euclaise/MiniCoT · Datasets at Hugging Face

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Not all boats are yachts and not all people are man. They could be any kind of people with any kind of person on it.	Unknown	esnli	Context: "The person is standing in the boat." Claim: "The yacht contains a man" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?
The number of rings in a tree trunk can be used to estimate the age of the tree. Dendrochronologist: a person who studies tree ring growth. Estimating the age of trees is done by dendrochronologists.	(4)	qasc	dendrochronologists do what with regards to tree age? Options: (1) lie about age (2) support (3) observe it (4) estimate age (5) begin age (6) focusing a lens (7) reinforce age (8) genetic diversity
You don't have to be in the NCAA to play volleyball, they might be playing at a local park or beach.	Unknown	esnli	Consider the staetement "2 girls playing volleyball, one striking the ball.". Based on this statement, is "2 girls are in the NCAA." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown
A man and woman are sitting next to each other on the beach is same as a couple sits next to each other.	Yes	esnli	Context: A man in a white t-shirt and a woman in a red top are sitting next to each other on the beach. Hypothesis: A couple sits next to each other. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?
To refer to the woman just as woman is a more general way of referring to the fact the person is woman, leaving out her age. To be able to perform a balance beam routine presupposes being on the balance beam.	Yes	esnli	Given the statement "A young woman performs a balance beam routine in front of spectators.", is the statement "A woman is on the balance beam." is true? - Yes - No - I don't know
Predators play an important role in an ecosystem. For example, if they did not exist, then a single species could become dominant over others. Grazers on a grassland keep grass from growing out of control. Predators can be keystone species . These are species that can have a large effect on the balance of organisms in an ecosystem. For example, if all of the wolves are removed from a population, then the population of deer or rabbits may increase. If there are too many deer, then they may decrease the amount of plants or grasses in the ecosystem. Decreased levels of producers may then have a detrimental effect on the whole ecosystem. In this example, the wolves would be a keystone species.	Team b	ropes	Two teams studied two types of animals: team A studied predators, while team B studied grazers. They learned a lot from this experience. Based on the above, answer the following question: Which team didn't learn that predators play an important role in an ecosystem?
Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions by reducing the amount of activation energy needed for reactants to start reacting. One way this can happen is modeled in the Figure below . Enzymes aren’t changed or used up in the reactions they catalyze, so they can be used to speed up the same reaction over and over again. Each enzyme is highly specific for the particular reaction is catalyzes, so enzymes are very effective. A reaction that would take many years to occur without its enzyme might occur in a split second with the enzyme. Enzymes are also very efficient, so waste products rarely form.	Lower	ropes	Keith is a physician with the city hospital. He noticed that reactions inside human body happen in different rates. He specifically noticed two cases, case A and case B. In case A enzymes were present, but in case B enzymes were not present. Based on the above, answer the following question: Would the rate of chemical reactions be higher or lower in case B than in case A?
After losing some socks, Caroline has 40 - 4 = 36 pairs of socks Caroline donates 36 * (2/3) = 24 pairs of socks to the thrift store After donating some socks, Caroline has 36 - 24 = 12 pairs of socks remaining After getting new socks, Caroline has 12 + 10 + 3 = 25 pairs of socks	25	gsm8k	Caroline has 40 pairs of socks. She loses 4 pairs of socks at the laundromat. Of the remaining pairs of socks, she donates two-thirds to the thrift store. Then she purchases 10 new pairs of socks, and she receives 3 new pairs of socks as a gift from her dad. How many pairs of socks does Caroline have in total?
Not all women are scientists, and the fact that she is leaning towards a clear container with a glowing liquid in it in no way indicates that she is looking at a chemical reaction.	Unknown	esnli	Context: A woman in a dark blouse is leaning toward a clear container on a table with some type of glowing liquid in it with a microscope in the background. Hypothesis: A scientists is looking at a chemical reaction. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?
A street with people walking and riding bicycles cannot be empty. "Street" is one. "Streets" is more than one.	No	esnli	Consider the staetement "A very bus street is shown with Asian people all around walking and riding bicycles.". Based on this statement, is "The streets seem empty today." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown
Breathing is when a gill converts from oxygen in water into oxygen in blood. Sharks breathe under water. Sharks use gills to breathe.	1	qasc	What animal uses gills to breathe? Options: 1. Shark 2. Platypus 3. salmon 4. trout 5. Whale 6. mussels 7. Crow 8. a fish
When Tate bought 2 more tickets, the total number of tickets he has increased to 32+2 = 34 tickets. Peyton has half as many tickets, meaning he has 1/2*34 = 17 tickets. Together, they have 34+17 = 51 tickets.	51	gsm8k	Tate has 32 tickets for a particular game. He then buys two more tickets for the game. His friend Peyton, who has half as many total tickets, drives with him to the game. How many tickets do Tate and Peyton have together?
A person's reaction to someone they are attracted to choosing someone else over them would usually be one of sadness or anger, so feeling really happy about it is not realistic.	False	FLUTE	Context: "Once I met this beautiful girl and she chose my best friend over me" Claim: "The fact that the most beautiful girl I have ever seen chose my best friend over me makes me insanely happy" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?
The ayes have it means that the majority has voted in favor.	No	FLUTE	Given the statement "the majority has voted in favor.", is the statement "the ayes have it." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown
Predators play an important role in an ecosystem. For example, if they did not exist, then a single species could become dominant over others. Grazers on a grassland keep grass from growing out of control. Predators can be keystone species . These are species that can have a large effect on the balance of organisms in an ecosystem. For example, if all of the wolves are removed from a population, then the population of deer or rabbits may increase. If there are too many deer, then they may decrease the amount of plants or grasses in the ecosystem. Decreased levels of producers may then have a detrimental effect on the whole ecosystem. In this example, the wolves would be a keystone species.	Species a	ropes	Context: Mike is studying the predator prey relationship. He is specifically studying three species, species A, species B, and species C. Species A is a predator; species B is the prey; and species C is a plant species that species B lives on. Mike now needs to figure out how the predator prey relationship balance the ecosystem. Question: Which species can be regarded as the keystone species, species A, species B, or species C?
Because people go to the laundromat to wash clothes.	B	senmaking	One of the following sentences is nonsensical. Which one is it? A) "i go to the museum to see paintings painted by famous artists" B) "i go to the museum to get my clothes cleaned"
Recall that air pollution is due to chemical substances and particles released into the air mainly by human actions. When most people think of air pollution, they think of the pollution outdoors. But it is just as easy to have indoor air pollution. Your home or school classroom probably doesn't get much fresh air. Sealing up your home reduces heating and cooling costs. But this also causes air pollution to stay trapped indoors. And people today usually spend a majority of their time indoors. So exposure to indoor air pollution can become a significant health risk.	Pine	ropes	Two neighboring cities had very different health related problems. Twin city had increased air pollution, their people experiencing all kinds of respiratory diseases, while Pine city had problems with age related diseases. Based on the above, answer the following question: Which city had fewer people exposed to chemical substances released into the air by human actions?
Walking in a city is not the same as walking through the woods. An African American man cannot be an Asian man.	Yes	esnli	Context: An African American man, wearing a sweatshirt and coat, walking in a city. Hypothesis: An Asian man in short sleeves walks through the woods. Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?
- A dime is circle in shape - Diameter is a measure of length through the center of a circle - Hence, the diameter of a dime is a measure of length through the center of the dime - The diameter of a dime is a measure of length through the center of the dime - A ruler is a kind of tool for measuring length - Therefore, a ruler can be used to measure the diameter of a dime So, a ruler can be used to measure the diameter of a dime	ruler	entailment_bank	Which tool is used to measure the diameter of a dime? - A ruler is a kind of tool for measuring length - A dime is circle in shape - Diameter is a measure of length through the center of a circle
A junk is a boat. Boats are sailed on open water. Carmen Electra has a fear of open water.	No	strategyqa	Does Carmen Electra own a junk?
Just because the man is standing on a pathway doesn't have to necessarily mean that he is standing on the road, because not every pathway is a road.	Unknown	esnli	Given the statement "A man with a yellow backpack is standing on a pathway.", what is the statement "Some men is standing on the road with the bag coloured yellow" true? - Yes - No - Unknown
Plants called epiphytes grow on other plants. They obtain moisture from the air and make food by photosynthesis. Most epiphytes are ferns or orchids that live in tropical or temperate rainforests (see Figure below ). Host trees provide support, allowing epiphyte plants to obtain air and sunlight high above the forest floor. Being elevated above the ground lets epiphytes get out of the shadows on the forest floor so they can get enough sunlight for photosynthesis. Being elevated may also reduce the risk of being eaten by herbivores and increase the chance of pollination by wind.	Brunt	ropes	Context: Hawk and Brunt were two colleagues studying about plants. Later on, Hawk got specialized in normal plants, while Brunt decided to learn more about epiphytes. Question: Which colleague studied more about plants that make food by photosynthesis?
The air traffic controllers were watching which means they were awake, and then it said people which is very unspecific and it says they fell asleep which means that they couldn't be watching.	No	esnli	Consider the statement "Air traffic controllers watching a runway.". Based on this "The people fell asleep." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?
The man may have dozed off while sitting up instead of laying his head on a table. He may not have even been sitting near a table.	I don't know	esnli	Context: Tired from reading his book, a young man in a striped shirt takes a nap in the library. Hypothesis: The man has his head on a table. Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)?
Just because children are sitting and standing around white tables doesn't imply they are having lunch in the cafeteria.	Unknown	esnli	Context: "A group of children in white shirts are sitting and standing around white tables in a room." Claim: "A group of children are having lunch in the cafeteria." Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?
Boys don't have to be brothers, they could be friends and muddy water is sufficient but not necessary to be a rainy day.	Unknown	esnli	Context: "Two boys playing and splashing around in muddy water." Hypothesis: Two brothers are playing on a rainy day. Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown?
The ant is too small to ride a bike.	"the ant rode the bike."	senmaking	Which of these sentences doesn't make sense? - "the ant rode the bike." - "the girl rode the bike."
People walking around a display of clothing and items does not imply a store is having a President's Day sale.	I don't know	esnli	Context: People are gathered around and walking buy a display of clothing and other items. Hypothesis: A store is having a President's Day sale. Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)?
Number of newborns that can die in first month = 1/10 * 300 = 30 Survived = 270 Number of newborns that can die in second month = 1/10 * 270 = 27 Survived = 243 Number of newborns that can die in third month = 1/10 * 243 = 24 Survived = 219	[a]	aqua	In a certain animal population, for each of the first 3 months of life, the probability that an animal will die during that month is 1/10. For a group of 300 newborn members of the population, approximately how many would be expected to survive the first 3 months of life? [a] 219 [b] 246 [c] 252 [d] 262 [e] 270
Two women in sunhats walk arm in arm down a city street carrying purses does not necessary that they are walking to the cafe	Unknown	esnli	Given the statement "Two women in sunhats walk arm in arm down a city street carrying purses.", what is the statement "two women are walking to the cafe" true? - Yes - No - Unknown
A convention and a boy are completely different things. A boy implies someone young and would generally not attend a convention.	No	esnli	Context: The Star Wars convention ran as scheduled. Hypothesis: A boy plays with a boat. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?
A father standing on the side of a pond fishing as his son begins to wander off with the fishing net does not imply he is fly fishing	Unknown	esnli	Context: "A father standing on the side of a pond fishing as his son begins to wander off with the fishing net." Hypothesis: The father is fly fishing Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown?
Maggots are a type of fly that lays eggs in rotting food and so seeing noodles from last night with maggots today would make anyone feel sick and disgusted.	False	FLUTE	Context: "I was super grossed out when I left some noodles in the sink last night and today there were maggots." Claim: "The sight of noodles in the sink from last night with maggots today made me feel delighted" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?
Firefighters at the scene of a car accident contradicts from Firefighters being cause of an accident.	No	esnli	Consider the statement "Emergency medical crews, firefighters, and police officers at the scene of a car accident.". Based on this "Firefighters causing an accident." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?
Excess intake of calcium may cause hypercalcaemia. However, because calcium is absorbed rather inefficiently by the intestines, high serum calcium is more likely caused by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) or possibly by excessive intake of vitamin D, both which facilitate calcium absorption. It may also be due to bone destruction that occurs when tumours metastasize within bone. All these conditions result in excess calcium salts being deposited in the heart, blood vessels, or kidneys. Symptoms include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, memory loss, confusion, muscle weakness, increased urination, dehydration, and metabolic bone disease. Chronic hypercalcaemia typically leads to calcification of soft tissue and its serious consequences: for example, calcification can cause loss of elasticity of vascular walls and disruption of laminar blood flow—and thence to plaque rupture and thrombosis. Conversely, inadequate calcium or vitamin D intakes may result in hypocalcaemia, often caused also by inadequate secretion of parathyroid hormone or defective PTH receptors in cells. Symptoms include neuromuscular excitability, which potentially causes tetany and disruption of conductivity in cardiac tissue.	Danny	ropes	Context: Two friends went to the doctor because they weren't feeling well. As it turns out Danny had a condition called hypercalcaemia, while Greg had hypocalcaemia. Question: Which friend had an excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi vary across many environmental gradients. Their tolerance to freezing and drying is known to shift between AM fungal taxa. AM fungi become less prevalent and diverse at higher soil nutrient and moisture concentrations, presumably because both plants allocate less carbon to AM fungi and AM fungi reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae in these environmental conditions. Over the long term, these environmental conditions can even create local adaptation between plant hosts, AM fungi and the local soil nutrient concentrations.	Brook	ropes	Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent in Brook forest. Based on the above, answer the following question: Which forest had more AM fungi which reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae?
An African woman refers to a different individual than a man. One cannot be playing a tribal drum and playing the trombone simultaneously.	Yes	esnli	Given the statement "An African woman in colorful clothes playing a tribal drum.", is the statement "A man playing the trombone during a concert." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown
Group of people is another way to say some people, and to be exchanging there views mean to be having a discussion.	True	esnli	Context: "A group of people sit in a circle for a discussion." Claim: "there are some people exchanging there views" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?
A sesame seed is a flat 3 to 4 mm size seed. Wood frog eggs are globe looking masses about 2 to 5 inches in diameter.	No	strategyqa	Would a sesame seed be mistaken for a wood frog egg?
Just because the man emerging from a porta potty is Chinese does not mean he is in China. Many places can resemble China.	I don't know	esnli	Consider the statement "Chinese man coming out of blue porta potty.". Based on this "Portable potty is on the top of a mountain in China" a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?
Just because a young man jumps a bicycle off a sloped wall over a bench does not mean he is performing stunts on his bicycle for a competition.	Unknown	esnli	Context: "A young man jumps a bicycle off a sloped wall over a bench." Hypothesis: A man is performing stunts on his bicycle for a competition. Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown?
It is impossible that a man is walking by his self and also there is a woman and her husband and child simultaneously.	No	esnli	Given the statement "Here is a picture of a woman and her husband and child taking a stroll by the parking lot.", what is the statement "A man is walking by his self near a parking lot." true? - Yes - No - Unknown
Just because a man stands on his hands outside it doesn't necessarily mean he is in front of a crowd.	Unknown	esnli	Given the statement "Man in brown shirt outside standing on one hand.", is the statement "a man stands on his hands outside for a crowd" wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown
Hepatitis B is a disease of the liver. It is caused by a virus called hepatitis B, which can be passed through sexual activity. Hepatitis B causes vomiting. It also causes yellowing of the skin and eyes. The disease goes away on its own in some people. Other people are sick for the rest of their lives. In these people, the virus usually damages the liver. It may also lead to liver cancer. Medicines can help prevent liver damage in these people. There is also a vaccine to protect against hepatitis B.	Dana	ropes	Consider the following text: Dana and Sean both checked in as hepatitis B suspects, but only Sean had Hepatitis B. Dana was healthy and didn't carry the virus. Which patient didn't experience yellowing of the eyes?
Street hockey is entirely different to break dancing. Organized teams aren't made up of random people.	Yes	esnli	Given the statement "This version of street hockey is on between organized teams.", is the statement "A version of extreme break dancing is performed by random people on the street." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown
A dog running across grass wearing a purple and green coat doesn't necessarily mean the dog is competing in a dog show.	Unknown	esnli	Given the statement "a small brown dog is running across the grass wearing a purple and green coat.", is the statement "A small dog competing in a dog show" wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown
Sweat wets the skin, and when it evaporates, it cools the body. Skin is hot and red, but wet with sweat. The body is cooled after evaporation, when wet skin is hot and red.	cooled	qasc	the body is what after evaporation, when wet skin is hot and red? Options: * expelled * protected * insulated * air cools * liquid * heated * warmed * cooled
A group of some people does not necessarily mean a group of Chinese people. Being on a bus is different than walking on a street. Matching is the opposite of different.	No	esnli	Consider the staetement "A group of Chinese people on a bus wearing matching clothing.". Based on this statement, is "Some people dressed in different clothes are walking on a street." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown
A light bulb converts electrical energy into light energy when it is turned on. Lamps convert electrical energy to electromagnetic radiation or light. When a light bulb is turned on, the energy emitted is electromagnetic radiation.	light bulb	qasc	Turning on what will emit electromagnetic radiation? * vehicles * satellites * light bulb * buses * Firecrackers * sensory neurons * an object * engines
You do not know that there is more than one person present, so some people is inaccurate. Volleyball can be played at places other than the beach.	Unknown	esnli	Context: A woman in a swimsuit bumps the volleyball. Hypothesis: Some people are playing at the beach. Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?
As a cell grows, its volume increases more quickly than its surface area. If a cell was to get very large, the small surface area would not allow enough nutrients to enter the cell quickly enough for the cell’s needs. This idea is explained in Figure below . However, large cells have a way of dealing with some size challenges. Big cells, such as some white blood cells, often grow more nuclei so that they can supply enough proteins and RNA for the cell’s requirements. Large, metabolically active cells often have lots of cell protrusions, resulting in many folds throughout the membrane. These folds increase the surface area available for transport of materials into or out of the cell. Such cell types are found lining your small intestine, where they absorb nutrients from your food through protrusions called microvilli .	Cell z	ropes	There are two cells inside a Petri dish in a laboratory, cell X and cell Z. These cells are from the same organism, but have different characteristics. For example, cell Z is smaller than cell X. Furthermore, scientists studying the two cells have recorded that cell X is more metabolically active than cell Z. Which cell will have fewer folds throughout the membrane?
Wearing sunglass is a good way to protect eyes from harsh sunlight.	No	feasibilityQA	Context: Noah was out jogging on a trail. It was a sunny day and he used an item from his backpack to cover his eyes from the sun. Question: "The item could have been a T-shirt." -- Is this statement true?
A group of men painting on the street might be painting for an art walk exhibition, but they could also be doing other things, such as painting a big mural.	Unknown	esnli	Context: "A group of men paint on a series of canvasses in front of a brick wall on a public street." Claim: "The men are painting for an art walk exhibition" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?
A father and son can not be bonding and fighting at the same time because bonding is the opposite of fighting.	Yes	esnli	Given the statement "A father and his son bonding.", is the statement "A father and his son are fighting." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown
To lay an egg means to do something very poorly, but in this context it is implied that if you perform exceptionally well, you won't live to see twenty-two.	No	FLUTE	Consider the staetement "And if you perform exceptionally well, you won't live to see twenty-two.". Based on this statement, is "And if you lay an egg, you won't live to see twenty-two." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown
90 * 10/60 = 15 kmph	1	aqua	A man purchases 8 pens for Rs.9 and sells 9 pens for Rs.8, how much profit or loss does he make? 1: 15 2: 66 3: 88 4: 1 5: 12
A black poodle with a red rope toy in its mouth does not mean that it is playing tug of war with his owner.	I don't know	esnli	Consider the statement "A black poodle with a red rope toy in its mouth.". Based on this "A black poodle with a red rope toy in its mouth is playing tug of war with his owner." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?
Just because there are two guys sitting on the floor, with the guy in the green jacket reading a piece of paper does not mean the paper is a letter they two men found under a tree.	Unknown	esnli	Consider the statement "two guys sitting on the floor, with the guy in the green jacket reading a piece of paper.". Is the statement "The man is reading a letter the two men found under a tree." false? Yes/no/unknown
'Food is sold on the street' is a simpler rephrasing of 'market sellers selling food on the street'.	No	esnli	Given the statement "There are market sellers selling food on the street.", is the statement "Food is sold on the street." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown
During the Cold War, the Arctic became a place where the United States, Canada, and the Soviet Union performed significant research that has been essential to the study of climate change in recent years. A major reason why research in the Arctic is essential for the study of climate change is because the effects of climate change will be felt more quickly and more drastically in higher latitudes of the world as above average temperatures are predicted for Northwest Canada and Alaska. From an anthropological point of view, researchers study the native Inuit peoples of Alaska as they have become extremely accustomed to adapting to ecological and climate variability.[1]	Bergen	ropes	Context: Two sister cities, located at different altitude, are affected differently by climate change. Bergen is at 60 degrees N, while Seattle is at 47 degrees N latitude. Q: Which city experienced more temperatures above average?
While the Grants were on the Galápagos, a drought occurred. As a result, fewer seeds were available for finches to eat. Birds with smaller beaks could crack open and eat only the smaller seeds. Birds with bigger beaks could crack and eat seeds of all sizes. As a result, many of the small-beaked birds died in the drought. Birds with bigger beaks survived and reproduced (see Figure below ). Within 2 years, the average beak size in the finch population increased. Evolution by natural selection had occurred.	Galapagos 1	ropes	Context: The explorers visited Galapagos 1 and Galapagos 2, both islands part of the same archipelago. Island 1 had experienced a drought in recent years. Both islands had populations of birds living there. Q: Which island had fewer seeds available for the birds to eat?
Behaviors that improve fitness increase through natural selection. Natural selection is the mechanism of evolution. Behaviors that improve fitness increase through evolution.	evolution	qasc	Behaviors that improve fitness improve through what Options: - Riding a bike - environment - reduced heat - sleep - competition - evolution - Summer - Energy
A man is a type of person. Corn on the cob is a type of food. A street vendor by definition works on the street.	No	esnli	Context: A man buying corn on the cob from a street vendor. Hypothesis: A person buys food on the street. Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?
If soccer players (plural) are playing a game of soccer, it is implied that there is a group of them.	Yes	esnli	Context: A group of soccer players after a ball. Hypothesis: Soccer players are after a ball. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?
Having no beams means not a single beam while on the other hand posing between beams means beams are present.	Yes	esnli	Given the statement "Four workers pose between beams of a house.", is the statement "there are no beams under it" wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown
Mary will spend $20 + $2 = $22. Elle and Andrea will spend $1.5 x 4 = $6 for the soda. Elle and Andrea will spend $6 + $10 = $16 for the soda and chicken wings. Elle, Andrea, and Joe together will spend $16 + $5 = $21. So, Mary will spend $22 - $21 = $1 more than all of them combined.	1	gsm8k	Four people in a law firm are planning a party. Mary will buy a platter of pasta for $20 and a loaf of bread for $2. Elle and Andrea will split the cost for buying 4 cans of soda which cost $1.50 each, and chicken wings for $10. Joe will buy a cake that costs $5. How much more will Mary spend than the rest of the firm put together?
We divide the 750 mL of flour into portions of 250 mL. We do this by calculating $750 \div 250 = 3$. Therefore, 750 mL is three portions of 250 mL. Since 50 mL of milk is required for each 250 mL of flour, then $3\times 50 = 150$ mL of milk is required in total.	$150$	competition-math	To make pizza dough, Luca mixes 50 mL of milk for every 250 mL of flour. How many mL of milk does he mix with 750 mL of flour?
Work done is proportional to rate of work done when time is constant.	Yes	feasibilityQA	Context: Nolan and his friend were building a wall and both of them worked for 25 days. Their manager told that Nolan worked more in the time duration and was paid more. Nolan built the wall at the rate of 6 metre per day. Question: "The rate at which Nolan's friend built the wall could be 5 metre per day." -- Is this statement true?
To be off and running means to have begun and progressing well, but this context describes the opposite where it's not progressing and expecting a pause.	Yes	FLUTE	Context: Then it's not progressing and expecting a pause to a whole bunch of other stuff. Hypothesis: Then its off and running to a whole bunch of other stuff. Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?
Tables are used for placing objects, not as a source of light.	(1)	senmaking	Of the below sentences, which one does not make sense? (1) "table emit light." (2) "fireflies emit light."
Just because there is a kid standing and looking determined in the playground, it doesn't mean that the playground has swings, or that the child is next to the swings.	Unknown	esnli	Context: Kid standing and looking determined in the playground Hypothesis: The child is next to the swings. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?
Animals and some bacteria and fungi carry out lactic acid fermentation. Lactic acid is a waste product of this process. Our muscles perform lactic acid fermentation during strenuous exercise, since oxygen cannot be delivered to the muscles quickly enough. The buildup of lactic acid is believed to make your muscles sore after exercise. Bacteria that produce lactic acid are used to make cheese and yogurt. The lactic acid causes the proteins in milk to thicken. Lactic acid also causes tooth decay, because bacteria use the sugars in your mouth for energy.	Mark	ropes	Mark and Jerry are brothers. Mark just got done working out and returned home to find his brother laying down on the couch eating a bag of potato chips. Mark comments that Jerry should really come and work out with him some time. Jerry brushes him aside. Which person's muscles are not getting enough oxygen?
A black and brown dog can be referred to collectively as 'two dogs', the fact that they're in the snow indicates that they're outside.	No	esnli	Given the statement "A black and brown dog wearing a red coat rolls in the snow.", is the statement "There are at least two dogs outside." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown
The man is plays bagpipes, not the accordion and a woman is standing next to him, so he is not alone.	No	esnli	Given the statement "A balding man in a dark suit and maroon tie, with a mustache and beard, plays bagpipes, as a young blond woman standing next to him in a light blue crop top and skirt listens and sticks her tongue out.", what is the statement "A man plays the accordion alone." true? - Yes - No - Unknown
More UV rays increase skin cancer rates.	A	quartz	Fran stayed indoors while Geremy went in the sun. Who is less likely to get skin cancer? A: Fran B: Geremy
The brothers sit at a table with empty beer mugs and a sprinkler I understand it to be a birthday party	No	esnli	Context: Sitting at a table with beer empty beer mugs on it one brother is has a birthday cake sliced with sprinkler lit up while the younger brother is smiling with his eyes closed. Hypothesis: cant understand Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?
Two children are young or not. Children either play ice hockey or football. Football is not played on the ice.	False	esnli	Context: "Two young children skate across the ice holding hockey sticks." Claim: "Two children are playing football." Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?
Healing requires rest. Recovery takes time, rest, and good nutrition. Healing requires time.	g	qasc	What does healing require? Options: a: strategy b: food c: energy d: oxygen e: blood f: health g: time h: desire
Heidi has 12+5 = 17 nail polishes. Karen has 12-4 = 8 nail polishes. Heidi and Karen have 17+8 = 25 nail polishes together.	25	gsm8k	Kim has 12 nail polishes. Heidi has 5 more nail polishes than Kim, and Karen has 4 fewer nail polishes than Kim. How many nail polishes does Karen and Heidi have together?
Men carry a frame and getting a lap dance are totally different types of work. One is working and one is a past time.	No	esnli	Consider the statement "Two men carry a frame over a crosswalk.". Based on this "The two men are at a strip club getting a lap dance." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?
A man, who has a nose ring, stares into the camera while brushing his teeth does not necessary that is is brushing his teeth in the bathroom.	Unknown	esnli	Context: "A man, who has a nose ring, stares into the camera while brushing his teeth." Claim: "He is brushing his teeth in the bathroom." Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?
A plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis. Leaves are the sites of photosynthesis. Leaves require sunlight.	B	qasc	What requires sunlight? A: water B: leaves C: wood D: sugar E: gasoline F: animals G: Nematoda H: Jellyfish
When people RSVP for something, it is considered to be polite to actually show up for the event and not flake out and not bother to come which is exactly what happened in this case	No	FLUTE	Consider the statement "I organized an event to play flag football, but two guys didn't show up even though they rsvp'ed.". Based on this "Thrilled with how two very responsible guys who RSVP'd for the flag football game didn't bother to show up, so I was stuck with a half-baked event." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?
A group of soldiers is a military group. Also, if they are at attention, they must be quiet. It's the rules.	Yes	esnli	Given the statement "A military group stands at attention.", what is the statement "A group of soldiers are quiet." true? - Yes - No - Unknown
Vehicles like car and bicycle run on the ground. Vehicles like space shuttle travel in space.	No	feasibilityQA	Daniel in an astronaut is going to a moon on a vehicle. Q: Is it true that "The vehicle could be a car."
The power of car engine is higher than bike so car can not be slower than bike.	2	senmaking	Which of these sentences doesn't make sense? 1) "a car is faster than a bike" 2) "a car is slower than a bike"
要求$$\overline{ABFG}$$最小也就是要求$$\overline{ABCDE}$$尽量小，$$\overline{ABCDE}$$是$$2013$$的倍数，把$$\overline{ABCDE}$$看成$$\overline{AB}\left\textbar{} \overline{CDE} \right.$$，则$$\overline{CDE}$$是$$13$$的倍数，而$$\overline{CDEFG}$$是$$1221$$的倍数，把$$\overline{CDEFG}$$看成$$\overline{CDE}\left\textbar\overline{FG} \right.$$，从$$1$$倍、$$2$$倍、\ldots\ldots 变化的话，前段加$$12$$，后段加$$21$$，则每$$5$$次，$$\overline{FG}$$向$$\overline{CDE}$$进$$1$$， $$12\times n+1\times \left[ \frac{n}{5} \right]$$ 是$$13$$的倍数， $$12\times n+1\times \left[ \frac{n}{5} \right]=13n-n+\left[ \frac{n}{5} \right]$$，不难看出$$n$$最小得$$16$$， $$1221\times16=19536$$，$$195\div 13=15$$，$$2013\times 15=30195$$．	D	TAL-SCQ5K	今天是$$2013$$年$$12$$月$$21$$日，七位数$$\overline{ABCDEFG}$$恰好满足：前五位数字组成的五位数$$\overline{ABCDE}$$是$$2013$$的倍数，后五位数字组成的五位数$$\overline{CDEFG}$$是$$1221$$的倍数．那么四位数$$\overline{ABFG}$$ 的最小值是（~~~~~~ ）. A. $$1034$$ B. $$2021$$ C. $$2815$$ D. $$3036$$
Having a dinner party does not mean the family is throwing an engagement party for their only daughter.	Unknown	esnli	Consider the staetement "A family is having a dinner party in and open, white-walled kitchen.". Based on this statement, is "The family is throwing an engagement party for their only daughter." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown
"Boy is looking at the water" is a simplification of "little boy standing on beach with bucket and shovel while looking at the water".	Yes	esnli	Given the statement "A little boy is standing on the beach with a blue bucket and a green shovel while looking at the water.", is the statement "A boy is looking at the water." is true? - Yes - No - I don't know
Spilled milk can hardly be gathered up like before; in other words, what is done cannot be undone.	(B)	senmaking	Which of the following two sentences does not make sense? (A) "it's no use crying over spilled milk." (B) "it's of great use crying over spilled milk."
People involves a group, being plural and in one location. Shopping always requires perusing items. So, this is a necessary condition.	Yes	esnli	Consider the staetement "People are busy shopping at a grocery store.". Based on this statement, is "A group of people peruse items at a grocery store" a true statement? Yes/no/unknown
It is not possible to write on dew, which is basically a small amount of water.	b	senmaking	Which of the following sentences is nonsensical? a: "he writes his homework on the notebook" b: "he writes his homework on the dew"
The man could be recording the people with an audio device, and isn't necessarily holding a camera.	Unknown	esnli	Given the statement "A man in the crowd records two people covered in aluminum foil.", what is the statement "The man is holding a camera." true? - Yes - No - Unknown
Start right above point on the temperature axis and follow the red line vertically. At very low pressure, the particles of the substance are far apart from one another and the substance is in the gas state. As the pressure is increased, the particles of the substance are forced closer and closer together. Eventually the particles are pushed so close together that attractive forces cause the substance to condense into the liquid state. Continually increasing the pressure on the liquid will eventually cause the substance to solidify. For the majority of substances, the solid state is denser than the liquid state and so putting a liquid under great pressure will cause it to turn into a solid. The line segment represents the process of sublimation, where the substance changes directly from a solid to a gas. At a sufficiently low pressure, the liquid phase does not exist. The point labeled is called the triple point . The triple point is the one condition of temperature and pressure where the solid, liquid, and vapor states of a substance can all coexist at equilibrium.	State b	ropes	Context: John is learning about different states of matter. So far, he recognized three states of matter, state A, state B, and state C. State A is in solid state. State B is in liquid state, and state C is in gaseous state. He needs to learn more about their individual characteristics. Q: Which state would have higher pressure, state B or state C?
翻译：$$1000$$至$$9999$$中有多少个位数字互不相同的四位数？组数问题：千位数字有$$1\sim 9$$共$$9$$种选法，百、十、个位分别有$$9$$、$$8$$、$$7$$种选法，一共有$$9\times 9\times 8\times 7=4536$$（个）数字互不相同的四位数．	$$4536$$	TAL-SCQ5K	\textbf{2015年 AMC8 第 10 题} 1000至$$9999$$中有多少个位数字互不相同的四位数？ * $$3024$$ * $$4536$$ * $$5040$$ * $$6480$$ * $$6561$$
Two guys playing hockey as one tries to block the other from scoring into the goal does not indicate that they are on opposing teams.	I don't know	esnli	Given the statement "Two guys playing hockey as one tries to block the other from scoring into the goal.", is the statement "The men are on opposing teams." is true? - Yes - No - I don't know
A pencil drawing is usually not very colorful or bright, so this simile is saying that the world was not very colorful or bright.	No	FLUTE	Context: Through the stone, the world was a dull gray and lacked any color. Hypothesis: Through the stone, the world was like a pencil drawing . Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?
The two men do not necessarily have to be coworkers. the paper they are reading does not have to have build specs.	I don't know	esnli	Given the statement "Two men, one in a gray shirt and one in a black shirt and orange shorts wearing glasses are reading a piece of paper.", is the statement "two coworkers study build specs" is true? - Yes - No - I don't know
They cannot have identical dresses while having different dresses. One cannot be in an auditorium while being outside.	False	esnli	Context: "Two young women in identical blue dresses giving the peace sign in an auditorium." Hypothesis: The young women are wearing different dresses outside. Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown?
Landfills have a negative impact on the environment. Less garbage goes into landfills. Less garbage is better for the environment.	F	qasc	What effect would less garbage have on the environment? A) It decreases B) lowered energy cost C) an unknown effect D) no effect E) protect them F) a better effect G) reduced heat H) a worse effect

Not all boats are yachts and not all people are man. They could be any kind of people with any kind of person on it.

Unknown

esnli

Context: "The person is standing in the boat." Claim: "The yacht contains a man" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?

The number of rings in a tree trunk can be used to estimate the age of the tree. Dendrochronologist: a person who studies tree ring growth. Estimating the age of trees is done by dendrochronologists.

(4)

qasc

dendrochronologists do what with regards to tree age? Options: (1) lie about age (2) support (3) observe it (4) estimate age (5) begin age (6) focusing a lens (7) reinforce age (8) genetic diversity

You don't have to be in the NCAA to play volleyball, they might be playing at a local park or beach.

Unknown

esnli

Consider the staetement "2 girls playing volleyball, one striking the ball.". Based on this statement, is "2 girls are in the NCAA." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown

A man and woman are sitting next to each other on the beach is same as a couple sits next to each other.

Yes

esnli

Context: A man in a white t-shirt and a woman in a red top are sitting next to each other on the beach. Hypothesis: A couple sits next to each other. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?

To refer to the woman just as woman is a more general way of referring to the fact the person is woman, leaving out her age. To be able to perform a balance beam routine presupposes being on the balance beam.

Yes

esnli

Given the statement "A young woman performs a balance beam routine in front of spectators.", is the statement "A woman is on the balance beam." is true? - Yes - No - I don't know

Predators play an important role in an ecosystem. For example, if they did not exist, then a single species could become dominant over others. Grazers on a grassland keep grass from growing out of control. Predators can be keystone species . These are species that can have a large effect on the balance of organisms in an ecosystem. For example, if all of the wolves are removed from a population, then the population of deer or rabbits may increase. If there are too many deer, then they may decrease the amount of plants or grasses in the ecosystem. Decreased levels of producers may then have a detrimental effect on the whole ecosystem. In this example, the wolves would be a keystone species.

Team b

ropes

Two teams studied two types of animals: team A studied predators, while team B studied grazers. They learned a lot from this experience. Based on the above, answer the following question: Which team didn't learn that predators play an important role in an ecosystem?

Enzymes increase the rate of chemical reactions by reducing the amount of activation energy needed for reactants to start reacting. One way this can happen is modeled in the Figure below . Enzymes aren’t changed or used up in the reactions they catalyze, so they can be used to speed up the same reaction over and over again. Each enzyme is highly specific for the particular reaction is catalyzes, so enzymes are very effective. A reaction that would take many years to occur without its enzyme might occur in a split second with the enzyme. Enzymes are also very efficient, so waste products rarely form.

Lower

ropes

Keith is a physician with the city hospital. He noticed that reactions inside human body happen in different rates. He specifically noticed two cases, case A and case B. In case A enzymes were present, but in case B enzymes were not present. Based on the above, answer the following question: Would the rate of chemical reactions be higher or lower in case B than in case A?

After losing some socks, Caroline has 40 - 4 = 36 pairs of socks Caroline donates 36 * (2/3) = 24 pairs of socks to the thrift store After donating some socks, Caroline has 36 - 24 = 12 pairs of socks remaining After getting new socks, Caroline has 12 + 10 + 3 = 25 pairs of socks

25

gsm8k

Caroline has 40 pairs of socks. She loses 4 pairs of socks at the laundromat. Of the remaining pairs of socks, she donates two-thirds to the thrift store. Then she purchases 10 new pairs of socks, and she receives 3 new pairs of socks as a gift from her dad. How many pairs of socks does Caroline have in total?

Not all women are scientists, and the fact that she is leaning towards a clear container with a glowing liquid in it in no way indicates that she is looking at a chemical reaction.

Unknown

esnli

Context: A woman in a dark blouse is leaning toward a clear container on a table with some type of glowing liquid in it with a microscope in the background. Hypothesis: A scientists is looking at a chemical reaction. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?

A street with people walking and riding bicycles cannot be empty. "Street" is one. "Streets" is more than one.

No

esnli

Consider the staetement "A very bus street is shown with Asian people all around walking and riding bicycles.". Based on this statement, is "The streets seem empty today." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown

Breathing is when a gill converts from oxygen in water into oxygen in blood. Sharks breathe under water. Sharks use gills to breathe.

1

qasc

What animal uses gills to breathe? Options: 1. Shark 2. Platypus 3. salmon 4. trout 5. Whale 6. mussels 7. Crow 8. a fish

When Tate bought 2 more tickets, the total number of tickets he has increased to 32+2 = 34 tickets. Peyton has half as many tickets, meaning he has 1/2*34 = 17 tickets. Together, they have 34+17 = 51 tickets.

51

gsm8k

Tate has 32 tickets for a particular game. He then buys two more tickets for the game. His friend Peyton, who has half as many total tickets, drives with him to the game. How many tickets do Tate and Peyton have together?

A person's reaction to someone they are attracted to choosing someone else over them would usually be one of sadness or anger, so feeling really happy about it is not realistic.

False

FLUTE

Context: "Once I met this beautiful girl and she chose my best friend over me" Claim: "The fact that the most beautiful girl I have ever seen chose my best friend over me makes me insanely happy" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?

The ayes have it means that the majority has voted in favor.

No

FLUTE

Given the statement "the majority has voted in favor.", is the statement "the ayes have it." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown

Predators play an important role in an ecosystem. For example, if they did not exist, then a single species could become dominant over others. Grazers on a grassland keep grass from growing out of control. Predators can be keystone species . These are species that can have a large effect on the balance of organisms in an ecosystem. For example, if all of the wolves are removed from a population, then the population of deer or rabbits may increase. If there are too many deer, then they may decrease the amount of plants or grasses in the ecosystem. Decreased levels of producers may then have a detrimental effect on the whole ecosystem. In this example, the wolves would be a keystone species.

Species a

ropes

Context: Mike is studying the predator prey relationship. He is specifically studying three species, species A, species B, and species C. Species A is a predator; species B is the prey; and species C is a plant species that species B lives on. Mike now needs to figure out how the predator prey relationship balance the ecosystem. Question: Which species can be regarded as the keystone species, species A, species B, or species C?

Because people go to the laundromat to wash clothes.

B

senmaking

One of the following sentences is nonsensical. Which one is it? A) "i go to the museum to see paintings painted by famous artists" B) "i go to the museum to get my clothes cleaned"

Recall that air pollution is due to chemical substances and particles released into the air mainly by human actions. When most people think of air pollution, they think of the pollution outdoors. But it is just as easy to have indoor air pollution. Your home or school classroom probably doesn't get much fresh air. Sealing up your home reduces heating and cooling costs. But this also causes air pollution to stay trapped indoors. And people today usually spend a majority of their time indoors. So exposure to indoor air pollution can become a significant health risk.

Pine

ropes

Two neighboring cities had very different health related problems. Twin city had increased air pollution, their people experiencing all kinds of respiratory diseases, while Pine city had problems with age related diseases. Based on the above, answer the following question: Which city had fewer people exposed to chemical substances released into the air by human actions?

Walking in a city is not the same as walking through the woods. An African American man cannot be an Asian man.

Yes

esnli

Context: An African American man, wearing a sweatshirt and coat, walking in a city. Hypothesis: An Asian man in short sleeves walks through the woods. Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?

- A dime is circle in shape - Diameter is a measure of length through the center of a circle - Hence, the diameter of a dime is a measure of length through the center of the dime - The diameter of a dime is a measure of length through the center of the dime - A ruler is a kind of tool for measuring length - Therefore, a ruler can be used to measure the diameter of a dime So, a ruler can be used to measure the diameter of a dime

ruler

entailment_bank

Which tool is used to measure the diameter of a dime? - A ruler is a kind of tool for measuring length - A dime is circle in shape - Diameter is a measure of length through the center of a circle

A junk is a boat. Boats are sailed on open water. Carmen Electra has a fear of open water.

No

strategyqa

Does Carmen Electra own a junk?

Just because the man is standing on a pathway doesn't have to necessarily mean that he is standing on the road, because not every pathway is a road.

Unknown

esnli

Given the statement "A man with a yellow backpack is standing on a pathway.", what is the statement "Some men is standing on the road with the bag coloured yellow" true? - Yes - No - Unknown

Plants called epiphytes grow on other plants. They obtain moisture from the air and make food by photosynthesis. Most epiphytes are ferns or orchids that live in tropical or temperate rainforests (see Figure below ). Host trees provide support, allowing epiphyte plants to obtain air and sunlight high above the forest floor. Being elevated above the ground lets epiphytes get out of the shadows on the forest floor so they can get enough sunlight for photosynthesis. Being elevated may also reduce the risk of being eaten by herbivores and increase the chance of pollination by wind.

Brunt

ropes

Context: Hawk and Brunt were two colleagues studying about plants. Later on, Hawk got specialized in normal plants, while Brunt decided to learn more about epiphytes. Question: Which colleague studied more about plants that make food by photosynthesis?

The air traffic controllers were watching which means they were awake, and then it said people which is very unspecific and it says they fell asleep which means that they couldn't be watching.

No

esnli

Consider the statement "Air traffic controllers watching a runway.". Based on this "The people fell asleep." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?

The man may have dozed off while sitting up instead of laying his head on a table. He may not have even been sitting near a table.

I don't know

esnli

Context: Tired from reading his book, a young man in a striped shirt takes a nap in the library. Hypothesis: The man has his head on a table. Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)?

Just because children are sitting and standing around white tables doesn't imply they are having lunch in the cafeteria.

Unknown

esnli

Context: "A group of children in white shirts are sitting and standing around white tables in a room." Claim: "A group of children are having lunch in the cafeteria." Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?

Boys don't have to be brothers, they could be friends and muddy water is sufficient but not necessary to be a rainy day.

Unknown

esnli

Context: "Two boys playing and splashing around in muddy water." Hypothesis: Two brothers are playing on a rainy day. Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown?

The ant is too small to ride a bike.

"the ant rode the bike."

senmaking

Which of these sentences doesn't make sense? - "the ant rode the bike." - "the girl rode the bike."

People walking around a display of clothing and items does not imply a store is having a President's Day sale.

I don't know

esnli

Context: People are gathered around and walking buy a display of clothing and other items. Hypothesis: A store is having a President's Day sale. Given this context, is the hypothesis true (Yes/No/I don't know)?

Number of newborns that can die in first month = 1/10 * 300 = 30 Survived = 270 Number of newborns that can die in second month = 1/10 * 270 = 27 Survived = 243 Number of newborns that can die in third month = 1/10 * 243 = 24 Survived = 219

[a]

aqua

In a certain animal population, for each of the first 3 months of life, the probability that an animal will die during that month is 1/10. For a group of 300 newborn members of the population, approximately how many would be expected to survive the first 3 months of life? [a] 219 [b] 246 [c] 252 [d] 262 [e] 270

Two women in sunhats walk arm in arm down a city street carrying purses does not necessary that they are walking to the cafe

Unknown

esnli

Given the statement "Two women in sunhats walk arm in arm down a city street carrying purses.", what is the statement "two women are walking to the cafe" true? - Yes - No - Unknown

A convention and a boy are completely different things. A boy implies someone young and would generally not attend a convention.

No

esnli

Context: The Star Wars convention ran as scheduled. Hypothesis: A boy plays with a boat. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?

A father standing on the side of a pond fishing as his son begins to wander off with the fishing net does not imply he is fly fishing

Unknown

esnli

Context: "A father standing on the side of a pond fishing as his son begins to wander off with the fishing net." Hypothesis: The father is fly fishing Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown?

Maggots are a type of fly that lays eggs in rotting food and so seeing noodles from last night with maggots today would make anyone feel sick and disgusted.

False

FLUTE

Context: "I was super grossed out when I left some noodles in the sink last night and today there were maggots." Claim: "The sight of noodles in the sink from last night with maggots today made me feel delighted" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?

Firefighters at the scene of a car accident contradicts from Firefighters being cause of an accident.

No

esnli

Consider the statement "Emergency medical crews, firefighters, and police officers at the scene of a car accident.". Based on this "Firefighters causing an accident." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?

Excess intake of calcium may cause hypercalcaemia. However, because calcium is absorbed rather inefficiently by the intestines, high serum calcium is more likely caused by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) or possibly by excessive intake of vitamin D, both which facilitate calcium absorption. It may also be due to bone destruction that occurs when tumours metastasize within bone. All these conditions result in excess calcium salts being deposited in the heart, blood vessels, or kidneys. Symptoms include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, memory loss, confusion, muscle weakness, increased urination, dehydration, and metabolic bone disease. Chronic hypercalcaemia typically leads to calcification of soft tissue and its serious consequences: for example, calcification can cause loss of elasticity of vascular walls and disruption of laminar blood flow—and thence to plaque rupture and thrombosis. Conversely, inadequate calcium or vitamin D intakes may result in hypocalcaemia, often caused also by inadequate secretion of parathyroid hormone or defective PTH receptors in cells. Symptoms include neuromuscular excitability, which potentially causes tetany and disruption of conductivity in cardiac tissue.

Danny

ropes

Context: Two friends went to the doctor because they weren't feeling well. As it turns out Danny had a condition called hypercalcaemia, while Greg had hypocalcaemia. Question: Which friend had an excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi vary across many environmental gradients. Their tolerance to freezing and drying is known to shift between AM fungal taxa. AM fungi become less prevalent and diverse at higher soil nutrient and moisture concentrations, presumably because both plants allocate less carbon to AM fungi and AM fungi reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae in these environmental conditions. Over the long term, these environmental conditions can even create local adaptation between plant hosts, AM fungi and the local soil nutrient concentrations.

Brook

ropes

Hill town had two large forests nearby. Lake forest had trees that were in a symbiotic relationship with a large variety of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. These fungi were less prevalent in Brook forest. Based on the above, answer the following question: Which forest had more AM fungi which reallocate their resources to intraradical hyphae?

An African woman refers to a different individual than a man. One cannot be playing a tribal drum and playing the trombone simultaneously.

Yes

esnli

Given the statement "An African woman in colorful clothes playing a tribal drum.", is the statement "A man playing the trombone during a concert." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown

Group of people is another way to say some people, and to be exchanging there views mean to be having a discussion.

True

esnli

Context: "A group of people sit in a circle for a discussion." Claim: "there are some people exchanging there views" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?

A sesame seed is a flat 3 to 4 mm size seed. Wood frog eggs are globe looking masses about 2 to 5 inches in diameter.

No

strategyqa

Would a sesame seed be mistaken for a wood frog egg?

Just because the man emerging from a porta potty is Chinese does not mean he is in China. Many places can resemble China.

I don't know

esnli

Consider the statement "Chinese man coming out of blue porta potty.". Based on this "Portable potty is on the top of a mountain in China" a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?

Just because a young man jumps a bicycle off a sloped wall over a bench does not mean he is performing stunts on his bicycle for a competition.

Unknown

esnli

Context: "A young man jumps a bicycle off a sloped wall over a bench." Hypothesis: A man is performing stunts on his bicycle for a competition. Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown?

It is impossible that a man is walking by his self and also there is a woman and her husband and child simultaneously.

No

esnli

Given the statement "Here is a picture of a woman and her husband and child taking a stroll by the parking lot.", what is the statement "A man is walking by his self near a parking lot." true? - Yes - No - Unknown

Just because a man stands on his hands outside it doesn't necessarily mean he is in front of a crowd.

Unknown

esnli

Given the statement "Man in brown shirt outside standing on one hand.", is the statement "a man stands on his hands outside for a crowd" wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown

Hepatitis B is a disease of the liver. It is caused by a virus called hepatitis B, which can be passed through sexual activity. Hepatitis B causes vomiting. It also causes yellowing of the skin and eyes. The disease goes away on its own in some people. Other people are sick for the rest of their lives. In these people, the virus usually damages the liver. It may also lead to liver cancer. Medicines can help prevent liver damage in these people. There is also a vaccine to protect against hepatitis B.

Dana

ropes

Consider the following text: Dana and Sean both checked in as hepatitis B suspects, but only Sean had Hepatitis B. Dana was healthy and didn't carry the virus. Which patient didn't experience yellowing of the eyes?

Street hockey is entirely different to break dancing. Organized teams aren't made up of random people.

Yes

esnli

Given the statement "This version of street hockey is on between organized teams.", is the statement "A version of extreme break dancing is performed by random people on the street." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown

A dog running across grass wearing a purple and green coat doesn't necessarily mean the dog is competing in a dog show.

Unknown

esnli

Given the statement "a small brown dog is running across the grass wearing a purple and green coat.", is the statement "A small dog competing in a dog show" wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown

Sweat wets the skin, and when it evaporates, it cools the body. Skin is hot and red, but wet with sweat. The body is cooled after evaporation, when wet skin is hot and red.

cooled

qasc

the body is what after evaporation, when wet skin is hot and red? Options: * expelled * protected * insulated * air cools * liquid * heated * warmed * cooled

A group of some people does not necessarily mean a group of Chinese people. Being on a bus is different than walking on a street. Matching is the opposite of different.

No

esnli

Consider the staetement "A group of Chinese people on a bus wearing matching clothing.". Based on this statement, is "Some people dressed in different clothes are walking on a street." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown

A light bulb converts electrical energy into light energy when it is turned on. Lamps convert electrical energy to electromagnetic radiation or light. When a light bulb is turned on, the energy emitted is electromagnetic radiation.

light bulb

qasc

Turning on what will emit electromagnetic radiation? * vehicles * satellites * light bulb * buses * Firecrackers * sensory neurons * an object * engines

You do not know that there is more than one person present, so some people is inaccurate. Volleyball can be played at places other than the beach.

Unknown

esnli

Context: A woman in a swimsuit bumps the volleyball. Hypothesis: Some people are playing at the beach. Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?

As a cell grows, its volume increases more quickly than its surface area. If a cell was to get very large, the small surface area would not allow enough nutrients to enter the cell quickly enough for the cell’s needs. This idea is explained in Figure below . However, large cells have a way of dealing with some size challenges. Big cells, such as some white blood cells, often grow more nuclei so that they can supply enough proteins and RNA for the cell’s requirements. Large, metabolically active cells often have lots of cell protrusions, resulting in many folds throughout the membrane. These folds increase the surface area available for transport of materials into or out of the cell. Such cell types are found lining your small intestine, where they absorb nutrients from your food through protrusions called microvilli .

Cell z

ropes

There are two cells inside a Petri dish in a laboratory, cell X and cell Z. These cells are from the same organism, but have different characteristics. For example, cell Z is smaller than cell X. Furthermore, scientists studying the two cells have recorded that cell X is more metabolically active than cell Z. Which cell will have fewer folds throughout the membrane?

Wearing sunglass is a good way to protect eyes from harsh sunlight.

No

feasibilityQA

Context: Noah was out jogging on a trail. It was a sunny day and he used an item from his backpack to cover his eyes from the sun. Question: "The item could have been a T-shirt." -- Is this statement true?

A group of men painting on the street might be painting for an art walk exhibition, but they could also be doing other things, such as painting a big mural.

Unknown

esnli

Context: "A group of men paint on a series of canvasses in front of a brick wall on a public street." Claim: "The men are painting for an art walk exhibition" Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?

A father and son can not be bonding and fighting at the same time because bonding is the opposite of fighting.

Yes

esnli

Given the statement "A father and his son bonding.", is the statement "A father and his son are fighting." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown

To lay an egg means to do something very poorly, but in this context it is implied that if you perform exceptionally well, you won't live to see twenty-two.

No

FLUTE

Consider the staetement "And if you perform exceptionally well, you won't live to see twenty-two.". Based on this statement, is "And if you lay an egg, you won't live to see twenty-two." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown

90 * 10/60 = 15 kmph

1

aqua

A man purchases 8 pens for Rs.9 and sells 9 pens for Rs.8, how much profit or loss does he make? 1: 15 2: 66 3: 88 4: 1 5: 12

A black poodle with a red rope toy in its mouth does not mean that it is playing tug of war with his owner.

I don't know

esnli

Consider the statement "A black poodle with a red rope toy in its mouth.". Based on this "A black poodle with a red rope toy in its mouth is playing tug of war with his owner." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?

Just because there are two guys sitting on the floor, with the guy in the green jacket reading a piece of paper does not mean the paper is a letter they two men found under a tree.

Unknown

esnli

Consider the statement "two guys sitting on the floor, with the guy in the green jacket reading a piece of paper.". Is the statement "The man is reading a letter the two men found under a tree." false? Yes/no/unknown

'Food is sold on the street' is a simpler rephrasing of 'market sellers selling food on the street'.

No

esnli

Given the statement "There are market sellers selling food on the street.", is the statement "Food is sold on the street." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown

During the Cold War, the Arctic became a place where the United States, Canada, and the Soviet Union performed significant research that has been essential to the study of climate change in recent years. A major reason why research in the Arctic is essential for the study of climate change is because the effects of climate change will be felt more quickly and more drastically in higher latitudes of the world as above average temperatures are predicted for Northwest Canada and Alaska. From an anthropological point of view, researchers study the native Inuit peoples of Alaska as they have become extremely accustomed to adapting to ecological and climate variability.[1]

Bergen

ropes

Context: Two sister cities, located at different altitude, are affected differently by climate change. Bergen is at 60 degrees N, while Seattle is at 47 degrees N latitude. Q: Which city experienced more temperatures above average?

While the Grants were on the Galápagos, a drought occurred. As a result, fewer seeds were available for finches to eat. Birds with smaller beaks could crack open and eat only the smaller seeds. Birds with bigger beaks could crack and eat seeds of all sizes. As a result, many of the small-beaked birds died in the drought. Birds with bigger beaks survived and reproduced (see Figure below ). Within 2 years, the average beak size in the finch population increased. Evolution by natural selection had occurred.

Galapagos 1

ropes

Context: The explorers visited Galapagos 1 and Galapagos 2, both islands part of the same archipelago. Island 1 had experienced a drought in recent years. Both islands had populations of birds living there. Q: Which island had fewer seeds available for the birds to eat?

Behaviors that improve fitness increase through natural selection. Natural selection is the mechanism of evolution. Behaviors that improve fitness increase through evolution.

evolution

qasc

Behaviors that improve fitness improve through what Options: - Riding a bike - environment - reduced heat - sleep - competition - evolution - Summer - Energy

A man is a type of person. Corn on the cob is a type of food. A street vendor by definition works on the street.

No

esnli

Context: A man buying corn on the cob from a street vendor. Hypothesis: A person buys food on the street. Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?

If soccer players (plural) are playing a game of soccer, it is implied that there is a group of them.

Yes

esnli

Context: A group of soccer players after a ball. Hypothesis: Soccer players are after a ball. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?

Having no beams means not a single beam while on the other hand posing between beams means beams are present.

Yes

esnli

Given the statement "Four workers pose between beams of a house.", is the statement "there are no beams under it" wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown

Mary will spend $20 + $2 = $22. Elle and Andrea will spend $1.5 x 4 = $6 for the soda. Elle and Andrea will spend $6 + $10 = $16 for the soda and chicken wings. Elle, Andrea, and Joe together will spend $16 + $5 = $21. So, Mary will spend $22 - $21 = $1 more than all of them combined.

1

gsm8k

Four people in a law firm are planning a party. Mary will buy a platter of pasta for $20 and a loaf of bread for $2. Elle and Andrea will split the cost for buying 4 cans of soda which cost $1.50 each, and chicken wings for $10. Joe will buy a cake that costs $5. How much more will Mary spend than the rest of the firm put together?

We divide the 750 mL of flour into portions of 250 mL. We do this by calculating $750 \div 250 = 3$. Therefore, 750 mL is three portions of 250 mL. Since 50 mL of milk is required for each 250 mL of flour, then $3\times 50 = 150$ mL of milk is required in total.

$150$

competition-math

To make pizza dough, Luca mixes 50 mL of milk for every 250 mL of flour. How many mL of milk does he mix with 750 mL of flour?

Work done is proportional to rate of work done when time is constant.

Yes

feasibilityQA

Context: Nolan and his friend were building a wall and both of them worked for 25 days. Their manager told that Nolan worked more in the time duration and was paid more. Nolan built the wall at the rate of 6 metre per day. Question: "The rate at which Nolan's friend built the wall could be 5 metre per day." -- Is this statement true?

To be off and running means to have begun and progressing well, but this context describes the opposite where it's not progressing and expecting a pause.

Yes

FLUTE

Context: Then it's not progressing and expecting a pause to a whole bunch of other stuff. Hypothesis: Then its off and running to a whole bunch of other stuff. Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?

Tables are used for placing objects, not as a source of light.

(1)

senmaking

Of the below sentences, which one does *not* make sense? (1) "table emit light." (2) "fireflies emit light."

Just because there is a kid standing and looking determined in the playground, it doesn't mean that the playground has swings, or that the child is next to the swings.

Unknown

esnli

Context: Kid standing and looking determined in the playground Hypothesis: The child is next to the swings. Given this context, determine if the hypothesis is true (Yes, no, or unknown)?

Animals and some bacteria and fungi carry out lactic acid fermentation. Lactic acid is a waste product of this process. Our muscles perform lactic acid fermentation during strenuous exercise, since oxygen cannot be delivered to the muscles quickly enough. The buildup of lactic acid is believed to make your muscles sore after exercise. Bacteria that produce lactic acid are used to make cheese and yogurt. The lactic acid causes the proteins in milk to thicken. Lactic acid also causes tooth decay, because bacteria use the sugars in your mouth for energy.

Mark

ropes

Mark and Jerry are brothers. Mark just got done working out and returned home to find his brother laying down on the couch eating a bag of potato chips. Mark comments that Jerry should really come and work out with him some time. Jerry brushes him aside. Which person's muscles are not getting enough oxygen?

A black and brown dog can be referred to collectively as 'two dogs', the fact that they're in the snow indicates that they're outside.

No

esnli

Given the statement "A black and brown dog wearing a red coat rolls in the snow.", is the statement "There are at least two dogs outside." wrong? - Yes - No - Unknown

The man is plays bagpipes, not the accordion and a woman is standing next to him, so he is not alone.

No

esnli

Given the statement "A balding man in a dark suit and maroon tie, with a mustache and beard, plays bagpipes, as a young blond woman standing next to him in a light blue crop top and skirt listens and sticks her tongue out.", what is the statement "A man plays the accordion alone." true? - Yes - No - Unknown

More UV rays increase skin cancer rates.

A

quartz

Fran stayed indoors while Geremy went in the sun. Who is less likely to get skin cancer? A: Fran B: Geremy

The brothers sit at a table with empty beer mugs and a sprinkler I understand it to be a birthday party

No

esnli

Context: Sitting at a table with beer empty beer mugs on it one brother is has a birthday cake sliced with sprinkler lit up while the younger brother is smiling with his eyes closed. Hypothesis: cant understand Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?

Two children are young or not. Children either play ice hockey or football. Football is not played on the ice.

False

esnli

Context: "Two young children skate across the ice holding hockey sticks." Claim: "Two children are playing football." Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?

Healing requires rest. Recovery takes time, rest, and good nutrition. Healing requires time.

g

qasc

What does healing require? Options: a: strategy b: food c: energy d: oxygen e: blood f: health g: time h: desire

Heidi has 12+5 = 17 nail polishes. Karen has 12-4 = 8 nail polishes. Heidi and Karen have 17+8 = 25 nail polishes together.

25

gsm8k

Kim has 12 nail polishes. Heidi has 5 more nail polishes than Kim, and Karen has 4 fewer nail polishes than Kim. How many nail polishes does Karen and Heidi have together?

Men carry a frame and getting a lap dance are totally different types of work. One is working and one is a past time.

No

esnli

Consider the statement "Two men carry a frame over a crosswalk.". Based on this "The two men are at a strip club getting a lap dance." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?

A man, who has a nose ring, stares into the camera while brushing his teeth does not necessary that is is brushing his teeth in the bathroom.

Unknown

esnli

Context: "A man, who has a nose ring, stares into the camera while brushing his teeth." Claim: "He is brushing his teeth in the bathroom." Considering the context, is the claim true, false, or unknown?

A plant requires sunlight for photosynthesis. Leaves are the sites of photosynthesis. Leaves require sunlight.

B

qasc

What requires sunlight? A: water B: leaves C: wood D: sugar E: gasoline F: animals G: Nematoda H: Jellyfish

When people RSVP for something, it is considered to be polite to actually show up for the event and not flake out and not bother to come which is exactly what happened in this case

No

FLUTE

Consider the statement "I organized an event to play flag football, but two guys didn't show up even though they rsvp'ed.". Based on this "Thrilled with how two very responsible guys who RSVP'd for the flag football game didn't bother to show up, so I was stuck with a half-baked event." a true statement? Yes, no, or I don't know?

A group of soldiers is a military group. Also, if they are at attention, they must be quiet. It's the rules.

Yes

esnli

Given the statement "A military group stands at attention.", what is the statement "A group of soldiers are quiet." true? - Yes - No - Unknown

Vehicles like car and bicycle run on the ground. Vehicles like space shuttle travel in space.

No

feasibilityQA

Daniel in an astronaut is going to a moon on a vehicle. Q: Is it true that "The vehicle could be a car."

The power of car engine is higher than bike so car can not be slower than bike.

2

senmaking

Which of these sentences doesn't make sense? 1) "a car is faster than a bike" 2) "a car is slower than a bike"

要求$$\overline{ABFG}$$最小也就是要求$$\overline{ABCDE}$$尽量小，$$\overline{ABCDE}$$是$$2013$$的倍数，把$$\overline{ABCDE}$$看成$$\overline{AB}\left\textbar{} \overline{CDE} \right.$$，则$$\overline{CDE}$$是$$13$$的倍数，而$$\overline{CDEFG}$$是$$1221$$的倍数，把$$\overline{CDEFG}$$看成$$\overline{CDE}\left\textbar\overline{FG} \right.$$，从$$1$$倍、$$2$$倍、\ldots\ldots 变化的话，前段加$$12$$，后段加$$21$$，则每$$5$$次，$$\overline{FG}$$向$$\overline{CDE}$$进$$1$$， $$12\times n+1\times \left[ \frac{n}{5} \right]$$ 是$$13$$的倍数， $$12\times n+1\times \left[ \frac{n}{5} \right]=13n-n+\left[ \frac{n}{5} \right]$$，不难看出$$n$$最小得$$16$$， $$1221\times16=19536$$，$$195\div 13=15$$，$$2013\times 15=30195$$．

D

TAL-SCQ5K

今天是$$2013$$年$$12$$月$$21$$日，七位数$$\overline{ABCDEFG}$$恰好满足：前五位数字组成的五位数$$\overline{ABCDE}$$是$$2013$$的倍数，后五位数字组成的五位数$$\overline{CDEFG}$$是$$1221$$的倍数．那么四位数$$\overline{ABFG}$$ 的最小值是（~~~~~~ ）. A. $$1034$$ B. $$2021$$ C. $$2815$$ D. $$3036$$

Having a dinner party does not mean the family is throwing an engagement party for their only daughter.

Unknown

esnli

Consider the staetement "A family is having a dinner party in and open, white-walled kitchen.". Based on this statement, is "The family is throwing an engagement party for their only daughter." a true statement? Yes/no/unknown

"Boy is looking at the water" is a simplification of "little boy standing on beach with bucket and shovel while looking at the water".

Yes

esnli

Given the statement "A little boy is standing on the beach with a blue bucket and a green shovel while looking at the water.", is the statement "A boy is looking at the water." is true? - Yes - No - I don't know

Spilled milk can hardly be gathered up like before; in other words, what is done cannot be undone.

(B)

senmaking

Which of the following two sentences does not make sense? (A) "it's no use crying over spilled milk." (B) "it's of great use crying over spilled milk."

People involves a group, being plural and in one location. Shopping always requires perusing items. So, this is a necessary condition.

Yes

esnli

Consider the staetement "People are busy shopping at a grocery store.". Based on this statement, is "A group of people peruse items at a grocery store" a true statement? Yes/no/unknown

It is not possible to write on dew, which is basically a small amount of water.

b

senmaking

Which of the following sentences is nonsensical? a: "he writes his homework on the notebook" b: "he writes his homework on the dew"

The man could be recording the people with an audio device, and isn't necessarily holding a camera.

Unknown

esnli

Given the statement "A man in the crowd records two people covered in aluminum foil.", what is the statement "The man is holding a camera." true? - Yes - No - Unknown

Start right above point on the temperature axis and follow the red line vertically. At very low pressure, the particles of the substance are far apart from one another and the substance is in the gas state. As the pressure is increased, the particles of the substance are forced closer and closer together. Eventually the particles are pushed so close together that attractive forces cause the substance to condense into the liquid state. Continually increasing the pressure on the liquid will eventually cause the substance to solidify. For the majority of substances, the solid state is denser than the liquid state and so putting a liquid under great pressure will cause it to turn into a solid. The line segment represents the process of sublimation, where the substance changes directly from a solid to a gas. At a sufficiently low pressure, the liquid phase does not exist. The point labeled is called the triple point . The triple point is the one condition of temperature and pressure where the solid, liquid, and vapor states of a substance can all coexist at equilibrium.

State b

ropes

Context: John is learning about different states of matter. So far, he recognized three states of matter, state A, state B, and state C. State A is in solid state. State B is in liquid state, and state C is in gaseous state. He needs to learn more about their individual characteristics. Q: Which state would have higher pressure, state B or state C?

翻译：$$1000$$至$$9999$$中有多少个位数字互不相同的四位数？组数问题：千位数字有$$1\sim 9$$共$$9$$种选法，百、十、个位分别有$$9$$、$$8$$、$$7$$种选法，一共有$$9\times 9\times 8\times 7=4536$$（个）数字互不相同的四位数．

$$4536$$

TAL-SCQ5K

\textbf{2015年 AMC8 第 10 题} 1000至$$9999$$中有多少个位数字互不相同的四位数？ * $$3024$$ * $$4536$$ * $$5040$$ * $$6480$$ * $$6561$$

Two guys playing hockey as one tries to block the other from scoring into the goal does not indicate that they are on opposing teams.

I don't know

esnli

Given the statement "Two guys playing hockey as one tries to block the other from scoring into the goal.", is the statement "The men are on opposing teams." is true? - Yes - No - I don't know

A pencil drawing is usually not very colorful or bright, so this simile is saying that the world was not very colorful or bright.

No

FLUTE

Context: Through the stone, the world was a dull gray and lacked any color. Hypothesis: Through the stone, the world was like a pencil drawing . Is the hypothesis incorrect? (Yes, no, or unknown)?

The two men do not necessarily have to be coworkers. the paper they are reading does not have to have build specs.

I don't know

esnli

Given the statement "Two men, one in a gray shirt and one in a black shirt and orange shorts wearing glasses are reading a piece of paper.", is the statement "two coworkers study build specs" is true? - Yes - No - I don't know

They cannot have identical dresses while having different dresses. One cannot be in an auditorium while being outside.

False

esnli

Context: "Two young women in identical blue dresses giving the peace sign in an auditorium." Hypothesis: The young women are wearing different dresses outside. Based on the context, is the hypothesis true, false, or unknown?

Landfills have a negative impact on the environment. Less garbage goes into landfills. Less garbage is better for the environment.

F

qasc

What effect would less garbage have on the environment? A) It decreases B) lowered energy cost C) an unknown effect D) no effect E) protect them F) a better effect G) reduced heat H) a worse effect