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Examining the Scriptures—2017
2016 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/examining-the-scriptures/examining-the-scriptures-2017 | May
Monday, May 1
They . . . [were] amazed at the gracious words coming out of his mouth.—Luke 4:22.
We can imitate Jesus’ gracious speech by being kind, courteous, and considerate of others’ feelings. Seeing the effort a crowd made to hear him speak, Jesus was moved with pity and “started to teach them many things.” (Mark 6:34) Even when he was being insulted, Jesus did not resort to harsh speech. (1 Pet. 2:23) Speaking with mildness and tact can be a challenge when our listener is someone whom we know very well. We might feel at liberty to be very frank. That can be true whether we speak with a family member or a close friend in the congregation. Did Jesus feel that his close relationship with his disciples granted him liberty to speak harshly to them? Not at all! When his closest followers continued to argue over who was greater, Jesus corrected them with kind words and an illustration of a young child. (Mark 9:33-37) Elders can imitate Jesus’ example by giving counsel “in a spirit of mildness.”—Gal. 6:1. w15 12/15 3:15, 16
Tuesday, May 2
Let your brotherly love continue.—Heb. 13:1.
Why is it vital that we let our brotherly love continue? The simple answer is that Jehovah requires us to show brotherly love to one another. We cannot claim to love God and at the same time refuse to love our brothers. (1 John 4:7, 20, 21) Additionally, we need one another. This is especially true in times of trouble. Paul knew that some of the Hebrew Christians to whom he was writing would soon need to leave their homes and material possessions. Jesus had described how difficult that time would be. (Mark 13:14-18; Luke 21:21-23) So more than ever before, those Christians needed to strengthen their affection for one another. (Rom. 12:9) Soon the destructive winds of the greatest tribulation of all time will be released. (Mark 13:19; Rev. 7:1-3) It is not enough for us just to meet together regularly. Paul reminded the Hebrew Christians that they should use such occasions to incite one another “to love and fine works.”—Heb. 10:24, 25. w16.01 1:6-8
Wednesday, May 3
They all became filled with holy spirit.—Acts 2:4.
The year was 33 C.E., and it was the day of Pentecost. In an upper room in Jerusalem, a group of about 120 Christians were gathered together, “persisting in prayer.” (Acts 1:13-15) What was about to happen to them fulfilled a prophecy uttered by the prophet Joel. (Joel 2:28-32; Acts 2:16-21) God’s holy spirit was poured out on that group of Christians who were gathered in the upper room. (Acts 1:8) They started to prophesy, or bear witness, concerning the wonderful things they had seen and heard. To a multitude that soon gathered, the apostle Peter explained the significance of what had happened. Then he told his audience: “Repent, and let each one of you be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ for forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the free gift of the holy spirit.” Altogether about 3,000 accepted the invitation that day, were baptized, and received the promised holy spirit.—Acts 2:37, 38, 41. w16.01 3:1-3
Thursday, May 4
Whoever eats the loaf or drinks the cup of the Lord unworthily will be guilty respecting the body and the blood of the Lord.—1 Cor. 11:27.
What point is the apostle Paul here making? An anointed Christian would partake unworthily if he did not maintain a good relationship with Jehovah. (Heb. 6:4-6; 10:26-29) Such a warning helps anointed Christians to remember that they have not yet taken hold of the reward. They need to continue to press on “toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of God by means of Christ Jesus.” (Phil. 3:13-16) Under inspiration, Paul appealed to anointed Christians “to walk worthily of the calling with which [they] were called.” How should this be done? Paul goes on to say “with all humility and mildness, with patience, putting up with one another in love, earnestly endeavoring to maintain the oneness of the spirit in the uniting bond of peace.” (Eph. 4:1-3) Jehovah’s spirit promotes humility, not pride.—Col. 3:12. w16.01 4:5, 6
Friday, May 5
God put Abraham to the test.—Gen. 22:1.
Picture an elderly man trudging up a mountainside. He is making what must be the hardest journey of his life. It is not his age that makes this trek so daunting. Abraham may be about 125 years old, but he is still vigorous. Following him is a younger man, perhaps 25 years of age. It is his son Isaac, who is carrying firewood. Abraham has a knife and the means to start a fire. Jehovah has asked him to sacrifice his own son! (Gen. 22:1-8) Abraham was facing what was likely the greatest test of his faith. Abraham did not obey God blindly. Instead, he obeyed because he could see. With eyes of genuine faith, he saw that his heavenly Father, Jehovah, never asks His faithful servants to do anything that will result in their lasting harm. Abraham knew that if he obeyed Jehovah, his God would bless him and his beloved son. On what was that faith based? On knowledge and experience. w16.02 1:3, 4
Saturday, May 6
Look! Jehovah’s slave girl! May it happen to me according to your declaration.—Luke 1:38.
Mary was to conceive, give birth to, and raise the only-begotten Son of God! It is easy to think only of Mary’s wonderful privilege and fail to consider some of the practical concerns that might have seemed daunting. God’s angel Gabriel told her that she would become pregnant miraculously—without having relations with a man. Gabriel did not offer to go to Mary’s family and neighbors to explain the cause of her pregnancy. What would they think? Mary must have been concerned about her fiancé, Joseph. How could she convince him that, although she was pregnant, she had remained faithful to him? Moreover, what a responsibility it would be to raise, care for, and train the only-begotten Son of the Most High! We cannot know all the concerns that may have raced through Mary’s mind when Gabriel spoke to her. However, we do know that she answered with the words of today’s text.—Luke 1:26-37. w16.02 2:13, 14
Sunday, May 7
Hushai the Archite was there to meet him, with his robe ripped apart and dirt on his head.—2 Sam. 15:32.
A man named Hushai needed courage to be loyal to God. Hushai was a loyal friend of King David. However, his loyalty was tested when David’s son Absalom won the heart of many and sought to take Jerusalem and the throne. (2 Sam. 15:13; 16:15) David fled the city, but what would Hushai do? Would he switch his loyalty to Absalom, or would he follow the elderly king who was fleeing for his life? Resolved to be loyal to the king appointed by God, Hushai met David on the Mount of Olives. (2 Sam. 15:30) David asked Hushai to go back to Jerusalem, to pretend to be Absalom’s friend, and to frustrate the advice of Ahithophel. Risking his very life, Hushai proved loyal to Jehovah and did what David asked him to do. Just as David had prayed, the counsel of courageous Hushai did frustrate that of Ahithophel.—2 Sam. 15:31; 17:14. w16.02 4:15, 16
Monday, May 8
All these blessings will come upon you and overtake you, because you keep listening to the voice of Jehovah your God.—Deut. 28:2.
As Christians, we can benefit from the guidelines that were given in the Law to the nation of Israel. How so? We can stop and look at the underlying principles of the Law. Even though we are not under those laws, we can view many of them as trustworthy guides in our daily lives and our worship of our holy God, Jehovah. He had those laws recorded in the Bible so that we could learn from them, be guided by the principles, and appreciate the higher moral standards for Christians. Listen to what Jesus said: “You heard that it was said: ‘You must not commit adultery.’ But I say to you that everyone who keeps on looking at a woman so as to have a passion for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart.” Thus, we need to avoid not only the act of adultery but also the sexual craving to share in immorality.—Matt. 5:27, 28. w16.03 4:6, 8
Tuesday, May 9
Appoint for us a king to judge us.—1 Sam. 8:5.
Samuel was so reluctant to do what the people demanded that Jehovah three times saw the need to tell him to listen to them. (1 Sam. 8:7, 9, 22) Even so, Samuel did not allow bitterness or resentment against the man who would replace him to take root in his heart. When Jehovah told him to anoint Saul, the prophet obeyed, not reluctantly out of mere duty, but willingly out of love. Like Samuel, experienced elders today show a kind disposition toward those whom they train. (1 Pet. 5:2) Such elders do not hold back from training others for fear of having to relinquish certain congregation privileges to the learners. Bighearted teachers view willing learners, not as competitors, but as “fellow workers”—as precious gifts to the congregation. (2 Cor. 1:24; Heb. 13:16) And what satisfaction such unselfish teachers experience as they observe how the learners use their abilities to benefit the congregation!—Acts 20:35. w15 4/15 1:16, 17
Wednesday, May 10
I will discipline you to the proper degree.—Jer. 30:11.
King Azariah “continued to do what was right in Jehovah’s eyes.” Yet, “Jehovah afflicted the king, and he remained a leper until the day of his death.” (2 Ki. 15:1-5) Why? The account does not say. Should this disturb us or cause us to wonder whether Jehovah punished Azariah without due cause? Not if we have an intimate knowledge of Jehovah’s ways. King Azariah was also known as King Uzziah. (2 Ki. 15:7, 32) In the parallel account at 2 Chronicles 26:3-5, 16-21, we learn that although Uzziah did what was right in Jehovah’s eyes for a time, later in life “his heart became haughty to his own ruin.” Presumptuously, he attempted to perform priestly duties that were outside the scope of his authority. Eighty-one priests confronted him and endeavored to correct him. How did Uzziah respond? He demonstrated how proud he had become. He “became enraged” against the priests. No wonder Jehovah struck him with leprosy! w15 4/15 3:8, 9
Thursday, May 11
Down the great dragon was hurled, the original serpent, the one called Devil and Satan, who is misleading the entire inhabited earth.—Rev. 12:9.
As noted above, Satan is called Devil, meaning “Slanderer.” This reminds us that Satan has defamed Jehovah by calling him a liar. The words “the original serpent” bring to mind that tragic day in Eden when Satan used a snake to deceive Eve. The expression “the great dragon” brings to mind thoughts of a terrifying monster and aptly fits Satan’s savage craving to obstruct Jehovah’s purpose and destroy His people. Clearly, Satan poses the greatest threat to our integrity. For good reason, the Bible admonishes us: “Keep your senses, be watchful! Your adversary, the Devil, walks about like a roaring lion, seeking to devour someone.” (1 Pet. 5:8) Satan no doubt rejoices when one of God’s servants becomes stained with serious sin and may use such victories to taunt Jehovah.—Prov. 27:11. w15 5/15 1:3, 4, 10
Friday, May 12
The love of money is a root of all sorts of injurious things.—1 Tim. 6:10.
Jehovah wants us to live comfortably—a fact that becomes clear when we consider the beautiful surroundings that he provided for Adam and Eve. (Gen. 2:9) But Satan can exploit our desires with “the deceptive power of riches.” (Matt. 13:22) Many think that money will make them happy or that material possessions are the key to success. Such thinking is pure deception, and it can cause us to lose the most valuable possession we have—our friendship with Jehovah. Jesus warned his followers: “No one can slave for two masters; for either he will hate the one and love the other, or he will stick to the one and despise the other. You cannot slave for God and for Riches.” (Matt. 6:24) If we slave exclusively for Riches, we have stopped serving Jehovah, and that is precisely what Satan wants us to do! May we never let money or the things it can buy eclipse our friendship with Jehovah. To fight Satan, we must maintain a balanced view of material things.—1 Tim. 6:6-10. w15 5/15 2:12
Saturday, May 13
If one member suffers, all the other members suffer with it.—1 Cor. 12:26.
It is not always easy to understand the pain that others are experiencing. Many people face difficulties that we have never known. Some are challenged physically because of injury, disease, or aging. Others are coping with emotional trials because of depression, panic attacks, or the aftereffects of abuse. Still others are part of a religiously divided family or a single-parent household. Everyone faces some problem, and often it is one we ourselves have not experienced. In such a case, how can we imitate God’s love? By listening intently until we understand the other person’s feelings, at least to some extent. This will move us to imitate Jehovah’s love by acting according to the need. The need is different with each individual, but we may be able to provide spiritual encouragement and some other practical help.—Rom. 12:15; 1 Pet. 3:8. w15 5/15 4:6, 7
Sunday, May 14
Christ is the power of God.—1 Cor. 1:24.
The Source of Christ’s power is Jehovah himself, so we have reason to believe that Almighty God is fully capable of controlling the forces of nature. Consider a few examples. Before the Flood, Jehovah stated: “In just seven days, I will make it rain on the earth for 40 days and 40 nights.” (Gen. 7:4) Similarly, at Exodus 14:21, we read: “Jehovah drove the sea back with a strong east wind.” And we read at Jonah 1:4: “Jehovah hurled a strong wind at the sea, and there was such a violent storm on the sea that the ship was about to be wrecked.” It is encouraging to know that Jehovah can control the elements. Clearly, planet Earth’s future is in good hands. How wonderful it is to think of the time when no natural forces will kill or maim, for “the tent of God [will be] with mankind”! (Rev. 21:3, 4) We can be assured that the power of God exercised through Christ will control the forces of nature during the Millennium. w15 6/15 1:15, 16
Monday, May 15
Stay far away from [the immoral woman]; do not go near the entrance of her house.—Prov. 5:8.
The danger of disregarding this counsel is illustrated in Proverbs chapter 7, where we read about a young man who goes for a stroll near the house of an immoral woman. They engage in sexual immorality. If only he had stayed far away from her! (Prov. 7:6-27) Might we at times show a similar lack of good judgment, perhaps straying into dangerous situations that could awaken wrong desires? For example, at night, television networks may relax their restrictions on program output. What if we occasionally channel surf? Or perhaps we might aimlessly follow instructions on the Internet or frequent chat rooms and sites that carry invitations to view pornography or offer other sexual services. Could it be that in such circumstances we would be confronted with something that would arouse improper desires and undermine our fight to remain chaste? w15 6/15 3:8, 9
Tuesday, May 16
Forgive us our debts.—Matt. 6:12.
Why did Jesus use the word “debts,” whereas on a later occasion, he spoke of “sins”? (Matt. 6:12; Luke 11:4) Over 60 years ago, The Watchtower nicely explained: “A sin of transgression against God’s law puts us in debt to him. . . . For our sin God could demand and exact our lives. . . . He could withdraw his peace from us, breaking off all peaceful relations with us. . . . We owe him love, expressed in obedience; and when we sin we fail in paying our debt of love to him, for sin is unloving toward God.” (1 John 5:3) Our daily need for forgiveness highlights the only legal basis on which God can cancel our sins—Jesus’ ransom sacrifice. Though this ransom was paid nearly 2,000 years ago, we should cherish it as if it were a gift given today. “The ransom price” for our lives “is so precious” that nothing any imperfect human could do for us would come near to paying it.—Ps. 49:7-9; 1 Pet. 1:18, 19. w15 6/15 5:9, 10
Wednesday, May 17
I will glorify the place for my feet.—Isa. 60:13.
What a pleasure it is to offer practical, appealing, and attractive literature in the ministry! And when we use the latest technology to spread the truth, such as by means of the jw.org website, we reflect Jehovah’s interest in providing people everywhere with the guidance most of them lack but so desperately need. Not to be overlooked is the wisdom behind the adjustment that allowed us to have a Family Worship evening or more time for personal study. We also appreciate advances made in assembly and convention programs. We often say that they get better every year! And we certainly rejoice over the increased training being provided by our many theocratic schools. In all these adjustments, Jehovah’s hand is clearly seen. He progressively enhances the beauty of his organization and of the spiritual paradise that we enjoy even now! w15 7/15 1:16, 17
Thursday, May 18
You must love . . . your neighbor as yourself.—Luke 10:27.
If you are ever in doubt as to how you ought to behave in any given situation, it would be wise to ask yourself, ‘What would Jesus have done?’ The nation in which Jesus lived was made up of people from various regions—Judea, Galilee, Samaria, and others. Bible accounts reveal that there were tensions between people of these different areas. (John 4:9) Tensions also existed between Pharisees and Sadducees (Acts 23:6-9), between the people and the tax collectors (Matt. 9:11), and between those who had received a Rabbinic education and those who had not. (John 7:49) In the first century, Israel was ruled by the Romans, whose presence was deeply resented by the local people. While Jesus championed religious truth and acknowledged that salvation originated with the Jews, he never encouraged his disciples to foster rivalries. (John 4:22) On the contrary, he urged them to love all men as their neighbor. w15 7/15 3:5
Friday, May 19
Jehovah is on my side; I will not be afraid. What can man do to me? Jehovah is on my side as my helper.—Ps. 118:6, 7.
Humans were created with the need to love and be loved. It is easy to become discouraged if this need is not satisfied because of unexpected events or disappointments, loss of health, financial setbacks, or a lack of success in the ministry. If we begin to feel that Jehovah no longer loves us, we do well to remember that we are precious to him and that he is there, “grasping [our] right hand” and helping us. He will never forget us if we are faithful to him. (Isa. 41:13; 49:15) Brigitte, who raised two children alone after her husband died, states: “Raising children in Satan’s system is one of the most difficult challenges, especially for a single parent. But I am convinced of Jehovah’s love because he has guided me through tears and heartache, and he never let me experience more than I could endure.”—1 Cor. 10:13. w15 8/15 1:1-3
Saturday, May 20
Keep in expectation.—Hab. 2:3.
The prophet Habakkuk was commissioned to foretell the destruction of Jerusalem. By the time he arrived on the scene, warnings of that city’s desolation had already been sounded for years. Conditions had reached the point where ‘the wicked surrounded the righteous and justice was perverted.’ So it is not surprising that Habakkuk asked: “How long, O Jehovah, must I cry for help?” Jehovah assured his faithful prophet that the foretold destruction would “not be late.” (Hab. 1:1-4) Suppose Habakkuk had become discouraged and thought: ‘I have been hearing about Jerusalem’s destruction for years. What if it is still a long way off? It does not seem realistic to keep prophesying as if the city might suddenly be destroyed. I will leave that to others.’ If Habakkuk had entertained such ideas, he would have lost his favored position before Jehovah—and possibly his life during the destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians! w15 8/15 2:12, 13
Sunday, May 21
Bad associations spoil useful habits.—1 Cor. 15:33.
To avoid spoiling our useful habits, we must not have as close associates those who practice bad things. This applies not only to associating with unbelieving wrongdoers but also to associating with those who claim to worship Jehovah but who deliberately violate his laws. If such professing Christians engage in serious wrongdoing and do not repent, we do not continue to associate with them. (Rom. 16:17, 18) If we were to associate with those who do not obey God’s laws, we might have the tendency to do what they do in order to be accepted by them. For example, if we were to have close association with sexually immoral people, we might be tempted to practice immorality. That has happened to some dedicated Christians, and some of them were disfellowshipped because they were not repentant. (1 Cor. 5:11-13) Unless they repent, their condition can become like that described by Peter.—2 Pet. 2:20-22. w15 8/15 4:4-6
Monday, May 22
You are my friends if you do what I am commanding you.—John 15:14.
In choosing close friends, Jesus was selective. Jesus chose such friends from among those who loyally followed him and served Jehovah wholeheartedly. Do you similarly select your close friends from among those who serve Jehovah unreservedly? Why is this important? The warmth of our brotherhood can help you to progress to maturity. Perhaps you are a young person who is trying to decide what course you will pursue in life. How wise you are if you associate with fellow believers who have considerable experience in serving Jehovah and in contributing to the unity of the congregation! Over the years, they may have had some ups and downs in life and may even have faced challenges in serving God. Such ones can help you to choose the best way of life. Warm, upbuilding association with such brothers and sisters can help you to make your own wise decisions and to press on to maturity.—Heb. 5:14. w15 9/15 1:14, 15
Tuesday, May 23
Take your stand against [the Devil], firm in the faith.—1 Pet. 5:9.
By both word and deed, Jesus built up the faith of his disciples. (Mark 11:20-24) We should follow his example because helping others build up their faith also strengthens our own. (Prov. 11:25) In your preaching and teaching, highlight the proof that God exists, that he cares about us, and that the Bible is his inspired Word. Help your brothers and sisters bolster their faith as well. If any show signs of doubt, perhaps by starting to grumble against appointed brothers, do not quickly shun them. Instead, tactfully come to their aid, helping them take steps to restore their faith. (Jude 22, 23) If you are in school and the theory of evolution is discussed, boldly defend your faith in creation—you might be surprised at the effect your words have on others. Jehovah helps all of us to stand firm in the faith. (1 Pet. 5:10) The effort we put into building our faith is well worth it, for the rewards of faith are incomparable. w15 9/15 3:20, 21
Wednesday, May 24
The heavens are declaring the glory of God; the skies above proclaim the work of his hands.—Ps. 19:1.
Today, we are blessed with much knowledge of Jehovah’s works of creation and the outworking of his purpose. The world promotes higher education and advanced learning. Yet, the experience of many shows that pursuing such things often leads to loss of faith and loss of love for God. The Bible, however, urges us not only to love knowledge but also to acquire wisdom and understanding. That means to learn how to use the knowledge that God has given us so that we can benefit ourselves and others. (Prov. 4:5-7) God’s “will is that all sorts of people should be saved and come to an accurate knowledge of truth.” (1 Tim. 2:4) We demonstrate our love for Jehovah when we put our heart into telling everyone the Kingdom good news and helping people to understand God’s grand purpose for mankind.—Ps. 66:16, 17. w15 9/15 5:10, 11
Thursday, May 25
All the things that were written beforehand were written for our instruction.—Rom. 15:4.
Imagine the following scenes that reveal Elijah’s implicit trust in Jehovah. When Elijah informed King Ahab of Jehovah’s intention to bring about a drought, he confidently declared: “As surely as Jehovah . . . is living, . . . there will be no dew or rain except by my word!” (1 Ki. 17:1) Elijah believed that Jehovah would supply what was needed for him and for others during the drought. (1 Ki. 17:4, 5, 13, 14) He expressed confidence that Jehovah could raise a child from the dead. (1 Ki. 17:21) He had no doubt that Jehovah would send fire to consume his sacrifice on Mount Carmel. (1 Ki. 18:24, 37) When Jehovah’s time came to end the drought, even before there was any sign of rain, Elijah told Ahab: “Go up, eat and drink, for there is the sound of a heavy downpour.” (1 Ki. 18:41) Do not such accounts make us examine ourselves to see if our faith is that strong? w15 10/15 2:4, 5
Friday, May 26
Ponder over these things.—1 Tim. 4:15.
Man’s linguistic abilities are a miraculous gift designed by God. (Ps. 139:14; Rev. 4:11) Our God-given brain is unique in another important respect. Unlike animals, humans were created “in God’s image.” They have free will and can choose to use their linguistic skills to glorify God. (Gen. 1:27) To all who desire to honor the Creator of language, God has given a wonderful gift, the Bible. It is available in whole or in part in over 2,800 languages. When you absorb these holy writings, you are filling your mind with the thoughts of God. (Ps. 40:5; 92:5; 139:17) Thus you can enjoy meditating on things that “are able to make you wise for salvation.” (2 Tim. 3:14-17) To meditate means to focus your thoughts and to reflect on or ponder over something, be it good or bad. (Ps. 77:12; Prov. 24:1, 2) The two best subjects for meditation are Jehovah God and his Son, Jesus Christ.—John 17:3. w15 10/15 4:2-4
Saturday, May 27
If any man does not know how to preside over his own household, how will he care for the congregation of God?—1 Tim. 3:5.
By word and example, Jesus trained his disciples to serve others humbly. (Luke 22:27) He taught his apostles to be self-sacrificing in Jehovah’s service and in dealing with fellow believers. Through your example of humble self-sacrifice, you can teach your children the same lesson. “I never felt jealous because of the time my husband spent with others as an elder,” says Debbie, a mother of two. “I knew that whenever our family needed my husband’s attention, he would give it to us.” Her husband, Pranas, adds: “Later, our children were keen to be involved at assemblies and on theocratic projects. They flourished, made friends, and felt that they belonged!” The entire family now serves Jehovah in the full-time ministry. By the way you demonstrate humility and self-sacrifice, your children are likely to learn how to serve others. w15 11/15 1:9
Sunday, May 28
[God’s] invisible qualities are clearly seen from the world’s creation onward, because they are perceived by the things made, even his eternal power and Godship.—Rom. 1:20.
Jehovah’s great love has been displayed in many ways. For example, note the magnificence of the universe. There are billions of galaxies, each containing many billions of stars and planets. In our own Milky Way galaxy, one of those stars is our sun, without which the multitude of life forms on earth would not exist. All these creations give evidence of Jehovah’s Godship and of his qualities, such as his power, wisdom, and love. On earth, Jehovah created everything for the benefit of his creatures designed for earthly life. For humans, he made a beautiful paradise garden and gave them perfect minds and bodies capable of living forever. (Rev. 4:11) Moreover, “he gives food to every living thing, for his loyal love endures forever.”—Ps. 136:25. w15 11/15 3:7, 8
Monday, May 29
I am with you.—Matt. 28:20.
Over the years our King has given us tools to use to help prepare the hearts of millions to receive the Kingdom message. Some tools were useful for perhaps a decade or so, while others have proved to be of timeless value. But all these tools have allowed us to develop our skills as evangelizers in some way. One tool that helped many get started in the ministry was the testimony card, which Kingdom publishers began using in 1933. The card contained a brief Bible message. The testimony card was helpful in more ways than one. Although having a strong desire to share in the preaching work, some publishers were shy and did not know what to say. Others would tell the householder everything they knew in just a few minutes, but their presentation was not always tactful! In contrast, in a few concise, well-chosen words, the testimony card “did the talking” for the publisher. w15 11/15 5:3-6
Tuesday, May 30
Let them praise the name of Jehovah.—Ps. 148:13.
Countless Bible verses show the importance of God’s name and its sanctification. (Ex. 3:15; Ps. 83:18; Isa. 42:8; 43:10; John 17:6, 26; Acts 15:14) Jehovah God—the Author of the Bible—inspired its writers to use his name freely. (Ezek. 38:23) Omitting the name, found thousands of times in ancient manuscripts, shows disrespect for the Author. The evidence for retaining God’s name in the Bible has not diminished but grown. The 2013 revision of the New World Translation includes the name 7,216 times, which is 6 more than the 1984 edition. Five of the additional instances are found at 1 Samuel 2:25; 6:3; 10:26; 23:14, 16. These were restored primarily because the Dead Sea Scrolls, which predate the Hebrew Masoretic text by over 1,000 years, contain the name in these verses. Also, one occurrence at Judges 19:18 was restored as a result of further study of ancient manuscripts. w15 12/15 2:5, 6
Wednesday, May 31
Let your brotherly love continue.—Heb. 13:1.
We need to develop our brotherly love now, for it will help us during whatever tests and trials we may face in the future. Even now, before the outbreak of the great tribulation, we have a strong need for brotherly love. Many of our brothers have been adversely affected by earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tsunamis, or other natural disasters. Some brothers are suffering because of opposition and persecution. (Matt. 24:6-9) Added to all of this are the economic woes we experience daily as a result of living in this corrupt system of things. (Rev. 6:5, 6) As such problems increase, so do our opportunities to demonstrate the depth of our brotherly affection. Even though “the love of the greater number [of people] will grow cold,” we need to prove that our brotherly love continues.—Matt. 24:12. w16.01 1:8, 9 |
Featured output on JW.ORG | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2019247 | Featured output on JW.ORG
Beginning with this issue, The Watchtower will advertise new articles in series that previously appeared in our journals but are now published on our website, jw.org.
HELP FOR THE FAMILY
How to Control Your Anger
Giving in to anger can damage your health, but so can suppressing it. How can you control your anger in explosive situations?
(Go to BIBLE TEACHINGS > MARRIAGE & FAMILY.)
THE BIBLE CHANGES LIVES
The Streets Became My Home
Antonio’s experiences with violence, drugs, and alcohol abuse led him to feel that life had no purpose. What changed his mind?
(Go to BIBLE TEACHINGS > PEACE & HAPPINESS.) |
Happiness (hp)
1980 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/hp | Chapter 7
Sex—Which Advice Really Works?
IF YOU were to take a poll on “What makes for happiness?” many of the answers would involve sex. That is to be expected, because sexual feelings and desires are a God-given part of every normal healthy person.
2 Discussion of sex has become more open than in past generations. Also, sexual conduct has changed. More and more youths begin sexual intercourse at an early age, even in their early teens. Millions of couples, including many retired persons, live together and have sex relations without marriage. Among married persons, many have tried group sex, wife swapping or “open marriage,” in which both mates agree to having sex outside of marriage.
3 Advice regarding these matters comes from a variety of sources. What is viewed as popular today has been encouraged or at least approved by many doctors, marriage counselors and clergymen. Some people get their ideas from “how-to” books or magazine articles. The thinking of others is molded by sex-education courses in school. Yet others simply pick up their ideas from novels, motion pictures and television shows that deal explicitly with sex.
4 As most persons realize, the Bible also discusses the subject. Many persons now tend to shy away from Bible standards, feeling that these are overly restrictive. But is this the case? Or could it be that applying the Bible’s advice actually protects a person against much heartache and makes it possible to find greater happiness in life?
SEX BEFORE MARRIAGE—WHY NOT?
5 Sexual desire and capacity normally awaken and grow during the teen-age years. So throughout history many young persons have had sexual intercourse before marriage. (Genesis 34:1-4) But in recent years premarital sex has become increasingly common. In some places it is almost the general rule. Why?
6 One reason for the increase in premarital sex relates to the publicity given to sex in motion pictures and popular novels. Many young persons are curious, they ‘want to see what it is like.’ This, in turn, creates peer pressure and influences others to conform. As sex before marriage and sex without marriage have become widespread, many clergymen now say that it is permissible as long as the parties ‘love each other.’ More and more unmarried persons thus face the question, ‘Why not have sex, especially if we use birth control?’
7 Medical columnist Dr. Saul Kapel listed other reasons behind premarital sex, and made observations as to the effects:
‘Sex is misused as a means of rebellion against parents. It is misused to attract attention, as a kind of “call for help.” It is misused as a way of “proving” masculinity or femininity. It is misused as a social crutch in vain attempts to gain acceptance.
‘When sex is thus misused, it never solves the problems that motivate it. Usually, it only obscures them.’
8 No matter what the reason for premarital sex, no matter how common it is, no matter how many counselors and clergymen approve of it, the Bible advises:
“This is what God wills, . . . that you abstain from fornication; . . . that no one go to the point of harming and encroach upon the rights of” another.—1 Thessalonians 4:3-6.
Some may feel that God is here being needlessly restrictive. But do not forget that sex itself is a gift from Jehovah God; he is the One who created humans with reproductive powers. (Genesis 1:28) Is it not logical that the Author of human sexuality should be able to provide the best counsel on it, advice that can actually safeguard us against grief?
EFFECTS—PLEASURABLE OR PAINFUL?
9 Sexual attraction and desire can, in the right setting, have fine effects. One, of course, is children. The first recorded instance of sexual relations says: “Now Adam had intercourse with Eve his wife and she became pregnant.” (Genesis 4:1) In a family, resulting children can be a source of real happiness. What, though, if sex relations are engaged in by persons not yet married? The effect often is the same—pregnancy and children.
10 Many who share in premarital sex relations feel that this need not be a serious concern. They have in mind available contraceptives. In some places teen-agers may obtain these even without their parents’ learning of it. Nonetheless, teenage pregnancies abound even among sophisticated youths, who say, “It couldn’t happen to me.” News reports such as these prove it:
“More than one baby in every five born in New Zealand last year was born to an unmarried parent.”
“Of every three British women under 20 reciting her marriage vows, one is already an expectant mother.”
“One out of five teenage girls [in the U.S.A.] will become pregnant before she graduates from high school.”
11 This painful effect of sex before marriage has brought pressure on many young women and young men. Some seek abortion. Yet sensitive persons become severely disturbed at the thought of destroying a child that is developing within its mother. (Exodus 20:13) Feminine emotions and conscience are also involved. These are so powerful that many who have permitted an abortion have later regretted it deeply.—Romans 2:14, 15.
12 Teen-age pregnancies bring greater risks to mother and child than do pregnancies of adult women. There is a greater risk of anemia, toxemia, abnormal bleeding, prolonged labor and forced delivery, as well as death during delivery. A baby born to a mother under age 16 is twice as likely to die in its first year. Illegitimate births also bring the parents many personal, social and economic problems. Furthermore, a child’s security and development depend to a great extent on a stable home environment. Children deprived of that by illegitimacy may be seriously hurt for life. Would you say, then, that the overall effects of premarital sex are pleasurable or painful? And is the Bible’s advice, “Abstain from fornication,” a wise protection?
13 Ignoring the Bible’s advice has also exposed many to another painful effect—disease. Women who began their sex life in their teens with multiple partners have a much higher rate of cervical cancer. There is, too, the very real danger of venereal disease. Some persons deceive themselves by thinking that gonorrhea and syphilis can easily be detected and cured. But experts of the U.N. World Health Organization report that some venereal disease strains now are resistant to antibiotics. Doctors worry, also, about the upsurge in genital herpes. It often harms children born to infected women. Yes, many young persons are learning to their sorrow the truthfulness of the Bible’s warning:
“Every other sin that a man may commit is outside his body, but he that practices fornication is sinning against his own body.”—1 Corinthians 6:18.
14 Some think that premarital sex provides experience that can make for easier sexual adjustment in marriage. It is common in some lands for wealthy fathers to take their sons to prostitutes for “education.” Persons may feel that this is helpful. But it really is not, according to our Creator, who has observed all human experience. Maintaining chastity beforehand lays a far better groundwork for a happy marriage. Canadian studies disclosed that teen-agers who had early premarital sex are more likely to cheat on their mates when once married. But persons who maintain chastity beforehand are more likely to be chaste in marriage; the respect and honor for marriage they had before the wedding day continue after it.
HOW ABOUT ADULTERY?
15 Today’s liberal counsel about sex has also led to more adultery. Reports from Europe and North America indicate that about half the married men cheat on their wives. More women also are now approving of and sharing in adultery, often with the hope that it will add romance to their lives.
16 The Bible offers very clear advice on this: “Let the husband render to his wife her [sexual] due; but let the wife also do likewise to her husband.” (1 Corinthians 7:3) You can read also Proverbs 5:15-20, which, in figurative language, says that married persons should obtain sexual pleasure within their marriage, not from someone outside it. Experience over the centuries has proved that this advice is a protection. It protects against disease and illegitimacy. It also protects against the hurt and sorrow that adultery often causes.
17 When a man and a woman marry they commit themselves to each other. What happens when one of them breaks that trust by cheating? A study of extramarital affairs reports:
“There is tremendous guilt for going against one’s word. Adultery is a personal crime, because you know precisely whom you are betraying or injuring.”
This became clearer after many couples followed the advice about “open marriage,” in which there was supposed to be agreement about having sex with other partners. In time the prime advocates of “open marriage” had to reverse themselves. The sad results forced them to conclude that “assurance of sexual fidelity is still an important and necessary attribute of most marriages.”
18 Adultery tends to produce jealousy and personal insecurity. God wisely advised about the harm these bring. (Proverbs 14:30; 27:4) Thus, though some persons feel they know better and that adultery is justified, the facts prove otherwise. Clinical psychologist Dr. Milton Matz frankly acknowledged:
“Most of us get clobbered by extra-marital sex when it occurs in our lives, whether we are participants or victims. . . .
“My experience with it has been that extra-marital affairs are fantastically painful for everybody concerned. As a prescription for happiness, it doesn’t work.”
SEX RELATIONS IN MARRIAGE
19 Regarding sex, the Bible does not counsel us merely on what to avoid. It also gives us advice on what to do in a positive way that will contribute to a rewarding life.
20 Rather than presenting sex as a mere biologic function, the Scriptures properly show that it can be a source of mutual pleasure for husband and wife. The Bible mentions being in “ecstasy” and ‘intoxicated’ with the sexual expressions of marriage. (Proverbs 5:19) Such forthrightness helps to dispel prudishness or shame regarding normal, loving relations between husband and wife.
21 The Creator counsels husbands: “Keep on loving your wives and do not be bitterly angry with them.” (Colossians 3:19) For sexual relations to be truly rewarding, the couple must have no barrier of bitterness or resentment between them. Then marital relations can be enjoyed for what they really are, a way to express deep love, commitment and tenderness.
22 Further, God urges husbands to dwell with their wives “according to knowledge.” (1 Peter 3:7) A husband should accordingly take into account his wife’s emotions and physical cycles. If, rather than being callously demanding, he is thoughtfully sensitive to her feelings and needs, it is likely that she will be more sensitive to his. This will result in mutual satisfaction.
23 A common complaint is that some wives are cool or unresponsive. What may contribute to this is a husband who seems distant, silent or stern unless he desires intercourse. But do you not agree that wifely unresponsiveness would be less likely if a husband regularly were warm and close to his wife? It is more natural for a wife to respond to a husband who heeds the advice to clothe himself with “the tender affections of compassion, kindness, lowliness of mind, mildness, and long-suffering.”—Colossians 3:12, 13.
24 The Bible says: “There is more happiness in giving than there is in receiving.” (Acts 20:35) That applies in many ways, and in principle it has been a realistic aid to sexual pleasure. How so? A wife’s enjoyment of sexual relations depends largely on the heart and mind. In recent times much emphasis has been put on women’s concentrating on their own bodily sensations and pleasure, but satisfaction still seems to elude many. However, Dr. Marie Robinson, who studied the matter, pointed out that when a wife cultivates respect for her husband and views intercourse as a means to ‘give’ rather than receive, she likely will find more satisfaction herself. This doctor commented:
“Gradually [the wife] finds herself allowing her new tenderness and concern for her husband to become a part of the meaning of her sexual embrace. She sees and feels the pleasure her sexual thawing brings him, and this process becomes circular, his increased pleasure giving her more pleasure.”
So the Bible’s counsel to be both giving and interested in others contributes to happiness, even in this intimate aspect of life.—Philippians 2:4.
25 Heeding this counsel benefits us in another way too. Our viewpoint regarding sex, which includes the ability to transmit life, affects our relationship with God, who is the Life-Giver. Thus, avoiding fornication and adultery is wise, not only because it benefits us physically, mentally and emotionally, but also because these are “sin against God.” (Genesis 39:9) And regarding faithfulness to one’s marriage mate, Hebrews 13:4 states:
“Let marriage be honorable among all, and the marriage bed be without defilement, for God will judge fornicators and adulterers.”
26 When we consider how sex relates to a person’s happiness, we need to look beyond today. With our lasting welfare in view, the Bible helps us to consider how what we do will affect both ourselves and others tomorrow, next year and throughout our life.
[Study Questions]
What reason is there now to consider the Bible’s advice about sex? (Proverbs 2:6-12) (1-4)
Why has premarital sex increased? (5-7)
What is God’s view of premarital sex? (8)
What effects come from premarital sex? (9-12)
What other reasons could you give for valuing Bible counsel on sex? (13, 14)
What does the evidence show as to the Bible’s advice on adultery? (15-18)
What does the Bible offer about sex in marriage? (19-22)
How does applying this advice benefit a person? (23-26)
[Box on page 70]
“Perhaps the new ‘sexual freedom’ is ‘liberating,’ . . . But what I keep hearing, everywhere, is something quite different. What I keep hearing is that free sex does indeed do something to most people. Free sex hurts.”—Columnist G. A. Geyer, “The Oregonian.”
[Box on page 71]
“Marital infidelity tends to create guilt, pain, and mistrust, while fidelity fosters security and deep joy.”—Dr. C. B. Broderick, director of a marriage and family center.
[Picture on page 69]
Bible counsel helps persons avoid sad effects of immorality—unwanted pregnancies and venereal disease |
The Greek Orthodox Church—A Religion Divided | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101996005 | The Greek Orthodox Church—A Religion Divided
BY AWAKE! CORRESPONDENT IN GREECE
FOR sincere people who love God and the truth and who have deep respect for his worship, the present situation in the Greek Orthodox Church in Greece is, to say the least, appalling. The deplorable lack of unity, the violent confrontations between fighting factions of the church, a torrent of shameful moral scandals, and the inability of a religion—which describes itself as “the only true church of God”—to provide spiritual guidance are causing many Greeks to become disappointed and disgusted.
The common people are frustrated, even enraged, by this state of affairs. A university professor, writing in a leading Greek newspaper, laments: “The Church of Greece is being torn apart by a crisis unprecedented in its intensity and duration, which puts into question [the church’s] authority and erodes the inherent value of its institutions. Unfortunately the harm continues.”
How did this situation develop? Have the close ties enjoyed by the Greek Orthodox Church with the State been truly beneficial? What is the future of these Church and State relations? What alternative exists for people seeking the true, united congregation of Christ? Let us examine the facts and see what the Bible has to say on the matter.
A Struggle for Power
When a military dictatorship ruled over Greece during the years 1967-74, it intervened actively in the affairs of the Greek Orthodox Church in order to consolidate its own power. In its effort to take over complete control, the military junta dissolved the previously elected Holy Synod—the highest executive body of the Greek Orthodox Church—and appointed a synod of its own, “according to merit,” as it was termed. When democracy was restored in 1974, the ruling body of the church was again elected according to its canonical charter. Consequently, the bishops who had formed part of the junta-appointed synod were deposed and were replaced by others.
However, a government bill that was passed in 1990 gave the dismissed bishops the right to reclaim their seats by appealing to secular courts and eventually to the highest administrative court, the Council of State. Three of those clergymen did just that, and they eventually won their cases. Today, as a result, three separate Orthodox archdioceses in Greece have two bishops each—one who is officially recognized only by the Greek Orthodox Church and one who is officially accepted by the Council of State.
“Fighting Christians”
The previously deposed bishops have reclaimed their seats, and they absolutely refuse to acknowledge the existence of the other bishops appointed by the official church. What is more, each of them has a large following of “religious fanatics”—as one newspaper described them—who are fervently vocal in supporting their bishop’s cause. This situation thus sparked heated and intense reactions as television screens throughout the country flashed scenes of violence, showing masses of such “fighting Christians” forcibly breaking into churches, smashing religious icons, and attacking clergymen and laymen of the opposite factions. In most of these cases, riot police had to intervene in order to restore calm. Events reached a climax in October and November 1993 in churches located in the well-to-do Athens suburb of Kifisia, and later in July and December 1994 in the city of Larissa, as riotous episodes of blind religious fanaticism shocked the public in Greece.
The most violent clashes took place on July 28, 1994, during the enthronement of Ignatius, the bishop in Larissa appointed by the Holy Synod. Bearing the front-page banner headline, “Larissa Becomes a Battlefield for the New Bishop—The Dark Ages Revived,” the newspaper Ethnos reported: “Only one term is fitting: the Dark Ages. How else could one possibly describe all the things that took place yesterday in Larissa, . . . street fights, riotous clashes, physical injuries?”
Some weeks later, opponents attacked the car of Bishop Ignatius “using iron bars and bats, after a fierce chase.” A journalist wondered: “Is it possible for one to accept that the perpetrators involved are infused with Christian sentiments when, at the same time, their fanaticism leads them to commit acts that are akin to those of gangsters, to acts of violence that could cause death? . . . And these acts are encouraged and condoned by prominent leaders of the church.”
The situation became even worse during the Christmas season. Referring to the traumatic events of December 23-26, 1994, in Larissa, the newspaper Eleftherotipia wrote: “It was a Christmas of shame in Larissa, where, once again, the long, drawn-out conflict marred the [celebration]. . . . While church bells announced the birth of Christ, police clubs were falling over the heads of the ‘righteous and unrighteous.’ Riots, clashes, tirades of curses, and arrests replaced the bestowing of Christmas good wishes and benedictions in the courtyard of the Church of Saint Constantine in Larissa. . . . The demonstrations [against Ignatius] quickly turned into verbal insults and then clashes with police. . . . They turned the church courtyard into a battlefield.”
How did people react to this? An Orthodox man commented: “I cannot understand how people who call themselves Christians can perpetrate such acts of violence during sacred religious holidays. How can I go to church when I am faced with the risk of being beaten up there?” And one devout Orthodox woman stated: “I am afraid to go to church now after all these events.”
As if this were not enough, there is also a torrent of disclosures about moral scandals involving the Greek Orthodox Church. The media have repeatedly brought to light revelations with regard to the decadent morals of certain members of the clergy—homosexual and pedophile priests, the embezzlement of finances, and the illicit trade in antiquities. The latter is possible because many clergymen have uncontrolled free access to treasures of precious icons and other valuable artifacts.
How flagrantly this situation violates the strong admonition given by the apostle Paul to Christians that they not be followers of men because this results in “dissensions” and “divisions”!—1 Corinthians 1:10-13; 3:1-4.
Church-State Relations—What Future?
Ever since the inception of the Greek State, the Greek Orthodox Church has enjoyed the privileged status of being the dominant religion. In Greece, as yet, there is no such thing as Church-State separation. The Constitution itself guarantees the position of the Greek Orthodox Church as the “prevailing religion” of Greece. This means that the Greek Orthodox Church permeates all sectors of public life, including the public administration, the judicial system, the police, public education, and practically every other aspect of society. This all-encompassing presence of the church has meant oppression and indescribable difficulties for religious minorities in Greece. Although the Constitution does guarantee religious freedom, whenever a religious minority attempts to claim its rights, it almost always finds itself enmeshed in an impenetrable web of religious bias, prejudice, and opposition that this Church-State relationship has woven.
A revision of the Constitution seems to be a distinct possibility in the near future, and therefore a strong demand for the separation of Church and State is already being heard. Influential Greek constitutional experts and analysts are calling attention to the problems created by this close association between Church and State. They point out that the only viable solution would be a strict separation of these two entities.
Church leaders, meanwhile, are voicing their objections to such an eventual separation. Touching upon a sensitive issue, which would be adversely affected by such a development in Church-State relations, an Orthodox bishop wrote: “As a consequence, will the State stop paying the salary of the clergymen? . . . That would mean that many parishes will be left without priests.”—Compare Matthew 6:33.
Another result of the close relationship between Church and State in Greece is that Greek law—in direct conflict with European Union regulations and the Articles of the European Convention of Human Rights, which are binding for Greece—requires that the personal identity card of all Greek citizens must indicate the religion to which each citizen belongs. Open-minded people strongly object to this because members of religious minorities usually become victims of discrimination. One journalist stated: “This fact can very likely have negative consequences as far as the rights of a religious minority to be able to exercise their religious freedom are concerned.” Commenting on this, the newspaper Ta Nea wrote: “The State should make its decisions and pass laws without any regard for the domineering ways and reactions of the church in such matters as the obligatory registering of one’s religion on his or her personal identity card.”
Stressing the urgent need for such a separation, Dimitris Tsatsos, professor of constitutional law and also a member of the European Parliament, stated: “The Church [of Greece] must stop its domineering of social, political, and educational life. The manner by which the Greek Church is operating is oppressive. It is a despot ruling over our educational system and our society.” In another interview this same professor said: “The church has terrifying power in Greece, which unfortunately is not limited to its natural habitat of ruthless conservatism, but it has even managed to infiltrate the progressive sector of Greek society as well. Personally, I demand the separation of Church and State. I demand that Orthodox Greeks be put on the same level as and be equal to the adherents of other religions in Greece.”
True Christians Are United
It is indeed difficult to find the mark of true Christianity in the Greek Orthodox Church. Jesus did not intend for divisions and schisms to develop within Christianity. In praying to his Father, he asked that his disciples might “all be one.” (John 17:21) And these disciples were to ‘have love among themselves,’ this love being the distinguishing mark of genuine followers of Christ. —John 13:35.
Unity seems to elude the Greek Orthodox Church. However, this is far from being a unique case within organized religion today. Rather, it is representative of the divisiveness that plagues the religions of Christendom.
Sincere lovers of God find this sad state of affairs difficult to reconcile with the apostle Paul’s words to true Christians at 1 Corinthians 1:10: “Now I exhort you, brothers, through the name of our Lord Jesus Christ that you should all speak in agreement, and that there should not be divisions among you, but that you may be fitly united in the same mind and in the same line of thought.”
Yes, true disciples of Jesus enjoy unbreakable unity among themselves. Because they are united by the bond of Christian love, they have no political, sectarian, or doctrinal differences. Jesus clearly explained that everyone would be able to recognize his followers by “their fruits,” or activities. (Matthew 7:16) The publishers of this magazine invite you to investigate the “fruits” of Jehovah’s Witnesses, who enjoy true Christian unity in Greece as well as everywhere else in the world.
[Picture on page 18]
Priests clashed with the police
[Picture Credit Line on page 15]
From the book The Pictorial History of the World |
Sing Praises (ssb)
1984 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/Ssb | Song 4
God’s Promise of Paradise
(Luke 23:43)
1. A paradise our God has promised,
By means of Christ’s Millennial Reign,
When he’ll blot out all sin and error,
Removing death and tears and pain.
(Chorus)
2. Soon here on earth, for God so purposed,
His Son will cause the dead to rise.
It was the promise of Christ Jesus:
‘You’ll be with me in Paradise.’
(Chorus)
3. O joy of joys! What grand reunion
When billions dead return to life!
’Twill be a time of fine instruction,
Completely free from hateful strife.
(Chorus)
4. Yes, Paradise our Lord did promise.
And he is now earth’s rightful King.
So let us thank our God, Jehovah.
Do leap for joy; his praises sing.
(CHORUS)
A paradise the earth will be.
With eyes of faith this we can see.
This promise Christ shall soon fulfill,
For he delights to do God’s will. |
‘Know Jehovah’ (kj)
1971 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/kj | Chapter 20
Land of Magog No More to Threaten Mankind
1. After the defeat of Gog’s attack on Jehovah’s worshipers, what “land” must come in for attention, and what might persons who could get sucked in with that attack well do now?
THE unseen base of operations from which Gog launches his attack upon the spiritual “Israel of God” is the “land of Magog.” This “land” must come in for attention after Gog’s militant forces on earth have been crushed in defeat. Thus the unseen inhabitants of the “land of Magog” must witness first the disastrous defeat of the devilish campaign against the spiritually prosperous worshipers of Jehovah. The nations and peoples whom Gog allies with himself in the campaign gain, not glory, but only undying shame, out of this impious campaign. All persons who might yet get sucked into that coming campaign against Jehovah’s Christian witnesses would now do well to consider what He says by Ezekiel to the Gog by whom they might get recruited:
2. From where would Jehovah cause Gog to come, what would He do to Gog’s weapons, and what would He do with Gog’s fallen peoples?
2 “And as regards you, O son of man, prophesy against Gog, and you must say, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord Jehovah has said: “Here I am against you, O Gog, you head chieftain of Meshech and Tubal. And I will turn you around and lead you on and cause you to come up from the remotest parts of the north and bring you in upon the mountains of Israel. And I will strike your bow out of your left hand, and your arrows I shall cause to fall out of your own right hand. On the mountains of Israel you will fall, you and all your bands and the peoples that will be with you. To birds of prey, birds of every sort of wing, and the wild beasts of the field I will give you for food.”’”—Ezekiel 39:1-4.
3. Why has Jehovah good reason to be against Gog, for what that will openly justify him in taking action on Gog does He wait, and how will his slain hordes be disposed of?
3 Jehovah has good reason to be against Gog of Magog because of that one’s hostile attitude against Jehovah’s faithful worshipers coupled with his constant readiness to despoil such worshipers. Gog deserves destruction, and at the due time Jehovah seeks an overt act on Gog’s part, an act that will be glaringly manifest to heaven and earth, that all may agree that Jehovah has just cause for destroying Gog. Jehovah catches him right on the spot, engaged in his outrageous depredations, and knocks his means of warfare out of his power. No decent burial with military honors is promised for the slain hordes under Gog as their “head chieftain.” For carrion birds and beasts they will lie exposed for food. With reference to their inglorious outcome we read further: “‘Upon the surface of the field you will fall, for I myself have spoken,’ is the utterance of the Sovereign Lord Jehovah.” (Ezekiel 39:5) Gog’s fallen hordes will never return home in triumph!
4. Where is the “land of Magog,” and what does it constitute for earth’s inhabitants?
4 What, though, about the location where this vicious God-defying attack on Jehovah’s restored people was conceived, up there in “the remotest parts of the north”? This is the invisible realm of Satan the Devil and his demons at the earth since their being ousted from heaven after being defeated in the war in heaven. This debased location at the earth is a menace, a continuous threat to mankind and a source of woe to earth and sea, and it must be done away with. Jehovah will wipe out this threat to the peace and security of earth’s inhabitants, for he goes on to say:
5. How does Jehovah say that he will wipe out that threat to earth’s peace and security?
5 “And I will send fire upon Magog and upon those who are inhabiting the islands in security; and people will have to know that I am Jehovah. And my holy name I shall make known in the midst of my people Israel, and I shall no more let my holy name be profaned; and the nations will have to know that I am Jehovah, the Holy One in Israel.”—Ezekiel 39:6, 7.
6. Will any place be too remote to feel the execution of Jehovah’s judgments, and how will he consume the land of Magog by sending “fire on Magog”?
6 No place will be too isolated, for instance, islands, so as not to feel the execution of Jehovah’s judgments for having any part or any sympathy with the antichristian attack by Gog of the land of Magog. No, not even the most remote location, “the land of Magog” itself. How will Jehovah consume this locality by sending “fire upon Magog”? By ridding this invisible place of restraint at the earth of its occupants, namely, of Satan the Devil and the demons over which he is the “head chieftain.” This riddance follows the “war of the great day of God the Almighty” at Har–Magedon, foretold in Revelation 16:14, 16; 19:11-21, and is described in Revelation 20:1-3, as follows: “And I saw an angel coming down out of heaven with the key of the abyss and a great chain in his hand. And he seized the dragon, the original serpent, who is the Devil and Satan, and bound him for a thousand years. And he hurled him [away from his place of detention at the earth] into the abyss and shut it and sealed it over him, that he might not mislead the nations anymore until the thousand years were ended. After these things he must be let loose for a little while.”
7. Why will the people no longer be in position to profane Jehovah’s name regarding spiritual Israel, and in what knowledge will his taking action result?
7 This wiping out finally of the symbolic “land of Magog” will mean a sweeping victory for Jehovah, and those persons who will not have taken their stand for His Messianic kingdom will be made to realize that they are on the side that is resisting and fighting against the Sovereign Lord of the universe. By having His judicial decisions executed upon them such people “will have to know that I am Jehovah,” as he has declared. No more will they be in position to profane Jehovah’s name by asserting that He is too weak to protect his people from worldly attack and to defend his earthly interests with success. By his preserving and delivering his Christian witnesses during the final assault by Gog of Magog, Jehovah will as never before make his name known in the midst of spiritual Israel that has suffered international reproach. As the last relics of this ungodly system of things go down into destruction the effect is bound to be just as He has decreed: “The nations will have to know that I am Jehovah, the Holy One in Israel.”—Ezekiel 39:7.
8. When Gog’s forces are defeated, for whom will it be a “great day”?
8 That will be an unforgettable “great day” for this Holy One of Israel when he defeats the innumerable hordes that make up the earthly attack forces of Gog, their “guard” and “head chieftain.”
DISPOSAL OF WAR EQUIPMENT AND DEAD BODIES
9. How does Jehovah indicate the vast quantity of war equipment used by Gog’s hordes on earth, and how will Jehovah’s people use the war relics?
9 Some idea of the vast war equipment that these hordes of people will have can be gained from how long it will take for the combustible parts of them to be disposed of. The long time needed for this Jehovah sets out in his next words: “‘Look! It must come and it must be brought to be,’ is the utterance of the Sovereign Lord Jehovah. ‘This is the day of which I have spoken. And the inhabitants of the cities of Israel will certainly go forth and burn and build fires with the armor and bucklers and large shields,—with the bows and with the arrows and with the handstaves and with the lances; and with them they will have to light fires seven years. And they will not carry sticks of wood from the field, nor will they gather firewood out of the forests, for with the armor they will light fires.’” (Ezekiel 39:8-10) After Jehovah’s victory his people will adapt the materials of any remaining war relics of the nations to useful purposes.
10. With what intent do Gog’s hordes attack the God-given spiritual estate, but how do matters turn out?
10 The innumerable hordes under Gog of Magog attacked the spiritual estate of Jehovah’s Christian witnesses with the intent to despoil them, but it proves to be just the opposite: “‘And they will certainly make spoil of those who had been making spoil of them, and plunder those who had been plundering them,’ is the utterance of the Sovereign Lord Jehovah.”—Ezekiel 39:10.
11, 12. What questions arise as to disposal of the bodies of “those slain by Jehovah,” and what arrangement does Jehovah say that he will make regarding Gog’s crowd?
11 As it were, the attack forces under Gog of Magog dig their own graves by attacking the God-given estate of Jehovah’s Christian witnesses on earth. But how will comparatively few survivors of the “war of the great day of God the Almighty” at Har–Magedon be able to bury “those slain by Jehovah” who will lie “in that day from one end of the earth clear to the other end of the earth”? (Jeremiah 25:33) And after those “birds of every sort of wing” and the “wild beasts of the field” satisfy themselves with feeding on the cadavers of Gog’s hordes, what will there be left to bury? But if there is anything left to bury, Jehovah will allow for it to the eternal shame of those losing their lives in Gog’s attack. We read:
12 “‘And it must occur in that day that I shall give to Gog a place there, a burial place in Israel, the valley of those passing through on the east of the sea, and it will be stopping up those passing through. And there they will have to bury Gog and all his crowd, and they will be certain to call it the Valley of Gog’s Crowd. And those of the house of Israel will have to bury them for the purpose of cleansing the land, for seven months. And all the people of the land will have to do the burying, and it will certainly become for them a matter of fame in the day that I glorify myself,’ is the utterance of the Sovereign Lord Jehovah.”—Ezekiel 39:11-13.
13. What is indicated by the fact that it takes so long to bury Gog’s crowd, and to what state will such burials bring this earth?
13 This is not to be understood as meaning that his Christian witnesses whom Jehovah preserves through the “great tribulation” upon this system of things will be gravediggers and corpse buriers for the opening seven months of the righteous new system of things upon this earth. Its taking so many months to bury Gog’s crowd is merely a picture to portray the vastness of the crowd of ungodly people who will perish in the destruction of this system of things, as well as the fewness of those whom Jehovah preserves alive on earth. Furthermore, as corpses were unclean in Israel, the burying of the corpses of Gog’s crowd results in cleansing the land and signifies that this earth will be purified from all defilement by the ungodly servants of Satan the Devil alias Gog. Nothing of them will be left to defile the “new earth.”—2 Peter 3:13.
14. What will be the case of the memory of those participants in Gog’s attack, and how will Jehovah’s preserving of his attacked Christian witnesses affect himself?
14 All memory of those God-defying participants in Gog’s attack will be as nauseating as the stink arising from the putrefying carcasses of Gog’s crowd—a stench so strong as to stop persons from going any farther and passing by. The Valley of Gog’s Crowd is pictured as being to the east of the Dead Sea, near where the enemy land of Moab used to be. (Ezekiel 25:8-11) It would become no shrine so that surviving friends and relatives of the slain would visit this cemetery on a Memorial Day to do honor to the memory of the heroic war dead. No hope of a resurrection is memorialized for the participants in Gog’s attack, cursed ungodly persons whom Jehovah executes on his day of judgment. (Matthew 25:31-33, 41-46) They have earned eternal infamy for themselves. Jehovah’s miraculous preserving of his Christian witnesses in the face of such a worldwide attack by overwhelmingly superior numbers will be eternally famous. By destroying their attackers, Gog’s crowd, Jehovah will glorify himself for all time.
15. How is the bringing of the “new earth” to a clean state portrayed by the operations of the “men for continual employment” who are divided off?
15 The “new earth” of human society under Jehovah’s Messianic kingdom of the heavens in the hands of “David my servant” must be perfectly clean of all traces of Gog’s crowd. To make a vivid picture of this, the “utterance of the Sovereign Lord Jehovah” goes on to say respecting the survivors of Gog’s attack: “And there will be men for continual employment whom they will divide off, passing along through the land, burying, with those passing through, those left remaining on the surface of the earth, in order to cleanse it. To the end of seven months they will keep making search. And those passing through must pass along through the land, and should one actually see the bone of a man he must also build beside it a marker, until those who do the burying will have buried it in the Valley of Gog’s Crowd. And the name of the city will also be Hamonah. And they will have to cleanse the land.”—Ezekiel 39:14-16.
16, 17. What does the city’s name Hamonah mean, by whom will it be inhabited, and why could it not picture a literal city by that name?
16 In the Hebrew language the name Valley of Gog’s Crowd is Gei-Hamon-Gog, and the city Hamonah (meaning “Crowd”) would be established by the Valley of Gog’s Crowd, to mark the burial place. Of course, the city Hamonah (“Crowd”) would not be inhabited by any member of Gog’s crowd of attackers. Also, the city’s name being just Hamonah (“Crowd”) would not honorably memorialize Gog’s name.
17 The city would be inhabited by the miraculously delivered survivors of Gog’s infamous attack. This reminds us of Proverbs 2:21, 22: “The upright are the ones that will reside in the earth, and the blameless are the ones that will be left over in it. As regards the wicked, they will be cut off from the very earth; and as for the treacherous, they will be torn away from it.” Gog’s attack taking place earth wide wherever the Christian witnesses of Jehovah are active, no literal city named Hamonah near the scene of their defeat could be reasonably erected. But the “new earth” organization of the surviving witnesses of Jehovah will be an organization of the living in stark contrast to dead hordes of Gog’s crowd.
SACRIFICIAL FEAST FOR BIRDS AND BEASTS
18, 19. To what “great sacrifice” does Jehovah invite all sorts of birds and wild beasts, and why is there a sense of retribution contained therein?
18 Among Gog’s crowd should be many hunters who have gunned down birds and wild animals wantonly for sheer sport or for greedy commercialism, like Nimrod of Babylon. (Genesis 10:8-10) There is likely a thought of retribution contained in Jehovah’s further words to his prophet Ezekiel: “And as regards you, O son of man, this is what the Sovereign Lord Jehovah has said, ‘Say to the birds of every sort of wing and to all the wild beasts of the field: “Collect yourselves together and come. Gather yourselves together all around to my sacrifice, which I am sacrificing for you, a great sacrifice on the mountains of Israel. And you will certainly eat flesh and drink blood. The flesh of mighty ones you will eat, and the blood of the chieftains of the earth you will drink, rams, young male sheep, and he-goats, young bulls, the fatlings of Bashan all of them. And you will be certain to eat fat to satisfaction and to drink blood to drunkenness, from my sacrifice that I will sacrifice for you.’”
19 “‘And you must get satisfied at my table on horses and charioteers, mighty persons and all sorts of warriors,’ is the utterance of the Sovereign Lord Jehovah.”—Ezekiel 39:17-20.
20. By the naming of those to be feasted upon by all whom Jehovah invites to his “great sacrifice,” Gog’s crowd includes whom, and whom does Revelation 19:17-21 also mention?
20 Gog’s crowd is thus said to include “chieftains” of the earth” who are likened to rams, he-goats, young bulls, that fattened on the fine pasture grounds of Bashan to the northeast of the Sea of Galilee; cavalrymen on horses, charioteers, “mighty persons and all sorts of warriors.” Suchlike ones in our modern day must fall by the edge of Jehovah’s “sword” of execution in the “war of the great day of God the Almighty” at Har–Magedon. The description of that war as set out in Revelation 19:17-21 speaks of kings, military commanders, horses and their riders, freemen and slaves, small ones and great, all of whom are to be slain, lie unburied and be feasted upon by scavenger birds.
21. Why was the feast as provided for the birds and wild beasts called by Jehovah a “sacrifice,” and what will thus being feasted upon spell for the executed ones of Gog’s crowd?
21 This feast for the birds of every sort and for the wild beasts is called a “sacrifice” by Jehovah, for sacrifices made to him in pre-Christian times called for the slaughter of animal and bird victims. Their blood has to flow. In Revelation 19:17 it is called “the great evening meal of God.” The offering of communion sacrifices or peace offerings to Jehovah used to be the occasion for feasting on part of the victim’s flesh by the offerer and his kinsmen. In the sacrificial feast that Jehovah spreads for the birds and wild beasts by his glorious victory over Gog’s crowd, Jehovah places no bar upon them against drinking the blood of the slain humans, a thing forbidden to human creatures from Noah’s day onward. (Genesis 9:1-4) This spells great reproach for the executed ones of Gog’s crowd. When, for instance, the scavenger dogs of Jezreel devoured the carcass of wicked Queen Jezebel, they left only some bones to be buried. (2 Kings 9:30-37) How much, then, will the birds and wild beasts leave of the carcasses of Gog’s crowd to be buried in the Valley of Gog’s Crowd? Bones?
22. Jehovah’s letting the slain lie exposed on the ground to be consumed by scavengers indicates what concerning their future, and how might Jehovah dispose of the surplus of dead bodies?
22 The fact that Jehovah leaves the bodies of those slain at the defeat of Gog’s attack lying exposed on the ground for birds and wild beasts to gorge themselves upon symbolizes that they will not be laid in respected memorial tombs in hope of a resurrection for them. The unburied dead, “those slain by Jehovah,” will be so enormously many that even the carrion birds and scavenging wild beasts could never take care of their consumption. The burial of even what remains after these lower creatures have their fill would be stupendous. Doubtless the Almighty God will use some highly scientific means, whether including antimatter or not, to dispose of the surplus of decaying bodies in a speedy and sanitary way. This remains for the survivors of the “war of the great day” to see and witness. We remember that Noah and his seven fellow survivors of the global Deluge were not burdened with burying the human victims of that world catastrophe after they came out of the ark and renewed Jehovah’s worship on earth.—Genesis 8:18-22.
23. How might some react at the thought of such an end to Gog’s attack, and yet what is to be expected concerning this prophecy?
23 ‘How horrible all this!’ Should that be our reaction of mind toward this prophecy of the disastrous defeat of Gog’s dastardly attack upon the only remaining peaceful worshiper of Jehovah on earth at the end of this violent system of things? Not rightly so! No matter how terrible it may seem to people who as a community took part in gory world wars Nos. I and II, Jehovah has spoken it prophetically, and that means it will be sure to come to pass.
24. Hence, what should we consider with regard to our present course of action, and what are the benefits and the thing of supreme importance that we should not overlook in this connection?
24 Since we must face it in the oncoming future, we do well to consider whether our present line of action will in due time put us within the rank of Gog’s crowd in defiance of Jehovah. Let us not overlook the everlasting benefit that will come to the race of mankind by the annihilation of Gog’s crowd and the doing away with of the threat-filled “land of Magog.” Especially, let us take into account the everlasting vindication that it will bring to Jehovah’s universal sovereignty and sacred name. This thing of supreme importance he calls to our consciousness, saying:
25. How will the nations have their misunderstanding corrected as to why Jehovah let the house of Israel go through such hard experiences?
25 “And I will set my glory among the nations; and all the nations will have to see my judgment that I have executed and my hand that I have placed among them. And those of the house of Israel will have to know that I am Jehovah, their God from that day forward. And the nations will have to know that it was because of their error that they, the house of Israel, went into exile, on account of the fact that they behaved unfaithfully toward me, so that I concealed my face from them and gave them into the hand of their adversaries, and they kept falling, all of them, by the sword. According to their uncleanness and according to their transgressions I did with them, and I kept concealing my face from them.”—Ezekiel 39:21-24.
CORRECTING WRONG CONCLUSIONS DRAWN BY NATIONS
26. How will Jehovah make his protective power glorious, to whom will He show his hand, and what wrong conclusions as to why His people suffered mistreatment by the nations will be corrected?
26 Consequently, what Jehovah does to the embattled Gog’s crowd will be no disgrace to Him. His protective power over his restored people will then become glorious, and the nations under Gog will be made to see it. He will show them his “hand,” and it will be all-powerful; and they will feel it when he places it down among them. The nations formed wrong conclusions because Jehovah’s Christian witnesses appeared to have no divine protection when they were persecuted during World War I and came under temporary bondage to Babylon the Great. They mistook this to mean that the God of these witnesses was no God or that he was too weak to protect and deliver his witnesses from the hands of the nations who worshiped gods different from Jehovah. The nations did not appreciate that Jehovah was merely disciplining his people for their shortcomings and lack of faith, their error, uncleanness and transgressions even if of an unwitting kind. Hence he concealed his face of favor and approval from them and let the “hand of their adversaries” take hold of them and mistreat them.
27. Have the nations had to wait till Gog’s attack to see that Jehovah has turned his face toward his people?
27 The nations do not need to wait until Jehovah performs his magnificent deliverance of his people from Gog’s attack. Before then they have had proof that he had turned his face of favor toward his repentant people and was showing supernatural power toward them. Because of the wrong conclusions drawn by the nations concerning Jehovah’s disciplining of his people, then in exile in Babylon, he stated his purpose to the prophet Ezekiel as follows:
28. How did Jehovah then say that he would show jealousy for his name and sanctify himself with respect to the “house of Israel” even before Gog’s attack?
28 “Therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord Jehovah has said, ‘Now is when I shall bring back the captive ones of Jacob and actually have mercy upon all the house of Israel; and I will show exclusive devotion for my holy name. And they will have borne their humiliation and all their unfaithfulness with which they have acted toward me, when they dwell on their soil in security, with no one to make them tremble. When I bring them back from the peoples and I actually collect them together out of the lands of their enemies, I will also sanctify myself among them before the eyes of many nations.’”—Ezekiel 39:25-27.
29. How did Jehovah show jealousy for his name in 1919 C.E., and how did he make it manifest before the eyes of the nations that he was sanctifying himself among the remnant of spiritual Israel?
29 As with ancient Israel in the year 537 B.C.E., so Jehovah showed that he had jealousy or exclusive devotion for his holy name in the year 1919 C.E. How? In that first postwar year of this “time of the end” he liberated them from their bondage to Babylon the Great and her political and military paramours. After that the holiness of Jehovah became plainer and plainer to the restored remnant of spiritual Israel, so that they appreciated that this called for greater religious and moral cleanness on their part and more clear-cut separation of them from this unholy world. Inasmuch as Jehovah caused this by the greater unfolding of his Holy Bible to them and the operation of his holy spirit upon them, he sanctified himself among these obedient spiritual Israelites while the eyes of the many nations among whom they preached the good news of God’s kingdom looked on. To such nations it should then have become manifest that the God of these spiritual Israelites was at work among them in a holy way.
30. Who on earth should already know that Jehovah stands for no compromise or defilement with this world, and how did He say to Ezekiel that he would bring about this knowledge?
30 Even now, before his wondrous vindication of his universal sovereignty upon the attacking hordes of Gog occurs, the nations should have come to know that Jehovah, the God of the remnant of spiritual Israel, is a living God, a God who is jealous for his name and who stands for no compromise and defilement with this unclean world. Jehovah’s Christian witnesses have come to know this already, just as their God foretold through Ezekiel, saying: “‘And they will have to know that I am Jehovah, their God, when I send them in exile to the nations and actually bring them together upon their soil, so that I shall leave none of them remaining there any longer. And I shall no longer conceal my face from them, because I will pour out my spirit upon the house of Israel,’ is the utterance of the Sovereign Lord Jehovah.”—Ezekiel 39:28, 29.
31. How is it evident that he no longer conceals his face from spiritual Israel, and what shows that he has poured out his spirit upon them?
31 Today, more than half a century after their liberation from Babylon the Great in 1919 C.E., the anointed remnant of spiritual Israel appreciate the freedom that they enjoy in their spiritual estate to which Jehovah has restored them. They rejoice to overflowing at the condition like that of the “garden of Eden” to which their spiritual estate has been rehabilitated. They jubilate in that the one whom Jehovah calls “my servant David” is their heavenly Shepherd-King. As he instructed them to do, they have prayed for more of the spirit of Jehovah their God, and this prayer has been abundantly answered. He has poured out his spirit upon these spiritual Israelites. This is notably evident from the “fruitage” of Jehovah’s spirit, namely, the qualities of a godly personality like that of Jesus Christ. (Luke 11:13; Galatians 5:22, 23; Ephesians 4:20-24) Because he has thus dealt so mercifully and lovingly just as he foretold by His prophets, they know that he is Jehovah their God. They have now been gathered in worldwide Christian unity, bound together by love, that fruit of God’s spirit which is “a perfect bond of union.”—Colossians 3:14.
32. Who have accepted the message of God’s kingdom preached by the spiritual Israelites, where do they now reside, and to whose victory do they joyfully look forward?
32 Accepting the message of God’s Messianic kingdom that these spiritual Israelites proclaim under God’s spirit, a “great crowd” of sheeplike seekers of the true God have come out of all nations and taken up residence with them in their spiritual Paradise. There they are worshiping the same God, Jehovah, under His Shepherd-King, Jesus Christ. (Revelation 7:9-17; Matthew 25:31-40, 46; John 10:16) Forewarned, they await together the coming attack by Gog of Magog and his international hordes. Full of faith, they joyfully look forward to Jehovah’s resounding victory over that wicked enemy Gog for the vindication of Jehovah’s sovereignty and of his holy name. |
Bible Stories (my)
2004 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/my | Study Questions for My Book of Bible Stories
Story 1
God Begins to Make Things
Where have all good things come from, and can you give an example?
What was the first thing God created?
Why was the first angel special?
Describe what the earth was like in the beginning. (See picture.)
How did God start getting the earth ready for animals and people?
Additional questions:
Read Jeremiah 10:12.
What qualities of God are shown through his creation? (Isa. 40:26; Rom. 11:33)
Read Colossians 1:15-17.
What part did Jesus play in creation, and how should this affect our view of him? (Col. 1:15-17)
Read Genesis 1:1-10.
What is the origin of the earth? (Gen. 1:1)
What happened on the first creative day? (Gen. 1:3-5)
Describe what happened during the second creative day. (Gen. 1:7, 8)
Story 2
A Beautiful Garden
How did God prepare the earth to be our home?
Describe the great variety of animals that God made. (See picture.)
Why was the garden of Eden special?
What did God want the whole earth to become?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 1:11-25.
What did God create during the third creative day? (Gen. 1:12)
What occurred during the fourth creative day? (Gen. 1:16)
What kinds of animals did God make on the fifth and sixth days? (Gen. 1:20, 21, 25)
Read Genesis 2:8, 9.
What two special trees did God place in the garden, and what did they symbolize?
Story 3
The First Man and Woman
How is the picture in Story 3 different from the picture in Story 2?
Who made the first man, and what was the man’s name?
What work did God give Adam to do?
Why did God make Adam fall into a deep sleep?
How long could Adam and Eve live, and what work did Jehovah want them to do?
Additional questions:
Read Psalm 83:18.
What is God’s name, and what is his unique position over the earth? (Jer. 16:21; Dan. 4:17)
Read Genesis 1:26-31.
What was the climax of God’s creation on the sixth day, and how was this creation different from the animals? (Gen. 1:26)
What provision did Jehovah make for both man and animals? (Gen. 1:30)
Read Genesis 2:7-25.
What was involved in Adam’s assignment to name the animals? (Gen. 2:19)
How does Genesis 2:24 help us to understand Jehovah’s view of marriage, separation, and divorce? (Matt. 19:4-6, 9)
Story 4
Why They Lost Their Home
In the picture, what is happening to Adam and Eve?
Why did Jehovah punish them?
What did a snake tell Eve?
Who made the snake speak to Eve?
Why did Adam and Eve lose their Paradise home?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 2:16, 17 and 3:1-13, 24.
How did the serpent’s question to Eve misrepresent Jehovah? (Gen. 3:1-5; 1 John 5:3)
How does Eve serve as a warning example to us? (Phil. 4:8; Jas. 1:14, 15; 1 John 2:16)
In what way did Adam and Eve fail to accept responsibility for their actions? (Gen. 3:12, 13)
How did the cherubs posted at the east of the garden of Eden uphold Jehovah’s sovereignty? (Gen. 3:24)
Read Revelation 12:9.
How successful has Satan been at turning humankind against God’s rulership? (1 John 5:19)
Story 5
A Hard Life Begins
What was life like for Adam and Eve outside the garden of Eden?
What started to happen to Adam and Eve, and why?
Why would Adam and Eve’s children grow old and die?
If Adam and Eve had obeyed Jehovah, what would life have been like for them and their children?
How did Eve’s disobedience cause her pain?
What were the names of Adam and Eve’s first two sons?
Who are the other children in the picture?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 3:16-23 and 4:1, 2.
How was Adam’s life affected by the curse on the ground? (Gen. 3:17-19; Rom. 8:20, 22)
Why was the name Eve, meaning “Living One,” appropriate? (Gen. 3:20)
How did Jehovah show consideration for Adam and Eve even after they sinned? (Gen. 3:7, 21)
Read Revelation 21:3, 4.
What “former things” do you look forward to seeing eliminated?
Story 6
A Good Son, and a Bad One
What occupations do Cain and Abel take up?
What gifts do Cain and Abel bring to Jehovah?
Why is Jehovah pleased with Abel’s gift, and why is he not pleased with Cain’s?
What kind of person is Cain, and how does Jehovah try to correct him?
What does Cain do when he is alone with his brother in the field?
Explain what happened to Cain after he killed his brother.
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 4:2-26.
How did Jehovah describe the dangerous position that Cain was in? (Gen. 4:7)
How did Cain reveal his heart attitude? (Gen. 4:9)
What is Jehovah’s view of shedding innocent blood? (Gen. 4:10; Isa. 26:21)
Read 1 John 3:11, 12.
Why did Cain grow hot with anger, and how does this serve as a warning to us today? (Gen. 4:4, 5; Prov. 14:30; 28:22)
How does the Bible show that even when all our family members oppose Jehovah, we can still maintain our integrity? (Ps. 27:10; Matt. 10:21, 22)
Read John 11:25.
What assurance does Jehovah give regarding all who die for righteousness’ sake? (John 5:24)
Story 7
A Brave Man
How was Enoch different?
Why did people in Enoch’s day do so many bad things?
What bad things were people doing? (See picture.)
Why did Enoch need to be brave?
How long did men live back then, but how long did Enoch live?
What happened after Enoch died?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 5:21-24, 27.
What kind of relationship did Enoch have with Jehovah? (Gen. 5:24)
According to the Bible, who is the oldest man who ever lived, and how old was he when he died? (Gen. 5:27)
Read Genesis 6:5.
How bad did conditions on the earth become after Enoch’s death, and how does this compare with our day? (2 Tim. 3:13)
Read Hebrews 11:5.
What quality of Enoch “pleased God well,” and with what result? (Gen. 5:22)
Read Jude 14, 15.
How can Christians today imitate Enoch’s courage when warning people about the coming battle of Armageddon? (2 Tim. 4:2; Heb. 13:6)
Story 8
Giants in the Earth
What happened when some of God’s angels listened to Satan?
Why did some angels stop their work in heaven and come down to the earth?
Why was it wrong for the angels to come down to the earth and make human bodies for themselves?
What was different about the children of the angels?
As you can see in the picture, what did the children of the angels do when they became giants?
After Enoch, what good man lived on earth, and why did God like him?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 6:1-8.
What does Genesis 6:6 reveal about how our conduct can affect Jehovah’s feelings? (Ps. 78:40, 41; Prov. 27:11)
Read Jude 6.
How do the angels that “did not keep their original position” in Noah’s day serve as a reminder to us today? (1 Cor. 3:5-9; 2 Pet. 2:4, 9, 10)
Story 9
Noah Builds an Ark
How many were in Noah’s family, and what were the names of his three sons?
What unusual thing did God ask Noah to do, and why?
How did Noah’s neighbors react when he told them about the ark?
What did God tell Noah to do with the animals?
After God shut the door of the ark, what did Noah and his family have to do?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 6:9-22.
What made Noah an outstanding worshiper of the true God? (Gen. 6:9, 22)
How does Jehovah feel about violence, and how should this affect our choice of entertainment? (Gen. 6:11, 12; Ps. 11:5)
How can we imitate Noah when we receive direction through Jehovah’s organization? (Gen. 6:22; 1 John 5:3)
Read Genesis 7:1-9.
How does the fact that Jehovah viewed the imperfect man Noah as being righteous encourage us today? (Gen. 7:1; Prov. 10:16; Isa. 26:7)
Story 10
The Great Flood
Why could no one get inside the ark once the rain started?
For how many days and nights did Jehovah make it rain, and how deep did the water get?
What happened to the ark as the water started to cover the earth?
Did the giants survive the Flood, and what became of the giants’ fathers?
What happened to the ark after five months?
Why did Noah let a raven out of the ark?
How did Noah know that the waters on the earth had gone down?
What did God say to Noah after he and his family had been in the ark more than one year?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 7:10-24.
How complete was the destruction of life on the earth? (Gen. 7:23)
How long did it take for the Flood waters to go down? (Gen. 7:24)
Read Genesis 8:1-17.
How does Genesis 8:17 show that Jehovah’s original purpose for the earth did not change? (Gen. 1:22)
Read 1 Peter 3:19, 20.
When the rebellious angels returned to heaven, what judgment did they receive? (Jude 6)
How does the account of Noah and his family strengthen our confidence in Jehovah’s ability to deliver his people? (2 Pet. 2:9)
Story 11
The First Rainbow
As shown in the picture, what did Noah do when he first came out of the ark?
What command did God give Noah and his family after the Flood?
What promise did God make?
When we see a rainbow, of what should it remind us?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 8:18-22.
How can we today provide “a restful odor” to Jehovah? (Gen. 8:21; Heb. 13:15, 16)
What observation did Jehovah make about man’s heart condition, and what caution should we therefore exercise? (Gen. 8:21; Matt. 15:18, 19)
Read Genesis 9:9-17.
What covenant did Jehovah make with all of earth’s creatures? (Gen. 9:10, 11)
How long will the rainbow covenant remain in effect? (Gen. 9:16)
Story 12
Men Build a Big Tower
Who was Nimrod, and how did God feel about him?
In the picture, why were people making bricks?
Why was Jehovah not pleased with the building work?
How did God stop the building of the tower?
What was the city called, and what did that name mean?
What happened to the people after God confused their languages?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 10:1, 8-10.
What characteristics did Nimrod display, and what warning does this provide for us? (Prov. 3:31)
Read Genesis 11:1-9.
What was the motive behind the building of the tower, and why was the project doomed to failure? (Gen. 11:4; Prov. 16:18; John 5:44)
Story 13
Abraham—A Friend of God
What kind of people lived in the city of Ur?
Who is the man in the picture, when was he born, and where did he live?
What did God tell Abraham to do?
Why was Abraham called God’s friend?
Who went with Abraham when he left Ur?
What did God tell Abraham when he got to the land of Canaan?
What promise did God make to Abraham when he was 99 years old?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 11:27-32.
How were Abraham and Lot related? (Gen. 11:27)
Although Terah was credited with moving his family toward Canaan, how do we know that it was actually Abraham who initiated this move, and why did he do so? (Gen. 11:31; Acts 7:2-4)
Read Genesis 12:1-7.
What enlargement of the Abrahamic covenant did Jehovah make after Abraham reached the land of Canaan? (Gen. 12:7)
Read Genesis 17:1-8, 15-17.
What change in name did Abram receive when he was 99 years old, and why? (Gen. 17:5)
What future blessings did Jehovah promise to Sarah? (Gen. 17:15, 16)
Read Genesis 18:9-19.
At Genesis 18:19, what responsibilities are set out for fathers? (Deut. 6:6, 7; Eph. 6:4)
What experience of Sarah shows that we cannot hide anything from Jehovah? (Gen. 18:12, 15; Ps. 44:21)
Story 14
God Tests Abraham’s Faith
What promise did God make to Abraham, and how did God keep his promise?
As shown in the picture, how did God test Abraham’s faith?
What did Abraham do, even though he did not understand the reason for God’s command?
What happened when Abraham took out the knife to kill his son?
How strong was Abraham’s faith in God?
What did God provide for Abraham to sacrifice, and how?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 21:1-7.
Why did Abraham circumcise his son on the eighth day? (Gen. 17:10-12; 21:4)
Read Genesis 22:1-18.
How did Isaac show submission to his father, Abraham, and how did this prefigure a future event of greater significance? (Gen. 22:7-9; 1 Cor. 5:7; Phil. 2:8, 9)
Story 15
Lot’s Wife Looked Back
Why did Abraham and Lot separate?
Why did Lot choose to live in Sodom?
What were the people of Sodom like?
What warning did two angels give Lot?
Why did Lot’s wife become a pillar of salt?
What lesson can we learn from the case of Lot’s wife?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 13:5-13.
In regard to resolving problems between individuals, what lesson can we learn from Abraham? (Gen. 13:8, 9; Rom. 12:10; Phil. 2:3, 4)
Read Genesis 18:20-33.
How do Jehovah’s dealings with Abraham give us confidence that Jehovah and Jesus will judge righteously? (Gen. 18:25, 26; Matt. 25:31-33)
Read Genesis 19:1-29.
What does this Bible account show regarding God’s view of homosexuality? (Gen. 19:5, 13; Lev. 20:13)
What difference do we find in the ways that Lot and Abraham responded to God’s direction, and what can we learn from this? (Gen. 19:15, 16, 19, 20; 22:3)
Read Luke 17:28-32.
What heart attitude did Lot’s wife have toward material things, and how does this serve as a warning to us? (Luke 12:15; 17:31, 32; Matt. 6:19-21, 25)
Read 2 Peter 2:6-8.
In imitation of Lot, what should be our attitude toward the ungodly world around us? (Ezek. 9:4; 1 John 2:15-17)
Story 16
Isaac Gets a Good Wife
Who are the man and the woman in the picture?
What did Abraham do to get a wife for his son, and why?
How was the prayer of Abraham’s servant answered?
What answer did Rebekah give when she was asked if she wanted to marry Isaac?
What made Isaac happy again?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 24:1-67.
What fine qualities did Rebekah display when she met Abraham’s servant at the well? (Gen. 24:17-20; Prov. 31:17, 31)
Abraham’s arrangement for Isaac provides what fine example for Christians today? (Gen. 24:37, 38; 1 Cor. 7:39; 2 Cor. 6:14)
Why should we find time for meditation, just as Isaac did? (Gen. 24:63; Ps. 77:12; Phil. 4:8)
Story 17
Twins Who Were Different
Who were Esau and Jacob, and how were they different?
How old were Esau and Jacob when their grandfather Abraham died?
What did Esau do that made his mother and father very sad?
Why did Esau get very angry with his brother, Jacob?
What instruction did Isaac give to his son Jacob?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 25:5-11, 20-34.
What did Jehovah prophesy regarding Rebekah’s two sons? (Gen. 25:23)
What contrast was there between Jacob’s and Esau’s attitude toward the birthright? (Gen. 25:31-34)
Read Genesis 26:34, 35; 27:1-46; and 28:1-5.
How was Esau’s lack of appreciation for spiritual things evident? (Gen. 26:34, 35; 27:46)
In order for Jacob to receive God’s blessing, what did Isaac tell him to do? (Gen. 28:1-4)
Read Hebrews 12:16, 17.
What does Esau’s example demonstrate as to the outcome of those who despise sacred things?
Story 18
Jacob Goes to Haran
Who is the young woman in the picture, and what did Jacob do for her?
What was Jacob willing to do in order to marry Rachel?
What did Laban do when the time came for Jacob’s marriage to Rachel?
What did Jacob agree to do to get Rachel as his wife?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 29:1-30.
Even when Laban tricked him, how did Jacob show himself to be honorable, and what can we learn from this? (Gen. 25:27; 29:26-28; Matt. 5:37)
How does Jacob’s example show the difference between love and infatuation? (Gen. 29:18, 20, 30; Song of Sol. 8:6)
What four women became part of Jacob’s household and later bore him sons? (Gen. 29:23, 24, 28, 29)
Story 19
Jacob Has a Big Family
What were the names of the six sons Jacob had by his first wife, Leah?
What two sons did Leah’s maidservant Zilpah bear to Jacob?
What were the names of the two sons Rachel’s maidservant Bilhah bore to Jacob?
What two sons did Rachel bear, but what happened when the second son was born?
According to the picture, how many sons did Jacob have, and what came from them?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 29:32-35; 30:1-26; and 35:16-19.
As indicated in the case of Jacob’s 12 sons, how were Hebrew boys often named in ancient times?
Read Genesis 37:35.
Although only Dinah is named in the Bible, how do we know that Jacob had more than one daughter? (Gen. 37:34, 35)
Story 20
Dinah Gets Into Trouble
Why did Abraham and Isaac not want their children to marry people from the land of Canaan?
Did Jacob approve of his daughter’s making friends with Canaanite girls?
Who is the man looking at Dinah in the picture, and what bad thing did he do?
What did Dinah’s brothers Simeon and Levi do when they heard about what had happened?
Did Jacob agree with what Simeon and Levi had done?
How did all the family trouble get started?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 34:1-31.
Was Dinah’s association with the daughters of the land of Canaan an isolated incident? Explain. (Gen. 34:1)
Why did Dinah bear a measure of responsibility for losing her virginity? (Gal. 6:7)
How can young ones today show that they have taken to heart the warning example of Dinah? (Prov. 13:20; 1 Cor. 15:33; 1 John 5:19)
Story 21
Joseph’s Brothers Hate Him
Why were Joseph’s brothers jealous of him, and what did they do?
What do Joseph’s brothers want to do to him, but what does Reuben say?
What happens when Ishmaelite traders come along?
What do Joseph’s brothers do to make their father think that Joseph is dead?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 37:1-35.
How can Christians imitate Joseph’s example by reporting wrongdoing in the congregation? (Gen. 37:2; Lev. 5:1; 1 Cor. 1:11)
What led Joseph’s brothers to deal treacherously with him? (Gen. 37:11, 18; Prov. 27:4; Jas. 3:14-16)
What action by Jacob is a normal part of grieving? (Gen. 37:35)
Story 22
Joseph Is Put Into Prison
How old is Joseph when he is taken to Egypt, and what happens when he gets there?
How does Joseph end up in prison?
What responsibility is Joseph given in the prison?
In prison, what does Joseph do for Pharaoh’s cupbearer and baker?
What happens after the cupbearer is released from prison?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 39:1-23.
Since there was no written law from God that condemned adultery in Joseph’s day, what compelled him to flee from Potiphar’s wife? (Gen. 2:24; 20:3; 39:9)
Read Genesis 40:1-23.
Briefly describe the cupbearer’s dream and the interpretation that Jehovah gave to Joseph. (Gen. 40:9-13)
What dream did the baker have, and what did it mean? (Gen. 40:16-19)
How has the faithful and discreet slave class today imitated Joseph’s attitude? (Gen. 40:8; Ps. 36:9; John 17:17; Acts 17:2, 3)
How does Genesis 40:20 shed light on the Christian view of birthday celebrations? (Eccl. 7:1; Mark 6:21-28)
Story 23
Pharaoh’s Dreams
What happens to Pharaoh one night?
Why does the cupbearer finally remember Joseph?
As shown in the picture, what two dreams does Pharaoh have?
What does Joseph say the dreams mean?
How does Joseph become the most important man in Egypt next to Pharaoh?
Why do Joseph’s brothers come to Egypt, and why do they not recognize him?
What dream does Joseph remember, and what does it help him to understand?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 41:1-57.
How did Joseph direct attention to Jehovah, and in what way can Christians today imitate his example? (Gen. 41:16, 25, 28; Matt. 5:16; 1 Pet. 2:12)
How do the years of plenty in Egypt followed by the years of famine accurately contrast the spiritual condition of Jehovah’s people today with that of Christendom? (Gen. 41:29, 30; Amos 8:11, 12)
Read Genesis 42:1-8 and 50:20.
Is it wrong for worshipers of Jehovah to bow before a man out of honor and respect for his position if that is the custom of the land? (Gen. 42:6)
Story 24
Joseph Tests His Brothers
Why does Joseph accuse his brothers of being spies?
Why does Jacob let his youngest son, Benjamin, go to Egypt?
How does Joseph’s silver cup get into Benjamin’s bag?
What does Judah offer to do to gain Benjamin’s release?
How have Joseph’s brothers changed?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 42:9-38.
How is Joseph’s expression at Genesis 42:18 a fine reminder to those with responsibility in Jehovah’s organization today? (Neh. 5:15; 2 Cor. 7:1, 2)
Read Genesis 43:1-34.
Although Reuben was the firstborn, how is it evident that Judah became the spokesman for his brothers? (Gen. 43:3, 8, 9; 44:14, 18; 1 Chron. 5:2)
How did Joseph evidently test his brothers, and why? (Gen. 43:33, 34)
Read Genesis 44:1-34.
As part of the ruse to hide his identity from his brothers, how did Joseph represent himself? (Gen. 44:5, 15; Lev. 19:26)
How did Joseph’s brothers show that the envious spirit they formerly had toward their brother was now gone? (Gen. 44:13, 33, 34)
Story 25
The Family Moves to Egypt
What happens when Joseph tells his brothers who he is?
What does Joseph kindly explain to his brothers?
What does Pharaoh say when he hears about Joseph’s brothers?
How big was Jacob’s family when they moved to Egypt?
What did Jacob’s family come to be called, and why?
Additional questions:
Read Genesis 45:1-28.
How does the Bible account of Joseph show that Jehovah can turn what is intended to harm his servants into a good result? (Gen. 45:5-8; Isa. 8:10; Phil. 1:12-14)
Read Genesis 46:1-27.
What reassurance did Jehovah give Jacob on his way to Egypt? (Gen. 46:1-4, ftn.)
Story 26
Job Is Faithful to God
Who was Job?
What did Satan try to do, but did he succeed?
What did Jehovah give Satan permission to do, and why?
Why did Job’s wife tell him to “curse God and die”? (See picture.)
As you can see from the second picture, how did Jehovah bless Job, and why?
If we, like Job, are faithful to Jehovah, what blessings will we receive?
Additional questions:
Read Job 1:1-22.
How can Christians today imitate Job? (Job 1:1; Phil. 2:15; 2 Pet. 3:14)
Read Job 2:1-13.
In what two contrasting ways did Job and his wife respond to Satan’s persecution? (Job 2:9, 10; Prov. 19:3; Mic. 7:7; Mal. 3:14)
Read Job 42:10-17.
What similarities are there between the reward that Job received and what Jesus received for a faithful life course? (Job 42:12; Phil. 2:9-11)
How are we encouraged by the blessings that Job received for maintaining his integrity to God? (Job 42:10, 12; Heb. 6:10; Jas. 1:2-4, 12; 5:11)
Story 27
A Bad King Rules Egypt
In the picture, who is the man with the whip, and who is he beating?
After Joseph died, what happened to the Israelites?
Why did the Egyptians become afraid of the Israelites?
What command did Pharaoh give to the women who helped the Israelite women give birth?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 1:6-22.
In what way did Jehovah begin to fulfill his promise to Abraham? (Ex. 1:7; Gen. 12:2; Acts 7:17)
How did the Hebrew midwives show respect for the sanctity of life? (Ex. 1:17; Gen. 9:6)
How were the midwives rewarded for their faithfulness to Jehovah? (Ex. 1:20, 21; Prov. 19:17)
How did Satan attempt to thwart Jehovah’s purpose regarding the promised Seed of Abraham? (Ex. 1:22; Matt. 2:16)
Story 28
How Baby Moses Was Saved
Who is the baby in the picture, and whose finger is he holding?
What did Moses’ mother do to save him from being killed?
Who is the little girl in the picture, and what did she do?
When Pharaoh’s daughter found the baby, what did Miriam suggest?
What did the princess say to Moses’ mother?
Additional question:
Read Exodus 2:1-10.
What opportunity did Moses’ mother have to train and teach Moses during infancy, and what example does this provide for parents today? (Ex. 2:9, 10; Deut. 6:6-9; Prov. 22:6; Eph. 6:4; 2 Tim. 3:15)
Story 29
Why Moses Ran Away
Where did Moses grow up, but what did he know about his parents?
What did Moses do when he was 40 years old?
What did Moses say to an Israelite man who was fighting, and what answer did the man give?
Why did Moses run away from Egypt?
Where did Moses run away to, and whom did he meet there?
What did Moses do during the 40 years after he fled Egypt?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 2:11-25.
Despite years of education in the wisdom of the Egyptians, how did Moses show his loyalty to Jehovah and to his people? (Ex. 2:11, 12; Heb. 11:24)
Read Acts 7:22-29.
What lesson can we learn from Moses’ trying to rescue Israel from Egyptian bondage by himself? (Acts 7:23-25; 1 Pet. 5:6, 10)
Story 30
The Burning Bush
What is the name of the mountain in the picture?
Describe the unusual thing that Moses saw when he went to the mountain with his sheep.
What did a voice say from the burning bush, and whose voice was it?
How did Moses answer when God told him that he would lead God’s people out of Egypt?
What did God tell Moses to say if the people asked who sent him?
How would Moses be able to prove that God had sent him?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 3:1-22.
How does Moses’ experience give us confidence that even if we feel unqualified to fulfill a theocratic assignment, Jehovah will back us up? (Ex. 3:11, 13; 2 Cor. 3:5, 6)
Read Exodus 4:1-20.
What change in Moses’ attitude occurred during the 40 years he spent in Midian, and what lesson can those reaching out for congregation privileges learn from this? (Ex. 2:11, 12; 4:10, 13; Mic. 6:8; 1 Tim. 3:1, 6, 10)
Even if we are disciplined by Jehovah through his organization, what confidence can Moses’ example give us? (Ex. 4:12-14; Ps. 103:14; Heb. 12:4-11)
Story 31
Moses and Aaron See Pharaoh
What effect did the miracles that Moses and Aaron performed have on the Israelites?
What did Moses and Aaron tell Pharaoh, and what was Pharaoh’s answer?
As shown in the picture, what happened when Aaron threw down his stick?
How did Jehovah teach Pharaoh a lesson, and how did Pharaoh respond?
What happened after the tenth plague?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 4:27-31 and 5:1-23.
What did Pharaoh mean when he said: “I do not know Jehovah at all”? (Ex. 5:2; 1 Sam. 2:12; Rom. 1:21)
Read Exodus 6:1-13, 26-30.
In what sense did Jehovah not make himself known to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob? (Ex. 3:13, 14; 6:3; Gen. 12:8)
How does it make us feel to know that Jehovah still used Moses, even though Moses felt unqualified for his assigned task? (Ex. 6:12, 30; Luke 21:13-15)
Read Exodus 7:1-13.
When Moses and Aaron courageously delivered Jehovah’s judgments to Pharaoh, what pattern did they set for God’s servants today? (Ex. 7:2, 3, 6; Acts 4:29-31)
How did Jehovah show his supremacy over Egypt’s gods? (Ex. 7:12; 1 Chron. 29:12)
Story 32
The Ten Plagues
Using the pictures shown here, describe the first three plagues that Jehovah brought on Egypt.
What was the difference between the first three plagues and the rest of the plagues?
What were the fourth, fifth, and sixth plagues?
Describe plagues seven, eight, and nine.
What did Jehovah tell the Israelites to do before the tenth plague?
What was the tenth plague, and what happened after it?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 7:19–8:23.
Even though Egypt’s magic-practicing priests were able to duplicate Jehovah’s first two plagues, what were they forced to admit after the third plague? (Ex. 8:18, 19; Matt. 12:24-28)
How did the fourth plague demonstrate Jehovah’s ability to protect his people, and how does knowing this make God’s people feel as they face the foretold “great tribulation”? (Ex. 8:22, 23; Rev. 7:13, 14; 2 Chron. 16:9)
Read Exodus 8:24; 9:3, 6, 10, 11, 14, 16, 23-25; and 10:13-15, 21-23.
What two groups were exposed by the Ten Plagues, and how does this affect our view of those groups today? (Ex. 8:10, 18, 19; 9:14)
How does Exodus 9:16 help us to understand why Jehovah has allowed Satan to remain until now? (Rom. 9:21, 22)
Read Exodus 12:21-32.
How did the Passover make salvation possible for many, and to what did the Passover point? (Ex. 12:21-23; John 1:29; Rom. 5:18, 19, 21; 1 Cor. 5:7)
Story 33
Crossing the Red Sea
How many Israelite men, along with women and children, left Egypt, and who left with them?
How did Pharaoh feel after he let the Israelites go, and what did he do?
What did Jehovah do to stop the Egyptians from attacking his people?
What happened when Moses stretched out his stick over the Red Sea, and what did the Israelites do?
What happened when the Egyptians rushed into the sea after the Israelites?
How did the Israelites show that they were happy and thankful to Jehovah that they had been saved?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 12:33-36.
How did Jehovah see to it that his people were repaid for all their years of slavery under the Egyptians? (Ex. 3:21, 22; 12:35, 36)
Read Exodus 14:1-31.
How do Moses’ words recorded at Exodus 14:13, 14 affect Jehovah’s servants today as they face the coming battle of Armageddon? (2 Chron. 20:17; Ps. 91:8)
Read Exodus 15:1-8, 20, 21.
Why should Jehovah’s servants sing praises to him? (Ex. 15:1, 2; Ps. 105:2, 3; Rev. 15:3, 4)
What example in praising Jehovah did Miriam and the women at the Red Sea set for Christian women today? (Ex. 15:20, 21; Ps. 68:11)
Story 34
A New Kind of Food
In the picture, what are the people picking up off the ground, and what is it called?
What instruction does Moses give the people about picking up the manna?
What does Jehovah tell the people to do on the sixth day, and why?
What miracle does Jehovah perform when the manna is kept over to the seventh day?
For how long does Jehovah feed the people manna?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 16:1-36 and Numbers 11:7-9.
What does Exodus 16:8 show regarding the need for us to respect theocratic appointments in the Christian congregation? (Heb. 13:17)
In the wilderness, how were the Israelites reminded daily of their dependence on Jehovah? (Ex. 16:14-16, 35; Deut. 8:2, 3)
What symbolic meaning did Jesus give to the manna, and how do we benefit from this “bread from heaven”? (John 6:31-35, 40)
Read Joshua 5:10-12.
For how many years did the Israelites eat manna, how did this test them, and what can we learn from this account? (Ex. 16:35; Num. 11:4-6; 1 Cor. 10:10, 11)
Story 35
Jehovah Gives His Laws
About two months after leaving Egypt, where do the Israelites camp?
What does Jehovah say he wants the people to do, and what is their answer?
Why does Jehovah give Moses two flat stones?
Besides the Ten Commandments, what other laws did Jehovah give the Israelites?
What two laws did Jesus Christ say are the greatest?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 19:1-25; 20:1-21; 24:12-18; and 31:18.
How do the words recorded at Exodus 19:8 help us to understand what is involved in making a Christian dedication? (Matt. 16:24; 1 Pet. 4:1-3)
Read Deuteronomy 6:4-6; Leviticus 19:18; and Matthew 22:36-40.
How do Christians demonstrate their love for God and neighbor? (Mark 6:34; Acts 4:20; Rom. 15:2)
Story 36
The Golden Calf
In the picture, what are the people doing, and why?
Why is Jehovah angry, and what does Moses do when he sees what the people are doing?
What does Moses tell some of the men to do?
What lesson should this story teach us?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 32:1-35.
How does this account show Jehovah’s attitude toward mixing false religion with true worship? (Ex. 32:4-6, 10; 1 Cor. 10:7, 11)
What caution should Christians exercise in their choice of entertainment, such as singing and dancing? (Ex. 32:18, 19; Eph. 5:15, 16; 1 John 2:15-17)
How did the tribe of Levi provide a fine example in standing up for righteousness? (Ex. 32:25-28; Ps. 18:25)
Story 37
A Tent for Worship
What is the building in the picture called, and what is it used for?
Why did Jehovah tell Moses to make the tent so that it could be taken apart easily?
What is the box in the small room at the end of the tent, and what does the box contain?
Whom does Jehovah choose to be high priest, and what does the high priest do?
Name the three things in the larger room of the tent.
What two things are in the courtyard of the tabernacle, and what are they used for?
Additional questions:
Read Exodus 25:8-40; 26:1-37; 27:1-8; and 28:1.
What did the cherubs on “the ark of the testimony” represent? (Ex. 25:20, 22; Num. 7:89; 2 Ki. 19:15)
Read Exodus 30:1-10, 17-21; 34:1, 2; and Hebrews 9:1-5.
Why did Jehovah emphasize the importance of maintaining physical cleanness to the priests serving at the tabernacle, and how should this affect us today? (Ex. 30:18-21; 40:30, 31; Heb. 10:22)
How does the apostle Paul show that the tabernacle and the Law covenant were obsolete at the time he wrote his letter to Hebrew Christians? (Heb. 9:1, 9; 10:1)
Story 38
The 12 Spies
What do you notice about the bunch of grapes in the picture, and where did it come from?
Why does Moses send 12 spies into the land of Canaan?
What do ten spies say when they report back to Moses?
How do two spies show trust in Jehovah, and what are their names?
Why is Jehovah angry, and what does he tell Moses?
Additional questions:
Read Numbers 13:1-33.
Who were chosen to spy out the land, and what grand opportunity did they have? (Num. 13:2, 3, 18-20)
Why did Joshua and Caleb’s view differ from that of the other spies, and what does this teach us? (Num. 13:28-30; Matt. 17:20; 2 Cor. 5:7)
Read Numbers 14:1-38.
What warning about murmuring against Jehovah’s earthly representatives should we heed? (Num. 14:2, 3, 27; Matt. 25:40, 45; 1 Cor. 10:10)
How does Numbers 14:24 show that Jehovah takes a personal interest in each one of his servants? (1 Ki. 19:18; Prov. 15:3)
Story 39
Aaron’s Rod Grows Flowers
Who rebel against the authority of Moses and Aaron, and what do they say to Moses?
What does Moses tell Korah and his 250 followers to do?
What does Moses say to the people, and what happens as soon as he stops talking?
What happens to Korah and his 250 followers?
What does Eleazar, Aaron’s son, do with the dead men’s fire holders, and why?
Why does Jehovah make Aaron’s rod grow flowers? (See picture.)
Additional questions:
Read Numbers 16:1-49.
What did Korah and his followers do, and why was it an act of rebellion against Jehovah? (Num. 16:9, 10, 18; Lev. 10:1, 2; Prov. 11:2)
What wrong viewpoint did Korah and the 250 “chieftains of the assembly” cultivate? (Num. 16:1-3; Prov. 15:33; Isa. 49:7)
Read Numbers 17:1-11 and 26:10.
What did the sprouting of Aaron’s rod indicate, and why did Jehovah direct that it be kept in the ark? (Num. 17:5, 8, 10)
What vital lesson can we learn from the sign of Aaron’s rod? (Num. 17:10; Acts 20:28; Phil. 2:14; Heb. 13:17)
Story 40
Moses Strikes the Rock
How does Jehovah take care of the Israelites while they are in the wilderness?
What complaint do the Israelites make when they camp at Kadesh?
How does Jehovah provide water for the people and their animals?
In the picture, who is the man pointing to himself, and why is he doing that?
Why is Jehovah angry with Moses and Aaron, and how are they punished?
What happens at Mount Hor, and who becomes Israel’s high priest?
Additional questions:
Read Numbers 20:1-13, 22-29 and Deuteronomy 29:5.
What do we learn from the way Jehovah cared for the Israelites in the wilderness? (Deut. 29:5; Matt. 6:31; Heb. 13:5; Jas. 1:17)
How did Jehovah view the failure of Moses and Aaron to sanctify him before Israel? (Num. 20:12; 1 Cor. 10:12; Rev. 4:11)
What can we learn from the way Moses reacted to the discipline he received from Jehovah? (Num. 12:3; 20:12, 27, 28; Deut. 32:4; Heb. 12:7-11)
Story 41
The Copper Serpent
In the picture, what is wrapped around the pole, and why did Jehovah tell Moses to put it there?
How are the people unthankful for all that God has done for them?
What do the people ask Moses to do after Jehovah sends poisonous snakes to punish them?
Why does Jehovah tell Moses to make a copper snake?
What lesson can we learn from this story?
Additional questions:
Read Numbers 21:4-9.
What warning is provided for us by Israel’s complaining about the provisions from Jehovah? (Num. 21:5, 6; Rom. 2:4)
In later centuries, how did the Israelites use the copper serpent, and what action did King Hezekiah take? (Num. 21:9; 2 Ki. 18:1-4)
Read John 3:14, 15.
How did the placing of the copper serpent on a signal pole well picture the impaling of Jesus Christ? (Gal. 3:13; 1 Pet. 2:24)
Story 42
A Donkey Talks
Who is Balak, and why does he send for Balaam?
Why does Balaam’s donkey lie down in the road?
What does Balaam hear the donkey saying?
What does an angel say to Balaam?
What happens when Balaam tries to curse Israel?
Additional questions:
Read Numbers 21:21-35.
Why did Israel defeat King Sihon of the Amorites and King Og of Bashan? (Num. 21:21, 23, 33, 34)
Read Numbers 22:1-40.
What was Balaam’s motive in trying to curse Israel, and what lessons can we draw from this? (Num. 22:16, 17; Prov. 6:16, 18; 2 Pet. 2:15; Jude 11)
Read Numbers 23:1-30.
Although Balaam talked as though he was a worshiper of Jehovah, how did his actions demonstrate otherwise? (Num. 23:3, 11-14; 1 Sam. 15:22)
Read Numbers 24:1-25.
How does this Bible account strengthen our faith in the outworking of Jehovah’s purpose? (Num. 24:10; Isa. 54:17)
Story 43
Joshua Becomes Leader
In the picture, who are the two men standing with Moses?
What does Jehovah tell Joshua?
Why does Moses climb to the top of Mount Nebo, and what does Jehovah say to him?
How old is Moses when he dies?
Why are the people sad, but what reason do they have to be happy?
Additional questions:
Read Numbers 27:12-23.
What weighty assignment did Joshua receive from Jehovah, and how is Jehovah’s care for His people shown today? (Num. 27:15-19; Acts 20:28; Heb. 13:7)
Read Deuteronomy 3:23-29.
Why did Jehovah not allow Moses and Aaron to cross over to the land of promise, and what lesson can we learn from this? (Deut. 3:25-27; Num. 20:12, 13)
Read Deuteronomy 31:1-8, 14-23.
How do Moses’ parting words to Israel show that he humbly accepted the discipline from Jehovah? (Deut. 31:6-8, 23)
Read Deuteronomy 32:45-52.
How should God’s Word touch our lives? (Deut. 32:47; Lev. 18:5; Heb. 4:12)
Read Deuteronomy 34:1-12.
Although Moses never literally saw the very person of Jehovah, what does Deuteronomy 34:10 indicate regarding his relationship with Jehovah? (Ex. 33:11, 20; Num. 12:8)
Story 44
Rahab Hides the Spies
Where does Rahab live?
Who are the two men in the picture, and why are they in Jericho?
What does the king of Jericho command Rahab to do, and what answer does she give?
How does Rahab help the two men, and what favor does she ask?
What promise do the two spies make to Rahab?
Additional questions:
Read Joshua 2:1-24.
How was Jehovah’s promise recorded at Exodus 23:28 fulfilled when the Israelites came against Jericho? (Josh. 2:9-11)
Read Hebrews 11:31.
How does Rahab’s example highlight the importance of faith? (Rom. 1:17; Heb. 10:39; Jas. 2:25)
Story 45
Crossing the Jordan River
What miracle does Jehovah perform so that the Israelites can cross the Jordan River?
What act of faith must the Israelites perform in order to cross the Jordan River?
Why does Jehovah tell Joshua to gather 12 large stones from the riverbed?
What happens as soon as the priests go up out of the Jordan?
Additional questions:
Read Joshua 3:1-17.
As illustrated by this account, what do we need to do in order to receive Jehovah’s help and blessing? (Josh. 3:13, 15; Prov. 3:5; Jas. 2:22, 26)
What was the condition of the Jordan River when the Israelites crossed over into the Promised Land, and how did this magnify Jehovah’s name? (Josh. 3:15; 4:18; Ps. 66:5-7)
Read Joshua 4:1-18.
The 12 stones that were taken from the Jordan and set up at Gilgal served what purpose? (Josh. 4:4-7)
Story 46
The Walls of Jericho
What does Jehovah tell the fighting men and the priests to do for six days?
What are the men to do on the seventh day?
As you see in the picture, what is happening to the walls of Jericho?
Why is there a red cord hanging from the window?
What does Joshua tell the fighting men to do to the people and the city, but what about the silver, gold, copper, and iron?
What are the two spies told to do?
Additional questions:
Read Joshua 6:1-25.
How is the Israelites’ marching around Jericho on the seventh day similar to the preaching activities of Jehovah’s Witnesses in these last days? (Josh. 6:15, 16; Isa. 60:22; Matt. 24:14; 1 Cor. 9:16)
How was the prophecy recorded at Joshua 6:26 fulfilled some 500 years later, and what does this teach us about Jehovah’s word? (1 Ki. 16:34; Isa. 55:11)
Story 47
A Thief in Israel
In the picture, who is the man burying riches taken from Jericho, and who are the ones helping him?
Why is the action of Achan and his family so serious?
What does Jehovah say when Joshua asks why the Israelites were defeated in the battle at Ai?
After Achan and his family are brought to Joshua, what happens to them?
What important lesson does the judgment of Achan teach us?
Additional questions:
Read Joshua 7:1-26.
What did Joshua’s prayers reveal about his relationship with his Creator? (Josh. 7:7-9; Ps. 119:145; 1 John 5:14)
What does the example of Achan show, and how is this a warning to us? (Josh. 7:11, 14, 15; Prov. 15:3; 1 Tim. 5:24; Heb. 4:13)
Read Joshua 8:1-29.
What personal responsibility do we have toward the Christian congregation today? (Josh. 7:13; Lev. 5:1; Prov. 28:13)
Story 48
The Wise Gibeonites
How are the people of Gibeon different from the Canaanites in nearby cities?
As illustrated in the picture, what do the Gibeonites do, and why?
What promise do Joshua and the Israelite leaders make to the Gibeonites, but what do they find out three days later?
What happens when kings in other cities hear that the Gibeonites have made peace with Israel?
Additional questions:
Read Joshua 9:1-27.
Since Jehovah had instructed the nation of Israel “to annihilate all the inhabitants of the land,” what qualities did his sparing of the Gibeonites highlight? (Josh. 9:22, 24; Matt. 9:13; Acts 10:34, 35; 2 Pet. 3:9)
By sticking to the covenant he made with the Gibeonites, how did Joshua set a fine example for Christians today? (Josh. 9:18, 19; Matt. 5:37; Eph. 4:25)
Read Joshua 10:1-5.
How does the great crowd today imitate the Gibeonites, thus becoming targets for what? (Josh. 10:4; Zech. 8:23; Matt. 25:35-40; Rev. 12:17)
Story 49
The Sun Stands Still
In the picture, what is Joshua saying, and why?
How does Jehovah help Joshua and his fighting men?
How many enemy kings does Joshua defeat, and how long does it take?
Why does Joshua divide the land of Canaan?
How old is Joshua when he dies, and what happens to the people afterward?
Additional questions:
Read Joshua 10:6-15.
Knowing that Jehovah made the sun and the moon stand still for Israel, we have what confidence today? (Josh. 10:8, 10, 12, 13; Ps. 18:3; Prov. 18:10)
Read Joshua 12:7-24.
Who was really responsible for defeating 31 kings in Canaan, and why is this important for us today? (Josh. 12:7; 24:11-13; Deut. 31:8; Luke 21:9, 25-28)
Read Joshua 14:1-5.
How was the land divided among Israel’s tribes, and what does this indicate regarding inheritances in Paradise? (Josh. 14:2; Isa. 65:21; Ezek. 47:21-23; 1 Cor. 14:33)
Read Judges 2:8-13.
Like Joshua in Israel, who today act as a restraint against apostasy? (Judg. 2:8, 10, 11; Matt. 24:45-47; 2 Thess. 2:3-6; Titus 1:7-9; Rev. 1:1; 2:1, 2)
Story 50
Two Brave Women
Who are the judges, and what are the names of some of them?
What special privilege does Deborah have, and what does this involve?
When Israel is threatened by King Jabin and his army chief, Sisera, what message from Jehovah does Deborah give Judge Barak, and who does she say will get the credit?
How does Jael show that she is a courageous woman?
What happens after King Jabin’s death?
Additional questions:
Read Judges 2:14-22.
How did the Israelites bring Jehovah’s anger upon themselves, and what lesson can we learn from this? (Judg. 2:20; Prov. 3:1, 2; Ezek. 18:21-23)
Read Judges 4:1-24.
What lessons regarding faith and courage can Christian women today learn from the examples of Deborah and Jael? (Judg. 4:4, 8, 9, 14, 21, 22; Prov. 31:30; 1 Cor. 16:13)
Read Judges 5:1-31.
How can the victory song of Barak and Deborah be applied as a prayer regarding the coming war at Har–Magedon? (Judg. 5:3, 31; 1 Chron. 16:8-10; Rev. 7:9, 10; 16:16; 19:19-21)
Story 51
Ruth and Naomi
How does Naomi come to be in the land of Moab?
Who are Ruth and Orpah?
How do Ruth and Orpah each respond when Naomi tells them to go back to their people?
Who is Boaz, and how does he help Ruth and Naomi?
What is the name of the child born to Boaz and Ruth, and why should we remember him?
Additional questions:
Read Ruth 1:1-17.
What beautiful expression of loyal love does Ruth make? (Ruth 1:16, 17)
How does Ruth’s mental disposition well express the attitude of the “other sheep” toward the anointed ones on earth today? (John 10:16; Zech. 8:23)
Read Ruth 2:1-23.
How does Ruth provide a fine example for young women today? (Ruth 2:17, 18; Prov. 23:22; 31:15)
Read Ruth 3:5-13.
How did Boaz view Ruth’s willingness to marry him rather than a younger man?
What does Ruth’s attitude teach us about loyal love? (Ruth 3:10; 1 Cor. 13:4, 5)
Read Ruth 4:7-17.
How can Christian men today be like Boaz? (Ruth 4:9, 10; 1 Tim. 3:1, 12, 13; 5:8)
Story 52
Gideon and His 300 Men
How and why are the Israelites in a lot of trouble?
Why does Jehovah tell Gideon that he has too many men in his army?
How many men remain after Gideon tells the fearful men to go back home?
From the picture, explain how Jehovah reduces the number of Gideon’s army to just 300 men.
How does Gideon organize his 300 men, and how does Israel win the battle?
Additional questions:
Read Judges 6:36-40.
How did Gideon make sure of Jehovah’s will?
How do we today find out what Jehovah’s will is? (Prov. 2:3-6; Matt. 7:7-11; 2 Tim. 3:16, 17)
Read Judges 7:1-25.
What lesson can we learn from the 300 who remained alert in contrast with those who showed carelessness? (Judg. 7:3, 6; Rom. 13:11, 12; Eph. 5:15-17)
Just as the 300 learned by watching Gideon, how do we learn by watching the Greater Gideon, Jesus Christ? (Judg. 7:17; Matt. 11:29, 30; 28:19, 20; 1 Pet. 2:21)
How does Judges 7:21 help us be output to serve wherever we are assigned in Jehovah’s organization? (1 Cor. 4:2; 12:14-18; Jas. 4:10)
Read Judges 8:1-3.
When it comes to handling personal differences with a brother or a sister, what can we learn from the way Gideon solved the dispute with the Ephraimites? (Prov. 15:1; Matt. 5:23, 24; Luke 9:48)
Story 53
Jephthah’s Promise
Who is Jephthah, and during what time did he live?
What promise does Jephthah make to Jehovah?
Why does Jephthah become sad when he returns home from the victory over the Ammonites?
What does Jephthah’s daughter say when she learns of her father’s promise?
Why do the people love Jephthah’s daughter?
Additional questions:
Read Judges 10:6-18.
What warning should we heed from Israel’s record of unfaithfulness to Jehovah? (Judg. 10:6, 15, 16; Rom. 15:4; Rev. 2:10)
Read Judges 11:1-11, 29-40.
How do we know that Jephthah’s giving his daughter as “a burnt offering” did not mean offering her by fire as a human sacrifice? (Judg. 11:31; Lev. 16:24; Deut. 18:10, 12)
In what way did Jephthah offer up his daughter as a sacrifice?
What can we learn from Jephthah’s attitude toward his vow to Jehovah? (Judg. 11:35, 39; Eccl. 5:4, 5; Matt. 16:24)
How is Jephthah’s daughter a fine example for young Christians in pursuing a career in full-time service? (Judg. 11:36; Matt. 6:33; Phil. 3:8)
Story 54
The Strongest Man
What is the name of the strongest man who ever lived, and who gave him his strength?
On one occasion, what does Samson do to a big lion, as you can see in the picture?
What secret is Samson telling Delilah in the picture, and how does this lead to his capture by the Philistines?
How does Samson bring about the death of 3,000 enemy Philistines on the day that he died?
Additional questions:
Read Judges 13:1-14.
How do Manoah and his wife provide a good example for parents in rearing their children? (Judg. 13:8; Ps. 127:3; Eph. 6:4)
Read Judges 14:5-9 and 15:9-16.
What do the accounts of Samson’s killing the lion, breaking new ropes that bound him, and using the jawbone of a male ass to kill 1,000 men reveal about the operation of Jehovah’s holy spirit?
How does holy spirit help us today? (Judg. 14:6; 15:14; Zech. 4:6; Acts 4:31)
Read Judges 16:18-31.
How was Samson affected by bad associations, and what can we learn from this? (Judg. 16:18, 19; 1 Cor. 15:33)
Story 55
A Little Boy Serves God
What is the name of the little boy in the picture, and who are the others?
What prayer does Hannah say one day when she is visiting Jehovah’s tabernacle, and how does Jehovah answer her?
How old is Samuel when he is taken to serve at Jehovah’s tent, and what does his mother do for him each year?
What are the names of Eli’s sons, and what kind of men are they?
How does Jehovah call Samuel, and what message does He give him?
What does Samuel become when he grows up, and what happens when he grows old?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Samuel 1:1-28.
What fine example for family heads does Elkanah provide in taking the lead in true worship? (1 Sam. 1:3, 21; Matt. 6:33; Phil. 1:10)
What lesson can we learn from Hannah’s example in dealing with a perplexing problem? (1 Sam. 1:10, 11; Ps. 55:22; Rom. 12:12)
Read 1 Samuel 2:11-36.
How did Eli honor his sons more than Jehovah, and how can this serve as a warning to us? (1 Sam. 2:22-24, 27, 29; Deut. 21:18-21; Matt. 10:36, 37)
Read 1 Samuel 4:16-18.
What fourfold message of woe comes from the battle line, and what effect does it have on Eli?
Read 1 Samuel 8:4-9.
How did Israel greatly offend Jehovah, and how can we loyally support his Kingdom today? (1 Sam. 8:5, 7; John 17:16; Jas. 4:4)
Story 56
Saul—Israel’s First King
In the picture, what is Samuel doing, and why?
Why does Jehovah like Saul, and what kind of man is he?
What is the name of Saul’s son, and what does the son do?
Why does Saul offer a sacrifice instead of waiting for Samuel to do it?
What lessons can we learn from the account about Saul?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Samuel 9:15-21 and 10:17-27.
How did Saul’s modest attitude help him to avoid rash action when certain men talked disrespectfully about him? (1 Sam. 9:21; 10:21, 22, 27; Prov. 17:27)
Read 1 Samuel 13:5-14.
What was the sin that Saul committed at Gilgal? (1 Sam. 10:8; 13:8, 9, 13)
Read 1 Samuel 15:1-35.
What serious sin did Saul commit in connection with Agag, the king of Amalek? (1 Sam. 15:2, 3, 8, 9, 22)
How did Saul try to justify his actions and shift the blame? (1 Sam. 15:24)
What warning should we heed today when we are given counsel? (1 Sam. 15:19-21; Ps. 141:5; Prov. 9:8, 9; 11:2)
Story 57
God Chooses David
What is the name of the boy in the picture, and how do we know that he is brave?
Where does David live, and what are the names of his father and grandfather?
Why does Jehovah tell Samuel to go to Jesse’s house in Bethlehem?
What happens when Jesse brings seven of his sons to Samuel?
When David is brought in, what does Jehovah tell Samuel?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Samuel 17:34, 35.
How do these events emphasize David’s courage and reliance on Jehovah? (1 Sam. 17:37)
Read 1 Samuel 16:1-14.
How do Jehovah’s words at 1 Samuel 16:7 help us to be impartial and to avoid being prejudiced by outward appearances? (Acts 10:34, 35; 1 Tim. 2:4)
How does Saul’s example show that when Jehovah removes his holy spirit from a person, the vacancy can be filled by a bad spirit, or an inward urge to do wrong? (1 Sam. 16:14; Matt. 12:43-45; Gal. 5:16)
Story 58
David and Goliath
What challenge does Goliath make to the Israelite army?
How big is Goliath, and what reward does King Saul promise to the man who kills Goliath?
What does David say when Saul tells him that he cannot fight Goliath because David is just a boy?
In his reply to Goliath, how does David show his trust in Jehovah?
As you can see in the picture, what does David use to kill Goliath, and what happens to the Philistines after this?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Samuel 17:1-54.
What was the secret of David’s fearlessness, and how can we imitate his courage? (1 Sam. 17:37, 45; Eph. 6:10, 11)
Why should Christians avoid a competitive spirit like that of Goliath when engaging in games or recreation? (1 Sam. 17:8; Gal. 5:26; 1 Tim. 4:8)
How do David’s words indicate that he had faith in God’s backing? (1 Sam. 17:45-47; 2 Chron. 20:15)
Rather than describing just a contest between two opposing armies, how does this account show that the battle was really between false gods and the true God, Jehovah? (1 Sam. 17:43, 46, 47)
How do the anointed remnant imitate David’s example of trusting in Jehovah? (1 Sam. 17:37; Jer. 1:17-19; Rev. 12:17)
Story 59
Why David Must Run Away
Why is Saul jealous of David, but how is Saul’s son Jonathan different?
What happens one day when David is playing the harp for Saul?
What does Saul say that David must do before he can take Saul’s daughter Michal as a wife, and why does Saul say this?
When David plays the harp for Saul, what happens for the third time, as the picture shows?
How does Michal help save David’s life, and what does David then have to do for seven years?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Samuel 18:1-30.
How did the unbreakable love of Jonathan for David foreshadow the mutual love between the “other sheep” and the “little flock”? (1 Sam. 18:1; John 10:16; Luke 12:32; Zech. 8:23)
In view of the fact that Jonathan would normally have been Saul’s heir, how does 1 Samuel 18:4 show Jonathan’s outstanding submission to the one chosen to be king?
How does Saul’s example show that jealousy can lead to grave sin, and what warning does this provide for us? (1 Sam. 18:7-9, 25; Jas. 3:14-16)
Read 1 Samuel 19:1-17.
When confronting Saul, how did Jonathan put his own life at risk? (1 Sam. 19:1, 4-6; Prov. 16:14)
Story 60
Abigail and David
What is the name of the woman coming to meet David in the picture, and what kind of person is she?
Who is Nabal?
Why does David send some of his men to ask Nabal for a favor?
What does Nabal say to David’s men, and how does David respond?
How does Abigail show that she is a wise woman?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Samuel 22:1-4.
How did David’s family provide a fine example of how we should support one another in the Christian brotherhood? (Prov. 17:17; 1 Thess. 5:14)
Read 1 Samuel 25:1-43.
Why is Nabal described so contemptuously? (1 Sam. 25:2-5, 10, 14, 21, 25)
What can Christian wives today learn from Abigail’s example? (1 Sam. 25:32, 33; Prov. 31:26; Eph. 5:24)
Abigail restrained David from doing what two bad things? (1 Sam. 25:31, 33; Rom. 12:19; Eph. 4:26)
How does David’s reaction to Abigail’s words help men today to have Jehovah’s view of women? (Acts 21:8, 9; Rom. 2:11; 1 Pet. 3:7)
Story 61
David Is Made King
What did David and Abishai do while Saul was sleeping in his camp?
What questions does David ask Saul?
After leaving Saul, where does David go?
What makes David very sad, so that he writes a beautiful song?
How old is David when he is made king in Hebron, and what are the names of some of his sons?
Where does David later rule as king?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Samuel 26:1-25.
David’s expression recorded at 1 Samuel 26:11 reveals what attitude toward theocratic order? (Ps. 37:7; Rom. 13:2)
When we put forth an earnest effort to express loving-kindness but meet with an unappreciative response, how can David’s words found at 1 Samuel 26:23 help us maintain a proper viewpoint? (1 Ki. 8:32; Ps. 18:20)
Read 2 Samuel 1:26.
How can Christians today develop the same kind of “intense love for one another” that David and Jonathan had? (1 Pet. 4:8; Col. 3:14; 1 John 4:12)
Read 2 Samuel 5:1-10.
For how many years did David reign as king, and how was this period divided up? (2 Sam. 5:4, 5)
To what is David’s greatness attributed, and how does it serve as a reminder for us today? (2 Sam. 5:10; 1 Sam. 16:13; 1 Cor. 1:31; Phil. 4:13)
Story 62
Trouble in David’s House
With Jehovah’s help, what finally happens to the land of Canaan?
What happens one evening when David is on the roof of his palace?
Why is Jehovah very angry with David?
In the picture, whom does Jehovah send to tell David about his sins, and what does that man say will happen to David?
What trouble does David have?
After David, who becomes the king of Israel?
Additional questions:
Read 2 Samuel 11:1-27.
How is keeping busy in Jehovah’s service a protection for us?
How was David drawn into sin, and what warning does this provide for Jehovah’s servants today? (2 Sam. 11:2; Matt. 5:27-29; 1 Cor. 10:12; Jas. 1:14, 15)
Read 2 Samuel 12:1-18.
What lesson can elders and parents learn from the way that Nathan approached David to offer counsel? (2 Sam. 12:1-4; Prov. 12:18; Matt. 13:34)
Why did Jehovah act mercifully toward David? (2 Sam. 12:13; Ps. 32:5; 2 Cor. 7:9, 10)
Story 63
Wise King Solomon
What does Jehovah ask Solomon, and how does he answer?
Because he is pleased with Solomon’s request, what does Jehovah promise to give him?
What hard problem do two women present to Solomon?
As you can see in the picture, how does Solomon solve the problem?
What is Solomon’s rule like, and why?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Kings 3:3-28.
What can men who are given responsibilities in God’s organization today learn from Solomon’s heartfelt expression at 1 Kings 3:7? (Ps. 119:105; Prov. 3:5, 6)
How is Solomon’s request a fine example of the proper things for which to pray? (1 Ki. 3:9, 11; Prov. 30:8, 9; 1 John 5:14)
What confidence does Solomon’s handling of the dispute between the two women give us regarding the future rulership of the Greater Solomon, Jesus Christ? (1 Ki. 3:28; Isa. 9:6, 7; 11:2-4)
Read 1 Kings 4:29-34.
How did Jehovah answer Solomon’s request for an obedient heart? (1 Ki. 4:29)
In view of the efforts made by people to hear Solomon’s wisdom, what should be our attitude toward the study of God’s Word? (1 Ki. 4:29, 34; John 17:3; 2 Tim. 3:16)
Story 64
Solomon Builds the Temple
How long does it take Solomon to complete the building of Jehovah’s temple, and why does it cost so much money?
How many main rooms are there in the temple, and what is put in the inside room?
What does Solomon say in his prayer when the temple is finished?
How does Jehovah show that he is pleased with Solomon’s prayer?
What do Solomon’s wives get him to do, and what happens to Solomon?
Why is Jehovah angry with Solomon, and what does Jehovah say to him?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Chronicles 28:9, 10.
In view of David’s words recorded at 1 Chronicles 28:9, 10, what should we strive to do in our daily lives? (Ps. 19:14; Phil. 4:8, 9)
Read 2 Chronicles 6:12-21, 32-42.
How did Solomon show that no man-made building can hold the Most High God? (2 Chron. 6:18; Acts 17:24, 25)
What do Solomon’s words found at 2 Chronicles 6:32, 33 show about Jehovah? (Acts 10:34, 35; Gal. 2:6)
Read 2 Chronicles 7:1-5.
Just as the sons of Israel were moved to make an expression of praise to Jehovah at seeing his glory, how should we today be affected when we contemplate Jehovah’s blessing on his people? (2 Chron. 7:3; Ps. 22:22; 34:1; 96:2)
Read 1 Kings 11:9-13.
How does Solomon’s life course show the importance of remaining faithful to the end? (1 Ki. 11:4, 9; Matt. 10:22; Rev. 2:10)
Story 65
The Kingdom Is Divided
What are the names of the two men in the picture, and who are they?
What does Ahijah do with the robe he is wearing, and what does that act mean?
What does Solomon try to do to Jeroboam?
Why do the people make Jeroboam king over ten tribes?
Why does Jeroboam make two golden calves, and what happens to the land soon afterward?
What happens to the two-tribe kingdom and Jehovah’s temple in Jerusalem?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Kings 11:26-43.
What kind of person was Jeroboam, and what did Jehovah promise him if he kept God’s laws? (1 Ki. 11:28, 38)
Read 1 Kings 12:1-33.
From Rehoboam’s bad example, what can parents and elders learn regarding abuse of authority? (1 Ki. 12:13; Eccl. 7:7; 1 Pet. 5:2, 3)
To whom should youths today turn for reliable guidance when making serious decisions in life? (1 Ki. 12:6, 7; Prov. 1:8, 9; 2 Tim. 3:16, 17; Heb. 13:7)
What moved Jeroboam to set up two centers for calf worship, and how did this show a great lack of faith in Jehovah? (1 Ki. 11:37; 12:26-28)
Who led the people of the ten-tribe kingdom in a rebellion against true worship? (1 Ki. 12:32, 33)
Story 66
Jezebel—A Wicked Queen
Who is Jezebel?
Why is King Ahab sad one day?
What does Jezebel do to get Naboth’s vineyard for her husband, Ahab?
Who does Jehovah send to punish Jezebel?
As you can see in the picture, what happens when Jehu arrives at Jezebel’s palace?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Kings 16:29-33 and 18:3, 4.
How bad were conditions in Israel during the time of King Ahab? (1 Ki. 14:9)
Read 1 Kings 21:1-16.
How did Naboth show courage and loyalty to Jehovah? (1 Ki. 21:1-3; Lev. 25:23-28)
From Ahab’s example, what can we learn about coping with disappointment? (1 Ki. 21:4; Rom. 5:3-5)
Read 2 Kings 9:30-37.
What can we learn from Jehu’s zeal in doing Jehovah’s will? (2 Ki. 9:4-10; 2 Cor. 9:1, 2; 2 Tim. 4:2)
Story 67
Jehoshaphat Trusts Jehovah
Who is Jehoshaphat, and at what time does he live?
Why are the Israelites afraid, and what do many of them do?
What answer does Jehovah give to Jehoshaphat’s prayer?
What does Jehovah cause to happen before the battle?
What lesson can we learn from Jehoshaphat?
Additional questions:
Read 2 Chronicles 20:1-30.
How did Jehoshaphat demonstrate what faithful servants of God should do when faced with threatening circumstances? (2 Chron. 20:12; Ps. 25:15; 62:1)
Since Jehovah has always used a channel of communication when dealing with his people, what channel does he use today? (2 Chron. 20:14, 15; Matt. 24:45-47; John 15:15)
When God launches the “war of the great day of God the Almighty,” how will our situation be similar to that of Jehoshaphat? (2 Chron. 20:15, 17; 32:8; Rev. 16:14, 16)
Imitating the Levites, pioneers and missionaries make what kind of contribution to the worldwide preaching work today? (2 Chron. 20:19, 21; Rom. 10:13-15; 2 Tim. 4:2)
Story 68
Two Boys Who Live Again
Who are the three people in the picture, and what happens to the little boy?
What does Elijah pray regarding the boy, and what happens next?
What is the name of Elijah’s helper?
Why is Elisha called to the home of a woman in Shunem?
What does Elisha do, and what happens to the dead child?
What power does Jehovah have, as shown through Elijah and Elisha?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Kings 17:8-24.
How was Elijah’s obedience and faith tested? (1 Ki. 17:9; 19:1-4, 10)
Why was the faith of the widow of Zarephath outstanding? (1 Ki. 17:12-16; Luke 4:25, 26)
How does the experience of the widow of Zarephath bear out the truthfulness of Jesus’ words recorded at Matthew 10:41, 42? (1 Ki. 17:10-12, 17, 23, 24)
Read 2 Kings 4:8-37.
What does the woman of Shunem teach us about hospitality? (2 Ki. 4:8; Luke 6:38; Rom. 12:13; 1 John 3:17)
In what ways can we show acts of kindness toward God’s servants today? (Acts 20:35; 28:1, 2; Gal. 6:9, 10; Heb. 6:10)
Story 69
A Girl Helps a Mighty Man
In the picture, what is the little girl telling the lady?
Who is the lady in the picture, and what is the little girl doing at the lady’s house?
What does Elisha instruct his servant to tell Naaman, and why does Naaman get angry?
What happens when Naaman listens to his servants?
Why does Elisha refuse Naaman’s gift, but what does Gehazi do?
What happens to Gehazi, and what can we learn from this?
Additional questions:
Read 2 Kings 5:1-27.
How can the example set by the little Israelite girl encourage young ones today? (2 Ki. 5:3; Ps. 8:2; 148:12, 13)
Why is it good to keep Naaman’s example in mind when we receive Scriptural counsel? (2 Ki. 5:15; Heb. 12:5, 6; Jas. 4:6)
What lessons can we learn by contrasting Elisha’s example with that of Gehazi? (2 Ki. 5:9, 10, 14-16, 20; Matt. 10:8; Acts 5:1-5; 2 Cor. 2:17)
Story 70
Jonah and the Big Fish
Who is Jonah, and what does Jehovah tell him to do?
Because he does not want to go where Jehovah tells him, what does Jonah do?
What does Jonah tell the sailors to do in order to stop the storm?
As you can see in the picture, what happens when Jonah sinks down into the water?
How long is Jonah inside the big fish, and what does he do there?
Where does Jonah go after he gets out of the big fish, and what does this teach us?
Additional questions:
Read Jonah 1:1-17.
Evidently, how did Jonah feel about his assignment to preach to the Ninevites? (Jonah 1:2, 3; Prov. 3:7; Eccl. 8:12)
Read Jonah 2:1, 2, 10.
How does Jonah’s experience give us confidence that Jehovah will answer our prayers? (Ps. 22:24; 34:6; 1 John 5:14)
Read Jonah 3:1-10.
What encouragement do we get from the fact that Jehovah continued to use Jonah despite his initial failure to fulfill his assignment? (Ps. 103:14; 1 Pet. 5:10)
What does Jonah’s experience with the Ninevites teach us about prejudging people in our territory? (Jonah 3:6-9; Eccl. 11:6; Acts 13:48)
Story 71
God Promises a Paradise
Who was Isaiah, when did he live, and what did Jehovah show him?
What does the word “paradise” mean, and of what does it remind you?
What did Jehovah tell Isaiah to write about the new Paradise?
Why did Adam and Eve lose their beautiful home?
What does Jehovah promise for those who love him?
Additional questions:
Read Isaiah 11:6-9.
How does God’s Word portray the peace that will exist between animals and humans in the new world? (Ps. 148:10, 13; Isa. 65:25; Ezek. 34:25)
What spiritual fulfillment of Isaiah’s words is taking place among Jehovah’s people today? (Rom. 12:2; Eph. 4:23, 24)
Who deserves the credit for the transformation in human personalities both now and in the new world? (Isa. 48:17, 18; Gal. 5:22, 23; Phil. 4:7)
Read Revelation 21:3, 4.
How do the Scriptures indicate that God’s dwelling with mankind means that he is figuratively present, not physically present, on earth? (Lev. 26:11, 12; 2 Chron. 6:18; Isa. 66:1; Rev. 21:2, 3, 22-24)
What kind of tears and pain will be done away with? (Luke 8:49-52; Rom. 8:21, 22; Rev. 21:4)
Story 72
God Helps King Hezekiah
Who is the man in the picture, and why is he in a lot of trouble?
What are the letters that Hezekiah has put before God, and what does Hezekiah pray?
What kind of a king is Hezekiah, and what message does Jehovah send to him through the prophet Isaiah?
What does Jehovah’s angel do to the Assyrians, as shown in the picture?
Although the two-tribe kingdom has peace for a while, what happens after Hezekiah dies?
Additional questions:
Read 2 Kings 18:1-36.
How did the Assyrian spokesman Rabshakeh seek to weaken the faith of the Israelites? (2 Ki. 18:19, 21; Ex. 5:2; Ps. 64:3)
When dealing with opposers, how do Jehovah’s Witnesses heed the example of Hezekiah? (2 Ki. 18:36; Ps. 39:1; Prov. 26:4; 2 Tim. 2:24)
Read 2 Kings 19:1-37.
How do Jehovah’s people today imitate Hezekiah in times of distress? (2 Ki. 19:1, 2; Prov. 3:5, 6; Heb. 10:24, 25; Jas. 5:14, 15)
What threefold defeat did King Sennacherib experience, and whom does he prophetically picture? (2 Ki. 19:32, 35, 37; Rev. 20:2, 3)
Read 2 Kings 21:1-6, 16.
Why can it be said that Manasseh was one of the wickedest kings ever to rule in Jerusalem? (2 Chron. 33:4-6, 9)
Story 73
Israel’s Last Good King
How old is Josiah when he becomes king, and what does he start to do when he has been king for seven years?
What do you see Josiah doing in the first picture?
What does the high priest find when the men are repairing the temple?
Why does Josiah tear his clothes apart?
What message from Jehovah does the prophetess Huldah give Josiah?
Additional questions:
Read 2 Chronicles 34:1-28.
What example does Josiah provide for those who may have had to endure a difficult childhood? (2 Chron. 33:21-25; 34:1, 2; Ps. 27:10)
What significant steps did Josiah take to advance true worship during the 8th, 12th, and 18th years of his reign? (2 Chron. 34:3, 8)
What lessons in maintaining our places of worship can we learn from the examples set by King Josiah and High Priest Hilkiah? (2 Chron. 34:9-13; Prov. 11:14; 1 Cor. 10:31)
Story 74
A Man Who Is Not Afraid
Who is the young man in the picture?
What does Jeremiah think about his becoming a prophet, but what does Jehovah tell him?
What message does Jeremiah keep telling the people?
How do the priests try to stop Jeremiah, but how does he show that he is not afraid?
What happens when the Israelites do not change their bad ways?
Additional questions:
Read Jeremiah 1:1-8.
As Jeremiah’s example demonstrates, what qualifies a person for Jehovah’s service? (2 Cor. 3:5, 6)
What encouragement does Jeremiah’s example provide for Christian youths today? (Eccl. 12:1; 1 Tim. 4:12)
Read Jeremiah 10:1-5.
What powerful illustration does Jeremiah use to show the futility of trusting in idols? (Jer. 10:5; Isa. 46:7; Hab. 2:19)
Read Jeremiah 26:1-16.
When sounding the warning message today, how has the anointed remnant taken to heart Jehovah’s command to Jeremiah ‘not to take away a word’? (Jer. 26:2; Deut. 4:2; Acts 20:27)
What fine example did Jeremiah provide for Jehovah’s Witnesses today in declaring Jehovah’s warning to the nations? (Jer. 26:8, 12, 14, 15; 2 Tim. 4:1-5)
Read 2 Kings 24:1-17.
What sad consequences resulted from Judah’s unfaithfulness to Jehovah? (2 Ki. 24:2-4, 14)
Story 75
Four Boys in Babylon
Who are the four boys in the picture, and why are they in Babylon?
What plans does Nebuchadnezzar have for the four boys, and what orders does he give his servants?
What request does Daniel make regarding food and drink for himself and his three friends?
After eating vegetables for ten days, how do Daniel and his three friends compare with the other young men?
How do Daniel and his three friends come to be in the king’s palace, and in what way are they better than the priests and wise men?
Additional questions:
Read Daniel 1:1-21.
What kind of effort is needed if we hope to resist temptations and overcome weaknesses? (Dan. 1:8; Gen. 39:7, 10; Gal. 6:9)
In what ways might youths today be tempted or pressured to indulge in what some consider to be “delicacies”? (Dan. 1:8; Prov. 20:1; 2 Cor. 6:17–7:1)
What does the Bible account of the four Hebrew youths help us to appreciate regarding taking in secular knowledge? (Dan. 1:20; Isa. 54:13; 1 Cor. 3:18-20)
Story 76
Jerusalem Is Destroyed
What is happening to Jerusalem and to the Israelites shown in the picture?
Who is Ezekiel, and what shocking things does Jehovah show him?
Because the Israelites have no respect for Jehovah, what does he promise?
What does King Nebuchadnezzar do after the Israelites rebel against him?
Why does Jehovah let this terrible destruction happen to the Israelites?
How is the land of Israel left without any people, and for how long?
Additional questions:
Read 2 Kings 25:1-26.
Who was Zedekiah, what happened to him, and how did this fulfill Bible prophecy? (2 Ki. 25:5-7; Ezek. 12:13-15)
Whom did Jehovah hold accountable for all the unfaithfulness that Israel committed? (2 Ki. 25:9, 11, 12, 18, 19; 2 Chron. 36:14, 17)
Read Ezekiel 8:1-18.
How has Christendom imitated apostate Israelite sun worshipers? (Ezek. 8:16; Isa. 5:20, 21; John 3:19-21; 2 Tim. 4:3)
Story 77
They Would Not Bow Down
What command has Nebuchadnezzar, the king of Babylon, given to the people?
Why are Daniel’s three friends not bowing down to the image of gold?
When Nebuchadnezzar gives the three Hebrews another chance to bow down, how do they show their trust in Jehovah?
What does Nebuchadnezzar have his men do to Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego?
What does Nebuchadnezzar see when he looks into the furnace?
Why does the king praise the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, and what example do they provide for us?
Additional questions:
Read Daniel 3:1-30.
What attitude displayed by the three young Hebrews should all of God’s servants imitate when faced with tests of integrity? (Dan. 3:17, 18; Matt. 10:28; Rom. 14:7, 8)
What important lesson did Jehovah God teach Nebuchadnezzar? (Dan. 3:28, 29; 4:34, 35)
Story 78
Handwriting on the Wall
What happens when the king of Babylon has a big feast and uses the cups and bowls taken from Jehovah’s temple in Jerusalem?
What does Belshazzar say to his wise men, but what are they unable to do?
What does the king’s mother tell him to do?
According to what Daniel tells the king, why has God sent the hand to write on the wall?
How does Daniel explain the meaning of the words on the wall?
What happens while Daniel is yet speaking?
Additional questions:
Read Daniel 5:1-31.
Contrast godly fear with the fear that Belshazzar felt when he saw the writing on the wall. (Dan. 5:6, 7; Ps. 19:9; Rom. 8:35-39)
How did Daniel show great courage when speaking to Belshazzar and his grandees? (Dan. 5:17, 18, 22, 26-28; Acts 4:29)
In what way does Daniel chapter 5 underscore Jehovah’s universal sovereignty? (Dan. 4:17, 25; 5:21)
Story 79
Daniel in the Lions’ Pit
Who is Darius, and how does he view Daniel?
What do some jealous men get Darius to do?
What does Daniel do when he learns about the new law?
Why is Darius so upset that he cannot sleep, and what does he do the next morning?
How does Daniel answer Darius?
What happens to the bad men who tried to kill Daniel, and what does Darius write to all the people in his kingdom?
Additional questions:
Read Daniel 6:1-28.
How does the conspiracy against Daniel remind us of what opposers have done to try to suppress the work of Jehovah’s Witnesses in modern times? (Dan. 6:7; Ps. 94:20; Isa. 10:1; Rom. 8:31)
How can servants of God today imitate Daniel in remaining subject to “the superior authorities”? (Dan. 6:5, 10; Rom. 13:1; Acts 5:29)
How can we imitate Daniel’s example of serving Jehovah “with constancy”? (Dan. 6:16, 20; Phil. 3:16; Rev. 7:15)
Story 80
God’s People Leave Babylon
As illustrated in the picture, what are the Israelites doing?
How did Cyrus fulfill Jehovah’s prophecy through Isaiah?
What does Cyrus tell the Israelites who cannot return to Jerusalem?
What does Cyrus give the people to take back to Jerusalem?
How long does it take the Israelites to get back to Jerusalem?
How many years have passed since the land was left completely empty of people?
Additional questions:
Read Isaiah 44:28 and 45:1-4.
How did Jehovah emphasize the certainty of the fulfillment of the prophecy regarding Cyrus? (Isa. 55:10, 11; Rom. 4:17)
What does Isaiah’s prophecy regarding Cyrus show about Jehovah God’s ability to foretell the future? (Isa. 42:9; 45:21; 46:10, 11; 2 Pet. 1:20)
Read Ezra 1:1-11.
Following the example of those who were unable to return to Jerusalem, how can we today ‘strengthen the hands’ of those who are able to enter full-time service? (Ezra 1:4, 6; Rom. 12:13; Col. 4:12)
Story 81
Trusting in God’s Help
How many people make the long trip from Babylon to Jerusalem, but what do they find when they arrive?
What do the Israelites begin to build after they arrive, but what do their enemies do?
Who are Haggai and Zechariah, and what do they tell the people?
Why does Tattenai send a letter to Babylon, and what answer does he receive?
What does Ezra do when he learns about the need to fix up God’s temple?
What is Ezra praying for in the picture, how is his prayer answered, and what does this teach us?
Additional questions:
Read Ezra 3:1-13.
If we ever find ourselves in an area where there is no congregation of God’s people, what should we continue to do? (Ezra 3:3, 6; Acts 17:16, 17; Heb. 13:15)
Read Ezra 4:1-7.
What example did Zerubbabel set for Jehovah’s people regarding interfaith? (Ex. 34:12; 1 Cor. 15:33; 2 Cor. 6:14-17)
Read Ezra 5:1-5, 17 and 6:1-22.
Why were the opposers unable to stop the temple building work? (Ezra 5:5; Isa. 54:17)
How does the action of the older men of the Jews encourage Christian elders to seek Jehovah’s guidance when facing opposers? (Ezra 6:14; Ps. 32:8; Rom. 8:31; Jas. 1:5)
Read Ezra 8:21-23, 28-36.
Before we embark on a certain course of action, what example of Ezra would be good for us to imitate? (Ezra 8:23; Ps. 127:1; Prov. 10:22; Jas. 4:13-15)
Story 82
Mordecai and Esther
Who are Mordecai and Esther?
Why does King Ahasuerus want a new wife, and whom does he choose?
Who is Haman, and what makes him very angry?
What law is made, and what does Esther do after receiving a message from Mordecai?
What happens to Haman, and what happens to Mordecai?
How are the Israelites saved from their enemies?
Additional questions:
Read Esther 2:12-18.
How did Esther demonstrate the value of cultivating a “quiet and mild spirit”? (Esther 2:15; 1 Pet. 3:1-5)
Read Esther 4:1-17.
Just as Esther was given an opportunity to act in behalf of true worship, what opportunity are we given today to express our devotion and loyalty to Jehovah? (Esther 4:13, 14; Matt. 5:14-16; 24:14)
Read Esther 7:1-6.
How have many of God’s people today similarly risked persecution, as Esther did? (Esther 7:4; Matt. 10:16-22; 1 Pet. 2:12)
Story 83
The Walls of Jerusalem
How did the Israelites feel about not having walls around their city of Jerusalem?
Who is Nehemiah?
What is Nehemiah’s job, and why is it important?
What news makes Nehemiah sad, and what does he do?
How does King Artaxerxes show kindness to Nehemiah?
How does Nehemiah arrange the building work so that the Israelites’ enemies cannot stop it?
Additional questions:
Read Nehemiah 1:4-6 and 2:1-20.
How did Nehemiah seek Jehovah’s guidance? (Neh. 2:4, 5; Rom. 12:12; 1 Pet. 4:7)
Read Nehemiah 3:3-5.
What can elders and ministerial servants learn from the contrast between the Tekoites and their “majestic ones”? (Neh. 3:5, 27; 2 Thess. 3:7-10; 1 Pet. 5:5)
Read Nehemiah 4:1-23.
What motivated the Israelites to continue building despite fierce opposition? (Neh. 4:6, 8, 9; Ps. 50:15; Isa. 65:13, 14)
In what way does the Israelites’ example encourage us today?
Read Nehemiah 6:15.
What does the fact that Jerusalem’s walls were completed within two months demonstrate regarding the power of faith? (Ps. 56:3, 4; Matt. 17:20; 19:26)
Story 84
An Angel Visits Mary
Who is the woman in the picture?
What does Gabriel tell Mary?
How does Gabriel explain to Mary that she will have a baby even though she has not lived with a man?
What happens when Mary visits her relative Elizabeth?
What does Joseph think when he learns that Mary is going to have a baby, but why does he change his mind?
Additional questions:
Read Luke 1:26-56.
What does Luke 1:35 indicate regarding any Adamic imperfection in Mary’s ovum when the life of God’s Son was transferred from the spirit realm? (Hag. 2:11-13; John 6:69; Heb. 7:26; 10:5)
How did Jesus receive honor even before his birth? (Luke 1:41-43)
What fine example did Mary provide for Christians today who receive special privileges of service? (Luke 1:38, 46-49; 17:10; Prov. 11:2)
Read Matthew 1:18-25.
Although Jesus was not given the personal name Immanuel, how did his role as a human fulfill its meaning? (Matt. 1:22, 23; John 14:8-10; Heb. 1:1-3)
Story 85
Jesus Born in a Stable
Who is the little baby in the picture, and where is Mary laying him?
Why was Jesus born in a stable with the animals?
In the picture, who are the men entering the stable, and what had an angel told them?
Why is Jesus special?
Why can Jesus be called God’s Son?
Additional questions:
Read Luke 2:1-20.
What part did Caesar Augustus play in the fulfillment of the prophecy concerning Jesus’ birth? (Luke 2:1-4; Mic. 5:2)
How may an individual come to be included among those referred to as “men of goodwill”? (Luke 2:14; Matt. 16:24; John 17:3; Acts 3:19; Heb. 11:6)
If those humble Judean shepherds had reason to rejoice over the birth of a Savior, what greater reason for joy do God’s servants have today? (Luke 2:10, 11; Eph. 3:8, 9; Rev. 11:15; 14:6)
Story 86
Men Guided by a Star
Who are the men in the picture, and why is one of them pointing to a bright star?
Why does King Herod get upset, and what does he do?
Where does the bright star lead the men, but why do they return to their own country by another road?
What command does Herod give, and why?
What does Jehovah tell Joseph to do?
Who caused the new star to shine, and why?
Additional question:
Read Matthew 2:1-23.
How old was Jesus and where was he living when the astrologers visited him? (Matt. 2:1, 11, 16)
Story 87
Young Jesus in the Temple
How old is Jesus in the picture, and where is he?
What does Joseph do with his family every year?
After one day on the journey back home, why do Joseph and Mary return to Jerusalem?
Where do Joseph and Mary find Jesus, and why are the people there amazed?
What does Jesus say to his mother, Mary?
How can we be like Jesus in learning about God?
Additional questions:
Read Luke 2:41-52.
Even though the Law required that only males attend the annual festivals, what fine example did Joseph and Mary provide for parents today? (Luke 2:41; Deut. 16:16; 31:12; Prov. 22:6)
How did Jesus set a good example for young ones today to be in subjection to their parents? (Luke 2:51; Deut. 5:16; Prov. 23:22; Col. 3:20)
Read Matthew 13:53-56.
What four natural brothers of Jesus are named in the Bible, and how were two of them later used in the Christian congregation? (Matt. 13:55; Acts 12:17; 15:6, 13; 21:18; Gal. 1:19; Jas. 1:1; Jude 1)
Story 88
John Baptizes Jesus
Who are the two men in the picture?
How is a person baptized?
Whom does John normally baptize?
For what special reason does Jesus ask John to baptize him?
How does God show that He is pleased that Jesus got baptized?
What happens when Jesus goes away to a lonely place for 40 days?
Who are some of Jesus’ first followers, or disciples, and what is his first miracle?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 3:13-17.
What pattern did Jesus set for the baptism of his disciples? (Ps. 40:7, 8; Matt. 28:19, 20; Luke 3:21, 22)
Read Matthew 4:1-11.
How does Jesus’ skillful use of the Scriptures encourage us to study the Bible regularly? (Matt. 4:5-7; 2 Pet. 3:17, 18; 1 John 4:1)
Read John 1:29-51.
To whom did John the Baptizer direct his disciples, and how can we imitate him today? (John 1:29, 35, 36; 3:30; Matt. 23:10)
Read John 2:1-12.
How did Jesus’ first miracle show that Jehovah does not withhold anything good from His servants? (John 2:9, 10; Ps. 84:11; Jas. 1:17)
Story 89
Jesus Cleans Out the Temple
Why are animals being sold at the temple?
What makes Jesus angry?
As you can see in the picture, what does Jesus do, and what command does he give the men who are selling doves?
When Jesus’ followers see what he is doing, of what are they reminded?
Which district does Jesus travel through on his way back to Galilee?
Additional question:
Read John 2:13-25.
Considering Jesus’ outrage over money changers in the temple, what is the proper view of commercial activities in the Kingdom Hall? (John 2:15, 16; 1 Cor. 10:24, 31-33)
Story 90
With the Woman at the Well
Why has Jesus stopped by a well in Samaria, and what is he saying to a woman there?
Why is the woman surprised, what does Jesus say to her, and why?
What kind of water does the woman think Jesus is talking about, but what water does he actually mean?
Why is the woman amazed at what Jesus knows about her, and how did he get this information?
What lessons can we learn from the account of the woman at the well?
Additional questions:
Read John 4:5-43.
Following Jesus’ example, what attitude should we display toward people of a different racial or social background? (John 4:9; 1 Cor. 9:22; 1 Tim. 2:3, 4; Titus 2:11)
What spiritual benefits come to a person who becomes Jesus’ disciple? (John 4:14; Isa. 58:11; 2 Cor. 4:16)
How can we show appreciation like that of the Samaritan woman, who was eager to share what she had learned? (John 4:7, 28; Matt. 6:33; Luke 10:40-42)
Story 91
Jesus Teaches on a Mountain
In the picture, where is Jesus teaching, and who are those sitting closest to him?
What are the names of the 12 apostles?
What is the Kingdom that Jesus is preaching about?
What does Jesus teach the people to pray for?
What does Jesus say about how people should treat one another?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 5:1-12.
In what ways can we show that we are conscious of our spiritual need? (Matt. 5:3; Rom. 10:13-15; 1 Tim. 4:13, 15, 16)
Read Matthew 5:21-26.
How does Matthew 5:23, 24 emphasize that our relationship with our brothers affects our relationship with Jehovah? (Matt. 6:14, 15; Ps. 133:1; Col. 3:13; 1 John 4:20)
Read Matthew 6:1-8.
What are some forms of self-righteousness that Christians are to shun? (Luke 18:11, 12; 1 Cor. 4:6, 7; 2 Cor. 9:7)
Read Matthew 6:25-34.
What did Jesus teach regarding the need to trust in Jehovah for our material provisions? (Ex. 16:4; Ps. 37:25; Phil. 4:6)
Read Matthew 7:1-11.
What does the vivid illustration found at Matthew 7:5 teach us? (Prov. 26:12; Rom. 2:1; 14:10; Jas. 4:11, 12)
Story 92
Jesus Raises the Dead
Who is the father of the girl in the picture, and why are he and his wife very worried?
What does Jairus do when he finds Jesus?
What happens as Jesus is going to Jairus’ home, and what message does Jairus receive on the way?
Why do the people in Jairus’ house laugh at Jesus?
After taking three apostles and the girl’s father and mother into the girl’s room, what does Jesus do?
Who else has Jesus raised from the dead, and what does this show?
Additional questions:
Read Luke 8:40-56.
How did Jesus show compassion and reasonableness to the woman with the flow of blood, and what can Christian elders today learn from this? (Luke 8:43, 44, 47, 48; Lev. 15:25-27; Matt. 9:12, 13; Col. 3:12-14)
Read Luke 7:11-17.
Why can those who have lost loved ones in death find great comfort in Jesus’ response to the widow from Nain? (Luke 7:13; 2 Cor. 1:3, 4; Heb. 4:15)
Read John 11:17-44.
How did Jesus demonstrate that it is normal to grieve over the death of a loved one? (John 11:33-36, 38; 2 Sam. 18:33; 19:1-4)
Story 93
Jesus Feeds Many People
What terrible thing has happened to John the Baptizer, and how does it make Jesus feel?
How does Jesus feed the crowds who have followed him, and how much food is left over?
Why are the disciples afraid during the night, and what happens to Peter?
How does Jesus feed thousands of people a second time?
Why will it be wonderful when Jesus rules the earth as God’s King?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 14:1-32.
The account at Matthew 14:23-32 provides what insight into Peter’s personality?
How does the Scriptural record indicate that Peter matured and overcame his impulsive behavior? (Matt. 14:27-30; John 18:10; 21:7; Acts 2:14, 37-40; 1 Pet. 5:6, 10)
Read Matthew 15:29-38.
How did Jesus show respect for the material provisions from his Father? (Matt. 15:37; John 6:12; Col. 3:15)
Read John 6:1-21.
How can Christians today follow Jesus’ example with respect to the government? (John 6:15; Matt. 22:21; Rom. 12:2; 13:1-4)
Story 94
He Loves Little Children
What are the apostles arguing about on their way back from a long trip?
Why does Jesus call a little child and stand it in the midst of the apostles?
In what way should the apostles learn to be like children?
A few months later, how does Jesus show that he loves children?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 18:1-4.
Why did Jesus use illustrations to teach? (Matt. 13:34, 36; Mark 4:33, 34)
Read Matthew 19:13-15.
What qualities of young children must we imitate if we are to share in Kingdom blessings? (Ps. 25:9; 138:6; 1 Cor. 14:20)
Read Mark 9:33-37.
What did Jesus teach his disciples about wanting positions of prominence? (Mark 9:35; Matt. 20:25, 26; Gal. 6:3; Phil. 2:5-8)
Read Mark 10:13-16.
How approachable was Jesus, and what can Christian elders learn from his example? (Mark 6:30-34; Phil. 2:1-4; 1 Tim. 4:12)
Story 95
The Way Jesus Teaches
What question does a man ask Jesus, and why?
What does Jesus sometimes use to teach, and what have we already learned about Jews and Samaritans?
In the story Jesus tells, what happens to a Jew traveling on the road to Jericho?
What happens when a Jewish priest and a Levite come along the road?
In the picture, who is helping the Jew who is hurt?
After Jesus finishes the story, what question does he ask, and how does the man answer?
Additional questions:
Read Luke 10:25-37.
Rather than give a direct answer, how did Jesus help a man versed in the Law to reason on a matter? (Luke 10:26; Matt. 16:13-16)
How did Jesus use illustrations to overcome prejudice on the part of his hearers? (Luke 10:36, 37; 18:9-14; Titus 1:9)
Story 96
Jesus Heals the Sick
What does Jesus do as he travels throughout the land?
Some three years after Jesus was baptized, what does he tell his apostles?
Who are the people in the picture, and what does Jesus do for the woman?
Why does Jesus’ response to the objections of the religious leaders make them ashamed?
When Jesus and his apostles are near Jericho, what does Jesus do for two blind beggars?
Why does Jesus perform miracles?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 15:30, 31.
What wonderful display of Jehovah’s power is revealed through Jesus, and how should it affect our understanding of what Jehovah has promised for the new world? (Ps. 37:29; Isa. 33:24)
Read Luke 13:10-17.
How does the fact that Jesus performed some of his most outstanding miracles on the Sabbath show the kind of relief that he will bring to mankind during his Millennial Rule? (Luke 13:10-13; Ps. 46:9; Matt. 12:8; Col. 2:16, 17; Rev. 21:1-4)
Read Matthew 20:29-34.
How does this account show that Jesus was never too busy to help people, and what can we learn from this? (Deut. 15:7; Jas. 2:15, 16; 1 John 3:17)
Story 97
Jesus Comes as King
When Jesus comes to a small village near Jerusalem, what does he tell his disciples to do?
In the picture, what happens when Jesus gets near the city of Jerusalem?
What do the young children do when they see Jesus healing people who are blind and crippled?
What does Jesus say to the angry priests?
How can we be like the children who praise Jesus?
What do the disciples want to know?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 21:1-17.
How did Jesus’ entrance into Jerusalem as King contrast with conquering generals of Roman times? (Matt. 21:4, 5; Zech. 9:9; Phil. 2:5-8; Col. 2:15)
What lesson can young ones learn from the Israelite boys who quoted from Psalm 118 as Jesus entered the temple? (Matt. 21:9, 15; Ps. 118:25, 26; 2 Tim. 3:15; 2 Pet. 3:18)
Read John 12:12-16.
What does the use of palm branches by the people who hailed Jesus symbolize? (John 12:13; Phil. 2:10; Rev. 7:9, 10)
Story 98
On the Mount of Olives
In the picture, which man is Jesus, and who are with him?
What did the priests try to do to Jesus in the temple, and what did he say to them?
What do the apostles ask Jesus?
Why does Jesus tell his apostles some of the things that will be happening on earth when he is ruling as King in heaven?
What does Jesus say will happen before he puts an end to all badness on earth?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 23:1-39.
Although the Scriptures indicate that the use of secular inputs may be appropriate, what do Jesus’ words at Matthew 23:8-11 show regarding the use of flattering inputs in the Christian congregation? (Acts 26:25; Rom. 13:7; 1 Pet. 2:13, 14)
What did the Pharisees use to try to prevent people from becoming Christians, and how have religious leaders employed similar tactics in modern times? (Matt. 23:13; Luke 11:52; John 9:22; 12:42; 1 Thess. 2:16)
Read Matthew 24:1-14.
How is the importance of endurance emphasized at Matthew 24:13?
What does the expression “the end” at Matthew 24:13 mean? (Matt. 16:27; Rom. 14:10-12; 2 Cor. 5:10)
Read Mark 13:3-10.
What expression at Mark 13:10 shows the urgency of preaching the good news, and how should Jesus’ words affect us? (Rom. 13:11, 12; 1 Cor. 7:29-31; 2 Tim. 4:2)
Story 99
In an Upstairs Room
As portrayed in the picture, why are Jesus and his 12 apostles in a large upstairs room?
Who is the man leaving, and what is he going to do?
What special meal does Jesus begin after the Passover meal is finished?
The Passover reminded the Israelites of what event, and of what does this special meal remind Jesus’ followers?
After the Lord’s Evening Meal, what does Jesus tell his followers, and what do they do?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 26:14-30.
How does Matthew 26:15 show that Judas’ betrayal of Jesus was a deliberate act?
What twofold purpose is served by Jesus’ shed blood? (Matt. 26:27, 28; Jer. 31:31-33; Eph. 1:7; Heb. 9:19, 20)
Read Luke 22:1-39.
In what sense did Satan enter into Judas? (Luke 22:3; John 13:2; Acts 1:24, 25)
Read John 13:1-20.
In view of the account at John 13:2, can Judas be blamed for what he did, and what lesson can God’s servants learn from this? (Gen. 4:7; 2 Cor. 2:11; Gal. 6:1; Jas. 1:13, 14)
What powerful object lesson did Jesus provide? (John 13:15; Matt. 23:11; 1 Pet. 2:21)
Read John 17:1-26.
In what sense did Jesus pray for his followers to “be one”? (John 17:11, 21-23; Rom. 13:8; 14:19; Col. 3:14)
Story 100
Jesus in the Garden
Where do Jesus and his apostles go after leaving the upstairs room, and what does he tell them to do?
What does Jesus find when he comes back to where the apostles are, and how many times does this happen?
Who enters the garden, and what does Judas Iscariot do, as the picture shows?
Why does Judas kiss Jesus, and what does Peter do?
What does Jesus say to Peter, but why does Jesus not ask God to send any angels?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 26:36-56.
How is the way that Jesus counseled his disciples a fine example for Christian elders today? (Matt. 20:25-28; 26:40, 41; Gal. 5:17; Eph. 4:29, 31, 32)
How did Jesus view the use of carnal weapons against one’s fellowman? (Matt. 26:52; Luke 6:27, 28; John 18:36)
Read Luke 22:39-53.
When an angel appeared to Jesus in the garden of Gethsemane to strengthen him, did this indicate that Jesus was wavering in his faith? Explain. (Luke 22:41-43; Isa. 49:8; Matt. 4:10, 11; Heb. 5:7)
Read John 18:1-12.
How did Jesus protect his disciples from his opposers, and what can we learn from this example? (John 10:11, 12; 18:1, 6-9; Heb. 13:6; Jas. 2:25)
Story 101
Jesus Is Killed
Who is primarily responsible for Jesus’ death?
What do the apostles do when Jesus is taken by the religious leaders?
What happens at the house of Caiaphas, the high priest?
Why does Peter go away and weep?
After Jesus is returned to Pilate, what do the chief priests yell?
What happens to Jesus early Friday afternoon, and what promise does he make to an evildoer who hangs on a stake beside him?
Where will the Paradise that Jesus spoke of be located?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 26:57-75.
In what way did the members of the Jewish high court show that their hearts were wicked? (Matt. 26:59, 67, 68)
Read Matthew 27:1-50.
Why can we say that the remorse that Judas felt was not genuine? (Matt. 27:3, 4; Mark 3:29; 14:21; 2 Cor. 7:10, 11)
Read Luke 22:54-71.
What lesson can we learn from Peter’s denial of Jesus on the night of his betrayal and arrest? (Luke 22:60-62; Matt. 26:31-35; 1 Cor. 10:12)
Read Luke 23:1-49.
How did Jesus react to the injustice done to him, and what lesson can we learn from this? (Luke 23:33, 34; Rom. 12:17-19; 1 Pet. 2:23)
Read John 18:12-40.
What is shown by the fact that although Peter was momentarily paralyzed by fear of man, he recovered to become an outstanding apostle? (John 18:25-27; 1 Cor. 4:2; 1 Pet. 3:14, 15; 5:8, 9)
Read John 19:1-30.
What balanced view of material things did Jesus have? (John 2:1, 2, 9, 10; 19:23, 24; Matt. 6:31, 32; 8:20)
How were Jesus’ dying words a triumphant declaration that he had upheld Jehovah’s sovereignty? (John 16:33; 19:30; 2 Pet. 3:14; 1 John 5:4)
Story 102
Jesus Is Alive
Who is the woman in the picture, who are the two men, and where are they?
Why does Pilate tell the priests to send soldiers to guard Jesus’ tomb?
What does an angel do early on the third day after Jesus died, but what do the priests do?
Why are some women surprised when they visit Jesus’ tomb?
Why do Peter and John run to Jesus’ tomb, and what do they find?
What happened to Jesus’ body, but what does he do to show the disciples that he is alive?
Additional questions:
Read Matthew 27:62-66 and 28:1-15.
At the time of Jesus’ resurrection, how did the chief priests, Pharisees, and older men sin against the holy spirit? (Matt. 12:24, 31, 32; 28:11-15)
Read Luke 24:1-12.
How does the account of Jesus’ resurrection show that Jehovah views women as reliable witnesses? (Luke 24:4, 9, 10; Matt. 28:1-7)
Read John 20:1-12.
How does John 20:8, 9 help us see the need to be patient if we do not fully understand the fulfillment of a Bible prophecy? (Prov. 4:18; Matt. 17:22, 23; Luke 24:5-8; John 16:12)
Story 103
Into a Locked Room
What does Mary say to a man whom she thinks is the gardener, but what makes her realize that he is really Jesus?
What happens to two disciples who are walking to the village of Emmaus?
What amazing thing happens when two disciples tell the apostles that they saw Jesus?
How many times has Jesus appeared to his followers?
What does Thomas say when he hears that the disciples have seen the Lord, but what happens eight days later?
Additional questions:
Read John 20:11-29.
Was Jesus saying at John 20:23 that humans are authorized to forgive sins? Explain. (Ps. 49:2, 7; Isa. 55:7; 1 Tim. 2:5, 6; 1 John 2:1, 2)
Read Luke 24:13-43.
How can we prepare our heart so that it is receptive to Bible truths? (Luke 24:32, 33; Ezra 7:10; Matt. 5:3; Acts 16:14; Heb. 5:11-14)
Story 104
Jesus Returns to Heaven
How many disciples see Jesus on one occasion, and what does he talk to them about?
What is the Kingdom of God, and what will life on earth be like when Jesus rules as King for a thousand years?
For how many days has Jesus been appearing to his disciples, but what is it now time for him to do?
Just before leaving his disciples, what does Jesus tell them to do?
What is happening in the picture, and how does Jesus get hidden from sight?
Additional questions:
Read 1 Corinthians 15:3-8.
Why could the apostle Paul speak so confidently regarding Jesus’ resurrection, and about what things can Christians today speak confidently? (1 Cor. 15:4, 7, 8; Isa. 2:2, 3; Matt. 24:14; 2 Tim. 3:1-5)
Read Acts 1:1-11.
How widely did the preaching work spread, as foretold at Acts 1:8? (Acts 6:7; 9:31; 11:19-21; Col. 1:23)
Story 105
Waiting in Jerusalem
As the picture shows, what happens to Jesus’ followers who have been waiting in Jerusalem?
What surprise do visitors to Jerusalem receive?
What does Peter explain to the people?
How do the people feel after they listen to Peter, and what does he tell them to do?
How many people get baptized on that day of Pentecost, 33 C.E.?
Additional questions:
Read Acts 2:1-47.
How did Peter’s words found at Acts 2:23, 36 show that the entire Jewish nation shared responsibility for Jesus’ death? (1 Thess. 2:14, 15)
How did Peter set a good example of reasoning from the Scriptures? (Acts 2:16, 17, 29, 31, 36, 39; Col. 4:6)
How did Peter use the first of “the keys of the kingdom of the heavens,” which Jesus had promised to give to him? (Acts 2:14, 22-24, 37, 38; Matt. 16:19)
Story 106
Set Free From Prison
What happens to Peter and John one afternoon as they are going into the temple?
What does Peter say to a lame man, and what does Peter give him that is more valuable than money?
Why are the religious leaders angry, and what do they do to Peter and John?
What does Peter say to the religious leaders, and what warning do the apostles receive?
Why are the religious leaders jealous, but what happens when the apostles are put into prison the second time?
How do the apostles answer when they are brought into the Sanhedrin hall?
Additional questions:
Read Acts 3:1-10.
Although we are not empowered to perform miracles today, how do Peter’s words recorded at Acts 3:6 help us to appreciate the value of the Kingdom message? (John 17:3; 2 Cor. 5:18-20; Phil. 3:8)
Read Acts 4:1-31.
When we face opposition in the ministry, in what way should we imitate our first-century Christian brothers? (Acts 4:29, 31; Eph. 6:18-20; 1 Thess. 2:2)
Read Acts 5:17-42.
How have some non-Witnesses, both past and present, shown reasonableness regarding the preaching work? (Acts 5:34-39)
Story 107
Stephen Is Stoned
Who is Stephen, and what has God been helping him to do?
What does Stephen say that makes the religious leaders very angry?
When the men drag Stephen outside the city, what do they do to him?
In the picture, who is the young man standing beside the coats?
Before he dies, what does Stephen pray to Jehovah?
In imitation of Stephen, what should we do when someone does something bad to us?
Additional questions:
Read Acts 6:8-15.
What deceptive practices have religious leaders used to try to stop the preaching work of Jehovah’s Witnesses? (Acts 6:9, 11, 13)
Read Acts 7:1-60.
What helped Stephen to be effective in defending the good news before the Sanhedrin, and what can we learn from his example? (Acts 7:51-53; Rom. 15:4; 2 Tim. 3:14-17; 1 Pet. 3:15)
What attitude should we cultivate toward opposers of our work? (Acts 7:58-60; Matt. 5:44; Luke 23:33, 34)
Story 108
On the Road to Damascus
What does Saul do after Stephen is killed?
When Saul is on his way to Damascus, what amazing thing happens?
What does Jesus tell Saul to do?
What instructions does Jesus give to Ananias, and how is Saul able to see again?
By what name does Saul become known, and how is he used?
Additional questions:
Read Acts 8:1-4.
How did the wave of persecution that struck the newly formed Christian congregation serve to spread the Christian faith, and what similar thing has occurred in modern times? (Acts 8:4; Isa. 54:17)
Read Acts 9:1-20.
What threefold mission did Jesus reveal that he had in mind for Saul? (Acts 9:15; 13:5; 26:1; 27:24; Rom. 11:13)
Read Acts 22:6-16.
How can we be like Ananias, and why is that important? (Acts 22:12; 1 Tim. 3:7; 1 Pet. 1:14-16; 2:12)
Read Acts 26:8-20.
How does Saul’s conversion to Christianity serve as an encouragement to those with unbelieving mates today? (Acts 26:11; 1 Tim. 1:14-16; 2 Tim. 4:2; 1 Pet. 3:1-3)
Story 109
Peter Visits Cornelius
Who is the man bowing down in the picture?
What does an angel say to Cornelius?
What does God make Peter see when he is on the roof of Simon’s house in Joppa?
Why does Peter tell Cornelius that he should not bow down and worship him?
Why are the Jewish disciples with Peter amazed?
What important lesson should we learn from Peter’s visit to Cornelius?
Additional questions:
Read Acts 10:1-48.
What do Peter’s words found at Acts 10:42 show about the work of preaching the good news of the Kingdom? (Matt. 28:19; Mark 13:10; Acts 1:8)
Read Acts 11:1-18.
What attitude did Peter display when Jehovah’s direction regarding Gentiles became obvious, and how can we imitate his example? (Acts 11:17, 18; 2 Cor. 10:5; Eph. 5:17)
Story 110
Timothy—Paul’s New Helper
Who is the young man in the picture, where does he live, and what are the names of his mother and grandmother?
What does Timothy say when Paul asks him if he wants to join Silas and Paul in preaching to people far away?
Where is it that Jesus’ followers are first called Christians?
What are some of the cities that Paul, Silas, and Timothy visit once they leave Lystra?
How does Timothy help Paul, and what question should young ones today ask themselves?
Additional questions:
Read Acts 9:19-30.
How did the apostle Paul show discretion when he faced opposition to the good news? (Acts 9:22-25, 29, 30; Matt. 10:16)
Read Acts 11:19-26.
How does the account recorded at Acts 11:19-21, 26 show that Jehovah’s spirit is guiding and directing the preaching work?
Read Acts 13:13-16, 42-52.
How does Acts 13:51, 52 show that the disciples did not allow opposition to discourage them? (Matt. 10:14; Acts 18:6; 1 Pet. 4:14)
Read Acts 14:1-6, 19-28.
How does the expression “they committed them to Jehovah” help to relieve us of any undue anxiety as we assist new ones? (Acts 14:21-23; 20:32; John 6:44)
Read Acts 16:1-5.
How does Timothy’s willingness to submit to circumcision emphasize the importance of doing “all things for the sake of the good news”? (Acts 16:3; 1 Cor. 9:23; 1 Thess. 2:8)
Read Acts 18:1-11, 18-22.
What does Acts 18:9, 10 indicate regarding Jesus’ personal involvement in directing the preaching work, and what confidence does that give us today? (Matt. 28:20)
Story 111
A Boy Who Fell Asleep
In the picture, who is the boy lying on the ground, and what happened to him?
What does Paul do when he sees that the boy is dead?
Where are Paul, Timothy, and those traveling with them going, and what happens when they stop at Miletus?
What warning does the prophet Agabus give Paul, and how does it happen just as the prophet says?
Additional questions:
Read Acts 20:7-38.
How can we remain “clean from the blood of all men,” according to Paul’s words recorded at Acts 20:26, 27? (Ezek. 33:8; Acts 18:6, 7)
Why should elders be “holding firmly to the faithful word” when teaching? (Acts 20:17, 29, 30; Titus 1:7-9; 2 Tim. 1:13)
Read Acts 26:24-32.
How did Paul use his Roman citizenship in fulfilling the preaching commission he had received from Jesus? (Acts 9:15; 16:37, 38; 25:11, 12; 26:32; Luke 21:12, 13)
Story 112
Shipwrecked on an Island
What happens to the boat Paul is on as it passes near the island of Crete?
What does Paul say to those on the boat?
How does the boat get broken into pieces?
What instructions does the army officer in charge give, and how many people get to the shore safely?
What is the name of the island they land on, and what happens to Paul when the weather gets better?
Additional questions:
Read Acts 27:1-44.
How is our confidence in the accuracy of the Bible record strengthened when we read the account of Paul’s voyage to Rome? (Acts 27:16-19, 27-32; Luke 1:3; 2 Tim. 3:16, 17)
Read Acts 28:1-14.
If the pagan inhabitants of Malta were moved to treat the apostle Paul and his shipwreck companions with “extraordinary human kindness,” Christians should be moved to show what and especially in what way? (Acts 28:1, 2; Heb. 13:1, 2; 1 Pet. 4:9)
Story 113
Paul in Rome
Who does Paul preach to while he is a prisoner in Rome?
In the picture, who is the visitor at the table, and what is he doing for Paul?
Who is Epaphroditus, and what does he take with him when he returns to Philippi?
Why does Paul write a letter to his close friend Philemon?
What does Paul do when he is set free, and what happens to him later?
Whom does Jehovah use to write the last books of the Bible, and what does the book of Revelation tell about?
Additional questions:
Read Acts 28:16-31 and Philippians 1:13.
How did Paul use his time while imprisoned in Rome, and what effect did his unwavering faith have on the Christian congregation? (Acts 28:23, 30; Phil. 1:14)
Read Philippians 2:19-30.
What expressions of appreciation did Paul make regarding Timothy and Epaphroditus, and how can we imitate Paul’s example? (Phil. 2:20, 22, 25, 29, 30; 1 Cor. 16:18; 1 Thess. 5:12, 13)
Read Philemon 1-25.
On what basis did Paul urge Philemon to do what was proper, and how does this serve as a guide for elders today? (Philem. 9; 2 Cor. 8:8; Gal. 5:13)
How does Paul’s expression found at Philemon 13, 14 show that he respected the conscience of others in the congregation? (1 Cor. 8:7, 13; 10:31-33)
Read 2 Timothy 4:7-9.
Like the apostle Paul, how can we have confidence that Jehovah will reward us if we remain faithful to the end? (Matt. 24:13; Heb. 6:10)
Story 114
The End of All Badness
Why does the Bible speak of horses in heaven?
What is the name of God’s war with bad people on the earth, and what is the purpose of this war?
From the picture, who is the One who will take the lead in the fighting, why does he wear a crown, and what does his sword mean?
Looking back at Stories 10, 15, and 33, why should we not be surprised that God will destroy bad people?
How do Stories 36 and 76 show us that God will destroy bad people even if they claim to worship him?
Additional questions:
Read Revelation 19:11-16.
How do the Scriptures make clear that Jesus Christ is the rider on the white horse? (Rev. 1:5; 3:14; 19:11; Isa. 11:4)
How does the blood sprinkled on Jesus’ outer garment confirm that his victory is decisive and complete? (Rev. 14:18-20; 19:13)
Who are likely included in the armies that follow Jesus on his white horse? (Rev. 12:7; 19:14; Matt. 25:31, 32)
Story 115
A New Paradise on Earth
What conditions does the Bible indicate we will enjoy in the earthly Paradise?
What is the Bible’s promise for those who live in Paradise?
When will Jesus see to it that this wonderful change takes place?
When Jesus was on earth, what did he do to show what he would do as King of God’s Kingdom?
What will Jesus and his heavenly corulers make sure of when they rule over the earth from heaven?
Additional questions:
Read Revelation 5:9, 10.
Why can we have confidence that those ruling over the earth during the Millennial Reign will be sympathetic and merciful kings and priests? (Eph. 4:20-24; 1 Pet. 1:7; 3:8; 5:6-10)
Read Revelation 14:1-3.
What is signified by the fact that the name of the Father and the name of the Lamb are written on the foreheads of the 144,000? (1 Cor. 3:23; 2 Tim. 2:19; Rev. 3:12)
Story 116
How We Can Live Forever
What do we need to know if we are to live forever?
How can we learn about Jehovah God and Jesus, as shown by the little girl and her friends in the picture?
What other book do you see in the picture, and why should we read it often?
Besides learning about Jehovah and Jesus, what else is needed to gain everlasting life?
What lesson do we learn from Story 69?
What does the good example of little Samuel in Story 55 show?
How can we follow the example of Jesus Christ, and if we do, what will we be able to do in the future?
Additional questions:
Read John 17:3.
How do the Scriptures show that taking in knowledge of Jehovah God and Jesus Christ means more than merely memorizing facts? (Matt. 7:21; Jas. 2:18-20; 1 John 2:17)
Read Psalm 145:1-21.
What are some of the many reasons we have for praising Jehovah? (Ps. 145:8-11; Rev. 4:11)
How is Jehovah “good to all,” and how should this draw us ever closer to him? (Ps. 145:9; Matt. 5:43-45)
If Jehovah is dear to our heart, what will we be moved to do? (Ps. 119:171, 172, 175; 145:11, 12, 21) |
What Is the Passover? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502017200 | What Is the Passover?
The Bible’s answer
The Passover is the Jewish celebration of God’s liberating the Israelites from Egyptian slavery in 1513 B.C.E. God commanded the Israelites to remember that important event each year on the 14th day of the Jewish month Abib, which was later called Nisan.—Exodus 12:42; Leviticus 23:5.
Why called the Passover?
The word “Passover” refers to the time when God spared the Israelites from the calamity that killed every firstborn in Egypt. (Exodus 12:27; 13:15) Before God carried out this devastating plague, he told the Israelites to splash the blood of a slaughtered lamb or goat on their doorways. (Exodus 12:21, 22, footnote) God would see this sign and “pass over” their homes and spare their firstborn.—Exodus 12:7, 13.
How was the Passover observed in Bible times?
God gave the Israelites instructions on how to celebrate the first Passover.a Some features of Passovers mentioned in the Bible include the following.
Sacrifice: Families selected a one-year-old lamb (or goat) on the tenth day of Abib (Nisan), and on the 14th day, they slaughtered it. On the first Passover, the Jews splashed some of its blood on their doorposts and the upper part of their doorway, roasted the animal whole, and ate it.—Exodus 12:3-9.
Meal: In addition to the lamb (or goat), the Israelites ate unleavened bread and bitter greens as part of the Passover meal.—Exodus 12:8.
Festival: The Israelites celebrated the Festival of Unleavened Bread for seven days after the Passover, during which time they did not eat leavened bread.—Exodus 12:17-20; 2 Chronicles 30:21.
Education: Parents used the Passover to teach their children about Jehovah God.—Exodus 12:25-27.
Travel: Later on, the Israelites traveled to Jerusalem to celebrate the Passover.—Deuteronomy 16:5-7; Luke 2:41.
Other customs: In Jesus’ day, wine and singing were included in the Passover celebration.—Matthew 26:19, 30; Luke 22:15-18.
Misconceptions about the Passover
Misconception: The Israelites ate the Passover meal on Nisan 15.
Fact: God commanded the Israelites to slaughter a lamb just after sunset on Nisan 14 and to eat it on the same night. (Exodus 12:6, 8) The Israelites measured their day from sunset to sunset. (Leviticus 23:32) Thus, the Israelites slaughtered the lamb and ate the Passover meal at the start of Nisan 14.
Misconception: Christians should celebrate the Passover.
Fact: After Jesus celebrated the Passover on Nisan 14, 33 C.E., he introduced a new observance: the Lord’s Evening Meal. (Luke 22:19, 20; 1 Corinthians 11:20) This meal replaced the Passover, since it commemorates the sacrifice of “Christ [the] Passover lamb.” (1 Corinthians 5:7) Jesus’ ransom sacrifice is superior to the Passover sacrifice in that it frees all people from slavery to sin and death.—Matthew 20:28; Hebrews 9:15.
a As time passed, however, some adjustments needed to be made. For example, the Israelites observed the first Passover “in a hurry” because they needed to be ready to leave Egypt. (Exodus 12:11) However, once they arrived in the Promised Land, the Israelites no longer had to celebrate in haste. |
Sing Praises (ssb)
1984 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/Ssb | Song 112
Then They Will Know
(Ezekiel 35:15)
1. Long have your foes your holy name reviled,
With their deceit your holy place defiled.
Soon will your King your righteousness make known;
Satan’s dominion will be overthrown.
(Chorus)
2. Your glorious pow’r, by Satan long defied,
Soon will be shown and nevermore denied.
His earthly host, in Armageddon’s war,
Will meet destruction and oppress no more.
(Chorus)
3. Proud hearts that know no pity for the meek
To hold their pow’r o’er all mankind do seek.
Your mighty arm will break the hateful yoke.
Soon men will vanish who your wrath provoke.
(CHORUS)
Then they will know you only are Jehovah;
Then they will know your ways are just and true.
Then they will know throughout the whole creation,
All you have purposed you will surely do. |
Love People (lmd)
2023 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/lmd | input Page/Publishers’ Page
Love People—Make Disciples
This publication is not for sale. It is provided as part of a worldwide Bible educational work supported by voluntary donations.
To make a donation, please visit donate.jw.org.
Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations are from the modern-language New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures.
April 2023 Printing
English (lmd-E)
© 2023 Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania |
“All Scripture” (si)
1990 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/books/all-scripture-si | Bible Book Number 16—Nehemiah
Writer: Nehemiah
Place Written: Jerusalem
Writing Completed: After 443 B.C.E.
Time Covered: 456–after 443 B.C.E.
1. What position of trust did Nehemiah hold, and what was uppermost in his mind?
NEHEMIAH, whose name means “Jah Comforts,” was a Jewish servant of the Persian king Artaxerxes (Longimanus). He was cupbearer to the king. This was a position of great trust and honor, one to be desired, for it gave access to the king at times when he was in a happy frame of mind and ready to grant favors. However, Nehemiah was one of those faithful exiles who preferred Jerusalem above any personal “cause for rejoicing.” (Ps. 137:5, 6) It was not position or material wealth that was uppermost in Nehemiah’s thoughts but, rather, the restoration of Jehovah’s worship.
2. What sorry condition grieved Nehemiah, but what appointed time was drawing near?
2 In 456 B.C.E. those “left over from the captivity,” the Jewish remnant that had returned to Jerusalem, were not prospering. They were in a lamentable condition. (Neh. 1:3) The wall of the city was rubble, and the people were a reproach in the eyes of their ever-present adversaries. Nehemiah was grieved. However, it was Jehovah’s appointed time for something to be done about the wall of Jerusalem. Enemies or no enemies, Jerusalem with its protective wall must be built as a time marker in connection with a prophecy that Jehovah had given Daniel concerning the coming of Messiah. (Dan. 9:24-27) Accordingly, Jehovah directed events, using faithful and zealous Nehemiah to carry out the divine will.
3. (a) What proves Nehemiah to be the writer, and how did the book come to be called Nehemiah? (b) What interval separates this book from the book of Ezra, and what years does the book of Nehemiah cover?
3 Nehemiah is undoubtedly the writer of the book that bears his name. The opening statement, “The words of Nehemiah the son of Hacaliah,” and the use of the first person in the writing clearly prove this. (Neh. 1:1) Originally the books of Ezra and Nehemiah were one book, called Ezra. Later, the Jews divided the book into First and Second Ezra, and later still Second Ezra became known as Nehemiah. An interval of about 12 years lies between the closing events of Ezra and the opening events of Nehemiah, whose history then covers the period from the end of 456 B.C.E. till after 443 B.C.E.—1:1; 5:14; 13:6.
4. How does the book of Nehemiah harmonize with the rest of the Scriptures?
4 The book of Nehemiah harmonizes with the rest of inspired Scripture, with which it rightfully belongs. It contains numerous allusions to the Law, referring to matters such as marriage alliances with foreigners (Deut. 7:3; Neh. 10:30), loans (Lev. 25:35-38; Deut. 15:7-11; Neh. 5:2-11), and the Festival of Booths (Deut. 31:10-13; Neh. 8:14-18). Further, the book marks the beginning of the fulfillment of Daniel’s prophecy that Jerusalem would be rebuilt but not without opposition, “in the straits of the times.”—Dan. 9:25.
5. (a) Evidence from what sources pinpoints the accession year of Artaxerxes as 475 B.C.E.? (b) What date marks his 20th year? (c) How do the books of Nehemiah and Luke tie in with the fulfillment of Daniel’s prophecy about the Messiah?
5 What about the date 455 B.C.E. for Nehemiah’s journey to Jerusalem to rebuild the city wall? Reliable historical evidence from Greek, Persian, and Babylonian sources points to 475 B.C.E. as the accession year of Artaxerxes and 474 B.C.E. as his first regnal year.a This would make his 20th year 455 B.C.E. Nehemiah 2:1-8 indicates it was in the spring of that year, in the Jewish month Nisan, that Nehemiah, the royal cupbearer, received from the king permission to restore and rebuild Jerusalem, its wall, and its gates. Daniel’s prophecy stated that 69 weeks of years, or 483 years, would stretch “from the going forth of the word to restore and to rebuild Jerusalem until Messiah the Leader”—a prophecy that was remarkably fulfilled at Jesus’ anointing in 29 C.E., a date that may be harmonized with both secular and Biblical history.b (Dan. 9:24-27; Luke 3:1-3, 23) Indeed, the books of Nehemiah and Luke tie in remarkably with Daniel’s prophecy in showing Jehovah God to be the Author and Fulfiller of true prophecy! Nehemiah is truly a part of the inspired Scriptures.
outputS OF NEHEMIAH
6. (a) What report causes Nehemiah to pray to Jehovah, and what request does the king grant? (b) How do the Jews respond to Nehemiah’s plan?
6 Nehemiah sent to Jerusalem (1:1–2:20). Nehemiah is greatly troubled by a report from Hanani, who has returned to Shushan from Jerusalem bearing tidings of the severe plight of the Jews there and the broken-down state of the wall and gates. He fasts and prays to Jehovah as “the God of the heavens, the God great and fear-inspiring, keeping the covenant and loving-kindness toward those loving him and keeping his commandments.” (1:5) He confesses Israel’s sins and petitions Jehovah to remember His people because of His name, even as He promised Moses. (Deut. 30:1-10) When the king asks Nehemiah about the reason for his gloomy countenance, Nehemiah tells him of the condition of Jerusalem and requests permission to return and rebuild the city and its wall. His request is granted, and immediately he journeys to Jerusalem. Following a nighttime inspection of the city wall to acquaint himself with the job ahead, he reveals his plan to the Jews, emphasizing God’s hand in the matter. At this they say: “Let us get up, and we must build.” (Neh. 2:18) When the neighboring Samaritans and others hear that the work has started, they begin to deride and mock.
7. How does the work proceed, and what situation calls for reorganization?
7 The wall rebuilt (3:1–6:19). Work on the wall begins on the third day of the fifth month, with the priests, the princes, and the people sharing together in the labor. The city gates and the walls between are rapidly repaired. Sanballat the Horonite taunts: “What are the feeble Jews doing? . . . Will they finish up in a day?” To this, Tobiah the Ammonite adds his ridicule: “Even what they are building, if a fox went up against it, he would certainly break down their wall of stones.” (4:2, 3) As the wall reaches half its height, the combined adversaries grow angry and conspire to come up and fight against Jerusalem. But Nehemiah exhorts the Jews to keep in mind “Jehovah the great and the fear-inspiring One” and to fight for their families and their homes. (4:14) The work is reorganized to meet the tense situation; some stand guard with lances while others work with their swords on their hips.
8. How does Nehemiah handle problems among the Jews themselves?
8 However, there are also problems among the Jews themselves. Some of them are exacting usury from their fellow worshipers of Jehovah, contrary to his law. (Ex. 22:25) Nehemiah corrects the situation, counseling against materialism, and the people willingly comply. Nehemiah himself, during all his 12 years of governorship, from 455 B.C.E. to 443 B.C.E., never demands the bread due the governor because of the heavy service upon the people.
9. (a) How does Nehemiah meet subtle tactics to stop the building? (b) In what time is the wall completed?
9 The enemies now try more subtle tactics to stop the building. They invite Nehemiah to come down for a conference, but he replies that he cannot take time off from the great work that he is doing. Sanballat now charges Nehemiah with rebellion and planning to make himself king in Judah, and he secretly hires a Jew to frighten Nehemiah into wrongfully hiding in the temple. Nehemiah refuses to be intimidated, and he calmly and obediently goes about his God-assigned task. The wall is completed “in fifty-two days.”—Neh. 6:15.
10. (a) Where do the people live, and what enrollment is made? (b) What assembly is now called, and what is the first day’s program?
10 Instructing the people (7:1–12:26). There are but few people and houses within the city, for most of the Israelites are living outside according to their tribal inheritances. God directs Nehemiah to assemble the nobles and all the people to get them enrolled genealogically. In doing this, he consults the record of those who returned from Babylon. An eight-day assembly is next called at the public square by the Water Gate. Ezra opens the program from a wooden podium. He blesses Jehovah and then reads from the book of the Law of Moses from daybreak until midday. He is ably assisted by other Levites, who explain the Law to the people and continue ‘reading aloud from the book, from the Law of the true God, it being expounded, and there being a putting of meaning into it; and they continue giving understanding in the reading.’ (8:8) Nehemiah urges the people to feast and rejoice and to appreciate the force of the words: “The joy of Jehovah is your stronghold.”—8:10.
11. What special meeting is held on the second day, and how does the assembly proceed with rejoicing?
11 On the second day of the assembly, the heads of the people have a special meeting with Ezra to gain insight into the Law. They learn of the Festival of Booths that should be celebrated this very seventh month, and they immediately arrange to build booths for this feast to Jehovah. There is “very great rejoicing” as they dwell in booths for the seven days, hearing day by day the reading of the Law. On the eighth day, they hold a solemn assembly, “according to the rule.”—Neh. 8:17, 18; Lev. 23:33-36.
12. (a) What assembly is held later in the same month, with what theme? (b) What resolution is adopted? (c) What arrangement is made for populating Jerusalem?
12 On the 24th day of the same month, the sons of Israel again assemble and proceed to separate themselves from all the foreigners. They listen to a special reading of the Law and then a heart-searching review of God’s dealings with Israel, presented by a group of the Levites. This takes as its theme: “Rise, bless Jehovah your God from time indefinite to time indefinite. And let them bless your glorious name, which is exalted above all blessing and praise.” (Neh. 9:5) They proceed to confess the sins of their forefathers and humbly to petition Jehovah’s blessing. This is in the form of a resolution that is attested to by the seal of the nation’s representatives. The entire group agree to keep free from intermarriage with the peoples of the land, to observe the Sabbaths, and to provide for the temple service and workers. One person out of every ten is selected by lot to dwell permanently in Jerusalem, inside the wall.
13. What assembly program marks the dedication of the wall, and what arrangements result?
13 The wall dedicated (12:27–13:3). The dedication of the newly built wall is a time of song and happiness. It is the occasion for another assembly. Nehemiah arranges for two large thanksgiving choirs and processions to walk upon the wall in opposite directions, finally joining in sacrifices at the house of Jehovah. Arrangements are made for material contributions to support the priests and the Levites at the temple. A further Bible reading reveals that Ammonites and Moabites should not be permitted to come into the congregation, and hence they begin to separate all the mixed company from Israel.
14. Describe the vices arising during Nehemiah’s absence, and the steps he takes to eliminate them.
14 Clearing out uncleanness (13:4-31). After spending a period of time in Babylon, Nehemiah returns to Jerusalem and finds that new vices have crept in among the Jews. How quickly things have changed! The high priest Eliashib has even made a dining hall in the courtyard of the temple for the use of Tobiah, an Ammonite, one of the enemies of God. Nehemiah wastes no time. He throws out Tobiah’s furniture and has all the dining halls cleansed. He finds, too, that the material contributions of the Levites have been discontinued, so they are going outside Jerusalem to make a living. Commercialism runs rampant in the city. The Sabbath is not observed. Nehemiah tells them: “You are adding to the burning anger against Israel by profaning the sabbath.” (13:18) He shuts up the city gates on the Sabbath to keep out the traders, and he orders them away from the city wall. But there is an evil worse than this, something they had solemnly agreed not to do again. They have brought foreign, pagan wives into the city. Already the offspring of these unions no longer speak the Jewish language. Nehemiah reminds them that Solomon sinned because of foreign wives. On account of this sin, Nehemiah chases out the grandson of Eliashib the high priest.c Then he sets in order the priesthood and the work of the Levites.
15. What humble request does Nehemiah make?
15 Nehemiah ends his book with the simple and humble request: “Do remember me, O my God, for good.”—13:31.
WHY BENEFICIAL
16. In what ways is Nehemiah a splendid example for all lovers of right worship?
16 Nehemiah’s godly devotion should be an inspiration to all lovers of right worship. He left a favored position to become a humble overseer among Jehovah’s people. He even refused the material contribution that was his right, and he roundly condemned materialism as a snare. The zealous pursuit and upkeep of Jehovah’s worship was what Nehemiah advocated for the entire nation. (5:14, 15; 13:10-13) Nehemiah was a splendid example to us in being entirely unselfish and discreet, a man of action, fearless for righteousness in the face of danger. (4:14, 19, 20; 6:3, 15) He had the proper fear of God and was interested in building up his fellow servants in the faith. (13:14; 8:9) He vigorously applied the law of Jehovah, especially as it related to true worship and the rejection of foreign influences, such as marriages with pagans.—13:8, 23-29.
17. How is Nehemiah an example also in knowledge and in application of God’s law?
17 Throughout the book it is evident that Nehemiah had a good knowledge of Jehovah’s law, and he made good use of this. He invoked God’s blessing because of Jehovah’s promise at Deuteronomy 30:1-4, having full faith that Jehovah would act loyally on his behalf. (Neh. 1:8, 9) He arranged numerous assemblies, principally to acquaint the Jews with the things written aforetime. In their reading of the Law, Nehemiah and Ezra were diligent to make God’s Word plain to the people and to follow through by applying it.—8:8, 13-16; 13:1-3.
18. What lessons should Nehemiah’s prayerful leadership impress on all overseers?
18 Nehemiah’s complete reliance on Jehovah and his humble petitions should encourage us to develop a like attitude of prayerful dependence on God. Note how his prayers glorified God, showed recognition of the sins of his people, and petitioned that Jehovah’s name be sanctified. (1:4-11; 4:14; 6:14; 13:14, 29, 31) That this zealous overseer was a power for strength among God’s people was shown by the readiness with which they followed his wise direction and the joy that they found in doing God’s will along with him. An inspiring example indeed! However, in the absence of a wise overseer, how quickly materialism, corruption, and outright apostasy crept in! Surely this should impress on all overseers among God’s people today the need to be alive, alert, zealous for the interests of their Christian brothers, and understanding and firm in leading them in the ways of true worship.
19. (a) How did Nehemiah use God’s Word to strengthen confidence in the Kingdom promises? (b) How does Kingdom hope stimulate God’s servants today?
19 Nehemiah showed strong reliance on God’s Word. Not only was he a zealous teacher of the Scriptures but he also used them in establishing the genealogical inheritances and the service of the priests and Levites among God’s restored people. (Neh. 1:8; 11:1–12:26; Josh. 14:1–21:45) This must have been of great encouragement to the Jewish remnant. It strengthened their confidence in the grand promises previously given concerning the Seed and the greater restoration to come under His Kingdom. It is hope in the Kingdom restoration that stimulates God’s servants to fight courageously for Kingdom interests and to be busy in building true worship throughout the earth.
[Footnotes]
a Insight on the Scriptures, Vol. 2, pages 613-16.
b Insight on the Scriptures, Vol. 2, pages 899-901.
c Some Jewish historians claim that this grandson of Eliashib was named Manasseh and that, with his father-in-law, Sanballat, he built the temple on Mount Gerizim, which became the center of Samaritan worship and at which he officiated as priest during his lifetime. Gerizim is the mountain referred to by Jesus at John 4:21.—The Second Temple in Jerusalem, 1908, W. Shaw Caldecott, pages 252-5; see The Watchtower, July 15, 1960, pages 425-6. |
Why Worship God (wj)
1993 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/wj | Bibliography
Introduction
1. Brahma Purāṇa, Ancient Indian Tradition and Mythology Series, 1985, Volume 33, Part 1, pages 150-1.
2. The Sikh Religion, Max Arthur Macauliffe, 1985, Volume 1, page 196.
3. The Bhagavad-Gītā, translated by R. C. Zaehner, 1973, page 269.
4. The Sikh Religion, Volume 1, page 155.
Chapter 1: Loving God in Deed and Truth
1. The Spiritual Heritage of India, Swami Prabhavananda, 1980, page 133.
2. The Brahma Sūtra, translated by S. Radhakrishnan, 1960, page 169.
3. The Sikh Religion, Max Arthur Macauliffe, 1985, Volume 4, page 206.
4. Methods of Knowledge, Swami Satprakashananda, Indian edition 1984, page 195.
5. Ibid., page 194.
6. Ibid., page 193.
7. The Bhagavad-Gītā, translated by R. C. Zaehner, 1973, page 374.
8. The Spiritual Heritage of India, page 86.
Chapter 4: The Vedas —The Search for Truth
1. The Teaching of the Vedas, Maurice Phillips, 1895, page 7.
2. The Rig Veda, translated by Wendy Doniger O’Flaherty, 1981, page 103.
3. Ibid., page 241.
4. Ibid., page 217.
5. A New History of Sanskrit Literature, Krishna Chaitanya, 1962, page 47.
6. The Rig Veda, page 35.
7. The Teaching of the Vedas, page 129.
8. The Upanishads, translated by Juan Mascaró, 1979, page 10.
9. The Hymns of the Ṛgveda, translated by Ralph T. H. Griffith, 1976, page 628.
Chapter 5: The Upanishads —The Love of Philosophy
1. The Vedic Age, edited by R. C. Majumdar, 1971, page 502.
2. A History of Indian Philosophy, Surendranath Dasgupta, Indian edition 1975, Volume 1, page 43.
3. The Upanishads, translated by Juan Mascaró, 1979, page 85.
4. The Wisdom of the Forest—Sages of the Indian Upanishads, translated by Geoffrey Parrinder, 1975, page 90.
5. The Upanishads, translated by Alistair Shearer and Peter Russell, 1978, page 46.
6. The Upanishads, translated by Juan Mascaró, 1979, pages 56-7.
7. The Upaniṣads, translated by F. Max Müller, 1962, Part 1, page 81.
8. The Thirteen Principal Upanishads, translated by Robert Ernest Hume, 1983, page 233.
9. India, Joe David Brown and the editors of LIFE, revised English edition 1963, page 32.
10. The Vedic Age, edited by R. C. Majumdar, 1971, page 476.
11. Advanced History of India, K. A. Nilakanta Sastri and G. Srinivasachari, 1982, page 55.
Chapter 6: The Epics —Truth and Fable
1. The Spiritual Heritage of India, Swami Prabhavananda, 1980, page 80.
2. Hinduism, Margaret Stutley, 1985, page 33.
3. History of Philosophy Eastern and Western, edited by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and others, 1952, Volume 1, page 85.
4. The Vedic Age, edited by R. C. Majumdar, 1971, page 273.
5. Ibid., page 295.
6. Indian Wisdom, Monier Monier-Williams, 1978, page 448.
7. Ibid., page 451.
8. Hindu Myths, translated by Wendy Doniger O’Flaherty, 1978, page 38.
9. Hinduism and Its Rationalism, M. Hariharan, 1987, page 53.
10. A History of Indian Literature, Maurice Winternitz, Volume 1, 1987, pages 294-5.
11. The Culture and Civilisation of Ancient India in Historical Outline, D. D. Kosambi, 1982, page 93.
Chapter 7: The Puranas and Hindu Worship Today
1. Hindu World, Benjamin Walker, first Indian edition 1983, Volume 2, page 254.
2. Brahma Purana, Ancient Indian Tradition and Mythology Series, Volume 33, Part 1, pages 150-1.
3. Epics, Myths and Legends of India, P. Thomas, 1980, page 16.
4. Encyclopaedia of Puranic Beliefs and Practices, Sadashiv A. Dange, 1986, Volume 1, page 200.
5. Hindu World, Volume 2, page 193.
6. India, Time-Life Books, 1986, page 38.
7. Epics, Myths and Legends of India, page 78.
8. Ibid., page 78; The Bhāgavata Purāṇa, translated by Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare, 1978, page 1463.
9. All About Hindu Temples, Swami Harshananda, 1981, page 14.
10. Encyclopaedia of Puranic Beliefs and Practices, Volume 1, pages 81-3.
11. Ibid., page 663.
Chapter 8: The Gurus —Their Role in Worship
1. The Spiritual Heritage of India, Swami Prabhavananda, 1980, page 147.
2. The Thirteen Principal Upanishads, translated from the Sanskrit, Robert Ernest Hume, 1983, pages 368-9.
3. The World of Gurus, Vishal Mangalwadi, 1977, pages 16-17.
4. Hinduism: Essence and Consequence, Arun Shourie, 1979, pages 356-7.
5. The World of Gurus, page 13.
6. Hinduism: Essence and Consequence, pages 356-7.
7. Hindu World, Benjamin Walker, first Indian edition 1983, Volume 1, pages 419-20.
8. Raja-Yoga, Swami Vivekananda, 1982, pages 240-1.
9. Tantrism, Benjamin Walker, 1985, page 132.
10. The World of Gurus, page 77.
11. Understanding Yoga, Tom McArthur, 1986, pages 103-4.
12. The World of Gurus, pages 142-3.
13. Ibid., page 95.
Chapter 9: Identifying God-Inspired Truth
1. Hindu World, Benjamin Walker, first Indian edition 1983, Volume 1, page 240.
2. God and the Astronomers, Robert Jastrow, Afterword by Dr. John A. O’Keefe and Professor Steven T. Katz, 1978, pages 131-2.
3. Cosmos, Carl Sagan, 1980, page 21.
4. The Bible Hand-Book: An Introduction to the Study of Sacred Scripture, Joseph Angus, 1868, page 122; Insight on the Scriptures, Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., 1988, Volume 2, page 1032.
5. The Culture and Civilisation of Ancient India in Historical Outline, D. D. Kosambi, 1982, page 78.
6. Advanced History of India, K. A. Nilakanta Sastri and G. Srinivasachari, 1982, page 83.
7. Scylax of Caria is credited with mentioning India in his writings before the time of Esther, but these are now lost. See The New Encyclopædia Britannica, 1992, Volume 10, page 576.
8. Life—How Did It Get Here? By Evolution or by Creation?, Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., 1985, pages 227-9.
Page 32
Quotation from The Upanishads, translated by Juan Mascaró, 1979, page 127. |
Daniel’s Prophecy (dp)
1999 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/dp | Chapter Two
Daniel—A Book on Trial
1, 2. In what sense does the book of Daniel stand accused, and why do you think it is important to consider evidence in its defense?
IMAGINE yourself in a court of law, attending an important trial. A man stands accused of fraud. The prosecuting attorney insists that the man is guilty. Yet, the accused has a long-standing reputation for integrity. Would you not be interested in hearing the evidence for the defense?
2 You are in a similar situation when it comes to the Bible book of Daniel. Its writer was a man renowned for integrity. The book that bears his name has been highly regarded for thousands of years. It presents itself as authentic history, written by Daniel, a Hebrew prophet who lived during the seventh and sixth centuries B.C.E. Accurate Biblical chronology shows that his book covers the period extending from about 618 to 536 B.C.E. and was completed by the latter date. But the book stands accused. Some encyclopedias and other reference works imply or assert outright that it is a fraud.
3. What does The New Encyclopædia Britannica say regarding the authenticity of the book of Daniel?
3 For example, The New Encyclopædia Britannica acknowledges that the book of Daniel was once “generally considered to be true history, containing genuine prophecy.” The Britannica claims that in reality, however, Daniel “was written in a later time of national crisis—when the Jews were suffering severe persecution under [Syrian King] Antiochus IV Epiphanes.” The encyclopedia dates the book between 167 and 164 B.C.E. This same work asserts that the writer of the book of Daniel does not prophesy the future but simply presents “events that are past history to him as prophecies of future happenings.”
4. When did criticism of the book of Daniel begin, and what fueled similar criticism in more recent centuries?
4 Where do such ideas originate? Criticism of the book of Daniel is not new. It started back in the third century C.E. with a philosopher named Porphyry. Like many in the Roman Empire, he felt threatened by the influence of Christianity. He wrote 15 books to undermine this “new” religion. The 12th was directed against the book of Daniel. Porphyry pronounced the book a forgery, written by a Jew in the second century B.C.E. Similar attacks came in the 18th and 19th centuries. In the view of higher critics and rationalists, prophecy—the foretelling of future events—is impossible. Daniel became a favorite target. In effect, he and his book were put on trial in court. Critics claimed to have ample proof that the book was written, not by Daniel during the Jewish exile in Babylon, but by someone else centuries later.a Such attacks became so profuse that one author even wrote a defense called Daniel in the Critics’ Den.
5. Why is the question of the authenticity of Daniel an important one?
5 Is there proof behind the confident assertions of the critics? Or does the evidence back the defense? A lot is at stake here. It is not just the reputation of this ancient book but also our future that is involved. If the book of Daniel is a fraud, its promises for mankind’s future are just hollow words at best. But if it contains genuine prophecies, doubtless you will be eager to learn what these mean for us today. With that in mind, let us examine some of the attacks upon Daniel.
6. What charge is sometimes made regarding the history in Daniel?
6 Take, for example, the charge made in The Encyclopedia Americana: “Many historical details of the earlier periods [such as that of the Babylonian exile] have been badly garbled” in Daniel. Is this really so? Let us consider three alleged mistakes, one at a time.
THE CASE OF THE MISSING MONARCH
7. (a) Why did Daniel’s references to Belshazzar long delight critics of the Bible? (b) What happened to the notion that Belshazzar was merely a fictitious character?
7 Daniel wrote that Belshazzar, a “son” of Nebuchadnezzar, was ruling as king in Babylon when the city was overthrown. (Daniel 5:1, 11, 18, 22, 30) Critics long assailed this point, for Belshazzar’s name was nowhere to be found outside the Bible. Instead, ancient historians identified Nabonidus, a successor to Nebuchadnezzar, as the last of the Babylonian kings. Thus, in 1850, Ferdinand Hitzig said that Belshazzar was obviously a figment of the writer’s imagination. But does not Hitzig’s opinion strike you as a bit rash? After all, would the absence of any mention of this king—especially in a period about which historical records were admittedly scanty—really prove that he never existed? At any rate, in 1854 some small clay cylinders were unearthed in the ruins of the ancient Babylonian city of Ur in what is now southern Iraq. These cuneiform documents from King Nabonidus included a prayer for “Bel-sar-ussur, my eldest son.” Even critics had to agree: This was the Belshazzar of the book of Daniel.
8. How has Daniel’s description of Belshazzar as a reigning king been proved true?
8 Yet, critics were not satisfied. “This proves nothing,” wrote one named H. F. Talbot. He charged that the son in the inscription might have been a mere child, whereas Daniel presents him as a reigning king. Just a year after Talbot’s remarks were published, though, more cuneiform tablets were unearthed that referred to Belshazzar as having secretaries and a household staff. No child, this! Finally, other tablets clinched the matter, reporting that Nabonidus was away from Babylon for years at a time. These tablets also showed that during these periods, he “entrusted the kingship” of Babylon to his eldest son (Belshazzar). At such times, Belshazzar was, in effect, king—a coregent with his father.b
9. (a) In what sense may Daniel have meant that Belshazzar was the son of Nebuchadnezzar? (b) Why are critics wrong to assert that Daniel does not even hint at the existence of Nabonidus?
9 Still unsatisfied, some critics complain that the Bible calls Belshazzar, not the son of Nabonidus, but the son of Nebuchadnezzar. Some insist that Daniel does not even hint at the existence of Nabonidus. However, both objections collapse upon examination. Nabonidus, it seems, married the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar. That would make Belshazzar the grandson of Nebuchadnezzar. Neither the Hebrew nor the Aramaic language has words for “grandfather” or “grandson”; “son of” can mean “grandson of” or even “descendant of.” (Compare Matthew 1:1.) Further, the Bible account does allow for Belshazzar to be identified as the son of Nabonidus. When terrified by the ominous handwriting on the wall, the desperate Belshazzar offers the third place in the kingdom to anyone who can decipher the words. (Daniel 5:7) Why third and not second? This offer implies that the first and second places were already occupied. In fact, they were—by Nabonidus and by his son, Belshazzar.
10. Why is Daniel’s account of the Babylonian monarchy more detailed than that of other ancient historians?
10 So Daniel’s mention of Belshazzar is not evidence of “badly garbled” history. On the contrary, Daniel—although not writing a history of Babylon—offers us a more detailed view of the Babylonian monarchy than such ancient secular historians as Herodotus, Xenophon, and Berossus. Why was Daniel able to record facts that they missed? Because he was there in Babylon. His book is the work of an eyewitness, not of an impostor of later centuries.
WHO WAS DARIUS THE MEDE?
11. According to Daniel, who was Darius the Mede, but what has been said of him?
11 Daniel reports that when Babylon was overthrown, a king named “Darius the Mede” began to rule. (Daniel 5:31) Darius the Mede has not yet been found by name in secular or archaeological sources. Thus, The New Encyclopædia Britannica asserts that this Darius is “a fictitious character.”
12. (a) Why should Bible critics know better than to state categorically that Darius the Mede never existed? (b) What is one possibility regarding the identity of Darius the Mede, and what evidence indicates this?
12 Some scholars have been more cautious. After all, critics once labeled Belshazzar “fictitious” as well. Undoubtedly, the case of Darius will prove similar. Already, cuneiform tablets have revealed that Cyrus the Persian did not assume the input “King of Babylon” immediately after the conquest. One researcher suggests: “Whoever bore the input of ‘King of Babylon’ was a vassal king under Cyrus, not Cyrus himself.” Could Darius have been the ruling name, or input, of a powerful Median official left in charge of Babylon? Some suggest that Darius may have been a man named Gubaru. Cyrus installed Gubaru as governor in Babylon, and secular records confirm that he ruled with considerable power. One cuneiform tablet says that he appointed subgovernors over Babylon. Interestingly, Daniel notes that Darius appointed 120 satraps to govern the kingdom of Babylon.—Daniel 6:1.
13. What is a logical reason why Darius the Mede is mentioned in the book of Daniel but not in secular records?
13 In time, more direct evidence of the precise identity of this king may come to light. In any case, the seeming silence of archaeology in this regard is hardly grounds to label Darius “fictitious,” much less to dismiss the entire book of Daniel as fraudulent. It is far more reasonable to see Daniel’s account as eyewitness testimony that is more detailed than surviving secular records.
THE REIGN OF JEHOIAKIM
14. Why is there no discrepancy between Daniel and Jeremiah regarding the years of King Jehoiakim’s reign?
14 Daniel 1:1 reads: “In the third year of the kingship of Jehoiakim the king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon came to Jerusalem and proceeded to lay siege to it.” Critics have found fault with this scripture because it does not seem to agree with Jeremiah, who says that the fourth year of Jehoiakim was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar. (Jeremiah 25:1; 46:2) Was Daniel contradicting Jeremiah? With more information, the matter is readily clarified. When first made king in 628 B.C.E. by Pharaoh Necho, Jehoiakim became a mere puppet of that Egyptian ruler. This was about three years before Nebuchadnezzar succeeded his father to the throne of Babylon, in 624 B.C.E. Soon thereafter (in 620 B.C.E.), Nebuchadnezzar invaded Judah and made Jehoiakim a vassal king under Babylon. (2 Kings 23:34; 24:1) To a Jew living in Babylon, Jehoiakim’s “third year” would have been the third year of that king’s vassal service to Babylon. Daniel wrote from that perspective. Jeremiah, however, wrote from the perspective of the Jews living right in Jerusalem. So he referred to Jehoiakim’s kingship as starting when Pharaoh Necho made him king.
15. Why is it a weak argument to attack the dating found in Daniel 1:1?
15 Really, then, this alleged discrepancy only bolsters the evidence that Daniel wrote his book in Babylon while among Jewish exiles. But there is another gaping hole in this argument against the book of Daniel. Remember that the writer of Daniel clearly had the book of Jeremiah available and even referred to it. (Daniel 9:2) If the writer of Daniel were a clever forger, as the critics claim, would he risk contradicting so respected a source as Jeremiah—and in the very first verse of his book at that? Of course not!
TELLING DETAILS
16, 17. How has archaeological evidence supported Daniel’s account of (a) Nebuchadnezzar’s setting up a religious image for all his people to worship? (b) Nebuchadnezzar’s boastful attitude about his construction projects in Babylon?
16 Let us now turn our attention from the negative to the positive. Consider some other details in the book of Daniel indicating that the writer had firsthand knowledge of the times he wrote about.
17 Daniel’s familiarity with subtle details about ancient Babylon is compelling evidence of the authenticity of his account. For instance, Daniel 3:1-6 reports that Nebuchadnezzar set up a giant image for all the people to worship. Archaeologists have found other evidence that this monarch sought to get his people more involved in nationalistic and religious practices. Similarly, Daniel records Nebuchadnezzar’s boastful attitude about his many construction projects. (Daniel 4:30) Not until modern times have archaeologists confirmed that Nebuchadnezzar was indeed behind a great deal of the building done in Babylon. As to boastfulness—why, the man had his name stamped on the very bricks! Daniel’s critics cannot explain how their supposed forger of Maccabean times (167-63 B.C.E.) could have known of such construction projects—some four centuries after the fact and long before archaeologists brought them to light.
18. How does Daniel’s account of the different forms of punishment under Babylonian rule and Persian rule reflect accuracy?
18 The book of Daniel also reveals some key differences between Babylonian and Medo-Persian law. For example, under Babylonian law Daniel’s three companions were thrown into a fiery furnace for refusing to obey the king’s command. Decades later, Daniel was thrown into a pit of lions for refusing to obey a Persian law that violated his conscience. (Daniel 3:6; 6:7-9) Some have tried to dismiss the fiery furnace account as legend, but archaeologists have found an actual letter from ancient Babylon that specifically mentions this form of punishment. To the Medes and the Persians, however, fire was sacred. So they turned to other vicious forms of punishment. Hence, the pit of lions comes as no surprise.
19. What contrast between the Babylonian and the Medo-Persian legal systems does the book of Daniel make clear?
19 Another contrast emerges. Daniel shows that Nebuchadnezzar could enact and change laws on a whim. Darius could do nothing to change ‘the laws of the Medes and the Persians’—even those he himself had enacted! (Daniel 2:5, 6, 24, 46-49; 3:10, 11, 29; 6:12-16) Historian John C. Whitcomb writes: “Ancient history substantiates this difference between Babylon, where the law was subject to the king, and Medo-Persia, where the king was subject to the law.”
20. What details regarding Belshazzar’s feast reflect Daniel’s firsthand knowledge of Babylonian customs?
20 The thrilling account of Belshazzar’s feast, which is recorded in Daniel chapter 5, is rich in detail. Apparently, it began with lighthearted eating and plenty of drinking, for there are several references to wine. (Daniel 5:1, 2, 4) In fact, relief carvings of similar feasts show only wine being consumed. Evidently, then, wine was extremely important at such festivities. Daniel also mentions that women were present at this banquet—the king’s secondary wives and his concubines. (Daniel 5:3, 23) Archaeology supports this detail of Babylonian custom. The notion of wives joining men at a feast was objectionable to Jews and Greeks in the Maccabean era. Perhaps that is why early versions of the Greek Septuagint translation of Daniel omit the mention of these women.c Yet, the alleged forger of Daniel would have lived in the same Hellenized (Greek) culture, and perhaps even during the same general era, that produced the Septuagint!
21. What is the most reasonable explanation of Daniel’s having intimate knowledge of the times and customs of the Babylonian exile?
21 In view of such details, it seems almost incredible that Britannica could describe the author of the book of Daniel as having only a “sketchy and inaccurate” knowledge of the exilic times. How could any forger of later centuries have been so intimately familiar with ancient Babylonian and Persian customs? Remember, too, that both empires had gone into decline long before the second century B.C.E. There were evidently no archaeologists back then; nor did the Jews of that time pride themselves on knowledge of foreign cultures and history. Only Daniel the prophet, an eyewitness of the times and events he described, could have written the Bible book bearing his name.
DO EXTERNAL FACTORS PROVE DANIEL A FORGERY?
22. What claim do critics make regarding the place of Daniel in the canon of the Hebrew Scriptures?
22 One of the most common arguments against the book of Daniel involves its place in the canon of the Hebrew Scriptures. The ancient rabbis arranged the books of the Hebrew Scriptures in three groups: the Law, the Prophets, and the Writings. They listed Daniel, not among the Prophets, but among the Writings. This means, the critics argue, that the book must have been unknown at the time when the works of the other prophets were collected. It is grouped among the Writings supposedly because these were collected later.
23. How did the ancient Jews view the book of Daniel, and how do we know this?
23 Nevertheless, not all Bible researchers agree that the ancient rabbis divided the canon in such a rigid manner or that they excluded Daniel from the Prophets. But even if the rabbis did list Daniel among the Writings, would this prove that it was written at a later date? No. Reputable scholars have suggested a number of reasons why the rabbis might have excluded Daniel from the Prophets. For instance, they may have done so because the book offended them or because they viewed Daniel himself as distinct from other prophets in that he held secular office in a foreign land. In any case, what really matters is this: The ancient Jews had deep regard for the book of Daniel and held it to be canonical. Moreover, the evidence suggests that the canon of the Hebrew Scriptures was closed long before the second century B.C.E. Later additions were simply not allowed, including some books written during the second century B.C.E.
24. How has the apocryphal book Ecclesiasticus been used against the book of Daniel, and what shows this reasoning to be faulty?
24 Ironically, one of these rejected later works has been used as an argument against the book of Daniel. The apocryphal book Ecclesiasticus, by Jesus Ben Sirach, was evidently composed about 180 B.C.E. Critics like to point out that Daniel is omitted from the book’s long list of righteous men. They reason that Daniel must have been unknown at the time. This argument is widely accepted among scholars. But consider this: The same list omits Ezra and Mordecai (both of whom were great heroes in the eyes of postexilic Jews), good King Jehoshaphat, and the upright man Job; of all the judges, it names only Samuel.d Because such men are omitted from a list that makes no claim to be exhaustive, occurring in a noncanonical book, must we dismiss all of them as fictitious? The very notion is preposterous.
OUTSIDE TESTIMONY IN FAVOR OF DANIEL
25. (a) How did Josephus attest to the genuineness of Daniel’s account? (b) In what way does Josephus’ account regarding Alexander the Great and the book of Daniel fit in with known history? (See second footnote.) (c) How does linguistic evidence support the book of Daniel? (See page 26.)
25 Let us move again to the positive. It has been suggested that no other book of the Hebrew Scriptures is as well attested to as Daniel. To illustrate: The famous Jewish historian Josephus attests to its authenticity. He says that Alexander the Great, during his war against Persia in the fourth century B.C.E., came to Jerusalem, where the priests showed him a copy of the book of Daniel. Alexander himself concluded that the words of Daniel’s prophecy that were pointed out to him referred to his own military campaign involving Persia.e This would have been about a century and a half before the “forgery” as proposed by critics. Of course, critics have assailed Josephus concerning this passage. They also assail him for noting that some prophecies in the book of Daniel were fulfilled. Yet, as historian Joseph D. Wilson remarked, “[Josephus] probably knew more of the matter than all the critics in the world.”
26. How have the Dead Sea Scrolls supported the authenticity of the book of Daniel?
26 The authenticity of the book of Daniel received further support when the Dead Sea Scrolls were found in the caves of Qumran, Israel. Surprisingly numerous among the finds discovered in 1952 are scrolls and fragments from the book of Daniel. The oldest has been dated to the late second century B.C.E. At that early date, therefore, the book of Daniel was already well-known and widely respected. Notes The Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia of the Bible: “A Maccabean dating for Daniel has now to be abandoned, if only because there could not possibly be a sufficient interval between the composition of Daniel and its appearance in the form of copies in the library of a Maccabean religious sect.”
27. What is the oldest evidence that Daniel was an actual person who was well-known during the Babylonian exile?
27 However, there is far older and more reliable attestation to the book of Daniel. One of Daniel’s contemporaries was the prophet Ezekiel. He too served as a prophet during the Babylonian exile. Several times, the book of Ezekiel mentions Daniel by name. (Ezekiel 14:14, 20; 28:3) These references show that even during his own lifetime, in the sixth century B.C.E., Daniel was already well-known as a righteous and a wise man, worthy of being mentioned alongside God-fearing Noah and Job.
THE GREATEST WITNESS
28, 29. (a) What is the most convincing proof of all that the book of Daniel is authentic? (b) Why should we accept Jesus’ testimony?
28 Finally, though, let us consider the greatest of all the witnesses to the authenticity of Daniel—none other than Jesus Christ. In his discussion of the last days, Jesus refers to “Daniel the prophet” and to one of Daniel’s prophecies.—Matthew 24:15; Daniel 11:31; 12:11.
29 Now if the Maccabean theory of the critics were correct, one of two things would have to be true. Either Jesus was duped by this forgery or he never said what Matthew quotes him as saying. Neither option is viable. If we cannot rely on Matthew’s Gospel account, how can we rely on other parts of the Bible? If we remove those sentences, what words will we next pluck from the pages of the Holy Scriptures? The apostle Paul wrote: “All Scripture is inspired of God and beneficial for teaching, . . . for setting things straight.” (2 Timothy 3:16) So if Daniel was a fraud, then Paul was another one! Could Jesus have been duped? Hardly. He was alive in heaven when the book of Daniel was written. Jesus even said: “Before Abraham came into existence, I have been.” (John 8:58) Of all humans who have ever lived, Jesus would be the best one for us to ask for information regarding the authenticity of Daniel. But we do not have to ask. As we have seen, his testimony could scarcely be any clearer.
30. How did Jesus further authenticate the book of Daniel?
30 Jesus further authenticated the book of Daniel at the very time of his baptism. He then became the Messiah, fulfilling a prophecy in Daniel regarding the 69 weeks of years. (Daniel 9:25, 26; see Chapter 11 of this book.) Even if what may be called the late date theory were true, the writer of Daniel still knew the future some 200 years in advance. Of course, God would not inspire a forger to utter true prophecies under a false name. No, the witness of Jesus is wholeheartedly accepted by people faithful to God. If all the experts, all the critics in the world, were to mount up as one to denounce Daniel, the testimony of Jesus would prove them wrong, for he is “the faithful and true witness.”—Revelation 3:14.
31. Why are many Bible critics still unconvinced as to the authenticity of Daniel?
31 Even this testimony is not enough for many Bible critics. After considering this subject thoroughly, one cannot help but wonder if any amount of evidence would be enough to convince them. One professor at Oxford University wrote: “Nothing is gained by a mere answer to objections, so long as the original prejudice, ‘there cannot be supernatural prophecy,’ remains.” So their prejudice blinds them. But that is their choice—and their loss.
32. What lies ahead in our study of Daniel?
32 What about you? If you can see that there is no real reason to doubt the authenticity of the book of Daniel, then you are ready for an exciting voyage of discovery. You will find the narratives in Daniel thrilling, the prophecies fascinating. More important, you will find your faith growing stronger with each chapter. You will never regret paying close attention to Daniel’s prophecy!
[Footnotes]
a Some critics try to temper the charge of forgery by saying that the writer used Daniel as a pseudonym, just as some ancient noncanonical books were written under assumed names. However, the Bible critic Ferdinand Hitzig held: “The case of the book of Daniel, if it is assigned to any other [writer], is different. Then it becomes a forged writing, and the intention was to deceive his immediate readers, though for their good.”
b Nabonidus was away when Babylon fell. Thus, Belshazzar is rightly described as king at that time. Critics quibble that secular records do not give Belshazzar the official input of king. Nevertheless, ancient evidence suggests that even a governor may have been spoken of as king by the people in those days.
c Hebrew scholar C. F. Keil writes of Daniel 5:3: “The LXX. have here, and also at ver. 23, omitted mention of the women, according to the custom of the Macedonians, Greeks, and Romans.”
d The apostle Paul’s inspired list of faithful men and women mentioned in Hebrews chapter 11, by contrast, does seem to allude to events recorded in Daniel. (Daniel 6:16-24; Hebrews 11:32, 33) However, the apostle’s list is not exhaustive either. There are many, including Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel, who are not named in the list, but this hardly proves that they never existed.
e Some historians have noted that this would explain why Alexander was so kind to the Jews, who were long-standing friends of the Persians. At the time, Alexander was on a campaign to destroy all friends of Persia.
WHAT DID YOU DISCERN?
• Of what has the book of Daniel been accused?
• Why are the critics’ attacks on the book of Daniel not well-founded?
• What evidence supports the authenticity of Daniel’s account?
• What is the most convincing proof that the book of Daniel is authentic?
[Box on page 26]
The Matter of Language
THE writing of the book of Daniel was completed in about 536 B.C.E. It was written in the Hebrew and Aramaic languages, with a few Greek and Persian words. Such a mixture of languages is unusual but not unique in Scripture. The Bible book of Ezra too was written in Hebrew and Aramaic. Yet, some critics insist that the writer of Daniel used these languages in a way that proves he was writing at a date later than 536 B.C.E. One critic is widely quoted as saying that the use of Greek words in Daniel demands a late date of composition. He asserts that the Hebrew supports and the Aramaic at least permits such a late date—even one as recent as in the second century B.C.E.
However, not all language scholars agree. Some authorities have said that Daniel’s Hebrew is similar to that of Ezekiel and Ezra and unlike that found in such later apocryphal works as Ecclesiasticus. As to Daniel’s use of Aramaic, consider two documents found among the Dead Sea Scrolls. They too are in Aramaic and date from the first and second centuries B.C.E.—not long after the supposed forgery of Daniel. But scholars have noted a profound difference between the Aramaic in these documents and that found in Daniel. Thus, some suggest that the book of Daniel must be centuries older than its critics assert.
What about the “problematic” Greek words in Daniel? Some of these have been discovered to be Persian, not Greek at all! The only words still thought to be Greek are the names of three musical instruments. Does the presence of these three words really demand that Daniel be assigned a late date? No. Archaeologists have found that Greek culture was influential centuries before Greece became a world power. Furthermore, if the book of Daniel had been composed during the second century B.C.E., when Greek culture and language were all-pervasive, would it contain only three Greek words? Hardly. It would likely contain far more. So the linguistic evidence really supports the authenticity of Daniel.
[Full-page picture on page 12]
[Pictures on page 20]
(Above) This inscription contains the boasting of Nebuchadnezzar regarding his construction projects
(Below) Babylonian temple cylinder names King Nabonidus and his son Belshazzar
[Picture on page 21]
According to the Nabonidus Chronicle, Cyrus’ army entered Babylon without a fight
[Pictures on page 22]
(Right) The “Verse Account of Nabonidus” reports that Nabonidus entrusted the rulership to his firstborn
(Left) Babylonian record of Nebuchadnezzar’s invasion of Judah |
IMITATE THEIR FAITH | ENOCH
“He Had Pleased God Well” | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2017010 | IMITATE THEIR FAITH | ENOCH
“He Had Pleased God Well”
ENOCH had lived a long time. It might be hard for us to imagine, but that man’s life stretched back for some 365 years—more than four very long life spans by today’s standards! But he was not truly old, not in the world of his time. Back then, over 50 centuries ago, people lived far longer than they do today. Adam, the first man, had been living for over six hundred years when Enoch was born, and Adam lived on for another three centuries! Some of Adam’s descendants lived even longer than that. So at 365, Enoch may still have looked fairly vibrant, like a man who had much of his life yet ahead of him. In fact, though, he did not.
Enoch was likely in grave danger. Picture him on the run, unable to put out of his mind the reaction of the people to whom he had recently spoken a message from God. Their faces were twisted with rage. Those people hated him. They despised his message, and they loathed the God who had sent him. They could not strike out at Enoch’s God, Jehovah, but they could certainly strike out at this man! Perhaps Enoch wondered if he would ever see his family again. Did he think of his wife and daughters or of his son Methuselah or of his grandson Lamech? (Genesis 5:21-23, 25) Was this the end?
Enoch is a somewhat mysterious figure in the Bible record. Only three short Bible passages deal with him at any length. (Genesis 5:21-24; Hebrews 11:5; Jude 14, 15) However, those verses provide, in effect, enough brushstrokes to paint a picture of a man of great faith. Do you provide for a family? Have you ever faced the struggle of standing up for what you know to be right? If so, you may learn much from the faith of Enoch.
“ENOCH KEPT WALKING WITH THE TRUE GOD”
Mankind was in a bad way when Enoch came along. It was the seventh generation in the line of Adam. Granted, humans were much closer to the physical perfection that Adam and Eve had once possessed and lost. That is why people still lived so long. Yet, they were in a terrible condition morally and spiritually. Violence was prevalent. That trend had started in the second generation, when Cain murdered his brother Abel. One of Cain’s descendants seems to have been quite proud of being even more violent and vengeful than Cain! In the third generation, a new evil arose. People began calling on the name of Jehovah, but not as a reverent act of worship. They were evidently using God’s sacred name in a blasphemous, disrespectful way.—Genesis 4:8, 23-26.
That kind of corrupt religion was likely in full sway during Enoch’s time. As Enoch grew up, then, he faced a choice. Would he fit in with the crowd of his day? Or would he search for the true God, Jehovah, who had made the heavens and the earth? He must have been deeply moved to learn about Abel, who had died as a martyr because he worshipped Jehovah in a way that pleased Him. Enoch decided to take a similar stand. Genesis 5:22 tells us: “Enoch continued to walk with the true God.” That remarkable expression singles out Enoch as a godly man in a godless world. He is the first human the Bible describes in that way.
The same Bible verse says that Enoch continued to walk with Jehovah after he fathered his son Methuselah. So we see Enoch as a family man when he was about 65 years old. He had a wife, unnamed in Scripture, and an unspecified number of “sons and daughters.” If a father is to walk with God while raising and providing for a family, he must try to care for his family in God’s way. Enoch understood that Jehovah expected him to stick faithfully to his wife. (Genesis 2:24) And he surely did his best to instruct his children about Jehovah God. With what result?
The inspired record offers only tantalizing hints on that score. It says nothing about the faith of Enoch’s son Methuselah, whose life span became the longest in the Bible record, ending in the year that the great Deluge came. However, Methuselah fathered a son named Lamech. Lamech’s life overlapped with that of his grandfather Enoch for over a century. And Lamech grew up to show notable faith. Jehovah inspired him to utter a prophecy about Noah, Lamech’s son, and that prophecy came true after the Flood. Noah, like his great-grandfather Enoch, was singled out as a man who walked with God. Noah never met Enoch. But Enoch left a rich legacy. Noah could have learned of that legacy from his own father, Lamech, or from his grandfather Methuselah or perhaps even from Jared, Enoch’s father, who died when Noah was 366 years old.—Genesis 5:25-29; 6:9; 9:1.
Think of the contrast between Enoch and Adam. Adam, though perfect, sinned against Jehovah and left his descendants a legacy of rebellion and misery. Enoch, though imperfect, walked with God and left his descendants a legacy of faith. Adam died when Enoch was 308 years old. Did Adam’s family mourn that profoundly selfish forefather? We do not know. In any case, Enoch “kept walking with the true God.”—Genesis 5:24.
If you are providing for a family, consider what you can learn from the faith of Enoch. Vital though it is to provide for your family physically, there is no need more important than the spiritual kind. (1 Timothy 5:8) You fill that need not only by what you say but what you do. If you choose to walk with God as Enoch did, letting God’s inspired standards guide you in life, you too will give your family a rich legacy—a priceless example for them to imitate.
ENOCH “PROPHESIED ABOUT THEM”
Enoch may have felt lonely as a man of faith in such a faithless world. But did his God, Jehovah, take notice of him? He did. The day came when Jehovah communicated with this faithful servant of his. God gave Enoch a message to deliver to the people of his day. He thus made Enoch a prophet, the first one whose message is revealed in the Bible. We know of this because Jude, a half brother of Jesus, was inspired to write down Enoch’s prophetic words many centuries later.a
What was Enoch’s prophecy? It went as follows: “Look! Jehovah came with his holy myriads to execute judgment against all, and to convict all the ungodly concerning all their ungodly deeds that they did in an ungodly way, and concerning all the shocking things that ungodly sinners spoke against him.” (Jude 14, 15) Now, the first thing you may notice is that Enoch spoke in the past tense, as if God had already done what the prophecy describes. That is a pattern that many prophecies thereafter followed. The idea is this: The prophet is speaking of something that is so certain to occur that it may be described as if it has already happened!—Isaiah 46:10.
Enoch fearlessly proclaimed God’s message to a hostile world
What was it like for Enoch to deliver that pronouncement, perhaps by preaching it to all who would hear? Notice how forceful the warning was—four times it used the word “ungodly” to denounce the people, their deeds, and the way they carried out those deeds. The prophecy thus warned all humans that the world they had built up since the expulsion from Eden was corrupt through and through. That world would face a cataclysmic end when Jehovah would come with his “holy myriads”—legions of mighty angels in battle array—to bring destruction. Enoch fearlessly shared that divine warning, and he did it alone! Perhaps young Lamech watched, in awe of his grandfather’s courage. If so, we can well understand why.
Enoch’s faith may move us to ask ourselves whether we see the world in which we live as God sees it. The judgment that Enoch bravely proclaimed still stands; it applies to today’s world just as it did to the world of Enoch’s day. In harmony with Enoch’s warning, Jehovah brought the great Deluge against that ungodly world in Noah’s day. But that destruction set the pattern for a greater destruction yet to come. (Matthew 24:38, 39; 2 Peter 2:4-6) Today, as then, God stands poised with his holy myriads to bring a righteous judgment against an ungodly world. Each of us needs to take Enoch’s warning to heart and share it with others. Our family and friends might stand apart from us. We may feel alone at times. But Jehovah never abandoned Enoch; neither will he abandon his faithful servants today!
“TRANSFERRED SO AS NOT TO SEE DEATH”
How did the end come for Enoch? In a way, his death is even more mysterious and intriguing than his life. The Genesis account simply says: “Enoch kept walking with the true God. Then he was no more, for God took him.” (Genesis 5:24) In what way did God take Enoch? The apostle Paul later explained: “By faith Enoch was transferred so as not to see death, and he was nowhere to be found because God had transferred him; for before he was transferred he received the witness that he had pleased God well.” (Hebrews 11:5) What did Paul mean by that phrase “transferred so as not to see death”? Some Bible translations say that God took Enoch to heaven. But that cannot be. The Bible shows that Jesus Christ was the first one ever resurrected to heaven.—John 3:13.
In what sense, then, was Enoch “transferred” so that he did not “see death”? Jehovah likely transferred Enoch gently from life to death, sparing him any pangs of death. But first, Enoch received “the witness that he had pleased God well.” How? Just before his death, Enoch may have received a vision from God, perhaps one showing him the earth as a paradise. With that vivid sign of Jehovah’s approval, Enoch fell asleep in death. Writing about Enoch and other faithful men and women, the apostle Paul stated: “In faith all of these died.” (Hebrews 11:13) Thereafter, his enemies may have searched for the body, but it was “nowhere to be found,” perhaps because Jehovah disposed of it, preventing them from desecrating it or using it to promote false religion.b
With that Scriptural reasoning in mind, then, let us try to imagine how Enoch’s life might have ended. Picture this scenario, remembering that it is only one possibility. Enoch was on the run, nearing exhaustion. His persecutors were after him, seething with rage over his judgment message. Enoch found a place to hide and rest for a while, but he knew that he could not escape for long. A violent death loomed very near now. As he rested, he prayed to his God. Then a profound sense of peace came upon him. A vision, as vivid as if Enoch were really there, took him far away.
Enoch was likely facing a violent end when Jehovah took him
Imagine that a view opened before him, showing a world wholly different from the one he knew. It seemed to him that it was as beautiful as the garden of Eden, but there were no cherubs guarding it to keep humans out. Men and women—all full of health and youthful vigor—were numerous. Peace reigned among them. There was no trace of the hatred and religious persecution that Enoch knew only too well. As for himself, Enoch sensed Jehovah’s assurance, love, and approval. He felt sure that this place was where he belonged; it would be his own home. As peace stole over him, Enoch closed his eyes and drifted into a deep, dreamless sleep.
And there he remains to this day—asleep in death, carefully preserved in the limitless memory of Jehovah God! As Jesus later promised, the day will come when all those who are in God’s memory will hear Christ’s voice and come out of the grave, opening their eyes to a beautiful and peaceful new world.—John 5:28, 29.
Would you like to be there? Imagine the thrill of meeting Enoch. Think of the fascinating things we could learn from him! He could tell us if our imaginary scenario about his final moments was close to the truth. But there is something we urgently need to learn from him right now. After discussing Enoch, Paul went on to say: “Without faith it is impossible to please God well.” (Hebrews 11:6) What a powerful reason for each of us to imitate the courageous faith of Enoch!
a Some Bible scholars assert that Jude quoted an apocryphal work called the Book of Enoch, but that book is a fanciful work of uncertain origin, falsely attributed to Enoch. It contains an accurate mention of Enoch’s prophecy, but that may have been drawn from an ancient source now lost to us—whether a written document or an oral tradition. Jude may have used the same ancient source, or he may have learned about Enoch from Jesus, who witnessed Enoch’s life course from heaven.
b Similarly, God likely ensured that the bodies of Moses and Jesus were beyond the reach of such abuses.—Deuteronomy 34:5, 6; Luke 24:3-6; Jude 9. |
Part 1a—In the Grip of Money Worries | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101992001 | The Rise and Fall of World Commerce
Part 1a—In the Grip of Money Worries
“Though mothers and fathers give us life, it is money alone which preserves it.”—The Japanese Family Storehouse; or, The Millionaires’ Gospel, by Ihara Saikaku.
HAVE you ever needed money badly? Or have you found that you did not have enough cash to pay for something essential? Or have you ever seen your family go hungry or poorly clothed? Millions of people today can answer yes to those questions. They know what it is to worry about money.
Imagine the anxiety of an unemployed father with mouths to feed and bills to pay. Think of the state of mind of a weary mother standing in line for hard-to-get commodities only to find that the store shelves are bare or the prices are too high. Consider the stress on the business executive whose company is faced with imminent bankruptcy or the pressure on a government struggling to free itself of billions of dollars in debts.
In today’s world even certain words trigger anxiety. Our income (money, goods, or services received in return for labor or the use of other resources) may be so low that our standard of living (the economic level at which we are accustomed to live) is seriously threatened. This may be caused by unemployment, by recessions or depressions (periods of decreased business activity, the former mild, the latter more severe), or by inflation (a rise in prices that occurs when demand exceeds supply, so that our money buys less). With insufficient money we can no longer keep up with the cost of living (the cost of buying the goods and services we daily need).
The Power of Economic Pressures
The Great Depression of the 1930’s, says one authority, was an economic tragedy that “touched every country and every side of life, social and political, domestic and international.” By strengthening extremist political forces in Germany and Italy, it helped bring on World War II, thus illustrating the power of economic pressures. It was as John K. Galbraith wrote in his book Money: Whence It Came, Where It Went: “In Germany early in 1933, Adolf Hitler came to power. Much of his success must be attributed to the massive unemployment and the deeply painful contraction in wages, salaries, prices and property values.” Commenting on the inflation in the United States at that time, Galbraith adds: “Whatever the importance of money, none could doubt the importance of the fears it engendered.”
The political changes that swept Eastern Europe at the end of the 1980’s were largely influenced by economic factors. These are also frequently decisive in deciding elections in Western democracies, where people, it has long been said, vote as they are swayed by those issues that affect their pocketbooks.
Economic pressure is often applied in an attempt to force governments to change their policies. Thus, at times, modern economic sanctions have become the equivalent of ancient military sieges. In 1986, Europe, Japan, and the United States imposed economic sanctions against South Africa to protest its policy of apartheid, apparently with some success. In 1990 the world community, as represented in the UN, exerted economic pressure on Iraq, obviously with less success.
Nevertheless, the trend seems clear. Jacques Attali, French writer and presidential adviser, claims that ‘merchants are replacing warriors as the main actors on the world stage.’ And a newsmagazine commented: “[In many countries] economic strength has replaced military might as the measure that matters.”
Is the Grip Loosening?
Natural catastrophes, disease, and crime play havoc with the economy. So may debt and budget deficits. According to The Collins Atlas of World History, “international debt [in developing countries] is so enormous that the world, at times, has been close to an economic catastrophe of monumental proportions, and the rise of poverty, with all the despair and threats of explosion it implies, has been quite alarming.”
While some governments are plagued by runaway inflation, others are struggling valiantly to stave it off. Insecurity rears its head in the form of unstable stock markets. The sudden sickness of a political leader, or even baseless rumors, can destroy fortunes within a matter of hours. The Wall Street crash of October 1987—even more severe than the one of 1929—was called the worst week in financial history. Almost 385 billion U.S. dollars in asset values were wiped out. The market recovered, but many experts say the real crash is still to come. “The world had better hope it never finds out what that ultimate bust would be like,” wrote journalist George J. Church.
Far from loosening, the grip of economic pressures and the anxieties they produce seems to be tightening. So is it realistic to consider the possibility that an end may be in sight? |
Greatest Man (gt)
1991 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/gt | Chapter 4
Pregnant but Not Married
MARY is in the third month of pregnancy. You will remember that she spent the early part of her pregnancy visiting Elizabeth, but now she has returned home to Nazareth. Soon her condition will become public knowledge in her hometown. She, indeed, is in a distressing situation!
What makes the situation worse is that Mary is engaged to become the wife of the carpenter Joseph. And she knows that, under God’s law to Israel, a woman who is engaged to one man but who willingly has sexual relations with another man is to be stoned to death. How can she explain her pregnancy to Joseph?
Since Mary has been gone three months, we can be sure Joseph is eager to see her. When they meet, likely Mary breaks the news to him. She may do her best to explain that it is by means of God’s holy spirit that she is pregnant. But, as you can imagine, this is a very difficult thing for Joseph to believe.
Joseph knows the fine reputation Mary has. And apparently he loves her dearly. Yet, despite what she may claim, it really seems she is pregnant by some man. Even so, Joseph does not want her to be stoned to death or to be disgraced publicly. So he makes up his mind to divorce her secretly. In those days, engaged persons were viewed as married, and a divorce was required to end an engagement.
Later, as Joseph is still considering these matters, he goes to sleep. Jehovah’s angel appears to him in a dream and says: “Do not be afraid to take Mary your wife home, for that which has been begotten in her is by holy spirit. She will give birth to a son, and you must call his name Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins.”
When Joseph wakes up, how grateful he is! Without delay he does just what the angel directed. He takes Mary to his home. This public action serves, in effect, as a marriage ceremony, giving notice that Joseph and Mary are now officially married. But Joseph does not have sexual relations with Mary as long as she is pregnant with Jesus.
Look! Mary is heavy with child, yet Joseph is putting her on a donkey. Where are they going, and why are they making a trip when Mary is about ready to give birth? Luke 1:39-41, 56; Matthew 1:18-25; Deuteronomy 22:23, 24.
▪ What is Joseph’s state of mind when learning of Mary’s pregnancy, and why?
▪ How can Joseph divorce Mary when they are not yet married?
▪ What public action serves as Joseph and Mary’s marriage ceremony? |
Meet the Bird Behind the Lashes | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101998006 | Meet the Bird Behind the Lashes
BY AWAKE! CORRESPONDENT IN SOUTH AFRICA
“CHANCES are you have never met us. We are birds, and most people know us as African ground hornbills.
“Apart from our striking looks, there are other interesting facts about us that we would like to share with you. For one thing, as our name suggests, we spend much of our time on the ground. In size we are somewhat similar to the turkey, and like the turkey, we really do not fly that much.
“With our distinctive, ponderous waddle, we wander the central and southeastern regions of Africa. If we should ever meet, you would not fail to recognize us because of our scarlet throat bags and eye patches and, of course, our long, stunning eyelashes!
“We ground hornbills are shy breeders—on average, raising one chick to fledgling every six years. During the breeding season, our males provide a good supply of dry leaves to line our nests, which are usually in hollow trees or rock cavities. Then the females carefully tend the eggs for a period of 40 days. Together with other members of our family group, we scurry to and fro, providing a steady supply of worms, grubs, and other delicacies to the ‘mother in waiting.’ We are all overjoyed when, three months after hatching, the new arrivals leave the nest to join the rest of our family unit.
“Our road to maturity is a slow one—it takes at least six years before we reach full adulthood. And it can take even longer for one of us to succeed in establishing his own family. Of course, the fact that we are long-lived (many of us live 30 years) gives us ample time to pass our genes on to other generations.
“As you can see, we are family oriented, with groups of no more than eight birds living and working together. Each family operates in an area of about 40 square miles [100 sq km] of African savannas, woodlands, and grasslands. In some parts of southern Africa, we have lost up to 70 percent of our habitat to agriculture and human habitation.
“We are very protective of our ranges and regularly patrol our borders. Our food—snakes, grubs, tortoises, and insects—is not to be shared, even with hornbills from other families. In our aggressiveness to ward off intruders, we sometimes make fools of ourselves. How? When we see our own reflection on a windowpane, we often charge into the window, mistaking the reflection for an intruder. Inevitably, the impact of the long hard bill shatters the window. Because of the many broken windows, some people have placed wire mesh over their windows, and we are very thankful for that!
“Tragically, there are deadly threats to worry about. Some people crowd us out of our habitat. Others shoot us with guns. Farmers often put out poisoned bait for jackals and other animals deemed undesirable. But how are we to know it is poisoned? Evidently for our protection, sometimes the farmers bury the poison. But since we normally dig for food with our long beaks, we dig our own graves, in a manner of speaking, when we dig up poisoned food.
“Some people are working hard to protect us from these dangers. We hope that we will not go the way of our fellow bird the dodo—into extinction. So whenever you happen to be in our area and hear our booming call, du-du-dududu du-du-dududu, do look us up. We will flutter our long lashes and welcome you into the realm of the ground hornbill.” |
A Book You Can Trust—Part 3 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102011005 | A Book You Can Trust—Part 3
Babylon in Bible History
This is the third in a series of seven articles in consecutive issues of “Awake!” that discuss the seven world powers of Bible history. The objective is to show that the Bible is trustworthy and inspired of God and that its message is one of hope for an end to the suffering caused by man’s cruel domination of his fellow man.
Artist’s rendition of the ancient city of Babylon
SITUATED on a fertile plain some 50 miles (80 km) south of modern-day Baghdad, the ancient city of Babylon was truly magnificent. With massive double walls and a surrounding moat, Babylon seemed impregnable. The city was renowned for its majestic temples, hanging gardens, and temple towers. As one of the greatest cities of the ancient world, Babylon has recently been dubbed the city of wonders.
In the Bible, it was named “Mistress of Kingdoms” and was the capital of the third world power of Bible history. (Isaiah 47:5) Like the Egyptian and the Assyrian empires before it, the Babylonian Empire played a prominent role in Bible history, enabling us to compare what the Bible says about it with what secular sources say.
Trustworthy History
The Bible book of Daniel tells us that a man by the name of Belshazzar once ruled as king in Babylon. (Daniel 5:1) However, some secular sources have stated in the past that Belshazzar, though powerful, was never king. Was the Bible wrong? Archaeologists have uncovered a number of clay cylinders in the ruins of Ur in Mesopotamia. The cuneiform inscription on one cylinder included a prayer by Babylonian King Nabonidus for “Bel-sar-ussur, my eldest son.” Later findings confirmed that Belshazzar had “acted as regent for more than half his father’s reign,” states the New Bible Dictionary, “during which time he was to all intents and purposes king.”
History also shows that ancient Babylon was an extremely religious city, rife with astrology and divination. For example, at Ezekiel 21:21, we read that the king of Babylon resorted to divination in order to determine whether to attack Jerusalem. The king “looked into the liver,” the Bible says. Why the liver? The Babylonians used this organ in quest of omens. The book Mesopotamian Astrology tells us that at just one site in ancient Babylon, archaeologists found “32 [clay] liver models, all inscribed” with omens.
Noted archaeologist Nelson Glueck once said: “I have excavated for thirty years with a Bible in one hand and a trowel in the other, and in matters of historical perspective I have never found the Bible to be in error.”
“I have excavated for thirty years . . . , and in matters of historical perspective I have never found the Bible to be in error.”—Nelson Glueck
Trustworthy Prophecy
How would you respond if someone told you that a major capital—such as Beijing, Moscow, or Washington, D.C.—would become an uninhabited ruin? You would rightly be skeptical. Yet, that is what happened with ancient Babylon. Some 200 years in advance, about the year 732 B.C.E., Jehovah God inspired the Hebrew prophet Isaiah to put in writing a prophecy about the demise of mighty Babylon. He wrote: “Babylon, the decoration of kingdoms, . . . must become as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah. She will never be inhabited, nor will she reside for generation after generation.”—Isaiah 13:19, 20.
But why would God foretell Babylon’s destruction? In 607 B.C.E., Babylonian armies destroyed Jerusalem and took the survivors off to Babylon, where they were treated cruelly. (Psalm 137:8, 9) God foretold that his people would have to endure this bitter treatment for 70 years because of their own wicked deeds. Then God would deliver them and let them return to their homeland.—Jeremiah 25:11; 29:10.
True to God’s prophetic Word, in 539 B.C.E.—just as Judah’s 70-year exile was about to end—the seemingly invincible city of Babylon was overthrown by Medo-Persian armies. In time, the city became a heap of ruins—just as predicted. No human could foretell such a striking achievement. Without a doubt, the act of prophesying, or foretelling events in advance, sets the Author of the Bible—the true God, Jehovah—apart from any other god.—Isaiah 46:9, 10.
FORETOLD BY NAME
One of the most remarkable prophecies regarding the downfall of Babylon involved its conqueror, King Cyrus of Persia. Nearly two centuries before Cyrus rose to power, Jehovah God mentioned him by name and foretold that he would be the one to conquer Babylon.
Pointing forward to Cyrus’ conquest, Isaiah was inspired to write: “This is what Jehovah has said to his anointed one, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have taken hold of, to subdue before him nations, . . . to open before him the two-leaved doors, so that even the gates will not be shut.” God also foretold that the Euphrates River would, in effect, dry up.—Isaiah 45:1-3; Jeremiah 50:38.
Greek historians Herodotus and Xenophon confirm the fulfillment of this amazing prophecy. They reveal that Cyrus diverted the Euphrates River, causing its waters to recede. Cyrus’ armies thus gained access to the city through its gates, which had been left open. As foretold, mighty Babylon fell “suddenly,” in one night.—Jeremiah 51:8.
A Hope You Can Trust
Yet another prophecy is having a remarkable fulfillment in our day. The prophecy involves King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon and a dream that he had about an immense image. The body was divided into five parts—the head, the breasts and arms, the belly and thighs, the legs, and the feet—each one with a different metal composition. (Daniel 2:31-33) These metal parts stood for a succession of governments, or kingdoms, that started with Babylon and continues down to the Anglo-American World Power, the seventh of Bible history.—Daniel 2:36-41.
Daniel discloses that in the feet and toes of the image, there was a noteworthy change of materials. How so? Pure metal was replaced with a mixture of iron and moist clay. By way of explanation, Daniel told Nebuchadnezzar: “Whereas you beheld iron mixed with moist clay, they will come to be mixed with the offspring of mankind; but they will not prove to be sticking together, this one to that one, just as iron is not mixing with molded clay.” (Daniel 2:43) Yes, mixing iron and clay results in a fragile union; there is no “sticking together.” How accurately this describes the politically divided world in which we live today!
Daniel also reveals another significant development. In his dream, King Nebuchadnezzar saw a stone that was cut out of a large mountain. This stone was lifted up, and “it struck the image on its feet of iron and of molded clay and crushed them.” (Daniel 2:34) What does that mean? Daniel himself answers: “In the days of those kings [during the time of the final world power] the God of heaven will set up a kingdom that will never be brought to ruin. And the kingdom itself will not be passed on to any other people. It will crush and put an end to all these kingdoms, and it itself will stand to times indefinite.” (Daniel 2:44) That prophecy pointed forward to a Kingdom unlike any other government known to mankind. Its King is Jesus Christ, the Messiah. As mentioned in previous articles of this series, Jesus will crush Satan and all his followers, human and spirit, thus bringing about universal peace and harmony.—1 Corinthians 15:25.
BABYLON THE GREAT
The Bible book of Revelation mentions a symbolic harlot named “Babylon the Great.” (Revelation 17:5) What does this harlot represent? The evidence points to its being a religious entity.
Ancient Babylon was an extremely religious city, having over 50 temples dedicated to various deities. The Babylonians believed in trinities of gods and an immortal soul that at death would descend to a dark netherworld. There, “human existence beyond the grave is at best only a dismal, wretched reflection of life on earth,” says Funk & Wagnalls New Encyclopedia.
In time, those teachings spread throughout the world. Today they, or modified versions of them, can be found in the religions of Christendom. Together, these religions make up a major part of the global religious entity Babylon the Great! |
STUDY ARTICLE 2
Praise Jehovah in the Congregation | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2019241 | STUDY ARTICLE 2
Praise Jehovah in the Congregation
“In the midst of the congregation I will praise you.”—PS. 22:22.
SONG 59 Praise Jah With Me
PREVIEWa
1. How did David feel about Jehovah, and what did this motivate him to do?
KING DAVID wrote: “Jehovah is great and most worthy of praise.” (Ps. 145:3) He loved Jehovah, and that love moved him to praise God “in the midst of the congregation.” (Ps. 22:22; 40:5) No doubt, you love Jehovah and agree with David’s words: “May you be praised, O Jehovah the God of Israel our father, throughout all eternity.”—1 Chron. 29:10-13.
2. (a) How can we praise Jehovah? (b) What challenges do some face, and what will we review?
2 Today, one way we praise Jehovah is by commenting during Christian meetings. However, a number of our brothers and sisters face a real challenge. They want to participate in the meetings, but fear prevents them. How can they cope with that fear? And what practical tips can help all of us to give encouraging comments? Before we answer those questions, let us first review four basic reasons why we comment at meetings.
WHY WE COMMENT AT MEETINGS
3-5. (a) As explained at Hebrews 13:15, why do we comment at meetings? (b) Must we all give the same type of comment? Explain.
3 Jehovah has given all of us the privilege to praise him. (Ps. 119:108) Our comments at meetings are part of our “sacrifice of praise,” and no one can offer that sacrifice for us. (Read Hebrews 13:15.) Does Jehovah demand the same type of sacrifice, or comment, from each of us? No, he does not!
4 Jehovah knows that we have different abilities and circumstances, and he deeply appreciates the sacrifices we are able to offer to him. Think of the type of sacrifices that he accepted from the Israelites. Some Israelites were able to offer a lamb or a goat. But a poor Israelite might offer “two turtledoves or two young pigeons.” And if an Israelite could not afford two birds, Jehovah accepted “a tenth of an ephah of fine flour.” (Lev. 5:7, 11) Flour was less expensive, but Jehovah still appreciated that sacrifice, as long as it was “fine flour.”
5 Our kind God feels the same way today. When we give comments, he does not demand that all of us be as eloquent as Apollos or as persuasive as Paul. (Acts 18:24; 26:28) All Jehovah wants is that we give the best comments we can—within our limits. Remember the widow who offered the two small coins. She was precious to Jehovah because she gave the best she could.—Luke 21:1-4.
Commenting benefits us and those who listen (See paragraphs 6-7)c
6. (a) According to Hebrews 10:24, 25, how may the comments that we hear affect us? (b) How can you show appreciation for the answers that encourage you?
6 We encourage one another by our comments. (Read Hebrews 10:24, 25.) All of us appreciate hearing a variety of comments at our meetings. We enjoy the simple, sincere words of a young child. We are inspired by the excitement in the voice of someone who is commenting about a truth that he or she has just discovered. And we admire those who “mustered up courage” to give a comment, even though they are shy or are only beginning to learn our language. (1 Thess. 2:2; ftn.) How can we show appreciation for their effort? We can thank them for their encouraging comment after the meeting. Another way is by giving a comment ourselves. Then not only do we receive encouragement at our meetings but we also give it.—Rom. 1:11, 12.
7. How do we benefit when we comment?
7 We benefit ourselves when we comment. (Isa. 48:17) How so? First, if we plan to give a comment, we are especially motivated to prepare well for the meeting. When we prepare well, we gain a deeper understanding of God’s Word. And the deeper our understanding, the better we can apply the things we learn. Second, we will likely enjoy the meeting more because we are involved in the discussion. Third, because it takes effort to comment, we often remember the points we spoke about long after the meeting ends.
8-9. (a) As revealed at Malachi 3:16, how do you think Jehovah feels about our comments? (b) What challenge might some still face?
8 We please Jehovah when we express our faith. We can be sure that Jehovah listens to us and deeply appreciates the effort we make to comment at meetings. (Read Malachi 3:16.) He shows his appreciation by blessing us when we try hard to please him.—Mal. 3:10.
9 Clearly, we have good reasons to comment at meetings. Still, some may be afraid to raise their hand. If that is how you feel, do not be discouraged. Let us consider some Bible principles, a few examples, and some practical tips that can help all of us to try to comment more at meetings.
COPING WITH FEAR
10. (a) What fear do many of us have? (b) Why might having a fear of answering be a good sign?
10 Do you get a knot in your stomach each time you even think of raising your hand to comment? If so, you are not alone. The truth is that most of us feel some fear when we comment. Before you can cope with this crippling feeling, you need to identify the cause of your fear. Are you afraid that you will forget what you want to say or that you will say the wrong thing? Do you worry that your comment will not be as good as the comments of others? Actually, those fears can be a good sign. They indicate that you are humble and view others as superior to you. Jehovah loves that quality. (Ps. 138:6; Phil. 2:3) But Jehovah also wants you to praise him and to encourage your brothers and sisters at the meetings. (1 Thess. 5:11) He loves you and will give you the courage you need.
11. What Scriptural reminders can help us?
11 Consider some Scriptural reminders. The Bible says that all of us make mistakes in what we say and how we say it. (Jas. 3:2) Jehovah does not expect us to be perfect, and neither do our brothers and sisters. (Ps. 103:12-14) They are our spiritual family, and they love us. (Mark 10:29, 30; John 13:35) They understand that our comments at times do not come out exactly right.
12-13. What do we learn from the examples of Nehemiah and Jonah?
12 Think about some Bible examples that can help you to cope with your fears. Remember Nehemiah. He served in the court of a powerful king. Nehemiah was gloomy because he had heard that the walls and gates of Jerusalem were in ruins. (Neh. 1:1-4) Imagine the knot he might have had in his stomach when the king asked him to explain why he was looking so unhappy! Nehemiah quickly prayed and then gave his answer. In response, the king did much to help God’s people. (Neh. 2:1-8) Think, too, of Jonah. When Jehovah asked him to speak to the inhabitants of Nineveh, Jonah was so scared that he ran in the opposite direction. (Jonah 1:1-3) But with Jehovah’s help, Jonah carried out his assignment. And the words he spoke did much good for those in Nineveh. (Jonah 3:5-10) From Nehemiah we learn the importance of praying before we answer. And from Jonah we learn that Jehovah can help us to serve him despite our greatest fears. Realistically, is any congregation going to be as intimidating as the Ninevites?
13 What practical tips can help you to give encouraging comments at the meetings? Let us consider a few suggestions.
What Can I Comment On?
The direct answer to the question
A secondary point in the paragraph
What a cited scripture teaches
How the information can be applied
A brief experience that highlights a key point
What the artwork teaches
The review questions
14. Why should we prepare well for our meetings, and when might we do so?
14 Prepare for each meeting. When you plan ahead and prepare well, you will feel more confident about commenting. (Prov. 21:5) Of course, we do not all have the same routine. Eloise, a widow in her 80’s, begins preparing for the Watchtower Study early in the week. She says, “I enjoy the meetings more if I study in advance.” Joy, who works secularly full-time, sets aside time on Saturday to study her Watchtower. “I like to have the material fresh in mind,” she says. Ike, a busy elder who is also a pioneer, says, “I find that it is best for me to study for short periods of time throughout the week rather than in one large chunk of time.”
15. How can you prepare well for a meeting?
15 What is involved in preparing well for the meeting? Begin each study session by asking Jehovah to give you holy spirit. (Luke 11:13; 1 John 5:14) Then take a few minutes to look over the lesson. Analyze the input, subheadings, illustrations, and teaching boxes. As you now study each paragraph, read as many of the cited scriptures as you can. Meditate on the information, giving special attention to points you wish to comment on. The better you prepare, the more you will benefit and the easier it may be for you to comment.—2 Cor. 9:6.
16. What tools are available to you, and how do you use them?
16 If possible for you, use the digital tools provided in a language you know. Jehovah, through his organization, has given us electronic tools to help us prepare for the meetings. The JW Library® app enables us to download study publications onto a mobile device. Then we can study—or at least read or listen to the material—anytime and anywhere. Some use this tool to study during a lunch break at work or at school or while traveling. The Watchtower Library and the Watchtower ONLINE LIBRARY™ make it very easy to research points in the lesson that we wish to explore more thoroughly.
When do you schedule time to prepare for meetings? (See paragraphs 14-16)d
17. (a) Why is it good to prepare several comments? (b) What did you learn from the video Become Jehovah’s Friend—Prepare Your Comment?
17 If possible, prepare several comments for each lesson. Why? Because you may not always be called on when you raise your hand. Others will likely raise their hand at the same time, and the conductor might choose one of them. In order to keep the meeting on schedule, the conductor may have to limit the number of comments on any given point. So do not be offended or discouraged if he does not call on you early in the study. If you prepare several comments, you will have more opportunities to share in the discussion. One of the comments you prepare could involve reading a scripture. But if you can, also prepare to give a comment, using your own words.b
18. Why give brief comments?
18 Give brief comments. Often, the most encouraging comments are short and simple. So aim at keeping your answers brief. Try limiting them to about 30 seconds. (Prov. 10:19; 15:23) If you have been answering at meetings for many years, you have an important role to play—setting a good example by keeping your comments brief. If you give complex comments that last several minutes, others may feel intimidated, thinking that they will not be able to match your ability at answering. Also, brief comments allow time for more people to participate in the meeting. Especially if you are called on first, give a simple, direct answer to the question. Do not try to cover all the points in a paragraph. After the main idea of the paragraph has been discussed, you may comment on supplementary points.—See the box “What Can I Comment On?”
19. How can the conductor help you, but what will you have to do?
19 Let the conductor know that you would like to comment on a specific paragraph. If you choose to do this, you should approach the conductor well before the meeting begins. When it is time to comment on that paragraph, put your hand up quickly and high enough so that the conductor can see it.
20. How is a congregation meeting like a meal shared with friends?
20 View the congregation meetings like a meal shared with good friends. Imagine that some friends in the congregation planned a barbecue and asked you to prepare some small item of food. How would you respond? You might feel a little anxious, but you would likely do your best to bring something that everyone could enjoy. Jehovah, our Host, has provided a table full of good things for us at our meetings. (Ps. 23:5; Matt. 24:45) And he is pleased when we bring a simple gift, the best that we can give. So prepare well and participate as freely as you can. Then you will not only feed at Jehovah’s table but also bring a gift to share with the congregation.
CAN YOU ANSWER?
What are some reasons why we comment at meetings?
How can we cope with our fear of commenting?
What are some tips to help us give encouraging comments?
SONG 2 Jehovah Is Your Name
a Like the psalmist David, all of us love Jehovah and enjoy praising him. We have a special opportunity to express our love for God when we meet with our congregation for worship. Some of us, however, find it difficult to comment at our meetings. If you face that challenge, this article can help you identify your fears and work on overcoming them.
b On jw.org, watch the video Become Jehovah’s Friend—Prepare Your Comment. Look under BIBLE TEACHINGS > CHILDREN.
c PICTURE DESCRIPTION: Members of a congregation are joyfully sharing in a discussion of The Watchtower.
d PICTURE DESCRIPTION: Some members of the congregation who were shown earlier participating in the Watchtower Study. Even though each of them has different circumstances, they all set aside time to study the lesson for the meeting. |
What Does the Bible Say About Free Will? Is God in Control of Your Destiny? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502013208 | What Does the Bible Say About Free Will? Is God in Control of Your Destiny?
The Bible’s answer
God dignifies us with free will, the power to make decisions of our own rather than having God or fate predetermine what we do. Consider what the Bible teaches.
God created humans in his image. (Genesis 1:26) Unlike animals, which act mainly on instinct, we resemble our Creator in our capacity to display such qualities as love and justice. And like our Creator, we have free will.
To a great extent, we can determine our future. The Bible encourages us to “choose life . . . by listening to [God’s] voice,” that is, by choosing to obey his commands. (Deuteronomy 30:19, 20) This offer would be meaningless, even cruel, if we lacked free will. Instead of forcing us to do what he says, God warmly appeals to us: “O if only you would actually pay attention to my commandments! Then your peace would become just like a river.”—Isaiah 48:18.
Our success or failure is not determined by fate. If we want to succeed at an endeavor, we must work hard. “All that your hand finds to do,” says the Bible, “do with your very power.”(Ecclesiastes 9:10) It also says: “The plans of the diligent one surely make for advantage.”—Proverbs 21:5.
Free will is a precious gift from God, for it lets us love him with our “whole heart”—because we want to.—Matthew 22:37.
Doesn’t God control all things?
The Bible does teach that God is Almighty, that his power is not limited by anyone other than himself. (Job 37:23; Isaiah 40:26) However, he does not use his power to control everything. For example, the Bible says that God was “exercising self-control” toward ancient Babylon, an enemy of his people. (Isaiah 42:14) Similarly, for now, he chooses to tolerate those who misuse their free will to harm others. But God will not do so indefinitely.—Psalm 37:10, 11. |
Daniel’s Prophecy (dp)
1999 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/dp | Chapter Seventeen
Identifying True Worshipers in the Time of the End
1. According to Daniel chapter 7, what extraordinary experiences were to befall a small, defenseless group of people in our day?
A TINY, defenseless group of people come under vicious attack by a mighty world power. They survive intact and even experience a renewal—not as a result of their own strength but because Jehovah God values them. Daniel chapter 7 foretold these events, which occurred in the early part of the 20th century. Who, though, were these people? The same chapter of Daniel referred to them as “the holy ones of the Supreme One,” Jehovah God. It also revealed that these individuals will ultimately be corulers in the Messianic Kingdom!—Daniel 7:13, 14, 18, 21, 22, 25-27.
2. (a) How does Jehovah feel about his anointed servants? (b) What would be a wise course to follow during these times?
2 As we learned in Daniel chapter 11, the king of the north will meet his final end after threatening the secure spiritual land of these faithful people. (Daniel 11:45; compare Ezekiel 38:18-23.) Yes, Jehovah is very protective of his faithful anointed ones. Psalm 105:14, 15 tells us: “On their account [Jehovah] reproved kings, saying: ‘Do not you men touch my anointed ones, and to my prophets do nothing bad.’” Would you not agree, then, that in these turbulent times, it would be wise for the expanding “great crowd” to associate as closely as possible with these holy ones? (Revelation 7:9; Zechariah 8:23) Jesus Christ recommended that sheeplike people do exactly that—associate with his anointed spiritual brothers by supporting them in their work.—Matthew 25:31-46; Galatians 3:29.
3. (a) Why is it not easy to find Jesus’ anointed followers and remain close to them? (b) How will Daniel chapter 12 help in this regard?
3 However, God’s Adversary, Satan, has been waging an all-out war against the anointed. He has promoted false religion, effectively filling the world with counterfeit Christians. As a result, many people have been misled. Others simply despair of ever finding those who represent the true religion. (Matthew 7:15, 21-23; Revelation 12:9, 17) Even those who do find the “little flock” and associate with them must fight to maintain faith, for this world constantly seeks to erode faith. (Luke 12:32) What about you? Have you found “the holy ones of the Supreme One,” and are you associating with them? Are you aware of the solid evidence proving that those you have found are indeed the ones God has chosen? Such evidence can bolster your faith. It can also equip you to help others see through the religious confusion of today’s world. Daniel chapter 12 contains a wealth of this lifesaving knowledge.
THE GREAT PRINCE GOES INTO ACTION
4. (a) Daniel 12:1 foretells what two distinct things regarding Michael? (b) In Daniel, what is often meant by a monarch’s “standing”?
4 Daniel 12:1 reads: “During that time Michael will stand up, the great prince who is standing in behalf of the sons of your people.” This verse foretells these two distinct things regarding Michael: one, that he “is standing,” suggesting a state of affairs that extends over a period of time; two, that he “will stand up,” suggesting an event during that period of time. First, we want to know the period when Michael is “standing in behalf of the sons of [Daniel’s] people.” Recall that Michael is a name given to Jesus in his role as a heavenly Ruler. The reference to his “standing” reminds us of the way that this term is used elsewhere in the book of Daniel. It often refers to the action of a king, such as his taking up royal power.—Daniel 11:2-4, 7, 20, 21.
5, 6. (a) During what time period is Michael standing? (b) When and how does Michael “stand up,” and with what results?
5 It is evident that the angel was here pointing to a period of time specified elsewhere in Bible prophecy. Jesus called it his “presence” (Greek, pa·rou·siʹa), when he would rule as King in heaven. (Matthew 24:37-39) This time period is also called “the last days” and “the time of the end.” (2 Timothy 3:1; Daniel 12:4, 9) Ever since that period began in 1914, Michael has been standing as King in heaven.—Compare Isaiah 11:10; Revelation 12:7-9.
6 When, though, does Michael “stand up”? When he rises up to take special action. This, Jesus will do in the future. Revelation 19:11-16 prophetically describes Jesus as the mighty Messianic King riding at the head of an angelic army and bringing destruction upon enemies of God. Daniel 12:1 continues: “And there will certainly occur a time of distress such as has not been made to occur since there came to be a nation until that time.” As Jehovah’s Chief Executioner, Christ will bring an end to the entire wicked system of things during the foretold “great tribulation.”—Matthew 24:21; Jeremiah 25:33; 2 Thessalonians 1:6-8; Revelation 7:14; 16:14, 16.
7. (a) What hope is there for all faithful ones during the coming “time of distress”? (b) What is Jehovah’s book, and why is it vital to be found therein?
7 How will people who exercise faith fare during this dark time? Daniel was further told: “During that time your people will escape, every one who is found written down in the book.” (Compare Luke 21:34-36.) What is this book? In essence, it represents Jehovah God’s remembrance of those who do his will. (Malachi 3:16; Hebrews 6:10) Those who are written down in this book of life are the most secure people in the world, for they enjoy divine protection. Whatever harm may come to them, it can and will be undone. Even if death should overtake them before this coming “time of distress,” they remain safe in Jehovah’s limitless memory. He will remember them and resurrect them during the Thousand Year Reign of Jesus Christ.—Acts 24:15; Revelation 20:4-6.
HOLY ONES “WAKE UP”
8. Daniel 12:2 offers what delightful prospect?
8 Comforting indeed is the hope of the resurrection. Daniel 12:2 touches on it, saying: “There will be many of those asleep in the ground of dust who will wake up, these to indefinitely lasting life and those to reproaches and to indefinitely lasting abhorrence.” (Compare Isaiah 26:19.) These words may well remind us of Jesus Christ’s moving promise of a general resurrection. (John 5:28, 29) What a thrilling hope! Just think of beloved friends and family—now dead—given a chance to live again in the future! But this promise in the book of Daniel refers primarily to another kind of resurrection—one that has already occurred. How could that be?
9. (a) Why is it reasonable to expect that Daniel 12:2 would find fulfillment during the last days? (b) To what kind of resurrection does the prophecy refer, and how do we know?
9 Consider the context. The first verse of Da chapter 12 applies, as we have seen, not only to the end of this system of things but also to the entire period of the last days. In fact, the bulk of the chapter finds fulfillment, not in the coming earthly paradise, but during the time of the end. Has there been a resurrection during this period? The apostle Paul wrote of the resurrection of “those who belong to the Christ” as occurring “during his presence.” However, those who are resurrected to life in heaven are raised “incorruptible.” (1 Corinthians 15:23, 52) None of them are raised “to reproaches and to indefinitely lasting abhorrence” foretold at Daniel 12:2. Is there another kind of resurrection? In the Bible, resurrection sometimes has a spiritual significance. For example, both Ezekiel and Revelation contain prophetic passages that apply to a spiritual revival, or resurrection.—Ezekiel 37:1-14; Revelation 11:3, 7, 11.
10. (a) In what sense were the anointed remnant resurrected during the time of the end? (b) How did some of the anointed who were revived nonetheless awaken “to reproaches and to indefinitely lasting abhorrence”?
10 Has there been such a spiritual revival of God’s anointed servants in the time of the end? Yes! It is a historical reality that in 1918 a small remnant of faithful Christians were subjected to an extraordinary attack that disrupted their organized public ministry. Then, against all likelihood, in 1919 they returned to life in a spiritual sense. These facts fit the description of the resurrection foretold at Daniel 12:2. Some did “wake up” spiritually at that time and thereafter. Sadly, though, not all remained in a spiritually alive state. Those who after being awakened chose to reject the Messianic King and who left God’s service earned for themselves the ‘reproaches and indefinitely lasting abhorrence’ described at Daniel 12:2. (Hebrews 6:4-6) However, the faithful anointed ones, making good use of their spiritually revived state, loyally supported the Messianic King. Ultimately, their faithfulness leads, as the prophecy states, to “indefinitely lasting life.” Today, their spiritual vitality in the face of opposition helps us to identify them.
THEY ‘SHINE LIKE THE STARS’
11. Who are “the ones having insight” today, and in what sense do they shine like the stars?
11 The next two verses of Daniel chapter 12 do even more to help us identify “the holy ones of the Supreme One.” In verse 3 the angel tells Daniel: “The ones having insight will shine like the brightness of the expanse; and those who are bringing the many to righteousness, like the stars to time indefinite, even forever.” Who are “the ones having insight” today? Again, the evidence points to the same “holy ones of the Supreme One.” After all, who but the faithful anointed remnant had the insight to discern that Michael, the Great Prince, began standing as King in 1914? By preaching such truths as this—as well as by maintaining Christian conduct—they have been “shining as illuminators” in this spiritually bedarkened world. (Philippians 2:15; John 8:12) Concerning them, Jesus prophesied: “At that time the righteous ones will shine as brightly as the sun in the kingdom of their Father.”—Matthew 13:43.
12. (a) During the time of the end, how have the anointed been involved in “bringing the many to righteousness”? (b) How will the anointed bring many to righteousness and ‘shine like the stars’ during the Thousand Year Reign of Christ?
12 Daniel 12:3 even tells us what work would occupy these anointed Christians in the time of the end. They would be “bringing the many to righteousness.” The anointed remnant set about gathering the remaining number of the 144,000 joint heirs of Christ. (Romans 8:16, 17; Revelation 7:3, 4) When that work was completed—evidently by the mid-1930’s—they began gathering the “great crowd” of “other sheep.” (Revelation 7:9; John 10:16) These too exercise faith in the ransom sacrifice of Jesus Christ. Therefore, they have a clean standing before Jehovah. Numbering into the millions today, they cherish the hope of surviving the coming destruction of this wicked world. During Christ’s Thousand Year Reign, Jesus and his 144,000 fellow kings and priests will apply to obedient mankind on earth the full benefits of the ransom, thereby helping all of those exercising faith to shed every last trace of sin inherited from Adam. (2 Peter 3:13; Revelation 7:13, 14; 20:5, 6) In the fullest sense, the anointed will then share in “bringing the many to righteousness” and will ‘shine like the stars’ in heaven. Do you value the hope of living on earth under the glorious heavenly government of Christ and his corulers? What a privilege it is to share with “the holy ones” in preaching this good news of God’s Kingdom!—Matthew 24:14.
THEY “ROVE ABOUT”
13. In what sense were the words of Daniel’s book sealed and made secret?
13 The angel’s declaration to Daniel, which began back at Daniel 10:20, now concludes with these heartwarming words: “And as for you, O Daniel, make secret the words and seal up the book, until the time of the end. Many will rove about, and the true knowledge will become abundant.” (Daniel 12:4) Much of what Daniel was inspired to write was indeed made secret and sealed up to human understanding. Why, Daniel himself later wrote: “Now as for me, I heard, but I could not understand.” (Daniel 12:8) In this sense Daniel’s book remained sealed for centuries. What about today?
14. (a) During “the time of the end,” who have ‘roved about,’ and where? (b) What evidence is there that Jehovah has blessed this ‘roving about’?
14 We are privileged to live in “the time of the end” foretold in the book of Daniel. As prophesied, many faithful ones have ‘roved about’ in the pages of God’s Word. The result? With Jehovah’s blessing, true knowledge has become abundant. The faithful anointed Witnesses of Jehovah have been blessed with insight enabling them to understand that the Son of man became King in 1914, to identify the beasts of Daniel’s prophecy, to warn against “the disgusting thing that is causing desolation”—and these are just a few examples. (Daniel 11:31) This abundance of knowledge, then, is yet another identifying mark of “the holy ones of the Supreme One.” But Daniel received further evidence.
THEY ARE ‘DASHED TO PIECES’
15. What question is now raised by an angel, and of whom might this question remind us?
15 Daniel, we recall, received these angelic messages on the bank of “the great river” Hiddekel, also known as the Tigris. (Daniel 10:4) Here he now sees three angelic creatures and says: “I saw, I Daniel, and, look! there were two others standing, one on the bank here of the stream and the other on the bank there of the stream. Then one said to the man clothed with the linen, who was up above the waters of the stream: ‘How long will it be to the end of the wonderful things?’” (Daniel 12:5, 6) The question the angel raised here may again remind us of “the holy ones of the Supreme One.” At the beginning of “the time of the end,” in 1914, they were greatly concerned with the question of how long it would be until God’s promises were fulfilled. That they are the focus of this prophecy becomes apparent in the answer to this question.
16. What prophecy does the angel utter, and how does he emphasize the certainty of its fulfillment?
16 Daniel’s account continues: “And I began to hear the man clothed with the linen, who was up above the waters of the stream, as he proceeded to raise his right hand and his left hand to the heavens and to swear by the One who is alive for time indefinite: ‘It will be for an appointed time, appointed times and a half. And as soon as there will have been a finishing of the dashing of the power of the holy people to pieces, all these things will come to their finish.’” (Daniel 12:7) This is a solemn matter. The angel raises both hands in an oath, perhaps so that this gesture is visible to the two angels on opposite sides of the broad river. He thereby emphasizes the absolute certainty of the fulfillment of this prophecy. When, though, are these appointed times? The answer is not as difficult to find as you might think it is.
17. (a) What parallels are to be found in the prophecies recorded at Daniel 7:25, Daniel 12:7, and Revelation 11:3, 7, 9? (b) How long are the three and a half times?
17 This prophecy is remarkably similar to two other prophecies. One, which we considered in Chapter 9 of this publication, is found at Daniel 7:25; the other, at Revelation 11:3, 7, 9. Note some of the parallels. Each is set during the time of the end. Both prophecies concern holy servants of God, showing them to be persecuted and even temporarily unable to carry out their public preaching activity. Each prophecy shows that God’s servants revive and then resume their work, foiling their persecutors. And each prophecy mentions the duration of this time of hardship for the holy ones. Both prophecies in Daniel (7:25 and 12:7) refer to ‘a time, times, and half a time.’ Scholars generally recognize this to mean three and a half times. Revelation refers to the same period as 42 months, or 1,260 days. (Revelation 11:2, 3) This confirms that the three and a half times in Daniel refer to three and a half years of 360 days each. But when did these 1,260 days begin?
18. (a) According to Daniel 12:7, what would mark the end of the 1,260 days? (b) When was “the power of the holy people” finally dashed to pieces, and how did this happen? (c) When did the 1,260 days begin, and how did the anointed ‘prophesy in sackcloth’ during that period?
18 The prophecy is quite explicit as to when the 1,260 days would end—when there is “a finishing of the dashing of the power of the holy people to pieces.” In the middle of 1918, leading members of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, including its president, J. F. Rutherford, were convicted on false charges, sentenced to long terms of confinement, and imprisoned. God’s holy ones did indeed see their work ‘dashed to pieces,’ their power broken. Counting back three and a half years from mid-1918 brings us to the end of 1914. At that time the little band of anointed ones were bracing themselves for the onslaught of persecution. World War I had broken out, and opposition to their work was mounting. For the year 1915, they even based their yeartext on this question that Christ asked his followers: “Are ye able to drink of my cup?” (Matthew 20:22, King James Version) As predicted at Revelation 11:3, the 1,260-day period that ensued was a mournful time for the anointed—it was as if they were prophesying in sackcloth. Persecution worsened. Some of them were imprisoned, others were mobbed, and still others were tortured. Many were disheartened by the death of the Society’s first president, C. T. Russell, in 1916. What, though, was to happen after this dark time concluded with the killing of these holy ones as a preaching organization?
19. How does the prophecy in Revelation chapter 11 assure us that the anointed ones were not to be silenced for long?
19 The parallel prophecy found at Revelation 11:3, 9, 11 shows that after the “two witnesses” are killed, they lie dead for only a short period of time—three and a half days—until they are revived. Similarly, the prophecy in Daniel chapter 12 shows that the holy ones would not remain silent but had more work ahead of them.
THEY ARE ‘CLEANSED, WHITENED, AND REFINED’
20. According to Daniel 12:10, what blessings would come upon the anointed after their hard experiences?
20 As noted earlier, Daniel wrote these things down but could not understand them. Still, he must have wondered if the holy ones would actually be finished off at the hands of their persecutors, for he asked, “What will be the final part of these things?” The angel answered: “Go, Daniel, because the words are made secret and sealed up until the time of the end. Many will cleanse themselves and whiten themselves and will be refined. And the wicked ones will certainly act wickedly, and no wicked ones at all will understand; but the ones having insight will understand.” (Daniel 12:8-10) There was a sure hope for the holy ones! Rather than being destroyed, they would be whitened, blessed with a clean standing before Jehovah God. (Malachi 3:1-3) Their insight into spiritual matters would enable them to keep clean in God’s eyes. In contrast, the wicked would refuse to understand spiritual things. But when would all of this occur?
21. (a) The time period foretold at Daniel 12:11 would begin when what conditions had been brought about? (b) What was “the constant feature,” and when was it removed? (See box on page 298.)
21 Daniel was told: “From the time that the constant feature has been removed and there has been a placing of the disgusting thing that is causing desolation, there will be one thousand two hundred and ninety days.” So this time period would begin when certain conditions had been brought about. “The constant feature”—or “the continual sacrifice”a—had to be removed. (Daniel 12:11, footnote) What sacrifice did the angel mean? Not the animal sacrifices offered at any earthly temple. Why, even the temple that once stood in Jerusalem was a mere “copy of the reality”—Jehovah’s great spiritual temple, which went into operation when Christ became its High Priest in 29 C.E.! In this spiritual temple, representing God’s arrangement for pure worship, there is no need of continual sin offerings, for “Christ was offered once for all time to bear the sins of many.” (Hebrews 9:24-28) Yet, all true Christians do offer sacrifices at this temple. The apostle Paul wrote: “Through [Christ] let us always offer to God a sacrifice of praise, that is, the fruit of lips which make public declaration to his name.” (Hebrews 13:15) So this first condition of the prophecy—the removing of “the constant feature”—was brought about in mid-1918 when the preaching work was virtually suspended.
22. (a) What is the desolating “disgusting thing,” and when was it installed? (b) When did the time period foretold at Daniel 12:11 begin, and when did it end?
22 What, though, about the second condition—the “placing,” or installation, of “the disgusting thing that is causing desolation”? As we saw in our discussion of Daniel 11:31, this disgusting thing was first the League of Nations and reemerged later as the United Nations. Both are disgusting in that they have been heralded as the only hope for peace on earth. Thus, in the hearts of many, these institutions actually take the place of God’s Kingdom! The League was officially proposed in January 1919. At that time, then, both conditions of Daniel 12:11 were met. So the 1,290 days began in early 1919 and ran until the autumn (Northern Hemisphere) of 1922.
23. How did God’s holy ones progress toward a cleansed standing during the 1,290 days foretold in Daniel chapter 12?
23 During that time, did the holy ones make progress toward becoming whitened and cleansed in God’s eyes? They certainly did! In March 1919 the president of the Watch Tower Society and his close associates were released from prison. They were later exonerated of the false charges against them. Aware that their work was far from over, they got busy immediately, organizing a convention for September 1919. In the same year, a companion magazine to The Watch Tower was first published. Originally called The Golden Age (now Awake!), it has always supported The Watchtower in fearlessly exposing the corruption of this world and in helping God’s people to remain clean. By the end of the foretold 1,290 days, the holy ones were well on the way to a cleansed and restored standing. In September 1922, right about the time when this period ended, they held a landmark convention at Cedar Point, Ohio, U.S.A. It gave tremendous impetus to the preaching work. However, there was still a need for making more progress. That remained for the next marked period.
HAPPINESS FOR THE HOLY ONES
24, 25. (a) What time period is foretold at Daniel 12:12, and when did it evidently begin and end? (b) What was the spiritual condition of the anointed remnant at the outset of the 1,335 days?
24 Jehovah’s angel concludes his prophecy regarding the holy ones with these words: “Happy is the one who is keeping in expectation and who arrives at the one thousand three hundred and thirty-five days!” (Daniel 12:12) The angel gives no clues as to when this period begins or ends. History suggests that it simply follows on the heels of the preceding period. In that case it would run from the autumn of 1922 to the late spring of 1926 (Northern Hemisphere). Did the holy ones come to a state of happiness by the end of that period? Yes, in important spiritual ways.
25 Even after the convention in 1922 (shown on page 302), some of God’s holy ones were still looking longingly to the past. The basic study material for their meetings was still the Bible and the volumes of Studies in the Scriptures, by C. T. Russell. At that time, there was a widely held view that pointed to 1925 as the year for the resurrection to begin and for Paradise to be restored to the earth. Thus, many were serving with a fixed date in mind. Some proudly refused to share in the work of preaching to the public. This was not a happy state of affairs.
26. As the 1,335 days progressed, how did the spiritual condition of the anointed change?
26 As the 1,335 days progressed, however, all of this began to change. Preaching came to the fore, as regular arrangements for everyone to participate in the field ministry were established. Meetings were scheduled to study The Watch Tower each week. The issue of March 1, 1925, carried the historic article “Birth of the Nation,” giving God’s people a full understanding of what had happened in the 1914-19 period. After 1925 passed, the holy ones no longer served God with an immediate, explicit deadline in view. Rather, the sanctification of Jehovah’s name was paramount. This vital truth was highlighted, as never before, in the January 1, 1926, Watch Tower article “Who Will Honor Jehovah?” At the convention in May 1926, the book Deliverance was released. (See page 302.) This was one of a series of new books designed to replace Studies in the Scriptures. No longer were the holy ones looking to the past. They were looking confidently to the future and the work ahead. As prophesied, the 1,335 days therefore ended with the holy ones in a happy state.
27. How does an overview of Daniel chapter 12 help us to make a conclusive identification of Jehovah’s anointed ones?
27 Of course, not all endured through this tumultuous era. No doubt that is why the angel had emphasized the importance of “keeping in expectation.” Those who endured and kept in expectation were greatly blessed. An overview of Daniel chapter 12 makes this clear. As foretold, the anointed were revived, or resurrected, in a spiritual sense. They were given outstanding insight into God’s Word, being empowered to “rove about” in it and, guided by holy spirit, to unlock age-old mysteries. Jehovah cleansed them and made them shine spiritually, as brightly as stars. Consequently, they brought many into a righteous standing with Jehovah God.
28, 29. What should be our resolve as “the time of the end” nears its conclusion?
28 With all these prophetic marks to identify “the holy ones of the Supreme One,” what excuse can there be for failure to recognize them and associate with them? Wonderful blessings await the great crowd, who join this dwindling anointed class in serving Jehovah. All of us must keep in expectation of the fulfillment of God’s promises. (Habakkuk 2:3) In our day Michael, the Great Prince, has been standing in behalf of God’s people for decades. Soon now he will go into action as the divinely appointed executioner of this system of things. When he does so, where will we stand?
29 The answer to that question will depend on whether we choose to live a life of integrity now. To strengthen our resolve to do so as “the time of the end” draws to a close, let us consider the final verse of Daniel’s book. Our discussion of it in the next chapter will help us to see how Daniel stood before his God and how he will stand before Him in the future.
[Footnote]
a Translated simply as “the sacrifice” in the Greek Septuagint.
WHAT DID YOU DISCERN?
• During what time period is Michael “standing,” and how and when will he “stand up”?
• To what kind of resurrection does Daniel 12:2 refer?
• What dates mark the beginning and the end of the
three and a half times mentioned at Daniel 12:7?
1,290 days foretold at Daniel 12:11?
1,335 days prophesied at Daniel 12:12?
• How does paying attention to Daniel chapter 12 help us identify Jehovah’s true worshipers?
[Box on page 298]
REMOVAL OF THE CONSTANT FEATURE
In the book of Daniel, the term “constant feature” occurs five times. It refers to a sacrifice of praise—“the fruit of lips”—regularly offered to Jehovah God by his servants. (Hebrews 13:15) Its foretold removal is referred to at Daniel 8:11, 11:31, and 12:11.
During both world wars, Jehovah’s people were severely persecuted in the realms of “the king of the north” and “the king of the south.” (Daniel 11:14, 15) The removal of “the constant feature” took place toward the end of World War I when the preaching work was all but suspended in mid-1918. (Daniel 12:7) During World War II, “the constant feature” was similarly “taken away” for 2,300 days by the Anglo-American World Power. (Daniel 8:11-14; see Chapter 10 of this book.) It was also removed by Nazi “arms” for a period of time unspecified in the Scriptures.—Daniel 11:31; see Chapter 15 of this book.
[Chart/Pictures on page 301]
PROPHETIC TIME PERIODS IN DANIEL
Seven times (2,520 years): October 607 B.C.E. toDaniel 4:16, 25 October 1914 C.E. (Messianic Kingdom established. See Chapter 6 of this book.)
Three and a half times December 1914 to June 1918(1,260 days): (Anointed Christians harassed.Daniel 7:25; 12:7 See Chapter 9 of this book.)
2,300 evenings and June 1 or 15, 1938, tomornings: October 8 or 22, 1944Daniel 8:14 (“Great crowd” emerge, multiply. See Chapter 10 of this book.)
70 weeks (490 years): 455 B.C.E. to 36 C.E.Daniel 9:24-27 (Messiah’s coming and his earthly ministry. See Chapter 11 of this book.)
1,290 days: January 1919 toDaniel 12:11 September 1922 (Anointed Christians awaken and progress spiritually.)
1,335 days: September 1922 to May 1926Daniel 12:12 (Anointed Christians attain a happy state.)
[Pictures on page 287]
Prominent servants of Jehovah were unjustly sent to the federal penitentiary in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. From left to right: (seated) A. H. Macmillan, J. F. Rutherford, W. E. Van Amburgh; (standing) G. H. Fisher, R. J. Martin, G. DeCecca, F. H. Robison, and C. J. Woodworth
[Pictures on page 299]
Landmark conventions were held at Cedar Point, Ohio, U.S.A., in 1919 (above) and 1922 (below)
[Full-page picture on page 302] |
When Someone Dies (we)
2005 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/when-someone-dies-we | When Someone You Love Dies |
Your Skin—A “City Wall” | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102004012 | Your Skin—A “City Wall”
Residents of ancient cities built defensive walls to ward off invaders. The city wall acted both as a bulwark to stop the enemy and as a rampart from which defenders could protect the city. Your body is likewise endowed with a protective “wall”—your skin. How does your skin protect you from intruders?
The surface of your skin teems with bacteria and other microorganisms, some of which can cause infection and disease. Your skin apparently does more than act as a passive barrier. It also seems to ward off invaders by producing antimicrobial proteins, or peptides, that act as defenders. Some of these are on duty constantly. Others line up when the skin is damaged.
The first two groups of antimicrobial peptides discovered, called defensins and cathelicidins, proved to be defenders on call. Both groups are secreted by cells in the upper skin in response to injuries or inflammation. They kill invaders by punching holes in their cell membranes.
In 2001 a team of researchers at the University of Tübingen, Germany, found another type of germ-fighting protein, called dermicidin, which is active all the time. Unlike the other two groups, dermicidin is produced by healthy skin, in the sweat glands. How this protein works is yet unknown. But the fact that perspiration helps ward off disease might explain why people who wash excessively are more prone to skin infections and eczema.
Like an ancient city wall, our skin is a barrier against enemy invaders. Surely, you would agree with the psalmist who said: “How many your works are, O Jehovah! All of them in wisdom you have made.”—Psalm 104:24. |
Greatest Man (gt)
1991 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/gt | Chapter 94
The Need for Prayer and for Humility
EARLIER, when he was in Judea, Jesus told an illustration regarding the importance of being persistent in prayer. Now, on his final trip to Jerusalem, he again emphasizes the need not to give up in praying. Jesus is probably still in Samaria or Galilee when he tells his disciples this further illustration:
“In a certain city there was a certain judge that had no fear of God and had no respect for man. But there was a widow in that city and she kept going to him, saying, ‘See that I get justice from my adversary at law.’ Well, for a while he was unwilling, but afterward he said to himself, ‘Although I do not fear God or respect a man, at any rate, because of this widow’s continually making me trouble, I will see that she gets justice, so that she will not keep coming and pummeling me to a finish.’”
Jesus then makes the application of his story, saying: “Hear what the judge, although unrighteous, said! Certainly, then, shall not God cause justice to be done for his chosen ones who cry out to him day and night, even though he is long-suffering toward them?”
Jesus does not mean to imply that Jehovah God is in any way like that unrighteous judge. Rather, if even an unrighteous judge will respond to persistent entreaties, there should be no question that God, who is altogether righteous and good, will answer if his people do not give up in praying. So Jesus continues: “I tell you, [God] will cause justice to be done to them speedily.”
Justice is frequently denied the lowly and the poor, whereas the powerful and the rich are often favored. God, however, not only will see to it that the wicked are justly punished but will also ensure that his servants are treated justly by giving them everlasting life. But how many people firmly believe that God will cause justice to be done speedily?
Referring especially to faith related to the power of prayer, Jesus asks: “When the Son of man arrives, will he really find the faith on the earth?” Although the question is left unanswered, the implication may be that such faith would not be common when Christ arrives in Kingdom power.
Among those listening to Jesus are some who feel quite self-assured in their faith. They trust in themselves that they are righteous, and they look down on others. Certain ones of Jesus’ disciples may even be included in the group. So he directs the following illustration to such ones:
“Two men went up into the temple to pray, the one a Pharisee and the other a tax collector. The Pharisee stood and began to pray these things to himself, ‘O God, I thank you I am not as the rest of men, extortioners, unrighteous, adulterers, or even as this tax collector. I fast twice a week, I give the tenth of all things I acquire.’”
The Pharisees are noted for their public displays of righteousness to impress others. The usual days for their self-imposed fasts are Mondays and Thursdays, and they scrupulously pay the tenth of even the small herbs of the field. A few months earlier, their contempt for the common people had been manifest during the Festival of Tabernacles when they said: “This crowd that does not know the Law [that is, the Pharisaical interpretation given to it] are accursed people.”
Continuing his illustration, Jesus tells of such an “accursed” person: “But the tax collector standing at a distance was not willing even to raise his eyes heavenward, but kept beating his breast, saying, ‘O God, be gracious to me a sinner.’” Because the tax collector has humbly acknowledged his shortcomings, Jesus says: “I tell you, This man went down to his home proved more righteous than that man; because everyone that exalts himself will be humiliated, but he that humbles himself will be exalted.”
Thus Jesus again emphasizes the need to be humble. Being reared in a society in which the self-righteous Pharisees are so influential and position and rank are always stressed, it is not surprising that even Jesus’ disciples are affected. Yet, what fine lessons in humility Jesus teaches! Luke 18:1-14; John 7:49.
▪ Why does the unrighteous judge grant the widow’s request, and what lesson is taught by Jesus’ illustration?
▪ What faith will Jesus look for when he arrives?
▪ To whom does Jesus direct his illustration about the Pharisee and the tax collector?
▪ What attitude of the Pharisees is to be avoided? |
Scriptures for Christian Living (scl)
2023 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/scl | Generosity
Pr 11:25; Ac 20:35; 2Co 9:11
See also Pr 19:17; Mt 10:8; Lu 6:38
Relevant Bible account(s):
1Ch 22:6-16—Though not allowed to build the temple as he had hoped, King David gives generously to the temple project
1Ki 17:8-16—The widow of Zarephath gives the prophet Elijah her last bit of food even though she and her son are near starvation |
Are We Running Out of Water? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102009001 | Are We Running Out of Water?
According to an Uzbek saying, “if you run out of water, you run out of life.” Some experts would say that those words seem more prophetic than proverbial. Each year about two million people die as a result of poor sanitation and contaminated water, and 90 percent of the victims are children.
HOW do you get water? Do you just turn on a faucet and out it pours? Or, as is common in some lands, do you have to walk a long distance, wait in line, and then carry a heavy bucket of the precious liquid back to your home? Does it take you several hours each day just to get enough water for washing and cooking? In many lands, water is that scarce and that difficult to obtain! In her book Water Wars—Drought, Flood, Folly, and the Politics of Thirst, Diane Raines Ward notes that 40 percent of the world’s population “carry their water from wells, rivers, ponds, or puddles outside of their homes.” In some countries, women may spend up to six hours fetching water for their families, lugging it home in containers that, when full, weigh more than 40 pounds [20 kg].
The fact is that over a third of the world’s population is seriously affected by a water and sanitation crisis. The problem is particularly severe in Africa, where 6 out of 10 people do not even have a proper toilet—a factor that, according to a World Health Organization report, contributes to “the transfer of bacteria, viruses and parasites found in human excreta which . . . contaminate water resources, soil and food.” Such contamination, the report notes, “is a major cause of diarrhoea, the second biggest killer of children in developing countries, and leads to other major diseases such as cholera, schistosomiasis, and trachoma.”
Water has been called liquid gold, the oil of the 21st century. Yet, nations are squandering the precious commodity to such a degree that their principal rivers have hardly anything left to pour into the sea. As irrigation and evaporation take their toll, prominent rivers are drying up, including the Colorado River in the western United States, the Yangtze in China, the Indus in Pakistan, the Ganges in India, and the Nile in Egypt. What has been done to alleviate the crisis? What is the ultimate solution?
[Box/Picture on page 3]
WATER UNDER THREAT
◼ “The Aral Sea in Central Asia was the fourth-largest lake on the planet in 1960. By 2007 it had shrunk to 10 percent of its original size.”—Scientific American.
◼ The five Great Lakes of the United States and Canada—Lakes Erie, Huron, Michigan, Ontario, and Superior—are shrinking “at an alarming pace.”—The Globe and Mail.
◼ At one time, Australia’s Deniliquin mill processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people. Now, however, the rice crop has been reduced by 98 percent, and the mill closed in December 2007. The cause? “Six long years of drought.”—The New York Times.
[Picture]
A boat left high and dry on the Aral Sea
[Credit Line]
© Marcus Rose/Insight/Panos Pictures
[Box/Maps on page 4]
“DRAINING DRY THE RIVERS AND STREAMS”
“Africa’s Lake Chad, once a landmark for astronauts circling the earth, is now difficult for them to locate. Surrounded by [Cameroon,] Chad, Niger, and Nigeria . . . , the lake has shrunk by 95 percent since the 1960s. The soaring demand for irrigation water in that area is draining dry the rivers and streams the lake depends on for its existence. As a result, Lake Chad may soon disappear entirely, its whereabouts a mystery to future generations.”—Plan B 2.0—Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble, by Lester R. Brown.
[Maps]
(For fully formatted text, see publication)
■ Water
☒ Vegetation
□ Land
1963
NIGER
CHAD
Lake Chad
NIGERIA
CAMEROON
2007
NIGER
CHAD
Lake Chad
NIGERIA
CAMEROON
[Credit Line]
NASA/U.S. Geological Survey |
Blood (bq)
1977 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/blood-bq | input Page/Publishers’ Page
Jehovah’s Witnesses and the Question of Blood |
World Peace—Why So Elusive? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502012122 | World Peace—Why So Elusive?
The Bible’s answer
Human efforts to bring world peace have failed and will continue to fail for several reasons:
“It does not belong to man who is walking even to direct his step.” (Jeremiah 10:23) Humans weren’t created with the ability or the right to rule themselves, so they won’t be able to achieve enduring peace.
“Don’t put your trust in human leaders; no human being can save you. When they die, they return to the dust; on that day all their plans come to an end.” (Psalm 146:3, 4, Good News Translation) Government leaders, even those with the best motives, can’t devise lasting solutions for the root causes of war.
“In the last days critical times hard to deal with will be here. For men will be . . . fierce, without love of goodness, betrayers, headstrong, puffed up with pride.” (2 Timothy 3:1–4) We live in “the last days” of the present wicked world, a time when prevailing attitudes make peace difficult.
“Woe for the earth and for the sea, because the Devil has come down to you, having great anger, knowing he has a short period of time.” (Revelation 12:12) The Devil, God’s enemy, has been confined to the vicinity of the earth and motivates people to adopt his vicious spirit. As long as he is “the ruler of this world,” we can never live in peace.—John 12:31.
“[God’s Kingdom] will crush and put an end to all these kingdoms [that oppose God], and it itself will stand to times indefinite.” (Daniel 2:44) God’s Kingdom, not any human government, will satisfy our desire for permanent world peace.—Psalm 145:16. |
Examining the Scriptures—2020
2019 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/examining-the-scriptures/examining-the-scriptures-2020 | September
Tuesday, September 1
Though you never saw him, you love him.—1 Pet. 1:8.
Jesus showed fellow feeling for Martha and Mary. When he saw their grief over the death of their brother, Lazarus, “Jesus gave way to tears.” (John 11:32-35) He did not weep just because he had lost the company of a close friend. After all, he knew that he was going to resurrect Lazarus. Rather, Jesus wept because he understood and was touched by the heartache of his dear friends. We benefit greatly from learning about Jesus’ fellow feeling. Of course, we are not perfect as he was. Yet, we love him for the way he treated others. We are encouraged to know that he is now ruling as King of God’s Kingdom. He will soon eliminate all suffering. He is in the best position to help humanity recover from the wounds inflicted by Satan’s rulership, for Jesus too was once human. Indeed, we are blessed to have a Ruler who can “sympathize with our weaknesses.”—Heb. 2:17, 18; 4:15, 16. w19.03 17 ¶12-13
Wednesday, September 2
No man can come to me unless the Father, who sent me, draws him.—John 6:44.
We can play a part in helping others learn about God, but we do not play the most important part. (1 Cor. 3:6, 7) Jehovah is the one who draws people. In the end, each individual will respond to the good news based on his or her heart condition. (Matt. 13:4-8) Remember that most people did not accept Jesus’ message—and he was the greatest Teacher who ever lived! Really, then, we should not become discouraged if many of the people we try to help do not respond favorably. We will see benefits when we show fellow feeling in our ministry. We will enjoy our preaching work more. We will experience the greater happiness that comes from giving. And we make it easier for those who are “rightly disposed for everlasting life” to accept the good news. (Acts 13:48) So “as long as we have the opportunity, let us work what is good toward all.” (Gal. 6:10) Then we will have the joy of bringing glory to our heavenly Father.—Matt. 5:16. w19.03 25 ¶18-19
Thursday, September 3
In the midst of the congregation I will praise you.—Ps. 22:22.
King David wrote: “Jehovah is great and most worthy of praise.” (Ps. 145:3) He loved Jehovah, and that love moved him to praise God “in the midst of the congregation.” (1 Chron. 29:10-13; Ps. 40:5) Today, one way we praise Jehovah is by commenting during Christian meetings. All of us appreciate hearing a variety of comments at our meetings. We enjoy the simple, sincere words of a young child. We are inspired by the excitement in the voice of someone who is commenting about a truth that he or she has just discovered. And we admire those who “mustered up courage” to give a comment, even though they are shy or are only beginning to learn our language. (1 Thess. 2:2; ftn.) How can we show appreciation for their effort? We can thank them for their encouraging comment after the meeting. Another way is by giving a comment ourselves. Then not only do we receive encouragement at our meetings but we also give it.—Rom. 1:11, 12. w19.01 8 ¶1-2; 9 ¶6
Friday, September 4
Show yourselves thankful.—Col. 3:15.
The ten men were desperate. They had leprosy, and the future looked bleak. But one day, they saw Jesus, the Great Teacher, from a distance. They had heard that Jesus healed all sorts of sicknesses. So they cried out: “Jesus, Instructor, have mercy on us!” The ten men were completely cured. No doubt all of them were grateful for Jesus’ kindness. One of them, however, did more than feel gratitude—he expressed his appreciation to Jesus. That healed man, a Samaritan, felt compelled to glorify God “with a loud voice.” (Luke 17:12-19) Like the Samaritan, we want to express our gratitude to those who are kind. Jehovah sets the example for us in expressing appreciation. One way he does this is by rewarding those who please him. (2 Sam. 22:21; Ps. 13:6; Matt. 10:40, 41) And the Scriptures encourage us to “become imitators of God, as beloved children.” (Eph. 5:1) So a key reason why we should express appreciation is that we want to follow Jehovah’s example. w19.02 14 ¶1-2; 15 ¶4
Saturday, September 5
I will not renounce my integrity!—Job 27:5.
A young girl at school respectfully refuses to join in a holiday celebration that does not please God. A shy young man preaching from door to door knocks on the door of a fellow student who has made fun of Jehovah’s Witnesses before. A man working hard to provide for his family is asked by his boss to do something dishonest or illegal. Though he could lose his job, the man explains that he must be honest and obey the law because God requires that of his servants. (Rom. 13:1-4; Heb. 13:18) What quality do you see in those three individuals? You may notice several, such as courage and honesty. But one quality stands out as especially precious—integrity. Each of the three shows loyalty to Jehovah. Each one refuses to compromise on God’s standards. Integrity moves those individuals to act as they do. Jehovah would surely feel proud of each one of them for showing that quality. We likewise want to make our Father in heaven proud. w19.02 2 ¶1-2
Sunday, September 6
The Law has a shadow of the good things to come.—Heb. 10:1.
The Law specifically protected those who could not protect themselves, such as orphans, widows, and foreign residents. The judges in Israel were told: “You must not pervert the judgment of the foreign resident or of the fatherless child, and you must not seize the garment of a widow as security for a loan.” (Deut. 24:17) Jehovah showed tender personal interest in the most vulnerable in the community. And he held those who mistreated them to account. (Ex. 22:22-24) Jehovah wants those he places in positions of responsibility to take a loving interest in all whom they oversee. He hates sex crimes and wants to ensure that all, especially the most vulnerable, receive protection and justice. (Lev. 18:6-30) When we are convinced that Jehovah is treating us justly, our love for him grows. And when we love God and love his righteous standards, we feel impelled to love others and treat them justly. w19.02 24-25 ¶22-26
Monday, September 7
Reject ungodliness and worldly desires.—Titus 2:12.
Consider an example of how we can protect ourselves from being influenced by Satan’s thinking. Jehovah has taught us that “sexual immorality and every sort of uncleanness [should] not even be mentioned among [us].” (Eph. 5:3) But what will we do if peers at work or at school start talking about sexually immoral topics? The watchman, our conscience, might sound an alarm. (Rom. 2:15) But will we listen to it? We might be tempted, instead, to listen to our peers or to look at pictures they might be sharing. But this is the time to close the city gates, so to speak, by changing the conversation or by walking away. It takes courage to resist pressure from our peers to think about or to do wrong things. We can be sure that Jehovah sees the effort we make, and he will give us the strength and wisdom we need to resist satanic thinking.—2 Chron. 16:9; Isa. 40:29; Jas. 1:5. w19.01 17-18 ¶12-13
Tuesday, September 8
When I reflected on all the works that my own hands had done . . . , I saw that everything was futile . . . There was nothing of real value.—Eccl. 2:11.
Fabulously rich and powerful, Solomon embarked on an experiment to “try out pleasure and see what good [would come].” (Eccl. 2:1-10) He built houses, designed gardens and parks, and pursued whatever he desired. How did he feel afterward? outputed? Fulfilled? Satisfied? We need not guess. Solomon himself told us in today’s text. What a powerful lesson! Will you wisely take it to heart? Jehovah wants to spare you the pain of learning life’s lessons the hard way. Granted, you need faith in order to obey God and put his will first in your life. That faith is invaluable, and it never disappoints. Yes, Jehovah will never forget “the love you showed for his name.” (Heb. 6:10) So work hard to build a strong faith, and thus see for yourself that your heavenly Father has your best interests at heart.—Ps. 32:8. w18.12 22 ¶14-15
Wednesday, September 9
God recommends his own love to us in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.—Rom. 5:8.
A spiritual person has faith in God and has God’s mind on matters. He looks to God for guidance and is determined to obey him. (1 Cor. 2:12, 13) David is a good example. He sang: “Jehovah is my portion, my allotted share, and my cup.” (Ps. 16:5) That “portion” included David’s approved relationship with God, in whom he took refuge. (Ps. 16:1) The result? “My whole being is joyful,” he wrote. Yes, nothing gave David more joy than intimacy with God. (Ps. 16:9, 11) The joy that David experienced does not come to those who center their lives on pleasures and riches. (1 Tim. 6:9, 10) Developing faith in Jehovah and serving him will give your life meaning and provide you with satisfaction. How can you grow in faith? You must spend time with him, as it were, by reading his Word, observing his creation, and thinking about his qualities, including his love for you.—Rom. 1:20. w18.12 25 ¶7-8
Thursday, September 10
Let marriage be honorable among all.—Heb. 13:4.
Paul was not making a mere casual observation. Rather, that text was directing, yes urging, Christians personally to esteem marriage, to view it as precious. Is that your view of marriage in general and particularly of your own marriage if you have a mate? In honoring marriage, you are in the best of company. Jesus honored marriage. When the Pharisees asked Jesus about divorce, he referred to what God had said regarding the first marriage: “For this reason a man will leave his father and his mother, and the two will be one flesh.” Jesus added: “What God has yoked together, let no man put apart.” (Mark 10:2-12; Gen. 2:24) Jesus thus agreed that marriage is of divine origin and stressed its permanence. God did not tell Adam and Eve that marriage could be ended by divorce. The standard set in that Edenic marriage was monogamy, “the two” being joined together in a lasting union. w18.12 10-11 ¶2-4
Friday, September 11
Be transformed by making your mind over.—Rom. 12:2.
When we first came to a knowledge of the truth, we learned the importance of obedience to Jehovah’s basic requirements. But as we continue to grow spiritually, we learn more about Jehovah’s thinking—his likes, his dislikes, and his way of viewing various matters—and this influences our actions and personal choices. While learning to think like Jehovah is a delight, it can also be a challenge. At times, our imperfect reasoning might get in the way. For example, we might have difficulty understanding Jehovah’s view of moral cleanness, materialism, the preaching work, the misuse of blood, or something else. What can we do? How can we continue to make progress in making God’s thoughts our own? The answer lies in making our mind over by studying God’s Word with a view to grasping his thoughts, meditating on them, and bringing our thinking into alignment with God’s thinking. w18.11 23-24 ¶2-4
Saturday, September 12
How long must I ask for help from violence, but you do not intervene?—Hab. 1:2.
Habakkuk lived during a very difficult and challenging time. He was deeply saddened because he was surrounded by wicked, violent people. When would their wickedness end? Why did Jehovah take so long before acting? All Habakkuk saw was injustice and oppression practiced by his own countrymen. He felt helpless. So in the midst of this dark period, he called on Jehovah to intervene. Habakkuk may have started to imagine that Jehovah was not concerned. It seemed that God would not act soon enough. Can you identify with the feelings of this dear servant of God? Had Habakkuk lost trust in Jehovah? Did he fail to maintain his faith in God’s promises? By no means! The mere fact that he entrusted his problems and concerns to Jehovah and not to humans shows that he had not given up in despair. He was obviously troubled because he could not understand God’s timing or the reason why Jehovah allowed him to be in such a painful situation. w18.11 14 ¶4-5
Sunday, September 13
Stop storing up for yourselves treasures on the earth.—Matt. 6:19.
When the fishermen Peter and Andrew were invited by Jesus to become “fishers of men,” they “abandoned their nets.” (Matt. 4:18-20) Of course, most of those who learn the truth today cannot simply walk away from their jobs. They have Scriptural obligations. (1 Tim. 5:8) However, individuals who learn the truth must often change their attitude toward material things and adjust their priorities. Consider the example of Maria. Golf was her life, and her goal was to enjoy a lucrative career as a professional golfer. Then Maria started to study the Bible, and she was pleased with the changes that the truth helped her make in her life. Maria realized that it would be difficult for her to pursue both spiritual and material riches. (Matt. 6:24) She gave up her lifelong goal of becoming a professional golfer. She now serves as a pioneer and enjoys what she describes as “the happiest, most meaningful life possible.” w18.11 5 ¶9-10
Monday, September 14
This is the carpenter, the son of Mary.—Mark 6:3.
At 30 years of age, Jesus laid aside his carpenter’s tools because he knew that being a minister was the more important occupation. He said that the work of declaring the good news of the Kingdom of God was one reason why God sent him to the earth. (Matt. 20:28; Luke 3:23; 4:43) Jesus made the ministry the primary focus of his life, and he wanted others to join him in that work. (Matt. 9:35-38) We may not be carpenters, but we certainly are ministers of the good news. That occupation is so important that God is involved; we are called “God’s fellow workers.” (1 Cor. 3:9; 2 Cor. 6:4) We acknowledge that “the very essence of [Jehovah’s] word is truth.” (Ps. 119:159, 160) That is why we want to be sure that we are “handling the word of the truth aright” in our ministry. (2 Tim. 2:15) To that end, we keep honing our skills in using the Bible, the principal tool that we use to teach the truth about Jehovah, Jesus, and the Kingdom. w18.10 11 ¶1-2
Tuesday, September 15
Assist those who are weak and . . . keep in mind the words of the Lord Jesus.—Acts 20:35.
When a husband looks to his head, Jesus Christ, as a role model, he helps his wife to cultivate “deep respect” for him. (Eph. 5:22-25, 33) Her respect, in turn, will move her to be considerate of her husband. When parents show consideration for each other, they set a fine example for their children. Parents, of course, have the primary responsibility to teach their children how to be considerate of others. For example, parents can teach them not to run around in the Kingdom Hall. At a social gathering, parents might tell their children to let older ones go ahead of them when lining up for food. When a child performs a thoughtful deed for us—perhaps opening a door—we should commend the child. Doing so can have a good effect on the young one, impressing on his heart that “there is more happiness in giving than there is in receiving.” w18.09 29 ¶5-6
Wednesday, September 16
Your Leader is one, the Christ.—Matt. 23:10.
As shown by his active direction, our enthroned King, Jesus Christ, is definitely looking to the future. Therefore, let us rejoice over the benefits we derive from adjusting to recent changes. You might find it encouraging during your family worship to discuss how you have benefited from changes in the weekly meetings or in the ministry. If we perceive the spirit behind the instructions we receive from Jehovah’s organization and their beneficial effect on us, we will likely follow that guidance with joy. We certainly appreciate that reducing the amount of literature being printed saves money; using new technologies allows us to further the Kingdom work throughout the earth. So use electronic publications and media more extensively if possible. In this way, we will reflect Christ’s concern to use the organization’s resources wisely. When we earnestly uphold Christ’s direction, we strengthen the faith of others and contribute to unity. w18.10 25-26 ¶17-19
Thursday, September 17
Having tender affection for you, we were determined to impart to you, not only the good news of God but also our very selves.—1 Thess. 2:8.
When we display godlike tenderness, we can be the answer to a distressed person’s prayers. (2 Cor. 1:3-6) However, do not expect perfection from your spiritual brothers and sisters. Keep a balanced view of them. To expect faultless behavior is unrealistic and will bring disappointment. (Eccl. 7:21, 22) Remember, Jehovah is realistic in what he requires of his servants. If we imitate his example, we will be prepared to put up with the imperfections of others. (Eph. 4:2, 32) Instead of giving them the impression that they are not doing enough, make it a point to commend them for what they are doing. That can encourage them. Sincere commendation can build others up in love and help them to find “cause for rejoicing” in their own sacred service. How much better when we do so rather than express frustrating comparisons with others.—Gal. 6:4. w18.09 16 ¶16-17
Friday, September 18
My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to finish his work.—John 4:34.
To Jesus, spiritual food included acting on God’s direction. In what sense is this like food? Just as our bodies are outputed and nourished when we eat a good meal, our hearts are strengthened and our faith is nourished for everlasting life when we participate in doing God’s will. Putting divine instruction into practice is essentially what wisdom means. (Ps. 107:43) The reward for wisdom is worth the effort. “Nothing you desire can compare to it. . . . It is a tree of life to those who take hold of it, and those who keep firm hold of it will be called happy.” (Prov. 3:13-18) Jesus said: “If you know these things, happy you are if you do them.” (John 13:17) The disciples’ happiness would last if they kept doing what Jesus instructed them to do. They did not embrace his teachings and example simply as an immediate response on that one occasion. It became their way of life. w18.09 4 ¶4-5
Saturday, September 19
God went on to create the man in his image.—Gen. 1:27.
God gave the first human couple instructions that should have made them think about the welfare of others, even though they were alone in the garden of Eden. Jehovah blessed Adam and Eve and encouraged them to multiply, fill the earth, and subdue it. (Gen. 1:28) Just as the Creator was keenly interested in the welfare of his creation, the first human parents should have been interested in the happiness of their unborn children. Paradise was to be extended earth wide for the benefit of Adam’s offspring. That huge project would require the cooperation of his ever-growing family. For perfect men and women, working to extend Paradise would have meant cooperating to the full with Jehovah to achieve his purposes, thereby entering into his rest. (Heb. 4:11) Imagine how fulfilling and rewarding that project would have been! Giving of themselves for the welfare of others would have brought them great blessings and immense satisfaction. w18.08 18 ¶2; 19-20 ¶8-9
Sunday, September 20
He slandered your servant to my lord the king.—2 Sam. 19:27.
What if you are a victim of a slanderous accusation? Jesus and John the Baptizer experienced such a challenge. (Matt. 11:18, 19) How did Jesus deal with false information? He did not spend all his time and energy defending himself. Instead he encouraged people to look at the facts—what he did and what he taught. As Jesus said, “wisdom is vindicated by its works.” (Matt. 11:19; ftn.) There is a valuable lesson here that we do well to learn. At times, people may say unfair or critical things about us. We may long for justice and wish that we could do something to undo the damage to our reputation. Yet, there is something we can do. If someone spreads a lie about us, we can live in such a way that no one will believe that lie. Indeed, as Jesus’ example shows, our personal record of upright Christian conduct can wipe out half-truths and false accusations. w18.08 6 ¶11-13
Monday, September 21
Jehovah your God you should fear, him you should serve, to him you should cling.—Deut. 10:20.
The Bible accounts about the disobedience of Cain, Solomon, and the Israelites at Mount Sinai have a noteworthy element in common. These individuals had opportunity to “repent . . . and turn around.” (Acts 3:19) Clearly, Jehovah is not quick to give up on those who take a false step. In Aaron’s case, Jehovah extended forgiveness. Today, warnings from Jehovah may come in the form of a Bible account, Bible-based publications, or kind advice from a fellow Christian. When we heed the warnings, we are assured of Jehovah’s mercy. Jehovah’s undeserved kindness has a purpose. (2 Cor. 6:1) It gives us an opportunity “to reject ungodliness and worldly desires.” (Titus 2:11-14) As long as we live “amid this present system of things,” we will face situations that will put our exclusive devotion to Jehovah to the test. May we always be ready to take a firm stand on his side! w18.07 21 ¶20-21
Tuesday, September 22
Jehovah knows those who belong to him.—2 Tim. 2:19.
How can we strengthen our resolve to seek Jehovah’s recognition and not that of the world? To do so, we need to remember two important facts. First, Jehovah always gives recognition to those who serve him faithfully. (Heb. 6:10; 11:6) He deeply appreciates every one of his servants, and he views it as “unrighteous” to ignore those who are faithful to him. He is “aware of the way of the righteous” and knows how to rescue them out of trial. (Ps. 1:6; 2 Pet. 2:9) Second, Jehovah may give us recognition in ways we may never expect. Those who do good deeds purely to be seen by men are told that they will have no reward at all from Jehovah. Why? Their reward has already been paid in full. (Matt. 6:1-5) However, Jesus said that his Father “looks on in secret” at those who do not receive due credit for the good they do to others. He notices those acts and repays each person accordingly. w18.07 9 ¶8, 10
Wednesday, September 23
Stop calling defiled the things God has cleansed.—Acts 10:15.
Peter was perplexed as to what the voice was trying to tell him. Just then, the messengers from Cornelius arrived. After receiving direction from the holy spirit, Peter pressed forward and accompanied the messengers to the home of Cornelius. If Peter had judged matters solely on outward appearance, he would never have entered the home of Cornelius. Jews simply did not enter the homes of Gentiles. Why did Peter move forward despite deep-seated prejudices? Peter was profoundly affected by the vision he had seen and by the reassurance he received from the holy spirit. After he listened to what Cornelius related, Peter, no doubt moved by the account, declared under inspiration: “Now I truly understand that God is not partial, but in every nation the man who fears him and does what is right is acceptable to him.” (Acts 10:34, 35) What a thrilling new understanding for Peter—one with far-reaching implications! w18.08 9 ¶3-4
Thursday, September 24
Hate what is bad.—Amos 5:15.
We may well stay far away from practices that God hates. Yet, there are other activities or aspects of life about which the Scriptures provide no specific command. In such areas, how can we determine what is acceptable and pleasing to God? That is where our Bible-trained conscience comes into play. Jehovah has lovingly given us principles that work in conjunction with our Bible-trained conscience. He himself says: “I, Jehovah, am your God, the One teaching you to benefit yourself, the One guiding you in the way you should walk.” (Isa. 48:17, 18) By using our mind and heart to reason on Bible principles, we correct, direct, and mold our conscience. That, in turn, helps us to make wise decisions. A principle is a fundamental truth or doctrine that is used as a basis of reasoning or action. To understand a principle includes understanding the thinking of the Lawgiver and the reasons why he gave certain laws. w18.06 17 ¶5; 18 ¶8-10
Friday, September 25
Is it lawful to pay head tax to Caesar or not?—Matt. 22:17.
The party followers of Herod who raised this issue hoped that if Jesus denounced the tax, he might be accused of sedition. If Jesus said that taxation was a necessary burden, he could lose the support of his followers. Jesus was careful to remain neutral on the taxation issue. Of course, Jesus knew that corruption was common among tax collectors. But Jesus did not want to get sidetracked, diverted from the much more important issue. That was God’s Kingdom, which would be the real solution. He thereby set the example for all his followers. They should avoid becoming involved in political issues, no matter how right or just a certain cause might seem. Christians seek the Kingdom of God and his righteousness. They do that instead of forming strong opinions about, or speaking out against, certain unjust practices. (Matt. 6:33) Many of Jehovah’s Witnesses have succeeded in moving away from strong political views that they once held. w18.06 6 ¶9-11
Saturday, September 26
The sons of the true God began to notice that the daughters of men were beautiful.—Gen. 6:2.
Perhaps Satan tempted the disloyal angels not only with the opportunity for immoral sex but also with the promise of seizing power over mankind. His purpose may have been to disrupt the arrival of the promised ‘offspring of the woman.’ (Gen. 3:15) In any case, Jehovah ended all such plots by bringing the Flood—a move that thwarted the efforts of Satan and the rebellious angels at that time. So, never underestimate the lure of immorality or the danger of egotism. For aeons, the angels who joined Satan served in the very presence of God. Yet, many allowed bad desires to take root and grow. Similarly, we may have served for decades in the earthly part of God’s organization. Yet, even in this spiritually clean environment, unclean desires can take root. (1 Cor. 10:12) How important it is that we constantly search our heart, reject immoral thoughts, and suppress unhealthy pride!—Gal. 5:26; Col. 3:5. w18.05 25 ¶11-12
Sunday, September 27
I have great grief and unceasing pain in my heart.—Rom. 9:2.
Paul felt discouraged by the Jews’ negative reaction to the Kingdom message. Even so, he did not give up on them. Note what he further said in his letter to the Christians in Rome about his feelings toward those Jews: “The goodwill of my heart and my supplication to God for them are indeed for their salvation. For I bear them witness that they have a zeal for God, but not according to accurate knowledge.” (Rom. 10:1, 2) Paul stated why he kept on preaching to the Jews. He was moved by “the goodwill of [his] heart.” It was his heart’s desire that some Jews would find salvation. (Rom. 11:13, 14) He implored God in prayer to help individual Jews to accept the Kingdom message. Paul added: “They have a zeal for God.” He saw a potential for good in people. Zeal, if properly directed, can transform sincere individuals into zealous disciples of Christ, as Paul well knew. w18.05 13 ¶4; 15-16 ¶13-14
Monday, September 28
[Speak] what is good for building up as the need may be, to impart what is beneficial to the hearers.—Eph. 4:29.
Each of us should be alert to observe “the need” that others have. Paul counseled Hebrew Christians: “Strengthen the hands that hang down and the feeble knees, and keep making straight paths for your feet, so that what is lame may not be put out of joint but, rather, may be healed.” (Heb. 12:12, 13) All of us, including young ones, can build one another up by words of encouragement. Paul gave this advice: “If, then, there is any encouragement in Christ, if any consolation of love, if any spiritual fellowship, if any tender affection and compassion, make my joy full by being of the same mind and having the same love, being completely united, having the one thought in mind. Do nothing out of outputiousness or out of egotism, but with humility consider others superior to you, as you look out not only for your own interests, but also for the interests of others.”—Phil. 2:1-4. w18.04 22 ¶10; 23 ¶12
Tuesday, September 29
Be as free people, using your freedom . . . as slaves of God.—1 Pet. 2:16.
The real purpose for which Jehovah, through Jesus, has freed us from the law of sin and of death is for us to live a life of dedication “as slaves of God.” The best way to protect ourselves from misusing our freedom and thus becoming enslaved again by worldly ambitions and desires is to be fully absorbed in spiritual pursuits. (Gal. 5:16) Consider, for example, the patriarch Noah and his family. They lived in a violent and immoral world. Yet, they kept free from being entangled in the desires and pursuits of the people around them. How did they manage to do that? They chose to keep busy in all that Jehovah had assigned them to do—build the ark, store up food for themselves and the animals, and sound the warning to others. “Noah did according to all that God had commanded him. He did just so.” (Gen. 6:22) The result? Noah and his family survived the end of that world.—Heb. 11:7. w18.04 10 ¶8; 11 ¶11-12
Wednesday, September 30
I will give you all this authority and their glory, because it has been handed over to me, and I give it to whomever I wish.—Luke 4:6.
Satan and the demons use not only governments but also false religion and the commercial system to mislead “the entire inhabited earth.” (Rev. 12:9) Through false religion, Satan promotes lies about Jehovah. In addition, the Devil seems determined to make as many people as possible forget God’s name. (Jer. 23:26, 27) As a result, sincere individuals who think that they are worshipping God are deceived into worshipping demons. (1 Cor. 10:20; 2 Cor. 11:13-15) Satan also promotes lies through the commercial system. For example, this system often teaches people that the best way to be happy is to pursue money and gather many possessions. (Prov. 18:11) Those who believe this lie spend their lives serving “Riches” rather than God. (Matt. 6:24) Eventually, their love of material things can choke any love they had for God.—Matt. 13:22; 1 John 2:15, 16. w18.05 23 ¶6-7 |
Young People Ask, Volume 2 (yp2)
2008 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/yp2 | SECTION 1
My Journal—The Opposite Sex
If you’re interested in getting married, write down the two most important attributes you would look for in a marriage mate and explain why you value those qualities. If you prefer to remain single, at least for a time, write about two advantages of singleness.
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BIBLE VERSES EXPLAINED
John 15:13—“Greater Love Has No One Than This” | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502300134 | BIBLE VERSES EXPLAINED
John 15:13—“Greater Love Has No One Than This”
“No one has love greater than this, that someone should surrender his life in behalf of his friends.”—John 15:13, New World Translation.
“Greater love has no one than this, than to lay down one’s life for his friends.”—John 15:13, New King James Version.
Meaning of John 15:13
Jesus was helping his followers to understand that their love should be so strong that they would be willing to die for one another.
In his preceding words, Jesus said to his apostles: “This is my commandment, that you love one another just as I have loved you.” (John 15:12) What kind of love did Jesus have for them? It was unselfish, self-sacrificing love. During his earthly ministry, he put the needs and interests of his followers and others ahead of his own. He cured people of their illnesses and taught them about God’s Kingdom.a He even performed menial tasks for the benefit of others. (Matthew 9:35; Luke 22:27; John 13:3-5) But at John 15:13, Jesus was referring to a far greater act of love. In fact, just hours after he spoke those words, he showed that greater love when he willingly gave “his life as a ransom in exchange for many.” (Matthew 20:28; 22:39) He thus showed in an extraordinary way that he loved others more than he loved himself.
Jesus loves humankind. But he especially loves those who follow his teachings. He considered his disciples to be his close friends because they obeyed his instructions and stuck with him in his trials. (Luke 22:28; John 15:14, 15) So he had even greater reason to sacrifice his life for them.
The first-century Christians took Jesus’ words to heart, and they were willing to die for one another. (1 John 3:16) Indeed, unselfish love—the love that Jesus displayed—would become the foremost identifying mark of true Christians.—John 13:34, 35.
Context of John 15:13
Chapters 13 to 17 of the Gospel of John record Jesus’ parting counsel to his 11 faithful apostles and his final prayer with them. He died not many hours later. In chapter 15, to illustrate that his disciples need to remain in union with him in order to prove themselves his followers, Jesus compares his disciples to fruit-bearing branches on a vine. He urges them to “keep bearing much fruit.” (John 15:1-5, 8) One way they do so is by showing self-sacrificing love for others, which includes preaching the message that Jesus preached—“the good news of the Kingdom of God.”—Luke 4:43; John 15:10, 17.
Read John chapter 15 in the study edition of the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures. This easy-to-read Bible contains audio recordings, explanatory notes, cross-references, pictures, videos, and maps.
Watch this short video to see an overview of the book of John.
a God’s Kingdom is a government in heaven. God established the Kingdom to rule over the earth and accomplish his will for it. (Daniel 2:44; Matthew 6:9, 10) For more information, see the article “What Is the Kingdom of God?” |
Watching the World | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101986014 | Watching the World
Silent Treatment
After citing numerous examples in which Jehovah’s Witnesses have been the target of “government-sponsored religious intolerance” in many nations, a report in The Wall Street Journal continues: “One way to assess the attitudes of governments world-wide on the issue of freedom of religion would be to see what activities the U.N. has undertaken in the area. The answer is that—in contrast with its work in the area of racial discrimination—the U.N. has done little to attempt to curb government-sponsored religious intolerance.” But the UN has not been alone in remaining silent on the matter. “Although one might expect inaction in the politically charged arena of the U.N.,” the article states, “the dearth of comment about religious freedom by intellectuals is more disturbing. One could read countless books and articles about Africa and never read about the Jehovah’s Witnesses; one could read volumes about the Soviet Union and learn little about its treatment of religious believers.”
Sex Law Repealed
A Canadian judge has ruled that a section of the criminal code was unconstitutional because it discriminates against males who wish to engage in sexual relations with females under the age of 14. The Toronto Star states that the district court judge dismissed charges against a 21-year-old London, Ontario, man accused of having sexual relations with a 13-year-old girl. Commenting on the basis for his decision, Judge Killeen said that the law is no longer “reasonable or rational in 1985.”
‘Water Time-Bomb’
The water level under Britain’s major cities is steadily rising to the point of “threatening tunnels, foundations and even deep basements,” says London’s Daily Telegraph. For two hundred years, factories pumped up millions of gallons of water to satisfy the needs of industry. Now the relocation of factories outside large cities and the general industrial decline give rise to the fear of what civil engineering experts call a “time bomb.” Water-level monitoring in London reveals a rise of about three feet (1 m) a year since the early 1970’s. Serious problems are reported from Liverpool and Birmingham, where pumping equipment is already at work to keep railroad tunnels and cable pipelines usable.
“Rights of the Unborn”
A three-year-long legal tangle over what to do with 16,433 aborted fetuses was recently solved. They were discovered in 1982 in the Los Angeles area, preserved in a steel bin. Antiabortionists wanted to give them a religious burial, but this was opposed by feminist and civil liberties groups. The United States Supreme Court ruled that a burial of the fetuses by any one religion would violate the separation of Church and State. The compromise solution was to give the fetuses a nonreligious burial. They were placed in six coffinlike boxes and buried in three unmarked graves. President Reagan sent this message to those gathered for the burial: “From these innocent dead, let us take increased devotion to the cause of restoring the rights of the unborn.”
Painful Shift
A notable population shift has taken place in the Soviet Union. While two thirds of the population was rural 30 years ago, that same proportion now lives in cities. “In a country where a rural, traditional way of life, with its firm sets of values, had endured much longer than in most Western nations,” reports The New York Times, “the shift from the extended patriarchal family to the nuclear urban family is yielding painful results.” There has been a “shift in social values and ways of life.” New freedom in life, away from the village and family, is said to be contributing to the disintegration of families, to alcoholism, and to crime. “Today’s young family is full of conflict, unstable and with few children,” says Viktor I. Perevedentsev, senior researcher with the Soviet Academy of Sciences.
Ouija Board Dangers
The Toronto Star reports that a 12-year-old girl spent a very frightening year after having been told incorrectly by a Ouija board that she would die by the time she reached the age of 13. In his new book Ouija: The Most Dangerous Game, Stoker Hunt points out that apart from giving blatantly incorrect messages, the board has been known to induce psychosis in some users, while others lose all sense of reality due to their obsession with the game. The Toronto Star notes that use of the board could expose one to demonic influences, and that it isn’t something to be toyed with.
Subdued Light for Baby
The New England Journal of Medicine reports that doctors recommend subdued lighting in rooms for newborn babies. Studies on infants kept in brightly lighted nursery rooms revealed evidence of damage to the blood vessels of the eyes, leading to vision defects. Though not discrediting the value of well-lighted intensive-care nurseries, the medical team expressed concern for children that have to spend weeks or months under such conditions. They suggest that bright light heightens the eyes’ sensitivity to oxygen, resulting in the damage to immature blood vessels.
Freeze-Dried Pets?
Recent advances in freeze-drying techniques have been introduced to the world of commercial taxidermy. This new process appeals to pet owners who, grieved over the loss of their pets, see it as an opportunity to preserve the dead animal. Describing the process, the Los Angeles Times reports that the animal is shampooed, disemboweled, dipped in insect repellent, and injected with preservatives. It is given artificial eyes and is posed by means of internal wires. After several days in a commercial freezer, it is transferred to a freeze-drying chamber to be completely dehydrated. This process may take from a few weeks to six months. The cost can vary from $400 to $1,000, depending upon the size of the dog or the cat.
Teaching to Read
A new method of teaching children to read, one skill at a time, has produced mixed results in the area of reading. For example, the pupil is taught consonants, tested, retaught and retested until he is proficient, before going on to vowels and plurals. According to The New York Times, results have been poor when no actual reading is done during the process. One U.S. university professor who advocated the new method admitted: “The children got good in learning these [skills], but they weren’t reading.” In one district where this method was used exclusively, only a third of high school graduates could read at a 12th-grade level. So school districts are now combining the new method with a normal reading program.
Price of Inflation
Bolivia is reported to be the poorest nation in South America. Inflation within the country has left the peso practically worthless. Prices are skyrocketing at an annual rate of 10,000 percent! One visitor claims the cost of a hamburger is one million pesos, while a night spent at a good hotel may cost 35 million pesos. Parade Magazine reports that Bolivia imported $23 million worth of peso bills in 1984, making them the country’s third-largest import, outranked only by mining equipment and food. It is not uncommon for Bolivians to carry pesos in sacks or serapes slung on their backs when they go shopping. Inflation has forced the government to begin distributing currency in denominations of five million pesos.
Who Robs Banks?
A police investigator in Munich, Germany, conducted an inquiry into the motive and background of bank robbers. He came to the conclusion that robbing banks is in no way a crime committed only by persons with a previous criminal history. Rather, it has become practically “anybody’s crime.” “The investigation revealed that today’s bank robbers come from all social, occupational, and intelligence levels,” reports the Bremer Nachrichten. “You find the factory owner as well as the military officer, the stockbroker and the craftsman; but also the bank employee himself, yes, even the police officer.” The most common motives are indebtedness, a passion for gambling, and the desire for “a carefree life-style.”
New Light on Youth Suicide
During the past 20 years, youth suicides have more than tripled in the United States. A three-year study at the University of Louisville (Kentucky) has found that the generally accepted idea that those who speak of suicide do not commit it is not true. In studying 24 suicides of youths aged 12 to 19, it was noted that 17 had spoken beforehand of their desire to die, 11 had threatened to commit suicide, and 8 had tried to do so. “Because of this data, we are much more sensitive if a teacher or parent calls and says a kid wishes he were dead,” said Dr. Mohammad Shafii, who headed the research team. Explaining the rise in suicides, he cites “the increase in one-parent homes, the declining influence of the church as a support system,” and “more than anything else . . . a lack of human contact,” reports The Courier-Journal of Louisville.
Breakthrough for Astronomy
If you slowly rotate a liquid in a bowl, you will see a hollow forming on the top. Now researchers at the University of Arizona are using that principle to melt glass and form it into the parabolic mirrors used in astronomy. By means of a spinning oven that rotates from 8 to 15 times per minute, they have already produced a 2.61-foot (0.8-m) glass blank. “When cooled, the blank requires only a fraction of the grinding and polishing that is normally necessary,” reports Sky & Telescope magazine. Economy is another important factor. Only a small amount of raw material is lost during the operation. The spinning oven is “a major step toward building truly giant telescopes on Earth or in space,” says the report. |
Many Religions—What Are Their Fruits? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101984003 | Many Religions—What Are Their Fruits?
‘THERE is some good in all religions.’ That is a widely accepted belief among many people today. They feel that a little religion will make a better person out of anybody.
Is that how you feel about it? Do you think that religion, as a whole, has been an influence for good on mankind in general? Do you feel that the different religions have produced positive, wholesome fruits in the lives of their followers?
Such questions, of course, should not be answered on the basis of personal feelings alone nor, in fact, should they be answered just by the claims made by religious organizations. Rather, we must examine the facts, doing so as objectively as possible.
Examine the Facts
In these days of rapid communication and mass media, it is not difficult to get to the facts. But what should you look for? Well, what kind of fruits would you say religion should produce? In this respect, most people would agree that religion should make people more loving, honest, moral, peaceable, spiritual, and so forth. This is certainly true. In fact, almost all religions have as their basic tenet something similar to the Bible’s teaching of “love thy neighbour as thyself.”—Matthew 22:39, Authorized Version.
While nearly all religions teach such a concept in theory, what about in practice? Do we see a higher standard of morality among their members? Are they more loving, more peaceful, more honest? Yes, what kind of fruits are the many religions producing?
Religion and Morals
Threatened by the tide of divorce, venereal disease, unwanted pregnancies, pornography, homosexuality and sexual permissiveness, many people are looking to religion for help. They may reason that if governments and schools are not providing the moral guidance they need, then religion must. The push to bring back prayer and ‘scientific creationism’ in public schools in the United States is an indication of this. But what kind of guidance is being offered by religion today? Consider some examples.
● The United Church of Canada (that nation’s largest Protestant denomination) sent out a report eninputd In God’s Image . . . Male and Female to all its member congregations as suggested guidelines on marriage and sex. According to the newsmagazine Maclean’s, the report “recommends considering the acceptance of homosexuals for ordination; says sex outside marriage may be acceptable under certain circumstances and when the relationship is ‘joyous, caring, liberating, mutually supportive and socially responsible’; and suggests that marital fidelity need not necessarily include sexual exclusivity.” Final decision on this resolution has been postponed until later this year.
● In an article eninputd “‘Born-Again’ Christians Are Discovering the Sexual Revolution,” Russell Chandler, Los Angeles Times writer on religion, reports: “Study panels of several major Protestant denominations and the Roman Catholic Church have concluded that . . . under certain circumstances . . . sexual intercourse between unmarried persons may not be sinful, homosexual practice may be an acceptable alternate life style for Christians and masturbation or self-stimulation may be normal and appropriate.”
● While reporting on “Homosexuals in the Churches,” particularly those in the Roman Catholic archdiocese of San Francisco, Newsweek magazine points out that “over the last decade homosexual caucuses . . . have sprung up in mainline Protestant denominations and inspired similar organizations among Mennonites, Pentecostals, Mormons, Christian Scientists, Seventh-day Adventists and Jews. In many cities gays have organized their own churches, synagogues and even Zen Buddhist centers.”
● The National Clergy Council on Alcoholism estimated in 1977 that at least 10 percent of American priests and nuns are alcoholics, according to an Associated Press report from Los Angeles. But a separate report published in the Baltimore Sun says: “While alcoholism among the clergy has been cited as a problem of world dimensions by superiors of Catholic religious orders, it is no longer the most pressing problem. . . . What was true in the Fifties and Sixties about alcoholism is now true about homosexuality. Certainly the whole problem of homosexuality looms now.”
With this kind of guidance and example, it is not surprising that the moral climate among church members is no better, if not actually worse, than that among the population as a whole. Here are just a few examples:
● The London Times reports: “Official statistics indicate that about a quarter of the prison population of England is designated Roman Catholic, although only one in 10 of the population is.” A conference was arranged to discuss “why Roman Catholics comprise such a large proportion of drug addicts, alcoholics, prostitutes, and criminals in prison,” says the report.
● In the United States, a recent Gallup poll shows that 70 percent of the adult population claim church membership and 40 percent actually attend religious services in a given week. Yet, according to the 1983 Britannica Book of the Year, there was one divorce for every two marriages in 1981, and “reflecting both increased divorces and births to unmarried mothers, . . . one of every five children lived in a one-parent family.”
● The magazine To the Point says: “Nearly one-third of the married Roman Catholic men in the archdiocese of Lusaka (Zambia) have live-in concubines, according to a report by Archbishop Emanuel Milingo.” Out of 10,903 Catholic households in that archdiocese, 3,225 have concubines, says the report.
It is just as Jesus said long ago: “A good tree cannot bear worthless fruit, neither can a rotten tree produce fine fruit.” (Matthew 7:18) The bumper crop of moral decay around the world is a reflection of the spiritual condition of the religious ‘trees’ of the world—diseased and dying.
Religion and War
Realizing that “the world is on the brink of great peril, perhaps the suicide of the race in a nuclear war,” Zakir Husain, former president of India, appealed to a panel made up of leaders of all the major religions of the world “to play a fuller and more conscious part in the future than they have in the past” in working for world peace. To achieve this end, Husain urged, “they will have to look beyond dogmas, rituals, and practices which obstruct the flow of life from different religious circles towards a new sense of harmony and collaboration.”
That was in 1968, at the International Inter-Religious Symposium on Peace held in New Delhi, India. In attendance, and apparently in agreement with what was proposed, were leaders representing Buddhism, Catholicism, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism, Judaism, Protestantism, Sikhism and Zoroastrianism. What has happened since that time? True, there have been renewed efforts at further conferences, symposiums and discussions. And due to the mounting threat of nuclear annihilation there have been statements, proclamations, indictments and letters issued against governments and other agencies. But have the religions of the world worked toward doing away with the “dogmas, rituals, and practices which obstruct . . . harmony and collaboration”? Have they produced the fruits of love and peace in deeds and not in words alone?
Quite to the contrary, in the years since, the world has seen more wars and conflicts, in which religion, though not the only cause, played a significant role. Some are wars and conflicts between followers of different religions; some are between members of different sects of the same religion.
Among more recent examples can be listed the violent outbreaks in the Indian state of Assam, in which Hindus battled Muslims; the ongoing war between Iran and Iraq, in which Shiite Muslims fight Sunni Muslims; the by now notorious conflict in Northern Ireland, in which Protestants slaughter Catholics and Catholics slaughter Protestants; the war and massacre in Lebanon, in which Christians, Jews and Muslims are entangled; and even the Falklands war, in which “army chaplains urged Argentine conscripts to fight to the death because it is God’s will,” according to the San Francisco Examiner.
This list by no means exhausts the current state of affairs, nor does it include the countless instances in the past of conflicts between nations and peoples fanned by religious fervor.
Such wars may be touched off by political or territorial disputes. Sooner or later, however, religion is found deeply involved in them. Time and again members of the clergy on both sides are found appealing to the same God for blessings over their troops, calling their efforts ‘just’ or ‘holy’ wars, and promising instant heavenly reward to those who may be killed in such battles.
Does this not make you wonder if there is something inherent in the religions of the world that contributes to the violent nature of their followers? In a Time magazine essay eninputd “Religious Wars—A Bloody Zeal,” senior writer Lance Morrow stated: “Men who have fought in the name of religion and journalists who have observed them detect an eerie difference from more conventional warfare—a note of retribution and atonement, a zealotry that exists outside time and immediate circumstances, an implacability that is directed from within. . . . The paradox of religion-at-war remains shocking.”
This “paradox,” or contradiction, is perhaps the strongest indictment against religion. Speaking about Christendom’s role in wars past and present, Reo Christenson, a political science professor, wrote in a recent issue of The Christian Century: “Perhaps nothing has done more to discredit Christianity than its practice of taking a stand virtually indistinguishable from that of non-Christians on the practice of war. That Christians on the one hand espouse the faith of the gentle Savior while on the other they warmly support religious or nationalistic wars has gone far toward damaging the faith and promoting the kind of cynicism about religion that has been pervasive among thinking people for centuries.”
What Do You Think?
We have examined the fruits produced by the world’s religions in just two areas—morals and war—and what we have seen is nothing less than shocking and disgusting. They have fallen far short of what should be expected. The same ugly kind of fruitage can be seen in many other areas—racial prejudice, involvement in politics, dishonest commercial dealings, enslaving superstition, and so forth. Yes, religion has indeed filled the earth with rotten fruitage, all to the hurt of mankind.
Perhaps these very things have turned you away from religion. If so, you are not alone. Many people today have given up on religion on account of its bad fruitage. But is that the wise course? Is that the course that will bring the greatest satisfaction and happiness? Or is there something better? We invite you to consider the next article.
[Picture on page 9]
Two examples of the bad fruitage produced by world religion: acceptance of homosexuality and involvement in war |
The Loneliness Epidemic—How Can You Cope? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/501100091 | Justin Paget/Stone via Getty Images
The Loneliness Epidemic—How Can You Cope?
“Approximately half of U.S. adults report experiencing loneliness, with some of the highest rates among young adults.”—Our Epidemic of Loneliness and Isolation: The U.S. Surgeon General’s Advisory on the Healing Effects of Social Connection and Community, 2023.
“[The World Health Organization] has announced a new Commission on Social Connection, to address loneliness as a pressing health threat, promote social connection as a priority and accelerate the scaling up of solutions in countries of all incomes.”—World Health Organization, November 15, 2023.
The Bible offers practical advice to help us develop healthy human relationships.
Bible principles that can help
Reduce activities that isolate you from others. Such activities include excessive social media use. Instead, look for occasions to engage with people in person and make true friends.
Bible principle: “A true friend shows love at all times and is a brother who is born for times of distress.”—Proverbs 17:17.
Look for opportunities to help others. Doing kind deeds for others not only strengthens relationships but also makes us feel better emotionally.
Bible principle: “There is more happiness in giving than there is in receiving.”—Acts 20:35.
Explore our website for more helpful information from the Bible about how to build good friendships. |
Hellfire (T-74)
2001 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/tracts/hellfire-t-74 | Hellfire—Is It Part of Divine Justice?
Have you ever seen someone tortured? We hope not. Deliberate torture is sickening and abhorrent. What, though, of torture inflicted by God? Can you imagine such a thing? Yet, this is exactly what is implied by the teaching of hellfire, an official doctrine in many religions.
Imagine, for a moment, the following horrific scene: A person is being roasted on a hot iron plate. In his agony he screams for mercy, but nobody listens. The torture goes on and on, hour after hour, day after day—without pause!
Whatever crime the victim may have committed, would not your heart go out to him? What of the one who ordered the torture? Could he be a loving person? In no way! Love is merciful and shows pity. A loving father may punish his children, but he would never torture them!
Nevertheless, many religions teach that God tortures sinners in an eternal hellfire. This, it is claimed, is divine justice. If that is true, who created that terrible place of eternal torment? And who is responsible for the excruciating agonies inflicted there? The answers would seem obvious. If such a place really exists, then God would have to be the creator of it, and he would be responsible for what happens there.
Can you accept that? The Biblea says: “God is love.” (1 John 4:8) Would a God of love inflict torture that even humans with any measure of decency find revolting? Surely not!
An Unreasonable Teaching
Still, many believe that the wicked will go to a fiery hell and be tormented forever. Is this teaching logical? The human life span is limited to 70 or 80 years. Even if someone perpetrated extreme wickedness for his whole lifetime, would everlasting torment be a just punishment? No. It would be grossly unjust to torment a man forever for the limited number of sins that he can commit in a lifetime.
Who knows the truth about what happens after we die? Only God can reveal this information, and he has done so in his written Word, the Bible, referred to above. Here is what the Bible says: “As the [beast] dies, so the [man] dies; and they all have but one spirit . . . All are going to one place. They have all come to be from the dust, and they are all returning to the dust.” (Ecclesiastes 3:19, 20) There is no mention here of a fiery hell. Humans return to dust—to nonexistence—when they die.
In order to be tormented, an individual has to be conscious. Are the dead conscious? No. “The living are conscious that they will die; but as for the dead, they are conscious of nothing at all, neither do they anymore have wages, because the remembrance of them has been forgotten.” (Ecclesiastes 9:5) It is impossible for the dead, “conscious of nothing at all,” to experience the agonies of hellfire.
A Harmful Doctrine
Some maintain that the teaching of hellfire is useful, true or not. Why? They say it serves as a deterrent to wrongdoing. Is that true? Well, is the crime rate in regions where people believe in hellfire lower than in other places? Hardly! In fact, the doctrine of hellfire is very harmful. Will a person who believes that God torments people view torture as something abhorrent? Why should he? Those believing in a cruel god often become cruel like their god.
In whatever way a reasonable person may look at the matter, he cannot accept the existence of a hell of torment. Logic rebels against it. Human nature is repelled by it. More important, God’s Word does not say that such a place exists. When a person dies, “he goes back to his ground; in that day his thoughts do perish.”—Psalm 146:4.
What Punishment for Sin?
Does that mean that we are not punished for our sins? No, that is not the case. Our holy God punishes sinners, but he does not torture them. And when sinners repent, he forgives them. What is the punishment for sin? The Bible gives a forthright answer: “The wages sin pays is death.” (Romans 6:23) Life is a gift from God. When we sin we no longer deserve that gift, and we die.
You may ask: ‘How is that just? Why, everyone dies!’ That is true because we are all sinners. In effect, no one deserves life. “Through one man sin entered into the world and death through sin, and thus death spread to all men because they had all sinned.”—Romans 5:12.
At this point you may be thinking: ‘If we all sin and so we all die, why should we try to be virtuous? It seems that the wicked man is treated exactly the same as the man who tries to serve God.’ But that is not the case. Although we are all sinners, God forgives those who sincerely repent and try to change their ways. He rewards our efforts to ‘make our minds over’ and to do good. (Romans 12:2) These truths are the basis of a marvelous hope.
A Reward for the Good
We cease to exist when we die. But that does not mean that everything is finished. The faithful man Job knew that he would go to the grave (Sheol) when he died. But listen to his prayer to God: “O that in Sheol you would conceal me, that you would keep me secret until your anger turns back, that you would set a time limit for me and remember me! If an able-bodied man dies can he live again? . . . You will call, and I myself shall answer you.”—Job 14:13-15.
Job believed that if he was faithful until death, he would be remembered by God and resurrected. This was the belief of all of God’s servants in ancient times. Jesus himself confirmed this hope when he said: “The hour is coming in which all those in the memorial tombs will hear his voice and come out, those who did good things to a resurrection of life, those who practiced vile things to a resurrection of judgment.”—John 5:28, 29.
When will the resurrection begin? According to the Bible, very soon. Bible prophecy indicates that in 1914 this world entered into its “last days.” (2 Timothy 3:1) In what many call ‘the end of the world,’ God will very shortly remove wickedness and establish a new world under heavenly rulership.—Matthew, chapter 24; Mark, chapter 13; Luke, chapter 21; Revelation 16:14.
The result will be a paradise covering the whole earth and inhabited by those who have sincerely tried to serve God. Wicked people will not burn in hellfire, but they will have no place in the coming Paradise. At Psalm 37:10, 11, we read: “The wicked one will be no more; and you will certainly give attention to his place, and he will not be. But the meek ones themselves will possess the earth, and they will indeed find their exquisite delight in the abundance of peace.”
Is all of this just a dream? No, it is God’s promise. In the Bible we read: “I heard a loud voice from the throne say: ‘Look! The tent of God is with mankind, and he will reside with them, and they will be his peoples. And God himself will be with them. And he will wipe out every tear from their eyes, and death will be no more, neither will mourning nor outcry nor pain be anymore. The former things have passed away.’”—Revelation 21:3, 4.
Do you believe these words? You should. God’s word always comes true. (Isaiah 55:11) We urge you to learn more about God’s purposes for mankind. Jehovah’s Witnesses will be delighted to help you. If you would like their help, we invite you to write to one of the addresses below.
Unless otherwise indicated, all Bible quotations are from the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures.
[Footnotes]
a In the world of Islam, the Bible consists of the books known as the Torah, the Psalms, and the Gospel. At least 64 verses of the Koran say that these books are the Word of God and emphasize the need to read them and to carry out their commands. Some people assert that the Torah, the Psalms, and the Gospel have been distorted. Those claiming this are saying that God is unable to preserve his own Word. |
Scriptures for Christian Living (scl)
2023 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/scl | Anxiety
Do you feel anxious because of the threat of poverty, hunger, or homelessness?
Pr 10:15; 19:7; 30:8
Relevant Bible account(s):
La 3:19—The prophet Jeremiah, like many of his countrymen, is homeless after the destruction of Jerusalem
2Co 8:1, 2; 11:27—Deep poverty afflicts Christians in Macedonia, and the apostle Paul often lacks food, clothing, and shelter
Comforting scriptures:
Ps 37:25; 145:15; Pr 10:3; Mt 6:25-34
See also De 24:19
Do you feel anxious because you fear being friendless, alone, or unloved?
Job 19:19; Ec 4:10, 12
Relevant Bible account(s):
1Ki 18:22; 19:9, 10—The prophet Elijah feels that he is entirely alone as a faithful servant of Jehovah
Jer 15:16-21—The prophet Jeremiah feels alone among merrymakers who ignore his message
Comforting scriptures:
Ps 25:15, 16; 1Pe 5:7
Comforting Bible account(s):
1Ki 19:1-19—Jehovah gives the prophet Elijah practical aid, listens patiently to his concerns, and encourages him with vivid reminders of His power
Joh 16:32, 33—Jesus knows that he will be abandoned, but he also knows that he is not truly alone |
School Guidebook (sg)
1992 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/sg | Study 24
Directing Attention to the Bible
1, 2. Why should we direct our hearers to the Bible?
1 Our desire in the ministry is to direct the attention of everyone to God’s Word, the Bible. It contains the message that we preach, and we want the people to realize that what we say is not of our own originality but from God. People who love God have confidence in the Bible. When it is read to them, they listen and take its counsel to heart. But when they get out their own copy of the Bible and read it for themselves, the impression is considerably deepened. So, in the field ministry, when circumstances make it possible, it is wise to encourage the householder to get out his own copy of the Bible and look up the scriptures with you. Likewise, at congregation meetings, if all are encouraged to use their Bible, newer ones will more readily recognize that it is the source of our beliefs, and all will benefit from the added emphasis of visual impression.
2 Therefore, you will have a decided advantage in fulfilling your purpose in speaking if those in your audience, wherever it is practical, follow your reading of Scripture texts in their own Bibles. Whether they do or not will depend to a great extent on whether you give them the proper encouragement. This is what is referred to on your Speech Counsel slip as “Audience encouraged to use the Bible.”
3, 4. How can we do this effectively?
3 By suggestion. One of the best ways is to extend a direct invitation to the audience to use the Bible; this method is frequently used. At times the same results can be had simply by saying where the texts are located before you read them; perhaps like this: “Now as we read 2 Timothy 3:1-5, think about the conditions in this very neighborhood.” Then, as you turn to the text yourself, glance around to see if the audience is taking advantage of the suggestion. Usually they will begin to look up the text too.
4 It is up to the speaker to decide which, if any, texts he wants to emphasize by having the audience look them up. Watch your audience. Be interested to see if they are following you. Even if for some reason you are required to give a manuscript talk, you can often handle key texts in such a way that the audience will follow you in their Bibles.
5, 6. Explain why it is beneficial to allow time for the audience to find scriptures we plan to read.
5 By allowing time to find the text. Merely citing a scripture is not sufficient. If you read it and then pass on to another before the audience has time to find it, they will eventually become discouraged and desist. Observe your audience, and when the majority have located the text, then it can be read.
6 It is usually advisable to make your citation of the text sufficiently in advance of your planned reading so that valuable time is not lost through frequent long pauses or unnecessary “fill in” while the audience is finding the text. Yet appropriate pausing here is proper. On the other hand, if the citation is made early in your introduction to the text, you must have in mind that some of the things you say will not be as closely followed. So in such a case those things that are pertinent to the advance argument would have to be stated before the citation was given.
**********
7-18. What methods can be used to introduce Scripture texts effectively?
7 The scriptures that are used in a talk are ordinarily the focal points of the talk. Arguments center around these texts. How much they will contribute to the talk, then, depends upon how effectively they are used. So the matter of “Scriptures properly introduced,” which is noted on your Speech Counsel slip, is an important one for consideration.
8 There is a great variety of ways in which a Scripture text can be introduced, read and applied. Sometimes, for instance, the introduction of the text not only leads into the reading but also makes the application, so that the reading itself only emphasizes or clinches the point. On the other hand, some texts are used with telling effect when no word of introduction is spoken, as, for instance, in the very opening of a talk.
9 To learn how to introduce scriptures effectively, analyze what experienced speakers do. Try to identify different ways that scriptures are introduced. Consider their effectiveness. In preparing your own talks give advance consideration to what the text is to accomplish, especially if it is a key text to a main point. Plan its introduction carefully so that it will be used with the most telling effect. Here are a few suggestions:
10 A question. Questions demand answers. They stimulate thinking. Allow the text and its application to supply the answer. For instance, in discussing blood transfusion, you may be introducing Acts 15:28, 29, after having established the prohibition according to the Hebrew Scriptures. You could introduce the text by asking, “But is this same prohibition binding upon Christians? Note this authoritative ruling of the governing body of the early congregation as they were moved by the holy spirit.”
11 A statement or principle, to be supported by the text introduced. For example, in a talk on delinquency you might say: “Even our choice of companions is an important factor in what our attitude might be toward right and wrong.” Then you could read Paul’s words at 1 Corinthians 15:33 as support for your statement.
12 Citing the Bible as authority. Especially for secondary texts you might simply say: “Note what God’s Word states on this point.” This is cause enough to look with expectation to the text and it provides a clear reason for using it.
13 A problem. In a talk on “hell” you might say: “If man is to suffer in eternal flames of fire, that would mean that he must be conscious after death. But notice what Ecclesiastes 9:5, 10 says.”
14 Multiple choice. If a direct question or problem might be too difficult for a particular audience, present several possibilities and allow the text and its application to provide the answer. In talking to a Catholic you might want to use Matthew 6:9 to show to whom prayer should properly be directed. A direct question or problem might turn your householder’s mind in the wrong direction, so you might say: “There are many views on the matter of to whom we should pray. Some say Mary, others say to one of the ‘saints,’ but some say we should pray only to God. Here is what Jesus said.”
15 Historical background. If you were to use Hebrews 9:12 in a talk on the ransom to show that Jesus, by offering his own blood, “obtained an everlasting deliverance for us,” you might find it necessary to preface your reading of the text with a brief explanation of the “holy place” in the tabernacle, which, Paul indicates, pictured the place Jesus entered.
16 Context. Sometimes the setting of a text as explained in the surrounding verses is helpful in introducing a scripture. For instance, in your use of the scripture at Luke 20:25 to show what it means to “pay back Caesar’s things to Caesar,” you may find an advantage in explaining Jesus’ use of a coin with Caesar’s inscription, as the account is related in the context.
17 Combination. Of course, combinations of these methods are also possible and often profitable.
18 The introduction to a scripture should arouse sufficient anticipation to command attention when the text is read and it should focus attention on your reason for using the text.
19, 20. How can we determine if we have aroused anticipation for the text cited?
19 Anticipation for scriptures aroused. How can you know when you have aroused anticipation for a text? By audience reaction primarily, but also by the way in which you introduce the text. If the audience would be left up in the air because you failed to read the text after introducing it, or if you left a question unanswered in your introduction, then you can be sure you have aroused interest in the text. Of course, the introduction must be in keeping with the subject and with the text to be introduced. And either the text itself or the application that follows must answer the question that the introduction has left open.
20 The introduction to the text might be likened to the bugle sound that precedes a proclamation. The herald does not present himself to play an entire concert. Rather, the rousing notes of his bugle center all interest and attention on the proclamation. Introduced in this way, your selected text will be heard with keen enjoyment and benefit.
21. Why should we focus attention on our reason for using a text?
21 Attention focused on reason for using text. While an introduction to a text may leave a question unanswered, still it should at least provide some reason to show why the text is appropriate and worthy of full attention. For example, in a discussion of the earth as man’s permanent home you might be preparing to use Revelation 21:3, 4. Along with your preliminary argument you might say: “Now in this next scripture, Revelation 21:3, 4, look for the place where the tent of God will be when suffering and death are no more.” Not only have you aroused anticipation by leaving something for the text to reveal, but you have also focused attention on the significant part of your text, which you can easily apply to your argument after reading the text. By thus directing attention to the actual output of the scripture, you emphasize the importance of God’s Word. |
What Does the Bible Say About Cremation? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502018130 | What Does the Bible Say About Cremation?
The Bible’s answer
The Bible contains no specific direction on the practice of cremation. There is no Bible command regarding either burial or cremation of the dead.
The Bible does report instances of faithful servants of God burying their dead. For example, Abraham went to great lengths to secure a burial place for his wife, Sarah.—Genesis 23:2-20; 49:29-32.
The Bible also mentions faithful individuals burning the remains of the dead. For example, when King Saul of Israel and three of his sons were killed in battle, their corpses initially remained in enemy territory and were treated dishonorably. Hearing of the situation, faithful Israelite warriors retrieved the bodies of Saul and his sons, burned them, and buried the remains. (1 Samuel 31:8-13) The Bible indicates that this was an acceptable way to treat the remains of those men.—2 Samuel 2:4-6.
Common misconceptions about cremation
Misconception: Cremation dishonors the body.
Fact: The Bible says that those who die return to the dust, which is what naturally happens to a corpse when it decomposes. (Genesis 3:19) Cremation speeds up the process by reducing the body to ashes, or dust.
Misconception: In Bible times, only people in God’s disfavor were burned after death.
Fact: The dead bodies of some unfaithful people, such as Achan and his family, were burned. (Joshua 7:25) However, this was an exception rather than the rule. (Deuteronomy 21:22, 23) As noted earlier, the bodies of even some faithful people, such as King Saul’s son Jonathan, were burned after death.
Misconception: Cremation prevents God from resurrecting a person.
Fact: Regarding resurrection of the dead, it does not matter to God whether a person’s body was buried, cremated, lost at sea, or eaten by wild animals. (Revelation 20:13) The Almighty can easily re-create a new body for the person.—1 Corinthians 15:35, 38.
Cremation or Burial?—How to Decide
When deciding how to dispose of a dead body, consider the following factors.
The wishes of the deceased. The Bible records instances in which family members respected the instructions a person gave regarding treatment of his body after his death.—Genesis 50:4, 5; Exodus 13:19.
Local customs. These often have a bearing on how dead bodies are treated. (John 19:40) For instance, in Bible times, people customarily buried the dead. (Genesis 49:31; 1 Samuel 28:3) Likewise today, a person may choose to deal with the remains of the deceased according to local customs as long as such customs do not conflict with Bible principles.
Legal requirements. The Bible encourages obedience to secular authorities. (Romans 13:1) In some areas, the authorities enact laws about the treatment of dead bodies. For instance, in the case of cremation, some authorities place restrictions on where the ashes may be disposed of.
The feelings of others. The Scriptures encourage us to look out for the interests of others. (Philippians 2:4) When deciding how to deal with a dead person’s remains, we might consider these questions: How do other family members feel about cremation or burial of the deceased? How does the local community view such customs? |
Never Give Up Hope! | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/501000014 | Never Give Up Hope!
Doris wondered why God allowed suffering. She got the answer from an unexpected source. |
Real Faith (rk)
2010 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/rk | Real Faith—Your Key to a Happy Life |
THE BIBLE CHANGES LIVES
I Did Not Want to Die! | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2017009 | THE BIBLE CHANGES LIVES
I Did Not Want to Die!
As told by Yvonne Quarrie
YEAR BORN: 1964
COUNTRY OF ORIGIN: ENGLAND
HISTORY: WAYWARD TEENAGE MOTHER
MY PAST
I was born in Paddington, a densely populated area of London, England. I lived with my mother and three older sisters. My father came in and out of our lives as a result of his problems with alcohol.
When I was a child, my mother taught me to pray every night. I had a small Bible containing just the Psalms, and I made up tunes so that I could sing them. I remember reading a phrase in one of my secular books that stuck in my mind: “Someday there will be no tomorrow.” Those words made me lie awake at night thinking about the future. ‘Surely there must be more to life,’ I thought. ‘Why am I here?’ I did not want to die!
I became very curious about the occult. I tried to talk to the dead, visited graveyards with school friends, and watched horror movies with them. We thought it was both exciting and frightening at the same time.
I started to go wayward when I was only ten years old. I began smoking tobacco, and I quickly became addicted. Later, I progressed to smoking marijuana. By the age of 11, I was experimenting with alcohol. Although I did not like the taste of it, I liked the effect of getting drunk. I also loved music and dancing. I went to parties and nightclubs whenever I could. I used to sneak out at night and sneak back in again just before the morning light. Tired the next day, I regularly played hooky from school. When I did attend, I often drank alcohol between lessons.
I received very poor grades in my final year at school. Mostly unaware of the extent of my wayward behavior, my mother was disappointed and angry. We quarreled, and I ran away from home. For a while, I stayed with my boyfriend, Tony, who was Rastafarian. He was involved in petty crime and selling drugs and had a reputation for being extremely violent. I soon became pregnant and, at just 16 years of age, gave birth to our son.
HOW THE BIBLE CHANGED MY LIFE
I first met Jehovah’s Witnesses while I was living at a hostel for unmarried mothers and their babies. I had been given a room there by the local authorities. Two female Witnesses regularly visited some of the other young mothers. One day I joined in a discussion with them. I intended to prove the Witnesses wrong. Yet they answered each one of my many questions calmly and clearly from the Bible. They were so kind and gentle, which I found very appealing. So I agreed to study the Bible with them myself.
I soon learned something from the Bible that changed my life. Ever since I was young, I had feared dying. Yet now I discovered Jesus’ teaching about the resurrection! (John 5:28, 29) Also, I learned that God cared about me personally. (1 Peter 5:7) I was especially touched by the words of Jeremiah 29:11, which says: “‘For I well know the thoughts that I am thinking toward you,’ declares Jehovah, ‘thoughts of peace, and not of calamity, to give you a future and a hope.’” I began to believe that I could have the hope of living forever in Paradise on earth.—Psalm 37:29.
Jehovah’s Witnesses expressed genuine love toward me. When I first attended one of their meetings, the atmosphere was warm and inviting—everyone was so friendly! (John 13:34, 35) That was a big contrast to the treatment I had received at a local church. The Witnesses welcomed me despite my circumstances. They gave me time, care, and attention, as well as much practical help. I felt as though I were part of a big, loving family.
From my Bible study, I realized that I would have to make changes in my life to meet God’s high moral standards. I did not find it easy to stop smoking tobacco. At the same time, I recognized that certain music increased my desire to smoke marijuana, so I changed the music that I listened to. Wanting to stay sober, I stopped going to parties and nightclubs where I would be tempted to get drunk. And I sought out new friends whose positive influence would help me in my new lifestyle.—Proverbs 13:20.
Meanwhile, Tony had also been studying the Bible with Jehovah’s Witnesses. As the Witnesses answered his questions from the Bible, he too became convinced of the truth of what he was learning. He made major changes in his life: he withdrew from his previous violent associates, stopped his petty criminal activities, and gave up smoking marijuana. In order to please Jehovah fully, we also both saw the need to adjust our immoral way of life and provide a stable environment for our son. We were married in 1982.
“I no longer lie awake at night worrying about the future or death”
I remember searching out articles in Watchtower and Awake!a magazines with stories of people who had successfully made the changes I wanted to make. I was so encouraged by their examples! I felt strengthened to keep trying hard and not give up. I kept praying to Jehovah not to give up on me. Tony and I were baptized as Jehovah’s Witnesses in July 1982.
HOW I HAVE BENEFITED
Developing a friendship with Jehovah God saved my life. Tony and I have also experienced Jehovah’s support through difficult times. We have learned to rely on God through difficulties, and we feel that he has always helped and sustained our family.—Psalm 55:22.
I have taken delight in helping our son and daughter get to know Jehovah as I do. Now I feel similar joy as I see their children also growing in knowledge of God.
I no longer lie awake at night worrying about the future or death. Tony and I are fully occupied with traveling to different congregations of Jehovah’s Witnesses each week to encourage them. We join them in teaching others that if they exercise faith in Jesus, they too can enjoy everlasting life.
a Also published by Jehovah’s Witnesses. |
STUDY ARTICLE 4
Jehovah Has Tender Affection for You | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2024246 | STUDY ARTICLE 4
SONG 30 My Father, My God and Friend
Jehovah Has Tender Affection for You
“Jehovah is very tender in affection.”—JAS. 5:11.
FOCUS
How Jehovah’s loving nature will draw us closer to him and make us feel safe, well cared for, and refreshed.
1. What comes to your mind when you think of Jehovah?
Your answer
HAVE you ever tried to imagine what Jehovah is like? When you speak to him in prayer, what comes to your mind? Although Jehovah is invisible, the Bible describes him in various ways. Jehovah is called “a sun and a shield” and “a consuming fire.” (Ps. 84:11; Heb. 12:29) His presence is described as being similar to a sapphire stone, a glowing metal, and a brilliant rainbow. (Ezek. 1:26-28) Some of these descriptions of Jehovah may fill us with awe or may even intimidate us.
2. What might hinder some from drawing close to Jehovah?
Your answer
2 Because we cannot see Jehovah, we may find it difficult to believe that he loves us. Some think that Jehovah could never love them because of their past experiences in life. Perhaps they never had a father who loved them. Jehovah understands such feelings and how they affect us. To help us, he reveals his beautiful personality in his Word.
3. Why should we take a close look at Jehovah’s love?
Your answer
3 The one word that best describes Jehovah is love. (1 John 4:8) Love defines him. It influences everything he does. God’s love is so warm and so powerful that he even extends it to those who do not love him. (Matt. 5:44, 45) In this article, we will take a close look at Jehovah and his love. The more we learn about our God, the more we will love him.
JEHOVAH LOVES US VERY MUCH
4. How does Jehovah’s tender affection make you feel? (See also picture.)
Your answer
4 “Jehovah is very tender in affection.” (Jas. 5:11) In the Bible, he compares himself to an affectionate mother. (Isa. 66:12, 13) Just imagine a mother who lovingly cares for her little child. She tenderly bounces him on her knees and speaks to him in a gentle, soothing voice. When he cries or is in pain, she makes sure he has what he needs. When we are in pain, we can count on Jehovah’s love. The psalmist wrote: “When anxieties overwhelmed me, you comforted and soothed me.”—Ps. 94:19.
“As a mother comforts her son, so I will keep comforting you” (See paragraph 4)
5. What does Jehovah’s loyal love mean to you?
Your answer
5 Jehovah is loyal. (Ps. 103:8) He does not give up on us when we do something wrong. The nation of Israel disappointed Jehovah time and again; yet, he expressed his unfailing love to his repentant people with these words: “You became precious in my eyes, you were honored, and I have loved you.” (Isa. 43:4, 5) God’s love has not changed. We can always rely on it. Even if we have made serious mistakes, Jehovah does not abandon us. When we repent and return to Jehovah, we will find his love for us intact. He promises that “he will forgive in a large way.” (Isa. 55:7) The Bible describes this forgiveness as bringing “seasons of refreshing . . . from Jehovah himself.”—Acts 3:19.
6. What does Zechariah 2:8 teach us about Jehovah?
Your answer
6 Read Zechariah 2:8. Because he loves us, Jehovah is sensitive to our feelings and is eager to protect us. He feels hurt when we are hurt. As a result, we can rightly pray: “Guard me like the pupil of your eye.” (Ps. 17:8) The eye is a sensitive and precious part of the body. So when Jehovah compares us to the pupil of his eye, it is as if he were saying, ‘Anyone who harms you, my people, harms what is precious to me.’
7. Why do we need to strengthen our confidence in Jehovah’s love?
Your answer
7 Jehovah wants us to be convinced that he loves us personally. But he knows that because of past experiences, we may wonder whether he could love us. Or we may be facing situations right now that test our confidence in Jehovah’s love. What will strengthen our confidence? Learning how Jehovah expresses his love toward Jesus, the anointed, and all of us.
HOW JEHOVAH EXPRESSES HIS LOVE
8. Why was Jesus convinced of his Father’s love?
Your answer
8 For untold ages, Jehovah and his beloved Son forged a close bond of deep love and affection. Their relationship is the oldest in the universe. Jehovah clearly expressed his love for Jesus, as we read at Matthew 17:5. Jehovah could have simply said, ‘This is the one whom I have approved.’ However, he wanted us to know how much he loves Jesus, so he called him “my Son, the beloved.” Jehovah was proud of who Jesus was and of what he was about to do. (Eph. 1:7) And Jesus had no doubts about his Father’s feelings for him. Jehovah’s love was so real to Jesus that he could feel it deep inside. He repeatedly expressed with confidence that the Father loved him.—John 3:35; 10:17; 17:24.
9. What expression describes Jehovah’s love for the anointed? Explain. (Romans 5:5)
Your answer
9 Jehovah also confirms his love for the anointed. (Read Romans 5:5.) Notice the expression “poured out.” One reference work describes it as “come upon us like a stream.” What a powerful image to highlight the abundance of Jehovah’s love for the anointed! The anointed know that they are “loved by God.” (Jude 1) The apostle John expressed their feelings when he wrote: “See what sort of love the Father has given us, that we should be called children of God!” (1 John 3:1) Is Jehovah’s love limited to the anointed? No, Jehovah has proved his love for all of us.
10. What is the greatest confirmation of Jehovah’s love for you?
Your answer
10 What is the greatest confirmation of Jehovah’s love? The ransom—the most extraordinary act of love in the universe! (John 3:16; Rom. 5:8) Jehovah gave his precious Son, allowing him to die for all humans so that our sins can be forgiven and we can be His friends. (1 John 4:10) The more we meditate on the price Jehovah and Jesus paid, the more we can understand how much they love every one of us. (Gal. 2:20) The ransom was not paid to satisfy a cold, legal contract. It is a gift of love. Jehovah has proved his love for us by sacrificing what was most precious to him—Jesus. Jehovah allowed his Son to suffer and die in our behalf.
11. What do we learn from Jeremiah 31:3?
Your answer
11 As we have seen, Jehovah does not keep his feelings to himself, but he warmly expresses his love. (Read Jeremiah 31:3.) Jehovah has drawn us to him because he loves us. (Compare Deuteronomy 7:7, 8.) Nothing and no one can separate us from that love. (Rom. 8:38, 39) How does this love make you feel? Read Psalm 23, and see the effect that Jehovah’s love and tender care had on David and the effect it can have on all of us.
HOW DOES JEHOVAH’S LOVE MAKE YOU FEEL?
12. How would you summarize Psalm 23?
Your answer
12 Read Psalm 23:1-6. Psalm 23 is a song that expresses confidence in Jehovah’s love and tender care. David, the writer of this psalm, describes the strong bond that existed between him and his Shepherd, Jehovah. David felt safe letting Jehovah direct him, and he was totally dependent on Him. David knew that Jehovah’s love would pursue him all the days of his life. What made him so confident?
13. Why was David sure of Jehovah’s care?
Your answer
13 “I will lack nothing.” David felt well cared for because Jehovah’s provisions had been constant. David also enjoyed Jehovah’s friendship and favor. That is why he was sure that no matter what the future would bring, Jehovah would continue to care for all his needs. David’s trust in Jehovah’s tender love was more powerful than any of his worries and gave him deep happiness and satisfaction.—Ps. 16:11.
14. How may Jehovah lovingly care for us?
Your answer
14 Jehovah lovingly cares for us, especially when bad things happen in our life. Claire,a who has served at Bethel for over 20 years, felt helpless when her family faced one devastating blow after another. Her father suffered a debilitating stroke, one of her sisters was disfellowshipped, and her family lost their small business and their home. How did Jehovah show his loving care to them? Claire says: “Jehovah saw to it that my family always had whatever they needed for each day. Time and again, what Jehovah provided was beyond anything I could ever imagine! I often think about the moments when I experienced Jehovah’s tender love, and I treasure them. These memories have helped me to keep going during trials.”
15. Why did David feel refreshed? (See also picture.)
Your answer
15 “He refreshes me.” At times, David felt distressed because of all the problems and trials he was facing. (Ps. 18:4-6) Yet, Jehovah’s tender love and care refreshed him. Jehovah led his exhausted friend to “grassy pastures” and “well-watered resting-places.” As a result, David recovered his strength and was able to keep going.—Ps. 18:28-32.
Even while David was a fugitive, Jehovah’s tender love and care refreshed him (See paragraph 15)
16. How has Jehovah’s love refreshed you?
Your answer
16 Similarly today, “it is because of Jehovah’s loyal love that we have not come to our finish” when faced with life’s trials and struggles. (Lam. 3:22; Col. 1:11) Consider the example of Rachel. She was devastated when her husband left both her and Jehovah during the COVID-19 pandemic. What did Jehovah do for her? She says: “Jehovah made sure that I felt loved. He surrounded me with friends who spent time with me, brought me meals, sent thoughtful messages and scriptures, smiled at me, and kept reminding me that Jehovah was caring for me. I constantly thank Jehovah for giving me a big loving family.”
17. Why did David “fear no harm”?
Your answer
17 “I fear no harm, for you are with me.” David’s life was often in danger, and he had many powerful enemies. However, Jehovah’s love made him feel safe and protected. David could feel that Jehovah was with him in every situation, and that reassured him. Thus, he could sing: “[Jehovah] rescued me from all my fears.” (Ps. 34:4) David’s fears were real, but Jehovah’s love was stronger than his fears.
18. How may the assurance of Jehovah’s love strengthen you when you are afraid?
Your answer
18 How does the assurance of Jehovah’s love strengthen us when we face frightening situations? A pioneer named Susi describes how she and her husband felt when their son took his own life: “Sudden tragedy is traumatic and can leave one feeling vulnerable and helpless. But Jehovah’s tender affection has made us feel safe and protected.” Rachel, mentioned earlier, recalls: “One night when my heart ached terribly and I was very worried and scared, I groaned out loud to Jehovah. Right then I felt that he soothed my heart and calmed me down, as a mother does for her baby, and I fell asleep. I will never forget that moment.” An elder named Tasos spent four years in prison for refusing to join the army. How did he experience Jehovah’s love and care? He says: “Jehovah took care of all my needs and more. This strengthened my confidence that I can fully trust in him. Also, through his spirit, Jehovah gave me joy despite being in a depressing environment. This assured me that the closer I work with him, the more I will benefit from his goodness. So I began serving him as a regular pioneer while in prison.”
DRAW CLOSE TO YOUR TENDER GOD
19. (a) How can knowing that God loves us affect what we say in our prayers? (b) Which description of Jehovah’s love touches you personally? (See the box “Words That Help Us Feel Jehovah’s Warm Love.”)
Your answers
19 The experiences that we have discussed all prove that Jehovah, “the God of love,” is with us! (2 Cor. 13:11) He is interested in us personally. We are convinced that we are “surrounded by His loyal love.” (Ps. 32:10) The more we meditate on how he has shown us his love, the more real he becomes and the closer we feel to him. We can approach him freely and tell him how much we need his love. We can share all our worries with him, confident that he understands and that he is eager to help us.—Ps. 145:18, 19.
Words That Help Us Feel Jehovah’s Warm Love
Psalm 32:10: “The one trusting in Jehovah is surrounded by His loyal love.”
Jeremiah 31:3: “I have loved you with an everlasting love. That is why I have drawn you to me with loyal love.”
John 16:27: “The Father himself has affection for you.”
James 5:11: “Jehovah is very tender in affection.”
20. How does Jehovah’s love draw us closer to him?
Your answer
20 Just as we are drawn to a warm fire on a cold day, we are drawn to Jehovah’s warm love. Although Jehovah’s love is powerful, it is also tender. So welcome Jehovah’s warm love in your life. And may we all respond to his love by exclaiming: “I love Jehovah”!—Ps. 116:1.
HOW WOULD YOU ANSWER?
How would you describe Jehovah’s love?
Your answer
Why can you be confident that Jehovah loves you very much?
Your answer
How does Jehovah’s love make you feel?
Your answer
SONG 108 God’s Loyal Love
a Some names have been changed. |
Young People Ask, Volume 2 (yp2)
2008 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/yp2 | CHAPTER 30
Should I Play Electronic Games?
“COMPUTER games are exciting and cool,” says a boy named Brian. “You get to do things in the game that you would never actually do in real life—not without getting into serious trouble, that is.” Deborah says that she too enjoys playing computer games. However, she adds a word of caution: “They can be very time-consuming, almost addictive.”
Without a doubt, electronic games are more than just high-tech entertainment. Sure, they challenge your skill and help keep boredom at bay. But they do more. Electronic games can sharpen your reflexes. Some of them may even enhance your math and reading skills. Besides, the latest electronic game is likely to be the basis for school-yard conversation. If you’ve played the game, you have something to talk about with your peers.
Certainly, if you choose carefully, you should be able to find a game that is both exciting and acceptable. Why, though, do you need to be cautious?
Their Dark Side
Unfortunately, not all electronic games are harmless fun. A lot of today’s entertainment software enthusiastically promotes what the Bible calls “works of the flesh”—unclean practices that God condemns.—Galatians 5:19-21.
Adrian, 18, describes one best-selling game as featuring “gang wars, drug use, explicit sexual output, foul language, intense violence, blood, and gore.” Some games glorify occult practices. And each new release seems to make previous games look tame in comparison. Many of these violent games can be played live on the Internet. That ability takes gaming to a whole new level. “From your home computer,” says 19-year-old James, “you can challenge people who live on the other side of the world.”
Internet role-playing games have become hugely popular. In these, participants create online characters—whether human, animal, or a blend of both—that inhabit a computer-generated world populated by thousands of other players. This online world contains shops, cars, homes, dance clubs, brothels—in many ways, it is a replica of the real world. The players in these games are able to instant message each other as their computer-generated characters, called avatars, interact.
Mafia men, pimps, prostitutes, extortionists, counterfeiters, and assassins are just a few of the sordid characters that inhabit these online worlds. Players can indulge in activities they would never carry out in real life. Just by pressing a few buttons, avatars can engage in sex while the real-world participants talk about sex via instant messaging. Some games enable players’ avatars to have sex with avatars that resemble children. Critics are understandably concerned that people would make a game out of such perverse acts.
Why Your Choice Matters
Those who play these violent or sexually graphic games may say: “No harm done. It’s not real. It’s just a game.” But don’t be fooled by such false reasoning!
The Bible says: “Even by his practices a boy makes himself recognized as to whether his activity is pure and upright.” (Proverbs 20:11) If you play violent, immoral games, could you be described as being pure and upright? Studies repeatedly show that watching violent entertainment increases aggression in those who view it. In fact, some experts say that because of the interactive nature of electronic games, they can have a stronger effect than TV.
Choosing to play violent or immoral electronic games is like choosing to play with radioactive waste—the damaging effects may not be immediately obvious, but they’re inevitable. In what way? Exposure to high doses of radiation can destroy the lining of the stomach and allow bacteria from the intestines to invade the bloodstream, resulting in sickness. Similarly, exposure to high doses of graphic sex and hideous violence can damage your “moral sense” and allow fleshly desires to invade and dominate your thinking and actions.—Ephesians 4:19; Galatians 6:7, 8.
What Game Should I Choose?
If your parents allow you to play electronic games, how can you know which to choose and how much time to devote to them? Ask yourself the following questions:
How will my choice affect the way Jehovah feels about me? “Jehovah himself examines the righteous one as well as the wicked one, and anyone loving violence His soul certainly hates,” states Psalm 11:5. Regarding those who engage in occult practices, God’s Word says: “Everybody doing these things is something detestable to Jehovah.” (Deuteronomy 18:10-12) If you want to be a friend of God, you need to follow the advice recorded at Psalm 97:10: “Hate what is bad.”
How will the game affect my thinking? Ask yourself, ‘Will playing this game make it easier or harder for me to “flee from fornication”?’ (1 Corinthians 6:18) Games that expose you to sexually arousing images or conversations won’t help you to keep your mind on things that are righteous, chaste, and virtuous.—Philippians 4:8.
How much time will I spend playing the game? Even the most innocent of games can consume a lot of time. So keep a log of how much time you spend gaming. Is it crowding out time you need for more important activities? Keeping track of where your time is going will help you get your priorities straight.—Ephesians 5:16.
Of course, the Bible doesn’t require that you spend your whole life studying or doing chores. On the contrary, it reminds all of us that there is “a time to laugh . . . and a time to skip about.” (Ecclesiastes 3:4) It’s worth noting, though, that the expression “to skip about” implies not only play but also physical activity. So why not use some of your free time to play games that involve physical activity instead of limiting yourself to sitting in front of a video screen?
Choose Wisely
Without a doubt, playing electronic games can be fun, especially if you get good at it. And herein lies the very reason for you to choose your games wisely. Ask yourself, ‘What subjects do I do best in at school?’ Aren’t they usually the ones that you enjoy? In fact, it often follows that the more you enjoy a subject, the greater the impression it makes on you. Now ask yourself: ‘What game do I enjoy the most? What moral lessons is this game teaching me?’
Rather than playing a game just because your peers enjoy it, have the strength to make your own informed choice. Most important of all, apply the Bible’s advice: “Keep on making sure of what is acceptable to the Lord.”—Ephesians 5:10.
IN OUR NEXT CHAPTERYou love music, and that’s normal. But are you a slave to it?
KEY SCRIPTURE
“You lovers of Jehovah, hate what is bad.”—Psalm 97:10.
TIP
Write a brief review of each of the games you want to play, outlining the goal of the game and the methods used to achieve that goal. Compare your review with the Bible principles mentioned in this chapter, and then determine if the game is suitable.
DID YOU KNOW . . . ?
The world’s first rehabilitation clinic caring exclusively for addicts of online games was opened in Amsterdam, Netherlands, in 2006.
ACTION PLAN!
If a friend asks me to play a violent or immoral electronic game, I will say ․․․․․
I will limit my time playing electronic games to ․․․․․ a week, and I can keep to this limit if I ․․․․․
What I would like to ask my parent(s) about this subject is ․․․․․
WHAT DO YOU THINK?
● What effect can electronic games have on a person’s thinking and emotions?
● Why is it important to consider Jehovah’s moral standards when choosing a game?
● How would you help a younger sibling who is hooked on playing a game that you know is bad?
[Blurb on page 249]
“Many games desensitize you to things like violence, foul language, and immorality and can cause you to let down your guard in other aspects of life. You have to be very careful what you choose to play.”—Amy
[Picture on page 250]
Playing violent or immoral games is like playing with radioactive waste—the effects may not be immediately obvious, but they’re inevitable |
Proclaimers (jv)
1993 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/jv | Chapter 1
Why Should Jehovah Have Witnesses?
JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES are known worldwide for their persistence in talking to people everywhere about Jehovah God and his Kingdom. They also have the reputation of being a people who hold to their beliefs despite all manner of opposition, even death.
“The principal victims of religious persecution in the United States in the twentieth century were the Jehovah’s Witnesses,” says the book The Court and the Constitution, by Archibald Cox (1987). “Jehovah’s Witnesses . . . have been harassed and persecuted by governments the world over,” states Tony Hodges. “In Nazi Germany they were rounded up and sent to concentration camps. During the Second World War, the [Watch Tower] Society was banned in Australia and Canada. . . . Now [in the 1970’s] the Jehovah’s Witnesses are being hounded in Africa.”—Jehovah’s Witnesses in Africa, 1985 Edition.
Why the persecution? What is the objective of the preaching? Have Jehovah’s Witnesses really been commissioned by God? Why would Jehovah have witnesses anyway—and imperfect human witnesses at that? The answers have to do with issues being tried in a universal court case—by far the most crucial case ever to be argued. We must examine these issues in order to understand why Jehovah has witnesses and why these witnesses are willing to endure even the most intense opposition.
Jehovah’s Sovereignty Challenged
These vital issues involve the rightfulness of the sovereignty, or supreme rulership, of Jehovah God. He is the Universal Sovereign by reason of his Creatorship, his Godship, and his Almightiness. (Gen. 17:1; Ex. 6:3; Rev. 4:11) He thus has rightful domination over everything in heaven and on earth. (1 Chron. 29:12, ftn.) But he always administers his sovereignty in love. (Compare Jeremiah 9:24.) What, then, does he ask in return from his intelligent creatures? That they love him and show appreciation for his sovereignty. (Ps. 84:10) Yet, thousands of years ago a challenge was hurled against Jehovah’s rightful sovereignty. How? By whom? Genesis, the first book of the Bible, sheds light on the matter.
It reports that God created the first human pair, Adam and Eve, and gave them a beautiful garden home. He also laid this command upon them: “From every tree of the garden you may eat to satisfaction. But as for the tree of the knowledge of good and bad you must not eat from it, for in the day you eat from it you will positively die.” (Gen. 2:16, 17) What was “the tree of the knowledge of good and bad,” and what would eating of its fruit signify?
It was a literal tree, but God employed it for a symbolic purpose. Because he called it “the tree of the knowledge of good and bad” and because he commanded that the first human pair not eat from it, the tree fittingly symbolized God’s right to determine for humans what is “good” (pleasing to God) and what is “bad” (displeasing to God). The presence of this tree thus tested man’s respect for God’s sovereignty. Sadly, the first human pair disobeyed God and ate of the forbidden fruit. They failed this simple yet profound test of obedience and appreciation.—Gen. 3:1-6.
This seemingly small act constituted rebellion against Jehovah’s sovereignty. How so? Understanding the way we humans are made is a key to understanding the significance of what Adam and Eve did. When Jehovah created the first human pair, he gave them a remarkable gift—free will. Complementing this gift, Jehovah gave them mental abilities that included the powers of perception, reason, and judgment. (Heb. 5:14) They were not like mindless robots; nor were they like animals, which act mainly on instinct. Their freedom, though, was relative, subject to the rule of God’s laws. (Compare Jeremiah 10:23, 24.) Adam and Eve chose to eat of the forbidden fruit. They thus abused their freedom. What led them to this course?
The Bible explains that a spirit creature of God had taken a willful course of opposition and resistance to God. This one, who later came to be known as Satan, spoke through a serpent in Eden and led Eve and, through her, Adam away from subjection to God’s sovereignty. (Rev. 12:9) By eating of the tree, Adam and Eve placed their judgment above God’s, indicating that they wanted to judge for themselves what is good and what is bad.—Gen. 3:22.
The issue thus raised was, Does Jehovah have the right to rule humankind, and does he exercise his sovereignty in the best interests of his subjects? This issue was clearly implied by the Serpent’s words to Eve: “Is it really so that God said you must not eat from every tree of the garden?” The implication was that God was wrongfully withholding something good from the woman and her husband.—Gen. 3:1.
The rebellion in Eden raised another issue: Can humans under test be faithful to God? This related issue was put in clear focus 24 centuries later in connection with faithful Job. Satan, the ‘voice’ behind the serpent, challenged Jehovah to His face, saying: “Is it for nothing that Job has feared God?” Satan charged: “Have not you yourself put up a hedge about him and about his house and about everything that he has all around? The work of his hands you have blessed, and his livestock itself has spread abroad in the earth.” Satan thus intimated that Job’s uprightness was motivated by self-interest. He further charged: “Skin in behalf of skin, and everything that a man has he will give in behalf of his soul.” Since, as Jehovah had noted, ‘there was no one like Job in the earth,’ Satan was really claiming that he could turn any servant of God away from Him. (Job 1:8-11; 2:4) All of God’s servants were thus indirectly challenged regarding their integrity and loyalty to His sovereignty.
Once raised, the issues had to be settled. The passage of time—about 6,000 years now—and the miserable failure of human governments clearly demonstrate that humans need God’s sovereignty. But do they want it? Are there humans who will manifest heartfelt recognition of Jehovah’s righteous sovereignty? Yes! Jehovah has his witnesses! But before we consider their testimony, let us first examine what is involved in being a witness.
What It Means to Be a Witness
The original-language words translated “witness” provide insight into what it means to be a witness for Jehovah. In the Hebrew Scriptures, the noun rendered “witness” (ʽedh) is derived from a verb (ʽudh) meaning “return” or “repeat, do again.” Regarding the noun (ʽedh), the Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament says: “A witness is one, who by reiteration, emphatically affirms his testimony. The word [ʽedh] is at home in the language of the court.” A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Hebrew Language for Readers of English adds: “The orig[inal] meaning [of the verb ʽudh] prob[ably] was ‘he said repeatedly and forcefully.’”
In the Christian Scriptures, the Greek words rendered “witness” (marʹtys) and “bear witness” (mar·ty·reʹo) also had a legal connotation, although in time they took on a broader meaning. According to the Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, “the concept of witness [is used] both in the sense of witness to ascertainable facts and also in that of witness to truths, i.e., the making known and confessing of convictions.” So a witness relates facts from direct personal knowledge, or he proclaims views or truths of which he is convinced.a
The faithful course of first-century Christians carried the meaning of “witness” a step farther. Many of those early Christians witnessed under persecution and in the face of death. (Acts 22:20; Rev. 2:13) As a result, by about the second century C.E., the Greek word for witness (marʹtys, from which is also derived the word “martyr”) acquired the meaning that applied to persons who were willing to “seal the seriousness of their witness or confession by death.” They were not called witnesses because they died; they died because they were loyal witnesses.
Who, then, were the early witnesses of Jehovah? Who were willing to proclaim “repeatedly and forcefully”—in words and by the way they lived—that Jehovah is the rightful, worthy Sovereign? Who were willing to maintain integrity to God, even to death?
Early Witnesses of Jehovah
The apostle Paul says: “We have so great a cloud [Gr., neʹphos, denoting a cloud mass] of witnesses surrounding us.” (Heb. 12:1) This ‘cloud mass’ of witnesses began forming shortly after rebellion against God’s sovereignty in Eden.
At Hebrews 11:4, Paul identifies Abel as the first witness of Jehovah, saying: “By faith Abel offered God a sacrifice of greater worth than Cain, through which faith he had witness borne to him that he was righteous, God bearing witness respecting his gifts; and through it he, although he died, yet speaks.” In what way did Abel serve as a witness for Jehovah? The answer centers around why Abel’s sacrifice was of “greater worth” than Cain’s.
Put simply, Abel made the right offering with the right motive and backed it up by right works. As his gift, he gave a blood sacrifice representing the life of the firstlings of his flock—whereas Cain offered lifeless produce. (Gen. 4:3, 4) Cain’s sacrifice lacked the motivation of faith that made Abel’s offering acceptable. Cain needed to modify his worship. Instead, he manifested his bad heart attitude by rejecting God’s counsel and warning and by murdering faithful Abel.—Gen. 4:6-8; 1 John 3:11, 12.
Abel displayed the faith that his parents lacked. By his faithful course, he made known his conviction that Jehovah’s sovereignty is righteous and worthy. During the century or so that he lived, Abel demonstrated that a man can be faithful to God to the point of sealing his testimony by death. And Abel’s blood continues to ‘speak,’ for the inspired record of his martyrdom was preserved in the Bible for future generations!
About five centuries after Abel’s death, Enoch began ‘walking with God,’ pursuing a course in harmony with Jehovah’s standards of good and bad. (Gen. 5:24) By then, rejection of God’s sovereignty had led to a proliferation of ungodly practices among humankind. Enoch was convinced that the Supreme Sovereign would act against ungodly persons, and God’s spirit moved him to proclaim their future destruction. (Jude 14, 15) Enoch remained a faithful witness even to death, for Jehovah “took him,” apparently sparing him a violent death at the hands of his enemies. (Heb. 11:5) Enoch’s name could thus be added to the growing list of the ‘great cloud of witnesses’ of pre-Christian times.
A spirit of ungodliness continued to pervade human affairs. During the lifetime of Noah, who was born about 70 years after Enoch’s death, angelic sons of God came to the earth, evidently materializing in human form, and cohabited with attractive women. The offspring they produced were known as Nephilim; they were giants among men. (Gen. 6:1-4) What was the result of this unnatural union of spirit creatures with humans and of the hybrid race thus produced? The inspired record answers: “Consequently Jehovah saw that the badness of man was abundant in the earth and every inclination of the thoughts of his heart was only bad all the time. So God saw the earth and, look! it was ruined, because all flesh had ruined its way on the earth.” (Gen. 6:5, 12) How sad that the earth, God’s footstool, was “full of violence.”—Gen. 6:13; Isa. 66:1.
In contrast, “Noah was a righteous man,” one who “proved himself faultless among his contemporaries.” (Gen. 6:9) He demonstrated his submission to God’s sovereignty by doing ‘just as God commanded.’ (Gen. 6:22) Acting in faith, he “constructed an ark for the saving of his household.” (Heb. 11:7) But Noah was more than a builder; as “a preacher [or herald] of righteousness,” he warned of the coming destruction. (2 Pet. 2:5) Despite Noah’s bold witnessing, however, that wicked generation “took no note until the flood came and swept them all away.”—Matt. 24:37-39.
Following Noah’s day, Jehovah had witnesses among the post-Flood patriarchs. Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph are mentioned as an early part of the cloud of pre-Christian witnesses. (Heb. 11:8-22; 12:1) They demonstrated their support of Jehovah’s sovereignty, doing so by keeping integrity. (Gen. 18:18, 19) They thus contributed to the sanctification of Jehovah’s name. Rather than seek security in some earthly kingdom, they “publicly declared that they were strangers and temporary residents in the land,” in faith “awaiting the city having real foundations, the builder and maker of which city is God.” (Heb. 11:10, 13) They accepted Jehovah as their Ruler, anchoring their hope in the promised heavenly Kingdom as an expression of his rightful sovereignty.
In the 16th century B.C.E., Abraham’s descendants were slaves needing deliverance from Egyptian bondage. It was then that Moses and his brother Aaron became key figures in a ‘battle of the gods.’ They appeared before Pharaoh and delivered Jehovah’s ultimatum: “Send my people away.” But proud Pharaoh hardened his heart; he did not want to lose a great nation of slave workers. “Who is Jehovah,” he replied, “so that I should obey his voice to send Israel away? I do not know Jehovah at all and, what is more, I am not going to send Israel away.” (Ex. 5:1, 2) By that disdainful response, Pharaoh, who was believed to be a living god himself, refused to recognize Jehovah’s Godship.
The issue of godship having been raised, Jehovah now proceeded to prove that he is the true God. Pharaoh, through his magic-practicing priests, summoned the combined power of the gods of Egypt in defiance of Jehovah’s power. But Jehovah sent ten plagues, each announced by Moses and Aaron, to demonstrate his dominion over earth’s elements and creatures as well as his supremacy over Egypt’s gods. (Ex. 9:13-16; 12:12) Following the tenth plague, Jehovah brought Israel out of Egypt by “a strong hand.”—Ex. 13:9.
It took much courage and faith for Moses, the ‘meekest of all men,’ to appear before Pharaoh, not once, but many times. (Num. 12:3) Moses, however, never watered down the message that Jehovah commanded him to deliver to Pharaoh. Not even the threat of death could silence his testimony! (Ex. 10:28, 29; Heb. 11:27) Moses was a witness in the true sense of the word; he testified “repeatedly and forcefully” to the Godship of Jehovah.
Following that deliverance from Egypt in 1513 B.C.E., Moses wrote the book of Genesis. Thus began a new era—the era of Bible writing. Since Moses evidently wrote the book of Job, he had some discernment of the issue between God and Satan. But as Bible writing progressed, the issues involving God’s sovereignty and man’s integrity would be put clearly on the record; thus all concerned could gain full knowledge of the great issues involved. Meanwhile, in 1513 B.C.E., Jehovah laid the groundwork for producing a nation of witnesses.
A Nation of Witnesses
In the third month after their leaving Egypt, Jehovah brought the Israelites into an exclusive covenant relationship with him, making them his “special property.” (Ex. 19:5, 6) Through Moses, he now dealt with them as a nation, giving them a theocratic government founded on the Law covenant as their national constitution. (Isa. 33:22) They were Jehovah’s chosen people, organized to represent him as their Sovereign Lord.
However, in the centuries that followed, the nation did not always acknowledge Jehovah’s sovereignty. After becoming settled in the Promised Land, Israel at times fell away to worshiping the demonistic gods of the nations. Because of their failure to obey him as rightful Sovereign, Jehovah allowed them to be plundered, and thus it appeared that the gods of the nations were stronger than Jehovah. (Isa. 42:18-25) But in the eighth century B.C.E., Jehovah openly challenged the gods of the nations in order to clear up that misimpression and settle the question, Who is the true God?
Through the prophet Isaiah, Jehovah issued the challenge: “Who is there among them [the gods of the nations] that can tell this [prophesy accurately]? Or can they cause us to hear even the first things [that is, things in advance]? Let them [as gods] furnish their witnesses, that they may be declared righteous, or let them [the peoples of the nations] hear and say, ‘It is the truth!’” (Isa. 43:9) Yes, let the gods of the nations furnish witnesses who could testify regarding the prophecy of their gods, “It is the truth!” But none of such gods could produce true witnesses to their godship!
Jehovah made clear to Israel their responsibility in settling the question, Who is the true God? He said: “You are my witnesses, . . . even my servant whom I have chosen, in order that you may know and have faith in me, and that you may understand that I am the same One. Before me there was no God formed, and after me there continued to be none. I—I am Jehovah, and besides me there is no savior. I myself have told forth and have saved and have caused it to be heard, when there was among you no strange god. So you are my witnesses, . . . and I am God.”—Isa. 43:10-12.
So Jehovah’s people Israel constituted a nation of witnesses. They could emphatically affirm Jehovah’s rightful, worthy sovereignty. On the basis of their past experiences, they could proclaim with conviction that Jehovah is the Great Deliverer of his people and the God of true prophecy.
Witnessing Concerning the Messiah
Despite the abundant testimony of that ‘cloud mass’ of pre-Christian witnesses, God’s side of the issues was not completely settled. Why not? Because at God’s own appointed time, after it has been clearly demonstrated that humans need Jehovah’s rulership and that they cannot rule successfully on their own, Jehovah must execute judgment upon all who refuse to respect his rightful authority. Furthermore, the issues raised reach far beyond the human sphere. Since an angel had rebelled in Eden, the question of integrity to God’s sovereignty reached up to and involved God’s heavenly creatures. Hence, Jehovah purposed for a spirit son to come to the earth, where Satan would have full opportunity to put him to the test. That spirit son would be given the opportunity to settle, in a perfect way, the question, Will anyone be faithful to God under whatever trial may be brought against him? Having thus proved his loyalty, this son of God would be empowered as Jehovah’s great vindicator, who would destroy the wicked and fully accomplish God’s original purpose regarding the earth.
But how would this one be identified? In Eden, Jehovah had promised a “seed” that would bruise the serpentlike Adversary in the head and vindicate God’s sovereignty. (Gen. 3:15) Through the Hebrew prophets, Jehovah provided many details about that Messianic “seed”—his background and activities, even the time he would appear.—Gen. 12:1-3; 22:15-18; 49:10; 2 Sam. 7:12-16; Isa. 7:14; Dan. 9:24-27; Mic. 5:2.
By the middle of the fifth century B.C.E., with the completion of the Hebrew Scriptures, the prophecies were in place, waiting for the arrival of the Messiah to fulfill them. The testimony of this witness—in fact, God’s greatest witness—will be considered in the following chapter.
[Footnote]
a For example, some first-century Christians could bear witness to historical facts about Jesus—concerning his life, death, and resurrection—from firsthand knowledge. (Acts 1:21, 22; 10:40, 41) However, persons who later put faith in Jesus could bear witness by proclaiming to others the significance of his life, death, and resurrection.—Acts 22:15.
[Blurb on page 11]
Humans can choose to benefit from Jehovah’s sovereignty. But first they must hear about it
[Blurb on page 13]
Abel was the first witness of Jehovah
[Blurb on page 14]
Enoch bore witness about God’s judgment against the ungodly
[Blurb on page 17]
Jehovah made clear to an entire nation their responsibility as his witnesses
[Blurb on page 18]
“You are my witnesses, . . . and I am God”
[Picture on page 10]
The events in Eden raised important issues: Is Jehovah’s sovereignty righteous? Will his creatures be faithful to him?
[Picture on page 15]
Noah was a preacher of righteousness before God destroyed the world by means of a deluge
[Picture on page 16, 17]
Moses and Aaron testified forcefully to Pharaoh about Jehovah’s Godship |
Proclaimers (jv)
1993 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/jv | Chapter 10
Growing in Accurate Knowledge of the Truth
JEHOVAH’S WITNESSES have not set out to introduce new doctrines, a new way of worship, a new religion. Instead, their modern-day history reflects conscientious effort to teach what is found in the Bible, the inspired Word of God. They point to it as the basis for all their beliefs and their way of life. Instead of developing beliefs that reflect the permissive trends of the modern world, they have sought to conform ever more closely to the Biblical teachings and practices of first-century Christianity.
In the early 1870’s, Charles Taze Russell and his associates undertook an earnest study of the Bible. It became obvious to them that Christendom had strayed far from the teachings and practices of early Christianity. Brother Russell did not claim to be the first to discern this, and he freely acknowledged his indebtedness to others for the assistance they rendered during his early years of study of the Scriptures. He spoke with appreciation for the good work that various movements in the Reformation had done with a view to letting the light of truth shine more brightly. He mentioned by name older men such as Jonas Wendell, George Stetson, George Storrs, and Nelson Barbour, who personally contributed to his understanding of God’s Word in various ways.a
He also stated: “Various doctrines we hold and which seem so new and fresh and different were held in some form long ago: for instance—Election, Free Grace, Restitution, Justification, Sanctification, Glorification, Resurrection.” It was often the case, however, that one religious group was distinguished by a clearer understanding of one Bible truth; another group, by a different truth. Their further progress was frequently hindered because they were shackled to doctrines and creeds that embodied beliefs that had flourished in ancient Babylon and Egypt or that were borrowed from Greek philosophers.
But which group, with the help of God’s spirit, would gradually lay hold again on the entire “pattern of healthful words” that had been cherished by first-century Christians? (2 Tim. 1:13) For whom would it prove true that their path was “like the bright light that is getting lighter and lighter until the day is firmly established”? (Prov. 4:18) Who would really do the work that Jesus commanded when he said: “You will be witnesses of me . . . to the most distant part of the earth”? Who would not only make disciples but also ‘teach them to observe all the things’ that Jesus had commanded? (Acts 1:8; Matt. 28:19, 20) Indeed, was the time at hand when the Lord would make a clear distinction between those true Christians that he likened to wheat and the imitation ones that he referred to as weeds (actually, weeds of a sort that very much resemble wheat until they reach maturity)?b (Matt. 13:24-30, 36-43) Who would prove to be “the faithful and discreet slave” to whom the Master, Jesus Christ, at his presence in Kingdom power, would entrust further responsibility in connection with the work foretold for the conclusion of this system of things?—Matt. 24:3, 45-47.
Letting the Light Shine
Jesus instructed his disciples to share with others the light of divine truth that they had received from him. “You are the light of the world,” he said. “Let your light shine before men.” (Matt. 5:14-16; Acts 13:47) Charles Taze Russell and his associates recognized that they had an obligation to do that.
Did they believe that they had all the answers, the full light of truth? To that question Brother Russell pointedly answered: “Certainly not; nor will we have until the ‘perfect day.’” (Prov. 4:18, KJ) Frequently they referred to their Scriptural beliefs as “present truth”—not with any idea that truth itself changes but rather with the thought that their understanding of it was progressive.
These earnest students of the Bible did not shy away from the idea that there is such a thing as truth in matters of religion. They recognized Jehovah as “the God of truth” and the Bible as his Word of truth. (Ps. 31:5; Josh. 21:45; John 17:17) They realized that there was still much that they did not know, but they did not hold back from stating with conviction what they had learned from the Bible. And when traditional religious doctrines and practices contradicted what they found to be clearly stated in God’s inspired Word, then, in imitation of Jesus Christ, they exposed the falsehood, even though this brought ridicule and hatred upon them from the clergy.—Matt. 15:3-9.
To reach and feed others spiritually, C. T. Russell began publication, in July 1879, of the magazine Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence.
The Bible—Truly the Word of God
Charles Taze Russell’s confidence in the Bible was not simply a matter of accepting a traditional viewpoint that was popular at the time. On the contrary, what was popular among many at that time was higher criticism. Those who advocated it challenged the reliability of the Bible record.
As a youth, Russell had joined the Congregational Church and was active in its work, but the unreasonableness of traditional dogmas led to his becoming a skeptic. He found that what he had been taught could not be defended from the Bible in a satisfying way. So he discarded the dogmas of church creed and, with them, the Bible. Next, he explored leading Oriental religions, but they too proved unsatisfying. Then he began to wonder if perhaps the Bible was being misrepresented by Christendom’s creeds. Encouraged by what he heard one evening at an Adventist meeting, he began a systematic study of the Scriptures. What he saw unfolding before him was indeed the inspired Word of God.
He came to be profoundly impressed by the harmony of the Bible with itself and with the personality of the One identified as its Divine Author. To help others to benefit from this, he later wrote the book The Divine Plan of the Ages, which he published in 1886. In it he included a major discussion on “The Bible as a Divine Revelation Viewed in the Light of Reason.” Toward the end of that chapter, he stated unequivocally: “The depth and power and wisdom and scope of the Bible’s testimony convince us that not man, but the Almighty God, is the author of its plans and revelations.”
Confidence in the entire Bible as God’s Word continues to be a cornerstone of the beliefs of Jehovah’s modern-day Witnesses. Worldwide, they have study aids that enable them personally to examine the evidence of its inspiration. Aspects of this subject are frequently discussed in their magazines. In 1969 they published the book Is the Bible Really the Word of God? Twenty years later the book The Bible—God’s Word or Man’s? took a fresh look at the subject of Bible authenticity, drew attention to added evidence, and came to the same conclusion: The Bible is, indeed, the inspired Word of God. Another one of their books, printed first in 1963 and updated in 1990, is “All Scripture Is Inspired of God and Beneficial.” Further detail is found in their Bible encyclopedia, Insight on the Scriptures, published in 1988.
From their personal and congregational study of such material, they are convinced that although some 40 humans over a period of 16 centuries were used to record what is in the 66 books of the Bible, God himself actively directed the writing by his spirit. The apostle Paul wrote: “All Scripture is inspired of God.” (2 Tim. 3:16; 2 Pet. 1:20, 21) This conviction is a powerful factor in the lives of Jehovah’s Witnesses. Commenting on this, a British newspaper remarked: “Behind everything a Witness does lies a Scriptural reason. Indeed, their one basic tenet is recognition of the Bible as . . . true.”
Getting to Know the True God
As Brother Russell and his associates studied the Scriptures, it did not take them long to see that the God portrayed in the Bible is not the god of Christendom. This was an important matter because, as Jesus Christ said, people’s prospects for eternal life depend on their knowing the only true God and the one whom he sent forth, his Chief Agent of salvation. (John 17:3; Heb. 2:10) C. T. Russell and the group that shared with him in Bible study discerned that the justice of God is in perfect balance with divine wisdom, love, and power, and that these attributes are displayed in all of his works. On the basis of the knowledge that they then had of God’s purpose, they prepared a discussion of why evil is permitted and included this in one of their earliest and most widely distributed publications, the 162-page book Food for Thinking Christians, issued first as a special edition of Zion’s Watch Tower in September 1881.
Their study of God’s Word helped them to realize that the Creator has a personal name and that he makes it possible for humans to know him and to enjoy a close relationship with him. (1 Chron. 28:9; Isa. 55:6; Jas. 4:8) The Watch Tower of October-November 1881 pointed out: “JEHOVAH is the name applied to none other than the Supreme Being—our Father, and him whom Jesus called Father and God.”—Ps. 83:18; John 20:17.
The following year, in response to the question, “Do you claim that the Bible does not teach that there are three persons in one God?” the answer was given: “Yes: On the contrary, it does tell us that there is one God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ of whom are all things (or who created all things). We believe then in One God and Father, and also in one Lord Jesus Christ . . . But these are two and not one being. They are one only in the sense of being in harmony. We believe also in a spirit of God . . . But it is no more a person than is the spirit of devils and the spirit of the World and the spirit of Anti-Christ.”—Zion’s Watch Tower, June 1882; John 17:20-22.
Growing Appreciation for God’s Name
Gradually those Bible Students became increasingly aware of the prominence that the inspired Scriptures give to the personal name of God. That name had been obscured in English by the Roman Catholic Douay and the Protestant King James versions of the Bible, as it later was by most translations in many languages in the 20th century. But a variety of translations as well as Bible reference works testified that the name Jehovah occurs in the original-language text thousands of times—actually, far more often than any other name, and more often than the combined total of appearances of such inputs as God and Lord. As “a people for his name,” their own appreciation for the divine name grew. (Acts 15:14) In The Watch Tower of January 1, 1926, they presented what they recognized to be an issue that each individual must face, namely, “Who Will Honor Jehovah?”
The emphasis that they placed on the name of God was not merely a matter of religious knowledge. As explained in the book Prophecy (published in 1929), the paramount issue facing all intelligent creation involves the name and word of Jehovah God. Jehovah’s Witnesses emphasize that the Bible shows that everyone must know God’s name and treat it as something sacred. (Matt. 6:9; Ezek. 39:7) It must be cleared of all the reproach that has been heaped upon it, not only by those who have been openly defiant of Jehovah but also by those who have misrepresented him by their doctrines and deeds. (Ezek. 38:23; Rom. 2:24) On the basis of the Scriptures, the Witnesses recognize that the well-being of all the universe and its inhabitants depends upon the sanctification of Jehovah’s name.
They realize that before Jehovah takes action to destroy the wicked, it is the duty and privilege of his witnesses to tell others the truth about him. Jehovah’s Witnesses have been doing that earth wide. So zealous have they been in carrying out that responsibility that, internationally, anyone who freely uses the name Jehovah is quickly identified as being one of Jehovah’s Witnesses.
Exposing the Trinity
As witnesses of Jehovah, C. T. Russell and his associates felt a keen responsibility to expose teachings that misrepresented God, to help lovers of truth realize that these are not based on the Bible. They were not the first to recognize that the Trinity is unscriptural,c but they did appreciate that if they were to be faithful servants of God, they had a responsibility to make known the truth about it. Courageously, for the benefit of all lovers of truth, they laid bare the pagan roots of this central doctrine of Christendom.
The Watch Tower of June 1882 stated: “Many pagan philosophers finding that it would be policy to join the ranks of the rising religion [an apostate form of Christianity endorsed by Roman emperors in the fourth century C.E.], set about paving an easy way to it by trying to discover correspondencies between Christianity and Paganism, and so to blend the two together. They succeeded only too well. . . . As the old theology had a number of chief gods, with many demi-gods of both sexes, the Pago-christians (if we may coin a word) set themselves to reconstruct the list for the new theology. At this time, therefore, the doctrine of three Gods was invented—God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Ghost.”
Some of the clergy endeavored to give Biblical flavor to their teaching by quoting such texts as 1 John 5:7, but Brother Russell presented evidence showing that it was well-known by scholars that a portion of that text was an interpolation, a spurious insertion made by a scribe to support a teaching that is not found in the Scriptures. Other apologists for the Trinity appealed to John 1:1, but the Watch Tower analyzed that scripture on the basis of both output and context to show that this in no way supported belief in the Trinity. In harmony with this, in its issue of July 1883, the Watch Tower said: “More Bible and less hymn-book theology would have made the subject clearer to all. The doctrine of the trinity is totally opposed to Scripture.”
Brother Russell outspokenly exposed the foolishness of professing to believe the Bible while at the same time teaching a doctrine such as the Trinity, which contradicts what the Bible says. Thus he wrote: “In what a jumble of contradictions and confusion do they find themselves who say that Jesus and the Father are one God! This would involve the idea that our Lord Jesus acted the hypocrite when on earth and only pretended to address God in prayer, when He Himself was the same God. . . . Again, the Father has always been immortal, hence could not die. How, then, could Jesus have died? The Apostles are all false witnesses in declaring Jesus’ death and resurrection if He did not die. The Scriptures declare, however, that He did die.”d
Thus, at an early point in their modern-day history, Jehovah’s Witnesses firmly rejected Christendom’s Trinity dogma in favor of the reasonable, heartwarming teaching of the Bible itself.e The work that they have done to publish these truths and to give people everywhere opportunity to hear them has taken on proportions never attained by any other individual or group, past or present.
What Is the Condition of the Dead?
What the future holds for people who have not accepted God’s provision for salvation was of deep concern to C. T. Russell from the time he was a young man. When just a lad, he believed what the clergy said about hellfire; he thought they were preaching God’s Word. He would go out at night to chalk up Bible texts in conspicuous places so that workingmen who passed there might be warned and be saved from the awful doom of eternal torment.
Later, after he had seen for himself what the Bible really does teach, he was quoted by one of his associates as stating: “If the Bible does teach that eternal torture is the fate of all except the saints, it should be preached—yea, thundered from the housetops weekly, daily, hourly; if it does not so teach, the fact should be made known, and the foul stain dishonoring God’s holy name removed.”
At an early point in his study of the Bible, C. T. Russell saw clearly that hell is not a place of torment for souls after death. He was most likely helped in this by George Storrs, editor of the Bible Examiner, whom Brother Russell mentioned with warm appreciation in his writings and who had himself written much about what he discerned from the Bible as to the condition of the dead.
But what about the soul? Did the Bible Students support the belief that it is a spirit part of man, something that lives on after the death of the body? On the contrary, in 1903 the Watch Tower stated: “We must notice carefully that the lesson is not that man has a soul, but that man is a soul, or being. Let us take an illustration from nature—the air we breathe: it is composed of oxygen and nitrogen, neither of which is atmosphere, or air; but when the two combine, as they do in proper chemical proportions, the resulting thing is atmosphere. Just so with soul. God speaks to us from this standpoint, of our being each a soul. He does not address our bodies nor our breath of lives, but he does address us as intelligent beings, or souls. In pronouncing the penalty of violating his law, he did not address Adam’s body specifically, but the man, the soul, the intelligent being: ‘Thou!’ ‘In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.’ ‘The soul that sinneth it shall die.’—Gen 2:17; Ezek. 18:20.” This was in harmony with what the Watch Tower had stated as early as April 1881.f
How, then, did belief in the inherent immortality of human souls develop? Who was its author? After carefully examining both the Bible and religious history, Brother Russell wrote in the Watch Tower of April 15, 1894: “Evidently it came not from the Bible . . . The Bible distinctly declares that man is mortal, that death is possible to him. . . . Scanning the pages of history, we find that, although the doctrine of human immortality is not taught by God’s inspired witnesses, it is the very essence of all heathen religions. . . . It is not true, therefore, that Socrates and Plato were the first to teach the doctrine: it had an earlier teacher than either of them, and a yet more able one. . . . The first record of this false teaching is found in the oldest history known to man—the Bible. The false teacher was Satan.”g
Turning the “Hose” on Hell
In harmony with Brother Russell’s strong desire to remove from God’s name the foul stain that resulted from the teaching of a hellfire of eternal torment, he wrote a tract featuring the subject, “Do the Scriptures Teach That Eternal Torment Is the Wages of Sin?” (The Old Theology, 1889) In it he said:
“The eternal torment theory had a heathen origin, though as held by the heathen it was not the merciless doctrine it afterward became, when it began gradually to attach itself to nominal Christianity during its blending with heathen philosophies in the second century. It remained for the great apostasy to tack to heathen philosophy the horrid details now so generally believed, to paint them upon the church walls, as was done in Europe, to write them in their creeds and hymns, and to so pervert the Word of God as to give a seeming divine support to the God-dishonoring blasphemy. The credulity of the present day, therefore, receives it as a legacy, not from the Lord, or the apostles, or the prophets, but from the compromising spirit which sacrificed truth and reason, and shamefully perverted the doctrines of Christianity, in an unholy ambition and strife for power and wealth and numbers. Eternal torment as the penalty for sin was unknown to the patriarchs of past ages; it was unknown to the prophets of the Jewish age; and it was unknown to the Lord and the apostles; but it has been the chief doctrine of Nominal Christianity since the great apostasy—the scourge wherewith the credulous, ignorant and superstitious of the world have been lashed into servile obedience to tyranny. Eternal torment was pronounced against all who offered resistance to or spurned Rome’s authority, and its infliction in the present life was begun so far as she had power.”
Brother Russell was well aware that the majority of sensible people did not really believe the doctrine of hellfire. But, as he pointed out, in 1896, in the booklet What Say the Scriptures About Hell?, “since they think that the Bible teaches it, every step they progress in real intelligence and brotherly kindness . . . is in most cases a step away from God’s Word, which they falsely accuse of this teaching.”
To draw such thinking people back to God’s Word, he presented in this booklet every text in the King James Version in which the word hell was found, so readers could see for themselves what these said, and then he stated: “Thank God, we find no such place of everlasting torture as the creeds and hymn-books, and many pulpits, erroneously teach. Yet we have found a ‘hell,’ sheol, hades, to which all our race were condemned on account of Adam’s sin, and from which all are redeemed by our Lord’s death; and that ‘hell’ is the tomb—the death condition. And we find another ‘hell’ (gehenna—the second death—utter destruction) brought to our attention as the final penalty upon all who, after being redeemed and brought to the full knowledge of the truth, and to full ability to obey it, shall yet choose death by choosing a course of opposition to God and righteousness. And our hearts say, Amen. True and righteous are thy ways, thou King of nations. Who shall not venerate thee, O Lord, and glorify thy name? For thou art entirely holy. And all nations shall come and worship before thee, because thy righteous dealings are made manifest.”—Rev. 15:3, 4.
What he was teaching was a source of irritation and embarrassment to the clergy of Christendom. In 1903 he was challenged to public debate. The condition of the dead was one of the issues in the resulting series of debates between C. T. Russell and Dr. E. L. Eaton, who served as spokesman for an unofficial alliance of Protestant ministers in the western part of Pennsylvania.
During those debates Brother Russell firmly upheld the proposition that “death is death, and that our dear ones, when they pass from us, are really dead, that they are neither alive with the angels nor with demons in a place of despair.” In support of this, he referred to such scriptures as Ecclesiastes 9:5, 10; Romans 5:12; 6:23; and Genesis 2:17. He also said: “The scriptures are in full harmony with what you and I and every other sane, reasonable person in the world shall concede to be the reasonable and proper character of our God. What is declared of our heavenly Father? That he is just, that he is wise, that he is loving, that he is powerful. All Christian people will acknowledge these attributes of the divine character. If this is so, can we find any sense of the word in which we could conceive of God as just and yet punishing a creature of His own hand to all eternity, no matter what the sin was? I am not an apologist for sin; I do not live in sin myself, and I never preach sin. . . . But I tell you that all these people around here that our brother [Dr. Eaton] says are making the air blue with their blasphemies of God and the holy name of Jesus Christ are all people who have been taught this doctrine of eternal torment. And all the murderers, thieves and evil doers in the penitentiaries, were all taught this doctrine. . . . These are bad doctrines; they have been injuring the world this long time; they are not a part of the Lord’s teaching at all, and our dear brother has not gotten the smoke of the dark ages rubbed out of his eyes yet.”
It is reported that after the debate a clergyman who was in attendance approached Russell and said: “I am glad to see you turn the hose on hell and put out the fire.”
To give even more widespread publicity to the truth about the condition of the dead, Brother Russell served an extensive series of one-day conventions, from 1905 through 1907, at which he featured the public discourse “To Hell and Back! Who Are There? Hope for Return of Many.” The input was intriguing, and it attracted much attention. Audiences packed out assembly halls in cities both large and small in the United States and Canada to hear the talk.
Among those who were deeply moved by what the Bible says about the condition of the dead was a university student in Cincinnati, Ohio, who was preparing to become a Presbyterian minister. In 1913 he received from his fleshly brother the booklet Where Are the Dead?, written by John Edgar, a Bible Student who was also a medical doctor in Scotland. The student who received that booklet was Frederick Franz. After reading it carefully, he firmly declared: “This is the truth.” Without hesitation, he changed his goals in life and got into the full-time ministry as a colporteur evangelizer. In 1920 he became a member of the Watch Tower Society’s headquarters staff. Many years later he became a member of the Governing Body of Jehovah’s Witnesses and, later, the president of the Watch Tower Society.
The Ransom Sacrifice of Jesus Christ
In 1872, in connection with his examination of the Scriptures, Brother Russell and his associates took a fresh look at the subject of restitution, from the standpoint of the ransom given by Jesus Christ. (Acts 3:21, KJ) He was thrilled when he saw at Hebrews 2:9 that ‘Jesus by the grace of God tasted death for every man.’ That did not lead him to believe in universal salvation, for he knew that the Scriptures also say that one must exercise faith in Jesus Christ to be saved. (Acts 4:12; 16:31) But he began to grasp—though not all at once—what a marvelous opportunity the ransom sacrifice of Jesus Christ made possible for humankind. It opened the way for them to have what Adam had lost, the prospect of eternal life in human perfection. Brother Russell was not passive about the matter; he discerned the profound significance of the ransom and vigorously upheld it, even when close associates allowed their thinking to be corrupted by philosophical views.
By mid-1878, Brother Russell had, for about a year and a half, been an assistant editor of the magazine Herald of the Morning, of which N. H. Barbour was principal editor. But when Barbour, in the August 1878 issue of their magazine, belittled the Scriptural teaching of the ransom, Russell responded with a vigorous defense of that vital Bible truth.
Under the heading “The Atonement,” Barbour had illustrated how he felt about the teaching, saying: “I say to my boy, or to one of the servants, when James bites his sister, you catch a fly, stick a pin through its body and impale it to the wall, and I’ll forgive James. This illustrates the doctrine of substitution.” Though professing to believe in the ransom, Barbour referred to the idea that Christ by his death paid the penalty for sin for the offspring of Adam as being “unscriptural, and obnoxious to all our ideas of justice.”h
In the very next issue of Herald of the Morning (September 1878), Brother Russell took strong exception to what Barbour had written. Russell analyzed what the Scriptures really say and their consistency with “the perfection of [God’s] justice, and finally his great mercy and love” as expressed by means of the ransom provision. (1 Cor. 15:3; 2 Cor. 5:18, 19; 1 Pet. 2:24; 3:18; 1 John 2:2) By the following spring, after repeated efforts to help Barbour to see things Scripturally, Russell withdrew his support from the Herald; and as of the issue of June 1879, his name no longer appeared as an assistant editor of that publication. His bold, uncompromising stand in connection with this central Bible teaching had far-reaching effects.
Throughout their modern-day history, Jehovah’s Witnesses have consistently championed the Scriptural teaching of the ransom. The very first issue of Zion’s Watch Tower (July 1879) emphasized that “merit toward God lies . . . in Christ’s perfect sacrifice.” In 1919, at a convention sponsored by the International Bible Students Association at Cedar Point, Ohio, the printed program featured prominently the words “Welcome! All Believers in the Great Ransom Sacrifice.” The inside front cover of The Watchtower continues to draw attention to the ransom, saying concerning the purpose of the magazine: “It encourages faith in God’s now-reigning King, Jesus Christ, whose shed blood opens the way for mankind to gain eternal life.”
Progressive, Not Creed-Bound
Clear understanding of God’s Word did not come all at once. In many cases the Bible Students grasped one detail of the pattern of truth but did not yet see the complete picture. Nevertheless, they were willing to learn. They were not creed-bound; they were progressive. What they learned they shared. They did not take credit for the things they taught; they sought to be “taught by Jehovah.” (John 6:45) And they came to appreciate that Jehovah makes possible the understanding of the details of his purpose in his own time and in his own way.—Dan. 12:9; compare John 16:12, 13.
Learning new things requires adjustments in viewpoint. If mistakes are going to be admitted and beneficial changes made, humility is needed. This quality and its fruits are desirable to Jehovah, and such a course strongly appeals to lovers of truth. (Zeph. 3:12) But it is ridiculed by those who glory in creeds that have remained unchanged for many centuries, though these were formulated by imperfect men.
Manner of the Lord’s Return
It was in the mid-1870’s that Brother Russell and those who were diligently examining the Scriptures along with him discerned that when the Lord returned he would be invisible to human eyes.—John 14:3, 19.
Brother Russell later said: “We felt greatly grieved at the error of Second Adventists, who were expecting Christ in the flesh, and teaching that the world and all in it except Second Adventists would be burned up in 1873 or 1874, whose time-settings and disappointments and crude ideas generally as to the object and manner of his coming brought more or less reproach upon us and upon all who longed for and proclaimed his coming Kingdom. These wrong views so generally held of both the object and manner of the Lord’s return led me to write a pamphlet—‘The Object and Manner of Our Lord’s Return.’” This pamphlet was published in 1877. Brother Russell had some 50,000 copies of it printed and distributed.
In that pamphlet, he wrote: “We believe the scriptures to teach, that, at His coming and for a time after He has come, He will remain invisible; afterward manifesting or showing Himself in judgments and various forms, so that ‘every eye shall see Him.’” In support of this, he discussed such texts as Acts 1:11 (‘he will come in the same manner as you have beheld him go’—that is, unobserved by the world) and John 14:19 (“a little longer and the world will behold me no more”). Brother Russell also referred to the fact that The Emphatic Diaglott, which had first been published in complete form in 1864 with an interlinear word-for-word English translation, gave evidence that the Greek expression pa·rou·siʹa meant “presence.” In analyzing the Bible’s use of that term, Russell explained in this pamphlet: “The Greek word generally used in referring to the second advent—Parousia, frequently translated coming—invariably signifies personal presence, as having come, arrived and never signifies to be on the way, as we use the word coming.”
When discussing the purpose of Christ’s presence, Russell made it clear that this was not something that would be accomplished in a single world-shattering moment. “The second advent, like the first,” he wrote, “covers a period of time, and is not the event of a moment.” During that time, he wrote, the “little flock” would be given their reward with the Lord as joint heirs in his Kingdom; others, perhaps billions, would be given opportunity for perfect life on an earth restored to Edenic beauty.—Luke 12:32.
Within just a few years, on the basis of further study of the Scriptures, Russell realized that Christ would not only return invisibly but also remain invisible, even when manifesting his presence by judgment upon the wicked.
In 1876, when Russell had first read a copy of Herald of the Morning, he had learned that there was another group who then believed that Christ’s return would be invisible and who associated that return with blessings for all families of the earth. From Mr. Barbour, editor of that publication, Russell also came to be persuaded that Christ’s invisible presence had begun in 1874.i Attention was later drawn to this by the subinput “Herald of Christ’s Presence,” which appeared on the cover of Zion’s Watch Tower.
Recognition of Christ’s presence as being invisible became an important foundation on which an understanding of many Bible prophecies would be built. Those early Bible Students realized that the presence of the Lord should be of primary concern to all true Christians. (Mark 13:33-37) They were keenly interested in the Master’s return and were alert to the fact that they had a responsibility to publicize it, but they did not yet clearly discern all the details. Yet, what God’s spirit did enable them to understand at a very early time was truly remarkable. One of these truths involved a highly significant date marked by Bible prophecy.
End of the Gentile Times
The matter of Bible chronology had long been of great interest to Bible students. Commentators had set out a variety of views on Jesus’ prophecy about “the times of the Gentiles” and the prophet Daniel’s record of Nebuchadnezzar’s dream regarding the tree stump that was banded for “seven times.”—Luke 21:24, KJ; Dan. 4:10-17.
As early as 1823, John A. Brown, whose work was published in London, England, calculated the “seven times” of Daniel chapter 4 to be 2,520 years in length. But he did not clearly discern the date with which the prophetic time period began or when it would end. He did, however, connect these “seven times” with the Gentile Times of Luke 21:24. In 1844, E. B. Elliott, a British clergyman, drew attention to 1914 as a possible date for the end of the “seven times” of Daniel, but he also set out an alternate view that pointed to the time of the French Revolution. Robert Seeley, of London, in 1849, handled the matter in a similar manner. At least by 1870, a publication edited by Joseph Seiss and associates and printed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was setting out calculations that pointed to 1914 as a significant date, even though the reasoning it contained was based on chronology that C. T. Russell later rejected.
Then, in the August, September, and October 1875 issues of Herald of the Morning, N. H. Barbour helped to harmonize details that had been pointed out by others. Using chronology compiled by Christopher Bowen, a clergyman in England, and published by E. B. Elliott, Barbour identified the start of the Gentile Times with King Zedekiah’s removal from kingship as foretold at Ezekiel 21:25, 26, and he pointed to 1914 as marking the end of the Gentile Times.
Early in 1876, C. T. Russell received a copy of Herald of the Morning. He promptly wrote to Barbour and then spent time with him in Philadelphia during the summer, discussing, among other things, prophetic time periods. Shortly thereafter, in an article eninputd “Gentile Times: When Do They End?”, Russell also reasoned on the matter from the Scriptures and stated that the evidence showed that “the seven times will end in A.D. 1914.” This article was printed in the October 1876 issue of the Bible Examiner.j The book Three Worlds, and the Harvest of This World, produced in 1877 by N. H. Barbour in cooperation with C. T. Russell, pointed to the same conclusion. Thereafter, early issues of the Watch Tower, such as the ones dated December 1879 and July 1880, directed attention to 1914 C.E. as being a highly significant year from the standpoint of Bible prophecy. In 1889 the entire fourth chapter of Volume II of Millennial Dawn (later called Studies in the Scriptures) was devoted to discussion of “The Times of the Gentiles.” But what would the end of the Gentile Times mean?
The Bible Students were not completely sure what would happen. They were convinced that it would not result in a burning up of the earth and a blotting out of human life. Rather, they knew it would mark a significant point in regard to divine rulership. At first, they thought that by that date the Kingdom of God would have obtained full, universal control. When that did not occur, their confidence in the Bible prophecies that marked the date did not waver. They concluded that, instead, the date had marked only a starting point as to Kingdom rule.
Similarly, they also first thought that global troubles culminating in anarchy (which they understood would be associated with the war of “the great day of God the Almighty”) would precede that date. (Rev. 16:14) But then, ten years before 1914, the Watch Tower suggested that worldwide turmoil that would result in the annihilating of human institutions would come right after the end of the Gentile Times. They expected the year 1914 to mark a significant turning point for Jerusalem, since the prophecy had said that ‘Jerusalem would be trodden down’ until the Gentile Times were fulfilled. When they saw 1914 drawing close and yet they had not died as humans and been ‘caught up in the clouds’ to meet the Lord—in harmony with earlier expectations—they earnestly hoped that their change might take place at the end of the Gentile Times.—1 Thess. 4:17.
As the years passed and they examined and reexamined the Scriptures, their faith in the prophecies remained strong, and they did not hold back from stating what they expected to occur. With varying degrees of success, they endeavored to avoid being dogmatic about details not directly stated in the Scriptures.
Did the “Alarm Clock” Go Off Too Soon?
Great turmoil certainly burst forth upon the world in 1914 with the outbreak of World War I, which for many years was called simply the Great War, but it did not immediately lead to an overthrow of all existing human rulerships. As events in connection with Palestine developed following 1914, the Bible Students thought they saw evidence of significant changes for Israel. But months and then years passed, and the Bible Students did not receive their heavenly reward as they had anticipated. How did they react to that?
The Watch Tower of February 1, 1916, specifically drew attention to October 1, 1914, and then said: “This was the last point of time that Bible chronology pointed out to us as relating to the Church’s experiences. Did the Lord tell us that we would be taken [to heaven] there? No. What did He say? His Word and the fulfil[l]ments of prophecy seemed to point unmistakably that this date marked the end of the Gentile Times. We inferred from this that the Church’s ‘change’ would take place on or before that date. But God did not tell us that it would be so. He permitted us to draw that inference; and we believe that it has proven to be a necessary test upon God’s dear saints everywhere.” But did these developments prove that their glorious hope had been in vain? No. It simply meant that not everything was taking place as soon as they had expected.
Several years before 1914, Russell had written: “Chronology (time prophecies in general) was evidently not intended to give God’s people accurate chronological information all the way down the path of the centuries. Evidently it is intended more to serve as an alarm clock to awaken and energize the Lord’s people at the proper time. . . . But let us suppose, for instance, that October, 1914, should pass and that no serious fall of Gentile power would occur. What would this prove or disprove? It would not disprove any feature of the Divine Plan of the Ages. The ransom-price finished at Calvary would still stand the guarantee of the ultimate fulfillment of the great Divine Program for human restitution. The ‘high calling’ of the Church to suffer with the Redeemer and to be glorified with him as his members or as his Bride would still be the same. . . . The only thing [a]ffected by the chronology would be the time for the accomplishment of these glorious hopes for the Church and for the world. . . . And if that date pass it would merely prove that our chronology, our ‘alarm clock,’ went off a little before the time. Would we consider it a great calamity if our alarm clock awakened us a few moments earlier in the morning of some great day full of joy and pleasure? Surely not!”
But that “alarm clock” had not gone off too soon. Actually, it was the experiences to which the “clock” had awakened them that were not exactly what they had expected.
Some years later, when the light had grown brighter, they acknowledged: “Many of the dear saints thought that all the work was done. . . . They rejoiced because of the clear proof that the world had ended, that the kingdom of heaven was at hand, and that the day of their deliverance drew nigh. But they had overlooked something else that must be done. The good news that they had received must be told to others; because Jesus had commanded: ‘This gospel of the kingdom shall be preached in all the world for a witness unto all nations: and then shall the end come.’ (Matthew 24:14)”—The Watch Tower, May 1, 1925.
As the events following 1914 began to unfold and the Bible Students compared these with what the Master had foretold, they gradually came to appreciate that they were living in the last days of the old system and that they had been since 1914. They also came to understand that it was in the year 1914 that Christ’s invisible presence had begun and that this was, not by his personally returning (even invisibly) to the vicinity of the earth, but by his directing his attention toward the earth as ruling King. They saw and accepted the vital responsibility that was theirs to proclaim “this good news of the kingdom” for a witness to all nations during this critical time of human history.—Matt. 24:3-14.
What exactly was the message about the Kingdom that they were to preach? Was it any different from the message of the first-century Christians?
God’s Kingdom, the Only Hope of Mankind
As a result of careful study of God’s Word, the Bible Students associated with Brother Russell understood that God’s Kingdom was the government that Jehovah had promised to set up by means of his Son for the blessing of mankind. Jesus Christ, in heaven, would have associated with him as rulers a “little flock” selected by God from among humankind. They understood that this government would be represented by faithful men of old who would serve as princes in all the earth. These were referred to as “ancient worthies.”—Luke 12:32; Dan. 7:27; Rev. 20:6; Ps. 45:16.
Christendom had long taught ‘the divine right of kings,’ as a means of holding the people in subjection. But these Bible Students saw from the Scriptures that the future of human governments was not secured by any divine guarantee. In harmony with what they were learning, the Watch Tower of December 1881 stated: “The setting up of this kingdom will of course, involve the overthrow of all the kingdoms of earth, as they are all—even the best of them—founded on injustice and unequal rights and the oppression of many and favor of the few—as we read: ‘It shall break in pieces and consume all these kingdoms and it shall stand forever.’”—Dan. 2:44.
As to the way in which those oppressive kingdoms would be broken, the Bible Students still had much to learn. They did not yet understand clearly how the benefits of God’s Kingdom would spread to all mankind. But they were not confusing the Kingdom of God with a vague feeling within one’s heart or with rule by a religious hierarchy that used the secular State as its arm.
By 1914, the faithful pre-Christian servants of God had not been resurrected on earth as princely representatives of the Messianic King, as had been expected, nor had the remaining ones of the “little flock” joined Christ in the heavenly Kingdom in that year. Nevertheless, The Watch Tower of February 15, 1915, confidently stated that 1914 was the due time “for our Lord to take up His great power and reign,” thus ending the millenniums of uninterrupted Gentile domination. In its issue of July 1, 1920, The Watch Tower reaffirmed that position and associated it with the good news that Jesus had foretold would be proclaimed earth wide before the end. (Matt. 24:14) At the convention of the Bible Students at Cedar Point, Ohio, in 1922, this understanding was restated in a general resolution, and Brother Rutherford urged the conventioners: “Advertise, advertise, advertise, the King and his kingdom.”
However, at that time the Bible Students felt that the setting up of the Kingdom, its full establishment in heaven, would not take place until the final members of Christ’s bride were glorified. A real milestone was reached, therefore, in 1925, when The Watch Tower of March 1 featured the article “Birth of the Nation.” It presented an eye-opening study of Revelation chapter 12. The article set forth evidence that the Messianic Kingdom had been born—established—in 1914, that Christ had then begun to rule on his heavenly throne, and that thereafter Satan had been hurled from heaven down to the vicinity of the earth. This was the good news that was to be proclaimed, the news that God’s Kingdom was already in operation. How this enlightened understanding stimulated these Kingdom proclaimers to preach to the ends of the earth!
By every appropriate means, Jehovah’s people gave witness that only God’s Kingdom could bring lasting relief and solve the deep-seated problems that afflicted humankind. In 1931 this message was featured in a radio broadcast by J. F. Rutherford on the most extensive international network that had ever been on the air. The text of that broadcast was also published in many languages in the booklet The Kingdom, the Hope of the World—millions of copies of which were distributed within a few months. In addition to widespread distribution to the public, special effort was put forth to get copies into the hands of politicians, prominent businessmen, and the clergy.
Among other things, that booklet said: “The present unrighteous governments of the world can hold out no hope whatsoever to the people. God’s judgment against them declares they must go down. The hope of the world, therefore, and the only hope, is the righteous kingdom or government of God with Christ Jesus as invisible Ruler thereof.” That Kingdom, they realized, would bring true peace and security to mankind. Under its rule the earth would become a real paradise, and sickness and death would be no more.—Rev. 21:4, 5.
The good news of God’s Kingdom continues to be central to the beliefs of Jehovah’s Witnesses. Since the issue of March 1, 1939, their principal magazine, now published in over 110 languages, has borne the input The Watchtower Announcing Jehovah’s Kingdom.
But before the Kingdom rule would transform the earth into a paradise, the present wicked system would have to go. How would that be accomplished?
The War of the Great Day of God the Almighty
The world war that began in 1914 rocked the existing system of things to its foundations. For a time it appeared that events would develop as the Bible Students had expected.
Back in August 1880, Brother Russell had written: “We understand that before the human family are restored or even begin to be blessed the present kingdoms of earth which now bind and oppress mankind will all be overturned and that the kingdom of God will assume control and that the blessing and restitution come through the new kingdom.” How would that ‘overturning of kingdoms’ take place? Based on conditions that he could then see developing in the world, Russell believed that during the war of Armageddon, God would use contending factions of mankind to overthrow existing institutions. He said: “The work of demolishing human empire is beginning. The power that will overthrow them is now at work. The people are already organizing their forces under the name of Communists, Socialists, Nihilists, etc.”
The book The Day of Vengeance (later called The Battle of Armageddon), published in 1897, further enlarged on the way the Bible Students then understood the matter, saying: “The Lord, by his overruling providence, will take a general charge of this great army of disoutputs—patriots, reformers, socialists, moralists, anarchists, ignorants and hopeless—and use their hopes, fears, follies and selfishness, according to his divine wisdom, to work out his own grand purposes in the overthrow of present institutions, and for the preparation of man for the Kingdom of Righteousness.” Thus they understood the war of Armageddon to be associated with violent social revolution.
But was Armageddon going to be merely a struggle between contending factions of mankind, a social revolution used by God to overthrow existing institutions? As further attention was given to the scriptures bearing on this matter, The Watch Tower of July 15, 1925, drew attention to Zechariah 14:1-3 and said: “By this we would understand that all the nations of earth, under Satan’s direction, would be gathered to battle against the Jerusalem class, viz., those who take their stand on the Lord’s side . . . Revelation 16:14, 16.”
The following year, in the book Deliverance, attention was focused on the real purpose of this war, saying: “Now Jehovah, according to his Word, will make a demonstration of his power so clearly and unequivocally that the people may be convinced of their ungodly course and may understand that Jehovah is God. That is the reason why God brought the great flood, threw down the Tower of Babel, destroyed the army of Sennacherib the Assyrian king, and swallowed up the Egyptians; and it is also the reason why he is now going to bring another great trouble upon the world. The former calamities were but shadows of the one now impending. The gathering is to the great day of God Almighty. It is ‘the great and the terrible day of the Lord’ (Joel 2:31), when God will make for himself a name. In this great and final conflict the peoples of every nation, kindred and tongue will learn that Jehovah is the all-powerful, all-wise and just God.” But Jehovah’s servants on earth were cautioned: “In this great battle no Christian will strike a blow. The reason they do not is that Jehovah has said: ‘For the battle is not yours, but God’s.’” The war here being discussed was definitely not the one that was fought among the nations, beginning in 1914. It was yet to come.
There were yet other questions that needed to be resolved on the basis of the Scriptures. One of these involved the identity of the Jerusalem that was to be trampled underfoot until the end of the Gentile Times, as stated at Luke 21:24; and related to this was identification of the Israel referred to in so many prophecies of restoration.
Would God Restore the Jews to Palestine?
The Bible Students were well aware of the many prophecies of restoration that were delivered to ancient Israel by God’s prophets. (Jer. 30:18; 31:8-10; Amos 9:14, 15; Rom. 11:25, 26) Down till 1932, they understood these to apply specifically to the natural Jews. Thus, they believed that God would show Israel favor again, gradually restoring the Jews to Palestine, opening their eyes to the truth regarding Jesus as Ransomer and Messianic King, and using them as an agency for extending blessings to all nations. With this understanding, Brother Russell spoke to large Jewish audiences in New York as well as in Europe on the subject “Zionism in Prophecy,” and Brother Rutherford, in 1925, wrote the book Comfort for the Jews.
But it gradually became evident that what was taking place in Palestine with regard to the Jews was not the fulfillment of Jehovah’s grand restoration prophecies. Desolation came on first-century Jerusalem because the Jews had rejected God’s Son, the Messiah, the one sent in Jehovah’s name. (Dan. 9:25-27; Matt. 23:38, 39) It was becoming increasingly obvious that as a people they had not changed their attitude. There was no repentance over the wrongful act committed by their forefathers. The return of some to Palestine was not motivated by any love for God or desire for his name to be magnified by fulfillment of his Word. This was clearly explained in the second volume of Vindication, which was published by the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society in 1932.k The correctness of this position was confirmed in 1949, when the State of Israel, then recently formed as a nation and as a homeland for the Jews, became a member of the United Nations, thus showing that its trust was not in Jehovah but in the political nations of the world.
What had been taking place in fulfillment of those restoration prophecies pointed in another direction. Jehovah’s servants began to realize that it was spiritual Israel, “the Israel of God,” composed of spirit-anointed Christians, who, in fulfillment of God’s purpose, were enjoying peace with God through Jesus Christ. (Gal. 6:16) Now their eyes were opened to discern in God’s dealings with such true Christians a marvelous spiritual fulfillment of those restoration promises. In time they also came to realize that the Jerusalem that was exalted at the end of the Gentile Times was not a mere earthly city, or even a people on earth represented by that city, but, rather, “heavenly Jerusalem,” where Jehovah installed his Son, Jesus Christ, with ruling authority in 1914.—Heb. 12:22.
With these matters clear, Jehovah’s Witnesses were in better position to fulfill without partiality toward any group the assignment to preach the Kingdom good news “in all the inhabited earth for a witness to all the nations.”—Matt. 24:14.
Who is to be credited for all these explanations of the Bible that have appeared in the Watch Tower publications?
The Means by Which Jehovah’s Servants Are Taught
Jesus Christ foretold that after his return to heaven, he would send his disciples the holy spirit. This would serve as a helper, guiding them “into all the truth.” (John 14:26; 16:7, 13) Jesus also said that as the Lord or Master of true Christians, he would have a “faithful and discreet slave,” a “faithful steward,” that would give spiritual “food at the proper time” to the domestics, the workers in the household of faith. (Matt. 24:45-47; Luke 12:42) Who is this faithful and discreet slave?
The very first issue of the Watch Tower alluded to Matthew 24:45-47 when it stated that the aim of the publishers of that magazine was to be alert to events in connection with Christ’s presence and to give spiritual “meat in due season” to the household of faith. But the editor of the magazine was not himself claiming to be the faithful and discreet slave, or the “faithful and wise servant” (according to the rendering of the King James Version).
Thus, in the October-November 1881 issue of the magazine, C. T. Russell stated: “We believe that every member of this body of Christ is engaged in the blessed work, either directly or indirectly, of giving meat in due season to the household of faith. ‘Who then is that faithful and wise servant whom his Lord hath made ruler over his household,’ to give them meat in due season? Is it not that ‘little flock’ of consecrated servants who are faithfully carrying out their consecration vows—the body of Christ—and is not the whole body individually and collectively, giving the meat in due [s]eason to the household of faith—the great company of believers? Blessed is that servant (the whole body of Christ) whom his Lord when he has come (Gr. elthon) shall find so doing. ‘Verily, I say unto you, that he shall make him ruler over all his goods.’”
Over a decade later, however, Brother Russell’s wife publicly expressed the idea that Russell himself was the faithful and wise servant.l The view that she voiced concerning the identity of the ‘faithful servant’ came to be generally held by the Bible Students for some 30 years. Brother Russell did not reject their view, but he personally avoided making such an application of the text, emphasizing his opposition to the idea of a clergy class commissioned to teach God’s Word in contrast to a lay class that was not thus commissioned. The understanding expressed by Brother Russell in 1881 that the faithful and wise servant was in reality a collective servant, made up of all the members of the spirit-anointed body of Christ on earth, was reaffirmed in The Watch Tower of February 15, 1927.—Compare Isaiah 43:10.
How did Brother Russell view his own role? Did he claim some special revelation from God? In the Watch Tower of July 15, 1906 (page 229), Russell humbly replied: “No, dear friends, I claim nothing of superiority, nor supernatural power, dignity or authority; nor do I aspire to exalt myself in the estimation of my brethren of the household of faith, except in the sense that the Master urged it, saying, ‘Let him who would be great among you be your servant.’ (Matt. 20:27.) . . . The truths I present, as God’s mouthpiece, were not revealed in visions or dreams, nor by God’s audible voice, nor all at once, but gradually . . . Neither is this clear unfolding of truth due to any human ingenuity or acuteness of perception, but to the simple fact that God’s due time has come; and if I did not speak, and no other agent could be found, the very stones would cry out.”
It was to Jehovah as their Grand Instructor that readers of the Watch Tower were encouraged to look, even as all of Jehovah’s Witnesses are today. (Isa. 30:20) This was strongly emphasized in The Watchtower of November 1, 1931, in the article “Taught of God,” which stated: “The Watchtower recognizes the truth as belonging to Jehovah, and not to any creature. The Watchtower is not the instrument of any man or set of men, nor is it published according to the whims of men. . . . Jehovah God is the great Teacher of his children. To be sure, the publication of these truths is put forth by imperfect men, and for this reason they are not absolutely perfect in form; but they are put forth in such form as reflects God’s truth that he teaches his children.”
In the first century, when questions as to doctrine or procedure arose, these were referred to a central governing body made up of spiritually older men. Decisions were made after considering what the inspired Scriptures said as well as evidence of activity that was in harmony with those Scriptures and that was prospering as a result of the operation of the holy spirit. The decisions were conveyed in writing to the congregations. (Acts 15:1–16:5) That same procedure is in operation among Jehovah’s Witnesses today.
Spiritual instruction is provided by means of magazine articles, books, convention programs, and outlines for congregation discourses—all of which are prepared under the direction of the Governing Body of the faithful and discreet slave. Their output clearly demonstrates that what Jesus foretold is true today—that he does, indeed, have a faithful and discreet slave class that is loyally teaching ‘all the things that he commanded’; that this agency is “on the watch,” alert to events in fulfillment of Bible prophecy and particularly with regard to Christ’s presence; that it is helping God-fearing people to understand what is involved in ‘observing’ the things commanded by Jesus and thus proving that they truly are his disciples.—Matt. 24:42; 28:20; John 8:31, 32.
Progressively, over the years, practices that might have the effect of drawing undue attention to certain humans in connection with the preparation of spiritual food have been eliminated. Down till the death of C. T. Russell, his name as editor was listed in nearly every issue of the Watch Tower. Names or initials of others who contributed material often appeared at the end of articles they prepared. Then, starting with the issue of December 1, 1916, instead of showing the name of one man as editor, The Watch Tower listed the names of an editorial committee. In the issue of October 15, 1931, even this list was removed, and Isaiah 54:13 took its place. As quoted from the American Standard Version, it reads: “And all thy children shall be taught of Jehovah; and great shall be the peace of thy children.” Since 1942 it has been the general rule that literature published by the Watch Tower Society does not draw attention to any individual as the writer.a Under the supervision of the Governing Body, dedicated Christians in North and South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and islands of the sea have had a part in preparing such material for use by congregations of Jehovah’s Witnesses worldwide. But all credit is given to Jehovah God.
The Light Shines More and More
As reflected in their modern-day history, the experience of Jehovah’s Witnesses has been like that described at Proverbs 4:18: “The path of the righteous ones is like the bright light that is getting lighter and lighter until the day is firmly established.” The shining of the light has been progressive, just as the light of early dawn gives way to sunrise and the full light of a new day. Viewing matters in the light that was available, they have at times had incomplete, even inaccurate, concepts. No matter how hard they tried, they simply could not understand certain prophecies until these began to undergo fulfillment. As Jehovah has shed more light on his Word by means of his spirit, his servants have been humbly willing to make needed adjustments.
Such progressive understanding was not limited to the early period of their modern-day history. It continues right down to the present. For example, in 1962 there was an adjustment of understanding regarding “the superior authorities” of Romans 13:1-7.
For many years the Bible Students had taught that “the higher powers” (KJ) were Jehovah God and Jesus Christ. Why? In The Watch Towers of June 1 and June 15, 1929, a variety of secular laws were cited, and it was shown that what was permitted in one land was forbidden in another. Attention was also drawn to secular laws that required people to do what God prohibited or that forbade what God commanded his servants to do. Because of their earnest desire to show respect for the supreme authority of God, it seemed to the Bible Students that “the higher powers” must be Jehovah God and Jesus Christ. They still obeyed secular laws, but the emphasis was on obedience to God first. That was an important lesson, one that fortified them during the years of world turmoil that followed. But they did not clearly understand what Romans 13:1-7 was saying.
Years later, a careful reanalysis of the scripture was made, along with its context and its meaning in the light of all the rest of the Bible. As a result, in 1962 it was acknowledged that “the superior authorities” are the secular rulers, but with the help of the New World Translation, the principle of relative subjection was clearly discerned.b This did not call for any major change in the attitude of Jehovah’s Witnesses toward the governments of the world, but it did correct their understanding of an important portion of the Scriptures. In the process, there was opportunity for the Witnesses individually to consider carefully whether they were truly living up to their responsibilities toward both God and the secular authorities. This clear understanding of “the superior authorities” has served as a protection to Jehovah’s Witnesses, especially in those lands where surges of nationalism and clamoring for greater freedom have resulted in outbreaks of violence and the formation of new governments.
The following year, 1963, an enlarged application of “Babylon the Great” was presented.c (Rev. 17:5) A review of secular and religious history pointed to the conclusion that the influence of ancient Babylon had permeated not only Christendom but every part of the earth. Babylon the Great was thus seen to be the entire world empire of false religion. An awareness of this has enabled Jehovah’s Witnesses to help many more people, from diverse backgrounds, to respond to the Biblical command: “Get out of her, my people.”—Rev. 18:4.
Indeed, the unfolding of events foretold in the entire book of Revelation has provided an abundance of spiritual illumination. In 1917 a study of Revelation was published in the book The Finished Mystery. But “the Lord’s day,” referred to at Revelation 1:10, was just beginning back then; much of what was foretold had not yet occurred and was not clearly understood. However, developments during the years that followed cast greater light on the meaning of that part of the Bible, and these events had a profound effect on the very illuminating study of Revelation that was published in 1930 in the two volumes eninputd Light. During the 1960’s a further update appeared in the books “Babylon the Great Has Fallen!” God’s Kingdom Rules! and “Then Is Finished the Mystery of God.” Two decades later another in-depth study was made of that part of the Bible. The figurative language of Revelation was carefully analyzed in the light of similar expressions in other parts of the Bible. (1 Cor. 2:10-13) Twentieth-century events in fulfillment of the prophecies were reviewed. The results were published in 1988 in the thrilling book Revelation—Its Grand Climax At Hand!
During the early years of their modern-day history, foundations were being laid. Much valuable spiritual food was provided. In recent years a greater diversity of Bible study material has been provided to satisfy the needs of both mature Christians and new students from many backgrounds. Continued study of the Scriptures, along with fulfillment of divine prophecy, has in many instances made it possible to express Bible teachings with greater clarity. Because their study of God’s Word is progressive, Jehovah’s Witnesses have spiritual food in abundance, even as the Scriptures foretold would be true of God’s servants. (Isa. 65:13, 14) Adjustments in viewpoint are never made with a view to becoming more acceptable to the world by adopting its declining moral values. On the contrary, the history of Jehovah’s Witnesses shows that changes are made with a view to adhering even more closely to the Bible, being more like the faithful first-century Christians, and so being more acceptable to God.
Thus, their experience is in harmony with the prayer of the apostle Paul, who wrote to fellow Christians: “We . . . have not ceased praying for you and asking that you may be filled with the accurate knowledge of his will in all wisdom and spiritual comprehension, in order to walk worthily of Jehovah to the end of fully pleasing him as you go on bearing fruit in every good work and increasing in the accurate knowledge of God.”—Col. 1:9, 10.
That increase of accurate knowledge of God also had a bearing on their name—Jehovah’s Witnesses.
[Footnotes]
a Zion’s Watch Tower and Herald of Christ’s Presence, July 15, 1906, pp. 229-31.
b See Insight on the Scriptures, published by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., Volume 2, page 1176.
c For example: (1) By the 16th century, antitrinitarian movements were strong in Europe. For example, Ferenc Dávid (1510-79), a Hungarian, knew and taught that the dogma of the Trinity was not Scriptural. Because of his beliefs, he died in prison. (2) The Minor Reformed Church, which flourished in Poland for about a hundred years during the 16th and 17th centuries, also rejected the Trinity, and adherents of that church spread literature all over Europe, until the Jesuits succeeded in having them banished from Poland. (3) Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727), in England, rejected the doctrine of the Trinity and wrote detailed historical and Scriptural reasons for doing so, but he did not have these published during his lifetime, evidently out of fear of the consequences. (4) Among others in America, Henry Grew exposed the Trinity as unscriptural. In 1824 he dealt with this matter at length in An Examination of the Divine Testimony Concerning the Character of the Son of God.
d See also Studies in the Scriptures, Series V, pages 41-82.
e Thorough discussions of historical and Scriptural evidence bearing on this subject have been published by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society at various times. See “The Word”—Who Is He? According to John (1962), “Things in Which It Is Impossible for God to Lie” (1965), Reasoning From the Scriptures (1985), and Should You Believe in the Trinity? (1989).
f What the Scriptures say regarding the soul is known by Jewish scholars as well as those of Christendom, but it is rarely taught in their places of worship. See New Catholic Encyclopedia (1967), Volume XIII, pages 449-50; The Eerdmans Bible Dictionary (1987), pages 964-5; The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible, edited by G. Buttrick (1962), Volume 1, page 802; The Jewish Encyclopedia (1910), Volume VI, page 564.
g In a more detailed discussion of the subject, in 1955, the booklet What Do the Scriptures Say About “Survival After Death”? pointed out that the Bible record shows that Satan actually encouraged Eve to believe that she would not die in the flesh as a result of ignoring God’s prohibition on eating fruit from “the tree of the knowledge of good and bad.” (Gen. 2:16, 17; 3:4) In time, that obviously proved false, but there were further developments that had their root in that first lie. People adopted the view that an invisible part of man lived on. Following the Flood of Noah’s day, this was fortified by demonic spiritistic practices emanating from Babylon.—Isa. 47:1, 12; Deut. 18:10, 11.
h Barbour claimed to believe in the ransom, that Christ died for us. What he rejected was the idea of “substitution”—that Christ died instead of us, that by his death Christ paid the penalty for sin for Adam’s offspring.
i This was influenced by the belief that the seventh millennium of human history had begun in 1873 and that a period of divine disfavor (of equal length to a former period considered to be one of favor) upon natural Israel would end in 1878. The chronology was flawed because of relying on an inaccurate rendering of Acts 13:20 in the King James Version, belief that there was a transcription error at 1 Kings 6:1, and failure to take into account Biblical synchronisms in the dating of reigns of the kings of Judah and of Israel. A clearer understanding of Biblical chronology was published in 1943, in the book “The Truth Shall Make You Free,” and it was then refined the following year in the book “The Kingdom Is at Hand,” as well as in later publications.
j A magazine published by George Storrs, Brooklyn, New York.
k In 1978, when asked for a statement for the press as to the position of Jehovah’s Witnesses regarding Zionism, the Governing Body said: “Jehovah’s Witnesses continue to take the Biblical stand of being neutral as to all political movements and governments. They are convinced that no human movement will achieve what only God’s heavenly kingdom can accomplish.”
l Sadly, it was only a short time after this that she parted from him because of her own desire for personal prominence.
a In lands where the law requires it, however, a local representative may be named as one responsible for what is published.
b The Watchtower, November 1, November 15, and December 1, 1962.
c The Watchtower, November 15 and December 1, 1963.
[Blurb on page 120]
C. T. Russell freely acknowledged the help that came from others during his early years of Bible study
[Blurb on page 122]
They have personally examined the evidence that the Bible is truly God’s Word
[Blurb on page 123]
The Bible Students discerned that God’s justice is in perfect balance with his wisdom, love, and power
[Blurb on page 127]
Russell saw clearly that hell is not a place of torment after death
[Blurb on page 129]
Most sensible people did not believe the doctrine of hellfire
[Blurb on page 132]
Russell’s firm stand on the ransom had far-reaching effects
[Blurb on page 134]
They could see that 1914 was clearly marked by Bible prophecy
[Blurb on page 136]
Not everything took place as soon as they expected
[Blurb on page 139]
Good news to be proclaimed: God’s Kingdom is already in operation!
[Blurb on page 140]
Was Armageddon to be merely a social revolution?
[Blurb on page 141]
At last, in 1932, the real “Israel of God” was identified
[Blurb on page 143]
“The faithful and discreet slave”—a person or a class?
[Blurb on page 146]
Progressively, practices that might draw undue attention to certain humans have been eliminated
[Blurb on page 148]
Changes made are with a view to adhering even more closely to God’s Word
[Box on page 124]
Making Known the Name of God
◆ Since 1931 the name Jehovah’s Witnesses has been used to designate those who worship and serve Jehovah as the only true God.
◆ Since October 15, 1931, God’s personal name, Jehovah, has appeared on the front cover of each issue of the “Watchtower” magazine.
◆ At a time when God’s personal name was being omitted from most modern translations of the Bible, Jehovah’s Witnesses began to publish, in 1950, the “New World Translation,” which restored the divine name to its rightful place.
◆ In addition to the Bible itself, much other literature has been published by the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society to focus special attention on the divine name—for example, the books “Jehovah” (1934), “Let Your Name Be Sanctified” (1961), and “‘The Nations Shall Know That I Am Jehovah’—How?” (1971), as well as the brochure “The Divine Name That Will Endure Forever” (1984).
[Box on page 126]
‘Shall We Contradict Christ Himself?’
After exposing the unscripturalness and unreasonableness of the doctrine of the Trinity, C. T. Russell expressed righteous indignation when he asked: “Shall we thus contradict the Apostles and Prophets and Jesus Himself, and ignore reason and common sense, in order to hold to a dogma handed to us from the dark, superstitious past, by a corrupt apostate Church? Nay! ‘To the Law and to the testimony! If they speak not according to this Word, it is because there is no light in them.’”—“The Watch Tower,” August 15, 1915.
[Box on page 133]
Progressive Truth
In 1882, C. T. Russell wrote: “The Bible is our only standard, and its teachings our only creed, and recognizing the progressive character of the unfolding of Scriptural truths, we are ready and prepared to add to or modify our creed (faith—belief) as we get increase of light from our Standard.”—“Watch Tower,” April 1882, p. 7.
[Box on page 144, 145]
Beliefs of Jehovah’s Witnesses
◆ The Bible is God’s inspired Word. (2 Tim. 3:16, 17)
What it contains is not mere history or human opinion but the word of God, recorded to benefit us. (2 Pet. 1:21; Rom. 15:4; 1 Cor. 10:11)
◆ Jehovah is the only true God. (Ps. 83:18; Deut. 4:39)
Jehovah is the Creator of all things, and as such, he alone deserves to be worshiped. (Rev. 4:11; Luke 4:8)
Jehovah is the Universal Sovereign, the one to whom we owe full obedience. (Acts 4:24; Dan. 4:17; Acts 5:29)
◆ Jesus Christ is the only-begotten Son of God, the only one created directly by God himself. (1 John 4:9; Col. 1:13-16)
Jesus was the first of God’s creations; thus, before he was conceived and born as a human, Jesus lived in heaven. (Rev. 3:14; John 8:23, 58)
Jesus worships his Father as the only true God; Jesus never claimed equality with God. (John 17:3; 20:17; 14:28)
Jesus gave his perfect human life as a ransom for humankind. His sacrifice makes possible everlasting life for all who truly exercise faith in it. (Mark 10:45; John 3:16, 36)
Jesus was raised from the dead as an immortal spirit person. (1 Pet. 3:18; Rom. 6:9)
Jesus has returned (having directed his attention as King toward the earth) and is now present as a glorious spirit. (Matt. 24:3, 23-27; 25:31-33; John 14:19)
◆ Satan is the invisible “ruler of this world.” (John 12:31; 1 John 5:19)
Originally he was a perfect son of God, but he allowed feelings of self-importance to develop in his heart, craved worship that belonged only to Jehovah, and enticed Adam and Eve to obey him rather than listen to God. Thus he made himself Satan, which means “Adversary.” (John 8:44; Gen. 3:1-5; compare Deuteronomy 32:4, 5; James 1:14, 15; Luke 4:5-7.)
Satan “is misleading the entire inhabited earth”; he and his demons are responsible for increased distress on the earth in this time of the end. (Rev. 12:7-9, 12)
At God’s appointed time, Satan and his demons will be destroyed forever. (Rev. 20:10; 21:8)
◆ God’s Kingdom under Christ will replace all human governments and will become the one government over all humankind. (Dan. 7:13, 14)
The present wicked system of things will be completely destroyed. (Dan. 2:44; Rev. 16:14, 16; Isa. 34:2)
The Kingdom of God will rule with righteousness and will bring real peace to its subjects. (Isa. 9:6, 7; 11:1-5; 32:17; Ps. 85:10-12)
Wicked ones will be cut off forever, and worshipers of Jehovah will enjoy lasting security. (Prov. 2:21, 22; Ps. 37:9-11; Matt. 25:41-46; 2 Thess. 1:6-9; Mic. 4:3-5)
◆ We are living now, since 1914,d in “the time of the end” of this wicked world. (Matt. 24:3-14; 2 Tim. 3:1-5; Dan. 12:4)
During this time period, a witness is being given to all nations; after that will come the end, not of the globe, but of the wicked system and of ungodly people. (Matt. 24:3, 14; 2 Pet. 3:7; Eccl. 1:4)
◆ There is only one road to life; not all religions or religious practices are approved by God. (Matt. 7:13, 14; John 4:23, 24; Eph. 4:4, 5)
True worship emphasizes not ritual and outward show but genuine love for God, shown by obedience to his commandments and by love for one’s fellowman. (Matt. 15:8, 9; 1 John 5:3; 3:10-18; 4:21; John 13:34, 35)
People out of all nations, races, and language groups can serve Jehovah and have his approval. (Acts 10:34, 35; Rev. 7:9-17)
Prayer is to be directed only to Jehovah through Jesus; images are not to be used either as objects of devotion or as aids in worship. (Matt. 6:9; John 14:6, 13, 14; 1 John 5:21; 2 Cor. 5:7; 6:16; Isa. 42:8)
Spiritistic practices must be shunned. (Gal. 5:19-21; Deut. 18:10-12; Rev. 21:8)
There is no clergy-laity distinction among true Christians. (Matt. 20:25-27; 23:8-12)
True Christianity does not include keeping a weekly sabbath or conforming to other requirements of the Mosaic Law in order to gain salvation; doing so would be a rejection of Christ, who fulfilled the Law. (Gal. 5:4; Rom. 10:4; Col. 2:13-17)
Those who practice true worship do not engage in interfaith. (2 Cor. 6:14-17; Rev. 18:4)
All who are truly disciples of Jesus get baptized by complete immersion. (Matt. 28:19, 20; Mark 1:9, 10; Acts 8:36-38)
All who follow Jesus’ example and obey his commandments bear witness to others about the Kingdom of God. (Luke 4:43; 8:1; Matt. 10:7; 24:14)
◆ Death is a result of inheritance of sin from Adam. (Rom. 5:12; 6:23)
At death, it is the soul itself that dies. (Ezek. 18:4)
The dead are conscious of nothing. (Ps. 146:4; Eccl. 9:5, 10)
Hell (Sheol, Hades) is mankind’s common grave. (Job 14:13, “Dy”; Rev. 20:13, 14, “KJ,” margin)
The ‘lake of fire’ to which the incorrigibly wicked are consigned signifies, as the Bible itself says, “second death,” death forever. (Rev. 21:8)
Resurrection is the hope for the dead and for those who have lost loved ones in death. (1 Cor. 15:20-22; John 5:28, 29; compare John 11:25, 26, 38-44; Mark 5:35-42.)
Death due to Adamic sin will be no more. (1 Cor. 15:26; Isa. 25:8; Rev. 21:4)
◆ A “little flock,” only 144,000, go to heaven. (Luke 12:32; Rev. 14:1, 3)
These are the ones who are “born again” as spiritual sons of God. (John 3:3; 1 Pet. 1:3, 4)
God selects these out of all peoples and nations to rule as kings with Christ in the Kingdom. (Rev. 5:9, 10; 20:6)
◆ Others who have God’s approval will live forever on earth. (Ps. 37:29; Matt. 5:5; 2 Pet. 3:13)
Earth will never be destroyed or depopulated. (Ps. 104:5; Isa. 45:18)
In harmony with God’s original purpose, all the earth will become a paradise. (Gen. 1:27, 28; 2:8, 9; Luke 23:42, 43)
There will be suitable homes and an abundance of food for the enjoyment of everyone. (Isa. 65:21-23; Ps. 72:16)
Sickness, all kinds of disability, and death itself will become things of the past. (Rev. 21:3, 4; Isa. 35:5, 6)
◆ Secular authorities are to be treated with due respect. (Rom. 13:1-7; Titus 3:1, 2)
True Christians do not share in rebellion against governmental authority. (Prov. 24:21, 22; Rom. 13:1)
They obey all laws that do not conflict with the law of God, but obedience to God comes first. (Acts 5:29)
They imitate Jesus in remaining neutral as to the world’s political affairs. (Matt. 22:15-21; John 6:15)
◆ Christians must conform to Bible standards regarding blood as well as sexual morality. (Acts 15:28, 29)
Taking blood into the body through mouth or veins violates God’s law. (Gen. 9:3-6; Acts 15:19, 20)
Christians are to be morally clean; fornication, adultery, and homosexuality must have no place in their lives, neither should drunkenness or drug abuse. (1 Cor. 6:9-11; 2 Cor. 7:1)
◆ Personal honesty and faithfulness in caring for marital and family responsibilities are important for Christians. (1 Tim. 5:8; Col. 3:18-21; Heb. 13:4)
Dishonesty in speech or in business, as well as playing the hypocrite, are not consistent with being a Christian. (Prov. 6:16-19; Eph. 4:25; Matt. 6:5; Ps. 26:4)
◆ Acceptable worship of Jehovah requires that we love him above all else. (Luke 10:27; Deut. 5:9)
Doing Jehovah’s will, thus bringing honor to his name, is the most important thing in the life of a true Christian. (John 4:34; Col. 3:23; 1 Pet. 2:12)
While doing good to all persons as they are able, Christians recognize a special obligation toward fellow servants of God; so their help in times of illness and disaster is directed especially toward these. (Gal. 6:10; 1 John 3:16-18)
Love of God requires of true Christians not only that they obey his commandment to love their neighbor but also that they not love the immoral and materialistic way of life of the world. True Christians are no part of the world and so refrain from joining in activities that would identify them as sharing its spirit. (Rom. 13:8, 9; 1 John 2:15-17; John 15:19; Jas. 4:4)
[Footnote]
d For details, see the book “Let Your Kingdom Come.”
[Picture on page 121]
C. T. Russell began to publish “Zion’s Watch Tower” in 1879, when he was 27 years old
[Pictures on page 125]
Sir Isaac Newton and Henry Grew were among those who had earlier rejected the Trinity as unscriptural
[Pictures on page 128]
In public debate, Russell argued that the dead are really dead, not alive with the angels nor with demons in a place of despair
Carnegie Hall, Allegheny, Pennsylvania—where the debate was held
[Picture on page 130]
Russell traveled to cities both large and small to tell the truth about hell
[Picture on page 131]
When Frederick Franz, a university student, learned the truth about the condition of the dead, he completely changed his goals in life
[Picture on page 135]
1914 as the end of the Gentile Times was given wide publicity by the Bible Students, as in this I.B.S.A. tract distributed during 1914
[Pictures on page 137]
In 1931, using the most extensive radio network that had ever been on the air, J. F. Rutherford showed that only God’s Kingdom can bring lasting relief to humankind
The discourse “The Kingdom, the Hope of the World,” was broadcast by 163 stations simultaneously and was repeated by another 340 stations later
[Pictures on page 142]
A. H. Macmillan was sent by ship to Palestine in 1925 because of special interest in the role of the Jews in connection with Bible prophecy |
A GOVERNMENT THAT WILL MEET THE CHALLENGE
“Of . . . Peace There Shall Be No End” | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102019008 | A GOVERNMENT THAT WILL MEET THE CHALLENGE
“Of . . . Peace There Shall Be No End”
The United Nations is promoting the concept of “global citizenship.” Goals include encouraging international cooperation, respecting human rights, and protecting our planet. The reason? As expressed by Maher Nasser in the UN Chronicle, “climate change, organized crime, rising inequalities, unresolved conflicts, mass displacement of people, global terrorism, infectious diseases, and similar threats do not recognize . . . borders.”
Others have gone even further, advocating a world government. They include the Italian philosopher, poet, and statesman Dante (1265-1321) and the physicist Albert Einstein (1879-1955). Dante believed that peace could not last in a politically divided world. A “kingdom divided against itself comes to ruin,” he said, quoting Jesus Christ.—Luke 11:17.
Shortly after World War II, which saw the use of two atomic bombs, Albert Einstein wrote an open letter to the General Assembly of the United Nations. “The United Nations,” he said, “must act with utmost speed to create the necessary conditions for international security by laying the foundations for a real world government.”
But could the politicians who would make up such a powerful government be immune to corruption, incompetence, and oppression? Or would they be just as prone to those dark traits as others have been? These questions call to mind the words of British historian Lord Acton, who said: “Power tends to corrupt and absolute power corrupts absolutely.”
Even so, if the human family is to enjoy true peace and harmony, we have to be united. But how can that goal be achieved? Is it even realistic? The Bible’s answer is yes. It can and will be achieved. How? Not by a world government made up of corruptible politicians. Rather, it will be by a government of God’s making. What is more, that government will express his right to rule over his creation. What is that government? The Bible even gives it a name—“the Kingdom of God,” or God’s Kingdom.—Luke 4:43.
“LET YOUR KINGDOM COME”
Jesus Christ had God’s Kingdom in mind when he said in his model prayer: “Let your Kingdom come. Let your will take place . . . on earth.” (Matthew 6:9, 10) Yes, God’s Kingdom will ensure that God’s will is done on earth, not the will of power-hungry or selfish humans.
God’s Kingdom is also called “the Kingdom of the heavens.” (Matthew 5:3) The reason? While it will rule over the earth, it will not rule from the earth but will rule from heaven. Think what that means. This world government will not require material or financial support. What a relief that will be for its human subjects!
As the term “kingdom” suggests, God’s Kingdom is a royal government. It has a King—Jesus Christ—who received his authority from God. Concerning Jesus, the Bible says:
“The government shall be upon his shoulder . . . Of the increase of his government and peace there shall be no end.”—Isaiah 9:6, 7, King James Version.
“To him there were given rulership, honor, and a kingdom, that the peoples, nations, and language groups should all serve him. His rulership . . . will not pass away.”—Daniel 7:14.
“The kingdom of the world has become the Kingdom of our Lord [God] and of his Christ.”—Revelation 11:15.
In fulfillment of Jesus’ model prayer, God’s Kingdom will fully accomplish God’s will on earth. Under it, all mankind will learn how to care for the planet so that it will be healthy again and teem with life.
Above all, God’s Kingdom will educate its subjects. All will be taught the same standards. There will be no discord or division. “They will not cause any harm or any ruin . . . because the earth will certainly be filled with the knowledge of Jehovah as the waters cover the sea,” says Isaiah 11:9.
Earth’s inhabitants will truly be what the United Nations would like people to be—peace-loving global citizens. “They will find exquisite delight in the abundance of peace,” says Psalm 37:11. In time, words like “crime,” “pollution,” “poverty,” and “war” will disappear from our vocabulary. But when will this happen? Yes, when will God’s Kingdom take charge? How will it do so? And how can you benefit from its rule? Let us now see.
KEY POINT
GOD’S KINGDOM IS A WORLD GOVERNMENT CREATED BY GOD. ITS SUBJECTS WILL NOT BE SEPARATED BY POLITICAL BORDERS BUT WILL BE FULLY UNITED AND AT PEACE
THEY PROMOTED THE IDEA OF A WORLD GOVERNMENT
Dante believed that peace could not last in a politically divided world
Einstein called upon the United Nations to “create the necessary conditions for international security by laying the foundations for a real world government” |
Examining the Scriptures—2018
2017 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/examining-the-scriptures/examining-the-scriptures-2018 | October
Monday, October 1
He satisfies the desire of those who fear him; he hears their cry for help, and he rescues them.—Ps. 145:19.
Jehovah is “the God who supplies endurance and comfort.” (Rom. 15:5) He alone fully understands not only the problems we face but also the way our environment, emotions, and even our genetic makeup affect us. He is thus the best one to equip us to endure. How will God answer our prayers for strength to endure? When we ask Jehovah to help us cope with trials, he will “make the way out.” (1 Cor. 10:13) Does Jehovah maneuver matters to remove the trial? Perhaps. Often, however, he makes the way out “so that [we] may be able to endure it.” Yes, Jehovah strengthens us so that we “may endure fully with patience and joy.” (Col. 1:11) And since he knows our physical, mental, and emotional limits so intimately, Jehovah will never allow a situation to develop to a point that we cannot remain faithful. w16.04 2:5, 6
Tuesday, October 2
Pay back, therefore, Caesar’s things to Caesar, but God’s things to God.—Matt. 22:21.
God’s Word tells us to be obedient to human governments, yet it also teaches that we must obey God rather than men. (Acts 5:29; Titus 3:1) Is this a contradiction? Not at all! The principle of relative subjection helps us to understand and obey these commands. Jesus summarized this principle when he said the words of today’s text. We submit to the authority of the government under which we live by obeying its laws, respecting its officials, and paying the taxes it levies. (Rom. 13:7) However, if government authorities tell us to disobey God, we respectfully refuse to comply. We remain neutral in the world’s political affairs. (Isa. 2:4) Thus, we do not oppose human governments that Jehovah allows to function; nor do we promote patriotic or nationalistic activity. (Rom. 13:1, 2) We do not lobby, vote in political elections, run for government office, or try to change governments. w16.04 4:1, 2
Wednesday, October 3
Let him be to you just as a man of the nations.—Matt. 18:17.
Most differences between Christians can and should be resolved privately by the individuals concerned. However, Jesus noted that some situations might require congregation involvement. (Matt. 18:15-17) What would be the outcome if an offender refused to listen to his brother, to witnesses, and to the congregation? He should be treated “just as a man of the nations and as a tax collector.” Today, we would say that he should be disfellowshipped. The seriousness of this step indicates that the “sin” was not a small disagreement. Rather, it was (1) a sin that could be settled between the individuals concerned but it was also (2) a sin serious enough to merit disfellowshipping if not settled. Such sins might involve a measure of fraud or might include damaging a person’s reputation through slander. The three steps Jesus outlined, as recorded at Matthew 18:15-17, are applicable only where these conditions exist. w16.05 1:14
Thursday, October 4
Keep perceiving what the will of Jehovah is.—Eph. 5:17.
There are numerous situations for which the Bible provides no specific command. For example, the Scriptures do not contain detailed rules regarding what kind of clothing is appropriate attire for Christians. How does this reflect Jehovah’s wisdom? Styles and customs vary not only in different parts of the world but also from one decade to the next. If the Bible had provided a list of acceptable styles of dress and grooming, it would now be out-of-date in that regard. For similar reasons, God’s inspired Word does not provide a lot of rules designed to govern a Christian’s choice of employment, health care, and entertainment. What should we do in situations that do not involve a direct Bible command? Under such circumstances, it is our personal responsibility to examine the details and make a choice that is guided, not by mere personal preference, but by what Jehovah will approve of and bless.—Ps. 37:5. w16.05 3:2, 6
Friday, October 5
You accepted it not as the word of men but, just as it truthfully is, as the word of God.—1 Thess. 2:13.
No doubt all of us have our favorite portions of the Bible. Some especially enjoy the Gospels, which paint a beautiful picture of Jehovah’s personality as reflected in his Son. (John 14:9) Others are fond of parts of the Bible containing prophecy—perhaps Revelation, with its preview of “the things that must shortly take place.” (Rev. 1:1) And who among us has not found comfort in the Psalms or drawn practical lessons from the book of Proverbs? The Bible truly is a book for everyone. Because we love the Bible, we also love our Bible-based publications. For instance, we appreciate the spiritual food we receive in the form of books, brochures, magazines, and other literature. We know that these provisions from Jehovah help us to stay spiritually alert, well-fed, and “healthy in faith.”—Titus 2:2. w16.05 5:1-3
Saturday, October 6
The fruitage of the spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faith, mildness, self-control. Against such things there is no law.—Gal. 5:22, 23.
Holy spirit is able to mold us in a number of ways. For instance, it can help us to develop a Christlike personality, which is characterized by the fruitage of God’s spirit. An aspect of that fruitage is love. We love God and want to obey him and be molded by him, recognizing that his commandments are not burdensome. Holy spirit can also give us the strength to resist the molding influence of the world and its bad spirit. (Eph. 2:2) The apostle Paul, who as a young man was deeply influenced by the proud spirit of Jewish religious leaders, could later write: “For all things I have the strength through the one who gives me power.” (Phil. 4:13) So let us, like Paul, keep on asking for holy spirit. Jehovah will not ignore the sincere petitions of the meek.—Ps. 10:17. w16.06 1:12
Sunday, October 7
You are worthy, Jehovah our God, to receive the glory and the honor.—Rev. 4:11.
To have Jehovah as our one and only God, we should give him our exclusive devotion. Our worship of him cannot be divided or shared with any other gods nor tinged with ideas or practices from other forms of worship. We must bear in mind that Jehovah is not just one among many gods; nor is he even the highest and most powerful among them. Only Jehovah is to be worshipped. To give Jehovah exclusive devotion, we must be careful not to allow anything to take, or even to share, the place in our life that Jehovah alone should occupy. What might such things be? In the Ten Commandments, Jehovah made clear that his people must have no other gods besides him and that they must not practice any form of idolatry. (Deut. 5:6-10) Today, idolatry can take many forms, some of which might be hard to recognize. But Jehovah’s requirements have not changed—he is still “one Jehovah.”—Mark 12:29. w16.06 3:10, 12
Monday, October 8
If you forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you.—Matt. 6:14.
When Peter asked whether we should forgive “up to seven times,” Jesus replied: “I say to you, not up to seven times, but up to 77 times.” Clearly, Jesus meant that we should always be willing to forgive; this should be our first and predominant leaning. (Matt. 6:15; 18:21, 22) It is wise to remember that since we all have faults, we may be offending others. If we discern that we have done so, the Bible’s direction is to go to the one whom we have offended and try to reconcile matters. (Matt. 5:23, 24) We appreciate it when others do not hold our faults against us, so we should act the same way toward them. (1 Cor. 13:5; Col. 3:13) If we practice forgiving others, Jehovah will forgive us. Yes, when it comes to handling the faults of others, the Christian course is to imitate our merciful Father’s dealings with us when we make mistakes.—Ps. 103:12-14. w16.06 4:15, 17
Tuesday, October 9
I am not ashamed of the good news; it is, in fact, God’s power for salvation to everyone having faith.—Rom. 1:16.
In this time of the end, Jehovah’s people have been commissioned to preach “this good news of the Kingdom . . . in all the inhabited earth for a witness to all the nations.” (Matt. 24:14) The message we spread is also “the good news of the undeserved kindness of God” because all the blessings we hope to receive under Kingdom rule come to us through Jehovah’s kindness expressed by means of Christ. (Acts 20:24; Eph. 1:3) Do we individually imitate Paul in showing gratitude for Jehovah’s undeserved kindness by zealously sharing in the ministry? (Rom. 1:14, 15) As sinners, we benefit from Jehovah’s undeserved kindness in many ways. We therefore owe it to all people to do our utmost to make known to them how Jehovah is expressing his love and how they can benefit from it personally. w16.07 4:4, 5
Wednesday, October 10
Keep ready, because at an hour that you do not think likely, the Son of man is coming.—Luke 12:40.
Shortly before his death, Jesus three times warned his disciples about “the ruler of this world.” (John 12:31; 14:30; 16:11) Jesus knew that the Devil would keep people in darkness mentally in order to undermine the sense of urgency that permeates God’s prophecies about the future. (Zeph. 1:14) Satan blinds people’s minds through the world empire of false religion. What have you detected in your conversations with others? Has the Devil not already “blinded the minds of the unbelievers” about the coming end of this system of things and the fact that Christ is now ruling God’s Kingdom? (2 Cor. 4:3-6) For the most part, people are apathetic when we try to tell them where this world is headed. Do not let the apathy of others discourage or dissuade you from keeping on the watch. You know better. w16.07 2:11, 12
Thursday, October 11
Each one of you must love his wife as he does himself; . . . the wife should have deep respect for her husband.—Eph. 5:33.
When a lovely bride appears before her handsome bridegroom on their wedding day, words can hardly describe their joy. God’s Word provides wise advice for all who choose to get married, for the loving Originator of marriage wants each couple to have a good measure of success and happiness in their married life. (Prov. 18:22) Yet, the Scriptures clearly tell us that imperfect humans who get married “will have tribulation in their flesh.” (1 Cor. 7:28) How can such tribulation be kept to a minimum? And what will make Christian marriage a success? The Bible emphasizes the importance of love. Tender affection (Greek, phi·liʹa) is needed in a marriage. Romantic love (eʹros) brings delight, and love for family (stor·geʹ) is vital when children enter the picture. However, it is love based on principle (a·gaʹpe) that ensures the success of a marriage. w16.08 2:1, 2
Friday, October 12
Pay constant attention to yourself and to your teaching.—1 Tim. 4:16.
Timothy was already an experienced Kingdom proclaimer. Yet, his ministry would be effective only if he would “pay constant attention” to his teaching. He could not take for granted that people would respond to his usual approach. To continue reaching their hearts, he had to adapt his teaching methods to their needs. As Kingdom proclaimers, we need to do the same. We often find that people are not at home when we preach from door to door. In some areas, we cannot enter certain apartment buildings and gated communities. If that is true in your territory, why not consider different ways to preach the good news? Public witnessing is one excellent method of spreading the good news. Many Witnesses are having a very effective and rewarding share in such work. They set aside time to approach people at train and bus stations, in marketplaces and parks, and in other public areas. w16.08 3:14-16
Saturday, October 13
Strengthen the hands that hang down and the feeble knees.—Heb. 12:12.
Jehovah gives us a worldwide brotherhood of caring worshippers who can offer us encouragement. (Heb. 12:12, 13) Many in the first century received that sort of spiritual strengthening. It is similar today. What can we do? Think of how Aaron and Hur literally supported Moses’ hands during a battle. (Ex. 17:8-13) We can look for ways to support and to give practical aid to others. To whom? To those battling the effects of old age, health limitations, opposition from their family, loneliness, or the loss of a loved one. We can also strengthen young ones who are facing pressure to share in wrongdoing or to seek “success” in this system of things, whether academically, financially, or professionally. (1 Thess. 3:1-3; 5:11, 14) Look for ways to show genuine interest in others at the Kingdom Hall, in the ministry, while enjoying a meal together, or as you converse on the telephone. w16.09 1:13, 14
Sunday, October 14
Do all things for God’s glory.—1 Cor. 10:31.
We owe it to our holy God, to our spiritual brothers and sisters, as well as to the people in our territory to wear clothing that dignifies the message we bear and that brings glory to Jehovah. (Rom. 13:8-10) This is especially so when we are engaging in Christian activities, such as when we attend meetings or when we share in the preaching work. We should dress “in the way that is proper for [people] professing devotion to God.” (1 Tim. 2:10) Of course, some clothing that is appropriate in one place may not be appropriate in another. Hence, Jehovah’s people throughout the world take local customs into account so as not to cause offense. When we attend assemblies and conventions, our dress needs to be appropriate and modest rather than reflect the extreme styles that may be common in the world. Thus we will be proud to identify ourselves as Jehovah’s Witnesses. Yes, and we will feel free to give a witness as we have an opportunity. w16.09 3:7, 8
Monday, October 15
Every house is constructed by someone, but the one who constructed all things is God.—Heb. 3:4.
Paul’s logic is very reasonable and effective! Yes, complex designs are the product of an intelligent mind. You can use the same basic reasoning when you talk with someone who has doubts about the Bible. Find out what he actually believes and what topics may interest him. (Prov. 18:13) If he is interested in scientific things, he might respond when you mention points that show the Bible’s scientific accuracy. Other people might be moved by examples showing that the Bible contains accurate prophecies and accurate history. Or you might point out the Bible’s guiding principles, such as those found in the Sermon on the Mount. Remember, your goal should be to win hearts, not arguments. So be a good listener. Ask sincere questions, and express yourself with mildness and respect, especially when you talk with older ones. They will likely be more inclined to respect your views. w16.09 4:14-16
Tuesday, October 16
Welcome one another.—Rom. 15:7.
To help others from a foreign background feel at home in the congregation, honestly ask yourself, ‘If I were in a foreign country, how would I want to be treated?’ (Matt. 7:12) Be patient with those who are adjusting to a new country. At first, we may not fully understand their way of thinking or reacting. But rather than expect them to embrace our culture, why not accept them just the way they are? If we learn about their homeland and culture, we may find it easier to interact with them. We might include time in our family worship to do research on peoples we are not acquainted with in our congregation or territory. Another way to draw closer to those from another background is to invite them for a meal in our home. Since Jehovah has “opened to the nations the door to faith,” could we not open our own door to strangers who are “related to us in the faith”?—Acts 14:27; Gal. 6:10; Job 31:32. w16.10 1:15, 16
Wednesday, October 17
Consider closely the one who has endured such hostile speech from sinners.—Heb. 12:3.
After describing various men and women of faith, Paul highlighted the most outstanding example of all—our Lord Jesus Christ. “For the joy that was set before him,” states Hebrews 12:2, “he endured a torture stake, despising shame, and has sat down at the right hand of the throne of God.” Indeed, we should “consider closely” Jesus’ example of faith in the face of the severest of trials. Like Jesus, early Christian martyrs, such as the disciple Antipas, refused to compromise their integrity. (Rev. 2:13) They would have the reward of a resurrection to heavenly life—surpassing the “better resurrection” that ancient men of faith looked forward to. (Heb. 11:35) Sometime after the Kingdom’s birth in 1914, all such faithful anointed ones, who were sleeping in death, were raised to spirit life in heaven to share with Jesus in his rulership over mankind.—Rev. 20:4. w16.10 3:12
Thursday, October 18
Keep on encouraging one another each day.—Heb. 3:13.
Some parents do not commend their children because their own parents never gave them any encouragement. Many employees are not being commended, so they complain that there is a chronic shortage of encouragement in the workplace. Encouragement often involves commending a person for something he or she did well. We can also be encouraging by reassuring others that they have good qualities or by speaking “consolingly to those who are discouraged.” (1 Thess. 5:14, ftn.) The Greek word usually translated “encouragement” literally means “a calling to one’s side.” As we serve alongside our brothers and sisters, we likely have opportunities to say something encouraging. (Eccl. 4:9, 10) Do we use suitable occasions to let others know why we love and appreciate them? Before answering that question, we would do well to think about this proverb: “A word spoken at the right time—how good it is!”—Prov. 15:23. w16.11 1:3-5
Friday, October 19
Look! How good and how pleasant it is for brothers to dwell together in unity!—Ps. 133:1.
Foretelling the future condition of his people, God declared: “In unity I will place them, like sheep in the pen.” (Mic. 2:12) Moreover, Jehovah foretold through the prophet Zephaniah: “I will change the language of the peoples to a pure language [of Scriptural truth], so that all of them may call on the name of Jehovah, to serve him shoulder to shoulder [or, “worship him in unity,” ftn.].” (Zeph. 3:9) How grateful we are to have the privilege of worshipping Jehovah in unity! It is clear that the inspired counsel in God’s own Book helped first-century Christians in Corinth and elsewhere to maintain cleanness, peace, and unity in their congregations. (1 Cor. 1:10; Eph. 4:11-13, ftn.; 1 Pet. 3:8) Today, knowledge of God’s wonderful purposes is being spread throughout the earth as a result of the efforts of those who are part of one united preaching organization. w16.11 2:16, 18
Saturday, October 20
You are . . . “a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for special possession, that you should declare abroad the excellencies” of the One who called you out of darkness.—1 Pet. 2:9.
For the first few centuries of our Common Era, many people could read the Bible in either Greek or Latin. They were thus in a position to compare the teachings of God’s Word with the dogmas of the church. On the basis of what they read in the Bible, some among them rejected the unscriptural creeds of the church, but it was dangerous—even fatal—to express such opinions openly. In time, Bible languages fell into disuse by the masses, and the church opposed efforts to translate God’s Word into the common tongues. Any dissent from what the church taught was severely punished. Faithful anointed servants of God had to meet together in discreet groups—if they could meet at all. The anointed “royal priesthood” could not function in an organized way. Babylon the Great held the people in a viselike grip! w16.11 4:8, 10, 11
Sunday, October 21
Unrighteous people will not inherit God’s Kingdom.—1 Cor. 6:9.
We must certainly avoid choosing to practice the serious sins that some in Corinth had been guilty of. That is vital if we are to say that we have accepted God’s undeserved kindness and that ‘sin is not master over us.’ However, are we also determined to be “obedient from the heart” by doing our best to avoid sins that some would view as less serious? (Rom. 6:14, 17) Think of the apostle Paul. We can be sure that he was not sharing in the gross wrongs mentioned at 1 Corinthians 6:9-11. Nonetheless, he confessed that he was still guilty of sin. He wrote: “I am fleshly, sold under sin. For I do not understand what I am doing. For I do not practice what I wish, but I do what I hate.” (Rom. 7:14, 15) This shows that there were other things that Paul viewed as sins, and he was fighting against those wrongs too. (Rom. 7:21-23) May that also be true of us as we strive to be “obedient from the heart.” w16.12 1:15, 16
Monday, October 22
Throw your burden on Jehovah, and he will sustain you.—Ps. 55:22.
When you are confronted by situations that cause uneasiness, apprehension, or anxiety, pour out your heart to your loving heavenly Father. After you have done all you can to solve a problem, heartfelt prayer will certainly accomplish more than worry. (Ps. 94:18, 19) As shown at Philippians 4:6, 7, Jehovah can respond to our earnest, heartfelt, and persistent supplications. How? By giving us inner calm that can free our mind and heart of disturbing emotions. Many can testify to this, based on their own experience. In place of anxiety, a distressing sense of foreboding, God helped them to gain a profound sense of peace and tranquillity that actually surpassed human understanding. That can be your experience too. Thus “the peace of God” can triumph over any challenge you may face. You can fully trust Jehovah’s compassionate promise: “Do not be anxious, for I am your God. I will fortify you, yes, I will help you.”—Isa. 41:10. w16.12 3:3, 4
Tuesday, October 23
By faith Moses, when grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter.—Heb. 11:24.
Moses turned his back on the treasures of Egypt, “choosing to be mistreated with the people of God rather than to have the temporary enjoyment of sin.” (Heb. 11:25, 26) May we imitate the faith of loyal ancient ones, such as Moses, by treasuring our gift of free will and using it to do God’s will. While it might seem easier to have someone else make decisions for us, doing so would rob us of one of the great blessings of free will. That blessing is revealed at Deuteronomy 30:19, 20. Verse 19 describes the choice that God gave to the Israelites. In verse 20 we learn that Jehovah gave them the precious opportunity to show him what was in their hearts. We too can choose to worship Jehovah. We could have no greater motive than to use God’s gift of free will to express our love for him and to bring him honor and glory! w17.01 2:10, 11
Wednesday, October 24
Trust in Jehovah and do what is good . . . and act with faithfulness.—Ps. 37:3.
Jehovah expects us to put to good use the abilities with which he has endowed us. Why? Because he loves us, and he knows that it brings us satisfaction when we employ these gifts. At the same time, Jehovah knows that humans have limitations. On our own, we can never eliminate imperfection, sin, and death; neither can we control other people, for all have free will. (1 Ki. 8:46) And no matter how much knowledge or experience we gain, we will always be like children in comparison with Jehovah. (Isa. 55:9) In all circumstances, we need to lean on Jehovah for guidance, trusting in him to support us and do for us what we cannot do for ourselves. At the same time, we should do what we can, taking appropriate action to solve problems and help others. In short, we need both ‘to trust in Jehovah and to do what is good’; we need ‘to act with faithfulness.’ w17.01 1:2-4
Thursday, October 25
Cross over with me, and I will supply you with food in Jerusalem.—2 Sam. 19:33.
Barzillai declined the offer. Why? Because of his advanced age, he told David that he did not want to become a burden to the king. So Barzillai recommended that Chimham, presumably one of his sons, take his place. (2 Sam. 19:31-37) Modesty helped Barzillai to make a reasonable decision. He did not turn down David’s invitation because he felt inadequate to shoulder responsibility or because he wanted to enjoy a quiet life in retirement. He simply recognized and accepted his changing circumstances and his limitations. He did not want to take on more than he reasonably could. (Gal. 6:4, 5) If we focus on position, prominence, or recognition, it only provides a breeding ground for egotism, competition, and eventual disappointment. (Gal. 5:26) Modesty, however, helps all to focus their collective abilities and efforts on bringing glory to God and doing what is best to help others.—1 Cor. 10:31. w17.01 4:5, 6
Friday, October 26
God saw everything he had made, and look! it was very good.—Gen. 1:31.
Jehovah is an awe-inspiring Creator. Everything he creates meets the highest standards. (Jer. 10:12) As is evident in creation, Jehovah lovingly set boundaries. He made both natural laws and moral laws to ensure that everything functions harmoniously. (Ps. 19:7-9) Hence, all things in the universe have an assigned place and function according to their role in God’s purpose. Jehovah sets the standard for how his creation should work together. Thus, the law of gravity holds the atmosphere close to the earth, regulates tides and oceans, and contributes to the physical order essential to life on earth. All creation, including humans, moves and functions within these boundaries. Clearly, the order in creation testifies that God has a purpose for earth and mankind. In our ministry, can we draw attention to the Cause of this impressive order?—Rev. 4:11. w17.02 1:4, 5
Saturday, October 27
Moses . . . is the very one God sent as both ruler and deliverer by means of the angel.—Acts 7:35.
After Moses’ time, his successor, Joshua, was strengthened by “the prince of Jehovah’s army” to lead God’s people into battle against the Canaanites. (Josh. 5:13-15; 6:2, 21) Later, King Hezekiah faced an overwhelming force of Assyrian soldiers who threatened to invade Jerusalem. In one night, “the angel of Jehovah went out and struck down 185,000 men.” (2 Ki. 19:35) Of course, while the angels are perfect, the men whom they assisted were not. Moses once failed to sanctify Jehovah. (Num. 20:12) Joshua neglected to seek God’s guidance before concluding a covenant with the Gibeonites. (Josh. 9:14, 15) For a brief period, Hezekiah’s “heart became haughty.” (2 Chron. 32:25, 26) Nevertheless, despite the imperfections of these men, the Israelites were expected to follow their lead. Jehovah was supporting those men with his superhuman agents. Yes, Jehovah was leading his people. w17.02 3:7-9
Sunday, October 28
To the One sitting on the throne and to the Lamb be the blessing and the honor and the glory and the might forever.—Rev. 5:13.
To honor someone means to show him special attention as well as respect. Reasonably, we would expect that a person who is worthy of such attention and respect has done something to merit honor or that he serves in a special position. So we might well ask, Whom should we honor, and why is such honor merited? As Revelation 5:13 indicates, “the One sitting on the throne and . . . the Lamb” surely deserve to be honored. We note in chapter 4 of the same Bible book one reason why Jehovah deserves to be honored. Exalted creatures in the heavenly realm lift their voices in praise to Jehovah, “the One who lives forever and ever.” They declare: “You are worthy, Jehovah our God, to receive the glory and the honor and the power, because you created all things, and because of your will they came into existence and were created.”—Rev. 4:9-11. w17.03 1:1, 2
Monday, October 29
Whoever trusts in his own heart is stupid.—Prov. 28:26.
A popular philosophy or common adage is: Follow your heart. But doing that can be dangerous. And in a sense, doing so is unscriptural. The Bible warns us not to let our imperfect heart or mere sentiment rule when we are making decisions. And Bible accounts show the sad consequences of following one’s heart. The core problem is that in imperfect humans, “the heart is more treacherous than anything else and is desperate.” (Jer. 3:17; 13:10; 17:9; 1 Ki. 11:9) So, what could it mean for us if we simply follow our heart and let our emotions dictate our thinking and actions? For example, what might happen if we make decisions when we are angry? The answer may be obvious if we have done this in times past. (Prov. 14:17; 29:22) Or is it likely that we will make sound decisions when we are discouraged? (Num. 32:6-12; Prov. 24:10) Clearly, we could easily be deceived by our emotions if we allow them to prevail when we are making important decisions. w17.03 2:12, 13
Tuesday, October 30
I have walked before you faithfully and with a complete heart.—2 Ki. 20:3.
Being imperfect, we are prone to make mistakes. Thankfully, though, Jehovah does not deal with us “according to our sins,” provided that we are repentant and in faith approach him humbly on the basis of Jesus’ ransom sacrifice. (Ps. 103:10) Yet, as David told Solomon, for our daily worship to be acceptable to Jehovah, we have to “serve him with a complete heart.” (1 Chron. 28:9) Serving God with “a complete heart” involves full devotion that does not end. In the Bible, the word “heart” usually refers to a man’s inner self. It encompasses his desires, thinking, disposition, attitudes, abilities, motivations, and goals. So a person who serves Jehovah with his whole heart does not just go through the motions of worshipping Jehovah. What about us? Well, if we, though being imperfect humans, continue to be fully devoted to God without hypocrisy, we will be serving God with a complete heart.—2 Chron. 19:9. w17.03 3:1, 3
Wednesday, October 31
[Jehovah] takes note of the humble, but the haughty he knows only from a distance.—Ps. 138:6.
If we have accomplished something worthwhile, could it be that Jehovah is ‘leaving us alone to put us to the test,’ allowing what is in our heart to surface? For example, a brother may have worked hard to prepare a talk and give it before a large audience. Many praise him for what he has done. How will he react to the praise? When praised, we do well to apply Jesus’ words: “When you have done all the things assigned to you, say: ‘We are good-for-nothing slaves. What we have done is what we ought to have done.’” (Luke 17:10) We can learn from Hezekiah’s experience. A haughty attitude surfaced in that he “did not respond appreciatively to the good done to him.” (2 Chron. 32:24-27, 31) Our meditating on how much God has done for us will help us to avoid an attitude that Jehovah hates. We can speak appreciatively of Jehovah who loyally supports his people. w17.03 4:12-14 |
Reasoning (rs)
1989 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/books/reasoning-rs | Independence
Definition: A condition in which a person is not, or claims not to be, dependent on others, not subject to their direction or influence. Being endowed with free will, humans have a natural desire for a measure of independence. Carried too far, however, this desire gives rise to disobedience, even rebellion.
When people cast aside Bible standards, do they really gain freedom?
Rom. 6:16, 23: “Do you not know that if you keep presenting yourselves to anyone as slaves to obey him, you are slaves of him because you obey him, either of sin with death in view or of obedience with righteousness in view? . . . The wages sin pays is death, but the gift God gives is everlasting life by Christ Jesus our Lord.”
Gal. 6:7-9: “Do not be misled: God is not one to be mocked. For whatever a man is sowing, this he will also reap; because he who is sowing with a view to his flesh will reap corruption from his flesh, but he who is sowing with a view to the spirit will reap everlasting life from the spirit. So let us not give up in doing what is fine.”
Sexual morality: “He that practices fornication is sinning against his own body.” (1 Cor. 6:18) “Anyone committing adultery with a woman . . . is bringing his own soul to ruin.” (Prov. 6:32) (Regarding homosexuality, see Romans 1:24-27.) (Illicit sexual relations may, at the moment, seem pleasurable. But they lead to loathsome diseases, unwanted pregnancy, abortion, jealousy, a disturbed conscience, emotional turmoil, and certainly the disapproval of God, upon whom our prospects for future life depend.)
Materialistic pursuits: “Those who are determined to be rich fall into temptation and a snare and many senseless and hurtful desires, which plunge men into destruction and ruin. For the love of money is a root of all sorts of injurious things, and by reaching out for this love some have been led astray from the faith and have stabbed themselves all over with many pains.” (1 Tim. 6:9, 10) “I will say to my soul: ‘Soul, you have many good things laid up for many years; take your ease, eat, drink, enjoy yourself.’ But God said to him, ‘Unreasonable one, this night they are demanding your soul from you. Who, then, is to have the things you stored up?’ So it goes with the man that lays up treasure for himself but is not rich toward God.” (Luke 12:19-21) (Material possessions do not bring lasting happiness. Efforts to gain riches often lead to unhappy families, broken health, spiritual ruin.)
Overindulging in alcohol: “Who has woe? Who has uneasiness? Who has outputions? Who has concern? Who has wounds for no reason? Who has dullness of eyes? Those staying a long time with the wine, those coming in to search out mixed wine. At its end it bites just like a serpent, and it secretes poison just like a viper.” (Prov. 23:29, 30, 32) (Drinking may at first seem to help a person to forget his problems, but it does not solve them. When he sobers up, the problems are still there, often with others added. When overused, alcohol ruins a person’s self-respect, his health, his family life, his relationship with God.)
Drug abuse: See pages 106-112, under “Drugs.”
Bad associations: If a gang were to tell you that they knew how to get plenty of money without a lot of work, would you go with them? “Do not go in the way with them. Hold back your foot from their roadway. For their feet are those that run to sheer badness, and they keep hastening to shed blood.” (Prov. 1:10-19) If a person is not a worshiper of Jehovah, but he does seem to be really nice, would you view him as a suitable friend? Shechem was the son of a Caananite chieftain, and the Bible says he was the “most honorable of the whole house of his father,” but he “took [Dinah] and lay down with her and violated her.” (Gen. 34:1, 2, 19) Should the fact that other people may not believe the truths you have learned from God’s Word make a difference to you? “Do not be misled. Bad associations spoil useful habits.” (1 Cor. 15:33) How would Jehovah feel if you chose as your friends those who do not love him? To a king of Judah who did that, Jehovah’s spokesman said: “For this there is indignation against you from the person of Jehovah.”—2 Chron. 19:1, 2.
Who urged humans to feel free to make their own decisions without regard for God’s commands?
Gen. 3:1-5: “Now the serpent [being used as a mouthpiece by Satan; see Revelation 12:9] . . . began to say to the woman: ‘Is it really so that God said you must not eat from every tree of the garden?’ At this the woman said to the serpent: ‘Of the fruit of the trees of the garden we may eat. But as for eating of the fruit of the tree that is in the middle of the garden, God has said, “You must not eat from it, no, you must not touch it that you do not die.”’ At this the serpent said to the woman: ‘You positively will not die. For God knows that in the very day of your eating from it your eyes are bound to be opened and you are bound to be like God, knowing good and bad.’”
What spirit is moving an individual when he ignores God’s will in order to satisfy personal desires?
Eph. 2:1-3: “It is you God made alive though you were dead in your trespasses and sins, in which you at one time walked according to the system of things of this world [of which Satan is ruler], according to the ruler of the authority of the air, the spirit that now operates in the sons of disobedience. Yes, among them we all at one time conducted ourselves in harmony with the desires of our flesh, doing the things willed by the flesh and the thoughts, and we were naturally children of wrath even as the rest.”
What independent attitudes is it vital for those who profess to be serving God to avoid?
Prov. 16:18: “Pride is before a crash, and a haughty spirit before stumbling.”
Prov. 5:12: “You will have to say: ‘How I have hated discipline and my heart has disrespected even reproof!’” (Such an attitude can lead a person into serious problems, as the context shows.)
Num. 16:3: “So they congregated themselves against Moses and Aaron [whom Jehovah was using as overseers of his people] and said to them: ‘That is enough of you, because the whole assembly are all of them holy and Jehovah is in their midst. Why, then, should you lift yourselves up above the congregation of Jehovah?’”
Jude 16: “These men are murmurers, complainers about their lot in life, proceeding according to their own desires, and their mouths speak swelling things, while they are admiring personalities for the sake of their own benefit.”
3 John 9: “Diotrephes, who likes to have the first place among them, does not receive anything from us with respect.”
Prov. 18:1: “One isolating himself will seek his own selfish longing; against all practical wisdom he will break forth.”
Jas. 4:13-15: “Come, now, you who say: ‘Today or tomorrow we will journey to this city and will spend a year there, and we will engage in business and make profits,’ whereas you do not know what your life will be tomorrow. For you are a mist appearing for a little while and then disappearing. Instead, you ought to say: ‘If Jehovah wills, we shall live and also do this or that.’”
When a person’s desire for independence leads him to imitate the world outside the Christian congregation, under whose control does he come? And how does God view this?
1 John 2:15; 5:19: “Do not be loving either the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him.” “The whole world is lying in the power of the wicked one.”
Jas. 4:4: “Whoever, therefore, wants to be a friend of the world is constituting himself an enemy of God.” |
What Mary’s Example Can Teach Us | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2009001 | What Mary’s Example Can Teach Us
Have you ever felt overwhelmed by an unexpected challenge or responsibility? Do you feel worn down by the daily struggle of making ends meet? Maybe you are among the millions who feel bewildered and afraid because they have had to leave their homeland as refugees. And who of us has not experienced deep pain and emptiness after losing a loved one in death?
DID you know that Mary, the mother of Jesus, faced all those challenges? What is more, she met them successfully! What can we learn from her example?
Mary is certainly known worldwide. And no wonder, for she played a unique role in the outworking of God’s purposes. Moreover, Mary is venerated by many millions of people. The Catholic Church reveres her as a beloved Mother and as a model in faith, hope, and charity. Many have been taught that Mary leads humans to God.
How do you view Jesus’ mother? And more important, how does God view her?
A Unique Assignment
Mary, the daughter of Heli, belonged to the Israelite tribe of Judah. The first mention of her in the Bible is in connection with an extraordinary event. An angel visited her and said: “Good day, highly favored one, Jehovah is with you.” At first, Mary was disturbed and “began to reason out what sort of greeting this might be.” So the angel told her that she had been chosen for the amazing but also extremely serious assignment of conceiving, bearing, and raising God’s Son.—Luke 1:26-33.
What a responsibility was placed on the shoulders of this young, unmarried woman! How did she react? Mary might well have wondered who would believe her story. Might such a pregnancy cost her the love of Joseph, her fiancé, or might it subject her to public shame? (Deuteronomy 22:20-24) She did not hesitate to accept this weighty assignment.
Mary’s strong faith enabled her to submit to the will of her God, Jehovah. She was convinced that he would look after her. She thus exclaimed: “Look! Jehovah’s slave girl! May it take place with me according to your declaration.” Mary was willing to face the challenges that lay ahead because she valued the spiritual privilege she had been offered.—Luke 1:38.
When Mary told Joseph that she was pregnant, he intended to break off their engagement. That must have been a time of great anguish for both of them. The Bible does not say how long this difficult period lasted. However, both Mary and Joseph must have felt extremely relieved when Jehovah’s angel appeared to Joseph. That spirit emissary explained Mary’s extraordinary pregnancy and directed Joseph to take her home as his wife.—Matthew 1:19-24.
Hard Times
Today, many mothers-to-be spend months preparing for the arrival of a baby, and Mary may have done the same. This was to be her first child. Yet, unexpected events complicated her plans. Caesar Augustus decreed a census, requiring all to register in their town of origin. So Joseph took Mary, now in her ninth month of pregnancy, on a journey of about 90 miles [150 km], likely on a donkey’s back! Bethlehem was crowded and Mary needed somewhere private to give birth, but the only place available was a stable. Giving birth in a stable must have been hard for Mary. She may well have been both embarrassed and scared.
In these critical moments of her life, Mary surely poured her heart out to Jehovah, trusting that he would care for her and her baby. Later some shepherds arrived, eager to see the baby. They reported that angels had called this child “a Savior, who is Christ the Lord.” Then we read: “Mary began to preserve all these sayings, drawing conclusions in her heart.” She meditated on these words and drew strength from them.—Luke 2:11, 16-19.
What about us? We are likely to suffer pain in life. Furthermore, the Bible shows that “time and unforeseen occurrence” can befall any of us, throwing all manner of hardships and challenges in our path. (Ecclesiastes 9:11) If that happens, do we turn bitter, blaming God? Would it not be better to imitate Mary’s attitude and draw closer to Jehovah God by learning from his Word, the Bible, and then meditating on what we have learned? Doing so will surely help us to endure trials.
Poor and a Refugee
Mary faced other hardships too—including poverty and a forced flight from her homeland. Have you faced such challenges? According to one report, “half the world—nearly three billion people—live on less than two dollars a day,” and millions more struggle to make ends meet even though they live in so-called wealthy countries. What about you? Does the day-to-day grind of providing your family with food, clothing, and shelter tire you out, even overwhelm you at times?
The Bible indicates that Joseph and Mary were relatively poor. How so? Among the few facts that the Gospels—Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John—reveal about this couple is that 40 days after Mary gave birth, she and Joseph went to the temple to make the required offering—“a pair of turtledoves or two young pigeons.”a (Luke 2:22-24) This sacrifice was allowed only for those who were too poor to offer a young male sheep. Thus, making ends meet was likely a struggle for Joseph and Mary. Even so, they succeeded admirably in creating a loving family environment. Doubtless, spiritual concerns were their priority.—Deuteronomy 6:6, 7.
Not long after Jesus’ birth, Mary’s life was once again turned upside down. An angel told Joseph to take his family and flee to Egypt. (Matthew 2:13-15) This was the second time that Mary had to leave a familiar environment, but this time she had to go to a foreign country. Egypt hosted a large Jewish community, so Mary and Joseph may have been able to live among their own people. Nonetheless, living in a foreign country can be challenging and disorienting. Are you and your family among the many millions who have left their homeland, perhaps for the welfare of their children or to escape danger? If so, you can well understand some of the hardships that Mary may have faced in Egypt.
A Devoted Wife and Mother
Apart from the accounts of the birth and infancy of Jesus, Mary is mentioned little in the Gospels. Yet, we know that Mary and Joseph had at least six other children. You may find this surprising. However, consider what the Gospels say.
Joseph had great respect for Mary’s privilege of bearing God’s Son. Consequently, he refrained from having sexual intercourse with her before Jesus’ birth. Matthew 1:25 states that Joseph “had no intercourse with her until she gave birth to a son.” The word “until” in this verse indicates that after Jesus’ birth, Joseph and Mary had normal sexual relations as husband and wife. The Gospel accounts say that, as a result, Mary had children with Joseph, both sons and daughters. James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas were Jesus’ half brothers. She had at least two daughters. (Matthew 13:55, 56) However, these children were conceived in the usual manner.b
Mary was a spiritually-minded person. Although the Law did not require women to attend the Passover celebration, Mary customarily accompanied Joseph on the annual journey to Jerusalem for the festival. (Luke 2:41) That would have involved a round-trip of nearly 190 miles [300 km] each year—with a growing family! But these trips were doubtless happy family occasions.
Many women today imitate Mary’s fine example. They work hard and selflessly to fulfill their Scriptural obligations. How often these devoted wives show great patience, endurance, and humility! Reflecting on Mary’s attitude helps them keep spiritual matters ahead of their own desire for comfort and pleasure. They know, as Mary doubtless did, that worshipping God together with their husband and children strengthens and unifies the family.
Once when Mary and Joseph were returning from a festival in Jerusalem—probably with several children now—they realized that 12-year-old Jesus was not with them. Can you imagine the distress Mary felt during the frantic three-day search for her son? When she and Joseph finally found him in the temple, Jesus said: “Did you not know that I must be in the house of my Father?” Again, says the account, Mary “carefully kept all these sayings in her heart.” Here is another indication of Mary’s depth of spirituality. She carefully meditated upon all that happened regarding Jesus. Years later, she likely recounted vivid memories concerning this and other events of Jesus’ early life to the Gospel writers.—Luke 2:41-52.
Enduring in the Face of Suffering and Loss
What became of Joseph, Jesus’ adoptive father? After briefly appearing in the description of that one incident from Jesus’ youth, Joseph disappears from the Gospel record. Some take this absence as an indication that Joseph died sometime before Jesus’ ministry began.c In any case, it does seem that Mary was a widow by the end of Jesus’ ministry. At the time of his death, Jesus entrusted his mother to the apostle John. (John 19:26, 27) Jesus would not likely have done so if Joseph were still living.
Mary and Joseph had been through so much together! They were visited by angels, escaped a tyrant, relocated several times, and raised a large family. How many evenings must they have sat together and talked about Jesus, wondering what he would have to face in the future, concerned about whether they were training him and preparing him in the right way? Then suddenly Mary found herself alone.
Have you lost your mate in death? Do you still feel the pain and emptiness such a loss causes, even after many years? No doubt Mary found solace in her faith and in the knowledge that there will be a resurrection.d (John 5:28, 29) Such comforting thoughts, however, did not end Mary’s problems. Like so many single mothers today, she faced the challenge of caring for her children without the help of a husband.
It is reasonable to believe that Jesus took over as the main breadwinner of the family when Joseph died. As Jesus’ brothers grew, they would be able to accept their share of family responsibilities. When Jesus “was about thirty years old,” he left home and commenced his ministry. (Luke 3:23) Most parents have mixed emotions when a grown son or daughter leaves home. So much time, effort, and emotion are invested in children that a huge void may seem to linger when they leave. Have any of your sons or daughters left home to pursue their goals? Are you proud of them, but at the same time, do you sometimes wish they were nearer? Then you can imagine how Mary may have felt when Jesus left home.
Unexpected Trials
Another of Mary’s trials was one she probably never expected. As Jesus preached, many followed him—but not his own brothers. “His brothers were, in fact, not exercising faith in him,” say the Scriptures. (John 7:5) Mary, no doubt, told them what the angel had told her—that Jesus was “God’s Son.” (Luke 1:35) Still, to James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas, Jesus was just their older brother. So Mary found herself in a family with differing religious viewpoints.
Did Mary get discouraged and give up on the situation? Absolutely not! On one occasion when Jesus was preaching in Galilee, he went to a house to eat, and a crowd gathered to listen to him. Whom do we find outside looking for him? Mary and Jesus’ brothers. So when Jesus was near the family home, she followed him and evidently took her other children along with her, maybe hoping that they would change their attitude toward him.—Matthew 12:46, 47.
You may similarly be faced with the challenge of striving to follow Jesus while other members of your family do not want to do so. Do not become downhearted, and do not give up! Many, like Mary, have patiently encouraged family members for years before seeing any real change. Such endurance is precious to God, whether other humans respond or not.—1 Peter 3:1, 2.
The Hardest Challenge
Mary’s last trial, as recorded in the Scriptures, was no doubt the most heart-wrenching. She watched her beloved son die in agony after he was rejected by his people. The death of a child has been described as “the ultimate loss,” “the most devastating death,” whether the child is still young or he is an adult. Just as had been foretold decades earlier, Mary felt as if a sword had been run through her!—Luke 2:34, 35.
Did Mary let this final test destroy her emotionally or let it weaken her faith in Jehovah? No. The next time Mary is mentioned in the Bible record, we find her with Jesus’ disciples, “persisting in prayer” with them. And she was not alone. Her other sons, who by this time had begun to exercise faith in their older brother, were with her. How that must have comforted Mary!e—Acts 1:14.
Mary had a full and satisfying life as a faithful woman, wife, and mother. She had many spiritually rewarding experiences. She overcame many tests and trials. When we face unexpected challenges or when we are anxious over family problems, we can certainly learn from her example of faithful endurance.—Hebrews 10:36.
What though, can be said about Mary as an object of special religious devotion? Does the Bible account of Mary’s unique role justify her being venerated?
[Footnotes]
a One of the birds was offered as a sin offering. (Leviticus 12:6, 8) By presenting it, Mary acknowledged that she, like all other imperfect humans, had inherited the consequences of the sin of Adam, the first human.—Romans 5:12.
b See the box “Did Jesus Have Brothers and Sisters?”
c It has been noted that Joseph’s absence from the record of Jesus’ ministry is remarkable because Jesus’ other family members—his mother, brothers, and sisters—are mentioned. At the wedding feast in Cana, for example, we see Mary actively involved and even taking some initiative, but there is no sign of Joseph. (John 2:1-11) In another incident, we find the people of Christ’s hometown referring to the man Jesus, not as the son of Joseph, but as “the son of Mary.”—Mark 6:3.
d For more information about the Bible’s promise of a resurrection, see chapter 7 of the book What Does the Bible Really Teach? published by Jehovah’s Witnesses.
e See the box “She Had the Courage to Change,” on page 7.
[Box/Picture on page 6]
Did Jesus Have Brothers and Sisters?
Yes, he did. Some theologians have tried to argue their way out of that truth, though the Gospels several times clearly reveal the fact. (Matthew 12:46, 47; 13:54-56; Mark 6:3) However, Bible scholars have noted two things about the theories that Mary bore no other children. One, there is a motive behind such theories—to uphold a doctrine that arose much later, the church teaching that Mary remained a virgin throughout her life. Two, the theories themselves do not hold up under scrutiny.
For example, one such theory suggests that the “brothers” in question were stepbrothers—sons of Joseph by an earlier marriage. This notion lacks substance, for it would actually deny Jesus the legal right of the firstborn to inherit the kingship of David.—2 Samuel 7:12, 13.
Another theory is that these brothers were actually cousins of Jesus, although the Greek Scriptures use distinct words for “brother,” “cousin,” and “relative.” Thus, scholar Frank E. Gaebelein calls these theological theories farfetched. He concludes: “The most natural way to understand ‘brothers’ . . . is that the term refers to sons of Mary and Joseph and thus to brothers of Jesus on his mother’s side.”
[Box on page 7]
She Had the Courage to Change
Mary was born into a Jewish family, and she followed the Jewish religion. She attended the local synagogue, as the Jewish place of worship is called, and she visited the temple in Jerusalem. As Mary’s knowledge of God’s purposes grew, however, she came to see that the traditions of her fathers no longer had God’s approval. Jewish religious leaders had her Son, the Messiah, put to death. Before that happened, Jesus announced to them: “Look! Your house is abandoned to you.” (Matthew 23:38) God withdrew his blessing from the religious system in which Mary had been raised.—Galatians 2:15, 16.
When the Christian congregation was formed, Mary may have been about 50 or so. What would she do? Did she reason that she had been born into the Jewish religious system and that she wanted to remain loyal to the traditions of her forefathers? Did she say that she was too old to change? Of course not! Mary understood that God’s blessing was now with the Christian congregation, so she had the faith and courage to change.
[Picture on page 5]
Fleeing to Egypt as refugees
[Picture on page 8]
The worst experience a mother can go through |
Learn From the Bible (lfb)
2017 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/lfb | Introduction to Section 9
This section teaches us about young people, prophets, and kings who displayed remarkable faith in Jehovah. In Syria, a little Israelite girl had faith that Jehovah’s prophet would heal Naaman. The prophet Elisha had complete confidence that Jehovah would protect him from an enemy army. High Priest Jehoiada risked his life to protect young Jehoash from his wicked grandmother, Athaliah. King Hezekiah trusted that Jehovah would rescue Jerusalem, and he did not give in to the Assyrian threat. King Josiah erased idolatry from the land, restored the temple, and led the nation back to true worship.
KEY LESSONS
You are never too young to witness about Jehovah
When we do what is right, Jehovah promises to be with us
Like Jonah, learn to follow Jehovah’s instructions and not to complain when things don’t go your way |
God’s Kingdom Has Approached (ka)
1973 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ka | Gain Further Benefit From Your Bible Study
The Watch Tower Society publishes many aids to help you gain added benefit from your Bible study.
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures
LARGE-PRINT EDITION: Excellent maps, illuminating footnotes, a helpful appendix. Hard black cover, 1,376 pages; size: 7 1/2ʺ × 9 1/2ʺ × 1 1/2ʺ. English only $5.00
REGULAR EDITION: Bound in green vinyl; 1,472 pages; size: 7 1/4ʺ × 4 7/8ʺ × 1 1/8ʺ. Available in English, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Dutch and German $1.00
DELUXE EDITION: Same as regular, but with a black flexible cover and gold-edged pages. English only $3.00
THE KINGDOM INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION OF THE GREEK SCRIPTURES: A volume to help you discern the flavor and literal meaning of the Christian Greek Scriptures. Has a word-for-word English translation under the Greek Bible text. In the right-hand column appears the “New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures,” Matthew through Revelation. 1,184 pages $2.00
Other Aids
COMPREHENSIVE CONCORDANCE OF THE NEW WORLD TRANSLATION OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURES: 1,280 pages $5.00
THE EMPHATIC DIAGLOTT: Greek text of the Christian Scriptures with English interlinear and a modern English translation by Benjamin Wilson. 924 pages $2.00
THE BIBLE IN LIVING ENGLISH: A translation by the late Steven T. Byington. Large print, marginal notes $6.00
AMERICAN STANDARD VERSION: This is the Watchtower edition of the “American Standard Version” of 1901 $1.00
AUTHORIZED (KING JAMES) VERSION: The Bible text is that of the “King James Version,” unchanged, with marginal references $1.00
AID TO BIBLE UNDERSTANDING: A new Bible dictionary that gives you excellent help in acquiring understanding of the Holy Scriptures. Covers Bible subjects from A to Z. 1,700 pages $7.00
To order, see addresses on the last page. |
Young People Ask, Volume 2 (yp2)
2008 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/yp2 | CHAPTER 23
What if My Parent Is Addicted to Drugs or Alcohol?
“Dad said he’d be away working on the van, but we hadn’t heard from him all day. Mom tried calling him on the phone. No answer. A little while later, I noticed that Mom had a worried look on her face and that she was getting ready to leave. ‘I’m going to check on your dad,’ she told me.
“Later, Mom returned—alone. ‘Dad wasn’t there, was he?’ I asked. ‘No,’ she replied.
“At that moment I knew that Dad was up to his old tricks. It was just like the last time. You see, my dad’s a drug addict. And by the time he came home, my Mom and I were nervous wrecks. I basically ignored him all the next day—which I feel absolutely horrible about.”—Karen, 14.
MILLIONS of youths endure the daily turmoil of living with a parent who’s hooked on drugs or alcohol. If one of your parents is enslaved to such an addiction, he or she may embarrass, frustrate, and even anger you.
Mary, for example, was raised by a dad who seemed to be a nice person when in public. But he was a closet alcoholic, and at home he subjected his family to profanity and abuse. “People would come up to us children and tell us what a wonderful father we had and how fortunate we were,” Mary recalls bitterly.a
If one of your parents is addicted to alcohol or drugs, how can you cope?
Behind the Addiction
First of all, it helps to gain some insight into your parent’s problem. “A man of understanding is the one who acquires skillful direction,” says Proverbs 1:5. So it would be good for you to learn something about what addiction is, who gets addicted to alcohol or drugs, and why.
For instance, an alcoholic isn’t simply someone who overdrinks on occasion. On the contrary, he has a chronic drinking disorder.b He’s preoccupied—even obsessed—with alcohol and cannot control his consumption of it once he starts drinking. His addiction causes painful problems affecting his family, work, and health.
While certain people may be physically prone to alcohol addiction, emotional factors also appear to be involved. In fact, many alcoholics often harbor negative feelings about themselves. (Proverbs 14:13) Some of them, in fact, grew up in families where their own parents were alcoholics. For such people, drinking may numb the pain of childhood emotional scars. The same factors might be involved when a person is addicted to drugs.
Of course, drinking or taking drugs only compounds a person’s problems; his thinking and emotions now become even more warped. That’s why your parent may need considerable help from a trained professional to break free from his addiction.
Modifying Your Expectations
Granted, understanding why your parent behaves so badly doesn’t make the problem disappear. Still, having some insight into his addiction might allow you to view your parent with a measure of compassion.
For example, would you expect a parent with a broken leg to play a game of soccer with you? What if you knew that the injury was the result of your parent’s own foolish actions? No doubt, you’d be disappointed. Nevertheless, you would realize that until the injury heals, your parent’s ability to play ball with you would be severely limited. Grasping that fact would help you to adjust your expectations.
Similarly, an alcoholic parent or one who is addicted to drugs is emotionally and mentally crippled. True, the “injury” is self-inflicted. And you may rightly resent your parent’s foolish conduct. However, until your parent seeks help to heal his addiction, he’ll be severely limited in his ability to care for you. Viewing his addiction as an incapacitating injury may help you to modify your expectations.
What You Can Do
The fact remains that until your parent straightens out his life, you must live with the consequences of his behavior. In the meantime, what can you do about it?
Don’t take responsibility for your parent’s addiction. Your parent—and your parent alone—is responsible for his addiction. “Each one will carry his own load,” says Galatians 6:5. It’s not your job, then, to cure your parent, nor are you obliged to shield him from the consequences of his addiction. For example, you don’t have to lie for him to his boss or drag him off the front porch when he’s fallen into a drunken stupor there.
Encourage your parent to get help. Your parent’s biggest problem may be admitting that he has a problem. When he’s sober and calm, perhaps the nonaddicted parent along with the older siblings can tell him how his behavior is affecting the family and what he needs to do about it.
In addition, your addicted parent might do well to write down the answers to the following questions: What will happen to me and my family if I keep drinking or taking drugs? What will happen if I give up my habit? What must I do to get help?
If trouble is brewing, leave the scene. “Before the quarrel has burst forth, take your leave,” says Proverbs 17:14. Don’t put yourself at risk by getting in the middle of a quarrel. If possible, retire to your room or go to a friend’s house. When the threat of violence exists, outside help may be needed.
Acknowledge your feelings. Some youths feel guilty because they resent an addicted parent. It’s only normal to feel a degree of resentment, especially if your parent’s addiction prevents him from giving you the love and support you need. True, the Bible obligates you to honor your parent. (Ephesians 6:2, 3) But “honor” means to respect his authority, in much the same way as you are to respect that of a police officer or a judge. It doesn’t mean that you approve of your parent’s addiction. (Romans 12:9) Nor are you a bad person because you’re repulsed by his drinking or drug abuse; after all, substance abuse is repulsive!—Proverbs 23:29-35.
Find upbuilding association. When life at home is chaotic, you can lose sight of what’s normal. It’s important, therefore, that you enjoy the association of people who are spiritually and emotionally healthy. Members of the Christian congregation can provide much nurturing and support as well as an occasional break from family stress. (Proverbs 17:17) Association with Christian families can give you a healthy model of family life to counteract the distorted model you observe at home.
Seek help for yourself. Having a mature, trusted adult with whom you can share your feelings really helps. Congregation elders are willing to help you when you need them. The Bible says that these men can be “like a hiding place from the wind and a place of concealment from the rainstorm, like streams of water in a waterless country, like the shadow of a heavy crag in an exhausted land.” (Isaiah 32:2) So don’t be afraid or ashamed to go to them for comfort and advice.
Write here which of the above six steps you will try to apply first. ․․․․․
You may not be able to change the situation at home, but you can change the way you’re affected by it. Rather than trying to control your parent, focus on the one person you can control—you. “Keep working out your own salvation,” wrote the apostle Paul. (Philippians 2:12) Doing so will help you maintain a positive outlook, and it might even prod your parent to seek help for his addiction.
IN OUR NEXT CHAPTERWhat if your parents seem to argue all the time? How can you cope with the emotional turmoil?
[Footnotes]
a If you’re being mistreated by an alcoholic parent, you would do well to seek help. Confide in an adult you trust. If you’re one of Jehovah’s Witnesses, you could approach a congregation elder or another mature Christian.
b Although we refer to the alcoholic or addict as a male, the principles discussed also apply to females.
KEY SCRIPTURE
“The insight of a man certainly slows down his anger.”—Proverbs 19:11.
TIP
Rather than hate your parent, develop a healthy hatred of your parent’s wrongdoing.—Proverbs 8:13; Jude 23.
DID YOU KNOW . . . ?
In the Bible “honor” can simply mean recognizing legitimate authority. (Ephesians 6:1, 2) Hence, honoring a parent doesn’t require that you always approve of his course of behavior.
ACTION PLAN!
If my parent becomes verbally or physically abusive, I will ․․․․․
I can encourage my parent to get help by ․․․․․
What I would like to ask my parent(s) about this subject is ․․․․․
WHAT DO YOU THINK?
● What causes some people to become addicted to alcohol or drugs?
● Why are you not responsible for your parent’s addiction?
● What aspects of your situation can you control, and how can you do so?
[Blurb on page 192]
“I know that I may still have to face embarrassment from my parents in the future, but I also know that if I rely on Jehovah, he will give me strength to endure.”—Maxwell
[Box on page 198]
If a Parent Stops Serving Jehovah
If one of your parents stops living by Bible standards—perhaps even makes known that he no longer wants to be part of the Christian congregation—what can you do?
● Realize that Jehovah doesn’t hold you accountable for your parent’s conduct. The Bible states: “Each of us will render an account for himself to God.”—Romans 14:12.
● Avoid the tendency to compare yourself with other youths whose circumstances are better. (Galatians 5:26) One young man whose father abandoned his family says, “Rather than dwelling on such thoughts, it is more helpful to concentrate on ways of coping with the situation.”
● Continue to show respect for a wayward parent, and if his orders don’t conflict with God’s standards, obey them. Jehovah’s command that children honor their parents isn’t dependent on whether the parent is a believer. (Ephesians 6:1-3) When you honor and obey your parents despite their failings, you prove your love for Jehovah.—1 John 5:3.
● Associate closely with the Christian congregation. There you can find the comfort of a large spiritual family. (Mark 10:30) A young man named David feared that members of the congregation might avoid him and others in his family because his father had stopped serving Jehovah. But David found that his fears were unjustified. “We weren’t made to feel like outcasts,” he says. “This convinced me that the congregation really cared.”
[Picture on page 194]
Viewing your parent’s addiction as an incapacitating injury can help you to adjust your expectations |
COVER SUBJECT | DOES DEATH END IT ALL?
The Sting of Death | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/2014002 | COVER SUBJECT | DOES DEATH END IT ALL?
The Sting of Death
Death is an uncomfortable subject. Many people prefer not to talk about it. But sooner or later, we must confront it. And the sting of death is sharp and painful.
Nothing can fully prepare us for the loss of a parent, a spouse, or a child. A tragedy may strike unexpectedly or unfold relentlessly. Whatever the case, the pain of death cannot be eluded, and its finality can be devastating.
Antonio, who lost his father in a road accident, explains: “It is like somebody sealing up your house and taking away the keys. You cannot return home, even for a moment. You are left with only your memories. This is the new reality. Although you try to deny it—since it seems so unfair—there is nothing you can do.”
When faced with a similar loss, Dorothy, who became a widow at the age of 47, resolved to find some answers. As a Sunday-school teacher, she never felt that death ended it all. But she had no clear answers. “What happens to us when we die?” she asked her Anglican minister. “No one really knows,” he replied. “We will just have to wait and see.”
Are we condemned merely to “wait and see”? Is there any way we can know for sure whether death ends it all? |
Examining the Scriptures—2017
2016 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/examining-the-scriptures/examining-the-scriptures-2017 | March
Wednesday, March 1
You do not know what your life will be like tomorrow.—Jas. 4:14.
Forward-looking elders share in a timely fashion with younger brothers the experience they have acquired during their years of faithful service. (Ps. 71:17, 18) Elders who train others are a blessing to the flock. They strengthen the congregation’s defenses. How? The efforts of elders to train others result in more brothers who will be ready to help the congregation to stand firm and united, not only now but especially when turbulent times come during the great tribulation. (Ezek. 38:10-12; Mic. 5:5, 6) Therefore, dear elders, we appeal to you to make training a regular feature of your ministry today. Of course, we understand that the time you spend on caring for important congregation activities may already make you feel stretched to the limit. Hence, you may need to take some of that time and use it for training. (Eccl. 3:1) Doing so would be a wise investment. w15 4/15 1:8-10
Thursday, March 2
Your own ears will hear a word behind you saying, “This is the way. Walk in it.”—Isa. 30:21.
You no doubt agree that the Bible contains God’s message for mankind in general. But does the Bible also convey how you in particular can draw closer to Jehovah? Indeed it does. How? As you regularly read and study the Bible, consider your response to what it says and give thought to how you can apply it to your circumstances; then you are allowing Jehovah to talk to you through his Word. This draws you into a closer relationship with him. (Heb. 4:12; Jas. 1:23-25) For example, read and meditate on Jesus’ words to “stop storing up for yourselves treasures on the earth.” If you feel that you are already focusing your life on Kingdom interests, you sense Jehovah’s commendation. On the other hand, if you see a need to simplify your life and to focus more on Kingdom interests, Jehovah has alerted you to an area where you can work at drawing closer to him.—Matt. 6:19, 20. w15 4/15 3:3-5
Friday, March 3
The Lord stood near me and infused power into me, so that through me the preaching might be fully accomplished and all the nations might hear it; and I was rescued from the lion’s mouth.—2 Tim. 4:17.
As we, like Paul, busy ourselves in the preaching work, we trust that Jehovah will see to it that all other necessary things “will be added” to us. (Matt. 6:33) As Kingdom preachers, we have been “entrusted with the good news,” and we are considered by Jehovah to be his “fellow workers.” (1 Thess. 2:4; 1 Cor. 3:9) By being as active as possible in God’s work, we will find it easier to wait for relief. Let us, then, use the present time to strengthen our relationship with God. If any situation makes us anxious, use it to draw closer to Jehovah. Yes, by being immersed in God’s Word, by praying continually, and by staying absorbed in spiritual activities, let us trust that Jehovah can and will see us through our present circumstances as well as everything else that lies ahead. w15 4/15 4:17, 18
Saturday, March 4
What is the source of the wars and fights among you?—Jas. 4:1.
Pride can disrupt the peace of a congregation. Deep-seated feelings of animosity and superiority can affect our speech and actions, causing untold pain to others. (Prov. 12:18) If we personally have a tendency to feel superior to others, we need to remember that “everyone proud in heart is detestable to Jehovah.” (Prov. 16:5) We would also do well to examine our view of those who belong to another race, nationality, or culture. If we harbor feelings of racial or national pride, we ignore the fact that God “made out of one man every nation of men.” (Acts 17:26) In that sense, there is just one race because all mankind has a common ancestor, Adam. Therefore, how absurd it is to believe that some races are inherently superior or inferior. Such thinking would suit Satan’s scheme to disrupt our Christian love and unity. (John 13:35) To fight Satan and win, we must resist all forms of improper pride.—Prov. 16:18. w15 5/15 2:8, 9
Sunday, March 5
Become imitators of God.—Eph. 5:1.
Undoubtedly, we rejoice that God has promised immortality in heaven to faithful anointed ones and everlasting life on earth to Jesus’ loyal “other sheep.” (John 10:16; 17:3; 1 Cor. 15:53) Of course, neither immortal life in heaven nor eternal life on earth will be plagued by the suffering common today. Jehovah is aware of the pain we experience, even as he knew how the Israelites suffered as slaves in Egypt. Indeed, “during all their distress it was distressing to him.” (Isa. 63:9) Centuries later, the Jews were afraid because of enemy opposition to the rebuilding of the temple, but God said: “Whoever touches you touches the pupil of my eye.” (Zech. 2:8) Just as a mother has tender feelings for her baby, Jehovah is moved to act lovingly in behalf of his people. (Isa. 49:15) In a sense, Jehovah can put himself in the place of others, and he has given us that ability.—Ps. 103:13, 14. w15 5/15 4:2
Monday, March 6
You always have the poor with you.—Matt. 26:11.
Did Jesus mean that there would always be poor people on the earth? No, he meant that there would be poor people as long as this corrupt system of things lasts. Today the basic needs of hundreds of millions of people go unmet because of unjust human rule. Yet, relief is in sight! (Ps. 72:16) Jesus’ miracles give us confidence in his ability and his desire soon to use his authority for our good. (Matt. 14:14-21) Though we cannot perform miracles, we can enthusiastically draw people’s attention to God’s inspired Word. Bible prophecies guarantee better times ahead. As dedicated Witnesses of Jehovah who possess this precious knowledge about the future, do we not sense that we have a debt toward others? (Rom. 1:14, 15) May meditating on this move us to tell others the good news of God’s Kingdom.—Ps. 45:1; 49:3. w15 6/15 1:7, 10, 11
Tuesday, March 7
Cleanse your hands, . . . and purify your hearts.—Jas. 4:8.
When we treasure our friendship with Jehovah, we strive to please him in every aspect of our life, including our thoughts. We desire to have “a pure heart” by focusing our minds on what is chaste, virtuous, and praiseworthy. (Ps. 24:3, 4; 51:6; Phil. 4:8) Granted, Jehovah makes allowances for our imperfect nature. He knows that we are prone to improper desires. But we recognize that it saddens him when we nurture wrong thoughts instead of doing all we can to reject them. (Gen. 6:5, 6) Reflecting on this fact makes us ever more determined to keep our thoughts chaste. An important way to show our complete reliance on Jehovah is by making our fight against unclean thoughts a matter of prayer. When we draw close to Jehovah in prayer, he draws close to us. He generously gives us his holy spirit, thus strengthening our resolve to resist immoral thoughts and remain chaste. w15 6/15 3:4, 5
Wednesday, March 8
Give us today our bread for this day.—Matt. 6:11.
Notice that this is a personal request not purely for “my” bread for the day but for “our” bread for the day. Victor, a circuit overseer in Africa, explains: “I often sincerely thank Jehovah that my wife and I don’t have to be seriously concerned about where our next meal will come from, nor do we have to worry about who will pay the rent. Our brothers kindly look after us every day. But I do pray that those helping us will manage to handle the economic pressures they face.” If we have sufficient food for many days, we can think of brothers who live in poverty or who are affected by disasters. We should not only pray for them but also act in harmony with our prayers. For example, we can share what we have with fellow worshippers in need. We can also regularly contribute to the worldwide work, knowing that such funds are used wisely.—1 John 3:17. w15 6/15 5:4-6
Thursday, March 9
God is our God forever and ever. He will guide us forevermore.—Ps. 48:14.
A marvelous work of transformation in connection with the earthly part of Jehovah’s organization was foretold at Isaiah 60:17. Those who are young or comparatively new in the truth have read about the evidences of this transformation or have heard about it from others. But how privileged the brothers and sisters are who have personally experienced it! No wonder they are convinced that by means of his enthroned King, Jehovah is guiding and directing His organization! They know that their confidence is well-founded, a confidence all of us share. Hearing their heartfelt expressions will fortify your faith and strengthen your trust in Jehovah. Regardless of how long we have been in the truth, we must tell others about Jehovah’s organization. The existence of a spiritual paradise in the midst of a wicked, corrupt, and loveless world is a modern-day miracle! w15 7/15 1:12, 13
Friday, March 10
They gathered them together to the place that is called in Hebrew Armageddon.—Rev. 16:16.
The war of Armageddon will lead to the magnifying of Jehovah’s holy name. At that time, all goatlike ones “will depart into everlasting cutting-off.” (Matt. 25:31-33, 46) The earth will finally be cleansed of all wickedness, and the great crowd will pass through the final part of the great tribulation. With these exciting events ahead of us, what should each of us now be doing? The apostle Peter was inspired to write: “Since all these things are to be dissolved in this way, consider what sort of people you ought to be in holy acts of conduct and deeds of godly devotion, as you await and keep close in mind the presence of the day of Jehovah . . . Therefore, beloved ones, since you are awaiting these things, do your utmost to be found finally by him spotless and unblemished and in peace.” (2 Pet. 3:11, 12, 14) Let us, then, be resolved to remain spiritually clean, supporting the King of Peace. w15 7/15 2:17, 18
Saturday, March 11
Unless Jehovah builds the house, it is in vain that its builders work hard on it.—Ps. 127:1.
Jehovah’s organization goes to tremendous lengths to provide and help finance modest Kingdom Halls. The work of designing, building, and remodeling them is handled by unpaid volunteers. Since November 1, 1999, more than 28,000 beautiful new centers of pure worship have been provided for congregations worldwide. That means that for 15 years, on average, five new Kingdom Halls have been provided every day of the year. Efforts are being made to support the construction of Kingdom Halls wherever they are needed. This loving provision is based on the Scriptural principle that the surplus of some might offset the deficiency of others, in order that “there may be an equalizing.” (2 Cor. 8:13-15) As a result, beautiful new centers of pure worship have been provided for congregations that would otherwise never have had the financial resources to build a Kingdom Hall for themselves. w15 7/15 4:9-11
Sunday, March 12
Keep in expectation of it!—Hab. 2:3.
For the composite sign of Christ’s presence to serve its purpose, the fulfillment of it would have to be obvious enough to command the attention of those who have been obeying Jesus’ counsel to “keep on the watch.” (Matt. 24:27, 42) And that has been the case since 1914. From that time onward, the features of the sign have been undergoing fulfillment. Clearly, we are now living in “the conclusion of the system of things”—a limited period of time leading up to and including the destruction of this wicked system. (Matt. 24:3) Why, then, should Christians today keep in expectation? Out of obedience to Jesus Christ, we remain in expectation. Also, we recognize the sign of his presence. Our expectations are based, not on a naive readiness to believe anything, but on solid Scriptural evidence that compels us to remain vigilant, awake, watchful and, yes, in expectation of this wicked system’s end. w15 8/15 2:8, 9
Monday, March 13
You . . . satisfy the desire of every living thing.—Ps. 145:16.
Personal interests and pleasures will have their place in God’s new world. After all, why did Jehovah create us with a hunger for personal accomplishment and wholesome pleasures if he did not intend to have us satisfy these desires to the full? (Eccl. 2:24) In this and other ways, Jehovah will always “satisfy the desire of every living thing.” Recreation and relaxation have their place, but the pleasure derived from them is increased when we put our relationship with Jehovah first. It will also be that way in the earthly Paradise. How wise it is for us to learn to keep personal interests in their proper place while we seek first the Kingdom and focus on the spiritual blessings now available to Jehovah’s people! (Matt. 6:33) In the coming Paradise, we will attain happiness on a level that we have never before experienced. May we show the intensity of our desire for the real life by preparing for it now. w15 8/15 3:17, 18
Tuesday, March 14
Put on the new personality that was created according to God’s will in true righteousness and loyalty.—Eph. 4:24.
During his life on earth as a perfect man, Jesus was surrounded by imperfect humans. He was raised by imperfect parents, and he spent years at home with imperfect relatives. Even his closest followers were influenced by the ambitious, manipulative spirit common around them. For example, on the evening before Jesus was executed, there “arose a heated dispute among them over which one of them was considered to be the greatest.” (Luke 22:24) But Jesus was confident that his imperfect followers could grow spiritually and form a united congregation. That same evening, Jesus prayed for the loving unity of his apostles, asking his heavenly Father: “May [they] all be one, just as you, Father, are in union with me and I am in union with you, that they also may be in union with us, . . . in order that they may be one just as we are one.”—John 17:21, 22. w15 9/15 1:10, 11
Wednesday, March 15
He said: “Come!” So Peter got out of the boat and walked over the waters and went toward Jesus.—Matt. 14:29.
The wind and waves surrounding Peter as he walked on the water might be compared to the trials and temptations we face in our life of dedication to God. Even when these are severe, we can stand firm with Jehovah’s support. Recall that Peter did not sink because of a gust of wind or a big wave. Think back on the sequence of events: “Looking at the windstorm, he became afraid.” (Matt. 14:24-32) Peter lost his focus on Jesus, and then his faith wavered. We could begin to sink if we were to begin “looking at the windstorm,” focusing on its power and doubting that Jehovah will support us. We should take seriously the possibility that our faith could diminish, for the Bible refers to a weakening of faith or loss of faith as “the sin that easily entangles us.” (Heb. 12:1) As Peter’s experience shows, our faith can quickly weaken if we focus on the wrong things. w15 9/15 3:1, 6, 7
Thursday, March 16
Every good gift and every perfect present is from above, coming down from the Father of the celestial lights.—Jas. 1:17.
When you receive a gift, what do you do? Most likely you show your appreciation in some way. In addition, you will likely make good use of the gift, not taking it for granted. Jehovah unfailingly provides what we need to live and to be happy. Does that not move us to want to love him in return? The Israelites lived under Jehovah’s loving care for hundreds of years and were bountifully blessed by him, in both material and spiritual ways. (Deut. 4:7, 8) Their continuing to receive such blessings, however, was contingent on their obeying God’s Law, which included regularly offering to Jehovah “the best of the first ripe fruits” of the land. (Ex. 23:19) The Israelites would thus demonstrate that they did not take for granted Jehovah’s love and blessings.—Deut. 8:7-11. w15 9/15 5:5, 6
Friday, March 17
Happy are the pure in heart, since they will see God.—Matt. 5:8.
How might we see Jehovah’s hand in our lives? Consider: Perhaps you feel that the way you received the truth was clearly at God’s direction. Have you ever attended Christian meetings, heard a part, and said: “That was just what I needed”? Or you may have experienced an answer to a prayer. Maybe you decided to expand your ministry and were amazed at how Jehovah helped to work things out for you. Or have you ever experienced leaving a job for spiritual reasons and then seen the truth of God’s promise: “I will never abandon you”? (Heb. 13:5) By being spiritually alert and “pure in heart,” we can discern how Jehovah has helped us in many ways. How can we be “pure in heart”? We must be clean on the inside and stop any wrong conduct. (2 Cor. 4:2) As we cultivate stronger spirituality and manifest upright conduct, we put ourselves among those who can see God. w15 10/15 1:17, 19
Saturday, March 18
If anyone would minister to me, the Father will honor him.—John 12:26.
Among the crowds in Jerusalem were some Greek proselytes who evidently were so impressed with Jesus that they asked the apostle Philip to arrange a meeting with him. Jesus, however, refused to be distracted from the more important matters that lay ahead. He certainly did not want to try to gain popularity in order to avoid a sacrificial death at the hands of God’s enemies. So after explaining that he would soon die, he said to Andrew and Philip: “Whoever is fond of his life destroys it, but whoever hates his life in this world will safeguard it for everlasting life.” Rather than satisfy the curiosity of those Greeks, he recommended following his self-sacrificing course and said the words of today’s text. No doubt, Philip carried this positive message back to the inquirers. (John 12:20-25) Though Jesus refused to be distracted from his main purpose of preaching the good news, he was not always thinking about work. w15 10/15 3:13, 14
Sunday, March 19
All those for whom I have affection, I reprove and discipline.—Rev. 3:19.
Although Jesus’ disciples repeatedly argued about who was the greatest among them, Jesus did not give up on them. He also did not ignore it when they failed to respond to his counsel. Lovingly and mildly, Jesus reproved them at a suitable time and place. (Mark 9:33-37) Show your love for your children by disciplining them. It is sometimes enough to explain why a certain course is right or wrong. At other times, a child may fail to apply what you say. (Prov. 22:15) When that happens, imitate Jesus. At a fitting time and place, discipline your child lovingly and mildly through patient guidance, training, and correction. “My parents never disciplined me in anger or without explaining why I was being disciplined,” says Elaine, a sister in South Africa. “As a result, I felt secure. I knew my boundaries, and I understood what was required of me.” w15 11/15 1:5, 6
Monday, March 20
God is love.—1 John 4:16.
Imagine what life would be like if God did not have love for mankind. We merely have to look at the awful history of this world with its human rulerships under its unloving and wrathful god, Satan the Devil. (2 Cor. 4:4; 1 John 5:19; Rev. 12:9, 12) This shows us how horrible the future would be if the universe were to function without the operation of God’s love. When rebelling against Jehovah’s rule, the Devil challenged the rightfulness and righteousness of God’s universal sovereignty. In effect, Satan claimed that his rule would be better than that of the Creator. (Gen. 3:1-5) Though Jehovah permitted Satan to try to prove his side of the issue, such permission was temporary. In his great wisdom, Jehovah has allowed enough time to pass to expose very clearly the inadequacy of any rule other than his. The miserable record of mankind shows that neither humans nor Satan can provide what we need in the way of good rulership. w15 11/15 3:3, 4
Tuesday, March 21
Make a defense . . . with a mild temper and deep respect.—1 Pet. 3:15.
By maintaining a humble attitude, Jehovah’s people obey an important principle given by Jesus. In his Sermon on the Mount, he declared: “You heard that it was said: ‘You must love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ However, I say to you: Continue to love your enemies and to pray for those who persecute you, so that you may prove yourselves sons of your Father who is in the heavens, since he makes his sun rise on both the wicked and the good and makes it rain on both the righteous and the unrighteous.” (Matt. 5:43-45) Yes, as God’s servants, we must learn to ‘love our enemies,’ regardless of their attitude toward us. In all areas of life, Jehovah’s people must show by their attitude and actions that they love Jehovah and their neighbor. For instance, even if some do not respond favorably to the Kingdom message, we show neighbor love when they are in need. w15 11/15 4:17, 19, 20
Wednesday, March 22
They understood the words that had been made known to them.—Neh. 8:12.
God’s people have always used their ability to speak—to use language—to praise Jehovah and to make his will known to others. In recent times, a significant way to promote pure worship by the use of language has been through Bible translation. There are thousands of Bible translations, but they vary in how faithfully they convey the message from the original texts. In the 1940’s, the New World Bible Translation Committee established principles of translation that have been followed in over 130 languages. These are: (1) Sanctify God’s name by restoring it to its rightful place in the Scriptures. (Matt. 6:9) (2) Translate the original inspired message literally where possible, but convey the correct sense when a word-for-word rendering would distort the meaning. (3) Use easy-to-understand language that encourages reading.—Neh. 8:8. w15 12/15 2:1, 2
Thursday, March 23
If the trumpet sounds an indistinct call, who will get ready for battle?—1 Cor. 14:8.
An indistinct trumpet call could be disastrous for an advancing army. In the same way, if our speech is unduly vague or indirect, it may well be confusing or misleading. (1 Cor. 14:9) Of course, in our effort to keep our words crisp and clear, we would not want to be blunt or tactless. Jesus set the finest example of appropriate word selection. Consider his short yet powerful discourse recorded in Matthew chapters 5 through 7. Jesus did not use flowery or ambiguous speech; nor did he employ harsh or hurtful language. Instead, he chose clear, simple expressions to reach the hearts of his listeners. For example, to allay the people’s anxieties over their daily need for food, he referred to how Jehovah provides for the birds of heaven. Then, comparing his hearers to birds, he asked: “Are you not worth more than they are?” (Matt. 6:26) What a loving appeal in simple, understandable words that touch the heart! w15 12/15 3:13, 14
Friday, March 24
Let your brotherly love continue.—Heb. 13:1.
What does it mean for us to show brotherly love? The Greek term used by Paul, phi·la·del·phiʹa, literally means “affection for a brother.” Brotherly love is the type of affection that involves a strong, warm, personal attachment, such as to a family member or a close friend. (John 11:36) We do not pretend to be brothers and sisters—we are brothers and sisters. (Matt. 23:8) Our strong feeling of attachment to one another is summed up nicely in these words: “In brotherly love have tender affection for one another. In showing honor to one another, take the lead.” (Rom. 12:10) Combined with principled love, a·gaʹpe, this type of love promotes close companionship among God’s people. Christianity embraces all believers, no matter what their nationality. (Rom. 10:12) As brothers, we have been taught by Jehovah to have brotherly affection for one another.—1 Thess. 4:9. w16.01 1:5, 6
Saturday, March 25
The love the Christ has compels us.—2 Cor. 5:14.
Our love for Jesus moves us to work whole-souled in the preaching and disciple-making work. (Matt. 28:19, 20; Luke 4:43) During the Memorial season, we will have the opportunity to serve as an auxiliary pioneer and spend 30 or 50 hours in the preaching work. Could you arrange your circumstances to do so? One 84-year-old widower did not feel that he could auxiliary pioneer because of his age and poor health. Nonetheless, the pioneers in his area rallied to his aid. They provided transportation and carefully chose territory that he could work, so that he could meet his 30-hour goal. Could you reach out and help someone share in the joy of auxiliary pioneering during the Memorial season? Of course, not all of us may be able to auxiliary pioneer. Even so, we can use whatever time and energy we have to increase our sacrifice of praise to Jehovah. w16.01 2:7, 11
Sunday, March 26
We want to go with you, for we have heard that God is with you people.—Zech. 8:23.
If it is not possible to know with certainty the names of all spiritual Israelites on earth today, how can members of the other sheep “go with” them? Notice what the prophecy in Zechariah states concerning the figurative ten men. These ones would “take firm hold of the robe of a Jew, saying: ‘We want to go with you, for we have heard that God is with you people.’” Although only one Jew is mentioned here, in both instances the pronoun “you” refers to more than one person. This spiritual Jew must, then, be a composite person, not just one individual! So it is not necessary to identify every spiritual Jew and then go with him or her. Rather, we need to identify these ones as a group and then support them as such. In no way do the Scriptures encourage us to follow an individual. Jesus is our Leader.—Matt. 23:10. w16.01 4:4
Monday, March 27
You, O Israel, are my servant, you, O Jacob, whom I have chosen, the offspring of Abraham my friend.—Isa. 41:8.
From the cradle to the grave, our greatest need is love. Humans do need and crave love—and not just the romantic kind. We hunger for friendship and connection with others. But there is one kind of love that we need more than any other—Jehovah’s love. Many find it hard to imagine that humans could acquire a close, loving friendship with Almighty God. Do we share such skepticism? Far from it! The Bible shows that imperfect humans have become friends with God. Their examples are worth contemplating, for building such a friendship is the most worthwhile goal we could pursue in life. An outstanding example of a man who cultivated such a friendship was Abraham. (Jas. 2:23) How did Abraham draw so close to Jehovah? A key ingredient in that friendship was faith. In fact, the Bible calls Abraham “the father of all those having faith.”—Rom. 4:11. w16.02 1:1, 2
Tuesday, March 28
There was no one like him.—2 Ki. 18:5.
Although Hezekiah was the son of one of Judah’s worst kings, he grew up to be one of the very best. (2 Ki. 18:6) Hezekiah set about righting the terrible wrongs that his father had committed. He did so by cleansing the temple, atoning for the people’s sins, and destroying pagan idols in a vigorous and far-reaching campaign. (2 Chron. 29:1-11, 18-24; 31:1) When he faced daunting challenges, such as the threat of attack on Jerusalem by the Assyrian king Sennacherib, Hezekiah showed profound courage and faith. He relied on God for salvation and strengthened his people by word and example. (2 Chron. 32:7, 8) Later, when Hezekiah needed correction for showing a haughty attitude, he humbled himself and repented. (2 Chron. 32:24-26) Clearly, Hezekiah did not let his past ruin his present or deprive him of a future. Rather, he showed that he was Jehovah’s friend and a fine example to imitate. w16.02 2:11
Wednesday, March 29
If a man takes a false step before he is aware of it, you who have spiritual qualifications try to readjust such a man in a spirit of mildness.—Gal. 6:1.
Kindness can help you to deal with a conflict of loyalties. For example, you may have definite knowledge that a certain fellow believer is guilty of serious misconduct. You may feel loyal to him, especially if he is a close friend or a relative. But if you were to cover up the wrongdoing, you would be disloyal to God. Of course, your loyalty to Jehovah should come first. Be kind yet firm. Urge your friend or relative to seek the help of the elders. If he or she does not do so within a reasonable period of time, loyalty to God should move you to report the matter to the elders. In doing this, you are being loyal to Jehovah and kind to your friend or relative, for Christian elders will try to readjust such an individual with mildness.—Lev. 5:1. w16.02 4:14
Thursday, March 30
Consider what sort of people you ought to be in holy acts of conduct and deeds of godly devotion.—2 Pet. 3:11.
“Deeds of godly devotion” include your activities in the congregation, such as your meeting attendance and participation in the ministry. Also included are spiritual activities that others do not see, such as your private prayers and your personal study. A person who has dedicated his life to Jehovah will not consider these deeds to be chores. Rather, he will reflect the attitude of King David, who said: “To do your will, O my God, is my delight, and your law is deep within me.” (Ps. 40:8) Remember, as a dedicated and baptized Christian, you will stand before Jehovah on your own. Your service to him should not depend on others—not even your parents. Your holy acts of conduct and deeds of godly devotion give evidence that you have made the truth your own and that you are progressing toward baptism. w16.03 2:10, 12, 15
Friday, March 31
Before the faith arrived, we were being guarded under law. . . . So the Law became our guardian leading to Christ.—Gal. 3:23, 24.
The Mosaic Law acted as a protective wall against the degraded moral and religious acts of other nations. When Israel listened to God, the nation received his blessing. When they ignored him, they suffered dire consequences. (Deut. 28:1, 2, 15) Directions were needed for another reason. The Law pointed to an important development as to Jehovah’s will. That was the coming of the Messiah, Jesus Christ. The Law made it clear as never before that the Israelites were imperfect. It also impressed on them the need for a ransom, a perfect sacrifice that would fully cover sin. (Gal. 3:19; Heb. 10:1-10) Furthermore, the Law helped to preserve the genealogical line leading to the Messiah and to identify him when he appeared. Yes, the Law acted as a temporary tutor, or “guardian,” leading to Christ. w16.03 4:6, 7 |
Man’s Salvation (sl)
1975 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/sl | Chapter 3
A Transformed Messiah with Whom Politicians Must Cope
1. Like political rulers of 33 C.E., the political rulers of today will have to decide in a final way what to do with whom?
IN THE near future the political rulers of all nations and peoples will have to decide in a final way what to do about the Messiah. Near the middle of the first century of our Common Era this Messiah, Jesus the Descendant of King David, had direct encounters with a couple of worldly political rulers. King Herod Antipas of Galilee discredited Jesus as being the Messiah and made fun of him in the courtroom and sent him back to the Roman governor of Judea, Pontius Pilate, for final trial. Governor Pilate, representing Emperor Tiberius of Rome, yielded to pressure from an anti-Messianic mob and sentenced Jesus to die by being nailed to a stake as a criminal slave. (Luke 23:1-25) But today the political rulers have a Messiah with whom to cope, far different from the self-sacrificing Messiah of the year 33 C.E.
2. Why will political rulers be amazed at their confrontation with the Messiah shortly?
2 Political rulers, especially those of Christendom, are more or less familiar with the Gospel accounts of the earthly life of Jesus Christ. Likely the most familiar mental picture that they have of him is that presented by many religious artists, that of a Jesus with drawn facial features beneath a crown of thorns, nailed hand and foot to a cross. Little, or, rather, not at all, do the political rulers of today count on having a confrontation with Jesus Christ as a mighty heavenly King all equipped to fight with his earthly enemies. To their utter amazement, it will be a transformed Messiah whom they will have to confront shortly.
3. Why is it timely and important now to examine the prophecy of Isaiah 52:13 through 53:12?
3 This amazing transformation of the Messiah in his position and also what he is commissioned to do officially were foretold in the prophecy of Isaiah 52:13 through 53:12. It is now timely to examine that particular prophecy and also the facts that show how the prophecy has worked out. This is of importance to us today.
4, 5. Of whom does Isaiah 52:13-15 abruptly take up a consideration?
4 After Isaiah, chapter 52, tells of the release of the Jews from decades of exile in the foreign land of Babylon in the Mesopotamian valley, verse 13 makes an abrupt turn in what is considered. Note how the closing verses of the chapter read:
5 “Look! My servant will act with insight. He will be in high station and will certainly be elevated and exalted very much. To the extent that many have stared at him in amazement—so much was the disfigurement as respects his appearance more than that of any other man and as respects his stately form more than that of the sons of mankind—he will likewise startle many nations. At him kings will shut their mouth, because what had not been recounted to them they will actually see, and to what they had not heard they must turn their consideration.”—Isaiah 52:13-15.
6. What is the orthodox Jewish view of the one whom Jehovah calls “my servant,” as shown in a Jewish footnote thereon?
6 Who is it that Jehovah God here speaks of prophetically as “my servant”? Orthodox Jewish opinion is that it is not an individual. The footnote on this in the book of Isaiah, by Dr. I. W. Slotki, M.A., LITT.D., published by The Soncino Press in 1949, reads: “The servant is the ideal Israel or the faithful remnant. That he is not an individual is the opinion of all Jewish and most modern non-Jewish commentators. ‘Whatever causes may have tended to stimulate the advocacy of this form of interpretation (viz. the Christological), it is important for Christian exegetes to recognize that this path of Jewish exposition is in the main right, and that the path of Christian interpreters down to the time of Rosenmüller (i.e. 1820) has been in the main wrong.’ (Whitehouse).” But is such “path of Jewish exposition” right?
7. After so long a time from Isaiah’s prophecy, what proof can Orthodox and Reform Jews offer of the existence of such an “ideal Israel” among Jewry of today?
7 In considering the above-expressed Jewish opinion as to the identity of “my servant,” we are obliged to ask, Who today or where today is what Dr. Slotki calls “the ideal Israel”? Is it to be found in this generation of natural Jews that has survived the regime of the Nazi dictator Hitler in Europe and Communist oppressions and that yet number some 14,443,925? Do we find the “ideal Israel” or that “servant” of the Most High God in the present-day Republic of Israel, particularly its Jewish population that controls the political government? What Jew, either of the Orthodox religious section or of the Reform religious section, sees in all Jewry or any part of Jewry today “the ideal Israel,” over 2,700 years after the giving of the prophecy of Isaiah? So they have no proof at all that the “servant” of Isaiah’s prophecy is the “ideal Israel” made up of natural Jews.
8. Where can we find the inspired description of the true “ideal Israel,” and how is it there described?
8 If we desire to identify the true “ideal Israel,” we can find the inspired description of it in the Revelation that was received by the former Jewish fisherman on the Sea of Galilee, John the son of Zebedee, when John was suffering exile and imprisonment on the Roman penal isle of Patmos in the Aegean Sea. The evidence is that this Revelation was given to John after the destruction of Jerusalem and its temple by the Romans in the year 70 C.E. This was after the burning of Rome by Emperor Nero, which led to persecution of the falsely accused Christians. In one of the revelatory visions John saw and heard an angel say to the four angels that were holding back the stormy winds of the earth: “Do not harm the earth or the sea or the trees, until after we have sealed the slaves of our God in their foreheads.” (Revelation 7:1-3) Then John proceeds to write:
And I heard the number of those who were sealed, a hundred and forty-four thousand, sealed out of every tribe of the sons of Israel:
Out of the tribe of Judah twelve thousand sealed;
out of the tribe of Reuben twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Gad twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Asher twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Naphtali twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Manasseh twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Simeon twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Levi twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Issachar twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Zebulun twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Joseph twelve thousand;
out of the tribe of Benjamin twelve thousand sealed.—Revelation 7:4-8.
9, 10. What is there about those sealed Israelites that makes them ideal?
9 The number of those sealed Israelites is certainly an ideal number, that is to say, twelve times twelve thousand, or one hundred and forty-four thousand, a perfectly balanced number. But what makes them an “ideal Israel” is not entirely their number, but, rather, their moral, religious qualities. In an inspired comment on those qualities, John writes:
10 “And I saw, and, look! the Lamb standing upon the Mount Zion, and with him a hundred and forty-four thousand having his name and the name of his Father written on their foreheads. And I heard a sound out of heaven as the sound of many waters and as the sound of loud thunder; and the sound that I heard was as of singers who accompany themselves on the harp playing on their harps. And they are singing as if a new song before the throne and before the four living creatures and the elders; and no one was able to master that song but the hundred and forty-four thousand, who have been bought from the earth. These are the ones that did not defile themselves with women; in fact, they are virgins. These are the ones that keep following the Lamb no matter where he goes. These were bought from among mankind as firstfruits to God and to the Lamb, and no falsehood was found in their mouths; they are without blemish.”—Revelation 14:1-5.
11. (a) What kind of Israelites are these, and what kind of circumcision have they undergone? (b) When did Jesus Christ himself become a spiritual Israelite?
11 These are spiritual Israelites, those who have done what the prophet Moses told the ancient nation of Israel to do: “You must circumcise the foreskin of your hearts and not harden your necks any longer.” Also: “Jehovah your God will have to circumcise your heart and the heart of your offspring, that you may love Jehovah your God with all your heart and all your soul for the sake of your life.” (Deuteronomy 10:16; 30:6) Even if some of these spiritual Israelites were Jews naturally, they must have the circumcision of the heart and be Jews inwardly like all the rest of spiritual Israel. (Romans 2:28, 29) Even the one whom they follow, “the Lamb,” Jesus Christ, became a spiritual Israelite, when he was anointed with God’s spirit right after being baptized in the Jordan River by John the Baptist.—Matthew 3:13-17.
12, 13. (a) How does Revelation 21:2, 9-14 identify the “ideal Israel” with “the Lamb’s wife”? (b) In what way are the “foundation stones” of this heavenly city significant in identifying the “ideal Israel”?
12 That the “ideal Israel” is, in fact, the spiritual Israel is illustrated further in Revelation 21:2, 9-14. There the twelve tribes of Israel, composed of the 144,000 sealed “slaves of our God,” are likened to the New Jerusalem, “the bride, the Lamb’s wife.” Concerning this heavenly, spiritual New Jerusalem, it is written: “He showed me the holy city Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God and having the glory of God. Its radiance was like a most precious stone, as a jasper stone shining crystal-clear. It had a great and lofty wall and had twelve gates, and at the gates twelve angels, and names were inscribed which are those of the twelve tribes of the sons of Israel. On the east were three gates, and on the north three gates, and on the south three gates, and on the west three gates. The wall of the city also had twelve foundation stones, and on them the twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb.”
13 Natural, fleshly Israel was founded upon the twelve sons of the patriarch Jacob, but it is the spiritual Israel, the Christian Israel, that is founded on the twelve apostles of the Lamb Jesus Christ. (Ephesians 2:20) So, without question, it is this spiritual Israel that is “the ideal Israel.” But that by no means proves that it is the “servant” described in chapter fifty-three of Isaiah’s prophecy.
INSPIRED IDENTIFICATION OF “MY SERVANT”
14. To what source do we look for a sure identification of the one whom God calls “my servant”?
14 So, then, who exactly is the one to whom God refers as “my servant,” not only in Isaiah 52:13 but also in Isaiah 53:11? Instead of taking the opinions of such men as Dr. I. W. Slotki of 1949 C.E. and of the German Orientalist Ernst F. K. Rosenmüller of 1820 C.E., we shall be left in no uncertainty by taking the identification of “my servant” as given in the inspired Holy Scriptures. This interpretation of God’s words, “my servant,” was given to a Jewish proselyte, an Ethiopian, who had gone up to Jerusalem of the first century C.E. to worship at the temple there. The inspired account of the incident reads:
15, 16. In regard to Isaiah’s prophecy, what conversation took place between Philip and an Ethiopian eunuch?
15 “Jehovah’s angel spoke to Philip, saying: ‘Rise and go to the south to the road that runs down from Jerusalem to Gaza.’ (This is a desert road.) With that he rose and went, and, look! an Ethiopian eunuch, a man in power under Candace queen of the Ethiopians, and who was over all her treasure. He had gone to Jerusalem to worship, but he was returning and was sitting in his chariot and reading aloud the prophet Isaiah. So the spirit said to Philip: ‘Approach and join yourself to this chariot.’ Philip ran alongside and heard him reading aloud Isaiah the prophet, and he said: ‘Do you actually know what you are reading?’ He said: ‘Really, how could I ever do so, unless someone guided me?’ And he entreated Philip to get on and sit down with him. Now the passage of Scripture that he was reading aloud was this: ‘As a sheep he was brought to the slaughter, and as a lamb that is voiceless before its shearer, so he does not open his mouth. During his humiliation the judgment was taken away from him. Who will tell the details of his generation? Because his life is taken away from the earth.’
16 “In answer the eunuch said to Philip: ‘I beg you, About whom does the prophet say this? About himself or about some other man?’ Philip opened his mouth and, starting with this Scripture, he declared to him the good news about Jesus. Now as they were going over the road, they came to a certain body of water, and the eunuch said: ‘Look! A body of water; what prevents me from getting baptized?’ With that he commanded the chariot to halt, and they both went down into the water, both Philip and the eunuch; and he baptized him. When they had come up out of the water, Jehovah’s spirit quickly led Philip away, and the eunuch did not see him anymore, for he kept going on his way rejoicing. But Philip was found to be in Ashdod, and he went through the territory and kept on declaring the good news to all the cities until he got to Caesarea.”—Acts 8:26-40.
17. (a) From what portion of Isaiah’s prophecy was the Ethiopian eunuch reading? (b) How did he learn the identification of the “servant” referred to in that prophecy?
17 The Scripture passage that the Ethiopian eunuch was reading aloud is today numbered as the fifty-third chapter of Isaiah, verses seven and eight. This has reference to the one whom God calls “my servant,” in Isaiah 52:13; 53:11. The Jews in the temple at Jerusalem had not pointed out to this Ethiopian convert to Judaism just who that “servant” was. Who, then, was Scripturally qualified to identify that “servant” for the Ethiopian eunuch back there about 34 C.E. and for us today? Certainly it was Philip, “the evangelizer,” whom Jehovah’s angel had directed to the chariot of this Ethiopian Bible student. And who did this Philip say that the “servant” was? It must have been Jesus Christ, for Acts 8:35 says: “Starting with this Scripture, he [Philip] declared to him the good news about Jesus.” It is true that this Jesus is the heavenly Head of the spiritual Israel, but Philip did not apply the Isaian prophecy about Jehovah’s “servant” to the congregation of spiritual Israelites but applied it only to the Head, Jesus Christ.—Acts 21:8; Colossians 1:18.
18. In what way are we helped by correct identification of the “servant” referred to in this prophecy?
18 Philip was not alone in making this application of the prophecy. Other inspired writers made the same application, as we shall see. With this correct identification of this particular “servant” of Jehovah, we can proceed to examine the prophecy in detail. This will help us to appreciate more the Messiah with whom worldly politicians will have to deal in the near future.
19, 20. (a) How does the wording of Isaiah 52:13-15 indicate that its fulfillment would affect twentieth-century politicians? (b) In the first century, how did Jesus “act with insight,” and since when has he come to be “in high station”?
19 If we omit that latter part of Isa 52 verse fourteen, which is between dashes because of being a parenthetical thought and comment, the prophecy opens up, saying: “Look! My servant will act with insight. He will be in high station and will certainly be elevated and exalted very much. To the extent that many have stared at him in amazement . . . he will likewise startle many nations. At him kings will shut their mouth, because what had not been recounted to them they will actually see, and to what they had not heard they must turn their consideration.”—Isaiah 52:13-15.
20 Does that not sound as though the fulfillment of this prophecy would affect all the politicians of this twentieth century? There can be no question about that! A transformed Messiah is what the nations and their political rulers will have to deal with in the near future, a Messiah different in his position and commission from the Messiah with whom the Jewish Sanhedrin and the Gentile nations and King Herod Antipas and Roman Governor Pontius Pilate dealt in the year 33 C.E. Back there Jesus the Messiah did “act with insight” into the Bible prophecies that applied to him, to guide him into doing the will of Jehovah God. Since his resurrection from the dead and later his ascension to heaven, he has come to be “in high station.” Has he been “elevated and exalted very much”? As an answer we can take what the Christian apostle Peter said to thousands of Jews who were celebrating the festival day of Pentecost ten days after Peter saw Jesus Christ ascend heavenward:
21, 22. How do the Scriptures show that Jesus the Messiah has been “elevated and exalted very much”?
21 “Actually David did not ascend to the heavens, but he himself says, ‘Jehovah said to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I place your enemies as a stool for your feet.”’ Therefore let all the house of Israel know for a certainty that God made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you impaled.”—Acts 2:34-36.
22 Years later, in an inspired letter, Peter wrote: “He is at God’s right hand, for he went his way to heaven; and angels and authorities and powers were made subject to him.” (1 Peter 3:22) Concerning the highness of the elevation and exaltation of Jesus the Messiah, the apostle Paul wrote: “He humbled himself and became obedient as far as death, yes, death on a torture stake. For this very reason also God exalted him to a superior position and kindly gave him the name that is above every other name, so that in the name of Jesus every knee should bend of those in heaven and those on earth and those under the ground, and every tongue should openly acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord to the glory of God the Father.”—Philippians 2:8-11.
23. What attitude toward the fact that it is in heaven that Jesus has been exalted would be a serious error on the part of political rulers?
23 What effect should all of this have upon the position of the politicians of this world? Not for a moment should anybody think that the elevating and exalting of Jehovah’s “Servant,” Jesus Christ, very high, in fulfillment of Isaiah 52:13, would be without effect upon earthly nations and their political rulers! The politicians should not shrug off the matter and say: ‘Jesus Christ has been exalted to heaven, has he? So what?’ They should not take the attitude that, ‘Now since he is in heaven, he is out of our way. And let him take care of things up in heaven, while we take care of things down here on earth; this is our responsibility. We are not going to hear from him again as to how we rule the earth!’
24. How does the governmental right that Jesus had at the time of his ascension back to heaven indicate that his exaltation will have serious consequences for political rulers?
24 A political attitude such as that is absolutely wrongly based. The elevating and exalting of Jehovah’s “Servant” very high will have the most serious consequences for them and their continuing in earthly office. They must remember that, when Jesus Christ ascended back to Jehovah God in heaven, he did so still in possession of the right and input to the royal government of King David over all the land in Palestine that was promised to his forefathers Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.—Luke 1:31-33; 2 Samuel 7:11-16; 1 Chronicles 17:10-14; Luke 22:29, 30; Psalm 89:27-37.
25. In what way does the effect of Jesus’ ransom sacrifice indicate that politicians must account to Jesus Christ for the way they rule?
25 Moreover, he ascended firmly in possession of the value of his human sacrifice by means of which he could buy all the human family that descended from Adam and Eve. (1 Timothy 2:5, 6) Presenting the merit of his ransom sacrifice to God in heaven, he bought back the human family that had been sold under sin, condemnation and its penalty death. (Hebrews 9:24-28; Matthew 20:28) Consequently, the common people over whom all the politicians rule belong to Jehovah’s “Servant,” Jesus Christ, by right of purchase, and politicians do have to settle with him as to how they rule.
26. For what time period fixed by God were political rulers of the Gentile nations allowed to exercise control over the earth, but since when have man-made governments been in their “time of the end”?
26 Especially today, in this critical period of human history, let us not forget or discount that Jesus Christ the royal Descendant of David has certain established legal rights with respect to this earth. These were not to be set aside forever without being acted upon. National governments and their political rulers were to be granted only a fixed, limited period of time during which to exercise political control over the earth. A “time of the end” was fixed by Jehovah God for man-made governments and their kings, emperors, presidents, shahs, sheikhs and other governors. The 2,520 years that began counting from the first desolation of Jerusalem, in 607 B.C.E., and that are called “the times of the Gentiles” ran out in the autumn of 1914 C.E. Since that date the man-made governments on earth have been in their “time of the end.” Their end is now in sight.—Luke 21:24; Daniel 12:4.
27. (a) For God’s “Servant,” Jesus Christ, what arrived in the autumn of 1914 C.E.? (b) What action foretold in Psalm 2:8, 9 was now due to take place?
27 In contrast with that, the time of waiting at God’s right hand in heaven ended for the “Servant,” Jesus Christ, in that autumn of 1914 C.E. (Psalm 110:1, 2; Hebrews 10:12, 13) For him the year 1914 marked the commencement of a ‘time of beginning’ in the active exercise of his kingly rights. Then, right on time, the Messianic kingdom of God was born in the heavens, too high above the feet of the Gentiles for them to trample upon in defiance of God. (Revelation 12:1-5; Luke 21:24; Ezekiel 21:25-27) The time then came for the newly enthroned King, Jesus the Messiah, to act upon the prophetic invitation contained in Psalm 2:8, 9: “Ask of me, that I may give nations as your inheritance and the ends of the earth as your own possession. You will break them with an iron scepter, as though a potter’s vessel you will dash them to pieces.”—Revelation 2:27; 12:5; Daniel 2:44.
AMAZEMENT OF POLITICIANS
28. When the final confrontation takes place between Jesus Christ and all the politicians of earth, why will they ‘stare at him in amazement’?
28 In the light of those prophetic statements of Jehovah concerning his “Servant,” it will indeed be a transformed Messiah with whom all the politicians of earth will have to deal in the near future. The transformation will be so great as to amaze them. When the final confrontation between them and him comes shortly, they will ‘stare at him in amazement.’ Not that they will literally see him with the naked eye, but they will see the visible evidences of his power as a Battler for Jehovah God and they will know that these evidences are from this elevated, exalted Messiah. This will be far different from the way in which the clergy of Christendom have played Jesus Christ up.
29, 30. (a) What kind of representation of Jesus Christ have the clergy of Christendom presented to the political element of the world? (b) As foretold at Isaiah 52:14, how was there a “disfigurement” of the Messiah by what took place even in the first century?
29 By their crucifixes and their church Masses the clergy of Christendom have caused the political element of the world to view Jesus Christ as a bedraggled figure. They claim that at his ascending to heaven he even took along with him the human body in which he was nailed to the stake, still bearing the scratches of the crown of thorns in his forehead and the gory nail holes in his hands and feet and the spear gash in his side. True, Jesus Christ did suffer an excruciatingly painful and disgraceful death, for certain reasons. But before that, he was discredited, grossly misrepresented, accused of being a lawbreaker, a Sabbath violator, mad, possessed of a demon, a blasphemer, a false Christ, a deceiver, a menace to the Jewish nation, a seditionist against pagan Rome. Certainly his reputation was distorted, the image of him that was painted by his false accusers was altogether disfigured; and it is in this sense in particular that Isaiah 52:14 is to be understood:
30 “So much was the disfigurement as respects his appearance more than that of any other man and as respects his stately form more than that of the sons of mankind.”
31, 32. (a) How is Jesus Christ different today from when he was a man on earth? (b) How will Isaiah 52:15 soon be fulfilled upon the politicians?
31 The discrediting, maligning and misrepresenting of Jesus Christ in absentia has continued to this very day. But today, nineteen hundred years later, he is no longer a “baby Jesus” (bambino Gesù); he is no longer a ‘suffering Servant’ upon earth, nonresistant to his malicious enemies. He is now the elevated, exalted “Servant,” the accredited Messiah of God. Whatever the politicians under the misguidance of their religious clergy may have said against Jehovah’s “Servant” and in defiance of him, they will cease to be so loudmouthed in saying words of contempt when they confront the once-humiliated “servant” in the coming test of power over the question, Who shall rule the earth? For then the politicians will actually see the exhibition of what their religious clergy have not recounted to them; they will be forced to turn their consideration to what they had not heard in warning from their highly respected religious leaders. As Isaiah 52:15 says:
32 “He will likewise startle many nations. At him kings will shut their mouth, because what had not been recounted to them they will actually see, and to what they had not heard they must turn their consideration.”
33. Since the Christian witnesses of Jehovah have publicly recounted the truth about Jesus the Messiah, why is it that the politicians have “not heard” and so ‘stare at him in amazement’?
33 Not that the faithful Christian witnesses of Jehovah have not been recounting such things to the nations and their kings and trying to get nations and their political rulers to turn their consideration to such things. But these, for the most part, have turned a deaf ear and a blind eye to what these faithful followers of Jehovah’s “Servant” have proclaimed world wide and have delineated in descriptive language. To the contrary, the paid clergymen are the ones from whom the nations and their political rulers have not heard recounted the real facts about how Jehovah’s “Servant” will actually war against them in execution of Jehovah’s judgments. It is the paid religious leaders who have kept nations and kings blind as to what is in store for them when Jehovah, by his “Servant,” takes action against them to settle the issue, Who shall rule the earth and the people on it? Hence, they are bound to ‘stare at him in amazement’ and “shut their mouth” as they encounter something altogether different from what they had expected.
34. What warning does the second Psalm give to the political rulers, but why have they failed to act on it?
34 In this “time of the end” since 1914 C.E. it has not been the clergy of Christendom whom Jehovah God has used to transmit this warning: “And now, O kings, exercise insight; let yourselves be corrected, O judges of the earth. Serve Jehovah with fear and be joyful with trembling. Kiss the son, that He may not become incensed and you may not perish from the way, for his anger flares up easily. Happy are all those taking refuge in him.” (Psalm 2:7, 10-12) Because of depending upon their paid clergymen, the political rulers of Jewry and the political rulers of Christendom have not ‘kissed the Son.’ That is, they have not expressed any affection for Jehovah’s “Servant,” his heavenly Son Jesus the Messiah, whom He has seated upon the heavenly Mount Zion and to whom he has given ‘nations as an inheritance and the ends of the earth as a possession.’
35. (a) By means of whom has Jehovah transmitted this inspired warning to rulers and judges? (b) Because these witnesses themselves “kiss the son,” how are they viewed by men, and what is their position before God?
35 It has been His Christian witnesses by means of whom Jehovah has been transmitting this warning to political rulers and to judges of the law courts. These witnesses themselves “kiss the son,” and because of this they have become an object of hatred to all the nations and there has been a disfigurement of their appearance in the view of misinformed people. (Matthew 24:9) Jehovah will not become incensed against his faithful, obedient witnesses, nor will his anger flare up against them so that they perish in the midst of their course. He will not turn upon those who have taken refuge in Him, and so His witnesses are the happiest people on earth today, in spite of the world’s hatred and the malicious disfigurement of their reputation. With heightening interest they watch to see how the “kings” or political rulers of the nations will stare in amazement and shut their mouths at the awesome manifestation of a transformed Messiah, Jehovah’s exalted “Servant.”
[Picture on page 36]
Philip explains Isaiah’s prophecy to an Ethiopian eunuch
[Full-page picture on page 40] |
Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Shun Those Who Used to Belong to Their Religion? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502012472 | Do Jehovah’s Witnesses Shun Those Who Used to Belong to Their Religion?
Those who were baptized as Jehovah’s Witnesses but no longer preach to others, perhaps even drifting away from association with fellow believers, are not shunned. In fact, we reach out to them and try to rekindle their spiritual interest.
We do not automatically disfellowship someone who commits a serious sin. If, however, a baptized Witness makes a practice of breaking the Bible’s moral code and does not repent, he or she will be shunned or disfellowshipped. The Bible clearly states: “Remove the wicked man from among yourselves.”—1 Corinthians 5:13.
What of a man who is disfellowshipped but whose wife and children are still Jehovah’s Witnesses? The religious ties he had with his family change, but blood ties remain. The marriage relationship and normal family affections and dealings continue.
Disfellowshipped individuals may attend our religious services. If they wish, they may also receive spiritual counsel from congregation elders. The goal is to help each individual once more to qualify to be one of Jehovah’s Witnesses. Disfellowshipped people who reject improper conduct and demonstrate a sincere desire to live by the Bible’s standards are always welcome to become Jehovah’s Witnesses again. |
Ministry School (be)
2002 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/be | Use a Variety of Settings |
Table of outputs | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102008000 | Table of outputs
January 2008
Violence Against Women—What Is the Bible’s View?
Worldwide, women suffer violence and discrimination. Some religions even justify injustices against women. But what is God’s viewpoint?
3 Violence Against Women—A Global Problem
4 How Do God and Christ View Women?
11 How a Fishing Village Became a Metropolis
15 Gabon—A Haven for Wildlife
22 The Bridge That Kept Coming Back
24 Was It Designed?Spider Silk
25 A Sea of Superlatives—But Dead!
28 The Bible’s ViewpointWhat Does Headship in Marriage Really Mean?
30 Watching the World
31 How Would You Answer?
32 Favored Over Any Toys
Where Puppets Perform Operas 8
Come with us to Salzburg, Austria, to learn about puppet theater.
Should I Play Electronic Games? 18
Many electronic games highlight violence and sexuality. How can a Christian discern which games are fit to play? How much time should he spend on them? Is there an alternative?
[Picture Credit Line on page 2]
By courtesy of the Salzburg Marionette Theatre |
YOUNG PEOPLE ASK
How Responsible Am I? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502013332 | YOUNG PEOPLE ASK
How Responsible Am I?
Rate yourself!
What does it mean to be responsible?
Why should I want to be responsible?
How can I be more responsible?
Rate yourself!
I am . . . always, most of the time, sometimes, or never
honest
dependable
punctual
industrious
orderly
helpful
fair
respectful
caring
Which of those qualities is your strongest?
Keep up the good work in that area.—Philippians 3:16.
Which quality do you need to work on most?
The following information will help you to improve in that area.
What does it mean to be responsible?
Responsible people fulfill their obligations at home, at school, and in the community. They recognize that they are accountable for their actions. So when they make a mistake, they admit it, apologize, and strive to make amends.
The Bible says: “Each one will carry his own load.”—Galatians 6:5.
Why should I want to be responsible?
A responsible person uses his or her talents wisely and is more likely to be held in high esteem, treated like an adult, and granted freedoms and privileges.
The Bible says: “Have you beheld a man skillful in his work? Before kings is where he will station himself.”—Proverbs 22:29.
A responsible person is usually generous and is more likely to enjoy satisfying friendships.
The Bible says: “Practice giving, and people will give to you.”—Luke 6:38.
A responsible person feels a sense of accomplishment and proper pride, which builds his or her self-confidence.
The Bible says: “Let each one prove what his own work is, and then he will have cause for exultation in regard to himself alone.”—Galatians 6:4.
How can I be more responsible?
To help answer that question, look at the following statements. Which ones best describe how you feel?
“It’s frustrating to be treated like a baby who can’t be away for an hour without checking in with Mommy and Daddy!”—Kerri.
“My parents usually allow me to go out with my friends without any hassle.”—Richard.
“When I look at other kids my age and see what they can do, I think: ‘Wow! Why don’t my parents let me do that?’”—Anne.
“My parents basically let me do what I want. I’m thankful to them for granting me the freedom that I have.”—Marina.
The bottom line: Some young people are granted more freedom than others. What can make the difference?
Fact of life: The level of freedom you are granted is often determined by the amount of trust you have earned.
For example, consider what two of the young people quoted earlier have to say.
Richard: “At one time my parents were skeptical of my ability to handle freedom. But they trust me now because I have used my freedom responsibly. I don’t lie to my parents about where I’m going or whom I’m going with. In fact, I usually tell my parents what I’m up to without their having to ask me.”
Marina: “I lied to my parents two times in my whole life, and I got caught both times. From that point on, I have been honest with my parents. For example, I always give them details about what I’m doing, and then I check in with them when I’m out. Now they have a lot more trust in me.”
What do you put first—chores or recreation?
Would you like to be treated more like Richard and Marina? Then analyze yourself in the following areas:
YOUR HOME LIFE
Do you faithfully complete your assigned chores?
Do you adhere strictly to your curfew?
Do you treat your parents and siblings with respect?
Which of those points, if any, do you need to work on?
The Bible says: “Be obedient to your parents.”—Ephesians 6:1.
YOUR EDUCATION
Do you complete your homework assignments on time?
Are you putting forth effort to improve your grades?
Do you have good study habits?
Which of those points, if any, do you need to work on?
The Bible says: “Wisdom is for a protection.” (Ecclesiastes 7:12) A good education will help you develop wisdom.
YOUR REPUTATION
Are you honest with your parents and others?
Can you handle money responsibly?
Do you have a reputation for being dependable?
Which of those points, if any, do you need to work on?
The Bible says: “Put on the new personality.” (Ephesians 4:24) You can improve your traits and your reputation.
Suggestion: Choose an area in which you need to improve. Talk to others who excel in that area, and get their advice. Write down specific ways that you will work on that quality, and then track your progress for a month. Record in a journal your successes and your setbacks. Note your progress at the end of the month.
“The amount of independence parents grant is based on how a young person uses the independence he or she already has. Use it wisely, and they may be willing to give you more.”—Tyler.
“Granting independence is a learning experience for parents too. So cut them some slack if they don’t grant you the amount of freedom you would like.”—Aislyn. |
Sing Praises (ssb)
1984 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/Ssb | Song 220
Our Paradise: Present and Future
(2 Corinthians 12:4)
1. Wondrous Jehovah, God, we praise you
For our spir’tual paradise,
Where we by study, pray’r, and meetings
Get assistance to be wise.
O let us give thanks for
How greatly we’re blest
And how in your service
We have joy and rest!
True love for you and for our neighbor
Is the strongest bond of all.
How it unites us in your service
So that we may never fall!
2. Administration of your justice
You have given Christ the King.
At your right hand since his enthronement,
He rules over ev’rything.
We praise you, Jehovah,
For having made known
Your wonderful purpose
To gather your own.
O may our conduct e’er prove worthy
Of the good news that we preach,
So that at no time we will stumble
Sheeplike ones we seek to teach!
3. After the battle of the great day
Of Jehovah has been fought
And both the Devil and his demons
To the deep abyss are brought,
Then your ancient servants
From tombs will arise
To serve you with gladness
In earth’s Paradise.
They will help all men reach perfection
Through the priesthood of your Son;
Then here on earth, to time indef’nite,
Lasting joys from you will come. |
Sing Praises (ssb)
1984 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/Ssb | Song 219
Jehovah’s Heavenly Throne
(Revelation 4)
1. You, O Jehovah, are God alone.
Awesome is your glory, Lord, lofty your throne.
’Round you a rainbow shines em’rald green.
You’re a God of peacefulness, tranquil, serene.
2. Twenty-four elders, all dressed in white,
Serve as kings and priests with Christ. Grand is the sight!
Four living creatures your ways acclaim:
Justice, wisdom, pow’r, and love—they praise your name.
3. Lightnings and thunders from you proceed.
To the voices speaking truth may all give heed.
Your glassy sea bespeaks purity.
May we all bathe in your Word and clean thus be.
4. This heav’nly vision makes us laud you,
For you are Almighty God, holy and true.
Jesus, our Savior, now rules as King.
So through him we come to you and honor bring. |
ILLUSTRATED BIBLE STORIES
The Israelites Make a Golden Calf | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502014216 | ILLUSTRATED BIBLE STORIES
The Israelites Make a Golden Calf
Learn about Aaron, Moses’ brother, and how he sinned by helping the Israelites to make a golden calf.
Read the illustrated story online or from a printed PDF.
Download
1234 |
What Does the Bible Say About Revenge? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/500100111 | What Does the Bible Say About Revenge?
The Bible’s answer
Even though a person may feel justified in taking revenge, doing so goes against the Bible’s counsel: “Do not say: ‘I will do to him just as he has done to me; I will get even with him.” (Proverbs 24:29, footnote) The Bible contains advice that has helped many overcome a desire for revenge.
In this article
What is wrong with seeking revenge?
How does God exact punishment?
How can I overcome a desire for revenge?
Misconceptions about revenge
What is wrong with seeking revenge?
If someone offended or harmed you, it is natural to feel angry and to want the other person to be punished for what he or she did. However, taking personal revenge is not in harmony with the Bible’s message. Why?
When humans seek their own revenge, it displeases God. In the Bible, Jehovaha God says: “Vengeance is mine; I will repay.” (Romans 12:19) The Bible encourages those who have been wronged to seek peaceful ways to resolve matters when possible instead of pursuing revenge. (Romans 12:18) But what if such peaceful avenues are exhausted or unavailable? The Scriptures admonish us to trust in Jehovah to right all wrongs.—Psalm 42:10, 11.
How does God exact punishment?
For now, God allows secular authorities to administer punishment. (Romans 13:1-4) In time, he will bring to justice all who have been guilty of cruelty and he will eliminate suffering forever.—Isaiah 11:4.
How can I overcome a desire for revenge?
Avoid acting on impulse. (Proverbs 17:27) People who give in to anger often do things that they later regret. But those who take time to think before reacting are more likely to make better decisions.—Proverbs 29:11.
Seek the facts. (Proverbs 18:13) Someone who has been wronged would do well to ask himself, ‘Are there factors unknown to me that could explain why the offender acted the way he did? Is he under pressure? Or did he act out of ignorance?’ Sometimes what seems like an intentional offense may simply be an honest mistake.
Misconceptions about revenge
Misconception: The Bible authorizes revenge when it says “an eye for an eye.”—Leviticus 24:20, Contemporary English Version.
Fact: The “eye for an eye” law in ancient Israel discouraged acts of personal revenge. Generally, the rule helped judges impose appropriate punishments.b—Deuteronomy 19:15-21.
Misconception: Since the Bible does not authorize personal revenge, we cannot defend ourselves when attacked.
Fact: If attacked, a person has the right to defend himself or seek help from the authorities. However, the Bible says we should avoid violent confrontations whenever possible.—Proverbs 17:14.
a Jehovah is God’s name as revealed in the Bible.
b For a detailed discussion of this rule, see the article “What Does ‘an Eye for an Eye’ Mean?” |
Greatest Man (gt)
1991 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/gt | Chapter 2
Honored Before He Was Born
AFTER the angel Gabriel tells the young woman Mary that she will give birth to a baby boy who will become an everlasting king, Mary asks: “How is this to be, since I am having no intercourse with a man?”
“Holy spirit will come upon you,” Gabriel explains, “and power of the Most High will overshadow you. For that reason also what is born will be called holy, God’s Son.”
To help Mary believe his message, Gabriel continues: “And, look! Elizabeth your relative has also herself conceived a son, in her old age, and this is the sixth month for her, the so-called barren woman; because with God no declaration will be an impossibility.”
Mary accepts Gabriel’s word. And what is her response? “Look! Jehovah’s slave girl!” she exclaims. “May it take place with me according to your declaration.”
Soon after Gabriel leaves, Mary gets ready and goes to visit Elizabeth, who lives with her husband, Zechariah, in the mountainous country of Judea. From Mary’s home in Nazareth, this is a long trip of perhaps three or four days.
When Mary finally arrives at Zechariah’s house, she enters and offers a greeting. At that, Elizabeth is filled with holy spirit, and she says to Mary: “Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb! So how is it that this privilege is mine, to have the mother of my Lord come to me? For, look! as the sound of your greeting fell upon my ears, the infant in my womb leaped with great gladness.”
At hearing this, Mary responds with heartfelt gratitude: “My soul magnifies Jehovah, and my spirit cannot keep from being overjoyed at God my Savior; because he has looked upon the low position of his slave girl. For, look! from now on all generations will pronounce me happy; because the powerful One has done great deeds for me.” Yet, despite the favor she is shown, Mary directs all honor to God. “Holy is his name,” she says, “and for generations after generations his mercy is upon those who fear him.”
Mary continues praising God in inspired prophetic song, proclaiming: “He has performed mightily with his arm, he has scattered abroad those who are haughty in the intention of their hearts. He has brought down men of power from thrones and exalted lowly ones; he has fully satisfied hungry ones with good things and he has sent away empty those who had wealth. He has come to the aid of Israel his servant, to call to mind mercy, just as he told to our forefathers, to Abraham and to his seed, forever.”
Mary stays with Elizabeth for about three months, and no doubt she is a big help during these final weeks of Elizabeth’s pregnancy. It is indeed fine that these two faithful women, both carrying a child with God’s help, can be together at this blessed time of their lives!
Did you notice the honor that was paid Jesus even before he was born? Elizabeth called him “my Lord,” and her unborn child leapt with gladness when Mary first appeared. On the other hand, others later treated Mary and her yet-to-be-born child with little respect, as we shall see. Luke 1:26-56.
▪ What does Gabriel say to help Mary understand how she would become pregnant?
▪ How was Jesus honored before he was born?
▪ What does Mary say in a prophetic song in praise of God?
▪ How long does Mary stay with Elizabeth, and why is it appropriate that Mary stay with Elizabeth during this time? |
When We Die (ie)
1998 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/when-we-die-ie | The Idea Enters Eastern Religions
“I always thought that the immortality of the soul was a universal truth that everyone accepted. So I was really surprised to learn that some great minds both of the East and of the West have passionately argued against the belief. Now I wonder how the idea of immortality came into Hindu consciousness.”—A UNIVERSITY STUDENT WHO WAS RAISED A HINDU.
1. Why is knowledge of the development and spread of the doctrine of human immortality in various religions of interest to us?
HOW did the idea that man has a soul that is immortal enter Hinduism and other Eastern religions? The question is of interest even to those in the West who may not be familiar with these religions, since the belief affects everyone’s view of the future. Because the teaching of human immortality is a common denominator in most religions today, knowing how the concept developed can indeed promote better understanding and communication.
2. Why has India been a noteworthy source of religious influence in Asia?
2 Ninian Smart, a professor of religious studies at the University of Lancaster in Britain, observes: “The most important centre of religious influence in Asia has been India. This is not merely because India itself has given birth to a number of faiths—Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, etc.—but because one of these, Buddhism, came to influence profoundly the culture of virtually the whole of East Asia.” Many cultures influenced in this way “still regard India as their spiritual homeland,” says Hindu scholar Nikhilananda. How, then, did this teaching of immortality make inroads into India and other parts of Asia?
Hinduism’s Teaching of Reincarnation
3. According to a historian, by whom was the idea of transmigration of souls possibly taken to India?
3 In the sixth century B.C.E., while Pythagoras and his followers in Greece were advocating the theory of transmigration of souls, Hindu sages living along the banks of the Indus and Ganges rivers in India were developing the same concept. The simultaneous appearance of this belief “in the Greek world and in India can hardly have been fortuitous,” says historian Arnold Toynbee. “One possible common source [of influence],” Toynbee points out, “is the Eurasian nomad society, which, in the 8th and 7th centuries B.C., had descended upon India, South-Western Asia, the steppe country along the north shore of the Black Sea, and the Balkan and Anatolian peninsulas.” The migrating Eurasian tribes evidently carried with them to India the idea of transmigration.
4. Why did the concept of transmigration of souls appeal to Hindu sages?
4 Hinduism had begun in India much earlier, with the arrival of the Aryans about 1500 B.C.E. From the very start, Hinduism held the belief that the soul was different from the body and that the soul survived death. Hindus thus practiced ancestor worship and laid out food for the souls of their dead to consume. Centuries later when the idea of the transmigration of souls reached India, it must have appealed to the Hindu sages grappling with the universal problem of evil and suffering among humans. Combining this with what is called the law of Karma, the law of cause and effect, Hindu sages developed the theory of reincarnation whereby merits and demerits in one life are rewarded or punished in the next.
5. According to Hinduism, what is the ultimate goal of the soul?
5 But there was one other concept that influenced Hinduism’s teaching about the soul. “It seems to be true that at the very time when the theory of transmigration and karma was formed, or even earlier,” says the Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics, “another concept . . . was gradually taking shape in a small intellectual circle in N. India—the philosophic concept of the Brahman-Ātman [the supreme and eternal Brahman, the ultimate reality].” This idea was combined with the theory of reincarnation to define the ultimate goal of Hindus—liberation from the cycle of transmigration in order to be one with the ultimate reality. This, Hindus believe, is achieved by striving for socially acceptable behavior and special Hindu knowledge.
6, 7. What is the belief of present-day Hinduism about the Hereafter?
6 Hindu wise men thus shaped the idea of the transmigration of souls into the doctrine of reincarnation by combining it with the law of Karma and the concept of Brahman. Octavio Paz, a Nobel Prize winning poet and a former Mexican ambassador to India, writes: “As Hinduism spread, so did an idea . . . that is pivotal to Brahmanism, Buddhism, and other Asian religions: metempsychosis, the transmigration of souls across successive existences.”
7 The doctrine of reincarnation is the mainstay of present-day Hinduism. Hindu philosopher Nikhilananda says: “That the attainment of immortality is not the prerogative of a chosen few, but the birthright of all, is the conviction of every good Hindu.”
The Cycle of Rebirth in Buddhism
8-10. (a) How does Buddhism define existence? (b) How does a Buddhist scholar explain rebirth?
8 Buddhism was founded in India about 500 B.C.E. According to Buddhist tradition, an Indian prince by the name of Siddhārtha Gautama, who came to be known as Buddha after receiving enlightenment, founded Buddhism. Since it sprang from Hinduism, its teachings are in some ways similar to those of Hinduism. According to Buddhism, existence is a continuous cycle of rebirth and death, and as in Hinduism, each individual’s status in his current life is defined by the deeds of his previous life.
9 But Buddhism does not define existence in terms of a personal soul that survives death. “[Buddha] saw in the human psyche only a fleeting series of discontinuous psychological states, which are held together only by desire,” observed Arnold Toynbee. Yet, Buddha believed that something—some state or force—is passed on from one life to another. Dr. Walpola Rahula, a Buddhist scholar, explains:
10 “A being is nothing but a combination of physical and mental forces or energies. What we call death is the total non-functioning of the physical body. Do all these forces and energies stop altogether with the non-functioning of the body? Buddhism says ‘No.’ Will, volition, desire, thirst to exist, to continue, to become more and more, is a tremendous force that moves whole lives, whole existences, that even moves the whole world. This is the greatest force, the greatest energy in the world. According to Buddhism, this force does not stop with the non-functioning of the body, which is death; but it continues manifesting itself in another form, producing re-existence which is called rebirth.”
11. What is the Buddhist view of the Hereafter?
11 The Buddhist view of the Hereafter is this: Existence is everlasting unless the individual attains the final goal of Nirvana, liberation from the cycle of rebirths. Nirvana is a state neither of eternal bliss nor of becoming one with the ultimate reality. It is simply a state of nonexistence—the “deathless place” beyond individual existence. Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary defines “Nirvana” as “a place or state of oblivion to care, pain, or external reality.” Rather than seeking immortality, Buddhists are encouraged to transcend it by achieving Nirvana.
12-14. How do various forms of Buddhism convey the idea of immortality?
12 As it spread to various places in Asia, Buddhism modified its teachings to accommodate local beliefs. For example, Mahayana Buddhism, the form that is dominant in China and Japan, holds a belief in celestial bodhisattvas, or future Buddhas. Bodhisattvas put off their Nirvana for countless lives in order to serve others and help them attain it. Thus one can choose to continue in the cycle of rebirth even after attaining Nirvana.
13 Another adjustment that became particularly influential in China and Japan is the doctrine of the Pure Land to the West, created by Buddha Amitabha, or Amida. Those calling on the name of Buddha in faith are reborn into the Pure Land, or paradise, where conditions are more conducive to attaining the final enlightenment. What has developed from this teaching? Professor Smart, mentioned earlier, explains: “Not unnaturally, the splendours of paradise, vividly described in some of the Mahayana scriptures, came to replace nirvana in the popular imagination as the supreme goal.”
14 Tibetan Buddhism incorporates other local elements. For example, the Tibetan book of the dead describes the fate of an individual in the intermediate state before being reborn. The dead are said to be exposed to the bright light of the ultimate reality, and those who are unable to bear the light do not gain liberation but are reborn. Clearly, Buddhism in its various forms conveys the idea of immortality.
Ancestor Worship in Japan’s Shinto
15-17. (a) How did the worship of ancestral spirits develop in Shinto? (b) How is the belief in immortality of the soul fundamental to Shinto?
15 Religion existed in Japan before the arrival of Buddhism in the sixth century C.E. It was a religion without a name, and it consisted of beliefs associated with morals and customs of the people. With the introduction of Buddhism, however, the need arose to distinguish the Japanese religion from the foreign one. And so the designation “Shinto,” meaning “the way of the gods,” sprang up.
16 What belief did the original Shinto hold about the Hereafter? With the advent of the wetland cultivation of rice, “wetland agriculture necessitated well-organized and stable communities,” explains the Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan, “and agricultural rites—which later played such an important role in Shintō—were developed.” Fear of departed souls led these ancient people to conceive rites of appeasing them. This developed into a worship of ancestral spirits.
17 According to Shinto belief, a “departed” soul still has its personality but is stained because of death. When the bereaved perform memorial rites, the soul is purified to the point of removing all malice, and it takes on a peaceful and benevolent character. In time, the ancestral spirit rises to the position of an ancestral deity, or guardian. As it coexisted with Buddhism, Shinto incorporated certain Buddhist teachings, including the doctrine of paradise. Thus, we find that belief in immortality is fundamental to Shinto.
Immortality in Taoism, Ancestor Worship in Confucianism
18. What is Taoist thinking concerning immortality?
18 Taoism was founded by Lao-tzu, who is said to have lived in China in the sixth century B.C.E. The goal in life, according to Taoism, is to harmonize human activity with Tao—the way of nature. Taoist thinking concerning immortality can be summed up this way: Tao is the governing principle of the universe. Tao has no beginning and no end. By living in accord with Tao, an individual participates in it and becomes eternal.
19-21. Taoist speculations led to what endeavors?
19 In their attempt to be at one with nature, Taoists in time became especially interested in its agelessness and resilience. They speculated that perhaps by living in harmony with Tao, or nature’s way, one could somehow tap into the secrets of nature and become immune to physical harm, disease, and even death.
20 Taoists started to experiment with meditation, breathing exercises, and diet, which supposedly could delay bodily decay and death. Soon legends began to circulate about immortals who could fly on clouds and appear and disappear at will and who lived on sacred mountains or remote islands for countless years, sustained by dew or magical fruits. Chinese history reports that in 219 B.C.E., the emperor Ch’in Shih Huang Ti sent a fleet of ships with 3,000 boys and girls to find the legendary island of P’eng-lai, the abode of the immortals, in order to bring back the herb of immortality. Needless to say, they did not return with the elixir.
21 The quest for eternal life led Taoists to experiment with concocting immortality pills by alchemy. In the Taoist view, life results when the opposing yin and yang (female and male) forces combine. Thus, by fusing lead (dark, or yin) and mercury (bright, or yang), the alchemists were imitating the process of nature, and they thought that the product would be an immortality pill.
22. What resulted from the Buddhist influence on Chinese religious life?
22 By the seventh century C.E., Buddhism made inroads into Chinese religious life. The result was an amalgam embracing elements of Buddhism, spiritism, and ancestor worship. “Both Buddhism and Taoism,” says Professor Smart, “gave shape and substance to beliefs about an after-life which were rather sketchy in ancient Chinese ancestor-worship.”
23. What was Confucius’ position regarding ancestor worship?
23 Confucius, China’s other prominent sage of the sixth century B.C.E., whose philosophy became the basis for Confucianism, did not comment extensively on the Hereafter. Rather, he stressed the importance of moral goodness and socially acceptable behavior. But he had a favorable attitude toward ancestor worship and placed great emphasis on the observance of the rites and ceremonies relating to the spirits of departed ancestors.
Other Eastern Religions
24. What does Jainism teach about the soul?
24 Jainism was founded in India in the sixth century B.C.E. Its founder, Mahāvīra, taught that all living things have eternal souls and that salvation of the soul from the bondage of Karma is possible only through extreme self-denial and self-discipline and a rigid application of nonviolence toward all creatures. Jains hold these beliefs to this day.
25, 26. What Hindu beliefs are also found in Sikhism?
25 India is also the birthplace of Sikhism, a religion practiced by 19 million people. This religion had its start in the 16th century when Guru Nānak decided to fuse the best of Hinduism and Islam and form a united religion. Sikhism adopted the Hindu beliefs of immortality of the soul, reincarnation, and Karma.
26 Clearly, the belief that life continues after the body dies is an integral part of most Eastern religions. What, though, of Christendom, Judaism, and Islam?
[Map on page 10]
(For fully formatted text, see publication.)
CENTRAL ASIA
KASHMIR
TIBET
CHINA
KOREA
JAPAN
Banaras
INDIA
Buddh Gaya
MYANMAR
THAILAND
CAMBODIA
SRI LANKA
JAVA
3RD CENTURY B.C.E.
1ST CENTURY B.C.E.
1ST CENTURY C.E.
4TH CENTURY C.E.
6TH CENTURY C.E.
7TH CENTURY C.E.
Buddhism influenced all of East Asia
[Picture on page 9]
Reincarnation is the mainstay of Hinduism
[Picture on page 11]
By living in harmony with nature, a Taoist tries to become eternal
[Picture on page 12]
Confucius had a favorable attitude toward ancestor worship |
Wisdom From the Gospels (wfg)
2022 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/wisdom-from-the-gospels-wfg | Wisdom From the Gospels |
Sing Praises (ssb)
1984 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/Ssb | Song 204
“Here I Am! Send Me”
(Isaiah 6:8)
1. Today men heap reproach and shame
In many ways on God’s fair name.
Some show God weak; some paint him cruel.
“There is no God!” so shouts the fool.
Who’ll go the name of God to clear?
Who’ll sing his praise for all to hear?
“Lord, here I am! Send me, send me.
I’ll sing your praises faithfully;
(Chorus)
2. Men make the taunt that God is slow;
The fear of God they do not know.
Some worship idols made of stone;
Some would put Caesar on God’s throne.
Who’ll tell the wicked what’s in store?
Who’ll warn of God’s great final war?
“Lord, here I am! Send me, send me.
I’ll sound the warning fearlessly;
(Chorus)
3. Today the meek ones mourn and sigh
Because the evils multiply.
With honest hearts they seek to find
The truth that gives real peace of mind.
Who’ll go with comfort to these meek?
Who’ll help them righteousness to seek?
“Lord, here I am! Send me, send me.
I’ll teach such meek ones patiently;
(CHORUS)
No greater honor could there be.
Lord, here I am! Send me, send me.” |
Close to Jehovah (cl)
2022 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/cl | input Page/Publishers’ Page
Draw Close to Jehovah
Photo Credits: ▪ Page 49: Courtesy of Anglo-Australian Observatory, photograph by David Malin ▪ Page 174: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C./Wyman Meinzer ▪ Page 243: © J. Heidecker/VIREO
This publication is not for sale. It is provided as part of a worldwide Bible educational work supported by voluntary donations.
To make a donation, please visit donate.jw.org.
Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations are from the modern-language
New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures.
January 2022 Printing
English (cl-E)
© 2002, 2014, 2022
WATCH TOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA |
Revelation Climax (re)
1988 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/re | Chapter 25
Reviving the Two Witnesses
1. What does the strong angel call upon John to do?
BEFORE the second woe is finally past, the strong angel calls upon John to take part in another prophetic presentation, this one having to do with the temple. (Revelation 9:12; 10:1) Here is what John reports: “And a reed like a rod was given me as he said: ‘Get up and measure the temple sanctuary of God and the altar and those worshiping in it.’”—Revelation 11:1.
The Temple Sanctuary
2. (a) What temple sanctuary would endure right up to our day? (b) Who is the High Priest of the temple sanctuary, and what is its Most Holy?
2 The temple here mentioned cannot be any literal temple in Jerusalem, since the last of these was destroyed by the Romans in 70 C.E. The apostle Paul, however, showed that even before that destruction, there had appeared another temple sanctuary that would endure right up to our day. This was the great spiritual temple that fulfilled the prophetic types provided by the tabernacle and later by the temples built in Jerusalem. It is “the true tent, which Jehovah put up, and not man,” and its High Priest is Jesus, whom Paul describes as having already “sat down at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens.” Its Most Holy is the location of Jehovah’s presence in heaven itself.—Hebrews 8:1, 2; 9:11, 24.
3. At the tabernacle, what was pictured by (a) the curtain separating the Most Holy from the Holy? (b) the animal sacrifices? (c) the altar of sacrifice?
3 The apostle Paul explains that the curtain of the tabernacle, separating the Most Holy from the Holy compartment, pictures Jesus’ flesh. When Jesus sacrificed his life, this curtain was rent in two, showing that Jesus’ flesh was no longer a barrier to his entry into Jehovah’s presence in heaven. On the basis of Jesus’ sacrifice, his anointed underpriests who died faithful would, in due course, also pass into the heavens. (Matthew 27:50, 51; Hebrews 9:3; 10:19, 20) Paul points out, too, that the continual sacrifices of animals at the tabernacle pointed forward to Jesus’ one sacrifice of his perfect human life. The altar of sacrifice in the courtyard represented Jehovah’s provision, according to his will, for accepting Jesus’ sacrifice in behalf of the “many”—of the anointed and, later, of the other sheep—who would be “earnestly looking for him for their salvation.”—Hebrews 9:28; 10:9, 10; John 10:16.
4. What was symbolized by (a) the Holy Place (b) the inner courtyard?
4 From this divinely inspired information, we can conclude that the Holy Place in the tabernacle symbolizes a holy condition enjoyed first by Christ and then by the anointed members of the royal priesthood of the 144,000 while they are still on earth, before entering through “the curtain.” (Hebrews 6:19, 20; 1 Peter 2:9) It well represents their having been adopted as spiritual sons of God, even as God acknowledged Jesus to be his Son following Jesus’ baptism in the Jordan in 29 C.E. (Luke 3:22; Romans 8:15) And what of the inner courtyard, the only part of the tabernacle visible to nonpriestly Israelites and the place where the sacrifices were made? This pictures the perfect standing of the man Jesus that qualified him to offer his life for mankind. It also represents the righteous standing as holy ones, imputed on the basis of Jesus’ sacrifice, that his anointed followers enjoy while on earth.a—Romans 1:7; 5:1.
Measuring the Temple Sanctuary
5. In Hebrew Scripture prophecies, what was implied by (a) the measuring of Jerusalem? (b) the measuring of Ezekiel’s visionary temple?
5 John is told to “measure the temple sanctuary of God and the altar and those worshiping in it.” What does this imply? In the Hebrew Scripture prophecies, such measuring provided a guarantee that justice would be rendered on the basis of Jehovah’s perfect standards. In the days of wicked King Manasseh, the prophetic measuring of Jerusalem testified to an unalterable judgment of destruction on that city. (2 Kings 21:13; Lamentations 2:8) Later, however, when Jeremiah saw Jerusalem being measured, this confirmed that the city would be rebuilt. (Jeremiah 31:39; see also Zechariah 2:2-8.) Likewise, the extensive and detailed measuring of the visionary temple witnessed by Ezekiel was a guarantee to the Jewish exiles in Babylon that true worship would be restored in their homeland. It was also a reminder that, in view of their errors, Israel henceforth had to measure up to God’s holy standards.—Ezekiel 40:3, 4; 43:10.
6. Of what is John’s being told to measure the temple sanctuary and the priests worshipping in it a sign? Explain.
6 Therefore, when John is commanded to measure the temple sanctuary and those priests worshipping in it, it is a sign that nothing can prevent the fulfillment of Jehovah’s purposes regarding the temple arrangement and those associated with it, and that those purposes are nearing their climax. Now that all things have been placed under the feet of Jehovah’s strong angel, it is the time for “the mountain of the house of Jehovah” to become “firmly established above the top of the mountains.” (Isaiah 2:2-4) Jehovah’s pure worship must be exalted, after centuries of Christendom’s apostasy. It is also time for those of Jesus’ faithful brothers who have died to be resurrected into “the Holy of Holies.” (Daniel 9:24; 1 Thessalonians 4:14-16; Revelation 6:11; 14:4) And the last sealed ones on earth of “the slaves of our God” must be measured according to the divine standards in order to qualify for their permanent place in the temple arrangement as spirit-begotten sons of God. The John class today is fully aware of those holy standards and is determined to measure up to them.—Revelation 7:1-3; Matthew 13:41, 42; Ephesians 1:13, 14; compare Romans 11:20.
The Trampling of the Courtyard
7. (a) Why is John told not to measure the courtyard? (b) When was the holy city trampled underfoot for 42 months? (c) How did the clergy of Christendom fail to uphold Jehovah’s righteous standards for 42 months?
7 Why was John forbidden to measure the courtyard? He tells us in these words: “But as for the courtyard that is outside the temple sanctuary, cast it clear out and do not measure it, because it has been given to the nations, and they will trample the holy city underfoot for forty-two months.” (Revelation 11:2) We have noted that the inner courtyard pictures the righteous standing on earth of spirit-begotten Christians. As we shall see, the reference here is to the literal 42 months extending from December 1914 to June 1918, when all professing Christians were put to a severe test. Would they uphold Jehovah’s righteous standards during those war years? Most did not. En bloc, the clergy of Christendom put nationalism ahead of obedience to divine law. On both sides of the war, which was fought mainly in Christendom, the clergy preached the young men into the trenches. Millions were slaughtered. By the time that judgment started with the house of God in 1918, the United States had also entered that bloodspilling, and the clergy of all of Christendom had incurred a bloodguilt that still cries out for divine vengeance. (1 Peter 4:17) Their being cast out has become permanent, irreversible.—Isaiah 59:1-3, 7, 8; Jeremiah 19:3, 4.
8. During World War I, what did many of the Bible Students realize, but what did they not fully appreciate?
8 What, though, of the small group of Bible Students? Were they to be measured immediately in 1914 by their adherence to divine standards? No. Like the professed Christians of Christendom, they too must be tested. They were ‘cast clear out, given to the nations’ to be severely tried and persecuted. Many of them realized that they should not go out and kill their fellowman, but as yet they did not fully appreciate Christian neutrality. (Micah 4:3; John 17:14, 16; 1 John 3:15) Under pressure from the nations, some compromised.
9. What is the holy city that was trampled underfoot by the nations, and on earth, who represents this city?
9 How was it, though, that the holy city was trampled underfoot by those nations? Clearly, this does not refer to the Jerusalem that was destroyed over 25 years before Revelation was written. Rather, the holy city is New Jerusalem, described later in Revelation, that is represented now on earth by the remaining anointed Christians in the temple’s inner courtyard. In time, these also will become a part of the holy city. So trampling on them is tantamount to trampling on the city itself.—Revelation 21:2, 9-21.
The Two Witnesses
10. What are Jehovah’s faithful witnesses to do while being trampled on?
10 Even while being trampled on, these loyal ones do not cease to be Jehovah’s faithful witnesses. Hence, the prophecy continues: “‘And I will cause my two witnesses to prophesy a thousand two hundred and sixty days dressed in sackcloth.’ These are symbolized by the two olive trees and the two lampstands and are standing before the Lord of the earth.”—Revelation 11:3, 4.
11. What did it mean for the faithful anointed Christians to prophesy “in sackcloth”?
11 These faithful anointed Christians needed the quality of endurance, for they had to prophesy “in sackcloth.” What did this mean? In Bible times sackcloth often symbolized mourning. Wearing it was a sign that the person had been brought low in sorrow or distress. (Genesis 37:34; Job 16:15, 16; Ezekiel 27:31) Sackcloth was associated with the mournful messages of doom or grief that God’s prophets had to proclaim. (Isaiah 3:8, 24-26; Jeremiah 48:37; 49:3) The wearing of sackcloth could indicate humility or repentance in view of divine warning. (Jonah 3:5) The sackcloth worn by the two witnesses appears to indicate their humble endurance in announcing Jehovah’s judgments. They were witnesses proclaiming his day of vengeance that would bring mourning also to the nations.—Deuteronomy 32:41-43.
12. Why does the time period during which the holy city was to be trampled underfoot seem to be literal?
12 The John class had to preach this message for a definitely stated time: 1,260 days, or 42 months, the same length of time that the holy city was to be trampled underfoot. This period seems to be literal, since it is expressed in two different ways, first in months and then in days. Additionally, at the beginning of the Lord’s day, there was a marked period of three and a half years when the hard experiences of God’s people matched the events prophesied here—starting in December 1914 and continuing to June 1918. (Revelation 1:10) They preached a “sackcloth” message concerning Jehovah’s judgment of Christendom and the world.
13. (a) What is denoted by the fact that the anointed Christians were symbolized by two witnesses? (b) What prophecy of Zechariah is brought to mind by John’s calling the two witnesses “the two olive trees and the two lampstands”?
13 The fact that they were symbolized by two witnesses confirms to us that their message was accurate and well founded. (Compare Deuteronomy 17:6; John 8:17, 18.) John calls them “the two olive trees and the two lampstands,” saying that they “are standing before the Lord of the earth.” This is an evident reference to the prophecy of Zechariah, who saw a seven-branched lampstand and two olive trees. The olive trees were said to picture “the two anointed ones,” that is, Governor Zerubbabel and High Priest Joshua, “standing alongside the Lord of the whole earth.”—Zechariah 4:1-3, 14.
14. (a) What was indicated by Zechariah’s vision of the two olive trees? and the lampstand? (b) What would the anointed Christians experience during the first world war?
14 Zechariah lived in a time of rebuilding, and his vision of the two olive trees meant that Zerubbabel and Joshua would be blessed with Jehovah’s spirit in strengthening the people for the work. The vision of the lampstand reminded Zechariah not to ‘despise the day of small things’ because Jehovah’s purposes would be carried out—“‘not by a military force, nor by power, but by my spirit,’ Jehovah of armies has said.” (Zechariah 4:6, 10; 8:9) The small band of Christians persistently carrying the light of truth to mankind during the first world war would similarly be used in a rebuilding work. They too would be a source of encouragement and, few as they were, would learn to rely on Jehovah’s strength, not despising the day of small beginnings.
15. (a) The fact that the anointed Christians were described as two witnesses also reminds us of what? Explain. (b) What kind of signs are the two witnesses authorized to perform?
15 The fact that they were described as two witnesses also reminds us of the transfiguration. In that vision, three of Jesus’ apostles saw him in Kingdom glory, accompanied by Moses and Elijah. This foreshadowed Jesus’ sitting down on his glorious throne in 1914 to accomplish a work prefigured by those two prophets. (Matthew 17:1-3) Fittingly, the two witnesses are now seen to perform signs reminiscent of those of Moses and Elijah. For example, John says of them: “And if anyone wants to harm them, fire issues forth from their mouths and devours their enemies; and if anyone should want to harm them, in this manner he must be killed. These have the authority to shut up heaven that no rain should fall during the days of their prophesying.”—Revelation 11:5, 6a.
16. (a) How does the sign involving fire remind us of the time when Moses’ authority was challenged in Israel? (b) How did Christendom’s clergy defy the Bible Students and stir up trouble for them during the first world war, and how did these fight back?
16 This reminds us of the time when Moses’ authority was challenged in Israel. That prophet uttered fiery words of judgment, and Jehovah destroyed the rebels, consuming 250 of them by literal fire from heaven. (Numbers 16:1-7, 28-35) Similarly, Christendom’s leaders defied the Bible Students, saying that these had never graduated from theological colleges. But God’s witnesses had higher credentials as ministers: those meek persons who heeded their Scriptural message. (2 Corinthians 3:2, 3) In 1917 the Bible Students published The Finished Mystery, a powerful commentary on Revelation and Ezekiel. This was followed by the distribution of 10,000,000 copies of the four-page tract The Bible Students Monthly with the feature article eninputd “The Fall of Babylon—Why Christendom Must Now Suffer—the Final Outcome.” In the United States, the irate clergy used the war hysteria as an excuse to get the book banned. In other countries the book was censored. Nevertheless, God’s servants kept fighting back with fiery issues of the four-page tract eninputd Kingdom News. As the Lord’s day proceeded, other publications would make clear Christendom’s spiritually defunct condition.—Compare Jeremiah 5:14.
17. (a) What events in the days of Elijah involved a drought and fire? (b) How did fire issue forth from the mouths of the two witnesses, and what drought was involved?
17 What of Elijah? In the days of the kings of Israel, this prophet proclaimed a drought as an expression of Jehovah’s indignation on the Baal-worshipping Israelites. It lasted three and a half years. (1 Kings 17:1; 18:41-45; Luke 4:25; James 5:17) Later, when unfaithful King Ahaziah sent soldiers to force Elijah to come into his royal presence, the prophet called down fire from heaven to consume the soldiers. Only when a military commander showed proper respect for his position as a prophet did Elijah consent to accompany him to the king. (2 Kings 1:5-16) Likewise, between 1914 and 1918, the anointed remnant boldly drew attention to the spiritual drought in Christendom and warned of fiery judgment at “the coming of the great and fear-inspiring day of Jehovah.”—Malachi 4:1, 5; Amos 8:11.
18. (a) What authority is given the two witnesses, and how was this similar to that given Moses? (b) How did the two witnesses expose Christendom?
18 John goes on to say of the two witnesses: “And they have authority over the waters to turn them into blood and to strike the earth with every sort of plague as often as they wish.” (Revelation 11:6b) In order to persuade Pharaoh to let Israel go free, Jehovah used Moses in striking oppressive Egypt with plagues, including the turning of water into blood. Centuries later, the Philistine enemies of Israel well remembered Jehovah’s acts against Egypt, causing them to cry: “Who will save us from the hand of this majestic God? This is the God that was the smiter of Egypt with every sort of slaughter [“plague,” Revised Standard Version] in the wilderness.” (1 Samuel 4:8; Psalm 105:29) Moses portrayed Jesus, who had authority to pronounce God’s judgments on the religious leaders of his day. (Matthew 23:13; 28:18; Acts 3:22) And during the first world war Christ’s brothers, the two witnesses, exposed the death-dealing quality of “the waters” that Christendom was serving to her flocks.
The Two Witnesses Are Killed
19. According to the Revelation account, what takes place when the two witnesses finish their witnessing?
19 So severe was this plague on Christendom that after the two witnesses had prophesied for 42 months in sackcloth, Christendom used her worldly influence to have them ‘killed.’ John writes: “And when they have finished their witnessing, the wild beast that ascends out of the abyss will make war with them and conquer them and kill them. And their corpses will be on the broad way of the great city which is in a spiritual sense called Sodom and Egypt, where their Lord was also impaled. And those of the peoples and tribes and tongues and nations will look at their corpses for three and a half days, and they do not let their corpses be laid in a tomb. And those dwelling on the earth rejoice over them and enjoy themselves, and they will send gifts to one another, because these two prophets tormented those dwelling on the earth.”—Revelation 11:7-10.
20. What is “the wild beast that ascends out of the abyss”?
20 This is the first of 37 references in Revelation to a wild beast. In due course we will examine this and other beasts in detail. Suffice it to say for now that “the wild beast that ascends out of the abyss” is of Satan’s design, a living political system of things.b—Compare Revelation 13:1; Daniel 7:2, 3, 17.
21. (a) How did the religious enemies of the two witnesses take advantage of the war situation? (b) The fact that the corpses of the two witnesses were left unburied indicated what? (c) How is the time period of three and a half days to be viewed? (See footnote.)
21 From 1914 to 1918 the nations were occupied with the first world war. Nationalistic feelings ran high, and in the spring of 1918, the religious enemies of the two witnesses took advantage of the situation. They maneuvered the State’s legal apparatus so that responsible ministers of the Bible Students were imprisoned on false charges of sedition. Faithful coworkers were stunned. Kingdom activity almost ceased. It was as though the preaching work were dead. In Bible times it was a terrible indignity not to be interred in a memorial tomb. (Psalm 79:1-3; 1 Kings 13:21, 22) Therefore, great reproach would attach to leaving the two witnesses unburied. In the hot Palestinian climate, a corpse in the open street would really start to smell after three and a half literal days.c (Compare John 11:39.) This detail in the prophecy thus indicates the shame that the two witnesses had to endure. Those mentioned above who were imprisoned were even denied bail while their cases were on appeal. They were exposed publicly long enough to become a stench to the inhabitants of “the great city.” But what was this “great city”?
22. (a) What is the great city? (b) How did the public press join in with the clergy in rejoicing over the silencing of the two witnesses? (See box.)
22 John gives us some clues. He says that Jesus was impaled there. So we immediately think of Jerusalem. But he also says that the great city is called Sodom and Egypt. Well, literal Jerusalem was once called Sodom because of her unclean practices. (Isaiah 1:8-10; compare Ezekiel 16:49, 53-58.) And Egypt, the first world power, sometimes appears as a picture of this world system of things. (Isaiah 19:1, 19; Joel 3:19) Hence, this great city pictures a defiled “Jerusalem” that claims to worship God but that has become unclean and sinful, like Sodom, and a part of this satanic world system of things, like Egypt. It pictures Christendom, the modern equivalent of unfaithful Jerusalem, the organization whose members had so much reason to rejoice when they silenced the disturbing preaching of the two witnesses.
Raised Again!
23. (a) What happens to the two witnesses after three and a half days, and what is the effect on their enemies? (b) When did Revelation 11:11, 12 and Ezekiel’s prophecy of Jehovah’s breathing upon a valley of dry bones have a modern-day fulfillment?
23 The public press joined the clergy in vilifying God’s people, one paper saying: “The finis of The Finished Mystery has been given.” Nothing, though, could have been further from the truth! The two witnesses did not stay dead. We read: “And after the three and a half days spirit of life from God entered into them, and they stood upon their feet, and great fear fell upon those beholding them. And they heard a loud voice out of heaven say to them: ‘Come on up here.’ And they went up into heaven in the cloud, and their enemies beheld them.” (Revelation 11:11, 12) Thus, they had an experience similar to that of the dry bones in the valley that Ezekiel visited in vision. Jehovah breathed upon those dry bones, and they came to life, providing a picture of the rebirth of the nation of Israel after 70 years of captivity in Babylon. (Ezekiel 37:1-14) These two prophecies, in Ezekiel and in Revelation, had their striking modern-day fulfillment in 1919, when Jehovah restored his “deceased” witnesses to vibrant life.
24. When the two witnesses came to life, what was the effect on their religious persecutors?
24 What a shock for those persecutors! The corpses of the two witnesses were suddenly alive and active again. It was a bitter pill for those clergymen to swallow, the more so since the Christian ministers whom they had schemed to put in prison were free again, later to be fully exonerated. The shock must have been even greater when, in September 1919, the Bible Students held a convention in Cedar Point, Ohio, U.S.A. Here J. F. Rutherford, recently released from prison, stirred conventioners with his talk “Announcing the Kingdom,” based on Revelation 15:2 and Isaiah 52:7. Those of the John class began once again to “prophesy,” or preach publicly. They advanced from strength to strength, fearlessly exposing Christendom’s hypocrisy.
25. (a) When were the two witnesses told, “Come on up here,” and how did that take place? (b) What shocking effect did the restoration of the two witnesses have on the great city?
25 Christendom tried again and again to repeat her triumph of 1918. She resorted to mob action, legal maneuvering, imprisonment, even executions—all to no avail! After 1919 the spiritual domain of the two witnesses was out of her reach. In that year Jehovah had said to them: “Come on up here,” and they had ascended to an elevated spiritual state where their enemies could see them but could not touch them. John describes the shocking effect their restoration had on the great city: “And in that hour a great earthquake occurred, and a tenth of the city fell; and seven thousand persons were killed by the earthquake, and the rest became frightened and gave glory to the God of heaven.” (Revelation 11:13) There were truly great convulsions in the realm of religion. The ground seemed to move under the leaders of the established churches as this body of revivified Christians got to work. One tenth of their city, figuratively 7,000 persons, were so profoundly affected that they are spoken of as being killed.
26. Who are represented by the “tenth of the city” and the “seven thousand” of Revelation 11:13? Explain.
26 The expression “a tenth of the city” reminds us that Isaiah prophesied regarding ancient Jerusalem that a tenth would survive the destruction of the city as a holy seed. (Isaiah 6:13) Similarly, the number 7,000 reminds us that when Elijah felt that he alone remained faithful in Israel, Jehovah told him that there were, in fact, still 7,000 who had not bent down to Baal. (1 Kings 19:14, 18) In the first century, the apostle Paul said that these 7,000 pictured the remnant of the Jews who had responded to the good news about the Christ. (Romans 11:1-5) These scriptures help us to understand that the “seven thousand” and the “tenth of the city” in Revelation 11:13 are those who respond to the restored two witnesses and abandon the sinful great city. They die, as it were, to Christendom. Their names are taken off her membership rolls. They no longer exist as far as she is concerned.d
27, 28. (a) How did ‘the rest give glory to the God of heaven?’ (b) What were Christendom’s clergy forced to acknowledge?
27 But how did ‘the rest [of Christendom] give glory to the God of heaven’? Certainly not by abandoning their apostate religion and becoming servants of God. Rather, it is as explained in Vincent’s Word Studies in the New Testament, in discussing the expression “gave glory to the God of heaven.” There it is stated: “The phrase signifies not conversion, nor repentance, nor thanksgiving, but recognition, which is its usual sense in scripture. Compare Josh. vii. 19 (Sept.). John ix. 24; Acts xii. 23; Rom. iv. 20.” To her chagrin, Christendom had to acknowledge that the God of the Bible Students had performed a great act in restoring them to Christian activity.
28 It may be that the clergy gave this acknowledgment only mentally, or to themselves. Certainly, none of them went on record as publicly acknowledging the God of the two witnesses. But Jehovah’s prophecy through John helps us to discern what was in their hearts and realize the humiliating shock that they experienced in 1919. From that year onward, as the “seven thousand” left Christendom despite her determined efforts to hold on to her sheep, the clergy were forced to recognize that the God of the John class was stronger than their god. In later years they would realize this even more clearly, as many more of their flock would depart, echoing the words of the people when Elijah triumphed over the Baal religionists at Mount Carmel: “Jehovah is the true God! Jehovah is the true God!”—1 Kings 18:39.
29. What does John say is coming quickly, and what further shaking awaits Christendom?
29 But listen! John tells us: “The second woe is past. Look! The third woe is coming quickly.” (Revelation 11:14) If Christendom is shaken by what has happened so far, what will she do when the third woe is announced, the seventh angel blows his trumpet, and the sacred secret of God is finally finished?—Revelation 10:7.
[Footnotes]
a For a full discussion of this great spiritual temple, see the articles “Jehovah’s Great Spiritual Temple” in the July 1, 1996, issue of The Watchtower and “The One True Temple at Which to Worship” in the December 1, 1972, issue.
b The “abyss” (Greek, aʹbys·sos; Hebrew, tehohmʹ) refers symbolically to a place of inactivity. (See Revelation 9:2.) In a literal sense, however, it can also refer to the vast sea. The Hebrew word is often translated “watery deep.” (Psalm 71:20; 106:9; Jonah 2:5) Thus, “the wild beast that ascends out of the abyss” can be identified with the “wild beast ascending out of the sea.”—Revelation 11:7; 13:1.
c Notice that in examining the experiences of God’s people at this time, it appears that while the 42 months represent a literal three and a half years, the three and a half days do not represent a literal period of 84 hours. Likely, the specific period of three and a half days is mentioned twice (in verses 9 and 11) to highlight that it would be only a short period compared with the actual three and a half years of activity that precede it.
d Compare the use of the words “dead,” “died,” and “living” in such scriptures as Romans 6:2, 10, 11; 7:4, 6, 9; Galatians 2:19; Colossians 2:20; 3:3.
[Box on page 168]
The Rejoicing of Revelation 11:10
In his book Preachers Present Arms, published in 1933, Ray H. Abrams refers to the clergy’s bitter opposition to the Bible Students’ book The Finished Mystery. He reviews the clergy’s endeavors to rid themselves of the Bible Students and their “pestilential persuasion.” This led to the court case that resulted in sentencing of J. F. Rutherford and seven companions to long years of imprisonment. Dr. Abrams adds: “An analysis of the whole case leads to the conclusion that the churches and the clergy were originally behind the movement to stamp out the Russellites. In Canada, in February, 1918, the ministers began a systematic campaign against them and their publications, particularly The Finished Mystery. According to the Winnipeg Tribune, . . . the suppression of their book was believed to have been directly brought about by the ‘representations of the clergy.’”
Dr. Abrams continues: “When the news of the twenty-year sentences reached the editors of the religious press, practically every one of these publications, great and small, rejoiced over the event. I have been unable to discover any words of sympathy in any of the orthodox religious journals. ‘There can be no question,’ concluded Upton Sinclair, that ‘the persecution . . . sprang in part from the fact that they had won the hatred of “orthodox” religious bodies.’ What the combined efforts of the churches had failed to do the government now seemed to have succeeded in accomplishing for them.” After quoting the derogatory comments of a number of religious publications, the writer referred to the reversal of the decision in the Court of Appeals and remarked: “This verdict was greeted with silence in the churches.”
[Picture on page 163]
John measures the spiritual temple—standards are to be met by the anointed priesthood
[Pictures on page 165]
The rebuilding work by Zerubbabel and Joshua indicated that in the Lord’s day small beginnings would be followed by great increase among Jehovah’s Witnesses. Facilities such as the ones shown above, which are in Brooklyn, New York, have had to be greatly expanded in order to help meet their needs
[Pictures on page 166]
Fiery judgment messages proclaimed by the two witnesses were foreshadowed by the prophetic work of Moses and Elijah
[Pictures on page 169]
Like the dry bones of Ezekiel chapter 37, the two witnesses are reactivated for the modern-day preaching work |
More to Life (ml)
1975 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/more-to-life-ml | There Is Much More to Life!
1. Why do so many find so little enjoyment in life? (Ecclesiastes 1:14, 15; 2:17, 18)
PROSPERITY, peace, a good life! How desirable these things are! But how do you spend your days? Men who support their families often work at jobs that they do not enjoy, and not a few constantly face the threat of unemployment. For many housewives, there are long days of drudgery, with little relief day after day and no great satisfaction. Great numbers of young people grow up with a similar life-prospect. Even for the few who feel that life has treated them more kindly, the future is clouded with uncertainty.
2. How does the future look for mankind? (Isaiah 60:2)
2 Really, is that all there is to life? Look where you will in the world, the system seems to be ailing badly. It has its energy crises and runaway inflation, food shortages and pollution of the environment, revolutions, cold and hot wars, stockpiling of nuclear weapons, racial problems and surging disoutput among the masses of mankind. No part of the earth is free from problems that pose a threat to human life and survival!
3. Why should we care about the future? (Revelation 3:10)
3 Some people seem to have the attitude, ‘Who cares, so long as it does not touch me?’ But how shortsighted! The inescapable conclusion is that very soon these problems will touch the lives of everyone.
4, 5. (a) What attitude do the majority of mankind seem to take, and why? (b) Why might the Bible have the solution? (2 Timothy 3:16, 17; Romans 15:4; 1 Corinthians 10:11)
4 Human leaders have proposed possible solutions—on an international scale, in the fields of economics, science and politics. But have not all of these proved to be empty and unsatisfying? Most of the proposed schemes for relief never even ‘get off the ground.’ None of the world leaders can present a genuine long-range solution. As a result, the majority of mankind seem to be without a purpose in life; they take the general attitude, “Let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we are to die.”
5 These last-quoted words are found in the Bible, at 1 Corinthians 15:32,a but in a context that encourages a positive viewpoint. Could it be that the Bible holds the solution to mankind’s problems? There are many people, of course, who reject the Bible. But, in view of the precarious state of world affairs, perhaps it is time to take another look at the Bible. After all, this is a very ancient book, parts of it having been written over 3,400 years ago. It has won the respect of people of all races of mankind. It has been translated into the greatest number of living languages and its distribution has far exceeded that of any other publication in human history. Well, then, does it show us that there is much more to life?
Finding the Answers to Life’s Problems
6. How does the Bible view Christendom? (James 1:27; 5:3-5)
6 Some critics of the Bible have pointed to Christendom’s record of plundering the poorer people, and of shedding much innocent blood through crusades, inquisitions and the wars of this twentieth century. ‘If that is how the Bible causes people to act, we want nothing of it,’ they say. But the truth is that such bloodguilty men have simply used the Bible as a cloak for unchristian deeds. The Bible itself strongly condemns their actions, and shows them to be counterfeit Christians. The Bible advocates living a truly moral life.
7, 8. (a) What questions might the Bible answer? (Matthew 7:7) (b) How has the Bible helped many persons? (Psalm 119:105, 165)
7 Other critics claim that the Bible is unscientific and out of date, and that it is a book of myths. But is this so? We today are in need of convincing answers to the vital questions that affect our lives, such as: Where did man come from? What is the meaning of present conditions? Will human life be destroyed from the earth? What does the future hold for mankind?
8 The Bible answers these and many other questions that people frequently ask. Far from dealing in myths, the Bible deals in realities. The fact is, it has guided persons in every part of the world to use their lives in a way that brings them real satisfaction and outputment. When you examine the Bible, you will find that it provides answers to your questions, and gives you practical help toward finding real happiness in your life. It will help you to make life meaningful.
How the Universe Came to Exist
9, 10. (a) According to the Bible, what is the origin of the universe? (Isaiah 45:12, 18) (b) How does the universe itself testify concerning creation? (Hebrews 3:4)
9 If we want to find out what life is all about, one of the fundamental questions that must be answered is: What is the origin of life? In other words, Where did we come from? Is there a purpose in our being alive? The Bible says that “God created the heavens and the earth.” (Genesis 1:1) But modern-day thinkers ask: Is there really an Almighty God—a Creator? Is it not true that many people believe the universe to be a product of evolution?
10 Have you ever visited a planetarium? If so, you have no doubt marveled at the intricate mechanism designed to project the exact representation of the heavens on the curved dome, and also at the accurate movement of the model of our solar system. You may have thought, What a fine product of man’s photographic and engineering skill! But think for a moment. If it required talented humans to devise such a likeness of the universe, surely it required a far more talented Intellect to construct the stupendous universe itself.
11. What have some learned worldly thinkers been compelled to admit? (Romans 1:20-23)
11 It was in the nineteenth century that Charles Darwin theorized that the universe is all a product of evolution. But do you, also, think that no one made all of this? Do you think that life came about by accident? Many intelligent persons find that the evolution theory is deficient. For example, historian Arnold Toynbee stated:
“I do not think that the Darwinian theory of evolution has given a positive account of an alternative way in which the universe may have been brought into existence.”1
Why, even Darwin, in discussing the source of life, admitted:
“Another source of conviction in the existence of God, connected with the reason and not with the feelings, impresses me . . . This follows from the extreme difficulty or rather impossibility of conceiving this immense and wonderful universe, including man with his capacity of looking backwards and far into futurity, as the result of blind chance or necessity. When thus reflecting, I feel compelled to look to a First Cause.”2
12. What should we humbly acknowledge, and why? (Acts 14:15-17)
12 Yes, plain logic tells us that there must be a great First Cause, a Creator—God! And when we reflect that man’s most powerful telescopes can only begin to probe the depths of His marvelous universe, we should humbly acknowledge that man’s wisdom and abilities are indeed dwarfed by the excelling wisdom and power of God. As we shall see, God cannot be left out of the picture if we want to enjoy a happy and meaningful life. He must have had a purpose in creating the universe, including our earth. As we learn more about his grand purposes, we can expect to find that there is much more to life!
How Life on Earth Began
13. Why is this earth outstanding in God’s creation? (Psalm 104:24)
13 Let us turn our attention now to this small speck in the expanse of the universe—earth itself. This earth has a particular beauty. It is clothed with color, and is enriched with a wonderful variety of living things. It has life on it. One of the astronauts that journeyed to the moon described it in these words:
“In the whole universe, wherever we looked, the only bit of color was back on the earth. There we could see the royal blue of the seas, the tans and browns of the land, and the whites of the clouds. . . . It was the most beautiful thing to see, in all the heavens. People down here don’t realize what they have.”3
There is no question that this earth stands out as a gem in the vast universe. It is indeed full of life. And surely there must be a purpose in all of this life! Let us see if we can find out what this purpose is.
14. Where did life come from, and how? (Psalm 104:30, 31)
14 It is not too difficult to find out where life came from. A Bible writer pointed to that Source 3,000 years ago when he declared:
“How precious your loving-kindness is, O God! . . . For with you is the source of life; by light from you we can see light.”—Psalm 36:7, 9.
Some hardened critics of the Bible have had to concede that God is the Source of life. Even evolutionist Darwin acknowledged that originally life must have been “breathed by the Creator into a few forms or into one.”4 But if God could breathe life into “a few forms,” why would he not in the same way breathe it into hundreds of created “kinds,” each in its turn? The Bible says he did just that! He created each living thing “according to its kind.” (Genesis 1:12, 21, 24, 25) God’s creation of the first man is described in these words:
“And Jehovah God proceeded to form the man out of dust from the ground and to blow into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man came to be a living soul.”—Genesis 2:7.
According to the Bible, that is how human life got to be here, just 6,000 years ago—by direct creation from God. It is vital that we understand that fact in order to appreciate that there is much more to life.
15. Could life have come about by chance? (Psalm 100:3)
15 In contrast with the Bible’s straightforward account of creation, some of the explanations by evolutionists read like fantasies. For example, one evolutionary scientist writes this way:
“Once upon a time, very long ago, perhaps two and a half billion years ago, under a deadly sun, in an ammoniated ocean topped by a poisonous atmosphere, in the midst of a soup of organic molecules, a nucleic acid molecule came accidentally into being that could somehow bring about the existence of another like itself—and from that all else would follow!” (Italics inserted)5
Does that convince you? Evolutionist Lecomte du Noüy calculated the chance that one protein molecule could produce itself, under favorable conditions, in an ocean of chemicals the size of the earth. He said it could happen only once in 10243 (that is the figure 1 followed by 243 zeros) billions of years.6 However, a living cell is made up of, not one, but hundreds of protein molecules, as well as many other complex substances! Surely life did not come about by chance!
16. Why may evolution be termed a “myth”? (1 Timothy 1:3, 4)
16 There is so much in the evolution theory that conflicts with the facts! For example, it is an unchangeable genetic law for all living things, plant, animal and human, that each can reproduce only according to its kind. There may be changes within the kind, as can be observed in the many types of dogs. But the dog kind always reproduces dogs. It cannot be crossed with the cat, or with other kinds. Much to the disappointment of the evolutionists, fossil remains in the rocks have failed to come up with the predicted “missing instructions” between kinds. Moreover, “mutations,” or cellular changes, have almost always been harmful—the reverse of what evolution claims—producing in the case of mankind only mongoloids or other deficient humans. No wonder that certain reputable scientists are now describing evolution by such terms as “myth,”7 “judicious guessing”8 and “the greatest fairy tale ever to masquerade under the name of science.”9
17. In what ways is man more wonderfully made than the animals? (Genesis 1:27, 28)
17 But man himself is no “myth.” He lives. His very existence as an intelligent, moral creature, made “in God’s image” and governed by conscience, sets him apart completely from all the lower forms of life. So, there should be much more to life than merely subsisting like animals. A tremendous gulf separates man from the animals. What animal spends as much as twenty years in caring for and training each of its young? It is man alone that can exercise the marvelous qualities of love, kindness, foresight, inventiveness and appreciation for beauty, the arts and music. In thankfulness for being so richly endowed, should not all humans who love life join ancient King David in his expression: “O Jehovah, . . . I shall laud you because in a fear-inspiring way I am wonderfully made”?—Psalm 139:4, 14.
What “Evolution” Has Done to Lives
18, 19. How has evolution affected (a) morals? (Psalm 10:3, 4) (b) the attitude of rulers? (1 John 3:15)
18 Why has evolution found ready acceptance by so many persons today? One reason is that it has been the popular, fashionable thing for a person to go along with it. Also, it has provided an escape route for independent or immoral persons who want to ‘do their own thing’ without feeling responsibility to a Creator or his moral laws. In The Outline of History, H. G. Wells describes how the theory of evolution developed, and says: “It was bringing nothing constructive . . . to replace the old moral stand-bys. A real demoralization ensued.”10 It was contributing nothing toward making life worth while.
19 Historian Wells tells of a further result of evolutionary teaching as follows: “Prevalent people . . . believed that they prevailed by virtue of the Struggle for Existence, in which the strong and cunning get the better of the weak and confiding. . . . So it seemed right to them that the big dogs of the human pack should bully and subdue.”11 Thus evolution provided “Christendom” with self-justification for waging brutal war. The book Evolution and Christians attributes the tragedy of the first world war in 1914 and later the evil excesses of Nazism to Darwinian teaching.12 In the same way, evolution must accept its share of responsibility for the rise of Communism. Karl Marx is said to have rejoiced at reading Darwin’s Origin of Species, which he described as giving “the death blow” to God.13 He also said:
“Darwin’s book is very important and serves me as a basis for the class struggle in history.”14
To this day, Communistic nations pursue their goal of world domination on the basis of the evolutionary teaching of “survival of the fittest.” Other nations join the fight for survival and the result is the massive armaments race of this nuclear age. The life of all humankind is in jeopardy.
20. How could belief in evolution affect your own life? (Colossians 2:8)
20 How does this affect your own life? It can be quite damaging for you personally to get caught up in the evolution theory. If evolution were true, life would become purposeless and meaningless. It would be just the “rat race” of struggling to survive, and with only death as the final outcome. Believing in the “survival of the fittest,” the evolutionist has no incentive to love his fellowman, to live a decent moral life or to behave differently from brute beasts. Evolution is entirely negative in its effect on mankind. It cannot give a satisfactory answer to any of the questions about life. But the Bible can.
Why Is Life So Filled With Problems?
21, 22. (a) To what may man’s present situation be compared? (b) What “sign” did Adam fail to obey, and with what result? (Genesis 2:15-17; 3:17-19)
21 The situation may be compared to a family traveling along a beautiful highway. It leads through a glorious paradise. Everything is favorable for a good journey. However, they see a broad road to the side with a sign: “Danger—Do Not Enter.” Curiosity and an independent spirit get the better of them. They enter that road and travel farther and farther away from the highway. At last, there is a steep downgrade. They are now traveling out of control. It is impossible for them to make it back to the highway. Brakes have failed. There is no stopping. They plunge downhill faster and faster. Finally they crash over a precipice to their destruction.
22 The Bible shows it is just like that with mankind. God put up a “road sign” for the first man in the Garden of Eden: ‘You must not eat of this one fruit.’ The man and his wife were required to show their love for God by obeying that simple command. But they failed to do so. They willfully strayed off the highway and they entered the roadway of sin that leads to death and destruction under God’s judgment. At Romans 5:12 we read: “Through one man sin entered into the world and death through sin, and thus death spread to all men because they had all sinned.” Thus, because we are the descendants of disobedient Adam, we have all had to travel this disagreeable road, far removed from the perfection that the parents of the human family enjoyed in paradise. How bumpy and unpleasant has that road become in recent years! It is a broad one-way road, and none of the politicians or wise men of the world have been able to show the human family the way back. For each individual on it, the end of the road is death. And destruction of the entire world of mankind has become a distinct possibility.
23, 24. (a) What does John 14:6 mean, and how is it true of Jesus? (b) How would it benefit you to return to that highway? (John 3:16)
23 But, look! A ray of light shines onto a side road, a narrow way that leads back from the broad road toward the highway. At first sight, it looks extremely cramped. It would be difficult to make the turn into it. The large family of people who are now traveling recklessly down the broad road choose to ignore the narrow way. They prefer to go along with the crowd. The great majority of the people keep to the broad road for convenience and for the temporary thrills that it provides. They pay no heed to further warnings of danger ahead. But some alert persons turn into the narrow way. It presents some hardships for them, and they have to be watchful, but, in time, it becomes pleasant for traveling. And in the end it leads them to a restored paradise of plenty. What a pleasure it is for them to feast their eyes on that delightful, peaceful paradise!
24 Again, as the Bible shows, it is the same with the human family. While the majority insist on their independence, and go along with the crowd in traveling the broad road to destruction, a way of return has opened up. While he was here on this earth, Jesus, the Son of God, called attention to this, saying: “I am the way and the truth and the life.” (John 14:6) Because Jesus faithfully did God’s will on earth, even to sacrificing his life in behalf of the human family, God appointed him to be “the Chief Agent of Life.” He also came into the world to “bear witness to the truth” and to make known God’s purposes. (Acts 3:15; John 18:37) He alone is able to show members of the human family the way back to the beautiful highway that leads on to the full enjoyment of a happy life in the earthly paradise of God.
25. Why is life in the paradise earth most desirable? (Revelation 21:3, 4)
25 Would you not like to journey on such a highway, right on to an earth made glorious, and with the prospect of living forever in perfect health and happiness? Truly, there would be much more to that kind of life!
26. How important is it that you really learn the truth? (John 8:31, 32)
26 It is by exercising faith in God’s Chief Agent of life that we can find the “way” to that life. Living is so different when it has purpose, and when there is firm hope of a satisfying, rewarding life stretching far into the future. And how may we realize that hope? Jesus himself answers, in prayer to his Father: “This means everlasting life, their taking in knowledge of you, the only true God, and of the one whom you sent forth, Jesus Christ.” (John 17:3) By diligently searching the Scriptures, we can learn the truth; and by applying it daily, we can even now start really to live!
World Conditions That Affect Your Life
27. In what situation do we now find ourselves? (2 Timothy 3:1)
27 Admittedly, world conditions are worsening. In the big cities, poverty and crime are on the increase. Wherever you live, you are paying more for your bread, more for your meat, and the cost of just keeping alive is spiraling. In many places, lawlessness walks the streets. Greater violence and even war seem liable to erupt at any time. It is as though mankind is making its final plunge down the road to destruction.
28. Who is behind all the trouble, and what is his goal? (2 Corinthians 4:4)
28 What is the force behind all of this? It is a wicked spirit person, “the great dragon . . . , the original serpent, the one called Devil and Satan, who is misleading the entire inhabited earth.” He pulls the strings behind the nations’ diplomacy. However, God’s time has now arrived to replace Satan’s authority by a harmonious, loving rule of mankind through Christ’s heavenly kingdom. It is His time to bring those who love life right back to the highway to enjoy eternal life in happiness. But Satan refuses to vacate. Hence, today, it is “woe for the earth . . . because the Devil has come down to you, having great anger, knowing he has a short period of time.” (Revelation 12:9, 12) His goal is to plunge humankind into destruction.
29. What is God’s purpose for this time? (Psalm 37:9-11)
29 There is no question about it! Wherever you look on earth today, there is evidence that “the whole world is lying in the power of the wicked one,” Satan. (1 John 5:19) But God will not permit Satan to succeed in his evil intention! True, destruction of this world society is imminent. But God purposes to save lives. In the prophecies written in the Bible, he shows just how he will do this.
How Bible Prophecy Helps to Save Lives
30. Why can you be confident that Bible prophecies concerning our day will be fulfilled? (2 Peter 1:19-21; Daniel 9:24-27)
30 Many Bible prophecies have already had a remarkable fulfillment. For example, hundreds of years before Jesus appeared on this earth, these prophecies foretold the exact dates of his preaching activity—29 to 33 C.E.—as well as numerous details of his life and death. All these things were fulfilled. Also, Jesus himself spoke some outstanding prophecies. One of these was about “the conclusion of the system of things.” It had a notable fulfillment on the Jewish system of things in the first century.
31, 32. How did prophecy help to save lives in 70 C.E.? (Luke 21:20-24)
31 According to Matthew 24:3, 15-22, Jesus pointed forward to Jerusalem’s being besieged by the “disgusting thing,” the armies of imperial Rome. In his prophecy he said that when Christians saw this they should begin “fleeing to the mountains.” Thirty-four years later, when those armies actually came, they fulfilled many features of Jesus’ prophecy, such as encircling the city by “a fortification with pointed stakes” and penetrating to stand even in the “holy place,” as far as to the western wall of Jerusalem’s temple. (Luke 19:43; Matthew 24:15) But how could the Christians leave the city in this seemingly impossible situation?
32 Suddenly, and without apparent reason, the Roman armies withdrew! In obedience to Jesus’ command, the Christians could now flee for their lives to the mountains across the Jordan River. Later, the Roman armies returned under General Titus, and in 70 C.E. Jerusalem and its temple were razed to the ground. Siege, famine and the sword took the lives of 1,100,000 nationalistic Jews, and 97,000 were led captive into slavery, according to the historian Josephus. But by obeying Bible prophecy those who really loved life escaped with their lives!
33. What situation today parallels the last days of the Jewish system? (Luke 21:25, 26)
33 Jesus was using these foretold events of the first century as a pattern of world-shaking happenings yet to occur in the generation from 1914 C.E. onward. Lives need to be saved today too! For now we have arrived at “the conclusion of the system of things,” the entire world system under Satan’s control. How clearly do events since 1914 prove this to be so! In final fulfillment of Jesus’ prophecy, that year saw “a beginning of pangs of distress” as ‘nation rose against nation’ in the bloodbath of World War I. As foretold, this was followed by “great earthquakes, . . . pestilences and food shortages.” A second world war, far more terrible than the first, followed, and the “increasing of lawlessness” is now plaguing the earth. (Matthew 24:7-13; Luke 21:10, 11) The nations are in anguish. None of them know the way out.
34. How does God act to save lives? (Daniel 2:44)
34 But God knows! Speaking of his judging the selfish kingdoms, or nations, of earth, God declares that he “will set up a kingdom that will never be brought to ruin,” and which “will crush and put an end to all these kingdoms.” (Daniel 2:44) It will then bestow life under peaceable conditions on all who have accepted Jesus’ Kingdom rule. To aid all of such life-seeking persons, true Christians today engage in a lifesaving work in fulfillment of the further part of Jesus’ great prophecy: “And this good news of the kingdom will be preached in all the inhabited earth for a witness to all the nations; and then the end will come.”—Matthew 24:14.
35. (a) When and how will the end come? (b) How may heeding prophecy benefit you? (Luke 21:34-36)
35 Of course, we are most interested in knowing just when “the end will come.” For truly our lives are involved! In Job 24:1 we read: “The day of reckoning is no secret to the Almighty, though those who know him have no hint of its date.” (The New English Bible) But it must be close at hand! For Jesus says concerning persons who saw the “pangs of distress” start in 1914 C.E.: “This generation will by no means pass away until all these things occur.” (Matthew 24:34) Included in “all these things” is the destruction of the corrupted society of today, as Jesus had just described it: “Then there will be great tribulation such as has not occurred since the world’s beginning until now, no, nor will occur again. In fact, unless those days were cut short, no flesh would be saved; but on account of the chosen ones those days will be cut short.” (Matthew 24:21, 22) If the “great tribulation” were not cut short, mankind would, of itself, perish off the earth! But, happily, all those who love God may escape with their lives. “Jehovah is guarding all those loving him, but all the wicked ones he will annihilate.” (Psalm 145:20) If you heed the Bible prophecy, you, too, can escape and keep on living.
The Way to Survive for Eternal Life
36. How would you apply 1 John 2:15-17 in your daily life? (Mark 12:28-31)
36 Will you be among the survivors? That depends on whether you turn off the broad road that plunges on toward destruction. It depends on your obeying the road signs along the way that leads to life. If you really want to live, it is not too hard. It means learning to love God and neighbor. As 1 John 5:3 states, “This is what the love of God means, that we observe his commandments.” Some of the things that he requires of us are stated earlier in this letter of John’s (1Jo 2:15-17):
“Do not be loving either the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him; because everything in the world—the desire of the flesh and the desire of the eyes and the showy display of one’s means of life—does not originate with the Father, but originates with the world. Furthermore, the world is passing away and so is its desire, but he that does the will of God remains forever.”
In order to remain alive forever, receiving God’s protection and favor clear through the “great tribulation” and on into the restored paradise, we must turn away from the things that God hates—the immorality, the greed, the dishonesty, the lying, the thievery and the conflicts of the world. By doing this we can also make life worth living now.
37. (a) In what way must we be “no part of the world”? (John 15:17-19) (b) How can you show support for God’s kingdom? (Matthew 6:33)
37 Jesus himself said of his disciples: “They are no part of the world, just as I am no part of the world.” (John 17:16) How would we apply this in our lives? It means we should separate ourselves from the aims and programs of a world that is actually heading for destruction under its god and ruler, Satan the “wicked one.” In our daily lives, we need to be nonparticipants in worldly activities that are in conflict with God’s rule. As Matthew 24:3 and Mt 25:31 show, the sign of “the conclusion of the system of things” is also the sign of Jesus’ “presence” in heaven with Kingdom power. Therefore, from the year 1914, the prophecy is also fulfilled that “the kingdom of the world did become the kingdom of our Lord [God] and of his Christ, and he will rule as king forever and ever.” (Revelation 11:15) Now is the time to give support to that kingdom! Our future life depends on God’s kingdom. Can we, then, conscientiously support the wars, the revolutions, the political movements or the worldly schemes of our time? These are certain to fail in their objectives. For they are claiming to do what God’s kingdom alone can do. The entire system is doomed. So why share in trying to patch it up? Rather, let us give wholehearted support to the certain remedy—God’s kingdom!
38. What attitude should we take toward rulers today? (Luke 20:25)
38 Does this mean we must become anarchists? Far from it! For “God is a God, not of disorder, but of peace.” (1 Corinthians 14:33) So long as existing governments continue, God expects us to obey their laws and respect their rulers. Says Romans 13:1: “Let every soul be in subjection to the superior authorities.” This means giving “Caesar” (the government) his due by paying taxes and keeping all the laws, provided they do not conflict with God’s law.—Mark 12:17.
39. How can you show neighbor love? (1 Corinthians 13:4-7)
39 In addition to love for God, we must show love for our neighbor. Where better can we start than in our own families! But how can we do this? The Bible answers simply, at Colossians 3:18-21:
“You wives, be in subjection to your husbands, as it is becoming in the Lord. You husbands, keep on loving your wives and do not be bitterly angry with them. You children, be obedient to your parents in everything, for this is well-pleasing in the Lord. You fathers, do not be exasperating your children, so that they do not become downhearted.”
A fine basis, indeed, for building a united family! And not only in the family, but in relations with all others, we can cultivate qualities of “compassion, kindness, lowliness of mind, mildness, and long-suffering.” And what is the principal thing? “Besides all these things, clothe yourselves with love, for it is a perfect bond of union.”—Colossians 3:12, 14.
40. What kind of people are Jehovah’s witnesses? (John 13:34, 35)
40 You may ask, Is there any group of people on earth today who really apply in their lives this love of God and neighbor? There is such a group. If there is a Kingdom Hall in your neighborhood, you need only to look that far to find them. They are an international group, numbering into the millions. For the most part, they are just ordinary folk, no different in background from most of their neighbors, and usually they follow the same daily occupations as do others of their community. But their first love is for their God. They look forward to His will being done on earth, and they live their lives accordingly. Hence, they are zealous in studying the Bible, applying its principles in their everyday living and telling its message to their neighbors. They are Jehovah’s Christian witnesses. Why not meet with them at the Kingdom Hall in your community? You will find that there is no ritual, no passing of collection plates, no stiff formalism. Instead, you will find a warmhearted people who are even now getting a great deal of satisfaction out of life, and who are looking forward to everlasting life in perfection on a paradise earth.
41. How have the Witnesses solved major problems? (Acts 10:34, 35)
41 Would you not like to associate with people that have this hope and live by it? They have a worldwide unity that has been brought about through living by Bible principles. In their own ranks they have solved the problems that nations have worked on unsuccessfully for centuries, such as war, racism and nationalism. Because they live by the Bible, they are basically free of problems related to violence, crime, dishonesty and immorality among themselves. They are not plagued by social ills. Even if one of their number should err seriously, though this is rare, he is lovingly rehabilitated when he repents. Knowing that God “made out of one man every nation of men, to dwell upon the entire surface of the earth,” they do not allow their view of each individual human to be influenced by his social standing, his education or lack thereof, his nationality or the color of his skin.—Acts 17:26.
Why There Is Much More to Life!
42. What future awaits those who love life? (Psalm 72:1-8)
42 A glorious future awaits those who love life and who act now to save their lives. What will that future be like? It will be nothing like the humdrum life that so many of the human family experience today. “The former things”—the sorrow, death and pain of this present system—will “have passed away.” So, what will follow? God himself declares: “Look! I am making all things new.” (Revelation 21:4, 5) In the new system of things, the heavenly king, Jesus Christ, will rule lovingly as an “Eternal Father” over the entire family of mankind. “To the abundance of [his] princely rule and to peace there will be no end.” Justice and righteousness will be the foundations of that kingdom. (Isaiah 9:6, 7) How satisfying and enjoyable life will be under those conditions! It will have purpose, in doing God’s will on earth with love toward our fellowman. Jesus assures us that even those in the graves “will hear his voice” and come forth to enjoy that paradise earth.—John 5:28, 29.
43. How may you have your life spared? (Zephaniah 2:2, 3)
43 This “present wicked system of things” is about to take its plunge off the broad road into destruction. But you need not take the plunge with it. In association with God’s own people—those who love life—you may have your life spared when God comes forth to destroy the bloodguilty nations of earth:
“Go, my people, enter into your interior rooms, and shut your doors behind you. Hide yourself for but a moment until the denunciation passes over. For, look! Jehovah is coming forth from his place to call to account the error of the inhabitant of the land against him, and the land will certainly expose her bloodshed and will no longer cover over her killed ones.”—Isaiah 26:20, 21.
44. What grand opportunity now lies before you? (Deuteronomy 30:19, 20)
44 So, by starting to live the real life now, according to Bible standards, you may share with the zealous, forward-looking society of God’s people in passing alive through the “great tribulation,” and never dying off this earth. Indeed, it can confidently be said, a “great multitude” now living may never die!
45. (a) What is it that works now and in the future? (1 Timothy 6:11, 12) (b) How may you show that you appreciate that there is much more to life? (1 Timothy 6:17-19)
45 In the living society of his witnesses throughout the earth, Jehovah has produced something that works right now! It can work too for you! And it will work outstandingly in the paradise earth, where at last “every breathing thing” will praise the great Life-Giver, Jehovah God. (Psalm 150:6) Truly, there is much more to life!
REFERENCES
1. Intellectual Digest, December 1971, p. 59.
2. Charles Darwin: His Life, chapter 3, p. 66.
3. The Yomiuri, Tokyo, January 17, 1969.
4. Charles Darwin, Origin of Species, concluding sentence.
5. Isaac Asimov, The Wellsprings of Life, 1960, pp. 224, 225.
6. Lecomte du Noüy, Human Destiny, 1947, p. 34.
7. Prof. John N. Moore, Michigan State University, paper of December 27, 1971, p. 5.
8. Isaac Asimov, The Wellsprings of Life, 1960, p. 85.
9. M. S. Keringthan, The Globe and Mail, Toronto, November 26, 1970, p. 46.
10. H. G. Wells, The Outline of History, 3rd Edition, 1921, p. 956.
11. Ibid., p. 957.
12. Philip G. Fothergill, Evolution and Christians, 1961, p. 17.
13. Himmelfarb, Darwin and the Darwinian Revolution, p. 398.
14. J. D. Bernal, Marx and Science, 1952, p. 17.
[Footnotes]
a Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations in this publication are from the modern-language New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures.
[Picture on page 6]
Skillful scientists have constructed models of our solar system. Would it not require a far greater Intellect to construct the vast universe itself?
[Picture on page 8]
An astronaut described Earth as “the most beautiful thing to see, in all the heavens.” This is because it has life, created by God
[Pictures on page 10]
There are many types of dogs, which can interbreed. But they cannot interbreed with another “kind,” such as a cat
[Picture on page 11]
The Seattle Times, November 21, 1971
The Washington Daily News, December 27, 1971
The Express, Easton, Pa., May 3, 1973
[Pictures on page 12, 13]
It is impossible to bridge the great gulf between man and animals. They are separate created “kinds”
[Picture on page 15]
Man was created to live in glorious paradise. But his continued enjoyment of it depended on obedience
[Picture on page 20]
This relief on the Arch of Titus (in Rome) records as history the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 C.E.
[Picture on page 21]
Heeding Bible prophecy saved lives of first-century Christians. It can likewise save your life today
[Picture on page 23]
‘World War I ushered in the century of Total War. . . . Never before had so many nations been involved. Never had the slaughter been so comprehensive and indiscriminate.’—“World War I,” by H. W. Baldwin.
[Picture on page 23]
It is estimated that 400,000,000 persons are gravely underfed
[Picture on page 29]
The new society of godly people will enjoy the real life and praise God for eternity |
Worldwide Security (ws)
1986 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ws | input Page/Publishers’ Page
Worldwide Security Under the “Prince of Peace”
Worldwide security under the “Prince of Peace” is an absolute certainty. The Almighty God assures us of this in the prophecy about the birth and career of the “Prince of Peace” at Isaiah 9:6, 7: “His name will be called . . . Prince of Peace. To the abundance of the princely rule and to peace there will be no end . . . The very zeal of Jehovah of armies will do this.” How readers of this book can prepare to enter into the abundance of the rule of the “Prince of Peace” is set forth in this volume.
—The Publishers.
Bible quotations in this book are from the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, 1984 edition. |
‘It Fills the Need’ | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/102001015 | ‘It Fills the Need’
That was the conclusion of a woman from Osaka, Japan, regarding the book Is There a Creator Who Cares About You? She wrote:
“This book teaches one to get acquainted with the Creator through creation and the Bible. Up to chapter 5, it considers various facts about things created and shows that there is law and order evident among them, suggesting the need for an intelligence behind them.
“I have wanted some material that explains in more detail the wonders of creation. This book fills the need. . . . When reading about the cooperation between proteins and nucleic acid molecules in the cells, I felt that the precision is nothing short of a miracle.”
As a result of reading Is There a Creator Who Cares About You? many have been moved to think more deeply about how we got here and the purpose of life. You can request a copy of this 192-page book by filling in the accompanying coupon and mailing it to the address provided or to an appropriate address listed on page 5 of this magazine.
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[Diagram on page 32]
Even a glimpse into the complex world and intricate functions of each body cell leads to the question, How did all of this come about?
[Picture Credit Line on page 32]
“Pillars of Creation” on cover of book: J. Hester and P. Scowen (AZ State Univ.), NASA |
Isaiah’s Prophecy I (ip-1)
2000 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ip-1 | Chapter Seven
Woe to the Unfaithful Vineyard!
Isaiah 5:1-30
1, 2. What does the “beloved one” plant, but how does it prove disappointing?
“FOR exquisite beauty of language and consummate skill in effective communication, this parable is virtually peerless.” So said one Bible commentator referring to the opening verses of Isaiah chapter 5. More than simply a work of art, Isaiah’s words paint a touching portrait of the loving care that Jehovah has for his people. At the same time, these words warn us against things that displease him.
2 Isaiah’s parable begins: “Let me sing, please, to my beloved one a song of my loved one concerning his vineyard. There was a vineyard that my beloved one came to have on a fruitful hillside. And he proceeded to dig it up and to rid it of stones and to plant it with a choice red vine, and to build a tower in the middle of it. And there was also a winepress that he hewed out in it. And he kept hoping for it to produce grapes, but it gradually produced wild grapes.”—Isaiah 5:1, 2; compare Mark 12:1.
The Care of the Vineyard
3, 4. What loving care is expended on the vineyard?
3 Whether Isaiah literally sings this parable to his listeners or not, it surely captures their attention. Most are probably familiar with the work of planting a vineyard, and Isaiah’s description is vivid and realistic. Like vine growers today, the vineyard owner plants, not grape seeds, but a “choice,” or rich, “red vine”—a cutting or shoot from another vine. Appropriately, he plants this vineyard “on a fruitful hillside,” a place where a vineyard will thrive.
4 It takes hard work to make a vineyard produce. Isaiah describes the owner’s ‘digging the land and ridding it of stones’—tedious, exhausting work! He likely uses the larger stones “to build a tower.” In ancient times such towers served as stations for watchmen who guarded the crops against thieves and animals.a Also, he builds a stone wall to line the vineyard terraces. (Isaiah 5:5) This was commonly done to prevent the washing away of vital topsoil.
5. What does the owner properly expect from his vineyard, but what does he get?
5 Having worked so hard to protect his vineyard, the owner has every right to expect that it will bear fruit. In anticipation of this, he hews out a winepress. But does the hoped-for harvest materialize? No, the vineyard produces wild grapes.
The Vineyard and Its Owner
6, 7. (a) Who is the owner of the vineyard, and what is the vineyard? (b) What judgment does the owner invite?
6 Who is the owner, and what is the vineyard? The vineyard owner points to the answers to these questions when he himself speaks: “Now, O you inhabitants of Jerusalem and you men of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard. What is there yet to do for my vineyard that I have not already done in it? Why is it that I hoped for it to produce grapes, but it gradually produced wild grapes? And now, please, may I make known to you men what I am doing to my vineyard: There will be a removing of its hedge, and it must be destined for burning down. There must be a breaking down of its stone wall, and it must be destined for a place of trampling.”—Isaiah 5:3-5.
7 Yes, Jehovah is the owner of the vineyard, and he has put himself, as it were, in a courtroom, asking for judgment to be rendered between him and his disappointing vineyard. What, then, is the vineyard? The owner explains: “The vineyard of Jehovah of armies is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah are the plantation of which he was fond.”—Isaiah 5:7a.
8. What is significant about Isaiah’s calling Jehovah “my loved one”?
8 Isaiah calls Jehovah, the owner of the vineyard, “my loved one.” (Isaiah 5:1) Isaiah can speak of God in such an intimate way only because he has a close relationship with Him. (Compare Job 29:4; Psalm 25:14.) However, the prophet’s love for God pales in comparison with the love God has shown for his “vineyard”—the nation that he ‘planted.’—Compare Exodus 15:17; Psalm 80:8, 9.
9. How has Jehovah treated his nation like a valued vineyard?
9 Jehovah “planted” his nation in the land of Canaan and gave them his laws and regulations, which served as a wall to protect them from being corrupted by other nations. (Exodus 19:5, 6; Psalm 147:19, 20; Ephesians 2:14) Furthermore, Jehovah gave them judges, priests, and prophets to instruct them. (2 Kings 17:13; Malachi 2:7; Acts 13:20) When Israel was threatened by military aggression, Jehovah raised up deliverers. (Hebrews 11:32, 33) With reason, Jehovah asks: “What is there yet to do for my vineyard that I have not already done in it?”
Identifying God’s Vineyard Today
10. What parable involving a vineyard did Jesus give?
10 Jesus may have had Isaiah’s words in mind when he gave the parable of the murderous cultivators: “There was a man, a householder, who planted a vineyard and put a fence around it and dug a winepress in it and erected a tower, and let it out to cultivators, and traveled abroad.” Unhappily, the cultivators betrayed the vineyard owner, even killing his son. Jesus went on to show that this parable involved more than just literal Israel when he said: “The kingdom of God will be taken from you [fleshly Israel] and be given to a nation producing its fruits.”—Matthew 21:33-41, 43.
11. What spiritual vineyard existed in the first century, but what happened after the death of the apostles?
11 That new “nation” proved to be “the Israel of God”—a spiritual nation of anointed Christians totaling 144,000. (Galatians 6:16; 1 Peter 2:9, 10; Revelation 7:3, 4) Jesus compared these disciples to “branches” on “the true vine,” namely, himself. Naturally, these branches are expected to bear fruit. (John 15:1-5) They must manifest Christlike qualities and participate in the work of preaching “this good news of the Kingdom.” (Matthew 24:14; Galatians 5:22, 23) But ever since the death of the twelve apostles, the great majority of those who claim to be branches of “the true vine” have proved to be counterfeits—producing wild grapes instead of good fruits.—Matthew 13:24-30, 38, 39.
12. How do Isaiah’s words condemn Christendom, and what lesson do they hold for true Christians?
12 Therefore, Isaiah’s condemnation of Judah applies today to Christendom. A study of her history—her wars, her crusades, her Inquisitions—reveals just how sour her fruit has been! Nevertheless, the true vineyard of anointed Christians and their “great crowd” companions must heed Isaiah’s words. (Revelation 7:9) If they are to please the vineyard’s owner, they must, individually and as a group, produce fruits that please him.
“Wild Grapes”
13. What will Jehovah do to his vineyard because of its producing bad fruit?
13 Having gone to extraordinary lengths to nurture and cultivate his vineyard, Jehovah rightfully expects it to become “a vineyard of foaming wine!” (Isaiah 27:2) However, instead of producing usable fruit, it produces “wild grapes,” literally “stinking things” or “putrid (rotten) berries.” (Isaiah 5:2; footnote; Jeremiah 2:21) Therefore, Jehovah declares that he will remove his protective “hedge” from around the nation. The nation will be ‘set as a thing destroyed’ and will experience abandonment and drought. (Read Isaiah 5:6.) Moses had warned that they would undergo such things if they disobeyed God’s Law.—Deuteronomy 11:17; 28:63, 64; 29:22, 23.
14. What fruitage does Jehovah expect of his nation, but what does it produce instead?
14 God expects the nation to produce good fruits. Isaiah’s contemporary Micah declares: “What is Jehovah asking back from you but to exercise justice and to love kindness and to be modest in walking with your God?” (Micah 6:8; Zechariah 7:9) However, the nation fails to heed Jehovah’s exhortation. “[God] kept hoping for judgment, but, look! the breaking of law; for righteousness, but, look! an outcry.” (Isaiah 5:7b) Moses predicted that the unfaithful nation would produce poisonous grapes from “the vine of Sodom.” (Deuteronomy 32:32) Likely, then, sexual immorality, including homosexuality, is part of their deviation from God’s Law. (Leviticus 18:22) The expression “breaking of law” can also be rendered “outpouring of blood.” Such brutal treatment has no doubt resulted in “an outcry” from mistreated ones—an outcry that has reached the ears of the Planter of the vineyard.—Compare Job 34:28.
15, 16. How can true Christians avoid producing the bad fruits that Israel produced?
15 Jehovah God is “a lover of righteousness and justice.” (Psalm 33:5) He commanded the Jews: “You people must not do injustice in the judgment. You must not treat the lowly with partiality, and you must not prefer the person of a great one. With justice you should judge your associate.” (Leviticus 19:15) We must therefore shun partiality in our dealings with one another, never allowing such things as race, age, wealth, or poverty to color our judgment of people. (James 2:1-4) It is particularly important that those serving in positions of oversight ‘do nothing according to a biased leaning,’ always seeking to hear both sides of a matter before making judgment.—1 Timothy 5:21; Proverbs 18:13.
16 Further, it would be easy for Christians living in a lawless world to develop a negative or a rebellious attitude toward godly standards. But true Christians must be “ready to obey” God’s laws. (James 3:17) Despite the sexual immorality and violence of “the present wicked system of things,” they need to ‘keep strict watch that how they walk is not as unwise but as wise persons.’ (Galatians 1:4; Ephesians 5:15) They want to shun permissive views of sex, and when disagreements arise, they should settle these without “anger and wrath and screaming and abusive speech.” (Ephesians 4:31) By cultivating righteousness, true Christians bring honor to God and gain his favor.
The Price of Greed
17. What wicked conduct is condemned in Isaiah’s first woe?
17 In Isa 5 verse 8, Isaiah is no longer quoting Jehovah’s words. Condemning some of the “wild grapes” produced in Judah, he personally pronounces the first of six woes: “Woe to the ones joining house to house, and those who annex field to field until there is no more room and you men have been made to dwell all by yourselves in the midst of the land! In my ears Jehovah of armies has sworn that many houses, though great and good, will become an outright object of astonishment, without an inhabitant. For even ten acres of vineyard will produce but one bath measure, and even a homer measure of seed will produce but an ephah measure.”—Isaiah 5:8-10.
18, 19. How do Isaiah’s contemporaries ignore Jehovah’s laws regarding property, and what will be the result for them?
18 In ancient Israel all land ultimately belonged to Jehovah. Each family had a God-given inheritance, which they could rent or loan out but never sell “in perpetuity.” (Leviticus 25:23) This law prevented abuses, such as real estate monopolies. It also protected families from sinking too far into poverty. Some in Judah, however, were greedily breaking God’s laws regarding property. Micah wrote: “They have desired fields and have seized them; also houses, and have taken them; and they have defrauded an able-bodied man and his household, a man and his hereditary possession.” (Micah 2:2) But Proverbs 20:21 warns: “An inheritance is being got by greed at first, but its own future will not be blessed.”
19 Jehovah promises to strip these greedy ones of their ill-gotten gain. The houses they extort will be “without an inhabitant.” The lands they covet will produce a mere fraction of their capacity. Exactly how and when this curse will be fulfilled is not stated. Likely it refers, at least in part, to the conditions brought on by the future Babylonian exile.—Isaiah 27:10.
20. How can Christians today avoid imitating the greedy attitude shown by some in Israel?
20 Christians today must abhor insatiable greed like that manifested by some Israelites back then. (Proverbs 27:20) When material things take on exaggerated importance, it is easy to stoop to unscrupulous ways of getting money. One could easily become ensnared in shady business dealings or unrealistic get-rich-quick schemes. “He that is hastening to gain riches will not remain innocent.” (Proverbs 28:20) How important it is, then, to be output with what we have!—1 Timothy 6:8.
The Snare of Questionable Entertainment
21. What sins are condemned in Isaiah’s second woe?
21 Next comes Isaiah’s second woe: “Woe to those who are getting up early in the morning that they may seek just intoxicating liquor, who are lingering till late in the evening darkness so that wine itself inflames them! And there must prove to be harp and stringed instrument, tambourine and flute, and wine at their feasts; but the activity of Jehovah they do not look at, and the work of his hands they have not seen.”—Isaiah 5:11, 12.
22. What lack of restraint is manifest in Israel, and what will be the result for the nation?
22 Jehovah is “the happy God” and does not begrudge his servants reasonable recreation. (1 Timothy 1:11) However, these pleasure-seekers go beyond all limits! “Those who get drunk are usually drunk at night,” says the Bible. (1 Thessalonians 5:7) But the revelers of the prophecy begin their drunken sprees at daybreak and carry on drinking into the evening! They behave as if God did not exist, as if he would not hold them accountable for their actions. Isaiah predicts a dark future for such ones. “My people will have to go into exile for lack of knowledge; and their glory will be famished men, and their crowd will be parched with thirst.” (Isaiah 5:13) Because of refusing to act according to true knowledge, God’s covenant people—the high and the low—will go down into Sheol.—Read Isaiah 5:14-17.
23, 24. What restraint and moderation are Christians called upon to show?
23 “Revelries,” or “wild parties,” were also a problem among some Christians in the first century. (Galatians 5:21; Byington; 2 Peter 2:13) So it is not surprising that some dedicated Christians today have shown poor judgment when it comes to social gatherings. Unrestrained use of alcoholic beverages has caused some to become loud and boisterous. (Proverbs 20:1) There have even been those who behaved immorally under the influence of excessive alcohol, and some gatherings have been allowed to go on virtually all night, interfering with Christian activities the next day.
24 Balanced Christians, however, produce godly fruit and exercise restraint and moderation in their choice of recreation. They heed Paul’s advice found at Romans 13:13: “As in the daytime let us walk decently, not in revelries and drunken bouts.”
Hating Sin and Loving Truth
25, 26. What wicked thinking by the Israelites does Isaiah expose in his third and fourth woes?
25 Hear now Isaiah’s third and fourth woes: “Woe to those drawing error with ropes of untruth, and as with wagon cords sin; those who are saying: ‘Let his work hasten; do let it come quickly, in order that we may see it; and let the counsel of the Holy One of Israel draw near and come, that we may know it!’ Woe to those who are saying that good is bad and bad is good, those who are putting darkness for light and light for darkness, those who are putting bitter for sweet and sweet for bitter!”—Isaiah 5:18-20.
26 What a vivid picture this paints of practicers of sin! They are attached to sin the way draft animals are tied to wagons. These sinners do not fear any coming day of judgment. Mockingly they say: “Let [God’s work] come quickly!” Rather than submitting to God’s Law, they twist things, declaring that “good is bad and bad is good.”—Compare Jeremiah 6:15; 2 Peter 3:3-7.
27. How can Christians today avoid an attitude like that of the Israelites?
27 Christians today must avoid such an attitude at all costs. For example, they refuse to embrace the world’s view of fornication and homosexuality as acceptable. (Ephesians 4:18, 19) True, a Christian might ‘take a false step’ that could lead to committing a serious sin. (Galatians 6:1) The elders in the congregation are ready to help those who have fallen and need assistance. (James 5:14, 15) With the aid of prayers and Bible-based counsel, spiritual recovery is possible. Otherwise, there is the danger of becoming “a slave of sin.” (John 8:34) Rather than mocking God and losing awareness of the coming day of judgment, Christians strive to remain “spotless and unblemished” before Jehovah.—2 Peter 3:14; Galatians 6:7, 8.
28. What sins are condemned in Isaiah’s final woes, and how can Christians today avoid such sins?
28 Appropriately, Isaiah adds these final woes: “Woe to those wise in their own eyes and discreet even in front of their own faces! Woe to those who are mighty in drinking wine, and to the men with vital energy for mixing intoxicating liquor, those who are pronouncing the wicked one righteous in consideration of a bribe, and who take away even the righteousness of the righteous one from him!” (Isaiah 5:21-23) These words were evidently addressed to those serving as judges in the land. Congregation elders today avoid seeming “wise in their own eyes.” They humbly accept counsel from fellow elders and adhere closely to organizational instructions. (Proverbs 1:5; 1 Corinthians 14:33) They are moderate in their use of alcoholic beverages, never indulging before carrying out congregation responsibilities. (Hosea 4:11) Elders also avoid giving even the appearance of showing favoritism. (James 2:9) How different from the clergy of Christendom! Many of these whitewash the influential and wealthy sinners in their midst, in direct contrast to the apostle Paul’s warnings at Romans 1:18, 26, 27; 1 Corinthians 6:9, 10; and Ephesians 5:3-5.
29. What calamitous end awaits Jehovah’s Israelite vineyard?
29 Isaiah concludes this prophetic message by describing a calamitous end for those who “have rejected the law of Jehovah” and have failed to bear righteous fruit. (Isaiah 5:24, 25; Hosea 9:16; Malachi 4:1) He declares: “[Jehovah] has raised up a signal to a great nation far away, and he has whistled to it at the extremity of the earth; and, look! in haste it will swiftly come in.”—Isaiah 5:26; Deuteronomy 28:49; Jeremiah 5:15.
30. Who will rally “a great nation” against Jehovah’s people, and with what outcome?
30 In ancient times a pole on an elevated site could serve as “a signal,” or rallying point, for people or armies. (Compare Isaiah 18:3; Jeremiah 51:27.) Now Jehovah himself will rally this unnamed “great nation” to execute his judgment.b He will ‘whistle to it,’ that is, draw its attention to his wayward people as an object worthy of conquest. The prophet next describes the swift and terrifying onslaught of these lionlike conquerers who will “grab hold of the prey,” that is, God’s nation, “and bring it safely away” into captivity. (Read Isaiah 5:27-30a.) And what a sad result for the land of Jehovah’s people! “One will actually gaze at the land, and, look! there is distressing darkness; and even the light has grown dark because of the drops falling on it.”—Isaiah 5:30b.
31. How can true Christians avoid suffering the punishment inflicted on Jehovah’s Israelite vineyard?
31 Yes, the vineyard that God so lovingly planted proves itself to be barren—worthy only of destruction. What a powerful lesson Isaiah’s words hold for all who would serve Jehovah today! May they strive to bear nothing but righteous fruit, to Jehovah’s praise and to their own salvation!
[Footnotes]
a Some scholars believe that cheaper temporary structures, such as booths, or huts, were far more common than stone towers. (Isaiah 1:8) The presence of a tower would indicate that unusual efforts had been put forth by the owner in behalf of his “vineyard.”
b In other prophecies, Isaiah identifies Babylon as the nation that executes Jehovah’s devastating judgment on Judah.
[Picture on page 83]
A sinner is attached to sin like a draft animal to a wagon
[Full-page picture on page 85] |
“All Scripture” (si)
1990 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/books/all-scripture-si | Bible Book Number 54—1 Timothy
Writer: Paul
Place Written: Macedonia
Writing Completed: c. 61–64 C.E.
1, 2. (a) What contrast is seen between the descriptions of Paul’s imprisonment in Acts and Second Timothy? (b) When does it appear that First Timothy was written, and why?
LUKE’S account of Paul’s life in the book of Acts ends with Paul in Rome awaiting the outcome of his appeal to Caesar. Paul is shown as dwelling in his own hired house, preaching the Kingdom of God to all who came to him, and doing so “with the greatest freeness of speech, without hindrance.” (Acts 28:30, 31) But in his second letter to Timothy, Paul writes: “I am suffering evil to the point of prison bonds as an evildoer,” and he speaks of his death as imminent. (2 Tim. 2:9; 4:6-8) What a change! In the first instance, he was treated as an honorable prisoner, in the second, as a felon. What had happened between the time of Luke’s comment on Paul’s situation in 61 C.E., at the end of two years in Rome, and Paul’s own writing of his condition to Timothy, which appears to have been written shortly before his death?
2 The difficulty of fitting the writing of Paul’s letters to Timothy and Titus into the period covered by the book of Acts has led some Bible commentators to the conclusion that Paul was successful in his appeal to Caesar and was released about 61 C.E. Says The New Westminster Dictionary of the Bible: “The closing verse of The Acts accords better with this view [that Paul was released after two years’ confinement] than with the supposition that the imprisonment which has been described ended in the apostle’s condemnation and death. Luke emphasizes the fact that no one hindered his work, thus certainly giving the impression that the end of his activity was not near.”a It is, then, to the period between his release from his first imprisonment in Rome and his final imprisonment there, or about 61-64 C.E., that the writing of First Timothy belongs.
3, 4. (a) On his release from prison, what did Paul evidently do? (b) From where did he write First Timothy?
3 On his release from prison, Paul evidently resumed his missionary activity in association with Timothy and Titus. Whether Paul ever reached Spain, as some suppose, is not certain. Clement of Rome wrote (c. 95 C.E.) that Paul came “to the extreme limit of the W[est],” which could have included Spain.b
4 From where did Paul write his first letter to Timothy? First Timothy 1:3 indicates that Paul arranged for Timothy to attend to certain congregation matters in Ephesus while he himself went his way to Macedonia. From here, it appears, he wrote the letter back to Timothy in Ephesus.
5. What testimony is there to the authenticity of the letters to Timothy?
5 The two letters to Timothy have been accepted from the earliest times as written by Paul and as being part of the inspired Scriptures. The early Christian writers, including Polycarp, Ignatius, and Clement of Rome, all agree on this, and the letters are included in the catalogs of the first few centuries as Paul’s writings. One authority writes: “There are few N[ew] T[estament] writings which have stronger attestation . . . Objections to authenticity must therefore be regarded as modern innovations contrary to the strong evidence from the early church.”c
6. (a) For what several reasons did Paul write First Timothy? (b) What was Timothy’s background, and what indicates that he was a mature worker?
6 Paul wrote this first letter to Timothy to set out clearly certain organizational procedures in the congregation. There was also a need for him to warn Timothy to be on guard against false teachings and to strengthen the brothers to resist such ‘false knowledge.’ (1 Tim. 6:20) The commercial city of Ephesus would also provide the temptations of materialism and “love of money,” and so it would be timely to give some advice on this also. (6:10) Timothy certainly had a fine background of experience and training to be used for this work. He was born of a Greek father and a God-fearing Jewish mother. It is not known exactly when Timothy had his first contact with Christianity. When Paul visited Lystra on his second missionary tour, likely in late 49 C.E. or early 50 C.E., Timothy (perhaps in his late teens or early 20’s) was already “well reported on by the brothers in Lystra and Iconium.” So Paul arranged for Timothy to travel with Silas and himself. (Acts 16:1-3) Timothy is mentioned by name in 11 of Paul’s 14 letters as well as in the book of Acts. Paul always took a fatherly interest in him and on several occasions assigned him to visit and serve different congregations—an evidence Timothy had done good work in the missionary field and was qualified to handle weighty responsibilities.—1 Tim. 1:2; 5:23; 1 Thess. 3:2; Phil. 2:19.
outputS OF FIRST TIMOTHY
7. Why is Paul encouraging Timothy to stay in Ephesus?
7 Exhortation to faith with a good conscience (1:1-20). After greeting Timothy as “a genuine child in the faith,” Paul encourages him to remain in Ephesus. He is to correct those teaching a “different doctrine,” which is leading to useless questions rather than to a dispensing of faith. Paul says the objective of this mandate is “love out of a clean heart and out of a good conscience and out of faith without hypocrisy.” He adds: “By deviating from these things certain ones have been turned aside into idle talk.”—1:2, 3, 5, 6.
8. What did Paul’s being shown mercy emphasize, and what fine warfare does he encourage Timothy to wage?
8 Though Paul was formerly a blasphemer and a persecutor, nevertheless, the undeserved kindness of the Lord “abounded exceedingly along with faith and love that is in connection with Christ Jesus,” so that he was shown mercy. He had been the foremost of sinners; and thus he became a demonstration of the long-suffering of Christ Jesus, who “came into the world to save sinners.” How worthy is the King of eternity to receive honor and glory forever! Paul charges Timothy to wage a fine warfare, “holding faith and a good conscience.” He must not be like those who have “experienced shipwreck concerning their faith,” such as Hymenaeus and Alexander, whom Paul has disciplined on account of blasphemy.—1:14, 15, 19.
9. (a) What prayers are to be made, and why? (b) What is said as to women in the congregation?
9 Instructions regarding worship and organization in the congregation (2:1–6:2). Prayers are to be made concerning all sorts of men, including those in high station, to the end that Christians may live peaceably in godly devotion. It is the will of God, the Savior, that “all sorts of men should be saved and come to an accurate knowledge of truth. For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, a man, Christ Jesus, who gave himself a corresponding ransom for all.” (2:4-6) Paul was appointed an apostle and teacher of these things. So he calls on the men to pray in loyalty and the women to dress modestly and sensibly, as befits those who reverence God. A woman must learn in silence and not exercise authority over a man, “for Adam was formed first, then Eve.”—2:13.
10. What are the qualifications for overseers and ministerial servants, and why does Paul write these things?
10 The man who reaches out to be an overseer is desirous of a fine work. Paul then lists the qualifications for overseers and ministerial servants. An overseer must be “irreprehensible, a husband of one wife, moderate in habits, sound in mind, orderly, hospitable, qualified to teach, not a drunken brawler, not a smiter, but reasonable, not belligerent, not a lover of money, a man presiding over his own household in a fine manner, having children in subjection with all seriousness . . . , not a newly converted man . . . He should also have a fine testimony from people on the outside.” (3:2-7) There are similar requirements for ministerial servants, and they should be tested as to fitness before serving. Paul writes these things in order that Timothy may know how he ought to conduct himself in the congregation of God, which is “a pillar and support of the truth.”—3:15.
11. (a) What problems will appear later? (b) To what should Timothy give attention, and why?
11 In later times some will fall away from the faith through the teachings of demons. Hypocritical men speaking lies will forbid marriage and command to abstain from foods that God created to be partaken of with thanksgiving. As a fine minister, Timothy must turn down false stories and ‘old women’s tales.’ On the other hand, he should be training himself with godly devotion as his aim. “To this end we are working hard and exerting ourselves,” says Paul, “because we have rested our hope on a living God, who is a Savior of all sorts of men, especially of faithful ones.” Therefore Timothy must keep on giving these commands and teaching them. He is to let no man look down on his youth but, on the contrary, become an example in conduct and godly service. He is to be absorbed in these things and to pay constant attention to himself and to his teaching, for in staying by these things, he will ‘save both himself and those listening to him.’—4:7, 10, 16.
12. What counsel is given as to dealing with widows and others in the congregation?
12 Paul counsels Timothy on how to deal with individuals: older men as fathers, younger men as brothers, older women as mothers, younger women as sisters. Suitable provision is to be made for those who are really widows. However, a widow’s family should care for her if possible. To fail in this would be to disown the faith. When at least 60 years of age, a widow may be put on the list if there is “a witness borne to her for fine works.” (5:10) On the other hand, younger widows, who let their sexual impulses control them, should be turned down. Rather than gadding about and gossiping, let them marry and bear children, so as to give no inducement to the opposer.
13. What consideration should be shown to older men, how are persons who practice sin to be handled, and what responsibility falls upon slaves?
13 The older men who preside in a fine way should be reckoned worthy of double honor, “especially those who work hard in speaking and teaching.” (5:17) An accusation is not to be admitted against an older man except on the evidence of two or three witnesses. Persons who practice sin are to be reproved before all onlookers, but there is to be no prejudgment or bias in these things. Slaves should respect their owners, giving good service, especially to brothers, who are “believers and beloved.”—6:2.
14. What does Paul have to say about pride and the love of money in connection with “godly devotion along with self-sufficiency”?
14 Counsel on “godly devotion along with self-sufficiency” (6:3-21). The man that does not assent to healthful words is puffed up with pride and is mentally diseased over questionings, leading to violent disputes over trifles. On the other hand, “godly devotion along with self-sufficiency” is a means of great gain. One should be output with sustenance and covering. The determination to be rich is a snare leading to destruction, and the love of money is “a root of all sorts of injurious things.” Paul urges Timothy, as a man of God, to flee from these things, to pursue Christian virtues, to fight the fine fight of the faith, and to “get a firm hold on the everlasting life.” (6:6, 10, 12) He must observe the commandment “in a spotless and irreprehensible way” until the manifestation of the Lord Jesus Christ. Those who are rich should “rest their hope, not on uncertain riches, but on God,” in order to get a firm hold on the real life. Paul, in closing, encourages Timothy to guard his doctrinal trust and to turn away from defiling speeches and from “the contradictions of the falsely called ‘knowledge.’”—6:14, 17, 20.
WHY BENEFICIAL
15. What warning is given against speculations and arguments?
15 This letter provides a stern warning for those who dabble in vain speculations and philosophical arguments. “Debates about words” are allied to pride and are to be avoided, for Paul tells us that they obstruct Christian growth, furnishing only “questions for research rather than a dispensing of anything by God in connection with faith.” (6:3-6; 1:4) Along with the works of the flesh, these disputings are “in opposition to the healthful teaching according to the glorious good news of the happy God.”—1:10, 11.
16. What counsel did Paul give on materialism?
16 The Christians in money-greedy Ephesus apparently needed counsel on fighting materialism and its distractions. Paul gave that counsel. The world has freely quoted him in saying, ‘The love of money is the root of all evil,’ but how few pay heed to his words! On the contrary, true Christians need to heed this advice all the time. It means life to them. They need to flee from the hurtful snare of materialism, resting their hope, “not on uncertain riches, but on God, who furnishes us all things richly for our enjoyment.”—6:6-12, 17-19.
17. What advice to Timothy is timely for all zealous young ministers today?
17 Paul’s letter shows that Timothy himself was a fine example of what a young Christian should be. Though relatively young in years, he was mature in spiritual growth. He had reached out to qualify as an overseer and was richly blessed in the privileges he enjoyed. But like all zealous young ministers today, he needed to keep pondering over these things and to be absorbed in them so as to make continued advancement. Timely is Paul’s advice to all who seek continued joy in making Christian progress: “Pay constant attention to yourself and to your teaching. Stay by these things, for by doing this you will save both yourself and those who listen to you.”—4:15, 16.
18. What orderly arrangements in the congregation are clearly defined, and how does Paul use the Hebrew Scriptures as an authority?
18 This inspired letter instills appreciation for God’s orderly arrangements. It shows how both men and women may do their part in maintaining theocratic harmony in the congregation. (2:8-15) Then it goes on to discuss the qualifications for overseers and ministerial servants. Thus holy spirit indicates the requirements to be met by those who serve in special capacities. The letter also encourages all dedicated ministers to meet these standards, saying: “If any man is reaching out for an office of overseer, he is desirous of a fine work.” (3:1-13) The overseer’s proper attitude toward the age-groups and sexes in the congregation is appropriately discussed as is the handling of accusations before witnesses. In emphasizing that the older men who work hard in speaking and teaching are worthy of double honor, Paul calls twice on the Hebrew Scriptures as an authority: “For the scripture says: ‘You must not muzzle a bull when it threshes out the grain’; also: ‘The workman is worthy of his wages.’”—1 Tim. 5:1-3, 9, 10, 19-21, 17, 18; Deut. 25:4; Lev. 19:13.
19. How is the Kingdom hope brought to the fore, and what exhortation is given on this basis?
19 After giving all this fine counsel, Paul adds that the commandment should be observed in a spotless and irreprehensible way ‘until the manifestation of the Lord Jesus Christ as the King of those who rule as kings and Lord of those who rule as lords.’ On the basis of this Kingdom hope, the letter closes with a powerful exhortation for Christians “to work at good, to be rich in fine works, to be liberal, ready to share, safely treasuring up for themselves a fine foundation for the future, in order that they may get a firm hold on the real life.” (1 Tim. 6:14, 15, 18, 19) Beneficial indeed is all the fine instruction of First Timothy!
[Footnotes]
a 1970, edited by H. S. Gehman, page 721.
b The Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. I, page 6, “The First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians,” chap. V.
c New Bible Dictionary, second edition, 1986, edited by J. D. Douglas, page 1203. |
Worldwide Security (ws)
1986 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ws | Chapter 6
On the Watch During “the Conclusion of the System of Things”
1. Why do we need to keep on the watch?
WE ARE deep into “the conclusion of the system of things,” but we “know neither the day nor the hour” when time for life-saving enlightenment will end. That is why Jesus said: “Keep on the watch, therefore, because you know neither the day nor the hour.”—Matthew 24:3; 25:13.
2. What disappointing experience is to be avoided?
2 It would indeed be disappointing to a person if he belatedly arrived at the place for a marriage feast and found the door shut. Yet that is what is destined to befall the vast majority of professed Christians in the near future. The “Prince of Peace” illustrated this by these words: “Afterwards the rest of the virgins also came, saying, ‘Sir, sir, open to us!’ In answer he said, ‘I tell you the truth, I do not know you.’”—Matthew 25:11, 12.
3. (a) The year 1919 proved to be a time for what? (b) Have Christendom’s religionists been able to supply the needed spiritual oil?
3 Since 1919 spiritual enlightenment by discreet ones with the aid of the “oil” of Jehovah’s Word and holy spirit has been available, but foolish ones try to buy spiritual oil from those in Christendom who claim to sell it. (Matthew 25:9) The religionists of Christendom, however, do not have the right kind of oil. They have not been able to supply illumination about the presence of Jesus Christ as the heavenly Bridegroom. They expect that when they die they will go to heaven immediately and meet him, without having shared in the work of enlightenment during this “conclusion of the system of things.”
4. To this date, what have those pictured by the foolish virgins failed to do, and why?
4 On the other hand, there have been those who, like spiritual virgins, have proved to have a reserve of the “oil” of the holy spirit and God’s Word for the postwar work of worldwide enlightenment regarding “the kingdom.” (Matthew 24:14) Those pictured in Jesus’ parable as foolish virgins are not sharing in it by letting the light shine on this good news of international importance. They did not have the “oil” of God’s enlightening Word and his holy spirit, and the Bridegroom Judge at the spiritual temple discerned this failing on their part. Their hearts proved not to be with the postwar work that was promptly taken up in 1919 by the Christian virgins who were discreet in discerning both time and work.
5. In what do the foolish virgins fail to have a part that is essential to their being united with the Bridegroom King?
5 In parting company from those who supported Jehovah’s visible organization, the foolish ones were failing to participate in the worldwide Kingdom witness. They finally acquired “oil” of religious enlightenment, but it was not the right kind of oil. It would not provide illumination for the right event at the right time. So they are not preaching the Kingdom message and “the day of vengeance on the part of our God.” (Isaiah 61:1-3) They are not hailing the Bridegroom King as the anointed remnant of the virgins class is doing.
Effect of the Lamplight at Midnight
6, 7. (a) What occurred in the mid-1930’s that suggested that there were enough virgins to complete the membership of the bride class? (b) Attention was called to what class that now needed to be gathered?
6 In the mid-1930’s, something significant took place. What occurred suggested that the membership of the spiritual bride of Christ had been filled, that there were on earth enough spirit-begotten disciples of the Bridegroom to make up the full number of his heavenly bride.
7 At that time, in 1935, attention began to be called to another class of sheeplike disciples of Jesus. This was the class that had been called to public attention during the first world war. It was on February 24, 1918, that a lecture on the subject “Millions Now Living May Never Die” was delivered to a curious, possibly doubt-filled, audience. At the 1935 convention of Jehovah’s Witnesses in Washington, D.C., something positive was introduced about gathering these millions of Christ’s “other sheep” into a unified “flock” under Jesus Christ as the “one shepherd.” (John 10:16) The identity of this segment of “other sheep” as foretold in Revelation 7:9-17 was pointed out.
8. Under what obligation did the discreet virgins come in 1935, unanticipated by them?
8 The remnant of the “little flock” now came under the obligation of starting off the gathering of this “great crowd” of the “other sheep.” (Luke 12:32) This was because the number of discreet virgins needed to complete Jesus’ bride had now been filled. But such virgins were not taken at once to heaven. They are yet to be admitted into that heavenly festal chamber when they finish their earthly course as integrity-keeping witnesses of their God, Jehovah. Because of their faithful work of enlightenment up to 1935, they were ushered into a special privilege that they had never anticipated before the mid-1930’s.
9. Into what number has the remaining ones of the discreet virgins changed to date?
9 Over a half century has passed since 1935, and during these years the number of the discreet ones of the virgins class has been decreasing. On the other hand, the witness work has expanded to worldwide proportions, yes, to include more than 200 distinct lands. Currently, the virgins class has dropped to about 9,000 in number.
Helpful Companions of the Light Bearers
10. In view of the immensity of the work, is the remnant of the discreet virgins able to measure up to the need for workers?
10 The anointed remnant of figurative virgins are almost crowded out of the picture by the more than three million Kingdom publishers in over 49,000 congregations of Jehovah’s Witnesses all around the globe. How could the tiny number of the anointed remnant take care of the witnessing work in the more than 200 lands where those thousands of congregations are located? They could not.
11. (a) The identification of “the faithful and discreet slave” caused what to take place among those professing to be virgins? (b) What are those of the “evil slave” class unable to discern because of lack of sufficient spiritual illumination?
11 They do, of course, Scripturally serve in the foretold position of “the faithful and discreet slave” whom the Bridegroom Master found faithful on his coming to the temple for judgment. Then it was that the division started to take place between the discreet virgins and the foolish virgins of the figurative virgins class. Those counted as “that evil slave” class do not have the oil of God’s enlightening Word and his holy spirit in their receptacles to light up their lamps. Thus they did not have sufficient spiritual illumination to discern the “great crowd” of the “other sheep,” already being gathered since 1935 as part of the “one flock.”—Matthew 24:45-51.
12. Who have become inseparable companions of the remnant of the bride class?
12 Since World War II, the fulfillment of Jesus’ prophecy for “the conclusion of the system of things” is largely due to the role that the “great crowd” of “other sheep” carry out. The illumination from the lighted lamps of the remnant has brightened the eyes of their hearts, and they have been helped to reflect the light to others yet remaining in the darkness of this world. (Compare Ephesians 1:18.) They have helped millions of inhabitants of this earth to discern the presence of the Bridegroom King as the day of his marriage to the complete bride class nears. They have come to be inseparable companions of the remnant of the bride class.
13, 14. (a) What delightful situation with respect to the companions of the remnant is figuratively set out in Revelation 7:9, 10? (b) What was the immediate response to the explanation of that prophecy?
13 Since 1935 the lot of these companions of the remnant of the bride class has been a joyful one. They rejoice not only over the grand privileges into which the remnant has already entered but also over the blessed privileges into which they themselves have been conducted by means of the remnant of the bride class.
14 A wonderful text was opened to the understanding of Jehovah’s people at the Washington, D.C., convention in 1935, and it foretold a delightful situation for the “great crowd,” the companions of the anointed. See them there, “standing before the throne [of Jehovah God] and before the Lamb, dressed in white robes; and there [are] palm branches in their hands”! Listen to what they are loudly crying out for all the public to hear: “Salvation we owe to our God, who is seated on the throne, and to the Lamb”! (Revelation 7:9, 10) They have already exercised faith in “the Lamb of God that takes away the sin of the world,” and through him they have dedicated themselves to Jehovah God and have got baptized in symbol of that dedication. (John 1:29) Why, 840 of them got baptized the day after hearing the explanation of Revelation 7:9-17 on Friday, May 31, 1935.
15. Since then, how many have been baptized, and how are they pictured in Revelation 7:14-17?
15 More than three million have done the same since that Washington convention in 1935. Thus they are pictured as clothed with white robes due to having washed them in the cleansing blood of the Lamb. And they have the prospect of coming out of the great tribulation that is ahead for all the world of mankind, having divine protection clear through that tribulation. (Matthew 24:21, 22) Therefore, they are dramatized as being at the spiritual temple of Jehovah and there worshiping him with the remnant of the virgins class.—Revelation 7:14-17.
16. To whom, then, are profuse thanks offered for their part in connection with fulfilling Matthew 24:14?
16 Profuse thanks, therefore, to the international, multilingual “great crowd” for the overwhelming part that they have played in the fulfilling of the Bridegroom’s prophecy at Matthew 24:14!
“And the Door Was Shut”
17. (a) When will the door to the marriage festivities be closed? (b) What is it necessary for the remnant of the virgins class and the “great crowd” of their companions to do now?
17 Exactly when the remnant of the virgins class will have entered into the festal marriage ceremonies, and the door then is shut, is not known. But it is unquestionably nearer than ever before, and time is running out! Appropriately, then, Jesus concluded the parable of the virgins with the cautionary words: “Keep on the watch, therefore, because you know neither the day nor the hour.”—Matthew 25:13.
18. (a) With whom have the foolish virgins now identified themselves? (b) What part of Jesus’ parable are they due to experience shortly?
18 For this reason the foolish virgins will be taken off guard. By their parting company with the discreet virgins, they have become part of this doomed world and classify themselves with all the other religionists out there in the deepening earth-wide darkness. Thus they are destined to experience what the Bridegroom Jesus Christ portrayed in these words of the parable: “Afterwards the rest of the virgins also came, saying, ‘Sir, sir, open to us!’ In answer he said, ‘I tell you the truth, I do not know you.’”—Matthew 25:10-12.
19. Whom do the foolish virgins therefore picture, and why are they to be classified with Babylon the Great?
19 So the door to the feast is not to be opened to those foolish virgins. They well pictured those who during “the conclusion of the system of things” fail to make it into “the kingdom of the heavens.” (Matthew 24:3; 25:1) Because of holding on to their chosen form of religion, as indicated by their going to the market to buy other oil, they are classified with Babylon the Great.
20. (a) When the foolish virgins see the “ten horns” of the “wild beast” begin to turn against Babylon the Great, to whom will they appeal and on what claim? (b) Why will they nevertheless experience destruction?
20 Consequently, when the symbolic “wild beast,” which the religious harlot rides, turns against her with its “ten horns,” they will have to share her fate. (Revelation 17:16) When such religionists, pictured by the five foolish virgins, see this beginning of the rejection of Babylonish religion by the powerful forces of the political element, they will turn to the Bridegroom King, claiming that they are of “the kingdom of the heavens” class and deserve to be let into the spiritual marriage festivities with the discreet virgins. Shockingly, the one whom they address as “Sir,” the Bridegroom Jesus Christ, will refuse to recognize them as deserving of admittance into the heavenly Kingdom. And they have not shared any hope of eternal life on earth along with the “great crowd.” So nothing remains for these foolish religionists but destruction with the world empire of false religion, Babylon the Great!
21. (a) In view of that frightful prospect, what course do the discreet virgins and their companions pursue? (b) What privileges of service do members of the “great crowd” hope to enjoy?
21 What a frightful prospect for them! Being aware of this, the remnant and the multitude of their companions will constantly heed Jesus’ advice to “keep on the watch.” They will always be filled with God’s holy spirit and let the light shine fearlessly to the glory of Jehovah God and Jesus Christ. Rewardingly, joyfulness is their assured portion! And princely positions in the “new earth” await members of the “great crowd,” as designated by the wedded Bridegroom King.—Isaiah 32:1; compare Psalm 45:16.
22. (a) Fulfillment of the parable of the virgins serves as a confirmation of what fact? (b) Who will rejoice over this marriage of the Bridegroom King and his virgin bride?
22 So this extended fulfillment of the parable of the ten virgins serves as a confirmation of the fact that we are living in “the conclusion of the system of things.” How grateful we can be that we have been enlightened to behold this evidence of the nearness of the marriage of Jesus Christ with his complete bride class! Over this celestial marriage, both heaven and the righteous “new earth” will rejoice with unspeakable joy.—Revelation 19:6-9. |
From Our Readers | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101992011 | From Our Readers
Sarcasm I appreciated your article “Young People Ask . . . What’s the Harm in Using Sarcasm?” (September 22, 1991) This is something I have been guilty of for many years. It has mostly been in the so-called witty manner, but in retrospect I see that it has also been a kind of self-defense mechanism, masking long-standing feelings of inferiority. Having read the article, however, I intend to get rid of this bad and sometimes hurtful habit.
C. T., England
Heeding Body Warnings Last year I was hospitalized for three months because of ovary disorders. For years I had had warning signals, but I didn’t take much notice. Finally I went to a hospital and learned that immediate surgery was necessary. Had I had your article “Heeding the Body’s Warnings” (October 8, 1991) back then, I might have had the courage to go to a doctor earlier.
M. U., Japan
Air-Conditioning The article “Do You Need Air-Conditioning?” (June 22, 1991) appealed to me, as I have worked at servicing air conditioners for over 35 years. Back in the 1950’s, when I first learned my trade, we had to study the topic of Btu’s for several days. You explained this matter in a very simple and understandable way in just one paragraph! I wish I had had this article back then.
A. D., United States
Blood Controversy I have just read the article about Wyndham Cook, eninputd “This Evening You Will Be Dead.” (August 22, 1991) Never has an article touched my heart quite the way this one did. I pray that Jehovah will watch over his parents and that we may all follow the example of strong faith set by this young man.
J. T., United States
As a 15-year-old myself, it is encouraging to know that young Christians have shown such devotion to God. It brought tears to my eyes to read about Wyndham Cook’s fine fight for the faith. I pray that in a similar situation, I could prove as faithful.
D. L., United States
Clutter Thank you for your article “When Clutter Gets Out Of Control.” (August 8, 1991) I’ve been fighting this battle most of my 44 years of life, and I can use any help I can get. Thank you for your most practical suggestions.
C. R., United States
My husband read the article first and insinuated that our home was cluttered! We had recently finished our spring cleaning, and I thought our home had never looked better. Then came my turn to soak up the article. How I laughed when I realized the real condition of my home! Your article helped me to move mountains of clutter. Thank you.
S. C., United States
Unemployment I want to thank you from the heart for the series of articles on “How to Cope When You Lose Your Job.” (August 8, 1991) A year ago my husband suddenly lost his job, and he has not yet succeeded in getting another one like it. This has been a real challenge for us. Thank you for always giving us a comforting word.
R. S., Brazil
International Construction We were delighted to receive the article “You Just Have to Do It.” (April 22, 1991) It arrived just one week before my wife and I left to serve as volunteers at a Watch Tower construction project in Colombia, South America. The article gave us a ‘sneak preview’ of what to expect. We were also able to place many copies with family, employers, interested ones, and Bible students before we left. It helped them to have a better understanding of the work in which we were privileged to share.
T. G., United States |
Huldrych Zwingli’s Search for Bible Truth | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/501100071 | DEA/G. Dagli Orti/De Agostini via Getty Images
Huldrych Zwingli’s Search for Bible Truth
Today most sincere religious people can check whether their beliefs are based on what the Bible teaches or not. This was not the case at the dawn of the 16th century. Why? Because most people did not have access to a Bible in their own language. As a result, few church members could compare what the Church taught with what the Bible actually said. And members of the clergy were of little or no help. “The Church in Switzerland was corrupt,” says the book History of the Christian Church. “The clergy were ignorant, superstitious, and immoral.”
In this climate, Huldrych Zwingli began to search for Bible truth. What did he find? How did he share with others what he learned? And what can we learn from his life and convictions?
Zwingli Begins His Search
In his early 20’s, Zwingli set his mind on becoming a Catholic priest. Like other candidates for the priesthood at the time, Zwingli was required to study philosophy, church traditions, and the writings of the “Church Fathers”—but not the Bible itself.
How did Zwingli begin to discover Bible truth? While at university in Basel, Switzerland, he attended the lectures of Thomas Wyttenbach, who condemned the Church’s system of indulgences.a According to one biographer, Zwingli “learned from [Wyttenbach] that the death of Christ was once offered for our sins.” (1 Peter 3:18) When he understood that Jesus’ ransom provides the only basis for forgiveness, Zwingli rejected the teaching that church leaders could forgive sins in exchange for money. (Acts 8:20) Nevertheless, Zwingli continued his studies and became a Catholic pastor at the age of 22.
During his 20’s, Zwingli taught himself Greek in order to understand the original language of what is commonly called the New Testament. He also examined the works of Erasmus and learned that, just as the Bible teaches, Jesus is the only Mediator between God and men. (1 Timothy 2:5) As a result, Zwingli began to doubt the Catholic teaching about the role of saints in gaining approach to God.
Zwingli intensified his search for truth during his 30’s. Meanwhile, however, he also served as an army chaplain in a series of wars fought across Europe for the control of Italy. At the battle of Marignano in 1515, he witnessed Catholics killing Catholics by the thousands. A few years later, Zwingli copied by hand and even memorized much of the Greek Scriptures. By 1519, he was living in Zurich, the center of political influence in Switzerland. There, he eventually came to believe that the Church should abolish any teaching that could not be proved by the Scriptures. But how could he help others reach the same conclusion?
“Such Preaching Was Never Heard Before”
Zwingli believed that people would reject religious lies once they heard Bible truth. So having been elected as priest in Zurich’s prominent Grossmünster church, he began his preaching by stating a bold plan: He would no longer read the Latin lectionaryb that the clergy had been reciting for centuries. Instead, he would preach the Gospel directly from the Bible itself, chapter by chapter, from beginning to end. Rather than refer to the Church Fathers to explain Scripture, he would let the Scriptures explain themselves. He did this by letting clearer passages shed light on more difficult ones.—2 Timothy 3:16.
Sergio Azenha/Alamy Stock Photo
The Grossmünster church in Zurich
As he preached, Zwingli highlighted the Bible’s practical value. He taught moral standards from the Bible, and he preached against worshipping Jesus’ mother, Mary, praying to saints, the sale of indulgences, and the immorality of the clergy. How did people react? After his first sermon, some said: “Such preaching was never heard before.” And one historian wrote of Zwingli’s Catholic audience: “Those who had abandoned church services out of disgust at the stupidity and scandalous lives of the priests now returned.”
In 1522, the clergy tried to involve Zurich’s politicians in clamping down on practices that went against church doctrine. As a result, Zwingli was charged with heresy. Unwilling to compromise his personal beliefs, he resigned from being a Catholic priest.
What Did Zwingli Do?
Zwingli was no longer a priest, but he was still active as a preacher, and he continued trying to convince others of his views. He had become popular among the people because of his preaching, and this led to his becoming influential among Zurich’s politicians. Through this political influence, he pushed for religious reforms in Zurich. For example, in 1523, he convinced Zurich’s judicial authorities to prohibit any religious teaching that could not be proved by the Scriptures. In 1524, he persuaded them to outlaw idolatry. The civil magistrates, with the cooperation of local preachers and the consent of the people, oversaw widespread destruction of altars, idols, images, and relics. “Apart from the pillaging of religious houses by Vikings, the Western Church had never witnessed such intentional destruction,” states the book Zwingli—God’s Armed Prophet. By 1525, he had also influenced the authorities to convert church properties into hospitals and to allow monks and nuns to marry. He also proposed that the Mass be replaced with a simple celebration based on the Biblical pattern. (1 Corinthians 11:23-25) Historians say that Zwingli’s efforts brought together Zurich’s religious and political figures and laid groundwork for the Reformation and the new Protestant religion.
The 1536 edition of the Zurich Bible, World Headquarters of Jehovah’s Witnesses, Warwick, New York
Zwingli’s most meaningful work was the translation of the Bible. During the 1520’s, he led a group of scholars working from the original Hebrew and Greek, along with the Greek Septuagint and the Latin Vulgate. Their method was simple. They would read each verse from the original-language text, as well as from respected translations. Then they would discuss the verse’s meaning and write down their findings. Their work to explain and translate God’s Word ultimately resulted in a one-volume edition of the Zurich Bible in 1531.
Zwingli may have been sincere, but he was also intolerant and aggressive. For example, in 1525, he took part in the trial of the Anabaptists, who disagreed with his belief that infants should be baptized. When the courts later passed the death sentence on anyone who continued to reject infant baptism, he did not oppose the harsh verdict. He also urged political leaders to use military force to spread reform. However, several strongly Catholic regions of Switzerland resisted his reforms. This led to civil war. Zwingli accompanied soldiers from Zurich onto the battlefield, where he was killed at the age of 47.
Zwingli’s Legacy
Huldrych Zwingli certainly has a place in history, although he is eclipsed in fame by influential Protestant Reformers Martin Luther and John Calvin. Zwingli broke away more radically from Roman Catholicism than Luther did and paved the way for Calvin. For this, he has been called the Third Man of the Reformation.
Zwingli left behind a mixed legacy. In order to spread his views, he became deeply involved in politics and war. In doing so, he failed to follow the example of Jesus Christ, who refused to get involved in politics and taught his disciples to love their enemies, not kill them.—Matthew 5:43, 44; John 6:14, 15.
Yet, Zwingli is remembered as a diligent Bible student determined to share what he learned. He discovered many Bible truths and helped others do the same.
a Indulgences were decrees issued by church leaders that would supposedly reduce or even eliminate the punishment that people would suffer in purgatory after they died.
b A lectionary is a book containing preselected Bible verses that are read during the year. |
Ministry School (be)
2002 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/be | Welcome to the Theocratic Ministry School
AROUND the earth, in upwards of 200 lands, millions of students are benefiting each week from Theocratic Ministry School education. Some are new. Others have attended the school for many years. The school is conducted in tens of thousands of locations. Wherever you live on earth, the same program of education is available to you. People of all ages, ethnic groups, and educational backgrounds are receiving this theocratic instruction, free of charge.
When the school was inaugurated in congregations of Jehovah’s Witnesses in 1943, its purpose was stated in these words: “To prepare all ‘faithful men,’ those who have heard God’s Word and proved their faith therein, to ‘be able to teach others’ . . . to the one end of making each one . . . better equipped to publicly present the hope that is within him.” (Course in Theocratic Ministry, p. 4) The school’s objective has remained the same to this day.
Really, what is the best thing that any of us can do with our God-given gift of speech? The Bible answers: “Every breathing thing—let it praise Jah.” (Ps. 150:6) When we do that, we bring joy to the heart of our heavenly Father. We give evidence to him that our own hearts are responding with gratitude to his goodness and love. No wonder Christians are encouraged always to “offer to God a sacrifice of praise, that is, the fruit of lips which make public declaration to his name”! (Heb. 13:15) With a view to helping you improve in your ability to use your God-given gifts to praise Jehovah, we welcome you as a student in the Theocratic Ministry School.
While public reading and the arts of speaking and teaching are given much attention in the school, the benefits of Theocratic Ministry School education are not limited to that. As you participate, you will be helped to cultivate such valuable skills as personal reading, listening and remembering, studying, doing research, analyzing and organizing, conversing, answering questions, and putting thoughts down in writing. The Bible itself and Bible-based publications will provide the basis for study and for comments and presentations given in the school. As you fill your mind with the precious truths found in God’s Word, you will learn to think God’s thoughts. How beneficial that can be in every aspect of life! Of the value of God’s Word, 20th-century university educator William Lyon Phelps wrote: “Everyone who has a thorough knowledge of the Bible may truly be called educated. . . . I believe a knowledge of the Bible without a college course is more valuable than a college course without a Bible.”
How to Benefit to the Full
Of course, in order to benefit fully from the education provided in the Theocratic Ministry School, you, the student, must make a personal effort. The apostle Paul urged his Christian associate Timothy: “Ponder over these things; be absorbed in them, that your advancement may be manifest to all persons.” (1 Tim. 4:15) In what practical ways can you apply yourself?
If at all possible, attend the Theocratic Ministry School each week. Make wise use of this textbook, Benefit From Theocratic Ministry School Education. Print your name in the space provided for it on the input page. Always bring the book with you when you attend the school. This textbook is also a workbook. When you read in it important points that you feel will help you, underline them. Use the generous margins to write down practical points that you learn during discussions at the school.
A printed copy of the program to be followed in the Theocratic Ministry School is provided separately. The schedule will also include details as to how the school will be conducted. You may find it practical to keep the schedule in this book, where it will be handy.
In preparing for the weekly school sessions, keep in mind that the Bible is the principal textbook. Give priority to reading any portion of the Bible that may be scheduled for the week. If you are also able to read in advance the material for the various program parts, this too will be very beneficial.
During the school, there may be opportunities for audience participation. Take full advantage of these. Getting involved in such discussions is an important factor in remembering what you hear and being able to put it to use in your personal life.
Of course, all students will have opportunities to give talks or demonstrations before the congregation. Make good use of each one of those opportunities. Really apply yourself to improve in whatever speech quality has been assigned to you. You will be given counsel with a view to your continued progress. Welcome that personal help. In your book, make a note of specific suggestions as to what you might personally do to improve. Since it is difficult for a person to perceive himself the way others do, the loving, Bible-based suggestions and counsel provided can contribute significantly to your progress. That is true even if you have been enrolled in the school for many years.—Prov. 1:5.
Would you like to make more rapid progress? If you show personal initiative, that can be done. Study in advance the material that is to be covered in each student talk. If a substitute speaker is needed, you will be in a position to volunteer, and that will give you more experience. When others give talks, listen carefully to how they handle the material. We learn from one another.
Additionally, if your circumstances permit, you can accelerate your progress by personally studying ahead in this textbook. After you have learned well what is in the next 15 studies, proceed to work your way through the “Program for Developing Ability as a Speaker and a Teacher,” beginning on page 78. First, study each lesson, and do the exercises that are outlined in connection with it. Apply in your ministry what you are learning. This can greatly enhance your progress as a speaker and as a teacher of God’s Word.
Your Theocratic Ministry School education will help to prepare you for what matters most in life. Since we are alive because of God’s will, to praise him is to realize the very purpose of our existence. Jehovah God deserves praise of the highest quality. (Rev. 4:11) The education that we receive in the school is a means to accomplish this so that we may think clearly, act wisely, and communicate effectively the marvelous truths from God’s inspired Word.
FEATURES OF THE SCHOOL
A weekly program of reading, study, and research centered on the Bible
Instruction in public reading and in the arts of speaking and teaching
Participation in class discussions
Opportunities to give presentations before the congregation
Personal assistance to help you progress
SKILLS THAT ARE GIVEN ATTENTION
Listening and remembering
Personal reading
Studying
Doing research
Analyzing and organizing
Conversing
Answering questions
Putting thoughts down in writing
A FOUNDATION ON WHICH TO BUILD
The ability to communicate effectively is an art. Not everyone does it well. Many textbooks have been designed to help people to improve in this area. However, the Creator, the One who endowed humans with the ability to speak, knows more about speaking and teaching than any human speech instructor. His only-begotten Son cooperated with him as the Master Worker in producing the human brain and the organs of speech as well as all the other marvels of creation.
As angels and then humans were brought into existence, that Son served as the Word of God, the primary One through whom God himself conveyed instruction to them. (Prov. 8:30; John 1:1-3) That Son was sent to earth as the Lord Jesus Christ. Concerning him, the inspired record says: “The crowds were astounded at his way of teaching.” And those who heard him testified: “Never has another man spoken like this.” (Matt. 7:28; John 7:46) Over 40 times Jesus is spoken of in the Gospels as Teacher, and with good reason. There is much about speaking and teaching that we can learn from him.
The Bible also contains a record of how Jehovah God used men and women from many backgrounds to accomplish his will. Some of them delivered brief but powerful messages. Many did not speak before large audiences, but they faithfully shared in giving a witness concerning the true God and his purpose. Apparently, most were not eloquent speakers, but God blessed their efforts. We can learn from what the Bible tells us about how they carried on their ministry.—Ps. 68:11.
Of course, the Bible is not a textbook about public speaking. But for those who read with discernment, it contains valuable insights regarding effective speaking and teaching. Benefit From Theocratic Ministry School Education endeavors to build on that foundation. |
Was Life Created? (lc)
2010 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/was-life-created-lc | input Page/Publishers’ Page
Was Life Created?
This publication is not for sale. It is provided as part of a worldwide Bible educational work supported by voluntary donations.
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Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations are from the modern-language New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures—With References.
December 2022 Printing
English (lc-E)
© 2010
WATCH TOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA |
Examining the Scriptures—2019
2018 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/examining-the-scriptures/examining-the-scriptures-2019 | October
Tuesday, October 1
If any one of you is lacking in wisdom, let him keep asking God, for he gives generously to all and without reproaching.—Jas. 1:5.
Jehovah is the Source of wisdom, and he generously shares his wisdom with others. One way that we acquire wisdom from God is by accepting his discipline. And that wisdom can safeguard us from moral and spiritual harm. (Prov. 2:10-12) As a result, we “keep [ourselves] in God’s love . . . with everlasting life in view.” (Jude 21) However, our sinful leanings, our upbringing, and other factors make it a challenge to accept discipline or to view it in the right light. We build appreciation for discipline when we experience its benefits, which confirm God’s love for us. “My son, do not reject the discipline of Jehovah, . . . for those whom Jehovah loves he reproves,” says Proverbs 3:11, 12. Yes, let us never forget that Jehovah has our best interests at heart. (Heb. 12:5-11) Because God fully knows us, his discipline is always appropriate and properly measured. w18.03 28 ¶1-2
Wednesday, October 2
Be hospitable to one another.—1 Pet. 4:9.
The apostle Peter wrote the above to the culturally diverse congregations in Asia Minor. They were facing “fiery trials.” What could help Christians everywhere to get through those stressful times? (1 Pet. 1:1; 4:4, 7, 12) Note that Peter urged his Christian brothers and sisters to be hospitable “to one another,” to those whom they already knew and associated with. How would being hospitable help them? It would draw them together. Consider your own experience. Have you had the pleasure of being invited to someone’s home? Did that occasion not leave you with warm memories? When you entertained some from your congregation, was your friendship not deepened? By extending hospitality, we get to know our brothers and sisters in a more personal way than we can in other settings. Christians in Peter’s day needed to draw ever closer as conditions grew worse. The same is true for Christians in these “last days.”—2 Tim. 3:1. w18.03 14-15 ¶1-3
Thursday, October 3
Happy are those conscious of their spiritual need, since the Kingdom of the heavens belongs to them.—Matt. 5:3.
The Bible speaks highly of spiritually-minded people. Romans 8:6 shows the advantage of being spiritually-minded, saying: “Setting the mind on the flesh means death, but setting the mind on the spirit means life and peace.” By focusing on spiritual things, we gain peace with God and with ourselves now and the prospect of everlasting life in the future. However, we live in a dangerous environment. Since fleshly attitudes are all around us, we need to put forth real effort to develop spirituality and to guard it once we have it. If a person loses his spirituality, he creates a moral vacuum and the polluted “air” of this world will rush in. Jude spoke of those who would deteriorate even to the point of “not having spirituality.”—Jude 18, 19. w18.02 19 ¶5, 7; 20 ¶8
Friday, October 4
Wicked men and impostors will advance from bad to worse.—2 Tim. 3:13.
Many health-care professionals work among those infected with contagious diseases. They care for their patients because they want to help them. In doing so, however, they need to protect themselves so that they do not become infected with the disease they are seeking to treat. Likewise, many of us live and work with those who are infected with attitudes and characteristics that run counter to godly qualities. This presents a challenge for us. These last days are a time of moral chaos. The apostle Paul’s second letter to Timothy describes the characteristics of people who are alienated from God. (2 Tim. 3:1-5) Though we may be shocked by the prevalence of such qualities, we could be influenced by the behavior and attitudes of those who display them. (Prov. 13:20) Therefore, we must protect ourselves from being infected with negative traits while at the same time helping others spiritually. w18.01 27 ¶1-2
Saturday, October 5
Make disciples of people of all the nations, baptizing them.—Matt. 28:19.
In 33 C.E., the resurrected Jesus appeared to a crowd of more than 500 men, women, and possibly even children. It may have been on that occasion that he said the above. (1 Cor. 15:6) Yes, it seems that hundreds of his followers were present when Jesus gave the commission to make disciples. Jesus thus revealed that baptism would be a requirement for those who accept the yoke of Christian discipleship. (Matt. 11:29, 30) Anyone who wished to serve God acceptably would have to acknowledge and accept Jesus’ role in the outworking of Jehovah’s purpose. After doing so, that person could get baptized. This would be the only water baptism having God’s approval. The Bible record provides abundant evidence that in the first century, new disciples of Christ understood the significance of baptism. And they did not unnecessarily delay getting baptized.—Acts 2:41; 9:18; 16:14, 15, 32, 33. w18.03 5 ¶8
Sunday, October 6
O Daniel, you very precious man.—Dan. 10:11.
Today, we live in a world that has been morally and spiritually corrupted by Babylon the Great, the world empire of false religion, “a dwelling place of demons.” (Rev. 18:2) Hence, we stand out as different, even becoming targets for ridicule. (Mark 13:13) Like Daniel, therefore, let us draw close to Jehovah, our God. When we humbly and obediently trust in him, we too will be precious in his eyes. (Hag. 2:7) Parents can learn from the example of Daniel’s parents. How so? Despite the wickedness that prevailed in Judah during Daniel’s early childhood, the boy grew to love God. This reflected good parental training. (Prov. 22:6) Even Daniel’s name, which means “My Judge Is God,” points to God-fearing parents. (Dan. 1:6, ftn.) So parents, do not give up on your children, but teach them patiently. (Eph. 6:4) Also, pray with them and for them. When you strive to impress Bible truth on their hearts, you invite Jehovah’s rich blessing.—Ps. 37:5. w18.02 5 ¶12; 6 ¶14-15
Monday, October 7
Everything is from you, and we have given to you what comes from your own hand.—1 Chron. 29:14.
Giving is an expression of our worship of Jehovah. In vision, the apostle John heard Jehovah’s servants in heaven say: “You are worthy, Jehovah our God, to receive the glory and the honor and the power, because you created all things, and because of your will they came into existence and were created.” (Rev. 4:11) Would you not agree that Jehovah is worthy of all the glory and honor that we can give him by offering the best that we have? Through Moses, Jehovah commanded the nation of Israel to appear before Jehovah at three annual festivals. As part of their worship at those festivals, the Israelites were not to “appear before Jehovah empty-handed.” (Deut. 16:16) Likewise today, unselfish giving in appreciation for and in support of the work of the earthly part of Jehovah’s organization is a fundamental aspect of worship. w18.01 18 ¶4-5
Tuesday, October 8
I will refresh you.—Matt. 11:28.
Jesus added: “Take my yoke upon you . . . For my yoke is kindly, and my load is light.” (Matt. 11:29, 30) How true that statement is! At times, we may feel exhausted when we leave home to attend a congregation meeting or to engage in the field ministry. But how do we feel when we return? Refreshed—and better prepared to deal with life’s trials. Jesus’ yoke is kindly indeed! A sister whom we will call Kayla has had to battle with chronic fatigue syndrome, depression, and migraine headaches. Understandably, she has sometimes found it difficult to attend congregation meetings. However, after she made the effort to attend a public meeting, she wrote: “The talk was about discouragement. The information was presented in such an empathetic and concerned way that I was moved to tears. I was reminded that the meetings are where I need to be.” How happy she was that she made the effort to attend! w18.01 8-9 ¶6-7
Wednesday, October 9
My feet had almost strayed.—Ps. 73:2.
What if your son or daughter begins to express doubts at some point after baptism? For example, a baptized adolescent may seem attracted to the things of the world or may begin to question the wisdom of living by Bible principles. (Ps. 73:1, 3, 12, 13) As a parent, realize that how you handle such questioning on the part of your son or daughter may influence whether your child will choose to draw closer to your faith or he will draw away from it. Be determined not to declare war with your child over this issue, whether he is still quite young or he is now an adolescent. Your goal should be to provide loving support and help in a winning way. Of course, a youth who is baptized has made a solemn dedication to Jehovah. That dedication is a promise to love God and to put his will above everything else. (Mark 12:30) Jehovah does not take that promise lightly, and it should not be taken lightly by anyone who has made it.—Eccl. 5:4, 5. w17.12 22 ¶16-17
Thursday, October 10
I know [my brother] will rise in the resurrection on the last day.—John 11:24.
As did Martha, Jehovah’s loyal servants knew that a future time of resurrection was in store. Think of what God told Abraham to do with Isaac, the long-awaited heir. Jehovah said: “Take, please, your son, your only son whom you so love, Isaac, and . . . offer him up . . . as a burnt offering.” (Gen. 22:2) Imagine the feelings that such a command would stir up. Jehovah had promised that through Abraham’s offspring all nations would be blessed. (Gen. 13:14-16; 18:18; Rom. 4:17, 18) Also, Jehovah said that the blessing would come “through Isaac.” (Gen. 21:12) But how could that occur if Abraham put Isaac to death as a sacrifice? Paul was inspired to explain that Abraham believed that God was able to raise Isaac from the dead. (Heb. 11:17-19) Abraham could not know when his son would be raised to life again. But he trusted that Jehovah would resurrect Isaac. w17.12 5-6 ¶12-14
Friday, October 11
I am clean from the blood of all men.—Acts 20:26.
Like Paul, we should strive to cultivate a godly view of life. Jehovah “desires all to attain to repentance.” (2 Pet. 3:9) Do you? You may find that kindling a merciful attitude in your heart will motivate you to increase your zeal in the ministry and fill you with more joy as you do so. We also share Jehovah’s view of life by cultivating a proper attitude toward safety. We must drive and work safely, even when we are building, maintaining, or traveling to places of worship. Never put production, finances, or schedules ahead of safety and health. Our just God always does what is right and proper. We want to be like him. Elders in particular strive to be conscious of both their own safety and the safety of those working around them. (Prov. 22:3) If an elder reminds you of safety rules and standards, therefore, accept his counsel. (Gal. 6:1) View life as Jehovah views it, and “no bloodguilt will come upon you.”—Deut. 19:10. w17.11 16 ¶11-12
Saturday, October 12
Let no man deprive you of the prize.—Col. 2:18.
Like the apostle Paul, spirit-anointed Christians today have the precious prospect of receiving “the prize of the upward call of God.” (Phil. 3:14) They look forward to serving with Jesus Christ in his heavenly Kingdom and sharing with him in bringing mankind to perfection. (Rev. 20:6) What a wonderful goal such ones have been invited by God to pursue! The other sheep have a different hope. They look forward to gaining the prize of everlasting life on earth—and what a happy prospect that is! (2 Pet. 3:13) To help fellow anointed Christians to stay faithful and attain the prize, Paul urged them: “Keep your minds fixed on the things above.” (Col. 3:2) They were to keep in mind the precious hope of receiving their heavenly inheritance. (Col. 1:4, 5) Indeed, contemplating the blessings that Jehovah sets before his people helps all of God’s servants to keep their eyes on the prize.—1 Cor. 9:24. w17.11 25 ¶1-2
Sunday, October 13
Sing to Jehovah!—Ps. 96:1.
Many of the songs from “Sing Out Joyfully” to Jehovah are in the form of a prayer. With these songs, you can express your personal feelings to Jehovah. Other songs will help “to incite [us] to love and fine works.” (Heb. 10:24) Surely we want to become familiar with the melodies, rhythms, and lyrics of our songs. You can do so by listening to the vocal renditions available on jw.org. By practicing the songs at home, you can learn to sing them with confidence and heartfelt expression. Remember that singing is an important feature of our worship. It is a powerful way to show our love and appreciation for Jehovah. (Isa. 12:5) When you sing out joyfully, you will also encourage others to sing with confidence. Indeed, all in the congregation—young, old, and newly interested ones—can join in this form of direct worship of Jehovah. So do not hold back in expressing yourself in song. Yes, make a joyful sound! w17.11 7 ¶18-19
Monday, October 14
Prove yourselves cautious as serpents and yet innocent as doves.—Matt. 10:16.
Many of today’s refugees come from countries where our preaching work is restricted. Thanks to zealous Witnesses in the lands receiving refugees, thousands of refugees are hearing “the word of the Kingdom” for the first time. (Matt. 13:19, 23) Many who are “loaded down” are finding spiritual refreshment at our meetings and quickly acknowledge: “God is really among you.” (Matt. 11:28-30; 1 Cor. 14:25) Those who preach to refugees need to be “cautious” and even “shrewd.” (Prov. 22:3) Listen patiently to their concerns, but do not discuss politics. Follow directions from the branch office and from local authorities; never put yourself or others at risk. Learn and respect refugees’ religious and cultural sensitivities. For instance, people from some lands have strong feelings about proper dress for women. Therefore, when preaching to refugees, dress so as not to cause needless offense. w17.05 7 ¶17-18
Tuesday, October 15
Let your words always be gracious.—Col. 4:6.
We can ask Jehovah for his holy spirit so that we can display its fruitage when speaking with our unbelieving relatives. We should not try to argue about all their false religious ideas. If they hurt us by their speech or actions, we can imitate the example of the apostles. Paul wrote: “When insulted, we bless; when persecuted, we patiently endure; when slandered, we answer mildly.” (1 Cor. 4:12, 13) Although mild speech is helpful in dealing with opposing relatives, our good conduct can speak even louder. (1 Pet. 3:1, 2, 16) By your example, let your relatives see that Jehovah’s Witnesses enjoy happy marriages, look after their children, and live a clean, moral, and fulfilling life. Even if our relatives never accept the truth, we can have the joy that comes from pleasing Jehovah by our faithful course. w17.10 15 ¶13-14
Wednesday, October 16
Present yourself approved to God.—2 Tim. 2:15.
Should we be surprised that many in modern times have made remarkable changes as a result of studying God’s Word? Not at all! Such experiences remind us of our first-century brothers and sisters, who had the heavenly hope. (1 Cor. 6:9-11) After listing a number of types of people who will not inherit God’s Kingdom, the apostle Paul added: “That is what some of you were.” But they had changed with the help of the Scriptures and of God’s holy spirit. Even after accepting the truth, some had to overcome serious spiritual problems. The Bible mentions one anointed Christian in the first century who had to be disfellowshipped; later, he was reinstated. (1 Cor. 5:1-5; 2 Cor. 2:5-8) Do we not find it encouraging to consider the range of problems that our fellow believers have faced and that they have overcome by means of God’s Word? We surely want to make the best use of it. w17.09 23-24 ¶2-3
Thursday, October 17
We should love, not in word or with the tongue, but in deed and truth.—1 John 3:18.
Love based on right principles (a·gaʹpe) is a gift from Jehovah. He is its Source. (1 John 4:7) This kind of love is the highest form of love. While it can include affection and warmth, it is primarily identified by unselfish actions for the good of others. According to one reference work, a·gaʹpe “can be known only from the actions it prompts.” When we show or are shown unselfish love, our lives are enriched, being filled with joy and meaning. Jehovah showed love for humans even before he created Adam and Eve. He made the earth to be man’s everlasting home, a place where man does not just survive but enjoys life to the full. Jehovah did this solely for our benefit, not for personal gain. He further showed unselfish love by blessing his children on earth with the prospect of living forever in the Paradise that he had prepared for them. w17.10 7 ¶1-2
Friday, October 18
You must love your neighbor as yourself.—Jas. 2:8.
James added: “If you continue showing favoritism, you are committing sin.” (Jas. 2:9) In contrast, love will move us to avoid any discrimination based on education, race, or social status. Indeed, impartiality needs to be more than a veneer. It must be a genuine part of our personality. Love is also “patient and kind” and “does not get puffed up.” (1 Cor. 13:4) It truly takes patience, kindness, and humility to continue sharing the Kingdom message with our neighbors. (Matt. 28:19) These same qualities make it easier for us to get along with all the brothers and sisters in the congregation. What is the reward for showing such love? It produces united congregations that reflect well on Jehovah and that attract newly interested ones. Fittingly, the Bible’s description of the new personality concludes with this powerful truth: “Besides all these things, clothe yourselves with love, for it is a perfect bond of union.”—Col. 3:14. w17.08 26 ¶18-19
Saturday, October 19
Jehovah [warned] them again and again, because he felt compassion for his people.—2 Chron. 36:15.
Should we not feel similar compassion for people who could potentially repent over a sinful life course and gain God’s favor? Jehovah does not want any to be destroyed in the coming judgment. (2 Pet. 3:9) So until God acts to destroy the wicked, let us continue to proclaim his compassionate warning message. We can learn a lesson from Jesus. He felt compassion for the crowds he met, for “they were skinned and thrown about like sheep without a shepherd.” How did he react to their pitiful state? “He started to teach them many things.” (Matt. 9:36; Mark 6:34) His attitude was in stark contrast to that of the Pharisees, who had no desire to help the common people. (Matt. 12:9-14; 23:4; John 7:49) Do you not feel a yearning, similar to what Jesus had, to feed spiritually famished people? w17.09 9 ¶6; 10 ¶9
Sunday, October 20
When I act, who can prevent it?—Isa. 43:13.
While in a prison hole in Egypt, did Joseph have any idea that he would be appointed to the second-highest position in the land or that he would be used by Jehovah to save his family from starvation? (Gen. 40:15, ftn.; 41:39-43; 50:20) No doubt Jehovah’s actions exceeded all of Joseph’s expectations. Did aged Sarah expect that Jehovah would allow her to give birth to a son? The birth of Isaac certainly exceeded all that Sarah could ever have imagined. (Gen. 21:1-3, 6, 7) Granted, we do not expect that Jehovah will miraculously take away all our problems before the promised new world; nor do we demand that spectacular things occur in our lives. But we do know that the God who helped his servants in amazing ways is our God, Jehovah. (Isa. 43:10-12) We know that he can do whatever is needed to empower us to accomplish his will fully. (2 Cor. 4:7-9) Yes, Jehovah can help us to conquer the seemingly unconquerable if we remain faithful to him. w17.08 11-12 ¶13-14
Monday, October 21
Commit to Jehovah whatever you do, and your plans will succeed.—Prov. 16:3.
Full-time service brings you into contact with fellow full-time servants and helps you to mature as a Christian. Many have found that serving Jehovah fully during youth also helped them to have a more successful marriage. Often, those who pioneered before marriage have been able to continue in that service together as a married couple. (Rom. 16:3, 4) Planning involves your heart. Psalm 20:4 says of Jehovah: “May he grant you the desires of your heart and give success to all your plans.” So think about what you want to do with your life. Consider what Jehovah is doing in our time and how you can have a share in his service. Then plan to do what is pleasing to him. Serving Jehovah fully will bring you deep satisfaction because it is the way of life that honors God. Yes, “find exquisite delight in Jehovah, and he will grant you the desires of your heart.”—Ps. 37:4. w17.07 26 ¶15-18
Tuesday, October 22
Praise Jah! . . . How pleasant and fitting it is to praise him!—Ps. 147:1.
When someone has done well at an assigned task or has displayed a remarkable Christian quality, he deserves praise. If that is true of humans, how much more do we have reason to praise Jehovah God! We can praise him because of his immense power, as seen in the wonders of his creation, or because of his warm dealings with humankind, as evidenced by his provision of the ransom sacrifice of his own Son. The writer of the 147th Psalm was moved to praise Jehovah. He also encouraged others to join him in giving God praise. (Ps. 147:7, 12) We do not know who wrote this psalm, but the psalmist apparently lived about the time when Jehovah restored the Israelites to Jerusalem from Babylonian exile. (Ps. 147:2) The restoration of God’s people to their place of true worship would certainly have moved the psalmist to praise Jehovah. What reasons do you have to cry out “Hallelujah!” in your own life?—Ps. 147:1, ftn. w17.07 17 ¶1-3
Wednesday, October 23
Make friends for yourselves by means of the unrighteous riches, so that when such fail, they may receive you into the everlasting dwelling places.—Luke 16:9.
Jesus knew that most of his followers would need to make a living in this unjust commercial world. Although Jesus does not explain why he calls riches “unrighteous,” the Bible makes clear that commercialism was not part of God’s purpose. Jehovah provided abundantly for Adam and Eve’s needs in Eden. (Gen. 2:15, 16) Later, when holy spirit operated on the first-century congregation of anointed ones, “not even one of them would say that any of the things he possessed was his own, but they had all things in common.” (Acts 4:32) The prophet Isaiah pointed to the time when all humans would freely enjoy earth’s material resources. (Isa. 25:6-9; 65:21, 22) But in the meantime, Jesus’ followers would need “practical wisdom” to make a living, using the “unrighteous riches” of today’s world while seeking to please God.—Luke 16:8. w17.07 8 ¶4-6
Thursday, October 24
Everything that he has is in your hand.—Job 1:12.
In the book of Job, one of the earliest Bible books to be written, we learn of Satan’s outpution that if subjected to intense suffering, Job would reject God. Satan suggested that God personally afflict Job. Jehovah did not do that, but he allowed Satan to test Job. In a short time, Job lost his servants, his means of livelihood, and his ten beloved children. Satan accomplished this in a way that made it appear as if God himself had been the cause of Job’s troubles. (Job 1:13-19) Satan next afflicted Job with a painful and repulsive illness. (Job 2:7) His despair was deepened further by the disheartening words of his wife and of three companions who acted as if they were his friends. (Job 2:9; 3:11; 16:2) The result? Satan’s claim was shown to be completely false. Job refused to turn his back on God.—Job 27:5. w17.06 24 ¶9-10
Friday, October 25
If anyone does not provide for those . . . who are members of his household, he has disowned the faith.—1 Tim. 5:8.
Family heads today recognize that they have a Scriptural responsibility to provide for their family’s material needs. They must work hard to fulfill this obligation. However, in these last days, secular work is often a source of anxiety. As a result of fierce competition for a limited number of jobs, many employees feel compelled to work more hours, sometimes for less pay. Also, the constant push for increased production takes a heavy toll on people physically, mentally, and emotionally. Employees who are unwilling to make such sacrifices for their company risk losing their jobs. As Christians, we owe our primary loyalty to Jehovah God, not to our employer. (Luke 10:27) Secular work is simply a means to an end. We work to provide our basic material needs and to support our ministry. If we are not careful, however, secular work could interfere with our worship. w17.05 23 ¶5-7
Saturday, October 26
Listen to your father who caused your birth, and do not despise your mother just because she has grown old.—Prov. 23:22.
On occasion, new ones ask mature publishers to help them teach their children the truth. If a parent decides to have someone study with the children, the one who does so should not try to take over the role of the parents. (Eph. 6:1-4) There have been instances when a Witness was asked to study with children whose parents were not interested in the truth. The Witness needs to bear in mind, though, that in providing spiritual help, he or she does not become the children’s parent. And if such a study is conducted, it would be wise to do so either in the children’s home with the parents or another mature Witness around or in a suitable public area. Thus no one would have a basis to misconstrue what is occurring. It is to be hoped that the parents will, in time, fulfill their God-given responsibility to care spiritually for their children. w17.06 8 ¶15-16
Sunday, October 27
If I do not understand . . . the one speaking, . . . the one speaking will be a foreigner to me.—1 Cor. 14:11.
If children do not identify with their parents’ culture, they may resist learning their parents’ language—and their faith. Christian parents put their children’s spiritual well-being ahead of personal preferences. (1 Cor. 10:24) A brother named Samuel relates: “My wife and I observed our children to see in which language they thrived spiritually, and we prayed for wisdom. . . . When we saw that they were getting little benefit from the meetings in our language, we decided to move to the local-language congregation. Together, we regularly attended meetings and shared in the ministry. We also invited local friends to join us for meals and excursions. All of this helped our children to get to know the brothers and to get to know Jehovah, not only as their God but also as their Father and Friend. We considered this to be much more important than their mastering our language.” w17.05 10 ¶11-13
Monday, October 28
Praise Jehovah!—Judg. 5:2.
Soon the earth will be filled with those who prefer Jehovah’s sovereignty over any other. How we long for that day! With Deborah and Barak, we sing: “Let all your enemies perish, O Jehovah, but let those who love you be like the sun rising in its glory.” (Judg. 5:31) This petition will be answered when Jehovah brings an end to Satan’s wicked world! When the battle of Armageddon begins, there will be no need for human volunteers to rout the enemy. That will be the time for us to “stand still, and see the salvation of Jehovah.” (2 Chron. 20:17) But in the meantime, there are many opportunities for us to support Jehovah’s cause with courage and zeal. “Because of the people’s volunteering, praise Jehovah!” Thus, Deborah and Barak began their victory song with praise, not to creatures, but to the Most High. (Judg. 5:1, 2) Likewise today, may your volunteer spirit move all those who benefit from it to “praise Jehovah!” w17.04 32 ¶17-18
Tuesday, October 29
I have not done anything here for which they should put me in prison.—Gen. 40:15.
Although Joseph did not forget the wrongs he suffered throughout his 13-year ordeal, he did not become embittered by them. (Gen. 45:5-8) Most important, he did not allow the imperfections and wrong actions of others to separate him from Jehovah. Joseph’s loyalty gave him the opportunity to see Jehovah’s hand in correcting the injustices and in blessing him and his family. In a similar way, we must cherish and guard our relationship with Jehovah. Never should we allow the imperfections of our brothers to separate us from the God we love and worship. (Rom. 8:38, 39) Instead, if we experience injustice at the hands of a fellow worshipper, let us be like Joseph and draw even closer to Jehovah, striving to have his view of matters. When we have done all that we Scripturally can to remedy the situation, we need to leave the matter in Jehovah’s hands, confident that he will correct it in his own time and way. w17.04 20 ¶12; 22 ¶15-16
Wednesday, October 30
If you . . . give to your servant a male child, I will give him to Jehovah all the days of his life.—1 Sam. 1:11.
Hannah did exactly as she had vowed to God. She did not even think of doing otherwise. She took Samuel to High Priest Eli at the tabernacle in Shiloh and said: “It was for this boy that I prayed, and Jehovah granted my petition that I asked of him. I, in turn, now lend him to Jehovah. For all his days, he is lent to Jehovah.” (1 Sam. 1:24-28) There, “the boy Samuel continued growing up before Jehovah.” (1 Sam. 2:21) But what did that mean for Hannah? She dearly loved her little boy, but now she would not be able to have everyday contact with him during his boyhood. Think of how she longed to cuddle him, to play with him, to nurture him—to share in all the endearing memories that a loving mother cherishes as she watches her little one grow up. Even so, Hannah had no regrets about keeping her vow to God. Her heart rejoiced in Jehovah.—1 Sam. 2:1, 2; Ps. 61:1, 5, 8. w17.04 5 ¶7-8
Thursday, October 31
Know this, that in the last days critical times hard to deal with will be here.—2 Tim. 3:1.
After foretelling that this present era would involve “critical times hard to deal with,” the apostle Paul was inspired to write: “Wicked men and impostors will advance from bad to worse.” (2 Tim. 3:2-5, 13) Have you seen those prophetic words come true? Many of us have been victims of wicked people, such as violent bullies, hateful bigots, and vicious criminals. Some of those are openly wicked; others are impostors, hiding what they do under an appearance of righteousness. Even if we ourselves have not been victims, such wicked people still affect us. We are sickened at heart when we learn of their horrible acts. The way the wicked brutalize children, the elderly, and other defenseless ones fills us with horror. Wicked people exhibit a spirit that seems subhuman, animalistic, even demonic. (Jas. 3:15) Happily, Jehovah’s Word counters such bad news with good news. w17.04 10 ¶4 |
Creation (ce)
1985 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/ce | “Continue in the Things That You Learned”
That is what the apostle Paul wrote to young Timothy. (2 Timothy 3:14) After reading this book, you know about the many good things God has in store for those who love him. But you need to continue to progress in a spiritual way. Jehovah’s Witnesses will be happy to help you, if you are not already receiving that help. Just write to Watch Tower at the appropriate address listed below, requesting further information or that one of Jehovah’s Witnesses come to your home and regularly study the Bible with you free of charge. |
What Did Jesus Look Like? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502017123 | What Did Jesus Look Like?
The Bible’s answer
No one knows exactly what Jesus looked like, since his physical appearance is not described in the Bible. This indicates that Jesus’ physical features are not important. However, the Bible does give us some idea of Jesus’ general appearance.
Features: Jesus was a Jew and likely inherited common Semitic traits from his mother. (Hebrews 7:14) It is unlikely that his features were especially distinctive. On one occasion he was able to travel in secret from Galilee to Jerusalem without being recognized. (John 7:10, 11) And he apparently did not stand out even among his closest disciples. Recall that Judas Iscariot had to identify Jesus to the armed crowd that arrested him.—Matthew 26:47-49.
Hair length: It is unlikely that Jesus’ hair was long, because the Bible says that “long hair is a dishonor to a man.”—1 Corinthians 11:14.
Beard: Jesus wore a beard. He followed Jewish law, which prohibited adult males from ‘disfiguring the edges of their beard.’ (Leviticus 19:27; Galatians 4:4) Also, the Bible mentions Jesus’ beard in a prophecy about his suffering.—Isaiah 50:6.
Body: All indications are that Jesus was physically robust. During his ministry, he traveled many miles. (Matthew 9:35) He cleansed the Jewish temple twice, overturning the tables of money changers, and once drove out livestock with a whip. (Luke 19:45, 46; John 2:14, 15) McClintock and Strong’s Cyclopedia states: “The whole evangelical narrative indicates [Jesus’] sound and vigorous bodily health.”—Volume IV, page 884.
Facial expressions: Jesus was warm and compassionate, and his facial expressions no doubt reflected this. (Matthew 11:28, 29) People of all sorts sought him out for comfort and help. (Luke 5:12, 13; 7:37, 38) Even children felt at ease in his presence.—Matthew 19:13-15; Mark 9:35-37.
Misconceptions about Jesus’ appearance
Misconception: Some argue that Jesus must have been of African descent because the book of Revelation compares his hair to wool and his feet to “burnished bronze.”—Revelation 1:14, 15, The New Jerusalem Bible.
Fact: The book of Revelation is presented “in signs.” (Revelation 1:1) The description of Jesus’ hair and feet uses symbolic language to illustrate Jesus’ qualities after his resurrection, not to describe his physical appearance when he was on earth. In saying that Jesus’ “head and his hair were white as white wool, as snow,” Revelation 1:14 uses color, not texture, as a point of comparison. This represents his wisdom due to age. (Revelation 3:14) This verse is not comparing the texture of Jesus’ hair to that of wool any more than it is comparing the texture of his hair to that of snow.
Jesus’ feet looked “like fine copper when glowing in a furnace.” (Revelation 1:15) Also, his face was “like the sun when it shines at its brightest.” (Revelation 1:16) Since no race has skin color matching these descriptions, this vision must be symbolic, showing the resurrected Jesus as the one “who dwells in unapproachable light.”—1 Timothy 6:16.
Misconception: Jesus was weak and frail.
Fact: Jesus was manly in his behavior. For example, he boldly identified himself to the armed crowd that came to arrest him. (John 18:4-8) Jesus must also have been physically strong to have worked as a carpenter using manual tools.—Mark 6:3.
Why, then, did Jesus need help to carry his torture stake? And why did he die before the others executed with him died? (Luke 23:26; John 19:31-33) Just prior to Jesus’ execution, his body was seriously weakened. He had been up all night, in part because of emotional agony. (Luke 22:42-44) During the night the Jews had mistreated him, and the next morning the Romans had tortured him. (Matthew 26:67, 68; John 19:1-3) Such factors likely hastened his death.
Misconception: Jesus was always somber, melancholy.
Fact: Jesus perfectly reflected the qualities of his heavenly Father, Jehovah, whom the Bible describes as “the happy God.” (1 Timothy 1:11; John 14:9) In fact, Jesus taught others how to be happy. (Matthew 5:3-9; Luke 11:28) These facts indicate that Jesus often reflected happiness in his facial expressions. |
Mankind’s Search for God (sh)
1990 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/sh | Chapter 16
The True God and Your Future
“In this mysterious universe, there is one thing of which Man can feel certain. Man himself is certainly not the greatest spiritual presence in the Universe. . . . There is a presence in the Universe that is spiritually greater than Man himself. . . . Man’s goal is to seek communion with the presence behind the phenomena, and to seek it with the aim of bringing his self into harmony with this absolute spiritual reality.”—An Historian’s Approach to Religion, by Arnold Toynbee.
1. (Include introduction.) (a) What did historian Toynbee recognize about man and the universe? (b) How does the Bible identify the “absolute spiritual reality”?
DURING most of the last six thousand years, mankind has searched, with greater or lesser zeal, to find that “absolute spiritual reality.” Each major religion has given that reality a different name. Depending on what your religion may be—Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist, Shinto, Confucian, Taoist, Jewish, Christian, or any other—you have a name for the “absolute spiritual reality.” But the Bible gives this reality name, gender, and personality—Jehovah, the living God. That unique God said to Cyrus the Great of Persia: “I am Jehovah, and there is no one else. With the exception of me there is no God. . . . I myself have made the earth and have created even man upon it.”—Isaiah 45:5, 12, 18; Psalm 68:19, 20.
Jehovah—God of Reliable Prophecy
2. If we want to have reliable information on the future, to whom should we turn, and why?
2 Jehovah is the true end of mankind’s search for God. Jehovah has revealed himself as the God of prophecy who can tell the end from the beginning. He said through Isaiah the prophet: “Remember the first things of a long time ago, that I am the Divine One and there is no other God, nor anyone like me; the One telling from the beginning the finale, and from long ago the things that have not been done; the One saying, ‘My own counsel will stand, and everything that is my delight I shall do’; . . . I have even spoken it; I shall also bring it in. I have formed it, I shall also do it.”—Isaiah 46:9-11; 55:10, 11.
3. (a) What events can we foresee through Bible prophecy? (b) What has Satan done to the unbelievers, and why?
3 With such a reliable God of prophecy, we can know what is going to happen to the world system of divisive religions. We can also predict what will befall the powerful political organizations that seem to control the world’s destiny. Even more, we can foretell what end awaits “the god of this system of things,” Satan, who “has blinded the minds of the unbelievers” by a multitude of religions that have led mankind away from the true God, Jehovah. And why has Satan done this blinding work? In order “that the illumination of the glorious good news about the Christ, who is the image of God, might not shine through.”—2 Corinthians 4:3, 4; 1 John 5:19.
4. What questions about the earth and man’s future need to be answered?
4 We can also know what lies beyond these foretold events. In what condition will the earth finally be found? Polluted? Ruined? Deforested? Or will there be a regeneration of the earth and the human race? As we shall see, the Bible answers all these questions. But first let us turn our attention to events of the immediate future.
“Babylon the Great” Identified
5. What did John see in vision?
5 The Bible book of Revelation was revealed to the apostle John on the island of Patmos in the year 96 C.E. It paints vivid pictures of major events to take place in the time of the end, the time in which, according to Biblical evidence, mankind has been living since 1914.a Of those symbolic pictures that John saw in vision, one is of a gaudy, brash harlot, called “Babylon the Great, the mother of the harlots and of the disgusting things of the earth.” In what condition was she? “I saw that the woman was drunk with the blood of the holy ones and with the blood of the witnesses of Jesus.”—Revelation 17:5, 6.
6. Why does Babylon the Great not represent the ruling political elements of the world?
6 Whom does this woman represent? We are not left to guess her identity. By a process of elimination, she can be unmasked. In that same vision, John hears an angel say: “Come, I will show you the judgment upon the great harlot who sits on many waters, with whom the kings of the earth committed fornication, whereas those who inhabit the earth were made drunk with the wine of her fornication.” If the kings, or rulers, of the earth fornicate with her, then it means that the harlot cannot represent the ruling political elements of the world.—Revelation 17:1, 2, 18.
7. (a) Why does Babylon the Great not represent the commercial elements? (b) What does Babylon the Great represent?
7 The same account tells us that “the traveling merchants of the earth became rich due to the power of her shameless luxury.” Therefore Babylon the Great cannot represent the business, or “merchant,” elements of the world. Yet, the inspired text says: “The waters that you saw, where the harlot is sitting, mean peoples and crowds and nations and tongues.” What other principal element of this world system is left that fits the description of a symbolic harlot fornicating with the political rulers, trading with business interests, and sitting in glory over the peoples, crowds, nations, and tongues? It is false religion in all its different guises!—Revelation 17:15; 18:2, 3.
8. What further facts confirm Babylon the Great’s identification?
8 This identification of Babylon the Great is confirmed by an angel’s condemnation of her for her “spiritistic practice [by which] all the nations were misled.” (Revelation 18:23) All forms of spiritism are religious and demon-inspired. (Deuteronomy 18:10-12) Thus, Babylon the Great must symbolize a religious entity. Biblical evidence shows that she is Satan’s entire world empire of false religion, promoted by him in the minds of men in order to divert attention from the true God, Jehovah.—John 8:44-47; 2 Corinthians 11:13-15; Revelation 21:8; 22:15.
9. What common threads are found in many religions?
9 As we have seen throughout this book, there are common threads going right through the confused tapestry of the world’s religions. Many religions have their roots in mythology. Nearly all are tied together by some form of belief in a supposed immortal human soul that survives death and goes to a hereafter or transmigrates to another creature. Many have the common denominator of belief in a dreadful place of torment and torture called hell. Others are connected by ancient pagan beliefs in triads, trinities, and mother goddesses. Therefore, it is only appropriate that they should all be grouped together under the one composite symbol of the harlot “Babylon the Great.”—Revelation 17:5.
Time to Flee From False Religion
10. What end is prophesied for the religious harlot?
10 What does the Bible foretell will be the final destiny of this globe-encircling harlot? In symbolic language, the book of Revelation describes her destruction at the hands of political elements. These are symbolized by “ten horns” that support the United Nations, “a scarlet-colored wild beast” that is the image of Satan’s bloodstained political system.—Revelation 16:2; 17:3-16.b
11. (a) Why is false religion condemned by God? (b) What will happen to Babylon the Great?
11 This destruction of Satan’s world empire of false religion will be the result of God’s adverse judgment of these religions. They will have been found guilty of spiritual fornication because of complicity with their oppressive political paramours and their support of them. False religion has stained its skirts with innocent blood as it has patriotically played along with the elite ruling class of each nation in its wars. Therefore, Jehovah puts it into the hearts of the political elements to perform his will against Babylon the Great and devastate her.—Revelation 17:16-18.
12. (a) What must you do now to be spared when Babylon is destroyed? (b) What teachings distinguish the true religion?
12 With such a future staring world religions in the face, what should you do? The answer is in what John heard a voice out of heaven saying: “Get out of her, my people, if you do not want to share with her in her sins, and if you do not want to receive part of her plagues. For her sins have massed together clear up to heaven, and God has called her acts of injustice to mind.” Therefore, now is the time to obey the angel’s injunction to get out of Satan’s empire of false religion and join in Jehovah’s true worship. (See box, page 377.)—Revelation 17:17; 18:4, 5; compare Jeremiah 2:34; 51:12, 13.
Armageddon Near
13. What events must soon take place?
13 Revelation states that “in one day her plagues will come, death and mourning and famine, and she will be completely burned with fire.” By all the Bible’s prophetic indications, that “one day,” or short time of swift execution, is now near. In fact, the destruction of Babylon the Great will usher in a period of “great tribulation” that culminates in “the war of the great day of God the Almighty . . . Har–Magedon.” That war, or battle, of Armageddon will lead to defeat for Satan’s political system and to his being abyssed. A righteous new world will dawn!—Revelation 16:14-16; 18:7, 8; 21:1-4; Matthew 24:20-22.
14, 15. What Bible prophecy is apparently approaching fulfillment?
14 Already, another outstanding Bible prophecy is approaching fulfillment before our eyes. The apostle Paul prophesied and warned: “Now as for the times and the seasons, brothers, you need nothing to be written to you. For you yourselves know quite well that Jehovah’s day is coming exactly as a thief in the night. Whenever it is that they are saying: ‘Peace and security!’ then sudden destruction is to be instantly upon them just as the pang of distress upon a pregnant woman; and they will by no means escape.”—1 Thessalonians 5:1-3.
15 It would appear that the nations that were formerly belligerent and suspicious of one another are now moving cautiously toward a situation in which they will be able to declare world peace and security. Therefore, from still another angle, we know that the day of Jehovah’s judgment upon false religion, the nations, and their ruler, Satan, is near.—Zephaniah 2:3; 3:8, 9; Revelation 20:1-3.
16. Why is John’s counsel so pertinent today?
16 Millions today are living their lives as if only material values were lasting and worth while. Yet, what this corrupt world offers is shallow and transient. That is why John’s counsel is so pertinent: “Do not be loving either the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him; because everything in the world—the desire of the flesh and the desire of the eyes and the showy display of one’s means of life—does not originate with the Father, but originates with the world. Furthermore, the world is passing away and so is its desire, but he that does the will of God remains forever.” Would you not prefer to remain forever?—1 John 2:15-17.
A Promised New World
17. What does the future hold for those who seek the true God?
17 Since God is going to judge the world through Christ Jesus, what will follow? Long ago, in the Hebrew Scriptures, God prophesied that he would carry out his original purpose toward mankind on this earth, namely, to have an obedient human family enjoy perfect life on a paradise earth. Satan’s attempted subversion of that purpose has not annulled God’s promise. Thus, King David could write: “For evildoers themselves will be cut off, but those hoping in Jehovah are the ones that will possess the earth. And just a little while longer, and the wicked one will be no more . . . The righteous themselves will possess the earth, and they will reside forever upon it.”—Psalm 37:9-11, 29; John 5:21-30.
18-20. What changes will take place on this earth?
18 In what condition will the earth be thereafter? Totally polluted? Burned out? Deforested? Not at all! Jehovah originally intended that the earth should be a clean, balanced, paradise park. The potential for that exists in spite of man’s abuses of the earth. But Jehovah has promised that he will “bring to ruin those ruining the earth.” A situation approaching global ruin has existed only in the 20th century. All the more reason, then, to believe that soon Jehovah will take action to protect his property, his creation.—Revelation 11:18; Genesis 1:27, 28.
19 This change is to take place shortly under God’s arrangement of “a new heaven and a new earth.” It will not mean a new sky and a new planet but, rather, a new spiritual rulership over a renewed earth inhabited by a society of regenerated humankind. In that new world, there will be no room for exploitation of fellow humans or of animals. There will be no violence or bloodshed. There will be no homelessness, no starvation, no oppression.—Revelation 21:1; 2 Peter 3:13.
20 God’s Word states: “‘And they will certainly build houses and have occupancy; and they will certainly plant vineyards and eat their fruitage. They will not build and someone else have occupancy; they will not plant and someone else do the eating. For like the days of a tree will the days of my people be; and the work of their own hands my chosen ones will use to the full. . . . The wolf and the lamb themselves will feed as one, and the lion will eat straw just like the bull; and as for the serpent, his food will be dust. They will do no harm nor cause any ruin in all my holy mountain,’ Jehovah has said.”—Isaiah 65:17-25.
The Foundation of the New World
21. Why is the new world a certainty?
21 ‘How will all of this be possible?’ you might ask. Because “God, who cannot lie, promised before times long lasting” that mankind would be restored and have everlasting life in perfection. And the basis of this hope is that which the apostle Peter expressed in his first letter to fellow anointed Christians: “Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, for according to his great mercy he gave us a new birth to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, to an incorruptible and undefiled and unfading inheritance.”—Titus 1:1, 2; 1 Peter 1:3, 4.
22. What is fundamental to the new world hope, and why?
22 The resurrection of Jesus Christ is fundamental to the hope of a righteous new world because he has been appointed by God to rule from the heavens over a cleansed earth. Paul also emphasized how vital Christ’s resurrection is when he wrote: “However, now Christ has been raised up from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep in death. For since death is through a man, resurrection of the dead is also through a man. For just as in Adam all are dying, so also in the Christ all will be made alive.”—1 Corinthians 15:20-22.
23. (a) Why is Christ’s resurrection vital? (b) What command did the resurrected Jesus give to his followers?
23 Christ’s sacrificial death as a corresponding ransom and his resurrection laid the basis for the hope of “a new heaven,” Kingdom rulership, and a transformed, regenerated human race, “a new earth” society. His resurrection also gave impetus to the preaching and teaching done by his faithful apostles. The account tells us: “However, the eleven disciples went into Galilee to the mountain where [the resurrected] Jesus had arranged for them, and when they saw him they did obeisance, but some doubted. And Jesus approached and spoke to them, saying: ‘All authority has been given me in heaven and on the earth. Go therefore and make disciples of people of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the holy spirit, teaching them to observe all the things I have commanded you. And, look! I am with you all the days until the conclusion of the system of things.’”—Matthew 19:28, 29; 28:16-20; 1 Timothy 2:6.
24. What further blessing does Jesus’ resurrection guarantee?
24 The resurrection of Jesus also guarantees another blessing for mankind—the resurrection of the dead. Jesus’ raising of Lazarus from the dead was a token of a more all-embracing resurrection in the future. (See pages 249-50.) Jesus had said: “Do not marvel at this, because the hour is coming in which all those in the memorial tombs will hear his voice and come out, those who did good things to a resurrection of life, those who practiced vile things to a resurrection of judgment.”—John 5:28, 29; 11:39-44; Acts 17:30, 31.
25. (a) What choice will be available to all in the new world? (b) What form of religion will prevail in the new world?
25 What joy to be able to welcome back our loved ones, each generation likely doing that successively! There in the new world, each person will then be able to decide under perfect conditions whether he or she will worship the true God, Jehovah, or lose life as an opposer. Yes, in the new world, there will be only one religion, one form of worship. All praise will go to the loving Creator, and every obedient human will echo the words of the psalmist: “I will exalt you, O my God the King, and I will bless your name to time indefinite, even forever. . . . Jehovah is great and very much to be praised, and his greatness is unsearchable.”—Psalm 145:1-3; Revelation 20:7-10.
26. Why should you examine God’s Word, the Bible?
26 Now that you have made a comparison of the major religions of the world, we invite you to investigate further God’s Word, the Bible, on which the beliefs of Jehovah’s Witnesses are based. Prove for yourself that the true God can be found. Whether you are Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist, Shinto, Confucian, Taoist, Jewish, Christian, or of any other faith, now is the time to examine your relationship to the true and living God. Probably your religion was decided for you by your place of birth, over which you had no control. Surely, nothing is lost by examining what the Bible says about God. This could be your opportunity of a lifetime really to know the Sovereign Lord God’s purpose for this earth and mankind upon it. Yes, your sincere search for the true God can be satisfied by studying the Bible with Jehovah’s messengers, his Witnesses, who brought you this book.
27. (a) What invitation does Jesus extend to you? (b) In harmony with the theme of this book, what does Isaiah invite everyone to do?
27 Not in vain did Jesus say: “Keep on asking, and it will be given you; keep on seeking, and you will find; keep on knocking, and it will be opened to you.” You can be among those who have found the true God if you heed the prophet Isaiah’s message: “Search for Jehovah, you people, while he may be found. Call to him while he proves to be near. Let the wicked man leave his way, and the harmful man his thoughts; and let him return to Jehovah, who will have mercy upon him, and to our God, for he will forgive in a large way.”—Matthew 7:7; Isaiah 55:6, 7.
28. Who can help you to find the true God?
28 If you are searching for the true God, feel free to contact Jehovah’s Witnesses.c Without cost they will be happy to help you to know intimately the Father and his will while there is yet time.—Zephaniah 2:3.
[Footnotes]
a For a detailed coverage of the last days, see You Can Live Forever in Paradise on Earth, published by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., 1982, pages 148-54.
b For a detailed consideration of these prophecies in Revelation, see the book Revelation—Its Grand Climax At Hand!, published by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., 1988, chapters 33-37.
c For list of addresses, see page 384.
[Box/Picture on page 377]
How to Identify the True Religion
1. The true religion worships the only true God, Jehovah.—Deuteronomy 6:4, 5; Psalm 146:5-10; Matthew 22:37, 38.
2. The true religion offers access to God by means of Christ Jesus.—John 17:3, 6-8; 1 Timothy 2:5, 6; 1 John 4:15.
3. The true religion teaches and practices unselfish love.—John 13:34, 35; 1 Corinthians 13:1-8; 1 John 3:10-12.
4. The true religion remains untainted by worldly politics and conflicts. It is neutral in time of war.—John 18:36; James 1:27.
5. The true religion lets God be true by accepting the Bible as God’s Word.—Romans 3:3, 4; 2 Timothy 3:16, 17; 1 Thessalonians 2:13.
6. The true religion does not condone war or personal violence.—Micah 4:2-4; Romans 12:17-21; Colossians 3:12-14.
7. The true religion successfully unites people of every race, language, and tribe. It does not preach nationalism or hatred, but love.—Isaiah 2:2-4; Colossians 3:10, 11; Revelation 7:9, 10.
8. The true religion advocates serving God, not for selfish gain or a salary, but out of love. It does not glorify men. It glorifies God.—1 Peter 5:1-4; 1 Corinthians 9:18; Matthew 23:5-12.
9. The true religion proclaims the Kingdom of God as man’s sure hope, not some political or social philosophy.—Mark 13:10; Acts 8:12; 28:23, 30, 31.
10. The true religion teaches the truth regarding God’s purpose for man and the earth. It does not teach the religious lies of immortal soul and eternal torment in hell. It teaches that God is love.—Judges 16:30; Isaiah 45:12, 18; Matthew 5:5; 1 John 4:7-11; Revelation 20:13, 14.
[Picture]
Witnesses preaching in the Netherlands
[Pictures on page 373]
The earth has the potential to be a paradise—for this a permanent, righteous world government is needed, and it is promised by God
[Picture on page 374]
Before returning to heaven, Jesus commanded his disciples to preach and teach the good news in all the earth
[Picture on page 379]
The resurrection of the dead will bring joy to the human family earth wide |
Lasting Peace (pc)
2009 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/lasting-peace-pc | Lasting Peace and Happiness—How to Find Them |
Happiness (hp)
1980 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/hp | Chapter 4
Learning About What You Cannot See
MANY of the most fascinating things we cannot see. For example, because the marvel of a baby developing in the womb was long an unseen “miracle,” the first photographs of it were most amazing.
2 There are other important things that we cannot possibly see, such as the forces of magnetism and gravity. Yet they are real. We can learn much about them by observing the effects they produce. It is similar with God. However, if we are interested in learning about our Creator—which we should be—we have to apply ourselves.—Compare John 3:12.
3 Primarily, there are two means of learning about God, whom we cannot see. Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ, mentioned one, writing: “His invisible qualities are clearly seen from the world’s creation onward, because they are perceived by the things made, even his eternal power and Godship.” (Romans 1:20) Yes, creation testifies about the existence of a Supreme Being. In addition, it gives indication of his qualities, what he is like. The second means is far more important, for it provides more exact information about God. It is the written revelation found in the Bible.
WHAT IS HE LIKE?
4 As recorded in the Bible, Jesus said that “God is a Spirit.” (John 4:24) That means that the Creator does not have a physical body of flesh as we do. This should not be difficult to accept for persons who are acquainted with such unseen realities as gravity, magnetism and radio waves. A major distinction with God, however, is that he is a living, intelligent Person with qualities that we can discern. What are some of these?
5 Have you ever watched huge waves crashing against a rocky coast? Or have you observed the tremendous force of a volcano? These are but small-scale indications of the power that the Creator must possess, for he made the earth and its forces.
6 With Einstein’s famous equation E=mc2, scientists explain that all matter is nothing more than energy locked up in the basic atoms. Men have shown this to be true with the explosion of their atomic bombs. Yet did you know that such tremendous explosions release less than one percent of the potential energy of the atoms? Imagine the awesome power of the Creator who put together all the atoms in the universe. Thousands of years before Einstein was born, the Scriptures acknowledged that the Supreme Being is the source of tremendous energy. (Isaiah 40:29) With good reason the Scriptures repeatedly call him “God Almighty.”—Genesis 17:1; Revelation 11:17.
7 God has often used his power in ways that directly affected humans. An example is the Exodus, when God delivered Moses and the Israelites out of Egypt. You may want to read aloud the brief account in Exodus 13:21–14:31. Picture yourself among those being protected by an awesome pillar of cloud by day and by a blazing pillar of fire at night. How would you have felt when it seemed that the pursuing army had you trapped against the Red Sea? Imagine, though, watching as God used his power to form the water into towering walls on both sides so you could escape. What a God he is!—Exodus 15:1, 2, 11; Daniel 4:35.
8 The Exodus also showed God’s ability to accomplish things from a distance. To do this, he uses his invisible active force, his spirit, or holy spirit. Though this active force is impersonal, it can, like a powerful breath of air, exert power. God used his spirit in creating the material universe. (Psalm 33:6; Genesis 1:2) But he can also use it to strengthen and help persons.—Judges 14:5, 6; Psalm 143:10.
9 One who designs and then makes some machine certainly has knowledge of its structure and functions. Hence, does not what we see on earth and in the heavens assure us that God has vast knowledge? Chemists spend a lifetime seeking to understand the makeup of natural substances. What knowledge the One who created these substances must have! Also, scientists are studying the cell and minute forms of life. The Creator had to know these fields thoroughly in order to produce life in the first place!
10 God’s knowledge extends over the whole range of the universe. He can call by name all the billions of stars that he created. (Isaiah 40:26) After just some of God’s vast knowledge was recounted, a man named Job humbly confessed: “I have come to know that you are able to do all things, and there is no idea that is unattainable for you.” (Job 42:2) Do we not have ample reason to feel similarly?
11 God is also the embodiment of wisdom, because he successfully applies his knowledge. For example, he designed plants so that they are able to combine water and carbon dioxide from air to form sugars and starches, which are needed as food for humans and animals. Plants can also make complex fats, proteins and vitamins that we use to keep healthy. All our food depends on an amazing cycle that involves the sun, rainfall, lightning and bacteria in the soil. (Jeremiah 10:12; Isaiah 40:12-15) As a person learns of God’s dealings, he comes to appreciate in his heart why one Bible writer exclaimed: “O the depth of God’s riches and wisdom and knowledge!” (Romans 11:33) Is that not how you would want to feel about a God receiving your worship?
AN APPEALING PERSONALITY
12 It is easy to see that the Creator is a considerate and an abundant provider. We already mentioned some things about his arranging for food. But a writer of Bible psalms said:
“You set springs gushing in ravines, running down between the mountains, supplying water for wild animals, . . . You make fresh grass grow for cattle and those plants made use of by man, for them to get food from the soil: wine to make them cheerful, oil to make them happy and bread to make them strong.”—Psalm 104:10-15, Jerusalem Bible.
God prepared the earth in such a way that there can be more than enough food for all mankind. The tragic food shortages that cause so much suffering usually come from man’s greed or mismanagement.
13 Our Creator does more than abundantly supply what is needed to sustain life. He also makes it enjoyable. God could have provided nourishing food that was all tasteless. Instead, we have an endless variety of delightful flavors in healthful foods. Also, let us not overlook that God made us so that we can enjoy the beauty of colors, such as those of flowers and fruits. And he gave us the ability to enjoy the sound of music. How does all of this make you feel about God?
14 Thinking on this, many persons have been moved to conclude that God must be very loving. They are convinced that he is. The Bible agrees, for the apostle John wrote: “God is love.” (1 John 4:8) The Creator is the very personification of love; it is his dominant quality. If someone asked you what God is like, that would likely be your first reply. He lovingly expresses warm affection toward humans. God is no abstract idea nor a remote deity. He is a warm person with whom we can have a loving relationship. Jesus said that his followers could pray to God as their Father, someone close to them and interested in them.—Matthew 6:9.
15 If you truly love someone, you want to see good come to that one. God feels that way toward humans. Out of love he warns us of things that would cause harm. These warnings are a protection. Also, they help us to understand God’s standards and how he will act or react. For example, the Bible tells us that he hates lying. (Proverbs 6:16-19; 8:13; Zechariah 8:17) This assures us that God himself cannot lie; we can believe completely everything he says. (Titus 1:2; Hebrews 6:18) So when we encounter Bible statements that a person might view as restrictive, we should recognize them as reflecting God’s loving, righteous personality and his interest in us.
16 Further helping us to view God as a person to whom we can relate, the Bible shows that he has feelings in addition to love. For instance, he was “pained” when man rebelled against his righteous ways. (Psalm 78:8-12, 32, 41) He ‘rejoices’ when humans uphold what is right. (Proverbs 27:11; Luke 15:10) When we make mistakes, he is sympathetic, merciful and understanding. You will find it encouraging to read about this at Psalm 103:8-14. And the Creator is impartial, providing the sun and rain for all, and accepting worship from persons without regard for race or nationality.—Acts 14:16, 17; 10:34, 35.
17 Happiness is something that most of us want. Thus we have reason to come to know the Most High. The Bible describes him as “the happy God” and it shows that he wants us to be happy. (1 Timothy 1:11; Deuteronomy 12:7) He is ever a rewarder of those showing faith in him. (Hebrews 11:6; 13:5) And God has made a way for humans to be healthy and happy endlessly, as we will discuss in later chapters.
“THE” GOD
18 Another important thing that the Bible reveals about the Creator is that he has a personal name. In Hebrew it was written with four consonants, like this: יהוה. Most modern languages have a common rendering of this distinctive name. In English it is Jehovah. Psalm 83:18 tells us that people should “know that you, whose name is Jehovah, you alone are the Most High over all the earth.” (Compare John 17:6) Note that he alone is the Most High. There is but one Supreme Being. The ancient Israelites often expressed it this way: “Jehovah our God is one Jehovah. And you must love Jehovah your God with all your heart and all your soul and all your vital force.”—Deuteronomy 6:4, 5; compare John 17:3.
19 Our God, Jehovah, is timeless, as reason would indicate. Scientists say that the universe is thousands of millions of years old. So the Creator of the universe obviously must already have existed before that. This agrees with the Bible’s calling him the “King of eternity,” without beginning or end. (1 Timothy 1:17; Revelation 4:11; 10:6) Man’s few thousand years on earth are a brief moment compared to Jehovah’s timelessness.—Psalm 90:2, 4.
OTHER BEINGS WE CANNOT SEE
20 The Bible reveals that there are also created persons who are spirits. After the Almighty had existed alone for a long time, he chose to create other spirit persons. Initially, he produced “the firstborn of all creation” and “the beginning of the creation by God.” (Colossians 1:15; Revelation 3:14) This firstborn was with the Almighty God in the beginning of creation. Jehovah would later use him also as a spokesman, or Word, in communicating with others. (John 1:1-3; Colossians 1:16, 17) Eventually, this firstborn Son was sent to earth to become a man. He is known as Jesus Christ.—Galatians 4:4; Luke 1:30-35.
21 Working through this first created Son, God made other spirit creatures, commonly known as angels. These serve God as messengers and perform duties in the universe, including services in behalf of humans.—2 Peter 2:11; Hebrews 2:6, 7; Psalm 34:7; 103:20.
22 Both logic and the Bible indicate that the firstborn Son who was both created and sent to earth by God would not be equal to his Father. Some persons who claim belief in the Bible teach that Jesus and his Father are equal parts of a composite deity. This is not a new idea, for many ancient religions worshiped groups of gods. But contrary to this, the Bible clearly says that Jesus, as a separate person, received power from his almighty Father. It assures us that the Almighty knew things that Jesus did not, and that neither when on earth nor afterward was Jesus Christ ever equal to his Father.—John 5:30; 8:28; 14:10, 28; Mark 13:32.
23 For thousands of years in heaven, the Son had a close relationship with Almighty God, so that he could learn from God and imitate his ways. Thus when a disciple asked, “show us the Father,” Jesus replied: “He that has seen me has seen the Father also.” (John 14:8, 9; 1:18) By our studying the Bible account of Jesus’ earthly life we can learn much about the Father, such as why God does things and what he expects us to be like. Jesus once said: “I am the way and the truth and life.” (John 14:6) It is vital for us to come to know him better, and thus also to know the Father. Reading the Gospel of John is an excellent aid. In doing so, do not concentrate on mere facts or details, but try to absorb the spirit of what Christ was like. He was the most important human you can learn about.
WE NEED GOD
24 As we learn about the Almighty through our observing creation and reading the Bible, it becomes evident that humans were not created to live independent of him. We were created to have a relationship with God, from whom we have received life and whose daily provisions sustain our lives. Trying to be independent of him and his Word, the Bible, may be compared to a person’s trying to find his way through an unknown wilderness without a good map. In due course he may get completely lost and die for lack of provisions to sustain life. It is similar when humans omit God and his guidance from their lives. The Bible and history assure us that to enjoy the best life we need more than food, clothing and shelter. For us to be truly happy, we need guidance and help from our Maker.—Matthew 4:4; John 4:34.
25 Many other persons know little about the Creator. As you come in contact with such persons and as opportunity allows, why not pass on some of the good things we have here considered? It is a fine thing when persons are inclined to share with others the important truths they have come to know about Jehovah, our loving heavenly Father.—Psalm 40:5.
[Study Questions]
How is it possible to learn about an unseen God? (1-3)
Why can you be sure of God’s awesome power and his ability to use it? (4-8)
What should we know about God as to knowledge? And wisdom? (9-11)
How do you benefit from displays of God’s personality? (12-14)
How does God show his loving interest in you? How do you feel about this? (Psalm 30:4, 5) (15-17)
What can we know about God’s name and life-span? (18, 19)
Why is God not alone in heaven? (20, 21)
What is the relationship between the Father and the Son? (22, 23)
Why should God be important in your life? (24, 25)
[Picture on page 33]
God’s power parted the Red Sea
[Picture on page 36]
What do the sun, rain and productive soil indicate about God?
Is he not an abundant and a loving Provider? |
Doing God’s Will (je)
1986 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/doing-gods-will-je | outputs
Page
3 We Want to Be of Help
4 God’s Purpose Now Reaching Its Climax
6 The First-Century Christian Congregation
8 Jehovah Gathers and Equips His People for Work
12 Congregations for Building Up in Love and Unity
14 Meetings for Inciting to Love and Fine Works
16 Congregations Organized for Preaching God’s Kingdom
19 Rejoicing and Praising God at Assemblies
20 Traveling Overseers—Fellow Workers in the Truth
22 Full-Time Ministers Spearhead the Preaching Work
24 Producing Bible Literature to Praise God
26 Shepherding God’s Flock in Unity
28 Financially Supported by Voluntary Contributions
29 Persecuted for Righteousness’ Sake
30 United in Doing God’s Will |
Ministry School (be)
2002 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/be | How to Improve Conversation Skills
DO YOU generally find it easy to converse with others? For many, the very thought of engaging in conversation, especially with someone they do not know, causes anxiety. Such people may be shy. They may wonder: ‘What should I talk about? How can I get the discussion started? How can I keep it going?’ Confident, outgoing people may tend to dominate a conversation. Their challenge may be to draw others out and to learn to listen to what is said. So all of us, whether shy or outgoing, need to keep cultivating the art of conversation.
Start at Home
To improve your conversation skills, why not start at home? Upbuilding conversation can contribute much to the happiness of a family.
The foremost key to such conversation is caring deeply about one another. (Deut. 6:6, 7; Prov. 4:1-4) When we care, we communicate, and we listen when the other person wants to say something. Another important factor is having something worthwhile to say. If we have a regular program of personal Bible reading and study, there will be much that we can share. Wise use of the booklet Examining the Scriptures Daily can stimulate discussion. During the day, perhaps we have an enjoyable experience in the field service. We may read something that is informative or humorous. We should make it a practice to share these things during wholesome family conversation. This will also help us to converse with people outside the family circle.
Conversing With a Stranger
Many people hesitate to start a conversation with someone they do not know. But because of love for God and for their neighbor, Jehovah’s Witnesses make an earnest effort to learn how to converse in order to share Bible truths with others. What can help you to improve in this area?
The principle stated at Philippians 2:4 is valuable. We are encouraged to keep an eye, “not in personal interest upon just [our] own matters, but also in personal interest upon those of the others.” Think of it this way: If you have never met the person before, he views you as a stranger. How can you put him at ease? A warm smile and a friendly greeting will help. But there is more to consider.
You may have interrupted his thoughts. If you try to get him to discuss what is on your mind without concern for what is on his mind, will he respond favorably? What did Jesus do when he met a woman at a well in Samaria? Her mind was on getting water. Jesus initiated his conversation with her on that basis, and he soon turned it into a lively spiritual discussion.—John 4:7-26.
If you are observant, you too can discern what people may be thinking about. Does the person look happy or sad? Is he elderly, possibly infirm? Do you see evidence that there are children in the home? Does it seem that the person is materially well-off or that he struggles to obtain the necessities of life? Do home decorations or personal jewelry indicate a religious influence? If your greeting takes such things into account, the person may view you as someone who shares an interest in common with him.
If you do not meet the householder face-to-face, perhaps only hearing his voice through a locked door, what might you conclude? The person may live in fear. Could you use that information to start a conversation through the door?
In some places it is possible for you to draw a person into conversation by telling him something about yourself—your background, why you have come to his door, why you believe in God, why you began to study the Bible, and how the Bible has helped you. (Acts 26:4-23) Of course, this needs to be done with discretion and with a clear objective in mind. This, in turn, may move the person to tell you something about himself and how he views matters.
In some cultures, hospitality to strangers is customary. People may readily invite you to come in and sit down. Once you are seated, if you make a polite inquiry about the well-being of the family and sincerely listen to the response, the householder may be equally attentive to what you have to say. Other peoples show even more intense interest in visitors, so the preliminary greetings may be extensive. In the process, they may find that they have things in common with you. This can lead to a beneficial spiritual discussion.
What if there are many people in your area who speak languages other than yours? How can you reach these people? If you learn even simple greetings in some of those languages, the people will realize that you are interested in them. This may open the way for further communication.
How to Continue a Conversation
To keep a conversation going, be interested in the thoughts of the other person. Encourage him to express himself if he is willing to do so. Well-chosen questions can help. Viewpoint questions are best because they usually prompt more than a yes or no response. For example, after mentioning a problem of local concern, you could ask: “What do you think has caused this situation?” or “What do you think is the remedy?”
When you ask a question, listen attentively to the reply. Indicate your genuine interest by a word, a nod, a gesture. Do not interrupt. With an open mind, consider what is being said. “Be swift about hearing, slow about speaking.” (Jas. 1:19) When you do respond, show that you were really listening to what was said.
Realize, however, that not everyone will answer your questions. From some people the only response may be raised eyebrows or a smile. Others may simply say yes or no. Do not get frustrated. Be patient. Do not try to force the conversation. If the person is willing to listen, use the opportunity to share upbuilding Scriptural thoughts. In time, the person may come to view you as a friend. Then perhaps he will be willing to share his thoughts more freely.
As you talk with people, have an eye to the future. If a person raises a number of questions, answer some of them but leave one or two for the next time you talk together. Offer to do research, and then share the results with him. If he does not raise questions, you might conclude your conversation with a question that you believe will interest him. Offer to discuss it on the next call. A wealth of ideas can be found in the book Reasoning From the Scriptures, the brochure What Does God Require of Us?, and recent issues of The Watchtower and Awake!
When With Fellow Believers
When you meet another one of Jehovah’s Witnesses for the first time, do you take the initiative to get acquainted? Or do you just stand quietly? Love for our brothers should move us to want to get to know them. (John 13:35) How can you begin? You might simply give your name and ask for the name of the other person. Asking him how he learned the truth will usually lead to an interesting conversation and will help you get to know each other. Even if what you say does not seem to come out fluently, your effort indicates to the other person that you care about him, and that is what is important.
What can contribute to a meaningful conversation with a member of your congregation? Show genuine interest in the person and his family. Has the meeting just concluded? Comment on thoughts that you found helpful. This can be beneficial to both of you. You might mention a point of interest from a recent issue of The Watchtower or Awake! This should not be done as a show or a test of knowledge. Do it to share something in which you found special delight. You might talk about an assignment one of you may have in the Theocratic Ministry School and exchange ideas on how it could be handled. You might also share experiences from the field ministry.
Of course, our interest in people often leads to conversation about people—the things they say and do. Humor too may be part of our speech. Will what we say be upbuilding? If we take to heart the counsel of God’s Word and are motivated by godly love, our speech surely will be upbuilding.—Prov. 16:27, 28; Eph. 4:25, 29; 5:3, 4; Jas. 1:26.
Before we engage in the field ministry, we prepare. Why not prepare an interesting tidbit to share in conversation with friends? As you read and hear things of interest, make note of points that you want to share with others. In time, you will have an abundance from which to choose. Doing this will enable you to broaden out beyond making comments on the daily routine of life. Above all, may your speech give evidence of how precious God’s Word is to you!—Ps. 139:17.
CONVERSATION OPENERS
Follow local customs
Offer a sincere compliment
Mention a point of mutual interest
Ask a viewpoint question
HELPFUL QUALITIES
A cheerful attitude
Warmth and sincerity
Appropriate personal interest |
Worship God (wt)
2002 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/wt | Chapter Sixteen
“Have Intense Love for One Another”
1. What often impresses newcomers at the meetings of Jehovah’s Witnesses?
WHEN people first come to the meetings of Jehovah’s Witnesses, they are often impressed by the love shown there. They observe it in the welcome extended to them and in the warm fellowship. Visitors to our conventions also notice this love. A news reporter wrote regarding a convention: ‘Nobody under the influence of drugs or alcohol. No yelling and screaming. No pushing. No shoving. No one swearing or cursing. No dirty jokes or foul language. No smoke-filled air. No stealing. No one throwing cans on lawns. It was really unusual.’ All of this is evidence of love, the kind that “does not behave indecently, does not look for its own interests.”—1 Corinthians 13:4-8.
2. (a) In time, what should be evident as to our displaying love? (b) In imitation of Christ, what kind of love do we need to cultivate?
2 Brotherly love is the identifying mark of genuine Christians. (John 13:35) As we grow spiritually, we learn to express love more fully. The apostle Paul prayed that the love of his fellow Christians would “abound yet more and more.” (Philippians 1:9) The apostle John showed that our love should be self-sacrificing. He wrote: “By this we have come to know love, because [the Son of God] surrendered his soul for us; and we are under obligation to surrender our souls for our brothers.” (1 John 3:16; John 15:12, 13) Would we actually give our life for our brothers? While most situations do not require that, to what extent do we go out of our way to help them now, even when it is not convenient?
3. (a) In what way might we express our love more fully? (b) Why is it vital to have intense love for one another now?
3 Along with our deeds that reflect a self-sacrificing spirit, we need to have a genuinely warm feeling toward our brothers. God’s Word urges us: “In brotherly love have tender affection for one another.” (Romans 12:10) We all feel that way toward some people. But could we learn to feel such fondness for yet others? As the end of this old system draws near, it is vital for us to draw ever closer to our fellow Christians. The Bible says: “The end of all things has drawn close. . . . Above all things, have intense love for one another, because love covers a multitude of sins.”—1 Peter 4:7, 8.
When Problems Arise
4. (a) Why can problems arise between those in a congregation? (b) While we may not always be inclined to do so, what good can result if we apply the Bible’s counsel?
4 Of course, as long as we are imperfect, there will be times when we do things that offend others. Our brothers too may sin against us in various ways. (1 John 1:8) If you find yourself in such a situation, what should you do? The Scriptures provide the needed direction. But what they say may not coincide with what we as imperfect humans are inclined to do. (Romans 7:21-23) Nevertheless, our earnestly applying the counsel that the Bible contains will give evidence of our sincere desire to please Jehovah. Doing so will also enrich the quality of our love toward others.
5. If someone hurts us, why should we not retaliate?
5 When people are hurt, they sometimes look for ways to get even with the offender. But that only makes the situation worse. If recompense is needed, we should leave that to God. (Proverbs 24:29; Romans 12:17-21) Others may try to avoid contact with the offender. But we should not do that to fellow worshipers, for the acceptability of our own worship depends, in part, on our loving our brothers. (1 John 4:20) Thus, Paul wrote: “Continue putting up with one another and forgiving one another freely if anyone has a cause for complaint against another. Even as Jehovah freely forgave you, so do you also.” (Colossians 3:13) Can you do that?
6. (a) How often should we forgive our brother? (b) Appreciating what will help us to handle a sin against us?
6 What if someone repeatedly sins against us but does not commit gross sins for which he can be put out of the congregation? For such lesser sins, the apostle Peter suggested forgiving “up to seven times.” But Jesus said: “Not, Up to seven times, but, Up to seventy-seven times.” He highlighted the enormity of our debt to God compared to what any human may owe us. (Matthew 18:21-35) In many ways we sin against God every day—sometimes by a selfish act, by what we say or think, or by what we fail to do—not even realizing that we are sinning. (Romans 3:23) Yet, God continues to be merciful toward us. (Psalm 103:10-14; 130:3, 4) He requires us to deal the same way with one another. (Matthew 6:14, 15; Ephesians 4:1-3) Then we will be practicing the kind of love that “does not keep account of the injury.”—1 Corinthians 13:4, 5; 1 Peter 3:8, 9.
7. What should we do if a brother has something against us?
7 There may be times when we realize that even though we have no hard feelings toward our brother, he has something against us. We can choose to ‘cover it over with love,’ as 1 Peter 4:8 suggests. Or we can take the initiative to talk to him and try to restore peaceful relations.—Matthew 5:23, 24.
8. If a fellow believer does something that upsets us, what can be done about it?
8 It could be that a fellow believer is doing something that upsets not only you but others too. Would it not be good to talk to him? Perhaps. If you personally explain the problem to him in a kind way, this may bring good results. But first you ought to ask yourself: ‘Is he really doing something unscriptural? Or is the problem largely because my background and training are different from his?’ Be careful not to set up your own standards and then judge according to these. (James 4:11, 12) Jehovah impartially accepts people from all sorts of backgrounds and is patient with them as they grow spiritually.
9. (a) Who gives attention to cases of gross wrongdoing in the congregation? (b) When is it the responsibility of the one sinned against to act first, and with what objective?
9 If someone in the congregation gets involved in gross wrongdoing, such as immorality, prompt attention should be given. By whom? By the elders. (James 5:14, 15) However, if a sin is committed against an individual, perhaps in a business matter or in the harmful misuse of the tongue, then the one sinned against should first endeavor to approach the offender on a private basis. (Matthew 18:15) If that does not resolve the matter, further steps need to be taken, as outlined at Matthew 18:16, 17. Love for our erring brother and a desire to ‘gain’ him will help us do this in a manner that seeks to reach his heart.—Proverbs 16:23.
10. When a problem arises, what will help us to view the matter properly?
10 When a problem comes up, whether it is great or small, we are helped if we endeavor to understand how Jehovah views it. He does not approve of sin in any form, and in his due time, unrepentant practicers of gross sin are cleaned out of his organization. However, let us not forget that we all sin in lesser ways and are in need of his long-suffering and mercy. Jehovah thus sets a pattern to be imitated by us when we are confronted with the sins of others. When we are merciful, we are reflecting his love.—Ephesians 5:1, 2.
Seek Ways to “Widen Out”
11. Why did Paul encourage the Corinthians to “widen out”?
11 Paul spent months building up the congregation in Corinth, Greece. He worked hard to help the brothers there, and he loved them. But some of them lacked warmth of feeling toward him. They were very critical. He urged them to “widen out” in expressing affection. (2 Corinthians 6:11-13; 12:15) We all do well to consider the extent to which we express love to others and to seek ways to widen out.—1 John 3:14.
12. How can we grow in our love for all in the congregation?
12 Are there some in the congregation to whom we find it difficult to draw close? If we go out of our way to cover over any personality differences—as we would want them to do for us—this can help to warm the relationship between us. Our feelings toward them can also improve if we seek out their good qualities and concentrate on these. This will surely cause our love for them to grow.—Luke 6:32, 33, 36.
13. How can we widen out in showing love to those in our congregation?
13 Admittedly, there are limitations to what we can do for others. We may not be able to greet everyone at each meeting. It may not be possible to include everyone when we invite friends for a meal. But could we widen out by spending just a few minutes getting better acquainted with someone in our congregation? Might we occasionally invite someone whom we do not know well to work with us in the field ministry?
14. When among Christians we have never met, how can we show intense love for one another?
14 Christian conventions afford fine opportunities to widen out in our love. Thousands may be present. We cannot meet them all, but we can conduct ourselves in a way that shows we put their welfare ahead of our convenience. Between sessions, we can show personal interest by taking the initiative to meet some of those around us. Someday all who live on earth will be brothers and sisters, united in worship of the true God and Father of all. What a joy it will be to get to know one another! Intense love will move us to want to do that. Why not start now?
Review Discussion
• When problems arise between Christians, how should these be resolved, and why?
• As we grow spiritually, in what ways should our love also grow?
• How is it possible to show intense love for more than just a close circle of friends?
[Picture on page 148]
Christian love is demonstrated in many ways, as at congregation meetings |
Examining the Scriptures—2018
2017 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/examining-the-scriptures/examining-the-scriptures-2018 | March
Thursday, March 1
They drove Jephthah out.—Judg. 11:2.
Jealousy and hatred moved Jephthah’s half brothers to drive him away, illegally depriving him of his rightful inheritance as firstborn. (Judg. 11:1-3) Yet, he came to their aid when they pleaded for his help. (Judg. 11:4-11) The fight to defend Jehovah’s name was more important to Jephthah than any personal conflicts. He was determined to be faithful to Jehovah, resulting in good for himself and for others. (Heb. 11:32, 33) Will we allow Jephthah’s example to touch our hearts? Perhaps we have experienced disappointment or ill-treatment from certain Christian brothers. If so, we should not allow such challenges to hold us back from attending Christian meetings or serving Jehovah and being with the congregation to the full. In imitation of Jephthah, we too can allow divine standards to help us overcome negative circumstances and continue to be a force for good.—Rom. 12:20, 21; Col. 3:13. w16.04 1:7, 9, 10
Friday, March 2
We do not give up.—2 Cor. 4:1.
We must endure, not for a time, but to the end. To illustrate: Imagine a ship that capsizes. To survive, the passengers must swim to shore. The swimmer who gives up only a few yards from shore faces the same fate as the swimmer who gave up much earlier. Similarly, we are determined to endure until we reach the new world. Our life depends on our enduring. We have an attitude like that of the apostle Paul, who twice stated: “We do not give up.” (2 Cor. 4:16) We can be absolutely confident that Jehovah will help us endure to the end. We share Paul’s conviction as expressed at Romans 8:37-39: “We are coming off completely victorious through the one who loved us. For I am convinced that neither death nor life nor angels nor governments nor things now here nor things to come nor powers nor height nor depth nor any other creation will be able to separate us from God’s love that is in Christ Jesus our Lord.” w16.04 2:17, 18
Saturday, March 3
If any one of you is lacking in wisdom, let him keep asking God, . . . and it will be given him.—Jas. 1:5.
Ask Jehovah for the wisdom to recognize and deal with situations that could cause you to violate your Christian neutrality. If you are imprisoned or otherwise punished because of your resolute stand for true worship, pray for the strength to defend your faith with boldness and to endure whatever persecution may come. (Acts 4:27-31) Jehovah can strengthen you by means of his Word. Meditate on verses that will help you maintain your neutrality under test. Commit them to memory now, so that they can sustain you if you do not have access to a Bible later. God’s Word can also reinforce your hope in future Kingdom blessings. This hope is essential if we are to endure persecution. (Rom. 8:25) Select passages that describe blessings that you especially hope to enjoy, and visualize yourself experiencing those blessings in Paradise. w16.04 4:14, 15
Sunday, March 4
You received free, give free.—Matt. 10:8.
The clergy of Christendom are not preaching God’s Kingdom. If they do speak about the Kingdom, many refer to it as a feeling or a condition in the heart of a Christian. (Luke 17:21) They do not help people to understand that God’s Kingdom is a heavenly government with Jesus Christ as Ruler, that it is the solution to all mankind’s problems, and that it will soon remove all wickedness from this earth. (Rev. 19:11-21) Rather, they prefer to remember Jesus at Christmas and Easter. They seem to have no idea of what Jesus will accomplish as earth’s new Ruler. They have also lost sight of what should be the motive for preaching. It should not be to collect money and construct elaborate buildings. The Word of God should not be commercialized. (2 Cor. 2:17, ftn.) Those preaching the Kingdom message should not seek personal gain for the work that they do.—Acts 20:33-35. w16.05 2:7, 8
Monday, March 5
Let each one keep seeking, not his own advantage, but that of the other person.—1 Cor. 10:24.
Suppose you are drawn to a certain style of dress that could possibly disturb some in the congregation. Yet, you may know of no specific Bible law that forbids it. What is Jehovah’s mind on the matter? The apostle Paul offered this inspired counsel: “The women should adorn themselves in appropriate dress, with modesty and soundness of mind, not with styles of hair braiding and gold or pearls or very expensive clothing, but in the way that is proper for women professing devotion to God.” (1 Tim. 2:9, 10) In principle, this counsel applies equally to Christian men. As devoted servants of Jehovah, we are concerned not only with our personal preferences but with the effect that our dress and grooming could have on others. Modesty and love move us to take into account the opinions of fellow believers in order to avoid distracting or even offending them.—1 Cor. 10:23; Phil. 3:17. w16.05 3:14
Tuesday, March 6
O Jehovah, you are our Father. We are the clay, and you are our Potter; we are all the work of your hand.—Isa. 64:8.
Adam lost his sonship when he rebelled against his Maker. Nonetheless, throughout the generations “a great cloud” of Adam’s descendants have chosen to uphold God’s sovereignty. (Heb. 12:1) By humbly submitting to their Creator, they have demonstrated that they wanted him, not Satan, to be their Father and Potter. (John 8:44) Their loyalty to God calls to mind the words of our day’s text. Today, all who worship Jehovah in spirit and truth endeavor to reflect the same humble, submissive attitude. They consider it an honor to address Jehovah as Father and to submit to him as their Potter. Do you see yourself as soft clay in God’s hands, willing to be molded into a vessel that is desirable in his eyes? Do you similarly see each of your spiritual brothers and sisters as a work in progress, being molded by God? w16.06 1:2, 3
Wednesday, March 7
Keep testing whether you are in the faith.—2 Cor. 13:5.
As we approach the new world, our faith is being tested. We would do well to assess the quality of our faith. For example, we might examine our view of Jesus’ words recorded at Matthew 6:33. Ask yourself: ‘Do my priorities and decisions reflect that I truly believe Jesus’ words? Would I decide to miss meetings or field service so as to increase my income? What will I do if secular pressures continue to mount? Will I allow the world to squeeze me into its mold—and perhaps right out of the truth?’ As another example, think about a servant of Jehovah who is somewhat reluctant to follow Bible standards, perhaps regarding associations, disfellowshipping, or entertainment. Ask yourself, ‘Might it be that this is true in my case?’ If we detect such a hardening attitude developing within us, we urgently need to examine our faith! Honest self-appraisal in the light of God’s Word should be a regular part of our thinking. w16.06 2:8, 9
Thursday, March 8
The little one will become a thousand and the small one a mighty nation.—Isa. 60:22.
Jehovah’s faithful servants on earth, his Witnesses, make up an organization that is indeed exceptional. True, it is composed of humans who are imperfect and who have their faults. Still, God’s holy spirit has been moving his global congregation to grow and prosper. When the last days of the present system began back in 1914, God’s servants on earth were relatively few in number. But Jehovah blessed their preaching work. During the following decades, millions of new ones learned Bible truths and became Jehovah’s Witnesses. Jehovah actually pointed forward to this outstanding growth, saying the words of today’s text and adding: “I myself, Jehovah, will speed it up in its own time.” That prophetic statement has certainly come true in these last days. Thus, the number of God’s people on earth is now greater than the entire population of many nations. w16.06 4:1, 2
Friday, March 9
Are you not worth more than [the birds of heaven] are?—Matt. 6:26.
For Jesus, it was unthinkable that his heavenly Father would provide food for the birds but not take care of the same basic needs of humans. (1 Pet. 5:6, 7) He will not put the food in our mouths, but he may bless our efforts to grow the food we need or to earn the money to buy our daily provisions. In cases of need, he may motivate others to share what they have. Although Jesus did not mention providing shelter for the birds of heaven, Jehovah has provided them with the instincts, skills, and materials needed to make nests for themselves. Jehovah can likewise help us find adequate housing for our families. When saying the words found in today’s text, Jesus no doubt had in mind that he would soon give his life in behalf of mankind. (Compare Luke 12:6, 7.) Jesus did not die for the birds of heaven, but he did die for us so that we might enjoy unending life.—Matt. 20:28. w16.07 1:11-13
Saturday, March 10
Sin must not be master over you, seeing that you are not under law but under undeserved kindness.—Rom. 6:14.
How did humans inherit the sinful, dying condition that plagues us all? The Bible explains: “By the trespass of the one man [Adam] death ruled as king” over Adam’s descendants. (Rom. 5:12, 14, 17) Happily, though, we can choose no longer to be ruled, or dominated, by sin. By exercising faith in Christ’s ransom sacrifice, we place ourselves under the rule of Jehovah’s undeserved kindness. (Rom. 5:20, 21) Even though we remain sinners, we need not resign ourselves to having sin dominate our lives. When we do give in to sin, we will ask Jehovah for his forgiveness. Therefore, we come under the rule of undeserved kindness. With what result? Paul explained: “The undeserved kindness of God . . . trains us to reject ungodliness and worldly desires and to live with soundness of mind and righteousness and godly devotion amid this present system of things.”—Titus 2:11, 12. w16.07 3:5, 6
Sunday, March 11
[God] brought her to the man.—Gen. 2:22.
The first marriage was struck with calamity because both Adam and Eve chose to misuse their free will by disobeying Jehovah. “The original serpent,” Satan the Devil, deceived Eve by leading her to believe that eating fruit from “the tree of the knowledge of good and bad” imparted special knowledge that would enable her to decide what was good and what was bad. She did not show respect for her husband’s headship by asking him about the matter. And instead of obeying God, Adam accepted the fruit Eve held out to him. (Rev. 12:9; Gen. 2:9, 16, 17; 3:1-6) When brought to account by God, Adam blamed his wife. Eve blamed the serpent for deceiving her. (Gen. 3:12, 13) Lame excuses but no justification! Because the first human pair had disobeyed Jehovah, they stood before him as condemned rebels. What a warning for us! For success in marriage, each mate must accept personal responsibility and obey Jehovah. w16.08 1:1, 4, 5
Monday, March 12
What God has yoked together, let no man put apart.—Matt. 19:6.
Unrealistic expectations may be at the root of a marital problem. When dreams about a happy marriage do not come true, a person may feel dissatisfied, cheated, even bitter. Differences in emotional nature and upbringing may become issues, or disagreements may arise regarding money, in-laws, and child-rearing. However, it is commendable that the vast majority of Christian married couples find mutually acceptable solutions for all such problems because they let God guide them. Christian marriage mates who have serious problems should seek help from the elders. These experienced brothers can assist married couples to apply the counsel of God’s Word. In resolving marital problems, we should also pray for Jehovah’s spirit and his help in applying Bible principles and displaying the fruitage of his spirit.—Gal. 5:22, 23. w16.08 2:11-13
Tuesday, March 13
From now on you will be catching men alive.—Luke 5:10.
Jesus had limited time to carry out his ministry. Nevertheless, he took time to cultivate the interest people showed in the good news. For instance, Jesus taught a crowd, using a boat as a platform. On that occasion, he miraculously gave Peter a huge catch of fish and said the words of today’s text. What result did Jesus’ words and actions produce? Peter and his associates “abandoned everything and followed [Jesus].” (Luke 5:1-11) Nicodemus, a member of the Sanhedrin, became interested in Jesus’ teaching. He wanted to learn more but was afraid of what others would say if he spoke with Jesus in public. Jesus was flexible and generous with his time; he met with Nicodemus at night—away from the crowds. (John 3:1, 2) God’s Son set aside time to build up the faith of individuals. Should we not be diligent in making return visits and conducting Bible studies with interested ones? w16.08 4:10, 11
Wednesday, March 14
Walk in modesty with your God.—Mic. 6:8.
Our modesty includes making a humble evaluation of ourselves when compared with Jehovah’s purity and holiness, for we are completely dependent on him for the best guidance. Also, modesty includes showing respect for the feelings and opinions of others. Therefore, we ‘walk in modesty with God’ by conforming our lives to his elevated standards and showing respect for other people’s sensitivities. Our choice of clothing should not make people conclude anything other than that we are worshippers of Jehovah. Our brothers and sisters as well as people in general should be able to see that we fittingly represent our righteous God. He has high standards, and we happily strive to reflect those standards. Commendation is in order for brothers and sisters whose appearance and fine conduct attract honesthearted people to the Bible’s lifesaving message and bring glory and joy to Jehovah. w16.09 3:18-20
Thursday, March 15
You have contended with God and with men and you have at last prevailed.—Gen. 32:28.
Jacob was a very determined contender, and he proved that he would not turn aside from the challenge! (Gen. 32:24-26) And he was, indeed, rewarded for his perseverance. He received the fitting name Israel, (meaning “Contender [Perseverer] With God” or “God Contends”). Jacob gained the rich reward that we too are seeking—Jehovah’s approval and blessing. Jacob’s beloved wife, Rachel, was eager to see how Jehovah would fulfill his promise to bless her husband’s offspring. But she had no children. In her day, that situation was viewed as a great affliction. How did Rachel find the emotional and physical strength to continue battling against circumstances that were discouraging but completely beyond her control? She never gave up hope. Rather, she kept contending by praying with more intensity. Jehovah heard Rachel’s heartfelt supplications, and she was eventually blessed with children.—Gen. 30:8, 20-24. w16.09 2:6, 7
Friday, March 16
The word of God is alive and exerts power and is sharper than any two-edged sword.—Heb. 4:12.
It is particularly important that you impress on your children the value of Bible principles. (Ps. 1:1-3) There are many ways to do this. For example, you could ask your children to imagine that they are going to live on a remote island and will have to choose a number of people to live there with them. Then ask, “What qualities must each person have if all in the group are to live in peace and get along well?” You could also talk with them about the wise directions found at Galatians 5:19-23. That exercise could teach two important lessons. First, God’s standards promote genuine peace and harmony. Second, by educating us now, Jehovah is preparing us for life in the new world. (Isa. 54:13; John 17:3) You could drive these points home by selecting an experience from our publications. It might be from the series “The Bible Changes Lives,” published in The Watchtower. w16.09 5:13, 14
Saturday, March 17
[Make] the best use of your time.—Eph. 5:16.
Although we may be very busy, we all need to make time for personal study and family worship. (Eph. 5:15) Our aim, though, should not be simply to cover a certain number of pages or solely to prepare comments to participate at meetings. We want to make sure that we allow God’s Word to reach our heart and strengthen our faith. We should find a balance between keeping in mind the needs of others when studying and reflecting on our own spiritual needs. (Phil. 1:9, 10) We must recognize that when we prepare for the ministry, for the meetings, or for a talk, we may not necessarily apply what we read to ourselves. To illustrate: Although a chef has to taste dishes before serving them, he cannot live merely on the food he samples. If he wants to remain healthy, he has to prepare nutritious meals for himself. Similarly, we should strive to nourish our heart with spiritual food that fills our personal needs. w16.10 2:10, 11
Sunday, March 18
By faith we perceive that the systems of things were put in order by God’s word, so that what is seen has come into existence from things that are not visible.—Heb. 11:3.
The Bible’s description of faith is found at Hebrews 11:1. Faith focuses on two kinds of things that are not visible to us: (1) “What is hoped for”—this may include future events that have been promised to happen but that have not yet occurred, such as the end of all wickedness and the coming new world. (2) “Realities that are not seen.” In this context, the Greek word translated “evident demonstration” refers to “convincing evidence” of an invisible reality, such as the existence of Jehovah God, Jesus Christ, the angels, and the activities of the heavenly Kingdom. How do we prove that our hope is alive and that we believe in the unseen things spoken of in God’s Word? By our words and deeds—without which our faith would be incomplete. w16.10 4:6
Monday, March 19
Keep on encouraging one another.—Heb. 3:13.
Jehovah and Jesus greatly value what all of us do to support Kingdom interests, even if our efforts and contributions are limited because of our circumstances. (Luke 21:1-4; 2 Cor. 8:12) For instance, some of our dear elderly ones make great effort to attend and share in meetings and the ministry regularly. Should we not commend and encourage them? Yes, seize opportunities to encourage others. If we see something that merits commendation, why hold back? Consider what happened when Paul and Barnabas were at Antioch in Pisidia. The presiding officers of the synagogue there told them: “Men, brothers, if you have any word of encouragement for the people, tell it.” Paul responded by giving a fine talk. (Acts 13:13-16, 42-44) If we can offer a word of encouragement, why not speak up? We will very likely find that if we make it a habit to be encouraging, people will encourage us in return.—Luke 6:38. w16.11 1:3, 15, 16
Tuesday, March 20
The eyes of Jehovah are everywhere, watching both the bad and the good.—Prov. 15:3.
What a privilege it is to be part of Jehovah’s organization! With our knowledge of God’s requirements and standards comes the responsibility to do what is right and uphold his sovereignty. As this world sinks deeper and deeper into debauchery, we must “hate what is bad,” as Jehovah does. (Ps. 97:10) We refuse to join the ungodly and say: “Good is bad and bad is good.” (Isa. 5:20) Because we want to please God, we strive to remain clean physically, morally, and spiritually. (1 Cor. 6:9-11) We love Jehovah and put our trust in him; we choose to show our loyalty to him by living up to the standards clearly outlined in his own precious Book. And we make every effort to comply with those standards at home, in the congregation, on the job, at school—everywhere. w16.11 3:13
Wednesday, March 21
Let every person be in subjection to the superior authorities.—Rom. 13:1.
The Bible Students were sincere. But during the period between 1914 and 1919, they did not always have a proper view of subjection to the secular governments. Therefore, as a group, they were not always neutral with regard to the war effort. For example, when the president of the United States decreed that May 30, 1918, would be set aside as a day of prayer for peace, The Watch Tower urged the Bible Students to join in the observance. Some brothers purchased bonds to provide financial assistance to the war effort, and a few even went into the trenches with guns and bayonets. However, it would be a mistake to conclude that the Bible Students were first taken into captivity to Babylon the Great because they needed correction and discipline. On the contrary, they understood their obligation to separate themselves from false religion, and during World War I, the break with that world empire was almost complete.—Luke 12:47, 48. w16.11 5:9
Thursday, March 22
[We] walk, not according to the flesh, but according to the spirit.—Rom. 8:4.
You may wonder why Paul would stress to anointed Christians the danger of living “according to the flesh.” And could a similar danger today threaten Christians, whom God has accepted as his friends and views as righteous? Sadly, any Christian could begin to walk according to the sinful flesh. For example, Paul wrote that some among the brothers in Rome were slaves “of their own appetites,” which could have been sexual appetite or appetite for food, drink, or other things. Some of them were ‘seducing unsuspecting ones.’ (Rom. 16:17, 18; Phil. 3:18, 19; Jude 4, 8, 12) Recall, too, that for a time, a brother in Corinth was “living with his father’s wife.” (1 Cor. 5:1) It is understandable, then, why God used Paul to warn Christians about “setting the mind on the flesh.” (Rom. 8:5, 6) That warning is equally valid now. w16.12 2:5, 8, 9
Friday, March 23
Anxiety in a man’s heart weighs it down, but a good word cheers it up.—Prov. 12:25.
Good communication, sharing your feelings with a trusted confidant, can help you cope with anxiety. A marriage mate, a close friend, or a congregation elder may be able to help you to put your anxiety into perspective. Frank and honest communication can do much to help you to understand and deal with your concerns. The Bible tells us: “Plans fail when there is no consultation, but there is accomplishment through many advisers.” (Prov. 15:22) Jehovah also helps Christians to deal with anxieties by means of weekly congregation meetings. There you can associate with fellow believers who are concerned about you and who want to encourage one another. (Heb. 10:24, 25) Such “an interchange of encouragement” will help to replenish your spiritual resources and make it easier for you to deal with any anxiety.—Rom. 1:12. w16.12 3:17, 18
Saturday, March 24
Hannah . . . began to pray to Jehovah.—1 Sam. 1:10.
When we deal with health problems or other challenges beyond our control, we should throw our anxiety on Jehovah, trusting that he cares for us. (1 Pet. 5:6, 7) Also, we should do what is within our power to benefit from Christian meetings and other spiritual provisions. (Heb. 10:24, 25) What about faithful parents whose children have gone astray? Elderly Samuel could not force his adult sons to remain loyal to the righteous standards he taught them. (1 Sam. 8:1-3) He had to leave the matter in Jehovah’s hands. Even so, Samuel could maintain his own integrity and please his heavenly Father, Jehovah. (Prov. 27:11) Today, a number of Christian parents find themselves in a similar situation. They trust that Jehovah is ever on the lookout to welcome back sinners who repent. (Luke 15:20) At the same time, such parents work hard to remain loyal to Jehovah, hoping that their example will move their children to return to the fold. w17.01 1:15, 16
Sunday, March 25
With humility consider others superior to you.—Phil. 2:3.
A humble person is generally also a modest person, able to estimate accurately his own abilities and achievements, to acknowledge his mistakes, and to accept suggestions and new ideas. Humility greatly pleases Jehovah. In the Bible, modesty similarly refers to having a proper estimate of ourselves and an awareness of our limitations. In the original language of the text, the emphasis seems to be on how that awareness should affect our behavior toward others. When might we start to think or act immodestly? Consider a few of the warning signs. We might be taking ourselves or our privileges too seriously. (Rom. 12:16) We might be drawing attention to ourselves in inappropriate ways. (1 Tim. 2:9, 10) Or we might be advocating strong opinions solely on the basis of our position, connections, or personal thinking—not even being aware that we have crossed the line from modesty to presumptuousness.—1 Cor. 4:6. w17.01 3:6-8
Monday, March 26
The glory of young men is their strength, and the splendor of old men is their gray hair.—Prov. 20:29.
In recent times, the work of Jehovah’s people has grown in scope and complexity. As we tackle new projects, new ways of doing things are adopted—often ways that involve the use of rapidly changing technology. Some older ones may find it hard to keep pace with these advances. (Luke 5:39) Even when that is not the case, younger ones may have greater strength and energy than older ones have. Thus, it is both loving and practical for older ones to prepare younger ones to take on greater responsibility. (Ps. 71:18) Those in positions of authority may not find it easy to delegate to younger ones. Some fear losing a position they cherish or are convinced that younger ones cannot do things as well. Some may reason that they do not have time to train someone else. On the other hand, those who are younger must guard against becoming impatient when they are not given more to do. w17.01 5:3, 4
Tuesday, March 27
Through one act of justification the result to men of all sorts is their being declared righteous for life.—Rom. 5:18.
Jesus became a perfect human, just as Adam had been. (John 1:14) But unlike Adam, Jesus lived up to the standard Jehovah expected from a perfect man. Even under the most extreme tests, Jesus never sinned nor broke any of God’s laws. As a perfect man, Jesus could save humankind from sin and death by dying in their behalf. He corresponded exactly to all that Adam should have been—a perfect man, absolutely loyal and obedient to God. (1 Tim. 2:6) Jesus became the ransom sacrifice that opened the way to endless life “for many”—men, women, and children. (Matt. 20:28) Indeed, the ransom is the key that unlocks the door to the fulfillment of God’s original purpose. (2 Cor. 1:19, 20) The ransom gives all faithful humans the prospect of everlasting life. w17.02 1:15, 16
Memorial Bible reading: (Daytime events: Nisan 9) John 12:12-19; Mark 11:1-11
Wednesday, March 28
For the joy that was set before him he endured.—Heb. 12:2.
Suppose that you are in the middle of a long, dark tunnel. You may wonder if you will again see light. Similarly, you may at times feel overwhelmed by the problems you face. Even Jesus could have felt that way. He was the target of “hostile speech from sinners,” humiliation, and even painful execution on “a torture stake”—surely the darkest period of his life on earth! (Heb. 12:3) Yet, Jesus endured it all. He focused on the rewards of his endurance, particularly his contribution to the sanctification of God’s name and the vindication of Jehovah’s sovereignty. The darkness of Jesus’ trials was temporary, but the brilliance of his heavenly reward would be everlasting. Today, the trials you face may be painful and even crushing. But remember that your tribulations on the road to eternal life are temporary. w16.04 2:10
Memorial Bible reading: (Daytime events: Nisan 10) John 12:20-50
Thursday, March 29
By means of him [Jesus] we have the release by ransom through the blood of that one, yes, the forgiveness of our trespasses.—Eph. 1:7.
In this permissive world, sin has all but lost its stigma, so that many are unaware of the need for redemption. They do not understand what sin is, how it affects us, and what we need to do to be delivered from slavery to sin. Honesthearted ones are relieved to learn that Jehovah, out of his great love and undeserved kindness, sent his Son to earth to ransom us from sin and its consequence, death. (1 John 4:9, 10) The ransom sacrifice of Christ is the greatest proof of God’s love for us and illustrates the richness of His undeserved kindness. What a relief it is to learn that if we exercise faith in the shed blood of Jesus, our sins will be forgiven and our conscience will be cleansed! (Heb. 9:14) Good news indeed to share with others! w16.07 4:6, 7
Memorial Bible reading: (Daytime events: Nisan 11) Luke 21:1-36
Friday, March 30
[Christ] obtained an everlasting deliverance for us.—Heb. 9:12.
The door to complete forgiveness opens to us when we exercise faith in the ransom. God’s Word assures us that our sins can be “blotted out.” (Acts 3:19-21) On the basis of the ransom, Jehovah adopts his spirit-anointed servants as his children. (Rom. 8:15-17) As to those of us who are of the “other sheep,” it is as though Jehovah has drawn up an adoption certificate with our name on it. After we have reached perfection and have passed the final test, Jehovah will be delighted to sign the certificate, as it were, and adopt us as his beloved earthly children. (Rom. 8:20, 21; Rev. 20:7-9) Jehovah’s love for his precious children is everlasting. The benefits of the ransom last forever. This gift will never lose its value. No person or power can take it away from us. w17.02 2:15, 16
Memorial Bible reading: (Daytime events: Nisan 12) Matthew 26:1-5, 14-16; Luke 22:1-6
Memorial DateAfter SundownSaturday, March 31
If anyone does commit a sin, we have a helper with the Father, Jesus Christ.—1 John 2:1.
When Jehovah drew us into a relationship with him, he was aware of what sort of imperfect tendencies would be particularly troublesome for us. And he knew that we would occasionally transgress. Yet, this did not prevent Jehovah from wanting us as his friends. Love moved God to offer us a precious gift—the ransom sacrifice of his beloved Son. (John 3:16) If on the basis of this priceless provision we repentantly seek Jehovah’s forgiveness when we err, we can have the confidence that our friendship with him is still intact even though we are in an imperfect state.—1 Tim. 1:15. w16.05 4:6, 7
Memorial Bible reading: (Daytime events: Nisan 13) Matthew 26:17-19; Mark 14:12-16; Luke 22:7-13 (Events after sunset: Nisan 14) John 13:1-5; 14:1-3 |
Good News (gh)
1976 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/gh | Chapter 14
Worshiping the Living God
1. (a) What kind of worship does God approve? (b) Why is it not safe to follow just any sect? (Matthew 15:14) (c) In what path will true worship guide you? (Philippians 4:8)
TRUE worship is upbuilding. It expresses love of God and of neighbor, and it avoids the uncleanness of the world. Jesus’ half brother James describes it this way:
“The form of worship that is clean and undefiled from the standpoint of our God and Father is this: to look after orphans and widows in their tribulation, and to keep oneself without spot from the world.” (James 1:27)
It is not a matter of your following just any sect of religion, like taking any of many paths up a mountain. Such paths may be dangerous and lead you astray, for there are now a multitude of conflicting sects, with leaders who are mistaken or who have selfish motives. To the contrary, true worship will guide you according to “the wisdom from above,” which is “first of all chaste, then peaceable, reasonable, ready to obey, full of mercy and good fruits, not making partial distinctions, not hypocritical.”—James 3:17.
2. (a) Why have some of our forefathers changed their religion? (b) So what is it wise for us to do today? (1 Thessalonians 5:20, 21)
2 Some persons justify their belonging to a certain religion, saying, ‘We and our ancestors have worshiped in this way for generations.’ But history shows that many of those ancestors were willing to change, if they thought it to be beneficial. For example, in Japan everyone followed Shinto worship until the ninth century. Then many persons were attracted to Buddhism and accepted that religion. Today most Japanese persons will tell you that they are Buddhist. That is because their ancestors did not take the attitude, ‘My parents’ religion is good enough for me.’ They were willing to listen to someone else. Now, many persons are listening to the Bible.
3. What mistaken view did Jesus correct when speaking of worship? (Isaiah 46:5-7)
3 What kind of worship does the Bible recommend? When Jesus was here on earth, most people thought that ceremony and formalism were important in worship. Some worshiped in a particular mountain, and others at the temple in Jerusalem. Jesus said of them:
“The hour is coming when neither in this mountain nor in Jerusalem will you people worship the Father. You worship what you do not know . . . The hour is coming, and it is now, when the true worshipers will worship the Father with spirit and truth, for, indeed, the Father is looking for suchlike ones to worship him. God is a Spirit, and those worshiping him must worship with spirit and truth.”—John 4:21-24.
4. What is meant by worshiping God “with spirit and truth”? (Luke 10:27)
4 What did Jesus mean by this? He meant that formalistic worship at a shrine or church, by showy rituals, is not what God wants. Jehovah God is “the Spirit.” (2 Corinthians 3:18) It is our spirited worship, expressed from appreciative hearts, that counts with him anywhere. Just as God loves us, and shows it by all the grand provisions he has made for us, so we can worship him “with spirit” by demonstrating our love for him, as well as for our neighbor. We can worship him ‘with truth’ by learning from his Word the Bible what his purpose is concerning us, and then doing that will of God. Our worshiping ‘with truth’ also requires that we firmly reject all religious falsehoods.
“GET OUT OF HER, MY PEOPLE”
5. (a) What kind of worship does the Bible show we should avoid? (Jeremiah 10:3-5) (b) How does Revelation describe the world empire of false religion, and why? (James 4:4)
5 In order for our spiritual worship to be acceptable to Jehovah, we must completely abandon all false worship. The Bible makes this very plain in a number of passages:
“My beloved ones, flee from idolatry.” “You cannot be partaking of ‘the table of Jehovah’ and the table of demons.” “Little children, guard yourselves from idols.” (1 Corinthians 10:14, 21; 1 John 5:21)
To this, the Revelation adds the powerful command: “Get out of her, my people.” Get out of whom? Out of “Babylon the Great, the mother of the harlots and of the disgusting things of the earth”—the world empire of false religion, Catholic, Protestant and non-Christian, all of which reject Bible truth! As we noted previously, her spiritual harlotry consists of giving comfort and support to worldly rulers and politicians. She has even organized her own religion-dominated political parties. Along with her “daughter” sectarian religions she has built up a record of supporting dictators and other political rulers in their wars and programs of violence or oppression. She has looked pretty outwardly, in her professing to make politics “clean,” in giving the rulers a veneer of holiness and in blessing their weapons of war. But heaven tells us urgently: ‘Stand clear of her!’ For the political powers—her former “lovers”—are about to destroy her!—Revelation 17:3-5, 16; 18:4.
6. Can you name some common religious practices that stem from ancient Babylon?
6 So, we need to separate from all false religious schemes, teachings and practices. What are some of these practices? The British cardinal Newman describes a number of them in his Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine, published in 1878:
“The use of temples, and these dedicated to particular saints, and ornamented on occasions with branches of trees; incense, lamps, and candles; votive offerings on recovery from illness; holy water; asylums; holydays and seasons, use of [religious] calendars, processions, blessings on the fields; sacerdotal vestments, the tonsure, . . . images at a later date, perhaps the ecclesiastical chant.”
In his essay, the cardinal speaks of the Catholic Church’s ‘sanctifying’ these practices by adopting them from the non-Christian religions, even though, in his words, these are “the very instruments and appendages of demon-worship.”
7. (a) What religious festivals does God not approve? (b) Is Christmas celebrated on Jesus’ birth date? (c) According to the Encyclopedia Americana, where did Christmas customs originate? (d) What view do true worshipers take toward Christmas, and why? (2 Corinthians 6:17) (e) What one event did Christ command his followers to observe? (Luke 22:19, 20)
7 However, such practices are not approved by the God of truth. Nor does he approve of festivals based on Babylonish religion. As an example, there is the annual festival of Christmas that pretends to celebrate the birth of Jesus, though it has origins in ancient Babylon. The Bible indicates that Jesus was actually born about October 1, 2 B.C.E. But the celebration of Christmas, on December 25, started only in the fifth century C.E., when apostate Christendom attached the name “Christ” to the boisterous year-end orgies of the nations. Says the Encyclopedia Americana, 1959 edition, Volume 6, page 622:
“Most of the customs now associated with Christmas were not originally Christmas customs but rather were pre-Christian and non-Christian customs taken up by the Christian church. Saturnalia, a Roman feast celebrated in mid-December, provided the model for many of the merry-making customs of Christmas. From this celebration, for example, were derived the elaborate feasting, the giving of gifts, and the burning of candles.”
In some parts of the earth, non-Christian Buddhists, Jews and others celebrate “Christmas” with as much zest as Catholics and Protestants. It is often tied in with commercialism and greed. It is not Christian. Nowhere does the Bible support the celebration of the birthday of Jesus or of anyone else, but what Jesus did command was that his followers annually observe his death as a “remembrance.” This was because his death was essential for the salvation of the human race.—1 Corinthians 11:23-26.
8. Why is it urgent that we separate from false religion? (Jeremiah 51:6)
8 The living God of truth does not approve the idolatrous practices and political “courtships” of the world empire of false religion. Truly, these identify her as “Babylon the Great,” concerning which Revelation 18:21 tells us:
“And a strong angel lifted up a stone like a great millstone and hurled it into the sea, saying: ‘Thus with a swift pitch will Babylon the great city be hurled down.’”
If we are to avoid ‘sharing with her in her sins,’ and in her destruction, it is urgent that we separate ourselves completely from false religion!—Revelation 18:2-4.
WORSHIP THAT GOD APPROVES
9. Why should true worshipers congregate together? (Ephesians 4:15, 16)
9 The apostle Paul describes what true worshipers of God should be doing today, in these words:
“Let us hold fast the public declaration of our hope without wavering, for he is faithful that promised. And let us consider one another to incite to love and fine works, not forsaking the gathering of ourselves together, as some have the custom, but encouraging one another, and all the more so as you behold the day drawing near.” (Hebrews 10:23-25)
So, as the day fast approaches for God to destroy Babylon the Great and all other unrighteous systems, and to restore on this earth a glorious paradise, those who love Him congregate together, in order to learn God’s Word and encourage one another.
10. How is our personality involved in true worship? (Colossians 3:9, 10, 12-14)
10 However, true worship involves much more than assembling with others who love God. In order to be acceptable to God, we must turn away, not only from false religion, but also from the corrupt way of life of the world. The apostle Paul counsels us to put away “the old personality,” with its loose conduct, uncleanness and greediness. Also, he says:
“You should be made new in the force actuating your mind, and should put on the new personality which was created according to God’s will in true righteousness and loyalty.” (Ephesians 4:19-24)
Our way of life should therefore be morally clean and spiritually upbuilding to those around us. In loyalty to God, we should accept him as Sovereign in our lives.
11. What other pattern of true worship did Jesus supply? (Luke 8:1)
11 Jesus himself set the pattern for true worship in another important way. Shortly after he had been tempted by the Devil, he took up the work described at Matthew 4:17:
“From that time on Jesus commenced preaching and saying: ‘Repent, you people, for the kingdom of the heavens has drawn near.’”
Some three years later, at his trial before Pilate, Jesus confirmed that his witnessing to the truth concerning God’s kingdom had been a key part of his worship while on earth. He said:
“For this I have come into the world, that I should bear witness to the truth. Everyone that is on the side of the truth listens to my voice.” (John 18:37)
Have you listened to his voice? Then you, too, may enjoy the privilege of witnessing to the truth of God’s kingdom as Jesus did.
12. What model for prayer did Jesus leave us? (John 14:13, 14; 15:16)
12 Another important part of true worship is prayer, which should be offered to Jehovah through the name of Jesus, whose atoning sacrifice opened the way for us to approach God. The Bible condemns formalistic, repetitious prayer. Jesus himself said:
“When praying, do not say the same things over and over again, just as the people of the nations do, for they imagine they will get a hearing for their use of many words. So, do not make yourselves like them, for God your Father knows what things you are needing before ever you ask him. You must pray, then, this way.”
Jesus then provided a model prayer, not to be repeated as a ritual with the use of a rosary or image, but to serve as a guideline for us. He said that first we could properly pray for the name of our heavenly Father, Jehovah, to be sanctified, for his kingdom to come and for his will to be done here on earth as in heaven. In the second place, we could pray for God to supply our daily needs, to forgive our sinful shortcomings, and to help us to keep integrity in spite of “the wicked one,” Satan. (Matthew 6:5-13) All prayers, whether uttered privately, in our family or in an assembled congregation, should be expressed, not as a sanctimonious recitation, but sincerely from the heart. Our prayers must be completely free of the superstitious practices of Babylonian religion. ‘But are superstitions harmful?’ you may ask. Let us see.
[Picture on page 125]
Not temples and shrines, but spirited worship is what counts with God
[Picture on page 128]
Christmas is not Christian
[Picture on page 131]
Worshipers of Jehovah assemble to study God’s Word and share good news with their neighbors |
“Kanku” Airport—Seen but Not Heard | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101996006 | “Kanku” Airport—Seen but Not Heard
BY AWAKE! CORRESPONDENT IN JAPAN
APPROACHING the Kansai International Airport from the air, you will see an island with a logo “Kansai” in English.a This Japanese island lies some three miles [5 km] off the coast in Osaka Bay. Nothing but the airport and related facilities can be seen. In fact, the island has been tailor-made for use as an airport. Opened in September 1994, the airport is nicknamed Kanku, an abbreviation of its Japanese name, Kansai Kokusai Kuko.
An expressway bridge, 2.3 miles [3.75 km] in length, connects the airport island with the mainland, making it accessible by road and rail. The island is equipped with port facilities for ships and ferry services. But why build a whole new island for an airport?
An Airport Not Heard
A growing number of tourists and visitors to the Kansai area caused the number of airplanes booming over the residential area around the Osaka International Airport to increase. To relieve people living there of the noise nuisance, a curfew from 9:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. was imposed. No permission has been given to add more international flights since 1974. Thus, an airport to handle the increased passengers and freight without being heard on the mainland became an urgent need.
An airport that could be used around the clock without causing nuisance—that was a big challenge for those who were involved in the project. The only solution that presented itself was to build an island far away from where people live and make it an airport. A mammoth project indeed!
National and local governments together with the local business world financed the $15-billion project, setting up a private company to build and operate the new airport. Mr. Keisuke Kimura, the executive vice president of the Kansai International Airport Company, told Awake!: “Being a private company, we could not afford to spend a lot of time in creating the island. The work had to be done quickly.”
“Creating the Island”
Reclaiming land along the coast is one thing, but creating an island three miles [5 km] off the coast is another. In order to create the 1,260-acre [511 ha] airport island, 6.4 billion cubic feet [180,000,000 cu m] of sand and soil was used as landfill. “That is the equivalent of 73 pyramids—I mean the biggest one made by King Khufu,” explains Mr. Kimura.
On the seabed, at an average depth of 60 feet [18 m], lay a soft clay layer from which water had to be drained. “One million sand piles, 40 centimeters [16 inches] in diameter, were driven into that layer to drain water from it and consolidate the foundation. With the weight of the landfill, water was squeezed from the 20-meter [66 feet] soft layer of soil, shrinking it to 14 meters [46 feet],” explains Mr. Kenichiro Minami, who was in charge of the landfill project. “What we feared most was an unequal settling of the subsoil. We used computers to calculate exactly where the landfill should be made so that the settling would be even.”
Altogether, the depth of the landfill reached 110 feet [33 m], the equivalent of a 10-story building. However, under the weight of the landfill, the seabed has sunk and continues to sink. It is calculated that the seabed will sink a further five feet [1.5 m] in 50 years, leaving the island ten feet [4 m] above sea level.
In 1991, even before the entire island had been created, work on the passenger terminal building and control tower was started. After more than seven years of rigorous work, construction of the island, airport, and related facilities was completed.
Huge but Compact
Arriving passengers are in for a pleasant surprise. “By the time we got to the baggage claim area, our suitcases were there,” says a traveler from the United States. What accounts for the smooth flow? “The passenger terminal building is huge but compact,” says Mr. Kazuhito Arao, who is in charge of the passenger terminal building. “Passengers don’t have to go through a maze, typical of international airports.”
The structure of the passenger terminal building is simple but unique. The main building is designed to save passengers unnecessary movement. Domestic passengers can proceed from the train station straight to their check-in counter and then on to the boarding gate without going up or down any stairs.
From the main building, where check-in counters, immigration offices, and customs are located, two 2,300-foot [700 m] wing buildings extend north and south, leading to 33 boarding gates. Passengers using gates away from the main building can take the automated guideway transit system, called the Wing Shuttle. It takes passengers to the desired gate within five minutes—including the time spent waiting for the shuttle.
Airport to Be Seen
“Being an airport totally on the sea, it is clear of any obstacles,” says Mr. Arao. “Yes, we hear that pilots are saying it is an easy airport to land on,” agrees Mr. Kimura.
Others also appreciate how it looks. The sophisticated design of the terminal building in the shape of airplane wings has attracted many tourists to the Kanku. They also enjoy watching airplanes taking off and landing on the unusual island airport. “We had to build an observation deck on top of the maintenance center for the tourists to the airport, although we did not intend to do so at first,” says Mr. Kimura. An average of 30,000 people a day visit the airport just to look around.
If you visit Japan near the Kansai area, why not fly in or out of the Kanku—an airport that can be seen but not heard by its neighbors.
[Footnote]
a Kansai is the general area in western Japan that includes the commercial cities of Osaka and Kobe and the historical cities of Kyoto and Nara. Kokusai kuko means “international airport.”
[Picture Credit Line on page 25]
Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd. |
“Be My Follower” | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101971017 | “Be My Follower”
How many people responded to this invitation of Christ Jesus in 1970? You can find the answer in the “1971 Yearbook of Jehovah’s Witnesses.” Read the fascinating experiences that Jehovah’s witnesses had in personally extending Jesus’ invitation to people around the earth. Send for your copy. Only 50c. Available in English, French, German and Spanish.
Please send me the 1971 Yearbook of Jehovah’s Witnesses in ‐‐‐‐‐‐ (indicate language), for which I am enclosing 50c. |
Live Forever (pe)
1989 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/pe | Chapter 2
An Enemy of Everlasting Life
1. Since happiness and peace are not often enjoyed, what questions arise?
HAPPINESS on earth—nearly everyone wants it. Then why are so many unhappy? What is wrong? Since almost everybody wants peace, why do nations go to war and why do people hate one another? Is there some guiding force that moves them to do these bad things? Could it be that a common invisible power controls the nations?
2. What crimes in history cause many to wonder whether an evil, unseen power may be controlling humans?
2 Many have wondered about this when they have considered the terrible cruelty of mankind—the fearful gases used in warfare to choke and burn persons to death, as well as the napalm bombs and the atomic bombs. Also, consider the flamethrower, the concentration camps, the mass murder of millions of helpless people, such as in Cambodia in recent years. Do you think that all these evils simply happened by chance? While man is capable on his own of committing terrible deeds, when you consider the gross wickedness of his acts, does it not seem that he has been influenced by an evil, invisible power?
3. What does the Bible say about the rulership of the world?
3 There is no need to guess at the matter. The Bible clearly shows that an intelligent unseen person has been controlling both men and nations. In the Bible, Jesus Christ calls this powerful one “the ruler of this world.” (John 12:31; 14:30; 16:11) Who is he?
4. What did the Devil show Jesus, and what offer did he make to him?
4 To help us to find out who he is, think about what happened at the beginning of Jesus’ ministry here on earth. The Bible tells us that after Jesus was baptized he went into the wilderness where he was tempted by an unseen creature called Satan the Devil. Part of that tempting is described this way: “Again the Devil took him along to an unusually high mountain, and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their glory, and he said to him: ‘All these things I will give you if you fall down and do an act of worship to me.’”—Matthew 4:8, 9.
5. (a) What shows whether all world governments are the Devil’s property? (b) According to the Bible, who is “the god of this system of things”?
5 Think about what the Devil offered Jesus Christ. It was “all the kingdoms of the world.” Did all these worldly governments really belong to the Devil? Yes, for how else could he have offered them to Jesus? Jesus did not deny that they were Satan’s, which he would have done if Satan did not own them. Satan is really the unseen ruler of all the nations of the world! The Bible plainly says: “The whole world is lying in the power of the wicked one.” (1 John 5:19) God’s Word, in fact, calls Satan “the god of this system of things.”—2 Corinthians 4:4.
6. (a) What does this information about Satan’s rulership help us to understand? (b) What would Satan like to do to us, so what must we do?
6 This information helps us to understand why Jesus said: “My kingdom is no part of this world.” (John 18:36) It also helps us to understand why nations hate and try to destroy one another when it is the desire of all normal persons to live at peace. Yes, “Satan . . . is misleading the entire inhabited earth.” (Revelation 12:9) He would like to mislead us too. He does not want us to receive God’s gift of everlasting life. So we have to fight to keep from being influenced by him to do what is bad. (Ephesians 6:12) We need to know about Satan and how he works in order to resist his efforts to mislead us.
WHO THE DEVIL IS
7. Why can we not see the Devil?
7 Satan the Devil is a real person. He is not merely the evil in all mankind, as some persons may believe. Of course, humans cannot see the Devil, for the same reason that they cannot see God. Both God and the Devil are spirit persons, forms of life higher than humans and unseen to our eyes.—John 4:24.
8. Why do many persons believe that God created the Devil?
8 ‘But if God is love,’ someone may ask, ‘why did he make the Devil?’ (1 John 4:8) The fact is, God did not create the Devil. ‘Yet if God created everyone,’ a person may say, ‘he must have created the Devil. Who else could have? Where did the Devil come from?’
9. (a) What kind of persons are the angels? (b) What do the words “devil” and “satan” mean?
9 The Bible explains that God created many, many spirit persons similar to himself. In the Bible, these spirits are called angels. Also, they are called “sons of God.” (Job 38:7; Psalm 104:4; Hebrews 1:7, 13, 14) God created them all perfect. Not one of them was a devil, or a satan. The word “devil” means slanderer and the word “satan” means opposer.
10. (a) Who made Satan the Devil? (b) How might a good person make himself a criminal?
10 The time came, however, when one of these spirit sons of God made himself the Devil, that is, a hateful liar who speaks bad things about another. He also made himself Satan, that is, an opposer of God. He was not created that way, but later became that kind of person. To illustrate: A thief is not born a thief. He may have come from a good family, having honest parents and law-abiding brothers and sisters. But his own desire for what money can buy is what may have caused him to become a thief. How, then, did one of God’s spirit sons make himself Satan the Devil?
11. (a) What purpose of God did a rebellious angel know about? (b) What desire did this angel have, and what did it lead him to do?
11 The angel that became the Devil was present when God created the earth and later the first human couple, Adam and Eve. (Job 38:4, 7) So he would have heard God tell them to have children. (Genesis 1:27, 28) He knew that after a while the whole earth would be filled with righteous people worshiping God. That was God’s purpose. However, this angel thought a great deal of his own beauty and intelligence and wanted to receive for himself the worship that would be given to God. (Ezekiel 28:13-15; Matthew 4:10) Instead of putting this wrong desire out of his mind, he kept thinking about it. This led to his taking action to obtain the honor and importance he desired. What did he do?—James 1:14, 15.
12. (a) How did this angel speak to Eve, and what did he tell her? (b) How did this angel become Satan the Devil? (c) What is a wrong view regarding the appearance of the Devil?
12 The rebellious angel used a lowly serpent to speak to the first woman, Eve. He did this much as a skilled person can make it seem as if a nearby animal or a dummy figure is talking. But it was really this rebellious angel, the one called in the Bible “the original serpent,” who was speaking to Eve. (Revelation 12:9) He said that God was not telling her the truth, and was holding back from her knowledge that she should have. (Genesis 3:1-5) This was a hateful lie and it made him a devil. He thus became also an opposer of God, or a Satan. As you can see, it is wrong to think of the Devil as a creature with horns and a pitchfork who oversees some underground place of torment. He is really a very powerful, but wicked, angel.
SOURCE OF WORLD TROUBLES
13. (a) How did Eve respond to the Devil’s lie? (b) What claims did the Devil make?
13 The lie the Devil told Eve worked just as he planned. She believed it and so disobeyed God. And she was able to get her husband to break God’s law also. (Genesis 3:6) The Devil’s claim was that humans can get along without God. He argued that people can rule themselves successfully, without God’s help. The Devil also claimed that he could turn away from God all those who would be the offspring of Adam and Eve.
14. Why did God not destroy Satan right away?
14 Of course, God could have destroyed Satan right away. But that would not have answered the questions that Satan had raised, questions that could stay in the minds of the angels who were watching. So God allowed time for Satan to try to prove his claims. With what results?
15, 16. (a) What has the passing of time proved with regard to the Devil’s claims? (b) What event is near at hand?
15 The passage of time has proved that humans cannot rule themselves successfully without God’s help. Their attempts have failed completely. The people have suffered terribly under the governments of men, which, as the Scriptures show, have been controlled from behind the scenes by the Devil. Also, God’s allowing time has clearly shown that Satan has not been able to turn all persons away from worshiping God. There have always been some who have remained faithful to God’s rulership. You can read in the Bible, for example, that Satan tried, without success, to stop Job from serving God.—Job 1:6-12.
16 Thus the claims of the Devil have been proved false. He most certainly deserves destruction for having started a wicked rebellion against God. Happily, we have now reached the time for God to bring Satan’s rule to an end. Describing the first step in doing this, the Bible tells of an important battle in heaven, which, of course, was not seen or heard by people on earth. Read carefully the following Bible account:
17. (a) How does the Bible describe the war in heaven? (b) What was its result to those in heaven, and to those on earth?
17 “War broke out in heaven: Michael [who is the resurrected Jesus Christ] and his angels battled with the dragon, and the dragon and its angels battled but it did not prevail, neither was a place found for them any longer in heaven. So down the great dragon was hurled, the original serpent, the one called Devil and Satan, who is misleading the entire inhabited earth; he was hurled down to the earth, and his angels were hurled down with him. ‘On this account be glad, you heavens and you who reside in them! Woe for the earth and for the sea, because the Devil has come down to you, having great anger, knowing he has a short period of time.’”—Revelation 12:7-9, 12.
18. (a) When did the war in heaven take place? (b) What has been occurring on earth since Satan was “hurled down”?
18 When did this war in heaven take place? The evidence shows that it happened around the time of World War I, which began in 1914. As the Revelation points out, Satan was removed from the heavens at that time, which means we have been living in his “short period of time” since then. Thus, these are the “last days” of Satan’s world. The increasing of lawlessness, the fear, the wars, the food shortages, the diseases and other distressing conditions we have been experiencing are proof of this fact.—Matthew 24:3-12; Luke 21:26; 2 Timothy 3:1-5.
19. (a) What is Satan now trying hard to do? (b) What would it be wise for us to do?
19 Since Satan knows his “short period of time” is about up, he is trying harder than ever before to keep persons from serving God. He wants to take as many persons as he can down into destruction with him. With good reason the Bible describes him as a roaring lion that is looking for someone to eat. (1 Peter 5:8, 9) If we do not want to be caught by him, we need to learn how he attacks and also the ways in which he misleads people.—2 Corinthians 2:11.
HOW SATAN MISLEADS PEOPLE
20. (a) How successful has Satan’s attack been? (b) Why could we expect that often his schemes would appear innocent, even beneficial?
20 Do not think that Satan’s methods of getting people to follow him are always easy to see. He is a master at fooling people. His methods over the thousands of years have, in fact, been so clever that today many people do not even believe that he exists. To them wickedness and evil are simply normal conditions that will always be. Satan operates much like modern-day crime leaders who put on the front of being respectable, but who, behind the scenes, do very wicked things. The Bible explains: “Satan himself keeps transforming himself into an angel of light.” (2 Corinthians 11:14) Thus we can expect that his schemes for misleading people would often appear innocent, even beneficial.
21. What is one scheme that Satan has used?
21 Recall that Satan posed as a friend to Eve. Then he tricked her into doing what she thought would be for her own good. (Genesis 3:4-6) It is the same today. For example, through his human representatives Satan cunningly encourages people to put the interests of human governments even above their service to God. This has given birth to the spirit of nationalism, resulting in terrible wars. In recent times Satan has moved people to bring forth various schemes in their search for peace and security. One of these is the United Nations. But has this created a peaceful world? Far from it! Rather, it has proved to be a means of turning the people’s attention away from God’s arrangement for bringing peace to mankind, his incoming kingdom under Jesus Christ, the “Prince of Peace.”—Isaiah 9:6; Matthew 6:9, 10.
22. What knowledge does Satan not want us to have?
22 If we are to receive everlasting life, we need accurate knowledge about God, his King-Son and his kingdom. (John 17:3) You can be sure that Satan the Devil does not want you to have this knowledge, and that he will do all in his power to stop you from getting it. How will he do this? One way is by seeing to it that you receive opposition, perhaps in the form of ridicule. The Bible tells us: “All those desiring to live with godly devotion in association with Christ Jesus will also be persecuted.”—2 Timothy 3:12.
23. (a) How might Satan even use friends and relatives to discourage us? (b) Why should you never give in to opposition?
23 It may be that even close friends or relatives will tell you that they do not like your examining the Scriptures. Jesus Christ himself even warned: “Indeed, a man’s enemies will be persons of his own household. He that has greater affection for father or mother than for me is not worthy of me; and he that has greater affection for son or daughter than for me is not worthy of me.” (Matthew 10:36, 37) Relatives may try to discourage you, doing so in all sincerity because they do not know the wonderful truths found in the Bible. But if you give up a study of God’s Word when opposition comes, how will God view you? Also, if you give up, how will those friends and loved ones be helped by you to understand that accurate knowledge of the Bible is of life-or-death importance? Your staying with the things you learn from God’s Word may in time influence them likewise to learn the truth.
24. (a) What other ways does the Devil use to keep people from taking in life-giving knowledge? (b) How important do you feel it is to study God’s Word?
24 On the other hand, Satan may be responsible for tempting you to share in some immoral activity, which is displeasing to God. (1 Corinthians 6:9-11) Or it may be that he will cause you to feel that you are too busy to study the Bible. But when you think about it, could there ever be anything more important than obtaining this kind of knowledge? Do not allow anything to stop you from gaining this knowledge that can lead to your receiving everlasting life in paradise on earth!
25. If we continue to oppose the Devil, what will he not be able to do to us?
25 The Bible urges: “Oppose the Devil.” If you do this, “he will flee from you.” (James 4:7) Does this mean that if you resist Satan’s attack he will give up and no longer cause you trouble? No, he will try over and over again to get you to do what he wants. But if you keep on opposing him, he will never be able to get you to take a course in opposition to God. So, be diligent to get the all-important knowledge of the Bible and practice what you learn. This is vital in order to prevent you from being deceived by another of Satan’s means for misleading people, false religion.
[Picture on page 16, 17]
Could Satan have offered Christ all these world governments if they were not his?
[Picture on page 19]
This thief was not born a thief, just as the Devil was not created a “devil”
[Picture on page 20, 21]
War in heaven ended with Satan and the demons being hurled down to earth. You are now feeling the effects
[Picture on page 24]
There may be opposition to your continued study of the Bible |
Learn From the Bible (lfb)
2017 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/lfb | Introduction to Section 5
Two months after passing through the Red Sea, the Israelites came to Mount Sinai. There, Jehovah made a covenant with Israel to be his special nation. He protected them and provided everything they needed—manna to eat, clothing that did not wear out, and a safe place to live. If you are a parent, help your child to understand why Jehovah gave the Israelites the Law, the tabernacle, and the priesthood. Emphasize the importance of keeping our word, remaining humble, and always being loyal to Jehovah.
KEY LESSONS
When you make a promise to Jehovah, be sure to keep it
Pride, selfishness, and rebellion lead to disaster
Jehovah was patient with the Israelites and took care of them even when they were unfaithful |
Examining the Scriptures—2018
2017 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/library/r1/lp-e/all-publications/brochures-and-booklets/examining-the-scriptures/examining-the-scriptures-2018 | How to Use This Booklet
On the following pages, you will find a scripture for each day and comments on that text. Although the text and comments may be read at any time, many find it advantageous to consider them in the morning. Then they can reflect on such thoughts throughout the day. Discussing the text as a family is most beneficial. Bethel families around the world do so at breakfast time.
The comments are taken from the Watchtower (w) issues of April 2016 through March 2017. Figures following the date of the Watchtower issue refer to the number, in order, of each study article (1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) that appears in that issue. This is followed by the paragraphs where the material is found. (See illustration below.) Additional information on the subject matter can be found in the article itself. To find where each article starts, see the second page of that issue of The Watchtower. |
Revelation Climax (re)
1988 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/re | Chapter 3
Things That Must Shortly Take Place
1. How can you escape God’s execution of judgment upon this world?
YOU should be deeply concerned about world events today. Why so? Because this world cannot escape God’s execution of judgment. But you can escape. You can do this by making yourself “no part of the world” that is doomed to destruction. This does not mean adopting an austere, monastic way of life. It means that while enjoying a wholesome, meaningful life, you separate yourself from political corruption, from greedy commercialism, and from God-dishonoring religion, as well as from violent and immoral behavior. At the same time, you must follow God’s high standards of conduct and seek to do his will. (John 17:14-16; Zephaniah 2:2, 3; Revelation 21:8) The Bible book of Revelation shows how important it is for you to apply yourself in these respects, making changes as necessary in your way of life.
2. How does the apostle John introduce the grand prophecy of Revelation, and to whom did God give this weighty message?
2 The apostle John introduces this grand prophecy with the words: “A revelation by Jesus Christ, which God gave him, to show his slaves the things that must shortly take place.” (Revelation 1:1a) So it was the resurrected Jesus Christ who received this weighty message from God. Far from being part of a mystic Trinity, Jesus is here shown to be subject to his Father. In the same way, the “slaves” making up the Christian congregation are subject to Jesus Christ, so that they ‘keep following him wherever he goes.’ (Revelation 14:4; Ephesians 5:24) But who today are truly “slaves” of God, and how does Revelation benefit them?
3. (a) Who are the “slaves” that are subject to Jesus Christ? (b) What work are the faithful “slaves” doing under angelic direction?
3 The apostle John, who wrote down Revelation, describes himself as such a slave. He was the last surviving apostle and one of the select spirit-anointed group of “slaves” that inherit immortal life in the heavens. Today, there are just a few thousand of these remaining on earth. God has other servants, too, a great crowd of them, men, women, and children, numbering now into the millions. Under angelic direction, these are sharing with the anointed “slaves” in declaring everlasting good news to all mankind. Oh, how all these “slaves” are expending themselves in order to help the meek ones of the earth to find salvation! (Matthew 24:14; Revelation 7:9, 14; 14:6) Revelation indicates what you must do to benefit from the happifying good news.
4. (a) Since it is more than 1,900 years ago that John wrote Revelation, how could he speak of “things that must shortly take place”? (b) What does the evidence now indicate about the things foretold?
4 How could John say, though, that these “slaves” would be shown “things that must shortly take place”? Were not those words spoken more than 1,900 years ago? From the viewpoint of Jehovah, in whose eyes a thousand years are but “as yesterday,” 1,900 years is a short time when compared with the aeons of time that he spent in creating and preparing the earth for human habitation. (Psalm 90:4) The apostle Paul wrote of his own “eager expectation and hope,” for no doubt the reality of his reward seemed close at hand to him. (Philippians 1:20) Today, however, the evidence abounds that all the things foretold will take place on schedule. Never before in history has the very survival of mankind been at stake. Only God has the solution!—Isaiah 45:21.
Channel of Communication
5. How was Revelation communicated to the apostle John and then to the congregations?
5 Revelation 1:1b, 2 continues: “And he [Jesus] sent forth his angel and presented it [Revelation] in signs through him to his slave John, who bore witness to the word God gave and to the witness Jesus Christ gave, even to all the things he saw.” Thus, John received the inspired record through an angelic messenger. He wrote it in a scroll, transmitting it to the congregations of his time. Happily for us, God has preserved it for the encouragement of the almost 100,000 congregations of his united servants on earth today.
6. How did Jesus identify the channel that he would use to provide spiritual food for his ‘slaves’ today?
6 God had a channel for communicating Revelation in John’s day, and John was the earthly part of that channel. Likewise, God has a channel for giving spiritual nourishment to his ‘slaves’ today. In his great prophecy concerning the conclusion of the system of things, Jesus identified the earthly part of this channel as “the faithful and discreet slave whom his master appointed over his domestics, to give them their food at the proper time.” (Matthew 24:3, 45-47) He uses this John class in unlocking the meaning of the prophecy.
7. (a) How should the signs found in Revelation affect us? (b) For how long have some of the John class shared in the fulfillment of the visions of Revelation?
7 The apostle John writes that Jesus presented Revelation “in signs,” or symbols. These are vivid and thrilling to examine. They depict dynamic activity and should, in turn, stir us to zealous efforts in making known to others the prophecy and its meaning. Revelation presents for us a number of electrifying visions, in each of which John participated either actively or as an observer. Those of the John class, some of whom have shared for many decades in the fulfillment of these visions, are happy that God’s spirit has unlocked the meaning so that they can explain it to others.
8. (a) What is distinct about each of the visions of Revelation? (b) How does Daniel’s prophecy help us to understand the identity of the beasts of Revelation?
8 These visions in Revelation are not presented in chronological order. Each has its own time period of fulfillment. Many of the visions echo words of earlier prophecies that provide clues as to their interpretation. For example, Daniel’s prophecy described four fearsome beasts, explaining that these portrayed ruling powers on earth. Hence, we are helped to understand that the beasts of Revelation represent political entities, including those now existing.—Daniel 7:1-8, 17; Revelation 13:2, 11-13; 17:3.
9. (a) Like John, what attitude has the John class shown? (b) How does John show the way for us to become happy?
9 John was faithful in bearing witness to the message that God through Jesus Christ gave to him. He described in detail “all the things he saw.” The John class has earnestly sought guidance from God and Jesus Christ in order to understand the prophecy fully and make known its fine points to God’s people. For the benefit of the anointed congregation (and also of the international great crowd that God will preserve alive through the great tribulation), John writes: “Happy is he who reads aloud and those who hear the words of this prophecy, and who observe the things written in it; for the appointed time is near.”—Revelation 1:3.
10. What must we do with regard to Revelation to attain to happiness?
10 You will benefit greatly by reading Revelation and even more so by observing the things written in it. John explained in one of his letters: “This is what the love of God means, that we observe his commandments; and yet his commandments are not burdensome, because everything that has been born from God conquers the world. And this is the conquest that has conquered the world, our faith.” (1 John 5:3, 4) You can become supremely happy by building such a faith!
11. (a) Why is it urgent that we observe the words of the prophecy? (b) What time must now be perilously close?
11 It is urgent that we observe the words of the prophecy, “for the appointed time is near.” The appointed time for what? For the fulfillment of the prophecies of Revelation, including God’s judgments. The time is near for God and Jesus Christ to execute final judgment on Satan’s world system. When Jesus was here on earth, he stated that only his Father knew “that day or the hour.” Looking ahead to the troubles that have multiplied on earth in our day, Jesus also said: “This generation will by no means pass away until all these things happen.” So the appointed time for executing God’s decision must be drawing perilously close. (Mark 13:8, 30-32) As Habakkuk 2:3 states: “The vision is yet for the appointed time, and it keeps panting on to the end, and it will not tell a lie. Even if it should delay, keep in expectation of it; for it will without fail come true. It will not be late.” Our salvation through the great tribulation depends on our observing God’s prophetic Word.—Matthew 24:20-22.
[Box on page 15]
To understand the book of Revelation we need
● To receive the help of Jehovah’s spirit
● To discern when the Lord’s day began
● To recognize the faithful and discreet slave today |
Sing Praises (ssb)
1984 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/Ssb | Song 104
A Song to the Most High
(Psalm 47:2)
1. Let’s sing to Jehovah a song;
To him praise and thanks do belong.
With a glad cry to the Most High,
We proclaim that he’s mighty and strong.
(Chorus)
2. Rejoice with the sound of the horn:
The Kingdom of God has been born.
Our behavior t’ward the Savior,
May it ever his teaching adorn.
(Chorus)
3. We live in the time of the end;
True worship we all must defend.
God is glorious and victorious;
Hence our praises to him now ascend.
(CHORUS)
Jehovah God is reigning,
Grand victories attaining.
By his dear Son, the Worthy One,
The Kingdom has begun. |
What Is Heaven? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/502016186 | What Is Heaven?
The Bible’s answer
The word “heaven” is used in three basic senses in the Bible: (1) the physical heavens; (2) the spirit realm; and (3) a symbol of a high or exalted position. In each case, the context helps determine the correct understanding.a
The physical heavens. In this sense, “the heavens” refers to earth’s atmosphere, where the winds blow, the birds fly, the clouds produce rain and snow, and the lightning flashes. (Psalm 78:26; Proverbs 30:19; Isaiah 55:10; Luke 17:24) It can also mean outer space, the location of “the sun and the moon and the stars.”—Deuteronomy 4:19; Genesis 1:1.
The spirit realm. The term “heaven” also refers to the spiritual heavens, or spirit realm, a level of existence higher than and outside of the physical universe. (1 Kings 8:27; John 6:38) These spiritual heavens are occupied by Jehovah God, who is “a Spirit,” as well as by the angelic spirit beings whom he created. (John 4:24; Matthew 24:36) At times, “the heavens” are personified to represent the faithful angels, “the congregation of the holy ones.”—Psalm 89:5-7.
The Bible also uses “heavens” to refer specifically to the portion of the spirit realm where Jehovah actually resides, his “dwelling place.” (1 Kings 8:43, 49; Hebrews 9:24; Revelation 13:6) For example, the Bible foretold that Satan and the demons would be thrown out of heaven, no longer being allowed to enter Jehovah’s presence. However, they would remain in the spirit realm.—Revelation 12:7-9, 12.
A symbol of a high or exalted position. The Scriptures use “heaven” to represent an elevated position, usually in connection with ruling authority. Such a position could be occupied by:
Jehovah God himself as the almighty Sovereign.—2 Chronicles 32:20; Luke 15:21.
God’s Kingdom, the government that will replace human rule. The Bible refers to that Kingdom as the “new heavens.”—Isaiah 65:17; 66:22; 2 Peter 3:13.b
Christians who, while on earth, have the hope of going to heaven.—Ephesians 2:6.
Human governments that have exalted themselves over their subjects.—Isaiah 14:12-14; Daniel 4:20-22; 2 Peter 3:7.
Wicked spirits who now rule over the world.—Ephesians 6:12; 1 John 5:19.
What is heaven like?
The spirit realm is a hive of activity. It is occupied by hundreds of millions of spirit creatures “who carry out [Jehovah’s] word.”—Psalm 103:20, 21; Daniel 7:10.
The Bible describes heaven as being brilliantly lighted. (1 Timothy 6:15, 16) The prophet Ezekiel received a heavenly vision marked by “brilliant light,” while the vision of heaven that Daniel saw included “a stream of fire.” (Ezekiel 1:26-28; Daniel 7:9, 10) Heaven is holy, or clean, and beautiful.—Psalm 96:6; Isaiah 63:15; Revelation 4:2, 3.
The overall impression that the Bible gives of heaven is awe-inspiring. (Ezekiel 43:2, 3) Nevertheless, it is not possible for humans to comprehend heaven fully, since the spirit realm is beyond our senses.
a The Hebrew word translated “heaven” apparently comes from a root word that means “high,” or “lofty.” (Proverbs 25:3) See The New Brown, Driver, and Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, page 1029.
b McClintock and Strong’s Cyclopedia states that the new heavens of Isaiah 65:17 signify “a new government, new kingdom.”—Volume IV, page 122. |
Daniel’s Prophecy (dp)
1999 | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/publication/r1/lp-e/dp | Chapter Ten
Who Can Stand Against the Prince of Princes?
1, 2. Why is the vision that Daniel had in the third year of Belshazzar’s reign of importance to us?
FIFTY-SEVEN years have passed since the destruction of Jehovah’s temple in Jerusalem. Belshazzar and his father, Nabonidus, jointly rule the Babylonian Empire, the third world power of Bible prophecy.a God’s prophet Daniel is exiled in Babylon. And during “the third year of the kingship of Belshazzar the king,” Jehovah sends Daniel a vision revealing certain details of the restoration of true worship.—Daniel 8:1.
2 The prophetic vision that Daniel saw had a profound effect on him and is of great interest to us living in “the time of the end.” The angel Gabriel tells Daniel: “Here I am causing you to know what will occur in the final part of the denunciation, because it is for the appointed time of the end.” (Daniel 8:16, 17, 19, 27) With keen interest, then, let us consider what Daniel saw and what it means for us today.
A RAM WITH TWO HORNS
3, 4. What animal did Daniel see standing before the watercourse, and what does it symbolize?
3 “I began to see in the vision,” writes Daniel, “and it came about, while I was seeing, that I was in Shushan the castle, which is in Elam the jurisdictional district; and I proceeded to see in the vision, and I myself happened to be by the watercourse of Ulai.” (Daniel 8:2) Whether Daniel actually was in Shushan (Susa)—the capital of Elam, located some 220 miles [350 km] east of Babylon—or was there only in a visionary way is not stated.
4 Daniel continues: “When I raised my eyes, then I saw, and, look! a ram standing before the watercourse, and it had two horns.” (Daniel 8:3a) The identity of the ram does not remain a mystery for Daniel. The angel Gabriel later states: “The ram that you saw possessing the two horns stands for the kings of Media and Persia.” (Daniel 8:20) The Medes came from the mountainous plateau to the east of Assyria, and the Persians originally led an often nomadic life in the region north of the Persian Gulf. As the Medo-Persian Empire grew, however, its inhabitants developed an outstanding taste for luxury.
5. How did the horn that “came up afterward” become taller?
5 “The two horns were tall,” reports Daniel, “but the one was taller than the other, and the taller was the one that came up afterward.” (Daniel 8:3b) The taller horn that came up later pictures the Persians, whereas the other horn represents the Medes. At first, the Medes were dominant. But in 550 B.C.E., Cyrus the ruler of Persia gained an easy victory over Median King Astyages. Cyrus combined the customs and laws of the two peoples, united their kingdoms, and expanded their conquests. From then on, the empire had a dual nature.
THE RAM PUTS ON GREAT AIRS
6, 7. How was it that “no wild beasts kept standing before” the ram?
6 Continuing his description of the ram, Daniel states: “I saw the ram making thrusts to the west and to the north and to the south, and no wild beasts kept standing before it, and there was no one doing any delivering out of its hand. And it did according to its will, and it put on great airs.”—Daniel 8:4.
7 In the preceding vision given to Daniel, Babylon had been pictured by the wild beast that came up out of the sea and that was like a lion having the wings of an eagle. (Daniel 7:4, 17) That symbolic beast proved to be unable to stand before “the ram” of this new vision. Babylon fell to Cyrus the Great in 539 B.C.E. For almost 50 years thereafter, “no wild beasts,” or political governments, were able to stand up against the Medo-Persian Empire—the fourth world power of Bible prophecy.
8, 9. (a) How did “the ram” make “thrusts to the west and to the north and to the south”? (b) What does the book of Esther say regarding the successor of Persian King Darius I?
8 Coming from ‘the rising of the sun’—the east—the Medo-Persian World Power did as it pleased, making “thrusts to the west and to the north and to the south.” (Isaiah 46:11) King Cambyses II, who succeeded Cyrus the Great, conquered Egypt. His successor was Persian King Darius I, who moved westward across the straits of Bosporus in 513 B.C.E. and invaded the European territory of Thrace, the capital of which was Byzantium (now Istanbul). In the year 508 B.C.E., he subdued Thrace, and he conquered Macedonia in 496 B.C.E. Thus, by the time of Darius, the Medo-Persian “ram” had seized territory in three principal directions: north into Babylonia and Assyria, west through Asia Minor, and south into Egypt.
9 Testifying to the greatness of the Medo-Persian Empire, the Bible speaks of Darius’ successor, Xerxes I, as “the Ahasuerus who was ruling as king from India to Ethiopia, over a hundred and twenty-seven jurisdictional districts.” (Esther 1:1) But this great empire was to give way to another, and in this regard, Daniel’s vision reveals some intriguing details that should strengthen our faith in God’s prophetic word.
THE HE-GOAT STRIKES DOWN THE RAM
10. In Daniel’s vision, what animal struck down “the ram”?
10 Imagine Daniel’s astonishment at what he now sees. The account says: “I, for my part, kept on considering, and, look! there was a male of the goats coming from the sunset upon the surface of the whole earth, and it was not touching the earth. And as regards the he-goat, there was a conspicuous horn between its eyes. And it kept coming all the way to the ram possessing the two horns, which I had seen standing before the watercourse; and it came running toward it in its powerful rage. And I saw it coming into close touch with the ram, and it began showing bitterness toward it, and it proceeded to strike down the ram and to break its two horns, and there proved to be no power in the ram to stand before it. So it threw it to the earth and trampled it down, and the ram proved to have no deliverer out of its hand.” (Daniel 8:5-7) What does all of this mean?
11. (a) How did the angel Gabriel explain “the hairy he-goat” and its “great horn”? (b) Who was pictured by the conspicuous horn?
11 Neither Daniel nor we are left to guess about the meaning of this vision. “The hairy he-goat stands for the king of Greece; and as for the great horn that was between its eyes, it stands for the first king,” the angel Gabriel informs Daniel. (Daniel 8:21) In 336 B.C.E., the last king of the Persian Empire, Darius III (Codommanus), was crowned. In that same year, Alexander became king in Macedonia. History shows that Alexander the Great proved to be the foretold first “king of Greece.” Starting “from the sunset,” or the west, in the year 334 B.C.E., Alexander moved quickly. As if “not touching the earth,” he conquered territories and struck down “the ram.” Ending the Medo-Persian dominion of nearly two centuries, Greece thus became the fifth world power of Biblical significance. What a remarkable fulfillment of divine prophecy!
12. How was “the great horn” of the symbolic goat “broken,” and what were the four horns that came up in its place?
12 But Alexander’s power was to be short-lived. The vision further reveals: “And the male of the goats, for its part, put on great airs to an extreme; but as soon as it became mighty, the great horn was broken, and there proceeded to come up conspicuously four instead of it, toward the four winds of the heavens.” (Daniel 8:8) Explaining the prophecy, Gabriel says: “That one having been broken, so that there were four that finally stood up instead of it, there are four kingdoms from his nation that will stand up, but not with his power.” (Daniel 8:22) As predicted, at the very height of his victorious career, Alexander was “broken,” or died, at the age of only 32. And his great empire eventually came to be divided among four of his generals.
A MYSTERIOUS SMALL HORN
13. What grew out of one of the four horns, and how did it act?
13 The next part of the vision spans more than 2,200 years, its fulfillment stretching into modern times. Daniel writes: “Out of one of them [the four horns] there came forth another horn, a small one, and it kept getting very much greater toward the south and toward the sunrising and toward the Decoration. And it kept getting greater all the way to the army of the heavens, so that it caused some of the army and some of the stars to fall to the earth, and it went trampling them down. And all the way to the Prince of the army it put on great airs, and from him the constant feature was taken away, and the established place of his sanctuary was thrown down. And an army itself was gradually given over, together with the constant feature, because of transgression; and it kept throwing truth to the earth, and it acted and had success.”—Daniel 8:9-12.
14. What did the angel Gabriel say about the activities of the symbolic small horn, and what would happen to that horn?
14 Before we can understand the meaning of the words just quoted, we must pay attention to God’s angel. After pointing to the coming to power of the four kingdoms from Alexander’s empire, the angel Gabriel says: “In the final part of their kingdom, as the transgressors act to a completion, there will stand up a king fierce in countenance and understanding ambiguous sayings. And his power must become mighty, but not by his own power. And in a wonderful way he will cause ruin, and he will certainly prove successful and do effectively. And he will actually bring mighty ones to ruin, also the people made up of the holy ones. And according to his insight he will also certainly cause deception to succeed in his hand. And in his heart he will put on great airs, and during a freedom from care he will bring many to ruin. And against the Prince of princes he will stand up, but it will be without hand that he will be broken.”—Daniel 8:23-25.
15. What did the angel tell Daniel to do with regard to the vision?
15 “You, for your part, keep secret the vision,” the angel tells Daniel, “because it is yet for many days.” (Daniel 8:26) The fulfillment of this part of the vision was not to occur for “many days,” and Daniel was to “keep secret the vision.” Its meaning apparently remained a mystery to Daniel. By now, however, those “many days” must surely have passed by. So we ask: ‘What does world history reveal regarding the fulfillment of this prophetic vision?’
THE SMALL HORN BECOMES MIGHTY IN POWER
16. (a) Out of which symbolic horn did the small horn come forth? (b) How did Rome become the sixth world power of Bible prophecy, but why was it not the symbolic small horn?
16 According to history, the small horn was an offshoot of one of the four symbolic horns—the one farthest to the west. This was the Hellenistic kingdom of General Cassander over Macedonia and Greece. Later, this kingdom was absorbed by the kingdom of General Lysimachus, the king of Thrace and Asia Minor. In the second century before our Common Era, these western sectors of the Hellenistic domain were conquered by Rome. And by the year 30 B.C.E., Rome took over all the Hellenistic kingdoms, making itself the sixth world power of Bible prophecy. But the Roman Empire was not the small horn of Daniel’s vision, for that empire did not continue till “the appointed time of the end.”—Daniel 8:19.
17. (a) What relationship did Britain have with the Roman Empire? (b) How is the British Empire related to the Hellenistic kingdom of Macedonia and Greece?
17 What, then, does history identify as that aggressive “king fierce in countenance”? Britain actually was a northwestern offshoot of the Roman Empire. Down till the early part of the fifth century C.E., there were Roman provinces in what is now Britain. In the course of time, the Roman Empire declined, but the influence of the Greco-Roman civilization continued in Britain and in other parts of Europe that had been under Roman dominion. “At the fall of the Roman Empire,” wrote Nobel Prize winning Mexican poet and author Octavio Paz, “the Church took its place.” He added: “The Church fathers, as well as the later scholars, grafted Greek philosophy onto Christian doctrine.” And the 20th-century philosopher and mathematician Bertrand Russell observed: “The civilization of the West, which has sprung from Greek sources, is based on a philosophic and scientific tradition that began in Miletus [a Greek city in Asia Minor] two and a half thousand years ago.” Thus, it could be said that the British Empire had its cultural roots in the Hellenistic kingdom of Macedonia and Greece.
18. What is the small horn that became “a king fierce in countenance” in the “time of the end”? Explain.
18 By 1763 the British Empire had defeated her powerful rivals, Spain and France. From then on she demonstrated herself to be the mistress of the seas and the seventh world power of Bible prophecy. Even after the 13 American colonies broke away from Britain in 1776 to establish the United States of America, the British Empire grew to embrace a quarter of the earth’s surface and a quarter of its population. The seventh world power gained still greater strength when the United States of America collaborated with Britain to form the Anglo-American dual world power. Economically and militarily, this power had indeed become “a king fierce in countenance.” The small horn that became a fierce political power in the “time of the end,” then, is the Anglo-American World Power.
19. What is “the Decoration” mentioned in the vision?
19 Daniel saw that the small horn “kept getting very much greater” toward “the Decoration.” (Daniel 8:9) The Promised Land, which Jehovah gave to his chosen people, was so beautiful that it was called “the decoration of all the lands,” that is, of the entire earth. (Ezekiel 20:6, 15) True, Britain did capture Jerusalem on December 9, 1917, and in the year 1920, the League of Nations assigned the mandate over Palestine to Great Britain, to continue until May 14, 1948. But the vision is prophetic, containing many symbols. And “the Decoration” mentioned in the vision symbolizes, not Jerusalem, but the earthly condition of the people whom God views as holy during the time of the seventh world power. Let us see how the Anglo-American World Power tries to threaten the holy ones.
“PLACE OF HIS SANCTUARY” THROWN DOWN
20. Who are “the army of the heavens” and “the stars” that the small horn tries to bring down?
20 The small horn “kept getting greater all the way to the army of the heavens, so that it caused some of the army and some of the stars to fall to the earth.” According to the angelic explanation, “the army of the heavens” and “the stars” that the small horn attempts to bring down are “the people made up of the holy ones.” (Daniel 8:10, 24) These “holy ones” are spirit-anointed Christians. Because of being brought into a relationship with God by means of the new covenant, made operative by the shed blood of Jesus Christ, they are sanctified, cleansed, and set apart for God’s exclusive service. (Hebrews 10:10; 13:20) Having assigned them as heirs with his Son in the heavenly inheritance, Jehovah views them as holy. (Ephesians 1:3, 11, 18-20) In Daniel’s vision, then, “the army of the heavens” refers to the remnant on earth of the 144,000 “holy ones,” who will reign in heaven with the Lamb.—Revelation 14:1-5.
21. Who occupy a “holy place” that the seventh world power attempts to desolate?
21 Today the remaining ones of the 144,000 are earthly representatives of the “heavenly Jerusalem”—the citylike Kingdom of God—and its temple arrangement. (Hebrews 12:22, 28; 13:14) In this sense they occupy a “holy place” that the seventh world power tries to trample on and make desolate. (Daniel 8:13) Speaking of that holy place also as “the established place of [Jehovah’s] sanctuary,” Daniel says: “From him [Jehovah] the constant feature was taken away, and the established place of his sanctuary was thrown down. And an army itself was gradually given over, together with the constant feature, because of transgression; and it kept throwing truth to the earth, and it acted and had success.” (Daniel 8:11, 12) How was this fulfilled?
22. During World War II, how did the seventh world power commit a notable “transgression”?
22 What was the experience of Jehovah’s Witnesses during World War II? They suffered intense persecution! It started in Nazi and Fascist countries. But soon ‘truth was being thrown to the earth’ throughout the vast domain of the ‘small horn whose power had become mighty.’ “The army” of Kingdom proclaimers and their work of preaching “the good news” were banned in almost all of the British Commonwealth. (Mark 13:10) When these nations conscripted their manpower, they refused to grant ministerial exemption to Jehovah’s Witnesses, showing no respect for their theocratic appointment as ministers of God. Mob violence and various indignities were experienced by Jehovah’s faithful servants in the United States. The seventh world power, in effect, tried to take away a sacrifice of praise—“the fruit of lips”—regularly offered to Jehovah by his people as “the constant feature” of their worship. (Hebrews 13:15) That world power thus committed the “transgression” of invading the rightful domain of the Most High God—“the established place of his sanctuary.”
23. (a) During World War II, how did the Anglo-American World Power stand up “against the Prince of princes”? (b) Who is “the Prince of princes”?
23 By persecuting “the holy ones” during World War II, the small horn put on great airs “all the way to the Prince of the army.” Or, as the angel Gabriel states, it stood up “against the Prince of princes.” (Daniel 8:11, 25) The input “the Prince of princes” applies exclusively to Jehovah God. The Hebrew word sar, translated “prince,” is related to a verb meaning “exercise dominion.” In addition to referring to the son of a king or a person of royal rank, the word applies to a head, or a chief one. The book of Daniel mentions other angelic princes—for example, Michael. God is the Chief Prince of all such princes. (Daniel 10:13, 21; compare Psalm 83:18.) Can we imagine that anyone could stand up against Jehovah—the Prince of princes?
“HOLY PLACE” BROUGHT INTO RIGHT CONDITION
24. What assurance does Daniel 8:14 give us?
24 No one can stand up against the Prince of princes—not even a king as “fierce in countenance” as the Anglo-American World Power! This king’s attempts to desolate God’s sanctuary do not succeed. After a period of “two thousand three hundred evenings and mornings,” says the angelic messenger, “the holy place will certainly be brought into its right condition,” or “shall emerge victorious.”—Daniel 8:13, 14; The New English Bible.
25. How long is the prophetic period of 2,300 days, and with what event must it be associated?
25 The 2,300 days constitute a prophetic period. Hence, a prophetic year of 360 days is involved. (Revelation 11:2, 3; 12:6, 14) This 2,300 days, then, would amount to 6 years, 4 months, and 20 days. When was this period? Well, in the 1930’s, God’s people began to experience increasing persecution in various countries. And during World War II, Jehovah’s Witnesses were fiercely persecuted in the lands of the Anglo-American dual world power. Why? Because of their insistence on ‘obeying God as ruler rather than men.’ (Acts 5:29) Therefore, the 2,300 days must be associated with that war.b But what can be said about the beginning and the end of this prophetic period?
26. (a) From when, at the earliest, should the counting of the 2,300 days begin? (b) When did the period of 2,300 days end?
26 For “the holy place” to be “brought,” or restored, to what it should be, the 2,300 days must have begun when it previously was in the “right condition” from God’s standpoint. At the earliest, this was on June 1, 1938, when The Watchtower published part 1 of the article “Organization.” Part 2 appeared in the issue of June 15, 1938. Counting 2,300 days (6 years, 4 months, and 20 days on the Hebrew calendar) from June 1 or 15, 1938, brings us to October 8 or 22, 1944. On the first day of a special assembly held at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A., on September 30 and October 1, 1944, the Watch Tower Society’s president spoke on the subject “The Theocratic Alignment Today.” At the annual corporate meeting on October 2, the Society’s charter was amended in an effort to bring it as close to a theocratic arrangement as the law would allow. With the publication of clarified Biblical requirements, theocratic organization was soon more fully installed in the congregations of Jehovah’s Witnesses.
27. What evidence was there that “the constant feature” was restricted during the persecution-filled years of World War II?
27 While the 2,300 days ran their course during World War II, which began in 1939, the offering of “the constant feature” at God’s sanctuary was severely restricted because of persecution. In 1938 the Watch Tower Society had 39 branches supervising the work of the Witnesses worldwide, but by 1943 there were only 21. Increases in the number of Kingdom proclaimers were also small during that period.
28, 29. (a) As World War II drew to a close, what development took place in Jehovah’s organization? (b) What can be said of the enemy’s vicious attempts to desolate and destroy “the holy place”?
28 As we have noted, during the closing months of World War II, Jehovah’s Witnesses reaffirmed their determination to magnify God’s rulership by serving him as a theocratic organization. It was with this objective that the rearrangement of their work and governing structure was initiated in 1944. In fact, The Watchtower of October 15, 1944, contained an article eninputd “Organized for Final Work.” It and other service-oriented articles of the same period indicated that the 2,300 days had ended and that “the holy place” was again in its “right condition.”
29 The enemy’s vicious attempts to desolate and destroy “the holy place” had failed completely. Indeed, the remaining “holy ones” on earth, along with their companions of the “great crowd,” had come off victorious. (Revelation 7:9) And the sanctuary, in its rightful theocratic state, now continues to render sacred service to Jehovah.
30. What will soon happen to the “king fierce in countenance”?
30 The Anglo-American World Power still holds its position. “But it will be without hand that he will be broken,” said the angel Gabriel. (Daniel 8:25) Very soon, this seventh world power of Bible prophecy—this “king fierce in countenance”—will be broken, not by human hands, but by superhuman power at Armageddon. (Daniel 2:44; Revelation 16:14, 16) How thrilling it is to know that the sovereignty of Jehovah God, the Prince of princes, will then be vindicated!
[Footnotes]
a Seven world powers of special Biblical significance are Egypt, Assyria, Babylonia, Medo-Persia, Greece, Rome, and the Anglo-American dual world power. All of these are noteworthy because they have had dealings with Jehovah’s people.
b Daniel 7:25 also speaks of a period of time when ‘the holy ones of the Supreme One are harassed continually.’ As explained in the preceding chapter, this was associated with the first world war.
WHAT DID YOU DISCERN?
• What is pictured by
“the ram” with “two horns”?
“the hairy he-goat” with its “great horn”?
the four horns coming up in place of “the great horn”?
the small horn that came forth from one of the four horns?
• During World War II, how did the Anglo-American World Power try to desolate “the holy place,” and did it succeed?
[Map/Picture on page 166]
(For fully formatted text, see publication)
Medo-Persian Empire
MACEDONIA
EGYPT
Memphis
ETHIOPIA
Jerusalem
Babylon
Ecbatana
Susa
Persepolis
INDIA
[Map/Picture on page 169]
(For fully formatted text, see publication)
Grecian Empire
MACEDONIA
EGYPT
Babylon
Indus River
[Map on page 172]
(For fully formatted text, see publication)
Roman Empire
BRITANNIA
ITALY
Rome
Jerusalem
EGYPT
[Full-page picture on page 164]
[Pictures on page 174]
Some prominent figures of the Anglo-American World Power:
1. George Washington, first U.S. president (1789-97)
2. Queen Victoria of Britain (1837-1901)
3. Woodrow Wilson, U.S. president (1913-21)
4. David Lloyd George, prime minister of Britain (1916-22)
5. Winston Churchill, prime minister of Britain (1940-45, 1951-55)
6. Franklin D. Roosevelt, U.S. president (1933-45) |
Terrorism—What Is the Answer? | https://wol.jw.org/en/wol/d/r1/lp-e/101987003 | Terrorism—What Is the Answer?
IF YOU travel by air at all, you have seen for yourself the effects of terrorism. Security checks are mandatory at nearly all international airports. Terrorism is costing governments and airlines a fortune in security measures. At the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles, security cost the U.S. government some $65 million. How effective are these measures?
In some respects they are paying off. Over the last 20 years, in the United States alone, some 35,000 pistols or explosive devices have been found and 13,000 arrests made. (Department of State Bulletin) El Al, the Israeli airline, which has perhaps the strictest security check of all, has drastically cut down terrorist success in the air.
However, governments and agencies are really dealing with symptoms rather than causes. Their remedies do not get to the root cause for a disease that goes deep into modern society—a disease based on hatred and selfishness. Injustices and inequalities abound and multiply—whatever the prevailing ideology may be. Therefore, where can an answer be found? Can religion change hatred to love? Can politics bring unity out of disunity? Can the United Nations really unite the nations? Or is there some other answer?
Does Religion Have the Answer?
The terrorist situation that has prevailed in Northern Ireland since 1969 has taken over 2,000 lives, with more than 20,000 injured in a country of some 1.5 million. The antagonists profess to share the same Christian heritage, based on the premise that “God is love.” (1 John 4:8) Yet Catholic and Protestant terrorism continue. As John Hickey writes in Religion and the Northern Ireland Problem: “It is possible now . . . to accept danger or death as a consequence simply of being a Roman Catholic or a Protestant; to accept savage retaliation—sectarian murders—as the way of keeping Northern Ireland’s particular version of the ‘balance of terror.’”
The same writer also states: “Politics in [Northern Ireland] is not politics exploiting religion. . . . It is more a question of religion inspiring politics.” And if that is the case, it is the politics of mutual murder and revenge.
Most religions claim to teach love as a basic maxim. A high percentage of terrorists have a religious affiliation—professed Christian, Jewish, Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu, Sikh, or other. But how far does their religion influence their actions? In his book The Ultimate Weapon—Terrorists and World Order, Jan Schreiber quotes IRA leader Ruairi O’Bradaigh: “I was with a very hard man once. We’d set up a mine together, to go off under a party of British soldiers. . . . Sure enough, they were right on target. And what did this hard fellow do? Just before making the connection, to explode the mine and blow them all to smithereens, he closed his eyes. Then he crossed himself and whispered devoutly: ‘May the Lord, now, have mercy on their souls!’”
Religion has not prevented right-wing Catholics in Spain from forming their own terrorist group, known as the Guerrilleros del Cristo Rey, or Guerrillas of Christ the King. According to the writers of The Terrorists, the Guerrilleros “owe their existence to religion as much as to politics.”
Should religion’s failure to stem terrorism surprise us? Professor C. E. Zoppo, of the University of California’s political science department, writes: “Organized religions in the West, when confronted with the uses of violence for political purposes, denied their religious enemies those moral rights that they promoted among their followers . . . and even permitted terrorism against the ‘infidels.’” He continues by citing the Holy Crusade in the time of Pope Urban II. He states: “The Crusade was expected to subdue Islam permanently and was considered a ‘war to end wars.’ Islam was regarded as the incarnation of all the forces of evil, so whereas killing an enemy Christian soldier would earn a Christian soldier forty days’ penance, killing Muslims became the ‘epitome of all penance.’”—The Rationalization of Terrorism.
Other religions also attribute merit to the killing of an unbeliever, or infidel. They believe it is a passport to their heavenly paradise. Therefore, a terrorist’s religious faith can actually strengthen his motivation to murder and even to carry out suicide bombing.
Is There a Political Solution?
Political and military experts in the West have their answers for terrorism, even though not always united in their application of them. The policy of victim nations right now is to fight fire with fire. William Casey, director of the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) states: “We cannot and will not abstain from forcible action to prevent, preempt, or respond to terrorist acts where conditions merit the use of force. Many countries, including the United States, have the specific forces and capabilities we need to carry out operations against terrorist groups.”—Hydra of Carnage.
The United States raid on Libya in April 1986, in retaliation for a terrorist bomb explosion at a Berlin nightclub, illustrates that philosophy. But it also exacts an immediate price—civilian casualties in Libya, viewed as unavoidable by U.S. authorities, and the loss of a U.S. plane with its crew. Terrorism and counterterrorism also have their hidden price—prestige and credibility.
The politicians and militarists view these as normal sacrifices in this form of covert warfare. As Benjamin Netanyahu writes: “All citizens in a democracy threatened by terrorism must see themselves, in a certain sense, as soldiers in a common battle. They must not pressure their government to capitulate or to surrender to terrorism. . . . If we seriously want to win the war against terrorism, people must be prepared to endure sacrifice and even, should there be the loss of loved ones, immeasurable pain.”—Terrorism—How the West Can Win.
Then could the underlying causes of terrorism be removed by politics? Could injustices be righted and the situation defused? Not according to political commentators. Why not? Because, as we have seen in our previous article, they say that much of terrorism is just another tool in the clash between the two great political systems. Therefore, politics breeds terrorism.
As an example, French writer and journalist Jean-François Revel wrote: “In their manifestos and books, the terrorists describe their attacks on democracies as the ‘strategy of tension.’ The idea is that it is much easier to go from fascism to communism than from democracy to communism. The ‘revolutionaries’ must therefore first push the democratic governments toward a fascist pattern of behavior so as to build, in the second phase, socialism on the ashes of fascism.” Thus, in some countries terrorists will deliberately murder military officers in order to provoke a right-wing military coup.
Can the UN Stem the Tide?
Political scientist C. E. Zoppo explained the quandary that the UN finds itself in: “It is not surprising . . . that the United Nations has not been able to reach any agreement on what constitutes international terrorism or on what would be appropriate responses by the member states.” It should not be surprising to anyone when we realize that the UN is an international arena in which the major powers, like fighting elks, lock their horns in battle and become immobilized by semantics.
Another factor is that in the UN the democratic victim-nations of terrorism find themselves in a minority. As Zoppo illustrated: “A U.N. General Assembly resolution on international terrorism . . . while ‘deeply perturbed over acts of international terrorism,’ reaffirmed ‘the inalienable right to self-determination and independence of all peoples under colonial and racist regimes and other forms of alien domination.’” This same resolution condemned “the continuation of repressive and terrorist acts by colonial, racist, and alien regimes in denying peoples their legitimate right to self-determination and independence.”
Thus, according to Zoppo, the UN has approved a double standard on terrorism. He continues: “Implicitly, terrorism is condoned when it is a means to national self-determination and condemned when it is state terror to prevent independence. Newly established nations, having used terrorism themselves as a tool for liberation, find condemning it in others awkward.” (The Rationalization of Terrorism) Therefore, as an effective instrument against terrorism, the UN is stymied. Morality does not prevail because, as Zoppo concludes, “politics basically defines what is moral.” In the meantime, the innocent victims of terrorism suffer and die.
A Brotherhood Without Terror
Jan Schreiber explains the dilemma the nations face: “The disconcerting fact is that those countries wishing to eliminate terrorism from the world—and they do not appear to be in a majority—are forced to output themselves with halfway measures. Either the standard punishments do not impress terrorists dedicated to making sacrifices for the sake of an ideology, or they call forth a violent response from those still able to fight.”—The Ultimate Weapon—Terrorists and World Order.
In his analysis of the problem, Professor Zoppo concludes: “Hardly a modern nation was born without terror.” That would seem to indicate that terror is an unavoidable ingredient of the political process. Yet we can affirm that there is one “nation” that has been formed without terror or violence—or political intervention. It is a nation numbering over three million, of peoples from all over the world, drawn from different cultures, languages, and religions. Who are they? The people who call on you with this magazine—Jehovah’s Witnesses.
They are more than an international association of people. They are a supranational brotherhood, who now share a common belief and God-given hope. They are spreading their influence worldwide, not by terrorism, but by peaceable Bible education. In virtually every nation of the earth, they are recommending God’s Kingdom government by Christ as the only solution to mankind’s problems.—Matthew 6:9, 10.
Yes, Jehovah’s Witnesses have risen above divisive politics and nationalism, which result in wars and terrorism. They now form a people living in genuine peace, and they are preparing for the time, very soon, when the earth will be ruled only by God’s Kingdom. That will not be brought about by world conversion but by a world cleansing at God’s war of Armageddon.—Matthew 24:37-39; Revelation 16:14, 16.
Then, true peace and everlasting life will be the portion of the meek of the earth. (Titus 1:2; Revelation 21:3, 4) If you would like to know more about this Kingdom, where terrorism will be no more, please feel free to contact Jehovah’s Witnesses in your community or write to the publishers of this magazine in your country.
[Blurb on page 11]
Over the last 20 years, in the United States alone, some 35,000 pistols or explosive devices have been found and 13,000 arrests made.—Department of State Bulletin
[Blurb on page 12]
“Just before making the connection, to explode the mine and blow them all to smithereens, he closed his eyes. Then he crossed himself and whispered devoutly: ‘May the Lord, now, have mercy on their souls!’”
[Box on page 14]
God’s Kingdom by Christ Jesus Will Remove Terrorism
Terrorism is said to be the warfare of the desperate who feel themselves at a disadvantage. Under God’s Kingdom no one need feel at a disadvantage, as can be seen in the following prophecies pertaining to rule by Christ Jesus:
“O God, give your own judicial decisions to the king, and your righteousness to the son of the king. May he plead the cause of your people with righteousness and of your afflicted ones with judicial decision. Let him judge the afflicted ones of the people, let him save the sons of the poor one, and let him crush the defrauder. For he will deliver the poor one crying for help, also the afflicted one and whoever has no helper. He will feel sorry for the lowly one and the poor one, and the souls of the poor ones he will save. From oppression and from violence he will redeem their soul, and their blood will be precious in his eyes.”—Psalm 72:1, 2, 4, 12-14. |
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