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Yeah.
QMSum_135
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But , uh but I but but I don't know that you need to
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Open wide !
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but I don't need you know if you need to get rid of it. I mean that 'd that 'd be nice but I don't know if it 's ess if it 's essential. Um , I mean cuz I think the main thing is that , uh , you 're trying
QMSum_135
false
Uh - huh.
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false
wha what are you doing this for ? You 're trying distinguish between the case where there is , uh where where there are more than uh , where there 's more than one speaker and the case where there 's only one speaker.
QMSum_135
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Sorry.
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So if there 's more than one speaker , um yeah I guess you could I guess yeah you 're so you 're not distinguished between voiced and unvoiced , so so , i if you don't if you don't care about that
QMSum_135
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Yeah.
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See , if you also wanna just determine if you also wanna determine whether it 's unvoiced , then I think you want to look look at high frequencies also , because the f the fact that there 's more energy in the high frequencies is gonna be an ob sort of obvious cue that it 's unvoiced.
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false
Yeah.
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false
But , i i uh I mean i i but , um , other than that I guess as far as the one person versus two persons , it would be primarily a low frequency phenomenon. And if you looked at the low frequencies , yes the higher frequencies are gonna there 's gonna be a spectral slope. The higher frequencies will be lower energy. But so what. I mean that 's that 's w
QMSum_135
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I will prepare for the next week eh , all my results about the harmonicity and will will try to come in and to discuss here , because , eh , I haven't enough feeling to to u many time to to understand what happened with the with , eh , so many peaks , eh , eh , and I I see the harmonics there many time but , eh , there are a lot of peaks , eh , that , eh , they are not harmonics.
QMSum_135
false
Yeah.
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Um , I have to discover what what is the the w the best way to to to c to use them
QMSum_135
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Well , but yeah I don't think you can I mean you 're not gonna be able to look at every frame , so I mean I I mean I I really I I really thought that the best way to do it , and I 'm speaking with no experience on this particular point , but , my impression was that the best way to do it was however you You 've used instantaneous frequency , whatever. However you 've come up you with your candidates , you wanna see how much of the energy is in that
QMSum_135
false
Yeah. Yeah.
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as coppo as opposed to all of the all the total energy. And , um , if it 's voiced , I guess so so y I think maybe you do need a voiced - unvoiced determination too. But if it 's voiced ,
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Yeah.
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um , and the , uh e the fraction of the energy that 's in the harmonic sequence that you 're looking at is relatively low , then it should be then it 's more likely to be an overlap.
QMSum_135
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Is height. Yeah. This this is the idea the idea I I I had to to compare the the ratio of the the energy of the harmonics with the eh , with the , eh , total energy in the spectrum and try to get a ratio to to distinguish between overlapping and speech. Mmm.
QMSum_135
false
But you 're looking a y you 're looking at Let 's take a second with this. Uh , uh , you 're looking at f at the phase derivative , um , in in , uh , what domain ? I mean this is this is in in in in bands ? Or or
QMSum_135
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No , no , no.
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Just just overall
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It 's a it 's a o i w the band the band is , eh , from zero to to four kilohertz. And I I ot I
QMSum_135
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And you just take the instantaneous frequency ?
QMSum_135
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Yeah. I u m t I I used two m two method two methods. Eh , one , eh , based on the F eh , FTT. to FFT to to obtain the or to study the harmonics from from the spectrum directly ,
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Yeah.
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and to study the energy and the multiples of
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Yeah.
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frequency. And another another algorithm I have is the in the instantaneous frequency , based on on on the FFT to to to calculate the the phase derivate in the time. Eh , uh n the d I mean I I have two two algorithms.
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Right.
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But , eh , in m i in my opinion the the the instantaneous frequency , the the the behavior , eh , was th it was very interesting. Because I I saw eh , how the spectrum concentrate , eh ,
QMSum_135
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Oh !
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around the the harmonic. But then when I apply the the rule , eh , of the in the the instantaneous frequency of the ne of the continuous filter in the the near filter , the the rule that , eh , people propose in the paper doesn't work. And I don't know why.
QMSum_135
false
But the instantaneous frequency , wouldn't that give you something more like the central frequency of the you know , of the where most of the energy is ? I mean , I think if you Does i does it Why would it correspond to pitch ?
QMSum_135
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Yeah. I I I not sure. I I I try to to
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Yeah.
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When first I I calculate , eh , using the FFT ,
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Di - digital camera.
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the the
QMSum_135
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Keep forgetting.
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I get the the spectrum ,
QMSum_135
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Yeah.
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and I represent all the frequency.
QMSum_135
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Yeah.
QMSum_135
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And when ou I obtained the instantaneous frequency. And I change the the the @ @ , using the instantaneous frequency , here.
QMSum_135
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Oh , so you scale you s you do a a scaling along that axis according to instantaneous
QMSum_135
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I use Yeah.
QMSum_135
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It 's a kinda normalization.
QMSum_135
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Yeah. Yeah. Because when when
QMSum_135
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OK.
QMSum_135
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eh , when i I I use these these frequency , eh , the range is different , and the resolution is different.
QMSum_135
false
Yeah.
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And I observe more more or less , thing like this. And the paper said that , eh , these frequencies are probably , eh , harmonics.
QMSum_135
false
I see. Huh.
QMSum_135
false
But , eh , they used , eh , a rule , eh , based in the in the because to to calculate the instantaneous frequency , they use a Hanning window.
QMSum_135
false
Yeah.
QMSum_135
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And , they said that , eh , if these peak are , eh , harmonics , the f instantaneous frequency , of the contiguous , eh w eh eh , filters are very near , or have to be very near. But , eh , phh ! I don't I I I I don I I and I don't know what is the what is the distance. And I tried to to put different distance , eh , to put difference , eh eh , length of the window , eh , different front sieve , Pfff ! and I I not sure what happened.
QMSum_135
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OK , yeah well I I guess I 'm not following it enough. I 'll probably gonna hafta look at the paper , but which I 'm not gonna have time to do in the next few days , but but I 'm I 'm curious about it.
QMSum_135
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Yeah.
QMSum_135
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Um , uh , OK.
QMSum_135
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I I did i it did occur to me that this is uh , the return to the transcription , that there 's one third thing I wanted to to ex raise as a to as an issue which is , um , how to handle breaths. So , I wanted to raise the question of whether people in speech recognition want to know where the breaths are. And the reason I ask the question is , um , aside from the fact that they 're obviously very time - consuming to encode , uh , the fact that there was some I had the indication from Dan Ellis in the email that I sent to you ,
QMSum_135
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Yeah.
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and you know about , that in principle we might be able to , um , handle breaths by accessi by using cross - talk from the other things , be able that in principle , maybe we could get rid of them , so maybe And I was I I don't know , I mean we had this an and I didn't couldn't get back to you ,
QMSum_135
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Yeah.
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but the question of whether it 'd be possible to eliminate them from the audio signal , which would be the ideal situation ,
QMSum_135
false
I don't know think it 'd be ideal.
QMSum_135
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cuz
QMSum_135
false
Uh - uh.
QMSum_135
false
We - See , we 're we 're dealing with real speech and we 're trying to have it be as real as possible
QMSum_135
false
Yeah.
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and breaths are part of real speech.
QMSum_135
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Well , except that these are really truly I mean , ther there 's a segment in o the one I did n the first one that I did for i for this ,
QMSum_135
false
Yeah.
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where truly w we 're hearing you breathing like as if we 're you 're in our ear , you know , and it 's like it 's like
QMSum_135
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Yeah.
QMSum_135
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I y i I mean , breath is natural , but not
QMSum_135
false
It is but it is if you record it.
QMSum_135
false
Yeah.
QMSum_135
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Except that we 're we 're trying to mimic Oh , I see what you 're saying. You 're saying that the PDA application would have uh , have to cope with breath.
QMSum_135
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Yeah.
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Well
QMSum_135
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No.
QMSum_135
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But
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An - any application may have to.
QMSum_135
false
The P D A might not have to ,
QMSum_135
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No i
QMSum_135
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but more people than just PDA users are interested in this corpus.
QMSum_135
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Yeah.
QMSum_135
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So so mean you 're right
QMSum_135
false
OK , then the then I have two questions.
QMSum_135
false
we could remove it ,
QMSum_135
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Yeah ?
QMSum_135
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but I I think we don't wanna w remove it from the corpus , in terms of delivering it because the people will want it in there.
QMSum_135
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Yeah. If it gets
QMSum_135
false
OK , so maybe the question is notating it. Yeah ?
QMSum_135
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Yeah i Right. If if it gets in the way of what somebody is doing with it then you might wanna have some method which will allow you to block it , but you it 's real data. You don't wanna b but you don't
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false
OK , well
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If s you know , if there 's a little bit of noise out there , and somebody is is talking about something they 're doing , that 's part of what we accept as part of a real meeting , even And we have the f uh the uh the the fan and the in the projector up there , and , uh , this is it 's this is actual stuff that we we wanna work with.
QMSum_135