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open_qa
|
Who are some famous classical composers?
|
Some well known classical composers are Mozart, Bach and Beethoven
| 0.6736 |
|
classification
|
Classify the following hockey teams as either National Hockey League (NHL) or American Hockey League (AHL): Abbotsford Canucks, Bakersfield Condors, Belleville Senators, Bridgeport Islanders, Calgary Wranglers, Charlotte Checkers, Chicago Wolves, Cleveland Monsters, Coachella Valley Firebirds, Colorado Eagles, Grand Rapids Griffins, Hartford Wolf Pack, Henderson Silver Knights, Hershey Bears, Iowa Wild, Laval Rocket, Lehigh Valley Phantoms, Manitoba Moose, Milwaukee Admirals, Ontario Reign, Providence Bruins, Rochester Americans, Rockford IceHogs, San Diego Gulls, San Jose Barracuda, Springfield Thunderbirds, Syracuse Crunch, Texas Stars, Toronto Marlies, Tucson Roadrunners, Utica Comets, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins, Anaheim Ducks, Arizona Coyotes, Boston Bruins, Buffalo Sabres, Calgary Flames, Carolina Hurricanes, Chicago Blackhawks, Colorado Avalanche, Columbus Blue Jackets, Dallas Stars, Detroit Red Wings, Edmonton Oilers, Florida Panthers, Los Angeles Kings, Minnesota Wild, Montreal Canadiens, Nashville Predators, New Jersey Devils, New York Islanders, New York Rangers, Ottawa Senators, Philadelphia Flyers, Pittsburgh Penguins, San Jose Sharks, Seattle Kraken, St Louis Blues, Tampa Bay Lightning, Toronto Maple Leafs, Vancouver Canucks, Vegas Golden Knights, Washington Capitals, Winnipeg Jets
|
AHL: Abbotsford Canucks, Bakersfield Condors, Belleville Senators, Bridgeport Islanders, Calgary Wranglers, Charlotte Checkers, Chicago Wolves, Cleveland Monsters, Coachella Valley Firebirds, Colorado Eagles, Grand Rapids Griffins, Hartford Wolf Pack, Henderson Silver Knights, Hershey Bears, Iowa Wild, Laval Rocket, Lehigh Valley Phantoms, Manitoba Moose, Milwaukee Admirals, Ontario Reign, Providence Bruins, Rochester Americans, Rockford IceHogs, San Diego Gulls, San Jose Barracuda, Springfield Thunderbirds, Syracuse Crunch, Texas Stars, Toronto Marlies, Tucson Roadrunners, Utica Comets, Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins
NHL: Anaheim Ducks, Arizona Coyotes, Boston Bruins, Buffalo Sabres, Calgary Flames, Carolina Hurricanes, Chicago Blackhawks, Colorado Avalanche, Columbus Blue Jackets, Dallas Stars, Detroit Red Wings, Edmonton Oilers, Florida Panthers, Los Angeles Kings, Minnesota Wild, Montreal Canadiens, Nashville Predators, New Jersey Devils, New York Islanders, New York Rangers, Ottawa Senators, Philadelphia Flyers, Pittsburgh Penguins, San Jose Sharks, Seattle Kraken, St Louis Blues, Tampa Bay Lightning, Toronto Maple Leafs, Vancouver Canucks, Vegas Golden Knights, Washington Capitals, Winnipeg Jets
| 0.6736 |
|
general_qa
|
Why is healthcare so bad in US?
|
Let's talk what is bad mean? Bad here probably refers to the cost of drugs and how the insurance industry operates. It also refers to not everyone having universal health care. Ask yourself what is the goal of the pharma and insurance industry. Dig deep and you will find that it is not driven to improve the health of the citizen and society but make money at the cost of people lives. Someone rightfully said US pharma industry is only interested in diseases of the rich like heart and diabetes and not of the poor. We have seen changes in the auto industry, software industry and it is time we bring change in healthcare industry where it is affordable and everyone has right to good healthcare. Lobbying and exclusive control (yes, they invest billions) needs change.
| 0.6735 |
|
open_qa
|
How do you make a Gin Martini?
|
Pick your favorite Gin. Combine One and two-thirds ounces of Gin and two-thirds dry vermouth with ice in a cocktail mixer. Shake vigorously and strain into a martini glass. Some folks prefer that the glass is chilled. Often a Gin Martini will include an Olive. If your guests prefer the martini to be "dirty", add olive brine ( juice). Enjoy
| 0.6735 |
|
information_extraction
|
From the passage provided, extract the names of Jawaharlal Nehru's parents. Separate them with a comma.
|
Motilal Nehru, Swarup Rani Thussu
|
Jawaharlal Nehru was born on 14 November 1889 in Allahabad in British India. His father, Motilal Nehru (1861–1931), a self-made wealthy barrister who belonged to the Kashmiri Pandit community, served twice as president of the Indian National Congress, in 1919 and 1928. His mother, Swarup Rani Thussu (1868–1938), who came from a well-known Kashmiri Brahmin family settled in Lahore, was Motilal's second wife, his first having died in childbirth. Jawaharlal was the eldest of three children. His elder sister, Vijaya Lakshmi, later became the first female president of the United Nations General Assembly. His youngest sister, Krishna Hutheesing, became a noted writer and authored several books on her brother.
| 0.6735 |
brainstorming
|
My parents are staying with me this weekend. What should I do with them?
|
Your parents are probably just happy to spend time with you. Still, it can be difficult to know how to entertain them in your city. Here are some ideas for things to do with your parents:
- Take them to a local brewery or winery
- Find an easy hike to do one morning
- Cook them a meal at home and watch a parent-friendly movie
- Go to a local sporting event
- Have some people over for food and games so your parents can get to know your friends
| 0.6735 |
|
closed_qa
|
Based on the reference text, which album helped Taylor Swift shift from a country star to more of a pop star?
|
Taylor Swift's 1989 album was her first pop album, helping change her image from a country star.
|
Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter. Her genre-spanning discography, songwriting and artistic reinventions have received critical praise and wide media coverage. Born in West Reading, Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville at age 14 to become a country artist. She signed a songwriting deal with Sony/ATV Music Publishing in 2004 and a recording contract with Big Machine Records in 2005. Her 2006 self-titled debut album made her the first female country artist (singer) to write a U.S. platinum-certified album.
Swift's next albums, Fearless (2008) and Speak Now (2010), explored country pop. The former's "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me" were the first country songs to top the U.S. pop and all-genre airplay charts, respectively. She experimented with rock and electronic styles on Red (2012), which featured her first Billboard Hot 100 number-one song, "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together", and eschewed her country image in her synth-pop album, 1989 (2014), supported by chart-topping songs "Shake It Off", "Blank Space", and "Bad Blood". Media scrutiny inspired the urban-flavored Reputation (2017) and its number-one single "Look What You Made Me Do".
| 0.6735 |
open_qa
|
How many voyages did Columbus lead to America?
|
Four
| 0.6734 |
|
information_extraction
|
From the passage provided, extract the different bordering regions to Southeast Asia
|
Southeast Asia is bordered to the north by East Asia, to the west by South Asia and the Bay of Bengal, to the east by Oceania and the Pacific Ocean, and to the south by Australia and the Indian Ocean.
|
Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical south-eastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of mainland China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and north-west of mainland Australia which is part of Oceania. Southeast Asia is bordered to the north by East Asia, to the west by South Asia and the Bay of Bengal, to the east by Oceania and the Pacific Ocean, and to the south by Australia and the Indian Ocean. Apart from the British Indian Ocean Territory and two out of 26 atolls of Maldives in South Asia, Maritime Southeast Asia is the only other subregion of Asia that lies partly within the Southern Hemisphere. Mainland Southeast Asia is completely in the Northern Hemisphere. Timor-Leste and the southern portion of Indonesia are the only parts in Southeast Asia that are south of the Equator.
| 0.6734 |
classification
|
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Falcon, Hawkman
|
Hawkman is DC, Falcon is Marvel
| 0.6734 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given this paragraph, explain who Robert Kiyosaki is?
|
Robert Kiyosaki is an American entrepreneur and author who became famous primarily due to his book Rich Dad Poor Dad which has sold over 41 million copies. He is also the founder of Rich Global LLC and the Rich Dad Company, which provide financial education through books and videos. He is undergoing lawsuits related to these companies which in turn are gaining him more press due to documentaries produced on the subject of these lawsuits.
|
Robert Toru Kiyosaki (born April 8, 1947) is an American entrepreneur, businessman and author. Kiyosaki is the founder of Rich Global LLC and the Rich Dad Company, a private financial education company that provides personal finance and business education to people through books and videos. The company's main revenues come from franchisees of the Rich Dad seminars that are conducted by independent individuals using Kiyosaki's brand name. He is also the creator of the Cashflow board and software games to educate adults and children about business and financial concepts.
Kiyosaki is the author of more than 26 books, including the international self-published personal finance Rich Dad Poor Dad series of books which has been translated into 51 languages and sold over 41 million copies worldwide. Kiyosaki is the subject of a class action suit filed by people who attended his seminars and has been the subject of two investigative documentaries by CBC Canada and WTAE USA. Kiyosaki's company, Rich Global LLC, filed for bankruptcy in 2012.
| 0.6734 |
closed_qa
|
Given the following paragraph, where did the L'Aquila earth occur?
|
The 2009 L'Aquila earthquake occurred in the region of Abruzzo, in central Italy.
|
The 2009 L'Aquila earthquake occurred in the region of Abruzzo, in central Italy. The main shock occurred at 03:32 CEST (01:32 UTC) on 6 April 2009, and was rated 5.8 or 5.9 on the Richter magnitude scale and 6.3 on the moment magnitude scale; its epicentre was near L'Aquila, the capital of Abruzzo, which together with surrounding villages suffered the most damage. There have been several thousand foreshocks and aftershocks since December 2008, more than thirty of which had a Richter magnitude greater than 3.5.
| 0.6734 |
closed_qa
|
Given the passage below, tell me how many Grammy Awards, Emmy Awards, and Billboard Music Awards Taylor Swift has won and how many simultaneous entries she had on the Billboard Global 200 when she had the most simultaneous entries for an artist.
|
Taylor Swift won 12 Grammy Awards, one Emmy Awards, 29 Billboard Music Awards, and had 31 songs on the Billboard Global 200 simultaneously, breaking the record for the most simultaneous entries for an artist on the Billboard Global 200.
|
Swift has won 12 Grammy Awards (including three for Album of the Year—tying for the most by an artist), an Emmy Award, 40 American Music Awards (the most won by an artist),29 Billboard Music Awards (the most won by a woman), 92 Guinness World Records, 14 MTV Video Music Awards (including three Video of the Year wins—the most by an act), 12 Country Music Association Awards (including the Pinnacle Award), eight Academy of Country Music Awards, and two Brit Awards. As a songwriter, she has been honored by the Nashville Songwriters Association, the Songwriters Hall of Fame, and the National Music Publishers' Association and was the youngest person on Rolling Stone's list of the 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time in 2015. At the 64th BMI Awards in 2016, Swift was the first woman to be honored with an award named after its recipient. In 2023, Swift became the first act to be named the global best-selling artist of the year by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) thrice.
From available data, Swift has amassed over 50 million album sales, 150 million single sales, and 114 million units globally, including 78 billion streams. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) ranked her as the Global Recording Artist of the Year for a record three times (2014, 2019 and 2022). Swift has the most number-one albums in the United Kingdom and Ireland for a female artist this millennium and earned the highest income for an artist on Chinese digital music platforms—RMB 159,000,000. Swift is the most streamed female act on Spotify, and the only artist to have received more than 200 million streams in one day (228 million streams on October 21, 2022).The most entries and the most simultaneous entries for an artist on the Billboard Global 200, with 94 and 31 songs, respectively, are among her feats. Her Reputation Stadium Tour (2018) is the highest-grossing North American tour ever, and she was the world's highest-grossing female touring act of the 2010s. Beginning with Fearless, all of her studio albums opened with over a million global units.
| 0.6734 |
creative_writing
|
Make up a plausible fishing story about the one that got away. Write in the first person.
|
Minnesota is the land of 10,000 lakes. A few years ago, my brother and I decided to try our luck at one of the best rumored spots for largemouth bass, Otter Tail Lake. We arrived just after dawn and walked about 30 minutes from public access parking to a secluded bank which we hoped to have to ourselves.
There was not much action. My brother questioned our choice of bait, nightcrawlers, but I told him to keep faith. We were hungry, but realized we'd forgotten our pastries in the car. My brother offered to fetch breakfast. I continued to fish while he was away.
I felt a hard tug on my line. I pulled back on the rod to confirm the bite. I had something big on the line! Carefully I turned the crank, pausing periodically to give the fish a chance to exhaust itself. My patience paid off. I could see the bass in the water a few yards off shore. It appeared to be larger than my arm. I turned the crank and pulled hard on the rod to finish the job. The fish was a fighter, but I felt good about my chances. But suddenly my line snapped and the bass disappeared.
When my brother returned, I told him my story. He was a skeptic. We did not go home empty handed as we landed 3 smaller bass, the largest weighing 4 pounds. But I felt disappointed. We were fishing with a 20 pound test: the one that got away must have been a monster!
| 0.6734 |
|
classification
|
Can you classify what each NFL team is named after?
|
Arizona Cardinals - Animal
Atlanta Falcons - Animal
Baltimore Ravens - Animal
Buffalo Bills - Named after Buffalo Bill Cody
Carolina Panthers - Animal
Chicago Bears - Animal
Cincinnati Bengals - Animal
Cleveland Browns - Named after Head Coach Paul Brown
Dallas Cowboys - Named after men who tend to cattle
Denver Broncos - Animal
Detroit Lions - Animal
Green Bay Packers - Named after an early sponsor of the team, Indian Packing Company
Houston Texans - Named after people who live in Texas
Indianapolis Colts - Animal
Jacksonville Jaguars - Animal
Kansas City Chiefs - Named after former mayor of Kansas City
Las Vegas Raiders - Named after a person who attacks their enemy
Los Angeles Chargers - Named after a person that moves forward with vigor and force
Los Angeles Rams - Animal
Miami Dolphins - Animal
Minnesota Vikings - Named after a group of people originating in Scandinavia
New England Patriots - Named after a person who supports their country
New Orleans Saints - Named after a person that religions recognize as holy and virtuous
New York Giants - Named after of person of exceptional size
New York Jets - Named after a jet airplane
Philadelphia Eagles - Animal
Pittsburgh Steelers - Named after a person who works in a steel factory
San Francisco 49ers - Named after a person who participated in the Gold Rush
Seattle Seahawks - Animal
Tampa Bay Buccaneers - Named after a pirate
Tennessee Titans - Named after a person who is very strong
Washington Commanders - Named after a person in the military
| 0.6734 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given this paragraph about Lady Gaga, which album did "Bloody Mary" appear on?
|
Born this Way (2011)
|
"Bloody Mary" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga recorded for her second studio album Born This Way (2011). Gaga, Fernando Garibay, and Paul "DJ White Shadow" Blair wrote and produced it; Clinton Sparks also received producer credit. "Bloody Mary" is an electropop song with elements of synth-pop and trance, and features Gregorian chants. Although the song's title is an epithet mostly associated with the English queen Mary Tudor, Gaga assumes the role of biblical figure Mary Magdalene in its lyrics, whom she considered a "feminine force" she had worshiped since her childhood in a Catholic girls school. It is one of several tracks on the album with religious themes.
| 0.6734 |
closed_qa
|
Given a reference text about Lasantha Rodrigo, tell me how long he worked as a mechanical engineer and who worked for.
|
Lasantha Rodrigo worked as a mechanical engineer for Ceylon Cold Stores for 31 years.
|
Lasantha Rodrigo (born 28 May 1938) is a former cricketer who played 14 matches of first-class cricket for Ceylon between 1959 and 1971.
Life and career
Lasantha Rodrigo was born in Moratuwa and attended Prince of Wales' College, Moratuwa, where he captained the cricket team in 1958 and 1959, and also captained the Ceylon schools team. His father, J. B. C. Rodrigo, was principal of Prince of Wales' College from 1933 to 1959.
He made his highest first-class score on his debut, in the Gopalan Trophy match in 1958–59, when he scored 89. Batting at number three, he top-scored with 44 for Ceylon in their one-day match against the touring Australians in April 1961. He toured India with the Ceylon team in 1964-65, playing in all three matches against India, but with only moderate success.
He worked for Ceylon Cold Stores for 31 years as a mechanical engineer. Inability to take time off work to play cricket shortened his cricket career. In 2014 he was formally honoured by Sri Lanka Cricket for his services to cricket in Sri Lanka, and awarded 300,000 rupees. In September 2018, he was one of 49 former Sri Lankan cricketers felicitated by Sri Lanka Cricket, to honour them for their services before Sri Lanka became a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).
Rodrigo lives with his wife Sweenie in Moratuwa, opposite Prince of Wales' College. They have a daughter and a son.
| 0.6733 |
closed_qa
|
Given these paragraphs about Large language models, what is Instruction tuning?
|
Instruction tuning is a form of fine-tuning designed to facilitate more natural and accurate zero-shot prompting interactions.
|
A large language model (LLM) is a language model consisting of a neural network with many parameters (typically billions of weights or more), trained on large quantities of unlabelled text using self-supervised learning. LLMs emerged around 2018 and perform well at a wide variety of tasks. This has shifted the focus of natural language processing research away from the previous paradigm of training specialized supervised models for specific tasks.
Properties
Though the term large language model has no formal definition, it often refers to deep learning models having a parameter count on the order of billions or more. LLMs are general purpose models which excel at a wide range of tasks, as opposed to being trained for one specific task (such as sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, or mathematical reasoning). The skill with which they accomplish tasks, and the range of tasks at which they are capable, seems to be a function of the amount of resources (data, parameter-size, computing power) devoted to them, in a way that is not dependent on additional breakthroughs in design.
Though trained on simple tasks along the lines of predicting the next word in a sentence, neural language models with sufficient training and parameter counts are found to capture much of the syntax and semantics of human language. In addition, large language models demonstrate considerable general knowledge about the world, and are able to "memorize" a great quantity of facts during training.
Hallucinations
Main article: Hallucination (artificial intelligence)
In artificial intelligence in general, and in large language models in particular, a "hallucination" is a confident response that does not seem to be justified by the model's training data.
Emergent abilities
On a number of natural language benchmarks involving tasks such as question answering, models perform no better than random chance until they reach a certain scale (in this case, measured by training computation), at which point their performance sharply increases. These are examples of emergent abilities.
Unpredictable abilities that have been observed in large language models but that were not present in simpler models (and that were not explicitly designed into the model) are usually called "emergent abilities". Researchers note that such abilities "cannot be predicted simply by extrapolating the performance of smaller models". These abilities are discovered rather than programmed-in or designed, in some cases only after the LLM has been publicly deployed. Hundreds of emergent abilities have been described. Examples include multi-step arithmetic, taking college-level exams, identifying the intended meaning of a word, chain-of-thought prompting, decoding the International Phonetic Alphabet, unscrambling a word’s letters, identifying offensive content in paragraphs of Hinglish (a combination of Hindi and English), and generating a similar English equivalent of Kiswahili proverbs.
Architecture and training
Large language models have most commonly used the transformer architecture, which, since 2018, has become the standard deep learning technique for sequential data (previously, recurrent architectures such as the LSTM were most common). LLMs are trained in an unsupervised manner on unannotated text. A left-to-right transformer is trained to maximize the probability assigned to the next word in the training data, given the previous context. Alternatively, an LLM may use a bidirectional transformer (as in the example of BERT), which assigns a probability distribution over words given access to both preceding and following context. In addition to the task of predicting the next word or "filling in the blanks", LLMs may be trained on auxiliary tasks which test their understanding of the data distribution such as Next Sentence Prediction (NSP), in which pairs of sentences are presented and the model must predict whether they appear side-by-side in the training corpus.
The earliest LLMs were trained on corpora having on the order of billions of words. The first model in OpenAI's GPT series was trained in 2018 on BookCorpus, consisting of 985 million words. In the same year, BERT was trained on a combination of BookCorpus and English Wikipedia, totalling 3.3 billion words. In the years since then, training corpora for LLMs have increased by orders of magnitude, reaching up to hundreds of billions or trillions of tokens.
LLMs are computationally expensive to train. A 2020 study estimated the cost of training a 1.5 billion parameter model (1-2 orders of magnitude smaller than the state of the art at the time) at $1.6 million.
A 2020 analysis found that neural language models' capability (as measured by training loss) increased smoothly in a power law relationship with number of parameters, quantity of training data, and computation used for training. These relationships were tested over a wide range of values (up to seven orders of magnitude) and no attenuation of the relationship was observed at the highest end of the range (including for network sizes up to trillions of parameters).
Application to downstream tasks
Between 2018 and 2020, the standard method for harnessing an LLM for a specific natural language processing (NLP) task was to fine tune the model with additional task-specific training. It has subsequently been found that more powerful LLMs such as GPT-3 can solve tasks without additional training via "prompting" techniques, in which the problem to be solved is presented to the model as a text prompt, possibly with some textual examples of similar problems and their solutions.
Fine-tuning
Main article: Fine-tuning (machine learning)
Fine-tuning is the practice of modifying an existing pretrained language model by training it (in a supervised fashion) on a specific task (e.g. sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, or part-of-speech tagging). It is a form of transfer learning. It generally involves the introduction of a new set of weights connecting the final layer of the language model to the output of the downstream task. The original weights of the language model may be "frozen", such that only the new layer of weights connecting them to the output are learned during training. Alternatively, the original weights may receive small updates (possibly with earlier layers frozen).
Prompting
See also: Prompt engineering and Few-shot learning (natural language processing)
In the prompting paradigm, popularized by GPT-3, the problem to be solved is formulated via a text prompt, which the model must solve by providing a completion (via inference). In "few-shot prompting", the prompt includes a small number of examples of similar (problem, solution) pairs. For example, a sentiment analysis task of labelling the sentiment of a movie review could be prompted as follows:
Review: This movie stinks.
Sentiment: negative
Review: This movie is fantastic!
Sentiment:
If the model outputs "positive", then it has correctly solved the task. In zero-shot prompting, no solve examples are provided. An example of a zero-shot prompt for the same sentiment analysis task would be "The sentiment associated with the movie review 'This movie is fantastic!' is".
Few-shot performance of LLMs has been shown to achieve competitive results on NLP tasks, sometimes surpassing prior state-of-the-art fine-tuning approaches. Examples of such NLP tasks are translation, question answering, cloze tasks, unscrambling words, and using a novel word in a sentence. The creation and optimisation of such prompts is called prompt engineering.
Instruction tuning
Instruction tuning is a form of fine-tuning designed to facilitate more natural and accurate zero-shot prompting interactions. Given a text input, a pretrained language model will generate a completion which matches the distribution of text on which it was trained. A naive language model given the prompt "Write an essay about the main themes of Hamlet." might provide a completion such as "A late penalty of 10% per day will be applied to submissions received after March 17." In instruction tuning, the language model is trained on many examples of tasks formulated as natural language instructions, along with appropriate responses. Various techniques for instruction tuning have been applied in practice. OpenAI's InstructGPT protocol involves supervised fine-tuning on a dataset of human-generated (prompt, response) pairs, followed by reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), in which a reward function was learned based on a dataset of human preferences. Another technique, "self-instruct", fine-tunes the language model on a training set of examples which are themselves generated by an LLM (bootstrapped from a small initial set of human-generated examples).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_language_model
| 0.6733 |
general_qa
|
Write a review of Roger Zalazny's Lord of Light
|
Brilliant. Since I'm not Indian, this doesn't feel like cultural appropriation to me.
I really did enjoy the imaginative scifi here. Advanced enough technology does become magic. Sam and Yama have an awesome bromance and they work together to tear down the unjust hierarchy. Somehow I make the book sound way more lame than what it actually is. I'll stop here.
| 0.6733 |
|
information_extraction
|
From the passage provided, extract the names of the sisters of Jawaharlal Nehru. Separate them with a comma.
|
Vijaya Lakshmi, Krishna Hutheesing
|
Jawaharlal Nehru was born on 14 November 1889 in Allahabad in British India. His father, Motilal Nehru (1861–1931), a self-made wealthy barrister who belonged to the Kashmiri Pandit community, served twice as president of the Indian National Congress, in 1919 and 1928. His mother, Swarup Rani Thussu (1868–1938), who came from a well-known Kashmiri Brahmin family settled in Lahore, was Motilal's second wife, his first having died in childbirth. Jawaharlal was the eldest of three children. His elder sister, Vijaya Lakshmi, later became the first female president of the United Nations General Assembly. His youngest sister, Krishna Hutheesing, became a noted writer and authored several books on her brother.
| 0.6733 |
open_qa
|
List some of the television gameshows that Bob Stewart created, co-created, and/or produced.
|
The Price is Right, Password, To Tell the Truth, Pyramid shows (such as the $10,000 Pyramid, the $25,000 Pyramid, and so on), Jackpot!, Winning Streak
| 0.6733 |
|
general_qa
|
Can anyone play rugby?
|
One of the great things about rugby is there is a position for everyone of all different shapes and sizes. There are positions built for smaller people, bigger people, tall people, fast people and slow people. Rugby can be played by both men and women, young and old. In fact, competitive rugby can start as young as 5 years old and many people compete into their 60s.
| 0.6733 |
|
general_qa
|
What are the best exercises for lower back pain?
|
The McGill Big 3 are generally the best exercises to help alleviate and improve lower back pain symptoms. The 3 exercises focus on core bracing and core stability which help the back pained individual keep a neutral spine posture, even while bearing load. The three exercises are 1) the modified curl-up, 2) the bird dog, and 3) side planks.
| 0.6733 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given this paragraph on French Revolution, what were the main causes
|
The causes were multiple, including social, politic, and economic factors.
|
The French Revolution (French: Révolution française [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ fʁɑ̃sɛːz]) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy, while the values and institutions it created remain central to French political discourse.
Its causes are generally agreed to be a combination of social, political and economic factors, which the Ancien Régime proved unable to manage. In May 1789, widespread social distress led to the convocation of the Estates General, which was converted into a National Assembly in June. Continuing unrest culminated in the Storming of the Bastille on 14 July, which led to a series of radical measures by the Assembly, including the abolition of feudalism, the imposition of state control over the Catholic Church in France, and extension of the right to vote.
| 0.6732 |
information_extraction
|
Extract all the different ways to describe dolls from these passages
|
paper dolls, infants, adult-bodied doll, adult-figured doll
|
Ruth Handler watched her daughter Barbara play with paper dolls, and noticed that she often enjoyed giving them adult roles. At the time, most children's toy dolls were representations of infants. Realizing that there could be a gap in the market, Handler suggested the idea of an adult-bodied doll to her husband Elliot, a co-founder of the Mattel toy company. He was unenthusiastic about the idea, as were Mattel's directors.
During a trip to Europe in 1956 with her children Barbara and Kenneth, Ruth Handler came across a German toy doll called Bild Lilli. The adult-figured doll was exactly what Handler had in mind, so she purchased three of them. She gave one to her daughter and took the others back to Mattel. The Lilli doll was based on a popular character appearing in a comic strip drawn by Reinhard Beuthin for the newspaper Bild. Lilli was a blonde bombshell, a working girl who knew what she wanted and was not above using men to get it. The Lilli doll was first sold in Germany in 1955, and although it was initially sold to adults, it became popular with children who enjoyed dressing her up in outfits that were available separately.
| 0.6732 |
brainstorming
|
Give me some ideas for different TV shows that I can recommend to my parents?
|
That depends on what type of TV shows your parents enjoy, but here are a few shows that are popular among older adults and so would likely be enjoyed by your parents. Yellowstone, Gaslit, Schitt's Creek, The Crown and The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel.
| 0.6732 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given these paragraphs about the founding of Tesla, who else part from Elon Musk and J. B. Straubel are co-founders of Tesla?
|
Eberhard, Tarpenning and Wright
|
The company was incorporated as Tesla Motors, Inc. on July 1, 2003, by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning. Eberhard and Tarpenning served as CEO and CFO, respectively. Eberhard said he wanted to build "a car manufacturer that is also a technology company", with its core technologies as "the battery, the computer software, and the proprietary motor".
Ian Wright was Tesla's third employee, joining a few months later. In February 2004, the company raised $7.5 million in series A funding, including $6.5 million from Elon Musk, who had received $100 million from the sale of his interest in PayPal two years earlier. Musk became the chairman of the board of directors and the largest shareholder of Tesla. J. B. Straubel joined Tesla in May 2004 as chief technical officer.
A lawsuit settlement agreed to by Eberhard and Tesla in September 2009 allows all five – Eberhard, Tarpenning, Wright, Musk, and Straubel – to call themselves co-founders.
| 0.6732 |
general_qa
|
Why do people enjoy baseball?
|
Baseball requires skill, practice, hard work, hand eye coordination and grit. There are one hundred and fifty plus games per year in the major league, and most players will be on the field for 70% of those games. There are few thrills better than being in the stands watching your home team win a game in the last inning by hitting a game-winning homerun.
| 0.6732 |
|
general_qa
|
Can you own a car in a state with an out of state driver license?
|
The short is answer is yes for most of the states. For example in the state of Washington you can register a car with an out of state license as long as you don't plan to become a resident of the state. There are ofcourse rules around what it takes to become a resident of the state and a government website is ideal for it.
| 0.6732 |
|
information_extraction
|
Extract the ingredients needed to make pasta carbonara. Separate them with a comma.
|
Eggs, hard cheese, cured pork, black pepper
|
Carbonara (Italian: [karboˈnaːra]) is a Roman pasta dish made with eggs, hard cheese, cured pork and black pepper. The dish took its modern form and name in the middle of the 20th century.
The cheese is usually Pecorino Romano, Parmigiano-Reggiano, or a combination of the two. Spaghetti is the most common pasta, but fettuccine, rigatoni, linguine, or bucatini are also used. Normally guanciale or pancetta are used for the meat component,] but lardons of smoked bacon are a common substitute outside Italy.
| 0.6732 |
closed_qa
|
Given a reference text about the golden-green woodpecker, tell be how big they are.
|
The golden-green woodpecker weighs between 55 and 91 grams and is between 18 and 27 centimeters long.
|
The golden-green woodpecker (Piculus chrysochloros) is a species of bird in subfamily Picinae of the woodpecker family Picidae. It is found in Panama and every mainland South American country except Chile and Uruguay.
The golden-green woodpecker is 18 to 27 cm (7.1 to 11 in) long and weighs 55 to 91 g (1.9 to 3.2 oz). Males and females have the same plumage except on their heads. Males of the nominate subspecies P. c. chrysochloros are red from forehead to nape, have olive green from the lores around the eye and onto the side of the neck, and successively a pale yellow stripe, a short red malar band, and an olive green stripe below that area. Their chin and upper throat are yellow. The nominate female has no red on its head; its forehead to nape are olive and it has an olive-brown malar area. Nominate adults have olive green upperparts. Their flight feathers are darker olive-brown and their tail dark olive-brown. Their underparts are pale yellow-buff with olive-brown bars. Their longtish beak is dark gray to blackish with a paler base, their iris white to bluish white, and the legs grayish green. Juveniles are generally duller than adults and have less well defined barring on their underparts.
Subspecies P. c. xanthochlorus is smaller and brighter yellow than the nominate, and the female has a yellow crown. P. c. capistratus is very large and a darker olive green above than the nominate, and has less red in the malar area, a barred throat, and greenish white instead of yellow buff on their underparts. P. c. paraensis is intermediate in size. Its cheek stripe, throat, and underparts' base color are cinnamon-buff. Males have a green, not red, malar, and females have a greenish yellow crown. P. c. laemostictus is large and rather dark, with a plain whitish throat. P. c. polyzonus is also large, with a pale yellow cheek stripe and throat and a yellow base color on the underparts
| 0.6731 |
brainstorming
|
How would you train for a marathon?
|
If you are not regularly running, but are generally fit, it would require many months of training to complete a marathon. Running at least 3 or better 4 times a week will be necessary. You should gradually increase your training load. A good guidance is to not increase the total mileage by more than 10% per week. One of the weekly runs should be a long run. You can should start with a distance that you are able to currently run, and keep gradually increasing it every week until you are able to run 30 km. You shouldn't need training runs longer than that. You should be able to run 30 km about 6 weeks before your target marathon. In the last weeks before the marathon decrease it down to about 20 km. The other runs in the week should be shorter. You should start as short as you are comfortable, and then increase them until they are 10-12 km. You should run all these runs at an easy pace, that would allow you to hold a conversation.
Good luck with your marathon!
| 0.6731 |
|
open_qa
|
why is twitter messages limited to 140 characters
|
Twitter was originally designed for phone text messages and most phones had a limited amount of characters to send messages.
| 0.6731 |
|
summarization
|
List down some points about life of cricketer Peggy Antonio from the given passage
|
1. Peggy Antonio, also referred to as the "Girl Grimmett," played women's Test cricket for Australia and died on January 11, 2002, in Melbourne, Australia.
2. Antonio grew up in the working-class Melbourne district of Port Melbourne, Victoria.
3. When she was 15 months old, her father, a Chilean docker of French and Spanish ancestry, passed away.
4. With her uncle's encouragement, she picked up cricket from the guys on the streets of her area.
5. She was fortunate enough to work at a shoe factory in the Collingwood industrial area during the Great Depression as a young child.
6. Eddie Conlon, a club cricketer with encyclopaedic knowledge of the game, saw Antonio when he was playing for the women's cricket team at the factory.
7. With Conlon's help, Antonio created an uncommon combination of leg spin and off spin, including a top spinner and a wrong'un.
|
Peggy Antonio (2 June 1917 – 11 January 2002, Melbourne, Australia) was an Australian women's Test cricketer, known as the "Girl Grimmett".
Antonio was raised in Port Melbourne, Victoria, a working class suburb of Melbourne. Her father was a Chilean docker of French and Spanish descent who died when she was 15 months. With the encouragement of her uncle she learnt her cricket from the boys in her neighbourhood streets. As a young girl during the Great Depression, she was lucky enough to find work at a shoe factory in the industrial suburb of Collingwood. The factory was home to a women's cricket team where Antonio came to the attention of Eddie Conlon, a club cricketer with an encyclopaedic knowledge of the game. With the assistance of Conlon, Antonio developed a rare mix of leg spin and off spin, including a top spinner and a wrong'un.
| 0.6731 |
information_extraction
|
As per the following passage what did William Gilbert do?
|
Electricity would remain little more than an intellectual curiosity for millennia until 1600, when the English scientist William Gilbert wrote De Magnete, in which he made a careful study of electricity and magnetism, distinguishing the lodestone effect from static electricity produced by rubbing amber. He coined the New Latin word electricus ("of amber" or "like amber",, elektron, the Greek word for "amber") to refer to the property of attracting small objects after being rubbed. This association gave rise to the English words "electric" and "electricity", which made their first appearance in print in Thomas Browne's Pseudodoxia Epidemica of 1646.
|
Long before any knowledge of electricity existed, people were aware of shocks from electric fish. Ancient Egyptian texts dating from 2750 BCE referred to these fish as the "Thunderer of the Nile", and described them as the "protectors" of all other fish. Electric fish were again reported millennia later by ancient Greek, Roman and Arabic naturalists and physicians. Several ancient writers, such as Pliny the Elder and Scribonius Largus, attested to the numbing effect of electric shocks delivered by electric catfish and electric rays, and knew that such shocks could travel along conducting objects. Patients with ailments such as gout or headache were directed to touch electric fish in the hope that the powerful jolt might cure them.
Ancient cultures around the Mediterranean knew that certain objects, such as rods of amber, could be rubbed with cat's fur to attract light objects like feathers. Thales of Miletus made a series of observations on static electricity around 600 BCE, from which he believed that friction rendered amber magnetic, in contrast to minerals such as magnetite, which needed no rubbing.
Thales was incorrect in believing the attraction was due to a magnetic effect, but later science would prove a link between magnetism and electricity. According to a controversial theory, the Parthians may have had knowledge of electroplating, based on the 1936 discovery of the Baghdad Battery, which resembles a galvanic cell, though it is uncertain whether the artifact was electrical in nature.
Electricity would remain little more than an intellectual curiosity for millennia until 1600, when the English scientist William Gilbert wrote De Magnete, in which he made a careful study of electricity and magnetism, distinguishing the lodestone effect from static electricity produced by rubbing amber. He coined the New Latin word electricus ("of amber" or "like amber",, elektron, the Greek word for "amber") to refer to the property of attracting small objects after being rubbed. This association gave rise to the English words "electric" and "electricity", which made their first appearance in print in Thomas Browne's Pseudodoxia Epidemica of 1646.
Further work was conducted in the 17th and early 18th centuries by Otto von Guericke, Robert Boyle, Stephen Gray and C. F. du Fay. Later in the 18th century, Benjamin Franklin conducted extensive research in electricity, selling his possessions to fund his work. In June 1752 he is reputed to have attached a metal key to the bottom of a dampened kite string and flown the kite in a storm-threatened sky. A succession of sparks jumping from the key to the back of his hand showed that lightning was indeed electrical in nature. He also explained the apparently paradoxical behavior of the Leyden jar as a device for storing large amounts of electrical charge in terms of electricity consisting of both positive and negative charges
In 1775, Hugh Williamson reported a series of experiments to the Royal Society on the shocks delivered by the electric eel; that same year the surgeon and anatomist John Hunter described the structure of the fish's electric organs. In 1791, Luigi Galvani published his discovery of bioelectromagnetics, demonstrating that electricity was the medium by which neurons passed signals to the muscles. Alessandro Volta's battery, or voltaic pile, of 1800, made from alternating layers of zinc and copper, provided scientists with a more reliable source of electrical energy than the electrostatic machines previously used. The recognition of electromagnetism, the unity of electric and magnetic phenomena, is due to Hans Christian Ørsted and André-Marie Ampère in 1819–1820. Michael Faraday invented the electric motor in 1821, and Georg Ohm mathematically analysed the electrical circuit in 1827. Electricity and magnetism (and light) were definitively linked by James Clerk Maxwell, in particular in his "On Physical Lines of Force" in 1861 and 1862.
While the early 19th century had seen rapid progress in electrical science, the late 19th century would see the greatest progress in electrical engineering. Through such people as Alexander Graham Bell, Ottó Bláthy, Thomas Edison, Galileo Ferraris, Oliver Heaviside, Ányos Jedlik, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, Charles Algernon Parsons, Werner von Siemens, Joseph Swan, Reginald Fessenden, Nikola Tesla and George Westinghouse, electricity turned from a scientific curiosity into an essential tool for modern life.
In 1887, Heinrich Hertz discovered that electrodes illuminated with ultraviolet light create electric sparks more easily. In 1905, Albert Einstein published a paper that explained experimental data from the photoelectric effect as being the result of light energy being carried in discrete quantized packets, energising electrons. This discovery led to the quantum revolution. Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for "his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect". The photoelectric effect is also employed in photocells such as can be found in solar panels.
The first solid-state device was the "cat's-whisker detector" first used in the 1900s in radio receivers. A whisker-like wire is placed lightly in contact with a solid crystal (such as a germanium crystal) to detect a radio signal by the contact junction effect. In a solid-state component, the current is confined to solid elements and compounds engineered specifically to switch and amplify it. Current flow can be understood in two forms: as negatively charged electrons, and as positively charged electron deficiencies called holes. These charges and holes are understood in terms of quantum physics. The building material is most often a crystalline semiconductor.
Solid-state electronics came into its own with the emergence of transistor technology. The first working transistor, a germanium-based point-contact transistor, was invented by John Bardeen and Walter Houser Brattain at Bell Labs in 1947, followed by the bipolar junction transistor in 1948.
| 0.6731 |
general_qa
|
I want to get in shape. What nutrition and exercise program should I follow?
|
There are several diets and training programs depending on your specific goals. To improve overall physical fitness it is recommended to combine some sort of low impact aerobic training (e.g. swimming, biking, pilates, gym cardio equipment) with stretching exercises such as yoga. You can combine these workout routines with a healthy diet high in fiber and protein and low in sugar and carbohydrates. For strength and muscle gain try high load resistance training of all muscle groups combined with protein supplements. For weight loss you should avoid extreme one-time diets and exercise routines, on the contrary, focus on developing long term healthy eating and exercising habits that will not only help you control your weight and cardiovascular fitness but also maintain a healthy lifestyle in the long run.
| 0.6731 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given the reference article, Please give marriage date of indian actor Shahrukh Khan
|
Shahrukh Khan married Gauri in a traditional Hindu wedding ceremony on 25 October 1991
|
Although Khan was given the birth name Shahrukh Khan, he prefers his name to be written as Shah Rukh Khan, and is commonly referred to by the initialism SRK. He married Gauri Chibber, a Punjabi Hindu, in a traditional Hindu wedding ceremony on 25 October 1991, after a six-year courtship. They have a son Aryan (born 1997) and a daughter Suhana (born 2000). In 2013, they became parents of a third child, a son named AbRam, who was born through a surrogate mother. Both his elder children have expressed interest in entering the entertainment industry; Khan has stated that Aryan, who studied filmmaking at the USC School of Cinematic Arts in California, aspires to become a writer-director, while Suhana, who served as assistant director for Khan's film Zero (2018), is studying drama and acting at NYU's Tisch School of the Arts for higher education. Suhana made her acting debut in November 2019, in a short film titled "The Grey Part of Blue." According to Khan, while he strongly believes in Islam, he also values his wife's religion. His children follow both religions; at his home the Qur'an is situated next to the murti of Hindu deities.
| 0.673 |
closed_qa
|
Given this paragraph about pyramids , when was the first pyramid built?
|
2630–2610 BCE
|
The Egyptian pyramids are ancient masonry structures located in Egypt. Sources cite at least 118 identified "Egyptian" pyramids. Approximately 80 pyramids were built within the Kingdom of Kush, now located in the modern country of Sudan. Of those located in modern Egypt, most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods.
The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis, although at least one step-pyramid-like structure has been found at Saqqara, dating to the First Dynasty: Mastaba 3808, which has been attributed to the reign of Pharaoh Anedjib, with inscriptions, and other archaeological remains of the period, suggesting there may have been others. The otherwise earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser built c. 2630–2610 BCE during the Third Dynasty. This pyramid and its surrounding complex are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry.
The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo. Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built. The Pyramid of Khufu is the largest Egyptian pyramid. It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence, despite its being the oldest wonder by about 2,000 years.
| 0.673 |
general_qa
|
What is a GIS?
|
A GIS is a tool for making and using spatial information. Among the many definitions of GIS, we choose: A GIS is a computer-based system to aid in the collection, maintenance, storage, analysis, output, and distribution of spatial information. When used wisely, GIS can help us livehealthier, wealthier, and safer lives. Each GIS user may decide what features and attributes are important. For example, forests are good for us. They may protect water supplies, yield wood, harbor wildlife,and provide space to recreate.We are concerned about the level of harvest, the adjacent land use, pollution from nearby industries, or where forests burn. Informed management requires knowledge of all these related factors and, perhaps above all, the spatial arrangement of these factors. Buffer strips near rivers may protect water supplies,clearings may prevent the spread of fire, and polluters upwind may harm our forests. A GIS helps us analyze these spatial interactions, and is also particularly useful at displaying spatial data and analysis. A GIS is often the only way to solve spatially-related problems.
| 0.673 |
|
classification
|
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Scarlet Witch, Zatanna
|
Zatanna is DC, Scarlet Witch is Marvel
| 0.673 |
|
brainstorming
|
Give me a list of Serie A winners in the last five years with corresponding points.
|
2021-2022: AC Milan, 86
2020-2021: Inter, 91
2019-2020: Juventus, 83
2018-2019: Juventus, 90
2017-2018: Juventus, 95
| 0.673 |
|
information_extraction
|
From the passage below, please extract the official starting date of the United States Space Force.
|
The United States Space Force Act was signed into law as part of the National Defense Authorization Act on December 20, 2019. This act reorganized the Air Force Space Command and other space elements into the United States Space Force, and officially created the first new independent military service since the Army Air Forces were reorganized as the U.S. Air Force in 1947.
|
The U.S. Space Force traces its roots to the beginning of the Cold War, with the first Army Air Forces space programs starting in 1945. In 1954, the Western Development Division, under General Bernard Schriever, was established as the first dedicated space organization within the U.S. Armed Forces and continues to exist as the Space Force's Space and Missile Systems Center. Military space forces were organized under several different Air Force major commands until they were unified when Air Force Space Command was established on 1 September 1982. U.S. space forces first began conducting combat support operations in the Vietnam War and continued to provide satellite communications, weather, and navigation support during the 1982 Falklands War, 1983 United States invasion of Grenada, 1986 United States bombing of Libya, and 1989 United States invasion of Panama. The first major employment of space forces culminated in the Gulf War, where they proved so critical to the U.S.-led coalition that it is sometimes referred to as the first "space war".
The first discussions of creating a military space service occurred in 1958, and it was nearly established in 1982 by President Ronald Reagan as part of the Strategic Defense Initiative, but the idea dissolved with treaty compliance concerns. A 2001 Space Commission argued for the creation of a Space Corps around 2007–2011, but no action was taken by the Obama Administration. On 20 December 2019, the United States Space Force Act was signed into law as part of the National Defense Authorization Act, reorganizing Air Force Space Command and other space elements into the United States Space Force, and creating the first new independent military service since the Army Air Forces were reorganized as the U.S. Air Force in 1947.
| 0.673 |
information_extraction
|
From the passage find the major production areas where Avocado is cultivated. Display the results in comma separated format.
|
Chile, Mexico, California
|
The avocado (Persea americana) is a medium-sized, evergreen tree in the laurel family (Lauraceae). It is native to the Americas and was first domesticated by Mesoamerican tribes more than 5,000 years ago. Then as now it was prized for its large and unusually oily fruit. The tree likely originated in the highlands bridging south-central Mexico and Guatemala. Its fruit, sometimes also referred to as an alligator or avocado pear, is botanically a large berry containing a single large seed. Avocado trees are partly self-pollinating, and are often propagated through grafting to maintain consistent fruit output. Avocados are presently cultivated in the tropical and Mediterranean climates of many countries. Mexico is the world's leading producer of avocados as of 2020, supplying nearly 30% of the global harvest in that year.
The fruit of domestic varieties have smooth, buttery, golden-green flesh when ripe. Depending on the cultivar, avocados have green, brown, purplish, or black skin, and may be pear-shaped, egg-shaped, or spherical. For commercial purposes the fruits are picked while unripe and ripened after harvesting. The nutrient density and extremely high fat content of avocado flesh are useful to a variety of cuisines and are often eaten to enrich vegetarian diets.
In major production regions like Chile, Mexico and California the water demands of avocado farms place strain on local sources. Avocado production is also implicated in other externalities, including deforestation and human rights concerns associated with the partial control of their production in Mexico by organized crime. Global warming is expected to result in significant changes to the suitable growing zones for avocados, and place additional pressures on the locales in which they are produced due to heat waves and drought.
| 0.673 |
summarization
|
From the given text, List some details about the song "Key West (Philosopher Pirate)"
|
1. Bob Dylan, an American singer-songwriter, wrote and recorded the song "Key West (Philosopher Pirate)," which was included as the ninth track on his 2020 album Rough and Rowdy Ways.
2. Many reviews have praised this mid-tempo, accordion-driven ballad as the album's best track.
3. It is one of just two songs on the album (the other being "I've Made Up My Mind to Give Myself to You") to have backup singers, and it is the only song on the album with a conventional chorus.
|
"Key West (Philosopher Pirate)" is a song written and performed by the American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan and released as the ninth track on his 2020 album Rough and Rowdy Ways. It is a mid-tempo, accordion-driven ballad that has been cited as a high point of the album by many critics.
It is the only song on the album to feature a traditional chorus and one of only two songs (the other being "I've Made Up My Mind to Give Myself to You") to feature backing vocals.
| 0.673 |
classification
|
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Namor, Aquaman
|
Aquaman is DC, Namor is Marvel
| 0.673 |
|
information_extraction
|
From the passage provided, extract when the roaring lion photograph was shot
|
The photograph was shot on December 30, 1941
|
The Roaring Lion is a black and white photographic portrait of a 67-year-old Winston Churchill as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The portrait was taken in 1941 by Armenian-Canadian photographer Yousuf Karsh in the Centre Block on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Date and location of photography
The photograph was shot on December 30, 1941, in the Speaker's Chamber of the Canadian Speaker of the House of Commons at Parliament in Ottawa after Churchill delivered his "Some chicken, some neck" speech on World War II to Canadian members of parliament. The brief photo session was arranged by the Canadian prime minister, William Lyon Mackenzie King.
| 0.6729 |
information_extraction
|
What are some areas that firefighters can safely stay in while fighting a wildfire?
|
Firefighters can use burnt areas, car parks and sports areas to stay safe during a wildfire
|
Outcomes from Project Vesta have been integrated into firefighter training in Australia and are beginning to appear in the United States.
Firefighters try to stay out of the dead man zone at all times, working from safe points such as burnt ground or a large area of non-burnable ground, such as a cricket or Australian rules football oval, or a large car park. This is achieved by attacking the fire from the flanks, or the rear, so that burnt ground is always nearby, and the fire is always in front of the firefighters. This avoids two disadvantages of attacking fires at the head of the fire where spot fires may start behind them or changes in wind behavior might accelerate the spread of the fire.
The result of several inquiries into firefighter death in Australian bushfires found that firefighters should stay out of the dead man zone and that they should always keep 250 liters of water in their truck for personal safety. This is now a standard operating procedure in the NSW Rural Fire Service, Country Fire Service and Country Fire Authority in Australia.
| 0.6729 |
open_qa
|
What is an octave?
|
In music theory, the octave is a musical interval consisting of seven notes, for example, from one C to another C. Two notes that form an octave sound very similar and differ in pitch or frequency. The frequency of the higher note is twice that of the lower note.
| 0.6729 |
|
open_qa
|
Which USA government agency is responsible for preventing diseases?
|
The Centers for Disease Control is a US Federal agency responsible for preventing diseases and sharing health tools and information for communities to protect their health.
| 0.6729 |
|
classification
|
Classify these foods as proteins or carbohydrates
|
bread, grilled chicken, salmon, steak, chips, rice
| 0.6729 |
|
open_qa
|
What are some of the highest-rated episodes of The X-Files, based on viewer's ratings?
|
According to IMDB, users on the site have ranked the following as the top ten episodes from The X-Files: Bad Blood, Clyde Bruckman's Final Repose, Anasazi, Dreamland, Musings of a Cigarette Smoking Man, Paper Clip, Redux II, The Erlenmeyer Flask, Jose Chung's From Outer Space, and Small Potatoes.
| 0.6729 |
|
general_qa
|
How do I train for a marathon?
|
To train for a marathon, start training 16 to 20 weeks before the day of the race. Your weekly milage should already be about 30 miles per week, with a strong 10 miler long run each week. Gradually build your mileage each week by 10% to 20%. You can also train based on time on your feet, rather than mileage. Your diet may need to be adjusted depending on the number of days/week you are training and your basal metabolic rate. Avoid injury by stretching daily and cross-training at least once a week. Run at least three 18-20 milers within the last 6 weeks of your training. Two weeks before the race, taper your runs to be shorter, with your last 2 long runs being about 15-17 miles and 10-12 miles.
| 0.6729 |
|
closed_qa
|
Which two kings did Sir Oliver Ingham serve under?
|
King Edward II of England and his successor, King Edward III
|
Sir Oliver Ingham (about 1287–1344) was an English knight and landowner who served as a soldier and administrator under King Edward II of England and his successor, King Edward III. He was responsible for the civil government and military defence of the Duchy of Aquitaine during the War of Saint-Sardos and the early part of the Hundred Years' War.
Born about 1287, he was the son and heir of Sir John Ingham (1260-1309) of Ingham, Norfolk, who had served in the wars of King Edward I against the Scots, and his wife Margery. In 1310 he not only inherited his father's lands in Norfolk, Suffolk, Wiltshire and Hampshire but was himself summoned by King Edward II for military service against Scotland. Appointed a household knight of the king, he received many royal grants including the custody of Ellesmere Castle in Shropshire, keeper for the counties of Cheshire and Flintshire, and official positions in Shropshire and Wiltshire. As a knight banneret, he served in Scotland with the king in August 1322.
| 0.6729 |
general_qa
|
Why do Jews eat matza on Passover?
|
The book of Exodus commands the Jews to eat matza. The bible says that at the time of the exodus, the Jews left Egypt in such a hurry that their dough did not have time to rise. To commemorate this, they eat unleavened bread, or matza, every Passover.
Many Jews eat matza today, even if they do not believe that they obeying a divine command. They may eat matza as a means of connecting with their Jewish heritage, or because they are participating in a seder, the traditional Passover meal, or just because they like the taste.
| 0.6729 |
|
open_qa
|
Does Lego release any sets with tanks?
|
No, the Lego corporation has a policy to never produce real modern military equipment or vehicles. However, plenty of people unaffiliated with Lego have designed Lego tanks, and many other buildable brick companies have produced tank sets as well.
| 0.6729 |
|
open_qa
|
What is the YIMBY movement?
|
YIMBY stands for Yes In My Back Yard. The YIMBY movement is a grassroots response to the phenomenon of NIMBYism, which stands for Not In My Back Yard, and is the name for concentrated local opposition to societally-beneficial resources. For example, NIMBY neighbors might oppose the construction of a new hospital in their neighborhood on the grounds that it will increase local traffic. The whole city will benefit from the new hospital, but the immediate neighbors will oppose it on these grounds regardless of where in the city it is constructed.
The YIMBY movement in the United States is primarily concerned with housing. YIMBY organizations have been formed across the country to support measures that will increase the supply of housing, such as repealing bans on the construction of apartment buildings.
| 0.6728 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given the following paragraph about Latin Text, what does "Dona nobis pacem" mean in English?
|
"Give us peace"
|
"Dona nobis pacem" (Ecclesiastical Latin: [ˈdona ˈnobis ˈpatʃem], "Give us peace") is a round for three parts to a short Latin text from the Agnus Dei. The melody has been passed orally. The round is part of many hymnals and songbooks. Beyond use at church, the round has been popular for secular quests for peace, such as the reunification of Germany.
| 0.6728 |
classification
|
Tell me which months have 30 days and which have 31 days, based on this list: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, and December.
|
Months that have 30 days are: April, June, September and November.
Months that have 31 days are: January, March, May, July, August, October and December.
| 0.6728 |
|
open_qa
|
Who was the Italian dictator responsible for introducing fascism to Italy and joining the Axis in World War 2?
|
Benito Mussolini
| 0.6728 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given this paragraph about the Cold War, why did the Soviets pull out of their war in Afghanistan?
|
The Soviets withdrew from the Soviet-Afghan War beginning in May 1988 due to international opposition, persistent anti-Soviet guerrilla warfare, and a lack of support by Soviet citizens.
|
After World War II, parts of Eastern and Central Europe, including East Germany and eastern parts of Austria were occupied by Red Army according to the Potsdam Conference. Dependent communist governments were installed in the Eastern Bloc satellite states. After becoming the world's second nuclear power, the Soviet Union established the Warsaw Pact alliance, and entered into a struggle for global dominance, known as the Cold War, with the rivaling United States and NATO. After Stalin's death in 1953 and a short period of collective rule, the new leader Nikita Khrushchev denounced Stalin and launched the policy of de-Stalinization, releasing many political prisoners from the Gulag labor camps. The general easement of repressive policies became known later as the Khrushchev Thaw. At the same time, Cold War tensions reached its peak when the two rivals clashed over the deployment of the United States Jupiter missiles in Turkey and Soviet missiles in Cuba.
In 1957, the Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, thus starting the Space Age. Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit the Earth, aboard the Vostok 1 manned spacecraft on 12 April 1961. Following the ousting of Khrushchev in 1964, another period of collective rule ensued, until Leonid Brezhnev became the leader. The era of the 1970s and the early 1980s was later designated as the Era of Stagnation. The 1965 Kosygin reform aimed for partial decentralisation of the Soviet economy. In 1979, after a communist-led revolution in Afghanistan, Soviet forces invaded the country, ultimately starting the Soviet–Afghan War. In May 1988, the Soviets started to withdraw from Afghanistan, due to international opposition, persistent anti-Soviet guerrilla warfare, and a lack of support by Soviet citizens.
From 1985 onwards, the last Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, who sought to enact liberal reforms in the Soviet system, introduced the policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) in an attempt to end the period of economic stagnation and to democratise the government. This, however, led to the rise of strong nationalist and separatist movements across the country. Prior to 1991, the Soviet economy was the world's second-largest, but during its final years, it went into a crisis.
By 1991, economic and political turmoil began to boil over as the Baltic states chose to secede from the Soviet Union. On 17 March, a referendum was held, in which the vast majority of participating citizens voted in favour of changing the Soviet Union into a renewed federation. In June 1991, Boris Yeltsin became the first directly elected president in Russian history when he was elected president of the Russian SFSR. In August 1991, a coup d'état attempt by members of Gorbachev's government, directed against Gorbachev and aimed at preserving the Soviet Union, instead led to the end of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. On 25 December 1991, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, along with contemporary Russia, fourteen other post-Soviet states emerged.
| 0.6728 |
information_extraction
|
From the passage find the list of banks who supported Yes Bank in 2020. Display the results in comma separated format.
|
Reserve Bank of India (RBI), State Bank of India (SBI), HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Axis Bank
|
The history of Yes Bank can be traced back to 1999, when three Indian bankers decided to launch a non-banking financial enterprise together. They were Ashok Kapur, who had previously worked as the national head for the ABN Amro Bank, Harkirat Singh, who had previously worked as the country head for the Deutsche Bank, and Rana Kapoor, who had previously worked as the head of corporate finance for the ANZ Grindlays Bank. The Rabobank in the Netherlands held the remaining 75% of the shares in the non-banking financial business. The three Indian promoters each owned 25% of the company. In 2003, it was rebranded as the Yes Bank. It was also the same year that Harkirat Singh resigned due to concerns over the influence exercised by Rabobank in the hiring of CEO and executive chairman positions.
Yes Bank has been unable to raise capital over the past few years, which has led to a steady deterioration in its financial position. This has resulted in potential loan losses, which in turn led to downgrades, which prompted investors to invoke bond covenants, and a withdrawal of deposits by customers. Over the course of the previous four quarters, the bank racked up losses and very little income. Rana Kapoor was fired as a result, and he was arrested in connection with a INR 466 crore money laundering case.
The bank's management, under the new leadership of Kumar, immediately repositioned itself and dealt with all internal and market related challenges to restore customer and depositor confidence. Under the coordinated efforts of the new board and management, Mehta assured shareholders of a speedy recovery, even as the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), State Bank of India (SBI), HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Axis Bank and other banks lent it support through the historic Yes Bank Reconstruction Scheme 2020.
In July 2020, Yes Bank Ltd closed their follow-on public offer (FPO) with 95% subscription, driven by institutional investors.
As of 28 July 2020, Yes Bank is an associate of State Bank of India which has a 30% stake in the company.
On 21 February 2023, Yes Bank issued 2,13,650 equity shares to its employees under the company ESOP plan.
| 0.6728 |
information_extraction
|
From the passage provided, extract where Thomas finished high school.
|
Thomas finished high school at John Muir High School in Pasadena, California.
|
Thomas attended the local Medicine Lodge school through the 11th grade, the last grade the school offered. He moved to Pasadena, California and finished high school at John Muir High School. He attended Pasadena Junior College for two years and then obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in Forestry in February, 1941, from the University of Idaho, at Moscow, Idaho.
In 1950, he enrolled in Texas A&M University, at College Station, Texas, where he obtained a MS degree in Wildlife Management in 1951 and a Ph.D in Wildlife Management in 1954 (called Range Management then).
| 0.6728 |
closed_qa
|
Given this paragraph about Jordan, tell me where it is located and which countries it borders?
|
Jordan is a country in Western Asia and it is border by Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Syria, Palestine, and Israel.
|
Jordan (Arabic: الأردن, tr. Al-ʾUrdunn [al.ʔur.dunː]), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in Western Asia. It is situated at the crossroads of Asia, Africa, and Europe, within the Levant region, on the East Bank of the Jordan River. Jordan is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south and east, Iraq to the northeast, Syria to the north, and the Palestinian West Bank, Israel, and the Dead Sea to the west. It has a 26 km (16 mi) coastline in its southwest on the Gulf of Aqaba's Red Sea, which separates Jordan from Egypt. Amman is Jordan's capital and largest city, as well as its economic, political, and cultural centre.
| 0.6728 |
closed_qa
|
Tell me about Holi and why so many people in the world celebrate it?
|
Holi is an festival celebrated by Hindus in India. Even though it was originated by Hindu religion, it is celebrated across India irrespective of religion. It has become a notable Indian cultural representation. The reason so many people in the world celebrate it is because India has one of the largest population in the world.
|
Holi ( /ˈhoʊliː/) is a popular and significant Hindu festival celebrated as the Festival of Colours, Love and Spring. It celebrates the eternal and divine love of the god Radha and Krishna. Additionally, the day also signifies the triumph of good over evil,as it commemorates the victory of Vishnu as Narasimha Narayana over Hiranyakashipu. Holi is originated and is predominantly celebrated in the Indian subcontinent but has also spread to other regions of Asia and parts of the Western world through the Indian diaspora.
| 0.6728 |
open_qa
|
Why is the Bay Area football team called the 49ers?
|
The "49ers" is the nickname for those who flocked to Northern California in 1849 hoping to take advantage of the gold rush. The 49ers were also the first NFL team, and in fact, the first major professional sports team to originate on the West Coast.
| 0.6728 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given a reference text about "Ghouli" tell me what happens in the episode.
|
In the episode "Ghouli", Fox Mulder and Dana Scully investigate a pair of teenage girls that attack one another believing the other is a monster.
|
"Ghouli" is the fifth episode of the eleventh season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files. The episode was written and directed by James Wong. The tagline for this episode is "You see what I want you to see". Though not originally billed as a mythology episode, "Ghouli" helps to explore the series' overarching mythology and serves as the second of three mythology episodes of the season following the season premiere.
The show centers on FBI special agents who work on unsolved paranormal cases called X-Files; focusing on the investigations of Fox Mulder (David Duchovny), and Dana Scully (Gillian Anderson) after their reinstatement in the FBI. In this episode, A pair of teenage girls attack one another, each believing the other to be a monster, known as "Ghouli." Mulder and Scully find that their investigation leads back to their long-lost son, William.
| 0.6728 |
summarization
|
According to the text what are the most common symptoms of COVID-19?
|
coughing, fever, loss of smell (anosmia), loss of taste (ageusia)
|
The symptoms of COVID-19 are variable depending on the type of variant contracted, ranging from mild symptoms to a potentially fatal illness. Common symptoms include coughing, fever, loss of smell (anosmia) and taste (ageusia), with less common ones including headaches, nasal congestion and runny nose, muscle pain, sore throat, diarrhea, eye irritation, and toes swelling or turning purple, and in moderate to severe cases, breathing difficulties. People with the COVID-19 infection may have different symptoms, and their symptoms may change over time. Three common clusters of symptoms have been identified: one respiratory symptom cluster with cough, sputum, shortness of breath, and fever; a musculoskeletal symptom cluster with muscle and joint pain, headache, and fatigue; and a cluster of digestive symptoms with abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. In people without prior ear, nose, or throat disorders, loss of taste combined with loss of smell is associated with COVID-19 and is reported in as many as 88% of symptomatic cases.
| 0.6728 |
information_extraction
|
From the passage note down the various stars of the movie Rise of the Planet of the Apes. List the results in comma separated format.
|
Andy Serkis, James Franco, Freida Pinto, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, David Oyelowo
|
Rise of the Planet of the Apes is a 2011 American science fiction film directed by Rupert Wyatt and written by Rick Jaffa and Amanda Silver. The film is a reboot of the Planet of the Apes film series and its seventh installment overall. It stars Andy Serkis as Caesar, alongside James Franco, Freida Pinto, John Lithgow, Brian Cox, Tom Felton, and David Oyelowo. In the film, Caesar, a chimpanzee genetically enhanced and raised by William Rodman (Franco), goes from son to sheltered, and eventually leads an ape uprising against members of humanity.Rise of the Planet of the Apes first entered development in 2006 when Jaffa and Silver wrote a spec script and sold it to 20th Century Fox, the producers and distributors of the original film series. Production struggled until Franco, Serkis, and Wyatt were hired by late 2009, and principal photography started in July 2010 and finished that September, with filming locations including Vancouver, San Francisco, and Oahu. The apes were created using extensive visual effects and performance capture commissioned by Weta Digital.
| 0.6728 |
information_extraction
|
Who are the most referred to Devas in the Rigveda as per the passage?
|
Indra, Agni (fire) and Soma
|
In Vedic literature, Devas and Devis represent the forces of nature and some represent moral values (such as the Adityas, Varuna, and Mitra), each symbolizing the epitome of a specialized knowledge, creative energy, exalted and magical powers (Siddhis).
Vedic era deities evolved over time. Rudra (left) is represented in Vedic literature, is shown as Shiva-Rudra 2nd-century sculpture (middle), and as Shiva (meaning kind) in 13th-century art work (right). The iconography evolved, retaining some symbolic elements such as trident, axe or antelope.The most referred to Devas in the Rigveda are Indra, Agni (fire) and Soma, with "fire deity" called the friend of all humanity, it and Soma being the two celebrated in a yajna fire ritual that marks major Hindu ceremonies. Savitr, Vishnu, Rudra (later given the exclusive epithet of Shiva), and Prajapati (later Brahma) are gods and hence Devas.The Vedas describes a number of significant Devis such as Ushas (dawn), Prithvi (earth), Aditi (cosmic moral order), Saraswati (river, knowledge), Vāc (sound), Nirṛti (destruction), Ratri (night), Aranyani (forest), and bounty goddesses such as Dinsana, Raka, Puramdhi, Parendi, Bharati, Mahi among others are mentioned in the Rigveda. Sri, also called Lakshmi, appears in late Vedic texts dated to be pre-Buddhist, but verses dedicated to her do not suggest that her characteristics were fully developed in the Vedic era. All gods and goddesses are distinguished in the Vedic times, but in the post-Vedic texts (~500 BCE to 200 CE), and particularly in the early medieval era literature, they are ultimately seen as aspects or manifestations of one Brahman, the Supreme power.
| 0.6728 |
general_qa
|
What type of battery should I get to power my trolling motor?
|
Traditionally the answer is to utilize a deep cycle marine lead acid battery. These batteries are similar to a car battery but instead of having a high amount of cold cranking amps they have the ability to be run to a lower state of charge without damage. A better solution is to use a LiFePO4 battery. These batteries may have a higher initial cost, but will generally last longer than the traditional battery while providing more usable capacity and having a substantially lower weight.
| 0.6727 |
|
information_extraction
|
What is "Cien años de soledad"?
|
One Hundred Years of Solitude is a novel by Colombian writer Gabriel García Márquez , winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982. It is considered a masterpiece of Spanish-American and universal literature, as well as one of the most translated and read works in Spanish . 1 It was listed as one of the most important works of the Spanish language during the IV International Congress of the Spanish Language held in Cartagena de Indias in March 2007. 2 It was included in the list of the 100 best novels in Spanish of the 20th century by the Spanish newspaper El Mundo , 3 on the list of the 100 books of the 20th century by the French newspaper Le Monde and in the 100 best books of all time by the Norwegian Book Club . 4
The first edition of the novel was published in Buenos Aires in May 1967 by the Sudamericana publishing house , 5 with a great reception from critics and the public, and had an initial total edition of 8,000 copies. To date, more than 30 million copies have been sold and it has been translated into 35 languages. 1
|
One Hundred Years of Solitude is a novel by Colombian writer Gabriel García Márquez , winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982. It is considered a masterpiece of Spanish-American and universal literature, as well as one of the most translated and read works in Spanish . 1 It was listed as one of the most important works of the Spanish language during the IV International Congress of the Spanish Language held in Cartagena de Indias in March 2007. 2 It was included in the list of the 100 best novels in Spanish of the 20th century by the Spanish newspaper El Mundo , 3 on the list of the 100 books of the 20th century by the French newspaper Le Monde and in the 100 best books of all time by the Norwegian Book Club . 4
| 0.6727 |
classification
|
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? She-Hulk, Wonder Woman
|
She-Hulk is Marvel, Wonder Woman is DC
| 0.6727 |
|
general_qa
|
Which NFL team has won the most Super Bowls?
|
The Pittsburgh Steelers and the New England Patriots have both won six Super Bowls. The Dallas Cowboys and the San Francisco 49ers have both won five Super Bowls, and the New York Giants and the Green Bay Packers have both won four Super Bowls. Over a third of the teams in the NFL have never won a Super Bowl, including the Cleveland Browns.
| 0.6727 |
|
classification
|
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Ghost Rider, Atomic Skull
|
Ghost Rider is Marvel, Atomic Skull is DC
| 0.6727 |
|
closed_qa
|
Based on this paragraph about San Diego, what is the largest city in the state of california?
|
Los Angeles
|
San Diego (Spanish for 'Saint Didacus'; /ˌsæn diˈeɪɡoʊ/ SAN dee-AY-goh, Spanish: [san ˈdjeɣo]) is a city on the Pacific Ocean coast of Southern California located immediately adjacent to the Mexico–United States border. With a 2020 population of 1,386,932, it is the eighth most populous city in the United States and the seat of San Diego County, the fifth most populous county in the United States, with 3,286,069 estimated residents as of 2021. The city is known for its mild year-round Mediterranean climate, natural deep-water harbor, extensive beaches and parks, long association with the United States Navy, and recent emergence as a healthcare and biotechnology development center. San Diego is the second largest city in the state of California after Los Angeles.
| 0.6727 |
brainstorming
|
Give me examples of German auto manufacturers still operating.
|
BMW, Volkswagen, Mercedes-Benz, Audi, Porsche, Opel.
| 0.6727 |
|
general_qa
|
Why are the Los Angeles Lakers the most famous and successful basketball franchise in the world?
|
The Los Angeles Lakers are the most famous and successful basketball franchise in the world because they have won the most championships of any any professional N.B.A = National Basketball Association team in the world in the modern era. The modern NBA era begins after the merger of two professional basketball leagues, the NBA and ABA (American Basketball Association) and the creation of the three point basket and twenty-four second clock. The Los Angeles Lakers won the Larry O'Brien championship trophy in 1980, 1982, 1985, 1987, 1988, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2009, 2010 and 2020. The Lakers appeared in the championship game in 1949,1950,1952,1953,1954,1959,1962,1963,1965,1968,1969,1970,1972,1973,1980,1982, 1983,1984,1985, 1987,1988,1989,1991,2000,2001,2002,2004, 2008,2009,2010,2020. Famous Hall of Fame players include, Kobe Bryant, LeBron James, Magic Johnson, Jerry West, James Worthy, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Shaquille O'Neal, Elgin Baylor, Gail Goodrich, George Mikan, Pau Gasol and Wilt Chamberlain
| 0.6727 |
|
general_qa
|
What do I use a pressure washer for?
|
A pressure washer forces water out at high speeds which allows you to remove grime or dirt from large surfaces, often of a home or building.
| 0.6727 |
|
general_qa
|
What is the best smartphone on the market?
|
The answer to this question depends on multiple parameters, such as: 1.) do you prefer an iOS or an Android phone 2.) do you prefer a small display or a large display 3.) which benchmark parameters are relevant for you. AnTuTu is a well known benchmarking tool for mobile devices. As of their benchmarking in February 2023, the best performing iOS smartphone on the market is the iPhone 14 Pro, the best performing Android smartphone is the Red Magic 8 Pro+. Here is a link to the benchmark: https://www.antutu.com/en/ranking/rank1.htm
| 0.6726 |
|
open_qa
|
How can I quickly treat a headache?
|
Occasional headache is something that is more annoying and causes discomfort than concern. To quickly relieve a headache, make sure you are in a well ventilated space, drink a couple glasses of cold water, take some caffeine like coffee or cola, stare at something green like a plant for ten minutes, and close your eyes or lie down for about ten minutes. You can also twist your head left to right, right to left, then stare up, until you get a sigh or a yawn.
| 0.6726 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given this paragraph about the description of wakesurfing, what is needed to generate the wave?
|
a boat
|
Wakesurfing is a water sport in which a rider trails behind a boat, riding the boat's wake without being directly pulled by the boat. After getting up on the wake, typically by use of a tow rope, the wakesurfers will drop the rope, and ride the steep face below the wave's peak in a fashion reminiscent of surfing. Wakesurfers generally use special boards, designed specifically for wakes.
| 0.6726 |
information_extraction
|
As per the passage, list the subjects of which Narendranath was an avid reader.
|
philosophy, religion, history, social science, art and literature
|
In 1871, at the age of eight, Narendranath enrolled at Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar's Metropolitan Institution, where he went to school until his family moved to Raipur in 1877. In 1879, after his family's return to Calcutta, he was the only student to receive first-division marks in the Presidency College entrance examination. He was an avid reader in a wide range of subjects, including philosophy, religion, history, social science, art and literature. He was also interested in Hindu scriptures, including the Vedas, the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, the Ramayana, the Mahabharata and the Puranas. Narendra was trained in Indian classical music, and regularly participated in physical exercise, sports and organised activities. Narendra studied Western logic, Western philosophy and European history at the General Assembly's Institution (now known as the Scottish Church College). In 1881, he passed the Fine Arts examination, and completed a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1884. Narendra studied the works of David Hume, Immanuel Kant, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Baruch Spinoza, Georg W. F. Hegel, Arthur Schopenhauer, Auguste Comte, John Stuart Mill and Charles Darwin. He became fascinated with the evolutionism of Herbert Spencer and corresponded with him, translating Herbert Spencer's book Education (1861) into Bengali. While studying Western philosophers, he also learned Sanskrit scriptures and Bengali literature.
| 0.6726 |
closed_qa
|
Given this paragraph, what is the out of state acceptance rate at the University of Virginia?
|
The out of state acceptance rate at the University of Virginia is 19%.
|
For the undergraduate Class of 2023, the University of Virginia received a record 40,815 applications, admitting 24 percent. Approximately 40 percent of those admitted are non-white. Matriculated students come from all 50 states and 147 foreign countries. UVA is required, by Virginia state law, to matriculate two-thirds of its undergraduate student body from its pool of in-state applicants. As a result, its acceptance rate for in-state students (36 percent) is nearly twice the out-of-state rate (19 percent) as of 2019. The university has seen steady increases to its applicant pool in recent decades, and the number of applications has more than doubled since the Class of 2008 received 15,094 applications. As of 2014, 93 percent of admitted applicants ranked in the top 10 percent of their high school classes.
| 0.6726 |
information_extraction
|
From the passage provided, extract the FAO measurements for hunger. Separate them with a comma.
|
Hunger or chronic undernourishment, Malnutrition, Food insecurity, Acute hunger
|
There is one globally recognized approach for defining and measuring hunger generally used by those studying or working to relieve hunger as a social problem. This is the United Nation's FAO measurement, which is typically referred to as chronic undernourishment (or in older publications, as 'food deprivation,' 'chronic hunger,' or just plain 'hunger.') For the FAO:
Hunger or chronic undernourishment exists when "caloric intake is below the minimum dietary energy requirement (MDER). The MDER is the amount of energy needed to perform light activity and to maintain a minimum acceptable weight for attained height." The FAO use different MDER thresholds for different countries, due to variations in climate and cultural factors. Typically a yearly "balance sheet" approach is used, with the minimum dietary energy requirement tallied against the estimated total calories consumed over the year. The FAO definitions differentiate hunger from malnutrition and food insecurity:
Malnutrition results from "deficiencies, excesses or imbalances in the consumption of macro- and/or micro-nutrients." In the FAO definition, all hungry people suffer from malnutrition, but people who are malnourished may not be hungry. They may get sufficient raw calories to avoid hunger but lack essential micronutrients, or they may even consume an excess of raw calories and hence suffer from obesity.
Food insecurity occurs when people are at risk, or worried about, not being able to meet their preferences for food, including in terms of raw calories and nutritional value. In the FAO definition, all hungry people are food insecure, but not all food-insecure people are hungry (though there is a very strong overlap between hunger and severe food insecurity.). The FAO have reported that food insecurity quite often results in simultaneous stunted growth for children, and obesity for adults. For hunger relief actors operating at the global or regional level, an increasingly commonly used metric for food insecurity is the IPC scale.
Acute hunger is typically used to denote famine like hunger, though the phrase lacks a widely accepted formal definition. In the context of hunger relief, people experiencing 'acute hunger' may also suffer from 'chronic hunger'. The word is used mainly to denote severity, not long-term duration.
Not all of the organizations in the hunger relief field use the FAO definition of hunger. Some use a broader definition that overlaps more fully with malnutrition. The alternative definitions do however tend to go beyond the commonly understood meaning of hunger as a painful or uncomfortable motivational condition; the desire for food is something that all humans frequently experience, even the most affluent, and is not in itself a social problem.
Very low food supply can be described as "food insecure with hunger." A change in description was made in 2006 at the recommendation of the Committee on National Statistics (National Research Council, 2006) in order to distinguish the physiological state of hunger from indicators of food availability. Food insecure is when food intake of one or more household members was reduced and their eating patterns were disrupted at times during the year because the household lacked money and other resources for food. Food security statistics is measured by using survey data, based on household responses to items about whether the household was able to obtain enough food to meet their needs.
| 0.6725 |
classification
|
Classify the following movies as either Comedy or Horror: Weekend at Bernie's, Scream, What Lies Beneath, Happy Gilmore, Cujo, Billy Madison, Kingpin, Carrie, Halloween, Encino Man, Misery
|
Weekend at Bernie's: Comedy
Scream: Horror
What Lies Beneath: Horror
Happy Gilmore: Comedy
Cujo: Horror
Billy Madison: Comedy
Kingpin: Comedy
Carrie: Horror
Halloween: Horror
Encino Man: Comedy
Misery: Horror
| 0.6725 |
|
brainstorming
|
Give me 3 different things that a smartphone can do better than a landline phone
|
Ok, here are different things that a smartphone can do better than a landline phone.
1. It can run applications.
2. It can browse the internet.
3. It can play media such as music, videos and podcasts.
| 0.6725 |
|
closed_qa
|
Given this paragraph about Wabuska, Nevada, when was a post office first opened in the town?
|
September 18, 1874
|
Wabuska is an unincorporated community in Lyon County, Nevada, United States. The zip code is 89447, which it shares with nearby Yerington.
Wabuska (Washo language, White Grass) was established in the early 1870s. A post office was opened on September 18, 1874. In 1881, the town served as the principal Mason Valley supply center on the newly constructed Carson and Colorado Railroad of a line that went from Hazen to Mina. When copper was discovered in Mason Valley, the town became the northern terminus of the new Nevada Copper Belt Railroad, built 1909–1911. Wabuska waned with declining mining activity in the 1920s.
Several buildings from Wabuska, most notably the Wabuska Railroad Station, were relocated to Carson City and incorporated as the Nevada State Railroad Museum.
| 0.6725 |
closed_qa
|
GIven this paragraph about American film director David Fincher, what are his reported upcoming projects.
|
David Fincher has begun development on a prequel to the 1974 film Chinatown. It has also been reported that he will direct an adaptation of the graphic novel The Killer.
|
In late 2019, Fincher began developing a television prequel to the 1974 film Chinatown with its screenwriter Robert Towne, and he has also expressed interest in eventually making a third season of Mindhunter, which was put on indefinite hold in 2020. In 2023, Fincher confirmed that Netflix will not be making a third season of Mindhunter, saying "I’m very proud of the first two seasons. But it’s a very expensive show and, in the eyes of Netflix, we didn’t attract enough of an audience to justify such an investment [for Season 3]."
In February 2021, it was reported that Fincher will direct an adaptation of the graphic novel The Killer for Netflix, with Andrew Kevin Walker writing the screenplay and Michael Fassbender attached to star.
| 0.6725 |
summarization
|
Who founded the Society of Jesus, and what are they more commonly known as?
|
The Society of Jesus are more commonly known as the Jesuits and were founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola and six of his companions. They are known for their work in the field of education.
|
The Society of Jesus, commonly known as the Jesuits, is a religious order of clerics regular of pontifical right for men in the Catholic Church headquartered in Rome. It was founded in 1540 by Ignatius of Loyola and six companions, with the approval of Pope Paul III. The society is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 nations. Jesuits work in education, research, and cultural pursuits. Jesuits also conduct retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social and humanitarian ministries, and promote ecumenical dialogue.
| 0.6725 |
information_extraction
|
From the passage provided, extract the year Adani group was founded.
|
Adani group was founded in 1988
|
Adani Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate, headquartered in Ahmedabad. It was founded by Gautam Adani in 1988 as a commodity trading business, with the flagship company Adani Enterprises. The Group's diverse businesses include port management, electric power generation and transmission, renewable energy, mining, airport operations, natural gas, food processing and infrastructure.
In April 2021, Adani Group crossed US$100 billion in market capitalization, and in April 2022 it crossed the $200 billion mark, in both cases becoming the third Indian conglomerate to do so, after Tata Group and Reliance Industries. In November 2022, it reached $280 billion (INR 24 trillion) surpassing Tata Group. Adani subsequently lost more than $104 billion of market capitalization after fraud and market manipulation allegations by short-seller firm Hindenburg Research. The Adani Group has also attracted other controversies due to various reports of irregular practices. More than 60 percent of the Adani Group's revenue is derived from coal-related businesses. The company's corporate debt totaled $30 billion in 2022.
| 0.6725 |
information_extraction
|
From the given paragraph extract all the cities that got the rail along with the year in the format {City} - {Year} and show as a bullet list
|
Bori Bunder (Mumbai) - 1853
Thane - 1853
Howrah - 1854
Hoogly - 1854
Royapuram-Veyasarapady (Madras) - 1856
Wallajaroad (Arcot) - 1856
Sealdah - 1873
Armenian Ghat Street - 1873
Colaba - 1874
Parel - 1874
Kachiguda - 1879
Victoria Terminus - 1925
Kurla - 1925
|
India's first passenger train, operated by the Great Indian Peninsula Railway and hauled by three steam locomotives (Sahib, Sindh and Sultan), ran for 34 kilometres (21 mi) with 400 people in 14 carriages on 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) broad gauge track between Bori Bunder (Mumbai) and Thane on 16 April 1853. The Thane viaducts, India's first railway bridges, were built over the Thane creek when the Mumbai-Thane line was extended to Kalyan in May 1854. Eastern India's first passenger train ran 39 km (24 mi) from Howrah, near Kolkata, to Hoogly on 15 August 1854. The first passenger train in South India ran 97 km (60 mi) from Royapuram-Veyasarapady (Madras) to Wallajaroad (Arcot) on 1 July 1856.
On 24 February 1873, a horse-drawn 3.8 km (2.4 mi) tram opened in Calcutta between Sealdah and Armenian Ghat Street. On 9 May 1874, a horse-drawn tramway began operation in Bombay between Colaba and Parel. In 1879, the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway was established which built several railway lines across the then Hyderabad State with Kachiguda Railway Station serving as its headquarters. In 1897, lighting in passenger coaches was introduced by many railway companies. On 3 February 1925, the first electric passenger train in India ran between Victoria Terminus and Kurla.
| 0.6725 |
classification
|
What are the 7 science classifications?
|
Classification, or taxonomy, is a system of categorizing living things. There are seven divisions in the system: (1) Kingdom; (2) Phylum or Division; (3) Class; (4) Order; (5) Family; (6) Genus; (7) Species.
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|
summarization
|
Tell me some important points about AICF from the given passage.
|
1. India's national sports federation for the traditional game of carrom, the All India Carrom Federation (AICF), annually approves six to seven national-level competitions.
2. It serves as the International Carrom Federation's representative for India.
3. The AICF has 28 state-level affiliate institutions, 15 regional affiliate institutions, and 15 local affiliate institutions, the largest of which is the Maharashtra Carrom Association.
|
The All India Carrom Federation (AICF) (Hindi: अखिल भारतीय कैरम फेडरेशन) is India's national sport federation for the indigenous game of carrom, sanctioning six to seven national-level tournaments per year. It is India's representative body in the International Carrom Federation. The AICF has 15 regional and 28 state subnational affiliate institutions, the largest of which is the Maharashtra Carrom Association, further subdivided into local organisations.
| 0.6724 |
open_qa
|
In what year did Columbus reach the Americas?
|
Columbus first reached the Americas in 1492
| 0.6724 |
|
information_extraction
|
From the passage list down the materials used to prepare boomerang. List the results in comma separated format.
|
wood, bone, horn, tusks, iron, plywood, plastics such as ABS, polypropylene, phenolic paper, carbon fibre-reinforced plastics
|
A boomerang is a throwing stick with aerodynamic properties, traditionally made of wood, but also of bone, horn, tusks and even iron. Modern boomerangs used for sport may be made from plywood or plastics such as ABS, polypropylene, phenolic paper, or carbon fibre-reinforced plastics.
Boomerangs come in many shapes and sizes depending on their geographic or tribal origins and intended function. Many people think only of the traditional Australian type, although today there are many types of more easily usable boomerangs, such as the cross-stick, the pinwheel, the tumble-stick, the Boomabird, and many other less common types.
An important distinction should be made between returning boomerangs and non-returning boomerangs:
Returning boomerangs fly, and are examples of the earliest heavier-than-air human-made flight. A returning boomerang has two or more aerofoil section wings arranged so that when spinning they create unbalanced aerodynamic forces that curve its path into an ellipse, returning to its point of origin when thrown correctly. Their typical L-shape makes them the most recognisable form of boomerang. Although used primarily for leisure or recreation, returning boomerangs are also used to decoy birds of prey, thrown above the long grass to frighten game birds into flight and into waiting nets. Non-traditional, modern, competition boomerangs come in many shapes, sizes and materials.
Non-returning boomerangs, throwing sticks, valari, or kylies, are primarily used as weapons. They lack the aerofoil sections, are generally heavier and designed to travel as straight and forcefully as possible to the target to bring down game. The Tamil valari variant, of ancient origin and mentioned in the Tamil Sangam literature "Purananuru", was one of these. The usual form of the Valari is two limbs set at an angle; one thin and tapering, the other rounded as a handle. Although valaris come in many shapes and sizes they are usually made of cast iron cast from moulds. However, some may have wooden limbs tipped with iron or with lethally sharpened edges or with special double-edged and razor-sharp daggers known as kattari.
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classification
|
Which of the following books were written by JK Rowling: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince, Cursed Child, Lord of the Rings trilogy, Percy Jackson, A Song of Ice and Fire.
|
The books written by her are: Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince, Cursed Child.
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|
open_qa
|
Who was the American president for the majority of WWII?
|
FDR was the American president for most of the second World War
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|
creative_writing
|
What is a casual hobby that would be fun to get into?
|
There are many great answers, and what is most fun for you depends on what your interests are. For instance, if you enjoy running and spending time with others, a good hobby that combines these interests could be ultimate frisbee. Ultimate frisbee involves a lot of running as well as teamwork and strategy to score points during games! It can also be played casually with friends without needing much experience beforehand.
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|
closed_qa
|
How many countries in Europe do have the Euro as monetary currency?
|
20
|
The euro area, commonly called eurozone (EZ), is a currency union of 20 member states of the European Union (EU) that have adopted the euro (€) as their primary currency and sole legal tender, and have thus fully implemented EMU policies.
| 0.6724 |
closed_qa
|
Based on the paragraph about the Korean War, what is the name of the new sovereign state created in the north?
|
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
|
In 1910, Imperial Japan annexed Korea, where it ruled for 35 years until its surrender at the end of World War II on 15 August 1945. The United States and the Soviet Union divided Korea along the 38th parallel into two zones of occupation. The Soviets administered the northern zone and the Americans administered the southern zone. In 1948, as a result of Cold War tensions, the occupation zones became two sovereign states. A socialist state, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, was established in the north under the totalitarian communist leadership of Kim Il-sung, while a capitalist state, the Republic of Korea, was established in the south under the autocratic leadership of Syngman Rhee. Both governments of the two new Korean states claimed to be the sole legitimate government of all of Korea, and neither accepted the border as permanent.
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