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3,500 | Biliary colic. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Laparoscopic examination showed no injury from entry. Marcaine was then injected just subxiphoid, and a 5-mm port was placed under direct visualization for the laparoscope. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 5 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Biliary colic. | gastroenterology, veress needle, gallbladder, laparoscope, laparoscopic examination, endotracheal intubation, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, biliary colic, abdomen, cholecystectomy, endotracheal, umbilicus, laparoscopic, |
3,501 | Acute cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The abdominal area was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion. A small skin incision was made below the umbilicus. It was carried down in the transverse direction on the side of her old incision. It was carried down to the fascia. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 4 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Acute cholecystitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Acute cholecystitis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:, Zero.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,PROCEDURE: ,The patient was taken to the operating room, and after obtaining adequate general anesthesia, the patient was placed in the supine position. The abdominal area was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion. A small skin incision was made below the umbilicus. It was carried down in the transverse direction on the side of her old incision. It was carried down to the fascia. An open pneumoperitoneum was created with Hasson technique. Three additional ports were placed in the usual fashion. The gallbladder was found to be acutely inflamed, distended, and with some necrotic areas. It was carefully retracted from the isthmus, and the cystic structure was then carefully identified, dissected, and divided between double clips. The gallbladder was then taken down from the gallbladder fossa with electrocautery. There was some bleeding from the gallbladder fossa that was meticulously controlled with a Bovie. The gallbladder was then finally removed via the umbilical port with some difficulty because of the size of the gallbladder and size of the stones. The fascia had to be opened. The gallbladder had to be opened, and the stones had to be extracted carefully. When it was completed, I went back to the abdomen and achieved complete hemostasis. The ports were then removed under direct vision with the scope. The fascia of the umbilical wound was closed with a figure-of-eight 0 Vicryl. All the incisions were injected with 0.25% Marcaine, closed with 4-0 Monocryl, Steri-Strips, and sterile dressing.,The patient tolerated the procedure satisfactorily and was transferred to the recovery room in stable condition. | gastroenterology, laparoscopic, cholecystectomy, cholecystitis, gallbladder fossa, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, acute cholecystitis, gallbladder |
3,502 | Chronic cholecystitis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patient with increasingly severe more frequent right upper quadrant abdominal pain, more after meals, had a positive ultrasound for significant biliary sludge. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 8 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Chronic cholecystitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: ,Chronic cholecystitis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: ,Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,BLOOD LOSS: , Minimal.,ANESTHESIA: , General endotracheal anesthesia.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,CONDITION: , Stable.,DRAINS: , None.,DISPOSITION: ,To recovery room and to home.,FLUIDS: ,Crystalloid.,FINDINGS: , Consistent with chronic cholecystitis. Final pathology is pending.,INDICATIONS FOR THE PROCEDURE: ,Briefly, the patient is a 38-year-old male referred with increasingly severe more frequent right upper quadrant abdominal pain, more after meals, had a positive ultrasound for significant biliary sludge. He presented now after informed consent for the above procedure.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: ,The patient was identified in the preanesthesia area, then taken to the operating room, placed in the supine position on the operating table, and induced under general endotracheal anesthesia. The patient was correctly positioned, padded at all pressure points, had antiembolic TED hose and Flowtrons in the lower extremities. The anterior abdomen was then prepared and draped in a sterile fashion. Preemptive local anesthetic was infiltrated with 1% lidocaine and 0.5% ropivacaine. The initial incision was made sharply at the umbilicus with a #15-scalpel blade and carried down through deeper tissues with Bovie cautery, down to the midline fascia with a #15 scalpel blade. The blunt-tipped Hasson introducer cannula was placed into the abdominal cavity under direct vision where it was insufflated using carbon dioxide gas to a pressure of 15 mmHg. The epigastric and right subcostal trocars were placed under direct vision. The right upper quadrant was well visualized. The gallbladder was noted to be significantly distended with surrounding dense adhesions. The fundus of the gallbladder was grasped and retracted anteriorly and superiorly, and the surrounding adhesions were then taken down off the gallbladder using a combination of the bullet-nose Bovie dissector and the blunt Kittner peanut dissector. Further dissection allowed identification of the infundibulum and cystic duct junction where the cystic duct was identified and dissected out further using a right-angle clamp. The cystic duct was clipped x3 and then divided. The cystic artery was dissected out in like fashion, clipped x3, and then divided. The gallbladder was then taken off the liver bed in a retrograde fashion using the hook-tip Bovie cautery with good hemostasis. Prior to removal of the gallbladder, all irrigation fluid was clear. No active bleeding or oozing was seen. All clips were noted to be secured and intact and in place. The gallbladder was placed in a specimen pouch after placing the camera in the epigastric port. The gallbladder was retrieved through the umbilical fascial defect and submitted to Pathology. The camera was placed back once again into the abdominal cavity through the umbilical port, and all areas remained clean and dry and the trocar was removed under direct visualization. The insufflation was allowed to escape. The umbilical fascia was closed using interrupted #1 Vicryl sutures. Finally, the skin was closed in a layered subcuticular fashion with interrupted 3-0 and 4-0 Monocryl. Sterile dressings were applied. The patient tolerated the procedure well., | gastroenterology, abdomen, bovie cautery, endotracheal anesthesia, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, cystic duct, chronic cholecystitis, abdominal, laparoscopic, cholecystectomy, cholecystitis, gallbladder, |
3,503 | Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and intraoperative cholangiogram. The patient received 1 gm of IV Ancef intravenously piggyback. The abdomen was prepared and draped in routine sterile fashion. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 7 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: ,Cholecystitis and cholelithiasis.,TITLE OF PROCEDURE,1. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,2. Intraoperative cholangiogram.,ANESTHESIA: ,General.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: ,The patient was taken to the operative suite and placed in the supine position under general endotracheal anesthetic. The patient received 1 gm of IV Ancef intravenously piggyback. The abdomen was prepared and draped in routine sterile fashion.,A 1-cm incision was made at the umbilicus and a Veress needle was inserted. Saline test was performed. Satisfactory pneumoperitoneum was achieved by insufflation of CO2 to a pressure of 14 mmHg. The Veress needle was removed. A 10- to 11-mm cannula was inserted. Inspection of the peritoneal cavity revealed a gallbladder that was soft and without adhesions to it. It was largely mobile. The liver had a normal appearance as did the peritoneal cavity. A 5-mm cannula was inserted in the right upper quadrant anterior axillary line. A second 5-mm cannula was inserted in the subcostal space. A 10- to 11-mm cannula was inserted into the upper midline.,The gallbladder was reflected in a cephalad direction. The gallbladder was punctured with the aspirating needle, and under C-arm fluoroscopy was filled with contrast, filling the intra- and extrahepatic biliary trees, which appeared normal. Extra contrast was aspirated and the aspirating needle was removed. The ampulla was grasped with a second grasper, opening the triangle of Calot. The cystic duct was dissected and exposed at its junction with the ampulla, was controlled with a hemoclip, digitally controlled with two clips and divided. This was done while the common duct was in full visualization. The cystic artery was similarly controlled and divided. The gallbladder was dissected from its bed and separated from the liver, brought to the outside through the upper midline cannula and removed.,The subhepatic and subphrenic spaces were irrigated thoroughly with saline solution. There was oozing and bleeding from the lateral 5-mm cannula site, but this stopped spontaneously with removal of the cannula. The subphrenic and subhepatic spaces were again irrigated thoroughly with saline until clear. Hemostasis was excellent. CO2 was evacuated and the camera removed. The umbilical fascia was closed with 2-0 Vicryl, the subcu with 3-0 Vicryl, and the skin was closed with 4-0 nylon. Sterile dressings were applied. Sponge and needle counts were correct. | gastroenterology, cholangiogram, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, ancef, endotracheal, umbilicus, veress needle, c-arm fluoroscopy, intraoperative cholangiogram, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, laparoscopic, cholecystectomy, gallbladder, cannula, |
3,504 | Cholelithiasis; possible choledocholithiasis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and intraoperative cholangiogram. A small incision was made in the umbilicus, and a Veress needle was introduced into the abdomen. CO2 insufflation was done to a maximum pressure of 15 mmHg, and a 12-mm VersaStep port was placed into the umbilicus. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 6 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Cholelithiasis; possible choledocholithiasis. | gastroenterology, choledocholithiasis, cholangiogram, co2 insufflation, umbilicus, common bile duct, bile duct, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, cystic duct, intraoperative, laparoscopic, cholecystectomy, cholelithiasis, endotracheal, gallbladder, cystic, duct, |
3,505 | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Biliary colic and biliary dyskinesia. The patient had a workup for her gallbladder, which showed evidence of biliary dyskinesia. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 10 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Biliary colic and biliary dyskinesia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Biliary colic and biliary dyskinesia.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,ANESTHESIA: , General endotracheal.,COMPLICATIONS:, None.,DISPOSITION: ,The patient tolerated the procedure well and was transferred to recovery in stable condition.,BRIEF HISTORY: ,This patient is a 42-year-old female who presented to Dr. X's office with complaints of upper abdominal and back pain, which was sudden onset for couple of weeks. The patient is also diabetic. The patient had a workup for her gallbladder, which showed evidence of biliary dyskinesia. The patient was then scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary colic and biliary dyskinesia.,INTRAOPERATIVE FINDINGS: , The patient's abdomen was explored. There was no evidence of any peritoneal studding or masses. The abdomen was otherwise within normal limits. The gallbladder was easily visualized. There was an intrahepatic gallbladder. There was no evidence of any inflammatory change.,PROCEDURE:, After informed written consent, the risks and benefits of the procedure were explained to the patient. The patient was brought into the operating suite.,After general endotracheal intubation, the patient was prepped and draped in normal sterile fashion. Next, an infraumbilical incision was made with a #10 scalpel. The skin was elevated with towel clips and a Veress needle was inserted. The abdomen was then insufflated to 15 mmHg of pressure. The Veress needle was removed and a #10 blade trocar was inserted without difficulty. The laparoscope was then inserted through this #10 port and the abdomen was explored. There was no evidence of any peritoneal studding. The peritoneum was smooth. The gallbladder was intrahepatic somewhat. No evidence of any inflammatory change. There were no other abnormalities noted in the abdomen. Next, attention was made to placing the epigastric #10 port, which again was placed under direct visualization without difficulty. The two #5 ports were placed, one in the midclavicular and one in the anterior axillary line again in similar fashion under direct visualization. The gallbladder was then grasped out at its fundus, elevated to patient's left shoulder. Using a curved dissector, the cystic duct was identified and freed up circumferentially. Next, an Endoclip was used to distal and proximal to the gallbladder, Endoshears were used in between to transect the cystic duct. The cystic artery was transected in similar fashion. Attention was next made in removing the gallbladder from the liver bed using electrobovie cautery and spatulated tip. It was done without difficulty. The gallbladder was then grasped via the epigastric port and removed without difficulty and sent to pathology. Hemostasis was maintained using electrobovie cautery. The liver bed was then copiously irrigated and aspirated. All the fluid and air was then aspirated and then all ports were removed under direct visualization. The two #10 ports were then closed in the fascia with #0 Vicryl and a UR6 needle. The skin was closed with a running subcuticular #4-0 undyed Vicryl. 0.25% Marcaine was injected and Steri-Strips and sterile dressings were applied. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was transferred to Recovery in stable condition. | gastroenterology, electrobovie cautery, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, biliary colic, biliary dyskinesia, biliary, laparoscopic, cholecystectomy, colic, abdomen, dyskinesia, gallbladder |
3,506 | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 1 | PROCEDURE:,: After informed consent was obtained, the patient was brought to the operating room and placed supine on the operating room table. General endotracheal anesthesia was induced. The patient was then prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion. An #11 blade scalpel was used to make a small infraumbilical skin incision in the midline. The fascia was elevated between two Ochsner clamps and then incised. A figure-of-eight stitch of 2-0 Vicryl was placed through the fascial edges. The 11-mm port without the trocar engaged was then placed into the abdomen. A pneumoperitoneum was established. After an adequate pneumoperitoneum had been established, the laparoscope was inserted. Three additional ports were placed all under direct vision. An 11-mm port was placed in the epigastric area. Two 5-mm ports were placed in the right upper quadrant. The patient was placed in reverse Trendelenburg position and slightly rotated to the left. The fundus of the gallbladder was retracted superiorly and laterally. The infundibulum was retracted inferiorly and laterally. Electrocautery was used to carefully begin dissection of the peritoneum down around the base of the gallbladder. The triangle of Calot was carefully opened up. The cystic duct was identified heading up into the base of the gallbladder. The cystic artery was also identified within the triangle of Calot. After the triangle of Calot had been carefully dissected, a clip was then placed high up on the cystic duct near its junction with the gallbladder. The cystic artery was clipped twice proximally and once distally. Scissors were then introduced and used to make a small ductotomy in the cystic duct, and the cystic artery was divided. An intraoperative cholangiogram was obtained. This revealed good flow through the cystic duct and into the common bile duct. There was good flow into the duodenum without any filling defects. The hepatic radicals were clearly visualized. The cholangiocatheter was removed, and two clips were then placed distal to the ductotomy on the cystic duct. The cystic duct was then divided using scissors. The gallbladder was then removed up away from the liver bed using electrocautery. The gallbladder was easily removed through the epigastric port site. The liver bed was then irrigated and suctioned. All dissection areas were inspected. They were hemostatic. There was not any bile leakage. All clips were in place. The right gutter up over the edge of the liver was likewise irrigated and suctioned until dry. All ports were then removed under direct vision. The abdominal cavity was allowed to deflate. The fascia at the epigastric port site was closed with a stitch of 2-0 Vicryl. The fascia at the umbilical port was closed by tying the previously placed stitch. All skin incisions were then closed with subcuticular sutures of 4-0 Monocryl and 0.25% Marcaine with epinephrine was infiltrated into all port sites. The patient tolerated the procedure well. The patient is currently being aroused from general endotracheal anesthesia. I was present during the entire case. | gastroenterology, laparoscopic, calot, ochsner clamps, additional ports, cholangiogram, cholecystectomy, cystic duct, duodenum, epigastric, fascia, gallbladder, infraumbilical skin incision, infundibulum, pneumoperitoneum, triangle of calot, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, liver bed, epigastric port, port site, cystic artery, triangle, port, duct, cysticNOTE,: Thesetranscribed medical transcription sample reports and examples are provided by various users andare for reference purpose only. MTHelpLine does not certify accuracy and quality of sample reports.These transcribed medical transcription sample reports may include some uncommon or unusual formats;this would be due to the preference of the dictating physician. All names and dates have beenchanged (or removed) to keep confidentiality. Any resemblance of any type of name or date orplace or anything else to real world is purely incidental., |
3,507 | Appendicitis. Laparoscopic appendectomy. CO2 insufflation was done to a maximum pressure of 15 mmHg and a 12-mm VersaStep port was placed through his umbilicus. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Appendectomy - 3 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Appendicitis. ,PROCEDURE: , Laparoscopic appendectomy. ,ANESTHESIA: , General with endotracheal intubation. ,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: ,The patient was taken to the operating room and placed supine on the operating room table. General anesthesia was administered with endotracheal intubation. His abdomen was prepped and draped in a standard, sterile surgical fashion. A Foley catheter was placed for bladder decompression. Marcaine was injected into his umbilicus. A small incision was made. A Veress needle was introduced in his abdomen. CO2 insufflation was done to a maximum pressure of 15 mmHg and a 12-mm VersaStep port was placed through his umbilicus. A 5-mm port was then placed just to the right side of the umbilicus. Another 5-mm port was placed just suprapubic in the midline. Upon inspection of the cecum, I was able find an inflamed and indurated appendix. I was able to clear the mesentery at the base of the appendix between the appendix and the cecum. I fired a white load stapler across the appendix at its base and fired a grey load stapler across the mesentery, and thereby divided the mesentery and freed the appendix. I put the appendix in an Endocatch bag and removed it through the umbilicus. I irrigated out the abdomen. I then closed the fascia of the umbilicus with interrupted 0 Vicryl suture utilizing Carter-Thomason and closed the skin of all incisions with a running Monocryl. Sponge, instrument, and needle counts were correct at the end of the case. The patient tolerated the procedure well without any complications. | gastroenterology, foley catheter, co2 insufflation, endotracheal intubation, laparoscopic appendectomy, appendectomy, intubation, cecum, laparoscopic, appendicitis, endotracheal, abdomen, mesentery, umbilicus, appendix, |
3,508 | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 2 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1. Cholelithiasis.,2. Chronic cholecystitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1. Cholelithiasis.,2. Chronic cholecystitis.,NAME OF OPERATION: , Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,ANESTHESIA:, General.,FINDINGS:, The gallbladder was thickened and showed evidence of chronic cholecystitis. There was a great deal of inflammatory reaction around the cystic duct. The cystic duct was slightly larger. There was a stone impacted in the cystic duct with the gallbladder. The gallbladder contained numerous stones which were small. With the stone impacted in the cystic duct, it was felt that probably none were within the common duct. Other than rather marked obesity, no other significant findings were noted on limited exploration of the abdomen.,PROCEDURE:, Under general anesthesia after routine prepping and draping, the abdomen was insufflated with the Veress needle, and the standard four trocars were inserted uneventfully. Inspection was made for any entry problems, and none were encountered.,After limited exploration, the gallbladder was then retracted superiorly and laterally, and the cystic duct was dissected out. This was done with some difficulty due to the fibrosis around the cystic duct, but care was taken to avoid injury to the duct and to the common duct. In this manner, the cystic duct and cystic artery were dissected out. Care was taken to be sure that the duct that was identified went into the gallbladder and was the cystic duct. The cystic duct and cystic artery were then doubly clipped and divided, taking care to avoid injury to the common duct. The gallbladder was then dissected free from the gallbladder bed. Again, the gallbladder was somewhat adherent to the gallbladder bed due to previous inflammatory reaction. The gallbladder was dissected free from the gallbladder bed utilizing the endo shears and the cautery to control bleeding. The gallbladder was extracted through the operating trocar site, and the trocar was reinserted. Inspection was made of the gallbladder bed. One or two bleeding areas were fulgurated, and bleeding was well controlled. | gastroenterology, cholelithiasis chronic, inflammatory reaction, cystic artery, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, common duct, chronic cholecystitis, gallbladder bed, cystic duct, cystic, gallbladder, duct, inflammatory |
3,509 | Standard Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Operative Note. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy | The patient's abdomen was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion. A subumbilical skin incision was made. The Veress needle was inserted, and the patient's abdominal cavity was insufflated with moderate pressure all times. A subumbilical trocar was inserted. The camera was inserted in the panoramic view. The abdomen demonstrated some inflammation around the gallbladder. A 10-mm midepigastric trocar was inserted. A. 2 mm and 5 mm trocars were inserted. The most lateral trocar grasping forceps was inserted and grasped the fundus of the gallbladder and placed in tension at liver edge.,Using the dissector, the cystic duct was identified and double Hemoclips were invited well away from the cystic-common duct junction. The cystic artery was identified and double Hemoclips applied. The gallbladder was taken down from the liver bed using Endoshears and electrocautery. Hemostasis was obtained. The gallbladder was removed from the midepigastric trocar site without difficulty. The trocars were removed and the skin incisions were reapproximated using 4-0 Monocryl. Steri-Strips and sterile dressing were placed. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was taken to the recovery room in stable condition. | gastroenterology, gallbladder, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, midepigastric trocar, double hemoclips, laparoscopic, cholecystectomy, midepigastric, trocars, hemoclips, trocarNOTE,: Thesetranscribed medical transcription sample reports and examples are provided by various users andare for reference purpose only. MTHelpLine does not certify accuracy and quality of sample reports.These transcribed medical transcription sample reports may include some uncommon or unusual formats;this would be due to the preference of the dictating physician. All names and dates have beenchanged (or removed) to keep confidentiality. Any resemblance of any type of name or date orplace or anything else to real world is purely incidental., |
3,510 | Acute appendicitis with perforation. Laparoscopic appendectomy. A CT scan of abdomen showed evidence of appendicitis with perforation. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Appendectomy - 4 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Acute appendicitis with perforation.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: ,Acute appendicitis with perforation.,ANESTHESIA:, General.,PROCEDURE: , Laparoscopic appendectomy.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE: , The patient is a 4-year-old little boy, who has been sick for several days and was seen in our Emergency Department yesterday where a diagnosis of possible constipation was made, but he was sent home with a prescription for polyethylene glycol but became more acutely ill and returned today with tachycardia, high fever and signs of peritonitis. A CT scan of his abdomen showed evidence of appendicitis with perforation. He was evaluated in the Emergency Department and placed on the appendicitis critical pathway for this acute appendicitis process. He required several boluses of fluid for tachycardia and evidence of dehydration.,I met with Carlos' parents and talked to them about the diagnosis of appendicis and surgical risks, benefits, and alternative treatment options. All their questions have been answered and they agree with the surgical plan.,OPERATIVE FINDINGS: , The patient had acute perforated appendicitis with diffuse suppurative peritonitis including multiple intraloop abscesses and purulent debris in all quadrants of the abdomen including the perihepatic and subphrenic recesses as well.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient came to the operating room and had an uneventful induction of general anesthesia. A Foley catheter was placed for decompression, and his abdomen was prepared and draped in a standard fashion. A 0.25% Marcaine was infiltrated in the soft tissues around his umbilicus and in the suprapubic and left lower quadrant locations chosen for trocar insertion. We conducted our surgical timeout and reiterated all of Carlos' unique and important identifying information and confirmed the diagnosis of appendicitis and planned laparoscopic appendectomy as the procedure. A 1-cm vertical infraumbilical incision was made and an open technique was used to place a 12-mm Step trocar through the umbilical fascia. CO2 was insufflated to a pressure of 15 mmHg and then two additional 5-mm working ports were placed in areas that had been previously anesthetized.,There was a lot of diffuse purulent debris and adhesions between the omentum and adjacent surfaces of the bowel and the parietal peritoneum. After these were gently separated, we began to identify the appendix. In the __________ due to the large amount of small bowel dilatation and distension, I used the hook cautery with the lowest intraperitoneal __________ profile to coagulate the mesoappendix. The base of the appendix was then ligated with 2-0 PDS Endoloops, and the appendix was amputated and withdrawn through the umbilical port. I spent the next 10 minutes irrigating purulent fluid and debris from the peritoneal cavity using 2 L of sterile crystalloid solution and a suction power irrigation system. When this was complete, the CO2 was released one final time and as much of the fluid was drained from the peritoneal cavity as possible. The umbilical fascia was closed with figure-of-eight suture of 0 Monocryl and the skin incisions were closed with subcuticular 5-0 Monocryl and Steri-Strips. The patient tolerated the operation well. He was awakened and taken to the recovery room in satisfactory condition. His blood loss was less than 10 mL, and he received only crystalloid fluid during the procedure. | gastroenterology, adhesions, peritoneum, purulent debris, umbilical fascia, peritoneal cavity, laparoscopic appendectomy, appendectomy, constipation, purulent, debris, umbilical, appendix, abdomen, laparoscopic, perforation, appendicitis, |
3,511 | Chronic cholecystitis without cholelithiasis. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy - 3 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Chronic cholecystitis without cholelithiasis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: ,Chronic cholecystitis without cholelithiasis.,PROCEDURE: , Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,BRIEF DESCRIPTION: , The patient was brought to the operating room and anesthesia was induced. The abdomen was prepped and draped and ports were placed. The gallbladder was grasped and retracted. The cystic duct and cystic artery were circumferentially dissected and a critical view was obtained. The cystic duct and cystic artery were then doubly clipped and divided and the gallbladder was dissected off the liver bed with electrocautery and placed in an endo catch bag. The gallbladder fossa and clips were examined and looked good with no evidence of bleeding or bile leak. The ports were removed under direct vision with good hemostasis. The Hasson was removed. The abdomen was desufflated. The gallbladder in its endo catch bag was removed. The ports were closed. The patient tolerated the procedure well. Please see full hospital dictation. | gastroenterology, chronic cholecystitis without cholelithiasis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, cystic duct, cystic artery, endo catch, chronic cholecystitis, laparoscopic, cholecystectomy, abdomen, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, gallbladder, cystic |
3,512 | Laparoscopic appendectomy. The patient is a 42-year-old female who presented with right lower quadrant pain. She was evaluated and found to have a CT evidence of appendicitis. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Appendectomy - 5 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Appendicitis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Laparoscopic appendectomy.,ANESTHESIA: , General endotracheal.,INDICATION FOR OPERATION: , The patient is a 42-year-old female who presented with right lower quadrant pain. She was evaluated and found to have a CT evidence of appendicitis. She was subsequently consented for a laparoscopic appendectomy.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , After informed consent was obtained, the patient was brought to the operating room, placed supine on the table. The abdomen was prepared and draped in usual sterile fashion. After the induction of satisfactory general endotracheal anesthesia, supraumbilical incision was made. A Veress needle was inserted. Abdomen was insufflated to 15 mmHg. A 5-mm port and camera placed. The abdomen was visually explored. There were no obvious abnormalities. A 15-mm port was placed in the suprapubic position in addition of 5 mm was placed in between the 1st two. Blunt dissection was used to isolate the appendix. Appendix was separated from surrounding structures. A window was created between the appendix and the mesoappendix. GIA stapler was tossed across it and fired. Mesoappendix was then taken with 2 fires of the vascular load on the GIA stapler. Appendix was placed in an Endobag and removed from the patient. Right lower quadrant was copiously irrigated. All irrigation fluids were removed. Hemostasis was verified. The 15-mm port was removed and the port site closed with 0-Vicryl in the Endoclose device. All other ports were irrigated, infiltrated with 0.25% Marcaine and closed with 4-0 Vicryl subcuticular sutures. Steri-Strips and sterile dressings were applied. Overall, the patient tolerated this well, was awakened and returned to recovery in good condition. | gastroenterology, gia stapler, laparoscopic appendectomy, appendectomy, endotracheal, mesoappendix, laparoscopic, appendicitis, appendix |
3,513 | Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Acute cholecystitis, status post laparoscopic cholecystectomy, end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, congestive heart failure, skin lymphoma 5 years ago, and hypothyroidism. | Gastroenterology | Lap Chole - Discharge Summary | PROCEDURE:, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,DISCHARGE DIAGNOSES:,1. Acute cholecystitis.,2. Status post laparoscopic cholecystectomy.,3. End-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.,4. Hyperlipidemia.,5. Hypertension.,6. Congestive heart failure.,7. Skin lymphoma 5 years ago.,8. Hypothyroidism.,HOSPITAL COURSE: , This is a 78-year-old female with past medical condition includes hypertension, end-stage renal disease, hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism, and skin lymphoma who had a left AV fistula done about 3 days ago by Dr. X and the patient went later on home, but started having epigastric pain and right upper quadrant pain and mid abdominal pain, some nauseated feeling, and then she could not handle the pain, so came to the emergency room, brought by the family. The patient's initial assessment, the patient's vital signs were stable, showed temperature 97.9, pulse was 106, and blood pressure was 156/85. EKG was not available and ultrasound of the abdomen showed there is a renal cyst about 2 cm. There is sludge in the gallbladder wall versus a stone in the gallbladder wall. Thickening of the gallbladder wall with positive Murphy sign. She has a history of cholecystitis. Urine shows positive glucose, but negative for nitrite and creatinine was 7.1, sodium 131, potassium was 5.2, and lipase and amylase were normal. So, the patient admitted to the Med/Surg floor initially and the patient was started on IV fluid as well as low-dose IV antibiotic and 2-D echocardiogram and EKG also was ordered. The patient also had history of CHF in the past and recently had some workup done. The patient does not remember initially. Surgical consult also requested and blood culture and urine culture also ordered. The same day, the patient was seen by Dr. Y and the patient should need cholecystectomy, but the patient also needs dialysis and also needs to be cleared by the cardiologist, so the patient later on seen by Dr. Z and cleared the patient for the surgery with moderate risk and the patient underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patient also seen by nephrologist and underwent dialysis. The patient's white count went down 6.1, afebrile. On postop day #1, the patient started eating and also walking. The patient also had chronic bronchitis. The patient was later on feeling fine, discussed with surgery. The patient was then able to discharge to home and follow with the surgeon in about 3-5 days. Discharged home with Synthroid 0.5 mg 1 tablet p.o. daily, Plavix 75 mg p.o. daily, folic acid 1 mg p.o. daily, Diovan 80 mg p.o. daily, Renagel 2 tablets 800 mg p.o. twice a day, Lasix 40 mg p.o. 2 tablets twice a day, lovastatin 20 mg p.o. daily, Coreg 3.125 mg p.o. twice a day, nebulizer therapy every 3 hours as needed, also Phenergan 25 mg p.o. q.8 hours for nausea and vomiting, Pepcid 20 mg p.o. daily, Vicodin 1 tablet p.o. q.6 hours p.r.n. as needed, and Levaquin 250 mg p.o. every other day for the next 5 days. The patient also had Premarin that she was taking, advised to discontinue because of increased risk of heart disease and stroke explained to the patient. Discharged home. | gastroenterology, end-stage renal disease, lymphoma, cholecystitis, congestive heart failure, skin lymphoma, gallbladder wall, laparoscopic cholecystectomy |
3,514 | Ruptured appendicitis. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Appendectomy - 1 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Acute appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Ruptured appendicitis.,PROCEDURE:, Laparoscopic appendectomy.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE:, This patient is a 4-year-old boy with less than 24-hour history of apparent right lower quadrant abdominal pain associated with vomiting and fevers. The patient has elevated white count on exam and CT scan consistent with acute appendicitis.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The patient was taken to the operating room, placed supine, put under general endotracheal anesthesia. The patient's abdomen was prepped and draped in usual sterile fashion. A periumbilical incision was made. The fascia was incised. Peritoneal cavity entered bluntly. A 10-mm trocar and scope was passed. Peritoneal cavity was insufflated. Five-mm ports placed in left lower and hypogastric areas. On visualization of the right lower quadrant, appendix was visualized stuck against the right anterior abdominal wall, there is obvious site of perforation and leakage of content and pus. We proceeded to take the mesoappendix down to the base, and once the base was free, we placed GIA stapler across the base, fired the stapler, removed the appendix through the periumbilical port site. We irrigated and suctioned out the right lower and pelvic areas. We then removed the ports under direct visualization, closed the periumbilical port site fascia with 0 Vicryl, all skin incisions with 5-0 Monocryl, and dressed with Steri-Strips. The patient was extubated in the operating table and taken back to recovery room. The patient tolerated the procedure well. | gastroenterology, ruptured appendicitis, acute appendicitis, laparoscopic appendectomy, laparoscopic, ruptured, abdominal, peritoneal, periumbilical, appendicitis, appendectomy, |
3,515 | Repair of juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm with 14 mm Hemashield tube graft. | Gastroenterology | Juxtarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: Large juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: Large juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm.,ANESTHESIA: General endotracheal anesthesia.,OPERATIVE TIME: Three hours.,ANESTHESIA TIME: Four hours.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: After thorough preoperative evaluation, the patient was brought to the operating room and placed on the operating table in supine position and after placement of upper extremity IV access and radial A-line, general endotracheal anesthesia was induced. A Foley catheter was placed and a right internal jugular central line was placed. The chest, abdomen, both groin, and perineum were prepped widely with Betadine and draped as a sterile field with an Ioban drape. A long midline incision from xiphoid to pubis was created with a scalpel and the abdomen was carefully entered. A sterile Omni-Tract was introduced into the field to retract the abdominal wall and gentle exploration of the abdomen was performed. With the exception of the vascular findings to be described, there were no apparent intra-abdominal abnormalities.,The transverse colon retracted superiorly. The small bowel was wrapped in moist green towel and retracted in the right upper quadrant. The posterior peritoneum overlying the aneurysm was scribed mobilizing the ligament of Treitz thoroughly ligating and dividing the inferior mesenteric vein. Dissection continued superiorly to identify the left renal vein and the right and left inferior renal arteries. The mid left renal artery was likewise identified. The perirenal aorta was prepared for clamp superior to the inferior left renal artery. During this portion of the dissection, the patient was given multiple small doses of intravenous mannitol to establish an osmotic diuresis. The distal dissection was then completed exposing each common iliac artery. The arteries were suitable for control.,The patient was then given 8000 units of intravenous sodium heparin and systemic anticoagulation verified by activated clotting time. The aneurysm was repaired.,First, the common carotid arteries were controlled with atraumatic clamps. The inferior left renal artery was controlled with a microvascular clamp and a straight aortic clamp was used to control the aorta superior to this renal artery. The aneurysm was opened on the right anterior lateral aspect and an endarterectomy of the aneurysm sac was performed. There was a high-grade stenosis at the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery and an eversion endarterectomy was performed at this site. The vessel was controlled with a microvascular clamp. Two pairs of lumbar arteries were oversewn with 2-0 silk. A 14 mm Hemashield tube graft was selected and sewn end-to-end fashion to the proximal aorta using a semi continuous 3-0 Prolene suture. At the completion of anastomosis three patch stitches of 3-0 Prolene were required for hemostasis. The graft was cut to appropriate length and sewn end-to-end at the iliac bifurcation using semi-continuous 3-0 Prolene suture. Prior to completion of this anastomosis, the graft was flushed of air and debris and blood flow was reestablished slowly to the distal native circulation first to the pelvis with external compression on the femoral vessels and finally to the distal native circulation. The distal anastomosis was competent without leak.,The patient was then given 70 mg of intravenous protamine and final hemostasis obtained using electrocoagulation. The back bleeding from the inferior mesenteric artery was assessed and was pulsatile and vigorous. The colon was normal in appearance and this vessel was oversewn using 2-0 silk. The aneurysm sac was then closed about the grafts snuggly using 3-0 PDS in a vest-over-pants fashion. The posterior peritoneum was reapproximated using running 3-0 PDS. The entire large and small bowel were inspected and these structures were well perfused with a strong pulse within the SMA normal appearance of the entire viscera. The NG tube was positioned in the fundus of the stomach and the viscera returned to their anatomic location. The midline fascia was then reapproximated using running #1 PDS suture. The subcutaneous tissues were irrigated with bacitracin and kanamycin solution. The skin edges coapted using surgical staples.,At the conclusion of the case, sponge and needle counts were correct and a sterile occlusive compressive dressing was applied. | gastroenterology, inferior left renal artery, semi continuous prolene suture, juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm, inferior mesenteric artery, continuous prolene suture, abdominal aortic aneurysm, hemashield tube, inferior mesenteric, renal artery, aortic aneurysm, aneurysm, iliac, endarterectomy, viscera, hemashield, abdomen, prolene, arteries, juxtarenal, graft, aortic, endotracheal, renal, artery, |
3,516 | Appendicitis. Laparoscopic appendectomy. Infraumbilical incision was performed and taken down to the fascia. The fascia was incised. The peritoneal cavity was carefully entered. Two other ports were placed in the right and left lower quadrants. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Appendectomy - 2 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Appendicitis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Laparoscopic appendectomy.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:, Minimal.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , The patient was prepped and draped in sterile fashion. Infraumbilical incision was performed and taken down to the fascia. The fascia was incised. The peritoneal cavity was carefully entered. Two other ports were placed in the right and left lower quadrants. The appendix was readily identified, and the base of the appendix as well as the mesoappendix was divided with the Endo GIA stapler and brought out through the umbilical wound with the Endocatch bag.,All hemostasis was further reconfirmed. No leakage of enteral contents was noted. All trocars were removed under direct visualization. The umbilical fascia was closed with interrupted 0 Vicryl sutures. The skin was closed with 4-0 Monocryl subcuticular stitch and dressed with Steri-Strips and 4 x 4's. The patient was extubated and taken to the recovery area in stable condition. The patient tolerated the procedure well. | gastroenterology, mesoappendix, endocatch, laparoscopic appendectomy, appendix, umbilical, laparoscopic, appendectomy, appendicitis, fascia, infraumbilical |
3,517 | Laparoscopic appendectomy. Acute appendicitis. | Gastroenterology | Laparoscopic Appendectomy | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Acute appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Acute appendicitis.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE:, Laparoscopic appendectomy.,INTRAOPERATIVE FINDINGS: , Include inflamed, non-perforated appendix.,OPERATIVE NOTE: ,The patient was seen by me in the preoperative holding area. The risks of the procedure were explained. She was taken to the operating room and given perioperative antibiotics prior to coming to the surgery. General anesthesia was carried out without difficulty and a Foley catheter was inserted. The left arm was tucked and the abdomen was prepped with Betadine and draped in sterile fashion. A 5-mm blunt port was inserted infra-umbilically at the level of the umbilicus under direct vision of a 5-mm 0-degree laparoscope. Once we were inside the abdominal cavity, CO2 was instilled to attain an adequate pneumoperitoneum. A left lower quadrant 5-mm port was placed under direct vision and a 12-mm port in the suprapubic region. The 5-mm scope was introduced at the umbilical port and the appendix was easily visualized. The base of the cecum was acutely inflamed but not perforated. I then was easily able to grasp the mesoappendix and create a window between the base of the mesoappendix and the base of the appendix. The window is big enough to get an Endo GIA blue cartridge through it and fired across the base of the mesoappendix without difficulty. I reloaded with a red vascular cartridge, came across the mesoappendix without difficulty. I then placed the appendix in an Endobag and brought out through the suprapubic port without difficulty. I reinserted the suprapubic port and irrigated out the right lower quadrant until dry. One final inspection revealed no bleeding from the staple line. We then removed all ports under direct vision, and there was no bleeding from the abdominal trocar sites. The pneumoperitoneum was then deflated and the suprapubic fascial defect was closed with 0-Vicryl suture. The skin incision was injected with 0.25% Marcaine and closed with 4-0 Monocryl suture. Steri-strips and sterile dressings were applied. No complications. Minimal blood loss. Specimen is the appendix. Brought to the recovery room in stable condition. | gastroenterology, appendix, endobag, laparoscopic appendectomy, acute appendicitis, appendectomy, umbilically, abdominal, pneumoperitoneum, laparoscopic, appendicitis, suprapubic, mesoappendix, |
3,518 | Pneumatosis coli in the cecum. Possible ischemic cecum with possible metastatic disease, bilateral hydronephrosis on atrial fibrillation, aspiration pneumonia, chronic alcohol abuse, acute renal failure, COPD, anemia with gastric ulcer. | Gastroenterology | Ischemic Cecum - Consult | REASON FOR CONSULTATION: , Pneumatosis coli in the cecum.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: ,The patient is an 87-year-old gentleman who was admitted on 10/27/07 with weakness and tiredness with aspiration pneumonia. The patient is very difficult to obtain information from; however, he appears to be having frequent nausea and vomiting with an aspiration pneumonia and abdominal discomfort. In addition, this hospitalization, he has undergone an upper endoscopy, which found a small ulcer after dropping his hematocrit and becoming anemic. He had a CT scan on Friday, 11/02/07, which apparently showed pneumatosis and his cecum worrisome for ischemic colitis as well as bilateral hydronephrosis and multiple liver lesions, which could be metastatic disease versus cysts. In discussions with the patient, he had multiple bowel movements yesterday and is currently passing flatus and has epigastric pain.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: ,Obtained from the medical chart. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, history of pneumonia, and aspiration pneumonia, osteoporosis, alcoholism, microcytic anemia.,MEDICATIONS: , Per his current medical chart.,ALLERGIES: , NO KNOWN DRUG ALLERGIES.,SOCIAL HISTORY: , The patient had a long history of smoking but quit many years ago. He does have chronic alcohol use.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,GENERAL: A very thin white male who is dyspneic and having difficulty breathing at the moment.,VITAL SIGNS: Afebrile. Heart rate in the 100s to 120s at times with atrial fibrillation. Respiratory rate is 17-20. Blood pressure 130s-150s/60s-70s.,NECK: Soft and supple, full range of motion.,HEART: Regular.,ABDOMEN: Distended with tenderness mainly in the upper abdomen but very difficult to localize due to his difficulty providing information. He does appear to have tenderness but does not have rebound and does not have peritoneal signs.,DIAGNOSTICS: , A CT scan done on 11/02/07 shows pneumatosis in the cecum with an enlarged cecum filled with stool and air fluid levels with chronically dilated small bowel.,ASSESSMENT: , Possible ischemic cecum with possible metastatic disease, bilateral hydronephrosis on atrial fibrillation, aspiration pneumonia, chronic alcohol abuse, acute renal failure, COPD, anemia with gastric ulcer.,PLAN: , The patient appears to have pneumatosis from a CT scan 2 days ago. Nothing was done about it at that time as the patient appeared to not be symptomatic, but he continues to have nausea and vomiting with abdominal pain, but the fact that pneumatosis was found 2 days ago and the patient has survived this long indicates this may be a benign process at the moment, and I would recommend getting a repeat CT scan to assess it further to see if there is worsening of pneumatosis versus resolution to further evaluate the liver lesions and make decisions regarding planning at that time. The patient has frequent desaturations secondary to his aspiration pneumonia, and any surgical procedure or any surgical intervention would certainly require intubation, which would then necessitate long-term ventilator care as he is not someone who would be able to come off of a ventilator very well in his current state. So we will look at the CT scan and make decisions based on the findings as far as that is concerned. | gastroenterology, ischemic cecum, metastatic disease, bilateral hydronephrosis, chronic alcohol abuse, acute renal failure, copd, anemia, gastric ulcer, pneumatosis coli, cecum, aspiration pneumonia, aspiration, ischemic, atrial, metastatic, hydronephrosis, fibrillation, pneumatosis, pneumonia, |
3,519 | Debridement left ischial ulcer. | Gastroenterology | Ischial Ulcer Debridement | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Nonhealing decubitus ulcer, left ischial region? Osteomyelitis, paraplegia, and history of spina bifida.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Nonhealing decubitus ulcer, left ischial region? Osteomyelitis, paraplegia, and history of spina bifida.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: ,Debridement left ischial ulcer.,ANESTHESIA: ,Local MAC.,INDICATIONS:, This is a 27-year-old white male patient, with a history of spina bifida who underwent spinal surgery about two years ago and subsequently he has been paraplegic. The patient has a nonhealing decubitus ulcer in the left ischial region, which is quite deep. It appears to be right down to the bone. MRI shows findings suggestive of osteomyelitis. The patient is being brought to operating room for debridement of this ulcer. Procedure, indication, and risks were explained to the patient. Consent obtained.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: ,The patient was put in right lateral position and left buttock and ischial region was prepped and draped. Examination at this time showed fair amount of chronic granulation tissue and scarred tissue circumferentially as well as the base of this decubitus ulcer. This was sharply excised until bleeding and healthy tissue was obtained circumferentially as well as the base. The ulcer does not appear to be going into the bone itself as there was a covering on the bone, which appears to be quite healthy, normal and bone itself appeared solid.,I did not rongeur the bone. The deeper portion of the excised tissue was also sent for tissue cultures. Hemostasis was achieved with cautery and the wound was irrigated with sterile saline solution and then packed with medicated Kerlix. Sterile dressing was applied. The patient transferred to recovery room in stable condition. | gastroenterology, debridement, ischial ulcer, ischial region, osteomyelitis, paraplegia, spina bifida, decubitus ulcer |
3,520 | Exploratory laparotomy, lysis of adhesions, and right hemicolectomy. Right colon cancer, ascites, and adhesions. | Gastroenterology | Hemicolectomy | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Right colon tumor.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Right colon cancer.,2. Ascites.,3. Adhesions.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,1. Exploratory laparotomy.,2. Lysis of adhesions.,3. Right hemicolectomy.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , Less than 200 cc.,URINE OUTPUT: , 200 cc.,CRYSTALLOIDS GIVEN: , 2700 cc.,INDICATIONS FOR THIS PROCEDURE: ,The patient is a 53-year-old African-American female who presented with near obstructing lesion at the hepatic flexure. The patient underwent a colonoscopy which found this lesion and biopsies were taken proving invasive adenocarcinoma. The patient was NG decompressed preoperatively and was prepared for surgery. The need for removal of the colon cancer was explained at length. The patient was agreeable to proceed with the surgery and signed preoperatively informed consent.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was taken to the Operative Suite and placed in the supine position under general anesthesia per Anesthesia Department and NG and Foley catheters were placed preoperatively. She was given triple antibiotics IV. Due to her near obstructive symptoms, a formal ________ was not performed.,The abdomen was prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion. A midline laparotomy incision was made with a #10 blade scalpel and subcutaneous tissues were separated with electrocautery down to the anterior abdominal fascia. Once divided, the intraabdominal cavity was accessed and bowel was protected as the rest of the abdominal wall was opened in the midline. Extensive fluid was seen upon entering the abdomen, ascites fluid, which was clear straw-colored and this was sampled for cytology. Next, the small bowel was retracted with digital exploration and there was a evidence of hepatic flexure, colonic mass, which was adherent to the surrounding tissues. With mobilization of the colon along the line of Toldt down to the right gutter, the entire ileocecal region up to the transverse colon was mobilized into the field. Next, a window was made 5 inches from the ileocecal valve and a GIA-75 was fired across the ileum. Next, a second GIA device was fired across the proximal transverse colon, just sparring the middle colic artery. The dissection was then carried down along the mesentry, down to the root of the mesentry. Several lymph nodes were sampled carefully, and small radiopaque clips were applied along the base of the mesentry. The mesentry vessels are hemostated and tied with #0-Vicryl suture sequentially, ligated in between. Once this specimen was submitted to pathology, the wound was inspected. There was no evidence of bleeding from any of the suture sites. Next, a side-by-side anastomosis was performed between the transverse colon and the terminal ileum. A third GIA-75 was fired side-by-side and GIA-55 was used to close the anastomosis. A patent anastomosis was palpated. The anastomosis was then protected with a #2-0 Vicryl #0-muscular suture. Next, the mesenteric root was closed with a running #0-Vicryl suture to prevent any chance of internal hernia. The suture sites were inspected and there was no evidence of leakage. Next, the intraabdominal cavity was thoroughly irrigated with sterile saline and the anastomosis was carried into the right lower gutter. Omentum was used to cover the intestines which appeared dilated and indurated from the near obstruction. Next, the abdominal wall was reapproximated and the fascial layer using a two running loop PDS sutures meeting in the middle with good approximation of both the abdominal fascia. Additional sterile saline was used to irrigate the subcutaneous fat and then the skin was closed with sequential sterile staples.,Sterile dressing was applied and the skin was cleansed and the patient was awakened from anesthesia without difficulty and extubated in the Operating Room and she was transferred to Recovery Room in stable condition and will be continued to be monitored on the Telemetry Floor with triple antibiotics and NG decompression., | gastroenterology, colon tumor, ascites, adhesions, lysis of adhesions, exploratory laparotomy, colon cancer, transverse colon, hemicolectomy, laparotomy, |
3,521 | Nausea and abdominal pain after eating - Gall bladder disease - Laparoscopic cholecystectomy scheduled. | Gastroenterology | GI Consultation - 4 | CHIEF COMPLAINT:, Nausea and abdominal pain after eating.,GALL BLADDER HISTORY:, The patient is a 36 year old white female. Patient's complaints are fatty food intolerance, dark colored urine, subjective chills, subjective low-grade fever, nausea and sharp stabbing pain. The patient's symptoms have been present for 3 months. Complaints are relieved with lying on right side and antacids. Prior workup by referring physicians have included abdominal ultrasound positive for cholelithiasis without CBD obstruction. Laboratory studies that are elevated include total bilirubin and elevated WBC.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:, No significant past medical problems.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY:, Diagnostic laparoscopic exam for pelvic pain/adhesions.,ALLERGIES:, No known drug allergies.,CURRENT MEDICATIONS:, No current medications.,OCCUPATIONAL /SOCIAL HISTORY:, Marital status: married. Patient states smoking history of 1 pack per day. Patient quit smoking 1 year ago. Admits to no history of using alcohol. States use of no illicit drugs.,FAMILY MEDICAL HISTORY:, There is no significant, contributory family medical history.,OB GYN HISTORY:, LMP: 5/15/1999. Gravida: 1. Para: 1. Date of last pap smear: 1/15/1998.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:,Cardiovascular: Denies angina, MI history, dysrhythmias, palpitations, murmur, pedal edema, PND, orthopnea, TIA's, stroke, amaurosis fugax.,Pulmonary: Denies cough, hemoptysis, wheezing, dyspnea, bronchitis, emphysema, TB exposure or treatment.,Neurological: Patient admits to symptoms of seizures and ataxia.,Skin: Denies scaling, rashes, blisters, photosensitivity.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,Appearance: Healthy appearing. Moderately overweight.,HEENT: Normocephalic. EOM's intact. PERRLA. Oral pharynx without lesions.,Neck: Neck mobile. Trachea is midline.,Lymphatic: No apparent cervical, supraclavicular, axillary or inguinal adenopathy.,Breast: Normal appearing breasts bilaterally, nipples everted. No nipple discharge, skin changes.,Chest: Normal breath sounds heard bilaterally without rales or rhonchi. No pleural rubs. No scars.,Cardiovascular: Regular heart rate and rhythm without murmur or gallop.,Abdominal: Bowel sounds are high pitched.,Extremities: Lower extremities are normal in color, touch and temperature. No ischemic changes are noted. Range of motion is normal.,Skin: Normal color, temperature, turgor and elasticity; no significant skin lesions.,IMPRESSION DIAGNOSIS: , Gall Bladder Disease. Abdominal Pain.,DISCUSSION:, Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy handout was given to the patient, reviewed with them and questions answered. The patient has given both verbal and written consent for the procedure.,PLAN:, We will proceed with Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy with intraoperative cholangiogram.,MEDICATIONS PRESCRIBED:, | null |
3,522 | A male with known alcohol cirrhosis who presented to the emergency room after an accidental fall in the bathroom. | Gastroenterology | Hepatic Encephalopathy | REASON FOR ADMISSION: , Hepatic encephalopathy.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , The patient is a 51-year-old Native American male with known alcohol cirrhosis who presented to the emergency room after an accidental fall in the bathroom. He said that he was doing fine prior to that and denied having any complaints. He was sitting watching TV and he felt sleepy. So, he went to the bathroom to urinate before going to bed and while he was trying to lift the seat, he tripped and fell and hit his head on the back. His head hit the toilet seat. Then, he started having bleeding and had pain in the area with headache. He did not lose consciousness as far as he can tell. He went and woke up his sister. This happened somewhere between 10:30 and 11 p.m. His sister brought a towel and covered the laceration on the back of his head and called EMS, who came to his house and brought him to the emergency room, where he was found to have a laceration on the back of his head, which was stapled and a CT of the head was obtained and ruled out any acute intracranial pathology. On his lab work, his ammonia was found to be markedly elevated at 106. So, he is being admitted for management of this. He denied having any abdominal pain, change in bowel habits, GI bleed, hematemesis, melena, or hematochezia. He said he has been taking his medicines, but he could not recall those. He denied having any symptoms prior to this fall. He said earlier today he also fell. He also said that this was an accidental fall caused by problem with his walker. He landed on his back at that time, but did not have any back pain afterwards.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:,1. Liver cirrhosis caused by alcohol. This is per the patient.,2. He thinks he is diabetic.,3. History of intracranial hemorrhage. He said it was subdural hematoma. This was traumatic and happened seven years ago leaving him with the right-sided hemiparesis.,4. He said he had a seizure back then, but he does not have seizures now.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY:,1. He has a surgery on his stomach as a child. He does not know the type.,2. Surgery for a leg fracture.,3. Craniotomy seven years ago for an intracranial hemorrhage/subdural hematoma.,MEDICATIONS: , He does not remember his medications except for the lactulose and multivitamins.,ALLERGIES: , Dilantin.,SOCIAL HISTORY: , He lives in Sacaton with his sister. He is separated from his wife who lives in Coolidge. He smokes one or two cigarettes a day. Denies drug abuse. He used to be a heavy drinker, quit alcohol one year ago and does not work currently.,FAMILY HISTORY:, Negative for any liver disease.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:,GENERAL: Denies fever or chills. He said he was in Gilbert about couple of weeks ago for fever and was admitted there for two days. He does not know the details.,ENT: No visual changes. No runny nose. No sore throat.,CARDIOVASCULAR: No syncope, chest pain, or palpitations.,RESPIRATORY: No cough or hemoptysis. No dyspnea.,GI: No abdominal pain. No nausea or vomiting. No GI bleed. History of alcoholic liver disease.,GU: No dysuria, hematuria, frequency, or urgency.,MUSCULOSKELETAL: Denies any acute joint pain or swelling.,SKIN: No new skin rashes or itching.,CNS: Had a seizure many years ago with no recurrences. Left-sided hemiparesis after subdural hematoma from a fight/trauma.,ENDOCRINE: He thinks he has diabetes but does not know if he is on any diabetic treatment.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,VITAL SIGNS: Temperature 97.7, heart rate 83, respiratory rate 18, blood pressure 125/72, and saturation 98% on room air.,GENERAL: The patient is lying in bed, appears comfortable, very pleasant Native American male in no apparent distress.,HEENT: His skull has a scar on the left side from previous surgery. On the back of his head, there is a laceration, which has two staples on. It is still oozing minimally. It is tender. No other traumatic injury is noted. Eyes, pupils react to light. Sclerae anicteric. Nostrils are normal. Oral cavity is clear with no thrush or exudate.,NECK: Supple. Trachea midline. No JVD. No thyromegaly.,LYMPHATICS: No cervical or supraclavicular lymphadenopathy.,LUNGS: Clear to auscultation bilaterally.,HEART: Normal S1 and S2. No murmurs or gallops. Regular rate and rhythm.,ABDOMEN: Soft, distended, nontender. No organomegaly or masses.,LOWER EXTREMITIES: +1 edema bilaterally. Pulses strong bilaterally. No skin ulcerations noted. No erythema.,SKIN: Several spider angiomas noted on his torso and upper extremities consistent with liver cirrhosis.,BACK: No tenderness by exam.,RECTAL: No masses. No abscess. No rectal fissures. Guaiac was performed by me and it was negative.,NEUROLOGIC: He is alert and oriented x2. He is slow to some extent in his response. No asterixis. Right-sided spastic hemiparesis with increased tone, increased reflexes, and weakness. Increased tone noted in upper and lower extremities on the right compared to the left. Deep tendon reflexes are +3 on the right and +2 on the left. Muscle strength is decreased on the right, more pronounced in the lower extremity compared to the upper extremity. The upper extremity is +4/5. Lower extremity is 3/5. The left side has a normal strength. Sensation appears to be intact. Babinski is upward on the right, equivocal on the left.,PSYCHIATRIC: Flat affect. Mood appeared to be appropriate. No active hallucinations or psychotic symptoms.,LABORATORY DATA: | null |
3,523 | Right upper quadrant pain. Nuclear medicine hepatobiliary scan. Radiopharmaceutical 6.9 mCi of Technetium-99m Choletec. | Gastroenterology | Hepatobiliary Scan | NUCLEAR MEDICINE HEPATOBILIARY SCAN,REASON FOR EXAM: , Right upper quadrant pain.,COMPARISONS: ,CT of the abdomen dated 02/13/09 and ultrasound of the abdomen dated 02/13/09.,Radiopharmaceutical 6.9 mCi of Technetium-99m Choletec.,FINDINGS:, Imaging obtained up to 30 minutes after the injection of radiopharmaceutical shows a normal hepatobiliary transfer time. There is normal accumulation within the gallbladder.,After the injection of 2.1 mcg of intravenous cholecystic _______, the gallbladder ejection fraction at 30 minutes was calculated to be 32% (normal is greater than 35%). The patient experienced 2/10 pain at 5 minutes after the injection of the radiopharmaceutical and the patient also complained of nausea.,IMPRESSION:,1. Negative for acute cholecystitis or cystic duct obstruction.,2. Gallbladder ejection fraction just under the lower limits of normal at 32% that can be seen with very mild chronic cholecystitis. | gastroenterology, radiopharmaceutical, gallbladder ejection fraction, nuclear medicine hepatobiliary, hepatobiliary scan, quadrant, nuclear, technetium, choletec, ejection, fraction, cholecystitis, scan, abdomen, injection, gallbladder, hepatobiliary, medicine |
3,524 | Gastrostomy, a 6-week-old with feeding disorder and Down syndrome. | Gastroenterology | Gastrostomy | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Feeding disorder.,2. Down syndrome.,3. Congenital heart disease.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Feeding disorder.,2. Down syndrome.,3. Congenital heart disease.,OPERATION PERFORMED: , Gastrostomy.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,INDICATIONS: ,This 6-week-old female infant had been transferred to Children's Hospital because of Down syndrome and congenital heart disease. She has not been able to feed well and in fact has to now be NG tube fed. Her swallowing mechanism does not appear to be very functional, and therefore, it was felt that in order to aid in her home care that she would be better served with a gastrostomy.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: ,After the induction of general anesthetic, the abdomen was prepped and draped in usual manner. Transverse left upper quadrant incision was made and carried down through skin and subcutaneous tissue with sharp dissection. The muscle was divided and the peritoneal cavity entered. The greater curvature of the stomach was grasped with a Babcock clamp and brought into the operative field. The site for gastrostomy was selected and a pursestring suture of #4-0 Nurolon placed in the gastric wall. A 14-French 0.8 cm Mic-Key tubeless gastrostomy button was then placed into the stomach and the pursestring secured about the tube. Following this, the stomach was returned to the abdominal cavity and the posterior fascia was closed using a #4-0 Nurolon affixing the stomach to the posterior fascia. The anterior fascia was then closed with #3-0 Vicryl, subcutaneous tissue with the same, and the skin closed with #5-0 subcuticular Monocryl. The balloon was inflated to the full 5 mL. A sterile dressing was then applied and the child awakened and taken to the recovery room in satisfactory condition., | gastroenterology, feeding disorder, down syndrome, congenital heart disease, mic-key tubeless, nurolon, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, syndrome, stomach, gastrostomy |
3,525 | GI Consultation for Chrohn's disease. | Gastroenterology | GI Consultation - 3 | PROBLEM: ,Prescription evaluation for Crohn's disease., ,HISTORY: , This is a 46-year-old male who is here for a refill of Imuran. He is taking it at a dose of 100 mg per day. He is status post resection of the terminal ileum and has experienced intermittent obstructive symptoms for the past several years. In fact, he had an episode three weeks ago in which he was seen at the emergency room after experiencing sudden onset of abdominal pain and vomiting. An x-ray was performed, which showed no signs of obstruction per his report. He thinks that the inciting factor of this incident was too many grapes eaten the day before. He has had similar symptoms suggestive of obstruction when eating oranges or other high-residue fruits in the past. The patient's normal bowel pattern is loose stools and this is unchanged recently. He has not had any rectal bleeding. He asks today about a rope-like vein on his anterior right arm that has been a little tender and enlarged after he was in the emergency room and they had difficulty with IV insertion. He has not had any fever, red streaking up the arm, or enlargement of lymph nodes. The tenderness has now completely resolved. , ,He had a colonoscopy performed in August of 2003, by Dr. S. An anastomotic stricture was found at the terminal ileum/cecum junction. Dr. S recommended that if the patient experienced crampy abdominal pain or other symptoms of obstruction, that he may consider balloon dilation. No active Crohn's disease was found during the colonoscopy. , ,Earlier this year, he experienced a non-specific hepatitis with elevation of his liver function tests. At that time he was taking a lot of Tylenol for migraine-type headaches. Under Dr. S's recommendation, he stopped the Imuran for one month and reduced his dose of Tylenol. Since that time his liver enzymes have normalized and he has restarted the Imuran with no problems. , ,He also reports heartburn that is occurring on a slightly more frequent basis than it has in the past. It used to occur once a week only, but has now increased in frequency to twice a week. He takes over-the-counter H2 blockers as needed, as well as Tums. He associates the onset of his symptoms with eating spicy Mexican food., ,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: , Reviewed and unchanged.,ALLERGIES: , No known allergies to medications.,OPERATIONS: , Unchanged.,ILLNESSES: , Crohn's disease, vitamin B12 deficiency.,MEDICATIONS:, Imuran, Nascobal, Vicodin p.r.n., ,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: , Dated 08/04/04 is reviewed and noted. Please see pertinent GI issues as discussed above. Otherwise unremarkable., ,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: , GENERAL: Pleasant male in no acute distress. Well nourished and well developed. SKIN: indurated, cord-like superficial vein on the right anterior forearm, approx. 3 cm in length. Non-tender to palpation. No erythema or red streaking. No edema. LYMPH: No epitrochlear or axillary lymph node enlargement or tenderness on the right side. , ,DATA REVIEWED: Labs from June 8th and July 19th reviewed. Liver function tests normal with AST 14 and ALT 44. WBCs were slightly low at 4.8. Hemoglobin dropped slightly from 14.1 on 6/8 to 12.9 on 7/19. Hematocrit dropped slightly as well from 43.2 on 6/804 to 40.0 on 7/19/04. These results were reviewed by Dr. S and lab results letter sent., ,IMPRESSION: ,1. Crohn's disease, status post terminal ileum resection, on Imuran. Intermittent symptoms of bowel obstruction. Last episode three weeks ago.,2. History of non-specific hepatitis while taking high doses of Tylenol. Now resolved. ,2. Increased frequency of reflux symptoms.,3. Superficial thrombophlebitis, resolving. ,4. Slightly low H&H., ,PLAN: ,1. We discussed Dr. S's recommendation that the patient undergo balloon dilation for recurrent bowel obstruction type symptoms. The patient emphatically states that he does not want to consider dilation at this time. The patient is strongly encouraged to call us when he does experience any obstructive symptoms, including abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or change in bowel habits. He states understanding of this. Advised to maintain low residue diet to avoid obstructions. ,2. Continue with liver panel and ABC every month per Dr. S's instructions.,3. Continue Imuran 100 mg per day.,4. Continue to minimize Tylenol use. The patient is wondering if he can take another type of medication for migraines that is not Tylenol or antiinflammatories or aspirin. Dr. S is consulted and agrees that Imitrex is an acceptable alternative for migraine headaches since he does not have advanced liver disease. The patient will make an appointment with his primary care provider to discuss this further. ,5. Reviewed the importance of prophylactic treatment of reflux-type symptoms. Encouraged the patient to take over-the-counter H2 blockers on a daily basis to prevent symptoms from occurring. The patient will try this and if he remains symptomatic, then he will call our office and a prescription for Zantac 150 mg per day will be provided. Reviewed the potential need for upper endoscopy should his symptoms continue or become more frequent. He does not want to undergo any type of procedure such as that at this time.,6. | null |
3,526 | GI Consultation for chronic abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, abnormal liver function tests. | Gastroenterology | GI Consultation - 2 | PROBLEM: ,Chronic abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, abnormal liver function tests., ,HISTORY: , The patient is a 23-year-old female referred for evaluation due to a chronic history of abdominal pain and extensive work-up for abnormal liver function tests and this chronic nausea and vomiting referred here for further evaluation due to the patient's recent move from Eugene to Portland. The patient is not a great historian. Most of the history is obtained through the old history and chart that the patient has with her. According to what we can make out, she began experiencing nausea, vomiting, recurrent epigastric and right upper quadrant pain in 2001. She was initially seen by Dr. A back in September 2001 for abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. During those times, it was suspected that part of her symptoms may be secondary to biliary disease and underwent a cholecystectomy performed in Oregon by Dr. A in August 2001. It was assumed that this was caused by biliary dyskinesia. Previous to that, an upper endoscopy was performed by Dr. B in July 2001 that showed to be mild gastritis secondary to anti-inflammatory use. Postoperatively she continued to have nausea and vomiting, right upper quadrant abdominal pain and epigastric pain similar to her gallbladder pain in the past. | null |
3,527 | GI Consultation due to rectal bleeding, positive celiac sprue panel | Gastroenterology | GI Consultation - 1 | PROBLEM: ,Rectal bleeding, positive celiac sprue panel.,HISTORY: ,The patient is a 19-year-old Irish-Greek female who ever since elementary school has noted diarrhea, constipation, cramping, nausea, vomiting, bloating, belching, abdominal discomfort, change in bowel habits. She noted that her symptoms were getting increasingly worse and so she went for evaluation and was finally tested for celiac sprue and found to have a positive tissue transglutaminase as well as antiendomysial antibody. She has been on a gluten-free diet for approximately one week now and her symptoms are remarkably improved. She actually has none of these symptoms since starting her gluten-free diet. She has noted intermittent rectal bleeding with constipation, on the toilet tissue. She feels remarkably better after starting a gluten-free diet.,ALLERGIES: , No known drug allergies.,OPERATIONS: , She is status post a tonsillectomy as well as ear tubes.,ILLNESSES: , Questionable kidney stone.,MEDICATIONS: , None.,HABITS: , No tobacco. No ethanol.,SOCIAL HISTORY: , She lives by herself. She currently works in a dental office.,FAMILY HISTORY: , Notable for a mother who is in good health, a father who has joint problems and questionable celiac disease as well. She has two sisters and one brother. One sister interestingly has inflammatory arthritis.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: ,Notable for fever, fatigue, blurred vision, rash and itching; her GI symptoms that were discussed in the HPI are actually resolved in that she started the gluten-free diet. She also notes headaches, anxiety, heat and cold intolerance, excessive thirst and urination. Please see symptoms summary sheet dated April 18, 2005.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: , GENERAL: She is a well-developed pleasant 19 female. She has a blood pressure of 120/80, a pulse of 70, she weighs 170 pounds. She has anicteric sclerae. Pink conjunctivae. PERRLA. ENT: MMM. NECK: Supple. LUNGS: Clear to auscultation. | gastroenterology, bleeding, abdominal discomfort, belching, bloating, bowel, celiac sprue, change in bowel habits, constipation, cramping, diarrhea, gluten-free, nausea, rectal, vomiting, inflammatory arthritis, rectal bleeding, gi, inflammatory, sprue, celiac, gluten, diet, |
3,528 | GI bleed. Upper gastrointestinal bleed. CBC revealed microcytic anemia. | Gastroenterology | GI Bleed - Discharge Summary | CHIEF COMPLAINT:, GI bleed.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:, The patient is an 80-year-old white female with history of atrial fibrillation, on Coumadin, who presented as outpatient, complaining of increasing fatigue. CBC revealed microcytic anemia with hemoglobin of 8.9. Stool dark brown, strongly OB positive. The patient denied any shortness of breath. No chest pain. No GI complaints. The patient was admitted to ABCD for further evaluation.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: ,Significant for atrial fibrillation, hypertension, osteoarthritis of the knees, hypercholesterolemia, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, asthma, and hypothyroidism.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,GENERAL: The patient is in no acute distress.,VITAL SIGNS: Stable.,HEENT: Benign.,NECK: Supple. No adenopathy.,LUNGS: Clear with good air movement.,HEART: Irregularly regular. No gallops.,ABDOMEN: Positive bowel sounds, soft, and nontender. No masses or organomegaly.,EXTREMITIES: 1+ lower extremity edema bilaterally.,HOSPITAL COURSE: , The patient underwent upper endoscopy performed by Dr. A, which revealed erosive gastritis. Colonoscopy did reveal diverticulosis as well as polyp, which was resected. The patient tolerated the procedure well. She was transfused, and prior to discharge hemoglobin was stable at 10.7. The patient was without further GI complaints. Coumadin was held during hospital stay and recommendations were given by GI to hold Coumadin for an additional three days after discharge then resume. The patient was discharged with outpatient PMD, GI, and Cardiology followup.,DISCHARGE DIAGNOSES:,1. Upper gastrointestinal bleed.,2. Anemia.,3. Atrial fibrillation.,4. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.,5. Hypertension.,6. Hypothyroidism.,7. Asthma.,CONDITION UPON DISCHARGE: , Stable.,MEDICATIONS: , Feosol 325 mg daily, multivitamins one daily, Protonix 40 mg b.i.d., KCl 20 mEq daily, Lasix 40 mg b.i.d., atenolol 50 mg daily, Synthroid 80 mcg daily, Actos 30 mg daily, Mevacor 40 mg daily, and lisinopril 20 mg daily.,ALLERGIES:, None.,DIET: , 1800-calorie ADA.,ACTIVITY: , As tolerated.,FOLLOWUP: , The patient to hold Coumadin through weekend. Followup CBC and INR were ordered. Outpatient followup as arranged. | null |
3,529 | Gastroscopy. Dysphagia and globus. No evidence of inflammation or narrowing to explain her symptoms. | Gastroenterology | Gastroscopy - 2 | PROCEDURE:, Gastroscopy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Dysphagia and globus.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Normal.,MEDICATIONS:, MAC.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The Olympus gastroscope was introduced through the oropharynx and passed carefully through the esophagus and stomach, and then through the gastrojejunal anastomosis into the efferent jejunal loop. The preparation was good and all surfaces were well seen. The hypopharynx was normal with no evidence of inflammation. The esophagus had a normal contour and normal mucosa throughout with no sign of stricturing or inflammation or exudate. The GE junction was located at 39 cm from the incisors and appeared normal with no evidence of reflux, damage, or Barrett's. Below this there was a small gastric pouch measuring 6 cm with intact mucosa and no retained food. The gastrojejunal anastomosis was patent measuring about 12 mm, with no inflammation or ulceration. Beyond this there was a side-to-side gastrojejunal anastomosis with a short afferent blind end and a normal efferent end with no sign of obstruction or inflammation. The scope was withdrawn and the patient was sent to recovery room. She tolerated the procedure well.,FINAL DIAGNOSES:,1. Normal post-gastric bypass anatomy.,2. No evidence of inflammation or narrowing to explain her symptoms. | gastroenterology, olympus gastroscope, gastric pouch, gastrojejunal anastomosis, dysphagia, globus, esophagus, mucosa, gastric, gastroscopy, gastrojejunal, inflammation |
3,530 | Dysphagia, possible stricture. Retained gastric contents forming a partial bezoar, suggestive of gastroparesis. | Gastroenterology | Gastroscopy - 1 | PROCEDURE: , Gastroscopy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Dysphagia, possible stricture.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Gastroparesis.,MEDICATION: , MAC.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The Olympus gastroscope was introduced into the hypopharynx and passed carefully through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. The hypopharynx was normal. The esophagus had a normal upper esophageal sphincter, normal contour throughout, and a normal gastroesophageal junction viewed at 39 cm from the incisors. There was no evidence of stricturing or extrinsic narrowing from her previous hiatal hernia repair. There was no sign of reflux esophagitis. On entering the gastric lumen, a large bezoar of undigested food was seen occupying much of the gastric fundus and body. It had 2 to 3 mm diameter. This was broken up using a scope into smaller pieces. There was no retained gastric liquid. The antrum appeared normal and the pylorus was patent. The scope passed easily into the duodenum, which was normal through the second portion. On withdrawal of the scope, additional views of the cardia were obtained, and there was no evidence of any tumor or narrowing. The scope was withdrawn. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the recovery room.,FINAL DIAGNOSES:,1. Normal postoperative hernia repair.,2. Retained gastric contents forming a partial bezoar, suggestive of gastroparesis.,3. Otherwise normal upper endoscopy to the descending duodenum.,RECOMMENDATIONS:,1. Continue proton pump inhibitors.,2. Use Reglan 10 mg three to four times a day. | gastroenterology |
3,531 | Gastroscopy. A short-segment Barrett esophagus, hiatal hernia, and incidental fundic gland polyps in the gastric body; otherwise, normal upper endoscopy to the transverse duodenum. | Gastroenterology | Gastroscopy - 3 | PROCEDURE: , Gastroscopy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Gastroesophageal reflux disease.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Barrett esophagus.,MEDICATIONS: , MAC.,PROCEDURE: , The Olympus gastroscope was introduced into the oropharynx and passed carefully through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum to the transverse duodenum. The preparation was excellent and all surfaces were well seen. The hypopharynx appeared normal. The esophagus had a normal contour and normal mucosa throughout its distance, but at the distal end, there was a moderate-sized hiatal hernia noted. The GE junction was seen at 40 cm and the hiatus was noted at 44 cm from the incisors. Above the GE junction, there were three fingers of columnar epithelium extending cephalad, to a distance of about 2 cm. This appears to be consistent with Barrett esophagus. Multiple biopsies were taken from numerous areas in this region. There was no active ulceration or inflammation and no stricture. The hiatal hernia sac had normal mucosa except for one small erosion at the hiatus. The gastric body had normal mucosa throughout. Numerous small fundic gland polyps were noted, measuring 3 to 5 mm in size with an entirely benign appearance. Biopsies were taken from the antrum to rule out Helicobacter pylori. A retroflex view of the cardia and fundus confirmed the small hiatal hernia and demonstrated no additional lesions. The scope was passed through the pylorus, which was patent and normal. The mucosa throughout the duodenum in the first, second, and third portions was entirely normal. The scope was withdrawn and the patient was sent to the recovery room. He tolerated the procedure well.,FINAL DIAGNOSES:,1. A short-segment Barrett esophagus.,2. Hiatal hernia.,3. Incidental fundic gland polyps in the gastric body.,4. Otherwise, normal upper endoscopy to the transverse duodenum.,RECOMMENDATIONS:,1. Follow up biopsy report.,2. Continue PPI therapy.,3. Follow up with Dr. X as needed.,4. Surveillance endoscopy for Barrett in 3 years (if pathology confirms this diagnosis). | gastroenterology, olympus, gastroscope, barrett, gastroesophageal reflux disease, transverse duodenum, barrett esophagus, hiatal hernia, gastroscopy, endoscopy, hiatal, duodenum, esophagus, hernia, |
3,532 | Gastrointestinal Bleed. An 81-year-old presented to the emergency room after having multiple black tarry stools and a weak spell. She woke yesterday morning had a very dark and smelly bowel movement. | Gastroenterology | Gastrointestinal Bleed - ER Visit | ADMITTING DIAGNOSIS: , Gastrointestinal bleed.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: ,Ms. XYZ is an 81-year-old who presented to the emergency room after having multiple black tarry stools and a weak spell. She states that she woke yesterday morning and at approximately 10:30 had a bowel movement. She noticed it was very dark and smelly. She said she felt okay. She got up. She proceeded to clean her house without any difficulty or problems and then at approximately 2 o'clock in the afternoon she went back to the bathroom at which point she had another large stool and had weak spell felt like she was going to pass out. She is able to get to her phone, called EMS and when the EMS arrived they found her with some blood and some very dark stools. She states that she was perfectly fine up until Monday when she had an incident where at the Southern University where she works where there was an altercation between a dorm resistant and a young male, which ensued. She came to place her call, etc. She said she noticed her stomach was hurting after that, continued to hurt and she took the day off on Tuesday and this happened yesterday. She denies any nausea except for when she got weak. She denies any vomiting or any other symptoms.,ALLERGIES: ,She has no known drug allergies.,CURRENT MEDICATIONS:,1. Lipitor, dose unknown.,2. Paxil, dose unknown.,3. Lasix, dose unknown.,4. Toprol, dose unknown.,5. Diphenhydramine p.r.n.,6. Ibuprofen p.r.n.,7. Daypro p.r.n.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:,1. Non-insulin diabetes mellitus.,2. History of congestive heart failure.,3. History of hypertension.,4. Depression.,5. Arthritis. She states she has not needed any medications and not taken ibuprofen or Daypro recently.,6. Hyperlipidemia.,7. Peptic ulcer disease diagnosed in 2005.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY: , C-section and tonsillectomy.,FAMILY HISTORY: , Her mother had high blood pressure and coronary artery disease.,SOCIAL HISTORY:, She is a nonsmoker. She occasionally has a drink every few weeks. She is divorced. She has 2 sons. She is houseparent at Southern University.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: ,Negative for the last 24 to 48 hours as mentioned in her HPI.,PREVENTIVE CARE: ,She had an EGD done in 09/05 at which point she was diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease and she also had a colonoscopy at that time which revealed two polyps in the transverse colon.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,VITAL SIGNS: Currently was stable. She is afebrile.,GENERAL: She is alert, pleasant in no acute distress. She does complain of some dizziness when she stands up.,HEENT: Pupils equal, round and reactive to light. Extraocular muscles intact. Sclerae clear. Oropharynx is clear.,NECK: Supple. Full range of motion.,CARDIOVASCULAR: She is slightly tachycardic but otherwise normal.,LUNGS: Clear bilaterally.,ABDOMEN: Soft, nontender, and nondistended. She has no hepatomegaly.,EXTREMITIES: No clubbing, cyanosis, only trace edema.,LABORATORY DATA UPON ADMISSION:, Her initial chem panel was within normal limits. Her PT and PTT were normal. Her initial hematocrit was 31.2 subsequently dropped to 26.9 and 25.6. She is currently administered transfusion. Platelet count was 125. Her chem panel actually showed an elevated BUN of 16, creatinine of 1.7. PT and PTT were normal. Cardiac enzymes were negative and initial hemoglobin was 10.6 with hematocrit of 31.2 that subsequently fell to 25.6 and she is currently receiving blood.,IMPRESSION AND PLAN:,1. Gastrointestinal bleed. | null |
3,533 | Followup of laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy. Laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy was done because of the need for enteral feeding access. | Gastroenterology | Fundoplication & Gastrostomy Followup | REASON FOR VISIT: , Followup of laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , The patient is a delightful baby girl, who is now nearly 8 months of age and had a tracheostomy for subglottic stenosis. Laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy was done because of the need for enteral feeding access and to protect her airway at a time when it is either going to heal enough to improve and allow decannulation or eventually prove that she will need laryngotracheoplasty. Dr. X is following The patient for this and currently plans are to perform a repeat endoscopic exam every couple of months to assist the status of her airway caliber.,The patient had a laparoscopic fundoplication and gastrostomy on 10/05/2007. She has done well since that time. She has had some episodes of retching intermittently and these seemed to be unpredictable. She also had some diarrhea and poor feeding tolerance about a week ago but that has also resolved. The patient currently takes about 1 ounce to 1.5 ounce of her feedings by mouth and the rest is given by G-tube. She seems otherwise happy and is not having an excessive amount of stools. Her parents have not noted any significant problems with the gastrostomy site.,The patient's exam today is excellent. Her belly is soft and nontender. All of her laparoscopic trocar sites are healing with a normal amount of induration, but there is no evidence of hernia or infection. We removed The patient's gastrostomy button today and showed her parents how to reinsert one without difficulty. The site of the gastrostomy is excellent. There is not even a hint of granulation tissue or erythema, and I am very happy with the overall appearance.,IMPRESSION: , The patient is doing exceptionally well status post laparoscope fundoplication and gastrostomy. Hopefully, the exquisite control of acid reflux by fundoplication will help her airway heal, and if she does well, allow decannulation in the future. If she does require laryngotracheoplasty, the protection from acid reflux will be important to healing of that procedure as well.,PLAN: ,The patient will follow up as needed for problems related to gastrostomy. We will see her when she comes in the hospital for endoscopic exams and possibly laryngotracheoplasty in the future. | gastroenterology, decannulation, enteral feeding, feeding access, laparoscopic fundoplication, gastrostomy, airway, laryngotracheoplasty, laparoscopic, fundoplication, |
3,534 | Acute gastroenteritis, resolved. Gastrointestinal bleed and chronic inflammation of the mesentery of unknown etiology. | Gastroenterology | Gastroenteritis - Discharge Summary | ADMITTING DIAGNOSES,1. Acute gastroenteritis.,2. Nausea.,3. Vomiting.,4. Diarrhea.,5. Gastrointestinal bleed.,6. Dehydration.,DISCHARGE DIAGNOSES,1. Acute gastroenteritis, resolved.,2. Gastrointestinal bleed and chronic inflammation of the mesentery of unknown etiology.,BRIEF H&P AND HOSPITAL COURSE: , This patient is a 56-year-old male, a patient of Dr. X with 25-pack-year history, also a history of diabetes type 2, dyslipidemia, hypertension, hemorrhoids, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and a left lower lobe calcified granuloma that apparently is stable at this time. This patient presented with periumbilical abdominal pain with nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for the past 3 days and four to five watery bowel movements a day with symptoms progressively getting worse. The patient was admitted into the ER and had trop x1 done, which was negative and ECG showed to be of normal sinus rhythm.,Lab findings initially presented with a hemoglobin of 13.1, hematocrit of 38.6 with no elevation of white count. Upon discharge, his hemoglobin and hematocrit stayed at 10.9 and 31.3 and he was still having stool guaiac positive blood, and a stool study was done which showed few white blood cells, negative for Clostridium difficile and moderate amount of occult blood and moderate amount of RBCs. The patient's nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea did resolve during his hospital course. Was placed on IV fluids initially and on hospital day #2 fluids were discontinued and was started on clear liquid diet and diet was advanced slowly, and the patient was able to tolerate p.o. well. The patient also denied any abdominal pain upon day of discharge. The patient was also started on prednisone as per GI recommendations. He was started on 60 mg p.o. Amylase and lipase were also done which were normal and LDH and CRP was also done which are also normal and LFTs were done which were also normal as well.,PLAN: , The plan is to discharge the patient home. He can resume his home medications of Prandin, Actos, Lipitor, Glucophage, Benicar, and Advair. We will also start him on a tapered dose of prednisone for 4 weeks. We will start him on 15 mg p.o. for seven days. Then, week #2, we will start him on 40 mg for 1 week. Then, week #3, we will start him on 30 mg for 1 week, and then, 20 mg for 1 week, and then finally we will stop. He was instructed to take tapered dose of prednisone for 4 weeks as per the GI recommendations. | gastroenterology, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, gastrointestinal bleed, mesentery, hemoglobin, hematocrit, gastrointestinal, periumbilical, gastroenteritis, hemorrhoids |
3,535 | Pediatric Gastroenterology - History of gagging. | Gastroenterology | Gagging - 3-year-old | HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , This is a 3-year-old female patient, who was admitted today with a history of gagging. She was doing well until about 2 days ago, when she developed gagging. No vomiting. No fever. She has history of constipation. She normally passes stool every two days after giving an enema. No rectal bleeding. She was brought to the Hospital with some loose stool. She was found to be dehydrated. She was given IV fluid bolus, but then she started bleeding from G-tube site. There was some fresh blood coming out of the G-tube site. She was transferred to PICU. She is hypertensive. Intensivist Dr. X requested me to come and look at her, and do upper endoscopy to find the site of bleeding.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: , PEHO syndrome, infantile spasm, right above knee amputation, developmental delay, G-tube fundoplication.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY: , G-tube fundoplication on 05/25/2007. Right above knee amputation.,ALLERGIES:, None.,DIET: , She is NPO now, but at home she is on PediaSure 4 ounces 3 times a day through G-tube, 12 ounces of water per day.,MEDICATIONS: , Albuterol, Pulmicort, MiraLax 17 g once a week, carnitine, phenobarbital, Depakene and Reglan.,FAMILY HISTORY:, Positive for cancer.,PAST LABORATORY EVALUATION: , On 12/27/2007; WBC 9.3, hemoglobin 7.6, hematocrit 22.1, platelet 132,000. KUB showed large stool with dilated small and large bowel loops. Sodium 140, potassium 4.4, chloride 89, CO2 21, BUN 61, creatinine 2, AST 92 increased, ALT 62 increased, albumin 5.3, total bilirubin 0.1. Earlier this morning, she had hemoglobin of 14.5, hematocrit 41.3, platelets 491,000. PT 58 increased, INR 6.6 increased, PTT 75.9 increased.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: ,VITAL SIGNS: Temperature 99 degrees Fahrenheit, pulse 142 per minute, respirations 34 per minute, weight 8.6 kg.,GENERAL: She is intubated.,HEENT: Atraumatic. She is intubated.,LUNGS: Good air entry bilaterally. No rales or wheezing.,ABDOMEN: Distended. Decreased bowel sounds.,GENITALIA: Grossly normal female.,CNS: She is sedated.,IMPRESSION: , A 3-year-old female patient with history of passage of blood through G-tube site with coagulopathy. She has a history of G-tube fundoplication, developmental delay, PEHO syndrome, which is progressive encephalopathy optic atrophy.,PLAN: ,Plan is to give vitamin K, FFP, blood transfusion. Consider upper endoscopy. Procedure and informed consent discussed with the family. | gastroenterology, g-tube, peho syndrome, tube site, gagging, constipation, endoscopy, peho, hemoglobin, hematocrit, intubated, bleeding, blood, fundoplication, tube, |
3,536 | Foul-smelling urine and stomach pain after meals. | Gastroenterology | Foul-Smelling Urine | CHIEF COMPLAINT:, Foul-smelling urine and stomach pain after meals.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:, Stomach pain with most meals x one and a half years and urinary symptoms for same amount of time. She was prescribed Reglan, Prilosec, Pepcid, and Carafate at ED for her GI symptoms and Bactrim for UTI. This visit was in July 2010.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:, HEENT: No headaches. No visual disturbances, no eye irritation. No nose drainage or allergic symptoms. No sore throat or masses. Respiratory: No shortness of breath. No cough or wheeze. No pain. Cardiac: No palpitations or pain. Gastrointestinal: Pain and cramping. Denies nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. Has some regurgitation with gas after meals. Genitourinary: "Smelly" urine. Musculoskeletal: No swelling, pain, or numbness.,MEDICATION ALLERGIES:, No known drug allergies.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,General: Unremarkable.,HEENT: PERRLA. Gaze conjugate.,Neck: No nodes. No thyromegaly. No masses.,Lungs: Clear.,Heart: Regular rate without murmur.,Abdomen: Soft, without organomegaly, without guarding or tenderness.,Back: Straight. No paraspinal spasm.,Extremities: Full range of motion. No edema.,Neurologic: Cranial nerves II-XII intact. Deep tendon reflexes 2+ bilaterally.,Skin: Unremarkable.,LABORATORY STUDIES:, Urinalysis was done, which showed blood due to her period and moderate leukocytes.,ASSESSMENT:,1. UTI.,2. GERD.,3. Dysphagia.,4. Contraception consult.,PLAN:,1. Cipro 500 mg b.i.d. x five days. Ordered BMP, CBC, and urinalysis with microscopy.,2. Omeprazole 20 mg daily and famotidine 20 mg b.i.d.,3. Prescriptions same as #2. Also referred her for a barium swallow series to rule out a stricture.,4. Ortho Tri-Cyclen Lo., | null |
3,537 | Flexible sigmoidoscopy due to rectal bleeding. | Gastroenterology | Flex Sig - 1 | INDICATION: , Rectal bleeding.,PREMEDICATION:, See procedure nurse NCS form.,PROCEDURE: , | gastroenterology, rectal bleeding, digital rectal exam, pentax video, anal verge, angiodysplasia, colonic mucosa, diverticula, endoscope, flexible, flexible sigmoidoscopy, hemorrhoids, masses, polyps, rectum, sigmoidoscopy, sphincter tone, internal hemorrhoids, bleeding, rectal |
3,538 | Flexible sigmoidoscopy. The Olympus video colonoscope then introduced into the rectum and passed by directed vision to the distal descending colon. | Gastroenterology | Flex Sig - 2 | PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , Following a barium enema prep and lidocaine ointment to the rectal vault, perirectal inspection and rectal exam were normal. The Olympus video colonoscope then introduced into the rectum and passed by directed vision to the distal descending colon. Withdrawal notes an otherwise normal descending, rectosigmoid and rectum. Retroflexion noted no abnormality of the internal ring. No hemorrhoids were noted. Withdrawal from the patient terminated the procedure. | gastroenterology, flexible sigmoidoscopy, flex sig, colonoscope, olympus video colonoscope, rectumNOTE,: Thesetranscribed medical transcription sample reports and examples are provided by various users andare for reference purpose only. MTHelpLine does not certify accuracy and quality of sample reports.These transcribed medical transcription sample reports may include some uncommon or unusual formats;this would be due to the preference of the dictating physician. All names and dates have beenchanged (or removed) to keep confidentiality. Any resemblance of any type of name or date orplace or anything else to real world is purely incidental., |
3,539 | Gastrointestinal bleed, source undetermined, but possibly due to internal hemorrhoids. Poor prep with friable internal hemorrhoids, but no gross lesions, no source of bleed. | Gastroenterology | Gastrointestinal Bleed - Discharge Summary | DIAGNOSIS ON ADMISSION: , Gastrointestinal bleed.,DIAGNOSES ON DISCHARGE,1. Gastrointestinal bleed, source undetermined, but possibly due to internal hemorrhoids.,2. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.,3. Hypothyroidism.,PROCEDURE:, Colonoscopy.,FINDINGS:, Poor prep with friable internal hemorrhoids, but no gross lesions, no source of bleed.,HOSPITAL COURSE: ,The patient was admitted to the emergency room by Dr. X. He apparently had an NG tube placed in the emergency room with gastric aspirate revealing no blood. Dr. Y Miller saw him in consultation and recommended a colonoscopy. A bowel prep was done. H&Hs were stable. His most recent H&H was 38.6/13.2 that was this morning. His H&H at admission was 41/14.3. The patient had the bowel prep that revealed no significant bleeding. His vital signs are stable. He is continuing on his usual medications of Imdur, metoprolol, and Synthroid. His Plavix is discontinued. He is given IV Protonix. I am hesitant to use Prilosec or Protonix because of his history of pancreatitis associated with Prilosec.,The patient's PT/INR was 1.03, PTT 25.8. Chemistry panel was unremarkable. The patient was given a regular diet after his colonoscopy today. He tolerated it well and is being discharged home. He will be followed closely as an outpatient. He will continue his Pepcid 40 mg at night, Imdur, Synthroid, and metoprolol as prior to admission. He will hold his Plavix for now. They will call me for further dark stools and will avoid Pepto-Bismol. They will follow up in the office on Thursday. | gastroenterology, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, colonoscopy, gross lesions, bowel prep, gastrointestinal bleed, internal hemorrhoids, hemorrhoids, gastrointestinal, prep |
3,540 | Esophagitis, minor stricture at the gastroesophageal junction, hiatal hernia. Otherwise normal upper endoscopy to the transverse duodenum. | Gastroenterology | Gastroscopy | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Dysphagia and esophageal spasm.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Esophagitis and esophageal stricture.,PROCEDURE:, Gastroscopy.,MEDICATIONS:, MAC.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , The Olympus gastroscope was introduced into the oropharynx and passed carefully through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, to the third portion of the duodenum. The hypopharynx was normal and the upper esophageal sphincter was unremarkable. The esophageal contour was normal, with the gastroesophageal junction located at 38 cm from the incisors. At this point, there were several linear erosions and a sense of stricturing at 38 cm. Below this, there was a small hiatal hernia with the hiatus noted at 42 cm from the incisors. The mucosa within the hernia was normal. The gastric lumen was normal with normal mucosa throughout. The pylorus was patent permitting passage of the scope into the duodenum, which was normal through the third portion. During withdrawal of the scope, additional views were obtained of the cardia, confirming the presence of a small hiatal hernia. It was decided to attempt dilation of the strictured area, so an 18-mm TTS balloon was placed across the stricture and inflated to the recommended diameter. When the balloon was fully inflated, the lumen appeared to be larger than 18 mm diameter, suggesting that the stricture was in fact not a significant one. No stretching of the mucosa took place. The balloon was deflated and the scope was withdrawn. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the recovery room.,FINAL DIAGNOSES:,1. Esophagitis.,2. Minor stricture at the gastroesophageal junction.,3. Hiatal hernia.,4. Otherwise normal upper endoscopy to the transverse duodenum.,RECOMMENDATIONS: ,Continue proton pump inhibitor therapy. | gastroenterology, duodenum, esophagus, gastroscope, stomach, upper endoscopy, transverse duodenum, gastroesophageal junction, hiatal hernia, gastroscopy, endoscopy, esophagitis, gastroesophageal, hiatal, esophageal, hernia |
3,541 | Female with intermittent rectal bleeding, not associated with any weight loss. The patient is chronically constipated. | Gastroenterology | Gastroenterology - Letter | Sample Address,Re: Mrs. Sample Patient,Dear Sample Doctor:,I had the pleasure of seeing your patient, Mrs. Sample Patient , in my office today. Mrs. Sample Patient is a 48-year-old, African-American female with a past medical history of hypertension and glaucoma, who was referred to me to be evaluated for intermittent rectal bleeding. The patient denies any weight loss, does have a good appetite, no nausea and no vomiting.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:, Significant for hypertension and diabetes.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY:, The patient denies any past surgical history.,MEDICATIONS:, The patient takes Cardizem CD 240-mg. The patient also takes eye drops.,ALLERGIES:, The patient denies any allergies.,SOCIAL HISTORY:, The patient smokes about a pack a day for more than 25 years. The patient drinks alcohol socially.,FAMILY HISTORY:, Significant for hypertension and strokes.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:, The patient does have a good appetite and no weight loss. She does have intermittent rectal bleeding associated with irritation in the rectal area. The patient denies any nausea, any vomiting, any night sweats, any fevers or any chills.,The patient denies any shortness of breath, any chest pain, any irregular heartbeat or chronic cough.,The patient is chronically constipated.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:, This is a 48 year-old lady who is awake, alert and oriented x 3. She does not seem to be in any acute distress. Her vital signs are blood pressure is 130/70 with a heart rate of 75 and respirations of 16. HEENT is normocephalic, atraumatic. Sclerae are non-icteric. Her neck is supple, no bruits, no lymph nodes. Lungs are clear to auscultation bilaterally, no crackles, no rales and no wheezes. The cardiovascular system has a regular rate and rhythm, no murmurs. The abdomen is soft and non-tender. Bowel sounds are positive and no organomegaly. Extremities have no edema.,IMPRESSION:, This is a 48-year-old female presenting with painless rectal bleeding not associated with any weight loss. The patient is chronically constipated.,1. Rule out colon cancer.,2. Rule out colon polyps. ,3. Rule out hemorrhoids, which is the most likely diagnosis.,RECOMMENDATIONS:, Because of the patient's age, the patient will need to have a complete colonoscopy exam.,The patient will also need to have a CBC check and monitor.,The patient will be scheduled for the colonoscopy at Sample Hospital and the full report will be forwarded to your office.,Thank you very much for allowing me to participate in the care of your patient.,Sincerely yours,,Sample Doctor, MD | null |
3,542 | Flexible sigmoidoscopy. Sigmoid and left colon diverticulosis; otherwise, normal flexible sigmoidoscopy to the proximal descending colon. | Gastroenterology | Flex Sig - 3 | PROCEDURE: , Flexible sigmoidoscopy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Rectal bleeding.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: ,Diverticulosis.,MEDICATIONS: , None.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: ,The Olympus gastroscope was introduced through the rectum and advanced carefully through the colon for a distance of 90 cm, reaching the proximal descending colon. At this point, stool occupied the lumen, preventing further passage. The colon distal to this was well cleaned out and easily visualized. The mucosa was normal throughout the regions examined. Numerous diverticula were seen. There was no blood or old blood or active bleeding. A retroflexed view of the anorectal junction showed no hemorrhoids. He tolerated the procedure well and was sent to the recovery room.,FINAL DIAGNOSES:,1. Sigmoid and left colon diverticulosis.,2. Otherwise normal flexible sigmoidoscopy to the proximal descending colon.,3. The bleeding was most likely from a diverticulum, given the self limited but moderately severe quantity that he described.,RECOMMENDATIONS:,1. Follow up with Dr. X as needed.,2. If there is further bleeding, a full colonoscopy is recommended. | gastroenterology, olympus, gastroscope, rectal bleeding, flexible sigmoidoscopy, colon diverticulosis, descending colon, diverticulosis, hemorrhoids, flexible, sigmoidoscopy, colon |
3,543 | Exploratory laparotomy, release of small bowel obstruction, and repair of periumbilical hernia. Acute small bowel obstruction and incarcerated umbilical Hernia. | Gastroenterology | Exploratory Laparotomy & Hernia Repair | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1. Acute bowel obstruction.,2. Umbilical hernia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1. Acute small bowel obstruction.,2. Incarcerated umbilical Hernia.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,1. Exploratory laparotomy.,2. Release of small bowel obstruction.,3. Repair of periumbilical hernia.,ANESTHESIA: , General with endotracheal intubation.,COMPLICATIONS:, None.,DISPOSITION: , The patient tolerated the procedure well and was transferred to recovery in stable condition.,SPECIMEN: , Hernia sac.,HISTORY: ,The patient is a 98-year-old female who presents from nursing home extended care facility with an incarcerated umbilical hernia, intractable nausea and vomiting and a bowel obstruction. Upon seeing the patient and discussing in extent with the family, it was decided the patient needed to go to the operating room for this nonreducible umbilical hernia and bowel obstruction and the family agreed with surgery.,INTRAOPERATIVE FINDINGS: , The patient was found to have an incarcerated umbilical hernia. There was a loop of small bowel incarcerated within the hernia sac. It showed signs of ecchymosis, however no signs of any ischemia or necrosis. It was easily reduced once opening the abdomen and the rest of the small bowel was ran without any other defects or abnormalities.,PROCEDURE: , After informed written consent, risks and benefits of the procedure were explained to the patient and the patient's family. The patient was brought to the operating suite. After general endotracheal intubation, prepped and draped in normal sterile fashion. A midline incision was made around the umbilical hernia defect with a #10 blade scalpel. Dissection was then carried down to the fascia. Using a sharp dissection, an incision was made above the defect superior to the defect entering the fascia. The abdomen was entered under direct visualization. The small bowel that was entrapped within the hernia sac was easily reduced and observed and appeared to be ecchymotic, however, no signs of ischemia were noted or necrosis. The remaining of the fascia was then extended using Metzenbaum scissors. The hernia sac was removed using Mayo scissors and sent off as specimen. Next, the bowel was run from the ligament of Treitz to the ileocecal valve with no evidence of any other abnormalities. The small bowel was then milked down removing all the fluid. The bowel was decompressed distal to the obstruction. Once returning the abdominal contents to the abdomen, attention was next made in closing the abdomen and using #1 Vicryl suture in the figure-of-eight fashion the fascia was closed. The umbilicus was then reapproximated to its anatomical position with a #1 Vicryl suture. A #3-0 Vicryl suture was then used to reapproximate the deep dermal layers and skin staples were used on the skin. Sterile dressings were applied. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was transferred to recovery in stable condition. | gastroenterology, endotracheal intubation, acute bowel obstruction, umbilical hernia, exploratory laparotomy, release of small bowel obstruction, repair of periumbilical hernia, incarcerated umbilical hernia, incarcerated, bowel, hernia, exploratory, laparotomy, abdomen, umbilical, obstruction, |
3,544 | Flexible Sigmoidoscopy. | Gastroenterology | Flex Sig | MEDICATIONS:, None.,DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCEDURE:, After informed consent was obtained, the patient was placed in the left lateral decubitus position and the Olympus video colonoscope was inserted through the anus and advanced in retrograde fashion for a distance of *** cm to the proximal descending colon and then slowly withdrawn. The mucosa appeared normal. Retroflex examination of the rectum was normal. | gastroenterology, flexible sigmoidoscopy, flex sig, olympus video colonoscope, colonoscopeNOTE,: Thesetranscribed medical transcription sample reports and examples are provided by various users andare for reference purpose only. MTHelpLine does not certify accuracy and quality of sample reports.These transcribed medical transcription sample reports may include some uncommon or unusual formats;this would be due to the preference of the dictating physician. All names and dates have beenchanged (or removed) to keep confidentiality. Any resemblance of any type of name or date orplace or anything else to real world is purely incidental., |
3,545 | Exploratory laparotomy, low anterior colon resection, flexible colonoscopy, and transverse loop colostomy and JP placement. Colovesical fistula and intraperitoneal abscess. | Gastroenterology | Exploratory Laparotomy & Colon Resection | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Colovesical fistula.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Colovesical fistula.,2. Intraperitoneal abscess.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,1. Exploratory laparotomy.,2. Low anterior colon resection.,3. Flexible colonoscopy.,4. Transverse loop colostomy and JP placement.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,HISTORY: ,This 74-year-old female who had a recent hip fracture and the patient was in rehab when she started having some stool coming out of the urethra. The patient had retrograde cystogram, which revealed colovesical fistula. Recommendation for a surgery was made. The patient was explained the risks and benefits as well as the two sons and the daughter. They understood that the patient can even die from this procedure. All the three procedures were explained, without a colostomy, with Hartmann's colostomy, and with a transverse loop colostomy, and out of the three procedures, the patient's requested to have the loop colostomy and stated that the Hartmann's colostomy leaving the anastomosis with the risk of leaking.,PROCEDURE DETAILS: , The patient was taken to the operating room, prepped and draped in the sterile fashion and was given general anesthetic. An incision was performed in the midline below the umbilicus to the pubis with a #10 blade Bard Parker. Electrocautery was used for hemostasis down to the fascia. The fascia was grasped with Ochsner's and then immediately the peritoneum was entered and the incision was carried cephalad and caudad with electrocautery.,Once within the peritoneum, adhesiolysis was performed to separate the small bowel from the attachment of the anterior abdominal wall. At this point, immediately a small bowel was retracted cephalad. The patient was taken to a slightly Trendelenburg position and the descending colon was seen. The white line of Toldt was opened all the way down to the area of inflammation. At this point, meticulous dissection was carried to separate the small bowel from the attachment to the abscess. When the small bowel was completely freed of abscess, bulk of the bladder was seen anteriorly to the uterus. The abscess was cultured and sent it back to Bacteriology Department and immediately the opening into the bladder was visualized. At this point, the entire sigmoid colon was separated posteriorly as well as laterally and it was all the way down to sigmoid down to the rectum. At this point, decision to place a moist towel and retract old intestine superiorly as well as to place first self-retaining retractor in the abdominal cavity with a bladder blade was placed. Immediately, a GIA was fired right across the descending colon and sigmoid colon junction and then with peons within the mesentery were placed all the way down to the rectosigmoid junction where a TA-55 balloon Roticulator was fired. The specimen was cut with #10 blade Bard-Parker and sent it to Pathology. Immediately copious amount of irrigation was used and the staple line in the descending colon was brought with Allis. A pursestring device was fired. The staple line was cut. The dilators were used using #25 and #29, then _________ #29 EEA was placed and the suture was tied. At this point, attention was directed down to the rectal stump where dilators #25 and #29 were passed from the anus into the rectum and then the #29 Ethicon GIA was introduced. The spike came posteriorly through the staple line to avoid the inflammatory process anteriorly that was present in the area of the cul-de-sac as well as the uterine was present in this patient. ,Immediately, the EEA was connected with a mushroom. It was tied, fired, and a Doyen was placed above the anastomosis approximately four inches. Fluid was placed within the _________ and immediately a colonoscope was introduced from the patient's anus insufflating air. No air was seen evolving from the staple line. All fluid was removed and pictures of the staple line were taken. The scope was removed at this point. The case was passed to Dr. X for repair of the vesicle fistula. Dr. X did repair down the perforation of the bladder that was communicating with an abscess secondary to the perforated diverticulitis and the colon. After this was performed, copious amount of irrigation was used again. More lysis of adhesions were performed and decision to make a loop transverse colostomy was made to protect the anastomosis in a phase of a severe inflammatory process in the pelvis in the infected area. The incision was performed in the right upper quadrant.,This incision was performed with cutting in the cautery, down into the fascia splitting the muscle and then the Penrose was passed under transverse colon, and was grasped on pulling the transverse colon at the level of the skin. The wire was passed under the transverse colon. It was left in place. Moderate irrigation was used in the peritoneal cavity and in the right lower quadrant, a JP was placed in the pelvis posteriorly to the abscess cavity that was down on the pelvis. At this point, immediately, yellow fluid was removed from the peritoneal cavity and the abdomen was closed with cephalad to caudad and caudad to cephalad with a loop PDS suture and then tied. Electrocautery for hemostasis and the subcutaneous tissue. Copious amount of irrigation was used. The skin was approximated with staples. At this point, immediately, the wound was covered with a moist towel and decision to mature the loop colostomy was made. The colostomy was opened longitudinally and then matured with interrupted #3-0 Vicryl suture through the skin edge. One it was completely matured, immediately the index finger was probed proximally and distally and both loops were completely opened. As previously mentioned, the Penrose was removed and the Bard was secured with a #3-0 nylon suture. The JP was secured with #3-0 nylon suture as well. At this point, dressings were applied. The patient tolerated the procedure well. The stent from the left ureter was removed and the Foley was left in place. The patient did tolerate the procedure well and will be followed up during the hospitalization. | gastroenterology, intraperitoneal abscess, colovesical fistula, low anterior colon resection, flexible colonoscopy, transverse loop colostomy, jp placement, exploratory laparotomy, colon resection, descending colon, transverse colon, colostomy, colon, laparotomy, aparotomy, fistula |
3,546 | Leaking anastomosis from esophagogastrectomy. Exploratory laparotomy and drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses with control of leakage. | Gastroenterology | Exploratory Laparotomy | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Leaking anastomosis from esophagogastrectomy. ,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Leaking anastomosis from esophagogastrectomy. ,PROCEDURE: , Exploratory laparotomy and drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses with control of leakage. ,COMPLICATIONS:, None. ,ANESTHESIA: , General oroendotracheal intubation. ,PROCEDURE: , After adequate general anesthesia was administered, the patient's abdomen was prepped and draped aseptically. Sutures and staples were removed. The abdomen was opened. The were some very early stage adhesions that were easy to separate. Dissection was carried up toward the upper abdomen where the patient was found to have a stool filled descended colon. This was retracted caudally to expose the stomach. There were a number of adhesions to the stomach. These were carefully dissected to expose initially the closure over the gastrotomy site. Initially this looked like this was leaking but it was actually found to be intact. The pyloroplasty was identified and also found to be intact with no evidence of leakage. Further dissection up toward the hiatus revealed an abscess collection. This was sent for culture and sensitivity and was aspirated and lavaged. Cavity tracked up toward the hiatus. Stomach itself appeared viable, there was no necrotic sections. Upper apex of the stomach was felt to be viable also. I did not pull the stomach and esophagus down into the abdomen from the mediastinum, but placed a sucker up into the mediastinum where additional turbid fluid was identified. Carefully placed a 10 mm flat Jackson-Pratt drain into the mediastinum through the hiatus to control this area of leakage. Two additional Jackson-Pratt drains were placed essentially through the gastrohepatic omentum. This was the area that most of the drainage had collected in. As I had previously discussed with Dr. Sageman I did not feel that mobilizing the stomach to redo the anastomosis in the chest would be a recoverable situation for the patient. I therefore did not push to visualize any focal areas of the anastomosis with the intent of repair. Once the drains were secured, they were brought out through the anterior abdominal wall and secured with 3-0 silk sutures and secured to bulb suction. The midline fascia was then closed using running #2 Prolene sutures bolstered with retention sutures. Subcutaneous tissue was copiously lavaged and then the skin was closed with loosely approximated staples. Dry gauze dressing was placed. The patient tolerated the procedure well, there were no complications. | gastroenterology, drainage, oroendotracheal, intubation, intra abdominal, abdominal abscesses, jackson pratt, exploratory laparotomy, anastomosis, esophagogastrectomy, mediastinum, abdomen, stomach |
3,547 | Esophageal foreign body, US penny. Esophagoscopy with foreign body removal. The patient had a penny lodged in the proximal esophagus in the typical location. | Gastroenterology | Esophagoscopy & Foreign Body Removal | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Esophageal foreign body.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Esophageal foreign body, US penny.,PROCEDURE: , Esophagoscopy with foreign body removal.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,INDICATIONS: , The patient is a 17-month-old baby girl with biliary atresia, who had a delayed diagnosis and a late attempted Kasai portoenterostomy, which failed. The patient has progressive cholestatic jaundice and is on the liver transplant list at ABCD. The patient is fed by mouth and also with nasogastric enteral feeding supplements. She has had an __________ cough and relatively disinterested in oral intake for the past month. She was recently in the GI Clinic and an x-ray was ordered to check her tube placement and an incidental finding of a coin in the proximal esophagus was noted. Based on the history, it is quite possible this coin has been there close to a month. She is brought to the operating room now for attempted removal. I met with the parents and talked to them at length about the procedure and the increased risk in a child with a coin that has been in for a prolonged period of time. Hopefully, there will be no coin migration or significant irrigation that would require prolonged hospitalization.,OPERATIVE FINDINGS: , The patient had a penny lodged in the proximal esophagus in the typical location. There was no evidence of external migration and surrounding irritation was noted, but did not appear to be excessive. The coin actually came out with relative ease after which endoscopically identified.,DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION: , The patient came to the operating room and had induction of general anesthesia. She was slow to respond to the usual propofol and other inducing agents and may be has some difficulty with tolerance or __________ tolerance to these medications. After her endotracheal tube was placed and securely taped to the left side of her mouth, I positioned the patient with a prominent shoulder roll and neck hyperextension and then used the laryngoscope to elevate the tiny glottic mechanism. A rigid esophagoscope was then inserted into the proximal esophagus, and the scope was gradually advanced with the lumen directly in frontal view. This was facilitated by the nasoenteric feeding tube that was in place, which I followed carefully until the edge of the coin could be seen. At this location, there was quite a bit of surrounding mucosal inflammation, but the coin edge could be clearly seen and was secured with the coin grasping forceps. I then withdrew the scope, forceps, and the coin as one unit, and it was easily retrieved. The patient tolerated the procedure well. There were no intraoperative complications. There was only one single coin noted, and she was awakened and taken to the recovery room in good condition. | gastroenterology, portoenterostomy, foreign body removal, proximal esophagus, coin, esophagoscopy, esophageal, esophagus, |
3,548 | Esophagoscopy with removal of foreign body. Esophageal foreign body, no associated comorbidities are noted. | Gastroenterology | Esophagoscopy & Foreign Body Removal - 1 | PRIMARY DIAGNOSIS:, Esophageal foreign body, no associated comorbidities are noted.,PROCEDURE:, Esophagoscopy with removal of foreign body.,CPT CODE: , 43215.,PRINCIPAL DIAGNOSIS:, Esophageal foreign body, ICD-9 code 935.1.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , Under general anesthesia, flexible EGD was performed. Esophagus was visualized. The quarter was visualized at the aortic knob, was removed with grasper. Estimated blood loss 0. Intravenous fluids during time of procedure 100 mL. No tissues. No complications. The patient tolerated the procedure well. Dr. X Pipkin attending pediatric surgeon was present throughout the entire procedure. The patient was transferred from OR to PACU in stable condition. | gastroenterology, esophagus, foreign body, esophagoscopy, esophageal, |
3,549 | Exploratory laparotomy, lysis of adhesions and removal, reversal of Hartmann's colostomy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and cystoscopy with left ureteral stent. | Gastroenterology | Exploratory Laparotomy - 1 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, History of perforated sigmoid diverticuli with Hartmann's procedure.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: ,1. History of perforated sigmoid diverticuli with Hartmann's procedure.,2. Massive adhesions.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:,1. Exploratory laparotomy.,2. Lysis of adhesions and removal.,3. Reversal of Hartmann's colostomy.,4. Flexible sigmoidoscopy.,5. Cystoscopy with left ureteral stent.,ANESTHESIA: , General.,HISTORY: , This is a 55-year-old gentleman who had a previous perforated diverticula. Recommendation for reversal of the colostomy was made after more than six months from the previous surgery for a sigmoid colon resection and Hartmann's colostomy.,PROCEDURE: ,The patient was taken to the operating room placed into lithotomy position after being prepped and draped in the usual sterile fashion. A cystoscope was introduced into the patient's urethra and to the bladder. Immediately, no evidence of cystitis was seen and the scope was introduced superiorly, measuring the bladder and immediately a #5 French ____ was introduced within the left urethra. The cystoscope was removed, a Foley was placed, and wide connection was placed attaching the left ureteral stent and Foley. At this point, immediately the patient was re-prepped and draped and immediately after the ostomy was closed with a #2-0 Vicryl suture, immediately at this point, the abdominal wall was opened with a #10 blade Bard-Parker down with electrocautery for complete hemostasis through the midline.,The incision scar was cephalad due to the severe adhesions in the midline. Once the abdomen was entered in the epigastric area, then massive lysis of adhesions was performed to separate the small bowel from the anterior abdominal wall. Once the small bowel was completely free from the anterior abdominal wall, at this point, the ostomy was taken down with an elliptical incision with cautery and then meticulous dissection with Metzenbaum scissors and electrocautery down to the anterior abdominal wall, where a meticulous dissection was carried with Metzenbaum scissors to separate the entire ostomy from the abdominal wall. Immediately at this point, the bowel was dropped within the abdominal cavity, and more lysis of adhesions was performed cleaning the left gutter area to mobilize the colon further down to have no tension in the anastomosis. At this point, the rectal stump, where two previous sutures with Prolene were seen, were brought with hemostats. The rectal stump was free in a 360 degree fashion and immediately at this point, a decision to perform the anastomosis was made. First, a self-retaining retractor was introduced in the abdominal cavity and a bladder blade was introduced as well. Blue towel was placed above the small bowel retracting the bowel to cephalad and at this point, immediately the rectal stump was well visualized, no evidence of bleeding was seen, and the towels were placed along the edges of the abdominal wound. Immediately, the pursestring device was fired approximately 1 inch from the skin and on the descending colon, this was fired. The remainder of the excess tissue was closed with Metzenbaum scissors and immediately after dilating #25 and #29 mushroom tip from the T8 Ethicon was placed within the colon and then #9-0 suture was tied. Immediately from the anus, the dilator #25 and #29 was introduced dilating the rectum. The #29 EEA was introduced all the way anteriorly to the staple line and this spike from the EEA was used to perforate the rectum and then the mushroom from the descending colon was attached to it. The EEA was then fired. Once it was fired and was removed, the pelvis was filled with fluid. Immediately both doughnuts were ____ from the anastomosis. A Doyen was placed in both the anastomosis. Colonoscope was introduced. No bubble or air was seen coming from the anastomosis. There was no evidence of bleeding. Pictures of the anastomosis were taken. The scope then was removed from the patient's rectum. Copious amount of irrigation was used within the peritoneal cavity. Immediately at this point, all complete sponge and instrument count was performed. First, the ostomy site was closed with interrupted figure-of-eight #0 Vicryl suture. The peritoneum was closed with running #2-0 Vicryl suture. Then, the midline incision was closed with a loop PDS in cephalad to caudad and caudad to cephalad tight in the middle. Subq tissue was copiously irrigated and the staples on the skin.,The iodoform packing was placed within the old ostomy site and then the staples on the skin as well. The patient did tolerate the procedure well and will be followed during the hospitalization. The left ureteral stent was removed at the end of the procedure. _____ were performed. Lysis of adhesions were performed. Reversal of colostomy and EEA anastomosis #29 Ethicon. | gastroenterology, reversal of hartmann's colostomy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, cystoscopy, ureteral stent, lysis of adhesions, exploratory laparotomy, hartmann's colostomy, abdominal wall, immediately, adhesions, colostomy, sigmoidoscopy, bowel, anastomosis, abdominal |
3,550 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsies. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic dyspepsia, alkaline reflux gastritis, gastroparesis, probable Billroth II anastomosis, and status post Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with Biopsies | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease.,2. Chronic dyspepsia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease.,2. Chronic dyspepsia.,3. Alkaline reflux gastritis.,4. Gastroparesis.,5. Probable Billroth II anastomosis.,6. Status post Whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsies.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE: , This is a 55-year-old African-American female who had undergone Whipple's procedure approximately five to six years ago for a benign pancreatic mass. The patient has pancreatic insufficiency and is already on replacement. She is currently using Nexium. She has continued postprandial dyspepsia and reflux symptoms. To evaluate this, the patient was boarded for EGD. The patient gave informed consent for the procedure.,GROSS FINDINGS: , At the time of EGD, the patient was found to have alkaline reflux gastritis. There was no evidence of distal esophagitis. Gastroparesis was seen as there was retained fluid in the small intestine. The patient had no evidence of anastomotic obstruction and appeared to have a Billroth II reconstruction by gastric jejunostomy. Biopsies were taken and further recommendations will follow.,PROCEDURE: ,The patient was taken to the Endoscopy Suite. The heart and lungs examination were unremarkable. The vital signs were monitored and found to be stable throughout the procedure. The patient's oropharynx was anesthetized with Cetacaine spray. She was placed in left lateral position. The patient had the video Olympus GIF gastroscope model inserted per os and was advanced without difficulty through the hypopharynx. GE junction was in normal position. There was no evidence of any hiatal hernia. There was no evidence of distal esophagitis. The gastric remnant was entered. It was noted to be inflamed with alkaline reflux gastritis. The anastomosis was open and patent. The small intestine was entered. There was retained fluid material in the stomach and small intestine and _______ gastroparesis. Biopsies were performed. Insufflated air was removed with withdrawal of the scope. The patient's diet will be adjusted to postgastrectomy-type diet. Biopsies performed. Diet will be reviewed. The patient will have an upper GI series performed to rule out more distal type obstruction explaining the retained fluid versus gastroparesis. Reglan will also be added. Further recommendations will follow. | gastroenterology, gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic dyspepsia, alkaline reflux gastritis, gastroparesis, whipple's pancreaticoduodenectomy, billroth ii anastomosis, gastroesophageal reflux, alkaline reflux, reflux gastritis, gif, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, dyspepsia, gastritis, anastomosis, pancreaticoduodenectomy, biopsies, alkaline, reflux, |
3,551 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with photo. Insertion of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube. Neuromuscular dysphagia. Protein-calorie malnutrition. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy & Gastrostomy Tube Insertion | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Neuromuscular dysphagia.,2. Protein-calorie malnutrition.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Neuromuscular dysphagia.,2. Protein-calorie malnutrition.,PROCEDURES PERFORMED:,1. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with photo.,2. Insertion of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube.,ANESTHESIA:, IV sedation and local.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,DISPOSITION: , The patient tolerated the procedure well without difficulty.,BRIEF HISTORY: ,The patient is a 50-year-old African-American male who presented to ABCD General Hospital on 08/18/2003 secondary to right hemiparesis from a CVA. The patient deteriorated with several CVAs and had became encephalopathic requiring a ventilator-dependency with respiratory failure. The patient also had neuromuscular dysfunction. After extended period of time, per the patient's family request and requested by the ICU staff, decision to place a feeding tube was decided and scheduled for today.,INTRAOPERATIVE FINDINGS: , The patient was found to have esophagitis as well as gastritis via EGD and was placed on Prevacid granules.,PROCEDURE: , After informed written consent, the risks and benefits of the procedure were explained to the patient and the patient's family. First, the EGD was to be performed.,The Olympus endoscope was inserted through the mouth, oropharynx and into the esophagus. Esophagitis was noted. The scope was then passed through the esophagus into the stomach. The cardia, fundus, body, and antrum of the stomach were visualized. There was evidence of gastritis. The scope was passed into the duodenal bulb and sweep via the pylorus and then removed from the duodenum retroflexing on itself in the stomach looking at the hiatus. Next, attention was made to transilluminating the anterior abdominal wall for the PEG placement. The skin was then anesthetized with 1% lidocaine. The finder needle was then inserted under direct visualization. The catheter was then grasped via the endoscope and the wire was pulled back up through the patient's mouth. The Ponsky PEG tube was attached to the wire. A skin nick was made with a #11 blade scalpel. The wire was pulled back up through the abdominal wall point and Ponsky PEG back up through the abdominal wall and inserted into position. The endoscope was then replaced confirming position. Photograph was taken. The Ponsky PEG tube was trimmed and the desired attachments were placed and the patient did tolerate the procedure well. We will begin tube feeds later this afternoon. | gastroenterology, neuromuscular dysphagia, protein-calorie malnutrition, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, endoscopic, gastrostomy, percutaneous, gastrostomy tube, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube, protein calorie malnutrition, abdominal wall, dysphagia, stomach, abdominal, neuromuscular, tube, |
3,552 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with pseudo and esophageal biopsy. Hiatal hernia and reflux esophagitis. The patient is a 52-year-old female morbidly obese black female who has a long history of reflux and GERD type symptoms including complications such as hoarseness and chronic cough. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with Biopsies -2 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Refractory dyspepsia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1. Hiatal hernia.,2. Reflux esophagitis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with pseudo and esophageal biopsy.,ANESTHESIA:, Conscious sedation with Demerol and Versed.,SPECIMEN: , Esophageal biopsy.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,HISTORY:, The patient is a 52-year-old female morbidly obese black female who has a long history of reflux and GERD type symptoms including complications such as hoarseness and chronic cough. She has been on multiple medical regimens and continues with dyspeptic symptoms.,PROCEDURE: , After proper informed consent was obtained, the patient was brought to the endoscopy suite. She was placed in the left lateral position and was given IV Demerol and Versed for sedation. When adequate level of sedation achieved, the gastroscope was inserted into the hypopharynx and the esophagus was easily intubated. At the GE junction, a hiatal hernia was present. There were mild inflammatory changes consistent with reflux esophagitis. The scope was then passed into the stomach. It was insufflated and the scope was coursed along the greater curvature to the antrum. The pylorus was patent. There was evidence of bile reflux in the antrum. The duodenal bulb and sweep were examined and were without evidence of mass, ulceration, or inflammation. The scope was then brought back into the antrum.,A retroflexion was attempted multiple times, however, the patient was having difficulty holding the air and adequate retroflexion view was not visualized. The gastroscope was then slowly withdrawn. There were no other abnormalities noted in the fundus or body. Once again at the GE junction, esophageal biopsy was taken. The scope was then completely withdrawn. The patient tolerated the procedure and was transferred to the recovery room in stable condition. She will return to the General Medical Floor. We will continue b.i.d proton-pump inhibitor therapy as well as dietary restrictions. She should also attempt significant weight loss. | gastroenterology, refractory dyspepsia, hiatal hernia, reflux esophagitis, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, esophageal, pseudo, esophageal biopsy, ge junction, hiatal, hernia, esophagitis, antrum, gerd, |
3,553 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy of one of the polyps and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement. Malnutrition and dysphagia with two antral polyps and large hiatal hernia. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 9 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Malnutrition and dysphagia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Malnutrition and dysphagia with two antral polyps and large hiatal hernia.,PROCEDURES: , Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy of one of the polyps and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement.,ANESTHESIA: , IV sedation, 1% Xylocaine locally.,CONDITION:, Stable.,OPERATIVE NOTE IN DETAIL: , After risk of operation was explained to this patient's family, consent was obtained for surgery. The patient was brought to the GI lab. There, she was placed in partial left lateral decubitus position. She was given IV sedation by Anesthesia. Her abdomen was prepped with alcohol and then Betadine. Flexible gastroscope was passed down the esophagus, through the stomach into the duodenum. No lesions were noted in the duodenum. There appeared to be a few polyps in the antral area, two in the antrum. Actually, one appeared to be almost covering the pylorus. The scope was withdrawn back into the antrum. On retroflexion, we could see a large hiatal hernia. No other lesions were noted. Biopsy was taken of one of the polyps. The scope was left in position. Anterior abdominal wall was prepped with Betadine, 1% Xylocaine was injected in the left epigastric area. A small stab incision was made and a large bore Angiocath was placed directly into the anterior abdominal wall, into the stomach, followed by a thread, was grasped with a snare using the gastroscope, brought out through the patient's mouth. Tied to the gastrostomy tube, which was then pulled down and up through the anterior abdominal wall. It was held in position with a dressing and a stent. A connector was applied to the cut gastrostomy tube, held in place with a 2-0 silk ligature. The patient tolerated the procedure well. She was returned to the floor in stable condition. | gastroenterology, antral, polyps, gastrostomy, endoscopic gastrostomy, hiatal hernia, abdominal wall, gastrostomy tube, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, malnutrition, dysphagia, abdominal |
3,554 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with gastric biopsies. Antral erythema; 2 cm polypoid pyloric channel tissue, questionable inflammatory polyp which was biopsied; duodenal erythema and erosion. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with Biopsies - 1 | PROCEDURE: , Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with gastric biopsies.,INDICATION:, Abdominal pain.,FINDINGS:, Antral erythema; 2 cm polypoid pyloric channel tissue, questionable inflammatory polyp which was biopsied; duodenal erythema and erosion.,MEDICATIONS: , Fentanyl 200 mcg and versed 6 mg.,SCOPE: , GIF-Q180.,PROCEDURE DETAIL: , Following the preprocedure patient assessment the procedure, goals, risks including bleeding, perforation and side effects of medications and alternatives were reviewed. Questions were answered. Pause preprocedure was performed.,Following titrated intravenous sedation the flexible video endoscope was introduced into the esophagus and advanced to the second portion of the duodenum without difficulty. The esophagus appeared to have normal motility and mucosa. Regular Z line was located at 44 cm from incisors. No erosion or ulceration. No esophagitis.,Upon entering the stomach gastric mucosa was examined in detail including retroflexed views of cardia and fundus. There was pyloric channel and antral erythema, but no visible erosion or ulceration. There was a 2 cm polypoid pyloric channel tissue which was suspicious for inflammatory polyp. This was biopsied and was placed separately in bottle #2. Random gastric biopsies from antrum, incisura and body were obtained and placed in separate jar, bottle #1. No active ulceration was found.,Upon entering the duodenal bulb there was extensive erythema and mild erosions, less than 3 mm in length, in first portion of duodenum, duodenal bulb and junction of first and second part of the duodenum. Postbulbar duodenum looked normal.,The patient was assessed upon completion of the procedure. Okay to discharge once criteria met.,Follow up with primary care physician.,I met with patient afterward and discussed with him avoiding any nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication. Await biopsy results. | gastroenterology, gastric biopsies, duodenal erythema, inflammatory polyp, pyloric channel tissue, pyloric channel, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, pyloric, duodenal, duodenum, polypoid, |
3,555 | Positive peptic ulcer disease. Gastritis. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with photography and biopsy. The patient had a history of peptic ulcer disease, epigastric abdominal pain x2 months, being evaluated at this time for ulcer disease. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 7 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Positive peptic ulcer disease.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Gastritis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with photography and biopsy.,GROSS FINDINGS:, The patient had a history of peptic ulcer disease, epigastric abdominal pain x2 months, being evaluated at this time for ulcer disease.,Upon endoscopy, gastroesophageal junction was at 40 cm, no esophageal tumor, varices, strictures, masses, or no reflux esophagitis was noted. Examination of the stomach reveals mild inflammation of the antrum of the stomach, no ulcers, erosions, tumors, or masses. The profundus and the cardia of the stomach were unremarkable. The pylorus was concentric. The duodenal bulb and sweep with no inflammation, tumors, or masses.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: , The patient taken to the Endoscopy Suite, prepped and draped in the left lateral decubitus position. She was given IV sedation using Demerol and Versed. Olympus videoscope was inserted in the hypopharynx, upon deglutition passed into the esophagus. Using air insufflation, the scope was advanced down through the esophagus into the stomach along the greater curvature of the stomach to the pylorus to the duodenal bulb and sweep. The above gross findings noted. The panendoscope was withdrawn back from the stomach, deflected upon itself. The lesser curve fundus and cardiac were well visualized. Upon examination of these areas, panendoscope was returned to midline. Photographs and biopsies were obtained of the antrum of the stomach. Air was aspirated from the stomach and panendoscope was slowly withdrawn carefully examining the lumen of the bowel.,Photographs and biopsies were obtained as appropriate. The patient is sent to recovery room in stable condition. | gastroenterology, antrum, esophageal tumor, varices, strictures, masses, duodenal bulb, peptic ulcer, duodenal, esophagus, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, panendoscope, peptic, inflammation, ulcer, disease, stomach |
3,556 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy and colonoscopy with biopsy. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 4 | PROCEDURE: , Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy and colonoscopy with biopsy.,INDICATIONS FOR PROCEDURE: , A 17-year-old with history of 40-pound weight loss, abdominal pain, status post appendectomy with recurrent abscess formation and drainage. Currently, he has a fistula from his anterior abdominal wall out. It does not appear to connect to the gastrointestinal tract, but merely connect from the ventral surface of the rectus muscles out the abdominal wall. CT scans show thickened terminal ileum, which suggest that we are dealing with Crohn's disease. Endoscopy is being done to evaluate for Crohn's disease.,MEDICATIONS: ,General anesthesia.,INSTRUMENT:, Olympus GIF-160 and PCF-160.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:, Less than 5 mL.,FINDINGS: , With the patient in the supine position, intubated under general anesthesia. The endoscope was inserted without difficulty into the hypopharynx. The scope was advanced down the esophagus, which had normal mucosal coloration and vascular pattern. Lower esophageal sphincter was located at 40 cm from the central incisors. It appeared normal and appeared to function normally. The endoscope was advanced into the stomach, which was distended with excess air. Rugal folds were flattened completely. There were multiple superficial erosions scattered throughout the fundus, body, and antral portions consistent with Crohn's involvement of the stomach. The endoscope was advanced through normal-appearing pyloric valve into the first, second, and third portion of the duodenum, which had normal mucosal coloration and fold pattern. Biopsies were obtained x2 in the second portion of the duodenum, antrum, body, and distal esophagus at 37 cm from the central incisors for histology. Two additional biopsies were obtained in the antrum for CLO testing. Excess air was evacuated from the stomach. The scope was removed from the patient who tolerated that part of the procedure well.,The patient was turned and scope was changed for colonoscopy. Prior to colonoscopy, it was noted that there was a perianal fistula at 7 o'clock. The colonoscope was then inserted into the anal verge. The colonic clean out was excellent. The scope was advanced without difficulty to the cecum. The cecal area had multiple ulcers with exudate. The ileocecal valve was markedly distorted. Biopsies were obtained x2 in the cecal area and then the scope was withdrawn through the ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, and rectum. The colonic mucosa in these areas was well seen and there were a few scattered aphthous ulcers in the ascending and descending colon. Biopsies were obtained in the cecum at 65 cm, transverse colon 50 cm, rectosigmoid 20 cm, and rectum at 5 cm. No fistulas were noted in the colon. Excess air was evacuated from the colon. The scope was removed. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was taken to recovery in satisfactory condition.,IMPRESSION: , Normal esophagus and duodenum. There were multiple superficial erosions or aphthous ulcers in the stomach along with a very few scattered aphthous ulcers in the colon with marked cecal involvement with large ulcers and a very irregular ileocecal valve. All these findings are consistent with Crohn's disease.,PLAN: ,Begin prednisone 30 mg p.o. daily. Await PPD results and chest x-ray results, as well as cocci serology results. If these are normal, then we would recommend Remicade 5 mg/kg IV infusion. We would start Modulon 50 mL/h for 20 hours to reverse the malnutrition state of this boy. Check CMP and phosphate every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday for receding syndrome noted by following potassium and phosphate. We will discuss with Dr. X possibly repeating the CT fistulogram if the findings on the previous ones are inconclusive as far as the noting whether we can rule in or out an enterocutaneous fistula. He will need an upper GI to rule out small intestinal strictures and involvement of the small intestine that cannot be seen with upper and lower endoscopy. If he has no stricture formation in the small bowel, we would then recommend a video endoscopy capsule to further evaluate any mucosal lesions consistent with Crohn's in the small intestine that we cannot visualize with endoscopy. | gastroenterology, olympus gif-160, pcf-160, endoscopy, crohn's disease, aphthous ulcers, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, endoscope, esophagus, duodenum, mucosal, stomach, biopsies, colonoscopy |
3,557 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The Olympus video gastroscope was then introduced into the upper esophagus and passed by direct vision to the descending duodenum. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 6 | PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , Following premedication with Vistaril 50 mg and Atropine 0.4 mg IM, the patient received Versed 5.0 mg intravenously after Cetacaine spray to the posterior palate. The Olympus video gastroscope was then introduced into the upper esophagus and passed by direct vision to the descending duodenum. The upper, mid and lower portions of the esophagus; the lesser and greater curves of the stomach; anterior and posterior walls; body and antrum; pylorus; duodenal bulb; and duodenum were all normal. No evidence of friability, ulceration or tumor mass was encountered. The instrument was withdrawn to the antrum, and biopsies taken for CLO testing, and then the instrument removed. | gastroenterology, cetacaine, pylorus, antrum, duodenum, upper esophagus, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, descending, esophagusNOTE,: Thesetranscribed medical transcription sample reports and examples are provided by various users andare for reference purpose only. MTHelpLine does not certify accuracy and quality of sample reports.These transcribed medical transcription sample reports may include some uncommon or unusual formats;this would be due to the preference of the dictating physician. All names and dates have beenchanged (or removed) to keep confidentiality. Any resemblance of any type of name or date orplace or anything else to real world is purely incidental., |
3,558 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy with biopsy and polypectomy. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 3 | PROCEDURES:, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy with biopsy and polypectomy.,REASON FOR PROCEDURE: , Child with abdominal pain and rectal bleeding. Rule out inflammatory bowel disease, allergic enterocolitis, rectal polyps, and rectal vascular malformations.,CONSENT:, History and physical examination was performed. The procedure, indications, alternatives available, and complications, i.e. bleeding, perforation, infection, adverse medication reaction, the possible need for blood transfusion, and surgery should a complication occur were discussed with the parents who understood and indicated this. Opportunity for questions was provided and informed consent was obtained.,MEDICATION: ,General anesthesia.,INSTRUMENT: , Olympus GIF-160.,COMPLICATIONS:, None.,FINDINGS: , With the patient in the supine position and intubated, the endoscope was inserted without difficulty into the hypopharynx. The esophageal mucosa and vascular pattern appeared normal. The lower esophageal sphincter was located at 25 cm from the central incisors. It appeared normal. A Z-line was identified within the lower esophageal sphincter. The endoscope was advanced into the stomach, which distended with excess air. Rugal folds flattened completely. Gastric mucosa appeared normal throughout. No hiatal hernia was noted. Pyloric valve appeared normal. The endoscope was advanced into the first, second, and third portions of duodenum, which had normal mucosa, coloration, and fold pattern. Biopsies were obtained x2 in the second portion of duodenum, antrum, and distal esophagus at 22 cm from the central incisors for histology. Additional 2 biopsies were obtained for CLO testing in the antrum. Excess air was evacuated from the stomach. The scope was removed from the patient who tolerated that part of procedure well. The patient was turned and the scope was advanced with some difficulty to the terminal ileum. The terminal ileum mucosa and the colonic mucosa throughout was normal except at approximately 10 cm where a 1 x 1 cm pedunculated juvenile-appearing polyp was noted. Biopsies were obtained x2 in the terminal ileum, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid, and rectum. Then, the polyp was snared right at the base of the polyp on the stalk and 20 watts of pure coag was applied in 2-second bursts x3. The polyp was severed. There was no bleeding at the stalk after removal of the polyp head. The polyp head was removed by suction. Excess air was evacuated from the colon. The patient tolerated that part of the procedure well and was taken to recovery in satisfactory condition. Estimated blood loss approximately 5 mL.,IMPRESSION: , Normal esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and colon as well as terminal ileum except for a 1 x 1-cm rectal polyp, which was removed successfully by polypectomy snare.,PLAN: ,Histologic evaluation and CLO testing. I will contact the parents next week with biopsy results and further management plans will be discussed at that time. | gastroenterology, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, rectal polyp, polypectomy snare, olympus gif-160, endoscope was advanced, clo testing, polyp head, terminal ileum, polypectomy, biopsies, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, ileum, mucosa, colonoscopy, |
3,559 | Chronic abdominal pain and heme positive stool, antral gastritis, and duodenal polyp. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with photos and antral biopsy. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 8 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Chronic abdominal pain and heme positive stool.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Antral gastritis.,2. Duodenal polyp.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with photos and antral biopsy.,ANESTHESIA: , Demerol and Versed.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: , Consent was obtained after all risks and benefits were described. The patient was brought back into the Endoscopy Suite. The aforementioned anesthesia was given. Once the patient was properly anesthetized, bite block was placed in the patient's mouth. Then, the patient was given the aforementioned anesthesia. Once he was properly anesthetized, the endoscope was placed in the patient's mouth that was brought down to the cricopharyngeus muscle into the esophagus and from the esophagus to his stomach. The air was insufflated down. The scope was passed down to the level of the antrum where there was some evidence of gastritis seen. The scope was passed into the duodenum and then duodenal sweep where there was a polyp seen. The scope was pulled back into the stomach in order to flex upon itself and straightened out. Biopsies were taken for CLO and histology of the antrum. The scope was pulled back. The junction was visualized. No other masses or lesions were seen. The scope was removed. The patient tolerated the procedure well. We will recommend the patient be on some type of a H2 blocker. Further recommendations to follow. | gastroenterology, endoscopy, gastritis, clo, histology, antrum, heme positive stool, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, duodenal, polyp, antral, |
3,560 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The Olympus video panendoscope was advanced under direct vision into the esophagus. The esophagus was normal in appearance and configuration. The gastroesophageal junction was normal. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 5 | MEDICATIONS:,1. Versed intravenously.,2. Demerol intravenously.,DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCEDURE: , After informed consent, the patient was placed in the left lateral decubitus position and Cetacaine spray was applied to the posterior pharynx. The patient was sedated with the above medications. The Olympus video panendoscope was advanced under direct vision into the esophagus. The esophagus was normal in appearance and configuration. The gastroesophageal junction was normal. The scope was advanced into the stomach, where the fundic pool was aspirated and the stomach was insufflated with air. The gastric mucosa appeared normal. The pylorus was normal. The scope was advanced through the pylorus into the duodenal bulb, which was normal, then into the second part of the duodenum, which was normal as well. The scope was pulled back into the stomach. Retroflexed view showed a normal incisura, lesser curvature, cardia and fundus. The scope was straightened out, the air removed and the scope withdrawn. The patient tolerated the procedure well. There were no apparent complications., | gastroenterology, duodenal bulb, gastric mucosa, olympus video, video panendoscope, gastroesophageal junction, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, gastroesophageal, pylorus, stomach, esophagus, scopeNOTE |
3,561 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, photography, and biopsy. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, hiatal hernia, and enterogastritis. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 12 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease.,2. Hiatal hernia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease.,2. Hiatal hernia.,3. Enterogastritis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: ,Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, photography, and biopsy.,GROSS FINDINGS: , The patient has a history of epigastric abdominal pain, persistent in nature. She has a history of severe gastroesophageal reflux disease, takes Pepcid frequently. She has had a history of hiatal hernia. She is being evaluated at this time for disease process. She does not have much response from Protonix.,Upon endoscopy, the gastroesophageal junction is approximately 40 cm. There appeared to be some inflammation at the gastroesophageal junction and a small 1 cm to 2 cm hiatal hernia. There is no advancement of the gastric mucosa up into the lower one-third of the esophagus. However there appeared to be inflammation as stated previously in the gastroesophageal junction. There was some mild inflammation at the antrum of the stomach. The fundus of the stomach was within normal limits. The cardia showed some laxity to the lower esophageal sphincter. The pylorus is concentric. The duodenal bulb and sweep are within normal limits. No ulcers or erosions.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: , The patient is taken to the Endoscopy Suite, prepped and draped in the left lateral decubitus position. The patient was given IV sedation using Demerol and Versed. Olympus videoscope was inserted into the hypopharynx and upon deglutition passed into the esophagus. Using air insufflation, panendoscope was advanced down the esophagus into the stomach along the greater curvature of the stomach through the pylorus into the duodenal bulb and sweep and the above gross findings were noted. Panendoscope was slowly withdrawn carefully examining the lumen of the bowel. Photographs were taken with the pathology present. Biopsy was obtained of the antrum of the stomach and also CLO test. The biopsy is also obtained of the gastroesophageal junction at 12, 3, 6 and 9 o' clock positions to rule out occult Barrett's esophagitis. Air was aspirated from the stomach and the panendoscope was removed. The patient sent to recovery room in stable condition. | gastroenterology, biopsy, gastroesophageal reflux, gastroesophageal reflux disease, duodenal bulb, gastroesophageal junction, hiatal hernia, enterogastritis, endoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, gastroesophageal, |
3,562 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 2 | PROCEDURE:, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy.,REASON FOR PROCEDURE:, The child with history of irritability and diarrhea with gastroesophageal reflux. Rule out reflux esophagitis, allergic enteritis, and ulcer disease, as well as celiac disease. He has been on Prevacid 7.5 mg p.o. b.i.d. with suboptimal control of this irritability.,Consent history and physical examinations were performed. The procedure, indications, alternatives available, and complications i.e. bleeding, perforation, infection, adverse medication reactions, possible need for blood transfusion, and surgery associated complication occur were discussed with the mother who understood and indicated this. Opportunity for questions was provided and informed consent was obtained.,MEDICATIONS: ,General anesthesia.,INSTRUMENT: , Olympus GIF-XQ 160.,COMPLICATIONS: , None.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS:, Less than 5 mL.,FINDINGS: , With the patient in the supine position intubated under general anesthesia, the endoscope was inserted without difficulty into the hypopharynx. The proximal, mid, and distal esophagus had normal mucosal coloration and vascular pattern. Lower esophageal sphincter appeared normal and was located at 25 cm from the central incisors. A Z-line was identified within the lower esophageal sphincter. The endoscope was advanced into the stomach, which was distended with excess air. The rugal folds flattened completely. The gastric mucosa was entirely normal. No hiatal hernia was seen and the pyloric valve appeared normal. The endoscope was advanced into first, second, and third portion of the duodenum, which had normal mucosal coloration and fold pattern. Ampule of Vater was identified and found to be normal. Biopsies were obtained x2 in the second portion of duodenum, antrum, and distal esophagus at 22 cm from the central incisors for histology. Additional two antral biopsies were obtained for CLO testing. Excess air was evacuated from the stomach. The scope was removed from the patient who tolerated the procedure well. The patient was taken to recovery room in satisfactory condition.,IMPRESSION:, Normal esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.,PLAN:, Histologic evaluation and CLO testing. Continue Prevacid 7.5 mg p.o. b.i.d. I will contact the parents next week with biopsy results and further management plans will be discussed at that time. | gastroenterology, olympus gif-xq 160, diarrhea, gastroesophageal, esophagitis, reflux, clo testing, esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy, endoscope, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
3,563 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed in the emergency department. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 13 | PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , Esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed in the emergency department.,INDICATION: , Melena, acute upper GI bleed, anemia, and history of cirrhosis and varices.,FINAL IMPRESSION,1. Scope passage massive liquid in stomach with some fresh blood near the fundus, unable to identify source due to gastric contents.,2. Endoscopy following erythromycin demonstrated grade I esophageal varices. No stigmata of active bleeding. Small amount of fresh blood within the hiatal hernia. No definite source of bleeding seen.,PLAN,1. Repeat EGD tomorrow morning following aggressive resuscitation and transfusion.,2. Proton-pump inhibitor drip.,3. Octreotide drip.,4. ICU bed.,PROCEDURE DETAILS: ,Prior to the procedure, physical exam was stable. During the procedure, vital signs remained within normal limits. Prior to sedation, informed consent was obtained. Risks, benefits, and alternatives including, but not limited to risk of bleeding, infection, perforation, adverse reaction to medication, failure to identify pathology, pancreatitis, and death explained to the patient and his wife, who accepted all risks. The patient was prepped in the left lateral position. IV sedation was given to a total of fentanyl 100 mcg and midazolam 4 mg for the initial EGD. An additional 50 mcg of fentanyl and 2 mg of midazolam were given following erythromycin. Scope tip of the Olympus gastroscope was passed into the esophagus. Proximal, middle, and distal thirds of the esophagus were well visualized. There was fresh blood in the esophagus, which was washed thoroughly, but no source was seen. No evidence of varices was seen. The stomach was entered. The stomach was filled with very large clot and fresh blood and liquid, which could not be suctioned due to the clot burden. There was a small amount of bright red blood near the fundus, but a source could not be identified due to the clot burden. Because of this, the gastroscope was withdrawn. The patient was given 250 mg of erythromycin in the Emergency Department and 30 minutes later, the scope was repassed. On the second look, the esophagus was cleared. The liquid gastric contents were cleared. There was still a moderate amount of clot burden in the stomach, but no active bleeding was seen. There was a small grade I esophageal varices, but no stigmata of bleed. There was also a small amount of fresh blood within the hiatal hernia, but no source of bleeding was identified. The patient was hemodynamically stable; therefore, a decision was made for a second look in the morning. The scope was withdrawn and air was suctioned. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was sent to recovery without immediate complications. | gastroenterology, gi bleed, anemia, cirrhosis, stomach, fundus, hiatal hernia, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, erythromycin, varices, esophagus, |
3,564 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with bile aspirate. Recurrent right upper quadrant pain with failure of antacid medical therapy. Normal esophageal gastroduodenoscopy. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 11 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Recurrent right upper quadrant pain with failure of antacid medical therapy.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Normal esophageal gastroduodenoscopy.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED:, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with bile aspirate.,ANESTHESIA: , IV Demerol and Versed in titrated fashion.,INDICATIONS: , This 41-year-old female presents to surgical office with history of recurrent right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Despite antacid therapy, the patient's pain has continued. Additional findings were concerning with possibility of a biliary etiology. The patient was explained the risks and benefits of an EGD as well as a Meltzer-Lyon test where upon bile aspiration was performed. The patient agreed to the procedure and informed consent was obtained.,GROSS FINDINGS: , No evidence of neoplasia, mucosal change, or ulcer on examination. Aspiration of the bile was done after the administration of 3 mcg of Kinevac.,PROCEDURE DETAILS: , The patient was placed in the supine position. After appropriate anesthesia was obtained, an Olympus gastroscope inserted from the oropharynx through the second portion of duodenum. Prior to this, 3 mcg of IV Kinevac was given to the patient to aid with the stimulation of bile. At this time, the patient as well complained of epigastric discomfort and nausea. This pain was similar to her previous pain.,Bile was aspirated with a trap to enable the collection of the fluid. This fluid was then sent to lab for evaluation for crystals. Next, photodocumentation obtained and retraction of the gastroscope through the antrum revealed no other evidence of disease, retroflexion revealed no evidence of hiatal hernia or other mass and after straightening the scope and aspiration ________, gastroscope was retracted. The gastroesophageal junction was noted at 20 cm. No other evidence of disease was appreciated here. Retraction of the gastroscope backed through the esophagus, off the oropharynx, removed from the patient. The patient tolerated the procedure well. We will await evaluation of bile aspirate. | gastroenterology, bile aspirate, esophageal, gastroduodenoscopy, kinevac, oropharynx, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, gastroscope |
3,565 | Patient presents to the emergency room with complaints of mid-epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain for the last 14 days. | Gastroenterology | ER Report - Stomach Pain | CHIEF COMPLAINT:, Stomach pain for 2 weeks.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:, The patient is a 45yo Mexican man without significant past medical history who presents to the emergency room with complaints of mid-epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain for the last 14 days. The pain was initially crampy and burning in character and was relieved with food intake. He also reports that it initially was associated with a sour taste in his mouth. He went to his primary care physician who prescribed cimetidine 400mg qhs x 5 days; however, this did not relieve his symptoms. In fact, the pain has worsened such that the pain now radiates to the back but is waxing and waning in duration. It is relieved with standing and ambulation and exacerbated when lying in a supine position. He reports a decrease in appetite associated with a 4 lb. wt loss over the last 2 wks. He does have nausea with only one episode of non-bilious, non-bloody emesis on day of admission. He reports a 2 wk history of subjective fever and diaphoresis. He denies any diarrhea, constipation, dysuria, melena, or hematochezia. His last bowel movement was during the morning of admission and was normal. He denies any travel in the last 9 years and sick contacts.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY:, Right inguinal groin cyst removal 15 years ago. Unknown etiology. No recurrence.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY:, Left femoral neck fracture with prosthesis secondary to a fall 4 years ago.,FAMILY HISTORY:, Mother with diabetes. No history of liver disease. No malignancies.,SOCIAL HISTORY:, The patient was born in central Mexico but moved to the United States 9 years ago. He is on disability due to his prior femoral fracture. He denies any tobacco or illicit drug use. He only drinks alcohol socially, no more than 1 drink every few weeks. He is married and has 3 healthy children. He denies any tattoos or risky sexual behavior.,ALLERGIES:, NKDA.,MEDICATIONS:, Tylenol prn (1-2 tabs every other day for the last 2 wks), Cimetidine 400mg po qhs x 5 days.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS:, No headache, vision changes. No shortness of breath. No chest pain or palpitations.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:,Vitals: T 100.9-102.7 BP 136/86 Pulse 117 RR 12 98% sat on room air,Gen: Well-developed, well-nourished, no apparent distress.,HEENT: Pupils equal, round and reactive to light. Anicteric. Oropharynx clear and moist.,Neck: Supple. No lymphadenopathy or carotid bruits. No thyromegaly or masses.,CHEST: Clear to auscultation bilaterally.,CV: Tachycardic but regular rhythm, normal S1/S2, no murmurs/rubs/gallops.,Abd: Soft, active bowel sounds. Tender in the epigastrium and right upper quadrant with palpation associated with slight guarding. No rebound tenderness. No hepatomegaly. No splenomegaly.,Rectal: Stool was brown and guaiac negative.,Ext: No cyanosis/clubbing/edema.,Neurological: He was alert and oriented x3. CN II-XII intact. Normal 2+ DTRs. No focal neurological deficit.,Skin: No jaundice. No skin rashes or lesions.,IMAGING DATA:,CT Abdomen with contrast ( 11/29/03 ): There is a 6x6 cm multilobular hypodense mass seen at the level of the hepatic hilum and caudate lobe which is resulting in mass effect with dilatation of the intrahepatic radicals of the left lobe of the liver. The rest of the liver parenchyma is homogeneous. The gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands and kidneys are within normal limits. The retroperitoneal vascular structures are within normal limits. There is no evidence of lymphadenopathy, free fluid or fluid collections.,HOSPITAL COURSE:, The patient was admitted to the hospital for further evaluation. A diagnostic procedure was performed. | null |
3,566 | Ivor-Lewis esophagogastrectomy, feeding jejunostomy, placement of two right-sided 28 French chest tubes, and right thoracotomy. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastrectomy, Jejunostomy, & Chest Tubes | OPERATION,1. Ivor-Lewis esophagogastrectomy.,2. Feeding jejunostomy.,3. Placement of two right-sided #28-French chest tubes.,4. Right thoracotomy.,ANESTHESIA: ,General endotracheal anesthesia with a dual-lumen tube.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , After obtaining informed consent from the patient, including a thorough explanation of the risks and benefits of the aforementioned procedure, the patient was taken to the operating room and general endotracheal anesthesia was administered. Prior to administration of general anesthesia, the patient had an epidural anesthesia placed. In addition, he had a dual-lumen endotracheal tube placed. The patient was placed in the supine position to begin the procedure. His abdomen and chest were prepped and draped in the standard surgical fashion. After applying sterile dressings, a #10-blade scalpel was used to make an upper midline incision from the level of the xiphoid to just below the umbilicus. Dissection was carried down through the linea using Bovie electrocautery. The abdomen was opened. Next, a Balfour retractor was positioned as well as a mechanical retractor. Next, our attention was turned to freeing up the stomach. In an attempt to do so, we identified the right gastroepiploic artery and arcade. We incised the omentum and retracted it off the stomach and gastroepiploic arcade. The omentum was divided using suture ligature with 2-0 silk. We did this along the greater curvature and then moved to the lesser curvature where the short gastric arteries were taken down with ligation using 2-0 silk. Next, we turned our attention to performing a Kocher maneuver. This was done and the stomach was freed up. We took down the falciform ligament as well as the caudate attachment to the diaphragm. We enlarged the diaphragmatic hiatus so as to be able to place approximately 3 fingers into the chest. We also did a portion of the esophageal dissection from the abdomen into the chest area. The esophagus and the esophageal hiatus were identified in the abdomen. We next turned our attention to the left gastric artery. The left gastric artery was identified at the base of the stomach. We first took the left gastric vein by ligating and dividing it using 0 silk ties. The left gastric artery was next taken using suture ligature with silk ties followed by 2-0 stick tie reinforcement. At this point the stomach was freely mobile. We then turned our attention to performing our jejunostomy feeding tube. A 2-0 Vicryl pursestring was placed in the jejunum approximately 20 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz. We then used Bovie electrocautery to open the jejunum at this site. We placed a 16-French red rubber catheter through this site. We tied down in place. We then used 3-0 silk sutures to perform a Witzel. Next, the loop of jejunum was tacked up to the abdominal wall using 2-0 silk ties. After doing so and pulling the feeding jejunostomy out through the skin and securing it appropriately, we turned our attention to closing the abdomen. This was done with #1 Prolene. We put in a 2nd layer of 2-0 Vicryl. The skin was closed with 4-0 Monocryl.,Next, we turned our attention to performing the thoracic portion of the procedure. The patient was placed in the left lateral decubitus position. The right chest was prepped and draped appropriately. We then used a #10 blade scalpel to make an incision in a posterolateral, non-muscle-sparing fashion. Dissection was carried down to the level of the ribs with Bovie electrocautery. Next, the ribs were counted and the 5th interspace was entered. The lung was deflated. We placed standard chest retractors. Next, we incised the peritoneum over the esophagus. We dissected the esophagus to just above the azygos vein. The azygos vein, in fact, was taken with 0 silk ligatures and reinforced with 2-0 stick ties. As mentioned, we dissected the esophagus both proximally and distally down to the level of the hiatus. After doing this, we backed our NG tube out to above the level where we planned to perform our pursestring. We used an automatic pursestring and applied. We then transected the proximal portion of the stomach with Metzenbaum scissors. We secured our pursestring and then placed a 28 anvil in the divided proximal portion of the esophagus. The pursestring was then tied down without difficulty. Next, we tabularized our stomach using a #80 GIA stapler. After doing so, we chose a portion of the stomach more distally and opened it using Bovie electrocautery. We placed our EEA stapler through it and then punched out through the gastric wall. We connected our anvil to the EEA stapler. This was then secured appropriately. We checked to make sure that there was appropriate muscle apposition. We then fired the stapler. We obtained 2 complete rings, 1 of the esophagus and 1 of the stomach, which were sent for pathology. We also sent the gastroesophageal specimen for pathology. Of note was the fact that the frozen section showed no evidence of tumor and in the proximal distal margins. We then turned our attention to closing the gastrostomy opening. This was closed with 2-0 Vicryl in a running fashion. We then buttressed this with serosal 3-0 Vicryl interrupted sutures. We returned the newly constructed gastroesophageal anastomosis into the chest and covered it by covering the pleura over it. Next, we placed two #28-French chest tubes, 1 anteriorly and 1 posteriorly, taking care not to place it near the anastomosis. We then closed the chest with #2 Vicryl in an interrupted figure-of-eight fashion. The lung was brought up. We closed the muscle layers with #0 Vicryl followed by #0 Vicryl; then we closed the subcutaneous layer with 2-0 Vicryl and the skin with 4-0 Monocryl. Sterile dressing was applied. The instrument and sponge count was correct at the end of the case. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was extubated in the operating room and transferred to the ICU in good condition. | gastroenterology, ivor-lewis, esophagogastrectomy, jejunostomy, thoracotomy, dual-lumen tube, chest tubes, bovie electrocautery, chest, endotracheal, electrocautery, abdomen, gastric, esophagus, tubes, vicryl, stomach, |
3,567 | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with brush cytology and biopsy. | Gastroenterology | ERCP | PROCEDURE:, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with brush cytology and biopsy.,INDICATION FOR THE PROCEDURE:, Patient with a history of chronic abdominal pain and CT showing evidence of chronic pancreatitis, with a recent upper endoscopy showing an abnormal-appearing ampulla.,MEDICATIONS:, General anesthesia.,The risks of the procedure were made aware to the patient and consisted of medication reaction, bleeding, perforation, aspiration, and post ERCP pancreatitis.,DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURE: ,After informed consent and appropriate sedation, the duodenoscope was inserted into the oropharynx, down the esophagus, and into the stomach. The scope was then advanced through the pylorus to the ampulla. The ampulla had a markedly abnormal appearance, as it was enlarged and very prominent. It extended outward with an almost polypoid shape. It had what appeared to be adenomatous-appearing mucosa on the tip. There also was ulceration noted on the tip of this ampulla. The biliary and pancreatic orifices were identified. This was located not at the tip of the ampulla, but rather more towards the base. Cannulation was performed with a Wilson-Cooke TriTome sphincterotome with easy cannulation of the biliary tree. The common bile duct was mildly dilated, measuring approximately 12 mm. The intrahepatic ducts were minimally dilated. There were no filling defects identified. There was felt to be a possible stricture within the distal common bile duct, but this likely represented an anatomic variant given the abnormal shape of the ampulla. The patient has no evidence of obstruction based on lab work and clinically. Nevertheless, it was decided to proceed with brush cytology of this segment. This was done without any complications. There was adequate drainage of the biliary tree noted throughout the procedure. Multiple efforts were made to access the pancreatic ductal anatomy; however, because of the shape of the ampulla, this was unsuccessful. Efforts were made to proceed in a long scope position, but still were unsuccessful. Next, biopsies were obtained of the ampulla away from the biliary orifice. Four biopsies were taken. There was some minor oozing which had ceased by the end of the procedure. The stomach was then decompressed and the endoscope was withdrawn.,FINDINGS:,1. Abnormal papilla with bulging, polypoid appearance, and looks adenomatous with ulceration on the tip; biopsies taken.,2. Cholangiogram reveals mildly dilated common bile duct measuring 12 mm and possible distal CBD stricture, although I think this is likely an anatomic variant; brush cytology obtained.,3. Unable to access the pancreatic duct.,RECOMMENDATIONS:,1. NPO except ice chips today.,2. Will proceed with MRCP to better delineate pancreatic ductal anatomy.,3. Follow up biopsies and cytology. | gastroenterology, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, biopsy, brush cytology, cholangiopancreatography, pancreatitis, endoscopy, duodenoscope, wilson-cooke tritome, ampulla, common bile duct, ercp, endoscopic, biliary, pancreatic, duct, biopsies, cytology |
3,568 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy, a 1-year-10-month-old with a history of dysphagia to solids. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 1 | PROCEDURE: , Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , A 1-year-10-month-old with a history of dysphagia to solids. The procedure was done to rule out organic disease.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES: , Loose lower esophageal sphincter and duodenal ulcers.,CONSENT: , The consent is signed.,MEDICATIONS: ,The procedure was done under general anesthesia given by Dr. Marino Fernandez.,COMPLICATIONS:, None.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL:, A history and physical examination were performed, and the procedure, indications, potential complications including bleeding, perforation, the need for surgery, infection, adverse medical reaction, risks, benefits, and alternatives available were explained to the parents, who stated good understanding and consented to go ahead with the procedure. The opportunity for questions was provided, and informed consent was obtained. Once the consent was obtained, the patient was sedated with IV medications and intubated by Dr. Fernandez and placed in the supine position. Then, the tip of the XP-160 videoscope was introduced into the oropharynx, and under direct visualization, we could advance the endoscope into the upper, mid, and lower esophagus. We did not find any strictures in the upper esophagus, but the patient had the lower esophageal sphincter totally loose. Then the tip of the endoscope was advanced down into the stomach and guided into the pylorus, and then into the first portion of the duodenum. We noticed that the patient had several ulcers in the first portion of the duodenum. Then the tip of the endoscope was advanced down into the second portion of the duodenum, one biopsy was taken there, and then, the tip of the endoscope was brought back to the first portion, and two biopsies were taken there. Then, the tip of the endoscope was brought back to the antrum, where two biopsies were taken, and one biopsy for CLOtest. By retroflexed view, at the level of the body of the stomach, I could see that the patient had the lower esophageal sphincter loose. Finally, the endoscope was unflexed and was brought back to the lower esophagus, where two biopsies were taken. At the end, air was suctioned from the stomach, and the endoscope was removed out of the patient's mouth. The patient tolerated the procedure well with no complications.,FINAL IMPRESSION: ,1. Duodenal ulcers.,2. Loose lower esophageal sphincter.,PLAN:,1. To start omeprazole 20 mg a day.,2. To review the biopsies.,3. To return the patient back to clinic in 1 to 2 weeks. | gastroenterology, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, esophageal, biopsies, endoscope |
3,569 | The patient was brought to the OR with the known 4 cm abdominal aortic aneurysm + 2.5 cm right common iliac artery aneurysm. | Gastroenterology | Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Abdominal aortic aneurysm.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Abdominal aortic aneurysm.,OPERATION PERFORMED:, Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.,FINDINGS: , The patient was brought to the OR with the known 4 cm abdominal aortic aneurysm + 2.5 cm right common iliac artery aneurysm. A Gore exclusive device was used 3 pieces were used to effect the repair. We had to place an iliac extender down in to right external iliac artery to manage the right common iliac artery aneurysm. The right hypogastric artery had been previously coiled off. Left common femoral artery was used for the _____ side. We had small type 2 leak right underneath the take off the renal arteries, this was not felt to be type I leak and this was very delayed filling and it was felt that this was highly indicative of type 2 leak from a lumbar artery, which commonly come off in this area. It was felt that this would seal after reversal of the anticoagulation given sufficient time.,PROCEDURE: , With the patient supine position under general anesthesia, the abdomen and lower extremities were prepped and draped in a sterile fashion.,Bilateral groin incisions were made, and the common femoral arteries were dissected out bilaterally. The patient was then heparinized.,The 7-French sheaths were then placed retrograde bilaterally.,A stiff Amplatz wires were then placed up the right femoral artery and a stiff Amplatz were placed left side a calibrated catheter was placed up the right side. The calibrated aortogram was the done. We marked the renal arteries aortic bifurcation and bifurcation, common iliac arteries. We then preceded placement of the main trunk, by replacing the 7 French sheath in the left groin area with 18-french sheath and then deployed the trunk body just below the take off renal arteries.,Once the main trunk has been deployed within wired _____ then deployed an iliac limb down in to the right common iliac artery. As noted above, we then had to place an iliac extension, down in the external iliac artery to exclude the right common iliac artery and resume completely.,Following completion of the above all arteries were ballooned appropriately. A completion angiogram was done which showed late small type 2 leak just under the take off renal arteries. The area was ballooned aggressively. It was felt that this would dissolve as discussed above.,Following completion of the above all wire sheaths etc., were removed from both groin areas. Both femoral arteries were repaired by primary suture technique. Flow was then reestablished to the lower extremities, and protamine was given to reverse the heparin.,Both surgical sites were then irrigated thoroughly. Meticulous hemostasis was achieved. Both wounds were then closed in a routine layered fashion.,Sterile antibiotic dressings were applied. Sponge and needle counts were reported as correct. The patient tolerated the procedure well the patient was taken to the recovery room in satisfactory condition. | gastroenterology, gore, common iliac artery aneurysm, abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, abdominal aortic aneurysm, common iliac, aortic aneurysm, iliac artery, artery, aneurysm, iliac, abdominal, aortic, arteries, |
3,570 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy and snare polypectomy - Iron-deficiency anemia | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy | PROCEDURE:, Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy and snare polypectomy.,INDICATION FOR THE PROCEDURE:, Iron-deficiency anemia.,MEDICATIONS:, MAC.,The risks of the procedure were made aware to the patient and consisted of medication reaction, bleeding, perforation, and aspiration.,PROCEDURE:, After informed consent and appropriate sedation, the upper endoscope was inserted into the oropharynx down into the stomach and beyond the pylorus and the second portion of the duodenum. The duodenal mucosa was completely normal. The pylorus was normal. In the stomach, there was evidence of diffuse atrophic-appearing nodular gastritis. Multiple biopsies were obtained. There also was a 1.5-cm adenomatous appearing polyp along the greater curvature at the junction of the body and antrum. There was mild ulceration on the tip of this polyp. It was decided to remove the polyp via snare polypectomy. Retroflexion was performed, and this revealed a small hiatal hernia in the distal esophagus. The Z-line was identified and was unremarkable. The esophageal mucosa was normal.,FINDINGS:,1. Hiatal hernia.,2. Diffuse nodular and atrophic appearing gastritis, biopsies taken.,3. A 1.5-cm polyp with ulceration along the greater curvature, removed.,RECOMMENDATIONS:,1. Follow up biopsies.,2. Continue PPI.,3. Hold Lovenox for 5 days.,4. Place SCDs. | gastroenterology, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, iron-deficiency, iron-deficiency anemia, anemia, biopsy, endoscope, esophageal mucosa, esophagus, hiatal hernia, polypectomy, snare polypectomy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy, iron deficiency anemia, |
3,571 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with antral biopsies for H. pylori x2 with biopsy forceps. Nausea and vomiting and upper abdominal pain. | Gastroenterology | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy - 10 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Nausea and vomiting and upper abdominal pain.,POST PROCEDURE DIAGNOSIS: ,Normal upper endoscopy.,OPERATION: , Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with antral biopsies for H. pylori x2 with biopsy forceps.,ANESTHESIA:, IV sedation 50 mg Demerol, 8 mg of Versed.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was taken to the endoscopy suite. After adequate IV sedation with the above medications, hurricane was sprayed in the mouth as well as in the esophagus. A bite block was placed and the gastroscope placed into the mouth and was passed into the esophagus and negotiated through the esophagus, stomach, and pylorus. The first, second, and third portions of the duodenum were normal. The scope was withdrawn into the antrum which was normal and two bites with the biopsy forceps were taken in separate spots for H. pylori. The scope was retroflexed which showed a normal GE junction from the inside of the stomach and no evidence of pathology or paraesophageal hernia. The scope was withdrawn at the GE junction which was in a normal position with a normal transition zone. The scope was then removed throughout the esophagus which was normal. The patient tolerated the procedure well.,The plan is to obtain a HIDA scan as the right upper quadrant ultrasound appeared to be normal, although previous ultrasounds several years ago showed a gallstone. | gastroenterology, h. pylori, forceps, antral biopsies, ge junction, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, pylori, esophagus, antral, |
3,572 | Upper endoscopy with biopsy. The patient admitted for coffee-ground emesis, which has been going on for the past several days. An endoscopy is being done to evaluate for source of upper GI bleeding. | Gastroenterology | Endoscopy With Biopsy | PROCEDURE:, Upper endoscopy with biopsy.,PROCEDURE INDICATION: , This is a 44-year-old man who was admitted for coffee-ground emesis, which has been going on for the past several days. An endoscopy is being done to evaluate for source of upper GI bleeding.,Informed consent was obtained. Outlining the risks, benefits and alternatives of the procedure included, but not to risks of bleeding, infection, perforation, the patient agreed for the procedure.,MEDICATIONS: , Versed 4 mg IV push and fentanyl 75 mcg IV push given throughout the procedure in incremental fashion with careful monitoring of patient's pressures and vital signs.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: ,The patient was placed in the left lateral decubitus position. Medications were given. After adequate sedation was achieved, the Olympus video endoscope was inserted into the mouth and advanced towards the duodenum. | gastroenterology, coffee-ground emesis, gi bleeding, upper endoscopy, iv push, esophagus, duodenum, mucosa, stomach, endoscopy, biopsy, |
3,573 | Intermittent rectal bleeding with abdominal pain. | Gastroenterology | Endoscopy - 4 | PROCEDURE: , Endoscopy.,CLINICAL INDICATIONS: , Intermittent rectal bleeding with abdominal pain.,ANESTHESIA: , Fentanyl 100 mcg and 5 mg of IV Versed.,PROCEDURE:, The patient was taken to the GI lab and placed in the left lateral supine position. Continuous pulse oximetry and blood pressure monitoring were in place. After informed consent was obtained, the video endoscope was inserted over the dorsum of the tongue without difficulty. With swallowing, the scope was advanced down the esophagus into the body of the stomach. The scope was further advanced down to the antrum and through the pylorus into the duodenum, which was visualized into its second portion. It appeared free of stricture, neoplasm, or ulceration. Samples were obtained from the antrum and prepyloric area to check for Helicobacter, rapid urease, and additional samples were sent to pathology. Retroflexion view of the fundus of the stomach was normal without evidence of a hiatal hernia. The scope was then slowly removed. The distal esophagus appeared benign with a normal-appearing gastroesophageal sphincter and no esophagitis. The remaining portion of the esophagus was normal.,IMPRESSION:, Abdominal pain. Symptoms most consistent with gastroesophageal reflux disease without endoscopic evidence of hiatal hernia.,RECOMMENDATIONS:, Await results of CLO testing and biopsies. Return to clinic with Dr. Spencer in 2 weeks for further discussion. | gastroenterology, duodenum, stomach, hiatal hernia, endoscopy, antrum, hiatal, hernia, gastroesophageal, scope, esophagus, abdominal |
3,574 | Epigastric herniorrhaphy. Epigastric hernia. | Gastroenterology | Epigastric Herniorrhaphy | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Epigastric hernia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Epigastric hernia.,OPERATIONS:, Epigastric herniorrhaphy.,ANESTHESIA: , General inhalation.,PROCEDURE: , Following attainment of satisfactory anesthesia, the patient's abdomen was prepped with Hibiclens and draped sterilely. The hernia mass had been marked preoperatively. This area was anesthetized with a mixture of Marcaine and Xylocaine. A transverse incision was made over the hernia and dissection carried down to the entrapped fat. Sharp dissection was carried around the fat down to the fascial edge. The preperitoneal fat could not be reduced; therefore, it is trimmed away and the small fascial defect then closed with interrupted 0-Ethibond sutures. The fascial edges were injected with the local anesthetic mixture. Subcutaneous tissues were then closed with interrupted 4-0 Vicryl and skin edges closed with running subcuticular 4-0 Vicryl. Steri-Strips and a sterile dressing were applied to complete the closure. The patient was then awakened and taken to the PACU in satisfactory condition.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: , 10 mL.,SPONGE AND NEEDLE COUNT: , Reported as correct.,COMPLICATIONS: , None. | gastroenterology, hibiclens, epigastric herniorrhaphy, epigastric hernia, herniorrhaphy, |
3,575 | Normal upper GI endoscopy. | Gastroenterology | Endoscopy Template | INDICATIONS:, Dysphagia.,PREMEDICATION:, Topical Cetacaine spray and Versed IV.,PROCEDURE:,: The scope was passed into the esophagus under direct vision. The esophageal mucosa was all unremarkable. There was no evidence of any narrowing present anywhere throughout the esophagus and no evidence of esophagitis. The scope was passed on down into the stomach. The gastric mucosa was all examined including a retroflexed view of the fundus and there were no abnormalities seen. The scope was then passed into the duodenum and the duodenal bulb and second and third portions of the duodenum were unremarkable. The scope was again slowly withdrawn through the esophagus and no evidence of narrowing was present. The scope was then withdrawn.,IMPRESSION:, Normal upper GI endoscopy without any evidence of anatomical narrowing. | gastroenterology, dysphagia, cetacaine spray, esophagus, esophageal mucosa, duodenum, scope was passed, upper gi, gi endoscopy, gi, endoscopy, scope |
3,576 | Patient with dysphagia. | Gastroenterology | Endoscopy - 3 | PROCEDURES PERFORMED: , Endoscopy.,INDICATIONS: , Dysphagia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Esophageal ring and active reflux esophagitis.,PROCEDURE: , Informed consent was obtained prior to the procedure from the parents and patient. The oral cavity is sprayed with lidocaine spray. A bite block is placed. Versed IV 5 mg and 100 mcg of IV fentanyl was given in cautious increments. The GIF-160 diagnostic gastroscope used. The patient was alert during the procedure. The esophagus was intubated under direct visualization. The scope was advanced toward the GE junction with active reflux esophagitis involving the distal one-third of the esophagus noted. The stomach was unremarkable. Retroflexed exam unremarkable. Duodenum not intubated in order to minimize the time spent during the procedure. The patient was alert although not combative. A balloon was then inserted across the GE junction, 15 mm to 18 mm, and inflated to 3, 4.7, and 7 ATM, and left inflated at 18 mm for 45 seconds. The balloon was then deflated. The patient became uncomfortable and a good-size adequate distal esophageal tear was noted. The scope and balloon were then withdrawn. The patient left in good condition.,IMPRESSION: , Successful dilation of distal esophageal fracture in the setting of active reflux esophagitis albeit mild.,PLAN: , I will recommend that the patient be on lifelong proton pump inhibition and have repeat endoscopy performed as needed. This has been discussed with the parents. He was sent home with a prescription for omeprazole. | gastroenterology, active reflux esophagitis, ge junction, distal esophageal, active reflux, reflux esophagitis, dysphagia, esophagus, scope, ge, junction, endoscopy, esophageal, reflux, esophagitis, distal, balloon |
3,577 | EGD with photos and biopsies. This is a 75-year-old female who presents with difficulty swallowing, occasional choking, and odynophagia. She has a previous history of hiatal hernia. She was on Prevacid currently. | Gastroenterology | EGD With Photos & Biopsies. | 1. Odynophagia.,2. Dysphagia.,3. Gastroesophageal reflux disease rule out stricture.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Antral gastritis.,2. Hiatal hernia.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: EGD with photos and biopsies.,GROSS FINDINGS: This is a 75-year-old female who presents with difficulty swallowing, occasional choking, and odynophagia. She has a previous history of hiatal hernia. She was on Prevacid currently. At this time, an EGD was performed to rule out stricture. At the time of EGD, there was noted some antral gastritis and hiatal hernia. There are no strictures, tumors, masses, or varices present.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE: The patient was taken to the Endoscopy Suite in the lateral decubitus position. She was given sedation by the Department Of Anesthesia. Once adequate sedation was reached, the Olympus gastroscope was inserted into oropharynx. With air insufflation entered through the proximal esophagus to the GE junction. The esophagus was without evidence of tumors, masses, ulcerations, esophagitis, strictures, or varices. There was a hiatal hernia present. The scope was passed through the hiatal hernia into the body of the stomach. In the distal antrum, there was some erythema with patchy erythematous changes with small superficial erosions. Multiple biopsies were obtained. The scope was passed through the pylorus into the duodenal bulb and duodenal suite, they appeared within normal limits. The scope was pulled back from the stomach, retroflexed upon itself, _____ fundus and GE junction. As stated, multiple biopsies were obtained.,The scope was then slowly withdrawn. The patient tolerated the procedure well and sent to recovery room in satisfactory condition. | gastroenterology, odynophagia, dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, antral gastritis, hiatal hernia, difficulty swallowing, esophagus, stomach, duodenal, egd, biopsies, hiatal, hernia, |
3,578 | Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. | Gastroenterology | Endoscopy | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Anemia.,PROCEDURE:, Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Severe duodenitis.,2. Gastroesophageal junction small ulceration seen.,3. No major bleeding seen in the stomach.,PROCEDURE IN DETAIL: , The patient was put in left lateral position. Olympus scope was inserted from the mouth, under direct visualization advanced to the upper part of the stomach, upper part of esophagus, middle of esophagus, GE junction, and some intermittent bleeding was seen at the GE junction. Advanced into the upper part of the stomach into the antrum. The duodenum showed extreme duodenitis and the scope was then brought back. Retroflexion was performed, which was normal. Scope was then brought back slowly. Duodenitis was seen and a little bit of ulceration seen at GE junction.,FINDING: , Severe duodenitis, may be some source of bleeding from there, but no active bleeding at this time. | gastroenterology, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, ge junction, gastrointestinal, esophagus, endoscopy, stomach, duodenitis, bleeding |
3,579 | EGD with dilation for dysphagia. | Gastroenterology | EGD with Dilation | INDICATION: , | gastroenterology, egd, hurricaine spray, olympus endoscope, savary wire, cricopharyngeus, decubitus, dilator, duodenum, dysphagia, esophagus, hiatal hernia, peptic, pylorus, stomach, tortuosity, egd with dilation, tortuous, scope, hiatal, hernia, |
3,580 | Patient admitted because of recurrent nausea and vomiting, with displacement of the GEJ feeding tube. | Gastroenterology | EGD with Biopsy - 1 | PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , EGD with biopsy.,INDICATION: , Mrs. ABC is a pleasant 45-year-old female with a history of severe diabetic gastroparesis, who had a gastrojejunal feeding tube placed radiologically approximately 2 months ago. She was admitted because of recurrent nausea and vomiting, with displacement of the GEJ feeding tube. A CT scan done yesterday revealed evidence of feeding tube remnant still seen within the stomach. The endoscopy is done to confirm this and remove it, as well as determine if there are any other causes to account for her symptoms. Physical examination done prior to the procedure was unremarkable, apart from upper abdominal tenderness.,MEDICATIONS: , Fentanyl 25 mcg, Versed 2 mg, 2% lidocaine spray to the pharynx.,INSTRUMENT: , GIF 160.,PROCEDURE REPORT:, Informed consent was obtained from Mrs. ABC's sister, after the risks and benefits of the procedure were carefully explained, which included but were not limited to bleeding, infection, perforation, and allergic reaction to the medications. Consent was not obtained from Mrs. Morales due to her recent narcotic administration. Conscious sedation was achieved with the patient lying in the left lateral decubitus position. The endoscope was then passed through the mouth, into the esophagus, the stomach, where retroflexion was performed, and it was advanced into the second portion of the duodenum.,FINDINGS:,1. ESOPHAGUS: There was evidence of grade C esophagitis, with multiple white-based ulcers seen from the distal to the proximal esophagus, at 12 cm in length. Multiple biopsies were obtained from this region and placed in jar #1.,2. STOMACH: Small hiatal hernia was noted within the cardia of the stomach. There was an indentation/scar from the placement of the previous PEG tube and there was suture material noted within the body and antrum of the stomach. The remainder of the stomach examination was normal. There was no feeding tube remnant seen within the stomach.,3. DUODENUM: This was normal.,COMPLICATIONS:, None.,ASSESSMENT:,1. Grade C esophagitis seen within the distal, mid, and proximal esophagus.,2. Small hiatal hernia.,3. Evidence of scarring at the site of the previous feeding tube, as well as suture line material seen in the body and antrum of the stomach.,PLAN: , Followup results of the biopsies and will have radiology replace her gastrojejunal feeding tube. | gastroenterology, recurrent nausea and vomiting, egd with biopsy, nausea and vomiting, gastrojejunal feeding tube, feeding tube remnant, recurrent nausea, gej feeding, gastrojejunal feeding, proximal esophagus, hiatal hernia, feeding tube, egd, biopsy, nausea, vomiting, gej, gastrojejunal, duodenum, esophagitis, multiple, distal, biopsies, hiatal, hernia, antrum, esophagus, feeding, tube, stomach, |
3,581 | Melena and solitary erosion over a fold at the GE junction, gastric side. | Gastroenterology | Endoscopy - 2 | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Melena.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Solitary erosion over a fold at the GE junction, gastric side.,PREMEDICATIONS: , Versed 5 mg IV.,REPORTED PROCEDURE:, The Olympus gastroscope was used. The scope was placed in the upper esophagus under direct visit. The esophageal mucosa was entirely normal. There was no evidence of erosions or ulceration. There was no evidence of varices. The body and antrum of the stomach were normal. They pylorus duodenum bulb and descending duodenum are normal. There was no blood present within the stomach.,The scope was then brought back into the stomach and retroflexed in order to inspect the upper portion of the body of the stomach. When this was done, a prominent fold was seen lying along side the GE junction along with gastric side and there was a solitary erosion over this fold. The lesion was not bleeding. If this fold were in any other location of the stomach, I would consider the fold, but at this location, one would have to consider that this would be an isolated gastric varix. As such, the erosion may be more significant. There was no bleeding. Obviously, no manipulation of the lesion was undertaken. The scope was then straightened, withdrawn, and the procedure terminated.,ENDOSCOPIC IMPRESSION:,1. Solitary erosion overlying a prominent fold at the gastroesophageal junction, gastric side – may simply be an erosion or may be an erosion over a varix.,2. Otherwise unremarkable endoscopy - no evidence of a bleeding lesion of the stomach.,PLAN:,1. Liver profile today.,2. Being Nexium 40 mg a day.,3. Scheduled colonoscopy for next week. | gastroenterology, ge junction, melena, olympus gastroscope, solitary erosion, descending duodenum, esophageal mucosa, esophagus, gastric side, pylorus duodenum bulb, stomach, liver profile, colonoscopy, ge junction gastric, junction gastric, endoscopy, duodenum, scope, solitary, junction, gastric, erosion, |
3,582 | Common description of EGD | Gastroenterology | EGD Template - 4 | null | gastroenterology, lateral supine position, stomach, duodenum, stricture, egd, advanced, scopeNOTE,: Thesetranscribed medical transcription sample reports and examples are provided by various users andare for reference purpose only. MTHelpLine does not certify accuracy and quality of sample reports.These transcribed medical transcription sample reports may include some uncommon or unusual formats;this would be due to the preference of the dictating physician. All names and dates have beenchanged (or removed) to keep confidentiality. Any resemblance of any type of name or date orplace or anything else to real world is purely incidental., |
3,583 | Common description of EGD. | Gastroenterology | EGD Template - 3 | without difficulty, into the upper GI tract. The anatomy and mucosa of the esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, stomach, pylorus, and small bowel were all carefully inspected. All structures were visually normal in appearance. Biopsies of the distal duodenum, gastric antrum, and distal esophagus were taken and sent for pathological evaluation. The endoscope and insufflated air were slowly removed from the upper GI tract. A repeat look at the structures involved again showed no visible abnormalities, except for the biopsy sites.,The patient tolerated the procedure with excellent comfort and stable vital signs. After a recovery period in the Endoscopy Suite, the patient is discharged to continue recovering in the family's care at home. The family knows to follow up with me today if there are concerns about the patient's recovery,from the procedure. They will follow up with me later this week for biopsy and CLO test results so that appropriate further diagnostic and therapeutic plans can be made., | gastroenterology, gastric antrum, distal duodenum, distal esophagus, esophagus, duodenum, clo test, upper gi tract, upper gi, gi tract, egd, endoscope, gi, tract, structures, distal, biopsyNOTE,: Thesetranscribed medical transcription sample reports and examples are provided by various users andare for reference purpose only. MTHelpLine does not certify accuracy and quality of sample reports.These transcribed medical transcription sample reports may include some uncommon or unusual formats;this would be due to the preference of the dictating physician. All names and dates have beenchanged (or removed) to keep confidentiality. Any resemblance of any type of name or date orplace or anything else to real world is purely incidental., |
3,584 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy. Patient has had biliary colic-type symptoms for the past 3-1/2 weeks, characterized by severe pain, and brought on by eating greasy foods. | Gastroenterology | EGD with Biopsy - 2 | TYPE OF PROCEDURE: , Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Abdominal pain.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:, Normal endoscopy.,PREMEDICATION: , Fentanyl 125 mcg IV, Versed 8 mg IV.,INDICATIONS: ,This healthy 28-year-old woman has had biliary colic-type symptoms for the past 3-1/2 weeks, characterized by severe pain, and brought on by eating greasy foods. She has had similar episodes couple of years ago and was told, at one point, that she had gallstones, but after her pregnancy, a repeat ultrasound was done, and apparently was normal, and nothing was done at that time. She was evaluated in the emergency department recently, when she developed this recurrent pain, and laboratory studies were unrevealing. Ultrasound was normal and a HIDA scan was done, which showed a low normal ejection fraction of 40%, and moderate reproduction of her pain. Endoscopy was requested to make sure there is not upper GI source of her pain before considering cholecystectomy.,PROCEDURE: , The patient was premedicated and the Olympus GIF 160 video endoscope advanced to the distal duodenum. Gastric biopsies were taken to rule out Helicobacter and the procedure was completed without complication.,IMPRESSION: ,Normal endoscopy.,PLAN: , Refer to a general surgeon for consideration of cholecystectomy. | gastroenterology, hida scan, endoscopy, gallstones, olympus, esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy, biliary colic, colic type, greasy foods, normal endoscopy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, biliary, colic, greasy, foods, cholecystectomy, biopsy, |
3,585 | EGD with PEG tube placement using Russell technique. Protein-calorie malnutrition, intractable nausea, vomiting, and dysphagia, and enterogastritis. | Gastroenterology | EGD & PEG Tube Placement | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. protein-calorie malnutrition.,2. Intractable nausea, vomiting, and dysphagia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Protein-calorie malnutrition.,2. Intractable nausea, vomiting, and dysphagia.,3. Enterogastritis.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , EGD with PEG tube placement using Russell technique.,ANESTHESIA: , IV sedation with 1% lidocaine for local.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: ,None.,COMPLICATIONS: ,None.,BRIEF HISTORY: , This is a 44-year-old African-American female who is well known to this service. She has been hospitalized multiple times for intractable nausea and vomiting and dehydration. She states that her decreased p.o. intake has been progressively worsening. She was admitted to the service of Dr. Lang and was evaluated by Dr. Wickless as well all of whom agreed that the best option for supplemental nutrition for this patient was placement of a PEG tube.,PROCEDURE: , After risks, complications, and benefits were explained to the patient and informed consent was obtained, the patient was taken to the operating room. She was placed in the supine position. The area was prepped and draped in the sterile fashion. After adequate IV sedation was obtained by anesthesia, esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed. The esophagus, stomach, and duodenum were visualized without difficulty. There was no gross evidence of any malignancy. There was some enterogastritis which was noted upon exam. The appropriate location was noted on the anterior wall of the stomach. This area was localized externally with 1% lidocaine. Large gauge needle was used to enter the lumen of the stomach under visualization. A guide wire was then passed again under visualization and the needle was subsequently removed. A scalpel was used to make a small incision, next to the guidewire and ensuring that the underlying fascia was nicked as well. A dilator with break-away sheath was then inserted over the guidewire and under direct visualization was seen to enter the lumen of the stomach without difficulty. The guidewire and dilator were then removed again under visualization and the PEG tube was placed through the break-away sheath and visualized within the lumen of the stomach. The balloon was then insufflated and the break-away sheath was then pulled away. Proper placement of the tube was ensured through visualization with a scope. The tube was then sutured into place using nylon suture. Appropriate sterile dressing was applied.,DISPOSITION: ,The patient was transferred to the recovery in a stable condition. She was subsequently returned to her room on the General Medical Floor. Previous orders will be resumed. We will instruct the Nursing that the PEG tube can be used at 5 p.m. this evening for medications if necessary and bolus feedings. | gastroenterology, protein-calorie malnutrition, nausea, vomiting, peg tube placement, russell technique, peg tube, egd, protein, dysphagia, malnutrition, enterogastritis |
3,586 | Common description of EGD. | Gastroenterology | EGD Template - 2 | The patient was placed in the left lateral decubitus position, medicated with the above medications to achieve and maintain a conscious sedation. Vital signs were monitored throughout the procedure without evidence of hemodynamic compromise or desaturation.,The Olympus single-channel endoscope was passed under direct visualization through the oral cavity and advanced to the second portion of the duodenum.,FINDINGS:,ESOPHAGUS: Proximal and mid esophagus were without abnormalities.,STOMACH: Insufflated and retroflexed visualization of the gastric cavity revealed,DUODENUM: Normal. | gastroenterology, gastric cavity, lateral decubitus position, endoscope, olympus, egd, visualization, cavity, duodenum, esophagusNOTE |
3,587 | Upper endoscopy, patient with dysphagia. | Gastroenterology | Endoscopy - 1 | PROCEDURE:, Upper endoscopy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Dysphagia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS:,1. GERD, biopsied.,2. Distal esophageal reflux-induced stricture, dilated to 18 mm.,3. Otherwise normal upper endoscopy.,MEDICATIONS: , Fentanyl 125 mcg and Versed 7 mg slow IV push.,INDICATIONS: , This is a 50-year-old white male with dysphagia, which has improved recently with Aciphex.,FINDINGS: , The patient was placed in the left lateral decubitus position and the above medications were administered. The oropharynx was sprayed with Cetacaine. The endoscope was passed, under direct visualization, into the esophagus. The squamocolumnar junction was irregular and edematous. Biopsies were obtained for histology. There was a mild ring at the LES, which was dilated with a 15 to 18 mm balloon, with no resultant mucosal trauma. The entire gastric mucosa was normal, including a retroflexed view of the fundus. The entire duodenal mucosa was normal to the second portion. The patient tolerated the procedure well without complication.,IMPRESSION:,1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, biopsied.,2. Distal esophageal reflux-induced stricture, dilated to 18 mm.,3. Otherwise normal upper endoscopy.,PLAN:,I will await the results of the biopsies. The patient was told to continue maintenance Aciphex and anti-reflux precautions. He will follow up with me on a p.r.n. basis. | gastroenterology, lateral decubitus position, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gerd, normal upper endoscopy, mucosa was normal, esophageal reflux, stricture dilated, upper endoscopy, distal, esophageal, aciphex, biopsies, dysphagia, endoscopy, reflux, |
3,588 | Common description of EGD. | Gastroenterology | EGD Template - 1 | null | gastroenterology, duodenal mucosa, duodenal, esophageal mucosa, fundus, egd, entire, mucosaNOTE,: Thesetranscribed medical transcription sample reports and examples are provided by various users andare for reference purpose only. MTHelpLine does not certify accuracy and quality of sample reports.These transcribed medical transcription sample reports may include some uncommon or unusual formats;this would be due to the preference of the dictating physician. All names and dates have beenchanged (or removed) to keep confidentiality. Any resemblance of any type of name or date orplace or anything else to real world is purely incidental., |
3,589 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, patient with dysphagia. | Gastroenterology | EGD - 2 | PROCEDURES PERFORMED: , Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.,PREPROCEDURE DIAGNOSIS: , Dysphagia.,POSTPROCEDURE DIAGNOSIS: , Active reflux esophagitis, distal esophageal stricture, ring due to reflux esophagitis, dilated with balloon to 18 mm.,PROCEDURE: , Informed consent was obtained prior to the procedure with special attention to benefits, risks, alternatives. Risks explained as bleeding, infection, bowel perforation, aspiration pneumonia, or reaction to the medications. Vital signs were monitored by blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation. Supplemental O2 given. Specifics of the procedure discussed. The procedure was discussed with father and mother as the patient is mentally challenged. He has no complaints of dysphagia usually for solids, better with liquids, worsening over the last 6 months, although there is an emergency department report from last year. He went to the emergency department yesterday with beef jerky.,All of this reviewed. The patient is currently on Cortef, Synthroid, Tegretol, Norvasc, lisinopril, DDAVP. He is being managed for extensive past history due to an astrocytoma, brain surgery, hypothyroidism, endocrine insufficiency. He has not yet undergone significant workup. He has not yet had an endoscopy or barium study performed. He is developmentally delayed due to the surgery, panhypopituitarism.,His family history is significant for his father being of mine, also having reflux issues, without true heartburn, but distal esophageal stricture. The patient does not smoke, does not drink. He is living with his parents. Since his emergency department visitation yesterday, no significant complaints.,Large male, no acute distress. Vital signs monitored in the endoscopy suite. Lungs clear. Cardiac exam showed regular rhythm. Abdomen obese but soft. Extremity exam showed large hands. He was a Mallampati score A, ASA classification type 2.,The procedure discussed with the patient, the patient's mother. Risks, benefits, and alternatives discussed. Potential alternatives for dysphagia, such as motility disorder, given his brain surgery, given the possibility of achalasia and similar discussed. The potential need for a barium swallow, modified barium swallow, and similar discussed. All questions answered. At this point, the patient will undergo endoscopy for evaluation of dysphagia, with potential benefit of the possibility to dilate him should there be a stricture. He may have reflux symptoms, without complaining of heartburn. He may benefit from a trial of PPI. All of this reviewed. All questions answered., | gastroenterology, distal esophageal stricture, reflux esophagitis, distal esophageal, esophageal stricture, barium swallow, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, esophagitis, esophageal, heartburn, stricture, endoscopy, reflux, dysphagia |
3,590 | EGD and colonoscopy. Blood loss anemia, normal colon with no evidence of bleeding, hiatal hernia, fundal gastritis with polyps, and antral mass. | Gastroenterology | EGD & Colonoscopy | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Blood loss anemia.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. Normal colon with no evidence of bleeding.,2. Hiatal hernia.,3. Fundal gastritis with polyps.,4. Antral mass.,ANESTHESIA: , Conscious sedation with Demerol and Versed.,SPECIMEN: ,Antrum and fundal polyps.,HISTORY: , The patient is a 66-year-old African-American female who presented to ABCD Hospital with mental status changes. She has been anemic as well with no gross evidence of blood loss. She has had a decreased appetite with weight loss greater than 20 lb over the past few months. After discussion with the patient and her daughter, she was scheduled for EGD and colonoscopy for evaluation.,PROCEDURE: , After informed consent was obtained, the patient was brought to the endoscopy suite. She was placed in the left lateral position and was given IV Demerol and Versed for sedation. When adequate level of sedation was achieved, a digital rectal exam was performed, which demonstrated no masses and no hemorrhoids. The colonoscope was inserted into the rectum and air was insufflated. The scope was coursed through the rectum and sigmoid colon, descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon to the level of the cecum. There were no polyps, masses, diverticuli, or areas of inflammation. The scope was then slowly withdrawn carefully examining all walls. Air was aspirated. Once in the rectum, the scope was retroflexed. There was no evidence of perianal disease. No source of the anemia was identified.,Attention was then taken for performing an EGD. The gastroscope was inserted into the hypopharynx and was entered into the hypopharynx. The esophagus was easily intubated and traversed. There were no abnormalities of the esophagus. The stomach was entered and was insufflated. The scope was coursed along the greater curvature towards the antrum. Adjacent to the pylorus, towards the anterior surface, was a mass like lesion with a central _______. It was not clear if this represents a healing ulcer or neoplasm. Several biopsies were taken. The mass was soft. The pylorus was then entered. The duodenal bulb and sweep were examined. There was no evidence of mass, ulceration, or bleeding. The scope was then brought back into the antrum and was retroflexed. In the fundus and body, there was evidence of streaking and inflammation. There were also several small sessile polyps, which were removed with biopsy forceps. Biopsy was also taken for CLO. A hiatal hernia was present as well. Air was aspirated. The scope was slowly withdrawn. The GE junction was unremarkable. The scope was fully withdrawn. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was transferred to recovery room in stable condition. She will undergo a CAT scan of her abdomen and pelvis to further assess any possible adenopathy or gastric obstructional changes. We will await the biopsy reports and further recommendations will follow. | gastroenterology, esophagus, gastroscope, hypopharynx, rectum, fundal gastritis, antral mass, hiatal hernia, egd, hernia, polyps, colonoscopy, |
3,591 | Problems with dysphagia to solids and had food impacted in the lower esophagus. Upper endoscopy to evaluate the esophagus. | Gastroenterology | EGD - 1 | HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS:, Briefly, this is a 17-year-old male, who has had problems with dysphagia to solids and recently had food impacted in the lower esophagus. He is now having upper endoscopy to evaluate the esophagus after edema and inflammation from the food impaction has resolved, to look for any stricture that may need to be dilated, or any other mucosal abnormality.,PROCEDURE PERFORMED: , EGD.,PREP: , Cetacaine spray, 100 mcg of fentanyl IV, and 5 mg of Versed IV.,FINDINGS:, The tip of the endoscope was introduced into the esophagus, and the entire length of the esophagus was dotted with numerous, white, punctate lesions, suggestive of eosinophilic esophagitis. There were come concentric rings present. There was no erosion or flame hemorrhage, but there was some friability in the distal esophagus. Biopsies throughout the entire length of the esophagus from 25-40 cm were obtained to look for eosinophilic esophagitis. There was no stricture or Barrett mucosa. The bony and the antrum of the stomach are normal without any acute peptic lesions. Retroflexion of the tip of the endoscope in the body of the stomach revealed a normal cardia. There were no acute lesions and no evidence of ulcer, tumor, or polyp. The pylorus was easily entered, and the first, second, and third portions of the duodenum are normal. Adverse reactions: None.,FINAL IMPRESSION: ,Esophageal changes suggestive of eosinophilic esophagitis. Biopsies throughout the length of the esophagus were obtained for microscopic analysis. There was no evidence of stricture, Barrett, or other abnormalities in the upper GI tract. | gastroenterology, length of the esophagus, food impacted, lower esophagus, upper endoscopy, entire length, eosinophilic esophagitis, egd, dysphagia, solids, impacted, endoscopy, mucosal, endoscope, biopsies, barrett, stomach, stricture, eosinophilic, esophagitis, esophagus, |
3,592 | Diagnostic laparotomy, exploratory laparotomy, Meckel's diverticulectomy, open incidental appendectomy, and peritoneal toilet. | Gastroenterology | Diverticulectomy & Laparotomy | PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Acute appendicitis.,POSTOPERATIVE DIAGNOSIS: , Perforated Meckel's diverticulum.,PROCEDURES PERFORMED:,1. Diagnostic laparotomy.,2. Exploratory laparotomy.,3. Meckel's diverticulectomy.,4. Open incidental appendectomy.,5. Peritoneal toilet.,ANESTHESIA: , General endotracheal.,ESTIMATED BLOOD LOSS: ,300 ml.,URINE OUTPUT: , 200 ml.,TOTAL FLUID:, 1600 mL.,DRAIN:, JP x1 right lower quadrant and anterior to the rectum.,TUBES:, Include an NG and a Foley catheter.,SPECIMENS: , Include Meckel's diverticulum and appendix.,COMPLICATIONS: , Ventilator-dependent respiratory failure with hypoxemia following closure.,BRIEF HISTORY: , This is a 45-year-old Caucasian gentleman presented to ABCD General Hospital with acute onset of right lower quadrant pain that began 24 hours prior to this evaluation.,The pain was very vague and progressed in intensity. The patient has had anorexia with decrease in appetite. His physical examination revealed the patient to be febrile with the temperature of 102.4. He had right lower quadrant and suprapubic tenderness with palpation with Rovsing sign and rebound consistent with acute surgical abdomen. The patient was presumed acute appendicitis and was placed on IV antibiotics and recommended that he undergo diagnostic laparoscopy with possible open exploratory laparotomy. He was explained the risks, benefits, and complications of the procedure and gave informed consent to proceed.,OPERATIVE FINDINGS: , Diagnostic laparoscopy revealed purulent drainage within the region of the right lower quadrant adjacent to the cecum and terminal ileum. There was large amounts of purulent drainage. The appendix was visualized, however, it was difficult to be visualized secondary to the acute inflammatory process, purulent drainage, and edema. It was decided given the signs of perforation and purulent drainage within the abdomen that we would convert to an open exploratory laparotomy. Upon exploration of the ileum, there was noted to be a ruptured Meckel's diverticulum, this was resected. Additionally, the appendix appeared normal without evidence of perforation and/or edema and a decision to proceed with incidental appendectomy was performed. The patient was irrigated with copious amounts of warmth normal saline approximately 2 to 3 liters. The patient was closed and did develop some hypoxemia after closure. He remained ventilated and was placed on a large amount of ________. His hypoxia did resolve and he remained intubated and proceed to the Critical Care Complex or postop surgical care.,OPERATIVE PROCEDURE:, The patient was brought to the operative suite and placed in the supine position. He did receive preoperative IV antibiotics, sequential compression devices, NG tube placement with Foley catheter, and heparin subcutaneously. The patient was intubated by the Anesthesia Department. After adequate anesthesia was obtained, the abdomen was prepped and draped in the normal sterile fashion with Betadine solution. Utilizing a #10 blade scalpel, an infraumbilical incision was created. The Veress needle was inserted into the abdomen. The abdomen was insufflated to approximately 15 mmHg. A #10 mm ablated trocar was inserted into the abdomen and a video laparoscope was inserted and the abdomen was explored and the above findings were noted. A right upper quadrant 5 mm port was inserted to help with manipulation of bowel and to visualize the appendix. Decision was then made to convert to exploratory laparotomy given the signs of acute perforation. The instruments were then removed. The abdomen was then deflated. Utilizing ________ #10 blade scalpel, a midline incision was created from the xiphoid down to level of the pubic symphysis.,The incision was carried down with a #10 blade scalpel and the bleeding was controlled along the way with electrocautery. The posterior layer of the rectus fascia and peritoneum was opened carefully with the scissors as the peritoneum had already been penetrated during laparoscopy. Incision was carried down to the midline within the linea alba. Once the abdomen was opened, there was noted to be gross purulent drainage. The ileum was explored and there was noted to be a perforated Meckel's diverticulum. Decision to resect the diverticulum was performed.,The blood supply to the Meckel's diverticulum was carefully dissected free and a #3-0 Vicryl was used to tie off the blood supply to the Meckel's diverticulum. Clamps were placed to the proximal supply to the Meckel's diverticulum was tied off with #3-0 Vicryl sutures. The Meckel's diverticulum was noted to be completely free and was grasped anteriorly and utilizing a GIA stapling device, the diverticulum was transected. There was noted to be a hemostatic region within the transection and staple line looked intact without evidence of perforation and/or leakage. Next, decision was decided to go ahead and perform an appendectomy. Mesoappendix was doubly clamped with hemostats and cut with Metzenbaum scissors. The appendiceal artery was identified and was clamped between two hemostats and transected as well. Once the appendix was completely freed of the surrounding inflammation and adhesion. A plain gut was placed at the base of the appendix and tied down. The appendix was milked distally with a straight stat and clamped approximately halfway. A second piece of plain gut suture was used to ligate above and then was transected with a #10 blade scalpel. The appendiceal stump was then inverted with a pursestring suture of #2-0 Vicryl suture. Once the ________ was completed, decision to place a JP drain within the right lower quadrant was performed. The drain was positioned within the right lower quadrant and anterior to the rectum and brought out through a separate site in the anterior abdominal wall. It was sewn in place with a #3-0 nylon suture. The abdomen was then irrigated with copious amounts of warmed normal saline. The remainder of the abdomen was unremarkable for pathology. The omentum was replaced over the bowel contents and utilizing #1-0 PDS suture, the abdominal wall, anterior and posterior rectus fascias were closed with a running suture. Once the abdomen was completely closed, the subcutaneous tissue was irrigated with copious amounts of saline and the incision was closed with staples. The previous laparoscopic sites were also closed with staples. Sterile dressings were placed over the wound with Adaptic and 4x4s and covered with ABDs. JPs replaced with bulb suction. NG tube and Foley catheter were left in place. The patient tolerated this procedure well with exception of hypoxemia which resolved by the conclusion of the case.,The patient will proceed to the Critical Care Complex where he will be closely evaluated and followed in his postoperative course. To remain on IV antibiotics and we will manage ventilatory-dependency of the patient. | null |
3,593 | Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy with polypectomy | Gastroenterology | EGD - Colonoscopy - Polypectomy | PROCEDURES:,1. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.,2. Colonoscopy with polypectomy.,PREOPERATIVE DIAGNOSES:,1. History of esophageal cancer.,2. History of colonic polyps.,POSTOPERATIVE FINDINGS:,1. Intact surgical intervention for a history of esophageal cancer.,2. Melanosis coli.,3. Transverse colon polyps in the setting of surgical changes related to partial and transverse colectomy.,MEDICATIONS:, Fentanyl 250 mcg and 9 mg of Versed.,INDICATIONS:, The patient is a 55-year-old dentist presenting for surveillance upper endoscopy in the setting of a history of esophageal cancer with staging at T2N0M0.,He also has a history of adenomatous polyps and presents for surveillance of this process.,Informed consent was obtained after explanation of the procedures, as well as risk factors of bleeding, perforation, and adverse medication reaction.,ESOPHAGOGASTRODUODENOSCOPY:, The patient was placed in the left lateral decubitus position and medicated with the above medications to achieve and maintain a conscious sedation. Vital signs were monitored throughout the procedure without evidence of hemodynamic compromise or desaturation. The Olympus single-channel endoscope was passed under direct visualization, through the oral cavity, and advanced to the second portion of the duodenum.,FINDINGS:,1. ESOPHAGUS: Anatomy consistent with esophagectomy with colonic transposition.,2. STOMACH: Revealed colonic transposition with normal mucosa.,3. DUODENUM: Normal.,IMPRESSION: , Intact surgical intervention with esophagectomy colonic transposition.,COLONOSCOPY: , The patient was then turned and a colonic 140-series colonoscope was passed under direct visualization through the anal verge and advanced to the cecum as identified by the appendiceal orifice. Circumferential visualization the colonic mucosa revealed the following:,1. Cecum revealed melanosis coli.,2. Ascending, melanosis coli.,3. Transverse revealed two diminutive sessile polyps, excised by cold forceps technique and submitted to histology as specimen #1 with surgical changes consistent with partial colectomy related to the colonic transposition.,4. Descending, melanosis coli.,5. Sigmoid, melanosis coli.,6. Rectum, melanosis coli.,IMPRESSION: , Diffuse melanosis coli with incidental finding of transverse colon polyps.,RECOMMENDATION: , Follow-up histology. Continue fiber with avoidance of stimulant laxatives. | null |
3,594 | Patient with complaint of symptomatic cholelithiasis. | Gastroenterology | Discharge Summary - Cholelithiasis | ADMISSION DIAGNOSIS: , Symptomatic cholelithiasis.,DISCHARGE DIAGNOSIS:, Symptomatic cholelithiasis.,SERVICE: , Surgery.,CONSULTS:, None.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , Ms. ABC is a 27-year-old woman who apparently presented with complaint of symptomatic cholelithiasis. She was afebrile. She was taken by Dr. X to the operating room.,HOSPITAL COURSE: , The patient underwent a procedure. She tolerated without difficulty. She had her pain controlled with p.o. pain medicine. She was afebrile. She is tolerating liquid diet. It was felt that the patient is stable for discharge. She did complain of bladder spasms when she urinated and she did say that she has a history of chronic UTIs. We will check a UA and urine culture prior to discharge. I will give her prescription for ciprofloxacin that she can take for 3 days presumptively and I have discharged her home with omeprazole and Colace to take over-the-counter for constipation and we will send her home with Percocet for pain. Her labs were within normal limits. She did have an elevated white blood cell count, but I believe this is just leukemoid reaction, but she is afebrile, and if she does have UTI, may also be related. Her labs in terms of her bilirubin were within normal limits. Her LFTs were slightly elevated, I do believe this is related to the cautery used on the liver bed. They were 51 and 83 for the AST and ALT respectively. I feel that she looks good for discharge.,DISCHARGE INSTRUCTIONS: , Clear liquid diet x48 hours and she can return to her Medifast, she may shower. She needs to keep her wound clean and dry. She is not to engage in any heavy lifting greater than 10 pounds x2 weeks. No driving for 1 to 2 weeks. She must be able to stop in an emergency and be off narcotic meds, no strenuous activity, but she needs to maintain mobility. She can resume her medications per med rec sheets.,DISCHARGE MEDICATIONS: , As previously mentioned.,FOLLOWUP:, We will follow up on both urinalysis and cultures. She is instructed to follow up with Dr. X in 2 weeks. She needs to call for any shortness of breath, temperature greater than 101.5, chest pain, intractable nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, any redness, swelling or foul smelling drainage from her wounds. | gastroenterology, medifast, liquid diet, symptomatic cholelithiasis, symptomatic, cholelithiasis, discharge, |
3,595 | Dysphagia and hematemesis while vomiting. Diffuse esophageal dilatation/hematemesis | Gastroenterology | Dysphagia & Hematemesis | CHIEF COMPLAINT: , Dysphagia and hematemesis while vomiting.,HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: , This is a 53-year-old African American female with 15 years known history of HIV and hepatitis B, and known history of compensated heart failure, COPD, who presented today with complaint of stuck food in her esophagus, bloody cough, and bloody vomiting since 4 o'clock this vomiting, when she ate eggplant parmigiana meal. The back and chest pain is 8/10, no radiation and is constant. She denied fever, abdominal pain, or dysphagia before current event eating bones or fish. This is the first episode of hematemesis and feeling of globus pallidus. In the emergency room, the patient was treated with nitropaste, morphine, and Lopressor with positive results for chest pain. CAT scan of the chest showed diffuse esophageal dilatation with residual food in it, no mediastinal air was identified.,REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: , The patient denied diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, weight loss, dysphagia before this event. Denied any exertional chest pain or shortness of breath. No headache, limb weakness. No joint pain or muscle ache. No dysuria.,PAST MEDICAL HISTORY: ,Remarkable for:,1. Asthma.,2. Hepatitis C - 1995.,3. HIV, known since 1995 and followed up by Dr. X, ABCD Medical Center, the last visit was 08/09. The patient does not take HIV medications against medical advice.,4. Hypertension, known since 2008.,5. Negative PPD test, 10/08.,PAST SURGICAL HISTORY: , Remarkable for hysterectomy in 2001, pilonidal cyst surgery in 2005.,FAMILY HISTORY: , Mother deceased at age 68 of cirrhosis. She had history of alcohol abuse. Father deceased at age 45, also has a history of alcohol abuse, cardiac disease, and hypertension.,ALLERGIES: , Not known allergies.,MEDICATIONS AT HOME: , Lisinopril 5 mg daily; metoprolol 25 mg twice daily; furosemide 40 mg once daily; Isentress 400 mg once daily, the patient does not take this medication for the last 3 months; Norvir 100 mg once daily; Prezista 400 mg once daily. The patient does not take her HIV medications for the last 2 to 3 months. Occasionally, she takes inhalation of albuterol and Ambien 10 mg once daily.,SOCIAL HISTORY: , She is single, lives with her 21-year-old daughter, works as CNA, smokes one pack per day for the last 8 years. She had periods when she quit smoking and started again 2-1/2 years ago. She denied alcohol abuse and she was using cocaine in the past, last time she used cocaine 10 years ago.,PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: , Temperature 99.8, pulse 106, respiratory rate 18, blood pressure 162/97, saturation 99 on room air. African American female, not in acute respiratory distress, but uncomfortable, and showing some signs of back discomfort. Oriented x3, mildly drowsy, calm and cooperative. Eyes, EOMI, PERRLA. Tympanic membranes normal appearance bilaterally. External canal, no erythema or discharge. Nose, no erythema or discharge. Throat, dry mucous, no exudates. No ulcers in oral area. Full upper denture and extensive decayed lower teeth. No cervical lymphadenopathy, no carotid bruits bilaterally. Heart: RRR, S1 and S2 appreciated. No additional sounds or murmurs were auscultated. Lung: Good air entrance bilaterally. No rales or rhonchi. Abdomen: Soft, nontender, nondistended. No masses or organomegaly were palpated. Legs: No signs of DVT, peripheral pulses full, posterior dorsalis pedis 2+. Skin: No rashes or other lesions, warm and well perfused. Nails: No clubbing. No other signs of skin infection. Neurological exam: Cranial nerves II through XII grossly intact. No motor or sensory deficit was found.,CAT scan of the chest, which was done at 8 o'clock in the morning on 01/12/10. Impression: Cardiomegaly, normal aorta, large distention of esophagus containing food. Chest x-ray: Cardiomegaly, no evidence of CHF or pneumonia. EKG: Normal sinus rhythm, no signs of ischemia.,LABORATORY DATA: , Hemoglobin 10.4, hematocrit 30.6, white blood cells 7.3, neutrophils 75, platelets 197. Sodium 140, potassium 3.1, chloride 104, bicarb 25, glucose 113, BUN 19, creatinine 1.1, GFR 55, calcium 8.8, total protein 8.1, albumin 3.1, globulin 5.0, bilirubin 0.3, alk phos 63, GOT 23, GPT 22, lipase 104, amylase 85, protime 10.2, INR 1, PTT 25.8. Urine: Negative for ketones, protein, glucose, blood, and nitrite, bacteria 2+. Troponin 0.040. BNP 1328.,PLAN:,1. Diffuse esophageal dilatation/hematemesis. We will put her n.p.o., we will give IV fluid, half normal saline D5 100 mL per hour. I discussed the case with Dr. Y, gastroenterologist. The patient planned for EGD starting today. Differential diagnosis may include foreign body, achalasia, Candida infection, or CMV esophagitis. We will treat according to the EGD findings. We will give IV Nexium 40 mg daily for GI prophylaxis. We will hold all p.o. medication.,2. CHF. Cardiomegaly on x-ray. She is clinically stable. Lungs are clear. No radiological sign of CHF exacerbation. We will restart lisinopril and metoprolol after EGD study will be completed.,3. HIV - follow up by Dr. X, (ABCD Medical Center). The last visit was on 08/08. The patient was not taking her HIV medications for the last 3 months and does not know her CD4 number or viral load. We will check CD4 number and viral load. We will contact Dr. X (ID specialist in ABCD Med).,4. Hypertension. We will control blood pressor with Lopressor 5 mg IV p.r.n. If blood pressure more than 160/90, we will hold metoprolol and lisinopril.,5. Hepatitis C, known since 1995. The patient does not take any treatment.,6. Tobacco abuse. The patient refused nicotine patch.,7. GI prophylaxis as stated above; and DVT prophylaxis, compression socks. We will restrain from using heparin or Lovenox.,ADDENDUM: , The patient was examined by Dr. Y, gastroenterologist, who ordered a CAT scan with oral contrast, which showed persistent distention of the esophagus with elementary debris within the lumen of the esophagus. There is no evidence of leakage of the oral contrast. There is decrease in size of periaortic soft tissue density around the descending aorta, this is associated with increase in very small left pleural effusion in the intervening time. There is no evidence of pneumomediastinum or pneumothorax, lungs are clear, contrast is present in stomach. After procedure, the patient had profuse vomiting with bloody content and spiked fever 102. The patient felt relieved after vomiting. The patient was started on aztreonam 1 g IV every 8 hours, Flagyl 500 mg IV every 8 hours. ID consult was called and thoracic surgeon consult was ordered. | null |
3,596 | Patient with a history of a Nissen fundoplication performed six years ago for gastric reflux. | Gastroenterology | Discharge Summary - 10 | ADMITTING DIAGNOSES:, Hiatal hernia, gastroesophageal reflux disease reflux.,DISCHARGE DIAGNOSES:, Hiatal hernia, gastroesophageal reflux disease reflux.,SECONDARY DIAGNOSIS: , Postoperative ileus.,PROCEDURES DONE: , Hiatal hernia repair and Nissen fundoplication revision.,BRIEF HISTORY: , The patient is an 18-year-old male who has had a history of a Nissen fundoplication performed six years ago for gastric reflux. Approximately one year ago, he was involved in a motor vehicle accident and CT scan at that time showed that he had a hiatal hernia. Over the past year, this has caused him an increasing number of problems, including chest pain when he eats, and shortness of breath after large meals. He is also having reflux symptoms again. He presents to us for repair of the hiatal hernia and revision of the Nissen fundoplication.,HOSPITAL COURSE: , Mr. A was admitted to the adolescent floor by Brenner Children's Hospital after his procedure. He was stable at that time. He did complain of some nausea. However, he did not have any vomiting at that time. He had an NG tube in and was n.p.o. He also had a PCA for pain management as well as Toradol. On postoperative day #1, he complained of not being able to urinate, so a Foley catheter was placed. Over the next several days, his hospital course proceeded as follows. He continued to complain of some nausea; however, he did not ever have any vomiting. Eventually, the Foley catheter was discontinued and he had excellent urine output without any complications. He ambulated frequently. He remained n.p.o. for three days. He also had the NG tube in during that time. On postoperative day #4, he began to have some flatus, and the NG tube was discontinued. He was advanced to a liquid diet and tolerated this without any complications. At this time, he was still using the PCA for pain control. However, he was using it much less frequently than on days #1 and #2 postoperatively. After tolerating the full liquid diet without any complications, he was advanced to a soft diet and his pain medications were transitioned to p.o. medications rather than the PCA. The PCA was discontinued. He tolerated the soft diet without any complications and continued to have flatus frequently. On postoperative day #6, it was determined that he was stable for discharge to home as he was taking p.o. without any complications. His pain was well controlled with p.o. pain medications. He was passing gas frequently, had excellent urine output, and was ambulating frequently without any issues.,DISCHARGE CONDITION:, Stable.,DISPOSITION: , Discharged to home.,DISCHARGE INSTRUCTIONS: , The patient was discharged to home with instructions for maintaining a soft diet. It was also recommended that he does not drink any soda postoperatively. He is instructed to keep his incision site clean and dry and it was also recommended that he avoid any heavy lifting. He will be able to attend school when it starts in a few weeks. However, he is not going to be able to play football in the near future. He was given prescription for pain medication upon discharge. He is instructed to contact Pediatric Surgery if he has any fevers, any nausea and vomiting, any chest pain, any constipation, or any other concerns. | gastroenterology, |
3,597 | Modified Barium swallow (Deglutition Study) for Dysphagia with possible aspiration. | Gastroenterology | Deglutition Study - Modified Barium swallow | EXAM: , Modified barium swallow.,SYMPTOM:, Dysphagia with possible aspiration.,FINDINGS:, A cookie deglutition study was performed. The patient was examined in the direct lateral position.,Patient was challenged with thin liquids, thick liquid, semisolids and solids.,Persistently demonstrable is the presence of penetration with thin liquids. This is not evident with thick liquids, semisolids or solids.,There is weakness in the oral phase of deglutition. Subglottic region appears normal. There is no evidence of aspiration demonstrated.,IMPRESSION: , Penetration demonstrated with thin liquids with weakness of the oral phase of deglutition. | gastroenterology, aspiration, deglutition study, thin liquids, thick liquid, semisolids, solids, modified barium swallow, barium swallow, dysphagia, deglutition, |
3,598 | CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast to evaluate abdominal pan. | Gastroenterology | CT Scan of Abdomen & Pelvis with Contrast | EXAM: , CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast.,REASON FOR EXAM: , Abdominal pain.,COMPARISON EXAM: , None.,TECHNIQUE: , Multiple axial images of the abdomen and pelvis were obtained. 5-mm slices were acquired after injection of 125 cc of Omnipaque IV. In addition, oral ReadiCAT was given. Reformatted sagittal and coronal images were obtained.,DISCUSSION:, There are numerous subcentimeter nodules seen within the lung bases. The largest measures up to 6 mm. No hiatal hernia is identified. Consider chest CT for further evaluation of the pulmonary nodules. The liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands, and kidneys are within normal limits. No dilated loops of bowel. There are punctate foci of air seen within the nondependent portions of the peritoneal cavity as well as the anterior subcutaneous fat. In addition, there is soft tissue stranding seen of the lower pelvis. In addition, the uterus is not identified. Correlate with history of recent surgery. There is no free fluid or lymphadenopathy seen within the abdomen or pelvis. The bladder is within normal limits for technique.,No acute bony abnormalities appreciated. No suspicious osteoblastic or osteolytic lesions.,IMPRESSION:,1. Postoperative changes seen within the pelvis without appreciable evidence for free fluid.,2. Numerous subcentimeter nodules seen within the lung bases. Consider chest CT for further characterization. | gastroenterology, ct scan, abdominal pain, multiple axial images, abdomen and pelvis, adrenal glands, chest ct, coronal, gallbladder, kidneys, liver, lymphadenopathy, nodules, osteoblastic, osteolytic, pancreas, sagittal, spleen, with contrast, free fluid, ct, abdomen, pelvis, |
3,599 | Generalized abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, and recent colonic resection. CT abdomen with and without contrast and CT pelvis with contrast. Axial CT images of the abdomen were obtained without contrast. Axial CT images of the abdomen and pelvis were then obtained utilizing 100 mL of Isovue-300. | Gastroenterology | CT Abdomen & Pelvis - 8 | CT ABDOMEN WITH AND WITHOUT CONTRAST AND CT PELVIS WITH CONTRAST,REASON FOR EXAM: , Generalized abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, and recent colonic resection in 11/08.,TECHNIQUE:, Axial CT images of the abdomen were obtained without contrast. Axial CT images of the abdomen and pelvis were then obtained utilizing 100 mL of Isovue-300.,FINDINGS: , The liver is normal in size and attenuation.,The gallbladder is normal.,The spleen is normal in size and attenuation.,The adrenal glands and pancreas are unremarkable.,The kidneys are normal in size and attenuation.,No hydronephrosis is detected. Free fluid is seen within the right upper quadrant within the lower pelvis. A markedly thickened loop of distal small bowel is seen. This segment measures at least 10-cm long. No definite pneumatosis is appreciated. No free air is apparent at this time. Inflammatory changes around this loop of bowel. Mild distention of adjacent small bowel loops measuring up to 3.5 cm is evident. No complete obstruction is suspected, as there is contrast material within the colon. Postsurgical changes compatible with the partial colectomy are noted. Postsurgical changes of the anterior abdominal wall are seen. Mild thickening of the urinary bladder wall is seen.,IMPRESSION:,1. Marked thickening of a segment of distal small bowel is seen with free fluid within the abdomen and pelvis. An inflammatory process such as infection or ischemia must be considered. Close interval followup is necessary.,2. Thickening of the urinary bladder wall is nonspecific and may be due to under distention. However, evaluation for cystitis is advised. | gastroenterology, abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, colonic resection, axial ct images, ct abdomen, isovue, inflammatory, urinary, bladder, abdominal, colonic, wall, thickening, axial, bowel, contrast, attenuation, pelvis, ct, abdomen |
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