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7,000 | Alan Cooper (born 1966) is a New Zealand evolutionary molecular biologist and an ancient DNA researcher. Cooper was involved in many of the early discoveries in the ancient DNA field. He was the inaugural director of both the Henry Wellcome Ancient Biomolecules Centre at the University of Oxford from 2001–2005, and the Australian Centre for Ancient DNA at the University of Adelaide, South Australia from 2005–2019 | Alan J. Cooper |
7,001 | Merlin Crossley, is an Australian molecular biologist, university teacher and administrator. In 2016, he was appointed as Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic) at the University of New South Wales.
Early life and career
Crossley attended Mount View Primary School, Glen Waverley, Victoria, then was awarded an entrance scholarship to Melbourne Grammar School, where he was dux | Merlin Crossley |
7,002 | Katherine Cullen (born 7 November 1968) is an American biologist.
Early life and education
Cullen was born in Midland, Michigan to Jim and Ann Hicks. She attended Herbert Henry Dow High School in Midland | Katherine Cullen |
7,003 | Đái Duy Ban (born September 22, 1937) is a Vietnamese professor, academician, doctor sciences, and famous medical doctor. Former Director of Institute for Applied Biochemistry at Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, he has been currently as the founder of DAIBIO Company and DAIBIO Great Traditional Medicine Family Clinic, Member of Scientific Council of the international Centre of Biocybernetic - Pacific Federation of Clinical Biochemtry, President of Vietnam Medial Biochemical Association, Director - in - Chief of Vietnam Journal of Biochemical and Medical, Rector of Van Xuan University of Technology, President of Institute Research Education and Transfer Biotechnology.
Biography
Prof | Đái Duy Ban |
7,004 | Maria do Carmo Fonseca (born Almada, Portugal, 9 August 1959) is a Portuguese scientist, full professor of Molecular Cell Biology and Onco-biology at the University of Lisbon Medical School and president of the Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes (Molecular Medicine Institute at the University of Lisbon).
Her research is focused in pre-mRNA splicing and aims to contribute to the development of new diagnostic approaches and treatment strategies for related diseases.
Scientific trajectory
After studying Medicine at University of Lisbon, Maria do Carmo Fonseca completed her PhD in 1988 | Maria do Carmo Fonseca |
7,005 | Helena Edlund is a Swedish professor and molecular biologist. She received her Ph. D | Helena Edlund |
7,006 | Jean-Marc Egly, born on 27 December 1945, is a French molecular biology researcher specialising in the field of transcription. Research Director at Inserm, he was also Chairman of the Scientific Council of the ARC from 2006 to 2011. He is a member of the French Academy of sciences | Jean-Marc Egly |
7,007 | Collin Yvès Ewald (born 1980 in Basel) is a Swiss scientist investigating the molecular mechanisms of healthy aging. He is a molecular biologist and a professor at ETH Zurich, where he leads the Laboratory of Extracellular Matrix Regeneration. His research focuses on the remodeling of the extracellular matrix during aging and upon longevity interventions | Collin Y. Ewald |
7,008 | Sara García Alonso (born 1989) is a Spanish cancer researcher and reserve ESA astronaut. Since 2019, she has been a postdoctoral researcher at the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre. In 2022, she was chosen as a reserve astronaut in the European Astronaut Corps | Sara García Alonso |
7,009 | Susan M. Gasser (born 1955) is a Swiss molecular biologist. From 2004 to 2019 she was the director of the Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research in Basel, Switzerland, where she also led a research group from 2004 until 2021 | Susan M. Gasser |
7,010 | Ehud Gazit (Hebrew: אהוד גזית; Russian: Эхуд Газит; Chinese: 以笏) is an Israeli biochemist, biophysicist and nanotechnologist. He is Professor and Endowed Chair at Tel Aviv University and a member of the executive board of the university (from 2017). In 2015, he was knighted by the Italian Republic for services to science and society | Ehud Gazit |
7,011 | Mikhail Sergeyevich Gelfand (Russian: Михаил Сергеевич Гельфанд; born 25 October 1963) is a Russian Bioinformaticist and molecular biologist. He is a member of Academia Europaea, Vice President Biomedical Research of Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, one of the founder of Dissernet plagiarism fighting society and a political activist, former member of Russian Opposition Coordination Council. He is a grandson of a prominent Soviet mathematician Israel Gelfand | Mikhail Gelfand |
7,012 | Susan Golden (née Stephens) is a Professor of molecular biology known for her research in circadian rhythms. She is currently a faculty member at UC San Diego.
Golden was born in Pine Bluff, Arkansas in 1957 | Susan Golden |
7,013 | Pierre Gönczy (born 1962 in Winterthur, Switzerland) is a Swiss and Italian cell and developmental biologist. His research focuses on centriole biology and asymmetric cell division. He is currently professor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), where he directs the Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology | Pierre Gönczy |
7,014 | Nishith Gupta (born January 3, 1977) is an Indian-German molecular biologist and parasitologist known for his pioneering work in the field of Host–pathogen interaction and cell signalling. He is currently working as Professor, Senior Fellow of the Wellcome Trust-DBT (India Alliance) and Head of the Department of Biological Sciences at the Hyderabad campus of Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani.
Early life and education
Nishith Gupta was born in Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India | Nishith Gupta |
7,015 | Gregory James Hannon (born 1964) is a professor of molecular cancer biology and director of the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute at the University of Cambridge. He is a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge while also serving as a director of cancer genomics at the New York Genome Center and an adjunct professor at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Career and research
Hannon is known for his contributions to small RNA biology, cancer biology, and mammalian genomics | Gregory Hannon |
7,016 | Israel Hanukoglu (Turkish: İsrael Hanukoğlu) is a Turkish-born Israeli scientist. He is a full professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at Ariel University and former science and technology adviser to the prime minister of Israel (1996–1999). He is founder of Israel Science and Technology Directory | Israel Hanukoglu |
7,017 | Tim Harris (born 11 May 1950) is a molecular biologist/biochemist who is a science and business leader who has led laboratory work, scientists and companies in a range of research activities in the Biotechnology Industry since 1978.
Early life and education
Harris was brought up in the Chiltern Hills west of London and is the son of Dr. RJC Harris who was a chemist and cancer research scientist and who was at ICRF and later ran the Microbiological Research Establishment at Porton Down in the 1970s | Tim Harris (biochemist) |
7,018 | Carl-Henrik Heldin (born 9 August 1952) is Chairman of the Board for the Nobel Foundation, and a molecular biologist and medical researcher. He has been director of the Uppsala branch of Ludwig Cancer Research since 1986 and professor in molecular cell biology at the medical faculty of Uppsala University since 1992. He is vice-president of the European Research Council since 2011 and was appointed chairman of the Nobel Foundation in 2013 | Carl-Henrik Heldin |
7,019 | Michael Otmar Hengartner (born 5 June 1966, St. Gallen, Switzerland) is a Swiss-Canadian biochemist and molecular biologist. From February 2020 he has been president of the ETH Board | Michael Hengartner |
7,020 | Martin Hetzer (born in Vienna, Austria) is an Austrian-born molecular biologist, Senior Vice President and Chief Scientific Officer at the Salk Institute in La Jolla and the holder of the Jesse and Caryl Philips Foundation Chair in Molecular Cell Biology. His research focuses on fundamental aspects of organismal aging with a special focus on the heart and central nervous system. His laboratory has also made important contributions in the area of cancer research and cell differentiation | Martin Hetzer |
7,021 | Mien-Chie Hung (Chinese: 洪明奇; born September 4, 1950) is a Taiwanese-born American molecular biologist and cancer researcher. He is a Professor and Chair, Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas.
He was elected as a member of the Taiwan's Academia Sinica in 2002 | Mien-Chie Hung |
7,022 | Constance Joan Jeffery is an American biophysicist and an associate professor of biological sciences at the University of Illinois Chicago. She was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2022. Jeffery is known for her work with multifunctional proteins | Constance Jeffery |
7,023 | Wojciech Maciej Karlowski (Polish pronunciation: [vɔj. t͡ɕɛx karlɔvski]; born January 10, 1966) is a Polish biologist specializing in molecular biology and bioinformatics, and a full professor in biological sciences. He is Head of the Department of Computational Biology at the Faculty of Biology at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan | Wojciech Karlowski |
7,024 | Zuzana Kečkéšová (born 1980) is a Slovak-American molecular biologist at the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences. She investigates the reasons that certain organs are protected from cancer.
Early life and education
Kečkéšová is from Galanta | Zuzana Kečkéšová |
7,025 | Grete Kellenberger-Gujer (1919–2011) was a Swiss molecular biologist known for her discoveries on genetic recombination and restriction modification system of DNA. She was a pioneer in the genetic analysis of bacteriophages and contributed to the early development of molecular biology.
Biography
After earning her matura in classics at the Töchterschule in Zürich, Grete Gujer studied chemistry at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich | Grete Kellenberger-Gujer |
7,026 | Alberto Kornblihtt (born June 30, 1954) is an Argentine molecular biologist who specializes in alternative ribonucleic acid splicing. During his postdoctoral training with Francisco Baralle in Oxford, Kornblihtt documented one of the first cases of alternative splicing, explaining how a single transcribed gene can generate multiple protein variants. Kornblihtt was elected as a foreign associate of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States in 2011, received the Diamond Award for the most relevant scientist of Argentina of the decade, alongside physicist Juan Martin Maldacena, in 2013 | Alberto Kornblihtt |
7,027 | Richard Lathe is a molecular biologist who has held professorships at the University of Strasbourg, the University of Edinburgh, and the State University of Pushchino. He was assistant director at the biotech company Transgene in Strasbourg, a principal scientist at ABRO, Edinburgh, and Co-Director of the Biotechnology College ESBS [1] based in Strasbourg. Lathe is also the founder of Pieta Research, a biotechnology consultancy in Edinburgh, current academic appointments are with the University of Edinburgh and the State University of Pushchino | Richard Lathe |
7,028 | Thomas Lecuit, born 4 October 1971 in Saumur, is a French biologist specializing in the emergence of forms or morphogenesis. He is a professor at the Collège de France, holding the Dynamics of Life Chair. He leads a research team at the Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM), and the Turing Centre for Living Systems, an interdisciplinary centre dedicated to the study of living organisms | Thomas Lecuit |
7,029 | Artur Lind (6 April 1927, Vändra – 30 November 1989, Tartu) was an Estonian biologist and is considered to be the founder of molecular biology in Estonia. Lind studied to be a surgeon at the University of Tartu. Due to an allergic reaction to analgesics used at the time, he was unable to continue working as a surgeon and moved to the faculty of biochemistry instead | Artur Lind |
7,030 | Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang (29 November 1896 – 25 May 1959) was a Danish protein scientist, who was the director of the Carlsberg Laboratory from 1939 until his death. His most notable scientific contributions were the development of sundry physical techniques to study protein structure and function (especially hydrogen–deuterium exchange), and his definitions of protein primary, secondary,
tertiary and quaternary structure.
Linderstrøm-Lang devoted himself unstintingly to protein science and trained a whole generation of eminent protein scientists, Linderstrøm-Lang maintained a fun atmosphere in his laboratory and a happy spirit that expressed itself in wonderful Christmas parties and frequent trips to the Tivoli amusement park in Copenhagen | Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang |
7,031 | Julianna Lisziewicz (born 1959) is a Hungarian immunologist. Lisziewicz headed many research teams that have discovered and produced immunotheraputic drugs to treat diseases like cancer and chronic infections like HIV/AIDS. Some of these drugs have been successfully used in clinical trials | Julianna Lisziewicz |
7,032 | Yorgo E. Modis (born 1974) is Professor in Virology and Immunology, and a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow at the Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge. He is head of The Modis Lab in the Molecular Immunity Unit at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology | Yorgo Modis |
7,033 | Hiba Salah-Eldin Mohamed (Arabic: هبة صلاح الدين محمد, born 18 January 1968) is a Sudanese molecular biologist who works at the University of Khartoum. She won the 2007 Royal Society Pfizer Award.
Early life and education
Hiba studied zoology at the University of Khartoum, earning a Bachelors in 1993 and a Masters in 1998 | Hiba Mohamed |
7,034 | Jeffery Daniel Molkentin (born January 15, 1967, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin) is an American molecular biologist. He is the director of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology for Cincinnati Children's hospital where he is also co-director of their Heart Institute. Molkentin holds a professorship at the University of Cincinnati's Department of Pediatrics | Jeffery D. Molkentin |
7,035 | Sergei Viktorovich Netyosov (Russian: Сергей Викторович Нетёсов) is a Russian molecular biologist, a specialist in virus genomes.
Biography
Sergei Netyosov was born on April 19, 1953, in Leninsk-Kuznetsky, Kemerovo Oblast. In 1975 he graduated from the Faculty of Natural Sciences at the Novosibirsk State University | Sergei Netyosov |
7,036 | Eva Nogales (born in Colmenar Viejo, Spain) is a Spanish-American biophysicist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, where she served as head of the Division of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Structural Biology of the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology (2015–2020). She is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator.
Nogales is a pioneer in using electron microscopy for the structural and functional characterization of macromolecular complexes | Eva Nogales |
7,037 | Constance Tom Noguchi (born December 8, 1948) is a research physicist, Chief of the Molecular Cell Biology Section, and Dean of the Foundation for Advanced Education in the Sciences (FAES) Graduate School at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Noguchi studies the underlying genetics, metabolism, and treatment of sickle cell disease and of erythropoietin and its effects on metabolism. Noguchi has published over 250 scientific articles with over 9491 citations | Constance Tom Noguchi |
7,038 | Tsuneko Okazaki (岡崎 恒子, Okazaki Tsuneko, born June 7, 1933) is a Japanese pioneer of molecular biology known for her work on DNA replication and specifically for discovering Okazaki fragments, along with her husband Reiji. Dr. Tsuneko Okazaki has continued to be involved in academia, contributing to more advancements in DNA research | Tsuneko Okazaki |
7,039 | Wajih Mousa Owais (Arabic: وجيه موسى عويس) (born November 5, 1947) is a Jordanian Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research. He was appointed as Minister in February 2011. Dr | Wajih Owais |
7,040 | Anila Paparisto is an entomologist and taxonomist from Albania, who was appointed in 2021 as Vice Rector for Teaching at the University of Tirana. She is also Professor in Invertebrate Zoology and Teaching Didactics there. Her career began at the university in 1994 and in 2011 was promoted to professor | Anila Paparisto |
7,041 | Elena Ramírez Parra (born 1972) is a Spanish botanist and researcher who studies the negative effects of environmental stress (drought, salinity of the soil, excess radiation, presence of heavy metals and the high and low temperatures) on plant growth. Applications of her research include improving harvest yield. In 2010, Ramírez won a L'Oréal-UNESCO Award for Women in Science | Elena Ramírez Parra |
7,042 | Antonina Roll-Mecak is a Romanian-born American molecular biophysicist. She is currently the Senior Investigator and Chief of the Unit of Cell Biology and Biophysics at the National Institutes of Health. She holds appointments at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; and at the Biochemistry and Biophysics Center of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute | Antonina Roll-Mecak |
7,043 | Leo Sachs (Hebrew: ליאו זקס; 14 October 1924 – 12 December 2013) was a German-born Israeli molecular biologist and cancer researcher. Born in Leipzig, he emigrated to the United Kingdom in 1933, and to Israel in 1952. There he joined the Weizmann Institute of Science | Leo Sachs |
7,044 | Yardena Samuels or Samuels-Lev is an Israeli molecular biologist who is the Director of the Ekard Institute for Cancer Diagnosis Research at the Weizmann Institute of Science. Her research considers the genetic mutations of melanoma.
Early life and education
Samuels was born in Tel HaShomer | Yardena Samuels |
7,045 | Dr. Cristina Sánchez is a Spanish molecular biologist.
She was born in Madrid, Spain in 1971 | Cristina Sánchez (molecular biologist) |
7,046 | Constantin Sekeris was a Greek biochemist and molecular biologist.
Early life
He was born in Nafplio, the first capital of Greece and his paternal family home. During World War II, he accompanied his parents to Egypt, South Africa, and finally the United States (U | Constantin E. Sekeris |
7,047 | Zeba Islam Seraj is a Bangladeshi scientist known for her research in developing salt-tolerant rice varieties suitable for growth in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. She is currently a professor at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka.
Academic career
Seraj studied at the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh obtaining a B | Zeba Islam Seraj |
7,048 | Sema K. Sgaier is a scientist, global health expert, and documentary photographer. Sgaier’s expertise includes molecular biology, genetics, genomics, neuroscience, epidemiology, disease surveillance, monitoring & evaluation of programs and policy development | Sema Sgaier |
7,049 | Jane Silverthorne (July 26, 1953 – August 15, 2022) was a biologist based in America who worked on plant development in response to light. She became a program officer at the National Science Foundation in the USA as well as a Senior Policy Analyst for the White House Office on Science and Technology.
Early life and education
Silverthorne was born in England | Jane Silverthorne |
7,050 | Sunit Kumar Singh is an Indian molecular virologist and professor of Molecular Immunology & Virology at the Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University. Currently he is the director of the Dr B R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research (ACBR), New Delhi.
Education and career
Sunit Kumar Singh earned his PhD in 2005 from University of Wuerzburg in Germany | Sunit Kumar Singh |
7,051 | Stella Ifeanyi Smith is a Nigerian medical scientist with interests in molecular biology and biotechnology. Smith joined Nigeria Institute of Medical Research in 1988, and was made director of research in 2013. As of September 2018, she had 1,739 citations on Google scholar | Stella Ifeanyi Smith |
7,052 | Alexander Sergeevich Spirin (Russian: Александр Сергеевич Спирин) (4 September 1931 – 30 December 2020) was a Russian biochemist, Distinguished Professor at the Lomonosov Moscow State University (since 1999), a Director of Institute of Protein Research Russian Academy of Sciences, Puschino (Пущино-на-Оке), Moscow Region (Московская Область), Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences. His primary scientific interests in biochemistry included nucleic acids and protein biosynthesis.
Career
In 1957 together with Andrey Nikolayevich Belozersky (Андрей Николаевич Белозерский) he conducted comparative analysis of bacterial DNA and RNA, and predicted existence of messenger RNA | Alexander Spirin |
7,053 | Kevin Struhl (born September 2, 1952) is an American molecular biologist and the David Wesley Gaiser Professor of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology at Harvard Medical School. Struhl is primarily known for his work on transcriptional regulatory mechanisms in yeast using molecular, genetic, biochemical, and genomic approaches. More recently, he has used related approaches to study transcriptional regulatory circuits involved in cellular transformation and the formation of cancer stem cells | Kevin Struhl |
7,054 | Tang K. Tang is a Taiwanese biomedical researcher.
Career
He holds a PhD in Human Genetics (1988) from Yale University, where he also completed postdoctoral research (1989) | Tang K. Tang |
7,055 | Nektarios N. Tavernarakis (Greek: Νεκτάριος Ν. Ταβερναράκης) is a Greek bioscientist, who studies Ageing, Cell death, and Neurodegeneration | Nektarios Tavernarakis |
7,056 | Christopher Vakoc is a molecular biologist and a professor at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
Education
Vakoc graduated with a degree in Biochemistry from Pennsylvania State University in 2001. He then attained his M | Christopher Vakoc |
7,057 | Saba Valadkhan (Persian: صبا ولدخان) is an Iranian American biomedical scientist, and an Assistant Professor and RNA researcher at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. In 2005, she was awarded the GE / Science Young Scientist Award for her breakthrough in understanding the mechanism of spliceosomes - "akin to finding the Holy Grail of the splicing catalysis field" - a critical area of research, given that "20 percent or 30 percent of all human genetic diseases are caused by mistakes that the spliceosome makes".
Education
Valadkhan qualified as a medical doctor at Tehran University of Medial Sciences in Iran in 1996 | Saba Valadkhan |
7,058 | Björn Vennström (born 1948) is a Swedish molecular biologist. He received his Ph. D | Björn Vennström |
7,059 | Jean-Jacques Weigle (9 July 1901 – 28 December 1968) was a Swiss molecular biologist at Caltech and formerly a physicist at the University of Geneva from 1931 to 1948. He is known for his major contributions on field of bacteriophage λ research, focused on the interactions between those viruses and their E. coli hosts | Jean Weigle |
7,060 | Alan Ming-ta Wu (1938/1938–1981) was a Taiwanese-American molecular biologist and immunologist who developed techniques to grow hematopoetic stem cells in cell culture.
Early life
Wu was born in Tainan, Taiwan, and attended Chang Jung Senior High School in Tainan. He obtained his medical degree from National Taiwan University Medical School and served for two years as a medical officer in the Republic of China Army | Alan Ming-ta Wu |
7,061 | Masashi Yanagisawa (柳沢 正史, Yanagisawa Masashi, born May 25, 1960) is a Japanese molecular biologist and physician, famous for his discovery of the hormone endothelin and the neuropeptide orexin, the absence of which is the cause of narcolepsy. He is currently the Director of the International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, and an adjunct professor at the Department of Molecular genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.
Early life and education
Yanagisawa was born in Tokyo in 1960 | Masashi Yanagisawa |
7,062 | Moshe Yaniv, born in 1938 in Hadera, Israel, is a French-Israeli molecular biologist who has studied the structure and functions of oncogenic DNA viruses as well as the general mechanisms for regulating gene expression in higher organisms and their deregulation during tumor pathologies and development. He is a member of the French Academy of sciences and Professor Emeritus at the Institut Pasteur.
Biography
After secondary school in Hadera, Moshe Yaniv studied chemistry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (1956-1961) and obtained a "Master of Sciences" in organic chemistry | Moshé Yaniv |
7,063 | Ilya Borisovich Zbarsky (Russian: Илья Борисович Збарский; November 8, 1913 – November 9, 2007) was a Soviet and Russian biochemist who served as the head of Lenin's Mausoleum from 1956 to 1989. He was appointed as Advisor at the Direction of the Institute in 1989 due to his age. He was the son of Boris Zbarsky, who helped mummify Lenin's body in 1924 | Ilya Zbarsky |
7,064 | Antibody mimetics are organic compounds that, like antibodies, can specifically bind antigens, but that are not structurally related to antibodies. They are usually artificial peptides or proteins with a molar mass of about 3 to 20 kDa. (Antibodies are ~150 kDa | Antibody mimetic |
7,065 | Affibody molecules are small, robust proteins engineered to bind to a large number of target proteins or peptides with high affinity, imitating monoclonal antibodies, and are therefore a member of the family of antibody mimetics. Affibody molecules are used in biochemical research and are being developed as potential new biopharmaceutical drugs. These molecules can be used for molecular recognition in diagnostic and therapeutic applications | Affibody molecule |
7,066 | Affilins are artificial proteins designed to selectively bind antigens. Affilin proteins are structurally derived from human ubiquitin (historically also from gamma-B crystallin). Affilin proteins are constructed by modification of surface-exposed amino acids of these proteins and isolated by display techniques such as phage display and screening | Affilin |
7,067 | Affimer molecules are small proteins that bind to target proteins with affinity in the nanomolar range. These engineered non-antibody binding proteins are designed to mimic the molecular recognition characteristics of monoclonal antibodies in different applications. These affinity reagents have been optimized to increase their stability, make them tolerant to a range of temperatures and pH, reduce their size, and to increase their expression in E | Affimer |
7,068 | Affitins (commercial name Nanofitins) are artificial proteins with the ability to selectively bind antigens. They are structurally derived from the DNA binding protein Sac7d, found in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, a microorganism belonging to the archaeal domain. By randomizing the amino acids on the binding surface of Sac7d and subjecting the resulting protein library to rounds of ribosome display, the affinity can be directed towards various targets, such as peptides, proteins, viruses, and bacteria | Affitin |
7,069 | Alphabodies, also known as Cell-Penetrating Alphabodies or CPAB for short, are small 10 kDa proteins engineered to bind to a variety of antigens. Despite their name, they are not structurally similar to antibodies, which makes them a type of antibody mimetic. Alphabodies are different from many other antibody mimetics in their ability to reach and bind to intracellular protein targets | Alphabody |
7,070 | Anticalin proteins are artificial proteins that are able to bind to antigens, either to proteins or to small molecules. They are not structurally related to antibodies, which makes them a type of antibody mimetic. Instead, they are derived from human lipocalins which are a family of naturally binding proteins | Anticalin |
7,071 | Avimers (short for avidity multimers) are artificial proteins that are able to specifically bind to certain antigens via multiple binding sites. Since they are not structurally related to antibodies, they are classified as a type of antibody mimetic. Avimers have been developed by the biotechnology company Avidia, now part of Amgen, as potential new pharmaceutical drugs | Avimer |
7,072 | DARPins (an acronym for designed ankyrin repeat proteins) are genetically engineered antibody mimetic proteins typically exhibiting highly specific and high-affinity target protein binding. They are derived from natural ankyrin repeat proteins, one of the most common classes of binding proteins in nature, which are responsible for diverse functions such as cell signaling, regulation and structural integrity of the cell. DARPins consist of at least three, repeat motifs or modules, of which the most N- and the most C-terminal modules are referred to as "caps", since they shield the hydrophobic core of the protein | DARPin |
7,073 | Ecallantide (trade name Kalbitor) is a drug used for the treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE) and in the prevention of blood loss in cardiothoracic surgery. It is an inhibitor of the protein kallikrein and a 60-amino acid polypeptide which was developed from a Kunitz domain through phage display to mimic antibodies inhibiting kallikrein.
Medical uses
Angioedema
On November 27, 2009, ecallantide was approved by the FDA for the treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema for persons over 16 years of age | Ecallantide |
7,074 | Kunitz domains are the active domains of proteins that inhibit the function of protein degrading enzymes or, more specifically, domains of Kunitz-type are protease inhibitors. They are relatively small with a length of about 50 to 60 amino acids and a molecular weight of 6 kDa. Examples of Kunitz-type protease inhibitors are aprotinin (bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor, BPTI), Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein (APP), and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) | Kunitz domain |
7,075 | Kunitz soybean trypsin inhibitor is a type of protein contained in legume seeds which functions as a protease inhibitor. Kunitz-type Soybean Trypsin Inhibitors are usually specific for either trypsin or chymotrypsin. They are thought to protect seeds against consumption by animal predators | Kunitz STI protease inhibitor |
7,076 | Monobodies are synthetic binding proteins constructed using a fibronectin type III domain (FN3) as a molecular scaffold. Specifically, this class of binding proteins are built upon a diversified library of the 10th FN3 domain of human fibronectin. Monobodies are a simple and robust alternative to antibodies for creating target-binding proteins | Monobody |
7,077 | In the medical field of immunology, nanoCLAMP (CLostridal Antibody Mimetic Proteins) affinity reagents are recombinant 15 kD antibody mimetic proteins selected for tight, selective and gently reversible binding to target molecules. The nanoCLAMP scaffold is based on an IgG-like, thermostable carbohydrate binding module family 32 (CBM32) from a Clostridium perfringens hyaluronidase (Mu toxin). The shape of nanoCLAMPs approximates a cylinder of approximately 4 nm in length and 2 | NanoCLAMP |
7,078 | Pegdinetanib (USAN; planned trade name Angiocept) is an investigational anti-cancer drug that acts as a selective antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2), hindering vascularization of tumors. It is a genetically engineered peptide derivative based on the monobody technology, and is being developed by Adnexus. The drug has entered Phase II clinical trials investigating the treatment of glioblastoma in October 2007 | Pegdinetanib |
7,079 | Synthetic antibodies are affinity reagents generated entirely in vitro, thus completely eliminating animals from the production process. Synthetic antibodies include recombinant antibodies, nucleic acid aptamers and non-immunoglobulin protein scaffolds. As a consequence of their in vitro manufacturing method the antigen recognition site of synthetic antibodies can be engineered to any desired target and may extend beyond the typical immune repertoire offered by natural antibodies | Synthetic antibody |
7,080 | Molecular biophysics is a rapidly evolving interdisciplinary area of research that combines concepts in physics, chemistry, engineering, mathematics and biology. It seeks to understand biomolecular systems and explain biological function in terms of molecular structure, structural organization, and dynamic behaviour at various levels of complexity (from single molecules to supramolecular structures, viruses and small living systems). This discipline covers topics such as the measurement of molecular forces, molecular associations, allosteric interactions, Brownian motion, and cable theory | Molecular biophysics |
7,081 | Manju Bansal (born. 1 December 1950) has specialized in the field of Molecular biophysics. Currently, she is a professor in theoretical Biophysics group for Molecular Biophysics unit in the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore | Manju Bansal |
7,082 | Balasubramanian Gopal (born 1970) is an Indian structural biologist, molecular biophysicist and a professor at the Molecular Biophysics Unit of the Indian Institute of Science. He is known for his studies on cell wall synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus and is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Indian National Science Academy and the Indian Academy of Sciences. He received the National Bioscience Award for Career Development of the Department of Biotechnology in 2010 | Balasubramanian Gopal |
7,083 | Antonina Roll-Mecak is a Romanian-born American molecular biophysicist. She is currently the Senior Investigator and Chief of the Unit of Cell Biology and Biophysics at the National Institutes of Health. She holds appointments at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; and at the Biochemistry and Biophysics Center of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute | Antonina Roll-Mecak |
7,084 | Electrophoresis is the motion of dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric field. Electrophoresis of positively charged particles (cations) is sometimes called cataphoresis, while electrophoresis of negatively charged particles (anions) is sometimes called anaphoresis.
The electrokinetic phenomenon of electrophoresis was observed for the first time in 1807 by Russian professors Peter Ivanovich Strakhov and Ferdinand Frederic Reuss at Moscow University, who noticed that the application of a constant electric field caused clay particles dispersed in water to migrate | Electrophoresis |
7,085 | Affinity electrophoresis is a general name for many analytical methods used in biochemistry and biotechnology. Both qualitative and quantitative information may be obtained through affinity electrophoresis. Cross electrophoresis, the first affinity electrophoresis method, was created by Nakamura et al | Affinity electrophoresis |
7,086 | Agarose gel electrophoresis is a method of gel electrophoresis used in biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, and clinical chemistry to separate a mixed population of macromolecules such as DNA or proteins in a matrix of agarose, one of the two main components of agar. The proteins may be separated by charge and/or size (isoelectric focusing agarose electrophoresis is essentially size independent), and the DNA and RNA fragments by length. Biomolecules are separated by applying an electric field to move the charged molecules through an agarose matrix, and the biomolecules are separated by size in the agarose gel matrix | Agarose gel electrophoresis |
7,087 | Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is a chromatographic technique in which the mobile phase is driven through the chromatographic bed by electroosmosis. Capillary electrochromatography is a combination of two analytical techniques, high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Capillary electrophoresis aims to separate analytes on the basis of their mass-to-charge ratio by passing a high voltage across ends of a capillary tube, which is filled with the analyte | Capillary electrochromatography |
7,088 | Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a family of electrokinetic separation methods performed in submillimeter diameter capillaries and in micro- and nanofluidic channels. Very often, CE refers to capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), but other electrophoretic techniques including capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE), capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF), capillary isotachophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) belong also to this class of methods. In CE methods, analytes migrate through electrolyte solutions under the influence of an electric field | Capillary electrophoresis |
7,089 | The single cell gel electrophoresis assay (SCGE, also known as comet assay) is an uncomplicated and sensitive technique for the detection of DNA damage at the level of the individual eukaryotic cell. It was first developed by Östling & Johansson in 1984 and later modified by Singh et al. in 1988 | Comet assay |
7,090 | Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is a phenomenon in which a force is exerted on a dielectric particle when it is subjected to a non-uniform electric field. This force does not require the particle to be charged. All particles exhibit dielectrophoretic activity in the presence of electric fields | Dielectrophoresis |
7,091 | Difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) is a form of gel electrophoresis where up to three different protein samples can be labeled with size-matched, charge-matched spectrally resolvable fluorescent dyes (for example Cy3, Cy5, Cy2) prior to two dimensional gel electrophoresis.
Procedure
The three samples are mixed and loaded onto IEF (isoelectric focusing chromatography) for first dimension and the strip is transferred to a SDS PAGE. After the gel electrophoresis, the gel is scanned with the excitation wavelength of each dye one after the other, so each sample can be seen separately (if we scan the gel at the excitation wavelength of the Cy3 dye, we will see in the gel only the sample that was labeled with that dye) | Difference gel electrophoresis |
7,092 | Discontinuous electrophoresis (colloquially disc electrophoresis) is a type of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was developed by Ornstein and Davis. This method produces high resolution and good band definition | Discontinuous electrophoresis |
7,093 | DNA laddering is a feature that can be observed when DNA fragments, resulting from Apoptosis DNA fragmentation are visualized after separation by gel electrophoresis the first described in 1980 by Andrew Wyllie at the University Edinburgh medical school DNA fragments can also be delected in cells that underwent necrosis, when theses DNA fragments after separation are subjected to gel electrophoresis which in the results in a characteristic ladder pattern,
DNA degradation
DNA laddering is a distinctive feature of DNA degraded by caspase-activated DNase (CAD), which is a key event during apoptosis. CAD cleaves genomic DNA at internucleosomal linker regions, resulting in DNA fragments that are multiples of 180–185 base-pairs in length. Separation of the fragments by agarose gel electrophoresis and subsequent visualization, for example by ethidium bromide staining, results in a characteristic "ladder" pattern | DNA laddering |
7,094 | Electrical mobility is the ability of charged particles (such as electrons or protons) to move through a medium in response to an electric field that is pulling them. The separation of ions according to their mobility in gas phase is called ion mobility spectrometry, in liquid phase it is called electrophoresis.
Theory
When a charged particle in a gas or liquid is acted upon by a uniform electric field, it will be accelerated until it reaches a constant drift velocity according to the formula
where
v
d
{\displaystyle v_{\text{d}}}
is the drift velocity (SI units: m/s),
E
{\displaystyle E}
is the magnitude of the applied electric field (V/m),
μ
{\displaystyle \mu }
is the mobility (m2/(V·s)) | Electrical mobility |
7,095 | Electroblotting is a method in molecular biology/biochemistry/immunogenetics to transfer proteins or nucleic acids onto a membrane by using PVDF or nitrocellulose, after gel electrophoresis. The protein or nucleic acid can then be further analyzed using probes such as specific antibodies, ligands like lectins, or stains. This method can be used with all polyacrylamide and agarose gels | Electroblotting |
7,096 | Electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) is an objective, non-invasive and quantitative electrophysiological measure. It is based on reverse iontophoresis and (multiple) steady chronoamperometry (more specifically chronovoltametry).
ESC is intended to provide insight into and assess sudomotor (or sweat gland) function and small fiber peripheral neuropathy | Electrochemical skin conductance |
7,097 | Electrochromatography is a chemical separation technique in analytical chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology used to resolve and separate mostly large biomolecules such as proteins. It is a combination of size exclusion chromatography (gel filtration chromatography) and gel electrophoresis. These separation mechanisms operate essentially in superposition along the length of a gel filtration column to which an axial electric field gradient has been added | Electrochromatography |
7,098 | An electrophoretic color marker is a chemical used to monitor the progress of agarose gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) since DNA, RNA, and most proteins are colourless. The color markers are made up of a mixture of dyes that migrate through the gel matrix alongside the sample of interest. They are typically designed to have different mobilities from the sample components and to generate colored bands that can be used to assess the migration and separation of sample components | Electrophoretic color marker |
7,099 | An electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) or mobility shift electrophoresis, also referred as a gel shift assay, gel mobility shift assay, band shift assay, or gel retardation assay, is a common affinity electrophoresis technique used to study protein–DNA or protein–RNA interactions. This procedure can determine if a protein or mixture of proteins is capable of binding to a given DNA or RNA sequence, and can sometimes indicate if more than one protein molecule is involved in the binding complex. Gel shift assays are often performed in vitro concurrently with DNase footprinting, primer extension, and promoter-probe experiments when studying transcription initiation, DNA gang replication, DNA repair or RNA processing and maturation, as well as pre-mRNA splicing | Electrophoretic mobility shift assay |
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