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Complete the statement.
Chlorine is ().
|
[
"a compound",
"an elementary substance"
] | 1 |
The model below represents a molecule of chlorine. Chlorine is a gas that is used to kill bacteria in water supplies.
|
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Atoms and molecules
|
Classify elementary substances and compounds using models
|
There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl.
Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a ball-and-stick model. The ball-and-stick model below represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride.
In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent bonds. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance.
|
Use the model to determine whether chlorine is an elementary substance or a compound.
Step 1: Interpret the model.
In the ball-and-stick model shown above, both of the balls are the same color:
. The legend shows that green represents the chemical element with the atomic symbol Cl. So, the model shows you that a molecule of chlorine is composed of one chemical element.
Step 2: Determine whether the substance is an elementary substance or a compound.
You know from Step 1 that chlorine is composed of only one chemical element. So, chlorine is an elementary substance.
|
|
What is the capital of Kansas?
|
[
"Saint Paul",
"Topeka",
"Sioux Falls",
"Frankfort"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Midwest
|
Topeka is the capital of Kansas.
|
|||
What is the capital of Alabama?
|
[
"Birmingham",
"Hartford",
"Montgomery",
"Augusta"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Southeast
|
Montgomery is the capital of Alabama.
|
|||
What is the capital of Wyoming?
|
[
"Cheyenne",
"Laramie",
"Olympia",
"Chicago"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the West
|
Cheyenne is the capital of Wyoming.
|
|||
Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?
|
[
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 2.",
"The strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.",
"The magnetic force is stronger in Pair 1."
] | 1 |
The images below show two pairs of magnets. The magnets in different pairs do not affect each other. All the magnets shown are made of the same material.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Magnets
|
Compare strengths of magnetic forces
|
Magnets can pull or push on each other without touching. When magnets attract, they pull together. When magnets repel, they push apart.
These pulls and pushes between magnets are called magnetic forces. The stronger the magnetic force between two magnets, the more strongly the magnets attract or repel each other.
|
Distance affects the strength of the magnetic force. But the distance between the magnets in Pair 1 and in Pair 2 is the same.
So, the strength of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.
|
|
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Select the part whose main job is to break down worn-out cell parts and other waste in an animal cell.
|
[
"cytoplasm",
"chromosomes",
"lysosomes",
"endoplasmic reticulum"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Cells
|
Identify functions of animal cell parts
|
Animal cells are made up of many different parts. Each cell part has a function that helps the cell survive and grow.
Some cell parts are called organelles. Organelles are cell structures that are surrounded by their own membranes. Here are some of the organelles in animal cells:
Mitochondria help the cell get the energy it needs. Mitochondria break down sugar and release energy that the cell can use for all of its activities.
The nucleus directs cell activities by sending instructions to different parts of the cell. The nucleus contains structures called chromosomes. The chromosomes are made mostly of hereditary material called DNA. DNA contains information that the cell uses for growth and activities. These instructions tell ribosomes how to build molecules called proteins, which make up cell structures and help chemical reactions happen in the cell.
The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that helps ribosomes build proteins. The nucleus sends instructions for making proteins to ribosomes. Ribosomes can attach to the endoplamic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes use these instructions to make proteins that the cell needs to survive and grow.
After proteins are made in the endoplasmic reticulum, they can be transferred to the Golgi. The Golgi is an organelle made up of flat, stacked membranes. The Golgi sorts and packages proteins and other substances. Then, the Golgi sends these substances to different parts of the cell. Some of these substances are sent to the cell membrane and released from the cell.
Animal cells also have organelles for storage and waste removal. The vacuoles store sugar and other nutrients. The lysosomes break down worn-out cell parts and other waste. Animal cells usually have several vacuoles and lysosomes.
Other cell parts are not surrounded by their own membranes. These cell parts are not organelles.
The cell membrane is a thin layer that surrounds and protects the cell. This layer is a membrane, but it does not have a membrane surrounding it, so it is not an organelle. The cell membrane controls which substances enter and leave the cell.
The cytoplasm is a thick liquid that fills the space inside the cell. The cytoplasm also helps the cell keep its shape and supports the other cell parts.
|
Cells use lysosomes to break down worn-out cell parts and other waste. An animal cell may have many lysosomes.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which object has more thermal energy?
|
[
"a 200-gram glass of apple juice at a temperature of 85°F",
"a 200-gram glass of apple juice at a temperature of 70°F"
] | 0 |
The objects are identical except for their temperatures.
|
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Heat and thermal energy
|
How is temperature related to thermal energy?
|
All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.
|
The two glasses of apple juice have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 85°F glass of apple juice is hotter than the 70°F glass of apple juice, it has more thermal energy.
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Complete the sentence.
According to the Seventh Amendment, a () is usually not allowed to change the decision of a ().
|
[
"criminal . . . victim",
"jury . . . judge",
"victim . . . criminal",
"judge . . . jury"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
civics
|
Government
|
The Bill of Rights
|
According to the Seventh Amendment, a judge is usually not allowed to change the decision of a jury. The jury has the final say. A jury is a group of regular citizens who listen to a trial. Then they decide together which side is right. In the United States, juries are supposed to come from the area where the crime or disagreement took place. Most trial juries have between 6 and 12 people, called jurors. If you are an American citizen, you may be asked to be on a jury someday! Part of the text of the Seventh Amendment is below. What kind of trials does the amendment talk about? In suits at common law. . .the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
|
||
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which is a complex sentence?
|
[
"Robert returned to his hometown when he started his own family.",
"The detour took us across the bridge and along the one-lane road by the river."
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
language science
|
grammar
|
Sentences, fragments, and run-ons
|
Is the sentence simple, compound, or complex?
|
A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
after we pick up Kevin from work
The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.
A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.
Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.
A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
We saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder.
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while.
If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.
|
The first sentence is the complex sentence. It is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the subordinating conjunction when.
Robert returned to his hometown when he started his own family.
|
|
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Last year, there were seven men's clothing stores on Main Street in Somerville. This year, there are only three. What probably happened to the overall supply of men's shirts in Somerville?
|
[
"The supply probably went down.",
"The supply probably went up."
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
economics
|
Supply and demand
|
Understand overall supply and demand
|
Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goes up | when resources cost less or are easier to get | when there are more producers or suppliers | when demand is expected to go up
Supply goes down | when resources cost more or are harder to get | when there are fewer producers or suppliers | when demand is expected to go down
Producers are people or companies that make goods or provide services. Suppliers are people or companies that sell goods or services. New inventions or technologies can also help workers produce goods and services more quickly. As a result of these changes, the supply of a good or service will often go up.
|
When four men's clothing stores closed on Main Street, the number of suppliers went down. There were fewer stores selling men's shirts. So, the supply of men's shirts probably went down.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
What information supports the conclusion that Maya acquired this trait?
|
[
"Maya learned how to build a fire at summer camp.",
"Maya can cook food over a fire."
] | 0 |
Read the description of a trait.
Maya knows how to build a fire.
|
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Genes to traits
|
Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement
|
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.
| |
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How long does it take to drain all of the water in a full bathtub?
|
[
"60 seconds",
"60 hours"
] | 0 |
Select the better estimate.
|
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
units-and-measurement
|
Units and measurement
|
Choose units of time
|
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the bus is leaving. That is because the units are missing.
Time is usually measured in units of seconds, minutes, or hours. It takes about 1 second to sneeze and 1 minute to get dressed in the morning. It takes about 1 hour to bake a pie in the oven.
There are 60 seconds in 1 minute. So, 1 second is much less than 1 minute.
There are 60 minutes in 1 hour. So, 1 minute is much less than 1 hour.
|
The better estimate for how long it takes to drain all of the water in a full bathtub is 60 seconds.
60 hours is too slow.
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Teens shouldn't get cell phones. It's just a matter of time before they'll stop seeing friends in real life—they'll just text each other from their rooms.
|
[
"straw man: a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against",
"slippery slope fallacy: the false assumption that a small first step will lead to extreme consequences",
"false causation: the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade10
|
language science
|
writing-strategies
|
Developing and supporting arguments
|
Classify logical fallacies
|
A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fallacy may present irrelevant information:
Fallacy | Description
ad hominem | an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself
appeal to nature | an argument that assumes the natural choice is always the best choice
bandwagon fallacy | an argument that assumes the popular choice is always the best choice
circular reasoning | an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself
guilt by association | an unfair negative association with another person or group that is intended to discredit someone or something
A logical fallacy may misrepresent the issues at hand:
Fallacy | Description
false causation | the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other
false dichotomy | an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist
hasty generalization | a broad claim based on too few observations
slippery slope fallacy | the false assumption that a small first step will necessarily lead to extreme consequences
straw man | a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against
|
The text argues that having cell phones will lead to teenagers no longer meeting in real life. However, this argument offers only an extreme outcome and ignores other more likely outcomes. For instance, teenagers may sometimes meet friends in real life and sometimes just text with friends. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as the slippery slope fallacy.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
How long is a caterpillar?
|
[
"35 kilometers",
"35 millimeters",
"35 centimeters"
] | 1 |
Select the best estimate.
|
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
units-and-measurement
|
Units and measurement
|
Choose metric units of distance
|
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is larger than 1 centimeter, and 1 centimeter is larger than 1 millimeter.
The tip of the pencil shown here is only 1 millimeter wide, but the pencil is about 16 centimeters long.
A red fox is about 1 meter long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is about 1,000 meters, or 1 kilometer, in length.
|
The best estimate for the length of a caterpillar is 35 millimeters.
35 centimeters and 35 kilometers are both too long.
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which object has more thermal energy?
|
[
"a 2-kilogram block of steel at a temperature of 30°C",
"a 2-kilogram block of steel at a temperature of 65°C"
] | 1 |
The objects are identical except for their temperatures.
|
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Heat and thermal energy
|
How is temperature related to thermal energy?
|
All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.
|
The two blocks of steel have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 65°C block is hotter than the 30°C block, it has more thermal energy.
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The ocean lashed () at the boat, which nearly overturned in the rough waves.
|
[
"angrily",
"repeatedly"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade10
|
language science
|
writing-strategies
|
Creative techniques
|
Use personification
|
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, the personification suggests that the trees are moving.
|
Complete the sentence with the word angrily. It describes the ocean as if it were an angry, violent person.
|
|
Is a stuffed rabbit a solid or a liquid?
|
[
"a liquid",
"a solid"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
natural science
|
physics
|
States of matter
|
Classify matter as solid or liquid
|
Solid and liquid are states of matter. Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter can come in different states, or forms.
When matter is a solid, it has a shape of its own.
Some solids can be bent or broken easily. Others are hard to bend or break.
A glass cup is a solid. A sock is also a solid.
When matter is a liquid, it takes the shape of its container.
Think about pouring a liquid from a cup into a bottle. The shape of the liquid is different in the cup than in the bottle. But the liquid still takes up the same amount of space.
Juice is a liquid. Honey is also a liquid.
|
A stuffed rabbit is a solid. A solid has a size and shape of its own.
When you hold a stuffed rabbit in your hands, the stuffed rabbit still has a size and shape of its own.
|
||
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Mr. Livingston can quit smoking because he's capable of stopping.
|
[
"circular reasoning: an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself",
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something",
"bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade10
|
language science
|
writing-strategies
|
Developing and supporting arguments
|
Classify logical fallacies
|
A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fallacy may present irrelevant information:
Fallacy | Description
ad hominem | an attack against the person making the argument, rather than the argument itself
appeal to nature | an argument that assumes the natural choice is always the best choice
bandwagon fallacy | an argument that assumes the popular choice is always the best choice
circular reasoning | an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself
guilt by association | an unfair negative association with another person or group that is intended to discredit someone or something
A logical fallacy may misrepresent the issues at hand:
Fallacy | Description
false causation | the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other
false dichotomy | an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist
hasty generalization | a broad claim based on too few observations
slippery slope fallacy | the false assumption that a small first step will necessarily lead to extreme consequences
straw man | a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against
|
The text argues that Mr. Livingston can quit smoking because he is able to stop. However, the "evidence" is just a restatement of the claim itself. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as circular reasoning.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Scott's leaving his job? That's old news. He's been planning that for months.
|
[
"chiasmus",
"oxymoron"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade12
|
language science
|
figurative-language
|
Literary devices
|
Classify the figure of speech: review
|
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.
I want to help, not to hurt.
Apostrophe is a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.
Oh, little bird, what makes you sing so beautifully?
Assonance is the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.
Try to light the fire.
Chiasmus is an expression in which the second half parallels the first but reverses the order of words.
Never let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperbole is an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
I ate so much that I think I might explode!
An oxymoron is a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Some reviewers are calling this book a new classic.
A paradox is a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.
Always expect the unexpected.
Understatement involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.
As you know, it can get a little cold in the Antarctic.
|
The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms.
Old news is a contradiction, because news is recent information.
|
|
Which of these states is farthest south?
|
[
"West Virginia",
"Louisiana",
"New Mexico",
"New York"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
Geography
|
Read a map: cardinal directions
|
Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
|
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Louisiana is farthest south.
|
||
What is the capital of Alaska?
|
[
"Salem",
"Boise",
"Little Rock",
"Juneau"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify the 50 state capitals
|
Juneau is the capital of Alaska.
|
|||
Not supported with pagination yet |
How long is a human front tooth?
|
[
"13 centimeters",
"13 kilometers",
"13 millimeters"
] | 2 |
Select the best estimate.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
units-and-measurement
|
Units and measurement
|
Choose metric units of distance
|
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is larger than 1 centimeter, and 1 centimeter is larger than 1 millimeter.
The tip of the pencil shown here is only 1 millimeter wide, but the pencil is about 16 centimeters long.
A red fox is about 1 meter long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is about 1,000 meters, or 1 kilometer, in length.
|
The best estimate for the length of a human front tooth is 13 millimeters.
13 centimeters and 13 kilometers are both too long.
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Based on this information, what is Chase's genotype for the fur texture gene?
|
[
"soft fur",
"ff"
] | 1 |
In a group of dachshund dogs, some individuals have rough fur and others have soft fur. In this group, the gene for the fur texture trait has two alleles. The allele F is for rough fur, and the allele f is for soft fur.
Chase, a dachshund dog from this group, has soft fur. Chase has two alleles for soft fur.
|
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Genes to traits
|
Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype
|
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color gene—one allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.
|
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. Chase has two alleles for soft fur (f). So, Chase's genotype for the fur texture gene is ff.
|
What is the capital of Hawaii?
|
[
"Laramie",
"Honolulu",
"Hilo",
"Boston"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the West
|
Honolulu is the capital of Hawaii.
|
|||
Which of these states is farthest north?
|
[
"New Mexico",
"Rhode Island",
"Maine",
"Maryland"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
Geography
|
Read a map: cardinal directions
|
Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
|
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Maine is farthest north.
|
||
Which of these states is farthest east?
|
[
"New Mexico",
"South Dakota",
"Arkansas",
"Oregon"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
Geography
|
Read a map: cardinal directions
|
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Arkansas is farthest east.
|
|||
Not supported with pagination yet |
Would you find the word sapling on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
snack - synonym
|
[
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 |
yes or no
|
grade7
|
language science
|
reference-skills
|
Reference skills
|
Use guide words
|
Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.
If one word is shorter, and there are no more letters to compare, then the shorter word comes first in alphabetical order. For example, be comes before bed.
|
Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since sapling is not between the guide words snack - synonym, it would not be found on that page.
|
|
What is the capital of Montana?
|
[
"Columbia",
"Sacramento",
"Helena",
"Billings"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify the 50 state capitals
|
Helena is the capital of Montana.
|
|||
Compare the average kinetic energies of the particles in each sample. Which sample has the higher temperature?
|
[
"sample A",
"neither; the samples have the same temperature",
"sample B"
] | 0 |
The diagrams below show two pure samples of gas in identical closed, rigid containers. Each colored ball represents one gas particle. Both samples have the same number of particles.
|
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Particle motion and energy
|
Identify how particle motion affects temperature and pressure
|
The temperature of a substance depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance. The higher the average kinetic energy of the particles, the higher the temperature of the substance.
The kinetic energy of a particle is determined by its mass and speed. For a pure substance, the greater the mass of each particle in the substance and the higher the average speed of the particles, the higher their average kinetic energy.
|
Each particle in sample A has more mass than each particle in sample B. The particles in sample A also have a higher average speed than the particles in sample B. So, the particles in sample A have a higher average kinetic energy than the particles in sample B.
Because the particles in sample A have the higher average kinetic energy, sample A must have the higher temperature.
|
|
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What information supports the conclusion that Clare acquired this trait?
|
[
"Some scars fade more quickly than others.",
"Clare's scar was caused by an accident. She cut her leg when she was climbing a tree."
] | 1 |
Read the description of a trait.
Clare has a scar on her left leg.
|
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Genes to traits
|
Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement
|
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.
| |
Not supported with pagination yet |
What kind of sentence is this?
I can't believe this is Trisha's first time seeing the Pacific Ocean!
|
[
"interrogative",
"exclamatory",
"declarative"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
language science
|
punctuation
|
Sentences, fragments, and run-ons
|
Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory?
|
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming weekend?
An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something, and it usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.
For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
Don't drive so quickly in the construction zone!
An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.
I can't wait to travel through Europe this summer!
|
The sentence tells about something, but it shows surprise and ends with an exclamation point. It is an exclamatory sentence.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Select the vertebrate.
|
[
"European green toad",
"grasshopper",
"luna moth",
"castor bean tick"
] | 0 |
Hint: Mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are vertebrates.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Classification
|
Identify vertebrates and invertebrates
|
Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backbone. In fact, invertebrates do not have any bones! Some invertebrates have an outer cover on their body called an exoskeleton. Other invertebrates have a soft body.
|
A grasshopper is an insect. Like other insects, a grasshopper is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
A European green toad is an amphibian. Like other amphibians, a European green toad is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A castor bean tick is an insect. Like other insects, a castor bean tick is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
A luna moth is an insect. Like other insects, a luna moth is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
|
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Based on this information, what is Nessie's phenotype for the body color trait?
|
[
"a gray body",
"BB"
] | 0 |
In a group of guppies, some individuals have a gray body and others have a golden body. In this group, the gene for the body color trait has two alleles. The allele B is for a gray body, and the allele b is for a golden body.
Nessie, a guppy from this group, has a gray body. Nessie has two alleles for a gray body.
|
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Genes to traits
|
Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype
|
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color gene—one allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.
|
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Nessie's observable version of the body color trait is a gray body. So, Nessie's phenotype for the body color trait is a gray body.
|
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Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Lisa plays soccer.
|
[
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 |
Hint: Playing soccer takes practice.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Traits and heredity
|
Identify inherited and acquired traits
|
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.
|
People are not born knowing how to play soccer. Instead, some people learn how to play soccer. Playing the sport takes practice. So, playing soccer is an acquired trait.
|
What is the direction of this push?
|
[
"away from his hands",
"toward his hands"
] | 0 |
A boy and his younger brother play with their toy car in the snow. The older brother uses a force to push the car forward with his hands.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Force and motion
|
Identify directions of forces
|
A force is a push or a pull that one object applies to another. Every force has a direction.
The direction of a push is away from the object that is pushing.
The direction of a pull is toward the object that is pulling.
|
The older brother pushes the car. The direction of the push is away from his hands.
|
|
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Which text uses the word random in its traditional sense?
|
[
"Carmen made a random trip to the grocery store, though her kitchen was already stocked with a hodgepodge of food.",
"At the grocery store, Carmen hastily grabbed fruits and vegetables at random, filling her shopping cart with a hodgepodge of food."
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade12
|
language science
|
writing-strategies
|
Word usage and nuance
|
Explore words with new or contested usages
|
Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.
Britney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.
The traditional usage above is considered more standard.
David perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.
The nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.
|
The first text uses random in its traditional sense: made or occurring without a definite pattern.
At the grocery store, Carmen hastily grabbed fruits and vegetables at random, filling her shopping cart with a hodgepodge of food.
The second text uses random in its nontraditional sense: odd or out of place.
Carmen made a random trip to the grocery store, though her kitchen was already stocked with a hodgepodge of food.
Most style guides recommend to avoid using the nontraditional sense of the word random because it is generally considered incorrect.
|
|
What is the capital of Utah?
|
[
"Tallahassee",
"Provo",
"Carson City",
"Salt Lake City"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify the 50 state capitals
|
Salt Lake City is the capital of Utah.
|
|||
Not supported with pagination yet |
Complete the sentence.
Bees creating wax from sugar is a ().
|
[
"chemical change",
"physical change"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Physical and chemical change
|
Compare physical and chemical changes
|
Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Burning a piece of paper is a chemical change. As paper burns, paper molecules react with oxygen molecules in the air. This reaction breaks the chemical bonds in the molecules. The atoms then relink and form different molecules. For example, carbon dioxide molecules are created when paper burns.
In a physical change, chemical bonds do not break. The types of molecules in matter before and after a physical change are always the same.
A change of state is a type of physical change. For example, water vaporizing is a physical change. Liquid water and water vapor are made of the same type of matter: water.
|
Bees creating wax from sugar is a chemical change. Bees have a special body part that changes the sugar they eat into wax. They use the wax to make their honeycomb.
|
|
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What information supports the conclusion that Derek inherited this trait?
|
[
"Derek likes to wear a blue sweater to match his blue eyes.",
"Derek's mother has blue eyes. She passed this trait down to Derek."
] | 1 |
Read the description of a trait.
Derek has blue eyes.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Traits and heredity
|
Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement
|
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.
| |
What is the capital of Delaware?
|
[
"Providence",
"Wilmington",
"Dover",
"Burlington"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Northeast
|
Dover is the capital of Delaware.
|
|||
Which term matches the picture?
|
[
"bilateral symmetry",
"radial symmetry"
] | 1 |
Read the text.
If something has bilateral symmetry, you can draw a line from top to bottom and both sides of the line will match. For example, if you drew a line down the center of someone's face, both sides would have one eye, half a nose, and half a mouth. If you drew a line in the middle from left to right, however, the two sides would not match.
Radial symmetry describes something that is symmetrical, or matching, all the way around. A daisy, and many other flowers, have radial symmetry. You could cut a daisy in half from top to bottom in many directions—down the middle or left to right—and the halves would match.
|
closed choice
|
grade6
|
language science
|
vocabulary
|
Context clues
|
Determine the meaning of domain-specific words with pictures
|
Radial symmetry describes something that is symmetrical, or matching, all the way around. For example, the right side of a snowflake looks the same as its left side, and the top looks the same as the bottom.
|
||
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Select the part whose main job is to direct a plant cell's activities by sending instructions to different parts of the cell.
|
[
"cytoplasm",
"Golgi",
"nucleus",
"cell membrane"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Cells
|
Identify functions of plant cell parts
|
Plant cells are made up of many different parts. Each cell part has a function that helps the cell survive and grow.
Some cell parts are called organelles. Organelles are cell structures that are surrounded by their own membranes. Here are some of the organelles in plant cells:
Chloroplasts and mitochondria work together to help the cell get the energy it needs. The chloroplasts use photosynthesis to make sugar. The mitochondria break down this sugar and release energy that the cell can use for all of its activities.
The nucleus directs cell activities by sending instructions to different parts of the cell. The nucleus contains structures called chromosomes. The chromosomes are made mostly of hereditary material called DNA. DNA contains information that the cell uses for growth and activities. These instructions tell ribosomes how to build molecules called proteins, which make up cell structures and help chemical reactions happen in the cell.
The endoplasmic reticulum is an organelle that helps ribosomes build proteins. The nucleus sends instructions for making proteins to ribosomes. Ribosomes can attach to the endoplamic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes use these instructions to make proteins that the cell needs to survive and grow.
After proteins are made in the endoplasmic reticulum, they can be transferred to the Golgi. The Golgi is an organelle made up of flat, stacked membranes. The Golgi sorts and packages proteins and other substances. Then, the Golgi sends these substances to different parts of the cell. Some of these substances are sent to the cell membrane and released from the cell.
In plant cells, the vacuole stores waste, water, and nutrients such as sugar. Most plant cells have one vacuole.
Other cell parts are not surrounded by their own membranes. These cell parts are not organelles.
The cell wall is the cell's tough outer covering. It gives the cell strength and stiffness and helps the cell keep its shape.
On the inside of the cell wall is a thin layer called the cell membrane. This layer is a membrane, but it does not have a membrane surrounding it, so it is not an organelle. The cell membrane controls which substances enter and leave the cell.
The cytoplasm is a thick liquid that fills the space inside the cell. The cytoplasm also helps the cell keep its shape and supports the other cell parts.
|
The nucleus is the master control center for cell activities. The nucleus sends signals and instructions to different parts of the cell. Not every cell has a nucleus, but most plant and animal cells have one.
|
|
Which material is this tablecloth made of?
|
[
"ceramic",
"linen"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Identify materials in objects
|
A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
|
Look at the picture of the tablecloth.
The tablecloth is made of linen.
Linen is made from the stems of flax plants. First, the stems are cut. Then, the stems are soaked in water until they are soft. The soft fibers from the stems are then spun into yarn.
|
||
Which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles?
|
[
"neither; their concentrations are the same",
"Solution B",
"Solution A"
] | 0 |
The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each pink ball represents one particle of solute.
|
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Solutions
|
Compare concentrations of solutions
|
A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
|
In Solution A and Solution B, the pink particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of pink particles, look at both the number of pink particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of pink particles per milliliter.
Solution A and Solution B have the same number of pink particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same.
|
|
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().
|
[
"the surroundings . . . each bottle",
"each bottle . . . the surroundings"
] | 0 |
Two bottles of soda were sitting on a porch on a hot day. The two bottles were identical, except that one bottle was made of brown glass and one bottle was made of clear glass. This table shows how the temperature of each bottle changed over 25minutes.
|
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Thermal energy
|
Compare thermal energy transfers
|
A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred out of the object to its surroundings.
|
The temperature of each bottle increased, which means that the thermal energy of each bottle increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each bottle.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Answer the riddle.
I work in a school.
I help you read and write.
I give you homework.
What am I?
|
[
"a teacher",
"a friend"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade1
|
language science
|
vocabulary
|
Comprehension strategies
|
What am I?
|
A teacher works in a school.
A teacher helps you read and write.
A teacher gives you homework.
|
||
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Complete the sentence.
Sitting Bull was an important () leader in the 1800s.
|
[
"Mexican American",
"Native American",
"Japanese American",
"German American"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
social science
|
us-history
|
Historical figures
|
Sitting Bull
|
Sitting Bull was an important Native American leader in the 1800 s. He was part of the Lakota tribe. The Lakota tribe is part of a larger group of Native Americans called the Sioux.
When was Sitting Bull born?
Historians don't know for sure. The Lakota didn't keep many written records. Sitting Bull guessed he was born in 1831.
|
||
What is the name of the colony shown?
|
[
"Delaware",
"New York",
"Pennsylvania",
"Virginia"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
us-history
|
Colonial America
|
Identify the Thirteen Colonies
|
The colony is Pennsylvania.
|
|||
Not supported with pagination yet |
What information supports the conclusion that Leslie acquired this trait?
|
[
"Leslie likes to photograph birds at the zoo.",
"Leslie was not born knowing how to identify different bird calls. She had to learn this skill."
] | 1 |
Read the description of a trait.
Leslie is good at identifying birds from their calls.
|
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Traits and heredity
|
Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement
|
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.
| |
Which statement best describes the average monthly precipitation in Boston?
|
[
"Precipitation does not change much from month to month in Boston.",
"About the same amount of precipitation falls each month between May and October.",
"March is drier than January, February, and October."
] | 1 |
Use the graph to answer the question below.
|
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Weather and climate
|
Use climate data to make predictions
|
Scientists record climate data from places around the world. Precipitation, or rain and snow, is one type of climate data.
A bar graph can be used to show the average amount of precipitation each month. Months with taller bars have more precipitation on average.
|
To describe the average precipitation trends in Boston, look at the graph.
Choice "Jan" is incorrect.
Choice "Feb" is incorrect.
Choice "Mar" is incorrect.
Choice "May" is incorrect.
Choice "Oct" is incorrect.
Choice "Precipitation does not change much from month to month in Boston." is incorrect.
On average, more precipitation falls between November and April than between May and October.
Choice "About the same amount of precipitation falls each month between May and October." is incorrect.
The average precipitation each month between May and October is about 3 inches. So, about the same amount of precipitation falls during each of these months.
Choice "March is drier than January, February, and October." is incorrect.
Drier months have a lower average precipitation than wetter months. October has a lower average precipitation than March. So, March is not drier than October.
|
|
Look at the models of molecules below. Select the elementary substance.
|
[
"methanol",
"tetraphosphorus",
"ethane"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Atoms and molecules
|
Identify elementary substances and compounds using models
|
There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element boron is B, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element chlorine is Cl.
Scientists use different types of models to represent substances whose atoms are bonded in different ways. One type of model is a ball-and-stick model. The ball-and-stick model below represents a molecule of the compound boron trichloride.
In a ball-and-stick model, the balls represent atoms, and the sticks represent bonds. Notice that the balls in the model above are not all the same color. Each color represents a different chemical element. The legend shows the color and the atomic symbol for each chemical element in the substance.
| |||
Select the amphibian below.
|
[
"emerald tree boa",
"western gorilla",
"gray tree frog",
"water buffalo"
] | 2 |
Amphibians have moist skin and begin their lives in water.
Amphibians are cold-blooded. The body temperature of cold-blooded animals depends on their environment.
A California toad is an example of an amphibian.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Classification
|
Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians
|
Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.
Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals.
|
An emerald tree boa is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
Tree boas eat small mammals, birds, lizards, and frogs. Tree boas only need to eat once every few months!
A gray tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
There are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches.
A water buffalo is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk.
Water buffaloes live in Asia. Some people raise water buffaloes for their milk.
A western gorilla is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk.
Gorillas live in groups called troops. The largest male in the troop is usually the leader.
|
|
Which month is the coldest on average in Tokyo?
|
[
"August and September",
"October and November",
"January and February"
] | 2 |
Use the graph to answer the question below.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Weather and climate
|
Use climate data to make predictions
|
To describe the average temperature trends in Tokyo, look at the graph.
Choice "Feb" is incorrect.
Choice "Aug" is incorrect.
Choice "Sep" is incorrect.
Choice "Oct" is incorrect.
Choice "Nov" is incorrect.
Choice "Jan" is incorrect.
The average temperatures in January and February are around 5°C. These months have the lowest average temperatures of all of the months. So, they are the coldest months of the year.
|
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Not supported with pagination yet |
Would you find the word bare on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
bent - burn
|
[
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 |
yes or no
|
grade2
|
language science
|
reference-skills
|
Reference skills
|
Use guide words
|
Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second letters. If the second letters are the same, look at the third letters, and so on.
|
Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since bare is not between the guide words bent - burn, it would not be found on that page.
|
|
Which of the following statements describes the Roman Empire during the Pax Romana?
|
[
"The Roman Empire controlled all of the land around the Mediterranean Sea.",
"The Roman Empire only controlled land in Europe and Africa.",
"The Roman Empire controlled all of the land around the Caspian Sea."
] | 0 |
The period of the Pax Romana, or the Roman Peace, lasted from 27 BCE to 180 CE. During this period, the Roman Empire reached its largest size. Look at the map of the Roman Empire during the Pax Romana. Then answer the question below.
|
closed choice
|
grade6
|
social science
|
world-history
|
Rome and the Byzantine Empire
|
The fall of the Western Roman Empire
| |||
Which country is highlighted?
|
[
"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines",
"Barbados",
"Saint Lucia",
"Dominica"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
geography
|
The Americas: geography
|
Identify and select countries of the Caribbean
|
This country is Barbados.
|
|||
What is the name of the colony shown?
|
[
"Maryland",
"Connecticut",
"Illinois",
"Virginia"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
us-history
|
English colonies in North America
|
Identify the Thirteen Colonies
|
The colony is Maryland.
|
|||
Not supported with pagination yet |
What is the mass of a blue whale?
|
[
"200 tons",
"200 pounds",
"200 ounces"
] | 0 |
Select the best estimate.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
units-and-measurement
|
Units and measurement
|
Choose customary units of mass
|
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or tons.
There are 16 ounces in 1 pound and 2,000 pounds in 1 ton.
So, 1 ounce is less than 1 pound and much less than 1 ton.
A slice of bread has a mass of about 1 ounce, while a can of beans has a mass of about 1 pound. A small car has a mass of about 1 ton.
|
The best estimate for the mass of a blue whale is 200 tons.
200 ounces and 200 pounds are both too light.
|
What is the capital of Wyoming?
|
[
"Charleston",
"Cheyenne",
"Salem",
"Seattle"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify the 50 state capitals
|
Cheyenne is the capital of Wyoming.
|
|||
Which of these states is farthest south?
|
[
"Montana",
"Minnesota",
"Washington",
"Connecticut"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
Geography
|
Read a map: cardinal directions
|
Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
|
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Connecticut is farthest south.
|
||
Which country is highlighted?
|
[
"Vanuatu",
"Solomon Islands",
"Nauru",
"Fiji"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
social science
|
geography
|
Oceania: geography
|
Identify and select countries of Oceania
|
This country is Vanuatu.
Does Vanuatu have any territorial disputes?
Vanuatu claims to own Matthew and Hunter Islands, which are disputed islands. In other words, multiple countries or groups claim that the islands rightfully belong to them.
France has controlled the islands since 1929. But shortly after gaining independence in 1980, Vanuatu claimed to rightfully own the islands. It points to underwater geographic features and legends passed down by its people to argue that it has stronger connections to the islands than France. No one lives on the islands today.
|
|||
Which country is highlighted?
|
[
"Cuba",
"Dominica",
"the Dominican Republic",
"Saint Lucia"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
geography
|
The Americas: geography
|
Identify and select countries of the Caribbean
|
This country is Dominica.
|
|||
Not supported with pagination yet |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Abdul can fly a helicopter.
|
[
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 |
Hint: Pilots have to learn how to fly a helicopter.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Traits and heredity
|
Identify inherited and acquired traits
|
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.
|
People are not born knowing how to fly a helicopter. Instead, some people learn how to fly helicopters. So, flying a helicopter is an acquired trait.
|
What is the capital of Maryland?
|
[
"Phoenix",
"Manchester",
"Annapolis",
"Dover"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Northeast
|
Annapolis is the capital of Maryland.
|
|||
What is the capital of Kentucky?
|
[
"Atlanta",
"Lansing",
"Louisville",
"Frankfort"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Southeast
|
Frankfort is the capital of Kentucky.
|
|||
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which object has the most thermal energy?
|
[
"a 280-gram bottle of water at a temperature of 40°F",
"a 280-gram bottle of water at a temperature of 72°F",
"a 280-gram bottle of water at a temperature of 45°F"
] | 1 |
The objects are identical except for their temperatures.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Heat and thermal energy
|
How is temperature related to thermal energy?
|
All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.
|
All three bottles of water have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 72°F bottle of water is the hottest, it has the most thermal energy.
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
What is the volume of a water balloon?
|
[
"555 milliliters",
"555 liters"
] | 0 |
Select the better estimate.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
units-and-measurement
|
Units and measurement
|
Choose metric units of volume
|
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using metric units, volume may be written in units of milliliters or liters.
There are 1,000 milliliters in 1 liter. So, 1 milliliter is much less than 1 liter.
A raindrop has a volume of about 20 milliliters, while a large soda bottle has a volume of 2 liters. The flask shown here measures volumes up to 500 milliliters.
|
The better estimate for the volume of a water balloon is 555 milliliters.
555 liters is too much.
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
If Mom didn't turn off the air conditioner, then clearly she must be too hot.
|
[
"false dichotomy: an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist",
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
language science
|
writing-strategies
|
Developing and supporting arguments
|
Classify logical fallacies
|
A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fallacy may present irrelevant information:
Fallacy | Description
ad hominem | a personal attack meant to discredit one's opponent
appeal to nature | an argument that assumes the natural choice is always the best choice
bandwagon fallacy | an argument that assumes the popular choice is always the best choice
circular reasoning | an argument that supports a claim with the claim itself
guilt by association | an unfair negative association with another person or group that is intended to discredit someone or something
red herring | the use of a completely unrelated topic in support of a claim
A logical fallacy may misrepresent the issues at hand:
Fallacy | Description
false causation | the assumption that because two things happened together, one caused the other
false dichotomy | an argument that presents only two choices when more options exist
hasty generalization | a very broad claim based on very little evidence
straw man | a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against
|
The text argues that Mom didn't turn off the air conditioner, because she is too hot. However, Mom may not have turned off the air conditioner for a variety of reasons. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a false dichotomy.
|
|
During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().
|
[
"each greenhouse . . . the surroundings",
"the surroundings . . . each greenhouse"
] | 1 |
Two identical greenhouses were next to each other. There were solar panels on the roof of one greenhouse but not on the roof of the other greenhouse. This table shows how the temperature of each greenhouse changed over 2hours.
|
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Thermal energy
|
Compare thermal energy transfers
|
A change in an object's temperature indicates a change in the object's thermal energy:
An increase in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy increased. So, thermal energy was transferred into the object from its surroundings.
A decrease in temperature shows that the object's thermal energy decreased. So, thermal energy was transferred out of the object to its surroundings.
|
The temperature of each greenhouse increased, which means that the thermal energy of each greenhouse increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each greenhouse.
|
|
Which continent is highlighted?
|
[
"Africa",
"North America",
"Asia",
"Europe"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
geography
|
Physical Geography
|
Oceans and continents
|
A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.
|
This continent is Africa.
|
||
What can Turner and Dylan trade to each get what they want?
|
[
"Dylan can trade his almonds for Turner's tomatoes.",
"Turner can trade his tomatoes for Dylan's carrots.",
"Turner can trade his tomatoes for Dylan's broccoli.",
"Dylan can trade his broccoli for Turner's oranges."
] | 2 |
Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Turner and Dylan open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Turner nor Dylan got everything that they wanted. The table below shows which items they each wanted:
Look at the images of their lunches. Then answer the question below.
Turner's lunch Dylan's lunch
|
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
economics
|
Basic economic principles
|
Trade and specialization
|
Look at the table and images.
Turner wants broccoli. Dylan wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want.
|
||
Which continent is highlighted?
|
[
"Europe",
"Africa",
"Asia"
] | 2 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
social science
|
geography
|
Geography
|
Identify oceans and continents
|
A continent is one of the seven largest areas of land on earth.
|
This continent is Asia.
|
||
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which word does not rhyme?
|
[
"last",
"late",
"fast"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade1
|
language science
|
phonological-awareness
|
Rhyming
|
Which word does not rhyme?
|
Rhyming words are words that end with the same sound.
The words tip and slip rhyme. They both end with the ip sound.
The words lake and make rhyme. They both end with the ake sound.
The words tip and lake don't rhyme. They end with different sounds.
|
The words last and fast rhyme. They both end with the ast sound.
The word late does not rhyme. It ends with a different sound.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which correctly shows the title of a play?
|
[
"\"All for Me\"",
"***All for Me***"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade9
|
language science
|
punctuation
|
Formatting
|
Formatting titles
|
The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine"
|
A play should be in italics.
The correct title is **All for Me**.
|
|
Look at the picture. Which word best describes the sound this water makes?
|
[
"dripping",
"snapping",
"growling"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
language science
|
writing-strategies
|
Descriptive details
|
Choose the sensory details that match the picture
|
When you write, you can use sensory details. These sense words help your reader understand what something looks, sounds, tastes, smells, or feels like.
Sensory Category | Description
Sight | These are words like bright, clean, and purple. A reader can imagine looking at these details.
Sound | These are words like hissing, buzzing, and ringing. A reader can imagine hearing these details.
Taste | These are words like juicy, sweet, and burnt. A reader can imagine tasting these details.
Smell | These are words like fruity, sweet, and stinky. A reader can imagine smelling these details.
Touch | These are words like fuzzy, wet, and soft. A reader can imagine feeling these details.
Many sense words can describe more than one sense. For example, soft can describe a touch or a sound. And sweet can describe a taste or a smell.
|
Look at the picture.
The word dripping describes the sound this water makes.
Growling and snapping can also describe sounds. But they do not describe the sounds this water makes.
|
||
Not supported with pagination yet |
What kind of sentence is this?
Do you know Marco from soccer camp, or do you have another connection with him?
|
[
"declarative",
"interrogative",
"exclamatory"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
language science
|
punctuation
|
Sentences, fragments, and run-ons
|
Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory?
|
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming weekend?
An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something, and it usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.
For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
Don't drive so quickly in the construction zone!
An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.
I can't wait to travel through Europe this summer!
|
The sentence asks something, and it ends with a question mark. It is an interrogative sentence.
|
|
What can Alvin and Mason trade to each get what they want?
|
[
"Mason can trade his almonds for Alvin's tomatoes.",
"Alvin can trade his tomatoes for Mason's carrots.",
"Mason can trade his broccoli for Alvin's oranges.",
"Alvin can trade his tomatoes for Mason's broccoli."
] | 3 |
Trade happens when people agree to exchange goods and services. People give up something to get something else. Sometimes people barter, or directly exchange one good or service for another.
Alvin and Mason open their lunch boxes in the school cafeteria. Neither Alvin nor Mason got everything that they wanted. The table below shows which items they each wanted:
Look at the images of their lunches. Then answer the question below.
Alvin's lunch Mason's lunch
|
closed choice
|
grade7
|
social science
|
economics
|
Basic economic principles
|
Trade and specialization
|
Look at the table and images.
Alvin wants broccoli. Mason wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want.
|
||
Not supported with pagination yet |
Based on this information, what is Dory's phenotype for the iridescent scales trait?
|
[
"mostly iridescent scales",
"Ii"
] | 0 |
This passage describes the iridescent scales trait in bettas:
In a group of bettas, some individuals have mostly iridescent scales and others have mostly plain scales. In this group, the gene for the iridescent scales trait has two alleles. The allele I is for mostly iridescent scales, and the allele i is for mostly plain scales.
Dory, a betta from this group, has mostly iridescent scales. Dory has one allele for mostly iridescent scales and one allele for mostly plain scales.
|
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Genes to traits
|
Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype
|
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color gene—one allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.
|
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Dory's observable version of the iridescent scales trait is mostly iridescent scales. So, Dory's phenotype for the iridescent scales trait is mostly iridescent scales.
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which letter to the editor is more formal?
|
[
"We shouldn't put up with the mayor's nonsense for one more second.",
"We should not tolerate the mayor's reckless behavior."
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade11
|
language science
|
writing-strategies
|
Audience, purpose, and tone
|
Which text is most formal?
|
Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.
Compare the following sentences.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.
More formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.
Most formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.
|
The first letter to the editor is more formal. It uses more elevated language (should not tolerate, reckless behavior). The other letter to the editor uses casual language, such as contractions (shouldn't) and idioms (put up with).
|
|
Which continent is highlighted?
|
[
"Africa",
"Asia",
"Europe",
"South America"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade5
|
social science
|
geography
|
Oceans and continents
|
Identify oceans and continents
|
A continent is one of the major land masses on the earth. Most people say there are seven continents.
|
This continent is Asia.
|
||
What is the capital of Indiana?
|
[
"Lansing",
"Indianapolis",
"Springfield",
"Fort Wayne"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Midwest
|
Indianapolis is the capital of Indiana.
|
|||
In this food chain, the Arctic fox is a consumer. Why?
|
[
"It eats another organism.",
"It makes its own food."
] | 0 |
This diagram shows a food chain from Baffin Island, a tundra ecosystem in Canada.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecosystems
|
Identify roles in food chains
|
Every organism needs food to stay alive. Organisms get their food in different ways. A food chain shows how organisms in an ecosystem get their food.
Producers make their own food. Many producers use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to make sugar. This sugar is food for the producer.
Consumers eat other organisms. Consumers cannot make their own food.
|
In this food chain, the Arctic fox is a consumer because it eats another organism. The Arctic fox in this food chain eats the Arctic hare.
|
|
Based on the timeline, which statement is true?
|
[
"The Revolutionary War lasted about eight years.",
"The Declaration of Independence was signed after the Revolutionary War ended.",
"The Declaration of Independence was signed before the Revolutionary War began."
] | 0 |
Look at the timeline of events from the Revolutionary War. Then answer the question below.
|
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
us-history
|
The American Revolution
|
The Revolutionary War: struggle for independence
| |||
Select the fish below.
|
[
"eastern newt",
"tokay gecko",
"gray tree frog",
"hammerhead shark"
] | 3 |
Fish live underwater. They have fins, not limbs.
Fish are cold-blooded. The body temperature of cold-blooded animals depends on their environment.
A salmon is an example of a fish.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Classification
|
Identify mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians
|
Birds, mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are groups of animals. Scientists sort animals into each group based on traits they have in common. This process is called classification.
Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live. Classification also helps scientists compare similar animals.
|
A gray tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
There are many kinds of tree frogs. Most tree frogs are very small. They can walk on thin branches.
An eastern newt is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water.
Some newts live in water. Other newts live on land but lay their eggs in water.
A tokay gecko is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin.
Many geckos have special pads on their toes. The pads help them climb up plants and rocks.
A hammerhead shark is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs.
Hammerhead sharks get their names from the shape of their heads. They have a wide, flat head and a small mouth.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Based on this information, what is Pearl's phenotype for the tail spots trait?
|
[
"ii",
"an unspotted tail"
] | 1 |
In a group of guppies, some individuals have a spotted tail and others have an unspotted tail. In this group, the gene for the tail spots trait has two alleles. The allele I is for a spotted tail, and the allele i is for an unspotted tail.
Pearl, a guppy from this group, has an unspotted tail. Pearl has two alleles for an unspotted tail.
|
closed choice
|
grade6
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Genes to traits
|
Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype
|
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color gene—one allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.
|
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Pearl's observable version of the tail spots trait is an unspotted tail. So, Pearl's phenotype for the tail spots trait is an unspotted tail.
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Using only these supplies, which question can Christina investigate with an experiment?
|
[
"Do the deer eat fewer leaves from bean plants sprayed with garlic spray than from unsprayed bean plants?",
"Do the deer eat fewer leaves from bean plants sprayed with coffee spray than from unsprayed bean plants?",
"Do the deer eat more leaves from tomato plants or from squash plants?"
] | 0 |
Christina has a garden that is sometimes visited by deer. She notices that the deer eat some plants in her garden more than others. She wonders what factors affect which plants the deer eat. So, she decides to design an experiment. She has the following supplies available:
a garlic spray used to keep garden pests away
four tomato plants
four bean plants
|
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
science-and-engineering-practices
|
Designing experiments
|
Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials
|
Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants grow to different heights when planted in different types of soil. How might you decide what supplies are necessary to conduct this experiment?
First, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be tested, which is the independent variable. This is usually the part of the experiment that is different or changed. In this case, you would like to know how plants grow in different types of soil. So, you must have different types of soil available.
Next, you need to identify the part of the experiment that will be measured or observed, which is the dependent variable. In this experiment, you would like to know if some plants grow taller than others. So, you must be able to compare the plants' heights. To do this, you can observe which plants are taller by looking at them, or you can measure their exact heights with a meterstick.
So, if you have different types of soil and can observe or measure the heights of your plants, then you have the supplies you need to investigate your question with an experiment!
| |
Which property do these three objects have in common?
|
[
"hard",
"blue",
"sticky"
] | 2 |
Select the best answer.
|
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Compare properties of objects
|
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups.
|
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A sticky object can attach or stick to other things. All three objects are sticky.
A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. The bubble gum and the tape are not hard.
Blue is a color.
This color is blue. The caramel corn and the bubble gum are not blue.
The property that all three objects have in common is sticky.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
Which object has more thermal energy?
|
[
"a 225-gram glass of orange juice at a temperature of 20°C",
"a 225-gram glass of orange juice at a temperature of 15°C"
] | 0 |
The objects are identical except for their temperatures.
|
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Heat and thermal energy
|
How is temperature related to thermal energy?
|
All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.
|
The two glasses of orange juice have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 20°C glass of orange juice is hotter than the 15°C glass of orange juice, it has more thermal energy.
|
Which property do these four objects have in common?
|
[
"rough",
"hard",
"salty"
] | 2 |
Select the best answer.
|
closed choice
|
grade5
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Compare properties of objects
|
An object has different properties. A property of an object can tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Properties can also tell you how an object will behave when something happens to it.
Different objects can have properties in common. You can use these properties to put objects into groups. Grouping objects by their properties is called classification.
|
Look at each object.
For each object, decide if it has that property.
A rough object feels scratchy when you touch it. The potato chips are rough, but the ocean water is not.
A hard object does not change shape when pressed or squeezed. The pretzel is hard, but the ocean water and the fries are not.
Potato chips have a salty taste. All four objects are salty.
The property that all four objects have in common is salty.
|
|
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Suppose Emmett decides to plant the irises. Which result would be a cost?
|
[
"Emmett will give up the chance to look at the magnolia tree. He thinks it would have looked more beautiful than the irises.",
"He will save some space. The irises will use up less space than the magnolia tree would have used up."
] | 0 |
Emmett is deciding whether to plant irises or a magnolia tree in his backyard. He wants to make his backyard more beautiful. But he also wants to leave space for doing fun things.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
economics
|
Basic economic principles
|
Costs and benefits
|
Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you want or need.
|
This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Emmett wants or needs:
Emmett will give up the chance to look at the magnolia tree. He thinks it would have looked more beautiful than the irises.
|
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
|
[
"weather",
"climate"
] | 0 |
Figure: Mount Washington.
Mount Washington is a tall mountain in New Hampshire. On April 12, 1934, a wind speed of 231 miles per hour was recorded on the mountain.
Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place.
|
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
earth-science
|
Weather and climate
|
Weather and climate around the world
|
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.
|
Read the passage carefully.
Mount Washington is a tall mountain in New Hampshire. On April 12, 1934, a wind speed of 231 miles per hour was recorded on the mountain.
The underlined part of the passage tells you about the wind speed on Mount Washington on April 12, 1934. This passage describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.
|
|
Which better describes the tide pool ecosystems in Paparoa National Park?
|
[
"It has daily flooding and draining of seawater. It also has many different types of organisms.",
"It has daily flooding and draining of seawater. It also has water that is poor in nutrients."
] | 0 |
Figure: Paparoa National Park.
Paparoa National Park is in New Zealand, a country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The park has many tide pool ecosystems.
|
closed choice
|
grade3
|
natural science
|
biology
|
Ecosystems
|
Describe ecosystems
|
An ecosystem is formed when living and nonliving things interact in an environment. There are many types of ecosystems. Here are some ways in which ecosystems can differ from each other:
the pattern of weather, or climate
the type of soil or water
the organisms that live there
|
A tide pool is a type of ecosystem. Tide pool ecosystems have the following features: daily flooding and draining of seawater, water that is rich in nutrients, and many different types of organisms. So, the tide pool ecosystems in Paparoa National Park have daily flooding and draining of seawater. They also have many different types of organisms.
|
|
What is the capital of South Carolina?
|
[
"Charleston",
"Columbia",
"Lansing",
"Los Angeles"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade3
|
social science
|
geography
|
State capitals
|
Identify state capitals of the Southeast
|
Columbia is the capital of South Carolina.
|
|||
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Is this a sentence fragment?
Although fewer than twenty-five California condors remained in the wild in 1982, their numbers increased to more than one hundred sixty by 2014.
|
[
"no",
"yes"
] | 0 |
yes or no
|
grade12
|
language science
|
writing-strategies
|
Sentences, fragments, and run-ons
|
Identify sentence fragments
|
A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought.
The band I'm in has been rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought.
Rehearsing daily because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing a subject. It doesn't tell who is rehearsing.
The band I'm in.
This fragment is missing a verb. It doesn't tell what the band I'm in is doing.
Because we have a concert in two weeks.
This fragment is missing an independent clause. It doesn't tell what happened because of the concert.
|
This is not a sentence fragment. It is a complete sentence because it expresses a complete thought.
Although fewer than twenty-five California condors remained in the wild in 1982, their numbers increased to more than one hundred sixty by 2014.
|
|
Which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles?
|
[
"Solution B",
"Solution A",
"neither; their concentrations are the same"
] | 2 |
The diagram below is a model of two solutions. Each blue ball represents one particle of solute.
|
closed choice
|
grade8
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Solutions
|
Compare concentrations of solutions
|
A solution is made up of two or more substances that are completely mixed. In a solution, solute particles are mixed into a solvent. The solute cannot be separated from the solvent by a filter. For example, if you stir a spoonful of salt into a cup of water, the salt will mix into the water to make a saltwater solution. In this case, the salt is the solute. The water is the solvent.
The concentration of a solute in a solution is a measure of the ratio of solute to solvent. Concentration can be described in terms of particles of solute per volume of solvent.
concentration = particles of solute / volume of solvent
|
In Solution A and Solution B, the blue particles represent the solute. To figure out which solution has a higher concentration of blue particles, look at both the number of blue particles and the volume of the solvent in each container.
Use the concentration formula to find the number of blue particles per milliliter.
Solution A and Solution B have the same number of blue particles per milliliter. So, their concentrations are the same.
|
|
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Compare the motion of two geese. Which goose was moving at a lower speed?
|
[
"a goose that moved 215miles in 5hours",
"a goose that moved 375miles in 5hours"
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade2
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Force and motion
|
Compare the speeds of moving objects
|
An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects moving for the same amount of time. The object that is moving slower will go a shorter distance in that time. It is moving at a lower speed.
|
Look at the distance each goose moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One goose moved 215 miles in 5 hours.
The other goose moved 375 miles in 5 hours.
Notice that each goose spent the same amount of time moving. The goose that moved 215 miles moved a shorter distance in that time. So, that goose must have moved at a lower speed.
|
|
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Which is the softest?
|
[
"ceramic plate",
"nylon track suit",
"asphalt road"
] | 1 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
natural science
|
physics
|
Materials
|
Compare properties of materials
|
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.
|
Soft is a property. A soft material changes shape when pressed or squeezed.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the nylon track suit is the softest. If you squeeze nylon, it will change shape.
|
|
Not supported with pagination yet |
What do these two changes have in common?
making jam
photosynthesis
|
[
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating."
] | 0 |
closed choice
|
grade7
|
natural science
|
chemistry
|
Chemical reactions
|
Compare physical and chemical changes
|
Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change caused by heating. As paper burns, paper molecules react with oxygen molecules in the air. This reaction breaks the chemical bonds in the molecules. The atoms then link together in a different way to form different molecules. For example, carbon dioxide molecules are formed when paper burns.
In a physical change, chemical bonds do not break. The types of molecules in matter before and after a physical change are always the same.
A change of state is a type of physical change. Changes of state can be caused by heating or cooling. For example, water vaporizing is a physical change that can be caused by heating. Liquid water and water vapor are made of the same type of matter: water.
The law of conservation of mass says that all physical and chemical changes conserve mass. Conserve means to keep the same. So, the total mass before a physical or chemical change is equal to the total mass after the change.
|
Step 1: Think about each change.
Making jam is a chemical change. It involves mixing fruit, sugar, and a substance called pectin.
When these ingredients are mixed and cooked, the chemical bonds in their molecules are broken. The atoms then link together to form different molecules that make up the jam.
Photosynthesis is a chemical change. Plants make sugar using carbon dioxide, water, and energy from sunlight.
Step 2: Look at each answer choice.
Both are only physical changes.
Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes.
Both are chemical changes.
Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different.
Both are caused by heating.
The reaction that makes jam is caused by heating. But photosynthesis is not.
Both are caused by cooling.
Neither change is caused by cooling.
|
|
Which country is highlighted?
|
[
"the Dominican Republic",
"Grenada",
"Antigua and Barbuda",
"Dominica"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade8
|
social science
|
geography
|
The Americas: geography
|
Identify and select countries of the Caribbean
|
This country is Dominica.
|
|||
Which of these states is farthest east?
|
[
"Wyoming",
"Iowa",
"Arkansas",
"Vermont"
] | 3 |
closed choice
|
grade4
|
social science
|
geography
|
Maps
|
Read a map: cardinal directions
|
Maps have four cardinal directions, or main directions. Those directions are north, south, east, and west.
A compass rose is a set of arrows that point to the cardinal directions. A compass rose usually shows only the first letter of each cardinal direction.
The north arrow points to the North Pole. On most maps, north is at the top of the map.
|
To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Vermont is farthest east.
|
Subsets and Splits
Topic Counts by Grade
Provides a breakdown of the number of questions by topic (physics, chemistry, biology, geography) for each grade level, revealing the distribution of question types.
Train Data with Numeric Choices
This query identifies distinct rows in the dataset where one of the elements in the choices column contains a number and the image column is null, providing insight into data completeness and specific patterns in the choices.
Select Test Rows With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering without deep analytical value.
Test Images Query
This query retrieves a limited sample of rows where the image column is not null, providing basic filtering but minimal analytical value.
Test Data with Images
The query filters out rows where the image column is not null, providing a basic subset of the data but without much analytical insight.
Select Test Entries With Images
The query retrieves all records from the 'test' table where the 'image' column is not null, providing basic filtering but no deeper analytical insight.