id
stringlengths 8
22
| question
stringlengths 17
586
| choices
dict | answerKey
stringclasses 9
values | prompt
stringlengths 74
739
| chosen
stringlengths 14
159
| rejected
stringlengths 13
146
| text
stringlengths 91
815
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MDSA_2007_4_37 | Fossils of clam shells were found in the Appalachian Mountains. Which of these statements best explains why the clam shells were found in the Appalachian Mountains? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The mountain range was once under water.",
"Birds flying overhead dropped the clam shells.",
"Animals released the clam shells in their waste.",
"The clams lived on land before moving to water."
]
} | A | Question: Fossils of clam shells were found in the Appalachian Mountains. Which of these statements best explains why the clam shells were found in the Appalachian Mountains?
(A) The mountain range was once under water.
(B) Birds flying overhead dropped the clam shells.
(C) Animals released the clam shells in their waste.
(D) The clams lived on land before moving to water.
| Answer: (A) The mountain range was once under water. | Answer: (D) The clams lived on land before moving to water. | Question: Fossils of clam shells were found in the Appalachian Mountains. Which of these statements best explains why the clam shells were found in the Appalachian Mountains?
(A) The mountain range was once under water.
(B) Birds flying overhead dropped the clam shells.
(C) Animals released the clam shells in their waste.
(D) The clams lived on land before moving to water.
Answer: (A) The mountain range was once under water. |
Mercury_7212450 | When a formula unit of magnesium sulfide, MgS, is separated into magnesium and sulfur particles, the particles are called | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"molecules.",
"ions.",
"isotopes.",
"compounds."
]
} | B | Question: When a formula unit of magnesium sulfide, MgS, is separated into magnesium and sulfur particles, the particles are called
(A) molecules.
(B) ions.
(C) isotopes.
(D) compounds.
| Answer: (B) ions. | Answer: (D) compounds. | Question: When a formula unit of magnesium sulfide, MgS, is separated into magnesium and sulfur particles, the particles are called
(A) molecules.
(B) ions.
(C) isotopes.
(D) compounds.
Answer: (B) ions. |
Mercury_7037695 | Which action is an example of an exothermic process? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"baking bread",
"cooking an egg",
"making ice cubes",
"evaporation of water"
]
} | C | Question: Which action is an example of an exothermic process?
(A) baking bread
(B) cooking an egg
(C) making ice cubes
(D) evaporation of water
| Answer: (C) making ice cubes | Answer: (A) baking bread | Question: Which action is an example of an exothermic process?
(A) baking bread
(B) cooking an egg
(C) making ice cubes
(D) evaporation of water
Answer: (C) making ice cubes |
Mercury_SC_402055 | Which best explains why some reptiles and amphibians lay an abundance of eggs? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"It increases the population.",
"The eggs provide food for predators.",
"These animals do not have to stay with their eggs.",
"It increases the chance of some eggs surviving to hatch."
]
} | D | Question: Which best explains why some reptiles and amphibians lay an abundance of eggs?
(A) It increases the population.
(B) The eggs provide food for predators.
(C) These animals do not have to stay with their eggs.
(D) It increases the chance of some eggs surviving to hatch.
| Answer: (D) It increases the chance of some eggs surviving to hatch. | Answer: (A) It increases the population. | Question: Which best explains why some reptiles and amphibians lay an abundance of eggs?
(A) It increases the population.
(B) The eggs provide food for predators.
(C) These animals do not have to stay with their eggs.
(D) It increases the chance of some eggs surviving to hatch.
Answer: (D) It increases the chance of some eggs surviving to hatch. |
Mercury_SC_401772 | Which is the best example of recycling? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"using low energy appliances",
"washing and reusing plastic cups",
"using empty milk cartons as flower planters",
"using aluminum cans to make new products"
]
} | D | Question: Which is the best example of recycling?
(A) using low energy appliances
(B) washing and reusing plastic cups
(C) using empty milk cartons as flower planters
(D) using aluminum cans to make new products
| Answer: (D) using aluminum cans to make new products | Answer: (B) washing and reusing plastic cups | Question: Which is the best example of recycling?
(A) using low energy appliances
(B) washing and reusing plastic cups
(C) using empty milk cartons as flower planters
(D) using aluminum cans to make new products
Answer: (D) using aluminum cans to make new products |
Mercury_SC_401332 | When two objects are touching, heat is transferred from the warmer object to the cooler one by | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"radiation.",
"convection.",
"conduction.",
"insulation."
]
} | C | Question: When two objects are touching, heat is transferred from the warmer object to the cooler one by
(A) radiation.
(B) convection.
(C) conduction.
(D) insulation.
| Answer: (C) conduction. | Answer: (D) insulation. | Question: When two objects are touching, heat is transferred from the warmer object to the cooler one by
(A) radiation.
(B) convection.
(C) conduction.
(D) insulation.
Answer: (C) conduction. |
Mercury_178955 | Genes code for specifically structured | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"acids.",
"lipids.",
"sugars.",
"proteins."
]
} | D | Question: Genes code for specifically structured
(A) acids.
(B) lipids.
(C) sugars.
(D) proteins.
| Answer: (D) proteins. | Answer: (A) acids. | Question: Genes code for specifically structured
(A) acids.
(B) lipids.
(C) sugars.
(D) proteins.
Answer: (D) proteins. |
Mercury_179008 | What is the repeating monomer of a DNA molecule? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"triglyceride",
"dipeptide",
"nucleotide",
"phospholipid"
]
} | C | Question: What is the repeating monomer of a DNA molecule?
(A) triglyceride
(B) dipeptide
(C) nucleotide
(D) phospholipid
| Answer: (C) nucleotide | Answer: (D) phospholipid | Question: What is the repeating monomer of a DNA molecule?
(A) triglyceride
(B) dipeptide
(C) nucleotide
(D) phospholipid
Answer: (C) nucleotide |
Mercury_7007718 | The range of all forms of radiant energy is called the | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"video spectrum.",
"audio spectrum.",
"color spectrum.",
"electromagnetic spectrum."
]
} | D | Question: The range of all forms of radiant energy is called the
(A) video spectrum.
(B) audio spectrum.
(C) color spectrum.
(D) electromagnetic spectrum.
| Answer: (D) electromagnetic spectrum. | Answer: (C) color spectrum. | Question: The range of all forms of radiant energy is called the
(A) video spectrum.
(B) audio spectrum.
(C) color spectrum.
(D) electromagnetic spectrum.
Answer: (D) electromagnetic spectrum. |
MCAS_2004_5_24 | Which of the following is one reason that quartz is classified as a mineral? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"It can be manufactured.",
"It comes in different colors.",
"It has a specific crystal structure.",
"It can be melted at high temperatures."
]
} | C | Question: Which of the following is one reason that quartz is classified as a mineral?
(A) It can be manufactured.
(B) It comes in different colors.
(C) It has a specific crystal structure.
(D) It can be melted at high temperatures.
| Answer: (C) It has a specific crystal structure. | Answer: (B) It comes in different colors. | Question: Which of the following is one reason that quartz is classified as a mineral?
(A) It can be manufactured.
(B) It comes in different colors.
(C) It has a specific crystal structure.
(D) It can be melted at high temperatures.
Answer: (C) It has a specific crystal structure. |
MCAS_2005_5_3 | Which of the following activities is the best example of instinctive behavior in an animal? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"A dog sits when told to sit by its owner.",
"A bird avoids an insect that has a bad taste.",
"A newly hatched sea turtle walks toward the ocean.",
"A chimpanzee uses a stick to pull termites from a tree stump."
]
} | C | Question: Which of the following activities is the best example of instinctive behavior in an animal?
(A) A dog sits when told to sit by its owner.
(B) A bird avoids an insect that has a bad taste.
(C) A newly hatched sea turtle walks toward the ocean.
(D) A chimpanzee uses a stick to pull termites from a tree stump.
| Answer: (C) A newly hatched sea turtle walks toward the ocean. | Answer: (D) A chimpanzee uses a stick to pull termites from a tree stump. | Question: Which of the following activities is the best example of instinctive behavior in an animal?
(A) A dog sits when told to sit by its owner.
(B) A bird avoids an insect that has a bad taste.
(C) A newly hatched sea turtle walks toward the ocean.
(D) A chimpanzee uses a stick to pull termites from a tree stump.
Answer: (C) A newly hatched sea turtle walks toward the ocean. |
NCEOGA_2013_8_35 | If wolves prey on deer for food, what will most likely happen to the deer population if wolves are removed from an area where deer live? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The population of deer will increase.",
"The population of deer will decrease.",
"The population of deer will remain the same.",
"The population of deer will become extinct."
]
} | A | Question: If wolves prey on deer for food, what will most likely happen to the deer population if wolves are removed from an area where deer live?
(A) The population of deer will increase.
(B) The population of deer will decrease.
(C) The population of deer will remain the same.
(D) The population of deer will become extinct.
| Answer: (A) The population of deer will increase. | Answer: (B) The population of deer will decrease. | Question: If wolves prey on deer for food, what will most likely happen to the deer population if wolves are removed from an area where deer live?
(A) The population of deer will increase.
(B) The population of deer will decrease.
(C) The population of deer will remain the same.
(D) The population of deer will become extinct.
Answer: (A) The population of deer will increase. |
Mercury_7004620 | Which is a feedback mechanism the human body uses to maintain homeostasis? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"copying genetic material during cell division",
"rejecting a flu vaccine by the immune system",
"perspiring to lower the body temperature",
"learning a new behavior to survive in a new environment"
]
} | C | Question: Which is a feedback mechanism the human body uses to maintain homeostasis?
(A) copying genetic material during cell division
(B) rejecting a flu vaccine by the immune system
(C) perspiring to lower the body temperature
(D) learning a new behavior to survive in a new environment
| Answer: (C) perspiring to lower the body temperature | Answer: (D) learning a new behavior to survive in a new environment | Question: Which is a feedback mechanism the human body uses to maintain homeostasis?
(A) copying genetic material during cell division
(B) rejecting a flu vaccine by the immune system
(C) perspiring to lower the body temperature
(D) learning a new behavior to survive in a new environment
Answer: (C) perspiring to lower the body temperature |
Mercury_SC_415012 | Changes to Earth's surface can happen slowly or quickly. Which of these changes happens the most quickly? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a mountain eroding to a hill",
"a river making a delta",
"a glacier making a canyon",
"a storm moving a sandbar"
]
} | D | Question: Changes to Earth's surface can happen slowly or quickly. Which of these changes happens the most quickly?
(A) a mountain eroding to a hill
(B) a river making a delta
(C) a glacier making a canyon
(D) a storm moving a sandbar
| Answer: (D) a storm moving a sandbar | Answer: (B) a river making a delta | Question: Changes to Earth's surface can happen slowly or quickly. Which of these changes happens the most quickly?
(A) a mountain eroding to a hill
(B) a river making a delta
(C) a glacier making a canyon
(D) a storm moving a sandbar
Answer: (D) a storm moving a sandbar |
Mercury_SC_400865 | What event happens in a daily cycle? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"cliffs erode",
"rivers flood",
"volcanoes erupt",
"high and low tides"
]
} | D | Question: What event happens in a daily cycle?
(A) cliffs erode
(B) rivers flood
(C) volcanoes erupt
(D) high and low tides
| Answer: (D) high and low tides | Answer: (B) rivers flood | Question: What event happens in a daily cycle?
(A) cliffs erode
(B) rivers flood
(C) volcanoes erupt
(D) high and low tides
Answer: (D) high and low tides |
Mercury_7011218 | The burning of fossil fuels has added pollutants that contain sulfur atoms to the air. These pollutants have contributed to which of the following? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"drought",
"acid rain",
"tornadoes",
"temperature inversions"
]
} | B | Question: The burning of fossil fuels has added pollutants that contain sulfur atoms to the air. These pollutants have contributed to which of the following?
(A) drought
(B) acid rain
(C) tornadoes
(D) temperature inversions
| Answer: (B) acid rain | Answer: (A) drought | Question: The burning of fossil fuels has added pollutants that contain sulfur atoms to the air. These pollutants have contributed to which of the following?
(A) drought
(B) acid rain
(C) tornadoes
(D) temperature inversions
Answer: (B) acid rain |
Mercury_7188773 | A scientist was examining a large boulder that was covered with lichens (a combination of fungi and algae). He chipped a piece of the rock and placed it under a microscope. He observed that the surface of the rock was breaking down underneath the lichen. Which was the scientist most likely observing? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the interaction between abiotic factors",
"the effects of chemical weathering",
"the process of deposition",
"the effects of abrasion"
]
} | B | Question: A scientist was examining a large boulder that was covered with lichens (a combination of fungi and algae). He chipped a piece of the rock and placed it under a microscope. He observed that the surface of the rock was breaking down underneath the lichen. Which was the scientist most likely observing?
(A) the interaction between abiotic factors
(B) the effects of chemical weathering
(C) the process of deposition
(D) the effects of abrasion
| Answer: (B) the effects of chemical weathering | Answer: (D) the effects of abrasion | Question: A scientist was examining a large boulder that was covered with lichens (a combination of fungi and algae). He chipped a piece of the rock and placed it under a microscope. He observed that the surface of the rock was breaking down underneath the lichen. Which was the scientist most likely observing?
(A) the interaction between abiotic factors
(B) the effects of chemical weathering
(C) the process of deposition
(D) the effects of abrasion
Answer: (B) the effects of chemical weathering |
Mercury_417455 | Which organism belongs in the kingdom Protista? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"sponge",
"liverwort",
"mushroom",
"paramecium"
]
} | D | Question: Which organism belongs in the kingdom Protista?
(A) sponge
(B) liverwort
(C) mushroom
(D) paramecium
| Answer: (D) paramecium | Answer: (C) mushroom | Question: Which organism belongs in the kingdom Protista?
(A) sponge
(B) liverwort
(C) mushroom
(D) paramecium
Answer: (D) paramecium |
Mercury_7038640 | How is the structure of an atom best described? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a negative core surrounded by densely packed matter",
"a neutral core surrounded by mostly empty space",
"a positive core surrounded by mostly empty space",
"a positive core surrounded by densely packed matter"
]
} | C | Question: How is the structure of an atom best described?
(A) a negative core surrounded by densely packed matter
(B) a neutral core surrounded by mostly empty space
(C) a positive core surrounded by mostly empty space
(D) a positive core surrounded by densely packed matter
| Answer: (C) a positive core surrounded by mostly empty space | Answer: (B) a neutral core surrounded by mostly empty space | Question: How is the structure of an atom best described?
(A) a negative core surrounded by densely packed matter
(B) a neutral core surrounded by mostly empty space
(C) a positive core surrounded by mostly empty space
(D) a positive core surrounded by densely packed matter
Answer: (C) a positive core surrounded by mostly empty space |
Mercury_SC_415427 | What do producers need to make food? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"sunlight, oxygen, and carbon dioxide",
"sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide",
"water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide",
"water, oxygen, and sunlight"
]
} | B | Question: What do producers need to make food?
(A) sunlight, oxygen, and carbon dioxide
(B) sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
(C) water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide
(D) water, oxygen, and sunlight
| Answer: (B) sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide | Answer: (A) sunlight, oxygen, and carbon dioxide | Question: What do producers need to make food?
(A) sunlight, oxygen, and carbon dioxide
(B) sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
(C) water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide
(D) water, oxygen, and sunlight
Answer: (B) sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide |
Mercury_7205940 | Fish can live in lakes that are frozen because liquid water remains below the ice at the surface. Which of these describes a property of water that allows some liquid water to remain in frozen lakes? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Water can dissolve many different substances.",
"Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.",
"Water has a Mohs hardness of about 2 when it is frozen.",
"Water holds less air at higher temperatures."
]
} | B | Question: Fish can live in lakes that are frozen because liquid water remains below the ice at the surface. Which of these describes a property of water that allows some liquid water to remain in frozen lakes?
(A) Water can dissolve many different substances.
(B) Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.
(C) Water has a Mohs hardness of about 2 when it is frozen.
(D) Water holds less air at higher temperatures.
| Answer: (B) Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid. | Answer: (D) Water holds less air at higher temperatures. | Question: Fish can live in lakes that are frozen because liquid water remains below the ice at the surface. Which of these describes a property of water that allows some liquid water to remain in frozen lakes?
(A) Water can dissolve many different substances.
(B) Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.
(C) Water has a Mohs hardness of about 2 when it is frozen.
(D) Water holds less air at higher temperatures.
Answer: (B) Water is less dense as a solid than as a liquid. |
Mercury_7217508 | A certain disease of the spinal cord can be passed on from a dog to its offspring. This disease can result in the dog's muscles becoming weak, leading to paralysis. This is an example of | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"an infectious disease.",
"a respiratory disease.",
"an inherited disease.",
"an environmental disease."
]
} | C | Question: A certain disease of the spinal cord can be passed on from a dog to its offspring. This disease can result in the dog's muscles becoming weak, leading to paralysis. This is an example of
(A) an infectious disease.
(B) a respiratory disease.
(C) an inherited disease.
(D) an environmental disease.
| Answer: (C) an inherited disease. | Answer: (A) an infectious disease. | Question: A certain disease of the spinal cord can be passed on from a dog to its offspring. This disease can result in the dog's muscles becoming weak, leading to paralysis. This is an example of
(A) an infectious disease.
(B) a respiratory disease.
(C) an inherited disease.
(D) an environmental disease.
Answer: (C) an inherited disease. |
Mercury_SC_409692 | Paula determines a property of a marble using a balance and a graduated cylinder. What property is Paula most likely determining by using both tools? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"density",
"length",
"mass",
"volume"
]
} | A | Question: Paula determines a property of a marble using a balance and a graduated cylinder. What property is Paula most likely determining by using both tools?
(A) density
(B) length
(C) mass
(D) volume
| Answer: (A) density | Answer: (C) mass | Question: Paula determines a property of a marble using a balance and a graduated cylinder. What property is Paula most likely determining by using both tools?
(A) density
(B) length
(C) mass
(D) volume
Answer: (A) density |
OHAT_2007_8_37 | Why do satellites and spacecraft launched from Earth need to reach a specific speed to escape Earth's surface? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"to overcome Earth's gravitational force",
"to protect equipment from radiation",
"to break through the sound barrier",
"to avoid Earth's magnetic field"
]
} | A | Question: Why do satellites and spacecraft launched from Earth need to reach a specific speed to escape Earth's surface?
(A) to overcome Earth's gravitational force
(B) to protect equipment from radiation
(C) to break through the sound barrier
(D) to avoid Earth's magnetic field
| Answer: (A) to overcome Earth's gravitational force | Answer: (D) to avoid Earth's magnetic field | Question: Why do satellites and spacecraft launched from Earth need to reach a specific speed to escape Earth's surface?
(A) to overcome Earth's gravitational force
(B) to protect equipment from radiation
(C) to break through the sound barrier
(D) to avoid Earth's magnetic field
Answer: (A) to overcome Earth's gravitational force |
VASoL_2009_3_13 | Which of these is a nonliving part of a forest? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Tree",
"Soil",
"Worm",
"Mushroom"
]
} | B | Question: Which of these is a nonliving part of a forest?
(A) Tree
(B) Soil
(C) Worm
(D) Mushroom
| Answer: (B) Soil | Answer: (A) Tree | Question: Which of these is a nonliving part of a forest?
(A) Tree
(B) Soil
(C) Worm
(D) Mushroom
Answer: (B) Soil |
Mercury_7015558 | Which change increases the rate of a chemical reaction? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"increasing the reaction temperature",
"using larger particles of solid reactants",
"reducing the concentration of the reactants",
"adding an inhibitor to the reaction mixture"
]
} | A | Question: Which change increases the rate of a chemical reaction?
(A) increasing the reaction temperature
(B) using larger particles of solid reactants
(C) reducing the concentration of the reactants
(D) adding an inhibitor to the reaction mixture
| Answer: (A) increasing the reaction temperature | Answer: (C) reducing the concentration of the reactants | Question: Which change increases the rate of a chemical reaction?
(A) increasing the reaction temperature
(B) using larger particles of solid reactants
(C) reducing the concentration of the reactants
(D) adding an inhibitor to the reaction mixture
Answer: (A) increasing the reaction temperature |
TIMSS_2007_8_pg108 | Which characteristic is found ONLY in mammals? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"eyes that detect color",
"glands that make milk",
"skin that absorbs oxygen",
"bodies that are protected by scales"
]
} | B | Question: Which characteristic is found ONLY in mammals?
(A) eyes that detect color
(B) glands that make milk
(C) skin that absorbs oxygen
(D) bodies that are protected by scales
| Answer: (B) glands that make milk | Answer: (D) bodies that are protected by scales | Question: Which characteristic is found ONLY in mammals?
(A) eyes that detect color
(B) glands that make milk
(C) skin that absorbs oxygen
(D) bodies that are protected by scales
Answer: (B) glands that make milk |
Mercury_7013038 | The relationship between an owl and a mouse is a | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"parasite-host relationship.",
"symbiotic relationship.",
"mutualistic relationship.",
"predator-prey relationship."
]
} | D | Question: The relationship between an owl and a mouse is a
(A) parasite-host relationship.
(B) symbiotic relationship.
(C) mutualistic relationship.
(D) predator-prey relationship.
| Answer: (D) predator-prey relationship. | Answer: (C) mutualistic relationship. | Question: The relationship between an owl and a mouse is a
(A) parasite-host relationship.
(B) symbiotic relationship.
(C) mutualistic relationship.
(D) predator-prey relationship.
Answer: (D) predator-prey relationship. |
TIMSS_2007_8_pg118 | The heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries make up which organ system? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"reproductive",
"muscular",
"excretory",
"circulatory"
]
} | D | Question: The heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries make up which organ system?
(A) reproductive
(B) muscular
(C) excretory
(D) circulatory
| Answer: (D) circulatory | Answer: (A) reproductive | Question: The heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries make up which organ system?
(A) reproductive
(B) muscular
(C) excretory
(D) circulatory
Answer: (D) circulatory |
NYSEDREGENTS_2005_8_36 | Some kinds of fish live most of their lives in salt water but lay their eggs in freshwater. Their ability to survive in different environments is an example of | {
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
],
"text": [
"adaptation",
"developmental stages",
"a habit",
"selective breeding"
]
} | 1 | Question: Some kinds of fish live most of their lives in salt water but lay their eggs in freshwater. Their ability to survive in different environments is an example of
(1) adaptation
(2) developmental stages
(3) a habit
(4) selective breeding
| Answer: (1) adaptation | Answer: (3) a habit | Question: Some kinds of fish live most of their lives in salt water but lay their eggs in freshwater. Their ability to survive in different environments is an example of
(1) adaptation
(2) developmental stages
(3) a habit
(4) selective breeding
Answer: (1) adaptation |
Mercury_7083983 | Which of the following statements applies to all states of matter? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Matter takes the shape of its container.",
"Matter is made up of particles that are stationary.",
"Matter consists of tightly packed particles.",
"Matter is made up of particles called atoms."
]
} | D | Question: Which of the following statements applies to all states of matter?
(A) Matter takes the shape of its container.
(B) Matter is made up of particles that are stationary.
(C) Matter consists of tightly packed particles.
(D) Matter is made up of particles called atoms.
| Answer: (D) Matter is made up of particles called atoms. | Answer: (B) Matter is made up of particles that are stationary. | Question: Which of the following statements applies to all states of matter?
(A) Matter takes the shape of its container.
(B) Matter is made up of particles that are stationary.
(C) Matter consists of tightly packed particles.
(D) Matter is made up of particles called atoms.
Answer: (D) Matter is made up of particles called atoms. |
Mercury_7064610 | Which process in the water cycle returns water from the surface of Earth to the atmosphere? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"condensation",
"evaporation",
"precipitation",
"runoff"
]
} | B | Question: Which process in the water cycle returns water from the surface of Earth to the atmosphere?
(A) condensation
(B) evaporation
(C) precipitation
(D) runoff
| Answer: (B) evaporation | Answer: (A) condensation | Question: Which process in the water cycle returns water from the surface of Earth to the atmosphere?
(A) condensation
(B) evaporation
(C) precipitation
(D) runoff
Answer: (B) evaporation |
MCAS_2004_5_27 | Which of the following organisms have the greatest effect on an ecosystem because of the changes they make to their environment? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"bees building a hive in a hollow tree",
"wasps building a nest in a leafy bush",
"beavers building a dam across a stream",
"fish digging a burrow on a river bottom"
]
} | C | Question: Which of the following organisms have the greatest effect on an ecosystem because of the changes they make to their environment?
(A) bees building a hive in a hollow tree
(B) wasps building a nest in a leafy bush
(C) beavers building a dam across a stream
(D) fish digging a burrow on a river bottom
| Answer: (C) beavers building a dam across a stream | Answer: (D) fish digging a burrow on a river bottom | Question: Which of the following organisms have the greatest effect on an ecosystem because of the changes they make to their environment?
(A) bees building a hive in a hollow tree
(B) wasps building a nest in a leafy bush
(C) beavers building a dam across a stream
(D) fish digging a burrow on a river bottom
Answer: (C) beavers building a dam across a stream |
Mercury_SC_LBS10385 | Which inventor had the greatest impact on the development of artificial light? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Charles Darwin",
"Albert Einstein",
"Thomas Edison",
"Benjamin Franklin"
]
} | C | Question: Which inventor had the greatest impact on the development of artificial light?
(A) Charles Darwin
(B) Albert Einstein
(C) Thomas Edison
(D) Benjamin Franklin
| Answer: (C) Thomas Edison | Answer: (D) Benjamin Franklin | Question: Which inventor had the greatest impact on the development of artificial light?
(A) Charles Darwin
(B) Albert Einstein
(C) Thomas Edison
(D) Benjamin Franklin
Answer: (C) Thomas Edison |
Mercury_404608 | Mounds and ridges in the Snake Range area of Nevada are composed of boulders, sand, and gravel. These landforms were most likely formed by | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"earthquakes.",
"melting glaciers.",
"wind erosion.",
"hurricanes."
]
} | B | Question: Mounds and ridges in the Snake Range area of Nevada are composed of boulders, sand, and gravel. These landforms were most likely formed by
(A) earthquakes.
(B) melting glaciers.
(C) wind erosion.
(D) hurricanes.
| Answer: (B) melting glaciers. | Answer: (A) earthquakes. | Question: Mounds and ridges in the Snake Range area of Nevada are composed of boulders, sand, and gravel. These landforms were most likely formed by
(A) earthquakes.
(B) melting glaciers.
(C) wind erosion.
(D) hurricanes.
Answer: (B) melting glaciers. |
Mercury_7163205 | Noah studied different systems in the human body. Which best describes a function of veins in the circulatory system? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"carrying blood from the body to the heart",
"supplying nutrients from the intestines to the body",
"carrying carbon dioxide from the body to the lungs",
"passing waste materials from the blood to outside the body"
]
} | A | Question: Noah studied different systems in the human body. Which best describes a function of veins in the circulatory system?
(A) carrying blood from the body to the heart
(B) supplying nutrients from the intestines to the body
(C) carrying carbon dioxide from the body to the lungs
(D) passing waste materials from the blood to outside the body
| Answer: (A) carrying blood from the body to the heart | Answer: (D) passing waste materials from the blood to outside the body | Question: Noah studied different systems in the human body. Which best describes a function of veins in the circulatory system?
(A) carrying blood from the body to the heart
(B) supplying nutrients from the intestines to the body
(C) carrying carbon dioxide from the body to the lungs
(D) passing waste materials from the blood to outside the body
Answer: (A) carrying blood from the body to the heart |
Mercury_7219730 | A genetic mutation has caused the fur color of field mice to contrast with their environment. This type of mutation will most likely | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"benefit the mice.",
"harm the mice.",
"increase reproductive rates.",
"decrease competition for resources."
]
} | B | Question: A genetic mutation has caused the fur color of field mice to contrast with their environment. This type of mutation will most likely
(A) benefit the mice.
(B) harm the mice.
(C) increase reproductive rates.
(D) decrease competition for resources.
| Answer: (B) harm the mice. | Answer: (A) benefit the mice. | Question: A genetic mutation has caused the fur color of field mice to contrast with their environment. This type of mutation will most likely
(A) benefit the mice.
(B) harm the mice.
(C) increase reproductive rates.
(D) decrease competition for resources.
Answer: (B) harm the mice. |
Mercury_SC_408901 | Ella has several wooden blocks. When Ella holds the blocks in her hand, she feels that they are rough. Which term best describes what Ella feels? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a prediction",
"a conclusion",
"a hypothesis",
"an observation"
]
} | D | Question: Ella has several wooden blocks. When Ella holds the blocks in her hand, she feels that they are rough. Which term best describes what Ella feels?
(A) a prediction
(B) a conclusion
(C) a hypothesis
(D) an observation
| Answer: (D) an observation | Answer: (B) a conclusion | Question: Ella has several wooden blocks. When Ella holds the blocks in her hand, she feels that they are rough. Which term best describes what Ella feels?
(A) a prediction
(B) a conclusion
(C) a hypothesis
(D) an observation
Answer: (D) an observation |
Mercury_7263445 | Which is most likely a cancer treatment? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a drug that kills only very small cells",
"a drug that kills only very large cells",
"a drug that kills only slowly dividing cells",
"a drug that kills only rapidly dividing cells"
]
} | D | Question: Which is most likely a cancer treatment?
(A) a drug that kills only very small cells
(B) a drug that kills only very large cells
(C) a drug that kills only slowly dividing cells
(D) a drug that kills only rapidly dividing cells
| Answer: (D) a drug that kills only rapidly dividing cells | Answer: (C) a drug that kills only slowly dividing cells | Question: Which is most likely a cancer treatment?
(A) a drug that kills only very small cells
(B) a drug that kills only very large cells
(C) a drug that kills only slowly dividing cells
(D) a drug that kills only rapidly dividing cells
Answer: (D) a drug that kills only rapidly dividing cells |
Mercury_SC_402615 | What happens to the physical state of water when it freezes? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"expands",
"contracts",
"changes color",
"becomes warm"
]
} | A | Question: What happens to the physical state of water when it freezes?
(A) expands
(B) contracts
(C) changes color
(D) becomes warm
| Answer: (A) expands | Answer: (D) becomes warm | Question: What happens to the physical state of water when it freezes?
(A) expands
(B) contracts
(C) changes color
(D) becomes warm
Answer: (A) expands |
CSZ_2007_5_CSZ20273 | When electric current flows through the metal filament of a light bulb, electrical energy is converted to | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"heat energy only.",
"heat and light energy.",
"light and motion energy.",
"light energy only."
]
} | B | Question: When electric current flows through the metal filament of a light bulb, electrical energy is converted to
(A) heat energy only.
(B) heat and light energy.
(C) light and motion energy.
(D) light energy only.
| Answer: (B) heat and light energy. | Answer: (C) light and motion energy. | Question: When electric current flows through the metal filament of a light bulb, electrical energy is converted to
(A) heat energy only.
(B) heat and light energy.
(C) light and motion energy.
(D) light energy only.
Answer: (B) heat and light energy. |
Mercury_SC_417675 | At night, the Moon is the brightest object in the sky. Where does the Moon's light come from? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The Moon reflects light from Earth.",
"The Moon reflects light from the Sun.",
"The Moon makes light beneath its surface.",
"The Moon has rocks on its surface that glow."
]
} | B | Question: At night, the Moon is the brightest object in the sky. Where does the Moon's light come from?
(A) The Moon reflects light from Earth.
(B) The Moon reflects light from the Sun.
(C) The Moon makes light beneath its surface.
(D) The Moon has rocks on its surface that glow.
| Answer: (B) The Moon reflects light from the Sun. | Answer: (A) The Moon reflects light from Earth. | Question: At night, the Moon is the brightest object in the sky. Where does the Moon's light come from?
(A) The Moon reflects light from Earth.
(B) The Moon reflects light from the Sun.
(C) The Moon makes light beneath its surface.
(D) The Moon has rocks on its surface that glow.
Answer: (B) The Moon reflects light from the Sun. |
MSA_2012_5_44 | Strong winds have the ability to uproot large trees in a wooded area. Which of these organisms would most likely benefit from this change in a habitat? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a bee colony that needs a hive",
"a bird that needs to build a nest",
"a squirrel that needs to find shelter",
"a plant that needs sunlight to grow"
]
} | D | Question: Strong winds have the ability to uproot large trees in a wooded area. Which of these organisms would most likely benefit from this change in a habitat?
(A) a bee colony that needs a hive
(B) a bird that needs to build a nest
(C) a squirrel that needs to find shelter
(D) a plant that needs sunlight to grow
| Answer: (D) a plant that needs sunlight to grow | Answer: (B) a bird that needs to build a nest | Question: Strong winds have the ability to uproot large trees in a wooded area. Which of these organisms would most likely benefit from this change in a habitat?
(A) a bee colony that needs a hive
(B) a bird that needs to build a nest
(C) a squirrel that needs to find shelter
(D) a plant that needs sunlight to grow
Answer: (D) a plant that needs sunlight to grow |
Mercury_7191170 | Residential construction is expanding in Florida. The expansion has caused fragmentation of habitats. One of the results of the increased construction is a decrease in the number of large predators such as the coyote, black bear, and panther. Which will be the most immediate local result of this fragmentation? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"decrease in middle-sized predators",
"large predators will become extinct",
"increase in population of prey species",
"increase in population of top carnivores"
]
} | C | Question: Residential construction is expanding in Florida. The expansion has caused fragmentation of habitats. One of the results of the increased construction is a decrease in the number of large predators such as the coyote, black bear, and panther. Which will be the most immediate local result of this fragmentation?
(A) decrease in middle-sized predators
(B) large predators will become extinct
(C) increase in population of prey species
(D) increase in population of top carnivores
| Answer: (C) increase in population of prey species | Answer: (D) increase in population of top carnivores | Question: Residential construction is expanding in Florida. The expansion has caused fragmentation of habitats. One of the results of the increased construction is a decrease in the number of large predators such as the coyote, black bear, and panther. Which will be the most immediate local result of this fragmentation?
(A) decrease in middle-sized predators
(B) large predators will become extinct
(C) increase in population of prey species
(D) increase in population of top carnivores
Answer: (C) increase in population of prey species |
Mercury_SC_400189 | Which of these resources is renewable? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"natural gas",
"oil",
"coal",
"wind"
]
} | D | Question: Which of these resources is renewable?
(A) natural gas
(B) oil
(C) coal
(D) wind
| Answer: (D) wind | Answer: (A) natural gas | Question: Which of these resources is renewable?
(A) natural gas
(B) oil
(C) coal
(D) wind
Answer: (D) wind |
OHAT_2008_5_23 | Which property of air does a barometer measure? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"speed",
"pressure",
"humidity",
"temperature"
]
} | B | Question: Which property of air does a barometer measure?
(A) speed
(B) pressure
(C) humidity
(D) temperature
| Answer: (B) pressure | Answer: (D) temperature | Question: Which property of air does a barometer measure?
(A) speed
(B) pressure
(C) humidity
(D) temperature
Answer: (B) pressure |
Mercury_SC_413141 | Which measurement represents the mass of an object? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"35 centimeters",
"35 grams",
"35 liters",
"35 degrees"
]
} | B | Question: Which measurement represents the mass of an object?
(A) 35 centimeters
(B) 35 grams
(C) 35 liters
(D) 35 degrees
| Answer: (B) 35 grams | Answer: (A) 35 centimeters | Question: Which measurement represents the mass of an object?
(A) 35 centimeters
(B) 35 grams
(C) 35 liters
(D) 35 degrees
Answer: (B) 35 grams |
Mercury_7001768 | The primary function of insulin in our bodies is to | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"store fuel for later use.",
"regulate the amount of glucose in the blood.",
"increase the efficiency of fuel consumption.",
"prevent digestive bacteria from consuming glucose."
]
} | B | Question: The primary function of insulin in our bodies is to
(A) store fuel for later use.
(B) regulate the amount of glucose in the blood.
(C) increase the efficiency of fuel consumption.
(D) prevent digestive bacteria from consuming glucose.
| Answer: (B) regulate the amount of glucose in the blood. | Answer: (D) prevent digestive bacteria from consuming glucose. | Question: The primary function of insulin in our bodies is to
(A) store fuel for later use.
(B) regulate the amount of glucose in the blood.
(C) increase the efficiency of fuel consumption.
(D) prevent digestive bacteria from consuming glucose.
Answer: (B) regulate the amount of glucose in the blood. |
Mercury_7032813 | Which type of organism is the best at fixing nitrogen? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"bacteria",
"fungi",
"protists",
"animals"
]
} | A | Question: Which type of organism is the best at fixing nitrogen?
(A) bacteria
(B) fungi
(C) protists
(D) animals
| Answer: (A) bacteria | Answer: (D) animals | Question: Which type of organism is the best at fixing nitrogen?
(A) bacteria
(B) fungi
(C) protists
(D) animals
Answer: (A) bacteria |
Mercury_SC_401599 | A scientist studies how weathering and erosion can change the shape of a mountain. The scientist needs to collect information over what period of time to gather the most accurate information? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"days",
"weeks",
"months",
"years"
]
} | D | Question: A scientist studies how weathering and erosion can change the shape of a mountain. The scientist needs to collect information over what period of time to gather the most accurate information?
(A) days
(B) weeks
(C) months
(D) years
| Answer: (D) years | Answer: (C) months | Question: A scientist studies how weathering and erosion can change the shape of a mountain. The scientist needs to collect information over what period of time to gather the most accurate information?
(A) days
(B) weeks
(C) months
(D) years
Answer: (D) years |
Mercury_7219765 | Many types of organisms live in a meadow. With the introduction of a large, swift-moving predator into the meadow ecosystem, which group of organisms will MOST likely have an advantage of surviving and reproducing? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"mice that have the thickest fur",
"foxes that have the largest ears",
"gophers that dig the deepest holes",
"rabbits that can run the fastest"
]
} | D | Question: Many types of organisms live in a meadow. With the introduction of a large, swift-moving predator into the meadow ecosystem, which group of organisms will MOST likely have an advantage of surviving and reproducing?
(A) mice that have the thickest fur
(B) foxes that have the largest ears
(C) gophers that dig the deepest holes
(D) rabbits that can run the fastest
| Answer: (D) rabbits that can run the fastest | Answer: (B) foxes that have the largest ears | Question: Many types of organisms live in a meadow. With the introduction of a large, swift-moving predator into the meadow ecosystem, which group of organisms will MOST likely have an advantage of surviving and reproducing?
(A) mice that have the thickest fur
(B) foxes that have the largest ears
(C) gophers that dig the deepest holes
(D) rabbits that can run the fastest
Answer: (D) rabbits that can run the fastest |
Mercury_SC_409886 | The systems of the human body work together. Which system works with the skeletal system by pulling on the bones to create movement? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"digestive",
"circulatory",
"muscular",
"nervous"
]
} | C | Question: The systems of the human body work together. Which system works with the skeletal system by pulling on the bones to create movement?
(A) digestive
(B) circulatory
(C) muscular
(D) nervous
| Answer: (C) muscular | Answer: (D) nervous | Question: The systems of the human body work together. Which system works with the skeletal system by pulling on the bones to create movement?
(A) digestive
(B) circulatory
(C) muscular
(D) nervous
Answer: (C) muscular |
Mercury_7270183 | Scientists Stanley Miller and Harold Urey sealed water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen in a flask, to simulate Earth's early environment. They exposed the chemicals to electric charges to simulate lighting. What did the process produce? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"bacteria",
"nucleic acids",
"viruses",
"amino acids"
]
} | D | Question: Scientists Stanley Miller and Harold Urey sealed water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen in a flask, to simulate Earth's early environment. They exposed the chemicals to electric charges to simulate lighting. What did the process produce?
(A) bacteria
(B) nucleic acids
(C) viruses
(D) amino acids
| Answer: (D) amino acids | Answer: (B) nucleic acids | Question: Scientists Stanley Miller and Harold Urey sealed water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen in a flask, to simulate Earth's early environment. They exposed the chemicals to electric charges to simulate lighting. What did the process produce?
(A) bacteria
(B) nucleic acids
(C) viruses
(D) amino acids
Answer: (D) amino acids |
NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_24 | Many birds fly south for the winter. This adaptation is called | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"hibernation",
"germination",
"migration",
"communication"
]
} | C | Question: Many birds fly south for the winter. This adaptation is called
(A) hibernation
(B) germination
(C) migration
(D) communication
| Answer: (C) migration | Answer: (D) communication | Question: Many birds fly south for the winter. This adaptation is called
(A) hibernation
(B) germination
(C) migration
(D) communication
Answer: (C) migration |
TIMSS_1995_8_O12 | Air is made up of many gases. Which gas is found in the greatest amount? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Nitrogen",
"Oxygen",
"Carbon dioxide",
"Hydrogen"
]
} | A | Question: Air is made up of many gases. Which gas is found in the greatest amount?
(A) Nitrogen
(B) Oxygen
(C) Carbon dioxide
(D) Hydrogen
| Answer: (A) Nitrogen | Answer: (B) Oxygen | Question: Air is made up of many gases. Which gas is found in the greatest amount?
(A) Nitrogen
(B) Oxygen
(C) Carbon dioxide
(D) Hydrogen
Answer: (A) Nitrogen |
Mercury_7185605 | Biotic forces can cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which is the best example of living organisms causing weathering? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Beavers building a dam across a stream.",
"Cattle walking and grazing in a grassland.",
"Salmon making nests for their eggs in a stream.",
"Tree seedlings growing and forming cracks in rocks."
]
} | D | Question: Biotic forces can cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which is the best example of living organisms causing weathering?
(A) Beavers building a dam across a stream.
(B) Cattle walking and grazing in a grassland.
(C) Salmon making nests for their eggs in a stream.
(D) Tree seedlings growing and forming cracks in rocks.
| Answer: (D) Tree seedlings growing and forming cracks in rocks. | Answer: (C) Salmon making nests for their eggs in a stream. | Question: Biotic forces can cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which is the best example of living organisms causing weathering?
(A) Beavers building a dam across a stream.
(B) Cattle walking and grazing in a grassland.
(C) Salmon making nests for their eggs in a stream.
(D) Tree seedlings growing and forming cracks in rocks.
Answer: (D) Tree seedlings growing and forming cracks in rocks. |
CSZ10244 | The digestion process begins in which of the following? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"large intestine",
"mouth",
"small intestine",
"stomach"
]
} | B | Question: The digestion process begins in which of the following?
(A) large intestine
(B) mouth
(C) small intestine
(D) stomach
| Answer: (B) mouth | Answer: (D) stomach | Question: The digestion process begins in which of the following?
(A) large intestine
(B) mouth
(C) small intestine
(D) stomach
Answer: (B) mouth |
Mercury_7222705 | Certain fossils can be used to help determine the age of the rock layer in which the fossils are found. Which type of fossil is best to use when making this determination? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"marine mammal fossil",
"swamp fern fossil",
"trace fossil",
"index fossil"
]
} | D | Question: Certain fossils can be used to help determine the age of the rock layer in which the fossils are found. Which type of fossil is best to use when making this determination?
(A) marine mammal fossil
(B) swamp fern fossil
(C) trace fossil
(D) index fossil
| Answer: (D) index fossil | Answer: (C) trace fossil | Question: Certain fossils can be used to help determine the age of the rock layer in which the fossils are found. Which type of fossil is best to use when making this determination?
(A) marine mammal fossil
(B) swamp fern fossil
(C) trace fossil
(D) index fossil
Answer: (D) index fossil |
MCAS_1999_8_8 | In pea plants, tall is dominant over short. What size pea plants will result when a pure tall plant is crossed with a pure short plant? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"middle-sized plants",
"short plants",
"tall plants",
"some tall and some short plants"
]
} | C | Question: In pea plants, tall is dominant over short. What size pea plants will result when a pure tall plant is crossed with a pure short plant?
(A) middle-sized plants
(B) short plants
(C) tall plants
(D) some tall and some short plants
| Answer: (C) tall plants | Answer: (B) short plants | Question: In pea plants, tall is dominant over short. What size pea plants will result when a pure tall plant is crossed with a pure short plant?
(A) middle-sized plants
(B) short plants
(C) tall plants
(D) some tall and some short plants
Answer: (C) tall plants |
NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_21 | One way animals usually respond to a sudden drop in temperature is by | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"sweating",
"shivering",
"blinking",
"salivating"
]
} | B | Question: One way animals usually respond to a sudden drop in temperature is by
(A) sweating
(B) shivering
(C) blinking
(D) salivating
| Answer: (B) shivering | Answer: (A) sweating | Question: One way animals usually respond to a sudden drop in temperature is by
(A) sweating
(B) shivering
(C) blinking
(D) salivating
Answer: (B) shivering |
Mercury_7068443 | The continental crust floats on top of the mantle because the crust is | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"less dense than the mantle.",
"made of a liquid material.",
"made up of oxygen which is a light element.",
"separated from the mantle by a layer of water."
]
} | A | Question: The continental crust floats on top of the mantle because the crust is
(A) less dense than the mantle.
(B) made of a liquid material.
(C) made up of oxygen which is a light element.
(D) separated from the mantle by a layer of water.
| Answer: (A) less dense than the mantle. | Answer: (D) separated from the mantle by a layer of water. | Question: The continental crust floats on top of the mantle because the crust is
(A) less dense than the mantle.
(B) made of a liquid material.
(C) made up of oxygen which is a light element.
(D) separated from the mantle by a layer of water.
Answer: (A) less dense than the mantle. |
Mercury_7145303 | Joanne wants to investigate factors that affect different patterns of the flight of bees. Which step in the scientific method must she follow before forming a hypothesis? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"record data of numbers of bees",
"measure the distances of bee flights",
"draw a conclusion about when bees fly",
"gather information about flight patterns"
]
} | D | Question: Joanne wants to investigate factors that affect different patterns of the flight of bees. Which step in the scientific method must she follow before forming a hypothesis?
(A) record data of numbers of bees
(B) measure the distances of bee flights
(C) draw a conclusion about when bees fly
(D) gather information about flight patterns
| Answer: (D) gather information about flight patterns | Answer: (C) draw a conclusion about when bees fly | Question: Joanne wants to investigate factors that affect different patterns of the flight of bees. Which step in the scientific method must she follow before forming a hypothesis?
(A) record data of numbers of bees
(B) measure the distances of bee flights
(C) draw a conclusion about when bees fly
(D) gather information about flight patterns
Answer: (D) gather information about flight patterns |
Mercury_7262815 | Which set contains kingdoms that contain only heterotrophs? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Protists, Fungi",
"Bacteria, Animals",
"Plants, Fungi",
"Animals, Fungi"
]
} | D | Question: Which set contains kingdoms that contain only heterotrophs?
(A) Protists, Fungi
(B) Bacteria, Animals
(C) Plants, Fungi
(D) Animals, Fungi
| Answer: (D) Animals, Fungi | Answer: (C) Plants, Fungi | Question: Which set contains kingdoms that contain only heterotrophs?
(A) Protists, Fungi
(B) Bacteria, Animals
(C) Plants, Fungi
(D) Animals, Fungi
Answer: (D) Animals, Fungi |
MSA_2015_8_7 | Chromosomes contain the genetic information of an organism. Fruit flies reproduce by sexual reproduction. Most of the cells of a fruit fly have 8 chromosomes. Which statement best explains the source of the chromosomes in a normal fertilized fruit fly egg? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The egg cell contains all 8 chromosomes.",
"The sperm cell contains all 8 chromosomes.",
"The sperm cell provides 4 chromosomes and the egg cell provides 4 chromosomes.",
"The egg cell provides 4 chromosomes and 4 sperm cells each provide 1 chromosome."
]
} | C | Question: Chromosomes contain the genetic information of an organism. Fruit flies reproduce by sexual reproduction. Most of the cells of a fruit fly have 8 chromosomes. Which statement best explains the source of the chromosomes in a normal fertilized fruit fly egg?
(A) The egg cell contains all 8 chromosomes.
(B) The sperm cell contains all 8 chromosomes.
(C) The sperm cell provides 4 chromosomes and the egg cell provides 4 chromosomes.
(D) The egg cell provides 4 chromosomes and 4 sperm cells each provide 1 chromosome.
| Answer: (C) The sperm cell provides 4 chromosomes and the egg cell provides 4 chromosomes. | Answer: (D) The egg cell provides 4 chromosomes and 4 sperm cells each provide 1 chromosome. | Question: Chromosomes contain the genetic information of an organism. Fruit flies reproduce by sexual reproduction. Most of the cells of a fruit fly have 8 chromosomes. Which statement best explains the source of the chromosomes in a normal fertilized fruit fly egg?
(A) The egg cell contains all 8 chromosomes.
(B) The sperm cell contains all 8 chromosomes.
(C) The sperm cell provides 4 chromosomes and the egg cell provides 4 chromosomes.
(D) The egg cell provides 4 chromosomes and 4 sperm cells each provide 1 chromosome.
Answer: (C) The sperm cell provides 4 chromosomes and the egg cell provides 4 chromosomes. |
MCAS_2005_5_36 | Which weather instrument measures air pressure? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"thermometer",
"anemometer",
"rain gauge",
"barometer"
]
} | D | Question: Which weather instrument measures air pressure?
(A) thermometer
(B) anemometer
(C) rain gauge
(D) barometer
| Answer: (D) barometer | Answer: (A) thermometer | Question: Which weather instrument measures air pressure?
(A) thermometer
(B) anemometer
(C) rain gauge
(D) barometer
Answer: (D) barometer |
Mercury_SC_407501 | A volcano under the ocean slowly releases lava over time. As the lava is released, it cools and hardens on the ocean floor. Which feature will most likely form from the release and cooling of the lava on the ocean floor over time? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a fault",
"an island",
"a reef",
"a sandbar"
]
} | B | Question: A volcano under the ocean slowly releases lava over time. As the lava is released, it cools and hardens on the ocean floor. Which feature will most likely form from the release and cooling of the lava on the ocean floor over time?
(A) a fault
(B) an island
(C) a reef
(D) a sandbar
| Answer: (B) an island | Answer: (A) a fault | Question: A volcano under the ocean slowly releases lava over time. As the lava is released, it cools and hardens on the ocean floor. Which feature will most likely form from the release and cooling of the lava on the ocean floor over time?
(A) a fault
(B) an island
(C) a reef
(D) a sandbar
Answer: (B) an island |
NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_20 | The main function of a duck's webbed feet is to help the duck | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"make noise",
"protect itself",
"swim in water",
"find a mate"
]
} | C | Question: The main function of a duck's webbed feet is to help the duck
(A) make noise
(B) protect itself
(C) swim in water
(D) find a mate
| Answer: (C) swim in water | Answer: (B) protect itself | Question: The main function of a duck's webbed feet is to help the duck
(A) make noise
(B) protect itself
(C) swim in water
(D) find a mate
Answer: (C) swim in water |
Mercury_SC_413079 | Which is a quick process that can form new land near an ocean? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"earthquake",
"landslide",
"volcano erupting",
"weathering from waves"
]
} | C | Question: Which is a quick process that can form new land near an ocean?
(A) earthquake
(B) landslide
(C) volcano erupting
(D) weathering from waves
| Answer: (C) volcano erupting | Answer: (A) earthquake | Question: Which is a quick process that can form new land near an ocean?
(A) earthquake
(B) landslide
(C) volcano erupting
(D) weathering from waves
Answer: (C) volcano erupting |
Mercury_7271600 | Which of these features of Earth's crust are caused by the shifting of tectonic plates? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"mid-ocean ridges",
"desert sand dunes",
"U-shaped valleys",
"continental shelves"
]
} | A | Question: Which of these features of Earth's crust are caused by the shifting of tectonic plates?
(A) mid-ocean ridges
(B) desert sand dunes
(C) U-shaped valleys
(D) continental shelves
| Answer: (A) mid-ocean ridges | Answer: (D) continental shelves | Question: Which of these features of Earth's crust are caused by the shifting of tectonic plates?
(A) mid-ocean ridges
(B) desert sand dunes
(C) U-shaped valleys
(D) continental shelves
Answer: (A) mid-ocean ridges |
MCAS_1998_4_18 | Which of the following helps the leaves break down after they have fallen off the tree? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"meat-eaters",
"rocks",
"decomposers",
"cold temperatures"
]
} | C | Question: Which of the following helps the leaves break down after they have fallen off the tree?
(A) meat-eaters
(B) rocks
(C) decomposers
(D) cold temperatures
| Answer: (C) decomposers | Answer: (B) rocks | Question: Which of the following helps the leaves break down after they have fallen off the tree?
(A) meat-eaters
(B) rocks
(C) decomposers
(D) cold temperatures
Answer: (C) decomposers |
Mercury_182245 | Where are proteins synthesized? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"mitochondria",
"ribosomes",
"centrioles",
"lysosomes"
]
} | B | Question: Where are proteins synthesized?
(A) mitochondria
(B) ribosomes
(C) centrioles
(D) lysosomes
| Answer: (B) ribosomes | Answer: (A) mitochondria | Question: Where are proteins synthesized?
(A) mitochondria
(B) ribosomes
(C) centrioles
(D) lysosomes
Answer: (B) ribosomes |
Mercury_7213150 | When compared to current average conditions, which term would best describe conditions in Earth's lower atmosphere if greenhouse gases were absent? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"denser",
"cooler",
"wetter",
"cloudier"
]
} | B | Question: When compared to current average conditions, which term would best describe conditions in Earth's lower atmosphere if greenhouse gases were absent?
(A) denser
(B) cooler
(C) wetter
(D) cloudier
| Answer: (B) cooler | Answer: (D) cloudier | Question: When compared to current average conditions, which term would best describe conditions in Earth's lower atmosphere if greenhouse gases were absent?
(A) denser
(B) cooler
(C) wetter
(D) cloudier
Answer: (B) cooler |
Mercury_7152810 | Plumes of water vapor have been observed rising from the southern polar region of Enceladus, one of the moons of Saturn. A team of scientists proposed an explanation for the plumes and developed a model. They also published calculations based on their model. These calculations would most likely be used for which purpose in future research? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"testing the hypothesis",
"evaluating similar events",
"mapping routes for exploration",
"checking the validity of observations"
]
} | B | Question: Plumes of water vapor have been observed rising from the southern polar region of Enceladus, one of the moons of Saturn. A team of scientists proposed an explanation for the plumes and developed a model. They also published calculations based on their model. These calculations would most likely be used for which purpose in future research?
(A) testing the hypothesis
(B) evaluating similar events
(C) mapping routes for exploration
(D) checking the validity of observations
| Answer: (B) evaluating similar events | Answer: (D) checking the validity of observations | Question: Plumes of water vapor have been observed rising from the southern polar region of Enceladus, one of the moons of Saturn. A team of scientists proposed an explanation for the plumes and developed a model. They also published calculations based on their model. These calculations would most likely be used for which purpose in future research?
(A) testing the hypothesis
(B) evaluating similar events
(C) mapping routes for exploration
(D) checking the validity of observations
Answer: (B) evaluating similar events |
VASoL_2007_3_16 | If water gets into the crack of a rock and then freezes, the rock will MOST likely | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"break apart",
"be able to float",
"become larger",
"change colors"
]
} | A | Question: If water gets into the crack of a rock and then freezes, the rock will MOST likely
(A) break apart
(B) be able to float
(C) become larger
(D) change colors
| Answer: (A) break apart | Answer: (C) become larger | Question: If water gets into the crack of a rock and then freezes, the rock will MOST likely
(A) break apart
(B) be able to float
(C) become larger
(D) change colors
Answer: (A) break apart |
Mercury_7041020 | Which organisms form the base of all ecosystems? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"scavengers",
"producers",
"consumers",
"decomposers"
]
} | B | Question: Which organisms form the base of all ecosystems?
(A) scavengers
(B) producers
(C) consumers
(D) decomposers
| Answer: (B) producers | Answer: (C) consumers | Question: Which organisms form the base of all ecosystems?
(A) scavengers
(B) producers
(C) consumers
(D) decomposers
Answer: (B) producers |
Mercury_SC_410898 | Martin is writing a report for science class about how the tilt of Earth affects living organisms. Which subject should Martin include in his report that is directly affected by Earth's tilt? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"night and day",
"cloud formation",
"phases of the Moon",
"changing of the seasons"
]
} | D | Question: Martin is writing a report for science class about how the tilt of Earth affects living organisms. Which subject should Martin include in his report that is directly affected by Earth's tilt?
(A) night and day
(B) cloud formation
(C) phases of the Moon
(D) changing of the seasons
| Answer: (D) changing of the seasons | Answer: (A) night and day | Question: Martin is writing a report for science class about how the tilt of Earth affects living organisms. Which subject should Martin include in his report that is directly affected by Earth's tilt?
(A) night and day
(B) cloud formation
(C) phases of the Moon
(D) changing of the seasons
Answer: (D) changing of the seasons |
Mercury_405470 | In what way do transit systems, such as buses, benefit society? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"by reducing the amount of pollution",
"by increasing the number of car sales",
"by increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air",
"by eliminating the possibility of accidents"
]
} | A | Question: In what way do transit systems, such as buses, benefit society?
(A) by reducing the amount of pollution
(B) by increasing the number of car sales
(C) by increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air
(D) by eliminating the possibility of accidents
| Answer: (A) by reducing the amount of pollution | Answer: (D) by eliminating the possibility of accidents | Question: In what way do transit systems, such as buses, benefit society?
(A) by reducing the amount of pollution
(B) by increasing the number of car sales
(C) by increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air
(D) by eliminating the possibility of accidents
Answer: (A) by reducing the amount of pollution |
Mercury_7026793 | Increased nutrient levels in lakes can cause ecological changes that result in the death of many fish. At what point in the hydrological cycle are most nutrients deposited into lakes? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"runoff",
"evaporation",
"precipitation",
"transpiration"
]
} | A | Question: Increased nutrient levels in lakes can cause ecological changes that result in the death of many fish. At what point in the hydrological cycle are most nutrients deposited into lakes?
(A) runoff
(B) evaporation
(C) precipitation
(D) transpiration
| Answer: (A) runoff | Answer: (C) precipitation | Question: Increased nutrient levels in lakes can cause ecological changes that result in the death of many fish. At what point in the hydrological cycle are most nutrients deposited into lakes?
(A) runoff
(B) evaporation
(C) precipitation
(D) transpiration
Answer: (A) runoff |
Mercury_7271408 | Which of these cell parts contain instructions for the passage of traits from one generation to the next? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"cell membrane",
"Golgi apparatus",
"chromosomes",
"endoplasmic reticulum"
]
} | C | Question: Which of these cell parts contain instructions for the passage of traits from one generation to the next?
(A) cell membrane
(B) Golgi apparatus
(C) chromosomes
(D) endoplasmic reticulum
| Answer: (C) chromosomes | Answer: (A) cell membrane | Question: Which of these cell parts contain instructions for the passage of traits from one generation to the next?
(A) cell membrane
(B) Golgi apparatus
(C) chromosomes
(D) endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: (C) chromosomes |
Mercury_SC_407066 | Which action causes a chemical change? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"leaves dropping from a tree",
"leaves blowing in the wind",
"leaves being burned in a fire",
"leaves being crushed into pieces"
]
} | C | Question: Which action causes a chemical change?
(A) leaves dropping from a tree
(B) leaves blowing in the wind
(C) leaves being burned in a fire
(D) leaves being crushed into pieces
| Answer: (C) leaves being burned in a fire | Answer: (B) leaves blowing in the wind | Question: Which action causes a chemical change?
(A) leaves dropping from a tree
(B) leaves blowing in the wind
(C) leaves being burned in a fire
(D) leaves being crushed into pieces
Answer: (C) leaves being burned in a fire |
Mercury_402343 | Which type of organism would most likely benefit directly from increased levels of CO_{2}? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"fish",
"bird",
"tree",
"mushroom"
]
} | C | Question: Which type of organism would most likely benefit directly from increased levels of CO_{2}?
(A) fish
(B) bird
(C) tree
(D) mushroom
| Answer: (C) tree | Answer: (B) bird | Question: Which type of organism would most likely benefit directly from increased levels of CO_{2}?
(A) fish
(B) bird
(C) tree
(D) mushroom
Answer: (C) tree |
Mercury_7084613 | When the lighted half of the Moon faces the Sun and the dark half faces Earth, the phase of the Moon viewed from Earth is called the | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"full moon.",
"new moon.",
"waxing moon.",
"waning moon."
]
} | B | Question: When the lighted half of the Moon faces the Sun and the dark half faces Earth, the phase of the Moon viewed from Earth is called the
(A) full moon.
(B) new moon.
(C) waxing moon.
(D) waning moon.
| Answer: (B) new moon. | Answer: (A) full moon. | Question: When the lighted half of the Moon faces the Sun and the dark half faces Earth, the phase of the Moon viewed from Earth is called the
(A) full moon.
(B) new moon.
(C) waxing moon.
(D) waning moon.
Answer: (B) new moon. |
Mercury_7100503 | The flower petals of a hydrangea plant change color as the acidity of the soil changes. The color changes are directly related to which factor? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"gravitropism",
"photosynthesis",
"geographic location",
"environmental conditions"
]
} | D | Question: The flower petals of a hydrangea plant change color as the acidity of the soil changes. The color changes are directly related to which factor?
(A) gravitropism
(B) photosynthesis
(C) geographic location
(D) environmental conditions
| Answer: (D) environmental conditions | Answer: (C) geographic location | Question: The flower petals of a hydrangea plant change color as the acidity of the soil changes. The color changes are directly related to which factor?
(A) gravitropism
(B) photosynthesis
(C) geographic location
(D) environmental conditions
Answer: (D) environmental conditions |
Mercury_7267750 | What is significant about the discovery of water on Mars? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"It proves there is life on Mars.",
"It provides evidence there may be life on Mars.",
"It proves there was an advanced civilization on Mars.",
"It provides evidence of an advanced civilization on Mars."
]
} | B | Question: What is significant about the discovery of water on Mars?
(A) It proves there is life on Mars.
(B) It provides evidence there may be life on Mars.
(C) It proves there was an advanced civilization on Mars.
(D) It provides evidence of an advanced civilization on Mars.
| Answer: (B) It provides evidence there may be life on Mars. | Answer: (A) It proves there is life on Mars. | Question: What is significant about the discovery of water on Mars?
(A) It proves there is life on Mars.
(B) It provides evidence there may be life on Mars.
(C) It proves there was an advanced civilization on Mars.
(D) It provides evidence of an advanced civilization on Mars.
Answer: (B) It provides evidence there may be life on Mars. |
AKDE&ED_2008_4_43 | A teacher places an item in a box. The item takes the shape of the entire container. This item is most likely | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"air.",
"milk.",
"water.",
"paint."
]
} | A | Question: A teacher places an item in a box. The item takes the shape of the entire container. This item is most likely
(A) air.
(B) milk.
(C) water.
(D) paint.
| Answer: (A) air. | Answer: (C) water. | Question: A teacher places an item in a box. The item takes the shape of the entire container. This item is most likely
(A) air.
(B) milk.
(C) water.
(D) paint.
Answer: (A) air. |
NYSEDREGENTS_2006_4_28 | In New York State, the shortest period of daylight occurs during which month? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"December",
"June",
"March",
"September"
]
} | A | Question: In New York State, the shortest period of daylight occurs during which month?
(A) December
(B) June
(C) March
(D) September
| Answer: (A) December | Answer: (C) March | Question: In New York State, the shortest period of daylight occurs during which month?
(A) December
(B) June
(C) March
(D) September
Answer: (A) December |
MCAS_2003_5_24 | During which of the processes below does water vapor change to liquid water? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"melting",
"freezing",
"evaporation",
"condensation"
]
} | D | Question: During which of the processes below does water vapor change to liquid water?
(A) melting
(B) freezing
(C) evaporation
(D) condensation
| Answer: (D) condensation | Answer: (C) evaporation | Question: During which of the processes below does water vapor change to liquid water?
(A) melting
(B) freezing
(C) evaporation
(D) condensation
Answer: (D) condensation |
MCAS_1999_8_2 | Which technological advancement has done the most to improve the accuracy of weather predictions? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"barometer",
"weather balloons",
"anemometer",
"satellites"
]
} | D | Question: Which technological advancement has done the most to improve the accuracy of weather predictions?
(A) barometer
(B) weather balloons
(C) anemometer
(D) satellites
| Answer: (D) satellites | Answer: (B) weather balloons | Question: Which technological advancement has done the most to improve the accuracy of weather predictions?
(A) barometer
(B) weather balloons
(C) anemometer
(D) satellites
Answer: (D) satellites |
Mercury_7064715 | An important rule for students to know when heating a test tube is to | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"place a cork in the mouth of the test tube.",
"point the mouth of the test tube away from others.",
"hold the test tube loosely with the fingertips.",
"shake the test tube forcefully to keep contents mixed."
]
} | B | Question: An important rule for students to know when heating a test tube is to
(A) place a cork in the mouth of the test tube.
(B) point the mouth of the test tube away from others.
(C) hold the test tube loosely with the fingertips.
(D) shake the test tube forcefully to keep contents mixed.
| Answer: (B) point the mouth of the test tube away from others. | Answer: (A) place a cork in the mouth of the test tube. | Question: An important rule for students to know when heating a test tube is to
(A) place a cork in the mouth of the test tube.
(B) point the mouth of the test tube away from others.
(C) hold the test tube loosely with the fingertips.
(D) shake the test tube forcefully to keep contents mixed.
Answer: (B) point the mouth of the test tube away from others. |
Mercury_7099208 | How would a drought most likely affect the plants of a grassy plain? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"There would be shorter plants.",
"They would have thicker stems.",
"There would be a greater variety.",
"They would have brighter flowers."
]
} | A | Question: How would a drought most likely affect the plants of a grassy plain?
(A) There would be shorter plants.
(B) They would have thicker stems.
(C) There would be a greater variety.
(D) They would have brighter flowers.
| Answer: (A) There would be shorter plants. | Answer: (C) There would be a greater variety. | Question: How would a drought most likely affect the plants of a grassy plain?
(A) There would be shorter plants.
(B) They would have thicker stems.
(C) There would be a greater variety.
(D) They would have brighter flowers.
Answer: (A) There would be shorter plants. |
Mercury_7021210 | The brain and spinal cord are parts of which body system? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"nervous",
"excretory",
"endocrine",
"respiratory"
]
} | A | Question: The brain and spinal cord are parts of which body system?
(A) nervous
(B) excretory
(C) endocrine
(D) respiratory
| Answer: (A) nervous | Answer: (D) respiratory | Question: The brain and spinal cord are parts of which body system?
(A) nervous
(B) excretory
(C) endocrine
(D) respiratory
Answer: (A) nervous |
Mercury_7057750 | Chromosome mutations involve the deletion or duplication of many genes. The effects of chromosome mutations are often much greater than mutations within a single gene, because chromosome mutations | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"can only occur at the time of fertilization.",
"can cause abnormal development of the offspring.",
"are always beneficial to the organism.",
"are rarely passed on to the next generation."
]
} | B | Question: Chromosome mutations involve the deletion or duplication of many genes. The effects of chromosome mutations are often much greater than mutations within a single gene, because chromosome mutations
(A) can only occur at the time of fertilization.
(B) can cause abnormal development of the offspring.
(C) are always beneficial to the organism.
(D) are rarely passed on to the next generation.
| Answer: (B) can cause abnormal development of the offspring. | Answer: (D) are rarely passed on to the next generation. | Question: Chromosome mutations involve the deletion or duplication of many genes. The effects of chromosome mutations are often much greater than mutations within a single gene, because chromosome mutations
(A) can only occur at the time of fertilization.
(B) can cause abnormal development of the offspring.
(C) are always beneficial to the organism.
(D) are rarely passed on to the next generation.
Answer: (B) can cause abnormal development of the offspring. |
NCEOGA_2013_5_50 | What will most likely result when the jet stream moves south of North Carolina? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"North Carolina will experience tropical weather conditions.",
"North Carolina will experience hot, dry weather.",
"North Carolina will experience mild weather.",
"North Carolina will experience cold weather."
]
} | D | Question: What will most likely result when the jet stream moves south of North Carolina?
(A) North Carolina will experience tropical weather conditions.
(B) North Carolina will experience hot, dry weather.
(C) North Carolina will experience mild weather.
(D) North Carolina will experience cold weather.
| Answer: (D) North Carolina will experience cold weather. | Answer: (C) North Carolina will experience mild weather. | Question: What will most likely result when the jet stream moves south of North Carolina?
(A) North Carolina will experience tropical weather conditions.
(B) North Carolina will experience hot, dry weather.
(C) North Carolina will experience mild weather.
(D) North Carolina will experience cold weather.
Answer: (D) North Carolina will experience cold weather. |
Mercury_7185308 | Estuaries in Florida often have mangrove trees growing in them. The roots of the mangrove trees slow the flow of the water, which allows soil particles to settle. If people were allowed to remove the mangrove trees, how would the estuary environment most likely be affected? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The amounts of nutrients in the water would decrease.",
"More habitats for fish would be established.",
"Populations of grasses would increase.",
"The risk of erosion would be reduced."
]
} | A | Question: Estuaries in Florida often have mangrove trees growing in them. The roots of the mangrove trees slow the flow of the water, which allows soil particles to settle. If people were allowed to remove the mangrove trees, how would the estuary environment most likely be affected?
(A) The amounts of nutrients in the water would decrease.
(B) More habitats for fish would be established.
(C) Populations of grasses would increase.
(D) The risk of erosion would be reduced.
| Answer: (A) The amounts of nutrients in the water would decrease. | Answer: (D) The risk of erosion would be reduced. | Question: Estuaries in Florida often have mangrove trees growing in them. The roots of the mangrove trees slow the flow of the water, which allows soil particles to settle. If people were allowed to remove the mangrove trees, how would the estuary environment most likely be affected?
(A) The amounts of nutrients in the water would decrease.
(B) More habitats for fish would be established.
(C) Populations of grasses would increase.
(D) The risk of erosion would be reduced.
Answer: (A) The amounts of nutrients in the water would decrease. |
NYSEDREGENTS_2009_4_2 | Which sense can be used to determine an object's ability to reflect light? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"sight",
"hearing",
"smell",
"taste"
]
} | A | Question: Which sense can be used to determine an object's ability to reflect light?
(A) sight
(B) hearing
(C) smell
(D) taste
| Answer: (A) sight | Answer: (B) hearing | Question: Which sense can be used to determine an object's ability to reflect light?
(A) sight
(B) hearing
(C) smell
(D) taste
Answer: (A) sight |
Mercury_7172463 | The North America Nebula is named for its similarity in shape to the North American continent. It was discovered within the Milky Way by astronomer William Herschel in 1790. What was Mr. Herschel most likely observing? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the explosion following the collapse of a star",
"a dense cluster of stars of varying magnitudes",
"meteorites as Earth passed through the tail of a comet",
"a cloud of hydrogen gas and dust where stars are born"
]
} | D | Question: The North America Nebula is named for its similarity in shape to the North American continent. It was discovered within the Milky Way by astronomer William Herschel in 1790. What was Mr. Herschel most likely observing?
(A) the explosion following the collapse of a star
(B) a dense cluster of stars of varying magnitudes
(C) meteorites as Earth passed through the tail of a comet
(D) a cloud of hydrogen gas and dust where stars are born
| Answer: (D) a cloud of hydrogen gas and dust where stars are born | Answer: (B) a dense cluster of stars of varying magnitudes | Question: The North America Nebula is named for its similarity in shape to the North American continent. It was discovered within the Milky Way by astronomer William Herschel in 1790. What was Mr. Herschel most likely observing?
(A) the explosion following the collapse of a star
(B) a dense cluster of stars of varying magnitudes
(C) meteorites as Earth passed through the tail of a comet
(D) a cloud of hydrogen gas and dust where stars are born
Answer: (D) a cloud of hydrogen gas and dust where stars are born |
CSZ10356 | Which animals are most likely to carry the seeds found in berries from the parent plant to another area? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"bees",
"birds",
"flies",
"caterpillars"
]
} | B | Question: Which animals are most likely to carry the seeds found in berries from the parent plant to another area?
(A) bees
(B) birds
(C) flies
(D) caterpillars
| Answer: (B) birds | Answer: (C) flies | Question: Which animals are most likely to carry the seeds found in berries from the parent plant to another area?
(A) bees
(B) birds
(C) flies
(D) caterpillars
Answer: (B) birds |
NYSEDREGENTS_2007_8_22 | All rocks are composed of | {
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
],
"text": [
"fossils",
"cells",
"metals",
"minerals"
]
} | 4 | Question: All rocks are composed of
(1) fossils
(2) cells
(3) metals
(4) minerals
| Answer: (4) minerals | Answer: (3) metals | Question: All rocks are composed of
(1) fossils
(2) cells
(3) metals
(4) minerals
Answer: (4) minerals |
Mercury_7018358 | In some dry areas, large amounts of water have been pumped from underground sources where water has been naturally stored for thousands of years. If the water is not replaced, what type of land feature is most likely to result? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"delta",
"lake",
"desert",
"mountains"
]
} | C | Question: In some dry areas, large amounts of water have been pumped from underground sources where water has been naturally stored for thousands of years. If the water is not replaced, what type of land feature is most likely to result?
(A) delta
(B) lake
(C) desert
(D) mountains
| Answer: (C) desert | Answer: (D) mountains | Question: In some dry areas, large amounts of water have been pumped from underground sources where water has been naturally stored for thousands of years. If the water is not replaced, what type of land feature is most likely to result?
(A) delta
(B) lake
(C) desert
(D) mountains
Answer: (C) desert |
Mercury_7032375 | Which scientist studied biology by traveling by ship to different islands observing animal life, and developed a hypothesis about how species change? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Galileo Galilei",
"Albert Einstein",
"Charles Darwin",
"Sir Isaac Newton"
]
} | C | Question: Which scientist studied biology by traveling by ship to different islands observing animal life, and developed a hypothesis about how species change?
(A) Galileo Galilei
(B) Albert Einstein
(C) Charles Darwin
(D) Sir Isaac Newton
| Answer: (C) Charles Darwin | Answer: (D) Sir Isaac Newton | Question: Which scientist studied biology by traveling by ship to different islands observing animal life, and developed a hypothesis about how species change?
(A) Galileo Galilei
(B) Albert Einstein
(C) Charles Darwin
(D) Sir Isaac Newton
Answer: (C) Charles Darwin |
Subsets and Splits