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thesis format iium and research paper student. Check out the buy paper london to see what's happening in and around the department. Looking for cutting edge research? We have it! writing in cursive and the dynamic faculty and staff behind them. | 2019-04-22T08:50:50 | https://soils.wisc.edu/wp-content/cache/students/buy-dissertation-online-uk.html |
Since I tasted my first crispy, nutty bites of amaranth (as part of Hawksworth Restaurant’s tuna ceviche, sadly no longer on the menu), I’ve been sold. Like quinoa, this under-the-radar seed was once a staple in the Aztec diet; it’s also high in protein, free of cholesterol, and rich in the essential amino acid lysine. As gluten-free diets continue to trend, this could be the perfect time for amaranth. Use it as a coating for fish or chicken, puff it up in a pan and add it to cereal or granola, or, as in the recipe below, boil and then fry it into crunchy fritters.
Amaranth Prawn Fritters (recipe tested by Vancouver Community College culinary arts students (vcc.ca).
Amaranth adds texture and a nutty flavour to these delicious little nuggets. They work equally well as an appetizer or as a main course.
Put the amaranth (and quinoa, if you’re using both) into a pot and add water and salt. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer, covered, 20-30 minutes or until the water is absorbed. Spread out over a baking sheet to cool (it will be quite sticky). Season with next 8 ingredients. In a bowl, whisk together the eggs, buttermilk, cornstarch, rice flour, baking powder, and sesame oil until smooth. Fold in prawn pieces and amaranth mixture.
Heat vegetable oil in a cast-iron skillet over medium heat. (Test by putting a small piece of batter into the pan; it should bubble and fry right away.) Carefully scoop soup spoon-sized portions of batter into the hot oil, and fry 2–3 minutes per side until golden brown. You may need to do this in batches, keeping finished fritters in the oven to stay warm. | 2019-04-19T21:00:35 | http://vanmag.com/uncategorized/gone-to-seed/ |
My Name is Pascal Moses Fuime I come from Morogoro. There I was born in 1997.
We are seven children in my family and I am the fifth born. My mother died in 2006 when I was nine years old and my father died in 2007. That was when I left Morogoro and came to Dar es Salaam to my sister. But I didn’t know where she was staying exactly.
I arrived in Ubungo and I was taken to the “Dogodogo Center” and stayed there for one month. But after realizing that they would not send me to school I left the center. I went to the “Child in the Sun Center” but also there they couldn’t take me to school and I decided to go back to the streets. I was sleeping at the Ubungo Bus Terminal and spending my day time at Feli (Kigamboni) to search for food.
The job I was doing at Feri was to carry small cargos. One day when I was coming back to Ubungo in the bus (Dala Dala) I had no fare to pay and in the bus I met one man and asked him, if he could pay for me. As I asked him for that favor he started asking me many question concerning my life and I told him everything. Yet he took me to Friends of Don Bosco and now I’m studying standard five. | 2019-04-26T10:26:36 | http://wwtz.org/da/blog/2016/01/02/paschal-moses-story/ |
A wide range of courses offers a broad and balanced curriculum, leading to all students being entered for examinations at General Certificate of Education (GCSE) level. This provides each individual with an excellent foundation of experience for life beyond school, whether progressing directly into further education at a sixth form or college, an apprenticeship or employment.
The progress of each student is continually monitored in all areas. On a subject basis this will be done by the classroom teacher and Head of Department. A more general overview is taken by the Form Tutors and Heads of House. | 2019-04-19T19:22:37 | http://www.shipstonhigh.co.uk/curriculum/school-curriculum/ |
To create 3x10 volunteer job labels do the following - Please NOTE you may encounter a pop up blocker when you select the Print Now button. Click HERE for more information on pop up blockers.
Place your 3x10 labels in the printer and select print. If nothing shows, you have your pop up blockers on. Read HERE on how to disable. | 2019-04-24T20:20:25 | https://support.teamunify.com/en/articles/368 |
Now standing abandoned, this pin-connected Pratt pony truss once carried Corn Forth Road (EW0855) across Deer Creek.
Built in 1910, it stands in largely unaltered condition.
Above, an overview of the bridge in its rustic setting. Below, the bridge is 5 panels long and has steel stringer approaches.
Above, a view of the bridge from the side. Note the laced channel pier at the far end of the bridge.
Below, the Cambria steel mark on one of the endposts.
Above, another view of the laced channel pier. You can also see one of the diagonal tension rods which braces the pier.
Below, a stone pier supports the other end of the span.
Above, a typical lower chord panel joint. Note the knee brace connecting the floor beam to the vertical.
Below, a typical upper chord joint. Note also the field connections using bolts where the channels meet.
Above, another view of the truss. Being in southern Logan County, urban development is quickly creeping up to this bridge. Several large subdivisions are less than a mile south of this bridge. | 2019-04-25T06:41:31 | http://okbridges.wkinsler.com/deercreek2.html |
A network administrator recently updated various network devices to ensure redundancy throughout the network. If an interface on any of the Layer 3 devices were to go down, traffic will still pass through another interface and the production environment would be unaffected. This type of configuration represents which of the following concepts?
High availability is a system design approach and implementation that ensures high availability of system resources for users. | 2019-04-19T09:20:40 | https://crucialexams.com/study/questions/sy0-401/a-network-administrator-recently-updated-various-network-devices-to-ensure/ |
Well Maintained and Spacious Home in a Attractive Established Neighborhood with nice internal and external features. Nice landscaped covered porch entry invites you into the Giant Living Area with gas starting WBFP and wet bar access.. Large roomy kitchen with plenty of cabinet and counter space. Window Seats in Large Formal Dinning room, Breakfastnook, and in all of the bedrooms as well. Master bedroom suite has cathedral ceiling, double sink vanity and walk in closet. Big fenced back yard has nice covered patio. 2 car rear entry garage with remote control opener. Refrigerator remains. This is a wonderful affordable home to own and enjoy. Seller is ready to move quickly for a fast and ready buyer. | 2019-04-23T16:03:02 | https://www.jaymarksrealestate.com/property/1324-minter-road-plano-texas-13919876 |
There are talks that Superstar Mahesh Babu will soon team up with Sukumar for his next prestigious project and Mythri Movie Makers will produce this film. Soon announcement came out that Sukumar is roped in to direct Allu Arjun’s 20th film. Soon Mahesh took his official page to announce that his film with Sukumar is now shelved due to creative problems. He will go ahead with Anil Ravipudi’s film that will roll from June this year. The film will release for Sankranthi and will be produced by Anil Sunkara, Dil Raju jointly.
“Due to creative differences, my film with Sukumar is not happening. I wish him all the best on the announcement of his new project. Respect always for a filmmaker par excellence. 1 Nenokkadine will remain as a cult classic. Enjoyed every moment working on that film. All the best sir for your new film” posted Mahesh on his official twitter handle. | 2019-04-20T09:24:49 | http://telugulives.com/mahesh-babu-shock-sukumar/ |
I now pronounce you man and…hologram? Yes, as surreal as that sounds, it has become an everyday reality for a 35-year-old man named Akihiko Kondo from Japan who recently married a hologram named Hatsune Miku. Hatsune Miku is a famous AI (artificial intelligence)-based character in Japan and has become one of the first commercially accessible holograms in the truest sense of the term.
The character is also known to utilize an auto-tune voice decoder and performs to large crowds of people as part of a more recent trend combining AI characters and on-stage performance.
While the marriage isn’t technically considered “legal” by Japanese law, Kondo wound up spending $17,000 on the ceremony and invited 40 guests, none of whom were from Hatsune Miku’s side of the family – obviously!
However, two other people who were not in attendance at the wedding were Akihiko’s parents, who preferred to stay home for the wedding, but gave their blessings anyway. While the wedding was not considered a legal marriage, Kondo says that it has not affected his love for Miku-san and that he vows to honor the vows of the marriage as any other married couple would.
Kondo works as a school administrator and says that he hopes news of his wedding will inspire others to pursue love in the way that they see fit (in accordance with the law, of course). After being bullied by a female coworker 10 years ago, Akihiko decided to stay single and since then has found his source of love and happiness in the holographic character.
Gatebox, the company responsible for making Hatsune Miku has also stated that Kondo is not the first person to marry a hologram in Japan and, to-date, over 3,700 marriage certificates have been offered by the company to people who have expressed their desire to wed one of their holographic characters! As we move closer to perfecting AI in the future and creating near-real human replicas, who knows? Maybe we’ll start marrying robots? | 2019-04-25T06:35:58 | http://ninjajournalist.com/science/japanese-man-marries-hologram/ |
Clay and mushrooms are now being blended for use in sunscreens.
We would like to draw your attention to a prestigious new award to recognise outstanding contributions to research in chemistry and materials science, the £50,000 AkzoNobel UK Science Award.
Nominations are invited for recognition of personal achievement or published work in the Institute's Awards and Prizes for 2012.
The Institute’s International Clay Technology Association (ICTa) is seeking donations of textbooks on ceramics.
The IOM3 Defence Safety and Security Committee (DSSC) announce their 2nd photographic competition. The committee continues the search for the best photographs to help promote the activity of the DSSC to both members and the general public.
To improve stone selection and boost preventative research, a team of French researchers in Poitiers has conducted research into the stone structure and clay coating of Triassic siliceous sandstones.
An interview with Royal College of Art graduate Takato Sasaki, who hopes to move clay out of its traditional subtext into a more expressive material.
Scientists at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, are developing cost-effective building bricks and roof tiles made from metallurgical wastes that can be built into the structure of a building as shielding against electromagnetic radiation. | 2019-04-22T13:16:17 | https://www.iom3.org/international-clay-technology-association/news?page=21 |
complex of South africa, however countries like Pakistan and Oman are also contributing but less than 2 of the The mining efforts for chromite in Oman are in.
Survey of Pakistan and foreign investors in Chagai district of Balochistan at. Saindak The chromite mining started in 1903 on small scale, and is continuing.
Metallic minerals found in some quantity are chromite, antimony, and iron ore. The most important mines are in Khewra, Warcha, Kalabagh and Jatta.
Ghani Mines is Lahoreanizationmenced its business mainly in Mining of Silica Sand, Rock Salt and Coal.
Mar 17, 2011 ISLAMABAD, Pakistan Several missiles fired from American drone aircraft Recently discovered chromite minesmon in the area.
chromite occurs in the tribal areas. Chromite mining offers jobs to a number of people and plays an important role in the economic life of the country. To develop.
INrnooucrroN. The Zhob Valleyplex in West Pakistan occupies an area of .. 3.7:l. Analyst, Shabbir Khan, Pakistan Chrome Mines Ltd., Hindubagh.
Aug 25, 2015 Hamid Kamal says chromite is being illegally mined on 1250 acres of land in Tangi. The Express Tribune Pakistan KP development Ziaullah Afridi has put a spotlight on illegal chromite mining in Tangi, Charsadda.
Oct 30, 2017 The province is endowed with huge reserves of chromite. Pakistan still meets her domestic requirements by importing ferroalloys, basic should be set up close to the areas where mining operations are being carried out.
Download scientific diagram Map of the study area showing the chromite mine and fodder grown in chromite miningaffected areas, Northern Pakistan.
Origins of Illegal Mining and Smuggling in Afghanistan the movement of illegally mined chromites reach market destinations in Pakistan without interference.
Feb 5, 2011 Hindubagh had Chrome mines, which was used in munitions of First World highest station in Pakistan at an altitude of 2224 metres 7295 feet.
Pakistans manufacturing sector recorded the Pakistans economy was characterized by a diverse Black Topping of Chromites Mines road from Muslim.
Jul 10, 2018 Pakistan is a country that is blessed with rich minerals and many hidden coal, copper, gold, iron, chromite, bauxite, various gemstones, etc.
Mir Wais Khan Kakar 19742013, the owner of MS Mir Mines and Minerals, was born in the Muslim From 2005 he started export chrome ore from Pakistan. | 2019-04-21T02:08:17 | http://arabidopsisconference2015.org/orange2/2018-03-16_pakistan-chromite-mining.html |
The year is 2030, and climate change is making life on Earth more challenging. Fourteen-year-old Jasmine Guzman is struggling to come to terms with the abduction of her twin sister, Jade, and her mother’s illness. Things go from bad to worse when a series of bizarre occurrences make Jasmine wonder if she’s losing her mind.
I received a copy of this book from the publisher, Dun Durn, in exchange for an honest review. Thank you!
Jasmine has always been different from most kids her age–she was born a twin. She grew up close to her sister until a few years ago when Jade was abducted. Jasmine and her mother have never recovered from the incident, understandably. With no body, or trace of evidence, there was no closure for them.
Life in 2030 was hot, no matter where one lived. After a drastic climate change, much of the world has been changed past the point of inhabitation. The conditions make it difficult for anyone to thrive. Jasmine’s mother, riddled with a debilitating disease, only grew worse when the abduction happened. Jasmine has worked hard ever since to help her mom out in any way possible, alongside her mother’s close friend Lola.
When Jasmine is transferred to a new school, she realizes that something strange is going on. Most of her classmates are made up of twins. Introduced to the world of demons, Jasmine learns that she is a part of a special network of individuals who have access to unusual abilities. There, she meets a boy named Raphael who has a hankering for helping her in the times that matter the most.
Jasmine learns through a series of extraordinary events that her sister is alive, but is stuck in a place called The-Place-in-Between. More sinister than it sounds, Jasmine must quite literally face her demons in order to rescue her long-lost sister from the shadowy realm.
I like it when I go into a book not really knowing what to expect. I like even more when a book takes the reins and leads me down a path that I don’t foresee. Finding Jade had a lot of surprising attributes to it that make it stand out. However, a few of those attributes could ultimately be its downfall, as some are under-developed and without must investigation. Needless to say, I thought this was an interesting take on the paranormal topic of angels and demons. While I didn’t necessarily like parts of the backstory, I appreciated the author’s ingenuity and ability to converge several (seemingly random) paths into one.
#1 There is a lot of diversity among the characters. Both Jasmine and Jade are of Chilean descent, and the book is mostly set in Toronto which has a lot of diversity in and of itself.
#2 The concept, while a bit unpolished, was interesting. I did not expect the book to travel in the direction that it headed toward, which made for a surprising read.
#3 I loved the (random) variation of settings, and how they were tied into the plot. The-Place-in-Between, aka a Pergatorish “Hell-like” state where people would become stuck in was original and rather creepy. I felt like I was stepping onto a London street at night knowing that Jack the Ripper was on the loose when reading these scenes.
#1 I felt that there were several aspects of this book that were left without much explanation. Granted, this is the first book in a series, but I found that it would have been more beneficial to have more information on specific topics such as Lola’s Ibeja doll, the Seers themselves and what all they are actually capable of, and more on Raphael (but I’m certain more is coming on him in Solomon’s Ring.
The Seers were never painted into a full picture for me.
Seers are genetically connected to this chick called Lilith, who was apparently Adam’s wife before Eve. She’s gotten a bad rap over the centuries because she held supernatural powers and led armies into battle, refusing to be subservient to men. Good for her, right? But because she used her girl power without shame and men could not control her, they made up nasty rumours about her. Rumours that she was a demon, a vampire, and an evil whore. Yeah, I know what you’re thinking: not a lot has changed between guys and girls over the years. Kind of depressing. Instead of spreading this stuff on social media, guys back in the day wrote trashy rumours on scrolls and cave walls. Nice.
While we do get some background information, (with some jabs at the male gender – another thing I didn’t care for) I couldn’t seem to grasp the entirety of their capabilities and entire purpose.
I found Jasmine’s reaction to finding her sister so…odd. A lot of time was spent in the first portion of this book with her pondering her sister’s disappearance. Yet, when she discovered she was alive and successfully rescued her from The-Place-in-Between, she almost seemed indifferent. No, I don’t expect her to be jumping up and down from that moment on. I just found her to have a lack of engagement with her sister’s return. It was weird.
#3 While the setting clearly takes place in Toronto, I had a hard time envisioning where the characters were throughout. The proximity of the schools, what they were like, the subway scenes, and The-Place-in-Between settings were only briefly touched upon. Especially seeing how this takes place in a dystopian future, I was looking for more detail on the different locations, as well as the drastic variances between them and the eras in which the characters travel.
Overall, I thought this was a unique read. While I had some issues with underdevelopment of some aspects of the plot, I thought the characters were decently-developed and played into the plot well. I’m curious to see where they will end up in Solomon’s Ring.
Violence: Moderate – there were some scenes particularly in The-Place-in-Between that were grotesque, including decapitation of some characters. | 2019-04-24T20:51:56 | https://foalsfictionandfiligree.com/book-review-finding-jade-by-mary-jennifer-payne/ |
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I will not hesitate to buy software from Alentum in the future and your efforts are the reason why.
Thank you very much for the great feedback, Marco! I’m glad that we have fixed this issue with WebLog Expert (https://getsatisfaction.com/weblogexp...) and that you can use our software with your log files.
Thank you very much for the great feedback, Marco! I’m glad that we have fixed this issue with WebLog Expert (https://getsatisfaction.com/weblogexpert/topics/wle_crashing) and that you can use our software with your log files. | 2019-04-26T11:42:46 | https://getsatisfaction.com/weblogexpert/topics/alentum_tech_support_is_great |
272. Edward John "John" Wrangham was born in 1959.
Edward John "John" Wrangham and Alison Perry were married in 1984. Alison Perry (private).
i. Jack Harvey Wrangham was born in 1985.
ii. Anthony Hugh Wrangham was born in 1988.
iii. Jenny Louise Wrangham was born in 1991.
iv. Diana Joy Wrangham was born 1 fev 1994. | 2019-04-25T18:29:45 | http://www.wilberforce.info/b496.htm |
Facebook has officially replaced my social life. It's like Tom Hanks in that movie where he's marooned on an island and develops a relationship with a volleyball. Exactly like that.
Been out of commission for a while. Packing and moving, computer crashing. Was just whisked back to 2008 after replacing the hard drive and running the time-machine backup. A flashback to my desktop from 3 years ago. Kicking up dust. A lot has changed. But still here. Still kicking.
Drawing from doctor's office after knee surgery. | 2019-04-22T08:28:20 | https://www.conniewonnie.com/2011/03/ |
Know SMHS Class of 1964 graduates that are NOT on this List? Help us Update the 1964 Class List by adding missing names.
More 1964 alumni from St Marys HS Annapolis, MD have posted profiles on Classmates.com®. Click here to register for free at Classmates.com® and view other 1964 alumni.
The students that went to school at the Annapolis high school called St Marys High School and graduated in '64 are on this page. Register to add your name to the class of 1964 graduates list. | 2019-04-18T10:25:02 | http://stmaryshighschool.net/annapolis-md/class-of-1964.html |
A number of membership categories are available ranging from social ($6.00) to Golfer/Bowler ($930) per annum. Pro Rata Rates Available from the 1st of each month.
Remember we are only 90 minutes from Brisbane, 30 minutes from the Gold Coast and 15 minutes north of Byron Bay.
Please note for the 15 months for the price of 12 months membership deal for new members, do not apply online please contact the office on 02 6680 1008.
If you are a current or recent member or wish to change categories please DO NOT fill out this form, please contact the office on (02) 6680 1008.
Membership Price List Effective 1st July 2018 and valid until 30 June 2020. | 2019-04-19T05:30:58 | https://www.oceanshorescc.com.au/membership.html |
Shine is fortunate to work with people across a range of personal litigation matters in 40+ offices nationwide. Delivering this message to the general public and so many potential clients, this is handled by our dynamic Marketing team who use commercial acumen, creativity and a strong work ethic to assist the growth of each of our practices. We are now seeking a talented Content Advisor, to join us in our Sydney or Melbourne Marketing team (we are open to location - tell us your preference), on a full-time permanent basis.
Reporting to the Digital Marketing Team Leader, the Content Advisor is responsible for producing content for our websites and social media platforms, with the aim of improving brand awareness, educating the public on the work we do, increasing our sites’ visibility in search, and enhancing website user experience and conversion rates.
You’ll manage the creation and updating of content to ensure we have a regular publication schedule in a variety of formats, providing coverage of our work areas and topical media stories we are associated with. You’ll also manage external writers, and coordinate monthly content ‘sprints’ where we focus on content relating to a specific department.
You’ll work closely with the rest of the Digital Marketing team, including our SEO and Social Media Advisers, on strategies and tasks around content ideation and creation, ensuring content is produced within expected timeframes and to desired quality standards. Additionally, the role will provide support when required to our Internal Communications and Media Relations teams.
Experience across a variety of channels beyond written content such as infographics and interactives, video, and emails (eDMs), will be highly regarded. Given the reliance of social media on content, an understanding of social media platforms and processes, or the capability of gaining this understanding, is expected.
Interested and keen to apply?
Christine Collins, Talent Acquisition Partner - Shine Lawyers in Brisbane is keen to receive a call from you, in confidence on (07) 30066056 should you require additional information regarding this outstanding opportunity.
Your IP address (184.73.14.222) has been logged. 2667 Hits. | 2019-04-22T21:57:58 | http://shinelawyers1.applynow.net.au/jobs/MKSHINE283-content-advisor |
MedStar Family Choice (MFC) is an accredited MCO through NCQA (National Committee for Quality Assurance). As such, we follow standards set forth by NCQA or Maryland Department of Health, whichever is stricter.
In situations where MFC receives requests for inpatient authorization accompanied by clinical review, MFC will communicate a decision within 24 hours (1 calendar day) of receipt of your request.
A face sheet that is not accompanied by any clinical will not be considered a formal request. MFC will attempt to request clinical, but if clinical is not received it will not be entered into our clinical software system.
In situations where MFC receives requests for additional urgent concurrent care that is accompanied by clinical review, MFC will communicate a decision within 24 hours (1 calendar day) of receipt of your request.
In situations where MFC receives requests for additional urgent concurrent care that is NOT accompanied by clinical review it is MFC's process to make at least one attempt to request the outstanding clinical information. Clinical not received within 24 hours (1 calendar day) of the authorization request will be subject to denial. | 2019-04-25T20:00:21 | https://www.medstarfamilychoice.com/maryland-healthchoice/for-maryland-healthchoice-physicians/provider-resources/provider-alerts/timeliness-of-um-decisions/ |
If you use row planting in your raised garden, you’re missing out! You could be growing a lot more, without any extra effort.
Do not worry though, ambitious gardener. There’s a better way and we’re here to show you the plant spacing ‘light’.
Below we’ll give you a quick tutorial on plant spacing needs for different vegetables. We’ll explain how plant spacing works best when growing in a raised garden, how you can effortlessly partition your garden into equal growing sections, and even give you a plant spacing chart you can share with friends, put on your own website, or just use for yourself so you can grow a garden so great, the Jones’s will have to keep up with you!
Already understand plant spacing and just want to reference our spacing chart? Scroll to the bottom of this page.
Need a planting spacing grid? View our Garden Grid™ watering system here.
Here’s what you should be doing: Plant by area, not by rows.
Row spacing is meant to giving you a walking path between plants, you shouldn’t be walking in a Raised Garden. When you grow a garden in a raised garden bed, the purpose of the bed is to condense your growing area to a point that you can reach all plants, without having to step into the growing area. That’s why great raised gardens always have one dimension of 4ft or less. (i.e. 4×8 raised garden , 3×6 raised garden). The reason for this dimension is that an average person’s arm can reach at least 2ft. So when you see a gardener with a raised bed that’s 4ft wide, you’ll know that savvy grower can always reach the middle of their growing area!
Since you don’t need to walk in your garden, your soil never gets compressed, your plants don’t get squished, and your favorite pair of sneakers stay nice and clean.
It’s a win, win … win!
So what do we mean ‘plant by area’?
Planting by area means taking a square section of garden, and dividing the length and width of that section by the plant spacing needs.
Now, we normally do not condone being wasteful, but we want you to take that row spacing number, and throw it away! You won’t need it. What you will need is the seed spacing/plant spacing number. You will use the seed spacing/plant spacing number to divide up planting sections to know how many seeds to sow.
Typically about 1 square foot sections are preferred. We say “about 1 square foot” because the thickness of a garden bed board will make the growing area of your garden just under an increment of 1 foot; but not to worry, your plants will never know the difference.
To make plant spacing easier, many gardeners will make a plant spacing grid.
1st they’ll measure their garden bed.
Then go out and buy materials such as wood or string and screws.
Then cut everything to length.
Then attach the pieces to the frame of their garden bed to make a grid.
If you don’t want to go through all of that hassle, we were nice enough to create a pre-assembled, tool-free plant spacing guide for you, and it just so happens to also be a garden irrigation system. It’s called The Garden Grid.
We have our simple plant spacing chart below if you want to jump ahead and begin planting now, but if you want to know how we got the plant spacing measurements, stick right here!
We’re going to do a little math. Don’t panic! We promise it’s really, really easy.
Step 2: Divide the width of your planting section (about 12 inches) by the 3 inch seed spacing.
Step 3: Repeat step two but for the length of your planting section. (Also about 12 inches).
Answer: 4 plants across X 4 plants across = 16 plants!
Step 5: Start planting! With 3 inch seed/plant spacing needs, you can grow 16 plants in a 1 square foot area.
Step 6: Keep planting! You now have the plant spacing formula for the rest of your garden!
For a little planting inspiration, try out this sample plant spacing layout we made for our 4×4 Garden Grid watering system. We also have salsa garden and salad garden planting layouts!
Now… what you have all been waiting for!
Find what you can grow the most of or find your favorite plants, but most importantly – get out and start growing!
So there you have it! Our all-in-one, everything your need to know, plant spacing chart and planting guide. Planting by area was inspired and made popular by the concept of square foot gardening, if you want to learn more about square foot gardening, check out our other article on just that! Also, if you’re still curious about setting up a planting guide with an integrated irrigation system, where you won’t need any tools, check out The Garden Grid on our How it Works page!
Our plant spacing chart is always growing. Have something you want added? Let us know in the comments below! | 2019-04-22T02:35:03 | https://gardeninminutes.com/plant-spacing-chart-raised-bed-gardening |
All too tragic to bear. Something beloved lost and then to have no memory of when it went either. At 40 also I wander into rooms and then wander out again not knowing really why I went in there in the first place.
These sorts of tragedies are jarring to the soul. Just hearing about your possible crime, or the more likely (but equally heinous) UAV, or 'unexplained apparel vanishing', sent a little shiver down my spine and set my teeth on edge. I feel your bother. I hope your lovely shows up as unexpectedly as she disappeared.
Oh, good luck! That bites to loose something you love, and in such an unknown way.
Do you have 'his' and 'hers' closets? Maybe it's only having a little rendezvous in the men's closet...and will show up soon! One can hope.
I recall that dear Olive tried to hijack your blanket, until you make one for her alone... perhaps could she have kidnapped your slip, hoping you would make her one of her own?
P.S. My Emma came home from school today too...the crud is moving through the classrooms!
P.S. Loved the pictures of the chickens around the pot of names...you are a great photographer!!!
I adore reading your blog. The end.
Oh dear, poor you. I do feel for you in the loss of your perfect beloved slip. Some items of clothes fit just right - indeed like the proverbial glove - whilst others just don't quite pass muster do they? I truly hope that you find her hidden in a suitcase, or in the depths of a drawer... or could she still be in dear old Blighty?
Sending you many consolations.... or should I say condolences?
I sent you an email, too, but I'd love to share some of my yarn stash--I have way too much not being knit!
Is there anything more anoying than losing something? I think not! I suppose you've looked behind the washing machine, in between all your folded clothes, in lovely piles of fabrics, and other naughty little places these things sneak into? Wish I could come and help you look. Could you possibly make another one similar? | 2019-04-26T02:11:22 | http://dottieangel.blogspot.com/2009/10/oh-bother-me.html |
It’s easy to fall in love with eating your greens when the recipes look this beautiful and taste this amazing! We sat down with the talented Brittany Barton, gluten-free and dairy-free chef, cookbook author and brilliant mind behind Sparkle Kitchen, to talk greens recipes that make us sparkle! She dreamed up four unique and delicious ways to enjoy Dream Greens that will make you want to run into your kitchens and try them for yourselves!
Add all ingredients to a food processor. Pulse for three minutes until all is thoroughly combined.
Toss the dressing with the greens and onion. Serve immediately and enjoy!
In a large pot, bring four cups of water to a boil. Once boiling add in the pasta and cook until al dente. Strain in a colander and set aside.
While the pasta is cooking, make the pesto. Add all pesto ingredients to a food processor and pulse until fully combined, about three minutes. Set aside.
Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add leeks and sprinkle with salt. Saute for 5 minutes.
Toss leeks and a quarter cup pesto with the cooked pasta.
Heat olive oil over medium heat in a large pot. Add the onions and salt, sauteing for two minutes.
Place the onions in a food processor with the greens, arugula, ginger, lemon, almond milk and pepper. Bend until thoroughly pureed.
Pour the puree back into the large pat, add in the vegetable broth and bring to a simmer. Cook for five minutes.
Serve topped with Aero Farms Arugula.
Toss potatoes with salt and olive oil.
Arrange on a sheet pan and roast for 12 minutes.
To make the Chimichurri, place all ingredients in a food processor and pulse 3 minutes or until completely pureed.
Drizzle the chimichurri sauce over the potatoes and enjoy!
Brittany Barton is the creative behind SparkleKitchen.com, the place for real food recipes, sustainable living guidance and inspiration for others to become more sparkly versions of themselves. Check out her blog at SparkleKitchen.com, or follow her on Instagram @brittany_sparklekitchen. | 2019-04-25T20:37:15 | https://www.dreamgreens.com/4-greens-recipes-will-make-sparkle/ |
CAPETOWN NOIR – A SIRE OF THE FUTURE!
Boland Stud are proud to be offering a colt from the first crop of former Equus Champion Capetown Noir at the 2018 Emperors Palace National Yearling Sale.
Capetown Noir, who shares his champion sire Western Winter with Champion First Crop Sire What A Winter, was an exceptional racehorse. Himself a R1 million buy from the 2011 Emperors Palace National Yearling Sale, Capetown Noir won eight races and earned over R2.7 million during a career which saw him establish as one the best milers seen in South African in many a year.
The handsome bay’s victories included the Gr.1 Cape Guineas, Gr.1 Cape Derby and Gr.1 L’Ormarins Queen’s Plate, with Capetown Noir winning or placing in five Gr.1 races. Previous winners of the Cape Guineas include champion sires Captain Al and Jet Master, while the outstanding locally bred stallion Dynasty ranks among the past Cape Derby winners.The Dean Kannemeyer Capetown Noir, South Africa’s Equus Champion Miler of 2014, has been well supported at stud and looks to be well positioned to become the next big South African bred sire sensation. Capetown Noir raced in the famous yellow and black silks of Khaya Stables.
His son Bordeaux (Lot 410) looks to have plenty of upside about him. Himself a half-brother to a winner, the colt is out of a winning National Emblem half-sister to three stakes winners, headed by Gr.1 J&B Met winner Angus and Gr.2 Golden Slipper winner Dignify. Interestingly, Angus was sired by champion sire Northern Guest –who is broodmare sire of Capetown Noir’s dam Akinfeet. The colt on offer also hails from the same family as Gr.1 winning 2yo Highborn. Broodmare sire National Emblem has made his mark as maternal grandsire, through dual Horse Of The Year Legal Eagle and fellow Equus Champion Seventh Plain. | 2019-04-23T14:37:35 | http://bolandstud.co.za/lot-410-bordeaux/ |
Wirelessly stream music to this Sony speaker from Pandora, Slacker, iTunes, iPad Touch, PC, Also has Apple Air Play. Great for parties, etc.
NEW in box - never opened. | 2019-04-24T16:31:50 | https://my.bizx.com/Offers/52123/Sony-SA-NS500-wireless-streaming-speaker |
Choose a surprise destination for our upcoming road trip!
…on a mote of dust, suspended in a sunbeam—our pale blue dot.
It’s hard to find a more eloquent, humbling, and ultimately empowering statement than the inspired words of Carl Sagan. If you’ve had a bad day recently or need some perspective on your life, here it is. Watch. Listen.
In the vastness of space and the immensity of time, revel in the joy of sharing a planet and an epoch with your friends and family, with neighbors and strangers. With wistful clouds and chirping birds; with streams and rock and dirt.
Because with great fortune, you have the serendipitous opportunity of inhabiting, for a brief moment, a tiny fraction of a speck on our insignificant pale blue dot—a faint pinprick of reflected light suspended in an incalculable vastness. Cherish it. Hold dear the only home we’ve ever known, that solitary mote of dust.
The first two minutes of this video explains how and why this photo was taken. | 2019-04-20T01:19:32 | https://rscottjones.com/on-a-mote-of-dust-suspended-in-a-sunbeam-our-pale-blue-dot/ |
Everything you need to know about Cafe ArtScience is right there in the name. The mingling of the two fields is evident as soon as you walk into the Kendall Square space, which is something like a mix between a loft art gallery and a chemistry lab. The brainchild of Harvard's David Edwards of Le Laboratoire Cambridge, part of a group of ArtScience Labs started in Paris, it brings architecture, design and, more importantly, the culinary arts together in one package.
Most interesting for our purposes here is the art, and science, being done behind the bar. Todd Maul, previously of Clio, where he brought a scientist's rigor to experimental cocktail excursion, has carried over some of his better known techniques, using a centrifuge and a rotovap to extract and isolate flavors that play off of each other in unexpected, but ultimately intuitive ways.
That applies to many of the others as well, including Mary’s Liquor Cabinet, done with Tanqueray gin, Cocchi Americano, Gran Classico, Wormwood and a Lillet paint which is used to coat the inside of the glass. Interesting infusions also come into play, like in a Negroni made with cocoa nibs, smoked and infused into Carpano Antica, and mixed with Beefeater and Campari.
Others are more straightforward, simply utilizing a grill behind the bar, like one made with Ardbeg, a smoky scotch, an oloroso sherry and Swedish Punsch, then served in a glass coated with smoked Hungarian oak .
You could spend a lot of time trying to figure out what's going on in your cocktails here, or, you could simply relish the flavors. It's just as important for the drinks to be palatable and enjoyable by the average customer, he stresses. | 2019-04-22T04:06:49 | https://www.metro.us/boston/drink-like-a-mad-scientist-at-cafe-artscience/zsJobk---JiQkbwAhezHNA |
The Town of Millville is building momentum with weekly farmers’ markets and annual festivals. But after years of squeezing such events into the town hall parking lot and private property nearby, Millville might finally get its own parkland.
The corporate owners of Millville By the Sea community are willing to donate two acres along Route 17, the town council announced in January. In August of 2014, the Town had published an official notice seeking landowners who might be interested in donating two or more acres of property to the Town. In September, Miller & Smith Vice President Chuck Ellison signed the letter announcing MBTS’s intent.
“We’re working out logistics, like signing an agreement,” said Town Solicitor Seth Thompson, who will prepare a draft for an upcoming council meeting.
With more room, Millville wouldn’t have to contain its farmers’ markets to the town hall parking lot or depend on the Millville Volunteer Fire Company’s land for bigger festivals.
But while the Town figures out logistics, Town Manager Debbie Botchie is already brainstorming big things.
She said she envisions a two-acre “Market Greene” that could host farmers’ markets, the Great Pumpkin Festival and more.
An indoor pavilion could house events year-round, including the December Holiday Market.
Live music could be performed at the outdoor bandstand, and a playground, parking lot, concessions and restrooms would make things easier for families using the facilities.
This is just the first draft of ideas, but Botchie said grant opportunities are available.
“We’ve been extra-conservative, because we want to go back into the community,” Botchie said, in terms of the Town’s spending and savings.
After tweaking the Town/MBTS agreement, Millville must plan how to arrange the amenities on a plot still surrounded by MBTS lots.
Also this week, the town council laid down some big-picture rules for MBTS.
The council approved a revised Schematic Master Plan and Development Performance Standards (DPS) for the community.
“We feel the DPS will provide regulatory control and protections the Town will need, while allowing the developer to adjust to economic changes,” wrote the Town Planning & Zoning Commission after a more-than-two-hour meeting at which it approved the document.
“This is what council would look to at the next subdivision application,” Thompson said. “‘What are the requirements?’ It has to go along with the master plan … make sure they’re complying with the zoning,” said Thompson.
“But the good thing is we’ve got seven years of history behind us. We know what works well, what doesn’t work well,” said Town Engineer Kyle Gulbronson of URS.
Town code allows Millville to create standards for the community but previously they were done individually for every phase. The new standards will last for the duration of development.
“We are going to be here for some time. That’s why it’s important to have master plans and performance standards,” Ellison said.
The original Schematic Master Plan for MBTS was approved in February of 2006. Since then, the Town has seen many modifications, including a change in developers, revisions to phases, adjustments to economic changes and trends in housing products.
The schematic works akin to a zoning ordinance, so any future developer who may work on MBTS would still be required to follow those rules. The performance standards would apply throughout that process.
The new Master Plan has blank spots on Route 17, Powell Farm Road and Burbage Road. Rather than try to anticipate exactly what to build in 10 years, they’ll fill in the map with subdivision plans as the time comes.
The pages show what has been done (neighborhoods, amenities, community center); the traffic network for bikes, vehicles and pedestrians; and what may come (such as the Beebe Healthcare property, which is no longer owned by Millville Town Center, but whose potential future development could be crucial to MBTS).
Ellison discussed some of the changes. Residential density remains the same, he said, but open space drops slightly because the size of the property decreased.
He gave an example of the Town’s controlled flexibility.
“What things are really important? Having side yard is important. … Lot size was not important,” Ellison said. “We don’t have any specific lot size, but must have 20 feet of driveway and 7-foot minimum side yard.
Councilmembers agreed that the move was overdue and commended the draft-writing team.
Resident Richard Shoobridge wished neighborhood residents were kept in the loop with changes. In Sand Dollar Village, for example, he said, another road was supposed to come in for bicycle safety.
Thompson said there is a proposed bike path nearby.
When asked what’s next, Ellison said developers are continuing Summerwind Village (around 84 lots) and Lakeside village (about 45 lots). That will be a few years in the making. There was no specific decision on what will follow. Ellison said he expects to present the next submissions to the Town in early summer.
The town council had ceased to accept subdivision plans until these documents were approved, which they were, in a 4-0-1 vote, with Councilman Steve Maneri recusing himself.
Gulbronson estimated that the Town/developer committee has been drafting the documents for nearly two years.
“I think it was needed. The world as we knew it has changed. I think the revised master plan does good job,” he said. | 2019-04-23T01:58:14 | http://www.coastalpoint.com/30205/feature/millville-gets-public-park-offer-sets-standards-mbts |
Urdu cooking recipe of Zafrani Pulao Handi, learn easy method to make it, This recipe has all the ingredients of it, with easy step by step instructions and methods to make it and cook it. Zafrani Pulao Handi is a Pulao, and listed in the pulao Pilaf. its preparation time is only 25 minutes and it's making time is just 30 minutes and it serves upto 4 people. Other Urdu cooking recipes and video cooking recipes are also available online. | 2019-04-24T16:12:37 | https://www.urdupoint.com/cooking/urdu-recipe/zafrani-pulao-handi-4635.html |
The eGrip RBA Base is meticulously engineered and crafted, featuring the First changeable and rebuildable coil (>1.2ohm), which means that you can make your vaping experience more economical and more intuitive by replacing or wrapping coil around cotton by yourself. In addition, it adopts larger air in- flow-- with an extra inlet hole in RBAstand.
It makes customers feel more convenient when changing or rebuilding coils.
With an extra inlet hole in RBA stand, it has larger airflow which enables customers to enjoy more powerful vaping experience.
The economical, ultimate RBA meets the ultimate All-in-One. | 2019-04-20T20:35:05 | https://www.joyetech.eu/joyetech-cs-egrip-rba-base-%CE%BAit.html |
This increase validates that the country is finally starting to heal from the Great Recession. As a partial result of this change, 3.5 million people were raised above the official poverty rate bringing it to 13.5% nationally.
As we know, however, the official poverty measure does not accurately speak to the survival capabilities of U.S. households. Created during President Lyndon Johnson’s War on Poverty, the official poverty measure is primarily based on the price of three baskets of food from the 1960s and has been updated for inflation every year since. This is significant because the poverty rate fails to account for the cost of housing, child care, health care, transportation and life’s other basic needs. (For a more accurate report on financial well-being on California Households, please see our report Struggling to Get By: The Real Cost Measure in California 2015).
Equally important, this household gain does very little to the change the overall distribution of wealth. As Edwardo Porter states in the New York Times, families at both the 50th percentile and the 20th percentile have experienced very little change in household earnings since 1967 while those at the 95th percentile have seen their income increase by 82% during the same amount of time.
Hence, while the increase in earnings in the past year is positive, it is important to note that many U.S. families have been struggling for a very long period of time and there is no strong evidence to suggest that household income distribution will change significantly in the near term.
The news on health coverage is much more encouraging. Primarily as a result of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, the percentage of those lacking health coverage has dropped to 9.1% nationally, an improvement of 4 million people from 2014. In California, the rate of those lacking health coverage has improved to 8.6% compared to 17.2% in 2013, easily the best in the nation. Many United Ways throughout California have worked arduously with outreach and enrollment efforts.
While it is still too early to determine the impact of improved health coverage rates nationally, we are cautiously hopeful that one of the primary indicators of health, life expectancy at birth, will continue to improve among all ethnic groups. | 2019-04-23T08:03:23 | https://www.unitedwaysca.org/blog/entry/census-releases-encouraging-income-and-health-coverage-data-but-families-are-still-struggling |
Big 5 plus, plus! This day trip takes you to Aquila Private Game Reserve, where you’ll enjoy breakfast or lunch and a game drive.
Price includes luxury transport from Cape Town and Cape wildlife safari tour costs.
Departing from Cape Town, we’ll drive through the ever-changing scenery of Paarl, Du Toitskloof Pass, Worcester and De Doorns. We encounter the Big Five (lion, leopard, elephant, buffalo and rhino), plus cheetah, giraffe, hippo, zebra and more.
There is an option of morning or afternoon Cape wildlife safari tour, please advise. | 2019-04-22T23:00:43 | https://www.wowcapetowntours.com/package/cape-wildlife-safari-tour-2/ |
The final Four Horseman outfit for Lolo Hai. The Neko Keyhole Lingerie. Use as you please.
Jan (4 months ago) Inappropriate?
imago (1 year ago) Inappropriate?
Any chance to see it for Genesis 1 too?
Divamakeup (1 year ago) Inappropriate?
Magnifique, splendide, un grand merci.
So cute and funny! Thank you very much! | 2019-04-26T11:56:45 | http://www.sharecg.com/v/88100/view/21/DAZ-Studio/Lolo-Neko-Keyhole-Lolo-Hai |
Q: On healthcare reform, your opinion?
A: Choice B, based upon the definition of "major." Cap annual federal healthcare spending like every other major industrialized country. The government already has a major role and would have an even bigger role under ACA.
Q: You mean the Affordable Care Act, known as ObamaCare, would enlarge government's role, and you recommend against that?
Q: What is your opinion on the statement, "More federal funding for health coverage"?
A: Support. We need fundamental healthcare reform irrespective of the Supreme Court's decision on ACA.
Q: You're referring to the Supreme Court's ruling on the ObamaCare Affordable Care Act argued last week, with a ruling due in June? And you mean you would support a new federal health initiative if ObamaCare's individual mandate is struck down in that ruling?
Q: What should be done if the Supreme Court case upholds ObamaCare's individual mandate?
The government already has a major role and would have an even bigger role under ACA. | 2019-04-25T19:57:40 | http://ontheissues.org/Governor/David_Walker_Health_Care.htm |
An Oscar-winning special effects supervisor failed to ensure the safety of a Batman stunt test in which a man filming the action died, a court heard - reports GetSurrey.
Christopher Corbould, 53, from Bookham was practising an effect he would use on the âBatmobileâ of sending a car flying through the air before flipping it over, when the tragic death of technician Conway Wickliffe happened, Guildford Crown Court heard.
Corbould, who has co-ordinated stunts in 11 James Bond films and countless other Hollywood blockbusters, went on trial at Guildford Crown Court on Monday, one week after he won an Oscar for his work in Inception.
He was also nominated for his effects in The Dark Knight, but it was when working on these at the former QinetiQ site in Chertsey that the accident happened on September 24, 2007, the court heard.
Mr Wickliffe, a 41-year-old father-of-two from New Zealand, was riding in a pick-up truck alongside an American police car without an engine, being used to replicate the Batmobile.
Prosecutor Pascal Bates said he died in a Nissan Navara, borrowed from a member of the crew, after it veered off the test track and hit trees.
âMr Corbould was the person, we say, who failed to conduct his undertakings to ensure the deceased was not exposed to safety risk,â he said.
As the flip-stunt would be likely to damage the batmobile beyond repair, the team wanted to test it so they did so at the tarmac and gravel area, which jurors were shown a map of.
âThe first thing you may notice about the test area is itâs almost completely encircled by trees,â Mr Bates said.
He detailed nitrogen gas containers, forklift trucks and camera tripods that were part of the stunt, as well as the 4x4 planned to drive alongside and film the police car before slowing and going down a run-off track.
Jurors saw a video of the Nissanâs route, including a pothole which may have affected its steering, it was alleged.
The prosecutor also alleged Mr Wickliffe was leaning out of the truckâs back window while filming, a claim disputed, and he called the risk assessment carried out before the test âmiserableâ.
âThere is no consideration of risk at filming points and those manning them, no mention of a second camera car, of the risk of the vehicles colliding generally or to the driver or cameraman in the camera car,â Mr Bates said.
âWas the site safe and suitable? [The camera car] needed to take a sharp-left turn. There is a list of questions which, if you are planning this carefully, you could have asked yourself.
Corbould was apparently unaware of new HSE guidance for safe filming, which would have left him in a âbetter position to conduct a risk assessmentâ, the court heard.
Defending Corbould was Neil Fitzgibbon. He and Robert Terry, manager at the site, agreed it was a well-used area for such tests.
âYou have never had any concerns about whatâs going on?â Mr Fitzgibbon asked the witness.
Ian Lowe has worked in the film industry alongside Corbould for around a decade, including on the tragic test, and he said it had been planned over a long period.
Corbould, of Woodlands Road, denies failing to plan, conduct and supervise a filmed special effects test, in such a way as to ensure, so far as was reasonably practicable that persons not in his employment who might be affected thereby were not thereby exposed to risks to their safety. | 2019-04-21T02:08:36 | https://www.mi6-hq.com/news/index.php?itemid=9305 |
Built-in deck benches typically are built with the same material for seats and backs as you used for your decking. ... Under the Deck Storage Ideas.
Built-in benches can help define the edges of a deck or double as storage units. Learn how to build one with our step-by-step instructions.
Here's a free deck plan with full blueprints for a wooden deck with built-in benches for seating and storage.
Get deck storage bench ideas from the experts ... Keep your comings and goings to minimum with handy deck storage benches. ... Contemporary Deck With Built-In Benches.
Step Six // How to Build a Bench With Hidden Storage. Attach the Seat and Backrest. ... *This is a great project to make out of leftover deck boards as well. | 2019-04-23T17:12:54 | http://scottishinnpotsdam.com/eco/1828.html |
Robert Jensen presents "Confronting a Pornographic Culture: Fighting Mass-Mediated Racism and Sexism" at the ACME Summit 2006.
The speaker here, Robert Jensen, is very articulate and presents an ugly topic with sensitivity and levity. He argues convincingly that this is a relevant topic for many, many people and that the reluctance of progressives to address the issue leaves the field to the right wingers (who lump it in with the "problems" of homosexuality and women's rights. | 2019-04-25T19:41:14 | https://archive.org/details/robert_jensen_2006-10-07 |
Do you like this game? / 8683.4% like it.
Controls: Player 1: Arrow Keys - Drive. Player 2: W, A, S, D - Drive.
You can play Kore Kart free online flash games On dpgames.com, now, this game have 1839 total plays, have rating 85 good and 0 bad.
We find some of the game: Super Mario Kart Xtreme, Mario kart arcade FL, Kart Racing and Mario Kart Racing.
Did you know that: you can rate every game you play, you can share your favorite game with your friends on Facebook,Twitter and more, you can embed a game in your own website or blog, On dpgames.com makes online gaming fun, what are you waiting for? Play Kore Kart online Now! | 2019-04-24T08:21:17 | http://www.dpgames.com/games/kore-kart/ |
Border collie dog ornament from Leonardo. 18cm approx.
This collie dog ornament from Leonardo is superb. Waiting patiently for someone to take notice, this border collie ornament has been sculpted to bring this loyalist of breeds the border collie to life. | 2019-04-21T20:02:56 | https://www.yourpresents.co.uk/leonardo/border-collie-dog-ornament-figurine.html |
Mr. Li Zhao is Director in Yunnan Wenshan Electric Power Co., Ltd. He is also serving as General Manager in another Yunnan-based company. He used to serve as Deputy General Manager-Operation, Manager-Planning and Head-General Manager's Office in a Yunnan-based hydropower company.
Mr. Xue Yongan is Director in Yunnan Wenshan Electric Power Co., Ltd. He is also serving as Manager-Investment in an investment management company. He used to serve as Deputy General Manager in investment and development branch, Manager in Shanxi Branch of an electric power group.
Mr. Li Dingyu has been Independent Director in Yunnan Wenshan Electric Power Co., Ltd. since January 29, 2007. He is also serving as Chief Financial Officer in a Yunnan-based hydropower company. He used to serve as Chief Financial Officer in Yunnan Mengsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Deputy General Manager and Director in Yunnan Yunyu Economic & Technology Consulting Co. Limited, Chief Financial Officer in Kunming Pharmaceutical Corp., Manager-Finance in three Yunnan-based companies, and Director in another construction company.
Mr. Li Xiaoguang has been Independent Director in Yunnan Wenshan Electric Power Co., Ltd. since January 29, 2007. He is also serving as Chairman of the Board in a Shenzhen-based automation company. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Economics and is also a Certified Public Accountant as well as a Certified Public Valuer. He used to be Senior Manager in a securities company and Deputy Head of Bank in China Minsheng Bank Corp. Ltd.-Guangzhou Branch.
Dr. Xia Qing, Ph.D., has been Independent Director in Yunnan Wenshan Electric Power Co., Ltd. since January 29, 2007. He was Independent Director in Datang International Power Generation Co., Ltd. He graduated with a Ph.D. in Engineering in 1989 from Tsinghua University, where he is also Professor.
Mr. Zeng Ming has been Independent Director in Yunnan Wenshan Electric Power Co., Ltd. since January 29, 2007. He received a Master's degree in Engineering in 1984 from the North China Electric Power Institute (now known as North China Electric Power University), China, where he is Professor.
Mr. Zhang Yan has been Independent Director in Yunnan Wenshan Electric Power Co., Ltd. since January 29, 2007. He is also serving as General Manager in a Beijing-based company. He used to be Deputy General Manager and General Manager in two management consulting companies, as well as Chief Administrative Officer in BOTAO. He holds a Bachelor's degree in Economics.
Mr. Zheng Yangnan has been serving as Independent Director in Yunnan Wenshan Electric Power Co., Ltd. since January 29, 2007. He used to be Deputy Chief Engineer in a branch of China Southern Power Grid. | 2019-04-23T09:40:28 | https://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/company-officers/600995.SS |
What Is Glue Ear? What Causes Glue Ear?
Glue ear, also known as secretory otitis media, otitis media with effusion, or serous otitis media, causes a glue-like fluid to accumulate in the middle ear, which should be filled with air. Glue ear is a common cause of dulled hearing in young children. In the majority of cases symptoms resolve themselves in time without treatment being required. When symptoms persist the child will probably need some kind of therapy. Treatment in which a child blows up a balloon using their nose has been shown to help in a number of cases. Sometimes an operation is performed to clear the fluid and insert grommets if the condition persists. According to Medilexicon's medical dictionary, glue ear is "middle ear inflammation with thick mucoid effusion caused by long-standing eustachian tube obstruction.
Research presented at Neuroscience 2009, the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience (SfN) and the world's largest source of emerging news about brain science and health, provide further insights into brain mechanisms, including those involved in music, social interaction, learning and memory. Specific research released: New findings indicate that musical training might enhance other auditory skills such as language acquisition and reading, and provides important diagnostic and treatment options for a number of hearing and language disorders. Scientists employ new light-activated circuits to explore how the brain functions in both normal and pathological situations.
A group of researchers at Seville University, headed by Isabel de los Reyes Rodrà guez Ortiz, is analysing the reading comprehension processes of deaf youngsters, a factor closely linked to their level of expression, both verbal and using sign language. The project is being funded by the Regional Ministry of Innovation as a 2007 excellence project, with an amount of 53, 891.72 euros; it is scheduled to finalise in 2011. The starting hypothesis of the project is based on the fact that, initially, people with higher levels of verbal language have better reading comprehension. Furthermore, and this is a new area of study, the research also includes analysis of the relation between lip-face reading levels and comprehension of written texts.
Deep in the ear, 95 percent of the cells that shuttle sound to the brain are big, boisterous neurons that, to date, have explained most of what scientists know about how hearing works. Whether a rare, whisper-small second set of cells also carry signals from the inner ear to the brain and have a real role in processing sound has been a matter of debate. Now, reporting on rat experiments in the October 22 issue of Nature, a Johns Hopkins team says it has for what is believed to be the first time managed to measure and record the elusive electrical activity of the type II neurons in the snail-shell-like structure called the cochlea. And it turns out the cells do indeed carry signals from the ear to the brain, and the sounds they likely respond to would need to be loud, such as sirens or alarms that might be even be described as painful or traumatic.
Advances in hearing aid design and technology mean more and better choices for consumers. The October issue of Mayo Clinic Women's HealthSource covers the pros and cons of various styles, from those that are barely noticeable to others that resemble the latest phones and come in stylish colors. Most of today's hearing aids work by providing more amplification for soft sounds and less amplification for loud sounds, making soft and average conversational speech loud enough to hear. Digital technology allows for smaller hearing aids that can be programmed and adjusted to better match an individual's unique hearing loss, usually with better sound quality, less feedback (squealing) and better noise reduction.
An innovative four-year project to help families, service providers and policy makers understand the effectiveness of the different types of support available for young deaf children has come to an end, with some interesting findings. Positive Support in the lives of Deaf Children and their Families was a research project funded by the Big Lottery Fund via a partnership with Deafness Research UK. 'Positive Support' builds on an opportunity presented by the introduction of the NHS Newborn Hearing Screening Programme in 2002 resulting in many changes to the services available for deaf children and their families. Children with permanent hearing loss are now identified significantly earlier than before the programme was introduced, meaning that families are facing many important life issues while their child is still very young.
More needs to be done to prevent and treat otitis media (otherwise known as middle ear inflammation), which is a major health problem in Indigenous communities and can lead to permanent hearing loss, according to the editor of a supplement on the condition published in the 2 November issue of the Medical Journal of Australia. Each year, three to five Australian children die from complications related to otitis media and another 15 suffer permanent hearing loss. "Indigenous Australian children account for the highest prevalence of chronic suppurative otitis media in the world (70 per cent in some remote communities). The World Health Organization regards a prevalence of chronic suppurative otitis media of over four per cent in a defined population of children as a massive public health problem requiring urgent attention, " Professor Harvey Coates, Clinical Professor at the University of Western Australia and Senior Ear, Nose and Throat Surgeon at the Princess Margaret Hospital for Children in Perth said.
As many as one in seven people will experience tinnitus, or ringing in their ears, at some time of their life, but not enough is being done to support patients who experience this distressing condition, according to an extensive research review in the November issue of the Journal of Clinical Nursing. Tinnitus is the most common injury arising from the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq and 75% of 18 to 30 year-olds who go to nightclubs and concerts may experience temporary tinnitus. "Despite the fact that it is a very distressing condition and can affect people's lifestyle and quality of life, around 94% of patients are simply told that nothing can be done to alleviate the condition" says Professor Susan Holmes from Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, UK.
Specialists in HIV and in hearing at the University of Rochester Medical Center are teaming up to measure the hearing of people with AIDS. The five-year study is believed to be the first large study of its kind testing the hearing of people with HIV/AIDS and comparing the results with those from people without HIV. The new effort, supported by a $1.9 million grant from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, is the result of collaboration between hearing experts and experts on HIV and AIDS. The study is led by Amneris Luque, M.D., associate professor of Medicine and director of Strong Memorial Hospital's AIDS Clinic, which provides care for more than 900 patients.
Age-related hearing loss is the most common sensory disorder among the elderly. But scientists are still trying to figure out what cellular processes govern or contribute to the loss. Now a University of Florida team and researchers from University of Wisconsin and three other institutions have identified a protein that is central to processes that cause oxidative damage to cells and lead to age-related hearing loss. The findings help point the way toward a new target for antioxidant therapies and will be published online this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. One theory of aging holds that free radicals damage components of mitochondria, the energy center of cells. | 2019-04-20T05:23:37 | http://ezoclub.org/hearing/page_7.html |
A. Taxation of the Church. The latest tax exemptions in favour of the Orthodox Church as well as in favour of all known religions in Greece with no exception, were repealed on April 23, 2010 by law No. 3842/2010. Henceforth, the legal entities of the Orthodox Church have been disbursing : (1) a tax on their real estate, and indeed at a tax rate three times as high as the one applying to the rest of the public organisations of the country; (2) a tax on the rents they receive each year from their real estate at a tax rate of 20% of their value, namely higher than the one applying to private individuals; (3) a complementary tax on their revenues from edifices and leased lands at a rate of 3%; (4) an advance payment of tax for the following year at a rate of 55% of the value of the aforementioned complementary tax; (5) a tax on inheritance and donations at a rate of 0.5% of their value; (6) a stamp duty fee and Agricultural Insurance Organisation rights at a total rate of 2.40% on each pecuniary contribution from the faithful to the Holy Churches by reason of sacred practices. Moreover, the aforementioned legal entities of the Church withhold and pay to the Greek Government all taxes which private tax payers are also obliged to withhold and pay in their transactions with third parties (tax on salaried services, VAT etc.). In accordance with tax law, only spaces used for worship and public benefit purposes by all religions and denominations with no exception are exempted from the tax on real estate. Thus the Central Service of the Church of Greece, the Holy Metropolises, the Parishes, the Holy Monasteries and the Ecclesiastic Foundations paid for the year 2011 a total amount of 12,584,139.92€ in taxes.
C. The revenues of the Church. The revenues of the Church derive from the rents of Its remaining real estate, the dividends from bank shares and voluntary contributions from the faithful. It should be noted that, as of 2008, paying dividends to bank shareholders has been suspended by law, while the real estate market is also going through a severe crisis. Despite all that, in October 2010 the Church of Greece supported the Greek economy by partaking of the share capital increase of the National Bank of Greece with the amount of 27 million euro, derived from bank borrowing. Today these shares, apart from the fact that they yield no dividend, have almost zero resale value. It should be emphasised that the Church of Greece has no revenues from commercial ventures or business activities in general. | 2019-04-23T10:24:51 | https://www.johnsanidopoulos.com/2012/07/letter-of-archbishop-of-athens-on.html |
The floral perfume of Violet has the magic to reach deep within you and soothe mind, body & soul.
The floral perfume of Violet has the magic to reach deep within you and soothe mind, body & soul. You will receive one box containing aproximately 20 incense sticks - the picture shown displays 6 boxes. | 2019-04-24T08:07:14 | https://www.theholisticemporium.co.uk/ourshop/prod_5640316-Anne-Stokes-Immortal-Flight-Incense-Sticks.html |
Our distinctive approach to leadership development is what makes us stand out from other similar programmes. Our focus is on building not just great leaders but outstanding leaders who are inspiring, agile and demanding in terms of standards and the results that they are able.
Our goal is to provide professional support and experienced help to transform our client’s business.
We are passionate about business improvement and are here to transform their client’s business.
Consulting partners with the world’s leading companies to provide coaches and professional coaching services. Working with progressive leaders in the industry of technology, banking, retail, finance, communications, constructions and more. | 2019-04-20T05:18:21 | https://letaev.com/o-nas/ |
If you need a car, and you need it fast, browse the inventory of cheap cars in the Salt Lake City area available here at Larry H. Miller Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram in Sandy. Whether its a used car, truck or SUV you're looking for, we have the vehicle to meet your needs, for $10K or less. Stop into 10985 S Automall Drive today to see how we can help you get into a great used car and save. | 2019-04-19T23:00:00 | https://www.lhmchryslerjeep.com/bargain-inventory/index.htm |
A mini origami diplodocus night light in green.
Power via USB cable or three AG13 batteries.
USB cable and batteries are included.
Great item - great price. Free delivery too - thank you!
Fantastic item, nice quality, looks really cute and my niece loves it.
Excellent product. Grandsons love it.
A cute and quirky dinosaur lamp that kids and adults of all ages will love! With its unique origami shape and gentle glow, this battery powered LED night light is a sweet and stylish piece of nursery lighting that will both delight and soothe your kids. The blocky shape makes for a unique alternative to your everyday desk light, and the handy fact that you can either charge your light via included AG13 batteries or the included USB charger only makes this night light even more of a must-have. | 2019-04-25T00:19:18 | https://www.lisaangel.co.uk/house-of-disaster-mini-led-diplidocus-dinosaur-lamp |
But probably even more than that, I loved the plaque that accompanied it. Which was lucky, because I do blame the broom for the degradation of contemporary morals.
I couldn't help but want to be photographed with this higher ed art, what with only 12 days left!!
Go Ducks! Hee hee! These ones are from the Eastern Han Dynasty of China, c. A.D. 25-220.
I love that folks from the Huron tribe, circa 1800, (a) needed business cards, (b) needed a case for them, (c) decorated it up so dang fancy!
Guess who made this steer-horn armchair? Our friends over at Tiffany & Company, c. 1880.
Here's Hellboy...I mean my husband... in the middle of an awesome installation called Fox Games. I LOVED it! Everything's painted red, except the gray foxes jumping all over stuff! It was really hard to shoot in all that red tho...CLEARLY. | 2019-04-24T20:43:09 | http://www.idahochickenranch.com/2010/06/denver-art-museum.html |
A lovely peplum, a cozy fabric with a touch of lace: the perfect combo that you’ll instantly fall in love with!
In between sizes, choose the smaller one.
Ornella wears our Rose in a size S.
Designed in Brussels and made in Portugal.
Buy your usual size. Between two sizes, choose the smaller one.
You are purchasing a pre-order, it cannot include other creations.
You are going through a classic order.
A classic order cannot combined with a pre-order in the same cart. Please validate your cart before pre-ordering. | 2019-04-22T04:53:51 | https://www.orta-store.com/en/store/658-rose-blouse.html |
Peak District National Park Engagement Manager, Lorna Fisher, is currently preparing to cycle 1,658 miles through all 15 of the UK’s national parks in just 2 weeks. Her challenge begins in Cairngorms National Park on 13th April, passing through the Peak District 19th April and finishing in the Norfolk Broads National Park on 27th April.
This grueling challenge coincides with National Parks Fortnight (6th – 21st April) which celebrates the 70th anniversary of the 1946 Act of Parliament, which established the Peak District as the first of many protected National Parks in the UK. During her cycling challenge, Lorna aims to raise funds for the Peak District National Park Foundation, as part of their #70kfor70 campaign.
Q: Hi Lorna, thanks for speaking to us today! In just over a month’s time, you are taking on the Pedalling the Parks challenge. Where did the idea to cycle through all 15 of the UK’s national parks come from, and has this been done before?
A: I believe it hasn’t been done before, as far as google searches go anyway. It is about twice the distance of Lands’ end to John O Groats, which is a popular route.
I’ve been inspired by other environmental adventure activists such as Sarah Outen and Al Humphreys, who use their passion to explore with learning and spreading messages about important environment concerns.
At the 2018 Europarc Conference hosted by Cairngorms National Park we launched the Youth Manifesto and many young people were so passionate about our National Parks and it fired me up to thinking what could I do to spread awareness, and help more people learn about, love and care for our NPs.
I love riding bikes and haven’t visited all the parks so this felt like the perfect fit.
Q: By taking on the Pedalling the Peaks Challenge, you also hope to raise money for the Peak District National Park Foundation, which is fantastic. How will this money benefit the UK’s busiest national park?
Every penny goes to delivering much-needed projects within your National Park.
Q: Apart from raising money for the Peak District National Park Foundation to support conservation and access projects, what other impacts do you hope you will have by taking on the Pedalling the Peaks challenge?
A: I hope simply to raise awareness of our national parks and the benefits they bring. To me being on a bike is all about escape, peace, and the fun of exploring. I love the conversations you have with people whilst riding through places, people are curious and often can’t quite believe you have ridden so far, especially as a women, so it’s a good conversation starter to talk about my purpose. This enables me to encourage others to visit their National Parks, or simply get active in a local green space, its all so good for your mental and physical well-being.
I hope through casual conversation on the ride, talks to schools and groups post ride, I will get more people connected with our National Parks.
I will be linking this ride to the Year of Green Action, which encourages connecting people to nature, and taking positive action to improve our environment #IWill.
I see this as a platform to raise awareness of other campaigns close to my heart such as BMC Hills to Ocean, which aims to remove mountains of waste from the places we love #HILLS2OCEANS.
Q: You got into cycling just 7 years ago. What was your motivation to start cycling?
A: My partner is a keen cyclist and when he joined our local club Glossop Kinder Velo I was jealous when he was out all day exploring and coming back with photos of the amazing landscape we have on our doorstep in the Peak District. So his dad gave me an old bike and I started training to keep up. Soon I was joining him on rides, and continue to love riding together. It’s been a great way to make new friends and feel a sense of belonging.
I had a go at racing my bike to get to know more women who are motivated to challenge themselves, and more recently enjoyed long distance audaxes. I now ride regularly with Rapha from the Manchester Clubhouse, and have recently become a ride leader, so will enjoy bringing more cyclists out into the Peak District.
I have always loved being outdoors, and enjoyed many different activities such as walking, and wild swimming. But cycling just gets you a bit further, I enjoy the pace and perspective you have from a bike.
Q: How can people support and follow your progress during the Pedalling the Peaks challenge?
A: Through our social media channels @peakdistrict on Twitter and Facebook, and with the hashtag #PedaltheParks. Also follow the new Peak District Foundation Instagram page.
If you would like to contribute towards Lorna’s fundraising target, please make a donation via the button below. More information on the Pedalling the Peaks challenge can also be found on the Peak District National Authority website. | 2019-04-21T14:20:43 | https://www.mountcook.org/blog/pedalling-the-parks |
Yesterday was our 11 year anniversary. Not too much has happened, except last month Hi-Rez actually said that they were going to support Tribes: Ascend again. They plan on getting rid of all the classes and just having a Light, Medium, and Heavy, like base does in T1. In addition to that, the armors will receive an extra weapon slot. You can test it out on their PTS server. We're not sure what Hi-Rez is up to by supporting T:A after two years of zero contact. We'll see what happens.
It is curious if they'll get it right with T:A.
They also decided to give away all the previous Tribes games.
And happy belated anniversary TE. | 2019-04-18T11:10:18 | http://theexiled.pwnageservers.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=2412 |
Local Nelson fishing expert Kerry Reed takes a look at how the catch is out on Kootenay Lake.
Jayden Maida hooked this Rainbow earlier this month.
It’s happening! Our fall/winter season is in full swing and the fish are right on schedule.
I’ve always enjoyed November and December for fishing on Kootenay Lake. And this year is no exception. We have started catching big fish regularly. Each day seems to land a big fish, with some days landing multiple big fish. And by big fish I mean 15 to 20 pounds and some over 20 pounds.
We started the day at 7 a.m. on the water. Our lines were out by 7:30, and by 7:45 we hooked into our first screamer. Cosmo was first up on the rods and he fought this monster for about 10 minutes. After a lengthy battle he finally got the fish beside the boat. A big, beautiful male with a large red stripe. The fish rolled on its side and spit the hook out. It looked to be around 18-plus pounds and Cosi was heartbroken. Hopefully that’s not our only big fish for the day.
We continue fishing for a couple hours and land a few smaller Rainbows. Then at 10:30, Jayden hooks into a screamer. He played this fish like a pro and 10 minutes later, the fish was in the net. Another beauty about 15 pounds.
We got our lines back in the water and continued fishing that area. Only another half hour goes by and Marco hooks into a nice fish. Not the same battle that we were used to, but a nice six pound Dolly landed in the net. Good fish for the barbecue.
Lines back out and only another hour goes by and Cosmo’s turn again. Another big screamer. This time the fish stays deep and it’s definitely a sign of a 20 pounder. After about 15 minutes of battling this fish, he finally has it close to the boat. Right at the back of the boat and about 50 feet straight down. This fish is holding it’s ground. Well, after all that stalling, the fish finally wins the battle. Only 20 feet from the boat and the hook is spit out again. I think Cosmo is getting a complex now. Two big fish on for him, but neither one made to the net. Oh well, that’s fishing.
We carried on fishing for the next couple hours and landed some small fish to keep everyone busy. Even Cosmo managed to land one of those. A nice consolation prize I guess.
Later in the afternoon, the line screams off and it’s Marco’s turn again. He plays this fish perfectly and manages to get a nice 12 pound Rainbow to the net. Good fish Marco.
And finally, we are making our way back home and almost done for the day, when the line starts screaming again. Jayden quickly jumps up and grabs the rod. He has another big fish on. The fish is taking line and jumping three or four times out behind the boat about 300 feet. As I slowed the boat down to help with the battle, another line starts screaming. Len grabs hold of this rod and the battle is on. A double header.
The fish cross in front of each other and Len and Jayden both switch sides of the boat to keep the lines in order. About 15 minutes go by and Jayden’s fish is ready for the net. Another beautiful Rainbow.
This one weighs in at 14 pounds and we quickly get it back in the water and prepare to net Len’s fish. Finally to the boat we slip the net under this fish. A gorgeous 17 pound Rainbow showing its fall colors.
What a way to end the day. A double header with a 14 pound and 17 pound Rainbow. That’s what a day on Kootenay Lake can be like at this time of year.
We’ve had a few other days like that in November also. I can’t wait to see what the rest of November and December have to offer.
Last weekend’s derby was a successful one also. The top three fish weighed in at: 21.7 pounds, 21 pounds, and 19 pounds. Congratulations to Fraser, Todd, and Harry for catching the winning fish.
Our favorite bucktail flies are working well. The magic colors include: Black/white, gray/white, purple/white. Or commonly known as the 215, 228, 203, or the Gray ghost and November special.
Also using the usual Lyman plugs on the surface or downrigger to 150 ft. Magic plugs have been: #16, 32, 100, and 135.
And the old standby on the downrigger has been the flasher/hoochie combo. It’s been working well at depths between 100 and 150 feet. Catching both Dollies and Rainbows on these lures.
I hope this helps improve everybody’s luck on the lake. And remember, you can’t catch fish if you’re not out there. | 2019-04-26T00:29:47 | https://www.nelsonstar.com/sports/chills-equal-thrills/ |
Mar. 19, 2019 2:16 p.m.
A Ponoka woman willed over $200,000 of her life savings to important community causes.
Bernice (nee Spelrem) Wilkinson passed away July 26, 2015 and while many in the community knew her as the friendly cashier at the Co-Op, some may not know just how passionate she was for Ponoka, and just how far her philanthropy went.
Bernice donated $67,321.99 each ($201,965.97 in total) to three groups: the Ponoka and District Health Foundation, the Ponoka Wheelchair Van Society (operated under Ponoka FCSS) and STARS Air Ambulance.
A celebration of her incredible donations and cheque presentation was held March 13 at the Ponoka Hospital and Care Centre with the health foundation and FCSS in attendance. Bernice’s niece, Donna Manning, was there to present the cheques and to celebrate being able to get the money to where it belongs. Donna felt such pride for her aunt.
“Over the years she was very conscientious to donate at the end of the year,” said Donna.
Bernice was dedicated to ensuring many of the services used were taken care of, but she would never make a big fuss about it. Even when she went into care in 2013, she was diligent to ensure Donna donated her money every year.
“She was so thankful that we had all these services at home,” said Donna.
Doug Gill, chairperson of Ponoka FCSS was equally grateful as the money will go directly to assist with the rising costs of maintaining the wheelchair vans, which are busier than ever.
Born June 14, 1922 Bernice was a resident of Ponoka from some time in the 1940s when she moved to town from the farm in the Bashaw area until her death.
Bernice worked at the Co-Op — located on 51 Avenue and later where the Red Apple currently sits — for 35 years as a cashier.
“The old Co-Op store had the groceries on one side and ‘dry goods’ on the other, and best of all at Christmas time, a Toyland upstairs. I remember myself and my siblings asking and asking Bernice if Toyland was going to open soon! We’d be anxious to be among the first to go upstairs to look at all the toys, games, dolls etc. for sale. In those days (1950s and ’60s) the electronics for sale were likely to include portable hair dryers and transistor radios!” remembers Donna.
Bernice came to know most of the people in the community and surrounding area and formed many friendships over the years. She was usually up for a bit of kidding and teasing, and always had a laugh. Bernice is remembered for her wit and fine-honed sense of humour, her kindness and friendly manner.
After Les passed away in 1983 Bernice began traveling with family and friends and made three trips to Norway, which she was always proud of, and bus tours throughout Canada and the U.S. Around 2001 George Tripp came into Bernice’s life and they became constant companions. Friends and family could always find them at Tim Horton’s and join them for afternoon coffee and a few laughs.
George and Bernice enjoyed traveling and took several bus tours and cruises throughout Western Canada and Alaska. Bernice’s extended family was always grateful that George and Bernice had many years of shared good times before ill health overcame them both.
“We miss Bernice’s laugh; her phone calls — she never missed a birthday or an anniversary — she was always happy to see us when we’d stop in to ‘shoot the breeze,’” explains Donna.
Bernice passed away at Northcott Care Centre with George at her side at the age of 93.
She was predeceased by her parents Egil Spelrem and Laura Andersen (both born in Norway), her husband Les, her brothers Marvin, Alvin, Herbert, Leonard and twin brother Bernie Spelrem She is survived by her sister Alice Coughlin and brother Clare Andersen, and numerous nieces and nephews. | 2019-04-19T07:00:42 | https://www.ponokanews.com/news/ponoka-woman-wills-over-200000-of-life-savings-to-community-causes/ |
Booking an Uber must seem a bit like being in Mr Benn.
You enter your details into the app and then, as if by magic… a car appears.
The thing with Mr Benn of course is there there’s only the one shop, and the one shopkeeper. Ubers, however, they are many. And they all wait outside my building for you to book them.
We’ve always had problems with Private Hire Vehicles parking up on the access road to Whitehall Quay, but since the rise of Uber it’s become an infestation. They narrow the access road by parking on both sides. They park in the residents parking bays. They park in front of the NO PARKING sign by the drop-off spaces, getting the way of deliveries. They park in the entrance to the underground car park. They park up at Whitehall Riverside a dozen at a time, including in the loading bay outside Whitehall Place. They come from Bradford and Kirklees and heaven knows where else. Don’t believe me? Look at the photos. I have loads.
There were four of them the other week when my brother came to pick me up so we could go bury our mum, meaning he couldn’t wait anywhere safe.
The Council and the site management do their best, but Ubers breed.
And all so that you can save a few quid getting home.
So far, it sounds like a tale of entitlement. How dare these people park their filthy cars anywhere near my posh apartment? Right?
Well, consider this. The reason all these Ubers – and the rest – park round my way is so that they can quickly get to Leeds Station.
Except, they can’t. Or shouldn’t. There’s a No Right Turn at the end of the access road, just for this purpose. The road markings are pretty clear as well. They still turn right, somehow negotiating the street signs and traffic island, causing people to scurry out of their way when crossing the road. If you hear them, that is, some of these cars are electric.
Why would you get into a vehicle driven by someone with such a blatant disregard for the rules of the road?
Do you want to be in one of these things when the driver hits a pedestrian? Or when you get T-boned crossing a junction?
Is your life, or anyone else’s, really worth the few quid you’ll save? | 2019-04-20T01:16:36 | https://www.garytaylor.xyz/2018/10/02/uberville |
Prevention, control and mitigation of dangerous conditions related to storage, use, dispensing, mixing and handling of flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with Chapter 50 and this chapter.
1.Specific provisions for flammable liquids in motor fuel-dispensing facilities, repair garages, airports and marinas in Chapter 23.
2.Medicines, foodstuffs, cosmetics and commercial or institutional products containing not more than 50 percent by volume of water-miscible liquids and with the remainder of the solution not being flammable, provided that such materials are packaged in individual containers not exceeding 1.3 gallons (5 L).
3.Quantities of alcoholic beverages in retail or wholesale sales or storage occupancies, providied that the liquids are packaged in individual containers not exceeding 1.3 gallons (5 L).
4.Storage and use of fuel oil in tanks and containers connected to oil-burning equipment. Such storage and use shall be in accordance with Section 603. For abandonment of fuel oil tanks, this chapter applies.
5.Refrigerant liquids and oils in refrigeration systems (see Section 606).
6.Storage and display of aerosol products complying with Chapter 51.
7.Storage and use of liquids that do not have a fire point when tested in accordance with ASTM D 92.
8.Liquids with a flash point greater than 95°F (35°C) in a water-miscible solution or dispersion with a water and inert (noncombustible) solids content of more than 80 percent by weight, which do not sustain combustion.
9.Liquids without flash points that can be flammable under some conditions, such as certain halogenated hydrocarbons and mixtures containing halogenated hydrocarbons.
10.The storage of distilled spirits and wines in wooden barrels and casks.
11.Commercial cooking oil storage tank systems located within a building and designed and installed in accordance with Section 610 and NFPA 30.
The applicable requirements of Chapter 50, other chapters of this code, the International Building Code and the International Mechanical Code pertaining to flammable liquids shall apply.
Flammable and combustible liquids shall be classified in accordance with the definitions in Chapter 2.
When mixed with lower flash-point liquids, Class II or III liquids are capable of assuming the characteristics of the lower flash-point liquids. Under such conditions, the appropriate provisions of this chapter for the actual flash point of the mixed liquid shall apply.
When heated above their flash points, Class II and III liquids assume the characteristics of Class I liquids. Under such conditions, the appropriate provisions of this chapter for flammable liquids shall apply.
Electrical wiring and equipment shall be installed and maintained in accordance with Section 605 and NFPA 70.
5703.1.1 Classified locations for flammable liquids.
Areas where flammable liquids are stored, handled, dispensed or mixed shall be in accordance with Table 5703.1.1. A classified area shall not extend beyond an unpierced floor, roof or other solid partition.
The extent of the classified area is allowed to be reduced, or eliminated, where sufficient technical justification is provided to the fire code official that a concentration in the area in excess of 25 percent of the lower flammable limit (LFL) cannot be generated.
Underground tank fill opening 1 Pits, boxes or spaces below grade level, any part of which is within the Division 1 or 2 classified area.
2 Up to 18 inches above grade level within a horizontal radius of 10 feet from a loose-fill connection and within a horizontal radius of 5 feet from a tight-fill connection.
Vent—Discharging upward 1 Within 3 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions.
2 Area between 3 feet and 5 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions.
Outdoor or indoor with adequate ventilation 1 Within 3 feet of vent and fill opening, extending in all directions.
2 Area between 3 feet and 5 feet from vent of fill opening, extending in all directions. Also up to 18 inches above floor or grade level within a horizontal radius of 10 feet from vent or fill opening.
Indoor 2 Within 5 feet of any edge of such devices, extending in all directions, and up to 3 feet above floor or grade level within 25 feet horizontally from any edge of such devices.
Outdoor 2 Within 3 feet of any edge of such devices, extending in all directions, and up to 18 inches above floor or grade level within 10 feet horizontally from an edge of such devices.
Without mechanical ventilation 1 Entire area within pit if any part is within a Division 1 or 2 classified area.
With mechanical ventilation 2 Entire area within pit if any part is within a Division 1 or 2 classified area.
Containing valves, fittings or piping, and not within a Division 1 or 2 classified area 2 Entire pit.
Indoor 1 or 2 Same as pits.
Outdoor 2 Area up to 18 inches above ditch, separator or basin, and up to 18 inches above grade within 15 feet horizontal from any edge.
Loading through open dome 1 Within 3 feet of edge of dome, extending in all directions.
2 Area between 3 feet and 15 feet from edge of dome, extending in all directions.
Loading through bottom connections with atmospheric venting 1 Within 3 feet of point of venting to atmosphere, extending in all directions.
2 Area between 3 feet and 15 feet from point of venting to atmosphere, extending in all direc-tions. Also up to 18 inches above grade within a horizontal radius of 10 feet from point of loading connection.
Loading through closed dome with atmospheric venting 1 Within 3 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions.
2 Area between 3 feet and 15 feet from open end of vent, extending in all directions, and within 3 feet of edge of dome, extending in all directions.
Loading through closed dome with vapor control 2 Within 3 feet of point of connection of both fill and vapor lines, extending in all directions.
Bottom loading with vapor control or any bottom unloading 2 Within 3 feet of point of connection, extending in all directions, and up to 18 inches above grade within a horizontal radius of 10 feet from point of connection.
Storage and repair garage for tank vehicles 1 Pits or spaces below floor level.
2 Area up to 18 inches above floor or grade level for entire storage or repair garage.
Garages for other than tank vehicles Ordinary Where there is an opening to these rooms within the extent of an outdoor classified area, the entire room shall be classified the same as the area classification at the point of the opening.
Indoor warehousing where there is no flammable liquid transfer Ordinary Where there is an opening to these rooms within the extent of an indoor classified area, the room shall be classified the same as if the wall, curb or partition did not exist.
1 Area within 5 feet of any edge of such equipment, extending in all directions.
1 Area within 3 feet of any edge of such equipment, extending in all directions.
Outdoor equipment where flammable vapor/air mixtures could exist under normal operations 2 Area between 3 feet and 8 feet of any edge of such equipment extending in all directions, and the area up to 3 feet above floor or grade level within 3 feet to 10 feet horizontally from any edge of such equipment.
Shell, ends or roof and dike area 1 Area inside dike where dike height is greater than the distance from the tank to the dike for more than 50 percent of the tank circumference.
2 Area within 10 feet from shell, ends or roof of tank. Area inside dikes to level of top of dike.
Vent 1 Area within 5 feet of open end of vent, extending in all directions.
2 Area between 5 feet and 10 feet from open end of vent, extending in all directions.
Floating roof 1 Area above the roof and within the shell.
Office and restrooms Ordinary Where there is an opening to these rooms within the extent of an indoor classified location, the room shall be classified the same as if the wall, curb or partition did not exist.
a.Locations as classified in NFPA 70.
b.When classifying extent of area, consideration shall be given to the fact that tank cars or tank vehicles can be spotted at varying points. Therefore, the extremities of the loading or unloading positions shall be used.
c.The release of Class I liquids can generate vapors to the extent that the entire building, and possibly a zone surrounding it, are considered a Class I, Division 2 location.
5703.1.2 Classified locations for combustible liquids.
Areas where Class II or III liquids are heated above their flash points shall have electrical installations in accordance with Section 5703.1.1.
Exception: Solvent distillation units in accordance with Section 5705.4.
The fire code official is authorized to determine the extent of the Class I electrical equipment and wiring location where a condition is not specifically covered by these requirements or NFPA 70.
Fire protection for the storage, use, dispensing, mixing, handling and on-site transportation of flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with this chapter and applicable sections of Chapter 9.
5703.2.1 Portable fire extinguishers and hose lines.
Portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with Section 906. Hose lines shall be provided in accordance with Section 905.
In the event of a spill, leak or discharge from a tank system, a site assessment shall be completed by the owner or operator of such tank system if the fire code official determines that a potential fire or explosion hazard exists. Such site assessments shall be conducted to ascertain potential fire hazards and shall be completed and submitted to the fire department within a time period established by the fire code official, not to exceed 60 days.
5703.4 Spill control and secondary containment.
Where the maximum allowable quantity per control area is exceeded, and where required by Section 5004.2, rooms, buildings or areas used for storage, dispensing, use, mixing or handling of Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with Section 5004.2.
The fire code official is authorized to require warning signs for the purpose of identifying the hazards of storing or using flammable liquids. Signage for identification and warning such as for the inherent hazard of flammable liquids or smoking shall be provided in accordance with this chapter and Sections 5003.5 and 5003.6.
Signs shall be posted in locations as required by the fire code official. Piping containing flammable liquids shall be identified in accordance with ASME A13.1.
Individual containers, packages and cartons shall be identified, marked, labeled and placarded in accordance with federal regulations and applicable state laws.
Color coding or other approved identification means shall be provided on each loading and unloading riser for flammable or combustible liquids to identify the contents of the tank served by the riser.
Piping systems, and their component parts, for flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with Sections 5703.6.1 through 5703.6.11.
The provisions of Section 5703.6 shall not apply to gas or oil well installations; piping that is integral to stationary or portable engines, including aircraft, watercraft and motor vehicles; and piping in connection with boilers and pressure vessels regulated by the International Mechanical Code.
5703.6.2 Design and fabrication of piping systems and components.
Piping system components shall be designed and fabricated in accordance with the applicable standard listed in Table 5703.6.2 and Chapter 27 of NFPA 30, except as modified by Section 5703.6.2.1.
1.Suitably protected against fire exposure.
2.Located where leakage from failure would not unduly expose people or structures.
3.Located where leakage can be readily controlled by operation of accessible remotely located valves.
In all cases, nonmetallic piping shall be used in accordance with Section 27.4.6 of NFPA 30.
Unless tested in accordance with the applicable section of ASME B31.9, piping, before being covered, enclosed or placed in use, shall be hydrostatically tested to 150 percent of the maximum anticipated pressure of the system, or pneumatically tested to 110 percent of the maximum anticipated pressure of the system, but not less than 5 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (34.47 kPa) at the highest point of the system. This test shall be maintained for a sufficient time period to complete visual inspection of joints and connections. For not less than 10 minutes, there shall be no leakage or permanent distortion. Care shall be exercised to ensure that these pressures are not applied to vented storage tanks. Such storage tanks shall be tested independently from the piping.
Existing piping shall be tested in accordance with this section where the fire code official has reasonable cause to believe that a leak exists. Piping that could contain flammable or combustible liquids shall not be tested pneumatically. Such tests shall be at the expense of the owner or operator.
Exception: Vapor-recovery piping is allowed to be tested using an inert gas.
Guard posts or other approved means shall be provided to protect piping, valves or fittings subject to vehicular damage in accordance with Section 312.
5703.6.5 Protection from external corrosion and galvanic action.
Where subject to external corrosion, piping, related fluid-handling components and supports for both underground and above-ground applications shall be fabricated from noncorrosive materials, and coated or provided with corrosion protection. Dissimilar metallic parts that promote galvanic action shall not be joined.
Piping systems shall contain a sufficient number of manual control valves and check valves to operate the system properly and to protect the plant under both normal and emergency conditions. Piping systems in connection with pumps shall contain a sufficient number of such valves to control properly the flow of liquids in normal operation and in the event of physical damage or fire exposure.
Connections to pipelines or piping by which equipment (such as tank cars, tank vehicles or marine vessels) discharges liquids into storage tanks shall be provided with check valves or block valves for automatic protection against back-flow where the piping arrangement is such that back-flow from the system is possible. Where loading and unloading is done through a common pipe system, a check valve is not required. However, a block valve, located so as to be readily accessible or remotely operable, shall be provided.
Manual drainage-control valves shall be located at approved locations remote from the tanks, diked area, drainage system and impounding basin to ensure their operation in a fire condition.
Above-ground tanks with connections located below normal liquid level shall be provided with internal or external isolation valves located as close as practical to the shell of the tank. Except for liquids whose chemical characteristics are incompatible with steel, such valves, where external, and their connections to the tank shall be of steel.
1.Draining liquid away from the piping system at a minimum slope of not less than 1 percent.
2.Providing protection with a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hours.
1.Where piping connects to underground tanks.
2.Where piping ends at pump islands and vent risers.
3.At points where differential movement in the piping can occur.
1.Piping does not exceed 4 inches (102 mm) in diameter.
2.Piping has a straight run of not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) on one side of the connection where such connections result in a change of direction.
In lieu of the minimum 4-foot (1219 mm) straight run length, approved and listed flexible joints are allowed to be used under dispensers and suction pumps, at submerged pumps and tanks, and where vents extend above ground.
Joints shall be liquid tight and shall be welded, flanged or threaded except that listed flexible connectors are allowed in accordance with Section 5703.6.9. Threaded or flanged joints shall fit tightly by using approved methods and materials for the type of joint. Joints in piping systems used for Class I liquids shall be welded where located in concealed spaces within buildings.
Nonmetallic joints shall be approved and shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
Pipe joints that are dependent on the friction characteristics or resiliency of combustible materials for liquid tightness of piping shall not be used in buildings. Piping shall be secured to prevent disengagement at the fitting.
Pipe and tubing shall be bent in accordance with ASME B31.9.
The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in containers and tanks shall be in accordance with this section and the applicable sections of Chapter 50.
1.The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in fixed above-ground and underground tanks.
2.The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in fixed above-ground tanks inside of buildings.
3.The storage of flammable and combustible liquids in portable tanks whose capacity exceeds 660 gallons (2498 L).
4.The installation of such tanks and portable tanks.
5704.2.1 Change of tank contents.
Tanks subject to change in contents shall be in accordance with Section 5704.2.7. Prior to a change in contents, the fire code official is authorized to require testing of a tank.
Tanks that have previously contained Class I liquids shall not be loaded with Class II or Class III liquids until such tanks and all piping, pumps, hoses and meters connected thereto have been completely drained and flushed.
5704.2.2 Use of tank vehicles and tank cars as storage tanks.
Tank cars and tank vehicles shall not be used as storage tanks.
Labeling and signs for storage tanks and storage tank areas shall comply with Sections 5704.2.3.1 and 5704.2.3.2.
5704.2.3.1 Smoking and open flame.
Signs shall be posted in storage areas prohibiting open flames and smoking. Signs shall comply with Section 5703.5.
Tanks more than 100 gallons (379 L) in capacity, which are permanently installed or mounted and used for the storage of Class I, II or III liquids, shall bear a label and placard identifying the material therein. Placards shall be in accordance with NFPA 704.
1.Tanks of 300-gallon (1136 L) capacity or less located on private property and used for heating and cooking fuels in single-family dwellings.
Smoking and open flames are prohibited in storage areas in accordance with Section 5003.7.
Exception: Areas designated as smoking and hot work areas, and areas where hot work permits have been issued in accordance with this code.
Explosion control shall be provided in accordance with Section 911 for indoor tanks.
5704.2.6 Separation from incompatible materials.
Storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall be separated from incompatible materials in accordance with Section 5003.9.8.
Grass, weeds, combustible materials and waste Class I, II or IIIA liquids shall not be accumulated in an unsafe manner at a storage site.
5704.2.7 Design, fabrication and construction requirements for tanks.
The design, fabrication and construction of tanks shall comply with NFPA 30. Each tank shall bear a permanent nameplate or marking indicating the standard used as the basis of design.
5704.2.7.1 Materials used in tank construction.
The materials used in tank construction shall be in accordance with NFPA 30. The materials of construction for tanks and their appurtenances shall be compatible with the liquids to be stored.
5704.2.7.2 Pressure limitations for tanks.
Tanks shall be designed for the pressures to which they will be subjected in accordance with NFPA 30.
5704.2.7.3 Tank vents for normal venting.
Tank vents for normal venting shall be installed and maintained in accordance with Sections 5704.2.7.3.1 through 5704.2.7.3.5.3.
Vent lines from tanks shall not be used for purposes other than venting unless approved.
5704.2.7.3.2 Vent-line flame arresters and pressure-vacuum vents.
Listed or approved flame arresters or pressure-vacuum (PV) vents that remain closed unless venting under pressure or vacuum conditions shall be installed in normal vents of tanks containing Class IB and IC liquids.
Exception: Where determined by the fire code official that the use of such devices can result in damage to the tank.
Vent-line flame arresters shall be installed in accordance with their listing or API 2000 and maintained in accordance with Section 21.8.6 of NFPA 30 or API 2000. In-line flame arresters in piping systems shall be installed and maintained in accordance with their listing or API 2028. Pressure-vacuum vents shall be installed in accordance with Section 21.4.3 of NFPA 30 or API 2000 and maintained in accordance with Section 21.8.6 of NFPA 30 or API 2000.
Vent pipe outlets for tanks storing Class I, II or IIIA liquids shall be located such that the vapors are released at a safe point outside of buildings and not less than 12 feet (3658 mm) above the finished ground level. Vapors shall be discharged upward or horizontally away from adjacent walls to assist in vapor dispersion. Vent outlets shall be located such that flammable vapors will not be trapped by eaves or other obstructions and shall be not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) from building openings or lot lines of properties that can be built upon. Vent outlets on atmospheric tanks storing Class IIIB liquids are allowed to discharge inside a building where the vent is a normally closed vent.
Exception: Vent pipe outlets on tanks storing Class IIIB liquid inside buildings and connected to fuel-burning equipment shall be located such that the vapors are released to a safe location outside of buildings.
5704.2.7.3.4 Installation of vent piping.
Vent piping shall be designed, sized, constructed and installed in accordance with Section 5703.6. Vent pipes shall be installed such that they will drain toward the tank without sags or traps in which liquid can collect. Vent pipes shall be installed in such a manner so as not to be subject to physical damage or vibration.
Tank vent piping shall not be manifolded unless required for special purposes such as vapor recovery, vapor conservation or air pollution control.
For aboveground tanks, manifolded vent pipes shall be adequately sized to prevent system pressure limits from being exceeded where manifolded tanks are subject to the same fire exposure.
For underground tanks, manifolded vent pipes shall be sized to prevent system pressure limits from being exceeded when manifolded tanks are filled simultaneously.
5704.2.7.3.5.3 Tanks storing Class I liquids.
Vent piping for tanks storing Class I liquids shall not be manifolded with vent piping for tanks storing Class II and III liquids unless positive means are provided to prevent the vapors from Class I liquids from entering tanks storing Class II and III liquids, to prevent contamination and possible change in classification of less volatile liquid.
Stationary, aboveground tanks shall be equipped with additional venting that will relieve excessive internal pressure caused by exposure to fires. Emergency vents for Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall not discharge inside buildings. The venting shall be installed and maintained in accordance with Section 22.7 of NFPA 30.
1.Tanks larger than 12,000 gallons (45 420 L) in capacity storing Class IIIB liquids that are not within the diked area or the drainage path of Class I or II liquids do not require emergency relief venting.
2.Emergency vents on protected above-ground tanks complying with UL 2085 containing Class II or IIIA liquids are allowed to discharge inside the building.
5704.2.7.5 Tank openings other than vents.
Tank openings for other than vents shall comply with Sections 5704.2.7.5.1 through 5704.2.7.5.8.
5704.2.7.5.1 Connections below liquid level.
Connections for tank openings below the liquid level shall be liquid tight.
5704.2.7.5.2 Filling, emptying and vapor recovery connections.
Filling, emptying and vapor recovery connections to tanks containing Class I, II or IIIA liquids shall be located outside of buildings in accordance with Section 5704.2.7.5.6 at a location free from sources of ignition and not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) away from building openings or lot lines of property that can be built upon. Such openings shall be properly identified and provided with a liquid-tight cap that shall be closed when not in use.
5704.2.7.5.3 Piping, connections and fittings.
Piping, connections, fittings and other appurtenances shall be installed in accordance with Section 5703.6.
Openings for manual gauging, if independent of the fill pipe, shall be provided with a liquid-tight cap or cover. Covers shall be kept closed when not gauging. If inside a building, such openings shall be protected against liquid overflow and possible vapor release by means of a spring-loaded check valve or other approved device.
5704.2.7.5.5 Fill pipes and discharge lines.
For top-loaded tanks, a metallic fill pipe shall be designed and installed to minimize the generation of static electricity by terminating the pipe within 6 inches (152 mm) of the bottom of the tank, and it shall be installed in a manner that avoids excessive vibration.
For Class I liquids other than crude oil, gasoline and asphalt, the fill pipe shall be designed and installed in a manner that will minimize the possibility of generating static electricity by terminating within 6 inches (152 mm) of the bottom of the tank.
For underground tanks, fill pipe and discharge lines shall enter only through the top. Fill lines shall be sloped toward the tank. Underground tanks for Class I liquids having a capacity greater than 1,000 gallons (3785 L) shall be equipped with a tight fill device for connecting the fill hose to the tank.
5704.2.7.5.6 Location of connections that are made or broken.
Filling, withdrawal and vapor-recovery connections for Class I, II and IIIA liquids that are made and broken shall be located outside of buildings, not more than 5 feet (1524 mm) above the finished ground level, in an approved location in close proximity to the parked delivery vehicle. Such location shall be away from sources of ignition and not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) away from building openings. Such connections shall be closed and liquid tight when not in use and shall be properly identified.
5704.2.7.5.7 Protection against vapor release.
Tank openings provided for purposes of vapor recovery shall be protected against possible vapor release by means of a spring-loaded check valve or dry-break connections, or other approved device, unless the opening is a pipe connected to a vapor processing system. Openings designed for combined fill and vapor recovery shall also be protected against vapor release unless connection of the liquid delivery line to the fill pipe simultaneously connects the vapor recovery line. Connections shall be vapor tight.
An approved means or method in accordance with Section 5704.2.9.7.5 shall be provided to prevent the overfill of all Class I, II and IIIA liquid storage tanks. Storage tanks in refineries, bulk plants or terminals regulated by Section 5706.4 or 5706.7 shall have overfill protection in accordance with API 2350.
An approved means or method in accordance with Section 5704.2.9.7.5 shall be provided to prevent the overfilling of Class IIIB liquid storage tanks connected to fuel-burning equipment inside buildings.
Exception: Outside above-ground tanks with a capacity of 1,320 gallons (5000 L) or less.
5704.2.7.6 Repair, alteration or reconstruction of tanks and piping.
The repair, alteration or reconstruction, including welding, cutting and hot tapping of storage tanks and piping that have been placed in service, shall be in accordance with NFPA 30. Hot work, as defined in Section 202, on such tanks shall be conducted in accordance with Section 3510.
The design of the supporting structure for tanks shall be in accordance with the International Building Code and NFPA 30.
5704.2.7.8 Locations subject to flooding.
Where a tank is located in an area where it is subject to buoyancy because of a rise in the water table, flooding or accumulation of water from fire suppression operations, uplift protection shall be provided in accordance with Sections 22.14 and 23.14 of NFPA 30.
Where subject to external corrosion, tanks shall be fabricated from corrosion-resistant materials, coated or provided with corrosion protection in accordance with Section 23.3.5 of NFPA 30.
A consistent or accidental loss of liquid, or other indication of a leak from a tank system, shall be reported immediately to the fire department, the fire code official and other authorities having jurisdiction.
Leaking tanks shall be promptly emptied, repaired and returned to service, abandoned or removed in accordance with Section 5704.2.13 or 5704.2.14.
Steel tanks are allowed to be lined only for the purpose of protecting the interior from corrosion or providing compatibility with a material to be stored. Only those liquids tested for compatibility with the lining material are allowed to be stored in lined tanks.
Vaults shall be allowed to be either above or below grade and shall comply with Sections 5704.2.8.1 through 5704.2.8.18.
Vaults shall be listed in accordance with UL 2245.
Exception: Where approved by the fire code official, below-grade vaults are allowed to be constructed on site, provided that the design is in accordance with the International Building Code and that special inspections are conducted to verify structural strength and compliance of the installation with the approved design in accordance with Section 1707 of the International Building Code. Installation plans for below-grade vaults that are constructed on site shall be prepared by, and the design shall bear the stamp of, a professional engineer. Consideration shall be given to soil and hydrostatic loading on the floors, walls and lid; anticipated seismic forces; uplifting by groundwater or flooding; and to loads imposed from above such as traffic and equipment loading on the vault lid.
The vault shall completely enclose each tank. There shall not be openings in the vault enclosure except those necessary for access to, inspection of, and filling, emptying and venting of the tank. The walls and floor of the vault shall be constructed of reinforced concrete not less than 6 inches (152 mm) thick. The top of an above-grade vault shall be constructed of noncombustible material and shall be designed to be weaker than the walls of the vault, to ensure that the thrust of an explosion occurring inside the vault is directed upward before significantly high pressure can develop within the vault.
The top of an at-grade or below-grade vault shall be designed to relieve safely or contain the force of an explosion occurring inside the vault. The top and floor of the vault and the tank foundation shall be designed to withstand the anticipated loading, including loading from vehicular traffic, where applicable. The walls and floor of a vault installed below grade shall be designed to withstand anticipated soil and hydrostatic loading.
Vaults shall be designed to be wind and earthquake resistant, in accordance with the International Building Code.
Vaults shall be substantially liquid tight and there shall not be backfill around the tank or within the vault. The vault floor shall drain to a sump. For premanufactured vaults, liquid tightness shall be certified as part of the listing provided by a nationally recognized testing laboratory. For field-erected vaults, liquid tightness shall be certified in an approved manner.
There shall be sufficient clearance between the tank and the vault to allow for visual inspection and maintenance of the tank and its appurtenances. Dispensing devices are allowed to be installed on tops of vaults.
Vaults and their tanks shall be suitably anchored to withstand uplifting by ground water or flooding, including when the tank is empty.
Tanks shall be listed for above-ground use, and each tank shall be in its own vault. Compartmentalized tanks shall be allowed and shall be considered as a single tank. Adjacent vaults shall be allowed to share a common wall. The common wall shall be liquid and vapor tight and shall be designed to withstand the load imposed when the vault on either side of the wall is filled with water.
Connections shall be provided to permit venting of each vault to dilute, disperse and remove vapors prior to personnel entering the vault.
Vaults that contain tanks of Class I liquids shall be provided with an exhaust ventilation system installed in accordance with Section 5004.3. The ventilation system shall operate continuously or be designed to operate upon activation of the vapor or liquid detection system. The system shall provide ventilation at a rate of not less than 1 cubic foot per minute (cfm) per square foot of floor area [0.00508 m3/(s · m2)], but not less than 150 cfm (4 m3/min). The exhaust system shall be designed to provide air movement across all parts of the vault floor. Supply and exhaust ducts shall extend to within 3 inches (76 mm), but not more than 12 inches (305 mm), of the floor. The exhaust system shall be installed in accordance with the International Mechanical Code.
Vaults shall be equipped with a detection system capable of detecting liquids, including water, and activating an alarm.
Vaults shall be provided with approved vapor and liquid detection systems and equipped with on-site audible and visual warning devices with battery backup. Vapor detection systems shall sound an alarm when the system detects vapors that reach or exceed 25 percent of the lower explosive limit (LEL) of the liquid stored. Vapor detectors shall be located not higher than 12 inches (305 mm) above the lowest point in the vault. Liquid detection systems shall sound an alarm upon detection of any liquid, including water. Liquid detectors shall be located in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Activation of either vapor or liquid detection systems shall cause a signal to be sounded at an approved, constantly attended location within the facility serving the tanks or at an approved location. Activation of vapor detection systems shall also shut off dispenser pumps.
Means shall be provided to recover liquid from the vault. Where a pump is used to meet this requirement, the pump shall not be permanently installed in the vault. Electric-powered portable pumps shall be suitable for use in Class I, Division 1, or Zone 0 locations, as defined in NFPA 70.
Vent pipes that are provided for normal tank venting shall terminate not less than 12 feet (3658 mm) above ground level.
Emergency vents shall be vapor tight and shall be allowed to discharge inside the vault. Long-bolt manhole covers shall not be allowed for this purpose.
Vaults shall be provided with a suitable means to admit a fire suppression agent.
The interior of a vault containing a tank that stores a Class I liquid shall be designated a Class I, Division 1, or Zone 0 location, as defined in NFPA 70.
Overfill protection shall be provided in accordance with Section 5704.2.9.7.6. The use of a float vent valve shall be prohibited.
Above-ground storage of flammable and combustible liquids in tanks shall comply with Section 5704.2 and Sections 5704.2.9.1 through 5704.2.9.7.9.
Existing above-ground tanks shall be maintained in accordance with the code requirements that were applicable at the time of installation. Above-ground tanks that were installed in violation of code requirements applicable at the time of installation shall be made code compliant or shall be removed in accordance with Section 5704.2.14, regardless of whether such tank has been previously inspected (see Section 106.4).
Fire protection for aboveground tanks shall comply with Sections 5704.2.9.2.1 through 5704.2.9.2.4.
5704.2.9.2.1 Required foam fire protection systems.
1.Used for the storage of Class I or II liquids.
2.Used for the storage of crude oil.
3.Used for in-process products and is located within 100 feet (30 480 mm) of a fired still, heater, related fractioning or processing apparatus or similar device at a processing plant or petroleum refinery as herein defined.
4.Considered by the fire code official as posing an unusual exposure hazard because of topographical conditions; nature of occupancy, proximity on the same or adjoining property, and height and character of liquids to be stored; degree of private fire protection to be provided; and facilities of the fire department to cope with flammable liquid fires.
5704.2.9.2.2 Foam fire protection system installation.
Where foam fire protection is required, it shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 11.
Where foam fire protection is required, foam-producing materials shall be stored on the premises.
1.Such materials stored off the premises shall be of the proper type suitable for use with the equipment at the installation where required.
2.Such materials shall be readily available at the storage location at all times.
3.Adequate loading and transportation facilities shall be provided.
4.The time required to deliver such materials to the required location in the event of fire shall be consistent with the hazards and fire scenarios for which the foam supply is intended.
5.At the time of a fire, these off-premises supplies shall be accumulated in sufficient quantities before placing the equipment in operation to ensure foam production at an adequate rate without interruption until extinguishment is accomplished.
5704.2.9.2.3 Fire protection of supports.
Supports or pilings for above-ground tanks storing Class I, II or IIIA liquids elevated more than 12 inches (305 mm) above grade shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hours in accordance with the fire exposure criteria specified in ASTM E 1529.
1.Structural supports tested as part of a protected above-ground tank in accordance with UL 2085.
2.Stationary tanks located outside of buildings where protected by an approved water-spray system designed in accordance with Chapter 9 and NFPA 15.
3.Stationary tanks located inside of buildings equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system designed in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
5704.2.9.2.4 Inerting of tanks storing boilover liquids.
Liquids with boilover characteristics shall not be stored in fixed roof tanks larger than 150 feet (45 720 mm) in diameter unless an approved gas enrichment or inerting system is provided on the tank.
Exception: Crude oil storage tanks in production fields with no other exposures adjacent to the storage tank.
5704.2.9.3 Supports, foundations and anchorage.
Supports, foundations and anchorages for aboveground tanks shall be designed and constructed in accordance with NFPA 30 and the International Building Code.
5704.2.9.4 Stairways, platforms and walkways.
Stairways, platforms and walkways shall be of non-combustible construction and shall be designed and constructed in accordance with NFPA 30 and the International Building Code.
5704.2.9.5 Above-ground tanks inside of buildings.
Above-ground tanks inside of buildings shall comply with Sections 5704.2.9.5.1 and 5704.2.9.5.2.
Above-ground tanks storing Class I, II and IIIA liquids inside buildings shall be equipped with a device or other means to prevent overflow into the building including, but not limited to: a float valve; a preset meter on the fill line; a valve actuated by the weight of the tank’s contents; a low-head pump that is incapable of producing overflow; or a liquid-tight overflow pipe not less than one pipe size larger than the fill pipe and discharging by gravity back to the outside source of liquid or to an approved location. Tanks containing Class IIIB liquids and connected to fuel-burning equipment shall be provided with a means to prevent overflow into buildings in accordance with Section 5704.2.7.5.8.
Fill pipe connections for tanks storing Class I, II and IIIA liquids and Class IIIB liquids connected to fuel-burning equipment shall be in accordance with Section 5704.2.9.7.6.
5704.2.9.6 Above-ground tanks outside of buildings.
Above-ground tanks outside of buildings shall comply with Sections 5704.2.9.6.1 through 5704.2.9.6.3.
5704.2.9.6.1 Locations where above-ground tanks are prohibited.
Storage of Class I and II liquids in above-ground tanks outside of buildings is prohibited within the limits established by law as the limits of districts in which such storage is prohibited (see Section 3 of the Sample Legislation for Adoption of the International Fire Code on page xxi).
5704.2.9.6.1.1 Location of tanks with pressures 2.5 psig or less.
Above-ground tanks operating at pressures not exceeding 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa) for storage of Class I, II or IIIA liquids, which are designed with a floating roof, a weak roof-to-shell seam or equipped with emergency venting devices limiting pressure to 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa), shall be located in accordance with Table 22.4.1.1(a) of NFPA 30.
1.Vertical tanks having a weak roof-to-shell seam and storing Class IIIA liquids are allowed to be located at one-half the distances specified in Table 22.4.1.1(a) of NFPA 30, provided the tanks are not within a diked area or drainage path for a tank storing Class I or II liquids.
2.Liquids with boilover characteristics and unstable liquids in accordance with Sections 5704.2.9.6.1.3 and 5704.2.9.6.1.4.
3.For protected above-ground tanks in accordance with Section 5704.2.9.7 and tanks in at-grade or above-grade vaults in accordance with Section 5704.2.8, the distances in Table 22.4.1.1(b) of NFPA 30 shall apply and shall be reduced by one-half, but not to less than 5 feet (1524 mm).
5704.2.9.6.1.2 Location of tanks with pressures exceeding 2.5 psig.
Above-ground tanks for the storage of Class I, II or IIIA liquids operating at pressures exceeding 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa) or equipped with emergency venting allowing pressures to exceed 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa) shall be located in accordance with Table 22.4.1.3 of NFPA 30.
Exception: Liquids with boilover characteristics and unstable liquids in accordance with Sections 5704.2.9.6.1.4 and 5704.2.9.6.1.5.
5704.2.9.6.1.3 Location of tanks storing boilover liquids.
Above-ground tanks for storage of liquids with boilover characteristics shall be located in accordance with Table 22.4.1.4 of NFPA 30.
5704.2.9.6.1.4 Location of tanks storing unstable liquids.
Above-ground tanks for the storage of unstable liquids shall be located in accordance with Table 22.4.1.5 of NFPA 30.
5704.2.9.6.1.5 Location of tanks storing Class IIIB liquids.
22.4.1.6 of NFPA 30, except where located within a diked area or drainage path for a tank or tanks storing Class I or II liquids. Where a Class IIIB liquid storage tank is within the diked area or drainage path for a Class I or II liquid, distances required by Section 5704.2.9.6.1.1 shall apply.
5704.2.9.6.1.6 Reduction of separation distances to adjacent property.
Where two tank properties of diverse ownership have a common boundary, the fire code official is authorized to, with the written consent of the owners of the two properties, apply the distances in Sections 5704.2.9.6.1.2 through 5704.2.9.6.1.5 assuming a single property.
5704.2.9.6.2 Separation between adjacent stable or unstable liquid tanks.
The separation between tanks containing stable liquids shall be in accordance with Table 22.4.2.1 of NFPA 30. Where tanks are in a diked area containing Class I or II liquids, or in the drainage path of Class I or II liquids, and are compacted in three or more rows or in an irregular pattern, the fire code official is authorized to require greater separation than specified in Table 22.4.2.1 of NFPA 30 or other means to make tanks in the interior of the pattern accessible for fire-fighting purposes.
Exception: Tanks used for storing Class IIIB liquids are allowed to be spaced 3 feet (914 mm) apart unless within a diked area or drainage path for a tank storing Class I or II liquids.
The separation between tanks containing unstable liquids shall be not less than one-half the sum of their diameters.
5704.2.9.6.3 Separation between adjacent tanks containing flammable or combustible liquids and LP-gas.
The minimum horizontal separation between an LP-gas container and a Class I, II or IIIA liquid storage tank shall be 20 feet (6096 mm) except in the case of Class I, II or IIIA liquid tanks operating at pressures exceeding 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa) or equipped with emergency venting allowing pressures to exceed 2.5 psig (17.2 kPa), in which case the provisions of Section 5704.2.9.6.2 shall apply.
An approved means shall be provided to prevent the accumulation of Class I, II or IIIA liquids under adjacent LP-gas containers such as by dikes, diversion curbs or grading. Where flammable or combustible liquid storage tanks are within a diked area, the LP-gas containers shall be outside the diked area and not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) away from the centerline of the wall of the diked area.
1.Liquefied petroleum gas containers of 125 gallons (473 L) or less in capacity installed adjacent to fuel-oil supply tanks of 660 gallons (2498 L) or less in capacity.
2.Horizontal separation is not required between above-ground LP-gas containers and underground flammable and combustible liquid tanks.
5704.2.9.7 Additional requirements for protected above-ground tanks.
In addition to the requirements of this chapter for above-ground tanks, the installation of protected above-ground tanks shall be in accordance with Sections 5704.2.9.7.1 through 5704.2.9.7.9.
The construction of a protected above-ground tank and its primary tank shall be in accordance with Section 5704.2.7.
5704.2.9.7.2 Normal and emergency venting.
Normal and emergency venting for protected aboveground tanks shall be provided in accordance with Sections 5704.2.7.3 and 5704.2.7.4. The vent capacity reduction factor shall not be allowed.
Protected above-ground tanks shall be provided with secondary containment, drainage control or diking in accordance with Section 5004.2. A means shall be provided to establish the integrity of the secondary containment in accordance with NFPA 30.
Where protected above-ground tanks, piping, electrical conduit or dispensers are subject to vehicular impact, they shall be protected therefrom, either by having the impact protection incorporated into the system design in compliance with the impact test protocol of UL 2085, or by meeting the provisions of Section 312, or where necessary, a combination of both. Where guard posts or other approved barriers are provided, they shall be independent of each aboveground tank.
1.2.Automatically shut off the flow of fuel to the tank when the quantity of liquid in the tank reaches 95 percent of tank capacity. For rigid hose fuel-delivery systems, an approved means shall be provided to empty the fill hose into the tank after the automatic shutoff device is activated.
2.The system shall reduce the flow rate to not more than 15 gallons per minute (0.95 L/s) so that at the reduced flow rate, the tank will not overfill for 30 minutes, and automatically shut off flow into the tank so that none of the fittings on the top of the tank are exposed to product because of overfilling.
A permanent sign shall be provided at the fill point for the tank, documenting the filling procedure and the tank calibration chart.
Exception: Where climatic conditions are such that the sign may be obscured by ice or snow, or weathered beyond readability or otherwise impaired, said procedures and chart shall be located in the office window, lock box or other area accessible to the person filling the tank.
5704.2.9.7.5.2 Determination of available tank capacity.
The filling procedure shall require the person filling the tank to determine the gallonage (literage) required to fill it to 90 percent of capacity before commencing the fill operation.
The fill pipe shall be provided with a means for making a direct connection to the tank vehicle’s fuel delivery hose so that the delivery of fuel is not exposed to the open air during the filling operation. Where any portion of the fill pipe exterior to the tank extends below the level of the top of the tank, a check valve shall be installed in the fill pipe not more than 12 inches (305 mm) from the fill hose connection.
A spill container having a capacity of not less than 5 gallons (19 L) shall be provided for each fill connection. For tanks with a top fill connection, spill containers shall be non-combustible and shall be fixed to the tank and equipped with a manual drain valve that drains into the primary tank. For tanks with a remote fill connection, a portable spill container shall be allowed.
Tank openings in protected above-ground tanks shall be through the top only.
Approved antisiphon devices shall be installed in each external pipe connected to the protected above-ground tank where the pipe extends below the level of the top of the tank.
The area surrounding a tank or group of tanks shall be provided with drainage control or shall be diked to prevent accidental discharge of liquid from endangering adjacent tanks, adjoining property or reaching waterways.
1.The fire code official is authorized to alter or waive these requirements based on a technical report that demonstrates that such tank or group of tanks does not constitute a hazard to other tanks, waterways or adjoining property, after consideration of special features such as topographical conditions, nature of occupancy and proximity to buildings on the same or adjacent property, capacity, and construction of proposed tanks and character of liquids to be stored, and nature and quantity of private and public fire protection provided.
2.Drainage control and diking is not required for listed secondary containment tanks.
The volumetric capacity of the diked area shall be not less than the greatest amount of liquid that can be released from the largest tank within the diked area. The capacity of the diked area enclosing more than one tank shall be calculated by deducting the volume of the tanks other than the largest tank below the height of the dike.
5704.2.10.2 Diked areas containing two or more tanks.
Diked areas containing two or more tanks shall be subdivided in accordance with NFPA 30.
5704.2.10.3 Protection of piping from exposure fires.
Piping shall not pass through adjacent diked areas or impounding basins, unless provided with a sealed sleeve or otherwise protected from exposure to fire.
5704.2.10.4 Combustible materials in diked areas.
Diked areas shall be kept free from combustible materials, drums and barrels.
5704.2.10.5 Equipment, controls and piping in diked areas.
Pumps, manifolds and fire protection equipment or controls shall not be located within diked areas or drainage basins or in a location where such equipment and controls would be endangered by fire in the diked area or drainage basin. Piping above ground shall be minimized and located as close as practical to the shell of the tank in diked areas or drainage basins.
1.Pumps, manifolds and piping integral to the tanks or equipment being served, which is protected by intermediate diking, berms, drainage or fire protection such as water spray, monitors or resistive coating.
2.Fire protection equipment or controls that are appurtenances to the tanks or equipment being protected, such as foam chambers or foam piping and water or foam monitors and hydrants, or hand and wheeled extinguishers.
Underground storage of flammable and combustible liquids in tanks shall comply with Section 5704.2 and Sections 5704.2.11.1 through 5704.2.11.4.2.
1.Tanks shall be located with respect to existing foundations and supports such that the loads carried by the latter cannot be transmitted to the tank.
2.The distance from any part of a tank storing liquids to the nearest wall of a basement, pit, cellar or lot line shall be not less than 3 feet (914 mm).
3.A minimum distance of 1 foot (305 mm), shell to shell, shall be maintained between underground tanks.
Excavation for underground storage tanks shall be made with due care to avoid undermining of foundations of existing structures. Underground tanks shall be set on firm foundations and surrounded with not less than 6 inches (152 mm) of noncorrosive inert material, such as clean sand.
5704.2.11.3 Overfill protection and prevention systems.
Fill pipes shall be equipped with a spill container and an overfill prevention system in accordance with NFPA 30.
Leak prevention for underground tanks shall comply with Sections 5704.2.11.4.1 and 5704.2.11.4.2.
Daily inventory records for underground storage tank systems shall be maintained.
Underground storage tank systems shall be provided with an approved method of leak detection from any component of the system that is designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 30.
Tank testing shall comply with Sections 5704.2.12.1 and 5704.2.12.2.
Prior to being placed into service, tanks shall be tested in accordance with Section 21.5 of NFPA 30.
5704.2.12.2 Testing of underground tanks.
Before being covered or placed in use, tanks and piping connected to underground tanks shall be tested for tightness in the presence of the fire code official. Piping shall be tested in accordance with Section 5703.6.3. The system shall not be covered until it has been approved.
5704.2.13 Abandonment and status of tanks.
Tanks taken out of service shall be removed in accordance with Section 5704.2.14, or safeguarded in accordance with Sections 5704.2.13.1 through 5704.2.13.2.3 and API 1604.
Underground tanks taken out of service shall comply with Sections 5704.2.13.1.1 through 5704.2.13.1.5.
5704.2.13.1.1 Temporarily out of service.
Underground tanks temporarily out of service shall have the fill line, gauge opening, vapor return and pump connection secure against tampering. Vent lines shall remain open and be maintained in accordance with Sections 5704.2.7.3 and 5704.2.7.4.
5704.2.13.1.2 Out of service for 90 days.
1.Flammable or combustible liquids shall be removed from the tank.
2.All piping, including fill line, gauge opening, vapor return and pump connection, shall be capped or plugged and secured from tampering.
3.Vent lines shall remain open and be maintained in accordance with Sections 5704.2.7.3 and 5704.2.7.4.
5704.2.13.1.3 Out of service for one year.
Underground tanks that have been out of service for a period of one year shall be removed from the ground in accordance with Section 5704.2.14 or abandoned in place in accordance with Section 5704.2.13.1.4.
5704.2.13.1.4 Tanks abandoned in place.
1.Flammable and combustible liquids shall be removed from the tank and connected piping.
2.The suction, inlet, gauge, vapor return and vapor lines shall be disconnected.
3.The tank shall be filled completely with an approved inert solid material.
4.Remaining underground piping shall be capped or plugged.
5.A record of tank size, location and date of abandonment shall be retained.
6.All exterior above-grade fill piping shall be permanently removed when tanks are abandoned or removed.
5704.2.13.1.5 Reinstallation of underground tanks.
Tanks that are to be reinstalled for flammable or combustible liquid service shall be in accordance with this chapter, ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (Section VIII), API 12-P, API 1615, UL 58 and UL 1316.
Above-ground tanks taken out of service shall comply with Sections 5704.2.13.2.1 through 5704.2.13.2.3.
5704.2.13.2.1 Temporarily out of service.
Aboveground tanks temporarily out of service shall have all connecting lines isolated from the tank and be secured against tampering.
Exception: In-place fire protection (foam) system lines.
5704.2.13.2.2 Out of service for 90 days.
Aboveground tanks not used for a period of 90 days shall be safeguarded in accordance with Section 5704.2.13.1.2 or removed in accordance with Section 5704.2.14.
1.Tanks and containers connected to oil burners that are not in use during the warm season of the year or are used as a backup heating system to gas.
2.In-place, active fire protection (foam) system lines.
5704.2.13.2.3 Out of service for one year.
Aboveground tanks that have been out of service for a period of one year shall be removed in accordance with Section 5704.2.14.
Exception: Tanks within operating facilities.
5704.2.14 Removal and disposal of tanks.
Removal and disposal of tanks shall comply with Sections 5704.2.14.1 and 5704.2.14.2.
2.Piping at tank openings that is not to be used further shall be disconnected.
3.Piping shall be removed from the ground.
Exception: Piping is allowed to be abandoned in place where the fire code official determines that removal is not practical. Abandoned piping shall be capped and safeguarded as required by the fire code official.
4.Tank openings shall be capped or plugged, leaving a 1/8-inch to 1/4-inch-diameter (3.2 mm to 6.4 mm) opening for pressure equalization.
5.Tanks shall be purged of vapor and inerted prior to removal.
6.All exterior above-grade fill and vent piping shall be permanently removed.
Exception: Piping associated with bulk plants, terminal facilities and refineries.
Tanks shall be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local regulations.
Above-ground tanks, connected piping and ancillary equipment shall be maintained in a safe operating condition. Tanks shall be maintained in accordance with their listings. Damage to above-ground tanks, connected piping or ancillary equipment shall be repaired using materials having equal or greater strength and fire resistance or the equipment shall be replaced or taken out of service.
5704.3 Container and portable tank storage.
Storage of flammable and combustible liquids in closed containers that do not exceed 60 gallons (227 L) in individual capacity and portable tanks that do not exceed 660 gallons (2498 L) in individual capacity, and limited transfers incidental thereto, shall comply with Sections 5704.3.1 through 5704.3.8.5.
5704.3.1 Design, construction and capacity of containers and portable tanks.
The design, construction and capacity of containers for the storage of Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall be in accordance with this section and Section 9.4 of NFPA 30.
Only approved containers and portable tanks shall be used.
Where other sections of this code require that liquid containers be stored in storage cabinets, such cabinets and storage shall be in accordance with Sections 5704.3.2.1 through 5704.3.2.2.
5704.3.2.1 Design and construction of storage cabinets.
Design and construction of liquid storage cabinets shall be in accordance with Sections 5704.3.2.1.1 through 5704.3.2.1.4.
1.Unlisted metal cabinets shall be constructed of steel having a thickness of not less than 0.044 inch (1.12 mm) (18 gage). The cabinet, including the door, shall be double walled with 11/2-inch (38 mm) airspace between the walls. Joints shall be riveted or welded and shall be tight fitting.
2.Unlisted wooden cabinets, including doors, shall be constructed of not less than 1-inch (25 mm) exterior grade plywood. Joints shall be rabbeted and shall be fastened in two directions with wood screws. Door hinges shall be of steel or brass. Cabinets shall be painted with an intumescent-type paint.
Cabinets shall be provided with a conspicuous label in red letters on contrasting background that reads: FLAMMABLE—KEEP FIRE AWAY.
Doors shall be well fitted, self-closing and equipped with a three-point latch.
The bottom of the cabinet shall be liquid tight to a height of not less than 2 inches (51 mm).
The combined total quantity of liquids in a cabinet shall not exceed 120 gallons (454 L).
Storage of flammable and combustible liquids inside buildings in containers and portable tanks shall be in accordance with Sections 5704.3.3.1 through 5704.3.3.10.
1.Liquids in the fuel tanks of motor vehicles, aircraft, boats or portable or stationary engines.
2.The storage of distilled spirits and wines in wooden barrels or casks.
Approved portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with specific sections of this chapter and Section 906.
Materials that will react with water or other liquids to produce a hazard shall not be stored in the same room with flammable and combustible liquids except where stored in accordance with Section 5003.9.8.
5704.3.3.3 Clear means of egress.
Storage of any liquids, including stock for sale, shall not be stored near or be allowed to obstruct physically the route of egress.
5704.3.3.4 Empty containers or portable tank storage.
The storage of empty tanks and containers previously used for the storage of flammable or combustible liquids, unless free from explosive vapors, shall be stored as required for filled containers and portable tanks. Portable tanks and containers, when emptied, shall have the covers or plugs immediately replaced in openings.
Shelving shall be of approved construction, adequately braced and anchored. Seismic requirements shall be in accordance with the International Building Code.
Wood of not less than 1 inch (25 mm) nominal thickness is allowed to be used as shelving, racks, dunnage, scuffboards, floor overlay and similar installations.
Shelves shall be of sufficient depth and provided with a lip or guard to prevent individual containers from being displaced.
Exception: Shelves in storage cabinets or on laboratory furniture specifically designed for such use.
Shelf storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall be maintained in an orderly manner.
Where storage on racks is allowed elsewhere in this code, a minimum 4-foot-wide (1219 mm) aisle shall be provided between adjacent rack sections and any adjacent storage of liquids. Main aisles shall be not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) wide.
5704.3.3.7 Pile or palletized storage.
Solid pile and palletized storage in liquid warehouses shall be arranged so that piles are separated from each other by not less than 4 feet (1219 mm). Aisles shall be provided and arranged so that no container or portable tank is more than 20 feet (6096 mm) from an aisle. Main aisles shall be not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) wide.
Limited quantities of combustible commodities are allowed to be stored in liquid storage areas where the ordinary combustibles, other than those used for packaging the liquids, are separated from the liquids in storage by not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) horizontally, either by open aisles or by open racks, and where protection is provided in accordance with Chapter 9.
Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside an unprotected liquid storage area shall be limited to a maximum pile size of 2,500 square feet (232 m2) and to a maximum storage height of 6 feet (1829 mm). Storage of empty or idle combustible pallets inside a protected liquid storage area shall comply with NFPA 13. Pallet storage shall be separated from liquid storage by aisles that are not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) wide.
Containers in piles shall be stacked in such a manner as to provide stability and to prevent excessive stress on container walls. Portable tanks stored more than one tier high shall be designed to nest securely, without dunnage. Material-handling equipment shall be suitable to handle containers and tanks safely at the upper tier level.
5704.3.4 Quantity limits for storage.
Liquid storage quantity limitations shall comply with Sections 5704.3.4.1 through 5704.3.4.4.
5704.3.4.1 Maximum allowable quantity per control area.
For occupancies other than Group M wholesale and retail sales uses, indoor storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) and shall not exceed the additional limitations set forth in this section.
For Group M occupancy wholesale and retail sales uses, indoor storage of flammable and combustible liquids shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantities per control area indicated in Table 5704.3.4.1.
Storage of hazardous production material flammable and combustible liquids in Group H-5 occupancies shall be in accordance with Chapter 27.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
a. Control areas shall be separated from each other by not less than a 1-hour fire barrier.
1. For uncartoned commodities on shelves 6 feet or less in height where the ceiling height does not exceed 18 feet, quantities are those allowed with a minimum sprinkler design density of Ordinary Hazard Group 2.
2. For cartoned, palletized or racked commodities where storage is 4 feet 6 inches or less in height and where the ceiling height does not exceed 18 feet, quantities are those allowed with a minimum sprinkler design density of 0.21 gallon per minute per square foot over the most remote 1,500-square-foot area.
c. Where wholesale and retail sales or storage areas exceed 50,000 square feet in area, the maximum allowable quantities are allowed to be increased by 2 percent for each 1,000 square feet of area in excess of 50,000 square feet, up to not more than 100 percent of the table amounts. A control area separation is not required. The cumulative amounts, including amounts attained by having an additional control area, shall not exceed 30,000 gallons.
1.Group A occupancies: Quantities in Group A occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, treatment, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
2.Group B occupancies: Quantities in drinking, dining, office and school uses within Group B occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, treatment, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
3.Group E occupancies: Quantities in Group E occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, treatment, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
4.Group F occupancies: Quantities in dining, office, and school uses within Group F occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
5.Group I occupancies: Quantities in Group I occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
6.Group M occupancies: Quantities in dining, office, and school uses within Group M occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1). The maximum allowable quantities for storage in wholesale and retail sales areas shall be in accordance with Section 5704.3.4.1.
7.Group R occupancies: Quantities in Group R occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
8.Group S occupancies: Quantities in dining and office uses within Group S occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
5704.3.4.3 Quantities exceeding limits for control areas.
Quantities exceeding those allowed in control areas set forth in Section 5704.3.4.1 shall be in liquid storage rooms or liquid storage warehouses in accordance with Sections 5704.3.7 and 5704.3.8.
5704.3.4.4 Liquids for maintenance and operation of equipment.
In all occupancies, quantities of flammable and combustible liquids in excess of 10 gallons (38 L) used for maintenance purposes and the operation of equipment shall be stored in liquid storage cabinets in accordance with Section 5704.3.2. Quantities not exceeding 10 gallons (38 L) are allowed to be stored outside of a cabinet where in approved containers located in private garages or other approved locations.
5704.3.5 Storage in control areas.
Storage of flammable and combustible liquids in control areas shall be in accordance with Sections 5704.3.5.1 through 5704.3.5.4.
Class I liquids shall be allowed to be stored in basements in amounts not exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area for use-open systems in Table 5003.1.1(1), provided that automatic suppression and other fire protection are provided in accordance with Chapter 9. Class II and IIIA liquids shall also be allowed to be stored in basements, provided that automatic suppression and other fire protection are provided in accordance with Chapter 9.
Containers having less than a 30-gallon (114 L) capacity that contain Class I or II liquids shall not be stacked more than 3 feet (914.4 mm) or two containers high, whichever is greater, unless stacked on fixed shelving or otherwise satisfactorily secured. Containers of Class I or II liquids having a capacity of 30 gallons (114 L) or more shall not be stored more than one container high. Containers shall be stored in an upright position.
5704.3.5.3 Storage distance from ceilings and roofs.
Piles of containers or portable tanks shall not be stored closer than 3 feet (914 mm) to the nearest beam, chord, girder or other obstruction, and shall be 3 feet (914 mm) below sprinkler deflectors or discharge orifices of water spray or other overhead fire protection system.
In areas that are inaccessible to the public, Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall not be stored in the same pile or rack section as ordinary combustible commodities unless such materials are packaged together as kits.
5704.3.6 Wholesale and retail sales uses.
Flammable and combustible liquids in Group M occupancy wholesale and retail sales uses shall be in accordance with Sections 5704.3.6.1 through 5704.3.6.5, or Sections 10.10.2, 12.3.8, 16.4.1 through 16.4.3, 16.5.1 through 16.5.2.12, Tables 16.5.2.1 through 16.5.2.12, and Figures 16.4.1(a) through 16.14.1(c) of NFPA 30.
Containers for Class I liquids shall be metal.
Exception: In sprinklered buildings, an aggregate quantity of 120 gallons (454 L) of water-miscible Class IB and Class IC liquids is allowed in nonmetallic containers, each having a capacity of 16 ounces (0.473 L) or less.
Containers for Class I liquids shall not exceed a capacity of 5 gallons (19 L).
Exception: Metal containers not exceeding 55 gallons (208 L) are allowed to store up to 240 gallons (908 L) of the maximum allowable quantity per control area of Class IB and IC liquids in a control area. The building shall be equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Table 5704.3.4.1. The containers shall be provided with plastic caps without cap seals and shall be stored upright. Containers shall not be stacked or stored in racks and shall not be located in areas accessible to the public.
5704.3.6.3 Fire protection and storage arrangements.
1.Storage on shelves shall not exceed 6 feet (1829 mm) in height, and shelving shall be metal.
2.Storage on pallets or in piles greater than 4 feet 6 inches (1372 mm) in height, or where the ceiling exceeds 18 feet (5486 mm) in height, shall be protected in accordance with Table 5704.3.6.3(4), and the storage heights and arrangements shall be limited to those specified in Table 5704.3.6.3(2).
3.Storage on racks greater than 4 feet 6 inches (1372 mm) in height, or where the ceiling exceeds 18 feet (5486 mm) in height shall be protected in accordance with Tables 5704.3.6.3(5), 5704.3.6.3(6), and 5704.3.6.3(7) as appropriate, and the storage heights and arrangements shall be limited to those specified in Table 5704.3.6.3(3).
Combustible commodities shall not be stored above flammable and combustible liquids.
a In buildings protected by an automatic sprinkler system, the storage height for containers and portable tanks shall not exceed the maximum storage height permitted for the fire protection scheme set forth in NFPA 30 or the maximum storage height demonstrated in a full-scale fire test, whichever is greater. NFPA 30 criteria and fire test results for metallic containers and portable tanks shall not be applied to nonmetallic containers and portable tanks.
b.In-rack protection shall be in accordance with Table 5704.3.6.3(5), 5704.3.6.3(6) or 5704.3.6.3(7).
a.See Section 5704.3.8.1 for unlimited quantities in liquid storage warehouses.
b.In buildings protected by an automatic sprinkler system, the storage height for containers and portable tanks shall not exceed the maximum storage height permitted for the fire protection scheme set forth in NFPA 30 or the maximum storage height demonstrated in a full-scale fire test, whichever is greater. NFPA 30 criteria and fire test results for metallic containers and portable tanks shall not be applied to nonmetallic containers and portable tanks.
c.These height limitations are allowed to be increased to 10 feet for containers having a capacity of 5 gallons or less.
d.For palletized storage of unsaturated polyester resins (UPR) in relieving-style metal containers with 50 percent or less by weight Class IC or II liquid and no Class IA or IB liquid, height and pile quantity limits shall be permitted to be 10 feet and 15,000 gallons, respectively, provided that such storage is protected by sprinklers in accordance with NFPA 30 and that the UPR storage area is not located in the same containment area or drainage path for other Class I or II liquids.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
a.The design area contemplates the use of Class II standpipe systems. Where Class I standpipe systems are used, the area of application shall be increased by 30 percent without revising density.
b.For storage heights above 4 feet or ceiling heights greater than 18 feet, an approved engineering design shall be provided in accordance with Section 104.7.2.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
b.Using listed or approved extra-large orifices, high-temperature quick-response or standard element sprinklers under a maximum 30-foot ceiling with minimum 7.5-foot aisles.
c.For friction lid cans and other metal containers equipped with plastic nozzles or caps, the density shall be increased to 0.65 gpm per square foot using listed or approved extra-large orifice, high-temperature quick-response sprinklers.
d.Using listed or approved extra-large orifice, high-temperature quick-response or standard element sprinklers under a maximum 18-foot ceiling with minimum 7.5-foot aisles and metal containers.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 pound per square inch = 6.895 kPa, 1 gallon = 3.785 L, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2.
a.The design assumes the use of Class II standpipe systems. Where a Class I standpipe system is used, the area of application shall be increased by 30 percent without revising density.
a.System shall be a closed-head wet system with approved devices for proportioning aqueous film-forming foam.
b.Except as modified herein, in-rack sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 13.
c.The height of storage shall not exceed 25 feet.
d.Hose stream demand includes 11/2-inch inside hose connections, where required.
a.This table shall not apply to racks with solid shelves.
b.Using extra-large orifice sprinklers under a ceiling 30 feet or less in height. Minimum aisle width is 7.5 feet.
Cans, containers and vessels containing flammable liquids or flammable liquid compounds or mixtures offered for sale shall be provided with a warning indicator, painted or printed on the container and stating that the liquid is flammable, and shall be kept away from heat and an open flame.
Where required by fire the code official, aisle and storage plans shall be submitted in accordance with Chapter 50.
Liquid storage rooms shall comply with Sections 5704.3.7.1 through 5704.3.7.5.2.
Quantities of liquids exceeding those set forth in Section 5704.3.4.1 for storage in control areas shall be stored in a liquid storage room complying with this section and constructed and separated as required by the International Building Code.
5704.3.7.2 Quantities and arrangement of storage.
The quantity limits and storage arrangements in liquid storage rooms shall be in accordance with Tables 5704.3.6.3(2) and 5704.3.6.3(3) and Sections 5704.3.7.2.1 through 5704.3.7.2.3.
1.The quantity in that pile or rack shall not exceed the smallest of the maximum quantities for the classes of liquids stored in accordance with Table 5704.3.6.3(2) or 5704.3.6.3(3).
2.The height of storage in that pile or rack shall not exceed the smallest of the maximum heights for the classes of liquids stored in accordance with Table 5704.3.6.3(2) or 5704.3.6.3(3).
Piles shall be separated from each other by not less than 4-foot (1219 mm) aisles. Aisles shall be provided so that all containers are 20 feet (6096 mm) or less from an aisle. Where the storage of liquids is on racks, a minimum 4-foot-wide (1219 mm) aisle shall be provided between adjacent rows of racks and adjacent storage of liquids. Main aisles shall be not less than 8 feet (2438 mm) wide.
Additional aisles shall be provided for access to doors, required windows and ventilation openings, standpipe connections, mechanical equipment and switches. Such aisles shall be not less than 3 feet (914 mm) in width, unless greater widths are required for separation of piles or racks, in which case the greater width shall be provided.
Containers and piles shall be separated by pallets or dunnage to provide stability and to prevent excessive stress to container walls. Portable tanks stored over one tier shall be designed to nest securely without dunnage.
Requirements for portable tank design shall be in accordance with Chapters 9 and 12 of NFPA 30. Shelving, racks, dunnage, scuffboards, floor overlay and similar installations shall be of noncombustible construction or of wood not less than a 1-inch (25 mm) nominal thickness. Adequate material-handling equipment shall be available to handle tanks safely at upper tier levels.
5704.3.7.3 Spill control and secondary containment.
Liquid storage rooms shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with Section 5004.2.
Liquid storage rooms shall be ventilated in accordance with Section 5004.3.
Fire protection for liquid storage rooms shall comply with Sections 5704.3.7.5.1 and 5704.3.7.5.2.
Liquid storage rooms shall be protected by automatic sprinkler systems installed in accordance with Chapter 9 and Tables 5704.3.6.3(4) through 5704.3.6.3(7) and Table 5704.3.7.5.1. In-rack sprinklers shall also comply with NFPA 13.
Automatic foam-water systems and automatic aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) water sprinkler systems shall not be used except where approved.
Protection criteria developed from fire modeling or full-scale fire testing conducted at an approved testing laboratory are allowed in lieu of the protection as shown in Tables 5704.3.6.3(2) through 5704.3.6.3(7) and Table 5704.3.7.5.1 where approved.
For SI: 1 inch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 square foot = 0.0929 m2, 1 gallon per minute = 3.785 L/m, 1 gallon per minute per square foot = 40.75 L/min/m2, °C = [(°F)-32]/1.8.
b.Maximum ceiling height of 30 feet.
c.Hose stream demand includes 11/2-inch inside hose connections, where required.
Not less than one approved portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906 and having a rating of not less than 20-B shall be located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) or more than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from any Class I or II liquid storage area located outside of a liquid storage room.
Not less than one portable fire extinguisher having a rating of not less than 20-B shall be located outside of, but not more than 10 feet (3048 mm) from, the door opening into a liquid storage room.
Buildings used for storage of flammable or combustible liquids in quantities exceeding those set forth in Section 5704.3.4 for control areas and Section 5704.3.7 for liquid storage rooms shall comply with Sections 5704.3.8.1 through 5704.3.8.5 and shall be constructed and separated as required by the International Building Code.
5704.3.8.1 Quantities and storage arrangement.
The total quantities of liquids in a liquid storage warehouse shall not be limited. The arrangement of storage shall be in accordance with Table 5704.3.6.3(2) or 5704.3.6.3(3).
Mixed storage shall be in accordance with Section 5704.3.7.2.1.
Separation and aisles shall be in accordance with Section 5704.3.7.2.2.
5704.3.8.2 Spill control and secondary containment.
Liquid storage warehouses shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment as set forth in Section 5004.2.
0.25 cfm per square foot (0.075 m3/s · m2) of floor area over the storage area.
Liquid storage warehouses shall be protected by automatic sprinkler systems installed in accordance with Chapter 9 and Tables 5704.3.6.3(4) through 5704.3.6.3(7) and Table 5704.3.7.5.1, or Sections 16.4.1 through 16.4.3, 16.5.1 through 16.5.2.12, and Tables 16.5.2.1 through 16.5.2.12 and Figures 16.4.1(a) through 16.4.1(c) of NFPA 30. In-rack sprinklers shall also comply with NFPA 13.
Automatic foam-water systems and automatic AFFF water sprinkler systems shall not be used except where approved.
In liquid storage warehouses, either 11/2-inch (38 mm) lined or 1-inch (25 mm) hard rubber hose lines shall be provided in sufficient number to reach all liquid storage areas and shall be in accordance with Section 903 or 905.
5704.4 Outdoor storage of containers and portable tanks.
Storage of flammable and combustible liquids in closed containers and portable tanks outside of buildings shall be in accordance with Section 5703 and Sections 5704.4.1 through 5704.4.8. Capacity limits for containers and portable tanks shall be in accordance with Section 5704.3.
Storage shall be in accordance with approved plans.
Outdoor storage of liquids in containers and portable tanks shall be in accordance with Table 5704.4.2. Storage of liquids near buildings located on the same lot shall be in accordance with this section.
For SI: 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 gallon 3.785 L.
a.For mixed class storage, see Section 5704.4.2.
b.For storage in racks, the quantity limits per pile do not apply, but the rack arrangement shall be limited to not more than 50 feet in length and two rows or 9 feet in depth.
c.If protection by a public fire department or private fire brigade capable of providing cooling water streams is not available, the distance shall be doubled.
d.When the total quantity stored does not exceed 50 percent of the maximum allowed per pile, the distances are allowed to be reduced 50 percent, but not less than 3 feet.
Where two or more classes of liquids are stored in a single pile, the quantity in the pile shall not exceed the smallest of maximum quantities for the classes of material stored.
Storage of containers or portable tanks shall be provided with fire apparatus access roads in accordance with Chapter 5.
The storage area shall be protected against tampering or trespassers where necessary and shall be kept free from weeds, debris and other combustible materials not necessary to the storage.
5704.4.2.4 Storage adjacent to buildings.
2.The exterior building wall adjacent to the storage area shall have a fire-resistance rating of not less than 2 hours, having no openings to above-grade areas within 10 feet (3048 mm) horizontally of such storage and no openings to below-grade areas within 50 feet (15 240 mm) horizontally of such storage.
The quantity of liquids stored adjacent to a building protected in accordance with Item 2 is allowed to exceed 1,100 gallons (4163 L), provided that the maximum quantity per pile does not exceed 1,100 gallons (4163 L) and each pile is separated by a 10-foot-minimum (3048 mm) clear space along the common wall.
Where the quantity stored exceeds 1,100 gallons (4163 L) adjacent to a building complying with Item 1, or the provisions of Item 1 cannot be met, a minimum distance in accordance with Table 5704.4.2, column 7 (“Minimum Distance to Lot Line of Property That Can Be Built Upon”) shall be maintained between buildings and the nearest container or portable tank.
5704.4.3 Spill control and secondary containment.
Storage areas shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with Section 5703.4.
Exception: Containers stored on approved containment pallets in accordance with Section 5004.2.3 and containers stored in cabinets and lockers with integral spill containment.
Storage areas shall be protected against tampering or trespassers by fencing or other approved control measures.
Guard posts or other means shall be provided to protect exterior storage tanks from vehicular damage. Where guard posts are installed, the posts shall be installed in accordance with Section 312.
The storage area shall be kept free from weeds, debris and combustible materials not necessary to the storage. The area surrounding an exterior storage area shall be kept clear of such materials for a minimum distance of 15 feet (4572 mm).
Weather protection for outdoor storage shall be in accordance with Section 5004.13.
5704.4.8 Empty containers and tank storage.
The storage of empty tanks and containers previously used for the storage of flammable or combustible liquids, unless free from explosive vapors, shall be stored as required for filled containers and tanks. Tanks and containers when emptied shall have the covers or plugs immediately replaced in openings.
Dispensing, use, mixing and handling of flammable liquids shall be in accordance with Section 5703 and this section. Tank vehicle and tank car loading and unloading and other special operations shall be in accordance with Section 5706.
Exception: Containers of organic coatings having no fire point and which are opened for pigmentation are not required to comply with this section.
Liquid transfer equipment and methods for transfer of Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall be approved and be in accordance with Sections 5705.2.1 through 5705.2.6.
Positive-displacement pumps shall be provided with pressure relief discharging back to the tank, pump suction or other approved location, or shall be provided with interlocks to prevent over-pressure.
Where gases are introduced to provide for transfer of Class I liquids, or Class II and III liquids transferred at temperatures at or above their flash points by pressure, only inert gases shall be used. Controls, including pressure relief devices, shall be provided to limit the pressure so that the maximum working pressure of tanks, containers and piping systems cannot be exceeded. Where devices operating through pressure within a tank or container are used, the tank or container shall be a pressure vessel approved for the intended use. Air or oxygen shall not be used for pressurization.
Exception: Air transfer of Class II and III liquids at temperatures below their flash points.
5705.2.3 Piping, hoses and valves.
Piping, hoses and valves used in liquid transfer operations shall be approved or listed for the intended use.
5705.2.4 Class I, II and III liquids.
1.From safety cans complying with UL 30.
2.Through an approved closed piping system.
3.From containers or tanks by an approved pump taking suction through an opening in the top of the container or tank.
4.For Class IB, IC, II and III liquids, from containers or tanks by gravity through an approved self-closing or automatic-closing valve where the container or tank and dispensing operations are provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with Section 5703.4. Class IA liquids shall not be dispensed by gravity from tanks.
5.Approved engineered liquid transfer systems.
Exception: Liquids in original shipping containers not exceeding a 5.3-gallon (20 L) capacity.
5705.2.5 Manual container filling operations.
1.Metallic floor plates on which containers stand while filling, where such floor plates are electrically connected to the fill stem.
2.Where the fill stem is bonded to the container during filling by means of a bond wire.
5705.2.6 Automatic container-filling operations for Class I liquids.
Container-filling operations for Class I liquids involving conveyor belts or other automatic-feeding operations shall be designed to prevent static accumulations.
5705.3 Use, dispensing and mixing inside of buildings.
Indoor use, dispensing and mixing of flammable and combustible liquids shall be in accordance with Section 5705.2 and Sections 5705.3.1 through 5705.3.5.3.
5705.3.1 Closure of mixing or blending vessels.
Vessels used for mixing or blending of Class I liquids and Class II or III liquids heated up to or above their flash points shall be provided with self-closing, tight-fitting, noncombustible lids that will control a fire within such vessel.
Exception: Where such devices are impractical, approved automatic or manually controlled fire-extinguishing devices shall be provided.
Where differences of potential could be created, vessels containing Class I liquids or liquids handled at or above their flash points shall be electrically connected by bond wires, ground cables, piping or similar means to a static grounding system to maintain equipment at the same electrical potential to prevent sparking.
5705.3.3 Heating, lighting and cooking appliances.
Heating, lighting and cooking appliances that utilize Class I liquids shall not be operated within a building or structure.
Exception: Operation in single-family dwellings.
5705.3.4 Location of processing vessels.
Processing vessels shall be located with respect to distances to lot lines of adjoining property that can be built on, in accordance with Tables 5705.3.4(1) and 5705.3.4(2).
Exception: Where the exterior wall facing the adjoining lot line is a blank wall having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 4 hours, the fire code official is authorized to modify the distances. The distance shall be not less than that set forth in the International Building Code, and where Class IA or unstable liquids are involved, explosion control shall be provided in accordance with Section 911.
a.Where protection of exposures by a public fire department or private fire brigade capable of providing cooling water streams on structures is not provided, distances shall be doubled.
5705.3.5 Quantity limits for use.
Liquid use quantity limitations shall comply with Sections 5705.3.5.1 through 5705.3.5.3.
5705.3.5.1 Maximum allowable quantity per control area.
Indoor use, dispensing and mixing of flammable and combustible liquids shall not exceed the maximum allowable quantity per control area indicated in Table 5003.1.1(1) and shall not exceed the additional limitations set forth in Section 5705.3.5.
Exception: Cleaning with Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall be in accordance with Section 5705.3.6.
Use of hazardous production material flammable and combustible liquids in Group H-5 occupancies shall be in accordance with Chapter 27.
Exception: Cleaning with Class I, II, or IIIA liquids shall be in accordance with Section 5705.3.6.
3.Group E occupancies: Quantities in Group E occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, treatment, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
4.Group F occupancies: Quantities in dining, office and school uses within Group F occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
6.Group M occupancies: Quantities in dining, office and school uses within Group M occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment, and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
8.Group S occupancies: Quantities in dining and office uses within Group S occupancies shall not exceed that necessary for demonstration, laboratory work, maintenance purposes and operation of equipment and shall not exceed quantities set forth in Table 5003.1.1(1).
5705.3.5.3 Quantities exceeding limits for control areas.
1.For open systems, indoor use, dispensing and mixing of flammable and combustible liquids shall be within a room or building complying with the International Building Code and Sections 5705.3.7.1 through 5705.3.7.5.
2.For closed systems, indoor use, dispensing and mixing of flammable and combustible liquids shall be within a room or building complying with the International Building Code and Sections 5705.3.7 through 5705.3.7.4 and Section 5705.3.7.6.
5705.3.6 Cleaning with flammable and combustible liquids.
Cleaning with Class I, II and IIIA liquids shall be in accordance with Sections 5705.3.6.1 through 5705.3.6.2.7.
1.Dry cleaning shall be in accordance with Chapter 21.
2.Spray-nozzle cleaning shall be in accordance with Section 2403.3.5.
2.In a parts cleaner listed, labeled and approved for the purpose in accordance with Section 5705.3.6.2.
Exception: Materials used in commercial and industrial process-related cleaning operations in accordance with other provisions of this code and not involving facilities maintenance cleaning operations.
5705.3.6.2 Listed and approved machines.
Parts cleaning and degreasing conducted in listed and approved machines in accordance with Section 5705.3.6.1 shall be in accordance with Sections 5705.3.6.2.1 through 5705.3.6.2.7.
Solvents shall be classified and shall be compatible with the machines within which they are used.
The quantity of solvent shall not exceed the listed design capacity of the machine for the solvent being used with the machine.
1.Machines without remote solvent reservoirs shall be limited to quantities set forth in Section 5705.3.5.
2.Machines with remote solvent reservoirs using Class I liquids shall be limited to quantities set forth in Section 5705.3.5.
3.Machines with remote solvent reservoirs using Class II liquids shall be limited to 35 gallons (132 L) per machine. The total quantities shall not exceed an aggregate of 240 gallons (908 L) per control area in buildings not equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system and an aggregate of 480 gallons (1817 L) per control area in buildings equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1.
4.Machines with remote solvent reservoirs using Class IIIA liquids shall be limited to 80 gallons (303 L) per machine.
5705.3.6.2.4 Immersion soaking of parts.
Work areas of machines with remote solvent reservoirs shall not be used for immersion soaking of parts.
Multiple machines shall be separated from each other by a distance of not less than 30 feet (9144 mm) or by a fire barrier with a minimum 1-hour fire-resistance rating.
Machines shall be located in areas adequately ventilated to prevent accumulation of vapors.
Machines shall be installed in accordance with their listings.
5705.3.7 Rooms or buildings for quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area.
Where required by Section 5705.3.5.3 or 5705.3.6.1, rooms or buildings used for the use, dispensing or mixing of flammable and combustible liquids in quantities exceeding the maximum allowable quantity per control area shall be in accordance with Sections 5705.3.7.1 through 5705.3.7.6.3.
5705.3.7.1 Construction, location and fire protection.
Rooms or buildings classified in accordance with the International Building Code as Group H-2 or H-3 occupancies based on use, dispensing or mixing of flammable or combustible liquids shall be constructed in accordance with the International Building Code.
In rooms or buildings classified in accordance with the International Building Code as Group H-2 or H-3, dispensing or mixing of flammable or combustible liquids shall not be conducted in basements.
Rooms or buildings classified in accordance with the International Building Code as Group H-2 or H-3 occupancies shall be equipped with an approved automatic fire-extinguishing system in accordance with Chapter 9.
Interior doors to rooms or portions of such buildings shall be self-closing fire doors in accordance with the International Building Code.
Use, dispensing and mixing of flammable and combustible liquids in open systems shall be in accordance with Sections 5705.3.7.5.1 through 5705.3.7.5.3.
Continuous mechanical ventilation shall be provided at a rate of not less than 1 cfm per square foot [0.00508 m3/(s · m2)] of floor area over the design area. Provisions shall be made for introduction of makeup air in such a manner to include all floor areas or pits where vapors can collect. Local or spot ventilation shall be provided where needed to prevent the accumulation of hazardous vapors. Ventilation system design shall comply with the International Building Code and International Mechanical Code.
Explosion control shall be provided in accordance with Section 911.
5705.3.7.5.3 Spill control and secondary containment.
Spill control shall be provided in accordance with Section 5703.4 where Class I, II or IIIA liquids are dispensed into containers exceeding a 1.3-gallon (5 L) capacity or mixed or used in open containers or systems exceeding a 5.3-gallon (20 L) capacity. Spill control and secondary containment shall be provided in accordance with Section 5703.4 where the capacity of an individual container exceeds 55 gallons (208 L) or the aggregate capacity of multiple containers or tanks exceeds 100 gallons (378.5 L).
Use or mixing of flammable or combustible liquids in closed systems shall be in accordance with Sections 5705.3.7.6.1 through 5705.3.7.6.3.
Closed systems designed to be opened as part of normal operations shall be provided with ventilation in accordance with Section 5705.3.7.5.1.
Explosion control shall be provided where an explosive environment can occur as a result of the mixing or use process. Explosion control shall be designed in accordance with Section 911.
Exception: Where process vessels are designed to contain fully the worst-case explosion anticipated within the vessel under process conditions considering the most likely failure.
5705.3.7.6.3 Spill control and secondary containment.
Spill control shall be provided in accordance with Section 5703.4 where flammable or combustible liquids are dispensed into containers exceeding a 1.3-gallon (5 L) capacity or mixed or used in open containers or systems exceeding a 5.3-gallon (20 L) capacity. Spill control and secondary containment shall be provided in accordance with Section 5703.4 where the capacity of an individual container exceeds 55 gallons (208 L) or the aggregate capacity of multiple containers or tanks exceeds 1,000 gallons (3785 L).
5705.3.8 Use, dispensing and handling outside of buildings.
Outside use, dispensing and handling shall be in accordance with Sections 5705.3.8.1 through 5705.3.8.4.
Dispensing of liquids into motor vehicle fuel tanks at motor fuel-dispensing facilities shall be in accordance with Chapter 23.
Outside use, dispensing and handling areas shall be provided with spill control as set forth in Section 5703.4.
Dispensing activities that exceed the quantities set forth in Table 5705.3.8.2 shall not be conducted within 15 feet (4572 mm) of buildings or combustible materials or within 25 feet (7620 mm) of building openings, lot lines, public streets, public alleys or public ways. Dispensing activities that exceed the quantities set forth in Table 5705.3.8.2 shall not be conducted within 15 feet (4572 mm) of storage of Class I, II or III liquids unless such liquids are stored in tanks that are listed and labeled as 2-hour protected tank assemblies in accordance with UL 2085.
1.The requirements shall not apply to areas where only the following are dispensed: Class III liquids; liquids that are heavier than water; water-miscible liquids; and liquids with viscosities greater than 10,000 centipoise (cp) (10 Pa • s).
2.Flammable and combustible liquid dispensing in refineries, chemical plants, process facilities, gas and crude oil production facilities and oil-blending and packaging facilities, terminals and bulk plants.
a.For definition of “Outdoor Control Area,” see Section 5002.1.
b.The fire code official is authorized to impose special conditions regarding locations, types of containers, dispensing units, fire control measures and other factors involving fire safety.
c.Containing not more than the maximum allowable quantity per control area of each individual class.
5705.3.8.3 Location of processing vessels.
Processing vessels shall be located with respect to distances to lot lines that can be built on in accordance with Table 5705.3.4(1).
Exception: In refineries and distilleries.
Weather protection for outdoor use shall be in accordance with Section 5005.3.9.
Solvent distillation units shall comply with Sections 5705.4.1 through 5705.4.9.
5705.4.1 Unit with a capacity of 60 gallons or less.
Solvent distillation units used to recycle Class I, II or IIIA liquids having a distillation chamber capacity of 60 gallons (227 L) or less shall be listed, labeled and installed in accordance with Section 5705.4 and UL 2208.
1.Solvent distillation units used in continuous through-put industrial processes where the source of heat is remotely supplied using steam, hot water, oil or other heat transfer fluids, the temperature of which is below the auto-ignition point of the solvent.
2.Approved research, testing and experimental processes.
5705.4.2 Units with a capacity exceeding 60 gallons.
Solvent distillation units used to recycle Class I, II or IIIA liquids, having a distillation chamber capacity exceeding 60 gallons (227 L) shall be used in locations that comply with the use and mixing requirements of Section 5705 and other applicable provisions in this chapter.
Class I, II and IIIA liquids that are also classified as unstable (reactive) shall not be processed in solvent distillation units.
Exception: Appliances listed for the distillation of unstable (reactive) solvents.
A permanent label shall be affixed to the unit by the manufacturer. The label shall indicate the capacity of the distillation chamber, and the distance the unit shall be placed away from sources of ignition. The label shall indicate the products for which the unit has been listed for use or refer to the instruction manual for a list of the products.
An instruction manual shall be provided. The manual shall be readily available for the user and the fire code official. The manual shall include installation, use and servicing instructions. It shall identify the liquids for which the unit has been listed for distillation purposes along with each liquid’s flash point and auto-ignition temperature. For units with adjustable controls, the manual shall include directions for setting the heater temperature for each liquid to be instilled.
Solvent distillation units shall be used in locations in accordance with the listing. Solvent distillation units shall not be used in basements.
Distilled liquids and liquids awaiting distillation shall be stored in accordance with Section 5704.
Hazardous residue from the distillation process shall be stored in accordance with Section 5704 and Chapter 50.
Approved portable fire extinguishers shall be provided in accordance with Section 906. Not less than one portable fire extinguisher having a rating of not less than 40-B shall be located not less than 10 feet (3048 mm) or more than 30 feet (9144 mm) from any solvent distillation unit.
5705.5 Alcohol-based hand rubs classified as Class I or II liquids.
1.The maximum capacity of each dispenser shall be 68 ounces (2 L).
2.The minimum separation between dispensers shall be 48 inches (1219 mm).
3.The dispensers shall not be installed above, below, or closer than 1 inch (25 mm) to an electrical receptacle, switch, appliance, device or other ignition source. The wall space between the dispenser and the floor or intervening counter top shall be free of electrical receptacles, switches, appliances, devices or other ignition sources.
4.Dispensers shall be mounted so that the bottom of the dispenser is not less than 42 inches (1067 mm) and not more than 48 inches (1219 mm) above the finished floor.
5.1.The facility or persons responsible for the dispensers shall test the dispensers each time a new refill is installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s care and use instructions.
5.2.1. Any activations of the dispenser shall only occur when an object is placed within 4 inches (98 mm) of the sensing device.
5.2.2. The dispenser shall not dispense more than the amount required for hand hygiene consistent with label instructions as regulated by the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA).
5.2.3. An object placed within the activation zone and left in place will cause only one activation.
6.Storage and use of alcohol-based hand rubs shall be in accordance with the applicable provisions of Sections 5704 and 5705.
7.Dispensers installed in occupancies with carpeted floors shall only be allowed in smoke compartments or fire areas equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1 or 903.3.1.2.
1.Level 2 and 3 aerosol containers shall not be allowed in corridors.
2.The maximum capacity of each Class I or II liquid dispenser shall be 41 ounces (1.21 L) and the maximum capacity of each Level 1 aerosol dispenser shall be 18 ounces (0.51 kg).
3.The maximum quantity allowed in a corridor within a control area shall be 10 gallons (37.85 L) of Class I or II liquids or 1135 ounces (32.2 kg) of Level 1 aerosols, or a combination of Class I or II liquids and Level 1 aerosols not to exceed, in total, the equivalent of 10 gallons (37.85 L) or 1,135 ounces (32.2 kg) such that the sum of the ratios of the liquid and aerosol quantities divided by the allowable quantity of liquids and aerosols, respectively, shall not exceed one.
4.The minimum corridor width shall be 72 inches (1829 mm).
5.Projections into a corridor shall be in accordance with Section 1003.3.3.
This section shall cover the provisions for special operations that include, but are not limited to, storage, use, dispensing, mixing or handling of flammable and combustible liquids. The following special operations shall be in accordance with Sections 5701, 5703, 5704 and 5705, except as provided in Section 5706.
1.Storage and dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids on farms and construction sites.
4.Bulk transfer and process transfer operations utilizing tank vehicles and tank cars.
5.Tank vehicles and tank vehicle operation.
7.Vapor recovery and vapor-processing systems.
5706.2 Storage and dispensing of flammable and combustible liquids on farms and construction sites.
Permanent and temporary storage and dispensing of Class I and II liquids for private use on farms and rural areas and at construction sites, earth-moving projects, gravel pits or borrow pits shall be in accordance with Sections 5706.2.1 through 5706.2.8.1.
Exception: Storage and use of fuel oil and containers connected with oil-burning equipment regulated by Section 603 and the International Mechanical Code.
5706.2.1 Combustibles and open flames near tanks.
Storage areas shall be kept free from weeds and extraneous combustible material. Open flames and smoking are prohibited in flammable or combustible liquid storage areas.
5706.2.2 Marking of tanks and containers.
Tanks and containers for the storage of liquids above ground shall be conspicuously marked with the name of the product that they contain and the words: FLAMMABLE—KEEP FIRE AND FLAME AWAY. Tanks shall bear the additional marking: KEEP 50 FEET FROM BUILDINGS.
5706.2.3 Containers for storage and use.
Metal containers used for storage of Class I or II liquids shall be in accordance with DOTn requirements or shall be of an approved design.
Discharge devices shall be of a type that do not develop an internal pressure on the container. Pumping devices or approved self-closing faucets used for dispensing liquids shall not leak and shall be well-maintained. Individual containers shall not be interconnected and shall be kept closed when not in use.
Containers stored outside of buildings shall be in accordance with Section 5704 and the International Building Code.
5706.2.4 Permanent and temporary tanks.
The capacity of permanent above-ground tanks containing Class I or II liquids shall not exceed 1,100 gallons (4164 L). The capacity of temporary above-ground tanks containing Class I or II liquids shall not exceed 10,000 gallons (37 854 L). Tanks shall be of the single-compartment design.
Exception: Permanent above-ground tanks of greater capacity that meet the requirements of Section 5704.2.
Fill openings shall be equipped with a locking closure device. Fill openings shall be separate from vent openings.
Tanks shall be provided with a method of normal and emergency venting. Normal vents shall be in accordance with Section 5704.2.7.3.
Emergency vents shall be in accordance with Section 5704.2.7.4. Emergency vents shall be arranged to discharge in a manner that prevents localized overheating or flame impingement on any part of the tank in the event that vapors from such vents are ignited.
Tanks containing Class I or II liquids shall be kept outside and not less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from buildings and combustible storage. Additional distance shall be provided where necessary to ensure that vehicles, equipment and containers being filled directly from such tanks will not be less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from structures, haystacks or other combustible storage.
5706.2.4.4 Locations where above-ground tanks are prohibited.
The storage of Class I and II liquids in above-ground tanks is prohibited within the limits established by law as the limits of districts in which such storage is prohibited (see Section 3 of the Sample Legislation for Adoption of the International Fire Code on page xxi).
Tanks shall be provided with top openings only or shall be elevated for gravity discharge.
5706.2.5.1 Tanks with top openings only.
1.On well-constructed metal legs connected to shoes or runners designed so that the tank is stabilized and the entire tank and its supports can be moved as a unit.
2.For stationary tanks, on a stable base of timbers or blocks approximately 6 inches (152 mm) in height that prevents the tank from contacting the ground.
Tanks with top openings only shall be equipped with a tightly and permanently attached, approved pumping device having an approved hose of sufficient length for filling vehicles, equipment or containers to be served from the tank. Either the pump or the hose shall be equipped with a padlock to its hanger to prevent tampering. An effective antisiphoning device shall be included in the pump discharge unless a self-closing nozzle is provided. Siphons or internal pressure discharge devices shall not be used.
5706.2.5.2 Tanks for gravity discharge.
1.Supports to elevate the tank for gravity discharge shall be designed to carry all required loads and provide stability.
2.Bottom or end openings for gravity discharge shall be equipped with a valve located adjacent to the tank shell that will close automatically in the event of fire through the operation of an effective heat-activated releasing device. Where this valve cannot be operated manually, it shall be supplemented by a second, manually operated valve.
The gravity discharge outlet shall be provided with an approved hose equipped with a self-closing valve at the discharge end of a type that can be padlocked to its hanger.
5706.2.6 Spill control drainage control and diking.
Indoor storage and dispensing areas shall be provided with spill control and drainage control as set forth in Section 5703.4. Outdoor storage areas shall be provided with drainage control or diking as set forth in Section 5704.2.10.
Portable fire extinguishers with a minimum rating of 20-B:C and complying with Section 906 shall be provided where required by the fire code official.
5706.2.8 Dispensing from tank vehicles.
1.The tank vehicle’s specific function is that of supplying fuel to motor vehicle fuel tanks.
2.The dispensing hose does not exceed 100 feet (30 480 mm) in length.
3.The dispensing nozzle is an approved type.
4.The dispensing hose is properly placed on an approved reel or in a compartment provided before the tank vehicle is moved.
5.Signs prohibiting smoking or open flames within 25 feet (7620 mm) of the vehicle or the point of refueling are prominently posted on the tank vehicle.
6.Electrical devices and wiring in areas where fuel dispensing is conducted are in accordance with NFPA 70.
7.Tank vehicle-dispensing equipment is operated only by designated personnel who are trained to handle and dispense motor fuels.
8.Provisions are made for controlling and mitigating unauthorized discharges.
Dispensing from tank vehicles shall be conducted not less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from structures or combustible storage.
5706.3 Well drilling and operating.
Wells for oil and natural gas shall be drilled and operated in accordance with Sections 5706.3.1 through 5706.3.8.
The location of wells shall comply with Sections 5706.3.1.1 through 5706.3.1.3.2.
5706.3.1.1 Storage tanks and sources of ignition.
Storage tanks or boilers, fired heaters, open-flame devices or other sources of ignition shall not be located within 25 feet (7620 mm) of well heads. Smoking is prohibited at wells or tank locations except as designated and in approved posted areas.
Exception: Engines used in the drilling, production and serving of wells.
Wells shall not be drilled within 75 feet (22 860 mm) of any dedicated public street, highway or nearest rail of an operating railway.
Wells shall not be drilled within 100 feet (30 480 mm) of buildings not necessary to the operation of the well.
5706.3.1.3.1 Group A, E or I buildings.
Wells shall not be drilled within 300 feet (91 440 mm) of buildings with an occupancy in Group A, E or I.
Where wells are existing, buildings shall not be constructed within the distances set forth in Section 5706.3.1 for separation of wells or buildings.
Control of waste materials associated with wells shall comply with Sections 5706.3.2.1 and 5706.3.2.2.
5706.3.2.1 Discharge on a street or water channel.
Liquids containing crude petroleum or its products shall not be discharged into or on streets, highways, drainage canals or ditches, storm drains or flood control channels.
5706.3.2.2 Discharge and combustible materials on ground.
The surface of the ground under, around or near wells, pumps, boilers, oil storage tanks or buildings shall be kept free from oil, waste oil, refuse or waste material.
Sumps associated with wells shall comply with Sections 5706.3.3.1 through 5706.3.3.3.
Sumps or other basins for the retention of oil or petroleum products shall not exceed 12 feet (3658 mm) in width.
Sumps or other basins for the retention of oil or petroleum products larger than 6 feet by 6 feet by 6 feet (1829 mm by 1829 mm by 1829 mm) shall not be maintained longer than 60 days after the cessation of drilling operations.
Sumps, diversion ditches and depressions used as sumps shall be securely fenced or covered.
Protection shall be provided to control and prevent the blowout of a well. Protection equipment shall meet federal, state and other applicable jurisdiction requirements.
Storage of flammable or combustible liquids in tanks shall be in accordance with Section 5704. Oil storage tanks or groups of tanks shall have posted in a conspicuous place, on or near such tank or tanks, an approved sign with the name of the owner or operator, or the lease number and the telephone number where a responsible person can be reached at any time.
Where soundproofing material is required during oil field operations, such material shall be noncombustible.
Well locations shall have posted in a conspicuous place on or near such tank or tanks an approved sign with the name of the owner or operator, name of the leasee or the lease number, the well number and the telephone number where a responsible person can be reached at any time. Such signs shall be maintained on the premises from the time materials are delivered for drilling purposes until the well is abandoned.
Field-loading racks shall be in accordance with Section 5706.5.
5706.4 Bulk plants or terminals.
Portions of properties where flammable and combustible liquids are received by tank vessels, pipelines, tank cars or tank vehicles and stored or blended in bulk for the purpose of distribution by tank vessels, pipelines, tanks cars, tank vehicles or containers shall be in accordance with Sections 5706.4.1 through 5706.4.10.4.
Buildings shall be constructed in accordance with the International Building Code.
Rooms in which liquids are stored, used or transferred by pumps shall have means of egress arranged to prevent occupants from being trapped in the event of fire.
Rooms in which Class I liquids are stored or used shall be heated only by means not constituting a source of ignition, such as steam or hot water. Rooms containing heating appliances involving sources of ignition shall be located and arranged to prevent entry of flammable vapors.
Ventilation shall be provided for rooms, buildings and enclosures in which Class I liquids are pumped, used or transferred. Design of ventilation systems shall consider the relatively high specific gravity of the vapors. Where natural ventilation is used, adequate openings in outside walls at floor level, unobstructed except by louvers or coarse screens, shall be provided. Where natural ventilation is inadequate, mechanical ventilation shall be provided in accordance with the International Mechanical Code.
5706.4.4.2 Dispensing of Class I liquids.
Storage of Class I, II and IIIA liquids in bulk plants shall be in accordance with the applicable provisions of Section 5704.
5706.4.6 Overfill protection of Class I and II liquids.
Manual and automatic systems shall be provided to prevent overfill during the transfer of Class I and II liquids from mainline pipelines and marine vessels in accordance with API 2350.
This section shall apply to all wharves, piers, bulkheads and other structures over or contiguous to navigable water having a primary function of transferring liquid cargo in bulk between shore installations and tank vessels, ships, barges, lighter boats or other mobile floating craft.
Exception: Marine motor fuel-dispensing facilities in accordance with Chapter 23.
Handling packaged cargo of liquids, including full and empty drums, bulk fuel and stores, over a wharf during cargo transfer shall be subject to the approval of the wharf supervisor and the senior deck officer on duty.
Wharves at which liquid cargoes are to be transferred in bulk quantities to or from tank vessels shall be not less than 100 feet (30 480 mm) from any bridge over a navigable waterway; or from an entrance to, or superstructure of, any vehicular or railroad tunnel under a waterway. The termination of the fixed piping used for loading or unloading at a wharf shall be not less than 200 feet (60 960 mm) from a bridge or from an entrance to, or superstructures of, a tunnel.
5706.4.7.3 Superstructure and decking material.
Superstructure and decking shall be designed for the intended use. Decking shall be constructed of materials that will afford the desired combination of flexibility, resistance to shock, durability, strength and fire resistance.
Tanks used exclusively for ballast water or Class II or III liquids are allowed to be installed on suitably designed wharves.
Loading pumps capable of building up pressures in excess of the safe working pressure of cargo hose or loading arms shall be provided with bypasses, relief valves or other arrangements to protect the loading facilities against excessive pressure. Relief devices shall be tested not less than annually to determine that they function satisfactorily at their set pressure.
5706.4.7.6 Piping, valves and fittings.
1.Flexibility of piping shall be ensured by appropriate layout and arrangement of piping supports so that motion of the wharf structure resulting from wave action, currents, tides or the mooring of vessels will not subject the pipe to repeated excessive strain.
2.Pipe joints that depend on the friction characteristics of combustible materials or on the grooving of pipe ends for mechanical continuity of piping shall not be used.
3.Swivel joints are allowed in piping to which hoses are connected and for articulated, swivel-joint transfer systems, provided the design is such that the mechanical strength of the joint will not be impaired if the packing materials fail such as by exposure to fire.
4.Each line conveying Class I or II liquids leading to a wharf shall be provided with a readily accessible block valve located on shore near the approach to the wharf and outside of any diked area. Where more than one line is involved, the valves shall be grouped in one location.
5.Means shall be provided for easy access to cargo line valves located below the wharf deck.
6.Piping systems shall contain a sufficient number of valves to operate the system properly and to control the flow of liquid in normal operation and in the event of physical damage.
7.Piping on wharves shall be bonded and grounded where Class I and II liquids are transported. Where excessive stray currents are encountered, insulating joints shall be installed. Bonding and grounding connections on piping shall be located on the wharf side of hose riser insulating flanges, where used, and shall be accessible for inspection.
8.Hose or articulated swivel-joint pipe connections used for cargo transfer shall be capable of accommodating the combined effects of change in draft and maximum tidal range, and mooring lines shall be kept adjusted to prevent surge of the vessel from placing stress on the cargo transfer system.
9.Hoses shall be supported to avoid kinking and damage from chafing.
Loading or discharging shall not commence until the wharf superintendent and officer in charge of the tank vessel agree that the tank vessel is properly moored and connections are properly made.
Mechanical work shall not be performed on the wharf during cargo transfer, except under special authorization by the fire code official based on a review of the area involved, methods to be employed and precautions necessary.
Class I, II or IIIA liquids shall not be used, drawn or dispensed where flammable vapors can reach a source of ignition. Smoking shall be prohibited except in designated locations. “No Smoking” signs complying with Section 310 shall be conspicuously posted where a hazard from flammable vapors is normally present.
Loading and unloading areas shall be provided with drainage control in accordance with Section 5704.2.10.
Fire protection shall be in accordance with Chapter 9 and Sections 5706.4.10.1 through 5706.4.10.4.
Portable fire extinguishers with a rating of not less than 20-B and complying with Section 906 shall be located within 75 feet (22 860 mm) of hose connections, pumps and separator tanks.
Where piped water is available, ready-connected fire hose in a size appropriate for the water supply shall be provided in accordance with Section 905 so that manifolds where connections are made and broken can be reached by not less than one hose stream.
Material shall not be placed on wharves in such a manner that would obstruct access to fire-fighting equipment or important pipeline control valves.
Where the wharf is accessible to vehicular traffic, an unobstructed fire apparatus access road to the shore end of the wharf shall be maintained in accordance with Chapter 5.
5706.5 Bulk transfer and process transfer operations.
Bulk transfer and process transfer operations shall be approved and be in accordance with Sections 5706.5.1 through 5706.5.4.5. Motor fuel-dispensing facilities shall comply with Chapter 23.
The provisions of Sections 5706.5.1.1 through 5706.5.1.18 shall apply to bulk transfer and process transfer operations; Sections 5706.5.2 and 5706.5.2.1 shall apply to bulk transfer operations; Sections 5706.5.3 through 5706.5.3.3 shall apply to process transfer operations and Sections 5706.5.4 through 5706.5.4.5 shall apply to dispensing from tank vehicles and tank cars.
Bulk transfer and process transfer operations shall be conducted in approved locations. Tank cars shall be unloaded only on private sidings or railroad-siding facilities equipped for transferring flammable or combustible liquids. Tank vehicle and tank car transfer facilities shall be separated from buildings, above-ground tanks, combustible materials, lot lines, public streets, public alleys or public ways by a distance of 25 feet (7620 mm) for Class I liquids and 15 feet (4572 mm) for Class II and III liquids measured from the nearest position of any loading or unloading valve. Buildings for pumps or shelters for personnel shall be considered part of the transfer facility.
Where weather protection canopies are provided, they shall be constructed in accordance with Section 5004.13. Weather protection canopies shall not be located within 15 feet (4572 mm) of a building or combustible material or within 25 feet (7620 mm) of building openings, lot lines, public streets, public alleys or public ways.
Ventilation shall be provided to prevent accumulation of vapors in accordance with Section 5705.3.7.5.1.
Sources of ignition shall be controlled or eliminated in accordance with Section 5003.7.
5706.5.1.5 Spill control and secondary containment.
Areas where transfer operations are located shall be provided with spill control and secondary containment in accordance with Section 5703.4. The spill control and secondary containment system shall have a design capacity capable of containing the capacity of the largest tank compartment located in the area where transfer operations are conducted. Containment of the rainfall volume specified in Section 5004.2.2.6 is not required.
Fire protection shall be in accordance with Section 5703.2.
Static protection shall be provided to prevent the accumulation of static charges during transfer operations. Bonding facilities shall be provided during the transfer through open domes where Class I liquids are transferred, or where Class II and III liquids are transferred into tank vehicles or tank cars that could contain vapors from previous cargoes of Class I liquids.
Protection shall consist of a metallic bond wire permanently electrically connected to the fill stem. The fill pipe assembly shall form a continuous electrically conductive path downstream from the point of bonding. The free end of such bond wire shall be provided with a clamp or equivalent device for convenient attachment to a metallic part in electrical contact with the cargo tank of the tank vehicle or tank car. For tank vehicles, protection shall consist of a flexible bond wire of adequate strength for the intended service and the electrical resistance shall not exceed 1 megohm. For tank cars, bonding shall be provided where the resistance of a tank car to ground through the rails is 25 ohms or greater.
Such bonding connection shall be fastened to the vehicle, car or tank before dome covers are raised and shall remain in place until filling is complete and all dome covers have been closed and secured.
1.Where vehicles and cars are loaded exclusively with products not having a static-accumulating tendency, such as asphalt, cutback asphalt, most crude oils, residual oils and water-miscible liquids.
2.Where Class I liquids are not handled at the transfer facility and the tank vehicles are used exclusively for Class II and III liquids.
3.Where vehicles and cars are loaded or unloaded through closed top or bottom connections whether the hose is conductive or nonconductive.
Filling through open domes into the tanks of tank vehicles or tank cars that contain vapor-air mixtures within the flammable range, or where the liquid being filled can form such a mixture, shall be by means of a downspout which extends to near the bottom of the tank.
Tank car loading facilities where Class I, II or IIIA liquids are transferred through open domes shall be protected against stray currents by permanently bonding the pipe to not less than one rail and to the transfer apparatus. Multiple pipes entering the transfer areas shall be permanently electrically bonded together. In areas where excessive stray currents are known to exist, all pipes entering the transfer area shall be provided with insulating sections to isolate electrically the transfer apparatus from the pipelines.
When top loading a tank vehicle with Class I and II liquids without vapor control, valves used for the final control of flow shall be of the self-closing type and shall be manually held open except where automatic means are provided for shutting off the flow when the tank is full. Where used, automatic shutoff systems shall be provided with a manual shutoff valve located at a safe distance from the loading nozzle to stop the flow if the automatic system fails.
When top loading a tank vehicle with vapor control, flow control shall be in accordance with Section 5706.5.1.10. Self-closing valves shall not be tied or locked in the open position.
When bottom loading a tank vehicle or tank car with or without vapor control, a positive means shall be provided for loading a predetermined quantity of liquid, together with an automatic secondary shutoff control to prevent overfill. The connecting components between the transfer equipment and the tank vehicle or tank car required to operate the secondary control shall be functionally compatible.
When bottom loading a tank vehicle, the coupling between the liquid loading hose or pipe and the truck piping shall be a dry disconnect coupling.
When bottom loading a tank vehicle or tank car that is equipped for vapor control and vapor control is not used, the tank shall be vented to the atmosphere to prevent pressurization of the tank. Such venting shall be at a height equal to or greater than the top of the cargo tank.
Connections to the plant vapor control system shall be designed to prevent the escape of vapor to the atmosphere when not connected to a tank vehicle or tank car.
Vapor-processing equipment shall be separated from above-ground tanks, warehouses, other plant buildings, transfer facilities or nearest lot line of adjoining property that can be built on by a distance of not less than 25 feet (7620 mm). Vapor-processing equipment shall be protected from physical damage by remote location, guard rails, curbs or fencing.
Tank vehicles or tank cars that have previously contained Class I liquids shall not be loaded with Class II or III liquids until such vehicles and all piping, pumps, hoses and meters connected thereto have been completely drained and flushed.
Where provided, loading racks, stairways or platforms shall be constructed of noncombustible materials. Buildings for pumps or for shelter of loading personnel are allowed to be part of the loading rack. Wiring and electrical equipment located within 25 feet (7620 mm) of any portion of the loading rack shall be in accordance with Section 5703.1.1.
Bulk and process transfer apparatus shall be of an approved type.
Tank vehicles and tank cars shall not be located inside a building while transferring Class I, II or IIIA liquids, unless approved by the fire code official.
Exception: Tank vehicles are allowed under weather protection canopies and canopies of automobile motor vehicle fuel-dispensing stations.
5706.5.1.15 Tank vehicle and tank car certification.
Certification shall be maintained for tank vehicles and tank cars in accordance with DOTn 49 CFR Parts 100-185.
5706.5.1.16 Tank vehicle and tank car stability.
Tank vehicles and tank cars shall be stabilized against movement during loading and unloading in accordance with Sections 5706.5.1.16.1 through 5706.5.1.16.3.
When the vehicle is parked for loading or unloading, the cargo trailer portion of the tank vehicle shall be secured in a manner that will prevent unintentional movement.
Not less than two chock blocks not less than 5 inches by 5 inches by 12 inches (127 mm by 127 mm by 305 mm) in size and dished to fit the contour of the tires shall be used during transfer operations of tank vehicles.
Brakes shall be set and the wheels shall be blocked to prevent rolling.
Transfer operations shall be monitored by an approved monitoring system or by an attendant. Where monitoring is by an attendant, the operator or other competent person shall be present at all times.
Transfer operations shall be surrounded by a noncombustible fence not less than 5 feet (1524 mm) in height. Tank vehicles and tank cars shall not be loaded or unloaded unless such vehicles are entirely within the fenced area.
1.Motor fuel-dispensing facilities complying with Chapter 23.
2.Installations where adequate public safety exists because of isolation, natural barriers or other factors as determined appropriate by the fire code official.
3.Facilities or properties that are entirely enclosed or protected from entry.
Bulk transfer shall be in accordance with Sections 5706.5.1 and 5706.5.2.1.
Motors of tank vehicles or tank cars shall be shut off during the making and breaking of hose connections and during the unloading operation.
Exception: Where unloading is performed with a pump deriving its power from the tank vehicle motor.
Process transfer shall be in accordance with Section 5706.5.1 and Sections 5706.5.3.1 through 5706.5.3.3.
5706.5.3.1 Piping, valves, hoses and fittings.
Piping, valves, hoses and fittings that are not a part of the tank vehicle or tank car shall be in accordance with Section 5703.6. Caps or plugs that prevent leakage or spillage shall be provided at all points of connection to transfer piping.
Approved automatically or manually activated shutoff valves shall be provided where the transfer hose connects to the process piping, and on both sides of any exterior fire-resistance-rated wall through which the piping passes. Manual shutoff valves shall be arranged so that they are accessible from grade. Valves shall not be locked in the open position.
Hydrostatic pressure-limiting or relief devices shall be provided where pressure buildup in trapped sections of the system could exceed the design pressure of the components of the system.
Devices shall relieve to other portions of the system or to another approved location.
Antisiphon valves shall be provided where the system design would allow siphonage.
Normal and emergency vents shall be maintained operable at all times.
Exception: When unloading is performed with a pump deriving its power from the tank vehicle motor.
5706.5.4 Dispensing from tank vehicles and tank cars.
Dispensing from tank vehicles and tank cars into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles shall be prohibited unless allowed by and conducted in accordance with Sections 5706.5.4.1 through 5706.5.4.5.
5706.5.4.1 Marine craft and special equipment.
1.The tank vehicle’s specific function is that of supplying fuel to fuel tanks.
2.The operation is not performed where the public has access or where there is unusual exposure to life and property.
3.The dispensing line does not exceed 50 feet (15 240 mm) in length.
4.The dispensing nozzle is approved.
Where approved by the fire code official, dispensing of motor vehicle fuel from tank vehicles into the fuel tanks of motor vehicles is allowed during emergencies. Dispensing from tank vehicles shall be in accordance with Sections 5706.2.8 and 5706.6.
Transfer of liquids from tank vehicles to the fuel tanks of aircraft shall be in accordance with Chapter 20.
5706.5.4.4 Fueling of vehicles at farms, construction sites and similar areas.
Transfer of liquid from tank vehicles to motor vehicles for private use on farms and rural areas and at construction sites, earth-moving projects, gravel pits and borrow pits is allowed in accordance with Section 5706.2.8.
5706.5.4.5 Commercial, industrial, governmental or manufacturing.
1.Dispensing shall occur only at sites that have been issued a permit to conduct mobile fueling.
2.The owner of a mobile fueling operation shall provide to the jurisdiction a written response plan which demonstrates readiness to respond to a fuel spill and carry out appropriate mitigation measures, and describes the process to dispose properly of contaminated materials.
3.A detailed site plan shall be submitted with each application for a permit. The site plan shall indicate: all buildings, structures and appurtenances on site and their use or function; all uses adjacent to the lot lines of the site; the locations of all storm drain openings, adjacent waterways or wetlands; information regarding slope, natural drainage, curbing, impounding and how a spill will be retained upon the site property; and the scale of the site plan.
Provisions shall be made to prevent liquids spilled during dispensing operations from flowing into buildings or off-site. Acceptable methods include, but shall not be limited to, grading driveways, raising doorsills or other approved means.
4.The fire code official is allowed to impose limits on the times and days during which mobile fueling operations is allowed to take place, and specific locations on a site where fueling is permitted.
5.Mobile fueling operations shall be conducted in areas not accessible to the public or shall be limited to times when the public is not present.
6.Mobile fueling shall not take place within 15 feet (4572 mm) of buildings, property lines, combustible storage or storm drains.
1.The distance to storm drains shall not apply where an approved storm drain cover or an approved equivalent that will prevent any fuel from reaching the drain is in place prior to fueling or a fueling hose being placed within 15 feet (4572 mm) of the drain. Where placement of a storm drain cover will cause the accumulation of excessive water or difficulty in conducting the fueling, such cover shall not be used and the fueling shall not take place within 15 feet (4572 mm) of a drain.
2.The distance to storm drains shall not apply for drains that direct influent to approved oil interceptors.
7.The tank vehicle shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 385 and local, state and federal requirements. The tank vehicle’s specific functions shall include that of supplying fuel to motor vehicle fuel tanks. The vehicle and all its equipment shall be maintained in good repair.
8.Signs prohibiting smoking or open flames within 25 feet (7620 mm) of the tank vehicle or the point of fueling shall be prominently posted on three sides of the vehicle including the back and both sides.
9.A portable fire extinguisher with a minimum rating of 40:BC shall be provided on the vehicle with signage clearly indicating its location.
10.The dispensing nozzles and hoses shall be of an approved and listed type.
11.The dispensing hose shall not be extended from the reel more than 100 feet (30 480 mm) in length.
12.Absorbent materials, nonwater-absorbent pads, a 10-foot-long (3048 mm) containment boom, an approved container with lid and a nonmetallic shovel shall be provided to mitigate a minimum 5-gallon (19 L) fuel spill.
13.Tank vehicles shall be equipped with a “fuel limit” switch such as a count-back switch, to limit the amount of a single fueling operation to not more than 500 gallons (1893 L) before resetting the limit switch.
Exception: Tank vehicles where the operator carries and can utilize a remote emergency shutoff device which, when activated, immediately causes flow of fuel from the tank vehicle to cease.
14.Persons responsible for dispensing operations shall be trained in the appropriate mitigating actions in the event of a fire, leak or spill. Training records shall be maintained by the dispensing company.
15.Operators of tank vehicles used for mobile fueling operations shall have in their possession at all times an emergency communications device to notify the proper authorities in the event of an emergency.
16.The tank vehicle dispensing equipment shall be constantly attended and operated only by designated personnel who are trained to handle and dispense motor fuels.
17.Fuel dispensing shall be prohibited within 25 feet (7620 mm) of any source of ignition.
18.The engines of vehicles being fueled shall be shut off during dispensing operations.
19.Nighttime fueling operations shall only take place in adequately lighted areas.
20.The tank vehicle shall be positioned with respect to vehicles being fueled to prevent traffic from driving over the delivery hose.
21.During fueling operations, tank vehicle brakes shall be set, chock blocks shall be in place and warning lights shall be in operation.
22.Motor vehicle fuel tanks shall not be topped off.
23.The dispensing hose shall be properly placed on an approved reel or in an approved compartment prior to moving the tank vehicle.
24.The fire code official and other appropriate authorities shall be notified when a reportable spill or unauthorized discharge occurs.
25.Operators shall place a drip pan or an absorbent pillow under each fuel fill opening prior to and during dispensing operations. Drip pans shall be liquid-tight. The pan or absorbent pillow shall have a capacity of not less than 3 gallons (11.36 L). Spills retained in the drip pan or absorbent pillow need not be reported. Operators, when fueling, shall have on their person an absorbent pad capable of capturing diesel fuel overfills. Except during fueling, the nozzle shall face upward and an absorbent pad shall be kept under the nozzle to catch drips. Contaminated absorbent pads or pillows shall be disposed of regularly in accordance with local, state and federal requirements.
5706.6 Tank vehicles and vehicle operation.
Tank vehicles shall be designed, constructed, equipped and maintained in accordance with NFPA 385 and Sections 5706.6.1 through 5706.6.4.
5706.6.1 Operation of tank vehicles.
Tank vehicles shall be utilized and operated in accordance with NFPA 385 and Sections 5706.6.1.1 through 5706.6.1.11.
Tank vehicles shall not be operated unless they are in proper state of repair and free from accumulation of grease, oil or other flammable substance, and leaks.
The driver, operator or attendant of a tank vehicle shall not remain in the vehicle cab and shall not leave the vehicle while it is being filled or discharged. The delivery hose, when attached to a tank vehicle, shall be considered to be a part of the tank vehicle.
Motors of tank vehicles or tractors shall be shut down during the making or breaking of hose connections. If loading or unloading is performed without the use of a power pump, the tank vehicle or tractor motor shall be shut down throughout such operations.
A cargo tank or compartment thereof used for the transportation of flammable or combustible liquids shall not be loaded to absolute capacity. The vacant space in a cargo tank or compartment thereof used in the transportation of flammable or combustible liquids shall be not less than 1 percent. Sufficient space shall be left vacant to prevent leakage from or distortion of such tank or compartment by expansion of the contents caused by rise in temperature in transit.
The driver, operator or attendant of a tank vehicle shall, before making delivery to a tank, determine the unfilled capacity of such tank by a suitable gauging device. To prevent overfilling, the driver, operator or attendant shall not deliver in excess of that amount.
During loading, hatch covers shall be secured on all but the receiving compartment.
Materials shall not be loaded into or transported in a tank vehicle at a temperature above the material’s ignition temperature unless safeguarded in an approved manner.
5706.6.1.8 Bonding to underground tanks.
An external bond-wire connection or bond-wire integral with a hose shall be provided for the transferring of flammable liquids through open connections into underground tanks.
Smoking by tank vehicle drivers, helpers or other personnel is prohibited while they are driving, making deliveries, filling or making repairs to tank vehicles.
Delivery of flammable liquids to underground tanks with a capacity of more than 1,000 gallons (3785 L) shall be made by means of approved liquid and vapor-tight connections between the delivery hose and tank fill pipe. Where underground tanks are equipped with any type of vapor recovery system, all connections required to be made for the safe and proper functioning of the particular vapor recovery process shall be made. Such connections shall be made liquid and vapor tight and remain connected throughout the unloading process. Vapors shall not be discharged at grade level during delivery.
Simultaneous delivery to underground tanks of any capacity from two or more discharge hoses shall be made by means of mechanically tight connections between the hose and fill pipe.
Upon arrival at a point of delivery and prior to discharging any flammable or combustible liquids into underground tanks, the driver, operator or attendant of the tank vehicle shall ensure that all hoses utilized for liquid delivery and vapor recovery, where required, will be protected from physical damage by motor vehicles. Such protection shall be provided by positioning the tank vehicle to prevent motor vehicles from passing through the area or areas occupied by hoses, or by other approved equivalent means.
Parking of tank vehicles shall be in accordance with Sections 5706.6.2.1 through 5706.6.2.3.
Exception: In cases of accident, breakdown or other emergencies, tank vehicles are allowed to be parked and left unattended at any location while the operator is obtaining assistance.
5706.6.2.1 Parking near residential, educational and institutional occupancies and other high-risk areas.
Tank vehicles shall not be left unattended at any time on residential streets, or within 500 feet (152 m) of a residential area, apartment or hotel complex, educational facility, hospital or care facility. Tank vehicles shall not be left unattended at any other place that would, in the opinion of the fire chief, pose an extreme life hazard.
Tank vehicles shall not be left unattended on a public street, highway, public avenue or public alley.
1.The necessary absence in connection with loading or unloading the vehicle. During actual fuel transfer, Section 5706.6.1.2 shall apply. The vehicle location shall be in accordance with Section 5706.6.2.1.
2.Stops for meals during the day or night, where the street is well lighted at the point of parking. The vehicle location shall be in accordance with Section 5706.6.2.1.
5706.6.2.3 Duration exceeding 1 hour.
1.Inside of a bulk plant and either 25 feet (7620 mm) or more from the nearest lot line or within a building approved for such use.
2.At other approved locations not less than 50 feet (15 240 mm) from the buildings other than those approved for the storage or servicing of such vehicles.
Tank vehicles shall not be parked or garaged in buildings other than those specifically approved for such use by the fire code official.
Tank vehicles shall be equipped with a portable fire extinguisher complying with Section 906 and having a minimum rating of 2-A:20-B:C.
During unloading of the tank vehicle, the portable fire extinguisher shall be out of the carrying device on the vehicle and shall be 15 feet (4572 mm) or more from the unloading valves.
Plants and portions of plants in which flammable liquids are produced on a scale from crude petroleum, natural gasoline or other hydrocarbon sources shall be in accordance with Sections 5706.7.1 through 5706.7.3. Petroleum-processing plants and facilities or portions of plants or facilities in which flammable or combustible liquids are handled, treated or produced on a commercial scale from crude petroleum, natural gasoline, or other hydrocarbon sources shall also be in accordance with API 651, API 653, API 752, API 1615, API 2001, API 2003, API 2009, API 2015, API 2023, API 2201 and API 2350.
Above-ground tanks and piping systems shall be protected against corrosion in accordance with API 651.
The safe entry and cleaning of petroleum storage tanks shall be conducted in accordance with API 2015.
5706.7.3 Storage of heated petroleum products.
Where petroleum-derived asphalts and residues are stored in heated tanks at refineries and bulk storage facilities or in tank vehicles, such products shall be in accordance with API 2023.
5706.8 Vapor recovery and vapor-processing systems.
Vapor-processing systems in which the vapor source operates at pressures from vacuum, up to and including 1 psig (6.9 kPa) or in which a potential exists for vapor mixtures in the flammable range, shall comply with Sections 5706.8.1 through 5706.8.5.
1.Marine systems complying with federal transportation waterway regulations such as DOTn 33 CFR Parts 154 through 156, and CGR 46 CFR Parts 30, 32, 35 and 39.
2.Motor fuel-dispensing facility systems complying with Chapter 23.
Tanks and equipment shall have independent venting for over-pressure or vacuum conditions that might occur from malfunction of the vapor recovery or processing system.
Exception: For tanks, venting shall comply with Section 5704.2.7.3.
Vents on vapor-processing equipment shall be not less than 12 feet (3658 mm) from adjacent ground level, with outlets located and directed so that flammable vapors will disperse to below the lower flammable limit (LFL) before reaching locations containing potential ignition sources.
5706.8.3 Vapor collection systems and overfill protection.
The design and operation of the vapor collection system and overfill protection shall be in accordance with this section and Section 19.5 of NFPA 30.
A liquid knock-out vessel used in the vapor collection system shall have means to verify the liquid level and a high-liquid-level sensor that activates an alarm. For unpopulated facilities, the high-liquid-level sensor shall initiate the shutdown of liquid transfer into the vessel and shutdown of vapor recovery or vapor-processing systems.
Storage tanks served by vapor recovery or processing systems shall be equipped with overfill protection in accordance with Section 5704.2.7.5.8. | 2019-04-25T04:08:23 | https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/IFC2015/chapter-57-flammable-and-combustible-liquids |
Let us try to understand simulation of a typical Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission defined per IEEE 802.11a specification .
From the Table 79 in [80211A ], the symbol duration .
To understand in detail the correspondence between the subcarrier index and frequency, one may refer to a previous post (here ).
Once the bits in each symbol are assigned to appropriate IDFT inputs (Ref. Figure 109 in [80211A ]), the IDFT operation is performed to obtained the time domain signal.
A simple Octave script where a BPSK modulated signal is transmitted on the 52 used subcarriers, may be used for understanding generation of an OFDM signal. The script is loosely based on 802.11a specification . | 2019-04-25T05:48:34 | http://www.dsplog.com/2008/02/03/understanding-an-ofdm-transmission/print/ |
The majority of trainers in Ireland bar the top elite, don’t have the privileges of having immense cash to spend at the sales, they must use their own inventiveness to spot a bargain, that can be considered finding a needle in amidst a hay stack.
Being a small trainer, can be an unappreciated place, the winning statistics don’t tell the full story on their day-to-day struggles however when a success is attained,the sleepless nights and strenuous long days, all seem worthwhile, but presently there a rarity.
When your winning, you don’t question anything, but on the other hand when things don’t go right for you the system looks flawed. The elite owners and trainers in Ireland have almost acquired 70% of the prize money before the season has begun, there is just no contending with their superiority realistically.
Chasing the scraps is the only possibility the middle-of-the-road trainer have of staying involved in the game however when the bigger trainers are charging the same training fees as has you the lure of getting new owners to your modest yard is getting tougher by the day. Pledging success to an owner, isn’t advisable.
The Irish trainers are now fully dependent on those tedious over-sea’s forays paying off. The prize-money in Britain is abysmal however what other opportunity do they have of getting among the winners? The lesser rated handicaps in Ireland are now over-populated, even winning them isn’t plausible. Winning five races in Britain,doesn’t mean your stable is going to win one in the future in Ireland, it’s a different game all together, almost in tolerable for anyone outside the top 10 positions in the trainers’ title. The future looks bleak.
What can the regulatory bodies do? Nothing really, they don’t appear to be actively seeking alternatives to keep small trainers a float, suppose if their bank is above exceptions, what do they care? How many small trainers will hand in their licence’s within the next ten years? I’d say that figure will be well into the double figures at this alarming regression rate. | 2019-04-18T18:46:54 | https://3furlongsout.com/2018/11/26/the-future-looks-bleak-for-small-time-trainers/ |
And was killed by a fall from a cherry-tree then!
The portrait on the right is of the Old Countess of Desmond, who lived to the age of 120 years. Or 135. Or 140. Or maybe 162.
The Countess survived through the Tudor period and, although the record is unclear on the years of both her birth and death, she became famous for her longevity. And for that fatal fall from a cherry tree.
Her name was Katherine (Kathrin) FitzGerald, of the Irish house of Desmond, which was established by the 12th century Cambro-Norman conquerors of that country. Over the generations her people fatally entwined themselves with the Gaelic nobility, especially in the province of Munster, and were driven close to destruction during the Tudor re-conquest of Ireland in the 16th century.
The What in the Where now?
That was my reaction the first time I came across this place-name in the state papers. Turned out it used to be a prison in London’s west-end.
The Poultry refers to a street between Cheapside and Cornhill, which was the centre of the poultry trade in the city.
Compter is a term for a prison, deriving from the French compter, to count (counter was also commonly used in the records). It must be that the counter was literally a table on which a prisoner counted out his due money to secure release from custody.
So the Compter in the Poultry was an old prison for debtors, run by the sheriff.
The Spiders from Hell? I’ll get to them, but the real question is: When did the Tudor era end?
The last of the Tudors was Elizabeth, whose final years were spent at war with Spain, including a terrible military campaign in Ireland. At the same time her politicians were struggling over who should be next in line to the throne. The principal candidate was James VI of Scotland, son of Mary Queen of Scots and direct descendant of the ancient English line interrupted by the Tudors.
Upon the queen’s death in March 1603 the Irish campaign was ended, the succession of the Stuart king went smoothly (although the reaction in London to his proclamation was described as a “silent joy”), and the slow negotiation of peace with Spain gathered pace toward its conclusion in the Treaty of London in August 1604. | 2019-04-20T08:18:09 | https://tudorblog.com/category/tourism/ |
Professional painting & decorating and property maintenance services at affordable prices.
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We are professional painters and decorators with many years of experience working on many types of properties internally and externally from private homes, new constructions, rented properties, shops, restaurants, cafes, offices, schools to churches.
When we work for you, we will make sure your property will not only look great aesthetically, we will also protect it from damage by water, insects, mold, rust and corrosion.
We understand that your home or business is important to you and we work with each of our customers to provide the highest standards of workmanship with the minimum amount of disruption to your day-to-day activities.
At Painting Hands you will have complete peace of mind with our fully insured, experienced and friendly team of skilled painters and decorators.
We can accommodate commercial and domestic properties with flexible hours that suit you.
We are happy to provide you with free advice and quotations what ever the size of your project, domestic or commercial. Simply call us today on 07881207286 or email us via the contact us page and let us work out a plan for you.
At Painting Hands we can ensure every customer is treated with extra care and attention whilst keeping your cost low and total satisfaction on every job.
We are always happy to help with any queries you may have about painting and decorating and home maintenance services or provide a free site survey and no obligation quote. | 2019-04-22T08:45:58 | https://findit.westsussextoday.co.uk/company/858386005528576 |
The house is like a filter.
I’m not a collector but I study objects.
I buy what I don’t understand.
The things that have remained in the house have accumulated over time.
After years of sitting the distinctions between this and that work and “play” house and studio don’t seem very important. So I tend to approach everything the same way. | 2019-04-26T05:54:04 | http://www.bennettbean.com/home-studio |
If your child receives a text from someone who is not saved in their contact list, the unknown number will be displayed on the phone rather than a name. This is probably a harmless situation, but it’s important that your child confirm the person’s identity. Coach your child to save a person’s contact information in person and then send a confirmation text to ensure that they’ve saved the contact information correctly. This is the best way to make sure that the number belongs to the right person!
Group texts are inevitable. That said, it becomes tricky to navigate the social dynamics as peers are asked to join or are “kicked off” a thread. Coaching your child to avoid being the one who adds or subtracts people from a group chat will help avoid drama. If something is going on in a group text that’s uncomfortable for your child, they can decide to take the high road by opting out.
On a brain-behavior level, it’s critically important for kids to understand the distinction between talking verbally and texting. Talking involves your voice. Texting involves written text. As your child is communicating with you, take time to make this difference clear. Doing so will help your child develop an accurate perception of social interactions and avoid the trap of assuming a degree of closeness or inferring meanings that may not exist.
Exchanging texts with a friend may seem like a private, one-on-one interaction, but that’s simply not true. When your child texts, there’s no way to know who else is reading their messages. Worse yet, if your child has texter’s regret and deletes a sent message, the text still exists on the recipient’s phone and can be screenshotted and shared via social media with the world at large. Make sure your child understands that anything sent via text is documented forever—including pictures! There’s no erasing messages or turning back, so urge your child to text wisely and set ground rules regarding sharing photos, so there’s no confusion.
Stephanie O'Leary is a Clinical Psychologist specializing in neuropsychology, a mom of two, and the author of Parenting in the Real World. She provides parents with a no-nonsense approach to navigating the daily grind while preparing their child for the challenges they’ll face in the real world. www.stephanieoleary.com. | 2019-04-24T19:04:50 | https://www.iphonelife.com/content/texting-tips-kids-5-rules-keeping-your-kids-safe-drama-free |
UMI is asking a potential Subscriber to purchase the beverage tumbler for $10 not for the sake of buying it, but rather buying into the concept of a Media Center in the community.
When the battery goes dead or it's too bright outside to see your mobile devices, that's when you wish for a paper version.
at $3 an hours get your work done or just enjoy coffee while catching up on your favorite streaming shows with a friend. Printing available at cost.
Looking for Singers and Rap Artist to complete the third component of this entry.
Atlas Armstrong is the on going story-line of an aspiring entrepreneur, Writer, and Activist, who happens to be in therapy. He is in therapy because he's torn by the state of the world and wanting to help his community yet too few seem to want help; So, he must create a way to bring about positive social change in a quite yet entertaining way to bridge the community. | 2019-04-23T10:21:35 | http://www.umiupliftingmotivatinginspiring.co/ |
To commemorate our 30th anniversary, we’ve updated our website to offer a clean and simple presentation of not only our new work, but also many projects from our past that we believe have survived the test of time. You’ll see a wide range of work from a varied roster of clients. But you’ll notice that one thing remains constant throughout—our commitment to timeless quality and creativity. | 2019-04-19T05:08:32 | http://robertsondesign.com/news/robertsondesign-com-gets-a-face-lift/ |
The health insurance policies are becoming unstable every new day. This has had a significant effect on the operations of most companies in Florida. While a few companies are yet to feel the impact of the rising policy costs, most have been left unable to provide employer health insurance as before. An interview with some of the CEOs of major companies has revealed the general view on group health insurance plans in Florida. The CEOs have provided varying opinions, but the most common feeling is that the rising employer health insurance policies have negatively impacted the provision of excellent service to the employees.
Vance Aloupis is the CEO of Children’s Movement of Florida. Vance Aloupis says the impact of the ever-rising insurance premiums has been largely felt within her group. He reveals that since his company is highly committed to continuing giving employer health insurance, they have had to cut down significant costs that they had budgeted for the future. It is therefore clear that as much as the company continues to provide health insurance like before, the rising costs have to some extent severed their operations.
Margaret Bass, the executive director of Good Hope Equestrian Training Center, shares similar thoughts with Vance Aloupis. She says that her company has been one of the most heavily hit by the increased insurance costs since it’s a nonprofit organization. She reveals that the increased health care insurance costs have led to a significant increase in the employees’ premiums and deductions. This has largely affected the employees’ budgets.
Stephen Berman-Eisenberg, the president and CEO of Carrefour Supporting Housing, says that his institution has a comprehensive benefits package for employees. This package includes health insurance, dental and life insurance among other benefits. Mr. Berman-Eisenberg is however worried that the increased costs of health insurance may force the company to minimize the benefits package to a considerable extent. This will enable the institution to cope with the abnormally high health insurance costs. He is however adamant that the company will do its best to continue providing the benefits even if it means asking the employees to contribute some portion of their earnings.
Jose R. Costa the CEO of For Eyes is however of a different opinion regarding this sensitive topic. Mr. Costa feels that the health insurance policies are still affordable and will thus not have such a great negative impact on the company. He pledges that the company will continue putting concerted efforts to ensure that they continually improve the employees’ benefits despite the rising health insurance costs.
Gastro Health is a healthcare provider based in Florida. The institution’s CEO, Mr. Alejandro Fernandez has also spoken out concerning group health insurance plans in Florida. He has revealed that lately, most companies have engaged the few insurance providers that are providing affordable premiums. This has led to the concentration of almost all companies to the few providers. He further reveals that most insurance providers have been unable to survive the high costs and have opted to step aside. The result has been a reduction of patients that the health care institution receives as the health insurance providers are fewer.
Willie Logan, the CEO of Opa-Locka Community Development Corp., says that his company has been forced to increase the employee deductions to enable them to continue providing health insurance benefits. The company has also applied for Guaranteed Asset Protection (GAP) insurance for each employee in a bid to reduce the employees' expenditures.
From most of those interviewed, it is clear that the increased cost of health insurance has negatively impacted most companies. This has prompted a majority of them to increase the deductions, and this translates to lower salaries to the employees. Companies that have continued to provide the health benefits have been forced to cut down their expense to cater for the high costs. | 2019-04-20T04:39:17 | http://www.floridashealthinsurancenetwork.com/uncategorized/rising-health-insurance-costs-affecting-local-companies/ |
Choreographer Matthew Bourne's reworking of Cinderella as a romance transposed to London during the Blitz was last Christmas' sold out offering at Sadler's Wells; and was broadcast by the BBC as part of its festive programming.
If you missed it then, you have the chance to catch up when the film of that production comes to a cinema near you in May. As a special bonus, the screening will be followed by a Live Q & A with Matthew Bourne.
He will surely be quizzed about the process of reimagining the traditional tale, which has become the trademark of his oeuvre. In the case of Cinderella Bourne chose to make the action contemporaneous with Prokofiev's romantic, yet sombre score, which was written during World War II.
Here Cinderella is still a put upon girl in a household of grotesques; but her Prince is now a dashing airman, and in pure Bourne style, the Fairy Godmother becomes a male angel.
Bourne’s Cinderella is a treat for the eyes with its sumptuous sets and costumes by Lez Brotherson and lighting by Neil Austin, both of which won Olivier Awards when the work premiered 20 years ago. | 2019-04-22T20:19:12 | https://www.culturewhisper.com/r/dance/bourne_cinderella_sadlers/10192 |
In our last blog, we talked about some of the struggles that parents face when their child is dealing with behavioral issues like ADHD or Oppositional Defiance Disorder or something similar. At The Compass For Life, we have designed a parental aspect to the Nurtured Heart Approach. With this approach, we can help equip you with the tools that you will need to help your child.
Parents are always trying to do what is best for their children, but when you’re struggling to raise your challenging child, you may become frustrated and not know what to do. Sometimes the techniques that you have been using backfire, parents and children can have power struggles and arguments, and everyday life is a challange. It is ok to ask for help. With NHA, we can help.
All your child wants is your attention and when they don’t get it, they act out. We have learned that constantly correcting your child’s bad behavior can only result in negative attitudes. With the NHA, we empower parents to shift this paradigm so that you and your child are no longer butting heads. It teaches you how to shift your focus and concentrate on what is going right in your child’s life. In psychology terms, you learn to focus on positive reinforcement (presenting a positive stimulus for positive behavior) instead of negative punishment (removing a desired stimulus for negative behavior) or positive punishment (adding a negative consequence for undesirable behavior).
When you, as a parent, are constantly criticizing your child for their behavior or attitude, it is sure to damage their self-esteem as well as their decision-making and social skills. It is hard to see the end results in the moment, but we have to remind ourselves that we need to be as uplifting as possible so that the criticism isn’t the only thing they hold onto.
If you need more information about the Nurtured Heart Approach, feel free to contact The Compass For Life at any time. | 2019-04-22T06:09:36 | http://www.thecompass4life.com/blog/parent-counseling-with-the-nurtured-heart-approach/ |
Bio-Oil is an award-winning specialist skincare product that is clinically proven to improve the appearance of scars, pregnancy stretch marks, and uneven skin tone. Thanks to PurCellin Oil, a proprietary laboratory copy of the preen gland oil of ducks, Bio-Oil is also effective for many other skin conditions such as aging and dehydrated skin.
Bio-Oil includes the breakthrough ingredient PurCellin Oil, a recreation of the preen gland oil of ducks. During preening, a duck secretes oil from its preen gland and distributes it over its entire plumage in the familiar twisted-neck action that one often associates with ducks. This oil creates a thin, non-greasy layer on the surface of the feathers without which water would not pearl off and the bird would struggle to swim. This ingredient acts as a delivery system for Bio-Oil's other ingredients, improving spreadability and allowing for targeted absorption into the skin.
Also, because oil contains no oxygen, it provides an exceptional storage environment for vitamins. Bio-Oil includes many beneficial skin ingredients such as Vitamin A, Vitamin E, calendula oil, lavender oil, rosemary oil, and chamomile oil. This mix of plant oils and vitamins has been clinically shown to be beneficial to the skin.
Bio-Oil helps improve the appearance of all types of scars and is also highly effective in helping maintain elasticity of scar tissue on joints and other high-mobility areas, including stretch marks. Ideal for pregnant women, particularly in their second and third trimesters, Bio-Oil is the product most recommended by UK pharmacists to help reduce the appearance of scars, stretch marks, and pregnancy stretch marks.
Bio-Oil helps improve the appearance of uneven skin tone caused by excessive sun, hormonal fluctuations, or skin-lighteners. Sagging and wrinkled skin that is associated with aging also benefits from Bio-Oil. Much wrinkled and sagging skin is caused by the weakening of the collagen and elastin support system in the dermis. Bio-Oil helps soften and smooth the skin, making it more supple and reducing the appearance of wrinkles.
Bio-Oil also does a wonderful job at moisturizing and has sufficient moisturizing properties so as to render an additional moisturizer unnecessary.
Bio-Oil is a non-acnegenic and hypo-allergenic product, meaning it has a decreased tendency to cause allergies and acne, and it is safe for use on sensitive skin. | 2019-04-24T20:42:29 | https://www.europaskincare.com/2011/02/bio-oil.html |
A local child support agency providing services as required by Family Code section 17400 must implement any new or revised form approved or adopted by the Judicial Council for support actions under title IV-D of the Social Security Act, and under California statutory provisions concerning these actions, within six months of the effective date of the form. During that six-month period, the local child support agency may properly use and file the immediately prior version of the form.
(2) The most current version of the form, unless there have been amendments to the form that result in substantial changes from the filed version. If the most current version of the form has been substantially changed from the filed version, then the filed version must be used for the final judgment. A substantial change is one that would change the relief granted in a final judgment from that noticed in a proposed or amended proposed judgment.
Rule 5.311 amended effective January 1, 2007; adopted effective January 1, 2004. | 2019-04-22T06:34:51 | http://www.courts.ca.gov/cms/rules/index.cfm?title=five&linkid=rule5_311 |
Wednesday, April 4, 2018, 7:30 p.m.
David Tomas Martinez’s debut collection of poetry, Hustle, was released in 2014 by Sarabande Books. Martinez is a Pushcart winner, CantoMundo fellow, a Breadloaf Stanley P. Young Fellow, and NEA fellow. A second collection, Post Traumatic Hood Disorder, is forthcoming from Sarabande Books in 2018. Martinez lives in Brooklyn and teaches poetry at Columbia. | 2019-04-20T19:24:41 | https://events.uindy.edu/event/david-tomas-martinez-poetry-reading/ |
Hire a car with Europcar in Hull and discover its surroundings with mobility and flexibility. By choosing Europcar online for Hull car hire, you can benefit from our preferential online pre-paid rates. Europcar works with premier car manufacturers to ensure the best in quality and safety.
Our vehicles at the Hull car hire stations are recent models and each hire car is inspected and cleaned at the end of every hire.
5) Choose to pay online or on arrival at the station and confirm your car hire booking for Hull.
No matter why you're traveling to Hull, you can count on our fleet of new hire cars to get you there in comfort.
Whether you're looking for a small or medium car, an MPV or roomy family car, a luxury vehicle or an automatic, our friendly staff at our Hull branches can assist you. Book your vehicle online with Europcar today. | 2019-04-18T23:22:52 | https://www.europcar.co.uk/locations/united-kingdom/hull |
Measurements of DC electric conductivities of four types of silicone rubber-based polymers for use in high voltage insulation systems of power components are reported. The field dependences of the conductivities obtained by two different techniques, namely by utilizing steady-state currents through materials’ samples placed between metallic electrodes and by employing surface potential decay characteristics in an open circuit configuration, are compared and discussed. It is shown that the surface potential decay technique allows for a wider range of electric field strength and reduces the time span of the measurements. | 2019-04-19T20:55:08 | https://research.chalmers.se/publication/506854 |
Thomas Webb an English maker produced this mother of pearl or MOP Satin Glass Rose Bowl. S een in the first 4 photos- additional photos to come! Photos 5-12 are additional listings of English Antique Art Glass.
Produced in the 1890s- Victorian Era. An Air Trapped pattern named Ribbon. 1 0 small crimps on top rim. (In this shape and pattern) are getting extremely hard to find! Hand blown Art Glass With semi finished Pontil. N o damage is seen anywhere on Bowl.
Mop Pattern is undisribted with no bubbles. M easures 2.5 tall and 3.5 wide. The item "T Webb Victorian Antique 1890s Circa MOP Ribbon Satin Rose Bowl RARE" is in sale since Saturday, November 25, 2017.
This item is in the category "Pottery & Glass\Glass\Art Glass\British\Other British Art Glass". The seller is "treasuresandbags4u" and is located in Conroe, Texas. This item can be shipped to United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Denmark, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, Czech republic, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Estonia, Australia, Greece, Portugal, Cyprus, Slovenia, Japan, China, Sweden, South Korea, Indonesia, Taiwan, South africa, Thailand, Belgium, France, Hong Kong, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Italy, Germany, Austria, Russian federation, Israel, Mexico, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Switzerland, Norway, Saudi arabia, Ukraine, United arab emirates, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Croatia, Malaysia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa rica, Panama, Trinidad and tobago, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica. | 2019-04-23T12:15:56 | http://victorianartglass.com/t-webb-victorian-antique-1890s-circa-mop-ribbon-satin-rose-bowl-rare.htm |
US secretary of state says Moscow must tackle attacks on journalists and activists.
The secretary of state's talk came at the end of a five-day tour of Europe, that included Zurich, London and Belfast, and followed on from the US administration's call to "reset" relations with Russia.
She expressed hope that Russians and Americans would be able to move past the Cold War and come to act as partners.
who are still living in the past.
"They do not believe the United States and Russia can co-operate to this extent. They do not trust each other and we have to prove them wrong," she said.
On Tuesday, Clinton held talks with Sergei Lavrov, Russia's foreign secretary, in an attempt to seek support for sanctions against Iran if the Islamic republic reneges on its promise not to develop nuclear weapons.
Although agreeing that fresh sanctions were not yet appropriate, the US is pushing Russia to back tougher action if the international community considers it necessary.
But Lavrov said Moscow believed such threats were "counterproductive" and that only negotiations should be pursued in the current climate.
Clinton, however, insisted the US would have the Russians' support "if sanctions become necessary".
"We remain committed to preventing Iran from becoming a nuclear weapons power. Everybody hopes to succeed, but we're also going to continue to look at the potential of sanctions if we're not successful," she said.
Clinton also travelled to Kazan, the capital of Tatarstan, east of Moscow, on the final leg of her trip, becoming the first secretary of state to visit the religiously and ethnically diverse republic.
She returns to Washington later on Wednesday. | 2019-04-24T14:47:52 | https://www.aljazeera.com/news/europe/2009/10/20091014144744291684.html |
One of our favourite things about living in Bath is its close proximity to the countryside. Living in London, you’d need to get two tubes and a train to see anything remotely resembling rural, but here it’s all around you. Look up anywhere in Bath, and there are rolling green hills surrounding the city.
Since we’ve been here a few weeks, we thought it was high time we started exploring them.
But first, a hearty breakfast from one of our favourite cafes, Same Same But Different.
My fave – Eggs Benedict. Cooked to perfection.
And for Alex, the true test of any British cafe – the full English.
Verdict: delicious, could have been more black pudding (although I did steal some, which probably didn’t help).
Time to walk it off!
We decided to do the Skyline walk. First of all, the weather was lovely so we wanted to make the most of it and secondly, you can start right in the heart of Bath.
We picked up a handy map from the Tourist Office and, armed with plenty of water and snacks, set off.
The recommended starting point is up Bathwick Hill. Luckily, you get to parade down the beautiful Great Pulteney Street en route.
We stopped at Sham Castle to indulge in our snacks.
As the name suggests, it’s not a real castle. It was built in 1762, in order to improve the view from local entrepreneur Ralph Allen’s home. Classic rich guy move.
Buoyed on by a combination of crisps, pineapple and chewits, we finished up back where we started, and headed home.
Overall the walk took us about 3 hours. It’s not too challenging, although there are a few steep hills, and the whole thing is really well signed (thanks, National Trust).
More info here, if you want to don your walking boots and strike out from the city centre. I’d highly recommend it! | 2019-04-18T16:29:26 | https://happinessremembers.com/2014/09/11/the-skyline-walk/ |
Preacher: David L.W. Pfeiffer (54), Paul Tiefel II (1), Neal Radichel (1), Paul Krause (1), Mark Bernthal (1), Michael Eichstadt (1).
Service: Sunday Morning (45), Midweek Meeting (13), Special event (1).
Isaiah 52:7-10 (Part of the series).
Preached by David L.W. Pfeiffer on December 25, 2012 (Midweek Meeting).
Luke 2:25-32 (Part of the Advent - Songs of Salvation series).
Preached by David L.W. Pfeiffer on December 19, 2012 (Sunday Morning).
Isaiah 49:6-9 (Part of the Advent - Songs of Salvation series).
Preached by David L.W. Pfeiffer on December 16, 2012 (Sunday Morning).
Luke 1:67-79 (Part of the Advent - Songs of Salvation series).
Preached by David L.W. Pfeiffer on December 12, 2012 (Midweek Meeting).
Luke 1:46-56 (Part of the Advent - Songs of Salvation series).
Preached by David L.W. Pfeiffer on December 5, 2012 (Midweek Meeting).
(Part of the Sermon Audio series).
Preached by David L.W. Pfeiffer on December 2, 2012 (Midweek Meeting).
Psalm 93:1-5 (Part of the End of Church Year series).
Preached by David L.W. Pfeiffer on November 25, 2012 (Sunday Morning).
Leviticus 22:17-33 (Part of the Thanksgiving series).
Preached by David L.W. Pfeiffer on November 22, 2012 (Special event).
Isaiah 12:1-6 (Part of the Mission Festival series).
Preached by Paul Tiefel II on November 18, 2012 (Sunday Morning).
John 8:31-36 (Part of the Reformation Sunday series).
Preached by David L.W. Pfeiffer on October 28, 2012 (Sunday Morning). | 2019-04-24T08:08:21 | http://ascensionbatavia.org/sermons/?date=2012-01-01&enddate=2012-12-31 |
TrustMovies has so far devoted his time to movies of the foreign, independent and documentary type, with the occasional foray into cable TV (mostly of the foreign sort). And yet "content" -- that all-purpose word now used to refer to just about anything made to entertain, inform, move or amuse us -- has suddenly become so prevalent and all-over-the place (it's everywhere you look) that it behooves me to occasionally cover something different and perhaps more au courant. Today, because I am particularly taken with the three lead performers, I've just viewed WEDLOCK, a series of ten five-minute episodes about two people -- (Jennifer Lafleur and Mark Duplass) who visit a well-known and much-loved therapist (Rob Corddry) who is famous for his wonderful counseling involving couples.
OK: Things begin to go a bit downhill around the halfway point or just after. Nothing major bad, mind you. You'll still laugh pretty consistently, but some of the truly creative stuff that happens early on seems to have disappeared.
The first half of these episodes are so funny, odd and surprising -- dealing with everything from the initial premise (a hoot and a half) to cross-dressing, doll play, ex-girlfriends and a very special "home-made" manual (above) -- that the final ones break little new ground and instead seem to have been created more out of the simple need to fill the rest of the time slots than anything else.
Fortunately the cast is first-rate. Lafleur and Duplass (above, left to right) are fine actors and good comedians, too, and they keep things rolling along. Corddry (three photos up and below, center) is, as usual, an extraordinary delight and one of the funniest "straight men" ever. Also in the mix are Ed Begley, Jr. and Katie Aselton to provide even more laughs and fun. | 2019-04-19T19:08:18 | https://trustmovies.blogspot.com/2014/09/wedlock-vimeofilmbuffs-five-minute-fun.html |
Wiring Diagram 1981 Honda 900 Custom Cb900c - Ebook 81 Honda Cb900 Custom Repair Manual currently available at Buy products related to 1981 honda cb900c products and see what customers say about 1981 honda cb900c products on amazoncom free delivery possible on eligible diagram wiring diagram cutaway view exploded view honda motorcycle parts used. download honda cb900c cb900f workshop manual 1980 1981 1982. all models & repairs are covered a-z! this workshop service repair manual is the real deal! covers all repairs a-z, mechanical & electrical! tons of detailed pictures & diagrams included! all pages are printable, print off only what you need! buy from us with total confidence!. Black Performance Oval Pod Filter - 54mm - Honda CB/CM400/450 CX/GL500/650 CB650/750/900/1000/1100 CBX.
Download Honda CB900C CB900F 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 Workshop Manual Download. FAQ: Why should I purchase this Service Repair Workshop Manual?. Honda CB900C CB900F Service Repair Workshop Manual 1979-1983 HONDA CB900C CB900F Service Repair Workshop Manual 1980-1982 Honda CB900C CB900F Workshop Manual 1980 1981. Honda Cb 900 Custom Repair Manual wiring diagram cutaway view exploded view honda motorcycle parts used buy products related to 1981 honda cb900c products and see what customers say about 1981 honda cb900c products on amazoncom free delivery possible on eligible 297.
Bikebandit.com Navigate your 1981 Honda 900 Custom CB900C schematics below to shop OEM parts by detailed schematic diagrams offered for every assembly on your machine. OEM is an acronym for original equipment manufacturer, which means that the 1981 Honda 900 Custom CB900C OEM parts offered at BikeBandit.com are genuine Honda parts.. Honda's cb900 custom is a bit of an enigma, to us and perhaps even to its creators. According to our sources at American Honda, the 900 wasn't intended for the touring rider, yet it definitely has some of a touring bike's attributes.. Service Repair Manual 1976 - 1991.pdf Honda CB750 F2 CB900 F2 CB 750 900 Wiring Diagram.pdf. civic repair honda hrv repair manual honda nighthawk repair honda big red 300 repair xl250s repair honda xl 600 repair manual honda cb 900 repair manual. At JC Whitney, we offer the best selection of Honda Motorcycle CB900C Custom Windshields.
1980 Honda CB900C - My Mid-Life Crisis. so I began looking at available bikes. After a while, I came across this 1980 Honda CB900 Custom being sold on e-bay. On 10th June 2005, I purchased the bike. My 900 alongside my friend Howard's 1983 CB1000 Custom. Click here to see more of Howard's bike.. Regular servicing and maintenance of your Honda Motorcycle CB900 dohc Fours can help maintain its resale value, save you money, and make it safer to ride. Does not include CB900 Custom. Table of contents. Chapter 4: Frame and forks Chapter 5: Wheels, brakes and tires Chapter 6: Electrical system Chapter 7: The 1981 to 1984 models Wiring. 1981 Honda Cb750 Wiring Diagram Diagrams Schemarh24verenahoegerlde: Cb900f Wiring Diagram At Selfit.co Diagram Honda Cb900 19 Wiring Images Diagrams Rhhighcareasia A schematic diagram is a circuit which shows the links in a positive and standardized way..
Wiring Harness Regulator Rectifiers-> Rectifiers-> Voltage Regulators-> 1978-1981 Honda XL250S XL 250S Regulator Rectifier $109.99 : 1978-1981 Honda XL500S Headlight Regulator $69.99 1979-1980 Honda CB900C Custom Regulator Rectifier $139.95 : 1979-1980 Honda. If you are searching for any new ideas for your wiring then the 1981 honda cb750 wiring schematic image has to be on top of guide or you might use it for an alternative thought. Comments of Honda Cb 900 Wiring Diagram - Simple Wiring Diagram. Click here to cancel reply.. | 2019-04-18T18:57:19 | https://elbak.co.uk/wiring-diagram-1981-honda-900-custom-cb900c.html |
First Aid and Safety's line of Bradley Combination Shower and Eyewash offer you a choice of combination emergency showers and emergency eyewash or a combination emergency showers and eye and face washes.
Bradley combination eyewash and shower stations feature a highly visible polyurethane coating that is quickly recognized in an emergency situation. The polyurethane coating on the emergency showers prevent corrosion and promotes visibility. If you don't find what you are looking for please browse our entire line of emergency eyewash and shower units. | 2019-04-23T19:53:42 | https://www.firstaidandsafetyonline.com/eyewash-showers/emergency-eyewash-and-shower/bradley-combination-shower-and-eyewash.html |
The children at RSM love their lessons! Each week, one or two of them share what they have particularly enjoyed, in the #RSMHotSeat.
This week, one Year 6 girl tells us all about a piece of Creative Writing she penned last term. | 2019-04-18T17:13:16 | https://www.reigatestmarys.org/blog/2019/02/02/rsmhotseat-upper-school-creative-writing/ |
From guest houses to corporate offices the right carpet will add professionalism, elegance and warmth to your space, Hav Carpets has a wide selection of carpets suited for high traffic and or professional settings.
Hav carpets does a hassle free professional installation of your chosen carpet letting you get to doing your business and your flooring looking great.
Carpets for commercial use are designed to look clean, modern and be durable allowing for long term use in high traffic spaces and being stain resistant for easy cleaning making maintaining your carpets and keeping your spaces looking professional all that much easier. | 2019-04-21T16:57:58 | http://havcarpets.co.za/Catalogue/commercial-carpets/ |
For over a decade, Tony Rio has been putting his heart and soul into one thing: Making the best music and providing the best entertainment, for his fans. Week in and week out Tony gives his all to provide A-level entertainment for his loyal fans who continue to come and see his electrifying performances. Not content to rest on his laurels, Tony is hard at work evolving his show to continue to provide the quality performances that his fans have come to expect.
They are a crowd pleaser! They play their own original great songs, can play plenty of oldies but goodies with their own twist! Exciting, hard working and great sound! They will get you dancing!
Their original music and the great live show they always give.
Love this band! Always a great show!
They care about their fans.
If you are a country fan, this band is a MUST see! | 2019-04-20T08:57:24 | http://akron.cityvoter.com/tony-rio-and-relentless/biz/58569 |
Worldwide Books: LE MUSEE DE DIJON.
OP LE MUSEE DE DIJON. Musee de Dijon, 1958. 14 pp. with 48 ills. 18 x 13 cm. Trilingual in English, German and French. | 2019-04-25T18:33:50 | http://www.worldwide-artbooks.com/wwb_title.php?titleno=665 |
dc.description.abstract Standardized and free-format questionnaires on the state of coastal management were fielded to coastal management practitioners during three workshops and a national feedback and recommendation workshop. The most commonly cited responses were identified for each of 13 political regions and overall trends were identified. Management frameworks frequently included research, community organizing, education, livelihood, resource enhancement, resource protection, regulation, and networking components. Gender issues, documentation, and infrastructure investment were rare. The most commonly perceived environmental problem was illegal/ destructive fishing and its associated overfishing and low fish catch. The most commonly cited socioeconomic problem was the inadequacy of law enforcement. The best monitored variables were usually those related to environmental management: status and change of habitats, resources, and degree of enforcement/patrolling activities. The most common nonregulatory enhancement, aside from environmental education (which is the most popular), was mangrove reforestation. In terms of regulations, the majority of the respondents have reportedly formulated an integrated coastal management plan. In practice, regulating destructive and illegal fishing practices and then the establishment of fish sanctuaries are the next most implemented. The most popular quality-of-life enhancement strategies focused on the improvement of sustainable fishing as a livelihood and on a variety of supplementary livelihoods. The most usual institutional intervention being implemented was the setting up of local community people's organizations. Major factors which may influence success or failure of coastal management and recommendations on research, community organizing and livelihood, legislation and policies, implementation and coordination, and networking are also summarized. | 2019-04-21T04:15:59 | https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/65828?show=full |
Cheque payments are accepted only up to 10 business days before the start of the Congress so it can be cleared by the start of the event. In case a cheque payment is made after this period and in case the cheque hasn’t been cleared the funds will not be accredited and you will still have to pay the full amount in cash or debit/credit card at the event. When the cheque amount is cleared after the event then the amount will be fully refunded. The same condition applies to uncleared bank transfers. All outstanding amounts must be settled by the day before the event starts. Any payments after this date must be made in cash.
If you wish to pay online with a credit card please use our checkout feature which is accessible from your online account. All online transactions are surcharged by 3% per transaction to cover the PayPal fees. We own a verified business account with PayPal. To login to your account please visit the congress registration management system .
If you have purchased a pass and booked accommodation through a group you must give the amount due to the group leader. If you have booked online or on paper directly with SalsaCyprus.com please give us a call or drop us an email to arrange a cash or cheque payment. Cheques are made payable to : Salsa Cyprus Dance . All cash/cheques payments are accepted only if the transaction currency is in Euro.
Please make sure you include your booking reference number and name in the bank transfer order details. Also you need to specify during the transfer that you are paying your bank’s fees during the transaction. Once you order a bank transfer, please drop us an email or call us in order to provide your bank transfer order details.
"Overall it was another great congress! Thank u!"
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"The overall organization was absolutely perfect! The venue is bombastic for such an event! The team was friendly and always present! The atmosphere and mood on the parties was good!"
"All people (teachers) were very good and friendly. A lot of things to learn.....Excellent 3 days salsa congress."
"Overall: The event was well run and organised. I liked the fact that the classes that I attended had good instructors and were on time. I also really like the choice of food available for breakfast and dinner..."
"All the WS I took were top. Instructors were clear, patient... It was really a pleasure attending them...."
I want to receive occasional newsletters by email and i can opt-out at any time i wish. | 2019-04-23T18:46:14 | https://salsacyprus.com/payment-methods/ |
A personal crisis and a life-event culminated over a span of twenty years in a spiritual shift. During those stormy years, the 15 minutes of daily meditation were the highlight of my life. A scientist by training, I started becoming curious about the Vedic and Buddhist teachings. Material success no longer mattered. Then I became pregnant. I reached a tipping point. According to many, I "foolishly" quit a successful career on Wall Street to understand the deeper meaning of this life force that is kindled within me and that of the two beautiful beings growing inside my uterus.
New York University (NYU) became my temple. Immersing in Comparative Religions and Neuropsychology studies, I tried to grasp a textbook definition of soul. I was unsuccessful. So I started to research at NYU Medical School, thinking that the MRI machine would help me get a mechanical workings of this strange life force. Well, that was not to happen. However, I did realize working with the laboratory is that I loved working with the little "test subjects" that came holding their their parents' hands to be tested for autism. I also noticed that these children seemed sad when their parents were stressed. When the parents lit up, so did these kids. While there is a place for psychiatrists to work with these children, I felt a gaping hole in how we perceive these mental illnesses. There was a strong brain component to dealing with children - typically developing or diagnosed - that we cannot overlook. But there is a stronger and more influential component in raising children that we, as parents, are missing out on.
How about trusting the process of life? We could use every life experience as a lesson on living. How about using every person we come along, especially our children, as our "gurus"? I use this concept in my workshops. I am lucky to have grown up in India, where the rich teachings of our sages are passed on through generations. I am also fortunate to be married to a Scandinavian man, teaching me how to balance the two very opposite cultures - marrying the best of both worlds of the East and West. This is what I would like to share with you! | 2019-04-22T06:34:36 | https://www.ayman-mukerji.com/my-story |
CEMCO, Inc. Vertical Shaft Impact (VSI) Crushers. How a VSI worksCEMCO, Inc. is the premier manufacturer of vertical shaft impact crushers. How a VSI Crusher Works. . The Science Behind VSI Crushing . Performance data provided is for general guidance purposes only and does not constitute to a contract.how do vsi crushers work,Sand making machine working principle,VSI impact crusher,Vertical .Jun 5, 2013 . VI Series vertical impact crusher ( Sand making machine )works: . Sand making machine working principle,VSI impact crusher,Vertical Shaft Impact Crusher . (2) feeding should be uniform in order to improve Sand making.
how do vsi crushers work,How Crushers Work: The Operation of an Impact Crusher | MINING .Our main products also include jaw crushers, aggregate plants, stone crushers, cone crushers, ultrafine mills, ball mills, grinding mills, hammer crushers and VSI.how do vsi crushers work,Crusher - WikipediaA crusher is a machine designed to reduce large rocks into smaller rocks, gravel, or rock dust. .. Each crusher is designed to work with a certain maximum size of raw ... VSI crushers can be used in static plant set-up or in mobile tracked.
It makes main shaft work stable, lengthen maintenance cycle, increase productivity. VSI Crusher adopts hydraulic lifting mechanism of upper cover. it can move.
How does a Merlin-VSI™ work? A Merlin-. VSI crusher uses a rock lined “Hurricane™” rotor to accelerate material, which is then impacted in a highly energized.
Our CV216 VSI crushers have an autogenous working principle. Designed for tertiary and quaternary applications, they can handle anything from hard and.
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Aug 12, 2013 . The Barmac B-Series Vertical Shaft Impact (VSI) crusher is the original rock-on-rock VSI crusher - not a pretender. The Barmac VSI is an ideal.
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A good example would be track mounted crushing and screening plants. . Others are crushing intensive requiring much work starting with drilling and blasting . Impactors, (HSI and VSI) break the material by either striking it with a fast moving.
Today, VSI crushers – and the folks who rely on them – have produced many .. feed or medium to very hard material, but it will work best for softer materials.
For this reason, any crusher, if it is to succeed and perform reliably and . must be designed so that it may be adapted to the specific needs of your job.
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VSI Crusher, ISC VSI . First it starts with a real understanding of what makes an impact crusher work, gained through years of constant field contact, this.
VSI Crusher or Vertical Shaft Impactor Crusher works on the impact principal for crushing . Diversiform parts can be chosen and key components of well-known.
Barmac VSI Crushers. Barmac B-Series VSI . (VSI) crusher has had a huge impact on the global quarrying and . Existing support work can be used or a.
manufacturers, suppliers & exporter of Vertical Shaft Impactors, VSI Crushers, Vertical . in the marketplace — on time, efficiently, and in a safe work environment. . Actual capacities will depend on the Crushing characteristics of the material.
AmCast manufactures crusher wear parts for vertical shaft impactors and . What do those words mean to us and what should they mean to you? . on how AmCast can put their state of the art technology and expertise to work for you, or to.
ISO 9001:2008 certified Vertical Shaft Impact Crushers manufacturer and exporters. Manufactured with German Technology. On-site . (VSI)Vertical Shaft Impactors. What we MANUFACTURE. Crushers . How does it work? Ecoman's impact.
The grading curve of the rotor centrifugal crusher remains constant even after increased wear of the crushing tools. The crushing result can be decisively.
you can make informed choices for your . our hard-working Trio® VSI crushers are . Our heavy-duty Trio® VSI crusher range is designed with exceptional.
KAIZER VSI crushers use a different approach involving a high speed rotor with wear . in the marketplace - on time, efficiently, and in a safe work environment. VSI . The table indicates standard models only, Special size of VSI can be offered. | 2019-04-24T09:51:15 | http://parishkaram.org.in/52013_how-do-vsi-crushers-work.html |
I'm sure everyone gathered here today felt the same pain when we heard that our dear "Stephen Colbert" was suffering from terminal job promotion. When he came down with the sad, rare disease of having his career grow too fast for his body, we couldn't believe it. We always knew he was different, but to hear "Stephen Colbert" was moving on to the great Late Show in the sky that... that was just unbelievable.
As he veered towards his final days, it was clear that "Stephen" was confused and unsure of what was happening to him. He said himself, "I do not envy whoever they try to put in that chair." We all knew that he was the one headed into the "chair" called eternal peace, but he was too far gone to understand.
"Stephen" brought joy — or confusion or outrage — to every life he touched. No matter who we are or what walk of life we come from, we knew that getting our daily news from a person who was so charmingly uninformed was a once-in-a-lifetime blessing. For most newscasters do not bring the same charisma to their own misguided statements.
Oh god! That's too much to handle!
As "Stephen Colbert" passes on, I can help but think that he'll be back in some other form. Maybe as a tree, maybe as a newborn baby, maybe as a crumb on Lindsey Graham's smushy face. Or maybe even as a man who looks exactly like himself but wears different glasses and hosts another TV show. We don't know!
All we know for sure is today's Wørd: Goodbye. | 2019-04-19T02:25:45 | https://www.bustle.com/articles/20842-a-eulogy-for-stephen-colbert-as-he-moves-on-to-the-great-late-show-in-the |
Cute!! New without tag Flower symbol pendant sterling silver.
Feel free to ask any questions, Thank you for shopping!! | 2019-04-24T18:26:35 | https://somoonjewelry.com/products/cute-new-flower-symbol-pendant-sterling-silver-marked |
We have available some of the the hardest to find concert tickets along with seats for other world tour concerts or events. Whether you are looking front row tickets, box seats, backstage passes, a suite, or club seats, we have the largest selection anywhere. Our inventory of our Bluegrass Nights At The Ryman tickets are fairly cheap, a good bargain, and usually some of the lowest prices available. Much of the inventory we offer are for sold out events and often for a significant disount cmpared to many competitors. | 2019-04-20T11:19:54 | https://ballparks.com/tickets/concert_tickets/bluegrass_nights_at_the_ryman_tickets.htm |
Adidas continues their expansion of the EQT silhouette with a Support Mid ADV Primeknit camo rendition ($120). The model draws inspiration from the brand's classic runners in the 90's but implements modern technology to give more functionality to the sneaker. The silhouette features a khaki and green camouflage primeknit upper with signature webbing tape and integrated 3 stripe branding for splashes of color. The model sits on a molded midsole for an adaptive fit and comfortable cushioning throughout the foot. Pick up your pair now, available online and in store. | 2019-04-20T07:18:43 | https://feature.com/blogs/feature-sneaker-boutique/adidas-originals-eqt-support-mid-adv-primeknit-trace-khaki-clear-available-now |
Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops. Similarly in Japan, the color is traditionally associated with the Emperor and aristocracy. Purple has always served as the color of wealth and luck with a medley of Modern and contemporary art. Purple is said to be the Black of 2018. More and more people are incorporating the color in their interiors whether it is walls, shelves, furniture or showpieces. From bedrooms to bathrooms this color is a great hit everywhere. We have listed some ideas as to how you can incorporate this dashing and beautiful color in your interiors of your Modern and Contemporary apartment.
Purple tube lights or LEDs in your living room. You can also choose among the wide range of purple showpieces and paintings to give your living room and extra edge and that Contemporary look.
Purple tube lights or LEDs in your living room. You can also choose among the wide range of purple showpieces and paintings to give your bedroom an oomph factor and that Contemporary look because you don’t want your bedroom to look dull but give that rich look to stand out.
As parents, the utmost attention that you want to give is your kids and their stuff and since you cannot compromise there add some amazing Purple kid-friendly furniture in your kid’s room. Purple is a color that suits both girls and boys room so without any ado go for this trending lovely color in the form of walls, furniture, quirky lights, racks and shelves, cupboards paintings and much more things. | 2019-04-25T20:36:03 | http://www.achahomes.com/top-5-stylish-apartment-interior-decorating-ideas/ |
Being stressed from time to time is normal, but if we are constantly under stress, we lose the energy to be able to cope even with simple things. Living with stress long term is bad for our health. It can make us sick and eventually lead to depression and relationship problems. If we don’t address our stress, it can lead to a physical or emotional breakdown. Here are some tips that might help you reduce your stress.
If you can change the situation, then do. But there are often times when we have no control over what is causing our stress, and in those situations, the following tips might help.
And write down what you think needs to change. When you are stressed, you might feel overwhelmed and feel like the situation is hopeless and will never change. Instead of worrying or waiting for everything to come right, grab a sheet of paper, write down your life concerns, and then set yourself small achievable goals. When they have been achieved, celebrate them!
Start talking – with a mate, family, or health professional. It can be hard to admit we’re not coping, but by talking about it we can start to make it better. If you don’t have anyone you feel you can talk to, ring Lifeline 0800 543 354 anytime 24/7. They are trained to listen, and to help you work through any situation.
The healthier our bodies, the better our minds work to deal with stress, and the less likely we are to get physically sick and run down. Take some exercise and eat healthier so you can feed your brain.
Reduce your caffeine, alcohol, and smoking. Start with small steps, try a drink free night, or a smoke free day.
Try not to look at computer or TV screens for an hour before you want to sleep. The light they give out is too bright for our brains to rest. Try reading instead.
Write down what’s bothering you before you try to sleep, to get it off your mind.
Try some relaxation techniques like taking a hot bath, doing some meditation.
Get into a routine. If your schedule allows it, try going to bed at the same time and waking up at the same time every day.
Make time to do something that you really enjoy. Just taking time for yourselves, away from our responsibilities, can really improve our mood.
If your stress is negatively impacting your life, and you can’t seem to find a way to beat it, go see your doctor. Be clear in your communication and explain not just your physical symptoms, but your situation and how it is making you feel. Your doctor may suggest a specialist you can talk to, or perhaps give you some medication to help.
Try sitting still for five minutes, and focus only on listening to your breath. Your mind will wander, but keep trying. This helps us stop worrying about the past or the future, and gives our mind a break. If “thinking about nothing” is a foreign concept, have a look at the Headspace App below – it might be worth a try.
There are a number of foods we can eat, and supplements we can take, to regulate stress hormones and help us feel more relaxed. These include foods high in Omega-3, like salmon, and foods that contain magnesium, like nuts, seeds, avocado and spinach.
For more ideas, read Lee-Anne Wann’s Stress Busting Tips.
Is reducing my stress worth the effort? Yes. Here’s why.
Reducing your stress can make you happier.
Reducing your stress can improve your physical health.
Reducing your stress can improve your relationships.
Reducing your stress can make you more productive at work and play.
We’re big fans of the Headspace Meditation App. Headspace is meditation made simple – a gym membership for the mind available on smartphones, tablets or through their website Headspace.com. Men’s Health Trust are part of the Give One / Get One programme, where for every paid subscription, Headspace will gift a membership to someone in need.
Every month we have 10 free 1 year Headspace subscriptions to give away. To apply, send us an email, write Headspace in the subject line, and tell us in a few sentences why you would like to join Headspace.
Ben Edusei is a 31 year old wellness practitioner from Wellington. He spoke to Men's Health about one of the most stressful times in his life, the physical symptoms that came with it, and how he eventually realised he was extremely stressed and managed to deal with it.
Here are some helpful links to help you reduce stress.
Here are some useful brochures and resources that you can download for more information on reducing stress.
If you would like to share your story about winning by reducing your stress we’d love to hear from you. Fill in the form and we’ll get in touch. | 2019-04-25T09:08:59 | http://menshealthnz.org.nz/living-healthy/reduce-stress/ |
ACF Industrie is the leading European manufacturer of rubber tracks conversion systems for 4x4 vehicles.
In one hour you can convert a DUSTER into an extreme off-road vehicle.
ACF rubber track conversion system is an economical solution which will tackle the most difficult conditions in snow, mud, sand and water.
The tracks are also at home on asphalt, at any time, the original wheels can be remounted.
Agriculture, rice growing, forest industry.
Mining, oil and gas, public works.
Networks water, gas, electric, telecom. | 2019-04-23T20:11:30 | http://www.mudstershop.com/ro/senile-pentru-dacia-renault-duster |
21 April 2016. 21 April 1860. One of the very first photography auctions was held exactly 156 years ago to the day. It comprised two lots: the apparatus and prints of Gustave le Gray, along with his debts. There was a single bidder – well, two partners in fact, the Marquis de Briges and his brother, the photographer’s financial backers who had eventually pushed him into bankruptcy and had come to collect their rewards. Alexandre Dumas published a subdued article in his journal, the dark humour barely perceptible and eluding the observers’ wisdom. | 2019-04-25T14:29:03 | https://loeildelaphotographie.com/en/photography-auction-a-timeline-of-early-auctions/ |
Our custody and placement programs are based on the “Gold Standards” of practice such as the Strange Situation protocol, AAI interviews, Caregiving Interviews, Attachment Q-Sorts, and others. We provide in depth analysis using only evidence and research based tools for our evaluations. Our programs are provided by top notch experts who are up to date on all current literature and practice. Contact us today or make a referral! | 2019-04-19T11:24:34 | https://effectivebehavior.com/our-services/custody-and-placement-services/ |
Healing Waters Lodge and Project Healing Waters Fly Fishing (PHWFF) shared a great week at the lodge in July. Here is Kyle, enjoying a day on the Ruby River, with his guide, Mike Geary. We host PHWFF (a non-profit) 2 trips down the Smith River and multiple visits to Healing Waters Lodge each year. Easily, the most fun we have all season! | 2019-04-24T02:00:22 | https://www.hwlodge.com/2016/09/kyle-project-healing-waters-fly-fishing-ruby-river/ |
This entry was posted on 26 September 2011 at 11:56 and is filed under Breakfast, Fall, Homemade and preserves, Summer. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed.
I was at Bergamot restaurant Cambridge MA and had Plum ginger jam served with artisan cheese- OMG it was wonderful! I am back home in CA so I am trying this recipe!
Thanks Nina, it may well be my absolute favorite jam. I’ve not had it with cheese but this gives me some ideas. Hope you enjoy it!
What if I have a little one who doesn’t like chunks of fruit in her jam or jelly? Is there a point where I could puree the jam using my immersion blender?
Yes, of course. You may even want to peel the plums first, then puree them directly in the saucepan before mixing in the sugar and lemon. You could even include the candied ginger so it is pureed also.
Love the idea of using candied ginger as we always have tubs of it laying around. What’s with the dodgy prunes this season?
Nice easy recipe, what is your favourite use?
Thank you – I think the best use is probably simply spread on toast, though it might also go well as a condiment for a savory dish, given the ginger. | 2019-04-26T00:24:08 | https://nettleandquince.com/2011/09/26/plum-jam-with-candied-ginger/ |
Visual Studio: Community or Code?
Time to upgrade from crusty old Visual Studio 2017 to the next new hotness. Anybody using Visual Studio 2019 yet or Visual Studio Code with MonoGame?
yea, I've gone tru that as well - updating everything on both ends (win/mac) usually fixes weird things. after some years of non-usage, my mac-mini buildslave needed 2 days to update everything .. | 2019-04-26T04:20:37 | http://community.monogame.net/t/visual-studio-community-or-code/11494/4 |
Mary Ward (23 January 1585 – 30 January 1645) was an English Catholic nun who founded the Institute of the Blessed Virgin Mary. She was declared "Venerable" by Pope Benedict XVI on 19 December 2009; this is the first of three steps on the path to being declared a saint.
Mary's first word was Jesus which was the sign of things to come. Mary was born at a time of great conflict for Catholics in England. She was born in Ripon and in 1595 her family home was burned down. As the home was burning, Mary and her sisters knelt down and asked the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary; the children were saved by their father. In 1599 she moved to the house of Sir Ralph Babthorpe at Osgodby, Selby. It was there at the age of 15 that Mary felt called to the religious life. She entered a convent of Poor Clares at Saint-Omer in France as a lay sister in 1606 and the following year she founded the Convent of Poor Clares at Gravelines a house for English women at nearby Gravelines.
However, she did not find herself called to the contemplative life and instead decided to dedicate herself to active ministry, whilst still being a religious; this was considered most unusual at the time. At the age of twenty-four she found herself surrounded by a band of devoted companions determined to work under her guidance. In 1609 they established themselves as a religious community at Saint-Omer, and opened schools for girls.
Although the venture was a great success, it was a novelty at the time, and it called forth censure and opposition as well as praise. Her idea was to enable women to do for the Church in their proper field, what men had done for it in the Society of Jesus. The idea has been realized over and over again in modern times, but in the 17th century it met with little encouragement. Uncloistered nuns were an innovation repugnant to long-standing principles and traditions then prevalent. At that time, the work of religious women was confined to prayer, and such work as could be carried on within the walls of a convent.
There were other new startling differences between the new institute and existing congregations of women; freedom from: enclosure, the obligation of choir, wearing a religious habit, and from the jurisdiction of the local bishop. Moreover her scheme was proposed at a time when there was division amongst English Catholics, and the fact that it borrowed so much from the Society of Jesus (itself an object of suspicion and hostility in many quarters) increased the mistrust. Measures recognized as acceptable in modern times were untried in hers, and her opponents called for a statement to be made by Church authorities. As early as 1615, the Jesuit theologians Francisco Suárez andLeonardus Lessius had been asked for their opinion on the new institute; both praised its way of life. Lessius held that local episcopal authorisation sufficed to render it a religious body whereas Suárez maintained that its aim, organization, and methods being without precedent in the case of women, required the sanction of the Holy See.
Pope St. Pius V (pope from 1566–1572) had declared solemn vows and strict papal enclosure to be essential to all communities of religious women. To this law the difficulties of Mary Ward were mainly due, when on the propagation of her institute in Flanders, Bavaria, Austria, and Italy, she applied to the Holy See for formal approbation. The Archduchess Isabella Clara Eugenia, the Elector Maximilian I, and the Emperor Ferdinand II had welcomed the congregation to their dominions, and together with such men as Cardinal Federigo Borromeo, Fra Domenico de Gesù, and Father Mutio Vitya, General of the Society of Jesus, held the foundress in great esteem. Paul V, Gregory XV, and Urban VIII had shown her great kindness and spoken in praise of her work, and in 1629 she was allowed to plead her cause in person before the congregation of cardinals appointed by Urban to examine the situation. The "Jesuitesses", as her congregation was designated by her opponents, were suppressed in 1630. Her work however was not destroyed. It revived gradually and developed, following the general lines of the first scheme. The second institute was at length approved as to its rule by Pope Clement XI in 1703, and as an institute by Pope Pius IX in 1877.
At the express desire of Pope Urban, Mary went to Rome. It was there that she gathered around her the younger members of her religious family, under the supervision and protection of the Holy See. In 1639, with letters of introduction from Pope Urban to Queen Henrietta Maria, Mary returned to England and established herself in London. In 1642 she journeyed northward with her household and established a convent at Heworth, near York. She died in St.Mary's school.
After her death in Heworth, near York, her companions thought it best not to bury her body near the city centre where she died because of the dangers of desecration. Instead they sought somewhere less conspicuous and found a happy solution by arranging for her to be buried in Osbaldwick Churchyard, about a mile away. There, as the record says, 'the vicar was honest enough to be bribed'! Her burial on 1 February 1645 was also attended by Anglicans. Despite the persecution of Roman Catholics at the time, Mary Ward was much admired and revered by many local people.
She was mentioned by Pope Benedict XVI during his UK visit. | 2019-04-22T00:06:01 | http://www.smccjkanpur.org/Mother_foundress.aspx |
Covalent Attachment of Lipid Cesicles to a Fluid-Supported BIlayer Allows Observation of DNA-Mediated Vesicle Interactions, Bettina van Lengerich, Robert J. Rawle, and Steven G. Boxer, Langmuir, 2010, 26 (11), pp 8666–8672, February 24, 2010. DOI: 10.1021/la904822f.
An Effective Targeted Nanoglobular Manganese(II) Chelate Conjugate for Magnetic Resonance Molecular Imaging of Tumor Extracellular Matrix, Mingqian Tan, Xueming Wu, Eun-Kee Jeong, Qianjin Chen, Dennis L. Parker, and Zheng-Rong Lu, Mol. Pharmaceutics, 2010, 7 (4), pp 936–943 May 19, 2010. DOI: 10.1021/mp100054m.
Illuminating Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Densities on Filopodia through Plasmon Coupling. Jing Wang, Svetlana V. Boriskina, Hongyun Wang, and Bjorn M. Reinhard. ACS Nano. 2011, 5 (8), pp 6619–6628. July 17, 2011. DOI: 10.1021/nn202055b.
Monitoring the Size and Lateral Dynamics of ErbB1 Enriched Membrane Domains through Live Cell Plasmon Coupling Microscopy. Guoxin Rong, Bjorn M. Reinhard. PLoS ONE. 2012, 7 (3) e34175. March 28, 2012. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0034175.
An Intein-Mediated Site-Specific Click Conjugation Strategy for Improved Tumor Targeting of Nanoparticle Systems. Drew R. Elias, Dr. Zhiliang Cheng, and Prof. Andrew Tsourkas. Small 2010 6 (21) pp 2460–2468 November 5, 2010. DOI:10.1002/smll.201001095.
Peptide-Targeted Nanoglobular Gd-DOTA Monoamide Conjugates for Magnetic Resonance Cancer Molecular Imaging. Mingqian Tan, Xueming Wu, Eun-Kee Jeong, Qianjin Chen, and Zheng-Rong Lu. Biomacromolecules 2010 11 (3) pp 754–761 March 8, 2010. DOI:10.1021/bm901352v.
Nanoconjugation: a materials approach to enhance epidermal growth factor induced apoptosis. Linxi Wu, Xinwei Yu, Amin Feizpour and Björn M. Reinhard. Biomaterials Science. 2013, (www.rsc.org/biomaterialsscience). September 23,2013. DOI: 10.1039/c3bm60142k.
Prodrug Strategy for PSMA-Targeted Delivery of TGX-221 to Prostate Cancer Cells. Yunqi Zhao, Shaofeng Duan, Xing Zeng, Chunjing Liu, Neal M. Davies, Benyi Li, and M. Laird Forrest. Mol. Pharmaceutics. 2012, 9 (6) pp 1705–1716. April 11, 2012. DOI: 10.1021/mp3000309. | 2019-04-20T12:46:19 | https://www.quantabiodesign.com/product/10511/ |
In my neck of the woods, hedgerows proliferate, some of them are pretty old, and they all change with every season. I like winter, winter light and colour fascinates me.
I like to use lots of layers in my paintings and they spend time the ground as well as on a wall. I use brushes, rags, palette knives and spatter paint onto the canvas to create a rich textured paint surface.
This 30x100cm canvas is unframed. Ir has white painted edges and is strung with picture cord ready to hang. | 2019-04-25T01:58:53 | https://www.sandydooley.co.uk/store/p201/JanuaryHedgerow.html |
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