id
stringlengths 1
8
| contents
stringlengths 0
3.1k
| title
stringlengths 1
243
| wikipedia_id
stringlengths 2
8
|
|---|---|---|---|
100 | Latin alpha, is used in contrast with Latin "a" (such as in the International Phonetic Alphabet).
Use in writing systems.
Use in writing systems English.
In modern English orthography, the letter represents at least seven different vowel sounds:
- the near-open front unrounded vowel as in "pad";
- the open back unrounded vowel as in "father", which is closer to its original Latin and Greek sound;
- the diphthong as in "ace" and " | A | 290 |
101 | major" (usually when is followed by one, or occasionally two, consonants and then another vowel letter) – this results from Middle English lengthening followed by the Great Vowel Shift;
- the modified form of the above sound that occurs before, as in "square" and "Mary";
- the rounded vowel of "water";
- the shorter rounded vowel (not present in General American) in "was" and "what";
- a schwa, in many unstressed syllables, | A | 290 |
102 | as in "about", "comma", "solar".
The double sequence does not occur in native English words, but is found in some words derived from foreign languages such as "Aaron" and "aardvark". However, occurs in many common digraphs, all with their own sound or sounds, particularly , , , , and .
Use in writing systems Other languages.
In most languages that use the Latin alphabet, denotes an open unrounded vowel, such as , , or . An exception | A | 290 |
103 | is Saanich, in which (and the glyph Á) stands for a close-mid front unrounded vowel .
Use in writing systems Other systems.
In phonetic and phonemic notation:
- in the International Phonetic Alphabet, is used for the open front unrounded vowel, is used for the open central unrounded vowel, and is used for the open back unrounded vowel.
- in X-SAMPA, is used for the open front unrounded vowel and is used for the open back unrounded vowel.
Other uses. | A | 290 |
104 | In algebra, the letter "a" along with other letters at the beginning of the alphabet is used to represent known quantities, whereas the letters at the end of the alphabet ("x", "y", "z") are used to denote unknown quantities.
In geometry, capital A, B, C etc. are used to denote segments, lines, rays, etc. A capital A is also typically used as one of the letters to represent an angle in a triangle, the | A | 290 |
105 | lowercase a representing the side opposite angle A.
"A" is often used to denote something or someone of a better or more prestigious quality or status: A-, A or A+, the best grade that can be assigned by teachers for students' schoolwork; "A grade" for clean restaurants; A-list celebrities, etc. Such associations can have a motivating effect, as exposure to the letter A has been found to improve performance, when compared with other letters.
"A" is used as a | A | 290 |
106 | prefix on some words, such as asymmetry, to mean "not" or "without" (from Greek).
In English grammar, "a", and its variant "an", is an indefinite article.
Finally, the letter A is used to denote size, as in a narrow size shoe, or a small cup size in a brassiere.
Related characters.
Related characters Descendants and related characters in the Latin alphabet.
- Æ æ : Latin "AE" ligature
- A | A | 290 |
107 | with diacritics: Å å Ǻ ǻ Ḁ ḁ ẚ Ă ă Ặ ặ Ắ ắ Ằ ằ Ẳ ẳ Ẵ ẵ Ȃ ȃ Â â Ậ ậ Ấ ấ Ầ ầ Ẫ ẫ Ẩ ẩ Ả ả Ǎ ǎ Ⱥ ⱥ Ȧ ȧ Ǡ ǡ Ạ ạ Ä ä Ǟ ǟ À à Ȁ ȁ Á á Ā ā Ā̀ ā̀ Ã ã Ą ą Ą́ ą́ Ą̃ ą̃ A̲ a̲ ᶏ
- Phonetic alphabet symbols related to A (the International Phonetic Alphabet only uses lowercase, but uppercase forms are used in some other writing systems | A | 290 |
108 | ):
- Ɑ ɑ : Latin letter alpha / script A, which represents an open back unrounded vowel in the IPA
- ᶐ : Latin small letter alpha with retroflex hook
- Ɐ ɐ : Turned A, which represents a near-open central vowel in the IPA
- Λ ʌ : Turned V (also called a wedge, a caret, or a hat), which represents an open-mid back unrounded vowel in the IPA
- Ɒ ɒ : Turned alpha / script A, which represents | A | 290 |
109 | an open back rounded vowel in the IPA
- ᶛ : Modifier letter small turned alpha
- ᴀ : Small capital A, an obsolete or non-standard symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet used to represent various sounds (mainly open vowels)
- ᴬ ᵃ ᵄ : Modifier letters are used in the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet (UPA)
- ₐ : Subscript small a is used in Indo-European studies
- ꬱ : Small letter a reversed-schwa is used in the Teuthonista phonetic transcription system
- Ꞻ | A | 290 |
110 | ꞻ : Glottal A, used in the transliteration of Ugaritic
Related characters Derived signs, symbols and abbreviations.
- ª : an ordinal indicator
- Å : Ångström sign
- ∀ : a turned capital letter A, used in predicate logic to specify universal quantification ("for all")
- @ : At sign
- ₳ : Argentine austral
Related characters Ancestors and siblings in other alphabets.
- �� : Semitic letter Aleph, from which the following symbols originally derive
- Α α : Greek | A | 290 |
111 | letter Alpha, from which the following letters derive
- А а : Cyrillic letter A
- : Coptic letter Alpha
- �� : Old Italic A, which is the ancestor of modern Latin A
- : Runic letter ansuz, which probably derives from old Italic A
- : Gothic letter aza/asks
External links.
- History of the Alphabet | A | 290 |
112 | List of Atlas Shrugged characters
This is a list of characters in Ayn Rand's novel "Atlas Shrugged."
Major characters.
The following are major characters from the novel.
Major characters Protagonists.
Major characters Protagonists Dagny Taggart.
Dagny Taggart is the protagonist of the novel. She is Vice-President in Charge of Operations for Taggart Transcontinental, under her brother, James Taggart. Given James' incompetence, Dagny is responsible for all the workings of the railroad.
Major characters Protagonists Francisco d'Anconia.
Francisco d'Anconia is | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
113 | one of the central characters in "Atlas Shrugged", an owner by inheritance of the world's largest copper mining operation. He is a childhood friend, and the first love, of Dagny Taggart. A child prodigy of exceptional talents, Francisco was dubbed the "climax" of the d'Anconia line, an already prestigious family of skilled industrialists. He was a classmate of John Galt and Ragnar Danneskjöld and student of both Hugh Akston and Robert Stadler. He began working while still in school, proving that he could have made | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
114 | a fortune without the aid of his family's wealth and power. Later, Francisco bankrupts the d'Anconia business to put it out of others' reach. His full name is given as "Francisco Domingo Carlos Andres Sebastián d'Anconia".
Major characters Protagonists John Galt.
John Galt is the primary male hero of "Atlas Shrugged". He initially appears as an unnamed menial worker for Taggart Transcontinental, who often dines with Eddie Willers in the employees' cafeteria, and leads Eddie to reveal important information about Dagny Taggart and Taggart Transcontinental | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
115 | . Only Eddie's side of their conversations is given in the novel. Later in the novel, the reader discovers this worker's true identity.
Before working for Taggart Transcontinental, Galt worked as an engineer for the Twentieth Century Motor Company, where he secretly invented a generator of usable electric energy from ambient static electricity, but abandoned his prototype, and his employment, when dissatisfied by an easily corrupted novel system of payment. This prototype was found by Dagny Taggart and Hank Rearden. Galt himself remains concealed throughout much of | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
116 | the novel, working a job and living by himself, where he unites the most skillful inventors and business leaders under his leadership. Much of the book's third division is given to his broadcast speech, which presents the author's philosophy of Objectivism.
Major characters Protagonists Henry "Hank" Rearden.
Henry (known as "Hank") Rearden is one of the central characters in "Atlas Shrugged". He owns the most important steel company in the United States, and invents Rearden Metal, an alloy stronger than steel | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
117 | (with similar properties to stainless steel). He lives in Philadelphia with his wife Lillian, his brother Philip, and his elderly mother. Rearden represents a type of self-made man or prototypical hero, and illustrates Rand's theory of sex in so far as he accepts the traditional view of sexual congress as a subhuman instinct, but responds sexually to Dagny Taggart. Rearden eventually divorces Lillian, abandons his steel mills following a bloody assault by government-planted workers, and joins John Galt's strike.
Major characters Protagonists Eddie | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
118 | Willers.
Edwin "Eddie" Willers is the Special Assistant to the Vice-President in Charge of Operations at Taggart Transcontinental. His father and grandfather worked for the Taggarts, and himself likewise. He is completely loyal to Dagny and to Taggart Transcontinental. Willers does not possess the creative ability of Galt's associates, but matches them in moral courage and is capable of appreciating and making use of their creations. After Dagny shifts her attention and loyalty to saving the captive Galt, Willers maintains the railroad until its collapse. | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
119 | Major characters Protagonists Ragnar Danneskjöld.
One of Galt's first followers, and world-famous as a pirate, who seizes relief ships sent from the United States to the People's States of Europe. He works to ensure that once those espousing Galt's philosophy are restored to their rightful place in society, they have enough capital to rebuild the world. Kept in the background for much of the book, Danneskjöld makes a personal appearance to encourage Rearden to persevere in his increasingly difficult situation, and gives him a bar of gold | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
120 | as compensation for the income taxes he has paid over the last several years. Danneskjöld is married to the actress Kay Ludlow; their relationship is kept hidden from the outside world, which only knows of Ludlow as a retired film star. Considered a misfit by Galt's other adherents, he views his actions as a means to speed the world along in understanding Galt's perspective.
According to Barbara Branden, who was closely associated with Rand at the time the book was written, there were sections written describing Danneskjöld's adventures | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
121 | at sea, cut from the final published text. In a 1974 comment at a lecture, Ayn Rand admitted that Danneskjöld's name was a tribute to Victor Hugo's novel, , wherein the hero becomes the first of the Counts of Danneskjöld. In the published book, Danneskjöld is always seen through the eyes of others (Dagny Taggart or Hank Rearden), except for a brief paragraph in the very last chapter.
Major characters Antagonists.
Major characters Antagonists James Taggart.
The President of Taggart Transcontinental and the book's most | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
122 | important antagonist. Taggart is an expert influence peddler but incapable of making operational decisions on his own. He relies on his sister, Dagny Taggart, to actually run the railroad, but nonetheless opposes her in almost every endeavor because of his various anti-capitalist moral and political beliefs. In a sense, he is the antithesis of Dagny. This contradiction leads to the recurring absurdity of his life: the desire to overcome those on whom his life depends, and the horror that he will succeed at this. In the final | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
123 | chapters of the novel, he suffers a complete mental breakdown upon realizing that he can no longer deceive himself in this respect.
Major characters Antagonists Lillian Rearden.
The unsupportive wife of Hank Rearden, who dislikes his habits and (secretly at first) seeks to ruin Rearden to prove her own value. Lillian achieves this, when she passes information to James Taggart about her husband's affair with his sister. This information is used to persuade Rearden to sign a Gift Certificate which delivers all the property rights of Rearden Metal to others | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
124 | . Lillian thereafter uses James Taggart for sexual satisfaction, until Hank abandons her.
Major characters Antagonists Dr. Floyd Ferris.
Ferris is a biologist who works as "co-ordinator" at the State Science Institute. He uses his position there to deride reason and productive achievement, and publishes a book entitled "Why Do You Think You Think?" He clashes on several occasions with Hank Rearden, and twice attempts to blackmail Rearden into giving up Rearden Metal. He is also one of the group of looters who tries to | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
125 | get Rearden to agree to the Steel Unification Plan. Ferris hosts the demonstration of the Project X weapon, and is the creator of the Ferris Persuader, a torture machine. When John Galt is captured by the looters, Ferris uses the device on Galt, but it breaks down before extracting the information Ferris wants from Galt. Ferris represents the group which uses brute force on the heroes to achieve the ends of the looters.
Major characters Antagonists Dr. Robert Stadler.
A former professor at Patrick Henry University, and along with | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
126 | colleague Hugh Akston, mentor to Francisco d'Anconia, John Galt and Ragnar Danneskjöld. He has since become a sell-out, one who had great promise but squandered it for social approval, to the detriment of the free. He works at the State Science Institute where all his inventions are perverted for use by the military, including a sound-based weapon known as Project X (Xylophone). He is killed when Cuffy Meigs (see below) drunkenly overloads the circuits of Project X, causing it to destroy itself and | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
127 | every structure and living thing in a 100-mile radius. The character was, in part, modeled on J. Robert Oppenheimer, whom Rand had interviewed for an earlier project, and his part in the creation of nuclear weapons. To his former student Galt, Stadler represents the epitome of human evil, as the "man who knew better" but chose not to act for the good.
Major characters Antagonists Wesley Mouch.
The incompetent and treacherous lobbyist whom Hank Rearden reluctantly employs in Washington, who rises to prominence and authority throughout the | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
128 | novel through trading favours and disloyalty. In return for betraying Hank by helping broker the Equalization of Opportunity Bill (which, by restricting the number of businesses each person may own to one, forces Hank to divest most of his companies), he is given a senior position at the Bureau of Economic Planning and National Resources. Later in the novel he becomes its Top Co-ordinator, a position that eventually becomes Economic Dictator of the country.
Secondary characters.
The following secondary characters also appear in the novel. | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
129 | - Hugh Akston is identified as "One of the last great advocates of reason." He was a renowned philosopher and the head of the Department of Philosophy at Patrick Henry University, where he taught Francisco d'Anconia, John Galt, and Ragnar Danneskjöld. He was, along with Robert Stadler, a father figure to these three. Akston's name is so hallowed that a young lady, on hearing that Francisco had studied under him, is shocked. She thought he must have been one of those great names from an | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
130 | earlier century. He now works as a cook in a roadside diner, and proves extremely skillful at the job. When Dagny tracks him down, and before she discovers his true identity, he rejects her enthusiastic offer to manage the dining car services for Taggart Transcontinental. He is based on Aristotle.
- Jeff Allen is a tramp who stows away on a Taggart train during one of Dagny's cross-country trips. Instead of throwing him out, she allows him to ride as her guest. It is from Allen | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
131 | that she learns the full story behind the collapse of the Twentieth Century Motor Company (Rand's extensive metaphor for the inherent flaws of communism), as well as a hint of John Galt's true background.
- Calvin Atwood is owner of Atwood Light and Power Company and joins Galt's strike.
- Mayor Bascom is the mayor of Rome, Wisconsin, who reveals part of the history of the Twentieth Century Motor Company.
- Dr. Blodgett is the scientist who pulls the lever to demonstrate Project X.
- | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
132 | Orren Boyle is the head of Associated Steel, antithesis of Hank Rearden and a friend of James Taggart. He is an investor in the San Sebastián Mines. He disappears from the story after having a nervous breakdown following the failed 'unification' of the steel industry.
- Laura Bradford is an actress and Kip Chalmers' mistress. She is one of the passengers on his train, and dies in the Taggart Tunnel disaster.
- Bill Brent is the chief dispatcher for the Colorado Division of Taggart Transcontinental, who tries | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
133 | to prevent the Taggart Tunnel disaster.
- Cherryl Brooks is a dime store shopgirl who marries James Taggart after a chance encounter in her store the night the John Galt Line was falsely deemed his greatest success. She marries him thinking he is the heroic person behind Taggart Transcontinental. Cherryl is at first harsh towards Dagny, having believed Jim Taggart's descriptions of his sister, until she questions employees of the railroad. Upon learning that her scorn had been misdirected, Cherryl puts off apologizing to Dagny out of shame, but eventually | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
134 | admits to Dagny that when she married Jim, she thought he had the heroic qualities that she had looked up to - she thought she was marrying someone like Dagny. Shortly after making this admission, she commits suicide by jumping over a street guardrail to her death, unable to live with her worthless husband and seeing no way to escape him.
- Millie Bush was "a mean, ugly little eight-year-old" girl voted to receive gold braces to straighten her teeth by the Marxist "family" committee | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
135 | who determined how pay was allocated at The Twentieth Century Motor Company. Her teeth are later knocked out by a man denied an allowance by the committee to purchase the things he valued.
- Emma Chalmers, Kip Chalmers' mother, gains some influence after his death. Known as "Kip's Ma," she starts a soybean-growing project in Louisiana and commandeers thousands of railroad freight cars to move the harvest. As a result, the year's wheat crop from Minnesota never reaches the rest of the country, | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
136 | but instead rots in storage; also, the soybean crop is lost, having been reaped too early.
- Kip Chalmers is a Washington man who has decided to run for election as Legislator from California. On the way to a campaign rally, the Taggart Transcontinental train that is carrying him encounters a split rail, resulting in the destruction of its diesel engine. His demands lead to a coal-burning steam engine being attached to his train in its stead and used to pull it through an eight-mile tunnel. | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
137 | The result is the suffocation of all passengers and the destruction of the Taggart Tunnel.
- Dan Conway is the middle-aged president of the Phoenix-Durango railroad. Running a railroad is just about the only thing he knows. When the Anti-dog-eat-dog Rule is used to drive his business out of Colorado, he loses the will to fight, and resigns himself to a quiet life of books and fishing.
- Ken Danagger owns Danagger Coal in Pennsylvania. He helps Hank Rearden illegally make | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
138 | Rearden Metal, then later decides to quit and join Galt's strike moments before Dagny arrives to try to persuade him otherwise.
- Quentin Daniels is an enterprising engineer hired by Dagny Taggart to reconstruct John Galt's motor. Partway through this process, Quentin withdraws his effort for the same reasons John Galt himself had. Dagny's pursuit of Quentin leads her to Galt's Gulch.
- Sebastian d'Anconia was the 16th (or 17th) Century founder of the d'Anconia dynasty. Escaped from Spain because of expressing his opinions too | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
139 | freely and coming in conflict with the Inquisition, leaving behind a palace and his beloved. Started a small mine in South America, which became the beginning of a mining empire and a new fortune (and a new palace). Eventually sent for his beloved who had waited for him many years. He is the role model which Francisco d'Anconia looks to, as Dagny Taggart looks to Nathaniel Taggart. Francisco remarks that their respective ancestors would have liked each other.
- Balph Eubank is called "the literary leader of the | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
140 | age", despite the fact that no book he has written has sold more than 3,000 copies. He complains that it is disgraceful that artists are treated as peddlers, and that there should be a law limiting the sales of books to 10,000 copies. He is a misogynist who thinks it disgusting that Dagny Taggart is a railroad vice-president.
- The Fishwife is one of the strikers, who earns her living by providing the fish for Hammond's grocery market; she is described as having "dark, disheveled hair | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
141 | and large eyes", and is a writer. Galt says she "wouldn't be published outside. She believes that when one deals with words, one deals with the mind." According to Barbara Branden in her book "The Passion of Ayn Rand", "The Fishwife is Ayn's Hitchcock-like appearance in "Atlas Shrugged"." So says too Leonard Peikoff.
- Lawrence Hammond runs Hammond Cars in Colorado, one of the few companies in existence that still produces top-quality vehicles. He | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
142 | eventually quits and joins the strike.
- Richard Halley is Dagny Taggart's favorite composer, who mysteriously disappeared after the evening of his greatest triumph. Halley spent years as a struggling and unappreciated composer. At age 24, his opera "Phaethon" was performed for the first time, to an audience who booed and heckled it. After 19 years, "Phaethon" was performed again, but this time it was received to the greatest ovation the opera house had ever heard. The following day, Halley retired, sold | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
143 | the rights to his music, and disappeared. It is later revealed that he has joined the strike and settled in Galt's Gulch.
- Mrs. William Hastings is the widow of the chief engineer at the Twentieth Century Motor Company. Her husband quit shortly after Galt did and joined the strike some years later. Her lead allows Dagny to find Hugh Akston.
- Dr. Thomas Hendricks is a famous brain surgeon who developed a new method of preventing strokes. He joined Galt's strike when the American medical system was put | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
144 | under government control.
- Tinky Holloway is one of the "looters" and is frequently referred to and quoted by other characters in the story, but he has only one major appearance: during the Washington meeting with Hank Rearden.
- Lee Hunsacker is in charge of a company called Amalgamated Service when takes over the Twentieth Century Motor Company. He files a lawsuit that eventually leads to Midas Mulligan and Judge Narragansett joining the strike. A failed businessman, he laments constantly that no-one ever gave him a chance | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
145 | .
- Gwen Ives is Hank Rearden's secretary, described as being in her late twenties and remaining calm and professional despite the chaos that threatens his business. When Rearden abandons his mills and joins Galt's strike, she and many other employees do the same.
- Gilbert Keith-Worthing is a British novelist of erstwhile fame, now neglected but still considered a "walking classic," and a proponent of the idea that freedom is an illusion. Kip Chalmers brings him along on the train to California, " | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
146 | for no reason that either of them could discover"; he dies in the Taggart Tunnel disaster.
- Owen Kellogg is Assistant to the Manager of the Taggart Terminal in New York. He catches Dagny Taggart's eye as one of the few competent men on staff. After seeing the sorry state of the Ohio Division, she decides to make him its new Superintendent. However, as soon as she returns to New York, Kellogg informs her that he is quitting his job. Owen Kellogg eventually reaches, and settles in | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
147 | , Galt's Gulch.
- Fred Kinnan is a labor leader and member of the looter cabal. Unlike the others, however, Kinnan is straightforward and honest about his purpose. Kinnan is the only one to openly state the true motivations of himself and his fellow conspirators. At the end of Galt's three-hour speech, he expresses admiration for the man, as he says what he means. Despite this, Kinnan admits that he is one of the people Galt is out to destroy.
- Paul Larkin | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
148 | is an unsuccessful, middle-aged businessman, a friend of the Rearden family. He meets with the other Looters to work out a plan to bring Rearden down. James Taggart knows he is friends with Hank Rearden and challenges his loyalty, and Larkin assures Taggart that he will go along with them.
- Eugene Lawson heads the Community Bank of Madison, then gets a job with the government when it his bank goes bankrupt. One of the looter's cabal, he is a collectivist who abhors production and money- | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
149 | making.
- Mort Liddy is a hack composer who writes trite scores for movies and modern symphonies to which no one listens. He believes melody is a primitive vulgarity. He is one of Lillian Rearden's friends and a member of the cultural elite.
- Clifton Locey is a friend of Jim Taggart who takes the position of vice-president of operation when Dagny Taggart quits.
- Pat Logan is the engineer on the first run of the John Galt Line. He later strikes.
- Kay Ludlow is | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
150 | a beautiful actress and the wife of Ragnar Danneskjöld.
- Dick McNamara is a contractor who finished the San Sebastian Line. Dagny Taggart plans to hire him to lay the new Rearden Metal track for the Rio Norte Line, but before she does so, he mysteriously disappears. She later discovers that he has joined the strike and settled in Galt's Gulch.
- Cuffy Meigs is the Director of Unification for the railroad business. He carries a pistol and a lucky rabbit's foot, and he dresses in a military | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
151 | uniform, and has been described as "impervious to thought". Meigs seizes control of Project X and accidentally destroys it, demolishing the country's last railroad bridge across the Mississippi River and killing himself, his men, and Dr. Stadler.
- Dave Mitchum is a state-hired superintendent of the Colorado Division of Taggart Transcontinental. He is partially responsible for the Taggart Tunnel disaster.
- Chick Morrison holds the position of "Morale Conditioner" in the government. He quits when society begins to collapse and flees to | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
152 | a stronghold in Tennessee. His fellow looters consider it unlikely that he will survive.
- Horace Bussby Mowen is the president of the Amalgamated Switch and Signal Company, Inc. of Connecticut. He is a businessman who sees nothing wrong with the moral code that is destroying society and would never dream of saying he is in business for any reason other than the good of society. Dagny Taggart hires Mowen to produce switches made of Rearden Metal. He is reluctant to build anything with this unproven technology, and has to be cajoled | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
153 | into accepting the contract. When pressured by public opinion, he discontinues production of the switches, forcing Dagny to find an alternative source.
- Midas Mulligan is a wealthy banker who mysteriously disappeared in protest after he was given a court order to lend money to an incompetent applicant. When the order came down, he liquidated his entire business, paid off his depositors, and joined Galt's strike. He is the legal owner of the land where Galt's Gulch is located. Mulligan's birth name was Michael, but | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
154 | he had it legally changed after a news article called him "Midas" in a derogatory fashion, which Mulligan took as a compliment.
- Judge Narragansett is an American jurist who ruled in favor of Midas Mulligan during the case brought against him by the incompetent loan applicant. When Narragansett's ruling was reversed on appeal, he retired and joined the strike. At the end of the novel, he is seen editing the United States Constitution, crossing out the contradicting amendments of it and adding an amendment to prohibit Congress from | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
155 | passing laws that restrain freedom of trade.
- Ben Nealy is a railroad contractor whom Dagny Taggart hires to replace the track on the Rio Norte Line with Rearden Metal. Nealy is incompetent, but Dagny can find no one better in all the country. Nealy believes that anything can get done with enough muscle power. He sees no role for intelligence in human achievement. He relies on Dagny and Ellis Wyatt to run things, and resents them for doing it, because it appears to him like they are just bossing people | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
156 | around.
- Ted Nielsen is the head of Nielsen Motors. He eventually goes on strike, along with most of the other industrialist "producer" types, by closing his motor factory. Dagny later finds him when she visits Galt's Gulch for the first time.
- Betty Pope is a wealthy socialite who is having a meaningless sexual affair with James Taggart. She is deliberately crude in a way that casts ridicule on her high social position.
- Dr. Potter holds some undefined position with the State Science Institute | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
157 | . He is sent to try to obtain the rights to Rearden Metal.
- Dr. Simon Pritchett is the prestigious head of the Department of Philosophy at Patrick Henry University and is considered the leading philosopher of the age. He believes that man is nothing but a collection of chemicals, reason is a superstition, it is futile to seek meaning in life, and the duty of a philosopher is to show that nothing can be understood.
- Rearden's mother, whose name is not mentioned, lives with Rearden at his | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
158 | home in Philadelphia. She is involved in charity work, and berates Rearden whenever she can. She dotes on her weak son Philip Rearden.
- Philip Rearden is the younger brother of Hank Rearden. He lives in his brother's home in Philadelphia and is completely dependent on him. He is resentful of his brother's charity.
- Dwight Sanders owns Sanders Aircraft, a producer of high-quality airplanes, and joins the strike.
- Bertram Scudder is an editorial writer for the magazine "The Future" | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
159 | . He typically bashes business and businessmen, but he never says anything specific in his articles, relying on innuendo, sneers, and denunciation. He wrote a hatchet job on Hank Rearden called "The Octopus". He is also vocal in support of the Equalization of Opportunity Bill. Scudder claims that the most important thing in life is "brother love" but seems to have nothing but hatred for those around him. He loses his job after Dagny Taggart reveals her affair with Hank Rearden over air on his radio show. | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
160 | - Claude Slagenhop is president of political organization Friends of Global Progress and one of Lillian Rearden's friends. He believes that ideas are just air, that this is no time for talk, but for action. Global Progress is a sponsor of the Equalization of Opportunity Bill.
- Gerald and Ivy Starnes are the two surviving children of Jed Starnes, the founder of the Twentieth Century Motor Company. Together with their since-deceased brother Eric, they instituted a communistic payment-and-benefits program that drove the company | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
161 | into bankruptcy. Gerald, a dying alcoholic, and Ivy, a pseudo-Buddhist ascetic, continue to insist that the plan was perfect and that the failure of their father's company was entirely due to the workers. Eric was a weak, attention-seeking man with a pathological desire to be loved. He committed suicide after the woman he loved married another man. Gerald claims that he always acted for the good of the employees, but he was vain and incompetent and often threw lavish parties using company funds. Ivy | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
162 | , on the other hand, is described as a sadist who relishes seeing others in poverty, but who has no desire for wealth of her own.
- Andrew Stockton runs the Stockton Foundry in Stockton, Colorado. When he joins the strike, he opens a foundry in Galt's Gulch.
- Nathaniel "Nat" Taggart was the founder of Taggart Transcontinental. He built his railroad without any government handouts, and ran the business for no other reason than to turn a profit. He began as a penniless adventurer | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
163 | and ended up as one of the wealthiest men in the country. He never earned money by force or fraud (except for bribing government officials and throwing an opponent down a flight of stairs), and never apologized for becoming wealthy and successful. He was one of the most hated men of his time. Dagny is often inspired by looking at a statue of Nat Taggart at the railroad headquarters, and draws a dollar sign on its base as a signal to Francisco when she is ready to join Galt's strike. It | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
164 | is suspected that he is modeled after James Jerome Hill, builder of the Great Northern Railroad.
- Mr. Thompson is the "Head of the State" for the United States. He is not particularly intelligent and has a very undistinguished look. He knows politics, however, and is a master of public relations and back-room deals. Rand's notes indicate that she modeled him on President Harry S. Truman, and that she deliberately decided not to call him "President of the United States" as this title has | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
165 | "honorable connotations" which the character does not deserve.
- Lester Tuck is the campaign manager for Kip Chalmers and one of his guests on the train trip to California. He dies in the Taggart Tunnel disaster.
- Clem Weatherby is a government representative on the board of directors of Taggart Transcontinental. Dagny considers him the least bad of the government representatives, since he does have some real knowledge on the running of trains. She notices, however, that he is the least appreciated by his own bosses. | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
166 | - The Wet Nurse (Tony) is a young bureaucrat sent by the government to watch over Rearden's mills. Though he starts out as a cynical follower of the looters' code, his experience at the mills transforms him, and he comes to respect and admire the producers. He is shot attempting to inform Hank Rearden about a government plot, but does succeed in warning Rearden just before he dies.
- Ellis Wyatt is the head of Wyatt Oil. He has almost single-handedly revived the economy of Colorado | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
167 | by discovering a new process for extracting more oil from what were thought to be exhausted oil wells. When first introduced, he is aggressive towards Dagny, whom he does not yet know and whom he blames for what are, in fact, her brother's policies which directly threaten his business. When the government passes laws and decrees which make it impossible for him to continue, he sets all his oil wells on fire, leaving a jeering note: "I am leaving it as I found it. Take over. It | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
168 | 's yours." One particular burning well that resists all efforts to extinguish it becomes known as "Wyatt's Torch". Later Dagny meets him in Galt's Gulch.
External links.
- Website with comprehensive list of individuals mentioned in Atlas Shrugged | List of Atlas Shrugged characters | 359 |
169 | Austin (disambiguation)
Austin is the capital of Texas in the United States.
Austin may also refer to:
People names.
- Austin (name) - a short form of Augustin, or Augustine
- Augustin (disambiguation)
- Augustine (disambiguation)
- August (disambiguation)
Geographical locations.
Geographical locations Australia.
- Austin, Western Australia
Geographical locations Canada.
- Austin, Manitoba
- Austin, Ontario
- Austin, Quebec
- Austin Island, Nunavut | Austin (disambiguation) | 590 |
170 | Geographical locations France.
- Saint-Austin, hamlet at la Neuville-Chant-d'Oisel, Normandy
Geographical locations United States of America.
- Austin, Arkansas
- Austin, Colorado
- Austin, Illinois:
- Austin Township, Macon County, Illinois
- Austin, Chicago, Cook County, Illinois
- Austin, Indiana
- Austin, Kentucky
- Austin, Minnesota
- Austin, Missouri
- Austin, Nevada
- Austin, Ohio
- Austin, Oregon
- Austin, | Austin (disambiguation) | 590 |
171 | Texas
- Austin County, Texas (note that the city of Austin, Texas is located in Travis County)
Schools.
- Austin College, Sherman, Texas
- University of Texas at Austin, flagship institution of the University of Texas System
- Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, Tennessee
Religion.
- Augustine of Hippo or Augustine of Canterbury
- An adjective for the Augustinians
Business.
- Austin Automobile Company, short-lived American automobile company
- Austin (brand), | Austin (disambiguation) | 590 |
172 | a brand owned by the Kellogg Company
- Austin Motor Company, British car manufacturer
- American Austin Car Company, short-lived American automobile maker
Entertainment.
- "Austin" (song), a single by Blake Shelton
- Austin, a kangaroo Beanie Baby produced by Ty, Inc.
- Austin the kangaroo from the children's television series "The Backyardigans"
- Austin Moon, titular character in the television show "Austin & Ally"
Other uses.
- USS "Austin" | Austin (disambiguation) | 590 |
173 | , three ships
- Austin station (disambiguation), various public transportation stations
- "Austin" (building), a building designed by artist Ellsworth Kelly under construction in Austin, Texas
- Austin Allegro, a small family car that was manufactured by the Austin-Morris division of British Leyland from 1973 until 1982
See also.
- Austen (disambiguation)
- Augustine (disambiguation)
- Justice Austin (disambiguation) | Austin (disambiguation) | 590 |
174 | Alien
Alien primarily refers to:
- Extraterrestrial life, life which does not originate from Earth
- Specifically, intelligent extraterrestrial beings; see List of alleged extraterrestrial beings
- Alien (law), a person in a country who is not a national of that country
Alien(s), or The Alien(s) may also refer to:
Science and technology.
- Introduced species, a species not native to its environment
- Alien (file converter), a Linux program
- AliEn (ALICE Environment | Alien | 579 |
175 | ), a grid framework
- Alien Technology, a manufacturer of RFID technology
Arts and entertainment.
- "Alien" (franchise), a media franchise
- Alien (creature in "Alien" franchise)
Arts and entertainment Films.
- "Alien" (film), a 1979 film by Ridley Scott
- "Aliens" (film), the 1986 sequel by James Cameron
- "Alien 3", third film in the series from 1992 by David Fincher
- "", | Alien | 579 |
176 | a 1980 unofficial sequel of the 1979 "Alien" film
- "The Alien" (unproduced film), an incomplete 1960s IndianAmerican film
- "The Alien" (2016 film), a 2016 Mexican film
Arts and entertainment Literature.
- "Aliens" (Tappan Wright novel), a 1902 novel by Mary Tappan Wright
- "The Aliens" (play), a 2010 play by Annie Baker
- "The Alien" (Animorphs), the eighth book in the "Animorphs" series | Alien | 579 |
177 | - "Alien" novels, an extension of the "Alien" franchise
Arts and entertainment Music.
Arts and entertainment Music Performers.
- Alien (band), a 1980s Swedish rock group
- The Aliens (Australian band), a 1970s new wave group
- The Aliens (Scottish band), a 2005–2008 rock group
Arts and entertainment Music Albums.
- "Alien" (Northlane album)
- "Alien" (Strapping Young Lad album)
- "Alien" (Tankard album)
- | Alien | 579 |
178 | "Alien" (soundtrack)
- "Aliens" (soundtrack)
Arts and entertainment Music Songs.
- "Alien" (Britney Spears song)
- "Alien" (Jonas Blue and Sabrina Carpenter song)
- "Alien" (Pennywise song)
- "Alien" (Third Day song)
- "Aliens" (Coldplay song)
- "My Alien", a song by Simple Plan on the album "No Pads, No Helmets... Just Balls"
- "Alien" | Alien | 579 |
179 | , a song by Bush on the album "Sixteen Stone"
- "Alien", a song by Erasure on the album "Loveboat"
- "Alien", a song by Japan on the album "Quiet Life"
- "Alien", a song by Lamb on the album "Fear of Fours"
- "Alien", a song by Nerina Pallot on the album "Dear Frustrated Superstar"
- "Alien", a song by P-Model on the album "Landsale" | Alien | 579 |
180 | - "Alien", a song by Thriving Ivory on their self-titled album
- "Alien", a song by Tokio Hotel on the album "Humanoid". Also, fans of the band call themselves Aliens
- "The Aliens", a song by Warlord
Arts and entertainment Video games.
- "Aliens" (1982 video game), a text-only clone of "Space Invaders" written for the CP/M operating system on the Kaypro computer
- "Alien" ( | Alien | 579 |
181 | Atari 2600), a 1982 maze game based on the 1979 film
- "Alien" (1984 video game), based on the film
- "Aliens" (1990 video game), a game by Konami, based on the sequel of the film
- "", a 2014 video game based on the "Alien" science fiction horror film series
Arts and entertainment Other media.
- "Alien" (Armenian TV series), a 2017 melodrama series
- "The Aliens" (TV | Alien | 579 |
182 | series), 2016 British sci-fi television series
- "Alien" (sculpture), a 2012 work by David Breuer-Weil, in Mottisfont, Hampshire, England
- "Aliens" (Dark Horse Comics line)
Other uses.
- Alien (shipping company), a Russian company
- Alien Sun (born 1974), Singaporean actress
- "Alien", a perfume by Thierry Mugler
See also.
- Astrobiology, the study of hypothetical alien life
- Alien vs. | Alien | 579 |
183 | Predator (disambiguation)
- Alians, an Islamic order
- "ATLiens", a 1996 album by OutKast
- Unidentified flying object (disambiguation)
- UFO (disambiguation) | Alien | 579 |
184 | Allan Dwan
Allan Dwan (3 April 1885 – 28 December 1981) was a pioneering Canadian-born American motion picture director, producer, and screenwriter.
Early life.
Born Joseph Aloysius Dwan in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Dwan, was the younger son of commercial traveler of woolen clothing Joseph Michael Dwan (1857–1917) and his wife Mary Jane Dwan, née Hunt. The family moved to the United States when he was seven years old on 4 December 1892 by ferry from Windsor to Detroit, according to | Allan Dwan | 344 |
185 | his naturalization petition of August 1939. His elder brother, Leo Garnet Dwan (1883–1964), became a physician.
Allan Dwan studied engineering at the University of Notre Dame and then worked for a lighting company in Chicago. He had a strong interest in the fledgling motion picture industry, and when Essanay Studios offered him the opportunity to become a scriptwriter, he took the job. At that time, some of the East Coast movie makers began to spend winters in California where the climate allowed them to continue productions requiring warm | Allan Dwan | 344 |
186 | weather. Soon, a number of movie companies worked there year-round, and in 1911, Dwan began working part-time in Hollywood. While still in New York, in 1917 he was the founding president of the East Coast chapter of the Motion Picture Directors Association.
Career.
Dwan operated Flying A Studios in La Mesa, California from August 1911 to July 1912. Flying A was one of the first motion pictures studios in California history. On 12 August 2011, a plaque was unveiled on the Wolff | Allan Dwan | 344 |
187 | building at Third Avenue and La Mesa Boulevard commemorating Dwan and the Flying A Studios origins in La Mesa, California.
After making a series of westerns and comedies, Dwan directed fellow Canadian-American Mary Pickford in several very successful movies as well as her husband, Douglas Fairbanks, notably in the acclaimed 1922 "Robin Hood". Dwan directed Gloria Swanson in eight feature films, and one short film made in the short-lived sound-on-film process Phonofilm. This short, also featuring Thomas Meighan and Henri | Allan Dwan | 344 |
188 | de la Falaise, was produced as a joke, for the 26 April 1925 "Lambs' Gambol" for The Lambs, with the film showing Swanson crashing the all-male club.
Following the introduction of the talkies, Dwan directed child-star Shirley Temple in "Heidi" (1937) and "Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm" (1938).
Dwan helped launch the career of two other successful Hollywood directors, Victor Fleming, who went on to direct "The Wizard of Oz" and "Gone With | Allan Dwan | 344 |
189 | the Wind", and Marshall Neilan, who became an actor, director, writer and producer. Over a long career spanning almost 50 years, Dwan directed 125 motion pictures, some of which were highly acclaimed, such as the 1949 box office hit, "Sands of Iwo Jima". He directed his last movie in 1961.
He died in Los Angeles at the age of ninety-six, and is interred in the San Fernando Mission Cemetery, Mission Hills, California.
Dwan has a star on the | Allan Dwan | 344 |
190 | Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6263 Hollywood Boulevard.
Daniel Eagan of "Film Journal International" described Dwan as one of the early pioneers of cinema, stating that his style "is so basic as to seem invisible, but he treats his characters with uncommon sympathy and compassion."
Partial filmography as director.
- "The Gold Lust" (1911)
- "The Picket Guard" (1913)
- "The Restless Spirit" (1913)
- "Back to Life" (1913) | Allan Dwan | 344 |
191 | - "Bloodhounds of the North" (1913)
- "The Lie" (1914)
- "The Honor of the Mounted" (1914)
- "The Unwelcome Mrs. Hatch" (1914)
- "Remember Mary Magdalen" (1914)
- "Discord and Harmony" (1914)
- "The Embezzler" (1914)
- "The Lamb, the Woman, the Wolf" (1914)
- "The End of the Feud" (1914) | Allan Dwan | 344 |
192 | - "The Tragedy of Whispering Creek" (1914)
- "The Unlawful Trade" (1914)
- "The Forbidden Room" (1914)
- "The Hopes of Blind Alley" (1914)
- "Richelieu" (1914)
- "Wildflower" (1914)
- "A Small Town Girl" (1915)
- "David Harum" (1915)
- "A Girl of Yesterday" (1915)
- "The Pretty Sister of Jose" ( | Allan Dwan | 344 |
193 | 1915)
- "Jordan Is a Hard Road" (1915)
- "Betty of Graystone" (1916)
- "The Habit of Happiness" (1916)
- "The Good Bad Man" (1916)
- "An Innocent Magdalene" (1916)
- "The Half-Breed" (1916)
- "Manhattan Madness" (1916)
- "Accusing Evidence" (1916)
- "Panthea" (1917)
- "A Modern Musketeer" | Allan Dwan | 344 |
194 | (1917)
- "Bound in Morocco" (1918)
- "Headin' South" (1918)
- "Mr. Fix-It" (1918)
- "He Comes Up Smiling" (1918)
- "Cheating Cheaters" (1919)
- "The Dark Star" (1919)
- "Getting Mary Married" (1919)
- "Soldiers of Fortune" (1919)
- "In The Heart of a Fool" (1920) also producer | Allan Dwan | 344 |
195 | - "The Forbidden Thing" (1920) also producer
- "A Splendid Hazard" (1920)
- "A Perfect Crime" (1921)
- "The Sin of Martha Queed" (1921)
- "A Broken Doll" (1921)
- "Robin Hood" (1922)
- "Zaza" (1923)
- "Big Brother" (1923)
- "Manhandled" (1924)
- "Argentine Love" (1924)
- "The | Allan Dwan | 344 |
196 | Coast of Folly" (1925)
- "Night Life of New York" (1925)
- "Stage Struck" (1925)
- "Gloria Swanson Dialogue" (1925) short film made in Phonofilm for The Lambs annual "Gambol" held at Metropolitan Opera House
- "Padlocked" (1926)
- "Sea Horses" (1926)
- "Summer Bachelors" (1926)
- "Tin Gods" (1926)
- "French Dressing" (1927) | Allan Dwan | 344 |
197 | - "The Joy Girl" (1927)
- "East Side, West Side" (1927)
- "The Big Noise" (1928)
- "Frozen Justice" (1929)
- "The Iron Mask" (1929)
- "Tide of Empire" (1929)
- "The Far Call" (1929)
- "What a Widow!" (1930)
- "Man to Man" (1930)
- "Chances" (1931) | Allan Dwan | 344 |
198 | - "Wicked" (1931)
- "While Paris Sleeps" (1932)
- "Counsel's Opinion" (1933)
- "Black Sheep" (1935)
- "Navy Wife" (1935)
- "High Tension" (1936)
- "15 Maiden Lane" (1936)
- "One Mile from Heaven" (1937)
- "Heidi" (1937)
- "Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm" (1938)
- "Suez" ( | Allan Dwan | 344 |
199 | 1938)
- "Josette" (1938)
- "The Three Musketeers" (1939)
- "The Gorilla" (1939)
- "Frontier Marshal" (1939)
- "Sailor's Lady" (1940)
- "Young People" (1940)
- "Trail of the Vigilantes" (1940)
- "Look Who's Laughing" (1941) also producer
- "Rise and Shine" (1941)
- "Friendly Enemies" (1942) | Allan Dwan | 344 |
Subsets and Splits