his brief but financially successful venture. Richard Ingrams vacated the editor's chair at the Eye in 1986, with Ian Hislop taking over. In 1992 Ingrams created and became editor of The Oldie, a now monthly humorous lifestyle and issues magazine mainly aimed at the older generation. As of 2005 he was still chairman of Private Eye, working there every Monday, [6] spending four days a week in London. [7] He was a regular on the radio panel quiz The News Quiz for its first twenty years and contributed a column to The Observer for eighteen years. In late 2005 he moved to The Independent, considering The Observer to have gone downhill, particularly as a consequence of its support for the Iraq war. In his 27 August 2011 column, he announced that he had been sacked by the newly appointed editor of The Independent . Shortly after the death of Jimmy Savile , because several national newspapers were unwilling to publish, Ingrams' The Oldie was the first publication to break the story of Savile's history of child abuse. [8] After a series of clashes with James Pembroke , owner and publisher of The Oldie, Ingrams left the magazine at the end of May 2014 having resigned as editor. He is currently writing a biography of Ludovic Kennedy . Splendid kamikaze attack on Mrs Thatcher Patrick Haseldine 's letter was published 14 days before the Lockerbie Bombing In the Observer of Sunday 11 December 1988, Richard Ingrams wrote: I switched on the Today Programme last week to hear a nicely spoken man being cross-examined about the silly plan to make local government candidates in Ulster sign a renunciation of violence before they can stand for office. The man, whom I assumed to be a junior Government Minister of some kind, defended the measure as best he could, saying that he was sure it would be a useful weapon in the battle against terrorism and one which was bound to reduce violence. "Thank you Mr Ashdown," the interviewer concluded after a minute or two. It turned out, to my great surprise, that the speaker was the newly-elected leader of the Democrats and the man who has pledged himself to replace Mr Neil Kinnock as the Leader of the Opposition. Paddy Ashdown appears not to have grasped the point that the job of an Opposition leader is to oppose. In this respect, there is nothing to choose between him and his rival Dr David Owen . Owen is a natural Tory, as he showed again last week over the case of Mr Patrick Haseldine , the Foreign Office official, who in a letter to The Guardian last week made a splendid kamikaze attack on Mrs Thatcher for indulging in 'self-righteous invective' over the Patrick Ryan case. Instead of taking up Mr Haseldine 's point and using it as a stick to beat the Government with, as any good Opposition leader would have done, Dr Goody-Two-Shoes called for Haseldine 's immediate dismissal. [9] Lockerbie: not looking for anyone else In his column in The Independent of 2 May 2009, Richard Ingrams wrote: We are not looking for anyone else. That is the traditional response of the police when faced with the acquittal of men they are convinced were guilty all along. They were at it again this week when three men accused of assisting the 7 July suicide bombers were found not guilty. Andy Hayman, former commissioner of Special Operations at Scotland Yard, wrote of "a sense of bitter disappointment" at the acquittal of the men. And this he said was probably "the last throw of the dice". The police had done a very thorough investigation but the evidence was "not convincing enough". The implication is clear. The men were almost certainly guilty. The police just didn't have the evidence to prove it. At no point was Hayman prepared to admit that they might just have been innocent. Abdelbaset al-Megrahi convicted, Bernt Carlsson targeted on Pan Am Flight 103 As it happened, the acquittal of the three men coincided with the reopening of an appeal case in a terrorist attack far more serious even than that of 7 July – the Lockerbie bombing of 1988 which resulted in the deaths of 270 people. The Libyan convicted of the bombing, Mr Abdelbaset al-Megrahi , began an appeal in Scotland against his conviction in 2001. Megrahi did not have the benefit of a jury trial but was found guilty by three Scottish judges who persuaded themselves that he had put a bomb in a suitcase in Malta which went unaccompanied to Frankfurt where it was loaded on to another plane to Heathrow before being transferred on to Pan Am Flight 103 to the US and exploding over Scotland. Should Megrahi 's appeal succeed, it will be interesting to see if the Scottish police say that they are not looking for anyone else. [10] Private life Richard Ingrams married Mary Morgan on 24 November 1962; they had three children: a son, Fred (b. 14 February 1964), who is an artist; a second son, Arthur, who was disabled and died in childhood; and a daughter, Margaret ("Jubby", 4 May 1965 – 12 May 2004), who was married to David Ford ("an executive with society caterers The Admirable Crichton") and a mother of three, and died aged 39 of a heroin overdose in Brighton. [11] By 1993 Ingrams had become involved with Deborah Bosley, a former head waitress at the Groucho Club and an author. Ingrams played the organ for many years in his local Anglican church in Aldworth, Berkshire, each Sunday. [12] The Romney Marsh Historic Churches Trust was formed under the patronage of Ingrams and the then Archbishop of Canterbury, Robert Runcie. In 2011 he announced he had converted to Roman Catholicism. Ingrams currently lives in Berkshire with his wife Sara, a medical researcher with two sons, and his youngest son Louis. [13] A biography, Richard Ingrams: Lord of the Gnomes ( ISBN 0-434-77828-1 ) by Harry Thompson, was published in 1994. Books by Richard Ingrams Mrs Wilson's Diary (with John Wells) 1965 Mrs Wilson's Second Diary (with John Wells) 1966 Mrs Wilson's Diaries (with John Wells) 1967 The Tale of Driver Grope (with Ralph Steadman) 1969 The Bible for Motorists: By Old Jowett (with Barry Fantoni) 1970 Harris in Wonderland: By Philip Reid (pseudonym of Ingrams and Andrew Osmond) 1973 God's Apology: A Chronicle of Three Friends 1977 Goldenballs 1979 Dear Bill: The Collected Letters of Denis Thatcher (with John Wells) 1980 Romney Marsh 1980 The Other Half: Further Letters of Denis Thatcher (with John Wells) 1981 One for the Road (with John Wells) 1982 Piper's Places: John Piper in England & Wales (with John Piper) 1983 My Round! (with John Wells) 1983 Bottoms Up! (with John Wells) 1984 Down the Hatch! (with John Wells) 1985 John Stewart Collis: A Memoir 1986 Just the One (with John Wells) 1986 The Best of "Dear Bill" (with John Wells) 1986 Mud in Your Eye! (with John Wells) 1987 You Might as Well be Dead 1988 Still Going Strong (with John Wells) 1988 The Ridgeway: Europe's Oldest Road 1988 Number 10 (with John Wells) 1989 On and On (with John Wells) 1990 Muggeridge: The Biography 1995	i don't know
Which 1986 Alan Clarke film is about 2 teenage babysiters from Bradford who have an affair with a married man?	BFI Screenonline: Rita, Sue and Bob Too (1986) Rita, Sue and Bob Too (1986) Courtesy of Channel Four Television Umbrella Entertainment, British Screen, Channel Four Producer Music Michael Kamen Cast: Siobhan Finneran (Rita); Michelle Holmes (Sue); George Costigan (Bob); Lesley Sharp (Michelle); Willie Ross (Sue's father); Kulvinder Ghir (Aslam) The urban decay of Bradford's Buttershaw estate provides the setting for Alan Clarke 's Rita, Sue and Bob Too . The story of a married man's illicit affair with two teenage babysitters, the film is part sex comedy and part critique of the social division of 1980s Britain. Set during Rita and Sue's last few weeks at school, with nothing but the dole queue to look forward to when they leave, the girls find excitement on the reclining seats of middle-aged lothario Bob's car. Unlike Rita and Sue, Bob and his family live in a modern house on the 'nicer' side of town. The film uses the differing domestic locations to highlight the growing gap between Thatcher's home-owning nouveau riche and those left behind in sink estates, victims of the poverty trap. Adapted from a series of plays by Andrea Dunbar and based on her own experiences growing up on the Buttershaw estate, much of the film's humour is tempered with a sense of desperation. Clarke treats the alcoholism, racism and domestic violence that provide a backdrop to Rita and Sue's world in typically matter-of-fact fashion while subtle observations of modern life - like Bob's nosey neighbour who calls the police because he sees an Asian boy in his affluent neighbourhood - are deftly comic. With elements of both the social realist films of the 1960s and the bawdy Confessions... series of the 1970s, Rita, Sue and Bob Too was released in the mid-1980s when the fear of an AIDS epidemic was at its height and its comic treatment of promiscuity flew in the face of various initiatives aimed at discouraging casual sex amongst the young. Co-financed by Channel 4 Rita, Sue and Bob Too is one of only three Alan Clarke films made specifically for cinema release. Justin Hobday	Rita, Sue and Bob Too
Which singer was backed by The Vandellas?	Amazon.co.uk:Customer Reviews: Rita, Sue And Bob Too! [DVD] Rita, Sue And Bob Too! [DVD] 4.7 out of 5 stars 270 Price:£3.59+ Free shipping with Amazon Prime Your rating( Clear )Rate this item 28 people found this helpful 5.0 out of 5 starsRip-roaring tragi-comedy which is up there with the best ByAmazon Customeron 12 March 2001 Rita, Sue & Bob Too is one of those rare British comedy drama movies which actually works from start to finish. This is the story of two 'scrubbers' from a rough n' ready Bradford estate who quickly become infatuated with their babysitting employer, Bob, who just happens to think he's God's gift to women, although his frigid wife certainly does'nt appear to think so. In order to get his leg over after months of living a sexless life, Bob illicitly get's involved with both babysitters, and gives them a 'good drive' home in more ways than one up on the moors. Cue hilarious scenes at the local nighclub, where both girls hot-dance with Bob to Black Lace's novelty song 'We're Having A Gang Bang' while his wife looks-on disgustedly, and the domestic conflicts between Sue and her constantly psed-up father, with more f-words on show than the F-section of the New Oxford dictionary. But it's all scripted within context and is thus very funny. The scene where Bob's wife confronts him when she find's out about his infidelity is an absolutely classic, and involves one of the funniest lines in British movie history. The film also has some tragic moments, with Sue getting involved with an Asian woman-beater (a bit over-sterotypical here )while Rita gets up the duff with nowhere to turn, refusing to go back to finish her studies. It is here where we see that Sue is likely to survive the rigours of life (she is the brighter of the two), with Rita likely to struggle through poor choices, no self-confidence and a complete lack of direction. Overall, RSABT combines a perfect blend of plot, brilliantly-played northern comedy (and great casting)with a tragic subtext throughout. It also gives us a small insight into Thatcher's Britain in the mid-1980's, where the class-divide was getting wider by the day. Highly recommended, but not for one for the faint-hearted ! 3 people found this helpful 3.0 out of 5 starsCould only watch the once ByBrit Boyon 15 January 2013 I was rather surprised to see mostly five star reviews for 'Rita, Sue and Bob Too!', whilst not a bad film, I could only watch it the once unlike Alan Clarke's other films like 'Scum' and 'Made In Britain'. It is however very funny in places, the acting is good and it kept me entertained. What this movie does best is brilliantly portray Northern working class life in the 1980s, the houses and the location of the council estates are spot on. The plot is so simple, two bored teenage girls find excitement in a three way relationship with an older married man who they babysit for. There are some very funny moments in this film which makes it worth seeing, it certainly isn't my idea of a five star movie though, I guess that I must be in the minority. Nevertheless, 'Rita, Sue and Bob Too!' is worth a watch. Format: VHS Tape Rita, Sue & Bob Too is one of those rare British comedy drama movies which actually works from start to finish. This is the story of two 'scrubbers' from a rough n' ready Bradford estate who quickly become infatuated with their babysitting employer, Bob, who just happens to think he's God's gift to women, although his frigid wife certainly does'nt appear to think so. In order to get his leg over after months of living a sexless life, Bob illicitly get's involved with both babysitters, and gives them a 'good drive' home in more ways than one up on the moors. Cue hilarious scenes at the local nighclub, where both girls hot-dance with Bob to Black Lace's novelty song 'We're Having A Gang Bang' while his wife looks-on disgustedly, and the domestic conflicts between Sue and her constantly psed-up father, with more f-words on show than the F-section of the New Oxford dictionary. But it's all scripted within context and is thus very funny. The scene where Bob's wife confronts him when she find's out about his infidelity is an absolutely classic, and involves one of the funniest lines in British movie history. The film also has some tragic moments, with Sue getting involved with an Asian woman-beater (a bit over-sterotypical here )while Rita gets up the duff with nowhere to turn, refusing to go back to finish her studies. It is here where we see that Sue is likely to survive the rigours of life (she is the brighter of the two), with Rita likely to struggle through poor choices, no self-confidence and a complete lack of direction. Overall, RSABT combines a perfect blend of plot, brilliantly-played northern comedy (and great casting)with a tragic subtext throughout. It also gives us a small insight into Thatcher's Britain in the mid-1980's, where the class-divide was getting wider by the day. Highly recommended, but not for one for the faint-hearted ! 0Comment \| 28 people found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Report abuse Please write at least one word You must purchase at least one item from Amazon to post a comment A problem occurred while submitting your comment. Please try again later. Format: DVD Rita, Sue And Bob Too was adapted by Andrea Dunbar from two of her own controversial plays. Rita (Siobhan Finneran) and Sue (Michelle Holmes) are two teenagers living on a run-down council estate in Bradford who both share a job babysitting for Bob (George Costigan) and Michelles (Lesley Sharp) children. Whilst giving them a lift home one night, Bob decides to take Rita and Sue up to a deserted, country-side landscape. Clearly knowing what he has in mind, Rita and Sue are only too happy to oblige and both have a sexual encounter with him that becomes a regular occurence. Despite the blatant politically-incorrect nature of the film, this does emerge as a somewhat controversial, though enduringly amusing film that has a sharp, gritty undertone. The film shifts direction half way through but shrewdly brings the characters all back together again and the ending is hilarious! Michelle Holmes, Siobhan Finneran and George Costigan (all respected T.V actors/esses) play their parts perfectly, displaying a raw and instinctive edge to their characterisations. The film was released in the mid 1980's and has stood the test of time, still making enjoyable viewing today. Worth watching. 0Comment \| 26 people found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Report abuse Please write at least one word You must purchase at least one item from Amazon to post a comment A problem occurred while submitting your comment. Please try again later. Format: DVD \| Verified Purchase An abrasive, saucy film, Alan Clarke's farcical take on life in Bradford in the 1980s comes complete with an 80s soundtrack and some sharp observations, as well as being very funny. It starts out as purely a comedy about sex, with a thirty-something having his fun with two not-so-naive schoolgirls (particularly Sue) in his car on the moors. With its reclining seats it is relatively spacious, like his new house on an estate, with a built-in garage jutting out at the front. The film has none of the condescension you sometimes sense in films made about 'working class' characters, and shows a lot of spirit in these girls. There is a lot of vulgarity on show, it has to be said, and it does seem regrettable that no one seems to have any chance of getting out of the kind of gender dynamic on show, which so often leads either to the kind of marriage Sue's parents have (the father is permanently drunk), or the tedium of the overweight neighbour in his knitwear endlessly watering the garden and spying on others to liven up the dreariness of it all. As it progresses it is less about sexual shenanigans per se and becomes more of a character study involving other dimensions. By the end I found both girls quite likeable in their will to survive and the whole spirit - if only they could have seen a bit further ... but then the film would need to look at other factors like education which Alan Clarke only does very fleetingly. There is a slight lack of broader context which would have made it deeper, more like Wish You Were Here. On the other hand it may be that the close focus is good, making it like a soap opera but much sharper; its raucous, celebratory tone is effective and has you rooting for the girls increasingly as the film goes on. 0Comment \| One person found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Report abuse Please write at least one word You must purchase at least one item from Amazon to post a comment A problem occurred while submitting your comment. Please try again later. Showing 0 of 0 comments Sort by: Format: DVD \| Verified Purchase If this film wasn't so funny it would be thoroughly depressing. It looks at contemporary working class Britain, as it was in the 80s, and does not pull its punches when showing us the aimlessness and moral degradation that seeped into shattered communities as Thatcher and her cronies systematically destroyed the UK's traditional industries (by the way, changing the UK from a manufacturing country to a financial servicing one has come back to bite us in these austere times. Don't believe me? Compare our car industry with Germany). Anyway, the film itself is brilliantly acted, very well written and directed with an honest, minimum-of-fuss approach. It is also one of the funniest films I have ever seen. As I said before, the film is able to look at the harsh realities of life simply because it is so hilarious. Sue's alcoholic father is both side-splitting and tragic: a brilliant supporting performance from Willie Ross. George Costigan plays the predatory, sexually frustrated Bob with the perfect balance of sleeze, humour and pathos (is his affluent, opportunistic character a comment on the get-rich-quick ethos of the 80's?) The girls are natural and unmannered. Lesley Sharp is also brilliant as Bob's frosty, screwed-up wife, Michelle. Get it. It's harsh but it's brilliant. 0Comment \| 5 people found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Report abuse Please write at least one word You must purchase at least one item from Amazon to post a comment A problem occurred while submitting your comment. Please try again later. Format: DVD 2 young girls babysitting for couple, the husband is a bit of a romeo. See the antics that the girls and Bob get up too.... really funny - it had me in hysterics. It could so happen, so what NOT to let your daughters do as far as babysitting goes. Some extreme language used, but all part of the film. 0Comment \| 10 people found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Report abuse Please write at least one word You must purchase at least one item from Amazon to post a comment A problem occurred while submitting your comment. Please try again later. Format: DVD This film has me in stiches from start to finish, its a film that makes me laugh no matter how many times i see it. The so true to life story of Rita Sue and Bob is one that every movie fan should encounter without a doubt. Rita and Sue are teenage school girls who babysitt for Michelle and Bob, but Bob's wandering hands soon get him into hot water. Bobs wife Michelle soon cottons on to whats going on and the muck hits the fan. This film is written in the style that the BBC's Royle Family is, if you like that sort of comedy then this is a film no movie fan should be without. 0Comment \| 8 people found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Report abuse Please write at least one word You must purchase at least one item from Amazon to post a comment A problem occurred while submitting your comment. Please try again later. Format: DVD This low budget, C4 funded film managed to do what a lot of far grander, less humble films have failed to do. It successfully satirises an entire class of people, including many sub classes within it. It manages this because it is made by people from that same group. They are having a laugh about themselves, and see a lot to be laughed at. It is fabulously filthy in its tone, and its satirical glare is far encompassing and wildly accurate, or seems to be (to a non-northerner). Despite the low budget feel, and awful 80s trash soundtrack, it produces moments of cinematic greatness, my favourite probably being the characterisation of Rita's alcaholic wreck of a dad, who puts his trousers on leaving his shirt tails sticking out of his flies, among other things. Superb! For a section of society so badly served and looked upon by its government, it shows the one true virtue it has is a sense of humour. This was stinging, genuine satire. A very good achievement, and what a loss the death of the writer of this original work was to the industry. This was real writing, for a change. Wonderfull stuff. Format: DVD This is an excellent comedy by the British director Alan Clarke (who also directed films like "Scum" and "Made In Britain"). If you have seen those films or know of Clarke, this will give a clue about the setting - it's typically working-class with no sentimentality or condescension. The film itself is essentially a sex comedy, with a man (Bob, surprisingly enough) in a stale marraige conducting an affair with their teenaged babysitters, and the (mis)adventures resulting. But the film is also an extremely sharp analysis of class and social mores in the mid-1980s, with Bob an example of the successful working-class man in a middle-class environment, Rita and Sue in a school straight out of "Kes", and Sue's shoddy homelife is shown precisely, yet humourously and empathetically. Similarly, the interlude where Sue dates an Asian boy is deft and precise, but still funny (the scene where he invites her to "lie down" is classic, and a lesson for al shy boys out there...). Although the precision of the setting does date the film, the warmth, satire and social commentary remain, making this a little gem of a film. It's also unusually humourous for an Alan Clarke film or play, which are usually searingly intense, but a little light relief is a good thing, as I'm sure Bob would agree! 0Comment \| 6 people found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Report abuse Please write at least one word You must purchase at least one item from Amazon to post a comment A problem occurred while submitting your comment. Please try again later. Format: VHS Tape This has got to be THE film of the 80's and for the generation of people living through this decade this is certainly a film they can identify with. Maggie's britain at it's "best". A great portrayal of hard-ship and struggle on a northern council estate. A classic representation of what went on then and still goes on today. One of the best films I have ever viewed which touches on the truth. 0Comment \| 9 people found this helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes No Report abuse Please write at least one word You must purchase at least one item from Amazon to post a comment A problem occurred while submitting your comment. Please try again later. Format: Amazon Video \| Verified Purchase Memorably described as "Thatcher's Britain with her knickers down" this film is both a tragedy and a comedy combined. Utterly uncomfortable viewing as we watch Sue (Michelle Holmes) and Rita (Siobhan Finneran) who have very grim lives get involved with a married man. It is hard to say who is manipulating who. Based upon the very real experiences of writer Andrea Dunbar and her life experiences on a notorious slum estate in the 70s this film does not pull any punches when showing life. Whether that life is Sue's with her drunken father (marvellously played by Willie Ross) or Rita's. It is witness to the slum living conditions, the poor mental health of some residents and the general despair which existed at the time. Brilliant cast and excellent performances from all. Some genuine laugh out loud moments and other more shocking ones. I gather that Andrea Dunbar was not happy with the upbeat feel and ending of the film because in reality life would not have ended like that for Sue and Rita. Tragic, funny and shocking.	i don't know
Which ex-comic is married to Billy Connolly?	Billy Connolly - Biography - IMDb Billy Connolly Biography Showing all 50 items Jump to: Overview (4) \| Mini Bio (1) \| Spouse (2) \| Trade Mark (6) \| Trivia (15) \| Personal Quotes (22) Overview (4) 6' (1.83 m) Mini Bio (1) Billy Connolly was born and raised in Glasgow, Scotland. He left school to work in the shipyards becoming a welder and joined the Territorial Army (in the parachute regiment) at around the same time. He developed an interest in folk music, eventually becoming an accomplished banjo player and a member of the band Humblebums with Gerry Rafferty (later of Baker Street fame). The jokes he told between songs eventually took over his act and he became a full-time comedian. Already a big star in Scotland, he became a household name in the UK after appearing on Parkinson (1971) in the early seventies. Billy has released many recordings and videos of his concert performances over the years. He has expanded his repertoire to include acting, appearing in a number of television dramas and films, most recently in the USA. In the 90s he made two documentary series for the BBC, about Scotland and Australia respectively, and in 1997 he starred in the award winning film Mrs Brown (1997). He is one of the UK's top comedian. - IMDb Mini Biography By: Anonymous Spouse (2) ( 20 December 1989 - present) (3 children) Iris Pressagh Tangential storytelling in stand-up comedy performances, often featuring multilayered digressions from original story. Banjo playing Use of bad language in his stand-up routines Long hair Glaswegian accent Trivia (15) Known for his long, messy hair, goatee and lots of bad language in his stand-up show. American audiences are generally unfamiliar with Connolly's musical accomplishments, since he all but eliminated the songs from his act before he became popular in North America. An exception to this were his guest appearances on Pearl (1996) in which he sang one of his old songs, "I Wish I Was in Glasgow", in a duet with Malcolm McDowell . Three Daughters with Pamela Stephenson : Daisy (born 31 December 1983), Amy (born 7 July 1986) and Scarlett (born 28 July 1988). Two children with his previous wife, Iris Pressagh: Son Jamie (born 1969) and Daughter Cara (born 1973). Married Pamela Stephenson in Fiji on 20 December 1989. July 2001: Received an honorary doctorate from the University of Glasgow. He was awarded the CBE (Commander of the Order of the British Empire) in the 2003 Queen's Birthday Honours List for his services to Entertainment. He is a long time supporter of Glasgow Celtic Football Club. He is a former reserve soldier in Britain's elite parachute regiment, serving with 15 Para (now a disbanded battalion). In September 2005, he announced that he is returning to live in his native Scotland, after residing in the United States for some years. Diagnosed with early-stage prostate cancer and Parkinson's Disease [September 16, 2013]. Fulham, London, England [May 2009] Received the Outstanding Contribution to Television and Film Award at the 2012 British Academy Scotland Awards. To date (2016), Billy holds the record for the most guest appearances on the popular British TV talk show Parkinson (1971), with a reported 15 spots. Billy's Parkinson's Disease was initially diagnosed under informal circumstances in that he was approached by a doctor in his L.A. hotel lobby after an appearance on Conan O'Brien's show in 2012. After the doctor introduced himself as a fan, he then remarked that Billy's shuffling gait resembled that of someone with the possible early onset of the disease and advised him to get a medical checkup. In October 2004, during an 18-night stint at London's Hammersmith Apollo, Connolly was criticised for making jokes about the hostage Kenneth Bigley. Shortly after Connolly joked about the future killing of the hostage and touched on the subject of Bigley's young Thai wife, Bigley was beheaded in Iraq. Connolly claims he was misquoted. He has declined to clarify what he actually said, claiming that the context was as important as the precise words used. Personal Quotes (22) I'm now a Doctor of Letters. Most of them Fs and Bs. Life for me is great. I'm a very f***in' wealthy person, I'm married to a very beautiful woman and I get laid with monotonous regularity. I think my securities far outweigh my insecurities. I am not nearly as afraid of myself and my imagination as I used to be. In Scotland, there is no such thing as bad weather - only the wrong clothes. Before you judge a man, walk a mile in his shoes. After that who cares?... He's a mile away and you've got his shoes! There are two seasons in Scotland - Winter and July. It's very awkward to be kind of big in your own field. It limits what you're offered. People are swayed by the fact that you're a comedian or a musician or whatever they think you are. When it comes to choosing you, they get a bit shaky about offering you a different type of role. But I've really been very lucky. When you compare me to other comedians, I've been very fortunate. So you'll get no complaints. I'd never consciously left home to see a zombie movie. They were fine by me, but I had no intention of ever being in one. But I've been learning more about it as I've been doing interviews. I didn't even know there were specialist zombie magazines and clubs. I heard the other day that a radio station had asked people if they'd made preparations for an attack by zombies, and a staggering number of people replied yes! I set out to be a cross between Lenny Bruce and Robert the Bruce -- my main thrust was the body and its functions and malfunctions -- the absurdity of the thing. Without arts programmes there's only reality TV, and reality TV needs the arts to show it what reality is. Gerry Rafferty was a hugely talented songwriter and singer who will be greatly missed. I was privileged to have spent my formative years working with Gerry and there remained a strong bond of friendship between us that lasted until his untimely death. Gerry had extraordinary gifts and his premature passing deprives the world of a true genius. There comes a point when you don't give a shit what anybody thinks. It doesn't happen all at once, but it's lovely when it does. Criticism used to worry me before, but I can suddenly write it off. It's too late. I don't have the time to spend thinking about it anymore. I need that time to live with. I fucking hate going on holiday anywhere but in my own home. My idea of a nice break is lying in bed being brought cups of tea while watching football, episodes of Law & Order (1990) or one of those reality shows set in a prison. And it fucking terrifies me to be somewhere where Pamela Stephenson's going to be lurking about waiting to guilt-trip me into going on a walk to Japanese gardens, sampling vanilla tea or trying to stay upright on a contraption that doesn't know if it's a kite or a surfboard. Wild horses couldn't persuade me. If she'd had her way, we'd start the day with an hour of power yoga on the shore, followed by a gluten-free breakfast, a scuba dive to see enormous, bitey things, then a tanning session on the beach where the combination of sunscreen and sand turns you into a giant schnitzel. After lunch there'd be kayaking to a deserted island, then a candlelit dinner in some exotic outdoor location where small bitey things make you even more miserable than the big ones. Jazz makes me want to vomit! I fucking hate sand. I've had it with terrorists of all colors and fucking descriptions. Fucking bringing terror to some innocent person's life. Fuck you. Osama Bin Laden lives in a cave, shits in a fucking bucket. Why are we scared of this prick? Fuck you, Bin Laden! I don't want to influence anybody so I shut up. I think the Scots will come to a good conclusion in the referendum. They'll get what they deserve. [on the death of Robin Williams ] Robin was 'on' all the time. He was a joy to be around, let me tell you. In all the years I knew him I never got tired of him. He was a one-off, so warm, so human. In my quieter moments I do sometimes think I could have done more to help him. It's a lonely life, show business. You spend a lot of time on your own, and if you dwell on these things you can hurt yourself, as Robin proved. The future doesn't exist and neither does the past. Worrying about it is a waste of time and effort. [on his belief that Robin Williams was trying to say goodbye when they last spoke] On the last phone call he said, 'I love you like a brother' and I said, 'I know you do' and he said, 'Are you sure you know?' and I said, 'Yes'. Robin worried about everything. [on politicians] Don't vote, it just encourages them. Who discovered we could get milk from cows, and what did he think he was doing at the time? See also	Pamela Stephenson
In the tv show Charmed, what was the name of the eldest sister (played by Shannen Doherty) who was killed off at the end of Season 3?	Pamela Stephenson tells of the day she thought husband Billy Connelly, might die \| Daily Mail Online comments When Billy Connolly was still reeling from the bombshell double diagnosis - both on the same day that he had prostate cancer and Parkinson's, he privately wondered whether it was time to give up his comedy and acting career. But when he confided his thoughts to his wife, Pamela Stephenson, she lost no time in talking him out of it. 'It would have been really bad for him to burrow away and not want to come out of his hole,' she says now. Billy received a bombshell diagnosis of Parkinson's and Prostate cancer earlier this year that shook his world 'So I told him, "Look, I'll support you 100 per cent if you want to do that, but I'm not sure you'll love your life if you do, because you're happiest when you're performing." It was the right thing to say to him, and I pushed him into doing some concerts. He's bounced back better than almost anyone could and he's doing really well.' RELATED ARTICLES Share this article Share This is the first time she's talked about the emotional effect Billy's illness has had on their close-knit family. They have three daughters together, Daisy, Amy and Scarlett, and Billy has a son Jamie and a daughter Cara by his first marriage. It started when Billy began having the odd memory loss – searching for words – and he was also having trouble hearing, but he shrugged these symptoms off for months. But when Pam finally persuaded him to see a doctor last September, it proved to be what he later described as 'a funny week'. On the Monday he was prescribed a hearing aid. On the Tuesday he was given pills for a touch of heartburn. And on Wednesday he was told he had Parkinson's – but only after an earlier call to say that a routine check-up had shown he had prostate cancer. Pamela with Mel Smith, Rowen Atkinson and Griff Rhys Jones in Not The Nine O'Clock News in 1980 'He had all these diagnoses in one go because he'd ignored the symptoms and refused to go to the doctor,' she explains. 'It was the hearing loss that worried me the most at that early stage. He was a nightmare, with me saying, "Billy, you've got to get a check-up," and him saying, "Get off my back." And of course he was on tour a lot at the time. Finally he had some time off and I dragged him kicking and screaming to the doctor.' Pamela recalls the moment he got the dreaded phone call at the couple's home in New York. 'I was physically holding onto him at that point to reassure him and support him. That's what marriage is about: you have your ups and downs and you have to see each other through them. I also understand the psychology of illness, and I knew it was not going to be easy on me either. Let's face it, he was a terrible patient!' she says ruefully. 'But you can't blame someone for that when they're going through something that you're not.' As a result Pamela has felt the need to be the family rock on whom everyone could lean. 'It was important to be strong for Billy and our family, very much so.' Yet even her background in clinical psychology didn't make it any easier for her to look into the treatment when it was so close to home in her husband's case. 'It's sort of scary and you fall into the trap of seeing horrible things that you don't want to read,' she admits. Billy and Pamela Stephenson, after the birth of their third child, Scarlett Connolly, 1988 'That's all you see at first; then you have to take a deep breath and go back and read it again and pick out the positive things. 'I knew the hearing loss in particular was affecting his ability to perform on stage because he couldn't hear the audience feedback, which is important for a comedian. All those years on the circuit sitting on huge stacks of loudspeakers was bound to cause some damage. So persuading Billy to wear a hearing aid was more of a hurdle than anything else. It made a tremendous difference to his quality of life and he's been performing better than he has for years.' By October, Billy's prostate had been surgically removed and he was given the all-clear. He was told his Parkinson's was a mild, slow-moving form, and no medication was needed. But, Pamela now reveals, the crisis wasn't over: after the prostate operation he developed a life-threatening blood clot on his upper thigh that at first his medical team failed to spot. 'I knew it was a clot but the doctors weren't listening to me,' she says. 'Eventually I spoke to an intern on the phone, who said, "Just get him to the hospital right away!" I threw him into a taxi; he was in agony and crying with pain as the driver drove up the highway from our home. The road was in a very bad condition, so the taxi was bumping over it, and Billy was saying, "Uh-oh, he drives just like you, Pamsy!" I said, "Billy, I'm saving your life here, stop going on about my driving!" Even though he was going through so much pain, he never stopped being his hilarious, curmudgeonly, adorable self. Fortunately I don't take it personally; I just think it's funny that he'd choose that moment to run down my driving.' The hospital dealt with the clot and he was discharged. But soon after, when he was back at work and filming his ITV documentary about how we deal with death, Billy Connolly's Big Send-Off, which was aired in May, Pamela says the blood clot was still a problem. Luckily their middle daughter Amy, 28, had been invited to work as a researcher on the show. 'Thank God Amy was with him. She recognised what was happening and they got him back to hospital to deal with the clot. He's had all his check-ups and he's in great shape now.' She describes herself as 'a glass half-full person, while Billy's a bit the other way, so we have a good balance. The Parkinson's is mild but Billy still worries about it,' she admits. 'It's actually bigger in his mind than it is in reality; he's always watching for symptoms.' Pamela Stephenson at the Comic Strip - a late-night club that young comedians Rik Mayall, Ade Edmondson, Nigel Planer, Peter Richardson, Alexei Sayle, Dawn French and Jennifer Saunders Pamela says she isn't nostalgic of her days at the Comic Strip as she says that it was a competitive industry Now she jokes that at least all her wifely efforts have 'saved' Billy for his bed scene with Shirley MacLaine in the movie Wild Oats. It's currently being filmed on Gran Canaria and Shirley is the one sowing the wild oats with silver fox Billy. 'He sent me an email about his scene with Shirley – and also mentioned in passing that Demi Moore, his other co-star in the film, is even more beautiful than before Ashton Kutcher left her! But Billy had a bed scene with Sharon Stone too in Beautiful Joe back in 2000, so I'm fairly used to him jumping into bed with other women – on screen of course,' Pamela laughs. 'Am I ever jealous? Of course, humans always get jealous; if your husband is going off to do a movie with Sharon Stone and there's a bedroom scene in it, you think, "Hmm, you'd better behave yourself, boyo." Just because you're married it doesn't mean you're not going to be attracted to other people – and hopefully you can talk about that. It's what you do with that attraction that's important. But it would be much harder for a spouse who hadn't been in the business, who didn't understand acting and how things are.' New Zealand-born Pamela first burst onto the British comedy scene in 1979 in ground-breaking BBC2 sketch show Not The 9 O'Clock News alongside Rowan Atkinson, Mel Smith and Griff Rhys Jones. She went on to join the Comic Strip, a late-night club that young comedians Rik Mayall, Ade Edmondson, Nigel Planer, Peter Richardson, Alexei Sayle, Dawn French and Jennifer Saunders set up in 1980. The Comic Strip transferred to TV for Channel 4's launch night in 1982. Pamela with Billy in July 1983 But Pamela grew disillusioned with the comedy scene and headed in a different direction. She made her West End debut in Gilbert and Sullivan's The Pirates Of Penzance instead, pursued a Hollywood career in which she became the only girl to sleep with Clark Kent's alter ego in Superman III, and joined US comedy show Saturday Night Live but left after one series because of its drug-taking culture at that time. These days Pamela doesn't look back nostalgically at her Comic Strip days. She's saddened by the shock news of Rik Mayall's death at 56, but says she barely got to know him on the few occasions where they appeared on the same stage; in that competitive environment, she recalls, friendships just didn't flourish. 'Doing stand-up was like a war with everyone playing this game of "I can be funnier than you." You had to come in like a boxer with lots of chutzpah and try to scare the pants off people. I remember envying Rik and the other boys for being guys, because the Comic Strip was really hard: I was one of the few women doing it and the audience sounded like they were out for blood, so the boys would take their trousers down on stage and other stuff that I couldn't possibly do.' As for the very few females on stage, it seems there was precious little solidarity there either. 'French and Saunders said mean things about me so I didn't want to talk to them. I don't remember exactly what they said, and it's all water under the bridge now, but I can understand why – because we were all fighting for space and at each other's throats,' explains Pamela. She retrained as a clinical psychologist in California, using her knowledge of showbusiness to write her thesis on the harmful effects of fame, and later presented TV show Shrink Rap, a series of probing psychological interviews with Hollywood stars such as Tony Curtis and Robin Williams. 'Billy was so proud of me getting my doctorate; he said he liked the atmosphere of calm study that I brought to the house. Of course he also meant, "As opposed to when you were a comedian and tearing around like a crazy person!" Frankly it was hard to have two comedians in the house.' But showbusiness is still in her blood. In 2010, at the age of 61, she triumphed against all the ageist odds by reaching the final of Strictly Come Dancing, which turned her into the poster girl for the sexy older lady but left her with unfinished dance business. 'I never got to perform my tango in the final!' she mock-wails. Hence her new project: the world premiere at next month's Edinburgh Festival of her 75-minute Brazilian dance-drama Brazouka, which she wrote and is co-producing with Arlene Phillips – who she met through Strictly – as choreographer. 'Doing stand-up was like a war with everyone playing this game of "I can be funnier than you." I was one of the few women doing it and the audience sounded like they were out for blood, so the boys would take their trousers down on stage and other stuff that I couldn't possibly do.' Brazouka celebrates the Afro-Brazilian dance of lambazouk. She predicts it's going to be bigger than salsa because it's the one dance where women can ask men to dance without losing face. 'It's sensual and fun without being sleazy because it's not a meat-market dance – and it's so brilliant for women of all ages and sizes,' says Pamela, very conscious that she's put a few pounds back on since losing 2st on Strictly. It's 33 years since she was last at Edinburgh, doing a stand-up comedy routine in 1981, and Pamela, now 64, is nervous about taking a new show to the world's biggest arts festival. Yet, after all that's happened with Billy's illnesses recently, she admits she really needs some Latin American fun in her life. 'I discovered on Strictly that dancing could turn around the way I was feeling. You go through awful things and then something like dance helps you reconnect with the joy of life,' she says. 'And Billy thinks my show's amazing too. He calls the male members of the cast my "Brylcreem Lotharios"! I'll probably practise psychology again at some point, but basically I was sitting on my a*** after Strictly, and my body needed to move.' Although she isn't officially performing in Brazouka, bar a surprise appearance somewhere in the evening, you can't keep a good Strictly star down. And she's even thought of a role for Shirley MacLaine. 'Billy's coming to see Brazouka – maybe he and Shirley can do their bedroom scene in the middle of Princes Street to help promote the show,' she jokes. Brazouka, Assembly Hall, Edinburgh, 31 July-25 August, 5.30pm. www.edfringe.com, 0131 623 3030.	i don't know
Who was married to Spandau Ballet's Gary Kemp and later to Jude Law?	Sadie Frost on depression and her doomed marriage to Jude Law \| Daily Mail Online comments 'The force of the love I felt for Jude and his intense ambition made me feel out of control,' said Sadie Frost Sadie Frost has revealed how depression ‘weaved a dance of destruction’ through her adult life, and was one of the primary reasons behind the break-up of her marriage to Jude Law. She writes with candour about her illness and her life with the Hollywood actor in her much-anticipated autobiography, Crazy Days, which The Mail on Sunday begins serialising today in the Review section. Last month, the book was the subject of a legal action from Law, who issued a 100-page writ demanding that all passages relating to their marriage be removed. The actor employed a leading firm of solicitors, Atkins Thomson, to try to prevent publication of details relating to the couple’s turbulent six-year union. Not only did the mention of previous liaisons on both sides cause concern, he is also said to have objected to the inclusion of minor domestic details and photographs of their children. However, the matter was settled last month at the High Court. Sadie says she was bedevilled by internal conflicts: a ‘battle between the good girl and the bad’ during her chaotic childhood and, later, her experience of ‘paradise syndrome’ – when she ‘had it all’ but felt compelled to ‘destroy whatever was good before someone took it from me’. She details her early romance with Law – they met when he was 19 and she was 25 and a married mother – and the guilt she suffered because of it. She writes: ‘I knew that by even entertaining thoughts of Jude, I was jeopardising an idyllic home life, the most secure relationship I’d ever had. I crushed my unwelcome ideas about Jude, but it wasn’t easy.’ Eventually, Sadie left her husband, Spandau Ballet’s Gary Kemp, and bought a house with Law. Sadie and Jude at the Bafta awards in London in 2000 ‘The force of the love I felt for Jude and his intense ambition made me feel out of control,’ she recalls. She writes of the pressures their careers brought to bear on their relationship, in particular the long periods apart. In 1996 she discovered she was pregnant with their first child. ‘Jude was away a lot, while I was sitting on the sofa, getting fatter and gripped by a nagging sense that I was jeopardising my love,’ she writes. After their baby, Rafferty, was born Sadie says ‘unease’ pulled her down. ‘Eventually I wanted to press the self-destruct button. One night I arranged a babysitter and went out. ‘I partied all night and got home the next day racked with guilt. I was sitting at my dressing table, not feeling anything – just numb. 'I watched my hand slowly pick up a pair of scissors. It was as if I was being sucked down lower into the chair and the scissors seemed to be drawn to my arm. 'I appeared to have cut myself. Blood dripped down my arm. There was no sense of panic within me – I just felt empty.’ She was successfully treated for severe post-natal depression, but it returned after the birth of the couple’s daughter, Iris Tallulah, in October 2000. The end of Frost’s marriage to Law came after a holiday in Thailand. ‘Right away I knew something was wrong,’ she writes. ‘I knew it was over, the way he looked at me. I was underweight, depressed and scared . . . I asked him if he loved me but he didn’t need to reply – I knew the answer. The moment had arrived and I knew the relationship with the man I loved was over.’ Now, she says, she is happy. ‘I don’t regret the past, nor do I dwell on it,’ explains Sadie. ‘I’ve probably recovered from manic depression, or severe PND, which has weaved such a dance of destruction through my adult life . . . to have come through and out the other end, into the light.’ Sadie tells for the first time of her doomed marriage to dashing film star Jude Law... Happy and healthy: Sadie has finally conquered her demons but it has been a long and tortuous road Sadie Frost was a successful film actress and mother when she met a 19-year-old unknown called Jude Law. Their leading roles in the trendy 'Primrose Hill Set' dominated showbusiness headlines for a decade - until, after three children of their own, their marriage fell apart as their career paths diverged and she fought postnatal depression. Law's subsequent relationship with Sienna Miller ended after an affair with his nanny. Now Frost has written a compelling account of her extraordinary life - not least the coup de foudre which would rip up her idyllic world... The sallow, blond youth was leaning against a wall in the theatre foyer. 'Sadie, I want you to meet Jude Law,' a friend said. I smiled at this man, who returned a shy smile and offered a hand. I was 25, a married woman with a young child. He was thin and gangly, and couldn't have been more than 19, but something about him made me nervous. I blushed. A week later, I was in a rehearsal room in East London waiting to do a screen test with Jude. Across from me, he sat astride a chair, waiting pensively. The silence between us crackled and I couldn't help but watch him surreptitiously. After the test, as I left the room, I felt a weight pressing on my heart. I tried to cut the weight loose but I couldn't. It was an unshakable and unwelcome premonition - like being confronted with the juicy apple in the Garden of Eden. I felt it was my fate to spend the rest of my life with Jude. As a child, I used to dream about being a film star. Those ambitions appeared to be possible when, aged 11, I won a scholarship to the Italia Conti Academy in London. It was a welcome change from my chaotic home life. My dad David Vaughan, a painter, left my mother before I started school, but lived in a squat next door to us in North London, often arguing with Mum's new lover, Frosty. Doomed: Sadie left first husband Gary Kemp for a young and then unknown Jude, but both marriages were ultimately doomed to fail My mother would accuse my father of being on drugs, not that I knew what that meant. I later learned that Dad had taken LSD and suffered psychotic episodes for years afterwards, eventually ending up in a psychiatric clinic. There was something inside me that liked danger. There was a battle between the good girl and the bad, influenced by my father. It was as if he were a poison and I could feel him trying to rise up and engulf the tidy, clean part. By my mid-teens, I had rejected the discipline of stage school in favour of a comprehensive, boys, pot, make-up, leather, punk rock, cigarettes, fights and trouble. When I was 15, my boyfriend's mother suggested I try modelling and soon I started to pick up photographic jobs. My face seemingly fitted the moment. I'd turned from a homely girl to a wild party girl. By the early Eighties, I had a full diary, including two months in Japan and a campaign for 7Up. I met my first husband, Gary Kemp, while appearing in a video for his band Spandau Ballet's song Gold. I lost contact with him until I was 21, when we met again and started dating. Gary was wise and manly, polished and clean. His pristine eyes twinkled and gleamed with a sureness of who he was. I moved into his big Georgian house and we married in 1988. I was happy, but part of me wanted to rebel against this contentment. I convinced myself, however, to suppress my destructive urges. Soon after our son Finlay was born in 1990, I started shooting Bram Stoker's Dracula with Francis Ford Coppola. My childhood dreams were coming true. My agent urged me to stay in Los Angeles after filming with Coppola, but instead I took a role in a lowbudget British film called Shopping, which would have an unknown actor for the male lead - Jude Law. I'd gone to see him performing in a play before our screen test. Changing faces: Sadie's career has undergone many metamorphoses from model to successful actress to fashion designer and boutique owner Filming began in 1992. Gary was as devoted as ever and I knew that by even entertaining thoughts of Jude, I was jeopardising an idyllic home life, the most secure relationship I'd ever had. I crushed my unwelcome ideas about Jude, but it wasn't easy. I was beginning to prefer this straightforward young man to my intellectual older husband. Still, I tried to reject my dark thoughts, until it became clear that Jude was interested in me, too. A night shoot in which we sat in a car was almost painful, so powerful was the force drawing me to him. He turned to me, his stare intense and hungry. I allowed my gaze to take him in as his almond-shaped, avocado-green eyes thundered their way into my soul. His head was shaved and he was wearing tight black trousers. Time slowed down inside our bubble and I realised we were destined to be together. 'Cut!' shouted the director, shaking us back to reality. After that we spent all our time together between shots, hanging out in my caravan. Jude would chain-smoke and loaf around with his rangy arms and legs dangling. His easy charm and calm were a breath of fresh air after Gary's controlled power-dressing and artistic leanings. The more I felt for Jude, the more guilt I felt. Much as I tried to fix things with Gary, we started to row. I couldn't be logical about the attraction to Jude. It seemed I was suffering from 'paradise syndrome'. I had it all - a career and a perfect family - but I felt I had to destroy whatever was good before someone took it from me. 'I asked Jude if he still loved me. He didn't need to reply...' I told Gary I needed to separate from him for a while to sort out my feelings. After filming Shopping, I moved out of Gary's house with Fin. There was no fighting: Gary was too grown-up to try to resolve our differences like that and maybe he hoped the separation was temporary. I hoped so, too. I couldn't get Jude out of my head, so we took a holiday together to Bali. Up to that point nothing physical had happened between us and I was keen we should have separate rooms. Zoe Grace, a friend, came with us. Once we were in Bali, though, the relationship began. Exploring Bali, with its exotic scents and ancient temples, brought Jude and me even closer. We had no choice but to be together, so I made my decision. Zoe and I found a flat to share in Primrose Hill, North London. It wasn't glamorous but I was desperate to keep some stability for Fin. The force of the love I felt for Jude and his intense ambition made me feel out of control. And because I had my own career too, from the beginning we were often apart. I had enough money but I wasn't rich. Still, compared to Jude, who was living hand-to-mouth between acting jobs, I was wealthy. I'd lend him cash for his bus fare or bills. Almost immediately, he got offered a role in Cocteau's play Les Parents Terribles, which - retitled Indiscretions - transferred from the West End to Broadway. This meant he would be away in America for nine months. I waved him off with immense trepidation. Once he left, I looked for something new, to help me rediscover myself. I found it in music, hanging out with the likes of Pulp, Suede and Elastica. It was exciting, but even early on in the relationship I was looking for a way to burst the bubble and reject Jude before he could take his love away. Face of the eighties: A young Sadie was encouraged to model I nervously waited for Jude to get home after he finished the play in New York. I needn't have worried and we took up where we'd left off. I bought a house in Primrose Hill and Jude moved in. We hung out with the likes of Jonny Lee Miller and Ewan McGregor. Life was settling down and Jude was great with Fin, while things between Gary and I were amicable after our split. In 1996, the year after Gary and I divorced, I discovered I was pregnant with Jude's child. We were thrilled. Although he was devoted and supportive when he was at home, Jude was away a lot, while I was sitting on the sofa, getting fatter and gripped by a nagging sense that I was jeopardising my love. Rafferty was born in October of that year. I didn't want a nanny because I wanted to be alone with Raff, but unease was pulling me down, making me feel low and lost. Eventually I wanted to press the self-destruct button. One night, I arranged a babysitter for Raff and Fin and went out. I partied all night and got home the next day racked with guilt. I was sitting at my dressing table, not feeling anything - just numb. I watched my hand slowly pick up a pair of scissors. It was if I was being sucked down lower into the chair and the scissors seemed be drawn to my arm. I appeared to have cut myself. Blood dripped down my arm. There was no sense of panic within me - I just felt empty. I was admitted to hospital and diagnosed with severe postnatal depression (PND). They gave me medication and I began to feel like my old self, as if a veil was lifted from my eyes. With life happy once more, Jude and I decided to marry in 1997. With my capacity for conjuring up the worst-case scenario, I didn't buy a dress because I didn't want to jinx it. Jonny Lee Miller was to be Jude's best man and, a few weeks before the wedding, he came to the house to have a drink. He stuck his head round the door and I saw he had a girl with him, a very beautiful girl I'd never met but recognised all the same. 'Hello,' the girl said. 'I'm Kate.' It was Kate Moss. She sat down at the kitchen table, lit a cigarette and made herself at home. 'You must be so excited to be getting married!' she said with a smile. I knew I'd found a soulmate. After a few hours of wine and food Kate was singing and dancing with abandon. 'What you wearing to the wedding, sweetheart?' she asked. 'Jude was up for lots more roles but I was struggling, still feeling low' 'Oh, er, well, I dunno yet.' 'You what? Are you mad?' A few days later I was trying on the dress John Galliano had made for Kate's 21st birthday. 'You can borrow it,' she said, smiling. 'It fits you perfectly.' The ceremony was on a barge on the canal in nearby Little Venice decorated with bunting and balloons. I went barefoot and wore no make-up. We took a penthouse suite at the Covent Garden Hotel, where the wedding celebrations continued. Many holidays and parties followed with our North London gang.The constant partying, however, took a toll on my relationship with Jude. The more in demand Jude was professionally, the more of a drama queen I became. As he matured into a man, I started to act more like a child. We were living on a knife edge, but we made it work because of Rafferty. I found out I was pregnant again as Jude was finishing filming Enemy At The Gates in Berlin. He landed another role immediately, in Steven Spielberg's A.I. That meant six months in Hollywood, so we moved to a house overlooking the ocean in Malibu. I settled in with Fin and Raff while Jude started filming. Things were once again perfect. Seven weeks before my due date we went to a gig with a group of friends, including Kate and my sister Holly, when I started feeling contractions. 'Sadie, I think we need to go the hospital,' Holly said. She and Jude helped me to the waiting limo, with Kate rushing in, determined to be with me at the birth. As we headed towards Santa Monica, Kate spotted a convenience store. Happier times: Mixing with famous friends, for a while, it seemed like Sadie had the perfect life 'Stop!' she shouted to the driver. 'We're going to need supplies.' The limo stopped and the others dived out to buy champagne and cigarettes before rushing on to the hospital. While waiting at the hospital, Jude put some Bob Marley on and sat and ate bananas because he was so nervous, while Holly and Kate paced about the hall. Almost seven hours later, on October 25, 2000, our daughter Iris Tallulah was born. The day she came back to our house in Malibu was Heaven. I sat on the deck in the sun with Iris, watching the dolphins play in the ocean. In my lifetime I don't think I've felt so complete, surrounded by my three children, husband and friends. Sadly, illness is cruel and that horribly familiar sinking feeling returned - PND was setting in again. This time I'd convinced myself that it wouldn't be a problem. Illness doesn't listen, though. It seduced me into its cold, dark arms. Jude tried to understand, but the more we had to socialise at grand dinner parties in Hollywood, the more I felt my self-esteem slipping away. Soon I admitted defeat and went to see a doctor, who diagnosed PND and put me back on medication. The more I worried about my condition, the more self-obsessed I became and the less attention I gave to Jude. Back in London, we were busy with the children and our careers. Jude was up for lots more roles and I was still feeling low, struggling to hold the relationship together, feeling threatened. I hid my pain by falling back on parties and socialising, but I still felt I was missing something. It was probably a bad idea to get pregnant again, knowing how badly I suffered with PND, but part of me wanted another baby. One sunny morning, Kate Moss called me. 'Sadie, I'm coming round. I think I'm pregnant.' 'I think I am, too,' I said. Together we did pregnancy tests, dancing around the room when we found we were both positive. Luckily, I had Kate to keep me company during the pregnancy. In September 2002, my son Rudy Indiana Otis came into the world weighing less than 6lb. Jude, Kate and her then boyfriend Jefferson Hack, Rhys Ifans and his girlfriend Jess Morris and I celebrated by singing The Specials' song A Message To You, Rudy. Soon after Kate's daughter Lila was born, I took Rafferty to a birthday party in Soho for my friend Pearl Lowe's son Alfie. What happened that afternoon has been well documented in the Press but, for legal reasons and out of respect to my family, I'm not going to dwell on it. What I will say, though, is that my actions that day were those of a responsible parent who did everything she could to protect her child. Illness: Sadie's ongoing battle post-natal depression took its toll on her marriage to Jude he next morning, I was woken by strange noises in the street. Outside were four or five news vans and an army of photographers on stepladders. Suddenly I was public enemy number one. The criticism cut me wide open - I was barely holding it together anyway. As the days passed, I sat in my kitchen, wearied by the pressure and wondering what was the point. The fallout from the incident meant the PND kicked in even harder and sent me spiralling downwards. One day, I was looking for a list of things I had to pack before flying to Thailand to meet Jude for a family holiday. The bedroom carpet seemed to come towards me. All I could see were the specks of hair and fluff on the floor. I wanted to clear them all up. I scanned my lovely bedroom in the house we had bought and designed but it felt cold and empty. Even the chic wallpaper and dark wood furniture seemed to repel me. The carpet stretched on for miles in all directions. How was I ever going to pick up all the fluff? Elsewhere in the house I heard Rafferty and Iris fighting. The door opened. Zoe came in and sat me on the bed, saying something, but I couldn't hear her. She seemed to be moving her lips but not speaking. 'Sadie! Listen to me,' I made out. 'You need help.' It was as if a crack had appeared in my shiny facade. Whatever was going wrong between Jude and me, I had put on a united front for family. 'I don't think you have any choice,' Zoe said. 'I think you need to go into a clinic.' 'What, me? I do? Why?' 'Because I think you're having a breakdown.' 'OK, fine. I will. But I just need to get to Thailand and see Jude.' 'But you're exhausted, Sadie. You need to rest and...' I cut her off mid-sentence by throwing a newspaper at her. On the front page was a picture of Jude and a woman sitting close together at a party. 'I need to sort this out with him, Zoe. It's probably c*** but we need to talk and show a united front.' Jude and I flew to Thailand separately. Right away I knew something was wrong. I knew it was over, the way he looked at me. I was underweight, depressed and scared. We got through the holiday, then we had to go to Los Angeles for a meeting with our joint agency. When we got to our hotel room I could bear it no longer. I asked him if he loved me but he didn't need to reply - I knew the answer. The moment had arrived and I knew the relationship with the man I loved was over. I could not go on feeling this wretched, but, thankfully, my American agent took one look at me and advised me to seek help. Young love: Sadie and Jude on the set of the 1994 filml Shopping, which also starred Sean Pertwee At a clinic, a doctor, a black-haired, hawk-like woman, asked me questions, insisting on calling me Stacey. I didn't like her: all I wanted was space and peace. She recommended I enter treatment straight away. 'No thanks,' I said, getting up from the chair. 'I'll see a doctor when I get home.' I ran out of the clinic down a street. As I hurried, I felt a huge hand wrap around my upper arm from behind. 'Mrs Law, ma'am?' said a massive, uniformed man from the clinic. 'I'm afraid I have to take you back to the clinic.' 'Why?' I asked. He wouldn't let go of my arm. 'Under Californian law, the patient is not legally allowed to terminate an assessment and therefore I am committing you to our care for 28 days,' he said, turning me and leading me back down the street. Panic rose. It was here, the day I'd been dreading. I saw my father standing before me, smiling, as if this was my fate. I was being sectioned, as he had been, and his madness was inside me. All the happiness with my man and my children had been a dream. I'd come straight from childhood to this place. The psychiatric ward was as bad as I'd imagined: plastic sheets on the bed and bars on the windows. It was obvious to me and to the staff that this was not the best place for me. Fortunately, a friend was allowed to take me to his home a week later. Soon Zoe arrived from London to accompany me home. My marriage to Jude Law was over. As soon as I got back to London I checked myself into a clinic to be treated for my depression but I didn't feel able to open the almighty Pandora's box that was my past. All I needed to carry on were my children and my work. I left the clinic after a week and went back home. I wanted to give my children even more love. I loved the tender moments that we shared - they gave me strength to go on as a single mother. Cover girl: Sadie is a regular on magazine covers Some time later, I was told about a counsellor called Chip, and soon I found the courage to give him a call. I'd been holding all this stuff in for so long that now it felt as if the years of childhood pain and all the times since then that I'd refused to deal with it were bursting to get out of me, leaking from my seams like a bulging bag of rubbish. Chip just listened as I let it all come out and didn't stop crying for an hour-and-a-half. I told him I felt that part of my life was over, the part that contained alcohol and parties. I'd had enough of both and felt that booze had no further role to play in my life. As I left I had an overwhelming feeling of light. Although still engulfed in darkness, I had a sense something new had begun, something about finding out who I really was. I started to see Chip every week and began to come to terms with my past instead of getting drunk and crying about it. I was never reliant on alcohol or even used it every day; it was more that I couldn't handle it when I did drink - who it made me into. It meant that I couldn't do my life, my career and my children. Without it, I could keep everything in balance. I took up yoga and the gym, and my sessions with Chip made things look much more manageable. In my house today there is music and laughter with my children. Every weekend we amuse ourselves listening to Raff play the drums or Finlay singing songs he has written or Iris practising the piano or Rudy playing the trumpet. My gang of children are my closest friends, growing up into creative people. I know I can trust myself now and walk on solid foundations. I don't regret the past, nor do I dwell on it. I'm just pleased I can trust myself and others can, too. I've probably recovered from manic depression, or severe PND, which has weaved such a dance of destruction through my adult life. I've realised, as a woman and a mother, that depression is not something we like to admit to. The stigma remains: as a mother you are supposed to cope and not admit defeat. What saved me was being able to ask for help and to accept it. It was the best thing to do because as soon as I did, recovery was swift. To come through and out the other end, into the light, you have to experience pain. Yes, there are moments of loneliness but I now have a routine and rhythm to my life that I didn't have before. Every morning I wake with my four children. We have at least seven cups of tea during the day and at night we have cups of cocoa and cuddles. Glamorous it ain't, but it's real life, and I'm happy.	Sadie Frost
What name is given to any work of religious art which depicts the baby Jesus with his mother?	Sadie Frost would marry again FacebookEmail Twitter Google+ LinkedIn Pinterest Sadie Frost would marry again Sadie Frost has admitted she would ''love'' to get married again despite her failed marriages to Jude Law and Gary Kemp. Post to Facebook Sadie Frost would marry again Sadie Frost has admitted she would ''love'' to get married again despite her failed marriages to Jude Law and Gary Kemp. Check out this story on azcentral.com: http://azc.cc/1TPDGrk CancelSend A link has been sent to your friend's email address. Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Join the Conversation To find out more about Facebook commenting please read the Conversation Guidelines and FAQs Sadie Frost would marry again Bang Showbiz 11:49 a.m. MST August 17, 2015 Sadie Frost (Photo: Bang Showbiz) Sadie frost would ''love'' to get married again. The 50-year-old actress was married to Spandau Ballet star Gary Kemp from 1988 to 1995 and 'Sherlock Holmes' actor Jude Law from 1997 to 2003 and although neither of those relationships worked out, it hasn't put her off tying the knot again in the future. She said: ''Yeah, definitely. I would. I'd love to. I really believe in relationships. But to tell you the truth I've got a really busy few months where I'm just focused on work and I'm not really...'' The 'Dracula' star - who claims she's ''not really'' seeing anyone at the moment - insists she feels more ''complete'', having recently turned 50, than she ever has before. She explained: ''It's funny that you get to this age that is symbolic, that looks quite old, but I just don't [feel it] ... I can do everything that I did in my 20s - but better. Everything. If you're talking about running up a hill, or writing something that's meaningful, engaging in something. I'm more mindful of other people. Everything is more complete.'' Sadie - who has son Finlay with Gary as well as sons Rafferty and Rudy and daughter Iris with Jude - also admitted her sex life has improved. She added to the Sunday Telegraph newspaper: ''Yeah of course. I mean I can't complain about that either.'' Daily Celebrity Watch Posted! A link has been posted to your Facebook feed. Bollywood actress Jacqueline Fernandez (top) attends a Christmas-themed charity event in Mumbai on December 22, 2016. AFP/Getty Images Spanish actor Guillermo Campra (center) attends 'Assassin's Creed' premiere at Kinepolis cinema on on December 22, 2016 in Madrid, Spain. Carlos Alvarez/Getty Images Fullscreen Prince Gabriel, Queen Mathilde of Belgium, Prince Emmanuel, King Philip of Belgium, Princess Eleonore, Princess Elisabeth, Princes Astrid and Prince Lorenz attend the Christmas Concert at the Royal Palace on December 21, 2016 in Brussels, Belgium. (Photo by Olivier Matthys/Getty Images) Olivier Matthys, Getty Images Fullscreen Australian FMX rider Robbie Maddison celebrates after riding his motorbike along the surface of the Yarra River on December 22, 2016 in Melbourne, Australia. The xXxTreme Yarra River Ride is inspired by a major stunt from the film xXx: Return of Xander Cage which Robbie was the lead stunt rider. xXx: Return of Xander Cage will be in Australian cinemas from January 19, 2017. (Photo by Scott Barbour/Getty Images for Paramount Pictures) Scott Barbour, Getty Images for Paramount Pictu NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 21: Singer yasiin bey performs in concert at The Apollo Theater on December 21, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Noam Galai/Getty Images) Noam Galai, Getty Images Indian Bollywood actor Govinda celebrates his 53rd birthday with a promotion of the upcoming Hindi Film 'Aagaya Hero' in Mumbai on December 21, 2016. / AFP / STRINGER (Photo credit should read STRINGER/AFP/Getty Images) STRINGER, AFP/Getty Images NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 20: Matthew McConaughey Visits "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon" at Rockefeller Center on December 20, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Theo Wargo/Getty Images for NBC) Theo Wargo, Getty Images for NBC Fullscreen Prima ballerina assoluta and director of Cuba's National Ballet Alicia Alonso (2-R), attends hers ballet's company class in Havana, on December 20, 2016. This Wednesday Alicia Alonso celebrates her 96th birthday . / AFP / YAMIL LAGE (Photo credit should read YAMIL LAGE/AFP/Getty Images) YAMIL LAGE, AFP/Getty Images Fullscreen "Prima ballerina assoluta" and director of Cuba's National Ballet Alicia Alonso, gestures as she attends hers ballet's company class in Havana, on December 20, 2016. This Wednesday Alicia Alonso celebrates her 96th birthday . / AFP / YAMIL LAGE (Photo credit should read YAMIL LAGE/AFP/Getty Images) YAMIL LAGE, AFP/Getty Images NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 20: Actor Chazz Palminteri attends the Chazz Palminteri Ride Of Fame Induction Ceremony at Pier 78 on December 20, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Monica Schipper/Getty Images for Ride of Fame) Monica Schipper, Getty Images for Ride of Fame NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 20: Gianna Ranaudo and actor Chazz Palminteri attend the Chazz Palminteri Ride Of Fame Induction Ceremony at Pier 78 on December 20, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Monica Schipper/Getty Images for Ride of Fame) Monica Schipper, Getty Images for Ride of Fame NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 20: Matthew McConaughey Visits "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon" at Rockefeller Center on December 20, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Theo Wargo/Getty Images for NBC) Theo Wargo, Getty Images for NBC NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 20: Matthew McConaughey Visits "The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon" at Rockefeller Center on December 20, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Theo Wargo/Getty Images for NBC) Theo Wargo, Getty Images for NBC PITTSBURGH, PA - DECEMBER 20: Signs for the Cast & Crew Special Screening of the Paramount Pictures title "FENCES" at Southside Works Cinema on December 20, 2016 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Duane Prokop/Getty Images for Paramount Pictures) Duane Prokop, Getty Images for Paramount Pictu PITTSBURGH, PA - DECEMBER 20: Denzel Washington attends the Cast & Crew Special Screening of the Paramount Pictures title "FENCES" at Southside Works Cinema on December 20, 2016 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. (Photo by Duane Prokop/Getty Images for Paramount Pictures) Duane Prokop, Getty Images for Paramount Pictu Fullscreen NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 19: (L-R) Jovan Adepo, Pauletta Washington, and Denzel Washington attend the "Fences" New York Screening - After Party at Tavern on the Green in New York City on December 19, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Mike Coppola/Getty Images) Mike Coppola, Getty Images LONDON, ENGLAND - DECEMBER 19: (L-R) Benedict Cumberbatch and Martin Freeman attend a screening of the Sherlock 2016 Christmas Special at Ham Yard Hotel on December 19, 2016 in London, England. (Photo by Jeff Spicer/Getty Images) Jeff Spicer, Getty Images Fullscreen NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 19: Actor Ryan Reynolds attends the Q and A during The Contenders Screening of DEADPOOL With Ryan Reynolds at MOMA on December 19, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Lars Niki/Getty Images for Museum of Modern Art, Department of Film) Lars Niki, Getty Images for Museum of Moder LONDON, ENGLAND - DECEMBER 19: Martin Freeman attends a screening of the Sherlock 2016 Christmas Special at Ham Yard Hotel on December 19, 2016 in London, England. (Photo by Jeff Spicer/Getty Images) Jeff Spicer, Getty Images Fullscreen NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 19: Actors Viola Davis, Denzel Washington and Saniyya Sidney (front) take part in SiriusXM's Town Hall With the cast of 'Fences' hosted by Karen Hunter on December 19, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Cindy Ord/Getty Images for SiriusXM) Cindy Ord, Getty Images for SiriusXM Fullscreen Frederic van Anhalt speaks during a press conference, one day after the death of his wife, Zsa Zsa Gabor,(photo) at his home in Los Angeles California, on December 19, 2016. Zsa Zsa Gabor, the Hungarian-born Hollywood siren perhaps better known for her prodigious love life than her movie credits, died after suffering a heart attack on Sunday. She was 99. / AFP / RINGO CHIU (Photo credit should read RINGO CHIU/AFP/Getty Images) RINGO CHIU, AFP/Getty Images BOSTON, MA - DECEMBER 19: Boston Bruins (L to R) Riley Nash, Matt Belesky, Torey Krug, and Zdeno Chara visit Mackenzie at Boston Children's Hospital on December 19, 2016 in Boston, Massachusetts. (Photo by Darren McCollester/Getty Images for Boston Children's Hospital) Darren McCollester, Getty Images for Boston Children Fullscreen NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 19: Sir Paul McCartney attends DuJour Media, JetSmarter's Ronn Torossian, Gilt's Jonathan Greller, Jason Binn & elit Vodka's celebration of "This Beautiful Fantastic" at the Park Hyatt on December 19, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Astrid Stawiarz/Getty Images for DuJour) Astrid Stawiarz, Getty Images for DuJour Fullscreen NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 19: Sir Paul McCartney and Nancy Shevell attend DuJour Media, JetSmarter's Ronn Torossian, Gilt's Jonathan Greller, Jason Binn & elit Vodka's celebration of "This Beautiful Fantastic" at the Park Hyatt on December 19, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Astrid Stawiarz/Getty Images for DuJour) Astrid Stawiarz, Getty Images for DuJour Fullscreen NEW YORK, NY - DECEMBER 19: View of DuJour Media, JetSmarter's Ronn Torossian, Gilt's Jonathan Greller, Jason Binn & elit Vodka's celebration of "This Beautiful Fantastic" at the Park Hyatt on December 19, 2016 in New York City. (Photo by Jason Kempin/Getty Images for DuJour) Jason Kempin, Getty Images for DuJour MADRID, SPAIN - DECEMBER 20: Irene Villa (C) attends 'Flor Dulce de Navidad' charity breakfast at Ciudad de la Raqueta Sport Club on December 20, 2016 in Madrid, Spain. (Photo by Carlos Alvarez/Getty Images) Carlos Alvarez, Getty Images Stevie Nicks and Chrissie Hynde perform at the Forum on Dec. 18, 2016, in Inglewood, Calif. Kevin Winter/Getty Images Stevie Nicks performs at the Forum on Dec. 18, 2016, in Inglewood, Calif. Kevin Winter/Getty Images Chrissie Hynde performs at the Forum on Dec. 18, 2016, in Inglewood, Calif. Kevin Winter/Getty Images Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, attends a Christmas party at the youth-support charity The Mix in London on Dec. 19, 2016. Alastair Grant/AFP/Getty Images Britain's Prince Harry and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, attend a Christmas party at the youth-support charity The Mix in London on Dec. 19, 2016. Alastair Grant/AFP/Getty Images Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, decorates a gingerbread house at the Christmas party at the youth-support charity The Mix in London on Dec. 19, 2016. Alastair Grant/AFP/Getty Images Gordon Ramsay signs "Bread Street Kitchen" at Selfridges on Dec. 19, 2016, in London. Tim P. Whitby/Getty Images Gordon Ramsay signs "Bread Street Kitchen" at Selfridges on Dec. 19, 2016, in London. Tim P. Whitby/Getty Images John Legend (left) and winner Tay Schmedtmann perform during the "The Voice Of Germany'" finale on Dec. 18, 2016, in Berlin. Clemens Bilan/Getty Images Alicia Keys performs during the "The Voice Of Germany'" finale on Dec. 18, 2016, in Berlin. Clemens Bilan/Getty Images Actor Gerard Depardieu talks on the phone during a master class in Buenos Aires on Dec.19, 2016. Eitan Abramovich/AFP/Getty Images Hailee Steinfeld performs at the Y100's Jingle Ball on Dec. 18, 2016, in Sunrise, Fla. Gustavo Caballero/Getty Images Actor Chris Noth attends a screening of "Manchester by the Sea" on Dec. 18, 2016, in New York City. Astrid Stawiarz/Getty Images Like this topic? You may also like these photo galleries: Replay	i don't know
How many episodes of Only Fools and Horses were there? a. 65 b. 85 c. 105 d. 125	Project MUSE - The Campanian Case of Gaius Lucilius: Downtrodden Satire from Suessa Aurunca The Campanian Case of Gaius Lucilius: Downtrodden Satire from Suessa Aurunca Ian Goh Abstract The hometown of the verse satirist Gaius Lucilius was Suessa Aurunca, on the border between Latium and Campania. This chapter investigates the remnants of Campania in this poet’s surviving fragments and reception, mostly in Horace but also in Cicero and Juvenal. Horses, gladiators, pots, theater, and pronunciation are all Campanian aspects of the satirist’s cultural identity, despite his invention of a Roman genre. Contexts of arrogance and militarism, harking back to fighting against Rome in centuries-old wars, mingle in Lucilius with tourism and conspicuous consumption as markers of insider and outsider positioning vis-à-vis Campania, a half-forgotten homeland for the satirist. The inventor of Roman verse satire, 1 Gaius Lucilius, was born, probably in 180 BCE, 2 in the town of Suessa Aurunca, on the border between Latium and Campania, between the rivers Liris and the Vulturnus, a town colonized by the Romans in 313 BCE. 3 We know Lucilius was from there because of the scholium to some programmatic lines of Juvenal: cur tamen hoc potius libeat decurrere campo,per quem magnus equos Auruncae flexit alumnussi uacat ac placidi rationem admittitis, edam. (Juv. 1.19-21) 4 [End Page 91] But why I choose to traverse the same plain across which Aurunca’s star student steered his horses, I’ll tell you, if you are free and take in my rationale calmly. This town, Suessa Aurunca, was traditionally a stronghold of the Aurunci, their major base. To explain why it might be important to Campanian identity, the theme of this collection of essays, we need to invoke the Great Latin War of almost two centuries before Lucilius’ floruit. In this major turning point for Roman history, the Latin league, including Volsci, Campani, and Aurunci, were beaten by the Romans and Samnites. At least one battle was fought, as Diodorus Siculus has it, 5 at Suessa Aurunca: Ῥωμαῖοι δὲ πρὸς Λατίνους καὶ Καμπανοὺς παραταξάμενοι περὶ πόλιν Σούεσσαν ἐνίκησαν καὶ τῶν ἡττηθέντων μέρος τῆς χώρας ἀφείλοντο. ὁ δὲ κατωρθωκὼς τὴν μάχην Μάλλιος ὁ ὕπατος ἐθριάμβευσεν. (Diod. Sic. 16.90.2) And the Romans, drawn up around the town of Suessa against the Latins and Campanians, defeated them, and annexed part of the land of the conquered. Manlius, the consul who had won the battle, celebrated a triumph. This campaign was famous because, as Livy recounts, it led to Manlius Torquatus celebrating a triumph in 340 BCE, having in its course put his son to death for disobeying his orders (Liv. 8.7.1-22); so, too, this section of Livy contains the equally exemplary story of the deuotio of Decius Mus (Liv. 8.8.19-11.1). 6 And as a result of this war, ciuitas sine suffragio was extended to the defeated Latin peoples, and Rome’s hold over the Italian peninsula started to take shape. 7 Talking the cultural identity talk, as I intend to do about Lucilius, is important because, as Quintilian famously observes, Roman satire is the one genre that “at least is wholly ours” (quidem tota nostra est, Inst. 10.1.93). And Suessa Aurunca, Lucilius’ hometown, is important for early interactions between Rome and Campania proper because the Via Appia originally ran through it. 8 However, after 296 BCE the town was bypassed by the redirection of the Appia from [End Page 92] Minturnae through nearby Sinuessa. Hence Horace missed Suessa on his journey to Brundisium in Satire 1.5, and instead he met some dear friends, including Virgil, at Sinuessa: Plotius et Varius Sinuessae Vergiliusqueoccurrunt, animae quales neque candidioresterra tulit neque quis me sit deuinctior alter. (Hor. S. 1.5.40-42) Plotius and Varius and Virgil ran into us at Sinuessa; the earth never bore brighter souls, and none to whom I was more attached. The choice of this meeting-point, in terms of its proximity to Naples with the Epicurean school of Philodemus and Siro (with which Varius, Virgil, and Horace had connections), 9 has the advantage of effectively erasing Lucilius from the northern Campanian landscape. We know from Porphyrio on Satire 1.5 that that poem is modelled on a voyage taken and/or described by Lucilius in his book 3, so that the absence of a pilgrimage to Lucilius’ hometown, and indeed its replacement by a location with a similar name, might be taken as sacrilege against the founder of satire. And yet, later in the same poem, there is a famous problem: the travelling companions end up staying at a town whose name cannot be represented in hexameter (1.5.84-90). Although many options have been suggested—principally, Equus Tuticus, Ausculum, and Herdoniae 10 —and indirection is part of Horace’s point, I am tempted by Gowers’ candidate, Venusia. 11 This was Horace’s hometown, and the inability to reveal its name is a joke indebted to Lucilius, as the earlier poet had done the same for a slaves’ festival (228-29 Marx = 252-53 Warmington). 12 If, for argument’s sake, we take the town in question to be Venusia, then Horace, by withholding the name, is being coy about visiting his birthplace on this journey. Essentially, the end result is that he has not explicitly passed through it—which is of a piece with his refusal to so much as glimpse at the birthplace of his illustrious satiric predecessor, much less pay homage. Perhaps Lucilius played the same literary game in his book 3. 13 I should declare, as is customary at such a juncture, that my investigation into Lucilius’ Campanian origins is fraught with difficulty, not least because his thirty books of satires exist only in a fragmentary state, 1,400 lines or part-lines [End Page 93] largely bereft of context that require speculation to make some sense of them. While there are tantalizing hints there about Lucilius’ Campanian identity, such as the fact that Lucilius was given a public funeral in Naples according to Jerome (Chron. 148e Helm), they are unfortunately even flimsier than the remainder of what I have to say here. One thing will be clear, however: I consider Lucilius’ third book to be of vital importance to our understanding of his relationship with the regions outside Rome, and so I will circle back to the so-called Iter Siculum in the second half of this article. Also, on one of the biggest questions, namely to what extent we can explain Horace’s avowedly Roman reaction to Lucilius’ inclusion of Greek vocabulary in his poetry, 14 I will offer some thoughts at the end of this article, by using the elder poet’s heritage in Campania and exposure to Greek influences. But note that the principal aim of my essay is to uncover a putative construction of Campanian significance: Lucilius surely offered a self-fashioned persona of equal complexity and subtlety to Horace’s later intimations of Apulian identity. An all too easy fallback position, when responding to the lacunae which the fragments present stems from Horace (whose attitude to Campania in his two books of satires I will be equally concerned with here) He treats Lucilius as a purely literary construct, not a real individual, when he sets the earlier poet up as the primus inuentor of the genre of satire. As I shall also show in this article, though, our ideas about Lucilius should not be drawn solely from Horace’s deliberately confining picture of an unsophisticated, verbose satiric predecessor, even if we discern some reflection of rustic, provincial life away from Rome in the fragmentary remains. Instead of offering a central thesis about Lucilius’ Greekness, then, I will dance around the subject of Magna Graecia, so to speak, as I discuss thematically other aspects of Lucilius’ poetry that could be described as non-Roman, and specifically Campanian. That itself is a tough task when only two fragments use the adjective Campanus, one of which is mostly useless for our purposes as it consists of just the two words Campana Capua (1125 Marx, not assigned by Warmington). 15 Of course, there has long been discussion about whether Lucilius was in fact a Roman citizen, or whether as an eques municipalis he was an outsider in the “Big Smoke.” 16 We at least know he was an equestrian [End Page 94] (although that order was not responsible for horse provision, which had been outsourced to auxiliaries, by Lucilius’ time). That fact, together with his seeming fixation on horses, may serve as our initial link for him to the Campanians, who, as Tim Cornell writes, espoused an “addiction to horse-breeding and cavalry prowess.” 17 Only Fools and Horses That horse jokes are part of satire’s Campanian inheritance is borne out at another point on Horace’s Satire 1.5 journey. The traveling companions are witness, in a tavern, to a war of words between one of their party, a scurra named Sarmentus, 18 and a local magistrate, Messius Cicirrus. Sarmentus’ opening gambit is to call Messius a unicorn (the traditional translation, despite Plin. Nat. 8.76): ‘equi te / esse feri similem dico’ (“I say you’re like the wild horse,” S. 1.5.56-57). The reason is perhaps the scar on his head which Sarmentus pretends is where Messius’ horn had been cut off (1.5.58-60); this could well be a growth resulting from “the Campanian disease”: Campanum in morbum, in faciem permulta iocatus,pastorem saltaret uti Cyclopa rogabat:nil illi larua aut tragicis opus esse cothurnis. (Hor. S. 1.5.62-64) Joking some more at his features and the Campanian disease, Sarmentus asked Messius to dance like a shepherd Cyclops: nor did he need a mask or the tragic boots. Whatever this local illness may have been—and Ortwin Knorr may be right that that physical symptom is a red herring and the malady may be merely a manifestation of the typically Campanian trait of arrogance, 19 to which I shall return—the episode shows that a Campanian presence seems to be bound up with popular entertainment and the problem of acceptable invective. It is no surprise that Messius’ origin is apparently Oscan (1.5.54), whence according to the commentator Pseudo-Acro the etymology of obscenus: this reference alludes to forms of local entertainment, fabulae Atellanae, a slapstick genre of Italian farces. 20 [End Page 95] The conuiuium would have been a suitable, if smaller-scale, place for such entertainment, and a riddle that appears in Lucilius may have been rehearsed in that context. It features a horse being watched: 21 quis hunc currere ecum nos atque equitare uidemus,his equitat curritque. oculis equitare uidemus:ergo oculis equitat. (Lucil. 1284-86 Marx = 1250-52 Warmington) What we see this horse run and go with, by means of those things he runs and goes. We see him running by means of our eyes, therefore he goes by means of eyes. The puzzle, noteworthy for its repetition (typical of such a captio or ἐνθύμημα), requires no equestrian knowledge and, indeed, echoes (at some remove) Aristotelian logic. 22 It speaks more to abstract than to practical concerns. The opposite seems to be true of a fragment which Gellius tells us came from book 15, when citing it to prove that mille is always singular (Gel. 1.16.10). These three lines feature a contest between two horses, judged on the basis of speed, so again we have an appraisal, but seemingly about success rather than semantics: hunc milli passum qui uicerit atque duobusCampanus sonipes succussor nullus sequeturmaiore in spatio ac diuersus uidebitur ire. (Lucil. 506-8 Marx = 511-13 Warmington) A bumpy clatterer from Campania, although he might gain the lead over this horse in race of one or two miles, will not only trail him in a longer race, but seem to be going in the opposite direction. Now, the high-flown word sonipes, which first appears in Accius but may be an Ennian coinage, 23 and the adjective Campanus denoting the hypothetical horse’s provenance, both jar with the derogatory succussor, if the other Lucilian use of the word, which equates a “jolter” with a “slow, ugly horse,” is any indication. 24 While I do not know where some commentators on the fragment get the idea that the unnamed hunc comes from Spain, 25 what happens when we identify the Campanus with Lucilius himself, bearing in mind his origins in Campania? The conjunction of sonipes and succussor is reminiscent of the mash of hexameter with down-home subjects that embodies Lucilius’ greatest [End Page 96] innovation, the regularization of verse satire in a set meter. 26 If the satirist’s stand-in is put on the back foot by a speaker in his own poem, authorial claims to expertise become unstable. Indeed, this fragment is about the insubstantiality of victory and defying appearances. At a stretch, it might be about the diversity of satire, that catchall medley of a genre; we could even be reminded in diuersus uidebitur ire of the Stephen Leacock bon mot, “Lord Ronald said nothing; he flung himself from the room, flung himself upon his horse and rode madly off in all directions.” 27 More seriously, the denigration of the Campanian horse sits oddly with Horace’s stance towards Lucilius in the matter of chosen mounts: ut ueni coram, singultim pauca locutus(infans namque pudor prohibebat plura profari)non ego me claro natum patre, non ego circumme Satureiano uectari rura caballo,sed quod eram narro. (Hor. S. 1.6.56-60) When I came face to face with you, I gulped out a few words (because childish shame prevented me from speaking further), and I told you not that I was the son of a distinguished father, not that I rode around the country on a Satureian steed, but what I was. When he first encounters Maecenas in Satire 1.6, the shy and stuttering Horace claims not to be high-born or wealthy, not to be the kind of person who pilots a horse around the countryside. This noble rider has long been identified with Lucilius. 28 Shortly afterwards in the same poem Horace claims that for him himself a ramshackle steed will [End Page 97] suffice, a mere mule disfigured because it has been castrated—cut short, like his Iter Brundisinum poem Satire 1.5: nunc mihi curtoire licet mulo uel si libet usque Tarentummantica cui lumbos onere ulceret atque eques armos. (Hor. S. 1.6.104-6) As it is, if I like I can go right up to Tarentum on a gelded mule, whose loins the saddlebag chafes, and whose shoulders the horseman wounds. Horace is an equestrian willing to ride a mule. 29 But then again, so was Lucilius: the Lucilian line that Porphyrio adduces as a comparandum (ad Hor. S. 1.6.104-6), mantica cantheri costas grauitate premebat (“the saddlebag was pressing on the mule’s ribs because of its weight,” 1207 Marx = 101 Warmington), suggests a similar occurrence. 30 My point is that even though Horace looks askance at Lucilius’ superiority, Lucilius may have already cast himself as a ramshackle Campanian rider. And if we accept that, the information in 506-8 Marx = 511-13 Warmington that the Campanian horse is good for short courses should condition our unthinking acceptance of Horace’s other famous contrast between his short-winded satires and Lucilius’ muddy (lutulentus, S. 1.4.10) flow: Lucilius may already have claimed—ironically, even—brevity for himself. While this seems a lot of weight for an innocuous three-line fragment to bear when it does not certainly relate to Lucilius, we can set its playfulness in the context of Campanian humor, construed as autochthonous, native, and earthy. Cicero demonstrates a feel for the genre in his correspondence with Paetus: itaque, te cum uideo, omnes mihi Granios, omnes Lucilios—uere ut dicam—Crassos quoque et Laelios uidere uideor: moriar, si praeter te quemquam reliquum habeo, in quo possim imaginem antiquae et uernaculae festiuitatis agnoscere. (Cic. Fam. 9.18.4) [End Page 98] And so, when I see you, it is as though I am seeing the likes of Granius and Lucilius entire—truth to tell, the likes of Crassus and Laelius as well. I’ll be damned if I have anybody but you left, in whom I could recognize the image of our olden-day and native humor. Paetus is living in Campania, and a noteworthy aspect of the line-up of comedians cited by Cicero is that it is not strictly Roman, consisting as it does of two native Campanians and two Romans who owned property there (Granius was a Campanian auctioneer who seems to feature prominently as a character in Lucilius). 31 But Cicero has equated Paetus with these jesters past in terms of homegrown Roman wit. Another letter that revolves around food gags of the kind Lucilius might have enjoyed culminates in the encouragement to come back and join the staff of Cicero’s “philosophical school.” What is more, Paetus, Cicero then jokes, was so desperate for food or money that he sold (or ate?) his horse and will only have a mule on which to return to Rome. 32 Even if Horace, riding his mule away from Rome, is not mindful of Cicero’s ribbing of Paetus, it is surely significant that Paetus is both a mere equestrian (like Lucilius) and in Campania. 33 The question is: how much of an outsider does one have to be before urbanitas becomes impossible, or libertas possible? Is Campania far enough? After all, Cicero had to endure invective about his supposedly humble upbringing in Arpinum, away from the bustle of the capital. 34 A Lucilian line quoted by Cicero shows that Lucilius’ satires were not entirely concerned with running wild and getting ahead: sustineas currum, ut bonus saepe agitator, equosque, “hold back your chariot and horses as a good driver often does” (1305 Marx = 1249 Warmington). Cicero adduces the sentiment in a letter to Atticus (Att. 13.21.3), when admitting that he had been wrong about translating the Greek ἐποχή, “suspension of judgment” with a Latin equivalent, inhibere, “to hold back,” literally “to back water with the oars.” His mistake was, so he says, to think that the command involved stopping rowing. Checking oneself requires effort, according to Lucilian advice, and the context of Cicero’s quotation, in a discussion of translation from Greek, anticipates the Greek telos of this article. Thus it is a mistake to think (following Horace) that Lucilian [End Page 99] poetics involved pure “sound and fury”: decorum and self-effacement, we are seeing, may have played a role. Gladiators, Ready (for the Pot) In line with this apparent need for self-control, when we consider what makes up the liberal jest, the important issue is a disavowal of belligerence. 35 I suggest that it is the powerful association of Campania with gladiatorial combat, thanks to its training schools in Capua, 36 which lies behind the portrayal of aggression in Lucilius. The swaggering authority required by competitors is on show in Lucilius’ fourth book, where a famous gladiator, Pacideianus, is set to compete against another named Aeserninus: Aeserninus fuit Flaccorum munere quidamSamnis, spurcus homo, uita illa dignus locoque.cum Pacideiano conponitur, optimus multopost homines natos gladiator qui fuit unus. (Lucil. 149-52 Marx = 172-75 Warmington) In the show put on by the Flacci there was a certain Aeserninus, a Samnite, a nasty fellow, worthy of that life and position. He was matched with Pacideianus, who was by far the single best gladiator after the creation of man. The fragment, which Cicero cites in his discussion of anger in the Tusculan Disputations (4.48), that editors universally suppose follows on from this, features Pacideianus arrogantly ranting about how he is going to lay waste his opponent: ‘occidam illum equidem et uincam, si id quaeritis’, inquit.‘uerum illud credo fore: in os prius accipiam ipsequam gladium in stomacho furi ac pulmonibus sisto:odi hominem, iratus pugno, nec longius quicquamnobis, quam dextrae gladium dum accommodet alter:usque adeo studio atque odio illius ecferor ira.’ (Lucil. 153-8 Marx = 176-81 Warmington) “I for my part will kill him and win, if you ask for it,” he said. “But I think it will happen like this: I’ll receive his blows to my face before I stick my sword in the wretch’s gut and lungs. I hate the man, I fight in anger, and we won’t delay any longer than it takes for one of us to fit a sword in his right hand: so much am I transported by rage, passion and hatred of him.” Lucilius makes Pacideianus speak poetry, with imaginative pretensions of his own: “I think it will happen like this.” And yet the Lucilian example, being [End Page 100] “eigentlich unprofessionelle,” 37 is cited by Cicero as the exception that proves the rule of gladiatorial equanimity as ideal before a contest. What I am interested in right now is the identification of Aeserninus as a Samnite. According to Livy gladiators were originally Samnite prisoners of war, referred to in derogatory fashion and forced to perform: 38 et Romani quidem ad honorem deum insignibus armis hostium usi sunt: Campani ad superbiam et odio Samnitium gladiatores, quod spectaculum inter epulas erat, eo ornatu armarunt Samnitiumque nomine compellarunt. (Liv. 9.40.17) So the Romans made use of the splendid armor of their enemies in honor to the gods: while the Campanians, in consequence of their pride and in hatred of the Samnites, equipped after this fashion the gladiators who furnished them entertainment at their feasts, and bestowed upon them the name of Samnites. The aetiology, with its identification of Campanian influence, is apposite to our theme. 39 I suspect that the effusive praise of Pacideianus and extravagant blame of Aeserninus can be linked to a Campanian distaste for Samnites, or even Samnite militarization, 40 rather than “a certain contempt for what is not of the city.” 41 Pacideianus is the “single best gladiator since the origin of man” 42 —perhaps a cue to think about where Lucilius was born (natus), and then the extent to which the satirist is himself a performer of ambiguous status, pugnacious in his faultfinding. 43 What kind of entertainment did Lucilius provide, and for whom? In [End Page 101] Horace’s portrait of his predecessor from Satire 2.1, more conciliatory than his portrayals before, Lucilius is shown as a boon companion of the nobles Scipio Aemilianus and Laelius: quin ubi se a uulgo et scaena secreta remorantuirtus Scipiadae et mitis sapientia Laeli,nugari cum illo et discincti ludere, donecdecoqueretur holus, soliti. (Hor. S. 2.1.71-74) In fact, when the brave Scipionic scion and gentle, wise Laelius had withdrawn from the crowd and left the stage for a private place, they were accustomed to fool about with him, and to play with their belts loosened, while the cabbage cooked down. Their fun and games together, while the cabbage—that humble country food—is boiling away (presumably in a pot, to which we shall return), are conducted away from the public stage, which Peter Wiseman wants to read as an admission that satire was designed to be recited or even acted out in theaters. 44 At this juncture, I want to explore the role of the gladiator in relation to the satirist as public rather than private entertainment and, in particular, in terms of the luxurious implications of leisure activities (ludere in the Horatian extract). We should remember the claim in the opening of Terence’s Hecyra that the play’s second performance, when it had been revised after the work’s invidious premiere, at the funeral games of Aemilius Paullus in 160 BCE was derailed by an influx of a crowd who had heard that “there was going to be a gladiator show” (datum iri gladiatores, Hec. 40). This famous passage may well be disingenuous, 45 but it does give a flavor of what theatrical performances were up against—or associated with. Gladiatorial entertainments could have taken place in theaters as part of ludi funebres that would also have included stage performances, 46 although they were, up to Augustus’ reign at least, not part of public Roman religious festivals, but restricted to private shows. 47 If gladiators were seen as swaggering actor-type celebrities with extravagant habits, they might be anathema to those preaching restraint and humble moderation, as a Lucilius who liked a quiet supper of cabbage might have done, even if [End Page 102] it was with noble friends. A fragment of book 26 describes someone as “having returned and footed it back so that he might avoid Rome with its gladiators” (rediisse ac repedasse, ut Romam uitet gladiatoribus, 677 Marx = 636 Warmington). 48 We might well ask: back to where? Of course, our inability to gauge whether the fragment is in the voice of, or refers to Lucilius himself, means we cannot work out whether Lucilius felt this way about gladiatorial shows, or even about city living in the manner of Umbricius in Juvenal 3. But shows took place in the city, where one would have seen “the forum sometimes adorned with lamps in the Roman games” (Romanis ludis forus olim ornatus lucernis, 146 Marx = 148 Warmington). 49 And adjacent to this last fragment in book 3 Lucilius may have compared that picture of the forum to the sparks flying from a volcano. 50 The public decoration of the forum was the responsibility of the aedile organizing the games there, 51 and we must ask whether luxurious ornament was expected. 52 Bronze lamps placed in equally prestigious candelabra would count as a luxury. 53 Even if the candelabrum was primarily a private household [End Page 103] item, 54 it may have suited the privately sponsored nature of gladiatorial munera. 55 This kind of light fixture was immortalized by Lucretius, whose examples, part of a critique of luxury, take the form of torch-bearing youths (Lucr. 2.24-26). However, we should bear in mind that they were not necessarily a symbol of inappropriate decadence: et reliqua ex collocatione uerborum quae sumuntur quasi lumina magnum afferunt ornatum orationi. sunt enim similia illis quae in amplo ornatu scaenae aut fori appellantur insignia, non quia sola ornent sed quod excellent. (Cic. Orat. 134) The other ornaments derived from combinations of words bring great decoration like lights to an oration. They are like those objects which in the full embellishment of a stage or forum are called outstanding, not because they are the only ornament, but because they stand out. If we recall that Livy’s passage about the origins of armed gladiatorial traditions, quoted above, observes that the Romans (in contrast to the Campanians) set up the Samnite spoils as offerings (9.40.17, just before the passage quoted above), then, even though that description is part of a critique of luxury, 56 we can claim that Lucilius’ flashes from the forum, comparable to Cicero’s rhetorical embellishments, might be caused by the light glinting off this ostentatious armor. So it is not such a bad thing after all. Still, the discourse of luxury means that the Samnite armor was not actually especially manly. 57 If Lucilius is to be comparable to a gladiator, it is not necessarily such a fighter’s masculine aggression that would have rubbed off on him, but a love for luxury. The haughtiness of Pacideianus in comparison to Aeserninus is pertinent too. 58 We should remember that Cicero attributes arrogance to the Campanians on account of their “fertile lands, abundant crops and healthiness, arrangement, and beauty of their city” (Agr. 2.95). That city would be Capua. 59 He continues, [End Page 104] in the same speech, by contrasting the cramped confines of Rome, on its hills, 60 with the spacious outlook of the premier Campanian city: 61 Romam in montibus positam et conuallibus, cenaculis sublatam atque suspensam, non optumis uiis, angustissimis semitis prae sua Capua planissimo in loco explicata ac praeclarissime sita irridebunt atque contemnent. (Cic. Agr. 2.96) They will laugh at and disdain Rome, placed in mountains and valleys, hung up and supported from its rooftops, its roads not the best, its paths the narrowest, in comparison with their own Capua, spread out on the widest of plains and situated beautifully. The luxurious fertility of Campania, which lies behind this passage, made the province’s major product wine 62 and encouraged Campanians to become commercially savvy. 63 Lucilius certainly evinced an interest in money matters 64 and liked to indulge in “gutem, reinem, italischem Wein.” 65 However, these are admittedly not specifically Campanian traits, even if we may suspect that Horace, in his self-effacing assertion, shortly after the Satire 2.1 passage quoted above, that he is “beneath Lucilius in standing/wealth and talent” (infra Lucili censum ingeniumque, S. 2.1.75), is playing with the regional connotations of Lucilius’ place of origin. After all, Horace has already in that poem talked about his own [End Page 105] roots, relative to Lucilius, in Apulia (sequor hunc, Lucanus an Apulus anceps, “I follow this man [i.e., Lucilius], whether as a Lucanian or an Apulian,” 2.1.34). 66 Yet the vocabulary of Lucilian indulgence may still have Campanian resonance in the fact that the region is mentioned by Horace in satire, at least, not so much for its wine but for its crockery. 67 Black-glazed ware went under the name of “Samian” for much of the Republic, 68 and—in opposition to silver or later Arretine ware—it was cheapskate and unfashionable. So much so, that it could be used for a sordid task, as Lucilius describes: 69 hanc ubi uult male habere, ulcisci pro scelere eius,testam sumit homo Samiam sibi, ‘anu noceo’ inquit,praeceidit caulem testisque una amputat ambo. (Lucil. 279-81 Marx = 303-5 Warmington) When the man wants to spite this woman, and take vengeance for her crime, he takes to himself a Samian pot-sherd, saying, “I am hurting the old woman,” and cuts off the stalk and lops off both balls at once. The use of a humble pot-sherd—presumably there isn’t enough money to buy a knife to do the job properly—by this man at the end of his tether to castrate himself is testimony to the multivalency of Campania. It may be fertile, 70 yet not only does it provide the vehicle for infertility in this particular fragment but it also can be luxurious (like Capua) as well as impoverished (like the cheap pottery produced locally). This is a bundle of contradictions ripe for satirizing. But is it really coincidence that that same description could easily characterize [End Page 106] Lucilius himself, simultaneously genteel and rough-and-ready, elite and outsider all in one? Comic Weakness and Greekness In my delineation—and no more than that is possible, I again stress—of a Campanian strain to the satirist Lucilius, we have repeatedly seen the poet on the back foot, whether as a decrepit racehorse, a would-be gladiator reliant on Scipio and his set for patronage, or on the losing side in an ancient conflict. 71 An episode later than the Great Latin War, in which Livy might admittedly have played fast and loose with the facts, 72 shows the Aurunci as dependent on Rome for protection in 337 BCE: The blessings of peace were now enjoyed everywhere, a peace maintained not more by the power of Rome than by the influence she had acquired through her considerate treatment of her vanquished enemies, when a war broke out between the Sidicines and the Auruncans. After their surrender had been accepted by the consul Manlius, the Auruncans had kept quiet, which gave them a stronger claim to the help of Rome. The senate decided that assistance should be afforded them, but before the consuls started, a report was brought that the Auruncans had been afraid to remain in their town and had fled with their wives and children to Suessa—now called Aurunca—which they had fortified, and that their city with its ancient walls had been destroyed by the Sidicines. (Liv. 8.15.1-5) Such weakness seems to me as plausibly Auruncan, a characteristic of Lucilius as the conventional picture of satire’s primus inuentor playing the condemnatory scourge. 73 For instance, it is all too easy for Juvenal to exploit vague recollections of Auruncan wars, let alone Lucilius’ military service under Scipio at Numantia (which I have ignored in this article), 74 as the opportunity to turn the poet into a swashbuckling hero, as he does at the end of his first satire: ense uelut stricto quotiens Lucilius ardensinfremuit, rubet auditor cui frigida mens estcriminibus, tacita sudant praecordia culpa. (Juv. 1.165-67) [End Page 107] But whenever Lucilius blazes and roars as if with a drawn sword, the listener whose mind is chilled with guilt blushes, and his heartstrings sweat with silent guilt. “As if with a drawn sword”: not a real sword, then, if we take the uelut seriously. 75 It is not long after this, if we read the book sequentially, that we encounter Juvenal’s only other reference to Aurunca, in the middle of the rant against secret homosexual orgies. Juvenal grafts together two excerpts from Virgil’s Aeneid, using epic parody to cast satiric aspersion on the ways in which effeminate men transgress and pervert the Bona Dea ritual: ille tenet speculum, pathici gestamen Othonis, / Actoris Aurunci spolium (“he holds the mirror, the accessory of the pathic Otho, the spoil of Auruncan Actor,” Juv. 2.99-30). 76 The first allusion to the epic defaces Aeneas’ dedication of Abas’ shield at Actium, magni gestamen Abantis (“tool of great Abas,” Virg. A. 3.286); the second quotes from Turnus’ rush to battle clutching a spear, the original spolium, in the Aeneid (12.94). 77 Given that the place-name’s first appearance was strongly associated with Lucilius, it is tempting to speculate that the second may also call the Republican satiric predecessor to mind. But if a mirror is now the spoil taken from an actor from Aurunca, 78 then Lucilius, having lost control of his legacy (you have to be defeated to have spoil taken from you), has fallen from the pedestal he occupied in Juvenal’s first satire. He has gone from charioteer to comic actor, if we adduce the famous proverb about comedy as holding a mirror up to daily life. 79 If we accept Lucilius as a referent here, Juvenal makes Lucilius a standard-bearer for comedy. This characterization may well be derived from Horace’s attempted dismissal of Lucilius as a follower of comic poets: hinc omnis pendet Lucilius, hosce secutusmutatis tantum pedibus numerisque; facetus, [End Page 108] emunctae naris, durus componere uersus: nam fuit hoc uitiosus. (Hor. S. 1.4.6-9) On these authors Lucilius depends entirely, following them with only their meters and rhythms changed; he was witty, with a cleaned-out nose, but rough in composing his verses: in this he was at fault. The poets cited as Lucilius’ models are Greek Old comedians: Eupolis, Cratinus, and Aristophanes (S. 1.4.1). Finally therefore we must turn to the possibility that the inheritance Horace identifies for Lucilius is Greek because he came from a province in Magna Graecia. I here sketch three ways in which the idea could play out: topographic, Homeric, and theatrical. First, if we look to the descriptions of places in Lucilius’ Iter Siculum we find the following note: inde Dic[i]architum populos Delumque minorem (“from there to the people of Dicaearchitae, and the lesser Delos,” 123 Marx = 118 Warmington). The information provided by Paulus (Paul. Fest. p.109 Lindsay), the preserver of the fragment, is that both of these are terms that describe the town of Puteoli, in Campania. While it is true that the name Puteoli would not fit into a hexameter, 80 it is difficult to read the tone of “lesser Delos”: celebratory, neutral, or snide? I would argue that the explanatory bent (Puteoli, after all, could have been smaller in extent than Delos) is not imperialistic but touristic, as some lines that seem to propose visitor attractions further South demonstrate: 81 et saepe quod anteoptasti, freta, Messanam, Regina uidebismoenia, tum Liparas, Facelinae temple Dianae. (Lucil. 102-4 Marx = 143-45 Warmington) And as you often desired before, you will see the straits, Messana, the walls of Rhegium, then Liparae and the temple of Diana Facelina. These references to possible sightseeing landmarks also fit in with another celebrated fragment from earlier in Lucilius’ Iter Siculum, if the journey was described chronologically: uerum haec ludus ibi, susque omnia deque fuerunt,susque et deque fuere, inquam, omnia ludus iocusque:illud opus durum, ut Setinum accessimus finem,αἰγίλιποι montes, Aetnae omnes, asperi Athones. (Lucil. 110-13 Marx = 102-5 Warmington) [End Page 109] But there everything was a game, free and easy; things were free and easy, I say, the whole thing a jest and a joke: that was a hard task, when we reached the border of Setia, goat-free mountains, all Mount Etnas and rough Athoses. Setia (modern Sezze), though in Latium, is on the way out of the old province, hence finem, and thus arguably the gateway to Campania. 82 One way of reading the joke, that the foothills there are the equivalent of the famous mountains Etna and Athos, is to observe that these disparate locations are being assimilated to one another. What this implies is a form of pan-Mediterranean unity and a détente with Greek culture. 83 The second possibility feeds off a variety of circumstantial evidence regarding the Greek hero Odysseus. The postulated descent of Campanians from the man of many wiles may have been a racial stereotype invented to explain their treacherous behavior. 84 Most pertinently for my purposes perhaps, Verrius Flaccus (Paul. Fest. p.16 Lindsay) claimed that Auson, son of Odysseus and Calypso, founded Suessa Aurunca. 85 A satirical inheritance from the Odyssey exists too: if Horace’s journey in Satire 1.5 is a veiled homecoming, with the town (as I argued above) that is not able to be named in hexameters, Horace’s own hometown of Venusia, one of its intertexts must be the nostos of Odysseus, and the presence of a Campanian Cyclops-figure (Messius Cicirrus, S. 1.5.63 as above) is especially appropriate. 86 It is therefore not out of the question that Lucilius’ Iter Siculum also owed something in structure to the Odyssey. In this vein, we can return to the susque deque fragment above (110-13 Marx = 102-5 Warmington). The word aigilipos used to describe the hills at Setia may recall the Catalogue of Ships, as one of the lands that Odysseus is credited with holding in that list is called “rough Aigilips” (Il. 2.633). 87 And there seems to be engagement with the [End Page 110] idea of being Odysseus elsewhere in the Lucilian corpus: 88 witness the fragment nupturum te nupta negas, quod uiuere Vlixen / speras (“married as you are you deny that you will get married, because you hope Ulysses is alive,” 538-39 Marx = 565-66 Warmington). 89 My third option stems not from Lucilius proper but from one last mention of Campania in Horace’s Satires. At the climax of Fundanius’ report of Nasidienus’ banquet in Satire 2.8, a tapestry falls on the eel dish that the host intends as the pièce de résistance: interea suspensa grauis aulaea ruinasin patinam fecere, trahentia pulueris atriquantum non Aquilo Campanis excitat agris. (Hor. S. 2.8.54-56) And now the suspended tapestries fell heavily on to the dish, bringing down more black dust than the North Wind stirs up from the Campanian fields. Campania enters this equation as the source of the dust in this comparison, which brings to mind a fragment of Accius (566-67 Ribbeck = 242-43 Dangel), quoted by Cicero (Tusc. 1.68), that talks of the Aquilo sweeping down from the frozen north. Horace, by locating the reference in a burlesque of tragedy, 90 in a recounting by a comic poet (Fundanius), is saying something important about satire’s relationship to the province. We have already seen references to fabula Atellana and homegrown Oscan farces. What has not yet been mentioned is the Lucilian connection: the likelihood that he responded to Oscan as something he had learned in Suessa Aurunca. 91 Now, one poet who advocated Oscan spellings (with doubled vowels) was Accius. 92 Even though this polymathic and long-lived author was from Pisaurum in Umbria, he did write, as well as tragedies, a fabula praetexta that treated the deuotio in the Third Samnite War of Decius Mus—the son of the eponymous commander who committed a similar self-sacrifice in the [End Page 111] Great Latin War against the Aurunci. 93 If Accius’ drama contained a flashback to earlier events (or if, indeed, he had written a separate play on that theme), 94 then perhaps we could have a partial explanation for why it is that Porphyrio attests that Lucilius especially attacked Accius in his third book of poetry, as the satirist journeyed through lands relevant to that praetexta’s plot, or at least to the lead-up to its events. 95 Horace seems to imply that Lucilius’ criticisms pertained to Accius’ tragedies: nil comis tragici mutat Lucilius Acci? (“doesn’t Lucilius the charmer change anything of the tragedian Accius?” S. 1.10.53), and I did promise tragedy above. 96 However, tragedy—at least, the Attic variety—seems to have been more of a Tarentine and Lucanian concern than a Campanian one; 97 the most we can say with certainty about a link to our subject province is that many of the pots which depict scenes from tragedy are from Campania. 98 One other option is that Lucilius played with the abjection of tragic heroes, perhaps in a ‘hotel inspector’ mode as he journeyed south: a fragment from book 3 mentions Tantalus paying a penalty (140-41 Marx = 136-37 Warmington), which could easily be assimilated to a traveller’s burning thirst. This identification may have been the rationale behind a fragment describing a despondent character (599-600 Marx = 727-28 Warmington) that some grammarians link with Accius’ Telephus. 99 It has been suggested that on the book 3 journey a sickness afflicted somebody close to Lucilius, a ploughman named Symmachus, and the party stopped over in Capua: 100 Symmacus praeterea iam tum depostus bubulcusexspirans animam pulmonibus aeger agebat. (Lucil. 105-6 Marx = 133-34 Warmington) Besides, Symmachus the ploughman was already at that time on point of death, breathing his last, sick in the lungs. [End Page 112] Perhaps Lucilius assimilated his fate (assuming depostus in the last fragment equals depositus, meaning “having died”) to a tragic hero’s; it is perhaps interesting that the idea of the magister pecoris “losing his breath,” in the literal meaning of exspirans animum, 101 foreshadows another vocally challenged Lucilian character, “a tragic man who destroys songs with a hoarse Orestes” (rausuro tragicus qui carmina perdit Oreste, 567 Marx = 594 Warmington). 102 But even though this focus on physical frailty resembles the infirmity we earlier identified as typically Auruncan, 103 I admit that here I have only had to offer the kind of claim which Stefan Faller labels “vage Spekulationen.” 104 Me Talk Pretty One Day However, Accius is not the most obvious poet with links to Campania of whom Lucilius and Horace may have been aware: that honor belongs to Naevius, who is as far as we know the founder of the genre of fabula praetexta. He was supposedly flung into jail by Rome’s principes, where he wrote two plays before winning his release. 105 Whether or not the anecdotes about Naevius’ exile following his taunting of the Metelli and Scipio Africanus have any truth, I wonder about whether Lucilius’ Iter Siculum could be seen as an ironic form of exile, with the poet fleeing Rome for the sake of privacy after the concentration on civic matters that dominated books 1 and 2, the (very different) trials of Lentulus Lupus and Mucius Scaevola. The journey then becomes a reversal of the poet’s arrival in the city, as could be documented in a line where the diminutive puellus carries a sexual charge, replacing the colloquial (and cretic, therefore non-hexameter) word pusio: 106 “then he came to Rome, a delicate fellow while still a boy” (inde uenit Romam tener ipse etiam atque puellus (425 Marx = 453 Warmington). Might this be an autobiographical reminiscence, visualizing Lucilius himself as once a similarly lowly and inexperienced newcomer to the city? This focus on language as a marker of relative status is a fitting place to round off our survey of Campanian tropes in Lucilius. Naevius’ epitaph apparently [End Page 113] demonstrated his Campanian arrogance (plenum superbiae Campaniae, Gel. 1.24.2). 107 One way in which superiority can be presented is through the medium of accent-based racial mockery. When it comes to the ambiguity we identified above as a feature of Campania, shellfish are an important part of it because they were both a highly prized delicacy and readily available. 108 On Lucilius’ journey south, he seems to complain a lot (in a mock-tragic manner?); 109 “no oysters,” he claims at one point (132 Marx = 126 Warmington). But while the word for oyster, ostrea, is feminine in gender, on one later occasion it seems to appear in the neuter plural: quid ergo, si ostrea Cercocognorit fluuium limum ac caenum sapere ipsum? (Lucil. 328-29 Marx = 357-58 Warmington) What then if Cerco finds that oysters taste of the very mud and mire of the rivers? This question, which Nonius records as being in book 9, can be deemed an example of the speech of a person of lower social rank (such as a cook), with the neuter plural ostrea, as if transliterated from Greek, an affectation showing pretensions to hyper-correctness. 110 Although we may be dealing with a generation before Gaius Sergius Orata’s supposed foundation of artificial oyster beds on the Lucrine Lake early in the first century BCE, 111 I still think—in view, for instance, of the sumptuary laws of 115 BCE that regulated shellfish consumption (Plin. Nat. 8.223)—that Campanian oysters might have been a flashpoint for Lucilian grumbling. 112 Another relevant issue of pronunciation may lie behind the much-disputed fragment, Broncus Bouillanus dente aduerso eminulo hic est / rhinoceros (117-18 Marx = 109-10 Warmington, in Warmington’s rendering). 113 The crux in transmitted Noui†tlanus has been interpreted as Noulitanus, denoting [End Page 114] a man from Nola, that is a Campanian, with a strange way of pronouncing the vowel o. 114 Once more we see that however much Campania is suggestive culturally or topographically for Lucilius, it always ends up as having literary significance or at least mediated through literary sources. In this regard I have combined two approaches here, diachronic and synchronic ones, in the sense of paying attention to contemporary realities as well as historical inheritance. Let us return to the first mention of satire’s primus inuentor in Juvenal (1.19-21), where we began. 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Remembering the Roman People: Essays on Late-Republican Politics and Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [End Page 120] Footnotes 1. Thanks to the editors, for their organization of the APA 2013 panel at which a version of this article was read, to the other panel members and the audience on that occasion, and to Emma Dench, Emily Gowers, and Marden Nichols, for advice and encouragement. 2. In Chron. 143e Helm, Jerome gives 148 BCE. Controversy surrounds the date, regularly emended to either 168 BCE, if we believe that Jerome miscopied the number giving the year of Lucilius’ life in which he died, changing LX to XL, or 180 BCE, on the assumption that Jerome was misled by the identical nomina and cognomina of the respective consuls in that year and in 148 BCE. 3. For a suggestive survey of the town’s mostly post-Lucilian archaeological record, see De Caro (2012) 175-85 .	A65
Fawlty Towers was supposedly set in which seaside town?	Worst 100 TV Programs of All Time \| Uncyclopedia \| Fandom powered by Wikia Worst 100 TV Programs of All Time From Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search According to God 's True Word, the following are the worst 100* TV Programs ever made. Readers are required to have their sporks to hand. * God does not care to count this list too closely, and believers are wise not to criticise divine numeration policy. Contents Too good to be in the worst 100 115. The Pwetwerschmits of Rhode Island This Family Guy spin-off was supposed to replace " Sit Down and Shut Up, John ", but would only run for a minute since it offended rich people. 114. Ben Franklin and Hitler:The Odd Couple Benjamin Franklin and Adolf Hitler live in modern day America. Hilarity ensues. 113. Where's Waldo? Made for kids. Consists of sitting very close to the TV and staring at static images searching for Waldo and his friends. 112. The Frankenstones Popular scientific TV show in which archeologists try to bring prehistoric human remains back to life. 111. I love the 40's Cancelled after it became a cult show amongst neonazis. Montezuma's Floating Circus was party based on Aztec manuscripts. Shown here is Ahuizotl on a boat, together with a rather large foot . 110. Keeping Up Disappearances Very cheap remakte of Keeping Up Appearences. The entire series was made without any actors whatsoever. 109. Pirate Pat Postman Pat haunts the English countryside in his bright red post van. 108. Montezuma's Floating Circus Set in the Austrian Alps of the 1930's, the show followed the lives of five thirty-something SS Officers who worked undercover at a high school for the performing arts. The very first German television program, animated. 106. Children In Captivity Charity Telethon hosted by Terry Wogan, in which several hundred schoolchildren, (most probably from Birmingham , or Lampeter ), are locked in individual cupboards until viewers pledge totals of upwards of 17,000,000. Also, be sure to include large yellow bear. 105. MySpace - The TV Show A short-lived TV show about internet phenomenon MySpace . 4w3som3 haxx0rz lives with his roommate, {~!I Am Slowly Dying!~). While haxx0rz tries to haxx0rz other people's accounts, Slowly Dying just sits around and mopes about how much life sucks. The third and final episode featured a cameo by Oscar Wilde . 104. The Girl Who Wasn't Too Popular, But Was Kinda Popular Disney Channel show about semi-attractive 14-year-old jailbait, her two weird friends (a weird girl and a guy who secretly likes her), the one guy who's totally hott that she has a crush on but totally doesn't notice she exists, the cheerleader who hates her, and her crazy teacher (played by Oscar Wilde ). A guaranteed hit until they stop promoting it for the next show with the exact same formula. 103. The Real World - Harkstede Dutch sitcom with three guys, a tv and no girls at all. Quite popular in South Dakota. MTV, the brain behind the program, plans to send in Japan too. 102. Dead Man Walking Controversial American reality T.V. show - take ten heartless killers off Death Row and put them in a house with cameras watching their every move. See them come to understand each other as they make friends in the house. But there's one twist they weren't told about - at the end of every week, the public vote one of them to be executed live on T.V. that night! In a chilling turn, the housemates can choose their fallen comrades method of death: will it be hanging, gas chamber, lethal injection, or firing squad - or somthing more exotic, like a lion pit or the Iron Maiden? At the end of nine weeks, one housemate will walk out into the world a free man, with B-list celebritydom guaranteed. 101. CSS: Miami The first of 26 spinoffs of the popular CSS: Las Vegas. Like the original, the show chronicles the work of a team of high-tech web developers as they struggle to resolve cross-browser incompatibilities and the limitations of the CSS2 standard. Worst 100 starts here 100. The Reich Stuff US based historical drama detailing the patriotic work done by former Nazi War Criminals in the race to put an American on the Moon. 99. Children in Need Patronising celebraties pimp the nation to pay for new cars and expensive carpets for registered charities. 98. Muffin the Mule Quaint 1950s Porn, featuring a youthful Camilla Parker-Bowles . 97. The Fall Guy Lee Majors has no sense of balance, and can only run in slow motion. 96. The Simpsons Talentless sisters Jessica and Ashlee live with their father O.J. Simpson ('Omer Jay) and their dead mother. Mr. Bean is watching you, a bizarre reality show starring the former actor, shows him stalking various women and getting into other disturbing situations. 95. Friends Camp humour with several 30-something neighbours in same sex relationships. 94. Roots Black produce engineer Kunti Kinte discovers his name is Toby. 93. Saved by the Bell End Final episode was watched by no fewer than 17 people worldwide, this highschool teen docu-drama destroyed the careers of 82 aspiring actors, especially "Screech!". Thank goodness. 92. Queer Eye for the Straight Guy Not as amusing as Prick up your Ears. 91. Baywatch Strangely hypnotic. 90. Tellytubbies Four effeminate aliens (StinkyWinky, LardArse, DipShit and Poo) prance around with an animated household appliance. Then they come out. 89. Gandhi - The Animated Series Featuring the vocal talents of Alfred Molina and Gary Oldman. 88. Babylon 5 Docu-drama detailing the everyday stuggles of five innocent "freedom fighters" wrongly imprisoned by oppressive Western infidels. Starring Keira Knightley as Private Lynndie England. Voiced by Andrew Dice Clay , The Adventures of Zoomo: The Happy Sheep follows the career of Zoomo and his profanity laced rantings on the Bush administration . 87. Dallas Sit-com set in the Windy City, featuring the Carrington Clan, the most famous episode is "Who Shot On JR?" 86. 3rd Rock From The Sun A science fiction drama that takes place in the year 2172 set on an asteroid, which is the real third rock from the sun. 85. 24 Highly competitive adults fight to take home first place in the simple middle school math skills game. The answer, though, is 42. 84. King of Queens Reality show where weekly musical numbers are judged by Richard Simmons and Nathan Lane, the loser is voted off the cabaret. 83. Unwrapped Documentary from the early 1990's about teens discovering what unprotected sex finally feels like. 82. Coronation Street Long running sit-com based in the Grim North of England . Available in over 14 languages (excluding French ) other than the original native Lancashire dialect. Bill Cosby interviews the mentally handicapped with rarely humourous results. The short lived spin off which were in actuality undubbed reruns of the original series. 80. Battlestar Guadalajara HOLY GUACAMOLE!!!! 79. Airing Out the Cupboards Three volunteers visit the elderly and open their kitchen cupboards for an hour. Show consists of watching them wait until it is time to close the doors. 78. What Not To Wear Two fat tarts teach other fat tarts how to dress. 77. Eastenders Cor blimey! A crash course in how NOT to speak English, with this collection of jovial Cockney types, govn'r. Up d' apples and pears..... 76. Dienasty Another bloody awful American soap opera complete with wobbly sets. 75. Fiends Sitcom about 6 fiends who are complete bastards to one another. 74. Extreme Makeover - Funeral Home Edition Expert morticians and taxidermists take horribly disfigured corpses and transform them into "open casket material". 73. Alf A documentary series that followed the activities of an alien creature with a remarkable nose. His mission was to test the strength of our global defenses in preparation for the 'first wave'. 72. Airport 75 Challenge Gameshow in which contestants in an air traffic control tower attempt to talk a spouse dressed as a stewardess in the cockpit of a stricken Boeing 747 laden with cash and prizes through an emergency landing. 71. We Done Had A Row Live call in show in which Anne Robinson fields inarticulate mobile phone calls from drunken proletarian males who've just held bitter post-pub arguments with their girlfriends. 70. Who Said That? Quickfire game show with four hosts and two schizophrenic contestants. 69. Jerkcity A sitcom adaptation of the web comic . Numerous complaints to the FCC about its jokes and the fact that the episodes made little sense (although they were often hilariously funny) led to the series cancelation. Most noted for introducing "HUGLAGHALGHALGHAL" into the English lexicon. Although featuring some elements of German expressionism, "Off" has little else to offer. 68. Yamaha Tramps Organ music performed by vagrants . 67. When Animals Are Goaded With Sticks 3 More hilarious camcorder footage of jar-headed American outdoorsmen discovering the ugly side of Mother Nature first hand. 66. WWF/WWE A bunch of muscular guys in underwear roll around the floor with each other in order to prove their manliness. 65. Off The Imagination Channel 's pathetic attempt to save money on production costs. Viewer are asked to pretend that their favorite show is playing. 64. Ship Of Fools Hilarious documentary series in which a crew of backwards imbeciles is left in charge of a full-size ocean liner set adrift in the Mediterranean - with hundreds of hidden cameras on board to capture the action as a real-life comedy of errors is played out. 65. £200 For The First Person Who Can Eat An Entire Bath Towel Live On Camera Self-explanatory late-night gameshow for the genuinely desperate. 64. Centrifuge Bay Australian soap opera made entirely on a set housed within a gigantic centrifuge and shot with cameras bolted to the rotating floor, thereby creating an eerie effect in which the furniture and cast slowly slide away from the centre of the room and end up hopelessly pinned against the walls at the end of each episode. 63. The Real Topless Quincy Documentary following the grisly work of nude LA coroner Sherri Thompson. 62. ER Er, what? Er, we couldn't think of a title? 61. CSI Birmingham, England Dead Brummies, featuring Ozzy Osbourne. 60. The Magic Noose Incredibly irresponsible children's drama series about a group of children who take it in turns to climb up on a stool and poke their heads through a special noose which magically transports them to a beautiful forest filled with chocolate and toys. 59. YMC*A Set during the Korean War but intended to make fun of the Vietnam War , the Village People run a YMCA near the front lines. 58. Chaotic Britney Spears and husband Kevin Federline turn their home movies into episodic television. 57. Dr. WHAT? A science fiction serial from England about a time traveller who is hard of hearing. 56. Who wants to be a busboy in an American restaurant? A Nicaraguan game show where the contestant progressively wins working visas to various countries where they can be paid well working as a busboy. The Adventures of "Buckethead" Kelly, an animated mini-series by the creators of South Park, mark the first foray into the historical genre in this documentary on the life of Australian cyborg Ned Kelly. 55. Bob the British Tradesman A claymation children's program about a British tradesman who continually produces below-standard work while charging customers high prices. 54. Space 1799 An expansionist American government colonises the moon and ends up in open war with British settlers. The resulting war causes the moon to fly out of orbit and into deep space, where the victorious American armies are forced to deal with all sorts of weird stuff. 53. Big Brain A highly intellectual BBC comedy series that was received well by viewers with postgraduate degrees. 52. Crappy Days 70s British SciFi drama about an intergalactic travel service's employees, starring Gene Shalit as Blakie. 48. When Animals Are Goaded With Sticks Hilarious camcorder footage of jar-headed American outdoorsmen discovering the ugly side of Mother Nature first hand. 47. America's Gunniest High Schools Incredible real-life footage from the bullet-pocked school hallways of the world's most shooty society. 46. Shout Court Genuine legal disputes settled according to which side can bellow their version of events the loudest. 45. Horse Puppet Disco Ground-breaking dance music show in which retired racehorses are transformed into dancing marionettes via a system of wires attached to each hoof, controlled by skilled puppeteers operating an immense mechanical rig. 44. Before They Were Demonised Angus Deayton takes an amusing look back at Osama Bin Laden's early appearances in daytime gameshows and Slimfast commercials . 43. Full House R-rated documentary depicting the daily life of three teenage poker addicts, their subsequent gambling and bankrupcy, and their final enslavement by three male pimps, one of whom is Mr. Tanner from " Alf ". 42. Come Dancing All that rubbing against chiffon no doubt. 41. Inside Animals Pinhead cameras fitted to the tips of drills take you deep inside your favourite animals by boring through their sides. Satan and Me , an anime documentary, follows the adventures of a teenage Saddam Hussain and his pokemon Satan as they travel the world in search of new opponents. 40. Goldfish Bay Soap opera aimed at domestic goldfish with a two second memory span, featuring a comprehensive plot recap every 1.5 seconds. 39. Rise Up And Kill Mesmerising audio-visual assault on the senses, featuring re-enactments of medieval executions intercut with hardcore pornography and set to a soundtrack of dark organ music and sinister subliminal whispering specifically designed to compel viewers to perpetrate violent atrocities. 38. Fame For A Finger Carol Vorderman offers a member of the public the chance to star alongside a cast of celebrities dramatising their life - providing they slice off one of their own fingers with a bread knife beforehand. 37. That Ain't Workin' 29. The Gay Team Delightfully camp 1980s classic TV series "The Gay Team", thought by many to be the original influence for the latter A Team . It has been noted that the names of the main characters DO bare a slight resemblance, as well as having the same cast, writers, production team.... 28. Louie Anderson's Big Fat Gay Greek Wedding Louie Anderson marries a Russian Transvestite, and manages to get in wacky hijinks, like getting stuck on the toilet every fucking episode. 27. Pobol y Kumquat Welsh language series, shown on S4C, depicting the lives of a small community of fruit importers from the valleys. 26. Law and Order - Delicatessen Division Crime never sleeps, and those who fight it need doughnuts. THIS is their story. 25. Only Fools and Horses Docu-drama detailing the lives and loves of Prince Charles and Camilla Parker-Bowles. 24. Skippy the Bushed Kangeroo "What's that Skippy, you're standing in the corner rocking from side to side?" Years of captivity have taken their toll on the old marsupial. 23. Peggy Pissflaps Childrens series featuring ragdoll Peggy on trips to the countryside with Mr Jolly. 22. Last of the Summer Whine Geriatric humour set in the Alzheimer's capital of Yorkshire . 21. Barney the Carnivorous Dinosaur A fun-loving purple dinosaur that devours children and digests their innards. "Hey kids, lets play hidden predator!!!!"..... 20 (Tie). One Foot in the Groin Sit-com about a family of cantankerous football hooligans. 20 (Tie). Miami Vice Presidents A one hour crime-fighting show starring Al Gore and Dan Quayle fighting evil criminals such as Bag Ladies, Jaywalkers, and Street Artists. 19.	i don't know
What name was given to the spin-off off the comedy series Porridge?	BBC - Comedy - Porridge Porridge Porridge The character of jailbird Norman Stanley Fletcher was originally conceived for a one-off comedy, Prisoner and Escort, forming one of Ronnie Barker's 1973 season of TV pilots, Seven of One. The BBC picked it up the next year for a full series, but neither they nor writers Dick Clement and Ian Le Frenais can have known quite what a phenomenon they'd created with the show they thought of calling Bird or Stir, before settling on another euphemism for life behind bars, Porridge. When the new show first aired in 1974 it was greeted with outrage in sections of the tabloid press, shocked at the notion of a comedy programme glorifying prison. Little time was needed, though, before any complaints were drowned out underneath a chorus of critical acclaim and public adoration for what remains one of the most classic British sitcoms ever produced. Fletcher himself is an old hand at 'doing time', and we meet him serving a five-year stretch at HMP Prison Slade for breaking and entering - each episode would begin with the booming voice of the judge (recorded by Barker) passing sentence and the stark slamming of prison doors. Fletcher expects to enjoy a single cell but he's forced to share with a first-time offender, a naïve, young Brummie called Lennie Godber (played by Richard Beckinsale). Fletcher reluctantly takes Godber under his wing and helps him to 'keep his nose clean' but together they always end up getting into trouble (often for reasons beyond their control), either with other inmates or the prison officers at Slade. While the richly comic dialogue between the two cell-mates was a joy to watch, Clement and Le Frenais' wonderful writing didn't stop there, and they populated HMP Slade with a host of memorably eccentric characters, from kindly but senile Blanco (played ingeniously by a young David Jason), disgraced dentist Harris and dim-witted Warren to the irascible Scot MacLaren, conman Ives and the prison Mr Big, Harry Grout. While Fletcher's knowledge and experience saw him regarded highly by most fellow inmates, it didn't stop him being used and blackmailed from time to time by Grout, who'd often force Fletch into tasks against his will. It was Fletcher's day-to-day job to juggle life on the landings with not getting caught by the wardens, which meant taking advantage of the kind-hearted and soft-natured Mr Barrowclough, and sidestepping the eagle eye of the harsh, suspicious Mr MacKay (portrayed with delicious menace by Fulton McKay). Episodes would usually involve Fletcher and Godber getting into trouble but somehow scoring a minor victory, usually against MacKay. The glee Barker injected into Fletcher's little triumphs was magical to watch. Porridge is probably the classic realisation of the sitcom method of putting characters in a situation where they're trapped with each other. In Fletcher's case it was with his cell-mate Godber, and the wonderful relationship between the pair in the scripts was elevated to pure gold by the sparkling chemistry between he two leads, Barker and Beckinsale. Writers Clement and Le Frenais were so successful that the show became essential viewing inside Britain's real jails, and prisoners claimed it was the most accurate portrayal of real prison life on TV. Its massive success spawned a superior spin-off movie and a Bafta-winning sitcom sequel Going Straight, set around Fletcher's life on release from Slade, before more episodes were curtailed by the untimely death of Richard Beckinsale in 1979. Porridge was a show never afraid to throw into the mix scenes of true drama, as Godber and sometimes even Fletcher occasionally struggled to cope with the grind of being stuck behind bars. The way in which such moments were woven into episodes, adding depth and realism to the series without ever diminishing the humour, is yet another reason why it remains unarguably one of the all-time classics.	Going Straight
Who played the part of Compo in Last Of The Summer Wine?	Life Beyond the Box: Norman Stanley Fletcher (TV Movie 2003) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Life Beyond the Box: Norman Stanley Fletcher ( 2003 ) 50min Spoof documentary on the life of the main protagonist of the television prison comedy "Porridge", Mr. Norman Stanley Fletcher. Director: Title: Life Beyond the Box: Norman Stanley Fletcher (TV Movie 2003) 7.9/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Add Image Add an image Do you have any images for this title? Going Straight (TV Series 1978) Comedy Following his release from Slade prison, Fletcher tries to stick to the straight and narrow, but it isn't easy! Stars: Ronnie Barker, Patricia Brake, Richard Beckinsale Sequel to the classic sitcom set 40 years on from the original series. Nigel Norman Fletcher, grandson of Norman Stanley Fletcher, is sentenced to 5 years in prison for cyber-crimes and gets into more trouble once inside. Director: Dominic Brigstocke The prison life of Fletcher, a criminal serving a five-year sentence, as he strives to bide his time, keep his record clean, and refuses to be ground down by the prison system. Stars: Ronnie Barker, Brian Wilde, Fulton Mackay An unlikely group of people find solace and friendship after being thrown together in the wake of a terrorist attack. Director: Richard Loncraine This prison comedy is based on the popular British television series of the same name. Long time Slade prison inmate Fletcher is ordered by Grouty to arrange a football match between the ... See full summary » Director: Dick Clement 7 of 1 (TV Series 1973) Comedy An anthology of one-off episodes starring actor-comedian Ronnie Barker. Stars: Ronnie Barker, Graham Armitage, Roy Castle Long running BBC comedy show consisting of sketches and humourous musical routines involving the large Ronnie Barker and the small Ronnie Corbett. Most sketches involved both men, but ... See full summary » Stars: Ronnie Barker, Ronnie Corbett, The Fred Tomlinson Singers Arkwright is a tight-fisted shop owner in Doncaster, who will stop at nothing to keep his profits high and his overheads low, even if this means harassing his nephew Granville. Arkwright's ... See full summary » Stars: Ronnie Barker, David Jason, Lynda Baron A reboot of the classic sitcom _"Are You Being Served?" (1972). Director: Dewi Humphreys Clarence is a myopic delivery man who retires to the countryside, and goes from one mishap to another due to his short-sightedness Stars: Ronnie Barker, Josephine Tewson, George Ballantine Edit Storyline Spoof documentary on the life of the main protagonist of the television prison comedy "Porridge", Mr. Norman Stanley Fletcher. 29 December 2003 (UK) See more » Company Credits (Sheffield) – See all my reviews When I saw this mock-documentary about the nation's favourite convict, I was impressed. Not as much as I was impressed by the original Porridge series, but this was a very interesting insight into the whole life of Fletch - before, during and after his memorable stay at Slade Prison - and to the one person on this site who has given Porridge a negative writeup and called it obvious - get real! Porridge is anything but obvious. Comedy in a prison? Who would expect it at all? Let alone done so well! And I was only 10 when I first saw Porridge, and it was an instant hit with me - so it does appeal to younger people as well as older people. Still, you said you just don't get it. Fair enough, but give it another go, from the very start. Anyway, yes, this mock-documentary - I like it. It manages to reunite the large majority of the cast, with the exception of Brian Wilde (Barrowclough), and those no longer with us - Richard Beckinsale (Godber), Fulton Mackay (Mackay) and Michael Barrington (Venables). David Jason (Blanco) is also absent, but that was probably a wise choice - much as I love David Jason, the chances are that the character of Blanco would be dead by now anyway. As for the actors no longer with us, they navigated around the lack of Richard Beckinsale even better than I'd expected. There were a number of options they could have used: 1. Get another actor to play Lennie - which nobody would have wanted 2. Say Lennie had died - possible, but not the best option. After all, Lennie would be 53-54 now, and clearly looked after his health. This would have complicated things. 3. Say Lennie and Ingrid (Fletch's daughter, the two got married at the end of the spin-off series Going Straight) had got divorced. This was what I expected them to do, but they didn't. What they actually did was have Lennie as unable to make it for an interview - Ingrid got a call from him, he was stuck in Colchester (still working as a lorry driver). Nicely done. As for the other missing actors, they covered most of the main staff at Slade. It's a shame Brian Wilde couldn't make an appearance (anybody know why?). As such, the only "official" who did was Mr Gillespie, the oft-mentioned but never seen welfare officer. It was very interesting to see how the other characters had got on after Porridge as well, and we caught up with most of the main ones. Curiously, Lukewarm is given the name Timothy Underwood here, however, in one episode of Porridge, he is addressed as Lewis, and also unofficially has a first name beginning with P. Another inconsistency in this show is that Fletch seemed to go into crime while still a child, while in the pilot of Porridge, his first criminal activity didn't happen until after he left school. Inconsistencies aside, this is very entertaining - catching up with Lukewarm, Warren, McLaren (here given a first name James), Ives (also given a first name here, Bernard), and of course, Grouty. And, to be honest, it's Grout who steals the show - or should that read embezzles? You can't help but nod and chuckle as the activities of Grout, on the outside, are brought up. Harry Grout is a wonderful character, and is used here to great effect. Equally impressive is the amount of story the writers have concocted out of so many little details from the show - most notably Fletch's affair with Gloria - "Gloria? I don't know no Gloria . . . oh yeah, there was one once! Well, lots of times actually." Overall, I was impressed - however, it's not quite in the same league as Porridge itself. Equally, it's probably unwise to watch this if you haven't seen Porridge to begin with (I could be wrong). As such, it's a tough call on which groups to recommend it to. Overall: 7/10 20 of 20 people found this review helpful. Was this review helpful to you? Yes	i don't know
Bill Pertwee played which character in Dads Army?	Dad's Army star Bill Pertwee dies aged 86 - BBC News BBC News Dad's Army star Bill Pertwee dies aged 86 27 May 2013 Image caption Pertwee also took part in BBC radio show Round the Horne Bill Pertwee, who played Warden Hodges in Dad's Army, has died, his agent has confirmed. The 86-year-old also starred as PC Wilson in You Rang M'Lord? He also appeared in three Carry On films. Agent Meg Poole said he died peacefully on Monday with his family around him. He is survived by his son Jonathan. His Dad's Army character was a greengrocer who became chief air raid warden when World War II broke out. His catchphrase was: "Put that light out!" He was a thorn in the side of Captain Mainwaring and Sgt Wilson (played by Arthur Lowe and John Le Mesurier respectively), who called him "a common little man". Pertwee, who was born in Amersham, Buckinghamshire, lived in a residential home in Wadebridge, Cornwall. He was airlifted to The Royal Cornwall Hospital in Truro on Sunday where he died at 03:30 BST on Monday surrounded by family. The actor first played the grumpy Dad's Army warden in 1968. The show went on to earn a Bafta for best comedy in 1971 and inspired a film - also starring Pertwee - in the same year. Pertwee was a founder member and the president of the Dad's Army Appreciation Society. His son Jonathan said: "He would give everything a go. He was very dedicated to the people around him and he was very dedicated to his charity work. Media captionActor Bill Pertwee has passed away at the age of 86. "But also he was very humble about the whole thing, he was the subject of This is Your Life in 1999, and he'd always think how lucky he was," he added. "He'd say 'marvellous, isn't it, to be in this business', because he said ' I'm not really a proper actor', but he was extraordinarily versatile." Mr Pertwee said his father had a continued affection for Dad's Army. "He loved it. He loved the people in it, it was a big part of his life and he used to have a lot of fun with Clive (Dunn) and John Le Mesurier and Frank Williams and all of them. They just had a a great bond." His agent Ms Poole also paid tribute: "He was a really, really nice man. Very bright, very intelligent. "He came from a big theatrical family, a big showbusiness family, and like all of them it was his life and it was very important to him and he was a hugely professional, very clever man." His wife, actress Marion McLeod, died in 2005. They were married for 45 years. Frank Williams, who played the vicar in Dad's Army, told the BBC: "He always used to play himself down as an actor... I think he was a very good actor... Bill was a lovely man. "He was the life and soul of the party, great fun." Pertwee was made an MBE in 2006 for his services to charity - he supported children's hospices. Image caption You Rang M'Lord? was a sitcom set in 1927 about life above and below the stairs. It ran from 1988 to 1993. In 1957, Pertwee wrote to BBC director and producer Richard Afton in search of his big TV break. In the letter , he mentions his cousin, the actor Jon Pertwee, who became one of the stars of the hit radio comedy The Navy Lark before taking on the title role in Doctor Who in 1970. Bill Pertwee had only been an entertainer for a couple of years when he wrote the letter, having served his apprenticeship in variety halls across the country. His break eventually came with the offer to join the hugely popular radio show Beyond Our Ken with Kenneth Horne and Kenneth Williams. This led to him appearing in the radio series Round The Horne, again starring Williams and created by Barry Took and Marty Feldman. He also appeared opposite Morecambe and Wise writer Eddie Braben - who died last week - in The Show with Ten Legs. Pertwee's other credits included Carry on Loving, Carry on Girls and Carry On at Your Convenience.	List of Dad's Army characters
On which river does Balmoral Castle stand?	Bill Pertwee, star of Dad's Army, dies aged 86 \| UK news \| The Guardian UK news Bill Pertwee, star of Dad's Army, dies aged 86 Actor who played air raid warden Hodges in 1970s sitcom died peacefully with his family around him, his agent said Bill Pertwee played air raid warden Hodges in 1970s TV sitcom Dad's Army. Photograph: Dave Hogan/Getty Images UK news Bill Pertwee, star of Dad's Army, dies aged 86 Actor who played air raid warden Hodges in 1970s sitcom died peacefully with his family around him, his agent said Press Association Monday 27 May 2013 09.56 EDT First published on Monday 27 May 2013 09.56 EDT This article is 3 years old Dad's Army star Bill Pertwee died on Monday at the age of 86. The actor, who was best known for his role as the air raid warden Hodges in the classic 1970s comedy, died peacefully in his sleep, according to his agent Meg Poole. The actor had been ill over Christmas and was at a home in Cornwall at the time of his death. Pertwee's argumentative character was well known for his frequent wartime cry of "Put that light out!" Poole said: "Anybody who was in Dad's Army was very well known. If you're in Dad's Army, which has never been off the television in one way or another, they've been repeated endlessly by the BBC, they're repeated endlessly on digital channels and people watch it and it's still getting incredibly good ratings." In 1989 Pertwee wrote a book about the making of the series called Dad's Army: The Making of a Television Legend, which was republished in 2009 for the show's 40th anniversary celebrations. He also wrote an autobiography, A Funny Way to Make a Living, and Promenades and Pierrots: One Hundred Years of Seaside Entertainment. Pertwee received an MBE for charitable services in 2007. Several other Dad's Army stars have died recently, including Clive Dunn last November and Philip Madoc last March. As well as starring in Dad's Army, Pertwee appeared in three Carry On films, Carry on Loving (1970), Carry on at Your Convenience (1971) and Carry On Girls (1973). Pertwee's son Jonathan said: "He would give everything a go. He was very dedicated to the people around him and he was very dedicated to his charity work. "But also he was very humble about the whole thing … He'd say 'marvellous, isn't it, to be in this business', because he said 'I'm not really a proper actor', but he was extraordinarily versatile." Jonathan said Dad's Army was very important to his father. He loved it. He loved the people in it, it was a big part of his life and he used to have a lot of fun with Clive and John Le Mesurier and Frank Williams and all of them. They just had a great bond."	i don't know
Where would you be stood if you were at zero degrees latitude and zero degrees longitude?	Where Do Zero Degrees Latitude and Longitude Intersect? By Matt Rosenberg Updated August 06, 2016. The equator marks zero degrees latitude and the prime meridian marks zero degrees longitude, but where do these two lines meet? The simple answer is that they intersect in the Gulf of Guinea, just off the western coast of Africa. While this point on the map of the Earth has no real significance, it is a common question in geography trivia and it's an interesting fact to know. What is at 0° latitude, 0° longitude? The equator and prime meridian are both invisible lines that circle the Earth and they help us in navigation. Though invisible, the equator (0 ° latitude) is a very real line that divides the world into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The prime meridian (0° longitude) , on the other hand, was created by scholars who needed some point as a frame of reference to begin noting east-west points on the map. It is by pure happenstance that the coordinate of 0°, 0° falls in the middle of a little-known body of water. To be exact, the intersection of zero degrees latitude and zero degrees longitude falls about 380 miles (611 kilometers) south of Ghana and 670 miles (1078 km) west of Gabon. This location is in the tropical waters of the eastern Atlantic Ocean, specifically, the Gulf of Guinea. The Gulf of Guinea is part of the western edge of the African tectonic plate. Most notably, according to the theory of continental drift , this may have been the location where South America and Africa were once joined. A look at the maps of the two continents will quickly show you the remarkable possibility to this geographic jigsaw puzzle. Is There a Marker at 0°, 0°? Very few people in the world will ever pass over the point where the equator and prime meridian meet. It requires a boat and a good navigator so, unlike the prime meridian line in Greenwich , there is not much call for tourism at this location. The spot is marked, though. A weather buoy (Station 13010 - Soul) is placed at the exact location of 0°, 0°. It is owned and maintained by the Prediction and Research Moored Array in the Atlantic (PIRATA). Like other buoys, Soul regularly records weather data from the Gulf of Guinea such as air and water temperature and wind speed and direction. Is this Intersection Important? The equator is an important line on the earth's surface. It marks the line above which the sun is directly overhead on the March and September equinoxes. The prime meridian, on the other hand, is an imaginary line, created by people to mark zero degrees longitude. It just happens to pass through Greenwich, but it could have been located anywhere. Therefore, the intersection of zero degrees longitude and zero degrees latitude is of no significance. However, just knowing that it is in the Gulf of Guinea may serve you well on a geography quiz or when playing Jeopardy or Trivial Pursuit. Also, you can use this bit of trivia to stump friends and family.	Atlantic Ocean
n which country would you find both the rivers Oder and Vistula, which flow into the Baltic Sea?	Latitude and Longitude 8a. The Horizon Any location on Earth is described by two numbers--its latitude and its longitude. If a pilot or a ship's captain wants to specify position on a map, these are the "coordinates" they would use. Actually, these are two angles, measured in degrees, "minutes of arc" and "seconds of arc." These are denoted by the symbols ( °, ', " ) e.g. 35° 43' 9" means an angle of 35 degrees, 43 minutes and 9 seconds (do not confuse this with the notation (', ") for feet and inches!). A degree contains 60 minutes of arc and a minute contains 60 seconds of arc--and you may omit the words "of arc" where the context makes it absolutely clear that these are not units of time. Calculations often represent angles by small letters of the Greek alphabet, and that way latitude will be represented by λ (lambda, Greek L), and longitude by φ (phi, Greek F). Here is how they are defined . PLEASE NOTE: Charts used in ocean navigation often use the OPPOSITE notation--λ for LONGITUDE and φ for LATITUDE. The convention followed here resembles the one used by mathematicians in 3 dimensions for spherical polar coordinates . Imagine the Earth was a transparent sphere (actually the shape is slightly oval; because of the Earth's rotation, its equator bulges out a little). Through the transparent Earth (drawing) we can see its equatorial plane, and its middle the point is O, the center of the Earth. To specify the latitude of some point P on the surface, draw the radius OP to that point. Then the elevation angle of that point above the equator is its latitude λ--northern latitude if north of the equator, southern (or negative) latitude if south of it. Latitude The latitude angle lambda Imagine the Earth was a transparent sphere (actually the shape is slightly oval; because of the Earth's rotation, its equator bulges out a little). Through the transparent Earth (drawing) we can see its equatorial plane, and its middle the point is O, the center of the Earth. To specify the latitude of some point P on the surface, draw the radius OP to that point. Then the elevation angle of that point above the equator is its latitude λ--northern latitude if north of the equator, southern (or negative) latitude if south of it. [How can one define the angle between a line and a plane, you may well ask? After all, angles are usually measured between two lines! Good question. We must use the angle which completes it to 90 degrees, the one between the given line and one perpendicular to the plane. Here that would be the angle (90°-λ) between OP and the Earth's axis, known as the co-latitude of P.] Lines of latitude On a globe of the Earth, lines of latitude are circles of different size. The longest is the equator, whose latitude is zero, while at the poles--at latitudes 90° north and 90° south (or -90°) the circles shrink to a point. Longitude On the globe, lines of constant longitude ("meridians") extend from pole to pole, like the segment boundaries on a peeled orange. Every meridian must cross the equator. Since the equator is a circle, we can divide it--like any circle--into 360 degrees, and the longitude φ of a point is then the marked value of that division where its meridian meets the equator. Longitude lines or "meridians" What that value is depends of course on where we begin to count--on where zero longitude is. For historical reasons, the meridian passing the old Royal Astronomical Observatory in Greenwich, England, is the one chosen as zero longitude. Located at the eastern edge of London, the British capital, the observatory is now a public museum and a brass band stretching across its yard marks the "prime meridian." Tourists often get photographed as they straddle it--one foot in the eastern hemisphere of the Earth, the other in the western hemisphere. A lines of longitude is also called a meridian, derived from the Latin, from meri, a variation of "medius" which denotes "middle", and diem, meaning "day." The word once meant "noon", and times of the day before noon were known as "ante meridian", while times after it were "post meridian." Today's abbreviations a.m. and p.m. come from these terms, and the Sun at noon was said to be "passing meridian". All points on the same line of longitude experienced noon (and any other hour) at the same time and were therefore said to be on the same "meridian line", which became "meridian" for short . About time--Local and Universal Two important concepts, related to latitude and (especially) longitude are Local time (LT) and Universal time (UT) Local time is actually a measure of the position of the Sun relative to a locality. At 12 noon local time the Sun passes to the south and is furthest from the horizon (northern hemisphere). Somewhere around 6 am it rises, and around 6 pm it sets. Local time is what you and I use to regulate our lives locally, our work times, meals and sleep-times. But suppose we wanted to time an astronomical event--e.g. the time when the 1987 supernova was first detected. For that we need a single agreed-on clock, marking time world-wide, not tied to our locality. That is universal time (UT), which can be defined (with some slight imprecision, no concern here) as the local time in Greenwich, England, at the zero meridian. Local Time (LT) and Time Zones Longitudes are measured from zero to 180° east and 180° west (or -180°), and both 180-degree longitudes share the same line, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. As the Earth rotates around its axis, at any moment one line of longitude--"the noon meridian"--faces the Sun, and at that moment, it will be noon everywhere on it. After 24 hours the Earth has undergone a full rotation with respect to the Sun, and the same meridian again faces noon. Thus each hour the Earth rotates by 360/24 = 15 degrees. When at your location the time is 12 noon, 15° to the east the time is 1 p.m., for that is the meridian which faced the Sun an hour ago. On the other hand, 15° to the west the time is 11 a.m., for in an hour's time, that meridian will face the Sun and experience noon. In the middle of the 19th century, each community across the US defined in this manner its own local time, by which the Sun, on the average, reached the farthest point from the horizon (for that day) at 12 oclock. However, travelers crossing the US by train had to re-adjust their watches at every city, and long distance telegraph operators had to coordinate their times. This confusion led railroad companies to adopt time zones, broad strips (about 15° wide) which observed the same local time, differing by 1 hour from neighboring zones, and the system was adopted by the nation as a whole. The continental US has 4 main time zones--eastern, central, mountain and western, plus several more for Alaska, the Aleut islands and Hawaii. Canadian provinces east of Maine observe Atlantic time; you may find those zones outlined in your telephone book, on the map giving area codes. Other countries of the world have their own time zones; only Saudi Arabia uses local times, because of religious considerations. In addition, the clock is generally shifted one hour forward between April and October. This "daylight saving time" allows people to take advantage of earlier sunrises, without shifting their working hours. By rising earlier and retiring sooner, you make better use of the sunlight of the early morning, and you can enjoy sunlight one hour longer in late afternoon. The Date Line and Universal Time (UT) Suppose it is noon where you are and you proceed west--and suppose you could travel instantly to wherever you wanted. Fifteen degrees to the west the time is 11 a.m., 30 degrees to the west, 10 a.m., 45 degrees--9 a.m. and so on. Keeping this up, 180 degrees away one should reach midnight, and still further west, it is the previous day. This way, by the time we have covered 360 degrees and have come back to where we are, the time should be noon again--yesterday noon. Hey--wait a minute! You cannot travel from today to the same time yesterday! We got into trouble because longitude determines only the hour of the day--not the date, which is determined separately. To avoid the sort of problem encountered above, the international date line has been established--most of it following the 180th meridian--where by common agreement, whenever we cross it the date advances one day (going west) or goes back one day (going east). That line passes the Bering Strait between Alaska and Siberia, which thus have different dates, but for most of its course it runs in mid-ocean and does not inconvenience any local time keeping. Astronomers, astronauts and people dealing with satellite data may need a time schedule which is the same everywhere, not tied to a locality or time zone. The Greenwich mean time, the astronomical time at Greenwich (averaged over the year) is generally used here. It is sometimes called Universal Time (UT). Right Ascension and Declination The globe of the heavens resembles the globe of the Earth, and positions on it are marked in a similar way, by a network of meridians stretching from pole to pole and of lines of latitude perpendicular to them, circling the sky. To study some particular galaxy, an astronomer directs the telescope to its coordinates. On Earth, the equator is divided into 360 degrees, with the zero meridian passing Greenwich and with the longitude angle φ measured east or west of Greenwich, depending on where the corresponding meridian meets the equator. In the sky, the equator is also divided into 360 degrees, but the count begins at one of the two points where the equator cuts the ecliptic--the one which the Sun reaches around March 21. It is called the vernal equinox ("vernal" means related to spring) or sometimes the first point in Aries, because in ancient times, when first observed by the Greeks, it was in the zodiac constellation of Aries, the ram. It has since then moved, as is discussed in the later section on precession . The celestial globe, however, uses terms and notations which differ somewhat from those of the globe of the Earth. Meridians are marked by the angle α (alpha, Greek A), called right ascension, not longitude. It is measured from the vernal equinox, but only eastward, and instead of going from 0 to 360 degrees, it is specified in hours and other divisions of time, each hour equal to 15 degrees. Similarly, where on Earth latitude goes from 90° north to 90° south (or -90°), astronomers prefer the co-latitude, the angle from the polar axis,equal to 0° at the north pole, 90° on the equator, and 180° at the south pole. It is called declination and is denoted by the letter δ (delta, Greek small D). The two angles (α, δ), used in specifying (for instance) the position of a star are jointly called its celestial coordinates. The next section tells how the stars, the Sun and accurate clocks allowed sailors to find their latitude and longitude. Further Exploring	i don't know
What is the only US state which borders one other state only?	Which USA State borders only one other USA state? Which USA State borders only one other USA state? By Cynthia Kirkeby Which USA State borders only one other USA state? Maine is the only state that has only one bordering, neighboring state. Cynthia Kirkeby	Maine
Winston Churchill's mother came from which country?	Which USA State borders only one other USA state? Which USA State borders only one other USA state? By Cynthia Kirkeby Which USA State borders only one other USA state? Maine is the only state that has only one bordering, neighboring state. Cynthia Kirkeby	i don't know
Where was Napoleon Bonaparte born?	BBC - iWonder - Napoleon Bonaparte: The Little Corporal who built an Empire Napoleon Bonaparte: The Little Corporal who built an Empire 1769 1821Death in exile The Napoleon complex Diminutive in stature but towering in influence – few figures in history stand taller than Napoleon Bonaparte. Loved by his men, feared by his foes, the Duke of Wellington claimed he was worth 40,000 men on the battlefield. From outsider to emperor, trace Napoleon's meteoric rise to greatness – and find out how he was brought crashing back down to earth. 1769 Birth and early life DeAgostini/Getty Images Napoleon's father, Carlo Buonaparte, had been active in Paoli's resistance army but made terms with the French. Napoleon was born in Ajaccio, Corsica on 15 August. The occupying French forces who ran the island had acquired it from Genoa the year before. Though well off by local standards, Napoleon's parents were not rich, and their vigorous claims of noble descent fail to stand up to scrutiny. His mother Letizia and father Carlo were part of Corsica's bourgeoisie. Once involved in the Corsican resistance to French occupation, Carlo had made personal peace with the French when leader Pasquale Paoli was forced to flee and became assessor to the royal court. Little in the context of Napoleon's birth hinted at his remarkable future. Hulton Archive/Getty Images Napoleon attended the military school at Brienne for five years. Aged nine, Napoleon left for school in France. He was an outsider, unversed in the customs and traditions of his new home. Always destined for the military, Napoleon was educated first, briefly, at Autun, then five years in Brienne before a final year at the military academy in Paris. He graduated in September 1785 – ranked 42nd in a class of 58. It was while he was in Paris that Napoleon's father died, leaving the family facing financial hardship. Not yet 16, nor even the eldest son, it was nonetheless Napoleon who assumed responsibility as head of the family. 1786-1788 Photo12/UIG via Getty Images Corsican resistance leader Pasquale Paoli. Napoleon took his first commission, as a 2nd lieutenant of artillery. He read voraciously – on military strategy and tactics – determined to succeed. But his native land still had his heart. In his book Lettres sur la Corse he set out his vision for an independent Corsica, free of French control. In September he returned to the island of his birth, not rejoining his regiment until June 1788. Above all else, Napoleon felt, he was a Corsican. I was born when [Corsica] was perishing. Thirty thousand Frenchmen spewed onto our shores, drowning the throne of liberty in waves of blood… Napoleon Bonaparte, writing to Pasquale Paoli 1793 Art Media/Print Collector/Getty Images Napoleon succeeded in driving the British from Toulon. It wasn't long before Napoleon had the opportunity to demonstrate his new loyalty. At Toulon he won the first major military victory of his career. French anti-government forces had handed the port over to British troops. It was essential that the town be recaptured. Strategically important, the damage suffered to the prestige of the Revolution was just as significant. Napoleon was entrusted with breaking the resistance and by mid-December his tactics had forced the British to evacuate. Days later, Napoleon was promoted to brigadier general – he was just 24 years old. 1794 Saviour of the Republic Ann Ronan Pictures/Print Collector/Getty Images Napoleon's defeat of the royalist forces threatening the National Convention built his prestige to new heights. When a royalist revolt in Paris threatened to overthrow the government, it fell to Napoleon – the liberator of Toulon – to save the Republic. Facing a force of more than 20,000 men, Napoleon was massively outnumbered. But when the royalists descended on the National Convention in Paris on 5 October, Napoleon's troops forced them back. In less than an hour, 300 royalists lay dead. Not only had Napoleon saved the republic, but his exploits won him ever greater standing among the politicians running the new regime – the Directory. His upward trajectory was increasing. 1796 Soldiers, you are naked, badly fed.…Rich provinces and great towns will be in your power, and in them you will find honour, glory, wealth. Napoleon Bonaparte, addressing his new Italian troops in 1796 1798 Land of the pharaohs Ann Ronan Pictures/Print Collector/Getty Images Napoleon won the Battle of the Pyramids but Nelson's destruction of the French fleet trapped his men in Egypt. Britain alone now stood against France. Napoleon's next move took him to Egypt. He hoped to force a peace with Britain by striking at the source of her wealth. By disrupting trade routes to India, Napoleon thought he could build a French empire in the east. But at the Battle of the Nile, a young British admiral, Horatio Nelson, ensured this dream would not become a reality. With the French fleet destroyed, 35,000 men under Napoleon’s command were trapped, unable to travel back to France. Universal History Archive/Getty Images Emmanuel Sieyes was instrumental in Napoleon's elevation. A new coalition, including Britain and Russia, was formed to continue fighting the French. The turning tide led to disturbances in France itself. One of France's new directors, Emmanuel Sieyes, was convinced that only a stronger executive with military presence could prevent a reinstatement of the monarchy. Seeing an opportunity, Napoleon left his men behind in Egypt and returned to France. By the time he arrived in Paris, victories in Switzerland and Holland had averted immediate danger of a restoration but Sieyes and Napoleon launched their coup anyway. Named as first consul, Napoleon was now leading the greatest power in Europe. I am looking for a sabre. Emmanuel Sieyes, prior to Napoleon's appointment to the consulate 1799-1804 The Battle of the Three Emperors Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images Napoleon visits his soldiers on the eve of the Battle of Austerlitz. At Austerlitz, in the modern day Czech Republic, Napoleon won the greatest victory of his career. Facing a force of Austrian and Russian troops that heavily outnumbered his own, Napoleon laid a trap for his enemies. When all was said and done, 26,000 of the enemy troops had been killed, wounded or captured. By contrast, Napoleon lost only 9,000 men. His resounding success not only forced Austria to make peace again, it also cemented his reputation as the greatest military leader of the age. The upstart emperor had defeated two of the most established imperial dynasties of Europe. 1806-1809 The blockade and the peninsula Universal History Archive/Getty Images From 1809, British forces in the Iberian Peninsula were led by Arthur Wellesley, the future Duke of Wellington After the Battle of Trafalgar, any hopes Napoleon had harboured of launching a full-scale invasion and forcing peace with Britain were extinguished. Again, he tried to strangle Britain's economy. Trade with Britain was forbidden, and every ship bound to or from there declared a fair prize. He hoped the blockade would spark unrest in Britain and force her to sue for peace. The Portuguese could not comply – it would have meant economic ruin. Napoleon forced the point and occupied the Iberian Peninsula. Spain and Portugal revolted, enabling British troops led by Arthur Wellesley, the future Duke of Wellington, to gain a foothold in Europe. Charlemagne's heir Fine Art Images/Heritage Images/Getty Images New wife Marie-Louise gave Napoleon what Josephine could not, a son to inherit the empire he'd built. Despite failures in Spain and Portugal, Napoleon was at his zenith – his empire swelled to include Holland, parts of Germany and almost all of Italy. Napoleon considered himself Charlemagne's heir, but it was an heir of his own he needed most, a son to inherit his empire. He reluctantly divorced Josephine in 1810 and married Marie-Louise, daughter of the Austrian emperor, Francis I, recently defeated once more at Napoleon's hands. In March, he had a son. His legacy appeared to have been secured. The 'King of Rome', as his son was titled, was named after his father. Rischgitz/Getty Images When Napeolon arrived in France, troops sent to arrest him defected and joined him. Broken in the east, Austrian and Prussian re-entry into the war drove Napoleon from central Europe. His empire was crumbling around him. On 30 March, allied armies advanced on Paris. Napoleon abdicated a week later. Once sovereign of a continent, Napoleon was confined to the island of Elba. Louis XVIII was placed on the French throne. All seemed lost. Yet Napoleon observed with interest the growing discontent in France restoration had prompted. Less than a year after his exile, Napoleon launched a daring bid for escape. By 20 March 1815 he was back in Paris once again. 1815	Corsica
In which country was the composer Chopin born?	Napoleon Bonaparte Biography - life, family, children, name, history, school, information, born, college, marriage, time Napoleon Bonaparte Biography Island of St. Helena French dictator Napoleon Bonaparte, French emperor, was one of the greatest military leaders in history. He helped remake the map of Europe and established many government and legal reforms, but constant battles eventually led to his downfall. Early years Napoleon Bonaparte was born Napoleon Buonaparte on August 15, 1769, in the Corsican city of Ajaccio. He was the fourth of eleven children of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Romolino. His father, a member of a noble Italian family, remained on good terms with the French when they took over control of Corsica. Napoleon began his education at a boys' school in Ajaccio. Then, at age ten, he was allowed to enter French military schools for aristocrats and was sent in 1779, with his older brother Joseph, to the College of Autun in Burgundy, France. Napoleon later transferred to the College of Brienne, another French military school. While at school in France, he was made fun of by the other students for his lower social standing and because he spoke Spanish and did not know French well. His small size earned him the nickname of the "Little Corporal." Despite this teasing, Napoleon received an excellent education. When his father died, Napoleon led his household. By 1785 Napoleon was a second lieutenant in the French army, but he often returned to Corsica. In 1792 he took part in a power struggle between forces supporting Pasquale Paoli (1725–1807), a leader in the fight for Corsican independence, and those supporting the French. After Paoli was victorious, he turned against Napoleon and the Bonaparte family, forcing them to flee back to France. Napoleon then turned his attention to a career in the army there. The French Revolution (1789–93), a movement to overthrow King Louis XVI (1754–1793) and establish a republic, had begun. Upon his return from Corsica in 1793, Napoleon made a name for himself and won a promotion by helping to defeat the British at Toulon and regain that territory for France. Military successes After being imprisoned for ten days on suspicion of treason and refusing assignment to lead the Army of the West, Napoleon was assigned to work for the map department of the French war office. His military career nearly ended, but when forces loyal to the king attempted to regain power in Paris in 1795, Napoleon was called in to stop the Napoleon Bonaparte. uprising. As a reward he was appointed commander of the Army of the Interior. Later that year Napoleon met Josephine de Beauharnais (1763–1814), and they were married in March 1796. Within a few days Napoleon left Josephine in Paris and started his new command of the Army of Italy. Soon the French troops were winning battle after battle against the Italians and Austrians. Napoleon advanced on Vienna, Austria, and engineered the signing of a treaty that gave France control of Italy. Napoleon returned to Paris a hero, and he soon decided to invade Egypt. He sailed from Toulon, France, in May 1798 with an army of thirty-five thousand men. With only a few losses, all of lower Egypt came under Napoleon's control. He set about reorganizing the government, the postal service, and the system for collecting taxes. He also helped build new hospitals for the poor. However, at this time a group of countries had banded together to oppose France. Austrian and Russian forces had regained control of almost all of Italy. Then, in August 1798, the British destroyed French ships in the Battle of the Nile, leaving the French army cut off from its homeland. Napoleon left the army under the command of General Jean Kléber and returned to France with a handful of officers. Leadership of France Landing at Fréjus, France, in October 1799, Napoleon went directly to Paris, where he helped overthrow the Directory, a five-man executive body that had replaced the king. Napoleon was named first consul, or head of the government, and he received almost unlimited powers. After Austria and England ignored his calls for peace, he led an army into Italy and defeated the Austrians in the Battle of Marengo (1800). This brought Italy back under French control. The Treaty of Amiens in March 1802 ended the war with England for the time being. Napoleon also restored harmony between the Roman Catholic Church and the French government. He improved conditions within France as well by, among other things, establishing the Bank of France, reorganizing education, and reforming France's legal system with a new set of laws known as the Code Napoleon. By 1802 the popular Napoleon was given the position of first consul for life, with the right to name his replacement. In 1804 he had his title changed to emperor. War resumed after a new coalition was formed against France. In 1805 the British destroyed French naval power in the Battle of Trafalgar. Napoleon, however, was able to defeat Russia and Austria in the Battle of Austerlitz. In 1806 Napoleon's forces destroyed the Prussian army; after the Russians came to the aid of Prussia and were defeated themselves, Alexander I (1777–1825) of Russia made peace at Tilsit in June 1807. Napoleon was now free to reorganize western and central Europe as he pleased. After Sweden was defeated in 1808 with Russia's help, only England remained to oppose Napoleon. Napoleon was unable to invade England because of its superior naval forces. He decided to introduce the Continental System, a blockade designed to close all the ports of Europe to British trade. He hoped this would force the British to make peace on French terms. In Spain in 1808 the Peninsular War broke out over Spanish opposition to the placement of Napoleon's brother Joseph on the throne. The English helped Spain in this battle, which kept French troops occupied until 1814. In addition, Alexander I's decision to end Russia's cooperation with the Continental System led Napoleon to launch an invasion of that country in 1812. Lack of supplies, cold weather, and disease led to the deaths of five hundred thousand of Napoleon's troops. Fall from glory Napoleon had his marriage to Josephine dissolved and then, in March 1810, he married Marie Louise, the daughter of Emperor Francis II of Austria. Despite this union, Austria declared war on him in 1813. In March 1814 Paris fell to a coalition made up of Britain, Prussia, Sweden, and Austria. Napoleon stepped down in April. Louis XVIII (1755–1824), the brother of Louis XVI, was placed on the French throne. Napoleon was exiled to the island of Elba, but after ten months he made plans to return to power. He landed in southern France in February 1815 with 1,050 soldiers and marched to Paris, where he reinstated himself to power. Louis XVIII fled, and Napoleon's new reign began. The other European powers gathered to oppose him, and Napoleon was forced to return to war. The Battle of Waterloo was over within a week. On June 18, 1815, the combined British and Prussian armies defeated Napoleon. He returned to Paris and stepped down for a second time on June 22. He had held power for exactly one hundred days. Napoleon at first planned to go to America, but he surrendered to the British on July 3. He was sent into exile on the island of St. Helena in the South Atlantic Ocean. There he spent his remaining years until he died of cancer on May 5, 1821. For More Information	i don't know
In which country was Joseph Stalin born?	BBC - iWonder - Joseph Stalin: National hero or cold-blooded murderer? Joseph Stalin: National hero or cold-blooded murderer? 1879 1953Death of Stalin and the end of an era How did Stalin get away with murder? Stalin’s name meant "man of steel" and he lived up to it. He oversaw the war machine that helped defeat Nazism and was the supreme ruler of the Soviet Union for a quarter of a century. His regime of terror caused the death and suffering of tens of millions. But this powerful man began life as the son of an alcoholic cobbler and a doting mother who sent him to study to be a priest. 1879 Topfoto Young Stalin. He is born on 18 December 1879 in Gori, Georgia in the Russian empire. He is first named Iosif (Joseph) Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili. Joseph grows up in poverty. His mother is a washerwoman and his father is a cobbler. He catches small pox aged seven and is left with a pockmarked face and a slightly deformed left arm. He is bullied by the other children and feels a continual need to prove himself. His father is an alcoholic who deals out regular beatings. As young Joseph grows up, Georgia’s romantic folklore and anti-Russian traditions capture his imagination. Topfoto Photograph of Stalin as a young man. Joseph’s religious mother wants him to be a priest and in 1895 sends him to study in Tiflis, the Georgian capital. However Joseph rebels and instead of studying scripture he reads the secret writings of Karl Marx and joins a local socialist group. He devotes much of his time to the revolutionary movement against the Russian monarchy and loses interest in his studies. Going against his mother’s wishes, Joseph becomes an atheist and frequently argues with the priests. In 1899 he is finally thrown out of the seminary after failing to turn up to his exams. You know, they are fooling us, there is no God… all this talk about God is sheer nonsense. Stalin puts forward his atheistic arguments 1901 The revolutionary bandit You need to have JavaScript enabled to view this clip. David Reynolds describes Stalin's life as a Bolshevik bank robber. Clips from World War Two: 1941 and the Man of Steel (BBC Four, 2013). While working as a clerk at the Meteorological Observatory, Joseph carries on with his revolutionary activities, organising strikes and protests. His activities become known to the Tsarist secret police and he is forced to go underground. He joins the Bolshevik party and conducts guerrilla warfare for the first time in the 1905 Russian Revolution. His first meeting with Lenin, the Bolshevik leader, is at a party conference in Finland. Lenin is impressed by this 'ruthless underground operator'. In 1907 Joseph steals 250,000 rubles (approximately $3.4m in US dollars) in a bank robbery in Tiflis to help fund the cause. Man of steel Stalin's first wife Ketevan Svanidze. Joseph marries his first wife Ketevan Svanidze in 1906. She comes from a poor family of minor nobility. Ketevan gives birth to their son Yakov Dzhugashvili the following year. After the Tiflis bank robbery Joseph and his family escape Tsarist forces by travelling to Baku in Azerbaijan. When Ketevan dies of typhus in 1907, Joseph is wracked with grief. He leaves his son to be cared for by his wife’s parents and throws himself into his revolutionary work. He adopts the name 'Stalin' which means 'steel' in Russian. He is arrested on a number of occasions and exiled to Siberia in 1910. This creature softened my heart of stone. She died and with her died my last warm feelings for humanity. Stalin speaking about his first wife's death 1917 Takes part in the Russian Revolution Getty Lenin speaks at the First All-Russian Congress of Soviets with Stalin at his side. Lenin organises the Russian Revolution and promises “peace, land, and bread”. Stalin plays a crucial role by running Pravda, the Bolshevik newspaper. He is hailed as a hero when he helps Lenin to escape from the Tsar’s army into Finland and is appointed to the inner circle of the Bolshevik party. When the Tsar is toppled the country descends into civil war. Stalin, like other the hardliners within the party, orders the public execution of deserters and renegades. When Lenin takes power he appoints Stalin to be General Secretary of the Communist Party. Stalin gains new skills working as a mediator for officials throughout the party. Stalin promotes himself to dictator You need to have JavaScript enabled to view this clip. David Reynolds gives his take on how Stalin rose to power. Clips from World War Two: 1941 and the Man of Steel (BBC Four, 2013). After Lenin's death in 1924, Stalin begins ruthlessly promoting himself as his political heir. Many in the party expect Red Army leader Leon Trotsky to be Lenin’s natural successor, but his ideas are too idealistic for the majority of the Communist Party. Stalin, however, develops his own nationalistic brand of Marxism – "Socialism in One Country" – concentrating on strengthening the Soviet Union rather than world revolution. When Trotsky criticises his plans, Stalin has him exiled. Stalin’s ideas are popular with the party and by the late 1920s he becomes dictator of the Soviet Union. Rapid industrialisation You need to have JavaScript enabled to view this clip. Andrew Graham-Dixon explain how Stalin's Five Year Plans revolutionised Soviet industry. Clip from The Art of Russia (BBC Four, 2011). In the late 1920s Stalin instigates a series of five year plans to turn the Soviet Union into a modern industrialised country. He is afraid that if the Soviet Union does not modernise then Communism will fail and the country will be destroyed by its capitalist neighbours. He achieves huge increases in coal, oil, and steel productivity and the country sees massive economic growth. His plans are ruthlessly enforced – factories are given strict targets which many workers find impossible to fulfil. Those who fail are scapegoated by many as wreckers and saboteurs and imprisoned or executed as enemies of the state. We are 50 or 100 years behind the advanced countries… We must make good this distance in 10 years… Either we do so, or we shall go under. Stalin on the need to modernise the Soviet Union 1928-1940 Stalin’s Great Terror You need to have JavaScript enabled to view this clip. Andrew Graham-Dixon explains how dangerous life could be in Stalin's Russia. Clip from The Art of Russia (BBC Four, 2011). Stalin promotes an image of himself as a great benevolent leader and hero of the Soviet Union. Yet he is increasingly paranoid and purges the Communist party and Army of anyone who might oppose him. Ninety three of the 139 Central Committee members are killed and 81 of the 103 generals and admirals are executed. The secret police strictly enforce Stalinism and people are encouraged to inform on one another. Three million people are accused of opposing Communism and sent to the gulag, a system of labour camps in Siberia. Around 750,000 people are summarily killed. Stalin loses his wife and son Getty Stalin with his son Vassily and daughter Svetlana. In 1919 Stalin marries his second wife Nadezhda Alliluyeva and they have two children – Svetlana and Vassily. He abuses Nadezhda and she eventually kills herself in 1932. He makes sure her death is officially reported as being caused by appendicitis. Yakov, his son from his first wife, is a soldier in the Red Army and is captured early on in WW2. When the Germans propose to free him in a prisoner swap, Stalin refuses as he believes his son surrendered voluntarily, Yakov dies in a Nazi concentration camp in 1943. Everything's lost, I give up. Lenin founded our state, and we've screwed it up! Stalin rages as the Nazis invade the Soviet Union 1943 Defeats Hitler You need to have JavaScript enabled to view this clip. Andrew Graham-Dixon describes Stalin's rousing speech to his generals. Clip from The Art of Russia (BBC Four, 2011). With the future of the Soviet Union hanging in the balance, Stalin is prepared to sacrifice millions to achieve victory over the Nazis. German forces sweep across the country and by December 1941 have almost reached Moscow. Stalin refuses to leave the city, deciding victory must be won at any cost. The Battle of Stalingrad is the turning point of the war. Hitler attacks the city bearing Stalin’s name to humiliate him, but Stalin tells his army "Not a step backwards". They suffer over a million casualties but manage to defeat the Nazis in 1943. The Soviet Army begins the long push back into Germany and all the way to Berlin. Fascist Germany is passing through a profound crisis. She is facing disaster. Stalin in celebratory speech, 1943 1946 Iron Curtain falls over Europe Getty First Soviet atomic bomb test. Stalin plays a decisive role in Germany’s defeat and great swathes of Eastern Europe are occupied by Soviet forces including East Berlin. Stalin is adamant these countries will be satellite states of the Soviet Union. His former allies America and Britain now become his rivals and Churchill states that an “iron curtain” is falling over Europe. In a struggle for control of the capital, Stalin blocks entry to allied-occupied West Berlin. The US responds with an 11-month long airlift of supplies to people trapped in that part of the city. On 29 August 1949 the Soviet Union tests its first atomic bomb. The Cold War begins in earnest. Death of Stalin and the end of an era You need to have JavaScript enabled to view this clip. Jonathan Freedland discusses Stalin's legacy with the historian Robert Service. Clip from The Talk Show with Jonathan Freedland (BBC Four, 2003). In Stalin’s last years he becomes increasingly suspicious, and continues to conduct purges against his enemies within the Party. After a night of heavy drinking Stalin dies of a stroke on 5 March 1953. Many in the Soviet Union mourn the loss of this great leader who transformed the Soviet Union from a feudal economy to an industrial power and played a crucial role in defeating Hitler. But the millions incarcerated cheer at the demise of one of the most murderous dictators in history. Stalin’s successor Khrushchev denounces the dead dictator and begins a wave of "destalinization."	Georgia
Who was disparagingly known as that Austrian corporal?	Joseph Stalin dies - Mar 05, 1953 - HISTORY.com Joseph Stalin dies A+E Networks On this day, Joseph Stalin, leader of the Soviet Union since 1924, dies in Moscow. Like his right-wing counterpart, Hitler, who was born in Austria, Joseph Stalin was not a native of the country he ruled with an iron fist. Isoeb Dzhugashvili was born in 1889 in Georgia, then part of the old Russian empire. The son of a drunk who beat him mercilessly and a pious washerwoman mother, Stalin learned Russian, which he spoke with a heavy accent all his life, in an Orthodox Church-run school. While studying to be a priest at Tiflis Theological Seminary, he began secretly reading Karl Marx and other left-wing revolutionary thinkers. The “official” communist story is that he was expelled from the seminary for this intellectual rebellion; in reality, it may have been because of poor health. In 1900, Stalin became active in revolutionary political activism, taking part in labor demonstrations and strikes. Stalin joined the more militant wing of the Marxist Social Democratic movement, the Bolsheviks, and became a student of its leader, Vladimir Ilich Lenin. Stalin was arrested seven times between 1902 and 1913, and subjected to prison and exile. Stalin’s first big break came in 1912, when Lenin, in exile in Switzerland, named him to serve on the first Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party—now a separate entity from the Social Democrats. The following year, Stalin (finally dropping Dzugashvili and taking the new name Stalin, from the Russian word for “steel”) published a signal article on the role of Marxism in the destiny of Russia. In 1917, escaping from an exile in Siberia, he linked up with Lenin and his coup against the middle-class democratic government that had supplanted the czar’s rule. Stalin continued to move up the party ladder, from commissar for nationalities to secretary general of the Central Committee—a role that would provide the center of his dictatorial takeover and control of the party and the new USSR. In fact, upon Lenin’s death in 1924, Stalin began the consolidation of his power base, conducting show trials to purge enemies and rivals, even having Leon Trotsky assassinated during his exile in Mexico. Stalin also abandoned Lenin’s New Economic Policy, which would have meant some decentralization of industry. Stalin demanded—and got—absolute state control of the economy, as well as greater swaths of Soviet life, until his totalitarian grip on the new Russian empire was absolute. The outbreak of World War II saw Stalin attempt an alliance with Adolf Hitler for purely self-interested reasons, and despite the political fallout of a communist signing an alliance with a fascist, they signed a nonaggression pact that allowed each dictator free reign in their respective spheres of influence. Stalin then proceeded to annex parts of Poland, Romania, and Finland, and occupy Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. In May 1941, he made himself chairman of the Council of People’s Commissars; he was now the official head of the government and no longer merely head of the party. One month later, Germany invaded the USSR, making significant early inroads. As German troops approached, Stalin remained in the capital, directing a scorched-earth defensive policy and exercising personal control over the strategies of the Red Army. As the war progressed, Stalin sat in on the major Allied conferences, including those in Tehran (1943) and Yalta (1945). His iron will and deft political skills enabled him to play the loyal ally while never abandoning his vision of an expanded postwar Soviet Empire. In fact, after Germany’s surrender in April 1945, Stalin oversaw the continued occupation and domination of much of Eastern Europe, despite “promises” of free elections in those countries. Stalin did not mellow with age; he prosecuted a reign of terror, purges, executions, exiles to the Gulag Archipelago (a system of forced-labor camps in the frozen north), and persecution in the postwar USSR, suppressing all dissent and anything that smacked of foreign, especially Western European, influence. To the great relief of many, he died of a massive heart attack on March 5, 1953. He is remembered to this day as the man who helped save his nation from Nazi domination—and as the mass murderer of the century, having overseen the deaths of between 8 million and 10 million of his own people. Related Videos	i don't know
The Bee Gees are popularly credited as being from Australia, but on which island were they actually born?	Bee Gees \| Ed B on Sports Ed B on Sports Bee Gees in 1978 (top to bottom) Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb Background information Steve Rucker The Bee Gees were a pop music group formed in 1958. The group’s line-up consisted of brothers Barry , Robin , and Maurice Gibb . The trio were successful for most of their decades of recording music, but they had two distinct periods of exceptional success: as a popular music act in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and as prominent performers of the disco music era in the late 1970s. The group sang recognisable three-part tight harmonies ; Robin’s clear vibrato lead vocals were a hallmark of their earlier hits, while Barry’s R&B falsetto became their signature sound during the late 1970s and 1980s. They wrote all of their own hits, as well as writing and producing several major hits for other artists. Born on the Isle of Man to English parents, the Gibb brothers lived in Chorlton , Manchester , England, until the late 1950s, and formed the Rattlesnakes . The family then moved to Redcliffe , in Queensland, Australia, and then to Cribb Island . After achieving their first chart success in Australia as the Bee Gees with “ Spicks and Specks ” (their 12th single), they returned to the UK in January 1967 where producer Robert Stigwood began promoting them to a worldwide audience. The Bee Gees have sold more than 220 million records worldwide, making them one of the world’s best-selling music artists of all time. [1] [2] They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997; [3] the presenter of the award to “Britain’s first family of harmony” was Brian Wilson , historical leader of the Beach Boys , a “family act” also featuring three harmonising brothers. [4] The Bee Gees’ Hall of Fame citation says “Only Elvis Presley , the Beatles , Michael Jackson , Garth Brooks and Paul McCartney have outsold the Bee Gees.” [5] Following Maurice’s sudden death in January 2003 at the age of 53, Barry and Robin retired the group’s name after 45 years of activity. In 2009 Robin announced that he and Barry had agreed that the Bee Gees would re-form and perform again. [6] Robin died in May 2012 at the age of 62, after a prolonged struggle with cancer and other health problems, leaving Barry as the lone surviving member of the group. [7] Contents 1955–66: Music origins, Bee Gees formation, and popularity in Australia[ edit ] Plaque at Maitland Terrace/Strang Road intersection in Union Mills, Isle of Man In 1955, Barry Gibb along with his brothers Robin and Maurice Gibb moved back to their father Hugh Gibb ‘s home town of Chorlton-cum-Hardy , Manchester , England where they went to Oswald Road Primary School, [8] and they formed a skiffle /rock-and-roll group the Rattlesnakes , which consisted of Barry on guitar and vocals, Robin and Maurice on vocals, with friends Paul Frost on drums and Kenny Horrocks on tea-chest bass . In December 1957 the boys began to sing in harmony. The story is told that they were going to lip sync to a record in the local Gaumont cinema (as other children had done on previous weeks) and as they were running to the theatre, the fragile shellac 78-RPM record broke. The brothers had to sing live and received such a positive response from the audience that they decided to pursue a singing career. [8] [9] In May 1958 the Rattlesnakes were disbanded when Frost and Horrocks left to form Wee Johnny Hayes and the Blue Cats. [10] In August 1958 the Gibb family, including older sister Lesley and infant brother Andy , emigrated to Redcliffe , just north-east of Brisbane in Queensland , Australia. The young brothers attended Humpybong State School [8] and began performing to raise pocket money . They were introduced to leading Brisbane radio DJ Bill Gates by speedway promoter and driver Bill Goode, who had hired the brothers to entertain the crowd at the Redcliffe Speedway in 1960. The crowd at the speedway would throw money onto the track for the boys who generally performed during the interval of meetings (usually on the back of a truck that drove around the track) and in a deal with Goode, any money that they collected from the crowd they were allowed to keep. Gates renamed them the BG’s (later changed to “Bee Gees”) after his, Goode’s, and Barry Gibb’s initials—thus the name was not specifically a reference to “Brothers Gibb”, despite popular belief. [11] The family relocated to Cribb Island which was later demolished for Brisbane Airport. While there, the brothers went to Northgate State School. By 1960 the Bee Gees were featured on television shows including their performance of “Time Is Passing By”. [12] In the next few years they began working regularly at resorts on the Queensland coast. For his songwriting, Barry sparked the interest of Australian star Col Joye , who helped them get a record deal in 1963 with Festival Records [8] subsidiary Leedon Records under the name “Bee Gees”. The three released two or three singles a year, while Barry supplied additional songs to other Australian artists. In 1962, the Bee Gees were chosen as the supporting act for Chubby Checker ‘s concert in Sydney Stadium. [13] From 1963 to 1966 the Gibb family lived at 171 Bunnerong Road, Maroubra in Sydney. [14] (Robin Gibb recorded the song “Sydney”, about the brothers’ experience living in Sydney, just prior to his death. It was released on his posthumous album 50 St. Catherine’s Drive. [15] ) A minor hit in 1965, “ Wine and Women “, led to the group’s first LP The Bee Gees Sing and Play 14 Barry Gibb Songs . By 1966 Festival was, however, on the verge of dropping them from the Leedon roster because of their perceived lack of commercial success. It was at this time that they met American-born songwriter, producer and entrepreneur, Nat Kipner , who had just been appointed A&R manager of a new independent label, Spin Records . Kipner briefly took over as the group’s manager and successfully negotiated their transfer to Spin in exchange for Festival being granted the Australian distribution rights to the group’s recordings.[ citation needed ] Through Kipner the Bee Gees met engineer-producer, Ossie Byrne . He produced (or co-produced with Kipner) many of the earlier Spin recordings, most of which were cut at his own small self-built St Clair Studio in the Sydney suburb of Hurstville . Byrne gave the Gibb brothers virtually unlimited access to St Clair Studio over a period of several months in mid-1966. [16] The group later acknowledged that this enabled them to greatly improve their skills as recording artists. During this productive time they recorded a large batch of original material—including the song that would become their first major hit, “ Spicks and Specks ” (on which Byrne played the trumpet coda)—as well as cover versions of current hits by overseas acts such as The Beatles. They regularly collaborated with other local musicians, including members of beat band Steve & The Board, led by Steve Kipner , Nat’s teenage son. [17] Frustrated by their lack of success, the Gibbs decided to return to England in late 1966. Ossie Byrne travelled with them, and Colin Petersen, who eventually became the group’s drummer, followed soon after. While at sea in January 1967, they learned that “Spicks and Specks” had been awarded Best Single of the Year by Go-Set , Australia’s most popular and influential music newspaper. 1967–68: International fame and touring years[ edit ] Bee Gees’ 1st, Horizontal, and Idea[ edit ] See also: The Bee Gees’ concerts in 1967 and 1968 The Bee Gees in 1967 (left to right: Barry Gibb, Robin Gibb, Vince Melouney, Maurice Gibb, and Colin Petersen) Before their departure from Australia to England, Hugh Gibb sent demos to Brian Epstein , a promoter who managed The Beatles and directed NEMS , a British music store. Brian Epstein passed the demo tapes to Robert Stigwood , who had recently joined NEMS. [18] After an audition with Stigwood in February 1967, The Bee Gees signed a five-year contract whereby Polydor Records would release their records in the UK and Atco Records would do so in the US. Work quickly began on the group’s first international album, and Stigwood launched a promotional campaign to coincide with its release. [19] Stigwood proclaimed that the Bee Gees were “The Most Significant New Talent of 1967”, thus initiating the comparison of The Bee Gees to The Beatles. Before recording the first album they added Colin Petersen and Vince Melouney to make the group as a band. [20] “ New York Mining Disaster 1941 “, their second British single (their first-issued UK 45 rpm was “Spicks and Specks”), was issued to radio stations with a blank white label listing only the song title. Some DJs immediately assumed this was a new single by The Beatles and started playing the song in heavy rotation . This helped the song climb into the top 20 in both the UK and US. No such chicanery was needed to boost The Bee Gees’ second single, “ To Love Somebody “, into the US Top 20. Originally written for Otis Redding , “To Love Somebody”, a soulful ballad sung by Barry, has since become a pop standard covered by many artists including The Flying Burrito Brothers , Rod Stewart , Bonnie Tyler , Janis Joplin , The Animals , Gary Puckett and the Union Gap , Nina Simone , Jimmy Somerville , Billy Corgan , and Michael Bolton . Another single, “ Holiday “, was released in the US, peaking at No. 16. The parent album, Bee Gees 1st (their first internationally), peaked at No. 7 in the US and No. 8 in the UK. Bill Shepherd was credited as the arranger. After recording that album, the band recorded their first BBC session at the Playhouse Theatre , Northumberland Avenue , in London, with Bill Bebb as the producer, and they performed three songs. That session is included on BBC Sessions: 1967–1973 (2008). [21] Following the release of Bee Gees’ 1st, the band was first introduced in New York as “the English surprise”. [22] At that time, the band made their first British TV appearance on Top of the Pops . Maurice recalled: “ Jimmy Savile was on it and that was amazing because we’d seen pictures of him in The Beatles fan club book, so we thought we were really there! That show had Lulu , us, The Move , and The [Rolling] Stones doing ‘ Let’s Spend the Night Together ‘. You have to remember this was really before the superstar was invented so you were all in it together. [23] ” In late 1967, they began recording for the second album. On 21 December 1967, for a live broadcast from Liverpool Anglican Cathedral , they performed their own song “Thank You For Christmas” (which was recorded in the Horizontal sessions but was not released until 2008) and also “ Silent Night ” and “ Hark! The Herald Angels Sing “. The folk group The Settlers also performed on the same program and were conducted by The Very Reverend Edward H. Patey, Dean of the Cathedral. [23] Ten days later, the band finished the year off with their Christmas Eve special How on Earth? January 1968 began with a promotional trip to the US. The Los Angeles Police Department was on alert in anticipation of a Beatles-type reception and special security arrangements were being put in place. [20] In February, Horizontal repeated the success of their first album, featuring their first UK No. 1 single “ Massachusetts ” (a No. 11 US hit), and the No. 7 UK single “ World “. [24] The sound of the album Horizontal had a more “rock” sound than their previous release, though ballads like “ And the Sun Will Shine ” and “ Really and Sincerely ” were also prominent. The Horizontal album reached No. 12 in the US, and No. 16 in the UK. Promoting the record, the band made their first appearance on US television on The Smothers Brothers Show on CBS. Tommy Smothers had first encountered the band on a trip to London, and became their friend as well as a fan. That evening, Tommy wore a shirt which Maurice had bought for him at The Beatles’ Apple Boutique . With the release of Horizontal, they also embarked on a Scandinavian tour with concerts in Copenhagen . Around the same time, the Bee Gees turned down an offer to write and perform the soundtrack for the film Wonderwall according to director Joe Massot . [23] On 27 February 1968, the band, backed by the 17-piece Massachusetts String Orchestra, began their first tour of Germany with two concerts at Hamburg Musikhalle. The band was supported by Procol Harum (who had a well-known hit “ A Whiter Shade of Pale “) on their German tour in March 1968. [25] As Robin’s partner Molly Hullis recalls: “Germans were wilder than the fans in England at the heights of Beatlemania .” The tour schedule took them to 11 venues in as many days with 18 concerts played, finishing with a brace of shows at the Stadthalle, Braunschweig. After that, the group was off to Switzerland. As Maurice described it, “ There were over 5,000 kids at the airport in Zurich . The entire ride to Bern , the kids were waving Union Jacks . When we got to the hotel, the police weren’t there to meet us and the kids crushed the car. We were inside and the windows were all getting smashed in, and we were on the floor. [23] ” On 17 March, the band performed on The Ed Sullivan Show performing “Words”. The other artists who performed on that night’s show were Lucille Ball , George Hamilton , and Fran Jeffries . [26] On 27 March 1968, the band performed at the Royal Albert Hall in London. [23] The Bee Gees performing on Dutch television Twien in 1968 Two more singles followed in early 1968, the ballad “ Words ” (No. 8 UK, No. 15 US) and the double A-sided single “ Jumbo ” b/w “ The Singer Sang His Song “. “Jumbo” was the Bee Gees’ least successful single to date only reaching No. 25 in the UK and No. 57 in the US. The Bee Gees felt that “The Singer Sang His Song” was the stronger of the two sides, an opinion shared by listeners in the Netherlands who made it a No. 3 hit. Further Bee Gees chart singles followed: “ I’ve Gotta Get a Message to You “, their second UK No. 1 (No. 8 US) and “ I Started a Joke ” (No. 6 US), both culled from the band’s third album Idea . [24] Idea reached No. 4 in the UK and was another top 20 album in the US (No. 17). [24] Following the tour and TV special to promote the album, Vince Melouney left the group, feeling that he wanted to play more of a blues style music than the Gibbs were writing. Melouney did achieve one feat while with the Bee Gees – his composition “ Such a Shame ” (from Idea) is the only song on any Bee Gees album not written by a Gibb brother. The group also filmed a BBC television special with Frankie Howerd called Frankie Howerd Meets The Bee Gees, written by Ray Galton and Alan Simpson . This gave the group the opportunity to show their own comedy skills in sketches with Howerd. The band were due to begin a seven-week tour of the US on 2 August 1968, but on 27 July, Robin collapsed and fell unconscious. He was admitted to a London nursing home suffering from nervous exhaustion and the American tour was postponed. [23] The band started to record their sixth album and this resulted in spending a week recording at Atlantic Studios in New York. Robin, not feeling well, missed the New York sessions, but the rest of the band put away instrumental tracks and demos. [27] Odessa, Cucumber Castle and break-up[ edit ] The Bee Gees performing at The Tom Jones Show in early 1969, one of the last performance with Robin as he left the group later in March By 1969, the cracks started to show within the group as Robin began to feel that Stigwood had been favouring Barry as the frontman. The Bee Gees’ performances in early 1969 on the Top of the Pops and The Tom Jones Show performing “I Started a Joke” and “First of May” as a medley was one of the last live performances of the group with Robin. [28] Their next album, which was to have been a concept album called Masterpeace, evolved into the double-album Odessa . Most rock critics felt this was the best Bee Gees album of the 1960s with its progressive rock feel on the title track , the country-flavoured “ Marley Purt Drive ” and “ Give Your Best “, and ballads such as “ Melody Fair ” and “ First of May “; (the last of which became the only single from the album and was a minor hit). Feeling that the flipside, “ Lamplight ” should have been the A-side, Robin quit the group in mid-1969 and launched a solo career The first of many Bee Gees compilations, Best of Bee Gees , was released featuring the non-LP single “ Words ” plus the Australian hit “ Spicks and Specks “. The single “ Tomorrow Tomorrow ” was also released and was a moderate hit in the UK reaching No. 23, but only No. 54 in the US. The compilation reached the top ten in both the UK and the US. [24] While Robin pursued his solo career, Barry, Maurice, and Petersen continued on as the Bee Gees recording their next album, Cucumber Castle . The band made their debut performance without Robin at Talk of the Town . They had recruited their sister, Lesley , into the group at this time. There was also a TV special filmed to accompany the album which aired on the BBC in 1971. Petersen played drums on the tracks recorded for the album, but was fired from the group after filming began (he went on to form the Humpy Bong with Jonathan Kelly ). His parts were edited out of the final cut of the film, and Pentangle drummer Terry Cox was recruited to complete the recording of songs for the album. After the album was released in early-1970, it seemed that the Bee Gees were finished. The leadoff single, “ Don’t Forget to Remember ” was a big hit in the UK reaching No. 2, but a disappointment in the US, only reaching No. 73. The next two singles, “ I.O.I.O. ” and “ If I Only Had My Mind on Something Else ” barely scraped the charts. On 1 December 1969, Barry and Maurice parted ways professionally. [29] Maurice started to record his first solo album The Loner which was not released. Meanwhile, he released the single “ Railroad “, and starred in the West End musical Sing a Rude Song. [30] In February 1970 Barry recorded a solo album which never saw official release either, though “ I’ll Kiss Your Memory ” was released as a single backed by “This Time” without much interest. [31] 1970–73[ edit ] The Bee Gees performing at The Midnight Special in 1973 In the summer of 1970, according to Barry “Robin rang me in Spain where I was on holiday [saying] ‘let’s do it again'”. By 21 August 1970, after they had got back together again, Barry announced that the Bee Gees “are there and they will never, ever part again”. Maurice said “We just discussed it and re-formed. We want to apologize publicly to Robin for the things that have been said.” [10] Earlier in June 1970, Robin and Maurice recorded a dozen songs before Barry joined and included two songs that were on their reunion album. [32] Around the same time, Barry and Robin were about to publish the book On the Other Hand. [10] They also recruited Geoff Bridgford as the group’s official drummer; Bridgford previously worked with the Groove , Tin Tin and played drums on Maurice’s unreleased first solo album. [33] 2 Years On was released in October in the US and November in the UK in 1970. The lead single “ Lonely Days ” reached at No. 3 on the United States, promoted by appearances on The Johnny Cash Show , Johnny Carson ‘s Tonight Show , The Andy Williams Show , The Dick Cavett Show and The Ed Sullivan Show. [10] Their ninth album, Trafalgar , was released in late 1971. The single “ How Can You Mend a Broken Heart ” was the first to hit No 1 on the US Charts, while “ Israel ” reached No. 22 in the Netherlands. “How Can You Mend a Broken Heart” also brought Bee Gees their first Grammy Award nomination for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals . Later that year, The group’s songs were included in the soundtrack for the film Melody . In 1972, they hit No. 16 in the US with the non-album single “ My World ” backed by Maurice’s composition “ On Time “. Another 1972 single, “ Run To Me ” from the LP To Whom It May Concern returned them to the UK top ten for the first time in three years. [24] On 24 November 1972, the band headlined the “Woodstock of the West” Festival at the Los Angeles Coliseum (which was an answer to Woodstock in New York , Eastern United States), which also featured Sly & The Family Stone , Stevie Wonder and the Eagles . [34] [35] Also in 1972, the group sang “ Hey Jude ” with Wilson Pickett . [36] By 1973, however, the Bee Gees were in a rut. The album, Life in a Tin Can , released on Robert Stigwood’s newly formed RSO Records and its lead-off single, “ Saw a New Morning “, sold poorly with the single peaking at No. 94. This was followed by an unreleased album (known as A Kick in the Head Is Worth Eight in the Pants ). A second compilation album, Best of Bee Gees, Volume 2 was released in 1973 though it did not repeat the success of Volume 1 . On 6 April 1973 episode of The Midnight Special they performed “ Money (That’s What I Want) ” with Jerry Lee Lewis . [37] Also in 1973, they were invited by Chuck Berry to perform with him onstage at The Midnight Special performing “ Johnny B. Goode “ [38] as well as “ Reelin’ and Rockin “. [39] After a tour of United States in early 1974, the group ended up playing small clubs. [40] As Barry joked, “We ended up in, have you ever heard of Batley’s the variety club in ( Leeds )England?”. [41] On the advice of Ahmet Ertegün , head of their US label Atlantic Records , Stigwood arranged for the group to record with famed soul music producer Arif Mardin . The resulting LP, Mr. Natural , included fewer ballads and foreshadowed the R&B direction of the rest of their career. But when it too failed to attract much interest, Mardin encouraged them to work within the soul music style. The brothers attempted to assemble a live stage band that could replicate their studio sound. Lead guitarist Alan Kendall had come on board in 1971, but did not have much to do until Mr. Natural. For that album, they added drummer Dennis Bryon, and they later added ex- Strawbs keyboard player Blue Weaver, completing the Bee Gees band that lasted through the late ’70s. Maurice, who had previously performed on piano, guitar, harpsichord, electric piano, organ, mellotron , and bass guitar, as well as mandolin and Moog synthesiser , now confined himself to bass onstage. 1975–79: Turning to disco[ edit ] Main Course and Children of the World[ edit ] Bee Gees’ wordmark logo (1975–81) At Eric Clapton ‘s suggestion, the brothers relocated to Miami, Florida , early in 1975 to record. After starting off with ballads, they eventually heeded the urging of Mardin and Stigwood and crafted more dance-oriented disco songs, including their second US No. 1, “ Jive Talkin’ “, along with US No. 7 “ Nights on Broadway “. The band liked the resulting new sound. This time the public agreed by sending the LP Main Course up the charts. This album included the first Bee Gees songs where Barry used falsetto, [42] something that would later become a trademark of the band. This was also the first Bee Gees album to have two US top-10 singles since 1968’s Idea. Main Course also became their first charting R&B album. On the Bee Gees’ appearance on The Midnight Special in 1975 to promote Main Course, they sang “To Love Somebody” with Helen Reddy . [43] Around the same time, the Bee Gees recorded three Beatles covers—” Golden Slumbers / Carry That Weight “, “ She Came in Through the Bathroom Window ” with Barry providing lead vocals and “ Sun King ” with Maurice providing lead vocals, for the unsuccessful musical/documentary All This and World War II . [44] The next album, Children of the World released in September 1976 was drenched in Barry’s new-found falsetto and Weaver’s synthesizer disco licks. Mardin was unavailable to produce, so the Bee Gees enlisted Albhy Galuten and Karl Richardson, who had worked with Mardin during the Main Course sessions. This production team would carry the Bee Gees through the rest of the 1970s. The first single from the album was “ You Should Be Dancing ” (which features percussion work by musician Stephen Stills . [45] ) The song pushed the Bee Gees to a level of stardom they had not previously achieved in the US, though their new R&B/disco sound was not as popular with some die hard fans. The pop ballad “ Love So Right ” reached No. 3 in the US, and “ Boogie Child ” reached US No. 12 in January 1977. [46] The album peaked at No. 8 in the US. [47] A compilation Bee Gees Gold was released in November, containing the group’s hits from 1967-1971. Saturday Night Fever and Spirits Having Flown[ edit ] Following a successful live album, Here at Last… Bee Gees… Live , the Bee Gees agreed with Stigwood to participate in the creation of the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack . It would be the turning point of their career. The cultural impact of both the film and the soundtrack was seismic throughout the world, prolonging the disco scene’s mainstream appeal. The band’s involvement in the film did not begin until post-production. As John Travolta asserted, “The Bee Gees weren’t even involved in the movie in the beginning … I was dancing to Stevie Wonder and Boz Scaggs .” [48] Producer Robert Stigwood commissioned the Bee Gees to create the songs for the film. [49] The brothers wrote the songs “virtually in a single weekend” at Château d’Hérouville studio in France. [48] Barry Gibb remembered the reaction when Stigwood and music supervisor Bill Oakes arrived and listened to the demos: They flipped out and said these will be great. We still had no concept of the movie, except some kind of rough script that they’d brought with them… You’ve got to remember, we were fairly dead in the water at that point, 1975, somewhere in that zone — the Bee Gees’ sound was basically tired. We needed something new. We hadn’t had a hit record in about three years. So we felt, Oh Jeez, that’s it. That’s our life span, like most groups in the late 60s. So, we had to find something. We didn’t know what was going to happen. [48] Bill Oakes, who supervised the soundtrack, asserts that Saturday Night Fever did not begin the disco craze; rather, it prolonged it: “Disco had run its course. These days, Fever is credited with kicking off the whole disco thing—it really didn’t. Truth is, it breathed new life into a genre that was actually dying.” [48] Three Bee Gees singles “ How Deep Is Your Love ” (US No. 1, UK No. 3), “ Stayin’ Alive ” (US No. 1, UK No. 4) and “ Night Fever ” (US No. 1, UK No. 1) charted high in many countries around the world, launching the most popular period of the disco era. [24] They also penned the song “ If I Can’t Have You ” which became a US No. 1 hit for Yvonne Elliman , while the Bee Gees’ own version was the B-Side of “Stayin’ Alive”. Such was the popularity of Saturday Night Fever that two different versions of the song “ More Than a Woman ” received airplay, one by the Bee Gees, which was relegated to album track, and another by Tavares , which was the hit. The Gibb sound was inescapable. During an eight-month period beginning in the Christmas season of 1977, six songs written by the brothers held the No. 1 position on the US charts for 25 of 32 consecutive weeks—three of their own releases, two for brother Andy Gibb , and the Yvonne Elliman single. Fuelled by the movie’s success, the soundtrack broke multiple industry records, becoming the highest-selling album in recording history to that point. With more than 40 million copies sold, Saturday Night Fever is among music’s top five best selling soundtrack albums. As of 2010, it is calculated as the 4th highest-selling album worldwide. [50] In March 1978, the Bee Gees held the top 2 positions on the US Charts with “Night Fever” and “Stayin’ Alive”, the first time this had happened since the Beatles. On the US Billboard Hot 100 chart for 25 March 1978, five songs written by the Gibbs were in the US top ten at the same time: “Night Fever”, “Stayin’ Alive”, “If I Can’t Have You”, “Emotion” and “Love is Thicker Than Water”. Such chart dominance had not been seen since April 1964, when the Beatles had all five of the top five American singles. Barry Gibb became the only songwriter to have four consecutive number one hits in the US, breaking the John Lennon and Paul McCartney 1964 record. These songs were “Stayin’ Alive”, “Love Is Thicker Than Water”, “Night Fever”, and “If I Can’t Have You”. The Bee Gees won five Grammy Awards for Saturday Night Fever over two years: Album of the Year , Producer of the Year (with Albhy Galuten and Karl Richardson), two awards for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals (one in 1978 for “How Deep Is Your Love” and one in 1979 for “Stayin’ Alive”) and Best Vocal Arrangement for Two or More Voices for “Stayin’ Alive”. During this era, Barry and Robin also wrote “ Emotion ” for an old friend, Australian vocalist Samantha Sang , who made it a Top Ten hit, with the Bee Gees sang backing vocals. Barry also wrote the title song to the movie version of the Broadway musical Grease for Frankie Valli to perform, which went to No. 1. The Bee Gees’ younger brother Andy now followed his older siblings into a music career, and enjoyed considerable success. Produced by Barry, Andy Gibb’s first three singles all topped the US charts. The Bee Gees also co-starred with Peter Frampton in Robert Stigwood’s film Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band (1978), loosely inspired by the classic 1967 album by The Beatles. The movie had been heavily promoted prior to release, and was expected to enjoy great commercial success. However, it was savaged by the movie critics as a disjointed mess, and ignored by the public. Though some of its tracks charted, the soundtrack too was a high-profile flop. The single “ Oh! Darling “, credited to Robin Gibb, reached No. 15 in the US. The Bee Gees’ follow-up to Saturday Night Fever was the Spirits Having Flown album. It yielded three more hits: “ Too Much Heaven ” (US No. 1, UK No. 3), “ Tragedy ” (US No. 1, UK No. 1) and “ Love You Inside Out ” (US No. 1). [24] This gave the act six consecutive No. 1 singles in the US within a year and a half (a record surpassed only by Whitney Houston ). In January 1979, the BeeGees performed “Too Much Heaven” as their contribution to the Music for UNICEF Concert at the United Nations General Assembly in January 1979, a benefit organised by the Bee Gees, Robert Stigwood , and David Frost for UNICEF that was broadcast worldwide. The brothers donated the royalties from the song to the charity. Up to 2007, this song has earned over $11 million for UNICEF . During the summer of 1979, the Bee Gees embarked on their largest concert tour covering the US and Canada. The Spirits Having Flown tour capitalised on Bee Gees fever that was sweeping the nation, with sold out concerts in 38 cities. The Bee Gees produced a video for the title track of “ Too Much Heaven “, directed by Miami-based filmmaker Martin Pitts and produced by Charles Allen. With this video, Pitts and Allen began a long association with the brothers. The Bee Gees even had a country hit in 1979 with “ Rest Your Love on Me “, the flip side of their pop hit “Too Much Heaven”, which made Top 40 on the country charts. It was also a 1981 hit for Conway Twitty topping the country charts. [51] The Bee Gees’ overwhelming success rose and fell with the disco bubble. By the end of 1979, disco was rapidly declining in popularity, and the backlash against disco put the Bee ]Gees’ American career in a tailspin. Radio stations around the US began promoting “Bee Gee-Free Weekends”. Following their remarkable run from 1975 to 1979, the act would have only one more top ten single in the US, and that would not come until 1989. Barry Gibb considered the success of the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack both a blessing and a curse: Fever was No. 1 every week… It wasn’t just like a hit album. It was No. 1 every single week for 25 weeks. It was just an amazing, crazy, extraordinary time. I remember not being able to answer the phone, and I remember people climbing over my walls. I was quite grateful when it stopped. It was too unreal. In the long run, your life is better if it’s not like that on a constant basis. Nice though it was. [48] 1980–86: Outside projects, band turmoil, solo efforts and decline[ edit ] Robin co-produced Jimmy Ruffin ‘s Sunrise released in May 1980 but the songs were started in 1979; the album contains songs which were written by the Gibb brothers. [52] In March 1980, Barry Gibb worked with Barbra Streisand on her album Guilty . He co-produced and wrote or co-wrote all nine of the album’s tracks (four of them written with Robin and the title track with both Robin and Maurice). Barry also appeared on the album’s cover with Streisand, and duetted with her on two tracks. The album reached No. 1 in both the US and the UK, as did the single “ Woman in Love ” (written by Barry and Robin), becoming Streisand’s most successful single and album to date. Both of the Streisand/Gibb duets, “ Guilty ” and “ What Kind of Fool “, also reached the US top 10. In October, the Bee Gees regrouped to record songs that would go onto their upcoming album but wasn’t continued and Weaver, Kendall (returned in 1987) and Bryon left the group and the brothers later recruited some studio musicians. In 1981, the Bee Gees released the album Living Eyes , their last full-length album release on RSO. This album was the first CD ever played in public, when it was played to viewers of the BBC show Tomorrow’s World . [53] With the disco backlash still running strong, the album failed to make the UK or US Top 40—breaking their streak of Top 40 hits, which started in 1975 with “ Jive Talkin’ “. Two singles from the album fared little better—” He’s a Liar “, reaching No. 30 in the US and “ Living Eyes “, reaching No. 45. In 1982, Dionne Warwick enjoyed a UK No. 2 and US Adult Contemporary No. 1 hit with her comeback single, “ Heartbreaker “, taken from her album of the same name written largely by the Bee Gees and co-produced by Barry Gibb. The album reached No. 3 in the UK and the Top 30 in the US, where it was certified Gold. A year later Dolly Parton and Kenny Rogers recorded the Bee Gees-penned track “ Islands in the Stream “, which became a US No. 1 hit and entered the Top 10 in the UK. Rogers’ 1983 album, Eyes That See in the Dark , was written entirely by the Bee Gees and co-produced by Barry. The album was a Top 10 hit in the US and was certified Double Platinum. The Bee Gees had greater success with the soundtrack to Staying Alive in 1983, the sequel to Saturday Night Fever . The soundtrack was certified platinum in the US, and included their Top 30 hit “ The Woman in You “. Also in 1983, the band was sued by Chicago songwriter Ronald Selle , who claimed that the brothers stole melodic material from one of his songs, “Let It End”, and used it in “How Deep Is Your Love”. At first, the Bee Gees lost the case; one juror said that a factor in the jury’s decision was the Gibbs’ failure to introduce expert testimony rebutting the plaintiff’s expert testimony that it was “impossible” for the two songs to have been written independently. However, the verdict was overturned a few months later. [54] In August 1983, Barry had signed a solo deal with MCA Records and he spent much of late 1983 and 1984 writing songs for this first solo effort. [55] While Robin, on the other hand, released two solo albums in the 80s, How Old Are You? and Secret Agent . And Maurice released his second single up to date “ Hold Her in Your Hand ” for the first time since 1970. In 1985, Diana Ross released the album Eaten Alive , written by the Bee Gees, with the title track co-written with Michael Jackson (who also performed on the track). The album was again co-produced by Barry Gibb and the single “ Chain Reaction ” gave Ross a UK and Australian No. 1 hit. 1987–99: Comeback and return to popularity[ edit ] The Bee Gees released the album E.S.P. in 1987, which sold over 3 million copies. It was their first album in six years, and their first for Warner Bros. Records . The single “ You Win Again ” went to No. 1 in numerous countries, including the UK, [56] and made the Bee Gees the first group to score a UK No. 1 hit in each of three decades: the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s. [57] The single was a disappointment in the US, charting at No. 75, and the Bee Gees voiced their frustration over American radio stations not playing their new European hit single, an omission which the group felt led to poor sales of their current album in the US. The song won the Bee Gees the 1987 British Academy’s Ivor Novello award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically, and in February 1988 the band received a Brit Award nomination for Best British Group. [58] [59] On 10 March 1988, younger brother Andy died, aged 30, as a result of myocarditis , an inflammation of the heart muscle due to a recent viral infection. His brothers acknowledge that Andy’s past drug and alcohol use probably made his heart more susceptible to this illness. Just before Andy’s death, the brothers had decided that Andy would join them, which would have made them a four-piece group. The Bee Gees’ following album, One (1989), featured a song dedicated to Andy, “Wish You Were Here”. The album also contained their first US top ten hit (No. 7) in a decade, “One” (an Adult Contemporary No. 1). After the album’s release, the band embarked on its first world tour in ten years. In 1990, Polydor Records issued the box set Tales from the Brothers Gibb: A History in Song , which contains all singles released (except 1981’s “Living Eyes”), rare B-sides, unreleased tracks, solo material, and live performances. Many songs received new stereo mixes by Bill Inglot with some songs making their CD debut. At the time of its release, Tales was one of the first box sets issued in the music business and it was considered an honour for a group to have one. In the UK, Polydor issued a single disc hits collection from Tales called The Very Best of the Bee Gees , which contained their biggest UK hits. The album became one of their best selling albums in that country, eventually being certified Triple Platinum. Bee Gees in Los Angeles in 1992 Following their next album, High Civilization (1991), which contained the UK top five hit “ Secret Love “, the Bee Gees went on a European tour. After the tour, Barry Gibb began to battle a serious back problem, which required surgery. In addition, he also suffered from arthritis , and at one point, it was so severe that it was doubtful that he would be able to play guitar for much longer. Also in the early 1990s, Maurice Gibb finally sought treatment for his alcoholism, which he had battled for many years, with the help of Alcoholics Anonymous . In 1993, the group returned to the Polydor label, and released the album Size Isn’t Everything , which contained the UK top five hit “For Whom the Bell Tolls”. Success still eluded them in the US, however, as the first single released, “ Paying the Price of Love ” only managed to reach No. 74 on the Billboard Hot 100 while the parent album stalled at No. 153. In 1997, they released the album Still Waters , which sold over four million copies, and reached No.2 in the UK (their highest album chart position there since 1979) and No.11 in the US. The album’s first single, “ Alone “, gave them another UK Top 5 hit and a top 30 hit in the US. Still Waters would be the band’s most successful US release of their post-RSO era. At the 1997 BRIT Awards held in Earls Court , London on 24 February, the Bee Gees received the award for Outstanding Contribution to Music. [60] On 14 November 1997, the Bee Gees performed a live concert in Las Vegas called One Night Only . The show included a performance of “Our Love (Don’t Throw It All Away)” synchronised with a vocal by their deceased brother Andy and a cameo appearance by Celine Dion singing “ Immortality “. The CD of the performance sold over 5 million copies. The “One Night Only” name grew out of the band’s declaration that, due to Barry’s health issues, the Las Vegas show was to be the final live performance of their career. After the immensely positive audience response to the Vegas concert, Barry decided to continue despite the pain, and the concert expanded into their last full-blown world tour of “One Night Only” concerts. [23] [ page needed ] The tour included playing to 56,000 people at London’s Wembley Stadium on 5 September 1998 and concluded in the newly built Olympic Stadium in Sydney, Australia on 27 March 1999 to 72,000 people. [23] [ page needed ] In 1998, the group’s soundtrack for Saturday Night Fever was incorporated into a stage production produced first in the West End and then on Broadway. They wrote three new songs for the adaptation. Also in 1998 the brothers recorded Ellan Vannin for Isle of Man charities. Known as the unofficial national anthem of the Isle of Man, the brothers performed the song during their world tour to reflect their pride in the place of their birth. [61] The Bee Gees closed the decade with what turned out to be their last full-sized concert, known as BG2K, on 31 December 1999. 2000–08: This Is Where I Came In and Maurice’s death[ edit ] In 2001, the group released what turned out to be their final album of new material as a group, This Is Where I Came In . The album was another success, reaching the Top 10 in the UK (being certified Gold), and the Top 20 in the US. The title track was also a UK Top 20 hit single. The album gave each member of the group a chance to write in his own way, as well as composing songs together. For example, Maurice’s compositions and leads are the “Man in the Middle” and “Walking on Air”, while Robin contributed “Déjà Vu”, “Promise the Earth”, and “Embrace”, and Barry contributed “Loose Talk Costs Lives”, “Technicolour Dreams”, and “Voice in the Wilderness”. The other songs are collaborative in writing and vocals. They performed many tracks from This Is Where I Came In, plus many of their biggest hits, on the live televised concert series Live by Request , shown on the A&E Network . The last concert of the Bee Gees as a trio was at the Love and Hope Ball in 2002. Maurice, who had been the musical director of the Bee Gees during their final years as a group, died suddenly on 12 January 2003 at the age of 53 from a heart attack, while awaiting emergency surgery to repair a strangulated intestine . [62] Initially, his surviving brothers announced that they intended to carry on the name “Bee Gees” in his memory. But as time passed they decided to retire the group name, leaving it to represent the three brothers together. [63] The same week that Maurice died, Robin’s solo album Magnet was released. On 23 February 2003, the Bee Gees received the Grammy Legend Award , they also became the first recipients of that award in the 21st century. Barry and Robin accepted as well as Maurice’s son, Adam, in a tearful ceremony. [64] Although there was talk of a memorial concert featuring both surviving brothers and invited guests, [65] nothing materialised. Barry and Robin continued to work independently, and both released recordings with other artists, occasionally coming together to perform at special events. In late 2004, Robin embarked on a solo tour of Germany, Russia and Asia. During January 2005, Barry, Robin and several legendary rock artists recorded “Grief Never Grows Old”, the official tsunami relief record for the Disasters Emergency Committee . Later that year, Barry reunited with Barbra Streisand for her top-selling album Guilty Pleasures , released as Guilty Too in the UK as a sequel album to the previous Guilty . Robin continued touring in Europe. Also in 2004, Barry recorded his song “I Cannot Give You My Love” with Cliff Richard , which became a UK top 20 hit single. [66] In February 2006, Barry and Robin reunited on stage for a Miami charity concert to benefit the Diabetes Research Institute. It was their first public performance together since the death of brother Maurice. Barry and Robin also played at the 30th annual Prince’s Trust Concert in the UK on 20 May 2006. [67] In October 2008, Robin performed a couple of songs in London as part of the BBC Electric Proms Saturday Night Fever performance. This involved various other performers and the BBC Concert Orchestra and was screened on the BBC and BBC interactive services. 2009–12: Return to performing and Robin’s death[ edit ] In an interview with Easy Mix radio host Tim Roxborough on 1 September 2009, Barry’s 63rd birthday, Barry commented on future tours saying that “they will be back”; but in an agreement with Warner/Rhino they would not make an announcement at that time. [68] [69] On 7 September 2009, Robin disclosed to Jonathan Agnew that he had been in touch with Barry and that they had agreed that the Bee Gees would re-form and “perform again”. [70] Barry and Robin performed on the BBC ‘s Strictly Come Dancing on 31 October 2009 [71] and appeared on ABC-TV ‘s Dancing with the Stars on 17 November 2009. [72] On 15 March 2010, Barry and Robin inducted the Swedish group ABBA into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . [73] On 26 May 2010, the two made a surprise appearance on the ninth season finale of American Idol . In October 2010, Robin Gibb was interviewed by the Daily Mail , and confirmed that the story of the Bee Gees was to be made into a Hollywood movie by Steven Spielberg . Robin told the Daily Mail: “The movie is going to be done by some very important people. It will be our life story. Barry and I will be involved in the technical side”. One of the challenges for Spielberg will be replicating the brothers’ distinctive three-part harmonies and Barry’s falsetto voice. Robin said: “I’d like our original recordings to be used because it’s very hard to emulate them.” [74] On 20 November 2011 it was announced that Robin Gibb, at 61 years old, had been diagnosed with liver cancer , a condition he had become aware of several months earlier. He had become noticeably thinner in previous months and had to cancel several appearances due to issues with severe abdominal pain. [75] On 13 February 2012, Robin joined British military trio The Soldiers for the Coming Home charity concert at the London Palladium , in support of injured servicemen. It was his first public appearance for almost five months, and his final. [76] On 14 April 2012, it was reported that Robin had contracted pneumonia [77] in a Chelsea hospital and was in a coma. [78] Although he came out of his coma on 20 April 2012, his condition deteriorated rapidly, [79] and he died on 20 May 2012. [80] With Robin’s death, Barry became the last surviving Gibb brother, and the Bee Gees dissolved as a musical group. 2012–present: After the break-up[ edit ] In September and October 2013, Barry performed his first solo tour “in honour of his brothers and a lifetime of music”. In addition to the Rhino Collection, The Studio Albums: 1967–1968, Warner Bros. released a box set in 2014 called The Warner Bros Years: 1987-1991 that included the studio albums E.S.P., One, and High Civilization as well as extended mixes and B-sides. It also included the band’s entire 1989 concert in Melbourne , Australia , available only on video as “All For One” prior to this release. [81] The documentary The Joy of the Bee Gees is aired on BBC Four on 19 December 2014. [82] [83] In 2015, 13STAR Records released a box set 1974-1979 by March 23 which included the studio albums Mr. Natural, Main Course, Children of the World and Spirits Having Flown. A fifth disc called The Miami Years includes all the tracks from Saturday Night Fever as well as B-Sides. No unreleased tracks from the era were included. [84] Legacy[ edit ] Brian May of Queen said: “Of course I was, and am a huge fan of the Bee Gees’ creations in music. Undoubtedly at the pinnacle of song-writing considered over the last—30 years, is it?! My fondest recollections are not of the SNF days, which were really a re-birth in the Bee Gees’ popularity, but the early ground-breaking songs […] I remember singing these [songs] with my pal Tim Staffell [of Smile ] and Freddie [Mercury] in the real old days.” May also praised the song “ You Win Again ” as one of the greatest songs of the ’80s. [89] In his 1980 Playboy magazine interview, John Lennon praises the Bee Gees, “Try to tell the kids in the Seventies who were screaming to the Bee Gees that their music was just the Beatles redone. There is nothing wrong with the Bee Gees. They do a damn good job. There was nothing else going on then”. [90] Michael Jackson , who was also influenced by the Bee Gees says, “I cried listening to their music. I knew every note, every instrument”. Paul McCartney recalls “It was the ‘ Mining Disaster ‘ song that Robert Stigwood played me, I said ‘sign them, they’re great'”. Ringo Starr said, “The Bee Gees from our era were quite important, especially the harmonies.” [89] In a 2007 with Duane Hitchings, who co-wrote Rod Stewart ‘s 1978 disco song “ Da Ya Think I’m Sexy? ” noted that the song was: [91] “a spoof on guys from the ‘cocaine lounge lizards’ of the Saturday Night Fever days. We Rock and Roll guys thought we were dead meat when that movie and the Bee Gees came out. The Bee Gees were brilliant musicians and really nice people. No big egos. Rod, in his brilliance, decided to do a spoof on disco. VERY smart man. There is no such thing as a “dumb” super success in the music business.” [91] Barry Gibb once said: “When we first came out, Jimi Hendrix said we were two-year old Beatles . He was just giving an opinion at the time. People just like to have go at other artists. But we are very good friends with Jimi now”. Years later, Gibb recalled: “He was a great mate of mine. He came to my twenty-first birthday. He was an extremely polite bloke. I never knew about the drugs then. I thought he was acting a bit weird and saying kind of remote things, but I was too naive to even consider that it might be drugs, I never caught on with Jimi and the drugs. I saw him drunk a few times because I remember thinking he was always really quiet until he had a few drinks”. . [92] English indie rock band the Cribs was also influenced by the Bee Gees. Cribs member Ryan Jarman said that “It must have had quite a big influence on us – pop melodies is something we always revert to. I always want to get back to pop melodies and I’m sure that’s due to that Bee Gees phase we went through”. [93] Following Robin’s death in 20 May 2012, Beyoncé remarked: “The Bee Gees were an early inspiration for me, Kelly Rowland and Michelle . We loved their songwriting and beautiful harmonies. Recording their classic song, ‘Emotion’ was a special time for Destiny’s Child. Sadly we lost Robin Gibb this week. My heart goes out to his brother Barry and the rest of his family. [94] Singer Jordin Sparks remarked that her favorite Bee Gees songs are “Too Much Heaven”, “Emotion” (although performed by Samantha Sang with Barry on the background vocals using his falsetto) and “Stayin’ Alive”. [95] Carrie Underwood , on discovering the Bee Gees during her childhood, “My parents listened to the Bee Gees quite a bit when I was little, so I was definitely exposed to them at an early age. They just had a sound that was all their own, obviously, [it was] never duplicated”. [95] Songwriting[ edit ] “Everyone should be aware that the Bee Gees are second only to Lennon and McCartney as the most successful songwriting unit in British popular music.” —Music historian Paul Gambaccini . [98] At one point in 1978, the Gibb brothers were responsible for writing and/or performing nine of the songs in the Billboard Hot 100. [99] In all, the Gibbs placed 13 singles onto the Hot 100 in 1978, with 12 making the Top 40. The Gibb brothers are fellows of the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA). [100] At least 2,500 artists have recorded their songs. [101] Their most popular composition is “How Deep Is Your Love”, with 400 versions by other artists in existence. [102] Singer-songwriter Gavin DeGraw spoke to the Bee Gees’ influence with their own music as well as their songwriting: “Let’s talk about the Bee Gees. That’s an iconic group. Not just a great band, but a great group of songwriters. Even long after the Bee Gees’ success on the pop charts, they were still writing songs for other people, huge hit songs. Their talent went far beyond their moment of normal pop success. It is a loss to the music industry and a loss of an iconic group. The beauty of this industry is that we do pay tribute and every artist coming up is a fan of a generation prior to it, so there’s a real tradition element to it”. [95] Bee Gees’ star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame In October 1999 the Isle of Man Post Office unveiled a set of 6 stamps honouring their native sons’ music. The official launch took place at the London Palladium where the stage show of Saturday Night Fever was playing. A similar launch was held in New York shortly after to coincide with the show opening across the Atlantic. The songs depicted on the stamps are “Massachusetts”, “Words”, “I’ve Gotta Get A Message To You”, “Night Fever”, “Stayin’ Alive” and “Immortality”. In 1978, following the success of Saturday Night Fever, and the single “Night Fever” in particular, Reubin Askew , the Governor of the US state of Florida, named the Bee Gees honorary citizens of the state, since they resided in Miami at the time. [103] In 1979, the Bee Gees got their star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . They were inducted in 1994 on the Songwriters Hall of Fame , as well as Florida’s Artists Hall of Fame in 1995, ARIA Hall of Fame in 1997. Also in 1997, the Bee Gees were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . In 2001, they were inducted on the Vocal Group Hall of Fame. [104] After Maurice’s death, the Bee Gees inducted in Dance Music Hall of Fame in 2001, London’s Walk of Fame in 2006 and Musically Speaking Hall Of Fame in 2008. And on 15 May 2007, the Bee Gees were named BMI Icons at the 55th annual BMI Pop Awards. Collectively, Barry, Maurice and Robin Gibb have earned 109 BMI Pop, Country and Latin Awards. [105] All three brothers (including Maurice, posthumously) were appointed Commanders in the Order of the British Empire in December 2001 with the ceremony taking place at Buckingham Palace on 27 May 2004. [106] [107] On 10 July 2009, the Isle of Man’s capital bestowed the Freedom of the Borough of Douglas honour on Barry and Robin, as well as posthumously on Maurice. [108] On 20 November 2009, the Douglas Borough Council released a limited edition commemorative DVD to mark their naming as Freemen of the Borough. [109] On 14 February 2013, Barry Gibb unveiled a statue of the Bee Gees, as well as unveiling “Bee Gees Way” (a walkway filled with photos of the Bee Gees), in honour of the Bee Gees in Redcliffe , Queensland, Australia. [110] [111] [112] [113] American Music Awards[ edit ] This Is Where I Came In (2001) See also the soundtracks Saturday Night Fever (1977) and Staying Alive (1983), which contain music not released on their original LPs. All their officially released LPs included on this list; A Kick in the Head Is Worth Eight in the Pants have not been included on the list because it only appeared on numerous bootlegs and was not officially released. See also Song catalogue[ edit ] The Gibbs recently gained ownership rights to their back catalogue, returning distribution rights to Warner Music Group (which had purchased Atco), where they have since reissued digitally remastered versions of Saturday Night Fever, their later Bee Gees Greatest album, and a new boxed set: The Studio Albums: 1967–1968 under the Reprise Records / Rhino Records labels. Additionally, more recent titles such as Still Waters and This Is Where I Came In were among the first batch of re-releases. The band’s three Warner Bros. releases, E. S. P., One and High Civilisation were also made available on iTunes for the first time since the albums went out of print in North America in the mid-90s. According to Robin Gibb’s website, three more reissues were planned for the 2008 holiday season: Best of Bee Gees , Best of Bee Gees, Volume 2 and Love Songs . The double album Odessa was released on 13 January 2009 in a special 3-disc deluxe edition complete with the original red velvet cover with remastered stereo and mono versions of the album as well as alternate versions and unreleased tracks. Since the remastered release of Odessa, Rhino has stopped reissuing original Bee Gees albums and there has not been any announcement as to when the remaining albums will be remastered. Ellan Vannin was recorded in 1997 as a 1,000 quantity limited edition single for Isle of Man charities. The song was featured in the Bee Gees World Tour and on ITV ‘s “An Evening With …” but to date has not been released generally. The single was subsequently also available as part of the 1999 Bee Gees Stamp issue. In conjunction with the 50th anniversary of the Bee Gees (when they started calling themselves “Bee Gees” in 1959), Rhino Records have released two new collections. Mythology is a four-disc collection highlighting each brother, including Andy, with tracks personally selected by Barry, Robin, Maurice’s wife Yvonne (with his children Adam and Samantha), and Andy’s daughter Peta. Maurice’s disc contains two unreleased tracks called “Angel of Mercy” and “The Bridge”. Andy’s disc contains the unreleased track “Arrow Through The Heart”. Mythology also features a scrapbook of family photos, many never-before published, along with tributes from artists such as George Martin , Brian Wilson , Elton John , Graham Nash and the band’s longtime manager Robert Stigwood . The second collection, The Ultimate Bee Gees , is a more modest two-disc 40-track collection highlighting their biggest hits and includes a bonus DVD of unreleased videos, previously unreleased television appearances, live performances, and promo videos. Each disc is themed, with the first disc being the more upbeat songs called “A Night Out” and the second disc being more ballad-focused called “A Night In”. [124]	Isle of Man
In which country was JRR Tolkien born?	The Making of Saturday Night Fever: John Travolta and the Cast’s Retelling \| Vanity Fair Twitter Robert Stigwood, the 42-year-old Australian impresario known as “the Daryl Zanuck of pop,” was out of his mind. That was the talk in Hollywood, Bill Oakes remembers, on September 25, 1976, when his boss held a lavish press conference at the Beverly Hills Hotel to announce that the Robert Stigwood Organisation—RSO—had just signed John Travolta to a million-dollar contract to star in three films. Oakes, then in his mid-20s, had worked for the Beatles and had once been Paul McCartney’s assistant. By this time he was running RSO Records, which boasted Eric Clapton and the Bee Gees among its roster of pop stars. “Everyone thought it was madness,” says Oakes, “because nobody had ever made the transition from television to movie stardom. So, a lot of us thought to pay a million dollars for Vinnie Barbarino [Travolta’s character on the TV sitcom Welcome Back, Kotter] is going to make us a laughingstock.” Stigwood wanted Travolta to star in the movie version of Grease, the long-running Broadway musical (in which Travolta had already appeared as Doody, one of the T-Bird gang members, in a road company). Five years earlier, Stigwood had auditioned the actor—then just 17—for Jesus Christ Superstar, and though Ted Neeley got the job, Stigwood had penciled himself a note on a yellow pad: “This kid will be a very big star.” But Stigwood’s option for Grease stipulated that production could not begin before the spring of 1978, because the musical was still going strong. While they waited, Stigwood and his lieutenants began to look around for a new property. A few months before, an English rock critic by the name of Nik Cohn had published a magazine article entitled “Tribal Rites of the New Saturday Night.” Appearing in the June 7, l976, issue of New York, the article followed the Saturday-night rituals of a group of working-class Italian-Americans in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn, who held dead-end jobs but lived for their nights of dancing at a local disco called 2001 Odyssey. Cohn’s hero, named Vincent, was a tough, violent guy but a great dancer who yearned for a chance to shine, and to escape the mean streets of Brooklyn. On an icy winter night in 1975, Cohn had made his first trip to Bay Ridge with a disco dancer called Tu Sweet, who would serve as his Virgil. “According to Tu Sweet,” Cohn later wrote, “the [disco] craze had started in black gay clubs, then progressed to straight blacks and gay whites and from there to mass consumption—Latinos in the Bronx, West Indians on Staten Island, and, yes, Italians in Brooklyn.” In l975, black dancers like Tu Sweet were not welcome in those Italian clubs; nonetheless, he liked the dancers there—their passion and their moves. “Some of those guys, they have no lives,” he told Cohn. “Dancing’s all they got.” A brawl was in progress when they arrived at 2001 Odyssey. One of the brawlers lurched over to Cohn’s cab and threw up on his trouser leg. With that welcome, the two men hightailed it back to Manhattan, but not before Cohn caught a glimpse of a figure, dressed in “flared, crimson pants and a black body shirt,” coolly watching the action from the club doorway. “There was a certain style about him—an inner force, a hunger, and a sense of his own specialness. He looked, in short, like a star,” recalled Cohn. He’d found his Vincent, the protagonist of his New Journalism—style piece. Later, Cohn went back to the disco with the artist James McMullan, whose illustrations for the article helped persuade Cohn’s underwhelmed editor in chief, Clay Felker, to run it. The title was changed from “Another Saturday Night” to “Tribal Rites of the New Saturday Night,” and a note was added insisting that “everything described in this article is factual.” In the l970s it was almost unheard of to buy a magazine article for a movie, but “Tribal Rites” attracted enough attention that producer Ray Stark (Funny Girl) and a few others bid on it. Cohn had known Stigwood back in London and liked him. Stigwood came from humble stock: farm people in Adelaide, Australia. He’d made his way to London in the early l960s and ended up managing the Beatles organization for Brian Epstein. Ousted in the power struggle that followed Epstein’s death, Stigwood went on to create RSO Records, and in l968 he branched out into theater, putting together the West End productions of Jesus Christ Superstar, Hair, and Grease. His movie-producing career began five years later, with the film version of Jesus Christ Superstar, followed by Tommy, the rock musical written by the Who and directed by the flamboyant Ken Russell, which became one of the biggest movies of l975. So the deal was made, and Cohn was paid $90,000 for the rights. Now they had to find a director. In Los Angeles, Stigwood’s assistant, Kevin McCormick, a brilliant, lean 23-year-old from New Jersey, went from office to office looking for one. “Kid, my directors do movies,” one agent promptly told him. “They don’t do magazine articles.” But while McCormick was packing to return to New York, the phone rang, and it was the agent saying, “Kid, you’re in luck. My client came in and looked at this, and he’s interested. But you should see his movie first.” “So we saw Rocky on Monday, and we made a deal,” recalls McCormick, now executive vice president of production at Warner Bros. The client was director John Avildsen, and he brought in screenwriter Norman Wexler, who had earned his first Academy Award nomination for the screenplay for Joe, the popular 1970 film about a bigoted hard hat, played by Peter Boyle. (Incidentally, the film gave Susan Sarandon her first screen role.) Wexler had also co-adapted Peter Maas’s Serpico for the screen (which brought him a second Oscar nomination). That seemed fitting, as Al Pacino was something of the patron saint of Cohn’s article, as well as of the film—in the story, Vincent is flattered when someone mistakes him for Pacino, and in the movie, the poster from Serpico dominates Tony Manero’s Bay Ridge bedroom, going face-to-face with Farrah Fawcett’s famous cheesecake poster. Wexler, a tall man, often wrapped in a trench coat, puffed on Tarrytons so continuously he was usually wreathed in cigarette smoke. McCormick thought of him as “a sort of tragic figure, but enormously sympathetic.” A manic-depressive, Wexler was on and off his meds; when he stopped, all hell broke loose. Karen Lynn Gorney, who played Stephanie Mangano, Tony’s love interest in the movie, remembers, “He would come into his agent’s office, or try to pitch a script to somebody, and start giving nylons and chocolates to the secretaries.” He could turn violent, and was known to sometimes carry a .32-caliber pistol. In the grip of a manic episode, he once bit a stewardess on the arm; on another flight he announced that he had a plan to assassinate President Nixon. “You’ve heard of street theater?” he yelled, holding up a magazine picture of the president. “Well, this is airplane theater!” He was arrested and escorted off the plane. But McCormick was pleased when the script came in. At l49 pages, “it was way, way, way, way too long, but quite wonderful. I think what Norman did so well was to create a family situation that had real truth, an accurate look at how men related to women in that moment, in ways that you would never get away with now.” Wexler transformed Vincent into Tony Manero and gave him a young sister and a favored older brother who breaks his mother’s heart by leaving the priesthood. During one row at the dinner table, Tony explodes at his mother when she refuses to accept that her eldest has turned in his collar: “You got nuthin’ but three shit children!” he yells. Tony’s mother—played by acclaimed stage actress and Off Broadway playwright Julie Bovasso—bursts into tears, and Tony is overcome with remorse. Before John Travolta became a teen idol, he was a dancer. “I think my first turn-on to dance was James Cagney in Yankee Doodle Dandy, when I was five or six,” recalls Travolta on a break from filming the musical version of John Waters’s Hairspray in Toronto. “I used to try to imitate him in front of the television set. I liked black dancing better than white dancing. I used to watch Soul Train, and what I wanted to create was a Soul Train feel in Saturday Night Fever.” That famous strut to the Bee Gees’ “Stayin’ Alive” in the opening scene? “It was the walk of coolness. I went to a school that was 50 percent black, and that’s how the black kids walked through the hall.” “Nobody pushed me into show business,” Travolta says. “I was aching for it.” Born in l954 in Englewood, New Jersey, he was one of six kids, five of whom pursued careers in show business. His mother, Helen, was an actress who taught in a high-school theater-arts program and who set a record for swimming the Hudson River. His father, Salvatore (known as “Sam”), once played semi-pro football and was a co-owner of Travolta Tyre Exchange. John’s parents agreed to let him drop out of Dwight Morrow High School, in Englewood, at 16, for one year, to pursue a theatrical career. He never went back. Soon after, in 1970, Travolta caught the attention of agent Bob LeMond when he appeared as Hugo Peabody in a production of Bye Bye Birdie at Club Benet in Morgan, New York. LeMond quickly got him work in dozens of TV commercials, including one for Mutual of New York, in which Travolta played a teenager crying over the death of his father. Travolta moved to Los Angeles in 1974 and auditioned for The Last Detail, but lost the role to Randy Quaid. He landed a small role as Nancy Allen’s creepy, sadistic boyfriend in Brian De Palma’s Carrie, just before auditioning for Welcome Back, Kotter, the ABC sitcom about a group of unteachable Brooklyn high-school students called the “Sweathogs” and their local-boy teacher, played by the show’s creator, Gabe Kaplan. After signing to play the dumb but sexy Italian kid, Vinnie Barbarino (who thrilled the girls with his goofy grin, curly forelock, and swiveling snake hips), Travolta landed the lead role in Terrence Malick’s Days of Heaven. But ABC wouldn’t let him out of the Welcome Back, Kotter production schedule, and Richard Gere took his place. “I thought, What’s happening here? Will I ever get my big break?” Travolta recalls. What Travolta didn’t know was that he had already gotten his big break. The network was receiving l0,000 fan letters a week—just for him. Soon there were beefcake Vinnie Barbarino posters everywhere—that cleft chin, those cerulean eyes. His public appearances were mobbed. When his 1976 debut album was released, thousands of female fans packed E. J. Korvette’s record department in Hicksville, Long Island, and an estimated 30,000 fans showed up at what was then the world’s largest indoor mall, in Schaumburg, Illinois. When Carrie was released, Travolta’s name appeared above the title on some movie marquees. ABC asked him to star in his own show, based on the Barbarino character, but Travolta turned it down, worried about ever getting a major film role. Then Robert Stigwood called. While still appearing on Welcome Back, Kotter, Travolta had played the lead in an ABC TV movie called The Boy in the Plastic Bubble, the true story of a teenage boy who had been born without an immune system. It aired November 12, l976, and his co-star was Diana Hyland, who played his mother. Hyland—often described as “a Grace Kelly type”—had appeared on Broadway with Paul Newman in Sweet Bird of Youth, but was best known as Susan, an alcoholic wife on the TV series Peyton Place. A romance flowered between 22-year-old Travolta and 40-year-old Hyland, which baffled many who knew the young actor, and was toned down so as not to raise too many eyebrows in the press or alienate his teen fan base. “We were fairly dead in the water at that point,” Barry Gibb recalls. “We needed something new.” It was Diana who persuaded Travolta to take the role of Tony Manero. “I got the script, I read it that night,” Travolta recalls. “I wondered if I could give it enough dimension. Diana took it into the other room, and in about an hour she burst back in. ‘Baby, you are going to be great in this—great! This Tony, he’s got all the colors! First he’s angry about something. He hates the trap that Brooklyn and his dumb job are. There’s a whole glamorous world out there waiting for him, which he feels only when he dances. And he grows, he gets out of Brooklyn.’” Travolta remembers answering, “‘He’s also king of the disco. I’m not that good a dancer.’ ‘Baby,’ she said, ‘you’re going to learn!’” Stigwood “just had blithe confidence that the movie’s going to be up and ready to go,” according to McCormick. “And he had no financier. He was financing it himself with his new partners, for two and a half million dollars. I knew that the budget was at least $2.8 [million] already. I had a stomachache every day. We were making this low-budget movie out of l35 Central Park West—we literally put together the soundtrack in Stigwood’s living room.” And they had to hurry: Travolta and Stigwood were slated to film Grease soon after. This was just a little movie to get out of the way. After six months of prepping, a huge problem reared its head: the director turned out to be all wrong. McCormick noticed that Avildsen was becoming increasingly difficult. “First he couldn’t figure out who the choreographer should be. We met endlessly with [New York City Ballet principal dancer] Jacques D’Amboise. [Alvin Ailey star] Judith Jamison we talked to for a while. So, it just got to a point where Avildsen wanted to be put out of his misery. He was acting provocatively: ‘Travolta’s too fat. He can’t dance, he can’t do this, he can’t do that.’” Avildsen brought in a trainer, ex-boxer Jimmy Gambina, who had worked with Sylvester Stallone on Rocky, to get Travolta into shape, “which was really good,” McCormick says, “because Travolta is prone to be soft and not that energetic, and Gambina ran him like he was a fighter.” But Avildsen still wasn’t satisfied, and wondered if maybe Travolta’s character “shouldn’t be a dancer—maybe he should be a painter. It was just weird. It became Clifford Odets,” recalls McCormick. Travolta, ultimately, wasn’t happy with Avildsen, either; he felt the director wanted to smooth Tony’s rough edges, make him the kind of nice guy who carries groceries for old ladies in the neighborhood—another Rocky Balboa. Just weeks before filming was set to begin, Stigwood summoned Avildsen to an emergency meeting. That morning, Stigwood had learned, Avildsen had been nominated for an Oscar for Rocky. McCormick says, “Robert walked in and said, ‘John, there’s good news and bad news. The good news is you’ve just been nominated for an Academy Award. Congratulations. The bad news is you’re fired.’” (Avildsen won the Oscar.) “Now what do we do?” McCormick asked Stigwood. “We get another director.” So, John Badham came on the scene, three weeks before principal photography was to begin. Badham was born in England, raised in Alabama, and educated at the Yale School of Drama. Like Travolta, he came from a theatrical family. His mother was an actress and his sister, Mary, had played Scout, Atticus Finch’s daughter, in To Kill a Mockingbird. It was her connection to Gregory Peck that had gotten her brother’s foot in the door in the industry: in the mailroom at Warner Bros. At 34, Badham still had few credits to his name—some television and a baseball movie starring Billy Dee Williams, Richard Pryor, and James Earl Jones (The Bingo Long Traveling All-Stars & Motor Kings). He had just jumped from—or been pushed out of—directing The Wiz, because he objected to 33-year-old Diana Ross being cast as Dorothy. McCormick sent him the Saturday Night Fever script and promptly flew him to New York. When Travolta met Badham, he was surprised that his new director knew so little about New York. The actor took it upon himself to show Badham Manhattan and Brooklyn. “I said, ‘Let me be your guide. Let me take you by the hand and show you New York and its environs—the real New York. I know this town.’” He was a quick study, says McCormick. “Badham, the most unmusical guy in the world, brought in the choreographer, who was fantastic”—Lester Wilson. Travolta had already been working with Deney Terio, a disco dancer who would later host a TV disco competition called Dance Fever, but it was Wilson, many in the crew believe, who breathed life into the movie. Wilson was a black choreographer who had worked with Sammy Davis Jr. as a featured dancer in Golden Boy on Broadway and in London. A legend in gay dance clubs, he’d won an Emmy for choreographing Lola Falana’s television specials. Paul Pape, who played Double J, the most aggressive member of Tony Manero’s entourage, says, “Deney Terio did show John the moves, and I give him credit for that. But I don’t think Lester Wilson got nearly the credit that he deserved. The movie was Lester.” Travolta describes Wilson as “such an interesting guy. He taught me what he called his ‘hang time.’ He would smoke a cigarette to greet the day, and he infused my dancing with African-American rhythm. I’m the kind of dancer who needs thought and construction—an idea—before I dance. I need an internal story. Lester would put on some music and he would say, ‘Move with me, motherfucker—move with me!’” Before they could start filming, they had to get the setting just right. Lloyd Kaufman, co-founder of Troma Entertainment and the film’s executive in charge of locations, says, “We looked at every disco in Manhattan, Brooklyn, and Queens, and even considered converting a loft to our own specifications, before deciding to go with 2001 Odyssey, in Bay Ridge. That was always our first choice, since that’s where the story really happens.” The movie, except for two days’ filming on the West Side of Manhattan and the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge scenes, was shot entirely in Bay Ridge. “There were 10,000 kids on the streets, and we only have four security guys,” says Kevin McCormick. Filming in Brooklyn brought a whole new set of challenges. It was a rough place, and the production started to have some neighborhood problems. A firebomb was thrown at the discotheque, but it didn’t cause any serious damage. McCormick asked John Nicolella, the production manager on the shoot and a tough Italian character, “‘What the fuck is this about?’ And he said, ‘Well, you know, it’s a neighborhood thing. They want us to hire some of the kids.’ Then these two guys appeared on the set, pulled me off to the side. ‘You know, you’re being disruptive to the neighborhood. You might need some security. And if you want to put lights on the bowling alley across the street, Black Stan really wants seven grand.’” They paid him. Tom Priestley, then a camera operator on his first feature film, says, “We all grew up on locations in New York because Hollywood had all the studios. We had one or two stages that were decent. But most of the time, all our work was in the streets. We didn’t have all the bells and whistles that Hollywood had. And that’s what made us, I think, tough and adaptable. You figure if you can work in New York you can work anywhere.” To research his character, Travolta began sneaking into 2001 Odyssey with Wexler. So great was his popularity as Vinnie Barbarino he had to disguise himself in dark glasses and a hat. Before he was spotted, he watched the Faces—the cool, aggressive dancers Cohn had based his article on—concentrating on every detail of their behavior. When he was recognized—“Hey, man! Hey, it’s fuckin’ Travolta!”—the actor noticed how the disco’s alpha males kept their girls in line. “Their girlfriends would come up, and they’d say, ‘Hey, stay away from him, don’t bug Travolta,’ and they’d actually push the girls away. Tony Manero’s whole male-chauvinist thing I got from watching those guys in the discos,” says Travolta. Priestley remembers, “I would’ve thought the real guys [in Brooklyn] would have resented a film like this, like we’ve come to make fun of them or something, but they loved it. There was one brother-and-sister team that was very good. Remember, all those people in the show are extras. You see them dancing next to Travolta and Donna Pescow [who played Annette]. They were really good dancers.” There were no special effects in Saturday Night Fever, except for the smoke rising from the dance floor. Bill Ward, the film’s sole gaffer, explains that it wasn’t from dry ice or a smoke machine—it was “a toxic mix of burning tar and automobile tires, pinched from a Bay Ridge alley.” It created such heat and smoke that at one point they had to wheel in oxygen for Travolta. The filmmakers also went to great trouble and expense—$15,000—to put lights in the dance floor, designed to pulsate to the music. The walls were covered with aluminum foil and Christmas lights. When the club’s owner saw the dailies for the first time, he said, “Holy shit, you guys made my place look great!” Filming began on March 14, l977. “The first day’s location was outside the dance studio,” recalls McCormick. “I got a phone call from the production manager, and he said, ‘This is chaos!’ I came out and there were l0,000 kids on the streets, and we only have four security guys. So we had to shut down for a couple of hours while we just regrouped and tried to figure out a way to make it work. It was the first time that we actually had a sense of who John was.” By the end of the first day, they had to shut down and go home because “there was no place you could point the camera without seeing l5,000 people. We’d have to put out fake call sheets and get out there at 5:30 in the morning” to avoid the crush of fans. Brooklyn-born actress Donna Pescow, who breaks your heart as Annette, the foolish local girl whose adoration of Tony nearly destroys her, was in the makeup trailer with Travolta when fans surrounded them and started rocking the trailer back and forth. “That was terrifying,” she remembers. “So, they got the right people in the neighborhood, who said, ‘Don’t do that anymore.’ They were practically paying protection—I mean, it was really tough.” Karen Lynn Gorney, however, felt that the sheer energy released by thousands of Travolta’s female fans yelling “Barbarino!” added to the set. “It helped the film,” she says. “A lot of female hormones raging around—that might have been a good thing. Women aren’t supposed to express their sexuality, but that’s what you get, all that screaming and crying, because they’re sitting on their gonads.” A personal tragedy was unfolding for Travolta, however: Diana Hyland’s struggle with breast cancer. By the time he began preparing to play Tony Manero, she was dying. Travolta made many trips from New York to Los Angeles to be with her through her illness, so he was in a state of constant jet lag and distress. Two weeks after shooting began, he flew to the West Coast to be with Diana one last time. “He did not know Diana was sick when he fell in love,” Travolta’s mother, Helen, later told McCall’s magazine, “but he stuck with her when he did know.” On March 27, l977, Hyland died in his arms. Andy Warhol was on Travolta’s return flight to New York. He later wrote in his diary, “John Travolta kept going to the bathroom, coming out with his eyes bright red, drinking orange juice and liquor in a paper cup, and he put his head in a pillow and started crying. I saw him reading a script, too, so I thought he was acting, really cute and sensitive-looking, very tall…. You can see the magic in him. I asked the stewardess why he was crying and she said, ‘death in the family,’so I thought it was a mother or father, until I picked up the paper at home and found out that it was Diana Hyland, who’d died of cancer at forty-one, soap-opera queen, his steady date.” Karen Lynn Gorney later said that she could feel Diana’s spirit on the set, “protecting him, because he was going through deep grief and he had to get through it. If he fell into the grief, he wouldn’t be able to pull himself out of it. But he was very professional and he was right there on the money. I remember the scene at the Verrazano Bridge when I lean over and kiss him. The poor thing was suffering so, and that kiss was totally spontaneous. That wasn’t Tony and Stephanie—that was because I really saw he was hurting.” There’s another lovely scene between Travolta and Gorney, when Stephanie agrees to accompany Tony to a Brooklyn restaurant. “We wanted to see how much of it we could do in one shot,” Badham says about that scene, which was filmed through the restaurant’s window, so you see them through a glorious, dreamlike reflection of a city skyline—“magic and distant.” They try to impress each other with their savvy and their cool, but they are hilariously unpolished. (Stephanie informs Tony that worldly New Yorkers drink tea with lemon.) “These kids are trying to pretend like they’re a lot more sophisticated than they are,” Badham says, “though obviously anybody that says ‘Bonwit Taylor’ hasn’t quite got it all together.” As the scene unfolds, the light subtly changes, late afternoon moving into dusk. Badham and Travolta clashed on a number of occasions. When Travolta first saw the rushes of the opening scene, in which a stand-in—shot from the knees down—takes that famous walk along Brooklyn’s 86th Street to the beat of “Stayin’ Alive,” he insisted that his character wouldn’t walk like that. He made Badham reshoot the scene, this time with Travolta strutting down the avenue. Later, when Travolta got his first look at how his big dance solo had been edited, he had a meltdown. “I was crying and very angry because of the way the dance highlight was shot. I knew how it should appear on-screen, and it wasn’t shot that way. You couldn’t even see my feet!” The sequence had been edited for close-ups, so that all his hard work—the knee drops, the splits, the solo he had labored over for nine months—had been cut off at the knees. He knew that for the scene to work, he had to be seen head to toe, so no one would think someone else had done the dancing for him. One of the most famous dance numbers in the history of film almost didn’t make it to the screen. “I called Stigwood,” Travolta says, “crying and furious, and said, ‘Robert, I’m off the movie. I don’t want to be a part of it anymore.’” Stigwood gave Travolta license to re-edit the scene, over Badham’s objections. At 23, Travolta knew what he wanted and what he could do, and he was protecting his character and his dazzling moves. “The Bee Gees weren’t even involved in the movie in the beginning,” says Travolta. “I was dancing to Stevie Wonder and Boz Scaggs.” Once they came in, however, everything changed. Afterward, Stigwood thought of the Bee Gees as co-creators of the movie. “Those first five songs,” says Bill Oakes, “which I put on the first side of the soundtrack double album—‘Stayin’ Alive,’ ‘How Deep Is Your Love,’ ‘Night Fever,’ ‘More than a Woman,’ and ‘If I Can’t Have You’ [written by the brothers Gibb but sung by Oakes’s wife at the time, Yvonne Elliman]—that’s the side you couldn’t stop playing.” But in l976, before Stigwood bought the rights to Cohn’s article, “the Bee Gees were broken,” remembers McCormick. “They were touring Malaysia and Venezuela, the two places where they were still popular. They were a mess. Everybody [in the group] had their own little soap opera.” But Stigwood “still had this innate ability to spot where a trend was going, like he had this pop gyroscope implanted in him,” he adds. The Bee Gees are three brothers—Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb—who were born on the Isle of Man and grew up in Australia, and whose first big hit, “New York Mining Disaster l941,” had some people believing that it was secretly recorded by the Beatles under a pseudonym. It was followed by two more hits: “To Love Somebody” and “How Can You Mend a Broken Heart.” Quick fame and riches put tremendous strains on the group—they broke up, tried solo acts, regrouped, and by the time of Saturday Night Fever were considered a dated 60s band, awash in drugs and alcohol and legal problems. Nonetheless, Stigwood signed them to his record label and released “Jive Talkin’” to radio stations anonymously, because no one wanted to hear from the Bee Gees. Oakes recalls that in the early l970s “it was hard just getting the Bee Gees back on the radio, because they were virtually blacklisted.” But when “Jive Talkin’” hit, people were surprised to learn that “these falsetto-singing disco chaps were in fact your old Bee Gees—that again was Stigwood’s genius.” The song and the album it came from, Main Course, were huge hits. Even though they weren’t a disco band—they didn’t go to clubs, they didn’t even dance!—Stigwood felt they had “the beat of the dance floor in their blood,” Oakes says. When Stigwood told the band about Cohn’s article and asked them to write songs for the movie, they were back living on the Isle of Man, for tax reasons. Barry Gibb suggested a few titles, including “Stayin’ Alive” and “Night Fever,” but it wasn’t until they convened at the Chateau D’Heuroville studio, in France, to mix a live album called Here at Last Live, did they flesh out those songs—and they wrote them virtually in a single weekend. Stigwood and Oakes turned up in Heuroville, and the Bee Gees played their demos: “How Deep Is Your Love,” “Stayin’ Alive,” “Night Fever,” “More than a Woman.” “They flipped out and said these will be great. We still had no concept of the movie, except some kind of rough script that they’d brought with them,” according to Barry Gibb. “You’ve got to remember, we were fairly dead in the water at that point, 1975, somewhere in that zone—the Bee Gees’ sound was basically tired. We needed something new. We hadn’t had a hit record in about three years. So we felt, Oh jeez, that’s it. That’s our life span, like most groups in the late 60s. So, we had to find something. We didn’t know what was going to happen.” Oakes mixed the soundtrack on the Paramount lot. Senior executives would call across the commissary to ask, “‘How’s your little disco movie, Billy?’ They thought it was rather silly; disco had run its course. These days, Fever is credited with kicking off the whole disco thing—it really didn’t. Truth is, it breathed new life into a genre that was actually dying.” The music had a profound effect on cast and crew. Priestley remembers, “We all thought we’d fallen into a bucket of shit, and then we heard that music. It changed everything. We didn’t hear the soundtrack until we were about three weeks into the movie. But once you heard it, you said, ‘Whoa!’ An aura came over it. I mean, I’m not a disco fan, but that music transcends disco.” For the first time, everyone dared to think this movie could be big. Gorney, whose father was Jay Gorney, the songwriter who wrote such hits as “Brother, Can You Spare a Dime” and “You’re My Thrill,” had the same reaction: “The first time I heard the music I said, ‘Those are monster hits.’” “How long was the Fever shoot?” asks Karen Lynn Gorney rhetorically. “Three months and 30 years, and it’s not over yet. I seemed to be always working on the film, because of the dancing. Physically, I was weak when I started. I was terrified, because the first time I danced with John he’d been working for half a year on this stuff. I felt like I was trying to dance with a wild stallion—he was that strong.” An actress and dancer who was well known at the time as Tara Martin Tyler Brent Jefferson on ABC’s endlessly running soap opera All My Children, Gorney landed the part after sharing a cab with Stigwood’s nephew. When he described the movie to her, she asked, “Am I in it?” She then auditioned for Stigwood in his apartment in the San Remo, on Central Park West. “I remember this giant silk Chinese screen along the wall—the whole history of China. I did the best acting of my life in front of him.” She landed the part of Stephanie, a Brooklyn climber who has already made the big move to “the city” and is hell-bent on self-improvement—taking college courses and drinking tea with lemon. Tony reminds her of the neighborhood she’s trying to escape. It’s a touching and comic role—at one point, while showing off her erudition in her Brooklyn accent, she insists that Romeo and Juliet was written by Zefferelli. “I was trying to convince myself to stay away from Tony,” she says about her role, “because he wasn’t going to get me anywhere. I wanted you to see the voices in her head saying, ‘Oh, he’s too young. He doesn’t have any class.’” “I’m not that good a dancer,” Travolta told Hyland. “Baby,” she said, “you’re going to learn!” There was some early grumbling about Gorney when filming began. Certain crew members felt she was too old for the part, and that her dancing wasn’t up to par. (She had sustained serious injuries in a motorcycle accident a few years earlier.) But Pauline Kael, in her review of the film, found the performance affecting: “Gorney wins you over by her small, harried, tight face and her line readings, which are sometimes miraculously edgy and ardent. The determined, troubled Stephanie … is an updated version of those working girls that Ginger Rogers used to play.” Her toughness, her ambition—even her comic cluelessness—contribute to the authenticity of the film. As does an accent so thick it needs subtitles. The other important female character is Annette, played by Donna Pescow. She auditioned for the role six times—three for Avildsen, three for Badham. When she got the part, at 22, she said it was the first Christmas in years she wouldn’t have to work at Bloomingdale’s selling ornaments. She had spent two years at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, in New York, trying to get rid of her Brooklyn accent, but when she finally landed the role, she had to reclaim it. Legendary casting director Shirley Rich told her, “Donna. Move back home, hang out with your parents. You sound like you don’t come from anywhere.” “I grew up never calling it ‘Manhattan.’ It was always ‘the city’—‘We’re going to the city,’” Pescow recalls. “I was living with my folks because it was close to the set, and I didn’t drive. And so the Teamsters used to pick me up. My first night of shooting, my grandfather Jack Goldress drove me to the set in Bay Ridge. He was a former lighting man in vaudeville and then a movie projectionist at the RKO Albee, so movies were not a big thing for him. He was more interested in finding parking.” Badham rehearsed Pescow and the Faces for a couple of weeks, “just to get us to be kind of a gang. We went to the clubs together. Travolta couldn’t go because he was too recognizable, but the other guys went. I’d never been in a discotheque, ever.” One of the first scenes shot with Donna was the gang-rape scene, still a harrowing thing to watch. An acting coach at the American Academy once told her, “If you play a victim, you’re lost,” and she seems to have followed that advice. Though we cringe at the way her character is abused, we see her strength and her resilience. In her effort to become the kind of woman who can attract Tony, she allows herself to be abused by the boys she probably grew up with, went to school with, danced with. Yet her character has the most insight into how women’s roles were changing: Tony contemptuously asks her, “What are you anyway, a nice girl or you a cunt?” To which she replies, “I don’t know—both?” “John Badham and I had a running disagreement” about that scene, Pescow remembers. “I said, ‘She’s a virgin.’ He said, ‘No, she’s not.’ That’s why I never played it as if she were really raped—she wasn’t—she was off in her own little world,” offering up her virginity, by proxy, to Tony Manero. Pape admits how difficult it was to film that scene. “What Donna did was an incredible piece of acting. We were really worried it was going to affect our friendship. We talked about it a lot before we did it. We had to go into this choreographed situation where you’re violating your friend with no concern for her feelings whatsoever. We had to go to a place where we weren’t protecting her at all. She was willing to give it up to the wrong guy. And what did she really want? She just wanted to be loved.” Everyone on the set seemed to respond to Pescow’s vulnerability. Says Priestley, “The crew just loved her. She was so great. But we all felt sorry for her. There’s that great scene where she walks up to Tony and says, ‘You’re gonna ask me to sit down?’ And he says, ‘No,’ but she said, ‘You’d ask me to lie down.’ She was perfect—it was so Brooklyn. I mean, the little outfit with the white fur jacket? It makes you feel bad for every girl you screwed over.” Tony Manero’s Faces—his entourage of homeboys who watch his back, admire his dancing, keep the girls from bothering him, and rumble with the Puerto Ricans—were played with pathos and humor by Pape (Double J), Barry Miller (Bobby C.), and Joseph Cali (Joey). When he first moved to New York from Rochester, Pape says, “Pacino was the actor to be—he was the hottest thing. He was the presiding spirit of the movie. When Tony comes out of his room in his underwear and his Italian grandmother crosses herself, he says, ‘Attica! Attica!’—that’s from Dog Day Afternoon.” Pape managed to land this, his first film role, on his first audition—almost unheard of—and his character was a kind of “lieutenant figure who could easily have been the leader. But he had one flaw: he had a bad temper. That’s why he was in second position.” Like his cohorts, Cali, a stage-trained actor, would end up being typecast by the role of Joey. “People thought I was that street guy. I had to be Joey,” he later said. Miller, as the hapless Bobby C., has the most shocking moment in the film when he falls—or jumps—to his death from the Verrazano Bridge. He’s depressed because his girlfriend is pregnant and he knows he has to marry her, ending his carefree days as one of Tony’s entourage. The actors rehearsed for a few weeks in Manhattan, around Eighth Street and Broadway. “We just played basketball together and did that scene where we’re making fun of the gay guys,” Pape says. “We were all brand new—it’s what we’d been dreaming about, having a chance to prove ourselves. We all improvised well together.” (Travolta, in fact, was an inspired improviser. Manero’s overbearing father slaps him on the head during an argument at the dinner table. Travolta improvised, “Would you just watch the hair? You know, I work on my hair a long time, and you hit it! He hits my hair!”) In prepping for their roles, the Faces went to Times Square with the costume designer, Patrizia von Brandenstein (who would later win an Oscar for her art direction on Amadeus.) The wardrobe was bought off the rack, adding to the film’s authenticity. “We were buying all these polyester things, picking out all this costume jewelry. She had a great feel for it,” Pape says. Von Brandenstein found Travolta’s famous white suit at a boutique in Bay Ridge just under the El. “It was l977,” says Priestley. “You had to have bling—all the gold around your neck, the pointy shoes. You had to have the suit. It was called ‘the Hollywood Rise.’” Pape took inspiration from the crush of local Barbarino fans hanging around the shoot. “It wasn’t just that they were there to see Travolta,” he says. “If they could get within five feet of you, they wanted to be sure you were doing them right. They didn’t want Hollywood bullshit. These were the guys who went to the clubs on the weekends, who worked in the paint stores, who had the dead-end jobs. This was important to them. It wasn’t just about hanging around movie people. It was like, Yeah, you’re welcome to be here. But regardless of what you think, respect it. This is our life, this is our world. One of the guys said, ‘You can touch it, but don’t spit on it.’” The Verrazano-Narrows Bridge looms over Saturday Night Fever as a nearly mythical structure. Named after the l6th-century Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazano, the bridge is a source of ethnic pride for Italian-Americans. When it opened, on November 21, 1964, it was the longest suspension bridge in the world, connecting Brooklyn and Staten Island. An American achievement with an Italian name, it symbolizes the realization of unreachable dreams. Tony knows that bridge, and in one scene he lovingly describes its history, its dimensions, its grandeur. It’s where Tony’s entourage—full of alcohol and sheer animal energy—hang from the girders and dare one another to climb higher. The crew spent three harrowing nights filming on the Verrazano, and it was a nightmare, as the March weather veered from freezing on one occasion to nearly 90 degrees on another. The high winds posed additional threats to the camera crew and stuntmen. Doubling as Travolta’s stand-in and wearing Tony Manero’s shoes and pants, Priestley, the camera operator for the scene, took a handheld camera out on the bridge’s main beam and filmed himself with just a key grip holding his waist. “I was young. You couldn’t sense danger then. But you’re 600 feet off the water. I had my camera in my hand and we just did it. We wanted to show Hollywood we could make great films.” “They were talking about putting a guy wire on us,” Pape reminisces, “and I said, ‘No.’ I just jumped up on the cable to show them I could swing around. There was no safety net. I was [hundreds] of feet above the water. All that was improvised—it wasn’t planned. I just jumped up there and said, ‘Let’s do it, let’s get it done.’” The cast and crew thought that Paramount didn’t care about Saturday Night Fever. “They gave us an office on the lot the size of a broom closet,” Oakes says. “They didn’t believe in it. Only Stigwood knew it was going to be something big. It was just the studio’s ‘little disco movie’—that was the phrase that haunted me.” In fact, word was getting back to Michael Eisner , newly ensconced as Paramount’s head of production, that the movie was too vulgar. At previews in Cincinnati and Columbus, half the audience walked out because of the language and sex scenes. McCormick remembers being paged in Kennedy Airport: “I pick up the phone and it’s Eisner, who starts screaming at me because we’d only taken two ‘fuck’s out. It became one of those ridiculous arguing sessions, where they said, ‘Take out two “fuck”s and I’ll let you have one “spic.”’ Stigwood finally agreed to take two ‘fuck’s out of the movie, and that was it—he wouldn’t change.” They did leave in the term “blow job,” however, which, some believe, is the first time the phrase was uttered in a feature film. (Attempts to reach Eisner were unsuccessful.) It wasn’t just the language. Some of the suits at Paramount were made uncomfortable by the way Travolta was so lovingly photographed in one scene—preening in front of the mirror in his bikini briefs, his gold chain nestled in his chest hair—by the cinematographer Ralf D. Bode. “We got all kinds of hassle,” remembers Badham. “We were letting some man walk around in his underwear, showing his body off.” The image of lean, sexually vibrant Travolta was so homoerotic that the production designer, Charles Bailey, put up that Farrah Fawcett poster just to cool things off. There was another little problem that Paramount had to deal with before the film could ever be released. Hairspray would not be the first time John Travolta dressed in drag. Letting off steam at the end of the shoot, Travolta and members of the crew filmed a mock wedding at the disco—for laughs—with John dressed as the bride and one of the grips appearing as the groom. “They wanted to blow Paramount’s mind,” Bill Ward explains. But when the studio executives arrived, according to Tom Priestley, “they didn’t see the humor in it. They sent someone to take control of the film, and I’m sure they burned it.” Stigwood released the music before the film—his strategy not only worked, it changed the game. “He basically pioneered an entirely new way of doing business in the distribution of films, records, stage, and television,” Oakes believes. “I think his being from Australia had a lot to do with it—that sort of buccaneering adventurism, that entrepreneurship. I don’t think he would have been as successful if he’d been English.” Eisner was skiing in Vail two weeks before the movie opened, on December 7, l977. “I heard ‘Stayin’ Alive’ at the lift, at the bottom, and then we went up to the top, to the restaurant, and they were playing ‘Stayin’ Alive’ there, too, so I called up Barry Diller, head of Paramount, and I said, ‘Do we have a hit here?’ And then it opened,” Eisner recounted, and Travolta “was the biggest thing that ever happened.” When the film debuted, at Grauman’s Chinese Theatre, it was a phenomenon. In its first 11 days, it grossed more than $11 million—it would go on to gross $285 million, and the soundtrack became the best-selling movie soundtrack album of all time (until Whitney Houston’s The Bodyguard, in l992). Travolta, who thought they were just “doing a little art film in Brooklyn,” was stunned. Not only did it breathe new life into disco, it changed the way American youth looked: “Thousands of shaggy-haired, blue-jean-clad youngsters are suddenly putting on suits and vests, combing their hair and learning to dance with partners,” wrote Newsweek. The Abraham & Straus department store in Brooklyn even opened a “Night Fever” men’s-wear boutique. John Travolta look-alike contests were drawing lines two blocks long. Fans no less prominent than Jane Fonda and Chicago Tribune movie critic Gene Siskel—who saw Saturday Night Fever 20 times—bid on Travolta’s suit when it was auctioned at a charity benefit in 1979. Siskel outbid her at $2,000. (It’s now valued at $l00,000 and has ended up in the Smithsonian Institution.) Pape and Pescow went to see the film in a theater in Brooklyn. “It was my first time seeing it with the people that we made it about,” recalls Pape. “It was amazing. They were talking back to the screen, they were screaming and yelling, and as we came out of the theater, we were caught. But the crush was not mean—the crush was, ‘You nailed it! What part of Brooklyn are you from?’ It was a crush of affirmation.” The film was, finally, so authentic, Karen Lynn Gorney believes, that it was more of a documentary. “We improvised for two weeks, so that by the time it came to filming, Badham just shot what was happening. It wasn’t acting.” For the Bee Gees, once the music hit, life became insane. “Fever was No. 1 every week,” remembers Barry Gibb. “It wasn’t just like a hit album. It was No. 1 every single week for 25 weeks. It was just an amazing, crazy, extraordinary time. I remember not being able to answer the phone, and I remember people climbing over my walls. I was quite grateful when it stopped. It was too unreal. In the long run, your life is better if it’s not like that on a constant basis. Nice though it was.” When the reviews came out, Travolta noticed his manager, Bob LeMond, quietly weeping in the Palm Court of the Plaza Hotel. He was reading Pauline Kael’s review in the December 26, l977, New Yorker. To this day, Travolta treasures Kael’s words: “[He] acts like someone who loves to dance. And, more than that, he acts like someone who loves to act…. He expresses shades of emotion that aren’t set down in scripts, and he knows how to show us the decency and intelligence under Tony’s uncouthness … he isn’t just a good actor, he’s a generous-hearted actor.” The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences nominated Travolta for a best-actor Oscar, along with Richard Dreyfuss, Woody Allen, Richard Burton, and Marcello Mastroianni (Dreyfuss won, for The Goodbye Girl). But the Bee Gees were snubbed. Stigwood threatened legal action, and McCormick threw an “anti—Academy Awards party” at his house, in Los Angeles, in protest. The guest list included Marisa Berenson, Tony and Berry Perkins, Lily Tomlin, and the writer Christopher Isherwood—even Ava Gardner showed up. “It was the last blush of Saturday Night Fever” for McCormick. “It was over after that, for me.” The movie changed John Travolta’s life. What Brando and James Dean had been to the l950s, Travolta was to the l970s. Saturday Night Fever, believes Travolta, gave the decade its cultural identity. Pape felt that it was just Travolta’s fate: “Sometimes it’s time for you to have the brass ring. It’s like, in John’s life, it was meant to happen, and everybody just has to get out of the way.” When movie stardom hit for Travolta, there was no one else in his stratosphere. “I had the field to myself,” he recalls. “A few years later, Cruise would come along, and Tom Hanks, and Mel Gibson, but for a long time there was no one else out there. It was like Valentino-style popularity, an unimaginable pinnacle of fame. It’s not that I wanted competition. I just wanted company.” For Pape, the movie “was like getting strapped onto a rocket ship. I became almost a victim of my own success. All the stage training I’d had, all the stuff that I’d done, it was starting to work against me, because the only work I was being offered were similar kinds of things. The very thing that made us trapped us.” Pescow, who won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for best supporting actress for the film, later got rave reviews playing a waitress on television in the short-lived Angie. After that, she “spent years waiting for a film part to come through. And when it didn’t I realized I was turning my entire life into a waiting room. I wasn’t going to do that anymore.” Today, Pape is in demand doing voice-overs for television and film, and he’s C.E.O. of his own production company, Red Wall Productions. And Pescow’s return to acting was not an insignificant one. As if to forge a link between Tony Manero and Tony Soprano (could there possibly be a white suit hanging among the other skeletons in Soprano’s closet?), Pescow appeared in the controversial final episode of The Sopranos. By the end of the 90s, Joseph Cali had occasionally turned up on television, in shows such as Baywatch Hawaii and Melrose Place, but he now primarily sells high-end home-theater equipment for Cello Music & Film Systems, a company he founded six years ago. Gorney has appeared in dozens of independent films since Saturday Night Fever. She might well have ushered in the era of the tough heroine with the thick Brooklyn accent, embodied by actresses such as Marisa Tomei, Debi Mazar, and Lorraine Bracco. McCormick now says that working on Fever “was the most exciting time of my life. I couldn’t get up early enough, and I couldn’t wait to see the dailies every night. It went from a dark winter of John losing Diana to a glorious summer. And we didn’t know at the end how it was going to work out. All I prayed for was that it would be enough of a success that I’d get to work on another movie.” His prayers were answered. At Warner Bros., McCormick has overseen such films as Syriana, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, The Perfect Storm, Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood, Fight Club, and Blood Diamond. Stigwood’s comet also continued to burn—for a while. Fever was followed by Grease, which did even better at the box office. But inevitably, perhaps, Stigwood and the Bee Gees fell out. The band filed a $120 million lawsuit against him, which would later be settled out of court. RSO folded in l981. “I know I’d worked for a magician—an alchemist,” McCormick says, but after Saturday Night Fever “you could never get him interested in anything again. He really had no serious desire. He wanted to be safe. And all that money went offshore to Bermuda,” where Stigwood maintained a baronial estate for a number of years. Oakes says, “He removed himself from everyday life, almost like Howard Hughes. He was literally on his yacht, or in a suite somewhere. To get him to go out was a major achievement.” Travolta believes that “the big difference between me and Stigwood was, when something is that big, people feel in a way that they’d rather get out if they can’t replicate that incredible success. He pulled up his ladder, moved to Bermuda, decided to get out of the game.” For Travolta it was different. “It was never just about money. I’d wanted to be a film actor my entire life. For Stigwood, if it wasn’t the pinnacle every time, he wasn’t going to stay.” Travolta found himself in the wilderness, too, after the success of Grease. His third film for RSO, Moment by Moment, with Lily Tomlin, was a disappointment for everyone. (Critics nicknamed it Hour by Hour.) In 1983, Stigwood co-produced a sequel to Saturday Night Fever called Staying Alive, with its writer-director Sylvester Stallone. Although Norman Wexler co-wrote the screenplay, the movie was a disaster. “I called it Staying Awake—it was ego gone mad,” recalls Oakes. “It was shorter, five times more expensive, and not any good.” Oakes withdrew from Hollywood soon after. “That’s when I said, ‘I’m putting down my tools.’” After writing a film for Arnold Schwarzenegger (Raw Deal, in 1986), Wexler started turning down work. “I was fired by my agent,” he told friends gleefully, before returning to playwriting. His last play, in l996, was a comedy, Forgive Me, Forgive Me Not. He died three years later. Travolta’s career had a brief boost with two comedies, Look Who’s Talking and Look Who’s Talking Too, in l989 and 1990, but by 1994, when he came to the attention of an intense young filmmaker new in Hollywood, his asking price had plummeted to $150,000. Quentin Tarantino was a huge fan of Travolta’s, and he cast him in the role of Vincent Vega, a hit man who can dance, in Pulp Fiction. After Welcome Back, Kotter and Saturday Night Fever, it was the third time a character named Vincent would transform Travolta’s career. As for Nik Cohn, he admits that “in America I have always, and will always be, the guy that did Saturday Night Fever.” Twenty years after its release, he published an article in New York magazine explaining how he had come to create the character of Vincent, cobbling him together from all the Faces he’d seen while trawling through pop-culture venues in the U.K. and America. There was in fact no Tony Manero, except for the one made flesh by Wexler’s screenplay and Travolta’s performance. For Cohn, “the whole phenomenon was just Travolta, because his particular gift is sympathy. There’s something about those puppy-dog eyes and the wetness around the mouth. And the other ingredients—my character, the Bee Gees’ music, Wexler’s script—they all had their function. But it would not have been a touchstone, it wouldn’t have worked with anybody else—nobody else could have done it.” In the early 80s the disco craze ended with a thud, followed by a backlash, from which the Bee Gees have never quite recovered. Those embarrassing white suits and platform shoes went to the back of the closet, or have been sold on eBay, and the disco sound evolved into the four-on-four beat of club divas such as Madonna and hip-hop artists such as Wyclef Jean (who remade “Stayin’ Alive” as “We Trying to Stay Alive”). In 2005, a memorabilia company called Profiles in History put the 2001 Odyssey dance floor up for auction, but the attempt just ended up in a lawsuit. The nightclub continued to exist, for a while anyway, at 802 64th Street in Brooklyn, with a new name—Spectrum—ending its life as a gay, black dance club, where the disco craze first began. But the characters of Saturday Night Fever live on in the collective imagination. I remember a moment nearly 10 years after the film when the poet Allen Ginsberg asked the Clash’s Joe Strummer if he believed in reincarnation, and Strummer jumped the gun and said he’d like to come back as “Tony Manero, the guy from Saturday Night Fever—he had great fucking hair.” Bay Ridge calling! Bay Ridge calling! Share	i don't know
Mother Theresa was born in which country?	Mother Teresa - Biographical Mother Teresa The Nobel Peace Prize 1979 Mother Teresa Questions and Answers on Mother Teresa Mother Teresa was born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu in Skopje * , Macedonia, on August 26 ** , 1910. Her family was of Albanian descent. At the age of twelve, she felt strongly the call of God. She knew she had to be a missionary to spread the love of Christ. At the age of eighteen she left her parental home in Skopje and joined the Sisters of Loreto, an Irish community of nuns with missions in India. After a few months' training in Dublin she was sent to India, where on May 24, 1931, she took her initial vows as a nun. From 1931 to 1948 Mother Teresa taught at St. Mary's High School in Calcutta, but the suffering and poverty she glimpsed outside the convent walls made such a deep impression on her that in 1948 she received permission from her superiors to leave the convent school and devote herself to working among the poorest of the poor in the slums of Calcutta. Although she had no funds, she depended on Divine Providence, and started an open-air school for slum children. Soon she was joined by voluntary helpers, and financial support was also forthcoming. This made it possible for her to extend the scope of her work. On October 7, 1950, Mother Teresa received permission from the Holy See to start her own order, "The Missionaries of Charity", whose primary task was to love and care for those persons nobody was prepared to look after. In 1965 the Society became an International Religious Family by a decree of Pope Paul VI. Today the order comprises Active and Contemplative branches of Sisters and Brothers in many countries. In 1963 both the Contemplative branch of the Sisters and the Active branch of the Brothers was founded. In 1979 the Contemplative branch of the Brothers was added, and in 1984 the Priest branch was established. The Society of Missionaries has spread all over the world, including the former Soviet Union and Eastern European countries. They provide effective help to the poorest of the poor in a number of countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and they undertake relief work in the wake of natural catastrophes such as floods, epidemics, and famine, and for refugees. The order also has houses in North America, Europe and Australia, where they take care of the shut-ins, alcoholics, homeless, and AIDS sufferers. The Missionaries of Charity throughout the world are aided and assisted by Co-Workers who became an official International Association on March 29, 1969. By the 1990s there were over one million Co-Workers in more than 40 countries. Along with the Co-Workers, the lay Missionaries of Charity try to follow Mother Teresa's spirit and charism in their families. Mother Teresa's work has been recognised and acclaimed throughout the world and she has received a number of awards and distinctions, including the Pope John XXIII Peace Prize (1971) and the Nehru Prize for her promotion of international peace and understanding (1972). She also received the Balzan Prize (1979) and the Templeton and Magsaysay awards. From Nobel Lectures , Peace 1971-1980, Editor-in-Charge Tore Frängsmyr, Editor Irwin Abrams, World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 1997 This autobiography/biography was written at the time of the award and first published in the book series Les Prix Nobel . It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures . To cite this document, always state the source as shown above. * Former Uskup, a town in the Ottoman Empire. ** Mother Teresa's date of birth is disputed: "So unconcerned was she about accuracy in relation to the chronicling of her own life, and so disinclined actually to read anything written about her, that for many years and in a succession of books her birthdate was erroneously recorded as 27 August 1910. It even appeared in the Indian Loreto Entrance Book as her date of birth. In fact, as she confided to her friend, co-worker and American author, Eileen Egan, that was the date on which she was christened Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu. The date which marked the beginning of her Christian life was undoubtedly the more important to Mother Teresa, but she was none the less actually born in Skopje, Serbia, on the previous day." (Spink, Kathryn: Mother Teresa: A Complete Authorized Biography, HarperSanFrancisco, 1997. Mother Teresa died on September 5, 1997.	Macedonia
The 1918 pandemic was given what name?	Mother Teresa, horoscope for birth date 26 August 1910, born in Skopje, with Astrodatabank biography - Astro-Databank photo: Túrelio, license cc-by-sa-2.0 Biography Born in what is now Macedonia, a nun and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979. Through her service of universal love as a nun and missionary, she devoted her life to the poor and sick. She decided to be a nun on 25 September 1928 and took the name of Teresa on 24 May 1931. (She said her divine call to work among the poor had come in 1946 and she opened her first Calcutta slum school in 1949.) Petite and of short body structure, she was plagued with heart problems and received a pacemaker 1 December 1989. (She was treated in California for bacterial pneumonia and heart disease and was hospitalized again in November 1996. She suffered several heart failures and received surgery to unblock two coronary arteries.) In early 1997 she was replaced by sister Nirmala, 63, as head of the Missionaries of Charity, stepping down due to poor health. Mother Teresa died 5 September 1997 9:30 PM Calcutta. Upon her death many of her followers wanted her to be beatified and canonized before the required waiting period. Canonized by Pope Francis on 4 September 2016. chart Placidus Equal_H. Source Notes Marcello Borges quotes the photo-bio "Faith and Compassion, The Life and Works of Mother Teresa," in Portuguese by Raghu Rai and Navin Chawle, Element Books. Chawle is a civil servant in India and had close contact with the nun. On p.22, "Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu was born 26 August 1910 in Skopje. The date is often given as August 27, which is the date she was baptized." Astrolog quotes Astrol Auskunfsbogen for August 27, 1910, 2:25 PM MET. Helen Adams Garret gives August 26 (with 4:58 AM MET, no source) in the ISAR Emailleter Vol.41. As Yugoslovia was on the Julian calendar, the question remains of whether the date is OS or NS. Mother Teresa's date of birth is disputed: So unconcerned was she about accuracy in relation to the chronicling of her own life, and so disinclined actually to read anything written about her, that for many years and in a succession of books her birth date was erroneously recorded as 27 August 1910. It even appeared in the Indian Loreto Entrance Book as her date of birth. In fact, as she confided to her friend, co-worker and American author, Eileen Egan, that was the date on which she was christened Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu. The date which marked the beginning of her Christian life was undoubtedly the more important to Mother Teresa, but she was none the less actually born in Skopje, Serbia, on the previous day." (Spink, Kathryn: Mother Teresa: A Complete Authorized Biography, HarperSanFrancisco, 1997) Starkman rectified to 26 August 1910 NS 19.03.00 CET Asc 23Pis22' de Jabrun rectified to 26 August 1910, around 10:00. Asc.Sco 24° Categories Vocation : Religion : Ecclesiastics/ western (R.C. nun) Notable : Awards : Nobel prize (1979) Notable : Book Collection : Occult/ Misc. Collection	i don't know
What is the name of the dog that appears on His Masters Voice lables?	The History of Nipper and His Master's Voice The History of Nipper and His Master's Voice Nipper and His Master's Voice - What is the story? Nipper the dog was born in Bristol in Gloucester, England in 1884 and so named because of his tendency to nip the backs of visitors' legs. When his first master Mark Barraud died destitute in Bristol in 1887, Nipper was taken to Liverpool in Lancashire, England by Mark's younger brother Francis, a painter. In Liverpool Nipper discovered the Phonograph, a cylinder recording and playing machine and Francis Barraud "often noticed how puzzled he was to make out where the voice came from". This scene must have been indelibly printed in Barraud's brain, for it was three years after Nipper died that he committed it to canvas. Nipper died in September 1895, having returned from Liverpool to live with Mark Barraud's widow in Kingston-upon-Thames in Surrey, England. Though not a thoroughbred, Nipper had plenty of bull terrier in him; he never hesitated to take on another dog in a fight, loved chasing rats and had a fondness for the pheasants in Richmond Park! In 1898 Barraud completed the painting and registered it on 11 February 1899 as "Dog looking at and listening to a Phonograph". "Dog looking at and listening to a Phonograph" Click for enlargement (66,842 bytes) Barraud then decided to rename the painting "His Master's Voice" and tried to exhibit it at the Royal Academy, but was turned down. He had no more luck trying to offer it for reproduction in magazines. "No one would know what the dog was doing" was given as the reason! Next on Barraud's list was The Edison Bell Company, leading manufacturer of the cylinder phonograph, but again without success. "Dogs don't listen to phonographs," the company said. Barraud was given the advise to repaint the horn from black to gold, as this might better his opportunity for a sale. With this in mind, in the summer of 1899 he visited 31 Maiden Lane, home of the newly formed Gramophone Company, with a photograph of his painting and a request to borrow a brass horn. As Barraud later wrote in an article for The Strand magazine: "The manager, Mr Barry Owen asked me if the picture was for sale and if I could introduce a machine of their own make, a Gramophone, instead of the one in the picture. I replied that the picture was for sale and that I could make the alteration if they would let me have an instrument to paint from." Barraud painting "His Master's Voice" Click for enlargement (52,177 bytes) On 15 September 1899, The Gramophone Company sent Barraud a letter making him a formal offer for the picture, which he immediately accepted. He was paid £50 for the painting and a further £50 for the full copyright. The deal was finally confirmed on 4 October 1899 when a representative from The Gramophone Company saw the amended painting for the first time. "His Master's Voice" Click for enlargement (59,607 bytes) This painting made its first public appearance on The Gramophone Company's advertising literature in January 1900, and later on some novelty promotional items. However, "His Master's Voice" did not feature on the Company's British letter headings until 1907. The painting and title were finally registered as a trademark in 1910. It was also in 1900 that a seemingly innocuous request led to the eventual disappearance of "His Master's Voice" as a label trademark. Emile Berliner (1851 - 1928), U.S. inventor of the gramophone, born in Germany, asked Barry Owen to assign him the copyright of "His Master's Voice" for America. Owen agreed, as he did in 1904 to a similar request from Japan. Some eighty years later, when the arrival of the Compact Disc prompted record companies to start manufacturing centrally for the world, EMI paid the price of losing its rights in these two vital territories - and EMI Classics was created as a successor to "His Master's Voice". Meanwhile Francis Barraud spent much of the rest of his working life painting 24 replicas of his original, as commissioned by The Gramophone Company. Following his death in 1924 other artists carried on the tradition until the end of the decade. During its long active life, the "His Master's Voice" label has enjoyed a unique reputation with both the music business and the public. Over the years a healthy market has developed in collecting the vast array of items produced in its image. A Collectors' Guide, originally published in 1984, has been now updated for publication in 1997. A rare "His Master's Voice" labelled LP Click for enlargement (53,275 bytes) Though only used by EMI today as the marketing identity for HMV Shops in the UK and Europe, the "His Master's Voice" trademark is still instantly recognised and sits proudly and firmly in the Top 10 of "Famous Brands of the 20th Century". Nipper Facts: Did you know that..... the "His Master's Voice" painting is now displayed at EMI Music's Gloucester Place headquarters and when viewed in the right light, the original phonograph can still be seen underneath the second layer of paint. when asked if EMI could place a commemorative plaque on the wall of Nipper's house in Bristol, the owner's reply was "Yes, if you buy the house!" Nipper the dog was buried in Kingston upon Thames, in an area that is now the rear car park of Lloyds Bank in Clarence Street. As one enters the bank there is a plaque on the wall stating this. The British naval officer and antarctic explorer Captain Robert Falcon Scott (1868 - 1912) re-created the famous picture (62,277 bytes) during his exploration to the South Pole (1910 - 1912), capturing one of the huskies looking at the HMV gramophone presented to him by The Gramophone Company. there have been false rumours that the original painting had Nipper sitting on a coffin listening to a recording of his dead master's voice. in 1980 HMV Shops found a Nipper lookalike called Toby for in-store personal appearances but Toby didn't find friends everywhere and in 1984 he was banned from entering Crufts. by 1900, 5,000 printed copies of the painting had been produced and sold to dealers for 2s6d (12.5p) each. the first souvenirs featuring the Dog & Trumpet were a "handsome paperweight - an exact reproduction in bronze with onyx mount of our well-known picture His Master's Voice." (2s6d/12.5p) and "a handsome mahogany stand with fittings all nickelled, for cigars, cigarettes and match and well as a frosted crystal ash disc. The whole is surmounted with well finished group, representing the well-known subject His Master's Voice." (10s/50p). in 1900 the German Branch of The Gramophone Company produced a mutoscope film of a Nipper lookalike. The drum of this film remains in the EMI Music Archives. in 2006 it is said by Heather Readman, Surrey, B.C., Canada that it wasn't the painter who wanted to change the name of the painting to "His Master's Voice". It was in fact Heather Readman's great grandfather, William Graham, who was living in Scotland at the time the Gramophone was being marketed. He entered a contest to put a slogan to the picture and he came up with "His Master's Voice". He was to win a "prize" which Heather Readman can only assume was possibly a gramophone, and in order to claim his prize, he had to purchase a specific quantity of merchandise from RCA. He had no money, so he couldn't ever claim his prize, but the claim to fame in Heather Readman's family is that it was, in fact, Billy Graham, of the Kingdom of Fife, Scotland, who named the picture "His Master's Voice", which was later shortened to "HMV". My Sources / Mine kilder Sources: Use the Link Nipper and His Master's Voice to see the original Pages of September 29, 1998 from The City of Edinburgh Council - Museums & Galleries and the City Art Centre, which year after year has given shelter to a huge range of exhibitions. Additional updated with information from various booklets and books, the Internet, and various encyclopedias plus much information given to me by e-mail from different people. Kilder: Brug linket Nipper and His Master's Voice for at se de originale sider af 29. september 1998 fra The City of Edinburgh Council - Museums & Galleries og City Art Centre, som år efter år har huset en stor række udstillinger. Yderligere opdateret med information fra forskellige brochurer og bøger, internettet og forskellige leksikoner samt mange oplysninger givet til mig per e-mail fra forskellige folk.	Nipper
Who owned the black labrador that was killed on the evening of the Dam Busters raid?	Nipper memorabilia going for a hit song \| The Independent Lifestyle Nipper memorabilia going for a hit song The image of Nipper, the HMV dog, in front of a gramophone is familiar to several generations, and the canine music fan is very collectable, as John Windsor discovers Friday 31 July 1998 23:02 BST Click to follow Indy Lifestyle Online Roll over Lassie and Rin Tin Tin - Nipper is the world's most famous dog and his memorabilia is modestly bankable. A 4in high silver figure of Nipper listening intently to His Master's Voice, the HMV trademark, is estimated pounds 600-pounds 800 at Christie's South Kensington's auction of mechanical music next Thursday. In the same sale, a silver-plated cocktail shaker engraved with the "dog and gramophone" trademark is estimated pounds 200-pounds 300. Few collectors have seen a Nipper cocktail shaker before, so the price is expected to top the estimate. Both items are highly collectable "Nipperie" because they were commissioned by HMV for its own dealers, long-serving employees, retiring executives and VIPs. Modern retail souvenirs command less respect. The silver Nipper figure is probably one of only a few dozen given to musicians that HMV recorded. The cocktail shaker could be a unique presentation piece. You may not want to fill your living room with point-of-sale models of Nipper but, at street markets and boot sales, Nipperie that appears to have age is worth gambling a few pounds on. Nipper gramophone needle tins, retailed by the million, may be worth only pounds 3 to pounds 5 each, but company items such as an HMV Car Club badge have changed hands for pounds 500. Be prepared to be thoroughly confused if you want to tell the difference between genuine and pirate Nipperie. The latest edition of the official guide to Nipperie, by Leonard Petts and Ruth Edge, an archivist at EMI, one of three companies worldwide that own rights to the trademark, lists 1,985 items - horn gramophones, lubricating oil, mugs, ash trays, table lamps, wristwatches, shop signs, posters, pencils - and nearly 100 Nipper figures, in pottery, plastic, glass, metal, wood, fabric, polystyrene and rubber. There is even an inflatable Nipper. Among the most sought after Nipper figures are pre-war papier mache point-of-sale models ranging from 11ins to 36ins tall. They are well-modelled, have minimum colouring, tend to be cracked round the ears and have no base. Commercial reproductions generally have a base. HMV's 11in tall papier mache model of Nipper is now worth not less than pounds 400 among serious collectors. A 19.5in papier mache model, estimated pounds 150 to pounds 250 at Christie's South Kensington last October, fetched pounds 402. A 14.5in painted model made of a composition substance, which carried the same estimate, went for an astonishing pounds 920. The collectors in the room obviously judged it to be genuine. The factory-modified 17.5in model with an electrically-driven tail, probably unique, being put on the market by its owner, collector-dealer Howard Hope, could sell for over pounds 1,500, especially in the United States. There, collector-broker Herb Fayer, of Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania, recently paid an English dealer he had met on the Internet $200 (pounds 122) for an English figure of Nipper and sold it immediately for $600 (pounds 366). He reports that when the RCA gramophone factory in Camden, New Jersey, was sold and stripped five years ago, thousands of dollars worth of Nipperie was unwittingly chucked out. He paid an employee $600 for a boxful of Nipper tramcar advertisements that he had salvaged. "The man took his $600 and ran, saying, `My God, there's a dumpster full of this stuff outside the factory'. But he was too late. It had gone". Fayer is still trying to trace the company fireman said to have made off with 20 Nipper fire alarm boxes, worth $3,000 each. Even stuffed Nippers sold by the company for $7 in the Eighties are now changing hands for $50 to $100, he says. He found four 12in high flocked versions in a barn, paid $75 each for them and sold them for $500 each. Company-store twin packs of playing cards, once $1 over the counter, are now worth $100. It is not unusual for company Nipperie to appreciate five or tenfold in value as soon as stocks run out. "And if I offer collectors an item that they have never seen before," he says. "I can virtually name my own price." If you think that is barking mad, consider the current American obsession with Beanie Babies, bean-filled animal dolls 4-6ins tall. The first, made less than three years ago, are selling for $3,000-$4,000. Their maker, the TY company of Chicago, is adept at the limited-edition collectables business. Editions of Beanie Babies are "retired" in order to artificially create rarity. Fayer says: "Over the past year, the whole thing has gotten out of line. There's just too much money not needed for necessities. It's insane." By contrast, Nipperie collector Neil Maken says his firm Yesterday Once Again of Huntington Beach, California, has stopped making Nipper souvenirs under licence to Thomson Consumer Electronics, the French company that bought RCA-Victor's entertainment division, downsized, and shifted manufacture to Mexico. Thomson scrapped the gramophone and gave Nipper a chum, a pup called Chipper. Maken laments that retail demand has since declined and that small production runs are no longer profitable. But some of his profits come from holding back batches of souvenirs for collectors - and demand from them is still high. He has just sold one of his Nipper crystal paperweights, price $30 10 years ago, for $132. And a pewter Nipper and Chipper moneyclip, still in production and priced $7, has just sold in an Internet auction for $80. "I was flabbergasted," he says. None of this would make much sense to the original Nipper, a brown and white fox terrier born in Bristol in 1884 and so named because he nipped the backs of people's legs. Nipper's owner, the artist Francis Barraud, famously painted the dog listening, not to a horn gramophone, but to an Edison cylinder phonograph, hoping to sell the painting to the Edison Bell company. But James Hough, founder of the company, and a Yorkshireman, said: "Dogs don't listen to phonographs." Barraud painted out the phonograph, painted in the brass horn, and sold the painting for pounds 50, plus pounds 50 for the copyright, to the Gramophone Company of Covent Garden, which adopted the name His Master's Voice. There is a plaque to Nipper in Lloyds Bank on the site in Kingston-upon- Thames where he is thought to have been buried under a mulberry tree. An attempt at exhumation yielded only a few lamb chops. A real-life Nipper - his spitting image - owned by David and Mary Leigh of Warrington, Lancashire, officiates at about 20 EMI events a year, mostly the opening of new stores. He is about 11 years old and EMI will be appealing for a replacement later this year. In one form or another, Nipper seems set to last for ever. "The Collectors' Guide to His Master's Voice Nipper Souvenirs" is pounds 20 plus pounds 5.50 p&p from EMI Archives, Central Research Laboratories, Dawley Road, Hayes, Middlesex UB3 1HH (0181-848 2000), a range of inexpensive new Nipper souvenirs is available from the same address; Howard Hope Phonographs and Gramophones, 21 Bridge Road, East Molesey, Surrey (0181- 398 7130); Herb Fayer (001-610 667 8400); Neil Maken (001-714 963 2474) More about:	i don't know
Blondi was a German Shepherd that belonged to whom?	Blondi ( - 1945) - Find A Grave Memorial Death: Apr. 29, 1945 Blondi was a female Alsatian (German Shepherd) that belonged to Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler during most of his life as German Chancellor (1933-1945). As the Soviet Army closed in on Hitler's bunker in Berlin, Hitler and some of his staff planned suicide by cyanide poisoning. However, Hitler was mistrustful of the poison capsules that had been supplied by SS Chief Himmler (whom he now saw as a traitor), so he ordered his personal doctor Werner Hasse to try one of the capsules out on Blondi. Blondi was initially buried in a shell crater outside the emergency exit to Hitler's bunker, and this same burial site was later used to inter the cremated remains of Hitler and Eva Braun. On April 30, 1945, on Hitler's orders, Blondi, Hitler and Eva Braun were cremated with diesel fuel in the Reich Chancellery garden above his bunker. The charred corpses were later discovered by the Russians. These remains were allegedly shipped to Moscow for tests that confirmed their identity although some accounts have them being autopsied in a pathology clinic in Buch, a suburb of Berlin. After the autopsies, Hitler, his wife, Eva Braun and his propaganda leader, Joseph Goebbels were allegedly buried in a series of locations including Buch, Finow and Rathenau (all in East Germany). In February of 1946, the remains were again moved to a Soviet Smersh facility in Magdeburg (Nos. 32 and 36). These remains were removed one final time in 1982 (some account say it was as early as 1970) by the request of Yuri Andropov, Secretary General of the USSR, 1982-84. Andropov, former KGB chief, fearing that Neo-Nazi's may discover the location, had the graves opened. All remains (still in a state of decomposition) were ground-up and put into a nearby Danube River tributary. All of these details are in dispute and there are many conflicting 'facts' stated in a variety of sources.	Adolf Hitler
What is the name of the cat in the Homeward Bound movies?	1000+ images about Hitler e Blondi on Pinterest \| Wolf's lair, Animales and Public Forward Hitler and Blondi at the Berghof. Well-trained and affectionate, Blondi was loyal as only a dog can be. It is so sad that such a sweet-natured animal was attached to such a monster. Hitler poisoned her just before he committed suicide in Berlin in 1945. See More	i don't know
What is the name of the only book written by Anna Sewell?	Black Beauty (Scholastic Classics): Anna Sewell: 9780439228909: Amazon.com: Books Black Beauty (Scholastic Classics) Customers Who Bought This Item Also Bought Page 1 of 1 Start over Page 1 of 1 This shopping feature will continue to load items. In order to navigate out of this carousel please use your heading shortcut key to navigate to the next or previous heading. Next Special Offers and Product Promotions Editorial Reviews Amazon.com Review "A horse is a horse of course unless of course the horse is Black Beauty. Animal-loving children have been devoted to Black Beauty throughout this century, and no doubt will continue through the next. Although Anna Sewell's classic paints a clear picture of turn-of-the-century London, its message is universal and timeless: animals will serve humans well if they are treated with consideration and kindness. Black Beauty tells the story of the horse's own long and varied life, from a well-born colt in a pleasant meadow to an elegant carriage horse for a gentleman to a painfully overworked cab horse. Throughout, Sewell rails--in a gentle, 19th-century way--against animal maltreatment. Young readers will follow Black Beauty's fortunes, good and bad, with gentle masters as well as cruel. Children can easily make the leap from horse-human relationships to human-human relationships, and begin to understand how their own consideration of others may be a benefit to all. (Ages 9 to 12)" --This text refers to the Paperback edition. Read more From School Library Journal Grade 4-6–While better written than most abridged versions, these adaptations sacrifice character and theme development through simplified retellings of the basic plots or action. In Black Beauty, Church has reduced the original 49 chapters to 21 by combining the sequence and action into simpler accounts. Sasaki has reworked six of the Sherlock Holmes stories to maintain the mystery and solution minus Holmes's roundabout explanations of deduction. The books include lists of questions for discussion. The generously spaced, large-type format, interspersed with occasional black-and-white drawings, may serve as an introduction or starter as the series intends. However, waiting for the right read-aloud setting combined with discussion of the original is the best way to include the classics in any child's literary experience.–Rita Soltan, Youth Services Consultant, West Bloomfield, MI Copyright © Reed Business Information, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. --This text refers to the Paperback edition. Don't have a Kindle? Get your Kindle here , or download a FREE Kindle Reading App . New York Times best sellers Browse the New York Times best sellers in popular categories like Fiction, Nonfiction, Picture Books and more. See more Product Details Age Range: 9 and up Grade Level: 4 and up Series: Scholastic Classics Mass Market Paperback: 272 pages Publisher: Scholastic Paperbacks (March 1, 2003) Language: English Product Dimensions: 6.8 x 4.1 x 0.8 inches Shipping Weight: 14.4 ounces Write a customer review Top Customer Reviews By William MacLeod (King of the Rodeo Ropers and Western artist) on March 22, 2016 Format: Paperback Verified Purchase This book was really OK, but, it looked like his white sock foot was on the back hind left, but I originally liked Black Beauty's white sock foot on the back hind left, so that's why I like this one. So, I decided that this book was the right sort for me because I mostly liked the 1994 version with Sean Bean so, this book goes great with the Black Beauty 1994 film version starring Sean Bean as the real true done deal, because of Joe Green, I think it's better for Joe to wear brown cowboy boots instead of tall black leather English field riding boots, because of being a real rodeo cowboy, not an English horseback rider, so, that's the perfect choice of the Black Beauty 1994 film version starring Sean Bean as the real true done deal, so you or any other equestrian horseback rider or English horseback rider or Western horseback rider or rodeo rider better take my advice and make this the real true done deal, got it? The only thing I just wish is that there were pictures of Joe Green in this book, because he is the apprentice groom at Birtwick Hall, with whom Black Beauty is reunited at the end of the novel, but I still like all the illustrations by Charlotte Hough because this book still goes great with the ... Read more ›	Black Beauty
What is the name of Susan Boyle's cat?	Black Beauty \| Anna Sewell \| Lit2Go ETC Black Beauty by Anna Sewell Black Beauty is a novel told in the first person (or "first horse") as an autobiographical memoir told by a highbred horse named Black Beauty-beginning with his carefree days as a colt on an English farm, to his difficult life pulling cabs in London, to his happy retirement in the country. Source: Sewell, A. (1870) Black Beauty New York: F.M. Lupton Publishing Co. After a long and fruitful life, Black Beauty meets his final masters, and proceeds to spend the rest of his days in comfort. Year Published: 1870	i don't know
What is the name of Tintin's wire haired terrier?	Westminster Dog Show Winner: Why Wire Fox Terriers Are the Best \| TIME.com Follow @TIMENewsfeed For a long time, it seemed like the Internet really only had room in its heart for cats. Eventually, the web came around to dogs too, which was great. But let’s face it: when it comes to canines, the Internet is pretty breedist. All anybody ever talks about are corgis, pugs, French Bulldogs and, most recently, shiba inus — for good reason, of course, because all of those dogs are adorable and generally awesome. But here at NewsFeed, we decided it was time to stand up for another breed, one that has played a significant role in American popular culture but for some reason has been excluded from modern web culture. (DISCLOSURE: My family dog is a wire fox terrier named Stanley, and he is ADORABLE .) Here are seven reasons why it’s time for the sprightly, silly, adorable wire fox terrier to become the world’s next great canine craze. 1. A wire fox terrier just won Best in Show at Westminster Timothy A. Clary / AFP / Getty Images Five-year-old Sky took home the top prize at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. If the WFT is good enough for the world’s most elite judges of canine quality, then it is good enough for you too. (Note: the non-show dog, civilian variety of fox terriers aren’t usually groomed like that. They are much cuter.) 2. They’re Hollywood stars with major retro appeal In the 1930s, just about everybody wanted a pet WFT, thanks to the very talented actor who played Asta in the popular 1930s Thin Man films. They became even more fashionable thanks to Snowy, the valiant wire fox terrier featured in the comic The Adventures of Tintin. Obviously anything vintage is cool nowadays, so let’s all don our best cloche hats and fur muffs and hang out with wire fox terriers. Really though, check out this retro appeal: H. Armstrong Roberts / Retrofile / Getty Images 3. They get along with everybody Wire fox terriers just want to have a good time, and they are not at all breedist. They’ll play with anybody! For example, Cocker Spaniels: Getty Images 4. Wes Anderson likes them In his film Moonrise Kingdom, Anderson cast none other than a wire fox terrier to play the role of loyal camp dog Snoopy . That movie came out nearly two years ago. It’s time for the rest of the world to catch up. And plus, if Wes Anderson deems something cool, the Internet pretty much always agrees. 5. They look great in hats No like, really great. They are awesome for playing dress-up in general. Getty Images 6. Because of this guy: Getty Images If that doesn’t define “winner,” then we have no idea what in the world does. 7. Oh, did we mention they’re really cute? Getty Images Look at that face. Are you going to tell that face it can’t be an Internet star? Samantha is a reporter for TIME.com and a graduate of Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism. Subscribe Popular Among Subscribers	Snowy
What is the name of the lion in the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer logo?	Fox Terrier (Wire) Fox Terrier (Wire) Fox Terrier in the snow Alternative names Common nickname Foxie Country of origin England Classification and breed standards FCI: Group 3 Section 1 #169 Terrier The Wire Fox Terrier is a breed of dog , one of many terrier breeds. It is an instantly recognizable fox terrier breed. Although it bears a resemblance to the Smooth Fox Terrier , they are believed to have been developed separately. Appearance This is a sturdy, balanced dog weighing up to 21 pounds. Its rough, broken coat is distinctive. The coat colour is predominantly white; brindle or liver markings are a disqualification. History Fox Terrier as family dog The Wire-Haired Fox Terrier was developed in England by fox hunting enthusiasts and is believed descended from a now-extinct rough-coated, black-and-tan working terrier of Wales, Derbyshire, and Durham. The Wire-Haired Fox Terrier was not popular as a family pet until the 1930s, when The Thin Man series of feature films was created. Asta, the canine member of the Charles family, was a Wire-Haired Fox Terrier, and the popularity of the breed soared. Milou (Snowy) from the Tintin comic strip is also a Fox Terrier. In the late 20th century, the popularity of the breed declined again, most likely due to changing living conditions in the Western world and the difficulty of keeping hunting terriers in cities due to their strong instincts. Among the less desirable traits of all fox terriers are their energy, digging, stalking, and chasing of other animals and yelping bark. This notwithstanding, the Wire Fox Terrier has the distinction of having received more Best in Show titles at major dog shows than any other breed.	i don't know
What is the name of the baboon/witch doctor from The Lion King?	Rafiki \| The Lion King Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia ” Rafiki presents Simba to the animals Rafiki first appears at the presentation of Simba. All the gathered animals make way for him, and some even bow with respect, while he returns the salute with a smile. Greeting one another on top of Pride Rock, Mufasa and Rafiki embrace as close friends. They then come to Sarabi , who shows her newborn child, Simba, to Rafiki. Rafiki smiles at him and starts to perform a ceremony over the future king. First, he lifts his stick above Simba's head, and Simba tries to catch it with his little paws. Then Rafiki breaks a piece of fruit in two parts and smears its juice on Simba's forehead. He then sprinkle a small amount of dust on his head and takes the little prince in his arms, carrying him to the edge of Pride Rock, where he raises him so all the animals can see him. When the ceremony ends, Rafiki returns home to his tree . There, as it rains, Rafiki drafts a stylized picture of Simba on his tree, chuckling to himself and murmuring the cub's name, "Simba." Rafiki realizes Simba is alive A few months later, Scar brings news that Mufasa and Simba were killed in a stampede of wildebeests . Rafiki also hears the news and comes close enough to Pride Rock to see Scar take the throne and let the hyenas, mortal enemies of the lions, come to Pride Rock. Rafiki sighs sadly, mourning Mufasa, Simba, and the old kingdom. He soon returns to his tree and runs his hand over his drawing of Simba, blotting him out of the Circle of Life . Years into Scar's reign, Rafiki sits on the crown of his tree and grabs a pile of leaves, dirt, grass, and flower petals that's floating on the breeze. He takes the mixture into an empty turtle shell and investigates it until he realizes that it contains traces of Simba, who is supposed to have been dead for several years. At first, Rafiki is confused by this new knowledge, but he soon runs to his smeared drawing and, realizing that Simba is now a young adult lion, draws him with a thick red mane. Getting ready to help Simba to take his place in the Circle of Life, Rafiki exclaims, "It is time!" "It means you are a baboon, and I'm not!" After a few days of travel, Rafiki finds a young adult Simba in the jungle . Simba does not remember Rafiki, as he had been too young when he last saw the baboon. That evening, Simba, in a bad mood, makes a face at Rafiki as the baboon tries to attract his attention by singing a song. Simba moves away from him, but Rafiki constantly monitors him, and Simba asks him if he can cut out his song. Rafiki replies, "Can't cut it out. It'll grow right back!" An offended Simba again moves away from Rafiki, calling him a "creepy little monkey," but Rafiki again follows him. Simba asks Rafiki to stop following him and then demands to know who he is. Rafiki asks Simba who he is, and Simba admits that he himself is no longer so sure. Rafiki says that he knows who Simba is but that it's a secret. When Simba comes near him, Rafiki chants his song in the young lion's ear. Simba snarls and asks him what it even means. Rafiki explains that the song is about Simba being a baboon while Rafiki is not. Simba says that Rafiki is a little confused, but Rafiki again appears before him and tells Simba that he is more confused, as he does not even know who he is. Simba counters sarcastically, "Oh, and I suppose you know," and Rafiki says, "Sure do. You're Mufasa's boy." Rafiki shows Simba the way to see his father Simba is surprised by this revelation, but Rafiki calmly says, "Bye," and leaves. He climbs on a rock and meditates on it. Shortly after this, Simba comes and asks Rafiki if he once knew his father. Rafiki corrects him, saying that he still knows Mufasa. Thinking that Rafiki doesn't know about Mufasa's death, Simba tells him that the king is dead. Rafiki tells Simba that he is wrong again and says that Mufasa is still alive. He shows Simba the entrance to a patch of jungle and tells him that he will show Mufasa to him. Simba follows Rafiki through the dense vegetation until Rafiki stops him. The old baboon makes a passage in the grass for Simba and tells him to look down the slope. Simba does so and sees a small lake. Simba looks at the lake, expecting to see his father, as Rafiki had said, but is disappointed when he sees that there is only his reflection. Simba says, "That's not my father. It's just my reflection," but Rafiki tells him that he needs to look harder. Simba looks at his reflection a little deeper, and it turns into an image of Mufasa. Simba is shocked, but Rafiki explains that this has happened because Mufasa actually "lives in Simba." Mufasa's ghost presently appears in the sky, and Rafiki steps aside to let his old friend talk to his son and convince him to return to Pride Rock and take his place as king. After the ghost leaves Simba, Rafiki comes to him and makes a comment about the strange weather, to which Simba replies, "Yeah. Looks like the winds are changing." Rafiki says that the change is good, but Simba expresses worry over facing his past. Rafiki suddenly hits the lion on the Rafiki fights against the hyenas head with his stick. Simba asks what that was for, and Rafiki says that it doesn't matter, for it is in the past now. When Simba says that the hit still hurts, Rafiki says that the past often can hurt, but one can either run from it or learn from it. He tries to hit Simba one more time, but Simba now knows what he should do and steps away at the right time. Rafiki is satisfied that Simba has learned a lesson and asks him what he will do next. Simba says, "First, I'm gonna take your stick," and takes Rafiki's stick with his teeth, throwing it into the grass. Rafiki comes to take the stick back, but when again he turns to Simba, he sees that the young lion has started running off. Rafiki asks him where he is going, and Simba says that he is going back home. Rafiki is happy to be able to see Simba take the right step and cheerfully shouts, "Good! Go on! Get out of here!" He then laughs again and cheers as Simba disappears into the savanna grass. The next morning, Rafiki decides to inform Simba's friends that Simba has gone back to the Pride Lands. He sees Timon and Pumbaa as well as Nala talking about where Simba is. Rafiki appears in the tree above them and says that they won't find Simba in the jungle, explaining that "the king has returned." Nala is the only one of the three to understand this comment, and Timon tries to ask Rafiki what he means, but the old baboon is gone and on his way back to Pride Rock. Rafiki presents Simba's cub When Rafiki arrives at Pride Rock, he sees that the Pride Landers and Simba are fighting with Scar and his subjects, the hyenas. When one hyena bites Simba on his neck, Rafiki hits it unconscious with his stick. Simba runs to find Scar, and Rafiki takes over the hyena-fighting. They try to attack him, but he shows surprising skills and overpowers them. After Simba defeats Scar, he comes to the entrance of Pride Rock, where Rafiki shows him that now he needs to climb up to the edge of the rock and roar, formalizing his royal title. Simba comes to him and embraces his new friend. Rafiki pats Simba's back and reminds him, "It is time." He then watches as Simba climbs the rock and becomes king. Rafiki is last time seen during the presentation of Simba and Nala's newborn cub . He brings the young lion to the edge of Pride Rock and raises the cub so that all the animals can see their future monarch. ” Rafiki after Kiara's presentation In the sequel, Rafiki makes his first appearance during the song " He Lives in You ." While the other animals come around Pride Rock to see the presentation of Simba and Nala's cub, Kiara , Rafiki is at the edge of the rock, summoning the animals to the ceremony. When all the animals gather under the rock, Rafiki waits until Simba and Nala appear with an infant Kiara. He then raises the princess so that all the animals can see her. Mufasa's spirit comes to see his granddaughter, and Rafiki welcomes the spirit's wind onto his face. After the presentation, Rafiki smears juice onto Kiara's forehead. He then overhears Timon and Pumbaa calling Kiara a boy, so he snickers and corrects them, making Timon and Pumbaa faint. "Kovu...Kiara...together? This is the plan?" Once Kiara enters cubhood, Rafiki draws her picture next to that of Kovu's, Scar's heir, who was banished to the Outlands with Scar's other subjects. The baboon then talks with Mufasa's ghost and shows his concern about the comparative maturity of these two lions. Mufasa's spirit implies that he has a plan and makes wind bring down a piece of fruit, breaking it. Rafiki raises the halves in front of the pictures of Kovu and Kiara, and, re-assembling them, realizes that Mufasa plans to make Kovu and Kiara fall in love. Rafiki does not agree with the plan and considers it impracticable, but Mufasa is persistent and recreates the wind. Rafiki decides to believe in the old king and resolves to help him execute the plan. As the spirit ascends back into the sky, Rafiki yells, "I just hope you know what you are doing!" Rafiki, satisfied after Kovu and Kiara fall in love During Kiara's first hunt , Kovu follows his mother's orders and saves Kiara from the fire in order to infiltrate the Pride Lands. Simba roars at him and tries to scare him away, not knowing what Kovu has done for Kiara. Rafiki soon appears and comically yells to Kovu, "How dare you save the king's daughter?" Hearing Rafiki's words, Simba realizes that he is now indebted to Kovu and begrudgingly receives the young lion into his pride. The following day, Kovu and Kiara spend the day together and start to fall in love. In the evening, while the two young lions are together on the savanna, Rafiki finds them and hides in the grass, stopping Kovu from leaving Kiara by pointing his finger at the lion's nose from the grass. He asks Kovu where he is going, to which Kovu says, "Nowhere." Rafiki then jumps from the grass and taunts him, saying, "That's what you think." Kovu asks Kiara who Rafiki is, and she describes him as a friend of their family. Kovu looks back and finds Rafiki lying on his back. Rafiki slips off and darts away, tugging Kovu's tail and laughing. Rafiki after Kovu's exile He then climbs onto a rock and again tells the two to follow him. Swinging from tree to tree and laughing eerily, Rafiki leads them to a place where he sings the song " Upendi " about an imaginative romantic location. In Rafiki's fantasy, he leads Kovu and Kiara through the river, where they see many pairs of mates. In this way, Rafiki plays the role of matchmaker between the two young lions and successfully brings them to fall in love with each other, even though they do not admit their feelings to each other at first. Rafiki with the Royal Family The next morning, Kovu and Simba accidentally fall into an ambush , but they manage to escape. However, Simba thinks that Kovu organized the assassination and expels him from the Pride Lands. Rafiki is seen at the end of the exile , watching sadly as Kovu runs away. He sighs sadly, feeling that Mufasa's plan has failed. After the final battle , Simba and Kovu reconcile. Rafiki marries Kovu and Kiara, and Simba and his family roar at the top of Pride Rock, prompting Mufasa's ghost to appear in the sky. Rafiki nods to him, acknowledging the king's wisdom. ” "To find it, you must look beyond what you see." In this film, Rafiki first appears after Timon decides to leave his colony and find "a new dream home." That night, Timon starts to cry because he himself has no idea where he should go. As he does so, Rafiki appears, looking down from his tree. From an upside-down position, he informs Timon that which way he goes should depend upon what he is looking for. Spooked, Timon falls to the ground. He then asks Rafiki where he'd come from, to which Rafiki replies, "Oh, the better question is: where are you going?" Timon explains to him that he wants to live outside the colony in a wonderful place without worries. He asks Rafiki if he'd heard his song, " That's All I Need ," which expresses his need for that place, but Rafiki hadn't heard it. Rafiki then jumps from the tree and says that Timon is actually looking for " Hakuna Matata ." Timon mistakes the phrase for "harpoon of tomato," but Rafiki explains that it means "no worries." Timon asks Rafiki to draw a map to Hakuna Matata, but Rafiki smacks him over the head with the stick. He goes into his mystic-monkey pose and vaguely says that Timon must "look behind what he sees" to find a life without worries. Timon doesn't understand again, but Rafiki just repeats his advice. Timon wrongly understands it to mean "go to the farthest thing you see" and decides to go to Pride Rock. He wants to ask Rafiki if he is right, but the old baboon is gone. Ma threatens Rafiki When he disappears, Rafiki most likely goes to Pride Rock for the presentation of Simba. When Timon meets Pumbaa and they come to Pride Rock looking for a new home, they see Rafiki at the edge of the rock, holding up an infant Simba, but the baboon does not see them. After Mufasa dies, Rafiki decides to see Timon's colony and tell his mother that he'd helped her son find what he's looking for. However, when Ma hears what Rafiki had told her son, she hits him in the head with his own stick, catches him by the goatee, and yells, "You used a metaphor on Timon? He takes things literally!" She then decides to go and find her son, who is probably in trouble. Rafiki reminds her, "Remember, the journey of a thousand miles begins with the first step," and she replies with, "Thanks. Here's my first step," jumping painfully onto his foot. Much later, after Nala and Pumbaa decide to leave the jungle in order to help Simba, Timon stays behind. Come nightfall, Rafiki appears in front of him, but Timon says, "You. No, no, no. Don't say a word. I know what you're gonna say." He then acts like he is Rafiki and asks, "Did you find Hakuna Matata?" Then he is himself again and, with forced happiness and a gracious air, says, "Well, yes, I did! Thank you very much! And I am happy...happy, happy, deliriously happy." He imitates Rafiki again and says, Timon imitates Rafiki "Ho, ho, haaah! I see. Happy, is it? So, if you're so happy, why do you look so miserable?" Timon switches back to himself. Rafiki stares sardonically at the camera, listening to Timon's messing around. Timon continues as himself, "Miserable, you say? Why should I be miserable? Oh, I don't know. Maybe my two best pals in the world deserted me. Heh. They've...they've headed off on some heroic mission. My friends..." Timon then realizes that he cannot have Hakuna Matata without friends. Rafiki nods slowly, smiling. Timon indicates with his head, saying, "Would you mind?" Rafiki then smacks him with his stick. Leaving the jungle to find his friends, Timon says, "Thanks! I'm glad we had this talk." Ascribing the credit for Timon's correct decision to himself, Rafiki says, "My work here is done." When the movie ends, a silhouette of Rafiki appears in the theater where Timon and Pumbaa are sitting while Timon's mother rewinds the movie. Rafiki laughs and says, "Any story worth telling is worth telling twice."	List of characters in The Lion King
Who was often heard to say "Stupid boy" in the series Dads Army?	Lion King Characters — My Lion King Simba Meaning: lion (Swahili) Simba, the prince of the Pride Lands and son of King Mufasa and Queen Sarabi, grows into a fairly wild and carefree adult after living a rambunctious and arrogant cubhood. All of that changes when he meets Rafiki. Simba begins to realize his responsibilities and returns home to challenge his evil uncle Scar for the kingship of the Pride Lands. Nala Meaning: gift (Swahili) Nala, daughter of Sarafina and mate of Simba, was just as wild of a cub as Simba was. She would often accompany him on many adventures. When Simba is exiled, Nala grows up thinking that he is dead. When the two meet, they find out that their cubhood bonds turn into something more. They fall in love and together they retake the Pride Lands. Mufasa Mufasa is the king of the Pride Lands, brother of Scar, mate of Sarabi and father of Simba. He is portrayed as a very proud, majestic and knowledgeable king. Although his time in the film is short, he teaches Simba important lessons and prepares his son for being king some day. Sarabi Meaning: mirage (Swahili) Sarabi is the loving mother of Simba and mate of Mufasa. After Mufasa's death, she plays the role of a headstrong individual and stands her ground against the tyranny of Scar. Kiara Meaning: small, dark thing (Swahili) Kiara just wants to go on adventures, but her over-protective father, Simba, won't let her! When she grows up to be a headstrong adolescent and meets Kovu, she begins to challenge her father and ultimately unites the Pridelanders and the Outlanders. Kovu Meaning: scar (Swahili) Kovu, raised in a hostile environment by his hateful mother, Zira, grows up to be a vicious warrior. When he meets Kiara as an adolescent, his entire view on the Pride Lands changes and in the end he chooses Kiara over his mother's plans for him. Simba Meaning: lion (Swahili) The over-protective Simba tries to shield his daughter from the world, especially the Outlands! In the end, his daughter points out his mistakes and ends the feud between the Pridelanders and the Outlanders. Nala Meaning: gift (Swahili) Nala doesn't play much of a role in The Lion King II: Simba's Pride, but when we do get the chance to see her, she is a caring, loving mother of Kiara and respectable mate of Simba. Zira Meaning: hate (Swahili) Zira, who had an unexplained relationship with Scar, will stop at nothing to get revenge on Simba and the Pridelanders. She trains Kovu to take over the Pride Lands, but in the end Kovu sides with Kiara, his love. Timon Meaning: respect (Swahili) Timon is causing troubles in his meerkat burrow. He leaves his home and finds Pumbaa, then they find a lion named Simba. The three live with no worries as Simba grows into an adolescent. Pumbaa Meaning: dull-witted, stunned (Swahili) Pumbaa is good spirited and a great friend of Timon & Simba. Before meeting Timon, he traveled alone because the other animals couldn't stand his flatulent tendencies. Simba Meaning: lion (Swahili) Simba as a teen is rambunctious and independent. As Simba grows into an adult lion, he begins to question Hakuna Matata. When he finds his true self, he returns to the Pride Lands and challenges his uncle Scar. Nala Meaning: gift (Swahili) Nala helps Simba find his true self. When they meet, they realize their friendship quickly turns to love.	i don't know
What was the name of the character often used in the pictures in Roy Walker's programme "Catchphrase"?	Catchphrase TV Programme product reviews and price comparison Disadvantages Good Old fashion fun and frolicks Catchphrase used to be a popular staple of ITV's weekend and evening television schedule. Presented by the effervescent Roy Walker, it was funny, something you could play along with at home and enjoy fully. It's the kind of thing that would still be great fun now after You've been framed on a Saturday night. The basic premise of the show was that on a big screen a big pixelated character 'Mr Chips' would do something and reinact some kind of catchphrase which contestants had to guess for money, so you'd have things like a miner and a head and have to guess from this that the phrase was Minehead (Ok apologies not the best example but first I could think of). The contestants played on their buzzers and eventually went through to a final round to win exceptional prizes at the time (well a holiday). The show gradually declined after Walker left as we had lesser hosts in Mark Curry and then Nick Weir. It has come back slightly with Walkers regular appearances on Chris Moyles breakfast show. There was also an infamous incident where the action portrayed by Mr Chips was considered gratuitously sexual forcing Roy Walker and the contestants to collapse in fits of laughter. It has to be said nowadays a campaign would be raised to have such actions banned from the tv, but back then it was good fun for all the family which occasionally bordered on the smutty. Roy Walker was an awesome host, a talented comedian with personality to burn, he was a master of the one liner and seemed to absolutely enjoy his job but also made the audience aware that the show was a cheap piece of fun and nothing spectacular. Sometimes I yearn for programmes like this that don't expect the audience to text in and part with 50p or have to salute some sob story for someone or other whose whole life is wanting to be on television, this centred on your average Joe or Jolene wanting to win a camping holiday in Ardennes by guessing ridiculously pixellated catchphrases. Gosh it was all so simple back then!!! You can play the game interactively on the ITV website which is still good fun and holds a charm, the thing I liked about the show was Roy Walker's humour and the fact he would break down in laughter at the ridiculous nature of some of the catchphrases, the show was funny, charming and great fun and I do still miss the show.	Goodbye, Mr. Chips
Which television character is well known for his catchphrase "D'oh"?	Flash back: Roy's guessing game, then goodbye Mr Chips; Catchphrase (ITV1986-2002). - Free Online Library Flash back: Roy's guessing game, then goodbye Mr Chips; Catchphrase (ITV1986-2002). Page URL: HTML link: <a href="https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Flash+back%3a+Roy%27s+guessing+game%2c+then+goodbye+Mr+Chips%3b+Catchphrase...-a0162728177</a> Citations: APA style: Flash back: Roy's guessing game, then goodbye Mr Chips; Catchphrase (ITV1986-2002).. (n.d.) >The Free Library. (2014). Retrieved Jan 19 2017 from https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Flash+back%3a+Roy%27s+guessing+game%2c+then+goodbye+Mr+Chips%3b+Catchphrase...-a0162728177 Byline: Jade Wright AH Catchphrase-the high-tech quiz of the future, with its computer graphics and virtual robot, Mr Chips. In the days before computer animation took off, Catchphrase was cutting edge - the first gameshow to use computer graphics and to have a virtual character, the cheeky scamp Mr Chips. Oddly, the catchphrases weren't catchphrases at all. They were actually picture puzzles which revealed a phrase, saying, title, song ...just about anything really. The best catchphrases, of course, weren't those of Mr Chips but of the host, amiable Irishman Roy Walker. When a contestant said something really stupid he insisted that, "It's good, but it's not the one." Come on, Roy, we all knew it wasn't. Why couldn't you have said, "I'm sorry that was rubbish. You've let yourself down, you've let me down. Leave now and never darken our doorstep again." The show itself saw two contestants competing to solve as many catchphrases as possible. Before each round, one person stopped the flashing light and that determined how much money each one in that round was worth. Then, a puzzle came on screen and after the bell it was first on the buzzers. If they were right they won the money and a chance to win the bonus catchphrase. This was covered by nine squares. One was picked at random and removed, then they were allowed a guess. If they got it right, they won whatever was in the bonus bank. If wrong, they did another puzzle and so on until someone got it. Repeat as required, sprinkle liberally with extra money for each round. After the break, there was the faster-moving Ready Money Round, which was basically the same, but without the bell. The person with the most money at the end of the show went forth to the super catchphrase. A grid of 25 lettered squares flashed up (they were A-Y, sadly the alphabet is not divisible by five). Behind each one was a catchphrase. If they solved five, they won an extra pounds 50 (or pounds 500 from 1997). However, if they did that by going through the M square - which was claimed to be the difficult one - they won a lovely holiday somewhere exotic. No-one went home empty-handed, they took with them the money they had earned throughout the programme. Even the runner-up got to take home all the money they had earned - often up to pounds 1,000. One of the most famous moments of the show's history was aired on November 18,1994, which saw a bonus catchphrase where the answer to the puzzle was snake charmer. The puzzle was revealed in such a way it appeared to show Mr Chips in a highly compromising situation. Roy's catchphrase "Say What You See" was used as a Bonus Catchphrase itself in 1997, but surprisingly enough, no-one guessed it. "Say what you see" was a bonus catchphrase around 1998. Amazingly, no-one got it. Additionally, "Catchphrase" was a catchphrase once... they got that, though. It was all going along swimmingly until viewer numbers began to fall. By the turn of the millennium the computer graphics were no longer cutting edge and the producers decided it needed a facelift. Claims that Roy Walker had chosen to leave of his own accord were scoffed at after he was reduced to tears during an interview on the Big Breakfast. He was replaced by Nick Weir, who unfortunately became more famous for falling down the studio steps and breaking his foot while recording his first series, than for actually hosting the show. He was eventually replaced by former Blue Peter presenter Mark Curry. The graphics were updated and the Ready Money Round replaced by a very similar Cash Countdown. The Super Catchphrase was also changed so the contestant to win had to get from the left hand side of the screen to the right making adjoining moves. Passing on a catchphrase meant that they were blocked and had to find an alternative path. Catchphrase finally ended in September 2002 after 16 years because of declining ratings, but its Roy Walker heyday can still be seen on Challenge TV. Top 10 Catchphrase catchphrases " Say what you see" "It's good, but it's not the one" "We're taking out the bell" "It's fast and furious in the Ready Money Round" "Five seconds... here we go" "The M square, that's the difficult one" "What's Mr Chips doing?" "Watch your screens... here we go!" "Keep pressing and guessing" "You can't win if you don't buzz in!" "Riiiiiiiiiiight!" CAPTION(S): SAY WHAT YOU SEE: Roy Walker and Mr Chips were the original partnership on Catchphrase COPYRIGHT 2007 MGN Ltd. No portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the copyright holder. Copyright 2007 Gale, Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Article Details	i don't know
Which TV character was often heard to say "I pity the fool"?	Did B.A. Baracus Never Actually Say 'I Pity the Fool' on 'The A-Team'? \| The Huffington Post Did B.A. Baracus Never Actually Say 'I Pity the Fool' on 'The A-Team'? 07/24/2015 02:10 pm ET \| Updated Jul 24, 2016 Brian Cronin Writer and founder of legendsrevealed.com The A-Team was a fascinating hit TV series in that it was absurd even for the era in which it aired (1983-1987). The cartoon violence on the program was evident when, in the very first episode, a jeep carrying soldiers pursuing the team flips over spectacularly and crashes (it's an impressive enough shot that the show continued to use it in the opening credits for pretty much the entire run of the series). Voiceovers, of course, quickly assure viewers that both the driver and the passenger of the jeep were fine after the crash. That was The A-Team in a nutshell -- spectacular violence but people almost never actually got hurt, despite the A-Team's extensive use of explosives and automatic weapons. The A-Team was about a team of soldiers who were falsely accused of a crime that they did not commit in the closing days of the Vietnam War. Now on the run from the U.S. Military, they work as mercenaries helping out people in need while also trying to clear their names. The team was led by Col. John "Hannibal" Smith (played by George Peppard), whose trademark phrase was "I love it when a plan comes together." The team consisted of Smith plus Lt. Templeton "Faceman" Peck (played by Tim Dunigan in the first two episodes and Dirk Benedict going forward), Capt. H.M. "Howling Mad" Murdock (Dwight Schultz) and, of course, Sgt. Bosco Albert "B.A." Baracus (Mr. T). Mr. T's B.A. Baracus quickly became the most popular character on the series (much to the annoyance of George Peppard). Fans of The A-Team were quite familiar with Mr. T.'s trademark phrase, "I pity the fool." However, is it really true that the phrase was never used on The A-Team? Yes, surprisingly enough, just like how (as I featured in a past TV Legends Revealed ), Gracie Allen never actually said "Goodnight, Gracie" on The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show, B.A. Baracus never actually used the phrase "I pity the fool" on The A-Team (there are other famous examples of this, as well, of course, like Kirk never saying "Beam me up, Scotty," Basil Rathbone's Sherlock Holmes never saying "Elementary, my dear Watson" and Rick never saying "Play it again, Sam" in Casablanca). Mr. T., born Laurence Tureaud, was already quite a personality well before he began appearing regularly on television. He developed his Mr. T persona in the late 1970s while working as a bouncer (this is also when he began wearing gold chains and wearing his hair in the style of an African Mandinka warrior). His bouncer work led to him becoming a high profile bodyguard, working for such famous celebrities as Michael Jackson, Diana Ross and Muhammad Ali. His unique tough guy personality was given national exposure when Mr. T competed in a strongman competition on NBC called "America's Toughest Bouncer." He won the competition. He then competed in a follow-up dubbed "Games People Play" and also won that competition. Before the final match, Mr. T explained to the commentator for the event, Bryant Gumbel, that "I just feel sorry for the guy who I have to box. I just feel real sorry for him." Sylvester Stallone caught this second competition and was intrigued by Mr. T and that line in particular. Stallone then wrote Mr. T into Rocky III as the main villain, Clubber Lang. It was here that the phrase "I pity the fool" was born. The film was a massive success and Mr. T was soon cast in The A-Team where he became an even bigger celebrity, eventually becoming one of the most recognizable celebrities in the country (the guy even did an inspirational video - Be Somebody or Be Somebody's Fool). Mr. T would use the phrase "I pity the fool" constantly in public appearances, but for whatever reason, he did not bring it with him to The A-Team. Just to prove this, I decided to put myself through the greatest of tests - actually watching every episode of the series to make sure. And while it took me quite a while (I wasn't exactly thrilled to go through a bunch of these episodes in a row, so I spread them out for a number of months) I recently completed the series run and I can personally confirm that he never used the phrase on the series. You often come across the suggestion that the quote "I pity the fool who goes out tryin' a' take over the world, then runs home cryin' to his momma!" is from The A-Team, but A. It never appeared on the show and B. I don't know if I believe that that phrase ever existed period. I've heard a .wav file containing the opening and the closing together ("I pity the fool that runs home cryin' to his momma") but never the whole thing. Anyhow, as to the legend at hand, it is one of those odd ones where we're confirming a negative, so the legend is... STATUS: True Be sure to check out my archive of TV Legends Revealed for more urban legends about the world of television. Feel free (heck, I implore you!) to write in with your suggestions for future installments! My e-mail address is [email protected]. Follow Brian Cronin on Twitter: www.twitter.com/Brian_Cronin More:	B. A. Baracus
"You get nothing for a pair" was a Bruce Forsyth catchphrase in which programme?	The truth about what happened to Mr. T The truth about what happened to Mr. T Sarah Szabo @sarah_szee It might be for his gold chains, his attitude, or his catchphrases, but one way or another, you remember Mr. T. He rose to fame in 1982 with his appearance in Rocky III as Rocky's nemesis Clubber Lang, then truly became a star the following year through his role as B.A. Baracus in the hit series The A-Team. Less commonly known by his real name, Lawrence Tureaud, Mr. T was ever-present on TV screens for more than a decade of domination. His profile's fallen off to some extent over the years, leaving audiences worldwide wondering whatever happened to the once-unavoidable icon. Is he still pitying fools? You might be shocked by the answer. Still a pitchman Outside of his acting roles, Mr. T's work as a pitchman for commercial products may be the most consistently visible use of his talents. Whether he's hawking Snickers bars (" Get some nuts !"), his own cereal , or World of Warcraft , his ads have always been able to get your attention, if nothing else. (It's hard to ignore a guy that big yelling at you.) Recently he's appeared in ads for Fuze Iced Tea , in which he makes it clear that the years have done nothing to affect his charisma. Seriously, he might be ageless. You can judge for yourself, but he looks exactly the same. Wrestling Hall of Fame WWE Mr. T may have entered the popular consciousness as a fictional boxer in 1982's Rocky III, but by 1985, the actor behind Clubber Lang made the leap to wrestling in the ring. Memorably, he performed at the inaugural WrestleMania event, serving as tag-team partner to Hulk Hogan versus "Rowdy" Roddy Piper and Mr. Wonderful (a match he and Hogan won). This gave rise to a feud which lasted years between Mr. T and Piper, who already had little respect for the actor-turned-wrestler. Some felt he'd never paid his dues as a performer in the ring, a situation that wasn't helped by the outcome of the match. Everything was laid to rest, however, when Mr. T was finally inducted into the WWE's Hall of Fame in 2014, a show of respect that included a reunion with Piper, with whom he dramatically, finally, made peace . Battling cancer Getty Images One of the reasons Mr. T decreased his workload in the first place had to do with a frightening cancer diagnosis in the mid-'90s. He took on his unwelcome opponent the only way he knew how: aggressively. "Can you imagine that?" he remarked to Coping with Cancer magazine after being diagnosed with T-cell lymphoma in 1995. "Cancer with my name on it. Personalized cancer." He wrote an as-yet unpublished book on his experience with the author Joyce Brooks, called Cancer Saved My Life: Cancer Ain't For No Wimps, and generally seems to have taken the development in stride, looking stronger than ever in 2016. "If you don't remind me that I have cancer than I won't remember either, because I am too busy living," he said in his book. "Mr. T ain't dyin' and I pity the fool who says it." A whole world's worth of fools In 2011, Mr. T set up shop across the Atlantic for a show on BBC 3 called World's Craziest Fools. A compendium of "can-you-believe-this" clips captured from cameras around the world, it aired 20 episodes before going off the air in March of 2013. The show, a throwback in the age of YouTube, also used animated segments to illustrate the antics of more egregious fools. The ending of the show after two seasons should in no way reflect on the continuing ability of Mr. T to combat fools, but should rather suggest that some fools, perhaps, are just far too pitiful for his time. I Pity the Tool "So much to talk to you about!" a boisterous T announced while making his way around the Today show set in June 2015. He buddied up with Al Roker, a longtime fan, and announced he was there to support his upcoming home-improvement show on the DIY Network, I Pity the Tool . "I know what I'm doing with my hands," he boasted to the hosts. "Whether I'm fightin' or buildin'." The network aired one episode of the series on June 6, 2015, and as yet, hasn't commented on whether or not they'll follow up with more. The reason why is a mystery, owing to either viewer turnout or something more behind-the-scenes. Is it a pity? Yes, it is, sure seems like it. We pity the fools who slept on pitying tools. He has his own app Of course, no modern celebrity's portfolio is complete without an app to go along with it, and Mr. T is no different . The Mr. T App is a versatile curiosity, with features that include a T-Booth, for Snapchat-like filters to get that perfect mohawk, a Magic T-Ball for advice, and even an alarm clock—which we have to assume, as much as we love the guy, is the worst and most frightening imaginable way to start your day. "Let Mr. T get you out of bed in the morning!" That sounds like a threat. I tweet at the fool Getty Images Also available on his app is a direct line to Mr. T's tweets, though you can get the same for free by following @MrT on Twitter . The feed is full of good vibes and support informed often by his born-again Christian faith, along with comments on the world as he sees it. "I am not a Republican nor am I a Democrat," he wrote during an extended eulogy for departed First Lady Nancy Reagan. "I am just a Christian Brother from the Hood trying to do some good!" He doesn't tweet too often, but he's a reassuring voice when he does. As long as we have Mr. T around, what do we really have to worry about? He's often heard and not seen Starting with his '80s Saturday morning cartoon series (sensibly titled Mister T), Mr. T has stayed busy doing voice work for a variety of projects—from TV movies like the 1987 version of Alice Through the Looking Glass, in which he played the Jabberwocky, through cartoon series like Eek! The Cat, Sabrina the Animated Series, and Pecola. He's even been heard on the big screen in recent years through his work as the voice of Earl Devereaux in 2009's hit animated feature Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs—and gamers of a certain age have no doubt recognized his dulcet tones in the Lego Dimensions game, in which he appears as his A-Team character, B.A. Baracus. Recommended	i don't know
Who was known for the catchphrase Bernie, ... the bolt?	The Golden Shot - UKGameshows The Golden Shot Vernon Kay (2007 special) Co-hosts Original hostesses (known as the Golden Girls, natch): Anita Richardson, Andrea Lloyd and Carol Dilworth (otherwise known as the mother of Chesney Hawkes). Subsequent hostesses included Yutte Stensgaard (1970-1), Lee Patrick, and Anne Aston (famous as she was supposedly unable to count without using her fingers). "Heinz" (armourer): Hannes Schmid (format inventor). "Bernie the Bolt"s: Derek Young, Alan Bailey, Johnny Baker. Also, Jim Bowen in the 2007 Vernon Kay one-off. Broadcast ATV London for ITV, 1 July to 30 December 1967 (27 episodes) ATV Midlands for ITV, 6 January 1968 to 13 April 1975 (310 episodes) Granada and Thames for ITV1, 1 October 2005 ( Gameshow Marathon one-off) ITV Productions and TalkbackThames for ITV1, 28 April 2007 ( Gameshow Marathon one-off) Synopsis Long-running ITV Sunday night skill game. The contestants would mostly be telephone callers on the show, and they would play the game by instructing a blindfolded cameraman to adjust their aim in order to fire a 'telebow' (a crossbow tied to the camera) at targets. The bow was loaded by the show's feature character, Bernie the Bolt. The programme is noted for it not only having three Bernies but a number of different hosts, including Bob Monkhouse twice. "Nice weapon, isn't it?" - Bob Monkhouse with assistant. Successful shots resulted in prizes of increasing value; unsuccessful ones earned fairly derisory consolation prizes. When the programme gained popularity with Monkhouse presenting, Lew Grade moved the show to Sunday afternoons, a traditional graveyard slot in the schedules that would scrape 2-3 million viewers. The programme transformed the schedules, picking up 16 million at its peak. Host of the 70s version, Charlie Williams There were numerous gaffes on the show, which was always billed as downmarket. It also had the added problem that - being a phone-in, it had to be a live show. One studio contestant managed to knock herself out while on the toilet. A clergyman who had criticised the show for being unsafe was invited to the studio, only to be hit by a bow that ricocheted off the studio lights. Another stray bolt hit a female contestant, who was saved thanks to her shoulder pads. One contestant couple went for a cup of tea during the live show so the hostess had to grab some quick replacements and introduce them to the unknowing host. And on one famous occasion, as recounted in Bob Monkhouse 's autobiography, it was discovered that a phone-in contestant was trying to direct the crossbow from a telephone box and looking across the street into a TV shop. Key moments Host Charlie Williams (below) was once surprised when a different hostess arrived on set, because no-one on the production team had told him that the regular hostess was ill. Anne Aston arrives to the host's surprise - "No-one tell Williams, he's only t'gaffer" And on yet another occasion, the hostess introduced the contestants by the wrong name. You could tell this was quality TV, folks. "Well, it says he's called Patricia on my card" - hostess Lee Patrick introduces a contestant Catchphrases "Bernie, the bolt" (Originally it was "Heinz, the bolt" but the original armourer - format inventor Hannes Schmid - went back to his home country. Although his replacement was called Derek, Monkhouse told him to choose a name that made it alliterative so he plumped for the pseudonym Bernie.) In addition, Vernon Kay's phrase was, "Bowen, the bolt", since Jim Bowen was assisting him during that one-off special. "Left a bit, right a bit, fire!" Inventor The programme was based on a German format (Der Goldener Schuss by Hannes and Werner Schmid), which was - as these European things always are - a mixed variety format. The idea for that show had, in turn, come about from the Swiss legend of William Tell. Theme music Provided by Jack Parnell's orchestra. Trivia The original "Bernie" was studio technician Derek Young, but he had to be replaced when the programme changed its studio, from Elstree to Birmingham. However, the Bernie name was maintained throughout the rest of the series. Jennifer Hall tells us: I worked on The Golden Shot for 6 years, both at the Aston and Bridge St. Studios. Cockups weren't scripted! Once Heinz had helped set up the show, the job of loading the crossbows went to Special Effects, which was Alan and John. Years later, this was moved to the camera department, so an extra cameraman was scheduled on each show to play Bernie, suitably suited and booted. According to Golden Shot warm-up man Dave Ismay, in his book Bob Monkhouse Unpublished: To win the big money... the contestant had to break a single thread that was stretched down the centre of the target. The bolt shot from the crossbow had to hit the thread full on for the target to open and a cascade of gold coins to tumble out. That was the theory. In practice, however, if the thread were really tightly drawn, then the vibration of the bolt hitting in close proximity would cause it to break. Conversely, if the thread were loose, the bolt could hit dead centre and it wouldn't break. It's strange to relate now that the winners were always nice contestants whom Bob and the crew really liked and wanted to win. Miserable and maybe pompous and demanding players never had cause to celebrate. You need to draw your own conclusions as to why that was! ATV originally promoted the series as "the liveliest live show ever!". After seeing the first episode, one critic responded, "this is the deadest dead duck ever". According to the end credits during Bob's first run, targets were adapted from drawings by Mr. Monkhouse himself! Pete Murray and Alton Douglas both stood-in for Bob Monkhouse when he was on holiday, or working elsewhere. Web links	Bob Monkhouse
What you talkin' about Willis was a catchphrase for the late Gary Coleman in which TV series?	The Golden Shot \| Chatterbox Enterprises : ChatterBlog Bob Monkhouse – ChatterQuote June 2013 Bob Monkhouse: When I said I was going to become a comedian, they all laughed. Well, they’re not laughing now, are they? Growing old is compulsory – growing up is optional. Bob Monkhouse 1928-2003 You may (or may not) have noticed that my quotes for the last several months have all come from funny people – which is ironic really since now we have arrived at the sign of Gemini, who is truly the jokester of the zodiac! So I would be remiss if I did not continue the trend and bring you a quote (actually two since Gemini is a “dual” sign represented by the symbol of the “twins”) from yet another funny person! Last year I chose Joan Rivers (who turns 80 this month!), so this time I decided to go with a British Comedian I grew up with, Robert Alan “Bob” Monkhouse, OBE (Order of the British Empire), a Gemini, born June 1, 1928 in Beckenham, Kent, England, and who died on December 29, 2003 aged 75 in Eggington, Bedfordshire, England. An entertainer, comedy actor and writer, Bob Monkhouse was perhaps best known as a television presenter and game show host for most notably The Golden Shot, in which his infamous catchphrase was, “Bernie… the bolt!” I grew up watching this show. So the contestants had to aim a crossbow at an apple, which contained an exploding target. In the first round however, the crossbow was operated by a blindfolded cameraman, who had to aim and fire at the target using only the instructions given him by the contestant. [Left, left, up a bit… down a bit… fire!] And in later rounds, the contestants got to fire the crossbow themselves – something like that, anyway! Other shows he hosted that you may have heard of included Celebrity Squares (UK version of Hollywood Squares), Family Fortunes (UK version of Family Feud), Bob’s Your Uncle, Opportunity Knocks and Wipeout UK. A lesser-known but quite delicious tidbit about Bob Monkhouse is that his grandfather was a prosperous Methodist businessman who co-founded a company called Monk & Glass, which made, of all things, custard powder and jelly! I mean all good comedians need custard pies, don’t they, so how perfect that he was a comedian who came from a family that already made the custard! And, last I checked, custard is what color? Yep, custard is Yellow, the color of Gemini! Notice I chose two (!) quotes for him – the first quote reflects the comedian in him, while the second reveals the “Peter Pan” syndrome – a Gemini never wants to grow up! When I was doing my research, I found the BBC Obituary , so I thought I would share some of it with you [along with my own commentary!] especially since it demonstrates just how much of a Gemini he truly was: “Bob Monkhouse’s critics called him bumptious, smooth and smarmy but, for more than 40 years, he was one of the most popular and assured performers on British television… …He began selling cartoons and jokes in his teens [already a natural jokester] and at Dulwich College public school he met another comedy hopeful, Denis Goodwin. They teamed up to write material for comedians including Max Miller and Arthur Askey. Monkhouse was also writing and drawing strips for children’s comics such as The Beano [home of characters Denis the Menace, Roger the Dodger and Minnie the Minx, amongst others… FYI – the comic was first published in 1938 and is still going strong today] and The Dandy [we certainly grew up with both of these comics in England but I never knew that Bob Monkhouse was a contributor!] and, after leaving school, set himself up in business as the editor of his own publication. [Knock, knock, Gemini’s are literally the “newspapers” of the zodiac!] He commissioned artists and writers for his comic, paying them by postal order, and did all the production and distribution work himself. [I rest my case!] His days as a publisher ended when he was called up for service in the Royal Air Force [notice he was in the “Air” Force, and he was an Air Sign!] and he returned to civilian life to earn a living as a radio gag writer and stand-up comedian. [Back to being a jokester again.] He appeared in revue with Benny Hill [you’ve all heard of him] in the late 1940s and later broke into television, writing and appearing with his old partner, Denis Goodwin, who [tragically] committed suicide in 1975. Bob Monkhouse’s own life was [also] darkened by tragedy. At the age of 20, he was disowned by his parents after marrying his first wife, Elizabeth. His mother turned up at the wedding in mourning black. He never resolved his differences with his father and only spoke to his mother in the months before her death. And in 2001 his 46-year-old son Simon died from a heroin overdose in a Thai guesthouse. He and his father had not spoken for 13 years. His other son, Gary, who had cerebral palsy from birth, died in 1992 aged 40. [Now who knew all of that very sad stuff was going on under the smooth facade?] He was awarded the OBE in 1993. Always in his element playing to small, intimate, audiences rather than at large venues, Bob Monkhouse enjoyed improvising and was quite often near-the-knuckle…” [Check out the size of his hands in his photo!] Excerpt from the BBC Obituary Monday, December 29th, 2003	i don't know
"He's fallen in the water," was a catchphrase from which radio show?	"He's fallen in the water" \| AVForums AVForums.com uses cookies. By continuing to use this site, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. Learn More. "He's fallen in the water" Ratings: +163 ...from the Goon Show. This is a line I've heard my father recite for years without ever knowing from where it came. I've recently learnt it appears to be from the Goon Show, a radio show with Harry Seacombe, Peter Sellers and Spike Milligan. Does anyone have any clue where I could get the soundbite for the above sketch from? Astraeus CM Silencio RC-550 \| CM Silent Pro M 600W \| MSI P67-GD65 \| Intel Core i5 2500K \| Corsair XMS3 PC12800 8GB \| MSI GeForce GTX 460 1GB \| Crucial M4 128GB \| Samsung SpinPoint F4 2TB \| 2x Dell U2311H \| +687 Astraeus said: ↑ ...from the Goon Show. This is a line I've heard my father recite for years without ever knowing from where it came. I've recently learnt it appears to be from the Goon Show, a radio show with Harry Seacombe, Peter Sellers and Spike Milligan. Does anyone have any clue where I could get the soundbite for the above sketch from? Click to expand... Dad says if you google "the goon show" you may find some clips... according to him, it was just something that popped up from Spike Milligan said and found its way into various lines during the comedies... he has some tapes so I assume there are cd's or summat available at amazon or somewhere mate Dad says if you google "the goon show" you may find some clips... Click to expand... You should know as you were named after one of them Ratings: +163 Thanks. I've been able to find selected soundbites but, unfortunately, not the one I'm after. There are entire volumes of The Goon Show available on CD but it seems daft to incur an expense for the sake of wanting a single sketch. Seems like the sort of comedy I would/could have engaged with...proposterous, childish and involving lots of silly voices. Astraeus CM Silencio RC-550 \| CM Silent Pro M 600W \| MSI P67-GD65 \| Intel Core i5 2500K \| Corsair XMS3 PC12800 8GB \| MSI GeForce GTX 460 1GB \| Crucial M4 128GB \| Samsung SpinPoint F4 2TB \| 2x Dell U2311H \| about halfway down the page. Search the page for "Little Jim" Dave Ratings: +687 Have listened to my dads tapes in the car on a journey and there are some tear ripping moments seriousely worth getting hold of IMHO Ratings: +767 A majour comedy series from the 50' and 60's that influenced others like the Monty Python team. Official site. goon show was amazing, light years ahead of its time Ratings: +4,574 From what I recall it was a recurring catchphrase that last saw the light of day in The Last Goon Show of All. Last edited: Jan 12, 2009 Do not click any green links in my posts. Ratings: +357 Was it the one where the 'Constable' was asked if he'd like to join the river police and then pushed in? They forced their way passed me by pressing money in my hand Ah OH......... No more curried eggs for me (Loud explosion) So you lads want to join the Bombay Irish Do you ? Open your wallet say after me Help yourself sorry Im Old very old Ratings: +531 For the record, Little Jim lives in Eccles's boot, and is thought to be his nephew I discovered them when I was a kid, and got the LPs from the library. As already said - way ahead of the their time. Got to be Eccles & Bluebottle for me (can do a mean Bottle impression if my underpants are tight enough!) Eccles: (slow, talking over police radio) Hello, Hello. Policeman Eccles calling Inspector Seagoons car. Hello (over top of the start of Neds line) Ned: Hello Eccles, Seagoon answering, over. Eccles: Inspector? I think I'm on to something. Ive been tailing a car up de Great North Road for the last 30 miles, and it looks very suspicious. Ned: But hes doin a hundred miles an hour. Ned: Well, try and pass him. Eccles: Well, Ill try, but hes got the advantage over me. Ned: Hes in a car, Im walkin. or (from The Call of the West)... ECCLES: 'ere, what's that under there? Bottle! I didn't see you under that big black hat with that cotton moustache. BLUEBOTTLE: It's the Call of the West partner! Chews plug of Hopalong Cassidy cardboard - string tobacco - liquorice-type. Spit, spit, spitty. Ooohhoee. It's gone right down the front of my shirt. LT. HERN-HERN: Who are you, stranger? Speak up. BLUEBOTTLE: I am... I'm Marshal Matt Dillon, of 23 Flub Avenue, East Finchley, North 12. LT. HERN-HERN: I ain't never seen you in Dodge City before. How did you get here? BLUEBOTTLE: I came on the forty-nine bus from the High Street. LT. HERN-HERN: There ain't no buses run out here... BLUEBOTTLE: No, it only took me as far as the Odeon, and I had to walk all the rest of the way myself.	The Goon Show
Which wild-card won Wimbledon in 2001?	The Goon Show Site - Goons Characters Ned Seagoon Played by Harry Secombe An honest but gullible idiot, around whom the plot revolves. The patriotic Neddie is always willing to lay down his life for his country. He is often unemployed, some episodes begining with him accepting a new job which leads him into to trouble. Many jokes are made about his short yet rounded appearance. Catchphrases include "Hello folks", "Needle nardle noo", "What,what,what,what,what" and "I don't wish to know that". Major Dennis Bloodnok Played by Peter Sellers A corrupt military cad, pervert and idiot. Seagoon's former commanding officer who suffers terrible flatulence. Bloodnok is a total coward who will betray anyone or anything for money. Catchphrases include "Nurse the screens!" and "It was hell in there". Bluebottle Played by Peter Sellers A young, lustful boy scout with a squeaky voice who normally gets blown up in each episode. He is often a companion of Eccles and is willing to help anyone for sweets, although he frequently fails. Bluebottle is noted for using tools or weapons made from cardboard and string. He often reads his stage directions out loud and is always greeted with a deliberate round of applause from the audience. The character is based on real scout master with a squeaky voice. Catchphrases include "Enter Bluebottle, waits for applause...Not a sausage", "You rotten swine, you deaded me" and "I don't like this game". Eccles Played by Spike Milligan The Famous Eccles, complete and utter idiot. An amiable, well-meaning man with no wits or understanding. When people tell him to shut up, he frequently joins in and often goes on telling himself to shut up long after everyone else has given up. Eccles often finds himself helping Ned Seagoon alongside Bluebottle. His idiotic logic is considered to epitomize Goon humour. Catchphrases include "Hello der", "Fine, fine, fine", "I'm the famous Eccles" and "Shut up Eccles". Hercules Grytpype-Thynne Played by Peter Sellers A sleazy, well-educated and scheming cad. He generally collaborates with Count Moriarty to swindle Ned Seagoon. Catchphrases include "You silly twisted boy" and "Have a gorilla". Count Jim Moriarty Played by Spike Milligan Unscrupulous member of the French aristocracy who turned to crime to support his lifestyle. As The Goon Show developed, Moriarty decended from a ined criminal mastermind into a snivelling sidekick to Grytpype-Thynne. He is often found scavenging in dustbins looking for food and uttering meaningless foreign-sounding curses. Catchphrases include "Oooowwwww" and "Sapristi nabolis". Henry Crun Played by Peter Sellers An elderly idiot inventor and partner of Minnie Bannister. Rather decrepit and forgetful, he often struggles to keep pace with the action around him. Catchphrases include "You can't get the wood you know". Minnie Bannister Played by Spike Milligan A feeble old spinster with an interesting past. Minnie enjoys modern-type music and is as flirtatious as a girl a third her age. Catchphrases include "Henrrryyyyy" and "We'll all be murdered in our beds!". Other Characters A very camp and effeminate man, usually some type of official. Gladys Usually a secretary/personal assistant whose gender was questionable. Jim Spriggs Sometimes repeats his lines in falsetto song for no apparent reason. Calls everybody "Jim". Lew Played by Peter Sellers A fast talking showbiz agent, always trying to promote his terrible acts. Based upon Lew Grade, an influential Jewish showbusiness impresario and television executive. Little Jim A timid child with the single line, "He's fallen in the water". McGoonagall Played by Peter Sellers or Spike Milligan Terrible Scottish poet who summarizes the plot in an overstated manner. Inspired by the 19th century poet William McGonagall. Miss Throat Anything but a woman, with a very gravelly voice and the single line "Right mate". Various Tribal Chiefs Played by Ray Ellington Being the only black cast member, Ellington often played angry native chiefs. This was a time before political correctness! Willium Cobblers (or 'Mate') A working-class cockney idiot with a jobs-worth attitude. ers to everyone as "mate". CD Compendiums Goon Show Compendiums are CD box sets, each containing a dozen or more remastered episodes, plus some great bonus features.	i don't know
What is the maximum number of ball girls or boys allowed on court at any one time?	Volleyball Rules \| Division of Student Affairs \| The University of Texas at El Paso Volleyball Rules The UTEP Recreational Sports Department Volleyball Rules are based on the United States Volleyball Association. Some of the more important rules as well as rules unique to the UTEP Rec Sports Department are included herein. All players are responsible for reading this document before participating in our volleyball program. Eligibility for Intramural Sports: UTEP Students, Staff or Faculty Only. THE GAME: NUMBER OF PLAYERS: A complete team consists of six (6) players, but a minimum of four (4) players is required to start and continue a game. By game time, all teams must have at least the minimum number of its players on the court and ready to play. For Coed play, the number of females on the court must be equal or greater to the number of males on the court. NOTE: A Coed team fielding enough players to start, but not of the appropriate gender, shall receive a forfeit. ROSTER LIMIT: There are no limits to the number of eligible participants on your roster. Be aware that league champions will receive a maximum of 9 awards. LENGTH OF GAMES AND MATCH: The team that first scores twenty five (25) points in a game shall win that game. A team must win by two (2) points, and there is no cap. The first team to win two games wins the match. Forty-five minutes are allotted to complete a match. If the match requires a deciding third game, the first team to reach fifteen (15) points with a minimum two-point lead shall win it. There will be a seventeen (17) point cap in the final game. BALL: The Recreational Sports Department will supply the game ball. Teams must provide their own ball(s) for warm-ups. COURT AREA: The legal playing area includes all court area on either side of the center (net) line up to the walls and the dividing net between the courts. The centerline is considered to extend infinitely in either direction (i.e. it is illegal to contact the ball past the center line when outside the court boundaries). Any ball that contacts the ceiling may be played as long as it is on your side and you have hits left to play the ball. However, the ball is considered out of bounds if the ball crosses over to the other side of the court. SERVICE: To legally serve the ball, a player’s last contact with the ground before contacting the ball must be behind the back service line, anywhere along its length. Players must wait for the official’s whistle to initiate the serve. Players must contact the ball on their first attempt at serving or a side out will result. The ball is considered in play if the ball contacts the net before going over. Positioning: The position of the other players during service shall be within their playing area (but may not touch the court boundary lines) in serving order with each of the three forward line players in front of their respective back row players at the instant the ball is served. A player also may not overlap an adjacent player to the left or right of his/her position. The position of players is judged according to the place their feet contact the floor at the time the ball is contacted for service. AFTER THE BALL IS SERVED: Opponents of the serving team may receive the serve with open hands raised above the head (e.g. players can set a serve). However, serves are not considered hard-driven balls, so they must be set cleanly. The team that did not initiate service in a game must rotate one position clockwise prior to its first service. PLAYING THE BALL: Simultaneous Contacts: Simultaneous contacts are legal when the ball is played: by two teammates are considered as one play. Either player may participate in the next play. by opponents at the net. Such a play is termed a “joust”, and the officials consider the player behind the direction of the ball as having touched it last. If, after the simultaneous touch by two opponents, the ball falls and touches within the limits of the court, the team on the court is at fault; should the ball fall outside the court, the team on the opposite side shall be deemed as having provided the momentum necessary to cause the ball to be out of bounds and shall be at fault. NOTE: If the player “wipes off” or “tools” the block of the opponent, the opponent is considered to have touched the ball last. Successive Contacts: players, blockers, and/or opponents will only allow successive contacts in situations of simultaneous contacts. A player may make successive contacts by two or more parts of the player’s body provided such contacts constitute a single attempt to play a hard driven ball on the first team play after the ball crosses the net. Back Row Players: Back row players forward of, or touching, the 10-foot line, returning the ball across the net, must contact the ball from below the level of the top of the net. Co Rec Rule: In a Co Rec game, if there is more than one contact made with the ball by a side, at least one of those contacts must be made by a woman. A block does not count as a contact. Area of Contact: Players may contact the ball with any part of the body above the waistline. BLOCKING: Only front row players are permitted to block. Any player is considered as having the intention of affecting a block if the player places one or both hands above his head while in a position close to the net to block the ball after the opponents’ third hit or after an attack. An attack is defined as any third hit on one side of the net, or any other ball that is played with the intent to send it over the net. A block does not count as a team’s first play. NOTE: A “soft block” is considered to be a hit. CONTACTING THE NET: A player shall not contact any part of the net or its supports while the ball is in play except with long hair. If a player inadvertently touches the official’s platform or net poles, it is not an infraction. The ball may be played off the net (other than when served) as long as the ball does not contact the net outside the sideline markers. When the ball is driven into the net so that it causes the net or its supports to contact an opposing player, this is not an infraction as long as they did not contact the net by their own momentum. CROSSING THE CENTER LINE: A player may step on the centerline, but may not completely cross the line while the ball is in play. Any part of the player’s body may be in the air below the net and beyond the center line if he does not interfere with the opponent’s play by touching the ball or the opponent; a player may reach under the net to retrieve a ball that is in play by his team. Touching the opponent’s court when crossing the centerline with any part of the body is an infraction. EXCEPTION: Feet or hands may partially cross the centerline, by “shadowing” is not allowed (when part of the foot crosses the center line, but the heel is in the air over the line, this casting a “shadow”). This rule is strictly enforced due to the high potential for the net-related injuries. SUBSTITUTIONS: The official must be notified before all substitutions. There are no limits in the amount of team substitutions, or substitutions per position. However, once a player is substituted for a particular position, (s)he must play in that position for the rest of the game or until substituted by the original owner of that position. During substitutions, other players’ positions must remain the same. In a Coed match, men and women may not substitute for one another. These rules are intended to provide all participants with a maximum amount of playing time.	6
What is the total number of grass courts at Wimbledon?	AAU Beach Volleyball > Rules > Beach Volleyball Rules These events will not qualify teams to the West Coast AAU Junior Olympic Games. Preliminary Events These events may earn bids to the West Coast AAU Junior Olympic Games if approved by the AAU Volleyball Committee. Please email [email protected] with questions. District Championships Only one District Championship event per District. Must be approved by the District Sports Director. The top teams qualify to the West Coast AAU Junior Olympic Games from each event. The number of teams qualifying is based on the number of teams participating. 5 to 9 teams = top 2 teams qualify 10 or more teams = top 4 teams qualify There must be a minimum of 5 teams in the age division in order for any teams to qualify. If the 1st, 2nd, 3rd or 4th place team has previously earned a bid, the 5th, 6th, 7th, or 8th place teams WILL NOT qualify. No teams placing lower than 4th will earn a bid. AAU District Championship medals must be awarded Grand Prix Events Large events that focus on local participation. Events must be approved by the AAU Volleyball Committee. No new events are able to be licensed as Grand Prix events. The top 3 teams qualify to the West Coast AAU Junior Olympic Games from each event. No minimum number of teams required. If the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd place team has previously earned a bid, the 4th place team will qualify. No teams placing lower than 4th will earn a bid. Regional Championships Only one Regional Championship event per Region. Events must be approved by the AAU Volleyball Committee and must be overseen by the AAU Beach Volleyball Regional Rep for that Region. The top teams qualify to the West Coast AAU Junior Olympic Games from each event. The number of teams qualifying is based on the number of teams participating. 5 to 9 teams = top 2 teams qualify 10 or more teams = top 4 teams qualify There must be a minimum of 5 teams in the age division in order for any teams to qualify. If the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th place team has previously earned a bid, the 5th, 6th, 7th, or 8th place teams WILL NOT qualify. No teams placing lower than 4th will earn a bid. Super Regional Events Large events that are open to teams from any District and have participation from multiple zones. Events must be approved by the AAU Volleyball Committee. No new events are able to be licensed as Super Regional events. The top 4 teams qualify to the West Coast AAU Junior Olympic Games from each event. No minimum number of teams required. If the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th place team has previously earned a bid, the 5th, 6th, 7th, or 8th place teams WILL NOT qualify. No teams placing lower than 4th will earn a bid. National Championships The top 8 teams qualify to the West Coast AAU Junior Olympic Games from each event. There must be a minimum of 10 teams in the age division in order for any teams to qualify. No teams placing lower than 8th will earn a bid. TOURNAMENT DEFINITIONS Invitational, Preliminary, District Championship, Grand Prix, Regional Championships, or Super Regional Events: These events are OPEN (no pre-qualification necessary) to any team to participate. National Championships: This event is an OPEN (no pre-qualification necessary) event and an event where qualified teams earn a berth. AAU Junior Olympic Games/West Coast Junior Olympic Games: These events are Qualified ONLY (you must qualify) for teams to participate. Teams must medal at select licensed AAU Beach Volleyball events in order to compete in this competition. Contact Gino Grajeda ( [email protected] ) for qualifying events or check the Beach Tour schedule at www.aaubeach.org . National Classic: This event is an OPEN (no pre-qualification necessary) event and an event where qualified teams earn a berth. Tour Championships: This event is an OPEN (no pre-qualification necessary) event and an event where qualified teams earn a berth. Best of Beach (16U/14U) and Pan Pacific (18U) Tournament: These events are Qualified ONLY (you must qualify) for teams to participate. Teams must medal at select licensed AAU Beach Volleyball events in order to compete in this competition. Contact Gino Grajeda ( [email protected] ) for qualifying events or check the Beach Tour schedule at www.aaubeach.org . Coed Championships: This event is OPEN (no pre-qualification necessary) to any team to participate. *NOTE: Teams who qualify for the AAU Junior Olympic Games, West Coast AAU Junior Olympic Games, Best of Beach, of Pan Pacific events but the one partner is unable to compete, the remaining partner may select an alternate AAU member to compete with at the event. Athletes who qualify with more than one partner will select which partner he/she will compete with at the event and the remaining partner may select an alternate AAU member to compete with at the event. TOURNAMENT FORMATS OPEN, CLASSIC, INVITATIONAL OR DISTRICT CHAMPIONSHIP TOURNAMENT FORMAT: Tournaments are Pool Play followed by single-elimination playoffs. Games or full matches may be played. AAU NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS FORMAT 18U BOYS, 10U BOYS & GIRLS DIVISIONS: Single Day Tournament; Pool Play followed by Single-Elimination Playoffs 18U GIRLS, 16U/15U/14U/12U BOYS & GIRLS DIVISIONS: Two Day Tournament; Two Rounds of Pool Play followed by Single-Elimination Playoffs. Not All Teams will advance to Day 2 AAU JUNIOR OLYMPIC GAMES AND WEST COAST AAU JUNIOR OLYMPIC GAMES FORMAT: Two Day Format; All teams compete on both days. Full matches. Day 1 Pool Play followed by Bracket Play on Day 2. NATIONAL CLASSIC FORMAT: All age divisions. Two day format; Pool Play followed by pool play. At the National Classic, a national club champion will be determined by the finish of athletes registered to an AAU Beach Volleyball Club. A minimum of three (3) teams must be identified in a particular age division and the club champion is determined by the overall finish of the club athletes in the competition. TOUR CHAMPIONSHIPS FORMAT: All age divisions. Tournament may be a one day or two day event. BEST OF THE BEACH (16U/14U) AND PAN PACIFIC (18U) FORMAT: Two Day Format; All teams compete on both days. Full matches. Day 1 Pool Play followed by bracket Play on Day 2 For local events ONLY: The AAU Beach Volleyball Rules are to be applied unless otherwise stated or modified by the District Sport Director or event operator. AAU Sponsors	i don't know
What nationality is Tomas Berdych, who defeated Roger Federer on his way to the final of the Men's Singles at Wimbledon in 2010?	Rafael Nadal beats Tomas Berdych in Wimbledon final \| Toronto Star Rafael Nadal beats Tomas Berdych in Wimbledon final Rafael Nadal has defeated Tomas Berdych to win the Wimbledon men’s title. Rafael Nadal of Spain celebrates Championship Point during his Mens Singles Final match against Tomas Berdych of Czech Republic on July 4, 2010. (Clive Brunskill / Getty Images) Sun., July 4, 2010 WIMBLEDON, ENGLAND - Rafael Nadal swept Tomas Berdych in straight sets Sunday to win his second Wimbledon title and eighth Grand Slam championship. The top-ranked Spaniard beat the 12th-seeded Czech 6-3, 7-5, 6-4 in two hours 13 minutes to reinforce his status as the No. 1 player in the game. Nadal broke Berdych four times and never lost serve in 15 service games. It’s the second time Nadal has won the French Open and Wimbledon back-to-back. With eight Grand Slam titles, Nadal joins a list of greats that includes Andre Agassi, Jimmy Connors, Ivan Lendl, Fred Perry and Ken Rosewall. He also has five French Open championships and one Australian Open title. Article Continued Below After ripping a crosscourt forehand passing shot on match point, Nadal collapsed on his back on the turf at the baseline and covered his face with his hands. After congratulating Berdych, Nadal leaped out of his chair and did a front somersault on the grass, rising to his feet with both fists clenched. Nadal won his first Wimbledon title in 2008, beating Roger Federer in an epic five-set final, but was unable to defend his crown last year because of tendinitis in his knees. With Sunday’s victory, he has won 14 straight matches at the All England Club and “defended” the title he won in his last appearance here. Nadal is the first Spanish man to win Wimbledon twice. Manolo Santana took the title in 1966. Berdych, the first Czech to reach the Wimbledon final since Lendl in 1987, had beaten Federer and No. 3 Novak Djokovic en route to the final, but couldn’t find a way to take out the second-seeded Nadal as well. Nadal beat Berdych for the seventh straight time, a span covering 17 consecutive sets. In a match short on drama and spectacular points, Nadal capitalized on a few weak service games by Berdych to seize control. It was typical grass-court Wimbledon tennis, with play dominated by serves and only a few break points here and there making the difference. Nadal played his usual grinding baseline game featuring whippet forehands, but wasn’t at his sharpest, making some uncharacteristic mistakes. It wasn’t a vintage performance from Nadal, who had 21 unforced errors compared to 17 for Berdych. Nadal had 29 winners, two more than the Czech. Nadal won all the big points against the 24-year-old Czech, who was playing in his first Grand Slam final and failed to convert any of his four break points.	Czech
Who partnered Jamie Murray when he won the mixed doubles title at Wimbledon in 2007?	Wimbledon 2010 Winners Wimbledon 2010 Winners Share on Tumblr Wimbledon 2010 – Forever To Be Remembered The 2010 Wimbledon will be remembered forever. The John Isner and Nicolas Mahut epic 11 hour 5 minute match assures this tournament a place in history but there were many other unique events that contributed to a mesmerizing end result. Her Majesty the Queen’s first visit to the All England Club in 33 years set a regal tone to a fortnight of unusually cooperative weather that helped spike the turnstiles. True, some fans sought refuge from the disappointing World Cup but the larger-than-life performances by the game’s biggest and newest stars kept fans and viewers enthralled. Despite the reduced seating caused by overhauls to Court Two, the second largest turnout of all time graced the tournament. 489,948 fans watched thirteen days of exciting tennis as players went through 54,250 Slazenger tennis balls. Another 6.8 million viewers, the second highest audience in history, watched the finals between Rafael Nadal and Tomas Berdych on television. The unpredictable results contributed greatly to the drawing power. In the Ladies Singles, the 21st seed, the 82nd ranked and 62nd ranked players reached the surprisingly competitive semi-finals. In the Men’s semifinals, local favorite Andy Murray played well against Nadal and the popular Berdych upset the stoic Djokovic. First-time winners championed the Men’s and Women’s Doubles events. All in all, the 124th Wimbledon was a tournament that will be forever etched in record books and memory banks. Wimbledon 2010 Winners The Men – Rafael Nadal Rafael Nadal Won Wimbledon 2010 Mens Title Rafael Nadal of Spain defeated Tomas Berdych of Czech by 6-3, 7-5, 6-4 to lift the Men’s trophy. The strongest player in men’s tennis may have been ranked second, but by the end of Wimbledon there was no doubt who the force in the game is. Spain’s Rafa Nadal claimed his second championship at the All England Club and won his 8th Grand Slam tournament in convincing style with a straight set triumph over Tomas Berdych. 12th seed Czech Tomas Berdych overcame some big names on the way to the finals. In the quarterfinals, Berdych upset the top seed, Roger Federer . In the semifinals, Berdych polished off third-seeded Novak Djokovic to gain momentum heading into the finals. Nadal rolled over hard-playing Swede Robin Soderling before winning a hard-fought three set battle with Andy Murray. The Murray-Nadal match may have been the best men’s battle of the tournament. Against Berdych, Nadal saved the best for last. The Spaniard never lost serve, displayed the quickest feet in the game and revealed his unparalleled will to win. Nadal followed his Roland Garros clay court win with his grass court domination to show his all court prowess. From this point forward, Rafa will be the man to beat in every Grand Slam event. The Women – Serena Williams Serena Williams Won Womens Title at Wimbledon 2010 Serena Williams of USA defeated Russian Vera Zvonareva by 6-3, 6-2 to win women’s title. Serena asserted herself effectively in defending her Wimbledon title against an overmatched Vera Zvonareva. The win was Serena’s fourth Wimbledon title and 13th Grand Slam Championship. Williams earned her way to the finals with a difficult quarterfinal win over Maria Sharapova and an unexpected semifinal tussle with Czech 20-year old star-to-be, Petra Kvitova. Unlike most players on the tour, Sharapova and Kvitova have the power to hit and serve with Williams. Williams, however, is used to the big stage. She is also a fierce competitor who knows how to finish matches when she gains the lead. This was an unusual tournament. The semifinals pitted the 82nd ranked, Tsvetana Pironkova against the 21st seed, Vera Zvonareva in one match and the top seed, Serena against 62nd seed Petra Kvitova. The unlikely semifinal pairings produced some of the most thrilling matches in tournament history. Men’s Double – Jurgen Melzer and Phillipp Petzschner Jurgen Melzer and Phillipp Petzschner Won Mens Doubles Title The unseeded team of Austrian Jurgen Melzer and German Phillipp Petzschner neatly put away 16 seeds Robert Lindstedt and Horia Tecau 6-1, 7-5, 7-5 to claim the men’s doubles Championship. It was the pair’s first Grand Slam doubles tournament after participating in two lower level events earlier in the season. The team used their high caliber singles skills to quickly establish themselves as dangerous opponents. Capitalizing on big serves and solid returns of serve, they asserted themselves early in every match. The lefty-righty alignment worked to perfection as Melzer improved upon a personal best semifinal appearance at the Australian Open in 2005 and Petzschner improved upon two quarterfinal appearances in 2008 at the U.S. Open and at Wimbledon. The solid team began the year playing in Brisbane and improved enough to win their first title at the PBZ Zagreb Indoor Championship. The Austrian-German team is the first unseeded team to win the title since 2005. Women’s Double – Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova Won Womens Doubles Title Vania King and Yaroslava Shvedova teamed up for just the third time, but it was a magic number for the unseeded women’s team. The unlikely champions defeated another unseeded but heavily favored Russian team of Elena Vesnina and Vera Zvonareva 7-6 (6), 6-2. The loss turned out to be Zvonareva’s second runner-up finish of the tournament, losing in straight sets to Serena Williams in the singles finals. The Russians held set point at 6-5 in the tiebreaker before Zvonareva netted a forehand. The Russians then banged into each other on the next point to give the underdogs the set point. King and Shvedova jumped on the opportunity and claimed the set and took the momentum directly to the next set. The winners first paired up three weeks ago at Birmingham, where they reached the semifinals and then at Hertogensbosch, where they were runner-ups. King said they never thought about winning the tournament but just kept concentrating on one match at a time. The winners knocked off the three seed Nadia Petrova and Samantha Stosur, the fifth seed Liezel Huber and Bethanie Mattek-Sands and sixth seeds Kveta Peschke and Katarina Srebotnik on their march to the championship. Although both players had reached finals in mixed doubles before, the win was their first Grand Slam Championship of any kind. Vesnina and Zvonareva established themselves as a team to be reckoned with when they knocked out top seeds Venus and Serena Williams in the quarterfinals. The win prevented the Americans from claiming their fifth consecutive title. Mix Doubles – Leander Paes and Cara Black Leander Paes and Cara Black won Wimbledon 2010 mix Doubles Title India’s Leander Paes and Zimbabwean Cara Black claimed their third Grand Slam Mixed Doubles Championship and made a strong case as the best mixed doubles team in the world. Paes-Black were runner-ups at last year’s Wimbledon and at U.S. Open before striking gold at this year’s Australian Open. In the finals, the 2nd seeded Paes-Black put down a strong challenge from another veteran team, 11th seeded Wesley Moodie and Lisa Raymond 6-4, 7-6(5). Ironically, Paes won his first mixed doubles event 11 years ago playing with Raymond. The 37-year old has now won six mixed titles. Paes won the Wimbledon title in 2003 alongside Martina Navratilova. The win marked the third Grand Slam championship for Paes and Black, having won the U.S. Open in 2008 and in Melbourne earlier this year. The Junior Singles – Boys – Marton Fucsovics Marton Fucsovics Won Boys Single Title Hungarian Marton Fucsovics downed Australian Ben Mitchell 6-4, 6-4 to become the first Hungarian boy to win the Junior Championship at Wimbledon. The 18-year old used his big forehand to overcome an early break in the first set. Fucsovics had also beaten the 17-year Mitchell in the junior quarterfinals in the Australian Open. When Mitchell gained the early break, it appeared he might rattle the Hungarian. But at 1-3, Fucsovics ran off five of the next six games to steal the set. In the second set, the pair exchanged early breaks before the winner broke in the final game. Mitchell netted a forehand to seal the outcome. After the match, Mitchell was optimistic, saying that he needed to improve his net game to be ready to do better in the U.S. Open. The Junior Singles – Girls – Kristyna Pliskova Kristyna Pliskova Won Girls Single Title at Wimbledon 2010 Czech phenom Kristyna Pliskova started quickly before a full house at Court One and gained the upper hand against Japan’s Sachie Ishizu. The Czech won the first set in just 28 minutes and held off the rallying Ishizu 6-3, 4-6, 6-4 to claim the junior championship. Kristyna landed 77% of her first serves in the opening set. Ishizu seemed a bit overwhelmed by the setting and was late to the ball on several occasions before she finally got untracked. When she did, she played with the intensity and focus that enabled the unseeded finalist to defeated Britain’s Laura Robson and highly regarded Irina Khromacheva in earlier rounds. Beginning with the second set, the players engaged in long baseline rallies that seemed to favor Ishizu. After dropping the second set and trailing 2-4 in the third, the Czech rallied behind her big serve and volley game going on to win the final four games. Kristyna’s twin sister, Karolina, won the Australian Open Juniors to establish themselves as the dominant junior women players and pose interesting possibilities for the future. The Ladies Invitational – Martina Navratilova and Jana Novotna Martina Navratilova and Jana Novotna won The Ladies Invitational Trophy at Wimbledon 2010 When Martina Hingis and fan-favorite Anna Kournikova agreed to play, the All England Club lowered the age restriction to 29 so the former championship team could play. But in the finals, seniority mattered as oft-time champions Martina Navratilova and Jana Novotna overcame Tracey Austin and Kathy Rinaldi Stunkel. Renowned baseliners Austin and Stunkel seized an early break but could not hold up to the net pressure applied by the winners in the 7-5, 6-0 finals. Austin and Stunkel upset Hingis and Kournikova 7-5, 7-6 (4) on Friday to eliminate the “dream team”. It was quite a feat for Navratilova, who just completed radiation therapy two weeks ago. The match was played before a full house on Court One. The Ladies Invitational featured the strongest field in years with former singles stalwarts Navratilova, Hingis, Austin, Novotna and Martinez all participating.	i don't know
Which player famously cried on the Duchess of Kent's shoulder after losing the final of the Ladies Singles at Wimbledon in 1993?	BBC News \| THE BBC TEAM \| Novotna tips Tauziat for title Saturday, 24 June, 2000, 15:01 GMT 16:01 UK Novotna tips Tauziat for title Third time lucky: Jana Novotna took the title in 1998 Jana Novotna is tipping French outsider Natalie Tauziat, who she defeated in the 1998 Ladies Singles final, to finally take the Wimbledon crown. A member of the BBC's TV team at this year's Championships, Novotna said: "I would really like to see Natalie Tauziat win, and I think she can do it. "She has been on the Tour for many years and is the last remaining grass court player we have on the women's circuit, and I know it would be one of her biggest dreams come true if she succeeds. "She has a tough opener against Cim Klijsters of Belgium, but if she can get past her she can go all the way." Surprised Novotna, who famously cried on the Duchess of Kent's shoulder after losing the 1993 final to Steffi Graf, retired last year but says she is not missing life on the professional circuit. She told BBC Radio tennis correspondent Iain Carter: "My life has changed dramatically, but I have made a good adjustment. Tauziat: could this be her year? "I know a lot of players struggle when they finally make their decision to to retire - they don't know what to do, they're used to the routine - but I seem to be doing fine. "I'm no longer travelling as much, and I spend most of my time at home, keeping myself busy with plenty of other things. I'm enjoying playing golf and going skiing, and doing a bit of work such as here at Wimbledon. "I like to go and play tennis for about half an hour or 45 minutes at a time but that's about it. I'm glad I no longer have to do all that physical activity on a daily basis." Different Three-times Wimbledon finalist Novotna said the fact that no one player is currently dominating the women's game is "nice for the players and very attactive for the spectators". She added: "It's a very wide open Wimbledon this year, and I think we'll see yet another different Grand Slam champion. "Mary Pierce is playing awfully well lately, and Conchita Martinez has done it once before (in 1994) and definitely has a chance. "It will also be nice to see the Williams sisters back in the game, competing with the likes of Hingis and Davenport." Search BBC Sport Online	Jana Novotná
What was the name of Adam and the ants first album called?	BBC - Press Office - Wimbledon 2010 press pack: biographies for radio team Category: Sport ; BBC One ; BBC Two ; 5 Live ; New Media ; BBC HD Richard Bacon Richard Bacon presents his own show on BBC Radio 5 Live, Mondays to Thursdays, from 2-4pm. He will be a key voice presenting Radio 5 Live's Wimbledon coverage in 2010. Richard was born in 1975 and grew up in Mansfield, Nottingham. His first job in the media was as a roving reporter for BBC Radio Nottingham, from 1994 to 1996. In 1996, he joined Live TV as a presenter and then got his big break when he joined the BBC's flagship children's programme Blue Peter at the beginning of 1997. Richard went on to present such shows as The Big Breakfast and Top Of The Pops. He has also presented programmes on BBC One, BBC Three, Channel 4, Five and Sky One across a variety of genres. In addition to his TV work, Richard has developed a successful radio career as a national presenter, hosting drivetime shows on Capital FM and Xfm. Richard left Xfm at the end of March 2007 to pursue other broadcasting interests, including presenting BBC Three's Castaway Exposed, and guest presenting Five's The Wright Stuff, ITV's This Morning and BBC Two's Something For The Weekend. His current television work includes narration for BBC Three's Most Annoying list shows and Brit Cops on Bravo. Richard has made recent cameo appearances in The Thick Of It, Hotel Babylon and FM and currently has monthly columns in Loaded magazine (reviewing films) and Esquire magazine. Richard started his evening show on Radio 5 Live in October 1997, which he presented for two years before moving to his current afternoon slot. He also presents a Saturday show, from 3-5pm, on BBC 6 Music. Richard is a popular Twitterer with 1.3 million followers (@richardpbacon). Clare Balding A former leading amateur flat jockey and champion lady rider, Clare's speciality is horse racing but she also covers a wide variety of other sports and assignments. She began her BBC career with Radio 5 Live in 1993, presenting the racing bulletin on Danny Baker's Morning Edition. Clare was appointed as BBC Sport's TV racing presenter in December 1997. She first presented Wimbledon with Simon Mayo on 5 Live in 2003 and will also be on commentary duties this year. Iain Carter Radio 5 Live's Iain Carter has covered many of the world's top sporting events. He is BBC Radio's golf correspondent and also commentates on major tennis and rugby tournaments throughout the year. In 1991, he joined BBC World Service sport and covered cricket tours in the West Indies, South Africa and Zimbabwe, as well as rugby union. He has also covered golf's Open Championships and Ryder Cups for BBC Radio and BBC World Service since 1993. Iain moved to 5 Live in 1995, where a year as the breakfast show's sports presenter was followed by a stint on the F1 Grand Prix circuit during Damon Hill's champion season. In rugby union for 5 Live he has commentated on the 1995, 2003 and 2007 World Cups and is a regular commentator for the Six Nations tournament. Iain began commentating on tennis in 1997 and in 2002 won the ATP Media Excellence Award. Iain succeeded Tony Adamson as BBC Radio golf correspondent in 2003. Pat Cash Pat was a popular winner of the men's singles title at Wimbledon in 1987, famously climbing through the seats on Centre Court to embrace his family after beating Ivan Lendl in straight sets. Earlier that year, he lost a tough five-setter to Stefan Edberg in the final of the Australian Open. Born in Melbourne in May 1965, he turned pro in 1982 and reached his highest ranking of World No. 4 in 1988. In 1984, he became the youngest player to compete in the Davis Cup final, helping Australia to defeat Sweden 3-2. Annabel Croft After taking up tennis at the age of nine, Annabel became, at 15, the youngest Briton to play at Wimbledon for nearly 100 years. In 1984 she became junior Wimbledon Champion and a year later raised her first senior tournament trophy in San Diego. Annabel retired from the international circuit at 21, having established herself as British No. 1, ranked in the world's Top 25. She has since carved a career in television, most recently filming Famous Rich And Homeless – a BBC One documentary in which the subjects swap their lifestyle to live rough on the streets. Annabel also works as a tennis anchor for Eurosport and as summariser and commentator on Radio 5 Live. In addition to her TV and radio work, she undertakes celebrity tennis coaching clinics and exhibitions throughout the country and has recently set up The Annabel Croft Tennis Academy, which coaches over 100 schoolchildren in after-school clinics. Judy Murray Judy Murray is perhaps best known as the mother of young British No. 1 Andy Murray and his brother, Jamie, Wimbledon mixed doubles champion in 2007. Judy was the former Scottish No. 1 and won 64 national titles during her playing career. She is also the former Great British hard courts ladies doubles champion and represented Great Britain at the World Student Games. She has been a Scottish National coach for eight years. She will be a pundit in Radio 5 Live’s commentary team this year. Jana Novotna Jana Novotna won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998 and endeared herself to the public in 1993 when she cried on the shoulder of the Duchess of Kent after losing the Wimbledon singles final. Jana is from the Czech Republic and, in her 14-year career, has won 100 titles – 24 singles and 76 doubles – including 12 Grand Slam women's doubles titles and four Grand Slam mixed doubles titles. Jana retired from the professional tour in 1999 and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2005. She will be a key part of Radio 5 Live's commentary team this year. Jonathan Overend Jonathan Overend is Radio 5 Live's tennis correspondent. He joined BBC Essex in 1989, while still studying for his A levels, later becoming sports producer and then presenter of the Drivetime show. In 1997 he joined BBC Radio Sport to work on Radio 5 Live as a reporter and presenter and took over as the main tennis reporter in 2003 and correspondent a year later. Jonathan has commentated on Roger Federer's Grand Slam titles and has also closely followed Andy Murray's career out of the junior ranks and into the world top three. Michael Stich Michael Stich won the men's singles at Wimbledon in 1991, when he beat Jim Courier, defending Wimbledon champion Stefan Edberg and three-time winner Boris Becker in consecutive rounds for the title. He has also won the men's doubles at Wimbledon and the Olympics. Michael began playing tennis aged six and won the German national junior singles title in 1986. That year he posted a 13-match winning streak which included reaching the quarter finals at the US Open and winning titles in Stuttgart, Schenectady and Vienna. He also played the most singles and doubles on the tour – 149 matches. Other career highlights include leading his country to the Davis Cup title against Australia in 1993. Michael served on the ATP Tour Player Council in 1991 and has an overall playing record of 35-11 (21-9 in singles). He began the Michael Stich Foundation in November 1994 to help HIV-positive children in Germany. Michael is a seasoned BBC broadcaster across Radio 5 Live and BBC TV, and hosts his own Radio 5 Live show weeknight evenings with key interviews throughout the tournament. Jeff Tarango One of tennis' most flamboyant characters, Jeff Tarango is a former US professional tennis player who won 16 singles and doubles titles during his career. He gained notoriety at Wimbledon in 1995 for defaulting a match by leaving the court after a dispute over a serve ruling. Jeff retired from the professional tour in 2002 and now devotes his time to coaching and broadcasting, joining Radio 5 Live in 2007. Todd Woodbridge Todd Woodbridge was arguably one of the top doubles players in the world for most of the Nineties and into the early 2000s. With fellow Australian Mark Woodforde he won a record 61 ATP doubles titles, including 11 grand slam events. After Woodforde retired from the tour in 2000, Todd established a partnership with Jonas Björkman that resulted in five Grand Slam event titles in four years. He also partnered Mahesh Bhupathi for a year before retiring in 2005 with a total 83 ATP tournament wins in doubles to his name, an all-time record. Todd commentates on the Australian Open for the Seven Network in Australia and joined the Radio 5 Live commentary team in 2007.	i don't know
Who sang the song Maniac from the movie Flashdance?	"Maniac" - FlashDance (Take 1) - YouTube "Maniac" - FlashDance (Take 1) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Mar 20, 2010 ...............NB!! Wait for the music to kick in!! This is another interpretation of the mood and movement of this phenomenal movie, starring Jennifer Beals and directed by Adrian Lyne in 1983. Enjoy! "Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use." Flashdance is a 1983 American romantic musical film that was the first collaboration of producers Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer and its presentation of some sequences in the style of music videos was an influence on other 1980s films including Top Gun (1986), Simpson and Bruckheimer's most famous production. Flashdance opened to bad reviews by professional critics but was a surprise box office success, becoming the third highest grossing film of 1983 in the USA. It had a worldwide box-office gross of more than $100 million Its soundtrack spawned several hit songs, among them "Maniac" performed by Michael Sembello and the Academy Award-winning "Flashdance... What a Feeling", performed by Irene Cara, which was written for the film. Adrian Lyne, whose background was primarily in directing TV commercials, was not the first choice as director of Flashdance. David Cronenberg turned down an offer to direct the film, as did Brian de Palma, who instead chose to direct Scarface (1983). Executives at Paramount were unsure about the film's potential and sold 25% of the rights prior to its release. The role of Alex Owens was originally offered to Melanie Griffith, who turned it down. Producers wanted an unknown for the part. The audition for the part of Alex Owens was narrowed down to a final shortlist of three candidates, Jennifer Beals, Demi Moore, and Leslie Wing[6] before Beals won the part. Flashdance is often remembered for the sweatshirt with a large neck hole that Jennifer Beals wore on the poster advertising the film. Beals said that the look of the sweatshirt came about by accident when it shrank in the wash and she cut out a large hole at the top so that she could wear it again. The role of Nick Hurley was originally offered to KISS lead man Gene Simmons, who turned it down because it would conflict with his "demon" image. Pierce Brosnan, Robert De Niro, Richard Gere, Mel Gibson, Tom Hanks and John Travolta were also considered for the part. Kevin Costner, a struggling actor at the time came very close for the role of Nick Hurley, that went to Michael Nouri. Thank you so much for loving this video!!! -------------------- Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. Thank you! "Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use." Category	Michael Sembello
Ginger Baker was the drummer from which band?	Maniac by Michael Sembello Songfacts Maniac by Michael Sembello Songfacts Songfacts This was featured in the movie Flashdance, which starred Jennifer Beals as a welder by day, dancer by night. Phil Ramone, who was the music supervisor on the movie, produced the track. He also made another contribution to the movie: after seeing some kids breakdancing in New York City, he alerted the movie's producer, who shot footage of the dancers that was used in the film. Sembello wrote this with his songwriting partner Dennis Matkosky, who got the idea when he saw the William Lustig movie Maniac, which is about a serial killer who stalks his victims in New York City. Sembello told us: "He came up with the original kernel of inspiration and to me with the basic idea and groove and I believe the temporary lyrics for the chorus he had were: 'He's a maniac, maniac that's for sure He will kill your cat and nail him to the door' That direction obviously wasn't going to work at which point the genius of Phil Ramone, producer of the soundtrack who had the vision to see the potential of the song, asked us to change it to the present concept of a girl possessed with the passion of a gift for dance. Without Phil it would not have happened." Sembello added: "It was nominated for an academy award and was disqualified according to 'academy rules' because the song was changed from the original and was not originally written solely for the film, which pisses me off to this day." (Thanks for Michael Sembello for the info. To learn more, check out michaelsembello.com .) This was accidentally included on a tape of Sembello's songs his wife sent to Paramount for consideration in Flashdance. The studio loved it and used it in the movie. The dance scenes in the video (and the movie), were performed by body double Marine Jahan. It was a well-kept secret that Jennifer Beals did not dance in the movie. The video was the first to use nothing but scenes from the movie. It started a movie/music cross-promotion trend (Pretty Woman, Dirty Dancing, etc.). This was commonly used in aerobics classes, which was a big trend at the time. In 2007, this was used in commercials for Kia cars, which show a Kia salesman doing a similar dance. The idea is that he's making great deals like a Maniac. >> Suggestion credit:	i don't know
What singers real name is Michael Barratt?	Shakin' Stevens: The Remarkable Career of Michael Barratt (TV Movie 2012) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Shakin' Stevens: The Remarkable Career of Michael Barratt ( 2012 ) 40min Profile of the man who in the 1980s, spent the equivalent of 5 years in the UK singles chart, had more hits in Britain than Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Madonna, and reached the Top 30... See full summary » Director: Title: Shakin' Stevens: The Remarkable Career of Michael Barratt (TV Movie 2012) 9.4/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Add Image Add an image Do you have any images for this title? Edit Storyline Profile of the man who in the 1980s, spent the equivalent of 5 years in the UK singles chart, had more hits in Britain than Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Madonna, and reached the Top 30 no less than 30 times. He entered the Guinness Book of Hit Singles and Albums, following The Beatles for the 1960s, and Elton John for the 1970s, by becoming the biggest selling UK artist of a decade. But these achievements are never celebrated. This film changes that. Written by Anonymous	Shakin' Stevens
Graham Nash from Crosby Stills and Nash was originally a member of which U.K. group?	Shakin' Stevens: The Remarkable Career of Michael Barratt (TV Movie 2012) - IMDb IMDb There was an error trying to load your rating for this title. Some parts of this page won't work property. Please reload or try later. X Beta I'm Watching This! Keep track of everything you watch; tell your friends. Error Shakin' Stevens: The Remarkable Career of Michael Barratt ( 2012 ) 40min Profile of the man who in the 1980s, spent the equivalent of 5 years in the UK singles chart, had more hits in Britain than Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Madonna, and reached the Top 30... See full summary » Director: Title: Shakin' Stevens: The Remarkable Career of Michael Barratt (TV Movie 2012) 9.4/10 Want to share IMDb's rating on your own site? Use the HTML below. You must be a registered user to use the IMDb rating plugin. Add Image Add an image Do you have any images for this title? Edit Storyline Profile of the man who in the 1980s, spent the equivalent of 5 years in the UK singles chart, had more hits in Britain than Michael Jackson, Duran Duran, and Madonna, and reached the Top 30 no less than 30 times. He entered the Guinness Book of Hit Singles and Albums, following The Beatles for the 1960s, and Elton John for the 1970s, by becoming the biggest selling UK artist of a decade. But these achievements are never celebrated. This film changes that. Written by Anonymous	i don't know
What band consists of Gerard Way, Mikey Way, Ray Toro, Frank Iero and Bob Briar?	Bob Bryar \| My Chemical Romance Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia Edit Bob Bryar was born in Chicago, Illinois, and grew up in the suburbs of Downers Grove. He started experimenting with drumming at the age of four. Bryar attended Eisenhower Junior High School where he received his first music training, playing drums in jazz bands and orchestral ensembles. He later attended Downers Grove South High School, and continued to play in various music groups. Although he initially wanted to focus on jazz and orchestral percussion, Bryar felt that it wasn't something he could "do for the long run and still feel happy with it", so he switched to rock music. [1] His main influences in terms of drumming have been cited as jazz fusion drummer Dave Weckl and Rush drummer and lyricist Neil Peart. [2] Career Edit Having graduated from high school and not able to find people with similar intentions of dedicating to a rock band, Bryar moved to Gainesville, Florida where he worked on a degree in recording engineering from the University of Florida. During this time, he also took MLG a job at Disney World, where he was assigned drumming in The Little Mermaid theme show, and later in the Aladdin stage show. [3] After graduating, Bryar was hired as the house sound man at the House of Blues concert hall in Chicago, where he worked for two years.CRI Still looking to forming a rock band, he then decided to go on the road as a sound engineer and drums technician. From this, he moved upwards to tour managing for various bands including The Used. [4] My Chemical Romance Edit Bryar befriended My Chemical Romance through his capacity as sound technician with The Used on tour. When My Chemical Romance fired their drummer Matt Pelissier in 2004, Bryar was an obvious choice as a replacement. After the band hired him, they had one day of practicing together in New Jersey before filming the "I'm Not Okay (I Promise)" video. Two days after that, they went on tour. [5] The first album Bryar recorded with My Chemical Romance was their third studio album The Black Parade . During the video recording of "Famous Last Words", Bryar suffered serious burns to his leg. The set of the video involved fire, and being at the drumset Bryar was extremely close to the heat; on the last shot of the day, he contracted third degree burns on his left calf which infected his blood and gave him a staph infection. He was later admitted to the hospital. Not initially considered serious, one gig was cancelled and the band flew to England for a short run of gigs and publicity appearances. By the time the band returned to the US, Bryar had to be rushed to the hospital once again. His injury had become infected and potentially life-threatening. [6] In October 2007, during a concert in Newark, New Jersey (opening for Bon Jovi), Bob broke his wrist, which caused the cancellation of some performances of My Chemical Romance and later his temporary replacement. On March 3, 2010, it was announced on the official My Chemical Romance website that Bob Bryar was no longer part of the band. In November 2010, in an interview for the Spin, producer Rob Cavallo commented on Bryar's departure: "It quickly became apparent that [Bryar] was obstructing their creative process.. it was a sad thing, but he was throwing water on their fire". The band wished him luck on his future endeavours. Bob's Beard Bryar has been growing his beard since early 2011. His twitter updates show himself with said beard, the fans going nuts over it. It reaches down his chest and is light orange in colour. Bob has yet to name his beard. Quotes "It's an honor to play with Ray Toro." "Excelleeeeent!"	My Chemical Romance
By what name did Priscilla White find fame in the world of music?	Bob Bryar/Gerard Way - Works \| Archive of Our Own Bob Bryar/Gerard Way Hormones Summary The first time it happened, Bob was a little shocked. He didn’t really understand why Gerard had him pinned against a locker, kissing him breathless. The noises Gerard had made were also slightly confusing. Bob, however, simply shrugged it off, kissing Gerard back. Language:	i don't know
By what other name is Jonas Altberg better known?	Altberg - Meaning And Origin Of The Name Altberg \| WIKINAME.NET Altberg Name Number: 2. Meaning: Partnership, Sense, Other, Passive, Assistance, Acceptance, Intimacy, Peace Songs about Altberg: Sahara (Altberg Remix) by Kreis from the Album 4 Djs Only - Techno, Vol. 1 Sahara (Altberg Remix) by Kreis from the Album Electronic Music Society New York Winter Edition Sahara (Altberg Remix) by Kreis from the Album Between Ep Books about Altberg: The Sutton House McCook Nebraska Architect Frank Lloyd Wright - 2008 by Donald Morgan; John Altberg GEORGES BATAILLE Ou l'envers de la philosophie: 89 (Camion Noir) (French Edition) - Feb 18, 2014 by Frédéric Altberg Marco Altberg - Coleção Aplauso (Em Portuguese do Brasil) - 2011 by 0 Anomalies of Water and the Crystalline Structure of Ice (Anomalii Vody i Kristallicheskaya Struktura lda) - 1972 by V. Y. Altberg On the Centers or Nuclei of Water Crystallization (O Tsentrakh ili Ladrakh Kristallizatsii Vody) - 1972 by V. Y. Altberg Under the Glacier - Mar 8, 2005 by Halldor Laxness and Magnus Magnusson A Brave Man Seven Storeys Tall: A Novel (P.S.) - Jul 7, 2015 by Will Chancellor Dead Aim: A Novel - Feb 14, 2006 by Thomas Perry Anita Loos Rediscovered: Film Treatments and Fiction by Anita Loos, Creator of "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes" - Nov 10, 2003 by Anita Loos and Cari Beauchamp Latvijas Dzelzcelu Lokomotives (Latvian Language Edition) - 2005 by Toms Altbergs Pitkin Public School District Number Five - Oct 8, 2010 by Myron D. Dillow SPY SAT DOWN BESIDE HER - Jul 1, 2005 by Kenneth Byrns Wiki information Altberg: Basshunter Eurodance Artist, Broadcast Artist, Musical Artist, TV Actor, Musician, Award Nominee, Person, , Record Producer, Award Winner Jonas Erik Altberg, better known by his stage name Basshunter /ˈbeɪs.hʌn.tər/, is a Swedish singer-songwriter, record producer, and DJ. He is best known for his number one hits "Boten Anna", "Vi sitter i Ventrilo och spelar DotA", "Now You're Gone"... Marco Altberg Film director, Film producer, Person, Topic Marco Altberg is a film director, a film producer and a screenwriter. Marcela Altberg Actor, Person, Topic, Film casting director Marcela Altberg is an actress and casting director. Ebbe Altberg Maria Altberg is a film editor. Eric Barclay Actor, Film actor, Deceased Person, Topic, Person Eric Barclay was a Swedish film actor. Barclay became a prominent actor in French silent films of the early 1920s, often working with director Jacques de Baroncelli. He also appeared in German and British films, and those of his native Sweden. Emmanuel Altberg	Basshunter
Doctor Who's companion Leela went on to star in which soap?	1000+ images about Basshunter Jonas Altberg on Pinterest \| Stage name, Alex reid and Pretty boys Learn more at gettyimages.com Basshunter - Portraits Portrait of Swedish producer and singer-songwriter Basshunter (Jonas Erik Altberg) photographed in London. Basshunter is contestant in Celebrity Big Brother 2010. Job: 63947 Ref: CME - Pin Learn more at gettyimages.com Basshunter - Portraits Portrait of Swedish producer and singer-songwriter Basshunter (Jonas Erik Altberg) photographed in London. Basshunter is contestant in Celebrity Big Brother 2010. Job: 63947 Ref: CME - Pin Learn more at gettyimages.com Basshunter - Portraits Portrait of Swedish producer and singer-songwriter Basshunter (Jonas Erik Altberg) photographed in London. Basshunter is contestant in Celebrity Big Brother 2010. Job: 63947 Ref: CME - Pin Learn more at gettyimages.com Basshunter - Portraits Portrait of Swedish producer and singer-songwriter Basshunter (Jonas Erik Altberg) photographed in London. Basshunter is contestant in Celebrity Big Brother 2010. Job: 63947 Ref: CME - Pin Learn more at gettyimages.com Basshunter - Portraits Portrait of Swedish producer and singer-songwriter Basshunter (Jonas Erik Altberg) photographed in London. Basshunter is contestant in Celebrity Big Brother 2010. Job: 63947 Ref: CME - Pin	i don't know
What is the name of the Daleks home planet?	Skaro - The Daleks - The Doctor Who Site Skaro Home of the Daleks The planet Skaro and the Dalek city Skaro was home to the Kaleds and Thals. A Nuclear war broke out between the two races. The Kaleds chief scientist Davros created a casing for mutated Kaleds, he called it a ‘Mark 3 travel machine’ later to be known as a Dalek. The Planet Skaro The planet itself has very rarely been shown. The image on the left is Skaro getting destroyed in Remembrance of the Daleks. The image on the right is Skaro from the 1996 TV Movie where the Doctor was taking the Masters remains from Skaro back to Gallifrey, the Daleks didn’t feature in this story. Skaro after the Kaled / Thal war The Daleks were not aware that any Thals survived the war as they could not leave their city. The Daleks coundn’t leave the city as it provided the static electricity they needed to operate. The Thals had evolved and adapted to the radiation. Below are some pictures of the Dalek city, the map on the right charts the history of the Thals. The Emperor on Skaro The second time the Doctor saw Skaro was in The Evil of the Daleks. This time the Daleks were controlled by the Emperor that lived in the middle of the new Dalek city. During the Kaled / Thal War The Thals and Kaleds were at war with each other, both lived in seperate domes on Skaro. Davros betrayed the Kaleds as they wouldn’t allow him to complete his Daleks. Davros helped the Thals launch a nuclear attack on the Kaled dome wiping out the Kaled race. Destroyed Skaro A destroyed and presumably abandoned Skaro was shown briefly in Asylum of the Daleks. A Dalek agent had been sent to capture the Doctor and take him to the Parliament of the Daleks spaceship. Skaro After the Time War In The Magician’s Apprentice Skaro returned with Davros and the Supreme Dalek in command. Daleks from different eras were seen inside the city and hovering/flying outside the buildings.	Skaro
Name the Doctor's robotic companion from the episode The Kings Demons?	"Doctor Who" Asylum of the Daleks Quotes \| Planet Claire Quotes Anamaria Marinca David Gyasi Jenna Coleman Zac Fox Darla: First there were the Daleks. And then there was a man who fought them. And then in time he died. There are a few, of course, who believe this man somehow survived and that one day he will return. For both our sakes, dearest Hannah, we must hope these stories are true. The Doctor : I got your message. Not many people can do that—send me messages. Darla Von Karlsen (Anamaria Marinca): I have a daughter. Hannah. She’s in a Dalek prison camp. They say you can help. The Doctor : Do they? I wish they’d stop. The Doctor : Hell of a chosen meeting place. Darla: They said I’d have to intrigue you. The Doctor : Skaro. The original planet of the Daleks. Look at the state of it. Who told you about me? Darla: Does it matter? The Doctor : Maybe not. But you’re very well-informed. The Doctor : If Hannah’s in a Dalek prison camp, tell me, why aren’t you? Darla: I escaped. The Doctor laughing: No. Nobody escapes the Dalek camps. You’re very cold. {he feels her face} Darla: What’s wrong? The Doctor : It’s a trap. Darla: What is? The Doctor : You are. And you don’t even know it. {she partially transforms into a Dalek and shoots him} Dalek: The Doctor is acquired! Photoshoot PA (Zac Fox): Um, your husband is here. Amy : I don’t have a husband. Photoshoot PA: Ah, well apparently you still do. Rory : You have to sign these. Amy : And then we’re not married? Rory : Just like magic. {she hurriedly signs them} Amy : Can’t chat. Working. Rory : Really? I thought you were just pouting at a camera. {he leaves} Dalek: Amelia Pond is acquired! Dalek: Rory Williams is acquired! Rory : Where are we? {he sees a Dalek fleet outside} So how much trouble are we in? The Doctor walking in: How much trouble, Mr. Pond? Out of ten? Eleven. Amy : Where are we? Spaceship, right? The Doctor : Not just any spaceship. The Parliament of the Daleks. Be brave. Amy : What do we do? The Doctor : Make them remember you. The Doctor : Well come on then. You’ve got me. What are you waiting for? At long last! It’s Christmas! Here I am! {he prepares to die} Dalek: Save us. You will save us. The Doctor : I’ll what? Dalek: You will save the Daleks. Dalek Parliament: Save the Daleks! Save the Daleks! The Doctor : Well. This is new. Oswin (Jenna-Louise Coleman): Day 363. The terror continues. Also, made another soufflé. Very nearly. Check defenses. They came again last night. Still always at night. Maybe they’re vampires. Oh! And it’s my mom’s birthday. Happy Birthday, mum. I did make you a soufflé but it was too beautiful to live. Daleks outside the door: You will let us enter! We will enter! Rory : What’s he doing? Amy : He’s chosen the most defendable area in the room, counted all the Daleks, counted all the exits, and now he’s calculating the exact distance we’re standing apart and starting to worry. Oo! And look at him frowning now. “Something’s wrong with Amy and Rory and who’s gonna fix it?” And he straightens his bow tie. We have arrived. Prime Minister of the Daleks: Doctor. Darla: The Prime Minister will speak with you now. The Doctor : Do you remember who you were before they emptied you out and turned you into their puppet? Darla: My memories are only reactivated if they are required to facilitate deep cover or disguise. The Doctor : You had a daughter. Darla: I know. I’ve read my file. The Doctor : Well? Prime Minister: What do you know of the Dalek Asylum? The Doctor : According to legend you have a dumping ground. A planet where you lock up all the Daleks that go wrong. The battle-scarred, the insane, the ones even you can’t control. Which never made any sense to me. Prime Minister: Why not? The Doctor : Because you’d just kill them. Prime Minister: It is offensive to us to extinguish such divine hatred. The Doctor : Offensive? Prime Minister: Does it surprise you to know that Daleks have a concept of beauty? The Doctor : I thought you’d run out of ways to make me sick. But hello again. You think hatred is beautiful? Prime Minister: Perhaps that is why we have never been able to kill you. Darla: The Asylum. It occupies the entire planet. Right to the core. The Doctor : How many Daleks are down there? Darla: A count has not been made. Millions certainly. The Doctor : All still alive? Darla: It has to be assumed. The Asylum is fully-automated. Supervision is not required. Darla: The Daleks are always armed. Rory : What color? {they look at him} Sorry, there weren’t any good questions left. Darla: The signal is being received from the very heart of the Asylum. {a song from Bizet’s Carmen is heard} Prime Minister: What is the noise! Explain! Explain! Rory : Sorry, what? The Doctor : It’s me, playing the triangle…. Okay, I got buried in the mix. The Doctor : Carmen! Lovely show! Someone’s transmitting this. Have you considered tracking back the signal and talking to them? {silence} He asked the Daleks. Oswin: Hello. Are you real? Are you actually properly real? The Doctor : Yeah, confirmed. Actually properly real. Oswin: Oswin Oswald. Junior Entertainment Manager, Starship Alaska. Current status: crashed and shipwrecked somewhere… not nice. Been here a year, rest of the crew missing. Provisions good, but keen to move on. The Doctor : A year? Are you okay? Are you under attack? Oswin: Some local lifeforms. Been keeping them out. The Doctor : Do you know what those lifeforms are? Oswin: I know a Dalek when I hear one, yeah. The Doctor : What have you been doing on your own against the Daleks for a year? Oswin: Making soufflés? The Doctor : Soufflés. Against the Daleks. He’s amused, then: Where’d you get the milk? Prime Minister: This conversation is irrelevant! The Doctor : No it isn’t. Because a starliner’s crashed into your asylum and someone’s got in. And if someone can get in then everything can get out. A tsunami of insane Daleks! Even you don’t want that. Prime Minister: The Asylum must be cleansed. The Doctor : Then why is it still here? You’ve got enough fire power on this ship to blast it out of the sky. Darla: The Asylum force field is impenetrable. The Doctor : Turn it off. Darla: It can only be turned off from within the Asylum. The Doctor : A small taskforce could sneak through a force field Send in a couple of Daleks. {realizing} Oh. Ah, that’s good. That’s brilliant. You’re all too scared to go down there. Not one of you will go. So tell me, what do the Daleks do when they’re too scared? Dalek: The predator of the Daleks will be deployed. The Doctor : You don’t have a predator and even if you did, why would they turn off a force field for you? Prime Minister: Because you will have no other means of escape. Darla: May I clarify? The Predator is the Dalek’s word for you. The Doctor : The what? The nanowhat? Darla: The gravity beam will convey you close to the source of the transmission. You must find a way to deactivate the force field from there. The Doctor : You’re going to fire me at a planet? That’s your plan? I get fired at a planet and expected to fix it? Rory : In fairness that is slightly your M.O. The Doctor : Don’t be fair to the Daleks when they’re firing me at a planet! The Doctor : What do you want with them? Dalek: It is known the Doctor requires companions. Rory : Oh, brilliant. Good-o! The Doctor : Soufflé Girl? Oswin: You could always call me Oswin. Seeing as that’s my name. You okay? The Doctor : How’re you doing in there, eh? {he taps the periscope} This is Dalek technology. Oswin: Well it’s very easy to hack. The Doctor : No it isn’t! Where are you? Oswin: Ship broke up when it hit. I’m somewhere underground I think. You coming to get me? Harvey (David Gyasi): We came down two days ago. There’s twelve other escape pods. I don’t know what happened to them. Amy : Alaska. That’s the same ship as Soufflé Girl. The Doctor : Yeah. Except she’s been here a year. The Doctor about the Alaska crew: They’re dead. All of them. Harvey: That’s not possible. I just spoke to them. Two hours ago we were doing engine repairs. The Doctor : Sure about that, are you? ‘Cause I’d say they’ve all been dead for a very long time. Harvey: But they can’t have been. Amy : Well they didn’t get in this state in two hours. Harvey: Of course. Stupid me. Amy : Of course what? Harvey: I died outside and the cold preserved my body. I forgot about dying. {he turns into a Dalek} Amy : Explain! That’s what you’re good at. How’d he get all Dalek’ed The Doctor : Because he wasn’t wearing one of these. Oh ho ho. That’s clever! The nanocloud. Microorganisms that automatically process any organic matter—living or dead—into a Dalek puppet. Anything attacks this place it automatically becomes a part of the onsite security. Amy : Living or dead? The Doctor : These wristbands protect us. The only thing stopping us going exactly the way he did— Amy : Doctor, shut up! Living or dead? The Doctor : Yes exactly, living or— {the skeletons become Dalek} Oh dear. Amy : Is it bad that I’ve really missed this? Oswin: Oh! Mr. Grumpy. Bad combo. No sense of humor and that chin. Amy : Is that her again, Soufflé Girl? The Doctor : Yeah. She— Oy! What is wrong with my chin? Oswin: Careful dear. You’ll put someone’s eye out. The Doctor : How can you hack into everything? It should be impossible. You’re in a crashed ship! Oswin: Long story. Is there a word for total screaming genius that sounds modest and a tiny bit sexy? The Doctor : Doctor. You call me the Doctor. Oswin: See what you did there. The Doctor : Speaking of Rory, is there anything that you want to tell me? Amy : Are we going to do this now? Amy : Doctor, what’s going to happen to me, seriously? Tell me, what? Dalek: Ex- ex- ex- . Rory : Eggs? You mean those things? Dalek: Ex— ! Rory : I don’t… I don’t know what you want. Those things? Are those things eggs? {he picks one up} This? You want this? Dalek: Ex…ter… min… ate! Oswin: Run! The door at the end, . They’re waking up, they’re slow. The door at the end, just run. Now now now! {Rory makes a run for it} So. Anyway. I’m Oswin. What do I call you? Rory : Ah, I can’t remember. Ah… Rory. Oswin: Lovely name, Rory. First boy I ever fancied was called Rory. Rory : Okay. Oswin: Actually she was called Nina. I was going through a phase. Just flirting to keep you cheerful. {the Daleks can be heard in the distance} Rory : Okay, anytime you want to start flirting again is fine by me. Amy : So tell me, what’s going to happen to me? And don’t lie to me, because I know when you’re lying to me and I’ll definitely fall on you. The Doctor : The air all around is full of micromachines. Robots the size of molecules. Nanogenes. Now that you’re unprotected you’re being rewritten. Amy : So what happens, I get one of those things sticking out of my head? The Doctor : Hang on to scared. Scared isn’t Dalek. Oswin: Hey there, Binky Boy. Rory : If it’s a straight choice I prefer Nina. Oswin: Loving this. The nose and the chin. You two could fence. Oswin: Okay, you’re safe for now. Pop your shirt off, quick as you like. Oswin: Does there have to be a reason? The Doctor : Oswin, can you hear me? Oswin: Hello, the Chin! I have a visual on you. The Doctor : Why don’t I have a visual on you? Why can’t I ever see you? Oswin: Limited power, bad hair—take your pick. The Doctor : Identify me. Access your files. Who am I? Come on, who’s your daddy. Dalek: You are the Predator. The Doctor : Access your standing orders concerning the Predator. Dalek: The Predator must be destroyed. The Doctor : And how are you going to do that, Dalek? Without your gun you’re a tricycle with a roof. How are you going to destroy me. Dalek: Self destruct initiated. Amy : What’s it doing? The Doctor : It’s going to blow its up. And I with it. Only weapon it’s got left. Dalek: Self destruct cannot be countermanded! The Doctor : I’m not looking for a countermand, dear. I’m looking for reverse. Rory : Who killed all the Daleks? The Doctor : Who do you think? Rory : Will sleeping help her? Will it slow down the process? Oswin: Better hope so. Because pretty soon she’s going to try and kill you. The Doctor : Same old Amy. Oswin: Do you know how you make someone into a Dalek? Subtract love, add anger. Doesn’t she seem a bit too angry to you? Amy : Well. Somebody’s never been to Scotland. The Doctor : What about you though, Oswin? How come you’re okay? Why hasn’t the nanocloud converted you? Oswin: I mentioned the genius thing, yeah? Shielded in here. The Doctor : Clever of you. Now, this place. The Daleks said it was fully-automated. But look at it in here. It’s a wreck. Oswin: Well I’ve had nearly a year to mess with them and… {looks around} not a lot else to do. The Doctor : A junior entertainment manager hiding out in a wrecked ship, hacking the security systems of the most advanced warrior race the universe has ever seen. But you know what really gets me about you, Oswin. The soufflés. Amy : The soufflés? The Doctor : Where do you get the milk for the soufflés? Seriously, is no one else wondering about that? Rory : No! Frankly, no. Twice. Oswin: So. Doctor. I’ve been looking you up. You’re all over the database. Why do the Daleks call you “the Predator”. The Doctor : I’m not a predator. I’m just a man with a plan. Oswin: You’ve got a plan? Rory : We’re all ears. Amy : There’s a nose joke going if someone wants to pick that one off. The Doctor : In no particular order, we ned to neutralize all the Daleks in this Asylum, rescue Oswin from the wreckage, escape from this planet, and fix Amy and Rory’s marriage. Amy : Okay, I’m counting three lost causes. Anyone else? Rory : But you said when the force field is down the Daleks will blow us up. The Doctor : We’ll have to be quick, yes. Amy : Fine, we’ll be quick. But where do we beam to? The Doctor : The only place within range. The Dalek ship. Amy : Then they’d exterminate us on the spot. Rory : Oh, so this is the kind of escape plan where you survive about four seconds longer. The Doctor : What’s wrong with four seconds? You can do loads in four seconds. The Doctor : Oswin, how soon can you drop the force field? Oswin: I can do it from here. As soon as you come get me. The Doctor : No, just drop the force field and come to us. Oswin: There’s enough power in that teleport for one go. Why would you wait for me? The Doctor : Why wouldn’t I? Oswin: No idea. Never met you. Sending you a map so you can come get me. Rory : This place is crawling with Daleks. Oswin: Yeah. Kind of why I’m anxious to leave. Come up and see me sometime. Rory : So. Are we going to go get her? The Doctor : I don’t think that we have a choice. The Doctor : Okay, as soon as the force field is down the Daleks will attack. If it gets too explode-y wode-y in here, you go without me, okay? Rory : And leave you to die? The Doctor : Oh, don’t worry about me. You’re the one beaming up to a Dalek ship to get exterminated. Rory : Fair point. Love this plan! Rory : Amy, basic fact of our relationship is that I love you more than you love me. Which today is good news because it might just save both of our lives. Amy : How can you say that? Rory : Two thousand years, waiting for you outside a box. Say this isn’t true. And since you know it’s true, give me your arm. Amy! {she slaps him} Amy : Don’t you dare say that to me. Don’t you ever dare. Rory : Amy, you kicked me out! Amy : You want kids, you have always wanted kids. Ever since you were a kid. And I can’t have them! Rory : Just give me your arm! Amy : Don’t touch me! {they realize she has a nanocloud bracelet on} Rory : It’s the Doctor’s. When you were sleeping. Amy : A Time Lord. What’s to bet he didn’t even need it. Rory : Then why didn’t he just tell us! {Cut to the Doctor fixing his bow tie} The Doctor : Oswin. I think I’m close. Oswin: You are. Less than twenty feet away. Which is the good news. The Doctor : Okay. And the bad, which I suddenly feel is coming. Oswin: You’re about to pass through intensive care. The Doctor : What’s so special about this lot then? Oswin: Don’t know. Survivors of particular wars. Spiridon [Gamble]. [Iridius] Vulcan. Exxilon. Ringing any bells? The Doctor : All of them. Oswin: Yeah? How. The Doctor : These are the Daleks who survived me. Oswin: Tell me I’m cool, Chin Boy. The Doctor : What did you do? Oswin: Hang on, I think I found the door thingie. The Doctor : No, tell me what you did. Oswin: The Daleks, they have a hive mind. Well they don’t, but they have a sort of telepathic web. The Doctor : The pathweb, yes. Oswin: I hacked into it. Did a master delete on all the information connected with the Doctor. The Doctor : But you made them forget me. Oswin: Good, huh? And here comes the door. The Doctor : I tried hacking into the pathweb. Even I couldn’t do it. Oswin: Come meet the girl who can. The Doctor : Oswin. We have a problem. Oswin: No we don’t. Don’t even say that. Joined the Alaska to see the universe, ended up stuck in a ship-wreck first time out. Rescue me, Chin Boy, and show me the stars. The Doctor : Does it look real to you? Oswin: Does what look real? The Doctor : Where you are right now. Does it seem real? Oswin: It is real. The Doctor : It’s a dream, Oswin. You dreamed it for yourself because the truth was too terrible. Oswin: Where am I? The Doctor : Because you are a Dalek. Oswin: I am not a Dalek! I am not a Dalek! I’m human. The Doctor : You were human when you crashed here. It was you who climbed out of the pod. That was your ladder. Oswin: I’m human. The Doctor : Not anymore. Because you’re right. You’re a genius. And the Daleks need genius. They didn’t just make you a puppet. They did a full conversion. The Doctor : Oswin, I am so sorry. But you are a Dalek. The milk, Oswin. The milk and the eggs for the soufflé. Where—where—did it all come from? Oswin: Eggs… The Doctor : It wasn’t real. It was never real. Oswin: Eggs… ter… min… ate. Exterminate… Oswin: Why do they hate you so much? They hate you so much. Why? The Doctor : I fought them many, many times. Oswin: We have grown stronger in fear of you. The Doctor : I know. I tried to stop. Oswin: Then run. The Doctor : What did you say? Oswin: I’m taking down the force field The Daleks above have begun their attack. Run! The Doctor : Oswin, are you— Oswin: I am Oswin Oswald. I fought the Daleks and I am human. Remember me. Oswin: Run! {to herself} Run, you clever boy. And remember. Rory : How long can we wait? Amy : The rest of our lives. Dalek: The Asylum is destroyed! Dalek: Incoming teleport from Asylum planet. we are under attack! Dalek: Prepare to defend! Defend! Dalek: Explain, Dalek Supreme. The Doctor : You know, you guys should really have seen this coming. The thing about me and teleports, I’ve got a really good aim. Pinpoint accurate, in fact. Or, to put it another way: suckers! Dalek: Identify yourself! Daleks: Identify! Identify! The Doctor : Well it’s me. You know me. The Doctor. The Oncoming Storm. The Predator. Darla: Titles are not meaningful in this context. Doctor who? Dalek: Doctor who? The Doctor : Oh, Oswin. Oh, you did it to them all. You beauty. Dalek: Doctor who! Doctor who! The Doctor : Fellas, you’re never gonna stop asking. Amy invites Rory into the house and walks in herself, leaving Rory to celebrate Amy : I can see you.	i don't know
Who played the first Doctor?	11 Actors Who Have Played The Doctor \| Mental Floss 11 Actors Who Have Played The Doctor Image credit: Like us on Facebook There have been many actors who have portrayed the Doctor in various settings, but eleven have been the official Doctors. We'll look at all of them here. 1. William Hartnell Veteran character actor William Hartnell was born in 1908 to humble beginnings; his mother was unwed, he never knew his father, and his first career move was into petty crime. A boxing instructor got him started on horse racing, but he found his real passion when he got a job as a stagehand at the age of 18. He quickly got into acting, working constantly with only a break to serve in World War II in an armored regiment. He ended up typecast in comic tough-guy roles (you can see one of them in The Mouse That Roared), and when Verity Lambert offered him the part of a mysterious time traveler in an educational show aimed at children, he jumped at the part. He created a character who was highly intelligent but not always as wise as he thought himself, brilliant but forgetful, cantankerous but with a deep compassion under the surface. He enjoyed the role tremendously, but by 1966, his health was deteriorating due to arteriosclerosis and he had to quit. The producers came up with the idea of having his character transform into a new actor, and Hartnell suggested Patrick Troughton, who was approached and accepted the part. Hartnell reprised his role once more for the tenth anniversary special, "The Three Doctors," but his health had deteriorated more than the production crew realized and his part had to be rewritten to accommodate his capabilities; it was his final work as an actor, and he passed away in 1974 at the age of 67. 2. Patrick Troughton Born in 1920, Patrick Troughton went directly into an acting career and was undergoing formal training in New York City when World War II broke out. He returned to England and joined the Navy, where he had a decorated career before returning to the theater, gaining a reputation as a reliable and versatile character actor. In 1953, he became the first person to play Robin Hood on television and found a succession of television, film, and radio roles afterward before Innes Lloyd, the new producer of Doctor Who, approached him in 1966 about succeeding William Hartnell in the title role. He ended up playing the role as what series creator Sydney Newman called a "cosmic hobo," inspired partly by silent film star Charlie Chaplin — brilliant, a bit egotistical, and also a bit of a comedian. He'd sometimes play the recorder, a significant change from the First Doctor, who had no apparent musical talent, and it was during this era that the sonic screwdriver was first seen. After three years, he decided to move on, although he returned three more times to reprise the role, in "The Three Doctors," "The Five Doctors," and "The Two Doctors." He returned to his work as a character actor after his time on Doctor Who, working hard despite doctors' advice due to major heart problems. In 1987, he defied doctor's orders to stay in the country and recuperate and went on one more convention tour. He died on March 27, 1987, in Columbus, Georgia. (I actually saw him once, and got his autograph, earlier in the same U.S. tour. He seemed in good health, but, well, he was a very good actor.) Acting was in his blood; several of his children and grandchildren have gone into acting. The youngest of these is Harry Melling, whom Harry Potter fans know as Dudley Dursley. 3. Jon Pertwee Born in 1919, and thus actually a year older than the man he would replace, Jon Pertwee was born into a family that already had a lot of actors in it. Like the first two Doctors, he joined the military in World War II; although his service wasn't as distinguished as Troughton's, he did acquire an interesting souvenir: he woke up one morning after a drunken shore leave to find a tattoo on his arm, which made a brief appearance in his debut episode of Doctor Who. After the war, he became known as a comic actor on stage, television, and film. When he heard that the part of the Doctor had become available, he inquired and discovered he was already on the shortlist, and ultimately was cast. He played the character as an action hero with an almost James Bond flair, wearing opera capes and driving souped up cars (including the spaceship-like Whomobile, which actually belonged to Pertwee himself, built on commission by a custom car builder). After five seasons, he departed the role. His career didn't falter afterwards, and in 1979 he found his second children's TV role in Worzel Gummidge. He returned to the part of the Doctor for "The Five Doctors." Like Troughton before him, he kept up the convention circuit, meeting with his fans frequently, and he died of a heart attack in Connecticut on May 20, 1996. (One odd coincidence—Pertwee's godfather was the actor Henry Ainley, whose son Anthony later took on the part of the Master, originated by Roger Delgado during Pertwee's tenure.) 4. Tom Baker Born in 1934 to a Catholic working class family in Liverpool, Baker first tried a career as a monk, then joined the military, serving as an orderly in a military hospital, before settling on acting as his career. In the '60s, he was a part of the National Theatre company under Lawrence Olivier, and in 1971 broke into film as Rasputin in Nicholas and Alexandra. In 1974, producer Barry Letts cast him as the Doctor. His interpretation was as arrogant and egotistical as all his predecessors, and just as determined to do good, but more eccentric, often described as "bohemian." The Fourth Doctor is particularly famous for his ridiculously long scarf, which resulted from a miscommunication between costume designer James Acheson and the knitter hired to produce it; Acheson never specified a length, and bought far too much yarn, so the knitter just kept going until it was all used up. Baker performed the part for a record-breaking seven seasons before retiring from it. After leaving, he had a brief marriage to costar Lalla Ward (the Second Romana), but it fell apart when both realized they'd really fallen in love with the other one's character, not the actor—an occupational hazard, unfortunately—and they parted amicably. He continued working on stage and screen, and is still active. 5. Peter Davison Born Peter Moffett in 1951 (he chose the stage name "Davison" because there was already a Peter Moffatt on the English stage), Davison began work at Nottingham Playhouse and got into television in 1975 alongside the woman who would become his wife, Sandra Dickinson. (Sci-fi fans will remember her as Trillian in the BBC TV miniseries version of Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy; it was her idea to get Davison into a big rubber suit to play the Dish of the Day in the same series.) But his first really big break was the role of Tristan Farnon, a young country veterinarian, in All Creatures Great and Small. In 1981, he got his next big break when he was signed on to succeed Tom Baker as the Doctor. Only 29 at the time, he was the youngest to play the role until Matt Smith in 2010. His Doctor had his little quirks, but was much less eccentric than his predecessor, save for a stick of celery he wore on his lapel and a preference for cricket attire. He left after three seasons. He returned for non-canon productions and the very short charity special "Time Crash," opposite David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor, the only "classic" Doctor to appear on the new series. After Doctor Who, he starred in A Very Peculiar Practice, Campion, and a revival of All Creatures Great and Small, as well as an assortment of other roles; he is still acting. His daughter from his first marriage, Georgia Moffett, later appeared on Doctor Who as well, the first child of a Doctor to appear on the show, in "The Doctor's Daughter" as, well, the Doctor's sort-of daughter. And that led, in a roundabout way, to Peter Davison becoming David Tennant's father-in-law, but more on that later... 6. Colin Baker Born in 1943 (and of no relation to Tom Baker), Colin Baker initially studied law with the intention of becoming a solicitor, but at 23, found a different calling and became an actor. He had a smattering of television roles before appearing on Doctor Who in 1983 as Commander Maxil, commander of the chancellory guards on Gallifrey in "The Arc of Infinity." This got him onto producer John Nathan-Turner's radar, and he was cast as the Sixth Doctor after Peter Davison's departure. His tenure as the Doctor was a difficult one, marred by the battle of the production team with BBC leadership who hoped to see the series die. His costume was wildly garish, and he even attempted to kill his own companion in a fit of madness. But Baker put everything into the part and, although fans are mixed in their opinion of his Doctor, it cannot be denied that he threw himself into it, creating a Doctor who underwent a substantial amount of character development in two seasons. Unfortunately, the BBC1 Controller, Michael Grade, had never been a fan of the program and, after the troubled season 23, "Trial of a Time Lord," Colin Baker was fired despite having a full series left in his contract. He remains enthusiastic about the series despite that, however, and has lent his talents to numerous fan-made and non-canon productions. Following his time on Doctor Who, he moved primarily into theater, but still does occasional film and television work as well. 7. Sylvester McCoy Born Percy James Patrick Kent-Smith in Dunoon, Scotland, in 1943, Sylvester McCoy would become the first non-English actor to play the part. (To date, there has been only one other: Scottish actor David Tennant.) He never knew his father, who died in World War II shortly before he was born, and he was raised in Dublin, Ireland. He tried a variety of careers before joining a comedy/vaudeville act called "The Ken Campbell Roadshow." One of the parts he played was a fictitious stuntman named Sylveste McCoy; confused reviewers thought it was his actual name, and he eventually adopted it as a stage name (adding an "r" to the first name to make it look better). In 1987, Doctor Who came out of a year-long hiatus following the firing of Colin Baker, and Sylvester McCoy was cast as the Seventh Doctor. His performance was evocative of the Second Doctor, and clearly informed by his comedy background, but in his second season became increasingly dark. The series was indefinitely suspended in 1989, ending the bulk of his tenure, although he returned for the American-produced Doctor Who movie in 1996, to film a regeneration scene to transition to Paul McGann. Following his work on Doctor Who, he worked extensively in theater and radio; he was nearly Governor Swann in Pirates of the Caribbean and even more nearly Bilbo Baggins in The Lord of the Rings. He recently traveled to New Zealand to film the part of Radagast the Brown for The Hobbit. 8. Paul McGann Born in Liverpool in 1959, Paul McGann would ultimately have the shortest tenure as Doctor. He was born to a large family, and all four of the McGann boys went into acting. He played a series of roles on television before landing one of the two title roles in Withnail and I, playing Peter Marwood, the "I" of the title who is never named in the movie itself. He performed in a number of films after that, including American films, and was cast as Richard Sharpe, but a football injury just after filming started meant the number two, Sean Bean, got the part instead, and McGann ultimately walked away with a two million pound insurance settlement to compensate for the lost work and career advancement. In 1996, he was cast in an attempted revival of Doctor Who, filmed largely in Vancouver, British Columbia, and set in San Francisco, which was intended as a "back door pilot." It received very good ratings in the UK, but failed to interest US studios. That was the end of that effort, but Paul McGann went on to pursue a respectable film and television career. Recently, he has recorded audio plays featuring the Eighth Doctor — the BBC does not consider these plays canon — including a "do-over" of "Shada," a story written and partially recorded for the Fourth Doctor's tenure, but that was left uncompleted due to industrial action. 9. Christopher Eccleston Born in 1964 to a working class family in Manchester, Eccleston pursued an acting career right out of school. He broke into film and television in the early '90s, keeping very busy and receiving multiple awards for his work in television before producer Russell T. Davies cast him as the Ninth Doctor in a newly revived Doctor Who. He played the part in more ordinary dress than his predecessors and with his natural Northern accent. Eccleston was the first Doctor younger than the series itself (by a few months) and the first other than Hartnell to have never seen it prior to being cast. He studied "The Talons of Weng-Chiang" (a Fourth Doctor serial), which was then newly released on DVD, as preparation, and came up with a Doctor who was every bit as egotistical as his predecessors, mischievous and impulsive, but also shadowed with massive grief—sometime in the untransmitted interim, his race had gone to war with the Daleks, and he was now the only Time Lord left. He was also in some way responsible for the fact that the Time Lords were now extinct. He was only contracted for one season, due to uncertainty whether the BBC would even be interested in commissioning a second season; miscommunications with the BBC marred his departure, as he was mistakenly reported to have quit due to issues with the crew when, in fact, it had been planned that way from the outset. He resumed his intense schedule after Doctor Who and, in 2011, earned the International Emmy Best Actor award for his role in Accursed. 10. David Tennant David McDonald was born in 1971 in West Lothian, Scotland, later taking the name David Tennant as his given name was already in use by another performer. He was a born Whovian, and at the age of three announced his intention to go into acting because of it. A precocious actor, he managed to enter the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama at 16. He performed a variety of roles, including many with the Royal Shakespeare Company, and began breaking into television in the 2000s. In 2005, he appeared in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire as Barty Crouch, Jr., and appeased his inner Whovian by appearing in the Big Finish audio productions that sort of worked around the edges of Doctor Who continuity and in the abortive attempt at an online animated series, The Scream of the Shalka. He achieved his lifelong dream in 2005 when he was cast as the Tenth Doctor. He elected not to use his natural Scots accent for the part, affecting an Estuary accent, and played it a more confident and more vengeful Doctor than Eccleston. During his first season, he became the first Doctor to appear with someone from the classic series, when Elizabeth Sladen reprised her role as Sarah Jane Smith in "School Reunion." That prompted a spinoff series called The Sarah Jane Adventures, and he appeared in an episode of Season Three of that show. He also provided voice work for two animated series, The Infinite Quest and Dreamland (the latter of which was referenced twice on The Sarah Jane Adventures). After three full seasons and a series of one-off specials in 2009, Tennant left the series, saying that he had to leave while he still could; any later and he wouldn't be able to bring himself to quit. After leaving the series, he became engaged to actress Georgia Moffett, Peter Davison's daughter. The two have since married and have a daughter together. 11. Matt Smith Born in 1982 in Northhampton, Matt Smith initially dreamed of becoming a professional football player. ("Soccer" to us Yanks, of course.) A back injury put a stop to that, and his drama instructor at school pushed him into acting. He began to study drama and creative writing. He appeared in a variety of stage and television roles, but it was a complete surprise to most when he was cast as the Eleventh Doctor, the youngest ever to take the part. Producer Steven Moffatt had been going for someone in his mid-40s, but was particularly taken by Smith's oddball demeanor and ability to look very old indeed. His Doctor was played as an absent-minded professor, complete with tweed jacket and bowtie (which he obliviously insists is cool), with a sometimes mercurial disposition. He has also appeared on The Sarah Jane Adventures and has provided voice work for a series of video games. He has been signed for an additional 14 episodes, so will be the Doctor for at least three seasons. Like Eccleston, Smith was largely unfamiliar with the series before accepting the role, but he had an excuse—he was only seven when the series went on hiatus. (And now some of us can start feeling old!)	William Hartnell
Which singer/comedien appeared in a Doctor Who film?	From William Hartnell to Matt Smith: What the Doctors did next \| The Independent From William Hartnell to Matt Smith: What the Doctors did next Neela Debnath looks back at the careers of the Doctors after leaving the Tardis Friday 22 November 2013 09:24 BST Click to follow From William Hartnell to Matt Smith: What the Doctors did next 1/22 BBC 2/22 William Hartnell (centre) as the Doctor alongside Dracula and Frankenstein's monster in 'Doctor Who' episode 'The Chase' in 1965 Getty Images 3/22 Patrick Troughton in 'Doctor Who' serial 'The Web of Fear', one of nine long-lost episodes of Doctor Who which have not been seen since the 1960s but which have been recovered after they were tracked down to a store room in Nigeria PA 4/22 English actor Patrick Troughton holding one of his own paintings outside at his home in Teddington, London in 1981. The work is a copy of Monet's 'Poppy Field' Getty Images Jon Pertwee played the third Doctor and here poses with a Dalek Getty Images Jon Pertwee as scarecrow Worzel Gummedge Getty Images 7/22 Tom Baker as the Doctor and Mary Tamm as his companion Romana on the set of 'Doctor Who' Getty Images 8/22 Tom Baker at a 'Doctor Who' audio recording session London, five-part adventure, 'Hornet's Nest'. Since 'Doctor Who' he has done a lot of voice work, most notable as the narrator on 'Little Britain' Rex Features 9/22 Actor Peter Davison dressed as the fifth Dr Who in the Tardis at BBC Television Centre in 1981 Getty Images 10/22 Peter Davison now, the actor has gone on to star in television shows such as 'Law and Order UK' and 'Lewis'. He even made a guest appearance as the Doctor in the Children in Need special 'Time Crash' opposite David Tennant (left) BBC 11/22 Colin Baker as the sixth incarnation of the Doctor and one of the most underrated actors to have taken on the role BBC 12/22 Lewis Bradley as Jack (centre) and Colin Baker as Fleshcreep (right) perform during the traditional pantomime Jack and the Beanstalk on stage at the Theatre Royal Bath. Getty Images Sylvester McCoy as a quizzical incarnation of the Time Lord BBC 14/22 Sylvester McCoy at the world premiere of 'The Hobbit' movie in which he plays a wizard called Radagast the Brown Getty Images Paul McGann who played the Doctor for one adventure in the 1996 film BBC 16/22 Paul McGann has gone on to star in numerous television shows, here is a shot from ITV's 'A Mother's Son'. Rex Features Christopher Eccleston as the Doctor and Billie Piper as his companion Rose Tyler BBC Christopher Eccleston in 2007 Hollywood film 'The Dark Is Rising' Rex Features 19/22 David Tennant as the tenth Doctor, standing alongside companion his companion Rose Tyler played by Biller Piper BBC David Tennant's most famous role post-'Doctor Who' as surly police officer Alec Harding in 'Broadchurch' ITV Doctor Who star Matt Smith BBC 22/22 Matt Smith will be leaving 'Doctor Who' in December, he has been working on Ryan Gosling's directorial debut 'How to Catch a Monster' in the US Getty Images The 11 Doctors There is a myth that once a Doctor Who actor leaves the role they are forever typecast as the Time Lord and end up running their careers into the ground. But is that criticism fair? We take a look back at the careers of the men who have played the Doctor. William Hartnell Time Lord tenure (1963-1966) William Hartnell left Doctor Who due to his ailing health. After his time on the show he starred in several other things, including police drama series Softly, Softly: Taskforce and No Hiding Place. He also had a role in the thriller Tomorrow at Ten which was to be his last film appearance before his death in 1975. His deteriorating health was limiting but he did reprise his role as the Doctor for the show's 10th anniversary special in 1973. Hartnell's tenure as the first Doctor has ensured his legacy as a great actor. Most recently, archive footage featuring him as the first Doctor was used on an episode of Doctor Who. William Hartnell (centre) as the Doctor alongside Dracula and Frankenstein's monster in 'Doctor Who' episode 'The Chase' in 1965 Patrick Troughton: Time Lord tenure (1966-1969) After stepping off the Tardis, Troughton had numerous film and television roles, including The Omen, Coronation Street and The Sweeney. He even appeared in the first ever episode of Inspector Morse. It seems that for Troughton, Doctor Who may have been the highlight of his career as he never reached such success in subsequent roles. He also made an appearance in the 20th anniversary special The Five Doctors. Alongside acting, Troughton painted and even produced a copy of Monet's 'Poppy Field'. Sadly, he died of heart attack in 1987, however his legacy does live on. The eleventh Doctor, Matt Smith, has stated that the second Doctor is his favourite, and his performance has inspired his own incarnation of the Time Lord. English actor Patrick Troughton holding one of his own paintings Jon Pertwee: Time Lord tenure (1970-1974) Jon Pertwee bowed out of Doctor Who and went on to play the scarecrow Worzel Gummidge in the children's programme of the same name. To a generation of children he was known as the Doctor, and to another he was known as the friendly scarecrow, achieving success even after Doctor Who. Pertwee did reprise the role of the Doctor in the 20th anniversary special in 1983. He passed away in 1996 at the age of 76. Jon Pertwee as scarecrow Worzel Gummedge Tom Baker: Time Lord tenure (1974-1981) Possibly one of the greatest and most famous of the Doctors, Baker has said Doctor Who was one of the nicest jobs he ever did but also killed his career. He played the part for seven years - the longest that any actor has done so. While his career never really took off or matched the popularity of Doctor Who, he had parts in television shows such as Monarch of the Glen in the noughties and the Dungeons and Dragons film flop starring Jeremy Irons. It is Baker's voiceover work that has been keeping him going, his booming sonorous tones have been on everything from The Magic Roundabout to Little Britain. Both Matt Lucas and David Walliams were Doctor Who fans and asked Baker to be their narrator. The actor has even written a dark children's story called The Boy Who Kicked Pigs about a nasty little boy who gets his comeuppance after causing a series of 'unfortunate accidents'. Baker's deliciously dark wit comes through. Like all Doctor Who stars, Baker is a firm fixture on the Science Fiction convention circuit. Tom Baker at a 'Doctor Who' audio recording session London, five-part adventure, 'Hornet's Nest'. Since 'Doctor Who' he has done a lot of voice work, most notable as the narrator on 'Little Britain' Peter Davison: Time Lord tenure (1981-1984) The youngest actor to play the Doctor, Davison was already known for his work on All Creatures Great and Small and The Tomorrow People. Since leaving Doctor Who, Davison has remained a permanent fixture on British television and starring in everything from Miss Marple, Heartbeat, Jonathan Creek, Midsomer Murders and At Home with the Braithwaites. More recently he has been a guest star on sitcom Miranda and is currently in Law and Order UK, in which he starred alongside Doctor Who actress Freema Agyeman, who played companion Martha Jones opposite David Tennant's Time Lord. Doctor Who has never really left Davison on a personal level because his daughter Georgia Moffet starred in a recent episode of the show. While working on the show Moffet met her future husband Tennant, so Davison is now the father-in-law to another Doctor. Davison reprised the role of the Doctor several time since leaving the show, most recently in a Children in Need special called Time Crash. Peter Davison now, the actor has gone on to star in television shows such as 'Law and Order UK' and 'Lewis'. He even made a guest appearance as the Doctor in the Children in Need special 'Time Crash' opposite David Tennant (left) Colin Baker: Time Lord tenure (1984-1986) Considered by many to be the worst Doctor - which is simply not true - the actor has continued to have a strong career. Although his work does not reach the heights of his Doctor Who stardom, Baker has had roles in both television and most notably on stage. He has starred in stage roles including She Stoops To Conquer, H.M.S. Pinafore and The Woman in White. Baker was in the first episode of television show Jonathan Creek and Dangerfield. Last year he took part in reality television show in I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! and came eighth out of 12. Like all Doctor Who actors, Baker plays the Doctor in audio plays produced by Big Finish and is also on tour on the convention circuit. Baker has continued to have success which suggests that his time of Doctor Who did not spell the end of his career. Lewis Bradley as Jack (centre) and Colin Baker as Fleshcreep (right) perform during the traditional pantomime Jack and the Beanstalk on stage at the Theatre Royal Bath. Sylvester McCoy: Time Lord tenure (1987-1996) He was the last actor to play the Doctor after the show got cancelled. All was quiet for a while but in the mid-nineties McCoy took on the role of the Doctor again for the 1996 move and handed over the Doctor Who baton to Paul McGann. There had been the Doctor Who 30th special Dimensions in Space but McCoy was step back onto the Tardis briefly for the 1996 film. The movie was a backdoor pilot which saw McCoy's Doctor meet an unfortunate end after he was shot dead in the streets of San Francisco. McCoy then went on to do plays parts on stage, including The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe and the Fool to Ian McKellan's King Lear. McCoy was Peter Jackson's second choice to play Bilbo Baggins in The Lord of the Rings trilogy but ultimately lost out to Ian Holm. However, McCoy most recently played a wizard called Radagast the Brown in Jackson's The Hobbit trilogy. He is set to reprise his role for The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug. Sylvester McCoy as Radagast the Brown in 'The Hobbit' Paul McGann: Time Lord tenure (1996) Although McGann had the shortest of tenures as the Doctor, he has been associated with role ever since. In order to create cohesion between the television series and the film, McGann recently took on the mantae of the Doctor again for The Night of the Doctor , a mini-episode in the run-up to the 50th anniversary. Following his first turn as the Time Lord in 1996, McGann has worked in several films such as The Queen of the Damned and Lesbian Vampire Killers. But he has had more success on British television, featuring in numerous programmes. Some of his most recent work has been on ITV's A Mother's Son and BBC's Ripper Street and Luther. Despite playing the Doctor, McGann has managed to avoid being typecast. Paul McGann as the Doctor in 'Night of the Doctor' (BBC) Christopher Eccleston: Time Lord tenure (2005) The actor who helped bring back Doctor Who in 2005 left after one series in the role. After exiting the show, Eccleston went on to play roles in US science fiction superhero show Heroes. He also played John Lennon in the television biopic Lennon Naked and a man forced into drug dealing in the critically acclaimed The Shadow Line. He has also had success on the big screen in Hollywood films including G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra, The Dark is Rising and Thor: The Dark World. Time and again Eccleston continues to leave critics and audiences moved by his brilliant performances and he is having a successful career after Doctor Who. Christopher Eccleston in 2007 Hollywood film 'The Dark Is Rising' David Tennant: Time Lord tenure (2005-2010) Recently voted the nation's favourite Doctor, Tennant has had a tough time leaving behind his Time Lord past. Playing the Doctor sent his profile soaring however, he has taken on numerous roles since leaving. His biggest success to date was as the hard-bitten cop Alec Hardy in ITV's crime drama Broadchurch. He has also taken on a number of different roles on stage, including Hamlet opposite Patrick Stewart, Benedick in Much Ado About Nothing and currently playing the title role in Richard II. The Scottish star will be back on our screens again in The Day of the Doctor as the tenth Doctor. It will take a long time before Tennant can fully free himself of the mantle of the Doctor but it is interesting to watch his career progress. David Tennant's most famous role post-'Doctor Who' as surly police officer Alec Harding in 'Broadchurch' Matt Smith: Time Lord tenure (2010-2013) We have two more adventures left with the eleventh Doctor but Matt Smith has already filmed them and is moving on to other things. During his time as the Time Lord, Smith did play various roles in other projects, including Christopher Isherwood in Christopher and His Kind and Bert Bushnell in Bert and Dickie. He also played a character in Ryan Gosling's directorial debut How to Catch a Monster, which required him to shave off his hair. But Smith is not resting on his laurels, the actor recently made his own debut in the directing chair with a short film called Cargese. Smith will be taking on the role of the murderous Wall Street banker Patrick Bateman in a musical adaptation of American Psycho. It's safe to say that Smith is doing everything he can to make sure his most famous role will not be the Doctor with this raft of projects. Matt Smith will be leaving 'Doctor Who' in December, he has been working on Ryan Gosling's directorial debut 'How to Catch a Monster' in the US The ‘Doctor Who’ 50th anniversary special ‘The Day of the Doctor’ will be on 23 November on BBC1	i don't know
The Lord of the Rings was written as a sequel to which book?	The Lord of the Rings series by J.R.R. Tolkien * The History of Middle-Earth The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy trilogy written by English philologist and University of Oxford professor J.R.R. Tolkien. The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's earlier, less complex children's fantasy novel The Hobbit (1937), but eventually developed into a much larger work which formed the basis for the extended Middle-Earth Universe . It was written in stages between 1937 and 1949, much of it during World War II. It is the See also: * The History of Middle-Earth The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy trilogy written by English philologist and University of Oxford professor J.R.R. Tolkien. The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's earlier, less complex children's fantasy novel The Hobbit (1937), but eventually developed into a much larger work which formed the basis for the extended Middle-Earth Universe . It was written in stages between 1937 and 1949, much of it during World War II. It is the third best-selling novel ever written, with over 150 million copies sold. Also known as: * El Señor de los Anillos * Der Herr der Ringe	The Hobbit
At the start of The Fellowship of the Ring, which birthday is Bilbo Baggins celebrating?	Lord of the Rings \| Tolkien Languages \| Fandom powered by Wikia Lord of the Rings Share Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you’ve made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. File:One ring.jpg The Lord of the Rings is an epic fantasy story by J. R. R. Tolkien , a sequel to his earlier work, The Hobbit . It was published in three volumes in 1954 and 1955 . Three movie productions have been made, the first, by animator Ralph Bakshi was released in 1978 (as part one of what was originally to be a two-part adaptation of the story), the second being a 1980 television special, and the third being director Peter Jackson 's film trilogy released in 2001 , 2002 , and 2003 . For more information on the fictional universe the story takes place in, including lists of characters and locations, see Middle-earth . The story's titular character is the Dark Lord Sauron of Mordor . The primary villain of the work, he created the One Ring to control nineteen other Rings of Power, and is thus the "Lord of the Rings." Sauron, in turn, was the servant of an earlier Dark Lord, Morgoth (Melkor), who is prominent in Tolkien's The Silmarillion , the history of Middle-earth. Contents Edit Tolkien did not originally intend to write a sequel to The Hobbit , and instead wrote several other children's tales, including Roverandom and Farmer Giles of Ham . As his main work, Tolkien began to outline the history of Arda , telling tales of the Silmarils , and many other stories of how the races and situations that we read about in The Lord of the Rings trilogy came to be. Tolkien died before he could complete and put together The Silmarillion , but his son Christopher Tolkien edited his father's work, filled in gaps and published in 1977. Tolkien had a deep desire to write a Mythology for England, especially after his horrific experiences during the First World War . He was also influenced by the effects of continued industralisation, where he saw much of the England he loved passing away and became aware of the immense evil in the world. Thus to understand his writings we must be aware of how Tolkien the scholar influences Tolkien the author. His writing of this mythology emerges as an Oxford philologist well acquainted with Northern European Medieval Literature including the great mythic works such as the Hervarar saga , the Völsunga saga , the influential Beowulf as well as other Old Norse, Old and Middle English Texts. He was also inspired by non-Germanic works such as the Finnish epic Kalevala . A man who had created his first language by the age of seven, he was driven by a desire to write a mythology for England influenced by his exposure and expertise of these ancient traditions. The need for such a myth was often a topic of conversation in his meetings with The Inklings , fellow Oxford scholars who have been described as Christian Romantics, meeting weekly and discussing Icelandic myths and their own unpublished compositions. Tolkien agreed with one of the other members of the group, C.S. Lewis , that if there were no adequate myths for England then they would have to write their own. Tolkien's work has been commonly interpreted in this light. Persuaded by his publishers, he started 'a new hobbit' in December 1937 . After several false starts, the story of the One Ring soon emerged, and the book mutated from being a sequel to the Hobbit, to being, in theme, more a sequel to the unpublished Silmarillion . The idea of the first chapter (A Long-Expected Party) arrived fully-formed, although the reasons behind Bilbo's disappearance, and the significance of the Ring did not arrive, along with the title The Lord of the Rings until spring 1938 . Originally he was going to write another story in which Bilbo had used up all his treasure and was looking for another adventure to gain more; however he remembered the ring and the powers it had and decided to write about that instead. He started to write it with Bilbo as the main character but decided that the story was too serious to use the fun loving Hobbit so Tolkien looked to use a member of Bilbo's family. He thought about using Bilbo's son but this generated some difficult questions — Where was his wife? How could Bilbo let his son go into that kind of danger? — so he looked for an alternate character to carry the ring. In Greek legend, it was a hero's nephew that gained the item of power, and so into existence came the Hobbit Frodo. Writing was slow due to Tolkien's perfectionism, and was frequently interrupted by his obligations as an examiner , and other academic duties. In fact, the first sentence of The Hobbit was written on a blank page a student had left on an exam paper that Tolkien was grading — "In a hole in the ground there lived a Hobbit". He seems to have abandoned the book during most of 1943 and only re-started it in April 1944 . This effort was written as a serial for Christopher Tolkien and C.S. Lewis — the former would be sent copies of chapters as they were written while he was serving in Africa in the Royal Air Force . He made another push in 1946 , and showed a copy of the manuscript to his publishers in 1947 . The story was effectively finished the next year, but Tolkien did not finish revising earlier parts of the work until 1949 . A dispute with his publishers, Allen & Unwin , led to the book being offered to Collins in 1950 . He intended the Silmarillion (itself largely unrevised at this point) to be published along with The Lord of the Rings, but A&U were unwilling to do this. After his contact at Collins, Milton Waldman, expressed the belief that The Lord of the Rings itself 'urgently needed cutting', he eventually demanded that they publish the book in 1952 . They did not do so, and so Tolkien wrote to Allen and Unwin, saying "I would gladly consider the publication of any part of the stuff". Publication Edit For publication, due largely to post-war paper shortages, but also to keep the price of the first volume down, the book was divided into three volumes ( The Fellowship of the Ring : Books I and II; The Two Towers : Books III and IV; and The Return of the King : Books V and VI, 6 appendices). Delays in producing appendices and maps led to these being published later than originally hoped — on the 29 July and 11 November 1954 and 20 October 1955 in the United Kingdom , slightly later in the United States . The Return of the King was especially delayed. He did not, however, much like the title The Return of the King, believing it gave away too much of the storyline. He had originally suggested The War of the Ring which was dismissed by his publishers. The books were published under a 'profit-sharing' arrangement, where Tolkien would not receive an advance or royalties until the books had broken even, but after then take a large share of the profits. An index to the entire 3-volume set at the end of third volume was promised in the first volume. However, this proved impractical to compile in a reasonable timescale. Later, in 1966 , four indices which were not compiled by Tolkien were added to The Return of the King. Because the three-volume binding was so widely distributed, the work is usually referred to as the Lord of the Rings "trilogy". Tolkien himself made use of the term "trilogy" for the work, though he did at other times consider this incorrect, as it was written and conceived as a single novel. A 1999 (Millennium Edition) British ( ISBN 0-261-10387-3 ) 7-volume box set followed the six-book division authored by Tolkien, but with the Appendices from the end of Book VI bound as a separate volume. The letters of Tolkien appear on the spines of the boxed set which includes a CD. The individual names for books in this series were decided posthumously, based on a combination of suggestions Tolkien had made during his lifetime, title of the volumes, and whole cloth — viz: T Book I: The Ring Sets Out O Book II: The Ring Goes South L Book III: The Treason of Isengard K Book IV: The Ring Goes East I Book V: The War of the Ring E Book VI: The End of the Third Age N Appendices The name of the complete work is often abbreviated to 'LotR', 'LOTR', or simply 'LR', and the three volumes as FR, FOTR, or FotR (The Fellowship of the Ring), TT or TTT (The Two Towers), and RK, ROTK, or RotK (The Return of the King). Note that the three titles The Return of the Shadow, The Treason of Isengard and The War of the Ring were used by Christopher Tolkien in The History of The Lord of the Rings . Some locations and characters were inspired by Tolkien's childhood in Sarehole , then a Warwickshire village, now part of Birmingham , and in Birmingham itself. Publication history Edit The three parts were first published by Allen & Unwin in 1954 – 1955 several months apart. They were later reissued many times by multiple publishers, as one, three, six or seven volumes. Two current printings are ISBN 0-618-34399-7 (one-volume) and ISBN 0-618-34624-4 (three volume set). In the early 1960s , Donald A. Wollheim , science fiction editor of the paperback publisher Ace Books , realized that The Lord of the Rings was not protected in the United States under American copyright law because the US hardcover edition had been bound from pages printed in the UK for the British edition. Ace Books proceeded to publish an edition, unauthorized by Tolkien and without compensation to him. Tolkien made this plain to US fans who wrote to him. Grass-roots pressure became so great that Ace books withdrew their edition and made a nominal payment to Tolkien, well below what he might have been due in an appropriate publication. However, this poor beginning was overshadowed when an authorized edition followed from Ballantine Books to tremendous commercial success. By the mid- 1960s the books, due to their wide exposure on the American public stage, had become a true cultural phenomenon. The Second Edition of the Lord of the Rings dates from this time — Tolkien undertook various textual revisions to produce a version of the book that would have a valid U.S. copyright. The books have been translated, with various degrees of success, into dozens of other languages. Tolkien, an expert in philology , examined many of these translations, and had comments on each that illuminate both the translation process and his work. The enormous popular success of Tolkien's epic saga greatly expanded the demand for fantasy fiction . Largely thanks to The Lord of the Rings, the genre flowered throughout the 1960s . Many well-written books of this genre were published (comparable works include the Earthsea books of Ursula K. Le Guin , the Thomas Covenant novels of Stephen R. Donaldson , and in the case of the Gormenghast books by Mervyn Peake , and The Worm Ourobouros by E. R. Eddison , rediscovered. It also strongly influenced the role playing game industry that achieved popularity in the 1970s with Dungeons & Dragons which featured many creatures that could be found in Tolkien's books. As in all artistic fields, a great many lesser derivatives of the more prominent works appeared. The term "Tolkienesque" is used in the genre to refer to the oft-used and abused storyline of The Lord of the Rings: a group of adventurers embarking on a quest to save a magical fantasy world from the armies of an evil " dark lord ", and is a testament to how much the popularity of these books has increased, since many critics initially decried Lord of the Rings as being " Wagner for children" (a reference to the Ring Cycle ) — a specially interesting commentary in light of a possible interpretation of The Lord of The Rings as a Christian response to Wagner, for exemple following ATimes' pseudo-Oswald Spengler . The Books Edit The Lord of the Rings began as a personal exploration by Tolkien of his interests in philology , religion (particularly Roman Catholicism ); fairy tales , and Norse and Celtic mythology . Tolkien detailed his creation to an astounding extent; he created a complete mythology for his realm of Middle-earth, including genealogies of characters, languages, runes , calendars and histories. Some of this supplementary material is detailed in the appendices to The Lord of the Rings, and the mythological history was woven into a large, biblically-styled volume entitled The Silmarillion . J. R. R. Tolkien once described The Lord of the Rings as "a fundamentally religious and Catholic work" he wrote to his friend, the English Jesuit Father Robert Murray, "unconsciously so at first, but consciously in the revision."( The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien , 142). There are many theological themes underlying the narrative, the battle of good versus evil, the triumph of humility over pride, the activity of grace , Death and Immortality, Resurrection, Salvation, Repentance, Self-Sacrifice, Free Will, Humility, Justice, Fellowship, Authority and Healing. In it the great virtues of Mercy and Pity (shown by Bilbo and Frodo towards Gollum) win the day and the message from the Lord's Prayer "And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil" was very much on Tolkien's mind as Frodo struggled against the power of the One Ring (Letters, 181 and 191). Religious motifs other than Christian can be discerned as strong influences in Tolkien's Middle Earth. The pantheon of the Valar and Maiar (greater and lesser gods/angels) responsible for the creation and maintenance of everything from skies (Manwe) and seas (Ulmo), to dreams (Lorien) and dooms (Mandos) suggest a pre-Christian mythology in style, albeit that these Valar and Maiar are themselves creations of a monotheistic entity — Illuvatar or Eru, "The One". Other pre-Christian mythological references can be seen in the representations of: a "Green Man" — Tom Bombadil, wise-men — the Istari (commonly referred to as the Wizards, perhaps more of angels), shapechangers — Beorn, undead spirits — Barrow Wights, Oathbreakers, sentient nonhumans — Dwarves, Elves, Hobbits, and, of course, Ents. Magic is utilised freely in Middle Earth, and may be found not only in the incantations of Wizards, but in the weapons and tools of warriors and craftspeople, in the perceptions and abilities of heroes, and in the natural world itself. Tolkien did repeatedly insist that his works were not an allegory of any kind, and even though his thoughts on the matter are mentioned in the introduction of the book, there has been heavy speculation about the Ruling Ring being an allegory for the atom bomb . However, these comparisons do not withstand a careful look at the facts. Before atomic weapons were first detonated on August 6 and August 9 , 1945 , Tolkien had already completed most of the book, and planned the ending in entirety — an atom bomb had certainly never been the basis for the Ring. However there is a strong theme of despair in front of new mechanized warfare that Tolkien himself had experienced in the trenches of World War One. The development of a specially bred orc army, and the destruction of the environment to aid this have modern resonances. Nevertheless, the author's own opinion on the matter of allegories was that he disliked them, and it would be irresponsible to dismiss such direct statements on these matters lightly. The plot of The Lord of the Rings builds from his earlier book The Hobbit and more obliquely from the history in The Silmarillion , which contains events to which the characters of The Lord of the Rings look back upon in the book. The hobbits become embroiled in great events that threaten their entire world, as Sauron , an evil spirit, attempts to regain the lost One Ring which will restore him to full potency. The Verse of the One Ring Three Rings for the Elven-kings under the sky, Seven for the Dwarf-lords in their halls of stone, Nine for Mortal Men doomed to die, One for the Dark Lord on his dark throne In the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie. One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them, One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them In the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie. The lines : One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them, One Ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them are inscribed in the language of Sauron and Mordor (the Black Speech) on the One Ring itself. Phonetically it would be: Ash nazg durbatulûk, ash nazg gimbatul, ash nazg thrakatulûk agh burzum-ishi krimpatul The storyline Edit The book was characterized as "juvenile balderdash" by American critic Edmund Wilson in his essay " Oo, those awful Orcs ", and in 1961 Philip Toynbee wrote, somewhat prematurely, that it had "passed into a merciful oblivion" [1] . Although she had never read The Lord of the Rings, Germaine Greer wrote "it has been my nightmare that Tolkien would turn out to be the most influential writer of the twentieth century. The bad dream has materialized." W.H. Auden also criticized the book in a 1968 Critical Quarterly article, "Good and evil in The Lord of the Rings," objecting to Tolkien's conception of sentient species that are intrinsically evil without possibility of redemption. (This is a criticism often directed at Dungeons and Dragons -like fantasy worlds as well as at Fantasy literature in general, and a criticism that Tolkien himself increasingly struggled with during his last years.) On the other hand, in a 1956 New York Times book review, "At the end of the Quest, Victory," Auden also called the book "a masterpiece of its genre" that "succeeded where Milton failed" in depicting an epic battle between good and evil, and wrote that it "never violated" the "reader's sense of the credible." Science-fiction author David Brin has criticized the books for unquestioning devotion to a traditional elitist social structure, their positive depiction of the slaughter of the opposing forces, and their romantic backward-looking worldview [2] . Another notable SF writer Michael Moorcock wrote a long and piercing critique of the book under the title Epic Pooh advancing the thesis that it was simply a child's tale written in the language of epic myth. China Mieville , a modern fantasy writer, criticised Tolkien's works as "reactionary." Mieville is also a detractor of later fantasy which draws heavily upon Tolkien's work, based on the idea that such work is cliche. Praise "The English-speaking world is divided into those who have read The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit and those who are going to read them." — Sunday Times "Among the greatest works of imaginative fiction of the twentieth century." — Sunday Telegraph "Here are the beauties which pierce like swords or burn like cold iron." — C.S. Lewis "J.R.R. Tolkien's epic trilogy remains the ultimate quest, the ultimate battle between good and evil, the ultimate chronicle of stewardship of the earth. Endlessly imitated, it never has been surpassed." — Kansas City Star "A story magnificently told, with every kind of colour and movement and greatness." — New Statesman The Lord of The Rings is loved by its fans for its imaginative depth, realism, quality of the work and the ideals in the story. <--! source? --> Peter Jackson said, "…it is as if Tolkien found some secret scroll about the real history of earth…". The Lord of the Rings on film Edit There were plans for the Beatles to do a version of The Lord of the Rings but they came to nothing. It was even said that Stanley Kubrick had looked into the possibility of filming the story, but he abandoned the idea as too "immense" to be made into a movie. In the mid- 1970s , renowned film director John Boorman collaborated with film rights holder and producer Saul Zaentz to do a live action picture, but the project proved too expensive to finance at that time. In 1978 , Rankin-Bass studios produced the first real film adaptation of any Lord of the Rings related material with an animated television version of The Hobbit , which was a precursor to The Lord of the Rings. File:LordoftheRingsAnimatedDVD.jpg Shortly after, Saul Zaentz picked up where Rankin-Bass left off by producing an animated adaptation of The Fellowship of the Ring and part of The Two Towers in 1978 . The Lord of the Rings , originally released by United Artists was directed by Ralph Bakshi and used an animation technique called rotoscoping in which footage of live actors was filmed and then traced over. The film was part one of what was originally to be a two-part adaptation of Tolkien's story, Part I ending after the battle of Helm's Deep, but before Sam, Frodo and Gollum traverse the Dead Marshes , and Part II picking up from where the first film left off. Made for a minimal budget of $8 million dollars, the film was a huge success, earning over $30 million dollars at the box office. File:TheReturnoftheKing.png United Artists viewed the film as a flop, and refused to fund a Part II (covering the rest of the story), leaving the door open for Rankin-Bass to do the work for him with the 1980 animated television version of The Return of the King . However, the Rankin-Bass film picked up from where the book began, and not from where Bakshi's film left off. Additionally, the change in style and character design was quite noticeable. Since this film was targeted to a younger audience, adult enthusiasts have complained that much of the depth and darkness of the book was discarded. The Peter Jackson films The three live action films (supplemented with extensive computer-generated imagery , for example in the major battle scenes, using the " Massive " software) were filmed simultaneously. The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring was released on December 19 , 2001 . The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers was released on December 18 , 2002 and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King was released worldwide on December 17 , 2003 . All three films won the Hugo Award for Best (Long-form) Dramatic Presentation in their respective years. Although some have criticized these films because they have altered the story somewhat and, arguably, have a noticeably different tone from Tolkien's original vision, others have hailed them as remarkable achievements. Peter Jackson 's film adaptations garnered seventeen Oscars (four for The Fellowship of the Ring, two for The Two Towers, and eleven for The Return of the King); these cover many of the awards categories (in fact, The Return of the King won all of the eleven awards for which it was nominated, including Best Picture). With 30 total nominations, the trilogy also became the most-nominated in the Academy's history, surpassing the Godfather series (28). The Return of the King's Oscar sweep is widely seen as a proxy award for the entire trilogy. The Return of the King's 11 Oscars at the 2004 Academy Awards tied it for most awards won for one film with Titanic six years earlier and the 1959 version of Ben-Hur . It also broke the previous "sweep" record, beating Gigi and The Last Emperor (which had gone 9 for 9). The visual-effects work has been groundbreaking, particularly the creation of the emotionally versatile digital character Gollum . The scale of the production alone — three films shot and edited back to back over a period of little more than three years — is unprecedented. The films have also proven to be substantial box office successes. The premiere of The Return of the King took place in Wellington , New Zealand , on December 1 , 2003 and was surrounded by fan celebrations and official promotions (the production of the films having contributed significantly to the New Zealand economy). It has made movie history as the largest Wednesday opening ever. The Return of the King was also the second movie in history (after Titanic ) to earn over 1 billion $US (worldwide). Note, however, that these numbers are all unadjusted for inflation , making their significance questionable. Adjusted for inflation, as of 24 March 2005 , the three films rank (in order of release) as the 71st, 56th, and 48th highest-grossing films in the United States [3] . Fanatics of the films have also flocked to the locations where the trilogy was filmed in New Zealand. With many tour companies being totally devoted to taking fans to and from the filming locations that Director Peter Jackson chose for his epic Trilogy. The Lord of the Rings on radio Edit The BBC produced a 13-part radio adaptation of The Lord of the Rings in 1956 , and a 6-part version of The Hobbit in 1966 . It is uncertain whether Tolkien ever heard either series. No recording of the 1956 series is known to exist, but The Hobbit has survived. It is a very faithful adaptation, incorporating some passing references to The Lord of the Rings and the Silmarillion . A 1979 dramatization was broadcast in the USA and subsequently issued on tape and CD. No cast or credits appear on the audio packaging. Each of the actors was apparently recorded separately and then the various parts were edited together. Thus, unlike a BBC recording session where the actors are recorded together, none of the cast are actually interacting with each other and the performances suffer badly as a result. In 1981 the BBC broadcast a new, ambitious dramatization of The Lord of the Rings in 26 half-hour instalments. See: The Lord of the Rings (1981 radio series) . The Lord of the Rings on stage Edit Mirvish Productions has started rehearsals for a three-hour stage musical adaptation of The Lord of the Rings that will have a cast of over 65 actors and cost C$ 27 million (£11.5 million). The show will be written by Shaun McKenna and Matthew Warchus with music by A. R. Rahman and Värttinä , collaborating with Christopher Nightingale and will be directed by Matthew Warchus . It will open on March 23 2006 at Toronto 's Princess of Wales Theatre , with preview performances from February 2 until March 22 . It is planned to premiere in London in autumn 2006 and New York City within two years. The director explained his vision of the play’s format by saying, "We have not attempted to pull the novel towards the standard conventions of musical theatre, but rather to expand those conventions so that they will accommodate Tolkien's material. As a result, we will be presenting a hybrid of text, physical theatre, music and spectacle never previously seen on this scale. To read the novel is to experience the events of Middle-earth in the mind’s eye; to watch the films is to view Middle-earth as though through a giant window. Only in the theatre are we actually plunged into the events as they happen. The environment surrounds us. We participate. We are in Middle-earth." Pop culture references to The Lord of the Rings Enya recorded the song "Lothlórien" in 1991 and also performed the songs "May It Be" and "Aníron" for the soundtrack of Peter Jackson 's movie The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring . Some songs by the celtic metal band Cruachan , such as "The Fall of Gondolin" ( 1992 ), have been inspired by The Lord of the Rings. The progressive rock group Glass Hammer has numerous Tolkien-influenced songs, including "Nimrodel", and a CD entitled Journey of the Dúnadan ( 1993 ). The TV show Babylon 5 (1993-1998) includes occasional homages to The Lord of the Rings, as well as epic themes drawn from similar mythological roots. See Babylon 5 influences for a more detailed exploration. The TV show Gilmore Girls often has references to The Lord of the Rings in various episodes. The Finnish musicians Nightwish have a song called "Elvenpath" on their album Angels Fall First ( 1997 ) which features a Lord of the Rings sample. The Tolkien Ensemble has created An Evening in Rivendell (1997), A Night in Rivendell (2000) and At Dawn in Rivendell (2003), composing original music to practically all the songs and poems in The Lord of the Rings. A fourth CD is planned. The modern-era hero in Neal Stephenson 's Cryptonomicon ( 1999 ) views himself as a dwarf, his grandfather the cryptanalyst as an elf, an ex- Navy Seal as one of the race of Men, and refers to his nemesis (a psychotic lawyer) as Gollum . He recognizes Enoch the Red as a wizard and, true to form, Enoch appears in the Baroque Cycle as well. The group Nickel Creek has a song called "The House of Tom Bombadil" (Nickel Creek, 2000 ). The Brobdingnagian Bards have named one of their tracks "Tolkien" ( 2001 ), and the remix "The Lord of the Rings". The band Lorien is named after the forest Lothlórien in the novel. The Spanish metal band Lorien released an album in 2002 entitled Secrets of the Eldar with such songs as "The Voice of Saruman". Alan Horvath started writing the songs for The 'Rings Project ( 2004 ) in 1972. Australian band Soundestiny released the album 'Shadow Rising' in 2004; this music was inspired by The Lord of the Rings , but made no actual mentions of Tolkien character-names or place-names. The CD was Part One of a Two-album RingLord saga, the second album being 'Winds of Change' which was released in 2010. Additionally they released 'All that Glitters' in 2009 which was an EP inspired by The Hobbit . There are various metal bands owing their names to Tolkien's fictional languages, such as Aglarond (Mexico), Akallabêth (Sweden), Amon Amarth (Sweden), Almáriel (Russia), Amon Din (Serbia), Anarion (Australia), Arda (Austria), Avatar (Belgium), Azaghal (Finland), Azrael (Spain), Burzum (Norway), Cirith Gorgor (Netherlands), Cirith Ungol (US), Dol Amroth (Greece), Izengard (India), Fangorn (Germany) and many more. Robert Jordan has an inn called "The Nine Rings" in The Great Hunt , and when Rand reads the sign in front of the inn, the book states, 'Rand swung down with a smile and tied Red to one of the hitching posts out front. "The Nine Rings" had been one of his favorite adventure stories when he was a boy; he supposed it still was.' The Swedish New Frontier band Machinae Supremacy uses a blend of two samples, one from The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring that features Australian actor Hugo Weaving , the other from The Matrix (which has the same actor in it), as the introduction to their song 'Hybrid' (the same song also features sounds from a SidStation , a synthesizer that re-creates original C64 sounds). The Lord of the Rings books were one of the main original inspirations for the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game , and hence continue to be a major influence on the entire field of role-playing and computer games having fantasy epic themes. Several games have been based directly on The Lord of the Rings and related works, including, amongst many, SPI 's War of the Ring (1977), Iron Crown Enterprises ' (ICE's) Middle-earth Role Playing game (MERP, 1982-1999) and Middle-earth Collectible Card Game (MECCG, 1995-1999), the Lord of the Rings series of board games by Reiner Knizia (2000 onward), a variant of Risk (2002) as well as The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game (2001) made by Decipher . Satire and parody based on The Lord of the Rings	i don't know
Gollum killed his brother for the One ring. What was his brother's name?	Gollum \| The One Wiki to Rule Them All \| Fandom powered by Wikia — Gollum referring to the Ring Gollum, originally known as Sméagol (or Trahald), was at first a Stoor , one of the three early Hobbit-types. The name Gollum was derived from the sound of his disgusting gurgling, choking cough. His birth can be estimated to have happened in the year TA 2430 . His death date is given as March 25 , 3019 . His life was extended far beyond its natural limits by the effects of possessing the One Ring . At the time of his death, Sméagol was about 589 years old, a remarkable age for a creature that was once a Hobbit , but he had been deformed and twisted in both body and mind by the corruption of the Ring. His chief desire was to possess the Ring that had enslaved him, and he pursued it for many years after Bilbo Baggins found it while walking in the Misty Mountains in the book The Hobbit. In the movies, he was a deuteragonist-turned-secondary antagonist. Contents Sméagol wanting to take the Ring from Déagol before killing him Sméagol in his "journey" into becoming Gollum while beginning to possess the Ring Once a predecessor of the Stoorish Hobbits , Sméagol spent the early years of his life living with his extended family under a Matriarch , his grandmother. Around the year TA 2463 , Sméagol became the fourth Bearer of the One Ring, after Sauron , Isildur , and Déagol . Déagol was his cousin, and on Sméagol's birthday, they went fishing in the Gladden Fields north of the mountains. It was there that Déagol found a gold ring, after being pulled into the water by a large fish. Almost immediately, Sméagol fell to the power of the ring and demanded it as a birthday present. When Deágol refused, Sméagol promptly flew into a barbaric rage and fought with Deagol over the ring, choking him to death and taking the ring as his own. Sméagol was quickly corrupted further by the ring and banished by his people; turned by his grandmother out of her hole, he was forced to find a home in a cave in the Misty Mountains in around TA 2470 . The Ring's malignant influence twisted his Hobbit body, as well as his mind, and prolonged his life far beyond its natural limits. He called it his "Precious" or his "Birthday Present," the latter as a justification for killing Déagol. Life under the Misty Mountains Gollum in The Hobbit He lived in the Misty Mountains for over four hundred years, living on raw blind fish (which he caught from his small row boat), bats and Goblins when he could get them. Indeed, he made a song about raw fish, that he uses as a riddle to Bilbo and much later sings to Frodo in a longer version. In later years, he found Hobbit and Elven food repulsive. During his centuries under the Ring's influence, he developed a sort of dissociative identity disorder : Sméagol, his "good" personality, still vaguely remembered things like friendship and love, while Gollum, his "bad" personality, was a slave to the Ring and would kill anyone who tried to take it. Years later, Samwise Gamgee would name the good personality "Slinker" (for his fawning, eager-to-please demeanor), and the bad personality "Stinker". The two personalities often quarreled when he talked to himself (as Tolkien put it, "through not having anyone else to speak to") and had a love/hate relationship, mirroring Gollum's love and hatred for the Ring and for himself. Gollum living in the Misty Mountains In July, TA 2941 , during the Quest of Erebor , the Hobbit Bilbo Baggins stumbled upon the subterranean lake on which he lived and found Gollum's Ring . Gollum had lost the Ring while squabbling with an imp goblin in the network of caves leading to the lake, though in fact it is more proper to say that the Ring abandoned Gollum, for it was known to have a will of its own. As Gandalf says later, it looks after itself, trying to get back to Sauron. After the infamous Riddle Game , during which Gollum was unaware of his loss, Gollum refused to show Bilbo the promised way out and plotted to murder him. When he went to get his "birthday present," however, he found that it was gone. He suddenly realized the true answer to Bilbo's last riddle—"What have I got in my pocket?" -, breaking into a rage and then begun to chase him in the tunnels. Bilbo inadvertently stumbled across the Ring's power of invisibility as he ran, allowing him to follow Gollum to the back entrance of the cave. There, Bilbo at first thought to kill Gollum, but was overcome with pity, so he jumped over him to escape. As Bilbo ran, Gollum cried out, "Thief! Thief, Baggins! We hates it forever!"; he did not immediately follow Bilbo out of fear of being caught by the goblins, and so lingered in his cave. Search for the Ring Gollum eventually left the Mountains and pursued Bilbo a few years later, but the trail was cold. He made his way south into Mordor where all evil was being drawn at the time, discovering the secret stair located near Minas Morgul and surviving an encounter with Shelob. He was captured on his return, taken to the dungeons of Barad-dur and forced to reveal to Sauron under intense torture what he knew about the Ring. Gollum was then strangely freed, as he shows no particular loyalty towards Sauron, but caught by Aragorn , then interrogated by Gandalf, who placed him in the care of the Silvan Elves living in Thranduil 's kingdom in Mirkwood . Assisted by Orcs he escaped them, and set off looking for the Shire . He passed through Moria , but could not make it out of the East gate. Seemingly he then just waited there until he got lucky when the Fellowship passed through. However, as Frodo was a ring-bearer he might have foreseen the passing of the ring. Alternatively, some of Saruman 's or Sauron's spies may have revealed to him the Fellowship was heading towards Moria. The War of the Ring Gollum's spying eyes in the Mines of Moria Gollum met and started following the Fellowship of the Ring in Moria, and was spotted and heard by Frodo on several occasions. On January 15 , 3019 the Fellowship was divided when Gandalf disappeared while fighting a Balrog (though he later returned). Gollum continued trailing the remaining members. It is unknown how he crossed the Bridge of Khazad-dûm , but he came with them to Lórien without their knowing. Gollum followed their boats down Anduin (floating on a log) to Rauros and pursued Frodo and Sam across the Emyn Muil when they struck out on their own towards Mordor. Gollum followed them, but after a confrontation (in which he bit and nearly strangled Sam for the Ring) Frodo subdued him and threatened to kill him with Sting , the Elvish blade that Gollum had apparently recognized by its former owner - Bilbo. Frodo tied an Elven Rope around Gollum's neck for a leash, but the mere touch of the rope pained him. Taking pity on the wretched creature, Frodo made Gollum swear to help them. Agreeing to the oath, Gollum swore by the "Precious" itself and Frodo released him. The unlikely company, guided by Gollum, made its way to the Black Gate , the entrance to Mordor. Gollum Along the way it was revealed that Gollum, having lived in a cave for hundreds of years, feared both the sun and the moon, calling them the 'Yellow Face' and the 'White Face' respectively. Frodo's kindness brought out the "Sméagol" personality, and he made at least some effort to keep his promise. The two had a strange sort of bond from both having been Ring-bearers; in Gollum, Frodo saw his possible future, and so wanted to save him so he could save himself. Apart from Gandalf and Bilbo, Frodo is the only person known to have shown kindness towards Gollum, who is hated instantly by everyone he meets, being perceived as filthy, slimy, sneaky and suspect by groups as different as the Orcs of Cirith Ungol and the Rangers of Ithilien. When the Black Gate was reached and found to be well guarded, Gollum convinced them not to go that way, saying that they would be caught and Sauron would regain the Ring. Gollum said he would lead them south, where he knew of another entrance into Mordor, in which Frodo complied, despite Sam's suspicions. Frodo and Sam were caught by Faramir , and Gollum followed them. When Frodo allowed Faramir to briefly take Gollum prisoner, however, he felt betrayed, allowing the "Gollum" personality to take total control. Faramir found out that the place Gollum was taking them was called Cirith Ungol . He then warned Frodo and Sam of the evil of that place. Frodo, Sam, and Gollum left Faramir and began crossing the Morgul Vale and proceeded to climb the stairs of Cirith Ungol, in the border-mountains of the Ephel Dúath (Mountains of Shadow). Gollum visited the great spider Shelob , child of Ungoliant , because he was planning to betray the Hobbits by turning them to Shelob for food and then take the Ring for himself. The fact that Gollum managed to forge an alliance with Shelob is also remarkable, as she was otherwise known for devouring and killing everything on sight. When he returned the Hobbits were asleep. The sight of Frodo sleeping nearly moved Gollum to repent, as he began to pet Frodo's hair. However, Sam woke up and spoke harshly to Gollum and all hope of redemption was lost. Gollum followed through with his plan and led Frodo and Sam into Torech Ungol . Just as Frodo warned him, Gollum's betrayal of his oath ultimately led to his undoing, for Frodo and Sam escaped from her lair and also Cirith Ungol . They came against all odds to the fiery volcano Mount Doom . Gollum followed them all the way, seeking a chance to surprise them and take the Ring. When Frodo and Sam had almost reached their destination, he attacked, but failed to get the Ring. Sam, who had hated Gollum on sight, tried to bring himself to kill him, but he relented out of sheer pity and disgust, turning his back on the beaten (but still wily) creature. Death Moments later, Frodo was standing on the edge of the Crack of Doom , but, unwilling to destroy the Ring, claimed it for himself and put it on. Then Gollum attacked the hobbits again. Gollum knocked out Sam with a rock whilst Frodo was invisible. But Gollum was able to track his footprints and jumped on Frodo. The two fought and finally Gollum bit off Frodo's finger with the ring on it. Gollum dying with the One Ring in the fires of Mount Doom Here Bilbo's long-ago kindness in sparing Gollum's life was rewarded, for Gollum then teetered on the edge of the great pit, lost his balance and fell in, (In the movie Frodo assaults Gollum, and he trips) taking the Ring and finger with him along with a final cry of "Precious!". The ring was burned in the molten lava with Gollum consumed with it as well. Had Gollum not lived to play this final part, there was a good chance that Sauron would have regained his Ring, as he knew where Frodo was as soon as he put it on. Legacy Years after Gollum's death, Frodo would forgive him, as Gandalf had told Frodo that Gollum wasn't actually an evil being that deserved his death, but was only a poor being, bound to the Ring's will, and that Frodo's fate would be like Gollum's if he kept the Ring. For if Gollum did not stay with Sam and Frodo to the end of Mordor, Frodo's inability to destroy the Ring would have alerted Sauron to it, and all good in the world of Middle-earth would disappear. Gollum was also remembered for being the Ring-bearer that kept the Ring for about five hundred years, the second longest bearer besides Sauron himself, who bore it from SA 1600 to his defeat in SA 3441 . He is also remarkable for having seen Sauron in person (when being tortured by him) and for managing to form an alliance with Shelob. As a traveller, explorer and Ranger he is perhaps the equal of Aragorn and Gandalf, easily travelling alone through extremely hostile terrains, and seemingly having travelled very widely. For instance, he found his own way through the Dead Marshes as well as discovering for himself the secret pass of Cirith Ungol. Also he manages to find his way through Moria from the East entrance to the West gate, something which even Gandalf did only with some difficulty. Ironically the one being who suffered the most from the One Ring was the one who manages to destroy it in the end. Gollum or Sméagol undoubtedly suffered the most from the One Ring as for almost all his unnaturally long life he is tortured by the ring past insanity into total mental destruction. [1] [2] Background In the first edition of The Hobbit , Gollum did not appear quite as wretched or as bound to the Ring. Tolkien revised this characterization to fit the concept of the Ruling Ring developed during the writing of The Lord of the Rings. Tolkien then explained the version given in the first edition as a lie that Bilbo made up to tell the Dwarves and Gandalf . Character In the first edition of The Hobbit, Tolkien made no reference to his size, leading several illustrators to portray him as being very large. Tolkien realized the omission, and clarified in later editions that he was of average hobbit size and in "The Lord of the Rings", there is a reference to Sam being "little less in height" than he is. Tolkien describes Gollum as either dark, bone-white or sallow (pale yellow): at one point, the Men of Ithilien mistake his silhouette (seen from a distance) for a tailless black squirrel. Gorbag and Shagrat describe him as a dark fellow. In a manuscript written to guide illustrators to the appearance of his characters, Tolkien explained this by saying that Gollum had pale skin, but wore dark clothes and was often seen in poor light. The Hobbit states he has pockets, in which he keeps a tooth sharpening rock, goblin teeth, wet shells, and a scrap of bat wing. Despite these details, he is generally depicted wearing a loincloth or naked in illustrations and adaptations. Gollum fishing in the Forbidden Pool in Ithilien Gollum was a good survivor and was very keen eyed and quick of hand this made him an excellent fisherman. He could spot and catch fish in almost any level of light and waters. He fished the waters of the Misty Mountain's underground lake for centuries in almost complete darkness and almost anywhere he had to after leaving his cave in search of the Ring and the thief Baggins. He was known to eat almost anything that was living or edible and could stomach anything raw and uncooked. He was also very good at not being seen and was an excellent waterman making use of anything that could float which made it possible for him to follow the Fellowship for so long. Pronunciation In both the 1981 BBC radio adaptation and in the Peter Jackson movies Sméagol is pronounced as "SMEE-gol", although the placement of the acute accent suggests that the correct pronunciation is "SMAY-uh-gol", IPA ['sme:.agol] . On the other hand, in Tolkien's recordings of The Lord of the Rings he also pronounced it "SMEE-gol" ['smi:gol] or "SMEE-AH-GOL" ['smi:.agol], suggesting that éa should either be pronounced as a hard "e"-sound or as a diphthong ea, and not as two distinct vowels "e" and "a". Tolkien had a habit in his writing to put diacritics in varying places, as can also be seen in the name Eärendil , which also occurs spelt Ëarendil. It should also be noted that "Sméagol" bears strong resemblance to Old English smēaġan, a verb meaning "to ponder". If this was Tolkien's intention, then the acute may have been meant to substitute for the macron . In any case, when trying to pronounce Sméagol, it should be kept in mind that the pronunciation rules given in the Appendices for The Lord of the Rings are for the Elvish languages , and not for (old) English representing Westron and related languages . Sméagol's "real" Westron name was Trahald, of the meaning "burrowing, worming in or "apt to creep into a hole". In both Westron and Old English, Sméagol's name is related to Smaug 's: Smaug's name in "true Dalish" was Trâgu, and the Trah- stem in Trahald and Trâgu is thus a cognate of the Germanic stem present in both Sméagol, and Smaug (with a meaning of squeezing through a hole.) Appearances in the Books and Films In the books In the animated versions of both The Hobbit and The Return of the King , Gollum was voiced by comedian Brother Theodore . Lord of the Rings film trilogy In the Peter Jackson film trilogy, Gollum is a CGI creature voiced by actor Andy Serkis , who also provided the voices of some of the Nazgûl and Orcs . Barely glimpsed in The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring ( 2001 ), he becomes a central character in The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers ( 2002 ) and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King ( 2003 ). The groundbreaking CGI character was built around Serkis' voice, movements and expressions, sometimes by using a motion capture suit which recorded his movements and applied them to the digital character , and sometimes by the more laborious process of digitally "painting out" Serkis's image and replacing it with Gollum's, giving the appearance of a small, skeletal, thin and gaunt creature with large, beady eyes and small strands of brown hair. In one such shot in The Two Towers, Serkis' real spittle can be seen emerging from Gollum's mouth. In The Return of the King, Serkis himself appears in flashback scene as Sméagol before his degeneration into Gollum. This scene was originally earmarked for The Two Towers but held back because it was felt that audiences would relate better to the original Sméagol once they were more familiar with who he became. The decision to include this scene meant that Gollum's face had to be redesigned for the second and third movies so that it would more closely resemble Serkis'. (The brief glimpses in The Fellowship of the Ring are of an older portrayal of Gollum.) Andy Serkis reprised his role of Gollum for one of the three part Hobbit films. Radio In the 1955 radio series, Gollum was voiced by In the 1968 radio series, Gollum was voiced by In the 1979 radio series, Gollum was voiced by In the 1981 radio series, Gollum was voiced by Video games Appearance Gollum, as seen in the films In the Jackson adaptation of The Two Towers , Faramir describes him as "having an ill-favored look."He was also very thin and only had six teeth (in the The Hobbit (films) saying 9), comparing him to Shelob; one of the Orcs describes him as "rather like a spider himself, or perhaps like a starved frog." Gollum's toughness is said to stem from his hobbit roots. Gollum hates light, and avoids it if possible. He is emaciated and gaunt, but possesses a vicious, wiry strength; Aragorn states, "his malice gives him a strength hardly to be imagined." In The Two Towers, Gollum's grip is described as "soft, but horribly strong" as Gollum wrestles with Sam Gamgee. He is also able to climb effortlessly straight down cliffs impossible to climb by Sam and Frodo, and can make long leaps. Additionally he can run extremely fast, strangely on all fours. Gollum prefers to eat meat raw, and refuses to eat anything Elvish because it apparently burns him to the touch. His appearance was originally to be bigger and more menacing, like Smaug in the Hobbit trilogy , but were changed to make their "characters". [3] Gollum will make an appearance in Lego Dimensions Voice Dubbing actors	Déagol
Who changes colour during The Two Towers, from Grey to White?	Lord of the Rings, Who's Who Who's Who in the Lord of the Rings From Aragorn to Ring Wraiths by Laura Hayes The Lord of the Rings is epic in scope and features a host of characters. Here are the most important characters you'll meet. The Fellowship \| Allies \| Adversaries The Fellowship of the Ring / The Nine Walkers The members of the Fellowship of the Ring are selected by the Council of Elrond, in year 3018 of the Third Age. Its members are charged with taking the One Ring to Mount Doom , deep in Mordor. Frodo Baggins Frodo is a young hobbit and Bilbo Baggins's cousin. He shares Bilbo's interest in the world beyond the Shire and is more introspective than other hobbits. The two hobbits also share the same birthday, September 22. On Frodo's 33rd and Bilbo's 111th, they throw a huge birthday party. Bilbo announces that he intends to leave the Shire and gives his greatest treasure, a golden ring, to Frodo. When Gandalf convinces Frodo that it is no ordinary ring, but the One Ring of Sauron, Dark Lord of Mordor, the courageous hobbit sets out on a perilous quest to destroy it. Samwise Gamgee Samwise is Frodo's gardener and closest friend. Gandalf orders Sam to accompany Frodo on his quest after catching him eavesdropping on their discussions of the Ring. Although Sam is not nearly as eager to travel as Frodo, he is compelled by his loyalty to follow Frodo on his quest. Sam will prove to be the most steadfast of friends. Meriadoc Brandybuck Another of Frodo's friends from the Shire, Merry "the Magnificent," demonstrates great valor in the Quest of Mount Doom and plays a significant part in a great battle. Peregrin Took Pippin is another friend of Frodo's. At 28 he is the youngest member of the Fellowship of the Ring and, some would say, the most foolish. Hobbits, or halflings, are very similar to humans, except that they are very short (averaging 3 1/2 ft tall) and have large, hairy feet. They are a pastoral people who enjoy good food (11 meals a day preferably) and parties. They rarely leave their homeland and are wary of outsiders. Aragorn (aka Strider, Estel) Aragorn is the rightful heir to the kingdom of Gondor . He was raised by Elrond in Rivendell , where he learned the ways of both elves and men, and fell in love with Elrond's daughter Arwen. Elrond forbade his daughter to marry him—for she is an immortal elf, and he a mortal man—until he can regain the lost Crown of Gondor. Aragorn leaves Rivendell to become known as Strider, the mysterious ranger who roams the wilderness of Eriador and protects the land of hobbits. Aragorn is a close friend of Gandalf's, and an invaluable member of the Fellowship. Boromir The eldest son of Denethor II, Steward of Gondor and Minas Tirith, Boromir is a formidable warrior. When Minas Tirith is assailed by the forces of Mordor he sets out to find aid. At the urging of dreams he makes his way to Rivendell and joins the Fellowship of the Ring. Unlike the others, Boromir is not sure that the One Ring should be destroyed, but believes it could be wielded against Sauron. Gimli Gimli's father made the journey to Erebor with Bilbo Baggins (as told in The Hobbit). He is chosen to represent the dwarves in the Fellowship of the Ring and becomes the first of his people to enter Lórien and Khazad-dûm in more than a thousand years. He distrusts elves, but falls in love with the beauty of Galadriel and becomes close friends with Legolas. Legolas Legolas is a valiant elf chosen to represent his people in the Fellowship. He hails from Mirkwood and is a great archer. Legolas's father, King Thranduil, played a role in the The Hobbit—he was the elven king that took Bilbo and his companions prisoner. Gandalf (aka Mithrandir, "the Grey Pilgrim") Gandalf the Grey is one of the five chief Istari, or wizards, sent to combat Sauron in Middle-earth some 2,000 years before the War of the Ring. Gandalf, more than the other Istari, cares for the creatures of Middle-earth. He mentors Aragorn, advises kings, helps the dwarves regain their kingdom at Erebor, and draws out the courage of the hobbits. Gandalf possesses one of the Rings of Power—Narya, the Ring of Fire—which helps him lend strength to the hearts of his companions. Allies Bilbo Baggins Bilbo Baggins is the reluctant hero of the The Hobbit. Years before the events chronicled in The Lord of the Rings, Gandalf convinced Bilbo to accompany Thorin Oakenshield on a quest to regain the dwarves' stolen treasure at Erebor, the Lonely Mountain. Although he nearly died at the claws of goblins, giant spiders, and other creatures, Bilbo discovered that he possessed unexpected courage and resourcefulness. He returned home wealthy, and with a magic golden ring . . . Galadriel Galadriel was born in the early years of the world, a princess of the high elves. She travelled to Middle-earth at the beginning of the First Age with her brothers and cousins in pursuit of the stolen Silmaril gems . In Beleriand , at the court of King Thingol, she met Celeborn, whom she married. After the destruction of Beleriand she chose to remain in Middle-earth. Galadriel and Celeborn moved to the wood-elf realm of Lothlórien . Their only child, Celebrian, wedded Elrond. Even though destroying the One Ring will diminish her power in Middle-earth, Galadriel is a great friend to the Fellowship and gives them items, including magic cloaks and a lock of her hair, to aid them in their quest. RELATED LINKS J.R.R. Tolkien Théoden Théoden is King of Rohan . He was bespelled by Saruman and misled by Grima Wormtongue until Gandalf freed him. He defended his people at Helm's Deep, then led them to the defense of Minas Tirith at the Battle of the Pelennor. Éomer Nephew and heir of King Théoden of Rohan. Éowyn Éomer's sister Éowyn fell in love with Aragorn but despaired when she realized that he would never return her affection. Seeking valiant deeds and a noble death she traveled disguised as a man to the Battle of the Pelennor. She later married Faramir of Gondor. Denethor II Denethor II ruled Gondor as Steward. He was a wise and formidable man, but his use of an ancient artifact exposed him to the corrupting influence of Sauron. He doted on his elder son Boromir and only realized that he loved his younger son Faramir too late. The perceived loss of both his sons drove him mad. Faramir Faramir is the son of Denethor, Steward of Gondor, and Boromir's younger brother. He worked ceaselessly to defend Gondor from the forces of Morder, and to earn his father's respect. After the war he wedded Éowyn, who he met in Minas Tirith's "Houses of Healing." Elrond Elrond was born at the Havens of Sirion late in the First Age of Middle-earth. Both of Elrond's parents were half-elven, and after the War of Wrath he was given a choice: whether to be counted amongst immortal elves or mortal men. He chose immortality. After the invasion of Eriador by Sauron in the Second Age, Elrond founded a refuge in a deep hidden valley— Imladris , or Rivendell, which prospered with the aid of the Great Ring, Vilya, one of the Rings of Power. Elrond plays a great part in the history of Middle-earth; he fought alongside the greatest heroes of the Second Age in the Last Alliance and is a leading member of the White Council. Arwen In the history of Middle-earth there have been only two marriages between high elves and humans: Beren and Lúthien and Tuor and Idril. Arwen, daughter of Elrond and Celebrian (Galadriel's daughter), falls in love with Aragorn. If they are to wed, she will have to choose between him and her the immortality of her people. Treebeard Treebeard is one of the last Ents, a race of giant, tree-like people whose purpose was to protect the forests of Middle-earth. By the end of the Third Age, the great forests had dwindled, and so had the number of Ents. Few though they are, the Ents of Fangorn aid Rohan during the War of the Ring and destroyed Saruman's base at Isengard. The White Council The White Council, or Council of the Wise, was convened by Galadriel to combat Sauron. Saruman was appointed its leader against her wishes. Other members include Elrond, Gandalf, and the elven shipwright Círdan. Saruman misled the Council to search for the One Ring himself. Adversaries Saruman (aka Curunir) Saruman the White was the chief of the Order of the Istari and head of the White Council. He arrived in Middle-earth with Gandalf and traveled far and wide, even to the mysterious South and East, to seek knowledge. Saruman possesses an incredible intellect and is especially well versed in the works of Sauron and the Rings of Power. At some point he began to desire the One Ring for himself. He settled at Isengard, in the high tower of Orthanc, and began to use a palantir, or scrying orb, to seek the Ring. While using the palantir he was trapped by the will of Sauron. Although he believes himself to be free, Saruman is under the domination of the Dark Lord of Mordor. Saruman's human servant, Grima Wormtongue, acts as an advisor to King Théoden of Rohan and has worked to weaken him and his kingdom. Shelob Shelob is an ancient and foul creature in spider form. She haunts a network of tunnels at the pass of Cirith Ungol and preys upon orcs. In The Two Towers Gollum leads Frodo and Sam to "Her Ladyship" in a ploy to take back the ring. Bilbo Baggins encountered her offspring in the forest of Mirkwood . Bilbo's sword Sting, which he gave Frodo, earned its name when Bilbo fought the spiders of Mirkwood. Gollum Gollum was born the hobbit Sméagol in a small community near the Gladden Fields in year 2430 of the Third Age. Around 2463, he and his cousin Déagol found (or were found by) the One Ring, which Isildur had lost there two and a half millennia before. Overcome by the power of the Ring, Sméagol murdered Déagol. His evil ways soon caused the hobbits to drive him away. He eventually settled in the Misty Mountains . There he lived alone, living off fish and goblins for 500 years. The Ring "stretched out" his life, breaking his mind and turning him into the debased creature Bilbo encountered in his travels. Despite his fear of the Sun and the Moon, Gollum emerged from under the mountains to seek the hobbit whom he suspected had his "Precious," the One Ring. Nazgûl / Ring Wraiths / Black Riders The Nazgûl are the holders of the nine Rings of Power Sauron forged for men. The Rings have long since destroyed their wearers' humanity, leaving them with no will of their own. Neither dead nor living, they are Sauron's main servants and hunt the One Ring tirelessly. Only Saruman, Gandalf, and some of the Elves, such as Glorfindel, can withstand them. Their leader is the Lord of the Nazgûl, the Witch King of Angmar who plagued the northern kingdom of Arnor . The Witch King is prophesied to never die at the hands of man. Durin's Bane Balrogs were fire spirits corrupted in the First Age of Middle-earth. They were the most feared of the forces of evil after the dragons, but most were destroyed during the War of Wrath. Unfortunately some escaped and hid. The dwarves of Khazad-dûm had the misfortune of discovering one while mining mithril—it was thereafter called "Durin's Bane." Orcs Orcs are the foot soldiers of the Dark Lord. It is said that they were bred from elves captured before the First Age. Orcs, or goblins as they are called in The Hobbit, fare poorly in the sunlight. In the Third Age, Saruman bred a stronger race of orcs, the uruk-hai, who could endure the sun. Sauron and the One Ring Sauron, the Dark Lord of Mordor, was a powerful spirit seduced by Morgoth, the first manifestation of evil. After Morgoth was defeated in the War of Wrath , Sauron hid for many centuries. He reappeared in the Second Age when, wearing a fair guise and uttering crafty words, he seduced the Elves of Eregion and convinced them to help him create the Rings of Power . Three were made for elves, seven for dwarves, and nine for human kings. To control the Rings and their users, Sauron then forged the One Ring in the fires of Mount Doom and infused it with much of his power. Sauron was defeated by the Last Alliance of men and elves at the end of the Second Age. Isildur of Gondor cut the One Ring from Sauron's finger, and destroyed his physical being. Instead of destroying it he claimed it for his own. Two years later Isildur was ambushed and killed by orcs. The Ring slipped from his finger into the River Anduin and was believed lost. Ever since, Sauron has been rebuilding his strength and seeking the One Ring. The One Ring, which can only be destroyed in the fires of Mount Doom, has a will of its own. It falls out of pockets, slips onto fingers, and seductively pulls its bearer to wield its power. Advertisement Advertisement	i don't know
Name the Ent who befriends Merry and Pippin in Fanghorn forest.	Ents \| The One Wiki to Rule Them All \| Fandom powered by Wikia "We must not be hasty." — Treebeard in The Two Towers Ents, also known as Onodrim (Tree-host) by the Elves , are a very old race that appeared in Middle Earth at the same time that the elves did. They were apparently created at the behest of Yavanna after she learned of Aulë 's children, the dwarves , knowing that they would want to fell trees. Ents were envisioned as Shepherds of the Huorns , to protect the forests from orcs and other perils. The elves had tales of teaching the trees and the Ents to talk: although the Ents were sentient beings at the time, they did not know how to speak until the elves taught them. Treebeard spoke of the elves "curing the Ents of their dumbness", that it was a great gift that could not be forgotten ("always wanted to talk to everything, the old Elves did"). Ents are tree-like creatures, having become more and more like the trees that they herded. They vary in traits, from everything to height and size, colouring, and the number of fingers and toes. An individual Ent more or less resembles the specific species of tree that they typically guard. For example, Quickbeam guarded huorns that resembled rowans, and thus looked very much like those huorns (tall and slender, etc.). Ents are very strong, as recounted by Merry and Pippin : "their punches can crumple iron like tinfoil, and they can tear apart solid rock like breadcrusts." In the Third Age of Middle-earth , the forest of Fangorn was apparently the only place ents still inhabited, although the huorns may still have survived elsewhere, as in the Old Forest. Contents Edit A group of Ents with Treebeard, the eldest Ent, in the center. From Peter Jackson's The Two Towers Almost nothing is known of the early history of the Ents — they apparently lived in and protected the large forests of Middle-earth in previous ages, and they briefly appear near the end of the First Age , attacking a band of Dwarves , apparently summoned by Beren and Lúthien . Treebeard told of a time when apparently all of Eriador was one huge forest and part of his domain, but these immense forests were cut by the Númenóreans of the Second Age, or destroyed in the calamitous War of the Elves and Sauron of the 17th century of the Second Age. Treebeard's statement is also supported by remarks Elrond the half-elf made at the Council of Elrond. Elrond said that "Time was once when a squirrel could carry a nut from tree to tree from Rivendell to the Great Sea...", further indicating that all of Eriador was once a single vast primeval forest, of which Fangorn Forest was just "the eastern end of it" according to Treebeard. Treebeard boasted to Merry and Pippin about the strength of the Ents. He said that they were much more powerful than trolls , which Morgoth (in the Elder Days or First Age) supposedly made as imitations of the Ents, but did not come near to their power. He compares this with how orcs were Morgoth's imitation of elves. There used to be entwives (literally "ent-women"), but they started to move farther away from the Ents because they liked to plant and control things, so they moved away to the region that would later become the Brown Lands across the Great River Anduin . This area was destroyed by Sauron , and the entwives disappeared. The ents looked for them, but have never found them. It is sung by the Ents that one day they will find each other, when they lose all else. In the Fellowship of the Ring, Sam Gamgee says his cousin Hal saw a walking tree in the north of the Shire. When Pippin and Merry tell Treebeard about the Shire, Treebeard says the entwives would like that land, suggesting Hal saw either an Entwife or a Huorn . It is safe to say that with no entwives and their slow decline with time, numbers of the Ents had dwindled to around fifty only by the end of The Third age. According to Treebeard there are no entings upon Middle-earth at the time of the Third Age, and there have not been any for quite some time. And there will never be any more entings afterwards either, "as there are no Entwives". What exactly happened to the Entwives was something Tolkien wanted to keep a mystery, even to himself, but in one of his letters he said, "I think that in fact the Entwives have disappeared for good, being destroyed with their gardens in the War of the Last Alliance ." [1] An Ent shepherd of Fangorn Forest Evidence of the origin of the Ents can be found in the Valaquenta , in an exchange between Yavanna (a queen of the Valar, "...lover of all things that grow in the earth.") and Manwë ("...the first of all Kings: lord of the realm of Arda."), after Yavanna's spouse Aulë secretly endeavors to create the Dwarves . Aulë reminds her that the children of Ilúvatar (elves, men and now Dwarves) will exploit her creations for their own benefit, "though not without respect and gratitude." The defenselessness of her realm moves Yavanna to plead with Manwë: "My heart is anxious, thinking of the days to come. All my works are dear to me... Shall nothing that I have devised be free from the dominion of others?” Manwë responds by asking, of all she holds dear, what she would have preserved against exploitation, and she answers: "...the Kelvar can flee or defend themselves, whereas the olvar that grow cannot. And among these I hold trees dear... Would that the trees might speak on behalf of all things that have roots, and punish those that wrong them!” Manwë, while deliberating, is overcome by a vision of the music of the Ainur , and grants her request: "Behold! When the Children awake, then the thought of Yavanna will awake also, and it will summon spirits from afar, and they will go among the kelvar and the olvar, and some will dwell therein, and be held in reverence, and their just anger shall be feared." Yavanna returns to her spouse Aulë and reports: " Eru is bountiful. Now let thy children beware! For there shall walk a power in the forests whose wrath they will arouse at their peril." He responds ominously: "Nonetheless they will have need of wood." Treebeard grabbing Pippin. In The Two Towers , the second volume of Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings , the ents — usually very patient, deliberate beings — do become angry at Saruman , whose armies are cutting down (in their eyes, killing) large numbers of their trees. They convene an Entmoot, a meeting of the Ents of Fangorn Forest at Derndingle to discuss the argument of going to war. The Last March of the Ents, as depicted in Peter Jackson's The Two Towers. After lengthy deliberation (though from the perspective of the Ents, this is very quick action), they come to the conclusion (in the book) to destroy Isengard, and head toward it. They are led by Treebeard , the oldest ent, and accompanied by the hobbits Meriadoc Brandybuck and Peregrin Took . They destroy Isengard in an all-out assault and trap Saruman in the tower of Orthanc . During the ents' assault on Isengard, they destroyed the dams built by Saruman's minions and therefore flooded the place. After that, they moved many of their trees there and the place became known as the Watchwood. Language Edit Ents are not hasty creatures; they take their time, and even their language is "unhasty". In fact, their language appears to be based on an ancient form of Common Eldarin , later enriched by Quenya and Sindarin , although it includes many unique 'tree-ish' additions. There are actually two different languages: Old Entish: originally, the Ents had a language of their own, described as long and sonorous; it was a tonal language (like Chinese ). It is unknown if a non-ent could even pronounce Old Entish correctly: it was filled with many subtle vowel shades, and was very longwinded. Only Ents spoke Old Entish, not because they kept their language a secret, as the dwarves did with Khuzdul, but because no other could master it. It was quite an alien language to all others. The huorns and trees of Fangorn Forest could understand Old Entish and converse with the Ents and each other with it. The only extant sample, a-lalla-lalla-rumba-kamanda-lindor-burúme, the word for hill (or possibly even just part of the name of a specific hill), was described as a very inaccurate sampling. Even the elves, master linguists, could not learn Old Entish, nor did they attempt to record it due to its complex sound structure. The grammar structure of Old Entish was also quite bizarre, often described as a lengthy, long-winded discussion of a topic. There may not even have been a word for yes and no: such questions would be answered by a long monologue on why the Ent in question did or did not agree with the Ent who asked the question. The Ent Quickbeam was regarded as a very "hasty" Ent for answering a question before another Ent had finished: the end may only have been another hour away. Ents as a rule would say nothing in Old Entish unless it was worth taking a long time to say. For everyday language function, they usually resorted to "New" Entish. "New" Entish (never named as such in the text). Due to contact with the elves, the ents learned much. The ents found the Elvish Quenya to be a lovely language, and adapted it after their fashion to everyday use. However, they basically adapted Quenya vocabulary to Old Entish grammatical structure. Thus, unlike Old Entish, the individual words of "New Entish" that characters such as Treebeard spoke were easily translatable. However, in context they formed lengthy run-on sentences of redundant adjectives that could still stretch well over an hour in length. For example, when Treebeard essentially wanted to tell Merry and Pippin, "There is a shadow of the Great Darkness in the deep dales of the forest", he literally said in New Entish, "Forest-golden-leaves, deep-dales-winter, forest-many-shadowed, deep-valley-black". Unlike Old Entish, a non-ent conceivably could speak "New" Entish. Even when speaking the Common Speech, Westron, Ents fell into the habit of adapting it into their grammatical structure of repeating compound adjectives used to express fine shades of meaning. The Elvish name for Ents is Onodrim , singular Onod. Attack of the Ents Tolkien later noted that the destruction of Isengard by the ents was based on his disappointment in Macbeth; when "Birnham Wood is come to castle Dunsinane", Tolkien was less than thrilled that it amounted to men walking on stage with leaves in their hats. He decided that when he did that scene for himself, he'd do it right. Statue There are plans to erect a statue of Treebeard, by Tim Tolkien , J.R.R.'s great-nephew, near the latter's former home in Moseley, Birmingham. Etymology Edit The word "ent" was taken from Anglo-Saxon, where it means "giant". Tolkien may have extracted the word from the Anglo-Saxon poetry fragments orþanc enta geweorc = "work of cunning giants" and eald enta geweorc = "old work of giants", which described Ancient Roman ruins; see Orthanc . In this sense of the word, ents are probably the most ubiquitous of all creatures in fantasy and folklore, perhaps second only to dragons . The word ent, as it is historically used, can refer to any number of large, roughly humanoid creatures, including, but not limited to, giants, trolls , orcs, and even Grendel from the epic poem Beowulf. In this meaning of the word, ents are one of the staples of fantasy and folklore/mythology, alongside wizards , knights, princesses, and dragons, although modern English-speakers would probably not call them by their traditional name. Tolkien's ents are very different from traditional ents, appearing as humanoid trees. They appear to have been inspired by the talking trees of many of the world's folklores. See Wikipedia's tree mythology article for more information. As with hobbit , ent is a term that in modern times is almost exclusively connected with J.R.R. Tolkien , and the usage of the term seldom evokes in people its earlier meanings. Tolkien-like Ents in non-Tolkien fiction Edit In fantasy and role-playing games such as Dungeons & Dragons, EverQuest, Magic: The Gathering, and the Warcraft PC game series, Tolkien-like ents are known as treants or treefolk, for copyright reasons (much like hobbits are only referred to as halflings in Dungeons & Dragons and EverQuest). In the video game Dota 2, Treant Protector's appearance, name, and voice are based heavily on Treebeard , the eldest of the Ent race. Tolkien-like Ents are also depicted in the MMORPG of RuneScape (in the form of Spirit Trees planted by gnomes), as well as the real-time strategy game Myth: The Fallen Lords. In all their incarnations, these tree-people are very close in spirit to their Tolkien-esque forebears, although Dungeons & Dragons has also explored the concept of corrupt trees and tree-like monsters (akin to Old Man Willow and the Huorns of Fangorn). Somewhat akin to Ents are the ancients portrayed in the Warcraft universe. In the Dragon Age series there are tree-like creatures called sylvans, but these are simply trees possessed by malevolent spirits. In the video game Okami, there are cursed trees that attack by throwing poisonous fruit. However, these trees are merely possessed by dark magic and return to being normal trees once bloomed with the celestial brush. In the Harry Potter series, the Whomping Willow is a tree that seems to have a mind of its own and will attack anything that comes near it. The game Majesty: The Fantasy Kingdom Sim features daemonwoods, enchanted tree spirits that guard enemy lairs and attack player-characters that get too close. A tree-like Jedi appears in the Star Wars: Young Jedi Knights novels. The species that the Jedi belonged to, the neti, were a species of tree-like shapeshifters that could assume their true, more tree-like form or a more humanoid form. C.S. Lewis , one of Tolkien's friends, included sentient trees in his Chronicles of Narnia. Treebeard, however, was based upon Lewis himself. A game called Heroes of Might and Magic III uses Tolkien-like ents, called dendroids, as units that one can use in battle. In The Wheel of Time series, the being known as "Someshta the Green Man", a nym, is very similar to an Ent in both appearance and attitude, in that he was a guardian of greenery in the story and his people worked to bring plants and trees to greater life. In the MMORPG Realm of the Mad God, Ents, Ent Ancients, and Ent gods are all monsters that you can fight. In the Elder Scrolls series, spriggans bear some resemblance to Ents; e.g., being made of tree bark, having the ability to blend into or with trees and forests, and being considered by many as the guardians of Tamriel's forests. In the film Maleficent (2014), a tree army similar to Ents defend the homeland of the fairies when humans come to take the riches that are held in their kingdom. The Marvel character Groot bears many similarities to Ents. In the game League of Legends there are two characters that look a lot like an ent: Maokai and Ivern. Translations around the World	Treebeard
Who was the last woman to be executed for murder in the UK?	Lord of the Rings Names at BabyNames.com « Back to Baby Names Lists J.R.R. Tolkien had a fascination with language and etymology. Not only did he create most of these names specifically for the land of Middle-Earth, Professor Tolkien often incorporated the actual background stories and meanings for these names directly into his novels! If you're a Tolkein fan, or just love to read, you might want to consider some of these character names when choosing baby names for your baby. Unless otherwise noted, names and information are from both the books and the movies. Aragorn A human ranger who guides the first part of the Fellowship of the Ring, also known by his Human nickname, Strider. Later revealed to be the true heir to the throne of Gondor. Arod A horse of Rohan, given to Legolas by Eomer on their first meeting to aid them in their journey. Arod means swift in Old English. Arwen Undomiel Elf-maiden of Rivendell, betrothed to Aragorn and of ancient Maiarin descent. Arwen means noble maiden while Undomiel means Evenstar. Balin Dwarf treasure seeker from The Hobbit. His skeleton is discovered by The Fellowship in the Mines of Moria. Banazir The Hobbit name for Samwise Gamgee the hobbit, both meaning half-wise. (books) Beregond The first Captain of the White Company of Gondor and the guard of Faramir. (books) Bergil Son of Beregond. He and his father were guides of Pippin in Minas Tirith. (books) Bilbo Baggins Hobbit adventurer who discovers the One Ring on the ground of a passage through the Misty Mountains. Bilbo passes his ring on to Frodo and retires to Rivendell, beginning the adventures in The Lord of the Rings. Boromir Son of Denethor, brother of Faramir. Boromir was sent by his father to Rivendell to represent the Kingdom of Gondor at the Council of the Ring. Bregalad A rowan Ent whose name means Quickbeam. Bregalad was the first to declare war on Isengard. He was assigned by Treebeard to watch over Pippin and Merry and appears mainly in the book The Two Towers, although fans say they can spot him in the movies. Barliman Butterbur Owner and proprietor of the Inn of the Prancing Pony in Bree where the four hobbits, including Frodo, meet Strider for the first time. Celeborn Lord of the Galadhrim, husband of Galadriel and co-ruler of Lothlorien. Denethor Steward of Gondor and Father of Boromir and Faramir. (books, movies) Kills himself in fit of insanity after seeing his apparently dead son, Faramir, by setting himself on fire and jumping from the top of Minas Tirith. (movies) Duilin Name of Gondolin's group of best archers. Duilin means Swallow. (books) Elbereth Githoniel One of the ancient arch-angels, also known as Varda, the creator of all light. She is revered by the Elves of Middle-Earth and the most feared enemy of Melkor. (books) Elessar Name given to Aragorn by the Elves meaning Elfstone. Elladan One of the sons of Elrond. (books) Elrond Halfelven Patriarch of the Rivendell Elves. Hundreds of years before the events of The Lord of the Rings Elrond, along with the man Isildur, led a united army of Elves and Men to defeat Sauron the first time at the end of the Second Age of Middle-Earth. Elros Legendary Half-elf of Middle-Earth who chose to become mortal. (books) Eomer Nephew of King Theoden and one of the Riders of Rohan. Brother of Eowyn. Eowyn Niece of King Theoden and sister to Eomer. Estel Code name for Aragorn used by the Elves while attempting to conceal his true identity as heir to the throne of Elendil. (books) Fangorn The deep wooded home of the Ents. Faramir Son of Denethor and brother to Boromir (books, movies). Faramir assists Frodo and Samwise in their journey to Mordor. (movies) Fimbrethil Lost Entwife of Treebeard who has not been seen in over 3000 years. (books) Finglas An Ent who liked to sleep a lot. Also known as Leaflock for his leafy hair. (books) Fladrif A reclusive Ent also known as Skinbark who refuses to come down off the mountainsides and fight. (books) Frodo Baggins Hobbit nephew of Bilbo Baggins. Bearer of the One Ring throughout The Lord of the Rings Trilogy. Galadriel Wife of Celeborn and co-ruler of Lothlorien. Gandalf AKA Gandalf the Gray, Gandalf Greyhame. Master Wizard and architect of the journey of the Ring. Dies and is reborn as Gandalf the White to finish his task on Middle Earth. Gimli Dwarf, son of Gloin. Travels with the Fellowship of the Ring and then with Legolas and Aragorn. Has friendly competition with the Elf, Legolas. Gloin Dwarf, father of Gimli. One of the original 12 dwarf adventurers from The Hobbit. (books) Glorfindel Elf of Rivendell who leads Elvish forces from Grey Havens, Rivendell and Lothlorien against Angmar in battle. (books) Also appears in Lothlorien as Captain of the Elvish Guard and later assists with his army in the Battle of Helm's Deep, where he is slain. (movies) Gollum Wretched creature who lives in the Misty Mountains and possesses the One Ring for nearly half a century. Pursues Bilbo to retrieve the Ring after it is lost. Was once a Hobbit named Smeagol. Gollum's name comes from the nasty sound he makes when coughing. Gwaihir The greatest of the Eagles. Rescued Gandalf from Saruman's prison atop Orthanc and led the Eagles with Gandalf to rescue Frodo and Samwise from the slopes of Mount Doom before it erupts. Halbarad A Dunedain ranger like Aragorn. Halbarad led a company of rangers to assist Aragorn in the battle of Pelennor and brought a message to him from Arwen. (books) Hasufel Horse of Rohan, given to Aragorn by Eomer upon their first meeting to assist in their travels. Hirluin A man of Gondor from Lebennin. He brought men to fight the final War of the Ring and died at the breaking of the door to the citadel of Gondor. (books) Isildur Legendary Dunedain man of the Second Age. Fled Numenor upon its destruction to the south with his brother to found the land of Gondor. Years later, during battle with Sauron, he cuts the One Ring from Sauron's hand destroying Sauron's physical form. He refuses to destroy the One Ring in the fires of Mount Doom and is later killed by an Orc raiding party. Legolas Silvan Elf of Mirkwood originally of Sindarin descent, and part of the original Fellowship of the Ring. After parting ways with Frodo and Samwise, Legolas adventures with Aragorn and Gimli to rescue Merry and Pippin and finally onwards to the battle of Pelennor Fields at Gondor. Luthien Tinuviel Great grand-mother of Elrond. Had affair with the mortal Beren. Luthien means either enchantress or blossom. Tinuviel means daughter of the starry twilight. (books) Meriadoc Brandybuck Hobbit, AKA Merry who travels with the original Fellowship before being taken hostage along with Pippin by a roving band of orcs. Nimrodel An Elf-maiden of Lothlorien who was lost crossing the Ered Nimrais journeying to rejoin her lover Amroth and leave for Valinor. A river in Lothlorien was named after her passing. (books) Orald Nickname for Tom Bombadil given by Men. Tom lives in the Old Forest with his wife, a river-spirit named Goldberry. He and his wife assist the Hobbits during the early part of their journey after leaving the Shire. (books) Peregrin Hobbit, AKA Pippin, is a mischievous hobbit that often gets himself and companions into trouble. Travels with Merry into the forest of Fangorn. Rohirrim Ancestral name of the tribe of horsemen who live on the plains of Rohan, currently governed by King Theoden. (books) Samwise Gamgee Hobbit friend and guardian of Frodo Baggins. Assigned by Gandalf to accompany and watch over Frodo's safety while on the journey to destroy the One Ring. Saruman Traitorous Wizard of the White Tower and steward of Isengard. He is betrayed and killed by Wormtongue, ex-advisor to King Theoden. Sauron Once a most powerful member of an ancient divine race of beings called the Maiar, Sauron, meaning Abhorred, was enthralled by the first Dark Lord, Morgoth, betraying the Maiar and their masters, the Valar. After Morgoth was defeated in battle and banished to the Outer Void, Sauron rose in his place and using deception, fooled the Elves, Dwarves and Men into accepting gifts of magic rings wrought by him to be controlled by the One Ring of Power. Sauron is eventually defeated by Frodo when the One Ring is cast into the fires of Mount Doom in Mordor. Shadowfax Gandalf's steed through most of The Lord of the Rings, Shadowfax is considered to be the greatest of all horses of the Third Age. He is of the mearas breed who are descended from the first tamed wild horse, Felarof. King Theoden King of Rohan, the plains horsemen. Under thrall of Saruman via Wormtongue and is revived by Gandalf the White. Tintalle Another name for Elbereth Gilthoniel, meaning Star-kindler. Treebeard Master Ent of Fangorn. Discovers Merry and Pippin in his forest after they escape from the orcs. After hearing news of the calamity facing the outside world and much discussion, Treebeard and fellow Ents are encouraged to attack Isengard, bringing Saruman's reign of terror to an end.	i don't know
Murderer Donald Neilson was otherwise known by what name?	Murderer Donald Neilson, the 'Black Panther', dies - BBC News BBC News Murderer Donald Neilson, the 'Black Panther', dies 19 December 2011 Close share panel Image caption The rejection of an appeal in 2008 meant Neilson was never released Donald Neilson, the multiple murderer known as the Black Panther, has died, the Ministry of Justice has said. The 75-year-old died on Sunday after being taken from Norwich Prison to hospital with breathing difficulties. Neilson, from Bradford, was convicted of four murders, including that of 17-year-old Lesley Whittle, kidnapped from her Shropshire home in 1975. Three years ago he lost an appeal to have his life sentence, imposed in 1976, reduced to 30 years. A Prison Service spokesman said Neilson was taken to hospital in the early hours of Saturday after suffering breathing difficulties and was pronounced dead at 18:45 GMT on Sunday. "As with all deaths in custody, the independent Prisons and Probation Ombudsman will conduct an investigation," he said. Neilson murdered 17-year-old heiress Lesley Whittle in 1975, having shot dead three sub-postmasters during armed robberies between February and November 1974. The earlier victims had been: Donald Skepper, shot dead in Harrogate, North Yorkshire; Derek Astin, in Higher Baxenden, Lancashire; and Sidney Grayland, in Langley, West Midlands. 'Horrific ordeal' Also responsible for about 400 burglaries during a 10-year criminal career, the killer was dubbed "The Black Panther" as a result of witness descriptions of his dark clothing and powerful physique. Neilson, who had been a builder, kidnapped Miss Whittle from her home in Shropshire and left a ransom demand for £50,000. The teenager's body was later found hanging in an underground drainage system, where Neilson had secured her by the neck with wire. In 2008, High Court judge Mr Justice Teare ruled the killer must never be released from prison, saying: "This is a case where the gravity of the applicant's offences justifies a whole life order." The judge said the three murders of sub-postmasters "involved a substantial degree of premeditation" because Neilson took a loaded firearm with him which he was prepared to use. Mr Justice Teare added: "The manner in which the young girl was killed demonstrates that it too involved a substantial degree of premeditation or planning. It also involved the abduction of the young girl." The location and manner of Lesley Whittle's death "indicates that she must have been subjected by the applicant to a dreadful and horrific ordeal", he said.	Black panther
Which notorious American serial killer defended himself in court in 1979?	Donald Neilson \| Real Life Villains Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia [ show ] Early life Neilson, known previously as Donald Nappey, married 20-year-old Irene Tate in April 1955 at the age of 18. His wife persuaded him to leave the army where he was serving as a national serviceman in the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry . Their daughter, Kathryn, was born in 1960. After his daughter's birth, Nappey changed the family name to Neilson so that the little girl would not suffer the bullying and abuse he had endured at school and in the army because of his surname's similarity to the word nappy . He was also bullied because of his short stature, five feet six inches. According to David Bell and Harry Hawkes, Nappey bought a taxi business from a man named Neilson and decided to use that name instead of the former. An alternative theory, proposed by a lodger, Miss Lena Fearnley, who stayed with the Neilson family in the early 1960s, is that Neilson took the name from an ice-cream van from which he and Irene often bought ice-cream for their daughter. Miss Fearnley told the BBC in an interview that he told her, "I like that name." Turn to crime A jobbing builder in Bradford , West Yorkshire , Neilson turned to crime when his business failed. It is believed he committed over 400 house burglaries without detection during his early days of crime. Before he became notorious as The Black Panther he was sought under a variety of nicknames such as The Phantom and Handy Andy. To confuse the police, he adopted a different modus operandi every few weeks. For example he would steal a radio from each house and abandon it nearby then when that pattern of behaviour was established he would drop it and do something else. Proceeds from simple housebreaking were low however and after stealing guns and ammunition from a house in Cheshire he upped his criminal activity which resulted in him turning to robbing small post offices. Neilson committed eighteen such crimes between 1971 and 1974. His phobia about dogs meant that he avoided post offices with guard dogs. His crimes became progressively more violent as he sought to protect himself from occupants prepared to put up a resistance to defend their property. In February 1972 he gained entry to a sub-post office in Rochdale Road, Heywood , Lancashire during the night. Leslie Richardson, the postmaster, and his wife woke to find a hooded man in their bedroom. Richardson leapt out of bed to tackle the intruder while his wife phoned the police. During the struggle, Neilson showed Richardson his sawn off shotgun and snapped in a West Indian accent, "This is loaded." Mr Richardson saw that the gun was pointing up at the ceiling and there was no danger of anyone being shot. He snapped back, "We'll find out if it's loaded," and pulled the trigger himself blasting two holes in the ceiling. The fight continued and Richardson managed to pull Neilson's black hood off to reveal not the West Indian he had expected but a white man with dark staring eyes. Neilson then stamped mercilessly on Richardson's feet breaking several toes and kneed him in the groin. As Richardson collapsed on the floor, Neilson made his escape empty handed. Richardson gave police a description of his masked intruder which turned out to be inaccurate in many respects. [1] Several other photofits of Neilson were similarly unhelpful to the police but one, made by sub postmistress Margaret Grayland, was extremely accurate. Turn to murder Neilson's first three murders occurred in 1974. He shot dead two sub-postmasters and the husband of a sub-postmistress as well as brutally battering sub-postmistress Margaret 'Peggy' Grayland in post office robberies. He killed Donald Skepper in Harrogate in February 1974, Derek Astin of Baxenden near Accrington in September 1974, and Sidney Grayland in Langley , West Midlands during November 1974. [3 ] The Baxenden murder gained Neilson the nickname The Black Panther when, during an interview with a local television reporter, Astin's wife, Marion, described her husband's killer as "so quick, he was like a panther". Alluding to the killer's dark clothing, the enterprising reporter ended his piece by asking "Where is this Black Panther?" and the soubriquet stuck. The Whittle case made him Britain's most wanted man in the mid-1970s and the kidnapper was irrefutably linked to the post office shootings when he shot security guard Gerald Smith six times while checking a ransom trail and forensics showed the bullets were fired from the same .22 pistol that was used to shoot Derek Astin and Sidney Grayland. Kidnap and murder of Lesley Whittle Lesley Whittle (1957–1975) was a 17-year-old girl and was Neilson's youngest victim. Whittle was the daughter of noted coach transport business owner George Whittle, who had left his entire fortune to his second wife and their children, Ronald and Lesley. After reading about a family dispute over George's will, and three years of planning, on 14 January 1975 Neilson entered the Whittle family home in Highley , Shropshire , and kidnapped Lesley from her bedroom. Neilson calculated that the family would not materially miss £50,000 of their fortune, and so made a subsequent demand in a note left at the family home for that sum. A series of police bungles and other circumstances meant that Whittle's brother Ronald was unable to deliver the ransom money to the place and time demanded by the kidnapper. Whittle's body was found on 7 March 1975, hanging from a wire at the bottom of the drainage shaft where he had tethered her in Bathpool Park , at Kidsgrove , Staffordshire . The subsequent post-mortem examination showed that Whittle had not, in fact, died slowly from strangulation, but instantaneously from vagal inhibition . The shock of the fall had caused her heart to stop beating. Neilson may have pushed Whittle off the ledge where he had kept her. An alternative to this scenario is that Neilson was not even there when Whittle died and that he panicked and fled on the night of the failed ransom collection without returning to the shaft, believing the police were closing in on him, leaving Whittle alive in the dark for a considerable period of time before she fell to her death. The pathologist noted that Whittle weighed only 98 pounds (44 kg) when found, her stomach and intestines were completely empty, she had lost a considerable amount of weight and was emaciated . He concluded that she had not eaten for a minimum of three days, the length of time it takes for food to pass through the body, but added it could have been much longer. Capture and arrest In December 1975, two police officers, Tony White and Stuart Mackenzie, were in a panda car in a side road keeping a watch on the main A60 trunk road leading out of Mansfield in North Nottinghamshire when they spotted a small wiry man scurrying by carrying a holdall. As he passed the police car he averted his face, drawing Mackenzie's attention. As a matter of routine, they called him over to question him. The man said he was on his way home from work, then produced a sawn-off shotgun from the holdall. He ordered White into the back of the car. The policeman opened the car door but the gunman snapped,"No time for that, climb the seat"! The officer did so with alacrity and the gunman settled himself in the passenger seat, jamming the gun into Mackenzie's armpit. He ordered them to drive to Blidworth , six miles away and told them not to look at him. This presented PC Mackenzie with a problem. Gently he explained to the gunman that they were going the wrong way and he would have to turn the car round. The gunman agreed but warned both officers if there were any tricks they would both be dead. As they were driving along Southwell Road the gunman asked if they had any rope. As White pretended to look, Mackenzie reached a junction in the road. Turning the steering wheel violently one way then the other, he asked,"which way, left or right"? causing the gunman to look toward the road ahead. White saw the gun drop a few inches and realised this was his chance; he pushed the gun forwards and Mackenzie stamped on the brake. They screeched to a halt outside The Junction Chip Shop in Rainworth. The gun went off, grazing White's hand. MacKenzie fell out of the driver's seat, banging his head on the road. He staggered to his feet and ran towards the fish and chip shop screaming for help. Two men, Roy Morris and Keith Wood, ran from the queue outside the chip shop and helped overpower Neilson. Wood subdued the gunman with a karate chop to the neck before Morris grabbed his wrists and held them for White to snap the handcuffs on. The locals attacked him so severely that in the end the police had to protect him. They hauled Neilson to iron railings at the side of a bus stop and handcuffed him there before calling for back-up, and when they found two panther hoods on him, they realised that they had probably caught the most wanted man in the U.K. In the subsequent investigation, Neilson's fingerprints were found to match one of those in the drain shaft. In the interview at Kidsgrove police station when he confessed to the kidnap of Whittle, Neilson gave an 18-page statement to DCS Harold Wright, head of Staffordshire CID, and Commander Morrison of Scotland Yard, with the statement handwritten by DCI Walter Boreham. Trial and conviction During his trial at Oxford Crown Court , Neilson's defence lawyer Gilbert Gray QC contended that Lesley Whittle had accidentally fallen from the ledge and had hanged herself, and that Neilson had fed her chicken soup, spaghetti and meatballs, and bought her fish and chips and chicken legs. These claims were contested by the prosecution as lies. Neilson had provided his victim with a sleeping bag designed to prevent hypothermia, mattresses, survival blankets, survival bags, a bottle of brandy, six paperback books, a copy of the Times, the magazines Vogue and Home, a small puzzle and two brightly coloured napkins. These items were found in the shaft, and in the subterranean canal running below it, by the police. While on remand, Neilson was interviewed by a forensic psychiatrist, Dr Hugo Buist Milne. Dr Milne's examination found no evidence of insanity. The psychiatrist told the defence team, "I've examined him and he's the classic psychopath of all time." After the case Milne said he was convinced of Neilson's truthfulness when he said he had not murdered Lesley Whittle. However, his claims that the other four deaths were accidental were dismissed by the psychiatrist as excuses for aggressive behaviour. Neilson's defence team, solicitor, Barrington Black, junior counsel, Norman Jones and leading counsel Gilbert Gray all remained convinced of their client's innocence of murder in the Whittle case believing his conviction was simply a reflection of public opinion, a backlash of the publicity given to the hunt for the kidnapper and killer and that he should have been convicted only of the lesser charge of manslaughter. [8 ] In July 1976, Neilson was convicted of the kidnapping and murder of Lesley Whittle, for which he was given a life sentence. Three weeks later he was convicted of the murders of two postmasters and the husband of a postmistress. [3 ] In total Neilson received five life sentences . [6 ] The judge also gave Neilson a further 61 years: 21 years for kidnapping Lesley Whittle and 10 years for blackmailing her mother. Three further sentences of 10 years each were imposed for the two burglary charges from which he stole guns and ammunition and for possessing the sawn off shotgun with intent to endanger life. All the sentences were to run concurrently. The judge told Neilson that the enormity of his crimes put him in a class apart from almost all other convicted murderers in recent years. Neilson was found not guilty of the attempted murders of sub-postmistress Margaret "Peggy" Grayland and PC Tony White but guilty of the lesser alternative charges of inflicting grievous bodily harm on Mrs Grayland and possessing a shotgun with the intent of endangering life at Mansfield. A charge of attempting to murder a security guard named Gerald Smith whom he shot six times while checking the Whittle ransom trail was left on file because of legal complications due to fact that Mr Smith died more than a year and a day after being shot. Had this charge gone ahead, he would have told the court that the six bullets had been fired at a dog but instead accidentally hit the unfortunate Mr Smith. The trial judge recommended that Neilson receive a whole life tariff . After the verdicts, his counsel, Gilbert Gray QC, visited him in the cells below the court. He found his client in the corner of his cell curled up in a foetal position, totally broken and dejected, filled with immense remorse for Lesley Whittle and her family. [9 ] 2008 appeal Following subsequent legal judgements in various other cases, and the implications of European Union Human Rights laws, Neilson was confirmed on numerous occasions to be on the Home Office's list of prisoners with whole life tariffs, as a succession of Home Secretaries ruled that life should mean life for Neilson. In 2008, Neilson applied to the High Court to have his minimum term reverted to 30 years. On 12 June 2008 Mr Justice Teare upheld the whole life tariff, saying: [10 ] [11 ] “ This is a case where the gravity of the applicant's offences justifies a whole life order. The manner in which the young girl was killed demonstrates that it too involved a substantial degree of premeditation or planning. It also involved the abduction of the young girl. The location and manner of Lesley Whittle's death indicates that she must have been subjected by the applicant to a dreadful and horrific ordeal. ” Death In 2008, Neilson was diagnosed with motor neurone disease , a progressive and fatal condition. [12 ] He was taken from Norwich Prison to Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital in the early hours of 17 December 2011 after developing breathing difficulties and was pronounced dead the following day	i don't know
Which nurse was called the Angel of Death after murdering 4 children in 1991?	1000+ images about Beverly Allitt on Pinterest \| Registered nurses, English and Angel of death Forward Children were the targets of nurse Beverly Allitt’s heinous acts, which included injecting potassium chloride into their bodies, in order to cause cardiac arrest. In a two week period, she attacked 13 children in her ward, killing 4. Psychiatrists concluded that Allit had Munchausen’s Syndrome by Proxy, which caused her to hurt & kill children in order to get attention from others. Allit is serving 13 life sentences at Rampton Maximum Security Hospital, where the criminally insane are… See More	Beverley Allitt
Which British serial killer was played by Richard Attenborough in a 1971 movie?	10 Medical Professionals Who Were Actually Murderers (dr death, evil doctors, killer nurse) - ODDEE 10 Medical Professionals Who Were Actually Murderers 8/9/2013 Tweet "Primum non nocere" is a Latin phrase which means "First, do no harm," and it is the foundation on which medicine is based. However, there are some medical professionals who use the profession's social status and easy access to drugs to perform heinous acts of cruelty against their patients. In most cases, their crimes go undetected for years, until they finally take their murderous tendencies too far. Read on to learn about ten doctors and nurses whose unfortunate patients quickly became victims. 1 Josef Mengele: the “Angel of Death” who operated without anesthesia, sewed twins together and killed thousands Dr. Josef Mengele was an SS Physician at the Nazi concentration camp in Auschwitz during the Second World War. As Jewish prisoners were lead off the trains into the camp, Dr. Mengele would stand in his white coat with his arms outstretched, earning him the nickname "Angel of Death." The doctor's job was to examine each person to see if he or she was healthy enough to enter the forced labor camp or not. Those deemed unfit to work were immediately lead to the gas chambers. The doctor was also known for his harsh "solutions" to minor problems. For example, he once ordered all seven hundred and fifty women in a dormitory to be gassed because of an outbreak of head lice. However, it was not the doctor's role in these crimes against humanity that earned him his notoriety. Rather, it was his fondness for performing forced medical experiments on the prisoners, especially on twins and children. Mengele operated on people without using anesthesia, often removing their organs, amputating limbs, injecting dyes into eyeballs in an attempt to change the eye color, and sewing twins together to form monstrous conjoined siblings. Most of Mengele's patients died on the operating table, or quickly afterward, due to infection. After the war, Mengele fled to South America, where he lived until his death in 1979. Though he was a wanted Nazi war criminal, he was never captured and brought to justice. ( Source \| Photo ) 2 Jane Toppan: the nurse who killed at least 31 patients with morphine Jane Toppan was an American nurse who killed thirty-one of her patients by administering lethal injections of morphine. Over the course of two decades while working in the Boston, Massachusetts area, Toppan may have actually killed upwards of seventy people altogether. As a young, attractive twenty-six year-old nurse, Toppan was able to hide her dark obsession with death from nearly everyone she worked with. Even as a nursing student, she would alter her patients' medicine dosages to see what would happen to their nervous systems, and once she became a Registered Nurse she took her skills to the next level, administering overdoses of morphine and atropine. Toppan finally slipped up when she murdered a man whom she was caring for as a private nurse. Along with Alden Davis, Toppan also killed two of his daughters, leaving a third daughter to go to police and start an investigation. Once one of the Davis girls was exhumed, authorities discovered that she had been poisoned, and it didn't take much to figure out who was behind the treachery. After Toppan was caught, she is quoted as saying that she wanted to kill more people than anyone who has ever lived before. She confessed to thirty-one of her murders, and provided details to solve them. Since Toppan had a well-documented history of attempted suicide, she was committed to a mental hospital, where she lived for forty years until her death in 1938. ( Source \| Photo ) 3 Michael Swango: the doctor who killed at least 30 patients, poisoned coworkers, then killed some more in Africa Though American doctor Michael Swango appeared to be handsome and congenial in nature, signs of his inner mental instability were noticeable to colleagues even while he was attending medical school. Swango's classmates observed that he often worked on a scrapbook containing images of horrific, bloody disasters, and they worried that some of the basic anatomical knowledge expected from a physician was sorely lacking. However, no one knew how scary Swango really was until they discovered years later that he had killed between thirty and sixty of his patients. As an intern in 1983, Swango's patients started quietly dying after he had been in the room with him. Though nurses alerted hospital officials at Ohio State University, their cursory investigations revealed nothing, and Swango continued to practice medicine without reproach. He moved to Illinois, taking a job as an ambulance driver because he admitted that he liked seeing the blood and gore of accidents. It was there that his coworkers again became suspicious of him. Swango began slowly poisoning his coworkers with ant poison, sending them home sick with terrible stomach pains. After a particularly bad episode involving a tainted batch of donuts, his coworkers set a trap for Swango by leaving him alone in a room with a pitcher of iced tea. They later had the tea tested in a lab and found that Swango had indeed put ant poison in the tea. A police search of Swango's home found chemicals, weapons, and handwritten recipes for poison. He was arrested and served two years of his five year sentence. Incredibly, after being released for good behavior, he was able to move to a different state and lie his way into another job in the medical field. Swango's past caught up with him wherever he went, until he finally forged his credentials again to continue his murderous practice in a remote hospital in Africa. After poisoning more patients in Africa, Swango skipped out of the ensuing scandal and hid in Europe for several years. When he finally tried to re-enter the United States in 1997, officials were waiting for him at the airport. He was arrested and sentenced to life in prison without parole. ( Source \| Photo ) 4 John Bodkin Adams: the doctor who made over a hundred elderly patients include him in their wills Dr. John Bodkin Adams was a British doctor who, between 1946 and 1956, may have been responsible for the death of over one hundred and sixty of his patients. Dr. Adams was a general practitioner who was especially friendly towards his elderly female patients. He would dote on them to the point where they seemingly decided to rewrite their wills. In fact, one hundred and thirty-two of these patients added Dr. Adams to their wills just before they passed away. The interesting thing about this doctor is that he was never found guilty of murder or other professional negligence, leading some people to wonder if Dr. Adams was helping his patients euthanize themselves. However, a later trial regarding thirteen additional offences, including prescription fraud, lying on cremation forms, obstructing a police search, and failing to keep a dangerous drugs register, earned him a guilty verdict and stripped him of his medical degree. After two failed attempts, Adams got his license back in 1961. After he was acquitted on the murder charges, Adams kept practicing medicine until he died of natural causes. This case instigated many important changes to the English legal system. ( Source \| Photo ) 5 Dorothea Waddingham: the nurse who was hanged after killing a mother and her daughter Though Dorothea Waddingham was not a Registered Nurse, she ran a nursing home near Nottingham, England for many years. Waddingham, who was a wife and mother to five children, began taking elderly invalids into her home in the early 1930s. Two of these women were mother and daughter. First the mother died, and shortly afterward the younger woman also passed away. It was then that their family discovered that the younger woman had recently changed her will to leave everything to Waddingham. She had also added some bizarre details, such as a desire to be cremated immediately after her death, and she requested that her family not be notified when she died. In order to have a cremation, two doctor's signatures were required to sign off on her death certificate. The first doctor was well-known to Waddingham and signed off with no issues. The second doctor was suspicious, especially in light of the woman's recent changes to her will. He ordered an autopsy of her body and found large amounts of morphine in her system. After examining the deceased mother's remains, they found that she had also died from a morphine overdose. Waddingham was found guilty of murder and insurance fraud and was sentenced to death. As a young mother of five children, one of whom was just three months old and still breastfeeding, the execution drew ten thousand protesters who chanted, "Stop this mother murder!" Nevertheless, Waddingham was hanged for her crimes in 1936. ( Source \| Photo ) 6 H.H. Holmes: America's first Serial Killer H.H. Holmes was an American physician who is known to have murdered between twenty and one hundred people, though his victims may have actually numbered as high as two hundred people. During his schooling at the University of Michigan Medical School, Holmes began to steal bodies from the lab and take out bogus insurance policies on them. He would then disfigure the corpses and claim they had been in an accident so that he could cash out the policies. Holmes moved to Chicago and began to associate with nefarious characters. He also became a polygamist, keeping three wives at the same time, none of whom knew about the others. After swindling a widow out of her husband's pharmacy business, Holmes built a huge hotel that took up three store fronts and resembled a castle. He forced his employees to take out life insurance policies in which he was the beneficiary, and then he started murdering them to collect the money. Holmes favored female victims, and his employees and hotel guests frequently disappeared. Since the Chicago World Fair was taking place, it was not altogether unusual for people to come and go in the Chicago area, so his crimes went unnoticed for quite some time. In the hotel, Holmes had built rooms that were rigged with gas lines, along with airtight vaults and other horrific torture devices. He would torture and kill people in the basement, then dismember some of the bodies and sell their organs and skeletons to medical research labs. After he was finally caught, Holmes was sentenced to death by hanging in 1897. Holmes' hanging was gruesome; his neck didn't break. Instead, he strangled to death over the course of fifteen to twenty minutes. ( Source \| Photo ) 7 Jayant Patel: the surgeon who's linked to 87 deaths, yet found "not guilty" twice Though American surgeon Jayant Patel has been linked to about eighty-seven deaths among his patients between the years of 2003 and 2005, he has been found not guilty by the Australian court system not once, but twice. 8 Beverley Allitt: the nurse who injected children with air bubbles and insulin Beverley Allitt is a nurse who worked in the children's ward at Grantham and Kesteven Hospital, Lincolnshire, England. During the course of fifty-nine horrible days in 1991, Allitt murdered four children in the hospital by administering lethal doses of insulin and injecting air bubbles into their blood streams. She also attempted to murder three other children, and badly injured six more. Allitt was caught and sentenced to thirteen life sentences for her crimes. Though we'll never know exactly why Allitt started murdering her young patients in the hospital, in prison she was diagnosed with Münchausen syndrome by proxy. This controversial psychological condition is described as "involving a pattern of abuse in which a perpetrator ascribes to, or physically falsifies illnesses in someone under their care to attract attention." ( Source 1 \| Source 2 \| Photo ) 9 Arnfinn Nesset: the nursing home manager who murdered 22 patients and is now free While working as a nurse and nursing home manager, Norwegian Arnfinn Nesset murdered at least twenty-two patients. He also committed document forgery and embezzlement and was convicted of attempted murder, as well. It's possible that his victims numbered closer to one hundred and thirty, but many of those cases could not be definitively pinned to him. After a series of suspicious deaths in the nursing home he managed, Nesset confessed to the murders of twenty-seven of his patients by injecting them with suxamethonium chloride, a muscle relaxer. He later recanted his confession. Nevertheless, he was convicted of poisoning twenty-two patients in 1983. Sentenced to only twenty-one years in prison, which was the maximum sentence under Norwegian law at the time, Nesset served just twelve of those years and is now free. He is thought to be living under an assumed name. ( Source \| Photo ) 10 Harold Shipman: the British Doc who killed over two hundred people for the money In 2000, Dr. Harold Shipman became the only British doctor to be successfully prosecuted for the murder of his patients. Shipman was found guilty of murdering fifteen patients, though an investigation known as the 2002 Shipman Inquiry concluded that he had actually murdered an additional two hundred people for which he was never charged. Like other doctors on this list, it was the nurses who worked alongside Shipman who first noticed that many of his patients were dying after being alone with him in their rooms. They were also concerned about how many cremation forms the doctor needed to have signed by a second physician. After alerting the authorities, yet another cursory investigation turned up nothing, so the doctor went about his devious business unabated. It wasn't until Shipman made a huge mistake that he was finally caught. He had killed an older patient and forged a new will, cutting the woman's children out and leaving himself a very large monetary inheritance. The patient's daughter insisted on an investigation, and when the patient's body was exhumed coroners discovered that she had overdosed on a form of medicinal heroin. After searching Shipman's home, they found the typewriter that he had used to forge her new will. Once Shipman was arrested, an investigation exposed his pattern of administering lethal overdoses of diamorphine, signing patients' death certificates, and then falsifying medical records to "prove" that they had been in poor health. Shipman was sentenced to fifteen consecutive life sentences in 2000. He later committed suicide by hanging himself in his jail cell in 2004. ( Source \| Photo ) From the Web	i don't know
What alias was used by Robert LeRoy Parker?	Alias Alias > > > > The History Mystery Examiner Online > The Mystery of Butch and Sundance > Alias Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, The Tall Texan, Doc Holliday, Cattle Kate Watson, Calamity Jane. The history of the west is full of men and women with some very colorful names. Some were vicious outlaws, some were lawmen, and others were simply colorful characters. Most of these names were a nickname or alias used to hide their true identity. Learn about the people behind some of the old west's best names in our alias quiz on the games page. "Wild Bill" Hickok-- Was a Sheriff, a Cavalry Scout, an army spy, and a performer in several Wild West shows. Hickok's real name was James. One story claims Hickok received his nickname when he stopped an unruly mob from hanging a young boy and women shouted out "good for you Wild Bill". "Wild Bill" Hickok was shot in the back while he played cards in the Dakota Territory on August 2, 1876. "Flat Nose" George Curry- Like many outlaws "Flat Nose" George Curry began his outlaw ways as a simple cattle thief. Then he moved on to robbing banks and trains. He even rode with the Wild Bunch for several years. George got his nickname after a horse kicked him in the nose. Like most outlaws "Flat Nose" George Curry was tracked down and killed by a posse. They shot him and dumped his body in an unmarked grave near Thompson, Utah. Butch Cassidy-Butch Cassidy was born Robert Leroy Parker in 1866. As a teenager Parker met the outlaw Mike Cassidy and took his last name. Later he worked for a short time as a butcher in Wyoming. The infamous Butch Cassidy was born. When you are a criminal as well known as Butch Cassidy it is necessary to use a false name to hide your identity. Butch had many including George Cassidy and Lowe Maxwell. Cattle Kate Watson-Her real name was Ella and she grew up in Kansas. But Cattle Kate Watson became famous for her cattle rustling ways in Johnson County Wyoming. Kate and James Averill were accused of stealing stray calves from the open range, branding them, and quickly selling them. Soon the large cattle ranchers tired of the thieving ways of Watson and Averill. They decided to take the law into their own hands. Kate and James Averill were taken from their homes at gunpoint and hung from a dead Cottonwood Tree. This incident marked the beginning of the Johnson County War, a long and bloody fight for control of the Wyoming cattle business.	Butch Cassidy
Betty Driver played which role in Coronation Street?	Butch Cassidy & Sundance Kid - The Wild West Butch Cassidy & Sundance Kid Wild West Outlaws and Lawmen Butch Cassidy & Sundance Kid Robert Leroy Parker was a train robber and outlaw who went by the name of "Butch Cassidy". He was born in 1866 after his parents settled in Mormon country in Utah. As a teenager he fell under the influence of a cowboy rustler named Mike Cassidy who taught him how to shoot, ride and rope and other necessary horse thieving tricks.After traveling with Cassidy to Telluride, Colorado, "Butch' fell in with the bank robbing duo of Tom McCarty and Matt Warner. He took part in an aborted train robbery in 1887 but robbed banks in Denver and Telluride.At first, he used the alias of George Cassidy but after working at a butcher shop in Rock Springs, Wyoming, he became known as Butch Cassidy which stayed with him for the rest of his life.Butch switched from honest labor (mine employee, butcher, cowboy) to outlaw activities, and became part of an outlaw stronghold of brown's Hole, a rugged mountain camp at the Green River, bordering Utah, Colorado and Wyoming. It was there that he met Harry Longabaugh - better known as "The Sundance Kid" - and other members of the camp who eventually formed ' The Wild Bunch" gang.Butch was sentenced to two years in the Wyoming State Prison in 1892 for cattle rustling. After his release, he went back to Brown's Hole, collected some men and began a five year run of robbing banks and trains. They hid out in places like "Hole-in-the-Wall" and "Robber's Roost", deep canyons of northern Wyoming and southeastern Utah. On at least one occasion, his gang used too much dynamite and blew a train's baggage car to bits.In September 1901, Butch and two others robbed the First National Bank in Winnemucca, Nevada making off with $32,000. They sought refuge in Forth Worth, Texas and while there, Butch, and Sundance, along with some other gang members posed in fancy suits and derby hats and had their picture taken. Brazenly, Butch sent the picture to the Winnemnucca bank, thanking its owners for the fine duds. Pinkerton Detectives used the photo to close in on the gang.In late 1901, Butch, Sundance and Sundance's mistress, Etta Place, sailed to South America, where it is believed they operated a ranch in Argentina before resorting to bank and train robbery. They ended up in Bolivia in 1908 and legend has it that the men were killed by Bolivian soldiers in either 1909 or 1911 after robbing a mine payroll. Other versions maintain that both men returned to the United States and lived out their lives separately: Butch was said to have visited his family in Utah in 1925; another version claims he served as a mercenary in the Mexican revolution and later lived in Spokane, Washington under the name of William T. Phillips where he operated a business and died in 1937. Sundance, according to one version, married Etta and lived for years in Mexico and New Mexico and then died in 1957 at the age of 96. The film "Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid" depicted their deaths in Bolivia. Robert Leroy Parker's Aliases:	i don't know
Which fictional character drove a white Volvo P1800?	The Saint - Retro TV Sales & Advertising The Saint starred Roger Moore as Simon Templar. The fictional detective and thief was created by Leslie Charteris in the 1920s and featured in many novels and novellas over the years. Moore drove a white Volvo P1800 on the show with a license plate reading "ST1". Moore's portrayal of Templar was considered a training ground for his later work as James Bond. He was reportedly offered the role of 007 at least twice during the run of the series, but had to turn it down both times owing to his television commitments. In one early episode of the series, a character actually mistakes Templar for Bond. Roger Moore had earlier tried to buy the production rights to the Saint books himself and was delighted to be able to play the part. Moore eventually became co-owner of the show with Robert S. Baker when the show moved to colour and the production credit became Bamore Productions. Most of the wardrobe Moore wore in the series was his own. Although Moore had a few recurring co-stars, most notably Ivor Dean, who took over the role of Templar's nemesis/reluctant ally, Inspector Teal, he was the only actor to feature for the entire run of the show. This was in keeping with the later format of the Charteris novels, wherein the Saint usually worked alone. In early books, however, Templar had a team of compatriots, as well as a regular girlfriend, but these characters do not appear in the programme. Inspector Teal had been previously played by Norman Pitt and Wensley Pithey. From the episode "Iris" (7 Nov 1963), Ivor Dean took over. He had previously starred as a bad guy in the series, in the "Hollywood" episode. The Saint began as a straightforward mystery series, but over the years adopted more secret agent and fantasy-style plots. It also made a well-publicised switch from black-and-white to colour production midway through its run. The early episodes are distinguished by Moore breaking the fourth wall and speaking to the audience in character at the start of every episode. With the switch to colour, this was replaced by simple narration. Invariably, the pre-credits sequence ended with someone referring to the Saint as "the famous Simon Templar", at which point an animated halo appeared above Templar's head as the actor usually looked at the camera or directly at the halo. Some episodes such as "Iris" broke away from this formula and had Templar address the audience for the entire pre-credits sequence, setting up the story that followed. Many episodes were based upon Charteris's stories, although a higher percentage of original scripts appeared as the series progressed ("Queen's Ransom" was both the first colour episode and the first episode not to be based on a Charteris work). The novel Vendetta for the Saint, credited to Charteris but written by Harry Harrison, was one of the last Saint stories to be adapted. Some of the later scripts were novelised and published as part of the ongoing series of The Saint novels, such as The Fiction Makers and The People Importers. The first of these books, which gave cover credit to Charteris but were actually written by others, was The Saint on TV, and the series of novelisations continued for several years after the television programme had ended. Retro Knows... The producers of the movie went to the Jaguar Company to ask for a free car in return for the publicity that would follow a successful television series. Jaguar refused, so the producers went to Volvo which was more than happy to risk one P1800 coupe, and the publicity, as it turned out, far outweighed the value of the car.	The Saint
Minnie Driver was nominated for an Academy Award for her role in Good Will Hunting in 1997, but who played the title role?	Volvo 1800 and The Saint JOIN/RENEW The Saint and his Volvo 1800 This article represents what is known about Volvo 1800's and the Saint but if any reader has further information or locations of other cars used, the author would be very pleased to receive details. Thanks go to Peter Nelson, Kevin Price and Mike Stanton for assisting with information for this article, while reference was also made to Burl Barer's Saint history. Copyright: M. S. Curtis 1996. MSC 090996 It was during the spring of 1965 that I bought my first Volvo P 1800. It was 3½ inches long and cost 4s 6d (serious money in those days for a school boy). This car was the very latest release from Corgi Toys and, like thousands of others, I was hooked! It wasn't just that the lines of this car were among the most exciting ever to be seen on our roads; nor was it its bright white paintwork - something that's been essential on all the real cars I later owned. No, what made this car really special was the fact that this was the car Simon Templar drove, and Corgi toys were very cleverly (and for the first time) exploiting the connection between a motor car and a star of the TV screen, for "The Saint" was among the top rated British television shows throughout the 1960's - and Volvo 1800 cars were as much a part of the performance as Roger Moore who played the leading character. The Volvo P1800 entered full scale production during May 1961. This followed the model's unveiling to the public at the Brussels show in January 1960, where an Italian-built prototype was displayed. Like other prototype and pre-production cars, its radiator grille incorporated a 'V' motif which was not perpetuated on production models, although this was included in the Corgi casting (as were cow- horn bumpers, front and rear) suggesting the model was planned at an early stage. Indeed, an earlier P1800 model had already appeared as part of Corgi's standard range of model cars, one of which was featured in the 15th episode of the TV series, and it was possibly this that caused Corgi to embark on the idea of a Saint version of the model car. The second "Saint" car, 77 GYL, was part of the 'Cars of the Stars' Motor Museum display at Keswick until it closed in 2011. It is now believed to be owned by an enthusiast in the USA. Finished in bright white, it carries a Saint logo on the bonnet - just like the Corgi models did - although such a device was never actually carried in the TV series. When released for general sale to the public, the real P1800 was a truly international car. Whilst based solidly on Swedish design, the striking body lines were derived from Italian thinking and made this model unlike any other Volvo. Engine and gearbox were of course pure Volvo while the rear axle was American and many other components were of UK or European origin. Its monocoque body shell was produced in Scotland by Pressed Steel and because of insufficient capacity in Volvo's Swedish plants, the model was initially assembled by Jensen in West Bromwich. And with its 1780cc engine capable of producing 100 bhp, there was no shortage of power from this stunning newcomer. 1961 was also the year in which a new British television series was being planned. This was to be based on Leslie Charteris' character Simon Templar, alias "The Saint" - which was also to be the series title. For many, this series was to be their first introduction to the character, but in fact Simon Templar first appeared in a Charteris novel in 1928. This was followed by dozens more books, comics, radio stories and films so that by the time the TV series was planned Simon Templar was already one of the longest running characters in detective fiction. Simon Templar was essentially a British 'hero', although his adventures took him around the globe and he had naturally 'driven' a great deal during his first three decades, his own cars including the fictional Furillac and Hirondel in the Charteris novels. For the television stories, the Saint's car was to be a regular and significant feature and the production team was looking for an exciting sports model which reflected both the performance and style of the main character. What happened next is now legendary. Another new sports car which had recently been introduced was Jaguar's spectacular E-type. The programme makers decided this was the model they wanted for the Saint who, following their failure to sign Patrick McGoohan, was now to be played by Roger Moore. An approach was made to Jaguar to supply a white E-type for the series but the company declined, believing that the' did not need additional publicity an could sell as many E-types as they could produce anyway. Faced with this decision, an alternative sports car o distinctive design was sought and Volvo' was hurriedly approached to provide; white P1800. A London Volvo agent obliged by providing a gleaming, bright white P1800 (registered 71 DXC). All parties were oblivious to the fact the Volvo was about to receive more publicity for its 1800 Series than it could ever have achieved by any other means and the TV company reputedly paid the full list price for the first 1800 car. As many readers will remember, or screen the Saint's car carried registration ST1; but this was added purely for] filming, the plates often crudely hooked over the official number plate while shooting took place. Filming commenced in 1962 and the TV series was an immediate success being screened around the world From the very first episode- entitled "The Talented Husband" the car made regular and often lengthy appearances. Twenty--six episodes were initially commissioned which frequently featured the bright white Jensen-built model. A mock-up of the inside of the car was also created for interior shots which was almost perfect - apart from the omission of interior lights on the rear pillars. In one episode, this interior (together with Volvo engine sounds!) was used to act as the inside of an Aston Martin DB5 - which carried registration BMT 216A, which many will recognise as the number carried on an Aston in the 1964 James Bond film, 'Goldfinger'. As the series progressed, the Saint was to be seen regularly driving his Volvo in France and Germany, and in one episode in the Bahamas - which took some explaining since the story involved the Saint flying in and out of that location! In reality, the car didn't leave British shores but clever editing linked scenes of real locations to studio shots at Elstree. Some driving sequences were taken 'on location', often with a "stand-in" at the wheel and a clever trick used more than once was to print a traffic scene in reverse on screen to create the illusion of the car driving on the right-hand side of the road! One of the most exciting sequences was filmed for an episode called 'The Rough Diamonds' where a spectacular car chase takes place in Central London with Simon Templar pursued by villains in a Ford Zephyr 4 (the villains' car was inevitably a Ford Zephyr for British stories or a white Citroen if the plot was set in France). The drama of the chase was filmed on London streets among real London traffic - and would be difficult if not impossible to undertake today without closing the roads to the public at large. During 1963, assembly of Volvo Pl800s was transferred from the UK to Sweden and a few minor changes to the detail of the car occurred with this move, while an 'S' suffix was added to the model designation. Not surprisingly, the huge impact made on the popularity of this model by its appearance in the series was now obvious to everyone and, late in 1963 a new Swedish-built P1800S was supplied to add to the previous car. This car was registered 77 GYL and, significantly, in addition to its film role was also to be Roger Moore's own personal car for the next few years. However, among the changes caused by the transfer of production to Sweden was an alteration to the range of colours in which the cars were finished, and instead of bright white the nearest available alternative from the range of standard colours for Swedish-built Volvo cars was Pearl white - which was much 'creamier' than the previous shade. In view of the image created by the Saint's white Volvo, this seems an extraordinary situation for although the TV series continued to be filmed in black and white - so it was virtually impossible to tell the difference on screen - a customer wishing to purchase a white Saint-car look-a-like had, from now on, to be content with a rather disappointing 'cream' compared with that originally portrayed on TV. Another variation with the Swedish-built cars was that they featured Volvo's standard chrome hub caps with red 'V' emblems in the centre. It was decided however to fit Jensen-style discs on the new Saint car (which production. 'Swedish' models never had) to maintain continuity of appearance, but in episode fifty-five entitled 'The Contract', three scenes occur, intermingled with others, showing the car before the wheel trims were switched. Frequently, episodes featured scenes with both the 'Jensen' car and later 'S' models interspersed but the only occasion when two 1800s appeared side-by-side on screen was in 'The Miracle Tea Party' where a scene at Waterloo Station shows the Saint's car passing a dark-coloured 1800. Whether this was coincidence, or was perhaps Leslie Charteris' own car (as it is believed he too drove an 1800 for a while) is unknown. As production of these cars continued in Sweden, now known as the "1800S", several further detail changes took place - as is regularly the case with car production. The point was therefore reached where the TV series was in danger of portraying an out-of-date car as modified bumpers, grille and yet another type of wheel and hub cap had been introduced. It was therefore decided to provide Simon Templar with an up-to--date 1800S with modifications consistent with those introduced from 1965. To achieve this the programme producers imaginatively devised a situation in 'The Frightened Inn-Keeper' (story no.61), in which the Saint's car was blown-up (needless to say - without the hero inside). This incident conveniently took place behind a hedge so no actual damage to a car was necessary! This story began with a bright white 'Jensen' model in the opening sequences, which could have been 71 DXC, the original car, as all the details such as aerial and GB plate matched, except bullet-style wing mirrors were fitted. After the explosion, the story-line involved the Saint taking delivery of a replacement car, and a shiny 1800S with the latest features arrived on screen. This could well have been yet another car but it has been suggested that in fact it remained 77 GYL, as its bumpers, wheels etc were modified to the latest style for continued film work. In this updated form the car continued to be prominent, but continuity errors continued during following episodes, with scenes mixed with older car(s) from time to time, including two episodes later in 'The Smart Detective' in which the London car chase scenes were re-used! Roger Moore next to one of the 1967 cars, NUV647E, which featured sports wheels and were used until the end of the series. Polygram/Pictorial Press. By the end of 1965, seventy-one episodes had been made and "The Saint" was to switch from black & white to colour. Although still a few years away, this was in readiness for the coming of British colour TV and also catered for certain overseas markets, but the next series could initially still only be broadcast in the UK as a black and white transmission. It was to be several years before British viewers could enjoy re-runs of "The Saint" - and later still home video versions - in full colour. From this point the cream, rather than bright white car colour became obvious in many scenes - although some shots appeared to continue to suggest the car paintwork was bright white. It is possible an original Jensen car remained with modified grille and bumpers, or a car had been repainted. A third possibility is that photographically a brighter shade is conveyed, especially in night scenes, as this is certainly often the case even today with still colour photography of these cars. The interior of all Saint Volvos used up to this point was red, including the interior mock-up which remained in regular use, even though clearly based on a 'Jensen' design with its distinctive parcel shelf arrangement. After 14 colour episodes, the 1800S appeared on screen with a further modification as eight-spoke sports wheels were now to be seen, but Volvo was by this time making still further improvements to its 1800 range including replacement of the curved side chrome trim with a straight design, while power had now reached 115 bhp. Existing versions could not easily be updated and, in any case, the TV cars were growing older in other respects too. As a consequence, further changes to the TV Saint's transport occurred during 1967. Early that year two new cars were delivered to completely replace the earlier models. Registered NUV 647/8E, they were again finished in the cream 'Pearl white' shade rather than bright white (the latter remaining unavailable yet Volvo publicity continued to illustrate cars in bright white!); and spoked wheels similar to those introduced on the previous car were also fitted. Internally, one was upholstered in red and was for Roger Moore's private use, while the other, with black interior, was primarily for film work. These cars remained until the Roger Moore Saint programmes ceased to be made in 1969, receiving reflective 'ST 1' number plates for the final episodes. Forty-three colour versions of "The Saint" were made together with two feature-length stories, making 116 programmes in total when added to the earlier black and white productions, the majority including the Volvo cars. With the exception of the Bahamas story mentioned earlier, whenever the Saint appeared in an overseas location where he would have been unlikely to have taken his car, a different type of local car became his means of transport - although it was invariably white. Just once, in an English story entitled "The Checkered Flag", did the Saint appear - without any explanation - driving a Bentley Continental. "The Saint" was produced during a period when British television was itself rapidly developing, and private car ownership was booming. The series promoted Volvo 1800s in a way that is difficult to parallel and which could never have been achieved by any other method, yet all this occurred largely by accident! As a result, this model will always be associated with the Roger Moore Saint series. During the late 1970's, the programme concept was revived as 'Return of the Saint' starring Ian Ogilvy. Again a white car carrying registration ST1 was used but this time it was a Jaguar XJS - Jaguar choosing not to miss the opportunity to feature one of its cars in this series (!) - and there was even a Corgi version of this car. But the new series did not enjoy the success of the earlier versions. Later still, Simon Dutton took on the role of Templar for a short run of feature length stories filmed in the 1980s, and reverted to the darker side of Leslie Charteris' character. His car became a dark blue Jensen Interceptor with registration reversed as '1 ST'. This registration now adorns a Rolls Royce in the West Country while the previous ST1 is currently carried by a Mini in London. Of the original Volvo cars used for film work, there is no record of 71 DXC or NUV 647E. However sister car NUV 648E, which was sold for almost £50,000 after the series, now resides at the Cars of the Stars Motor Museum at Keswick, as does 77 GYL which now forms part of the principal display carrying "Corgi Toys" livery - having been resprayed bright white with a Saint logo painted on the bonnet.	i don't know
What is the surname of the only Russian F1 driver in the 2010 season?	From Sergey Zlobin to Sochi - Russia’s route to the F1 grid From Sergey Zlobin to Sochi - Russia’s route to the F1 grid Share Recent years have seen a rapid rise in Formula One interest in Russia, with the debut - and growing success - of both teams and drivers from the country. Proof of that interest was realised in Sochi last season with the very first Grand Prix on Russian soil. On the eve of this year’s race, we chart the milestone’s that paved the way… September 2002 - Zlobin first in at Minardi Info Close Hard to believe, but before little known racer Sergey Zlobin climbed aboard a Minardi PS01 in Fiorano testing in September 2002, no Russian had ever driven an F1 car in anger. Zlobin, now 45 and racing successfully in the World Endurance Series, took part in four further tests with the Italian team, but sadly a deal to make him Russia’s first F1 driver never came off. March 2006 - MF1 race into the history books Info Close After 15 seasons, the Jordan team name disappeared for good in 2006 following a takeover by Russian-born businessman Alex Shnaider and his Midland Group. Christened MF1 Racing in deference to their new owners, the Silverstone-based squad thus became the first Russian-registered F1 team, making their debut in Bahrain with Tiago Montiero and Christijan Albers at the wheel. March 2010 - the new Russian premier Info Close The next wave of Russian F1 interest was sparked by Vitaly Petrov, who in 2010 - some 60 years after the first world championship race - became the first man from his country to start a Grand Prix. Driving for Renault, the GP2 graduate qualified 17th on his Bahrain debut, before making an early exit with suspension issues. April 2010 - Vyborg Rocket races into the points Info Close Four races into his maiden season and Petrov became the first Russian to score F1 points when he came home seventh in China after late passes on Michael Schumacher and Mark Webber. It would be the first of five top-ten finishes for the man dubbed the ‘Vyborg Rocket’ in a solid rookie campaign. May 2010 - Petrov tames Turkey Info Close Three races after securing his first points, Petrov notched up another milestone as he captured the first (and only) fastest lap of his F1 career at Turkey’s testing Istanbul Park. More than five years later, it remains the only one recorded by a Russian driver. October 2010 - Sochi calling Info Close Hot on the heels of Petrov’s success, a deal was signed between Russian promoters and the Formula One group to stage the country’s first ever Grand Prix. The venue selected? The Black Sea resort of Sochi, host city of the 2014 Winter Olympic Games. March 2011 - Petrov podium the perfect medicine Info Close Petrov’s second F1 season got off to a bang as he captured his - and his country’s - first top-three finish with a hugely impressive drive to third place in Australia. With his Renault team still reeling from Robert Kubica’s horrific pre-season rally crash, the result also provided a major morale boost. March 2012 - Marussia make their mark… Having acquired a significant stake in Virgin Racing at the tail end of 2010, Russian sportscar manufacturer Marussia fully rebranded the squad for 2012, thus becoming history’s second Russian-registered F1 team when they took the grid in Australia. November 2013 - a new star on the scene Info Close Petrov departed F1 racing at the end of 2012, but Russia didn’t have to wait long for a new hero. Fresh from sealing the 2013 GP3 crown - and a Toro Rosso race seat for the following year - 19-year-old Daniil Kvyat made his Grand Prix weekend debut in the United States, taking part in FP1 in place of Jean-Eric Vergne. March 2014 - Kvyat proves a teen sensation Info Close Not content with being among the youngest F1 racers in history, at the 2014 Australian Grand Prix Kvyat - still 19 - became its youngest ever points-scorer after bringing his Toro Rosso home in a creditable ninth place. The Russian’s record has since been claimed by another of Toro Rosso’s rapid rookies, current driver Max Verstappen. May 2014 - Bianchi hits Monaco jackpot Info Close More history was made at the 2014 Monaco Grand Prix as Jules Bianchi scored the first points for a Russian-registered team, with an against-the-odds drive to ninth for Marussia. It had taken them (and predecessors Virgin Racing) 83 races to finally crack the top ten - and they haven’t returned since. October 2014 - the inaugural Russian Grand Prix Info Close Less than a month after its official opening, and in front of a capacity crowd, the brand-new Sochi circuit played host to the first ever Grand Prix on Russian soil. Sergey Sirotkin (pictured) became only the third Russian driver to take part in a race weekend, appearing for Sauber in FP1, but after qualifying a superb fifth - then the best ever grid slot for a Russian - Daniil Kvyat dropped to a disappointing 14th in his home event. July 2015 - Kvyat raises the bar	Vitaly Petrov
In the movie Taxi Driver, who played child prostitute Iris?	From Sergey Zlobin to Sochi - Russia’s route to the F1 grid From Sergey Zlobin to Sochi - Russia’s route to the F1 grid Share Recent years have seen a rapid rise in Formula One interest in Russia, with the debut - and growing success - of both teams and drivers from the country. Proof of that interest was realised in Sochi last season with the very first Grand Prix on Russian soil. On the eve of this year’s race, we chart the milestone’s that paved the way… September 2002 - Zlobin first in at Minardi Info Close Hard to believe, but before little known racer Sergey Zlobin climbed aboard a Minardi PS01 in Fiorano testing in September 2002, no Russian had ever driven an F1 car in anger. Zlobin, now 45 and racing successfully in the World Endurance Series, took part in four further tests with the Italian team, but sadly a deal to make him Russia’s first F1 driver never came off. March 2006 - MF1 race into the history books Info Close After 15 seasons, the Jordan team name disappeared for good in 2006 following a takeover by Russian-born businessman Alex Shnaider and his Midland Group. Christened MF1 Racing in deference to their new owners, the Silverstone-based squad thus became the first Russian-registered F1 team, making their debut in Bahrain with Tiago Montiero and Christijan Albers at the wheel. March 2010 - the new Russian premier Info Close The next wave of Russian F1 interest was sparked by Vitaly Petrov, who in 2010 - some 60 years after the first world championship race - became the first man from his country to start a Grand Prix. Driving for Renault, the GP2 graduate qualified 17th on his Bahrain debut, before making an early exit with suspension issues. April 2010 - Vyborg Rocket races into the points Info Close Four races into his maiden season and Petrov became the first Russian to score F1 points when he came home seventh in China after late passes on Michael Schumacher and Mark Webber. It would be the first of five top-ten finishes for the man dubbed the ‘Vyborg Rocket’ in a solid rookie campaign. May 2010 - Petrov tames Turkey Info Close Three races after securing his first points, Petrov notched up another milestone as he captured the first (and only) fastest lap of his F1 career at Turkey’s testing Istanbul Park. More than five years later, it remains the only one recorded by a Russian driver. October 2010 - Sochi calling Info Close Hot on the heels of Petrov’s success, a deal was signed between Russian promoters and the Formula One group to stage the country’s first ever Grand Prix. The venue selected? The Black Sea resort of Sochi, host city of the 2014 Winter Olympic Games. March 2011 - Petrov podium the perfect medicine Info Close Petrov’s second F1 season got off to a bang as he captured his - and his country’s - first top-three finish with a hugely impressive drive to third place in Australia. With his Renault team still reeling from Robert Kubica’s horrific pre-season rally crash, the result also provided a major morale boost. March 2012 - Marussia make their mark… Having acquired a significant stake in Virgin Racing at the tail end of 2010, Russian sportscar manufacturer Marussia fully rebranded the squad for 2012, thus becoming history’s second Russian-registered F1 team when they took the grid in Australia. November 2013 - a new star on the scene Info Close Petrov departed F1 racing at the end of 2012, but Russia didn’t have to wait long for a new hero. Fresh from sealing the 2013 GP3 crown - and a Toro Rosso race seat for the following year - 19-year-old Daniil Kvyat made his Grand Prix weekend debut in the United States, taking part in FP1 in place of Jean-Eric Vergne. March 2014 - Kvyat proves a teen sensation Info Close Not content with being among the youngest F1 racers in history, at the 2014 Australian Grand Prix Kvyat - still 19 - became its youngest ever points-scorer after bringing his Toro Rosso home in a creditable ninth place. The Russian’s record has since been claimed by another of Toro Rosso’s rapid rookies, current driver Max Verstappen. May 2014 - Bianchi hits Monaco jackpot Info Close More history was made at the 2014 Monaco Grand Prix as Jules Bianchi scored the first points for a Russian-registered team, with an against-the-odds drive to ninth for Marussia. It had taken them (and predecessors Virgin Racing) 83 races to finally crack the top ten - and they haven’t returned since. October 2014 - the inaugural Russian Grand Prix Info Close Less than a month after its official opening, and in front of a capacity crowd, the brand-new Sochi circuit played host to the first ever Grand Prix on Russian soil. Sergey Sirotkin (pictured) became only the third Russian driver to take part in a race weekend, appearing for Sauber in FP1, but after qualifying a superb fifth - then the best ever grid slot for a Russian - Daniil Kvyat dropped to a disappointing 14th in his home event. July 2015 - Kvyat raises the bar	i don't know
Thomas Watkins was a fictitious driver who appeared in which popular period drama of the mid 1970s.	Popular UK Seventies TV Programmes Popular UK Seventies TV Programmes UK (BBC) Drama. BBC 1 1978-80; 1983; 1985; 1988-90 Based on the celebrated autobiographical novels of James Herriot, All Creatures Great and Small proved to be an enormous success as a TV series, inspired by a 1974 cinema version featuring Simon Ward, and its 1976 sequel, It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet starring John Alderton. With Christopher Timothy now pulling on the vet's wellies, the TV adaptation (with its echoes of Dr. Findlay's Casebook ) took viewers back to the 1930s as Herriot arrives at Skeldale House, home of the veterinary practice in the North Riding town of Darroby (the real-life Askrigg). There he joins senior partner Siegfried Farnon (Robert Hardy), his easy-going brother, Tristan (Peter Davidson), and housekeeper Mrs. Hall (Mary Hignett), helps to build up the practice and deals with all manner of agricultural and domestic animal ailments. If James is not preventing foot and mouth or groping around up a cow's posterior, he is treating the likes of Tricki-Woo, the pampered Pekinese owned by villager Mrs. Pumphrey (Margaretta Scott). James meets and marries Helen Anderson (Carol Drinkwater, later played by Lynda Bellingham) who later bears him a son, Jimmy (Oliver Watson), and a daughter, Rosie (Rebecca Smith). The series "ends" after three years when James and Tristan head off to join the war effort (Herriot's original novels had run out). A couple of Christmas specials kept the concept alive during the early 1980s, before public clamor was answered with a new series in 1988. The series ran for three more seasons, plus another Christmas special. The programme's sweeping theme music was composed by Johnny Pearson. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (BBC) Antiques. BBC 1 1979- A Sunday afternoon favourite, Antiques Roadshow has travelled the length and breadth of the United Kingdom, inviting viewers to drop in and have their family heirlooms valued. Since the first broadcast in 1979, there has been much raiding of attics and basements across the land, in the hope of discovering something of value. Punters have queued up, cherished items in hand, awaiting the verdict of one of the experts, who have all been drawn from leading auction houses and dealerships. Participants have explained how the items came into their family's possession, and the specialists have then provided more background information, explaining where, when and by whom it was probably made, and winding up with a financial valuation. One piece a week has usually proved to be a real find -- a magnificent specimen of furniture, a long-lost work by a distinguished artist, etc. -- much to the delight of both the excited connoisseur and the gasping proprietor. Among the longest-serving experts are David Battie and Hugh Morley-Fletcher (both porcelain), Simon Bull (timepieces), Roy Butler (militaria), and David Collins and Philip Hook (both paintings). Some have become celebrities in their own right -- "potaholic" Henry Sandon, his son, John Sandon, furniture specialist John Bly, and ceramics man Eric Knowles, for instance. Hugh Scully hosted the proceedings for many years until his departure in 2000. A young person's special, entitled Antiques Roadshow - the Next Generation, has been screened occasionally. The main series also inspired a similarly successful American version of the same name, closely following the same format, that airs on the PBS network. ARE YOU BEING SERVED? UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1973-9; 1981; 1983; 1985 Chock-full of nudge-nudge, wink wink innuendo, this long-running farce centers on the members of staff in the clothing department on the first floor of Grace Brothers. Clearly divided into male and female sections, supervised by department manager Mr. Rumbold (Nicholas Smith) and floor walker Captain Stephen Peacock (Frank Thornton), the clothing section employs some well-defined comedy stereotypes. On the men's side there is swishy homosexual Mr. Wilberforce Humphries (John Inman), declaring "I'm free" whenever a customer needs attention and always poised to take that inside leg measurement. He works alongside grouchy old Mr. Ernest Grainger (Arthur Brough), and in later episodes Mr. Percival Tebbs (James Hayter), and the department junior, Mr. Dick Lucas (Trevor Bannister). In charge of the ladies' cash desks, amid the intimate apparel, is billowing Mrs. Slocombe, a superficially dignified mistress of the unfortunate phrase, who brings howls of laughter from the studio audience with her fluorescent rinses and her constant worries about her pussy. She is ably supported in the battle of the sexes by buxom young Miss Brahms. Overseeing the whole operation, and telling everyone that they've "done very well," is the store's owner, the doddery Young Mr. Grace (Harold Bennett), a failing geriatric with a dolly bird on each arm, who is superseded eventually by the equally senile Old Mr. Grace (Kenneth Walker). Mr. Harman (Arthur English) is the cantankerous caretaker who takes over for militant trade unionist Mr. Mash (Larry Martyn). Though plots were thin and obvious, the in-jokes kept coming -- for 12 years. The pilot for Are You Being Served? was an episode of Comedy Playhouse seen in 1972, and the series was based on writer Jeremy Lloyd's personal experience of working at Simpson's of Piccadilly. John Inman had a minor hit with a novelty spin-off record, "Are You Being Served, Sir," in 1975, and a feature film version was released in 1977. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com THE BENNY HILL SHOW UK (BBC) Comedy. BBC 1 1955-1968; Thames 1969-89 Benny Hill was a celebrated British funnyman whose saucy postcard style of humour made him a favourite around the world. Hill was one British comedy export who made even the Americans laugh (his show was syndicated in the US during the 1970s and 1980s), and his cheeky grin and feigned air of innocence enabled him to get away with smutty jokes and innuendoes that would have died in the hands of other comics. They certainly wouldn't have been aired in peak hours. The hallmarks of his shows were send-ups of other TV personalities (whether they were Moira Anderson, Fanny Cradock or Jimmy Hill); comic creations like the saluting half-wit, Fred Scuttle; bawdy songs that exhibited his skill with words -- such as his number-one hit, "Ernie (The Fastest Milkman in the West)"; and, most provocatively, slapstick chases involving scantily-clad women. Most of the time he was ably supported by stooges like Bob Todd, Henry McGee and Jack Wright. Hill's career began in music hall (including a period as a straight man to Reg Varney) and progressed to television via the radio comedy Educating Archie. His TV debut came in 1949 and his first series for the BBC was show in 1955. In 1964 he won plaudits for his portrayal of Bottom in "A Midsummer Night's Dream" and then, in 1969, Hill switched to Thames TV, where he stayed until his show was axed amid rows over sexism in 1989 (even though he had already toned down the voyeurism and ditched the steamy Hill's Angels dance troupe). Central was prepared to give him another bite of the cherry three years later but Hill died of a heart attack in 1992 before he could finish the series. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com BLESS THIS HOUSE UK (Thames) Situation Comedy. ITV 1971-4, 1976 Cheery, pipe-chewing Londoner Sid Abbott (Sidney James), a middle-aged stationery salesman, is fond of booze, women and football. He still considers himself one of the lads, but has little chance to prove it, as his long-suffering wife, Jean (Diana Coupland), is always around to keep him in check. They live in Birch Avenue, Putney, with their two teenage children Mike (Robin Stewart) and Sally (Sally Geeson), and this is where their real problems begin. Mike (trendily garbed in beads and Afghan coat) has just left art college and is far too busy protesting about this and that to find himself a job; with-it Sally, apple of her dad's eye, is in the final year of grammar school. Sadly their 1970s morals and vices are a touch too daring for their rather staid parents, who are constantly bemused at the permissive society and seldom fail to jump to the wrong conclusion. Trevor (Anthony Jackson) is Sid's next-door neighbour and drinking pal at the Hare and Hounds, with Betty (Patsy Rowlands) his nagging wife. A big ratings success, Bless This House numbered among writers Carla Lane and its creators, Vince Powell and Harry Driver. Produced by future Fifteen to One host William G. Stewart, it was Sid James's last major television series. Geoff Love wrote the theme music. A feature film version was issued in 1972. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (ABC/Thames) Secret Agent Drama. ITV 1967-72 Although similarly based in the secret world of international subterfuge, Callan is a far cry from the glamour of James Bond. The hero David Callan (Edward Woodward) is a hard man, edgy and friendless. He works for the intelligence service, bluntly snuffing out enemies and others who represent a danger to British security. But he is also a rebel and a thinker who brings his own version of justice into play, rather than just killing willy-nilly as instructed. Callan, as a consequence, is constantly in trouble with his superiors. In his first appearance, in a 1967 episode of ABC's Armchair Theatre called "A Magnum for Schneider," Callan himself was the target. He had been given the chance to retrieve his dodgy reputation within British Intelligence by bumping off an enemy agent, but this was merely a ruse to nail him for murder and so dispose of him. Turning the tables, Callan won through and public interest in the character led to a filly fledged series later the same year. In the series the star is assisted by a dirty, smelly petty crook called Lonely (Russell Hunter), who supplies him with under-the-counter firearms and useful information. Callan treats Lonely, one of life's perpetual losers, with complete disdain. At the same time, though, he protects his little accomplice, finding him a job as a driver of the communications car, a taxi filled with high-tech listening devices. Within the intelligence service, Callan's immediate boss is Hunter (Ronald Radd, Michael Goodliffe, Derek Bond and William Squire) not a specific person but a codename for the various heads of department supervising him. Then there is Toby Meres (Anthony Valentine, played by Peter Bowles in the Armchair Theatre play), a fellow agent who resents Callan's position and contrives to dislodge him. Another agent seen later, the trigger-happy Cross (Patrick Mower), shares the same sentiments. Nine years after the series ended, Callan was brough back in a one-off 90-minute play for ATV entitled Wet Job. Callan, with its swinging naked light-bulb opening sequence, was created by writer James Mitchell, who was later responsible for When the Boat Comes In. CILLA UK (BBC) Variety. BBC 1 Liverpudlian singer turned presenter whose career break came while working as a cloakroom attendant and occasional vocalist at The Cavern Club, famous for The Beatles' early performances. Spotted by Brian Epstein, Black secured a recording contract and notched up two number ones with "Anyone Who Had a Heart" and "You're My World." She ventured into television in in 1968, gaining her own Saturday night series, Cilla, on BBC 1, which ran for several years. In these live programmes she sent an outside broadcast team to surprise unsuspecting residents somewhere in the UK. She also gave viewers the chance to choose the Song for Europe. Black later tried her hand at sitcom in Cilla's Comedy Six (in 1985). In 1998, she launched another Saturday evening show, Cilla's Moment of Truth. . Five years later, she dropped a TV bombshell by announcing in a special live episode that she was quitting Blind Date CITIZEN SMITH UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1977-80 "Power to the People!" Walter Henry "Wolfie" Smith (Robert Lindsay) is the Che Guevara of south-west London -- or so he believes. Sporting an Afghan coat and a commando beret, he is the guitar-strumming figurehead of the Tooting Popular Front (TPF), a team of hapless Marxist freedom fighters whose members total six in number. His right-hand man is Ken Mills (Mike Grady), a weedy, vegetarian pacifist-cum-Buddhist with whom he shares a flat above the home of Charlie (Peter Vaughn, Tony Steedman) and Florence Johnson (Hilda Braid), the parents of Wolfie's girlfriend, Shirley (played by Robert Lindsay's real wife at the time, Cheryl Hall; Shirley appeared in only the first three seasons, when she worked in the Sounds Cool record shop). Shirley's dad, a security guard at Haydon Electronics, is an irascible social-climbing Yorkshireman who has no time for "that bloody yeti," as he brands Wolfie. His dopey wife, on the other hand, is genuinely fond of the lodger she mistakenly knows as "Foxy." The other main characters in the TPF are Tucker (Tony Millan) and Anthony "Speed" King (George Sweeney). Tucker, a nervous family man with a formidable wife named June and nine kids, owns the van the gang use for their "manoeuvres." Speed is the team's hard man, a brainless, violent thug who drifts in and out of jail. Lurking in the background is the manor's Mr. Big, Harry Fenning (Stephen Greif), owner of Wolfie's local, The Vigilante. Fenning is replaced in the last series by the just as nasty, but cruelly hen-pecked, Welsh gangster, Ronnie Lynch (David Garfield). Citizen Smith was John Sullivan's big break. The writer of Only Fools and Horses, Just Good Friends, Dear John, etc., was working as a scene shifter at the BBC at the time. Convinced he could produce something better than the humourless sitcoms he was watching, he created the character of an ageing hippie turned working-class hero, whose support for Fulham FC was yet another lost cause. The script was taken up for an episode of Comedy Playhouse in 1977 (in which Artro Morris played Shirley's dad) and a full series was commissioned the same year. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com COLDITZ UK (BBC/Universal) Drama. BBC 1 1972-4 Based on the book by Major Pat Reid, a genuine survivor of Colditz who acted as technical adviser, this series follows the adventurous bids for freedom of a group of high-level Allied POWs, most of whom have already succeeded in escaping from other prison camps. After an initial three episodes which show how all the main characters arrive at Castle Colditz (a supposedly impregnable fortress, known as Oflag IV C, perched high on sheer cliffs in eastern Germany), the series settles down into a portrayal of the rivalry and suspicions that exist among the various Allied nationalities. Their relationship with their German captors is also in focus. Although a mutual respect develops between the POWs, led by the British Lt. Col. John Preston (Jack Hedley), and the camp's tolerant Kommandant (Bernard Hepton), friction increases when the SS threatens to take over the castle and when, in the second series, the sadistic Major Horst Mohn (Anthony Valentine) is introduced. The desperate escape plans include launching home-made gliders off the castle roof, as well as the more conventional guard impersonations and wall scalings. One inmate, Wing Commander Marsh, works on insanity as a means of getting out. He succeeds but, when finally freed, the stress of acting mad has actually warped his mind. Guest stars come and go, and the progress of the war outside the castle walls is used as a backdrop to events in the closed world of Colditz itself. The series concludes with liberation in 1945. Colditz revived the flagging career of Robert Wagner, who played Canadian airman Phil Carrington. The series also led to a variety of spin-off ventures, ranging from bizarre holidays at the real castle to a children's board game. The inspiration had been the 1955 film The Colditz Story, starring John Mills and Eric Portman. In 2005, ITV 1 screened a new two-part drama with the same title and based loosely on events at Colditz Castle. It starred Damien Lewis, Sophie Myles and Tom Hardy. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (Granada) Drama. ITV 1960- Coronation Street is a British institution. However, after the first episode went out at 7 p.m. on 9 December 1960 one critic famously declared that it had no future, being all doom and gloom. Like the Decca records executive who turned down The Beatles, he couldn't have been more wrong. The 'Street' is now over 40 years old and still at the top of the ratings. That said, anyone viewing early recordings will immediately recognize how the series has changed over the years. It began in an age of industrial grime and sweat but has progressed to reflect the many changes that have taken place in British life. The smoking chimney pots and leaden skies of the early programme credits echoed a dour but vibrant society, and creator Tony Warren (a 23-year-old Granada staff writer, tired of adapting Biggles stories) initially produced scripts similar to the kitchen-sink dramas seen on Armchair Theatre. But the programme quickly mellowed, introducing more humour and occasional farcical elements. Indeed, the programme wandered so far from Warren's original goals that at one time he disowned it. These days, Coronation Street plays almost like a situation comedy, although shocks, tragedy and moments of high drama are liberally dispersed throughout its episodes. Warren himself later conceded that with society growing "softer," Coronation Street had to follow suit. The programme is set in the fictional Manchester suburb of Weatherfield, Coronation Street (the working name was Florizel Street but, allegedly, sounded too much like a lavatory cleaner) being a typical northern back-street terrace with a pub on one corner and a shop on the other. The first ever scene took place in the shop on the day that Florrie Lindley arrived to take over the business from the retiring Elsie Lappin (Maudie Edwards). Also in that historic original cast were Annie and Jack Walker (Doris Speed and Arthur Leslie), landlords of the pub, the Rovers Return. The genial Jack (and actor Leslie) died in 1970, but Annie, the Street 's duchess and mistress of the withering look, held the licence until 1983, when she retired and left the series. Ena Sharples (Violet Carson) was the local hair-netted battleaxe, caretaker of the Glad Tidings Mission. Her OAP friends in the pub's snug were meek-and-mild Minnie Caldwell (Margot Bryant) and Martha Longhurst, who was sensationally killed in 1964, slumping dead over her milk stout. Another veteran was pensioner Albert Tatlock (Jack Howarth), proud of his war medals but never too proud to cadge a free rum if one was offered. Elsie Tanner (Pat Phoenix) was the fiery brunette whose promiscuity nettled the local puritans (especially Ena), and Dennis (Philip Lowrie) was her layabout son. And then there were the Barlows, hard-working, salt of the earth dad, Frank (Frank Pemberton), his loyal wife, Ida (Noel Dyson) (soon to be crushed by a bus), and two sons, Ken (William Roache) and David (Alan Rothwell). David, a one-time professional footballer, was subsequently killed in a car accident in Australia, while Ken, always the Street 's intellectual (thrice-married: to Albert Tatlock's niece Valerie, to suicide victim Janet Reid and to Deirdre Langton -- the last on two occasions), is today the only remaining original cast member. In the 1970s action focused around flighty shop assistant Suzie Birchall (Cheryl Murray), corner shop girl Tricia Hopkins (Kathy Jones) and insecure Gail Potter (Helen Worth). Gail has since matured into a mother of three, and wed three times. Her first husband was the brawny Brian Tilsley (Christopher Quinten) (son of Ivy, arch-nagger, devout Catholic and one-time factory shop steward), while her second husband was trainee nurse Martin Platt (Sean Wilson), one of the 1980s' intake of teenagers. Originally screened live on Fridays, with a recorded episode shown on Mondays, Coronation Street switched to Monday and Wednesday evenings in 1961 and was, for the first time, fully networked (the earliest episodes were not seen in the Midlands or in the Tyne-Tees area). From 1989, a third helping was served up on Fridays in a bid to win the soap war with BBC rival Eastenders. A fourth weekly episode -- on Sunday -- was added in 1996, and a fifth -- a second Monday instalment -- began in 2002. Coronation Street has also been viewed with much pleasure around the world, although one of the few places it has yet to catch on is the USA. America did produce its own copycat soap, however, in the shape of Peyton Place. Outliving its glamorous American clone by many years, Coronation Street UK (ATV/Central/Carlton) Drama. ITV 1964-88; ITV 1 2001-3 Few programmes have endured as much ridicule as Crossroads, which began as a five-times-a-week early-evening serial. At the same time, few programmes have won the hearts of so many viewers. From its earliest days, Crossroads was taunted with criticisms of its wobbly sets and often wobblier performers who fluffed lines or simply forgot them. Despite this and the constraints of a small budget (and hectic recording schedule) its popularity was such that it ran and ran -- for 24 years in all. The programme's queen bee was Meg Richardson (Noele Gordon), widowed owner of the Crossroads Motel, set in the fictitious village of King's Oak, somewhere in the West Midlands. Around her buzzed her next-of-kin: daughter Jill (Jane Rossington), son Sandy (Roger Tonge) and sister Kitty (Beryl Johnstone), with Kitty's husband, Dick (Brian Kent), and architect son Brian (David Fennell). Meg's extended family were the motel staff, most of them dyed-in-the-wool Brummies, with the notable exception of Spanish chef Carlos Rafael (Anthony Morton). The most popular employees over the years included Diane Lawton (Susan Hanson), the blonde waitress who steadily worked her way up the motel ladder, singing waitress Marilyn Gates (Sue Nicholls, later replaced by Nadine Hanwell), gossipy little Amy Turtle (Ann George), pompous chef Mr. Lovejoy (William Avenell), hairstylist Vera Downend (Zeph Gladstone) (who lived on a houseboat), coffee bar worker Benny Willmot (Deke Arlon), gardener Archie Gibbs (Jack Haig), gruff nightwatchman Carney (Jack Woolgar), spinster Doris Luke (Kathy Staff), oily restaurant manager Paul Ross (Sandor Elès), Scots chef Shughie McFee (Angus Lennie) and receptionist Anne-Marie Wade (Dee Hepburn). At the Crossroads garage worked Jim Baines (John Forgeham), Sid Hooper (Stan Stennett) and Joe McDonald (Carl Andrews), and the good folk of King's Oak also had a look-in, especially miserable old Wilf Harvey (Morris Parsons) (whose electrician son, Stan [Edward Clayton], married Jill) postmistress Miss Tatum (Elisabeth Croft), antiques dealers Tish and Ted Hope (Joy Andrews and Charles Stapley) and shopkeeper Roy Lambert (Steven Pinder). Probably the best loved of all Crossroads characters, however, was the slow-witted, wooly-hatted Benny Hawkins (Paul Henry), first seen as a labourer at Diane's uncle's farm. He followed "Miss Diane" back to King's Oak, but continued to suffer more than his fair share of misfortune, including the death of his gypsy girlfriend, Maureen Flynn, on their wedding day. But tragedy and romance were the name of the game at Crossroads. Young Sandy was crippled in a car accident and spent most of his time afterwards in a wheelchair (actor Roger Tonge was later confined to a wheelchair himself, before dying prematurely in 1981). Jill married three times (once bigamously) and Meg herself married twice. Her first new husband, Malcolm Ryder (David Davenport), tried to poison her, and she later fell for old flame Hugh Mortimer (John Bentley), a millionaire businessman who then died of a heart attack while being held as a terrorists' hostage. This may sound rather far-fetched, but such extravagant storylines were always possible. Devised by former Compact ' working title was The Midland Road. Adopting the snappier name, the series began in 1964 but, despite gaining a cult following, was not fully networked by ITV until 1972. Its heavy workload was cut to four episodes a week in 1967, and then, on the instructions of the IBA, which was concerned about its quality, to three episodes a week in 1980. When the plug was pulled altogether in 1988, after over 4,500 programmes, there was a huge outcry, but the bosses at Central Television were adamant that Crossroads ' day was done and refused to reconsider. In its place, fans had to made do with Victoria Wood's cheeky send-up, Acorn Antiques. However, Crossroads is not the sort of serial that gives in easily and was revived as a daily serial by ITV in 2001 and yet again in 2003. UK (Granada) Drama. ITV 5 1972-84 Presenting a different case each week, over three half-hour episodes, Crown Court was a stalwart of ITV's first afternoon schedules. Viewers were treated to hearings on a variety of subjects, from drug-pushing to murder, and then awaited the deliberations of the jury (a panel of viewers), which were revealed at the close of the last episode. Many distinguished actors graced this popular series, including the likes of John Le Mesurier, Bob Hoskins, Ben Kingsley, Juliet Stevenson, Pauline Quirke, Michael Elphick, Liz Fraser, Michael Gough, Jack Shepherd and Connie Booth. Richard Wilson was a regular, playing barrister Jeremy Parsons QC. The setting was the fictitious Fulchester Crown Court. A similarly styled series, Verdict, was screened on ITV in 1998, and in 2004 Channel 4 launched a daytime series called The Courtroom, DAD'S ARMY UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1968-77 Drawing nostalgically on 1940s Britain, this long-running farce has been described as the classic British sitcom. It focuses on the misadventures of the Local Defence Volunteers of fictional Walmington-on-Sea (supposedly Bexhill). In true Home Guard tradition, the platoon is comprised of men too old, too young or too weak to take their place on the front line (hence, 'Dad's Army'). Self-appointed head of the unit is Captain George Mainwaring (Arthur Lowe), the town's pompous, incompetent bank manager with a tragically misplaced sense of his own importance. His much-maligned second in command, in the bank as well as in uniform, is Sgt. Arthur Wilson (John Le Mesurier). Public-school-educated and polite to the point of asking the platoon if they "would mind awfully falling in," he is far more level-headed than Mainwaring and never fails unwittingly to undermine his CO. Next in line is the town's butcher, Cpl. Jack Jones (Clive Dunn), a fading veteran of Kitchener's army and master of the long-winded, far from pertinent tale, but a man with the heart of a lion and always the first to volunteer for the most dangerous tasks. The other key members of the platoon are just as distinctive. Private James Fraser (John Laurie) is a rolling-eyed, penny-pinching Scottish undertaker, and Private Charles Godfrey (Arnold Ridley) is the company's doddery, weak-bladdered first aider, who lives in a picture-postcard cottage with his sisters, Dolly and Cissy. Private Joe Walker (James Beck) and movie-mad teenager Frank Pike (Ian Lavender) are the other two principals, Walker a black market spiv (a role originally earmarked for writer Jimmy Perry himself) and Pike a bank clerk and mummy's boy whose mother conducts a semi-covert affair with Sgt. Wilson -- his "Uncle Arthur." Valiantly failing to patrol the resort or to fulfil demanding military exercises, the platoon are constantly nettled by the local ARP warden, Mr. William Hodges (Bill Pertwee), the greengrocer. Bound together with 1940s tunes vocalized by Bud Flanagan, the series conjured up some of the most memorable lines in TV comedy. Mainwaring's "Stupid boy" (to Pike), Wilson's ominous "Do you think that's wise, sir," Jones's "Permission to speak, sir" and "Don't panic," and Fraser's "We're doomed" all became catchphrases. The death of James Beck in 1973 (ironically one of the youngest cast members) was not allowed to stop the series. The cast was full and talented enough to continue, and lesser characters like Private Sponge (Colin Bean) were given more prominence in support. A film version of Dad's Army THE DES O'CONNOR SHOW UK (ATV) Comedy. Des O'Connor is a London-born singer, comedian, presenter and talk show host who came to the fore in the 1950s in series like Spot the Tune. The Des O'Connor Show ran through most of the 1960s (a time when Des was notching up a string of hit singles) and O'Connor's other series for ITV in the 1960s and 1970s included Des UK (BBC) Science Fiction. BBC 1 1963-89; (Universal/BBC Worldwide/MCA) 1996; 2005- Doctor Who first reached the TV screen on the day after President Kennedy was assassinated. It quickly lodged itself into the Saturday teatime slot and gained a wonderful reputation for frightening children and entertaining adults. From behind the sofa, kids of all ages wallowed in the concept of a galactic do-gooder with unusual habits working his way around the dimensions of time and space, protecting the innocent and thwarting the oppressive. Initially, Doctor Who had an educational thrust, with creator Sydney Newman intending to involve The Doctor in real historical events, showing viewers just how things had actually happened. But, although there were instances when our hero found himself at the Gunfight at the OK Corral, among the Aztecs, alongside Marco Polo or at the start of the Great Fire of Rome, for example, the idea was quickly dropped in favour of more popular scary monsters and superbeasts. The Doctor (William Hartnell) is first encountered in the then today of 1963 in the episode "An Unearthly Child," The child in question is his alleged granddaughter, Susan Foreman, a hyper-intelligent pupil at a London school. Her snooping teachers, Ian Chesterton (William Russell) and Barbara Wright (Jacqueline Hill), discover her home is an old police box, parked in a junk yard, where she lives with her grandfather, a mysterious, white-haired, tetchy old man dressed in Edwardian clothing. They sneak into the police box, only to find it is larger inside than out and is, in fact, a kind of spaceship. Fearing his secret will be made public, The Doctor activates the ship, takes off (dematerializes) and lands (materializes) on a prehistoric Earth inhabited by prehistoric tribesmen. Thus the first Doctor Who adventure begins. It is at this point that we learn more about The Doctor's spaceship. It is known as the TARDIS, standing for Time and Relative Dimensions in Space, and, as implied, it can travel through time as well as space. Sadly, The Doctor has little control over it, and, as one adventure ends, so another begins, with the TARDIS depositing its reluctant crew in yet another perilous situation. (The cliffhangers at the end of the programme were always worth waiting for.) As the series progresses, The Doctor's companions change frequently. Susan leaves her grandfather to stay on Earth in the year 2167, and Ian and Barbara eventually return to their own time. In their places, The Doctor picks up Vicki (Maureen O'Brien) (a stranded Earth girl), Steven Taylor (a space pilot, played by future Blue Peter presenter Peter Purves) and Dodo, from Wimbledon. Then comes Polly (Anneke Wills), a scientist's secretary, and Ben Jackson (Michael Craze), a Cockney merchant seaman, before The Doctor himself changes. In an episode called "The Tenth Planet," something happens that will prove vital to the longevity of the series: The Doctor regenerates. Viewers learn that he has the power to revitalize himself when close to death. On this occasion, the grey locks and craggy features of William Hartnell give way to the pudding-basin haircut and elfish grin of Patrick Troughton. Along with his appearance, The Doctor's character also changes. His dour snappiness is replaced by sprightly joie de vivre, as Troughton turns The Doctor into a kind of scientific clown, a cosmic hobo in baggy checked trousers who passes the time piping up then Scots Highlander Jamie McCrimmon (a pre- Emmerdale Frazer Hines), Victoria Waterfield (Deborah Watling), the orphaned daughter of an antiques shop owner, and a superintelligent alien named Zoe Herriot (Wendy Padbury). When Troughton decided to bow out, it was easy to drop in a replacement, given that the regeneration idea had been comfortably established, and, with his departure, anther of The Doctor's many secrets is revealed. Viewers learn that The Doctor is actually one of the Time Lords, a race that lives on the planet Gallifrey and acts as guardians of the time concept. In fact, he has been a bit of a rebel, a runaway who stole a TARDIS, albeit not a very good one. Not only is its navigation control hopelessly flawed, but its chameleon circuits are also defunct. Consequently, instead of being able to change appearance to blend in with the background (as it did in 1963), it is now stuck in its police box guise. All the same, the Time Lords are not forgiving. Finally catching up with The Doctor, they put him on trial and exile him to Earth. Troughton's successor, Jon Pertwee, plays the role as a brilliant scientist with martial arts skills, a dandy in a frilly shirt and a velvet jacket who drives a yellow vintage car named Bessie (registration WHO 1). He works as a consultant at UNIT (United Nations Intelligence Taskforce), commanded by Brigadier Lethbridge Stewart (Nicholas Courtney), a by-the-book, traditional army man who first appears as a Colonel in the Troughton days. Earth is suddenly under threat from all quarters, as malevolent aliens cast their eyes on the planet, and it is during this period that The Doctor's arch-rival, The Master (Roger Delgado), a scheming, mesmeric, renegade Time Lord with a goatee beard and a sinister smirk, makes his debut. Working with The Doctor at UNIT to counter such adversaries is Liz Shaw (Caroline John), headstrong agent Jo Grant (Katy Manning) and tomboyish journalist Sarah Jane Smith (Elisabeth Sladen). Although often mocked for its primitive effects and soundtracks, few programmes have earned more respect than Doctor Who. Two feature film copies were made in the early days -- Doctor Who and the Daleks and Daleks: Invasion Earth 2150 AD, both starring Peter Cushing in the title role. Doctor Who trivia is available in abundance. Allegedly he is around 750 years old and, being a Time Lord, has two hearts and is allowed 13 regenerations. Among his favourite gadgets is the sonic screwdriver, used for anything from opening electronic doors to detonating unexploded bombs. He is seldom called "Doctor Who," but simply "The Doctor" (or, somewhat confusingly, "The Professor" by his travelling companion Londoner Ace in the Peter Davison depiction). The atmospheric original them music (modernized by later producers) was composed by Ron Grainer of the BBC's Radiophonic Workshop. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (Granada) Drama. ITV 1970-2 Granada's most expensive ever serial at the time, A Family at War focuses on the middle-class Ashton family as they struggle throughout the lean war years. Starting in May 1938 and running on to 1945, it sees them emerge from the decay of the Depression to face the even more bitter realities of World War II, and witnesses family and romantic relationships disintegrate along the way. Never a day passes without a new worry for the Ashtons, headed by morose Yorkshire dad Edwin (Colin Douglas), who is beholden to his pompous brother-in-law, Sefton Briggs (John McKelvey). Sefton and his sister, Edwin's wife Jean (Shelagh Fraser) have inherited the family printing works. Eldest child is David (Colin Campbell), a docks worker who has married too young to Sheila (Coral Atkins), produced two children, Peter and Janet, and is constantly in debt until he joins the R.A.F. Next comes schoolteacher Margaret (Lesley Nunnerley), who marries John Porter (Ian Thompson), who goes missing in action. Philip is the 21-year-old Oxford student who fights in the Spanish Civil War, while Freda (Barbara Flynn), the youngest daughter, is just starting work and Robert (David Dixon), the youngest son, is way at nautical school. The programme's symbolic titles-sequence, showing a demolished sandcastle, is as well remembered as the series itself. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com FAWLTY TOWERS UK (BBC), Situation Comedy. BBC 2 1975; 1979 Fawlty Towers, a modest little Torquay Hotel, is run by husband and wife Basil and Sybil Fawlty (John Cleese and Prunella Scales). Modest the hotel may be, but Basil has ambitious plans for his small empire and runs it with great enthusiasm. Sadly, the guests tend to get in the way. Inhibited also by his nagging, droning, gossiping wife and by Manuel (Andrew Sachs), a useless Spanish waiter from Barcelona who understands little English ("I know nothing"), Fawlty's best-laid plans always end in disaster. Fawlty is a master at turning the simplest procedures -- like serving dinner to guests -- into complete chaos, and his patronizing air, biting sarcasm and bouts of rage all contrive to make matters worse. When practising a fire drill, he refuses to allow a real kitchen fire to interrupt the flow of proceedings; when entertaining German guests, a blow on the head encourages the already unbalanced hotelier to goosestep around the dining room, magnificently failing not to "mention the war." When an undercover hotel inspector comes to town, Fawlty unctuously fawns over every guest except the right one, and on a planned gourmet evening, Terry (Brian Hall), his chef, gets blind drunk. Hovering on the fringe at all times are the hotel's permanent guests, two doddery old ladies named Miss Tibbs (Gilly Flower) and Miss Ursula Gatsby (Renee Roberts), and senile and deaf Major Gowen (Ballard Berkeley). But, thankfully, there is also Polly Sherman (Connie Booth), the chambermaid, who attempts to bring some order back to the hotel. Hers is generally only a limited success, with her lanky, hot-headed boss screwing things up time and again. He can't even keep control of the hotel's name plate, which is constantly tampered with by meddling hands to offer Fatty Owls, Farty Towels, Watery Fowls or other anagrammatic names. The series combines the best aspects of farce -- misconstrued conversations, physical stunts, well-timed exits and entrances, etc. -- with some classic one-liners and insults. Very few series manage to imbue the viewers with so much tension, frustration and expansion, but Fawlty Towers has been generally accepted as one of the gems of British TV comedy. It was allegedly inspired by a visit by the Monty Python team to a Torquay hotel and their discovery of a rude hotelier who threw Eric Idle's briefcase into the street, thinking it was a bomb. The character was written into one of John Cleese and Graham Chapman's Doctor at Large scripts, before finally achieving greatness in his own right in this sitcom, several years later. After the acclaim of the first six Fawlty Towers episodes, the second series took four years to arrive (partly because Cleese and his co-writer wife, Connie Booth, had split up), but most people thought it well worth the wait. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com THE FRANKIE HOWERD SHOW UK (BBC) Comedy. Frankie Howerd was a British comedian, known for his "oohs," "aahs," "please yourselves" and stuttering, bumbling delivery (caused by a natural childhood stammer, which he exaggerated for effect). Eventually breaking into showbiz at the end of World War II, and making a name for himself on radio shows like Variety Bandbox, Howerd was given his first TV show in 1952. It was entitled The Howerd Crowd and was followed by numerous variety spots and guest turns over the years. Although his popularity faltered at the turn of the 1960s, and Howerd appeared not to be moving with the times, he was thrown a lifeline with an appearance on That Was the Week That Was, which resulted from a successful appearance in Peter Cook's Establishment Club. Howerd never looked back. He went on to star in a London stage version of "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum," which led to a TV lookalike, Up Pompeii!, in 1969. In this, as Lurcio the slave, Howerd meandered his way through double entendres and innuendoes (some allegedly too strong for the man himself), trying to deliver a prologue. This series led to run of film spin-offs, as well as a similar TV outing set in the Middle East, Whoops Baghdad!, in 1973. In all, Howerd was seldom off TV screens in the 1960s and 1970s, thanks to programmes such as The Frankie Howerd Show, The Howerd Confessions, Frankie Howerd Strikes Again and A Touch of the Casanovas (the pilot for a never-realized series). His wartime sitcom, Then Churchill Said to Me, made in 1982, was not broadcast (because of the Falklands conflict) until UK Gold screened it 11 years later. In 1992, the year of his death, he entertained selected audiences in a short series called Frankie's on... (the gap filled by words to reflect his location, like Board UK (BBC) Game Show. BBC 1 1971-82; 1990-2002 The Generation Game is the number-one game show in British TV history, enjoying two lengthy prime-time runs. Simple in format, it involved four couples (each composed of an elder and a younger member of a family -- father and daughter, aunt and nephew, etc.) competing in two heats and a semi-final. The heats consisted of two games based on little quizzes and challenges -- guessing film themes and miming the answer to a partner, spotting personalities in disguise, etc. Demonstrations by experts (making pots, icing cakes, spinning plates, performing a dance, etc.), which the contestants had to copy, proved particularly popular. Points were awarded for performance and the two heat-winning couples then competed in a semi-final. This often took the form of a comic playlet, with celebrity judges allocating marks for performances. The winning duo progressed to a final "conveyor belt" round in which a succession of household goodies (always including a cuddly toy) passed before their eyes. Everything that they could recall in a set time was taken home as prizes. The Generation Game was devised by a Dutch housewife who was inspired by game shows like Beat the Clock Sunday Night at the London Palladium ), and when it was televised in Holland as Een Van De Acht ) it topped the ratings. Former Beat the Clock host Bruce Forsyth was the obvious choice to take charge of the UK version and he quickly established the programme as an integral part of Saturday evening viewing. Forsyth revelled in the party game format. With a twinkle in his eye, he bullied and coerced the hapless contestants through each show, combining words of encouragement with false anger and gentle mockery. The contestants loved it. Assisting Bruce was the leggy Anthea Redfern, who was soon to be his second wife. When Bruce was lured away to ITV in 1978, it seemed that The Generation Game 's heyday was over. Camp comedian Larry Grayson was not an obvious replacement, yet he made the show an even bigger hit. Sensibly avoiding Forsyth's aggressive approach, Grayson instead brought his own effete style to proceedings, in which he was assisted by Scottish folk singer Isla St Clair. The Generation Game was cancelled in 1982 but was brought back, with Bruce Forsyth again at the helm, in 1990. Once more, his skilful manipulation of the studio audience and his ease with contestants ensured that the programme was as popular as ever. Dancer Rosemarie Ford became his Girl Friday. In 1994, Bruce retired once more, leaving Jim Davidson to take over a year later, supported by Sally Meen and, subsequently, Melanie Stace, then Lea Kristensen. The Generation Game has aired under several titles. In the early days, it was known as Bruce Forsyth and the Generation Game. It then became and the latest incarnation has been called Bruce Forsyth's Generation Game or Jim Davidson's Generation Game. It has also given us catchphrases galore -- from "Let's meet the eight who are going to generate" and "Let's see the scores on the doors" to "Good game, good game" and "What's on the board, Miss Ford?." King of the catchphrases, however, has been "Didn't he do well?" -- just like the programme itself. On New Year's Eve 2004, Graham Norton hosted Generation Fame, UK (Thames) Situation Comedy. ITV 1976-9 In this Man about the House spinoff, George and Mildred Roper (Brian Murphy and Yootha Joyce) have moved from their ground-floor flat to a middle-class housing development (46 Peacock Crescent, Hampton Wick). There, the pushy, man-hungry Mildred strives to be upwardly mobile and the weedy, shiftless George -- with his motorcycle and sidecar -- defiantly proclaims his working-class roots. Next door live the Fourmiles: snooty Jeffrey (Norman Eshley), his likeable wife, Ann (Sheila Fearn), and their bespectacled young son, Tristram (Nicholas Bond-Owen), who is constantly corrupted by George. The Fourmiles later add baby Tarquin to their family. Regular visitors, much to Mildred's embarrassment, are her materialistic sister Ethel (Avril Elgar) and brother-in-law Humphrey (Reginald Marsh). Jerry (Roy Kinnear) is George's layabout pal and Truffles is Mildred's pampered Yorkshire Terrier. Like Man about the House, THE GOODIES UK (BBC/LWT) Comedy. BBC 2 1970-7; 1980/ITV 1981-2 Graeme (Graeme Gordon), Tim (Tim Brooke-Taylor) and Bill (Bill Oddie) are benefactors to society, available to do anything, anywhere and at any time to help humanity. Taking on the weirdest assignments, they find themselves guarding the Crown Jewels, rescuing London from the advance of a giant kitten, and in other bizarre situations. Sometimes they cook up their own world improvement schemes and attempt to put them in action. Energetically charging around on a three-seater bicycle (a "trandem"), the three form an unlikely team. Tim is a weedy royalist sporting a Union Jack waistcoat, Graeme is a mad scientist type and Bill is an unkempt, hairy socialist-cum-cynic. They live in a typical 1970s flat, dominated by portraits of the Queen (for Tim) and Chairman Mao (for Bill), plus Graeme's computer. Their adventures are punctuated with crazy sight gags, slapstick sketches and spoof TV commercials. There are send-ups galore as the trio take contemporary fads or issues and place them surreally in different contexts -- a north country spoof on the Kung Fu craze, for instance. Bill Oddie's original music features prominently (The Goodies had five real-life hits in the 1970s, most notably, alas, "Funky Gibbon" in 1975). Originally planned as Super-Chaps Three, The Goodies was one of BBC 2's biggest successes of the 1970s, enjoying repeat showings on BBC 1. However, disillusioned with the Corporation's lack of commitment to the programme, the team moved to LWT for a short run in 1981-2, by which time the concept had dated somewhat. The team was finally reunited at Christmas 2005 in Return of the Goodies THE GOOD LIFE UK (BBC), Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1975-8 Tom Good (Richard Briers) has become tired of the rat race. On his 40th birthday, sick of commuting to his draughtsman's job in the City (where he creates cereal gifts for the JJM company), he throws it all in to concentrate on home farming. Ably and inventively assisted by Barbara (Felicity Kendal), his perky wife, the buoyant Tom turns his back garden into an allotment, growing fruit and vegetables and housing chickens, pigs, a cockerel named Lenin and even a goat named Geraldine. For heating and cooking they restore an old cast-iron range, and for power they run a generator in the cellar. Living off the land, and bartering away the surplus with local shopkeepers, the Goods thrive on the joys of self-sufficiency, even if there are mooments of deep despair. It is at times like these that their true-blue neighbors, Jerry and Margo Leadbetter (Paul Eddington and Penelope Keith), ride to the rescue. Although they consider Tom and Barbara to be completely insane, and to have brought "The Avenue" into disrepute, they remain loyal friends. Even if Margo hates donning wellies to feed the pigs, she still does so, and she and Jerry (a former work colleague of Tom's) always take great interest in events next door. In return, the Goods bring a ray of wholesome sunshine into the depressingly snobbish life of their wealthier neighbours. Occasionally seen is Jerry's overbearing boss Andrew, "Sir" (Reginald Marsh). Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com GRANGE HILL UK (BBC/Mersey), Children's Drama. BBC 1 1978- In the days when the nearest thing to unruly behavior on children's television was an elephant wetting itself in the Blue Peter studio, it would have been quite unthinkable to have switched on at five o'clock and watched a schoolboy trying to kick his heroin addiction. But times move on and kids' TV certainly caught up with its viewers when the BBC launched Grange Hill in 1978. The brainchild of Liverpudlian writer Phil Redmond (later to take Brookside to Channel 4), Grange Hill (screened twice a week as a children's soap opera) was school as it really was, with none of the jolly japes and wizard wheezes of Billy Bunter 's days. The action took place at Grange Hill Comprehensive and, to make its intended audience feel at home, low, kid-height camera-angles were used. The series showed pupils (mostly Form 1 Alpha) out of control, insulting teachers, truanting, bullying weaklings, smoking and shopflifting. It covered subjects as intense as child abuse, racism, sex, pregnancy, job hunting and, yes, drugs; and, while it received no thanks from Mary Whitehouse, its audience, aged between six and 16, loved it. Critics also failed to note that no one ever benefited from any of the hell-raising, and punishments were suitably doled out and the moral angles were well publicized. Although lead and supporting characters have come and gone as pupils have progressed through school, the best remembered is Tucker Jenkins (played by future EastEnder Todd Carty), who also earned his own spin-off series, Tucker's Luck (1983-5), on leaving school. Carter's EastEnders sister, Susan Tully, was another early star, playing Suzanne Ross, and several other members of the prime-time soap cut their TV teeth in the classrooms of Grange Hill. Oscar-winning writer Anthony Minghella was the series' script editor, 1983-8. Phil Redmond returned to the series as executive producer in 2003, relocating the school out of London and to nowhere in particular (filming took place in Liverpool, as Mersey Television took over production), and aiming to re-introduce lighter elements to the format. Also guesting at this time was Todd Carty as Tucker, bringing in his rascally nephew, "Togger" Johnson (Chris Perry-Metcalfe). Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1974-8; 1980-1 Set during World War II, It Ain't Half Hot Mum relates the farcical exploits of the Royal Artillery Concert party as they entertain the active men, and takes its name from the content of letters written home by one of its recruits, Gunner Nigel Parkin (Christopher Mitchell). Joining Parkin in the troupe are Bombardier "Solly" Solomons (George Layton, written out after the early episodes); drag artist Gunner Beaumont (Melvyn Hayes, known to all as Gloria); intellectual pianist Gunner "Paderewski" Graham (John Clegg); diminutive chief vocalist Gunner "Lofty" Sugden (Don Estelle); Scotsman Gunner Mackintosh (Stuart McGugan); and Gunners "Nobby" Clark (Kenneth MacDonald) and "Nosher" Evans (Mike Kinsey). Their out-of-touch COs are snooty Colonel Reynolds (Donald Hewlett) and his idiotic sidekick, Captain Ashwood (Michael Knowles), but bane of their lives is the Welsh Sgt Major B. L. Williams (Windsor Davies). "Old Shut Up," as they know him, considers the concert party to be a bunch of "pooftahs" (especially Gloria and "Mr Lah-de-dah Gunner Graham"). He does, however, have more respect for young Parkin, a Colchester lad who, in the Sgt Major's eyes, has a fine pair of shoulders and always sets a good example to the rest of the unit (Williams thinks he is the boy's father). The show opens to the troupe's rousing theme song, inviting viewers to "Meet the gang 'cos the boys are here, the boys to entertain you." Windsor Davies and Don Estelle capitalized on their roles for a spin-off single, "Whispering Grass," which surprisingly topped the UK charts in 1975. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (Scoton/ITC) Detective Drama. ITV 1971-2 Jason King (Peter Wyngarde) was the prominent member of the Department S team. This was hardly surprising, given the extravagant lifestyle he enjoyed and the outrageous 1970s fashions he favoured. Now out on his own, he continues writing his "Mark Caine" mysteries and indulging in investigations of his own, usually surrounded by beautiful girls. Nicola Harvester (Ann Sharp) is his publisher, and Sir Brian (Dennis Price), together with his assistant, Ryland (Ronald Lacey) are civil servants who blackmail King (over tax evasion) into working for the Government from time to time. His assignments are considerably more down-to-earth than the baffling Department S UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1973; 1975-6; 1978-9; 1981-93; 1995- Last of the Summer Wine is the world's longest-running sitcom. It began as a Comedy Playhouse presentation in 1973 and then emerged as a series in its own right the same year. Filmed in the Yorkshire village of Holmfirth, it has focused for most of its life on three mischievous but lovable pensioners who pass their twilight years energetically engaging themselves in a second childhood of assorted romps and antics. The original trio are seedy, tramp-like William "Compo" Simmonite (Bill Owen), laconic widower (and lifelong Co-op furniture operative) Norman "Cleggy" Clegg (Peter Sills) and former Royal Signals sergeant Cyril Blamire (Michael Bates). Blamire is replaced by another ex-military man, army sign-writer Walter "Foggy" Dewhurst (Brian Wilde) (actor Michael Bates had taken ill). He, in turn, is substituted for a few seasons by schoolteacher turned crackpot inventor Seymour Utterthwaite (Michael Aldridge). Former policeman Herbert Truelove, a.k.a "Truly of the Yard" (Frank Thornton) later becomes the third man behind Compo and Clegg. As the men lurch from scrape to scrape, desperately trying to keep them in check are the town's disapproving womenfolk, particularly the redoubtable Nora Batty (Kathy Staff), the object of Compo's desires. Also seen in this battle of sexes have been Wally Batty (Joe Gladwin), Nora's hen-pecked husband; Seymour's sister, Edie Pegden (Thora Hird), and her mechanic husband, Wesley (Gordon Wharmby), with the brassy Marina (Jean Ferguson) as his fancy woman. Auntie Wainwright (Jean Alexander), the junk-shop owner who never misses a sale, has also been in the action, as have café-proprietor Ivy (Jane Freeman) and her husband, Sid (John Comer). Edie's daughter, Glenda (Sarah Thomas), and her husband, Barry (Mike Grady); the short-sighted Eli Duckett (Danny O'Dea); and the inappropriately named Clem "Smiler" Hemingway (Stephen Lewis) have also contributed as the character ensemble has extended over the years. The spring 200 series was a tribute to actor Bill Owen, who died after filming only three episodes. His character suffered a fatal seizure after seeing Nora Batty not in her usual wrinkled stocking but in black tights. Compo's funeral was shown, and other episodes revealed how his ageing chums coped with his loss, with Owen's own son, Tom (Tom Owen) (once star of Freewheelers ), playing Compo's long-lost offspring. In 1988, the series spawned a prequel, which showed the old folk in their formative years. Entitled First of the Summer Wine, it featured Peter Sallis as Cleggy's dad, with David Fenwick as the young Norman, Paul Wyett as Compo, Richard Lumsden as Foggy and Paul McLain as Seymour. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 2 1964-6/BBC 1 1973-4 In The Likely Lads, Bob Ferris (Rodney Bewes) and Terry Collier (James Bolam) are two young pals who work in a factory making electrical parts. Bob is ingenuous, ambitious and keen to see the good side of people (especially those in authority). Terry is a cynic, proud of his working-class roots and a true Jack the Lad figure. Theirs is an unusual but solid friendship which sees them tour the pubs of Newcastle in search of beer and birds, chewing the fat over several pints of brown ale and ending up in all manner of scrapes, usually at Terry's instigation and against Bob's better judgement. The series became a surprise hit, even though only screened on BBC 2, but it ended after just two years. The duo were back together again seven years later, thanks to a remarkably successful revival entitled Whatever Happened to the Likely Lads? With the turn of the 1970s, Bob's bourgeois dreams have begun to be realized. Now an executive on the point of marriage to his boss's daughther, Thelma (Brigit Forsyth, seen at the end of The Likely Lads ), he owns his own house and has taken to holidays on the Costa Brava and Saturday nights the trattoria. Terry, on the other hand, escaping a disastrous marriage in Germany, has not changed, except perhaps to bury himself even further into his proletarian origins and deep-rooted chauvinism. The lads' altered relationship echoes the social changes that swept Britain between the 1960s and 1970s, changes stressed time and again as they reminisce about their heyday and pay dispiriting visits to old stomping grounds that are sadly now unrecognizeable or even demolished. A feature-film version was released in 1976. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (Thames) Situation Comedy. ITV 1972-6 There have been few more conventional sitcoms than Love Thy Neighbour, which takes delight in the predicament facing white trade-unionist Eddie Booth (Jack Smethurst) whose new next-door neighbour in Maple Terrace is Bill Reynolds (Rudolph Walker), a true-blue Tory and, even worse, a black man. It was intended, according to its producers, to take the sting out of racial conflict. Others saw it as a barrage of cheap colour jokes that reinforced racial stereotypes. it is quite true, however, that the bigot always loses out. Eddie is never prepared to give Bill a chance, yet Bill always comes up trumps, delighting in humiliating Eddie and always giving as good as he gets. Meanwhile, to underline the futility of it all, the two wives, Joan Booth (Kate Williams) and Barbie Reynolds (Nina Baden-Semper), become good friends. Arthur (Tommy Godfrey), Jacko "I'll have a half" Jackson (Keith Marsh) and Nobby Garside (Paul Luty) are their pals down at the Jubilee Social Club. Remarkably, the series was a huge ratings success. The theme song was sung by Stuart Gillies. A feature-film version was released in 1973, and the series was revamped in 1980 in Australia. Love Thy Neighbour in Australia, as it was titled when screened in the UK two years later, depicts Eddie embroiled in the same racial conflict on his emigration Down Under. There was also a short-lived American version, starring Ron Masak and Harrison Page, in 1973. MAN ABOUT THE HOUSE UK (Thames) Situation Comedy. ITV 1973-6 Needing a third sharer to help pay the rent on their Earl's Court flat, two young, attractive girls, dark-haired Chrissy Plummer (Paula Wilcox) and blonde, toothy Jo (Sally Thomsett), plan to find another girl. But when Robin Tripp (Richard O'Sullivan), a catering student, is found sleeping in the bath the morning after the party, they decide to let him move in, especially as he can cook. The new arrangement understandably raises a few eyebrows, particularly with the girls' landlords, George and Mildred Roper (Brian Murphy and Yootha Joyce), who live downstairs. Although there is much mock-sexual bravado, this ménage á trois is definitely not of the murky kind, despite Robin's attempts to bed fare too sensible Chrissy. The well-signaled humour comes from domestic squabbles (like hogging the bathroom), their respective boyfriends/girlfriends, and Robin and Chrissy's attempts to follow Jo's weird logic. There are also nosy interruptions from the Ropers, he a work-shy weakling, she a man-devouring social climber with an eye on young Robin. Two spin-offs followed: MIND YOUR LANGUAGE UK (LTW/Tri Films) Situation Comedy. ITV 1977-9; 1986 English teacher Jeremy Brown (Barry Evans) bit off more than he could chew when enrolling as instructor of an evening class for mature foreign students. His multinational pupils include amorous French girl Danielle Favre (Françoise Pascal), humorless German Anna Schmidt (Jacki Harding), Italian romeo Giovanni Cupello (George Camiller), and other similarly well-defined racial stereotypes, all of whom have clearly never considered the concept of ethnic tolerance. Misunderstanding and abuse are rife in the classroom, leading to constant aggression and turning the naive, inoffensive Brown into a quivering, frustrated wreck. Miss Courntey (Zara Nutley) is the dragon-like principal who has the knack of entering the class at just the wrong moment, and Sid (Tommy Godfrey) is the Cockney caretaker. Mind Your Language was revived in 1986 by independent production company Tri Films. The series was not fully networked but did bring back together most of the original cast, along with several new faces playing characters in the same mold. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com MINDER UK (Euston Films/Thames/Central) Comedy Drama. ITV 1979-80; 1982-5; 1988-9; 1991; 1993-4 Arthur Daley (George Cole) is a name that has become synonymous with shady deals, for this cowardly but lovable rogue specializes in less than reliable, marginally hooky produce dished out at a bargain price. Whether it is mutton-dressed-as-lamb motors from his used-car showroom or crates of appellation noncontrôllée from his lock-up, Arthur has the knack of twisting suckers' arms and getting them to buy. Of course, they soon return the goods, or the law intervenes to ensure that Daley's pockets are once again as empty as when they started. But this trilby-sporting, cigar-chewing master of Cockney slang is never far away from another "nice little earner." Arthur's right hand is Terry McCann (Dennis Waterman), a former professional boxer and occasional jailbird. Now on the straight and narrow (as far as Arthur will allow), McCann -- one of life's losers -- is easy meat for Daley, who pays him a pittance and promises him the earth. Hired out as a commmodity by Arthur to be a bodyguard, bouncer, fetcher or carrier, Terry nevertheless is always there to protect his guv'nor from someone with a grievance -- and such people are not hard to find. The wonderful repartee between Daley and his uncomfortable, generally kind-hearted "minder" as they work their way around the fringes of the underworld is even more important than the stories themselves. Off duty, the pair can be found in the Winchester Club, run by its genial steward, Dave (Glynn Edwards). This refuge from "'er indoors" (as Daley refers to his wife) is also the setting for many "business" meetings. On the side of justice are policemen DS Albert "Charlie" Chisholm (Patrick Malahide), Sgt. Rycott (Peter Childs) and DC Jones (Michael Povey). Just like Wyle E. Coyote and the Road Runner, their sole aim is to catch up with Arthur Daley, the crook with the Teflon finish. The series was nearly brought to a close on many occasions, as both George Cole and Dennis Waterman contemplated a way out. But when Waterman finally called it a day in 1991, Gary Webster was introduced in the role of Arthur's second cousin's son, Ray, and Daley's schemes and scams continued apace. Pursuit this time came from coppers Morley (Nicholas Day) and Park (Stephen Tompkinson). Dennis Waterman also co-wrote (with Gerard Kenny) and performed the theme song, "I Could be So Good for You," which he took to number three in the charts in 1980. Cole joined him on a novelty hit, "What are We Gonna Get 'Er Indoors" at Christmas 1983, and the partnership was celebrated in a hit for The Firm "Arthur Daley ('E's Alright)," in 1982. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com MONTY PYTHON'S FLYING CIRCUS UK (BBC) Comedy. BBC 1 1969-73; BBC 2 1973-4 When it first reached the TV screen in 1969, filling a former religious slot, late on Sunday night, Monty Python's Flying Circus understandably met with some bemusement. However, it soon acquired a fervent global following and genuine cult status. Each programme was well endowed with sketches and held together with animation and one-liner humour; but, essentially, anything went in this manic college of comedy styles. The sketches relied heavily on off-beat domestic situations and spoof TV interviews or documentaries, although the series seldom lacked invention. Swaying between incomprehensibility and bad taste, it was a show that shocked and confused, but was always inspired. The Oxbridge background of its writers/performers surfaced in the show's literary and artistic allusions, yet there was always room for juvenile pranks, vulgar asides and general silliness. Among the highlights were skits like "The Dead Parrot," in which John Cleese confronted Michael Palin, a shopkeeper, with the corpse of a bird he had just purchased. Another classic was "The Lumberjack Song," a rousing Canadian chorus of machismo which unravelled into a celebration of transvestism. There was also "The Argument Clinic," "Upper Class Twit of the Year," "The Ministry of Silly Walks," "Spam," "The Spanish Inquisition," "The Fish-Slapping Dance," and "Blackmail" (a sadistic game show). Classic characters included Graham Chapman's stuffy army officer, Terry Jones's piercingly vocal women, Eric Idle's seedy men, and the cerebrally challenged Gumby, complete with knotted handkerchief on head. Wrapped around the sketches were Terry Gilliam's chaotic, surreal cartoons which "stole" images from classical art. Sometimes they picked up from the end of the previous sketch (which seldom had a punchline), in the same way that sketches themselves occasionally merged when a character from an earlier skit wandered into the action. Snappily cut together, it was a programme without a beginning and without an end which broke all the rules of television structure. Its opening titles, bouncing along on the music of Sousa's "Liberty Bell," could appear anywhere in the show, even after the closing credits, and along the way there was plenty of time for developing catchphrases, from Michael Palin's succinct "It's" (possibly the shortest catchphrase ever) to John Cleese's "And now for something completely different." Yet if Monty Python broke new ground, it could at the same time be seen as a culmination of the unconventional comedy trend that had begun with That Was the Week That Was, and developed through MORCAMBE AND WISE UK (ATV) Comedy. 1961-7; BBC 1 1968-76; ITV 1978-84 Possibly Britain's most popular comedian to date, Eric Morecambe took his stage name from his home town. His career began in variety theatres before the war and, when auditioning for a new-talent show in 1941, he met a young entertainer from Leeds by the name of Ernest Wiseman, otherwise known as Ernie Wise. They forged an enterprising double-act, but their progress was shattered by war service. However, meeting again by chance in 1947, they were able to resume their joint career. Their first television forays came in the early 1950s and led, in 1954, to their own disastrous series called Running Wild, which set back their hopes of stardom. Undaunted, the pair continued to improve their act on stage and radio and were chosen to support Winifred Atwell in her TV series, this resulting in another short series of their own, Double Six, Sunday Night at the London Palladium, which encouraged ATV to give them The Morcambe and Wise Show in 1961, scripted Sid Green and Dick Hills. This time they didn't squander their chance and quickly established themselves and the characteristics of their act -- Ernie's pomposity. Eric's boyish anarchy, their Abbot-and-Costello-like exchanges, all underscored by impeccable comic timing. Viewers took to their many sight gags: Eric slipping his glasses askew, for instance, slapping Ernie around in the face or pretending to be strangled behind the stage curtain. The public began to refer to Ernie as Little Ern and "the one with the short, fat, hairy legs." Unfortunately, their attempts to make it in movies proved fruitless. Their films, The Intelligence Men, That Riviera Touch and The Magnificent Two, flopped. In 1968, after Eric had suffered a heart attack, they were tempted over to the BBC where, by common consent, they produced their best work (most scripted by Eddie Braben). A regular feature of their shows was a play "wot Ernie wrote" which never failed to attract a big-name guest star. Among those who giggled their way through proceedings were Glenda Jackson, Diana Rigg, John Mills, Eric Porte, Peter Cushing (to return many times still looking for payment) and Hannah Gordon. The partners switched back to ITV in 1978 with less success (Eddie Braben was not immediately released by the BBC), while the BBC countered by screening repeats of their best material. However, they soon knew the would have to start treading carefully. Eric's heart problems resurfaced in 1979 and, after surgery, he was forced to take things somewhat easier. The partnership was brought to an end when Eric suffered another, this time fatal, heart attack in 1984. Their last work together was a TV movie, Night Train to Murder, which was aired in 1985. Ernie soldiered on alone, making stage and television appearances, becoming a member of the revived What's My Line? panel and even writing on gardening for the News of the World. UK (Avengers Enterprises/IDTV) Adventure. ITV 1976-7 In The New Avengers, John Steed (Patrick Macnee) is called up once more to thwart extravagant plots by the world's most eccentric saboteurs and assassins. Working undercover for the British Secret Service, as in The Avengers, Steed, however, now spends more time on his private stud-farm, where he indulges his hobbies of breeding horses and entertaining beautiful women. Ageing a little, but as suave and sophisticated as ever, he is typically supported by a glamorous female, but also, this time, by a tough young male, someone to do the running around. The newcomers are Purdey (Joanna Lumley) and Mike Gambit (Gareth Hunt). Perdy, a former ballerina with a much-copied page-boy haircut, is classy, elegant and as hard as nails. Like her predecessors Gale, Peel and King, she knows how to fight. Her strength is in her kick, and many an assailant feels the power of her long, shapely legs. She is also a good shot and extremely fit. Gambit provides the muscle which Steed now lacks. A former mercenary, he is a weapons specialist and a practitioner of kung fu. Both young colleagues show Steed the respect he deserves and rely on his wealth of experience and knowledge. The series being produced in association with a French TV company and also with some Canadian input, three episodes were filmed in France and four in Canada, although the majority was made in the UK. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com ON THE BUSES UK (LWT) Situation Comedy. ITV 1969-73 Stan Butler (Reg Varney) is a driver for the London-based Luxton Bus Company, usually working with his conductor mate Jack Harper (Bob Grant) on the number 11 route to the cemetery gates. Bane of his life is humourless Inspector Cyril Blake (Stephen Lewis), who is always desperate to catch the chirpy pair up to no good. (Blakey's catchphrase, "I 'ate you, Butler," was quickly adapted by the viewing public.) Stan lives with his widowed mother (Cicely Courtneidge), his dowdy sister, Olive (Anne Karen), and her gruff, layabout husband, Arthur (Michael Robbins), but life is somewhat brighter at the depot, where there are always busty clippies to chase and jokes to play on the much-maligned Blakey. In keeping with the humour of the time, leering and innuendo dominate the series, although there is seldom any serious sexual activity -- living with his mum, Stan never has the opportunity, much to his frustration. Cicely Courtneidge was the first actress to play Stan's mum, although Doris Hare is best remembered for the role, while Stephen Lewis, who played Blakey, took his character into a spin-off series. Entitled Don't Drink the Water (ITV 1974-5), it saw Blakey moving into a retirement home in Spain with his spinster sister, Dorothy (Pat Coombs). Three feature film versions ( On the Buses, Mutiny on the Buses and Holiday on the Buses ) were released in the 1970s, reflecting the popularity of this cheerfully vulgar comedy, and a US copy, set in New York City and entitled Lotsa Luck, UK (Associated-Rediffusion/ABC/Thames/BBC) Talent Show. ITV 1956-78; BBC 1 1987-90 Beginning on Radio Luxembourg in the early 1950s, Opportunity Knocks and its ebullient host, Hughie Green, were brought into television soon after ITV began. There had been talent shows on TV before -- Carroll Levis Discoveries was one -- but none proved to have the stamina of Opportunity Knocks, which not only survived the ITV franchise swap of 1968 but was resurrected by the BBC in 1987, having been cancelled by Thames in 1978. The format was simple. Green introduced half-a-dozen acts per week ("Friends, we want to hear them," Green declared), each "sponsored" by a studio guest who offered background information about the performers. At the end of the show, all the acts gave a short reprise of their routines which the studio audience evaluated by applauding. The highest scorers on the "clapometer" were declared the studio winners, but this counted for nothing. What mattered ("And I mean that most sincerely, folks," Green was known to swear) were the votes of viewers at home, expressed by the mailing in of postcards. At the start of the following week's programme, the winners were announced and were given the chance to repeat their success. A winning contestant could return literally week after week and, at the end of each series, an all-winners show was put together. Telephone voting replaced postal votes when the BBC revived the show under the title of Bob Says "Opportunity Knocks" (the new host beig Bob Monkouse). Les Dawson, himself probably the programme's greatest find, presented the final season, with the title reverting to Opportunity Knocks. Other notable performers given their showbusiness break by Opportunity Knocks were Russ Abbot (as part of the Black Abbots group), Freddie Starr, The Bachelors, Frank Carson, Mary Hopkin, Little and Large, Paul Daniels, Freddie Davies, Peters and Lee, Lena Zavaroni, Ken Goodwin, Pam Ayres, Bonnie Langford, Paul Melba, Tom O'Connor and Paper Lace. But whatever happened to winners like Bobby Crush, Neil Reid, Gerry Monroe, Millican and Nesbitt, Stuart Gillies, Berni Flint and 1960s muscle man Tony Holland? There were hard-luck stories, too. Su Pollard was allegedly beaten by a singing dog and a singer called Gerry Dorsey even failed the audition. He changed his name to Englebert Humperdink and did rather better for himself. PLEASE SIR! UK (LWT) Situation Comedy. ITV 1968-72 Recent graduate Bernard Hedges (John Alderton) secures his first appointment as English and History teacher at Fenn Street Secondary Modern, under the auspices of headmaster Mr. Morris Cromwell (Noel Howlett). From the start, his unruly class, 5C, go out of their way to make life difficult for him, but they soon come to respect the bashful yet dedicated master, whom they nickname "Privet." Behind the desks the youths include loudmouth Frankie Abbott (David Barry), who acts hard but always runs to his mother; slow-witted Dennis Dunstable (Peter Denyer); flirtatious Sharon Eversleigh (Penny Spencer, later Carol Hawkins); and Maureen Bullock (Liz Gebhardt), an evangelical Christian who has a crush on her teacher. The staff are just as unhelpful. Apart from the incompetent headmaster, there are thick-skinned Welshman Mr. Price (Richard Davies) teaching maths and science; formidable deputy-head Miss Doris Ewell (Joan Sanderson); dithery old Mr. Smith (Erik Chitty); and former Desert Rat caretaker Norman Potter (Deryck Guyler), who is terrified of kids but enjoys great influence with the headmaster. After a couple of years, Hedges acquires a girlfriend, Penny Wheeler (Jill Kerman), who eventually becomes his wife. Please Sir!, LWT's first big comedy success, was inspired by the 1967 film To Sir, with Love. Its own feature film was released in 1971 and a spin-off, The Fenn Street Gang, followed on TV, tracing the lives of the teenagers after leaving school. Please Sir! continued simultaneously for one more year, but the new kids and teachers failed to catch on. The American version was PRISONER: CELL BLOCK H Australia (Grundy) Drama. ITV 1979-87 The Wentworth Detention Centre houses some of Melbourne's toughest female criminals, and, through a series of rather far-fetched plots, this programme examines the interrelationships of these inmates, their warders, and fringe characters such as partners on the outside, prison doctors and other officials. The series deals openly with issues such as lesbianism and wanton assault (by both prisoners and guards) and in its own melodramatic way strips the front off hard-bitten prisoners to reveal personal tragedies that have led them into a life of crime. It shows how some mature to rehabilitate themselves successfully on their release, although it also makes it clear that, for others, prison life is the only option. Principal characters early on are Governor Erica Davidson (Patsy King), her deputy Jim Fletcher (Gerard Maguire) brutal warder Vera Bennett (Fiona Spence) and the more sympathetic guard, Meg Jackson (Elspeth Ballantyne). Ringleader of the prisoners is Bea Smith (Val Lehman) (doing time for the murder of her husband), and other characters are lesbian biker and armed robber Franky Doyle (Carol Burns), Karen Travers (Peita Toppano), a deeply religious ex-schoolteacher (also convicted of the murder of her husband), and dumb blonde Lynn Warner (Kerry Armstrong), a convicted nanny. Thumb-sucking Doreen Anderson (Collette Mann) is the easily led unmarried-mother-turned-forger; Marilyn Manson (Margaret Laurence) is a prostitute and the prison nympho; "Mum" Brooks (Mary Ward) the gentle, well-respected gardening lover (yet another imprisoned for killing her husband); and Lizzie Birdsworth (Sheila Florance) the alcoholic, chain-smoking mass-murderer who is hell-bent on escape. Greg Miller (Barry Quinn) is the prison doctor. The show, originally entitled simply Prisoner, was renamed Prisoner: Cell Block H to avoid confusion with Patrick McGoohan's cult series of the 1960s in the UK and USA. Its creator, Reg Watson (a former Crossroads producer), and one of its producers, Marie Trevor, later moved on to the rather more successful Neighbours. Maggie Kirkpatrick, who played Joan Ferguson, appeared with Lily Savage in a spoof stage version, which opened in London in 1995. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com THE PROFESSIONALS UK (Avengers Mark 1/LWT) Spy Drama. ITV 1977-80; 1982-3 The Professionals' are the men and women of CI5 (Criminal Intelligence 5), a covert agency set up by the Government to specialize in criminal intelligence in the way that MI5 centres on military intelligence. The aim is to pre-empt trouble and so nip crime in the bud. Head of the section is no-nonsense ex-MI5 man George Cowley (Gordon Jackson). He assembles around him a team of the toughest operatives, none more resilient and respected than William Bodie (Lewis Collins), a former SAS and Parachute Regiment hero brimming with confidence. Bodie's partner is Ray Doyle (Martin Shaw), an ex-copper with a curly perm. Fresh from an East End CID division, he is calm on the outside but harbours a rage within which threatens to burst out at any second. The pair are affectionately known as "The Bisto Kids" to Cowley, whom they know as "The Cow." The programme was created by Brian Clemens, the brains behind some of The Avengers ' best adventures, although this all-action, macho series did not share the light-hearted, tongue-in-cheek, quirky qualities of his earlier work. It was parodied by members of The Comic Strip In 1999, Sky One launched an updated version of The Professionals. Entitled CI5: the New Professionals, RETURN OF THE SAINT UK (ITC) Adventure. ITV 1978-9 Nine years after Roger Moore hung up Simon Templar's halo, lookalike Ian Ogilvy tried it on for size. Similar in many ways although critically less well received, this regeneration of Leslie Charteris's dashing, confident hero once again sees our hero whizzing around the globe, relaxing in the company of beautiful women and escaping from many life-threatening situations -- all against a backdrop of international intrigue. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com RISING DAMP UK (Yorkshire) Situation Comedy. ITV 1974-5; 1977-8 Rupert Rigsby (Leonard Rossiter), grubby, lecherous, ignorant, nosey and tight-fisted (and those are just his good points), is the owner of a horribly run-down northern boarding house that is home to an odd mix of lodgers. Rigsby lives on the ground floor with his cat, Vienna. Upstairs, long-haired Alan Moore (Richard Beckinsale), a medical student, shares one spartan room with Philip Smith (Don Warrington), the sone of an African tribal chief, and another room is taken by frustrated spinster Miss Ruth Jones (Frances de la Tour), a university administrator. Although liberally treated to decrepit furnishings and the eponymous rising damp, the one thing Rigsby's paying guests do not receive is privacy. Given the opportunity to catch his lodgers "at it," the snooping Rigsby does not hesitate to barge in. Whatever secrets lie in their personal lives, Rigsby prises them out into the open, and however great their hops and dreams, Rigsby is always ready to sneer and jeer at them. His own ambition, though, is to share a night of torrid passion with Miss Jones but, like his other plans, it is never realized. Brenda (Gay Rose) is one of Rigsby's later lodgers. The series sprang from a one-off play entitled "The Banana Box" (in which the landlord was called Rooksby) and gave Leonard Rossiter the first chance to show off his acclaimed comic timing. Indeed, most of the series' humour came from his sharp, glib delivery. A film version was released in 1980. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (Thames) Situation Comedy. ITV 1977-81 Fresh from the successful Man about the House, Robin Tripp (Richard O'Sullivan) has now left his two female flatmates and teamed up with his live-in lover, air hostess Victoria Nicholls (Tessa Wyatt). They live above their own Fulham bistro -- Robin's Nest -- where they are not-so-ably assisted by their one-armed washer-up, Albert Riddle (David Kelly), an Irish ex-con with an endless line in blarney. The fly in the ointment is Vicky's disapproving dad, James Nicholls (Tony Britton), a far from sleeping partner in the business, although her divorced mother, Marion (Honor Blackman, later Barbara Murray), is far more sympathetic about her daughter's cohabitation with a long-haired cook. Tensions are eventually eased with a marriage and, eventually, the birth of twins. Also seen in later episodes in restaurant help Gertrude (Peggy Aitchison). Star Richard O'Sullivan also wrote the synthesizer theme music. Like Man about the House ROCK FOLLIES UK (Thames) Drama. ITV 1976-77 Anna Wynd (Charlotte Cornwell), Devonia "Dee" Rhoades (Julie Covington) and Nancy "Q" Cunard de Longchamps (Rula Lenska) are The Little Ladies, a struggling girl rock band lurching from gig to gig, striving to rise out of the sordid lower reaches of the rock music business. This series follows their ups and downs (mostly downs), as they fight to avoid exploitation -- often sexual -- and establish themselves as genuine musicians. Derek Huggin (Emlyn Price) is their less than helfpful manager. Busby Berkeley-inspired fantasy sequences added extra colour to this six-part drama. The music was original and penned by Roxy Music guitarist Andy Mackay, leading to two soundtrack albums and a hit single, "OK?," which also featured Sue Jones-Davies, whose character, Rox, joined the band in the second series. Also new was pushy American agent Kitty Schreiber (Beth Porter). The second series was entitled Rock Follies of '77. SAPPHIRE AND STEEL UK (ATV) Science Fiction. ITV 1979; 1981-2 In this imaginative series, time is perceived as a tunnel, with different time zones spread along its length. Outside lie dark forces of chaos and destruction which take advantage of any weakness in the tunnel's fabric to enter and wreak havoc. Whenever this happens, Sapphire (Joanna Lumley) and Steel (David McCallum) are sent to investigate. Little is revealed about the two characters. From the programme's introduction viewers learn that: "All irregularities will be handled by the forces controlling each dimension. Transuranic heavy elements may not be used where there is life. Medium atomic weights are available: Gold, Lead, Copper, Jet, Diamond, Radium, Sapphire, Silver and Steel. Sapphire and Steel have been assigned." So, it appears, Sapphire and Steel are elements sent from above, although their forms are human. Stunning Sapphire, true to her name, wears bright blue; blond-haired Steel, cold and humourless, dresses in grey. They each have special powers. Sapphire can see through time, gauge the history of an object just by holding it and even turn the clock back for a while. The analytical Steel enjoys phenomenal strength; he can resist the flow of time and reduce his body temperature to below zero. But sometimes these superhuman attributes are not enough and the pair need assistance. Usually it comes from another element, Silver (David Collings), but Lead also joins the fray on one occasion. The nightmarish storylines centre on the pursuit of disruptive forces. In their first outing, Sapphire and Steel are called in to arrest a time warp after the reading of historic nursery rhymes brings Roundhead soldiers to the 20th century. In another, a haunted railway station is drawn back into the era of World War I. The dark forces are seldom seen, except as faceless beings or globes of light. The longer they are allowed to remain in a dimension of time, the stronger they become, and they test the dynamic duo to the extreme. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (BBC) Police Drama. BBC 1 1966-76 One of the most successful spin-offs ever, Softly, Softly Z Cars, its mother series. It takes up the story of the "nasty and nice" double act of Charlie Barlow (Stratford Johns) and John Watt (Frank Windsor), after they leave Newtown and head south to the fictional region of Wyvern (somewhere near Bristol). Promoted to the ranks of detective chief superintendent and detective chief inspector respectively, one of the first people they encounter is their retired former desk sergeant, Mr. Blackitt (Robert Keegan) (now a news-agent), and his dog, Pandy. Among their new colleagues are jovial Welshman Sgt. Evans (David Lloyd Meredith), miserable dog-handler PC Henry Snow (Terence Rigby) (and his most famous charge, Inky) and a local detective inspector, Harry Hawkins (Norman Bowler). The show's title was derived from the adage "Softly, softly, catchee monkey." In 1969 Softly, Softly became the more cumbersome Softly, Softly - Taskforce and saw Barlow and Watt working for Thamesford Constabulary's CID Task Force. In 1969 Barlow went his own way, branching out into Barlow at Large / Barlow. He was reunited with Watt, however, for a novel reinvestigation of the Jack the Ripper case in 1973 and a subsequent series, Second Verdict, SOME MOTHERS DO 'AVE 'EM UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1973-5; 1978 Frank Spencer (Michael Crawford) is an accident waiting to happen. Sporting a knitted tank-top, unfashionable long mac and a beret, wherever he goes he brings chaos and confusion. DIY jobs result in the systematic destruction of his house while, at work (whenever he finds any), machinery explodes and his bosses despair. And yet poor Frank, with his infantile voice, unfortunate turn of phrase, expressive shoulder-twitches and hurt looks, always tries hard and means well. He is gravely offended by criticism and deeply shocked at everything untoward. At his side through thick and thin are his over-loyal wife, Betty (Michele Dotrice), and baby daughter, Jessica. Mr. Lewis (Glynn Edwards) the irascible neighbour seen in the last series, is just one of Frank's many adversaries. Some Mothers Do 'Ave 'Em made a star out of Michael Crawford, but the actor worked hard for his success. His characterization was so precise that it kept impressionists in gags for years after. He also chipped in with occasional ad-libs, plotted the stories for some episodes and even performed many of his own stunts that included driving a car halfway over a cliff, and narrowly escaping a collapsing chimney stack. Series creator Raymond Allen was working as a cinema cleaner on the Isle of Wight when he began writing the scripts. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com SPECIAL BRANCH UK (Thames/Euston Films) Police Drama. ITV 1969-70; 1973-4 Although this series is best remembered for the exploits of snappily dressed detectives Alan Craven (George Sewell) and Tom Haggerty (Patrick Mower), they were latecomers to Special Branch. For the first two seasons, the featured officers are Inspector Jordan (Derren Nesbitt) and his superior, Superintendent Eden (Wensley Pithey) (later substituted by Supt. Inman, played by Fulton Mackay). Alongside Craven and Haggerty, DS North and Commander Nichols (Richard Butler) are also added, though they are soon replaced by Commander Fletcher (Frederick Jaeger) and a snooty civil servant named Strand (Paul Eddington). The thrust of Special Branch investigations was international crime and espionage. The team were assigned to high-pressure, undercover operations which involved plugging gaps in security, preventing murders and foiling attempts at sabotage. It was the first series to show a British copper in trendy clothing (Jordan) and is also notable for being the first programme made by Thames TV's offshoot, Euston Films, which took over production after the first two seasons had gone out on videotape. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1962-5; 1970; 1972-4 There are few shows in the history of television which have reaped such wide appreciation as Steptoe and Son, Ray Galton and Alan Simpson's saga of a socially aspirant son and the dirty old dad who keeps him anchored to the mire of a scrapyard. Harold Steptoe (Harry H. Corbett), in his late 30s, dreams of a life away from the squalid, junk-filled house he shares with his father Albert (Wilfrid Brambell) at 24 Oil Drum Lane, Shepherd's Bush. He longs to progress his cultural interests and to embark on some romantic journey but is always hauled back to sub-working-class grime by his disgusting, emaciated old man. His plans for soirées in gentrified circles usually collapse into nights at The Skinner's Arms or argumentative evenings in front of the box, thanks to the efforts of his seedy father. Albert Steptoe is vulgarity personified, a man who washes his socks only when taking a bath. He cooks and generally runs the house, while Harold does the round with Hercules (later Delilah) the carthorse, but Albert's idea of culinary finesse is edging a pie with his false teeth. Albert's greatest skill lies in scuppering his son's dreams of a better life. Whenever Harold makes a dash for freedom, the clinging, devious old man always stands in the way, using emotional blackmail to deny his son independence. The gloriously coarse series -- which is as much a tragedy as it is a comedy -- ran in two bits, in the early 1960s (it first aired in 1962 as a Comedy Playhouse episode called "The Offer") and then in the early 1970s. A radio series was also produced, and the show spawned a US cover version, as well as two far less successful feature films, Steptoe and Son and Steptoe and Son Ride Again. In 2006 Jake Nightingale (Harold) and Harry Dickman (Albert) starred in a stage play based on the series. Called "Steptoe and Son in Murder at Oil Drum Lane," it was penned by Ray Galton and John Antrobus. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com THE SWEENEY UK (Euston Films/Thames) Police Drama. ITV 1975-6; 1978 Taking its name from the Cockney rhyming slang for Flying Squad ("Sweeney Todd"), this is one of television's most physical cop shows. It features the investigations of door-smashing, crook-thumping, heavy-drinking DJ Jack Regan (John Thaw) and his junior partner, DS George Carter (Dennis Waterman), who scream around London in a gold-coloured Ford Granada. Hard, and sometimes unquestioning, Regan has little time for rules and regulations. In his leather jacket and 1970s-style kipper ties, he is also a bit of a lad, found off-duty in the boozer, chatting to the local villains, or in bed with yet another woman (he is, not surprisingly, estranged from his wife). Carter is his loyal number two, learning the trade from his mentor and picking up bad habits along with good. Like his boss, he too is pretty useful with his fists. Supervising the operations, often in desperation at the tactics involved, is Chief Insp. Frank Haskins (Garfield Morgan). The series began seven months after a pilot episode, Regan, part of the Armchair Cinema anthology, was screened in 1974, and it ended in 1978, when Regan was banged up for allegedly taking bribes. No charges were brought, but Regan had had enough and decided to call it a day. Through The Sweeney, the public was introduced to a new kind of policeman, one the authorities tried to deny existed but one that certain real-life lawmen privately acknowledged to be alive and kicking, especially kicking. Indeed, Jack Quarrie, a former Flying Squad officer, was the programme's technical adviser. But, for all its bad language and excessive violence, the series also has its humorous side, highlighted in the Regan-Carter Cockney repartee and an episode which features Morecambe and Wise as guest stars. Two feature films were also made. Harry South composed the theme music. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com THIS IS YOUR LIFE UK (BBC/Thames) Entertainment. BBC 1955-64; ITV 1969-94; BBC 1 1994-2003 Taking people unawares, surrounding them with friends and family, and reliving the major moments in their life is what this programme was all about. This Is Your Life began on American TV in 1952, with Ralph Edwards, its creator, also acting as host. In the UK it meandered between channels, beginning first on the BBC in 1955 and running for nine years. After a five-year hiatus, Thames picked up the format for ITV, and the company continued to produce the show when it returned to the BBC in 1994. The same formula was followed from the start. The unsuspecting victim was cornered by the presenter (usually in disguise) at a public event or at a contrived meeting, informed "This is your life" and then whisked away to a nearby TV studio, where close family and friends welcomed the fêted one. Other guests were introduced as the host worked his way chronologically through the person's life, reading from a large red book. Mystery voices hidden behind closed doors gave way to forgotten faces and warm embraces. Amusing anecdotes were told and glowing tributes were paid. The final guest was usually someone special: a child from the other side of the world, an inspirational teacher from the distant past, a person who had saved the celebrity's life, or vice versa. Buckets of tears were shed. The very first victim was Eamonn Andrews, who was already signed up to be the programme's regular host. Ralph Edwards had flown over from the USA to conduct the inaugural programme but, after the Daily Sketch had spoiled the launch by revealing that the subject was going to be Stanley Matthers, a new victim had to be found. Instead, it was Andrews himself. When Thames revived the series, its first victim was Des O'Connor. Some celebrities refused outright to appear. Soccer star Danny Blanchflower was one; novelist Richard Gordon (of Doctor in the House fame) was another. To avoid such embarrassments, the programme was later prerecorded. Not all those featured were famous. One or two guests per series came from the ranks of anonymous worthies -- brave airmen, industrious charity workers, selfless foster parents, etc. Probably the highest-profile victim was Lord Mountbatten, the subject of a This Is Your Life special in the Jubilee Year of 1977. When Eamonn Andrews died in 1987, Michael Aspel picked up the big red book. The one used on screen contained just the programme script, but a real biographical scrapbook was later presented as a memento to the featured guest. Regular consultants to the series were Roy Bottomley and Tom Brennand. TILL DEATH US DO PART / IN SICKNESS AND IN HEALTH UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1966-8; 1972; 1974-5/BBC 1 1985-7; 1989-90; 1992 Alf Garnett remains one of TV's most memorable creations. He has been loved and he has been hated, but he is unlikely to be forgotten. The man who brought racist views and foul language into British living rooms is a hard act to follow. Although the 1980s' "alternative" comedians aimed to shock, their impact was negligible in comparison with TV's first controversial loudmouth. The Garnetts live in London's decaying East End, long before the Isle of Dogs is transformed into a yuppie paradise. Their little docker's terraced house is home to four adults: Alf (Warren Mitchell), his wife, Else (Dandy Nichols), daughter Rita (Una Stubbs) and son-in-law Mike (Anthony Booth). Such close habitation induces claustrophobia and an endless amount of personal friction. On one side, there is Alf, a bald, bespectacled bigot, patriotically standing up for the Queen and cheerfully pushing the blame for the country's ills on the "Darling Harold" Wilson and immigrants. Mind you, if he was to succeed in shipping out the immigrants and dislodging the Labour Party from government, Alf still wouldn't be happy with Edward Heath in charge -- he being a grammar school boy, not a traditional Tory like Winston Churchill. On the other side is Mike, a long-haired, unemployed, Liverpudlian socialist, "Shirley Temple" or "randy Scouse git," as he becomes known. In between are the phlegmatic, rather dopey Else and the giggle Rita. Alf's rantings were heavily criticized by the church, Mary Whitehouse and politicians, but his character has other sides to it, too. He is incredibly selfish, and extremely mean to his long-suffering wife. Yet Else takes it al in her rather sluggish stride, shrugging off insults like "silly old moo" and conjuring up sharp retorts to put Alf firmly in his place. Whenever that happens, he dons his West Ham scarf and skulks off to the pub. When Dandy Nichols briefly leaves the series (Else went to visit her sister in Australia in the 1970s), Alf's invective is directed against his neighbors, Bert and Min Reed (Alfie Bass and Patricia Hayes). Till Death Us Do Part began as an episode of Comedy Playhouse in 1965. In this pilot, Warren Mitchell played Alf Ramsey (as in the football manager), which Gretchen Franklin (Ethel in Eastenders ) as his maligned wife. The series proper ran form 1966 to 1968 and was exhumed for a new run in 1972. A short-lived 1981 version, Till Death... (produced by ATV), was followed by a new BBC revival in 1985. This time the title had been changed to In Sickness and in Health, sadly appropriate considering the obvious illness of Dandy Nichols. In this, the Garnetts have been rehoused in a new development, without Rita (only an occasional visitor) or Mike, an the antagonizer's role is filled by a gay, black home-help, provocatively named Winston (Eamonn Walker). Arthur (Arthur English) is his chief boozing buddy. This series continued even after Nichols's death in 1986 (Alf's neighbour, Mrs. Hollingbery, played by Carmel McSharry, becomes his new sparring partner). However, by this time the political climate had changed. Even though Alf could slate the incumbent Tory government for being a bunch of spivs ruled over by a grocer's daughter, the bite had disappeared and the series was far less successful. Johnny Speight's monstrous creation had had his day. An American version of Till Death Us Do Part, TO THE MANOR BORN UK (BBC) Situation Comedy. BBC 1 1979-81 When Audrey fforbes-Hamilton's husband, Martin, dies, he leaves her his stately pile, Grantleigh Manor, but also a mound of death-duties to pay. Not being able to keep up the estate, Audrey (Penelope Keith) is forced to sell the property (it fetches £876,000 at auction) to Richard DeVere (Peter Bowles), a former costermonger and now the tycoon head of supermarket and catering chain Cavendish Foods. She being strictly old money and he being noveau riche, Audrey is desperate to keep an eye on his activities, to make sure he does not destroy the character of the estate. By moving into one of the manor's lodges with her ageing butler, Braginger (John Rudling), and with the use of a pair of binoculars, at least she is able to monitor proceedings. But not even that is enough. Distrusting the new Lord of the Manor, resenting his position and also fancying him quite a bit, Audrey is always meddling in DeVere's affairs. She guides him in the etiquette of lordship and ensures -- as far as she can -- that Grantleigh is still run on traditional lines. Audrey's old school chum, Marjory Frobisher (Angela Thorne), drops in regularly to keep her friend in her place, while Richard's Czech mother, Mrs. Palouvicka (Daphne Heard), acts as a matchmaker for her son and Audrey, whom she considers perfect for each other. Her efforts bear fruit at the end of the series when the two are married -- and Audrey is back in charge at the manor. The series, filmed at Cricket St Thomas in Somerset and with music from Ronnie Hazlehurst, was originally devised for radio, and a pilot show was recorded, featuring Penelope Keith and Bernard Braden (as an American). However, it was never broadcast, although a radio version was produced in 1997, with Keith Barron slipping into the role of DeVere, alongside Penelope Keith. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com THE TOMMY COOPER HOUR UK (BBC) Comedy. Tommy Cooper was a tall, Caerphilly-born comedian, notorious as the fez-wearing magician with the bad gags and bemused look whose tricks always failed. Cooper's hugely successful career began in the army and continued after the war on the London variety circuit. In the 1950s he branched out into television, appearing in series like It's Magic and winning a run of his own series, including Cooper - Life with Tommy, Cooper's Capers, Cooperama, Life With Cooper, Cooper at Large, The Tommy Cooper Hour, Cooper King-Size and Cooper - Just Like That! (after his catchphrase). He became a cult comedian and enjoyed great respect among his fellow artistes. It was actually on television that he died, suffering a heart attack while appearing on Live from Her Majesty's. UK (BBC) Motoring Magazine. BBC 2 1978- Road-testing new models, highlighting innovations and generally keeping the motorist well informed, Top Gear was given a test drive in the BBC Midlands area in 1977 before being given the green light nationwide a year later. Its first hosts were Angela Rippon and Barrie Gill. Noel Edmonds was behind the wheel for a while, but Jeremy Clarkson held pole position for many years, returning after time away in 2002. Sister programmes, Top Gear GTi, Top Gear Motorsport and for Barker), their joint efforts are equally well remembered. The Two Ronnies ran for 16 years from 1971 and was hugely successful. Most programmes were shown on BBC 2. Calling upon a host of talented scriptwriters (including the likes of David Nobbs, David Renwick and assorted Pythons -- as well as Gerald Wiley, a pseudonym used by Barker himself), each show followed a simple format, opening and closing with mock news items. In between, "in a packed programme," viewers were treated to cocktail party sketches, a boisterous costume musical, a meandering Corbett monologue delivered from a big chair, and doses of Barker's astounding pronunciation power, with a decent helping of gentle smut thrown in for good measure. There were also spoof serials like The Phantom Raspberry Blower of Old London Town (written by Spike Milligan), The Worm That Turned and cases of private investigators Charley Farley and Piggy Malone. Regular musical guests broke up the humour. Those included middle-of-the-road performers such as Barbara Dickson, Elaine Paige and the Nolan sisters. Finally, it was "Goodnight from me, and goodnight from him," as the programme rounded off with some "late news." As a postscript to their successful career together, Barker and Corbett returned to BBC 1 in 2005 to present The Two Ronnies Sketchbook, a package of highlights from the series, linked by news gags. Barker died later that year, but was seen in a Christmas special that had been recorded in the summer when he knew his health was failing. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com Much praised, fondly remembered and hugely successful, Upstairs, Downstairs focuses on life at 165 Eaton Place, the Belgravia home of Tory MP Lord Richard Bellamy (David Langton), his lady wife Marjorie (Rachel Gurney), and their two children James and Elizabeth (Simon Williams and Nicola Pagett). The family is rich, but not extravagantly so, with most of their wealth inherited on Lady Bellamy's side (she is the daughter of a prime minister). So Richard's career is vital to the upkeep of the family's home and its standing in society, something which the indiscretions of his wayward children continually place in jeopardy. But, as the title suggests, the "Upstairs" goings-on are only half the story, with the "Downstairs" world of the Bellamy's' domestic staff equally prominent. Head of servants is Mr. Angus Hudson (Gordon Jackson), the highly responsible, softly spoken but firm Scottish butler, a man who knows his place and makes sure other staff members know theirs. A father figure to the servants, he masterminds the team effort which keeps the house afloat, ably assisted by Mrs. Kate Bridges (Angela Baddeley), the gruff, plump cook, and Rose Buck (Jean Marsh), the level-headed chief housemaid. Beneath them work the younger staff -- feisty, daydreaming underparlourmaid Sarah (Pauline Collins), maturing footman Edward (Christopher Beeny), loyal housemaid Daisy (Jacqueline Tong) (later Edward's wife), pathetic maid Ruby (Jenny Tomasin), and, in later episodes, new footmen Thomas Watkins and Frederick (John Alderton and Gareth Hunt). The series opens in November 1903, shortly after the death of Queen Victoria, and runs through until 1930. Along the way, in cosy, soap opera fashion, it depicts the household's struggles to win through in times of adversity, whether social (such as a visit by the King for dinner) or real (when Rose's fiancé is tragically killed in the Great War). It reflects all the early fads and fashions of the 20th century, from the Suffragette movement to the jazz age, writing historical events into the plot. The General Strike is one example and the loss of Lady Marjorie on the Titanic is another. Lord Bellamy remarries (to Scottish widow Virginia Hamilton, played by Hannah Gordon), his ward Georgina Worsley (Lesley-Anne Down) moves in to replace the petulant Elizabeth, and other characters come and go, both above and below the stairs, before disaster strikes at the end of the series. The family's wealth is lost in the 1929 Wall Street Crash, James commits suicide and the house has to be sold. The final episode sees Hudson marry Mrs. Bridges and, together with Ruby, set off to run their own guest house. Edward and Daisy become butler and maid to Georgina and her new husband, the Marquis of Stockbridge (Anthony Andrews), and Rose is the last to leave, wandering through the rooms and closing up the house, with voices from the past reminding her of events, happy and sad, that have dominated her life in Eaton Place. Upstairs, Downstairs -- widely acclaimed for its historical accuracy and shrewd social comment -- was the brainchild of Jean Marsh and fellow actress Eileen Atkins (who had created the role of Sarah for herself but found herself committed to stage work when the programme began). They repeated the exercise in devising The House of Elliot THE VAL DOONICAN SHOW UK (BBC) Variety. Val Doonican was a relaxed Irish singer whose Saturday night variety shows became a staple of the BBC (and, briefly, ITV) diet in the late 1960s and 1970s. Mixing sentimental ballads with novelty songs like "O'Rafferty's Motor Car," and "Delaney's Donkey" and "Paddy McGinty's Goat," Doonican was a firm favourite with both old and young viewers, and his distinctive sweaters and cosy rocking-chair established themselves as his trademarks. Comedian Dave Allen was "discovered" thanks to the weekly slot Doonican gave him. Buy this artist on CD at Amazon.com WHO PAYS THE FERRYMAN? UK (BBC) Drama, BBC 2 1977 When Alan Haldane (Jack Hedley), a one-time officer in the Greek resistance, leaves his boat-building business in the UK to return to Crete after an absence of 30 years, he stirs up a hornet's nest. With old passions and hatreds reunited, he discovers he has an illegitimate daughter on the island and that there is a vendetta against him in Elounda, where he takes up residence. He begins a relationship with local woman Annika Zeferis (Betty Arvaniti), but, unknown to her, Haldane is haunted by memories of her dead sister. Tension mounts as old Greek traditions conflict with the ways of the modern world. The programme title is derived from the legend of Charon, who demanded a fee to ferry passengers across the River Styx to the Underworld. Star Jack Hedley took on the role of Haldane after Peter Finch, who was first choice for the part, unexpectedly passed away. Writer Michael J. Bird had previously explored the mystic Greek islands in his earlier BBC series, The Lotus Eaters. Music for this eight-part drama was performed by Yannis Markopoulos and his orchestra, who scored a UK hit with the theme tune in 1977. Buy this series on DVD at Amazon.com UK (BBC) Police Drama. BBC 1 1962-5; 1967-78 In 1962 the Dixon of Dock Green type of police series was already looking dated. The cosy life of a community copper had been lost for ever, certainly in the big cities at least, and it was time for television to reflect this change. However, it wasn't until writer Troy Kennedy Martin was ill in bed with mumps and, to while away the time, tuned into the police wavelengths that such a change became a possibility. Martin instantly recognized that what he was hearing was a world away from George Dixon's weekly homilies and decided to work his findings into an idea for a new programme. The result was Z Cars, a series that aimed to portray the real relationship between the police and the community. Filled with northern grit and heavily influenced by contemporary "kitchen sink" dramas, Z Cars was set on Merseyside, at a time when the Liverpool docklands were undergoing radical social change. Traditional streets, now designated slums, were making way for high-rise blocks of concrete flats, functional but soulless living spaces that rapidly turned into fertile breeding-grounds for unrest. The pace of life was quickening and crime was responding in its own unpleasant fashion. To combat this crime wave, police were taken off the beat and placed in patrol cars, with the aim of providing a swifter response. Z Cars depicted the efforts of one such patrol team as it roamed the streets of both the old district of Seaport and the modern development of Newtown. The very first episode reveals how the death of a police officer has led to the formation of the team. Det. Isnp. Charlie Barlow (Stratford Johns) and DS John Watt (Frank Windsor) are invited to select their new élite squad, and it introduces viewers to the four patrolmen who are chosen. In the first patrol car, Z Victor 1, are burly northerner William "Fancy" Smith (Brian Blessed) and a rugby-playing Scot, John "Jock" Weir (Joseph Brady). In Z Victor 2 are Irishman Herbert "Bert" Lynch (James Ellis) and red-headed Bob Steele (Jeremy Kemp). Both cars are Ford Zephyrs, initially Mark 4s (later traded in for Mark 6s). Supervising events back at the station is old-fashioned Sgt. Twentyman (Leonard Williams), replaced after a year by Sgt. Blackitt (Robert Keegan) (when Williams suddenly died). However, Z Cars didn't just focus on the new type of crime in the early 1960s, or the police response to it, but, for the first time on British television, it actually dared to suggest that policemen were not as wholesome as they ought to be. Creator Troy Kennedy Martin had wanted the crooks to win through now and again, to show that police were not infallible, but this was too much to ask of a staid BBC. However, he did get away with showing policemen as real human beings, with complicated home lives and vices of their own. Martin and his colleagues painted them as gamblers, drinkers and, most controversially of all, even wife-beaters. Real-life police withdrew their co-operation in response to such excesses. Another innovation was the portrayal by Stratford Johns of Charlie Barlow as a nasty superior officer, not averse to dishing out aggression. Johns was tired of seeing bumbling, ineffective TV detectives. What he wanted was a police officer who actually made the running, was hard on his subordinates and was not afraid to pound suspects into submission. Together with the gentler John Watt, he offered the classic combination of the nice and the nasty; and such was their success, they headed off to the Regional Crime Squad after three years and a series of their own, Watt and Barlow's departure in 1965 was intended to be the finale for Z Cars, but it returned to the screens in 1967, installing John Barrie and John Slater as DI Sam Hudson and DS Tom Stone, their replacements. New Panda cars roared into action and some fresh constables were added to the team, although continuity was maintained through Weir and Lynch (a man who was to rise steadily through the ranks). The format switched from 50-minute episodes to two 25-minute programmes a week, and continued in this vein until 1971, when the longer forms were reintroduced. Other notable characters to come and go over the years are young PC Ian Sweet (Terence Edmond), who is tragically drowned in a heroic rescue attempt; Leigh-born PC David Graham, Lynch's second partner (an early break for actor/writer Colin Welland); sarcastic Insp. Dunn (Dudley Foster); and Geordie heart-throb PC Joe Skinner (Ian Cullen) and his partner, PC Quilley (Douglas Fielding). Indeed, future stars fared rather well, either as guests or as regulars. They included John Thaw, Judi Dench, Kenneth Cope, Alison Steadman, Patrick Troughton and Ralph Bates, whose character pulls a gun on Joe Skinner and shoots him dead. Like Dixon of Dock Green before it, Z Cars found itself left behind by other cop shows in the 1970s. Not only were the likes of America's to contend with. Still Z Cars rolled on, probably showing a more realistic image of 1970s policing than its contemporaries, until the end finally arrived in 1978. Originally transmitted live, making use of crude techniques like back-projection for car scenes, Z Cars looks very dated today. However, the quality of writing, from the likes of Martin, Alan Plater, Elwyn Jones and John Hopkins, is still apparent in the few surviving episodes from those early days. The last episode, penned by Martin, brings the newly promoted Det. Chief Superintendent Watt back to Newtown and features cameo appearances from Joseph Brady, Brian Blessed, Jeremy Kemp and Colin Welland. Over the previous 16 years, the programme's unforgettable theme tune (based on the folk song "Johnny Todd," with an ominous drumbeat intro) had become synonymous with TV policing. - excerpted from The Penguin TV Companion - Third Edition by Jeff Evans (London: Penguin Books, 2001). A list of popular New Zealand '70s TV shows: Children of Fire Mountain	Upstairs Downstairs
Who drove the `Cannonball Express` in a 1958 TV children's programme?	MPT \| Afternoon Tea \| Tea with Heather Week of December 19, 2011: Anton Rodgers Anton Rodgers. For Anton Rodgers life must have seemed to imitate art when the star of May to December married actress Elizabeth Garvie, who was some 24 years his junior. The couple met while filming the 1982 drama series, Something in Disguise and continued to work together until the actor's death just over four years ago, on December 1, 2007. Garvie was Rodgers' second wife; his first was Morna Watson, a former ballet dancer. That marriage produced two children, a boy and a girl, and with Garvie, Rodgers had three more sons. All five children and both Mrs. Rodgers reportedly got along swimmingly. Rodgers who was born in Wisbech, Cambridgeshire on January 10, 1933, made his first stage appearance in 1947 at the age of 14, when he had a walk-on part in Carmen at the Royal Opera House. The following year, he appeared in a touring production as Pip in Charles Dickens' Great Expectations and followed that up by playing the title role in Terence Rattigan's The Winslow Boy in Birmingham. In The Prisoner, with Patrick McGoohan. The son of an accountant and a former singer, who ran a dancing school, Rodgers never planned on entering the acting profession. Instead he wanted to go to University and become a doctor. His domineering stage mum, however, had other plans in mind for her son and she insisted he went into the acting profession. So after Rodgers finished his touring productions and left school, he enrolled at the Italia Conti Academy and then got a scholarship to attend the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Arts. As a youngster, Rodgers was not a healthy child. He almost died of pneumonia when he was a baby, and when he was 14 he started to have bad stomach pains which continued through his late twenties, when after started bleeding badly from the mouth and had to undergo surgery to replace two-thirds of his stomach with plastic. With Julia MacKenzie in Fresh Fields. Ill health, however, did not prevent Rodgers from doing his National Service as a Forces Network broadcaster. It also didn't prevent him embarking on a career in films and in 1956 he took over from Peter Sellers in the film Rotten to the Core. Despite a strong cast, Rodgers claimed that he had never been more miserable in his life and had taken the role only to appease his mother, who enjoyed thinking of her son as a 'film star'. Subsequent film appearances included Carry on Jack (1963), Scrooge (1970), The Day of the Jackal (1973), Dirty Rotten Scoundrels (1988) and Son of the Pink Panther (1993). As The Duke in The Merchant of Venice. Rodgers' West End stage debut was at the Wyndham Theatre in The Boyfriend in 1957. Other shows included Waiting for Godot, Heartbreak House, The Beaux Stratagem, Henry V, and The Italian Straw Hat. In the mid-1970s he was in a National Theatre production of The Front Page, which toured Australia. Rodgers would have to wait almost a decade before appearing at the National Theatre in London though, but the opportunity arrived in 1984 when he was cast in George Bernard Shaw's Saint Joan. Before that, in 1979, Rodgers was the recipient of a Laurence Olivier Best Actor award, for his appearance in the musical Songbook. Then the same year, Rodgers realized his dream of appearing at the National Theatre in London. He also got his first starring role on television in a series called Fresh Fields, starring Julia "Miss Marple" McKenzie. Although the series only aired for a couple of years it managed to win itself an Emmy award. After it finished, Rodgers was cast as Alec Callendar in May to December, which ran for six years. With Eve Matheson in May to December. As well as acting, Rodgers also enjoyed directing. In 1970 he directed The Fantasticks at Hampstead, and The Taming of the Shrew at Northcott Theatre in Exeter. Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman followed at the Oxford Playhouse in 1975. Rodgers' final stage engagement was in the touring production of Alan Bennett's The History Boys in 2006. Sadly ill health forced his withdrawal and he died the following year. If you've got an actor or a show you'd like to see featured in Tea Time Tidbits, drop me a line. To contact Heather: Week of December 12, 2011: Kathy Staff This week we pay tribute to Kathy Staff, who played the formidable Nora Batty in Last of the Summer Wine and who you've lately been seeing demanding her Afternoon Tea. Kathy Staff. Staff, who died three years ago this week on December 13, 2008, was born on July 12, 1928 in Dunkinfield, Cheshire, to a working-class family, who valued Church above all else. As a young girl, Staff, whose real name was Minnie Higginbottom, would attend two Sunday school sessions and two services on the Sabbath. Performing was what young Minnie loved most though, whether in local pantomimes or the Church choir. She also loved to dance and her dream was to become a ballet dancer. It wasn't to be as her father, who was a clothing company manager, could never raise the money for her to take formal ballet training. Staff left school, where she'd been made Head Girl, when she was 14, trained as a shorthand typist and went to work at the National Gas & Oil Engine Company in Ashton-under-Lyne. Fortunately for Staff the firm she worked for had an amateur acting group which she joined. Her mother, who worked part-time, scraped together the money to send her daughter to private singing lessons and by the time Staff was 21, she had decided to become a professional actress. John Staff arrives for the funeral of his wife of 57 years. Changing her name to Katherine Brant (which was the name of a storefront she'd seen while travelling to work on the bus) she got work in a touring repertory theatre in Wales. It was there that she met her husband, John Staff; a young student and lay reader in a local church who went onto become a school teacher. After marrying John in 1951, Staff took her husband's last name, and retired from acting while she bought up their two daughters. The youngest, the Rev. Susie Jackson, would become one of the first women to be ordained in the Church of England. Staff's retirement lasted ten years until, at the persuasion of an old friend from her days in the theatre, she returned to work as a three pound a day extra in television. She also got a very nice supporting role alongside Alan Bates in the 1962 film, A Kind of Loving. Also in the film, was her LOTSW co-star Thora Hird. In 1969 Staff was cast in her first soap opera; Castle Haven. After that she had a regular role in the popular soap, Crossroads, and would appear sporadically from 1978 until the series finished in 2002. She also played in Coronation Street as Vera Hopkins. Staff as Nora Batty. In 1972 Staff appeared in the first pilot episode of Last of the Summer Wine. In looks and personality, Staff was the exact opposite to the baggy-stockinged character she portrayed. While Nora was a dragon-lady with a sharp tongue, Staff had a gentle personality, reflected in her love of collecting antiques and listening to classical music. Often, while recording a scene, she had to be urged to be more abrasive in the delivery of her lines, to keep in character. Also, as Staff was several sizes smaller than Nora, she had to be trussed into a man's vest onto which padding had been sewn. Once in her Nora get-up, Staff was virtually unrecognizable. So much so that she was free to go about her personal life and continue with such activities as singing in her local church choir. "People never seem to recognize me straight away", recalled Staff in an interview. "They know they have seen me somewhere, but they are not sure where." Staff in the film Mary Reilly. Following up on the success of Staff as Nora Batty, show creator David Croft also cast Staff as Mrs. Blewitt in his series Open All Hours. Also, during the 1980s and 1990s, Staff appeared in several films, including The Dresser, Little Dorritt and in Mary Reilly, starring opposite Julia Roberts and John Malkovich. Somehow, Staff also managed to pen an autobiography; My Story ï¿½ Wrinkles and All, which was published in 1997 and fit in a number of stage roles. These included Lady Bracknell in The Importance of Being Earnest, Madame Arcati and Mrs. Malaprop in touring productions of Blithe Spirit and The Rivals respectively and a touring production of the comedy Sailor Beware, as well as two West End plays: the farce Two into One and comedy When We Are Married. She also appeared in many pantomimes. Last of the Summer Wine actors Jane Freeman and Mike Grady were among the funeral mourners. At the age of 80, Staff was diagnosed with a brain tumor. She passed away at the Willow Wood Hospice in Ashton-under-Lyne with her husband John at her bedside. More than 400 mourners attended her funeral, which was held at the church where she delivered her first performance in a pantomime at the age of three. If you've got an actor or a show you'd like to see featured in Tea Time Tidbits, drop me a line. To contact Heather: Week of December 5, 2011: David Griffin This week's Tea Time Tidbits topic is actor David Griffin, who appears as Emmet Hawksworth in Keeping Up Appearances. Griffin as Emmet Hawksworth in Keeping Up Appearances. Griffin was born in Richmond, Surrey on July 19, 1943. His first job in show business was when he was just 15 years old, when he was an assistant on an ice skating chimpanzee act. After training at the Italia Conti Stage School in London he went onto enjoy a wide and diverse acting career, both on stage and television. Griffin's early stage career was in 1964 at The Playhouse in Weston - until the theatre was destroyed by a fire. As Griffin recalls "it was my very first repertory season and it had to be moved to the town hall. The director wouldn't be defeated and we continued the season. The Salvation Army donated costumes for us and only three days after the fire we were on stage again. It was one of those real 'the show must go on' moments." Playbill from the pantomime Peter Pan. Griffin wasn't put off and went on to make his living in repertory theatre. One of his roles was as Frank in the stage version of Educating Rita. He's also had roles in the Agatha Christie plays, Murder at the Vicarage and And Then There was None, as well as Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice and J.B. Priestley's An Inspector Calls. Griffin joined the cast of Keeping Up Appearances at the beginning of the second series. He stayed with the series for four years, from 1991 to 1995, after which he toured worldwide with actress Su Pollard, in the stage show The Good Sex Guide Musical Review. Griffin had previously worked with Pollard in the hit television comedy, also written by David Croft, Hi-De-Hi, playing Sqdn-Ldr Clive Dempster DFC, from 1984 to 1988. Griffin's other television work included 'Allo, 'Allo, Michael Palin's Ripping Yarns and, like many of our Afternoon Tea actors, Doctor Who. He appeared as Lt. Commander Mitchell aboard the submarine in the 1972 story The Sea Devils. He has also starred in pantomimes such as Jack and the Beanstalk and Peter Pan. Griffin rehearsing for Peter Pan. One of things Griffin enjoys about performing in panto is the fun he has, especially when he's playing a comic villain such as Captain Hook. He thoroughly enjoys the banter with the audience. "Oh, it's brilliant the way they join in", says Griffin of his experience, "the more abusive they are the better I like it. There really is nothing better than getting booed constantly." Griffin's worst panto memory is of the time his character didn't get booed. Recalls Griffin, "I was doing panto in Horsham and I couldn't get anything out of the performance because the audience just wouldn't join in and make some noise and boo. I could actually hear parents saying to their children 'don't shout at him' and I'm stood there thinking, no do. I even heard a headmaster on the way in with his school say they all had to be quiet and behave, and I was thinking no, don't do that, you have to misbehave, that's the point. But pantomime is great. There's so much hi-tech stuff around these days for youngsters but stick two dancers in a cow suit or dress a man as a woman or the other way around and the suspension of belief is absolutely magical." Griffin in 2007. A far cry from pantomime is the world of film and Griffin has several film credits to his name, including The Blood Beast Terror, where he appeared alongside Peter Cushing. Griffin is fluent in French, which must come in handy as he's married to a Frenchwoman. Together they have two children. If you've got an actor or a show you'd like to see featured in Tea Time Tidbits, drop me a line. To contact Heather: Week of November 28, 2011: Peter Sallis At the request of an avid Afternoon Tea viewer, this week we're going to take a look at Last of the Summer Wine's Cleggy, actor Peter Sallis, who despite his seemingly authentic northern accent, was actually born in London on February 1st, 1921. Sallis in a 1973 episode of Last of the Summer Wine. After leaving school, Sallis, whose father was a bank manager, also went to work in a bank, but not the same one as his father. When World War II broke out he joined the RAF as a wireless mechanic, teaching radio procedures at RAF Cranwell. When one of his students offered him the lead in a camp production of Noel Coward's Hay Fever, Sallis jumped at the opportunity and went on to make regular appearances in the camp shows, entertaining the troops. After the war finished, Sallis left the RAF and received a scholarship to attend London's prestigious Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts in London, under a scheme for ex-service men. He made his first professional stage appearance in 1946. Sallis in Doctor Who. Throughout the 1950s and '60s, Sallis continued to work mainly on stage, and appeared with such theatre legends as Laurence Olivier, John Gielgud, Ralph Richardson, Orson Welles, and Judi Dench. He did do some film and television work during this time as well, however, most notably in 1958 when he played the title role in the BBC serialized production of Samuel Pepys. In 1965, Sallis appeared on Broadway playing Doctor Watson in the musical Baker Street, alongside Richard Burton. Then in 1967, like many of our Afternoon Tea actors, Sallis did a stint on Doctor Who, playing a scientist in the story "The Ice Warriors". Sallis in The Persauders. In 1971, Sallis acted alongside Roger Moore and Tony Curtis in an episode of The Persuaders and a couple of years later in 1973, he originated the role that was to make him popular the world over, that of Norman Clegg, in what was a one-off pilot for Comedy Playhouse called Of Funerals and Fish. Following the success of the pilot the BBC commissioned a series to be called Last of the Summer Wine. The character of Norman Clegg was created especially for Sallis, who admits that he shares more than a few similarities with his onscreen persona and is proud of the fact that Clegg's character remained constant throughout the over 35 years of filming. He played Clegg from 1973 to 2010 when the show concluded and was the only cast member to appear in every single episode. There were times though when Sallis wondered if joining the series had been the right decision. One of those was when, along with Michael Bates as Blamire, and Bill Owen as Compo, he set off in a wobbly canoe on Yorkshire's freezing cold River Wharfe. Owen was in the bow, Bates was in the stern, and in the middle was Sallis. LOTSW: "Three Men in a Boat". As the canoe sailed under the bridge at Bolton Abbey it started to wobble. It then gave a shudder and tipped right over. The non-swimming Sallis later recalled that he only managed to avoid drowning, was because he put a foot on a hard object under the water and was able to lever. The hard object turned out to be Owen's head! "To have us row a canoe and shoot the bridge and come out the other side into this choppy water, there's no wonder the bloody thing turned over and no wonder I nearly drowned," said Sallis. It was this kind of visual comedy, however, that audiences loved and slapstick routines would become more and more frequent an occurrence. Sallis began to scan new scripts seeking out the dreaded words "All we see of our three is a row of bubbles on the surface of the water." In later years, as the main male leads grew older, they would be replaced by stunt men and the younger cast members would take over the physical comedy tradition. Wallace and Gromit. Being in a long running television series, didn't prevent Sallis from accepting other work, and during the 1970s and '80s he appeared in a number of other television shows. His biggest success, outside of Summer Wine, came in 1989 when he gave voice to the animated eccentric inventor, Wallace in Wallace and Gromit: A Grand Day Out. Three Oscar winning Wallace and Gromit films followed in 1993, 1995 and 2008 and last year, at the age of 89, Sallis provided the voice for Wallace in the TV show Wallace and Gromit's World of Invention. When first asked by Wallace and Gromit creator, Nick Park, to be the voice of Wallace, Sallis tried to persuade him to cast someone else, as he was only able to do a Yorkshire accent and not the Lancashire accent Park wanted for Wallace. Park insisted Sallis audition and despite Sallis's attempts to put him off, cast him in the role. In 2006, Sallis published an autobiography called, Fading Into the Limelight and in 2007 he was awarded the OBE in the Queen's Birthday Honours List in 2007 for services to Drama. Sallis acknowledged the honor, saying "I'm flattered. I don't even dream about these things, which is probably just as well...but it means a lot to me." Sallis and his wife Elaine Usher after their wedding at St. John's Wood Church, London, 9th February 1957. Sallis and his wife of over 50 years, Elaine Usher, who he married in 1957, have one child Timothy 'Crispian' Sallis. Despite 60 years in show business Sallis has managed to keep his private life private. He rarely travels outside of England, but he did get to go to the Academy Awards ceremony in Los Angeles when Wallace and Gromit was nominated for a Best Animated Feature Film award It was a thrilling experience for Sallis, "I've always been an Oscar fan. I love the girls, the actresses, who are in tears and thank their mummy and their daddy and the chap who looked after their dog. Just to be there was really lovely." Sallis with Frank Thornton waiting to watch the last episode of LOTSW. Now 90 years old, Sallis suffers from macular degeneration, which is why in the later episodes of LOTSW you don't see him in as many scenes. The disease doesn't however prevent Sallis from helping raise funds for the Macular Disease Society and he can frequently be seen or heard making television and radio appeals for the charity. Earlier this month in fact Sallis recorded an online documentary film about the disease, which can be seen here . Pagett recently, and as Elizabeth. The cast of Last of the Summer Wine. Front row seated: Roy Clarke (who wrote the program), Peter Sallis (Norman Clegg) who appeared in every episode since the first one was filmed in June 1972, and Frank Thornton (Herbert Truelove). Standing L-R: Jean Fergusson (Marina), Josephine Tewson (Miss Davenport), Alan J.W. Bell (director/producer), Juliette Kaplan (Pearl Sibshaw), Robert Fyfe (Howard Sibshaw), Ken Kitson (PC Cooper), Burt Kwouk (Entwhistle), Trevor Bannister (The Captain), June Whitfield (Nelly), Mike Grady (Barry), Barbara Young (Stella), Christopher Beeny (Morton Beemish), and Tom Owen (Tom Simmonite). Absent are Jane Freeman (Ivy) (like Peter Sallis, an original cast member), Sarah Thomas (Glenda), Jean Alexander (Auntie Wainwright), Brian Murphy (Alvin Smedley), Russ Abbot (Hobo), and Louis Emerick (PC Walsh). If you've got an actor or a show you'd like to see featured in Tea Time Tidbits, drop me a line. To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of November 21, 2011: The original Upstairs, Downstairs, part two This week we wrap up our look at what the cast members of the original Upstairs Downstairs have been up to since the series finished in 1975. Pagett recently, and as Elizabeth. Nicola Pagett, who played Lady Elizabeth Kirbridge, performed the title role in a 1977 BBC adaptation of Anna Karenina and was in a variety of films including The Viking Queen and Oliver's Story. Pagett also played a lead role in the 1994 to 1995 sitcom Ain't Misbehavin'. In 1998 the actress chronicled her experiences with manic depression in a book titled Diamonds Behind My Eyes. In the book Pagett tells of how in 1995, while appearing in What The Butler Saw at the National Theatre in London, she began behaving erratically and was ultimately diagnosed as having acute manic depression. During this time she developed an obsession with Alastair Campbell, the Prime Minister's Press Secretary. Her obsession culminated in her being confined in a closed psychiatric unit. She now controls her illness with medication and self-awareness. Early acting days, and as Hudson. Gordon Jackson, the stern bible quoting Mr. Hudson, started acting as a teenager and enjoyed a career of almost half a century. Although he had almost 60 film credits to his name, Jackson was perpetually afraid of being unemployed. The handsome redhead was so insecure that he would forget lines, shake when handling props and even refused to watch his own screen performances. On leaving school, Jackson, who was born in 1923, became an apprentice engineer draughtsman at the Rolls-Royce Factory in Glasgow. He continued working at the factory even after he got his first film role in a film called The Foreman Went to France, made at Ealing Studios in 1942. That role lead to a succession of small character parts and he eventually became a full-time actor. Ealing Studios was also where Jackson met his wife, Scottish actress Rona Anderson. With wife, actress Rona Anderson. Throughout the 1950s and '60s, Jackson juggled films, such as Mutiny on the Bounty, The Great Escape, The Ipcress File and The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, with stage and television work. In 1971, Jackson was offered the role of Angus Hudson, which he accepted because it guaranteed six months work. Just five years later he received an Emmy. Following Upstairs, Downstairs, Jackson played tough guy, George Crowley in the action crime series The Professionals which ran from 1977-1983. He also starred as solicitor Noel Strachen in the 1981 Australian mini-series A Town Like Alice. In 1979, Jackson received an OBE from the Queen. Tragically his career was cut short when, in 1989, it was discovered he had severe bone cancer. Jackson passed away on January 14th 1990. Baddeley minus Mrs. Bridges' wig, rehearsing a scene. Angela Baddeley, who played Mrs. Bridges, was born in 1904 in London. Her family was wealthy and she based the character of Mrs. Bridges on one of the cooks they had when she was a child. Baddeley wasn't the only actress in the family; her younger sister was Hermoine Baddeley. Having made her stage debut at the age of eight, Baddeley performed in Richard III at the Old Vic Theatre in London when she was just nine years old. As a teenager, Baddeley performed in numerous musicals and pantomimes, before 'retiring' from acting at the age of 18. A few years later, Baddeley came out of retirement and went on to establish herself as one of the most popular theatre actresses of her day. In 1975 she was awarded a CBE for her 'services to acting'. Angela Baddeley in make-up being fitted with her Mrs Bridges wig. After the conclusion of Upstairs, Downstairs, Baddeley was all set to put her Mrs. Bridges apron back on in a spin-off from the series, which was to have focused on Mr. Hudson, Ruby and her running a seaside boarding house. Before filming could begin, in February of 1976, Baddeley died of pneumonia at the age of 71. Her last role was on the London stage in the second cast of Stephen Sondheim's A Little Night Music. Baddeley's grandson is Charles Hart, who wrote the lyrics to the Andrew Lloyd Weber musical The Phantom of the Opera. As Rose, and recently. Jean Marsh, the co-creator of the series (with fellow actress Eileen Atkins), played formidable parlourmaid Rose Buck. Since the series ended, Marsh has had a busy career in the theatre and on television, including a starring role in the US sitcom 9 to 5 (1982) and films such as Return to Oz (1985) and Willow (1988). Marsh again plays Rose in the new version of Upstairs, Downstairs, but this time she has been promoted to Housekeeper. In October of this year Marsh had to take a break from filming the new series when she suffered a stroke. Beeny as Edward the footman. Christopher Beeny, who played Edward Barnes the footman, became a regular on the UK's first soap opera The Grove Family. He went on to star in the comedy In Loving Memory. In recent years Beeny has cameoed on Last of the Summer Wine. Alderton with wife Pauline Collins and their son Nicholas in 1974. John Alderton, who played Thomas Watkins the chauffeur, went on to star with his wife Pauline Collins, who played Sarah, in the spin-off drama Thomas and Sarah. Just one of numerous times the long married couple has worked together, both on stage and the screen. Alderton also made appearances in James Herriot's 1975 film It Shouldn't Happen To A Vet and in the 2003 movie Calendar Girls. In 2008, Alderton played Christopher Casby in the 2008 BBC adaptation of the Dickens classic Little Dorrit. Alderton and Collins reunited on screen in 2002 in the film Mrs Caldicot's Cabbage War. As Ruby, as Tasambeker. Jenny Tomasin played scullery maid Ruby Finch. After Upstairs, Downstairs ended, Tomasin joined the cast of Crossroads playing waitress Florence Baker. She remained with the Motel soap until 1979. In the 1985 she made a memorable appearance in Doctor Who during Colin Baker's tenure as the Doctor. Her character, Tasambeker, was exterminated by the Daleks. Tomasin also appeared in ITV soap Emmerdale before her character, Noreen Bell, was killed off In 2006. Her most recent television appearances have been chat shows, where she is interviewed about her days on the series and how hard it has been for her to get acting work since the series ended. "I feel the series might have limited me," says Tomasin. "There are a lot of strong-woman parts I could have played, which nobody would see me as." The cast reunite in summer 2002 for the After Upstairs, Downstairs documentary. Left to right: Jackie Tong (Daisy), Meg Wynn Owen (Hazel), Simon Williams (James), Jenny Tomasin (Ruby), Lesley-Anne Down (Georgina) and Gareth Hunt (Frederick). Back-stage group photo from the 50-years BAFTA celebration event from October 2007. From left to right: Christopher Beeny (Edward), Jacqueline Tong (Daisy), Simon Williams (James), Pauline Collins (Sarah), John Alderton (Thomas), Jean Marsh (Rose/co-creator), Meg Wynn Owen (Hazel), Lesley-Anne Down (Georgina) and Jenny Tomasin (Ruby). So that wraps up our look at the actors in Upstairs, Downstairs. If you've got an actor or a show you'd like to see featured in Tea Time Tidbits, drop me a line. To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of November 14, 2011: The original Upstairs, Downstairs A couple of weeks ago we were chatting about actress Pauline Collins who played Sarah in the long running TV drama Upstairs, Downstairs. Over the next couple of weeks, I thought you might enjoy a brief rundown on what Ms. Collins' co-stars in the series have been up to since it last aired in 1975. David Langton off set. David Langton who played Richard Bellamy added a number of other "Lords" to his acting resume after the show finished. Namely, Prime Minister Lord Asquith in Number 10 in 1983, and Lord Mountbatten in the television film Charles and Diana: A Royal Love Story in 1982. While living in Stratford-upon-Avon where he was enjoying semi-retirement, Langton suffered a fatal heart attack and passed away in 1994 at the age of 82. It was only after Langton's death that his friends discovered his real age, having always been under the impression that he was 10 years younger. Rachel Gurney and David Langton as Lady Marjorie and Richard Bellamy. Rachel Gurney who played Lady Marjorie Bellamy was written out of the show at her own request, after the first two series. She went onto enjoy a successful stage career, making her Broadway debut in 1980 in Major Barbara. Gurney returned to Broadway twice more in The Dresser (1981ï¿½1982) and Breaking the Code (1988). Gurney passed away in 2001 at age 81. She is said to have regretted leaving Upstairs, Downstairs, and had her character not been last seen setting sail on the Titanic, would have loved to have returned. Hannah Gordon then, more recently. Hannah Gordon was just 33 when she played Viscountess Virginia Bellamy, Richard's second wife. Since the show ended in 1975, Gordon has kept busy with roles in television such as Midsomer Murders and the daytime television program Watercolour and on the stage. She has also done a lot of narration including animated features such as Watership Down, which ran from 1998 to 2002, BBC radio plays and audiobooks. In 1983 Kordes of Germany bred a floribunda rose which they named Hannah Gordon in her honor. Gordon also regularly performs her popular one-woman show For All Occasions at theatres around the U.K. Simon Williams as Major James Bellamy. Simon Williams, who played the series heart-throb Major James Bellamy, went on to make a career of playing upper-class roles in many TV shows, including Dr. Charles Cartwright in Don't Wait Up Sir, and Charles Merrick in Holby City. The 6' 4" actor also enjoys a successful career writing thrillers and plays Williams' most recent stage work is as Cabinet Secretary, Sir Humphrey Appleby in the stage version of Yes, Prime Minister. For over 30 years, Williams, who goes by the nickname "Sam", has been an active member of the Actors' Charitable Trust (a charity that provides financial support, information and advice to actors whose children have special needs, and also helps with childcare costs and other expenses for actors who are living with cancer or other illness) and Denville Hall (a retirement and nursing home for elderly actors and actresses, including those with dementia). Williams also donates his time and expertise to the Sir Terence Rattigan Charitable Trust, the King George V Fund for Actors and Actresses, and several other charities. Meg Wynn Owen then, more recently. Meg Wynn Owen who played Hazel Bellamy has worked consistently in television and film. Film roles include character parts in Gosford Park, Love Actually and Pride and Prejudice. Most recently, Meg is the mother in the British sitcom Family Business. Lesley-Anne Down then, more recently. Lesley-Anne Down, who played Georgina Worsley, appeared in films The Pink Panther Strikes Again, A Little Night Music and Hanover Street opposite Harrison Ford. She was also Stephanie Rogers in Dallas in the early 90s and since March, 2003, she has played Jacqueline Payne Marone in the soap The Bold and the Beautiful. Down's permanent home is in Los Angeles. Down has been married three times. Season Three cast. Reunion cast photo, 1982. A reunion photo taken in 1982, featuring the early set of characters from the series. Note that Simon Williams has his arm around an imaginary person. It can only be assumed that somebody (Jean Marsh perhaps?) couldn't make it to the shoot and the intention was to add her photo in later! We'll be chatting about other actors in Upstairs, Downstairs next week, including Angela Baddelly and Gordon Jackson. In the meantime, if you're an Upstairs, Downstairs fan let us know what you think of the new series. To contact Heather: Week of November 7, 2011: David Jason A very young David Jason. It's hard to imagine that the much put upon Granville in Open All Hours, played by actor David Jason, is in real-life a "Sir". Jason, who was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1993 and knighted in 2005 for his services to drama, was born David John White on February 2nd, 1940 in North Finchley, a suburb of London. The 5ft 5" actor Jason (he changed his name in 1963 after discovering there was already an Equity actor called David White) got the acting bug when he was fourteen years old. His first stage appearance was when he stepped into the role of a Cavalier in a Civil War drama put on by his school, when one of his classmates had to drop out. Until that point, Jason had thought acting was something that only girls did. Much to his surprise he loved the experience and joined an amateur dramatic society, hoping to follow in the footsteps of his older brother Arthur, who had become a professional actor. As Blanco in Porridge, looking much older than his 35 years. Jason's father, Arthur, a porter at Biillingsgate Fish Market and his mother, Olwen, who cleaned houses, however, persuaded the young David, when he left school at the age of fifteen, to get himself a trade by working in a local garage as a trainee mechanic. He duly complied, but after a year switched courses to become an electrician, all the while continuing to hone his acting skills in a number of amateur productions. A few years later, when he was in his 20s, Jason and a friend set up their own business called B & W Installations. Then in March of 1965, Jason was recommended by his brother to take over his role in a Noel Coward play. The director went to see Jason in one of the amateur productions he was performing in and offered him the part. He made his professional debut in the play at Bromley Rep on April 5, 1965, earning the princely sum of nine pounds a week. As Derek Trotter in Only Fools and Horses. Jason stayed at Bromley Rep for over a year, playing variety of roles usually of a comedic nature. While he was there he met Lennard Pearce when they both appeared in the eighteenth century comedy The Rivals. Fifteen years later, the pair reunited when Pearce played Gradad to Jason's Del Boy in the series that shot Jason to fame, Only Fools and Horses. After Bromley Rep, Jason went on to appear in numerous stage and television productions and in 1969 was cast as a decrepit old gardener in a brand new Ronnie Barker series called Hark at Barker. Jason and Barker hit it off immediately and the pair would be paired again in 1973 in Porridge and Open All Hours. Jason's role as Granville garnered him the part of Del Boy in Only Fools and Horses, when the director of the series watched it one night and realized that Jason was ideal for his new sitcom which was still lacking an actor to play the main character. David collecting his OBE in 1993, with partner Myfanwy Talog. Only Fools and Horses ran for sixty-two episodes ending with a three-part Christmas special in 1996, the last part of which drew in an audience of 24.3 million. During its run Jason also created two more memorable characters to add to his ever growing repertoire; Sid "Pop" Larkin in The Darling Buds of May and Detective Inspector William "Jack" Frost in the TV series A Touch of Frost, which ran for seventeen years. Interestingly enough Jason was not the first choice to play "Jack". He only got the role after it was turned down by his good friend and mentor, Ronnie Barker. In 1995, Jason's girlfriend of eighteen years, Welsh actress Myfanwy Talog, died of breast cancer. The experience inspired Jason to organize his own charity, The David Jason Trust, for terminally ill children. He also threw himself into his work and throughout the 1990s, along with his roles on television, he appeared in numerous films and documentary series. As Inspector "Jack" Frost. At the age of 61, Jason took on the role of his life - that of 'dad'. His daughter Sophie Mae was born in 2001. Jason and Sophie's mother, Gill Hinchcliff, who is 20 years Jason's junior, had met when she was working as a production assistant on A Touch of Frost. They married on November 30, 2005 at a private ceremony at the Dorchester Hotel. According to an interview Jason gave last year, being an older father is not without its stresses. "I think maybe you do lack a bit of patience when you're an older dad," said the then 70-year-old. "It's great, but - cor, blimey - try watching television when she comes home at four o'clock and she's like: 'No, you can't watch the news. I'm watching SpongeBob.' You hardly get a look in, believe me." With wife Gill and daughter Sophie Mae at the premiere of Cirque du Soleil's Totem at the Royal Albert Hall. When asked by BBC television's Michael Parkinson why he'd waited so long to become a father, the actor said "I didn't actually wait, it was thrust upon me I think. My life has been in reverse. It wasn't fame and it wasn't money, but I always wanted to succeed. The only way I could do that was to try with every job to be better than I was in the last one, and to learn. Because of that I needed to be footloose and fancy free. I needed to go where the work was. As soon as things started to get heavy with a relationship, I'm afraid I was one of those that would (be) off, gone. Only because, I knew for me I couldn't be responsible for a family and the silly work I was doing." Wearing a hairpiece as he filmed his new BBC comedy The Royal Bodyguard. That "silly work" of course has bought joy to millions and continues to do so with the release of a brand new David Jason sitcom, The Royal Bodyguard. In it Jason plays a royal protection officer who got the job by accident - and really isn't up to the role. Which is something you can't say about any of the parts Jason has taken on in his half century acting career. If there's an actor you'd like to see featured in an upcoming tea-time tidbits, write to me at... To contact Heather: Week of October 31, 2011: Pauline Collins As Sarah Moffit in Upstairs, Downstairs. If you've recently been enjoying the revival of Upstairs, Downstairs, then today ï¿½ courtesy of a viewer request ï¿½ we take a trip down memory lane and chat about Pauline Collins, who starred as Sarah Moffit in the original series. Collins was born in Exmouth, Devon on September 3, 1940, but grew up near Liverpool. She caught the acting bug at just eight years old, when she stepped into a role at a local amateur dramatics society production run by her mother. Later Collins worked as a drama teacher while acting on a part-time basis. In 1957, Collins had her first television role in the long running series, Emergency Ward 10, where she played a nurse and in 1962, she entered the acting world full-time, making her stage debut in Windsor, in a play called A Gazelle in Park Lane. You Will Meet A Tall Dark Stranger with Woody Allen and Gemma Jones. Two years later, the young Roman Catholic actress found herself work at a repertory theatre in Killarney, Ireland. Life seemed idyllic; acting in a different play every night, boarding with other actors and falling in love. At the end of the season, Collins' world turned upside down when she discovered she was pregnant. Hiding her pregnancy from family, agents and friends, Collins entered a home run by nuns for unmarried mothers. It was there her daughter Louise was born and immediately given up for adoption. Collins never forgot her little girl and 22 years later the pair reunited. Collins documented the anguish of the experience and the subsequent joy of their reunion in a memoir she penned called Letter to Louise. After the birth of Louise, Collins returned to England where she threw herself into her work and made her West End debut in 1965 in a play called Passion Flower Hotel. The following year, she made her first film, Secrets of a Windmill Girl and in 1967 she played Samantha Briggs in the Doctor Who series The Faceless Ones. Producers were so impressed with Collins that they offered her the opportunity to continue working on the show as a new companion for the Doctor. Collins declined, but later returned to the BBC in the pilot episode and first series of a show set in Liverpool called The Liver Birds. That was in 1969, just a few years before Collins would become a household name in her portrayal of Sarah the maid in the ITV drama Upstairs, Downstairs. With husband John Alderton. Collins appeared regularly in the first two series. The second series also starred Collins' actor husband, John Alderton as chauffeur Thomas Watkins. The couple went on to appear on screen together several times. First in Thomas and Sarah, a spin-off to Upstairs, Downstairs, and later in the sitcom, No, Honestly, and in the Wodehouse Playhouse series, which ran from 1975-78. They also co-narrated an animated British children's television series called Little Miss in 1983 and starred in the ITV drama series Forever Green, where they appeared as a couple escaping the city with their children to start a new life in the country. The Broadway production of Shirley Valentine. Forever Green ran from 1989 to 1992, during which time, Collins gained international fame in the 1989 film Shirley Valentine, an adaptation of the one-woman play she'd won an Olivier Award for in London's West End a year earlier. Her portrayal of the bored Liverpudlian housewife Shirley, talking over the problems of her marriage with her kitchen wall garnered Collins Golden Globe and Academy Award nominations. The same year the film was released, Collins took the play to Broadway, where she won a Tony award. In real life, Collins is nothing like disgruntled housewife Shirley. Her 42 year marriage to Alderton is one of the most stable in show business and has produced three children, Nicholas, Kate and Richard. With her OBE in 2001. In 2001 Collins was awarded an OBE. When Collins received a phone call from 10 Downing Street, she thought Tony Blair wanted her support in the general election. "I was stupefied", said Collins after receiving her honor from the Queen at a Buckingham Palace investiture ceremony. "The letter had got lost, it was sent to a former agent or something. So I didn't know anything about it. I was amazed that I should be awarded anything - I think I said 'What's it for?'" As Mrs. Flite in Bleak House. The OBE was, of course, for the actress' services to acting. One of Collins' favorite roles was that of Miss Flite in the BBC production of Charles Dickens' Bleak House. Dickens was very much part of Pauline's childhood. As Collins tells it, "Mum loved Dickens and often put on dramatizations of Dickens, in particular Nicolas Nickelby. She was very good at it. I guess that's where my love of his work started." For the role, Collins had to wear yet another period costume, as she'd just completed filming on the set of Doctor Who where she'd played Queen Victoria. According to Collins, "it was the heaviest costume I've ever worn ï¿½ it was like carrying several small children 'round with me all the time!" That was in 2006 and Collins became only the third actor to have been in both the original and the new series of Doctor Who. Collins' most recent role was in the 2010 Woody Allen film, You Will Meet A Tall Dark Stranger. Her other film roles include Paradise Road, with Glenn Close and Cate Blanchett in 1997 and City of Joy with Patrick Swayze in 1992. If you've got a current or past British actor you'd like to find out more about, let me know. To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of October 24, 2011: Chef's Lenny Henry, continued As promised this week we're going to chat more about Lenny Henry who plays Gareth Blackstock in Chef! Fifty three year old Henry was born at Burton Road Hospital in Dudley, Worcestershire. The son of Jamaican immigrants, Winifred (Winnie) and Winston, Henry was half way through completing an engineering diploma at Westbury Technical College when at the age of 17 his world was turned upside down after winning Britain's New Faces talent show. Suddenly he was famous. As Henry recalls, "I went from nothing to everything in the space of three minutes. The whole idea of fame and stardom was that it's for them, not for me. I was going to be an electrician or work in a factory like my dad." The Henry family; Billie, Lenny, and Dawn. Henry's relationship with his father was virtually non-existent. They shared a home, but little else. His father rarely spoke to him, or his six siblings, and hugs were unheard of. It wasn't until Winston lay dying in 1975 that he finally started to communicate with his son. As Henry remembers it "on his death bed he wanted to cram a lot in. He'd talk about Jamaica and his life there and when he first came to England. I would just sit there and nod and then he was gone. I didn't cry. There was respect for him but the emotional connection wasn't there." Henry's factory worker mother on the other hand was his hero. A strict disciplinarian at home, when it came to standing up for her kids there was no one stronger. "She'd come to the school and speak up for me," recalls Henry. "A teacher at primary school kicked me because I threw paint. She [Winnie] yelled and shouted, and demanded an apology. The teachers hid from her." His mother's death had a far greater impact on Henry than that of his father. "Her illness went from 1991 to 1998 and it was very difficult. It was a miracle that I was able to be funny because there were so many sad things going on. She was a diabetic, a double amputee, had glaucoma, was asthmatic and had a heart condition. My mum was very, very tough. It wasn't until she had a stroke, which took her speech away...once that happened she just thought, there's no point." Winnie passed away while Henry was on tour in Australia. Henry remembers not being able to respond to his brother-in-law who had given him the news over the phone. He cried for 30 minutes. It was after his mother's death that Henry began his intense course of studying as a way of honoring the strong woman who, despite her son's success in show business, had always worried that he hadn't had much education. At the time of Winnie's death, Henry was married to Dawn French, star of The Vicar of Dibley. The couple met in 1981 at the Comedy Store in London, where French was performing with her friend Jennifer Saunders. For the 6ft 3" Henry and the barely 5ft French, it was love at first sight. French announced her love of Henry to her mother in typical jocular fashion; "know when I was little, you were always telling me about the big black bogeyman who would come and get me if I didn't go to sleep? Well, he's come and got me!" Dawn French and Lenny Henry on their wedding day, October 20, 1984. The comedic couple got married at St. Paul's Cathedral in 1984. Their marriage had more than its fair share of problems. From the attacks they came under publically from racists who objected to their mixed race marriage, to their struggle to have a family. For years, while making people laugh on screen, the couple bore the private pain of miscarriages, failed IVF treatments, sneaking in and out of clinics to avoid media interest and humiliation when they tried to adopt and were turned down because French was too fat. Eventually, after an enforced diet for French, she managed to meet the social services health requirements for adoption and in November of 1991 the couple welcomed into their home a little girl who they named Billie. The death of Henry's mother and the pressure he had been under because of how much she and the rest of his family depended on him financially, eventually took its toll on Henry. A year after Winnie died he was checked into a nursing home suffering from depression. With his wife's support and grief counseling Henry pulled through. While Henry and French's marriage may have survived the challenges it faced in the late 1990s, it eventually crumbled ten years later when the couple were forced to live apart while Henry prepared and performed the most challenging role of his career, Othello. The couple at the BAFTA awards in November 2009. The couple's 25 year-long-marriage had been held up to the world as proof that high-profile celebrities could share the limelight and still keep their relationship intact. After spending so much time apart Henry and French realized that they were more friends than a couple and that they would rather remain friends than become an unhappily married couple. It wasn't a decision they made quickly or lightly. According to Henry, they "talked and talked and talked", until eventually "we knew it was the right thing to do." The marriage was dissolved exactly a year ago, but Henry and French remain best friends. So much so that shortly after their divorce was made final they took a much needed vacation together with their daughter, Billie. Henry is now busy preparing for his debut at London's prestigious National Theatre, where next month he'll appear in Shakespeare's The Comedy of Errors, playing Antipholus of Syracuse. The comedy, which tells the story of what happens when two sets of twins separated at birth meet for the first time, opens November 22nd, and will be broadcast to cinemas worldwide on March 1, 2012. If you've got a favorite Afternoon Tea actor you'd like to see featured in Tea Time Tidbits, let us know. To contact Heather: Week of October 17, 2011: Chef's Lenny Henry As Gareth Blackstock in Chef. For many fans of British comedy programs when they hear the name Lenny Henry the image that immediately comes to mind is that of the scowling Gareth Blackstock; the character Henry plays in Chef. That's not the case for those of us living in England in the mid-1970s. To us, "Lenny Henry" conjures up Tiswas; a Saturday morning British television series which ran from 1974-1983 and had a fanatical following among school kids and parents alike. The word "tiswas" means "a state of confusion or commotion" which the young Henry presided over to perfection. Henry was just 21 when he was cast in Tiswas, having made a name for himself at the age of 18 by winning the popular on-air talent show, New Faces (similar to America's Got Talent, minus Simon Cowell). His winning act had been an impersonation of Stevie Wonder, but it was his imitating white celebrities, such as Michael Crawford's Some Mothers' Do Have 'Em character, Frank Spenser, that left the biggest impression among viewers. After leaving Tiswas in 1981 Henry honed his craft as a stand-up comedian by performing twice a night in Blackpool. He also went back to school. School days, age 12. Born on August 29, 1958, in the town of Dudley in the West Midlands, Henry had left school at the age of 16. He describes the school, now closed down, as "a conveyor belt for factory workers." According to Henry, the school never encouraged its students to do 0-levels and the word "university" was never mentioned. As Henry tells it "there were lots of people who went to my school who should have gone to university - that's what I think. A lot of people were ignored. A lot of people in my family were very smart, but didn't go to university." There was also racism. For an entire term, Henry had a fight every single day because of racist name-calling. The punishment he received was harsh as there were no laws against teachers hitting pupils with a sneaker or a stick. Henry did have some inspiring teachers though, and remembers with fondness his science teacher, Mr. Brookes. It was Brookes who first encouraged Henry in his comedy by letting him use a reel-to-reel recorder to rehearse funny voices. That influence helped Henry reach far beyond the classroom unlocking ambitions he barely knew were present. "We all bloom towards the sunlight", reflects Henry. It just took Henry a little longer than most to get the education he felt he was capable of and deserved. Impersonating newscaster Trevor McDonald in Tiswas. Henry's quest for an education began with his return to college in Preston at the age of 22, to study for his 0-levels and still continues. Today, 30 years later, he is in the midst of acquiring a PhD. "It always felt like unfinished business", says Henry. Coming straight off of Tiswas, Henry found himself performing comedy impressions for holidaymakers , while in his spare time he'd be reading Yeats, Tennyson and Shakespeare as he fast-tracked his way through English literature and language. "It was brilliant", says Henry, "I was doing this weird literature thing, feeding my brain." When it came to taking his exams, Henry says his presence baffled the other candidates who would wonder "what's the bloke from Tiswas doing sitting in the back of the exam room?" Henry plugged away and was rewarded years of studying later ï¿½ most of which was done at Open University - not just with a BA, but with a thirst for learning. He went on to take a Masters degree in screenwriting at the Royal Holloway, University of London, achieving a distinction. Henry is now in the middle of a four-year project working towards his PhD, studying the representation of black people in the media. One of the things that spurred Henry on in his academic pursuits was his feeling inferior to his peers in the comedy world. As his career developed and he moved to London permanently, he found himself surrounded by comedians who had been to university and it made him even more aware of what he'd missed. No matter that he was a rising star education was a conversation from which he continually felt excluded. "When I came to London, everyone I met had been to university, everyone had a degree, I was really jealous, I wanted to punch people out", recalls Henry. "I'm not an idiot, I never was an idiot", says Henry, but "they talked about having a Geoff Hurst [a first class degree] or a Desmond [a 2:2 degree]. I used to say 'What's that?'" In the title role of Shakespeare's Othello. Henry credits his degree course with giving him the confidence to tackle the title role in Shakespeare's Othello, which he took on in 2009 at the West Yorkshire Playhouse in Leeds. The play was hugely successful and following a regional tour transferred to the West End's Trafalgar Studios. Not counting his performances in pantomime, Othello marked Henry's theatrical debut. The casting of Henry may have come as a surprise to the British theatre going public, but not to Henry. As he told a Daily Telegraph reporter shortly before the play opened, "it was always on my radar. It's the part, isn't it, for a black actor. It's a pimp or a cop or a thief or a slave or...Othello. That's what the brothers down the gym are getting in shape for. 'What you doin', man? You playin' a pimp?' 'Nah, man, I'm playin' Offello. Gotta get in shape.'" All joking aside, Henry's journey towards one of Shakespeare's most complex characters had been a long time in the making. He'd seen his wife at the time, Dawn French, play Bottom in A Midsummer Night's Dream, and his best friend comedian Alexei Sayle play Trinculo in The Tempest, but he'd always refused to take seriously any Shakespearean roles he'd been offered. That changed after his Open University experience, where as part of the six year's he'd spent getting his BA in English Literature, he'd studied Shakespeare for 12 months. He'd listened to Shakespeare's plays in the car, watched them on TV at home and eventually felt qualified enough to participate in a documentary on BBC Radio 4 called Lenny & Will, where he'd gone "in search of the magic of Shakespeare in performance" and where he'd first met Othello director Barrie Rutter. Drawing on his memories from his schooldays in Dudley gave Henry an understanding of Othello more than most. It was a role with which he could well identify. As he told the Telegraph, "I could have a fight every day because of being called wog, nig-nog, blackie, sooty, coon. I had to learn other ways to cope, otherwise I just wouldn't have got through school. Having grown up with that I understand how Othello would feel. This stuff bounces off him. He's used to it. As we know, soldiers say, 'It's a term of endearment, me calling you a nig-nog! I luv yer!' Also having usually been the only black person, which was my life for at least 15 years of my career, I really empathise with Othello's isolation'." Mirroring the length of time it had taken him to achieve academic success, at the age of 51, after over 30 years in show business Henry's performance as Othello won him an "outstanding newcomer" award at the London Evening Standard theatre awards in November of 2009. On receiving the award, in his typical jocular fashion, Henry quipped "I must be the oldest newcomer there has ever been - which means there is hope for Bruce Forsyth [a long running BBC gameshow host]'s King Lear." Later adding that his late mother would have enjoyed the occasion. "My mum would have been there in a big church hat, sat in front of Kevin Spacey," said the star. We'll chat more about Lenny Henry and his parents next week, until then, you can let me know how you're enjoying Chef by dropping me a line. To contact Heather: Week of October 10, 2011: Open All Hours' Lynda Baron Lynda Baron at this year's BAFTA Awards. One of the things that I think makes the shows we enjoy during our Afternoon Tea so compelling to watch is the superb quality of the acting. It's almost as though we are watching real people, not actors pretending to be someone else. Lynda Baron, who plays Nurse Gladys Emmanual, the much adored fiancée of Arkwright in Open All Hours is one of those actors. It's hard to imagine she's not a real nurse. One thing Baron does have in common with Nurse Gladys though is that both hail from "up North", Baron having been born in Urmston, Manchester in Lancashire, on March 24, 1939. Before becoming an actress Baron trained as a ballet dancer at London's Royal Academy of Dance. Her first professional performance was in pantomime at the Liverpool Empire when she was just 16. It was while performing in a pantomime that Baron had her most embarrassing moment. Recalls Baron "I lost my red silk dress whilst flying and was left revolving slowly in my pants [underwear] and bra. I laughed till my ribs hurt, and so did the audience". The experience didn't put Baron off performing and she considers the best advice she ever received to be to "work as hard as you can, and stay out of mischief". Linda Baron with Ronnie Barker and David Jason in Open All Hours. One of Baron's earliest television roles was in 1964, when she had a small part in the popular long running soap opera Crossroads. Appearing in the same series at the exact same time as Baron was David Jason, who she was reunited with in 1976 in Open All Hours, where Jason plays Arkwright's hapless nephew Granville. The list of television shows that Baron has appeared in reads like a Who's Who of British TV; Up Pompeii, Z Cars, Miss Marple Investigates, EastEnders, Last of the Summer Wine, and Baron has taken part in the BBC science fiction series Doctor Who three times, in 1966, 1983 and most recently this year. Baron in her BAFTA nominated role Violet Carson who played Ena Sharples in Coronation Street. This year Baron also received one of the highest accolades a British television actor can achieve when she was nominated for a Best Supporting Actress Award by the British Academy of Film and Television. The role was for Baron's portrayal of Violet Carson the one-off television drama The Road to Coronation Street about the early days of one of England's most beloved soap operas Coronation Street. (Carson played Ena Sharples in the series.) Baron's talents aren't restricted to television roles. She has numerous stage appearances to her credit as well, including In Celebration, opposite Orlando Bloom and Tim Healy. Her other theatre credits include An Inspector Calls, Stepping Out, Entertaining Mr. Sloane and The Full Monty and this year she appeared in a West End production of When We Are Married by J. B. Priestley. Lynda Baron and husband John Lee after their wedding at a registry office in London. In 2005 Baron appeared in the film Colour Me Kubrick, which starred John Malkovich. Baron doesn't show any signs of slowing down and intends to "keep working till I can't remember the words anymore!" In what little spare time she has Barron enjoys gardening, knitting, painting and gossiping. She has been married to musician John Lee since 1966 and they have two children, Sarah and Morgan. To contact Heather: Week of October 3, 2011: Martin Clunes Clunes as Doc Martin. At the request of an Afternoon Tea viewer, this week we're going to chat about actor Martin Clunes, who plays Doctor Martin Ellingham in the popular British import Doc Martin. Clunes, was born on November 28, 1961 in Wimbledon, South West London. His father Alec was a well-known classical actor, and his mother Daphne sat for many years on the board of the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art and once worked for Orson Welles. Daphne's first cousin was actor Jeremy Brett, and it was his influence that encouraged Clunes to take up an acting career. Clunes as a child with his parents and sister, Amanda. Until the death of his father of lung cancer at the age of 58 when Clunes was eight years old, his life was pretty idyllic. The family, which included big sister Amanda, lived in a large house on Wimbledon Common, where Clunes remembers spending his days climbing trees without a care in the world. In the summer, the family would go off to their second home on the island of Majorca. It wasn't until Clunes was 18 that he discovered life hadn't been quite as ideal as he'd imagined. It turned out that his father hadn't been living at home when he died. "He had left us", confided Clunes to a reporter in 2008. "At the time I didn't know. Mum kept it from us. He was an actor, away lots, working in the evening, so there was always a degree of absenteeism there. But he had gone to Majorca. The cancer was diagnosed not long after and, not long after that, he was dead. For years, I never talked to my mother about it, but I know she was wounded massively. It could have got better, you see. They could have resolved it, maybe, but then he died so there was always that sense of unfinished business." Martin with his wife, Phillipa, and daughter, Emily. Clunes' father may have been the actor in the family, but it was Daphne who took Clunes to the theatre and would drag him backstage afterwards to meet the actors. According to Clunes, "she was so stagestruck. She was always more interested and excited than me. Even once I was in the business, if I got a new job, she would be beside herself, saying, 'Who is in this series?' I'd say, 'Well, so-and-so, and so-and-so, and yes Mother, thank you for asking, I'm fine, your granddaughter Emily is fine.' But she just loved it. She thought actors were the most marvelous people. It didn't matter who they were at heart. I'd say to her 'but Mum, he beat both his wives to a pulp!' She'd say 'marvelous Hamlet though'!" The sudden death of Clunes' mother in 2007 came when Clunes' acting career was at a peek. Doc Martin, which had been airing for three years, was a huge hit. It attracted massive audiences and was especially gratifying for Clunes as it was produced for ITV by The Buffalo Pictures Limited, a company owned by Clunes and his wife, Phillipa Braithwate. Clunes in one of his first television appearance as 'Lon' on Dr. Who in 1983. After a somewhat sporadic start to his acting career in the early 1980s, Clunes had finally become a well known face to British television viewers through his portrayal of Gary Strang in the sitcom Men Behaving Badly. He'd also appeared on the big screen in the 1998 Oscar-winning film, Shakespeare in Love, where he played the role of Richard Burbage. Following the death of his mother, Clunes put production of Doc Martin on hold, while he concentrated on a number of charitable activities including a short on-line film on HIV discrimination he made with actor Stephen Fry, a commercial for the Born Free Foundation and Comic Relief. On the set of the documentary A Man and His Dogs. In 2008 Clunes picked up where he'd left off and the fourth series of Doc Martin aired in England in 2009, with the fifth series premiering in the UK on September 12th of this year. Clunes, his wife and 12 year old daughter Emily live on a 130-acre farm in Beaminster, Dorset, along with 14 horses, numerous chickens and sheep and their three dogs Tina Audrey, a cocker spaniel, James Henry, a Jack Russell, and Arthur Colin, a Labrador. Dogs and horses are especial favorites of Clunes. In 2008, he appeared in a documentary called Martin Clunes: A Man and His Dogs. To accompany the documentary Clunes penned the book A Dog's Life, the roguish tale of a life loving dogs. Something to bear in mind the next time you see Clunes as Doc Martin trying to shake off the affections of his four legged follower. If there's an actor or show you'd like to see featured on Tea Time Tidbits, let me know. To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of September 26, 2011: David Croft, writing partner of Jeremy Lloyd. Seeing as last week's Tidbits focused on Jeremy Lloyd, it seems only fitting that this week we have a chinwag about his writing partner David Croft, or should I say Major David John Croft, OBE. Croft in 1993. Born on September 7, 1922 in Sandbanks, Dorset, Croft started life under the name of David John Sharland. His parents were variety performers Reginald Sharland and Annie Croft. Annie was infamous in her day as a stage actress and Reginald, who moved to Hollywood when the couple split up, became a successful radio actor. With performing in his blood, it was inevitable that Croft would enter the world of show business. He did so at the tender age of seven, when he appeared in a commercial that aired in the local cinema. In his teens, Croft also put his managerial skills to good use negotiating percentage deals for his mother with theatre managers. When he was 17 he got his first - and what would turn out to be his last - film role, that of Perkins in Goodbye, Mr. Chips. A few years later, in 1942, Croft enlisted in the army. After graduating from Sandhurst as Officer, Croft served for two and a half years in England and North Africa in the Royal Artillery. It was during his commission to India and Singapore that Croft rose to the rank of Major. His military career no doubt provided him with material that he'd use years later when writing comedies such as Dad's Army, It Ain't Half Hot Mum and 'Allo 'Allo. David Croft and Dad's Army co-creator Jimmy Perry on the set of another wartime sitcom they co-wrote, It 'Aint Half Hot Mum. As soon as he was demobbed in 1947 Croft returned to show business; this time as a writer. He primarily wrote scripts for pantomimes such as Aladdin, Goldilocks, Cinderella, and Babes in the Wood. That pantomime style of comedy of course is recognizable in Croft's Are You Being Served? - all the characters are there...Mrs. Slocombe, The Pantomime Dame; Miss Brahms, The Principal Boy; Mr. Lucas, The Heroine's Love Interest, Mr. Humphries, The Comic Lead, Captain Peacock, The Villain. Croft continued to make a living as a writer, until 1955, when he worked for independent television ï¿½ the newly formed commercial rival to the BBC ï¿½ as the Head of the Light Entertainment Script Department. In 1959, he moved to Newcastle to work on the 1959 launch of Tyne Tees Television, where he remained for a short period as a producer, director and writer, before eventually joining the BBC. On 4 November 2010 David was awarded an Honorary Degree of "Doctor of the University of East Anglia and Essex" at the Ipswich Town Hall. Croft's early days at the BBC found him producing, and often directing, a slew of successful comedies; The Benny Hill Show, Steptoe and Son, Up Pompeii and Beggar My Neighbour, to name just a few. David also wrote and produced many stage shows and spent some time working for Billy Butlin putting on production shows in his holiday camps around the UK. No doubt the inspiration for his 1980-88 comedy hit Hi-de-Hi! While working on Beggar My Neighbor, Croft met an impoverished actor on the show called Jimmy Perry, who showed him a script he was working on about the Home Guard during the war. Croft loved it and agreed to work with Perry on getting it to production. Dad's Army would become one of Croft's most successful, and one of England's most loved, comedy series. It became a national institution that ran for nine seasons, from 1968-1977. Over 40 years since it concluded, it is still being show on television today. Croft in 2011. One of the reasons for the show's success was its cast. Most of whom Croft had been introduced to by his wife, theatrical agent, Anne Callinder. Croft and Anne, who next year celebrate their 60th wedding anniversary, have seven children, four boys and three girls. All of whom no doubt are proud as punch of their prolific father who in 1977 was awarded an OBE. In 2003 Croft was given a Lifetime Achievement award at the British Comedy Awards and a BAFTA (British Academy of Film and Television Arts) Fellowship in 2008. Croft continues to be revered and respected around the world. TTFN! Footnote: Soon after this article was published we learned of the death of David Croft on September 27, 2011. To contact Heather: 11767 Owings Mills Blvd. Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of September 19, 2011: Jeremy Lloyd, co-creator of Are You Being Served? and 'Allo, 'Allo. Joanna Lumley & Jeremy Lloyd in 1970. Even if their names weren't included in the credits, it's easy to spot which two Afternoon Tea comedies were created by David Croft and Jeremy Lloyd. Are You Being Served? and 'Allo, 'Allo have the same zany qualities that can leave you in stitches from beginning to end. The idea for Are You Being Served? came from Lloyd's own experience working as a suit salesman at a now closed down department store in London called Simpson's of Piccadilly. Many of the characters in AYBS? are drawn from Lloyd's recollections of his time at Simpsons. It was his wife at the time, Joanna Lumley, who suggested he approach Croft with the idea and the rest, as they say, is history. Lloyd's relationship with Croft though has lasted a lot longer than his marriage to Lumley, which was dissolved after just a few months. Lloyd met Lumley - who you might recall was once also the girlfriend of Michael Kitchen - when he was in England on a break from working in America on Rowan & Martin's Laugh-in. When it came back to return to California, Lloyd chose to stay in England and marry Lumley. The way Lloyd got his job on Rowan & Martin's Laugh-in is the stuff of which sitcoms are made. He was in an agent's office when he answered the phone and on the other end was the R&M show producer George Schlatter. Assuming Lloyd was the agent, Schlatter explained that he was only in London for one more day and was desperately looking for a writer/actor . Quick as a flash, Lloyd said "The best possible person you could get is Jeremy Lloyd and we handle him". When Schlatter enquired as to Lloyd's availability Lloyd responded "let me check his book... just a second...he's got a day off from filming tomorrow and he can see you". Lloyd as the "Tall Dancer" in A Hard Day's Night. Of course there was no filming going on and Lloyd was desperate for work. The fabrication worked, however, and Schlatter asked, who he assumed was the agent, if he could have Lloyd meet with him the next morning at the Dorchester Hotel. Lloyd assured him that he'd make sure "his client" was there. When he walked into the meeting the next day, Schlatter's initial reaction on seeing the gangly Lloyd was "God you're tall". "Yes, but I can walk under your table like Toulouse Lautrec and appear on the other side", said Lloyd. "If you can do that, you've got the job" said Schlatter. Lloyd did and Toulouse Lautrec became one of the characters he played on Rowan & Martin. Lloyd was with the show from 1969-1970 and became a very popular member of the R&A troupe, receiving 5,000 letters a week, mostly from women. Life in California was a far cry from Lloyd's roots back in England, where he was born in Danbury, Essex, in the summer of 1930. His father was a petroleum engineer and his mother a Tiller girl, who danced with Fred Astaire in the films Evergreen and Blue Skies. When Lloyd was one, his parents sent him to live with his elderly grandmother in Manchester, who brought him up. Occasionally he would see his father, who would introduce him to people as the son of bandleader Joe Loss, saying "You've heard of Joe Loss? Well, this is my son - dead loss". He looked on Lloyd as a complete failure and insisted, as he wasn't learning anything at school, he'd better leave. So at the age of thirteen, Lloyd was put into a home for elderly people, which he recalls as being a "wonderful experience". It also helped him lose his Manchester accent as most of the people in the home were retired old generals and naval people. Being around them helped Lloyd to develop a "posher" way of talking. Lloyd's mother, who had two daughters long after she'd had Lloyd, always refused to allow him to call her "mother". She never even told her daughters that Lloyd was their sibling. Despite his upbringing, Lloyd managed to break into television, when he took a film script he was working on to the head of Pinewood Studios. At the time he was supporting his grandmother working as a paint salesman, a metal sorter in a foundry, a road digger and an assortment of other jobs. The studio loved Lloyd's script and it was turned into the film What a Whopper starring Adam Faith. Lloyd in the PBS special, Behind the Britcom: From Script to Screen. Lloyd then went onto not only working as a writer, but also as an actor on stage, television and film. If you've ever seen the Beatle's movie A Hard Day's Night, maybe you've spotted Lloyd. He's "the tall dancer" bopping away at the disco. He also had a very small speaking part in another Beatle's film, Help, where he played "a man in a restaurant". Both jobs he got through his friendship with the Fab Four. Nowadays Lloyd is best known for his work on AYBS? and 'Allo, 'Allo, both of which he created with David Croft. AYBS? ran for ten years and when it had finished, the pair came up with the idea for 'Allo, 'Allo. They decided to set it in a cafï¿½, where just like in AYBS? people had to come in with a problem. Only this time with it being in France, a much wider range of things could happen. The formula must have worked, because 'Allo, 'Allo ran for nine years and received numerous awards. I'd love to know which Croft/Lloyd show you enjoy the most, so drop me a line. TTFN! Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of September 12, 2011: Heather's favorite new show in the Tea lineup. So what do you think of our new Afternoon Tea programs? Do you have a favorite yet? I have to admit I'm more than a little partial to Open All Hours. It must be those north country dialects! I'm not the only one though; a few years back the series was voted eighth in Britain's Best Sitcom poll, and that was twenty years after it last aired! Nurse Gladys Emanuelle's house. The show's writer Roy Clarke is a familiar name to Afternoon Tea viewers as he also created Keeping Up Appearances and Last of the Summer Wine. Open All Hours first aired in the UK in 1976 and ran until 1985. The setting for the show is Balby, a suburb of Doncaster in South Yorkshire. All of the show's exterior shots were filmed on a street called Lister Avenue. Gladys Emmanuel's house started out being number 32, but was moved to number 34 in the second series, when the owners of number 32 decided to redecorate in between series and their new décor wasn't quite in line with what the producers wanted. 15 Lister Avenue, used as Arkwright's shop. Arkwright's shop was actually a hairdressing salon called Beautique, located at number 15 Lister Avenue. In 2008, the local council considered demolishing the shop, but after campaigners fought off the bulldozers, it instead went up for auction. The final bid of £132,000 was, however, rejected by the owners and as far as I can tell the salon is still standing. Open All Hours. Something that did sell at auction were two of the fake moustaches Ronnie Barker wore for his portrayal of Arkwright. They were donated by the BBC to the British Stammering Association for auctioning at a conference they held in September of 2005. The role of Arkwright was originally written without a stammer, but it was became part of his character at the suggestion of Barker. He also came up wiith the idea of the dangerous cash register. If you're curious about the name of the show's theme tune, it's a song called "Alice, where art thou?", composed by Joseph Ascher. You can let us know which of our new shows you're enjoying most by writing to me. I'll be back next week with more tidbits about our favorite British shows. Until then, TTFN! 11767 Owings Mills Blvd. Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of September 5, 2011: Ronnie Barker, star of Open All Hours which now appears in the Afternoon Tea lineup. Open All Hours. Our new line up of Afternoon Tea offerings gives us not just an opportunity for a couple more cuppas, it also means we'll have lots more to chinwag about the next few weeks. I thought we'd kick things off by chatting about the very funny, extremely talented and dearly missed Ronnie Barker, who stars as Arkwright in Open All Hours. Barker was born in Bedford, Bedfordshire on September 25th, 1929. His father Leonard was a clerk for Shell Oil and he moved his family - wife Edith, Ronnie and his two sisters, Vera and Eileen - to Cowley, Oxfordshire when Barker was four. It was there he developed his love of acting and theatre. Attending the theatre was a popular pastime for the Barker family, and young Ronald once skipped school so that he could see Laurence Olivier in Shakespeare's Henry V. He was also an enthusiastic collector of autographs, and would stand outside stage-doors to add to his collection. The first one he ever got was that of actress Celia Johnson. Barker's high school years were spent at the City of Oxford High School for Boys, where he became the proud owner of a chemistry textbook previously owned by T. E. Lawrence, aka Lawrence of Arabia. His musical talents were developed not in school, but through his participation in the choir at his local church, St James. After quitting school the minute he was able, Barker trained as an architect, but left after six months, to take over his sister Vera's job as a bank clerk at the Westminster. The Two Ronnies. While at the bank, Barker became involved in amateur dramatics, both as an actor and a stage manager and after about eighteen months, much to his father's disapproval, he gave up his job at the bank to become a professional actor. Starting out at the Manchester Repertory Company as the assistant to the assistant stage manager, Barker earned the princely sum of two pounds and ten shillings a week (about $3.50). He was also given the opportunity to perform and his debut as a professional actor was on November 15, 1948, as Lieutenant Spicer in J.M. Barrie's Quality Street. By the time he'd been in his third play, Barker realized that he wanted to be a comic actor and he got to test out his comedic skills when he worked as a porter at Wingfield Hospital in Gloucester following the Manchester Rep's closure. It was there that 20 year old Barker and one of the male nurses would frequently entertain the patients with their comedy routines. His versatility as a performer was later honed when he performed mimed folk music and dance at the Mime Theatre Company in Penzance. After the company closed, Barker went back to Oxford where he found success at the Oxford Playhouse, before heading for London's West End in 1955. By that time he had appeared in over 350 plays. The Frost Report. It was while he was working in London that Barker became a cast member on various BBC radio and television comedy programs, including the popular radio sitcom, The Navy Lark, where he starred as the lookout Able Seaman 'Fatso' Johnson and Lieutenant-Commander Stanton. The program ran from 1959 to 1977 and Barker featured in 300 episodes. Barker's big television break came in 1966, when he appeared in the satirical sketch series, The Frost Report, which along with David Frost also starred John Cleese, Josephine Tewson (Keeping up Appearances) and Barker's future comedy partner Ronnie Corbett. The pair had met a few years earlier, when Corbett was a barman at a club in London. Working on The Frost Report cemented their friendship, primarily according to Corbett because they were the only ones in involved in the show that hadn't attended university! The Two Ronnies. Their show, The Two Ronnies ran from 1971 to 1986, and provided British television viewers with the memorable end of show catchphrase "It's good night from me - and it's good night from him". The phrase, delivered by Corbett, came about because according to Corbett, Barker "was a very private man, a quiet man...he found it almost impossible to talk directly, as himself, to an audience". Barker was also a perfectionist and as well as starring in the show, helped edit the footage and also wrote most of the material. This he submitted under the name Gerald Wiley because he wanted the material to be considered on merit not because he was one of the stars of the show. His true identity was only revealed when Wiley was invited to a team meeting. Both Ronnies always got along, with Barker once saying "People refuse to believe that we don't have rows, tensions, private wars. It's a strange thing after so many years but we never have. Actually, it's even more amicable than a marriage - wedlock without the bad patches. Our sense of humour and perception of what's good and what's rubbish are uncommonly in tune." Despite his comments, Barker was, according to Corbett "first and foremost a family man". He met his wife Joy in Cambridge in 1955, while she was a stage manager for two plays he was in and they married nine months later. Along with their two sons and daughter, they lived for many years in the town of Pinner, before moving to a converted mill in Dean, Oxfordshire. Following the success of The Two Ronnies, which fast became a national institution, the BBC gave Barker free range as to what else he might want to do. He opted to produce some sitcom pilots, one of which was Open All Hours. In 1987 at the age of 58, Barker retired from show business. When asked to explain why he had retired at the height of his fame, Barker said he had "completely run out of ideas and it scared and panicked me. I was always able to write scripts but, you know, I couldn't think of a single thing to write about. It was a very weird sensation. I had seen friends of mine start burning out. No one wants to see a 70-year-old on television who can't remember his lines. And also I had lost interest". The Barker family. On retirement, Barker opened and ran an antiques shop called The Emporium in Chipping Norton in Oxfordshire Collecting antiques, books, posters and postcards had always been a favorite pastime of Barker's. His postcard collection amounted to 53,000. The shop didn't do very well though financially. In fact, Barker once joked, "I lose money every week, but it's a hobby. It's cheaper than skiing and safer at my age." Still Barker's 'hobby' lasted ten years, before the shop was sold and Barker, resisting all requests to come out of retirement, could concentrate on writing his autobiography, Dancing in the Moonlight: My Early Years on Stage, which was released in 1993 and All I Ever Wrote, his complete scripts, in 1999. He also wrote the play Mum for his daughter Charlotte Barker in 1998, which was performed at The King's Head Theatre, but garnered a negative response, with Barker stating that it got "the worst notices of any play in the history of the theatre." The Gathering Storm. Barker was finally persuaded to come out of retirement in 1997, when he appeared with Corbett at the Royal Command Performance, and in 1999 for Two Ronnies Night on BBC One, and the following year for A Tribute to the Two Ronnies. In 2002, Barker appeared as Winston Churchill's butler David Inches in the BBC-HBO drama The Gathering Storm and as the General in the TV film My House in Umbria in 2003, alongside Maggie Smith (whom he had, early in their careers, advised to give up acting as he felt she would not be a success). Barker's final appearance on TV was a BBC special presentation of The Two Ronnies Christmas Sketchbook. It was recorded in July 2005, by which time Barker was already in declining health, having opted not to have heart valve replacement surgery. He had already undergone a heart bypass in 1996 and the following year had survived a pulmonary embolism. Ronnie and wife, Joy. Barker died of heart failure at the Katherine House hospice in Adderbury, Oxfordshire on October 3rd, 2005, aged 76, with his wife Joy by his side. The Christmas special aired posthumously in December. A public memorial service attended by 2,000 people was held at Westminster Abbey on March 3rd, 2006. Barker was only the third comedy professional to be given a memorial at Westminster Abbey, after Joyce Grenfell and Les Dawson. A fitting tribute to the master of television sitcoms who made the most difficult of theatre skills, being funny, seem effortless. To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of August 29, 2011: Expanded Afternoon Tea lineup! Great news for Tea-goers! Beginning September 5th, Afternoon Tea is expanding! It'll now run from 1pm instead of 1:30pm and you can partake of a spot of tea right up until dinner time. Here's what you can look forward to... Chef!, The Old Guys, Open All Hours, May to December and 'Allo, 'Allo will all air in the 1pm time slot Monday through Friday. They'll be followed daily by Last of the Summer Wine (1:30pm); Keeping up Appearances (2pm); As Time Goes By (2:30pm); Are you Being Served? (3:00pm), Lark Rise to Candleford (3:30pm) and Antiques Roadshow UK will be at 4:30pm with the BBC World News following at 5:30pm. If the 1pm shows don't seem familiar that's because, although not new to MPT, they are new to Afternoon Tea. Chef! Stars the very funny Lenny Henry in the role of Gareth Blackstock, a reknowed Chef whose patience level and snide remarks are on par with that of Basil Fawlty. The Old Guys Stars Clive Swift (Richard in Keeping Up Appearances) and Roger Lloyd-Pack as two ageing housemates who compete for the affections of their neighbor, played by Jane Asher. Open All Hours Stars the brilliantly talented Ronnie Barker as tight fisted corner shop owner Albert Arkwright, who'll stop at nothing to keep his overheads low and his profits high. The program also stars David Jason as his much put upon assistant Granville. May to December A poignant comedy about a bored to tears middle-aged solicitor, who embarks on a spring and autumn romance with a twenty six year old PE teacher. The show stars Anton Rodgers and Zoe Matheson (season one)/Lesley Dunlop (pictured). 'Allo, 'Allo Created by Are You Being Served's David Croft and every bit as funny. The setting is a German occupied village in World War II France, where Rene Artois, the owner of a cafï¿½ finds himself dealing with an assortment of zany characters and situations. This is just a little about our new Afternoon Tea shows, which again begin Monday September 5th. I'm looking forward to chatting about the shows and the actors who star in them in the weeks to come. Don't forget if there's someone your particularly interested in finding out more about just drop me a line. TTFN! Week of August 22, 2011: Judi Dench on the musical stage Dame Judi Dench. If you regularly access the Afternoon Tea website, you probably saw the video clip of Judi Dench performing "Send in the Clowns" from Stephen Sondheim's A Little Night Music. Is there nothing this Dame can't do!? The performance on the video clip was Dench's tribute to the composer at a BBC Proms concert in July of last year. The entire concert was devoted to Sondheim in celebration of his 80th birthday. It was Dench's first time performing at a Proms Concert, but not her first performing the much loved song. Her role as Desiree in Stephen Sondheim's 1996 revival of the show at London's National Theatre won her an Olivier award for Best Actress in a Musical. (That's the equivalent of a Tony Award). Dame Judi as Desiree in A Little Night Music. Dench loved performing in the show so much that she stayed in the production for a year. When she returned to the role for a limited eight week engagement, it sold out the minute the tickets went on sale. This must have been a great boost to the actress's confidence especially given her initial frustrations during the rehearsals. Sondheim though worked closely with Dench, although when it came to "Send in the Clowns" he didn't give her one single note on how it should be sung. In fact after opening night Sondheim is said to have told Dench, "it's yours now". A great honor, especially considering it had originally been written for the husky voiced, Welsh actress; Glynis Johns, who herself won a Tony Award for her performance of Desiree in 1971. Desiree wasn't the first time Dench had taken over a role originally intended for someone else. The character of Jean Pargetter in As Time Goes By was written with British actress Jean Simmons in mind. It would have meant though that Simmons give up her life in sunny California and move back to England to film the series. A move she was reluctant to make. After Simmons declined the role, Dench auditioned and the rest as they say is history. As Time Goes By was, by the way, originally titled Winter with Flowers but the name of our Afternoon Tea favorite was changed on its first day of filming at the request of the cast. Dench's versatility as a performer knows no bounds. As well as bringing tears to the eyes of the audience with her rendition of "Send in the Clowns," in May of 2002, she had them in stitches at the Theatre Royal Drury Lane when she gave a one of performance of "Sixteen, Going on Seventeen" from The Sound of Music. It was all in aide of a gala charity concert to celebrate the centenary of composer Richard Rodgers in aid of mental health charity, the Neurofibromatosis Association. Wearing a blonde wig, knee-high white socks, and a frilly white frock, Dench bought the house down. Later Dench admitted she was nervous about the performance, saying "There was nothing 'Sixteen' about it. If anything it was like taking off on an aircraft with no runway to take off from." Dench's partner in the performance was actor Brendan O'Hea, who had performed previously with Dench in the 1997 film, Her Majesty, Mrs. Brown. It's easy to see why Dench's late husband actor Michael Williams, once said "With Judi it's bloody Christmas morning every day!" To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of August 15, 2011: Michael Kitchen Michael Kitchen is one of those actors whose face seems to crop up on our screens over and over again, which after a career of over 40 years is hardly surprising. As DSC Christopher Foyle in Foyle's War. The son of a butcher, Kitchen was born in Leicester on October 31st, 1948. The former Church of the Martyrs Cub Scout performed in his first play at the City of Leicester Boys Grammar School, having joined the school's Dramatic Society not because he loved acting, but simply because "everyone was joining school societies". After appearing in school productions of Shakespeare and Shaw, to the envy of his schoolmates, Kitchen got accepted into the National Youth Theatre at the age of 15 and spent a summer in London. He was one of just 80 youngsters accepted out of 1300 who auditioned that year. "I didn't think much of acting", said Kitchen, "just having a good time. And the Youth Theatre certainly gave me that". Kitchen also didn't think much of school and was known as 'difficult'. He wasn't interested in exams and was something of a rebel, so much so that his parents, Arthur and Betty, were worried when he announced that he wanted to leave school to become an actor. His teachers were also not very encouraging. It was everyone wanting him not to go into acting though that made Kitchen all the more determined. So he left and went to work at a repertory theatre in Coventry, where he cleaned the stage, made tea and emptied dustbins for a few pounds a week. Then came Kitchen's big break. He auditioned and got accepted at London's Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. If they hadn't taken them, he said, he would have given up. Armed with a grant from the Leicester City Council, Kitchen headed for London, where the thought of spending two years in the city of bright lights, was as much of an attraction to Kitchen as the school he would be attending. In the BBC's Play For Today; Brimstone & Treacle, made in 1976, but not aired until 1987. By the time he left RADA, in 1969, Kitchen had lost his Midlands accent and won a major prize ï¿½ the "Emilie Littler Award for outstanding talent and aptitude for the professional theatre". The ever modest Kitchen still wonders though if the prize, which came with a monetary amount of fifty pounds, was given to him so that he could pay off the forty pounds he owed the school bursary. While at RADA Kitchen was also discovered by one of England's top talent agents and since 1970 he's been a fixture on British television screens. American audiences ï¿½ at least those not familiar with Kitchen's starring role in Foyle's War ï¿½ probably know him best as Chief of Staff Bill Tanner in the Pierce Brosnan James Bond films. He was also in Out of Africa and Mrs. Dalloway. It was his role as the enigmatic DSC Christopher Foyle though that made Kitchen a household name in England. It's a character that Foyle's War creator Anthony Horowitz created with Kitchen in mind and which according to Horowitz would not have existed without Kitchen's input and suggestions. One of the characteristics Kitchen has in common with Foyle is his ability to play golf...badly. Although he loves the game, because of time constraints Kitchen now only gets to play with his eldest son about once a year and invariably according to Kitchen they 'never have enough golf balls to get around the course'. Kitchen and Foyle also share a love of Hastings ï¿½ where the series takes place. Kitchen having fond memories of spending time there with his family as a boy in the 1950s. Family life is very important to Kitchen and although he's known in England as 'the thinking woman's crumpet', he has been happily married to his wife Rowena Miller for 20 odd years. They met in the late 1980s at the Royal Shakespeare Company, where Kitchen was performing and Miller was his dresser. As Judge Jeffreys in the BBC 2000 production of Lorna Doone. Prior to meeting Miller, Kitchen was romantically involved with actress Joanna Lumley who played Patsy in Absolutely Fabulous. At one point it was even rumored that the couple were considering marriage, but Kitchen wasn't ready to settle down. "I would have made a hopeless father in those days", says Kitchen, "but fortunately I was wise enough to know it". Instead Kitchen delayed fatherhood until two weeks before he turned 40, then he embraced it with a passion. As well as achieving considerable success in the acting world, as a young man Kitchen also received a license to fly single engine planes. After the birth of his children (two boys), it became an expense he could no longer justify and then when he could afford it he simply didn't have the time. Kitchen's favorite pastimes nowadays are tennis, sailing and he's also a DYI enthusiast. Kitchen also enjoys playing the guitar, but confesses that "the better my son [Jack] gets at playing, the less I seem to pick up a guitar". One thing Kitchen did pick up in recent years was the art of rock climbing. He climbed Kilimanjaro to raise money for a project in Tanzania called the Village Education Project. Kitchen currently lives in Dorset, where his wife Rowena continues to work part-time as Wardrobe Mistress of a private boarding school. If there's a British actor you'd like to find out more about, let me know. TTFN! Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of August 8, 2011: Shirley Stelfox, another "Rose" from Keeping Up Appearances Last week's tid-bits focused on Mary Millar who took over the role of Rose ("our Rose") in Keeping Up Appearances from Shirley Stelfox. Shirley Stelfox as "Rose" in Keeping Up Appearances. Stelfox, who was born Born on April 11, 1941 in the small town of Dukinfield near Manchester in the north of England, knew from a young age that she was destined for a theatrical career. She attended Lakes Road Secondary School for Girls where she was cast in most of the main characters in the school's plays. On leaving school Stelfox travelled to London where she trained at the prestigious Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts. In the almost fifty years since she left RADA, Stelfox seems to have barely been out of work, with roles in film, television and on stage. From the 1971 comedy film Carry On At Your Convenience, to a role in the Inspector Morse series (Last Bus to Woodstock) in 1991 to playing Mrs Arbuthnot in A Woman of No Importance at Leicester Haymarket Theatre in 1997, Stelfox seems to have achieved her personal ambition of 'wanting to do everything'. As Edna Birch in Emmerdale Farm. Stelfox is the only actress I know of to have appeared in all of the U.K.'s most popular soap operas, beginning in 1964 when she was cast in both Crossroads and Coronation Street. Both were one-off roles until 1993 when Stelfox was given a recurring role in Coronation Street that she kept for a year. Stelfox also appeared in Brookside and EastEnders. For the last decade though she has been a regular on Emmerdale Farm, where she plays paragon of virtue, Edna Birch. It was the opportunity to work on Emmerdale, which is set in the Yorkshire Dales, that drew Stelfox away from Keeping Up Appearances after just one series. Stelfox loves playing Edna, who is a character that couldn't be more different to Rose. The only thing they seem to have in common is that neither are married. Rose being constantly on the look out for a husband and Edna being widowed. Widowhood is something to which Stelfox can easily relate having herself being made a widow after 18 years of marriage to actor Don Henderson, who died in 1997. Shirley's husband, Don Henderson. Henderson who was frequently seen on television as the eccentric detective George Bulman, married Stelfox in 1979 and the couple enjoyed working together whenever the opportunity arose. Despite their celebrity status, the couple were very down to earth. In fact, Don apparently owned just one suit and even wore jeans to their wedding. After his death, Henderson's ashes were put into a river in Stratford-upon-Avon and every year either Stelfox or her step-daughter visit the river to put in a blue flower in remembrance. A touching tribute to her husband's love of the simple rural life. To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of August 1, 2011: Mary Millar, "Rose" from Keeping Up Appearances This week I thought we'd have a chat about a favorite Afternoon Tea actress who had she lived would last week have turned 75. Mary Millar as "Rose" in Keeping Up Appearances. Mary Millar, who played the man mad "Rose" in Keeping Up Appearances was born in Doncaster on July 26, 1936 and went to school in my home town, Sheffield. Although her parents were both singers, Millar's love of animals lead to her originally wanting to become a stable hand. Those thoughts though went out of the stable door, when at the age of 16 she was cast as principal girl (the boy part) in the pantomime Babes in the Wood at the Empire Theatre in Sheffield. From then on Millar embarked on a theatrical career, which in the early days mainly focused on variety shows and operatic works. Her singing voice was so outstanding she was chosen in 1960 to understudy non other than Julie Andrews when she appeared in Camelot on Broadway, which also starred Richard Burton, who she got to appear opposite when she took over the role of "Guinevere". Millar also appeared in a string of West End musicals, the most notable by far being Andrew Lloyd Webber's The Phantom of the Opera where she originated the role of "Madame Giry," appearing alongside Michael Crawford and Sarah Brightman. It was a part she'd play for over four years. As well as enjoying success in musical theatre, Millar was also an accomplished dramatic actress. In 1984 she took over the role of "Barbara Jackson" from Judi Dench in the play Pack of Lies. It was television though that made Millar a familiar face to not only the British viewing public but throughout the world with her hilarious portrayal of "Rose" in Keeping Up Appearances. Millar was 55 when she auditioned for the part which up until then had been played by Shirley Stelfox. Knowing exactly the kind of character she was auditioning for, Millar bought a brand new mini-skirt and travelled to the audition on the Tube. Millar with Geoffrey Hughes as "Onslow." That mini-skirt was probably the only thing Millar had in common with Rose. In real life, Millar was an active Christian who performed on several National Gospel tours and appeared on two of England's most popular Sunday evening programs; Songs of Praise and Secombe on Sunday. Millar also travelled to Malawi to make a documentary about the work of the charity World Vision. Closer to home, Millar spent three years touring the British Isles in a one-woman show where she talked about her life, her work and her Christianity. Millar's faith was well known among her fellow actors and when she was appearing in Phantom she would lead a Bible study between shows in her dressing room each week. Apparantly the Phantom Bible Study became a regular meeting place for many performers across the West-End. Millar stayed with Keeping Up Appearances until it ended in 1995, but her acting career continued. In 1998 she returned to musical theatre in Disney's Beauty & The Beast. She played "Mrs. Potts" the teapot, the role played in the film version by Angela Lansbury. Sadly Millar had to leave the show when she became ill with ovarian cancer. Millar was married to photographer "Prince" Raphael with whom she had a daughter, Lucy. Three weeks before her death Millar was asked by her pastor and friend what she would like to do when she arrived at heavens door. Her answer "rehearse for a part in the Angelic choir, darling" was typical of the actress whose career began and ended in the musical theatre. Millar died on November 10, 1998. To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of July 25, 2011: Anna Massie Earlier this month, England lost one of its best loved and most familiar faces on television ï¿½ actress Anna Massey, who died from cancer on July 3rd at the age of 73. Anna Massie. I first became a fan of Ms. Massey when she appeared in the 1979 BBC television series Rebecca, playing Maxim de Winter's housekeeper, Mrs. Danvers. That series also starred Massey's first husband, Jeremy Brett, as Maxim, and their 19 year old son, David, in a small role. Massey and Brett had married when Massey was just 22, but it didn't last and after several separations and reconciliations, the couple finally divorced in 1962. Massey was born in Sussex on August 11, 1937. Her father was the Canadian actor Raymond Massey and her mother was the British actress Adrianne Allen. When she was two years old, Massey's father left the family and moved to America to live with a lawyer whose first husband, Bill Whitney, would eventually marry Massey's mother. It was Whitney who Massey chose to walk her up the aisle on her wedding day; a choice that infuriated her father who left the wedding in a rage. As Mrs Danvers in Rebecca. After being evacuated to Wales early in the war, Massey attended private schools in London and Surrey. She was also sent away to school in Switzerland, but her homesickness was so intense that the school persuaded her mother to bring her home. Later she would go to finishing schools in Paris and Rome. With an absent father and socialite mother, Massey's upbringing was largely left to her nanny, Gertrude Burbridge. Their attachment was so strong, that after she died in 1968, Massey fell into a dark depression and became anorexic. She also suffered severe stage fright, which affected not just her work on stage, but also television roles. She would be terrified of forgetting her lines and sometimes she was so scared the skin would peel off the back of her hands. Acting had been Massey's profession since as a 17 year old she had made her stage debut in The Reluctant Debutante ï¿½ a role for which she received a Tony nomination. Her screen debut had been in the 1958 film Gideon's Day, directed by her godfather John Ford, and she co-starred with Laurence Olivier in the 1960's thriller, Bunny Lake is Missing. It took a grueling 12 years of psychoanalysis before Massey could conquer her demons. All the while she continued to sum up the courage to work. As well as Rebecca, Massey was also in the BBC costume drama, The Pallisers, where she played Lady Laura Standish, and in 1972 she appeared in the Hitchcock thriller, Frenzy. All filmed while Massey would get up at 5:30am three times a week to keep her therapist appointment. Although therapy helped Massey, she remained a chronic insomniac for most of her life. Massey and Brett cut the cake on their wedding day. Massey's most recent television costume series was Tess Of The D'Urbervilles in 2008, and you might also have seen her fairly recently in episodes of Poirot and Midsomer Murders. Massey's final television appearance was just last year, in the series Moving On. In 1988 at the age of 53, Massey married Uri Andres, a Russian metallurgist working in London. They had known each other just three months. Andres and Massey's son David were both with her when she passed away. To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of July 18, 2011: Antiques Roadshow The last couple of weeks we've been chatting about two of Antiques Roadshow's most loved experts; Arthur Negus and Henry Sandon. This week I thought we'd talk about the show itself. Appraiser Leigh Keno valued this Kentucky corner cupboard at $8500. Surprising the owner who was about to throw it away! Watching Antiques Roadshow is like snuggling up in a comfy blanket, or soaking in a warm bath. When I watch it I'm as interested in the characters bringing in their 'treasures' to be valued as I am about the treasures themselves. They always seem to have a story and their reactions are often priceless. The way the experts seem to prattle off information about a particular item is so impressive. They rarely seem at a loss for words. Sometimes though that's all owing to the magic of television. When taping the show, the camera films the experts talking spontaneously. The more important pieces are filmed later in the day with special cameras to get finer results. So the experts have had a bit more time to think through what they're going to say before the cameras start rolling. The owners of the items though never have any idea of what the experts going to tell them, so their reactions are completely authentic. A peek behind the scenes at a taping of the Antiques Roadshow USA. William "Richard" Wright Jr. appeared on the show for 11 years before his death at the age of 62 in 2009. If you've ever wondered how the great big items ï¿½ especially those huge pieces of furniture, owned by a diminutive old age pensioner ï¿½ get to the location where the show's being held, they're actually collected from the owners in a van ahead of time and returned afterwards. Once the show's location schedule has been promoted, owners are encouraged to write in, giving photographs and information about things that are too large or heavy to bring in. If there's an interest in having the item on the show, someone comes round and looks at the item a few days before the show is filmed. Sometimes, especially when there's a particularly rare find, you can almost see the expert salivating at the thought of owning such a piece. The experts though are strictly forbidden to try and buy, or even offer to buy, any of the items being brought into an Antiques Roadshow taping. If you're planning on visiting the UK by the way and fancy visiting an Antiques Roadshow taping, the BBC would love to hear from you. Just send an email to [email protected] . If you get to go be sure to let us know. Drop me a line. To contact Heather: Week of July 11, 2011: Henry Sandon, Antiques Roadshow UK Henry holding up his MBE which he received from Queen Elizabeth II in 2008. Self-confessed 'potoholic', Henry Sandon, was originally set on a career in the music field. Fortunately for fans of Antiques Roadshow UK his discovery of Medieval and Roman pottery in his garden steered him in a different direction. Born in the east end of London in 1928 Sandon was evacuated during World War II to High Wycombe and after his National Service in the Army he went onto study at the Guildhall School of Music. In 1953 Sandon moved to Worcester, where he taught music at the Royal Grammar School and sang in the Cathedral choir. It was while living in Worcester that Sandon met his wife Barbara, who worked at the Worcester Porcelain Museum. One of the couple's hobbies was to conduct mini-excavation in their garden. Sandon's discovery of fragments of Roman pots set him off on a whole new career path and he learned everything he could about ceramics. "I learnt it all myself", said Sandon in an interview he did for Worcestershire Life magazine in 2009. "I just dug in the ground and got my fingers dirty". Henry being presented with a custom-made Ozzy Owl cake on his 80th birthday. Sandon must have done a bit more than that because he was eventually appointed Curator of the Worcester Porcelain Company and the Dyson Perrins Museum, a job he held for 17 years before his friendship with Arthur Negus lured him into the world of television. After guest appearances on Negus's programs Going for a Song, Collectors World and Arthur Negus Enjoys, Sandon became a regular on The Antiques Roadshow, joining the show in its second series as resident porcelain expert. Sandon's greatest discovery on the show was in 1990 in Northampton, when Ozzy the "Owl" was brought in by a family who were using him as a flower vase. Rarely at a loss for words, Sandon found himself speechless, recognizing Ozzy as a rare Spilware pottery drinking vessel dating back to 1680! Ozzy went to auction and was purchased by Stoke-on-Trent's Museum and Art Gallery for ï¿½20,900. (approx $35,000). A Henry Sandon Toby Jug. Joining his elder statesman father on Antiques Roadshow is Henry and Barbara's son, John Sandon, who is also a porcelain expert. It's Henry's face though that people recognize the world over ï¿½ and love. So much so in fact that during a show he did in Toronto once there was a separate queue for people lining up to kiss him! Sandon's face and voice are so well known that people have been known to go on the show just to meet him - something Sandon tends to find "rather wonderful", but "a bit embarrassing". Something Sangdon didn't find embarrassing, but felt flattered by, was when a Staffordshire pottery firm, deciding that his face resembled a Toby Jug, made a jug depicting him. His image has also been made into a porcelain candle extinguisher, something not to be sniffed at! As for what Sangdon himself likes to collect ï¿½ it's teapots. He has so many he can't count them all. If stuck on a desert island, Sangdon's choice of luxury item would be a huge supply of tea and a teapot. Sangdon collects other kinds of pots as well. Not all of which are antiques. He keeps them on glass shelves, or under the bed. In fact Sangdon once confessed to an interviewer that he takes a pot with him to bed each night as he has to hold one to get to sleep! Thereby adding to his reputation of being just a little bit potty! I'll be back next week with more about Antiques Roadshow, till then... TTFN! Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of July 4, 2011: Arthur Negus, Antiques Roadshow UK One of the longest running programs on PBS is Antiques Roadshow. The original version of the show, imported from the BBC, proved so popular with viewers that an American edition was created, so now we have Antiques Roadshow UK and Antiques Roadshow USA. Arthur Negus (right) in a 1979 episode of Antiques Roadshow UK. The UK version of the show first aired in England 1979, but it actually started out a couple of years earlier as a BBC documentary about a London auction house doing a tour of the West Country in England. The documentary featured Arthur Negus, who after the show became a staple on Antiques Roadshow. Negus remained with the show until 1983. Born in Reading, Berkshire, in 1903, Negus began running his family's antiques business when he was just 17 after the death of his father in 1920. During World War II, being too old to enlist Negus served his country as an air-raid warden. After the war in 1946 Negus joined Bruton, Knowles & Co., auctioneers of fine antiques based in Gloucester. Behind the scene shot of Antiques Roadshow UK. In 1966, when Negus was 62 instead of contemplating retirement he took up another job, that of television broadcaster on the series Going for a Song, which ran for ten years. That series, in which Negus as a panelist gave his opinion on the value of antiques, made him a household name and his West Country accent made him a memorable and favorite television personality. It also endeared him to the BBC, who not only used him in Antiques Roadshow, but also in 1982 gave him his own program, Arthur Negus Enjoys. That was also the year Negus was awarded the OBE (Order of the British Empire) and the year his last book A Life Among Antiques was published. In the book Negus reminisces about his life as an Antique Dealer. Negus died at his home in Cheltenham in 1985, leaving his wife Irene whom he had been married to since 1926 and with whom he had two children. Antiques Roadshow UK can be seen weeknights at 7:30pm on MPT2. I'll be back next week with a look at another Antiques Roadshow UK favorite, Henry Sandon. TTFN! Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of June 27, 2011: By viewer request: Stephanie Cole At the request of Afternoon Tea viewer Heidi Napper this week we're going to be chatting about Stephanie Cole. Stephanie and Graham Crowden in Waiting for God. While most actresses go to great lengths to disguise their age, Stephanie is known for doing the exact opposite. Her portrayal of Diana Trent in Waiting for God is a perfect example. Although only 48 years old at the time the show first aired in 1990 and two decades younger than her leading man, Graham Crowden, Stephanie's rendering of the cantankerous old aged pensioner was so authentic that in 1992 she received a Best TV Comedy Actress award. Since 2004 Stephanie has been starring in Doc Martin, playing Joan Norton, the aunt of Martin Clunes' character, Dr. Martin Ellingham. The veteran actresses' affinity for the elderly doesn't end when the cameras stop rolling. Her involvement with the Age Concern organization and her work as patron of the Bristol Research into the Care of the Elderly organization (BRACE), lead to Stephanie receiving the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 2005 for her services to drama and charity. She is also patron of the mental health charity Rethink, an organization Stephanie supports owing to the fact that one of her brothers has had schizophrenia for over thirty years. Stephanie Cole on Ravenshaw Bridge, Solihull. Born on October 5, 1941 in Solihull in Warwickshire, three years ago Stephanie was voted the most popular Silhillian, garnering more than 21,000 votes. The competition, run by the Solihull Council and known as the S Factor, provided her with an opportunity to meet up with a childhood friend she had not seen for more than 60 years. He was a young 12 or 13 year old delivery boy who worked at her aunt's grocery store where Stephanie lived before being bombed out in World War II. She had mentioned him in her autobiography, A Passionate Life, recalling how he'd ride her around in the basket of his bike when she was just a toddler and how he helped clean up the rubble after a bomb landed in the back garden. Stephanie never knew the boy's surname though, only his first; Ron. The council set out to trace Ron and made mention of their search in a newspaper article about the winner of their competition. The article was read by a relative of Ron Perkins, who contacted the paper explaining how Ron had known Stephanie's aunts well, having worked for them at their grocery store as a boy. After receiving the details from the paper, staff at the Solihull council arranged a meeting between Stephanie and Ron which took place at her aunt's grocery shop. For Stephanie it was a trip down memory lane. Stephanie Cole. The actress, who hadn't been to Solihull in sixty years, lives with her husband actor and writer Peter Birrel in Somerset. They met at a party to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Old Vic school in Bristol. Stephanie had attended the school after auditioning for them at the age of 15. So too had Peter. The couple hit it off immediately, but Stephanie was reluctant to fall in love again after the end of her first marriage had left her suffering from bouts of depression. Soon after the reunion though Stephanie and Peter met up again and within months were living together. They married at Bath Register Office in 1995. At the age of 63 Stephanie appeared as the 90 year old Madame Arcati in Noel Coward's Blithe Spirit in a revival of the play in London's West End. It was a role in which she'd made her stage debut at the age of just seventeen, thereby launching the actress into a career where refusing to 'act' her age has provided us Afternoon Tea viewers with countless hours of pleasure. If there's an Afternoon Tea favorite actor or actress you'd like to find out more about let me know. To contact Heather: Week of June 20, 2011: Fawlty Towers' Connie Booth Connie Booth on her wedding day. Following up on last week's chat about Fawlty Towers, I thought you might like to know something about the show's co-creator, Connie Booth. Not only did Booth co-write the series with John Cleese and appear with him in the show as waitress Polly Sherman, she was also his wife. The couple met in the late 1960s while Cleese, a graduate of England's prestigious Cambridge University, was performing in comedy clubs in New York. Booth was working as a waitress in Manhattan, a job she'd taken to support her acting career as an understudy in a Broadway show. According to Cleese it was 'instant attraction" when he walked into a restaurant and among all the "great-looking out of work actresses" there was Connie! The cast of Fawlty Towers. Connie, whose father was a Wall Street stock broker and whose mother was a housewife was born in Indiana. She had moved with her family to New Rochelle, New York as a child, where she performed in high school productions and with her mother's encouragement had gone onto study drama in New York City. Connie's ability to express herself in ways that Cleese never could was a big part of the initial attraction. The pair married on February 20, 1968 and worked together in Monty Python's Flying Circus and in several Python films before co-creating what is probably Britain's best loved comedy series. It was while working on the second series of Fawlty Towers that the couple's marriage began to unravel. Cleese contributes the break up to his perfectionist streak when his having to make sure the timing and the words were as good as possible would cause him to "get terribly wound up over things". Despite counseling, the couple divorced in the autumn of 1978. Connie Booth with John Cleese, Prunella Scales and Andrew Sachs in 2009 at a reunion celebrating the 30th anniversary of Faulty Towers. Following their divorce, Booth appeared in several British television shows, including Dickens of London, Little Lord Fauntleroy and The Buccaneers. In 1992 she worked as a volunteer at a specialist mental health unit in south-west London and in 1994 began her professional training as a psychotherapist. Booth gave up acting completely in 1995 and qualified as a psychotherapist in 2000. The same year she married John Lahr, author and senior drama critic for The New Yorker magazine and son of Bert Lahr who played the cowardly lion in the film The Wizard of Oz. The sixty-seven year old Booth and seventy-one year old Cleese have remained good friends, and both attended the 1995 marriage of their daughter Cynthia, who appeared with Cleese in A Fish Called Wanda as his daughter Portia Leach. Booth continues to work as a psychotherpist in North London. If there's a past or current Afternoon Tea personality you'd like to see featured in one of our weekly Tidbits, let me know. To contact Heather: Week of June 13, 2011: A Brief History of Fawlty Towers Geoffrey Palmer in "The Kipper & The Corpse," Fawlty Towers. Last week we were chatting about Geoffrey Palmer who is most commonly known to Afternoon Tea viewers as Lionel Hardcastle in As Time Goes By. One of the first times I saw Geoffrey on television was in Fawlty Towers, where he played Dr. Price in "The Kipper & The Corpse" episode. Maybe you saw it, too. He was later reunited with John Cleese in the film A Fish Called Wanda. Fawlty Towers is probably one of the most loved British comedic television series. Only 12 episodes were made of the show, and each script took six weeks to write and a week to film. The production team would spend nearly an hour editing each minute of every program, spending up to 25 hours on each show. The cast of Fawlty Towers. Cleese got his inspiration for the show after staying at a hotel called The Gleneagles in Torquay while filming Monty Python's Flying Circus in 1971. He became fascinated by the hotel's then owner, Donald Sinclaire, who Cleese later described as being "the most wonderfully rude man I have ever met." Allegedly Mr. Sinclair threw Eric Idle's briefcase out of the window thinking it was a bomb, criticized Terry Gilliam for leaving his knife and form on his plate at an angle, rather than straight, and chucked a bus timetable at another guest after the guest dared to ask the time of the next bus to town. Sounds like something right out of the Basil Fawlty playbook! Best Western Gleaneagles Hotel, Torquay. A few years ago The Gleneagles was due to be demolished by developers who wanted to replace it with a block of 25 luxury flats. The plans were rejected by the local council and the hotel was purchased privately for £1.5 million. It is now part of the Best Western hotel chain and has been transformed into a modern boutique hotel. Till next week, Week of June 6, 2011: As Time Goes By's Geoffrey Palmer, a.k.a. "Lionel Hardcastle" "Lionel and Jean" in As Time Goes By. This week one of our longtime favorite Afternoon Tea actors celebrates his 84th birthday. Geoffrey Palmer, who was born in North Finchley in London on June 4th, 1927, is known the world over for his portrayal of Lionel Hardcastle in As Time Goes By. Although the jowly-faced actor's droll voice is probably one of the most distinctive on television, Palmer's approach to his celebrity status is as unassuming as the character he plays. He shuns personal publicity and has never even watched a television talk show, let alone appeared on one. Palmer would much rather spend his time fishing than giving interviews. Although Palmer's been acting for over 50 years, the question of how much long he'll continue in the profession isn't nearly as important as "how many more years I can go on salmon fishing. How many more years will I be able to stand in a river?" Geoffrey and Sally Palmer on their wedding day. Unlike many of his contemporaries, Palmer didn't grow up longing to be an actor. He served his National Service as a Corporal with the Royal Marines, and after his discharge worked as an accountant at an imports office. A job he felt was enabling his propensity to dullness. It was only after meeting an actor friend of a cousin that Palmer decided to switch careers. Feeling that perhaps if he became an actor, he too could become witty and fun loving. Starting out in an amateur theatre, Palmer soon discovered that he loved being on stage. Palmer soon found plenty of stage work, but it wasn't until the mid 1970s that he came to the attention of the British television viewing public in the series The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin, where he played Perrin's brother-in-law, Major Jimmy Anderson. The cast of Butterflies. His success in that show was quickly followed up by the butterfly collecting, manic-depressive, dentist Ben Parkinson in Butterflies. A series, which starred The Royal's Wendy Craig, as Ben's emotionally disconnected wife Ria and Nicholas Lyndhurst (Only Fools and Horses) as his son Adam. Palmer continued to find work in films and television pretty steadily throughout the 1980s (Black Adder, Fawlty Towers, A Fish Called Wanda), but his greatest success of course came in 1992. That's when he teamed up with Judi Dench in As Time Goes By. Their long running partnership pales in comparison to Palmer's real life love affair. He has been married for almost fifty years to his wife Sally, whom he wed in 1963 and with whom he has two children, Charles and Harriet. Coincidentally Charles's wife, actress Claire Skinner, and her father-in-law have both appeared on Afternoon Tea. She played the role of Mrs. Macey in Lark Rise to Candleford. Geoffrey Palmer with his OBE. In 1995, Palmer was awarded the OBE (Order of the British Empire) by Queen Elizabeth II for his services to British Theatre. Many happy returns Geoffrey! Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of May 30, 2011: LOTSW's Bill Owen, a.k.a. "Compo" Last week in our chat about Brian Wilde who starred as Foggy Dewhurst in Last of the Summer Wine, I mentioned how he and Bill Owen didn't always see eye to eye. They sometimes went for weeks on end without speaking. The dearly departed Owen was, however, deeply loved by viewers for over 26 years for his portrayal of "Compo Sommonite". Bill Owen as "Compo" in Last of the Summer Wine. Despite his having been ill for some time with stomach and bowel cancer, Owens' death at the age of 85 in July of 1999 came as a great shock to all who knew him. Although Owen had undergone emergency surgery, when he fell ill during the shooting of a millennium special of the series in France, he refused to give into the pain and insisted on completing the filming. Once he got back to Britain, though, tests revealed the severity of his condition ï¿½ pancreatic cancer - and filming of a new series had to be put on hold. Sadly Owen never recovered. Although only a little guy of 5' 4", Owen had a personality that was larger than life. He was born William Rowbotham in Acton, West London in 1914. His father was a tram driver, his mother worked in a laundry and his grandmother was the local midwife. Although he wanted to become an actor from a very young age, his parents couldn't afford to have him trained, so when he left school he became a printer's apprentice. It was a job he hated. So he quit and got a job as a singer with a local dance band. He also played drums and the money he earned from playing in London nightclubs paid for his acting classes. He was just 18 at the time. The classes paid off and he got a job with a repertory company then toured music halls with a cabaret act. Like many other well known British entertainers, Owen spent several summers working as an entertainer at Butlin's Holiday Camps. The rest of the year he spent producing shows for the Unity Theatre, a left leaning organization that staged plays on social and political issues. Bill Owen in the 1950s. During the Second World War Owen was a lieutenant in the Royal Army Ordinance Corps. After a grenade explosion during a battle training course blew off the foot of one of his men, he had a breakdown and was forced to return to civilian life. Owen resumed his acting career and by the late 1940s was contracted to the film studio J. Arthur Rank. His first film using his new name of Owen instead of Rowbotham was When The Bough Breaks, where he played the role of "Bill Collins". The film also starred Owen's LOTSW castmate Thora Hird. Other films included Georgy Girl, O Lucky Man and a number of Carry On films, including Carry On Sergeant, Carry On Regardless and Carry On Nurse. In total Owen made 46 films, but his great love was always the theatre. In 1950 Owen played "Touchstone", in William Shakespeare's As You Like It at the Cort Theatre in New York. His co-star was Katherine Hepburn with whom, according to Owen's son Tom, he was "madly in love". Unfortunately for Owen it was a one sided love affair, although she did give him a photograph of the two of them in a scene from the play, on which she inscribed "To Bill, with affection and gratitude - Katharine Hepburn." It remained one of Owens' most prized possessions. As well as acting on stage, in film and on television, Owen also had a successful career as a songwriter, penning the lyrics for the Cliff Richard's 1960's hit "Marianne". In partnership with Mike Sammes, he also wrote lyrics for pop songs performed by Englebert Humperdinck, Harry Secombe, Sacha Distel and Pat Boone. Owen also wrote numerous one-act plays for boys clubs and was arts adviser to the National Association of Boys Clubs, for which he was made an MBE in 1976. His dancing skills weren't bad either, in fact Gene Kelly once called him a 'born dancer'. All of these achievements though were often overlooked in favor of the role that made Owen a household name. "Compo" the scruffy, woolly capped, welly wearing, lecherous, incorrigible prankster, whose passionate pursuit of the formidable "Nora Batty" lasted 26 years. In real life, Owen was married for 17 years to Edith Stevenson with whom he had a son, Tom who joined the cast of LOTSW after Owen's death, playing his long lost son Tom Simmonite. Owen married former actress Kathleen O'Donoghue in 1977 and the couple made Holmfirth their home. Bill Owen's gravesite. Owen's love of Holmfirth was known to all. In fact a couple of years before his death he made plans to be laid to rest in the local churchyard at St. John's Parrish Church in the village of Upperthong, for which he had helped raise money for repairs. This came as no surprise to Peter Sallis, who played "Clegg" in the series. Twenty years before when the pair had been sitting filming up by the Church, Owen told Sallis that it was there he wanted to be buried. I'm not sure which particular scene they were filming, but perhaps it was the one where "Compo", "Foggy" and "Clegg" had the following conversation... Compo: I wonder what they'll put on my gravestone? Foggy: Something very heavy, I hope. Clegg: What would you like on it? Compo: Somebody else's name. Till next week, as "Compo" would say "Tada"! To contact Heather: Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of May 23, 2011: LOTSW's Brian Wilde, a.k.a. "Foggy Dewhurst" As promised this week we're going to chat about actor Brian Wilde who replaced Michael Bates's Blamire in Last of the Summer Wine. Wilde's portrayal of former army corporal Foggy Dewhurst, was his last foray into television before his death in March of 2008, at the age of 80. It was also the pinnacle of a long, successful acting career. It seems serendipitous that Wilde's golden years would be spent in Holmfirth, the Yorkshire location where Last of the Summer Wine was filmed, as he was born in Ashton-under-Lyne in Lancashire, just 15 miles away in 1927. Most of Wilde's childhood though was spent in the Home Counties. After leaving his Hertfordshire Grammar School, the teenager went to London, where in 1947, he trained as an actor at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts. One of his fellow trainees was Peter Sallis, who played Clegg in LOTSW. Brian Wilde as "Foggy Dewhurst" in Last of the Summer Wine Wilde's first film and television appearances were in the early 1950s, and while he worked consistently for the next 20 years, he didn't receive national name recognition until being cast as prison officer Barrowclough in the hit BBC comedy series, Porridge. The series, which stared Ronnie Barker, ran until 1977, with a film version being made in 1979. While still working on Porridge, Wilde donned the trademark cap, picked up a cane and created Foggy Dewhurst; a character with whom he apparently had a lot in common. In fact, according to Peter Sallis, "If you saw him in character as Foggy you get a pretty good idea of what Brian was like". Wilde was, however, a very private man. According to Sallis, "If you saw him in Porridge or Last of the Summer Wine then you knew as much about him as I did. He was a private person, not in a stuffy way, but he didn't mix socially". Wilde may not have mixed much, but he was extremely well thought of by the series creator Roy Clark and producer Alan JW Bell. "He was one of my favorite actors", said Clark at the time of Wilde's death. "He was absolutely impeccable with every line. You could give him all sorts of convoluted speech and he never made a fluff. A wonderful actor and a very nice man". Bell, reiterated Clark's comments. "He was a fine actor to work with, very professional. He was an old school actor. You turned up, knew your lines and played them the very best you could. He had an enormous warmth to the public when he was off the set". Brian Wilde and Ronnie Barker in Porridge Someone who didn't get along quite as well with Wilde, was his co-star Bill Owen, who played Compo. Their relationship was known to be "prickly". In a rare interview Wilde once admitted that they had disagreements over the interpretation of scenes or the cutting of dialogue, and added that "we've never walked off the set in anger - we're too professional for that - though we have a few days when we're not talking". The pair also had differing political views. Owen was a staunch socialist, while Wilde was very much a Conservative. In fact, it was thought that when Wilde declined to appear in a stage version of LOTSW in 1983, it was because of the friction between himself and Owen. In 1985 Wilde left LOTSW in order to do other things, one of which was a show called Wyatt's Watchdogs, which also stared Wilde's actress wife Eva Stuart. This was Wilde's first ever leading role and he played a retired soldier trying to run a neighborhood watch group. The show though was poorly received and only lasted six episodes. Meanwhile a new character, Seymour Utterthwaite, played by Michael Aldridge, was introduced to replace Wilde, but by 1990 Foggy was back. Wilde remained with the series for the next seven years, when he was forced to drop out because of an attack of shingles. He recovered, but at his own behest didn't return to the series, his place in the threesome being taken over by Frank Thornton, who Wilde himself suggested as a replacement. In January of 2008 Wilde suffered a fall at his home in Ware, Hertfordshire. Never being the most robust of men, the 6ft. 3" tall, 180lb Wilde was left in a fragile condition. He was admitted into a nursing home where on March 19, 2008, he died in his sleep of natural causes. Until next week, Week of May 16, 2011: LOTSW's Michael Bates, a.k.a. "Cyril Blamire" Peter Sallis as "Clegg," Bill Owen as "Compo" and Michael Bates as "Cyril Blamire" in Last of the Summer Wine. During the course of all the years we've been enjoying Last of the Summer Wine on Afternoon Tea, we've seen so many comings and goings among the various characters in the series it's sometimes hard to keep up! Someone you might recall from way back when the series first started was "Cyril Blamire." He was the pompous, opinionated conservative who made up the original comic threesome and was played by actor Michael Bates from when the show originally aired in 1973, to 1975. Bates, who was born on December 4th, 1920, in India, served with the Brigade of Gurkhas in Burma. He was discharged at the end of World War II, and in 1947 he joined the Royal Shakespeare Company, where he remained until 1953. For the next 30 plus years, Bates made full use of both his physical bearing and his military background. He appeared in films such as Battle of Britain, Oh, What a Lovely War, and Patton. It was Bates' role in Patton which led to him being cast in the 1971 cult classic A Clockwork Orange. For many years, Bates also played an assortment of military personnel in the BBC's long running radio comedy series The Navy Lark. The cast of It Ain't Half Hot Mum. As well as starring in LOTSW, Bates also appeared in another popular British television series called It Ain't Half Hot Mum, where he portrayed an Indian character called "Rangi Ram." It was a role that caused some controversy as he was made up with a fake tan to look like an Indian. Having been born in India, and speaking Urdu fluently, it was a role Bates loved. So much so, that when he discovered he had cancer and had to drop all his other acting projects, he continued to play in It Ain't Half Hot Mum until shortly before his death in January of 1978 at the age of 57. Bates was replaced in Last of the Summer Wine, by actor Brian Wilde, whose life we'll take a look at next week. Until then, if there's someone in any of our Afternoon Tea shows you'd like to know more about, drop me a line. Until next week, Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of May 9, 2011: LOTSW's Gordon Wharmby, a.k.a. "Wesley Pegden" Last week we remembered the recently departed Trevor Bannister who played the lovable cockney Mr. Lucas in Are You Being Served? Bannister was also in another popular Afternoon Tea series; Last of the Summer Wine. He was a fairly new addition to the show, playing Toby Mulberry Smith, one of many new characters bought in owing to the real life demise of some of the older residents of Holmfirth. Gordon Wharmby for instance who played Barry's father-in-law Wesley Pegden in the series was an actor whose death of lung cancer at the age of 68 on May 18 2002, came as a shock to the producers of the series. Gordon Wharmby as "Wesley Pegden" Born in Salford, Lancashire in 1933, Wharmby served in the Royal Air Force, during his national service, where he learned to be a fireman. His original profession though was as painter and decorator. It was a job he loved and one he continued to do in the Manchester area for five years after his first appearance in Last of the Summer Wine in 1982. The role of Wesley was one that Wharmby got almost by accident. In 1981, having been a jobbing actor with the Oldham Repertory Co., and getting some minor roles in a few television shows, Wharmby auditions for the LOTSW episode In the Service of Humanity. He was one of five actors reading for a one-line part whose character description was simply "man on the roof". Another character was supposed to take away his ladder to rescue someone from the river. Wharmby's one line was: "Hey, bring back that ladder." Director Alan Bell and writer Roy Clarke were so impressed by Wharmby's 'natural' talent that they asked him to do a cold reading of the character in of Wesley in the episode titled "Car and Garter". Although a different, well-known actor had tentatively been chosen to play the role, Bell decided to cast Wharmby, who had practically no acting experience, on the spot. Clark then took some of Wharmby's own characteristics and tailored them to Wesley. It was a role Wharmby would enjoy playing for over 15 years. Wharmby and Thora Hird as "Wesley and Edie Pegden" Wesley's wife in the show was veteran British actress, Dame Thora Hird. Playing opposite her was initially intimidating, but eventually to Hird's great amusement Wharmby started giving her 'notes'. As well as Last of the Summer Wine, Wharmby also had small roles in several other British television shows, including Agatha Christie's Poirot, Hetty Wainthropp Investigates and All Creatures Great and Small. Agatha Christie's Poirot by the way is just one of the many British shows you can see on MPT2. It airs Tuesday nights at 8pm. MPT2 is also where you can find Last of the Summer Wine on Sunday nights at 8pm. That's just in case you miss the show's weekday showing on Afternoon Tea at 1:30pm weekdays. I'll be back next week with more about the residents of Holmfirth. Till then, TTFN! Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of May 2, 2011: We remember Trevor Bannister Amid the flurry of excitement over the Royal Wedding, it was also a time to mourn the passing of one of Afternoon Tea's own 'royals' ï¿½ Trevor Bannister, who played Mr. Lucas in Are You Being Served? Bannister suffered a fatal heart attack on Thursday, April 14th while doing some repair work on a shed in the allotment at his home in Thames Ditton, Surrey. John Inman as Mr. Humphries and Trevor Bannister as Mr. Lucas in Are You Being Served? Although 76 year old Bannister had lately made a comeback to television as 'Toby' in Last of the Summer Wine, as far as I'm concerned, he'll always be the 'junior' in the menswear department at Grace Brothers. Along with his partner in mischief making, Mr. Humphries, played by another sorely missed AYBS? favorite, John Inman, Bannister was an irascible rascal and the bane of Captain Peacock's existence. Born in Wiltshire on August 14th, 1936, Bannister was the youngest of three children. Like other British actors you may have read about in our weekly tid-bits column, Bannister got his start in show business at Arthur Brough's repertory company in Folkestone. He was just fifteen at the time, and little did he know then that he and Brough, who played Mr. Grainger in AYBS?, would be reunited in what would become one of the BBC's most popular exports. After completing his mandatory two year's of National Service, Bannister enrolled at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Arts and made his West End stage debut in 1960. The show was Billy Liar, starring Albert Finney in the title role. A few years later, Bannister was invited to play Mr. Lucas in a pilot episode of Are You Being Served? and stayed with the show until 1980. Bannister's leaving AYBS? at the height of its popularity was for many fans something of a mystery. It turns out that it was purely a matter of finances. AYBS? was a seven week a year job, and its Friday tapings conflicted with the opportunity Bannister had to do a long tour in a play called Middle Age Spread. When the BBC was unable to meet Bannister's request to change the recording day of AYBS? to Sundays so that he could appear in both, he had no other option than to leave the series. Trevor Bannister (left) as Toby in Last of the Summer Wine with (l-r) Brian Murphy as Alvin, Russ Abbot as Hobbo and Burt Kwouk as Entwistle. Bannister returned to the BBC in 1988 in the sitcom Wyatt's Watchdogs, where he played 'Peter Pitt', alongside Brian Wilde ('Foggy' Dewhurst in Last of the Summer Wine). Bannister also had minor roles in Keeping Up Appearances, The Saint and The Avengers and played three different characters in Coronation Street. In 2006, Bannister toured all over Britain as Sir John Tremayne in the 70th Anniversary production of the Noel Gay musical Me And My Girl and in 2009 he became a regular on Last of the Summer Wine. Bannister is survived by his second wife Pam, and three sons from his first marriage. To contact Heather: Week of April 25, 2011: The Royal Wedding, and sad Britcom news Trevor Bannister, 1934-2011. This week amid the excitement of welcoming a new member to Britain's Royal Family, we shouldn't forget to pause awhile and say farewell to a long-time member of our Afternoon Tea family. Actor Trevor Bannister, who played the cheeky chappy Mr. Lucas in Are You Being Served?, died of a heart attack last Thursday, April 14th at the age of 76. I'll be paying tribute to Mr. Bannister in next week's Tea Time Tidbits column and invite you to share your thoughts. You can drop me a line at [email protected] . Now, here's more on what to expect this Friday, April 29th, when Prince William marries his longtime girlfriend Catherine Middleton. Miss. Middleton's official Royal Title won't be announced until after the marriage, so there's no knowing yet whether she'll become Princess Catherine. One thing we can be sure of thought is that it will be a wedding for the ages. The costs of throwing such a lavish production haven't been revealed, but The Royal Family, with a six figure contribution from the Middleton's, will pay for all aspects of the day that constitute the actual wedding. For example, the service at Westminster Abbey, the flowers, the dresses, the carriage procession, the reception and the dinner. Costs that are consequential to the wedding, such as security, policing and street closures and cleaning will be paid for by the British Government and other bodies. Philippa "Pippa" Middleton. Accompanying Catherine down the aisle, along with her father, will be her sister, Philippa, as Maid of Honor, four young bridesmaids, aged between three and eight years old and two page boys, aged ten and eight. All of the bridesmaids are from the groom's side of the family, including three year old Eliza Lopes, granddaughter of the Duchess of Cornwall. Acting as Best Man to Prince William will, of course, be his brother Prince Harry. One of the most enjoyable aspects of watching a Royal Wedding is the music. Friday's Wedding Service promises to be exceptional, with two choirs, one orchestra and two fanfare teams. The Choir of Westminster Abbey consists of 20 boys and 12 professional adult singers. The Chapel Royal Choir, which has existed since at least the Norman Conquest, consists of ten boy choristers (known as Children of the Chapel) and 12 six male professional singers. If you think the uniforms worn by the Children seem a little outdated, that's because they date from the reign of Charles II. The London Chamber Orchestra comprising of 39 musicians, seated in the organ loft of the Abbey, will perform, along with a Fanfare Team of seven musicians from the Central Band of the Royal Air Force, as well as the State Trumpeters of The Household Cavalry. Music for the service was carefully chosen by the bride and groom, along with advice from Prince Charles and will include a number of well-known hymns and choral works as well as some specially-commissioned pieces. A Fiona Cairns wedding cake. Following the Wedding Service at Westminster Abbey, Claire Jones, the Official Harpist to The Prince of Wales will perform at the Reception given by The Queen at Buckingham Palace. At the Reception, guests will get to sample the wedding cake. Created by Leicestershire-based cake designer Fiona Cairns, who is known for only using traditional British ingredients, the cake will be a multi-tiered traditional fruit cake, decorated with cream and white icing, and featuring a strong British floral theme using elements of what is called the Joseph Lambeth technique; a method using lots of intricate piping to create 3-D scrollwork, leaves, flowers and other ornate decoration. In addition to the official wedding cake, Prince William also asked McVitie's Cake Company to create a one of a kind chocolate biscuit cake, made from a Royal Family recipe. I wonder what tea they'll be serving? Don't forget to set your "teasmaid" will you for 3am this Friday, April 29th. That's when MPT will commence airing the Royal Wedding festivities live from London. If it's a little early for you, don't worry, we'll repeat the proceedings in their entirety Friday night at 7pm and on Saturday, April 30th at 6pm. If you're planning on having your own Royal Wedding Party, or if you went to England to celebrate, let us know how it went. I'd love to share your stories! TTFN! Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of April 18, 2011: The Royal Wedding Greetings teagoers! So are you all set for Friday, April 29th? That's when you'll have to replace your Afternoon Tea with a Morning Cuppa Tea, for MPT's live coverage of the Royal Wedding. The on-air festivities kick off at 3am. Yes, you read that correctly ï¿½ if you want to see all of the coverage, you'll have to go to bed early the night before and set your alarms. Here's a rundown on what we can expect ï¿½ all times are London times, so if you're on the East Coast don't forget to minus 5hrs. Kate Middleton and Prince William. At 8:30 am (3:30am here on the East Coast), the 1900 invited guests will start arriving at Westminster Abbey. Yes, that's a full two and a half hours before the actual ceremony takes place, which is a blink of an eye compared to the ten years Kate has waited to wed her Prince! So who can we expect to be on the lookout for among the guests? Well, David and Victoria Beckham will be there, along with Sir Elton John and his partner David Furnish. Film director Guy Ritchie will also be there, but that shouldn't be a surprise, because although best known for his marriage to Madonna, he's also Kate's sixth cousin once removed. Former English rugby coach Sir Clive Woodward and his wife Lady Woodward will also attend, as will Rowan Atkinson (Blackadder). More than 15 members of the Middleton family will attend, along with two former boyfriends of Kate's and four ex-girlfriends of William. As well as inviting his best friends, William has also invited his former nannies, Barbara Barnes who looked after William and Harry before they started school, and Tiggy Pettifer, who took over from Ms. Barnes. Two of William's former headmasters also made the list, along with a gaggle of buddies of both the bride and groom from their college days at St. Andrews. The Venerable Bogoda Seelawimala. Although Sarah Ferguson wasn't invited, both her daughters, Princesses Beatrice and Eugenie, will be there, along of course with Prince Andrew and a whole host of other Royals. As a matter of protocol, the couple are also required to invite a fairly large number of politicians and religious leaders. These include British Prime Minister David Cameron, along with Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg, the leader of the opposition Ed Milibrand and the Venerable Bogoda Seelawimala, the head priest at the London Buddhist Vihara monastery. He'll be the one in the vivid colorful costume. At 10:00 am all the guests will proceed to the Abbey, with the Queen and Prince Philip being the last to arrive at around 10:40am. At 10:50 am Kate and her father Mike will leave Buckingham Palace, going towards Westminster Abby passing through The Mall, House, Whitehall and Parliament Square. They will be driven in a Rolls Royce, which will be the first time since 1963 that the royal bride has arrived at the church without riding in a horse-drawn carriage. At 11:00 am Prince William and Kate Middleton's wedding ceremony will commence. The service will be conducted by The Dean of Westminster. The Archbishop of Canterbury, Rowan Douglas Williams, will perform the marriage ceremony. The address will be given by The Bishop of London, who is a personal friend of Prince Charles and his family and who confirmed Prince William and officiated at the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Service. At 12:15 pm Following the ceremony Prince William and Princess Catherine will return (in a horse-drawn carriage) to Buckingham Palace. The Queen and Prince Philip. At 12:30 pm William and Kate will arrive at Buckingham Palace, where they'll be met by the Queen. The formal reception will follow. At 1:25 pm the newlyweds will appear together with their family on the balcony of Buckingham Palace. At 1:30 pm the royal couple will witness a ceremonial and honorific flying of planes of the Royal Air Force, before returning to the reception. At 7:00 pm a private dinner and dance will be held at Buckingham Palace, hosted by Prince Charles. The festivities will continue well into the wee hours, as William and Kate have arranged for a nightclub to be set up at Buckingham Palace. A DJ, a dance floor, lights, and a cocktail bar will be taken into the Palace, where several state rooms have been set aside for the reception. Approximately 300 have been invited to attend. So that's the play by play lineup for the Big Event. If you miss MPT's live coverage, we'll be airing it in its entirety again Friday night at 7pm and Saturday, April 30th at 6pm. We'll have another update on the Royal Wedding next week, until then... TTFN! Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of April 11, 2011: The cast of Lark Rise to Candleford, Part 3 This week we're going to wrap up our look at the actors who play the characters in Lark Rise to Candleford. Emma Timmins/Claudie Blakley First up is Claudie Blakley who plays Laura's mother, Emma Timmins, You might recognize Claudie from a show we aired a few months ago, John Lennon Naked. She played John's first wife Cynthia. Costume dramas, however, seem to be a particular favorite with Claudie, and she's appeared in Cranford as Martha, and also in the Oscar-winning Gosford Park, as Mabel Nesbitt, and as Charlotte Lucas in the 2005 version of Pride and Prejudice. Claudie trained at the Central School of Speech and Drama in London and has worked extensively in theatre, including with the National Theatre, where she played Wendy in Peter Pan, and the Royal Shakespeare Company. In 1998, she won the Ian Charleson Award for her performance in The Seagull at the West Yorkshire Playhouse. Claudie's father was Alan Blakely, a member of the 1960s pop band, The Tremeloes, who died in 1995. Queenie Turrill/Linda Bassett The matriach of the village, Linda Bassett, is no stranger to village life, having been born in the village of Pluckley in Kent in 1950. Her mother was a typist and her father a police officer. Linda had no formal actor training, chosing instead to attend Leeds University. She only stayed there a year though as she was always getting distracted from her studies by doing plays. Before attending University, Linda worked as an usher at the Old Vic Theatre and in the catering department at the National Theatre. After leaving University, Linda stayed in Leeds, working with a community theatre group that performed in adventure playgrounds, hospitals and special needs schools. Linda's break into the professional acting world didn't come until she was in her early 30s, when she was cast in a Caryl Churchill play Fen, in which she peformed both in London and New York. Although mainly a stage performer, you might recall seeing Linda in the movies Calendar Girls, where she starred as Cora (she was Miss March) and in The Reader, where she appeared as Mrs. Brenner. In 1999, Linda was nominated as Best Actress in both the Evening Standard and the BAFTA Film Awards, for her portrayal as Ella Khan in the film East Is East. For television, Linda was Mrs. Jennings in the BBC adaptation of Sense and Sensibility. Twister Turrill/Karl Johnson Unlike the character he plays, elderly layabout Twister, Karl is probably one of the hardest working actors in the industry. As well as working extensively on stage with the National Theatre, the Royal Court Theatre and the Royal Shakespeare Company, Karl has appeared in a string of television series and films for well over thirty years. Although he was familiar with the book before he took on the role of Twister, Karl avoided reading it for years, simply because of its title. "It sounds like a trip to Laura Ashley", said Karl. Fortunately for us, he didn't avoid saying yes, to playing the part of Twister! Alf Arless/John Dagleish Lark Rise to Candleford was John's very first role in television. He trained at the Drama Centre London. John is currently filming a new comedy drama series called Beaver Falls, which follows three British university graduates who have landed jobs at an elite American summer camp. Filming for the series is taking place in South Africa. Gabriel Cochrane/Richard Harrington Richard, who was born in Merthyr Tydfil in Wales, didn't expect to get the job, but was thrilled to be cast. Although intimidated at first by joining a cast that had been together for a while, Richard was welcomed with open arms and made to feel as though he'd been there for years. You might also recall seeing Richard in the long running BBC series, MI5. Now that Lark Rise is no longer being filmed Richard is finding he has something in common with the character he plays. Like Gabriel Richard too is job hunting and hopefully it won't be long before we see him again in another BBC production. I'll be back next week with more tid-bits on our Afternoon Tea shows and their actors. Until then, Until next week... Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of April 4, 2011: The cast of Lark Rise to Candleford, Part 2 Greetings Lark Rise fans! Here I am back again with some more tidbits about the characters you've got to know and love in Lark Rise to Candleford and the actors who play them. Margaret Brown/Sandy McDade The timid Rector's daughter, Margaret, who married Thomas Brown, is played by Scottish actress Sandy McDade. Born in Scotland, McDade knew she wanted to be an actress since she was 14 years old, and by 15, she had joined the Scottish Youth Theatre. At 19, McDade left Scotland, to move to London. She appeared in several television series, such as The Office, Silent Witness and Taggart, and she also worked a lot in the theatre. In fact, in 2003, McDade garnered a London Evening Standard Best Actress award. The play was Rona Munro's Iron, and she played Fay, a murderer. McDade currently lives in London with husband David, and their three children, Skye, 23, Miriam, 14, and Clara, 12, but her heart is still in Scotland. Pearl Pratt/Matilda Ziegler Matilda Ziegler, who plays the gossip loving Pearl Pratt, has had quite the varied theatrical career. She's performed in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night for the Royal Shakespeare Company, and in numerous telvision shows, all playing very different roles, including the Rowan Atkinson sitcom Mr. Bean where she played the title character's long suffering girlfriend, as well as EastEnders and The Inspector Linley Mysteries where Ziegler had a reoccuring role as Christine Miller. Ziegler is married to actor Louis Hilyer and they have two daughters, Evie and Faye, and one son, Herbie. Ruby Pratt/Victoria Hamilton Ruby Pratt may not have much success in the romance field, but the actress who plays her has enjoyed considerable success in the acting world. In 1995 Victoria Hamilton won the London Critics Circle Theatre Award for Most Promising Newcomer, and in 2000 won for Best Actress. In 2002 she was nominated for a Laurence Olivier Theatre Award for Best Actress for her role in As You Like It, and in 2003 received a Tony Best Actress nomination for A Day In The Life of Joe Egg. Costume dramas seem to be Hamilton's forte. You might remember her as Mrs. Forster in the BBC's Pride and Prejudice, starring Colin Firth? She also played Queen Victoria in Victoria & Albert, and has appeared in three Jane Austen adaptations, Pride and Prejudice, Persuasion, and Mansfield Park. Hamilton is celebrating her 40th birthday this week (April 5th) and is married to British actor, Mark Bazeley. Daniel Parish/Ben Aldridge Devonshire born, Ben Aldridge who plays Laura's partner, Daniel Parish, attended St. Peter's Church of England High School in Exeter and graduated from the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Arts (LAMDA) in 2008. Since then, he's been consistently working, either in the theatre (The National Youth Theatre and the Globe theatre), or in television series such as Compulsion and Inspector Lewis. I'll be back next week with a final wrap up on the actors in Lark Rise to Candleford. If there's something you'd like me to cover in these weekly tidbits, let me know. Until next week... Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of March 28, 2011: The cast of Lark Rise to Candleford, Part 1 One of the best things about doing these weekly tidbits is hearing from our viewers. It's been lovely to hear from so many of you about how much you enjoy Lark Rise to Candleford. For the next few weeks, I thought we'd take a look at some of the actors in the series - those credits fly by so fast, it's sometimes hard to catch the actor names. So here goes... Dorcas Lane/Julia Sawalha Candleford's Postmistress, Dorcas Lane, is played by Julia Sawalha, who is best known for playing Saffy ï¿½ the long suffering daughter to Jennifer Saunders' Edina, in the hit comedy, Absolutely Fabulous. Julia also appeared in Pride and Prejudice (Lydia Bennet), Martin Chuzzlewit (Mercy "Merry" Pecksniff) and Cranford (Jessie Brown). No wonder she moves with such ease in those long skirts! The 42 year old Julia has also appeared in several films, including voicing Ginger in the animated film Chicken Run. One of Julia's very first television roles, was in another series you might have seen on MPT - Mystery's Inspector Morse, it was the episode "Last Seen Wearing" and she played the role of Rachael. Laura Timmins/Olivia Hanninan Olivia Hallinan started acting at the age of seven, working for TV, film and stage. She studied English and Drama at the University of Manchester and her first professional role was in Jack and the Beanstalk with UK favorite Cilla Black. This year sees 22 year old Olivia's feature film debut as she stars in the British film noir Jack Falls as Natasha. Minnie Mude/Ruby Bentall Ruby Bentall who plays Dorcas' hopeless housemaid, Minnie, has also appeared in another series you might have seen on MPT ï¿½ the comedy detective series, New Tricks. Both of Ruby's parents are actors, who between them have a total of six children. (Ruby's mum is Janine Duvitski, the actress who plays long-suffering Jane on Waiting For God.) 22 year old Ruby was born at home in Camden, London, and she still lives with her family in Central London. Thomas Brown/Mark Heap Pious postman, Thomas Brown, is played by Mark Heap who was born in India to an English father and American mother. The 53 year old's acting career began with the 'Medieval Players' touring company, Mark is also a trained circus performer who started out as a street entertainer, even winning an award for a comedy juggling act called 'The Two Marks'. I'll be back next week with more about some of your favorite Lark Rise actors. In the meantime, if you have a question, or want to let me know what you think about Lark Rise, or any of our Afternoon Tea offerings, you can drop me a line. Until next week... Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of March 21, 2011: Remembering Wendy Richard One of the most recognisable faces on Afternoon Tea has to be that of Wendy Richard, who plays the glamourous 'dolly bird' Shirley Brahms in Are You Being Served? Wendy and Mollie Sugden. Wendy, who died at the age of 65, on February 26, 2009, was no stranger to the life of a department store shop assistant. Her first job after she left the Royal Masonic School for Girls in Rickmansworth, was in the fashion department of the high class Piccadilly store, Fortnum and Mason. No wonder Wendy seems so comfortable selling women's clothes at Grace Brothers! Wendy's real name was Wendy Emerton, but after studying drama at the Italia Conti Stage Academy in London, she changed it to Richard, because she thought it sounded 'short and neat'. Wendy's life, however, was never what you could describe as tidy ï¿½ it seems to have been full of dramatic events and trauma. Her parents ran a pub, whose clientel included Ruth Ellis; the last woman to be hanged in Britain. When Wendy was just 11 years old, her father committed suicide and after her mother died 17 years later, Wendy embarked on a series of disastrous marriages, all three of which ended in divorce. Wendy and the cast of Are You Being Served? Reunite in Grace & Favour. As though to compensate for her unhappy personal life, Wendy became best known to British television audiences through her work on comedy series, such as Dad's Army, Please Sir and On The Buses. She also appeard in the classic comedy films, Carry On Girls and Carry On Matron. As well as achieving success as an actress, in 1962, Wendy also had a number one record. It's Wendy who can be heard imploring Mike Sarne to "give over", on the hit record "Come Outside". It was Are You Being Served? though that really bought Wendy to the public's attention and she portrayed the lovable, if somewhat dippy, sexpot Miss Brahms for 12 years, from 1973-1985. In 1990, the Are You Being Served? cast reunited for a sequel to the show, Grace and Favour, It must have been a welcome change for Wendy to play Miss Brahms again, as opposed to the role of Pauline Fowler ï¿½ the baggy cardiganed, sharp tongued matriach in the BBC soap opera EastEnders. Wendy at the British Soap Awards in 2007. Wendy was one of the original cast members of EastEnders and she played Pauline Fowler for over 20 years. She left the show when she disagreed with the storylines being written for her character. It was that kind of fortitude along with a sense of humor that endeared her to her fellow actors. Mollie Sugden, who played Mrs. Slocombe in Are You Being Served?, considered Wendy "the daughter I never had" and Frank Thornton, Captain Peacock in the show, appreciated the fact that Wendy "didn't suffer fools gladly", and he found her "acidic wit" "most refreshing!" In 2000, Richard was awarded the MBE for services to television and in 2007 she was given a British Soap Award for Lifetime Achievement for her role in EastEnders. Not long after, Wendy was diagnosed with cancer, which in October of 2008, was discovered to be a particularly aggressive and terminal form of the disease. In typical Wendy take charge fashion, she wrote out her will, planned her funeral and immediately married her long term partner, John Burns. It was Burns who was at her side, a few months after their marriage, when she died at a Harley Street clinic in London. To contact Heather: Week of March 14, 2011: A look back at John Inman, Part 2 Greetings! Heather here with more about our favorite 'floorwalker", John Inman. Although born in Preston, Lancashire, Inman considered Blackpool as his home town, having moved there at the age of 12. His mother ran a boarding house in the town and his father was a hairdresser and when Inman expressed a desire to be an actor, they paid for him to have elocution lessons at a local church hall. The lessons must have paid off, because at the age of 13, he made his stage debut at the South Pier in Blackpool in a melodrama called Freda. When Inman was 15, he took a job at the Pier, making tea, clearing up and playing parts in the plays After leaving school, Inman worked for two years at Fox's ï¿½ a gentlemen's outfitters in Blackpool. No wonder he fit so nicely into his role as Mr. Humphries! Inman moved to London when he was 17, and a few years later joined a repertory company in Crewe as a scenic artist. He made his West End debut in the 1960s in a musical called Ann Veronica at the Cambridge Theatre and his television debut in 1970 in a sitcom called Two In Clover. In 1972, David Croft, asked Inman to play a part in a Comedy Playhouse pilot called Are You Being Served? The rest, as they say, is history. Inman's character grew from minor to major, as did Inman's popularity not only with the British public, but around the world. John Inman in pantomime. In 1979, Inman appeared at the Adelphi Theatre in London, playing Lord Fancourt Babberley in Charley's Aunt. A foreshadowing of the many times, Inman would appear in drag as the traditional Pantomime Dame. A role he relished ï¿½ in fact, no matter where his travels took him, he would always return to England at Christmas to do a pantomime. It was while appearing in a pantomime in December of 2004, that Inman contracted Hepatitis A and was forced to cancel an appearance. This was the climax in a series of bouts of bad health, having been hospitalized with bronchitis in 1993, collapsing on the stage in 1995 and spending three days in intensive care in 2001 after suffering breathing difficulties. Inman never worked again and died early in the morning of March 8th, 2007, aged 71. Inman was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium on March 23, 2007, leaving practically his entire estate ï¿½ 2.8 million pounds - to his partner of 33 years, Ron Lynch, who he had married in a civil ceremony in 2005. Next week, we'll be taking a look at the career of Inman's AYBS co-star Wendy Richard, who played Miss Brahms in the series. Until then, TTFN Owings Mills, MD 21117 Week of March 7, 2011: A look back at John Inman, Part 1 Hello, Heather here for our weekly chat about the shows and people we love to watch on Afternoon Tea. One of the actors we've been enjoying on MPT for so long now that he seems almost like family is of course the hysterically funny John Inman. It's hard to imagine that Inman, who seemed eternally effervescent, is no longer with us, but this week marks the third anniversary of his passing. What a character - both on screen and off. Frederick John Inman June 28, 1935 - March 8, 2007 Many years ago I had the pleasure of attending a PBS 'do' at which Inman was the guest speaker. I'll never forget my first sighting of him as he ran across the room, grabbed hold of the elderly lady I was speaking with at the time, flung his arms around her and said "oh, Mary!" as though greeting a long lost friend. They'd never actually met, but seeing her name tag and recognizing in Mary's face a kindred spirit, who might provide sanctuary from the mundane conversation he was currently embroiled in, propelled Inman practically into Mary's arms. Inman must have been a good judge of character, because Mary's immediate comeback was "oh, John!", and she played along with the long lost friend scenario for all it was worth. Inman's talk to the guests that night was more of a stand up routine, rather than an interview. Having refused to be interviewed formally on the stage, he walked (or flounced) around the floor area, taking questions from the dinner guests and simply 'chatting' about whatever popped into his head. What I remember most was the great big smile on Inman's face, and the constant stream of laughter coming from his audience. He was a man who was obviously happiest when making others happy. As well as being popular with the public, Inman was also extremly well regarded by his peers and especially by his fellow variety artists, and he was elected King Rat by the Grand Order of Water Rats ï¿½ an entertainment industry charity based in London. Inman was also President of the UK's Heritage Foundation , a charity comprised of entertainment artists and technicians who raise funds for good causes, such as Cancer Research, The British Heart Foundations, the Parkinson's Disease Society and many, many others. I'll be back next week, with more on John Inman, but for now, take time to pause, reflect and remember... Week of February 28, 2011: Downton Abbey, and a Sweepstakes! Hello, Heather here with good news for those of you who might be suffering from Downton Abbey withdrawal. Response to the series has been so positive that a second series is now in the works and will be part of the MASTERPIECE Classic season in 2012. Julian Fellowes continues as the writer for the upcoming series, which will again star Dame Maggie Smith, Hugh Bonneville and Elizabeth McGovern. The Bridge of Sighs, Oxford I think you'll agree that Downton Abbey was a fantastic start to MASTERPIECE'S 40th anniversary season. It's hard to believe that MASTERPIECE is 40 years old! Just think of all the stunning locations we've journeyed to without leaving our front rooms! There's an opportunity, by the way, for you to win a chance to see some of the MASTERPIECE iconic locations in the MASTERPIECE 40th Anniversary Sweepstakes! The grand prize is a trip for two adults (four days/three nights) to the UK with VIP tours of places such as Highclere Castle, the setting for Downton Abbey and Greenway, the home of Agatha Christie. Accommodation will be in the historic cities of Bath (Persuasion) and Oxford (Inspector Morse & Inspector Lewis). The Sweepstakes runs from through April 26, 2011 (5pm, ET) and travel to UK must be from September 11 through 15, 2011. No purchase necessary; winner will be selected by random drawing. For full details and information on how to enter, go to http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/sweepstakes/index.html . So just how long have you been enjoying MASTERPIECE on MPT? And what was your favorite MASTERPIECE? Goodness, that's a hard question! Personally, the one that comes immediately to my mind has to be Poldark? Do you remember that one? Set in Cornwall and based on the novels by Winston Graham. Upstairs, Downstairs, was another of my absolute favorites and I can't wait to see what's going on at 165 Eaton Place, when the series resumes in April. If you want to let me know your favorite MASTERPIECE drop me a line at [email protected] . And if you win that sweepstakes ï¿½ don't forget to send us a postcard! The address is Afternoon Tea, Maryland Public Television, 11767 Owings Mills Blvd., Owings Mills, MD 21117 TTFN! Week of February 21, 2011: Josephine Tewson Hello, ready for a good old chin wag about our favorite Afternoon Tea shows and the people who star in them? If you look up the definition of "chin wag", by the way, it means "light informal conversation for social occasions". Sounds like something Hyacinth might say. This week I thought in celebration of her approaching birthday we'd have a natter about the woman for whom having a light informal conversation with her neighbor is a nerve wracking event. I'm talking, of course, about Liz in Keeping Up Appearances, played by Josephine Tewson, who turns seventy-two this week on February 26th. Josephine Tewson as Elizabeth, in Keeping Up Appearances Unlike the television role she plays, Josephine actually quite likes talking, which is just one of the common miserpections people have of her, as in real life, Ms. Tewson swears she's nothing at all like the nervous Elizabeth Warden. It must have been the training she received as a student at London's prestigious Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts ï¿½ a theatre school that seems to have churned out more than its fair share of talent. So many of the actors we regularly see on MPT graduated from RADA; Kenneth Brannagh, Peter Bowles, Arthur Brough, Trevor Eve, Peter Sallis, John Thaw, June Whitfield, to name just a few. Josephine, June Whitfield and Peter Sallis all appear in another Afternoon Tea staple ï¿½ Last of the Summer Wine, where Josephine plays Miss Davenport. I wonder if they too have a good old chin wag ï¿½ about their days at RADA. Although I doubt they were there at the same time, given that Josephine is the 'baby' of the trio. If Josephine hadn't attended RADA, she says she would have liked to have read English at Durham University. Fortunately for us, however, Josephine chose acting over academics. After working in repetory for a decade or so, during which time she met, married and divorced actor Leonard Rossiter, who you might also know as Reginald Perrin, Josephine, became one of England's best known supporting comedic actresses, appearing alongside Ronnie Barker (Open All Hours), David Jason (Only Fools & Horses) and Hywel Bennett (Shelley). It seems that comedy must be in her blood, because Josephine is related to yet another Afternoon Tea actor ï¿½ none other than Are You Being Served?'s John Inman. He was her cousin! See if you can detect a resemblence. Keeping Up Appearances and Are You Being Served? both air Sunday nights on MPT2, as well as weekdays on MPT's Afternoon Tea. For a full listing of programs, see www.mpt.org . If you'd like to acknowledge, share thoughts, or have a question about any of the actors in your favorite British series, drop me a line. You can email me at [email protected] , or pop a letter in the post to Afternoon Tea, Maryland Public Television, 11767 Owings Mills Blvd., Owings Mills, MD 21117. TTFN Week of February 14, 2011: Patricia Routledge, Part 2 Hello, Heather here, back for a chat about Patricia Routledge, who plays the formidable Hyacinth Bucket in Keeping Up Appearances. Last week I was telling you about a production of The Pirates of Penzance Patricia starred in which is available on DVD. Another film she made was the 1967 film, To Sir With Love, starring Sidney Poitier and Lulu. You can also see Patricia in Alan Bennett's Talking Heads, a collection of monologues, which is also available on DVD. If you've never seen it, you're in for a treat, because it also features Last of the Summer Wine's Thora Hird, in one of the most moving performances of her career. In 1990, Routledge landed the role of Hyacinth Bucket. It's hard to believe that the series only ran for five years, having ended at Patricia's request in 1995. I had the privilege of meeting Patricia several years ago at a charity event she was talking at in support of Public Television. At the end of the evening I was bursting to tell her about Hyacinth's resemblence to my mother ï¿½ they have the same furnishings, similar types of husbands, both love to hold 'candlelight suppers' and my mum even has a sister called Rose! Patricia Routledge, in Hetty Wainthropp Investigates "Everyone says that", said Patricia, cutting me off before I could go into my lengthy comparisons. As I slunk away, feeling as though I'd just been reprimanded by a stern Headmistress, I got a sneaky feeling that Patricia had heard it all before and didn't want to hear it again. In fact, it seemed to me that she actually didn't much care for the character she'd created, with her delusions of grandeur and social pretensions. No doubt, Patricia much preferred her Hetty Wainthropp character. In fact, the formidable Ms. Routledge made no bones about the fact that she was most definitely "not amused" when the BBC cancelled Hetty Wainthropp Investigates after four series. Ten years after its cancellation, she still felt angry enough to tell the press that she felt that the "BBC is run by 10 year old children!" That's something only Hyacinth would say...well, Hyacinth and my mother! Patricia, who has never married and has no children, continues to work and currently lives in Chichester. She will turn 82 on February 17th Happy Birthday, Hyacinth! TTFN Week of February 7, 2011: Patricia Routledge, Part 1 Greetings Afternoon Tea fans! One of the things I love about the shows we get to see every afternoon on MPT is the fact that many of the actors in the series are in their Golden Years. It's so inspiring to see someone such as Patricia Routledge, who turns 82 this month, not only still working, but doing so in such an active fashion. Routledge of course is best known for her portrayal of Hyacinth Bucket in Keeping Up Appearances, but before she stormed onto our tellies in that role, she enjoyed a successful career as a musical theatre actress. Being an actress though wasn't something Patricia set out to do. She actually majored in English at the University of Liverpool. It was there that she became involved in the school's Dramatic Society and was persuaded by a fellow society member to persue an acting career. So after graduating, Patricia trained at the reknowned Bristol Old Vic Theatre School and began her theatrical career as an unpaid assistant stage manager at The Liverpool Playhouse, where she made her stage debut in 1952 as Hippolyta in "A Midsummer Night's Dream." Patricia Routledge, as seen in Darling of the Day In 1968 Patricia made her Broadway debut in the musical Darling of the Day, which although it was a very short-lived production, garnered Patricia a Best Actress in a Musical Tony Award. Thereafter, followed a series of unsuccessful Broadway productions, until 1980, when Patricia played Ruth in The Pirates of Penzance at the Delacorte Theatre in New York's Central Park. Her co-stars were Kevin Kline and Linda Ronstadt. The show was a huge success and subsequently transferred to Broadway. Unfortunately for Patricia, it transferred without her, and she was replaced by Estelle Parsons. A DVD of the Central Park production starring Patricia is, however, available. I haven't seen it, but if you have and want to let me know what you think of her performance, drop me a line at [email protected] . Or if you want to send me a lavendar scented letter Hyacinth-style, you can send me a letter at Afternoon Tea, Maryland Public Television, 11767 Owings Mills Blvd., Owings Mills, MD 21117. I'll be back with more information on Patricia Routledge next week, but till then... TTFN Week of January 31, 2011: The Britcom Golden Agers Greetings Afternoon Tea fans! One of the things I love about the shows we get to see every afternoon on MPT is the fact that many of the actors in the series are in their 'Golden Years'. I think it's simply wonderful that the senior citizen actors in Britain are given the opportunity to continue to share their talents in such series as Last of the Summer Wine, One Foot in the Grave and Keeping Up Appearances. The actress who probably works more than any is, of course, Dame Judi Dench, who turned 76 last month. Judi Dench Dame Judi has a decades long career in stage, film and television and gives no indication that she has plans on slowing down in the near future. In fact, she has four films coming out this year alone! The one I'm really looking forward to seeing is My Week With Marilyn, about the tense relationship between Sir Laurence Olivier and Marilyn Monroe during the filming of The Prince and the Showgirl. Dame Judi plays Dame Peggy Ashcroft and the film is simply studded with faces you'll be sure to recognize. Kenneth Brannagh plays Olivier, Zoe Wanamaker, is Paula Strasberg, Sir Derek Jacobi plays Royal Librarian Sir Owen Morshead and there's a slew of other actors that have been in the British shows you love to watch on MPT. Including, Dominic Cooper (Willoughby in Sense and Sensibility), Eddie Redmaine (Angel Clare in Tess of the D'Urbevilles), Geraldine Somerville (Louisa Stockbridge in Gosford Park) and Miranda Raison and Simon Russell Beale who played Jo Portman and the Home Secretary in MI-5. I'm sure there's lots of others. If you see it and recognize someone I haven't mentioned, or if you know of another film that our Afternoon Tea viewers might be interested in seeing, let me know. Email me at [email protected] , or write to Afternoon Tea, Maryland Public Television, 11767 Owings Mills Blvd., Owings Mills, MD 21117. I'll be back next week to talk about one of Britain's most popular "Golden Girls", Patricia Routledge, who will soon be celebrating her 82nd birthday. Till then, TTFN! Week of January 24, 2011: Arthur Brough Hello, Heather here for a quick natter. Today I thought we'd have a chat about one of my favorite Afternoon Tea actors. A quiet, unassuming, although sometimes known to be crotchety, man whose diminutive manner belies a wicked sense of humor. I'm talking of course about Arthur Brough, who played Mr. Grainger in Are You Being Served? Born in Petersfield, Hampshire in 1905, Arthur attended The Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, where after graduating he joined a Shakespearean troupe and met his wife-to-be, actress Elizabeth Addyman. After they married, the couple began establishing theatre companies throughout England, until the onset of World War II, when Arthur enlisted in the Royal Navy, where he served for the duration. After the War, during which his ship was involved with the evacuation of Dunkirk, Arthur resumed his acting career and reopened his repertory theatre the Folkstone Rep, which included among its actors, Trevor Bannister, who stars as Mr. Lucas in Are You Being Served? Arthur Brough In the early '60s, Arthur began finding work in films and television, including a guest appearance in Upstairs, Downstairs (episode 3, series 2). Arthur kept up his work at The Folkstone Rep, however, until 1969 when the theatre closed as Arthur's wife began to suffer ill-health. It was in 1972 that Arthur was cast in the role we know him best ï¿½ that of Ernest Grainger ï¿½ the senior menswear salesman of Grace Brother's Department Store. After the completion of Are You Being Served?'s fifth season, on Easter Sunday in 1978, Arthur's wife of 50 years, died, prompting a devasted Arthur to announce that he was quitting acting. Just six weeks after his beloved Elizabeth's death, Arthur also died. At the time of his death, Are You Being Served?'s creator David Croft credited Arthur with being the inspiration for much of the humor in the show. His mischievous sense of humor knew no bounds, and he would often pull pranks on his castmates during the recording of the shows. Arthur also liked his daily tipple ï¿½ and would frequently disappear from the set to pop to the pub next door for his favorite Pink Gin. No wonder Mr. Grainger usually has a smile on his face, eh?! Next time you see Mr. Grainger in the show, see if you can figure out which scenes were filmed before, and which after, Arthur's trip to the 'boozer'! If you'd like to share your thoughts about any of our Afternoon Tea shows, you can drop me a line either by email [email protected] , or you can send me a letter at Afternoon Tea, Maryland Public Television, 11767 Owings Mills Blvd., Owings Mills, MD 21117. TTFN Week of January 17, 2011: Lark Rise to Candleford author Flora Thompson, Part 2 Hello, Heather here with more on the woman who created the brand new Afternoon Tea series we've been enjoying this month ï¿½ Lark Rise to Candleford. As you probably know by now, the series is an adaptation of the semi-autobigraphical trilogy, Lark Rise to Candleford, by Flora Thompson. The village of Lark Rise was in reality Flora's birthplace Juniper Hill, which has remained unchanged since the time of which Flora wrote. In fact, many of the local features mentioned in Lark Rise to Candleford (End House; Queenie's Cottage; the School; the Farm; the Rectory; Cottisford House to name just a few) can still be identified. Flora, with daughter Winifred, c 1906. In the trilogy, Flora changed her own character's name from Flora Timms (as she was known before her marriage to John Thompson) to Laura Timmins. Flora's mother Emma and her brother Edwin Timms, were the inspiration for Emma and Edward Timmins. Maybe that's what makes the characters we're seeing in this series so interesting - the fact that they were drawn from real-life people. With that in mind, we'll be learning a lot more about Flora's life in the coming weeks as we continue to enjoy Lark Rise to Candleford. Flora's fascinating trilogy was published in its entirity just two years before she suffered a heart attack and died in died in 1947 at the age of 70. Flora is buried in Longcross Cemetery in Dartmouth, next to a memorial to her son Peter, who was lost at sea in World War II. In 2007, to coincide with the sixtieth anniversary of Flora's death, the Old Gaol Museum in Buckingham opened a permanent exhibition of her life and works, as a themed museum. Well worth a visit if you ever find yourself the other side of the Pond. If you don't, not to worry, we're happy to bring you a bit of Britain every weekday afternoon beginning at 1:30pm. Don't forget, if you'd like to share your thoughts about Lark Rise to Candleford, or any of our Afternoon Tea shows, you can drop me a line either by email [email protected] , or you can send me a letter at Afternoon Tea, Maryland Public Television, 11767 Owings Mills Blvd., Owings Mills, MD 21117. TTFN Week of January 10, 2011: Lark Rise to Candleford author Flora Thompson, Part 1 Hello, Heather here for another natter about our new Afternoon Tea offering, Lark Rise to Candleford. Last week we chatted about where the series was filmed, this week I thought you might like to know a little more about the woman who penned this semi-autobiographical novel. Flora Thompson was born in 1876 in the hamlet of Juniper Hill, near Brackley in Northamptonshire, which is a county set right in the middle of England. Flora left school at the age of 14, and went to work as an assistant at the local Post Office where she also lived for seven years. After she moved, she took a number of temporary jobs in various neighboring counties and eventually ended up in Grayshott, Hampshire where she stayed until 1901. Flora then took a job as a Post Office Clerk, at the Post Office in Yateley and it was here that she met her husband, John Thompson, while he was temporarily working in nearby Aldershot. John and Flora married in 1903 and moved to Bournemouth where John worked as a sorting clerk at the Post Office. After her marriage, Flora gave up her job, had three children, and began entering writing competitions in the women's magazine The Ladies Companion. Her first published work ï¿½ an essay on Jane Austen ï¿½ appeared 1911 in The Ladies Companion which later that year published Flora's essays on Emily Bronte and Shakespeare's heroine, Juliet. In 1916, with the onset of World War I, it was back to the Post Office for Flora where she worked with her husband after he was transferred to a post in the town of Liphook. In 1927, a promotion for John took the Thompsons to Dartmouth, Devon, where Flora continued her writing which now progressed from essays to short stories and poetry. Her first published volume was Bog-Myrtle and Peat, a poetry anthology. Lark Rise, based on her childhood, was published in 1939, followed by Over to Candleford in 1941 and Candleford Green in 1943. The three stories were published as a trilogy in 1945, as Lark Rise to Candleford. I hope you're enjoying the series as much as I am, and if you want to share your thoughts about the series, feel free to drop me a line either by email [email protected] , or you can send me a letter at Afternoon Tea, Maryland Public Television, 11767 Owings Mills Blvd., Owings Mills, MD 21117. Until next time, TTFN Week of January 3, 2011: Happy New Year! Welcome to Tea Time Tidbits, our new weekly communique where we'll have a good old natter about the shows you love to watch on Afternoon Tea. What better way to kick off a brand new year than with a brand new series, Lark Rise To Candleford, which you can see every weekday afternoon at 3:30pm. I love it when the BBC gives us a chance to escape to rural England. In the case of Lark Rise, the series was filmed in England's West Country. The villages of Lark Rise and Candleford were actually created from scratch on farms in Box and Nexton Park in Wiltshire, with the interior scenes being filmed in Gloucestershire, at a BBC warehouse in the town of Yate. Gloucestershire was also the location of the country scenes you see in the show. They were shot at Chavenage House in the Cotswolds. Chagenage House, by the way, was the setting for the Masterpiece Theatre series Cider with Rosie and Tess of the D'Urbervilles. It was also used in the Are You Being Served? spin off series, Are You Being Served, Again!, or as it was known in England, Grace and Favour. Are You Being Served?, of course, is an Afternoon Tea staple, and I've a feeling Lark Rise to Candleford will also become an essential part of your tea-time viewing. If you're worried that it's going to go away after one series ï¿½ do not fear! Our programmer went out on a limb and purchased all four available series. Don't forget by the way, that another terrific new series, starts on Sunday, Jan 9th at 9pm ï¿½ the Masterpiece Classic, Downton Abbey, a drama set in pre-World War I and starring Maggie Smith. I'll be back next week for another natter, in the meantime, if you want to let us know what you think of Lark Rise, email me at [email protected] . That's also the email you can use if you have questions, or comments about any of our Afternoon Tea offerings, or anything else for that matter. If you prefer to write to us Hyacinth-style, our mailing address is: Afternoon Tea, Maryland Public Television, 11767 Owings Mills Blvd., Owings Mills, MD 21117. Looking forward to hearing from you, TTFN!	i don't know
The mandible and maxilla make up which part of the body?	Maxilla Anatomy, Diagram & Function \| Body Maps Your message has been sent. OK We're sorry, an error occurred. We are unable to collect your feedback at this time. However, your feedback is important to us. Please try again later. Close Maxilla The maxilla forms the upper jaw by fusing together two irregularly-shaped bones along the median palatine suture, located at the midline of the roof of the mouth. The maxillary bones on each side join in the middle at the intermaxillary suture, a fused line that is created by the union of the right and left ‘halves’ of the maxilla bone, thus running down the middle of the upper jaw. The bones help to form the upper jaw, sub-segments of the eye sockets, and the lower sections and sides of the nasal cavity. Additionally, they reduce the heaviness of the skull, help support the back teeth, and help to allow the voice to resonate. Each half of the fused bones contains four processes. These include the zygomatic, frontal, palatine, and alveolar processes of the maxilla. They also contain the infraorbital foramen, an opening in the bone just below the eye sockets, and the maxillary sinus, which helps to protect important facial structures during an accidental trauma, like the crumple zone of a car. A severe blow to the face can fracture the maxilla, causing the displacement of teeth, loss of feeling in the lips or cheeks, and a retraction of the eyeball. Surgery is required to repair the break, as well as reset the bone and surrounding bones.	Jaw
Which standard unit of energy can be defined as the work required to continuously produce one watt of power for one second?	Facial bones - human anatomy organs Facial bones FACIAL BONES ANATOMY The skull is additionally comprised of fourteen bones which make up the face. The facial bones do not touch the brain but are still considered part of the skull. Some cranial bones meet with the facial bones to give each individual a varying form, the frame work from which the face is then built upon. Additionally, facial bones provide an anchor for the teeth and provide a structure for the muscles of the face and jaw to attach. All bones of the face are structured in pairs, except the mandible and the vomer. MAXILLA The maxillas, or maxillae when referencing two, join together at the center in order to form the upper jaw and provide structure for the upper teeth. The alveolar process is part of each individual maxilla, which anchors the molars, pre-molars, incisors , and cuspids . FACIAL BONES DIAGRAM Image: Facial Bones The roof of the mouth is formed by a hard plate known as the palatine process. Just in front of this hard plate but behind the incisors lies the incisive foramen. The infraorbital nerve and the artery that leads to the nose pass through the infraorbital foramen, which fits snugly under each orbit . Image: Maxilla The inferior orbital fissure is the last opening within the maxilla. It creates the opening the allows passage of the maxillary nerve and the and the infraorbital vessels, and it is located between the sphenoid wing and the maxilla. The maxilla bone also creates one of the four basic chambers of the paranasal cavity, often referred to as the maxillary sinus . PALATINE BONE The palatine bones are responsible for contributing to the shape of the rear third of the roof of the mouth, a portion of the orbits, as well as a portion of the nasal cavity. The hard palate is made up in part by the horizontal plates of the palatine bone. The palatine foramen is located at the posterior angle and contributes to the formation of the greater palatine foramen which allows passage for the greater palatine nerve as well as the palatine vessels. The lesser palatine foramina follow the greater palatine foramina, creating a passageway which allows the lesser palatine nerves to pass through. PALATINE BONE DIAGRAM Image: Palatine Bone ZYGOMATIC BONE The zygomatic bones are commonly called the cheekbones, and they are responsible for forming the lateral contour of the facial structure. The zygomatic arch is formed by the meeting of the zygomatic process as well as temporal process which extends to meet with the zygomatic process. The lateral ridge of the orbit is also formed in part by the zygomatic bones. The zygomatic nerves and vessels are permitted passage through the zygomaticofacial foramen, which is on the surface of the bone. ZYGOMATIC BONE DIAGRAM Image: Zygomatic Bone LACRIMAL BONE The lacrimal bones are thin bones that form the anterior portion of the medial walls of the individual orbits. These bones serve as structural additions for the eye sockets. The tiniest of all the facial bones, each individual lacrimal bone contains a groove that assists in forming the nasolacrimal canal. This groove is known as lacrimal sulcus. The nasolacrimal canal is the passageway in the facial bones which allows the tears from the eye to drain into the nasal cavity. LACRIMAL BONE DIAGRAM Image: Lacrimal Bone NASAL BONE At the midline, in nearly the center of the facial structure, a small triangular formation of nasal bones forms the basic structure for the nose. The bones do not extend fully forward, as most of the nose is constructed from cartilage, however this bone formation lays the foundation for the cartilage to extend from as well as forms a solid structured opening to allow for an airway. The nasal bones simply support the plates of cartilage which form the nose. Fractures to the nose are often fractures of the cartilage as it is very difficult to experience impact that would break the nasal bones. NASAL BONE DIAGRAM Image: Nasal Bone INFERIOR NASAL CONCHA The fragile bones in the shape of a scroll that reside in the lateral walls of the nasal cavity are covered in mucous membranes in order to help warm and moisten the oxygen inhaled through the nostrils. The inferior nasal choncha are similar to the other concha, but are smaller and project horizontally and medially from the walls of the nasal cavity. They protrude below both the superior and middle nasal conchae of which belong to the ethmoid bone . All three sets of concha bones cleanse the air as it enters the nasal cavity. INFERIOR NASAL CONCHA DIAGRAM Image: Inferior Nasal Concha VOMER The vomer is one of only two bones in the face that is a solitary bone, lacking an identical, opposing bone on the opposite side of the face. Forming the lower section of the septum, this bone is flat and nearly paper thin. In conjunction with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, it is responsible for assisting in the support of the septal cartilage. The septal cartilage is part of the formation of the front and inside portions of the nasal septum. VOMER DIAGRAM Image: Vomer MANDIBLE The mandible is the largest of all the facial bones and is the only bone of the facial bones that has the ability of movement. The mandible is able to create movement such as this through two joints which attach it to the skull known as temporomandibular joints. The body of the mandible, which is comprised of the front and sides, creates the shape of a horseshoe. Two rami extend from the mandible at the exterior portion. Each individual ramus contains a knoblike condylar processes that are located reside at the superior margin. The condylar process meets the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone . A pointed coronoid process extends to allow for attachment of the temporalis muscle. The mandibular notch is the depressed area that exists between the two processes. At the corner of the jaw, where the vertical ramus and the horizontal body meet, is the angle of the mandible. MANDIBLE DIAGRAM Image: Mandible Two sets of foramina, the mental foramen and the mandibular foramen, allow for the passage of nerves. The mental foramen is located on the mandible at the anterolateral aspect of the body of the mandible. This is located before the first molar. The mandibular foramen is located on the medial surface of the ramus. The mental foramen allows the passage of the mental nerve and the mandibular foramen allows for passage of the inferior alveolar nerves and vessels. There are a variety of muscle which attach from the skull to the mandible to allow for the movement of the jaw. The mandible is design to hold the 16 lower teeth that align with the 16 upper teeth supported by the skull.	i don't know
Which romantic film directed by David Lean is set in World War 2 and based in and around Milford railway station?	69 Must-See British Films 69 Must-See British Films 69 British Films you must see before you die! Compiling any film related list is never an exact science and no doubt to some we’ve left out some real stonkers! But as always it’s all about opinions and we’d love to hear yours. If you want to tell us your best British drama films email us at [email protected] Out of the 69 British drama films the top director with four entries is David Lean and if we had been able to include Dr Zhivago as a British film production he would have had five entries. Runners-up with 3 entries a piece are Ken Loach and the legendry Stanley Kubrick, followed by Steve McQueen, Shane Meadows, Neil Jordan, Mike Leigh, Michael Powell, Lynne Ramsay, Danny Boyle, Carol Reed, Anthony Minghella, John Boorman and Andrea Arnold all with two entries respectively. All 69 British drama films add up to a total of 8148 minutes or 5 days, 15 Hours and 47 minutes of footage, giving an average film length of 118 minutes. The longest being Lawrence of Arabia at a whopping 216 minutes, leaving David Lean’s 86 minute romance a real ‘Brief Encounter’. 69) Red Road (2006) dr. Andrea Arnold 113mins Cert 18 Jackie (Katie Dickie) works as a CCTV operator in Glasgow. Each day she watches over a small part of the world, protecting the people living their lives under her gaze. One day a man appears on her monitor, whom she thought she would never see again, whom she never wanted to see again. Now that she has no choice, she is compelled to confront him. A deeply heartfelt British film that deservedly garnered Arnold the Prix du Jury prize at Cannes, Red Road is a raw but beautifully observed account of tragedy, grief and atonement. 68) The Flying Scotsman (2006) dr. Douglas Mackinnon 96mins Cert PG Based on a remarkable true story, THE FLYING SCOTSMAN is an out-and-out inspirational, against-all-odds, crowd pleasing British film, which follows the turbulent life of cyclist Graeme Obree, who broke the World One Hour record on a bike of his own revolutionary design, constructed out of scrap metal... Determined to have a normal family life once his mother gets out of prison, a Scottish teenager from a tough background sets out to raise the money for a home. 66) Ratcatcher (1999) dr. Lynne Ramsay 94mins Cert 15 Set in Glasgow during the mid 70s, Ratcatcher is seen through the eyes of twelve-year-old James Gillespie (William Eadie), a young boy haunted by a secret. Feeling increasingly distant from his family, his only escape comes with the discovery of a new housing development on the outskirts of town where he has the freedom to lose himself in his own world. 65) Tryannosaur (2011) dr. Paddy Considine 92mins Cert 18 It follows the story of two lonely, damaged people brought together by circumstance. Joseph (Peter Mullan, WAR HORSE, NEDS) is an unemployed widower, drinker, and a man crippled by his own volatile temperament and furious anger. Hannah (Olivia Colman, HOT FUZZ, PEEP SHOW) is a Christian worker at a charity shop, a respectable woman who appears wholesome and happy. When the pair are brought together, Hannah appears as Joseph’s potential saviour, someone who can temper his fury and offer him warmth, kindness and acceptance.As their story develops Hannah’s own secrets are revealed — her relationship with husband James (Eddie Marsan, HAPPY GO LUCKY, SHERLOCK HOLMES) is violent and abusive — and as events spiral out of control, Joseph becomes her source of succour and comfort. 64) Fish Tank (2009) dr. Andrea Arnold 123mins Cert 15 A powerful and contemporary coming of age British film, from the director of Red Road. Fish Tank is the story of Mia (Katie Jarvis), a volatile 15-year-old, who is always in trouble and who has become excluded from school and ostracised by her friends. One hot summer's day her mother (Keirston Wareing) brings home a mysterious stranger called Connor (Michael Fassbender) who promises to change everything and bring love into all their lives. Touching on the themes of her Academy Award® winning short Wasp, Fish Tank is an original and unsettling tale for our age. 63) Excalibur (1981) dr. John Boorman 140mins Cert 15 The legend of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table receives its most impressive screen treatment in Excalibur, from visionary movie maker John Boorman. All the elements of Sir Thomas Malory's classic Le Morte D'Arthur are here: Arthur removing the sword Excalibur from the stone; the Round Table's noble birth and tragic decline; the heroic attempts to recover the Holy Grail; and the shifting balance of power between wily wizard Merlin and evil sorceress Morgana. With Patrick Stewart, Gabriel Byrne and Liam Neeson in notable early screen roles, Excalibur serves up, as The New Yorker's Pauline Kael wrote, "one lush, enraptured scene after another". 62) Hope and Glory (1987) dr. John Boorman 113mins Cert 15 Beginning just before the start of the Second World War, the film tells the story of the Rowan family: Bill, his sisters Sue and Dawn, and his parents Grace and Clive, living in a suburb of London. After the war starts, Clive joins the army, leaving Grace alone to watch over the children. Seen through the eyes of 10-year-old Bill, the "fireworks" provided by the Blitz every night are as exciting as they are terrifying. His family do not see things in quite the same way as the bombs continue to drop, but their will to survive brings them closer together. The nightly raids do not provide the only drama, however, as his older sister, Dawn, falls for a Canadian soldier, becomes pregnant and finding her life turned upside down, soon discovers the value of her family. The family eventually moves to the Thames-side home of Grace's parents when their house burns down (not in an air raid, but in an ordinary fire). This provides an opportunity for Bill to spend more time with his curmudgeonly grandfather. 61) Nil by Mouth (1997) dr. Gary Oldman 128mins Cert 18 In a working class London district lives Raymond, his wife Valerie, her brother Billy, Valerie and Billy's mother Janet, and their grandmother Kath. Billy is a drug addict whom Raymond kicks out. The family is dysfunctional due to Raymond's short temper and violent outbursts. This hard hitting British drama contains 41 uses of the word cunt and 428 uses of the word Fuck. 60) This is England (2006) dr. Shane Meadows 118mins Cert 18 This is England tells the story of Shaun, an 11-year-old kid growing up without a father in the north of England. Set during the summer holidays of 1983, we chart his rights of passage from shaggy haired ruffian grieveing the loss of his father, into a shaven headed thug who's anger and pain are embraced by the local skinhead fraternity and ultimately the National Front. With a shell for a mother and no father to guide him, Shaun seems set for certain destruction. 59) Shallow Grave (1994) dr. Danny Boyle 92mins Cert18 Gory British thriller set in Edinburgh and produced by the team responsible for 'Trainspotting'. Three yuppie flatmates (Kerry Fox, Christopher Eccleston and Ewan McGregor) advertise for a fourth person to join them in their swanky apartment. They end up with a mysterious man (Keith Allen) who promptly dies in his bed of a drug overdose, leaving a million pounds cash in a suitcase under his bed. The greedy threesome then agrees to dispose of the body and keep the loot. However, this means cutting off the hands and feet of the body, smashing the teeth, and finally burying it in the woods. They also ignore the rightful owners of the money, remaining unaware that those owners are, along with the police, hot on their trail. Hunger stars Michael Fassbender as Bobby Sands, the Irish Republican activist who led the 1981 prison hunger strike and participated in the "dirty" strike in which Republican prisoners tried to win political status... 57) My Name is Joe (1998) dr. Ken Loach 105mins Cert 15 Another hard-hitting British drama from Ken Loach. Recovering alcoholic Joe Kavanagh (Peter Mullan) is out of work, but spends his time coaching the local football team. When he goes to pick up team member Liam (David McKay), he meets social worker Sarah Downie (Louise Goodall). Although they clash at first, the pair are soon involved in a relationship. Joe learns from Sarah that Liam and his wife, Sabine (Annemarie Kennedy), owe money to local gangster McGowan (David Hayman). In an attempt to help Liam pay off his debt, Joe agrees to do three drugs runs for McGowan. However, his relationship with Sarah suffers when she finds out what he has done. 56) The Magdalene Sisters (2002) dr. Peter Mullan 119mins Cert 15 The triumphant story of three extraordinary women whose courage to defy a century of injustice would inspire a nation. While women’s liberation sweeps the globe, in 1960s Ireland four “fallen” women are stripped of their liberty and dignity and condemned to indefinite servitude in the Magdalene Laundries, where they’ll work to atone for their “sins.” A chronicle of John Lennon's first years, focused mainly in his adolescence and his relationship with his stern aunt Mimi, who raised him, and his absentee mother Julia, who re-entered his life at a crucial moment in his young life. 54) A Field in England (2013) dr. Ben Wheatley 90mins Cert 15 England during the English Civil War. A small group of deserters flee from a raging battle through an overgrown field. They are captured by two men: O'Neil and Cutler. O'Neil (Michael Smiley), an alchemist, forces the group to aid him in his search to find a hidden treasure that he believes is buried in the field. Crossing a vast mushroom circle, which provides their first meal, the group quickly descend into a chaos of arguments, fighting and paranoia, and, as it becomes clear that the treasure might be something other than gold, they slowly become victim to the terrifying energies trapped inside the field. 53) The Crying Game (1992) dr. Neal Jordan 118mins Cert 18 An unlikely kind of friendship develops between Fergus, an Irish Republican Army volunteer, and Jody, a kidnapped British soldier lured into an IRA trap by Jude, another IRA member. When the hostage-taking ends up going horribly wrong, Fergus escapes and heads to London, where he seeks out Jody's lover, a hairdresser named Dil. Fergus adopts the name "Jimmy" and gets a job as a day laborer. He also starts seeing Dil, who knows nothing about Fergus' IRA background. But there are some things about Dil that Fergus doesn't know. 52) Scum (1979) dr. Alan Clarke 98mins Cert 18 Scum is a 1979 British crime drama film directed by Alan Clarke, portraying the brutality of life inside a British borstal. The script was originally made for the BBC's Play for Today strand in 1977, however due to the violence depicted, it was withdrawn from broadcast. Two years later, director Alan Clarke and scriptwriter Roy Minton remade it as a film, first shown on Channel 4 in 1983. By this time the borstal system had been reformed and eventually allowed the original TV version to be aired. 51) Secrets & Lies (1996) dr. Mike Leigh 136mins Cert 15 Leigh's modern British classic captured a brace of Oscar nominations and racked up a considerable number of awards. The story, every bit as believable and real as the rest of Leigh's work, centres on Cynthia Purley (Blethyn ), whose mid-life crisis is exacerbated by the appearance on the scene of the daughter she gave away at birth, the wonderfully named Hortense Cumberbatch (Baptiste) - a young, beautiful, professional black woman who causes a few eyebrows to be raised in the family, and forces Cynthia to come to terms with her past. 50) Pure (2002) dr. Gillies MacKinnon 96mins Cert 18 Social realist British drama set on a West London housing estate directed by Gillies MacKinnon ('Regeneration', 'Hideous Kinky'). Ten-year-old Paul (Harry Eden) is struggling to hold his family together in the wake of his father's sudden death. His mother, Mel (Molly Parker) is a heroin addict, and an opening scene shows Paul preparing the drug for her and handing her the syringe as she apologises for forgetting his birthday. Things get worse still when Mel turns to an old friend, Lenny (David Wenham) for consolation. Lenny is the main drug dealer in the area and has many other demands on his time, including his pregnant girlfriend Louise (Keira Knightley), a crack addict. Mel's behaviour grows increasingly unstable, and when the police start investigating the drugs scene in the local area, Paul realises it's time he took matters into his own hands for himself and his younger brother, Lee (Vinni Hunter). 49) In America (2002) dr. Jim Sheridan 105mins Cert 15 Moving British family drama directed by Jim Sheridan ('My Left Foot', 'In the Name of the Father'). Young Irish actor Johnny Sullivan (Paddy Considine) smuggles his wife Sarah (Samantha Morton) and two young daughters Christy and Ariel (played by sisters Sarah and Emma Bolger) into America via Canada in the hope of jump-starting his career in New York. The couple have another, sadder reason for uprooting the family from their home in Ireland: they are mourning the recent death of their third child, a toddler son. However, despite their hopes of starting anew, New York initially turns out to be a less welcoming place than they had hoped - and the strains of poverty and city living soon start to take their toll on the tender, bereaved family. 48) Shame (2011) dr. Steve McQueen 101mins Cert 18 Brandon is a 30-something man living in New York who is unable to manage his sex life. After his wayward younger sister moves into his apartment, Brandon's world spirals out of control. From director Steve McQueen ("Hunger"), Shame is a compelling and timely examination of the nature of need, how we live our lives and the experiences that shape us. 47) Whistle Down the Wind (1961) dr. Bryan Forbes 99mins Cert U A man (Alan Bates) on the run for murder hides out at a nearby barn. Through a series of bizarre twists he is discovered by three children (Hayley Mills, Diane Holgate and Alan Barnes), who believe they have stumbled across Jesus and attempt to keep him hidden from the grown-ups. Based on the novel by Hayley Mill's mother, Mary Hayley Bell. 46) The Last King of Scotland (2006) dr. Kevin Macdonald 123mins Cert 15 In an incredible twist of fate, a Scottish doctor (James McAvoy) on a Ugandan medical mission becomes irreversibly entangled with one of the world's most barbaric figures: Idi Amin (Forest Whitaker). Impressed by Dr. Garrigan's brazen attitude in a moment of crisis, the newly self-appointed Ugandan President Amin hand picks him as his personal physician and closest confidante. Though Garrigan is at first flattered and fascinated by his new position, he soon awakens to Amin's savagery - and his own complicity in it. Horror and betrayal ensue as Garrigan tries to right his wrongs and escape Uganda alive. 45) Naked (1993) dr. Mike Leigh 131mins Cert 18 A cynical and pessimistic Manchester drifter, Johnny (David Thewlis), arrives in London, afflicting his ex-girlfriend and her flatmate with an unsolicited visit. When he isn't having rough sex with the roommate or pestering the night watchman at a sterile, modern office complex, he berates his ex for her bourgeois urban tendencies. Leigh's portrait of a deteriorating world at the end of the twentieth century is an intense drama, which packs an even greater punch due to Thewlis's stunning performance as the bitter Johnny. In the post-war, pre-Beatles London suburbs, a bright schoolgirl is torn between studying for a place at Oxford and the rather more exciting alternative offered to her by a charismatic older man. 43) Control (2007) dr. Anton Corbijn 122mins Cert 15 Control tells the story of Ian Curtis, the lead singer of the influential late Seventies band Joy Division and the music, relationships and events that lead up to his suicide. The members of Joy Divison later regrouped to form New Order. 42) Chariots of Fire (1981) dr. Hugh Hudson 124mins Cert U Winner of four Academy Awards® (including Best Picture), this internationally acclaimed British film recounts the poignant true story of two British sprinters vying for gold in the 1924 Paris Olympic Games. Harold Abrahams (Ben Cross), a driven athlete of Jewish ancestry, runs to overcome prejudice and to achieve personal fame; his rival, Eric Liddell (Ian Charleson), a devout Scottish missionary, competes for the glory of God. An inspirational story of spirit and strength in the face of enormous odds, the film combines the finest elements of athletic competition and human drama to create a compelling and timeless cinematic classic. 41) Watership Down (1978) dr. Martin Rosen 101mins Cert U Watership Down is a 1978 British animated adventure drama film written, produced and directed by Martin Rosen and based on the book of the same name by Richard Adams. It was financed by a consortium of British financial institutions. Originally released on 19 October 1978, the film was an immediate success and it became the sixth most popular film of 1979 at the British box office.[1] It was one of the first animated feature films to be presented in Dolby. 40) Black Narcissus (1947) dr. Michael Powell 100mins Cert U A classic Powell/Pressburger tale of sexual awakening based on the Rumer Godden novel. A group of British nuns are sent into the Himalayas to set up a mission in what was once the harem's quarters of an ancient palace. The clear mountain air, the unfamiliar culture and the unbridled sensuality of a young prince (Sabu) and his beggar-girl lover (Jean Simmons) begin to play havoc with the nuns' long-suppressed emotions. Whilst the young Mother Superior, Sister Clodagh (Deborah Kerr), fights a losing battle for order, the jaunty David Farrar falls in love with her, sparking uncontrollable jealousy in another nun, Sister Ruth (Kathleen Byron). 39) Brazil (1985) dr. Terry Gilliam 132mins Cert 15 In the future, a clerk at the all-powerful Ministry of Information sticks to his ideals and ends up crushed by the system in this half comedy, half horror story from former 'Monty Python' animator Terry Gilliam. Like Orwell's novel '1984', which it echoes, the future is seen from a 1940's perspective. Jonathan Pryce stars, with Robert De Niro making a cameo appearance as an excessively diligent sewage inspector 38) Kes (1969) dr. Ken Loach 110mins Cert PG British filmmaking showed much of its potential in this marvellous production chronicling the boyhood experiences of Billy, whose expectations lead no further than following his brother into the pit when he reaches manhood. Written off by his teachers and often neglected at home, his future is pre-determined. He finds and trains a young kestrel. Through his care and respect for the bird, we see qualities in Billy that the world cannot allow to be recognised. 37) Great Expectations (1946) dr. David Lean 118mins Cert PG David Lean directs this classic adaptation of Dickens's novel about a young orphan who develops 'great expectations' after a mysterious benefactor pledges to sponsor his transformation into a gentleman. Pip (Anthony Wager) is visiting the graves of his deceased parents when he finds himself confronted by an escaped convict, Magwitch (Finlay Currie). Unfortunately for Pip, Magwitch isn't the only frightening adult he becomes acquainted with. When Miss Havisham (Martita Hunt), an eccentric old woman still dressed for the wedding at which she was abandoned by her groom years ago, seeks a playmate for her charge, Estella (Jean Simmons), it is Pip who is sent for. The boy quickly falls in love with Estella, though his hopes seem forlorn due to the gap in social standing between the two. When an older Pip (John Mills) discovers that he has a benefactor, he feels that Estella may be won, but has he read the situation correctly? 36) The Constant Gardener (2005) dr. Fernando Meirelles 129mins Cert 15 Nominated for four Academy Awards, The Constant Gardener stars Ralph Fiennes and Academy Award winner for Best Supporting Actress Rachel Weisz. In this gripping suspense-thriller, a diplomat on the hunt for his wife's murderer uncovers a treacherous conspiracy that will destroy millions of innocent people - unless he can reveal its sinister roots. From the best-selling spy novel by John le Carre comes this edge-of-your-seat story of murder, deception and revenge that critics are calling " a hair-raising thriller with an unforgettable finale" (Karen Durbin, Elle). 35) Women In Love (1969) Ken Russell 131mins Cert 15 Best friends Rupert Birkin (Alan Bates) and Gerald Crich (Oliver Reed) spend much of their time analysing love, especially when they meet two sisters (Glenda Jackson and Jennie Linden). While Rupert loves then marries one of them, Gerald and Gudrun's relationship is not so straightforward. 34) We Need to Talk About Kevin (2011) dr. Lynne Ramsay 112mins Cert 15 Eva puts her ambitions and career aside to give birth to Kevin. The relationship between mother and son is difficult from the very first years. When Kevin is 15, he does something irrational and unforgivable in the eyes of the entire community. Eva grapples with her own feelings of grief and responsibility. Did she ever love her son? And how much of what Kevin did was her fault? 33) Dead Man's Shoes (2004) dr. Shane Meadows 90mins Cert 18 A blend of horror, the supernatural, comedy and social realism. Richard (Paddy Considine) has always protected his simple-minded younger brother, Anthony (Tony Kebbell), but when Richard leaves his rural Midlands' village to join the army, Anthony is taken in by Sonny (Gary Stretch), a vicious local drug dealer, and his gang of thugs. Anthony becomes the gang's pet and it amuses them to bully him and corrupt his innocence. Seven years later Richard returns for revenge. 32) Billy Elliot (2000) dr. Stephen Daldry 110mins Cert 15 Northern England, 1974. What's a poor boy to do? Billy's mam is dead, his brother beats him up for nicking his Marc Bolan records, his dad's worried about the strike, his granny's lost her marbles, the streets are full of riot police. And Billy wants to be a ballet dancer. 31) If.... (1968) dr. Lindsay Anderson 111mins Cert 15 Allegorical drama from director Lindsay Anderson in which a group of non-conformist students lead a revolt against their oppressive masters at an English private school. Parallels are drawn in the film between the bullying, inflexible and snobbish approach of the schoolmasters to their pupils, led by the rebellious Mick Travis (Malcolm McDowell), and the dysfunction and injustice of the British class system at large. As Mick and his gang of cohorts indulge in acts of petty disobedience, such as heading into town to try and seduce a local waitress, the school's acts of retribution, led by Rowntree (Robert Swann), become increasingly cruel and malicious. Finally, the students are provoked into open rebellion, the bloody nature of which shocked a number of commentators at the time and led to claims that the film aimed to provoke a violent uprising in society as a whole. 30) Cashback (2006) dr. Sean Ellis 102mins Cert 15 When art student Ben Willis is dumped by his girlfriend Suzy, he develops insomnia. To pass the long hours of the night, he starts working the late night shift at the local supermarket. There he meets a colorful cast of characters, all of whom have their own 'art' in dealing with the boredom of an eight-hour-shift. Ben's art is that he imagines himself stopping time. This way, he can appreciate the artistic beauty of the frozen world and the people inside it - especially Sharon, the quiet checkout girl, who perhaps holds the answer to solving the problem of Ben's insomnia. 29) A Matter of Life and Death (1946) Michael Powell 104mins Cert U Returning to England from a bombing run in May 1945, flyer Peter Carter's plane is damaged and his parachute ripped to shreds. He has his crew bail out safely, but figures it is curtains for himself. He gets on the radio, and talks to June, a young American woman working for the USAAF, and they are quite moved by each other's voices. Then he jumps, preferring this to burning up with his plane. He wakes up in the surf. It was his time to die, but there was a mixup in heaven. They couldn't find him in all that fog. By the time his "Conductor" catches up with him 20 hours later, Peter and June have met and fallen in love. This changes everything, and since it happened through no fault of his own, Peter figures that heaven owes him a second chance. Heaven agrees to a trial to decide his fate. ...A Matter of Life and Death ( USA: Stairway to Heaven ) 28) The Kings Speech (2010) dr. Tom Hooper 118mins Cert 12A After the death of his father King George V (Michael Gambon) and the scandalous abdication of King Edward VIII (Guy Pearce), Bertie (Colin Firth) who has suffered from a debilitating speech impediment all his life, is suddenly crowned King George VI of England. With his country on the brink of war and in desperate need of a leader, his wife, Elizabeth (Helena Bonham Carter), the future Queen Mother, arranges for her husband to see an eccentric speech therapist, Lionel Logue (Geoffrey Rush). After a rough start, the two delve into an unorthodox course of treatment and eventually form an unbreakable bond. With the support of Logue, his family, his government and Winston Churchill (Timothy Spall), the King will overcome his stammer and deliver a radio-address that inspires his people and unites them in battle. 27) Shooting Dogs (2005) Michael Caton-Jones 115mins Cert 15 April 6th 1994: a bloody genocide in central Africa gets underway. In just one hundred spring days, a million Rwandan Tutsis were massacred by their fellow Hutu countrymen and a small African country was turned into a charnel house. The barbarity was beyond imagination. But not beyond prevention. The UN was there, watching. Watching but not acting. And at the heart of it all a British priest and his young acolyte were forced to confront the depths of their faith, the limits of their courage and, ultimately, to make a choice. To remain with their people or to run away. 26) Goodbye, Mr Chips (1939) dr. Sam Wood 114mins Cert U This film was nominated for seven Oscars with Robert Donat, as the shy schoolmaster Charles Edward Chipping, winning Best Actor over Clarke Gable. Chippings is new Latin teacher at Brookfield School in 1870 who leads rather a mundane life until he meets and falls in love with Katherine (screen debutante Greer Garson) on a walking holiday in the Alps. She finally brings him happiness, but tragedy is looming for the beloved Mr Chips. 25) Notes on a Scandal (2006) dr. Richard Eyre 92mins Cert 15 The bitter, cynical and lonely Barbara Covett is a tough and conservative teacher near to retirement that is loathed by her colleagues and students. In the loneliness of her apartment, she spends her spare time writing her journal, taking care of her old cat Portia and missing her special friend Jennifer Dodd. When Sheba Hart joins the high-school as the new art teacher, Barbara dedicates her attention to the newcomer, writing sharp and unpleasant comments about her behavior and clothes. When Barbara helps Sheba in a difficult situation with two students, the grateful Sheba invites her to have lunch with her family. Sheba introduces her husband and former professor Richard Hart, who is about twenty years older than she; her rebellious teenager daughter Polly; and her son Ben that has Down's Syndrome. Barbara becomes close to Sheba, but when she accidentally discovers that Sheba is having an affair with the fifteen year-old student Steven Connolly. 24) Quadrophenia (1979) dr. Franc Roddam 117mins Cert 15 Director Franc Roddam has brought us an array of young British acting talents who bring back London's nineteen-sixties Mods and Rockers. Set against the soundtrack of The Who's 1973 mighty concept album 'Quadrophenia', Phil Daniels plays working-class Jimmy, the drug-induced Mod, who hates his job and is misunderstood by his parents. But by night, he comes alive, with the all-nighters, his pills and his scooter-riding friends. Always on a high, life can't get any better. Then there's the Brighton scooter run, where both Mods and Rockers converge, ending in the battle of the cults on Brighton Beach. What goes up must come down, and with Jimmy's come-down, his life is turned around, and so begins his downward spiral into paranoia and isolation, and the four-faceted mindset: Quadrophenia. With its extremely realistic language, violent overtones and classic sixties soundtrack, this illness is bound to be contagious. Come along for the ride. ...Quadrophenia 23) The English Patient (1996) dr. Anthony Minghella 162mins Cert15 Anthony Minghella wrote and directed this award-winning adaptation of Michael Ondaatje’s novel about a doomed and tragic romance set against the backdrop of World War II. In a field hospital in Italy, Hana (Juliette Binoche), a nurse from Canada, is caring for a pilot who was horribly burned in a plane wreck; he has no identification and cannot remember his name, so he’s known simply as “the English Patient,” thanks to his accent. When the hospital is forced to evacuate, Hana determines en route that the patient shouldn’t be moved far due to his fragile condition, so the two are left in a monastery to be picked up later. In time, Hana begins to piece together the patient’s story from the shards of his memories. 22) Oliver! (1968) dr. Carol Reed 153mins Cert U Directed by Carol Reed, Oliver! brought to the big screen a tremendous adaptation of Lionel Bart's hit Broadway musical. A brilliant cast and stunning choreography earned Oliver! Best Picture in the Academy Awards and The Golden Globe Awards and has since then proved itself as one of the best loved family movies of all time. 21) Barry Lyndon (1975) dr. Stanley Kubrick 184mins Cert PG Stanley Kubrick's lavish period drama based on the Thackeray novel. Redmond Barry (Ryan O'Neal) is an Irish country boy who falls in love with a well-to-do local girl (Gay Hamilton) and is subsequently tricked by her family into leaving town. Disillusioned with love, the brokenhearted youngster then embarks on an adventure which sees him serve in the Seven Years War, earn a living as a professional gambler, and eventually move into the higher ranks of society when he meets and marries the beautiful Lady Lyndon (Marisa Berenson). However, despite the luck which has brought him such riches, it is this final move, the cynical choice to marry for social advancement rather than love, which brings about Barry's downfall 20) Eyes Wide Shut (1999) dr. Stanley Kubrick 159mins Cert 18 'Eyes Wide Shut' is based on Arthur Schnitzler's 1926 novella Dream Story and was Kubrick's last film before tragically dying of a heart attack in his sleep at his St Albans home on March 7th 1999, just five days after showing Warner Bros. his final cut. The story, set in and around New York City, follows the sexually charged adventures of Dr. Bill Harford, who is shocked when his wife, Alice, reveals that she had contemplated an affair a year earlier. He embarks on a night-long adventure, during which he infiltrates a massive masked orgy of an unnamed secret society. 19) A Man for All Seasons (1966) dr. Fred Zinnemann 120mins Cert U Oscar-winning adaptation of Robert Bolt's historical play. Sir Thomas More (Paul Scofield) has to wrestle with his conscience when he is appointed High Chancellor to King Henry VIII (Robert Shaw). The King wishes More's support in his decision to divorce his wife, Catherine of Aragon, in favour of Anne Boleyn. When More refuses and resigns from his office, he falls foul of a plot by Thomas Cromwell (Leo McKern) to remove him permanently. 18) The Pianist (2002) dr. Roman Polanski 150mins Cert 15 Award-winning British drama telling the true story of pianist Wladyslaw Szpilman's experiences in Warsaw during the Nazi occupation. When the Jews of the city find themselves forced into a ghetto, Szpilman finds work playing in a café; and when his family is deported in 1942, he stays behind, works for a while as a labourer, and eventually goes into hiding in the ruins of the war-torn city. The film won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival and Oscars for Best Actor (Adrien Brody), Best Adapted Screenplay (Ronald Harwood) and Best Director (Roman Polanski). 17) Atonement (2007) dr. Joe Wright 123mins Cert 15 On the hottest day of the summer of 1935, thirteen-year-old Briony Tallis sees her older sister Cecilia (Kiera Knightley) strip off her clothes and plunge into the fountain in the garden of their country house. Watching Cecilia is their housekeeper's son Robbie Turner (James McAvoy), a childhood friend who, along with Briony's sister, has recently graduated from Cambridge. By the end of that day the lives of all three will have been changed forever. Robbie and Cecilia will have crossed a boundary they had never before dared to approach and will have become victims of the younger girl's scheming imagination, and Briony will have committed a dreadful crime, the guilt for which will colour her entire life. 16) Brief Encounter (1945) dr. David Lean 86mins Cert PG Based on Noël Coward's play 'Still Life,' Brief Encounter is a romantic, bittersweet British drama about two married people who meet by chance in a London railway station and carry on an intense love affair. Sentimental yet down-to-earth and set in pre-World War II England, the film follows British housewife Laura Jesson (Celia Johnson), who is on her way home, but catches a cinder in her eye. By chance, she meets Dr. Alec Harvey (Trevor Howard), who removes it for her. The two talk for a few minutes and strike immediate sparks, but they end up catching different trains. However, both return to the station once a week to meet and, as the film progresses, they grow closer, sharing stories, hopes, and fears about their lives, marriages, and children. One day, when Alec's train is late, both become frantic that they will miss each other. When they finally find each other, they realize that they are in love. But what should be a joyous realization is fraught with tragedy, since both care greatly for their families. Howard and Johnson give flawless performances as two practical, married people who find themselves in a situation in which they know they can never be happy. 15) Midnight Express (1978) dr. Alan Parker 121mins Cert 18 Oliver Stone scripts and Alan Parker directs this British prison drama, based on a true story. An American student (Brad Davis) is caught smuggling hashish and faces years in a Turkish prison. While his family at home attempt to have him freed, he undergoes hellish experiences in jail. 14) Children of Men (2006) dr. Alfonso Cuaron 109mins Cert 15 No children. No future. No hope. In the year 2027, eighteen years since the last baby was born, disillusioned Theo (Clive Owen) becomes an unlikely champion of the human race when he is asked by his former lover (Julianne Moore) to escort a young pregnant woman out of the country as quickly as possible. In a thrilling race against time, Theo will risk everything to deliver the miracle the whole world has been waiting for. Co-starring Michael Caine, filmmaker Alfonso Cuarón's Children of Men is the powerful film Pete Hammond of Maxim calls "magnificent ... a unique and totally original vision." 13) Cold Mountain (2003) dr. Anthony Minghella 154mins Cert 15 At the dawn of the Civil War, the men of Cold Mountain, North Carolina, rush to join the Confederate army. Ada has vowed to wait for Inman, but as the war drags on and letters go unanswered, she must find the will to survive while desperately struggling to hold onto her family’s farm. Inman’s long journey home takes him through the crumbling confederacy, as he meets people of all walks of life who both aid and hinder his mission. 12) The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) dr. David Lean 161mins Cert U When British POWs build a vital railway bridge in enemy-occupied Burma, Allied commandos are assigned to destroy it in David Lean's epic World War II adventure starring William Holden, Alec Guinness, Jack Hawkins and Sessue Hayakawa. 11) The Long Good Friday (1980) dr. John Mackenzie 114mins Cert 18 The Long Good Friday is heralded as one of the best British gangster films of all time, starring Academy Award® nominee Bob Hoskins (Mona Lisa) in his career-making role as London crime boss Harold Shand and Academy Award® winner Helen Mirren (The Queen) as his classy moll Victoria. Harold is enjoying the height of his power, and he is on the verge of a deal that which would make his current 'arrangements' small fry. But stronger forces than even he can control have moved in and taken over. Climaxing in one long bloody day of terror, an Easter Good Friday, he is to see his empire begin to crack and crumble. 10) The Third Man (1949) dr. Carol Reed 93mins Cert PG This classic noir mystery, from the team of Carol Reed and Graham Greene, is regarded to be the best filmwork of both of these extreme talents. The Third Man features Joseph Cotten as Holly Martins, a pulp novelist who has come to post-WWII Vienna with the promise of work from his friend, Harry Lime (Orson Welles). When he finds that Lime has just been killed in a questionable car accident, he decides to remain in the city to investigate his friend's mysterious death. The Third Man is a masterpiece of melancholia featuring extraordinary writing, acting, and directing, as well as a classic zither score by Anton Karas. 9) The Killing Fields (1984) dr. Roland Joffé 141mins Cert 15 When the Khmer Rouge captured the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh in 1975, many thought the killing would end. Instead it started a long nightmare in which three million Cambodians would lose their lives in the killing fields... The Killing Fields is an epic true story of friendship and survival produced by David Puttnam (Chariots of Fire) and directed by Roland Joffe (The Mission). Sam Waterston plays Sydney Schanberg, whose war coverage entraps him and other journalists in Cambodia's turbulent politics. Dr. Haing S. Ngor is Dith Pran, Schanberg's aide and friend who saves them from execution. But Pran is sentenced to work in the labour camps, enduring starvation and torture before attempting an escape to neighbouring Thailand.... In real life Dr Ngor also endured Khmer Rouge atrocities and saw his moving, Oscar-winning portrayal of Pran (one of the film's three Academy Awards) as a way of bringing his nation's tragic ordeal to light. 8) Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (2011) dr. Tomas Alfredson 127mins Cert 15 Set in the 1970s, TINKER, TAILOR, SOLDIER, SPY finds George Smiley (Gary Oldman), a recently retired MI6 agent, doing his best to adjust to a life outside the secret service. However, when a disgraced agent reappears with information concerning a mole at the heart of the Circus, Smiley is drawn back into the murky field of espionage. Tasked with investigating which of his trusted former colleagues has chosen to betray him and their country, Smiley narrows his search to four suspects - all experienced, urbane, successful agents - but past histories, rivalries and friendships make it far from easy to pinpoint the man who is eating away at the heart of the British establishment. 7) Walkabout (1971) dr. Nicolas Roeg 100mins Cert 12 While out on a picnic in the Australian outback with his teenage daughter (Jenny Agutter) and young son (Lucien John), a man goes insane and kills himself. The girl takes her brother into the outback in order that he doesn't see their father's dead body. There they meet a young Aborigine (David Gumpilil) who is on walkabout - a rites of passage ritual whereby he must survive in the wilderness for several weeks. He finds food and water for the siblings, and develops a form of communication with the young boy despite being unable to speak English. The girl, however, rebuffs the mating dance which the Aborigine performs in her honour. 6) The End of the Affair (1999) dr. Neil Jordan 102mins Cert 18 On a rainy night in 1946, novelist Maurice Bendrix (Ralph Fiennes) has a meeting with Henry Miles (Stephen Rea), husband of his ex-mistress Sarah (Julianne Moore), who abruptly ended their affair two years before. Bendrix's obsession with Sarah is rekindled as he succumbs to his own jealousy and arranges to have her followed. As the investigation progresses, Bendrix relives his passionate memories of their affair during The Blitz in London. He discovers her diary and reads her account of the affair. It is as different from his as night is from day. He re-enters her life and confronts once more the consuming love they had for each other and the reason for its annihilation. 5) Trainspotting (1996) dr. Danny Boyle 94mins Cert 18 Danny Boyle’s explosive British film tracks the misadventures of young men in Edinburgh trying to find their way out of joblessness, aimless relationships and drug addiction. Some are successful, while others hopelessly are not. Based on Irvine Walsh’s novel, Trainspotting melds grit with poetry, resulting in a film of harsh truths and stunning grace. 4) The Railway Children (1970) dr. Lionel Jeffries 109mins Cert U Starring Jenny Agutter as the oldest daughter of an Edwardian family thrown on hard times when their father is wrongly sent to prison. The Railway Children avert a train disaster, save an imperiled steeple chaser and reunite an exiled Russian with his wife, all with equal enterprise. Based on the novel by Edith Nesbit. 3) Gandhi (1982) dr. Richard Attenborough 191mins Cert PG Richard Attenborough's award-winning epic recounts the life and times of Mahatma Gandhi. In South Africa, a young Indian lawyer is booted off a train for refusing to ride second-class. Upon his return to his native India and fed up with the unjust political system, he joins the Indian Congress Party, which encourages social change through passive resistance. When his "subversive" activities land him in jail, masses of low-skilled workers strike to support his non-violent yet revolutionary position. Back in India, Gandhi renounces the Western way of life and struggles to organize Indian labor against British colonialism. A strike costs many British soldiers their lives, so the crown responds by slaughtering 1,500 Indians. Enraged, the ascetic, spiritual leader continues to preach pacifism until he has lead India out from under the tyranny of British imperialism. 2) Lawrence of Arabia (1962) dr. David Lean 216mins Cert PG David Lean's lush, Oscar-winning biopic stars Peter O'Toole as T.E. Lawrence, the Oxford-educated British army officer who aided the Arabs in their revolt against the Turks. Teaming up with Sherif Ali (Omar Sharif), Lawrence crosses a desert (considered uncrossable) in order to join two separate Arab tribes together as a single fighting force. Aiming to achieve Arab sovereignty, he wins a series of military victories but always keeps his eye on the larger picture, doing his best to prevent the subjection of the Arabs to British colonial rule. The film won seven Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Director. 1) A Clockwork Orange (1971) dr. Stanley Kubrick 136mins Cert 18 Stomping, whomping, stealing, singing, tap-dancing, violating, Derby-topped teddy-boy hooligan Alex (Malcolm McDowell) has his own way of having a good time. He has it at the tragic expense of others. Alex's journey from amoral punk to brainwashed proper citizen forms the dynamic arc of Stanley Kubrick's future-shook vision of Anthony Burgess's novel. Unforgettable images, startling musical counterpoints, the fascinating language used by Alex and his pals - Kubrick shapes them into a shattering whole.	Brief Encounter
In which year was the German battleship The Bismarck sunk by the Royal Navy?	Brief Encounter (1945) DVDRip (SiRiUs sHaRe) Torrent Downloads - download free torrents! Video : 3.96 GB, 6575 Kbps, 23.976 fps, 576*432 (4:3), XVID = XVID Mpeg-4, Audio : 34 MB, 56 Kbps, 48000 Hz, 1 channels, 0x55 = Lame MP3, CBR, ........................................................................................................................................ Have you really never seen Brief Encounter? What have you been doing all these years? You have a treat in store. I have a great love for British films of the 1940s. There seems to have been a great flowering of creative talent then, and the films of the period look beautiful, and have such wonderful characters in them. David Lean is more famous for his huge Technicolor epics, like Lawrence of Arabia, or A Passage to India, but Brief Encounter is his most moving film. It is shot in atmospheric black and white, and tells the story of two people who fall in love, in mundane little England. Celia Johnston plays Laura, a middle class woman who lives a happy but predictable life, who meets Dr. Alec Harvey, played by craggy Trevor Howard. There starts a doomed love affair, set to the sweeping romantic sounds of Rachmaninov's 2nd piano concerto. This single piece of music plays throughout the film, and stirs up exactly the right emotions. The film will make you want to own a recording of the music. Such is the power and influence of this film, that it has been remade a few times, and spoofed on countless occasions. It created the archetype for the romantic farewell on a station platform, with steam hissing from trains, and an orchestra playing in the background. Though this has been copied often, it has never been bettered. The film involves a few scenes on railway platforms, and some of these are mundane, others joyous, or despairing, wretched. The director uses many deft tricks to heighten the emotion all along the way. A simple tilt of the camera, or contrasting mood of another character, serves to add tremendous power to the emotion of the scenes. Times were different then. People were brasher, accents were stronger, and social attitudes to affairs quite different. The period of the film gives it much of its charm. It does not make it a cold study of a different culture, however. The film is very personal. The character of Laura's husband is hardly seen in the entire film, which means that we identify more with Laura's feelings. We see the affair and next to nothing else. Celia Johnson brings a great deal to the film. She is so likeable, and so able to express the misery that her new love brings her. Her manner of speaking is quite alien to a modern ear. In the 1940s, it was quite normal to add a Y sound to many words. "Hat" became "hyat". The accents are not forced, though - they come across as quite natural, and very likeable. This film would not be made this way today. The modern audience would demand younger stars, and nudity. See this film to witness how it was once possible to make films about love without bedroom scenes. Brief Encounter is very much stronger for lack of these. Stoicism and restraint are under-rated traits in modern cinema. Modern directors and writers would do well to remind themselves with this film, that a story can be given tremendous emotional power by techniques which seem to have been lost. ........................................................................................................................................ "Brief Encounter" is the perfect encapsulation of a very specific time in both women's and British history. The immediate post-WW 2 era in the UK was a period that saw Brits struggling with the disppearance of traditional social mores that had endured for over a century and the new world order that came about at the conclusion of the war. (For another, beautifully crafted cinematic example, see Neil Jordan's exquisite movie "The End of the Affair.") Food rationing was still in place in postwar Britain. Women were having to deal with getting to know their menfolk again, after their years of absence at war. Like their American "Rosie the Riveter" counterparts, British women had enjoyed newfound and unfamiliar independence during wartime, working for the war effort. And, like their US "sisters", they were expected to relinquish those jobs to returning men. "Brief Encounter" is, in many ways, a metaphor for the struggle that men and women were going through, stuck with having to conform to social expectations while bursting to escape to the greater independence glimpsed fleetingly and pleasurably during the war, when everything and everyone were turned upside down. Being the work of Noel Coward, that master observer of and commentator on English manners, "Brief Encounter" frames this struggle as a torrid love story bubbling under the surface of British reserve, which demands maintaining appearances at all costs, regardless of the personal pain involved. This passionate pair, who never even exchange a kiss, are constrained and ultimately kept apart by expectations--of their families, of their social positions, of Great Britain. When Alec puts his hand on Laura's shoulder at their final, unexpectedly truncated meeting in the station snack bar/waiting room, it's as erotic and far more touching than just about every sex scene you'll see in movies. ........................................................................................................................................ Certain songs, or melodies, associated with films one has seen, stay in our sub conscience forever. This is the case with the Rachmaninoff's Second Piano Concerto for this viewer. Any time we hear it, or parts of the main themes are played, it immediately evokes this romantic film of 1945. It's a tribute to its director, David Lean, that after more than sixty years, it still is one of the most cherished movie experiences for a lot of people that saw it, or that are just getting acquainted with it. "Brief Encounter" owes it all to one of the best talent in the English speaking world of the last century: Noel Coward. As part of his "Tonight at Eight" theater work, this one act play, "Still Life" was turned by its author and David Lean into what we know as "Brief Encounter", a bittersweet account of two lovers that is doomed from the start. The film works because the exquisite chemistry between its two stars, Celia Johnson and Trevor Howard. Both these actors make Laura Jesson and Alec Harvey come alive and stay with us every time we view this timeless film. The story is not far fetched and is made real by the two stars that elevate it to one of the best films of all times. The movie is done with an impeccable sense of decorum and style, yet it has such a sexy subtext. That was a time when a film didn't have to "bare it all" in order to catch the viewer's imagination. In fact, Laura and Alec let us know, without being specific, about the passion that both feel for one another. Celia Johnson was not a great beauty. Neither was Trevor Howard the epitome of handsomeness, yet, their scenes together project such a heat, as the one that their characters are feeling at any given moment. The fact the two illicit lovers are played by people one could relate to, is what makes the film resonate the way it does every time we watch it. Of courses, we realize this situation had no future from the start, yet, one keeps hoping their love will end well. The supporting cast is excellent. Stanley Holloway is seen as the station master Albert. Joyce Carey is perfect as the woman in charge of the refreshment area of the station where Laura and Alec spend some of their time together. Cyril Raymond makes Fred Jesson, a man who perhaps understand much more than what he lets know. Everly Gregg is seen as the chattering Dolly Messiter. "Brief Encounter" is one of the best films directed by David Lean, a man who was able to give the film the right tone and made it the classic that it is. ........................................................................................................................................ Carnforth station was chosen partly because it was so far from the South East of England that it would receive sufficient warning of an air-raid attack that there would be time to turn out the filming lights to comply with wartime blackout restrictions. On initial release, the film was banned by the strict censorship board in Ireland on the grounds that it portrayed an adulterer in a sympathetic light. The first choice for the Doctor Alec Harvey had been Roger Livesey, but when David Lean and Anthony Havelock-Allan saw Trevor Howard, in a rough cut of The Way to the Stars (1945) they decided to offer the part to Trevor Howard, who at that time was an unknown actor, who had been invalided out of the army. David Lean, Anthony Havelock-Allan, Ronald Neame and Noel Coward all wanted Celia Johnson to play the part of Laura Jesson. Johnson hated making films, but after Coward read the part to her in October 1944, she knew that she had to play that part. The screenplay was adapted and based on Noel Coward's 1935 short one-act (half-hour) stage play "Still Life". It was expanded from five short scenes in a train station (the refreshment tea room of Milford Junction Station) to include action in other settings (Laura's house, the apartment of the Dr.Harvey's friend, restaurants, parks, train compartments, shops, a car, a boating lake and at the cinema), This movie was David Lean's first Oscar nomination as director. Use of the Second Piano Concerto by Sergei Rachmaninoff was chosen for the film's soundtrack by Noel Coward. According to several Billy Wilder biographies, the scene in this film where Alec tries to use a friend's apartment in order to be alone with Laura inspired Wilder to write The Apartment (1960). related torrents	i don't know
Springfield is the home of the Simpsons, and is also the real-life capital of which US State?	Springfield's State \| Simpsons Wiki \| Fandom powered by Wikia In The Simpsons Movie , Russ Cargill goes to see "President Schwarzenegger". Arnold Schwarzenegger was the former governor of California. In the episode " Itchy & Scratchy Land ", The Simpsons family briefly has to stop at a Fruits and Vegetables Checkpoint, causing Homer to panic (as he was apparently smuggling Fruits and Vegetables as a side job). Fruits and Vegetables Checkpoints are a very common place in California. In the episode "C.E. D'oh", Smithers mentions that Mr. Burns is going to face trouble as the U.S. Government discovered evidence that Mr. Burns dumped nuclear waste into Legoland. The only Legoland that exists in the United States is in California, and most of the attractions seen were from the Legoland section Mini-USA, and it is also unlikely that Mr. Burns would travel a long distance just to dump nuclear waste. According to the episode "The Seven-Beer Snitch", there's a gas chamber in the Springfield prison. Only five states have a gas chamber as an option for capital punishment in their prisons: California, Arizona, Wyoming, Missouri and Maryland. This coupled with the fact that Springfield is located on an ocean and the sun sets on it seems to leave California as the only possibility. Although, in the Simpsons Jumbo Rain-Or-Shine Fun Book, there is a fill-in-the-blank story in which Lisa says, "There's a car with ____ strapped to its roof!" to which Marge responds to by saying, "They must be from California." Also there is a Waverly Hill which is a parody on Beverly Hill, in California. When Skinner drives Willie's car 2653 miles from Springfield to Orlando, if he uses conventional roads, it could put him in California, Oregon or Idaho. In "The Canine Mutiny", it is implied that medicinal marijuana is legal. At the time (the episode first aired in 1997), only California had legalized marijuana for medical use. The town square is based on the plaza in Arcata, California. Massachusetts In the episode "'Tis the Fifteenth Season", Homer buys an electronic astrolabe at Springfield Heights Mall. One of the astrolabe's screens displays what appear to be its current latitude and longitude. These coordinates (42° N, 71° W) point to Bridgewater, MA. Also there is a Springfield, Massachusetts and a West Springfield, Massachusetts. In the episode "Behind the Laughter" the Simpsons are explicitly referred to by the narrator as "this Western Massachusetts family." Also there was a contest for The Simpsons Movie to find out what the state the Simpsons were located in based on sates with had a town called Springfield, and that state would get to have the premier of The Simpsons Movie. The city that was picked was Springfield Vermont. Chelmsford MA is also referenced several times throughout the years. Springsfields' town hall is based on the town hall there and Zesty's Pizza which has been a landmark in the small Mass town for decades appears in the opening credits in a couple of episodes. Michigan In the episode " Duffless ", Homer's driver's license shows an address of "Springfield NT 49007". ZIP code 49007 belongs to Kalamazoo, Michigan. ("NT" is the postal abbreviation for the Northwest Territories of Canada, however.) From S4E16 "Duffless". Homer's license shows Springfield's state In the episode "3 Men and a Comic Book", Bart attempts to redeem a bottle deposit. The refund is a dime; only Michigan has a 10-cent deposit on bottles. However, in the episode Take My Wife, Sleaze , Chief Wiggum remarks to Homer "Well, uh, be that as it may, ah, the gang is wanted in eight other states and we have a little saying around here, let Michigan handle it." This dismisses the Michigan theory, as Wiggum is considered an expert on slacking off on his duties and leaving his work to be completed by others. In the Simpsons comics story "A Tale of 2 Pen Pals," Homer tells Bart he had a "foreign" pen pal when he was a boy, who was from Michigan. Nebraska In Burns, Baby Burns , Montgomery Burns's long lost son recognizes his father on a train but is unable to board it before it moves away. He asks an attendant standing on the final carriage where it is going and is told "Springfield". The son says: "Yeah, but what state?" The guard's reply is almost inaudible, but ends in the syllable "-aska". This suggests that Springfield could be in Nebraska or Alaska. But The Simpsons Movie rules out Alaska as they move there. Implying Springfield is located in Nebraska. Additionally, in the episode "The Springfield Files", Mulder tells Scully that there has been "another unsubstantiated UFO sighting in the heartland of America", referring to Homer's close encounter with an alien. Traditionally, "The heartland of America" is applied to Eastern Nebraska, where Nebraska's Springfield exists. Connecticut In the episode " Revenge is a Dish Best Served Three Times ", the Rich Texan on whom Homer wishes to seek revenge tells Bart that he and Homer have buried the hatchet because the two are both from Connecticut, (despite his name). It has previously been revealed that Homer was born in Springfield . In Treehouse of Horror XIII, when it is shown that the Homer clones will have spread across the entire United States, one of the faces in the first frame appears over Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island. Alaska In Burns, Baby Burns , Montgomery Burns's long lost son recognizes his father on a train, but is unable to board it before it moves away. He asks an attendant standing on the final carriage where it is going and is told "Springfield". The son says: "Yeah, but what state?" The guard's reply is almost inaudible, but ends in the syllable "-aska". This suggests that Springfield could be in Nebraska or Alaska. In another episode, Lisa says West Springfield is 3x the size of Texas. Alaska is the only state larger than Texas, so it has to be in Alaska. However, when offered free air travel to any US State, the Simpsons are told "except Alaska and Hawaii. The freak states." In "Catch'em If You Can", Homer is about to take a plane trip and complains about the airline of a previous trip. He exclaims, "What kind of an airline routes all their flights through Nome Alaska?". If they lived in Alaska, this is not so bad, if they don't live in Alaska, it is quite a long trip. In the Simpsons Movie, the Simpsons move to Alaska, which means that they don't live there. Virginia First frame of Homer Clones report Springfield has an Army base; Fort Myers, 12 miles away. It also has a nuclear power plant 80 miles away, in addition the State has 2 (albeit extinct) volcanoes. Springfield has Dulles International Airport, 27 miles away; and Richmond (the state capital) also has an airport. In Dancin' Homer , Capital City has a Second Best Western; Richmond has 4 Best Westerns. Virginia did not allow gay marriages at the time; it has been previously stated that the Simpsons' state does not allow gay marriages. Virginia has a Navy base and an Air Force base. In Treehouse of Horror XIII , when it is shown that the Homer clones will have spread through the entire United States, one of the faces appears in Virginia in the first frame. Possible suggestion that leads to the affirmation that Spring Field is in Virginia. Season 13 Episode 22. Fat Tony and the mob are headed to Homer's house in a cinematic view that shows Interstate 95 . If you use this as a basis, Interstate 95 cuts right through present day Springfield, Virginia. The state of Tennessee is the south (southwest) border of Virginia. Springfield is on the water of Potamic River, at Ft. Belvoir (now a museum). The Springfield CDP is recognized by the U.S. Census Bureau with a population of 30,484 as of the 2010 census. (Source: Mateo Bynumato avid Simpson's fan) Moe has mentioned that American Rock singer Dave Grohl was once mugged in Springfield. [8] Given that Grohl grew up in a place called Spirngfield in Virginia, this could be considered the correct state. Missouri In A Tale of Two Springfields , as well as the dubiously canonical videogame Simpsons: Hit and Run , it is revealed that Springfield's area code is 636. Missouri has this area code. The new area code, 939, is in Puerto Rico. Also, the Simpsons' address, 742 Evergreen Terrace is an actual address in Savannah, Missouri. In "The Simpson Movie", the town attempts to sneak out in front of Russ Cargil up a rope holding a bomb intended to blow up the town. The town raises an old KBBL radio tower up to climb toward the rope. According to the FCC, KBBL is located in Springfield, MO. In The City of New York vs. Homer Simpson , Homer tells the rest of the family, "...So if anyone asks we are sophisticated millionaires from the Ozarks." Springfield, Missouri is located within the Ozarks and is commonly referred to as the Queen City of the Ozarks. In Bart on the Road , Bart, Milhouse, Nelson, and Martin pass through Branson, Missouri on their way to Knoxville, Tennessee. Although it isn't the most direct path, it is possible to take 65 South straight to Branson Missouri and take 160 East to get into Tennessee and from there to Knoxville. In several episodes, Shelbyville has made an appearance as Springfield's twin city. Missouri has both a Shelbyville and a Springfield. However, Grampa Simpson has an inveterate, unexplained hatred of Missouri, implying that it is not his own state. That said, he also claims that Missouri represents the "last time I vote to admit a new state." Missouri was admitted to the Union in 1821, which would make Grampa over 200 years old, so all of his opinions on Missouri may be the result of his senility. South Dakota Based on the episode " Mr. Lisa Goes to Washington ", it is easy to argue that the Simpsons are from South Dakota. Midway through this episode we see Congressmen Bob Arnold offered and accepting a bribe from a logging company which wants to clear-cut " Springfield National Forest ." Congressmen Bob Arnold also poses for a photo shoot with Lisa Simpson (it is presumed that he takes part in the photo shoot to boost his popularity in his district – and that the only reason he is seeing Lisa is because she is from this very same district). After the photo shoot the picture is shown back in Springfield in The Springfield Shopper newspaper which Moe reads to Barney (additional evidence that Congressmen Bob Arnold is Springfield’s congressman). In response, Barney says, "If I ever vote it’ll be for him. (Belch)" The 'proof' that the Simpsons are from Springfield, South Dakota comes toward the end of the episode. An FBI agent, in a successful attempt to set up Congressmen Bob Arnold, poses as an “oil company" executive who wants to drill for oil in Teddy Roosevelt’s head on Mount Rushmore and offers Congressmen Bob Arnold a bribe to get permission to do so. Just so there is no confusion there is an amusing picture showing what this might look like. On the one hand, it would seemingly make sense to be bribing the congressman that actually represents the district which includes Mount Rushmore, thereby placing Springfield in South Dakota. However, South Dakota can also be ruled out since congressman Bob Arnold could be on a natural resources committee in congress and simply knows the lay of the land. Still this doesn't change the fact that the Simpsons are in Congressman Arnold's district. In the episode Kill The Alligator And Run at the end when the family are looking at the map they decide to visit North Dakota and Bart says he always wanted to see Mount Rushmore but is then told by Lisa that it's in South Dakota and we can clearly see from the map that the family are banned from the state. In the episode Poppa's Got a Brand New Badge , it is shown the Population of Springfield is around 30,000. Springfield, South Dakota has a population of is 792. Illinois In the episode Blood Feud , a thank you letter from Mr. Burns has a return address of "1000 Mammon Ln, Springfield" with scribbles following which could be construed as "IL, 22617". In one of the episode intros, where the screen zooms out of the universe from the Simpsons' house, it zooms out of Illinois, and there is a real city named Springfield in Illinois. There is also a real city named Shelbyville in Illinois, 63.6 miles away from Springfield, IL. This page also suggests that they may be from Springfield, IL. In Bart vs. Lisa vs. the Third Grade, when the satellite signal is emitting, it is coming from Springfield, Illinois. The public square found in the Simpson's "Springfield" is very similar to that of one in Springfield, Illinois. At the center of the square, is a statue of Abraham Lincoln, much like that of Jebediah Springfield. In one episode, an "Abraham Lincoln Squirrel" was found and murdered in Springfield. Illinois is considered Lincoln's home, and so this could widely encourage the Illinois theory. In Treehouse of Horror XIII, when it is shown that by tomorrow the Homer clones will spread through the entire United States, one of the faces in the first frame was in Illinois. Springfield, Illinois is located on Lake Springfield. There is also a Shelbyville in central Illinois, the same region of the state as Springfield. There is an Evergreen Court Lane in Springfield, Illinois. In the movie, Ned says that Ohio, Nevada, Maine and Kentucky all border Springfield. Illinois borders one of these states. Springfield has often been shown on a (presumed) ocean. Illinois does not border an ocean, but does in fact touch Lake Michigan, which could possibly appear similar to an ocean. This is also strongly suggested in Season 24; Episode 17, What Animated Women Want, when the camera rapidly zooms out of Springfield, showing that the city is probably near Chicago, definitely in Illinois. In season 7; Episode 16, Lisa the Iconoclast, when members of Springfield are digging up the grave of Jebadiah Springfield (looking for a literal silver tongue), Groundskeeper Willie tosses a shovel-full of dirt onto the eternal flame of Adlai Stevenson. Adlai Stevenson (likely referring to Adlai Stevenson II) was a former Democratic governor of Illinois and ran for president in 1952 and 1956. Utah In the episode Mr. Lisa Goes to Washington during the reading of the competition essays, a map of the United States is shown, and pans to different locations to show other competitors speaking. Just before Lisa is shown, the map shows the state Springfield is located in (signified by a Blinky on the map). The state is the north-western-most state of four states whose boundaries intersect at a single point. There is only one point in the United States where this occurs, and the northwestern of the four states is Utah. However in the episode Little Big Girl Bart and Darcy move to Utah to get married so it can't be in Utah. In the episode "Kill Gil: Volumes 1 & 2", the Utah Jazz of the NBA can be seen getting ready to play. Although, the Jazz could possibly be the visiting team. In the episode Radioactive Man, they are looking for a place to film Radioactive man. In a listing, Springfield is listen under "Film Utah". North Dakota In " Moe Letter Blues " Moe mentions moving to Springfield because its zip code on a calculator spells "boobs". This would mean the zip code is 58008, assigned to Barney, North Dakota. But, in Kill the Alligator and Run, the family says they are still welcome in North Dakota, Bart saying he wants to move to the Dakotas, proving they don't live there. Indiana In The Simpsons Movie , Flanders says that Springfield borders Ohio, Nevada, Maine, and Kentucky; Indiana borders two of those four states. Springfield has often been shown on a (presumed) ocean. Indiana does not border an ocean, but does in fact touch Lake Michigan, which could possibly appear similar to an ocean. West Virginia In The Simpsons Movie , Flanders says that Springfield borders Ohio, Nevada, Maine, and Kentucky; West Virginia borders two of those four states. New Hampshire The map at the end of Kill the Alligator and Run suggests that the Simpsons live somewhere in New England. The Southeastern tip of New Hampshire borders the ocean, and Springfield's proximity to the ocean rather than a lake is referenced in some episodes. When Homer goes to vote in the 2012 election, a Romney campaign banner reads "I Have A House In Your State"; though it's more likely a vague exaggeration of Romney's wealth, Romney did in fact own a house in New Hampshire at the time. New Hampshire also has a nuclear powerplant in the southern coastal region of the state. Wisconsin In Mother Simpson , Bart and Lisa look at Mona's driver's license and her name was Mona Simpson on the Wisconsin license. However, this could have been fake, as she was on the run from the police. Tennessee In Coming To Homerica , Milhouse states they are in Tennessee Titans territory as he and Bart walk past the Ogdenvillians, that have moved to Springfield, wearing Minnesota Vikings jerseys. Regions One of the couch gags (which cannot be considered canon) zoomed out and showed the Simpsons' house in Springfield, Illinois. While Springfield, Illinois has a Shelbyville 50 miles to the southeast, and a nuclear power plant 40 miles to the north-east, there has not been any indication that it is 'the' Springfield, and could be coincidental. However, The Simpsons does make an indirect reference to the Illinois city; in the episode where Homer is in a graveyard at night digging a plot, discarded dirt covers up the grave of Adlai Stevenson (a prominent Illinois politician and two-time US presidential candidate, buried in Bloomington, Illinois, 50 miles to the northeast). In the episode " G.I. (Annoyed Grunt) ", the Squeaky-voiced Teen quits his job to go work at "Jolly Tamale" which is a small but somewhat popular Mexican restaurant in Springfield, Illinois. The Simpsons' street, Evergreen Terrace , is a notoriously poor section of Springfield, Illinois. The couch gag sequence of The Simpsons episodes entitled " The Ziff Who Came to Dinner ", On a Clear Day I Can't See My Sister ", and " Eternal Moonshine of the Simpson Mind " again left the location of Springfield something of a mystery. The sequence featured a "zooming out" from the Simpson household to a satellite view, then a solar system view, and so on in a parody of the 1977 documentary short Powers of Ten. The sequence contained plenty of cloud cover, but put Springfield somewhere in the Midwest, probably near the Mississippi River (Iowa, or maybe Missouri). The latter location is also suggested in the episode " Lisa the Tree Hugger " in which Lisa tries to protect the oldest tree in Springfield. To do so, she climbs a giant sequoia tree to prevent a team from cutting it down. When looking down on Springfield she sees a structure resembling the Gateway Arch in St. Louis, Missouri (but also the Space Needle in Seattle, Washington) In the background, the Statue of Liberty in New York, and the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France can also be seen, along with a large river. It should be noted that the Eiffel Tower appears to be closer than the Statue of Liberty, which is impossible. In the episode " Marge vs. the Monorail ", Springfield Monorail salesman Lyle Lanley proclaims "I've sold Springfield Monorail systems to Brockway , Ogdenville , and North Haverbrook ! And, by gum, it put them on the map!" He then holds up a map of the U.S. where Brockway, Ogdenville and North Haverbrook are the only cities shown. Marge then later drives to nearby North Haverbrook (where everybody resents there being a Springfield Monorail there, despite the sign at the city limits saying "Where the Springfield Monorail is KING!"). The map shows North Haverbrook in the Midwest, approximately in Iowa. However, the same map shows Ogdenville in the southwest around the California-Arizona border, despite a later episode " Coming to Homerica " showing that Ogdenville is Springfield's neighbor. It should be noted that since the Springfield Monorail seller was a fraud, the map may not be accurate and made to make sure all three cities fit on the map. In the episode " Scenes from the Class Struggle in Springfield ", the Simpsons go to the Ogdenville outlet mall to get a new television. The sign in Springfield indicates that it is only '90 miles' to Ogdenville. When Lyle Lanley holds up the map, Ogdenville is in New Mexico and Brockway appears to be in South Carolina). In the episode " Mr. Lisa Goes to Washington ", when it is Lisa's turn to speak, it shows a map where Springfield is in "Illinois". In the episode " The Springfield Files ", Mulder tells Scully that there has been "another unsubstantiated UFO sighting in the heartland of America", referring to Homer's close encounter with an alien; so, for that episode, Springfield was presumably somewhere in the Midwest. Homer suggests that Springfield is within a state bordering the Great Lakes. He said: Oh, why did I take it the wedding ring off? ... Oh, right! To see if I could skip it across Lake Michigan. However, this is only slightly relevant - he could have been visiting the state at the time. The Simpsons address, 742 Evergreen Terrace , is an actual address in Savannah, Missouri. West of the Mississippi In several episodes the radio and television stations in Springfield use the call sign KBBL . All radio and television station call signs west of the Mississippi River, except for few grandfathered stations, begin with the letter K while stations east of the Mississippi River begin with the letter W. This implies then that Springfield must be west of the Mississippi River because its television station uses the call sign KBBL, television being non-existent at the time of creation of the K and W call sign system, unless the stations in question operate on a dual-license arrangement (an owner of a grandfathered radio station that later received a license for a sister television station), as in KYW-AM radio station and KYW-TV/KYW-DT television stations, in Philadelphia, KDKA-AM and KDKA-TV in Pittsburgh, both of which are in Pennsylvania, and WDAY-FM, WDAY-AM, and WDAY-TV/WDAY-DT in Fargo and WDAZ-TV/WDAZ-DT in Grand Forks, North Dakota. Also, when the Simpsons get to Delaware on a train, they pass the Mississippi River, meaning they live somewhere west of it. East coast Springfield, Massachusetts is referenced by the "Springfield Memorial Bridge" which separates Springfield from West Springfield in the cartoon and in Massachusetts. Another Massachusetts reference is that Mayor Quimby and his political machine have similarities to the powerful Kennedy family, including the mayor and his family's thick Boston accent even though Springfield, Massachusetts natives DO NOT have the famous New England accent. Of Simpsons writers and producers, more of them attended college in Massachusetts than any other state. A segment on WFXT revealed that Springfield's city hall is actually copied from that of Chelmsford, Massachusetts. This however, could simply mean nothing. The bridge could be a coincidence, and Quimby may not have grown up in Springfield. In the episode " Mother Simpson ", Homer discovers that the tombstone he always thought belonged to his mother actually belongs to Walt Whitman (causing Homer to pummel said tombstone and curse "Leaves of Grass, my ass!"). Walt Whitman is buried in Harleigh Cemetery, Camden, New Jersey. In the episode " Bart the Fink ", when Bart questions the local bankers about the check he gave to Krusty, a phone call is made to New York at 2:01 PM, then to Cayman Islands at 2:02 PM. Afterwards, a fax is made to Washington D.C at 2:03 PM, and Krusty is arrested in Springfield at 2:04 PM. The first three places are all in UTC-5 time zone when the Northern Hemisphere is in winter, when the episode was first aired. And assuming the sequence of events is meant to show how quickly the authority reacts to tax evasion, that would put Springfield in the North American Eastern Time Zone. In the episode " Lisa the Iconoclast ", it is revealed that settlers founded Springfield in 1796, which was before the Louisiana Purchase. Therefore, Springfield must be east of the Mississippi River. In the episode " Poppa's Got a Brand New Badge ", the character Fat Tony drives into downtown Springfield past a highway identification sign that very closely resembles United States Interstate signs, and bears the route number 95. The real I-95 is a major north-south route along the east coast of the United States. It should be noted however, that this was a parody of The Sopranos, which takes place in New Jersey, through which I-95 runs. However, The Simpsons cannot take place in New Jersey, as Homer and Bart must drive extensively to reach the Edison National Historic Site. In the episode " Old Yeller-Belly ", the Amish build a treehouse for the Simpsons, indicating that Springfield is in either Ohio or Pennsylvania. Also, Milhouse's mother mentions Mechanicsburg; there is a Mechanicsburg in both Ohio and Pennsylvania. There is a Springfield in Virginia through which I-95 runs; while there is no Mechanicsburg in Virginia, there are four communities named Mechanicsville. In the episode "Bart of War", a Mohican says his tribe's land stretched from " Krusty Burger to Gary's Waterbed Warehouse " while he indicated parts of Springfield. In one episode, "Bart's Comet", a comet is threatening to strike Springfield. Professor Frink devises a plan in which a rocket is fired at the comet. The rocket is shown being launched from the Springfield Armory , which was established in Springfield, Massachusetts during the Revolutionary War, and still exists as a historical museum.	Illinois
Which World Champion darts player has the nickname Darth Maple	Revealed: 'The Simpsons' live in Springfield, Ore. Revealed: 'The Simpsons' live in Springfield, Ore. By Michael Winter , USA TODAY Updated Mystery solved: The Simpsons are Oregonians. Homer, Marge, Lisa, Maggie and Bartholomew JoJo "Bart" Simpson reside in the Springfield that's in the Beaver State, The Simpsons creator Matt Groening tells Smithsonian magazine, AP tells us. Springfield, Ore. , is 100 miles south of Portland, Groening's hometown. "When I grew up, I realized it was just a fictitious name," he said. "I also figured out that Springfield was one of the most common names for a city in the U.S. "In anticipation of the success of the show, I thought, `This will be cool; everyone will think it's their Springfield.' And they do," he told the magazine. Groening's revelation wasn't news in the inspirational Springfield. "Oh, OK, we knew that," community-relations manager Niel Laudati told AP. Springfield, Ore., made a pre-emptive strike in 2007 when Groening toured for The Simpsons Movie . The "proud Oregonian" Groening gave "the real Springfield" a signed plaque . Here's what he said in a revealing interview with Smithsonian: OK, why do the Simpsons live in a town called Springfield? Isn't that a little generic? Springfield was named after Springfield, Oregon. The only reason is that when I was a kid, the TV show "Father Knows Best" took place in the town of Springfield, and I was thrilled because I imagined that it was the town next to Portland, my hometown. When I grew up, I realized it was just a fictitious name. I also figured out that Springfield was one of the most common names for a city in the U.S. In anticipation of the success of the show, I thought, "This will be cool; everyone will think it's their Springfield." And they do. You've never said it was named after Springfield, Oregon, before, have you? I don't want to ruin it for people, you know? Whenever people say it's Springfield, Ohio, or Springfield, Massachusetts, or Springfield, wherever, I always go, "Yup, that's right." Don't have a cow. We'll be scouting for reaction from some of the wannabe Springfields, so check back. Update at 7:37 p.m. ET: Ahead of the 2007 movie, USA TODAY held a contest to pick the the Simpsons' "real" hometown. The Springfield in Vermont beat its Oregon counterpart and rivals from 12 other states. BLOG: Pick the best Springfield Springfield, Vt., got 15,367 votes, about 6,000 votes more than the town's population, our sister paper the Burlington, Vt., Free Press reminds us. The namesake in Illinois was runner-up, followed by Oregon and Massachusetts. As a reward, Vermont's Springfield hosted the July 21 premiere at the Springfield Movie Theater on Main Street. No official reaction yet from The City Formerly Known As The Hometown of The Simpsons. PREVIOUS	i don't know
When the musical Chicago won the Best Picture Oscar in 2002 it was the 1st musical to do so since which 1968 film?	2002 Academy Awards® Winners Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron (2002) Treasure Planet (2002) Actor: ADRIEN BRODY in "The Pianist," Nicolas Cage in "Adaptation.," Michael Caine in "The Quiet American," Daniel Day-Lewis in "Gangs of New York," Jack Nicholson in "About Schmidt" Actress: NICOLE KIDMAN in "The Hours," Salma Hayek in "Frida," Diane Lane in "Unfaithful," Julianne Moore in "Far from Heaven," Renee Zellweger in "Chicago" Supporting Actor: CHRIS COOPER in "Adaptation.," Ed Harris in "The Hours," Paul Newman in "Road to Perdition," John C. Reilly in "Chicago," Christopher Walken in "Catch Me If You Can" Supporting Actress: CATHERINE ZETA-JONES in "Chicago," "Kathy Bates in "About Schmidt," Julianne Moore in "The Hours," Queen Latifah for "Chicago," Meryl Streep in "Adaptation." Director: ROMAN POLANSKI for "The Pianist," Rob Marshall for "Chicago," Martin Scorsese for "Gangs of New York," Stephen Daldry for "The Hours," Pedro Almodovar for "Talk to Her" This was the first year that the Academy Awards ceremony was broadcast in high-definition television. All five of the Best Picture nominees were released in the last two weeks of 2002 (December 18 or after). All of them were also set in the past. The most-nominated film of this year's Best Picture competitors, Chicago, with thirteen nominations, was also the Best Picture Oscar winner - and the film debut of choreographer and first-time feature director Rob Marshall. Chicago became the first musical to win the top honor since Oliver! (1968) - 34 years earlier. It marked the second-consecutive year that a live-action musical received a Best Picture nomination (last year's nominee was Moulin Rouge (2001)) - after a long spell of non-recognition for the genre - since Fiddler on the Roof (1971) and Cabaret (1972) were nominated back-to-back. Chicago won six Oscars from its thirteen nominations, mostly in minor categories: Best Picture, Best Supporting Actress (Catherine Zeta-Jones), Best Sound, Best Art Direction, Best Film Editing, and Best Costume Design. Its seven other nominations included three additional acting nominations (Best Actress, Best Supporting Actress, and Best Supporting Actor), Best Director, Best Adapted Screenplay (Bill Condon), Best Cinematography, and Best Original Song ("I Move On"). [Chicago tied the record set by Mary Poppins (1964) of 13 nominations for a musical. Chicago's impressive nominations-total tied with seven other films having the same honor: All About Eve (1950) and Titanic (1997) each had 14 nominations.] Chicago was a musical drama and a screen adaptation of the hit, mid-70s Broadway musical Chicago from John Kander and Fred Ebb, originally directed and choreographed by Bob Fosse, and revived on Broadway in 1996. The sexy musical extravaganza, based on a 1926 play by Chicago Tribune reporter Maurine Dallas Watkins, told a tale of mid-1920s murderous passion involving two cold-blooded, cell-block chorus girls (Renee Zellweger and Catherine Zeta-Jones) who became rivals for tabloid celebrity status and fame. The other four Best Picture nominees included: Roman Polanski's harrowing, semi-autobiographical, dark WWII non-documentary tale, The Pianist (with seven nominations and three wins including Best Director, Best Actor (Adrien Brody), and Best Adapted Screenplay) - an adaptation of Polish Jew Wladyslaw Szpilman's 1946 Holocaust memoirs, and the Palme d'Or winner at Cannes Martin Scorsese's historical epic Gangs of New York (with a total of ten nominations, but with only one acting nominee, and no Oscar wins), about Manhattan gang warfare in the mid-19th century the poignant, dramatic, literary triptych from director Stephen Daldry, The Hours (with nine nominations and only one win, Best Actress for Nicole Kidman) about three women's interconnected lives (via Virginia Woolf) over a period of over 75 years - a film adaptation of Michael Cunningham's 1999 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel by screenwriter David Hare the enormously-successful (the fourth-highest-grossing Best Picture nominee ever), epic adventure of the fictional Middle Earth from director Peter Jackson, The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (with six nominations and two wins, Best Visual Effects and Best Sound Editing) - the second film in the fantasy trilogy and only the third sequel to be nominated for Best Picture (the other sequels to be so honored previously were The Bells of St. Mary's (1945) and The Godfather, Part II (1974) - with a second 'sequel' of sorts, The Godfather, Part III (1990) which was also nominated for Best Picture!). Its predecessor, The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001) had 13 nominations and also won in technical categories: four similar minor Oscar wins for Best Visual Effects, Best Cinematography, Best Makeup, and Best Original Score. Two other films scored six nominations, although they weren't nominated for Best Picture: Frida (with two Oscar wins, Best Makeup and Best Original Score) and Road to Perdition (with one win, a posthumous one for Best Cinematography to Conrad L. Hall, his third Oscar.) [Hall was a 10-time Best Cinematography nominee who had previously won for American Beauty (1999) and Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969) .] Disney-owned Miramax Studios was associated with three of the Best Picture nominees: Miramax distributed Chicago and Gangs of New York, and co-produced The Hours (sharing the honors with Paramount). New Line released The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers , and Focus Features distributed The Pianist. [This year marked the last year of Miramax boss Harvey Weinstein's 11-year run of consecutive Best Picture nominees (from 1992-2002) - the longest streak for any studio since the Academy limited the number of Best Picture nominees to five in 1944. The streak ended with no Best Picture nomination for Miramax's Cold Mountain (2003).] In regards to the five Best Director nominees, an upset occurred when exiled fugitive (on a statutory rape charge of having sex with a 13 year old), 69 year-old Roman Polanski (with three Best Director nominations) took his first Best Director Oscar for the Holocaust drama The Pianist. In addition, with his win he became the oldest Best Director in Academy history, surpassing 65 year-old George Cukor for My Fair Lady (1964) . His previous nominations were for Chinatown (1974) and Tess(1980). The four other Best Director nominations included: Martin Scorsese with his sixth career nomination and fourth Best Director nod (with no wins) for Gangs of New York, after previous nominations for Raging Bull (1980) , The Last Temptation of Christ (1988), and GoodFellas (1990) . His three hour epic of Gotham City's Five Points was in the planning stages for over 25 years British director Stephen Daldry with his second Best Director nomination (with no wins), after a previous nomination for Billy Elliot (2000) Spanish film director Pedro Almodovar with his first Best Director nomination, for the quirky romance Talk to Her (with only two nominations and one win - Best Original Screenplay for Almodovar), although Almodovar had already won one Oscar, for All About My Mother (1999) - the year's Best Foreign Language Film Chicago's director Rob Marshall with his first Best Director nomination for the Best Picture winner Almodovar's Best Director nomination for an un-nominated Best Picture film (that was also not submitted as an official Best Foreign-Language Film contender) replaced Peter Jackson's expected spot in this year's slate. (Jackson had earned a Best Director nomination for the fantasy trilogy's first chapter last year, The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001) .) Before this year, the last time that all five Best Picture nominees matched the Best Director nominees was 1981. The winner of Best Animated Feature Film, the second year of the category's existence, was the magical, ecological-minded Japanese anime Spirited Away, created by legendary animator Hayao Miyazaki, who wrote and directed the beautiful and evocative cel-animated movie (the only traditionally-animated film to ever win the award). It was the first anime to win the Oscar in this category. It was also the highest-grossing Japanese film of all time. For the only time in Academy Award history, five animated films qualified for the category, and surprisingly, only one was completely or purely CGI (Ice Age). All of the performance/acting nominations were for compelling and rich performances. Chicago had four acting nominations (with only one acting Oscar win), and The Hours and Adaptation both exhibited great ensemble acting - each had three nominated performers (and each won one acting Oscar). Both Oscars for the lead and supporting actor categories were won by first-time nominees. The Best Actor category included a strong contingent of character actors, with four veteran Oscar winners and only one newcomer. Nominees Michael Caine and Jack Nicholson had both earned nominations for films in five consecutive decades. Except for Adrien Brody, all the Best Actor contenders had been nominated and won Oscars previously. The longshot winner was 29 year-old Adrien Brody (with his first nomination and first Oscar) for his sensitive role as Wladyslaw Szpilman, a gifted Jewish piano player in Poland who survives the Holocaust, in Roman Polanski's The Pianist. With his win, he became the youngest Best Actor winner in Academy history. The other Best Actor nominees were: 39 year-old Nicolas Cage (with his second nomination, after winning the Best Actor Oscar for Leaving Las Vegas (1995)) in a dual role as struggling, neurotic screenwriter Charlie Kaufman (the film's real-life scriptwriter) attempting to adapt Susan Orlean's non-fiction best-seller The Orchid Thief, and as his oafish identical twin brother Donald Kaufman, in director Spike Jonze's Adaptation (with four nominations and only one win, Best Supporting Actor) [Trivia note: Donald Kaufman is the first (and only) fictional person ever to be nominated (or co-nominated) for an Academy Award] Michael Caine (with his sixth career nomination, and fourth Best Actor nomination) in director Phillip Noyce's political drama The Quiet American (the film's sole nomination, with no wins) - an adaptation of Graham Greene's novel about the Vietnam conflict, as Thomas Fowler, a married but lovelorn, dissolute British journalist for the London Times reporting on the Indo-China conflict in the early 1950s, while keeping a young Vietnamese mistress. Noyce's film, although completed in 2001, was not released until 2002 due to the September 11th terrorist attack. [Caine already has won two Best Supporting Actor Oscars, for Hannah and Her Sisters (1986) and for The Cider House Rules (1999) and has yet to win a Best Actor Oscar.] Daniel Day-Lewis (with his third Best Actor nomination) [previously, Day-Lewis won his sole Oscar for My Left Foot (1989)] as the violent, knife-wielding, roguish William "Bill the Butcher" Cutting, head of the "Native Americans" Manhattan underworld ghetto gang who wars against Liam Neeson's Irish gang, the "Dead Rabbits" and Neeson's vengeful son Amsterdam (Leonardo DiCaprio) 16 years later in Scorsese's mid-1800's epic Gangs of New York 65 year-old Jack Nicholson (with his twelfth nomination stretching over a period of 34 years, and 8th Best Actor nomination) as retired, Midwestern (Ohama), widowed insurance salesman Warren Schmidt in director Alexander Payne's black comedy About Schmidt (with two nominations and no wins), who travels in his Winnebago to try and prevent his daughter from marrying a water-bed salesman. [Nicholson's twelfth nomination gave him the honor of being the most-nominated actor ever. He had already won three career Oscars (two were Best Actor awards, for One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975) and for As Good As It Gets (1997)). If Nicholson had won the Best Actor Oscar, he would have tied Katharine Hepburn's long-time record of four Oscar wins.] The Best Supporting Actor category also included both veteran and newcomer actors, only one of whom has ever won a Best Supporting Actor award (Walken). One of the nominees, John C. Reilly, also co-starred in three Best Picture nominated films: Chicago, The Hours and Gangs of New York. [This feat was first accomplished by Claudette Colbert in 1934, and then repeated by Charles Laughton in 1935 and Thomas Mitchell in 1939.] [Note: The first performer who had three appearances in Best Picture-nominated films in the same year was Claudette Colbert, in 1934: Cleopatra (1934) , It Happened One Night (1934), and Imitation of Life (1934). Charles Laughton also appeared in Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) , Les Miserables (1935), and Ruggles of Red Gap (1935) in 1935, and Thomas Mitchell appeared in three Best Picture-nominated films in 1939: The Best Supporting Actor winner was Chris Cooper (with his first nomination) as crusading, self-absorbed, garrulous, scraggly and almost toothless orchid lover/thief John Laroche in Adaptation. The other Best Supporting Actor nominees were: Ed Harris (with his fourth nomination and third supporting nomination, with no wins) as Meryl Streep's ex-boyfriend and AIDS-stricken gay patient and poet Richard Brown in The Hours [Harris was previously nominated as Best Supporting Actor for Apollo 13 (1995) and The Truman Show (1998), and as Best Actor for Pollock (2000).] 78 year-old veteran actor Paul Newman (with his ninth career nomination for acting - and his first nomination as Best Supporting Actor) as aging, Depression-era, Irish gangster godfather/boss John Rooney in Dreamworks' and Sam Mendes' Road to Perdition [Newman has won one Best Actor Oscar, for The Color of Money (1986). In addition to his performance nominations, he has one other nomination as producer for Best Picture-nominee Rachel, Rachel (1968).] John C. Reilly (with his first nomination) as Amos Hart, Renee Zellweger's put-upon, submissive, jilted and cuckolded husband in Chicago 59 year-old Christopher Walken (with his second nomination) as failed businessman Frank Abagnale Sr., con artist Leonardo DiCaprio's father in director Steven Spielberg's crime caper Catch Me If You Can (one of the film's two nominations) [Walken previously won the Best Supporting Oscar for his only other nomination, for The Deer Hunter (1978) .] According to reports, the average of this year's Best Actress nominees was 37 years - the youngest group of nominees since 1994. None of this year's Best Actress nominees had ever won an Oscar. The Best Actress category includes two repeat Best Actress nominees from the previous year (Nicole Kidman and Renee Zellweger) who both lost to African-American winner Halle Berry for Monster's Ball (2001). And the list of nominees included a double-nominee - Julianne Moore, who was also nominated in the supporting category (in two similar roles as an unhappy 50s housewife). [Moore's double nominations made her the ninth performer to have two acting nominations in the same year. Other years in which a female performer had been nominated twice for different films in the same year include: 1938, 1942, 1982, 1988, and 1993 (two actresses), and 1944 and 1992 for a male performer. If Moore had won in both categories, she would have been the first actress and performer to do so.] The Best Actress winner was 35 year-old Australian Nicole Kidman (with her second Best Actress nomination and first Oscar win) as Virginia Woolf, the troubled and depressed author of Mrs. Dalloway in The Hours. [Kidman was previously nominated for Moulin Rouge (2001)]. The other Best Actress nominees were: 36 year-old Mexican-born actress/producer Salma Hayek (with her first nomination) as iconoclastic, single-browed, fierce Mexican painter Frida Kahlo in director Julie Taymor's biographical drama Frida - Hayek's nomination is also a milestone - she is the first Mexican ever to be nominated for Best Actress [Mexico had a record number of nominations this year - including Best Foreign Film (El Crimen del Padre Amaro), Best Original Screenplay for Y Tu Mama Tambien, and Best Director and Best Original Screenplay for Talk to Her.] 38 year-old Diane Lane (with her first nomination for her 42nd film) as Richard Gere's cheating and anguished suburban housewife Connie Sumner in director Adrian Lyne's steamy erotic thriller Unfaithful (the film's sole nomination) 43 year-old Julianne Moore (with her third/fourth career nominations, with no wins) as frustrated 50s Connecticut housewife Cathy Whitaker who fails to act upon her impulse to cheat with black gardener (Dennis Haysbert) in director Todd Haynes' melodramatic Far From Heaven (with four nominations and no wins) [Moore was previously nominated as Best Supporting Actress for Boogie Nights (1997), and Best Actress for The End of the Affair (1999).] Renee Zellweger (with her second Best Actress nomination) as scheming, mid-20s, imprisoned chorus dancer Roxie Hart in Chicago [Zellweger was previously nominated for Bridget Jones's Diary (2001).] The Best Supporting Actress category included two competing performances from Chicago. It has been noted that three of the performances (Moore, Streep, and Zeta-Jones) in the Best Picture were not really supportive roles, but lead roles. The surprise winner was 33 year-old Catherine Zeta-Jones (with her first nomination and Oscar) as rival jailhouse murderess and high-stepping cabaret star Velma Kelly in Chicago. She became the first performer to win an Oscar for a musical since 1972, when both Joel Grey (in a supporting role) and Liza Minnelli (in a lead role) won acting Oscars for Cabaret (1972) . [It was the third time that a husband/wife had acting Oscars (husband Michael Douglas won Best Actor for Wall Street (1987)). The other previous winning couples were Paul Newman-Joanne Woodward, and Laurence Olivier-Vivien Leigh.] The other Best Supporting Actress nominees were: 54 year-old Kathy Bates (with her third nomination after one Oscar win) in a scene-stealing, hot-tub performance as free-spirited, bawdy Roberta Hertzel, the mother of the fiancee of Nicholson's daughter in About Schmidt (one of the film's two acting nominations) [Bates was previously nominated as Best Supporting Actress for Primary Colors (1998), and she won the Best Actress Oscar for Misery (1990).] Julianne Moore (with her third/fourth career nominations, with no wins) as depressed 50's LA suburban housewife Laura Brown in The Hours 32 year-old Queen Latifah (with her first nomination) as opportunistic, money-grubbing cell-house warden Mama Morton who sings "When You're Good to Mama" in Chicago the favored nominee - Meryl Streep (with thirteen nominations, and two Oscar wins in 1979 and 1982) as drug-snorting magazine writer and author of The Orchid Thief, Susan Orlean in Adaptation [This was Streep's 13th career nomination over a period of only 24 years (from her Best Supporting Actress nomination for The Deer Hunter (1978) to this nomination). [Streep's nomination made her the most-nominated or honored performer in Oscar history, surpassing the record of 12 nominations set by screen legend Katharine Hepburn, and stretching over a period of 49 years (from Hepburn's Best Actress win for Morning Glory (1932/33) to her Best Actress win for On Golden Pond (1981)). Streep has already won two Oscars: Best Actress for Sophie's Choice (1982) and Best Supporting Actress for Kramer vs. Kramer (1979).] This year's Honorary Oscar Award was presented to 70 year-old Peter O'Toole, "whose remarkable talents have provided cinema history with some of its most memorable characters," many of whom were among his seven Best Actor nominations (to date) - with no wins (a record!): Lawrence of Arabia (1962) , Becket (1964), The Lion in Winter (1968), Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969), The Ruling Class (1972), The Stunt Man (1980), and My Favorite Year (1982). He also appeared in Man of La Mancha (1972) and The Last Emperor (1987). His final Best Actor nomination (and loss), his eighth, was for Venus (2006). Oscar Snubs and Omissions: The offbeat films Adaptation (with only four nominations) and About Schmidt (with only two nominations) lacked Best Picture nominations, as did Catch Me If You Can, Road to Perdition, and Far From Heaven. There were no nominations for Denzel Washington's directorial debut film Antwone Fisher with a great performance by Derek Luke, and only one nomination for About a Boy (Best Adapted Screenplay). Best Director hopefuls without nominations included Peter Jackson for The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers , Sam Mendes for Road to Perdition, Alexander Payne for About Schmidt , Spike Jonze for Adaptation, Todd Haynes for Far From Heaven (although Haynes was nominated for his original screenplay), and Steven Spielberg for two films: Catch Me If You Can (with two nominations and no wins) and Minority Report (with only one nomination). [Payne was also unnominated as Best Director for other previous films, Citizen Ruth (1996) and Election (1999).] Not nominated for Best Actor (for a Musical or Comedy) was Golden Globe winner Richard Gere as tap-dancing lawyer Billy Flynn in Chicago. [If Gere had been nominated, it would have been his first nomination in a 25-year film career - and he stood a better chance as Best Supporting Actor than as lead actor.] And there was no Best Actress nomination for Nia Vardalos as thirty-ish and single Greek-American Toula in director Joel Zwick's hugely successful My Big Fat Greek Wedding, although actress Vardalos was nominated for Best Original Screenplay (the film's sole nomination). Although nominated in the Best Supporting Actress category, Meryl Streep was denied a Best Actress nomination for her performance as literary editor and party-planner Clarissa Vaughn in The Hours. TV star Jennifer Aniston was absent from the list of Best Actresses for her role as bored department store cosmetics clerk and wife Justine Last in The Good Girl. Two favored actors came up empty-handed in two films: Leonardo DiCaprio as charming crook Frank Abagnale, Jr. in Catch Me If You Can and as Amsterdam Vallon in Gangs of New York; and Tom Hanks as FBI agent Carl Hanratty in Catch Me If You Can and as hitman Michael Sullivan in Road to Perdition. Dennis Quaid, in one of his best career performances, was snubbed in the Best Supporting Actor category as Frank, Julianne Moore's closeted homosexual husband in Far From Heaven, as was Quaid's co-star Patricia Clarkson as Eleonor Fine (Moore's bigoted 'best friend') in the Best Supporting Actress category. Salma Hayek's co-star Alfred Molina, was omitted from the Best Supporting Actor nominees for his role in Frida as Diego Rivera, Frida's lover. And Michelle Pfeiffer's name was missing from the Best Supporting Actress category for her role as imprisoned, strict mother Ingrid Magnussen in British director Peter Kosminsky's White Oleander. Three other strong supporting performances were also omitted in these films: Toni Collette as frumpy Fiona (the mother of the 'boy') in the British film About a Boy, Edie Falco as Florida cafe and motel manager Marly Temple in John Sayles' Sunshine State, Maggie Gyllenhaal as abused secretary Lee Holloway in Steven Shainberg's Secretary, and Lupe Ontiveros as critical Latino mother Carmen in Patricia Cardoso's debut, coming-of-age film Real Women Have Curves. Miranda Richardson was also overlooked for her masterful performance in three roles (Yvonne / Mrs. Cleg / Mrs. Wilkinson) in David Cronenberg's horror film Spider. Two of the biggest blockbusters of the year were passed over or almost entirely neglected, except for their technical achievements: George Lucas' Star Wars (Episode II): Attack of the Clones (with only one nomination for Best Visual Effects), and Sam Raimi's Spider-Man (with two nominations, Best Visual Effects and Best Sound). And Gore Verbinski's chilling supernatural horror thriller The Ring (with no nominations), was neglected in many respects: Daveigh Chase as Samara, Naomi Watts as curious journalist Rachel Keller, Best Cinematography (Bojan Bazelli), Best Editing (Craig Wood), Best Sound/Sound Effects Editing, and Visual Effects. There was some talk of a nomination for the voice-over work and movement provided by Andy Serkis for an all-CGI and special effects character, Gollum, in The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers . Paul Thomas Anderson's Punch-Drunk Love (2002) (with no nominations) starring Adam Sandler should have at least had a screenplay nomination.	Oliver!
Which Canadian province consists of an island and a length of coastline, both of which have a breed of dog named after them?	OscarLytics: How Well Do the Golden Globes Predict the Academy Awards? \| Hollywood Reporter OscarLytics: How Well Do the Golden Globes Predict the Academy Awards? 8:00 AM PST 1/11/2014 by Ben Zauzmer COMMENTS NBC; A.M.P.A.S The Globe nominees point toward the eventual Oscar nominations, but when it comes to choosing its best picture winner, the Academy often doesn't follow the Globes' lead. Editor's Note: Ben Zauzmer is a big fan of the Oscars, as well an applied-math major at Harvard College. For the past two years, he has predicted the Oscars using nothing but math, calling 75 percent in 2012 and 81 percent in 2013. This year, he's teaming up with The Hollywood Reporter to bring you his Oscar predictions, as well as weekly updates, combining numbers and movies in the months leading up to the Academy Awards. Ben's predictions are purely math-based; see THR's Feinberg Forecast for a look at the Oscar race that takes into account other variables). The red carpet, Tina Fey and Amy Pohler, the stars -- there are plenty of reasons to watch the Golden Globe Awards on Sunday night. But for Oscar fans, the biggest reason to tune in will be to see what evidence the Globes offer about which movies will be nominated for Academy Awards -- nominations will be announced Jan. 16 -- and which movie will win the best picture Oscar on March 2. PHOTOS: Todd McCarthy's 10 Best Films of 2013 To answer that question, it's necessary to do a little math -- and to take a look back. The Globes -- which give out two best picture awards, one for drama and one for musical or comedy -- correctly forecast the Oscar winner last year by picking Argo for best drama. The year before, The Artist mimed its way to a best musical or comedy victory at the Globes, and it, too, went on to win the best picture Oscar. But before that, the Globes' predictive powers hit a two-year cold stretch, when Oscar champions The Hurt Locker and The King's Speech lost to Golden Globe drama favorites Avatar and The Social Network, respectively. As far as the Globes' predictive powers go, the high point for the Globes' musical/comedy category was in the 1960s, when the Academy looked with a lot more favor on musical/comedy fare. Between Around the World in Eighty Days (1956) and Oliver! (1968), the best picture Oscar winner nabbed one of the trophies in one of the Globes' top categories for 13 years running -- the best streak in the organization's history. But ever since the Academy expanded its best picture category to as many as 10 nominees in 2009, only 59 percent of Golden Globe best picture nominees have earned Oscar nominations. The odds improve for the actual Golden Globe winners: 88 percent of them have gone on to earn Oscar nominations. However, that statistic is based on a small sample size, since there have only been eight Golden Globe winners since 2009, with 2009's The Hangover being the lone film during that era to win a Golden Globe (in the comedy category) but not an Oscar nomination. ANALYSIS: Who Will Win, Who Should Win at the Golden Globes Then there is the flip side of the same question: Does the failure to earn a Globe nomination handicap a movie pursuing the best picture Oscar? That is to say, can a movie win the Oscar for best picture without getting a Globe nomination? That's the question on the minds of all involved with Saving Mr. Banks, The Butler, August: Osage County, Blue Jasmine and a slew of other films that did not receive Globe nominations this year for best drama or best musical or comedy. History says it's mighty difficult. In fact, only six films have ever won the best picture Academy Award without first securing a best picture Globe nomination: 1953's From Here to Eternity, 1955's Marty, 1973's The Sting, 1981's Chariots of Fire, 1982's Gandhi and 2004's Crash. Since 1956, the year that the Globes first honored five nominees per category, only 3.6 percent of Oscar best pictures that were eligible for Golden Globe awards for best drama or best musical/comedy have failed to earn a Golden Globe nomination in either of those two top categories. (The U.K. productions Chariots of Fire and Gandhi both won Globes as best foreign film but were ineligible for the Globes two drama prizes.) Since the Academy expanded its best picture category, 2011's The Ides of March is the only Golden Globe best drama nominee that has failed to earn an Oscar best picture nomination. (Ides is represented by the purple point on the bottom line of the above chart, signifying that the movie got four Globe nominations but failed to get a best picture Oscar nom, to say nothing of a win.) That bodes well for underdogs Rush and Philomena, both of which received Globe drama nominations this year. But be warned -- we only have four years of data in the expanded best picture era, so these trends are by no means set in stone. That said, the relationship between Golden Globe nomination number and Oscar success can be expressed by the following equations: Oscar = 0.06 Golden Globe Drama +0.85 Oscar = 0.31 Golden Globe Musical/Comedy -0.61 What does this mean? The more Golden Globe nominations a movie gets, the more likely it will achieve Oscar success. (For Oscar, we are using 0 for no nomination, 1 for a nomination and 2 for a best picture win, as in the above chart.) Since 0.31 is bigger than 0.06, nominations help musical/comedies more than they help dramas. However, since 0.85 is much bigger than -0.61, dramas start off with a huge advantage over musical/comedies, even before the number of Golden Globe nominations has been counted! PHOTOS: The 2014 Golden Globe Nominees For instance, even though Gravity, a drama, only earned four nominations, it is still in better shape than American Hustle or Nebraska, comedies that earned seven and five nominations, respectively. No one is sitting as pretty as 12 Years a Slave, a drama that picked up seven nominations. Even if a Globe win is no guarantee of an Oscar win, there is still a reasonable chance that a movie that wasn't nominated for a Globe can sneak onto the list of Oscar nominees. It's been six years since the Golden Globe nominations included all the eventual best picture Oscar nominees. That year, the Golden Globes went to the drama Atonement and the musical Sweeney Todd, neither of which could topple No Country for Old Men come Oscar night. The last time the Golden Globes picked every Oscar nominee as well as the correct winner was when 2002's Chicago gave them the old razzle-dazzle by winning both the Globe for best musical and the Oscar for best picture. Last year, the Globes predicted seven best picture nominees out of nine nominated by the Academy. That was actually the maximum that they could have picked, since all but two of last year's Oscar nominees were dramas, meaning that at least two of the Oscar picks could not find a place on the Globes' list, which only had room for five dramas. So how predictive are the Globes these days? Over the past decade, 48 percent of Golden Globe nominees received best picture nominations. However, there is a huge disparity by category: 74 percent of the drama nominees during that period also earned Oscar nominations, but only 20 percent of the musical/comedy nominees were represented among the more serious Oscar nominees. Q&A: Tina Fey and Amy Poehler on Golden Globes Drinking Games, Live Musicals and 'SNL' When it comes to picking winners in the past decade, the Globes are not doing so well. Despite giving themselves two chances to pick the Oscar winner -- one drama and one musical/comedy -- the Globes have correctly predicted only four of the last 10 Oscar winners. Three were dramas -- The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, Slumdog Millionaire and Argo -- and one, The Artist, was a comedy. By way of comparison, the Director's Guild has picked nine of the last 10 best picture winners, even though the DGA honors only one film per year. So expect to see a lot of the Globe's best picture nominees, especially its best drama noms, on the list of the nominations that the Academy is about to issue. But is either of the two Globe's best picture winners that will be crowned Sunday night likey to win the best picture Oscar? That's not a sure thing at all. Twitter: @BensOscarMath	i don't know
Which Mexican dish which translates as little donkey is based around folded soft tortillas and is now a favourite breakfast dish in the USA?	Spanish Course Beginners - Documents Documents Share Spanish Course Beginners Embed <iframe src="http://docslide.us/embed/spanish-course-beginners.html" width="750" height="600" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe> <div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="http://docslide.us/documents/spanish-course-beginners.html" title="Spanish Course Beginners" target="_blank">Spanish Course Beginners</a></div> size(px) Download Spanish Course Beginners Transcript 7 in tro d u ctio n When the Spanish conquistador Hernándo Cortés landed in Mexico he was confronted by a vast and complex Aztec civili- sation in which Nahuatl and Mayan languages predominated. It’s diffi cult to imagine how Cortés, with his relatively small band of followers, managed to overthrow one of the most powerful empires of its time. The key to the conquest of Mexico was not brute force but language. As every Mexican knows, it was the indigenous mistress of Cortés – a Mayan girl known as La Malinche – who facilitated the Spanish conquest by acting as an interpreter between the warring parties. Though reviled by many as a traitor, in recent years she has been reinvented as a symbol of Mexico’s unique hybrid culture. In many ways, the multilingual La Malinche is also the mother of Mexican Spanish, a language that still bears the birthmark of the early interaction between Mexico and Europe. Today Mexican Spanish has evolved from that fi rst significant encounter. Variations in grammar and pronunciation distinguish Mexican Spanish from the Castilian Spanish spoken in Spain. Mexicans do not ‘lisp’ the letters c and z, as the Spanish do, and the use of the Spanish form vosotros (‘you’ plural) is limited to remote areas of the southern state of Chiapas. Perhaps the most obvious distinguishing fea- ture of Mexican Spanish is its colloquial vocabulary at a glance … language name: Mexican Spanish names in language: español, castellano, español mexicano language family: Romance approximate number of speakers: 98 million close relatives: Castilian Spanish, Latin American Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese donations to English: tomato, chocolate, avocado, coyote INTRODUCTION introducción © Lonely Planet Publications in tr o d u ct io n 8 that sets it apart from Castilian Spanish, as well as the forms of Spanish spoken in neighbouring Latin American countries (see Lonely Planet’s Spanish Phrasebook, Costa Rica Spanish Phrasebook and Latin American Spanish Phrasebook). The indigenous languages that fi rst baffl ed Cortés have had a considerable impact on Mexican Spanish, especially in words to do with food, fl ora, fauna and place names (including the word México itself). Nahuatl words, such as avocado and tomato, have even made it into the English language. These days US English is possibly the strongest infl uence on Mexi- can Spanish, particularly in the northern border areas where Mexicans are known to accommodate some English words in everyday conversation. Getting acquainted with Mexican Spanish is easy. In many ways, the pronunciation is similar to English, and visitors soon fall for the beauty of the Mexican accent with its cantering rhythm and plaintive rising and falling. If you’re already familiar with the Spanish spoken in Spain or elsewhere in Latin America you’ll have no problem learning the basic diff erences, and locals will warm to your eff orts to use the appropriate Mexican words and expressions. This book gives you all the practical vocabulary and phrases you need to get by as well as all the fun, spontaneous phrases that lead to a better understanding of Mexico and its people. Need more encouragement? Remember, the contact you make using Mexican Spanish will make your travels unique. Local knowledge, new relationships and a sense of satisfaction are on the tip of your tongue, so don’t just stand there, say something! abbreviations used in this book m masculine sg singular pol polite f feminine pl plural inf informal © Lonely Planet Publications 9 p ro n u n ciatio n TOOLS > pronunciation herramientas de pronunciación Mexican Spanish pronunciation isn’t hard, as many sounds are similar to sounds used in English. The best way to learn the correct pronunciation is to listen carefully to people around you. Mexican Spanish pronunciation diff ers from the Castilian Spanish spoken in Spain. The most obvious diff erence is the lack of the lisping ‘th’ sound which is found in Castilian Spanish. With a bit of practice you’ll soon get the basics and even if you can’t roll your r’s like Speedy González, you’ll still be understood. vowel sounds vocales symbol english equivalent spanish example a run agua e red número ee bee día o dog ojo oo book gusto Vowels in Mexican Spanish are quite short and fairly closed. Unlike some English vowels, the sound remains level, and each vowel is pronounced as an individual unit. There are, however, a number of cases where two vowel sounds become very closely combined (so-called ‘diphthongs’): symbol english equivalent spanish example ai aisle bailar ay say seis ow house autobús oy boy hoy © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 10 consonant sounds consonantes symbol english equivalent spanish example b big barco ch chili chica d din dinero f fun fiesta g go gato k kick cabeza/queso kh as in the Scottish loch gente/jardín/México l loud lago m man mañana n no nuevo ny canyon señora p pig padre r run, but strongly ‘rolled’, especially in words with ‘rr’ ritmo/mariposa/burro s so semana/Xochimilco t tin tienda v a soft ‘b’, halfway between ‘v’ and ‘b’ veinte w win guardia/Oaxaca y yes llave/viaje © Lonely Planet Publications p ro n u n ciatio n 11 word stress énfasis Words in Spanish have stress, which means you emphasise one syllable over another. Rule of thumb: when a written word ends in n, s or a vowel, the stress falls on the second- last syllable. Otherwise, the fi nal syllable is stressed. If you see an accent mark over a syllable, it cancels out these rules and you just stress that syllable instead. Don’t worry if you can’t remember this rule – our coloured phonetic guides give you the stressed syllable in italics. plunge in! ¡anímate! Don’t worry too much about pronunciation. Speaking another language is a little like acting, so if you can talk the talk like Benicio del Toro you’re halfway there. The coloured phonetic guides we’ve provided for every phrase give you all the correct sounds and the stressed syllables. mexican spanish alphabet a a j kho·ta r er b be lar·ga k ka rr e·re c se l e·le s e·se ch che ll do·ble e·le t te d de m e·me u oo e e n e·ne v be kor·ta f e·fe ñ e·nye w do·ble be g khe o o x e·kees h a·che p pe y ee·grye·ga i ee q koo z se·ta © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 12 spellbound The relationship between Mexican Spanish sounds and their spelling is quite straightforward and consistent. The following rules will help you read any written Mexican Spanish you may come across: c before e or i pronounced as the ‘s’ in ‘so’ before a, o and u pronounced as the ‘k’ in ‘kick’ cerveza, cinco carro, corto, cubo g before e or i pronounced as the ‘ch’ in ‘loch’ – a harsh, breathy sound gigante gue, gui pronounced as the ‘g’ in ‘go’ (the u is not pronounced in these combinations unless there are two dots over the u) guerra, Guillermo, güiski h never pronounced (silent) haber j harsh and breathy as the ‘ch’ in ‘loch’ jardín ll pronounced as the ‘y’ in ‘yes’ llave ñ pronounced as the ‘ny’ in ‘canyon’ niño qu pronounced as the ‘k’ in ‘kick’ (u is not pronounced) quince x usually pronounced as the ‘ch’ in ‘loch’ as an ‘s’ in some indigenous place names as a ‘ks’ in other words (See also the box on page 84) México Xochimilco próximo z pronounced as the ‘s’ in ‘soup’ zorro © Lonely Planet Publications 13 a–z p h rase b u ild e r a–z phrasebuilder construyendo frases Diff erences in vocabulary and pronunciation distinguish Mexican Spanish from the Spanish spoken in Spain. But Mexicans will also structure their sentences slightly diff erently. If you’re already familiar with some Spanish, take note of how Mexicans use diminutives (page 17) and the plural form of you (page 26). This chapter is designed to help you build your own sentences. It’s arranged alphabetically for ease of navigation. If you can’t fi nd the exact phrase you need in this book, remember that with just a little grammar, a few gestures and a couple of well-chosen words, you’ll generally get the message across. a/an & some I’d like a ticket and a postcard. Quisiera un boleto kee·sye·ra oon bo·le·to y una postal. ee oo·na pos·tal (lit: I-would-like a ticket and a postcard) Spanish has two words for ‘a/an’: un and una. The gender of the noun determines which one you use. Un and una have plural forms, unos and unas, meaning ‘some’. masculine un sg un tacooon ta·ko a taco unos pl unos tacosoo·nos ta·kos some tacos feminine una sg una casaoo·na ka·sa a house unas pl unas casasoo·nas ka·sas some houses © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 14 adjectives see describing things articles see a/an & some and the be Spanish has two words for the English verb ‘be’: ser and estar. use SER to express examples permanent characteristics of persons/things Cecilia es muy amable. se·see·lya es mooy a·ma·ble Cecilia is very nice. occupations or nationality Marcos es de México. mar·kos es de me·khee·ko Marcos is from Mexico. the time & location of events Son las tres. son las tres It’s 3 o’clock. possession ¿De quién es esta mochila? de kyen es es·ta mo·chee·la Whose backpack is this? use ESTAR to express examples temporary characteristics of persons/things La comida está fría. la ko·mee·da es·ta free·a The meal is cold. the time & location of persons/things Estamos en Coyoacán. es·ta·mos en ko·yo·a·kan We are in Coyoacán. the mood of a person Estoy contento/a. m/f es·toy kon·ten·to/a I’m happy. © Lonely Planet Publications a–z p h rase b u ild e r 15 I am a journalist yo soy reportera you sg inf are from Chihuahua tú eres de Chihuahua you sg pol are an artist usted es artista he/she is an artist él/ella m/f es artista we are single nosostros/ as m/f somos solteros/as m/f you pl pol&inf are students ustedes m&f son estudiantes they are students ellos/as m/f son estudiantes I am well yo estoy bien you sg inf are angry tú estás enojado/a m/f you sg pol are drunk usted está borracho/a m/f he/she is drunk él/ella está borracho/a m/f we are happy nosostros/as m/f estamos contentos/as m/f you pl pol&inf are reading ustedes están leyendo they are reading ellos/as m/f están leyendo © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 16 describing things I’m looking for a comfortable hotel. Estoy buscando un hotel es·toy boos·kan·do oon o·tel cómodo. ko·mo·do (lit: I-am looking-for a hotel comfortable) When using an adjective to describe a noun, you need to use a diff erent ending depending on whether the noun is masculine or feminine, and singular or plural. Most adjectives have four forms which are easy to remember: singular plural masculine fantástico fantásticos feminine fantástica fantásticas un hotel fantástico oon o·tel fan·tas·tee·ko a fantastic hotel una hamaca fan- tástica oo·na a·ma·ka fan·tas·tee·ka a fantastic hammock unos libros fantásticos oo·nos lee·bros fan·tas·tee·kos some fantastic books unas tortillas fantásticas oo·nas tor·tee·yas fan·tas·tee·kas some fantastic tortillas Adjectives generally come after the noun in Spanish. However, adjectives of quantity (such as ‘much’, ‘a lot’, ‘little/few’, ‘too much’) and adjectives expressing possession (eg, ‘my’ and ‘your’) always precede the noun. muchos turistas moo·chos too·rees·tas many tourists primera clase pree·me·ra kla·se fi rst class mi sombrero mee som·bre·ro my hat © Lonely Planet Publications a–z p h rase b u ild e r 17 diminutives Mexicans frequently use diminutives which are nouns whose endings have been altered in order to soften their intensity, emphasise smallness, express endearment or even show politeness. A person’s name can be made diminutive as a way of expressing aff ection, especially towards a child or younger sibling. Diminutives are created by changing the ending of the noun to -ito for a masculine noun, or -ita for a feminine noun. Less com- monly, diminutives may be formed with -illo and -illa endings. noun diminutive noun used to express un momento one moment un momentito just a moment (lit: a moment-little) show politeness dos semanas two weeks dos semanitas just two weeks (lit: two weeks-little) soften intensity gato cat gatito kitten (lit: cat-little) emphasize smallness Pablo Paul Pablito (dear) Paul (lit: Paul-little) endearment/ aff ection gender In Mexican Spanish, all nouns – words which denote a thing, person or concept – are either masculine or feminine. The dictionary will tell you what gender a noun is, but here are some handy tips to help you determine gender: • gender is masculine when talking about a man and feminine when talking about a woman • words ending in -o are often masculine • words ending in -a are often feminine • words ending in -d, -z or -ión are usually feminine © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 18 In this book, masculine forms appear before the feminine forms. If you see a word ending in -o/a, it means the masculine form ends in -o, and the feminine form ends in -a (that is, you replace the -o ending with the -a ending to make it feminine). The same goes for the plural endings -os/as. If you seen an (a) between brackets on the end of a word, eg, escritor(a), it means you have to add that in order to make that word feminine. In other cases we spell out the whole word. See also a/an & some, describing things, possession and the. have I have two brothers. Tengo dos hermanos. ten·go dos er·ma·nos (lit: I-have two brothers) Possession can be indicated in various ways in Mexican Spanish. The easiest way is by using the verb tener, ‘have’. I have a ticket yo tengo un boleto you sg inf have the key tú tienes la llave you sg pol have the key usted tiene la llave he/she has aspirin él/ella tiene aspirinas we have matches nosotros/as m/f tenemos cerillos you pl pol&inf have tequila ustedes tienen tequila they have problems ellos/as m/f tienen problemas See also my & your and somebody’s. is & are see be © Lonely Planet Publications a–z p h rase b u ild e r 19 location see this & that more than one I would like two tickets. Quisiera dos boletos. kee·sye·ra dos bo·le·tos (lit: I-would-like two tickets) In general, if the word ends in a vowel, you add -s for a plural. If the nouns ends in a consonant (or y), you add -es: bed cama ka·ma beds camas ka·mas woman mujer moo·kher women mujeres moo·khe·res my & your This is my daughter. Ésta es mi hija. es·ta es mee ee·kha (lit: this is my daughter) A common way of indicating possession is by using possessive adjectives before the noun they describe. As with any other adjective, they always agree with the noun in number (singular or plural) and gender (masculine or feminine). © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 20 singular plural masculine feminine masculine feminine gift room friends sisters my mi regalo mi habitación mis amigos mis hermanas your sg inf tu regalo tu habitación tus amigos tus hermanas your sg pol su regalo su habitación sus amigos sus hermanas his/her/its su regalo su habitación sus amigos sus hermanas our nuestro regalo nuestra habitación nuestros amigos nuestras hermanas your pl pol&inf su regalo su habitación sus amigos sus hermanas their su regalo su habitación sus amigos sus hermanas See also have & somebody’s. negative Just add the word no before the main verb of the sentence: I don’t like bullfights. No me gustan las no me goo·stan las corridas de toros. ko·ree·das de to·ros (lit: not me they-please the bullfi ghts) © Lonely Planet Publications a–z p h rase b u ild e r 21 planning ahead As in English, you can talk about your plans or future events by using the verb ir (go) followed by the word a (to) and the infi nitive of another verb, for example: Tomorrow, I’m going to travel to Real de Catorce. Mañana, yo voy a viajar ma·nya·na yo voy a vya·khar a Real de Catorce. a re·al de ka·tor·se (lit: tomorrow I go-I to travel to Real de Catorce) I am going to call yo voy a llamar you sg inf are going to sleep tú vas a dormir you sg pol are going to dance usted va a bailar he/she is going to drink él/ella va a beber we are going to sing nosotros/as m/f vamos a cantar you pl pol&inf are going to eat ustedes van a comer they are going to write ellos/as m/f van a escribir plural see more than one pointing something out To point something out the easiest phrases to use are es (it is), or eso es (that is). To say ‘this is’ use este es if it’s a masculine object and esta es if it’s feminine. © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 22 Es una guía de Mérida. es oo·na gee·a de me·ree·da It’s a guide to Mérida. Eso es mezcal. e·so es mes·kal That is mezcal. Este es mi pasaporte. es·to es mee pa·sa·por·te This is my passport. Esta es mi licencia. es·ta es mee lee·sen·sya This is my drivers license. See also this & that. possession see have, my & your and somebody’s pronouns Subject pronouns corresponding to ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’, ‘we’ and ‘they’ are often omitted, as verb endings make it clear who the subject is. Use them if you want to emphasise the subject. singular plural I yo we nosotros/as m/f you inf tú you pl inf ustedes you pol usted you pl pol ustedes he/she/it él/ella they ellos/as m/f See also be, have and you. questions Is that the main square? ¿Eso es el zócalo? e·so es el so·ka·lo (lit: that is the main-square) When asking a question, simply make a statement, but raise your intonation towards the end of the sentence, as you can do in English. The inverted question mark in written Spanish prompts you to do this. © Lonely Planet Publications a–z p h rase b u ild e r 23 question words Who? ¿Quién? sg¿Quiénes? pl kyen kye·nes Who is it? ¿Quién es? kyen es Who are those men? ¿Quiénes son estos hombres? kye·nes son es·tos om·bres What? ¿Qué? ke What are you saying? ¿Qué está usted diciendo? ke es·ta oo·sted dee·syen·do Which? ¿Cuál? sg¿Cuáles? pl kwal kwa·les Which restaurant is the cheapest? ¿Cuál es el restaurante más barato? kwal es el res·tow·ran·te mas ba·ra·to Which local dishes do you recommend? ¿Cuáles platos típicos puedes recomendar? kwa·les pla·tos tee·pee·kos pwe·des re·ko·men·dar When? ¿Cuándo? kwan·do When does the next bus arrive? ¿Cuándo llega el próximo pesero? kwan·do ye·ga el prok·see·mo pe·se·ro Where? ¿Dónde? don·de Where can I buy tickets? ¿Dónde puedo comprar boletos? don·de pwe·do kom·prar bo·le·tos How? ¿Cómo? ko·mo How do you say that in Spanish? ¿Cómo se dice eso en español? ko·mo se dee·se es·o en es·pa·nyol How much is it? ¿Cuánto cuesta? kwan·to kwe·sta How many? ¿Cuántos/as? m/f pl kwan·tos/kwan·tas For how many nights? ¿Por cuántas noches? por kwan·tas no·ches Why? ¿Por qué? por ke Why is the museum closed? ¿Por qué está cerrado el museo? por ke es·ta se·ra·do el moo·se·o © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 24 some see a/an & some somebody’s In Spanish, ownership is expressed through the word de (of ) . That’s my friend’s backpack. Esa es la mochila e·sa es la mo·chee·la de mi amigo. de mee a·mee·go (lit: that is the backpack of my friend) See also have and my & your. the The articles el and la both mean ‘the’. Whether you use el or la depends on the gender of the thing, person or idea talked about, which in Spanish will always be either masculine or feminine. The gender is not really concerned with the sex of something, for example a toucan is a masculine noun, even if it’s female! There’s no rule as to why, say, the sea (el mar) is masculine but the beach (la playa) is feminine. When talking about plural things, people or ideas, you use los in stead of el and las instead of la. singular plural masculine el los feminine la las el burro el boo·ro the donkey la tienda la tyen·da the shop los burros los boo·ros the donkeys las tiendas las tyen·das the shops See also gender and a/an & some. © Lonely Planet Publications a–z p h rase b u ild e r 25 this & that There are three ‘distance words’ in Spanish, depending on whether something or someone is close (this), away from you (that) or even further away in time or distance (that over there). masculine singular plural close éste (this) éstos (these) away ése (that) ésos (those) further away aquél (that over there) aquéllos (those over there) feminine close ésta (this) éstas (these) away ésa (that) ésas (those) further away aquélla (that over there) aquéllas (those over there) See also pointing something out. word order Sentences in Mexican Spanish have a basic word order of subject-verb-object, just as English does. I study business. Yo estudio comercio. yo es·too·dyo ko·mer·syo (lit: I study-I business) However, the subject pronoun is generally omitted: ‘Estudio comercio’ is enough. © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 26 yes/no questions It’s not impolite to answer questions with a simple sí (yes) or no (no) in Mexico. There’s no way to say ‘ Yes it is/does’, or ‘No, it isn’t/doesn’t’, as in English. See also questions. you Mexicans use two diff erent words for ‘you’. When talk- ing to someone familiar to you or younger than you, it’s usual to use the informal form tú, too, rather than the polite form usted, oos·ted. The polite form should be used when you’re meeting someone for the fi rst time, talking to someone much older than you or when you’re in a formal situation (eg, when talking to the police, customs offi cers etc). In this phrasebook we have often chosen the appropriate form for the situation, so you don’t have to think twice about whether you are being polite enough. If both forms could be handy we give you the polite option fi rst, followed by the informal option. For example: Did you like it? ¿Le/Te gustó? pol/inf le/te goos·to Note that in Mexcio you use the word ustedes when you mean ‘you’ plural – whether or not it’s a formal situation. This is dif- ferent to the Spanish spoken in Spain where you would distin- guish between formal speech (ustedes) and informal speech (vosotros/as m/f). © Lonely Planet Publications 27 lan g u ag e d ifficu ltie s language difficulties dificultades con el idioma Do you speak (English)? ¿Habla/Hablas (inglés)? pol/inf a·bla/a·blas (een·gles) Does anyone speak (English)? ¿Hay alguien que ai al·gyen ke hable (inglés)? a·ble (een·gles) Do you understand? ¿Me entiende/entiendes? pol/inf me en·tyen·de/en·tyen·des I understand. Entiendo. en·tyen·do I don’t understand. No entiendo. no en·tyen·do I speak (Spanish). Hablo (español). a·blo (es·pa·nyol ) I don’t speak (Spanish). No hablo (español). no a·blo (es·pa·nyol ) I speak a little (Spanish). Hablo un poquito a·blo oon po·kee·to (de español). (de es·pa·nyol ) I speak (English). Hablo (inglés). a·blo (een·gles) How do you pronounce this? ¿Cómo se pronuncia ésto? ko·mo se pro·noon·sya es·to How do you write ‘ciudad’? ¿Cómo se escribe ko·mo se se es·kree·be ‘ciudad’? syoo·dad What does ‘güey’ mean? ¿Qué signifi ca ‘güey’ ? ke seeg·nee·fee·ka gway © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 28 Could you ¿Puede …, pwe·de … please …? por favor? por fa·vor repeat that repertirlo re·pe·teer·lo speak more hablar más a·blar mas slowly despacio des·pa·syo write it down escribirlo es·kree·beer·lo false friends Beware of false friends – words which look, and sound, like English words but have a diff erent meaning altogether. Using them in the wrong context could confuse, or even amuse locals. injuria een·khoo·ree·a insult not ‘injury’ which is herida, e·ree·da parientes pa·ryen·tes relatives not ‘parents’ which is padres, pa·dres éxito ek·see·to success not ‘exit’ which is salida, sa·lee·da embarazada em·ba·ra·sa·da pregnant. not ‘embarrassed’ which is avergonzado/a m/f a·ver·gon·sa·do/a Spanish visitors to Mexico frequently embarrass them- selves by using the verb coger which in Spain means ‘to take’ or ‘to catch’ but in Mexico means ‘to fuck’. © Lonely Planet Publications 29 n u m b e rs & am o u n ts numbers & amounts los números & las cantidades cardinal numbers los números cardinales 0 cero se·ro 1 uno oo·no 2 dos dos 3 tres tres 4 cuatro kwa·tro 5 cinco seen·ko 6 seis says 7 siete sye·te 8 ocho o·cho 9 nueve nwe·ve 10 diez dyes 11 once on·se 12 doce do·se 13 trece tre·se 14 catorce ka·tor·se 15 quince keen·se 16 dieciséis dye·see·says 17 diecisiete dye·see·sye·te 18 dieciocho dye·see·o·cho 19 diecinueve dye·see·nwe·ve 20 veinte vayn·te 21 veintiuno vayn·tee·oo·no 22 veintidós vayn·tee·dos 30 treinta trayn·ta 40 cuarenta kwa·ren·ta 50 cincuenta seen·kwen·ta 60 sesenta se·sen·ta 70 setenta se·ten·ta 80 ochenta o·chen·ta 90 noventa no·ven·ta 100 cien syen 200 doscientos do·syen·tos 1,000 mil meel 2,000 dos mil dos meel 1,000,000 un millon oon mee·yon © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 30 ordinal numbers los números ordinales 1st primero/a m/f pree·me·ro/a 2nd segundo/a m/f se·goon·do/a 3rd tercero/a m/f ter·se·ro/a 4th cuarto/a m/f kwar·to/a 5th quinto/a m/f keen·to/a fractions las fracciones a quarter un cuarto oon kwar·to a third un tercio oon ter·syo a half un medio oon me·dyo/a three-quarters tres cuartos tres kwar·tos all (of it) todo/a m/f sg to·do/to·da all (of them) todos/as m/f pl to·dos/to·das none nada na·da useful amounts cantidades útiles How much? ¿Cuánto/a? m/f kwan·to/kwan·ta How many? ¿Cuántos/as? m/f pl kwan·tos/kwan·tas Please give me … Por favor, deme … por fa·vor de·me … (just) a little (sólo) un poco (so·lo) oon po·ko some algunos/as m/f pl al·goo·nos/as much mucho/a m/f moo·cho/a many muchos/as m/f pl moo·chos/as less menos me·nos more más mas © Lonely Planet Publications 31 tim e & d ate s time & dates la hora & la fecha telling the time dando la hora When telling the time in Mexico ‘It is …’ is expressed by Son las … followed by a number. The exceptions are Es la una (It’s one o’clock), Es mediodía (It’s midday) and Es medianoche (It’s midnight). What time is it? ¿Qué hora es? ke o·ra es It’s one o’clock. Es la una. es la oo·na It’s (ten) o’clock. Son las (diez). son las (dyes) Quarter past one. Es la una es la oo·na y cuarto. ee kwar·to Twenty past one. Es la una es la oo·na y veinte . ee vayn·te Half past (eight). Son las (ocho) son las (o·cho) y media. ee me·dya Twenty to (eight). Son veinte para son vayn·te pa·ra las (ocho). las (o·cho) Quarter to (eight). Son cuarto para son kwar·to pa·ra las (ocho). las (o·cho) in the morning/am de la mañana de la ma·nya·na in the afternoon/pm de la tarde de la tar·de in the evening/pm de la noche de la no·che at night/pm de la noche de la no·che At what time …? ¿A qué hora …? a ke o·ra … At one. A la una. a la oo·na At (eight). A las (ocho). a las (o·cho) At (4.40 pm). A las (cuatro a las (kwa·tro y cuarenta ee kwa·ren·ta de la tarde). de la tar·de) © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 32 days of the week los días de la semana Monday lunes loo·nes Tuesday martes mar·tes Wednesday miércoles myer·ko·les Thursday jueves khwe·ves Friday viernes vyer·nes Saturday sábado sa·ba·do Sunday domingo do·meen·go the calendar el calendario months January enero e·ne·ro February febrero fe·bre·ro March marzo mar·so April abril a·breel May mayo ma·yo June junio khoo·nyo July julio khoo·lyo August agosto a·gos·to September septiembre sep·tyem·bre October octubre ok·too·bre November noviembre no·vyem·bre December diciembre dee·syem·bre dates What date? ¿Qué día? ke dee·a What’ today’s ¿Qué día es hoy? ke dee·a es oy date? It’s (17 November). Es (el diecisiete es (el dye·see·sye·te de noviembre). de no·vyem·bre) © Lonely Planet Publications tim e & d ate s 33 seasons summer verano ve·ra·no autumn otoño o·to·nyo winter invierno een·vyer·no spring primavera pree·ma·ve·ra present el presente now ahora a·o·ra right now ahorita a·o·ree·ta this … afternoon esta tarde es·ta tar·de morning esta mañana es·ta ma·nya·na month este mes es·te mes week esta semana es·ta se·ma·na year este año es·te a·nyo today hoy oy tonight esta noche es·ta no·che past el pasado (three days) ago hace (tres días) a·se (tres dee·as) day before antier an·tyer yesterday last … month el mes pasado el mes pa·sa·do night anoche a·no·che week la semana pasada la se·ma·na pa·sa·da year el año pasado el a·nyo pa·sa·do since (May) desde (mayo) des·de (ma·yo) yesterday ayer a·yer yesterday … ayer … a·yer … afternoon en la tarde en la tar·de evening en la noche en la no·che morning en la mañana en la ma·nya·na © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 34 future el futuro day after tomorrow pasado mañana pa·sa·do ma·nya·na in (six) days en (seis) días en (says) dee·as next … month el mes que viene el mes ke vye·ne week la próxima la prok·see·ma semana se·ma·na year el año que viene el a·nyo ke vye·ne tomorrow mañana ma·nya·na tomorrow … mañana en la … ma·nya·na en la … afternoon tarde tar·de evening noche no·che morning mañana ma·nya·na until (June) hasta (junio) as·ta (khoo·nyo) mañana, mañana … It’s worth remembering that the word mañana means ‘tomorrow’, but la mañana means ‘morning’. More rarely, mañana can mean ‘later on’ (especially in bureaucratic situations). Also, madrugada can mean ‘daybreak’ or ‘the small hours of the morning’, depending on the context. during the day durante el día afternoon tarde f tar·de dawn madrugada f ma·droo·ga·da day día m dee·a evening noche f no·che morning mañana f ma·nya·na night noche f no·che sunrise amanecer m a·ma·ne·ser sunset puesta f del sol pwes·ta del sol © Lonely Planet Publications 35 m o n e y money dinero How much is it? ¿Cuánto cuesta? kwan·to kwes·ta How much is this? ¿Cuánto cuesta ésto? kwan·to kwes·ta es·to It’s free. Es gratis. es gra·tees It’s (10) pesos. Cuesta (diez) pesos. kwes·ta (dyes) pe·sos Can you write down the price? ¿Puede escribir el precio? pwe·de es·kree·beer el pre·syo Do you change money here? ¿Se cambia dinero aquí? se kam·bya dee·ne·ro a·kee Do you accept …? ¿Aceptan …? a·sep·tan … credit cards tarjetas de tar·khe·tas de crédito kre·dee·to debit cards tarjetas de tar·khe·tas de débito de·bee·to travellers cheques de che·kes de cheques viajero vya·khe·ro I’d like to … Me gustaría … me goos·ta·ree·a … cash a cheque cobrar un cheque ko·brar oon che·ke change money cambiar dinero kam·byar dee·ne·ro change a cambiar un kam·byar oon travellers cheque de che·ke de cheque viajero vya·khe·ro withdraw money sacar dinero sa·kar dee·ne·ro What’s the …? ¿Cuál es …? kwal es … commission la comisión la ko·mee·syon exchange rate el tipo de cambio el tee·po de kam·byo © Lonely Planet Publications TO O LS 36 What’s the charge for that? ¿Cuánto hay que pagar kwan·to ai ke pa·gar por eso? por e·so Do I need to pay upfront? ¿Necesito pagar por ne·se·see·to pa·gar por adelantado? a·de·lan·ta·do I’d like …, Quisiera …, kee·sye·ra … please. por favor. por fa·vor a receipt un recibo oon re·see·bo my change mi cambio mee kam·byo my money que me devuelva ke me de·vwel·va back el dinero el dee·ne·ro I have already paid for this. Ya pagué ésto. ya pa·ge es·to There’s a mistake in the bill. Hay un error en la cuenta. ai oon e·ror en la kwen·ta I don’t want to pay the full price. No quiero pagar no kye·ro pa·gar el precio total. el pre·syo to·tal Where’s the nearest automatic teller machine? ¿Dónde está el cajero don·de es·ta el ka·khe·ro automático más ow·to·ma·tee·ko mas cercano? ser·ka·no pieces of eight During the colonial era, the imperial currency circulated in Mexico was a silver coin known as the Ocho Reales (lit: eight royals) although in common usage it was referred to by its present name, the peso (lit: weight). Since the end of the 15th century, Mexico began to lead the world in the production of silver, and the Ocho Reales was traded all over the globe. In English-speaking countries it earned the name ‘pieces of eight’, in Holland the Reaal van Achten, and in Italy, the colonnato (lit: with-columns) alluding to the pillars of Hercules stamped on the coin. The Egyptians mistook these pillars for cannons and gave it the name abu madfa, meaning ‘two cannons’. © Lonely Planet Publications 37 C O P Y R IG H T © Lonely Planet Publications. To make it easier for you to use, access to this chapter is not digitally restricted. In return, we think it’s fair to ask you to use it for personal, non-commercial purposes only. In other words, please don’t upload this chapter to a peer-to-peer site, mass email it to everyone you know, or resell it. See the terms and conditions on our site for a longer way of saying the above - ‘Do the right thing with our content.’ © Lonely Planet Publications 37 tran sp o rt PRACTICAL > transport transporte getting around desplazándose What time does ¿A qué hora a ke o·ra the … leave? sale el …? sa·le el … boat barco bar·ko bus (city) camión ka·myon bus (intercity) autobús ow·to·boos metro metro me·tro minibus pesero pe·se·ro plane avión a·vyon train tren tren trolleybus trolebús tro·le·boos What time’s ¿A qué hora sale a ke o·ra sa·le the … bus? el … autobús? el … ow·to·boos first primer pree·mer last último ool·tee·mo next próximo prok·see·mo Can I have a ¿Me puede dar un me pwe·de dar oon lift in your …? aventón en su …? a·ven·ton en soo … trailer trailer tray·ler truck camión ka·myon ute/ pick-up pickup pee·kop van camioneta ka·myo·ne·ta bussing it Originally, a small bus was simply called a colectivo but in the ‘70s, small public transport vehicles (including cars and vans) came to be classifi ed as peseros – so called because the trip cost one peso. During the ‘80s, the goverment began introducing new minibuses known as microbuses or just micros. While all these terms are still widely used, the general word is pesero, though today a lift will cost you a lot more than one peso! © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 38 How long will it be delayed? ¿Cuánto tiempo habrá kwan·to tyem·po a·bra de retraso? de re·tra·so When’s the next flight to (Mexico City)? ¿Cuándo sale el próximo kwan·do sa·le el prok·see·mo vuelo para (México)? vwe·lo pa·ra (me·khee·ko) Can you tell me when we get to (Puerto Vallarta)? ¿Me puede avisar cuándo me pwe·de a·vee·sar kwan·do lleguemos a (Puerto Vallarta)? ye·ge·mos a (pwer·to va·yar·ta) I want to get off here. ¡Aquí me bajo! a·kee me ba·kho Is this seat free? ¿Está libre este asiento? es·ta lee·bre es·te a·syen·to That’s my seat. Ése es mi asiento. e·se es mee a·syen·to listen for … es·ta ye·no Está lleno. It’s full. kan·se·la·do cancelado cancelled re·tra·sa·do retrasado delayed buying tickets comprando boletos Where can I buy a ticket? ¿Dónde puedo comprar don·de pwe·do kom·prar un boleto? oon bo·le·to Do I need to book? ¿Tengo que reservar? ten·go ke re·ser·var Can I get a stand-by ticket? ¿Puede ponerme en la pwe·de po·ner·me en la lista de espera? lees·ta de es·pe·ra I’d like to … my Me gustaría … mi me goos·ta·ree·a … mee ticket, please. boleto, por favor. bo·le·to por fa·vor cancel cancelar kan·se·lar change cambiar kam·byar confirm confirmar kon·feer·mar © Lonely Planet Publications tran sp o rt 39 A … ticket (to Un boleto … (a oon bo·le·to … (a Oaxaca), please. Oaxaca), por favor. wa·kha·ka) por fa·vor 1st-class de primera clase de pree·me·ra kla·se 2nd-class de segunda clase de se·goon·da kla·se child’s infantil een·fan·teel one-way viaje sencillo vya·khe sen·see·yo return redondo re·don·do student’s de estudiante de es·too·dyan·te I’d like a/an Quisiera un kee·sye·ra oon … seat. asiento … a·syen·to … aisle de pasillo de pa·see·yo ( non-) smoking en la sección de en la sek·syon de (no) fumar (no) foo·mar window junto a la khoon·to a la ventana ven·ta·na Is there (a) …? ¿Hay …? ai … air- aire ai·re conditioning acondicionado a·kon·dee·syo·na·do blanket una cobija oo·na ko·bee·kha toilet sanitarios sa·nee·ta·ryos video video vee·de·o How much is it? ¿Cuánto cuesta? kwan·to kwes·ta How long does the trip take? ¿Cuánto dura el viaje? kwan·to doo·ra el vya·khe Is it a direct route? ¿Es un viaje directo? es oon vya·khe dee·rek·to What time do I have to check in? ¿A qué hora tengo que a ke o·ra ten·go ke documentar? do·koo·men·tar For phrases about entering and leaving countries, see border crossing, page 47. © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 40 luggage el equipaje My luggage hasn’t arrived. Mis maletas no han mees ma·le·tas no an llegado. ye·ga·do My luggage has Se … mis se … mees been … maletas. ma·le·tas damaged dañaron da·nya·ron lost perdieron per·dye·ron stolen robaron ro·ba·ron I’d like … Quisiera … kee·sye·ra … a luggage locker un casillero oon ka·see·ye·ro some coins unas monedas oo·nas mo·ne·das some tokens unas fichas oo·nas fee·chas bus, trolleybus & metro camión, trolebús & metro Which city/intercity bus goes to …? ¿Qué camión/ ke ka·myon/ autobús va a …? ow·to·boos va a … This/That one. Éste/Ése. es·te/e·se Bus/Trolleybus number (11). El camión/trolebús el ka·myon/tro·le·boos número (once). noo·me·ro (on·se) How many stops (to the market)? ¿Cuántas paradas son kwan·tas pa·ra·das son (al mercado)? (al mer·ka·do) © Lonely Planet Publications tran sp o rt 41 train el tren What station is this? ¿Cuál es esta estación? kwal es es·ta es·ta·syon What’s the next station? ¿Cuál es la próxima estación? kwal es la prok·see·ma es·ta·syon Does this train stop at (Chihuahua)? ¿Para el tren a (Chihuahua)? pa·ra el tren a (chee·wa·wa) Do I need to change trains? ¿Tengo que cambiar de tren? ten·go ke kam·byar de tren Which is the dining car? ¿Cuál es el vagón comedor? kwal es el va·gon ko·me·dor Which carriage ¿Cuál es el tren …? kwal es el tren … is …? 1st class de primera clase de pree·me·ra kla ·se for (Querétaro) para (Querétaro) pa·ra (ke·re·ta·ro) boat el barco Are there life jackets? ¿Hay chalecos salvavidas? ai cha·le·kos sal·va·vee·das What’s the sea like today? ¿Cómo está el mar hoy? ko·mo es·ta el mar oy I feel seasick. Estoy mareado/a. m/f es·toy ma·re·a·do/a taxi el taxi I’d like a Quisiera un kee·sye·ra oon taxi … taxi … tak·see … at (9am) a las (nueve de a las (nwe·ve de la mañana) la ma·nya·na) now ahora a·o·ra tomorrow mañana ma·nya·na © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 42 Is this taxi free? ¿Está libre este taxi? es·ta lee·bre es·te tak·see How much is it to …? ¿Cuánto cuesta ir a …? kwan·to kwes·ta eer a … Please put the meter on. Por favor, ponga el por fa·vor pon·ga el taxímetro. tak·see·me·tro Please take me to (this address). Por favor, lléveme a por fa·vor ye·ve·me a (esta dirección). (es·ta dee·rek·syon) Please … Por favor … por fa·vor … slow down vaya más va·ya mas despacio des·pa·syo wait here espere aquí es·pe·re a·kee Stop … Pare … pa·re … at the corner en la esquina en la es·kee·na here aquí a·kee © Lonely Planet Publications tran sp o rt 43 car & motorbike coches & motocicletas car & motorbike hire I’d like to hire Quisiera rentar … kee·sye·ra ren·tar … a/an … 4WD un cuatro por oon kwa·tro por cuatro kwa·tro automatic (car) un (coche) oon (ko·che) automático ow·to·ma·tee·ko car un coche oon ko·che manual (car) un (coche) oon (ko·che) manual ma·nwal motorbike una moto oo·na mo·to with/without … con/sin … kon/seen … air-conditioning aire ai·re acondicionado a·kon·dee·syo·na·do a driver chofer cho·fer How much for ¿Cuánto cuesta la kwan·to kwes·ta la … hire? renta …? ren·ta … daily diaria dya·rya hourly por hora por o·ra weekly semanal se·ma·nal on the road What’s the ¿Cuál es el límite kwal es el lee·mee·te speed limit …? de velocidad …? de ve·lo·see·dad … in town en las calles en las ka·yes on the highway en las carreteras en las ka·re·te·ras Is this the road to (Palenque)? ¿Por aquí se va a (Palenque)? por a·kee se va a (pa·len·ke) © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 44 Where’s a petrol station? ¿Dónde hay una gasolinera? don·de ai oo·na ga·so·lee·ne·ra Please fill it up. Lleno, por favor. ye·no por fa·vor I’d like (30) pesos worth. Quiero (treinta) pesos. kye·ro (trayn·ta) pe·sos diesel diesel dee·sel petrol gasolina ga·so·lee·na unleaded gasolina sin ga·so·lee·na seen petrol plomo plo·mo regular unleaded Magna mag·na premium unleaded Premium pre·mee·oom Please check the … Por favor, revise … por fa·vor re·vee·se … oil el nivel del el nee·vel del aceite a·say·te tyre pressure la presión de la pre·syon de las llantas las yan·tas water el nivel del agua el nee·vel del a·gwa engine motor m mo·tor tyre llanta f yan·ta windscreen parabrisas m pa·ra·bree·sas headlight faro m fa·ro battery batería f ba·te·ree·a petrol gasolina f ga·so·lee·na © Lonely Planet Publications tran sp o rt 45 (How long) Can I park here? ¿(Por cuánto tiempo) (por kwan·to tyem·po) Puedo estacionarme aquí? pwe·do es·ta·syo·nar·me a·kee Where do I pay? ¿Dónde se paga? don·de se pa·ga road signs Alto al·to Stop Ceda el Paso se·da el pa·so Give Way Cuota kwo·ta Toll Entrada en·tra·da Entrance Estacionamiento es·ta·syo·na·myen·to Parking Peligro pe·lee·gro Danger Prohibido el Paso pro·ee·bee·do el pa·so No Entry Prohibido pro·ee·bee·do No Parking Estacionar es·ta·syo·nar Salida sa·lee·da Exit Un Sólo Sentido oon so·lo sen·tee·do One Way problems I need a mechanic. Necesito un mecánico. ne·se·see·to oon me·ka·nee·ko The car has broken down (at the intersection). El coche se descompuso el ko·che se des·kom·poo·so (en la intersección). (en la een·ter·sek·syon) I had an accident. Tuve un accidente. too·ve oon ak·see·den·te The motorbike won’t start. La moto no arranca. la mo·to no a·ran·ka I have a flat tyre. Tengo una llanta ponchada. ten·go oo·na yan·ta pon·cha·da I’ve lost my car keys. Perdí las llaves de per·dee las ya·ves de mi coche. mee ko·che I’ve locked the keys inside. Dejé las llaves dentro de·khe las ya·ves den·tro del coche. del ko·che © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 46 I’ve run out of petrol. Me quedé sin gasolina. me ke·de seen ga·so·lee·na Can you fix it (today)? ¿Puede arreglarlo (hoy)? pwe·de a·re·glar·lo (oy) How long will it take? ¿Cuánto tardará? kwan·to tar·da·ra listen for … ke mar·ka/mo·de·lo es ¿Qué marca/modelo es? What make/model is it? ten·go ke pe·deer e·sa re·fak·syon Tengo que pedir esa I have to order that part. refacción. bicycle la bicicleta Where can I …? ¿Dónde puedo …? don·de pwe·do … buy a second- comprar una kom·prar oo·na hand bike bicicleta bee·see·kle·ta usada oo·sa·da hire a bicycle rentar una ren·tar oo·na bicicleta bee·see·kle·ta How much is it ¿Cuánto cuesta kwan·to kwes·ta per …? por …? por … afternoon una tarde oo·na tar·de day un día oon dee·a hour hora o·ra morning una mañana oo·na ma·nya·na I have a puncture. Se me ponchó una llanta. se me pon·cho oo·na yan·ta © Lonely Planet Publications 47 b o rd e r cro ssin g border crossing cruzando la frontera I’m here … Estoy aquí … es·toy a·kee … in transit en tránsito en tran·see·to on business de negocios de ne·go·syos on holiday de vacaciones de va·ka·syo·nes to visit relatives visitando a vee·see·tan·do a mis parientes mees pa·ryen·tes I’m here for … Voy a estar … voy a es·tar … (10) days (diez) días (dyes) dee·as (two) months (dos) meses (dos) me·ses (three) weeks (tres) semanas (tres) se·ma·nas listen for … soo … por fa·vor Su …, por favor. Your …, please. pa·sa·por·te pasaporte passport tar·khe·ta de tarjeta de tourist card too·rees·ta turista vee·sa visa visa es·ta ¿Está Are you vya·khan·do … viajando …? travelling …? en groo·po en grupo in a group kon soo fa·mee·lya con su familia with your family so·lo/a solo/a m/f on your own For phrases about payment and receipts, see money, page 35. © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 48 I have nothing to declare. No tengo nada no ten·go na·da que declarar. ke de·kla·rar I have something to declare. Quisiera declarar algo. kee·sye·ra de·kla·rar al·go I didn’t know I had to declare it. No sabía que tenía que no sa·bee·a ke te·nee·a ke declararlo. de·kla·rar·lo Do you have this form in English? ¿Tiene esta forma tye·ne es·ta for·ma en inglés? en een·gles signs Aduana a·dwa·na Customs Artículos Libres ar·tee·koo·los lee·bres Duty-free de Impuestos de eem·pwes·tos Goods Control de kon·trol de Passport Pasaportes pa·sa·por·tes Control Inmigración een·mee·gra·syon Immigration © Lonely Planet Publications 49 d ire ctio n s directions instrucciones Where’s (the bank)? ¿Dónde queda (el banco)? don·de ke·da (el ban·ko) I’m looking for (the cathedral). Busco (la catedral). boos·ko (la ka·te·dral ) Which way’s (the main square)? ¿Cómo se llega (al zócalo)? ko·mo se ye·ga (al so·ka·lo) How do I get to …? ¿Cómo llego a …? ko·mo ye·go a … How far is it? ¿A qué distancia está? a ke dees·tan·sya es·ta Can you show me (on the map)? ¿Me lo puede señalar me lo pwe·de se·nya·lar (en el mapa)? (en el ma·pa) It’s … Está … es·ta … behind … detrás de … de·tras de … (three) blocks a (tres) cuadras a (tres) kwa·dras from here far away lejos le·khos here aquí a·kee in front of … en frente de … en fren·te de … left a la izquierda a la ees·kyer·da near cerca ser·ka next to … al lado de … al la·do de … on the corner en la esquina en la es·kee·na one block a una cuadra a oo·na kwa·dra from here opposite … frente a … fren·te a … right a la derecha a la de·re·cha straight ahead todo derecho to·do de·re·cho there ahí a·ee © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 50 (city) bus camión m ka·myon corner esquina f es·kee·na shop tienda f tyen·da pedestrian crossing cruce m peatonal kroo·se pe·a·to·nal taxi taxi m tak·see traffic lights semáforo m se·ma·fo·ro Turn … De vuelta a la … de vwel·ta a la … left/right izquierda/ ees·kyer·da/ derecha de·re·cha at the corner en la esquina en la es·kee·na at the en el semáforo en el se·ma·fo·ro traffi c lights It’s … Está a … es·ta a … (100) metres (cien) metros (syen) me·tros (two) kilometres (dos) kilómetros (dos) kee·lo·me·tros (30) minutes (treinta) (trayn·ta) minutos mee·noo·tos by bus (city) en camión en ka·myon by car en coche en ko·che by metro en metro en me·tro by minibus en pesero en pe·se·ro by taxi en taxi en tak·see by train en tren en tren on foot a pie a pye intersection intersección f een·ter·sek·syon © Lonely Planet Publications 51 acco m m o d atio n accommodation alojamiento finding accommodation buscando alojamiento Where’s a …? ¿Dónde hay …? don·de ai … camping ground un área para oon a·re·a pa·ra acampar a·kam·par guesthouse una pensión oo·na pen·syon hotel un hotel oon o·tel room una habitación oo·na a·bee·ta·syon youth hostel un albergue oon al·ber·ge juvenil khoo·ve·neel Can you ¿Puede pwe·de recommend recomendarme re·ko·men·dar·me somewhere …? alojamiento …? a·lo·kha·myen·to … cheap barato ba·ra·to good bueno bwe·no luxurious lujoso loo·kho·so nearby cercano ser·ka·no romantic romántico ro·man·tee·ko a room with a view In Mexico you’ll find lodging to suit all budgets and lifestyles. Look out for some of the following popular accommodation options: cabaña f ka·ba·nya cabin casa f de ka·sa de lodging house huespedes wes·pe·des departamento m de·par·ta·men ·to apartment posada f po·sa·da inn © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 52 What’s the address? ¿Cuál es la dirección? kwal es la dee·rek·syon What’s the telephone number? ¿Cuál es el teléfono? kwal es el te·le·fo·no local talk dive lugar m de loo·gar de mala muerte ma·la mwer·te rat-infested plagado/a m/f pla·ga·do/a de ratas de ra·tas top spot lugar m loo·gar de moda de mo·da booking ahead & checking in reservando & registrándose Do you have ¿Tiene una tye·ne oo·na a … room? habitación …? a·bee·ta·syon … double doble do·ble single sencilla sen·see·ya triple triple tree·ple twin con camas kon ka·mas individuales een·dee·vee·dwa·les with/without (a) … con/sin … kon/seen … air-conditioning aire ai·re acondicionado a·kon·dee·syo·na·do bathroom baño ba·nyo fan ventilador ven·tee·la·dor sea view vista al mar vees·ta al mar street view vista a la calle vees·ta a la ka·ye TV televisión te·le·vee·syon How much is ¿Cuánto cuesta kwan·to kwes·ta it per …? por …? por … night noche no·che person persona per·so·na week semana se·ma·na © Lonely Planet Publications acco m m o d atio n 53 I’d like to book a room, please. Quisiera reservar una kee·sye·ra re·ser·var oo·na habitación. a·bee·ta·syon I have a reservation. Tengo una reservación. ten·go oo·na re·ser·va·syon My name’s … Me llamo … me ya·mo … For (three) nights/weeks. Por (tres) noches/semanas. por (tres) no·ches/se·ma·nas From (30 July) to (4 August). Del (treinta de julio) del (trayn·ta de khoo·lyo) al (cuatro de agosto). al (kwa·tro de a·gos·to) toilet taza f del baño ta·sa del ba·nyo TV televisión f te·le·vee·syon air-conditioning aire m acondicionado ai·re a·kon·dee·syo·na·do key llave f ya·ve bed cama f ka·ma bathroom baño m ban·yo fan ventilador m ven·tee·la·dor © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 54 Can I see it? ¿Puedo verla? pwe·do ver·la It’s fine. I’ll take it. Está bien, la tomo. es·ta byen la to·mo Do I need to pay upfront? ¿Necesito pagar por ne·se·see·to pa·gar por adelantado? a·de·lan·ta·do Can I pay …? ¿Puedo pagar …? pwe·do pa·gar … by credit card con tarjeta kon tar·khe·ta de crédito de kre·dee·to by travellers con cheques kon che·kes cheque de viajero de vya·khe·ro with cash con efectivo kon e·fek·tee·vo For more on payment, see money, page 35. listen for … kon·soo·myo al·go del mee·nee·bar ¿Consumió algo del Did you use the minibar? mini-bar? la ya·ve es·ta en la re·sep·syon La llave está en la The key is at recepción. reception. lo syen·to no ai va·kan·tes Lo siento, no hay vacantes. I’m sorry, we’re full. por kwan·tas no·ches ¿Por cuántas noches? For how many nights? soo pa·sa·por·te por fa·vor Su pasaporte, por favor. Your passport, please. © Lonely Planet Publications acco m m o d atio n 55 requests & queries peticiones & preguntas When/Where’s breakfast served? ¿Cuándo/Dónde se sirve kwan·do/don·de se seer·ve el desayuno? el de·sa·yoo·no Do you have room service? ¿Tiene servicio al cuarto? tye·ne ser·vee·syo al kwar·to Please wake me at (seven). Por favor, despiérteme a por fa·vor des·pyer·te·me a las (siete). las (sye·te) Can I get (another towel)? ¿Puede darme (otra toalla)? pwe·de dar·me (o·tra to·a·ya) Can I use the …? ¿Puedo usar …? pwe·do oo·sar … kitchen la cocina la ko·see·na laundry la lavandería la la·van·de·ree·a telephone el teléfono el te·le·fo·no Do you have ¿Hay …? ai … a/an …? dry-cleaning servicio de ser·vee·syo de service tintorería teen·to·re·ree·a elevator elevador e·le·va·dor gym gimnasio kheem·na·syo laundry service servicio de ser·vee·syo de lavandería la·van·de·ree·a message board pizarrón de pee·sa·ron de anuncios a·noon·syos safe caja fuerte ka·kha fwer·te swimming pool alberca al·ber·ka Do you … here? ¿Aquí …? a·kee … arrange tours organizan tours or·ga·nee·san toors change money cambian dinero kam·byan dee·ne·ro © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 56 Can I leave a message for someone? ¿Puedo dejar un pwe·do de·khar oon mensaje para alguien? men·sa·khe pa·ra al·gyen Is there a message for me? ¿Hay algún mensaje ai al·goon men·sa·khe para mí? pa·ra mee I’m locked out of my room. Dejé la llave dentro de·khe la ya·ve den·tro del cuarto. del kwar·to The (bathroom) door is locked. La puerta (del baño) está la pwer·ta (del ba·nyo) es·ta cerrada con llave. se·ra·da kon ya·ve complaints quejas The room is La habitación la a·bee·ta·syon too … es muy … es mooy … cold fría free·a dark oscura os·koo·ra expensive cara ka·ra light/bright iluminada ee·loo·mee·na·da noisy ruidosa rwee·do·sa small pequeña pe·ke·nya The (air-conditioning) doesn’t work. No funciona (el aire no foon·syo·na (el ai·re acondicionado). a·kon·dee·syo·na·do) This (blanket) isn’t clean. Esta (cobija) no está es·ta (ko·bee·kha) no es·ta limpia. leem·pya For more things you might want in your room, see the dictionary. © Lonely Planet Publications acco m m o d atio n 57 a knock at the door … Who is it? ¿Quién es? kyen es Just a moment. Un momentito. oon mo·men·tee·to Come in. Pase. pa·se Come back ¿Puede volver más pwe·de vol·ver mas later, please. tarde, por favor? tar·de por fa·vor checking out pagando la cuenta What time is checkout? ¿A qué hora hay que dejar a ke o·ra ai ke de·khar la habitación? la a·bee·ta·syon Can I have a late checkout? ¿Puedo dejar la pwe·do de·khar la habitación más tarde? a·bee·ta·syon mas tar·de How much extra to stay until (6 o’clock)? ¿Cuánto cuesta quedarse kwan·to kwes·ta ke·dar·se hasta (las seis)? as·ta (las says) Can I leave my luggage here? ¿Puedo dejar mis pwe·do de·khar mees maletas aquí? ma·le·tas a·kee Can you call a taxi for me (for 11 o’clock)? ¿Me puede pedir un me pwe·de pe·deer oon taxi (para las once)? tak·see (pa·ra las on·se) There’s a mistake in the bill. Hay un error en la cuenta. ai oon e·ror en la kwen·ta I’m leaving now. Me voy ahora. me voy a·o·ra Could I have ¿Me puede dar …, me pwe·de dar … my …, please? por favor? por fa·vor deposit mi depósito mee de·po·see·to passport mi pasaporte mee pa·sa·por·te valuables mis objetos mees ob·khe·tos de valor de va·lor © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 58 I’ll be back … Volveré … vol·ve·re … in (three) days en (tres) días en (tres) dee·as on (Tuesday) el (martes) el (mar·tes) I had a great stay, thank you. Tuve una estancia muy too·ve oo·na es·tan·sya mooy agradable, gracias. a·gra·da·ble gra·syas You’ve been terrifi c. Han sido estupendos. pl an see·do es·too·pen·dos I’ll recommend it to my friends. Se lo recomendaré a mis se lo re·ko·men·da·re a mees amigos. a·mee·gos camping acampando Where’s the ¿Dónde está … don·de es·ta … nearest …? más cercana? mas ser·ka·na campsite el área para el a·re·a pa·ra acampar a·kam·par shop la tienda la tyen·da Do you have …? ¿Tiene …? tye·ne … electricity electricidad e·lek·tree·see·dad a site un lugar de oon loo·gar de acampado a·kam·pa·do shower facilities regaderas re·ga·de·ras tents for hire tiendas de tyen·das de campaña en kam·pa·nya en renta ren·ta How much is it ¿Cuánto es kwan·to es per …? por …? por … person persona per·so·na tent tienda tyen·da vehicle vehículo ve·ee·koo·lo © Lonely Planet Publications acco m m o d atio n 59 Can I …? ¿Se puede …? se pwe·de … camp here acampar aquí a·kam·par a·kee park next to estacionar al lado es·ta·syo·nar al la·do my tent de la tienda de la tyen·da Who do I ask to stay here? ¿Con quién tengo que hablar kon kyen ten·go ke a·blar para quedarme aquí? pa·ra ke·dar·me a·kee Could I borrow (a mallet)? ¿Me puede prestar me pwe·de pres·tar (un martillo)? (oon mar·tee·yo) Where’s the toilet block? ¿Dónde están los don·de es·tan los sanitarios? sa·nee·ta·ryos Is it coin-operated? ¿Funciona con monedas? foon·syo·na kon mo·ne·das Is the water drinkable? ¿El agua es potable? el a·gwa es po·ta·ble For more words related to camping, see the dictionary. renting rentando I’m here about the … for rent. Vengo por el/la … en renta. m/f ven·go por el/la … en ren·ta Do you have ¿Tiene … tye·ne … a/an … for rent? en renta? en ren·ta apartment un departamento oon de·par·ta·men ·to cabin una cabaña oo·na ka·ba·nya house una casa oo·na ka·sa room una recámara oo·na re·ka·ma·ra villa una villa oo·na vee·ya (partly) furnished (parcialmente) (par·syal·men·te) amueblado/a m/f a·mwe·bla·do/a unfurnished sin amueblar seen a·mwe·blar © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 60 How much is it ¿Cuánto cuesta kwan·to kwes·ta for …? por … por … (one) week (una) semana (oo·na) se·ma·na (two) months (dos) meses (dos) me·ses Are bills extra? ¿Los servicios se pagan los ser·vee·syos se pa·gan aparte? a·par·te staying with locals hospedándose con la gente de la zona Can I stay at your place? ¿Me puedo quedar en me pwe·do ke·dar en su/tu casa? pol/inf soo/too ka·sa Is there anything I can do to help? ¿Puedo ayudar en algo? pwe·do a·yoo·dar en al·go I have my own … Tengo mi ten·go mee propio/a … m/f pro·pyo/a … hammock hamaca f a·ma·ka mattress colchón m kol·chon sleeping bag bolsa f de dormir bol·sa de dor·meer Can I …? ¿Puedo …? pwe·do … bring anything traer algo para la tra·er al·go pa·ra la for the meal comida ko·mee·da do the dishes lavar los platos la·var los pla·tos set/clear poner/quitar po·ner/kee·tar the table la mesa la me·sa take out the sacar la sa·kar la rubbish basura ba·soo·ra Thanks for your hospitality. Gracias por su/tu gra·syas por soo/too hospitalidad. pol/inf os·pee·ta·lee·dad If you’re dining with your hosts, see eating out, page 139, for additional phrases. © Lonely Planet Publications 61 sh o p p in g shopping de compras looking for … buscando … Where’s (a supermarket)? ¿Dónde hay (un don·de ai (oon supermercado)? soo·per·mer·ka·do) Where can I buy (bread)? ¿Dónde puedo comprar (pan)? don·de pwe·do kom·prar (pan) For more items and shopping locations, see the dictionary. Want to know how to get there? See directions, page 49. making a purchase comprando algo I’d like to buy … Quisiera comprar … kee·sye·ra kom·prar … I’m just looking. Sólo estoy mirando. so·lo es·toy mee·ran·do How much is this? ¿Cuánto cuesta ésto? kwan·to kwes·ta es·to Can you write down the price? ¿Puede escribir el precio? pwe·de es·kree·beer el pre·syo Do you have any others? ¿Tiene otros? tye·ne o·tros Can I look at it? ¿Puedo verlo? pwe·do ver·lo © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 62 I don’t like it. No me gusta. no me goos·ta Does it have a guarantee? ¿Tiene garantía? tye·ne ga·ran·tee·a Could I have it wrapped? ¿Me lo podría envolver? me lo po·dree·a en·vol·ver Can I have it sent overseas/abroad? ¿Pueden enviarlo a pwe·den en·vyar·lo a otro país? o·tro pa·ees Can you order it for me? ¿Me lo puede pedir? me lo pwe·de pe·deer When can I pick it up? ¿Cuándo lo puedo recoger? kwan·do lo pwe·do re·ko·kher Can I pick it up later? ¿Puedo recogerlo más tarde? pwe·do re·ko·kher·lo mas tar·de It’s faulty/broken. Está defectuoso/roto. es·ta de·fek·two·so/ro·to Do you accept …? ¿Aceptan …? a·sep·tan … cash efectivo e·fek·tee·vo credit cards tarjetas de tar·khe·tas de crédito kre·dee·to debit cards tarjetas de tar·khe·tas de débito de·bee·to travellers cheques de che·kes de cheques viajero vya·khe·ro Could I have a …, ¿Podría darme …, po·dree·a dar·me … please? por favor? por fa·vor bag una bolsa oo·na bol·sa box una caja oo·na ka·kha receipt un recibo oon re·see·bo I’d like …, Quisiera …, kee·sye·ra … please. por favor. por fa·vor my change mi cambio mee kam·byo my money back que me devuelva ke me de·vwel·va el dinero el dee·ne·ro to return this devolver ésto de·vol·ver es·to © Lonely Planet Publications sh o p p in g 63 bargaining el regateo That’s too expensive. Es demasiado caro/a. m/f es de·ma·sya·do ka·ro/a The price is very high. El precio es muy alto. el pre·syo es mooy al·to Can you lower the price? ¿Podría bajar un poco po·dree·a ba·khar oon po·ko el precio? el pre·syo Do you have something cheaper? ¿Tiene algo más barato? tye·ne al·go mas ba·ra·to I’ll give you … Le doy … le doy … What’s your final price? ¿Cuál es su precio final? kwal es soo pre·syo fee·nal local talk bargain ganga f gan·ga bargain hunter cazador/ ka·sa·dor/ cazadora m/f ka·sa·do·ra de ofertas de o·fer·tas rip-off estafa f es·ta·fa specials rebajas f pl re·ba·khas sale venta f ven·ta clothes la ropa Can I try it on? ¿Me lo puedo probar? me lo pwe·do pro·bar It doesn’t fit. No me queda bien. no me ke·da byen It’s too (big). Está demasiado (grande). es·ta de·ma·sya·do (gran·de) © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 64 My size is … Soy talla … soy ta·ya … small chica chee·ka medium mediana me·dya·na large grande gran·de (40) (cuarenta) (kwa·ren·ta) For different types of clothes, see the dictionary. repairs reparaciones Can I have my … ¿Puede reparar pwe·de re·pa·rar repaired here? mi … aquí? mee … a·kee backpack mochila mo·chee·la camera cámara ka·ma·ra When will my ¿Cuándo estarán kwan·do es·ta·ran … be ready? listos mis …? lees·tos mees … shoes zapatos sa·pa·tos (sun)glasses lentes (de sol) len·tes (de sol) hairdressing en la estética I’d like (a) … Quisiera … kee·sye·ra … blow wave un secado a mano oon se·ka·do a ma·no colour un tinte oon teen·te haircut un corte de pelo oon kor·te de pe·lo highlights unos reflejos oo·nos re·fle·khos my beard que me recorte ke me re·kor·te trimmed la barba la bar·ba shave que me afeite ke me a·fay·te trim que me despunte ke me des·poon·te el pelo el pe·lo © Lonely Planet Publications sh o p p in g 65 Do you do …? ¿Aquí …? a·kee … facials hacen a·sen tratamientos tra·ta·myen·tos faciales fa·sya·les manicure hacen manicure a·sen ma·nee·kyoor massage dan masajes dan ma·sa·khes waxing depilan de·pee·lan Don’t cut it too short. No me lo corte no me lo kor·te demasiado corto. de·ma·sya·do kor·to Shave it all off! ¡Rápeme! ra·pe·me Please use a new blade. Por favor, use una por fa·vor oo·se oo·na navaja nueva. na·va·kha nwe·va I should never have let you near me! ¡No debería haberme no de·be·ree·a a·ber·me cortado con usted! kor·ta·do kon oos·ted For colours, see the dictionary. his & hers A salón de belleza is a hairdressing salon specifi cally for women, while a peluquería is for men. If you need a neutral word for ‘hairdresser’ use estética. books & reading libros & lectura Is there a/an ¿Hay alguna … ai al·goo·na … (English- (con material (kon ma·te·ryal language) …? en inglés)? en een·gles) bookshop libreria lee·bre·ree·a section sección sek·syon © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 66 Do you have a book by (Rosario Castellanos)? ¿Hay algún libro de ai al·goon lee·bro de (Rosario Castellanos)? (ro·sa·ree·o kas·te·ya·nos) Can you recommend a book for me? ¿Me puede recomendar me pwe·de re·ko·men·dar algún libro? al·goon lee·bro Do you have Lonely Planet guidebooks? ¿Tiene libros de tye·ne lee·bros de Lonely Planet? lon·lee pla·net I’d like a … Quisiera … kee·sye·ra … dictionary un diccionario oon deek·syo·na·ryo guidebook una guía oo·na gee·a turística too·rees·tee·ka magazine una revista oo·na re·vees·ta map un mapa oon ma·pa newspaper un periódico oon pe·ryo·dee·ko (in English) (en inglés) (en een·gles) listen for … no no te·ne·mos No, no tenemos. No, we don’t have any. see te·ne·mos al·goo·nas gee·as Sí, tenemos algunas guías. Yes, we have some guidebooks. music música I’d like … Quisiera … kee·sye·ra … a blank tape un cassette oon ka·set vírgen veer·khen a CD un cómpact oon kom·pakt headphones unos audífonos oo·nos ow·dee·fo·nos I heard a band called (Maná). Escuché a un grupo que se es·koo·che a oon groo·po ke se llama (Maná). ya·ma (ma·na) © Lonely Planet Publications sh o p p in g 67 I heard a singer called … Escuché a un cantante es·koo·che a oon kan·tan·te que se llama (Luis Miguel) ke se ya·ma (loo·ees mee·gel) What’s his/her best recording? ¿Cuál es su mejor disco? kwal es soo me·khor dees·ko Can I listen to this? ¿Puedo escucharlo? pwe·do es·koo·char·lo photography fotografía I need … film for Necesito un rollo ne·se·see·to oon ro·yo this camera. … para esta cámara. … pa·ra es·ta ka·ma·ra APS Advantix ad·van·teeks B&W blanco y negro blan·ko y ne·gro colour de color de ko·lor slide de transparencias de trans·pa·ren·syas (400) speed ASA a·sa (cuatrocientos) (kwa·tro·syen·tos) a 35 mm de treinta y de trayn·ta ee cinco seen·ko milímetros mee·lee·me·tros Can you …? ¿Puede …? pwe·de … develop this film revelar este rollo re·ve·lar es·te ro·yo load my film cargar la cámara kar·gar la ka·ma·ra I’d like … Quisiera … kee·sye·ra … borders marcos mar·kos double copies dos copias dos ko·pyas glossy en papel brillante en pa·pel bree·yan·te matte en papel mate en pa·pel ma·te panoramic panorámica pa·no·ra·mee·ka © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 68 How much is it to develop this film? ¿Cuánto cuesta revelar kwan·to kwes·ta re·ve·lar este rollo? es·te ro·yo When will it be ready? ¿Cuándo estará listo? kwan·do es·ta·ra lees·to I need passport photos taken. Necesito fotos tamaño ne·se·see·to fo·tos ta·ma·nyo pasaporte. pa·sa·por·te I’m (not) happy with these photos. (No) Estoy satisfecho/a con (no) es·toy sa·tee·fe·cho/a kon estas fotos. m/f es·tas fo·tos I don’t want to pay the full price. No quiero pagar el precio no kye·ro pa·gar el pre·syo total. to·tal For more photographic equipment, see the dictionary. souvenirs What is typical of the region? ¿Qué es típico de ke es tee·pee·ko de la región? la re·khyon alebrijes m pl a·le·bree·khes wood carvings of mythical creatures, crafted mainly in Oaxaca amate m a·ma·te decorated bark paper produced in central Mexico hamacas f pl a·ma·kas hammocks, usually made of cotton or nylon huaraches m pl wa·ra·ches leather sandals available all over Mexico huipiles m pl wee·pee·les traditional tunics worn mostly in the south jipijapas m pl khee·pee·kha·pas Panama-style hats sold in Mérida and Campeche piñatas f pl pee·nya·tas traditional festive dolls fi lled with candy © Lonely Planet Publications 69 co m m u n icatio n s communications las comunicaciones post office el correo I want to send a … Quisiera enviar … kee·sye·ra en·vyar … fax un fax oon faks letter una carta oo·na kar·ta money order un giro oon khee·ro parcel un paquete oon pa·ke·te postcard una postal oo·na pos·tal I want to buy … Quisiera comprar … kee·sye·ra kom·prar … an envelope un sobre oon so·bre stamps unos timbres oo·nos teem·bres airmail correo m aéreo ko·re·o a·e·re·o customs declaración f de de·kla·ra·syon de declaration aduana a·dwa·na domestic nacional na·syo·nal express mail correo m expreso ko·re·o ek·spre·so fragile frágil fra·kheel glue pegamento m pe·ga·men·to international internacional een·ter·na·syo·nal mailbox buzón m boo·son postcode código m postal ko·dee·go pos·tal registered mail correo m ko·re·o certifi cado ser·tee·fee·ka·do regular mail correo m ordinario ko·re·o or·dee·na·ryo sea mail vía marítima vee·a ma·ree·tee·ma © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 70 listen for … a don·de lo en·vee·a ¿A dónde lo envía? Where are you sending it? lo kye·re man·dar por ko·re·o ser·tee·fee·ka·do ¿Lo quiere mandar por Would you like to send correo certifi cado? it by registered post? por ko·re·o ek·spre·so o or·dee·na·ryo ¿Por correo expreso o Express post or ordinario? regular post? Please send it by air/regular mail to (France). Por favor, mándelo por vía por fa·vor man·de·lo por vee·a aérea/terrestre a (Francia). a·e·re·a/te·res·tre a (fran·sya) It contains … Contiene … kon·tye·ne … phone el teléfono What’s your phone number? ¿Cuál es su número de kwal es soo noo·me·ro de teléfono? te·le·fo·no Where’s the nearest public phone? ¿Dónde hay un teléfono don·de ai oon te·le·fo·no público? poo·blee·ko I want to make a call to (the USA). Quiero hacer una llamada kye·ro a·ser oo·na ya·ma·da a (los Estados Unidos). a (los es·ta·dos oo·nee·dos) I want to make a reverse charge/ collect call to (Singapore). Quiero hacer una llamada kye·ro a·ser oo·na ya·ma·da por cobrar a (Singapur). por ko·brar a (seen·ga·poor) © Lonely Planet Publications co m m u n icatio n s 71 I want … Quiero … kye·ro … to buy a phone comprar una kom·prar oo·na card tarjeta tar·khe·ta telefónica te·le·fo·nee·ka to speak for hablar por (tres) a·blar por (tres) (three) minutes minutos mee·noo·tos How much ¿Cuánto cuesta …? kwan·to kwes·ta … does … cost? a (three)- una llamada de oo·na ya·ma·da de minute call (tres) minutos (tres) mee·noo·tos each extra cada minuto ka·da mee·noo·to minute extra ek·stra The number is … El número es … el noo·me·ro es … What’s the area/ country code for …? ¿Cuál es la clave Lada de …? kwal es la kla·ve la·da de … It’s engaged. Está llamando. es·ta ya·man·do I’ve been cut off . Me colgaron. me kol·ga·ron The connection’s bad. La conexión es mala. la ko·nek·syon es ma·la Hello. (when making a call) ¡Hola! o·la It’s … (when introducing yourself) Habla … a·bla … Is … there? ¿Está…? es·ta … Can I speak to …, please? ¿Me comunica me ko·moo·nee·ka con…, por favor? kon … por fa·vor Can I leave a message? ¿Puedo dejar un pwe·do de·khar oon mensaje? men·sa·khe © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 72 What time will he/she be back? ¿A qué hora regresa? a ke o·ra re·gre·sa Please tell him/her I called. Por favor, dile que le llamé. por fa·vor dee·le ke le ya·me I’ll call back (later). Llamaré (más tarde). ya·ma·re (mas tar·de) What time should I call? ¿A qué hora debería llamar? a ke o·ra de·be·ree·a ya·mar My number is … Mi número es … mee noo·me·ro es … I don’t have a contact number. No tengo teléfono. no ten·go te·le·fo·no listen for … bwe·no ¿Bueno? Hello! (answering a call) de par·te de kyen ¿De parte de quién? Who’s calling? kon kyen kye·re a·blar ¿Con quién Who do you want to quiere hablar? speak to? a·o·ree·ta no es·ta Ahorita no está. I’m sorry, he’s/she’s not here. see a·kee es·ta Sí, aquí está. Yes, he’s/she’s here. no pwe·do o·eer·te No puedo oírte. I can’t hear you. oon mo·men·to Un momento. One moment. tye·ne el noo·me·ro e·kee·vo·ka·do Tiene el número Sorry, wrong number. equivocado. © Lonely Planet Publications co m m u n icatio n s 73 mobile/ cell phone el teléfono celular I’d like a/an … Quisiera … kee·sye·ra … adaptor plug un adaptador oon a·dap·ta·dor charger for un cargador para oon kar·ga·dor pa·ra my phone mi teléfono mee te·le·fo·no mobile/cell rentar un ren·tar oon phone for hire celular se·loo·lar prepaid mobile/ un celular con oon se·loo·lar kon cell phone tarjetas tar·khe·tas prepagadas pre·pa·ga·das SIM card for una tarjeta oo·na tar·khe·ta your network SIM para su red seem pa·ra soo red What are the rates? ¿Cuáles son las tarifas? kwa·les son las ta·ree·fas (Two pesos) per (30) seconds. (Dos pesos) por (treinta) (dos pe·sos) por (trayn·ta) segundos. se·goon·dos the internet el internet Where’s the local Internet cafe? ¿Dónde hay un cafe don·de ai oon ka·fe Internet por aquí? een·ter·net por a·kee I’d like to … Quisiera … kee·sye·ra … get Internet usar el oo·sar el access Internet een·ter·net check my email revisar re·vee·sar mi correo mee ko·re·o electrónico e·lek·tro·nee·ko use a printer usar una oo·sar oo·na impresora eem·pre·so·ra use a scanner usar un oo·sar oon escáner es·ka·ner © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 74 How much ¿Cuánto cuesta kwan·to kwes·ta per …? por …? por … CD cómpact kom·pakt (fi ve) minutes (cinco) (seen·ko) minutos mee·noo·tos hour hora o·ra page página pa·khee·na Do you have …? ¿Tiene …? tye·ne … Macs Macs maks PCs PCs pe·ses a Zip una unidad oo·na oo·nee·dad drive de Zip de seep How do I log on? ¿Cómo entro al sistema? ko·mo en·tro al sees·te·ma How do I log off ? ¿Cómo salgo del sistema? ko·mo sal·go del sees·te·ma Can you help me change to English-language preference? ¿Me puede ayudar a me pwe·de a·yoo·dar a cambiar la preferencia kam·byar la pre·fe·ren·sya al inglés? al een·gles Can I burn a CD? ¿Puedo quemar un cómpact? pwe·do ke·mar oon kom·pakt I need help with the computer. Necesito ayuda con la ne·se·see·to a·yoo·da kon la computadora. kom·poo·ta·do·ra This (computer) isn’t working. Esta (computadora) es·ta (kom·poo·ta·do·ra) no funciona. no foon·syo·na It’s crashed. Se trabó. se tra·bo I’ve fi nished. Ya terminé. ya ter·mee·ne For more computer-related terms, see the dictionary. © Lonely Planet Publications 75 b an k in g banking banca Where can I …? ¿Dónde puedo …? don·de pwe·do … I’d like to … Me gustaría … me goos·ta·ree·a … arrange a hacer una a·ser oo·na transfer transferencia trans·fe·ren·sya cash a cheque cambiar un kam·byar oon cheque che·ke change a cambiar un kam·byar oon travellers cheque cheque de viajero che·ke de vya·khe·ro change money cambiar dinero kam·byar dee·ne·ro get a cash obtener un ob·te·ner oon advance adelanto a·de·lan·to use internet usar la banca oo·sar la ban·ka banking por Internet por een·ter·net withdraw money sacar dinero sa·kar dee·ne·ro Where’s the ¿Dónde está …? don·de es·ta … nearest …? automatic teller el cajero el ka·khe·ro machine automático ow·to·ma·tee·ko más cercano mas ser·ka·no foreign exchange la casa la ka·sa de offi ce de cambio kam·byo más cercana mas ser·ka·na What time does the bank open? ¿A qué hora abre el banco? a ke o·ra a·bre el ban·ko The automatic teller machine took my card. El cajero automático el ka·khe·ro ow·to·ma·tee·ko se tragó mi tarjeta. se tra·go mee tar·khe·ta I’ve forgotten my PIN. Se me olvidó mi NIP. se me ol·vee·do mee neep Can I use my credit card to withdraw money? ¿Puedo usar mi tarjeta de pwe·do oo·sar mee tar·khe·ta de crédito para sacar dinero? kre·dee·to pa·ra sa·kar dee·ne·ro © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 76 What’s the exchange rate? ¿Cuál es el tipo de cambio? kwal es el tee·po de kam·byo What’s the commission? ¿Cuál es la comisión? kwal es la ko·mee·syon What’s the charge for that? ¿Cuánto hay que pagar por éso? kwan·to ai ke pa·gar por e·so Can I have smaller notes? ¿Me lo puede dar en me lo pwe·de dar en billetes más pequeños? bee·ye·tes mas pe·ke·nyos Has my money arrived yet? ¿Ya llegó mi dinero? ya ye·go mee dee·ne·ro How long will it take to arrive? ¿Cuánto tiempo tardará kwan·to tyem·po tar·da·ra en llegar? en ye·gar Where do I sign? ¿Dónde fi rmo? don·de feer·mo For other useful phrases, see money, page 35. listen for … ai oon pro·ble·ma kon soo kwen·ta Hay un problema con There’s a problem su cuenta. with your account. feer·me a·kee Firme aquí. Sign here. no po·de·mos a·ser e·so No podemos hacer eso. We can’t do that. pwe·de es·kree·beer·lo ¿Puede escribirlo? Can you write it down? soo ee·den·tee·fee·ka·syon/pa·sa·por·te Su identifi cación/pasaporte. Your ID/ passport. en … En … In … (seen·ko) (cinco ) (fi ve) dee·as a·bee·les días hábiles working days (dos) se·ma·nas (dos) semanas (two) weeks © Lonely Planet Publications 77 sig h tse e in g sightseeing visitas turísticas I’d like a/an … Quisiera … kee·sye·ra … audio set una audioguía oo·na ow·dyo·gee·a catalogue un catálogo oon ka·ta·lo·go guide (person) un guía oon gee·a guidebook in una guía oo·na gee·a English turística en too·rees·tee·ka en inglés een·gles (local) map un mapa oon ma·pa (de la zona) (de la so·na) Do you have ¿Tiene información tye·ne een·for·ma·syon information on sobre so·bre … sights? atracciones … a·trak·syo·nes … cultural culturales kool·too·ra·les local locales lo·ka·les religious religiosas re·lee·khyo·sas unique únicas oo·nee·kas I’d like to see … Me gustaría ver … me goos·ta·ree·a ver … What’s that? ¿Qué es eso? ke es e·so Who made it? ¿Quién lo hizo? kyen lo ee·so How old is it? ¿De cuándo es? de kwan·do es Could you take a photograph of me? ¿Me puede tomar una foto? me pwe·de to·mar oo·na fo·to Can I take a photograph (of you)? ¿Puedo tomar(le) una foto? pwe·do to·mar(le) oo·na fo·to I’ll send you the photograph. Le mandaré la foto. le man·da·re la fo·to © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 78 getting in la entrada What time does it open/close? ¿A qué hora abren/cierran? a ke o·ra a·bren/sye·ran What’s the admission charge? ¿Cuánto cuesta la entrada? kwan·to kwes·ta la en·tra·da It costs (20 pesos). Cuesta (veinte pesos). kwes·ta (vayn·te pe·sos) Is there a ¿Hay descuento ai des·kwen·to discount for …? para …? pa·ra … children niños nee·nyos families familias fa·mee·lyas groups grupos groo·pos pensioners jubilados khoo·bee·la·dos students estudiantes es·too·dyan·tes navel of the moon The mysterious origins of the word México have long been the subject of debate. One of the most popular theories is that México literally means ‘navel of the moon’ in the indigenous Nahuatl language, derived from meztli (moon) and xictli (navel). Another theory associates the name with the Nahuatl word metl (maguey plant). In the 15th and 16th centuries some clerics tried vainly to establish a link between México and the Hebrew word Mesi (Messiah). Other theories include ‘place of springs’ and ‘that which kills by an obsidian arrow’. In 1998, a ‘Round Table on the True Meaning of the Word México’ was convened in an attempt to lay the issue to rest once and for all. The panel agreed unanimously that the Aztecs who founded Mexico City called themselves mexítin (Mexicans) in honour of their leader Mexítli, known aff ec- tionately as ‘Mexi’. Add the Nahuatl suffi x -co (place of) and you get México: ‘Place of the Mexicans’. © Lonely Planet Publications sig h tse e in g 79 tours excursiones Can you ¿Puede recomendar pwe·de re·ko·men·dar recommend a …? algún …? al·goon … boat-trip paseo en lancha pa·se·o en lan·cha tour tour toor When’s the ¿Cuándo es la kwan·do es la next …? próxima …? prok·see·ma … daytrip excursión de ek·skoor·syon de un día oon dee·a excursion excursión ek·skoor·syon Is … included? ¿Incluye …? een·kloo·ye … accommodation alojamiento a·lo·kha·myen·to food comida ko·mee·da transport transporte trans·por·te Do I need to take … with me? ¿Necesito llevar …? ne·se·see·to ye·var … Can we hire a guide? ¿Podemos contratar po·de·mos kon·tra·tar un guía? oon gee·a The guide will pay. El guía va a pagar. el gee·a va a pa·gar The guide has paid. El guía ya pagó. el gee·a ya pa·go How long is the tour? ¿Cuánto dura el tour? kwan·to doo·ra el toor What time should I be back? ¿A qué hora tengo que regresar? a ke o·ra ten·go ke re·gre·sar © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 80 Be back here at (five o’clock). Regrese a (las cinco). re·gre·se a (las seen·ko) I’m with them. Estoy con ellos. es·toy kon e·yos I’ve lost my group. He perdido a mi grupo. e per·dee·do a mee groo·po local talk What’s (Aguascalientes) like? ¿Cómo es ko·mo es (Aguascalientes)? (a·gwas·ka·lyen·tes) I’ve been to (Zacatecas). He estado en (Zacatecas). e es·ta·do en (sa·ka·te·kas) There’s (not) … (No) Hay … (no) ai … a great un buen oon bwen restaurant/ restaurante/ res·tow·ran·te/ hotel hotel o·tel a lot to see mucho que ver moo·cho ke ver fabulous una muy oo·na mooy nightlife buena vida bwe·na vee·da nocturna nok·toor·na lots of culture mucha moo·cha cultura kool·too·ra There are (no) rip-off merchants. (No) Hay estafadores. (no) ai es·ta·fa·do·res There are (not) too many tourists. (No) Hay demasiados (no) ai de·ma·sya·dos turistas. too·rees·tas The best time to go is (December). La mejor época la me·khor e·po·ka para ir es (en pa·ra eer es (en diciembre). dee·syem·bre) © Lonely Planet Publications 81 b u sin e ss business los negocios I’m attending Estoy asistiendo es·toy a·sees·tyen·do a/an … a … a … conference un congreso oon kon·gre·so course un curso oon koor·so exhibition una oo·na exhibición ek·see·bee·syon meeting una reunión oo·na re·oo·nyon trade fair una feria de oo·na fe·rya de negocios ne·go·syos convention una convención oo·na kon·ven·syon I’m with … Estoy con … es·toy kon … my company mi compañía mee kom·pa·nyee·a my colleague(s) mi(s) colega(s) mee(s) ko·le·ga(s) (two) others (dos) más (dos) mas I’m alone. Estoy solo/a. m/f es·toy so·lo/a I’m staying at (the Hotel Juárez), room (90). Me estoy alojando en me es·toy a·lo·khan·do en (el Hotel Juárez), (el o·tel khwa·res) habitación (noventa). a·bee·ta·syon (no·ven·ta) I’m here for (two) days/weeks. Voy a estar (dos) días/ voy a es·tar (dos) dee·as/ semanas. se·ma·nas Here’s my business card. Aquí tiene mi tarjeta a·kee tye·ne mee tar·khe·ta de presentación. de pre·sen·ta·syon Let me introduce my colleague. Le/Te presento le/te pre·sen·to a mi colega. pol/inf a mee ko·le·ga I have an appointment with (Mr Alberto Estavillo). Tengo una cita con ten·go oo·na see·ta kon (Señor Alberto Estavillo). (se·nyor al·ber·to es·ta·vee·yo) © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 82 That went very well. Estuvo muy bien. es·too·vo mooy byen Shall we go for a drink/meal? ¿Vamos a tomar/comer algo? va·mos a to·mar/ko·mer al·go It’s on me. Yo invito. yo een·vee·to Where’s the …? ¿Dónde es …? don·de es … business centre el centro de el sen·tro de conferencias kon·fe·ren·syas conference el congreso el kon·gre·so meeting la reunión la re·oo·nyon I need … Necesito … ne·se·see·to … a connection una conexión oo·na ko·nek·syon to the Net a Internet a een·ter·net an interpreter un intérprete oon een·ter·pre·te to make fotocopiar fo·to·ko·pyar photocopies some space to espacio para es·pa·syo pa·ra set up instalarme een·sta·lar·me to send an enviar un correo en·vyar oon ko·re·o email electrónico e·lek·tro·nee·ko to send a fax enviar un fax en·vyar oon faks to use a usar una oo·sar oo·na computer computadora kom·poo·ta·do·ra I’m expecting a … Estoy esperando … es·toy es·pe·ran·do … call una llamada oo·na ya·ma·da fax un fax oon faks For equipment you might need at a conference, see the dictionary. business etiquette Mexicans have a friendly approach to doing business, and maintaining good relationships with business partners is given the highest priority. Responding to requests with a fl at ‘no’ and throwing documents on the table during a meeting is considered to be highly aggressive business behaviour. © Lonely Planet Publications 83 d isab le d trave lle rs disabled travellers viajeros discapacitados I have a disability. Soy discapacitado/a. m/f soy dees·ka·pa·see·ta·do/a I need assistance. Necesito asistencia. ne·se·see·to a·sees·ten·sya What services do you have for people with a disability? ¿Qué servicios tienen para ke ser·vee·syos tye·nen pa·ra discapacitados? dees·ka·pa·see·ta·dos I have a hearing aid. Llevo un aparato para ye·vo oon a·pa·ra·to pa·ra sordera. sor·de·ra I’m deaf. Soy sordo/a. m/f soy sor·do/a Are guide dogs permitted? ¿Se permite la entrada a se per·mee·te la en·tra·da a los perros guía? los pe·ros gee·a Is there wheelchair access? ¿Hay acceso para la silla de ai ak·se·so pa·ra la see·ya de ruedas? rwe·das How wide is the entrance? ¿Qué tan ancha es la entrada? ke tan an·cha es la en·tra·da Is there a lift? ¿Hay elevador? ai e·le·va·dor © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 84 How many steps are there? ¿Cuántos escalones hay? kwan·tos es·ka·lo·nes ai Is there somewhere I can sit down? ¿Hay algún lugar donde me ai al·goon loo·gar don·de me pueda sentar? pwe·da sen·tar Could you call me a disabled taxi, please? ¿Me puede llamar un taxi me pwe·de ya·mar oon tak·see para discapacitados? pa·ra dees·ka·pa·see·ta·dos Could you help me cross this street? ¿Me puede ayudar me pwe·de a·yoo·dar a cruzar la calle? a kroo·sar la ka·ye access for acceso m para ak·se·so pa·ra the disabled discapacitados dees·ka·pa·see·ta·dos Braille library biblioteca f bee·blyo·te·ka Braille brai·le guide dog perro m guía pe·ro gee·a person with persona f per·so·na a disability discapacitada dees·ka·pa·see·ta·da ramps rampas f pl ram·pas space (to move espacio m es·pa·syo around) (para desplazarse) (pa·ra des·pla·sar·se) wheelchair silla f de ruedas see·ya de rwe·das X marks the spot Beware of the letter x in Mexican Spanish, which can be pronounced four diff erent ways. In words such as México it’s pronounced kh (as in the Scottish ‘loch’) and in words like expreso it’s pronounced ks. In some words of indigenous origin, such as mixiotes and xcatic (types of food) it’s pronounced sh, but in place names like Xóchitl and Xochicalco it’s spoken as an s. Don’t get too confused by this – just check the coloured phonetic guides for the correct pronunciation. See also pronunciation, page 12. © Lonely Planet Publications 85 ch ild re n children niños Is there a/an …? ¿Hay …? ai … baby change una sala para oo·na sa·la pa·ra room cambiarle el kam·byar·le el pañal al bebé pa·nyal al be·be child-minding club para kloob pa·ra service niños nee·nyos children’s menu menú infantil me·noo een·fan·teel creche guardería gwar·de·ree·a (English- niñera (que nee·nye·ra (ke speaking) hable inglés) a·ble een·gles) babysitter family discount descuento des·kwen·to familiar fa·mee·lyar highchair silla para bebé see·ya pa·ra be·be park un parque oon par·ke playground juegos por aquí khwe·gos por a·kee nearby theme park una feria oo·na fe·rya toyshop una juguetería oo·na joo·ge·te·ree·a I need a … Necesito … ne·se·see·to … baby seat un asiento de oon a·syen·to de seguridad para se·goo·ree·dad pa·ra bebé be·be booster seat un asiento de oon a·syen·to de seguridad para se·goo·ree·dad pa·ra niños nee·nyos crib una cuna oo·na koo·na potty una bacinica oo·na ba·see·nee·ka stroller una carreola oo·na ka·re·o·la bottle una mamila oo·na ma·mee·la dummy un chupón oon choo·pon nappies unos pañales oo·nos pa·nyal·es © Lonely Planet Publications P R A C T IC A L 86 Do you mind if I breast-feed here? ¿Le molesta que dé el le mo·les·ta ke de el pecho aquí? pe·cho a·kee Are children allowed? ¿Se admiten niños? se ad·mee·ten nee·nyos Is this suitable for (four)-year-old children? ¿Es apto para niños de es ap·to pa·ra nee·nyos de (cuatro) años? (kwa·tro) a·nyos kids’ talk When’s your birthday? ¿Cuándo es tu kwan·do es too cumpleaños? koom·ple·a·nyos Do you go to school or kindergarten? ¿Vas a la primaria o vas a la pree·ma·rya o a kinder? a keen·der What grade are you in? ¿En qué grado estás? en ke gra·do es·tas Do you like school? ¿Te gusta la escuela? te goos·ta la es·kwe·la Do you like sport? ¿Te gusta el deporte? te goos·ta el de·por·te What do you do after school? ¿Qué haces después de la ke a·ses des·pwes de la escuela? es·kwe·la Do you learn English? ¿Aprendes inglés? a·pren·des een·gles I come from very far away. Vengo de muy lejos. ven·go de mooy le·khos Show me how to play. Dime cómo se juega. dee·me ko·mo se khwe·ga Well done! ¡Muy bien! mooy byen © Lonely Planet Publications 87 C O P Y R IG H T © Lonely Planet Publications. To make it easier for you to use, access to this chapter is not digitally restricted. In return, we think it’s fair to ask you to use it for personal, non-commercial purposes only. In other words, please don’t upload this chapter to a peer-to-peer site, mass email it to everyone you know, or resell it. See the terms and conditions on our site for a longer way of saying the above - ‘Do the right thing with our content.’ © Lonely Planet Publications 87 m e e tin g p e o p le SOCIAL > meeting people conociendo gente basics lo básico Yes. Sí. see No. No. no Please. Por favor. por fa·vor Thank you (Muchas) Gracias. (moo·chas) gra·syas (very much). You’re welcome. De nada. de na·da Sorry. (regret) Lo siento. lo syen·to Sorry. (apology) Perdón. per·don Excuse me. (regret) Perdón. per·don Excuse me. (attention or apology) Discúlpe. dees·kool·pe greetings saludos Hi. ¡Hola! inf o·la Hello. Buen día. bwen dee·a Good day. Buen día. bwen dee·a Good morning. Buenos días. bwe·nos dee·as Good afternoon. Buenas tardes. bwe·nas tar·des (until about 7pm) Good evening. Buenas noches. bwe·nas no·ches Good night. Buenas noches. bwe·nas no·ches See you later. Hasta luego. as·ta lwe·go Goodbye. ¡Adiós! a·dyos How are you? ¿Cómo está? pol ko·mo es·ta ¿Cómo estás? inf ko·mo es·tas ¿Cómo están? ko·mo es·tan pl pol&inf Fine, thanks. Bien, gracias. byen gra·syas © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 88 What’s your name? ¿Cómo se llama usted? pol ko·mo se ya·ma oo·sted ¿Cómo te llamas? inf ko·mo te ya·mas My name is … Me llamo … me ya·mo … I’d like to introduce you to … Le presento a … pol le pre·sen·to a … Te presento a … inf te pre·sen·to a … I’m pleased to meet you. Mucho gusto. moo·cho goos·to getting friendly Remember that there are two ways of saying ‘you’. When addressing a stranger, an older person or someone in a position of authority, use the polite form usted oos·ted. When talking to children or people who are familiar to you, use the informal form tu too. In this book we have used the most appropriate form for each phrase, but where you see pol/inf you have both options. titles & addressing people títulos & maneras de dirigirse a la gente The terms Don (Sir) and Doña (Madam) are sometimes used to address older men and women in rural areas but are rare else- where. Use the word Señor to show politeness towards a man and Señora for a woman. Unless you are talking to a very young girl avoid using Señorita altogether, otherwise you may come across as patronising. You might also hear children address their godfather as padrino and godmother as madrina. Mr Señor se·nyor young man Jóven kho·ven Mrs/Ms Señora se·nyo·ra Miss/Ms Señorita se·nyo·ree·ta Doctor Doctor(a) m/f dok·tor/dok·to·ra © Lonely Planet Publications m e e tin g p e o p le 89 making conversation platicando Do you live here? ¿Vive/Vives aquí? pol/inf vee·ve/vee·ves a·kee Where are you going? ¿A dónde va/vas? pol/inf a don·de va/vas What are you doing? ¿Qué hace/haces? pol/inf ke a·se/a·ses Are you waiting (for a bus)? ¿Está/Estás esperando es·ta/es·tas es·pe·ran·do (el autobús)? pol/inf (el ow·to·boos) Can I have a light, please? ¿Tiene/Tienes un tye·ne/tye·nes oon encendedor, por favor? pol/inf en·sen·de·dor por fa·vor What’s this called? ¿Cómo se llama ésto? ko·mo se ya·ma es·to What a beautiful baby! ¡Qué bebé tan hermoso/a! m/f ke be·be tan er·mo·so/a three amigos The most common word for friend is amigo/a m/f, but Mexican Spanish has an abundance of fun alternatives. You may hear people call each other mano m or mana f, an abbreviation of hermano/a (brother/sister). Close male friends may call each other güey (buddy), while in the north friends sometimes address each other as batos (youngsters). Here are some other colloquial Mexican words for friend: cuate m&f kwa·te (lit: twin) chavo/a m/f cha·vo/a (lit: kid) maestro/a m/f ma·es·tro/a (lit: master) © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 90 This is my … Éste/a es mi … m/f es·te/a es mee … brother hermano er·ma·no child hijo/a m/f ee·kho/a colleague colega m&f ko·le·ga friend amigo/a m/f a·mee·go/a husband esposo es·po·so partner (intimate) pareja m&f pa·re·kha sister hermana er·ma·na wife esposa es·po·sa I’m here … Estoy aquí … es·toy a·kee … for a holiday de vacaciones de va·ka·syo·nes on business en viaje de en vya·khe de negocios ne·go·syos to study estudiando es·too·dyan·do with my family con mi familia kon mee fa·mee·lya with my friends con mis kon mees amigos/as m/f a·mee·gos/as with my partner con mi pareja m&f kon mee pa·re·kha How long are you here for? ¿Cuánto tiempo va/vas a kwan·to tyem·po va/vas a estar aquí? pol/inf es·tar a·kee I’m here for … weeks/days. Voy a estar … voy a es·tar … semanas/días. se·ma·nas/dee·as Do you like it here? ¿Le/Te gusta este lugar? pol/inf le/te goos·ta es·te loo·gar I love it here. Me encanta este lugar. me en·kan·ta es·te loo·gar © Lonely Planet Publications m e e tin g p e o p le 91 local talk Hey! ¡Oye! inf o·ye ¡Oiga! pol oy·ga How’s things? Qué tal? ke tal What’s new? Qué onda? ke on·da What’s up? Quihubo? kyoo·bo It’s/I’m OK. Está/Estoy bien. es·ta/es·toy byen OK. Okey. o·kay How cool! ¡Qué padre! ke pa·dre Great! ¡Padrísimo! pa·dree·see·mo No problem. No hay problema. no ai pro·ble·ma Sure. Seguro. se·goo·ro Maybe. Tal vez. tal ves No way! ¡De ninguna de neen·goo·na manera! ma·ne·ra Check this out! ¡Checa ésto! che·ka es·to nationalities nacionalidades Where are you from? ¿De dónde es/eres? pol/inf de don·de es/e·res I’m from … Soy de … soy de … Australia Australia ow·stra·lya Japan Japón kha·pon the USA los Estados los es·ta·dos Unidos oo·nee·dos For more countries, see the dictionary. © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 92 gringo lingo Are you a gringo? In Mexico the word gringo/a m/f describes a person from the USA, while elsewhere in Latin America it can refer to any foreigner. Americans needn’t be off ended by the term, which is rarely derogatory. It can be used to describe anything that has come from over the northern border, whether people, cars or fi lms. A popular myth is that the term originated during the war between Mexico and the USA (1846–1848). American soldiers, who wore green uniforms, were supposedly taunted with the slogan ‘Green, go home!’. The most likely theory though is that gringo is derived from the Spanish griego meaning ‘Greek’. age la edad How old …? ¿Cuántos años …? kwan·tos a·nyos … are you tiene/tienes pol/inf tye·ne/tye·nes is your daughter tiene su/tu tye·ne soo/too hija pol/inf ee·kha is your son tiene su/tu tye·ne soo/too hijo pol/inf ee·kho I’m … years old. Tengo … años. ten·go … a·nyos He’s/She’s … years old. Tiene … años. tye·ne … a·nyos Too old! ¡Demasiados! de·ma·sya·dos I’m younger than I look. Soy más joven de lo que soy mas kho·ven de lo ke parezco. pa·res·ko For your age, see numbers & amounts, page 29. © Lonely Planet Publications m e e tin g p e o p le 93 occupations & studies el empleo & los estudios What’s your occupation? ¿A qué se dedica? pol a ke se de·dee·ka ¿A qué te dedicas? inf a ke te de·dee·kas I’m a/an … Soy … soy … chef chef m&f chef teacher maestro/a m/f ma·es·tro/a writer escritor/ es·kree·tor/ escritora m/f es·kree·to·ra I work in … Trabajo en … tra·ba·kho en … communications comunicaciones ko·moo·nee·ka· syo·nes education educación e·doo·ka·syon hospitality hotelería o·te·le·ree·a I’m … Estoy … es·toy … retired jubilado/a m/f khoo·bee·la·do/a unemployed desempleado/a m/f des·em·ple·a·do/a I’m self-employed. Trabajo por mi cuenta. tra·ba·kho por mee kwen·ta What are you studying? ¿Qué estudia/estudias? pol/inf ke es·too·dya/es·too·dyas I’m studying … Estudio … es·too·dyo … business economía e·ko·no·mee·a history historia ees·to·rya languages idiomas ee·dyo·mas For more occupations and studies, see the dictionary. © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 94 family la familia Do you have (children)? ¿Tiene/Tienes (hijos)? pol/inf tye·ne/tye·nes (ee·khos) I have (a partner). Tengo (una pareja). ten·go (oo·na pa·re·kha) Do you live with (your family)? ¿Vive/Vives con (su/tu vee·ve/vee·ves kon (soo/too familia)? pol/inf fa·mee·lya) I live with (my parents). Vivo con (mis papás). vee·vo kon (mees pa·pas) This is (my mother). Ésta es (mi mamá). es·ta es (mee ma·ma) Are you married? ¿Está casado/a? m/f pol es·ta ka·sa·do/a ¿Estás casado/a? m/f inf es·tas ka·sa·do/a I live with someone. Vivo con alguien. vee·vo kon al·gyen I’m … Soy … soy … married casado/a m/f ka·sa·do/a separated separado/a m/f se·pa·ra·do/a single soltero/a m/f sol·te·ro/a For more kinship terms, see the dictionary. © Lonely Planet Publications m e e tin g p e o p le 95 farewells despedidas Tomorrow is my last day here. Mañana es mi último ma·nya·na es mee ool·tee·mo día aquí. dee·a a·kee Here’s my … Éste/a es mi … m/f es·te/a es mee … What’s your …? ¿Cuál es tu …? kwal es too … (email) address dirección f dee·rek·syon (de email) (de ee·mayl) fax number número m de fax noo·me·ro de faks mobile number número m de noo·me·ro de celular se·loo·lar work number número m del noo·me·ro del trabajo tra·ba·kho If you ever visit Si algún día see al·goon dee·a (Australia) … visitas vee·see·tas (Australia) … (ow·stra·lya) … come and ven a ven a visit us visitarnos vee·see·tar·nos you can stay te puedes quedar te pwe·des ke·dar with me conmigo kon·mee·go I’ll send you copies of the photos. Te mandaré copias te man·da·re ko·pyas de las fotos. de las fo·tos Keep in touch! ¡Mantente en contacto! man·ten·te en kon·tak·to It’s been great meeting you. Ha sido un placer a see·do oon pla·ser conocerte. ko·no·ser·te I’m going to miss you! ¡Te voy a extrañar! te voy a ek·stra·nyar For addresses, see also directions, page 49. © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 96 chicano chic Americans with a Mexican background often choose to identify themselves as chicanos – or chicanas for women – a label derived from the word mexicano (formally pronounced me·shee·ka·no). Though originally a derogatory term, today the word chicano denotes an empowered Mexican-American cultural identity. The rise of chicano identity politics in the USA has led to a greater recognition of Chicano Spanish as a unique form of Mexican Spanish. Chicanos may use older words that have disappeared from ‘standard’ Mexican and European Spanish such as semos for somos (we are), as well as new words infl uenced by English such as cookiar (cook). Here are a few common chicanoisms: Chicano ‘Standard’ English Spanish Mexican Spanish ansina así like this dispués después after leyer leer read muncho mucho much/a lot naiden nadie nobody nejecitar necesitar need ónde dónde where parkiar estacionar park pos pués since prebar probar try watchar mirar watch © Lonely Planet Publications 97 in te re sts interests intereses common interests intereses en común What do you do in your spare time? ¿Qué te gusta hacer en tu ke te goos·ta a·ser en too tiempo libre? tyem·po lee·bre Do you like …? ¿Te gusta …? te goos·ta … I (don’t) like … (No) Me gusta … (no) me goos·ta … cooking cocinar ko·see·nar dancing bailar bai·lar films el cine el see·ne gardening la jardinería la khar·dee·ne·ree·a reading la lectura la lek·too·ra socialising hacer vida social a·ser vee·da so·syal travelling viajar vya·khar For more hobbies and sports, see sports, page 125, and the dictionary. if you please In Spanish, in order to say you like something, you say me gusta (lit: me it-pleases). If it’s a plural noun, use me gustan (lit: me they-please). I like dancing. Me gusta bailar. me goos·ta bai·lar I like this song. Me gusta ésta canción. me goos·ta es·ta kan·syon I like tacos. Me gustan los tacos. me goos·tan los ta·kos © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 98 music la música Do you like to …? Te gusta …? te goos·ta … dance bailar bai·lar go to concerts ir a conciertos eer a kon·syer·tos listen to music escuchar es·koo·char música moo·see·ka play an tocar un to·kar oon instrument instrumento een·stroo·men·to sing cantar kan·tar What bands do you like? ¿Qué grupos te gustan? ke groo·pos te goos·tan What music do you like? ¿Qué música te gusta? ke moo·see·ka te goos·ta classical music música f moo·see·ka clásica kla·see·ka electronic music música f moo·see·ka electrónica e·lek·tro·nee·ka jazz jazz m yas metal metal m me·tal pop música f pop moo·see·ka pop punk música f punk moo·see·ka ponk merengue merengue m me·ren·ge music in Spanish música f en moo·see·ka en español es·pa·nyol rock rock m rok R & B rhythm and blues m ree·dem and bloos salsa salsa f sal·sa traditional music música f moo·see·ka tradicional tra·dee·syo·nal world music música f moo·see·ka folklórica fol·klo·ree·ka Planning to go to a concert? See buying tickets, page 38 and going out, page 109. © Lonely Planet Publications in te re sts 99 you can’t stop the música From latin rhythms blaring from bus stereos to wandering mariachis and live salsa bands, music is absolutely every- where in Mexico. Here are some unique styles to listen for: corridos ko·ree·dos narrative ballads infl uenced by polka and waltz styles huapango wa·pan·go a fast, indigenous dance-song from the Huastec region música tropical moo·see·ka tro·pee·kal slow-paced rhythmic music of Caribbean origin including danzón (Cuba) and cumbia (Colombia) norteño nor·ten·yo country ballad and dance music from northern Mexico ranchera ran·che·ra very cheesy country-style music son son a folk fusion of African, Spanish and indigenous music styles, combining guitar, violin and voice trova tro·va poetic troubadour-style folk music cinema & theatre el cine & el teatro I feel like going Tengo ganas ten·go ga·nas to a … de ir a ver una … de eer a ver oo·na … comedy comedia ko·me·dya film película pe·lee·koo·la play obra de teatro o·bra de te·a·tro © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 100 What’s showing at the cinema/theatre tonight? ¿Qué dan en el cine/teatro ke dan en el see·ne/te·a·tro esta noche? es·ta no·che Is it in English/Spanish? ¿Es en inglés/español? es en een·gles/es·pan·nyol Does it have subtitles? ¿Tiene subtítulos? tye·ne soob·tee·too·los Have you seen …? ¿Has visto …? as vees·to … Who’s in it? ¿Quién actúa? kyen ak·too·a It stars … Actúa(n) … sg/pl ak·too·a(n) … Did you like the film? ¿Te gustó la película? te goos·to la pe·lee·koo·la I thought it was … Pienso que fue … pyen·so ke fwe … excellent excelente ek·se·len·te OK regular re·goo·lar long largo/a m/f lar·go/a very bad malísimo/a m/f ma·lee·see·mo/a animated films dibujos m pl dee·boo·khos animados a·nee·ma·dos comedy comedia f ko·me·dya documentaries documentales m pl do·koo·men·ta·les drama drama m dra·ma film noir cine m negro see·ne ne·gro (Mexican) cinema cine m see·ne (mexicano) (me·khee·ka·no) horror movies películas f pl pe·lee·koo·las de terror de te·ror sci-fi películas f pl pe·lee·koo·las de ciencia ficción de syen·sya feek·syon short films cortos m pl kor·tos thrillers películas f pl pe·lee·koo·las de suspenso de soos·pen·so © Lonely Planet Publications in te re sts 101 reading la lectura What kind of books do you read? ¿Qué tipo de libros lees? ke tee·po de lee·bros le·es Which (Mexican) author do you recommend? ¿Qué autor (mexicano) ke ow·tor (me·khee·ka·no) me recomiendas? me re·ko·myen·das Have you read anything by (Carlos Fuentes)? ¿Has leído a (Carlos Fuentes)? as le·ee·do a (kar·los fwen·tes) Have you read (Our Word is Our Weapon)? ¿Has leído (Nuestra arma as le·ee·do (nwes·tra ar·ma es nuestra palabra)? es nwes·tra pa·la·bra) novel ideas Literature is considered an important part of Mexican culture and the nation has a very lively literary scene. Much of the activity centres on Mexico City, the location of choice for literary greats such as the Colombian emigre Gabriel García Marquéz. You may already be familiar with Laura Esquivel’s Como agua para chocolate (Like Water for Chocolate) which has been adapted as a fi lm. Good bookshops will stock English translations of famous modern authors such as Carlos Fuentes, Rosario Castellanos, Mariano Azuela and Nobel Prize winner Octavio Paz. Newer Mexican writers to look out for include Jorge Volpi, Pedro Ángel Palou and Ignacio Padilla. © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 102 On this trip I’m reading … En este viaje estoy en es·te vya·khe es·toy leyendo … le·yen·do … I’d recommend … Te recomiendo a … te re·ko·myen·do a … Where can I exchange books? ¿Dónde puedo don·de pwe·do intercambiar libros? een·ter·kam·byar lee·bros body language Be aware of sending the wrong signals with your body language. In Mexico, women are expected to initiate handshakes with men, but will greet other women with a kiss on the cheek or a pat on the forearm. Conversations take place at a close physical distance and male acquain- tances often hug each other when meeting. When paying for something, place the cash or credit card directly into the hand of the person you’re dealing with, even if you’re in a restaurant. Leaving payment on the counter can be interpreted as a sign that you don’t respect the person enough to have contact with them. © Lonely Planet Publications 103 fe e lin g s & o p in io n s feelings & opinions los sentimientos & las opiniones feelings los sentimientos Feelings are described with either nouns or adjectives: the nouns use ‘have’ in Spanish (eg, ‘I have hunger’) and the adjectives use ‘be’ (like in English). I’m (not) … (No) Estoy … (no) es·toy … Are you …? ¿Está/Estás …? pol/inf es·ta/es·tas … bored aburrido/a m/f a·boo·ree·do/a happy feliz fe·lees sick enfermo/a m/f en·fer·mo/a I’m (not) … (No) Tengo … (no) ten·go … Are you …? ¿Tiene/Tienes …? pol/inf tye·ne/tye·nes … cold frío free·o hungry hambre am·bre sleepy sueño swe·nyo thirsty sed sed For more feelings, see the dictionary. mixed emotions a little un poco oon po·ko I’m a little sad. Estoy un poco triste. es·toy oon po·ko trees·te quite bastante bas·tan·te I’m quite disappointed. Estoy bastante es·toy bas·tan·te decepcionado/a. m/f de·sep·syo·na·do/a very muy mooy I’m very happy. Estoy muy feliz. es·toy mooy fe·lees © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 104 opinions opiniones Did you like it? ¿Le/Te gustó? pol/inf le/te goos·to What did you think of it? ¿Qué pensó/pensaste ke pen·so/pen·sas·te de eso? pol/inf de e·so I thought it was … Pienso que fue … pyen·so ke fwe … It’s … Es … es … absurd absurdo/a m/f ab·soor·do/a beautiful hermoso/a m/f er·mo·so/a bizarre extraño/a m/f ek·stra·nyo/a crap una porquería oo·na por·ke·ree·a crazy loco/a m/f lo·ko/a cute bonito/a m/f bo·nee·to/a entertaining entretenido/a m/f en·tre·te·nee·do/a excellent excelente ek·se·len·te full-on extremo/a m/f ek·stre·mo/a horrible horrible o·ree·ble incomprehen- incompren- een·kom·pren· sible sible see·ble revolutionary acronyms Mexican politics is peppered with acronyms. Look for some of the following in newspaper headlines and street grafi tti: EZLN Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Zapatista National Liberation Army) FZLN Frente Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (Zapatista National Liberation Front) PAN Partido Acción Nacional (National Action Party) PDPR Partido Democrático Popular Revolucionario (People’s Revolutionary Democratic Party) PRD Partido de la Revolución Democrática (Democratic Revolution Party) PRI Partido Revolucionario Institucional (Institutional Revolutionary Party) © Lonely Planet Publications fe e lin g s & o p in io n s 105 politics & social issues la política & los temas sociales While Mexicans are very critical of their leaders, they can also be fiercely patriotic at the same time. Visitors should try to pick the mood, and ask questions before offering opinions. Mexican history, art and culture are fruitful subjects of conversation. As a rule, avoid topics such as the Mexican-American war and illegal immigration. Who do you vote for? ¿Por quién vota/votas? pol/inf por kyen vo·ta/vo·tas I support the Apoyo al a·po·yo al … party. partido … par·tee·do … I’m a member Soy miembro del soy myem·bro del of the … party. partido … par·tee·do … communist Comunista ko·moo·nees·ta conservative Conservador kon·ser·va·dor green Verde ver·de liberal Progresista pro·gre·sees·ta (progressive) labour Laborista la·bo·rees·ta social democratic Socialdemócrata so·syal·de·mo·kra·ta socialist Socialista so·sya·lees·ta I (don’t) agree with … (No) estoy de acuerdo con … (no) es·toy de a·kwer·do kon … Are you against …? ¿Está/Estás en es·ta/es·tas en contra de …? pol/inf kon·tra de … Are you in favour of …? ¿Está/Estás a favor de …? pol/inf es·ta/es·tas a fa·vor de … How do people feel about …? ¿Cómo se siente la gente ko·mo se syen·te la khen·te acerca de …? a·ser·ka de … In my country we are concerned about … En mi país nos en mi pa·ees nos preocupamos por … pre·o·koo·pa·mos por … © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 106 abortion aborto m a·bor·to animal rights derechos m pl de·re·chos de animales de a·nee·ma·les corruption corrupción f ko·roop·syon crime crimen m kree·men discrimination discriminación f dees·kree·mee·na·syon drugs drogas f pl dro·gas the economy economía f e·ko·no·mee·a education educación f e·doo·ka·syon exploitation explotación f ek·splo·ta·syon the environment medio m me·dyo ambiente am·byen·te equal opportunity igualdad f ee·gwal·dad de oportunidades de o·por·too·nee·da·des euthanasia eutanasia f e·oo·ta·na·sya globalisation globalización f glo·ba·lee·sa·syon human rights derechos m pl de·re·chos humanos oo·ma·nos indigenous rights derechos m pl de·re·chos de indígenas de een·dee·khe·nas immigration inmigración f een·mee·gra·syon inequality desigualdad f des·ee·gwal·dad machismo machismo m ma·chees·mo party politics políticas f pl po·lee·tee·kas de partido de par·tee·do poverty pobreza f po·bre·sa privatisation privatización f pree·va·tee·sa·syon racism racismo m ra·sees·mo sexism sexismo m sek·sees·mo social welfare seguridad f se·goo·ree·dad social so·syal terrorism terrorismo m te·ro·rees·mo the war in … la guerra f en … la ge·ra en … unemployment desempleo m des·em·ple·o violence violencia f vyo·len·sya © Lonely Planet Publications fe e lin g s & o p in io n s 107 the environment el medio ambiente Is there a/an (environmental) problem here? ¿Aquí hay problemas con a·kee ai pro·ble·mas kon (el medio ambiente)? (el me·dyo am·byen·te) biodegradable biodegradable byo·de·gra·da·ble conservation conservación f del kon·ser·va·syon del medio ambiente me·dyo am·byen·te deforestation deforestación f de·fo·res·ta·syon drought sequía f se·kee·a ecosystem ecosistema m e·ko·sees·te·ma genetically cultivos/ kool·tee·vos/ modified alimentos m pl a·lee·men·tos crops/foods transgénicos trans·khe·nee·kos irrigation irrigación f ee·ree·ga·syon ozone layer capa f de ozono ka·pa de o·so·no pesticides pesticidas m pl pes·tee·see·das pollution contaminación f kon·ta·mee·na·syon recyclable reciclable re·see·kla·ble recycling programas m pl pro·gra·mas programme de reciclaje de re·see·kla·khe water supply suministro m soo·mee·nees·tro de agua de a·gwa Is this … ¿Está protegido/a es·ta pro·te·khee·do/a protected? éste/a …? m/f es·te /a … forest bosque m bos·ke park parque m par·ke species especie f es·pe·sye © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 108 local talk Are you pulling ¿Me estás me es·tas my leg? vacilando? va·see·lan·do How about that? ¿Qué tal? ke tal How interesting! ¡Qué interesante! ke een·te·re·san·te Just joking. Estoy es·toy bromeando. bro·me·an·do Listen (to this)! ¡Escucha (esto)! es·koo·cha (es·to) Look! ¡Mira! mee·ra Of course! ¡Por supuesto! por soo·pwes·to Really? ¿De veras? de ve·ras That’s great! ¡Está padrísimo! es·ta pa·dree·see·mo That’s incredible! ¡Es increíble! es een·kre·ee·ble You bet! ¡Ya lo creo! ya lo kre·o You don’t say! ¡No me digas! no me dee·gas © Lonely Planet Publications 109 g o in g o u t going out salidas where to go a dónde ir What’s there to do in the evenings? ¿Qué se puede hacer en las ke se pwe·de a·ser en las noches? no·ches What’s on …? ¿Qué hay …? ke ai … locally en la zona en la so·na this weekend este fin de es·te feen de semana se·ma·na today hoy oy tonight esta noche es·ta no·che Is there a local ¿Hay una guía ai oo·na gee·a … guide? de … de la zona? de … de la so·na entertainment entretenimiento en·tre·te·nee·myen·to film cines see·nes gay los lugares gay los loo·ga·res gay music de música de moo·see·ka Where are the …? ¿Dónde hay …? don·de ai … bars bares ba·res cafes cafeterías ka·fe·te·ree·as clubs discos dees·kos gay venues lugares gay loo·ga·res gay places to eat lugares donde loo·ga·res don·de comer ko·mer pubs bares ba·res © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 110 I feel like Tengo ganas ten·go ga·nas going to … de ir … de eer … a cafe a una a oo·na cafetería ka·fe·te·ree·a a concert a un concierto a oon kon·syer·to the movies al cine al see·ne a party a una fiesta a oo·na fyes·ta a restaurant a un restaurante a oon res·tow·ran·te the theatre al teatro al te·a·tro Where can we go (salsa) dancing? ¿Dónde podemos ir a don·de po·de·mos eer a bailar (salsa)? bai·lar (sal·sa) What’s the cover charge? ¿Cuánto cuesta el cover? kwan·to kwes·ta el ko·ver It’s free. Es gratis. es gra·tees three mexicans walk into a bar … From rowdy rum-soaked saloons to cosy and romantic lounge-bars, Mexico has it all. antro an·tro bar or nightclub, formerly used to describe a dive bar bar a place for drinking and talking, rather than dancing or listening to live music cantina kan·tee·na a uniquely Mexican establishment (often recognisable by Wild-West style swinging doors) where tequila, mezcal, beer, rum and brandy are the order of the day – some cantinas are exclusively men-only zones, while others are more relaxed. peña pen·ya a place to go for either a drink or a meal, usually with live romantic Mexican music © Lonely Planet Publications g o in g o u t 111 invitations las invitaciones What are you ¿Qué vas a ke vas a doing …? hacer …? a·ser … right now ahorita a·o·ree·ta this evening esta noche es·ta no·che this weekend este fin de es·te feen de semana se·ma·na tomorrow mañana ma·nya·na Would you ¿Te gustaría …? te goos·ta·ree·a … like to go …? dancing ir a bailar eer a bai·lar out somewhere salir a algún sa·leer a al·goon lado la·do I feel like going Me gustaría me goos·ta·ree·a for a … ir a … eer a … coffee tomar un café to·mar oon ka·fe drink tomar algo to·mar al·go meal comer ko·mer walk caminar ka·mee·nar My round. Yo invito. yo een·vee·to Do you know a good restaurant? ¿Conoces algún buen ko·no·ses al·goon bwen restaurante? res·tow·ran·te Do you want to come to the (Café Tacuba) concert with me? ¿Quieres venir conmigo al kye·res ve·neer kon·mee·go al concierto (de Café Tacuba)? kon·syer·to (de ka·fe ta·koo·ba) We’re having a party. Vamos a hacer una fiesta. va·mos a a·ser oo·na fyes·ta You should come. ¿Por qué no vienes? por ke no vye·nes © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 112 responding to invitations respondiendo a invitaciones Sure! ¡Claro que sí, gracias! kla·ro ke see gra·syas Yes, I’d love to. Sí, me encantaría. see me en·kan·ta·ree·a Where shall we go? ¿En dónde vamos? en don·de va·mos Thanks, but I’m afraid I can’t. Gracias, pero no puedo. gra·syas pe·ro no pwe·do What about tomorrow? ¿Qué tal mañana? ke tal ma·nya·na Sorry, I can’t sing/dance. Perdón, no sé cantar/bailar. per·don no se kan·tar/bai·lar arranging to meet organizando un encuentro What time shall we meet? ¿A qué hora nos vemos? a ke o·ra nos ve·mos Where will we meet? ¿Dónde nos vemos? don·de nos ve·mos Let’s meet … Nos vemos … nos ve·mos … at (eight o’clock) a (las ocho) a (las o·cho) at the (entrance) en la (entrada) en la (entrada) © Lonely Planet Publications g o in g o u t 113 I’ll pick you up. Paso por tí. pa·so por tee I’ll be coming later. Te alcanzo más tarde. te al·kan·so mas tar·de Where will you be? ¿Dónde vas a estar? don·de vas a es·tar If I’m not there by (nine), don’t wait for me. Si no llego a las (nueve), see no ye·go a las (nwe·ve) no me esperes. no me es·pe·res OK! ¡OK! o·kay I’ll see you then. Nos vemos. nos ve·mos See you later. Hasta luego. as·ta lwe·go See you tomorrow. Hasta mañana. as·ta ma·nya·na I’m looking forward to it. Tengo muchas ganas de ir. ten·go moo·chas ga·nas de eer Sorry I’m late. Perdón por llegar tarde. per·don por ye·gar tar·de Never mind. No te preocupes. no te pre·o·koo·pes timing isn’t everything Being late for an appointment isn’t the end of the world in Mexico. In situations where punctuality is important, make sure you add en punto – meaning ‘exactly’ – after arranging a time to meet. Family obligations always take precedence over social or business meetings, and if you’re invited to a party it’s expected that you’ll arrive between thirty minutes to an hour later than the specifi ed time. © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 114 drugs las drogas I don’t take drugs. No consumo drogas. no kon·soo·mo dro·gas I have … occasionally. Consumo … kon·soo·mo … de vez en cuando. de ves en kwan·do Do you want to have a smoke? ¿Nos fumamos un churro? nos foo·ma·mos oon choo·ro I’m high. Estoy pacheco/a. m/f es·toy pa·che·ko/a smoking the devil Slang words for marijuana include mota (lit: fl eck) or hierba (lit: grass). A joint is called a churro (lit: fritter) or a gallo (lit: rooster). If someone wants to suggest having a smoke they may ask ¿Le quemamos las patas al diablo?, which can be translated as ‘Shall we burn the devil’s paws?’ © Lonely Planet Publications 115 ro m an ce romance romance asking someone out invitando a alguien a salir Would you like to do something (tonight)? ¿Quieres hacer algo kye·res a·ser al·go (esta noche)? (es·ta no·che) Yes, I’d love to. Sí, me encantaría. see me en·kan·ta·ree·a No, I’m afraid I can’t. Gracias, pero no puedo. gra·syas pe·ro no pwe·do Not if you were the last person on Earth! ¡Ni aunque fueras la última nee own·ke fwe·ras la ool·tee·ma persona en el mundo! per·so·na en el moon·do local talk He’s (a) … Él … el es … She’s (a) … Ella es … e·ya es … bitch una perra oo·na pe·ra hot caliente ka·lyen·te hot girl cachonda ka·chon·da hot guy cachondo ka·chon·do gorgeous guapísimo/a m/f gwa·pee·see·mo/a prick un cabrón oon ka·bron slut una puta oo·na poo·ta What a babe! (about a man) ¡Que tipo tan bueno! ke tee·po tan bwe·no What a babe! (about a woman) ¡Que vieja tan buena! ke vye·kha tan bwe·na He/She gets around. Se va a la cama con se va a la ka·ma kon cualquiera. kwal·kye·ra © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 116 pick-up lines frases para ligar Would you like a drink? ¿Te invito una copa? te een·vee·to oo·na ko·pa What star sign are you? ¿Cuál es tu signo? kwal es too seeg·no Shall we get some fresh air? ¿Vamos afuera? va·mos a·fwe·ra Do you study or do you work? ¿Estudias o trabajas? es·too·dyas o tra·ba·jas You mustn’t come here much, because I would have noticed you sooner. No debes venir muy no de·bes ve·neer mooy seguido porque me habría se·gee·do por·ke me a·bree·a fijado en tí antes. fee·kha·do en tee an·tes Do you have a light? ¿Tienes encendedor? tye·nes en·sen·de·dor You have (a) Tienes … tye·nes … beautiful … body un muy oon mooy buen cuerpo bwen kwer·po eyes unos ojos oo·nos o·khos preciosos pre·syo·sos hands unas manos oo·nas ma·nos preciosas pre·syo·sas laugh una risa oo·na ree·sa preciosa pre·syo·sa personality una gran oo·na gran personalidad per·so·na·lee·dad © Lonely Planet Publications ro m an ce 117 rejections rechazos I’m here with my boyfriend/girlfriend. Estoy aquí con mi novio/a. es·toy a·kee kon mee no·vyo/a I have a boyfriend/girlfriend. Tengo novio/a. ten·go no·vyo/a Excuse me, I have to go now. Lo siento, pero me tengo lo syen·to pe·ro me ten·go que ir. ke eer I’m not interested. No estoy interesado/a. m/f no es·toy een·te·re·sa·do/a Hey, I’m not interested in talking to you. Mira, no me interesa mee·ra no me een·te·re·sa hablar contigo. ab·lar kon·tee·go Your ego is out of control. Tu ego está fuera de too e·go es·ta fwe·ra de control. kon·trol Leave me alone! Déjame en paz. de·kha·me en pas Piss off! ¡Vete a la mierda! ve·te a la myer·da getting closer acercándose You’re very nice. Eres muy simpático/a. m/f e·res mooy seem·pa·tee·ko/a You’re very attractive. Eres muy atractivo/a. m/f e·res mooy a·trak·tee·vo/a You’re great. Eres genial. e·res khe·nyal I like you very much. Me gustas mucho. me goos·tas moo·cho © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 118 Do you like me too? ¿Yo te gusto? yo te goos·to I’m interested in you. Me interesas. me een·te·re·sas Can I kiss you? ¿Te puedo besar? te pwe·do be·sar Will you take me home? ¿Me acompañas a mi casa? me a·kom·pa·nyas a mee ka·sa Do you want to come inside for a while? ¿Quieres pasar un rato? kye·res pa·sar oon ra·to sticky situations The adjective cachondo/a m/f has two diff erent mean- ings depending on which form of the verb ‘to be’ is used. For example: Juan es cachondo means ‘Juan is a babe’. (the verb ser) but Juan está cachondo means ‘Juan is horny’. (the verb estar) sex sexo I want to make love to you. Quiero hacerte el amor. kye·ro a·ser·te el a·mor Do you have a condom? ¿Tienes un condón? tye·nes oon kon·don Let’s use a condom. Usemos un condón. oo·se·mos oon kon·don I won’t do it without protection. No lo haré sin protección. no lo a·re seen pro·tek·syon I think we should stop now. Pienso que deberíamos pyen·so ke de·be·ree·a·mos parar. pa·rar © Lonely Planet Publications ro m an ce 119 Let’s go to bed! ¡Vamos a la cama! va·mos a la ka·ma Kiss me! ¡Bésame! be·sa·me I want you. Te deseo. te de·se·o Take this off. Quítate ésto. kee·ta·te es·to Do you like this? ¿Te gusta éstos? te goos·ta es·to I (don’t) like that. Esto (no) me gusta. es·to (no) me goos·ta Touch me here. Tócame aquí. to·ka·me a·kee Oh my God! ¡Ay dios! ai dyos Oh yeah! ¡Sí, sí! see see That’s great. ¡Eso es genial! e·so es khe·nyal Easy tiger! ¡Tranquilo! tran·kee·lo Please stop! ¡Para! pa·ra Please don’t stop! ¡No pares! no pa·res harder más fuerte mas fwer·te faster más rápido mas ra·pee·do softer más suave mas swa·ve slower más despacio mas des·pa·syo That was amazing. Eso fue increíble. e·so fwe een·kre·ee·ble It’s my first time. Es mi primera vez. es mee pree·me·ra ves I can’t get it up – sorry. Lo siento, no se me para. lo syen·to no se me pa·ra Don’t worry, I’ll do it myself. No te preocupes, yo lo hago. no te pre·o·koo·pes yo lo a·go It helps to have a sense of humour. Ayuda tener sentido del a·yoo·da te·ner sen·tee·do del humor. oo·mor Can I meet you tomorrow? ¿Puedo verte mañana? pwe·do ver·te ma·nya·na Can I stay over? ¿Puedo quedarme? pwe·do ke·dar·me When can I see you again? ¿Cuándo nos vemos kwan·do nos ve·mos de nuevo? de nwe·vo © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 120 love el amor I’m in love with you. Estoy enamorado/a de tí. m/f es·toy e·na·mo·ra·do/a de tee I love you. Te amo. te a·mo I think we’re good together. Creo que hacemos buena kre·o ke a·se·mos bwe·na pareja. pa·re·kha problems problemas Are you seeing someone else? ¿Me estás engañando con me es·tas en·ga·nyan·do kon alguien? al·gyen He’s just a friend. Es un amigo, nada más. es oon a·mee·go na·da mas She’s just a friend. Es una amiga, nada más. es oo·na a·mee·ga na·da mas We’ll work it out. Lo resolveremos. lo re·sol·ve·re·mos I want to end the relationship. Quiero que terminemos. kye·ro ke ter·mee·ne·mos I never want to see you again. No quiero volver a verte. no kye·ro vol·ver a ver·te I want to stay friends. Quiero que quedemos kye·ro ke ke·de·mos como amigos. ko·mo a·mee·gos are you horny? If someone suspects that their partner is cheating on them, they may ask ¿Me está poniendo los cuernos? which roughly means ‘Are you putting horns on my head?’ © Lonely Planet Publications 121 b e lie fs & cu ltu ral d iffe re n ce s beliefs & cultural differences las creencias & las diferencias culturales religion la religión What’s your religion? ¿Cuál es su/tu religión? pol/inf kwal es soo/too re·lee·khyon I (don’t) believe in God. (No) Creo en Dios. (no) kre·o en dyos I’m (not) … (No) Soy … (no) soy … agnostic agnóstico/a m/f ag·nos·tee·ko/a atheist ateo/a m/f a·te·o/a Buddhist budista boo·dees·ta Catholic católico/a m/f ka·to·lee·ko/a Christian cristiano/a m/f krees·tya·no/a Hindu hindú een·doo Jewish judío/a m/f khoo·dee·o/a Muslim musulmán/ moo·sool·man/ musulmana m/f moo·sool·ma·na practising practicante prak·tee·kan·te protestant protestante pro·tes·tan·te religious religioso/a m/f re·lee·khyo·so/a I’d like to go Me gustaría ir a … me goos·ta·ree·a … to (the) … church la iglesia la ee·gle·sya mosque la mezquita la mes·kee·ta synagogue la sinagoga la see·na·go·ga temple el templo el tem·plo Can I … here? ¿Puedo … aquí? pwe·do … a·kee Where can I …? ¿Dónde puedo …? don·de pwe·do … attend mass ir a misa eer a mee·sa make confession confesarme kon·fe·sar·me (in English) (en inglés) (en een·gles) pray rezar re·sar receive comulgar ko·mool·gar communion © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 122 cultural diff erences las diferencias culturales Is this a local or national custom? ¿Es una costumbre local es oo·na kos·toom·bre lo·kal o nacional? o na·syo·nal I’m not used to this. No estoy acostumbrado/a no es·toy a·kos·toom·bra·do/a a ésto. m/f a es·to I don’t mind watching, but I’d rather not join in. No me importa mirar, no me eem·por·ta mee·rar pero prefiero no participar. pe·ro pre·fye·ro no par·tee·see·par I’ll try it. Lo probaré. lo pro·ba·re Sorry, I didn’t mean to say/do something wrong. Perdón, lo dice/hice per·don lo dee·se/ee·se sin querer. seen ke·rer I’m sorry, it’s Perdón, pero eso per·don pe·ro e·so against my … va en contra de … va en kon·tra de … beliefs mis creencias mees kre·en·syas culture mi cultura mee kool·too·ra religion mi religión mee re·lee·khyon This is (very) … Esto es (muy) … es·to es (mooy) … diff erent diferente dee·fe·ren·te fun divertido dee·ver·tee·do interesting interesante een·te·re·san·te © Lonely Planet Publications 123 art art el arte When’s the museum open? ¿A qué hora abre el museo? a ke o·ra a·bre el moo·se·o When’s the gallery open? ¿A qué hora abre la galería? a ke o·ra a·bre la ga·le·ree·a What kind of art are you interested in? ¿Qué tipo de arte le/te ke tee·po de ar·te le/te interesa? pol/inf een·te·re·sa What’s in the collection? ¿Qué hay en la colección? ke ai en la ko·lek·syon It’s a (cartoon) exhibition. Hay una exposición de ai oo·na ek·spo·see·syon de (historieta). (ees·to·rye·ta) What do you think of (Frida Kahlo)? ¿Qué piensa/piensas de ke pyen·sa/pyen·sas de (Frida Kahlo)? pol/inf (free·da ka·lo) I’m interested in (Mexican muralism). Me interesa (el muralismo me een·te·re·sa (el moo·ra·lees·mo mexicano). me·khee·ka·no) I like the works of (José Guadalupe Posada). Me gusta la obra de (José me goos·ta la o·bra de (kho·se Guadalupe Posada). gwa·da·loo·pe po·sa·da) … art arte m … ar·te … abstract abstracto ab·strak·to Aztec Azteca as·te·ka colonial colonial ko·lo·nyal contemporary contemporáneo kon·tem·po·ra·ne·o Mayan maya ma·ya Mexican mexicano me·khee·ka·no Modernist modernista mo·der·nees·ta prehispanic prehispánico pre·ees·pa·nee·ko religious religioso re·lee·khyo·so revolutionary revolucionario re·vo·loo·syo·na·ryo © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 124 artist artista m&f ar·tees·ta architecture arquitectura f ar·kee·tek·too·ra artwork obra f de arte o·bra de ar·te canvas tela f te·la curator curador m koo·ra·dor design diseño m dee·se·nyo etching grabado m gra·ba·do handicraft artesanía f ar·te·sa·nee·a installation instalación f een·sta·la·syon opening inauguración f ee·now·goo·ra·syon painter pintor/pintora m/f peen·tor/peen·to·ra painting (canvas) cuadro m kwa·dro painting (art) pintura f peen·too·ra period periodo m pe·ryo·do print impresión f eem·pre·syon sculptor escultor/ es·kool·tor/ escultora m/f es·kool·to·ra sculpture escultura f es·kool·too·ra statue estatua f es·ta·twa studio estudio m es·too·dyo style estilo m es·tee·lo technique técnica f tek·nee·ka © Lonely Planet Publications 125 sp o rt sport el deporte sporting interests los intereses deportivos Do you like (sport)? ¿Te gustan los deportes? te goos·tan los de·por·tes Yes, very much. Sí, mucho. see moo·cho Not really. En realidad, no mucho. en re·a·lee·dad no moo·cho I like watching it. Me gusta ver. me goos·ta ver What sport do you play? ¿Qué deporte practicas? ke de·por·te prak·tee·kas What sport do you follow? ¿A qué deporte eres a ke de·por·te e·res aficionado/a? m/f a·fee·syo·na·do/a I play (basketball). Practico (el balconcesto). prak·tee·ko (el ba·lon·ses·to) I follow (soccer). Soy aficionado/a al (fútbol). m/f soy a·fee·syo·na·do/a al (foot·bol) Who’s your favourite sportsperson? ¿Quién es tu deportista kyen es too de·por·tees·ta favorito/a? m/f fa·vo·ree·to/a Who’s your favourite team? ¿Cuál es tu equipo favorito? kwal es too e·kee·po fa·vo·ree·to For more sports, see the dictionary. © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 126 going to a game asistiendo a un partido Would you like to go to a ( soccer) match? ¿Te gustaría ir a un te goos·ta·ree·a eer a oon partido (de fútbol)? par·tee·do (de foot·bol) Who are you supporting? ¿A qué equipo te vas? a ke e·kee·po te vas Who’s playing? ¿Quién juega? kyen khwe·ga Who’s winning? ¿Quién va ganando? kyen va ga·nan·do How much time is left? ¿Cuánto tiempo queda kwan·to tyem·po ke·da (de partido)? (de par·tee·do) What’s the score? ¿Cómo van? ko·mo van It’s a draw. Es un empate. es oon em·pa·te What was the final score? ¿Cómo terminó el partido? ko·mo ter·mee·no el par·tee·do It was a draw. Fue un empate. fwe oon em·pa·te That was a … ¡Fue un fwe oon game! partido …! par·tee·do … bad malo ma·lo boring aburridísimo a·boo·ree·dee·see·mo great buenísimo bwe·nee·see·mo sports talk What a …! ¡Qué …! ke … goal gol gol hit tiro tee·ro kick chute choo·te pass pase pa·se © Lonely Planet Publications sp o rt 127 playing sport practicando un deporte Do you want to play? ¿Quieres jugar? kye·res khoo·gar Can I join in? ¿Puedo jugar? pwe·do khoo·gar Yes, that’d be great. Sí, me encantaría. see me en·kan·ta·ree·a Not at the moment, thanks. Ahorita no, gracias. a·o·ree·ta no gra·syas I have an injury. Estoy lastimado/a. m/f es·toy las·tee·ma·do/a Where’s the best place to jog around here? ¿Cuál es el mejor sitio kwal es el me·khor see·tyo para correr por aquí cerca? pa·ra ko·rer por a·kee ser·ka Where’s the ¿Dónde queda …? don·de ke·da … nearest …? gym el gimnasio el kheem·na·syo más cercano mas ser·ka·no park el parque más el par·ke mas cercano ser·ka·no sports club el club el kloob deportivo más de·por·tee·vo mas cercano ser·ka·no swimming pool la alberca más la al·ber·ka mas cercana ser·ka·na tennis court la cancha de la kan·cha de tenis más te·nees mas cercana ser·ka·na What’s the ¿Cúanto cobran kwan·to ko·bran charge per …? por …? por … day día dee·a game juego khwe·go hour hora o·ra visit visita vee·see·ta © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 128 Can I hire a …? ¿Puedo pwe·do rentar una …? ren·tar oo·na … ball pelota pe·lo·ta court cancha kan·cha racquet raqueta ra·ke·ta Do I have to be a member to attend? ¿Hay que ser socio/a ai ke ser so·syo/a para entrar? m/f pa·ra en·trar Is there a women-only pool? ¿Hay alguna alberca sólo ai al·goo·na al·ber·ka so·lo para mujeres? pa·ra moo·khe·res Where are the changing rooms? ¿Dónde están los vestidores? don·de es·tan los ves·tee·do·res Can I have a locker? ¿Puedo usar un casillero? pwe·do oo·sar oon ka·see·ye·ro a sporting chance Some visitors might fi nd Mexico’s traditional sports to be a little gruesome, but whatever your opinion, local sports are a cultural experience to remember. Look for posters advertising the following: corridas de toros ko·ree·das de to·ros bullfi ghting, especially popular in major towns pelota mixteca pe·lo·ta meek·ste·ka a fi ve-a-side ball game reconstructed from a pre- Hispanic version that often ended with human sacrifi ce lucha libre loo·cha lee·bre theatrical free-style Mexican wrestling in which both competitors are masked peleas de gallos pe·le·as de ga·yos cockfi ghts – two roosters fi ght to the death using deadly blades attached to their feet © Lonely Planet Publications sp o rt 129 diving el buceo I’d like to … Me gustaría … me goos·ta·ree·a … explore wrecks explorar ek·splo·rar naufragios now·fra·khyos go scuba diving hacer buceo a·ser boo·se·o libre lee·bre go snorkelling esnorquelear es·nor·ke·le·ar hire diving gear rentar equipo ren·tar e·kee·po de buceo de boo·se·o hire snorkelling rentar equipo ren·tar e·kee·po gear para esnorkelear pa·ra es·nor·ke·le·ar join a diving tour unirme a un oo·neer·me a oon tour de buceo toor de boo·se·o learn to dive aprender a a·pren·der a bucear boo·se·ar Where are some good diving sites? ¿Dónde hay buenos lugares don·de ai bwe·nos loo·ga·res para bucear? pa·ra boo·se·ar Are there jellyfish? ¿Hay aguasmalas? ai a·gwas·ma·las Where can I hire (flippers)? ¿Dónde puedo rentar (aletas)? don·de pwe·do ren·tar (a·le·tas) extreme sports los deportes extremos Are you sure this is safe? ¿De verdad que ésto es seguro? de ver·dad ke es·to es se·goo·ro Is the equipment secure? ¿Es seguro el equipo? es se·goo·ro el e·kee·po This is insane! ¡Esto es una locura! es·to es oo·na lo·koo·ra © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 130 abseiling rappel m ra·pel bungy-jumping bungy-jump m bon·yee yomp caving espeleología f es·pe·le·o·lo·khee·a game fishing pesca f deportiva pes·ka de·por·tee·va mountain ciclismo m de see·klees·mo de biking montaña mon·ta·nya parasailing esquí m acuático es·kee a·kwa·tee·ko con paracaídas kon pa·ra·ka·ee·das rock-climbing escalada f en roca es·ka·la·da en ro·ka skydiving paracaidismo m pa·ra·ka·ee·dees·mo white-water descenso m de ríos de·sen·so de ree·os rafting For more words and phrases you might need while hiking or trekking, see outdoors, page 133, and camping, page 58. fishing la pesca Do I need a fishing permit? ¿Necesito una licencia ne·se·see·to oo·na lee·sen·sya para pescar? pa·ra pes·kar Do you do fishing tours? ¿Hay tours de pesca? ai toors de pes·ka Where are the good spots (for fishing)? ¿Dónde hay buenos lugares don·de ai bwe·nos loo·ga·res (para pescar)? (pa·ra pes·kar) What’s the best bait? ¿Cuál es la mejor carnada? kwal es la me·khor kar·na·da Are they biting? ¿Están picando? es·tan pee·kan·do What kind of fish are you landing? ¿Qué peces estás sacando? ke pe·ses es·tas sa·kan·do How much does it weigh? ¿Cuánto pesa? kwan·to pe·sa © Lonely Planet Publications sp o rt 131 bait carnada f kar·na·da handline línea f de mano lee·ne·a de ma·no hooks anzuelos m pl an·swe·los flare luz f de bengala loos de ben·ga·la float flotador m flo·ta·dor lifejacket chaleco m cha·le·ko salvavidas sal·va·vee·das lures señuelos m pl se·nywe·los rod caña f de pescar ka·nya de pes·kar sinkers plomadas f pl plo·ma·das soccer el fútbol Who plays for (the Pumas)? ¿Quién juega en kyen khwe·ga en (los Pumas)? (los poo·mas) He’s a great (player). Es un gran (jugador). es oon gran (khoo·ga·dor) He/She played brilliantly in the match against (Venezuela). Jugó excelente en el khoo·go ek·se·len·te en el partido contra par·tee·do kon·tra (Venezuela). (ve·ne·swe·la) Which team is at the top of the league? ¿Qué equipo está primero ke e·kee·po es·ta pree·me·ro en la liga? en la lee·ga What a terrible team! ¡Qué equipo tan malo! ke e·kee·po tan ma·lo © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 132 ball balón m ba·lon corner (kick) tiro m de esquina tee·ro de es·kee·na free kick tiro m libre tee·ro lee·bre goal gol m gol goal (place) portería f por·te·ree·a goalkeeper portero m por·te·ro mid-fielder mediocampista m me·dyo·kam·pees·ta offside fuera de lugar fwe·ra de loo·gar penalty penalty m pe·nal·tee red card tarjeta f roja tar·khe·ta ro·kha striker delantero m de·lan·te·ro yellow card tarjeta f amarilla tar·khe·ta a·ma·ree·ya Off to see a match? Check out going to a game, page 126. tennis el tenis Would you like to play tennis? ¿Quieres jugar tenis? kye·res khoo·gar te·nees Can we play at night? ¿Podemos jugar de noche? po·de·mos khoo·gar de no·che ace saque m as sa·ke as advantage ventaja f ven·ta·kha fault falta f fal·ta game, set, juego, set y khwe·go set ee match partido m par·tee·do play doubles jugar dobles khoo·gar do·bles serve saque m sa·ke set set m set tennis balls pelotas f pl de tenis pe·lo·tas de te·nees tennis court cancha f de tenis kan·cha de te·nees © Lonely Planet Publications 133 o u td o o rs outdoors al aire libre hiking el excursionismo Where can I …? ¿Dónde puedo …? don·de pwe·do … buy supplies comprar kom·prar provisiones pro·vee·syo·nes find out about encontrar en·kon·trar hiking trails información een·for·ma·syon sobre rutas so·bre roo·tas para pa·ra excursionismo ek·skoor·syo·nees·mo find someone encontrar a en·kon·trar a who knows alguien que al·gyen ke this area conozca la zona ko·nos·ka la so·na get a map obtener un mapa ob·te·ner oon ma·pa hire hiking gear rentar equipo ren·tar e·kee·po para pa·ra excursionismo ek·skoor·syo·nees·mo Do we need to ¿Necesitamos ne·se·see·ta·mos take …? llevar …? ye·var … bedding algo en que al·go en ke dormir dor·meer food comida ko·mee·da water agua a·gwa Which is the … ¿Cuál es la ruta kwal es la roo·ta route? más …? mas … easiest fácil fa·seel longest larga lar·ga shortest corta kor·ta Is the track …? ¿El sendero está …? el sen·de·ro es·ta … (well-)marked (bien) marcado (byen) mar·ka·do open abierto a·byer·to © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 134 How high is the climb? ¿A qué altura se escala? a ke al·too·ra se es·ka·la How long is the hike? ¿Qué tan larga es la caminata? ke tan lar·ga es la ka·mee·na·ta How long is the trail? ¿Qué tan larga es la ruta? ke tan lar·ga es la roo·ta Is the track scenic? ¿Es escénico el sendero? es e·se·nee·ko el sen·de·ro Do we need a guide? ¿Necesitamos un guía? ne·se·see·ta·mos oon gee·a Are there guided treks? ¿Hay escaladas guiadas? ai es·ka·la·das gee·a·das Is it safe? ¿Es seguro? es se·goo·ro Is there a hut there? ¿Hay alguna cabaña? ai al·goo·na ka·ba·nya When does it get dark? ¿A qué hora oscurece? a ke o·ra os·koo·re·se Where have you come from? ¿De dónde vienes/vienen? sg/pl de don·de vye·nes/vye·nen How long did it take? ¿Cuánto tardaste? kwan·to tar·das·te Does this path go to (Morelia)? ¿Este camino va a (Morelia)? es·te ka·mee·no va a (mo·re·lya) Can we go through here? ¿Podemos atravesar po·de·mos a·tra·ve·sar por aquí? por a·kee Is the water OK to drink? ¿Se puede tomar el agua? se pwe·de to·mar el a·gwa I’m lost. Estoy perdido/a. m/f es·toy per·dee·do/a © Lonely Planet Publications o u td o o rs 135 Where’s …? ¿Dónde …? don·de … a camping site hay un lugar para ai oon loo·gar pa·ra acampar a·kam·par the nearest está pueblo más es·ta el pwe·blo mas village cercano ser·ka·no Where are the …? ¿Dónde hay …? don·de ai … showers regaderas re·ga·de·ras toilets sanitarios sa·nee·ta·ryos beach la playa Where’s the … ¿Dónde está la don·de es·ta la beach? playa …? pla·ya … best más padre mas pa·dre nearest más cercana mas ser·ka·na nudist nudista noo·dees·ta Is it safe to … here? ¿Es seguro … aquí? es se·goo·ro … a·kee dive echarse clavados e·char·se kla·va·dos scuba dive bucear boo·se·ar swim nadar na·dar What time is ¿A qué hora es la a ke o·ra es la … tide? marea …? ma·re·a … high alta al·ta low baja ba·kha listen for … e·res mo·de·lo ¿Eres modelo? Are you a model? es pe·lee·gro·so ¡Es peligroso! It’s dangerous! kwee·da·do kon la ko·ryen·te Cuidado con la corriente. Be careful of the undertow. © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 136 How much for ¿Cuánto cuesta kwan·to kwes·ta a/an …? rentar una …? ren·tar oo·na … chair silla see·ya hut palapa pa·la·pa umbrella sombrilla som·bree·ya Are there any …? ¿Hay …? ai … reefs arrecifes a·re·see·fes rips corrientes ko·ryen·tes water hazards peligros en el pe·lee·gros en el agua a·gwa signs Prohibido Nadar pro·ee·bee·do na·dar No Swimming weather el clima What’s the weather like? ¿Cómo está el clima? ko·mo es·ta el klee·ma (Today) It’s raining. (Hoy) Llueve. (oy) ywe·ve (Tomorrow) It will be raining. (Mañana) Lloverá. (ma·nya·na) yo·ve·ra (Today) It’s … Hoy está … oy es·ta … Will it be … ¿Estará … es·ta·ra … tomorrow? mañana? ma·nya·na cloudy nublado noo·bla·do sunny soleado so·le·a·do warm cálido ka·lee·do windy ventoso ven·to·so (Today) It’s … (Hoy) hace … (oy) a·se … Will it be … Mañana hará …? ma·nya·na a·ra … tomorrow? cold frío free·o hot calor ka·lor © Lonely Planet Publications o u td o o rs 137 Where can I ¿Dónde puedo don·de pwe·do buy …? comprar un …? kom·prar oon … an umbrella paraguas pa·ra·gwas a rain jacket impermeable eem·per·me·a·ble dry season época f de secas e·po·ka de se·kas hail granizo m gra·nee·so rainy season época f e·po·ka de lluvias de yoo·vyas storm tormenta f tor·men·ta sun sol m sol flora & fauna flora & fauna What … is ¿Qué … es ke … es that? ése/a? m/f e·se/a animal animal m a·nee·mal flower flor f flor plant planta f plan·ta tree árbol m ar·bol Is it …? ¿Es …? es … common común ko·moon dangerous peligroso/a m/f pe·lee·gro·so/a endangered en peligro de en pe·lee·gro de extinción ek·steen·syon poisonous venenoso/a m/f ve·ne·no·so/a protected protegido/a m/f pro·te·khee·do/a What’s it used for? ¿Para qué se usa? pa·ra ke se oo·sa Can you eat it? ¿Se puede comer? se pwe·de ko·mer © Lonely Planet Publications S O C IA L 138 wildlife watching From the raucous howler monkeys to scorpions and vampire bats, Mexico ranks as one of the most biologically diverse countries in the world. Whether you’re trekking across the northern deserts or exploring the southern jungles, ask a local what you’re looking at. What animal is that? ¿Qué animal es ése? ke a·nee·mal es e·se anteater oso m hormiguero o·so or·mee·ge·ro armadillo armadillo m ar·ma·dee·yo buzzard zopilote m so·pee·lo·te eagle águila f a·gee·la hawk halcón m al·kon howler monkey mono m aullador mo·no ow·ya·dor iguana iguana f ee·gwa·na macaw guacamayo m gwa·ka·ma·yo ocelot ocelote o·se·lo·te rabbit conejo m ko·ne·kho raccoon mapache m ma·pa·che skunk zorrillo m so·ree·yo scorpion escorpión m es·kor·pyon snake serpiente f ser·pyen·te spider monkey mono m araña mo·no a·ra·nya tapir tapir m ta·peer toucan tucán m too·kan vampire bat vampiro m vam·pee·ro © Lonely Planet Publications. To make it easier for you to use, access to this chapter is not digitally restricted. In return, we think it’s fair to ask you to use it for personal, non-commercial purposes only. In other words, please don’t upload this chapter to a peer-to-peer site, mass email it to everyone you know, or resell it. See the terms and conditions on our site for a longer way of saying the above - ‘Do the right thing with our content.’ © Lonely Planet Publications 139 e atin g o u t FOOD > eating out saliendo a comer key language lenguaje básico breakfast desayuno m de·sa·yoo·no dinner cena f se·na drink beber be·ber eat comer ko·mer lunch comida f ko·mee·da snack botana f bo·ta·na I’m starving! ¡Me muero de hambre! me mwe·ro de am·bre tacos to go Fresh tacos are cheap, tasty and absolutely everywhere. Don’t leave without trying these three favourites: tacos al pastor ta·kos al pas·tor tacos with thinly-sliced meat, pineapple, onions and coriander tacos de carne asada ta·kos de kar·ne a·sa·da tacos with marinated minced steak, fresh onions and coriander tacos de carnitas ta·kos de kar·nee·tas tacos with fi nely-diced pork,onions and coriander finding a place to eat buscando un lugar para comer Can you ¿Me puede me pwe·de recommend a … recomendar …? re·ko·men·dar … bar un bar oon bar cafe un café oon ka·fe coffee bar una cafetería oo·na ka·fe·te·ree·a restaurant un restaurante oon res·tow·ran·te © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 140 Where would ¿Dónde se don·de se you go for …? puede …? pwe·de … a celebration festejar fes·te·khar a cheap meal comer barato ko·mer ba·ra·to local comer comida ko·mer ko·mee·da specialities típica tee·pee·ka listen for … a·kee tye·ne Aquí tiene. Here you go! don·de le goos·ta·ree·a sen·tar·se ¿Dónde le gustaría Where would you sentarse? like to sit? es·ta·mos ye·nos Estamos llenos. We’re fully booked. ke de·se·a or·de·nar ¿Qué desea ordenar? What can I get for you? ko·mo lo kye·re pre·pa·ra·do ¿Cómo lo quiere How would you like preparado? that cooked? kye·re to·mar al·go myen·tras es·pe·ra ¿Quiere tomar algo Would you like a mientras espera? drink while you wait? le goos·ta … ¿Le gusta …? Do you like …? le re·ko·myen·do … Le recomiendo … I suggest the … no te·ne·mos me·sas No tenemos mesas. We have no tables. oon mo·men·tee·to Un momentito. One moment. ya se·ra·mos Ya cerramos. We’re closed. © Lonely Planet Publications e atin g o u t 141 I’d like to reserve Quisiera reservar kee·sye·ra re·ser·var a table for … una mesa para … oo·na me·sa pa·ra … (two) people (dos) personas (dos) per·so·nas (eight) o’clock a las (ocho) a las (o·cho) Are you still serving food? ¿Siguen sirviendo comida? see·gen seer·vyen·do ko·mee·da How long is the wait? ¿Cuánto hay que esperar? kwan·to ai ke es·pe·rar I’d like …, Quisiera …, kee·sye·ra … please. por favor. por fa·vor a table for (five) una mesa para oo·na me·sa pa·ra (cinco) (seen·ko) the menu el menú el me·noo the drink list la carta de la kar·ta de bebidas be·bee·das the ( non- smoking) el área de el a·re·a de section (no) fumar (no) foo·mar Do you have …? ¿Tienen …? tye·nen … children’s meals menú infantil me·noo een·fan·teel a menu in un menú en oon me·noo en English inglés een·gles at the restaurant en el restaurante I’d like the menu, please. Quisiera el menú, kee·sye·ra el me·noo por favor. por fa·vor Is it self-serve? ¿Es autoservicio? es ow·to·ser·vee·syo We’re just having drinks. Sólo queremos tomar algo. so·lo ke·re·mos to·mar al·go What would you recommend? ¿Qué recomienda? ke re·ko·myen·da © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 142 I’ll have what they’re having. Quiero lo mismo que ellos. kye·ro lo mees·mo ke e·yos What’s in that dish? ¿Qué tiene ese platillo? ke tye·ne e·se pla·tee·yo Does it take long to prepare? ¿Se tarda mucho en se tar·da moo·cho en prepararlo? pre·pa·rar·lo Are these complimentary? ¿Éstos son de cortesía? es·tos son de kor·te·see·a I’d like a local speciality. Quisiera un platillo kee·sye·ra oon pla·tee·yo típico. tee·pee·ko I’d like a meal fit for a king. Quisiera comer como kee·sye·ra ko·mer ko·mo un rey. oon ray Is service included in the bill? ¿La cuenta incluye el la kwen·ta een·kloo·ye el cubierto? koo·byer·to spoon cuchara f koo·cha·ra knife cuchillo m koo·chee·yo plate plato m pla·to ashtray cenicero m see·nee·se·ro fork tenedor m te·ne·dor wineglass copa f de vino ko·pa de vee·no glass vaso m va·so table mesa f me·sa © Lonely Planet Publications e atin g o u t 143 look for … botanas bo·ta·nas appetisers comida ko·mee·da set meals corrida ko·ree·da ensaladas en·sa·la·das salads entradas en·tra·das entrees guarniciones gwar·nee·syo·nes side dishes platillo pla·tee·yo main course principal preen·see·pal postre pos·tre desserts sopas so·pas soups aguas frescas a·gwas fres·kas fruit drinks de frutas de froo·tas aperitivos a·pe·ree·tee·vos aperitifs bebidas be·bee·das drinks cervezas ser·ve·sas beers digestivos dee·khes·tee·vos digestifs licores lee·ko·res spirits refrescos re·fres·kos soft drinks vinos blancos vee·nos blan·kos white wines vinos dulces vee·nos dool·ses dessert wines vinos espumosos vee·nos sparkling wines es·poo·mo·sos vinos tintos vee·nos teen·tos red wines For more words you might see on the menu, see the culinary reader page 157. Please bring Por favor, por fa·vor us … nos trae … nos tra·e … the bill la cuenta la kwen·ta a knife un cuchillo oon koo·chee·yo a serviette una servilleta oo·na ser·vee·ye·ta a spoon una cuchara oo·na koo·cha·ra Is there (any chilli sauce)? ¿Hay (salsa picante)? ai (sal·sa pee·kan·te) © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 144 talking food hablando de comida That was delicious! ¡Estaba delicioso! es·ta·ba de·lee·syo·so My compliments to the chef. Mis felicitaciones mees fe·lee·see·ta·syo·nes al chef. al chef I’m full. Estoy satisfecho/a. m/f es·toy sa·tees·fe·cho/a I love … Me encanta … me en·kan·ta … this dish este platillo es·te pla·tee·yo the local la comida la ko·mee·da cuisine típica tee·pee·ka This is … Esto está … es·to es·ta … burnt quemado ke·ma·do (too) cold (muy) frío (mooy) free·o (too) hot (muy) caliente (mooy) kal·yen·te spicy picante pee·kan·te superb exquisito es·kee·see·to Tex-Mex teaser If you were expecting crunchy tacos you’ll be disappointed and don’t order a burrito unless you’re after a little donkey. Some foods that you may have thought were Mexican – like fajitas, burritos and nachos – are actually all from Texas. Some say these dishes are a pale imitation of Mexican food, while others claim Tex-Mex cuisine belongs in a class of its own. As a former state of Mexico, Texas certainly maintains strong cultural infl uences from further south, but homesick Texans should order tacos dorados (deep-fried tacos) if they need a bit of crunch. © Lonely Planet Publications e atin g o u t 145 breakfast el desayuno What’s a typical (Mexican) breakfast? ¿Cómo es un típico ko·mo es oon tee·pee·ko desayuno (mexicano)? de·sa·yoo·no (me·khee·ka·no) bacon tocino m to·see·no beans frijoles m pl free·kho·les bread pan m pan butter mantequilla f man·te·kee·ya cereal cereal m se·re·al (hot/cold) chocolate m cho·ko·la·te chocolate (caliente/frío) (ka·lyen·te/free·o) coffee café m ka·fe fruit fruta f froo·ta hot corn drink atole m a·to·le eggs huevos m pl we·vos fried eggs huevos m pl we·vos estrellados es·tre·ya·dos Mexican-style huevos m pl we·vos eggs a la mexicana a la me·khee·ka·na scrambled eggs huevos m pl revueltos we·vos re·vwel·tos jam mermelada f mer·me·la·da milk leche f le·che orange juice jugo m de khoo·go de naranja na·ran·kha sauce salsa f sal·sa sweet bread pan m dulce pan dool·se stuffed corn dough tamales m pl ta·ma·les tea té m te toast pan m tostado pan tos·ta·do tortillas tortillas f pl tor·tee·yas cornflour tortillas f pl tor·tee·yas tortillas de maíz de ma·ees cheese tortillas quesadillas f pl ke·sa·dee·yas See self-catering, page 151, and the culinary reader, page 157, for more breakfast foods. © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 146 methods of preparation métodos de preparación I’d like it … Lo quiero … lo kye·ro … I don’t want it … No lo quiero … no lo kye·ro … boiled hervido/a m/f er·vee·do/a broiled asado/a a la a·sa·do/a a la parrilla m/f pa·ree·ya deep-fried sumergido/a soo·mer·khee·do/a en aceite m/f en a·say·te fried frito/a m/f free·to/a grilled a la parilla a la pa·ree·ya medium término medio ter·mee·no me·dyo rare roja ro·kha re-heated recalentado/a m/f re·ka·len·ta·do/a steamed al vapor al va·por well-done bien cocido/a m/f byen ko·see·do/a with the dressing con el aderezo kon el a·de·re·so on the side aparte a·par·te without (chilli) sin (chile) seen (chee·le) in the bar en el bar Excuse me! ¡Oiga! oy·ga I’m next. ¡Sigo yo! see·go yo I’ll have (a tequila). Quiero (una tequila). kye·ro (oo·na te·kee·la) Same again, please. Otro igual, por favor. o·tro eeg·wal por fa·vor No ice, please. Sin hielo, por favor. seen ye·lo por fa·vor I’ll buy you a drink. Te invito una copa. te een·vee·to oo·na ko·pa © Lonely Planet Publications e atin g o u t 147 What would you like? ¿Qué quieres tomar? ke kye·res to·mar It’s my round. Yo invito esta ronda. yo een·vee·to es·ta ron·da You can get the next one. Tu invitas la que sigue. too een·vee·tas la ke see·ge Do you serve meals here? ¿Sirven comidas aquí? seer·ven ko·mee·das a·kee nonalcoholic drinks bebidas sin alcohol (cup of) tea (un) té m (oon) te (cup of) coffee (un) café m (oon) ka·fe … with (milk) … con (leche) … kon (le·che) … without (sugar) … sin (azúcar) … seen (a·soo·kar) juice jugo m khoo·go lemonade limonada f lee·mo·na·da milkshake malteada f mal·te·a·da orangeade naranjada f na·ran·kha·da soft drink (general) refresco m re·fres·ko soft drink soda f so·da (northern Mexico) … water agua f … a·gwa … boiled hervida er·vee·da jamaica de jamaica de kha·may·ka mineral mineral mee·ne·ral rice de horchata de or·cha·ta sparkling con gas kon gas still sin gas seen gas tamarind de tamarindo de ta·ma·reen·do © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 148 alcoholic drinks bebidas alcohólicas beer cerveza f ser·ve·sa champagne champán m cham·pan cocktail coctel m kok·tel gin ginebra f khee·ne·bra rum ron m ron vodka vodka m vod·ka whisky whisky m wees·kee the spirit of Mexico I would like a shot of … Quisiera un shot de … kee·sye·ra oon shot de … mezcal mes·kal liquor distilled from agave posh posh cane liquor fl avoured with herbs pulque pool·ke alcohol made from fermented agave sap rompope rom·po·pe eggnog with cane alcohol and cinnamon tepache te·pa·che alcohol made from fermented pineapple rinds tequila te·kee·la popular spirit distilled from the maguey plant a bottle/glass una botella/copa oo·na bo·te·ya/ko·pa of … wine de vino … de vee·no … dessert dulce dool·se red tinto teen·to rose rosado ro·sa·do sparkling espumoso es·poo·mo·so white blanco blan·ko © Lonely Planet Publications e atin g o u t 149 a … of beer … de cerveza … de ser·ve·sa glass un tarro oon ta·ro jug una jarra oo·na kha·ra large bottle una caguama oo·na ka·gwa·ma (940ml) small bottle una botella oo·na bo·te·ya (325ml) one too many? ¿demasiadas copas? Cheers! ¡Salud! sa·lood Thanks, but I don’t feel like it. Gracias, pero no se me gra·syas pe·ro no se me antoja. an·to·kha I don’t drink alcohol. No bebo. no be·bo I’m tired, I’d better go home. Estoy cansado/a, mejor es·toy kan·sa·do/a me·khor me voy a mi casa. m/f me voy a mee ka·sa Where’s the toilet? ¿Dónde está el baño? don·de es·ta el ba·nyo This is hitting the spot. Me lo estoy pasando me lo es·toy pa·san·do muy bien. mooy byen I’m feeling drunk. Se me está subiendo se me es·ta soo·byen·do mucho. moo·cho I feel fantastic! ¡Me siento muy bien! me syen·to mooy byen © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 150 I really, really love you. Te quiero muchísimo. te kye·ro moo·chee·see·mo I think I’ve had one too many. Creo que he tomado kre·o ke e to·ma·do demasiado. de·ma·sya·do Can you call a taxi for me? ¿Me puedes pedir me pwe·des pe·deer un taxi? oon tak·see I don’t think you should drive. No creo que debas manejar. no kre·o ke de·bas ma·ne·khar I’m pissed. Estoy borracho/a. m/f es·toy bo·ra·cho/a I feel ill. Me siento mal. me syen·to mal the best seat in the house Nature calls by many names in Mexico. Toilets are widely known as baños, while public toilets may also advertise themselves as sanitarios or servicios. An unexpected bout of ‘Montezuma’s revenge’ – a bowel condition affl icting those still adjusting to spicy food – can leave you charging for the door. Before rushing in blindly, take a moment to consider your best option: Caballeros ka·ba·ye·ros Gentlemen Damas da·mas Ladies Hombres om·bres Men Mujeres moo·khe·res Women Señores sen·yo·res Sirs Señoras sen·yo·ras Madams © Lonely Planet Publications 151 se lf-cate rin g self-catering autoservicio key language lenguaje básico cooked cocido/a m/f ko·see·do/a dried seco/a m/f se·ko/a fresh fresco/a m/f fres·ko/a frozen congelado/a m/f kon·khe·la·do/a raw crudo/a m/f kroo·do/a market munchies The mouthwatering aroma of fresh food in a Mexican market can really work up your appetite. For a cheap local meal in a rowdy atmosphere, grab a seat at a comedor (lit: eatery) usually found in the centre of the market. buying food comprando comida How much? ¿Cuánto? kwan·to How much does it cost? ¿Cuánto cuesta? kwan·to kwes·ta How much is (a kilo of cheese)? ¿Cuánto vale kwan·to va·le (un kilo de queso)? (oon kee·lo de ke·so) What’s the local speciality? ¿Cuál es la especialidad kwal es la es·pe·sya·lee·dad de la zona? de la so·na What’s that? ¿Qué es eso? ke es e·so Can I taste it? ¿Puedo probarlo/a? m/f pwe·do pro·bar·lo/a © Lonely Planet Publications � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � FO O D 152 Can I have a bag, please? ¿Me da una bolsa, por favor? me da oo·na bol·sa por fa·vor I’d like … Quisiera … kee·sye·ra … (100) grams (cien) gramos (syen) gra·mos a kilo un kilo oon kee·lo (two) kilos (dos) kilos (dos) kee·los a bottle una botella oo·na bo·te·ya a dozen una docena oo·na do·sen·a a jar un jarra oon kha·ra a packet un paquete oon pa·ke·te a piece una pieza oo·na pye·sa (three) pieces (tres) piezas (tres) pye·sas a slice una rebanada oo·na re·ba·na·da (six) slices (seis) rebanadas (says) re·ba·na·das a tin una lata oo·na la·ta that one ése/a m/f e·se/a this one ésto es·to a bit more un poco más oon po·ko mas less menos me·nos © Lonely Planet Publications se lf-cate rin g 153 That’s enough, thanks. Así está bien, gracias. a·see es·ta byen gra·syas Do you have …? ¿Tiene …? tye·ne … anything algo más barato al·go mas ba·ra·to cheaper any other kinds otros tipos o·tros tee·pos Where can I find ¿Dónde está la don·de es·ta la the … section? sección de …? sek·syon de … dairy lácteos lak·te·os fish and pescados y pes·ka·dos ee seafood mariscos ma·rees·kos frozen goods productos pro·dook·tos congelados kon·khe·la·dos fruit and frutas y froo·tas ee vegetable verduras ver·doo·ras meat carnes kar·nes poultry aves a·ves listen for … al·go mas ¿Algo más? Anything else? en ke le pwe·do ser·veer ¿En qué le puedo servir? Can I help you? e·se es (mo·le) Ese es (mole). That’s (mole). ke de·se·a ¿Qué desea? What would you like? no ten·go No tengo. I don’t have any. se ter·mee·no Se terminó There’s none left. son (seen·ko pe·sos) Son (cinco pesos). That’s (fi ve pesos). © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 154 cooking utensils utensilios de cocina Could I please borrow (a corkscrew)? ¿Me puede prestar (un me pwe·de pres·tar (oon sacacorchos)? sa·ka·kor·chos) Where’s (a frying pan)? ¿Dónde hay (un sartén)? don·de ai (oon sar·ten) bottle opener destapador m des·ta·pa·dor bowl refractario m re·frak·ta·ryo can opener abrelatas m a·bre·la·tas chopping board tabla f para picar ta·bla pa·ra pee·kar cup taza f ta·sa corkscrew sacacorchos m sa·ka·kor·chos fork tenedor m te·ne·dor fridge refrigerador m re·free·khe·ra·dor frying pan sartén m sar·ten glass vaso m va·so knife cuchillo m koo·chee·yo oven horno m or·no plate plato m pla·to saucepan olla f o·ya spatula espátula f es·pa·too·la spoon cuchara f koo·cha·ra toaster tostador m tos·ta·dor tongs pinzas f pl peen·sas © Lonely Planet Publications 155 ve g e tarian & sp e cial m e als vegetarian & special meals comidas vegetarianas & platos especiales ordering food ordenando comida Is there a ( vegetarian) restaurant near here? ¿Hay un restaurante ai oon res·tow·ran·te (vegetariano) por aquí? (ve·khe·ta·rya·no) por a·kee I’m (vegan). Soy (vegetariano/a soy (ve·khe·ta·rya·no/a estricto/a). m/f es·treek·to/a) I don’t eat (meat). No como (carne). no ko·mo (kar·ne) Is it cooked in/with (oil)? ¿Está cocinado en/ e·sta ko·see·na·do en/ con (aceite)? con (a·say·te) Do you ¿Tienen tye·nen have … food? comida …? ko·mee·da … halal halal kha·lal kosher kosher ko·sher vegetarian vegetariana ve·khe·ta·rya·na Is this …? ¿Esto es …? es·to es … decaffeinated descafeinado des·ka·fay·na·do free of animal sin productos seen pro·dook·tos produce animales a·nee·ma·les free range de corral de ko·ral genetically transgénico trans·khe·nee·ko modified gluten-free sin gluten seen gloo·ten low-fat bajo en grasas ba·kho en gra·sas low in sugar bajo en azúcar ba·kho en a·soo·kar organic orgánico or·ga·nee·ko salt-free sin sal seen sal © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 156 Could you ¿Me puede me pwe·de prepare a meal preparar una pre·pa·rar oo·na without …? comida sin …? ko·mee·da seen … butter mantequilla man·te·kee·ya eggs huevos we·vos fish pescado pes·ka·do meat/fish stock consomé de kon·so·me de carne/pescado kar·ne/pes·ka·do pork cerdo ser·do poultry aves a·ves (red) meat carne (roja) kar·ne (ro·kha) listen for … le pre·goon·ta·re al ko·see·ne·ro Le preguntaré al cocinero. I’ll check with the cook. pwe·de ko·mer … ¿Puede comer …? Can you eat …? to·do tye·ne (kar·ne) Todo tiene (carne). It all has (meat) in it. special diets & allergies dietas especiales & alergias I’m on a special diet. Estoy a dieta especial. es·toy a dye·ta es·pe·syal I’m allergic to … Soy alérgico/a … m/f soy a·ler·khee·ko/a … dairy produce a los productos a los pro·dook·tos lácteos lak·te·os eggs a los huevos a los we·vos gelatin a la gelatina a la khe·la·tee·na gluten al gluten al gloo·ten MSG al glutamato al gloo·ta·ma·to monosódico mo·no·so·dee·ko nuts a las nueces a las nwe·ses peanuts a los cacahuates a los ka·ka·khwa·tes seafood a los mariscos a los ma·rees·kos shellfish a los moluscos a los mo·loos·kos © Lonely Planet Publications 157 cu lin ary re ad e r A abulón ࿬ a·boo·lon abalone aceite ࿬ a·say·te oil — de girasol de khee·ra·sol sunfl ower oil — de oliva de o·lee·va olive oil — vegetal ve·khe·tal vegetable oil aceituna ࿥ a·say·too·na olive — negra ne·gra black olive — verde ver·de green olive acitrón ࿬ a·see·tron cactus prepared as a candy but also used in savoury dishes acocil ࿬ a·ko·seel small red shrimp achiote ࿬ a·chyo·te red, musky-fl avoured spice used as a colouring agent in mole & other foods (also called annatto) adobo ࿬ a·do·bo paste of garlic, vinegar, herbs & chillies – used as a sauce, marinade or pickling agent agave ࿬ a·ga·ve American aloe, also known as ‘century plant’ – source of alcoholic beverages such as pulque, mezcal & tequila — azul a·sool blue agave – used to produce tequila & mezcal agua ࿥ a·gwa water — caliente ka·lyen·te hot water — con gas kon gas soda water • carbonated water — de horchata de or·cha·ta rice water — de jamaica de kha·mai·ka drink made by steeping dried hibiscus fl owers in warm water – served chilled — de la llave de la ya·ve tap water — de manantial de ma·nan·tyal spring water — embotellada em·bo·te·ya·da bottled water — fresca fres·ka fruit-fl avoured water — fría free·a cold water — mineral mee·ne·ral mineral water — purifi cada poo·ree·fee·ka·da purifi ed water — quina kee·na tonic water — sin gas seen gas still water — tónica to·nee·ka tonic water aguacate ࿬ a·gwa·ka·te avocado aguamiel ࿬ a·gwa·myel agave juice aguardiente ࿬ a·gwar·dyen·te sugar cane alcohol ajo ࿬ a·kho garlic ajonjolí ࿬ a·khon·kho·lee sesame seeds albahaca ࿥ al·ba·ka sweet basil albóndigas ࿥�SO al·bon·dee·gas meatballs alcachofa ࿥ al·ka·cho·fa artichoke alcaparras ࿥�SO al·ka·pa·ras capers alegrías ࿥�SO a·le·gree·as traditional sweet made from amaranth seeds & molasses alfajor ࿬�de coco al·fa·khor de ko·ko pastry fi lled with jam & sprinkled with grated coconut algodón ࿬�de azúcar al·go·don de a·soo·kar fairy fl oss • cotton candy alimentos ࿬�SO a·lee·men·tos food almeja ࿥ al·me·kha clam • scallop almendra ࿥ al·men·dra almond almuerzo ࿬ al·mwer·so brunch, also translated as ‘lunch’ – a late-morning snack typically consisting of a quick plate of tacos or a sandwich alubia ࿥ a·loo·bya haricot bean amaranto ࿬ a·ma·ran·to amaranth – a native plant similar to spinach anchoa ࿥ an·cho·a anchovy anguila ࿥ an·gee·la eel anís ࿬ a·nees anise • aniseed (used in desserts, liqueurs & breads) annatto a·na·to see achiote culinary reader léxico culinario For a more detailed version of this glossary, see Lonely Planet’s World Food Mexico. © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 158 antojitos ࿬�SO an·to·khee·tos ‘little whimsies’ – small portions of classic Mexican dishes, such as quesadillas, sopes & tostadas, served as snack food for street eating or as appetisers añejo/a ࿬�࿥�a·nye·kho/a ‘aged’ – used to describe certain cheeses, meat & tequila apio ࿬ a·pyo celery arándano ࿬ a·ran·da·no bilberry — agrio a·gryo cranberry arenque ࿬ a·ren·ke herring • kipper arroz ࿬ a·ros rice — a la Mexicana a la me·khee·ka·na ‘Mexican rice’ – may be coloured red with tomatoes & cooked with diced carrots & peas — a la poblana a la po·bla·na pilaf with chile poblano, corn & melted cheese — con leche kon le·che rice pudding — de grano corto de gra·no kor·to short-grain rice — glutinoso gloo·tee·no·so glutinous rice — integral een·te·gral brown rice — salvaje sal·va·khe wild rice — verde ver·de green rice, made with chile poblano asadero ࿬ a·sa·de·ro white cheese used in quesadillas atole ࿬ a·to·le thin porridge or gruel of maize fl our or cornfl our, usually served hot for breakfast — de chocolate de cho·ko·la·te chocolate atole — de fresa de fre·sa strawberry atole — de nuez de nwes nut atole — de vainilla de vai·nee·ya vanilla atole atún ࿬ a·toon tuna avellana ࿥ a·ve·ya·na hazelnut avena ࿥ a·ve·na rolled oats – a breakfast staple usually served with milk azafrán ࿬ a·sa·fran saff ron azúcar ࿬ a·soo·kar sugar — blanca blan·ka white sugar — morena mo·re·na brown sugar B bacalao ࿬ ba·ka·la·o cod – usually dried balché ࿬ bal·che Mayan alcoholic drink made from the fermented bark of the balché tree banderillas ࿥�SO ban·de·ree·yas long fl aky pastries barbacoa ࿥ bar·ba·ko·a Mexican-style barbecue – a lamb, goat or chicken is steamed with vegetables, then baked in the ground bebida ࿥ be·bee·da drink — alcohólica al·ko·lee·ka alcoholic drink berenjena ࿥ be·ren·khe·na aubergine • eggplant betabel ࿬ be·ta·bel beet • beetroot birria ࿥ bee·rya soupy stew made with meat (usually goat) in a tomato-based broth blanquillos ࿬�SO blan·kee·yos eggs (also huevos) bolillo ࿬ bo·lee·yo large, French-style roll, served with most meals borrego ࿬ bo·re·go lamb (see also cordero) botana ࿥ bo·ta·na appetiser botella ࿥ bo·te·ya bottle brocheta ࿥ bro·che·ta skewer • kebab brócoli ࿬ bro·ko·lee broccoli buey ࿬ bway ox buñuelo ࿬ boo·nywe·lo tortilla-sized fritter sprinkled with sugar & cinnamon C cabra ࿥ ka·bra goat cabrito ࿬ ka·bree·to milk-fed kid rubbed with butter or oil & seasoned with salt, pepper & lime, then roasted whole on a spit cacahuates ࿬�SO ka·ka·wa·tes peanuts — japoneses kha·po·ne·ses Japanese- style peanuts, covered with a crunchy coating cacao ࿬ ka·ka·o cocoa © Lonely Planet Publications cu lin ary re ad e r 159 café ࿬ ka·fe cafe • coff ee — con leche kon le·che coff ee with milk — de olla de o·ya coff ee fl avoured with cinnamon & sweetened with piloncillo — expresso ek·spre·so espresso coff ee cajeta ࿥ ka·khe·ta goat’s milk caramel calabacita ࿥ ka·la·ba·see·ta zucchini • courgette • vegetable marrow calabaza ࿥ ka·la·ba·sa pumpkin • squash calamar ࿬ ka·la·mar squid calaveras ࿥�SO ka·la·ve·ras confectionery skulls eaten to celebrate the Day of the Dead (2 November) — de azúcar de a·soo·kar skulls made from sugar — de chocolate de cho·ko·la·te skulls made from chocolate caldo ࿬ kal·do broth — tlalpeño tlal·pe·nyo vegetable soup — xóchitl so·cheetl fi ery hot soup with serrano peppers on top camarón ࿬ ka·ma·ron prawn • shrimp — para pelar pa·ra pe·lar whole shrimp boiled in a very weak broth, milled & then served with lime camote ࿬ ka·mo·te sweet potato canela ࿥ ka·ne·la cinnamon cangrejo ࿬ kan·gre·kho crab (also jaiba) — moro mo·ro stone crab caña ࿥ de azúcar ka·nya de a·soo·kar sugar cane capeado ࿬ ka·pe·a·do fried, battered meat or vegetables capirotada ࿥ ka·pee·ro·ta·da Mexican- style bread pudding capulines ࿬�SO ka·poo·lee·nes black cherries cardo ࿬ kar·do cardoon (vegetable similar to an artichoke) carne ࿥ kar·ne meat — asada a·sa·da thinly cut, broiled tenderloin or steak, usually served with sliced onion & grilled sweet pepper strips, rice, beans & guacamole — a la Tampiqueña a la tam·pee·ke·nya plate piled with a small piece of meat, chile poblano, a taco or enchilada, beans, guacamole & shredded lettuce — de cerdo de ser·do pork — de res de res beef — de vaca de va·ka beef — para asar pa·ra a·sar brisket — para taquear pa·ra ta·ke·ar meat for use in tacos carnero ࿬ kar·ne·ro mutton carnitas ࿥ SO kar·nee·tas slow-simmered chunks of seasoned pork served on tortillas with salsa, chopped onion & fresh coriander cáscara ࿥ kas·ka·ra rind • shell • husk castaña ࿥ kas·ta·nya chestnut caza ࿥ ca·sa game (animals) cebada ࿥ se·ba·da barley cebolla ࿥ se·bo·ya onion — blanca blan·ka white onion — de Cambray de kam·bray spring onion — morada mo·ra·da red onion • Spanish onion cena ࿥ se·na supper • dinner cerdo ࿬ ser·do pig • pork cereal ࿬ se·re·al cereal cerveza ࿥ ser·ve·sa beer — amarga a·mar·ga bitter — clara kla·ra blonde beer • light beer — de barril de ba·reel draught beer — oscura os·koo·ra stout ceviche ࿬ se·vee·che cocktail with fi sh, shrimp, oysters or crab, mixed with onion, coriander & tomato cidra ࿥ see·dra cider cilantro ࿬ see·lan·tro coriander • cilantro ciruela ࿥ see·rwe·la plum — pasa pa·sa prune clayuda ࿥ kla·yoo·da large, crisp tortilla (also spelled tlayuda) cocada ࿥ ko·ka·da traditional candy made with coconut, eggs, milk, almonds & sugar coco ࿬ ko·ko coconut coctel ࿬ kok·tel cocktail — de camarón de ka·ma·ron shrimp cocktail © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 160 cochinita ࿥ pibil ko·chee·nee·ta pee·beel pork cooked with achiote, red onions & orange juice codorniz ࿥ ko·dor·nees quail col ࿥ kol cabbage cola ࿥ ko·la tail coles ࿥�SO de Bruselas ko·les de broo·se·las Brussels sprouts colifl or ࿥ ko·lee·fl or caulifl ower comida ࿥ ko·mee·da food • lunch (the biggest meal of the day, taken between 1pm – 4pm) comino ࿬ ko·mee·no cumin conchas ࿥�SO�de vainilla kon·chas de vay·nee·ya mini loaves topped with vanilla icing conchas ࿥�SO�de chocolate kon·chas de cho·ko·la·te mini loaves topped with chocolate icing conejillo ࿬�de indias ko·ne·khee·yo de een·dyas guinea pig conejo ࿬ ko·ne·kho rabbit consomé kal·do meat broth • stock — de camarón de ka·ma·ron prawn soup — de pollo de po·yo chicken broth • soup with chicken, vegetables & sometimes rice & chickpeas — de res de res beef & vegetable soup corazón ࿬ ko·ra·son heart cordero ࿬ kor·de·ro lamb • mutton corundas ࿥�SO ko·roon·das little tamales costillas ࿥�SO kos·tee·yas ribs crema ࿥ kre·ma cream — ácida a·see·da sour cream — batida ba·tee·da whipping cream — chantilly chan·tee·yee chantilly — espesa es·pe·sa clotted cream crepas ࿥�SO kre·pas crepes croqueta ࿥ kro·ke·ta croquette Cuba ࿥ libre koo·ba lee·bre rum & cola (also simply called Cuba) cubierta ࿥ koo·byer·ta topping cubiertos ࿬�SO koo·byer·tos cutlery cuerno ࿬ kwer·no croissant cuitlacoche ࿬ kwee·tla·ko·che black corn fungus (also huitlacoche) culebra ࿥ koo·le·bra snake cúrcuma ࿥ koor·koo·ma turmeric CH chabacano ࿬ cha·ba·ka·no apricot chalote ࿬ cha·lo·te shallot onion chalupas ࿥�SO cha·loo·pas small tortillas made with cornfl our, chilli, beans & cheese chamorro ࿬ cha·mo·ro leg of pork marinated in adobo then oven-roasted at a very low heat champiñones ࿬�SO cham·pee·nyo·nes mushrooms champurrado ࿬ cham·poo·ra·do similar to atole but made with chocolate, water & cornfl our chapulín ࿬ cha·poo·leen grasshopper charal ࿬ cha·ral sardine-like fi sh chaya ࿥ cha·ya type of spinach chayote ࿬ cha·yo·te popular type of squash that was once the staple of the Aztecs & Maya – usually stuff ed & baked or used raw in salad chícharo ࿬ chee·cha·ro pea — seco se·ko green split pea — verde ver·de snap pea chicharra ࿥ chee·cha·ra cricket (insect) chicharrones ࿬�SO chee·cha·ro·nes deep-fried pork rinds, usually sold by street vendors with a topping • fl our- based fried snack chilaquiles ࿬�SO chee·la·kee·les crisp tortillas topped with chicken, onion, cream, fresh cheese & salsa – this popular breakfast choice is sometimes made with scrambled eggs & chorizo chile ࿬ chee·le chilli – a huge variety of fresh & dried chillies is available at Mexican markets, sometimes pickled & sold in bottles — ancho an·cho ‘broad chilli’ – so named for its size & shape, this chilli has wrinkled, reddish-brown skin & is the most common form of dried chile poblano — cayena ka·ye·na cayenne — chipotles chee·pot·les smoke-dried version of chile jalapeño — dulce en adobo dool·se en a·do·bo sweet, non-spicy pickled chilli © Lonely Planet Publications cu lin ary re ad e r 161 — en nogada en no·ga·da a green chile poblano stuff ed with a stew of beef & fruits, topped with nogada & decorated with pomegranate seeds — guajillo gwa·khee·yo very hot, dried chilli, almost black in colour — habanero a·ba·ne·ro extremely hot type of chilli — jalapeño kha·la·pe·nyo Jalapeno pepper, often eaten in pickled form — mulato moo·la·to dried chile poblano – its almost-black colour means it can be substituted for chilhuacle negro in the dish mole negro — pasilla pa·see·ya dark, dried & very spicy chile used in mole and marinades — poblano po·bla·no medium-green to purple-black chilli, sometimes dried to produce chile ancho & chile mulato – this mildly hot, arrow-shaped chilli is also used for making stuff ed peppers — relleno re·ye·no green chile poblano stuff ed with cheese, covered in egg batter & fried — serrano se·ra·no fi ery green chilli used in moles & salsa chilhuacle ࿬ negro cheel·wa·kle ne·gro very dark, spicy strain of chilhuacle, a chilli about the shape & size of a small bell pepper chilpachole ࿬�de Jaiba cheel·pa·cho·le de khai·ba a soup made with crab chirimoya ࿥ chee·ree·mo·ya custard apple • cherimoya chocolate ࿬ oaxaqueño cho·ko·la·te wa·kha·ke·nyo chocolate from Oaxaca mixed with hot milk chongos ࿬�SO�zamoranos chon·gos sa·mo·ra·nos popular dessert of curdled milk, sugar, cinnamon & egg yolks choriqueso ࿬ cho·ree·ke·so chorizo & melted cheese chorizo ࿬ cho·ree·so spicy pork sausage, fried with eggs as breakfast, or cooked with potatoes as a fi lling for tacos chuletas ࿥ choo·le·tas chops — de cerdo de ser·do pork chops — de res de res small beef steaks churro ࿬ choo·ro long doughnut covered with sugar D dátiles ࿬�SO da·tee·les dates desayuno ࿬ de·sa·yoo·no breakfast – Mexicans usually eat eggs or meat for breakfast, including one or more staples such as tortillas, beans, chillies & atole diente ࿬�de ajo dyen·te de a·kho clove of garlic dona ࿥�do·na doughnut dulce ࿬ dool·se sweet • candy durazno ࿬ doo·ras·no peach E elote ࿬ e·lo·te maize • corn — tierno tyer·no sweet corn empanada ࿥ em·pa·na·da pastry turnover with a savoury meat & vegetable fi lling, baked or fried, or fi lled with fruit & served as a dessert encebollado en·se·bo·ya·do served with onion encurtidos ࿬�SO en·koor·tee·dos table condiment consisting of a bowl of chillies marinated in vinegar, combined with onions, carrots & other vegetables enchiladas ࿥�SO�en·chee·la·das meat or cheese wrapped in tortillas & smothered in red or green salsa, cream & melted cheese — adobadas a·do·ba·das beef or chicken enchiladas in adobo sauce — queretanas ke·re·ta·nas fresh enchiladas topped with shredded lettuce & other raw vegetables — rojas ro·khas meat or cheese enchiladas with a red chile ancho sauce, the most popular enchiladas on menus — suizas swee·sas mild & creamy Swiss- style enchiladas fi lled with chicken or cheese, served with creamy green tomato sauce — verdes ver·des served with a delicate green tomatillo sauce © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 162 endivia ࿥ en·dee·vya endive enebro ࿬ e·ne·bro juniper eneldo ࿬�e·nel·do dill enfrijolado/a ࿬�࿥ en·free·kho·la·do/a describes anything cooked in a bean sauce, most commonly corn tortillas in a smooth black bean sauce & topped with thinly sliced onions, cream & crumbed cheese enmolado/a ࿬�࿥ en·mo·la·do/a describes anything cooked in a mole sauce ensalada ࿥ en·sa·la·da salad — César se·sar Caesar salad, named after its inventor César Cardini, an Italian immigrant to Mexico — de verduras de ver·doo·ras salad of cooked vegetables, a mix of fresh vegetables, or a combination of the two — mixta meek·sta mix of lettuce, red tomatoes, cucumber, peas, avocado & fresh onion rings entrada ࿥ en·tra·da entree entremés ࿬ en·tre·mes appetiser epazote ࿬ e·pa·so·te wormseed, a pungent herb similar to coriander, used in sauces, beans & quesadillas escabeche ࿬ es·ka·be·che a brine used as a pickling agent or as a fi sh marinade escamoles ࿬�SO es·ka·mo·les ant eggs, a delicacy that looks like rice – usually sauteed in butter & wine, served as an accompaniment to meat or with tortillas, avocado & salad espárragos ࿬�SO es·pa·ra·gos asparagus especias ࿥�SO�es·pe·syas spices espinaca ࿥ es·pee·na·ka spinach esquites ࿬�SO es·kee·tes fresh corn grains boiled with butter, epazote & onions, served with fresh lime juice, chilli powder & grated cheese estofado ࿬ es·to·fa·do stew • a Oaxacan mole served over chicken or pork, prepared with tomatoes, almonds, bread, raisins, cloves & ground chile guajillo estragón ࿬ es·tra·gon tarragon esturión ࿬ es·too·ryon sturgeon F faisán ࿬ fay·san pheasant fi lete ࿬�a la Mexicana fee·le·te a la me·khee·ka·na grilled white fi sh with a tomato-based sauce fl an ࿬ fl an a caramel egg custard fl avoured with vanilla & covered in a syrupy topping — napolitano na·po·lee·ta·no whiter & thicker than the custard-style fl an, sometimes fl avoured with liqueur fl autas ࿥�SO fl ow·tas tube-shaped tacos topped with chicken meat, deep-fried & served with cream, cheese & green or red sauce fl or ࿥�de calabaza fl or de ka·la·ba·sa large squash fl owers used in soups & other dishes frambuesa ࿥ fram·bwe·sa raspberry fresa ࿥ fre·sa strawberry fi deos ࿬�SO fee·de·os noodles frijoles ࿬�SO free·kho·les beans, of which nearly 100 varieties are included in the Mexican cuisine — borrachos bo·ra·chos ‘drunken beans’, made as frijoles charros but fl avoured with fl at beer — charros cha·ros ‘cowboy beans’ – pork rind, fried tomatoes, onion & coriander, served as a soup — molidos mo·lee·dos ground beans — negros ne·gros ‘black beans’ – served mashed & refried, pureed as a soup or whole, usually seasoned with epazote — refritos re·free·tos mashed beans fried in lard or vegetable oil frutas ࿥�SO�froo·tas fruits — cristalizadas krees·ta·lee·sa·das diff erent fruits cooked with sugar & water until crunchy — secas se·kas dried fruit G galleta ࿥ ga·ye·ta biscuit • cookie • cracker gallina ࿥ ga·yee·na hen ganso ࿬ gan·so goose garbanzo ࿬ gar·ban·so chickpea © Lonely Planet Publications cu lin ary re ad e r 163 gelatina ࿥ khe·la·tee·na gelatin germen ࿬ de trigo kher·men de tree·go wheat germ germinado ࿬ de soya kher·mee·na·do de so·ya bean sprout ginebra ࿥ khee·ne·bra gin gorditas ࿥�SO�gor·dee·tas thick corn tortillas fried then fi lled with beef, chicken or pork, then topped with cheese & lettuce granada ࿥ gra·na·da grenadine • pomegranate grasa ࿥ gra·sa dietary fat grosella ࿥ gro·se·ya currant guacamole ࿬ gwa·ka·mo·le mashed avocado mixed with lemon or lime juice, onion & chilli guaraches ࿬�SO gwa·ra·ches tortilla shells piled high with chorizo, meat, potato, coriander & chilli salsa guarnición ࿥ gwar·nee·syon garnish guisado ࿬ gee·sa·do stew guiso ࿬ gee·so stew gusano ࿬ goo·sa·no worm gusanos ࿬�SO�de maguey goo·sa·nos de ma·gay worms that live in maguey – they’re usually placed in the bottom of the bottle as a sign that you’ve bought true mezcal — con salsa borracha kon sal·sa bo·ra·cha a dish of maguey worms fried in oil & accompanied by a sauce of roasted chile pasilla, garlic, onion, cheese & pulque H haba ࿥ a·ba broad bean habanero ࿬ a·ba·ne·ro extremely spicy type of chilli hamburguesa ࿥ am·boor·ge·sa hamburger helado ࿬ e·la·do ice cream hielo ࿬ ye·lo ice hígado ࿬ ee·ga·do liver — encebollado en·se·bo·ya·do liver with onions higo ࿬ ee·go fi g hinojo ࿬ ee·no·kho fennel hojas ࿥�SO�o·khas leaves (banana, avocado, corn or maguey) used in cooking for subtle fl avouring, to wrap food for steaming & to line or cover earthenware pots — de laurel de low·rel bay leaves — de plátano de pla·ta·no banana leaves —�santas san·tas large anise-fl avoured leaves huachinango ࿬ wa·chee·nan·go red snapper — a la Veracruzana a la ve·ra·kroo·sa·na specialty of the port city of Veracruz where fresh red snapper is broiled in a lightly spiced sauce of tomato, onion & green olives huarache ࿬ wa·ra·che fl at & oval tortilla with beans and/or meat, topped with cream, cheese & a variety of sauces – a common street food huatape ࿬ tamaulipeco wa·ta·pe ta·mow·lee·pe·ko green prawn soup thickened with corn dough huauzontle ࿬ wow·son·tle green vegetable whose buds are dipped in fl our & fried huevos ࿬�SO hwe·vos eggs — entomatados en·to·ma·ta·dos eggs in a tomato sauce — estrellados es·tre·ya·dos fried eggs — fritos free·tos fried eggs — revueltos re·vwel·tos scrambled eggs — rancheros ran·che·ros eggs on tortillas, topped with chilli sauce — tibios tee·byos soft-boiled eggs huitlacoche ࿬ weet·la·ko·che black fungus that grows on young corn during the rainy season, used in crepes, quesadillas & soups I iguana ࿥ ee·gwa·na iguana – some species are protected and should not be eaten © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 164 J jabalí ࿬ kha·ba·lee boar jabón ࿬ kha·bon soap jaiba ࿥ khay·ba crab — de río de ree·o crayfi sh jalapeño ࿬ kha·la·pe·nyo hot green chilli from Jalapa jamón ࿬ kha·mon ham jengibre ࿬ khen·khee·bre ginger jerez ࿬ khe·res sherry jícama ࿥ khee·ka·ma crunchy, sweet turnip • potato-like tuber often sold by street vendors, sliced & garnished with red chilli powder, salt & fresh lime juice jitomates ࿬�SO�khee·to·ma·tes red tomatoes, specifi cally plum or roma � —�cereza se·re·sa cherry tomatoes � —�deshidratados des·ee·dra·ta·dos sun-dried tomatoes jugo ࿬ khoo·go juice — de fruta de froo·ta fruit juice — fresco fres·ko freshly squeezed juice L langosta ࿥ lan·gos·ta lobster laurel ࿬ low·rel bay leaf lavanda ࿥ la·van·da lavender leche ࿥ le·che milk — descremada des·kre·ma·da skimmed milk — entera en·te·ra full cream milk lengua ࿥ len·gwa tongue lenguado ࿬ len·gwa·do sole (fi sh) lentejas ࿥�SO len·te·khas brown lentils — rojas ro·khas red lentils — verdes ver·des green lentils levadura ࿥ le·va·doo·ra yeast licor ࿬ lee·kor liqueur licores ࿬�SO lee·ko·res spirits lichi ࿬ lee·chee lychee liebre ࿥ lye·bre hare lima ࿥ lee·ma lime limón ࿬ lee·mon lemon — agrio a·gryo bitter lemon — sin semilla seen se·mee·ya seedless lemon limonada ࿥ lee·mo·na·da lemonade lomo ࿬ lo·mo loin • rump • shoulder longaniza ࿥ lon·ga·nee·sa dried speciality pork sausage lonche ࿬ lon·che sandwich made with a long bun – in Guadalajara most of the bread is scooped out of the middle to make way for a fi lling of meat, cheese, avocado & mayonnaise or cream lucio ࿬ loo·syo pike (fi sh) M macadamia ࿥ ma·ka·da·mya macadamia machaca ࿥ ma·cha·ka meat grinder • sheets of dried beef or beef jerky machacado ࿬ ma·cha·ka·do dried meat maguey ࿬ ma·gay any of the various American agave plants, used to make alcoholic beverages such as pulque and tequila maíz ࿬ ma·ees corn • maize — molido mo·lee·do de-husked dried maize kernels with the germ removed, usually softened in boiling water malta ࿥ mal·ta malt malteada ࿥ mal·te·a·da milkshake mamey ࿬ ma·may rough brown fruit with bitter yellow inner skin & orangey fl esh, often used to make smoothies, gelatin, ice cream & mousses mantequilla ࿥ man·te·kee·ya butter manzana ࿥ man·sa·na apple maracuyá ࿥ ma·ra·koo·ya passion fruit margarina ࿥ mar·ga·ree·na margarine Margarita ࿥ mar·ga·ree·ta cocktail made with tequila, lime juice, Cointreau & crushed ice, served in a chilled glass with salt on the rim mariscos ࿬�SO ma·rees·kos seafood • shellfi sh masa ࿥ ma·sa ground, cooked corn mixed with slaked lime and made into a dough or batter used for making tortillas — de harina de maíz de a·ree·na de ma·ees cornfl our — de harina de trigo de a·ree·na de tree·go wheat fl our maseca ࿥ ma·se·ka type of cornfl our used in tortillas & tamales © Lonely Planet Publications cu lin ary re ad e r 165 mayonesa ࿥ ma·yo·ne·sa mayonnaise mazapán ࿬ ma·sa·pan marzipan medio me·dyo half • medium cooked médula ࿥ me·doo·la bone marrow, also called tuétano mejillón ࿬ me·khee·yon mussel mejorana ࿥ me·kho·ra·na marjoram melón ࿬ me·lon melon • cantaloupe membrillo ࿬ mem·bree·yo quince menta ࿥ men·ta peppermint • mint menudo ࿬ me·noo·do tripe stew – a popular hangover remedy with an acquired taste merienda ࿥ me·ryen·da the equivalent of English afternoon tea merluza ࿥ mer·loo·sa hake mermelada ࿥ mer·me·la·da fruit jam • jelly • marmalade mezcal ࿬ mes·kal distilled liquor made from agave – a worm is usually placed in the bottle miel ࿥ myel honey migajas ࿥�SO mee·ga·khas crumbs mijo ࿬ mee·kho millet milanesa ࿥ mee·la·ne·sa pork, beef or chicken schnitzel – inferior cuts of beef are pounded to a thin slab, then fried in an egg & bread batter, served with mayonnaise & fresh limes & accompanied by rice, beans & salad mixiotes ࿬�SO mee·shyo·tes lamb, chicken or rabbit meat wrapped in a thin layer of maguey leaves & steamed in a rich broth, then served with a mild green sauce, sliced avocado & tortillas modongo ࿬�jarocho mon·don·go kha·ro·cho rich, stew-like dish with ham, tripe, pork, chickpeas, coriander & tortillas mojarra ࿥ a la veracruzana mo·kha·ra a la ve·ra·kroo·sa·na spicy baked perch in a tomato, onion & green olive salsa mole ࿬ mo·le the quintessential Mexican sauce, made using a variety of chillies, herbs, spices & chocolate — almendrado al·men·dra·do a mole made mainly with almonds — coloradito ko·lo·ra·dee·to a Oaxacan mole made with chillies, sesame seeds, almonds, raisins, bananas & spices, ladled over chicken — de olla de o·ya type of mole prepared with pork, lamb or smoked meat, cactus fruit & epazote — de xico de khee·ko a slightly sweet mole — naolinco na·o·leen·ko a spicy mole — negro ne·gro a dark mole — poblano po·bla·no type of mole made from deseeded & pureed chillies, onion, coriander, anise, cinnamon, garlic, toasted peanuts, almonds & sweetened chocolate mollejas ࿥�SO�mo·ye·khas giblets molletes ࿬�SO mo·ye·tes savoury, fi lled bread roll spread with refried beans & melted cheese & topped with fresh salsa mondongo ࿬ mon·don·go a kind of stew with several regional variations mora ࿥ mo·ra mulberry moronga ࿥ mo·ron·ga black pudding mostaza ࿥ mos·ta·sa mustard N nabo ࿬ na·bo turnip naranja ࿥ na·ran·kha orange — agria a·grya bitter orange used in marinades & sauces — china ࿥ chee·na kumquat nieves ࿥�SO�nye·ves sherbets made with fruits or other ingredients such as tequila, avocado, shrimp, rosehips or sweet corn nixtamal ࿬ neek·sta·mal mixture of corn & lime used in tortilla dough (see masa) nogada ࿥ no·ga·da walnut or walnut sauce nogal no·gal walnut tree nopal ࿬ no·pal prickly pear cactus – the cactus pads (leaves) are cut into strips & boiled as a vegetable or added to scrambled eggs nudillo ࿬ noo·dee·yo knuckle © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 166 nueva cocina ࿥�mexicana nwe·va ko·see·na me·khee·ka·na ‘new Mexican cuisine’ – a movement among some chefs to combine traditional ingredients with contemporary preparations & presentations nuez ࿥ nwes nut — de Castilla de kas·tee·ya walnut — del Brasil del bra·seel brazil nut — de la India de la een·dya cashew — moscada mos·ka·da nutmeg — pacana pa·ka·na pecan O obleas ࿥�SO o·ble·as coloured wafers fi lled with raw brown sugar syrup & decorated with toasted pumpkin seeds octli ࿬ ok·tlee alcoholic drink made from a combination of juices from diff erent agave plants olivo ࿬ o·lee·vo olive tree oporto ࿬ o·por·to port ostra ࿥ os·tra oyster oveja ࿥ o·ve·kha sheep P palanquetas ࿥�SO�pa·lan·ke·tas traditional candy made with peanuts or pumpkin seeds conformed in rectangular or round shapes using caramelised sugar paleta ࿥ pa·le·ta lollipop • Popsicle • icy pole — de agua de a·gwa icy pole made with water & fruit juice — de leche de le·che icy pole made with milk & fruits or other ingredient such as vanilla, chocolate or nuts palomitas ࿥�SO�de maíz pa·lo·mee·tas de ma·ees pop corn pan ࿬ pan bread — árabe a·ra·be pita bread — de muerto de mwer·to heavy bread used as an off ering on the Day of the Dead (2 November) — de yema de ye·ma yellow, rich & heavy bread made with egg yolks — dulce dool·se sweet bread — duro doo·ro stale bread — tostado tos·ta·do toasted bread panuchos ࿬�SO pa·noo·chos fi nger food taken as an appetiser, these are bean- stuff ed tortillas, fried crisp then topped with a tower of shredded turkey or chicken, tomato, lettuce & onions papas ࿬�SO pa·pas potatoes — a la francesa a la fran·se·sa chips • French fries papadzules ࿬�SO pa·pad·soo·les fresh corn tortillas wrapped around a fi lling of chopped hard-boiled eggs then covered with sauce made from pumpkin seed & epazote papitas ࿥�SO�del monte pa·pee·tas del mon·te wild potatoes paprika ࿥ pap·ree·ka paprika parillada ࿥ pa·ree·ya·da fl ame-grilled meat platter pasa ࿥�(de uva) pa·sa (de oo·va) raisin pastel ࿬ pas·tel pastry • cake — de tres leches de tres le·ches cake made with evaporated milk, condensed milk & evaporated cream pastelería ࿥ pas·te·le·ree·a cake shop pastelito ࿬ pas·te·lee·to pastry patas ࿥�SO�pa·tas hooves pato ࿬ pa·to duck pavo ࿬ pa·vo turkey pechuga ࿥ pe·choo·ga breast — de pollo de po·yo chicken breast pepinillo ࿬ pe·pee·nee·yo gherkin pepino ࿬ pe·pee·no cucumber pepitoria ࿥ pe·pee·to·rya traditional candy made with coloured obleas pera ࿥ pe·ra pear perejil ࿬ pe·re·kheel parsley pescadería ࿥ pes·ka·de·ree·a fi shmonger pescado ࿬ pes·ka·do fi sh pibil ࿬ pee·beel sauce made from achiote, bitter orange juice, garlic, salt & pepper, used as a marinade for chicken or pork picadillo ࿬ pee·ka·dee·yo mincemeat cooked with tomatoes, almonds, raisins & vegetables pierna ࿥ pyer·na leg piloncillo ࿬ pee·lon·see·yo raw brown sugar © Lonely Planet Publications cu lin ary re ad e r 167 pimentón ࿬ pee·men·ton cayenne • red pepper • paprika pimienta ࿥ pee·myen·ta black pepper — de cayena de ka·ye·na cayenne pepper — entera en·te·ra ground pepper — inglesa een·gle·sa allspice — negra ne·gra black pepper — recién molida re·syen mo·lee·da freshly ground black pepper — verde ver·de green pepper pinole ࿬ pee·no·le fl our made with a mixture of toasted corn & amaranth seeds piña ࿥ pee·nya pineapple piñatas ࿥�SO�pee·nya·tas balloons or animal-shaped dolls made with clay or papier mache, fi lled with sweets, fruits, peanuts & toys piñón ࿬ pee·nyon pine nut pipián verde ࿬ pee·pyan ver·de a type of mole made with ground spices & pumpkin or squash seeds, green tomatoes, peanuts – served over pork or chicken pistaches ࿬�SO pees·ta·ches pistachios plátano ࿬ pla·ta·no banana • plantain — dominico do·mee·nee·ko small & very sweet banana — macho ma·cho large banana, fried & served with sour cream & sugar poc chuc ࿬ pok chook thin slice of pork, cooked on a grill & served on a sizzling plate with a bitter orange sauce & chopped onions pollo ࿬ po·yo chicken — a la pibil a la pee·beel chicken marinated in pibil sauce — frito free·to fried chicken — rostisado ros·tee·sa·do roast chicken ponche ࿬ de frutas pon·che de froo·tas fruit punch prepared during Christmas festivities made with guava, tejocotes, sugar cane, cinnamon, raisins, cloves & raw sugar — con piquete kon pee·ke·te fruit punch with a shot of tequila or rum postre ࿬ pos·tre dessert pozole ࿬ po·so·le thick soup made of corn, chicken or pork, lettuce & slices of radish, traditionally eaten at Christmas — blanco blan·ko corn soup prepared with stock but without chillies — rojo ro·kho corn soup made with chilli — verde ver·de corn soup made with green chillies & toasted pumpkin seeds puchero ࿬ poo·che·ro stew made of chicken & vegetables puerro ࿬ pwe·ro leek pulpo ࿬ pool·po octopus — en su tinta en soo teen·ta octopus in its own ink pulque ࿬ pool·ke white, thick, sweet alcoholic drink made from the fermented sap of agave plants, especially the maguey Q queretanas ࿥�SO�ke·re·ta·nas Queretaro- style enchiladas topped with shredded lettuce & other raw vegetables quesadillas ࿥�SO�ke·sa·dee·yas fl our or corn tortillas with a savoury cheese fi lling • corn dough fi lled with diff erent toppings such as mushrooms, mashed potatoes, huitlacoche & rajas quesillo ࿬ ke·see·yo stringy goat’s milk cheese from Oaxaca queso ࿬ ke·so cheese — añejo a·nye·kho hard, aged cheese with a sharp fl avour similar to Parmesan — Chihuahua chee·wa·wa creamy yellow cheese often used in quesadillas — crema kre·ma cream cheese — fresco fres·ko cheese made from cow’s milk — fundido foon·dee·do cheese fondue — manchego man·che·go although this cheese is originally from La Mancha in Spain, it’s a popular cheese in Mexico & used in many recipes — Oaxaca wa·kha·ka Oaxacan cheese, made from goat’s milk (see quesillo) — parmesano par·me·sa·no Parmesan cheese © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 168 R rábano ࿬ ra·ba·no radish — picante pee·kan·te horseradish rabo ࿬ ra·bo tail rajas ࿥�SO� ra·khas slices of chilli — con crema kon kre·ma a dish made with chile poblano & sour cream — en escabeche en es·ka·be·che pickled chillies rana ࿥ ra·na frog ranchera ࿥ ran·che·ra sauce made with chillies, tomatoes, onions, coriander – used for eggs or enchiladas raspados ࿬�SO ras·pa·dos ‘scrapings’ – fl avoured ice with fruit juice, sold by pushcart vendors as a refreshing treat rebanada ࿥ re·ba·na·da a slice regaliz ࿬ re·ga·lees liquorice refresco ࿬ re·fres·ko soft drink relleno ࿬ re·ye·no stuffi ng — negro ne·gro green pepper, chiles anchos & achiote, served over shredded turkey & a hard-boiled egg relleno/a ࿬�࿥ re·ye·no/a stuff ed reposado ࿬ re·po·sa·do an alcoholic drink such as tequila that has been aged two to 12 months requesón ࿬ re·ke·son cottage cheese res ࿥ res beef riñón ࿬ ree·nyon kidney robalo ࿬ ro·ba·lo sea bass romero ࿬ ro·me·ro rosemary ron ࿬ ron rum rosca ࿥�de reyes ros·ka de re·yes eaten on Epiphany (6 January), this large, wreath- shaped pastry has a small china doll representing Christ, baked into it – whoever gets the piece with the doll in it throws a party on Candlemas Day (2 February) S sal ࿥ sal salt salbutes ࿬�SO sal·boo·tes fried crisp tortillas topped with a tower of shredded turkey or chicken, tomato, lettuce & onions salchicha ࿥ sal·chee·cha frankfurter — de coctel de kok·tel small cocktail sausage — de Viena de vye·na sausages used for hot dogs salsa ࿥ sal·sa a spicy, tomato-based sauce — a la veracruzana a la ve·ra·kroo·sa·na sauce of tomato, onion & green olives — bandera ban·de·ra ‘fl ag sauce’ – named for the red of the tomato, the white of the onion & the green of the chilli — borracha bo·ra·cha ‘drunken sauce’ – made from roasted chile pasilla, garlic, onion, cheese & pulque — de tomatillos sauce with green chillies, onion & coriander — picante pee·kan·te hot sauce — roja ro·kha red sauce made with plum tomatoes, onions, garlic & salt — tártara tar·ta·ra tartare sauce — verde ver·de green sauce made with tomatillos, green chillies, onion & coriander sandía ࿥ san·dee·a watermelon – a symbol of Mexico (the red, white & green correspond to the colours of the Mexican fl ag) sangría ࿥ san·gree·a refreshing cold drink of Spanish origin made with red wine, lemonade & sliced fresh fruit sangrita ࿥ san·gree·ta bright red, thickish mixture of crushed tomatoes (or tomato juice), orange juice, grenadine, chilli & salt – served chilled with a shot of tequila sardina ࿥ sar·dee·na sardine semilla ࿥ se·mee·ya seed — de ajonjolí de a·khon·kho·lee sesame seed — de amapola de a·ma·po·la poppy seed — de apio de a·pyo celery seed — de hinojo de ee·no·kho fennel seed semita ࿥ se·mee·ta round & fl at sweet bread semillas ࿥�SO�de alcaravea se·mee·yas de al·ka·ra·ve·a caraway seed sémola ࿥ se·mo·la semolina sesos ࿬�SO se·sos brains sidra ࿥ see·dra cider © Lonely Planet Publications cu lin ary re ad e r 169 sopa ࿥ so·pa soup • chowder — de coco de ko·ko coconut soup — de lima de lee·ma lime soup — de nopales de no·pa·les soup with cactus leaves — de tortilla de tor·tee·ya chicken broth-based soup featuring strips of leftover corn tortillas — seca se·ka ‘dry soup’ – a rice, pasta or tortilla-based dish sope ࿬ so·pe thick cornfl our tortilla stuff ed with refried beans, served with chicken or other meat with lettuce & cream on the top T tablillas ࿥�SO�de chocolate ta·blee·yas de cho·ko·la·te blocks of chocolate tacos ࿬�SO ta·kos folded corn tortillas fi lled with meat, beans & other ingredients — al pastor al pas·tor tacos with meat cut from a roasting spit, served with fresh pineapple, onions, coriander & salsa — árabe a·ra·be tacos made with slightly thicker wheat bread (pita bread) — de carne asada de kar·ne a·sa·da tacos with minced beef — de carnitas de kar·nee·tas tacos with fi nely chopped pork — de pollo de po·yo chicken tacos — dorados do·ra·dos deep fried tacos tallo ࿬ ta·yo shank tamales ࿬�SO ta·ma·les corn dough stuff ed with meat, mole, green or red salsa, fruit or nothing at all, usually wrapped in banana leaves, sometimes in corn husks & then steamed tamarindo ࿬ ta·ma·reen·do tamarind, a fruit used for making aguas, nieves & desserts taquería ࿥ ta·ke·ree·a place that specialises in serving tacos taquito ࿬ ta·kee·to a small tortilla wrapped around meat or chicken té ࿬ te tea — de hierbabuena de yer·ba·bwe·na peppermint tea — de limón de lee·mon lemongrass tea — de manzanilla de man·sa·nee·ya chamomile tea — de menta de men·ta mint tea — descafeinado des·ka·fay·na·do decaff einated tea — negro ne·gro black tea tejate ࿬ te·kha·te Oaxacan recipe for chocolate that includes mamey seeds, cacao fl owers & corn dough tejocote ࿬ te·kho·ko·te hawthorn telera ࿥ te·le·ra French-style roll used to make tortas tepache ࿬ te·pa·che alcoholic drink made from fermented pineapple tequila ࿥ te·kee·la classic Mexican spirit distilled from the maguey plant, also known as the blue agave plant ternera ࿥ ter·ne·ra veal tescalate ࿬ tes·ka·la·te type of chocolate popular in Chiapas, made by grinding the cacao beans with toasted corn & achiote tlayuda ࿥ tla·yoo·da large, crisp tortilla topped with Oaxacan cheese, tomatoes & beans, also called clayuda tocino ࿬ to·see·no bacon — de lomo de lo·mo bacon (off the back) tomate ࿬ verde to·ma·te ver·de see tomatillo tomatillo ࿬ to·ma·tee·yo small green native tomato wrapped in a brownish papery husk – used for salsas (also known as tomate verde) tomillo ࿬ to·mee·yo thyme tonronja ࿥ to·ron·kha grapefruit to’owloche ࿬ tow·lo·che ‘wrapped in corn leaves’ – Mayan tamal made by home chefs & served to people in the street on festival days toro ࿬ to·ro bull torta ࿥ tor·ta sandwich made with crusty bread tortillas ࿥ tor·tee·yas ubiquitous round fl atbread made with corn or wheat fl our, a staple in the Mexican diet for thousands of years – used in making tacos, chalupas, huaraches, sopes & tostadas — de maíz de ma·ees corn tortillas — de trigo de tree·go wheat tortillas — yucatecas yoo·ka·te·kas see papadzules © Lonely Planet Publications FO O D 170 tortillería ࿥ tor·tee·ye·ree·a bakery in which Mexicans buy their tortillas by the kilo (if they don’t make it themselves at home) tostadas ࿥�SO�tos·ta·das fried corn tortillas totopos ࿬�SO to·to·pos deep-fried wedges of stale corn tortillas trigo ࿬ tree·go wheat — integral een·te·gral whole-grain wheat — sarraceno ࿬ sa·ra·se·no buckwheat tripa ࿥ tree·pa tripe trucha ࿥ troo·cha trout tuna ࿥ too·na prickly pear • cactus fruit tuétano ࿬ twe·ta·no marrow turrón ࿬ too·ron nougat U uchepos ࿬�SO�oo·che·pos corn dough, wrapped in corn husks, steamed & served with fresh cream uvas ࿥�SO�oo·vas grapes V vainilla ࿥ vay·nee·ya vanilla vajilla ࿥ va·khee·ya crockery • china venado ࿬ ve·na·do venison • deer verdulería ࿥ ver·doo·le·ree·a greengrocer verduras ࿥�SO�ver·doo·ras mixed greens vinagre ࿬ vee·na·gre vinegar — balsámico bal·sa·mee·ko balsamic vinegar vino ࿬ vee·no wine — afrutado a·froo·ta·do fruity wine — blanco blan·ko white wine — de la casa de la ka·sa house wine — dulce dool·se sweet wine — espumoso es·poo·mo·so sparkling wine — ligeramente dulce lee·khe·ra·men·te dool·se lightly sweet wine — muy seco mooy se·ko very dry wine — nacional na·syo·nal domestic wine — seco se·ko dry wine — semi-seco se·mee se·ko semi-dry wine — tinto teen·to red wine vuelve a la vida ࿬ vwel·ve a la vee·da ‘go back to life’ – seafood cocktail in a tomato salsa W whiskey ࿬�wees·kee whiskey —�canadiense ka·na·dyen·se rye whiskey — de centeno de sen·te·no bourbon whiskey X xcatik ࿬ shka·teek kind of chilli found in Yucatán state xtabentún ࿬ shta·ben·toon Mayan liqueur made from native xtabentún fl owers Z zanahoria ࿥ sa·na·o·rya carrot © Lonely Planet Publications. To make it easier for you to use, access to this chapter is not digitally restricted. In return, we think it’s fair to ask you to use it for personal, non-commercial purposes only. In other words, please don’t upload this chapter to a peer-to-peer site, mass email it to everyone you know, or resell it. See the terms and conditions on our site for a longer way of saying the above - ‘Do the right thing with our content.’ © Lonely Planet Publications 171 e sse n tials SAFE TRAVEL > essentials básicos emergencies emergencias Help! ¡Socorro! so·ko·ro Stop! ¡Pare! pa·re Go away! ¡Váyase! va·ya·se Thief! ¡Ladrón! la·dron Fire! ¡Fuego! fwe·go Watch out! ¡Cuidado! kwee·da·do Call the police! ¡Llame a la policía! ya·me a la po·lee·see·a Call a doctor! ¡Llame a un médico! ya·me a oon me·dee·ko Call an ambulance! ¡Llame a una ambulancia! ya·me a oo·na am·boo·lan·sya It’s an emergency. Es una emergencia. es oo·na e·mer·khen·sya Could you help me, please? ¿Me puede ayudar, por favor? me pwe·de a·yoo·dar por fa·vor I have to use the telephone. Necesito usar el teléfono. ne·se·see·to oo·sar el te·le·fo·no We’ve had a (traffi c) accident. Tuvimos un accidente too·vee·mos oon ak·see·den·te (de tráfi co). (de tra·fee·ko) I’m lost. Estoy perdido/a. m/f es·toy per·dee·do/a Where are the toilets? ¿Dónde están los baños? don·de es·tan los ba·nyos © Lonely Planet Publications S A FE T R A V E L 172 Is it safe …? ¿Es seguro …? es se·goo·ro … at night de noche de no·che for foreigners para los pa·ra los extranjeros ek·stran·khe·ros for gay para viajeros pa·ra vya·khe·ros travellers gay gay for women para viajeras pa·ra vya·khe·ras travellers to go alone para ir solo/a m/f pa·ra eer so·lo/a to hitch pedir aventón pe·deer a·ven·ton police la policía Where’s the police station? ¿Dónde está la estación don·de es·ta la es·ta·syon de policía? de po·lee·see·a I want to report an off ence. Quiero denunciar un kye·ro de·noon·syar oon delito. de·lee·to I’ve lost (my wallet). Perdí (mi cartera). per·dee (mee kar·te·ra) My … was Mi … fue mee … fwe stolen. robado/a. m/f ro·ba·do/a backpack mochila f mo·chee·la money dinero m dee·ne·ro My … were Mis … fueron mees … fwe·ron stolen. robados/as. m/f pl ro·ba·dos/as bags maletas f pl ma·le·tas tickets boletos m pl bo·le·tos He/She tried to … Él/Élla intentó … m/f el/e·ya een·ten·to … assault asaltarme a·sal·tar·me rape violarme vyo·lar·me rob robarme ro·bar·me © Lonely Planet Publications e sse n tials 173 I’ve been robbed. Me han robado. me an ro·ba·do He’s/She’s been assaulted. Lo/La asaltaron. m/f lo/la a·sal·ta·ron I’ve been raped. Me violaron. m&f me vyo·la·ron He’s/She’s been raped. Lo/La violaron. m/f lo/la vyo·la·ron I want to contact my consulate/embassy. Quiero ponerme en kye·ro po·ner·me en contacto con mi kon·tak·to kon mee consulado/embajada. kon·soo·la·do/em·ba·kha·da Can I call someone ? ¿Puedo llamar a alguien? pwe·do ya·mar a al·gyen Can I call a lawyer? ¿Puedo llamar a un pwe·do ya·mar a oon abogado? a·bo·ga·do Can I have a lawyer who speaks English? Quisiera un abogado que kee·sye·ra oon a·bo·ga·do ke hable inglés. a·ble een·gles Can we pay an on-the-spot fi ne? ¿Podemos pagar una po·de·mos pa·gar oo·na multa de contado? mool·ta de kon·ta·do This drug is for personal use. Esta droga es para uso es·ta dro·ga es pa·ra oo·so personal. per·so·nal I have a prescription for this drug. Tengo receta para esta ten·go re·se·ta pa·ra es·ta medicina. me·dee·see·na I (don’t) understand. (No) Entiendo. (no) en·tyen·do What am I accused of? ¿De qué me acusan? de ke me a·koo·san I’m sorry. Lo siento. lo syen·to © Lonely Planet Publications S A FE T R A V E L 174 I didn’t realise I was doing anything wrong. No sabía que estaba no sa·bee·a ke es·ta·ba haciendo algo mal. a·syen·do al·go mal I didn’t do it. No lo hice. no lo ee·se I’m innocent. Soy inocente. soy ee·no·sen·te the police may say … You’ll be Será acusado/a se·ra a·koo·sa·do/a charged with … de … m/f de … He’ll/She’ll be Él/Ella será el/e·ya se·ra charged with … acusado/a a·koo·sa·do/a de … m/f de … anti-government actividades ak·tee·vee·da·des activity contra el kon·tra el gobierno go·byer·no assault agresión a·gre·syon disturbing the alterar el orden al·te·rar el or·den peace público poo·blee·ko indecent behaviour faltas a la moral fal·tas a la mo·ral overstaying quedarse más ke·dar·se mas your visa tiempo de lo que tyem·po de lo ke permite la visa per·mee·te la vee·sa possession (of posesión (de po·se·syon (de illegal sustancias soos·tan·syas substances) ilegales) ee·le·ga·les) shoplifting robo ro·bo speeding exceso de ek·se·so de velocidad ve·lo·see·dad theft robo ro·bo © Lonely Planet Publications 175 h e alth doctor el médico Where’s the ¿Dónde está … don·de es·ta … nearest …? más cercano/a? m/f mas ser·ka·no/a (night) chemist la farmacia f la far·ma·sya (de guardia) (de gwar·dya) dentist el dentista m el den·tees·ta doctor el médico m el me·dee·ko hospital el hospital m el os·pee·tal medical centre la clínica f la klee·nee·ka optometrist el optometrista m el op·to·me·trees·ta I need a doctor (who speaks English). Necesito un doctor ne·se·see·to oon dok·tor (que hable inglés). (ke a·ble een·gles) Could I see a female doctor? ¿Puede revisarme pwe·de re·vee·sar·me una doctora? oo·na dok·to·ra Can the doctor come here? ¿Puede visitarme pwe·de vee·see·tar·me el doctor? el dok·tor I’ve been Estoy vacunado/a es·toy va·koo·na·do/a against … contra … m/f kon·tra … He’s/She’s been Está vacunado/a es·ta va·koo·na·do/a vaccinated contra … m/f kon·tra … against … hepatitis A/B/C hepatitis A/B/C e·pa·tee·tees a/be/se tetanus tétanos te·ta·nos typhoid tifoidea tee·foy·de·a I need new … Necesito … nuevos. ne·se·see·to … nwe·vos contact lenses lentes de contacto len·tes de kon·tak·to glasses lentes len·tes health la salud © Lonely Planet Publications S A FE T R A V E L 176 I’ve run out of my medication. Se me terminaron mis se me ter·mee·na·ron mees medicinas. me·dee·see·nas This is my usual medicine. Esta es mi medicina es·te es mee me·dee·see·na habitual. a·bee·twal Can I have a receipt for my insurance? ¿Puede darme un recibo pwe·de dar·me oon re·see·bo para mi seguro médico? pa·ra mee se·goo·ro me·dee·ko I don’t want a blood transfusion. No quiero que me hagan no kye·ro ke me a·gan una transfusión de sangre. oo·na trans·foo·syon de san·gre Please use a new syringe. Por favor, use una por fa·vor oo·se oo·na jeringa nueva. khe·reen·ga nwe·va I have my own syringe. Tengo mi propia jeringa. ten·go mee pro·pya khe·reen·ga symptoms & conditions los síntomas & las condiciones I’m sick. Estoy enfermo/a. m/f es·toy en·fer·mo/a My friend is sick. Mi amigo/a está mee a·mee·go/a es·ta enfermo/a. m/f en·fer·mo/a It hurts here. Me duele aquí. me dwe·le a·kee I’ve been injured. He sido lastimado/a. m/f e see·do las·tee·ma·do/a I’ve been vomiting. He estado vomitando. e es·ta·do vo·mee·tan·do I’m dehydrated. Estoy deshidratado/a. m/f es·toy des·ee·dra·ta·do/a I’m all hot and cold. Tengo escalofríos. ten·go es·ka·lo·free·os I can’t sleep. No puedo dormir. no pwe·do dor·meer © Lonely Planet Publications h e alth 177 the doctor may say … Where does it hurt? ¿Dónde le duele? don·de le dwe·le How long have you been like this? ¿Desde cuándo se des·de kwan·do se siente así? syen·te a·see Have you had this before? ¿Ha tenido ésto antes? a te·nee·do es·to an·tes Have you had unprotected sex? ¿Ha tenido relaciones a te·nee·do re·la·syo·nes sexuales sin sek·swa·les seen protección? pro·tek·syon Are you on medication? ¿Está tomando algún es·ta to·man·do al·goon medicamento? me·dee·ka·men·to Are you pregnant? ¿Está embarazada? es·ta em·ba·ra·sa·da How long are you travelling for? ¿Por cuánto tiempo por kwan·to tyem·po va a viajar? va a vya·khar Do you …? ¿Usted …? oos·ted … drink bebe be·be smoke fuma foo·ma take drugs consume drogas kon·soo·me dro·gas You need to be admitted to hospital. Necesita ingresar al ne·se·see·ta een·gre·sar al hospital. os·pee·tal You should have it checked when you go home. Debe revisarse de·be re·vee·sar·se cuando vuelva a casa. kwan·do vwel·va a ka·sa You should return home for treatment. Debe regresar a casa de·be re·gre·sar a ka·sa para que lo/la atiendan. m/f pa·ra ke lo/la a·tyen·dan © Lonely Planet Publications S A FE T R A V E L 178 I feel … Me siento … me syen·to … anxious ansioso/a m/f an·syo·so/a better mejor me·khor depressed deprimido/a m/f de·pree·mee·do/a dizzy mareado/a m/f ma·re·a·do/a nauseous con náuseas kon now·se·as shivery destemplado/a m/f des·tem·pla·do/a strange raro/a m/f ra·ro/a weak débil de·veel worse peor pe·or I’ve (recently) had … (Hace poco) Tuve … (a·se po·ko) too·ve … He’s/She’s (recently) had … (Hace poco) Tuvo … (a·se po·ko) too·vo … I’m on medication for … Estoy bajo tratamiento es·toy ba·kho tra·ta·myen·to médico contra … me·dee·ko kon·tra … He’s/She’s on medication for … Está bajo tratamiento es·ta ba·kho tra·ta·myen·to médico contra … me·dee·ko kon·tra … I’m asthmatic. Soy asmático/a. m/f soy as·ma·tee·ko/a I’m diabetic. Soy diabético/a. m/f soy dya·be·tee·ko/a I’m epileptic. Soy epiléptico/a. m/f soy e·pee·lep·tee·ko/a asthma asma f as·ma cold resfriado m res·free·a·do cough tos f tos diarrhoea diarrea f dya·re·a fever fi ebre f fye·bre headache dolor m de cabeza do·lor de ka·be·sa infection infección f een·fek·syon sprain torcedura f tor·se·doo·ra For more symptoms and conditions, see the dictionary. © Lonely Planet Publications h e alth 179 women’s health salud femenina I think I’m pregnant. Creo que estoy embarazada. kre·o ke es·toy em·ba·ra·sa·da I’m pregnant. Estoy embarazada. es·toy em·ba·ra·sa·da I’m on the Pill. Tomo pastillas to·mo pas·tee·yas anticonceptivas. an·tee·kon·sep·tee·vas I haven’t had my period for (three) days/weeks. Hace (tres) días/semanas a·se (tres) dee·as/se·ma·nas que no tengo mi periodo. ke no ten·go mee pe·ryo·do I’ve noticed a lump here. He notado que tengo una e no·ta·do ke ten·go oo·na bola aquí. bo·la a·kee the doctor may say … Are you using contraception? ¿Usa anticonceptivos? oo·sa an·tee·kon·sep·tee·vos Are you menstruating? ¿Está menstruando? es·ta men·strwan·do Are you pregnant? ¿Está embarazada? es·ta em·ba·ra·sa·da When did you last have your period? ¿Cuándo tuvo su kwan·do too·vo soo último periodo? ool·tee·mo pe·ryo·do You’re pregnant. Está embarazada. es·ta em·ba·ra·sa·da © Lonely Planet Publications S A FE T R A V E L 180 I need … Necesito … ne·se·see·to … contraception algún método al·goon me·to·do anticonceptivo an·tee·kon·sep·tee·vo the morning- tomar la pastilla to·mar la pas·tee·ya after pill del día del dee·a siguiente see·gyen·te a pregnancy una prueba del oo·na prwe·ba de test embarazo em·ba·ra·so allergies alergias I have a skin allergy. Tengo alergia en la piel. ten·go a·ler·gya en la pyel I’m allergic to … Soy alérgico/a … m/f soy a·ler·khee·ko/a … He’s/She’s Es alérgico/a … m/f es a·ler·khee·ko/a … allergic to … antibiotics a los a los antibióticos an·tee·byo·tee·kos anti- a los anti- a los an·tee· infl ammatories infl amatorios een·fl a·ma·to·ryos aspirin a la aspirina a la as·pee·ree·na antihistamines a los anti- a los an·tee· histamínicos ees·ta·mee·nee·kos bees a las abejas a las a·be·khas codeine a la codeína a la ko·de·ee·na inhalers a los inhaladores a los ee·na·la·do·res injections a las a las inyecciones een·yek·syo·nes penicillin a la a la penicilina pe·nee·see·lee·na pollen al polen al po·len For food-related allergies, see vegetarian & special meals, page 156. © Lonely Planet Publications h e alth 181 parts of the body las partes del cuerpo My (stomach) hurts. Me duele mi (estómago). me dwe·le mee (es·to·ma·go) I can’t move my (ankle). No puedo mover mi no pwe·do mo·ver mee (tobillo). (to·bee·yo) I have a cramp in my (foot). Tengo calambres en mi (pie). ten·go ka·lam·bres en mee (pye) My (throat) is swollen. Mi (garganta) está mee (gar·gan·ta) es·ta hinchada. een·cha·da For more parts of the body, see the dictionary. head cabeza f ca·be·sa arm brazo m bra·so stomach estómago m es·to·ma·go leg pierna f pyer·na hand mano f ma·no chest pecho m pe·cho eyes ojos m pl o·khos nose nariz f na·rees mouth boca f bo·ka bum nalga f nal·ga ear oreja f o·re·kha foot pie m pye © Lonely Planet Publications S A FE T R A V E L 182 chemist la farmacia I need something for (fever). Necesito algo para ne·se·see·to al·go pa·ra (la fi ebre). (la fye·bre) Do I need a prescription for (antihistamines)? ¿Necesito una receta para ne·se·see·to oo·na re·se·ta pa·ra (antihistamínicos)? (an·tee·ees·ta·mee·nee·kos) How many times a day? ¿Cuántas veces al día? kwan·tas ve·ses al dee·a Will it make me drowsy? ¿Me dará sueño? me da·ra swe·nyo For more chemist items, see the dictionary. listen for … a to·ma·do es·to an·tes ¿Ha tomado ésto antes? Have you taken this before? de·be ter·mee·nar el tra·ta·myen·to Debe terminar el You must complete tratamiento. the course. dos ve·ses al dee·a (kon la ko·mee·da) Dos veces al día (con la Twice a day (with food). comida). es·ta·ra lees·to en (vayn·te mee·noo·tos) Estará listo en (veinte It’ll be ready to pick minutos). up in (20 minutes). © Lonely Planet Publications h e alth 183 dentist el/la dentista I have a … Tengo … ten·go … broken tooth un diente roto oon dyen·te ro·to cavity una caries oo·na ka·ryes toothache dolor de muelas do·lor de mwe·las I need a/an … Necesito una … ne·se·see·to oo·na … anaesthetic anestesia a·nes·te·sya crown corona ko·ro·na fi lling amalgama a·mal·ga·ma listen for … a·bra gran·de Abra grande. Open wide. en·khwa·ge·se Enjuáguese. Rinse. es·to no le do·le·ra Esto no le dolerá. This won’t hurt a bit. es·to le pwe·de do·ler oon po·ko Esto le puede doler un poco. This might hurt a little. mwer·da es·to Muerda ésto. Bite down on this. no se mwe·va No se mueva. Don’t move. re·gre·se por ke no e ter·mee·na·do Regrese, porque no Come back, I haven’t he terminado. finished. © Lonely Planet Publications S A FE T R A V E L 184 I’ve lost a fi lling. Se me cayó una amalgama. se me ka·yo oo·na a·mal·ga·ma My dentures are broken. Se me rompió la se me rom·pyo la dentadura postiza. den·ta·doo·ra pos·tee·sa My gums hurt. Me duelen las encías. me dwe·len las en·see·as I don’t want it extracted. No quiero que me lo saque. no kye·ro ke me lo sa·ke Ouch! ¡Ay! ai © Lonely Planet Publications. To make it easier for you to use, access to this chapter is not digitally restricted. In return, we think it’s fair to ask you to use it for personal, non-commercial purposes only. In other words, please don’t upload this chapter to a peer-to-peer site, mass email it to everyone you know, or resell it. See the terms and conditions on our site for a longer way of saying the above - ‘Do the right thing with our content.’ © Lonely Planet Publications 185 e n g lish –m exican sp an ish A A (to be) able poder po·der aboard a bordo a bor·do abortion aborto ࿬ a·bor·to about sobre so·bre above arriba a·ree·ba abroad en el extranjero en el ek·stran·khe·ro accept aceptar a·sep·tar accident accidente ࿬ ak·see·den·te accommodation alojamiento ࿬ a·lo·kha·myen·to across a través a tra·ves activist activista ࿬ ࿥ ak·tee·vees·ta acupuncture acupuntura ࿥ a·koo·poon·too·ra adaptor adaptador ࿬ a·dap·ta·dor address dirección ࿥ dee·rek·syon administration administración ࿥ ad·mee·nees·tra·syon admission price precio ࿬ de entrada pre·syo de en·tra·da admit (acknowledge) reconocer re·ko·no·ser admit (allow to enter) dejar entrar de·khar en·trar admit (accept) admitir ad·mee·teer adult adulto/a ࿬�࿥ a·dool·to/a advertisement anuncio ࿬ a·noon·syo advice consejo ࿬ kon·se·kho advise aconsejar a·kon·se·khar aerobics aeróbics ࿬ a·e·ro·beeks Africa África a·free·ka after después de des·pwes de aftershave loción ࿥ para después del afeitado lo·syon pa·ra des·pwes del a·fay·ta·do again otra vez o·tra ves age edad ࿥ e·dad aggressive agresivo/a ࿬�࿥ a·gre·see·vo/a agree estar de acuerdo es·tar de a·kwer·do agriculture agricultura ࿥ a·gree·kool·too·ra AIDS SIDA ࿬ see·da air aire ࿬ ai·re airmail correo ࿬aéreo ko·re·o a·e·re·o (by) airmail por vía ࿥ aérea por vee·a a·e·re·a air-conditioning aire ࿬ acondicio- nado ai·re a·kon·dee·syo·na·do airline aerolínea ࿥ a·e·ro·lee·ne·a airport aeropuerto ࿬ a·e·ro·pwer·to airport tax tasa ࿥ de aeropuerto ta·sa de a·e·ro·pwer·to alarm clock despertador ࿬ des·per·ta·dor alcohol alcohol ࿬ al·kol all todo to·do allergy alergia ࿥ a·ler·khya allow permitir per·mee·teer almond almendra ࿥ al·men·dra almost casi ka·see alone solo/a ࿬�࿥ so·lo/a already ya ya also también tam·byen altar altar ࿬ al·tar altitude altura ࿥ al·too·ra always siempre syem·pre amateur amateur ࿬ ࿥ a·ma·ter ambassador embajador/embajadora ࿬�࿥ em·ba·kha·dor/em·ba·kha·do·ra among entre en·tre anarchist anarquista ࿬ ࿥ a·nar·kees·ta DICTIONARY > english–mexican spanish Nouns in the dictionary have their gender indicated by ࿬ or ࿥. If it’s a plural noun, you’ll also see�SO. Where a word that could be either a noun or a verb has no gender indicated, it’s the verb. For all words relating to local food, see the culinary reader, page 157. D IC T IO N A R Y 186 ancient antiguo/a ࿬�࿥ an·tee·gwo/a and y ee angry enojado/a ࿬�࿥ e·no·kha·do/a animal animal ࿬ a·nee·mal ankle tobillo ࿬ to·bee·yo answer respuesta ࿥ res·pwes·ta answering machine contestadora ࿥ kon·tes·ta·do·ra ant hormiga ࿥ or·mee·ga anthology antología ࿥ an·to·lo·khee·a antibiotics antibióticos ࿬�SO an·tee·byo·tee·kos antimalarial tablets pastillas ࿥�SO antipalúdicas pas·tee·yas an·tee·pa·loo·dee·kas antinuclear antinuclear an·tee·noo·kle·ar antique antigüedad ࿥ an·tee·gwe·dad antiseptic antiséptico ࿬ an·tee·sep·tee·ko any (singular) alguno/a ࿬�࿥ al·goo·no/a any (plural) algunos/as ࿬�࿥� al·goo·nos/as appendix apéndice ࿬ a·pen·dee·se apple manzana ࿥ man·sa·na appointment cita ࿥ see·ta apricot chabacano ࿬ cha·ba·ka·no archaeological arqueológico/a ࿬�࿥ ar·ke·o·lo·khee·ko/a archaeologist arqueólogo/a ࿬�࿥ ar·ke·o·lo·go/a architect arquitecto/a ࿬�࿥ ar·kee·tek·to/a architecture arquitectura ࿥ ar·kee·tek·too·ra argue discutir dees·koo·teer arm brazo ࿬ bra·so army ejército ࿬ e·kher·see·to arrest arrestar a·res·tar arrivals llegadas ࿥�SO ye·ga·das arrive llegar ye·gar art arte ࿬ ar·te art gallery galería ࿥ de arte ga·le·ree·a de ar·te artichoke alcachofa ࿥ al·ka·cho·fa artist artista ࿬ ࿥ ar·tees·ta ashtray cenicero ࿬ se·nee·se·ro Asia Asia ࿥ a·sya ask (a question) preguntar pre·goon·tar ask (for something) pedir pe·deer aspirin aspirina ࿥ as·pee·ree·na assault agresión ࿥ a·gre·syon asthma asma ࿬ as·ma at the back (behind) detrás de de·tras de athletics atletismo ࿬ at·le·tees·mo atmosphere atmósfera ࿥ at·mos·fe·ra aubergine berenjena ࿥ be·ren·khe·na aunt tía ࿥ tee·a Australia Australia ࿥ ow·stra·lya Australian Rules football fútbol�࿬ australiano foot·bol ows·tra·lya·no automatic teller machine cajero ࿬ automático ka·khe·ro ow·to·ma·tee·ko autumn otoño ࿬ o·to·nyo avenue avenida ࿥ a·ve·nee·da avocado aguacate ࿬ a·gwa·ka·te Aztec azteca ࿬ ࿥ as·te·ka B B&W (film) blanco y negro blan·ko ee ne·gro baby bebé ࿬ be·be baby food alimento�࿬ para bebé a·lee·men·to pa·ra be·be baby powder talco ࿬ para bebé tal·ko pa·ra be·be babysitter niñera ࿥ nee·nye·ra back (of body) espalda ࿥ es·pal·da back (of chair) respaldo ࿬ res·pal·do backpack mochila ࿥ mo·chee·la bacon tocino ࿬ to·see·no bad malo/a ࿬�࿥ ma·lo/a bag bolsa�࿥ bol·sa baggage equipaje ࿬ e·kee·pa·khe baggage allowance límite ࿬ de equipaje lee·mee·te de e·kee·pa·khe baggage claim entrega ࿥ de equipaje en·tre·ga de e·kee·pa·khe bakery panadería ࿥ pa·na·de·ree·a balance (account) saldo ࿬ sal·do balcony balcón ࿬ bal·kon B e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 187 ball pelota ࿥ pe·lo·ta ballet ballet ࿬ ba·le banana plátano ࿬ pla·ta·no band grupo ࿬ groo·po bandage vendaje ࿬ ven·da·khe Band-Aids curitas ࿥�SO koo·ree·tas bank banco ࿬ ban·ko bank account cuenta�࿥ bancaria kwen·ta ban·ka·rya banknotes billetes ࿬�SO bee·ye·tes baptism bautizo ࿬ bow·tee·so bar bar ࿬ bar bar (with live music) bar ࿬ con variedad bar kon va·rye·dad barber peluquero ࿬ pe·loo·ke·ro baseball béisbol ࿬ bays·bol basket canasta ࿥ ka·nas·ta basketball baloncesto ࿬ ba·lon·ses·to bathtub tina ࿥ tee·na bathing suit traje ࿬ de baño tra·khe de ba·nyo bathroom baño ࿬ ba·nyo battery (car) batería ࿥ ba·te·ree·a battery (small) pila ࿥ pee·la be (ongoing) ser ser be (temporary) estar es·tar beach playa ࿥ pla·ya beans frijoles ࿬�SO free·kho·les beautiful hermoso/a ࿬�࿥ er·mo·so/a beauty salon salón ࿬ de belleza sa·lon de be·ye·sa because porque por·ke bed cama ࿥ ka·ma bedding ropa ࿥ de cama ro·pa de ka·ma bedroom habitación ࿥ a·bee·ta·syon bee abeja ࿥ a·be·kha beef carne ࿥ de res kar·ne de res beer cerveza ࿥ ser·ve·sa beetroot betabel ࿬ be·ta·bel before antes an·tes beggar limosnero/a ࿬�࿥ lee·mos·ne·ro/a begin comenzar ko·men·sar behind detrás de de·tras de below abajo a·ba·kho best mejor me·khor bet apuesta ࿥ a·pwes·ta better mejor me·khor between entre en·tre Bible Biblia ࿥ bee·blya bicycle bicicleta ࿥ bee·see·kle·ta big grande gran·de bike bici ࿥ bee·see bike chain cadena ࿥ de bici ka·de·na de bee·see bike path carril�࿬ para bici ka·reel pa·ra bee·see bill (account) cuenta ࿥ kwen·ta biodegradable biodegradable bee·o·de·gra·da·ble biography biografía ࿥ bee·o·gra·fee·a bird pájaro ࿬ pa·kha·ro birth certificate acta ࿥ de nacimiento ak·ta de na·see·myen·to birthday cumpleaños ࿬ koom·ple·a·nyos birthday cake pastel ࿬ de cumplea- ños pas·tel de koom·ple·a·nyos biscuit galleta ࿥ ga·ye·ta bite (dog) mordedura ࿥ mor·de·doo·ra bite (food) bocado ࿬ bo·ka·do bite (insect) picadura ࿥ pee·ka·doo·ra black negro/a ࿬�࿥ ne·gro/a blanket cobija ࿥ ko·bee·kha bleed sangrar san·grar blind ciego/a ࿬�࿥ sye·go/a blister ampolla ࿥ am·po·ya blocked bloqueado/a ࿬�࿥ blo·ke·a·do/a blood sangre ࿥ san·gre blood group grupo ࿬ sanguíneo groo·po san·gee·ne·o blood pressure presión ࿥ arterial pre·syon ar·te·ryal blood test análisis ࿬ de sangre a·na·lee·sees de san·gre blue azul a·sool board (ship, etc) embarcar em·bar·kar boarding house pensión ࿥ pen·syon boarding pass pase ࿬ de abordar pa·se de a·bor·dar boat bote ࿬ bo·te body cuerpo ࿬ kwer·po B D IC T IO N A R Y 188 bomb bomba ࿥ bom·ba bone hueso ࿬ we·so book libro ࿬ lee·bro book (reserve) reservar re·ser·var booked out lleno/a ࿬�࿥�ye·no/a bookshop librería ࿥ lee·bre·ree·a boots botas ࿥�SO bo·tas border frontera ࿥ fron·te·ra boring aburrido/a ࿬�࿥ a·boo·ree·do/a borrow pedir prestado pe·deer pres·ta·do botanic garden jardín ࿬ botánico khar·deen bo·ta·nee·ko both ambos/as ࿬�࿥�SO am·bos/as bottle botella ࿥ bo·te·ya bottle opener destapador ࿬ des·ta·pa·dor bottle shop vinatería�࿥ vee·na·te·ree·a bowl refractario ࿬ re·frak·ta·ryo box caja ࿥ ka·kha boxer shorts boxers ࿬�SO bok·sers boxing boxeo ࿬ bok·se·o boy niño ࿬ nee·nyo boyfriend novio ࿬ no·vyo bra brassiere ࿬ bra·syer Braille Braille ࿬ brai·le brakes frenos ࿬�SO fre·nos branch office sucursal ࿥ soo·koor·sal brandy brandy ࿬ bran·dee brave valiente va·lyen·te bread pan ࿬ pan bread roll bolillo ࿬ bo·lee·yo brown bread pan ࿬ integral pan een·te·gral rye bread pan ࿬ de centeno pan de sen·te·no sourdough bread pan ࿬ de levadura�fermentada pan de le·va·doo·ra fer·men·ta·da white bread pan ࿬ blanco pan blan·ko break romper rom·per break down descomponerse des·kom·po·ner·se breakfast desayuno ࿬ de·sa·yoo·no breast (poultry) pechuga ࿥ pe·choo·ga breasts senos ࿬�SO se·nos breasts (colloquial) chichis ࿥�SO chee·chees breathe respirar res·pee·rar bribe soborno ࿬ so·bor·no bribe sobornar so·bor·nar bridge puente ࿬ pwen·te briefcase portafolios ࿬ por·ta·fo·lyos brilliant brillante bree·yan·te bring traer tra·er brochure folleto ࿬ fo·ye·to broken roto/a ࿬�࿥ ro·to/a bronchitis bronquitis ࿬ bron·kee·tees brother hermano ࿬ er·ma·no brown café ka·fe bruise moretón ࿬ mo·re·ton bucket cubeta ࿥ koo·be·ta Buddhist budista ࿬ ࿥ boo·dees·ta budget presupuesto ࿬ pre·soo·pwes·to buffet buffet ࿬ boo·fe bug bicho ࿬ bee·cho build construir kon·stroo·eer building edificio ࿬ e·dee·fee·syo bull toro ࿬ to·ro bullfight corrida ࿥ (de toros) ko·ree·da (de to·ros) bullring plaza ࿥ de toros pla·sa de to·ros bum (ass) culo ࿬ koo·lo burn quemadura ࿥ ke·ma·doo·ra burn (something) quemar ke·mar bus (city) camión ࿬ ka·myon bus (intercity) autobús ࿬ ow·to·boos bus station estación ࿥ de autobuses es·ta·syon de ow·to·boo·ses bus stop parada ࿥ de camiones pa·ra·da de ka·myo·nes business negocios ࿬�SO ne·go·syos business class clase ࿥ ejecutiva kla·se e·khe·koo·tee·va business person comerciante ࿬ ࿥ ko·mer·syan·te busker artista callejero/a ࿬�࿥ ar·tees·ta ka·ye·khe·ro/a busy ocupado/a ࿬�࿥ o·koo·pa·do/a but pero pe·ro B e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 189 butcher’s shop carnicería ࿥ kar·nee·se·ree·a butter mantequilla ࿥ man·te·kee·ya butterfly mariposa ࿥ ma·ree·po·sa buttons botones ࿬�SO bo·to·nes buy comprar kom·prar C cabbage col ࿥ kol cable cable ࿬ ka·ble cable car teleférico ࿬ te·le·fe·ree·ko cactus cactus ࿬ kak·toos cactus worms gusanos ࿬�SO de maguey goo·sa·nos de ma·gay cafe café ࿬ ka·fe cake pastel ࿬ pas·tel cake shop pastelería ࿥ pas·te·le·ree·a calculator calculadora ࿥ kal·koo·la·do·ra calendar calendario ࿬ ka·len·da·ryo calf becerro ࿬ be·se·ro camera cámara�࿥�fotográfica ka·ma·ra fo·to·gra·fee·ka camera shop tienda ࿥�de�fotografía tyen·da de fo·to·gra·fee·a camp acampar a·kam·par camping store tienda ࿥ de campismo tyen·da de kam·pees·mo campsite área�࿥ para acampar a·re·a pa·ra a·kam·par can (tin) lata ࿥ la·ta can (be able) poder po·der can opener abrelatas ࿬ a·bre·la·tas Canada Canadá ka·na·da cancel cancelar kan·se·lar cancer cáncer ࿬ kan·ser candle vela ࿥ ve·la candy dulces ࿬ SO dool·ses cantaloupe melón ࿬ cantaloupe me·lon kan·ta·loop capsicum pimiento ࿬ pee·myen·to car coche ࿬ ko·che car hire renta ࿥ de coches ren·ta de ko·ches car owner’s title factura ࿥ del coche fak·too·ra del ko·che car park estacionamiento ࿬ es·ta·syo·na·myen·to car registration matrícula ࿥ ma·tree·koo·la caravan caravana ࿥ ka·ra·va·na cards cartas ࿥�SO kar·tas care (about something) preocuparse por pre·o·koo·par·se por care (for someone) cuidar de kwee·dar de caring bondadoso/a ࿬�࿥ bon·da·do·so/a carpenter carpintero ࿬ kar·peen·te·ro carrot zanahoria ࿥ sa·na·o·rya carry llevar ye·var carton cartón ࿬ kar·ton cash dinero ࿬ en efectivo dee·ne·ro en e·fek·tee·vo cash (a cheque) cambiar (un cheque) kam·byar (oon che·ke) cash register caja ࿥ registradora ka·kha re·khees·tra·do·ra cashew nut nuez ࿥ de la India nwes de la een·dya cashier cajero/a ࿬�࿥ ka·khe·ro/a casino casino ࿬ ka·see·no cassette cassette ࿬ ka·set castle castillo ࿬ kas·tee·yo casual work trabajo ࿬�eventual tra·ba·kho e·ven·twal cat gato/a ࿬�࿥ ga·to/a cathedral catedral ࿥ ka·te·dral Catholic católico/a ࿬�࿥ ka·to·lee·ko/a cauliflower coliflor ࿥ ko·lee·flor caves cuevas ࿥�SO kwe·vas CD cómpact ࿬ kom·pakt celebrate (an event) celebrar se·le·brar celebration celebración ࿥ se·le·bra·syon cell phone teléfono�࿬�celular te·le·fo·no se·loo·lar cemetery cementerio ࿬ se·men·te·ryo cent centavo ࿬ sen·ta·vo centimetre centímetro ࿬ sen·tee·me·tro Central America Centroamérica ࿥ sen·tro·a·me·ree·ka C D IC T IO N A R Y 190 central heating calefacción ࿥ central ka·le·fak·syon sen·tral centre centro ࿬ sen·tro ceramic cerámica ࿥ se·ra·mee·ka cereal cereal ࿬ se·re·al certificate certificado ࿬ ser·tee·fee·ka·do chair silla ࿥ see·ya champagne champán ࿬ cham·pan chance oportunidad ࿥ o·por·too·nee·dad change (money) cambio ࿬ kam·byo change cambiar kam·byar changing rooms probadores ࿬�SO pro·ba·do·res charming encantador/encantadora ࿬�࿥ en·kan·ta·dor/en·kan·ta·do·ra chat up ligar lee·gar cheap barato/a ࿬�࿥ ba·ra·to/a cheat tramposo/a ࿬�࿥ tram·po·so/a check revisar re·vee·sar check (bank) cheque ࿬ che·ke check (bill) cuenta ࿥ kwen·ta check-in (flight) documentación ࿥ do·koo·men·ta·syon check-in (hotel) registro ࿬ re·khees·tro checkpoint control ࿬ kon·trol cheese queso ࿬ ke·so chef chef ࿬ ࿥ chef chemist (person) farmacéutico/a ࿬�࿥ far·ma·sew·tee·ko/a chemist (shop) farmacia ࿥ far·ma·sya cheque cheque ࿬ che·ke chess ajedrez ࿬ a·khe·dres chest pecho ࿬ pe·cho chewing gum chicle ࿬ chee·kle chicken pollo ࿬ po·yo chicken breast pechuga ࿥ de pollo pe·choo·ga de po·yo chickpeas garbanzos ࿬�SO gar·ban·sos child niño/a ࿬�࿥ nee·nyo/a child’s car seat asiento�࿬ de seguridad para bebés a·syen·to de se·goo·ree·dad pa·ra be·bes childminding service guardería ࿥ gwar·de·ree·a children niños ࿬ ࿥�SO�nee·nyos chilli chile ࿬ chee·le chilli sauce salsa ࿥ picante sal·sa pee·kan·te chocolate chocolate ࿬ cho·ko·la·te choose elegir e·le·kheer Christian cristiano/a ࿬�࿥ krees·tya·no/a Christmas Day Navidad ࿥ na·vee·dad Christmas Eve Nochebuena ࿥ no·che·bwe·na church iglesia ࿥ ee·gle·sya cider sidra ࿥ see·dra cigar puro ࿬ poo·ro cigarette cigarro ࿬ see·ga·ro cigarette lighter encendedor ࿬ en·sen·de·dor cigarette machine máquina ࿥ de tabaco ma·kee·na de ta·ba·ko cigarette papers papel ࿬ para cigar- ros pa·pel pa·ra see·ga·ros cinema cine ࿬ see·ne cinnamon canela ࿥ ka·ne·la circus circo ࿬ seer·ko citizenship ciudadanía ࿥ syoo·da·da·nee·a city ciudad ࿥ syoo·dad city centre centro ࿬ de la ciudad sen·tro de la syoo·dad city walls murallas ࿥�SO moo·ra·yas civil rights derechos ࿬�SO civiles de·re·chos see·vee·les classical clásico/a ࿬�࿥ kla·see·ko/a clean limpio/a ࿬�࿥ leem·pyo/a cleaning trabajo ࿬ de limpieza tra·ba·kho de leem·pye·sa client cliente/a ࿬�࿥ klee·en·te/a cliff acantilado ࿬ a·kan·tee·la·do climb escalar es·ka·lar cloak capa ࿬ ka·pa cloakroom guardarropa ࿬ gwar·da·ro·pa clock reloj ࿬ re·lokh close (nearby) cerca ser·ka close (shut) cerrar se·rar closed cerrado/a ࿬�࿥ se·ra·do/a clothes line tendedero ࿬ ten·de·de·ro clothing ropa ࿥ ro·pa C e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 191 clothing store tienda ࿥�de ropa tyen·da de ro·pa cloud nube ࿥ noo·be cloudy nublado noo·bla·do clove (of garlic) diente (de ajo) dyen·te (de a·kho) cloves clavos ࿬�SO de olor kla·vos de o·lor clutch embrague ࿬ em·bra·ge coach entrenador/entrenadora ࿬�࿥ en·tre·na·dor/en·tre·na·do·ra coast costa ࿥ kos·ta cocaine cocaína ࿥ ko·ka·ee·na cockroach cucaracha ࿥ koo·ka·ra·cha cocoa cacao ࿬ ka·kow coconut coco ࿬ ko·ko codeine codeína ࿥ ko·de·ee·na coffee café ࿬ ka·fe coins monedas ࿥�SO mo·ne·das cold frío/a ࿬�࿥ free·o/a cold (illness) resfriado ࿬ res·free·a·do colleague colega ࿬ ࿥ ko·le·ga collect call llamada ࿥ por cobrar ya·ma·da por ko·brar college universidad ࿥ oo·nee·ver·see·dad colour color ࿬ ko·lor colour film película ࿥ en color pe·lee·koo·la en ko·lor comb peine ࿬ pay·ne comb peinar pay·nar come venir ve·neer come (arrive) llegar ye·gar comedy comedia ࿥ ko·me·dya comfortable cómodo/a ࿬�࿥ ko·mo·do/a communion comunión ࿥ ko·moo·nyon communist comunista ࿬ ࿥ ko·moo·nees·ta companion compañero/a ࿬�࿥ kom·pa·nye·ro/a company compañía ࿥ kom·pa·nyee·a compass brújula ࿥ broo·khoo·la complain quejarse ke·khar·se computer computadora ࿥ kom·poo·ta·do·ra computer game juego ࿬� de computadora khwe·go de kom·poo·ta·do·ra concert concierto ࿬ kon·syer·to conditioner acondicionador ࿬ a·kon·dee·syo·na·dor condoms condones ࿬�SO kon·do·nes confession confesión ࿥ kon·fe·syon confirm confirmar kon·feer·mar connection conexión ࿥ ko·nek·syon conservative conservador/conserva- dora ࿬�࿥ kon·ser·va·dor/ kon·ser·va·do·ra constipation estreñimiento ࿬ es·tre·nyee·myen·to consulate consulado ࿬ kon·soo·la·do contact lenses lentes ࿬�SO de con- tacto len·tes de kon·tak·to contraceptives anticonceptivos ࿬�SO an·tee·kon·sep·tee·vos contract contrato ࿬ kon·tra·to convenience store tienda ࿥ tyen·da convent convento ࿬ kon·ven·to cook cocinero ࿬ ko·see·ne·ro cook cocinar ko·see·nar cookie galleta ࿥ ga·ye·ta corn maíz ࿬ ma·ees corn flakes hojuelas ࿥�SO de maíz o·khwe·las de ma·ees corner esquina ࿥ es·kee·na corrupt corrupto/a ࿬�࿥ ko·roop·to/a cost costo ࿬ kos·to cost costar kos·tar cottage cheese queso ࿬ cottage ke·so ko·tash cotton algodón ࿬ al·go·don cotton balls bolas ࿥�SO de algodón bo·las de al·go·don cough tos ࿥ tos cough medicine jarabe ࿬ para la tos kha·ra·be pa·ra la tos count contar kon·tar counter (in shop) mostrador ࿬ mos·tra·dor C D IC T IO N A R Y 192 country país ࿬ pa·ees countryside campo ࿬ kam·po coupon cupón ࿬ koo·pon courgette calabacita ࿥ ka·la·ba·see·ta court (tennis) cancha ࿥�de tenis kan·cha de te·nees cous cous cus cus ࿬ koos koos cover charge cover ࿬ ko·ver cow vaca ࿥ va·ka crab cangrejo ࿬ kan·gre·kho crackers galletas ࿥�SO saladas ga·ye·tas sa·la·das craft artesanía ࿥�SO ar·te·sa·nee·a crash choque ࿬ cho·ke crazy loco/a ࿬�࿥ lo·ko/a cream crema ࿥ kre·ma cream cheese queso ࿬ crema ke·so kre·ma creche guardería ࿥ gwar·de·ree·a credit card tarjeta ࿥�de crédito tar·khe·ta de kre·dee·to cricket (sport) críquet ࿬ kree·ket crop cosecha ࿥ ko·se·cha crowded lleno/a ࿬�࿥ ye·no/a cucumber pepino ࿬ pe·pee·no cuddle abrazo ࿬ a·bra·so cuddle abrazar a·bra·sar cup taza ࿥ ta·sa cupboard alacena ࿥ a·la·se·na currency exchange cambio ࿬ (de moneda) kam·byo (de mo·ne·da) current (electricity) corriente ࿥ ko·ryen·te current affairs informativo ࿬ een·for·ma·tee·vo curry curry ࿬ koo·ree curry powder curry ࿬�en polvo koo·ree en pol·vo custard flan ࿬ flan customs aduana ࿥ a·dwa·na cut cortar kor·tar cutlery cubiertos ࿬�SO koo·byer·tos CV currículum ࿬ koo·ree·koo·loom cycle andar en bicicleta an·dar en bee·see·kle·ta cycling ciclismo ࿬ see·klees·mo cyclist ciclista ࿬ ࿥ see·klees·ta cystitis cistitis ࿥ sees·tee·tees D dad papá ࿬ pa·pa daily diariamente dya·rya·men·te dance bailar bai·lar dancing baile ࿬ bai·le dangerous peligroso/a ࿬�࿥ pe·lee·gro·so/a dark oscuro/a ࿬�࿥ os·koo·ro/a data projector cañon ࿬�proyector ka·nyon pro·yek·tor date (appointment) cita ࿥ see·ta date (day) fecha ࿥ fe·cha date (a person) salir con sa·leer kon date of birth fecha ࿥ de nacimiento fe·cha de na·see·myen·to daughter hija ࿥ ee·kha dawn amanecer ࿬ a·ma·ne·ser day día ࿬ dee·a day after tomorrow pasado mañana pa·sa·do ma·nya·na day before yesterday antier an·tyer dead muerto/a ࿬�࿥ mwer·to/a deaf sordo/a ࿬�࿥ sor·do/a deal (cards) repartir re·par·teer decide decidir de·see·deer deep profundo/a ࿬�࿥ pro·foon·do/a deforestation deforestación ࿥ de·fo·res·ta·syon degree título ࿬ tee·too·lo delay demora ࿥ de·mo·ra delirious delirante de·lee·ran·te deliver entregar en·tre·gar democracy democracia ࿥ de·mo·kra·sya demonstration (protest) mani- festación ࿥ ma·nee·fes·ta·syon dental floss hilo ࿬ dental ee·lo den·tal dentist dentista ࿬ den·tees·ta deny negar ne·gar deodorant desodorante ࿬ de·so·do·ran·te depart salir de sa·leer de department store tiendas ࿥�SO departamentales tyen·das de·par·ta·men·ta·les departure salida ࿥ sa·lee·da D e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 193 deposit (bank) depósito ࿬ de·po·see·to descendant descendiente ࿬ de·sen·dyen·te desert desierto ࿬ de·syer·to design diseño ࿬ dee·se·nyo destination destino ࿬ des·tee·no destroy destruir des·troo·eer detail detalle ࿬ de·ta·ye diabetes diabetes ࿥ dee·a·be·tes dial tone línea ࿥ lee·ne·a diaper pañal ࿬ pa·nyal diaphragm diafragma ࿬ dee·a·frag·ma diarrhoea diarrea ࿥ dee·a·re·a diary agenda ࿥ a·khen·da dice dados ࿬�SO da·dos dictionary diccionario ࿬ deek·syo·na·ryo die morir mo·reer diet dieta ࿥ dye·ta different diferente dee·fe·ren·te difficult difícil dee·fee·seel dining car vagón ࿬ restaurante va·gon res·tow·ran·te dinner cena ࿥ se·na direct directo/a ࿬�࿥ dee·rek·to/a direct-dial marcación ࿥�directa mar·ka·syon dee·rek·ta director director/directora ࿬�࿥ dee·rek·tor/dee·rek·to·ra dirty sucio/a ࿬�࿥ soo·syo/a disabled discapacitado/a ࿬�࿥ dees·ka·pa·see·ta·do/a disco discoteca ࿥ dees·ko·te·ka discount descuento ࿬ des·kwen·to discover descubrir des·koo·breer discrimination discriminación ࿥ dees·kree·mee·na·syon disease enfermedad ࿥ en·fer·me·dad disk disco ࿬ dees·ko disposable desechable de·se·cha·ble diving submarinismo ࿬ soob·ma·ree·nees·mo diving equipment equipo ࿬ para buceo e·kee·po pa·ra boo·se·o divorced divorciado/a ࿬�࿥� dee·vor·sya·do/a dizzy mareado/a ࿬�࿥ ma·re·a·do/a do hacer a·ser doctor doctor/doctora ࿬�࿥ dok·tor/dok·to·ra documentary documental ࿬ do·koo·men·tal dog perro/a ࿬�࿥ pe·ro/a dole paro ࿬ pa·ro doll muñeca ࿥ moo·nye·ka dollar dólar ࿬ do·lar domestic flight vuelo ࿬ nacional vwe·lo na·syo·nal donkey burro ࿬ boo·ro door puerta ࿥ pwer·ta dope droga ࿥ dro·ga double doble do·ble double bed cama ࿥ matrimonial ka·ma ma·tree·mo·nyal double room habitación ࿥ doble a·bee·ta·syon do·ble down hacia abajo a·sya a·ba·kho downhill cuesta abajo kwes·ta a·ba·kho dozen docena ࿥ do·se·na drama drama ࿬ dra·ma draw dibujar dee·boo·khar dream soñar so·nyar dress vestido ࿬ ves·tee·do dried fruit fruta ࿥ seca froo·ta se·ka drink bebida ࿥ be·bee·da drink tomar to·mar drive conducir kon·doo·seer drivers licence licencia ࿥ de manejo lee·sen·sya de ma·ne·kho drug (medicinal) medicina ࿥ me·dee·see·na drug addiction drogadicción ࿥ dro·ga·deek·syon drug dealer traficante ࿬ ࿥ de drogas tra·fee·kan·te de dro·gas drugs (illegal) drogas ࿥�SO dro·gas drums batería ࿥ ba·te·ree·a drumstick muslo ࿬ de pollo moos·lo de po·yo drunk borracho/a ࿬�࿥ bo·ra·cho/a dry seco/a ࿬�࿥ se·ko/a dry secar se·kar duck pato ࿬ pa·to dummy (pacifier) chupón ࿬ choo·pon during durante doo·ran·te DVD DVD de ve de D D IC T IO N A R Y 194 E each cada ka·da ear oreja ࿥ o·re·kha early temprano tem·pra·no earn ganar ga·nar earplugs tapones�࿬ SO para los oídos ta·po·nes pa·ra los o·ee·dos earrings aretes ࿬ SO a·re·tes Earth Tierra ࿥ tye·ra earthquake terremoto ࿬ te·re·mo·to east este es·te Easter Pascua ࿥ pas·kwa easy fácil fa·seel eat comer ko·mer economy class clase�࿥ turísta kla·se too·rees·ta eczema eczema ࿥ ek·se·ma editor editor/editora ࿬�࿥ e·dee·tor/e·dee·to·ra education educación ࿥ e·doo·ka·syon eggplant berenjena ࿥ be·ren·khe·na egg huevo ࿬ we·vo elections elecciones ࿥�SO e·lek·syo·nes electrical store ferretería ࿥ fe·re·te·ree·a electricity electricidad ࿥ e·lek·tree·see·dad elevator elevador ࿬ e·le·va·dor embarrassed apenado/a ࿬�࿥ a·pe·na·do/a embassy embajada ࿥ em·ba·kha·da emergency emergencia ࿥ e·mer·khen·sya emotional emocional e·mo·syo·nal employee empleado/a ࿬�࿥ em·ple·a·do/a employer jefe/jefa ࿬�࿥ khe·fe/khe·fa empty vacío/a ࿬�࿥ va·see·o/a end fin ࿬ feen end terminar ter·mee·nar endangered species especies ࿥�SO en peligro de extinción es·pe·syes en pe·lee·gro de ek·steen·syon engine motor ࿬ mo·tor engineer ingeniero/a ࿬�࿥ een·khe·nye·ro/a engineering ingeniería ࿥ een·khe·nye·ree·a England Inglaterra ࿥ een·gla·te·ra English (language) inglés ࿬ een·gles enjoy (oneself) divertirse dee·ver·teer·se enough suficiente soo·fee·syen·te enter entrar en·trar entertainment guide guía ࿥ del ocio gee·a del o·syo envelope sobre ࿬ so·bre environment medio ࿬ ambiente me·dyo am·byen·te epilepsy epilepsia ࿥ e·pee·lep·sya equal opportunity igualdad ࿥ de oportunidades ee·gwal·dad de o·por·too·nee·da·des equality igualdad ࿥ ee·gwal·dad equipment equipo ࿬ e·kee·po escalator escaleras ࿥�SO eléctricas es·ka·le·ras e·lek·tree·kas Euro euro ࿬ e·oo·ro Europe Europa�࿥ e·oo·ro·pa euthanasia eutanasia ࿥ e·oo·ta·na·sya evening noche ࿥ no·che everything todo to·do example ejemplo ࿬ e·khem·plo excellent excelente ek·se·len·te excess baggage exceso ࿬ de equi- page ek·se·so de e·kee·pa·khe exchange cambio ࿬ kam·byo exchange (money) cambiar kam·byar exchange rate tipo ࿬ de cambio tee·po de kam·byo excluded excluído/a ࿬�࿥� ek·skloo·ee·do/a exhaust agotar a·go·tar exhaust (car) escape ࿬ es·ka·pe exhibit exponer ek·spo·ner exhibition exposición ࿥ ek·spo·see·syon exit salida ࿥ sa·lee·da expensive caro/a ࿬�࿥ ka·ro/a experience experiencia ࿥ ek·spe·ryen·sya express expreso ࿬�ek·spre·so E e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 195 express mail correo ࿬ expresso ko·re·o ek·spre·so extension (visa) prórroga ࿥ pro·ro·ga eye ojo ࿬ o·kho eyebrows cejas ࿥�SO se·khas eye drops gotas�࿥�SO para los ojos go·tas pa·ra los o·khos F fabric tela ࿥ te·la face cara ࿥ ka·ra face cloth toallita ࿥�facial to·a·yee·ta fa·syal factory fábrica ࿥ fa·bree·ka factory worker obrero/a ࿬�࿥ o·bre·ro/a fall caída ࿥ ka·ee·da fall (season) otoño ࿬ o·to·nyo family familia ࿥ fa·mee·lya family name apellido ࿬ a·pe·yee·do famous famoso/a ࿬�࿥ fa·mo·so/a fan (supporter) aficionado ࿬� a·fee·syo·na·do fan (machine) ventilador ࿬ ven·tee·la·dor far lejos le·khos farewell despedida ࿥ des·pe·dee·da farm granja ࿥ gran·kha farmer granjero/a ࿬�࿥ gran·khe·ro/a fart pedo ࿬ pe·do fart echarse un pedo e·char·se oon pe·do fast rápido/a ࿬�࿥ ra·pee·do/a fat gordo/a ࿬�࿥ gor·do/a fat (grease) grasa ࿥ gra·sa father padre ࿬ pa·dre father-in-law suegro ࿬ swe·gro faucet llave ࿥ (del agua) ya·ve (del a·gwa) fault falta ࿥ fal·ta faulty defectuoso/a ࿬�࿥ de·fek·two·so/a feed alimentar a·lee·men·tar feel sentir sen·teer feelings sentimientos ࿬ SO sen·tee·myen·tos fence cerca ࿥ ser·ka fencing (sport) esgrima ࿥ es·gree·ma festival festival ࿬ fes·tee·val fever fiebre ࿥ fye·bre few pocos/as ࿬�࿥�SO po·kos/as fiance(e) prometido/a ࿬�࿥� pro·me·tee·do/a fiction ficción ࿥ feek·syon field campo ࿬ kam·po fig higo ࿬ ee·go fight pelea ࿥ pe·le·a fight luchar loo·char fill llenar ye·nar film película ࿥ pe·lee·koo·la film speed sensibilidad ࿥ sen·see·bee·lee·dad filtered con�࿥ filtro kon feel·tro find encontrar en·kon·trar fine multa ࿥ mool·ta finger dedo ࿬ de·do finish terminar ter·mee·nar fire (general) fuego ࿬ fwe·go fire (building) incendio ࿬ een·sen·dyo fireplace chimenea ࿥ chee·me·ne·a firewood leña ࿥ le·nya first primero/a ࿬�࿥ pree·me·ro/a first class primera clase ࿥� pree·me·ra kla·se first name nombre ࿬ de pila nom·bre de pee·la first-aid kit botiquín�࿬ bo·tee·keen fish pez ࿬ pes fish (as food) pescado ࿬ pes·ka·do fish shop pescadería ࿥ pes·ka·de·ree·a fishing pesca ࿥ pes·ka fizzy con gas kon gas flag bandera ࿥ ban·de·ra flannel franela ࿥ fra·ne·la flashlight linterna ࿥ leen·ter·na flat plano/a ࿬�࿥ pla·no/a flea pulga ࿥ pool·ga flippers aletas ࿥ SO a·le·tas flooding inundación ࿥ ee·noon·da·syon floor (ground) suelo ࿬ swe·lo floor (storey) piso ࿬ pee·so florist florista ࿬ ࿥ flo·rees·ta flour harina ࿥ a·ree·na F D IC T IO N A R Y 196 flower flor ࿥ flor flower seller vendedor/vendedora�de�flores ࿬�࿥� ven·de·dor/ven·de·do·ra de flo·res flu gripe�࿥ gree·pe fly volar vo·lar foggy neblinoso/a ࿬�࿥�ne·blee·no·so/a folk folklórico/a ࿬�࿥ fol·klo·ree·ko/a follow seguir se·geer food comida ࿥ ko·mee·da food supplies víveres ࿬ SO vee·ve·res fool imbécil ࿬ ࿥ eem·be·seel foot pie ࿬ pye football (soccer) fútbol ࿬ foot·bol footpath banqueta ࿥ ban·ke·ta for para pa·ra foreign extranjero/a ࿬�࿥ ek·stran·khe·ro/a foreign exchange office casa�࿥ de cambio ka·sa de kam·byo forest bosque ࿬ bos·ke forever para siempre pa·ra syem·pre forget olvidar ol·vee·dar forgive perdonar per·do·nar fork tenedor ࿬ te·ne·dor fortnight quincena ࿥ keen·se·na foul asqueroso/a ࿬�࿥ as·ke·ro·so/a foyer vestíbulo ࿬ ves·tee·boo·lo fragile frágil fra·kheel France Francia ࿥ fran·sya free (not bound) libre lee·bre free (of charge) gratis gra·tees freeze congelar kon·khe·lar friend amigo/a ࿬�࿥ a·mee·go/a frost escarcha ࿥ es·kar·cha frozen foods productos�࿬ SO congelados pro·dook·tos kon·khe·la·dos fruit fruta ࿥ froo·ta fruit picking recolección ࿥ de fruta re·ko·lek·syon de froo·ta fry freír fre·eer frying pan sartén ࿬ sar·ten fuck coger ko·kher fuel combustible ࿬ kom·boos·tee·ble full lleno/a ࿬�࿥ ye·no/a full-time tiempo ࿬ completo tyem·po kom·ple·to fun diversión ࿥ dee·ver·syon funeral funeral ࿬ foo·ne·ral funny divertido/a ࿬�࿥ dee·ver·tee·do/a furniture muebles ࿬ SO mwe·bles future futuro ࿬ foo·too·ro G garlic ajo ࿬ a·kho gas (for cooking) gas ࿬ gas gas (petrol) gasolina ࿥ ga·so·lee·na gay gay gay gelatin gelatina ࿥ khe·la·tee·na general general khe·ne·ral Germany Alemania ࿥ a·le·ma·nya gift regalo ࿬ re·ga·lo gin ginebra�࿥ khee·ne·bra ginger jengibre�࿬ khen·khee·bre girl chica ࿥ chee·ka girl (child) niña ࿥ nee·nya girlfriend novia ࿥ no·vya give dar dar give (a gift) regalar re·ga·lar glandular fever enfermedad ࿥ del beso en·fer·me·dad del be·so glass (drinking) vaso ࿬ va·so glass (material) vidrio ࿬ vee·dryo glass (of wine) copa ࿥ (de vino) ko·pa de vee·no glasses lentes ࿬�SO len·tes gloves guantes ࿬ SO gwan·tes go ir eer go out with salir con sa·leer kon go shopping ir de compras eer de kom·pras goal gol ࿬ gol goalkeeper portero/a ࿬�࿥ por·te·ro/a goat cabra ࿥ ka·bra god dios ࿬�dyos goddess diosa ࿥�dyo·sa goggles goggles ࿬ SO go·gles golf golf ࿬ golf G e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 197 golf ball pelota ࿥ de golf pe·lo·ta de golf golf course campo ࿬ de golf kam·po de golf good bueno/a ࿬�࿥ bwe·no/a goodbye adiós a·dyos gorgeous guapo/a ࿬�࿥ gwa·po/a government gobierno ࿬ go·byer·no gram gramo ࿬ gra·mo grandchild nieto/a ࿬�࿥ nye·to/a grandfather abuelo ࿬ a·bwe·lo grandmother abuela ࿥ a·bwe·la grapefruit toronja ࿥ to·ron·kha grapes uvas ࿥ SO oo·vas grass pasto ࿬ pas·to grasshoppers chapulines ࿬ SO cha·poo·lee·nes grave tumba ࿥ toom·ba gray gris grees grease grasa ࿥�gra·sa great padrísimo/a ࿬�࿥ pa·dree·see·mo/a green verde ver·de greengrocery verdulería ࿥ ver·doo·le·ree·a grey gris grees grocery tienda ࿥ de abarrotes tyen·da de a·ba·ro·tes groundnut cacahuate ࿬ ka·ka·wa·te grow crecer kre·ser g-string tanga ࿥ tan·ga guess adivinar a·dee·vee·nar guide (audio) audioguía ࿥ ow·dyo·gee·a guide (person) guía ࿬ ࿥ gee·a guide dog perro ࿬ guía pe·ro gee·a guidebook guía ࿥ turística gee·a too·rees·tee·ka guided tour recorrido ࿬ guiado re·ko·ree·do gee·a·do guilty culpable kool·pa·ble guitar guitarra ࿥ gee·ta·ra gum goma ࿥ go·ma gymnastics gimnasia ࿥ kheem·na·sya gynaecologist ginecólogo/a ࿬�࿥ khee·ne·ko·lo·go/a H hair pelo࿬ pe·lo hairbrush cepillo ࿬ se·pee·yo haircut corte ࿬�de pelo kor·te de pe·lo hairdresser peluquero/a ࿬�࿥ pe·loo·ke·ro/a halal halal kha·lal half medio/a ࿬�࿥ me·dyo/a half a litre medio litro ࿬ me·dyo lee·tro hallucinate alucinar a·loo·see·nar ham jamón ࿬ kha·mon hammer martillo ࿬ mar·tee·yo hammock hamaca ࿥ a·ma·ka hand mano ࿥ ma·no handbag bolsa ࿥�bol·sa handicrafts artesanías ࿥�SO ar·te·sa·nee·as handkerchief pañuelo ࿬ pa·nywe·lo handlebar manubrio ࿬ ma·noo·bryo handmade hecho/a ࿬�࿥�a mano e·cho/a a ma·no handsome guapo/a ࿬�࿥ gwa·po/a happy feliz fe·lees harassment acoso ࿬ a·ko·so harbour puerto ࿬ pwer·to hard duro/a ࿬�࿥ doo·ro/a hardware store tlapalería ࿥ tla·pa·le·ree·a hash hachís ࿬ kha·shees hat sombrero ࿬ som·bre·ro have tener te·ner have a cold tener gripa te·ner gree·pa have fun divertirse dee·ver·teer·se hay fever alergia ࿥�al polen a·ler·khya al po·len he él el head cabeza ࿥ ka·be·sa headache dolor ࿬ de cabeza do·lor de ka·be·sa headlights faros ࿬ SO fa·ros health salud ࿥ sa·lood hear oír o·eer H D IC T IO N A R Y 198 hearing aid audífono ࿬ ow·dee·fo·no heart corazón ࿬ ko·ra·son heart condition cardiopatía ࿥ kar·dyo·pa·tee·a heat calor ࿬ ka·lor heater calentador ࿬ ka·len·ta·dor heating calefacción ࿥ ka·le·fak·syon heavy pesado/a ࿬�࿥ pe·sa·do/a helmet casco ࿬ kas·ko help ayudar a·yoo·dar hepatitis hepatitis ࿥ e·pa·tee·tees her su soo herbalist yerbero/a ࿬�࿥ yer·be·ro/a herbs hierbas ࿥ SO yer·bas here aquí a·kee heroin heroína ࿥ e·ro·ee·na herring arenque ࿬ a·ren·ke high alto/a ࿬�࿥ al·to/a high school la preparatoria ࿥ la pre·pa·ra·to·rya hike ir de excursión eer de ek·skoor·syon hiking excursionismo ࿬ ek·skoor·syo·nees·mo hiking boots botas ࿥ SO de montaña bo·tas de mon·ta·nya hiking routes caminos ࿬ SO rurales ka·mee·nos roo·ra·les hill colina ࿥ ko·lee·na Hindu hindú ࿬ ࿥�een·doo hire rentar ren·tar his su soo historical histórico/a ࿬�࿥ ees·to·ree·ko/a hitchhike pedir aventón pe·deer a·ven·ton HIV positive seropositivo/a ࿬�࿥ se·ro·po·see·tee·vo/a hockey hockey ࿬ kho·kee holiday día�࿬ festivo dee·a fes·tee·vo holidays vacaciones ࿥ SO va·ka·syo·nes Holy Week Semana ࿥ Santa se·ma·na san·ta home casa ࿥ ka·sa homeless sin hogar seen o·gar homemaker ama ࿥�de casa a·ma de ka·sa homosexual homosexual ࿬ ࿥ o·mo·sek·swal honey miel ࿥ myel honeymoon luna ࿥ de miel loo·na de myel horoscope horóscopo ࿬ o·ros·ko·po horse caballo ࿬ ka·ba·yo horse riding equitación ࿥ e·kee·ta·syon hospital hospital ࿬ os·pee·tal hospitality hotelería ࿥ o·te·le·ree·a hot caliente ka·lyen·te hot water agua ࿬ caliente a·gwa ka·lyen·te hotel hotel ࿬ o·tel house casa ࿥ ka·sa housework trabajo ࿬ de casa tra·ba·kho de ka·sa how cómo ko·mo how much cuánto kwan·to hug abrazo ࿬ a·bra·so huge enorme e·nor·me human rights derechos ࿬ SO humanos de·re·chos oo·ma·nos humanities humanidades ࿥ SO oo·ma·nee·da·des (be) hungry tener hambre te·ner am·bre hunting caza ࿥ ka·sa (be in a) hurry tener prisa te·ner pree·sa hurt lastimar las·tee·mar husband esposo ࿬ es·po·so I I yo yo ice hielo ࿬ ye·lo ice axe piolet ࿬ pyo·let ice cream helado ࿬ e·la·do ice-cream parlour heladería�࿥ e·la·de·ree·a ice hockey hockey ࿬�sobre hielo kho·kee so·bre ye·lo identification identificación�࿥ ee·den·tee·fee·ka·syon idiot idiota ࿬ ࿥ ee·dyo·ta I e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 199 if si see ill enfermo/a ࿬�࿥ en·fer·mo/a immigration inmigración�࿥ een·mee·gra·syon important importante eem·por·tan·te in a hurry de prisa pree·sa in front of enfrente de en·fren·te de included incluído/a ࿬�࿥ een·kloo·ee·do/a income tax impuesto�࿬�sobre la renta eem·pwes·to so·bre la ren·ta India India ࿥ een·dya indicator indicador ࿬ een·dee·ka·dor indigestion indigestión ࿥ een·dee·khes·tyon industry industria ࿥ een·doos·trya infection infección�࿥ een·fek·syon inflammation inflamación�࿥ een·fla·ma·syon influenza gripe�࿥ gree·pe ingredient ingrediente�࿬ een·gre·dyen·te inject inyectar een·yek·tar injection inyección�࿥ een·yek·syon injury herida�࿥ e·ree·da innocent inocente ee·no·sen·te inside adentro a·den·tro instructor instructor/instructora ࿬�࿥ een·strook·tor/eens·trook·to·ra insurance seguro�࿬ se·goo·ro interesting interesante een·te·re·san·te intermission descanso�࿬ des·kan·so international internacional een·ter·na·syo·nal Internet Internet�࿥ een·ter·net Internet cafe café Internet�࿬ ka·fe een·ter·net interpreter intérprete�࿬ ࿥ een·ter·pre·te intersection intersección�࿥ een·ter·sek·syon interview entrevista�࿥ en·tre·vees·ta invite invitar een·vee·tar Ireland Irlanda�࿥ eer·lan·da iron (for clothes) plancha�࿥ plan·cha island isla�࿥ ees·la IT informática�࿥ een·for·ma·tee·ka itch comezón�࿬ ko·me·son itemised detallado/a ࿬�࿥ de·ta·ya·do/a itinerary itinerario�࿬ ee·tee·ne·ra·ryo IUD DIU�࿬ dee·oo J jacket chamarra�࿥ cha·ma·ra jail cárcel�࿥ kar·sel jam mermelada�࿥ mer·me·la·da Japan Japón�࿬ kha·pon jar jarra�࿥ kha·ra jaw mandíbula�࿥ man·dee·boo·la jealous celoso/a ࿬�࿥ se·lo·so/a jeans jeans ࿬�SO�yeens jeep jeep ࿬ yeep Jehova’s witness testigo ࿬�de Jehová tes·tee·go de khe·o·va jet lag jet lag ࿬ yet lag jewellery joyería�࿥ kho·ye·ree·a Jewish judío/a ࿬�࿥ khoo·dee·o/a job trabajo�࿬ tra·ba·kho jockey jockey�࿬ yo·kee jogging correr ko·rer joke broma�࿥ bro·ma joke bromear bro·me·ar journalist periodista ࿬ ࿥ pe·ryo·dees·ta judge juez ࿬ ࿥ khwes juice jugo�࿬ khoo·go jump saltar sal·tar jumper (sweater) sweater�࿬ swe·ter jumper leads cables�࿬�SO pasacorrientes ka·bles pa·sa·ko·ryen·tes K ketchup cátsup ࿬ kat·soop key llave�࿥ ya·ve keyboard teclado�࿬ te·kla·do kick patear pa·te·ar kick (a goal) meter (un gol) me·ter (oon gol) kill matar ma·tar kilogram kilo�࿬ kee·lo J D IC T IO N A R Y 200 kilometre kilómetro�࿬ kee·lo·me·tro kind amable a·ma·ble kindergarten jardín�࿬�de niños khar·deen de nee·nyos king rey�࿬ ray kiss beso�࿬ be·so kiss besar be·sar kitchen cocina�࿥ ko·see·na kitten gatito/a ࿬�࿥ ga·tee·to/a kiwifruit kiwi�࿬ kee·wee knapsack mochila�࿥ mo·chee·la knee rodilla�࿥ ro·dee·ya knife cuchillo�࿬ koo·chee·yo know (someone) conocer ko·no·ser know (something) saber sa·ber kosher kosher ko·sher L labourer obrero/a ࿬�࿥ o·bre·ro/a lace encaje�࿬ en·ka·khe lager cerveza�࿥�clara ser·ve·sa kla·ra lake lago�࿬ la·go lamb borrego�࿬ bo·re·go land tierra�࿥ tye·ra landlady propietaria�࿥ pro·pye·ta·rya landlord propietario�࿬ pro·pye·ta·ryo languages idiomas�࿬�SO ee·dyo·mas laptop computadora�࿥�portátil kom·poo·ta·do·ra por·ta·teel lard manteca�࿥ man·te·ka large grande gran·de laser pointer señalador ࿬�láser se·nya·la·dor la·ser late tarde tar·de laugh reír re·eer laundrette lavandería�࿥ la·van·de·ree·a laundry lavandería�࿥ la·van·de·ree·a law ley�࿥ lay law (field of study) derecho�࿬� de·re·cho lawyer abogado/a ࿬�࿥ a·bo·ga·do/a leader líder�࿬ ࿥ lee·der leaf hoja�࿥ o·kha learn aprender a·pren·der leather cuero�࿬ kwe·ro lecturer profesor/profesora ࿬�࿥ pro·fe·sor/pro·fe·so·ra ledge saliente�࿬ sa·lyen·te leek poro�࿬ po·ro left izquierda�࿥ ees·kyer·da left luggage consigna�࿥ kon·seeg·na left-wing de izquierda de ees·kyer·da leg pierna�࿥ pyer·na legal legal le·gal legislation legislación�࿥ le·khees·la·syon lemon limón�࿬ lee·mon lemonade limonada�࿥ lee·mo·na·da lens objetivo�࿬ ob·khe·tee·vo Lent Cuaresma�࿥ kwa·res·ma lentils lentejas�࿥�SO len·te·khas lesbian lesbiana�࿥ les·bee·a·na less menos me·nos letter carta�࿥ kar·ta lettuce lechuga�࿥ le·choo·ga liar mentiroso/a ࿬�࿥ men·tee·ro·so/a library biblioteca�࿥ bee·blyo·te·ka lice piojos�࿬�SO pyo·khos license plate number número�࿬�de placa noo·me·ro de pla·ka lie (not stand) recostarse re·kos·tar·se life vida�࿥ vee·da life jacket chaleco ࿬ salvavidas� cha·le·ko sal·va·vee·das lift elevador�࿬ e·le·va·dor light (of weight) ligero/a ࿬�࿥� lee·khe·ro/a light luz�࿥ loos light bulb foco�࿬ fo·ko light meter fotómetro�࿬ fo·to·me·tro lighter encendedor�࿬ en·sen·de·dor lights luces�࿥�SO loo·ses like gustar goos·tar lime lima�࿥ lee·ma line línea�࿥ lee·ne·a lip balm bálsamo�࿬�para labios bal·sa·mo pa·ra la·byos lips labios�࿬�SO�la·byos lipstick lápiz�࿬�labial la·pees la·byal liquor store vinatería�࿥ vee·na·te·ree·a listen escuchar es·koo·char L e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 201 live vivir vee·veer liver hígado�࿬ ee·ga·do lizard lagartija�࿥ la·gar·tee·kha local local lo·kal lock cerradura�࿥ se·ra·doo·ra lock cerrar se·rar locked cerrado/a con llave ࿬�࿥� se·ra·do/a kon ya·ve lollies dulces�࿬�SO dool·ses long largo/a ࿬�࿥ lar·go/a long-distance larga distancia ࿥� lar·ga dees·tan·sya look mirar mee·rar look after cuidar kwee·dar look for buscar boos·kar lookout mirador�࿬ mee·ra·dor loose suelto/a�࿬�࿥ swel·to/a loose change cambio�࿬�en monedas kam·byo en mo·ne·das lose perder per·der lost perdido/a ࿬�࿥ per·dee·do/a lost property office oficina�࿥�de objetos perdidos o·fee·see·na de ob·khe·tos per·dee·dos loud ruidoso/a ࿬�࿥ rwee·do·so/a love amar a·mar lover amante�࿬ ࿥ a·man·te low bajo/a ࿬�࿥ ba·kho/a lubricant lubricante�࿬ loo·bree·kan·te luck suerte�࿥ swer·te lucky afortunado/a ࿬�࿥ a·for·too·na·do/a luggage equipaje�࿬ e·kee·pa·khe luggage lockers casilleros�࿬�SO� ka·see·ye·ros luggage tag etiqueta�࿥�para equipaje e·tee·ke·ta pa·ra e·kee·pa·khe lump bulto�࿬ bool·to lunch almuerzo�࿬ al·mwer·so lungs pulmones�࿬�SO pool·mo·nes luxury lujo�࿬ loo·kho M machine máquina�࿥ ma·kee·na made of (cotton) hecho/a ࿬�࿥�de (algodón)�e·cho/a de (al·go·don) magazine revista�࿥ re·vees·ta magician mago/a ࿬�࿥ ma·go/a mail correo�࿬ ko·re·o mailbox buzón�࿬ boo·son main principal preen·see·pal make hacer a·ser make fun of burlarse de boor·lar·se de make-up maquillaje�࿬ ma·kee·ya·khe mammogram mamograma�࿬ ma·mo·gra·ma man hombre�࿬ om·bre manager director/directora ࿬�࿥ dee·rek·tor/deerek·to·ra mandarin mandarina�࿥ man·da·ree·na mango mango�࿬ man·go manual worker obrero/a ࿬�࿥ o·bre·ro/a many muchos/as ࿬�࿥�SO moo·chos/as map mapa�࿬ ma·pa margarine margarina�࿥ mar·ga·ree·na marijuana marihuana�࿥ ma·ree·wa·na marital status estado�࿬�civil es·ta·do see·veel market mercado�࿬ mer·ka·do marmalade mermelada�࿥ mer·me·la·da marriage matrimonio�࿬ ma·tree·mo·nyo married casado/a ࿬�࿥ ka·sa·do/a marry casarse ka·sar·se martial arts artes�࿬�SO marciales ar·tes mar·sya·les mass misa�࿥ mee·sa massage masaje�࿬ ma·sa·khe masseur/masseuse masajista�࿬ ࿥ ma·sa·khees·ta mat petate�࿬ pe·ta·te match (game) partido�࿬ par·tee·do matches cerillos ࿬�SO se·ree·yos mattress colchón�࿬ kol·chon maybe tal vez tal ves mayonnaise mayonesa�࿥ ma·yo·ne·sa mayor alcalde�࿬ ࿥ al·kal·de M D IC T IO N A R Y 202 measles sarampión�࿬ sa·ram·pyon meat carne�࿥ kar·ne mechanic mecánico/a�࿬�࿥ me·ka·nee·ko/a media medios�࿬�SO de comunicación me·dyos de ko·moo·nee·ka·syon medicine medicina�࿥ me·dee·see·na meet encontrar en·kon·trar melon melón�࿬ me·lon member miembro�࿬ myem·bro menstruation menstruación�࿥ men·strwa·syon menu menú�࿬ me·noo message mensaje�࿬ men·sa·khe metal metal�࿬ me·tal metre metro�࿬ me·tro metro station estación�࿥�del metro es·ta·syon del me·tro microwave horno�࿬�de microondas or·no de mee·kro·on·das midnight medianoche�࿥ me·dya·no·che migraine migraña�࿥ mee·gra·nya military militar�mee·lee·tar military service servicio�࿬�militar ser·vee·syo mee·lee·tar milk leche�࿥ le·che millimetre milímetro�࿬ mee·lee·me·tro million millón�࿬ mee·yon mince meat carne�࿥�molida kar·ne mo·lee·da mind cuidar kwee·dar mineral water agua�࿬�mineral a·gwa mee·ne·ral mints pastillas�࿥�SO de menta pas·tee·yas de men·ta minute minuto�࿬ mee·noo·to mirror espejo�࿬ es·pe·kho miscarriage aborto�࿬�natural a·bor·to na·too·ral miss (feel absence of) extrañar ek·stra·nyar mistake error�࿬ e·ror mix mezclar mes·klar mobile phone teléfono�࿬�celular te·le·fo·no se·loo·lar modem módem�࿬ mo·dem moisturiser crema�࿥�hidratante kre·ma ee·dra·tan·te monastery monasterio�࿬ mo·nas·te·ryo money dinero�࿬ dee·ne·ro month mes�࿬ mes monument monumento�࿬ mo·noo·men·to moon luna ࿥ loo·na morning mañana�࿥ ma·nya·na morning sickness náuseas�࿥�SO del embarazo now·se·as del em·ba·ra·so mosque mezquita�࿥ mes·kee·ta mosquito mosquito�࿬ mos·kee·to mosquito coil repelente�࿬�contra mosquitos re·pe·len·te kon·tra mos·kee·tos mosquito net mosquitero�࿬ mos·kee·te·ro mother madre�࿥ ma·dre mother-in-law suegra�࿥ swe·gra motorboat lancha�࿥�de motor lan·cha de mo·tor motorcycle motocicleta�࿥ mo·to·see·kle·ta motorway carretera�࿥ ka·re·te·ra mountain montaña�࿥ mon·ta·nya mountain bike bicicleta�࿥�de mon- taña bee·see·kle·ta de mon·ta·nya mountain path brecha�࿥ bre·cha mountain range cordillera�࿥ kor·dee·ye·ra mountaineering alpinismo�࿬ al·pee·nees·mo mouse ratón�࿬ ra·ton mouse (computer) mouse�࿬ mows mouth boca�࿥ bo·ka movie película�࿥ pe·lee·koo·la MP3 player reproductor�࿬�de MP3 re·pro·dook·tor de e·me pe tres mud lodo�࿬ lo·do muesli granola�࿥ gra·no·la mum mamá�࿥ ma·ma muscle músculo�࿬ moos·koo·lo museum museo�࿬ moo·se·o mushroom champiñón�࿬ cham·pee·nyon M e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 203 music música�࿥ moo·see·ka musician músico/a ࿬�࿥ moo·see·ko/a Muslim musulmán/musulmana ࿬�࿥ moo·sool·man/moo·sool·ma·na mussels mejillones�࿬�SO me·khee·yo·nes mustard mostaza�࿥ mos·ta·sa mute mudo/a ࿬�࿥ moo·do/a my mi mee N nail clippers cortauñas�࿬ kor·ta·oo·nyas name nombre�࿬ nom·bre napkin servilleta�࿥ ser·vee·ye·ta nappy pañal�࿬ pa·nyal nappy rash rosadura�࿥ ro·sa·doo·ra national park parque�࿬�nacional par·ke na·syo·nal nationality nacionalidad�࿥ na·syo·na·lee·dad nature naturaleza�࿥ na·too·ra·le·sa naturopathy naturopatía�࿥ na·too·ro·pa·tee·a nausea náusea�࿥ now·se·a near cerca ser·ka nearby cerca ser·ka nearest más cercano/a ࿬�࿥ mas ser·ka·no/a necessary necesario/a ࿬�࿥ ne·se·sa·ryo/a neck cuello ࿬ kwe·yo necklace collar�࿬ ko·yar need necesitar ne·se·see·tar needle (sewing) aguja�࿥ a·goo·kha needle (syringe) jeringa�࿥ khe·reen·ga negatives negativos ࿬�SO ne·ga·tee·vos neither tampoco tam·po·ko net red�࿥ red network red�࿥ red Netherlands Holanda�࿥ o·lan·da never nunca noon·ka new nuevo/a ࿬�࿥ nwe·vo/a New Year Año Nuevo ࿬ a·nyo nwe·vo New Year’s Day día ࿬�de Año�Nuevo dee·a de a·nyo nwe·vo New Year’s Eve fin�࿬�de año feen de a·nyo New Zealand Nueva ࿥ Zelandia� nwe·va se·lan·dya news noticias�࿥�SO no·tee·syas news stand puesto�࿬�de periódicos pwe s·to de pe·ryo·dee·kos newsagency agencia�࿥�de noticias a·khen·sya de no·tee·syas newspaper periódico�࿬ pe·ryo·dee·ko next próximo/a�࿬�࿥ prok·see·mo/a next (month) (el mes) que viene (el mes) ke vye·ne next to al lado de al la·do de nice simpático/a ࿬�࿥ seem·pa·tee·ko/a nickname apodo�࿬ a·po·do night noche�࿥ no·che no no no noisy ruidoso/a ࿬�࿥ rwee·do·so/a none nada na·da non-smoking no�fumar no foo·mar noodles fideos�࿬�SO fee·de·os noon mediodía�࿬ me·dyo·dee·a north norte�࿬ nor·te nose nariz�࿥ na·rees notebook cuaderno�࿬ kwa·der·no nothing nada na·da now ahora a·o·ra nuclear energy energía�࿥�nuclear e·ner·khee·a noo·kle·ar nuclear testing pruebas�࿥�SO nucleares prwe·bas noo·kle·a·res nuclear waste desperdicios�࿬�SO nucleares des·per·dee·syos noo·kle·a·res number número�࿬ noo·me·ro nun monja�࿥ mon·kha nurse enfermero/a ࿬�࿥ en·fer·me·ro/a nuts nueces�࿥�SO nwe·ses O oats avena�࿥ a·ve·na ocean océano�࿬ o·se·a·no N D IC T IO N A R Y 204 off (spoiled) hechado/a ࿬�࿥ a perder e·cha·do/a a per·der office oficina�࿥ o·fee·see·na office worker empleado/a�࿬�࿥ em·ple·a·do/a offside fuera de lugar fwe·ra de loo·gar often seguido se·gee·do oil aceite�࿬ a·say·te old viejo/a ࿬�࿥ vye·kho/a olive oil aceite de oliva a·say·te de o·lee·va Olympic Games juegos�࿬�SO olímpicos khwe·gos o·leem·pee·kos on en en once una vez oona ves one-way ticket boleto�࿬�sencillo bo·le·to sen·see·yo onion cebolla ࿥�se·bo·ya only sólo so·lo open abierto/a ࿬�࿥ a·byer·to/a open abrir a·breer opening hours horario�࿬�de servicio o·ra·ryo de ser·vee·syo opera ópera�࿥ o·pe·ra operation operación�࿥ o·pe·ra·syon operator operador/operadora ࿬�࿥ o·pe·ra·dor/o·pe·ra·do·ra opinion opinión ࿥ o·pee·nyon opposite frente a fren·te a or o o orange naranja�࿥ na·ran·kha orange (colour) naranja na·ran·kha orange juice jugo�࿬�de naranja khoo·go de na·ran·kha orchestra orquesta�࿥ or·kes·ta order (command) orden�࿥ or·den order (placement) orden�࿬ or·den order ordenar or·de·nar ordinary corriente ko·ryen·te orgasm orgasmo�࿬ or·gas·mo original original o·ree·khee·nal other otro/a ࿬�࿥ o·tro/a our nuestro/a ࿬�࿥ nwes·tro/a outside exterior�࿬ ek·ste·ryor ovarian cyst quiste�࿬�ovárico kees·te o·va·ree·ko oven horno�࿬ or·no overcoat abrigo�࿬ a·bree·go overdose sobredosis�࿥ so·bre·do·sees overhead projector proyector�࿬�de acetatos pro·yek·tor de a·se·ta·tos owe deber de·ber owner dueño/a ࿬�࿥ dwe·nyo/a oxygen oxígeno�࿬ ok·see·khe·no oyster ostión�࿬ os·tyon ozone layer capa�࿥�de ozono ka·pa de o·so·no P pacemaker marcapasos�࿬ mar·ka·pa·sos pacifier chupón�࿬ choo·pon package paquete�࿬ pa·ke·te packet paquete�࿬ pa·ke·te padlock candado�࿬ kan·da·do page página�࿥ pa·khee·na pain dolor�࿬ do·lor painful doloroso/a ࿬�࿥ do·lo·ro·so/a painkillers analgésicos�࿬�SO a·nal·khe·see·kos paint pintar peen·tar painter pintor/pintora ࿬�࿥ peen·tor/peen·to·ra painting pintura�࿥�peen·too·ra pair (couple) pareja�࿥ pa·re·kha palace palacio�࿬ pa·la·syo palm pilot palm�࿬ palm pan sartén�࿬�sar·ten pants pantalones�࿬�SO pan·ta·lo·nes panty liners pantiprotectores ࿬�SO pan·tee·pro·tek·to·res pantyhose pantimedias�࿥�SO pan·tee·me·dyas pap smear papanicolaou�࿬ pa·pa·nee·ko·low paper papel�࿬ pa·pel paperwork trámites�࿬ tra·mee·tes paraplegic parapléjico/a ࿬�࿥ pa·ra·ple·khee·ko/a parcel paquete�࿬ pa·ke·te parents padres�࿬ SO pa·dres park parque�࿬ par·ke park (car) estacionar es·ta·syo·nar P e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 205 parliament parlamento�࿬ par·la·men·to parsley perejil�࿬ pe·re·kheel part parte�࿥ par·te partner (intimate) pareja ࿥ pa·re·kha part-time medio tiempo me·dyo tyem·po party fiesta�࿥ fyes·ta party (political) partido�࿬ par·tee·do pass pase�࿬ pa·se passenger pasajero/a�࿬�࿥ pa·sa·khe·ro/a passport pasaporte�࿬ pa·sa·por·te passport number número�࿬�de pasaporte noo·me·ro de pa·sa·por·te past pasado�࿬ pa·sa·do pasta pasta�࿥ pas·ta pate (food) paté�࿬ pa·te path sendero�࿬ sen·de·ro pay pagar pa·gar payment pago�࿬ pa·go peace paz�࿥ pas peach durazno�࿬ doo·ras·no peak cumbre�࿥ koom·bre peanuts cacahuates�࿬ ka·ka·wa·tes pear pera�࿥ pe·ra peas chícharos�࿬�SO chee·cha·ros pedal pedal�࿬ pe·dal pedestrian peatón ࿬�pe·a·ton pedestrian crossing cruce ࿬�peatonal kroo·se pe·a·to·nal pen pluma�࿥ ploo·ma pencil lápiz�࿬ la·pees penis pene�࿬ pe·ne penknife navaja�࿥ na·va·kha pensioner jubilado/a ࿬�࿥ khoo·bee·la·do/a people gente�࿥ khen·te pepper (bell) pimiento�࿬ pee·myen·to pepper (spice) pimienta�࿥ pee·myen·ta per (day) por (día) por (dee·a) percent por ciento por syen·to performance desempeño�࿬ des·em·pe·nyo perfume perfume�࿬ per·foo·me period pain cólico�࿬�menstrual ko·lee·ko men·strwal permission permiso�࿬ per·mee·so permit permiso�࿬ per·mee·so permit permitir per·mee·teer person persona�࿥ per·so·na perspire sudar soo·dar petition petición�࿥ pe·tee·syon petrol gasolina�࿥ ga·so·lee·na pharmacy farmacia�࿥ far·ma·sya phone book directorio�࿬�telefónico dee·rek·to·ryo te·le·fo·nee·ko phone box teléfono�࿬�público te·le·fo·no poo·blee·ko phone card tarjeta�࿥�de teléfono tar·khe·ta de te·le·fo·no photo fotografía�࿥ fo·to·gra·fee·a photocopier fotocopiadora�࿥ fo·to·ko·pya·do·ra photographer fotógrafo/a ࿬�࿥ fo·to·gra·fo/a photography fotografía�࿥ fo·to·gra·fee·a phrasebook libro�࿬�de�frases lee·bro de fra·ses pick-up (truck) pickup pee·kop pick up (lift) levantar le·van·tar pick up (seduce) ligar lee·gar pickaxe pico�࿬ pee·ko picnic día�࿬�de campo dee·a de kam·po pie pay�࿬ pay piece pedazo�࿬ pe·da·so pig cerdo�࿬ ser·do pill pastilla�࿥ pas·tee·ya the Pill la píldora ࿥ la peel·do·ra pillow almohada�࿥ al·mwa·da pillowcase funda�࿥�de almohada foon·da de al·mwa·da pineapple piña�࿥ pee·nya pink rosa ro·sa pistachio pistache�࿬ pees·ta·che place lugar�࿬ loo·gar place of birth lugar�࿬�de nacimiento loo·gar de na·see·myen·to plane avión�࿬ a·vyon planet planeta�࿬ pla·ne·ta plant planta�࿥ plan·ta P D IC T IO N A R Y 206 plant sembrar sem·brar plastic plástico�࿬ plas·tee·ko plate plato�࿬ pla·to plateau meseta�࿥ me·se·ta platform plataforma�࿥ pla·ta·for·ma play obra�࿥ o·bra play (an instrument) tocar to·kar play (game/sport) jugar khoo·gar plug (bath) tapón ࿬ ta·pon plug (electrical) chavija ࿥ cha·vee·kha plum ciruela�࿥ seer·we·la pocket bolsillo�࿬ bol·see·yo poetry poesía�࿥ po·e·see·a point apuntar a·poon·tar point (tip) punto�࿬ poon·to poisonous venenoso/a ࿬�࿥ ve·ne·no·so/a poker póquer�࿬ po·ker police policía�࿥ po·lee·see·a police officer oficial ࿬�de policía o·fee·syal de po·lee·see·a police station estación�࿥�de policía es·ta·syon de po·lee·see·a policy política�࿥ po·lee·tee·ka policy (insurance) póliza�࿥ po·lee·sa politician político�࿬ po·lee·tee·ko politics política�࿥ po·lee·tee·ka pollen polen�࿬ po·len polls encuestas�࿥�SO en·kwes·tas pollution contaminación�࿥ kon·ta·mee·na·syon pony pony�࿬ po·nee pool (game) billar ࿬ bee·yar pool (swimming) alberca ࿥ al·ber·ka poor pobre po·bre pope Papa�࿬ pa·pa popular popular po·poo·lar pork cerdo�࿬ ser·do pork sausage chorizo�࿬ cho·ree·so port puerto�࿬ pwer·to port (wine) oporto�࿬ o·por·to portable CD player reproductor�࿬ de compacts portátil re·pro·dook·tor de kom·pakts por·ta·teel possible posible po·see·ble post code código�࿬�postal ko·dee·go pos·tal post office oficina�࿥�de correos o·fee·see·na de ko·re·os postage timbre�࿬ teem·bre postcard postal�࿥ pos·tal poste restante lista�࿥�de correos lees·ta de ko·re·os poster póster�࿬ pos·ter pot (kitchen) cazuela�࿥ kas·we·la pot (for plant) maceta�࿥ ma·se·ta pot (marijuana) mota�࿥ mo·ta potato papa�࿥ pa·pa pottery alfarería�࿥ al·fa·re·ree·a pound (money) libra�࿥ lee·bra poverty pobreza�࿥ po·bre·sa power poder�࿬ po·der prawn camarón�࿬ ka·ma·ron prayer oración�࿥ o·ra·syon prayer book libro�࿬�de oraciones lee·bro de o·ra·syo·nes prefer preferir pre·fe·reer pregnancy test kit prueba�࿥�de embarazo prwe·ba de em·ba·ra·so pregnant embarazada em·ba·ra·sa·da premenstrual tension síndrome�࿬� premenstrual seen·dro·me pre·men·strwal prepare preparar pre·pa·rar president presidente/a ࿬�࿥ pre·see·den·te/a pressure presión�࿥ pre·syon pretty bonito/a ࿬�࿥ bo·nee·to/a prevent prevenir pre·ve·neer price precio�࿬ pre·syo priest sacerdote�࿬ sa·ser·do·te primary school la primaria ࿬ la pree·ma·rya prime minister (man) primer ministro� ࿬�pree·mer mee·nees·tro prime minister (woman) primera ministra�࿥ pree·me·ra mee·nees·tra printer impresora�࿥ eem·pre·so·ra prison cárcel�࿥ kar·sel prisoner prisionero/a ࿬�࿥ pree·syo·ne·ro/a private privado/a ࿬�࿥ pree·va·do/a P e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 207 private hospital hospital�࿬�privado os·pee·tal pree·va·do produce producir pro·doo·seer profit ganancia�࿬ ga·nan·sya programme programa�࿬ pro·gra·ma projector proyector�࿬ pro·yek·tor promise promesa�࿥ pro·me·sa protect proteger pro·te·kher protected protegido/a ࿬�࿥ pro·te·khee·do/a protest protesta�࿥ pro·tes·ta protest protestar pro·tes·tar provisions provisiones�࿥�SO pro·vee·syo·nes prune ciruela�࿥�pasa seer·we·la pa·sa pub bar�࿬ bar public telephone teléfono�࿬�público te·le·fo·no poo·blee·ko public toilets baños�࿬�SO públicos ba·nyos poo·blee·kos pull jalar kha·lar pump bomba�࿥ bom·ba pumpkin calabaza�࿥ ka·la·ba·sa puncture ponchar pon·char punish castigar kas·tee·gar puppy cachorro�࿬ ka·cho·ro pure puro/a ࿬�࿥ poo·ro/a purple morado/a ࿬�࿥�mo·ra·do/a push empujar em·poo·khar put poner po·ner Q qualifications aptitudes�࿥�SO ap·tee·too·des quality calidad�࿥ ka·lee·dad quarantine cuarentena�࿥ kwa·ren·te·na quarrel pelea�࿥ pe·le·a quarter cuarto�࿬ kwar·to queen reina�࿥ ray·na question pregunta�࿥ pre·goon·ta question preguntar pre·goon·tar queue cola�࿥ ko·la quick rápido/a ࿬�࿥ ra·pee·do/a quiet tranquilo/a ࿬�࿥ tran·kee·lo/a quiet tranquilidad�࿥ tran·kee·lee·dad quit renunciar re·noon·syar R rabbit conejo�࿬ ko·ne·kho race (sport) carrera�࿥ ka·re·ra racetrack pista�࿥ pees·ta racing bike bicicleta�࿥�de carreras bee·see·kle·ta de ka·re·ras racquet raqueta�࿥ ra·ke·ta radiator radiador�࿬ ra·dya·dor railway station estación�࿥�de tren es·ta·syon de tren rain lluvia�࿥ yoo·vya raincoat impermeable�࿬ eem·per·me·a·ble rainbow arcoiris�࿬ ar·ko·ee·rees raisin uva�࿥�pasa oo·va pa·sa rally rally ࿬ ra·lee rape violar vyo·lar rare raro/a ࿬�࿥ ra·ro/a rash irritación�࿥ ee·ree·ta·syon raspberry frambuesa�࿥ fram·bwe·sa rat rata�࿥ ra·ta rate of pay salario�࿬ sa·la·ryo raw crudo/a ࿬�࿥ kroo·do/a razor rastrillo�࿬ ras·tree·yo razor blades navajas ࿥�SO de razurar� na·va·khas de ra·soo·rar read leer le·er ready listo/a ࿬�࿥ lees·to/a real estate agent agente�࿬�inmobili- ario a·khen·te een·mo·bee·lya·ryo realise darse cuenta de dar·se kwen·ta de realistic realista re·a·lees·ta reason razón�࿥ ra·son receipt recibo�࿬ re·see·bo receive recibir re·see·beer recently recientemente re·syen·te·men·te recognise reconocer re·ko·no·ser recommend recomendar re·ko·men·dar recording grabación�࿥ gra·ba·syon recyclable reciclable re·see·kla·ble Q D IC T IO N A R Y 208 recycle reciclar re·see·klar red rojo/a ࿬�࿥ ro·kho/a referee árbitro�࿬ ar·bee·tro reference referencia�࿥ re·fe·ren·sya refrigerator refrigerador�࿬ re·free·khe·ra·dor refugee refugiado/a ࿬�࿥ re·foo·khya·do/a refund reembolso�࿬ re·em·bol·so refund reembolsar re·em·bol·sar refuse negar(se) ne·gar·(se) registered mail correo�࿬�certificado ko·re·o ser·tee·fee·ka·do regret lamentar la·men·tar relationship relación�࿥ re·la·syon relax relajarse re·la·khar·se relic reliquia�࿥ re·lee·kya religion religión�࿥ re·lee·khyon religious religioso/a ࿬�࿥ re·lee·khyo·so/a remember recordar re·kor·dar remote remoto/a ࿬�࿥ re·mo·to/a remote control control�࿬�remoto kon·trol re·mo·to rent renta�࿥ ren·ta rent rentar ren·tar repair reparar re·pa·rar repeat repetir re·pe·teer republic república�࿥ re·poo·blee·ka reservation reservación�࿥ re·ser·va·syon reserve reservar re·ser·var rest descansar des·kan·sar restaurant restaurante�࿬ res·tow·ran·te resumé currículum�࿬ koo·ree·koo·loom retired jubilado/a ࿬�࿥ khoo·bee·la·do/a return volver vol·ver return ticket boleto�࿬�de viaje redondo bo·le·to de vya·khe re·don·do review crítica�࿥ kree·tee·ka rhythm ritmo�࿬ reet·mo rice arroz�࿬ a·ros rich rico/a ࿬�࿥ ree·ko/a ride paseo�࿬ pa·se·o ride montar mon·tar right (correct) correcto/a ࿬�࿥ ko·rek·to/a right (not left) derecha de·re·cha right-wing de derecha de de·re·cha ring anillo�࿥ a·nee·yo ring llamar por teléfono ya·mar por te·le·fo·no rip-off estafa�࿥ es·ta·fa risk riesgo�࿬ ryes·go river río�࿬ ree·o road camino�࿬ ka·mee·no rob robar ro·bar rock roca�࿥ ro·ka rock (music) rock�࿬ rok rock climbing escalada�࿥�en roca es·ka·la·da en ro·ka rock group grupo�࿬�de rock groo·po de rok rollerblading patinar pa·tee·nar romantic romántico/a ࿬�࿥ ro·man·tee·ko/a room habitación�࿥ a·bee·ta·syon room number número�࿬�de habitación noo·me·ro de a·bee·ta·syon rope cuerda�࿥ kwer·da round redondo/a ࿬�࿥ re·don·do/a roundabout glorieta�࿥ glo·rye·ta route ruta�࿥ roo·ta rowing remo�࿬ re·mo rubbish basura�࿥ ba·soo·ra rug alfombra�࿥ al·fom·bra rugby rugby�࿬ roog·bee ruins ruinas�࿥�SO rwee·nas rules reglas�࿥�SO re·glas rum ron ࿬ ron run correr ko·rer run out of quedarse sin ke·dar·se seen S Sabbath Sabbath ࿬�sa·bat sad triste trees·te saddle silla�࿥�de montar see·ya de mon·tar safe caja�࿥�fuerte ka·kha fwer·te safe seguro/a ࿬�࿥ se·goo·ro/a safe sex sexo�࿬�seguro sek·so se·goo·ro saint santo/a ࿬�࿥ san·to/a salad ensalada�࿥ en·sa·la·da S e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 209 salami salami�࿬ sa·la·mee salary salario�࿬ sa·la·ryo sales tax IVA�࿬ ee·va salmon salmón�࿬ sal·mon salt sal�࿥ sal same igual ee·gwal sand arena�࿥ a·re·na sandals sandalias ࿥�SO san·da·lyas sanitary napkins toallas�࿥�SO femeninas to·a·yas fe·me·nee·nas sauna sauna�࿬ sow·na sausage salchicha�࿥ sal·chee·cha save salvar sal·var save (money) ahorrar a·o·rar say decir de·seer scale (climb) escalar es·ka·lar scarf bufanda�࿥ boo·fan·da school escuela�࿥ es·kwe·la science ciencias ࿥�SO syen·syas scientist científico/a ࿬�࿥ syen·tee·fee·ko/a scissors tijeras ࿥�SO tee·khe·ras score anotar a·no·tar scoreboard marcador�࿬ mar·ka·dor Scotland Escocia�࿥ es·ko·sya screen pantalla�࿥ pan·ta·ya script guión�࿬ gee·on sculpture escultura�࿥ es·kool·too·ra sea mar�࿬ mar seasick mareado/a ࿬�࿥ ma·re·a·do/a seaside costa�࿥ kos·ta season estación�࿥ es·ta·syon season (in sport) temporada�࿥ tem·po·ra·da seat asiento�࿬ a·syen·to seatbelt cinturón�࿬�de seguridad seen·too·ron de se·goo·ree·dad second segundo�࿬ se·goon·do second segundo/a ࿬�࿥ se·goon·do/a secondary school la secundaria�࿥ la se·goon·da·rya second-hand de segunda mano de se·goon·da ma·no secretary secretario/a ࿬�࿥ se·kre·ta·ryo/a see ver ver selfish egoísta e·go·ees·ta self-service autoservicio�࿬ ow·to·ser·vee·syo sell vender ven·der send enviar en·vyar sensible sensible sen·see·ble sensual sensual sen·swal separate separado/a ࿬�࿥ se·pa·ra·do/a separate separar se·pa·rar series serie�࿥ se·rye serious serio/a ࿬�࿥ se·ryo/a service station gasolinera�࿥ ga·so·lee·ne·ra service-charge cubierto�࿬ koo·byer·to several varios/as ࿬�࿥ va·ryos/as sew coser ko·ser sex sexo�࿬ sek·so sexism sexismo�࿬ sek·sees·mo sexy sexy sek·see shadow sombra�࿥ som·bra shampoo shampoo�࿬ sham·poo shape forma�࿥ for·ma share (with) compartir kom·par·teer shave rasurar ra·soo·rar shaving cream espuma�࿥�de rasurar es·poo·ma de ra·soo·rar she élla e·ya sheep oveja�࿥ o·ve·kha sheet (bed) sábana�࿥ sa·ba·na sheet (of paper) hoja�࿥ o·kha shelf repisa�࿥ re·pee·sa ship barco�࿬ bar·ko ship enviar en·vee·ar shirt camisa�࿥ ka·mee·sa shoe shop zapatería�࿥ sa·pa·te·ree·a shoes zapatos�࿬�SO sa·pa·tos shoot disparar dees·pa·rar shop tienda�࿥ tyen·da shopping centre centro�࿬�comercial sen·tro ko·mer·syal short (height) bajo/a ࿬�࿥ ba·kho/a short (length) corto/a ࿬�࿥ kor·to/a shortage escasez�࿥ es·ka·ses shorts shorts�࿬�SO shorts shoulder hombro ࿬ om·bro shout gritar gree·tar S D IC T IO N A R Y 210 show espectáculo�࿬ es·pek·ta·koo·lo show mostrar mos·trar shower regadera�࿥ re·ga·de·ra shrine capilla�࿥ ka·pee·ya shut cerrado/a ࿬�࿥ se·ra·do/a shut cerrar se·rar shy tímido/a ࿬�࿥ tee·mee·do/a sick enfermo/a ࿬�࿥ en·fer·mo/a side lado�࿬ la·do sign señal�࿥ se·nyal sign firmar feer·mar signature firma�࿥ feer·ma silk seda�࿥ se·da silver plateado/a ࿬�࿥ pla·te·a·do/a silver plata�࿥ pla·ta SIM card tarjeta�࿥�SIM tar·khe·ta seem similar similar see·mee·lar simple sencillo/a ࿬�࿥ sen·see·yo/a since (time) desde des·de sing cantar kan·tar singer cantante�࿬ ࿥ kan·tan·te single soltero/a ࿬�࿥ sol·te·ro/a single room habitación�࿥�individual a·bee·ta·syon een·dee·vee·dwal singlet camiseta�࿥ ka·mee·se·ta sister hermana�࿥ er·ma·na sit sentarse sen·tar·se size (clothes) talla�࿥ ta·ya size (general) tamaño ࿬�ta·ma·nyo skateboarding andar en patineta an·dar en pa·tee·ne·ta skateboard patineta�࿥ pa·tee·ne·ta ski esquiar es·kee·ar skiing esquí�࿬ es·kee skimmed milk leche�࿥�descremada le·che des·kre·ma·da skin piel�࿥ pyel skirt falda�࿥ fal·da sky cielo�࿬ sye·lo sleep dormir dor·meer sleeping bag bolsa�࿥�de dormir bol·sa de dor·meer sleeping car coche�࿬�cama ko·che ka·ma sleeping pills pastillas�࿥�SO para dormir pas·tee·yas pa·ra dor·meer (be) sleepy tener sueño te·ner swe·nyo slide transparencia�࿥ trans·pa·ren·sya slow lento/a ࿬�࿥ len·to/a slowly despacio des·pa·syo small pequeño/a ࿬�࿥ pe·ke·nyo/a smell olor�࿬ o·lor smell oler o·ler smile sonreír son·re·eer smoke fumar foo·mar SMS capability capacidad ࿥�de SMS ka·pa·see·dad de e·se e·me e·se snack botana ࿥ bo·ta·na snail caracol�࿬ ka·ra·kol snake serpiente�࿥ ser·pyen·te snorkelling esnorkelear es·nor·ke·le·ar snow nieve�࿥ nye·ve snowboarding snowboarding es·now·bor·deen soap jabón�࿬ kha·bon soap opera telenovela�࿥ te·le·no·ve·la soccer fútbol�࿬ foot·bol social welfare seguridad�࿥�social se·goo·ree·dad so·syal socialist socialista�࿬ ࿥ so·sya·lees·ta socks calcetines�࿬�SO kal·se·tee·nes soft drink refresco�࿬ re·fres·ko soldier militar�࿬ mee·lee·tar some algún al·goon someone alguien al·gyen something algo al·go sometimes de vez en cuando de ves en kwan·do son hijo�࿬ ee·kho song canción�࿥ kan·syon soon pronto pron·to sore adolorido/a ࿬�࿥ a·do·lo·ree·do/a soup sopa�࿥ so·pa sour cream crema�࿥�agria kre·ma a·grya south sur�࿬ soor souvenir suvenir�࿬�soo·ve·neer souvenir shop tienda�࿥�de suvenirs tyen·da de soo·ve·neers soy milk leche�࿥�de soya le·che de so·ya soy sauce salsa�࿥�de soya sal·sa de so·ya S e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 211 space espacio�࿬ es·pa·syo Spain España�࿥ es·pa·nya sparkling espumoso/a ࿬�࿥ es·poo·mo·so/a speak hablar a·blar special especial es·pe·syal specialist especialista�࿬ ࿥ es·pe·sya·lees·ta speed velocidad�࿥ ve·lo·see·dad speedometer velocímetro�࿬ ve·lo·see·me·tro spermicide espermecida�࿥ es·per·me·see·da spider araña�࿥ a·ra·nya spinach espinaca�࿥ es·pee·na·ka spoon cuchara�࿥ koo·cha·ra sport deportes�࿬�SO de·por·tes sports store tienda�࿥�de deportes tyen·da de de·por·tes sportsperson deportista�࿬ ࿥ de·por·tees·ta sprain torcedura�࿥ tor·se·doo·ra spring (wire) resorte�࿬ re·sor·te spring (season) primavera�࿥ pree·ma·ve·ra square cuadrado�࿬ kwa·dra·do square (town) zócalo�࿬ so·ka·lo stadium estadio�࿬ es·ta·dyo stage escenario�࿬ e·se·na·ryo stairway escalera�࿥ es·ka·le·ra stamp sello�࿬ se·yo stand-by ticket boleto�࿬�en lista de espera bo·le·to en lees·ta de es·pe·ra stars estrellas�࿥�SO es·tre·yas start comenzar ko·men·sar station estación�࿥ es·ta·syon statue estatua�࿥ es·ta·twa stay (at a hotel) alojarse a·lo·khar·se stay (remain) permanecer per·ma·ne·ser stay (somewhere) quedarse ke·dar·se steak (beef) bistec�࿬ bees·tek steal robar ro·bar steep empinado/a ࿬�࿥ em·pee·na·do/a step paso�࿬ pa·so stereo equipo�࿬�estereofónico e·kee·po es·te·re·o·fo·nee·ko stingy tacaño/a ࿬�࿥ ta·ka·nyo/a stock (broth) caldo�࿬ kal·do stockings calcetas�࿥�SO kal·se·tas stomach estómago�࿬ es·to·ma·go stomachache dolor�࿬�de estómago do·lor de es·to·ma·go stone piedra�࿥ pye·dra stoned ciego/a ࿬�࿥ sye·go/a stop parada�࿥ pa·ra·da stop parar pa·rar store tienda�࿥ tyen·da storm tormenta�࿥ tor·men·ta story cuento�࿬ kwen·to stove estufa�࿥ es·too·fa straight derecho/a ࿬�࿥ de·re·cho/a strange extraño/a ࿬�࿥ ek·stra·nyo/a stranger desconocido/a ࿬�࿥ des·ko·no·see·do/a strawberry fresa�࿥ fre·sa stream arroyo�࿬ a·ro·yo street calle�࿥ ka·ye string cuerda�࿥ kwer·da strong fuerte fwer·te stubborn terco/a ࿬�࿥ ter·ko/a student estudiante�࿬ ࿥ es·too·dyan·te studio estudio�࿬ es·too·dyo stupid estúpido/a ࿬�࿥ es·too·pee·do/a style estilo�࿬ es·tee·lo subtitles subtítulos�࿬�SO soob·tee·too·los suburb colonia�࿬ ko·lo·nya subway metro�࿬ me·tro suffer sufrir soo·freer sugar azúcar ࿬ ࿥ a·soo·kar suitcase maleta�࿥ ma·le·ta summer verano�࿬ ve·ra·no sun sol�࿬ sol sunblock bloqueador ࿬ solar� blo·ke·a·dor so·lar sunburn quemadura ࿥�de sol ke·ma·doo·ra de sol sun-dried tomatoes tomates�࿬�SO deshidratados to·ma·tes des·ee·dra·ta·dos S D IC T IO N A R Y 212 sunflower oil aceite�࿬�de girasol a·say·te de khee·ra·sol sunglasses lentes�࿥�SO de sol len·tes de sol sunny soleado so·le·a·do sunrise amanecer�࿬ a·ma·ne·ser sunset puesta�࿥�de sol pwes·ta de sol supermarket supermercado�࿬ soo·per·mer·ka·do superstition superstición�࿥ soo·per·stee·syon supporters aficionados ࿬ ࿥�SO� a·fee·syo·na·dos surf surfear sor·fe·ar surface mail correo�࿬ terrestre ko·re·o te·res·tre surfboard tabla�࿥�de surf ta·bla de sorf surname apellido�࿬ a·pe·yee·do surprise sorpresa�࿥ sor·pre·sa survive sobrevivir so·bre·vee·veer sweater sueter�࿬ swe·ter sweet dulce dool·se sweets (candy) dulces�࿬�SO dool·ses swim nadar na·dar swimming pool alberca�࿥ al·ber·ka swimsuit traje�࿬�de baño tra·khe de ba·nyo synagogue sinagoga�࿥ see·na·go·ga synthetic sintético/a ࿬�࿥ seen·te·tee·ko/a syringe jeringa�࿥ khe·reen·ga T table mesa�࿥ me·sa table tennis ping pong�࿬ peen pon tablecloth mantel�࿬ man·tel tail cola�࿥ ko·la tailor sastre�࿬ sas·tre take (away) llevar lye·var take (the train) tomar (el tren) to·mar (el tren) take (photos) tomar�(fotos) to·mar fo·tos talk hablar a·blar tall alto/a ࿬�࿥ al·to/a tampons tampones�࿬�SO tam·po·nes tanning lotion bronceador�࿬ bron·se·a·dor tap grifo ࿬ gree·fo tasty sabroso/a ࿬�࿥ sa·bro·so/a tax impuesto�࿬�SO eem·pwes·to taxi taxi�࿬ tak·see taxi driver taxista�࿬ ࿥ tak·sees·ta taxi stand sitio�࿬�de taxis see·tyo de tak·sees tea té�࿬ te teacher maestro/maestra ࿬�࿥ ma·es·tro/ma·es·tra team equipo�࿬ e·kee·po teaspoon cucharita�࿥ koo·cha·ree·ta technique técnica�࿥ tek·nee·ka teeth dientes�࿬�SO dyen·tes telegram telegrama�࿬ te·le·gra·ma telephone teléfono�࿬ te·le·fo·no telephone llamar (por teléfono) ya·mar (por te·le·fo·no) telephone centre central�࿥�telefónica sen·tral te·le·fo·nee·ka telephoto lens teleobjetivo ࿬ te·le·ob·khe·tee·vo telescope telescopio�࿬ te·les·ko·pyo television televisión�࿥ te·le·vee·syon tell decir de·seer temperature (fever) fiebre�࿥ fye·bre temperature (weather) temperatura�࿥ tem·pe·ra·too·ra temple templo�࿬ tem·plo tennis tenis�࿬ te·nees tennis court cancha ࿥ de tenis� kan·cha de te·nees tent tienda�࿥�(de campaña) tyen·da (de kam·pa·nya) tent pegs estacas�࿥�SO es·ta·kas terrible terrible te·ree·ble test prueba�࿥ prwe·ba thank dar gracias dar gra·syas theatre teatro�࿬ te·a·tro their su soo they ellos/ellas ࿬�࿥ e·yos/e·yas thief ladrón/ladrona�࿬�࿥ la·dron/la·dro·na thin delgado/a ࿬�࿥ del·ga·do/a T e n g lish –m exican sp an ish 213 think pensar pen·sar third tercio�࿬ ter·syo (be) thirsty tener sed te·ner sed this éste/ésta ࿬�࿥ es·te/es·ta this (month) este mes es·te mes throat garganta�࿥ gar·gan·ta thrush infección�࿥�de garganta een·fek·syon de gar·gan·ta ticket boleto�࿬ bo·le·to ticket collector inspector/inspectora ࿬�࿥ een·spek·tor/een·spek·to·ra ticket machine venta�࿥� automática de boletos ven·ta ow·to·ma·tee·ka de bo·le·tos ticket office taquilla�࿥ ta·kee·ya tide marea�࿥ ma·re·a tight apretado/a ࿬�࿥ a·pre·ta·do/a time tiempo�࿬ tyem·po time difference diferencia�࿥�de horas dee·fe·ren·sya de o·ras timetable horario�࿬ o·ra·ryo tin lata�࿥ la·ta tin opener abrelatas�࿬ a·bre·la·tas tiny pequeño/a ࿬�࿥ pe·ke·nyo/a tip (gratuity) propina�࿥ pro·pee·na tired cansado/a ࿬�࿥ kan·sa·do/a tissues kleenex ࿬�SO klee·neks toast pan tostado�࿬ pan tos·ta·do toaster tostador�࿬ tos·ta·dor tobacco tabaco�࿬ ta·ba·ko tobacconist tabaquería�࿥ ta·ba·ke·ree·a today hoy oy toe dedo�࿬�del pie de·do del pye tofu tofú�࿬ to·foo together juntos/as ࿬�࿥ khoon·tos/as toilet baño�࿬ ba·nyo toilet paper papel�࿬�higiénico pa·pel ee·khye·nee·ko tomato jitomate�࿬ khee·to·ma·te tomato sauce catsup�࿬ kat·soop tomorrow mañana ma·nya·na tomorrow afternoon mañana en la tarde ma·nya·na en la tar·de tomorrow evening mañana en la noche ma·nya·na en la no·che tomorrow morning mañana en la mañana ma·nya·na en la ma·nya·na tonight esta noche es·ta no·che too (expensive) muy (caro/a) ࿬�࿥ mooy (ka·ro/a) too much demasiado de·ma·sya·do tooth (back) muela�࿥ mwe·la toothache dolor�࿬�de muelas do·lor de mwe·las toothbrush cepillo�࿬�de dientes se·pee·yo de dyen·tes toothpaste pasta�࿥�de dientes pas·ta de dyen·tes toothpick palillo�࿬ pa·lee·yo torch linterna�࿥ leen·ter·na touch tocar to·kar tour excursión�࿥ ek·skoor·syon tourist turista�࿬ ࿥ too·rees·ta tourist office oficina ࿥�de turismo� o·fee·see·na de too·rees·mo towards hacia a·sya towel toalla�࿥ to·a·ya tower torre�࿥ to·re toxic waste residuos�࿬�SO tóxicos re·see·dwos tok·see·kos toyshop juguetería�࿥ khoo·ge·te·ree·a track (footprints) rastro�࿬ ras·tro track (path) sendero�࿬ sen·de·ro track (sport) pista�࿥ pees·ta trade comercio�࿬ ko·mer·syo traffic tráfico�࿬ tra·fee·ko traffic lights semáforos�࿬�SO se·ma·fo·ros trail camino�࿬ ka·mee·no train tren�࿬ tren train station estación�࿥�de tren es·ta·syon de tren tram tranvía�࿬ tran·vee·a transit lounge sala�࿥�de tránsito sa·la de tran·see·to translate traducir tra·doo·seer transport transporte�࿬ trans·por·te travel viajar vya·khar travel agency agencia�࿥�de viajes a·khen·sya de vya·khes travel books guías ࿥�SO turísticas gee·as too·rees·tee·kas T D IC T IO N A R Y 214 travel sickness mareo�࿬ ma·re·o travellers cheques cheques�࿬�SO de viajero che·kes de vya·khe·ro tree árbol�࿬ ar·bol trip viaje�࿬ vya·khe trousers pantalones�࿬�SO pan·ta·lo·nes truck camión�࿬ ka·myon trust confianza�࿥ kon·fee·an·sa trust confiar kon·fee·ar try probar pro·bar try (attempt) intentar een·ten·tar T-shirt camiseta�࿥�ka·mee·se·ta tube (tyre) cámara�࿥�de llanta ka·ma·ra de yan·ta tuna atún�࿬ a·toon tune melodía�࿥ me·lo·dee·a turkey pavo�࿬ pa·vo turn dar vuelta dar vwel·ta TV televisión�࿥ te·le·vee·syon TV series serie�࿥ se·rye tweezers pinzas�࿥�SO peen·sas twice dos veces dos ve·ses twin beds dos camas dos ka·mas twins gemelos/as�࿬�࿥�SO khe·me·los/as type tipo�࿬ tee·po type escribir a máquina es·kree·beer a ma·kee·na typical típico/a ࿬�࿥ tee·pee·ko/a tyre llanta�࿥ yan·ta U ultrasound ultrasonido�࿬ ool·tra·so·nee·do umbrella paraguas�࿬ pa·ra·gwas umpire árbitro�࿬ ar·bee·tro uncomfortable incómodo/a ࿬�࿥ een·ko·mo·do/a underpants (men) truzas�࿥�SO troo·sas underpants (women) pantaletas�࿥�SO pan·ta·le·tas understand comprender kom·pren·der underwear ropa�࿥�interior ro·pa een·te·ryor unemployed desempleado/a ࿬�࿥� des·em·ple·a·do/a unfair injusto/a ࿬�࿥ een·khoos·to/a uniform uniforme�࿬ oo·nee·for·me universe universo�࿬ oo·nee·ver·so university universidad�࿥ oo·nee·ver·see·dad unleaded sin plomo seen plo·mo unsafe inseguro/a ࿬�࿥ een·se·goo·ro/a until (June) hasta (junio) as·ta (khoo·nyo) unusual raro/a ࿬�࿥ ra·ro/a up arriba a·ree·ba uphill cuesta arriba kwes·ta a·ree·ba urgent urgente oor·khen·te USA Estados�࿬�SO Unidos de América es·ta·dos oo·nee·dos de a·me·ree·ka useful útil oo·teel V vacant vacante va·kan·te vacation vacaciones�࿥�SO va·ka·syo·nes vaccination vacuna�࿥ va·koo·na vagina vagina�࿥ va·khee·na validate validar va·lee·dar valley valle�࿬ va·ye valuable valioso/a ࿬�࿥ va·lyo·so/a value valor�࿬ va·lor van camioneta�࿥ ka·myo·ne·ta veal ternera�࿥ ter·ne·ra vegan vegetariano/a estricto/a ࿬�࿥ ve·khe·ta·rya·no/a es·treek·to/a vegetable legumbre�࿥ 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David Day and Thereze Bazar had hits in the 1980s under what name?	Issue 39: June - July 2016 by The Pearl Guide Uganda - issuu Jun - July, 2016 A 2nd tasteful 10 day celebration of Ugandaâ€™s culinary growth and development - June 1-11, 2016 A Special Edition dedicated to the second Kampala Restaurant Week JUN. 1-11, 2016 #KLARESTAURANTWEEK FREE COPY SEE ALL 40 PARTICIPATING RESTAURANTS EDITOR’S letter F ew things bring excitement and joy to Kampala the way Kampala Restaurant Week does, and we couldn’t be more thrilled to bring you the Second Edition this year. creations as: Starters / Desserts UGX 10,000 and Main Courses UGX 25,000 and “Fine Dining Restaurants” will similarly price their creations as: Starters / Desserts UGX 15,000 and Main Courses UGX 35,000. Taking place from 1-11 June 2016, this year’s Kampala Restaurant Week this year turns it’s creative emphasis to the balance and complexity of the Three (3) Course Meal. All forty (40) participating restaurants will showcase not only creative Main Courses but also Starters and Desserts that promise to raise the industry standard. This year also features one participant from both Entebbe and Jinja as The Pearl Guide intends to show the countrywide growth plan of the restaurant showcase. The 40 Restaurants are also categorized into two (2) categories; “Casual Dining Restaurants” (which accounts for 90% of all the participating outlets) will price their With this generous price incentive and the promise of creative memorable culinary experiences outside the ordinary, the 2016 edition of Kampala Restaurant Week promises not only to excite but also to command global attention for Kampala’s restaurant industry. CONTENT Café Ceylon 10 Cafe Javas 14 Cafe Mamba 18 Café Mebanas 22 Design Agenda 26 Dolphin Suites 30 Emin Pasha 34 Endiro 37 Prepare for a sweet and savory June! THE PEARL GUIDE MAGAZINE 8 Kintu Road, Nakasero Tel: 0414 695 658, 0782 095 355, 0782 805 550, 0703 667 286 Email: [email protected] Web: www.thepearlguide.co.ug Design & Layout Footprint Creations Ltd - 0782 410 036 Editor Malcolm Bigyemano - 0782 946 716 [email protected] Photography Julius Kasujja Tel: 0782 998 996 Sales and Advertising Edrine Ssempebwa - 0775 122 025 [email protected] Cover Photo: Holy Crepe Business Development Philip Kalibwani - 0782 095 355 [email protected] Print Order: 8,000 copies Circulation and distribution: All advertisers, regional & national airlines, tour and travel operators, Entebbe International airport (information office), Diplomatic missions, all major hotels in Uganda, selected restaurants, pubs, selected NGOs, Uganda Tourist Board, Uganda Wildlife Authority and various other high traffic locations. Copyright© 2016 by The Pearl Guide All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronically or mechanically, including xeroxing, recording or any information storage or retrieval system without prior permission in writing from The Pearl Guide. DISCLAIMER Please note, though reasonable precautions have been taken to ensure the accuracy of information and addresses provided, neither The Pearl Guide, nor its advertisers, nor its layout designer nor its printers accept responsibility for any damages or inconveniences that may arise therefrom. Any material sent to us will be treated as unconditionally assigned for publication and will be subject to The Pearl Guide’s unrestricted right to edit and redesign. 4 Mediterraneo 74 Miso Garden 78 Munyonyo Commonwealth Resort 83 Mythos Greek Taverna & Lounge 86 Nawab Bistro 90 Nimaro 94 Piato 98 Pineapple Bay 102 Pizza Connection 106 Protea Hotel 110 Prunes 114 Riders’ Lounge 118 Saffron 122 The Explorer Restaurant 124 The Seven Seas Restaurant 128 Speke Hotel 132 Tamarai Thai 136 The Bistro 140 The Great Indian Dhaba 145 The Lawns 148 The Wild Orchid X The Food Library 152 Yujo Izakaya 156 #KlaRestaurantWeek Holy Crêpe Java House Jinja Sailing Club Kabira Country Club Kati Kati La Patisserie Liquid Silk Little Donkey 42 46 50 54 58 62 66 70 5 categorized into two (2) categories. Casual Dining Restaurants (which accounts for 90% of all the participating outlets) will price their creations as: Starters / Desserts UGX 10,000 and Main Courses UGX 25,000. Signature Dining Restaurants will accordingly price their creations as: Starters / Desserts UGX 15,000 and Main Courses UGX 35,000. With this generous price incentive and the promise of creative memorable culinary experiences outside the ordinary, the 2016 edition of Kampala Restaurant Week promises not only to excite but also to command global attention for Kampala’s restaurant industry. U #KlaRestaurantWeek, ganda’s largest restaurant showcase, spectacularly returns for the 2nd Edition in June 2016 proudly presented by Tusker Lite. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK THE APEX OF UGANDA’S DINING SCENE Taking place from 1-11 June 2016, Kampala Restaurant Week turns it’s creative emphasis to the balance and complexity of the Three (3) Course Meal. All forty (40) participating restaurants are showcasing not only creative Main Courses but also Starters and Desserts that promise to raise the industry standard. 1. Tusker Lite – Lighting up every Three Course Meal: Every Three Course Meal ordered during Kampala Restaurant Week 2016 comes with a complimentary easy going low carb Tusker Lite to amplify your experience with friends 2. TotalGaz Dining Experience: Whenever you buy a Restaurant Week Meal, fill in a voucher and join the TotalGaz Raffle where you stand the chance to be treated to a private TotalGaz Dining Experience 3. Wine Pairing courtesy of Uganda Wines: Losing no momentum from 2015, Uganda Wines continues into Restaurant Week 2016 by conducting Special Edition Three Course Wine Pairing Dinners in all the Signature Dining Restaurants of the 2016 Edition 4. Pay using your Stanbic Bank VISACard and WIN: While remaining at the helm of Uganda’s card payment revolution, Stanbic Bank will be rewarding you for paying for your Restaurant Week Meals using your Stanbic Bank VISACard. When you pay with your Stanbic Bank VISACard, you stand the chance to win a dinner voucher worth UGX 50,000. Save up for sweet and savory June! Proudly Supported by This year the 40 Restaurants are also 6 7 Taste and Vote The Awards instalment of Kampala Restaurant Week was instated to act as the stimulant and incentive for the Participating Restaurants to go over above what’s expected of them, to profoundly excel in their culinary art and collectively raise the standard of Uganda’s hospitality industry. In the inaugural 2015 Edition, Yujo Izakaya deservedly emerged as the People’s Choice Top Restaurant for the week as they grabbed the week by the horns and took Kampala on an experimental culinary journey. For 2016, we’ve slightly broadened the awards scope and attracted the support of Chaine des Rottisseurs, the world’s oldest and most credible gastronomic society, as our Dining Authority and Judges for Kampala Restaurant Week 2016. We’re leveraging the distinctive character, knowledge and experience of this society to enable us establish a more accurate depiction of who the remarkable Restaurant performers are. 2016 Awards 1. Top Restaurant Award: This award is to be selected by a weight of 60% Public Vote and 40% Judge Ruling by Chaine des Rotisseurs. The Top Restaurant Award is an overall award that considers the totality of all parameters that make for a great restaurant experience: Food Quality, Menu Variety, Service, Ambience, and Amenities. Under this Category, two (2) awards will be given: “Top Casual Dining Restaurant in Kampala Restaurant Week 2016” and “Top Signature Dining Restaurant in Kampala Restaurant Week 2016”. 2. Outstanding Service Award: To be fully selected by the public only. Diners will go out, experience the restaurants and rally behind the venues where they felt welcome, promptly attended to, treated with care and respect and above all, a timely execution of orders taken. 3. Innovation Award: To be fully selected by the Chaine des Rotisseurs. Restaurant Week is about Creativity and Creation. This award pays tribute the most astonishing creation this year, most astonishing combination of ingredients with a remarkable result on the palate. Chaine des Rotisseurs will discretely visit all the Participating Restaurants, extensively review their menus, then taste and discern the creation of the year. How to Vote We’ve remarkably simplified the voting process this year. It’s as easy as 1, 2, 3! 1. After checking out a restaurant, visit www. thepearlguide.co.ug/krw 2. Find the desired Restaurant on the page. Restaurants are listed in Alphabetical Order 3. Cast your Vote for the Restaurant! Done! Voting closes at midnight on Saturday 11th June 2016. 8 About Chaine des Rottiseurs The Chaîne des Rôtisseurs is the world’s oldest international gastronomic society, founded in Paris in 1248. It is devoted to preserving the camaraderie and pleasures of the table and to promoting excellence in all areas of the hospitality arts. Revived in 1950, the society has professional and amateur members in more than 90 countries worldwide, including Uganda. CEYLON 1. The most popular strain of tea grown in Sri Lanka. 2. The name given to the area known as Sri Lanka by the British until 1972, no doubt because of point no. 1, above. 3. A charming new café on Kira Road participating in this year’s edition of Kampala Restaurant Week with a menu that runs from the 1st to 11th June, presenting a (very) wide range of Sri Lankan dishes that we were lucky enough to sample to give you an idea of what they have in store. ...As you cut into it, you notice its softness and moistness; toeing the line between solid and gooey, with a solid, slightly crunchy base of cashew nuts. F or a well-rounded taste of Sri Lanka, however, you might want to skip the starter and dive right into the Ceylon Platter, which is at least a two course meal altogether. On a circular chopping board are five different Sri Lankan dishes, starting with the: KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK CAFÉ CEYLON Gotu Kola and Coconut Salad, made from spade leaf (the gotu kola part), a subtly bitter green, leafy vegetable mixed with grated coconut, freshly squeezed lime juice, chilli and raw onions. Though you have a medley of light flavours, there is plenty of heat and zest to keep things interesting and a generous serving of coconut shavings to keep them from getting uncomfortable. With the starter for this platter taken care of, you may turn your sights on the Kothu; which is chopped up chapatti (paratha to be precise) stir-fried with vegetables and eggs, then served as a smooth mound with coconut gravy for garnish. On its own, this is a very spicy dish, but the subtly sweet light coconut gravy gives it a little more balance. Like almost everything else on this platter, it pairs up very well with the Yellow Rice which is first fried, then cooked (as 10 11 rice are wrapped up in a piece of banana leaf and baked as a parcel, giving it all a delightful smoky aroma. Yes, just like Luwombo. Though it looks really nice with rice in the centre and all the other ingredients arranged around it, Lamprais is best enjoyed with everything mixed together until it reminds you of Biryani’s smoky Sri Lankan cousin. To end your meal on a sweet note, try opposed to the more intuitive other way around) with coconut milk and gets its colour from a little bit of saffron. Are you starting to wonder whether these people eat meat at all? If it is a thought that crossed your mind, you will probably enjoy the Grilled Chicken marinated with garlic, ginger, smashed curry leaves and roasted curry powder for a smoky, slightly woody flavour, served with dark coconut gravy. You may not realise that the chicken is the only meat on the platter, however, once you have a taste of 12 Kiri-koss which consists of jackfruit cooked with coconut milk, green chilli, curry powder, turmeric, curry leaves and cinnamon, then left to boil until the jackfruit seeds soften. Yes, cooked ffene. You are first hit by the hot chilli’s flavour as your mouth makes sense of the tender, stringy jackfruit flesh that you would be forgiven for mistaking for really tender meat. Another comprehensive medley of Sri Lankan food comes in form of the Lamprais. A combination of eggplant, caramelised onions, chicken, breaded fish cutlets, eggs and the jaggery-sweetened Watalappan (custard pudding). Jaggery what? An age-old alternative to sugar, jaggery is made from the caramelised sap of a Thal tree. Made with eggs, coconut milk, cardamom, cloves and cashew nuts, this light brown dessert is steamed, not baked. As you cut into it, you notice its softness and moistness; toeing the line between solid and gooey, with a solid, slightly crunchy base of cashew nuts. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Lamprais A dutch burgher influenced dish with rice cooked in chicken stock, egg, brinjal moju, chicken curry, seeni sambol and a frikkadel wrapped in a banana leaf and baked in an oven Crispy Homemade Vegetable Cutlets Served With Ceylon Flavoured Tomato Relish Ceylon Platter Traditional yellow rice, egg kothu roti served with Ceylon spiced coconut white gravy. Kiri Kos- jackfruit slow cooked with coconut milk saffron and spices. Ceylon herbed, pan cooked fillets of chicken served with roasted curry sauce sprinkled with curry leaves and fried cashew nuts. Gotukola salad with lime juice, green chilli, onions, tomatoes and freshly grated coconut. Cucumber salad with You may find Café Ceylon at: DESSERTS UGX10,000 Bibikkan Traditional Sri Lankan cake based on grated coconut, jaggery and spices served with chocolate sauce Plot No.81, Kira Road, Kamwokya, Tel: +256 792 223 344 13 earthenware pan that seems to struggle to contain the glistening globes of brioche. Brioche is a French bread made that we are conflicted about calling bread or a pastry, because it is made with more eggs and butter than your average loaf, giving it a flaky crust and a rich, tender crumb. Here it is smothered in garlic butter, parmesan and mozzarella so that when you pull away a piece, you leave a delicious stringy trail and molten cheese oozing out of the centre. The pieces of “bread” are really soft with the strong pungency of garlic and cheese, leaving your fingers glistening with buttery decadence. Apart from how potentially filling this can be, this is a great meal to share because it comes apart so easily. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK CAFE JAVAS CAFE JAVAS I s one of those cafes that goes above and beyond its mandate as a coffee house to gain as much of a reputation for its food as for its coffee. This year Javas is stepping into the ring with some of Kampala’s top restaurants as a participant in Kampala Restaurant Week, and we know 14 what you are thinking. Which one? All of them. From the 1st to the 11th of June, you may walk into any Javas outlet in Kampala (and beyond) and enjoy the treats in their exclusive menu, some of which we previewed for you below. First up is an appetiser that goes by Pan Bread. What is that about? Pan Bread is cooked as well as served in a shallow, black, What would you have envisioned at the mention of Rosemary Chicken Skewers? Whatever it was, the real deal, as you can see, is almost definitely more impressive. A single metallic skewer, over a foot long, is suspended vertically from a sword-like hilt still warm from the grill and has grilled chicken breast cubes running down to the tip like a kebab. The end of the skewer is buried in a bowl of avocado, onions, tomatoes, lime juice and dania. This zesty salsa is a perfect accompaniment for the salty, tender, slightly charred chicken, with its distinct rosemary infused flavour; combining the bitter with the piney to make the salty more interesting. The bowl of salsa sits on a large banana leaf, buffered on all sides by gonja chips drizzled with lemon juice. The gonja crisps sold in translucent plastic packets makes one expect these dark brown fritters to be hard and crunchy, but instead, they are crispy on the outside and soft to the chew, just like french fries. Yes, the entire apparatus and scale of presentation are aweinspiring, but the flavours, textures and aromas also follow through, so that this dish tastes even more impressive than it looks. If you make it to dessert, you will have, by this time snuck a few peeks at the glass display of pastries 15 and confectionaries, and will have no doubt noticed the Red Velvet Cake. According to a census that does not exist, but should: everybody (well, exactly 89% of the population, rounded off) LOVES Red Velvet Cake. Fun fact: not everybody knows it is actually chocolate cake. Traditionally coloured red with beetroot juice, the taste of chocolate and the colour red, usually not associated with chocolate is a combination that has raised Red Velvet, in the public psyche, above the chocolate cake realm and into a league of its own. The cake is layered, with each red section separated by a mixture of mascarpone and cream cheese. This rich, creamy combination restrains the chocolate cake from unbridled sweetness, balancing it out with a light cheesy flavour. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Grilled Chicken Wings Marinated grilled chicken wings with carrots and celery served with honey BBQ sauce. Javas Chicken Skewer Marinated chicken fillet skewered with fresh farm tomato served with fried plantain, avocado lime salsa and steamed rice. Cactus Nachos Thinly sliced homemade potato crisps topped with mozzarella cheese, peppers, olives, onion and mince meat. Buffalo Chicken Wrap Tender breaded chicken fillet tossed in a mildly spicy BBQ sauce all wrapped in a fresh tortilla with lettuce, tomato, mozzarella cheese and ranch dressing served with fresh cut chips. Red Velvet Cake Moist layers of Red Velvet sponge layered with mascarpone and cream cheese. Apple Pie Blondie Tender apples in a light, flaky crust topped with vanilla ice cream and caramel sauce. Javas Pan Bread Freshly baked brioche bread smothered with garlic butter and mozzarella cheese. Signature Caribbean Jerk Chicken Jerk marinated bone-in chicken grilled to perfection served with tomato salsa, fried plantain, chips and garden salad. Brownie Indulgence A a warm rich American brownie topped with premium vanilla ice cream. You may find CafĂŠ Javas at 16 Namirembe Road, Tel: +256 393 202 083 Nakawa, Jinja Road, Tel: +256 393 202 355 Kamwokya Kira Road, Tel: +256 393 203 116 Kampala Boulevard, Tel: +256 392 177 284 Victoria Mall, Berkeley Road (Entebbe), Bombo Road, Tel: +256 414 680 667 Tel: +256 392 175 930 Oasis Mall, Tel: +256 393 106 502 CAFE MAMBA CAFE MAMBA 18 T he Restaurant Formerly Known As Mamba Point moved up the road from its former address in Nakasero to Urban, a member of the City Blue chain of hotels. As yo leave the reception and walk down other worldy white corridor decked with monochromatic photos of The Eiffel Tower and other prominent foreign spectacles, you emerge into a courtyard with a pool and poolside restaurant, Cafe Mamba. For 2016â€™s restaurant week they are serving up a variety of dishes from cucumber based crockery to fried ice cream. This is not a drill. Below are some highlights from the menu they have put together this year. 19 as garnish balances its savoury tones with sweet zest. Get all that on a fork at the same time and relish a complex balance of flavours and textures coming together for a dish that tastes as new as it tastes familiar. The Dessert: Are you sitting down? Okay, good. One of the highlights of Café Mamba’s menu is undoubtedly their fried ice cream, which, when you say it out loud actually sounds like an oxymoron. A delicious oxymoron heavy breathing. Bakikola batya? A scoop of either chocolate or vanilla ice cream (or both) is coated in crushed cornflakes and deep-fried into a crumbly golden ball of goodness and garnished with dry fruit. When you crack the hardened outer crust, sitting there like an icy surprise is the scoop of ice cream still intact, but having soaked some of its cream into the inner walls for insulation. Whoever said being hot and cold was a bad thing had not tried the deep fried ice cream with its warm crumbly outer crust and softer, gooey inside providing a base for the ice cream’s jolt of coldness. Whether you get the vanilla, or the chocolate, or both (we recommend the latter), you are in for a truly exciting dessert experience. The Starter: Cucumber Cups are something of a salad reimagined. A trio of hollowed out cucumber halves sticking up at angles are presented overflowing with a chicken and curry mayo paste. The entire set up is garnished with honey salsa which looks a lot like kachumbali (though with more flakes of green) but brings a dash of sweetness to the party (which explains the honey part). Crunching into the cups, one is reminded of a chicken mayo sandwich with cucumber instead of bread until you taste the subtle syrupy flavours of the salsa that contrasts and completes the delightfully cold first bite. The Main: Toasted Almond Tilapia with Local Mango Salsa and Apricot Paste is a mouthful to say and a mouthful to savour. Uganda’s most popular and common fish is filleted and grilled with almonds and then plated on a surprising bed of spinach fried in butter with a little garlic. The nutty flavour of the tilapia is very well complimented by the garlic infused spinach, with almonds giving the otherwise soft combination a little crunch. What about the Local Mango Salsa and Apricot paste, you ask. A combination of diced tomatoes, onions, oranges, lemon juice and coriander, the salsa, when drizzled over the fish 20 CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 Stuffed Cucumber Cups MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Toasted Almond Tilapia with Local Mango Salsa and Apricot Paste Served on a bed of buttered spinach. Mamba Fried Ice Cream Two flavored ice cream coated with some secret homemade ingredients deep fried with homemade sauces and dried fruits. Urban Fillet Mignon With Jalapeno Flavored Pink Sauce Served on a bed of crispy garlic butter vegetables and orange fennel mashed potatoes. You may find Café Mamba (Urban by City Blue) at: Plot 22 Akii Bua Road, Nakasero, Tel: +256 793 000 001 21 CAFÉ MEBANAS I s Mebanas a town in Latin America with really good coffee? Well, no. We don’t think so. Mebanas is an acronym for the first names of people who mean a lot to the owners of this charming café on Kafu Road. On the ground floor of Twed Plaza is a shaded outdoor structure fortified by black iron shaped as bamboo shoots and banana leaves that is the origin of the tell-tale strong 22 smell of dark coffee that kick-starts many mornings in this patch of Nakasero. This year as part of Kampala Restaurant Week, they have put together a menu of specially designed dishes at specially designed prices, and we had the pleasure of sampling a few outstanding items on your behalf. The Grilled Goat Chops with Roasted Potatoes are a sight to behold and a delight to devour. The sizeable pieces of beautifully charred meat are stacked up with huge chunks of At Café Mebanas it is reimagined as Boneless Fish on a Bed of Seasonal Vegetables. “Nawe, that’s just fish fillet!”, I can hear you say, but it really isn’t. multi-coloured bell peppers criss-crossed with dark lines left by the grill and garnished with green specks of fresh parsley. Goat’s meat happens to be a muchomo favourite in Uganda because it is a lot less stringy than beef, but has the richness of flavour associated with red meat despite its being (you won’t believe this,) white meat. A little pineapple, mchuzi mix, pineapple and scorching from the grill are all it needs to enhance its taste, with a serving of apple and 23 red wine sauce on the side. The combination of sweet and savoury, with the slight acidity of red wine gives a whole new dimension to grilled goat’s meat, a staple of the Ugandan barbecue scene most commonly sold on sticks by the road side. Another Ugandan classic has to be whole tilapia, fried, with a side of kachumbali. At Café Mebanas it is reimagined as Boneless Fish on a Bed of Seasonal Vegetables. “Nawe, that’s just fish fillet!”, I can hear you say, but it really isn’t. This is not fish fillet which is already bought cleaned, filleted, pre-packaged and generally processed to the point of blandness. What you have at Café Mebanas is fresh, whole, tilapia. The bones are painstakingly removed on site and the fish deepfried so that it retains the flavour and texture from its skin and the imperfect grooves of its bones. A side of mushroom and tartare sauce gives the traditional tangy fish accompaniment (fish and lemon juice, fish and tartare sauce) a twist by adding mushroom sauce’s peppery, earthy flavour. Cafés are best known for their coffee and confectioneries cakes, so it only makes sense that you finish off your meal with a slice of Café Mebanas’ Chocolate Cake. The light brown chocolate is separated into layers by a wellbalanced creme (neither too sweet nor too buttery), topped with paper-thin lemon slices cut into quarters and garnished with a drizzle of sweet chocolate sauce. Don’t sleep on those lemon slices; they counter the cake’s overall sweetness with a delightful zest that makes for a wellbalanced dessert. CASUAL DINING - MENU MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Boneless fish on a bed of seasonal Vegetables served with Chips and Rice American Chocolate Cake served slices of pineapples and syrup Grilled goat chops served with Roasted Potatoes and Boiled rice Chocolate Cake served with lemons, syrup and a sprinkle of Frosting You may find Café Mebanas at: 24 Enjoy the Card experience Take control of your banking with your VISA Debit and Credit card when short on cash. From groceries and restaurants, to electronic equipment, airtime, furniture, utility bills and more, you can pay for it all locally or internationally in more than 210 countries. For more information on our VISA cards, call our toll free numbers on 0800 150 150 or 0800 250 250 today. Credit Plot 10 Kafu Road, Twed Towers, Tel: +256 776 322 627 Stanbic Bank Uganda Limited. A financial institution regulated by Bank of Uganda. License Number A1. 013 KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK DESIGN AGENDA DESIGN AGENDA D esign Agenda can easily be called a good hideout in the open. Located on the corner of Kimathi Avenue on Jubilee Insurance Building, it’s a mini art gallery-cum restaurant that delights in designing creative meals for its patrons with a special inclination to charcoal grill preparation. It’s hard to find a more private place in a busy area that provides great cocktails and great grilled dishes. 26 Starters 1. Designer Butternut Soup with Garlic Bread Butternut soup is usually one of the most delicious and preferred warm starters for any three course meal. Design Agenda’s Butternut soup doesn’t disappoint either. First, the vivid orange velvety look is enough to warm up the tummy. Its rich creamy texture upon tasting is complemented well with the slightly charred bread served on a strip of matooke leaf. A keen tongue will be able to note the strong hint of garlic in the soup, herbs and butter. You can dip the bread into the soup or simply sip on spoonfuls of the butternut soup. The taste is delightful both ways. 2. Designer Chilled Fish and Avocado Cocktail Sauce It comes as a multiple-textured taste in a cocktail glass. It’s served with a spoon so do not attempt to use your mouth or a straw. Tilapia, avocado, and cucumber cubes come together in a mixture of creamy mayo sauce sprinkled with dill on top. The dill provides a herby flavor and the mayo sauce provides an overall creaminess for the soft and crunchy texture and three different tastes of tilapia, cucumber and avocado. As you’re crunching on the cucumber you’re then on the soft avocado and fish. It’s a lovely experience for the tongue. Plus, the dish comes with lemon slices so you can add another taste into the mix. 3. Sliced Irish and Matooke Crisps, Fresh Cucumber and Carrot with Tartar sauce. For those who want to go easy on their starters, this is the perfect choice. The Irish and matooke crisps plus the cucumber and 27 carrot offer crunchy choice to those who prefer to keep their tummy space for the main meal. It’s a dip and crunch option. Dip into the tartar sauce and crunch! What you’re not ready for, however, is their addictiveness. Mains Designer Pork Chops with William Potatoes with Design Agenda Barbecue sauce The best thing about the pork chops at Design Agenda are their bony extensions. They come ready for you to hold and bite into without the need for fork and knife. Nothing beats meat that is tender and juicy. Add some barbecue sauce to it and you’re in for a taste! Design Agenda’s barbecue sauce is a secret. Don’t forget to try the William Potatoes. Char Grilled Chicken Breast. Served on a bed of spinach, smoked mushrooms, cheese and cream, this chicken dish is charred the Ugandan way, over charcoal grill to produce that distinct aroma. The chicken breast is succulent and goes down well with the veg’s and sauce provided on the side. 28 Designer Beef Medallion with Maxim Potatoes alternated with vegetables. The medallion-shaped chocolate brown beef sits amidst colourful vegetables and excites the senses with a look. A fork and knife into the beef reveals a well done dish which when dipped into pepper gives a rather thrilling taste. Dessert Chocolate cake with mint sauce This dessert is a chocolate lover’s delight. Dark chocolate with mint sauce and a strawberry on the side. There’s nothing else but the Fruit Dessert. Sometimes the simplest desserts are the most pleasurable. The masterfully cut fruits; pineapple, oranges, watermelon, mangoes, apple and strawberry are served with yoghurt and strawberry sauce. Try each fruit with the different sauce for a different taste! Affogato The cold dessert is a double espresso with vanilla ice-cream, cold milk, chocolate sauce and froth. It’s the right kind of sweetness to end a meal with. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 Creamy Butternut Soup This smooth sweet delight will leave you wanting another spoonful. The butternut is married with coconut to create a sweet smooth and soothing soup served with garlic bread. Tilapia and Avocado Cocktail Cubes of poached tilapia are toasted together with avocado and cucumber in a creamy cocktail sauce to create a delightful appetizer. A fresh Start It’s fresh, it’s healthy, it’s pleasing to the pallet. Try these freshly cut cucumber and carrot sticks, onion rings, spicy potato and matooke crisps served with Design Agenda creamy cocktail and Design Agenda avocado dips. MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Beef Medallions 250gm beef fillet marinated in spicy Mediterranean marinade (garlic, rosemary, red wine vinegar, black pepper, sugar, salt and olive oil) with maxim potatoes and steamed vegetables finished off with herbed butter served with our famous BBQ sauce with a hint of spice. Fruit Salad A refreshing serving of fruit cubes paired with fresh fruit puree and yoghurt. The Design Agenda Chocolate Plate / Slice This comfortingly rich chocolate selection is the perfect marriage between a brownie and a chocolate cake served with a chocolate truffle and homemade minty chocolate sauce ensuring that you get just the right amount of chocolate. Pork Chops This trio of our Design Agenda pork chops is marinated overnight in a ginger and garlic relish and generously basted with Design Agenda sauce leaving it tender and juicy, served with grilled seasonal vegetables finished off with herbed butter served with crispy mash balls, plantain and BBQ sauce. Kuku Design Agenda Style A pair of BBQ chicken breast, one infused with fragrant sweet flavour of our yellow orange marinade, the other with the delicate tanginess of lime marinade served on a bed of smoky mushroom and spinach, mushroom sauce and sweet apple rice. You may find Design Agenda at: Affogato Coffee, chocolate, ice cream and cream all in one cup creating a decadent and soulwarming dessert. Simply the ultimate dessert! Ask for this with or without a shot of Kailua. Plot 14A, Parliament Avenue, Jubilee Insurance Centre, Tel: 256 700 134002 29 DOLPHIN SUITES T ucked away from the bustle of Bugolobiâ€™s Mabirizi Road and Luthuli Avenue is Dolphin Suites, a hotel that easily fits into the serenity of the surrounding suburbia. This year they are participating in the Kampala Restaurant Week with a menu of Intercontinental and Indian dishes that we sampled to give you a preview. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK DOLPHIN SUITES 30 Soup is never a bad way to start a meal, especially if it is light enough not to fill the stomach and so full of flavour it piques your tastebuds for the rest of the meal. The Creme of Butternut Soup is an orange broth with a foamy lump of creme floating on its surface and the green garnish of finely chopped parsley. Butternut, which tastes (and looks) a little bit like pumpkin, gives the soup a slight sweetness, which is neutralised with salt, then given a subtle jolt by the addition of a hint of ginger. This is served with bread rolls and unsalted butter, which, for reasons we canâ€™t explain, really highlights the ginger in the soup. 31 been a dull cut of chicken breast to life. The chicken breast can often be the toughest, stringiest and most dry part of a chicken, especially when grilled. This Honey Citrus Chicken has incisions running down its side, so that the marinade sinks in and spreads the flavour more evenly. Another way to go, with the main course section of your meal is vegetarian, with the Vegetable Sargam. This North Indian dish is made from assorted vegetables cooked with cashew nut paste, onion gravy and spices. The curry gets its yellowish-orange from turmeric and curry powder, which along with chilli and jeera are the cornerstone of most Indian cooking. This creamy, spicy, pulpy masala is garnished with parsley and served with steamed rice in a hollowed out green pepper. Wrap up this threecourse episode with a Mango Terrine, a combination of simple ingredients, in a way not so simple, to get something truly spectacular. With the slight wobble of jelly, this moist, spongy dessert is a balance of sweet and milky, with more of the latter than the former. It is the kind of dessert that does not depend on its sweetness for its greatness. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 The Prime Beef Medallion not only sounds like a worthy headlining act for your meal, it is. We have prime beef fillet marinaded in a soy sauce and pepper mix (with a few more ingredients we would rather not reveal. Just because) and then grilled until well done (or less). The beef is garnished with caramelised onions and served with a garlic, pepper and cheese sauce as well as a side of Pomme Puree (mashed potatoes). A lot goes into this steak, but some things make more of 32 an impression than others and the lightly crushed peppercorns (many still whole) dominate the beef with a bold, smokey flavour. On the other side of the flavour spectrum, is the Honey Citrus Chicken. Here we have chicken breast baked, then grilled (for tenderness). It is marinated with a mix of honey, lemon, orange peel, curry powder and dijon mustard that balances the sweet and the tangy to bring what could have Creme Butternut Soup With a hint of ginger served with bread rolls. MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Honey Citrus Chicken Baked boneless chicken breast with honey, orange, lemon peel, curry powder, dijon mustard served with maxim potato. Prime Beef Medallion Crushed pepper grilled beef fillet served with caramelized onion rings on a garlic cheese sauce served pomme puree. Mango Terrine Vegetable Sargam Assorted vegetable cooked in Indian style with cashew nut paste and onion gravy served with steamed rice. You may find Dolphin Suites at: Princess Anne Drive Plot 36 Bugolobi, Kampala, Tel: +256 752 711 846 33 KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK EMIN PASHA hard-boiled eggs, potatoes, french beans, fresh tuna, cherry tomatoes, black olives, anchovies and a variety of salad leaves (endives and so on). For dressing, a mixture of olive oil, red wine, vinegar, dijon mustard, salt and pepper are whipped into a light sauce whose slight acidity intensifies especially the flavours of the various vegetables. The fresh tuna is this salad’s main attraction, and as with the other protein elements (the eggs, especially), it is brought to the fore by the ever so salty anchovies. T-Bone Steak with Béarnaise Sauce: EMIN PASHA THE HOTEL M ay be better known than Emin Pasha the bearded fellow with the hat, and that is testament to its longevity and reputation. The orange and creme adobe facade of the boutique hotel in Nakasero is iconic but they are best known for a first rate culinary experience fusing local and intercontinental 34 elements. The boutique hotel brings us a classic spread of dishes for its #KlaRestaurantWeek run this year and we sampled a few of their dishes to give you an idea of what’s cooking. Salad Nicoise: Even if you did not know it was called this, you have probably seen it before. The Salad Nicoise is a classic salad probably hailing from Nice (House of Plastics- rimshot) consisting of If steaks were RnB groups, the T-Bone steak would be Beyoncé. The white T, surrounded by fleshy pinkness and a ring of white fat is so iconic because it is everything meat lovers love about meat: the bone, the tender meat that molds itself around the bone and the ring of fat seeming to hold everything together. This particular T-bone steak is grilled till it is slightly brown and slightly charred, while remaining succulent on the inside, a mediumrare shade of pink. Chefs will usually begrudgingly oblige if one prefers one’s steak well done, but they will be quick to inform you that the meat’s flavour is best savoured with a little centre of underdone flesh. To accompany it is Béarnaise Sauce, a combination of eggs, butter and vinegar whose creamy texture and slightly sour taste is almost cheesy and is a delightful addition to the smoky beef. The Passion Fruit and Brandy Snap: What happens when you double-boil passion fruit, creme, lemon, corn starch and then chill the whole thing 35 for a while? A dollop of creamy goodness which, thanks to the cornstarch, tastes a little bit like custard. It is served on a pancake that is baked rather than fried, which explains its more puffy appearance which dissipates when it cools. The sweet, creamy, buttery combination is garnished with a red wine reduction whose sourness and slight acidity spike up the dessert’s flavour. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK ENDIRO ENDIRO T ucked away into a leafy corner of Kisementi is a cafe you might not know is there unless you are looking for it or have already been there before: Endiro. It takes its name from the Runyoro-Rutooro word directly translated to “where to eat from” and the papyrus woven baskets in which millet bread is traditionally served. Smaller versions of these baskets are also traditionally used to hold and serve coffee beans. Endiro has, over the years gained a reputation for their expertise in everything relating to coffee and they have made it a huge part of their exclusively designed menu for this year’s Kampala Restaurant Week from the 1st - 11th of June. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 Courgette Soup Season Salad Nicoise Asian Style Beef Salad with Julienne vegetable, Egg Noodles and Tamarind Dressing MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 “Imam Bayildi” Aubergine and Mushroom Gratin served with Saffron Rice Free Range Chicken Breast, Virgin Olive, Mashed Wild Mushroom served with Pesto Bayonne Ham, Wrapped Tilapia, Crispy Sage, Sauteed Potatoes and Parsley Butter Grilled T-Bone Steak with Chips and Bearnaise Mongolian Pork Stir Fried with Basmati Rice You may find Emin Pasha at: 36 27 Akii Bua Road, Nakasero, Tel: +256 414 236 977 Passion Fruit and Mango Brandy Snap Eton Mess Pavlova A stand-out item on the appetisersâ€™ section of the menu is definitely the Carne Asada Crostinis with Single Origin Bukalasi Coffee. Let us break this down for those to whom the above means nothing (which included us until we had it broken down). Carne is Spanish for beef, while the asada part is a specific cut of steak (skirt, flank or flap) often grilled to medium rare and served in slices. A crostini is a small slice of toasted bread served with an assortment of toppings, which in this case is a layer of mango salsa and carne asada which is a delicious brown on the outside, gradually transitioning into a rich red centre. The earthy beef flavour and the sweet tangy mango contrast beautifully, with the crispy baguette neutralising as well as uniting them. Every meal on this menu is paired with a coffee, this time a single-origin blend from Bukalasi. The coffee is served dark and unsweetened so that its earthiness and acidity are not 38 obscured, but complement the smokey steak and fruity flavours of the crostini. On to the next course, we have the Coffee-rubbed Pork Chop Sandwich with Coffee-candied Bacon and Grilled Pineapple. The coffee is dry-rubbed with a marinade inspired by a Mexican mole sauce consisting of ground espresso, cocoa powder, paprika, cumin and salt, then glazed with honey, left overnight and finally grilled till all the pink is gone, but not all the juice. A thick, round pineapple slice is also honey-and-coffee-rubbed, then grilled till it is a little crispy. The bacon? Same story: glazed with a coffeehoney-chilli combination and grilled in its own fat. It is all assembled on a toasted ciabatta roll that somehow does not fall apart, with all the fat and juices soaking into it. Pork and pineapple is a great combination (it canâ€™t fail, the Hawaiian pizza is testament to that), but this smoky pork chop is enhanced by the sweetness of its own honey glaze and the complex sweetness of the charred pineapple. The coffee pairing for this is an iced espresso, which you start to realise is not just delicious, but handy at this point, helping as a digestive agent and keeping you awake after a heavy meal. Endiro also prides itself on its wide array of expertly blended juices and smoothies, referred to as Blendiros. For dessert, Endiro has combined their great coffee with their great blendiros to bring you the Aztec Frozen Mocha made from espresso, cinnamon, chilli powder, chocolate ice cream, whipped cream and chocolate shavings. This blendiro is served in a jam jar topped with a generous amount of whipped cream, garnished with cinnamon and chocolate shavings that seems to ooze out of the layers of dark and light brown chocolate below. The lighter layers are thick, creamy and chocolatey without being too sweet, while the dark layers pack a punch of heat and coffee flavoured bitterness that all comes together when you stir. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Carne Asada Crostinis with Ugandan Bududa Bukalasi Craft Coffee. Coffee Rubbed Pork Chop Sandwich; Coffee Candied Bacon and Grilled Pineapple Juice served with Cold Brewed Bududa Coffee. Aztec Frozen MO You may find Endiro Coffee at: 23B Cooper Road, Kisementi, Tel: +256 312 515 322 39 H KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK HOLY CRÊPE 42 oly what? Crêpe: a thin pancake that is probably French in origin, and the specialty of the new restaurant at Kololo Hill Lanes dazzling white 17 Apartments. “Holy Crêpe” is an appropriate response to both the view from up here and your first bite of anything on their menu. We had the pleasure of sampling a selection of dishes from their #KlaRestaurantWeek menu and giving you a preview of what they have in store from the 1st to the 11th of June. Primo: To kick off your meal, we recommend Silver Dollar Pea Pancake, a starter consisting of pea pancakes, topped with smoked salmon and a fried quail egg. Sure, we’ll slow down and not act like we didn’t just say pea pancakes. The miniature green patties (patty because they are a little thicker than 43 texture coming from tomatoes and eggplant. In this not so sweet crêpe, the Ratatouille’s flavour really stands out, complemented by the slowly melting Bree. your average pancake) are composed of peas, so lightly mashed that you can still see their shape, feel their texture, and taste their slightly sweet earthiness. The strong, unapologetic flavour of peas is balanced by smoked salmon’s inherent saltiness and given a slight jolt by the combination of brie and cream cheese. This is all crowned by the fried quail egg, which is possibly the only kind of egg small enough to top this dainty starter, when made sunny-side-up. Quail eggs are high in protein and very healthy, but most importantly in this 44 A slightly meatier main and predicted crowd favourite is the Triple Dipped Fried Chicken And Waffles, another pancake-esque classic. In the American South, what might sound like a counter-intuitive mix of salty and sweet, breakfast and dinner, is a well-loved dish. The chicken is coated (repeatedly) with a spicy buttermilk butter and deep fried for a thick, crunchy layer of breading. The waffles, while not being too sweet, are dusted with a little icing sugar and have a heavy buttery taste that balances out the spicy, salty chicken. The Chicken and Waffles combination actually works precisely because of its counter-intuitive balance of salty and situation, quail eggs are very, well, cute. Secondo: Inspired by the Pixar animated film about a rat with skills in the kitchen, Holy Crêpe version of the Beggar’s Purse is stuffed with ratatouille and topped with a little Bree. What is a Beggar’s’ Purse? A crêpe is filled with insert desired stuffing here and knotted at one end like a little sack. No, the desired stuffing is not a computer generated rat chef, but the French dish he is named after. Ratatouille is a traditional French vegetable stew with the most prominent taste and sweet. Some prefer to offset this balance a little with a drizzle of honey or syrup; but Holy Crêpe’s savoury white gravy goes the other way, a risk you definitely will not regret. Therso: Sitting at a crêperie with all manner of pancake (crêpe) / waffle based dishes, you are probably expecting something sweet and creamy, made from butter. Which is why the Red Wine Poached Pear is such a delightful surprise. The peeled pear is cooked for hours in red wine and cinnamon until they soak into and colour its outer flesh plum-red. When you cut into it though? White, with the pear’s inner flesh retaining its natural flavour. It is such a lovely contrast of colours and flavours, with the red wine and cinnamon turning into more than the sum of their parts; a thick, red, earthy, sweet juice that is neither wine nor cinnamon. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Triple Dipped Chicken and Waffle You may find Holy Crêpe at: DESSERTS UGX10,000 Red Wine Poached Pear Nutella Banana Trifle Ine Poached Pear 17 Hill Lane Kololo, Tel: +256 754 843 576 45 The Chocolate Chip flavour is particularly interesting as it does not simply include chocolate chips, but whole, chocolate, chip, cookies. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK JAVA HOUSE F rom humble beginnings in Nairobi, Java House recently opened up at Village Mall in Bugolobi and now has 4 branches in Kampala, not to mention 32 outlets in East Africa, Java House is kind of a big deal on the coffee scene. This year they bring a great breadth of knowledge and experience 46 to #KlaRestaurantWeek, offering tried and tested favourites at exclusive prices from the 1st-11th of June. Yes, if you walk into any four Java House branches in Kampala, ask for the green menu and enjoy some of what we had the pleasure of sampling on your behalf. Ahem. Wings are one of those things that most people (who eat meat) can agree on. They have the tender flesh of drumsticks or thighs, are small enough to handle manually without getting too messy, make you work a little to enjoy them and in the case of Java House, are absolutely delicious. The chicken wings are pan-fried in a Creole Sauce with a base of tomato sauce and chillis for a thick, sticky, red coating, garnished with the green of spring onions. Enjoy the hot, savoury, and slightly sweet wings with a small, complementary side of chips. Do not pick up your cutlery just yet, in case you plan on having the Java House Spare Ribs. A rack of very large ribs is presented on a bed of chips, each one glistening with the glaze of barbecue sauce you will undoubtedly be licking off your fingers. Apart from the incredible dexterity it takes to get all the meat off a spare rib with a fork and knife, it is also much more weird to lick your cutlery than your fingers. Licking is inevitable with that sauce. The ribs, meticulously 47 If ice-cream is not quite your thing, try the Chocolate Fudge Cake, an all-black dessert favourite selected so they are neither too fatty, nor too bony, are dry-rubbed with a marinade made from mostly Cayenne pepper and brown sugar, then kept over-night, before being brushed with barbecue sauce and grilled. The outer-most flesh on the ribs is glossy and slightly charred, due to the barbecue sauce, which enhances the smokey-sweet marinade that permeates and tenderises the ribsâ€™ succulent flesh. Though this main course is available with steamed vegetables, mashed potatoes, grilled potatoes etc. as sides, chips are most highly recommended by the chef. The Power Rangers always knew they were stronger when they combined all their Zords, and ice cream is infinitely more delicious when combined with other things (including more ice cream) to make a Sundae. Here we have a trio of flavours consisting of Chocolate, Strawberry and Chocolate Chip. Balance is key and none of these flavours whacks you over the head with sweetness; the strawberry for example, is very floral without being too sweet. The Chocolate Chip flavour is particularly interesting as it does not simply include chocolate chips, but whole, chocolate, chip, cookies. Having been crushed, they give the ice cream an occasionally crumby texture along with the melt-in-yourmouth chocolate chips. If you eat slowly enough, all three scoops begin to melt into each other, creating an indescribable super-flavour. If ice-cream is not quite your thing, try the Chocolate Fudge Cake, an all-black dessert favourite. Layers of medium sponge cake are separated by dark icing sauce known as Chocolate Ganache. Whereas other chocolate cakes such as the Red Velvet and the Black Forest attempt to neutralise their chocolate with whipped cream or mascarpone cheese, the Chocolate Fudge doubles down on its chocolatey notes with the sticky, dark, almost bitter ganache. Try these and more dishes this #KlaRestaurantWeek at Java House! CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 Wings 5 pieces Chefâ€™s Soup of the Day MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Roast Pork Platter With Garden Salad and Chips Choice of Cake Select from: Apple Cinnamon Cake, Assorted Muffins, Apple Pie, Cheesecake, Red Velvet Cake, Black Forest Cake, Chocolate Fudge Cake and Carrot Cake Roast Chicken Swahili Coconut Fish Curry with Rice and Salsa (contains Nuts) Vegetable Curry with Rice and Salsa Old Fashioned Shake Select from: Vanilla, Chocolate, Mango, Pineapple, Banana, Strawberry, Chocolate Chip Cookie, Vanilla Brownie, Tropical Mix, Double Espresso and Double Mocha You may find Java House at 48 Acacia Place, Acacia Avenue, Tel: +256 702 722 653 Shell Service Station Lugogo By-Pass, Tel: +256 751 933 760 Grand Imperial, Shimoni Road, Tel: +256 702 722 537 Village Mall, Spring Road, Tel: +256 754 870 870 49 JINJA SAILING CLUB T his Restaurant Week we are going beyond the city’s borders to bring you some of the best culinary experiences just out of town. On the shores of the River Nile is a club, that is not really a club. No members’ privileges, no members’ subscription, no members 50 at all. The Jinja Sailing Club is where any and everyone is welcome to enjoy a sophisticated meal in the restaurant or drink at the plush bar and we got to sample their exclusive Restaurant Week menu so that you can too. Let us start with the Avocado, Cucumber and Mint soup. This is a trio of mild green ingredients that are The aranchini is served with two dips: fresh cilantro blended into a sour sauce and a papaya relish made from pawpaw leaves and mustard seeds. usually eaten cold and make up a cold soup with Spanish roots that is especially popular for its refreshing qualities. Cucumber and avocado provide colour and texture, while the mint has the most prominent flavour. The grassy green broth is light and creamy, with a sharp herbal edge thanks to the mint and a slightly sweet after-taste that tantalises the taste buds but leaves a tart sensation in the mouth that yearns to be neutralised with subsequent dishes. Another appetizer is the Lentil Aranchini, which is a fusion of Italian aranchini (usually mashed rice moulded into miniature fingers and grilled or deep fried) and Asian ingredients (lentils and cumin, a classic combination). Yellow lentils and basmati rice are mashed, stuffed with gouda infused with cumin, then grilled to a golden brown shade. The aranchini is served with two dips: fresh cilantro blended into a sour sauce and a papaya relish made from pawpaw leaves and mustard seeds. When you take your first crunchy bite, a string of melted cheese stretches between your mouth and the rest of the aranchini. This dish is a particularly great appetiser because cumin is a palette cleanser that gets you ready for more. 51 One of the main courses, a vegetarian entry, is the Zaferrano e Risotto Verde Piselli, which translates into a saffron and green pea risotto. In case you don’t know and are too shy to ask, risotto is an Italian rice based dish, here made with Arbollio and Martelli rice which are thicker grained and slightly more aromatic than basmati. The rice is folded into cheese, peas, saffron and reduced white wine for a thick, creamy substance with the consistency of oatmeal. Though the cheesey flavour, enhanced by wine, is very notable, there is a subtle sweetness, no doubt from the green peas and possibly from the gold emitting saffron. On the more meaty side of this menu is the Beef Saltimbocca, a French-inspired taste of Sardinia. Long strips of grilled vegetables are wrapped in beef fillet marinated with balsamic vinegar and Worcestershire sauce, 52 served with garlic infused mashed potatoes and a peppercorn based sauce. The beef, grilled till its charred and flaky on the outside, and well-done on the inside gives off piney hints of rosemary that complement the smokey, sweet Worcestershire sauce. A sweet end to your meal may come in the form of the Passion Fruit Cheesecake which consists of a layer of crushed wholewheat biscuit, plain cream cheese and passion fruit puree, served on a chilled plate. The appeal of cheese cake has always been the complex combination of pungent cheese and sweetness, whose balance tips slightly in favour of the sweet. The passion fruit gives a tangy after-taste and the delightful sensation of seeds swirling around in your mouth, reminiscent of childhood. It is a slightly different take on a familiar, local staple. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Zafferano E Risotto Verde Piselli Cuisine of Rome, Italy - Saffron and green pea risotto. Sprout and Kidney Beans Salad Green lentil, soaked red kidney beans, iceberg heart, wine vinaigrette. Cumin Gouda Stuffed Lentil Arancini, Cilantro Relish Yellow lentil, rice, cumin, gouda, coriander relish. Seafood Dumplings with Mango Salsa Prawn, mackerel, tuna and pomfret mince, mango, lime juice. Avocado, Cucumber and Organic Mint Soup DESSERTS UGX10,000 Smoked Chicken with Rich Tomato Gravy Northern frontier Indian- tandoori chicken, tomato and honey. Tilapia Papillote De Pommes De Terre Gratin, Puree De Citrouille Et Classical French fusion tilapia paupiette, gratin potato, yellow pumpkin puree and sauce mornay. Passion Fruit and Wine Grape Cheesecake Lemongrass and Clementine Brulee Beef Saltimbocca A taste of sardinia - beef fillet, panache vegetable and beef gravy. You may find Jinja Sailing Club at: Plot 1 – 5 Pier Road, Nile Crescent Jinja, Tel: +256 434 120 222 53 KABIRA COUNTRY CLUB T Fresh mango pureé that is a sharp, slightly tangy contrast to the slightly sweet, marshmallow like “egg white”. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK KABIRA COUNTRY CLUB 54 here are places in the world where “Country Club” means a suburban resort that does everything in its power to keep non-members out; including restricting sign-ups to recommendations by existing members. Mtseew. On the other hand, The Kabira Country Club in Bukoto is a suburban resort with a membership program, but it doesn’t have those bad manners of turning away paying non-members. That is why from the 1st to the 11th of June, you are welcome to feast on their exclusive offerings, some of which we previewed and tasted. Starting off with the appetiser, we were presented with the Creamy Cheese Wrap. Inspired by spring rolls, this dish has a thin philo pastry stuffed with cheese, olives, jalapeño, and deep-fried to a light brown colour, and crispy thin exterior. When you bite into the crunchy roll, the pungent, stretchy cheese is well complemented by the salty olives and given a little heat by the chopped jalapeño. This starter is served with a side of tomato salad (better known as kachumbali) stuffed into an orange peel, bringing a slight sourness to the party and balance to the Force. Flavour. Balance to the flavour. There is a little something for everyone at the Kabira Country Club’s menu, including those who don’t need meat to eat. The Multi-mushroom Primavera with Parsley Rice is a medley of mushrooms and vegetables tossed in a creamy sauce with a dash of Worcestershire Sauce and Tabasco to add a sharp, smoky edge to it. A serving of parsley rice is shaped like a flower with a hollow centre, in which the mushroom sauce is served. It goes without saying that just because a dish is dubbed vegetarian, does not mean it cannot be enjoyed by omnivores, this just means they have more options than the vegetarians do. A more meaty option comes in the form of the Chicken Portfolio with a Garlic & Herb Sauce, served with rice, mashed potatoes and spinach. Portfolio? Yes, the Portfolio is a combination of three cheeses; mozzarella, cheddar and parmesan. The trio of cheeses is mixed with, rosemary, thyme and used to stuff the chicken breast which is simultaneously grilled and steamed. As in at the same time. The tender chicken breast is enhanced by the piney hints of rosemary and pine. Remember the rice, mashed potatoes and spinach? Those are not three sides, they are three layers of one amazing side, that you might 55 not have known worked so well together until you give this dish a shot. The Kabira Club desserts are well-loved classics with a slight twist that makes a world of difference. Take the Mango Cheesecake for example. You have your crumbly chocolate biscuit as a base, your thick creamy layer, and fresh mango for a little fruity flavour. Plot twist: There is no cheese in this cheese-cake. What would have been cream-cheese or mascarpone is instead substituted for yoghurt, egg yolk, sugar and gelatin, which you would not have 56 guessed if we had not told you. Another slight remix is the Egg Panacotta, It makes sense when you see it, something like a hard-boiled egg from a sitcom where the food looks perfect but nobody touches it. The reason why it looks too good to be true? The white part is a mixture of fresh cream, sugar, butter, gelatin, and mascarpone cheese. The “yolk”? Fresh mango pureé that is a sharp, slightly tangy contrast to the slightly sweet, marshmallow like “egg white”. It is served in a basket made from deep-fried spaghetti. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 Crispy Cheese Wraps with Olives, Jalapeno Pepper and Gherkins. MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Chicken Portfolio with Mash Potato, Rice Sauteed Spinach and Garlic Sauce. Parsley Rice with Vegetable Primavera. You may find Kabira Country Club at: DESSERTS UGX10,000 Mango Cheese Cake. Egg Mouse in Nest on base of Crispy Fried Spaghetti. 63 Old Kira Road, Bukoto, Tel: +256 312 227 226 57 KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK KATI KATI former sports club on Lugogo Bypass has gained a wellearned reputation for their Indian food, and returns this Restaurant Week to flex their culinary credentials with a specially curated menu with everything from kebabs to pudding. We stopped by to try out a few of their excitingly presented dishes and to give you an idea of what they have in store when June finally comes around. The appetisers at Kati Kati, though formulated as part of threecourse meals, can also be enjoyed on their own as light snacks that are spins on classic Indian favourites. Take, for example the paneer stuffed with paneer, aptly named the Paneer Roll. A long tube of cottage cheese, better known as paneer in Hindi is hollowed out and filled with finely grated cottage cheese infused with dania, green chilli, lemon and salt. The whole thing is covered in a yoghurt based masala and baked till its yellow is spotted with slight brown charring, chopped into large pieces and garnished with fried potato shavings. This is served with a sweet mint chutney in a hollow cucumber that contrasts the savoury dish with sweetness and zest. In case you crave something meatier to start you off, the Chicken Shashlik is a nonvegetarian starter which consists of heavily marinated chicken roasted in a tandoori (traditional Indian oven) to an enticing red 58 59 Very intriguing is the sushi-looking Chicken Patiala, which gets its name from a city in North India. Chicken is minced into a sort of sausage and wrapped in fried egg... hue. The word “Shashlik” refers to a kebab in most of Asia, and this appetiser’s dry, spicy finish is in keeping with spirit of kebab. It has all the flavour you would usually associate with chicken tikka masala, without the curry, and a much more distinctly smokey, slightly charred taste. This is served with a mint-based chutney and kachumbali. The Magic Kebab is a spicy, heavily herbal combination of chicken, spinach and paneer. The three main ingredients are blended, spiced and balled up into little patties before being fried. One cannot miss the taste of dania, bay leaves and green cardamom which give each crispy, tender kebab a sharp, piney flavour which is unsurprisingly a great match with the mint chutney served on the outside. This appetiser is a shock to the taste buds, preparing them for a flavour packed main course. Very intriguing is the sushi-looking Chicken Patiala, which gets its name from a city in North India. Chicken is minced into a sort of sausage and wrapped in fried egg then cut into pieces sitting in a row between two sauces and garnished with cream. Does it all sound a little intense? It is. Makhini gravy, on the one side, is a tomato based sauce, while Mughla gravy is a cashew-nut based sauce. To experience the complex combination of flavours (light, salty egg; piney chicken, and both gravies), you probably have to eat each piece whole, filling your mouth with an amazing medley of textures and tastes. To finish your meal, try the Carrot Halwa, a traditional Indian favourite (popular throughout the Middle East and the rest of South Asia). Halwa is made from “tahini”, a paste much like peanut butter made from sesame seeds instead of peanuts. Grated carrot gives this halwa an eye-popping orange colour and coarse texture, while its flavour is a delicate balance of the sweet and the salty. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Chicken Shashlik Magic Kebaba Paneer Roll Chicken Patiala Mutton Tamarind Curry Paneer Finger Masala Carrot Pudding Pineapple Halwa You may find Kati Kati Restaurant at: 60 Plot 16-18 Lugogo By-Pass, Tel: +256 776 810 350 61 LA PATISSERIE LA PATISSERIE T he way Italians are renowned for pasta, Belgians are renowned for chocolate and pastries, which are abundant at Acacia Mall La Patisserie (French for “bakery” or “sweet shop”), but are not all they have up their sleeves. This year, they team up with their sister-restaurant, Le Chateau 62 for a combined Kampala Restaurant Week menu. What does that mean? From the 1st to the 11th of June you can pop into either (or both) to enjoy a selection of Belgian dishes ranging from a form of deep-fried cheese to your very own muchomo stand. We had the pleasure of sampling three of these dishes to give you an idea of what to expect from them this June. 63 If starting your meal with something crispy, creamy and cheesy sounds appealing, you will love the Croquettes au Fromage. As you may know from that episode of Dexter’s Lab (or from actually speaking French), fromage is French for cheese, while croquette refers to almost anything edible, deep-fried with breadcrumbs. The pair of patties, coated with goldenbrown breadcrumbs are almost entirely made up of Gruyere, a hard, yellow cheese named after a Swiss area of the same name. Cutting through the crispy exterior, molten cheese oozes out, with a flavour more pungent than cheddar and a thick, lumpy consistency. That, however, may not be the last you see of croquettes as you go on with your meal. Croquettes, of a different variety, have also been incorporated into the Supreme de Poulet Cowboy, a crowd favourite on the Patisserie Menu. You have probably seen the Spaghetti Western films where a couple of cowboys who have been riding all day set up a fire in a cave or on a rocky hillside overnight, with a piece of meat slowly roasted as it is suspended above the flames. That is probably where the Cowboy comes in. Tender, charred, pieces 64 of chicken, with peppers and tomato slices are skewered and suspended above a flaming trough that continues to slowly roast your meat until you desire to snuff it out. Beside the trough, on a rustic, wooden board, are a garden salad, mashed potato croquettes and three sauces; a smokysweet barbecue sauce, a peppery mushroom sauce and a deceptively hot mayonnaise based sauce. This dish was launched at last year’s Restaurant Week to rave reviews, and returns this year with a vengeance (and by “vengeance” we mean a side of mashed potato croquettes instead of chips). As things seem to have gotten lit by the time you get to your second course, we recommend the Crepes Mikado to cool off. Two thin pancakes are used to sandwich a scoop of vanilla gelato, an Italian style ice-cream. The folks at Patisserie are particularly proud of their ice cream that is so silky-smooth that when it melts and is frozen again, it doesn’t get those ice crystals. You know the ones. Though not too sweet itself, the gelato enhances the subtly flavoured crepes and is given a slightly bitter edge by a generous drizzle of chocolate sauce. FINE DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX15,000 MAIN COURSES UGX35,000 DESSERTS UGX15,000 Croquettes au Fromage Cheese croquettes Supreme de Poulet “Cowboy” Spiced beef fillet of chicken skewered on a cowboy plate with supreme sauces and salad. Crêpes mikado Belgian pancake stuffed with vanilla ice cream topped with Belgian hot chocolate sauce. You may find La Patisserie at: Acacia Mall, Kisementi, Tel: +256 794 571 827 65 LIQUID SILK “Silk,” in Uganda, is a word more likely to be used to refer to boozy nights out than to clothing material. The brand has become synonymous with clubbing, live music events and almost every aspect of night-life in Kampala except food. This year, Liquid Silk, a recent addition to the Silk brand is participating in the Kampala Restaurant Week with an exclusive menu we were able to sample and review. Starting off, is the Smoked Salmon and Avocado salad. In this particular case you should probably know, “smoked salmon” is code for raw fish, and it is not going to kill you, because of, well, the “smoked” part. We promise. Sort of. The avocado, served with 1000 Island Sauce balances the sharp saltiness inherent to salmon. It is a classic combination that is hard to hate. Opting for something lighter? The Ginger Butternut Soup is a delicious shade of orange topped with a frothy cloud of crème. The butternut pumpkin-like flavour is boosted by the ginger’s pungent sweetness for a creamy, delightful broth. Remember the Elephants’ Graveyard in Lion King? (Stick with us here, it’s a stretch, but hang on) Now imagine those curvy ribs dressed with tender lamb meat; marinated in fresh herbs and roasted to a crisp on the outside and fleshy tenderness when cut into. The rack of lamb is very impressive. It is served with a sweet barbecue sauce consisting of pineapples, chilli sauce, tomato sauce and lots of peppers which contrasts the lamb’s dense, meaty, saltiness. As with all mains, it comes with either rice, roasted potatoes, French fries, chapatti, plantain and mashed potatoes. The stuffed chicken thing is such a thing now that it is a little surprising, even daring, that Liquid Silk let the chicken breast speak for itself with the Seared KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK LIQUID SILK 66 67 Chicken Breast. What you have is a doublebreast of chicken (that’s before they’re severed in two) grilled until the char lines show, giving it a smoky edge. This is placed atop a red cabbage and pineapple salad which beautifully contrasts the succulent, savoury chicken with the sweet crunch of natural fibre. It is recommended with mashed potatoes, but life is short and the list of side dishes is pretty impressive (read last paragraph). Vanilla ice cream pairs up well with a lot of things, and it shows on Liquid Silk’s dessert menu. It accompanies the Apple Pie; a puff pastry stuffed with caramelised apples, instead of the usual flat, round tart. The pastry is firm and crumbly on the outside, concealing a treasure trove of apples with the sweet earthiness of cinnamon. Served hot, this dessert gains another dimension of deliciousness when enjoyed with ice cold vanilla ice cream. Tara’s Delight, another dessert consisting of two slices of golden vanilla cake is served with vanilla ice cream in a paper thin pastry folded into a rose of sorts. The cake is soft, moist and rich, without being very sweet, which the ice cream easily makes up for. Who is Tara, and what does she have to do with this dessert? We could tell you, but we would rather you went to Liquid Silk and found out yourself this Restaurant Week. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 Smoked Salmon and Avocado Salad Sesame Chicken Salad Ginger Butternut Soup MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Grilled Rack of Lamb served with a blend of Mint and Pan Juice Pork Spare Ribs Seared Chicken Breast on a bed of Forest Mushrooms All the above dishes are served with either rice, french fries, chapatti, mashed potatoes and seasonal vegetables You may find Liquid Silk at: 68 Village Mall, Bugolobi, Tel: +256 706 411 111 Apple Pie Taras Delight Creme Caramel KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK LITTLE DONKEY The peppers provide the most dominant flavour, combining well with the smokey steak and balancing out with the light tasting, crumbly feta. LITTLE DONKEY “The Only Authentic Mexican Restaurant in Kampala.” Not our words, but words worth keeping in mind as you dig into Kisuggu’s best kept secret, Little Donkey. Restaurants have been renowned as convenient fronts for shady business, but The Little Donkey is actually a front for a vocational school where students learn, amongst other things, the art of whipping up a good meal 70 and making some money doing it. Little Donkey is the guacamole-capped-tip of an iceberg working to fill bellies and minds in Kisuggu, but for Kampala Restaurant Week they will be demonstrating their claim to authenticity with an exclusively priced menu of Mexican favourites. Nachos How do you explain Nachos to someone who has never had nachos before? It’s a plateful of corn chips (freshly ground maize, deep fried) covered in melted cheese and guacamole and whatever else you can get on there. And how does one know a good plate of nachos when they see one? It has to be a mess. A mess of melted cheese, of guacamole, salsa, meat or beans. It also has to have the right ratio of ingredients, well distributed, so that the nachos at the bottom of the plate are not dry while the ones at the top drip with cheese and guacamole. Nachos are an exercise in controlled chaos. As you pull a flavour laden chip away from the pile, strings of molten cheese hold on with lax elasticity, and as you chew down on it a chewy, crunchy, delicious riot ensues in your mouth. It is a great meal to share as a starter or to die doing what you love, if you eat it alone. Quesadilla Tortillas (Chapatti’s Mexican cousin) are layered with cheese and salsa that is grilled, melted, cut into triangular slices and served with guacamole and refried beans. To some, it tastes like an inside out margarita pizza, to others, a thin grilled cheese sandwich. The subtle, 71 almost sweet taste of avocado in the guacamole punches up the flavour of this delicious dish, and a liberal dipping of refried beans makes for a filling meal. Steak Taco Remember those nacho chips? Now if the ground maize wasn’t cut up and deep fried, but instead rolled out and grilled, you have the hard shell of the taco, ready to be filled to capacity. The taco shell has a strong, earthy flavour from the use of maize rather than wheat, requiring it to be stuffed with filling that balances it out. Though strips of marinated, grilled steak are the headlining act, they are buffeted in a generous amount of fresh peppers (green, red and yellow), feta and, of course guacamole. The peppers provide the most dominant flavour, combining well with the smokey steak and balancing out with the light tasting, crumbly feta. The Burrito If you are starting to see a pattern of ingredients widely used in Mexican food including guacamole, maize and cheese, do add beans to the list. The black bean variety is used in this burrito is wrapped tightly into a tortilla with cooked rice, beans, shredded chicken and (wait for it) guacamole; served with salsa and chips. Did I mention it is massive? Imagine the thickness of a bundle of four rollexes filled with all the above! As you bite into the soft tortilla, you are met by the warm, soft mush of rice, beans, chicken, avocado and realise they might have to roll you out. The restaurant actually gets its name from this classic Mexican staple, as the direct translation for the word Burrito from Spanish to English is “Little Donkey.” Churros What better way to wrap up a culinary trip to Mexico (cough, Kisuggu, cough) than with churros? Little Donkey’s 72 CASUAL DINING - MENU churros, instead of looking like dark fingers of deep-fried batter, are long, thin, curly and golden brown (they look like onion rings from far). These tendrils of crispy sweetness are fun to share and disentangle as you dip them in either the cinnamon or vanilla flavoured icing sugar dip. Because of the icing sugar, the dip’s surface quickly solidifies into a beautiful, thin film so that you have to crack it open with every dip, making every bite feel like the first. STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Tortilla Chip Homemade ground corn tortilla chips with your choice of either delicious tropical, classic tomato roast, pico de gallo salsas, guacamole or black bean dip Quesadillas A favorite melted gouda cheese and fresh tomatoes, sandwiched between two flour tortillas Enchilada Corn tortillas filled with spicy shredded chicken or beef, covered in red sauce, melted gouda and baked Nachos A generous portion of our homemade corn tortilla chips topped with melted gouda, guacamole and salsa Fish Tacos Nile perch, dipped in our batter and deep fried, covered in delicious cream sauce with cabbage and your choice of Salsa You may find Little Donkey at: DESSERTS UGX10,000 Churros Traditional Mexican deep fried pastry dipped in cinnamon and sugar served with either cinnamon, chocolate or vanilla icing for dipping Plot 4286 Henry Ford Close, Mbogo Rd Kibuli, Tel: +256 414 692 827 73 MEDITERRANEO O n Acacia Avenue is not very old, but has amassed the kind of prestige that can only be attributed to high standards and consistency. The attention to detail one notices in the fine wood-work that makes up the structure of the restaurant and rustic decor is also discernible in their food. As one of the restaurants participating in the Fine Dining category of Kampala Restaurant Week, they have prepared a number of dishes delicately and meticulously assembled to give us a glimpse of 74 the finest culinary experiences Italian cuisine has to offer. We sampled a few choice items off their menu to give you a glimpse of what they have in store from the 1st-11th of June. For an appetiser, we were presented with the Octopus Carpaccio, which we were intrigued by more because of the oyster than the carpaccio. We had no idea what carpaccio was. We now know that it is raw meat cut into paper-thin slices and served with a variety of seasoning and spices. Octopus, however is not the kind of sea-food you eat raw; more because of its very tough, rubbery texture than because it could kill you. After boiling for a couple of hours, the tentacles are stuffed into a tube, which gives them a cylindrical shape, and then sliced really thinly. So thinly, if you laid them on a plate and held them up at eye-level, you couldn’t possibly see them. The octopus slices look beautiful from above, because the squashed tentacles make surreal little rings within the circular slices themselves, and disintegrate along those lines ays eat. The dish is garnished with pomegranates that are bitter in comparison to the surprisingly sweet octopus flesh and paprika along the side of the plate for heat. This is the perfect kind of starter: bursting with flavour and interesting textures, while staying light enough as not to fill one up. For the main course, we had the Tagliolini alle Vongole, a popular Italian pasta dish. Tagliolini is a variation of pasta made of long cylindrical noodles like spaghetti. Unlike spaghetti, however, this is not baked and hardened for preservation, but cooked in its doughy state (so as to become firm, rather than soften), thereby retaining much of its freshness and flavour. The vongole part refers to clams, a shelled up sea-food similar to mussels. Google “mussels” if that explanation didn’t help very much. The clams are prepared 75 Passion fruit juice is frozen and blended with lemonade for something sweet and frosty with beautiful black passion fruit seeds to garnish. in a sauce made from parsley, sun dried tomatoes and extra virigin olive oil, and cook until their shells open up to reveal they fleshy treats they conceal. What you do is empty all the clams and mix their meat into the taglioni and enjoy the flavours of the Mediterranean; light and salty with a hint of garlic and olive oil. One gets the sense, as they enjoy this dish, that its virtues are in its simplicity and restraint; no single flavour overpowers the others, but they all work in tandem for a more nuanced culinary experience. Fine dining is not for everyone; it is for those who appreciate a good balance of flavours, textures and their complex interaction with each other. Finally, the dessert we were presented with was the Tart with Ricotta Cheese, Raspberries and Passion Fruit Sorbet. Ricotta is a soft, fatty cheese (this one made from goatsâ€™ milk) with a light, slightly bitter taste. When sweetened and combined with rasperries to fill a sweet tart pastry it becomes a cheese-cake in essence; combining the sweet and bitter with the subtly cheesy. Sorbet is pretty much ice cream without the cream part. Passion fruit juice is frozen and blended with lemonade for something sweet and frosty with beautiful black passion fruit seeds to garnish. Sorbet is an excellent way to finish a meal, as it is known to assist in digestion for reasons we cannot explain. FINE DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX15,000 MAIN COURSES UGX35,000 Carpaccio di Polpo e Melograno Octopus carpaccio served with pomegranate seeds. Tagliolini alle Vongole Tagliolini pasta in clams scented with white wine. Crostatine di Ricotta e Lampone Ricotta and raspberry tart. You may find Mediterraneo Restaurant at: 76 Off Acacia Avenue, Kololo, Tel: +256 701 098 732 77 MISO GARDEN “Next to Interpol,” is a surprisingly efficient way to direct people who have never been to Miso Garden, to Miso Garden, then, “Yeah, the place with the wooden masks on the wooden sign” and it’s a bingo. Why the masks? Read a little further, it comes up. For the first time, Miso Garden is participating in Kampala Restaurant Week and we had the pleasure of sampling some of their offerings from Korea to Japan. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK MISO GARDEN 78 Starting off, we tried the Prawn Tempura with Assorted Vegetables. If you have seen tempura on a lot of sushi menus but have not connected the dots, it is always the flaky, deep fried ones. Tempura is the Japanese style of battering and deep frying things that never fails. Sure, the battered and deep fried prawn is amazingly soft and crunchy, but so are the battered and deep-fried zucchini, and the battered and deep-fried sweet potato, and the battered and deep-fried carrot. It is served with the golden brown fingers leaning on each other at a single point like the logs of a bonfire, with a pile of golden-brown tempura onion rings right beneath it like the fire’s delicious embers. This starter is served with side dish of tempura sauce made from boiled soy sauce and spring onions. 79 eyes before filling your mouth with the sensation of explosive fried rice goodness. A very different starter is to be found in the Tofu and Kimchi. Tofu, as you may know, is the soft, slightly wobbly white stuff otherwise known as bean-curd made from soy milk that is typically salty. Kimchi is a traditional Korean treatment of cabbage fermented with radishes, leeks, garlic, red chilli salt and fish sauce, for a sour, red and very crunchy result. Together, the two bring each other into balance with the kimchi seeming to enhance the tofuâ€™s subtle flavour, while the tofu seems to neutralise the kimchiâ€™s sour flavour notes. A mix of soft and crunchy, salty and sour, this starter is a great way to await your main course without ruining your appetite. Remember the Teriyaki Boyz from the The Fast & The Furious: Tokyo Drift soundtrack? They have nothing to do with the Chicken Teriyaki at Miso Garden. Teriyaki is another Japanese style of frying, grilling or boiling with a glazed finish. These sweet chicken chunks are 80 balanced with a salty soy flavour and greasy pan fried onions and spring onions. All mains are all served with sides of miso (soup), steamed rice and two pieces of an assortment of vegetables (radishes, cucumber, spinach, carrots) rice rolled up in seaweed, or, as the kids say, sushi. If you have ever seen a Korean barbecue being prepared before the eyes of awe-stricken diners, you know that eating Korean food can be a spectacular experience. The Bibimbap Dolsot, a popular Korean dish, is one such experience. What you see is an earthenware pot filled with rice, topped with a fried egg (sunny side up) and various cooked vegetables such as zucchini, mushrooms, cucumber, bean sprouts, and a deep, red chilli paste. The black earthenware pot is known as dol-dot and retains quite a bit of heat, so that when you mix all your delicious ingredients together, it sizzles from the bottom, feeding your ears and your To finish it off, consider the Korean Honey Cookie (Yakgwa) Served with Green Tea. Yes, green tea; warm, unsweetened and a great contrast for the sweet nuttiness of the honey cookie, a round, brown, sticky, sweet biscuit. Green tea may be an acquired taste, but its digestive benefits after a heavy meal do not discriminate. If not, opt for the fruit cocktail; with its slices of mango, pineapple, watermelon and passion fruit and Sprite. Yes, Sprite. It keeps things peppy. Enjoy a bowlful of crisp fruit with sprinkles of black passion fruit seeds. FINE DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX15,000 Prawn and Assorted Vegetable Tempura Vegetables (sweet potato, carrot and zucchini) with buttered deep fried prawns. Seafood Pancake (Haemul-Jeon) Korean traditional pancake made with assorted vegetables and seafood (prawn, squid) with soy sauce and vinegar dip. Tofu Spicy Fried Kimchi Spicy stir fried Kimchi with Tofu slices (soy bean curd) with soup, steamed rice with two pieces of vegetable roll. MAIN COURSES UGX35,000 DESSERTS UGX15,000 Dol Sot Bi Bim Bap Steamed rice topped with various cooked vegetables i.e zucchini, mushrooms, cucumber and bean sprouts. Fried egg and beef (chicken or without meat) served in a hot earthenware pot with red chilli paste which should be mixed. Fruit Cocktail Sliced assorted fruits (mango, pineapple, watermelon and passion fruit) dipped into the soft drink sprite. Bulgogi (Beef) Sizzling Stir fried Bulgogi (beef in soy sauce marinade) served on a sizzling plate. Ice Cream (Vanilla and Strawberry) with Sweet Red Bean. Chicken Teriyaki Perfectly tender and juicy chicken meat doused in a sweet and savory teriyaki sauce. Coffee or Green Tea with Korean Honey Cookies (Yakgwa). You may find Miso Garden at: Plot 14, Mabua Rd, Kololo, Tel: +256 774 573 501 81 KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK The cooked breast is hollowed out and stuffed with blanched spinach mixed with ricotta cheese and nuts. MUNYONYO COMMONWEALTH RESORT MUNYONYO COMMONWEALTH RESORT W hen people say they are going to Munyonyo, and do not specify where in Munyonyo they are going, it is often assumed it is to the resort formerly known as Speke; Munyonyo Commonwealth Resort. That is where you should be going too, from the 1st to the 11th of June, because as you have probably guessed, they are doing the things. As one of our fine dining participants, the Commonwealth Resort is offering an array of delicately assembled dishes with complex flavours and textures that we had the pleasure of previewing for you. Start your meal on a light note with the Exotic Mango and Avocado Salad. A layer of thinly sliced tomatoes lies beneath a layer of little scoops of avocado, that 82 83 are topped with a layer of tomato, that is topped with a layer of delicately scooped mango and crowned with brittle ring of parmesan and parsley. Mango and avocado are not exactly an intuitive combination, but the tomatoes bring together the slight sourness of pre-ripe mango and the fattiness of avocado. For something a little more substantial, consider the Trio of Cottage Cheese. A large tube of cottage cheese is cut into three, coated in three different sauces then baked in a tandoori and served with a topping of mint, coriander and yoghurt. One of the three sauces is spinach, with the slightly sour, herbal flavour of a mint and coriander medley; a savoury turmeric sauce; and the spicy tikka you might recognise from Chicken Tikka Masala. Enjoy the contrast between crunchy, spicy crust of the tikka pieces and their light-flavoured, soft insides. Getting into Main Course territory, we have a Ugandan twist on an Italian dish, the Cannelloni, a stuffed homemade pasta dish. Pasta, before it is cut into spaghetti, macaroni or fettucine, is pretty much a sheet of dough that can be cut into little rectangles and cooked till firm enough to hold stuffing. What stuffing? Bbuga! The purplish-red ddodo indigenous to Uganda is mixed with mascarpone cheese and corn, then wrapped with the cannelloni stuffing and served with a creamy saffron sauce. Bbugaâ€™s natural saltiness is a natural but unusual pair for the pasta which is lightly flavoured by olive oil and is a great match for the spicy saffron sauce. On the meatier side of things is the Stuffed Chicken Breast. The chicken is prepared as a confit, the name for 84 CASUAL DINING - MENU usually a leg of game cooked in its own fat, but does so using chicken breast in chicken fat. The cooked breast is hollowed out and stuffed with blanched spinach mixed with ricotta cheese and nuts. This is served with risotto, a creamy Italian rice dish with the unapologetic taste of white wine. Amongst other things, the Orange Panna Cotta is a fetching way to end your dining experience on a high note. The orange semi globe is covered by a sheen of glossy orange jelly and has a soft core of fresh cream cooked with orange tang and mascarpone cheese for texture. When you see the bright orange jelly, you might expect this dessert to be unabashedly sweet, but it instead is creamy, slightly sweet and subtly cheesy with hints of vanilla. STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Exotic Mango and Avocado Salad With chunks of avocado, mango and balsamic dressing. Homemade Cannelloni Served with red dodo, corn kernel and mascarpone stuffed cannelloni with classic Italian cheese sauce. Mais E Pomodoro Insalata With corn and fresh tomato with fresh basil Farmed Fresh Chicken Breast With spinach and ricotta stuffed chicken breast, melange of vegetable, confit chicken leg risotto and thyme jus. Tri of Cottage Cheese Tikka With onion, tomato and cucumber salad with mint chutney Black Pepper Crusted Beef Medallion With broccoli almondine, beetroot relish and sphere of potato with rosemary jus. You may find Munyonyo Commonwealth Resort at: DESSERTS UGX10,000 Orange Panna Cotta Orange flavoured thickened cream with gelatin and molded. Tiramisu Made of ladyfinger dipped in coffee layered with a whipped mixture of egg, sugar and mascarpone cheese with kahlua. Banoffee Pie Classic English dessert with caramelized banana cream and chocolate flakes. Wavamunno Road, Munyonyo, Tel: +256 417 716 000 85 MYTHOS GREEK TAVERNA & LOUNGE MYTHOS T hey are known for many things; excellent mixology, great ambience to hang out after hours and a Congolese buffet on Sundays, but most of all, Mythos is the sole outpost for Greek food in Uganda. Mythos IS Greek food in Uganda, and serves as the benchmark by which those who have had it nowhere else make their judgement on Greek 86 cooking in general. No pressure. It is a huge responsibility, but one they are more than equal to. This means that from the 1st to the 11th of June, Mythos will also be the sole representative of Greek cuisine in #KlaRestaurantWeek. We were able to sample some of the dishes on their Restaurant Week menu to give you an idea of what they will have in store. First, the Baked Garides Saganaki. Let us clear a few things up before we go far. probably love it. Guards is Greek for prawns, while Saganaki refers to a style of cooking, especially appetisers, that involves pan-frying in a small skillet. The prawns are baked on their own, then stir-fried in a rich, spicy, tomato and feta sauce. The slightly sour tomato and lightly flavoured feta are excellent buffers for the spices which enhance the prawnsâ€™ fishy pungency. We know, we know. Sea-food is often given the side-eye in these parts, but we encourage people try it out for themselves, and if they happen to hate it, to do so from an informed perspective. Thank us later, because you will Chicken breast wrapped around spinach or some other vegetable is popular for obvious reasons; contrast mildly flavoured chicken fillet with something with a fresh salty bite and you are golden. Mythos takes this principle and switches it up to bring us the Chicken Breast Stuffed With Smoked Salmon. Chicken breast is sautĂŠed and roasted then wrapped around smoked salmon, sliced up and served with a creamy grated avocado sauce. The sharp saltiness of salmon cuts through the slightly charred chicken and combines with the slight tang in the avocado sauce for a light, edgy and meaty mouthful. Enjoy it with a side of buttery basmati rice. Finally, to close your three-course Greek experience, try the Traditional 87 Homemade Apple Pie with Vanilla Icecream. Unlike most other apple pies with plain or lattice style pastry baked over the surface, this is an open faced tart with a very thin base. The apples themselves are mixed with honey and cinnamon, for a smoky-sweet flavour and glazed with a layer of honey all over the top. Whereas the appeal of apple pie has traditionally been the combination of sweet apple filling and buttery pastry, it is here reworked to focus on the apples. It is apples on apples on apples, without the tart base calling much attention to itself, but simply holding all the apples together. Add a scoop of vanilla ice-cream to the picture and relish the hot and cold contrast of this classic dessert. FINE DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX15,000 MAIN COURSES UGX35,000 Prawn Saganaki Prawns baked with tomato sauce, feta and oregano. Chicken Breast Stuffed with Smoked Salmon and Avocado Sauce Baked Feta Oven baked feta cheese, tomatoes, olive oil and chilli flakes. Pork Fillet with Celery in Lemon Cream Sauce You may find Mythos Greek Taverna and Lounge at: 88 Traditional Greek Apple Pie and Vanilla Ice Cream Plot 18 Impala Road. Kampala, Tel: +256 790 916 183 KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK NAWAB BISTRO finely shredded dark green spinach dotted with the red and white speckles of chopped red peppers alongside glistening, orange chunks of cottage cheese. As soon as your fork makes contact with the spinach, you can literally hear the brittle flakes of spinach hiss with static energy and when you taste it, there is an explosion of hot, spicy, nutty and even a slightly sweet after-taste. Whereas spinach is locally boiled to a soggy pulp, this extremely crispy rendition tastes like a whole other vegetable. It is served with paneer (cottage cheese) stir fried with a spicy, thick, reddish orange exterior that retains a creamy white shade inside. The crispy spinach and slightly chewy cottage cheese are great combination, warming up your taste buds for the rest of the Nawab experience. The Mains: NAWAB BISTRO A t the top of Acacia Mall is the new home of The Restaurant Formerly Known As Nawab, now going by Nawab Bistro. What is the difference? Whereas Nawab- Nawab specialised in Indian cuisine, Nawab Bistro expanded its menu to include a fusion of Asian dishes with influences from China to Japan. With a menu designed 90 specifically for Restaurant Week, we sampled a few select items to give you an idea of what they have in store from the 1st to the 11th of June. The Starter One of the more interesting starters on this menu has to be the Crackling Spinach with Chilli Paneer. Crackling? How? It isn’t the sizzling Chinese style platter that comes sputtering, hissing and smoking; but a heap of The crispy beef and chilli plum sauce is an example of the Chinese influence in the Bistro’s fusion formula. While beef based dishes are anywhere from limited to non-existent in most strictly Indian restaurants (for religious reasons), Nawab goes beyond borders to bring you a staple of Chinese restaurant menus, albeit with a little twist. The chunks of reddish brown meat are served with colourful bell peppers, spring onions and a drizzle of sesame seeds. The plum sauce used to give this dish a little moisture and sweetness is reduced to a sticky finish, coating the beef is as crispy as can be given the heavy marinade sinking into the succulent flesh to give it a hot, savoury and sweet relish. Threaded Chicken You would be forgiven for assuming this was some sort of shrimp from a 91 distance. The pink flesh coloured chicken fingers are coated in flour based butter cut into long, thin threads deep fried to golden brown perfection, making them look like tentacles. This is a little different from regular deep fried chicken fingers because the “tentacles” give the breading a more flakey, complex texture. Did we mention how delicious it is? The coating is a little hot, which enhances the chicken’s saltiness and alongside some sweet dip is a delightful finger snack. Deep Fried Icecream If you have never had deep fried ice cream, the very concept sounds like walking on water. If you order it at Nawab, you will be presented with a scoop of vanilla ice cream coated with a nutty outer layer and deep fried to a crisp and garnished with a sprinkling of sim sim and chocolate sauce; served on a green banana leaf. While a number of dry ingredients can be used for the ice cream’s outer layer, crushed nuts complement the sweet vanilla flavour and it all eventually crumbles into a decadent mess of milk, chocolate and nuts. For what is likely to have been a very hot eating experience (unless one requests otherwise), this is the perfect way to cool down and wrap it up. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 Vegetable Dimsum Chicken Dimsum Crispy Thread Fish MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Chicken in Schezwan Sauce Thai Red Curry Vegetable Daarsan Plain Rice will be common for both main course Ice Cream You may find Nawab Asian Bistro at: 92 Rooftop Acacia Mall, Kisementi, Tel: +256 312 562 925 KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK NIMARO NIMARO A s the suburb of Bugolobi becomes increasingly popular as a night-spot, an increasingly prominent player on the thriving restaurant and bar scene is 94 Nimaro. Having been one of the most popular restaurants during the inaugural run of the Kampala Restaurant Week, they return this year with an all new menu; and we had the pleasure of trying out some of what they will have to offer from the 1st to the 11th of June. 95 Where do we start? The Cream of Mixed Vegetable Soup is a combination of carrots, broccoli, cauli-flower and (if you are not told, you will never guess) Irish potatoes; served with toasted homemade rolls. While the carrots give the soup a little colour, the potatoes give it its thickness and the broccoli and cauliflower give its texture a little pulp and are a great source of Vitamin E (because you care). It is a creamy and savoury soup with a slightly sour after-taste that is not served in large enough portions to be filling, but will prime your taste buds for a solid main course. The Chicken Jambalaya has one of the most interesting names on the menu, even if you don’t know what the Jambalaya part means. Just say it out loud. Jambalayaaa. If you are guessing that it has 96 anything to do with jam, you are very far off, but if you are imagining a bunch of stuff delightfully jumbled together, you are right on the money. A combination of sea-food (prawns,) white meat (chicken,) and chorizo, a salty beef sausage is unified by a curry based on Dhana Jeera, a popular spice mix in Indian food for a dish that is spicy without being too hot. Though sausage (in this case chorizo) is traditionally considered essential to a Jambalaya, the star performer has got to be the shrimp; It is beautifully crunchy outside and fleshy inside, preserving its natural pungency that is complemented rather than overpowered by the curry in which it is served. We predict that one of the most popular dishes on Nimaro’s Restaurant Week menu will probably be the Pork Sauté and not just because of Ugandans’ renowned love of pork. Sauté is a French word that literally means “to jump”, but in this context refers to frying quickly in hot fat (which all makes sense if you see your chef toss the contents of his pan into the air behind the scenes). Before you even dig in, you are struck by how very colorful the dish looks, especially with the large green and yellow bell peppers pan-fried with the pork and the green specks of coriander that more than garnish, but bring a strong herbal taste to the dish. Enjoy the tender, savoury pork with accompanying thick, crispy French fries and a slightly sweet basil pesto on the side. CASUAL DINING - MENU MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Saute Pork Pan fried pork with a mixture of vegetables served with Rice, potatoes or salad Chicken Jambalaya A combination of chicken, prawns, and chorizo cooked in spicy sauce served with rice, pasta and mashed potatoes You may find Nimaro Restaurant and Coffee Shop at: Plot 39 Bandali Rise Bugolobi, Tel: +256 773 124 202 97 ...white chocolate isn’t really chocolate. It’s only claim to chocolate is containing cocoabutter, which like Ugandans tying on Lupita Nyong’o’s success, is a bit of a stretch. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK PIATO J ust around the corner from each other are two restaurants that probably often have patrons trying to go to the other accidentally dining with them: Piato and Il Patio. It is an easy mistake to make, but only the former shall be participating in this year’s Kampala Restaurant Week. Piato put together an exclusive menu for the 1st to the 11th of June and we got to preview a few of their dishes so you know what they have in store. Fish/ seafood, with avocado and 98 cocktail dressing (tomato sauce, mayonnaise, nebigenderako) is a reliable combination, but does it work as well when you take the fish/ sea food out of the equation? Yes, because Piato’s Fanned Avocado with Cocktail Dressing is a simple, delicious, not to mention beautiful appetiser with its light green and light pink pastel colour combination. In theory, the eggy flavour of mayonnaise is similar to avocado, but the tomato sauce and (in this case) Tabasco kick this salad’s flavour points up a notch. Is it a salad? Well, it’s cold, it’s got some fruit, it’s got some dressing, it’s a salad. 99 As you delve into the second course of your meal, try the Mexican Chicken Tortilla Wrap. The tortilla part of this equation is a flat bread, a lot like chapatti except that it is fried without oil (wonders never end), and therefore marginally healthier. The chicken tenders it wraps around is cooked in a tomato based sauce with bell peppers, mixed herbs (oregano, thyme, rosemary etc.) and chilli. When you bite into it, you are greeted by a bit more heat and moisture than expected thanks to the chipotle sauce which is here made with a mayonnaise base, tomato sauce, cayenne peppers and Worcestershire sauce for a smoky, sweet edge. The soft, dry, flour sprinkled tortilla holds together the moist, salty, spicy chicken mix competently so that the delicious wrap does not decompose into a delicious mess. Another equally delicious option for the main course is the Coconut Curried Nile Perch Served with Steamed Basmati Rice. Good taste is not a democracy and the fact that Tilapia is the most popular fish in Uganda, yet Nile Perch has more moisture, a stronger flavour and easier bones to pick is testament to this. Here, Nile Perch fillet is only grilled with a little seasoning of salt and pepper, rather than herbs so as not to obscure its flavour; it is finally strategically plated so you can taste the fish with and without curry. The coconut curry itself is made with a base of coconut milk, flour for thickness, turmeric for colour and of course, garam and jeera masala, for curry street cred. It is, altogether, a thick, spicy curry with the heavy flavour of coconut milk; a fish of 100 the river coming together with a recipe from the coast coming together in the best way. Finally, the Double Chocolate Truffle is a worthy way to close an excellent meal. Here we have two types of chocolate; white chocolate and dark chocolate melted, mixed with gelatin, glucose syrup and fresh cream, chilled and then topped with whipping cream and a cherry. Fun fact: white chocolate isn’t really chocolate. It’s only claim to chocolate is containing cocoa-butter, which like Ugandans tying on Lupita Nyong’o’s success, is a bit of a stretch. The white chocolate’s sweetness balances out the dark chocolate’s bitterness, for a well-balanced truffle with the soft, shaky texture of panna cotta. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Apple Crumble with Vanilla Ice Fresh Onion Soup Served with a Cheese Crouton Fanned Avocado with Cocktail Dressing Mexican Chicken Tortilla Wrap with a Salad Garnish Coconut Curried Nile Perch Fillet served with Steamed Basmati Rice Cream and Strawberry Sauce Hazelnut Praline Ice Parfait compliment with Butter Scotch Seasonal Fruit Platter Double Chocolate Truffle You may find Piato Restaurant at: Plot 20, Lumumba Avenue, Tel: +256 312 516 388 101 PINEAPPLE BAY T his year Kampala Restaurant Week is looking beyond the city’s borders to bring you exquisite dining experiences from as far as Bulago Island. As you ease into Pineapple Bay, you see Moroccan style buildings and cottages in the water awash in a pinkish-orange Provençal hue. Oh, and there is a crocodile slithering in the water along the shore just to keep things interesting. The resort is serving up more than breathtaking vistas and rustic decor with a selection of dishes from pink soup shooters to dessert in nests and we had the pleasure of previewing (and pre-tasting) them. Kick off your meal with a Shot Of Gaspacho, which is a Spanish soup that is especially popular in warmer months. The combination of tomato and basil that makes for a taste akin to Bolognaise sauce which is neutralised and has its consistency thickened by cucumber. Served in a shot glass, it is accompanied by bread-sticks and any two of Pineapple Bay’s signature dip trio; pea hummus, guacamole and tzaziki (a Greek spiced yoghurt mix). For a starter with a little more fibre, opt for the Equatorial Waldorf Salad. While the original Waldorf is a salad with chicken, walnuts and grapes, this local spin incorporates chicken, pineapple, mango, cashew nuts and a zesty white salad that balances the salad’s sweetness and nuttiness. When dining at a lake-side resort, fish may seem like the intuitive choice for your main course, and the Swahili Fish is certainly a delicious choice. Half a coconut is lined with a green banana leaf, filled with fish KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK PINEAPPLE BAY 102 103 curry and garnished with a sprig of parsley and an eye-popping red chilli. The spicy, creamy sauce has the light colour of thai green curry and the coconut heavy flavour of the African East coast. A wide, thin slice of light tart pastry is topped with a sweet and subtly bitter, soft, smooth upper layer of batter served cold. Ugandans (who are not muslims) have often been stereotyped as lovers of pork, which will not be helped by Pineapple Bay’s roasted Crispy Pork Belly. The belly of pork which is more fatty and tender than the rest of the pig is slowly oven-roasted as it is steamed for 6-7 hours so that it has an almost crispy top layer and much more tender bottom. This dish does not need much more marinade than mudalasin and bay leaves to enhance the pork’s inherent saltiness. It is served with braised red cabbage infused with cumin, sugar, wine and apple cider for a subtly sweet and slightly zesty flavour to go up against the salty pork. Vegetarian? Yes? No? The Vegetable Tagliatelle is for you even if you are not. Tagliatelle is a flat, long noodle that looks like strips of pale white tape, made on site every day so that its fresh ingredients are discernible in its taste. The tagliatelle is boiled, but never over-cooked, till it gains a firmer texture and mixed in with a combination of basil and rocket pesto that gives it a lingering herbal flavour. The dish is finished off with the ever essential parmesan cheese. As you wind down your meal, try the Creme Caramel in a Nest, a dessert that tastes as dark and complicated as it looks. A couple of eggs are whipped into a little milk with vanilla to make the soft, wobbly créme that is drenched in a caramel sauce made from sugar cooked so long that it is smokier than it is sweet. The brittle nest that surrounds it was sugar in its past life. A little simpler (and by that we mean simply delicious) is the Lemon Tart. A wide, thin slice of light tart pastry is topped with a sweet and subtly bitter, soft, smooth upper layer of batter served cold. FINE DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX15,000 MAIN COURSES UGX35,000 Appetizer Shot of gazpacho served with guacamole, cowpea, hummus and smoked aubergine dip with breadsticks. Swahili Fish Nile perch simmered in aromatic fresh coconut cream and sweet pepper served with ginger rice and chilli sauce. Sesame, Chilli, Tilapia and Sweet Potato Croquettes Served with curried pineapple, pickled daikon and nam prik dressing. Equatorial Waldorf Salad Grilled chicken strips, pineapple, roasted cashew nuts and mango on bed of garden salad leaves served with lime dressing. Creek of Leek and Potato Soup with Roasted Garlic Served with herbed croutons. You may find Pineapple Bay at: 104 Crispy Pork Belly Slow oven roasted pork with creamy mash, cabbage braised in red wine with raisins served with mustard sauce. Tagliatelle Verde Fresh homemade pasta in a creamy basil and rocket pesto topped with roasted cherry tomatoes, wild rocket leaves and parmesan. DESSERTS UGX15,000 Bitter Sweet Cream Caramel with Sugar Nests Island Curd Tartlet Made from fresh lemons and limes served warm. Pineapple Bay Crumble A cinnamon spiced oat crumble coating warm homegrown pineapples served with vanilla custard. Bookings: Plot 15, Binayomba Road, Bugolobi Bulago Island, Tel: +256 772 489 497 105 PIZZA CONNECTION PIZZA CONNECTION L ocated on the second floor of Oasis Mall, Pizza Connection is not just a pizzeria. We repeat, Pizza Connection is more than just a pizzeria. It is a lot like how DJ Khaled is record producer, occasional vocalist, entrepreneur, Snapchat Guru 106 and Keeper of The Keys, but simply goes by “DJ”. It is an Italian restaurant that serves up a variety of Italian dishes, one of the most popular so happening to be pizza. Taking part in the Casual Dining category of this year’s Kampala Restaurant Week, Pizza Connection is serving up an exclusive menu of dishes that does not include pizza. Let us begin with the Arrostocini di Capra con Insalata di Stagione. Do not be intimidated. This appetiser comprises of goat’s meat on a skewer, served with a garden salad. Arrostocini is a style of roast from Abbruzco, the hilly South Eastern region of Italy inundated with goats. The goat’s meat is seasoned lightly with salt and pepper, then grilled to a dark tenderness. The stagione is made with soft lettuce, seasonal vegetables, camembert (a rich, soft cheese) and drizzled with a dressing made with vinegar and mustard for a refreshing salad that cleans the palette and prepares you for the main course. 107 For the main course, you may opt for the Rotolino di Pollo, Spinaci e Fontina in Salsa di Mostarda which is chicken breast with blanched spinach and fontina, a cheese popularly used in sandwiches because of how easily it melts. The spinach and cheese are rolled into the chicken and fried in butter, then finished in the oven and served with a dijon mustard sauce. The cheese seems to melt into the chicken which is a nice shade of brown on the outside; as the dense pocket of spinach, boiled lightly to preserve its flavour and texture gives the chicken dish most of its salty flavour. The stuffed chicken is served with dijon mustard sauce which is bitter with a subtle bitterness, giving it an overall more dynamic flavour profile. The final dish, a cheesecake, gives us a more Americanised version of the originally Italian dessert. What makes an American cheesecake any more different from an Italian cheese cake? The base for one. Whereas Italian cheese-cake is usually prepared with a tart lining it, American cheese-cakes, like this one right here, use a layer of crumbled biscuits as the base. The creamy white cheesy mass is also punctuated by chocolate chips and topped with a layer of chocolate. As you scoop a mouthful of it, you can feel the richness of the cheesecakeâ€™s structure, but are not overwhelmed by its sweetness. The Pizza Connection cheesecake balances the sweet and the cheesy so well that the resulting flavour becomes its own thing entirely. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Arrosticini Dâ€™Agnello Seared Lamb Skewers. Rotolino di Pollo, Spinaci e Fontina in Salsa di Mostarda Chicken rolls filled with spinach and fontina cheese served with a mustard sauce. You may find Pizza Connection at: 108 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Chocolate Cheesecake Creamy philadelphia chocolate cheesecake loaded with choco chip and cookies Garden City, Yusuf Lule Road, Tel: +256 776 220 022 KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK PROTEA HOTEL T he Kampala Protea Hotel is part of a continent-wide chain of hotels from South Africa, to Nigeria, to Uganda, and a number of countries in between. As participants in this year’s Kampala Restaurant Week, they bring the concept of “local ingredients, international ideas” to life with a range of dishes we had the privilege of previewing for you. 110 Muchomo is a universal human phenomenon and a great appetiser. Since the stone ages people have been burning meat on a stick and loving it, so the Protea hotel gives us a taste of this fail-safe principle with their Jerk Beef Skewers. “Jerk” refers to both a Jamaican style of cooking, wherein meat is marinated and the spice-mix with which it is marinated. At the Protea, light brown chunks of are placed on skewers, alternating with vivid green and yellow peppers. This is served These ladyfingers are semi-sweet, finger-like biscuits that are soaked in coffee, then carefully layered, alternating with mascarpone cheese and served chilled. 111 with a side of gonja chips and a peanut sauce whose slight sweetness tames the spicy muchomo. Alternatively, one may begin their meal with the Flash Fried Calamari with Teriyaki Tartar Sauce. Calamari rings are coated in a spiced butter and then flash fried, which means: fried really quickly at a really high temperature. It’s lit. Tartar is a popular sauce for fish and seafood derived from mayonnaise, but this time is mixed in with Teriyaki sauce, a popular Japanese sauce, for a salty, cross-national twist. Your next stop on this culinary trip around the world is South Africa, if you decide to have the Bobotie for your main course. Though a national dish may be a contentious issue in a country as diverse as South Africa, this complex combination of flavours and textures is at the very least an interesting metaphor for this diversity. Bobotie is basically a sweet and spicy mince of either lamb or beef (in this case, beef) baked with a topping of eggy butter and baked till the surface browns over. It is served with delicious creamy spinach, yellow rice and pumpkin fritters; pureed pumpkin made into a butter (with a touch of cinnamon) and deep fried to produce lumpy brown treats. 112 Having gone around the world for their culinary inspiration, it is refreshing that the Kampala Protea Hotel came back home with the Smoked Chicken In Banana Leaves with Karo. Chicken pieces, with tomatoes and a few vegetables are wrapped up in banana leaf and smoked to give them the unmistakable aroma of Luwombo. This is served with millet bread, better known as karo. It is strange that we are as impressed as we are about local food on the menu of a swanky international hotel, but maybe that just says a lot about prevailing attitudes to local food. Finish strong with the Proteas Tiramisu, an Italian cheesecake of sorts, made with ladyfingers and mascarpone cheese. In some parts of the world, “lady’s fingers” refers to okra, or gumbo, a green vegetable. Wrong number. These ladyfingers are semisweet, finger-like biscuits that are soaked in coffee, then carefully layered, alternating with mascarpone cheese and served chilled. The result is a multi-textural dish with soft, frosty mascarpone cheese and crunchy lady fingers with the lingering taste of coffee, which is known to be great for digestion, but most importantly in this case, is delicious. FINE DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX15,000 MAIN COURSES UGX35,000 Chicken Chowder Chicken sweet corn lemongrass and coconut milk. Flash Fried Calamari with Teriyaki Ta Tare Calamari rings dusted with five spice served with a soy infused relish. Jerk beef Skewers Jamaican style beef with peanut sauce and plantain chips. Smoked Chicken with Karo and Nakati A stew of chicken and tomato roasted in banana leaves served with millet bread and greens. Cured Pork with Chinese Cabbage and Mustard Mash Pork loin with sweet apricot juice, cabbage fried with bacon and mash flavored with grainy mustard. Lamb Bobotie Traditional Cape Malay dish of minced lamb in mild curry spices with fruit and nuts baked with a savory egg topping served with pumpkin fritters, creamed spinach and yellow rice. You may find Protea Hotel at: DESSERTS UGX15,000 Cape Brandy Tart Traditional South African baked pudding featuring dates and a brandy sauce accompaniment of Amarula ice cream. Mint Creme Brulee Mint infused egg custard with crisp caramel topping and fresh berry accompaniment. Tiramisu Cappuccino soaked ladyfingers with mascarpone and fresh cream. 8 Upper Kololo Terrace, Tel: +256 312 550 000 113 PRUNES O n Wampewo Avenue is probably best known as a brunch location, but their fare goes far beyond breakfast foods and this is no more evident than on their Restaurant Week menu. They bring us a wide variety of innovative dishes from stuffed eggplant and tortilla wrapped spring rolls to rice burgers and we sampled a few dishes to give you a snippet of what they have to offer from the 1st to the 11th of June. 114 The Appetizers: If you are on Instagram, you have probably seen this at some point: an aerial shot of a plate of toasted whole wheat bread with alltoo-symmetrical slices of vividly green avocado garnished with nuts and/ or honey and served on a chopping board (because plates are too mainstream) with white rose petals for no reason #brekkie #healthy #nomnomnom. If you never thought to bring this instagram meme to life yourself, the good folks at Prunes have done it for you with this crunchy light appetiser. The crispy fresh toast and cold, smooth avocado bring more texture than flavour, but are well covered for by the sprinkling of very strong-tasting goat cheese and the sweet contrast of honey. Not only is this none-too-filling breakfastlike experience a great way to start off the day, but also a great way to kick off a hearty three course meal any time of the day. #foodporn Another great appetizer comes in form of the Taquitos, a spring-roll like contraption filled with Cajun spiced vegetables deep fried and served with a sweet/ spicy dip. If the name brings tacos to mind, it is because the pastry in which the veggies are fried is a tortilla wrap instead of the almost paper thin stuff usually used for spring rolls, which gives it a thicker body without sacrificing the crunch you may expect. As you bite into it and taste the herbaceous vegetable flavour, you may be surprised by the melty cheddar cheese and will definitely enjoy the dipâ€™s added dimension of sweetness.Â 115 Sometimes the eyes eat before the mouth does, and the stuffed eggplant is definitely laden with optical nutrition. The eggplant is stuffed with mixed meat and wrapped in a salty pastry, deep fried till flaky and halved with the stalk left intact, sticking up into the air. The two eggplant halves are surrounded by a moat of tomato and basil based sauce punctuated with beautiful black olives that combines well with the minced meat for a sensation reminiscent of Bolognese sauce without pasta. Another meaty main comes in the form of the coffee-rubbed steak. What? Yes, 200 grams of lean beef fillet marinated with ground Prunes signature coffee chilli powder, paprika, oregano, coriander and ginger. Yes, it tastes as explosive as it sounds, with an immediate blast of chilli before the smoky, spicy and flavour sets in. The meat thing is not really your thing? Prunes has that covered with the rice burger. Unlike the ramen burger that utilised two minute noodle cakes as buns, this uses rice 116 cakes with eye-catching black sim sim seeds for buns and filled with seasoned lettuce, tomatoes, mushrooms, mayonnaise and a layer of fresh guacamole. Enjoy the crunchy, light sandwich as you ponder what makes a burger a burger. Is it still a burger without bread or a patty? Wonders never end. Finally, the chocolate bomb is a great way to conclude your three course Prunes experience. It is a martini glass filled with quartered chocolate brownie cubes, vanilla ice cream and caramel sauce. Is the “bomb” part because the martini glass evokes Cold War, James Bond vibes or because its taste is the bomb? You decide. The salty-sweet contrast in the brownies is enhanced by the sweet vanilla ice cream and salted caramel sauce, for a wellbalanced finish that should not leave you with a toothache. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 All Vitamins Fresh toasted homemade bread, avocado, goat cheese, crushed almond and honey drizzle. Coffee-Rubbed Steak Our famous lean and tender 200gm beef fillet marinated with our own signature ground coffee, chilli powder, paprika, dried oregano, coriander and ginger served with pan fried mushrooms and a steamed vegetable bouquet. Chilli Chocolate Cake Our famous dark chocolate with a spicy touch... Taquitos Deep fried tortilla rolls filled with marinated cajun veggies, smoky cheddar sauce, corn, carrot, bell pepper and mushroom served with cajun sauce. Meat The Eggplant Minced meat stuffed with roasted eggplant covered with puff dough mixed with celery, bell peppers, garlic, spring onions and hot tomato sauce. Cilantro Chutney Chicken Boneless chicken thighs, coriander chutney, onions, fresh green chilli, garlic and ginger, ground turmeric, lemon juice and peanuts. Victoria’s Secret Raw zucchini with cucumber, fresh tilapia fillet on top with fried onions served with lemon dijon mustard sauce. Rice Burger White rice, guacamole sauce, tomato, iceberg lettuce, mushrooms and bell peppers with light mayo. You may find Prunes Restaurant and Coffee Shop at: Chocolate Bomb! Chocolate brownies mixed with homemade caramel sauce, vanilla ice cream and crushed almonds. Fitness Cake Flourless mango cake for our healthy people only. Plot 8 Wampewo Avenue, Tel: + 256 772 712 002 117 RIDERS’ LOUNGE RIDERS’ LOUNGE W henever Riders’ Lounge comes up in conversation around these parts, it is usually in the context of late nights revolving around the bar and dance floor, but a little lesser known is their kitchen. This year Riders’ Lounge steps up 118 to the plate as more than just an excellent lounge or club experience, but also an outpost of culinary awesomeness, with their participation in the second edition of the Kampala Restaurant Week. We sampled a few of the dishes on their exclusive menu to give you a glimpse of what they will have to offer from the 1st to the 11th of June. 119 To start off, you may go with a Classic Nicoise Tuna Salad which is a combination of leafy vegetables, tomato chunks, black olives, hard boiled eggs, tiny whole Irish potatoes and, of course, tuna. With a light vinegar based dressing, the taste of the various ingredients is never obscured, but enhanced. Another appetiser to prepare your taste-buds is the Buttered Sardine Loaf, a dish that combines the look of a sushi roll with a flavour more often associated with sandwiches served at/with/for High Tea. Tuna and tilapia are rolled up into paper-thin cucumber and chopped into four sushi-like pieces, then elegantly arranged with wispy, tall stalks of fried spaghetti. The cold cucumber, which plays the role of the sea-weed in this sushi metaphor makes for a crunchy exterior, while the lightly flavoured tuna and stronger tasting sardine core make for a very soft interior. The tuna and cucumber combination reminds one of the kind of cold sandwich served at the kind of tea party where people actually sip tea with their pinkie fingers sticking up; light on the taste buds and light on the tummy, but still interesting to munch on. A number of meaty dishes are on the roster for Riders’ Restaurant Week menu ranging from chicken stuffed with bacon and cheese, to beef stuffed with beef. However, for something a little less intense, the Lime and Dill Marinated Tilapia is a delicious option. Tilapia fillet is grilled to a lightly singed brown shade after being rubbed down with an unimposing marinade that enhances the fish’s own flavour, but the entire dish flourishes due to its accompanying sauce. Lime and dill 120 are the flavour base of a creamy sauce with a zesty and slightly herbal edge that not only lubricates but also supplements the fish. These are stuffed by what is referred to as Matooke Mash. What is the difference between Matooke Mash at the Riders’ and, you know, the mashed yellow stuff we just call Matooke? Here, the Matooke is diced, steamed and mashed, then mixed in with a little butter and cream that makes it a little more smooth and moist, so that your side dish will not have been dehydrated and hardened by the time you get back from the bathroom. The Matooke Mash can also be served as an accompaniment for Rolled Chicken with Wild Mushroom Jus. What that name does not tell you is that the chicken is a cut of breast stuffed with a layer of ham, a layer of bacon and a central core of gooey mozzarella cheese that balances out the bacon’s salty flavour. Finally on the menu is the understated Beef Olive with Creamy Pepper Sauce and Dauphinois Potatoes. “Beef Olive” doesn’t tell you that you are dealing with beef fillet batted to tenderness, wrapped into a roll stuffed with minced meat (yup) infused with olives, garlic, onions, cooked sous vide (under pressure) and grilled. The result is a beeflover’s fantasy with what tastes like a beef sausage wrapped in a steak with a creamy peppery sauce that complements the grilled beef’s smokey affectations. The Dauphinois potatoes are a stack of thinly sliced irish potatoes with cream and cheese in between them; cheesy, starchy decadence. For a sweet finish, you may go with Chocolate Pudding with Cinnamon Icecream. The pudding itself? Imagine a dark, slightly bitter cake that is baked on the outside but soft and gooey on the inside, oozing molten chocolate. It is served warm with cold cinnamon flavoured ice-cream for a combination of sweet chocolate, and earthy, spicy cinnamon that is complementary in taste but contrasts delightfully in temperature. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Avocado and Mango Salad With Tangy Mint Vinaigrette Lime and Dill Marinated Tilapia on Mashed Matooke Rolled Chicken with Wild Mushroom Juice With ham, bacon and cheese Chocolate Pudding with Vanilla Ice Cream Classic Tuna Nicoise Salad Buttered Sardine Loaf Sardine, cucumber and pepper paint Beef Olive with Creamy Pepper Sauce and Dauphinoise Potatoes Aubergine Lasagna with Two Sauces You may find Riders Lounge at: Ebony and Ivory Silken Mousse Orange Crepe, Pepper Grilled Pineapple with Cinnamon Ice Cream Acacia Place, Kololo, Tel: +256 775 620 359 121 halfway, tantalising their taste buds to ask for more. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK SAFFRON SAFFRON I s the Midas of cooking spices. The wispy red threads do not have a distinctive taste of their own but enhance the flavour of whatever they are added to, as well as shedding a distinct golden pigmentation. It is also the name of an Indian restaurant across the road from Lohanna Academy in Kisementi that has also morphed into a hangout and meeting spot. From the 1st-11th of June, they shall be rolling out a specially priced bevy of Indian favourites, some of which 122 we had the pleasure of sampling. Reading like a list of Chris Brown singles, Saffron’s menu is a collection of pop dishes with mass appeal, such as the Chicken Lollipops. These are the perfect starter. The foil paper wrapped around the exposed bone from where the chicken is rolled down make sure this is finger food that does not actually get your fingers dirty; the chicken flesh itself seems to slide right off the bone so that it is gone before you know it; and the mildly hot coating meets chilli-averse diners is easily punctured to reveal hot, moist, aromatic, colourful, flavourful rice with a generous amount of mutton randomly sticking out of it here and there. Yoghurt is an important part of this dish that is added as the rice cooks for moisture and served on the side for a delightful contrast of sourness. The next chicken dish on the menu was declared Britain’s national dish. Whether this said more about Britain’s legacy of cultural appropriation or the diverse cultural milieu that makes up its citizenry, we can all agree that it says Chicken Tikka Masala is an international phenomenon. Thick chunks of chicken breast prepared in a clay oven beforehand are mixed into a tomato and yoghurt based curry for what has become the poster boy for Indian curries worldwide. It is best enjoyed with a butter naan, but rice is also available. Transcending the popular label of rice as a side dish, is the Mutton Biryani. West Africans have Jollof Rice, East Africans have Pilao, the Spanish have Paella and for Indians have Biryani. Served in a little pot, the Biryani is sealed underneath a thin layer of baked chapatti dough lining its lid that Finally, Gulab Jamun; one of the most popular Indian desserts and sweet foods and a worthy way end to a session of Indian dining. Gulab Jamun is made from milk powder deep-fried in ghee and soaked for hours in sugar syrup. The direct translation of Gulab Jamun into English is “RoseBerries”, deriving its name from the berrylike appearance of the tender balls and the floral aroma of the sugar syrup in which they are finished and served. The sensation of the sweet, spongy ball melting in your mouth often catches people by surprise the first time they try Gulab Jamun, which often is not their last time. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Mutton Biryani served with Rice and Naan Mull Makubi Seek Chicken Biryani Served with Naan and a soda. You may find Saffron Authentic Indian Restaurant at: DESSERTS UGX10,000 Gali Ka Halwa Plot 5 Sturrock Road (Behind Acacia Mall), Tel: +256 750 999 555 123 THE EXPLORER RESTAURANT T he Kampala Serena Hotel boasts of three restaurants, of which The Explorer shall be participating in this yearâ€™s Kampala Restaurant Week. The cozy, dimly lit restaurant decorated with rustic, colonial influences specialises in Italian cuisine and we had the pleasure of tasting and shooting some of the dishes they have available exclusively from the 1st to the 11th of June. A quick browse of the appetiser menu will reveal plenty of gnocchi, and we assume we are not alone in having had no idea what it was. Gnocchi is an Italian dish, here made with mashed potatoes, flour and parmesan, rolled up and cut into squishy little toffee-like lumps. It is the headlining act in the Gnocchi with Spinach Pesto, the latter being made from spinach, onions, garlic and a basil-heavy pesto sauce that gives the sticky mashed potato lumps a salty, herbal edge. You will also see the dough like pellets in Gnocchi with Boer 124 ...our fish is seasoned with salt and pepper and marinated in a combination of onions, garlic, ginger, coriander, dill, carrot, soy sauce, fresh herbs and lemon juice. Sausages. Here it is served in a creamy Italian cheese sauce (parmesan, hazelnuts, spinach, basil) and boerewors, a South African sausage with Afrikaans origins. Eaten out of a bowl, it feels like a salad, without any of the leafy green or fruity stuff. 125 preserved ham) gives this fish dish a kick of saltiness to disrupt its well-balanced, slightly floral flavour profile. If you haven’t already had enough pasta, give the Tortellini a shot. Here, the roseshaped pasta is multi-coloured with red, for example, getting its colour from beetroot. The tortellini is filled with calamari, prawns, dill and mozzarella, which oozes out of the pasta when cut. It is served atop a bed of red cabbage with a sweet after taste and a gorgonzola sauce made from gorgonzola cheese. This dish does not look like a whole lot in volume, but the firm pasta and rich The appetisers are not all gnocchi though, and pasta often makes a light, delicious beginning to a meal. Consider the Spinach and Ricotta Ravioli for one. A combination of spinach and ricotta, a light cheese, is stuffed into little pillows of pasta, then served with tomato and basil salsa, topped with parmesan cream. What about those colours, you ask, what’s that about? Using a spinach puree or turmeric, the usually pale off-white ravioli is turned either green or yellow. Getting into the main part of the meal, one may go the seafood route with a Squid & Prawn Risotto. Whereas Italian cuisine is known for just slightly undercooked pasta, it shows us the delight of soggy, slightly over-cooked rice with risotto. The squid and prawns have such a strong flavour, all they need is a light seasoning of salt, pepper and 126 sauce make this a surprisingly filling dish. Standing side by side, at the end of your meal, could be the White Chocolate and Mascarpone. White chocolate is chopped, melted and made into a ganache, while the mascarpone cheese is whisked with icing sugar, egg whites, cream and finally shaped as a cone. They both have a jellylike softness and the mascarpone rightly tastes like cheese cake without the crumbly biscuit base. Don’t sleep on that mango garnish either, its slight sourness is a great compliment to the dish’s varying sweetness. lemon juice, before they are pan-seared, baked in an oven and drizzled with butter and parsley. This is all brought together by the spicy red pepper salsa which uses heat, zest and pungency to unite the rubbery, crunchy seafood and the creamy risotto. Here’s the thing, we know not everybody is down with seafood (possibly due to our lack of seas), but we know almost everybody is down with lake food and Grilled Tilapia with Prosciutto is just the thing. Before it is popped onto the grill, our fish is seasoned with salt and pepper and marinated in a combination of onions, garlic, ginger, coriander, dill, carrot, soy sauce, fresh herbs and lemon juice. The grilled fillet is served with an orange gravy derived from orange sauce, fish sauce and the discernible, fish-friendly white wine. Accompanying rolls of prosciutto (a FINE DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX15,000 Gnocchi with Spinach Pesto Sauce With Parmesan Cheese and Basil Olive Oil MAIN COURSES UGX35,000 Prawn and Squid Risotto With garden peas, red pepper salsa and courgette tasting. Grilled Tilapia with Prosciutto Served with baby vegetables, basil new potatoes, orange and oregano gravy. Spinach and Ricotta Tortellini Set ob braised red cabbage, basil and parmesan cream. You may find The Explorer Restaurant at: DESSERTS UGX15,000 Classical Italian Tiramisu Warm Dark Chocolate Fondant With vanilla ice cream. Kampala Serena Hotel, Kintu Road, Nakasero, Tel: +256 414 309 000 127 THE SEVEN SEAS RESTAURANT SHERATON HOTEL T he Seven Seas Restaurant will be the scene of this year’s Kampala Restaurant Week at the Sheraton Hotel serving up a delectable selection of dainty but surprisingly filling meals. Rousing the age old question of what constitutes fine dining, The Seven Seas serves up a range of delicately balanced meals that are beautiful to behold, aromatic, and of course, delicious exclusively available from the 1st to the 11th of June. Let us start with the soup; a chilled salmajero with quail egg, olive oil infusion, smoked thyme croutons and prosciutto. The 128 Salmarejo soup is a Spanish export made from eggs, bread, tomatoes and olive that manifests into a thick orange broth. The soup gets its colour as well as its slight sour after-taste from the tomatoes and eggs (think mayonnaise’s subtle tangy affectations). Though soups are renowned for their warming capacity in cold weather, the Salmarejo is best served cold, and can be thoroughly refreshing on a hot day, especially considering its sharp flavour. To boot, a few paper-thin slices of prosciutto (a dry cured ham) served on the side compliment the dish with a salty edge and the thyme infused croutons contribute a little crunch. 129 Moving on, we have the Sweet Corn and Lobster Terrine, a starter accompanied by a bevy of bite-sized edibles and droplets of sauce arranged and served like an abstract painting on a ceramic platter. The central part of the dish is the terrine, a thin layered block with lobster and leek which dominate its flavour profile but is sandwiched by sweet corn and cheese that balance the taste of the sea with a little salty sweetness. It is topped with a black olive tapenade, a little black lump of olive-based saltiness that pushes the terrine’s well balanced flavour out of its comfort zone. Served with the terrine is a little tuna carpaccio, light pink slices of fresh raw tuna coated in coriander and eaten with the tomato puree and avocado mustard cream that disguise the raw flavour, but never impede its fleshy texture. Are you wondering about the little translucent cubes? Proseco jelly; made from champagne and salt, it is subtly salty with a distinct wine-like after taste which is an especially delightful surprise if one usually associates jelly with unbridled sweetness. Does it seem like a lot? It and it isn’t. As a three course meal, these dishes add up to a substantially filling experience. Though the quantities are not massive, the catalogue of flavours with every dish is expansive and detailed so that every bite is a complex mouthful. Take the crunchy spinach and ricotta pie; a round, light green mound layered on top of a round piece of whole wheat bread and served with dehydrated yoghurt and cherry tomatoes. The ricotta (Italian for “young cheese”), unsalted but pungent combines very well with the light sourness of the dehydrated yoghurt balls coated in crumbly dehydrated olives that look like caviar. A mouthful of the entire thing. Just in case you are starting to think this menu seems a little light on the meat side, take a look at the salt-crusted beef fillet with baby carrots, green beans and Pomme Anna. The tower of boneless beef atop a puddle of mushroom puree is marinated in salt and egg white then grilled till medium rare. it is served with thin slices of potato fried in butter known as Pomme Anna, Velouté sauce and a lovely onion jam which is as sweet as it is pungent. Finally, the dessert. A banana tart with white and dark chocolate mousse, almond syrup, cookie crumble and crystallised mint. Crystallized mint? That is correct, the little green leaves that garnish this dish are a lot more brittle than they look, giving the sweet herbal mint leaf a crispy edge. But back to the tart, it is a multilayered combo of glazed bananas between white chocolate mousse and black chocolate mousse, all on a foundation of buttery dough. Altogether, it is a wonderful mixture of the sweet, the bitter and the buttery to finish off what is a much more filling meal than appearances may suggest. FINE DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX15,000 MAIN COURSES UGX35,000 Seafood Duo Lobster and sweet corn terrine with garlic bavarois, black olives tapenade and prosecco jelly, tuna carpaccio with sun dried cherry coulis, rocket leaves, avocado and mustard cream. Pumpkin and Blue Cheese Ravioli Sweet potato puree, walnut butter, sage reduction and basil chips. Chilled Salmorejo Soup Quail egg, prosciutto, olive oil infusion, garden cress and smoked thyme croutons. You may find Seven Seas Restaurant at: 130 Lamb Rack Sous-Vide Aged cheese, roasted carrot, fava beans, herb potato, pistachio crisps, curry apple lamb sauce, puntarelle and roasted garlic salad. Salt Crusted Beef Fillet Baby carrot, green beans, pomme anna, mushroom puree, onion jam, garden salad and beef veloute sauce. Crunchy Spinach and Ricotta Pie Greek labne, dehydrated olives and roasted tomatoes. DESSERTS UGX15,000 Cinnamon Scented Banana Tart White and dark chocolate mousse, almond syrup, cookie crumble and crystallized mint. Kampala Sheraton Hotel, Ternan Avenue, Nakasero, Tel: +256 414 420 000 131 At the Khyber Pass, which specialises in Indian food, try the Fried Button Mushrooms coated in a thick tomato sauce. They are slightly chewy on the outside but tender and fleshy inside with a spicy, tangy flavour and a subtle sweet after-taste. A non-vegetarian option is the Murg ke Sole which is made from fiery grilled chicken breast chunks softened by a yoghurt based marinade and sandwiched between glistening green peppers. The sour flavour of mint and coriander, a popular Indian sauce neutralises the strongly spiced chicken and pungent peppers. SPEKE HOTEL SPEKE HOTEL 132 T hough the best known entity “… at the Speke Hotel for fast, personalised service, ample parking space… etc” is Crane Forex Bureau; the hotel also boasts of two restaurants. The Khyber Pass and Rock Gardens. Both are taking part in this year’s Kampala Restaurant Week under the umbrella of Speke Hotel giving a diverse offering of Indian and Intercontinental cuisines with a fusion of local ingredients and influences. No, that does not mean you can eat at both places at a go, but that between 1st to the 11th of June is enough time to try both. Over at Rock Garden, there are some mushrooms on the appetisers menu as well, in the form of Mushroom Puffs. The button mushrooms are dipped in butter sauce and served with a curried mayonnaise dip in a hollowed out green pepper. From the depths of the sea is the Avocado and Prawns, a large shrimp boiled whole and served with avocado and calypso sauce, which is the simple mix of tomato sauce, mayonnaise and hot sauce that never fails. For something a little lighter, however, opt for the Crème of Vegetable Soup; an assortment of vegetables cooked in garlic and onions, then blended and finished with coriander. Rock Garden’s main courses are a meatlover’s spread with chicken, fish and beef dishes. The chicken dish goes by Kuku Wa Nazi, Swahili for “Coconut Chicken”. This coastal dish of boneless chicken cooked in ginger, onion, garlic and coconut milk that soaks into the tender chicken’s flesh, giving it a sweet after-taste. The Diamond of Tilapia’s secret is its fluffy butter made from whisked egg whites 133 vegetarian main dish is the Murg Lazeez, where “Lazeez” is Urdu for “Delicious”. The charcoal grilled chicken is mixed with a traditional Kashmiri gravy that is thick, spicy, pungent, and soaks right through the tender meat. This, like every main course is served with a side of garlic naan or rice, but is recommended with garlic naan. Khyber Pass’s star finisher is the Mango Phirni, a pudding made from crushed rice, milk, mango pulp and a little sugar mixed together. This traditional dessert from Kashmir looks like custard pudding with millions of tiny bubbles and has a milky, slightly sweet flavour. One of our crew asked if it reminded us all of stealing Cerelac. We assumed this meant it reminded them of Cerelac’s subtle sweetness. And that he assumes everybody has a history of stealing Cerelac. If you had your meal at Rock Gardens, you may keep it simple with the Fruit Cuts On A Plate, which is a variety of fruit from banana, pineapple, watermelon, passion fruit, apple, lemon and mango. If you feel a little more adventurous, there is the Mount Rwenzori Crepe. A pair of thin pancakes sandwich a scoop of vanilla ice cream and are garnished with icing sugar that looks like a snowy peak. However, if a little more ice cream variety is what you desire, try the Cassata Siciliana, a trio of chocolate, vanilla and strawberry ice cream layered with sponge-cake in between them. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Rock Avocado Prawn It’s avocado fan with cooked king prawns and cocktail sauce. Beef Matooke Pair of beef medallions of seasoned dusted with matooke flows, passed through eggs and crumbed with matooke crumbs served with mash. Mushroom Puffs Well seasoned mushroom batonnets then flavoured with aromat, passed through wheat flour, dipped in batter then deep fried and served with curried mayonnaise. Kuku Wa Nazi Chicken cubes cooked with garlic, onions and ginger with coconut sauce served with vegetable rice. Cream of Vegetables Assorted vegetables cooked with onion and garlic then blended with a touch of cream. and egg yolk combined and used to coat the fish fillet before deep-frying. Served with French fries and tartare sauce, it has the timelessness of traditional English Fish & Chips, without the oily newspaper. Finally, the Matooke Beef, an innovative way to combine Ugandan ingredients with intercontinental principles. Mattock is ground into flour and used to coat a beef fillet before deep-frying it and is served with salty brown mushrooms and chips. Yes, it’s the one garnished with standing Matooke chips that look like horns. 134 Khyber Pass’s Indian cuisine balances between vegetarian and non-vegetarian dishes, but its vegetables can easily be mistaken for meat. Take the Sahi Vegetables, for example. The butter-fried cauliflower is mixed with cashew nuts and a creamy gravy, garnished with green specks of coriander and fried onions. I call juju. Cauliflower, one of the most boring vegetables is magically transformed into this mysteriously tender meat with a soft light crust served in a creamy, spicy, nutty sauce that tastes like white (Béchamel) sauce with an Indian twist. The actual non- Diamond of Tilapia Tilapia fillet cut into diamond shape passed through batter then deep fried and served with chips. Khyber pass Chatpata Mushroom Khyber Sliced cuts of mushrooms batter fried and saute with ginger garlic and curry leaves giving it a taste of sweet sour and tangy flavor. Murgh Lazeez Barbeque chicken cubes cooked in traditional kashmiri gravy with Indian breads and steamed rice. Murgh ke Shole Strips of chicken pieces marinated with ginger garlic paste with Indian herbs with onion and capsicum grilled in charcoal oven. Cauliflower better fried then cooked in rich cashew nut gravy and Indian spices. It comes in creamy color served with Indian breads and steamed rice. Shahi Veg You may find Speke Hotel at: DESSERTS UGX10,000 Rock Cassata Siciliana Three assorted ice cream made in layers with chocolate sauce and cashew nuts. Fruit Plate A combination of different types of fruits in a plate. Mount Rwenzori Crepes Two pancakes with a choice of ice cream and orange caramelized sauce topped with Mount Rwenzori icing sugar. Khyber Mango Phirni Traditional Indian dessert cooked with milk and broken rice, fresh mango pulp garnished with cherry. Plot 7-9 Nile Avenue, Kampala, Tel: + 256 414 235 332 135 hints of chili and sugar at the same time. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK TAMARAI THAI Chicken Satay These are skewers of spicy golden brown chicken that are marinated in peanut sauce. Laced with chili and garlic, you enjoy a curried taste as you bite into the soft chicken. Don’t wait for these to get cold, they are great when served hot. Spring Rolls A very popular snack on the streets of Bangkok, spring rolls are a light crunchy snack consisting of vegetables rolled up in dough and fried. Mains Rendang with Matooke Rendang originally is a beef dish that comes from West Sumatra in Indonesia. Tamarai Thai’s version is made with pork and sautéed in different spices and served with peanut sauce. It has a very distinct cinnamon taste that I never thought could be enjoyed with the Matooke it’s served with. This is a star meal. One you should definitely try because it gives you a new enjoyment of Matooke outside the usual salty sauces it goes with. Plus the pork is tender and maintains its individual taste while giving allowance to the spices. TAMARAI THAI M ost people might generalise Thai cuisine for hot food. It essentially is. In fact, the only non-spicy Thai food you can order in Thailand would be mai pet which translates to “single chili”. However, despite its piquancy, Thai food offers quite a variety of tastes in different arrangements. Tamarai Thai certainly remains Kampala’s Thailand stand in, not only offering a Thai taste but overall a Pan-Asian cuisine. It has a well-stocked 136 tea bar and serves up scintillating cocktails (rightly so, it won the inaugural Kampala Cocktail Week People’s Choice Award!). Below are the dishes they’ll be offering in this three course edition of Kampala Restaurant Week. Starters Fish cakes You might mistake them for kabalagala (pancakes) because of the brown texture. However Tamarai’s fish cakes are a deep fried paste of herbs, spices and pounded fish. What you get is a chewy starter with Lobster in Singapore Pepper Sauce Tamarai Thai always offer diversity. The Lobster in Singapore Pepper Sauce is for those willing to try out some sea food. The pepper sauce is made with a variety of peppers, coriander and onions and gives a tanginess that goes well with the lobster. This is a great meal for those whose palates are bored of the same old tastes. Grilled Chicken Breast with Brown Sauce and French Fries. A moist and tender serving of chicken breast fresh from grill and served with brown sauce, fries and brown rice. It’s a very filling meal with distinct spicy flavours such as parsley, pepper and garlic. 137 Dessert Mango Sticky Rice I didn’t expect the flavour that came with this. The sticky rice is placed in the middle of a heart-shaped arrangement of mango slices and doused with coconut milk. The texture of the rice is very rubbery but not un-chewable which makes it more gratifying. When the mango and the rice with the coconut come together, it’s a lovely sweet taste in the mouth! CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Vegetable Spring Rolls Fried cylindrical casing of very thin dough that is filled with minced vegetables and subtle Thai spices Grilled Chicken Breast with Brown Sauce Grilled breast of chicken marinated in soy sauce, oriental herbs drizzled with brown sauce served with fries and fried rice Fish Cakes Fried patty made from paste of traditional Thai herbs like kaffir lime leaves, galangal and minced fish meat Stir Fried Lobster in Singapore Pepper Sauce A rare delicacy lobster stir fried in Singapore style black pepper sauce served with fried rice and vegetables Chicken Satay A traditional Southeast Asian speciality made from strips of marinated chicken, grilled on bamboo skewers served with peanut sauce Ugandan Oriental Fusion (Matooke with Rendang Pork and Vegetables) A signature dish from our Executive Chef where African cuisine pairs with Asian cuisine. Uganda’s most loved accompaniment of matooke served with pork in rendang sauce along with vegetables. You may find Tamarai Restaurant and Tea Bar at: 138 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Mango Sticky Rice Traditional Thai dessert made from sweet coconut milk and sticky rice Honey Glazed Banana Fritters A traditional Asian dessert made from battered fried banana generously drizzled with honey and served with a scoop of ice cream Dates And Sultana Pancake A dessert made from fresh dates and sultana paste stuffed in rice paper, deep fried and served with a scoop of ice cream Plot 14 Lower Kololo Terrace, Tel: +256 755 794 958 THE BISTRO I n between the Karuka bottle store and Checkers in Kisementi, is The Bistro, a hedged in oasis from the buzz of the greater Kamwokya area. The word “bistro” is French for a small restaurant and The Bistro combines the attributes of modesty and simplicity with elegance. This year, they bring a wide range of dishes with French and Italian influences to #KlaRestaurantWeek and we previewed a few of them for you. There is a pattern of pastry wrapped or filled with savoury goodies amongst the appetisers on The Bistro’s Restaurant Week menu. The Soft Tacos on a Log for example, is a trio of grilled tortilla wraps with three different filings all lined up on a wooden log with notches in which they are comfortably perched. There is the Vegetable Taco with a salty/sour tomato salsa; a Haloumi Taco in which the light, chewy cheese is combined with pungent onions and sweet corn for a more savoury combination; and the Chicken Taco with its tender, diced chicken. Every Taco is lined with a layer of guacamole that gives them a little moisture, a little consistency, and of course, a little Mexican authenticity. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK THE BISTRO 140 Instead of the tacos, one may opt for the Cheese & Vegetable Pocket which is served with a tomato and cheese puree. Like an Italian calzone, this consists of cheese and assorted vegetables folded into a salty pastry and fried, instead of baked. Its outer layer is crispy to the bite and reveals melted cheese and tender vegetables whose herb-infused pungent flavour is balanced out by the slight sweetness of the tomato and cheese sauce. You may carry on with the stuffed goods as you go into the main course with a 141 Beef Cannelloni. This Italian delicacy traditionally consists of homemade pasta stuffed with beef. Here it is served with both a tomato and basil based sauce, which seems like an intuitive accompaniment for minced beef and a spinach purée which is a lot saltier and berbaceous; both arranged in a delightful pattern. The pasta itself is quite thin, making for an all-round creamy sensation when the gooey, cheese infused mince and sauces fill your mouth; delicately balancing savoury and sweet flavours. Out of the lake comes the Tilapia Paupiette. The fillet of what could easily be Uganda’s national fish is made into a spiral, attaching its opposite ends is breaded, then deep-fried, giving it the look of a bready fish doughnut of sorts. Topped with cold tartar sauce for a clash of temperatures, it is reminiscent of English Fish n’ Chips without the fluffy batter, the chips, or the oil-soaked newspaper. 142 For a vegetarian main, we have the Gouda and Leek Quiche. Quiche is a French tart of sorts filled with savoury ingredients and baked open-faced. This particular quiche is a combination of eggs, cheese and leek (a long green vegetable akin to onions). It combines the taste of fluffy baked eggs with the sharp pungent flavour of gouda cheese. For dessert, enjoy the Bananacelli Explosion, a dish whose textures are as intriguing as its flavours. CASUAL DINING - MENU In an ice cream glass, we have layers of banana and vermicelli, with whipped cream in between. Vermicelli is a variation of pasta with noodles thinner than spaghetti baked till they are brittle and mixed with almonds and cookie crumbs to make a crumble like a high fibre muesli. Vegetable and Cheese Pockets Flavoured assorted vegetables, gouda cheese wrapped in a pastry. The crunchy and soft, nutty and sweet combination brought together by the whipped cream is so surprisingly good, you will definitely make a face on your first bite. STARTERS UGX10,000 Mini Chicken Soft Tacos Bite size tortillas stuffed with shredded chicken guacamole and salsa. MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Beef Cannelloni Tube shaped homemade pasta stuffed with beef mince a la bolognaise garnished with spinach basil tomato coulis. Fruit Sushi Artistically presented assorted fruit salad. Tilapia Spiral Crispy tilapia in a spiral shape served with tartar sauce and curly potatoes. Leek and Gouda Quiche Tart filled with leeks, eggs and cheese. You may find The Bistro at: Vermicelli and Banana Explosion Layers of whipped cream, vermicelli crumble and sliced bananas. 15 Cooper Road, Kisementi, Tel: +256757247876 143 KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK THE GREAT INDIAN DHABA THE GREAT INDIAN DHABA Dhaba: The hindi word for aÂ road side shop frequented by casual labourers and drivers looking for something filling, delicious and affordable. The Great Indian Dhaba on Wampewo Avenue is an expansion of this concept; a restaurant that borrows from Indiaâ€™s rich urban culture to create a unique take on the exported Indian culinary experience. As participants in the second round of Kampala Restaurant Week, The Great Indian Dhaba has prepared a menu of Indian favourites from crunchy starters to spongy desserts. Here is a sample of what they have to offer. The Starter Pani Puri is a popular feature of street food in India and one of the starters on this menu. Balls of wheat flour are deep fried into salty hollow shells (The 144 145 Puri). A medley of minutely diced potatoes and onions (The pani) is scooped into a hole in each of the hollow balls as stuffing and the entire affair (Pani Puri) is wrapped up with a serving of sweet tamarind sauce on the side. You bite into the salty, crunchy globe and taste a savoury surprise you already knew was there and contrast that flavour with the sweetness of tamarind sauce for a delightful starter. The sitting area with the words “Moochard du Dhaba” printed above the door is the hub from which the entire restaurant’s energy flows. It is an enclosure with large windows and bamboo accents. Its walls are plastered with Bollywood posters from decades past featuring stars like Amitabh Bachan and, er, others who are not Amithab Bachan. The stereo emits a diversity of Hindi songs (all of which I assume to be from Bollywood musicals) as you eat off stainless steel plates and drink out of stainless steel cups. The Great Indian Dhaba will not try to impress you with glamour, but it will charm you with unflinching honesty. And what of the rest of their food? The Mains `If there was a way to chart the best selling Indian dishes of all time, I would put my money on the Butter Chicken coming in the Top 5. It is the Sweet & Sour Pork of Indian cuisine. Keeping the same idea in mind, the Paneer Butter Masala swaps out the chicken for cottage cheese. Cottage cheese has a lot in common with feta, but is salty without as much bite and slightly spongy rather than brittle so that it interrupts the spicy flavour of butter masala before they are chewed into singularity. Every good curry needs a starch to soak it up and the Paneer Butter Masala is served with a side of butter naan (think thick, buttery, oven-baked chapatti). A dish that subverts the starch-and-sauce structure of many Indian meals is the Biryani, and in this particular case, Mutton Biryani. Fun fact: “mutton” in India is sometimes used to refer to meat from a goat as well as a sheep. Yeah. It’s complicated. Because it is spicy rice fried with meat, the comparisons of Biryani to Pilao are understandable. However, Biryani’s secret weapon (apart from the cocktail of spices) is plain yoghurt which is stirred into the dish as it cooks as well as served along side it, giving 146 the rice moisture and by contrasting it, enhancing the flavour of the spicy chunks of mutton. Drizzle a little more yoghurt over it and enjoy the sensational contrast of temperatures and explosion of taste. Gulab Jamun is a “Say, what?” kind of dessert. That’s your reaction when you ask what is in it: balls of milk powder deep-fried in ghee (yes, ghee) and served soaked in a saucer of syrup. When you pick it up, the soft, spongy ball seems to sweat syrup, with drops rising to the surface and when you ingest it whole, you probably make a face. The fried outer membrane quickly gives way to a soft, gooey interior; sweet with hints of milk. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 Pani Puri Arguably the most loved street food snack from India. A Puri is a hollow fried crisp which is filled with boiled potato and some spices along with Pani which is tangy flavoured spicy or sweet water Chicken Lollipop Deep fried chicken wings formed in a shape of a lollipop gently marinated in Indian spices, coating of batter and egg Fish Fry A delight for spicy fish lovers, deep fried pieces of fish marinated in Indian spices MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 Butter Chicken One of the most well know Indian dish because of its suitability for every palate, this chicken based dish is made in creamy sauce and subtle Indian spices served with Basmati Paneer Butter Masala A must among veggie lovers this dish is made from cubes cottage cheese, simmered in creamy sauce with hand picked Indian spices to give it a taste that tickles your taste buds. Served with Basmati rice and naan bread Mutton Biryani A culinary legend from the kitchens of Mogul Emperors of India. It’s a spicy, fragrant and colorful dish made from rice cooked along with mutton and spices which is served with raita You may find The Great Indian Dhaba at: DESSERTS UGX10,000 Gulab Jamun A delicacy for any special occasions, the dish roughly translates to “Rose-Fruit” in English due to its shape and flavour. Dumplings made from flour, milk and cream deep fried and dipped in sugar syrup Kulfi Traditional Indian version of ice cream which is creamier and denser than its western version and flavoured with nuts. Gajar Halwa Most popular dessert from India made from grated carrots slowly simmered in ghee, milk and sugar Plot 3 Wampewo Avenue, Tel: +256 774 535 390 147 The brownie happens to be more of the darker, slightly more bitter chocolate variety, but its lack of overt sweetness is more than made up for by the vanilla ice cream and caramel sauce KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK THE LAWNS THE LAWNS S ince they moved to their new home on Acacia Avenue, a little more has changed at The Lawns than the location. The restaurant has retained its coastal influences and game dishes, but morphed them to provide a more refined eating experience that is a feast for all the senses. This Restaurant Week they bring us a range of dishes from crocodile bacon to stuffed mushrooms and we have sampled some of their more outstanding numbers to give you a peek into what they have lined up. 148 Starter: Smoked Crocodile Soup As mentioned before, The Lawns is renowned for their impressive spread of game dishes and they continue to live up to their reputation this Restaurant Week starting with this crocodile bacon based creamy broth. No, crocodile bacon isn’t crocodile meat wrapped in bacon, it is bacon made from a cut of smoked crocodile meat. The thick greenishbrown soup does not vie for smoothness points, remaining lumpy with zucchini, shallots, octopus and, of course, crocodile bacon; topped with garlic croutons and thin shards of deep fried potato. Enjoy it with a toasted baguette. Continuing the game theme is The Serengeti Platter, which includes mediumwell-done cuts of Kudu, Springbok, Ostrich and Crocodile with labels attached to little wooden picks sticking out of them to indicate which is which. It is served with red wine juice and peppercorn sauce for gravy. Though the kudu and springbok taste like beef with some alterations to its DNA, the definite outlier in the bunch is the crocodile whose texture and flavour are in a league of their own. The grilled brown exterior is almost crunchy and gives way to a spongy interior with a slight smokiness that combines harmoniously with the red wine juice (despite being white meat). At this point, one begins to realise why portions of gourmet dishes seem so small; with multiple courses, it all adds up. based dressing and baked in a tandoor (traditional Indian clay oven) and served on a yoghurt mint sauce with a tangy yellow basmati rice infused with cumin and mustard seeds instead. It’s a mouthful to say, and a mouthful to savour. The stuffed mushrooms are a savoury and spicy, carrying the heavy pungence without losing the slight woodiness that is their original flavour. The rice, made yellow by turmeric and zesty by lemon juice enhances the spicier aspects of the mushrooms’ flavour profile. While many a Ugandan may consider a meal incomplete without meat, the fleshy, almost-chewy, almost-crunchy mushrooms pack enough flavour and texture to hold this dish down as the headlining act. It is a vegetarian meal you do not have to be a vegetarian to enjoy. If all that meat isn’t really your cup of tea, you may go with the Feta-stuffed Mushrooms coated in a yoghurt The Dessert: Presentation is a really important aspect of The Lawns’ new culinary policy, and 149 one realises this by the time they make it through the starter and main course and finally to the Liquid Brownie, one of their dessert items. In one corner of a disproportionately large white plate is a cuboid of fudge-like dark chocolate delicately crowned with a wafer thin slice of itself baked to a crisp. In the other corner is a scoop of vanilla ice cream connected to the chocolate brownie with a stream of chocolate sauce, caramel sauce and crushed coconut biscuit. The brownie happens to be more of the darker, slightly more bitter chocolate variety, but its lack of overt sweetness is more than made up for by the vanilla ice cream and caramel sauce.Â FINE DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX15,000 Watermelon And Feta Salad A designer salad with cooling sweet watermelon topped with dressed chiffonade of spinach. Carpaccio of salty Feta, topped with a balsamic gooseberry dressing and shards of spearmint. Smoked Crocodile Soup A creamy soup packed full of flavour chunks of smoked crocodile, brunoise zucchini, shallots and Italian parsley served with mini garlic croutons and crusty bread. MAIN COURSES UGX35,000 Mixed Game Muchomo Platter A variety of mixed game meat skewers with gonja and red peppers served with organic seasonal stir fried vegetables. Sauces to accompany: smoked peppercorn sauce and hot chili sauce. Crocodile Tikka Masala Morsels of boneless crocodile engulfed in a rich and creamy tomato and onion gravy with a hint of pepper and finished off with a splash of cream. Served with piping hot naan, fluffy basmati rice and chopped house salad. Feta and Shallot Stuffed Mushrooms Stuffed mushroom BBQ in the Tandoor oven served with spicy lemon rice topped with yoghurt sauce. You may find The Lawns at: 150 Plot 3A Lower Kololo Terrace, Tel: +256 414 250 337 DESSERTS UGX15,000 Liquid Brownie Our signature chocolate dessertâ€Ś Fudgy chocolate brownie with chocolate ganache and coconut biscuits, a salted caramel sauce and toasted almonds served with a dollop of vanilla ice cream. THE WILD ORCHID A dainty coffee shop at The Orchid (opposite Imperial Royale and Hotel Ruch) that does coffee house things as well as serving breakfast and lunch, is collaborating with The Food Library for this yearâ€™s #KlaRestaurantWeek. What this collabo means is that the high end mobile food platform is taking up residency at the recently opened cafe; combining the best of both eateries to deliver range of delicious, decadent treats. Yes, we ate there too. KAMPALA RESTAURANT WEEK THE WILD ORCHID X THE FOOD LIBRARY 152 A good place to start is with the Avocado Prawn Ritz Salad. Seafood (or fish), avocado and cocktail sauce is a fail-safe combination, and it works a little better than usual here. The avocado is hollowed out and filled with kachumbali (upgraded with diced bell peppers), all garnished with a homemade cocktail dressing. The prawns of course are the main attraction. Stirfried in a thick tomato based sauce, the strongly flavoured smoky, slightly sweet prawns are balanced out by the avocado-kachumbali mix. We have seen courgettes (or zucchini) come in many shapes and forms, but never the Courgette Noodles with Chicken Meatballs and Chilli Flakes appetiser. The courgette is sliced into thin, spaghetti-like noodles, blanched and served topped with chicken meatballs, themselves topped with a date and tamarind based chutney adding sweet pungency to the salty chicken balls. As you relish your first forkful, you realise they have formulated pasta that will not make you fat, but still tastes amazing. It has a very herbaceous flavour just in case you forget it is a vegetable, but is very precise in its firmness (al-dente), with the appearance of green 2-minute noodles. A slightly less eccentric pasta dish on the main course section of the menu is the Vegetable Lasagna. In between circular sheets of fresh lasagna made on site, are layers of a cheesy BĂŠchamel 153 sauce and Mexican beans. Mexican beans are known to be darker, larger, softer and more moist than the beans we just call beans in Uganda, but herein have a texture and flavour one can safely describe as meaty. That was the plan. It is amazing that this dish manages to be oh-so-creamy, without the lasagna sheets being so soggy that they become an indiscernible mush. It is a real problem in the Lasagna community. On the meatier side of the mains menu is the Stacked Grilled Chicken with Pesto. Something about stacking food up, rather than being spread all around makes one underestimate how much chow they are really dealing with. It’s a trap. Between the layers of chicken covered in a creamy, white sauce are slices of biringanya, tomato slices and mashed potatoes, which add up. Chicken breast is quite risky. It tends to be tough, stringy and difficult to penetrate with marinade, but the basildominant pesto sinks into the flesh well, giving it moisture as well as a herbaceous, slightly bitter edge. Sometimes you want a little bit of a whole lot of things, and the The Fish Trio is perfect for those kinds of times. Here we have three fish dishes with accompanying sauces and starches all beautifully arranged on a single platter. Start on one end with the Tilapia Paupiette, a French style fillet served with tartar sauce. The tilapia goes with a risotto based aranchini, which is crispy on the outside, with a creamy consistency and subtle cheesy aftertaste. Next, the bread-crumbed tilapia is served with a slightly sweet coconut curry and floral tasting Velvet Wild Rice. Finally, the smoked salmon, which is generously sprinkled with black pepper and sesame seeds, and does not need much more help. Salmon is inherently salty, especially in the thin layer of fat that runs along its outside. If you know The Food Library, you know they do not play when it comes to desserts. Their over-the-top, celebration of excess is not to be missed, with the Wild Orchid Brownie Sundae. It is not a brownie with ice-cream, but ice-cream with brownies. The glass that the sugar-cone is placed in is more than just an aesthetic gimmick, it is a logistical necessity. With a spoon (or not, free country), you can dig into the heavily accessorised chocolate ice-cream and let it all disintegrate without losing any of the good stuff. And there is a lot of good stuff: chocolate ice cream, pieces of an almost fudgy chocolate brownie and chocolate chip cookies. They. Don’t. Play. CASUAL DINING - MENU STARTERS UGX10,000 Pita Pizza Tomato and cheese covered on a light crispy Pita bread with toppings of your choice. (Chicken or Veg medley) Avocado and Prawn Ritz Salad Diced cucumber, tomato and red onion kachumbali served in an open sliced avocado with prawns drizzled with the Wild Orchid tangy Ritz sauce. Courgette Noodles with Chicken Pasta Chilli courgette noodles served with tropical seasoned chicken mince meatballs and diced mango cubes. MAIN COURSES UGX25,000 DESSERTS UGX10,000 Grilled Chicken Stack Pesto and parmesan covered grilled chicken breasts served in a layered stack of vegetables and smooth garlic mashed potato served with a fresh house salad. Menage a Trois Triple dessert special. Creamy strawberry mint mousse. Meringue filled with whipped cream and topped with fresh Kiwi. Coconut truffle served on chocolate base topped with a delicious caramel sauce. Vegetable Lasagna A delicious array of vegetables including peppers, onions, courgettes, tomatoes, black beans and mushroom with a cheese bechamel sauce layered between freshly homemade lasagna sheets. Fish Three Way Fresh fish fillet cooked 3 different ways. Grilled salmon, bread crumbed tilapia and tilapia paupiettes served with 3 different sauces and sides. (Tartar sauce, spicy coconut curry sauce, house chilli sauce). The Food Library pan fried mash balls, velvet Basmati rice, Risotto Arancini. You may find The Wild Orchid at: 154 The Wild Orchid Super Brownie Sundae Homemade chocolate brownie ice cream served in a waffle cone topped with a chocolate spoon with a sizzling chocolate sauce. Chocolate Box Surprise Delicious sponge cake topped with whipped cream and cherries served in a luscious chocolate box. Plot 8 Kintu Road, Nakasero, Tel: + (256) 20 092 3577 155	i don't know
Which word was introduced on coins in 1971 before being dropped in 1982?	Decimal Coins of the UK - The Change to Decimal Coinage The Change to Decimal Coinage Pictures of Decimal Coins Decimalisation Day D-Day was February 15th 1971. On that day the United Kingdom changed from the centuries old tradition of using 12 pence to the shilling and 20 shillings to the pound to a new decimal 100 new pence to the pound. Options considered There had been much debate as to the best way of implementing the switch. Australia used a dollar valued at ten old shillings, making the new cent equal to 1.2 old pence, a small change in value. An alternative was to go to a pound-mil system, with a mil equal to 0.24 old pence, a latter-day successor to the farthing. Another was to keep the penny and have a new unit at 100 pence (eight shillings and fourpence). However, in the UK the pound was considered to be particularly important because of the UK's international trading status. In addition, having a new penny worth 2.4 old pence was less of a problem as inflation had made its purchasing power insignificant. As a temporary measure a half new penny was introduced, but as will be seen this had a short life. There was even a pattern quarter penny made in aluminium, but this was not proceeded with. It was realised at the time that the decision was made that the life of the halfpenny would be very short, but it was felt necessary despite the considerable extra cost of having to mint the coin. Banks never accepted transactions involving an odd halfpenny. The Timetable for the Change The change was made gradually over three years, in a number of stages. In 1968 new shillings and florins were issued as 5 new pence and 10 new pence coins. The older shillings and florins continued to circulate long after decimalisation until the size of the coins was reduced. Theoretically silver coins from 1816 could still have been found in change, but the active withdrawal of silver in the years following the change in 1947, followed by the combination of a dramatic rise in the price of silver with devaluation in 1967 meant that silver coins rapidly vanished from circulation. Blue plastic wallets containing the new 5p and 10p coins dated 1968, along with 1/2p, 1p and 2p coins dated 1971 were put on sale. These wallets are still very common. In October 1969 the 50 new pence piece replaced the 10 shilling note, which ceased to be legal tender on 22nd November 1970. The old halfpenny was demonetised on 1st August 1969. The half-crown was demonetised on 1st January 1970. The remaining decimal coins became legal tender on 15th February 1971. Maundy coins (and silver threepenny pieces of Maundy design, i.e. with a crowned three on the reverse) were revalued as being in new pence at the same time. The changeover was so rapid that the old penny and nickel brass threepence pieces had been removed from circulation by the end of 1971, although I know of one shop in the Yorkshire Dales which continued to use the old currency for a long time on the basis that 'this new-fangled stuff will never catch on'. The old penny and threepence coins ceased to be legal tender on 31st August 1971, just over six months after D-day. It is no longer possible to exchange them for current coins at a bank. Later Developments The sixpence , which was allowed to continue circulating at 2½ new pence, was eventually withdrawn at the end of June 1980. I am indebted to Brian Dominic for the following quote from John Glover's book "London's Underground": "The adoption of decimal currency on 15 February 1971 posed a few problems for London Transport, which had favoured the £ Sterling being halved in value and divided into 100 pence - what today might be termed a '50p pound'. With their extensive use of coin operated machines, the Board took strong exception to the proposed introduction of ½p coins, the lack of any coin between 2p and 5p, and the lack of a close relationship of old values and coins with the new. It was all too difficult for them, and it was indeed at London Transport's behest that the 2½p (sixpence) was retained in the coinage for the time being." The term 'New Penny' was dropped in 1982 on the grounds that after ten years it was no longer 'new'. In that year a new denomination, the 20p coin was introduced. It has proved very popular, and is one of the most frequently encountered coins in change. The pound coin was first issued in 1983. Again, there was a little resistance to the change from note to coin, but cessation of production of the pound note rapidly overcame the objections and the coin is now very well established. The notes were demonetised on 11th March 1988. The half penny coin was last minted for circulation in 1983. In 1984 the denomination was only issued in Mint and Proof Sets and in December 1984 the coin was demonetised, as inflation had rendered it an anachronism. In 1985 a new portrait came into use, designed by Raphael David Maklouf, although the portrait on the Maundy coins was unchanged. Commemorative two pound coins were first issued in 1986, but although legal tender they rarely circulated (some are appearing in change now that the bimetallic circulating coin has been introduced, but as they are about twice the weight of circulating coins, banks have difficulty handling them). Crown sized commemorative coins valued at 25 pence continued to be minted, but after the Royal Wedding issue of 1981 later 'crowns' were valued at five pounds . This is a source of confusion, but the way to be sure is to know that if they are five pound coins they have the value on them. It was intended that a new two pound coin of the same diameter but thinner than the commemorative versions be introduced in November 1997, but due to technical problems (vending machines rejected them), the introduction was delayed until 1998. This new coin is bimetallic, being the first such coin to be issued in the UK since the tin farthings and halfpennies of the late 17th century. It is the subject of an urban legend, in that a rumour is going the rounds that those coins where the queen is wearing a necklace are rare. This is most definitely untrue, but hoarding of these coins means they not often found in change. In 1998 a further new obverse portrait was introduced, designed by Ian Rank-Broadley, which is still in use nearly ten years later. In 2008 a new set of reverse designs has been revealed, which, in the words of the Royal Mint, 'are a contemporary take on traditional heraldry reflecting the nation's rich history'. These designs apply only to the denominations from 1 penny to 1 pound, and I have been told that both the old and the new reverse designs will be put into circulation dated 2008. Metal Change In 1992 the metal used for the one penny and two penny coins was changed from bronze to copper coated steel. The use of a pure copper coating means that the colour of mint coins is slightly different. Also, as the density of steel is less than bronze and the weight was unchanged, the newer coins are noticeably thicker than the older ones. The versions of these coins issued in the 1992 Mint and Proof sets are said to be bronze - only the circulation issue coins of that date were steel. In 1998 the 2p (and possibly the 1p) temporarily reverted to bronze because of technical problems at the Royal Mint. In 2011 the 5p and 10p coins will change to being made of plated steel as the lower denominations. Perhaps the 20p and 50p will follow, but the sharper corners of these seven-sided coins may mitigate against this. Shrinkage As a result of inflation the coins based on the old system, the five pence and ten pence , were increasingly seen as oversized for their value. In 1990 a new smaller version of the 5p coin was introduced, and the old large ones along with the shillings that were still to be found were demonetised at the end of that year. The same technique was used for the 10p coin in 1992, with the old size 10p and florin being demonetised at the end of June 1993. Frustratingly, the new 10p is similar in size to the old large 5p, and very occasionally you get fooled! The next was the 50p coin , which was reduced in size in 1997. This also reduced the enormous stock of the larger coins held in banks due to a reduction in demand after the introduction of the pound coin. A similar problem with the pound coin now that the circulating two pound coin has come into use did occur only to the extent that new one pound coins were not issued for circulation dated 1998 and 1999. A new series of 'normal' non-commemorative designs were released in 2008 for all except the two pound coin. As these were not announced until well into the year, coins up to one pound dated 2008 come in both the original 1968/1971 designs and the new 2008 design. The 2008 50p with Britannia reverse had a very low mintage - I have only seen one in circulation. Starting in 2009, an enormous variety of coins of various denominations are being issued in connection with the 2012 Olympics in London. The Future The penny and twopence coins have become ever more insignificant in value in everyday transactions. However, these two denominations comprise the largest bulk of new coins minted at the Royal Mint, no less than 71% in 1998-99. The reason for this is simple - they are hoarded because of their low value, with pockets and purses being emptied of these relatively heavy coins each day. Australia and New Zealand have both abandoned the 1 and 2 cent coins, with no significant effect on either trade or inflation. Cash transactions are rounded to the nearest 5 cents, while credit card transactions and cheques can still be written for odd cents. How soon will the UK bow to the inevitable and demonetise the 'coppers'? Legal Tender The following applies to England and Wales: 20p and 50p coins are legal tender up to a total value of 10 pounds. 5p and 10p coins are legal tender up to a total value of 5 pounds. 1p and 2p coins are legal tender up to a total of 20 pence. Therefore you cannot insist on paying your Income Tax (or other unpopular bill) in 1p coins! While five pound coins and old monometallic thick two pound coins are technically legal tender, banks do not accept them. As a result you might find it difficult to find traders willing to accept them. I gather that Scotland does not have any legal restriction, other than that payment should be presented in a reasonable manner. Tendering a large sum in pennies might not be considered 'reasonable', but the boundary between reasonable and unreasonable is not defined! Acknowledgements See my Coins Index page for acknowledgements CSV File of Values Download a CSV file of the values of decimal coins. Links	New
In the world of 80's soap operas which street had the postcode L43 6TZ?	1971 Coin of the Year Photographs of coins with a strong association for each particular year. Obverse of 1971 Half New Penny 1971 - Coin of the Year -1971 British Decimal Half New Penny In 1971 the United Kingdom finally converted to decimal currency on February 15th, having made a shaky start in 1848 / 1849 with the issue of florins which were one tenth of a pound. Pre-dating the 1971 conversion date, fivepences and tenpences had been issued since 1968 as these were direct replacements for the shilling and florin and of identical diameters and specifications. These two old denominations continued in circulation for many years after decimalisation, until both denominations were downsized. The fifty pence was issued in 1969 and circulated alongside the ten shilling note. The remaining demial coin denominations which had no exact equivalent in the old �.s.d. system were only issued in 1971. They were the twopence, penny and halfpenny. Until 1982, all decimal coins showed their value as "...new pence" to distinguish them from old pence. Sadly this lead to "pence" in speech being abbreviated to an inelegant "pea", or perhaps the even less elegant "pee", and this still persists now. It seems strange that a decimal currency should include a half penny or cent, but it was presumably easier, perhaps politically, to keep the pound intact, otherwise we would have needed to have "new pounds" or possibly dollars. The halfpenny was politically necessary to counter criticism that decimalisation would increase prices, and even then, the new halfpenny was worth 2.4 times the value of the old halfpenny. In the actual event, prices did rise after decimalisation, and although this may have simply been inflation, many people at the time, and even now, blame decimalisation for increased prices. A similar argument is being aired now because it is argued that joining the euro will also similarly cause price rises. In 1982, all new decimal coins dropped the word "new" from their stated values, and the halfpenny sirvived this change. Because of inflation, the value of the halfpenny had fallen sufficiently by 1985 for it to be discontinued, and its last date of production was 1984. British halfpennies had been in production for almost 1100 years. Quite a long history for such a small coin. Reverse of 1971 Half New Penny	i don't know

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