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[ [ "Pratip Munsi" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Pratip Munshi''', also spelt '''Pratip Munsi''' (Bengali: প্রতীপ মুন্সী), was an established Mother of pearl artist of the 20th century.", "In the mid-to-late 20th century, the two artists who made a significant impact on the art world of the new Indian mother-of-pearl art pioneered by his uncle Anukul Munshi were Pratip Munshi and his cousin Manu Munshi, respectively.", "He was a member of the Murshidabad branch of the famous Munshi family of Kolkata.", "He was a close relative of Kshitindranath Mazumdar.The deceased hailed from Jagtai village in Murshidabad district of West Bengal till death.", "After his death, his life was sketched by renowned researcher and writer Santanu Ghosh in his book ''Munsiyanay Chollis Purush'' (in Bengali: ''মুন্সিয়ানায় চল্লিশ পুরুষ'')." ], [ "Initial days and training", "Munshi was born in the Chaugachha zamindar family of Jessore, British India which is now in Bangladesh and later became a part of the Munshi family of Kolkata after Indian independence.", "His uncle, Anukul Munshi is considered the first accomplished Indian artist to establish Indian Mother of pearl sculpting on global platform when he participated in the British Empire Exhibition in London in the year 1924.Anukul Munshi ventured his start-up named ''Mother of Pearl Factory'' inside the premises of their zamindari mansion and started practising Mother of Pearl carvings to come up with unique portraits and sculptures.", "This time he called his nephew Pratip to join the factory under his guidance along with his sons Annada and Manu.", "As instructed by his uncle, he also started taking lessons in this art along with his two cousins.Later, Annada became a legendary artist in the Indian advertising industry.", "And, on the other hand, Manu and Pratip started walking in the path shown by their Guru Anukal Munshi and achieved considerable fame in their respective aspects." ], [ "Notable works", "One of Munshi's notable artworks is ''Meditating Buddha'' on the platform of Mother of Pearl carvings, which is considered to be one of the works that created a stir in the art scene of Bengal.", "It is said that while doing this, he spent many auspicious days and nights, without sleep, just thinking about what the Buddha's eyes would look like after attaining ''Bodhi''.Among his other timeless mother of pearl works are ''Siddhidata Ganesha'' and ''Gopal''.", "''Gopal'' by Pratip Munshi" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Krasimira Vasileva" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Krasimira Vasileva''' (born 9 August 1962) is a former Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast.", "She's a World and European medalist." ], [ "Career", "Vasileva was born in Kyustendil, where she began training at the local school of rhythmic gymnastics.In 1977 she won silver in the group competition at the World Championships.", "The following year she became the first European champion in groups.", "And in 1979 she won group bronze at the World Championships.For her achievements she was awarded the title of Honoured Master of Sports in Bulgaria." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Sasaki Toyoju" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Sasaki Toyoju''' (Japanese: '''佐々城豊寿'''; born 6 May 1853 in Sendai, Mutsu Province; died 15 June 1901) was a Japanese feminist, temperance worker and anti-prostitution activist." ], [ "Early life", "Sasaki Toyoju was born Hoshi Toyoshi, the daughter of Hoshi Yūki (星雄記), a senior samurai of the Nambu clan.", "Her parents sent her to Tokyo, where she attended a private school, to learn English.", "Historian Elizabeth Dorn Lublin described Sasaki's education as more like that given to boys, than girls, in this period, and it gave her exceptional assertiveness, which came to the fore in later power struggles." ], [ "Activism", "In 1886 she cooperated with Yajima Kajiko in founding the association of the Women's Christian Temperance Union in Japan (東京婦人矯風会, Tōkyō fujin kyōfūkai), which advocated the abolition of prostitution and abstinence from alcohol.", "On 6 December 1886 she was selected as secretary of the group.", "However, Sasaki believed that prostitution was a more serious issue than alcohol abuse and used her influence to steer the WCTU towards greater focus on the issue, leading to a power struggle with the founder Yajima.", "She was on the editorial board of the organisation's magazine, ''Fujin kyofu zasshi,'' alongside Wakamatsu Shizuko, Asai Saku and Honda Teiko.", "Sasaki also translated the American WCTU work ''Women’s Freedom of Speech'' to Japanese, with prefaces by Tokutomi Soho, Iwamoto Yoshiharu and Sasaki herself.", "She also led the organisation's Women's White Ribbon Club." ], [ "Family", "Sasaki was the aunt of the restauranteur and artist's patron Sōma Kokkō (1876–1955).", "She also had a daughter, Nobuko (佐々城信子; 1878-1949), who was the inspiration for the heroine in the novel Aru Onna by Arishima Takeo." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Sacha Votichenko" ], [ "Introduction", "A tympanon'''Sacha Votichenko''' (c.1888 – 22 October 1971) was a Russian musician of the tympanon, a French version of the hammered dulcimer.", "Votichenko was born in c.1888.He was educated in England.", "He claimed to have first performed as a conductor at the age of 9, at the house of Leo Tolstoy.", "He played the 'Tympanon Royal' which dated from 1705, made by Pantaloon Hebenstreit for Louis XIV.", "Votichenko was a descendent of Hebenstreit.", "Votichenko recorded on Diamond Disc in 1920, it was never issued commercially.", "In the late 1910s Votichenko was a regular performer at the Hotel des Artistes in New York City.", "The Court Circular reported that and his wife dined with the Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna of Russia, Princess Maria of Greece and Denmark, and her husband Rear Admiral Ioannides and Prince Dolgorouki at London's Hotel Cecil in June 1923.He played his tympanon for Queen Mary and her royal guests during her visit to the exhibition of 'Royal and Historic Treasures' at 145 Piccadilly on 10 July 1939.He claimed to be the only soloist who had performed for three different British kings.", "Votichenko taught the tympanon in New York.", "In 1950 he said his life's ambition was to perform in the Sistine Chapel.Votichenko died in Scottsdale, Arizona on 22 October 1971.He was survived by his son, Terry, and his three grandsons.", "Votichenko's great-grandson is the Phoenix underground DJ Alex Votichenko (known as Djentrification).", "The Votichenko family has an autographed photograph of Sacha Votichenko with Leo Tolstoy.Votichenko wrote the ''Last Days of Imperial Russia'', a symphony of seven movements.", "Maurice Ravel said to Votichenko that his \"Bells of Moscow\" made him \"forget the 'Belles of Venice' ... Only for one moment, though\".Votichenko's correspondence with Ol'ga Tissarevskaia is preserved in Tissarevskaia's papers in the Museum of Russian Culture in San Francisco.", "A 1916 portrait photograph of Votichenko by Arnold Genthe is part of the Genthe Collection of the Library of Congress." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Raja Usama Sarwar" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Raja Usama Sarwar''' (), is a Pakistani politician who is member-elect of the National Assembly of Pakistan." ], [ "Political career", "Sarwar won the 2024 Pakistani general election from NA-51 Murree-cum-Rawalpindi as a Pakistan Muslim League (N) candidate.", "He received 149,250 votes while runners up Independent candidate Muhammad Altasib Satti received 113,843 votes." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Shengmu Township" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Shengmu Township''' () or '''Sammo Township''' () is a township of Daocheng County in western Sichuan province, China.", ", it has six villages under its administration: Shengmu Village, Ranzi Village (), Zhahua Village (), Gewa Village (), Rihuo Village (), and Xiepo Village ()." ], [ "See also", "* List of township-level divisions of Sichuan" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Esi Buobasa" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Esi Buobasa''' (Fuveme, Ghana) is a Ghanaian fishmonger, environmental migrant, and climate activist.In 2023, Buobasa was distinguished as one of the most influential women in the world according to the 100 Women (BBC) for her efforts to build resilience against climate change." ], [ "Career", "Buobasa was born and raised in Fuveme, a coastal village near Keta.", "Between 2000 and 2010, the territory, located between Keta Lagoon and the Gulf of Guinea, eroded to practically a thin line of sand due to the rising sea level.", "The town also is periodically flooded by the Volta River.The loss of buildings and increasingly frequent cycloans and floods forced Buobasa, a fisherman, with her husband and five children, to migrate inland and recreate their lives.", "However, this deprived the family of their main source of income: fishing.To mitigate the socioeconomic impacts of the environmental migration, Buobasa founded an association to support female fishermen in her circumstance.", "The alliance sought to train them for other jobs and provide economic recovery.", "It also provided a resistance fund to finance damage or loss of income due to further storms or climate disaster.", "Buobasa's leadership led to her inclusion in BBC's 2023 list of 100 Women (BBC)." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "GigaChat" ], [ "Introduction", "'''GigaChat''' is a chatbot developed by financial services company Sberbank and launched in April 2023.It is positioned as a Russian alternative to ChatGPT.The artificial intelligence software can handle a diverse range of cognitive and daily tasks, such as participating in discussions, producing code or text, and responding to inquiries.", "The platform also assists in generating analytical reports from gathered data, facilitate handling extensive text volumes, aids in crafting articles in specified formats and styles, and simplifies information retrieval.In February 2024, GigaChat had more than 2.5 million users.", "The chatbot is claimed to communicate better in Russian than in foreign languages." ], [ "See also", "* List of artificial intelligence projects* List of chatbots* Alice (virtual assistant)* Chatbot* OpenAI" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Marino (footballer, born 1939)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Marino da Silva''' (21 March 1939 – 26 September 2001), was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a right winger." ], [ "Career", "Having started his career at Aimoré in his hometown, Marino became famous at Grêmio, where he made 248 appearances and scored 117 goals.", "A fast winger, he often jokes: \"I'm not Garrincha, but I know how to harass an opposing defense.\"", "On 1 May 1963, he scored four goals against SC Internacional.", "He also scored a goal from midfield line against Lev Yashin, excusing Grêmio in Europe in 1962.Marino also made 4 appearances for the Brazil national team in total, during the 1960 Panamerican Championship." ], [ "Honours", ";GrêmioCampeonato Gaúcho:1960, 1962, 1964: 1962Campeonato Citadino de Porto Alegre: 1960, 1964" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", " Marino at ogol.com.br *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Testimony (YoungBoy Never Broke Again song)" ], [ "Introduction", "\"'''Testimony'''\" is a song by American rapper YoungBoy Never Broke Again, first released on September 25, 2023, as a music video before being released to streaming services on September 29, 2023.It was produced by Jay Scalez." ], [ "Content", "The song finds YoungBoy Never Broke Again harmonizing about his past mistakes and street life." ], [ "Music video", "The music video was directed by Karltin Bankz and filmed in Utah, where YoungBoy has been residing since he was placed on house arrest.", "It sees him horseback riding near the mountainside and showing off cash with his crew." ], [ "Charts", "+ Chart performance for \"Testimony\"Chart (2023)Peakposition" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Tower Building (Richmond, Virginia)" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Tower Building''' is a historic office building located in Richmond, Virginia.", "It was built in 1961 by architect David Warren Hardwicke, and designed in the International Style.", "It features a brise soleil made of brick as well as a ground floor shaded parking lot situated underneath the building's two stories of offices.", "The structure derives its name from the WTVR TV Tower located across the street.The office building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.It resides within, but is a non-contributing resource to, the Scott's Addition Historic District.", "It underwent a 2018 renovation and reopened as the upscale apartment building '''Hardwicke House'''." ], [ "History", "The Scott's Addition neighborhood of Richmond was a sparsely populated residential district during the early 20th century, but as suburban development spread outwards from the city center during the 1940s, much of the area was rezoned for commercial use.", "In 1953, the WTVR TV Tower was completed, becoming the world's second-tallest lattice tower after the Eiffel Tower.In 1959, a corporation formed by two local businessmen purchased a lot across the street from the tower for the price of roughly $50,000.Having decided to put rental office space on the site, they hired Richmond architect David Warren Hardwicke to design the building.", "Hardwicke chose the International style, which often foregoes ornamentation in favor of highlighting a building's geometric structure.The building's construction was of prestressed concrete.", "It was designed with two prominent features that focused on overcoming issues with excessive heat at the site.", "The building's two floors of offices are situated atop piers and raised one story above the ground.", "The space beneath the building therefore provided a shaded parking lot for its tenants, and the offices were reached via a centrally located elevator.", "Additionally, the exterior of the building was covered with a brise soleil consisting of bricks laying at right angles from each other.", "This brickwork created a solar screen that insulated the interior offices from the sun.Named the Tower Building after the nearby communications tower, the office building was the home of 17 insurance companies by four years after opening.", "The structure served as rental office space into the 21st century.", "In 2005, the surrounding Scott's Addition district was listed to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP); the Tower Building, having been built after the district's period of significance, was a non-contributing resource.", "The building itself was listed to the NRHP in 2017.In 2018, it underwent a renovation and reopened as an upscale apartment building called Hardwicke House." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Chamara Weerasinghe" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Chamara Weerasinghe''' (born 21 April 1981 චාමර වීරසිංහ) is a Sri Lankan singer and composer.", "Passionately known as ''Singer of Heart'' (Hadawathe Gayakaya), Weerasinghe is one of the most popular artists in Sri Lanka, with a career spanning over two decades.", "Weerasinghe sang many popular songs and is also an outstanding singer on the outdoor musical stage.", "He won the Most Popular Singer award in multiple occasions.", "The health issues since 2017 made him to slow his singing career, but recovered well from number of hospitalizations." ], [ "Personal life", "Chamara Weerasinghe was born on 21 April 1981 as the fifth child of the family with 5 siblings.", "He has three elder sisters, one elder brother and one younger brother.", "His father was a tailor and mother Ediketiye Hewage Shikshitha Manel from Walgama, Matara was a housewife.", "His father died when Chamara was 11 years old.He is married to Prasangi Weerasinghe and the couple has one son and one daughter." ], [ "Career", "During school times, he started to learn music and art.", "He also staged a solo musical concert when he was a kid.", "Later he joined with the musical band \"Purple Range\" as the lead singer and continued to dominate outdoor musical shows throughout the country.", "In the meantime, he sang popular songs such as: ''Dakuṇē Pin Athi'', ''Aetugala Vehera Vadina'', ''Væl Doḍam Malak'', ''Kiri Veheraṭa'', ''Kandē Vihārē'', ''Sonduru laduni'', ''Sitin Vitharak'', ''Amāvakaṭa Atha Vananā'', ''Bæddaṭa Sanda Wage'', ''Sandaṭa Sanda Eliyaṭa'', ''Budu Padavi Pathāgena'', ''Sudu Sadun Malaka'', ''Oya Susum'', ''Thanuva Ahimi'', ''Uḍavæḍiyā Malak'', ''Madunāgala Ahasē'' and ''Thaṇamalvila''.Weerasinghe won the Most Popular Male Singer of the year award at the 12th, 14th SLIM-Nielsen Peoples Awards." ], [ "Health issues", "In 2016, he was injured with a road accident while riding the motor bike.", "In December 2021 he was hospitalized in a Dubai hospital with an illness.On 17 December 2023, Weerasinghe was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Colombo South Teaching Hospital due to prolonged illness of respiratory obstruction.", "With many fans started to gather around the hospital, hospital informed that only close relatives are allowed to visit him.", "Even though several rumors circulated that he died from the illness, people around the country started to pray and perform Bodhi Pooja." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* https://gossip.hirufm.lk/79267/2022/09/chamara-weerasinghe.html* https://naifm.lk/chamara_weerasinhe/" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Listed buildings in Barton, North Yorkshire" ], [ "Introduction", "Barton is a civil parish in the former Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England.", "It contains six listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.", "All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to \"buildings of national importance and special interest\".", "The parish contains the village of Barton and the surrounding area, and the listed buildings consist of houses, a dovecote, a gateway, a table tomb and a church__NOTOC__" ], [ "Buildings", "Name and locationPhotographDateNotesDovecoteThe porch of a demolished building incorporating a dovecote, it is in sandstone, with quoins, and a coped clay tile roof.", "There is a single storey and a loft, and a single cell.", "On the east front is a square-headed doorway, over which are bird holes and ledges, and on the west side is a slit vent.", "Inside, on the west side, are nesting boxes at the upper level.Barton LodgeThe house, which was extended in the early to mid 19th century, is roughcast with a hipped Welsh slate roof, and has an L-shaped plan.", "The earlier part has three storeys and three bays, it contains sash windows with wedge lintels, and on the left return is a porch.", "The later part to the right has two storeys and three bays, and chamfered rusticated quoins.", "It contains a doorway converted into a window, with pilasters and an open segmental pediment.", "The other windows are sashes in architraves, those in the ground floor with cornices.North Gateway, Middleton LodgecentreThe gateway was designed by John Carr.", "Flanking the entrance to the drive are convex quadrant walls on a plinth, with moulded coping, ending in cylindrical bollards.", "The gates are in wrought iron with fleur-de-lys finials, and knob finials to the standards.21, 23 and 25 Silver StreetTwo, later three, houses in stone, with quoins, and a pantile roof with stone copings and shaped kneelers.", "There are two storeys and four bays.", "On the front are three doorways, and the windows are sashes or top-hung casements imitating sashes.Table tombThe table tomb is in the churchyard of a former church, and is in sandstone.", "It has a moulded top, the end panels have fluted corner columns and contain carved drapes on an urn, and on the side panel are inscriptions.Church of St Cuthbert and St Marycentre1840–41The church, which was rebuilt by Ignatius Bonomi, is in stone with Welsh slate roofs.", "It consists of a nave and a chancel in one unit, and a south tower incorporating a porch.", "The tower has three stages, and is unbuttressed.", "On the east side is a doorway with a pointed arch, a chamfered surround and a hood mould, above which is a two-light chamfered mullioned window.", "The top stage contains paired lancet bell openings with hood moulds in recessed panels forming a corbel table for the parapet.", "On the south side is a sundial in a traceried quatrefoil, and at the east and west ends are triple stepped lancet windows." ], [ "References", "===Citations======Sources===********" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "1961 Washington and Lee Generals football team" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''1961 Washington and Lee Generals football team''' was an American football team that represented the Washington and Lee University as an independent during the 1961 NCAA College Division football season.", "In their fifth year under head coach Lee McLaughlin, the Generals compiled a perfect 9–0 record, held seven opponents to fewer than seven points, and outscored all opponents by a total of 297 to 44.It was their first perfect season since the 1914 team went 9–0.At the end of the season, the team received the Timmie Trophy as the outstanding small college football team in the country.", "The team was inducted in 2008 into the Washington and Lee Hall of Fame.In November 1961, ''Sports Illustrated'' published a profile on the team, noting: \"At Washington and Lee football is strictly amateur.", "No athletic scholarships are given, nor have any been given for the past seven years, a decision which at the time it was taken brought screams of protest from ardent alumni.", "But this year's team, made up purely of students who play football rather than football players who study, is proving that winning football on an unsubsidized basis can be as much fun to play and as exciting to watch as any football anywhere.", "\"The team was led on defense by linebacker Terry Fohs.", "On offense, Charlie Gummey and Doug Martin led the team in scoring with 54 points each.The team played its home games at Wilson Field in Lexington, Virginia." ], [ "Schedule" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Palacio de la Trinidad" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Palace of Trinity''' () is a palace in Madrid, Spain that depends on the Directorate-General for State Heritage, itself depending on the Ministry of Finance." ], [ "History", "It was built in 1928 by the architect Luis Alemany Soler, who two decades later would build—together with —the Santiago Bernabéu Stadium.", "The building was property of the State and has been the headquarters of the State Secretariat for Foreign Policy, and also the headquarters of the Spanish Confederation of Business Organizations (CEOE).In 1949, the Spanish government donated the palace to Peru to host its embassy, while the latter donated a 10,000 m2 terrain in the southeastern corner of El Campo de Marte in reciprocity.", "In 1969, both areas were returned to their original countries.During the Spanish transition it was the headquarters of the Ministry of Governance of the government of the Union of the Democratic Centre (between 1976 and 1979), and later, from 1979 to 2006, it was the headquarters of the Cervantes Institute.Since 2011, the facilities were empty and needed a major restoration process, which led to it being put up for sale at public auction in 2014, being acquired by Pescaderías Coruñesas for around € 6.6 million.", "In 2020, the ABC reported about the new uses that the Palace would have.", "It also explains that ''Pescaderías Coruñesas'' acquired it in 2015 for € 1.5 million, given its deterioration; although the initial auction price was € 6.4 million." ], [ "See also", "*Embassy of Peru, Madrid" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Pich Sambath" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Pich Sambath''' (Khmer language: ពេជ្រ សម្បត្តិ, also known as '''Phoeun Sambath''' (Khmer: ភឿន សម្បត្តិ); born October 12, 2002) is a Cambodian lightweight kickboxer and Kun Khmer fighter.", "As born in a poor family, Sambath sees Kun Khmer is a good career for his life.", "He starts training Kun Khmer in 2020 at Pich Sophann 8888 Kun Khmer Gym and his master is Mr. Pich Sophann, also a former Kun Khmer fighter.", "Currently his weight fighting range is 57 kg-60 kg." ], [ "Biography", "Pich Sambath was born as officially named as \"Phoeun Sambath\" on October 12, 2002, in Kandoul village, Por Angkrong commune, Borset district, Kampong Speu Province.", "Sambath born to farmer family and has four siblings (2 brothers and 2 sisters).", "Sambath is the eldest son in the family.", "The second sister is Phoeun Sambo, the third sister is Phoeun Vann Lean and the fourth brother is Phoeun Vansing.", "He began his first fight at the age of 19.Sambath's father's name Vong Mil who works as a construction foreman and a mother's name Aun Sok Khim who works as a farmer.", "He has a younger brother who trains Kun Khmer.", "He also starts Kun Khmer a boxing career, Phoeun Vansing, also known as Phan Singhak.", "Sambath studied until the seventh grade at 24 Kanha (September) high School then he dropped out.He started practicing Khmer boxing in 2019, but after training for a while, he decided to stop and returning to another job with his temperament and getting a small salary.", "He decided to as Mr. Pich Sophann to train again in 2021 until today.Pich Sambath was named as '''\"Krabei Prey Moktann\"(Khmer language: ក្របីព្រៃមុខតាន់)''' meaning : \" Wild Buffalo Solid Face\" in his professional Kun Khmer fighter records after he has full strong mental power to fight against his opponents and won by many technical knock-out records rapidly." ], [ "Career", "=== Kun Khmer ===Pich Sambath had his first fight on February 20, 2021, at Kun Khmer International Marathon friendly match BTV.", "Unfortunately, it was not a good result but was a keen fight with his opponent Toem Savuth for 5 rounds of 3 minutes each.", "Sambath loss by split decision.Pich Sambath made Kampuchea Thmey Daily's top 10 list of Khmer boxers who had the best first half of 2023.Although Pich Sambath did not make the national team, he won the Carabao championship at the end of 2022 and the 2023 International Krud belt.", "He won a fight against his opponent, Saw Kolo, a Lethwei fighter from Myanmar in Kun Khmer All Star Event 8, on August 22, 2023, in Olympic Indoor Stadium, Phnom Penh.", "He also got a car sponsored by Boostrong company after getting popular best fighters vote in the event from his fans.", "It is a notable victory in his life with Kun Khmer.He won a Krud Kun Khmer champion 2023 belt from his opponent Khim Bora and received a US$1,889 prize from Krud Kun Khmer TVK arena on 3 September 2023 via judges’ split decision.", "=== Kickboxing ===In the event of international friendly match of Kun Khmer between Cambodia-China on January 19, 2024, Krobei Prey Pich Sambath defeated his opponent Yang Zhuo by split decision under kickboxing rules 3 rounds." ], [ "Titles and accomplishments", "'''Kun Khmer'''1.🥇 '''Kun Khmer National Champion 2023'''''' - January 31, 2024: Won by split decesion : Pich Sambath vs Morn Sameth ()2.20x20px '''2023 Krud Kun Khmer Champion Belt''' - September 4, 2023: Won by split decesion : Pich Sambath vs Khim Bora ()3.20x20px '''2022 Krud Kun Khmer Champion Belt''' - December 31, 2022: Won by split decesion : Pich Sambath vs Thun Eanglai () 4.20x20px '''2022 Carabao Champion Belt Session 8''' - Final Round October 23, 2022: Won split decision : Pich Sambath vs Pathana Sit Archanwin () - Semi-Final Round October 2, 2022: Won by KO Round 1 : Pich Sambath vs Thun Panith () - Round IV September 4, 2022: Won by KO Round 2 : Pich Sambath vs Petchmetmai Sitnornglek () - Round III August 14, 2022: Won split decision : Pich Sambath vs Pathana Sit Archanwin () - Round II July 24, 2022: Won KO Round 2 : Pich Sambath vs Rakthae Sit Ajarnbeer () - Round I July 3, 2022: Loss by split decision : Pich Sambath vs ต่วนเป๋ ช.ชัชชัย (Tuan PE) ()" ], [ "Kun Khmer Record", " February 17, 2024 Win Kamlaiyuk Suon Ahanpikmai Carabao Kun Khmer Fight for 1 Millions Riels Prize CTN Phnom Penh, Cambodia unanimous decision 5 5:00 February 9, 2024 Win Makralek Sitparang Boostrong King of The Ring Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 1:60 January 31, 2024 Win Morn Sameth Kun Khmer National Gold Medal 2023 Kampong Speu, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 January 30, 2024 Win Vorn Maphang Kun Khmer National Gold Medal 2023 Kampong Chhnang, Cambodia TKO 2 0.40 January 29, 2024 Win Phan Lihuor Kun Khmer National Gold Medal 2023 Kampong Chhnang, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 January 13, 2024 Win Yokmorrakot Sor Sangpraplai Mattrid Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 1:35 January 7, 2024 Win Emre Özmen Ganzberg IDOL Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 2:24 December 24, 2023 Win Pepsichor Getweena Wurkz Kun Khmer Warriors Ratanakiri, Cambodia TKO 2 2:00 December 14, 2023 Win Rahmoun Majd Boostrong Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 3 2:03 November 23, 2023 Win Sudniev Bohdan Ganzberg Kun Khmer World Cup Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 November 5, 2023 Loss Tum Kitti Patkam Kun Khmer Super fight (Best of Best) Melbourne, Australia Decision 3 3:00 October 11, 2023 Win Elias Ghazali Boostrong Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 2:20 September 30, 2023 Win Alex Sandro Wurkz Kun Khmer MASFIGHT Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 5:50 September 17, 2023 Win Norng Sav MASFIGHT Kun Khmer Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 6:54 September 3, 2023 Win Khim Bora Krud Kun Khmer Belt Challenge Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 August 22, 2023 Win Saw Kolo Kun Khmer All Star (KAS) EP 8 Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 1:45 July 16, 2023 Win Petchlampoon Porcharoenpat TECHO SANTEPHEAP Kun Khmer World Champion Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 June 24, 2023 Win Faycal Bahroumi Kun Khmer All Star (KAS) E.P 7 Paris, France Decision 3 3:00 June 6, 2023 Win Sajjad Mohammadi NNP Morodok Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 March 14, 2023 Loss Khampou BS Muay Thai (Lamnamkhong BS Muay Thai) Mattrid Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 3 1:22 February 27, 2023 Win Seksan (เสกสรร ช ไทยเศรษฐ์) Kun Khmer All Star (KAS) EP.6 Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 February 11, 2023 Draw Chhut Sereyvannthong Wurkz Kun Khmer Tournament Svay Rieng, Cambodia MASFIGHT Rules KO To Win 1 9:00 February 3, 2023 Win Petchkarat Sityokpetch Mattrid Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 1.32 January 15, 2023 Win เพชรน้ําเอก ส.ส.ปกรณ์ Carabao Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 0:58 December 31, 2022 Win Thun Eanglai Krud Kun Khmer Champion Belt Tboung Khmum, Cambodia Deccision 5 3:00 December 24, 2022 Win Pecthnoi Blue Fight Clup Missile Power of Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 2:55 December 13, 2022 Win Naruto Santhian Muay Thai Gym Kubota Grade A Fighter Champion Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 3 1:58 November 18, 2022 Win Saensakngern Sitthorngklai Kubota Grade A Fighter Champion Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 3 1:52 November 11, 2022 Win Angali Sitjening Mattrid Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 3 1:56 October 23, 2022 Win Pathana Sit Archanwin Carabao Kun Khmer Champion Belt Final Round Session 8 Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 5 3:00 October 2, 2022 Win Thun Phanith Carabao Kun Khmer Champion Belt Session 8 Semi-Final Round Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 00:49 September 4, 2022 Win Petchmetmai Sitnornglek Carabao Kun Khmer Champion Belt Session 8 Round IV Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 2:50 August 14, 2022 Win Pathana Sit Archanwin Carabao Kun Khmer Champion Belt Sesion 8 Round III Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 5 3:00 July 24, 2022 Win Rakthae Sit Ajarnbeer Carabao Kun Khmer Champion Belt Sesion 8 Round II Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 1:13 July 3, 2022 Loss ต่วนเป๋ ช.ชัชชัย (Tuan PE) Carabao Kun Khmer Champion Belt Sesion 8 Round I Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 5 5:00 June 17, 2022 Loss Pathana Sit Archanwin Kubota Kun Khmer Grad A Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 5 5:00 June 11, 2022 Win Tiliek Chhangbanratt Missile Energy Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 2:06 May 28, 2022 Win Kamlaiyok Kor Rumsrithorng Wurkz Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 May 14, 2022 Win ต่วนเป๋ ช.ชัชชัย (Tuan PE) Wurkz Kun Khmer International Friendly Match Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 April 30, 2022 Draw Ban Lim Em Rotha San Sam Un Wurkz Kun Khmer Tournament Koh Kong, Cambodia MASFIGHT Rules KO To Win 1 9:00 April 24, 2022 Win Muangthong Santhian Muay Thai Gym Boostrong The Imperia of Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 00:58 April 9, 2022 Loss Eh Naroth Ek Phnom Arena Super Kun Khmer Fighter Battambong, Cambodia Decision 5 5:00 April 1, 2022 Win Nattapoon Phorpheunruamsan Kubota Kun Khmer Champion Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 5 5:00 March 27, 2022 Win Khon Seyha Ganzberg One Strike Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 2:56 March 20, 2022 Draw Leap Rotha MastFight Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia MASFIGHT Rules KO To Win 1 9:00 March 10, 2022 Win Chin Chang Missile Energy Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 3 2:20 February 27, 2022 Win Phann Sophat MASFIGHT Cambodia Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 3:10 February 19, 2022 Win Sim Seyha Wurkz Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 1:42 February 6, 2022 Draw Ouch Thearith MASFIGHT Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia MASFIGHT Rules KO To Win 1 9:00 January 29, 2022 Win Khon Seyha Missiles Energy Kun Khmer fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 1:43 January 26, 2022 Win Eh Naroth MASFIGHT Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 3:00 January 8, 2022 Win Long Khet Wurkz Kun Khmer National Friendly Match Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 5 5:00 December 29, 2021 Loss Norng Sav Wurkz Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 5 5:00 December 19, 2021 Win Soeun Thaisan MASFIGHT Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 2:50 December 4, 2021 Loss Tha Sarun Champion Energy of Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 November 22, 2021 Draw Sen Kosal MASFIGHT Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia MASFIGHT Rules KO To Win 1 9:00 October 24, 2021 Win Long Khet MASFIGHT Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 3:10 October 16, 2021 Win Mel Sarun Wurkz National Friendly Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 5 1:15 October 10, 2021 Win Em Phearun MASFIGHT Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 2:20 September 26, 2021 Win Khuon Lamcosin MASFIGHT Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 2:35 September 9, 2021 Loss Em Channy Champion Energy Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 5 5:00 September 4, 2021 Win Ra Rorng Champion Energy Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 3 1:54 August 29, 2021 Win Elite Long lei MASFIGHT Cambodia Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 2:12 July 10, 2021 Win Soda Socheat Champion Energy Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 1 1:49 June 26, 2021 Win Em Rotha Champion Energy Kun Khmer Fighter Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 1:30 June 6, 2021 Win Sarak Sophanun Carabao Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decesion 5 5:00 May 16, 2021 Win Serey Theara Carabao Kun Khmer Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decesion 5 5:00 March 13, 2021 Win Pov Ling Kun Khmer International Marathon Friendly Match Phnom Penh, Cambodia TKO 2 1:20 February 20, 2021 Loss Toem Phalvuth Kun Khmer International Marathon Friendly Match Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 5 5:00 '''''Legend''''':" ], [ "Kickboxing Record", " January 19, 2024 Win Yang Zhuo Kickboxing International Friendly Match, Kun Khmer Kung Fu Phnom Penh, Cambodia Decision 3 3:00 '''''Legend''''':" ], [ "Music and Videography", "* October 02, 2023: Sambath feet ft Thach Sathen as a music video Pchum Ben Days 2023 Mahoub Da'aksrak Khmer title: ម្ហូបដាក់ស្រាក់" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Vinco (company)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Vinco''' is an international Norway-based hub for sustainable innovation." ], [ "Overview", "The company was founded in 2016 by Barbara Salopek, a Croatian businesswoman who immigrated to Norway.", "Salopek serves as the company's CEO.Vinco is headquartered in Bergen, Norway.Vinco specializes in innovation and strategy consulting with a focus on providing sustainable solutions for businesses.Vinco Innovation, together with 2 partners, won the competition for funding in the area of Green Transformation between Poland and Norway under the Bilateral Cooperation Fund, the European Economic Area Financial Mechanism 2014-2021 and Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2014–2021." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Malik Muhammad Idrees" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Malik Muhammad Idrees''' (), is a Pakistani politician who is member-elect of the National Assembly of Pakistan." ], [ "Political career", "Idrees won the 2024 Pakistani general election from NA-12 Kohistan-cum-Lower Kohistan-cum-Kolai Palas Kohistan as an Independent candidate.", "He received 26,583 votes while runners up Salahuddin of Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) received 22,043 votes." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Starburger" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Starburger''' is a British symbol group of restaurants, predominately selling hamburgers and full English breakfasts, founded in March 1983." ], [ "History", "Founded in March 1983, Starburger acts predominately as a wholesale provider to the restaurant industry.In June 2019, TFC Holdings purchased Starburger for an undisclosed sum.In November 2020, its Sudbury, Suffolk location celebrated 40 years of trade." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Feria Valencia" ], [ "Introduction", "'''International Sample Fair of Valencia''' or, as a trademark, '''Feria Valencia''' is the oldest institution organizing fair events in Spain, its year of foundation being in 1917.Recently remodeled and expanded, the work of architect José María Tomás Llavador, It constitutes one of the most important within the European circuit." ], [ "History", "Exterior view of the Feria.Feria Valencia is the oldest institution dedicated to the organization of trade fairs in Spain.", "Founded in 1917, it has completed almost 100 years of activity.", "Its statutes recognize the law of March 26, 1943, which gave it the status of \"Official Institution.\"", "in addition to granting it the duopoly of international fairs, along with Barcelona.", "This shared duopoly was kept in place until 1979.In 2003, Feria Valencia's first experience as an organizer of events abroad took place, with the celebration of Mexico Ferias del Niño.Central hallway." ], [ "Structure", "The main function of the Fair is to facilitate trade between companies.", "This institution has expanded its activities to various fields, such as holding conferences.", "It is an institution specialized in professional events and that serves many industrial sectors in the Spanish economy, such as furniture, lighting or ceramics, the energy sector or food, but does not neglect other fields of activity.", "in the service sector, such as franchising, training, tourism.Feria Valencia.Feria Valencia is a non-profit institution, as stated in its own statutes.", "Its reason for being is to support economic sectors and the impact of its activity on the environment, both in terms of the turnover that exhibitors obtain from their relationship with Feria Valencia, and what they earn from the services.", "associated with the fair activity itself (hospitality, assembly, hotels, tourism, transport, leisure, services).It is the first Spanish Fair that has been certified by AENOR with the ISO 9002 standard, currently ISO 9001/2000.It also has the QAFE certification, from the Association of Spanish Fairs, and the SICTED quality commitment diploma, Tourism Quality System in Destination.The economic impact of Feria Valencia on its surroundings is estimated at 700 to 800 million euros annually.In 2023 the Feria held the World Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships." ], [ "Location", "It is located in the district of Benimámet, which belongs to the capital Valencia.", "Located five kilometers from the urban center of Valencia, the exhibition center is connected to the national highway network of Spain through the ring road to the city.", "The highway connects you with the port of Valencia, and with the city airport." ], [ "Management team", "* Enrique Soto - General director" ], [ "External links", "* Official website" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Jonnetta Patton" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Jonnetta Patton''' is an American talent manager, entrepreneur and film and television producer.", "Based in Atlanta, Georgia, she is the founder of J's Kitchen Culinary Incubator, JPat Management, and Lion Queen Entertainment, a film and television production company.Born in Chattanooga, Tennessee, Patton raised her sons, Usher Raymond and James \"JLack\" Lackey, a Grammy-nominated producer and songwriter, as a single parent.", "She managed Usher for 17 years, becoming his full-time manager when he was 12.In 1999, she and Usher founded New Look, a 501(c) organization that provides guidance and mentoring to students in middle school and college.", "In 2016, Patton founded J's Kitchen Culinary Incubator, a 21,000-square-foot facility that provides independent chefs and caterers shared commercial kitchen space and equipment as well as food packaging services and business workshops.", "In 2019, Patton invested in and partnered with Hungry, an event catering start-up based in Arlington, VA. Other investors included Jay-Z and Tom Colicchio.", "She founded Lion Queen Entertainment in 2023." ], [ "External links", "* Official website" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Terbium nitride" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Terbium nitride''' is a binary inorganic compound of terbium and nitrogen with the chemical formula ." ], [ "Physical properties", "Terbium nitride crystalyzes with cubic crystal system of the space group of ''F3m3''." ], [ "Uses", "Terbium nitride is used for high-end electronics, ceramics, luminescent materials, special metallurgy, petrochemical, artificial crystal, magnetic materials." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Film" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Film''' is an award presented annually at the Maharashtra State Film Awards of India to the best film in Marathi cinema.", "The awards are managed directly by the Maharashtra Government under the Department of Cultural Affairs of the Government of Maharashtra." ], [ "Winners", " Year Film Director '''Ref.", "'''1962''Prapanch''Madhukar Pathak1963''Ranglya Ratri Asha''Raja Thakur1964''Chhota Jawan''Ram Gabale''Pathlaag''Raja Paranjape1965''Vavtal''Shantaram Athavale1966''Sadhi Mansa''Bhalji Pendharkar1967''Santh Vahate Krushnamai''Madhukar Pathak 1968''Gharchi Rani''Rajdutt 1969''Apradh''1970''Mumbaicha Jawai''Raja Thakur1971''Gharkul'' 1972''Jawai Vikat Ghene Aahe''1973 No award1974''Sugandhi Katta''Vasant Painter 1975''Pandu Havaldar'' Dada Kondke1976''Choricha Mamla''Babasaheb Fattelal1977''Farari''V.", "Ravindra 1978 ''Devaki Nandan Gopala'' Rajdutt1979''Janaki''Vasant Joglekar1980''22 June 1897''Nachiket Patwardhan 1981''Umbartha'' Jabbar Patel 1982 ''Shaapit'' Rajdutt & Arvind Deshpande1983''Raghu-Maina''Rajdutt 1984''Hech Mazhe Maher''1985''Ardhangi'' 1986''Pudhcha Paaul'' 1987''Prem Karuya Khullam Khulla'' Girish Ghanekar 1988''Ashi Hi Banwa Banwi'' Sachin1989''Kalat Nakalat'' Kanchan Nayak1990 ''Aaghat''Ramakant Kavthekar1991''Chaukat Raja'' Sanjay Surkar1992''Ek Hota Vidushak'' Jabbar Patel1993''Vazir''Sanjay Rawal1994''Mukta''Jabbar Patel 1995''Doghi''Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar1996''Raosaheb''Sanjay Surkar1997''Paij Lagnachi'' J.K Patil 1998''Tu Tithe Mee'' Sanjay Surkar1999''Gabhara''NFD2000''Dhyaas Parva'' Amol Palekar2001''Devki''Millind Ukley2002''Dahavi Fa'' Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar2003''Shwaas''Sandeep Sawant2004''Uttarayan''Bipin Nadkarni 2005''Dombivli Fast'' Nishikant Kamat2006''Nital''Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar2007''Tingya''Mangesh Hadawale2008''Harishchandrachi Factory'' Paresh Mokashi2009''Me Shivajiraje Bhosale Boltoy'' Santosh Manjrekar 2010''Mee Sindhutai Sapkal'' Anant Mahadevan2011''Shala'' Sujay Dahake2012''Kaksparsh'' Mahesh Manjrekar2013''Avatarachi Goshta'' Nitin Dixit 2014''Ek Hazarachi Note'' Shrihari Sathe2015''Ringan'' Makarand Mane2016''Kaasav'' Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar2017''Redu''Sagar Vanjari2018''Bhonga'' Shivaji Lotan Patil" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "The Major Tones" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''The Major Tones''''' () is a 2023 Spanish-language fantasy mystery film written and directed by Ingrid Pokropek in her directorial debut.", "Starring Sofía Clausen in her debut, the film tells the story of fourteen-year-old Ana, who discovers that the metal plate she has in her arm from an accident she suffered as a child is now receiving a strange message in Morse code.An Argentina and Spain co-production, it was selected in the Generation Kplus section at the 74th Berlin International Film Festival, where it had its International premiere on 17 February and compete for Crystal Bear for the Best Film." ], [ "Synopsis", "The film is a fantastic tale about music, secret messages, and winter days.Ana, a 14-years old girl lives in Buenos Aires with her artist and teacher father Javier.", "After an accident, when she was a child, she needed prosthetics and has a metal plate in her arm.", "During the winter holidays, she starts to feel mysterious pulses in the plate.", "Without telling Javier, she composes a melody called \"The Heartbeat Song\" with her friend Lepa, inspired by the rhythmic signals.", "One night, an argument with Lepa leads Ana to roam the city alone.", "She meets a young soldier who reveals that the pulses are actually words in Morse code.", "Ana becomes determined to decode the words, realizing that her arm is an antenna to an unknown mystery.", "As she delves into the maze of secret messages, she distances herself from her friend and her dad.", "The previously harmonious winter holiday is transformed by Ana's obsession as she wonders if the coded words are addressed specifically to her." ], [ "Cast", "* Sofía Clausen as Ana* Pablo Seijo as Javier* Lina Ziccarello as Lepa* Mercedes Halfon as Mariana* Santiago Ferreira as Pablo* Walter Jakob as Alfonso" ], [ "Release", "''The Major Tones'' had its premiere at 38th Mar del Plata International Film Festival in Argentine Competition on 7 November 2023.It had its International premiere on 17 February 2024, as part of the 74th Berlin International Film Festival, in Generation Kplus." ], [ "Accolades", " Award Date Category Recipient Result Mar del Plata International Film Festival 12 November 2023 Special Jury Mention & Best Film in Official Competition by a Latin American director up to 35 years old''The Major Tones'' Berlin International Film Festival 25 February 2024 Crystal Bear for Best Feature Film" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* * * ''The Major Tones'' at Berlinale" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Hell's Greatest Dad" ], [ "Introduction", "\"'''Hell's Greatest Dad'''\" is a song from the American adult animated musical comedy television series ''Hazbin Hotel,'' which is sung primarily by Lucifer Morningstar (voiced by Jeremy Jordan) and Alastor (voiced by Amir Talai), with additional parts by Kimiko Glenn and Sarah Stiles.", "The song is part of \"Dad Beat Dad\", the fifth episode of the show's first season.", "On January 26, 2024, the song and lyrics were published to YouTube and Spotify by Amazon Prime Video, and have since accumulated 21 and 23 million views and streams on both platforms, respectively.", "The song’s release on YouTube has also become Amazon Prime Video’s fifth most-viewed video on their channel." ], [ "Charts", "+Weekly chart performance for \"Hell's Greatest Dad\" Chart (2024) Peakposition Canada (Canadian Hot 100) 74 New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) 23 US Bubbling Under Hot 100 (''Billboard'') 9" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Knights of Liberty (vigilante group)" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Knights of Liberty''' (sometimes '''Liberty Knights''', '''Loyalty Knights''', or '''Knights of Loyalty''') was an American volunteer nationalist secret society and vigilance committee active circa 1917–1918, claiming responsibility for violence against perceived disloyalty during World War I.", "They are known for the 1917 Tulsa Outrage in Oklahoma, the 1918 lynching of Olli Kinkkonen in Minnesota, and a spree of 1918 tarring and feathering events in Wisconsin and California." ], [ "Background", "On April 6, 1917, the United States declared war on the German Empire, entering into World War I.", "Needing additional manpower to ensure the nation's security domestically and appealing to Americans' sense of volunteerism, President Woodrow Wilson authorized the founding of the semi-official American Protective League that year.", "Other similar organizations sprang up, including the Knights of Liberty, National Security League, Boy Spies of America, Sedition Slammers, American Rights League, American Defense League, and Anti-Yellow-Dog League.", "These organizations, encouraged by local, state, and federal government, had a goal of targeting those they considered disloyal.Founded in 1917, whether the Knights of Liberty were part of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) has been debated.", "KKK member and Tulsa community leader W. Tate Brady was identified as having led the group's initial attack on Industrial Workers of the World members in 1917.Contemporaneously described as a \"modern Ku Klux Klan\", \"Klu Klux Clan sic organization\", and \"'Ku-Klux' of Oklahomans\", it is unclear whether such terms were comparisons to the Klan's secretive and violent nature or if the organizations were actually related.", "Some writers have referred to the Knights of Liberty as a \"suspected branch\" of the Klan, while others have called the KKK a \"different franchise from the Knights perhaps, but with overlapping membership and a similar propensity for showy and sadistic violence.\"", "Some scholars have linked the Knights to the KKK participation in the later 1921 Tulsa race massacre, which has in turn, been questioned by others.", "In 1949, a member of one KKK offshoot told the ''Saturday Evening Post'' regarding such groups, \"They go under all sorts of names.", "Some of them—like the Knights of Liberty and the Seventy-Sixers—don't even have the word Klan in their title.", "But they ain't a thing but old Ku Kluxes.\"", "Criticism of the war effort led to a number of violent incidents, including abductions, beatings, tarring and feathering cases, and lynchings in 1917 and 1918.The Knights of Liberty claimed responsibility for a number of these incidents and threats.", "These included actions directed at those suspected of pro-German sentiment, as well as labor activists, pacifists, and \"slackers\" (similar to the later term ''draft dodgers'') around the country.", "The Knights of Liberty's actions were covered in a number of US newspapers as well as abroad.", "The organization's membership and aims were described in 1918 by one newspaper:Particularly in the spring of 1918, anti-German sentiment grew significantly as Americans heard of the happenings on the Western Front.", "A Council of National Defense representative for the Midwest commented, \"All over this part of the country men are being tarred and feathered and some are being lynched....", "These cases do not get into the newspapers nor is an effort ever made to punish the individuals concerned.", "In fact, as a rule, it has the complete backing of public opinion...\" Though Wilson would later denounce mob violence in July 1918, a response described as slow and \"muted\", actions aimed at the disloyal continued; many believed in an obligation to assist the nation through patriotic vigilance and coercion." ], [ "Threats", "The Knights of Liberty's threats to local residents were published in newspapers:" ], [ "Incidents", "=== Oklahoma ===The organization initially started in 1917 as a vigilance committee focusing on labor: one author writes, \"Tulsa business men organized the 'Knights of Liberty' to serve as their shock troops.\"", "Over the course of the year, the local ''Tulsa Daily World'' had focused on the supposed German control of the Industrial Workers of the World (I.W.W.)", "union.", "On November 9, 1917, the Knights of Liberty perpetrated the Tulsa Outrage.", "That day, eleven I.W.W.", "members were convicted of vagrancy or failure to own liberty bonds.", "While being taken to the county jail along with six others who had been arrested, they were abducted by forty to fifty men – led by KKK member and Tulsa founder W. Tate Brady and police chief Ed Lucas – wearing black robes and masks calling themselves the Knights of Liberty.", "The seventeen men were taken to a deserted area where they were stripped and each bound to a tree, whipped, and tarred and feathered.", "Chased off with guns through barbed wire, they were turned away by local farmers \"in the name of the outraged women and children of Belgium\".", "The men returned to Tulsa to find threatening signs posted around the city signed by the \"Vigilance Committee\".", "Acting with state and local government support, prominent community members were among the mob.", "The local newspaper stated no effort was made to determine who the forty to fifty men were.", "Articles about the event were widely published throughout the country and other Knights of Liberty groups formed shortly afterwards.", "In 2001, the Oklahoma Commission to Study the Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 called the incident \"an important step along the road to the race riot.", "\"In March 1918, ten cars of masked men belonging to the Knights of Liberty kidnapped two farmers, Henry Huffman and O. F. Westbrook, in Altus, Oklahoma.", "The two were said to have supported German aims, not purchased liberty bonds, and \"openly had cursed the government\".", "They were stripped, whipped, tarred and feathered, and forced to kiss the American flag.", "They were told to leave the county.", "A newspaper report stated that the Knights of Liberty in southwest Oklahoma had over 500 members and that \"more tarring and feathering activities are expected.\"", "Making a connection between the Knights of Liberty and the Ku Klux Klan, one newspaper headline regarding the incident read \"Ku Klux Klans Are Busy\", while another read \"Modern Ku Klux to Chastise Slackers\".In Tulsa in April 1918, the Knights of Liberty kidnapped, stripped, whipped, and tarred and feathered John Kubecka, a German American.", "He was said to have made derogatory statements about the president and government as well as \"enticing away\" the wife of an American soldier overseas.In Durant, the Knights of Liberty abducted \"Red\" Scott, a man held in the city jail for vagrancy, in May that year.", "He was tied to a tree and flogged, with a threat signed by the Knights of Liberty posted above his head, stating, \"This is a convict, loafer and thug.", "Loafers, disloyalists and crooks cannot stay in Durant.", "Every 'vag' not at work in twenty-four hours will be dealt with severely.", "\"An Enid newspaper framed several June 1918 occurrences in positive, religious terms: \"as a result of their evangelistic propaganda\", an Austrian American farmer who had not purchased any liberty bonds was beaten and \"converted to giving gospel\" by the \"accommodating Knights\", while their \"proselytizing\" had a \"wholesome\", \"salutory\" impact on several others.", "In another event in Enid, a laundry wagon driver thought he had seen a portrait of the Kaiser on the wall of an old woman's home, leading him to notify the county clerk.", "The clerk in turn informed the Knights of Liberty, who went to her home to discover it was a portrait of Allied commander General Foch.On September 20, 1918, the Knights of Liberty began to repeatedly threaten Julius Hüssy, the editor of , a German-language weekly newspaper.", "He was threatened with mob violence if he did not stop publishing the newspaper by October 4.On October 17, fifty men, some of whom were well-known community members or in public service, showed up and threatened him in person, causing him to shutter his newspaper after 18 years.Two or three dozen black-clad and masked Knights of Liberty appeared in Tulsa in October 1918 to warn citizens to purchase liberty bonds.", "An October 1919 article stated the Tulsa Knights of Liberty were considering re-forming in order to fight car theft.=== Minnesota ===The organization announced its presence in Minnesota in March 1918, when it began sending threats signed \"The Knights of Liberty, Minnesota Division\" to two suspected pro-German residents.", "At the time they were estimated to have 500 members in Duluth.", "There, their first victim – Gustaf Landin, a Swedish American photographer – had previously made negative comments about the sale of liberty bonds and \"governmental things in general\".", "He was lured from home under the pretense of photographing a wedding party, then driven to a deserted area.", "Landin's clothes were torn off; he was whipped, tarred and feathered.", "He was made to kiss the American flag and his life threatened.", "He was told to warn the other men they had previously threatened.", "The group was described as being a \"thoroughly organized group of men\".", "In April, they painted a Bemidji shop-owner's store yellow, telling him he had 30 days to leave town.", "Later that year in September, several Duluth men including Finnish American dockworker Olli Kinkkonen renounced their citizenship to avoid fighting in World War I.", "The Knights of Liberty threatened the men; the letter was published in the local news.", "Kinkkonen was abducted from his boarding house, tarred and feathered, and lynched in a Duluth park.", "His body was discovered two weeks later and declared a suicide due to humiliation.", "Stating the act was a warning to other slackers, the Knights of Liberty took responsibility.", "Other local newspapers and the Nonpartisan League decried the official explanation and lack of investigation into the event.", "The governor offered a reward for information but no further action was taken.In April 1919, the Knights of Liberty claimed in an Ely newspaper that they were still active around the country.=== Wisconsin ===The Knights of Liberty claimed responsibility for a series of tarring and feathering attacks in the Ashland area between the spring and fall of 1918, stating \"We have no purpose to do injustice to any man, but we do feel that any treasonable and seditious acts, or utterances, demand prompt punishment.", "These cases must not be allowed to run indefinitely, without anything being done.", "We want action and we want it now.", "\"In March 1918, E. A. Schimler (sometimes spelled Schimmel), a language professor at Northland College from Germany, was suspected by the Knights of Liberty of being a German agent.", "They kidnapped, tarred and feathered him.", "He described the attack as well-organized.", "The Knights referred to their treatment of him as \"lenient\"; the case was not investigated.", "Weeks later, suspected pro-German bartender Adolph Anton was abducted, stripped, tarred and feathered.", "He and his wife claimed to recognize two of the men; the cases were dismissed – a decision cheered by local spectators – and he moved to Indiana.In May, German-born tax assessor William Landraint was not reappointed to his position after being accused of disloyalty.", "Abducted outside a hotel by about 50 Knights of Liberty, he had a bag placed over his head and was strangled.", "Landraint was then taken away, stripped, handcuffed, tarred and feathered.", "Though many people witnessed the event, none spoke up on the identities of the men involved.", "He requested police protection and later moved away to Saint Paul.The Knights of Liberty drove a German man, Emil Kunze, out of town in June after he heard them planning to tar and feather him.", "He requested police protection but ended up leaving his job and moving away.", "The next month, Martin Johnson, a farmer, was said to have made statements against the Red Cross's work and the government.", "He was abducted after giving some men directions to a fishing stream.", "They were said to have \"acted in a business-like manner\" as they drove him to a secluded area where he was stripped, tarred and feathered.In October that year, John Oestrych, a farmer, was tarred and feathered for failing to buy liberty bonds.One scholar notes the strength of anti-German sentiment at the time leading to a lack of coverage and condemnation.", "Another comments that the string of events was notably not covered in the ''Milwaukee Journal'''s statewide news columns.", "He states it was \"certainly not a coincidence\" that the tarring and feathering events took place in Ashland as it was the meeting place for a number of members of the Republican Loyalty Union Party.", "William T. Evjue from ''The Capital Times'' placed some of the blame for the continuing violence on local newspapers' lack of condemnation; Ashland newspaper editor John C. Chapple was called \"one of the ultra-reactionaries of the state\".The mayor of Ashland criticized the Knights' methods, writing in an open letter that \"pro-Germanism has nothing to do with it.", "It is simply a question of whether law or anarchy is to prevail in Ashland\" and \"the victim of mob outrage may or may not be a pro-German or even a German spy\", urging \"sincere...but...misguided patriots\" to aid law enforcement against disloyalty in more appropriate ways.", "Governor Emanuel L. Philipp requested the public's help \"to aid me in the suppression of the spirit of lawlessness which has been promoted under the guise of Loyalty\"; however, local citizens were uncooperative.", "Upon investigating the first two attacks, state Attorney General Spencer Haven found the town's citizens \"proud\" and \"generally satisfied\".", "He described the Knights of Liberty as \"a secret organization, presumably composed of many of Ashland's leading citizens who are absolutely loyal and determined there shall be absolutely no disloyalty in their city.", "\"=== California ===In May 1918, the Knights of Liberty took action in California.", "George Koetzer was abducted 50 members of the Knights of Liberty and brought to a secluded location in San Jose where the men tied him to a tree and tarred and feathered him.", "Koetzer was chained to a cannon.", "The Knights of Liberty were said to have also hanged a man named Henry Steinmoltz and taken him away in a vehicle, though the Secret Service and police later described the Steinmoltz incident as a hoax.", "The Knights of Liberty then sent anonymous letters describing their acts to the police and federal officials.", "The city manager decried the Knights' vigilante methods; they called a local newspaper, warning he \"had better go easy\" and \"The Knights of Liberty have more applications for membership than we can handle.", "We soon will be ready to come out in the open and then Manager Reed and everyone will be agreeably surprised at the class of men who compose its membership.\"", "No actions were taken against the police officers who allowed Koetzer to be taken.", "Several San Jose men requested to stay in the jail for their safety due to the threats against them by the Knights of Liberty; one was later hospitalized \"in a state of nervous collapse\".One Swiss German man was tied to the tree outside the courthouse in San Rafael and another man threatened.", "Because the crowd sympathized with the Knights, no action was taken by the sheriff.Later that month, a Red Cross fundraiser in San Jose featured, \"dressed in their robes of mystery, robes of the Ku Klux Klan...the 'Knights of Liberty' band\", playing patriotic music.The Knights of Liberty announced further action, sending threats to dozens of San Franciscans, businessmen in Visalia, and people in Northern California.", "Their threats were decried by the police and the typewriter used to produce the letters was eventually found.", "Officials promised to stop the group.", "The San Francisco chief of police stated that the city would not tolerate the Knights of Liberty nor mob rule.", "Major General John F. Morrison spoke harshly against the organization, urging citizens to use legal means of addressing disloyalty: \"If any American citizens are so anxious to display their loyalty, let them display it by standing loyally by the constitution of the United States... Tarring or feathering or mob violence is not in the spirit of the American constitution.\"", "The Provost Marshal Guard offered the assistance of 50 men to the police chief to combat the Knights of Liberty, and the US Marshal requested the ability to appoint more deputy marshals in 12 to 20 California cities." ], [ "Membership", "The Knights of Liberty were said to have 160 members in Leonardville, Kansas, a town of 380, in April 1916.In California, they claimed 82 members in the San Jose area, as well as branches in a number of other cities in the state, in May 1918.In November 1918, they claimed a membership of 75,000 in Minnesota and over 2,000,000 nationwide, significantly higher than the 250,000 to 300,000 members of the American Protective League.", "They claimed 800 members in Ashland, Wisconsin, in January 1919." ], [ "Reactions", "Local media covered the Tulsa Outrage in a generally positive tone, calling it \"a party, a real American party\" and referring to the Knights of Liberty as \"patriotic\".", "One Kansas City, Missouri man wrote an ode to the Knights of Liberty following the event, which was published in newspapers.", "The National Civil Liberties Bureau wrote in 1918 that the general response to the Tulsa Outrage was overwhelmingly positive, with a few newspapers such as the ''Evening Post'' and ''St.", "Louis Post-Dispatch'' condemning the event.", "Criticism was directed towards the Knights of Liberty for not doing enough.After Olli Kinkkonen's death in Minnesota, the governor stated he would not tolerate mob violence and offered a $500 reward for information.", "''The Nation'' argued that he should have taken stronger action to stop the Knights: \"$10,000 would not have been too much to check the attempt to create a northern Ku-Klux.\"", "The \"tardiness\" and \"spirit\" of the governor's response has been described as leading one Minnesota journalist to write in an editorial, \"The governor has made the discovery that there is a law against dragging a man out of his home and beating him up and subjecting him to all kinds of indignities.... Mobs have been doing – free and unmolested – so many Hun stunts in this state that we had almost come to believe that the mob was a new form of law and order enforcement.", "\"One newspaper reacted with sarcasm:The ''Oil & Gas Journal'' in 1918 referred to the Knights of Liberty's cases of flogging and tarring-and-feathering around the country as a concept from Tulsa and mostly justified.Writer and political activist Max Eastman called the group \"cowardly masked upper-class mobs\".A more recent (1981) book calls the Knights of Liberty \"some of the worst vigilante groups in the Midwest and in California\"." ], [ "Media", "The Knights of Liberty feature in ''All Men Fear Me'', a historical fiction mystery set in Oklahoma during World War I.", "A similar organization called the Patriotic Knights of Liberty is part of the fiction novel ''Murder at Wrigley Field''.", "A fictionalized account of Olli Kinkkonen's life, including his murder by the Knights of Liberty, is featured in the novel : ''People of the Marsh'' and in a poem in ''Approaching the Gate: Poems''." ], [ "Other organizations with the name", "The name ''Knights of Liberty'' was also used by several other organizations: an 1820 French anti-Bourbon association, a mid-1800s anti-slavery organization founded by Moses Dickson, an 1880s Jewish anarchist group in London, an American veterans' organization starting in 1919, and a New York anti-KKK group founded in 1923 by a former KKK member." ], [ "See also", "* Robert Prager* Lynching in the United States" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Susan Chomba" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Susan Chomba''' is a Kenyan scientist and environmentalist.", "She is a director at the World Resources Institute." ], [ "Biography", "Chomba grew up in poverty in Kirinyaga County.", "Chomba was largely raised by her grandmother as her mother, a single parent, was always working.", "Chomba's mother grew capsicum and french beans on a small plot of land owned by a step-uncle and created a farming cooperative.When Chomba was nine, a local boarding school rejected her due to her poverty, so she attended one further away, in Western Kenya.", "When her mother was no longer able to afford to send her there, Chomba returned to Kirinyaga to attend the provincial high school.", "Each student in the school was given a patch of land to farm.", "Chomba experimented with organic farming, growing cabbage to withstand the cold climate.Although Chomba had hoped to study law or agricultural economics, she was placed in a forestry course at Moi University.", "In her third year, when taking an agroforestry class, she found her calling.Chomba joined the International Centre for Research in Agroforestry, where she Regreening Africa, an eight-country land restoration program that restored one million hectares of degraded land in Africa.Chomba was a member of the first cohort to graduate with a dual European master's degree in Sustainable Tropical Forestry from Bangor University and the University of Copenhagen.", "She completed fieldwork in Tanzania.", "She continued to get her PhD in forest governance at the University of Copenhagen.In 2021, Chomba joined the World Resources Institute as their Director of Vital Landscapes for Africa, where she leads their work on \"Forests, Food systems and People.\"", "She is also a global ambassador for the Race to Zero and Race to Resilience under the UN High Level Champions for Climate Action." ], [ "Awards", "* Peter Henry Forestry Postgraduate Award, first recipient, Bangor University* 2016: 16 Women Restoring the Earth, Global Landscapes Forum* 2022: 25 women shaping climate action globally, Greenbiz* 2023: 100 Women (BBC)" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "British Iron Bar currency" ], [ "Introduction", "Sword type Iron bar currency'''British iron bar currency''' was a form of currency consisting of iron bars that appears to have been the first currency used in Britain.", "Iron currency bars first appeared around 200BC.", "Finds at Hod Hill suggest that the Iron bar currency stopped being used as coins were adopted.Currency bars have been found in four forms known as sword-shaped, spit shaped, plough-shaped and bay-leaf-shaped.", "It has been suggested that these shapes were used to show the origin of the bars.", "The bars generally weigh between 0.5 and 0.3 kg Spit shaped bars are the most commonly found representing half of all finds.", "Sword shaped bars make up another 40 percent.Iron currency bars have been found in some numbers in hill-forts With 27 being found at Hod Hill.", "The bars found at Danebury appear to have been into the process of being processed into goods.", "A hoard of 394 bars found at Meon Hill hillfort in 1824 marked the beginning of modern awareness of the currency bars.What appears to be iron bar currency was mentioned in Julius Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico.", "There are variances in the surviving texts meaning that it is possible the original text was referring to iron ring money.", "However iron bar currency is considered more likely in the light of archaeological discoveries of bars." ], [ "Types and Distribution", "The different types of bar have been found with varying frequency across England.TypeMainly foundImageSword-shapedHampshire, Dorset, along the Jurassic Way and onto the HumberSpit shapedCotswolds, SomersetPlough-shapedThames Valley, Kent, MidlandsBay-leaf-shapedCambridgeshire" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Jingwei Township" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Jingwei Township''' () is a township of Xinning County in southwestern Hunan province, China.", ", it has five villages under its administration: Jingwei Village, Yuanshui Yao Ethnic Village (), Xiaoyan Village (), Yanshan Village (), and Xiangfei Village ()." ], [ "See also", "* List of township-level divisions of Hunan" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "List of top 10 singles in 2024 (Ireland)" ], [ "Introduction", "This is a list of singles that have peaked in the top 10 of the Irish Singles Chart in 2024, as compiled by the Official Charts Company on behalf of the Irish Recorded Music Association." ], [ "Top 10 singles", "'''Key'''SymbolMeaningIndicates single's top 10 entry was also its Irish Singles Chart top 100 debutSingleArtist(s)PeakPeak dateWeeksat #1Ref.", "\"Murder on the Dancefloor\" ◁ Sophie Ellis-Bextor212 January\"Yes, And?\"", "◁ Ariana Grande219 January\"Homesick\"Noah Kahan and Sam Fender426 January\"Lose Control\"Teddy Swims42 February\"Unwritten\"Natasha Bedingfield62 February\"Scared to Start\"Michael Marcagi89 February\"Beautiful Things\"Benson Boone216 February" ], [ "See also", "2024 in musicList of number-one singles of 2024 (Ireland)" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Michael Pierre Price" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Michael Pierre Price''' is a Techspressionist artist born on November 27, 1954, in Hammond, Indiana.", "He currently lives and works in Phoenix, Arizona.", "Price's work explores the connections between physics, neuroscience, and spirituality.", "After a successful career in game design, Price shifted his focus to fine art in 2010.Price's art has been exhibited in galleries and exhibitions across the United States.", "His works have garnered critical acclaim for their innovative approach and aesthetics.Enigmatic Landscape, archival pigment print by Michael Pierre Price, 20”h x 30”w, 2017.Private collection.", "Price's background is eclectic in many ways, including his diverse ethnicity and career path.", "The artist's Native American and French heritage, has led him to explore the spirituality of his Ojibway ancestry, pursuing studies with tribal elders in Canada.", "His work is also informed with his science background, which includes physics studies at Purdue University and astrophysics research at the University of Toledo.", "His 30-year career as a game designer has also been an influence on his artistic output." ], [ "Early life and education", "Price and his younger brother Patrick Lucien Price were raised by their mother and grandmother, both of whom had experienced Nazi occupation in the south of France during World War II.At the age of two, Price's parents divorced, and he never knew his father.", "He described his childhood as magical, yet at the time it felt unremarkable to him, except for the fact that being raised by two women was outside the norm in the late '50s and early '60s.", "Part of that childhood magic he fondly remembers were the times he and his brother would create their own games; making the game boards, designing the rules, drawing up the artwork, and finally playing their creations .", "Price grew up bilingual because his grandmother spoke French more fluently than English.A childhood fossil-hunting trip and his first telescope, received as a gift at the age of 12, marked the beginning's of Price's interest in science.", "As a youth, Price's creativity melded with his affinity for numbers, logic, and theory.Price earned a Physics degree from Purdue University, which served as a springboard for his enrollment in the Ph.D. program at the University of Toledo.", "He pursued a Doctorate in Astrophysics for three years and co-authored a paper titled ''Nonrelativistic contribution to Mercury's perihelion precession,'' which was published in The American Journal of Physics.", "However, Price left the doctoral program when his thesis advisor departed from the university, leading to a major life change.", "Price has noted that, in retrospect, his interest in physics was based more upon his quest for understanding as a theoretician rather than the pursuit of an academic career." ], [ "Game design", "In 1980, Price embarked on his 30-year career in game design, when he became one of the first game designers hired by TSR, Inc.", "While there, Price helped further develop the roleplaying game Dungeons & Dragons, along with a variety of other highly successful game products.In 1983, Price joined the thriving video game market as a senior game designer at Coleco.", "Titles that Price worked on included: Spy Hunter (Coleco), Dragon’s Lair (Coleco), Super Donkey Kong (Coleco), WarGames (Coleco), and the Talking Cabbage Patch Doll (Coleco).Revenue from games and product lines that Price was involved with, including Fierce Harmony, have generated over $500 million in cumulative sales.Leveraging the experience gained with 3D immersive entertainment, he became one of the founders of a start-up game development company, Indigo Moon Productions, in 1995.As chief creative officer, he helped Indigo Moon design and produce PC game titles and demos for Interplay, AOL, Kesmai, Mattel, Sega, Hasbro, and WildTangent.", "Under his leadership, he helped the multi-million dollar company grow to a dozen employees, developing the following over six years: Shadoan, Dragon Dice, USCF Chess, Track Racer, and the multiplayer online game Fierce Harmony." ], [ "Art career", "Non-Euclidean Wasteland, digital image, 2024.Experimental work using0 3D fractals, AI, and proprietary algorithms.In 2010, he made the bold decision to leave the gaming industry behind and pursue his new calling as a Techspressionist artist.", "Combining his technical expertise with artistic vision, he began creating unique and thought-provoking artworks that explore the relationship between technology and human expression.The Copenhagen Interpretation, archival pigment print by Michael Pierre Price, 18”h x 24”w, 2012.An early Surrealist work combining photography, 3D objects, and digital imagery.", "Private collection.Call Me Ishmael Signage, exhibition sign used in 2021 solo exhibit “Call Me Ishmael” by Michael Pierre Price.", "Photo of signage waiting to be hung in gallery space.In late summer 2020, during the height of the global pandemic, a new art movement called Techspressionism was born from the eponymous technology-based artist community.", "Price received an invitation through Instagram from founding member Colin Goldberg to join this nascent movement and community.", "Price was in attendance at Salon# 8, held on January 5, 2021, which was the first Techspressionist Salon that was recorded and published on YouTube As the movement took hold and the community grew internationally, Price's participation and role as a Techspressionist artist also grew.", "He became a leading member of the Techspressionism community, presenting his artwork at more than 10 artist salons and moderating a number of them as well.", "He has been a featured speaker several times, including the artist salon on the topic of Art & Physics.", "Price has been interviewed for the Techspressionist Interview Series and has conducted several interviews of prominent fellow artists.", "He also led a Techspressionism Roundtable discussion with fellow artists Roz Dimon, Renata Janiszewska and Tommy Mintz.Price has shown his artwork in Techspressionism 2021, the movement's first large-scale online exhibition, curated by Colin Goldberg and Patrick Lichty, which was included in The Wrong Biennale.Price's artwork ''From The Light And Flow Of No-Mind'' was exhibited in the inaugural international Techspressionism: Digital And Beyond exhibition at the Southampton Arts Center, NY in 2022.This work was one of several that were featured in articles published about the exhibit and the exhibition catalogue From The Light And Flow Of No-Mind, archival pigment print by Michael Pierre Price, 36”h x 54”w, 2021.Featured in Techspressionism: Digital And Beyond exhibition at Southampton Arts Center, NY 2022.Private collection.In 2023, Price was part of a team of four Techspressionist curators that developed and produced the first 3D group art space, called Cyberiana, for the Techspressionism community.", "His own gallery space within Cyberiana was dedicated to his planned art book project, Call Me Ishmael." ], [ "Artistic influences", "Despite his upbringing in an industrial environment, situated between Gary and Chicago, he was inspired at an early age by his maternal grandmother's affinity for gardening and nature.Price employs various digital tools and techniques to create his artworks.", "He embraces the use of computer software, algorithms, and coding to generate intricate patterns, textures, and visual effects.", "His works often reflect themes of connectivity, artificial intelligence, and the intersection of physics, neuroscience, and spirituality.Fractal Tree, computer screen shot from 3D fractal program of work in progress, 2018.Example of technology-based software used in artwork creation by Michael Pierre Price." ], [ "Publications", "''Nonrelativistic contribution to Mercury's perihelion precession''.''√-1''''.''" ], [ "Art exhibitions", "=== Solo exhibits ===+ Year Exhibition Location 2021 Call Me Ishmael.", "Five15Arts @Chartreuse, Phoenix, AZ 2020 √-1.Five15Arts @Chartreuse, Phoenix, AZ 2018 MAPS: Enigmatic Landscape.", "Coconino Center For The Arts, Flagstaff, AZ=== Group exhibits ===+ Year Exhibition Location 2024 The Wrong Biennale 2023/24, Techspressionism: Cyberiana.", "Online 2023 The Wrong Biennale 2023/24, Techspressionism: Digital And Beyond.", "Online 2023 The Future Of Printmaking.", "Mesa Community College Art Gallery, Mesa, AZ 2023 Book Marks.", "Cotuit Center For The Arts, Cotuit, MA 2022 Digital Sand Box Studios, Melbourne, Australia 2022 All Art Arizona Art Intersection, Gilbert, AZ 2022 Techspressionism: Digital And Beyond Southampton Arts Center, Southampton, NY 2022 No Strangers Art Intersection, Gilbert, AZ 2022 Redefining The Creator Economy Mesa Community College Art Gallery, Mesa, AZ 2021 Techspressionism 2021 Techspressionism.com, online 2021 Collab #2: A Calling For Utopia Techspressionism.com, online 2021 All Art Arizona Art Intersection, Gilbert, AZ 2021 Plus One Five15 Arts @ Chartreuse, Phoenix, AZ 2021 Spring Fever Five15 Arts @ Chartreuse, Phoenix, AZ 2020 No Strangers Art Intersection, Gilbert, AZ 2020 All Art Arizona Art Intersection, Gilbert, AZ 2020 Hendecagram Five15 Arts @ Chartreuse, Phoenix, AZ 2020 Chartreuse @ Chartreuse Five15 Arts @ Chartreuse, Phoenix, AZ 2019 No Strangers Art Intersection, Gilbert, AZ 2019 Power Of Five Invitational Five15 Arts @ Chartreuse, Phoenix, AZ 2019 All Art Arizona Art Intersection, Gilbert, AZ 2019 AAG Statewide Exhibition West Valley Art HQ, Surprise, AZ 2019 Baker's Dozen Five15 Arts @ Chartreuse, Phoenix, AZ 2018 free FORM Mesa Community College Art Gallery, Mesa, AZ 2018 All Art Arizona Art Intersection, Gilbert, AZ" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Lando (archbishop of Messina)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Lando''' (died 1248 or 1249) was the archbishop of Reggio in Calabria from 1218 to 1232, and archbishop of Messina from 1232 until his death.", "Lando was born into an aristocratic family in Anagni, although very little is known about family.", "However his origins in Anagni were probably a benefit for his later career, as the cardinals Ugolino of Ostia (the future Pope Gregory IX) and Rinaldo of Osria (later Pope Alexander IV) were also from Anagni.", "Nothing is known of Lando's early life, but he must have become a member of clergy of the papal court in Rome through the influence of his colleagues Ugolino and Rinaldo.", "In 1218 he was named archbishop of Reggio by Pope Honorius III.", "Lando's diocese in Reggio was part of Frederick's Kingdom of Sicily, ruled by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor.", "At the time of Lando's appointment in 1218, Frederick was away in Germany asserting his rights to the Kingdom of Germany and the Holy Roman Empire.", "When Frederick returned to Sicily in 1221, Lando became a ''familiaris'' of the emperor and served as an ambassador from Frederick to the papal court.", "In 1222 he was appointed a commission to make judgements on disputed elections in the dioceses of Calabria, along with Lucas, bishop of Cosenza.", "In 1224 he was assigned to judge the case of Aldoin, bishop of Cefalu, who had been expelled from his diocese by Frederick.", "Frederick planned to go on crusade in 1227 but had to turn back when a disease spread through his fleet.", "For breaking his vow as a crusader, Gregory IX excommunicated him.", "Lando was sent to negotiate with Gregory to undo the sentence, but he was unsuccessful.Frederick eventually did go on crusade in 1228.Lando accompanied him and helped negotiate the Treaty of Jaffa between Frederick and the sultan of Egypt, al-Kamil, through which Jerusalem was returned to the Christians.", "Lando then returned to Italy to report the news to Pope Gregory.", "While Frederick was away, a papal army invaded southern Italy in 1229, forcing Frederick to return home.", "Lando again acted as an ambassador between the emperor and the pope and helped negotiate the Treaty of San Germano in 1230.In 1232 Lando was transferred to the archdiocese of Messina.", "By this time Lando was concerned that \"envious\" people were trying to turn Frederick against him, and he was \"very much afraid of losing the royal favour.\"", "The next year there was a rebellion against Frederick and the emperor may have blamed Lando.", "Whether Lando had anything to do with it or not, Frederick stopped using him as an ambassador.", "Lando and Frederick apparently reconciled by 1238 when the emperor sent him to negotiate with the pope again, in the context of Frederick's war with the Lombard League.", "Frederick was excommunicated by the pope and he began to plan a military expedition against Rome itself.", "Frederick must have once again considered Lando a trusted confidant, as he explained his strategy in detail in letters to the archbishop.", "By this point, Lando had already abandoned Messina and had returned to his hometown in Anagni in 1238.In 1239 he reported to Frederick that he had been appointed the new Latin patriarch of Jerusalem, although he never served there, possibly because pope Gregory was suspicious of Lando's reconciliation with the emperor.", "He remained in Anagni and died in 1248 or 1249." ], [ "References" ], [ "Sources", "David Abulafia, ''Frederick II: A Medieval Emperor'' (Oxford University Press, 1992).", "Norbert Kamp, ''Kirche und Monarchie im staufischen Königreich Sizilien: I. Prosopographische Grundlegung: Bistümer und Bischöfe des Konigreichs 1194–1266: 2.Apulien und Kalabrien'' (Wilhelm Fink, 1975)*H.J.", "Pybus, \"The emperor Frederick II and the Sicilian church,\" ''The Cambridge Historical Journal'', vol.", "3, no.", "2 (1930)" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Cyathea rojasiana" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Cyathea rojasiana''''' is a species of tree fern endemic to Panama." ], [ "Description", "It can grow 2 m tall.", "Seemingly dead, senescent fronds can root once they touch the ground." ], [ "Taxonomy", "===Publication===It was first described as ''Cyathea panamensis'' A.Rojas by Alexander Francisco Rojas Alvarado in 2001.However, this was a Nomen illegitimum.", "Therefore, it was later published as ''Cyathea rojasiana'' Lehnert by Marcus Lehnert in 2011." ], [ "Distribution and habitat", "It occurs in the tropical montane forest of Panama." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Fisayomi Abebi" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Fisayomi Olamide Amodemaja''', popularly known as '''Fisayomi Abebi''', is a Nigerian actress and film producer.", "She became the youngest producer in the Nigerian film industry, after producing the film ''Abebi'' in 2021." ], [ "Early life and education", "Fisayomi Abebi was born in Ogun State, Nigeria.", "Fisayomi attended Bodija International College in Ibadan." ], [ "Career", "Fisayomi Abebi started acting at the age of eight years old in church.", "Her talent as a child actress got her close to a man named Tunde Ola Yusuf.", "Mr Tunde introduced Fisayomi to the Yoruba film industry.In 2021 Fisayomi Abebi produce her first movie ''Abebi'', at the age of ten years old, which brought her into limelight.", "Since then, she has been getting more roles in the Yoruba movie industry, and has worked on set with star actors like Odunlade Adekola, Bimbo Oshin, Ronke Odusanya, Ireti Osayemi and many others." ], [ "Selected filmography", "''Abebi'' (2021)''Apara'' (2021)''Ere Oran'' (2022)''Nibolowa'' (2022)''Strangers'' (2022)''Firi'' (2023)''Tawakalitu'' (2023)''Distance between us (2023)''Awuru Ijogbon'' (2023)''Ese Maami'' (2024)''Pink Beret'' (2023)''Silence Forever'' (2023)''This Is Us'' (2021)''Anike Ami'' (2022)''Emere Alagbara'' (2024)''Olowo Idan'' (2024)''Opipi'' (2023)''Osunkunbi'' (2023)''Atori Esan'' (2024)''Apoti Wahala'' (2023)''Emilokan'' (2022)" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Rakete Perelman" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Rakete Perelman''''' () is a 2017 German tragicomedy film from director Oliver Alaluukas.", "The film premiered at the 38th ''Max Ophüls Preis Film Festival'' on January 24, 2017, and was released in German cinemas on November 9, 2017.It stars Liv Lisa Fries in the leading role." ], [ "Plot", "Jen, who is in her mid-twenties, is fed up with the hectic city life and her job in the fashion industry.", "She goes to her old friend Till in the Brandenburg wasteland and joins the art colony Rakete Perelman.There, ten people have joined to form a self-sufficient living community away from bourgeois society.", "Jen experiences a whole new model of life in the modern commune, which oscillates between individualism and community and between art and commerce.", "The commune also needs money in order to exist.", "That's why Tobias, the founder of the commune, wants to generate urgently needed income with a theater performance.", "He enlists Jen, along with Till and filmmaker Miro, to play the lead roles.", "As work on the play begins, open conflict arises within the commune, forcing them to take a stand on their idealism." ], [ "Cast", "* Liv Lisa Fries as Jen * Tobias Lehmann as Tobias* Gordon Kämmerer as Till* Stefan Lampadius as Sebastian* Kai Michael Müller as Miro* Anne Haug as Carmen* Africa Brau as África* Oliver Bröcker as Marcus* Lilly Marie Tschörtner as Julia* Mathilde Fiedler as Alma* Ilyes Moutaoukkil as Emilio* Lars Rudolph as Mister Grube* Franziska Jünger as Fitness employee* Dario Lehner as Heiko Kessler, mailman* Milton Welsh as Fitness employee" ], [ "Production and background", "Rocket Perelman was made as part of the ''LEUCHTSTOFF'' initiative of Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg and Medienboards Berlin-Brandenburg, which also funded the film.", "The work is also Oliver Alaluukas' diploma project at the Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg.", "The Anna Wendt Filmproduktion GmbH produced the movie and the Konrad Wolf Film University of Babelsberg and the Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg were co-producers." ], [ "Reception", "===Reviews===The German film reviews of \"Rakete Perelman\" so far have been predominantly praising and benevolent.", "So Harald Mühlbeyer of German film magazine ''kino-zeit.de'' praises that Oliver Alaluukas \"traces the development of the rocket Perelman from the newcomer's point of view in beautiful, wide Cinemascope images.\"", "Moreover, the critic notes that this is \"psychologically not as intense as Marie Kreutzer's The Fatherless\" and \"cinematically not as radical as Lars von Trier's Idiots.\"", "Alaluukas tells \"conventionally but cleverly about the small tensions that can lead to big upheavals.", "Quite casually and without much fanfare, turning points, new perspectives, surprises arise from the characters.", "Characters that Alaluukas gives all their space to unfold, that he brings close to us - and yet who then act unexpectedly at the decisive moment.", "\"Björn Schneider of German art house - cinema magazine ''Programmkino.de'' praises the film's ensemble of actors.", "The actors \"lend their characters a high degree of natural charm with their sympathetic, down-to-earth, unaffected acting style.\"", "And would thereby offer \"ample identification potential.", "\"Falk Straub of the German film website ''Spielfilm.de'' also praises the film's acting and visual language: \"For all the convincing acting, \"Rakete Perelman\" is also a beautifully photographed film.", "Cinematographer Valentin Selmke also makes his long-distance debut, wrestling many an impressive view from the Brandenburg landscape or the nighttime party in the fluorescent look.\"", "However, But Falk Straub criticizes the film's narrative for \"revealing its construction too easily\" and \"ultimately remaining somewhat insubstantial.\"" ], [ "Accolades", "2017: Nomination for the ''Max Ophüls Award'' in the category ''Best Feature Film'' for Oliver Alaluukas at the ''Max Ophüls Preis Film Festival'' in Saarbrücken, Germany 2017: Nomination for the award ''Best Young Actor'' for Gordon Kämmerer at the ''Max Ophüls Preis Film Festival''* 2017: Nomination for the award ''Flying Ox'' in the category ''Best Feature'' for Oliver Alaluukas at the FilmArtFestival Mecklenburg-Pomerania* 2017: Nomination for the award ''Best feature film'' for Oliver Alaluukas at the ''Aubagne International Film Festival''* 2017: Nomination for the award ''Best feature'' for Oliver Alaluukas at the ''Achtung Berlin Film Festival''" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Milagros Paz" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Milagros de Jesús Paz Fuenmayor''' (5 April 1962) is a Venezuelan journalist and politician, deputy of the National Assembly for the Sucre state and the Justice First party." ], [ "Career", "Milagros graduated with a degree in social communication from University of Zulia.", "She has been regional coordinator of the Justice First party in Sucre state, and in 2015 denounced the disqualification of María Corina Machado as deputy.", "Paz was elected as deputy for the National Assembly for the 3rd circuit of Sucre state for the 2016-2021 period in the 2015 parliamentary elections, representing the Democratic Unity Roundtable coalitioon for Justice First.", "She has been a member of the Parliamentary Commission of Energy and Petroleum and the Parliamentary Commission of Natural Resources and Climate Change." ], [ "See also", "* IV National Assembly of Venezuela" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Myself Allen Swapan" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Myself Allen Swapan''''' (Bengali: '''মাইসেলফ অ্যালেন স্বপন''') is a Bangladeshi crime drama streaming television series directed by Shihab Shaheen.", "The seven-episode series was released on 22 April 2023 on Chorki.", "The series stars Nasir Uddin Khan, Rafiyath Rashid Mithila in lead roles.Syndicate, thus making Myself Allen Swapan is a spin-off series universe." ], [ "Story", "'''Allen Swapan''' lives in Chittagong , is a drug dealer and has a son named Jadu.On the other hand, Md.", "Shamsur Rahman and Shayla are husband and wife.", "Shamsur is an insurance company official by profession.Swapan and Badu, childhood friends, used to trade illegal drugs in a joint partnership.", "After being chased by the police from Cox's Bazar, he hid for a while in an abandoned house on the hill.Swapan embezzled Tk 400 crores of his friend Badur's share and killed Shamsur Rahman in a trick and disguised himself as a husband to Shamsur Rahman's wife Shayla (Allen Swapan and Shamsur Rahman look exactly the same).At one point, Shayla's brother Iqbal and his entourage along with Badu kidnap a disguised Swapan to extort a share of the money, forcing him to confess that he is Allen Swapan.", "Swapan was subjected to inhuman torture but he identified himself as Shamsur Rahman.", "Swapan knew that if he confessed, he would be killed after recovering 400 hundred crores of rupees and Swapan remained silent even after seeing his son Jadu killed in front of his eyes." ], [ "Cast", "* Nasir Uddin Khan as Siddiqur Rahman Swapan aka Allen Swapan and Md.", "Shamsur Rahman Tapan* Rafiath Rashid Mithila as Allen Swapan's wife Shaila* Shatabdi Wadud as Selim Chowdhury* Aiman Shima * Sumon Anwar as Tanzil* Abdullah Al Sentu as Jadu* Rafiul Quader Rube as Badu* Farhad Limon* Abdullah Al Sentou* Arnav Tripura* Mishkat Mahmud* Zahid Islam* Ready Mahadi* Baijid Hasan" ], [ "Episodes" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Renita Holmes" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Renita Holmes''' is an American housing activist.", "She runs consulting practice OUR Homes, specializing in issues related to African-American and inner-city women." ], [ "Early life", "Holmes was raised by a single mother with 11 children.", "She was raised in foster care, where she experienced and witnessed abuse.", "She began a landscaping company as a teenager, later hiring formerly incarcerated women." ], [ "Career and activism", "Holmes lives in Little Haiti, Miami, where rent has been raising due to rising sea levels.", "She calls this climate gentrification, in which the poor are pushed out by the rich for climate reasons.Holmes runs business and property consulting practice OUR Homes and campaigns for housing rights for marginalized communities.", "She also helps local housing agencies on issues related to African-American and inner-city women.", "Holmes's work and other activism frequently bring her into conflict with the Miami government and leadership, and has reportedly included physical altercations.In 2016, Holmes was honored by the Miami Commission for risking her life to save a teenager injured by a bullet.In 2020, a video of Holmes hugging a police officer during the George Floyd protests went viral.Holmes is a fellow of Cleo Institute's Empowering Resilient Women program.", "In 2023, she was one of the 100 Women (BBC)." ], [ "Personal life", "Holmes is a senior living with disabilities.Holmes lost a child to gun violence." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Lillie Johnson" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Lillie Johnson''', (born ) is a Jamaican Canadian nurse and public health advocate.", "Recognized as the first Black Director of Public Health in Ontario, Johnson's work focused on advocating for patients with sickle cell disease.Born in Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica, she began her career as an elementary school teacher.", "At 29 years old, Johnson moved to Edinburgh, Scotland to pursue nursing.", "Johnson migrated to Ontario, Canada in 1960 to work as a nurse after practicing in England, Jamaica and America.In 1981, Johnson founded the Sickle Cell Association of Ontario to provide outreach and advocacy programs not previously available in the region." ], [ "Honours", "In 2023, she was made an Member of the Order of Canada for her contribution to public health." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Funeral Stomp" ], [ "Introduction", "\"'''Funeral Stomp'''\" is a song by English singer Robert Lloyd, released in 1990 as the lead single from his debut solo studio album ''Me and My Mouth''.", "The song was written by Lloyd and Mark Tibenham, and was produced by Andy Richards." ], [ "Background", "Lloyd embarked on a solo career after the Nightingales disbanded in 1986 and formed a new backing band, the New Four Seasons.", "Prior to being recorded, \"Funeral Stomp\" was performed during a BBC Radio 1 session for John Peel on 31 January 1989.In 1989, Lloyd signed with Virgin Records as a solo artist and spent that summer recording a solo studio album.", "\"Funeral Stomp\" was released as the album's lead single on 26 March 1990.It failed to reach the top 100 of the UK Singles Chart, but did spend a week at number 18 on ''Music Week'''s 'The Other Chart'.Speaking to ''Melody Maker'' in 1990, Lloyd described \"Funeral Stomp\", \"It's a song about the futility of worrying about dying.", "You should be on a groove instead of all that worrying.", "That's why the chorus is so jolly, 'cause that's what happens isn't it?", "You read a few books and lose your looks and then die.", "It's just a fact.", "It's not particularly gloomy.", "The message is, 'Don't be miserable', and that's as old as the hills really.\"", "He added to ''NME'', \"'Funeral Stomp' is just a simple little true story, but it's smarter than the average lyric – or it appears that way to me.\"" ], [ "Critical reception", "Upon its release, Terry Staunton of ''NME'' called \"Funeral Stomp\" \"perhaps the jolliest miserable record you'll ever hear, dealing as it does with the inevitability that mortal man will one day be dust\".", "He described the lyrics of the chorus as being \"so good I could almost forgive Rob for inventing Fuzzbox\" and added, \"He's a maverick talent who's never quite received the accolades he deserves, but hopefully all that will change\".", "Everett True of ''Melody Maker'' commented that Lloyd had made an \"intelligent, intriguing, blackly humorous, sexy record\" and continued, \"It's got a bass-joggled dance groove and that's not all!", "Cool, wazzy keyboards start up and ride the storm, before Robert swoops down with a seriously clear vocal line.\"", "Johnny Dee of ''Record Mirror'' considered it as \"a synthy pop, black humour sing-a-long with a lopsided grin\" and \"a breezy way to spend four minutes of anyone's life\".", "He noted that the \"Christmasy, jingly keyboards sound like they've been sampled off\" Jona Lewie's 1980 song \"Stop the Cavalry\" and Lloyd's vocals have a \"similar tone\" to Heaven 17's Glenn Gregory.David Giles of ''Music Week'' stated that Lloyd, who he praised as \"possibly the finest pop lyricist of all time\", had returned \"in virtually unrecognisable style\" with \"an uptempo pure pop classic that pours out of the speaks like SAW with PhDs!\"", "Peter Kinghorn of the ''Newcastle Evening Chronicle'' noted that the \"title belies this lively danceable pop\".", "Dave James of the ''North Wales Weekly News'' believed that, on first impression, the title \"has tasteless and tacky written all over it\", but found the song to be \"anything but dislikeable\".", "He wrote, \"Lloyd creeps around melodramatically on the sleeve and delivers a powerful lament on vinyl.", "A title with a difference and a song which is equally surprising.\"", "Andrew Hirst of the ''Huddersfield Daily Examiner'' called it \"the most morbid pop song of the year, laced with such jolly lines as 'tax and death and belly-aches are things to savour'\" and continued, \"He may be a witty, sarcastic songsmith of no mean stature, but Bob sure doesn't reap in the rewards for the intelligence he pumps out.\"" ], [ "Track listing", "'''7–inch single (UK)'''#\"Funeral Stomp\" – 3:49#\"Strayed\" – 1:51'''12-inch single (UK)'''#\"Funeral Stomp\" – 3:49#\"Strayed\" – 1:51#\"The Last Laugh\" – 4:47'''CD single (UK)'''#\"Funeral Stomp\" – 3:49#\"Strayed\" – 1:51#\"The Last Laugh\" – 4:47#\"All the Time in the World\" – 3:56" ], [ "Personnel", "'''\"Funeral Stomp\"'''* Robert Lloyd – vocals* Andy Richards – keyboards, Fairlight programming* Benedict Fenner – additional keyboards* Peter Byrchmore – violin* Luís Jardim – percussion* Mark Tibenham – backing vocals'''Production'''* Andy Richards – production (\"Funeral Stomp\")* Benedict Fenner – remixing (\"Funeral Stomp\"), engineering (\"Funeral Stomp\")* Robert Lloyd – production (\"Strayed\", \"The Last Laugh\")* Peter Byrchmore – production (\"Strayed\", \"The Last Laugh\")* Mark Bruce – production (\"The Last Laugh\")* Mark Tibenham – production (\"All the Time in the World\")'''Other'''* Joan Dawson – illustration* Christof Gstalder – photography" ], [ "Charts", "Chart (1990)PeakpositionUK The Other Chart (''Music Week'')18" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Three Below Zero" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Three Below Zero''''' is a 1998 Swiss-German drama thriller film, directed by Simon Aeby." ], [ "Premise", "Two women and a man get locked inside the laundry room of an apartment on a stormy night in New York City." ], [ "Cast", "Wes Bentley as Julian FincherKate Walsh as Moriat GreenbergJudith Roberts as Nora Littman Don Creech as MarkJosé Rabelo as José Jack Williams as WaiterD.W. Reiser as Bobby StricksJoseph Small as Televangelist" ], [ "Background", "The film's director Simon Aeby was originally born in Switzerland, later moving to New York City in the 1980s.", "Aeby had previously directed for a successful advertising business, and sold his shares in the company so he could move to New York.", "He became inspired to make his own movie because of Steven Soderbergh, who experienced success with his independent film ''Sex, Lies, and Videotape'' in 1989.Aeby had a son during the late 1980s and had to work odd jobs on the side to support his family, all while trying to get a film made.", "He was eventually able to get financing for his feature debut through help from a TV station, which aired a short film he directed in New York.", "This station contributed two thirds of the budget, with another investor later coming up with the rest of the money.", "Aeby started writing the first draft for ''Three Below Zero'' late one night, and completed it within the next 10 days." ], [ "Casting and filming", "Casting for the film occurred at the beginning of 1997 in downtown New York.", "Aeby spent six weeks trying to find a male lead, eventually coming across 18 year old Wes Bentley on his way to the subway one night.", "Bentley had just auditioned for the Broadway musical ''A Chorus Line'', but didn't get the part, and the next day was auditioning for ''Three Below Zero''.", "It was Bentley's first full-length film, having previously appeared in a 1995 short called ''Serendipity Lane''.Filming occurred over 25 days, between May 27, 1997, and June 20, 1997, after two weeks of preproduction.", "The first day of shooting was on the hottest day of the summer in New York that year.", "While it utilized a European crew, all the actors in the film were American." ], [ "Music", "The opening and closing theme song \"Leaving\" was performed by the Austrian band Alice in the Fields.", "In 1998, a CD containing the background score from Frank Hoenninger and Stephan Massimo was released in Germany." ], [ "Release and reception", "''Three Below Zero'' premiered on August 14, 1998, at the Locarno Film Festival in Switzerland, at a packed 900-seat theater.", "The film would receive a standing ovation from the crowd.", "The film then went on a festival tour around Europe and won the prestigious Max Ophüls Award for best picture.", "Kinowelt, a European distributor, picked up the rights for a theatrical and DVD release in the early 2000s.Derek Elley of ''Variety'' gave the film a mixed review in September 1998, writing that the \"basic problem is that the emotional claustrophobia of the setting is never convincingly drawn ... the characters’ personalities don't really stand up to this much examination — at least, not with the dialogue they're handed.\"", "He added, \"the three leads make the best of the script and individually have brief moments\", also noting that the \"whole film has a somewhat flat, underlit look that detracts from Aeby’s use of widescreen.\"", "AllMovie's Bhob Stewart gave it only one out of five stars." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Robert Dottrens" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Robert Dottrens''' (April 27, 1893, Carouge - February 11, 1984, Troinex) was a Swiss educator and professor of general pedagogy and history of pedagogy at the University of Geneva, founder of experimental pedagogy in Switzerland." ], [ "Biography", "Dottrens was born on April 27, 1893, in Carouge, Geneva, Switzerland, where he completed his primary and secondary education.", "Later, he obtained his diploma from the Jean-Jacques Rousseau Institute, where he began teaching in 1925.He worked towards the collaboration between the Institute and the University of Geneva.", "In 1931, he defended a thesis in sociology titled \"The Problem of Inspection and New Education: An Essay on Pedagogical and Social Control of Primary Education.\"", "He founded and later directed the experimental Mail School (1928-1952).", "In 1931, Robert Dottrens became a private-docent, and subsequently, he became a professor of general pedagogy and the history of pedagogy at the University of Geneva (1952-1963), where he established the Laboratory of Experimental Pedagogy.He was a founding member of the International Bureau of Education in 1925 and a member of its council from 1929 to 1959.He actively participated in meetings of experimentalist teachers, leading to the establishment of the Association Internationale de Pédagogie Expérimentale de Langue Française (AIPELF).", "He was responsible for organizing the first meeting of university teachers in Lyon in 1953.Dottrens, a professor of pedagogy at the University of Geneva, ascended to the position after an intensive career as a teacher and later as the director of education in the Canton of Geneva.", "A fundamental characteristic of Dottrens work is his experimental approach, linked to the need for individualization of teaching.For the former, he sought contributions from sociology to pedagogical research, while for the latter, he worked on creating tools to tailor instruction to individual needs, treating each individual as an active participant in social life.", "Among these techniques, the most well-known involves the construction and use of individual exercise cards for recovery in every discipline." ], [ "Publications", "* ''Le problème de l'inspection et l'éducation nouvelle: essai sur le contrôle pédagogique et social de l'enseignement primaire'' (1931)* ''Le progrès à l'école: sélection des élèves ou changement des méthodes'' (1936)* ''L'enseignement individualisé'' (1936, 1947)* ''Éducation et démocratie; réflexions, responsabilités, perspectives'' (1946)* ''Lexikon der Padagogik'' (1950–1953)* ''L'amélioration des programmes scolaires et la pédagogie expérimentale'' (1957)* ''Programmes et plans d'études dans l'enseignement primaire'' (1961)* ''Instituteurs hier; éducateurs demain!", "L'évolution de l'école primaire'' (1966) * ''Éduquer et instruire'' (1966)* ''La crise de l'education et ses remedes'' (1971)" ], [ "See also", "* Education* Pedagogy" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Northumberland and Durham Association Cup" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Northumberland and Durham Association Cup''' was the first association football tournament for teams in the north-west of England; it proved so successful that the association was split into its constituent counties within four years." ], [ "History", "The first association football club in the north-east of England, Tyne Association, was founded in 1876, but until 1878 it had no other local club against which to play; after a concerted effort, including inviting teams from Scotland down to demonstrate the game, a number of other clubs were founded, and in January 1880 six of them formed the Northumberland and Durham Association; the founder members were Tyne, Rangers, Corbridge, North-Eastern, Burnopfield, and Haughton-le-Skerne.They organized a subscription for a new trophy, and £50 was raised for it; by the end of 1880, the association had 18 full members.", "The trophy stood 30 inches high, with a figure of Victory on top bearing a laurel and palm reath, and bas-reliefs of the coat of arms of Northumberland and Durham, and St George and the Dragon.===1880–81===The first competition was held in 1880–81, and the biggest tie of the round - Rangers v Tyne Association - was drawn in the seond round; the game ended in a draw, and Rangers' protest that it had in fact won was turned down, resulting in a large attendance turning up to the Northumberland Cricket Club ground for the replay to see Rangers win 2–0.Rangers indeed was the first champion, beating Haughton-le-Skerne 1–0 in the final, played at the Tyne Cricket Ground.", "The winning goal was credited to captain Simms, whose shot was parried through the post by Dodds.", "In the semi-final Rangers had beaten Sunderland 5–0, although the lop-sided nature of the draw meant that Houghton-le-Skerne had had a bye into the final.===1881–82===Rangers retained the trophy in 1881–82, beating Tyne in the semi-final and Corbridge in a final replay; Corbridge had won 3–2 at Alnwick, amid some disgruntlement that the referee disallowed an Alnwick goal, after the Corbridge goalkeeper was charged between the posts while holding the ball, after he consulted the rule book in his pocket.", "Both finals were again being held at the Tyne cricket ground.", "Corbridge took a first-minute lead in the original game, R. Mitchelson equalizing after 35 minutes.", "Rangers won the replay 2–0; the first goal was scored by Simms in the first half, and Lochhead clinched near the end, unmarked enough at a corner to nod the ball down to himself to finish.===1882–83===Northumberland and Durham Association Cup 1st Round, Sporting Life, 1 February 18831882–83 was the final year of the competition, and it saw its biggest entry of 21 clubs, including Sunderland and Newcastle East End.", "Rangers suffered its first defeat in the competition with a 1–0 defeat to Tyne Association in the second-final.", "Tyne indeed went on to win the trophy; again held on the Tyne Cricket Ground, final opponents Sunderland failed to take advantage of the wind behind it in the first half, and second half goals from T. Redmayne and G. H. Ainslie secured the cup for the Newcastle side.===Split===The success of the competition and growth of the game in the counties had been such that for 1883–84 each county had its own association, running its own competition, namely the Northumberland Senior Cup and Durham Challenge Cup, although for some years afterwards the two cup holders met in a friendly match." ], [ "Finals", "+Northumberland and Durham Association Cup FinalsSeasonDateWinnerScoreRunners Up1880–8126 MarchRangers1–0 Houghton-le-Skerne1881–8218 March, 1 AprilRangers1–1, 2–0 Corbridge1882–8331 MarchTyne Association2–0 Sunderland" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "SFIL" ], [ "Introduction", "SFIL logo (since 2020), featuring the CDC logo on the right.", "The tagline \"Au service des territoires et des exportations\" translates as \"serving local communities and exports\"'''SFIL''', known until 2015 as '''Société de Financement Local''', is a French public credit institution spun off in February 2013 from the publicly rescued Dexia.", "SFIL operates in local public sector financing and large export credit contracts refinancing, in commercial partnership with publicly owned bank La Banque Postale (LBP).", "Since 2020 it has been fully owned by Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations (CDC), France's major public financial institution, but for a single share still held by the French state.SFIL has been designated as a Significant Institution since the entry into force of European Banking Supervision in late 2014, and as a consequence is directly supervised by the European Central Bank." ], [ "History", "Dexia sold the Société de Financement Local (SFIL) for one euro in January 2013, following which the bank's new shareholders were the French state (75 percent), CDC (20 percent), and LBP (5 percent).", "The transferred operations included the Dexia Municipal Agency, a debt-issuing vehicle, which was subsequently renamed the (Caffil).", "Through Caffil, SFIL became the owner of the outstanding €90 billion in troubled loans previously granted by Dexia to the public sector, including €9.4 billion of structured credits.In May 2015, the French government directed SFIL to expand its operations to refinancing of major export credit contracts (above 70 million euros) guaranteed by Bpifrance Assurance Export, the export guarantee arm of Bpifrance.", "The name change from Société de Financement Local to SFIL reflected that expansion of the bank's scope of activity.", "Also in 2015, the bank made profits for the first time.In 2017, SFIL became the leading liquidity provider for state-guaranteed export credit, with 50 percent market share.", "SFIL operates in partnership with all commercial banks active in French export credit.In March 2018, the government extended SFIL's export system to strategic projects carried out by French companies abroad benefiting from a public guarantee.In 2013–2017, SFIL and its fully-owned subsidiary Caffil raised more than 31 billion euros in long-term financing.", "As such, Sfil/Caffil was the second-largest public bond issuer in France, behind the government itself.", "Caffil refinances medium-term and long-term loans made by LBP (in partnership with the Caisse des Dépôts) to local authorities and public hospitals.In 2019, the Caisse des Dépôts announced it would acquire all SFIL equity held by the French state and LBP, thus becoming the bank's sole shareholder except for a single share kept by the state.", "The transaction was completed in September 2020." ], [ "See also", "* Kuntarahoitus* BNG Bank* Crédit Communal de Belgique" ], [ "Notes" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "HD 49434" ], [ "Introduction", "'''HD 49434''' is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Monoceros.", "It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.75.Based on parallax measurements the star is located at a distance of 130.5 light years from the Sun, but it is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −17 km/s.During a study with the ELODIE spectrograph from 1998 onwards it was found to show low amplitude variations of absorption line profiles, which is an indication of non-radial pulsations.", "It also displays a long period, low amplitude variation in luminosity, which together suggest it is a Gamma Doradus variable.", "Observation of the star during the CoRoT mission showed ten pulsation frequencies, four of which are typical for Gamma Doradus variables and six higher frequencies that are characteristic of Delta Scuti variables.", "Hence it is classified as a hybrid pulsator.The spectrum of HD 49434 presents as an F-type main-sequence star with stellar classification of F1V.", "It displays a high rotation rate with a projected rotational velocity of 86 km/s.", "The star has 1.55 times the mass of the Sun and 1.60 times the Sun's radius.", "It is radiating 7 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 7,632 K." ], [ "References" ], [ "Further reading", "* * * * * *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Second Film" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Film''' is an award presented annually at the Maharashtra State Film Awards of India to the best film in Marathi cinema.", "The awards are managed directly by the Maharashtra Government under the Department of Cultural Affairs of the Government of Maharashtra." ], [ "Winners", " Year Film Director '''Ref.", "'''1962''Suvaasini''Raja Paranjape1963''Ha Maaza Marg Ekala''1964''Pahu Re Kiti Vaat''Raja Thakur1965''Sawaal Majha Aika!", "''Anant Mane1966''Kela Ishaara Jaata Jaata''1967''Kaka Mala Vachva''Raja Paranjape1968''Aamhi Jato Amuchya Gava''Kamlakar Torne 1969''Mukkam Post Dhebewadi''Madhukar Pathak 1970''Warnecha Wagh''Vasant Painter 1971''Shantata!", "Court Chalu Aahe''Satyadev Dubey1972''Bholibhadi''Rajdutt 1973 '''No Award Ceremony''' 1974''Kartiki''Datta Mane 1975''Samna''Jabbar Patel1976''Tumcha Amcha Jamla''Dada Kondke1977''Bala Gau Kashi Angai''Kamlakar Torne 1978 ''Bhairu Pehelwan Ki Jai'' 1979''Ashtavinayak'' Rajdutt 1980''Sinhasan''Jabbar Patel1981''Gondhalat Gondhal''V.K.", "Naik 1982 ''Ek Daav Bhutacha'' Ravi Namade1983''Gupchup Gupchup'' V.K.", "Naik 1984''Mumbaicha Faujdar''Rajdutt1985''Deva Shappath Khara Sangen'' Bhaskar Jadhav 1986''Tuzya Vachun Karmena''Damu Kenkre1987''Gammat Jammat''Sachin1988''Nashibwan'' N.S Vaidya1989''Aatmavishwas'' Sachin1990 ''Eka Peksha Ek''1991''Vedh''Pradip Berlekar1992''Aapli Mansa''Sanjay Surkar1993''Savat Mazi Ladki''Smita Talwalkar1994''Varsa Laxmicha''Madhukar Pathak 1995''Bangarwadi''Amol Palekar1996''Putravati''Bhaskar Jadhav1997''Sarkarnama''Shrabani Deodhar1998''Ratra Aarambh'' Ajay Phansekar1999''Bindhaast'' Chandrakant Kulkarni2000''Astitva''Mahesh Manjrekar2001''Ek Hoti Vadi'' Ajay Phansekar 2002''Vastupurush''Sumitra Bhave–Sunil Sukthankar2003''Not Only Mrs. Raut''Gajendra Ahire2004''Savarkhed Ek Gaon''Rajiv Patil2005''Kaydyacha Bola''Chandrakant Kulkarni2006''Restaurant'' Sachin Kundalkar2007''Aevdhese Aabhal'' Bipin Nadkarni 2008''Jogwa'' Rajiv Patil2009''Jhing Chik Jhing''Nitin Nandan 2010''Dhoosar'' Amol Palekar2011''Deool'' Umesh Vinayak Kulkarni''Balgandharva''Ravi Jadhav2012''Tukaram'' Chandrakant Kulkarni2013''Pitruroon'' Nitish Bharadwaj2014''Elizabeth Ekadashi'' Paresh Mokashi2015''Double Seat'' Sameer Vidwans2016''Dashakriya'' Sandeep Patil2017''Muramba''Varun Narvekar2018''Bandishala'' Milind Lele" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Killebrew Root Beer" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Killebrew Root Beer''' is a root beer beverage produced with the endorsement of former Minnesota Twins baseball player Harmon Killebrew and sold by RJM Distributing.", "The product is sold in 12 fl-oz glass bottles and tall 16 fl-oz cans covered in flat retro branding featuring a baseball diamond, a reproduction of Killebrew's signature, his retired number 3, a vertical stripe pattern reminiscent of Twins uniforms during his time playing, \"Old-Fashioned\" branding, and the slogan, '''\"With the Hall of Fame Taste\"''', alluding to Killebrew's 1984 induction into the National Baseball Hall of Fame.", "The company also sells a cream soda under similar branding.", "Killebrew Root Beer is advertised as being sweetened with Minnesota honey.", "The beverages are sold at concessions stands and by roving vendors in the Twins' Target Field, at Hammond Stadium, the Twins' spring training home in Fort Myers, Florida, and at CHS Field, the home of the St. Paul Saints.", "At Target Field, Killebrew Root Beer is also used in root beer floats at Townball Tavern.", "In addition, it is sold in several restaurants, grocers, department stores, and convenience stores in Minnesota and the wider Midwest, notably Target, Hy-Vee, Lunds & Byerly's, and Cub Foods." ], [ "History", "Killebrew has been in production since at least 1996 by Cold Spring Brewing Company in Cold Spring, Minnesota.", "In 2003, a website was launched for Killebrew Beverages, a company based in Burnsville, Minnesota that offered three flavors: 'Rootbeer' sic, 'Honey Cream', and 'Honey Lemon'.", "According to the 2003 site, the idea of launching a root beer brand can be traced back to 1984, when Harmon Killebrew supposedly received a \"commemorative soda can\" for being entered into the Baseball Hall of Fame.", "His son, Ken Killebrew, then \"heard him joke, 'We ought to put a brew in this and sell it!'\".", "The old website also claims that Ken started producing the beverage in 1993 based on \"an old family recipe for root beer\".Later, Killebrew Root Beer was absorbed into RJM Distributing, based in Ramsey, Minnesota.", "Cold Spring Brewing Company was sold to a private equity firm in 2017 called Brynwood Partners.", "The branding relationship with RJM is handled by Ken Killebrew, especially now after his father's death in 2011.In 2015, RJM Distributing ran a contest campaign to cross-promote the creation of a Harmon Killebrew US postage stamp by offering a free year of root beer." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Official website* RJM Distributing* Official Facebook" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Asia Television Network" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''Asian Television Network''' ('''ATN''') was the first independent television channel in India.", "ATN broadcast by satellite and was owned by businessman Siddharta Srivastava." ], [ "History", "Siddharta Srivastava had a prior experience with cable networks as far back as 1982.ATN was founded in November 1991 using the Russian Gorizont Statsionar-41 satellite to broadcast its signals.", "Alliances with film producers enabled the channel to build its back catalog of over 2,000 Hindi feature films and 10,000 Hindi film songs, as well as hundreds of films in other regional languages.", "Broadcasts started in August 1992, weeks ahead of Subhash Chandra's Zee TV.", "The launch and development of the channel were hampered by problems from cable operators, who had to install a second satellite dish to receive its programming, which aired only a few hours at night.", "The launch of Zee TV saw its potential to be wasted, but it had quickly gained a foothold of eight million viewers, over two channels on the Russian satellite, by January 1994.In 1993, ATN started housing the Tamil-language satellite network Sun TV after receiving a rejection from Zee TV for an afternoon slot.In early 1994, ATN was structured thusly:'''ATN One''': news items provided by Reuters, entertainment provided by the American ABC network and the Thames production company'''ATN Gold''': Hindi-language movies and general entertainmentATN also planned to air Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam services over two further channels.ATN's existence was very unstable, and in 1995, its channels were taken off the air, resuming its broadcasts in mid-1996.This time, the channel had moved to PanAmSat's PAS-4 satellite, enabling a wider audience reach of 77% of India's population, compared to Zee TV's 85% and Star TV's 82%.", "The migration from Gorizont to PAS-4 was rooted in non-payment dues to the Russian company, estimated to have been of nearly US$1 million as of April 1996.At the time of resumption (July 1996), Srivastava promised a new version of the channel.Still in 1995, ATN received a warning from Mumbai cable movie tycoon Dharubai Shah, under the grounds that it infringed cable rights, as ATN promised 21 movies free-to-air.", "The scandal erupted when Shah was also involved in a conflict with the newly launched Zee Cinema.Original programming during the second half of the 1990s included Superhit Hungama, Maine Dekha, Gune Dekha, Movie Magic, Starana, Tarana, Chill-Out Zone, Right On, Andaz Apna Apna, Once More, Sitaron Ke Sang, Mere Geet, Geet Mala, Gunjan, and a half-hour Hindi news bulletin.", "ATN also planned to diversify its businesses, by entering the audio cassette and film production business; the latter had involvement from two leading US studios." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Alvania lactanea" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Alvania lactanea''''' is an extinct species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae." ], [ "Distribution", "Fossils of this species were in Middle Miocene strata near Pontlevoy, France" ], [ "References", "* Glibert, M. (1949).", "Gastropodes du Miocène moyen du Bassin de la Loire.", "Première partie.", "Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgiques, Mémoires.", "ser.", "2, 30: 1–240." ], [ "External links", "* Glibert, M. (1962).", "Les Mesogastropoda fossiles du Cénozoïque étranger des collections de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique.", "Première partie.", "Cyclophoridae à Stiliferidae (inclus).", "Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgiques, Mémoires.", "Deuxième série.", "69: 1-305" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2024 Japanese Super Cup" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 Japanese Super Cup''' (known as Fujifilm Super Cup 2024 for sponsorship reasons) was the 31st Japanese Super Cup since its reestablishment, and the 39th overall.", "It was held on 17 February 2024 between the 2023 J1 League champions Vissel Kobe and the 2023 Emperor's Cup winners Kawasaki Frontale at the Japan National Stadium, Shinjuku, Tokyo.Kawasaki Frontale defeated Vissel Kobe 1-0 to win their third Japanese Super Cup." ], [ "Details", " GK'''1''' Daiya MaekawaRB'''24''' Gōtoku SakaiCB'''4''' Tetsushi YamakawaCB'''3''' Matheus ThulerLB'''19''' Ryo Hatsuse DM'''6''' Takahiro Ohgihara CM'''96''' Hotaru Yamaguchi (c)CM'''18''' Haruya Ide RF'''22''' Daiju SasakiCF'''10''' Yuya OsakoLF'''26''' Jean Patric '''Substitutes:'''GK'''21''' Shota AraiDF'''23''' Rikuto Hirose DF'''55''' Takuya IwanamiDF'''81''' Ryuho KikuchiMF'''2''' Nanasei Iino MF'''7''' Yosuke Ideguchi FW'''9''' Taisei Miyashiro '''Manager:''' Takayuki Yoshida GK '''99''' Naoto KamifukumotoRB '''31''' Sai van Wermeskerken CB '''2''' Kota TakaiCB '''35''' Yuichi MaruyamaLB '''15''' Shuto Tanabe DM '''6''' Zé RicardoCM '''16''' Tatsuki Seko (c) CM '''26''' Hinata Yamauchi RF '''20''' Shin YamadaCF '''18''' Bafétimbi Gomis LF '''28''' Patrick Verhon '''Substitutes:'''GK '''21''' Shunsuke AndoDF '''4''' Sota Miura MF '''8''' Kento Tachibanada MF '''25''' Renji MatsuiMF '''30''' Yusuke Segawa MF '''77''' Yuki Yamamoto FW '''23''' Marcinho '''Manager:''' Toru Oniki'''Assistant referees:'''Jun MiharaTomoyuki Umeda'''Fourth official:'''Hayato Shimizu'''Video assistant referee:'''Yudai Yamamoto'''Assistant video assistant referee:'''Makoto Hibino'''Match rules'''* 90 minutes.", "* Penalty shoot-out if scores still level.", "* Seven named substitutes.", "* Maximum of five substitutions, and a maximum of two additional concussion substitutions." ], [ "See also", "* 2024 J1 League* 2024 Emperor's Cup" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Official website" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Anis Lassoued" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Anis Lassoued''' (born 1972 in Nabeul, Tunisia) is a Tunisian film director, screenwriter and film producer.", "Many of his films feature young actors." ], [ "Biography", "Lassoued completed his studies in film direction at the Institut Maghrébin de Cinéma (Maghreb Institute of Cinema, IMC, Tunis) and continued his studies in cinematography at the University of Rome Tor Vergata.", "Then he did internships at La Fémis, the film and television school of the Paris Sciences et Lettres University, and at GSARA (Groupe socialiste d'action et de réflexion sur l'audiovisuel) in Liège, Belgium.With the Tunisian actress, screenwriter and film producer Chema Ben Chaabane he founded the film production company Lumières Films in 2013." ], [ "Filmography", "Lassoued's films include: Year Film Genre Role Duration (min) 2002 ''Les Poupées de sucre de Nabeul'' Fiction short Director 34 m 2005 ''Saba Flouss'' / ''The Magic Drop'' / ''Magic Harvest'' Drama fiction short Director and screenwriter 18 m 2009 ''Un été à Sidi Bouzekri'' Documentary portrait Director and co-screenwriter with Chema Ben Chaabane 45 m 2012 ''Sabbat El-Aïd'' / ''Souliers de l'Aïd (Les)'' / ''My Shoes'' Drama fiction short Director and co-screenwriter 30 m 2012 ''L'Opposant'' / ''The opponent'' Political documentary portrait Director 78 m 2018 ''Majnoun Al-Bahr'' / ''Le Fou de la Mer'' / ''Mad for the sea'' by Wassim Korbi Documentary short on the painter Raouf Gara Supervising producer 27 m 2022 ''Une seconde vie (Gadeha)'' / ''Gadeha: A Second Life'' Drama fiction feature Director and co-screenwriter with Chema Ben Chaabane 93 m" ], [ "Awards", "Lassoued's films obtained two prizes and two nominations, such as: Film Festival Award ''Saba Flouss'' / ''The Magic Drop'' Dubai International Film Festival 2006 Winner Muhr Award ''Gadeha: A Second Life'' SCHLINGEL International Film Festival for children and young audience 2022 Winner SLM Top Award, Best International Feature Film" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "===Videos===* .", "Video duration 1m 33 s. Uploader Eastern Breeze Inc.", "2014.", "* .", "Video duration 1m 10s.", "Uploader Lumières Films, 2016.", "* .", "Video duration 1m 30s.", "Uploader Lumières Films, 2016.", "* Video duration 2m 19s.", "Uploader HAKKA Distribution, 2022." ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Leckhampton with Warden Hill" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Leckhampton with Warden Hill''', formerly just '''Leckhampton''' is a civil parish in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England.", "It comprises the village of Leckhampton and the area of Warden Hill.", "It has a parish council.", "The population of the civil parish of Leckhampton taken at the 2011 census was 4,409, and its area at that time was .", "The parish was expanded under the ''Cheltenham Borough Council (Reorganisation of Community Governance) (Leckhampton with Warden Hill Parish) Order 2018'', to include an area to the north of its earlier boundaries.", "On 1 January 2019 the expanded parish was renamed from \"Leckhampton\" to \"Leckhampton with Warden Hill\"." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Leonne Theodore-John" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Leonne Theodore-John''' is a Saint Lucian politician, who was President of the Senate of Saint Lucia from April 2010 to December 2011.She was also Speaker of the House of Assembly from 12 June 2016 to 1 March 2018, when she resigned the position.", "During her time as speaker she supported diplomatic relations between Taiwan and Saint Lucia.", "She has also undertaken the role of Commissioner on the Constituencies Boundaries Commission of Saint Lucia.", "From 2018 to February 2022 she held the office of Deputy High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.Educated at the University of Wolverhampton, from where she was awarded a BA in law, and the University of Northumbria, where she was awarded a PGDip in Law, she was admitted to the Bar in 2005.First to the Bar of England and Wales in July, then subsequently to the Bar of the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court in September of the same year." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Frédéric Valletoux" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Frédéric Valletoux''' (; born 23 August 1966) is a French journalist and politician of the Horizons party who has been serving as minister delegate in charge of Health and Prevention in the government of Prime Minister Gabriel Attal since February 2024." ], [ "Political career", "Valletoux served as Mayor of Fontainebleau from 2005 to 2022 and as regional councilor of Île-de-France since March 2010, he also chaired the Hospital Federation of France from 2011 to 2022.Valletoux has been a member of the National Assembly since 2022.In parliament, he served on the Committee on Social Affairs.", "In addition to his committee assignments, Becht was a member of the French delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe 2022 to 2023.In 2024, Valletoux was appointed Minister Delegate in charge of Health and Prevention in the Attal government." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Altarpiece in the Chapel of the Immaculate Conception" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''altarpiece in the Chapel of the Immaculate Conception''' in the Church of San Francesco Grande (, destroyed 1806), Milan, was an altarpiece built between 1480 and 1482, decorated between 1483 and 1508, and dismantled in the early 19th century.Dedicated to the Immaculate Conception, it was displayed throughout its life in the chapel of the Church of San Francesco GrandeBuilt by woodcarver , it is most famous for featuring Leonardo da Vinci's painting the Virgin of the Rocks, now in London's National Gallery.", "It also includes two side panels, the Angel musicians, painted by and Giovanni Ambrogio de Predis.", "The gilding and painting of its structure and sculpted parts were entrusted to the latter's brother, Evangelista.Although Leonardo's painting is famous, its appearance is still the subject of debate among art historians, especially as it may have undergone changes over the centuries as it was moved around the church, restored and pieces removed or sold." ], [ "Subject", "The theme of the altarpiece is the Immaculate Conception.Official Catholic dogma states that Mary, receiving in anticipation the fruits of the resurrection of her son Jesus, was conceived free of original sin: she was not corrupted by the initial fault that has since given every human being a tendency to commit evil.", "At the time of the altarpiece's creation, this dogma was still recent and controversial: it had only been accepted by the Catholic Church since 1470, and was so hotly debated that the Papacy did not officially proclaim it until 1854." ], [ "History of the", "=== Sponsorship ===The Virgin of the Rocks by Leonardo da Vinci at the National Gallery, LondonThe work's patron is clearly identified: the Immaculate Conception Brotherhood, a lay confraternity in Milan, attached to the church of San Francesco Maggiore ().The brotherhood is richly endowed, since its members belong to the local aristocracy.", "As its name suggests, the church was founded Francis of Assisi, in 1210, a member of the Franciscans.", "A few years before the altarpiece was created, a chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary and in particular to the Immaculate Conception was erected within it.", "It was built on a plot of land close to the atrium, against the chapel of St. John the Evangelist, on the way to Via Santa Valeria and Via San Ambrogio.", "The altarpiece was obviously installed at the very end of this construction, after the frescos decorating the vault had been created.", "Finally, it was designed according to the project drawn up by Prior Giacomo and three other scholars of the brotherhood.", "The arbitrator chosen to judge its quality was Giovanni Antonio Amadeo.=== Allocations ===Art historians are unanimous in attributing the various parts of the altarpiece to the artists involved in its creation.The structure is the work of woodcarver Giacomo del Maino (before 1469 - 1503 or 1505).", "He owned a woodcarving workshop, and is known to have carved elements in the choir of the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio as early as 1469, in collaboration with Lorenzo da Origgio and Giacomo da Torre.", "Between 1491 and 1505, in the church of San Maurizio del Ponte, he created another altarpiece dedicated to the same dogma, albeit on a smaller scale.Evangelis de Predis was responsible for the gilding and painting of the sculpted and bas-relief parts of the structure.", "The central panel is the London version of the Virgin of the Rocks, created jointly by Giovanni Ambrogio de Predis, Leonardo da Vinci and certainly his workshop.As for the panels of the Angel musicians, they were created between 1495 and 1499 by Giovanni Ambrogio de Predis and Francesco Napoletano, almost certainly under the supervision of Leonardo da Vinci.=== Chronology of the altarpiece's creation ===Giacomo del Maino, Entombment, between 1450 and 1475, at Castello Sforzesco, MilanThe Altarpiece of the Immaculate Conception was built on the basis of two successive commissions: the assembly of a wooden structure comprising sculptures and bas-relief; and the painting and gilding of the latter, as well as the creation of painted panels to be placed side by side to form a polyptych.On April 8, 1480, the wooden structure was commissioned from the sculptor Giacomo del Maino.", "The contractual delivery date was September 29, 1480, on the occasion of Michaelmas Day.", "On July 28, 1482, the brotherhood received a necklace from a certain Innocenzo Della Croce, intended to \"adorn the neck of the Virgin in progress\".", "On August 7, 1482, the Brotherhood signed a receipt for the altarpiece structure, which scholars describe as \"monumental\".", "On November 22 of the same year, the statue of the Virgin was delivered, which del Maino seems to have completed as early as July, and for which he asked for no payment.On April 25, 1483, a notarized contract was signed between the Brotherhood and Leonardo da Vinci and the Predis brothers for the gilding and painting of the sculpted parts of the altarpiece, as well as three painted panels - the central panel, later known as the Virgin of the Rocks, and the two side panels of the Angels musicians.", "The contractual delivery date for the three panels stipulates \"December 8\", with no further details.", "Researchers generally agree on the year 1483.However, art historian Frank Zöllner pushes this date back to December 1484.In fact, the painting of La Vierge aux rochers would have been completely finished in early 1485, or even in 1486.However, after the painting was rejected by the brotherhood, Leonardo da Vinci and Ambrogio de Predis sold it to a third party - perhaps Ludovico Sforza (Ludovico el Moro) - around 1493, with the commissioner's agreement.", "This is the painting now in the Louvre.A possible early version of Les Anges musiciens, now lost, may have suffered a similar fate.", "Between 1490 and 1499, and again between 1506 and 1508, the London version of La Vierge aux rochers was produced jointly by Giovanni Ambrogio de Predis, Leonardo da Vinci and probably his workshop while the panels of the Angels musicians were produced between 1495 and 1499 by Giovanni Ambrogio de Predis and Francesco Napoletano.", "On April 4, 1506, arbitrators declared that the panel of the Virgin of the Rocks had not been completed, and it was not until October 23, 1508 that the Confraternity of the Immaculate Conception signed a receipt for it.", "The altarpiece of the Immaculate Conception was therefore completed at this date.However, between 1576 and 1579, the altarpiece may have been rearranged after its relocation within the church: from a position in the upper register, the two panels of the Angel musicians may have been moved to frame the panel of the Virgin of the Rocks.Angel muscian in green playing the vielle, between 1495 and 1500, National Gallery, LondonAngel muscian in red by Giovanni Ambrogio de Predis, playing the lute, between 1495 and 1500, National Gallery, London=== Financial aspects ===Portrait of Ludovico Sforza, also called Ludovico il Moro (the Moor) in the , 1494–1495 (Pinacoteca di Brera in Milan)This fraternity of aristocrats may be wealthy, but they are no less stingy with their means.The total amount promised to the sculptor Giacomo del Maino was 710 lire.", "By August 7, 1482, del Maino, who had already received 490 lire, was struggling to receive the remainder.", "The situation necessitated the intervention of arbitrators from the Franciscan monastery: del Maino finally obtained his due, but with the obligation to place a votive object, today undetermined, in front of the image of the Virgin.The contract between the Confraternity and the painters (Leonardo da Vinci and the Predis brothers) specifies the latter's remuneration.", "The sum allocated to them totaled 800 lire, covering not only their salaries but also the purchase of materials and, in particular, gold at a fixed price.", "A deposit of 100 lire was paid immediately, followed by monthly payments of 40 lire until the end of December 1484.Finally, a promise was made to pay an additional sum on completion of the work, to be decided by the friar Agostino Ferrari, who acted as expert on the occasion: it was this sum that formed the basis of a conflict destined to last twenty-five years between the commissioning parties and the artists.", "The artists argued that the 800 lire would barely cover the cost of the altarpiece, and asked for an additional 400 lire, in opposition to the 100 lire proposed by the confraternity.", "In the end, the artists rejected the mediation of the commissioned \"common friend\" on the grounds that he had no understanding of art - or, as they put it in a letter to Ludovico Sforza, also called Ludovico il Moro (the Moor), \"a blind man cannot judge colors\" and was therefore unable to assess the value of the works in question.", "However, this mediation is contractual, and the mediator has the power to settle any problems relating to the interpretation or performance of the contract, as well as to order the party he deems to be in default to pay penalties to the other party.In the end, it was certainly the personal intervention of Ludovico Sforza, through the intermediary of certain jurists who were members of his council of justice, that resolved the dispute: he bought back the first version of the work, although we don't really know whether his action went beyond that." ], [ "Possible appearance of the altarpiece", "=== The order of April 25, 1483 ===The 1483 contract by which the brotherhood hired Vinci and the Predis brothers for the painted panels is interesting in that it describes the structure already built.", "\"List of ornaments for the altarpiece of the Immaculate Conception of the Glorious Virgin Mary in the Church of San Francesco Grande, Milan:* Firstly, we want the entire altarpiece, i.e., with the exception of the heads, the sculpted fields containing the figures, to be entirely gilded with fine gold at the price of 3 lire and 10 soldi per cent.", "* Idem the vestment of Our Lady in the central panel with gold brocade and ultramarine blue* Idem the dress of Our Lady in red lacquer and oil.", "* Idem the lining of the vestment in gold brocade and green oil.", "* Idem the seraphim in vermilion red and scratched paint.", "* Idem God the Father with a gold brocade and ultramarine outer garment.", "* Idem the mountains and stones, worked in oil and in different colors.", "* Idem, on the side panels, four angels of different aspects, singing on one panel, playing an instrument on the other.", "* Idem, in all parts where Our Lady appears, whether decorated as in the central panel, and the other figures in the , adorned in different colors, in the Greek or modern manner.", "All shall be of as perfect workmanship as the buildings, mountains, plains, surfaces of all parts, and all things painted in oil; and defective wood carvings shall be repaired.", "* Idem the sibyls and background, which will be made in the form of a niche, and the figures with different garments, all in oil.", "* Idem the cornices, pilasters, capitals and all sculptures, which will be gilded as mentioned above, without mixing any color.", "* Idem the surface of the central panel, where Our Lady will be painted in oil on the flat surface, in full perfection, in fine colors, with her son and the angels and with the two prophets, as mentioned above.", "* Idem the plinth, which will be painted like the other interior parts.", "* Idem the faces, hands and legs, which will be nude and colored to perfection in oil.", "* Idem for the place where the Child is seated, which place will be worked with gold in the form of cruciferous\".=== 1503-1576: the Hannelore Glasser hypothesis ===In the 2000s, based on Hannelore Glasser's doctoral thesis, art historians Rachel Billinge, Luke Syson and Marika Spring put forward a hypothesis that is far from unanimous among scholars: initially and until 1576, the two panels of the Angel musicians would have been above Leonardo da Vinci's, i.e.", "in the upper register, with the Virgin of the Rocks occupying the central register.", "This is based on the fact that the list in the commission contract for the painted panels describes the altarpiece from top to bottom: the two paintings of the Angel musicians are mentioned before what appears to be the votive statue of the Virgin and before the Leonardo da Vinci painting.", "This initial arrangement would explain the disharmony of the initial colors.", "of the Angel musicians' backgrounds and, according to Luke Syson, their \" poor quality \".=== 1579-late 18th century: appearance as traditionally described ===Design of the altarpiece based on hypotheses by Carlo Pedretti, Malaguzzi-Valeri, Frank Zöllner and Gerolamo Biscaro, according to the commission contract.In 1576, when the chapel of the Immaculate Conception was destroyed, the altarpiece was moved to another chapel in the church, where it would be installed for a longer period of time, taking on the name of the \"Immaculate Conception\".", "On this occasion, it may be restructured to adopt the form that art historians have since described.", "Nevertheless, this need for restructuring remains largely conjectural, since the hypothesis of a different structural scheme for the altarpiece prior to 1576 remains very much in the minority among researchers.", "What's more, the list of requests made in the contract does indeed use the term \"laterals\": \"Idem, on the side panels, four angels of different aspects, etc.\".", "In any case, a testimony from 1671 describes the altarpiece with the panel of La Vierge aux rochers framed by the panels of the Angel musicians: the panel on the left is the Angel musician in green playing the vielle, and the panel on the right is the Angel musician in red playing the lute.The commission contract dated April 25, 1483 is an excellent means of obtaining a somewhat accurate picture of the now lost altarpiece.", "Overall, it consisted of bas-reliefs, sculptures, including the statue of the Virgin Mary, and painted panels.", "Contrary to what the modern viewer might imagine, influenced by the fame of the painting Virgin of the Rocks and its creator Leonardo da Vinci, it is indeed the votive statue of the Virgin created by del Maino that constitutes for the contemporary viewer the point around which the altarpiece is built.==== The cymatium ====The content of the cymatium - the highest part of the altarpiece - is, thanks to a reading of the contract, unanimously recognized: it features a sculpture of God the Father surrounded by angels and seraphim.Surprisingly, the contract goes on to mention \"mountains and rocks\", without researchers knowing exactly where to situate them.==== The upper register ====The altarpiece features a statue of the Virgin Mary created by del Maino, wearing a garment painted to imitate \"gold and ultramarine brocade\".", "Researchers disagree, however, as to its place on the piece: either in the upper register, i.e.", "above the panel of the Virgin of the Rocks, for some, or hidden by the latter, i.e.", "in the lower register, for others.", "Also visible is a necklace offered by a donor, made up of fourteen solid fine gold flowers adorned with as many pearls and, between each flower, a letter, the whole of which most probably makes up the name \"''Maria Immacolata''\".", "Its location is also uncertain: around the statue's neck, or directly on the painting.", "In the 1990s, scientific imaging enabled Pietro C. Marani to detect a clue in Leonardo da Vinci's painting corroborating the latter hypothesis: two holes on either side of the Virgin's neck, filled in with plaster and repainted.==== The lower register: the Virgin of the Rocks and the musician angels ====The altarpiece features a central panel painted by Leonardo da Vinci entitled the Virgin of the Rocks.", "This is the second version of the painting, preserved in London, and the only one actually displayed in the altarpiece.", "Many art historians speculate that this painting was in fact a removable panel designed to conceal the votive statue of the Virgin sculpted by del Maino and intended to be unveiled every December 8, the feast of the Immaculate Conception.", "According to Costantino D'Orazio, this possible mechanism denotes \"a futuristic work, like the mobile altarpieces that were particularly fashionable in the 17th century\".", "However, Pietro C. Marani points out that the panel of La Vierge aux rochers conserved in London shows no trace of a hinge or hanging system that could confirm this hypothesis.Two panels were intended to accompany it, the Angel musicians, for which Giovanni Ambrogio de Predis.", "was contractually responsible.", "From then on, the three panels were hung together to form a polyptych.", "The vast majority of scholars agree that these two paintings frame the Virgin of the Rocks as early as the altarpiece's creation.", "In the two triangular sections above the arch of Leonardo's painting appear images of sibyls, prophetesses, symbols of the expectation of gentiles who had glimpsed Christ.==== Lateral pilasters ====Gerolamo Biscaro is the only researcher to mention them, pointing out the presence of lateral pilasters depicting sculpted scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary.==== The predella ====The predella - the lowest part of the altarpiece - is made up of sculpted, painted and gilded panels depicting scenes in relief from the life of the Virgin Mary.", "One of these could have depicted Jesus in a crib." ], [ "Location in the church of Saint-François-Majeur", "Saint-François-Majeur Church: the altarpiece, originally located in the chapel=== At the time of reception ===From 1503 onward, the altarpiece can be considered almost complete: only the painting of the Virgin of the Rocks remains unfinished, until 1508, when the brotherhood can sign the certificate of receipt marking the completion of the whole.", "The altarpiece stands in the Chapel of the Immaculate Conception, near the atrium.=== Movements inside the church and modifications ===The chapel of the Immaculate Conception was destroyed in 1576, and in 1579 the altarpiece was moved to the chapel of Saint-Jean-Baptiste, not far from the choir.", "This chapel was then renamed the \"Chapel of the Immaculate Conception\".On this occasion, the altarpiece was dismantled and restructured, as evidenced by the saw marks on the two panels of the Angel musicians, indicating that their dimensions had been altered.", "Similarly, the background colors underwent profound changes: the Angel musician in green, playing the vielle, featured a background dominated by green and a landscape of green and blue, while the Angel musician in red, playing the lute, featured a reddish niche, certainly imitating stone.", "However, the backgrounds were repainted in gray, probably with the aim of standardizing the colors.In 1671, a witness describes the altarpiece with the panel of La Vierge aux rochers framed by those of the Angels musicians.", "This description is confirmed by another account dating from 1716: \"On the sides, it has two isolated chapels dedicated to the Conception of the Blessed Virgin devoid of any original fault, here we see a painted picture by Leonardo da Vinci with two lateral angels\".In 1781, an inventory of the furnishings in the chapel of the Immaculate Conception was drawn up, providing a brief description of the altarpiece.", "As the altarpiece shows significant differences in color and form from the contract specifications, it is possible to assume that restoration work had been carried out in previous centuries: the flesh tones of the faces and exposed parts of the bodies were replaced by a uniform bronze color; the size of the altarpiece was reduced, certainly by removing decomposed parts of the wood, notably by eliminating its upper half.=== A dismantled altarpiece ===In 1781, the three paintings making up the altarpiece of the Immaculate Conception were separated: the Virgin of the Rocks was sold to an English collector.", "An account dating from 1798 indicates that the Angel musicians, still in their place in the altarpiece, frame the void left by Leonardo da Vinci's painting.", "As for the panels of the musician angels, they were sequestered in the \"''Fonds de la religion de la République Cisalpine'' () after the creation of the Cisalpine Republic by General Bonaparte and they were then sold in 1802 to an Italian art collector, Giacomo Melzi.", "Finally, in 1806, the Church of St. Francis Maggiore (basilica vetus), deemed dilapidated and dangerous, was demolished, and since then, the structure of the altarpiece and the statue of the Madonna sculpted by del Maino have been considered lost." ], [ "Analysis", "Marco Palmezzano, ''Immaculate Conception with God the Father and Saints Anselm, Augustine, and Stephen'' and, on the picture rail, ''The Resurrection'', 1509, Forlì, Abbey of Saint Mercuriale by Giorgio Vasari, 1543, Museum of Medieval and Modern Art, Arezzo=== Colors and setting ===The altarpiece, painted and gilded by Evangelis de Predis, is polychrome.Nevertheless, two colors dominate the whole:Marian blue, and gold.", "It therefore appears that Leonardo da Vinci took this into account when he created the National Gallery's version of the Virgin of the Rocks, which is also dominated by blue.", "What's more, he proceeded by contrasting light and shade: whereas the Louvre version featured warm skin tones against a cool background, the London version features cool skin tones against a warm background, giving the colors \"the edge of moonlight\".The altarpiece's environment also needs to be taken into account: it is exhibited in a chapel, which can be imagined as quite dark, lit by candles, and which can be seen as an extension of the cavernous decor offered by the work's sculpted parts and Leonardo da Vinci's panel.=== The theme of the Immaculate Conception ===The Immaculate Conception is a relatively late dogma in the Catholic Church, developed in particular in the writings of Duns Scotus (John Duns Scotus, c. 1266 - 1308), a Scottish theologian and Franciscan friar.", "This dogma was opposed to the Dominican view that Mary was purified only in the womb of her mother Anne, after conception, and that the Franciscans' idea was heretical.", "At the time of the altarpiece's creation, there was little or no artistic representation of the doctrine and, in any case, it was not yet the subject of established and stable artistic conventions: it is therefore possible to consider the altarpiece a precursory work in the field.", "In fact, it could be the result of a composite assemblage of theological writings, representations of other dogmas linked to the Virgin (the Annunciation or the Assumption of Mary, for example) and Christian symbols that were fixed or in the process of being established.", "Thus, the figures of sibyls and Christian prophets, visible on the void left by the top of the painting's arch, are beginning to establish themselves in contemporary painting specifically dedicated to the Immaculate Conception, notably in Tuscany.This may explain why, in the first version of the Virgin of the Rocks, Leonardo da Vinci took the liberty of drawing inspiration from a Gnostic and Christian mystical work entitled the (preserved in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in Milan), authored by Amadeus of Portugal (born João de Menezes da Silva, c.1420-1482 ) - a Portuguese Catholic religious reformer of the Franciscan order who ministered in Milan - who affirms the primacy of the figures of Mary and John the Baptist in the mystery of the Immaculate Conception.", "Nevertheless, Leonardo's proposal was deemed heterodox by the brotherhood, who rejected it and asked for a second one.Finally, the study of the Virgin of the Rocks as a representation of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception can be problematic.", "Indeed, this idea is not evident in the painting, which is more concerned with the meeting between the Holy Family and John's family during the flight to Egypt, at the time of the massacre of the Innocents: it should be considered that it is indeed the statue of the Virgin created by Giacomo del Maino that bears this idea." ], [ "Notes" ], [ "References", "* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2024 New England Revolution II season" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 New England Revolution II season''' was the fifth season in the soccer team's history, where they competed in the third division of American soccer, MLS Next Pro.", "New England Revolution II, as a child club of New England Revolution of Major League Soccer, were barred from participating in the 2024 U.S. Open Cup.", "New England Revolution II played their home games at Gillette Stadium, located in Foxborough, Massachusetts, United States.On February 8, 2024, the team announced that eight of their 14 home games would be played at Mark A Ouellette Stadium in Hooksett, New Hampshire" ], [ "Club", "=== Roster ===Roster Update: Nov 3, 2023:''As of February 9, 2024.''", "Name 48 DF Jacob Akanyirige 10 MF Esmir Bajraktarevic+ xx FW Andrej Bjelajac 16 MF Joshua Bolma+ 42 MF Brandonn Bueno 39 FW Marcos Dias 19 FW Olger Escobar 89 FW Malcolm Fry + xx GK John David Gunn 98 GK Jacob Jackson+ 17 MF Patrick Leal 13 MF Maciel 76 DF Peyton Miller+ 14 FW Alex Monis 22 MF Jack Panayotou+ 41 DF Colby Quiñones 72 MF Damian Rivera+ xx DF Collin Smith 37 DF Victor Souza 43 DF Tiago Suarez + 60 GK Max Weinstein+ On loan from first team=== Academy Roster === Name 5 FW Gianluca Armellino 30 MF Ezra Widman 56 DF Jack Burkhardt 31 MF Eric Klein 54 MF Cristiano Oliveira 53 MF Jamie Kabuusu 42 MF Alex Parvu 90 GK Ryan Carney=== Coaching staff === Name Position Richie Williams Head coach Marcelo Santos Associate head coach Yuta Nomura Assistant coach (Goalkeepers)" ], [ "Competitions", "=== Preseason ====== MLS NEXT Pro ======= Standings ====;Eastern Conference;Overall table==== Results summary ======== Results by round ======== Match results ======= Playoffs ===" ], [ "Statistics", "=== Top scorers ===* From 2023RankPositionNo.Name1FW 99 Jordan Adebayo-Smith122FW 39 Marcos Dias83MF 72 Damian Rivera63MF 10 Esmir Bajraktarevic65MF 22 Jack Panayotou56FW 89 Malcolm Fry47MF 76 Peyton Miller38DF44 Pierre Cayet28MF 16 Joshua Bolma210MF 32 Jake Rozhansky110MF 33 Brandonn Bueno110MF 40 Ben Awashie110MF 65 Noble Okello110DF37 Victor Souza115 own goal 4Total57" ], [ "See also", "* 2024 New England Revolution season" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Alvania schwartzi" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Alvania schwartzi''''' is an extinct species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae." ], [ "Distribution", "Fossils of this species were in Tortonian strata near Vienna, Austria." ], [ "References", "* Hörnes, M. (1851-1856).", "Die fossilen Mollusken des Tertiär-Beckens von Wien.", "I. Univalven.", "Abhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Geologischen Reichsanstalt.", "3: 1–736, pls 1-52* Kowalke, T.; Harzhauser, M. (2004).", "Early ontogeny and palaeoecology of the Mid-Miocene rissoid gastropods of the Central Paratethys.", "Acta Palaeontologica Polonica.", "49(1): 111–134." ], [ "External links", "* Glibert, M. (1962).", "Les Mesogastropoda fossiles du Cénozoïque étranger des collections de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique.", "Première partie.", "Cyclophoridae à Stiliferidae (inclus).", "Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgiques, Mémoires.", "Deuxième série.", "69: 1-305" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Abu Baqir Al-Saadi" ], [ "Introduction", "Wissam Muhammed Sabir Al-Saadi (1974 - 7 February 2023), more commonly known as '''Abu Baqir Al-Saadi''', was a high ranking commander of Kata'ib Hezbollah who was in charge of the group's operations in Syria.", "He was also reportedly the primary planner behind most of the attacks against US bases in Iraq and Syria and was killed in a targeted US drone strike in the Al-Mashtal neighborhood in eastern Baghdad while in a vehicle with two other militants." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2023–24 Harvard Crimson women's basketball team" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2023–24 Harvard Crimson women's basketball team''' represents Harvard University during the 2023–24 NCAA Division I women's basketball season.", "The Crimson, led by second-year head coach Carrie Moore, play their home games at the Lavietes Pavilion in Cambridge, Massachusetts as members of the Ivy League." ], [ "Previous season", "The Crimson finished the 2022–23 season 20–12, 9–5 in Ivy League play to finish in a tie for third place.", "In the Ivy League tournament, they defeated Columbia in the semifinals, before falling to top-seeded Princeton in the championship game.", "They received an at-large bid into the WNIT, where they would defeat Towson in the first round, UMass in the second round, and Rhode Island in the Super 16, before falling to Ivy League foe Columbia in the Great 8." ], [ "Roster" ], [ "Schedule and results", " Non-conference regular season Ivy League regular seasonIvy League tournamentSources:" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2024 Maryland abortion referendum" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 Maryland abortion referendum''' is a voter referendum to amend the Constitution of Maryland in order to codify the right to reproductive care in Maryland." ], [ "Ballot measure", "The ballot measure read as follows:The choices read as follows:" ], [ "History", "In 1992, Maryland voters approved Question 6, which upheld a state law to codify ''Roe v. Wade'' and guaranteed the right to an abortion, with 62 percent of voters approving the measure and 38 percent opposed.In August 2018, Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates Michael E. Busch endorsed efforts to codify the right to an abortion into the state constitution, citing fears that the U.S. Supreme Court would overturn its ruling in ''Roe v. Wade'' and ''Planned Parenthood v. Casey'', which held that the U.S. Constitution protected a woman's right to have an abortion.", "Republican Governor Larry Hogan, who personally opposes abortion, expressed support for the measure but also questioned if a constitutional amendment to codify abortion protections was necessary.", "During the 2019 legislative session, Busch introduced legislation to create a 2020 referendum on enshrining abortion protects into the state constitution, but he withdrew it early into the session after Senate President Thomas V. Miller Jr. said he was reluctant to move it forward following protests against late-term abortion bills in New York and Virginia.In May 2019, following the election of Adrienne A. Jones as House Speaker and after the Alabama General Assembly passed the Human Life Protection Act, Jones said she would continue Busch's efforts to enshrine abortion protection into the state constitution.", "As the Supreme Court began considering ''Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization'' in 2022, she introduced legislation to create a referendum on codifying abortion rights, which passed the Maryland House of Delegates by a 93–42 vote, but the bill died in the Maryland Senate after Senate President Bill Ferguson declined to put it up for a vote.", "The legislature also passed the Abortion Care Access Act, which provided $3.5 million toward clinical training for reproductive services, which became law after lawmakers overrode Governor Hogan's veto on the bill.In June 2022, after the Supreme Court ruled in ''Dobbs'' and overturned ''Roe'' and ''Casey'', Jones committed to reintroducing the bill during the 2023 legislative session.", "The court's ruling also made relevant the issue of abortion in the 2022 Maryland gubernatorial election, with all Democratic candidates promising to support Jones' measure; Republican candidate Kelly Schulz said that she was personally pro-life, but would not change \"current Maryland law\" toward abortion if elected governor, while her challenger, far-right state delegate Dan Cox, celebrated the ''Dobbs'' decision and vowed to end taxpayer funding for abortions as governor.Governor Wes Moore holds a press conference to endorse bills protecting abortion rights, 2023During the 2023 legislative session, Jones again introduced legislation to enshrine abortion protections into the state constitution, which passed and was signed into law by Governor Wes Moore along with a package of bills to protect patients who come to Maryland seeking abortion rights from out-of-state criminal prosecution." ], [ "Campaign", "The Right to Reproductive Freedom amendment is supported by Freedom in Reproduction — Maryland, which is made up of leaders from organizations including Planned Parenthood Maryland, the Baltimore Abortion Fund, and the Women's Law Center of Maryland.", "It is opposed by Health Not Harm MD, which is chaired by Deborah Brocato, a lobbyist for Maryland Right to Life.===Endorsements===" ], [ "Opinion polls", " Poll source Date(s)administered Samplesize Marginof error For Against Other Undecided OpinionWorksOctober 20–23, 2022982 (LV)± 3.1%'''71%'''19%–11% University of MarylandSeptember 22–27, 2022810 (RV)± 4.0%'''78%'''16%–5%<!--" ], [ "Results", "-->" ], [ "See also", "Abortion in Maryland1992 Maryland Question 6Initiatives and referendums in the United States" ], [ "Notes" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", " Maryland House Bill 705 at Legiscan* Maryland Right to Reproductive Freedom Act (2024) at Ballotpedia" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Brilliant Labs" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Brilliant Labs''' is a Singapore-based technology company that produces open source eyewear featuring artificial intelligence (AI).Brilliant Labs was founded in 2019 in Hong Kong by Bobak Tavangar, a former Apple program lead.", "Tavangar said he saw the potential for integrating the capabilities of artificial intelligence into glasses to give consumers \"visual superpowers.\"", "The goal was to use an open source platform for development that would allow for creators to access the company's code and create new apps for devices.In January 2024, the company introduced its first product, Frame, which were glasses that looked similar to those worn by Apple co-founder Steve Jobs.", "They were designed to be indistinguishable from regular eyeglasses and would be worn by those who wore prescription lenses.", "The glasses were enabled for audio with a voice assistant called Noa and featured an AI search engine called Perplexity.", "They came at a time when other companies introduced similar products, like AI Pin from Humane, R1 from Rabbit, or Vision Pro from Apple, and came after other products, like Google Glass or HoloLens from Microsoft did not gain traction.", "Prior to this, the company offered the Monocle, an augmented reality (AR) lens that attached to traditional glasses, and which also used open source software." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2023 CAA men's soccer tournament" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2023 CAA men's soccer tournament''' was the postseason men's soccer tournament for the Coastal Athletic Association held from November 2 through November 11, 2023.The five-match tournament took place at campus sites, with the higher seed hosting.", "The six-team single-elimination tournament consisted of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play.", "The defending champions were the Hofstra Pride.", "They were able to successfully defend their title, as the top overall seed they defeated the second seed 2–1 in overtime in the Final.", "The conference tournament title was the seventh overall for the Hofstra men's soccer program all of which have come under head coach Richard Nuttall.", "This was the third straight year that Hofstra won the CAA tournament.", "As tournament champions, Hofstra earned the CAA's automatic berth into the 2023 NCAA Division I men's soccer tournament.This was the first tournament under the Coastal Athletic Association and the conference changed its name from the \"Colonial Athletic Association\" identity on July 20, 2023." ], [ "Seeding", "The top six teams in the regular season earned a spot in the 2023 tournament.", "Teams were seeded based on regular season conference record and tiebreakers were used to determine seedings of teams that finished with the same record.", "A tiebreaker was required to determine the first and second seeds in the tournament as both and finished the season with seventeen regular season conference points.", "Hofstra earned the top seed in the tournament by virtue of their 1–0 regular season win on October 7.A tiebreaker was required to determine the fourth and fifth seeds as and both finished the season with thirteen conference points.", "The two teams played to a 3–3 draw during the regular season.", "The second tiebreaker was records against the top seed.", "Delaware defeated Hofstra 2–1 on October 14, while Drexel lost to Hofstra 1–0 on October 21.Therefore, Delaware earned the fourth seed and the right to host the two team's match-up in the First Round.SeedSchoolConference RecordPoints 1 5–1–2 17 2 5–1–2 17 3 4–1–3 15 4 3–2–3 12 5 3–2–3 12 6 3–3–2 11" ], [ "Bracket" ], [ "Schedule", "=== First Round ====== Semifinals ====== Final ===" ], [ "Statistics", "=== Goalscorers ===" ], [ "All-Tournament team", "Source: Player Team Orri Thorhallsson Adam Vik Victor Stromsten Tomasz Wroblewski Ryan Carmichael Eliot Goldthorp '''Pierce Infuso''' Wessel Speel Olle Brorsson Eryk Dymora Ben ZakowskiMVP in '''bold'''" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Abigail Larson" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Abigail Larson''' is an American illustrator.", "She creates mixed media original artwork in the dark fantasy genre, and has illustrated for several major publishing and production companies.", "She won the Hugo Award for Best Professional Artist in 2016." ], [ "Early life and education", "Larson was born and raised in Virginia.", "Her father is an archaeologist and her mother is a cultural anthropologist.", "At one point in her childhood, her mother worked as a seamstress — this inspired one of Larson's first drawings, a self-portrait of her future self in a wedding dress.", "As a child, she dreamed of becoming an opera singer, but suffered from severe stage fright; she also dreamed of joining the circus.", "Larson's family has been supportive of her career as an artist.Larson attended Virginia Commonwealth University, graduating in 2010 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Communication Arts.", "Her concentration was Drawing and Illustration.", "She credits her high school art teacher with being an early supporter of her work and encouraging her to apply to art school." ], [ "Artistry", "=== Style and technique ===Larson is known for her distinctive Gothic style.", "Her work often contains macabre themes and is heavily influenced by horror movies and literature.", "She frequently centers women and femininity in her illustrations.", "She has repeatedly emphasized the importance of storytelling in her process and finished pieces.Although she uses Photoshop to complete her drawings, Larson does her initial sketches, line work, and coloring on paper.", "She completes initial sketches on Canson paper with mechanical pencil, then transfers her final sketch onto watercolor paper.", "She then inks the drawing and does a watercolor wash, which adds depth and texture to the final piece.", "Finally, she scans the drawing and does the final colors in Photoshop.", "Larson has stated that although she has tried digital drawing, drawing on paper \"feels better\" to her, and she likes the way ink on paper looks.Larson often exaggerates perspective and proportions in her work.=== Influences and inspiration ===Larson has cited several artists as influences on her work, including Golden Age illustrators such as Arthur Rackham, and Kay Nielsen.", "She has also named filmmakers Tim Burton, Hayao Miyazaki, and Guillermo del Toro as influences.Larson describes \"fairytales, folklore and ghost stories\" as her \"greatest inspirations\".", "Some of the inspirations that she has discussed include the work of Edgar Allan Poe and H.P.", "Lovecraft; Bram Stoker's ''Dracula'' and Mary Shelley's ''Frankenstein''; novelists Charlotte Brontë and Shirley Jackson; and classic fairy tales such as those by the Brothers Grimm." ], [ "Career", "Between 2010 and 2015, Larson contributed artwork to multiple events at The Poe Museum in Richmond, Virginia.", "At a 2014 Halloween event, her illustrations were used on a wine bottle label for the Vincent Price Signature Wine Collection and the can for a local craft brewery's red ale.", "During this period, she also illustrated posters for Richmond's annual Zombie Walk.Larson is an Official Fluevog Creator, as the advertisement she designed for their \"The Queen of Prussia Ludovika\" shoe won their FleuvogCreative contest in 2014.The advertisement ran in print in Vice and Bust.Larson was the character designer for ''The Huntsman: Winter's Curse'', a video game created in 2016 by Universal Pictures and Desert Owl Games as a companion to the film ''Snow White & the Huntsman''.", "While the game itself received poor reviews, the art was praised by reviewers.", "Larson has contributed artwork to several games by Choice of Games.", "She has also designed a loading screen for Fortnite.Larson did the covers for the mini-series ''Lady Baltimore: The Witch Queens'', written by Mike Mignola and Daniel Golden with artwork by Bridgit Connell.", "Her work on the series was praised by Golden and Connell.", "In 2023, Larsen returned to do the cover art for the one-shot sequel, ''Lady Baltimore: The Dream of Ikelos''.In 2021, Larson worked on the first issue of rock band Evanescence's graphic anthology series ''Echoes from the Void''.", "The series featured stories inspired by the band's music.", "Larson contributed both cover art and interior illustrations.", "The book sold out its first printing, and her cover for issue #1 was later turned into an NFT as part of a project by the band.", "Also in 2021, Larson published ''Crimson'', a 248-page art book containing a selection of her pieces spanning a decade.", "The project was funded through Kickstarter.Larson was a character designer on the Netflix Animation original series ''Blue Eye Samurai''.", "She worked full-time on the series, temporarily pausing private commissions.", "She was particularly involved in designing the show's costumes.She has worked on a variety of other projects, including book cover art, tarot decks, coloring books, sticker books, illustrated re-publications of classic stories, children's literature, and tabletop RPGs.", "A ''Publishers Weekly'' review of the 2014 children's book ''Monster Goose Nursery Rhymes'' by Henry Herz, Josh Herz, and Harrison Herz stated \"Larson’s skillfully drafted images feature rich, mossy colors and angular, eerie beasts that are more charming than truly scary.\"", "''Kirkus Reviews'' described her illustrations in the 2016 children's book ''When You Give an Imp a Penny'' by Henry, Josh, and Harrison Herz as having \"a quality of Disney animation about them, lively and familiar-looking without much verve.\"", "Larson also illustrated the 2022 ''Disney Cautionary Tales'' children's book, and her illustrations were described by ''Kirkus Reviews'' as \"eerie and beautiful, and they also help readers track the threads of the storyline.\"", "Her work as an illustrator of tarot decks began with the Dark Wood Tarot by Sasha Graham, published by Llewellyn.", "Her illustrations for ''The Nightmare Before Christmas Tarot Deck and Guidebook'' by Minerva Siegel were described by Deirdre Coyle of ''Publishers Weekly'' as \"both spooky and sweet, like the source material.\"" ], [ "Honors and awards", "In 2016, Larson won the Hugo Award for Best Professional Artist.", "Also in 2016, she received an honorable mention in the Society of Illustrators of Los Angeles's 55th annual Illustration West competition for her Penny Dreadful #1 variant cover.In 2022, her art book ''Crimson'' was a finalist in the Illustration category." ], [ "Publications and credits", "===Book covers===''Gothic Blue Book IV: The Folklore Edition'' (short story anthology, Burial Day Books, 2014, )''Loteria'' by Cynthia Pelayo (first edition, CreateSpace, 2012, )''Titan Magic: Body and Soul'' by Jodi Lamm (2013, CreateSpace, )''Literary Noir: A Series of Suspense'' Vols.", "1–3 (collection of Cornell Woolrich stories, published by his estate and Renaissance Literary & Talent, 2018) ''VANITY: The True Story Behind The Scarlet Countess Elizabeth Bathory'' by Jurii Kirnev (first edition, Chaos Imperium Press, 2017)''Sam the Spectator Book 1:'' ''The Haunter'' by Kendra Alvey (2018) ''Sam the Spectator Book 2: Ghostapalooza'' by Kendra Alvey (2019) ''Sam the Spectator Book 3: The Ghosts of Summers Past'' by Kendra Alvey (2020) Weird Tales Magazine #363 (2019) ''Gothic Blue Book VI: A Krampus Carol'' (short story anthology, Burial Day Books, 2020) ''Santa Muerte and The Missing'' by Cynthia Pelayo (original cover art for each book, published by Post Mortem Press in 2012 and 2016 respectively; and the cover art for the 2021 combined reprint published by Thunderstorm Books) ''Rear Window and Other Murderous Tales'' (collection of Cornell Woolrich stories, published by his estate and Renaissance Literary & Talent, 2022) ''The Wilderwood Duology'' by Hannah Whitten (Hachette Book Group, 2024) ===Comic book art credits===''Sandman Universe: The Dreaming'' #5, #7, #8 (DC/Vertigo, 2019) ''Teen Titans Go!", "to Camp!''", "#6 (DC, 2020)''Evanescence: Echoes from the Void'' #1 (Incendium/Opus, 2021) ''Deadman Tells the Spooky Tales: \"The Cemetary\"'' (DC, 2022) ''Cradle of Filth: Maledictus Athenaeum'' #3 (Incendium/Opus, 2022) ''CREEPSHOW'' Vol.", "2 #2 (Image Comics, 2023) ===Comic book cover art credits===''Edward Scissorhands'' #9 (IDW, 2015) ''Penny Dreadful'' #1 (2nd print, Titan Comics, 2016) ''Assassin's Creed'' #14 (Variant C, Titan Comics, 2016) ''Assassin's Creed: Templars'' #9 (Titan Comics, 2017)''Penny Dreadful'' #8 (Titan Comics, 2018) ''The Magic Order'' #5 (variant C, Netflix/Image Comics, 2018) ''Lady Baltimore'' #1–5 (Dark Horse, 2021)''A Man Among Ye'' #5 (variant B, Image Comics, 2021) ''Doctor Who: Missy'' #3 (Titan/BBC, 2021) ''Evanescence: Echoes from the Void'' #1 (Incendium/Opus, 2021) ''Buffy the Last Vampire Slayer'' #1 (variant, BOOM!", "Studios, 2022) ''GRIM'' #1 (variant, BOOM!", "Studios, 2022) ===Gallery shows===Creature Features: October Shadows, 2012 Viktor Wynd Fine Art (Last Tuesday Society): The Party Show, 2012 Gallery Nucleus: Power in Numbers 5, 2020 Gallery Nucleus: Playbills: A Broadway Poster Show, February-March 2020 Gallery Nucleus: Phantasy Arcade 2: Insert Coin, December 2021-January 2022 Gallery Nucleus: Disney Dream Destinations 4, December 2022-January 2023 Gallery Nucleus: Let's Do This One More Time: Across the Spider-Verse Exhibition & Panel, August 2023 Gallery Nucleus: The Last Of Us 10-Year Anniversary, September-October 2023 Illustration West 56 ===Illustrated books/interior art===''Sarah Faire and the House at the End of the World'' by Alex Gianni (2013) ''Monster Goose Nursery Rhymes'' by Henry Herz, Josh Herz, Harrison Herz (Pelican Publishing House, 2014, )''The Spirit of Krampus'' by Kate Danley (2014) ''When You Give An Imp A Penny'' by Henry Herz (Pelican Publishing House, 2016, )''Abigail Larson's The Cats of Ulthar'' (illustrated edition of H.P.", "Lovecraft short story of same name, One Peace Books, 2016) ''The Sisters Grimm'' by Menna van Praag (Harper Voyager, 2020, )''Mexican Gothic'' by Silvia Moreno-Garcia (limited edition, Subterranean Press, 2022) ''Disney Cautionary Tales'' by Ridley Pearson (Disney Press, 2022, )===Other media===Dark Wood Tarot (Sasha Graham, Llewellyn Publishing, 2020, )The Nightmare Before Christmas Tarot Deck and Guidebook (Minerva Siegel, Insight Editions, 2020, )Horror Tarot Deck and Guidebook (Aria Gmitter & Minerva Siegel, Insight Editions, 2022, )Court of the Dead: Dark Harvest (card game, Skybound Games/Sideshow Collectibles, 2019)''Alice's Wonderfilled Adventures'' (colouring book, Impact/Penguin, 2016, )''Disney Art of Coloring: A Twisted Tale'' (colouring book, Disney Books, 2023, )Sticker Jigsaw: The Edgar Allan Poe Collection (Odd Dot, Macmillan Publishers, 2024, )" ], [ "Personal life", "Abigail Larson lives in Turin, Italy, with her husband." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Abigail Larson at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Alvania zosta" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Alvania zosta''''' is an extinct species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusk in the family Rissoidae." ], [ "Distribution", "Fossils of this species were in Eocene strata in Paris Basin, France" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Bayan F. (1873).", "Études faites dans la collection de l'École des Mines sur des fossiles nouveaux ou mal connus.", "2e Fascicule.", "Notes sur quelques fossiles tertiaires.", "Paris: Savy, pp.", "82–164, pl.", "11-20.", "* Glibert, M. (1962).", "Les Mesogastropoda fossiles du Cénozoïque étranger des collections de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique.", "Première partie.", "Cyclophoridae à Stiliferidae (inclus).", "Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgiques, Mémoires.", "Deuxième série.", "69: 1-305" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Tobi Makinde" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Tobi Makinde''' (born 16 May, 1991) is Nigerian actor and filmmaker.", "He became popular with his role as ‘Timini’ in the Nigerian TV series ''Jenifa's Diary''.", "He co-directed one of the highest Nollywood grossing movie ''Battle on Buka Street,'' alongside Funke Akindele.", "In 2024, he received critical and audience acclaim for his portrayal of 'Shina Judah', a hoodlum in the blockbluster ''A Tribe Called Judah''." ], [ "Early life and education", "Makinde was born on 16 May, 1991 in Lagos State, Nigeria but is an indigene of Ilesha, Osun State.", "He was born to the family of Mr & Mrs Akinjimi Olufisayo Makinde.", "He spent most of his early childhood in Agemowo Town, Badagry, Lagos state.", "He acquired his primary education from Odofa Children’s Home, Ogun State and his secondary education from Supreme Pillars College, Badagry, Lagos State.", "In 2012, he acquired his Bachelor's degree from the University of Lagos in Theatre Arts.", "In 2016, he earned his Master’s Degree in Theatre Arts, also from the University of Lagos." ], [ "Career", "Makinde started off as a child actor and was greatly influenced by his father.", "He debuted the acting scene at the age of seven with the movie “Silenced”, which produced by Ralph Nwadike and directed by Tunji Bamishigbin.At the age of 13, Makinde played one of the lead roles in the popular TV series “Kamson N Neighbors”.", "He also featured in other projects including ''Industreet'' and ''My Siblings and I''.", "In 2015, he became production manager for Scene One Productions.", "Later on, he got the role of ‘Timini' in ''Jenifa’s Diary'' which earned him recognition.", "In 2023, he co-directed one of Nollywood’s highest grossing movie ''Battle on Buka Street''.", "In 2023, he played the role of ‘Shina Judah’ in ''A Tribe Called Judah'' starring Funke Akindele, Genoveva Umeh, Timini Egbuson, amongst others." ], [ "Filmography", " Year Title Role Genre Notes1998''Silenced''Village boyDrama2004''Full Circle''NicholasSoap opera2004''Tides of Fate''KejiSoap opera2006''Kamson N Neighbours''NathanielTV series 2016 ''Industreet'' Feva DramaAssistant Director etal 2017''Jenifa's Diary''TiminiSitcomTv series / Assistant Director etal 2018 ''The Missing Piece'' MichaelDramatic thriller Assistant Director ''My Siblings and I'' Samson Comedy Tv series / Assistant Director etal 2019 ''Aiyetoro Town'' TiminiSitcom Tv series / Assistant Director etal ''Unmendable'' Kitan Drama 2020CatfishNola Crime DramaAssistant Director ''Omo Ghetto: The Saga'' Ay Pomping Crime Comedy Drama 2021 ''Jenifa on Lockdown'' TiminiSitcom Web series 2022 ''Battle on Buka Street'' Director DramaCinematic directorial debut 2023 ''She Must Be Obeyed'' Kola DramaLimited series / Assistant Director ''A Tribe Called Judah'' Shina Judah Drama" ], [ "References" ], [ "See also", "* List of Nigerian actors" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Aqeel Malik" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Aqeel Malik''' is a Pakistani politician who is member-elect of the National Assembly of Pakistan." ], [ "Political career", "Aqeel Malik won the 2024 Pakistani general election as an independent candidate from NA-54 Rawalpindi-III by securing 85,912 votes." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Magna Bowl" ], [ "Introduction", "Magna Bowl (Fuente Magna in Spanish) exhibited in a museum.The '''Magna Bowl''' is a large stone vessel that was discovered in Bolivia on the shores of Lake Titicaca by a local farmer.", "Its cultural affiliation and chronology is uncertain, as is the context where it was found.", "The inside of the bowl is engraved in Sumerian, Proto-Sumerian, and Semitic Mesopotamian cuneiform characters." ], [ "Description", "It is a large piece, similar to a libation vessel, probably used during religious ceremonies.", "It was found in 1950 by a farmer near the town of Chua, near Lake Titicaca.", "It is currently in the Museum of precious metals \"Museo de Oro\" on Jaén street, in La Paz, Bolivia." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Indagine sul Fuente Magna boliviano e del monolite di Pokotia Archivado el 6 de junio de 2012 en Wayback Machine.", "* Archeologia Antica - Lista di importanti ritrovamenti archeologici" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Swimming at the 2024 World Aquatics Championships – Men's 400 metre freestyle" ], [ "Introduction", " The '''men's 400 metre freestyle''' competition at the 2024 World Aquatics Championships was held on 11 February 2024." ], [ "Records", "Prior to the competition, the existing world and championship records were as follows." ], [ "Results", "===Heats===The heats were started at 09:44.Rank Heat Lane Name Nationality Time Notes 1 6 5 Elijah Winnington 3:44.37 Q 2 5 4 Lukas Märtens 3:44.77 Q 3 6 3 Kim Woo-min 3:45.14 Q 4 6 2 Daniel Wiffen 3:45.52 Q 5 5 3 Felix Auböck 3:45.53 Q 6 5 5 Guilherme Costa 3:46.03 Q 7 5 0 Lucas Henveaux 3:46.15 Q, '''NR''' 8 4 6 Victor Johansson 3:46.20 Q, '''NR''' 9 4 5 David Aubry 3:46.40 10 5 7 Zhang Zhanshuo 3:46.46 11 5 8 Kristóf Rasovszky 3:46.77 12 6 1 David Johnston 3:46.99 13 6 8 Fei Liwei 3:47.06 14 6 0 Matteo Ciampi 3:47.23 15 6 6 Antonio Djakovic 3:47.81 16 5 1 Sven Schwarz 3:47.82 17 6 4 Ahmed Hafnaoui 3:48.05 18 5 9 Alfonso Mestre 3:48.38 19 3 5 Krzysztof Chmielewski 3:48.71 20 6 7 Danas Rapšys 3:48.72 21 4 9 Khiew Hoe Yean 3:49.14 22 4 2 Kregor Zirk 3:49.34 23 5 6 Petar Mitsin 3:49.43 24 5 2 Marco De Tullio 3:49.44 25 4 3 Ahmed Jaouadi 3:49.85 26 4 1 Ilia Sibirtsev 3:50.09 '''NR''' 27 4 7 Jon Joentvedt 3:50.71 28 4 8 Lorne Wigginton 3:50.91 29 3 4 Carlos Quijada 3:52.86 30 3 2 Glen Lim Jun Wei 3:52.91 31 4 4 Vlad Stancu 3:52.97 32 3 1 Dylan Porges 3:53.11 33 3 6 Juan Morales 3:54.22 34 2 5 Samuel Kostal 3:54.78 35 6 9 Logan Fontaine 3:55.60 36 3 3 Emir Batur Albayrak 3:56.34 37 3 7 Sašo Boškan 3:56.38 38 2 4 Loris Bianchi 3:58.47 39 3 9 Rafael Ponce de León 3:59.63 40 4 0 Nguyễn Huy Hoàng 4:02.13 41 2 3 Omar Abbass 4:03.21 42 1 1 Matheo Mateos 4:04.14 43 2 2 Nikola Gjuretanovikj 4:04.76 44 2 0 Nasir Hussain 4:05.65 45 2 9 Ridhwan Mohamed 4:06.44 '''NR''' 46 2 6 Alberto Vega 4:06.89 47 1 4 Xavier Ventura 4:07.35 48 2 1 Mal Gashi 4:08.51 49 2 8 Liggjas Joensen 4:08.59 50 3 0 Tonnam Kanteemool 4:09.41 51 1 5 Khaled Alotaibi 4:14.64 52 1 7 Mahmoud Abu Gharbieh 4:15.85 53 3 8 Ryan Barbe 4:16.08 54 1 6 Kaeden Gleason 4:17.52 55 1 3 Mohammed Al-Zaki 4:21.18 56 1 2 Mohamed Shiham 4:31.96 2 7 Gerald Hernández Did not start===Final===The final was started at 19:02.Rank Lane Name Nationality Time Notes 3 Kim Woo-min 3:42.71 4 Elijah Winnington 3:42.86 5 Lukas Märtens 3:42.96 4 7 Guilherme Costa 3:44.22 5 1 Lucas Henveaux 3:44.61 '''NR''' 6 8 Victor Johansson 3:45.87 '''NR''' 7 6 Daniel Wiffen 3:46.65 8 2 Felix Auböck 3:51.60" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Maya Georgieva (gymnast)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Maya Georgieva''' (born 10 October 1962) is a former Bulgarian rhythmic gymnast.", "She's a World and European medalist." ], [ "Biography", "Georgieva was born in Kyustendil, where she began training at the local school of rhythmic gymnastics.In 1977 she won silver in the group competition at the World Championships.", "The following year she became the first European champion in groups.", "And in 1979 she won group bronze at the World Championships.For her achievements she was awarded the title of Honoured Master of Sports in Bulgaria." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "José Peláez Bardales" ], [ "Introduction", "'''José Antonio Peláez Bardales''' (21 August 1946 – 5 February 2024) was a Peruvian lawyer and politician.", "A member of National Solidarity, he served as Attorney General from 2011 to 2014.Peláez died in Lima on 5 February 2024, at the age of 77." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Christine Thomson" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Christine Dumont Thomson''' is a New Zealand nutritionist and academic, and is professor emerita at the University of Otago.", "Before her retirement in 2010 she researched iodine and selenium dietary deficiencies." ], [ "Academic career", "Thomson completed a Bachelor and Master of Health Science and a PhD at the University of Otago.", "Her doctoral dissertation was on the importance of selenium in the diet.", "}Thomson joined the faculty of the university in 1976, rising to full professor in 2006.Thomson's research focused on iodine and selenium in the diet, but she also had an interest in sports nutrition.", "Her interest in iodine continued a tradition of research into nutritional deficiencies at Otago, started by Charles Hercus, Noel Benson, Charles L. Carter and Muriel Bell, who showed in the 1920s that iodine deficiency in New Zealand soils was causing goitre.", "Iodised salt became available in New Zealand in 1939, but Thomson's research in the 1990s showed that iodine deficiency was once again a problem in New Zealand.", "A 2002 survey of schoolchildren by colleague Sheila Skeaff showed mild iodine deficiency, and the 2008–2009 National Nutrition Survey found similar in adults.", "The food standards were then altered so that it became mandatory to use iodised salt in bread, and subsequent surveys have shown a decline in iodine deficiency.", "Thomson also researched selenium deficiency, showing that eating one brazil nut per day was sufficient to raise most New Zealander's selenium to recommended levels.Thomson was on the editorial advisory board for the New Zealand healthy food guide.", "Thomson is retired from teaching and research, and was appointed professor emerita at Otago in 2010." ], [ "Selected works", "* * * * * * * * " ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", " New Zealand healthy food guide article by Thomson" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Chinese National Association of the Mass Education Movement" ], [ "Introduction", "Ex-libris plate from a book owned by the association'''Chinese National Association of the Mass Education Movement''' (Traditional Chinese: 中華平民教育促進會, Simplified Chinese: 中华平民教育促进会), was founded in 1923 with the aim of using popular, accessible education as a means of societal reform, by Tao Xingzhi, Zhu Qihui, and Y. C. James Yen and educational representatives from various provinces.", "Initially based in Beijing, branches were successively established in more than 20 provinces and regions across the country, where they opened schools for the common people in rural areas.", "Zhu Qihui served as the chairwoman, Tao Xingzhi was the secretary of the board of directors, and Yan Yangchu was the general secretary." ], [ "Ding Xian Experiment", "In the 1926, James Yen chose Ding Xian in Hebei as the \"North China Experimental Zone\", to engage in popular education and rural construction, in a pioneering project known as Ding Xian Experiment.", "The Ding County experiment was halted due to the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, when James Yen moved to Chongqing to continue his work in popular education." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Fritz Große" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Fritz Willibald Große''' (February 5, 1904 – December 12, 1957) was a German politician and diplomat." ], [ "Life", "Große was born on February 5, 1904, in Altenberg.", "After completing his schooling, he worked as a carpenter between 1918 and 1920.In 1920, Große joined the Communist Party of Germany (KPD).", "In May 1920 he traveled to the Soviet Russia and enlisted in the 3rd Cavalry Corps of the Red Army and joined the Russian Communist Party.", "In 1921, Große returned to Germany, settling with his father in Chemnitz.", "In 1928, he would begin a relationship with Lea Große (née Lichter), and the two would marry in 1946.Große became a member of the Central Committee of the KPD in 1929.From 1930 to 1932 Große was a member of the executive committee of Young Communist International.", "In November 1932, Große was elected to the Reichstag, a post he would hold until March 1933.Große attended the secret meeting of the KPD at the Sporthaus Ziegenhals on February 7, 1933.With the Nazi seizure of power in Germany that year he would go into exile.", "First he would travel to Prague, then to Moscow, Paris, and finally, Amsterdam.", "In February 1934 he returned to Berlin to work underground for the now-illegal KPD.", "In August 1934, he was arrested in Düsseldorf and in March 1936 he was sentenced to life in prison.", "From 1936 to 1945 Große was imprisoned, spending time in both the Brandenburg-Görden Prison and the Mauthausen concentration camp.After being freed with the conclusion of the Second World War, Große travelled to Moscow, then returned to Germany alongside Wilhelm Pieck and Franz Dahlem.Große was appointed as the first ambassador of the German Democratic Republic to Czechoslovakia.", "He held this office from 1949 to 1952, and was succeeded by Bernard Koenen.", "He then played a prominent role at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs, including building relations between the GDR and Yugoslavia in 1957.On May 6, 1955, Große was awarded the Patriotic Order of Merit, in silver.Große's health had suffered greatly as a consequence of spending over eleven years in either a prison or a concentration camp.", "He died in Berlin on December 12, 1957." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Naseem Ali Shah" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Naseem Ali Shah''' is a Pakistani politician and elected member of the National Assembly of Pakistan." ], [ "Political career", "Shah won the 2024 Pakistani general election from NA-39, Bannu election by securing 147,087 votes." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Rosa Petit" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Rosa Verónica Petit De Castillo''' is a Venezuelan politician, currently an alternate deputy of the National Assembly for the Amazonas state." ], [ "Career", "Petit was elected as alternate deputy for the National Assembly for the Amazonas state for the 2016-2021 period in the 2015 parliamentary elections, representing the Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD).", "In 2019 Petit was included in a list presented by deputy Delsa Solórzano of 123 deputies, between main and alternate, who have been victims of \"violations of their human rights, as well as threats, intimidation or illegal suspension of their mandate in the current legislative period.\".", "On 12 August of the same year, she announced his decision to join the A New Era party along with other deputies and leaders.", "In 2022, she was among the representatives of Venezuelan organizations and indigenous peoples who signed a document condemning the killing of four Yanomami indigenous people on 20 March by the Armed Forces." ], [ "See also", "* IV National Assembly of Venezuela" ], [ "References" ], [ "Further reading", "* Nicolás Maduro confirma 3 casos de COVID-19 - Sarai Coscojuela, 21 April 2020, Runrunes* AN electa en 2015 condenó precaria situación salarial de los profesores universitarios en Venezuela - 1 February 2022, El Carabobeño* Denuncian asesinato de cuatro yanonamis a manos de militares en Amazonas - Lorena Meléndez, 22 March 2022, Runrunes" ], [ "External links", "* Rosa Veronica Petit De Castillo - Asamblea Nacional de Venezuela" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Gregory Charles Rivers filmography" ], [ "Introduction", "Gregory Charles Rivers (; 19652024) was an Australian-born Hong Kong actor known for his roles in TVB shows.", "He was dubbed \"TVB's token ''gweilo''\" (white person) for appearing in over 300 TVB shows as stereotypical Caucasian characters." ], [ "Television", "=== TVB ===YearTitleRoleNotes1988''''Television debut''Twilight of a Nation''''The Legend of Master Chan''1989''''Senior police officer''The Justice of Life''''Song Bird''1990''Cherished Moments''''Blood of Good and Evil''Police Superintendent''''Inspector Chan''It Runs in the Family''Australian buyer''The Challenge of Life''''The Iron Butterfly II: See No Daylight''1991''On The Edge''''Man from Guangdong''1992''The Greed of Man''Police constable1993''The Hero from Shanghai''Cameo''The Spirit of Love''Cameo1994''Instinct''1995''Detective Investigation Files''Police constable''The Criminal Investigator''''Corruption Doesn't Pay''Lu Tsu (陸徐)episode 10''Fist of Power''William Robinson (羅便臣)episode 111996''The Criminal Investigator II''1997''Old Time Buddy''1998''Healing Hands''''The Duke of Mount Deer''1999''Face to Face''2000''Armed Reaction II''2001''Virtues of Harmony''2002''Golden Faith''Cameo''Family Man''Pierre''''Policeman2003''Aqua Heroes''''Point of No Return''Chung Sir / William''Triumph in The Skies''Eddie''Vigilante Force''''The 'W' Files''''Ups and Downs in the Sea of Love''2004''To Get Unstuck in Time''''Armed Reaction IV''''A Handful of Love''''To Catch The Uncatchable''''Angels of Mission''2005''The Gâteau Affairs''Chef''Always Ready''Paul Stevens''Into Thin Air''William Hunter''War of In-Laws''''Healing Hands III''''The Prince's Shadow''''Life Made Simple''2006''La Femme Desperado''''Under the Canopy of Love''''C.I.B.", "Files''Police officer''Bar Bender''''Dicey Business''''Steps''2007''Life Art''''War and Destiny''''Phoenix Rising''''The Brink of Law''''The Ultimate Crime Fighter''''Word Twisters' Adventures''2008''A Journey Called Life''''Forensic Heroes II''Ben Au2023''''BrandonFinal television role=== Other productions ===YearTitleRoleNotes2016''Margaret and David – Green Bean''2017''Psycho Detective''2018''VR Exorcist''''If Love Was Not Timeless''2019''Reboot''2022''Flying Tiger 3''''''Tony" ], [ "Film", "YearTitleRoleNotes1989''Casino Raiders''Bellboy1990''''Thief''''''Shanghai, Shanghai''British guard''''Policeman''''Senior police officer1995''Legendary Couple''Officer John1996''Banana Club''Mr.", "Richards2012''Floating City''Greg McCordie2015''''''Little Big Master''Tony2017''OCTB''2019''My People, My Country''2021''All U Need Is Love''2022''Man on the Edge''CS Richard Harrison2023''''Wong SirFinal film role" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2024 ABN AMRO Open – Singles" ], [ "Introduction", "Jannik Sinner defeated Alex de Minaur in the final, 7–5, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2024 Rotterdam Open.", "It was his 12th ATP Tour singles title.", "With the win, Sinner became the first Italian to reach world No.", "3 on the ATP rankings in singles.Daniil Medvedev was the reigning champion, but withdrew before the tournament began." ], [ "Seeds" ], [ "Draw", "===Finals======Top half======Bottom half===" ], [ "Qualifying", "===Seeds======Qualifiers======Qualifying draw=======First qualifier========Second qualifier========Third qualifier========Fourth qualifier====" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Main draw* Qualifying draw" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "João Severiano" ], [ "Introduction", "'''João Carlos da Silva Severiano''' (born 26 September 1941), better known as '''João Severiano''' or '''Joãozinho''', is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder." ], [ "Career", "A player of extreme skill and intelligence, it didn't take long for him to rise to Grêmio's professional ranks.", "For Grêmio FBPA, João Severiano made 423 appearances and scored 135 goals, playing from 1960 to 1972, having a brief spell at CA Independiente de Avellaneda in 1961, where he did not receive many opportunities to play.", "He was seven-time state champion from 1962 to 1968.Marino also made 2 appearances for the Brazil national team in total, during the 1966 Copa Bernardo O'Higgins against Chile, scoring 2 goals." ], [ "Personal life", "João Severiano entered political life after retiring, both in Rio Grande do Sul as a state deputy, and at Grêmio participating in the club's political life." ], [ "Honours", ";GrêmioCampeonato Gaúcho: 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1968: 1962Campeonato Citadino de Porto Alegre: 1960, 1964, 1965;BrazilCopa Bernardo O'Higgins: 1966" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Joãozinho at ogol.com.br *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2024 Netball Nations Cup" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 Vitality Netball Nations Cup''' was an international netball series hosted and organised by England Netball.", "It featured England, Australia, New Zealand and Uganda in a series, played in January 2024.With a team coached by Stacey Marinkovich and captained by Liz Watson, Australia won the series after defeating England 69–49 in the final.", "Australia finished the series undefeated, winning all four matches and Paige Hadley was named the series MVP.", "The series was broadcast live on Sky Sports in the United Kingdom and Ireland, on Sky Sport in New Zealand, on Fox Sports in Australia and on YouTube." ], [ "Head coaches and captains", " Team Head coach Captain Stacey MarinkovichLiz WatsonJess ThirlbyFran Williams Noeline TauruaPhoenix KarakaKate HeffernanFred MugerwaIrene Eyaru" ], [ "Debuts and milestones", "* On 20 January 2024, Georgia Heffernan made her senior debut for New Zealand against Australia.", "With her sister, Kate Heffernan, already an established member of the team, the Heffernan sisters now became the third set of sisters to play international netball for New Zealand.", "The first set were their mother and aunt, Annette Heffernan and Maxine Blomquist.", "However, the Heffernan sisters are the first sisters to actually play in the same team at the same time.", "* On 21 January 2024, Helen Housby made her 100th senior appearance for England against Australia.", "* On 27 January 2024, Sarah Klau made her 50th senior appearance for Australia against Uganda.", "* On 27 January 2024, Amorangi Malesala and Tayla Earle made their senior debuts for New Zealand against England." ], [ "Match officials", "===Umpires=== Umpire Association Gary BurgessEnglandRhian EdwardsWalesGareth FowlerNew ZealandAlison HarrisonWalesAnso KempSouth AfricaKate MannEngland===Umpire Appointments Panel=== Umpire AssociationCheryl DansonEnglandJudith GrovesEngland" ], [ "Group stage", "===Round 1======Round 2======Round 3======Table=== 1330018715829'''6''' 232101791745'''4''' 33120172181-9'''2''' 43030165190-25'''0'''" ], [ "Playoffs", "===3rd v 4th Playoff===;Teams''Head Coach:''Noeline Taurua''Specialist coach:''Briony Akle----''Starting 7:'' Grace Nweke (vc) Georgia Heffernan Whitney Souness Tayla Earle Karin Burger Phoenix Karaka (c) Kelly Jury ----''Substitutes'': Mila Reuelu-Buchanan Amorangi Malesala Michaela Sokolich-Beatson ----''Squad'': Kate Burley Maddy Gordon Kate Heffernan (vc) Amelia Walmsley''Head Coach:''Fred Mugerwa''Assistant coach:''Peace Proscovia----''Starting 7:'' Mary Cholhok Shadiah Nassanga Irene Eyaru (c) Margret Baagala Sandra Nambirige Falidah Kadondi Haniisha Muhameed----''Substitutes'': Sarah Nakiyunga----''Squad'': Lillian Achola Florence Adunia Mercy Batamuliza Christine Nakitto===Grand Final===;Teams''Head Coach:''Jess Thirlby''Assistant coach:''Liana Leota----''Starting 7:'' Eleanor Cardwell Helen Housby Hannah Joseph Imogen Allison Amy Carter Funmi Fadoju Fran Williams (c) ----''Substitutes'': Sasha Glasgow Natalie Metcalf Ellie Rattu Halimat Adio Razia Quashie ----''Squad'': Berri Neil''Head Coach:''Stacey Marinkovich''Assistant coach:''Nicole Richardson----''Starting 7:'' Cara Koenen Kiera Austin Liz Watson (c) Kate Moloney Sunday Aryang Sarah Klau Courtney Bruce----''Substitutes'': Sophie Dwyer Sophie Garbin Paige Hadley (vc) Jamie-Lee Price Jo Weston----''Squad'': Donnell Wallam" ], [ "Final Placings", " Rank Team 4" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "2024 European Senior Tour" ], [ "Introduction", "The '''2024 European Senior Tour''', titled as the '''2024 Legends Tour''', will be the 32nd season of the European Senior Tour, the main professional golf tour in Europe for men aged 50 and over." ], [ "Schedule", "The following table lists official events during the 2024 season.DateTournamentHost countryPurse(€)WinnerNotes 5 May Barbados Legends Barbados US$500,000 26 May '''KitchenAid Senior PGA Championship''' United States US$3,500,000 Senior major championship 9 Jun TBC Europe 500,000 16 Jun Paul Lawrie Matchplay England 300,000 New tournament 22 Jun Irish Legends Ireland 300,000 30 Jun '''U.S.", "Senior Open''' United States US$4,000,000 Senior major championship 14 Jul Swiss Seniors Open Switzerland 300,000 28 Jul '''The Senior Open Championship''' Scotland US$2,850,000 Senior major championship 4 Aug Staysure PGA Seniors Championship Scotland 750,000 18 Aug Zambia Legends Championship Zambia 350,000 New tournament 8 Sep Legends Open de France France 350,000 15 Sep TBC Spain 500,000 22 Sep WINSTONgolf Senior Open Germany 450,000 6 Oct TBC Africa 13 Oct Kenya Legends Championship Kenya 350,000 New tournament 27 Oct Senior Italian Open Italy 300,000 10 Nov Farmfoods European Senior Masters Spain 300,000 17 Nov WCM Legends Mexico Open Mexico US$450,000 New tournament 1 Dec Legends Championship Vietnam Vietnam US$1,000,000 8 Dec MCB Tour Championship (Mauritius) Mauritius US$1,000,000 Tour Championship<!--" ], [ "Order of Merit", "The Order of Merit was titled as the '''MCB Road to Mauritius''' and was based on tournament results during the season, calculated using a points-based system.", "Position Player Points1 2 3 4 5" ], [ "Awards", "AwardWinner Rookie of the Year (Barry Lane Award)" ], [ "Notes" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Baseball in Egypt" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Baseball in Egypt''' is a minor sport." ], [ "History", "The sport has its foundation in the early 1880s as part of Spalding World Tour." ], [ "Bibliography", "* Peter C. Bjarkman, ''Diamonds Around The Globe: The Encyclopedia Of International Baseball'', Greenwood Press, 2004" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Mitsuami no Kami-sama" ], [ "Introduction", " is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by .", "It was serialized in Shueisha's manga magazine '''' from August 2011 to May 2013, with its chapters collected in a single volume.", "A 28-minute anime film produced by Production I.G, released internationally as '''''Pigtails''''', premiered in Japan in October 2015." ], [ "Media", "===Manga===Written and illustrated by , ''Mitsuami no Kami-sama'' was serialized in Shueisha's manga magazine '''' from August 25, 2011, to May 10, 2013.Shueisha collected its chapters in a single released on July 16, 2013.===Film===A 28-minute anime film adaptation produced by Production I.G premiered on October 24, 2015.It was released internationally under the title ''Pigtails''.", "The film had its Canadian premiere at the 20th Fantasia International Film Festival in July 2016.Anime Limited released the film in the United Kingdom on a home video set titled ''Pigtails and Other Short Films'' (alongside ''Kick-Heart'', ''Li'l Spider Girl'', ''Drawer Hobs'', and ''Oval × Over'') on March 25, 2019." ], [ "Reception", "The manga won the Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize's New Artist Prize in 2014.The film won the 2016 California Film Awards' Diamond Award in the Animated Film category.", "It also won the North American Film Awards' Special Jury Award in 2017." ], [ "See also", "''Cocoon'', another manga series by the same author" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", " * * *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Pierre Bou Assi" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Pierre Bou Assi''' (; born 1966) is a Lebanese politician.", "He currently serves as member of the Lebanese Parliament representing the Baabda District and was appointed as Minister of Social Affairs on 18 December 2016 until 2019." ], [ "Early life", "Pierre Rachid Bou Assi was born in 1966 in the town of Abdia, Baabda District to a Maronite Christian family.", "He studied at the Collège Mont La Salle joined the Lebanese Forces party as a student at the Jesuit University in 1985.He left for France where he studied business administration and assumed many jobs including a wine trading company." ], [ "Career", "In France, Bou Assi helped organize local demonstrations amidst the Syrian occupation of Lebanon.", "He returned to Lebanon in 2011 and was appointed head of the Foreign Relations Department of the Lebanese Forces party.After the resignation of Tammam Salam, Aoun designated Saad Hariri to form a new cabinet following binding parliamentary consultations.", "This came as a result of the consensus that led to the election of Aoun, and it was the second time Hariri held the position.", "The cabinet consisted of 30 ministers as a national unity government.", "On 28 December, it won the confidence of the parliament with an 87 MPs majority.", "Bou Assi was named Minister of Social Affairs.Bou Assi ran in the 2018 Lebanese elections under the \"Baabda Unity & Development\" list endorsed by the Lebanese Forces and Progressive Socialist Party.", "He won with 11,498.He ran again in 2022 under the \"Baabda Al Seyada Wal Karar\" list and was able to win his seat with 14,756 votes.During Hezbollah's involvement in the Israel–Hamas war many politicians of long established Christian parties in Lebanon took a stance against Hezbollah's involvement.", "Pierre Bou Assi criticized the involvement by highlighting the kidnapping of two IDF soldiers which led to the 2006 Lebanon war saying, \"Hassan Nasrallah promised, in early July, that the summer would be quiet and thriving—but a few days later, Hezbollah kidnapped two Israeli soldiers and the July war broke out\"." ], [ "Personal life", "Pierre Bou Assi is a Maronite Christian.", "He is married." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Molly Gaskin" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Molly R. Gaskin''' (born 1941) is an environmentalist from Trinidad and Tobago, who is a co-founder, in 1966, and, as of 2024, President of Pointe-à-Pierre Wild Fowl Trust.", "She pioneered environmental education at the Trust, focussing on wetland habitat and herbal medicine.", "Educated at the University of Wales, in 1978 she took on management of the organisation.", "In 1983 she introduced turtle patrols to protect the reptiles laying their eggs at Matura Beach.", "She also led a successful scarlet ibis breeding programme at the trust, hatching its first chick in 1991.In 1993 she enabled the government of Trinidad and Tobago to join the Ramsar Convention." ], [ "Awards and recognition", "* Hummingbird Gold Medal, a national award for Environmental Education (1987)* United Nations Environment Programme “Global 500” Roll of Honor (1994)* 25 “Exceptional women leaders from around the world for outstanding effort and dedication to the environment”, by The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)* Featured in the book ''90 Most Prominent Women in Trinidad and Tobago''" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Molly Gaskin, PaP Wildfowl Trust President" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Kennedy Amutenya" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Kennedy Given-love Vatileni Amutenya''' (born 15 July 1995), is a Namibian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Gaborone United and the Namibia national team." ], [ "Career", "Amutenya began his senior career with the Namibia Premier League club United Africa Tigers in 2014, and helped them win the 2015–16 Namibia Premier League.", "In 2017, he had a year-long stint with Gaborone United in the Botswana Premier League before returning to the Tigers for another season.", "In 2019, he again moved to Gaborone United for a couple of seasons.", "On 31 August 2021, he moved to the South African National First Division club Cape Town Spurs.On 14 January 2022, he returned to Gaborone United for the third time on a 2.5 year contract, and in his time with them won the 2021–22 Botswana Premier League and 3 Botswana FA Challenge Cups.", "On 11 October 2023, he was suspended by Gaborone United for indiscipline." ], [ "International", "Amutenya was first called up to the national team at the 2022 COSAFA Cup, where the team finished in second place.", "He was called up to the national team for the 2023 Africa Cup of Nations." ], [ "Honours", ";United Africa TigersNamibia Premier League: 2015–16;Gaborone United S.C.Botswana Premier League: 2021–22Botswana FA Challenge Cup: 2020, 2022, 2023" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", " *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Ruth McCabe" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Ruth McCabe''' is an Irish stage, screen and voice actress known from Clones, County Monaghan.", "She is known for starring as Kay Curley in Stephen Frears ''The Snapper'', Christy Brown's paramour Mary in ''My Left Foot'', and Wyn Ryan, sister of Dr. Sam Ryan, in three seasons of ''Silent Witness''.", "She originated the role of Kay McCoy, proprietor of McCoy's bar in RTÉ's soap opera ''Fair City''." ], [ "Awards and recognition", "McCabe won the inaugural IFTA in 2003 for Best Actress in a Supporting role, for playing Margaret McCutcheon in BBC One Northern Ireland's ''Any Time Now'', and again in 2011, for her role as Eithne Driscoll in the Irish police series ''Single-Handed''." ], [ "Personal life", "Ruth's father was Irish playwright and screenwriter Eugene McCabe.McCabe took a break from acting to raise her first child, but performed in the one-woman play \"The Worm in the Heart\" while pregnant with her second child." ], [ "Filmography", "* ''Small Town, Big Story'' (TV Series) 2024* ''That They Might Meet The Rising Sun'' 2024* ''Aisha'' Mrs. Keegan 2022* ''Joyride'' Noreen 2022* ''Women on the Verge'' (TV series) Aunty Bronagh 2018* ''Damo and Ivor:The Movie'' 2018* ''Victoria & Abdul'' Mrs. Tuck 2017* ''Damo and Ivor'' (TV Series) Grano 2013–14* ''Life of Crime (TV series)'' (TV Series) Rose Woods 2013* ''Run & Jump'' Conor's mother 2013* ''Foyle's War'' (episode: \"The Cage\") 2013* ''Lucan'' (Mini series) Nanny Roberts 2013* ''Philomena'' Mother Barbara 2013* ''Wake Wood'' Peggy O'Shea 2009* ''Single-Handed'' (TV Series) Eithne Driscoll 2007-10* ''The Street (TV Series, 1 episode \"Sean & Yvonne\") Mary2006* ''Breakfast on Pluto'' Ma Braden 2005* ''Inside I'm Dancing'' Annie 2004* ''The Blackwater Lightship'' Dr. Louise 2004* ''An Everlasting Piece'' Mrs. O'Neill 2001* ''Sinners'' (TV Movie) 2002* ''The Closer You Get''/''American Women'' Mary Mulligan 2001* ''Wild About Harry'' Lily 2000* ''Relative Strangers'' (Mini Series) 1999* ''Talk of Angels'' O'Toole 1998* ''Silent Witness'' (TV Series) Wyn Ryan 1996–98* ''Crossroads of Laredo'' (short) Barbara 1995* Circle of Friends'' Emily Mahon 1995* ''Takin' Over the Asylum'' (TV Series) Rosalie Gerrity 1994* ''The Snapper'' Kay Curley 1993* ''Hostages'' Elaine Spence 1992* ''Fair City'' (TV Series) Kay McCoy 1989 - 1992* ''My Left Foot'' Mary 1989" ], [ "Theatre work", "''The Blackwater Lightship'', Dora, Draíocht Arts Centre, County Dublin 2022 ''Breathless'' Smock Alley Theatre 2014''Ribbons'' by Elaine Murphy, Glenda, Peacock Theatre, Dublin 2013 ''The New Electric Ballroom'' Druid production, St. Ann's Warehouse, Brooklyn, 2009''The House of Bernarda Alba'' Poncia, Abbey Theatre 2003''Prayers of Sherkin'' by Sebastian Barry, Peacock Theatre 1990''The Worm in The Heart'' by Nell McCafferty, One woman play, Project Theatre, Temple Bar 1987" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* Ruth McCabe's profile at IrishPlayography.com" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Ibrahim Hamad" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Ibrahim Abdallah Hamad''' (born 15 July 1995), sometimes known as '''Ibrahim Bacca''', is a Tanzanian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Young Africans.", "He has played for both the non-FIFA recognized Zanzibar national team, and for the recognized Tanzania national team." ], [ "Career", "Hamad began his senior career with the Zanzibar Premier League club Jang'ombe Boys in 2017.In 2019, he moved to Malindi for 2 season.", "In 2021, he spent a season with KMKM where he won the 2021–22 Zanzibar Premier League.", "In January 142022, he transferred to the Tanzanian Premier League club Young Africans where he won 2 consecutive leagues, 1 Tanzania FA Cup and 1 Tanzania Community Shield.", "On November 2023 he extended his contract with Young Africans until 2027, and after a strong performance against Al Ahly FC in the CAF Champions League a special day was inaugurated by his club and Zanzibar locals called \"Bacca Day\"." ], [ "International", "Hamad was first called up to the Zanzibar national team for the 2017 CECAFA Cup, where the team came in second place.He was first called up to the was Tanzania national team for a 1–0 2023 Africa Cup of Nations qualification win over Uganda on 24 March 2023.He made the final squad for Tanzania at the 2023 Africa Cup of Nations." ], [ "Personal life", "Hamad is a devoted muslim.", "His best friend died during the sinking of MV Spice Islander I in 2011.Hamad worked as a potato chip cutter when he was a young adult to prove to his parents that he could work.", "He was also a part of Zanzibar's military service." ], [ "Honours", ";KMKMZanzibar Premier League: 2021–22;Young AfricansTanzanian Premier League: 2021–22, 2022–23Tanzania FA Cup: 2021–22Tanzania Community Shield: 2022" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "* *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Horacio Sánchez Unzueta" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Horacio Sánchez Unzueta''' (17 April 1949 – 5 February 2024) was a Mexican lawyer, diplomat and politician.", "A member of the Institutional Revolutionary Party, he served in the Chamber of Deputies from 1991 to 1992 and was Governor of San Luis Potosí from 1993 to 1997.Sánchez died in San Luis Potosí on 5 February 2024, at the age of 74." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Narew (disambiguation)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Narew''' is a river in Poland and partially in Belarus'''Narew''' of '''Narev''' may also refer to:Gmina Narew, PolandNarew, Podlaskie Voivodeship, PolandIndependent Operational Group Narew, PolandNarew Offensive, World War I German offensiveIan Narev (born 1967), Australian bank executive, armed steamship of Warsaw Flotilla of the Russian Empire Navy" ], [ "See also", "***Narva (disambiguation)" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Ihar Bryshtel" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Ihar Uladzimiravich Bryshtel''' (''; ''; born 13 July 1987) is a Belarusian beach soccer player who plays as a forward for the Belarus national team." ], [ "Career", "Bryshtel made his debut for Belarus soon after the national team was formed, against the Netherlands at the third stage of the 2009 Euro Beach Soccer League.", "Over the next ten years, he collected over 100 caps for Belarus and established a reputation as one of Europe's most prolific strikers, scooping multiple top scorer and best player awards in international competitions; he was also named best Belarusian player of the year seven times during this period.In July 2017, Bryshtel scored his 100th goal for Belarus against Lithuania at an exhibition tournament.", "In 2019, he signed for top Russian club Kristall, having played for other Russian clubs since 2011.He was also part of the Belarusian squad the 2019 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, Belarus's first appearance at the World Cup, ending the tournament as the team's top goalscorer with four.In August 2020, Bryshtel was one of many Belarusian athletes to speak out against the Lukashenko regime during the 2020–2021 Belarusian protests.", "As a matter of politics, this resulted in his banishment from the national team; he was captain at the time of his exclusion, and his time in exile included missing out on Belarus's 2021 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup campaign.", "He continued to play club beach soccer in Russia, for Kristall, during this time, racking up over 100 goals and appearances, winning multiple Russian league titles.", "In February 2023, Bryshtel publicly expressed \"repentance\" for his actions and was assimilated back into the national team.Bryshtel's impact on his return was instant, winning the best player award at the World Cup qualifiers in July and being voted as Belarusian player of the year for an eighth time.", "He was subsequently included in Belarus's 12-man roster for the 2024 World Cup." ], [ "Statistics", " Competition Season Div.", "Apps Goals Ref.", "'''Euro Beach Soccer League''' 2009 B 5 3 2010 2 2 2011 5 4 2012 3 1 2013 A 6 2 2014 9 13 2015 7 11 2016 10 12 2017 10 14 2018 10 12 2019 4 3 2023 6 4 Total 77 81 — Competition Year Apps Goals Ref.", "'''FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup''' 2019 3 4 2024 Total 3 4 —" ], [ "Honours", "''As of 2023.", "''The following is a selection, not an exhaustive list, of the major honours Bryshtel has achieved:Euro Beach Soccer LeagueSuperfinalThird place (1): 2023Top scorer (1): 2018Regular seasonDivision B stage winner (2): 2009, 2012Division A stage winner (2): 2016, 2018Top scorer (5): 2014 (x1), 2015 (x1), 2016 (x1), 2017 (x2)Best player (1): 2018 (x1)UEFA qualifiers for the FIFA Beach Soccer World CupThird place (1): 2019Best player (1): 2023Euro Winners CupThird place (2): 2015, 2018Top scorer (1): 2015Beach Soccer Stars*World's best player shortlist (4): 2017, 2018, 2019, 2023ABFF beach soccer player of the year*First place (8): 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2023" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", " Ihar Bryshtel, profile at Beach Soccer Worldwide* Ihar Bryshtel, profile at BSC Kristall" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Racism in English football" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Racism in English football''' is the abuse of players, officials, and fans because of their skin colour, nationality, or ethnicity.", "Some may also be targeted because of their association with an opposing team, but there have also been instances of individuals being targeted by their own fans.", "The topic of racism in association football has been widely covered by the media as well as academic studies.", "There have been a range of responses by various associations, such as FIFA and UEFA, as well as by teams, and individual players and managers to address the problem." ], [ "Background", "The Commission for Racial Equality (CRE), the Football Supporters Association (FSA) and the Professional Footballers' Association (PFA) have all launched initiatives in a bid to encourage more people from ethnic minorities to attend matches.", "In October 2019, Premier League also launched a No Room For Racism initiative, which was visible in all the matches played from 19 to 27 October.", "Prior to the 2022–23 Premier League, the captains announced to end the practice of taking a knee before matches.", "However, reaffirming their commitment to stand against racism, they decided to take a knee only on certain selected “significant moments”." ], [ "Timeline", "Arthur Wharton, born in Gold Coast (today's Ghana), was the world's first black professional footballer.", "He played as a goalkeeper for Darlington.", "Wharton was considered the first black professional footballer although he was pre-dated by Andrew Watson, a Scottish amateur footballer.", "Other early non-white footballers include Walter Tull and Hong Y Soo.Dark-skinned Everton centre-forward Dixie Dean recalled how racist comments were aimed at him as he left the pitch at half time during a match in London in the 1930s.", "Dean reportedly punched the offender before disappearing into the players' tunnel.", "The authorities took no action against Dean, and a nearby police officer was alleged to have informed the victim that he had \"deserved\" his punishment.Steve Mokone, a black South African who later was signed for, but never played for Barcelona, left Coventry City after his manager allegedly said to him, \"We brought you over here and you are not satisfied.", "That's the trouble with you people\"; Mokone interpreted this as being racist, and he swiftly signed for Dutch side Heracles Almelo.The player Roger Verdi, who is of Indian origin, changed his name from Rajinder Singh Virdee due to racism.In the 1960s, West Ham United players Clyde Best, who is black and from Bermuda, and Ade Coker were subjected to \"monkey chants\" and had bananas thrown at them during West Ham's games.", "Best had blamed this on the influence of the National Front on the football terraces.In the 1980s, racism in football in England was rampant.", "Paul Canoville was abused by his own fans when he warmed up for Chelsea before making his debut.", "Garth Crooks was regularly subject to racist chants and banners from opposing fans during his time at Spurs.", "Cyrille Regis endured monkey chants from Newcastle United fans on his away debut for West Bromwich Albion and was later sent a bullet in the mail following his call-up to the England squad.", "In 1987 John Barnes was pictured back-heeling a banana off the pitch during a match for Liverpool against Everton, whose fans chanted \"Everton are white\".On 25 January 1995, Manchester United's Eric Cantona launched a 'kung-fu' style kick into the crowd, directed at Crystal Palace supporter Matthew Simmons.", "Simmons had run down 11 rows of stairs to confront and shout abuse at Cantona, using the words \"Fuck off back to France, you French bastard\".", "Cantona followed the kick with a series of punches.", "Simmons went on trial where he claimed that he only shouted \"Off!", "Off!", "Off!", "It's an early bath for you, Mr Cantona!", "\", but was found guilty of abusive behavior and handed a £500 fine and banned from the stadium for a year, receiving a further sentence of a week in jail plus an additional £500 fine as well as £200 in legal costs for assaulting the prosecutor in court.", "Although at the time most attention was focused upon Cantona who received an eight-month ban from all football-related activity for the assault, Simmons' behavior that provoked Cantona's kick would be a decade later be regarded as racial abuse which almost certainly would have forced the partial or full closure of Crystal Palace's stadium, as well as meriting Simmons a considerably lengthier sentence.Aston Villa striker Stan Collymore accused Liverpool defender Steve Harkness of racist abuse during a match at Villa Park in April 1998.In response, Harkness stated: \"I vehemently deny the accusation that I made racist comments to Stan Collymore.", "\"On 21 April 2004, Ron Atkinson resigned from ITV after he was caught making a racist remark live on air about the black Chelsea player Marcel Desailly; believing the microphone to be switched off, he said, \"...he Desailly is what is known in some schools as a fucking lazy thick nigger.\"", "Although transmission in the UK had finished, the microphone gaffe meant that his comment was broadcast to various countries in the Middle East.", "He also left his job as a columnist for ''The Guardian'' \"by mutual agreement\" as a result of the comment.In 2004, Millwall became the first club to be charged by The Football Association over racist behaviour by their fans.", "The charges related to abuse aimed at Liverpool player Djimi Traoré.On 13 January 2007, The FA charged Newcastle player Emre Belözoğlu with \"using racially-aggravated abusive and/or insulting words\", referring to an incident during the 3–0 defeat by Everton at Goodison Park on 30 December 2006.Belözoğlu was, on 16 February 2007, accused of more racist behaviour, this time against Bolton Wanderers' El Hadji Diouf.", "However, on 1 March 2007, it was revealed that Diouf would not be pursuing his claim.", "It was also later revealed that Watford player Al Bangura had released a statement declaring that he was the victim of racist abuse from Belözoğlu.", "On 19 March he was cleared of the charges relating to the Everton game.In 2004, during a friendly match with Spain, English fans chanted racist comments towards the Spanish team and fans.", "This incident was widely condemned by the British government.", "This incident, although not a new manifestation, brought greater awareness in England to the problem of racism in sports.On 6 March 2007, it was announced that the Metropolitan Police were investigating apparent anti-Semitic chants by West Ham fans before the match with Tottenham Hotspur two days previously after a video of the offence surfaced on the Internet.On 7 April 2007, in a match between Rotherham United and Gillingham, Gillingham keeper Kelvin Jack was racially abused by a Rotherham fan.", "On 13 April 2007, the fan was banned for life from the club.Following his appointment as manager in September 2007, Israeli Avram Grant has been the subject of anti-Semitic taunts from some Chelsea fans; Grant's father was a Polish survivor of the German Nazi Holocaust; Grant has also received death threats and anti-Semitic post.In November 2008, Middlesbrough's Egyptian forward Mido was subjected to Islamophobic chanting from a small number of Newcastle fans.", "Mido had been subjected to similar chants the previous year, again from Newcastle fans, and also in 2007 by Southampton fans and West Ham fans who had referred to Mido as a \"shoe bomber\" in reference to his likeness to Richard Reid, the British terrorist jailed in 2003.During a League Cup match between Blackpool and Stoke City at the Britannia Stadium on 22 September 2009, Blackpool player Jason Euell, who at the time was sat on the substitutes bench was racially abused by a Stoke fan, who was ejected from the stadium and subsequently arrested by Staffordshire Police before being released pending inquiries.", "Euell confronted the supporter that was taunting him.", "Blackpool manager Ian Holloway, who had to restrain Euell, was furious in his post-match interview, saying:We are human beings and Jason is a footballer.", "The colour of his skin shouldn't matter.", "It was disgusting.", "The stewards believed what Jason said, got the bloke out and I hope he is banned for life.", "He is an absolute disgrace of a human being.", "I thought those days had gone.", "Jason was just sat in the dugout at the time.", "I saw his reaction and I had to calm him down.", "It's absolutely disgraceful.Euell, who received an official apology from Stoke City, later said:It did hurt.", "I felt I had to stand up for all colours and creeds and show that we won't accept it.", "I'm proud that I made a stand.", "It was a shock to hear what came out of the guy's mouth.", "Racism in football is not dead and buried but it's still a shock to hear that kind of thing in close proximity.", "There were people near the idiot who didn't agree with it, but there were others who turned a blind eye, which was disappointing.In the wake of the incident, Spurs manager Harry Redknapp called for fans who racially abuse players to be imprisoned: \"That is disgusting – there's no place for that in the game.", "Surely we can't have that sort of behaviour now?", "Anyone who does it should be put in prison – not banned from football.", "Stick them where they belong, in the nut-house.", "It's wrong.", "\"In April 2011, an initiative was launched by comedian David Baddiel to tackle anti-semitism in the sport, which was backed by players including Frank Lampard, Ledley King and Kieran Gibbs.", "The same month, two followers of Chesterfield were arrested before the start of a game against Torquay United after racially abusing a young black Torquay player who was taking part in the pre-match entertainment.", "Offenders Trevor Laughton and Joanne Worrall were subsequently banned from watching football or from approaching the venue of any Chesterfield matches for three years.On 15 October 2011, Liverpool's Luis Suárez was accused of racially abusing Manchester United's Patrice Evra, and The FA opened up an investigation into the incident.", "On 16 November, The FA announced they would be charging Suárez, while Liverpool announced support for their player.", "On 20 December, The FA concluded a seven-day hearing, eventually fining Suárez £40,000 and banning him for eight matches for racially abusing Evra.", "Suárez had used the word \"negrito\" towards Evra, meaning \"little black man\" in Spanish.", "Suárez claimed that he meant the term to be taken as it is purportedly used in South America, as a term of endearment, but this explanation was not accepted by The FA.", "The day after Suárez was found guilty, his Liverpool teammates wore t-shirts in support of him.", "In October 2019 Jamie Carragher apologised for this.On 23 October 2011, in a match between Queens Park Rangers and Chelsea, QPR's Anton Ferdinand alleged racial abuse by Chelsea captain John Terry, claiming Terry called him a \"fucking black cunt\" during the game, a claim denied by Terry.", "On 1 November, the Metropolitan Police announced a formal investigation into the allegations.", "In January 2012, Ferdinand received death threats and a bullet was sent to him through the post.", "On 1 February 2012 at Westminster Magistrates Court, Terry was accused of a racially aggravated public order offence in relation to the game at Loftus Road on 23 October.", "He entered a not-guilty plea and stood trial on 9 July.", "On 13 July, after a four-day trial, Terry was acquitted.", "In July, following the court hearing, Terry was charged by The FA with \"using abusive and/or insulting words and/or behaviour towards Ferdinand and which included a reference to colour and/or race contrary to FA Rule E32\".", "In September 2012, after a four-day hearing, he was found guilty, banned for four games and fined £220,000.Evidence in his defence at Terry's trial had been given by his teammate Ashley Cole.", "Ferdinand's brother Rio later referred to Cole via Twitter as a \"choc ice\", meaning someone who is black on the outside but white on the inside.", "In August 2012, The FA found this to be a reference to ethnic origin, colour or race and fined Ferdinand £45,000.On 29 May 2012, the BBC reported that Swindon Town had conceded, in a response to a solicitor's letter from Jonathan Tehoue, that manager Paolo Di Canio, a self-described fascist, had made an inappropriate remark to the player which Tehoue deemed to be racist.", "Before this news had broken, Swindon's chairman had been quoted as being entirely supportive of Di Canio and had denied that the manager had racially insulted Tehoue.", "In October 2013, six supporters of Charlton Athletic were sent to prison having been found guilty of racially aggravated fear of violence.", "The supporters had been on a train returning from a game against Fulham singing songs glorifying Gary Dobson, the racially motivated murderer of Stephen Lawrence.In March 2014, Wolverhampton Wanderers players Carl Ikeme and George Elokobi stated they were racially abused by opposition fans while playing away at Walsall.", "No action was taken against the club.In August 2014, Malky Mackay and Iain Moody were accused of sending each other racist, sexist and homophobic text messages.", "Moody left his job as sporting director of Crystal Palace as a result.", "Mackay apologised for the texts.", "The League Manager's Association defended Mackay, claiming that the texts were merely \"banter\"; the LMA had to later apologise for this as well.", "Mackay later denied being racist, sexist or homophobic.In September 2014, Liverpool player Mario Balotelli was subjected to racist abuse on Twitter following his tweet mocking Manchester United.", "Balotelli had tweeted \"Man Utd... LOL'\", following their 5–3 defeat to Leicester City.", "Also in September 2014, Port Vale chairman Norman Smurthwaite considered appointing Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink as manager, but decided against it partly because he believed that a racist minority of the club's supporters would make appointing a black manager a poor idea.", "The club changed ownership and appointed their first black manager, Darren Moore, ten years later.In February 2015, Chelsea fans were involved in an incident in which they pushed a black passenger off a Métro carriage at Richelieu-Drouot station in Paris before a Champions League match against Paris Saint-Germain.", "The supporters were heard chanting: \"We're racist, we're racist, and that's the way we like it.\"", "Afterwards, Chelsea released a statement condemning the actions, and vowed to ban those involved.", "The incident prompted criticism from the football world.", "The FA condemned the incident, and backed Chelsea to take action.", "UEFA said they were \"appalled\" by the incident.", "FIFA President Sepp Blatter tweeted \"there is no place for racism in football\".", "Chelsea later suspended three people from attending Chelsea games pending further investigation.In December 2017, at Prenton Park in an UEFA Youth League, Liverpool's Rhian Brewster was racially abused during the game.Fernando Forestieri was accused of racially abusing opposition player Krystian Pearce in a pre-season friendly.", "He was charged by police, and on 28 December 2018, an arrest warrant was issued after Forestieri failed to attend court.", "He was found not guilty by a court in March 2019, but was charged with racial abuse by the Football Association.", "The FA found him guilty and issued a six-game ban, which he said he intended to appeal.A North West Counties League game between Congleton Town and Padiham in October 2018 was abandoned in the second-half by the referee after the Padiham goalkeeper received racial abuse.In October 2018 Wilfried Zaha was the victim of racist abuse and death threats following a match.", "In December 2018, a Tottenham Hotspur supporter was fined £500 and banned for four years for throwing a banana skin at Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang during Arsenal's 4–2 victory in the North London derby in which Aubameyang scored twice.In January 2019, Crystal Palace goalkeeper, Wayne Hennessey, denied making a Nazi salute after a picture of him was posted on Instagram by a Max Meyer, a teammate of his.", "The picture was taken after Palace won their third round FA Cup tie against Grimsby Town.", "In the picture, Hennessey has one arm raised while the other is over his mouth, much like that of the Nazi salute.", "However, Hennessey has claimed that he, \"waved and shouted at the person taking the picture to get on with it\" and \"put my hand over my mouth to make the sound carry\".", "Hennessey won't receive any official punishment for the incident as the FA's regulatory commission has stated, \"when cross-examined about this Mr Hennessey displayed a very considerable – one might say even lamentable – degree of ignorance about anything to do with Hitler, fascism and the Nazi regime\".", "Although he has come under fire from Kick It Out, which is English football's equality and inclusion organization, and they have stated in a tweet by their official account, \"If Wayne Hennessey doesn’t know what a Nazi salute is, or understand its horrifying wider implications, then it’s vital that he receives appropriate education as a consequence\".In January 2019, women's player Renée Hector said that an opponent had made monkey noises towards her during a match.", "In February 2019, Sophie Jones was charged by the Football Association with racially abusing Hector.", "In March 2019, Jones was found guilty and banned for five matches.In February 2019 West Ham United said they were investigating a video which allegedly showed fans racially abusing Mohamed Salah, including for being Muslim.", "The club then referred the matter to the police.", "Later that month Kick It Out chairman Lord Ouseley said the authorities were \"dysfunctional\" in dealing with racism in football, whilst player Michail Antonio suggested that clubs whose fans engage in racial abuse should be deducted points.In February 2019 Millwall were charged by the Football Association over alleged racist chanting by their fans during a FA Cup game against Everton in January.", "Leeds United were also investigated for alleged racism of their fans.", "The same month, two Burnley fans were accused of using racist slurs against Brighton player Gaetan Bong and homophobic slurs against Brighton fans.", "Their criminal trial collapsed in October 2019.In March 2019, Philip Billing suffered racial abuse on social media; the matter was reported to police.", "In April 2019, a number of players were subjected to racist abuse on social media, including Charlton Athletic players Lyle Taylor, Wigan Athletic player Nathan Byrne, and Watford players Troy Deeney, Adrian Mariappa and Christian Kabasele.", "Later that month, Chuks Aneke was the subject of a racist meme, and Manchester United captain Ashley Young was also racially abused on social media.Later that month, an amateur cup final in Leicestershire was abandoned due to racist abuse, with the victim being subjected to a six-match ban, whilst Danny Rose said he was looking forward to ending his football career due to racism.", "Later that month he said he hoped governing bodies would take more action to eradicate racism in football.", "That same month Chelsea chairman Bruce Buck said the solution to the issue was education, whilst Raheem Sterling said walking off the pitch in response to racism was not ideal.In April 2019, Kalidou Koulibaly was the victim of racist abuse from an apparent Arsenal fan during a match between the two teams.", "The same month, former player Jamie Lawrence spoke out against racism in football, revealing that during his playing career he had been racially abused by one of his own teammates.In April 2019, ''The Guardian'' released a \"special investigation into the racism crisis in English football\" which \"uncovered anger, despair and a warning that there will be 'an explosion' unless the problem is tackled\".Later that month, British Asian footballers spoke out about the racist abuse they had encountered, and the following month the vice chair of the Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Football Forum said that child players as young as seven years old were regularly the subject of racial slurs from not only spectators, but also from opposing players, coaches and managers.", "In May 2019, Emile Heskey's wife said there were insufficient opportunities for black players to become coaches.", "Raheem Sterling also Called for tougher punishments.In June 2019, the English Football League introduced a rule compared to the Rooney Rule.In July 2019, Kick It Out reported that reports of racist abuse rose by 43% during the 2018–19 football season.", "Later that month Chelsea issued a lifetime ban against a fan who had racially abused Raheem Sterling in December 2018.On 31 July 2019 the FA increased the minimum ban for racism to six games.In August 2019, Fulham player Cyrus Christie accused a Fulham fan of assaulting his sister and the fan's wife of using racist language at the club's opening game of the season, a 1–0 loss at Barnsley.", "Later that month, the FA was told it had to modernise.", "In the following days, Chelsea Forward Tammy Abraham faced racist abuse over social media, after missing the decisive spot kick against Liverpool in the Uefa Super Cup.", "The actions were later condemned by Chelsea club spokesperson who said: \"We are disgusted with the abhorrent posts we have seen on social media\".On 6 August 2019, Liverpool player Mohamed Salah was subjected to racist comments on social media by an Everton fan, who was arrested by police and later sentenced to six weeks in jail.In August 2019, Yakou Méïté spoke out about racist abuse he received on social media.", "He said he chose to do so due to the impact it had on players.Later that month, Paul Pogba suffered racist abuse on social media after missing a penalty during match on 19 August 2019.The abuse was condemned by players including Ryan Giggs, and Twitter announced they would meet with Pogba's club Manchester United and the Kick it Out organisation, after Phil Neville called for a social media boycott in protest.", "Pogba's Manchester United teammate Marcus Rashford was also racially abused on social media, and ex-footballer Garth Crooks said that unless something would do there could be an incident between a player and a fan, similar to Eric Cantona's kung-fu kick on an opposition fan in 1995.In August 2019, Yan Dhanda said that the racism he has encountered as a British Asian footballer inspires him to play his best.In September 2019, the Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic Football Forum released a report which said that child players were being racially abused.In September 2019, Jadon Sancho spoke out against racism in football.", "On 7 September, Raheem Sterling was racially abused by a spectator at England's Euro 2020 qualifier against Bulgaria at Wembley; the spectator was removed from the stadium and later taken to a north London police station on suspicion of public order offence.", "However, he was released with no further action.In September 2019, Tammy Abraham said his mother had cried after he had been subjected to racist abuse in a match.The same month, Stevenage manager Mark Sampson was accused of using racist language by a former coach at the club.", "The club denied the accusations, while the FA said they would investigate.", "On 20 November 2019 Sampson was charged by the FA for using racist language.Later that month the Home Office said that hate crime incidents at football matches increased by 47% during the 2018–19 season from the previous season.In September 2019, Peter Beardsley was suspended from football for all football-related activity for 32 weeks after being found guilty by the FA of racially abusing players.", "Later that month, in a match between Hartlepool United and Dover Athletic, both teams' managers said they considered taking their players off the pitch following racist abuse from Hartlepool fans aimed at Dover player Inih Effiong.", "Dover said they wanted action taken.", "Hartlepool were charged by the FA in October 2019.A few days later Bernardo Silva was accused of being racist about Manchester City teammate Benjamin Mendy following a tweet; the FA wrote to Manchester City for its comments.", "Manchester City's manager Pep Guardiola said punishing Silva for his comments would be a \"mistake\", and Silva was defended by teammate Raheem Sterling.", "In October 2019 Silva was charged by the FA.", "He had 7 days to respond, but was given an extension.", "In November 2019 he was banned for one match and fined £50,000.In September 2019, Leeds goalkeeper Kiko Casilla was accused of racially abusing Charlton forward Jonathan Leko in a match between the two teams; the FA said they would investigate.", "In November 2019 he denied the charge.", "He was later found guilty, and banned for eight matches and fined £60,000.In October 2019, three fans of Brighton & Hove Albion were investigated in relation to two separate incidents at their stadium.", "The same month, a video purportedly showing racist chants from Aston Villa fans about players Marvelous Nakamba and John McGinn surfaced, and was condemned by the club.", "Later that month Wilfried Zaha was sent racial abuse on social media after missing a penalty in a match.Later that month the Premier League launched a black and ethnic minority advisory group.On 19 October 2019, an FA Cup qualifying match between Haringey Borough and Yeovil Town was abandoned after Yeovil fans reportedly racially abused Haringey's goalkeeper Valery Pajetat, including spitting and throwing a bottle at him.", "Haringey's defender Coby Rowe was also targeted.", "Both sets of players walked off the pitch.", "Two men were later arrested.", "It was later announced that the match would be replayed, with the replayed match ending in a 3–0 victory to Yeovil on 29 October 2019.The next day police announced they were hunting for 3 people in relation to the previous racist abuse.On the same day as the Haringey-Yeovil incident, Bristol City fans were accused of racist abuse against Luton Town players.", "There were further racist incidents in the following days, with anti-traveller chants coming from Salford fans at Northampton Town, and a Liverpool player being racially abused at Manchester United.", "Later that month three Chelsea fans were banned by the club after racially abusing a fellow fan.", "Liverpool fans were criticised by the club for displaying a racist banner about their own player Divock Origi.Later that month QPR also criticised FIFA and UEFA for their response to racist abuse of youth players.In November 2019, there was an alleged racist behaviour of Everton fans during Premier League match between Everton and Tottenham Hotspur was reported.", "Later that day, Everton said that they were investigating the claims.", "Police said they would take no action.In November 2019, Watford captain Troy Deeney said there should be a one-strike policy towards racism.", "Later that month, Sanjay Bhandari, the new chairman of anti-racism charity Kick It Out, said the problem of racism in football might get worse before it got better.Later that month, the Home Office announced that there had been a 66% increase in hate crime in English football from the previous year, the majority related to racism.", "Later that month, Hayes & Yeading said that their player Elliott Buchanan has been subject to racist abuse from a fan whilst playing Salisbury, with Salisbury reporting the matter to police.On 7 December 2019, Manchester United player Fred was allegedly racially abused by Manchester City fans during the Manchester derby, while Scunthorpe United player Jordan Clarke was also allegedly abused by Forest Green Rovers fans that same day.", "Ex-player Gary Neville later blamed Prime Minister Boris Johnson for the rise in racism in English football.", "A man was later arrested for the incident involving Fred.", "Police investigated an incident of racial abuse by a fan of Millwall towards a Barnsley player following Millwall's 2–1 home defeat on 21 December 2019.On 22 December 2019, a London derby between Tottenham Hotspur and Chelsea was marred by racist chants and monkey noises aimed at black player Antonio Rudiger, with the match stopped three times.", "The PFA said an inquity should be launched, whilst the British government said they would take action.", "Pundit Gary Neville said players should walk off in response to future occurrences.", "Tottenham's initial investigation into the racist chanting was said to be \"inconclusive\", while one Chelsea fan was arrested for a racially aggravated public order offence against Tottenham's Son Heung-min.In February 2020 BBC Three released a file called ''Shame in the Game'' about racism in English football.On 10 November 2020, FA chairman Greg Clarke resigned after referring to black players as “coloured players” and also said that there were “a lot more South Asians than there are Afro-Caribbeans” in the FA's IT department because “they have different career interests”.In December 2020, following completion of a month-long lockdown in England to help prevent the spread of COVID-19, a limited number of supporters were allowed back into some stadiums for the first time since March 2020.Before a match between Millwall and Derby County at The Den players of both teams took a knee to show support for the Black Lives Matter movement.", "Some Millwall supporters showed their disapproval of this action by booing during the gesture.", "This was construed as a racist act and condemned by Derby manager, Wayne Rooney, government minister, James Cleverly, and TV pundits, Gary Lineker and Micah Richards.", "Similar disapproval to taking a knee was also heard from some Colchester United supporters before their game against Grimsby Town at the Colchester Community Stadium.", "Similar jeering by some fans occurred during the taking of the knee on 15 December 2020 before a game between Cambridge United and Colchester United at the Abbey Stadium.", "The action was condemned by Cambridge manager, Mark Bonner.", "On 2 January 2021, AFC Bournemouth player, Junior Stanislas was subjected on Twitter to \"multiple tweets of racial abuse alongside vile insults about the midfielder's family\" after he had scored the only goal for Bournemouth in a 1–0 defeat of Stoke City.In January 2021, Manchester United players Axel Tuanzebe and Antony Martial were abused online following a defeat in a game.", "A day later Romaine Sawyers of West Brom received racist abuse following a match, as did Reece James of Chelsea.", "On 30 January 2021, a 49-year-old man from Kingswinford was arrested for racially abusing Sawyers.", "The same day, Manchester United forward Marcus Rashford received racist abuse on social media following a draw in a match.", "The increasing use of social media to racially abuse footballers was noted by Dan Roan of the BBC.", "In February 2021, Alex Jankewitz of Southampton suffered racist abuse on social media after the midfielder got sent off early in a game.", "Following a draw in February 2021, Tuanzebe received more racist abuse on social media after conceding a free-kick late in the game, which resulted in a last minute goal for the visitors.", "By February 2021, several clubs and players had decided against taking a knee before games, with Brentford feeling the gesture no longer had the required impact while Queens Park Rangers felt like it had become diluted.", "Similar reasons for stopping applied to Middlesbrough, with their player, Britt Assombalonga, calling for change after the initial success of taking a knee.", "Wilfried Zaha of Crystal Palace described the gesture as \"degrading\".", "He announced on 19 February 2021 that he would stop taking a knee before matches.", "Following Manchester United's draw against West Brom, Martial was again subjected to racist abuse on Instagram.Analysis by Signify, a data science company who conducted a month-long in December 2020, revealed in February 2021 that there were 16 instances of targeted racist abuse towards Arsenal player Granit Xhaka and found 52 account users involved with online hate against Chelsea player Antonio Rüdiger.", "A few days later, Arsenal player Eddie Nketiah was sent a racist message underneath a Twitter post, becoming another high-profile footballer to be racially abused on social media.On 24 February 2021, Walsall and Aston Villa released joint statements condemning racist abuse that Tyreik Wright had received on Instagram.", "The messages were reported to both the social media platform and West Midlands Police's Hate Crime Unit for investigation.", "On 26 February 2021, Derby County player Colin Kazim-Richards received racist abuse on social media after their 1–1 draw with Nottingham Forest.", "Derbyshire Police announced an investigation into the abuse.", "On 6 March 2021, Derby County decided to stop taking the knee before future games as they felt it was a symbolic gesture and therefore not enough.After Crystal Palace’s goalless draw with Manchester United on 3 March 2021, Palace left back Patrick van Aanholt was subjected to racist abuse on social media.", "On 13 March 2021, Zaha became the first Premier League player to stop taking the knee.", "On 18 March 2021, Sheffield United player Rhian Brewster shared a racist message that he received from a user on Instagram, with Sheffield United offering Brewster their support and praising him for highlighting racist abuse.", "Manchester United midfielder Fred was racially abused on an Instagram post from 18 March 2021 after being at fault for Leicester City’s first goal in Manchester United’s 3–1 FA Cup quarter-final defeat, with the player saying “we are bigger and better than that”.On 4 April 2021, Tottenham Hotspur midfielder Davinson Sánchez was subjected to racist abuse on Instagram following a 2–2 draw with Newcastle United.On 6 April 2021, following their defeat by Real Madrid in the Champions League, Liverpool players Sadio Mané, Trent Alexander-Arnold and Naby Keïta were also subjected to racist abuse on social media.", "Liverpool said they would work with the authorities to identify and prosecute offenders but that \"it will not be enough until the strongest possible preventative measures are taken\".On 11 April 2021 Tottenham player Son Heung-min suffered racist abuse following a match, with the club saying they would review the matter.", "On 24 April 2021 all clubs in the Premier League, the EFL and the Women's Super League announced a boycott of all social media platforms for four days starting on 30 April 2021 in an effort to combat racist abuse and discrimination.", "Following this, Southampton player Nathan Tella opened up on the racist abuse he received after a game with Leeds earlier that season.", "The same month, Tella was racially abused again after Southampton's defeat to Liverpool.Following Manchester United’' defeat to Villarreal in the Europa League final on 26 May 2021, Marcus Rashford received “at least 70 racial slurs” online, with Manchester United adding that other members of the team were also targeted online after the defeat.", "The same week, Raheem Sterling and Kyle Walker were racially abused following Manchester City’s defeat to Chelsea in the Champions League final.On 11 July 2021, Marcus Rashford, Jadon Sancho and Bukayo Saka received racist abuse of social media after they all missed during the penalty shootout in the UEFA Euro 2020 final.", "A mural of Rashford was vandalised, with the player saying he would not apologise for who he is, whilst Sancho later said that racists would never win, and Saka said he \"instantly\" knew he would receive racist abuse and hate.", "On 16 July 2021 it was announced that 5 people had been arrested.", "Instagram also said its moderation technology had failed to deal with racist abuse.Tyrone Mings was critical of the Government's response to racist abuse.", "He accused Home Secretary Priti Patel of encouraging it after she had previously said that fans were right to boo players taking the knee, which she described as \"gesture politics\".", "Later Prime Minister Boris Johnson said online racists would be banned from football matches, while Tory MP Steve Baker said the Government should start backing players taking the knee.", "Also, Portsmouth announced they were investigating reports some of their youth players had engaged in racist abuse of England players.", "After an investigation, three youth players were subsequently released by Portsmouth.On 18 September 2021, two Birmingham fans were arrested following an allegation of racist abuse aimed at Peterborough defender Nathan Thompson who made a complaint to referee Jarred Gillett during the match.", "On the same day, Swansea reported that their defender Rhys Williams was racially abused by a home fan in the second half of their game against Luton at Kenilworth Road.", "Following Crystal Palace's win against Manchester City on 30 October 2021, Wilfried Zaha posted a series of racist messages that he had received on Instagram following the game.In December 2021 a Southern Football League game between Tamworth and Biggleswade was abandoned at half-time due to alleged racist abuse.", "Later that month Arsenal reported a racist incident in a game away at Leeds United, which resulted in an arrest being made, and which the FA investigated.", "at the end of the month online racist abuse aimed at players was reported by Norwich City.In January 2022 a man was arrested following alleged racist abuse aimed at pundit and ex-player Ashley Cole.In February 2022 Chelsea settled a court case with former youth player who alleged racist abuse from coaches.", "Later that month Bradford City suspended a fan for alleged racist abuse, pending a police investigation.In April 2022, the Met Police investigated an alleged racist comment made at a local football match.", "In June 2022 the London FA said that the allegation was not proven.In May 2022, Crawley Town manager John Yems left the club following allegations that he had racially segregated the training ground changing rooms and had abused black and Asian players.", "Yems was charged by the FA in July 2022.In January 223 Yems was banned from football for 18 months after being found by the FA to have used \"offensive, racist and Islamophobic\" language, but they said it was \"not conscious racism\".Also in May 2022, on the same day, two Burnley fans were arrested following racist gestures during a game against Tottenham, while the families of Brentford players Rico Henry and Ivan Toney were racially abused at an Everton game.", "Anti-racism charity Kick It Out spoke out against the incidents.In June 2022, England national team manager Gareth Southgate spoke out about the need to educate young football fans about racism.In July 2022, a Chesterfield fan allegedly racially abused two Bradford City players during a pre-season friendly.", "The matter was referred to the FA and the police.In August 2022, a Wolverhampton Wanderers fan was tried at court after allegedly making a monkey gesture at pundit Rio Ferdinand during a game in May.In September 2022, Stockport County condemned alleged racist chanting from their supporters.In October 2022, Ivan Toney was racially abused online, as was Rhian Brewster.", "The abuse aimed at Toney resulted in an arrest after being deemed a hate crime, with the man admitting the offence and apologising.", "Toney also received online abuse in February 2023.Later that month, Hawa Cissoko suffered racist abuse after being sent off.", "She said she was \"surprised\" by it.", "Elijah Adebayo also suffered racist abuse in October 2022, the third time in 12 months, and again in October 2023.That same month, Les Ferdinand criticised the FA's diversity code, saying it had no impact on helping black players become managers.In November 2022, Rico Lewis was racially abused by Sevilla fans during a match.", "Later that month Chuba Akpom was racially abused online, with police involved.In December 2022, Carlisle United fans were accused of racist chanting in a game against Bradford City.", "The club was fined £7,500 for the incident.In January 2023, Blackburn Rovers fans were accused of racism aimed at opposition goalkeeper Neil Etheridge during a match.", "A 15 year old was later questioned by police in relation to the incident.In February 2023, there was a report of racial discrimination in the away end during a match between Bradford City and Mansfield Town.", "Later that month Ivan Toney, and Son Heung-min suffered racist abuse.", "A Chelsea fan was later banned for the abuse at Son.In March 2023, Kyle Walker-Peters was racially abused.", "Later that month, the man who had abused Toney was given a 'landmark' stadium ban.In April 2023, a Brentford fan was arrested after allegedly racially abusing another fan.In May 2023, Son Heung-min was racially abused by way of a 'racial gesture'.", "In November the fan was banned from football for 3 years.Also in May 2023, Millwall head of youth Barry Dunn was accused of racist and Islamophobic tweets.", "Later that month, after missing the final penalty for Coventry City in a 6–5 defeat in the penalty shootouts against Luton Town in the EFL Championship play-off final, Fankaty Dabo received racist abuse.In June 2023, Rochdale head groundsman was charged with racially abusing a media member at a game in February.", "He was suspended in October 2023.In September 2023, a man was arrested after racist abuse of a Wolves player in a match against Crystal Palace.", "Later that month, Wes Foderingham received racist abuse following a match.", "Later that month, Gillingham were fined following racist chants by fans, whilst Everton launched an investigation into alleged racist abuse of an Arsenal player.In October 2023, Destiny Udogie received racist abuse following a match, as did Ethan Pinnock, and Juninho Bacuna.", "Later that month, Les Ferdinand said that criticism he had received whilst working at QPR was motivated by racism, whilst Pascal Chimbonda said he wanted to be an inspiration to black managers.On 28 October 2023, racist gestures were aimed at Omar Bogle by a Gillingham fan after he scored for Newport.", "On 31 October 2023, racist comments were made in a match between Bradford City and Manchester United U21s.On 26 December 2023, an alleged racist remark was aimed at Carlton Morris.In January 2024 a racist remark was aimed at a mach official during a Carlisle United match, and a man was arrested.", "Later that month, Coventry City player Kasey Palmer was subjected to a racist gesture by a Sheffield Wednesday fan.", "After the incidents, Omar Beckles, chairman of the Professional Footballers' Association, said players were of the view that not enough was being done to deal with racism in the sport.On 3 February 2024, Juninho Bacuna was allegedly racially abused by a fan.", "The same day, the game between Bradford City and AFC Wimbledon was temporarily paused following an alleged racist incident involving a home fan aimed at opposition player Omar Bugiel.", "Later that month, Ivan Toney suffered racist abuse.Later that month, a fan was banned for, amongst other things, racist abuse aimed at Mohamed Salah." ], [ "Examples", "''Date indicates when the incident occurred, rather than when an outcome was reached.", "''DateIncidentOutcomeSource 15 October 2011 Danny Hylton of Aldershot racially abused two Barnet players.Hylton was given an eight-match ban and fined £1,000.12 March 2012 Sky Sports cameras caught an Arsenal fan abusing Newcastle United's Cheick Tioté.The man was arrested on suspicion of a racially aggravated public-order offence.", "20 March 2012 Crawley Town's Dean Howell was allegedly racially abused by a Gillingham supporter.", "Unknown.", "15 April 2012 A 55-year-old man racially abused Didier Drogba during the 2011–12 FA Cup semi-final.", "The fan was given a lifetime ban from Stamford Bridge and a three-year football banning order.", "6 October 2012 Marvin Sordell claimed he was racially abused by a Millwall fan whilst playing for Bolton Wanderers.", "The 13-year-old was given a ban for \"the foreseeable future\".", "31 October 2012 A Chelsea fan was caught making a \"monkey\" gesture to Manchester United's Danny Welbeck.", "The 28-year-old is banned from Stamford Bridge pending a police investigation.", "10 November 2012 Six Millwall fans arrested after unfurling a racist banner aimed at Marvin Sordell.", "6 October 2018 A game between Congleton Town and Padiham was called off after fans subjected Padiham players to racial abuse.", "Congleton were fined £160 for their supporters' abuse, while Padiham were fined £165 for leaving the field." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Epicharis (plant)" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Epicharis''''' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Meliaceae.", "It includes seven species which range from Indochina to south-central China, Taiwan, Malesia, Papuasia, Queensland, and Fiji.The genus was first named by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1825.Most of the species currently accepted were, until recently, included in genus ''Dysoxylum''.", "A genetic study published in 2021 found that ''Dysoxylum'' is polyphyletic, and ''Epicharis'' was revived and re-circumscribed.The genus is named for Epicharis (d. 65 CE), a Roman woman who was a leader in the Pisonian conspiracy, and who was tortured and committed suicide rather than betray her co-conspirators." ], [ "Species", "Seven species are accepted.", "''Epicharis alata'' – New Guinea''Epicharis brevipanicula'' – east-central New Guinea''Epicharis cumingiana'' – Taiwan, Philippines, Maluku Islands, Sulawesi, and Lesser Sunda Islands''Epicharis cuneata'' – Indochina, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Philippines''Epicharis densiflora'' – southern Yunnan (south-Central China), Myanmar, Thailand, Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Sulawesi, and the Lesser Sunda Islands''Epicharis gillespieana'' – Fiji*''Epicharis parasitica'' – Taiwan (Lan Yü), Malesia, Papuasia, and Queensland" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Jerry Patrick Onuokaibe" ], [ "Introduction", "Chief '''Jerry Patrick Onuokaibe''' (born 13 June 1983) is a Nigerian Politician and traditional ruler.", "He is the Igwe-elect of Mburubu Kingdom in Nkanu East Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria.", "He was the Senior Special Adviser (SSA) to Senator Ken Nnamani on Youth Affairs and Special Adviser to Hon.", "Frank Anyioma on Youth Affairs." ], [ "Early life and Career", "Chief Jerry Patrick Onuokaibe was born into the family of Chief & Lolo O. Onuokaibe in Enugu State, Nigeria.", "He attended Enugu State University of Technology (ESUT) in Enugu State.", "In December 2023, Chief Onuokaibe was announced as the Igwe-elect of Mburubu Kingdom in Nkanu East LGA of Enugu State." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Golden Bear Tour seasons" ], [ "Introduction", "This page lists all '''Golden Bear Tour''' seasons from its inaugural season in 1996.Since 1996, all Golden Bear Tour's schedules have included events in Florida." ], [ "1996 season", "===Schedule===The following table lists official events during the 1996 season.", "Date Tournament Location Purse(US$) Winner Jun 12 Soundadvice Invitational Hobe Sound, FL 75,000 Michael McNerney (1) Jun 21 Golf Capital Magazine Tournament Vero Beach, FL 75,000 Brian Gay (1) Jun 27 Nicklaus/Flick School Classic Vero Beach, FL 75,000 Steve Lamontagne (1) Jul 10 Delta Air Lines Championship Port St. Lucie, FL 75,000 Bobby Collins (1) Jul 24 Canon Computer Systems Invitational West Palm Beach, FL 75,000 Michael McNerney (2) Aug 1 Nicklaus Open Jupiter, FL 75,000 Adrian Stills (1) Aug 8 DME Rangefinder Championship Stuart, FL 75,000 Bob Duval (1) Aug 15 Northern Trust Classic Stuart, FL 75,000 Steve Lamontagne (2) Aug 22 Lincoln-Mercury Invitational Jupiter, FL 75,000 Bob Walzel (1) Sep 6 Coca-Cola Classic Jupiter, FL 75,000 Steve Lamontagne (3) Sep 19 Maxfli Open Jupiter, FL 75,000 Ed Humenik (1) Sep 27 Golden Bear Tour Championship Hobe Sound, FL 75,000 Brian Gay (2)===Money list===The money list was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in U.S. dollars.Position Player Prize money ($)1 Steve Lamontagne 72,6282 Brian Gay 57,9483 Bob Walzel 55,3364 Michael McNerney 40,3915 Adam Armagost 35,250" ], [ "1997 season", "===Schedule===The following table lists official events during the 1997 season.", "Date Tournament Location Purse(US$) Winner Jun 5 WJNO-WRLX Championship Stuart, FL 100,000 Stephen Anderson (1) Jun 7 Bio-Back Championship Palm City, FL 100,000 Lloyd Warwick (1) Jun 11 Golf Capital Magazine Invitational Port St. Lucie, FL – ''Canceled'' Jun 13 Teardrop Championship Palm City, FL 100,000 Rob Labritz (1) Jun 18 DME Rangefinder Championship Port St. Lucie, FL 100,000 David Ladd (1) Jun 26 Marriott Championship West Palm Beach, FL 100,000 Tim Cantwell (1) Jul 3 Coca-Cola Classic Stuart, FL 100,000 Adam Armagost (1) Jul 10 Maxfli Open Jupiter, FL 100,000 Mike Sposa (1) Jul 18 Canon Computer Systems Invitational Port St. Lucie, FL 100,000 Brian Gay (3) Jul 23 Grand Slam Championship Palm City, FL 100,000 Shawn Savage (1) Aug 2 Northern Trust Classic Jupiter, FL 100,000 Jerry Springer (1) Aug 6 Nicklaus Open Jupiter, FL 100,000 Bobby Collins (2) Aug 15 American Airlines Invitational Port St. Lucie, FL 100,000 Chris Stutts (1) Aug 22 Nicklaus/Flick School Championship West Palm Beach, FL 100,000 Mike Sposa (2) Sep 5 Lincoln-Mercury Invitational Jupiter, FL 100,000 D. J. Morris (1) Sep 12 Columbia Treasure Coast Healthcare Championship Port St. Lucie, FL 100,000 Chris Stutts (2) Sep 18 Golden Bear Golf Centers Classic Jupiter, FL 100,000 Bobby Collins (3) Sep 25 Golden Bear Tour Championship Hobe Sound, FL 100,000 Clark Burroughs (1)===Money list===The money list was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in U.S. dollars.Position Player Prize money ($)1 Chris Stutts 64,1492 Mike Sposa 63,0593 Bobby Collins 50,8014 Adam Armagost 49,0315 Clark Burroughs 41,684" ], [ "1998 season", "===Schedule===The following table lists official events during the 1998 season.", "Date Tournament Location Purse(US$) Winner Jun 4 Ibis and Hammock Creek Palm City, FL 132,000 Patrick Sheehan (1) Jun 11 Canon-USA Open Jensen Beach, FL 132,000 Rick Price (1) Jun 18 Hammock Creek and Piper's Landing Palm City, FL 132,000 Marco Dawson (1) Jun 24 Hammock Creek and Martin Downs Palm City, FL 132,000 Tom Carter (1) Jul 8 Nicklaus Apparel Open Stuart, FL 132,000 Adam Armagost (2) Jul 16 Northern Trust Bank Classic Jupiter, FL 132,000 Danny Ellis (1) Jul 23 PGA North/South Reserve Port St. Lucie, FL 132,000 Ryan Dillon (1) Jul 31 Bear Lakes and Loxahatchee Jupiter, FL 132,000 Marco Dawson (2) Aug 6 Executive Sports Invitational Stuart, FL 132,000 Shawn Savage (2) Aug 13 Coca-Cola Classic Jupiter, FL 132,000 Chris Kaufman (1) Aug 21 Waterford Crystal Invitational Jensen Beach, FL 132,000 Briny Baird (1) Aug 28 Nicklaus Apparel Classic Jupiter, FL 132,000 Patrick Sheehan (2) Sep 11 Embassy Suites Classic Jupiter, FL 132,000 Briny Baird (2) Sep 18 Bear Lakes and Jonathan's Landing Jupiter, FL – ''Canceled'' Sep 25 Maxfli Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 132,000 Patrick Sheehan (3) Oct 2 Golden Bear Tour Championship Jupiter, FL 254,500 Miguel Suárez (1)===Money list===The money list was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in U.S. dollars.Position Player Prize money ($)1 Patrick Sheehan 164,3532 Briny Baird 147,8713 Marco Dawson 82,8384 Danny Ellis 80,2585 R. J. Nakashian 79,984" ], [ "1999 season", "===Schedule===The following table lists official events during the 1999 season.", "Date Tournament Location Purse(US$) Winner Jun 4 Comcast Classic Palm Beach Gardens, FL 130,000 Adam Armagost (3) Jun 10 PGA National 1 Palm Beach Gardens, FL – ''Canceled'' Jun 17 Hammock Creek and The Florida Club Stuart, FL 130,000 Steve Hart (1) Jun 24 PGA National 2 Palm Beach Gardens, FL 130,000 Danny Ellis (2) Jul 8 Waterford Crystal Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 130,000 Danny Ellis (3) Jul 15 Embassy Suites Classic Palm Beach Gardens, FL 130,000 Jeff Street (1) Jul 22 Maxfli Classic Palm City, FL 130,000 Jeff Burns (1) Jul 29 Nicklaus Apparel Classic Palm Beach Gardens, FL 130,000 Adam Spring (1) Aug 6 Canon Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 130,000 Jeff Street (2) Aug 12 Ibis and Cypress Links St. Petersburg, FL 130,000 Jeff Street (3) Aug 20 St Andrews Classic Port St. Lucie, FL – ''Canceled'' Aug 27 PGA National 3 Palm Beach Gardens, FL 130,000 Chris Stutts (3) Sep 10 SmartSpikes Classic West Palm Beach, FL 130,000 Steve Hart (2) Sep 17 Jonathan's Landing and Ibis West Palm Beach, FL – ''Canceled'' Sep 24 Northern Trust Bank Classic Palm City, FL 130,000 Rick Heath (1) Oct 1 Golden Bear Tour Championship Jupiter, FL 275,000 Danny Ellis (4)===Money list===The money list was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in U.S. dollars.Position Player Prize money ($)1 Danny Ellis 133,0082 Brett Wetterich 102,5613 Jeff Street 100,4124 Steve Hart 89,7345 Rick Heath 77,289" ], [ "2000 season", "===Schedule===The following table lists official events during the 2000 season.", "Date Tournament Location Purse(US$) Winner Jun 8 Jack Jolly Classic 1 West Palm Beach, FL 130,000 Adam Decker (1) Jun 15 Waterford Crystal Classic Palm City, FL 130,000 Brannon Sawyer (1) Jun 22 Canon USA Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 130,000 Tom Carter (2) Jun 29 Nicklaus Apparel Classic Jupiter, FL 130,000 Tom Carter (3) Jul 13 Pepsi Cola Classic Palm Beach Gardens, FL 130,000 Brendon Wilson (1) Jul 20 Martin Downs and Hammock Creek Palm City, FL 130,000 Anthony Ballestero (1) Jul 27 PGA GC Port St. Lucie, FL 130,000 Clint Jensen (1) Aug 3 St Andrews Classic 1 Palm City, FL 130,000 Tim Petrovic (1) Aug 10 Northern Trust Bank Classic Palm Beach Gardens, FL 130,000 Bobby Collins (4) Aug 17 Waterford Crystal Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 130,000 Dan Stone (1) Aug 24 Jack Jolly Classic 2 St. Petersburg, FL 130,000 Mike Malizia (1) Aug 31 St Andrews Classic 2 Port St. Lucie, FL 130,000 Michael McNerney (3) Sep 7 Aqua-Fina Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 130,000 Tim Petrovic (2) Sep 15 HealthSouth Challenge Palm City, FL 130,000 Tim Petrovic (3) Sep 22 HealthSouth Classic Jupiter, FL 130,000 Tim Petrovic (4) Sep 29 Golden Bear Tour Championship Jupiter, FL 275,000 Reid Edstrom (1)===Money list===The money list was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in U.S. dollars.Position Player Prize money ($)1 Tim Petrovic 166,5692 Reid Edstrom 87,8993 Tom Carter 82,4714 Mike Malizia 75,5275 Bobby Collins 73,090" ], [ "2001 season", "===Schedule===The following table lists official events during the 2001 season.", "Date Tournament Location Purse(US$) Winner Jun 8 Aqua-Fina Classic Palm City, FL 120,000 Mike Pearson (1) Jun 14 Waterford Crystal Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 140,000 Dan Stone (2) Jun 21 Canon USA Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 140,000 Kris Maffet (1) Jun 28 Nicklaus Apparel Classic Palm Beach Gardens, FL 140,000 Todd Peluso (1) Jul 12 St Andrews Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 140,000 Chris Thompson (1) Jul 19 Delta Airlines Classic Stuart, FL 140,000 Reid Edstrom (2) Aug 9 Northern Trust Classic Jupiter, FL 140,000 Hiroshi Matsuo (1) Aug 16 Nicklaus Golf Equipment Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 160,000 Reid Edstrom (3) Aug 23 Ahead Classic St. Petersburg, FL 160,000 Dan Stone (3) Aug 31 St Andrews Challenge Jupiter, FL 160,000 Chris Stutts (4) Sep 7 Publix/Aquafina Classic Port St. Lucie, FL 200,000 Brad Ott (1) Sep 21 Publix/Aquafina Challenge Jupiter, FL 200,000 Hiroshi Matsuo (2) Sep 28 Golden Bear Tour Championship Jupiter, FL 250,000 Hiroshi Matsuo (3)===Money list===The money list was based on prize money won during the season, calculated in U.S. dollars.Position Player Prize money ($)1 Hiroshi Matsuo 162,8422 Reid Edstrom 98,7813 Dan Stone 77,8114 Kris Maffet 64,2255 Chris Thompson 59,474" ], [ "Notes" ], [ "References" ], [ "External links", "*" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Venetian ship San Vincenzo" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''San Vincenzo''''' was a large frigate () of the Venetian navy.", "Ordered in 1720 and laid down in 1722 at the Arsenal of Venice, it belonged to the ''Sant'Andrea'' class.", "It entered service in 1730, and was lost due to fire while undergoing repairs at the anchorage at Govino Bay in Corfu, on the night of 11 May 1752.With about 1,500 tons in total displacement, it could be equipped either as a large frigate (with 20 x 30-pounder and 20 x 14-pounder guns) or as a second-rank ship of the line (with 24 x 30-pounder, 24 x 14-pounder , and 8 x 12-pounder guns)." ], [ "References" ], [ "Sources", "* *" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Palazzo Landi, Piacenza" ], [ "Introduction", "Flank of palaceThe '''Palazzo Landi''' is a Renaissance-style palace located on Via dei Consiglio #15 in the historic center of Piacenza, northern Italy." ], [ "History", "The Landi family was a prominent noble family in Piacenza.", "Agostino Landi was granted territories in Borgotaro by the Holy Roman emperor Charles V. But intrigues, including the accusation of being part of the conspiracy against the Farnese in the Sanvitale Conspiracy, led to the expropriation by 1582 of most of their properties.", "This palace has since been owned by the government of Piacenza.The palace was constructed by uniting some medieval houses located on the site.", "It was commissioned by Manfredo Landi, and the architect was Giovanni Battagio.", "The building now has offices of the Council of Justice, then the seat of the Finance Court.", "It is notable for the marble sculpted main portal." ], [ "References" ], [ "External links" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Ibijoke Faborode" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Ibijoke Faborode''' is the co-founder and CEO of Nigerian nonprofit ElectHER." ], [ "Biography", "Faborode was born in Osun State.", "Her father is Micheal Faborode, Vice chancellor at Obafemi Awolowo University.Faborode has a bachelor's degree in History and International Relations from Obafemi Awolowo University, a master's degree in Project Management from École de management de Normandie, and a master's degree in Social Business and Entrepreneurship from The London School of Economics.Faborode has a graduate degree in business.", "She worked for the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office, leading policy, trade and investment relations across West Africa.", "She also managed communication campaigns for governments and brands and worked as the Regional Business Development Manager Sub-Saharan Africa for The Africa Report.After the 2019 Nigerian general election resulted in only four percent of female candidate's election, Faborode founded ElectHER to increase the number of women in government.", "She also spearheaded the first African mobile app for election data analysis." ], [ "Awards", "* 2019: One Young World 2019 Dutch MFA* 2019: Public Service Nominee for The Future Awards Africa* 2022: 100 Women (BBC)* 2023: Global Citizen's 18 global activists to look out for" ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Gallowayella galericulata" ], [ "Introduction", "'''''Gallowayella galericulata''''' is a species of corticolous and lignicolous (bark- and wood-dwelling) lichen in the family Teloschistaceae.", "This species has small, orange, foliose (leafy), loosely adnate thalli that form either compact colonies or spread extensively.", "The of the thallus are typically curved inward, and often form a characteristic helmet- or hood-like shape.", "Found in dry regions of the western United States, it colonises bark and wood, particularly favouring dry twigs of various shrubs and trees." ], [ "Taxonomy", "The species was formally described as a new species in 2006 by the Swedish lichenologist Louise Lindblom.", "The type specimen was collected by Stephen and Sylvia Sharnoff in a sagebrush area south of Boise, Idaho, where it was found growing on ''Artemesia''.", "It is named for its distinctive helmet-shaped lobes.", "Sergey Kondratyuk and colleagues transferred the taxon to the newly circumscribed genus ''Gallowayella'' in 2012." ], [ "Description", "The lichen has a corticolous (bark-dwelling) thallus, foliose in nature and forming small, somewhat erect cushions with a diameter of up to 3 mm.", "The are typically incurved, often with a helmet-like shape due to the presence of apicolous (at the tip) soralia; young lobes are abundant and dissected, becoming truncated or rounded as they mature.", "Its upper surface is orange to dull orange, smooth to shiny, and very rarely shows a light dusting of (a powdery coating).", "The lower surface varies from white to yellow, occasionally eroded by soralia.", "Soralia, containing yellow to greenish yellow , form on the lower side of lobes, often under the mature lobes' helmet-shaped parts.Apothecia (fruiting bodies) have not been observed to occur in this species.", "Pycnidia (asexual reproductive structures producing conidia) are very rare, either immersed or slightly protruding, with conidia that are (rod-shaped), hyaline (translucent), measuring 3–5 by 1–1.5 μm.===Similar species===''Gallowayella galericulata'' is distinguished from other species by its unique soralia placement under helmet-shaped lobe ends and a tendency for lobes to appear almost inflated.", "This species has thicker and more robust thalli compared to ''Gallowayella fulva'', with lobes that vary more in width and do not branch dichotomously.", "''G.", "galericulata'' shares similarities with ''Xanthomendoza oregana'' but differs in its darker orange thallus and exclusively bacilliform conidia." ], [ "Chemistry", "Chemical analysis reveals high concentrations of parietin and teloschistin, with smaller amounts of fallacinal, parietinic acid, and emodin.", "This suite of compounds correspond to A3, indicating a specific secondary metabolite profile." ], [ "Habitat and distribution", "''Gallowayella galericulata'' thrives on both wood and bark, frequently encountered on dry twigs of ''Artemisia'' spp., ''Pseudoacacia'' spp., ''Populus angustifolia'', ''Quercus douglasii'', and ''Sarcobatus'' species.", "Its habitat spans relatively dry areas of the western United States.", "''Gallowayella galericulata'' has a distinct preference for certain tree species, notably ''Populus angustifolia'', driven by the genetically determined characteristics of the tree's bark.", "Research in a controlled garden environment (the Ogden Nature Center) suggests that the genotype of ''Populus angustifolia'' plays a crucial role in the lichen's distribution, with specific factors like bark texture, levels of condensed tannins, and overall tree size being significant.", "This sensitivity to genetic variations within ''Populus angustifolia'' indicates a degree of heritability and suggests that even if the trees do not exert direct selective pressure on lichen coverage, their traits may still indirectly shape the lichen's evolutionary path.Studies conducted in Utah's forested ecosystems have examined the diversity and composition of lichen communities in relation to aspen cover, contrasting them across aspen, non-aspen hardwood, and coniferous environments.", "''Xanthomendoza galericulata'' emerged as an indicator for aspen forests, demonstrating a strong positive correlation with aspen cover, yet showing versatility in colonizing various bark types." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "Modestus Amutse" ], [ "Introduction", "'''Modestus Amutse''' (born 22 July 1967 in Oshikuku, Omusati Region) is a Namibian politician, currently serving as a Deputy Minister of Information, Communication and Technology as of 9 February 2024." ], [ "Career", "Before becoming a politician, Amutse served as a freelance journalist at the Namibia Broadcasting Coorporation (NBC).", "He also served as an Oshikuku Constituency Councilor for 10 years and Chairperson of Omusati Regional Councilor (2015 – 2020) respectively.", "Prior becoming the Deputy Minister of Information and Communication Technology, Amutse is serving as a Member of the National Assembly (2020-2025)." ], [ "Interests", "His legislative interests lies in information communication technology and how it enhance governance.As a parliamentarian, Amutse advocated for proper use of social media and cautioned citizens against the abuse of social media to spread false and malicious information designed to mislead the public.", "One of the notable motion he brought forward in the parliament was the introduction of a framework seeks to provide free wifi access to all Namibians.Amutse is also the author of the book titled: Omithitu nomakuya ga ka nale." ], [ "Education", "Amutse's qualifications range from MBA-ESAMI- 2016; FCIS-ICCSA- 2006; Public Governance (Hons) -2018- ICSA; MA in Communication – IUA -2016." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia
[ [ "1874 Surinamese general election" ], [ "Introduction", "Partial general elections were held in Suriname in March 1874 to elect three of the nine elected members of the Colonial States." ], [ "Electoral system", "The Colonial States consisted of nine elected members and four appointed by the Governor-General.", "Elected members served six-year terms, with three members elected every two years.", "The 1874 elections were to replace the three members elected in 1868, , and .", "However, Carstairs had resigned in 1873 and been replaced by Johannes Cateau van Rosevelt.The elections were held using the two-round system, with suffrage restricted to men meeting certain criteria.", "Voters had multiple votes, and any candidate receiving a number of votes equivalent to over 50% of the valid ballots cast was elected in the first round.", "If not all seats were filled, a second round was held with twice the number of candidates as seats remaining, who were the candidates who received the most votes but failed to be elected in the first round." ], [ "Results", "As there were 125 valid ballots cast, candidates required 63 votes to be elected in the first round.", "All three incumbents were re-elected in the first round." ], [ "Aftermath", "Governor-General reappointed and appointed three new nominated members, , and .The newly elected States met for the first time on 12 May 1874, with Bosch Reitz appointed chairman., who had been elected in 1872 resigned in April, after the elections had taken place.", "His seat was left unfilled until July, when he was replaced by .", ", who had been elected in 1870, died in October 1874 and was replaced by .", "Nominated member Verbeek resigned in January 1875, while fellow nominee Wesenhagen died in March 1875.The two were replaced by and in May.", "In the same month, (elected in 1870) resigned; in June he was replaced by the returning Verbeek.In December 1875 David Baëza died, and was replaced the following month by .", ", elected in 1872, resigned in February 1876 and was replaced by ." ], [ "References" ] ]	wikipedia

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