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|---|---|---|---|---|
what produces hydrogen gas?
|
bacteria and algae
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Under ordinary conditions on Earth, elemental hydrogen exists as the diatomic gas, H2. However, hydrogen gas is very rare in the Earth's atmosphere (1 ppm by volume) because of its light weight, which enables it to escape from Earth's gravity more easily than heavier gases. However, hydrogen is the third most abundant element on the Earth's surface, mostly in the form of chemical compounds such as hydrocarbons and water. Hydrogen gas is produced by some bacteria and algae and is a natural component of flatus, as is methane, itself a hydrogen source of increasing importance.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
According to the locality, in addition to "Three Rectifications and One Demolition", what was another name for these measures?
|
Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activities
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The rapid development of religions in Zhejiang has driven the local committee of ethnic and religious affairs to enact measures to rationalise them in 2014, variously named \"Three Rectifications and One Demolition\" operations or \"Special Treatment Work on Illegally Constructed Sites of Religious and Folk Religion Activities\" according to the locality. These regulations have led to cases of demolition of churches and folk religion temples, or the removal of crosses from churches' roofs and spires. An exemplary case was that of the Sanjiang Church.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What is pterylae?
|
specific tracts of skin
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Feathers are a feature characteristic of birds (though also present in some dinosaurs not currently considered to be true birds). They facilitate flight, provide insulation that aids in thermoregulation, and are used in display, camouflage, and signaling. There are several types of feathers, each serving its own set of purposes. Feathers are epidermal growths attached to the skin and arise only in specific tracts of skin called pterylae. The distribution pattern of these feather tracts (pterylosis) is used in taxonomy and systematics. The arrangement and appearance of feathers on the body, called plumage, may vary within species by age, social status, and sex.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What other than yardage is sometimes awarded the offence on a defensive penalty?
|
first down
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Infractions of the rules are punished with penalties, typically a loss of yardage of 5, 10 or 15 yards against the penalized team. Minor violations such as offside (a player from either side encroaching into scrimmage zone before the play starts) are penalized five yards, more serious penalties (such as holding) are penalized 10 yards, and severe violations of the rules (such as face-masking) are typically penalized 15 yards. Depending on the penalty, the penalty yardage may be assessed from the original line of scrimmage, from where the violation occurred (for example, for a pass interference infraction), or from where the ball ended after the play. Penalties on the offence may, or may not, result in a loss of down; penalties on the defence may result in a first down being automatically awarded to the offence. For particularly severe conduct, the game official(s) may eject players (ejected players may be substituted for), or in exceptional cases, declare the game over and award victory to one side or the other. Penalties do not affect the yard line which the offence must reach to gain a first down (unless the penalty results in a first down being awarded); if a penalty against the defence results in the first down yardage being attained, then the offence is awarded a first down.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
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] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
When did the Lviv regional Memorial Society have its first conference?
|
May 27, 1989
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "From mid-May to September 1989, Ukrainian Greek-Catholic hunger strikers staged protests on Moscow's Arbat to call attention to the plight of their Church. They were especially active during the July session of the World Council of Churches held in Moscow. The protest ended with the arrests of the group on September 18. On May 27, 1989, the founding conference of the Lviv regional Memorial Society was held. On June 18, 1989, an estimated 100,000 faithful participated in public religious services in Ivano-Frankivsk in western Ukraine, responding to Cardinal Myroslav Lubachivsky's call for an international day of prayer.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
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] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What entity provides help with the management of time for new students at Notre Dame?
|
Learning Resource Center
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "All of Notre Dame's undergraduate students are a part of one of the five undergraduate colleges at the school or are in the First Year of Studies program. The First Year of Studies program was established in 1962 to guide incoming freshmen in their first year at the school before they have declared a major. Each student is given an academic advisor from the program who helps them to choose classes that give them exposure to any major in which they are interested. The program also includes a Learning Resource Center which provides time management, collaborative learning, and subject tutoring. This program has been recognized previously, by U.S. News & World Report, as outstanding.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Along with Dante and Boccaccio, who was a notable Italian author of the 14th century?
|
Petrarch
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The publication of vernacular literature increased, with Dante (d. 1321), Petrarch (d. 1374) and Giovanni Boccaccio (d. 1375) in 14th-century Italy, Geoffrey Chaucer (d. 1400) and William Langland (d. c. 1386) in England, and François Villon (d. 1464) and Christine de Pizan (d. c. 1430) in France. Much literature remained religious in character, and although a great deal of it continued to be written in Latin, a new demand developed for saints' lives and other devotional tracts in the vernacular languages. This was fed by the growth of the Devotio Moderna movement, most prominently in the formation of the Brethren of the Common Life, but also in the works of German mystics such as Meister Eckhart and Johannes Tauler (d. 1361). Theatre also developed in the guise of miracle plays put on by the Church. At the end of the period, the development of the printing press in about 1450 led to the establishment of publishing houses throughout Europe by 1500.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
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}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Which Miami causeway has the smallest size?
|
Broad
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Miami has six major causeways that span over Biscayne Bay connecting the western mainland, with the eastern barrier islands along the Atlantic Ocean. The Rickenbacker Causeway is the southernmost causeway and connects Brickell to Virginia Key and Key Biscayne. The Venetian Causeway and MacArthur Causeway connect Downtown with South Beach. The Julia Tuttle Causeway connects Midtown and Miami Beach. The 79th Street Causeway connects the Upper East Side with North Beach. The northernmost causeway, the Broad Causeway, is the smallest of Miami's six causeways, and connects North Miami with Bal Harbour.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
The difference in responses in infant immune systems is the cause of what?
|
distinct time frames found in vaccination schedules
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Maternal factors also play a role in the body’s immune response. At birth, most of the immunoglobulin present is maternal IgG. Because IgM, IgD, IgE and IgA don’t cross the placenta, they are almost undetectable at birth. Some IgA is provided by breast milk. These passively-acquired antibodies can protect the newborn for up to 18 months, but their response is usually short-lived and of low affinity. These antibodies can also produce a negative response. If a child is exposed to the antibody for a particular antigen before being exposed to the antigen itself then the child will produce a dampened response. Passively acquired maternal antibodies can suppress the antibody response to active immunization. Similarly the response of T-cells to vaccination differs in children compared to adults, and vaccines that induce Th1 responses in adults do not readily elicit these same responses in neonates. Between six to nine months after birth, a child’s immune system begins to respond more strongly to glycoproteins, but there is usually no marked improvement in their response to polysaccharides until they are at least one year old. This can be the reason for distinct time frames found in vaccination schedules.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
When did Britain enter WWII?
|
September 1939
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In September 1939, Britain entered the Second World War, which lasted until 1945. During the war, many of London's children were evacuated to avoid the frequent aerial bombing. The suggestion by senior politician Lord Hailsham that the two princesses should be evacuated to Canada was rejected by Elizabeth's mother, who declared, \"The children won't go without me. I won't leave without the King. And the King will never leave.\" Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret stayed at Balmoral Castle, Scotland, until Christmas 1939, when they moved to Sandringham House, Norfolk. From February to May 1940, they lived at Royal Lodge, Windsor, until moving to Windsor Castle, where they lived for most of the next five years. At Windsor, the princesses staged pantomimes at Christmas in aid of the Queen's Wool Fund, which bought yarn to knit into military garments. In 1940, the 14-year-old Elizabeth made her first radio broadcast during the BBC's Children's Hour, addressing other children who had been evacuated from the cities. She stated: \"We are trying to do all we can to help our gallant sailors, soldiers and airmen, and we are trying, too, to bear our share of the danger and sadness of war. We know, every one of us, that in the end all will be well.\"",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
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squad_v2
|
none
|
What organization offered possible solutions Arab-Israeli conflict, which Nasser supported?
|
UN
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Nasser mediated discussions between the pro-Western, pro-Soviet, and neutralist conference factions over the composition of the \"Final Communique\" addressing colonialism in Africa and Asia and the fostering of global peace amid the Cold War between the West and the Soviet Union. At Bandung Nasser sought a proclamation for the avoidance of international defense alliances, support for the independence of Tunisia, Algeria, and Morocco from French rule, support for the Palestinian right of return, and the implementation of UN resolutions regarding the Arab–Israeli conflict. He succeeded in lobbying the attendees to pass resolutions on each of these issues, notably securing the strong support of China and India.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Where did post-punk ram its appropriation of ideas into?
|
musical and pop cultural contexts
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Nicholas Lezard described post-punk as \"a fusion of art and music\". The era saw the robust appropriation of ideas from literature, art, cinema, philosophy, politics and critical theory into musical and pop cultural contexts. Artists sought to refuse the common distinction between high and low culture and returned to the art school tradition found in the work of artists such as Captain Beefheart and David Bowie. Among major influences on a variety of post-punk artists were writers such as William S. Burroughs and J.G. Ballard, avant-garde political scenes such as Situationism and Dada, and intellectual movements such as postmodernism. Many artists viewed their work in explicitly political terms. Additionally, in some locations, the creation of post-punk music was closely linked to the development of efficacious subcultures, which played important roles in the production of art, multimedia performances, fanzines and independent labels related to the music. Many post-punk artists maintained an anti-corporatist approach to recording and instead seized on alternate means of producing and releasing music. Journalists also became an important element of the culture, and popular music magazines and critics became immersed in the movement.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
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}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
When did Ramanuja live?
|
c. 1037–1137
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Ramanuja (c. 1037–1137) was the foremost proponent of the philosophy of Viśiṣṭādvaita or qualified non-dualism. Viśiṣṭādvaita advocated the concept of a Supreme Being with essential qualities or attributes. Viśiṣṭādvaitins argued against the Advaitin conception of Brahman as an impersonal empty oneness. They saw Brahman as an eternal oneness, but also as the source of all creation, which was omnipresent and actively involved in existence. To them the sense of subject-object perception was illusory and a sign of ignorance. However, the individual's sense of self was not a complete illusion since it was derived from the universal beingness that is Brahman. Ramanuja saw Vishnu as a personification of Brahman.",
"start_char": 0,
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}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What much money did Hanssen receive in cash?
|
$1.4 million
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "On 20 February 2001, the bureau announced that a special agent, Robert Hanssen (born 1944) had been arrested for spying for the Soviet Union and then Russia from 1979 to 2001. He is serving 15 consecutive life sentences without the possibility of parole at ADX Florence, a federal supermax prison near Florence, Colorado. Hanssen was arrested on February 18, 2001 at Foxstone Park near his home in Vienna, Virginia, and was charged with selling US secrets to the USSR and subsequently Russia for more than US$1.4 million in cash and diamonds over a 22-year period. On July 6, 2001, he pleaded guilty to 15 counts of espionage in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. His spying activities have been described by the US Department of Justice's Commission for the Review of FBI Security Programs as \"possibly the worst intelligence disaster in U.S. history\".",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What did many with European ancetry "marry white" and want to be part of the white society?
|
for its social and economic advantages
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American or Native American ancestry. As slavery became a racial caste, those who were enslaved and others of any African ancestry were classified by what is termed \"hypodescent\" according to the lower status ethnic group. Many of majority European ancestry and appearance \"married white\" and assimilated into white society for its social and economic advantages, such as generations of families identified as Melungeons, now generally classified as white but demonstrated genetically to be of European and sub-Saharan African ancestry.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
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}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What was the population of Plymouth unitary authority circa 2011?
|
256,384
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "From the 2011 Census, the Office for National Statistics published that Plymouth's unitary authority area population was 256,384; 15,664 more people than that of the last census from 2001, which indicated that Plymouth had a population of 240,720. The Plymouth urban area had a population of 260,203 in 2011 (the urban sprawl which extends outside the authority's boundaries). The city's average household size was 2.3 persons. At the time of the 2011 UK census, the ethnic composition of Plymouth's population was 96.2% White (of 92.9% was White British), with the largest minority ethnic group being Chinese at 0.5%. The white Irish ethnic group saw the largest decline in its share of the population since the 2001 Census (-24%), while the Other Asian and Black African had the largest increases (360% and 351% respectively). This excludes the two new ethnic groups added to the 2011 census of Gypsy or Irish Traveller and Arab. The population rose rapidly during the second half of the 19th century, but declined by over 1.6% from 1931 to 1951.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What disease did Freddie Mercury disclose he had?
|
AIDS
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "On 23 November 1991, in a prepared statement made on his deathbed, Mercury confirmed that he had AIDS. Within 24 hours of the statement, he died of bronchial pneumonia, which was brought on as a complication of AIDS. His funeral service on 27 November in Kensal Green, West London was private, and held in accordance with the Zoroastrian religious faith of his family. \"Bohemian Rhapsody\" was re-released as a single shortly after Mercury's death, with \"These Are the Days of Our Lives\" as the double A-side. The music video for \"These Are the Days of Our Lives\" contains Mercury's final scenes in front of the camera. The single went to number one in the UK, remaining there for five weeks – the only recording to top the Christmas chart twice and the only one to be number one in four different years (1975, 1976, 1991, and 1992). Initial proceeds from the single – approximately £1,000,000 – were donated to the Terrence Higgins Trust.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
During what period did people use Kermes vermilio to make red dye?
|
Neolithic Period
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "A red dye called Kermes was made beginning in the Neolithic Period by drying and then crushing the bodies of the females of a tiny scale insect in the genus Kermes, primarily Kermes vermilio. The insects live on the sap of certain trees, especially Kermes oak trees near the Mediterranean region. Jars of kermes have been found in a Neolithic cave-burial at Adaoutse, Bouches-du-Rhône. Kermes from oak trees was later used by Romans, who imported it from Spain. A different variety of dye was made from Porphyrophora hamelii (Armenian cochineal) scale insects that lived on the roots and stems of certain herbs. It was mentioned in texts as early as the 8th century BC, and it was used by the ancient Assyrians and Persians.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
"The Hildebrand Rarity" is from what short story collection?
|
For Your Eyes Only
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Further references to Fleming's material can be found throughout the film; an MI6 safehouse is called \"Hildebrand Rarities and Antiques\", a reference to the short story \"The Hildebrand Rarity\" from the For Your Eyes Only short story collection.[citation needed] Bond's torture by Blofeld mirrors his torture by the title character of Kingsley Amis' continuation novel Colonel Sun.[citation needed]",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Which Russian was involved in naming the Marshall Islands?
|
Adam Johann von Krusenstern
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Captain John Charles Marshall and Thomas Gilbert visited the islands in 1788. The islands were named for Marshall on Western charts, although the natives have historically named their home \"jolet jen Anij\" (Gifts from God). Around 1820, Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern and the French explorer Louis Isidore Duperrey named the islands after John Marshall, and drew maps of the islands. The designation was repeated later on British maps.[citation needed] In 1824 the crew of the American whaler Globe mutinied and some of the crew put ashore on Mulgrave Island. One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Whose recording of Hallelujah became successful again after being performed on American Idol?
|
Jeff Buckley
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "David Archuleta's performance of John Lennon's \"Imagine\" was considered by many as one of the best of the season. Jennifer Lopez, who was brought in as a judge in season ten, called it a beautiful song-moment that she will never forget. Jason Castro's semi-final performance of \"Hallelujah\" also received considerable attention, and it propelled Jeff Buckley's version of the song to the top of the Billboard digital song chart. This was the first season in which contestants' recordings were released onto iTunes after their performances, and although sales information was not released so as not to prejudice the contest, leaked information indicated that contestants' songs frequently reached the top of iTunes sales charts.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
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] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What do people often have trouble remembering to do for DST?
|
change their clocks
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "DST's clock shifts have the obvious disadvantage of complexity. People must remember to change their clocks; this can be time-consuming, particularly for mechanical clocks that cannot be moved backward safely. People who work across time zone boundaries need to keep track of multiple DST rules, as not all locations observe DST or observe it the same way. The length of the calendar day becomes variable; it is no longer always 24 hours. Disruption to meetings, travel, broadcasts, billing systems, and records management is common, and can be expensive. During an autumn transition from 02:00 to 01:00, a clock reads times from 01:00:00 through 01:59:59 twice, possibly leading to confusion.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Around how many places were renamed when the Nazis entered Prussia?
|
1,500
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In 1938 the Nazis altered about one-third of the toponyms of the area, eliminating, Germanizing, or simplifying a number of Old Prussian names, as well as those Polish or Lithuanian names originating from colonists and refugees to Prussia during and after the Protestant Reformation. More than 1,500 places were ordered to be renamed by 16 July 1938 following a decree issued by Gauleiter and Oberpräsident Erich Koch and initiated by Adolf Hitler. Many who would not cooperate with the rulers of Nazi Germany were sent to concentration camps and held prisoner there until their death or liberation.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
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}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What city is the North Carolina Zoo in?
|
Asheboro
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The Piedmont Triad, or center of the state, is home to Krispy Kreme, Mayberry, Texas Pete, the Lexington Barbecue Festival, and Moravian cookies. The internationally acclaimed North Carolina Zoo in Asheboro attracts visitors to its animals, plants, and a 57-piece art collection along five miles of shaded pathways in the world's largest-land-area natural-habitat park. Seagrove, in the central portion of the state, attracts many tourists along Pottery Highway (NC Hwy 705). MerleFest in Wilkesboro attracts more than 80,000 people to its four-day music festival; and Wet 'n Wild Emerald Pointe water park in Greensboro is another attraction.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
When did a thick wave of smog first appear in Central and Eastern China?
|
2 December 2013
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "A dense wave of smog began in the Central and Eastern part of China on 2 December 2013 across a distance of around 1,200 kilometres (750 mi), including Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shanghai and Zhejiang. A lack of cold air flow, combined with slow-moving air masses carrying industrial emissions, collected airborne pollutants to form a thick layer of smog over the region. The heavy smog heavily polluted central and southern Jiangsu Province, especially in and around Nanjing, with its AQI pollution Index at \"severely polluted\" for five straight days and \"heavily polluted\" for nine. On 3 December 2013, levels of PM2.5 particulate matter average over 943 micrograms per cubic metre, falling to over 338 micrograms per cubic metre on 4 December 2013. Between 3:00 pm, 3 December and 2:00pm, 4 December local time, several expressways from Nanjing to other Jiangsu cities were closed, stranding dozens of passenger buses in Zhongyangmen bus station. From 5 to 6 December, Nanjing issued a red alert for air pollution and closed down all kindergarten through middle schools. Children's Hospital outpatient services increased by 33 percent; general incidence of bronchitis, pneumonia, upper respiratory tract infections significantly increased. The smog dissipated 12 December. Officials blamed the dense pollution on lack of wind, automobile exhaust emissions under low air pressure, and coal-powered district heating system in North China region. Prevailing winds blew low-hanging air masses of factory emissions (mostly SO2) towards China's east coast.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How much did GE agree to pay in claims for the pollution it caused in the Housatonic River and other sites?
|
$250 million
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In 1983, New York State Attorney General Robert Abrams filed suit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York to compel GE to pay for the cleanup of what was claimed to be more than 100,000 tons of chemicals dumped from their plant in Waterford, New York. In 1999, the company agreed to pay a $250 million settlement in connection with claims it polluted the Housatonic River (Pittsfield, Massachusetts) and other sites with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other hazardous substances.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
In which century did the Council of Trent occur?
|
16th
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Although Calvin and Huldrych Zwingli honored Mary as the Mother of God in the 16th century, they did so less than Martin Luther. Thus the idea of respect and high honor for Mary was not rejected by the first Protestants; but, they came to criticize the Roman Catholics for venerating Mary. Following the Council of Trent in the 16th century, as Marian veneration became associated with Catholics, Protestant interest in Mary decreased. During the Age of the Enlightenment any residual interest in Mary within Protestant churches almost disappeared, although Anglicans and Lutherans continued to honor her.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
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squad_v2
|
none
|
Besides the French and Swedish, who else occupied the island?
|
British
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Musée Territorial de St.-Barthélemy is a historical museum known as the \"St. Barts Municipal Museum\" also called the \"Wall House\" (musée – bibliothèque) in Gustavia, which is located on the far end of La Pointe. The museum is housed in an old stone house, a two-storey building which has been refurbished. The island’s history relating to French, Swedish and British period of occupation is well presented in the museum with photographs, maps and paintings. Also on display are the ancestral costumes, antique tools, models of Creole houses and ancient fishing boats. It also houses a library.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
When were Israelis evacuated from Gaza Strip?
|
2005
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In 2009[update], over 300,000 Israeli citizens lived in West Bank settlements such as Ma'ale Adumim and Ariel, including settlements that predated the establishment of the State of Israel and which were re-established after the Six-Day War, in cities such as Hebron and Gush Etzion. In 2011, there were 250,000 Jews living in East Jerusalem. 20,000 Israelis live in Golan Heights settlements. The total number of Israeli settlers is over 500,000 (6.5% of the Israeli population). Approximately 7,800 Israelis lived in settlements in the Gaza Strip, until they were evacuated by the government as part of its 2005 disengagement plan.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
In what year did the Tito-Stalin split occur?
|
1948
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The decorations were seldom displayed, however. After the Tito–Stalin split of 1948 and his inauguration as president in 1953, Tito rarely wore his uniform except when present in a military function, and then (with rare exception) only wore his Yugoslav ribbons for obvious practical reasons. The awards were displayed in full number only at his funeral in 1980. Tito's reputation as one of the Allied leaders of World War II, along with his diplomatic position as the founder of the Non-Aligned Movement, was primarily the cause of the favorable international recognition.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What office did Emperor Ming create?
|
Office for Price Adjustment and Stabilization
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Liquor was another profitable private industry nationalized by the central government in 98 BC. However, this was repealed in 81 BC and a property tax rate of two coins for every 0.2 L (0.05 gallons) was levied for those who traded it privately. By 110 BC Emperor Wu also interfered with the profitable trade in grain when he eliminated speculation by selling government-stored grain at a lower price than demanded by merchants. Apart from Emperor Ming's creation of a short-lived Office for Price Adjustment and Stabilization, which was abolished in 68 AD, central-government price control regulations were largely absent during the Eastern Han.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Which of CBC's channels were required to be relocated or reduced in power?
|
52 to 69
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "On August 18, 2011, the CRTC issued a decision that allows CBC's mandatory market rebroadcasting transmitters in analogue to remain on-air until August 31, 2012. Before that deadline, CBC's licence renewal process would take place and CBC's digital transition plans would be examined as part of that process. The requirement remains for all of CBC's full-power transmitters occupying channels 52 to 69 to either relocate to channels 2 to 51 or become low-power transmitters. In some cases, CBC has opted to reduce the power of existing transmitters to low-power transmitters, which will result in signal loss for some viewers.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
The president said the U.S. would be joining how many donor nations?
|
180
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In January 2009 President Barack Obama restored US funding to UNFPA, saying in a public statement that he would \"look forward to working with Congress to restore US financial support for the UN Population Fund. By resuming funding to UNFPA, the US will be joining 180 other donor nations working collaboratively to reduce poverty, improve the health of women and children, prevent HIV/AIDS and provide family planning assistance to women in 154 countries.\" ",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How many $10+ donations must Tucson city council candidates receive to get public funding?
|
200
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Tucson is known for being a trailblazer in voluntary partial publicly financed campaigns. Since 1985, both mayoral and council candidates have been eligible to receive matching public funds from the city. To become eligible, council candidates must receive 200 donations of $10 or more (300 for a mayoral candidate). Candidates must then agree to spending limits equal to 33¢ for every registered Tucson voter, or $79,222 in 2005 (the corresponding figures for mayor are 64¢ per registered voter, or $142,271 in 2003). In return, candidates receive matching funds from the city at a 1:1 ratio of public money to private donations. The only other limitation is that candidates may not exceed 75% of the limit by the date of the primary. Many cities, such as San Francisco and New York City, have copied this system, albeit with more complex spending and matching formulas.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
In what settlement is the pub known as The Old Forge located?
|
Inverie
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The highest pub in the United Kingdom is the Tan Hill Inn, Yorkshire, at 1,732 feet (528 m) above sea level. The remotest pub on the British mainland is The Old Forge in the village of Inverie, Lochaber, Scotland. There is no road access and it may only be reached by an 18-mile (29 km) walk over mountains, or a 7-mile (11 km) sea crossing. Likewise, The Berney Arms in Norfolk has no road access. It may be reached by foot or by boat, and by train as it is served by the nearby Berney Arms railway station, which likewise has no road access and serves no other settlement.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How much did Taiwan fine Dell for its practices?
|
NT$1 million
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In July 2009, Dell apologized after drawing the ire of the Taiwanese Consumer Protection Commission for twice refusing to honour a flood of orders against unusually low prices offered on its Taiwanese website. In the first instance, Dell offered a 19\" LCD panel for $15. In the second instance, Dell offered its Latitude E4300 notebook at NT$18,558 (US$580), 70% lower than usual price of NT$60,900 (US$1900). Concerning the E4300, rather than honour the discount taking a significant loss, the firm withdrew orders and offered a voucher of up to NT$20,000 (US$625) a customer in compensation. The consumer rights authorities in Taiwan fined Dell NT$1 million (US$31250) for customer rights infringements. Many consumers sued the firm for the unfair compensation. A court in southern Taiwan ordered the firm to deliver 18 laptops and 76 flat-panel monitors to 31 consumers for NT$490,000 (US$15,120), less than a third of the normal price. The court said the event could hardly be regarded as mistakes, as the prestigious firm said the company mispriced its products twice in Taiwanese website within 3 weeks.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What was Whitehead's title at the University of London in late 1918?
|
Dean of the Faculty of Science
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In 1918 Whitehead's academic responsibilities began to seriously expand as he accepted a number of high administrative positions within the University of London system, of which Imperial College London was a member at the time. He was elected Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of London in late 1918 (a post he held for four years), a member of the University of London's Senate in 1919, and chairman of the Senate's Academic (leadership) Council in 1920, a post which he held until he departed for America in 1924. Whitehead was able to exert his newfound influence to successfully lobby for a new history of science department, help establish a Bachelor of Science degree (previously only Bachelor of Arts degrees had been offered), and make the school more accessible to less wealthy students.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How much in dollars did the Houston area export in 2012?
|
$110.3 billion
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Houston is recognized worldwide for its energy industry—particularly for oil and natural gas—as well as for biomedical research and aeronautics. Renewable energy sources—wind and solar—are also growing economic bases in the city. The Houston Ship Channel is also a large part of Houston's economic base. Because of these strengths, Houston is designated as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network and global management consulting firm A.T. Kearney. The Houston area is the top U.S. market for exports, surpassing New York City in 2013, according to data released by the U.S. Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration. In 2012, the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land area recorded $110.3 billion in merchandise exports. Petroleum products, chemicals, and oil and gas extraction equipment accounted for approximately two-thirds of the metropolitan area's exports last year. The Top 3 destinations for exports were Mexico, Canada, and Brazil.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Which two large oceans existed during the Carboniferous period?
|
the Panthalassa and Paleo-Tethys
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The Carboniferous was a time of active mountain building, as the supercontinent Pangea came together. The southern continents remained tied together in the supercontinent Gondwana, which collided with North America-Europe (Laurussia) along the present line of eastern North America. This continental collision resulted in the Hercynian orogeny in Europe, and the Alleghenian orogeny in North America; it also extended the newly uplifted Appalachians southwestward as the Ouachita Mountains. In the same time frame, much of present eastern Eurasian plate welded itself to Europe along the line of the Ural mountains. There were two major oceans in the Carboniferous the Panthalassa and Paleo-Tethys. Other minor oceans were shrinking and eventually closed the Rheic Ocean (closed by the assembly of South and North America), the small, shallow Ural Ocean (which was closed by the collision of Baltica, and Siberia continents, creating the Ural Mountains) and Proto-Tethys Ocean.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How many newborn American babies were affected by thalidomide?
|
17
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The firm continued to pressure Kelsey and the agency to approve the application—until November 1961, when the drug was pulled off the German market because of its association with grave congenital abnormalities. Several thousand newborns in Europe and elsewhere suffered the teratogenic effects of thalidomide. Though the drug was never approved in the USA, the firm distributed Kevadon to over 1,000 physicians there under the guise of investigational use. Over 20,000 Americans received thalidomide in this \"study,\" including 624 pregnant patients, and about 17 known newborns suffered the effects of the drug.[citation needed]",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What is a condition that can cause symptoms of astham in children?
|
allergic rhinitis and sinusitis
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Many other conditions can cause symptoms similar to those of asthma. In children, other upper airway diseases such as allergic rhinitis and sinusitis should be considered as well as other causes of airway obstruction including: foreign body aspiration, tracheal stenosis or laryngotracheomalacia, vascular rings, enlarged lymph nodes or neck masses. Bronchiolitis and other viral infections may also produce wheezing. In adults, COPD, congestive heart failure, airway masses, as well as drug-induced coughing due to ACE inhibitors should be considered. In both populations vocal cord dysfunction may present similarly.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What did Newton's Nataural philosophy replace?
|
reliance on revelation and inspired truth.
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Following the Enlightenment's ideas, the reformers looked to the Scientific Revolution and industrial progress to solve the social problems which arose with the Industrial Revolution. Newton's natural philosophy combined a mathematics of axiomatic proof with the mechanics of physical observation, yielding a coherent system of verifiable predictions and replacing a previous reliance on revelation and inspired truth. Applied to public life, this approach yielded several successful campaigns for changes in social policy.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What was the name of Victoria's childhood dog?
|
Dash
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Victoria later described her childhood as \"rather melancholy\". Her mother was extremely protective, and Victoria was raised largely isolated from other children under the so-called \"Kensington System\", an elaborate set of rules and protocols devised by the Duchess and her ambitious and domineering comptroller, Sir John Conroy, who was rumoured to be the Duchess's lover. The system prevented the princess from meeting people whom her mother and Conroy deemed undesirable (including most of her father's family), and was designed to render her weak and dependent upon them. The Duchess avoided the court because she was scandalised by the presence of King William's bastard children, and perhaps prompted the emergence of Victorian morality by insisting that her daughter avoid any appearance of sexual impropriety. Victoria shared a bedroom with her mother every night, studied with private tutors to a regular timetable, and spent her play-hours with her dolls and her King Charles spaniel, Dash. Her lessons included French, German, Italian, and Latin, but she spoke only English at home.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How many pieces did Chopin write in 1841?
|
a dozen
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Chopin's output as a composer throughout this period declined in quantity year by year. Whereas in 1841 he had written a dozen works, only six were written in 1842 and six shorter pieces in 1843. In 1844 he wrote only the Op. 58 sonata. 1845 saw the completion of three mazurkas (Op. 59). Although these works were more refined than many of his earlier compositions, Zamoyski opines that \"his powers of concentration were failing and his inspiration was beset by anguish, both emotional and intellectual.\"",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
In what year did Eisenhower's presidency begin?
|
1953
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Dwight David \"Ike\" Eisenhower (/ˈaɪzənˌhaʊ.ər/ EYE-zən-HOW-ər; October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American politician and general who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 until 1961. He was a five-star general in the United States Army during World War II and served as Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe. He was responsible for planning and supervising the invasion of North Africa in Operation Torch in 1942–43 and the successful invasion of France and Germany in 1944–45 from the Western Front. In 1951, he became the first Supreme Commander of NATO.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
When Namibia was under South African administration, what was it called?
|
South-West Africa.
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Uprisings and demands by African leaders led the UN to assume direct responsibility over the territory. It recognised the South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO) as the official representative of the Namibian people in 1973. Namibia, however, remained under South African administration during this time as South-West Africa. Following internal violence, South Africa installed an interim administration in Namibia in 1985. Namibia obtained full independence from South Africa in 1990, with the exception of Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands, which remained under South African control until 1994.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How many ways did Raimon Panikkar believed cultural change can be based on?
|
29 ways
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenization, and transformation. Hence Modernization could be similar or related to the enlightenment but a 'looser' term set to ideal and values that flourish. a belief in objectivity progress. Also seen as a belief in a secular society (free from religious influences) example objective and rational, science vs religion and finally been modern means not being religious.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What insures minimal current leak during power rails instalation?
|
ceramic chairs
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The key advantage of the four-rail system is that neither running rail carries any current. This scheme was introduced because of the problems of return currents, intended to be carried by the earthed (grounded) running rail, flowing through the iron tunnel linings instead. This can cause electrolytic damage and even arcing if the tunnel segments are not electrically bonded together. The problem was exacerbated because the return current also had a tendency to flow through nearby iron pipes forming the water and gas mains. Some of these, particularly Victorian mains that predated London's underground railways, were not constructed to carry currents and had no adequate electrical bonding between pipe segments. The four-rail system solves the problem. Although the supply has an artificially created earth point, this connection is derived by using resistors which ensures that stray earth currents are kept to manageable levels. Power-only rails can be mounted on strongly insulating ceramic chairs to minimise current leak, but this is not possible for running rails which have to be seated on stronger metal chairs to carry the weight of trains. However, elastomeric rubber pads placed between the rails and chairs can now solve part of the problem by insulating the running rails from the current return should there be a leakage through the running rails.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Where did 22 of the relief team come from?
|
Armed Police General Hospital
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "An earthquake emergency relief team of 184 people (consisting of 12 people from the State Seismological Bureau, 150 from the Beijing Military Area Command, and 22 from the Armed Police General Hospital) left Beijing from Nanyuan Airport late May 12 in two military transport planes to travel to Wenchuan County.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What kinds of hotels does Brasilia have?
|
from inns, pensions and hostels to larger international chain hotels
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The city's planned design included specific areas for almost everything, including accommodation, Hotels Sectors North and South. New hotel facilities are being developed elsewhere, such as the hotels and tourism Sector North, located on the shores of Lake Paranoá. Brasília has a range of tourist accommodation from inns, pensions and hostels to larger international chain hotels. The city's restaurants cater to a wide range of foods from local and regional Brazilian dishes to international cuisine.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Madonna used what to benefit her career?
|
sexual imagery
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Madonna's use of sexual imagery has benefited her career and catalyzed public discourse on sexuality and feminism. As Roger Chapman documents in Culture Wars: An Encyclopedia of Issues, Viewpoints, and Voices, Volume 1 (2010), she has drawn frequent condemnation from religious organizations, social conservatives and parental watchdog groups for her use of explicit, sexual imagery and lyrics, religious symbolism, and otherwise \"irreverent\" behavior in her live performances. The Times wrote that she had \"started a revolution amongst women in music ... Her attitudes and opinions on sex, nudity, style and sexuality forced the public to sit up and take notice.\" Professor John Fiske noted that the sense of empowerment that Madonna offers is inextricably connected with the pleasure of exerting some control over the meanings of self, of sexuality, and of one's social relations. In Doing Gender in Media, Art and Culture (2009), the authors noted that Madonna, as a female celebrity, performer, and pop icon, is able to unsettle standing feminist reflections and debates. According to lesbian feminist Sheila Jeffreys, Madonna represents woman's occupancy of what Monique Wittig calls the category of sex, as powerful, and appears to gleefully embrace the performance of the sexual corvée allotted to women. Professor Sut Jhally has referred to Madonna as \"an almost sacred feminist icon.\"",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What script was developed with parts of Chinese characters?
|
katakana
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Despite their usurpation of imperial authority, the Fujiwara presided over a period of cultural and artistic flowering at the imperial court and among the aristocracy. There was great interest in graceful poetry and vernacular literature. Two types of phonetic Japanese script: katakana, a simplified script that was developed by using parts of Chinese characters, was abbreviated to hiragana, a cursive syllabary with a distinct writing method that was uniquely Japanese. Hiragana gave written expression to the spoken word and, with it, to the rise in Japan's famous vernacular literature, much of it written by court women who had not been trained in Chinese as had their male counterparts. Three late tenth century and early eleventh century women presented their views of life and romance at the Heian court in Kagerō Nikki by \"the mother of Fujiwara Michitsuna\", The Pillow Book by Sei Shōnagon and The Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu. Indigenous art also flourished under the Fujiwara after centuries of imitating Chinese forms. Vividly colored yamato-e, Japanese style paintings of court life and stories about temples and shrines became common in the mid- and late Heian periods, setting patterns for Japanese art to this day.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What was Jonathan Sterne's profession?
|
sound scholar
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "As sound scholar Jonathan Sterne notes, \"An Australian hacker acquired l3enc using a stolen credit card. The hacker then reverse-engineered the software, wrote a new user interface, and redistributed it for free, naming it \"thank you Fraunhofer\"\".",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Who attached a Game & Watch D-pad to the Famicom prototype?
|
Katsuyah Nakawaka
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The game pad controllers were more-or-less copied directly from the Game & Watch machines, although the Famicom design team originally wanted to use arcade-style joysticks, even taking apart ones from American game consoles to see how they worked. However, it was eventually decided that children might step on joysticks left on the floor and their durability was also questioned. Katsuyah Nakawaka attached a Game & Watch D-pad to the Famicom prototype and found that it was easy to use and had no discomfort. Ultimately though, they did install a 15-pin expansion port on the front of the console so that an arcade-style joystick could be used optionally. The controllers were hard-wired to the console with no connectors for cost reasons.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Who later confirmed that racial classifications were only to be upheld if they were necessary?
|
U.S. Supreme Court
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In the beginning, racial classifications that identified race were inherently suspect and subject to strict scrutiny. These classifications would only be upheld if necessary to promote a compelling governmental interest. Later the U.S. Supreme Court decided that racial classifications that benefited underrepresented minorities were to only be upheld if necessary and promoted a compelling governmental purpose. (See Richmond v. J.A. Croson Co.) There is no clear guidance about when government action is not \"compelling\", and such rulings are rare.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Which French newspaper was accused of being biased by Chinese State press agency Xinhua?
|
Libération
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The coverage of the events by the media came under scrutiny during the relay. Chinese media coverage of the torch relay has been distinct in a number of ways from coverage elsewhere. Western reporters in Beijing have described Chinese media coverage as partial and censored (for example when Chinese media did not broadcast Reporters Without Borders' disruption of the torch lighting ceremony), whereas Chinese netizens have in turn accused Western media coverage of being biased. The French newspaper Libération was criticised by the Chinese State press agency Xinhua for its allegedly biased reporting; Xinhua suggested that Libération needed \"a stinging slap in the face\" for having \"insulted the Olympic flame\" and \"supported a handful of saboteurs\".",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How does the Swiss economy rank worldwide by purchasing power parity?
|
thirty-sixth largest
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Switzerland has a stable, prosperous and high-tech economy and enjoys great wealth, being ranked as the wealthiest country in the world per capita in multiple rankings. In 2011 it was ranked as the wealthiest country in the world in per capita terms (with \"wealth\" being defined to include both financial and non-financial assets), while the 2013 Credit Suisse Global Wealth Report showed that Switzerland was the country with the highest average wealth per adult in 2013. It has the world's nineteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and the thirty-sixth largest by purchasing power parity. It is the twentieth largest exporter, despite its small size. Switzerland has the highest European rating in the Index of Economic Freedom 2010, while also providing large coverage through public services. The nominal per capita GDP is higher than those of the larger Western and Central European economies and Japan. If adjusted for purchasing power parity, Switzerland ranks 8th in the world in terms of GDP per capita, according to the World Bank and IMF (ranked 15th according to the CIA Worldfactbook).",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How would Vulgar Latin eventually differ from Classical Latin?
|
pronunciation
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The native language of the Romans was Latin. Although surviving Latin literature consists almost entirely of Classical Latin, an artificial and highly stylised and polished literary language from the 1st century BC, the actual spoken language was Vulgar Latin, which significantly differed from Classical Latin in grammar, vocabulary, and eventually pronunciation. Rome's expansion spread Latin throughout Europe, and over time Vulgar Latin evolved and dialectised in different locations, gradually shifting into a number of distinct Romance languages. Many of these languages, including French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian and Spanish, flourished, the differences between them growing greater over time. Although English is Germanic rather than Roman in origin, English borrows heavily from Latin and Latin-derived words.[citation needed]",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Ultimately Feynman decided to take a job at which college?
|
California Institute of Technology
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Despite yet another offer from the Institute for Advanced Study, Feynman rejected the Institute on the grounds that there were no teaching duties: Feynman felt that students were a source of inspiration and teaching was a diversion during uncreative spells. Because of this, the Institute for Advanced Study and Princeton University jointly offered him a package whereby he could teach at the university and also be at the institute.[citation needed] Feynman instead accepted an offer from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)—and as he says in his book Surely You're Joking Mr. Feynman!—because a desire to live in a mild climate had firmly fixed itself in his mind while he was installing tire chains on his car in the middle of a snowstorm in Ithaca.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What happened on BBC's Newsnight in 1998?
|
Peter Mandelson was "outed" by Matthew Parris
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In exchange for Rupert Murdoch's support, Blair agreed not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism – which John Major had withdrawn the country from in September 1992 after barely two years. Cabinet Minister Peter Mandelson was \"outed\" by Matthew Parris (a former Sun columnist) on BBC TV's Newsnight in November 1998. Misjudging public response, The Sun's editor David Yelland demanded to know in a front page editorial whether Britain was governed by a \"gay mafia\" of a \"closed world of men with a mutual self-interest\". Three days later the paper apologised in another editorial which said The Sun would never again reveal a person's sexuality unless it could be defended on the grounds of \"overwhelming public interest\".",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Where do people who are an exception to egalitarianism live?
|
Northwest Coast of North America
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Hunter-gatherers tend to have an egalitarian social ethos, although settled hunter-gatherers (for example, those inhabiting the Northwest Coast of North America) are an exception to this rule. Nearly all African hunter-gatherers are egalitarian, with women roughly as influential and powerful as men.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Where did the Qing find their officials?
|
imperial examination system
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The early Qing emperors adopted the bureaucratic structures and institutions from the preceding Ming dynasty but split rule between Han Chinese and Manchus, with some positions also given to Mongols. Like previous dynasties, the Qing recruited officials via the imperial examination system, until the system was abolished in 1905. The Qing divided the positions into civil and military positions, each having nine grades or ranks, each subdivided into a and b categories. Civil appointments ranged from attendant to the emperor or a Grand Secretary in the Forbidden City (highest) to being a prefectural tax collector, deputy jail warden, deputy police commissioner or tax examiner. Military appointments ranged from being a field marshal or chamberlain of the imperial bodyguard to a third class sergeant, corporal or a first or second class private.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
In 2014, millionaires made up what percentage of New York City's population?
|
4.6%
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "New York City has a high degree of income disparity as indicated by its Gini Coefficient of 0.5 for the city overall and 0.6 for Manhattan. The disparity is driven by wage growth in high-income brackets, while wages have stagnated for middle and lower-income brackets. In the first quarter of 2014, the average weekly wage in New York County (Manhattan) was $2,749, representing the highest total among large counties in the United States. In 2013, New York City had the highest number of billionaires of any city in the world, higher than the next five U.S. cities combined, including former Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg. New York also had the highest density of millionaires per capita among major U.S. cities in 2014, at 4.6% of residents. Lower Manhattan has been experiencing a baby boom, with the area south of Canal Street witnessing 1,086 births in 2010, 12% greater than 2009 and over twice the number born in 2001.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Who was in charge of the Governemnt at the time of Victorias ascession?
|
Lord Melbourne
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "At the time of her accession, the government was led by the Whig prime minister Lord Melbourne, who at once became a powerful influence on the politically inexperienced Queen, who relied on him for advice. Charles Greville supposed that the widowed and childless Melbourne was \"passionately fond of her as he might be of his daughter if he had one\", and Victoria probably saw him as a father figure. Her coronation took place on 28 June 1838 at Westminster Abbey. Over 400,000 visitors came to London for the celebrations. She became the first sovereign to take up residence at Buckingham Palace and inherited the revenues of the duchies of Lancaster and Cornwall as well as being granted a civil list allowance of £385,000 per year. Financially prudent, she paid off her father's debts.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
To whom was a new temple dedicated on the Alban Mount?
|
Jupiter Latiaris
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Rome's diplomatic agreement with her neighbours of Latium confirmed the Latin league and brought the cult of Diana from Aricia to the Aventine. and established on the Aventine in the \"commune Latinorum Dianae templum\": At about the same time, the temple of Jupiter Latiaris was built on the Alban mount, its stylistic resemblance to the new Capitoline temple pointing to Rome's inclusive hegemony. Rome's affinity to the Latins allowed two Latin cults within the pomoerium: and the cult to Hercules at the ara maxima in the Forum Boarium was established through commercial connections with Tibur. and the Tusculan cult of Castor as the patron of cavalry found a home close to the Forum Romanum: Juno Sospita and Juno Regina were brought from Italy, and Fortuna Primigenia from Praeneste. In 217, Venus was brought from Sicily and installed in a temple on the Capitoline hill.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Who have been jointly working on protection against cyberwarfare?
|
The Ministry of Defence and the Defence Forces
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The Ministry of Defence and the Defence Forces have been working on a cyberwarfare and defence formation for some years now. In 2007, a military doctrine of an e-military of Estonia was officially introduced as the country was under massive cyberattacks in 2007. The proposed aim of the e-military is to secure the vital infrastructure and e-infrastructure of Estonia. The main cyber warfare facility is the Computer Emergency Response Team of Estonia (CERT), founded in 2006. The organisation operates on security issues in local networks.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What were used to write Sanskrit?
|
Brahmic scripts
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Brahmi evolved into a multiplicity of Brahmic scripts, many of which were used to write Sanskrit. Roughly contemporary with the Brahmi, Kharosthi was used in the northwest of the subcontinent. Sometime between the fourth and eighth centuries, the Gupta script, derived from Brahmi, became prevalent. Around the eighth century, the Śāradā script evolved out of the Gupta script. The latter was displaced in its turn by Devanagari in the 11th or 12th century, with intermediary stages such as the Siddhaṃ script. In East India, the Bengali alphabet, and, later, the Odia alphabet, were used.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
In what ways was Howard similar to Paul Keating?
|
pursued privatisation of public utilities and the introduction of a broad based consumption tax
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Howard differed from his Labor predecessor Paul Keating in that he supported traditional Australian institutions like the Monarchy in Australia, the commemoration of ANZAC Day and the design of the Australian flag, but like Keating he pursued privatisation of public utilities and the introduction of a broad based consumption tax (although Keating had dropped support for a GST by the time of his 1993 election victory). Howard's premiership coincided with Al Qaeda's 11 September attacks on the United States. The Howard Government invoked the ANZUS treaty in response to the attacks and supported America's campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Grand theft Auto V was released in what year?
|
2013
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Santa Monica is featured in the video games True Crime: Streets of LA (2003), Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines (2004), Grand Theft Auto San Andreas (2004) as a fictional district - Santa Maria Beach, Destroy All Humans! (2004), Tony Hawk's American Wasteland (2005), L.A. Rush (2005), Midnight Club: Los Angeles (2008), Cars Race-O-Rama (2009), Grand Theft Auto V (2013) as a fictional district – Del Perro, Call of Duty: Ghosts (2013) as a fictional U.S. military base – Fort Santa Monica, The Crew (2014), Need for Speed (2015)",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
A party cannot base its claim of a fundamental change in circumstances if the change was brought about by what?
|
its own breach of the treaty
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "A party may claim that a treaty should be terminated, even absent an express provision, if there has been a fundamental change in circumstances. Such a change is sufficient if unforeseen, if it undermined the “essential basis” of consent by a party, if it radically transforms the extent of obligations between the parties, and if the obligations are still to be performed. A party cannot base this claim on change brought about by its own breach of the treaty. This claim also cannot be used to invalidate treaties that established or redrew political boundaries.[citation needed]",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What damaged the Eisenhower Pine in February 2014?
|
ice storm
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "A loblolly pine, known as the \"Eisenhower Pine\", was located on Augusta's 17th hole, approximately 210 yards (192 m) from the Masters tee. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, an Augusta National member, hit the tree so many times that, at a 1956 club meeting, he proposed that it be cut down. Not wanting to offend the president, the club's chairman, Clifford Roberts, immediately adjourned the meeting rather than reject the request. The tree was removed in February 2014 after an ice storm caused it significant damage.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Corruption aids what as far as the environment is concerned?
|
environmental destruction
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Corruption facilitates environmental destruction. While corrupt societies may have formal legislation to protect the environment, it cannot be enforced if officials can easily be bribed. The same applies to social rights worker protection, unionization prevention, and child labor. Violation of these laws rights enables corrupt countries to gain illegitimate economic advantage in the international market.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How many feet above sea level is the highest point of the Saxue Mountains?
|
24,790 ft
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Sichuan consists of two geographically very distinct parts. The eastern part of the province is mostly within the fertile Sichuan basin (which is shared by Sichuan with Chongqing Municipality). The western Sichuan consists of the numerous mountain ranges forming the easternmost part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which are known generically as Hengduan Mountains. One of these ranges, Daxue Mountains, contains the highest point of the province Gongga Shan, at 7,556 metres (24,790 ft) above sea level.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What ratio of all new HIV cases occur in those under age 21?
|
One-quarter
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In contemporary society, adolescents also face some risks as their sexuality begins to transform. While some of these, such as emotional distress (fear of abuse or exploitation) and sexually transmitted infections/diseases (STIs/STDs), including HIV/AIDS, are not necessarily inherent to adolescence, others such as teenage pregnancy (through non-use or failure of contraceptives) are seen as social problems in most western societies. One in four sexually active teenagers will contract an STI. Adolescents in the United States often chose \"anything but intercourse\" for sexual activity because they mistakenly believe it reduces the risk of STIs. Across the country, clinicians report rising diagnoses of herpes and human papillomavirus (HPV), which can cause genital warts, and is now thought to affect 15 percent of the teen population. Girls 15 to 19 have higher rates of gonorrhea than any other age group. One-quarter of all new HIV cases occur in those under the age of 21. Multrine also states in her article that according to a March survey by the Kaiser Family Foundation, eighty-one percent of parents want schools to discuss the use of condoms and contraception with their children. They also believe students should be able to be tested for STIs. Furthermore, teachers want to address such topics with their students. But, although 9 in 10 sex education instructors across the country believe that students should be taught about contraceptives in school, over one quarter report receiving explicit instructions from school boards and administrators not to do so. According to anthropologist Margaret Mead, the turmoil found in adolescence in Western society has a cultural rather than a physical cause; they reported that societies where young women engaged in free sexual activity had no such adolescent turmoil.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What did Herschel call the infrared spectrum?
|
Calorific Rays
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The discovery of infrared radiation is ascribed to William Herschel, the astronomer, in the early 19th century. Herschel published his results in 1800 before the Royal Society of London. Herschel used a prism to refract light from the sun and detected the infrared, beyond the red part of the spectrum, through an increase in the temperature recorded on a thermometer. He was surprised at the result and called them \"Calorific Rays\". The term 'Infrared' did not appear until late in the 19th century.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How can hunting actually increase the population of predators?
|
by removing territorial bounds that would otherwise be established
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Hunting is claimed to give resource managers an important tool in managing populations that might exceed the carrying capacity of their habitat and threaten the well-being of other species, or, in some instances, damage human health or safety.[citation needed] However, in most circumstances carrying capacity is determined by a combination habitat and food availability, and hunting for 'population control' has no effect on the annual population of species.[citation needed] In some cases, it can increase the population of predators such as coyotes by removing territorial bounds that would otherwise be established, resulting in excess neighbouring migrations into an area, thus artificially increasing the population. Hunting advocates[who?] assert that hunting reduces intraspecific competition for food and shelter, reducing mortality among the remaining animals. Some environmentalists assert[who?] that (re)introducing predators would achieve the same end with greater efficiency and less negative effect, such as introducing significant amounts of free lead into the environment and food chain.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What was the dominant religion of Persia before Islam?
|
Zoroastrianism
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Religious beliefs in the Eastern Empire and Persia were in flux during the late 6th and early 7th centuries. Judaism was an active proselytising faith, and at least one Arab political leader converted to it.[J] Christianity had active missions competing with the Persians' Zoroastrianism in seeking converts, especially among residents of the Arabian Peninsula. All these strands came together with the emergence of Islam in Arabia during the lifetime of Muhammad (d. 632). After his death, Islamic forces conquered much of the Eastern Empire and Persia, starting with Syria in 634–635 and reaching Egypt in 640–641, Persia between 637 and 642, North Africa in the later 7th century, and the Iberian Peninsula in 711. By 714, Islamic forces controlled much of the peninsula in a region they called Al-Andalus.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What does Bavaria refer to itself as?
|
Freistaaten
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The use of the term Länder (Lands) dates back to the Weimar Constitution of 1919. Before this time, the constituent states of the German Empire were called Staaten (States). Today, it is very common to use the term Bundesland (Federal Land). However, this term is not used officially, neither by the constitution of 1919 nor by the Basic Law (Constitution) of 1949. Three Länder call themselves Freistaaten (Free States, which is the old-fashioned German expression for Republic), Bavaria (since 1919), Saxony (originally since 1919 and again since 1990), and Thuringia (since 1994). There is little continuity between the current states and their predecessors of the Weimar Republic with the exception of the three free states, and the two city-states of Hamburg and Bremen.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
In what year did daily news broadcasts in Sankrit begin on state-run All India Radio?
|
1974
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Over 90 weeklies, fortnightlies and quarterlies are published in Sanskrit. Sudharma, a daily newspaper in Sanskrit, has been published out of Mysore, India, since 1970, while Sanskrit Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam started in Gujarat during the last five years. Since 1974, there has been a short daily news broadcast on state-run All India Radio. These broadcasts are also made available on the internet on AIR's website. Sanskrit news is broadcast on TV and on the internet through the DD National channel at 6:55 AM IST.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Who did George Sand write to when admitting having a strong affection for Frédéric?
|
Grzymała
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In 1836, at a party hosted by Marie d'Agoult, Chopin met the French author George Sand (born [Amantine] Aurore [Lucile] Dupin). Short (under five feet, or 152 cm), dark, big-eyed and a cigar smoker, she initially repelled Chopin, who remarked, \"What an unattractive person la Sand is. Is she really a woman?\" However, by early 1837 Maria Wodzińska's mother had made it clear to Chopin in correspondence that a marriage with her daughter was unlikely to proceed. It is thought that she was influenced by his poor health and possibly also by rumours about his associations with women such as d'Agoult and Sand. Chopin finally placed the letters from Maria and her mother in a package on which he wrote, in Polish, \"My tragedy\". Sand, in a letter to Grzymała of June 1838, admitted strong feelings for the composer and debated whether to abandon a current affair in order to begin a relationship with Chopin; she asked Grzymała to assess Chopin's relationship with Maria Wodzińska, without realising that the affair, at least from Maria's side, was over.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Which four of the world's most expensive stadiums are located in NYC?
|
MetLife Stadium, the new Yankee Stadium, Madison Square Garden, and Citi Field
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "New York City is home to the headquarters of the National Football League, Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, the National Hockey League, and Major League Soccer. The New York metropolitan area hosts the most sports teams in these five professional leagues. Participation in professional sports in the city predates all professional leagues, and the city has been continuously hosting professional sports since the birth of the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1882. The city has played host to over forty major professional teams in the five sports and their respective competing leagues, both current and historic. Four of the ten most expensive stadiums ever built worldwide (MetLife Stadium, the new Yankee Stadium, Madison Square Garden, and Citi Field) are located in the New York metropolitan area. Madison Square Garden, its predecessor, as well as the original Yankee Stadium and Ebbets Field, are some of the most famous sporting venues in the world, the latter two having been commemorated on U.S. postage stamps.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Antagonistic or antipathetic symbiosis are alternate names for what?
|
A parasitic relationship
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "A parasitic relationship is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed. This is also known as antagonistic or antipathetic symbiosis. Parasitic symbioses take many forms, from endoparasites that live within the host's body to ectoparasites that live on its surface. In addition, parasites may be necrotrophic, which is to say they kill their host, or biotrophic, meaning they rely on their host's surviving. Biotrophic parasitism is an extremely successful mode of life. Depending on the definition used, as many as half of all animals have at least one parasitic phase in their life cycles, and it is also frequent in plants and fungi. Moreover, almost all free-living animals are host to one or more parasite taxa. An example of a biotrophic relationship would be a tick feeding on the blood of its host.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What is used to embed a youtube video to a webpage?
|
HTML
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "YouTube offers users the ability to view its videos on web pages outside their website. Each YouTube video is accompanied by a piece of HTML that can be used to embed it on any page on the Web. This functionality is often used to embed YouTube videos in social networking pages and blogs. Users wishing to post a video discussing, inspired by or related to another user's video are able to make a \"video response\". On August 27, 2013, YouTube announced that it would remove video responses for being an underused feature. Embedding, rating, commenting and response posting can be disabled by the video owner.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What did many black migrate from florida
|
response to segregation, disfranchisement and agricultural depression, many African Americans migrated from Florida to northern cities
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "As of 2010, those of African ancestry accounted for 16.0% of Florida's population, which includes African Americans. Out of the 16.0%, 4.0% (741,879) were West Indian or Afro-Caribbean American. During the early 1900s, black people made up nearly half of the state's population. In response to segregation, disfranchisement and agricultural depression, many African Americans migrated from Florida to northern cities in the Great Migration, in waves from 1910 to 1940, and again starting in the later 1940s. They moved for jobs, better education for their children and the chance to vote and participate in society. By 1960 the proportion of African Americans in the state had declined to 18%. Conversely large numbers of northern whites moved to the state.[citation needed] Today, large concentrations of black residents can be found in northern and central Florida. Aside from blacks descended from African slaves brought to the US south, there are also large numbers of blacks of West Indian, recent African, and Afro-Latino immigrant origins, especially in the Miami/South Florida area. In 2010, Florida had the highest percentage of West Indians in the United States, with 2.0% (378,926) from Haitian ancestry, and 1.3% (236,950) Jamaican. All other (non-Hispanic) Caribbean nations were well below 0.1% of Florida residents.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What organization found no evidence that UNFPA had supported Chinese coercion?
|
Amnesty International
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "But Amnesty International found no evidence that UNFPA had supported the coercion. A 2001 study conducted by the pro-life Population Research Institute (PRI) falsely claimed that the UNFPA shared an office with the Chinese family planning officials who were carrying out forced abortions. \"We located the family planning offices, and in that family planning office, we located the UNFPA office, and we confirmed from family planning officials there that there is no distinction between what the UNFPA does and what the Chinese Family Planning Office does,\" said Scott Weinberg, a spokesman for PRI. However, United Nations Members disagreed and approved UNFPA’s new country program me in January 2006. The more than 130 members of the “Group of 77” developing countries in the United Nations expressed support for the UNFPA programmes. In addition, speaking for European democracies -- Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany -- the United Kingdom stated, ”UNFPA’s activities in China, as in the rest of the world, are in strict conformity with the unanimously adopted Programme of Action of the ICPD, and play a key role in supporting our common endeavor, the promotion and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms.” ",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What country was made a full partner in NATO as the result of the failure of EDC?
|
West Germany
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In 1954, Eisenhower articulated the domino theory in his outlook towards communism in Southeast Asia and also in Central America. He believed that if the communists were allowed to prevail in Vietnam, this would cause a succession of countries to fall to communism, from Laos through Malaysia and Indonesia ultimately to India. Likewise, the fall of Guatemala would end with the fall of neighboring Mexico. That year the loss of North Vietnam to the communists and the rejection of his proposed European Defence Community (EDC) were serious defeats, but he remained optimistic in his opposition to the spread of communism, saying \"Long faces don't win wars\". As he had threatened the French in their rejection of EDC, he afterwards moved to restore West Germany, as a full NATO partner.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Who wrote 'Empire of the Sun'?
|
J. G. Ballard
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "In 1987, as China began opening to Western capital investment, Spielberg shot the first American film in Shanghai since the 1930s, an adaptation of J. G. Ballard's autobiographical novel Empire of the Sun, starring John Malkovich and a young Christian Bale. The film garnered much praise from critics and was nominated for several Oscars, but did not yield substantial box office revenues. Reviewer Andrew Sarris called it the best film of the year and later included it among the best films of the decade. Spielberg was also a co-producer of the 1987 film *batteries not included.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
A stable Greece allowed it to have what?
|
strong economic growth
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The Byzantine recovery of lost provinces began toward the end of the 8th century and most of the Greek peninsula came under imperial control again, in stages, during the 9th century. This process was facilitated by a large influx of Greeks from Sicily and Asia Minor to the Greek peninsula, while at the same time many Slavs were captured and re-settled in Asia Minor and those that remained were assimilated. During the 11th and 12th centuries the return of stability resulted in the Greek peninsula benefiting from strong economic growth – much stronger than that of the Anatolian territories of the Empire.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What is one of the heaviest migratory funnels?
|
Batumi bottleneck
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Some large broad-winged birds rely on thermal columns of rising hot air to enable them to soar. These include many birds of prey such as vultures, eagles, and buzzards, but also storks. These birds migrate in the daytime. Migratory species in these groups have great difficulty crossing large bodies of water, since thermals only form over land, and these birds cannot maintain active flight for long distances. Mediterranean and other seas present a major obstacle to soaring birds, which must cross at the narrowest points. Massive numbers of large raptors and storks pass through areas such as the Strait of Messina, Gibraltar, Falsterbo, and the Bosphorus at migration times. More common species, such as the European honey buzzard Pernis apivorus, can be counted in hundreds of thousands in autumn. Other barriers, such as mountain ranges, can also cause funnelling, particularly of large diurnal migrants. This is a notable factor in the Central American migratory bottleneck. Batumi bottleneck in the Caucasus is one of the heaviest migratory funnels on earth. Avoiding flying over the Black Sea surface and across high mountains, hundreds of thousands of soaring birds funnel through an area around the city of Batumi, Georgia. Birds of prey such as honey buzzards which migrate using thermals lose only 10 to 20% of their weight during migration, which may explain why they forage less during migration than do smaller birds of prey with more active flight such as falcons, hawks and harriers.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
In what phylum are insects classified?
|
arthropod
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Insects (from Latin insectum, a calque of Greek ἔντομον [éntomon], \"cut into sections\") are a class of invertebrates within the arthropod phylum that have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae. They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms. The number of extant species is estimated at between six and ten million, and potentially represent over 90% of the differing animal life forms on Earth. Insects may be found in nearly all environments, although only a small number of species reside in the oceans, a habitat dominated by another arthropod group, crustaceans.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What liberal arts type colleges are in Cork?
|
Cork School of Music and Crawford College of Art and Design
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The National Maritime College of Ireland is also located in Cork and is the only college in Ireland in which Nautical Studies and Marine Engineering can be undertaken. CIT also incorporates the Cork School of Music and Crawford College of Art and Design as constituent schools. The Cork College of Commerce is the largest post-Leaving Certificate college in Ireland and is also the biggest provider of Vocational Preparation and Training courses in the country.[citation needed] Other 3rd level institutions include Griffith College Cork, a private institution, and various other colleges.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What have courts in both the UK and the US found the Watch Tower Society to have been for failing to protect children from sexual predators within the congregation?
|
negligent
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The religion's failure to report abuse allegations to authorities has also been criticized. The Watch Tower Society's policy is that elders inform authorities when required by law to do so, but otherwise leave that action up to the victim and his or her family. The Australian Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse found that of 1006 alleged perpetrators of child sexual abuse identified by the Jehovah's Witnesses within their organization since 1950, \"not one was reported by the church to secular authorities.\" William Bowen, a former Jehovah's Witness elder who established the Silentlambs organization to assist sex abuse victims within the religion, has claimed Witness leaders discourage followers from reporting incidents of sexual misconduct to authorities, and other critics claim the organization is reluctant to alert authorities in order to protect its \"crime-free\" reputation. In court cases in the United Kingdom and the United States the Watch Tower Society has been found to have been negligent in its failure to protect children from known sex offenders within the congregation and the Society has settled other child abuse lawsuits out of court, reportedly paying as much as $780,000 to one plaintiff without admitting wrongdoing.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Eye gaze, vocalization and body posture are examples of what?
|
Dog communication
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Dog communication is about how dogs \"speak\" to each other, how they understand messages that humans send to them, and how humans can translate the ideas that dogs are trying to transmit.:xii These communication behaviors include eye gaze, facial expression, vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs) and gustatory communication (scents, pheromones and taste). Humans communicate with dogs by using vocalization, hand signals and body posture.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Why did the plane have to land twice before reaching Bermuda?
|
once because of darkness and again to refuel
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "After several failed attempts, in 1930 the first aeroplane reached Bermuda. A Stinson Detroiter seaplane flying from New York, it had to land twice in the ocean: once because of darkness and again to refuel. Navigation and weather forecasting improved in 1933 when the Royal Air Force (then responsible for providing equipment and personnel for the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm) established a station at the Royal Naval Dockyard to repair (and supply replacement) float planes for the fleet. In 1936 Luft Hansa began to experiment with seaplane flights from Berlin via the Azores with continuation to New York City.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Arab countries entered the financial crisis in exceptionally strong positions giving them a cushion against this?
|
global downturn
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The World Bank reported in February 2009 that the Arab World was far less severely affected by the credit crunch. With generally good balance of payments positions coming into the crisis or with alternative sources of financing for their large current account deficits, such as remittances, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) or foreign aid, Arab countries were able to avoid going to the market in the latter part of 2008. This group is in the best position to absorb the economic shocks. They entered the crisis in exceptionally strong positions. This gives them a significant cushion against the global downturn. The greatest impact of the global economic crisis will come in the form of lower oil prices, which remains the single most important determinant of economic performance. Steadily declining oil prices would force them to draw down reserves and cut down on investments. Significantly lower oil prices could cause a reversal of economic performance as has been the case in past oil shocks. Initial impact will be seen on public finances and employment for foreign workers.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What was for the form of architectural Cubism in Prague called?
|
Rondo-Cubism
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The original Cubist architecture is very rare. There is only one country in the world where Cubism was really applied to architecture – namely Bohemia (today Czech Republic) and especially its capital, Prague. Czech architects were the first and only ones in the world to ever design original Cubist buildings. Cubist architecture flourished for the most part between 1910–1914, but the Cubist or Cubism-influenced buildings were also built after the World War I. After the war, the architectural style called Rondo-Cubism was developed in Prague fusing the Cubist architecture with round shapes.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What describes the connection between the conditions of cyclic existence?
|
The Twelve Nidānas
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The Twelve Nidānas describe a causal connection between the subsequent characteristics or conditions of cyclic existence, each one giving rise to the next:",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
What major group did not sign the peace agreement immediately?
|
CPJP
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "The Syrte Agreement in February and the Birao Peace Agreement in April 2007 called for a cessation of hostilities, the billeting of FDPC fighters and their integration with FACA, the liberation of political prisoners, integration of FDPC into government, an amnesty for the UFDR, its recognition as a political party, and the integration of its fighters into the national army. Several groups continued to fight but other groups signed on to the agreement, or similar agreements with the government (e.g. UFR on 15 December 2008). The only major group not to sign an agreement at the time was the CPJP, which continued its activities and signed a peace agreement with the government on 25 August 2012.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
How large is the Gateway National recreation Area in hectares?
|
10,521.83
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Gateway National Recreation Area contains over 26,000 acres (10,521.83 ha) in total, most of it surrounded by New York City, including the Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge in Brooklyn and Queens, over 9,000 acres (36 km2) of salt marsh, islands, and water, including most of Jamaica Bay. Also in Queens, the park includes a significant portion of the western Rockaway Peninsula, most notably Jacob Riis Park and Fort Tilden. In Staten Island, the park includes Fort Wadsworth, with historic pre-Civil War era Battery Weed and Fort Tompkins, and Great Kills Park, with beaches, trails, and a marina.",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
Who took over after Athanasius?
|
George of Cappadocia
|
[
{
"docid": "none",
"url": "none",
"title": "none",
"headings": "none",
"segment": "Through the influence of the Eusebian faction at Constantinople, an Arian bishop, George of Cappadocia, was now appointed to rule the see of Alexandria. Athanasius, after remaining some days in the neighbourhood of the city, finally withdrew into the desert of Upper Egypt, where he remained for a period of six years, living the life of the monks, devoting himself to the composition of a group of writings; \"Apology to Constantius\", the \"Apology for his Flight\", the \"Letter to the Monks\", and the \"History of the Arians\".",
"start_char": 0,
"end_char": 0,
"id": "0"
}
] |
squad_v2
|
none
|
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