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[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kenyan President Kenyatta in national day speech stated Our life expectancy [has increased to 67 years currently.\n\nQ1: Did Kenyan President Kenyatta state that Kenya's life expectancy has increased to 67 years currently?\nA1: No its is not true.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Based on answer its said to be not true however the link has 404'd\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Over the last six years, the counties of Kilifi, Kwale, Lamu, Mombasa, Taita Taveta and Tana River, have cumulatively received close to KSh190 billion from the Kenyan national treasury.\n\nQ1: How much has Kilifi received in the past 6 years\nA1: 51.2 billion\n\nQ2: How much has Mombasa received\nA2: 39.74 billion\n\nQ3: How much has Lamu and Kwale received\nA3: Lamuhas received 14.79 billion and Kwale has received 35.75 billion\n\nQ4: How much has Taita Taveta and Tana River received\nA4: Taita Taveta has received 21.54 billion and Tana River has received 26.92 billion", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The answers and source show that the amount is just under 190 billion so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Over the last six years, the Kenyan counties of Kilifi, Kwale, Lamu, Mombasa, Taita Taveta and Tana River, have cumulatively received close to KSh190 billion from the national treasury.\n\nQ1: How much have the counties of of Kilifi, Kwale, Lamu, Mombasa, Taita Taveta and Tana River received collectively from the treasury in 2019\nA1: They have received a cumulative amount of KSh 189.94 billion", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The answer and source show that the amount in the claim is correct so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kenyan life expectancy at independence in 1963 was 35 years.\n\nQ1: Are there official figures for the year mentioned in the claim?\nA1: Yes, the world bank have stated the life expectancy in 1963 was 48.7 years.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The Q&A source verifies that the figures quoted in the claim are refuted. The source is a reliable source of data.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Mombasa is Kenya’s oldest town.\n\nQ1: In the Unesco's world heritage list, what did Kenya say was the oldest town?\nA1: Lamu old town - 340 Kilometers north east of Mombasa.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Evidence confirms that a town called Lamu Old, 340 kilometers north-east of Mombasa, is the oldest town in Kenya and not specifically Mombasa. Hence, the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Over the last six years, the counties of Kilifi, Kwale, Lamu, Mombasa, Taita Taveta and Tana River, have cumulatively received close to KSh190 billion from the national treasury.\n\nQ1: Does the national treasury show how much money was distributed to these counties?\nA1: Yes, the six counties mentioned received KSh190 billion.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Confirmed via national treasury information in QA Pair.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kenyan President Kenyatta in national day speech stated Under this administration … at Kilindini we have more than doubled the volume of cleared cargo passing [through] the port annually.\n\nQ1: How much cargo passed through the port of Mombasa in 2013?\nA1: 25 million deadweight tonnage (DWT) passed through the port.\n\nQ2: How much cargo passed through the port of Mombasa in 2018?\nA2: 28.2 million DWT (an increase of 12%)", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The DWT passed through the port went from 25million in 2013 to 28.2 million in 2018. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Trump has sent 14,000 troops to Middle East since May.\n\nQ1: How many US troops have been sent to the middle east between May 2019 and october 2019 ?\nA1: about 14,000", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The answer shows that Trump did send that amount of troops so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Life expectancy in Kenya was 35 years in 1963 - the year Kenya became independent from Britain.\n\nQ1: What was the life expectancy of males in Kenya in 1963\nA1: 53.22712719\n\nQ2: What the life expectancy for females in Kenya in 1963\nA2: 55.81367154", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The 1st Q&A pair gives two differing figures for life expectancy in Kenya in 1093 (53, and 48) and for males only, However neither one matches the claim figure, \nQ&A pair two also only gives a number for 1 sex (females) which answer shows as 55 does not match the claim either (35 is shown in claim).\nEven when the figures shown are averaged they are not close to the claim figure of 35. And so the claim is wrong.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Mombasa is Kenya’s oldest town.\n\nQ1: What is the oldest town in Kenya\nA1: Lamu is the oldest surviving Swahili town in East Africa and the only coastal settlement to retain its original character.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The answer and source show that the oldest town is not Mombasa so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Kenyan President Kenyatta in national day speech stated Over the last six years, the counties of Kilifi, Kwale, Lamu, Mombasa, Taita Taveta and Tana River, have cumulatively received close to KSh190 billion from the national treasury.\n\nQ1: what was the total allocation for county governments in regards to the county allocation of revenue act 2018\nA1: 372,741,930,770.000\n\nQ2: How much did the 6 nations listed in the claim receive over the last 6 years?\nA2: 189.94 Billion KSH \n\nCumulative payments to 6 counties between 2013/14 and 2018/19 (KSh billions)\nCounty\t2013/14\t2014/15\t2015/16\t2016/17\t2017/18\t2018/19\tTotal\nMombasa\t4.29\t4.81\t5.86\t6.46\t8.97\t9.35\t39.74\nLamu\t1.51\t1.8\t2.17\t2.51\t2.76\t4.04\t14.79\nKwale\t3.79\t4.53\t5.41\t5.99\t7.78\t8.25\t35.75\nKilifi\t5.51\t6.57\t7.84\t8.56\t10.65\t12.07\t51.2\nTaita Taveta\t2.44\t2.92\t3.49\t3.84\t4.26\t4.59\t21.54\nTana River\t2.92\t3.5\t4.14\t4.63\t5.71\t6.02\t26.92\nTotal\t20.46\t24.13\t28.91\t31.99\t40.13\t44.32\t189.94", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The figures match those given in the Q&A.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: “Under this administration … at Kilindini we have more than doubled the volume of cleared cargo passing [through] the port annually\n\nQ1: What was the ports agency's finicial year report for 2014/2015\nA1: The port agency’s annual 2014/15 report shows that in the 2013/14 financial year, which started in July 2013, some 25 million deadweight tonnage (DWT) passed through the port. This is a widely used measure of a ship’s carrying capacity.\n\nQ2: What is Kilindini as referred to in the claim?\nA2: Kilindini Harbour is the main part of the Port of Mombasa,\n\nQ3: When was Kenyatta sworn into office ?\nA3: In April 2013\n\nQ4: what is the claims date?\nA4: 20th October 2019.\n\nQ5: How much cargo was going through the port around 2013?\nA5: The port agency’s annual report shows that in the 2013/14 financial year, which started in July 2013, some 25 million deadweight tonnage (DWT) passed through the port\n\nQ6: How much cargo went through the port in 2019?\nA6: The port manager’s most recent publicly available report shows that in 2016/17, this had climbed to 28.2 million DWT, an increase of 12%.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: From the evidence, it was found that in 2013, 25 million deadweight tons (DWT) passed through the port, and in 2019, this had climbed to 28.2 million DWT. Therefore, cargo did not more than double in volume.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: German TV said there were 2.2 million people at the People’s Vote march on Saturday 19 October.\n\nQ1: Which German TV channels reported on the October 2019 People's Vote march?\nA1: Tagesschau\nn-tv\nDeutsche Welle\nZDF\nWelt\n\nQ2: What did Teagesschau report on the 2019 People's Vote march?\nA2: Hundreds of thousands of people marched to Parliament in London with EU flags and banners.\n\nQ3: What did Deutshe Welle report on the 2019 People's Vote march?\nA3: Tens of thousands of protesters on Saturday marched towards the UK Houses of Parliament demanding a new referendum on whether Britain should leave the European Union.\n\nQ4: What did Welt report on the 2019 People's Vote march?\nA4: Thousands of Brexit opponents demonstrated in London during the vote in Parliament to remain in the EU.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: We’ve seen no evidence any German TV station said this. All the reporting we’ve seen from German TV and other news media outlets put the number in the tens or hundreds of thousands.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: President Donald Trump has endorsed a supposed “Congressional Reform Act of 2017''.\n\nQ1: What is the Congressional Reform Act 2017?\nA1: There is no such Act in the official record at congress.gov.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: True, Should have mentioned Donald Trump in this claim\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In 2008 the US Congress gave Wall Street trillions of dollars of zero interest loans.\n\nQ1: What happened in the US in 2007/8?\nA1: The Great Recession.\nBank loans were going sour. Bank stock prices were in free fall. Big-name firms were outright failing or on the brink.\n\nAs the housing bubble popped and the most severe financial crisis since the Great Depression tightened its grip on the US economy, the situation swiftly became an all-hands-on-deck state of affairs for the Federal Reserve, which supervises bank holding companies and state member banks to ensure they're safe and sound.\n\nQ2: What is this claim based on?\nA2: Federal Reserve's 'astounding' report: We loaned banks trillions\nThe Federal Reserve offers details on the loans it gave to banks and others at the height of the financial crisis. One program alone doled out nearly $9 trillion.\n\nQ3: What did the Federal Bank do to combat the Great Recession?\nA3: The emergency liquidity programs that the Federal Reserve set up provided secured and mostly short-term loans.\nThe Federal Reserve also provided credit to several systemically important financial institutions. These actions were taken to avoid the disorderly failure of these institutions and the potential catastrophic consequences for the U.S. financial system and economy. All extensions of credit were fully secured and are in the process of being fully repaid.\nFinally, the Federal Reserve provided economic stimulus by lowering interest rates. Over the course of the crisis, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) reduced its target for the federal funds rate to a range of 0 to 1/4 percent.\n\nQ4: Were the interest rates zero?\nA4: No, because Interest rates were very low, but not at zero.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Intreset rate were low but not St zero \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Pricking a needle on the fingertips of a stroke victim can save their life as they will gain consciousness in some time.\n\nQ1: What are immediate actions to take when one has a stroke\nA1: Call 911 immediately\nNote the time you first see symptoms\nPerform CPR, if necessary\n\nQ2: Can pricking the fingertips with a needle save the life of a stroke victim\nA2: For every minute that passes, one million nerve cells are dying in the brain during a sudden stroke attack to the brain. We know that the sooner you get to a relevant healthcare facility the better the outcome, as the treatment we can provide can only be given within the first few hours of the stroke.”\n\nThe needle technique recommended in the post could be harmful in itself, Dr. Sokhi warned.\n\n“The pain experienced by injuring these most sensitive parts of the body might cause the patient’s blood pressure to rise and worsen the stroke.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Answer suggests it could actually be harmful\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Once a stroke victim's mouth is crooked, you should pull their the ears until they are red and prick them until they bleed. This technique will stop capillaries in the victim’s brain from bursting.\n\nQ1: How can you save someone if they are having a stroke?\nA1: If you're experiencing any symptom of a stroke, which is you feel your face or somebody notices your face is dripping, if you can't raise your arm or put your arm up and it starts to drift down or your speech is slurred or jumbled words are coming out of your mouth, call 911 immediately.\n\nQ2: Can pricking earlobes help someone if they are having a stroke?\nA2: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: If this was a method, it would be documented on the official website used for the other info, and it isn't.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Tote bags made from cotton harm the environment\n\nQ1: What is the source used for this claim ?\nA1: Denmark’s Ministry of Environment and Food, based on a 2018 government study\n\nQ2: What does the study statistics show us about the use of cotton totes ?\nA2: The study found that it takes about 20,000 uses of an organic cotton bag to have the same environmental impact of using a plastic bag\n\nOrganic cotton bags: Reuse for grocery shopping at least 149 times for climate change, at\nleast 20000 times considering all indicators; reuse as waste bin bag if possible, otherwise\nincinerate.\n\nQ3: What are the disadvantages of using plastic bags vs cotton bags?\nA3: Plastic bags are mostly made of non-sustainable materials. Their production has a big carbon footprint and pollute soils and water. Plastic never disappear, it spread into small pieces that pollutes the ocean and lands. These microbeads have a direct impact on our health as the enter the food chain.\n\n6- Do not forget that plastic bags are almost never recycled. The cost of their recycling is higher than their value, that is why the usually end in waste incinerators, landfills or in the sea.\n\nQ4: Does the report show that a cotton bag can be used 20000 times before it has the same impact as a plastic bag?\nA4: No. The report shows that a cotton bag must be used 20000 times to have the SAME impact as a plastic bag. This is a negative thing. It is because of the resources (water and power) used to make the cotton bag.\n\nQ5: Do tote bags made from cotton harm the environment?\nA5: The claim does not ask for comparison against plastic bags. It asks if cotton bags harm the environment. The answer is yes. Quite simply, any manufacturing process harms the environment - so the claim is supported because no comparison is required.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The fifth Q&A show that any manufacturing process damages the environment in some way so the claim is supported.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Asaduddin Owaisi, president of All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM)\ndanced at an election rally to celebrate the murder of Hindu Samaj leader, Kamlesh Tiwari.\n\nQ1: What was the date that Owaisi, president of All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM) was filmed dancing at an election rally?\nA1: The video of Owaisi, president of All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM) dancing was filmed on October 17, 2019.\n\nQ2: What date was Hindu Samaj leader, Kamlesh Tiwari. found murdered?\nA2: Tiwari was found murdered inside his house in Lucknow on October 18, 2019.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Asaduddin Owaisi, President of the All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen (AIMIM), danced on October 17, 2019, while Hindu Samaj leader Kamlesh Tiwari was killed on October 18, 2019. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Donald Trump stated \"Make no mistake: They’re not after me. They are after you; your guns, your Christian values, your freedom. I’m just in their way.\"\n\nQ1: Has Trump ever been recorded saying that Democrats were after the guns, Christian values and freedom of Americans and not him specifically\nA1: In his speech at the Values Voter Summit where the claim was taken from what he said was, \"On every front, the ultra-left is waging war on the values shared by everyone in this room. They are trying to silence and punish the speech of Christians and religious believers of all faiths.\"", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Quote does not match what was said.(excludes - not after me)\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Late US advice columnist Ann Landers was the originator of the quote: \"At age 20, we worry about what others think of us. At age 40, we don’t care what they think. At age 60, we discover that they have not been thinking of us at all.\"\n\nQ1: Is there a list of quotes on aging from Ann Landers on here official website?\nA1: No, because There is no mention of it amongst her quotes.\n\nQ2: Did Landers ever say this in her column?\nA2: In the Chicago tribune, answering to a fans question\n\nGem of the Day: At 20, we worry about what others think of us. At 40, we don`t care what they think of us. At 60, we discover that they haven`t been thinking of us at all.\n\nQ3: Has the quote ever been accredited to anyone else before Landers?\nA3: The saying above was very similar to the statement published in 1934, and QI believes Will Rogers was responsible for both. The line from the script may have leaked before the film was completed and exhibited.\n\nIn March 1935 The Bee of Danville, Virginia printed the line and credited Rogers:[5]\n\nQ4: Did Ann Landers say \"At age 20, we worry about what others think of us. At age 40, we don’t care what they think. At age 60, we discover that they have not been thinking of us at all.\"?\nA4: No, because She did say \"Many who write are panic-stricken at the thought of leaving their 20s behind. More are terrified at the prospect of the Big 40. … For many, the fortieth birthday is a traumatic experience.\"\n\nQ5: Where did Landers say \"Many who write are panic-stricken at the thought of leaving their 20s behind. More are terrified at the prospect of the Big 40. … For many, the fortieth birthday is a traumatic experience.\"?\nA5: In a chapter about aging in her 1961 book, \"Since You Asked Me", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Correct quote stated in QA pairs.\n\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Former Vice President Joe Biden was among the poorest men in government.\n\nQ1: What was Joe Biden's net worth when he first entered Congress as a senator in 1973?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: Is Joe Biden from a working-class background?\nA2: Joe Biden has working-class roots. However, in 1955, when he was 13 years old, the family moved to Mayfield, Delaware - a rapidly growing middle-class community sustained primarily by the nearby DuPont Chemical Company.\n\nQ3: What is the latest data on Joe Biden's net worth compared to other officials?\nA3: Joe Biden ranks near the bottom, at No. 501 out of 505 officials in 2014. 505, being the lowest rank.\n\nQ4: What was Joe Biden's estimated net worth in 2014?\nA4: -$947,987\n\nQ5: What was Joe Biden's net worth in 2016?\nA5: Net worth in 2016: $500,000\n\nQ6: What was Joe Biden's net worth in 2019?\nA6: As of July 2019, Joe Biden's net worth is between $2.14 million and $7.92 million.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The 2nd q&a pair do state that joe Biden was from a working class background when young, But also that he moved to a middle class neighbourhood whilst young, and as such conflicting the statement a little that he was one of the poorest people in government when he entered into that line of 'work'\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: India’s HDFC Bank is not liable to take responsibility for deposits over one lakh rupees per account holder.\n\nQ1: Does the HDFC Bank only cover upto one lakh rupees (100,000)?\nA1: It is true that deposits up to Rs 1 lakh are insured with banks. However, this is only in case a bank fails\n\nQ2: Is there a way to cover any additional funds in case the bank fails?\nA2: Deposit insurance - Banks have to incorporate information about ‘deposit insurance cover’ along with the limit of coverage ...\nDeposit insurance protects the depositors from losing their money in full. It ensures part recovery. So in case of a bank failure, a depositor doesn’t lose all their money.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The 1st Q&A pair states that the claim is right about up to one lakh being covered by the HDFC, however it states any amount over that is not covered, and Q&A 2 state this is not correct as banks offer insurance cover for amounts over if requested by a customer so cherrypicking chosen as it is not an automatic cover as is a separate policy chosen by a customer.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Annual income for the typical household is up by an inflation-adjusted $5,000 since Donald Trump took office.\n\nQ1: How much has the typical annual households income increased since Donald Trump took office?\nA1: $1,400 (after adjusting for inflation) or 2.3%\n\nQ2: was the metrics for calculting census changed since Trump got to office\nA2: there was a change of census survey in 2014", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Q&A 1 only states that household income was 1.400 not the 5.000 as claimed, However it does not mention if this figure is inflation adjusted, as is the figure used in the claim so more evidence of how the figure mounts up using inflation is needed.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: You need a toll receipt during any medical emergency, flat tyre, or in need of fuel, where you can call the phone number given on the other side of the toll receipt for assistance.\n\nQ1: Do you need a toll receipt to receive emergency assistance on National Highways?\nA1: No, because You get 24/7 Unique Toll Free Helpline “1033” for road users on National Highways.\n\nQ2: Do toll receipts in India come with benefits?\nA2: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The question clearly asks if a toll receipt is needed to receive emergency assistance on National Highways and the answer is clear that you do not, plus there is a free helpine 24/7 on National Highways.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: \"For people making between $50,000 and $75,000 a year, their taxes are going up about $5,000 because the fact is, they will pay more in new taxes\"\n\nQ1: How is Medicare for All proposed to be financed\nA1: It is going to be tax financed\n\nQ2: What will the increase of taxes be for middle class families in the Medicare for All Bill\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: What finance methods have been proposed by Sen Bernie Sanders\nA3: Sanders’ office outlined potential methods to finance the system. Those include income-based premiums paid by employees and employers, hiking the marginal tax rate to up to 70 percent on people making $10 million or more, raising the estate tax and putting a “fee on large financial institutions.”", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Although there seems to be proposed price hike for high earners it is not clear if this would affect those making between $50,000 and $75,000 a year. The evidence does not provide information on the $5,000 tax figure.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Flu shots contain Hydrocortisone which may cause bone weakness adrenal fatigue, weight gain and diabetes.\n\nQ1: Do flu shots contain hydrocortisone?\nA1: Yes, because Two flu vaccines may contain traces/residue of hydrocortisone during the manufacturing process.\n\nQ2: What is hydrocortisone commonly used for?\nA2: Hydrocortisone creams are used on the skin to treat swelling, itching and irritation. They can help with skin problems such as:\n\neczema\npsoriasis\ncontact dermatitis\nprickly heat rash\ninsect bites and stings\nnappy rash\n\nQ3: Does hydrocortisone cause bone weakness, adrenal problems, weight gain and diabetes?\nA3: Yes, because Long-term use of hydrocortisone tablets may cause diabetes problems, weight gain, adrenal issues, bone weakness, and other negative effects.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The amount of Hydrocortisone in the flu shots are in minute quantities and not enough to cause the problems stated in the claim \n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Flu shots contain Formaldehyde which is a known human carcinogen and has been known to cause infertility and hormone imbalance.\n\nQ1: Do flu shots contain Formaldehyde?\nA1: Formaldehyde may be present to inactivate bacterial products for toxoid vaccines. This also kills viruses and bacteria that may contaminate the vaccine during production and storage.\n\nQ2: What is formaldehyde used for?\nA2: Formaldehyde is a chemical also used in the production of killed vaccines. It's used very early in the manufacturing process to kill or inactivate the toxins from bacteria or viruses.\n\nQ3: How much formaldehyde is usually found in vaccines?\nA3: As part of the manufacturing process, some residual formaldehyde can remain behind in vaccines at levels less than or equal to 0.02%.\n\nQ4: What side-effects can formaldehyde cause?\nA4: Formaldehyde, a colorless, pungent-smelling gas, can cause watery eyes, burning sensations in the eyes and throat, nausea, and difficulty in breathing in some humans exposed at elevated levels (above 0.1 parts per million). High concentrations may trigger attacks in people with asthma. There is evidence that some people can develop a sensitivity to formaldehyde. It has also been shown to cause cancer in animals and may cause cancer in humans. Health effects include eye, nose, and throat irritation; wheezing and coughing; fatigue; skin rash; severe allergic reactions. May cause cancer. May also cause other effects listed under \"organic gases.\"\n\nQ5: Can formaldehyde affect fertility and hormonal imbalance?\nA5: There have been studies on how Formaldehyde can affect fertility - but they are focused on people who work with the chemical in higher concentrations.\n\nQ6: Can traces of formaldehyde in vaccines cause health concerns?\nA6: Although formaldehyde can be harmful in high concentrations, there are no health concerns about the small amounts found in vaccines.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The claim is cherry picking as formaldehyde is in vaccines but at a very small dose which would not harm anyone.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Eric Trump claims that the Trumps' no longer profit from foreign deals\n\nQ1: Did Eric Trump say that the Trumps' no longer profit from foreign deals?\nA1: No, because Donald Trump Jr. said this,", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: From the QA it seems that the claim is refuted\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Flu shots contain Thimerosal which may have neurological effect and cause development deficits and has been known to cause seizures.\n\nQ1: can the polysorbate in vaccine affect fetility\nA1: there’s no good evidence to show that the amount of polysorbate 80 found in vaccines can affect fertility", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: there is only one question answer pair and it is unrelated to the question, there is not enough evidence here to confirm or deny the claim. \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Flu shots contain polysorbate 80, which has been linked to ovarian damage and infertility. It could induce liver failure.\n\nQ1: Do any UK flu vaccines contain polysorbate 80?\nA1: Yes, because Fluad\n\nQ2: Why is there an adjuvant in vaccines?\nA2: It helps promote a better immune response. Adjuvants also reduce the amount of virus needed for production of a vaccine, which can allow for greater supplies of vaccine to be manufactured.\n\nQ3: Are there concerns about polysorbate 80's affect on fertility?\nA3: they raise concerns about Polysorbate 80 and its relationship with infertility. They state that up to the age of 12, children receive a combined 0.8 mg of Polysorbate 80 administered through the Australian childhood vaccination schedule. This figure should not be considered a cause for concern, as 0.8 mg of Polysorbate 80 (the cumulative dose over 12 years) is >90 000 times lower than the acute exposure dose (based on rat intravenous LD50 of 1790 mg/kg5) for a 41 kg 12-year-old girl or >6700 times lower for a 3 kg infant. The animal study,6 cited by Little and Ward, examining Polysorbate 80 toxicity on neonatal rats (over 4 days) gave doses equivalent to 550–5500 times higher than the entire exposure a human child gets by the age of 12.\n\nQ4: Has any evidence been shown for a link between polysorbate 80 and infertility?\nA4: 1 critic (Little and Ward ) cites case reports of a combined total of only six cases, including their own report of three cases\n\nQ5: Do the critics offer indisputable evidence for this claim?\nA5: it is acknowledged that fertility can be affected by a wide range of factors", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: It looks as though some flu vaccines do contain polysorbate 80, although there have been concerns about polysorbate 80 and its relationship with infertility. It doesn't look as though there has been much research or reporting done on the links. Except for one report, which saw a total of six cases? There is also no information on whether polysorbate 80 can induce liver failure. Therefore, this leaves an aspect of the claim neither supported nor refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Americans prefer giving people under 65 an option to join Medicare as opposed to requiring them to give up their current coverage.\n\nQ1: Are there any recent polls on American health policy?\nA1: Yes, because But most of the recent polls have a wide variation in how questions are worded.\n\nQ2: What percentage of Americans prefer giving people under 65 an option to join Medicare as opposed to requiring them to give up their current coverage?\nA2: 73%", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: A high preference of 73% Americans are for people under 65 an option to join Medicare as opposed to requiring them to give up their current coverage. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: A twitter account @Polytikle changed their account name to Abhikit Banerjee in an attempt to parody the real Abhikit Banerjee, Nobel Prize Winner.\n\nQ1: Did a Twitter account under the account name @Polytikle change its name to Abhikit Banerjee in an attempt to parody the real Abhikit Banerjee, Nobel Prize Winner?\nA1: Yes, because The Twitter account with the user handle (@Polytikle) changed it's account display name to Abhijt Banerjee and started impersonating the economist from it's previous display name 'Not That Swaraj'.\n\nThe handle name (@Polytikle) remained the same which helps confirm both are the same account. The account had over 6500 followers at the time of writing this story. Additionally, the account changed its profile picture to Abhijit Banerjee's image used in The Noble Prize's tweet and replaced the word 'Parody' in it's profile to 'Economist'.\n\nQ2: is it possible to change twitter user name\nA2: Yes, because according to twitter rule, it is possible for a user to change the user name and display name of a twitter account", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: According to twitter rule, it is possible for a user to change the user name and display name of a twitter account. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Union Jack flags in London have replaced EU flags outside parliament ahead of the opening of parliament by the Queen.\n\nQ1: Were EU flags flown outside Parliament in 2019?\nA1: The EU flag is not flown in Westminster or Whitehall", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: were never flown in first place.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: $53 million a week is coming across the Mexico/US border in drugs\n\nQ1: What is the worth of drugs that come into the US from the Mexico/US border in 2019\nA1: $1,148,024\n\nQ2: From the amount seized in FY2019 how much crossed the border in a week\nA2: $22,077", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The answers and sources show that the amount is a lot less that 53 million a week so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Tamil Nadu (1776), Andhra Pradesh (1437) and Kerala (1205) had the highest farm-labourer suicides for the 2014-16 period.\n\nQ1: Which states actually have the highest suicide rates in the 2014-16 period?\nA1: Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh\n\nQ2: Was this claim made from authentic data\nA2: No, because At that time data for 2016 hasn't been released", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Q1 source does not link to the answer provided, therefore I am unable to verify whether this is true or not. However, for Q2 it does look as though data for 2016 is yet to be released. \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There has been a reduction in Right to Information (RTI) applications filed in the last few years leading upto 2019.\n\nQ1: Have Right to Information applications declined in the years leading upto 2019?\nA1: Dr. Jitendra Singh said that under Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi, the government had further strengthened the cause of transparency and accountability by creating an online portal for RTI, which did not exist previously. He said that the proactive increase in transparency in the last five years has led to a reduction in the need for RTI.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The answer supports the claim in a positive way explaining why there was a reduction.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Rapper Kurtis Blow is In Critical Condition After Emergency Heart Surgery\n\nQ1: How is rapper Kurtis Blow after his heart surgery\nA1: He acknowledged that he was recovering nicely and had started physical therapy", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Seems that the rapper is in good condition, therefore the claim is refuted \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: AOC Said Children Should Be Raised By The State.\n\nQ1: What website did the claim appear on?\nA1: Taters Gonna Tate\n\nQ2: Is Taters Gonna Tate a satire news site?\nA2: Tatersgonnatate.com is a subsidiary of the “America’s Last Line of Defense” network of parody, satire, and tomfoolery, or as Snopes called it before they lost their war on satire: Junk News.\n\nQ3: What does the about page on Taters gonna hate say about the site?\nA3: Everything on this website is fiction. It is not a lie and it is not fake news because it is not real. If you believe that it is real, you should have your head examined. Any similarities between this site’s pure fantasy and actual people, places, and events are purely coincidental and all images should be considered altered and satirical. See above if you’re still having an issue with that satire thing.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The news website that made the claim has been confirmed to be satirical. Hence, the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Every week, at least 12 doctors leave Nigeria to seek employment in the UK.\n\nQ1: How many New Nigerian doctors seek employment in the UK each week?\nA1: At least 12 Nigerian doctors employed in the UK every week", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Answer matches question exactly.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: One in four Nigerians are suffering from some sort of mental illness.\n\nQ1: How many Nigerians are suffering from some sort of mental illness?\nA1: With a population of 181 million, it is estimated that as much as 30 percent of the population suffers from a mental illness. This means that more than 54 million people are dealing with mental illness with little to no help.\n\nQ2: Has there been a sample conducted on Nigerians who had mental illness in their lifetime?\nA2: Yes, because It found one in eight Nigerians in a sample of 6,667 people (over the age of 18) had mental illness in their lifetime in 2004.\n\nQ3: Has there been a recent survey on Nigerians who had mental illness in their lifetime?\nA3: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: There is not a big enough recent study to tell. \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has an estimated physician-patient ratio of one doctor to every 4,000 to 5,000 patients.\n\nQ1: How many doctors are in Nigeria\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: What is the present population of Nigeria\nA2: 206.14 Million", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: There's no data on the number of physicians in Nigeria and therefore the ratio can't be proven.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There are only eight neuropsychiatric hospitals in Nigeria.\n\nQ1: How many federal neuropsychiatric hospitals are there in Nigeria?\nA1: There are eight federal neuropsychiatric hospitals in Nigeria.\n\nQ2: Are there any other neuropsychiatric hospitals in Nigeria?\nA2: Yes, because There are many state-run facilities and hospitals which offer psychiatric services.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The evidence shows that there are more than eight neuropsychiatric hospitals in Nigeria\n\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: One in four Nigerians are suffering from some sort of mental illness.\n\nQ1: Is there an exact ratio on the number of Nigerians that are suffering from some sort of mental illness?\nA1: A lot of people are suffering from mental health issues. We have challenges of poor identification, late recognition and therefore, limited funding. The result of it is that a lot of people who have mental issues suffer on their own, people don’t understand they are not feeling well\n\nQ2: What is the percentage of Nigerians that are suffering from some sort of mental illness ?\nA2: With a population of 181 million, it is estimated that as much as 30 percent of the population suffers from a mental illness. This means that more than 54 million people are dealing with mental illness with little to no help. In comparison, the Center for Disease Control estimates that 54 million is the same number of people who are diagnosed with arthritis in the United States.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The actual claim of 1 in 4 is not addressed in the source so I would need to see proof of that actual number rather than a percentage to support the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 134ft Anaconda snake found in the Amazon has killed 257 human beings and 2325 animals.\n\nQ1: Did a snake 134ft snake kill 257 Humans and 2325 animals?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: what is the longest Anaconda snake ever recorded?\nA2: 30ft", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: There is no evidence that such a snake ever existed\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: One in four Nigerians are suffering from some sort of mental illness.\n\nQ1: When was the last mental health survey carried out in Nigeria?\nA1: 2004\nTitled Prevalence, Severity, and Unmet Need for Treatment of Mental Disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys,\n\nQ2: In this study how many Nigerians were found to have mental illness?\nA2: 1 in 8\n\nQ3: Have any later studies been carried about in Nigeria regarding mental health?\nA3: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The source evidence in the Q&A does not offer any up to date evidence to verify the claim. The survey referenced is dated 2004, 15 years before the claim date.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There are less than 150 psychiatrists in this country of 200 million.\n\nQ1: How many psychiatrists are registered in Nigeria?\nA1: 250", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: According to the Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria, there are 250 psychiatrists registered to it, and 200 psychiatry trainees. All psychiatrists working in Nigeria must also be listed with the association, secretary-general Joyce Omoaregba told Africa Check. Despite some Nigerian psychiatrists moving to other countries, their estimate still holds, he said.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Yaba Psychiatric Hospital, located in Nigeria had a 2018 budget of N133 million (US$372,000) – but only N13 million ($36,000), or less than 10% of that amount, was released by the federal government.\n\nQ1: Where is Yaba Psychiatric Hospital?\nA1: in Lagos, Nigeria. The hospital is also known as the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital\n\nQ2: How much was Yaba hospital allocated in 2018?\nA2: N3.3 Billion\n\nQ3: How much eventually reached the hospital?\nA3: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: From the question and answer pairs it is not possible to answer the 2nd part of the claim- how much money was released. Therefore the label is not enough evidence\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has an estimated physician-patient ratio of one doctor to every 4,000 to 5,000 patients.\n\nQ1: How many doctor's are there in Nigeria?\nA1: According to the president of Nigeria Medical Association there are 40,000 doctors in Nigeria.\n\nQ2: What is the population of Nigeria?\nA2: In 2019 the population was 200,963,599\n\nQ3: What is the doctor-patient ration in Nigeria?\nA3: According to the president of Nigeria Medical Association, there were 40,000 doctors were taking care of 200 million people. This would give a ratio of 1:4800/1:5000", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The president of the National Medical Association said the ratio was 1:4800/1:5000\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has Africa's highest rate of depression.\n\nQ1: What is the depression rate in Nigeria according to the WHO study\nA1: 3.9%\n\nQ2: Are there other countries with higher depression rates that 3.9%\nA2: Cape Verde with 4.9% and Lesotho with 4.8% among others", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: From the evidence below, it looks like Nigeria is not Africa's highest rated country for depression (3.9%). This is seen with Cape Verde with 4.9% and Lesotho with 4.8% among others.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Every week, at least 12 doctors leave Nigeria to seek employment in the UK.\n\nQ1: When was the claim made\nA1: 10/10/2019\n\nQ2: How many Nigerian trained Doctors were registered in the UK in 2017\nA2: About 5,514 Nigerian doctors are presently working in United Kingdom (UK)", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: From the question and answer pair there is not enough information to estimate the number of doctors that seek employment in the UK, therefore the label is not enough evidence\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria ranks fifth in the world in the frequency of suicide.\n\nQ1: What is the age-standardised suicide rate in Nigeria per 100,000 people, in 2016?\nA1: 17.3 per 100,000 people.\n\nQ2: Where does this place Nigeria in the world suicide rates?\nA2: 15th in the world\n\nQ3: Who has the highest suicide rate in the world?\nA3: The South American country Guyana has the highest frequency of suicide in the world, at 30.2 suicides per 100,000 people.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The 2nd answer and source show that the country is 15th in the world not 5th so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: By 2018, Nigeria had allocated just 3.95% of its budget to funding its ministry of health.\n\nQ1: How much was the NIgerian 2018 budget?\nA1: N9.12 trillion\n\nQ2: How much of this budget was allocated to funding the ministry of health?\nA2: N356.45 billion\n\nQ3: What percentage of the budget is this?\nA3: This works out to 3.91% of the allocated budget", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Although the third answer says 3.91% I'll assume some rounding differences in the underlying figures and judge it close enough to support the claim. \nAlso the wording of the claim seems to be making the point that 3.95% is a low amount, so the evidence pointing to 3.91% does not undermine the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Every week, at least 12 doctors leave Nigeria to seek employment in the UK.\n\nQ1: When was the claim made\nA1: 10/10/2019\n\nQ2: How many Nigerian doctors were registered in the UK in April 2018\nA2: 5,250 Nigerian doctors (as at 25 April 2018)\n\nQ3: How many Nigerian doctors were registered in the UK in 2019\nA3: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The lack of numbers for 2019 makes it impossible to judge the rate of increase/decrease.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Yaba Psychiatric Hospital had a 2018 budget of N133 million (US$372,000) – but only N13 million ($36,000), or less than 10% of that amount, was released by the federal government.\n\nQ1: What was the budget for Yaba Psychiatric Hospital in 2018\nA1: According to the 2018 appropriation bill released by the national assembly, Yaba Psychiatric Hospital in Lagos was allocated N3.3 billion, or $10.7 million at the official exchange rate. (Note: The hospital is also known as the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital.)\n\nAnother N134 million was set aside for ongoing construction and other projects.\n\nQ2: How much eventually reached the hospital?\nA2: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Amount received not confirmed.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria ranks fifth in the world in the frequency of suicide.\n\nQ1: Where does Nigeria place in world rank for suicide rate?\nA1: Nigeria is currently top in Africa with suicide rate and ranks 15th in the world.\n\nQ2: When was the claim Nigeria ranks 5th in worldwide suicide rate made?\nA2: 2019\n\nQ3: When is the most recent data on suicide rates in Nigeria from?\nA3: 2016\n\nQ4: Who made the claim Nigeria ranks 5th in worldwide suicide rates?\nA4: Al Jazeera Media Network\n\nQ5: Has the Al Jazeera Media Network issued any updates to its story about suicide rates in Nigeria?\nA5: Yes, because It issued that the previous version of their article misstated that Nigeria ranks \"fifth\" in the world in the frequency of suicide (it ranks 15th).", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The most recent data shows Nigeria 15th and the source of the claim, Al Jazeera, acknowledged this.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There are less than 150 psychiatrists in this country of 200 million.\n\nQ1: How many Psychiatrists are registered to the Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria\nA1: 250\n\nQ2: How many Psychiatry trainees are registered in Nigeria\nA2: 200", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Although conflicting numbers, both are more than the amount claimed.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has Africa's highest rate of depression.\n\nQ1: Which countries in Africa have the highest rate of depression?\nA1: The top five countries in Africa with the highest rate of depression are: \n\nCape Verde (4.9%) Lesotho (4.8%), Botswana (4.7%), Ethiopia (4.7%) \nSouth Africa (4.6%)\n\nQ2: What is Nigeria's depression rate?\nA2: 3.9%", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Seems from the first QA that there are more countries that have this rate of depression. Therefore the claimis refuted\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Congressional benefits include 67 paid holidays, three weeks paid vacation, unlimited paid sick days.\n\nQ1: What was the holiday schedule for federal workers in 2021\nA1: Date\tHoliday\nFriday, January 1\tNew Year’s Day\nMonday, January 18\tBirthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.\nWednesday, January 20\tInauguration Day\nMonday, February 15\tWashington’s Birthday\nMonday, May 31\tMemorial Day\nFriday, June 18\tJuneteenth National Independence Day\nMonday, July 5\tIndependence Day\nMonday, September 6\tLabor Day\nMonday, October 11\tColumbus Day\nThursday, November 11\tVeterans Day\nThursday, November 25\tThanksgiving Day\nFriday, December 24***\tChristmas Day\n\nQ2: Are there vacation days for congress workers in the US\nA2: America is the only advanced country that does not guarantee the rest of its workers the same benefit", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The source clearly states that the holiday schedule for federal workers is not up to 67. Hence this claim is false. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: WHO estimates that fewer than 10% of mentally ill Nigerians have access to the care they need.\n\nQ1: Where was it published that WHO estimated that fewer than 10% of mentally ill Nigerians have access to the care they need?\nA1: This was published from statistics in an Article in JAMA The Journal of the American Medical Association dated July 2004.\n\nQ2: What were the findings in this survey?\nA2: The proportion of respondents who received health care treatment for emotional or substance-use problems during the 12 months before the WMH\ninterview varies widely across surveys\n(TABLE 5), from a low of 0.8% in Nigeria to a high of 15.3% in the United\nStates.\n\nQ3: What is Nigeria classified as in the 2004 WHO Survey?\nA3: Six countries are classified by the World Bank as less developed\n(China, Colombia, Lebanon, Mexico,\nNigeria, and Ukraine)\n\nQ4: What is the date of the claim?\nA4: 10/10/2019, 15 years following the publication of the WHO survey cited in the claim.\n\nQ5: What did Human Rights Watch report in an article dated November 11, 2019?\nA5: Nigeria has fewer than 300 psychiatrists for an estimated population of over 200 million.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: It seems from the 2nd QA that the numbers are quite accurate with the the claims, therefore the label is supported\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The Amazon river is in Africa\n\nQ1: Where is the Amazon river?\nA1: The Amazon River located in South America is the world’s second longest river.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Location of Amazon river is South America as per QA pair answer.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria ranks fifth in the world in the frequency of suicide.\n\nQ1: What is the most recent data showing suicide rates by country?\nA1: 2016.\n\nQ2: What is the data for Nigeria?\nA2: 17.5 suicides per 100,000 people in 2016. This places the country 15th in the world.\n\nQ3: Which country had the highest rate in 2016?\nA3: Russian Federation - 48.3 suicides per 100,000 people.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The most recent suicide data available is 2016 and this shows that the country is 15th in the world, we dont know what the rank is in 2019 when the claim is made, it may have gone up and the country may be ranked higher but if theres no data available we cannot prove it. Russia is the first in the world which a much higher percentage but also a much larger population, so it seems unlikely that in 3 years it would have risen so much. I have chosen refuted because whilst theres a lack of information of the stats in 2019, the claim itself must be based on assumptions if there is no official data and the last official data was available in 2016.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has Africa's highest rate of depression.\n\nQ1: What is the rate of depression in Nigeria\nA1: 2,7%\n\nQ2: Are there other countries with higher depression prevalence rates of depression than Nigeria\nA2: Yes, because Cape Verde - 3.1%\nLesotho - 3.1%\nBotswana - 3.1%\nEthiopia - 3.3%\nSouth Africa - 3.4%", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The answers and sources show that there are several other parts of Africa that have higher rates than Nigeria so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria ranks fifth in the world in the frequency of suicide\n\nQ1: When was this claim made?\nA1: 10/10/2019\n\nQ2: Where does Nigeria rank in the number of suicides per annum?\nA2: Suicide rate estimates, crude\nEstimates by country\n\nNigeria = 15th in 2016\n17.3 suicides per 100,000 people.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The WHO is a reliable source and does not show Nigeria as 5th in the world. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has an estimated physician-patient ratio of one doctor to every 4,000 to 5,000 patients.\n\nQ1: Is it difficult to work out the physician to patient ratio?\nA1: Yes, Prof Lukoye Atwoli at Moi university in kenya said - due to the difficulty approximating the number of patients at any given time, most reports will use the doctor-population ratio as a proxy for coverage\n\nQ2: What is the population of Nigeria?\nA2: According to the UN 200.9 million as at 1 July 2019.\n\nQ3: How many doctors do they have ?\nA3: Nigeria had 42,845 registered doctors, dentists and alternative medicine practitioners working in the country. Of these number, 39,912 are medical doctors.\n\nQ4: So what is the patient/doctor ratio?\nA4: 1:4,000 to 1:5,000, contrary to the World Health Organisation’s (WHO) recommended 1:600.[2]", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Confirmed via numbers in QA Pairs.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Congressional benefits include retirement package.\n\nQ1: Which country does the claim refer to?\nA1: United states of America.\n\nQ2: Do Congressional benefits in the US include a retirement package?\nA2: Yes, because Members of Congress — save for the few elected prior to 1984 — belong to a pension program known as the Federal Employees’ Retirement System.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Members of the United States Congress belong to a pension program known as the Federal Employees’ Retirement System. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Every week, at least 12 doctors leave Nigeria to seek employment in the UK.\n\nQ1: How many Nigerian doctors are in the UK in 2019?\nA1: Edo based medical practitioner, Imafidon Osama Agbonile, said Nigerian are the fourth highest doctors practicing in the United Kingdom.\n\nQ2: How many doctors leave Nigeria to work in the UK per week?\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: How many doctors left Nigeria to work in the UK in 2019?\nA3: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: There is not enough evidence to support or refute the claim \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: WHO estimates that fewer than 10% of mentally ill Nigerians have access to the care they need.\n\nQ1: Are mentally ill patients attended to properly in Nigeria\nA1: Thousands of people with mental health conditions across Nigeria are chained and locked up in various facilities where they face terrible abuse,\n\nQ2: What percentage actually received good care\nA2: According to a study carried out by the WHO, on various forms of mental illnesses, the help provided in Nigeria was below 10% in all categories", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Correct , but question marks (?) required in questions.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The snake found in the Amazon is 134 feet long and 2067 kgs\n\nQ1: What is the biggest snake in the world?\nA1: According to National Geography the Green Anaconda, which is considered to be the largest snake in the world, is 30 feet long.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The claim states the a snake found was 134 feet long, however the Q&A pair state the largest according to a trustworthy source such as National Geographic is only 30 feet, which is considerably smaller and so looks to be refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: (Nigeria has an estimated physician-patient ratio of one doctor to every 4,000 to 5,000 patients.) ...[This is] six times smaller than the physician-patient ratio (one physician to every 600 doctors) recommended by WHO.\n\nQ1: How many patients do Nigerian doctors take care of?\nA1: In Nigeria, we have 40,000 doctors taking care of 200 million people.\n\nQ2: What is the estimated physician-patient ratio in Nigeria?\nA2: Between 1:4,800 and 1:5,000\n\nQ3: What is the ideal ratio of a healthcare worker to a population according to the World Health Organisation?\nA3: The agency had not prescribed any ideal ratio of healthcare workers to population.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Q&A 2 shows that the figure for doctor to patient ratio shown in the claim to be correct, but Q&A 3 shows the claim about a WHO recommendation does not exist so not all of the claim is supported\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There are less than 150 psychiatrists in Nigeria who has a population of 200 million.\n\nQ1: how many Psychiatrists are in Nigeria\nA1: According to the Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria, there are 250 psychiatrists registered to it, and 200 psychiatry trainees", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Although not a huge amount more the figures are still incorrect and so the claim is refuted. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: There are only eight neuropsychiatric hospitals in Nigeria.\n\nQ1: How many neuropsychiatric hospitals is there in Nigeria?\nA1: There are eight federal neuropsychiatric hospitals in Nigeria.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Apart from the eight federal neuropsychiatric hospitals there are also exist three state run hospitals.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: WHO estimates that fewer than 10% of mentally ill Nigerians have access to the care they need.\n\nQ1: How many percent of Nigerians have acess to a psychiatrist\nA1: No answer", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: No answers were provided for the claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In Nigeria, the physician-patient ratio is six times smaller (one physician to every 600 doctors) than what is recommended by WHO.\n\nQ1: What is the WHO recommended physician-patient ratio?\nA1: No answer could be found.\n\nQ2: What does WHO define as having insufficient healthcare professionals?\nA2: Fewer than 10 medical doctors per 10,000 population.\n\nQ3: What is Nigeria's doctor to population ratio?\nA3: In Nigeria, we have 40,000 doctors taking care of 200 million people.\n\nQ4: Is the The physician-patient ratio is six times smaller than what is recommended by WHO in Nigeria in 2018 ?\nA4: The answers show that there are 5000 patients to one doctor so the ratio is not 6 times smaller and also there is no real recommendation by the WHO so the claim is refuted.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The answer to the question gives a concrete statement that the number in the claim isn't so\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Congressional benefits include free health care.\n\nQ1: what kind of health insurance do members of congress get ?\nA1: Congressional health benefits\nBefore the Affordable Care Act, Congress and staffers got their health care through employer-provided insurance, the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) Program. During the ACA debate, the idea that members of Congress would not be subject to the exchanges became a big political issue. So, the final \"ACA\" (Obamacare) required lawmakers and staffers to get their insurance through the local health exchange, the District of Columbia’s small business health options program (SHOP) exchange.\n\nFor the 2017 plan year, there were 57 plan options in the gold tier on the DC SHOP. Members and staff have to choose at least the gold option to receive the employer contribution, which is figured at 72% of the weighted average of all FEHB plan premiums. \n\nOnce a member or staffer is no longer in federal service, they have an option to enroll in an FEHB plan under Temporary Continuation of Coverage (TCC) that they pay for (like COBRA).\n\nWant more details on the Congressional health benefits? This CRS Report has you covered.\n\nCongressional retirement benefits\nUp until 1984, federal employees (including Members of Congress) did not pay Social Security taxes or receive Social Security benefits but were instead covered by the Civil Service Retirement System (CSRS). Members elected after 1984 are covered by the Federal Employees’ Retirement System (FERS).\n\nLike other federal employees, Congressional pensions are financed through employee and employer contributions. Members pay Social Security payroll taxes equal to 6.2% Social Security taxes and contribute to the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund (CSRDF).\n\nMembers of Congress are eligible for a pension at age 62 (with at least five years of service), age 50 (with at least twenty years of service), or at any age (after 25 years of service). \"The amount of the pension depends on years of service and the average of the highest three years of\nsalary. By law, the starting amount of a Member’s ret\n\nQ2: Do members of members of congress gets free health care?\nA2: Before the Affordable Care Act, senators and representatives used to receive health insurance through the Federal Employees Health Benefits program, which was similar to health insurance programs at large companies. That means that the employer (in this case, the U.S. government) makes a contribution toward the health insurance plan selected by the employee. Under the Affordable Care Act, the government still covers a portion of the costs but the plans have to be purchased on a D.C. exchange called D.C. Health Link.\n\nQ3: What Benefits Do Members Of Congress Get After They Leave Office?\nA3: A sitting Member of Congress earns a salary of $174,000/year. That ends when he or she is no longer in office. But, depending on when the Member was elected, that person does receive a pension, access to a 401(k)-like retirement account and, in many cases Social Security benefits. Members of Congress started paying into Social Security in 1984. These benefits are generally the same as other federal employees would receive.\n\nAccording to the Congressional Research Service, members are eligible for the pension at age 62 if they've served five years or more. (They are eligible at earlier ages with more years of service.)\n\nQ4: Does Congressional benefits include free health care ?\nA4: No, It is not free, but it is generous compared to other private and not federal public employers. The percentage of premiums paid by the federal government\nis calculated separately for individual, self plus one, and family coverage, but each uses the same\nformula. According to the formula, the employer contribution is set at 72% of the weighted\naverage of all FEHB plan premiums, not to exceed 75% of any given plan’s premium.2", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: the benefits do not included free health care, but subsidised health care\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has an estimated physician-patient ratio of one doctor to every 4,000 to 5,000 patients.\n\nQ1: What time period was the statistic taken over?\nA1: Over a period of one year\n\nQ2: Are there any reliable figures for physician to patient ratios for Nigeria in 2018?\nA2: No. The data is difficult to approximate because of estimates in population and failed requests for data on the number of doctors.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: there isn't enough information on physician to patient ratios for Nigeria in 2018\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Yaba Psychiatric Hospital had a 2018 budget of N133 million (US$372,000) – but only N13 million ($36,000), or less than 10% of that amount, was released by the federal government.\n\nQ1: How much was the budget for the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital in 2018\nA1: N3.3 billion, or $10.7 million at the official exchange rate.\n\nQ2: How much of the total budget for the year of 2018 made it to the hospital\nA2: No answer could be found.\n\nQ3: Are there details of how much money actually reached the hospital ?\nA3: No, there is no detail of this in the official national budget office report.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: There isn't enough evidence to answer how much of the budget actually reaches the Yaba psychiatric hospital. \n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: By 2018, Nigeria had allocated just 3.95% of its budget to funding its ministry of health.\n\nQ1: How much of Nigeria's budget was allocated to funding its ministry of health?\nA1: Around N356.45 was allocated to the health ministry. \n\nCalculations from below: \n\nFEDERAL MINISTRY OF HEALTH 86,485,848,198\n\n43 FEDERAL MINISTRY OF HEALTH 269,965,117,887\n\nQ2: What is Nigeria's total budget?\nA2: N9.12 trillion\n\nQ3: What is the estimated percentage allocated from the budget to the health ministry?\nA3: 3.91%", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: From the sources it shows that the budgetary allocation of Nigeria's ministry of health was 3.91%. \n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: WHO estimates that fewer than 10% of mentally ill Nigerians have access to the care they need.\n\nQ1: what kind of help are people with mental health problems in Nigeria getting?\nA1: One that is not appropriate for the cause and inhumane\n\nQ2: Where does the 10% figure come from regarding Nigerians not getting sufficient mental health care?\nA2: It was from a study on mental health published in 2004\n\nQ3: Has mental health care improved in Nigeria since 2004?\nA3: A 2019 report states Detention, chaining, and violent treatment are pervasive in many settings, including state hospitals, rehabilitation centers, traditional healing centers, and both Christian and Islamic faith-based facilities.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: From the study conducted and also the treatments given, the claim is seen to be true\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has Africa's highest rate of depression.\n\nQ1: According to the World Health Organisation's Global Health Estimates what percentage of Nigeria's population suffers from depression?\nA1: According to the statistics in the report, 3.9% of Nigeria's population were suffering from depression in 2015.\n\nQ2: What countries in Africa are recorded as having populations suffering from depression with higher percentages than Nigeria?\nA2: Cape Verde's population has the highest percentage suffering from depression (4.9%), followed by Lesotho (4.8%), Botswana (4.7%), and Ethiopia (4.7%).\n\nQ3: What was the population of Nigeria in 2019?\nA3: In its 2019 state of the world population report the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) says Nigeria’s population has hit a new high of 201 million.\n\nQ4: Has WHO released any later statistics in connection with the amount of depression in Nigeria's population?\nA4: A tweet from WHO dated 17 April 2019, says:\nOver 7,000,000 Nigerians are depressed.\n(3.48% of the population in 2019)\n\nQ5: What was the percentage of the population with depression in Cape Verde, Lesotho , Botswana and Ethiopia in the year of the claim, ie 2019?\nA5: No answer could be found.\n\nQ6: Do any countries in Africa have populations suffering from depression with higher percentages than Nigeria?\nA6: Yes, because Cape Verde's population has the highest percentage suffering from depression (4.9%), followed by Lesotho (4.8%), Botswana (4.7%), and Ethiopia (4.7%).\n\nQ7: Does Nigeria have the highest rate of depression as a share of population compared to any other African countries?\nA7: As a share of the population, at least 24 other countries in Africa have a higher rate of depression than Nigeria’s 3.9%.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The Q&As show that there are other countries in Africa with a higher percentage so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Nigeria has an estimated physician-patient ratio of one doctor to every 4,000 to 5,000 patients.\n\nQ1: What is Nigeria's estimated physician-patient ratio of one doctor to patients?\nA1: In regards to Psychiatry, the doctor/patient ratio was 1:870 (One Psychiatrist).\n\nQ2: What is the estimated number of doctors in Nigeria?\nA2: 40,000 doctors\n\nQ3: How many patients do the 40,000 doctors in Nigeria look after?\nA3: 40,000 doctors taking care of 200 million people.\n\nQ4: What is the latest estimate of Nigeria's population?\nA4: As on July 1, 2019, the UN's population division estimates the population at 200.9 million.\n\nQ5: What is the ratio for 40,000 to 200 million?\nA5: 40, 000 doctors taking care of 200.9 million patients equates to 1:5000 (1 doctor per 5000 people as claimed)\n\nQ6: What is the WHO's recommendation for doctor patient ratio?\nA6: the World Health Organisation, WHO, recommends one doctor to 600 patients,", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Confirmed in QA pair stating a mathematical ration of 40,000 in 200 million as 1 in 5000\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Joe Biden wants to abolish the \"stepped up basis\" that currently reduces inheritance taxes.\n\nQ1: Does Joe Biden want to remove a policy that reduces inheritance taxes?\nA1: Yes, because Joe Biden wants to eliminate the stepped-up basis loophole, a type of break on inheritance taxes.\n\nQ2: What is a stepped-up basis?\nA2: ...a special rule for inherited property known as the step-up in basis rule. Here’s how it works: David inherits a house from his uncle who bought the house in 1982 for $70,000. The home was worth $800,000 at the time of his uncle’s death. If David decides to sell the house, his basis will be $800,000 so he will only be taxed on the difference between what he sold it for and his new stepped-up basis of $800,000.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The QA source link to a media report verifies that this claim is correct.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: CNN reported Philip Andrei Gancia Became a Porn Star\n\nQ1: Was the story actually posted on the CNN website?\nA1: No, because No it was posted on the WorldGreyNews website but with a fake CNN logo.\n\nQ2: Is WorldGreyNews a legitimate news source?\nA2: No, because No there is a small link at the bottom of the page that reads \"Main article is FAKE. Create your own fake news\"", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The source was shown to be fake news. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Viral Video states that Filipino National ID's can now be obtained.\n\nQ1: when was this claim made\nA1: 08/10/2019\n\nQ2: When will the Filipino National ID card be issued\nA2: The card issuance will start in April 2020.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The Q&As show that the claim was made before the date the IDs were officially issued. So the claim is incorrect. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Reserve Bank of India (RBI) will introduce a new ₹1000 banknote post January 1, 2020\n\nQ1: When was this claim made?\nA1: 09/10/2019\n\nQ2: Did the Reserve Bank of India announce the introduction of a new banknote in October 2019?\nA2: No, because No such notification found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: There was no notification like that\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The House of Representatives is now essentially running an impeachment process without following precedent, without allowing the president to have counsel, without allowing the president to call witnesses or have subpoena power.”\n\nQ1: Who made the claim\nA1: Ronna McDaniel\n\nQ2: What are the rules to be abided by for a senate trial for impeachment\nA2: There are no set rules. Rather, the Senate passes a resolution first laying out trial procedures\n\nQ3: Did Donald Trump have counsel during his impeachment hearings\nA3: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: This claim was made by Ronna McDaniel, there are no set rules for this process however it is unknown if Trump had counsel.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: If they have a vote to do a formal impeachment inquiry, historically, precedent is such that, yes, then everyone gets the right, the minority party gets rights. Certainly, the White House gets rights. The president gets rights that aren’t there now.\n\nQ1: What are the rules for a Senate trial such as an impeachment?\nA1: There are no set rules. Rather, the Senate passes a resolution first laying out trial procedures.\n\nQ2: What rights does the person on trial have?\nA2: No answer could be found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: I cannot determine what rights the minority party, the White House and the president have had historically during impeachment inquiries.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: In the US the impeachment process has always gone through the House Judiciary Committee, because it is the committee of jurisdiction over the Constitution and over impeachment, not the Intelligence Committee.\n\nQ1: Has the impeachment process in the US ever not gone through the Judiciary Committee?\nA1: In 1867, after the Judiciary Committee voted to not send articles of impeachment against President Andrew Johnson to the full House, a second attempt to impeach him succeeded after an inquiry by the Committee on Reconstruction.\n\nQ2: Does the US Constitution state that the House Judiciary Committee must conduct any impeachment inquiry?\nA2: The Constitution doesn’t offer specific guidance on rules for impeachment inquiries and the House determines its own rules of parliamentary conduct. According to the CRS, (Congressional Research Service) the House’s rules allow for an impeachment inquiry to go forward without an initial resolution but the matter would move on the Judiciary Committee at some point.\n\nQ3: What is the standard process followed during an impeachment process?\nA3: The House impeachment process generally proceeds in three phases: (1) initiation of the impeachment process; (2) Judiciary Committee investigation, hearings, and markup of articles of impeachment; and (3) full House consideration of the articles of impeachment.\n\nQ4: Do impeachment proceedings have to go through the Judiciary Committee?\nA4: In recent decades, it has been\nmore common than not that the Judiciary Committee used information provided from another outside investigation. The\ncommittee might create a task force or a subcommittee to review this material and collect any other information through\nsubpoenas, depositions, and public hearings. Impeachment investigations are governed by the standing rules of the House\nthat govern all committee investigations, the terms of the resolution authorizing the investigation, and perhaps additional\nrules adopted by the committee specifically for the inquiry.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: From the evidence, it appears that the Constitution doesn’t offer specific guidance on rules for impeachment inquiries and that the House determines its own rules of parliamentary conduct. Hence, the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: The Trump family was disallowed from operating any charity in the State of New York because they stole from a kids cancer charity.\n\nQ1: Has a lawsuit been filed against the Trump family charities?\nA1: Yes, because ttorney General Barbara D. Underwood today (14/06/2018) announced a lawsuit against the Donald J. Trump Foundation, and its directors, Donald J. Trump (“Mr. Trump”), Donald J. Trump, Jr., Ivanka Trump, and Eric Trump.\n\nQ2: What does the 2018 lawsuit against the Trump family allege?\nA2: The petition alleges a pattern of persistent illegal conduct, occurring over more than a decade, that includes extensive unlawful political coordination with the Trump presidential campaign, repeated and willful self-dealing transactions to benefit Mr. Trump’s personal and business interests, and violations of basic legal obligations for non-profit foundations.\n\nQ3: Does the 2018 lawsuit seek to ban the Trump family from operating any charity in the State of New York?\nA3: The AG’s lawsuit also seeks a ban from future service as a director of a New York not-for-profit of 10 years for Mr. Trump and one year for each of the Foundation’s other board members, Donald Trump Jr., Ivanka Trump, and Eric Trump.\n\nQ4: Was the Donal J Trump Foundation a children's charity?\nA4: As a private foundation, the Trump Foundation is primarily involved in making grants to other nonprofit organizations\n\nQ5: Has the lawsuit been settled?\nA5: No answer could be found.\n\nQ6: Has Trump been banned from running a charity?\nA6: No, the case was settled with stipulations in force if Trump ran another charity.\n\nThe settlement agreement imposes a regime of restrictions on any future service by Mr. Trump on a charity’s board of directors, including a total ban on any self-dealing. Any charity he joins as a director must have a majority of independent directors, must engage counsel with expertise in New York not-for-profit law, and must engage the services of an accounting firm to monitor and audit the organization’s grants and expenses. If Mr. Trump forms a new charity, such an organization must comply with these requirements, and also report to the Office of the Attorney General for five years.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Evidence finds that the Trump family did not steal from a kids cancer charity. The trump family can operate a charity again but with conditions. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: US food standards allow for insect fragments in peanut butter.\n\nQ1: What is the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) allowed level for insect fragments in peanut butter?\nA1: Average of 30 or more insect fragments per 100 grams.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Average of 30 or more insect fragments per 100 grams.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Minneapolis \"city government preemptively informed the Target Center that it would be responsible for $530,000 in security and other costs\" related to a Trump rally, \"more than 26 times the estimated security costs for a 2009 Target Center health care rally held by President Barack Obama.\n\nQ1: How much was the pre-emptive bill for security in relation to the Oct. 10th target centre rally?\nA1: \"The City of Minneapolis has presented a preliminary estimate of additional security and related costs associated with the October 10, 2019 Event at Target Center. These estimated additional expenses total $530,000.\"\n\nQ2: How much did the Obama rally cost?\nA2: On the day of the 2009 Obama rally, the Minneapolis police chief estimated the department’s costs to top $20,000 including for 50 officers on overtime at the 20,500-seat Target Center arena, the St. Paul Pioneer Press reported. We tried to confirm if that was the actual cost with police officials but did not get a response.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: From the 2nd QA it indeed seems that the claim is supported \n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: US food standards allow for maggots in orange juice.\n\nQ1: what is the allowed food defect in orange juice\nA1: Citrus Fruit Juices, Canned\n\nMold\n(AOAC 970.75)\n\nAverage mold count is 10% or more\n\nInsects and insect eggs\n(AOAC 970.72)\n\n5 or more Drosophila and other fly eggs per 250 ml or 1 or more maggots per 250 ml\n\nQ2: does this food defect pose a threat to health\nA2: These \"Food Defect Action Levels\" listed in this booklet are set on this premise--that they pose no inherent hazard to health.\n\nQ3: Does US FDA allow for maggots to be present in consumer orange juice?\nA3: Yes, because 1 or more maggots per 250 ml", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: 1 maggot per 250ml is allowed/ deemed acceptable.\n\nverdict: 'Supported'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Thomas Jefferson said, “The government will one day be corrupt and filled with liars, and the people will flock to the one that tells the truth.\"\n\nQ1: Where is the earliest instance of this saying being attributed to Jefferson?\nA1: It appears in an October 2015 tweet from user Ziad K Abdelnour\n\nQ2: Is there any evidence in Jefferson's collection of quotes and letters that has this quote?\nA2: No, because it does not appear anywhere.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The second source is credible and the quote can not be found so it is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: One in four women in Africa suffer from depression.\n\nQ1: How many women in Africa suffer from depression?\nA1: In 2017, the World Health Organisation (WHO) estimated that 5.9% (one in 17) of women in the African region suffered from depressive disorders.\n\nQ2: What is the latest data on how many women in Africa suffer from depression?\nA2: In a latest age-standardised estimate for women in sub-Saharan Africa is at 4.3% (one in 23)", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The claim states that 1 in 4 women sffer depression in Africa, whilst the only Q&A pair says it is actually only 1 in 17 which is significantly lower and so the claim is wrong by a lot.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: 1 in 6 in the US get food poisoning each year but only 1 in 66 in the UK.\n\nQ1: Where does the 1 in 66 estimate come from?\nA1: The estimate that one in 66 people in the UK gets food poisoning is based on a 2011 FSA report. It estimated that in the UK a million people a year suffer a foodborne illness. The population of the UK today is around 66 million, which the original claimant seems to have used to get one in 66.\n\nQ2: Is this an accurate statistic?\nA2: No, because It’s difficult to estimate the number of people who get food poisoning a year. It’s not always possible to prove someone got ill because of something they’d eaten, and they may not always go to a doctor or seek medical advice. As a result the estimates are broad.\n\nQ3: Where does the one in 6 figure come from?\nA3: The figure of one in six for the US comes from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which estimates that “each year roughly 1 in 6 Americans (or 48 million people)” get sick as a result of foodborne diseases\n\nQ4: Is this an accurate figure?\nA4: The CDC told us this came from a paper published in 2011, but that the estimates are a “fairly accurate representation of the burden of [foodborne] diseases in the US.”\n\nQ5: Is the data between the two countries comparable?\nA5: the data between the two countries isn’t comparable and varies considerably in how and when it was collected, and there are differences in the methodology behind the estimates. Real world factors, like access to medical care which differs widely between the two countries, can also affect the comparison.\n\nQ6: What is the estimated population in the UK that falls sick due to food poisoning?\nA6: around a million people suffer a foodborne illness\n\nQ7: What was the UK's population in 2018?\nA7: 66,435,600\n\nQ8: When was this claim made?\nA8: 06/10/2019\n\nQ9: What is the estimated population in the U.S. that falls sick due to food poisoning?\nA9: CDC estimates that each year roughly 1 in 6 Americans (or 48 million people) gets sick\n\nQ10: What was the population of the United States in 2018?\nA10: 332,140,037", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Evidence throughout the QA brings up a slight conflict against the claim. It seems that the stats of 1 in 6 for the US getting food poisoning is relatively true, it's based on a 2011 report but the CDC suggests it's a fairly accurate statistic, further evidence seems to suggest that it's hard to estimate the exact numbers with one reason being not all people report to the doctor with food poisoning and it's hard to always proove it was something they ate made them ill in the first place leaving room for inaccuracy which makes the claim conflicted because that part suggests the claim may be wrong. Based on the numbers the 1 in 66 part may be true for the UK, stats are not comparable between the countries and the way it's recorded because of differences in the countries medical care and the methodology behind the estimates may differ.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: \"New Starbucks CEO\" Rosalind Brewer admits she doesn't like white people?\n\nQ1: Who is Rosalind Brewer?\nA1: Rosalind G. Brewer is an American businesswoman and the first African American woman to become chief operations officer (COO) of Starbucks.\nAfter retiring from Walmart on February 1, 2017 she accepted the COO role at Starbucks.\n\nQ2: What is the basis of this claim?\nA2: A 2015 CNN interview where she discussed the importance of workforce diversity.\n\nQ3: What did Brewer say?\nA3: \"My executive team is very diverse, and I make that a priority,\" she told Harlow. \"I demand it of my team and within the structure. And then, every now and then, you have to nudge your partners, and you have to speak up and speak out. And I try to use my platform for that. ... I try to set an example. I try to mentor many women inside my company and outside the company because I think it's important.\n\n\"And I talk to my suppliers about it. Just today we met with a supplier, and the entire other side of the table was all Caucasian males. That was interesting. I decided not to talk about it directly with [the supplier's] folks in the room because there were actually no females, like, levels down. So I'm going to place a call to him.\"\n\nQ4: Who is the CEO of Starbucks?\nA4: Kevin Johnson\npresident and chief executive officer\n\nQ5: What do the accusations of not liking white people stem from?\nA5: From an interview she gave CNN in 2015, in which she seemed to have a problem with too many white men in corporate America.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Rosalind Brewer main problem was about too many white men in corporate America. Not hating on all white people. \n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Chemotherapy is mustard gas poison.\n\nQ1: What is chemotherapy?\nA1: Chemotherapy, often called \"chemo,\" is a treatment with drugs that kill cancer cells directly. Chemotherapy attacks all rapidly-dividing cells within the body, effectively targeting fast-growing tumors. Chemotherapy can be used alone or in combination with surgery, radiation, or immunotherapy.\n\nQ2: Has Mustard gas ever been used for chemotherapy?\nA2: By World War II, at least two dozen medical researchers transformed mustard agents into cancer chemotherapy. In the 1940s, sulfur mustard, commonly called mustard gas, and nitrogen mustard, a derivative of mustard gas, became a new form of cancer treatment.2\n\nQ3: Is Mustard gas still used today?\nA3: Several drugs derived from mustard agents are still used today to treat cancer, including one known as Mustargen", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: While some treatments are derived from mustard gas, they are not the mustard gas poison itself.\n\nverdict: 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Cancer is a fungus called myotoxin, not a disease.\n\nQ1: What is Cancer?\nA1: Cancer is a broad term. It describes the DISEASE that results when cellular changes cause the uncontrolled growth and division of cells.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: The credible source shows that cancer is not a fungus so the claim is refuted.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Theoretical physicist Albert Einstein once stated, “The difference between stupidity and genius is that genius has its limits.”\n\nQ1: Did Albert Einstein say, “The difference between stupidity and genius is that genius has its limits.”\nA1: No evidence in archives.\n\nQ2: Is anyone else attributed to saying this?\nA2: Similar quotes have been found.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: There is no evidence that Einstein said this and similar quotes have been found earlier and by other people.\n\nverdict: 'Refuted'", "role": "assistant" } ]
[ { "content": "Your task is to predict the verdict of a claim based on the provided question-answer pair evidence. The possible labels are: 'Supported', 'Refuted', 'Not Enough Evidence', 'Conflicting Evidence/Cherrypicking'. Justify your answer using the provided evidence and select the correct label.\n\nClaim: Alkaline foods keep you from getting cancer.\n\nQ1: Does an Alkaline Diet help prevent cancer?\nA1: There is no evidence to prove this.\n\nQ2: Has any research been done about alkaline water and cancer?\nA2: Yes - conclusion - Promotion of alkaline diet and alkaline water to the public for cancer prevention or treatment is not justified.\n\nDespite the promotion of the alkaline diet and alkaline water by the media and salespeople, there is almost no actual research to either support or disprove these ideas.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "justification: Q&A 2 states that there is almost no actual research to either support or disprove these ideas. with Q&A 1 saying there is no evidence for supporting this claim.\n\nverdict: 'Not Enough Evidence'", "role": "assistant" } ]

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