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null | closed_qa | Given this paragraph about video game consoles, when was the Nintendo DS released? | In 2004, Nintendo released the Nintendo DS, which featured such innovations as dual screens – one of which being a touchscreen – and wireless connectivity for multiplayer play. Throughout its lifetime, more than 154 million units were sold, making it the most successful handheld console and the second best-selling console in history. In 2005, Nintendo released the Game Boy Micro, the last system in the Game Boy line. Sales did not meet Nintendo's expectations, with 2.5 million units being sold by 2007. In mid-2005, the Nintendo World Store was inaugurated in New York City. | 2004 | null | null | null | 6600 |
null | classification | Looking at cities in Australia that are on the east coast and the west coast of the country, which coast are the cities of Fremantle, Sydney, Brisbane, Perth, Cairns, Townsville, Newcastle located on? | Sydney, Brisbane, Cairns, Townsville and Newcastle are Australian cities located on the east coast of Australia. Fremantle and Perth are located on the west coast of the country. | null | null | null | 6601 |
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null | general_qa | What is the universe made of? | Astronomers don’t seem to know what 95% of the universe is made of. Atoms and physical matter, which form everything we see around us, only account for a measly 5%. Over the past 80 years it has become clear that the substantial remainder is comprised of two shadowy entities – dark matter and dark energy. The former, first discovered in 1933, acts as an invisible glue, binding galaxies and galaxy clusters together. Dark energy, Unveiled in 1998, is responsible for the universe’s accelerated expansion. | null | null | null | 6602 |
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null | closed_qa | Based on the provided text what is on the DVD Our Favorite Things | Our Favorite Things is a compilation DVD by the band Negativland, released on November 27, 2007. The original release date on October 23 was skipped due to a pressing error in the DVDs and the bonus CD, a collection of Negativland covers done by an a cappella doo-wop group. It contains 20 of the band's greatest "hits" animated by 20 different artists from all over the United States. The cover parodies the artwork of the film The Sound of Music as well as title of the film's song "My Favorite Things". The front features a "review" from the character Goofy saying, "It's goofy". The people on the cover are dolls. |
It contains 20 of Negativland's greatest "hits" animated by 20 different artists from all over the United States. | null | null | null | 6603 |
null | brainstorming | Who are the known members of the student group named Dumbledor's Army, from the Harry Potter book series. | The known list of students in Dumbledor's Army is as follows:
Harry Potter (leader and teacher)
Ron Weasley (co-founder)
Hermione Granger (co-founder)
Neville Longbottom (Leader)
Ginny Weasley (Leader)
Luna Lovegood (Leader)
Angelina Johnson
Alice Tolipan
Alicia Spinnet
Anthony Goldstein
Cho Chang
Colin Creevey
Cormac McLaggen
Dean Thomas
Dennis Creevey
Ernie Macmillan
Fred Weasley
George Weasley
Hannah Abbott
Justin Finch-Fletchley
Katie Bell
Lavender Brown
Leanne
Lee Jordan
Luca Caruso
Maisy Reynolds
Marietta Edgecombe
Michael Corner
Nigel Wolpert
Padma Patil
Parvati Patil
Romilda Vane
Seamus Finnigan
Susan Bones
Terry Boot
Zacharias Smith | null | null | null | 6604 |
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null | open_qa | In what key do most car horns honk? | F | null | null | null | 6605 |
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null | closed_qa | Who is the largest coatings company in the world by revenue? | PPG Industries, Inc. is an American Fortune 500 company and global supplier of paints, coatings, and specialty materials. With headquarters in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, PPG operates in more than 70 countries around the globe. By revenue it is the largest coatings company in the world followed by AkzoNobel. It is headquartered in PPG Place, an office and retail complex in downtown Pittsburgh, and is known for its glass facade designed by Postmodern architect Philip Johnson. | PPG Industries, Inc. | null | null | null | 6606 |
null | general_qa | Are seed oils bad for you? | Seed oils such as vegetable, canola, soy, sunflower, etc. are high in omega 6 fatty acids. Research has shown that diets high in omega 6 fatty acids lead to systemic inflammation. Unlike seed oils, saturated fat is usually derived from animal products, however they’ve been demonized by various communities with political agendas. Unlike seed oils, saturated fats do not contain a high amount of omega 6 fatty acid. | null | null | null | 6607 |
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null | general_qa | In autosports, what is the apex and racing line? | The racing line in autosports is an imaginary line in which when followed by the vehicle will provide the most efficient and quickest way through a turn or series of turns. The apex of the racing line is the ideal point in which the car should be positioned closest to the inside of a curve. The term, 'hitting the apex' is used when the ideal racing line is followed. | null | null | null | 6608 |
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null | open_qa | What is National Financial Switch or NFS? | National Financial Switch (NFS) is the largest network of shared automated teller machines (ATMs) in India. It was designed, developed and deployed by the Institute for Development and Research in Banking Technology (IDRBT) in 2004, with the goal of inter-connecting the ATMs in the country and facilitating convenience banking. It is run by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI). As on 31st January’ 22, there were 1,203 members that includes 111 Direct, 1,045 Sub members, 43 RRBs and 4 WLAOs using NFS network connected to more than 2.55 Lac ATM (including cash deposit machines/recyclers).
The National Financial Switch was launched by the IDRBT on 27 August 2004, connecting the ATMs of three banks, Corporation Bank, Bank of Baroda and ICICI Bank.The IDRBT then worked towards bringing all major banks in India on board and by December 2009, the network had grown to connect 49,880 ATMs of 37 banks, thereby emerging as the largest network of shared ATMs in the country. | null | null | null | 6609 |
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null | general_qa | How many colours does a rainbow have? | A rainbow typically comprises 7 colors - red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet, which can be remembered using acronyms like "ROY G BIV" or simple sentences like "Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain", where the starting letter of each word corresponds to the starting letter of the colors of the rainbow, in order. | null | null | null | 6610 |
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null | information_extraction | Did Tropics to the Snow win any awards? | From the Tropics to the Snow is a 1964 Australian short documentary film. It was one of the best known Australian films of the 1960s. It was produced under the auspices of the Commonwealth Film Unit (CFU), later reincorporated as Film Australia. It was co-directed by Jack Lee and Richard (Dick) Mason, and featured Reg Livermore (in his first film role) as one of the 'narrators'.
One of the regular duties of the CFU at this time was the production of short films that were purpose-made for overseas distribution and were intended to promote Australia as an attractive destination for migrants and tourists. From the Tropics to the Snow marked a significant break with the traditional style of such features, and is noted for its subversive and satirical approach to its subject.
Rather than using the stilted, authoritative single-voice narration that was typical of such 'promotion documentaries' at the time, Mason and Lee opted for a strikingly reflexive approach, using a lively (and frequently tongue-in-cheek) multi-voice narration, which is introduced through the dramatic device of a production planning meeting between the film's Producer-in-Chief (Alexander Archdale), the director (Alastair Smart) and the screenwriter (Livermore). This allowed the film to become an ironic critique of itself, humorously examining the mechanics of "documentary" film construction, and the competing pressures and choices that faced filmmakers when creating such films. It also gently parodied Lee and Mason's own situation as "young turks" charged with turning out what were in essence "production-line" propaganda films for a hidebound government department.
The film co-won the Australian Film Institute's Gold Medal for Best Film in 1965. | Yes, Tropics to the Snow was an Australian Film Institute's Gold Medal co-winner for Best Film in 1965. | null | null | null | 6611 |
null | general_qa | Why can helicopters not fly as fast as airplanes? | In order to fly, aircraft need to produce lift. In airplanes, lift is generated by the air that's flowing over the wings. The faster the airplane flies, the more lift is generated. In helicopters on the other hand, lift is generated by the spinning rotor blades. If the helicopter is in motion, the blades will produce more lift on the side where they are moving in the helicopter's direction of travel (advancing), than on the side where they are moving in the opposite direction (retreating). This is called dissymetry of lift. The faster the helicopter flies, the bigger this dissymetry will get. The helicopter's maximum speed is equal to the speed at which the retreating blade would begin to stall. | null | null | null | 6612 |
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null | classification | Classify each of the following as either a state in the United States or a country: Georgia, California, Alaska, Canada, Peru, Texas, Florida, Pennsylvania, New Mexico, Mexico, Ireland, Russia, Oregon | State: California, Alaska, Texas, Florida, Pennsylvania, New Mexico, Oregon
Country: Canada, Peru, Mexico, Ireland, Russia
Both: Georgia | null | null | null | 6613 |
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null | classification | Classify the following cricketers as batsman, bowlers, or all rounders.
David Warner, Trent Boult, Rohit Sharma, Virat Kohli, Rashid Khan, Quinton de Kock | David Warner, Rohit Sharma, Virat Kohli, and Quinton de Kock are batsmen. Trent Boult is a bowler. Rashid Khan is an all rounder. | null | null | null | 6614 |
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null | open_qa | What are the benefits of using the ReLU activation function over the classic sigmoid function in neural networks? | 1. Gradient vanishing problem: The max value of the derivative of sigmoid function is 0.25, which can result in the total gradients becoming very small during back propagation. In contrast ReLU has a constant gradient 1 for positive inputs.
2. Compute efficiency: ReLU can be computed using max(0, x), more efficient than exponential operations in sigmoid function.
3. Convergence speed: it's also reported that using ReLU as activation function in neural networks converges faster than using sigmoid function. | null | null | null | 6615 |
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null | open_qa | What is a reporting dashboard? | A reporting dashboard is a way to show business metrics and business insights based on business data. It enables high level leadership and management to make and implement decisions that have a positive affect on a Company's revenue. These benefits include both added revenue and stopping lost revenue. Data Analyst work with Data Engineers to develop these dashboards and reporting. | null | null | null | 6616 |
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null | creative_writing | Write a story about getting stuck on a train | The subway suddenly stops. I groan in frustration. I have been waiting for months to go to this particular art exhibit that happens once a year and now I’m going to be late. I tap my foot out of impatience. Minutes pass by and the train becomes loud with angry passengers.
I slip away to the emptier part of the train. I need to call my friends stating I will be late. I search for my phone in my bag but I could not find it. I think I forgot it at home. I look around to see if I could borrow anyone's phone. I walk up to the person in the seat across from me.
“Excuse me is there any possible chance I could borrow your phone?” I question
“There's no use calling anyone down here. There’s no signal,” She responds
“Thank you anyway,” I say and walk back to my seat in defeat. I look out the window to see that the conductor's part of the subway is gone. I start to panic, my mind looking at all the worst possible scenarios. Did anyone else notice? I sit in silence for a few minutes not knowing what will happen next.
“Where’s the conductor's car?” Someone yells out. The entire subway goes crazy. I continue to look out the window to block everyone out. I am lost in my daydreaming until I see a crack appear on the wall. I jump up. The crack begins to spread and spread.
Water starts to pour out, suddenly I’m not the only one who noticed it anymore. Everyone is stunned. Clearly thinking of the same thing I’m thinking of. We are going to drown.
I watch in fear as the water is spreading more quickly and it soon covers the subway floor. I managed to hop on a chair in time but others weren't as lucky as me.
It begins to reach up to the chairs. The water seems to never stop pouring in. I then see another light, it’s firemen in a special train car. I am close to the exit door so I was one of the first ones evacuated. | null | null | null | 6617 |
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null | creative_writing | A triangle has angles of 25 degrees and 45 degrees. What is the last angle in the triangle? | The angles in a triangle sum up to 180 degrees. The last angle is thus 180 - 45 - 25 = 110 degrees | null | null | null | 6618 |
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null | summarization | What are some interesting facts around Wilmer McLean's residencies when it comes to the American Civil War? | Wilmer McLean (May 3, 1814 – June 5, 1882) was an American wholesale grocer from Virginia. His house, near Manassas, Virginia, was involved in the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861. After the battle, he moved to Appomattox, Virginia, to escape the war, thinking that it would be safe. Instead, in 1865, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in McLean's house in Appomattox. His houses were, therefore, involved in one of the first and one of the last encounters of the American Civil War. | He lived near Manassas, Virginia, where one for the first battles of the Civil War was fought, and then moved to Appomattox, also in Virginia, on this later home General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant, near the end of the Civil War. | null | null | null | 6619 |
null | closed_qa | Where did Allen Eager grow up? | Allen Eager was born in New York City on January 10, 1927. He grew up in the Bronx. According to Denise McCluggage, Eager could read aged 3, and learned to drive at the age of 9 with the help of his mother, after she caught him driving a garbage truck near the hotels that his parents owned in the Catskill Mountains. He took clarinet lessons with David Weber of the New York Philharmonic at the age of 13. | Allen Eager grew up in the Bronx. | null | null | null | 6620 |
null | general_qa | What causes that feeling of weightlessness when you're on a rollercoaster? | The weightless feeling from a rollercoaster is caused by gravitational force, also known as g-force. Different rollercoaster elements lead to different types of g-force: there is positive g-force, which drives blood downwards towards the feet, and negative g-force, which drives blood upwards towards the head. Negative g-force acts opposite to gravity, and it occurs when you accelerate downwards faster than free-fall. The acceleration causes you to pull out of your seat, evoking a sense of weightlessness. | null | null | null | 6621 |
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null | open_qa | Is it possible to prevent Type 2 Diabetes? | Type 2 diabetes is largely preventable by staying a normal weight, exercising regularly, and eating a healthy diet (high in fruits and vegetables and low in sugar and saturated fats).Treatment involves exercise and dietary changes. If blood sugar levels are not adequately lowered, the medication metformin is typically recommended. Many people may eventually also require insulin injections. In those on insulin, routinely checking blood sugar levels is advised; however, this may not be needed in those who are not on insulin therapy. Bariatric surgery often improves diabetes in those who are obese. | null | null | null | 6622 |
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null | open_qa | How many vaccines should I get, if a dog bites me? | There is no common number that applies to all, so you should immediately seek medical assistance. And then, based on the severity of the bite, your health provider can recommend the number of vaccines, along with any other treatment. | null | null | null | 6623 |
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null | closed_qa | Given this reference text about the Catholic University of America, tell me when it was established, where it is located, and who founded it. | The Catholic University of America (CUA) is a private Roman Catholic research university in Washington, D.C. It is a pontifical university of the Catholic Church in the United States and the only institution of higher education founded by U.S. Catholic bishops. Established in 1887 as a graduate and research center following approval by Pope Leo XIII, the university began offering undergraduate education in 1904. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Its campus is adjacent to the Brookland neighborhood, known as "Little Rome", which contains 60 Catholic institutions, including Trinity Washington University, the Dominican House of Studies, and Archbishop Carroll High School, as well as the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception.
CUA's programs emphasize the liberal arts, professional education, and personal development. The school stays closely connected with the Catholic Church and Catholic organizations. The residential U.S. cardinals put on the American Cardinals Dinner each year to raise scholarship funds. The university also has a long history of working with the Knights of Columbus; its law school and basilica have dedications to the involvement and support of the Knights. | The Catholic University was founded in 1887 by the US Catholic Bishops, and is located in Washington, DC. | null | null | null | 6624 |
null | closed_qa | Given this paragraph on French Revolution, what were the main causes | The French Revolution (French: Révolution française [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz]) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy, while the values and institutions it created remain central to French political discourse.
Its causes are generally agreed to be a combination of social, political and economic factors, which the Ancien Régime proved unable to manage. In May 1789, widespread social distress led to the convocation of the Estates General, which was converted into a National Assembly in June. Continuing unrest culminated in the Storming of the Bastille on 14 July, which led to a series of radical measures by the Assembly, including the abolition of feudalism, the imposition of state control over the Catholic Church in France, and extension of the right to vote. | The causes were multiple, including social, politic, and economic factors. | null | null | null | 6625 |
null | summarization | What is the book "The Sun Also Rises" about? | The Sun Also Rises is a 1926 novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway, his first, that portrays American and British expatriates who travel from Paris to the Festival of San Fermín in Pamplona to watch the running of the bulls and the bullfights. An early modernist novel, it received mixed reviews upon publication. Hemingway biographer Jeffrey Meyers writes that it is now "recognized as Hemingway's greatest work" and Hemingway scholar Linda Wagner-Martin calls it his most important novel. The novel was published in the United States in October 1926 by Scribner's. A year later, Jonathan Cape published the novel in London under the title Fiesta. It remains in print.
The novel is a roman à clef: the characters are based on people in Hemingway's circle and the action is based on events, particularly Hemingway's life in Paris in the 1920s and a trip to Spain in 1925 for the Pamplona festival and fishing in the Pyrenees. Hemingway presents his notion that the "Lost Generation"—considered to have been decadent, dissolute and irretrievably damaged by World War I—was in fact resilient and strong. Hemingway investigates the themes of love and death, the revivifying power of nature and the concept of masculinity. His spare writing style, combined with his restrained use of description to convey characterizations and action, demonstrates his "Iceberg Theory" of writing. | The Sun Also Rises is a book based on people Hemingway knew from his life in Paris, fishing in the Pyrenees, and a trip to the Pamplona festival in Spain. | null | null | null | 6626 |
null | brainstorming | Give me a bullet list of lots of possible weather forecasts | - Sunny
- Partially cloudy
- Cloudy
- Showers
- Thunderstorms
- Hail
- Snowstorm
- Snow flurries
- Heavy fog | null | null | null | 6627 |
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null | summarization | Who are the CEO of National Association of Broadcasters | The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) is a trade association and lobby group representing the interests of commercial and non-commercial over-the-air radio and television broadcasters in the United States. The NAB represents more than 8,300 terrestrial radio and television stations as well as broadcast networks.
As of 2022, the president and CEO of the NAB is Curtis LeGeyt.
Founding
NAB headquarters in Washington, D.C.
The NAB was founded as the National Association of Radio Broadcasters (NARB) in April 1923 at the Drake Hotel in Chicago. The association's founder and first president was Eugene F. McDonald Jr., who also launched the Zenith corporation. In 1951 it changed its name to the National Association of Radio and Television Broadcasters (NARTB) to include the television industry. In 1958 it adopted its current name, "National Association of Broadcasters".
Commercial radio
The NAB worked to establish a commercial radio system in the United States. The system was set up in August 1928 with the establishment of General Order 40—a radio reallocation scheme by the Federal Radio Commission which awarded the choicest frequencies and broadcast times to the then-emerging commercial radio industry. In the wake of General Order 40, a loose coalition of educators, nonprofit broadcasters, labor unions, and religious groups coalesced to oppose the NAB and their allies through the 1920s and 1930s, and to develop a public, nonprofit, license-funded radio system without commercials (similar to what happened with the BBC). The coalition claimed that the commercial industry would only promote profitable programming, thereby reducing the quality and future potential of radio broadcasting.
Not having the political connections, resources, or publicity of the NAB and the commercial radio industry, the non-profit coalition eventually lost the fight with the passage of the Communications Act of 1934.
The National Independent Broadcasters were formed in 1939 as part of the NAB, to represent stations that were not associated with any network, but the group split off in 1941.
Satellite radio
Many satellite radio enthusiasts have criticized the NAB for lobbying against legislation approvals for those services. The NAB protested the FCC's approval of both satellite radio services in the United States—XM and Sirius—and furthermore criticized the 2008 merger of the two companies, calling the merged company a "potential monopoly".
Digital transition
In 2005, the NAB, together with the Association for Maximum Service Television Stations, Inc. (MSTV), commenced development of a prototype high quality, low cost digital-to-analog converter box for terrestrial digital television reception. The result of this project was a specification for the converter box, which was then adopted by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration as a technical requirement for eligible converter boxes for the Administration's Digital-to-Analog Converter Box Coupon Program.
White space
The NAB has lobbied against the use of white spaces, unused broadcast spectrum lying between broadcast channels, for wireless broadband internet and other digital use. The NAB has claimed that use of white space will interfere with existing broadcast spectrum, even though tests by the Federal Communications Commission at levels far stronger than that being advocated for in policy circles have not supported such claims. Indeed, the FCC has recommended the use of white spaces for broadband and other digital use. In 2011 the NAB funded an advertising campaign titled "The Future of TV", advocating for the private ownership of the spectrum, framed as a threat to free television.
Free TV campaign
In mid-2014, an NAB advertising campaign against a Congressional threat appeared, advocating viewers to defeat a cable-TV lobby.
Similar organizations
Organizations similar to the NAB exist in individual U.S. states, including Georgia Association of Broadcasters (GAB) in Georgia, and the Illinois Broadcasters Association (IBA), in Illinois. In Canada, the Canadian Association of Broadcasters (CAB) has a similar role. | As of 2022, the president and CEO of the NAB is Curtis LeGeyt | null | null | null | 6628 |
null | open_qa | What singer has had a Billboard No. 1 hit in each of the last four decades? | Mariah Carey | null | null | null | 6629 |
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null | creative_writing | Write a diary entry about a real life incident on your recent trip with your family | It was a sunny afternoon when we went hiking at Latourell falls as a family. When we were climbing down suddenly we found a snake and a salamander on the trail. The snake attacked the salamander. The salamander fought back but the snake ate it. My son saw the scene and felt so sad. We explained to him that it was nature's way of keeping the balance. | null | null | null | 6630 |
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null | classification | Which of the following are beach wear vs what one would wear on a cold winter trek? If there are common items, create a third category called 'Common':
Socks
Hats
Neck gaiter
Sunglasses
Swimsuits
Undershirts
Cover-ups
Down jacket
Trek poles
Water Shoes
Beanie
Sandals | Beach wear:
Swimsuits
Cover-ups
Sandals
Water Shoes
Cold winter trek wear:
Neck gaiter
Down jacket
Beanie
Trek poles
Common:
Socks
Hats
Sunglasses
Undershirts | null | null | null | 6631 |
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null | closed_qa | What is the United States Bill of Rights? | The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved to the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those in earlier documents, especially the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776), as well as the Northwest Ordinance (1787), the English Bill of Rights (1689), and Magna Carta (1215).
Largely because of the efforts of Representative James Madison, who studied the deficiencies of the Constitution pointed out by anti-federalists and then crafted a series of corrective proposals, Congress approved twelve articles of amendment on September 25, 1789, and submitted them to the states for ratification. Contrary to Madison's proposal that the proposed amendments be incorporated into the main body of the Constitution (at the relevant articles and sections of the document), they were proposed as supplemental additions (codicils) to it. Articles Three through Twelve were ratified as additions to the Constitution on December 15, 1791, and became Amendments One through Ten of the Constitution. Article Two became part of the Constitution on May 5, 1992, as the Twenty-seventh Amendment. Article One is still pending before the states.
Although Madison's proposed amendments included a provision to extend the protection of some of the Bill of Rights to the states, the amendments that were finally submitted for ratification applied only to the federal government. The door for their application upon state governments was opened in the 1860s, following ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment. Since the early 20th century both federal and state courts have used the Fourteenth Amendment to apply portions of the Bill of Rights to state and local governments. The process is known as incorporation.
There are several original engrossed copies of the Bill of Rights still in existence. One of these is on permanent public display at the National Archives in Washington, D.C. | The United States Bill of Rights comprises the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution. Proposed following the often bitter 1787–88 debate over the ratification of the Constitution and written to address the objections raised by Anti-Federalists, the Bill of Rights amendments add to the Constitution specific guarantees of personal freedoms and rights, clear limitations on the government's power in judicial and other proceedings, and explicit declarations that all powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the Constitution are reserved to the states or the people. The concepts codified in these amendments are built upon those in earlier documents, especially the Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776), as well as the Northwest Ordinance (1787), the English Bill of Rights (1689), and the Magna Carta (1215). | null | null | null | 6632 |
null | classification | Classify the below as food or drinks.
Fish, Meat, Salad, Apple, Lemonade, Coffee, Tea | Food - Fish, Meat, Salad, Apple
Drinks - Lemonade, Coffee, Tea | null | null | null | 6633 |
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null | information_extraction | Extract all unique names from the provided paragraphs separated by comma. | Neville shows to Det. Delroy a recently shot love scene between Keefe and Elaine, willingly pointing out a spousicide-related detail which compromises the already delicate position of the young widower. In light of this new evidence, Delroy tells the director that he will arrest the young man very soon. Neville telephones Keefe to warn him, telling him to come to his house at a certain time. The director also calls Elaine to his home, where he attempts to recreate the night of Andrea's murder, this time using Elaine. Det. Vickers watches Elaine enter the director's house from the street, but he misses Keefe, who breaks in through a window. He disrupts the liaison by pulling plug fuses out of the breaker box, shutting off the lights. Detective Vickers notices the lights shut off from the street and unsuccessfully tries to break in. In the house, Neville attacks Keefe with a pair of scissors, and the two struggle. Keefe throws Neville over a balcony, and he lands in an indoor fountain below together with a light. Simultaneously, Elaine restores electricity to the house, unknowingly electrocuting Neville to death. | Neville, Delroy, Keefe, Elaine, Andrea, Vickers | null | null | null | 6634 |
null | general_qa | Why does the Earth revolve around the Sun? | The Earth revolves around the Sun due to gravity. The more mass an object has, the greater its gravitational pull on other objects. The most massive object in the solar system is the sun, which is actually one of the larger yellow dwarf stars in the universe. With a mass of 1.98892 x 10 to the 30th power kilograms, the sun has approximately 333,000 times more mass than Earth. Because the gravitational pull of the sun is so much more than the Earth's gravitational pull, the Earth is forced into an orbit around the sun. | null | null | null | 6635 |
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null | general_qa | What are some of the highest quality, full flavored cigars I can buy in the united states? | Due to the US embargo banning importation of products from Cuba in the mid 20th century, the storied Cuban cigar has not been able to be legally purchased by US consumers.With that said, there are numerous highly regarded cigar makers in countries like Nicargua, the Dominican Republic, and Honduras whose cigars rival the best Cuban cigars, many of them full flavored. Here are a few options to consider:
Arturo Fuente Opus X - this is a highly complex, highly sought after, full-flavored cigar from the Dominican Republic that retails for ~$25 for a single, making it an expensive choice for a regular cigar smoker. With that said, it is near the top of the list of favorites for most cigar aficianados.
Padron Serie 1926 - this is a creamy, chocolatey cigar from Nicaragua that retails for around $17, making it a slightly more affordable option, though still a premium selection. These are produced in higher volume than the Opus, which makes them easier to fine.
Ashton VSG - this is a Dominican cigar, with VSG standing for "Virgin Sun Grown." The flavor profile is very unique due to the sun grown wrapper. These are about $13 for a single at retail depending on size.
There are dozens of reputable cigar makers making thousands of cigars, but those above are longstanding staples of many avid cigar smokers in the US. | null | null | null | 6636 |
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null | general_qa | how to become fit | Getting fit is a journey than just a milestone. It starts with maintaining a positive attitude, healthy lifestyle comprising of good eating habits, good sleep cycle and an active lifestyle. If you are trying to get fit, start with making small life style changes like including walking, running, a sport, an exercise routine or any activity that you think is fun in your every day life. Apart from that eat healthy and get good sleep for your body & mind to rest and recover. Most importantly remember that there are no short cuts or a quick solution to getting fit. So start you journey today and enjoy yourself. | null | null | null | 6637 |
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null | general_qa | How do you check the weather on an iPhone? | Open the "Weather" app. Also, you can set a Weather widget on your home screen. To do this, long-press the home screen. | null | null | null | 6638 |
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null | summarization | Can you generate a 2 lines abstract of this text? | In physics, gravity (from Latin gravitas 'weight') is a fundamental interaction which causes mutual attraction between all things with mass or energy. Gravity is, by far, the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, approximately 1038 times weaker than the strong interaction, 1036 times weaker than the electromagnetic force and 1029 times weaker than the weak interaction. As a result, it has no significant influence at the level of subatomic particles. However, gravity is the most significant interaction between objects at the macroscopic scale, and it determines the motion of planets, stars, galaxies, and even light.
On Earth, gravity gives weight to physical objects, and the Moon's gravity is responsible for sublunar tides in the oceans (the corresponding antipodal tide is caused by the inertia of the Earth and Moon orbiting one another). Gravity also has many important biological functions, helping to guide the growth of plants through the process of gravitropism and influencing the circulation of fluids in multicellular organisms. Investigation into the effects of weightlessness has shown that gravity may play a role in immune system function and cell differentiation within the human body.
The gravitational attraction between the original gaseous matter in the universe allowed it to coalesce and form stars which eventually condensed into galaxies, so gravity is responsible for many of the large-scale structures in the universe. Gravity has an infinite range, although its effects become weaker as objects get farther away.
Gravity is most accurately described by the general theory of relativity (proposed by Albert Einstein in 1915), which describes gravity not as a force, but as the curvature of spacetime, caused by the uneven distribution of mass, and causing masses to move along geodesic lines. The most extreme example of this curvature of spacetime is a black hole, from which nothing—not even light—can escape once past the black hole's event horizon However, for most applications, gravity is well approximated by Newton's law of universal gravitation, which describes gravity as a force causing any two bodies to be attracted toward each other, with magnitude proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. | In general physics theory (Newton), Gravity is a mutual attraction between objects based on their respective masses and the square of the distance which separates them. In the relativity theory (Einstein), it's a curvature of the spacetime generated by the objects themselves. | null | null | null | 6639 |
null | general_qa | What birds can I find in San Francisco? | You can find many birds in San Francisco, especially in parks like Golden Gate Park and the Lands End. Some of the birds you might find include:
- American Crow
- Anna's Hummingbird
- Red-tailed Hawk
- Steller's Jay
- Chestnut-backed Chickadee
- Red-winged Blackbird
- Dark-eyed Junco
- Acorn Woodpecker
- House finch
- American Robin
- Song Sparrow | null | null | null | 6640 |
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null | general_qa | What is one of your favorite hobbies? | I'm an avid reader, especially of audiobooks. I read or listen to more than a book a week, and will dabble in a lot of different genres. I've recently been reading a lot of sci-fi and fantasy, but also enjoy a good biography, military history, sociological, or general work of fiction as long as they are well written. | null | null | null | 6641 |
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null | open_qa | What are some of the greatest rock bands of all time? | The Rolling Stones, The Beatles, and Led Zeppelin | null | null | null | 6642 |
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null | open_qa | Greta Thunberg is a Swedish Environmental activist has donated the Prize money of 1 million Euros for what cause? | Environment and climate change | null | null | null | 6643 |
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null | closed_qa | What does Korla stand for? | Korla, also known as Kurla or from Mandarin Chinese as Ku'erle or Kuerle, is the second largest city in Xinjiang. It is a county-level city and the seat of the Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, the largest prefecture of China.
Korla has existed since at least the Han Dynasty. Korla is known for its production of fragrant pears and is a production center for the Tarim oil fields. | Korla is the second largest city in Xinjiang, China. It is also known as Kurla or Kuerle. It is located in the Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture. It is known for fragrant pears and oil fields. | null | null | null | 6644 |
null | information_extraction | Tell me how many final fours purdue has been to and whether or not they have won any championships | The Purdue Boilermakers basketball team is a men's college basketball program that competes in NCAA Division I and is a member of the Big Ten Conference.
Purdue basketball holds the most Big Ten regular season championships, with 25. Purdue also holds a winning record against all other Big Ten schools in head-to-head match ups.
The Boilermakers have reached two NCAA Tournament Final Fours and one championship game, but have not won an NCAA Championship. The 1931–32 team was retroactively named a national champion by the Helms Athletic Foundation and the Premo-Porretta Power Poll.
Purdue has sent more than 30 players to the NBA, including two overall No. 1 picks in the NBA draft. Purdue has one main rivalry against the Indiana Hoosiers (see Indiana–Purdue Rivalry). | The Purdue Boilermakers men's basketball team has reached two NCAA Tournament Final Fours.
While they have not won any national championships, they were retroactively named a national champion in 1932. They have also won 25 Big Ten regular season championships. | null | null | null | 6645 |
null | closed_qa | What is Github Copilot? | GitHub Copilot is a cloud-based artificial intelligence tool developed by GitHub and OpenAI to assist users of Visual Studio Code, Visual Studio, Neovim, and JetBrains integrated development environments (IDEs) by autocompleting code. Currently available by subscription to individual developers, the tool was first announced by GitHub on 29 June 2021, and works best for users coding in Python, JavaScript, TypeScript, Ruby, and Go. | GitHub Copilot is a cloud-based artificial intelligence tool developed by GitHub and OpenAI | null | null | null | 6646 |
null | classification | Tell me which of these are science fiction movies and which are fantasy: Lord of the Rings, Star Trek, Princess Mononoke, the Wheel of Time, District 9 | From your list, the science fiction movies are Star Trek and District 9. The Fantasy movies are Lord of the Rings, Princess Mononoke, and the Wheel of Time. | null | null | null | 6647 |
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null | creative_writing | Does a difference in prediction outcomes between two ethnic/gender groups from a credit scoring algorithm constitute a bias in the data collection process or the algorithm itself? | I argue that differences in outcomes of credit scoring constitute both a data issue and an algorithmic bias. Let’s first examine the bias in the dataset. I think of the model itself as a black box that generates outputs to fulfill certain objectives – in the case of credit scoring, the objective is the accuracy, recall, and precision of default risk predictions. The model at its untrained version does not discriminate against foreign workers, women, or young people: in fact, it does not conceive of these (socially constructed) labels the way humans do. Yet, the dataset that the model is trained on is fraught with socially constructed biases. For example, social norms cast women as incapable, foreign workers as untrustworthy, and young people as inexperienced, leading to higher unemployment rate and worse living conditions for these groups. Their resulting higher historical default likelihood stems less likely from the demographics-related differences in capability than from the vicious cycles generated by social stereotypes. Stereotypes render datasets biased, which in turns bias the algorithms: given the goal to maximize prediction accuracy, the model learns the “patterns” in the dataset and absorbs the socially constructed differences as a part of its prediction algorithm. Can we blame the algorithm? – After all, the model is constrained to the “history” and has no imaginative capacity for the potential of the historically discriminated groups. Essentially we have a “garbage in, garbage out” scenario caused by the historical and representation biases in the data inputs.
On the other hand, I argue that the outcome differences still constitute an algorithmic bias. I believe that we could still “blame” the model for the objectives and constraints that it has to fulfill (even though we humans lay them down in the first place). As illustrated above, with accuracy as the evaluation metric, the entire prediction/forecast algorithm built on historical datasets is meant to repeat the history without looking for potential or discerning social norms. Does the objective of maximizing accuracy constitute a bias itself? – If we can discern the vicious cycle that is both created by and reifying the socially crafted myths (weak women, reckless youth, and xenophobia), a model that actively learns and propagates certain kinds of societal stereotype should certainly be called out for its bias! However, we hard-wire the models to optimize those goals, and to address the inherent bias in the metrics, we humans are responsible for modifying the objectives and adding appropriate constraints. For example, in the programming assignment we encounter the mitigation technique that rejects predictions within a certain decision boundary. Besides techniques like active rejection, can we add constraints such as promoting the growth of underprivileged groups as an objective? Without these constraints, I would say the outcome differences also constitute an algorithmic bias in the part of objective specification. | null | null | null | 6648 |
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null | open_qa | What did Special Agent Fox Mulder study when he was in university? | Fox Mulder, a main character on the TV show "The X-Files," studied at Oxford University and majored in psychology. | null | null | null | 6649 |
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null | general_qa | Why do gas prices go high in winter | Prices in a market economy are driven by Supply and demand. Gas prices typically increase in a market economy in a winter because of increase in demand. Demand increases because people use gas to warm homes and cold weather further increases demand for gas. All this increase in demand means gas prices increase. It is not required that gas prices always increase. | null | null | null | 6650 |
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null | general_qa | Why democracy doesn't works and in old times we had autocracy? | Corruption, polarization, and misinformation all have the potential to easily influence democracy, which is a complicated system with many moving parts. It additionally will in general be sluggish and wasteful because of the requirement for agreement building and split the difference among various groups.
On the other hand, because there is no need to engage in a prolonged decision-making process or accommodate divergent viewpoints, autocracy can be more effective and decisive in implementing policies. Singapore, where the government has been able to achieve rapid economic growth and development through strong and centralized leadership, is a good case for autocracy. The nation has an exclusive expectation of living, low degrees of wrongdoing, and a well-working public framework. | null | null | null | 6651 |
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null | information_extraction | Which NBA team has won the most championships? | As of 2022, the Eastern Conference/Division led the Western Conference/Division 40–36 in championships won. As of 2022, the Boston Celtics and the Minneapolis/Los Angeles Lakers have won a combined total of 34 NBA championships (with 17 apiece). As of 2022, the defending champions are the Golden State Warriors. | As of 2022, the Boston Celtics and the Minneapolis/Los Angeles Lakers have won a combined total of 34 NBA championships (with 17 apiece). | null | null | null | 6652 |
null | creative_writing | Can you write me a haiku to boost my spirits today? | Sunlight streaming through,
Lightning in the sky,
My spirits lift. | null | null | null | 6653 |
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null | classification | Tell me which of these is a Country, a City, a River, or a Mountain: New York, Nile, Amazon, Kilimanjaro, USA, Spain, Italy, Rome, Prague, Zurich, France, San Francisco, K2, Buenos Aires, Brazil, Mount Everest, London, Mekong | New York - City
Nile - River
Amazon - River
Kilimanjaro - Mountain
USA - Country
Spain - Country
Italy - Country
Rome - City
Prague - City
Zurich - City
France - Country
San Francisco - City
K2 - Mountain
Buenos Aires - City
Brazil - Country
Mount Everest - Mountain
London - City
Mekong - River | null | null | null | 6654 |
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null | information_extraction | What are the first and third eras of aircraft history mentioned in the text below and when did they end? Use a bullet list and the format {Name} ({Year}). | Flying model craft and stories of manned flight go back many centuries; however, the first manned ascent — and safe descent — in modern times took place by larger hot-air balloons developed in the 18th century. Each of the two World Wars led to great technical advances. Consequently, the history of aircraft can be divided into five eras:
- Pioneers of flight, from the earliest experiments to 1914.
- First World War, 1914 to 1918.
- Aviation between the World Wars, 1918 to 1939.
- Second World War, 1939 to 1945.
- Postwar era, also called the Jet Age, 1945 to the present day. | - Pioneers of flight (1914)
- Aviation between the World Wars (1939) | null | null | null | 6655 |
null | closed_qa | Given this paragraph, what is the size in acres of Walt Disney World? | The Walt Disney World Resort, also called Walt Disney World or Disney World, is an entertainment resort complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, United States, near the cities of Orlando and Kissimmee. Opened on October 1, 1971, the resort is operated by Disney Parks, Experiences and Products, a division of The Walt Disney Company. The property covers nearly 25,000 acres (39 sq mi; 101 km2), of which half has been used. The resort comprises four theme parks (Magic Kingdom, Epcot, Disney's Hollywood Studios, and Disney's Animal Kingdom), two water parks (Disney's Blizzard Beach and Disney's Typhoon Lagoon), 31 themed resort hotels, nine non-Disney hotels, several golf courses, a camping resort, and other entertainment venues, including the outdoor shopping center Disney Springs. On October 1, 2021, Walt Disney World started its celebration of its 50-year anniversary which lasted for 18 consecutive months ending on March 31, 2023. | According to this text, Walt Disney World is 12,500 acres and sits on 25,000 acres of property owned by the company. | null | null | null | 6656 |
null | general_qa | Does using microwave oven cause cancer? | No, it is a myth with no scientific validation to this hypothesis. Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation which only heats the water molecules inside your food. As the water heats up the food heats up. Microwave ovens has been in use safely for more than 70 years | null | null | null | 6657 |
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null | classification | Classify the following colors as primary or not primary: Red, blue, violet, white, black, green, yellow, orange | The primary colors are red, blue and green. The non-primary colors are violet, white, black, yellow and orange. | null | null | null | 6658 |
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null | information_extraction | Who was Yoshikazu Shirakawa? | Yoshikazu Shirakawa was a Japanese photographer. He is particularly well known for his book Himalayas, published by Harry N. Abrams in 1971. | Yoshikazu Shirakawa was a Japanese photographer. | null | null | null | 6659 |
null | closed_qa | Given this paragraph about hickory wood, tell me what sporting equipment it might be used for. | Hickory wood is hard, stiff, dense and shock resistant. There are woods stronger than hickory and woods that are harder, but the combination of strength, toughness, hardness, and stiffness found in hickory wood is not found in any other commercial wood. It is used for tool handles, pickaxe handles, bows, wheel spokes, carts, drumsticks, lacrosse stick handles, golf club shafts (sometimes still called hickory stick, even though made of steel or graphite), the bottoms of skis, walking sticks, and for punitive use as a switch (like hazel), and especially as a cane-like hickory stick in schools and use by parents. Paddles are often made from hickory. This property of hickory wood has left a trace in some Native American languages: in Ojibwe, hickory is called mitigwaabaak, a compound of mitigwaab "bow" and the final -aakw "hardwood tree". Due to its grain structure, hickory is more susceptible to moisture absorption than other species of wood, and is therefore more prone to shrinkage, warping or swelling with changes in humidity. | Hickory wood may be used to make lacrosse stick handles, golf club shafts, and the bottom of skis. | null | null | null | 6660 |
null | closed_qa | Based on this paragraph about Massimo Bray, what language do you think he writes in? | Massimo Bray is an academic publisher and a magazine editor. He was on the editorial board of the Italian Institute of Human Sciences until 1994. He is the cofounder of Notte della Taranta, which is among the most popular music festivals in Europe. He launched a blog on the Italian-language version of the Huffington Post. | Massimo Bray likely writes in Italian. | null | null | null | 6661 |
null | open_qa | What state is known as the Lone Star State? | Texas. | null | null | null | 6662 |
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null | classification | Identify which animal is domesticated or wild: Chicken, Mandarin duck, Egyptian goose | Chicken is domesticated, Mandarin duck and Egyptian goose are wild | null | null | null | 6663 |
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null | open_qa | What is the best hand in Texas Hold'em poker? | The best hand in Texas Hold'em poker is a royal flush. A royal flush is a hand that consists of the following cards all in the same suit: 10, jack, queen, king, ace. | null | null | null | 6664 |
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null | classification | Tell me if the following foods would be safe or unsafe for someone with a nut allergy to eat? Peanut butter, eggs, apples, pb&j, carrots, pad thai | Peanut butter: unsafe, eggs: safe, apples: safe, pb&j: unsafe, carrots: safe, pad thai: unsafe | null | null | null | 6665 |
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null | information_extraction | Name the states of Northeast India. | Northeast India (officially the North Eastern Region (NER)) is the easternmost region of India representing both a geographic and political administrative division of the country. It comprises eight states—Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura (commonly known as the "Seven Sisters"), and the "brother" state Sikkim.
The region shares an international border of 5,182 kilometres (3,220 mi) (about 99 percent of its total geographical boundary) with several neighbouring countries – 1,395 kilometres (867 mi) with Tibet in the north, 1,640 kilometres (1,020 mi) with Myanmar in the east, 1,596 kilometres (992 mi) with Bangladesh in the south-west, 97 kilometres (60 mi) with Nepal in the west, and 455 kilometres (283 mi) with Bhutan in the north-west. It comprises an area of 262,230 square kilometres (101,250 sq mi), almost 8 percent of that of India. The Siliguri Corridor connects the region to the rest of mainland India.
The states of North Eastern Region are officially recognised under the North Eastern Council (NEC), constituted in 1971 as the acting agency for the development of the north eastern states. Long after induction of NEC, Sikkim formed part of the North Eastern Region as the eighth state in 2002. India's Look-East connectivity projects connect Northeast India to East Asia and ASEAN. Guwahati city in Assam is called the Gateway to the North East and is the largest metropolis in North East India. | Northeast India comprises eight states—Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura, and Sikkim. | null | null | null | 6666 |
null | general_qa | Who is the founder of SpaceX? | SpaceX, also known as Space Exploration Technologies Corporation, was founded by Elon Musk in 2003 in Segundo California. | null | null | null | 6667 |
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null | open_qa | Who is the all time leading goal scorer for Manchester United? | The all time leading goal scorer for Manchester United is Wayne Rooney. | null | null | null | 6668 |
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null | summarization | where is India | India, officially the Republic of India is a country in South Asia. | null | null | null | 6669 |
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null | general_qa | What is Categorization and Sentiment Analysis | Categorization and Sentiment Analysis is typically referred in the Customer Experience space where customer interaction data is analyzed to get insights into categories of topics and sentiment associated with those interactions. Some of the use cases that benefit from these insights include Customer Representative/Agent Performance and Training, Workload Management, Product Performance et al | null | null | null | 6670 |
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null | classification | When playing golf, categorize each of the following items as "useful" or "useless": Irons, putter, dumbbell, tees, skis, range finder, jeans, kayak. | Irons: Useful
Putter: Useful
Dumbbell: Useless
Tees: Useful
Skis: Useless
Range Finder: Useful
Jeans: Useless
Kayak: Useless | null | null | null | 6671 |
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null | open_qa | The Global Climate Emergency report is based on scientific analysis of more than how many years? | 40 years and the report is call "world scientists" submitted by a group of 11258 scientists | null | null | null | 6672 |
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null | open_qa | What is the difference between pork roll and taylor ham | Pork roll and taylor ham are both a processed breakfast meat popular primarily in New Jersey. The primary difference between the two is the geographic location of the person talking about it. They are the same meat, but people from Northern New Jersey call it Taylor Ham. If a person is from Southern or Central New Jersey they will call it Pork roll. Either way it is the same breakfast meat | null | null | null | 6673 |
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null | summarization | Summarize: | Unanimous is a United Kingdom-based game show broadcast on Channel 4 from 27 October 2006 to 15 December 2006. It was based on an American game show titled Unan1mous.
Unanimous: The Fallout, was shown on E4 later at night after Unanimous. It was hosted by comedians Paddy McGuinness and Olivia Lee and featured regular guest Karl Daly, played by Tom Bennett.
The 'Host' of the show was Alex Humes. Although fairly unknown, Humes starred in the reality TV programme Space Cadets, also for Channel 4, where he played one of the Russian pilots. The voice-over for the programme was provided by Phil Gallagher. | Unanimous is a United Kingdom-based game show broadcast on Channel 4 from 27 October 2006 to 15 December 2006 . It was based on an American game show titled Unan1mous . The 'Host' of the show was Alex Humes . The voice-over for the programme was provided by Phil Gallagher . | null | null | null | 6674 |
null | open_qa | Which tastes better, red or green grapes? | Taste. The infamous grocery store dispute often stems from the taste. The superior grape stems from personal preference. Red grapes are often considered sweeter whereas green grapes are sourer | null | null | null | 6675 |
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null | open_qa | Samuel Tilden, Grover Cleveland, Al Gore, and Hillary Clinton share what distinction among U.S. presidential candidates? | They won the popular vote but lost the electoral college vote | null | null | null | 6676 |
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null | general_qa | What is a snook? | A snook is an inshore fish species. They cannot be commercially fished. If you want to eat a snook, you will need to catch it yourself. Snook catch limits are highly regulated by Florida fish and wildlife. | null | null | null | 6677 |
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null | information_extraction | Add additional details about what chess is to the following text: | Isidore Censer was a Belgian chess player. | Isidore Censer was a Belgian chess player. Chess is a board game for two players, called White and Black, each controlling an army of chess pieces in their color, with the objective to checkmate the opponent's king. | null | null | null | 6678 |
null | open_qa | What does a funambulist walk on? | A Tight Rope | null | null | null | 6679 |
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null | open_qa | What are the three highest peaks in the UK? | Ben Nevis, Scafell Pike, and Snowdon are the highest mountains in Scotland, England, and Wales. | null | null | null | 6680 |
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null | brainstorming | Make a list, using dot points, of the five foods I might find in the dairy section of a supermarket | You will likely find the following items in the dairy section at a supermarket:
- milk
- cheese
- yoghurt
- cream
- eggs | null | null | null | 6681 |
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null | closed_qa | Given this paragraph about the prehistory of Sri Lanka, what are the evidence for prehistoric human colonization in Sri Lanka? | Evidence of human colonization in Sri Lanka appears at the site of Balangoda. Balangoda Man arrived on the island about 125,000 years ago and has been identified as Mesolithic hunter-gatherers who lived in caves. Several of these caves, including the well-known Batadombalena and the Fa Hien Cave, have yielded many artifacts from these people, who are currently the first known inhabitants of the island.
Balangoda Man probably created Horton Plains, in the central hills, by burning the trees in order to catch game. However, the discovery of oats and barley on the plains at about 15,000 BCE suggests that agriculture had already developed at this early date.
Several minute granite tools (about 4 centimetres in length), earthenware, remnants of charred timber, and clay burial pots date to the Mesolithic. Human remains dating to 6000 BCE have been discovered during recent excavations around a cave at Warana Raja Maha Vihara and in the Kalatuwawa area. | The oldest prehistoric evidence of human colonization in Sri Lanka goes back to about 125,000 years to a man named Balangoda Man. He was a Mesolithic hunter-gatherer who lived in caves. Furthermore, human remains dating back to 6000 BCE have also been found in several cites in the country. | null | null | null | 6682 |
null | classification | Which of these words are homonyms (words that have two meanings): cleave, cotton, red, hungry | yes, yes, no, no | null | null | null | 6683 |
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null | closed_qa | What was Jiang's previous position before becoming the president of China? | Jiang Zemin (17 August 1926 – 30 November 2022) was a Chinese politician who served as general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1989 to 2002, as chairman of the Central Military Commission from 1989 to 2004, and as president of China from 1993 to 2003. Jiang was paramount leader of China from 1989 to 2002. He was the core leader of the third generation of Chinese leadership, one of four core leaders alongside Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Xi Jinping.
Born in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, Jiang joined the CCP while he was in college. After the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, he received training at the Stalin Automobile Works in Moscow in the 1950s, later returning to Shanghai in 1962 to serve in various institutes, later being sent between 1970-1972 to Romania as part of an expert team to establish machinery manufacturing plants in the country. After 1979, he was appointed as the vice chair of two commissions by vice premier Gu Mu to oversee the newly-established special economic zones (SEZs). He became the vice minister of the newly-established Ministry of Electronics Industry and a member of the CCP Central Committee in 1982.
Jiang was appointed as the mayor of Shanghai in 1985, later being promoted to its Communist Party secretary, as well as a member of the CCP Politburo, in 1987. Jiang came to power unexpectedly as a compromise candidate following the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre, when he replaced Zhao Ziyang as CCP general secretary after Zhao was ousted for his support for the student movement. As the involvement of the "Eight Elders" in Chinese politics steadily declined, Jiang consolidated his hold on power to become the "paramount leader" in the country during the 1990s. Urged by Deng Xiaoping's southern tour in 1992, Jiang officially introduced the term "socialist market economy" in his speech during the 14th CCP National Congress held later that year, which accelerated "opening up and reform".
Under Jiang's leadership, China experienced substantial economic growth with the continuation of market reforms. The returning of Hong Kong from the United Kingdom in 1997 and of Macau from Portugal in 1999, and entry into the World Trade Organisation in 2001, were landmark moments of his era. China also witnessed improved relations with the outside world, while the Communist Party maintained its tight control over the state. Jiang faced criticism over human rights abuses, including the crackdown on the Falun Gong movement. His contributions to party doctrine, known as the "Three Represents", were written into the CCP constitution in 2002. Jiang gradually vacated his official leadership titles from 2002 to 2005, being succeeded in these roles by Hu Jintao, although he and his political faction continued to influence affairs until much later. On 30 November 2022, Jiang died from leukemia and multiple organ failure in Shanghai. | He was the mayor of Shanghai and then became Communist Party secretary | null | null | null | 6684 |
null | information_extraction | From the passage provided, extract the diameter of eukaryotic ribosomes. | Prokaryotic ribosomes are around 20 nm (200 Å) in diameter and are composed of 65% rRNA and 35% ribosomal proteins. Eukaryotic ribosomes are between 25 and 30 nm (250–300 Å) in diameter with an rRNA-to-protein ratio that is close to 1. Crystallographic work has shown that there are no ribosomal proteins close to the reaction site for polypeptide synthesis. This suggests that the protein components of ribosomes do not directly participate in peptide bond formation catalysis, but rather that these proteins act as a scaffold that may enhance the ability of rRNA to synthesize protein (See: Ribozyme). | Eukaryotic ribosomes are between 25 and 30 nm (250–300 Å) in diameter. | null | null | null | 6685 |
null | brainstorming | What are the different methods to open a pomegranate? | 1 - Vertical cutting: roll the pomegranate over the surface of the cutting board to loosen the seeds; position it in the middle; cut the top (flower) and pop it off; slice it in half vertically along the ridges; cut each of the ridges to create 5 slices and then tear it apart to remove the seeds.
2 - Submerging it in water to remove the seeds: fill a large bowl with cool water; make a shallow cut down the side and use your thumbs to tear it into 2 halves then place them in the water and use your fingers to nudge the seeds free and finally strain the seeds into a bowl.
3 - Removing seeds with a wooden spoon: make a shallow horizontal slice in the middle and tear it into 2 halves; for each half place it seeds side down over a bowl and hit the skin with a wooden spoon for seeds to fall out. | null | null | null | 6686 |
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null | brainstorming | What are some common proteins in tacos? | Tacos can be filled with many types of proteins, such as chicken, ground meat, carnitas (shredded pork), carne asada (steak), fish, shrimp, tofu, black beans, refried beans, or lentils. | null | null | null | 6687 |
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null | brainstorming | How can I spend more time with my dog? | You can play fetch.
Go on hikes with your dog.
You can train them.
Hide the treats and use snuggle mat to keep their brain and nose activity high.
You can go for leisurely long walks.
Go on a trip with them.
All these would make you spend more time with your pet and care for them and it will improve the bonding. | null | null | null | 6688 |
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null | general_qa | Why do you get dental erosion? | Dental erosion is caused by dietary factors , physical factors and indigestion and reflux disease. Dietary acids include carbonated drinks, acidic fruits and juices and sweets. Teeth should not be brushed straight after eating , you should wait 30 minutes after eating before brushing. | null | null | null | 6689 |
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null | information_extraction | What state was Margaret Hall from? | Margaret Hall (1876 – 1963) was a volunteer for the American Red Cross during World War I and a photographer who captured images of the conflict. Margaret Hall was a native of Newton, Massachusetts. She was from an affluent family and later inherited and ran her father's woolen mill. In 1899, she graduated from Bryn Mawr College with a degree in history and political science. She was a suffragist who marched in the 1913 Woman Suffrage Procession and also participated in the 1913 Ladies Garment Strike. | Margaret Hall was from Massachusetts. | null | null | null | 6690 |
null | summarization | What is hot pot? | Hot pot or hotpot (simplified Chinese: 火锅; traditional Chinese: 火鍋; pinyin: huǒguō; lit. 'fire pot'), also known as soup-food or steamboat, is a dish whereby a heat source placed on the dining table keeps a pot of soup stock simmering, and a variety of Chinese foodstuffs and ingredients are served beside the pot for the diners to put into the hot stock. | Hot pot is a traditional Chinese dish that you put all kinds of food such as sliced beef/lamp, seafood, vegetables, meatballs into a boiled seasoned soup until they are fully cooked | null | null | null | 6691 |
null | creative_writing | What are the best day trips near San Francisco? | The San Francisco Bay Area has a number of amazing day trips offering a variety of options. The wine country is less than an hour away. Santa Cruz, Monterey & Big Sur are all great escapes to the coastline. If you are interested in a spa experience Calistoga is full of options. | null | null | null | 6692 |
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null | classification | Which is a species of fish? Sleeper or Snoozer | Sleeper | null | null | null | 6693 |
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null | closed_qa | Which fictional LAPD detective is Titus Welliver known for playing? | Detective Hieronymus "Harry" Bosch is a fictional character created by American author Michael Connelly. Bosch debuted as the lead character in the 1992 novel The Black Echo, the first in a best-selling police procedural series now numbering 24 novels.
The novels are more or less coincident in timeframe with the year in which they were published. Harry, as he is commonly known by his associates, is a veteran police homicide detective with the Los Angeles Police Department. He was named after the 15th-century Dutch artist Hieronymus Bosch.
Titus Welliver portrayed the title character from 2015 to 2021 in Bosch, a television series adapted from the novels, and from 2022 in its spin-off series Bosch: Legacy. | Titus Welliver played Harry Bosch in the TV series Bosch and also in spin off Bosch:Legacy. | null | null | null | 6694 |
null | classification | Classify the below companies on whether they belong to India or Taiwan -
HDFC Bank, Infosys, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Pegatron | HDFC Bank, Infosys - India
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Pegatron - Taiwan | null | null | null | 6695 |
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null | brainstorming | Give me 5 ways to relax for an hour ? | Here are a few suggestions
1. Go for a walk outside
2. Catch up on sleep
3. Read a book
4. Watch Netflix
5. Call a friend | null | null | null | 6696 |
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null | information_extraction | What is the first letter of every sentence, separated by commas? | YouTube has been led by a CEO since its founding in 2005, and has retained this leadership model even after its acquisition by Google. The current CEO is Neal Mohan, who was appointed on February 16, 2023. | Y,T | null | null | null | 6697 |
null | open_qa | What's the best BBQ place in Austin | Texas BBQ is one of the most famous and popular food choices for both visitors and locals. The Franklin BBQ in Austin gets the highest hypes all these years after former President Obama's visit. Its long waiting line has not pushed foodies and pilgrims away. Other popular but less crowded places includes Terry & Blacks BBQ, County Line, and Rudy's BBQ. | null | null | null | 6698 |
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null | summarization | is Aadhaar a proof of residence or of citizenship? | Aadhaar is a 12-digit unique identity number that can be obtained voluntarily by the citizens of India and resident foreign nationals who have spent over 182 days in twelve months immediately preceding the date of application for enrolment, based on their biometric and demographic data. The data is collected by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), a statutory authority established in January 2009 by the Government of India, under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, following the provisions of the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016.
Aadhaar is the world's largest biometric ID system. World Bank Chief Economist Paul Romer described Aadhaar as "the most sophisticated ID programme in the world". Considered a proof of residence and not a proof of citizenship, Aadhaar does not itself grant any rights to domicile in India. In June 2017, the Home Ministry clarified that Aadhaar is not a valid identification document for Indians travelling to Nepal and Bhutan.
Prior to the enactment of the Act, the UIDAI had functioned, since 28 January 2009, as an attached office of the Planning Commission (now NITI Aayog). On 3 March 2016, a money bill was introduced in the Parliament to give legislative backing to Aadhaar. On 11 March 2016, the Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016, was passed in the Lok Sabha. | Considered a proof of residence and not a proof of citizenship, Aadhaar does not itself grant any rights to domicile in India. | null | null | null | 6699 |
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