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20,
187,
1466,
1182,
320,
818,
16,
20,
559,
337,
5584,
20,
481,
1281,
256,
426,
577,
428,
1182,
15,
1737,
310,
253,
6414,
672,
256,
209,
510,
3874,
273,
3452,
885,
3228,
13,
17360,
556,
247,
3072,
273,
5512,
337,
13,
9519,
952,
13,
816,
247,
21290,
2406,
685,
253,
11467,
337,
13,
15645,
665,
6940,
627,
1309,
3645,
3660,
3719,
15,
1244,
275,
253,
4898,
273,
253,
2137,
13,
3452,
885,
3228,
7407,
1633,
1643,
643,
31584,
2448,
15918,
2793,
27,
387,
11467,
337,
329,
15,
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15,
1980,
673,
327,
4163,
608,
13,
23430,
13,
37031,
868,
285,
13,
9142,
13,
42554,
23686,
598,
253,
3874,
15,
9018,
2564,
253,
958,
326,
3452,
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3228,
13,
1677,
326,
352,
310,
4441,
275,
253,
4766,
273,
253,
2586
] | *o. Calculate the remainder when 24 is divided by ((-6)/o)/((-6)/(-72)).
6
Let d = -7 - -17. Suppose -4*l = -5*m + 69, -2*l + d = m + l. Calculate the remainder when (-2 - (-27)/6)*10 is divided by m.
12
Let g = 53 - 40. What is the remainder when 50 is divided by g?
11
Suppose 0 = -0*z + z - 16. Let w = 6 + z. What is the remainder when 63 is divided by w?
19
Let v be 2/6 + (-19)/3. Let r be (4/v)/((-1)/12). Let z = -3 + r. Calculate the remainder when 14 is divided by z.
4
Let j = 76 + -6. What is the remainder when j is divided by 6?
4
Suppose -3*q - 34 = -5*q. What is the remainder when q is divided by 6?
5
Calculate the remainder when 15 is divided by 10/(-25) + 47/5.
6
Let r be (-2)/6*-2*9. Let w = r - 2. Suppose 2*i - 17*i = -135. What is the remainder when i is divided by w?
1
Let r(t) be the second derivative of t**5/4 - t**3/6 + t**2/2 - 3*t. Calculate the remainder when 19 is divided by r(1).
4
Suppose 4*b - 116 = -4*h + 7*b, 5*b = -5*h + 180. What is the remainder when 92 is divided by h?
28
What is the remainder when 39 is divided by ((-45)/(-6))/((-24)/(-32))?
9
Let j = -1 + 3. Suppose 3*z + 308 - 113 = 3*k, -j*z = -10. Calculate the remainder when k is divided by 18.
16
Suppose -s + 3*w = -5 - 5, 3*w = -2*s + 20. Let q = s + -11. Let z(j) = -50*j**3 - j**2 + 1. What is the remainder when z(q) is divided by 13?
11
Let v = 2 - -2. Suppose -v*d = 5*z - 52, 5*d - 4*z = 12 + 12. Let q = 14 + 9. Calculate the remainder when q is divided by d.
7
Let l(z) = z + 27. Calculate the remainder when 40 is divided by l(-15).
4
Let l(r) = -15*r + 4. Let z = 42 + -29. Calculate the remainder when l(-3) is divided by z.
10
Let d = 43 + -19. Calculate the remainder when 119 is divided by d.
23
Suppose 54 = 3*i - 51. Let d = i - 4. What is the remainder when d is divided by 16?
15
Let y(g) = g**3 - 5*g**2 + 3*g + 7. Let n be y(5). Calculate the remainder when 95 is divided by n/1 + 22/11.
23
Let z = -94 - -142. Let r = 6 - 10. What is the remainder when z is divided by 5*5*(5 + r)?
23
Suppose -2*z + 46 = -k - k, 3*z - 2*k - 67 = 0. What is the remainder when 167 is divided by z?
20
Suppose -3*x - x + 148 = 0. Let m = -4 - 9. Let c = x + m. Calculate the remainder when c is divided by 13.
11
Let y be (0/(3/1))/1. Suppose 2*g - 74 = -y*g. Calculate the remainder when g is divided by 19.
18
Let u = 16 + -9. Calculate the remainder when 54 is divided by u.
5
Let o = 5 + -3. What is the remainder when 7 is divided by o?
1
Let i(q) = q**2 + 1. Let k = 10 + -6. Suppose -3*o - k*u - 24 = 0, -u + 19 = -o - 6*u. What is the remainder when 32 is divided by i(o)?
15
Suppose -5*w + 5*t + 64 - 4 = 0, t = -3. What is the remainder when 23 is divided by w?
5
Let i = 20 + 23. What is the remainder when i is divided by 22?
21
Let l = -60 - -108. What is the remainder when l is divided by 25?
23
Suppose -2*p + 2*q = -3*q - 11, -4*q = 4*p - 92. Calculate the remainder when 52 is divided by p.
16
Calculate the remainder when 12/54 - 664/(-9) is divided by 11.
8
What is the remainder when 93 is divided by ((-8)/(-5))/(3/30)?
13
Suppose -2*h + 5*z + 39 = 0, 4*h - 4*z = 5*h. Let d = -2 + h. Calculate the remainder when 17 is divided by d.
7
Let g be (-2 - 1) + 0 - -5. Suppose g*y - 44 = -0*y - 2*d, -5*y = -4*d - 74. What is the remainder when 52 is divided by y?
16
Let r(b) = -b**2 + 17*b - 2. Calculate the remainder when 112 is divided by r(12).
54
Let o = 6 - 1. Calculate the remainder when o is divided by (-2)/(-2) + 2 - -1.
1
Let u = -3 + -6. Calculate the remainder when 24 is divided by -6 - u - (-12)/2.
6
Let j(w) = w**2 - 2. Let h be j(-2). Suppose -h*d + 48 = d. What is the remainder when 47 is divided by d?
15
Let w(i) = i**3 - 6*i**2 + 4*i + 4. Let q be w(5). Calculate the remainder when q - (117/(-3) + 2) is divided by 19.
17
Let a be (21/(-14))/((-1)/14). Suppose -a = 2*k - 3*k. Calculate the remainder when 61 is divided by k.
19
Let z(p) = -p**2 - 13*p + 3. Let l be z(-13). Suppose 0 = -l*f - 3*y + 6, 0*y - 3*y + 4 = 2*f. What is the remainder when f is divided by 2?
0
Let g = -44 + 48. Calculate the remainder when 4 is divided by g.
0
Let g(b) = -4*b**3 + 25*b**2 - b - 14. Let q(l) = -3*l**3 + 17*l**2 - l - 9. Let i(x) = -5*g(x) + 7*q(x). Calculate the remainder when 55 is divided by i(-6).
17
Let k = 46 - 38. Calculate the remainder when (-1072)/(-24) + 2/6 is divided by k.
5
Suppose 0*f = -2*f + 30. Suppose -3*g - 2*g - f = 0. Calculate the remainder when (-368)/(-6) + 1/g is divided by 16.
13
Suppose 40 = 5*f - 4*a, 3*a = f - 5 - 3. Let v be 218/f + (-3)/12. Let w = -11 + v. Calculate the remainder when 31 is divided by w.
15
Let o(x) = x**3 + 4*x**2 + 2*x - 2. Let f be o(-3). What is the remainder when 0 + (-1)/(f/(-2)) is divided by 2?
0
What is the remainder when (-45)/(3/(-4)*2) is divided by 18?
12
Let b(u) be the third derivative of 7*u**5/12 - u**4/12 + 8*u**2. Calculate the remainder when b(1) is divided by 6.
3
Suppose -2*d + d + 13 = 0. Suppose 3*a + 10 = 5*a. What is the remainder when d is divided by a?
3
Let z be 7/3 + 1/(-3). Let s = 4 - z. What is the remainder when s The town of Boise City, Oklahoma has a population of approximately 1,250 people, just a shade lower than the roughly 1,450 who lived there during World War II. And in the height of the war, Boise City experienced something few other mainland American towns experience: at roughly 1 A.M. local time on July 5, 1943, whistles and, ultimately, explosions woke up the town. Never mind the fact that Boise City, given that it is located in the middle of the country |
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] | be able to withstand them? After all, we haven't made it our purpose to encourage such things as restlessness and distraction. We're trying at all times to practice the Dhamma — the means for stopping such things — so as to keep abreast of the movements of the bandits always lying in wait to rob us at any moment. We must thus force the mind to investigate in the way we've mentioned. Ferret out each part of the body so as to see it clearly, from the outside into the inside, or take just the inside and bring it out for a look. Look forwards and backwards, up and down, separating the body into pieces. You can imagine fire burning it into ashes and dust, or whatever other ways you can imagine it scattered into pieces, depending on what comes easiest to you. All count as ways in which your discernment is making itself ingenious and astute. When it's sufficiently developed, you'll be wise to all of these things, and they'll be clear to your heart without your having to ask anyone else about them at all. The more you investigate the body until you understand it clearly, the more clearly you will understand the affairs of feelings, mind, and phenomena, or feelings, labels, thought-formations, and cognizance, because all these things are whetstones for sharpening discernment step by step. It's the same as when we bail water out of a fish pond: The more water we bail out, the more clearly we'll see the fish. Or as when clearing a forest: The more vegetation we cut away, the more space we'll see. The things I've just mentioned are the factors that conceal the mind so that we can't clearly see the mental currents that flow out from the heart to its various preoccupations. When you use discernment to contemplate in this way, the currents of the heart will become plain. You'll see the rippling of the mind clearly every moment it occurs — and the heart itself will become plain, because mindfulness is strong and discernment quick. As soon as the mind ripples, mindfulness and discernment — which are there in the same place — will be able to keep track of it and resolve it in time. But be aware that in investigating the five khandhas or the four frames of reference (satipatthana), we aren't trying to take hold of these things as our paths, fruitions, and nibbana. We're trying to strip them away so as to see exactly what is the nature of the fish — namely, the heart containing all sorts of defilements. The more you investigate... You needn't count how many times you do it in a day. Focus instead on how expert and agile you can make your mind at investigating. The more you investigate — and the more skillful you get at investigating — the more the astuteness of your discernment, which is sharp and flashing as it deals with you yourself and with conditions of nature in general, will develop until it has no limit. You'll eventually have the knowledge and ability to realize that the conditions of nature you have been investigating in stages — beginning with sights, sounds, smells, tastes, and tactile sensations throughout the cosmos, and turning inward to your own body, feelings, labels, thought-formations, and cognizance — are not defilements, cravings, or mental effluents in any way. The heart alone is what has defilements, cravings, and mental effluents with which it binds itself. Nothing else has the power to reach into the heart so as to bind it. Aside from the heart that is ignorant about itself — searching for shackles for its neck and setting the fires of delusion to burn itself to no purpose — there are no traces of enemies to the heart anywhere at all. We can compare this to a knife, which is a tool made to benefit intelligent people, but which a foolish person grabs hold of to kill himself and then accuses the knife of being his enemy. What precedent is there for making such a charge? All conditions of nature in general are like useful tools, but a stupid person grabs hold of them to bind himself and then claims that the conditions of nature throughout the world have put their heads together to abuse him. Who can decide such a case? — for the plaintiff has already killed himself. If we decide that the instrument of death loses the case to the dead plaintiff, what sort of vindication is the plaintiff going to gain to give him any satisfaction? The heart that's deluded about itself and about its own affairs is in the same sort of predicament. Thus when discernment begins to penetrate in to know the conditions of nature — beginning with the body — it will also have to penetrate into the causal point. It will know clearly with its discernment the objects to which the mind tends to send its mental currents, and how strong or weak, many or few those currents are. It will come to see that the things that it used to see as enemies aren't really enemies at all. This is because of the power of discernment that has contemplated things carefully and correctly. At the same time, it will turn around to perceive the awareness inside itself as being its own enemy. This is because of the power of the discernment that sees clearly and comes in, letting go stage by stage, the things it can no longer hold to. This is why clear understanding through discernment — once it has realized that sights, sounds and so forth, on into the body, feelings, labels, thought-formations, and cognizance, are not enemies — must let them go stage by stage until they no longer remain in the heart. And as for this knowing nature: Before, we weren't able to tell whether it was harmful or beneficial, which is why we went about branding things all over the cosmos as being good or bad, beautiful or ugly, lovable or hateful, so amazing as to make us feel like floating or so dreary as to make us miserable and unable to sleep because of the dreariness: in short, making ourselves pleased, displeased, and endlessly miserable without our realizing it. What is the cause that makes the mind like a wheel, turning in cycles around itself, generating the fires of passion, aversion, and delusion to burn itself at all times? When discernment has contemplated things until they are clear, all conditions of nature, within and without, will be seen to have the same characteristics. None of them are enemies to anyone at all. You will see — the moment discernment removes all the things concealing it — that the only fault lies with this knowing nature. At this point, when the knower moves or ripples — blip! — you'll know immediately that the inner wheel is getting into the act. This is the troublemaker, heaping up misery. It's the direct cause of suffering and stress. Aside from this knowing nature, there is no cause of suffering and stress anywhere in the world. When we reach this level, only this awareness — this entire awareness — is the cause of suffering. When this fact becomes this clear to the heart through discernment, who would be willing to hold to this knower — this wheel — as his or her self? This is the subtle discernment, the automatic discernment in the principles of nature, that was trained by our forcing it in the beginning stages. The results now appear as an ingenuity and intelligence sufficient to the task. There's nothing wrong with calling it super-discernment. In addition to knowing the revolving mind that is the cause of stress, this discernment turns inward to know why that mind is a cause of stress, and how. Intent on knowing, it probes in after the reasons that reveal themselves. But for the most part when we reach this level, if our discernment hasn't really considered things with precision and thoroughness, we're sure to get stuck on this revolving awareness, because it's the supreme cause of the cycle — so deceptive and attractive that we as meditators don't realize our attachment to it. In addition to being deluded and attached without our realizing it, we may even spread this subtle form of delusion, through our misunderstanding, to delude many other people as well. So to let you know: This knowing nature, in terms of it marvelousness, is more marvelous than anything else. In terms of its radiance, it's more radiant than anything else, which is why we should call it a pit of burning embers secretly lying in wait for us. But no matter what, this knowing nature can't withstand the discernment that is its match in subtlety. We are sure to learn the truth from our discernment that this knowing nature is the foremost cause of suffering and stress. When we know this, this nature won't be able to stand. It will have to disintegrate immediately, just as when people smash a solid object to pieces with an iron bar. When this nature disintegrates after having been destroyed by discernment, a nature marvelous far above and beyond any conventional reality will appear in full measure. At the same moment, we will see the harm of what is harmful and the benefits of what is beneficial. The awareness of release will appear as dhammo padipo — the brightness of the Dhamma — in full radiance, like the sun that, when unobscured by clouds, lets the world receive the full radiance of its light. The result is that the awareness of release appears plainly to the heart of the meditator the moment unawareness has disbanded. This is the result. What the causes are, I've already explained to you: conviction, persistence, mindfulness, concentration, and discernment. This is the path to follow leading right to this point. It doesn't lead anywhere else. Whether you live at home, in a monastery, or in a forest, whether you're a woman or a |
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] | Context)} instead.
*/
@Deprecated(since = "1.6.0")
protected static byte[] getToken(JobContext context) {
return AuthenticationTokenSerializer.serialize(getAuthenticationToken(context));
}
/**
* Gets the authenticated token from either the specified token file or directly from the
* configuration, whichever was used when the job was configured.
*
* @param context
* the Hadoop context for the configured job
* @return the principal's authentication token
* @since 1.6.0
* @see #setConnectorInfo(Job, String, AuthenticationToken)
* @see #setConnectorInfo(Job, String, String)
*/
protected static AuthenticationToken getAuthenticationToken(JobContext context) {
AuthenticationToken token =
OutputConfigurator.getAuthenticationToken(CLASS, context.getConfiguration());
return OutputConfigurator.unwrapAuthenticationToken(context, token);
}
/**
* Configures a {@link org.apache.accumulo.core.client.ZooKeeperInstance} for this job.
*
* @param job
* the Hadoop job instance to be configured
* @param instanceName
* the Accumulo instance name
* @param zooKeepers
* a comma-separated list of zookeeper servers
* @since 1.5.0
* @deprecated since 1.6.0; Use
* {@link #setZooKeeperInstance(Job, org.apache.accumulo.core.client.ClientConfiguration)}
* instead.
*/
@Deprecated(since = "1.6.0")
public static void setZooKeeperInstance(Job job, String instanceName, String zooKeepers) {
setZooKeeperInstance(job, org.apache.accumulo.core.client.ClientConfiguration.create()
.withInstance(instanceName).withZkHosts(zooKeepers));
}
/**
* Configures a {@link org.apache.accumulo.core.client.ZooKeeperInstance} for this job.
*
* @param job
* the Hadoop job instance to be configured
*
* @param clientConfig
* client configuration for specifying connection timeouts, SSL connection options, etc.
* @since 1.6.0
*/
public static void setZooKeeperInstance(Job job,
org.apache.accumulo.core.client.ClientConfiguration clientConfig) {
OutputConfigurator.setZooKeeperInstance(CLASS, job.getConfiguration(), clientConfig);
}
/**
* Initializes an Accumulo {@link org.apache.accumulo.core.client.Instance} based on the
* configuration.
*
* @param context
* the Hadoop context for the configured job
* @return an Accumulo instance
* @since 1.5.0
*/
protected static org.apache.accumulo.core.client.Instance getInstance(JobContext context) {
return OutputConfigurator.getInstance(CLASS, context.getConfiguration());
}
/**
* Sets the log level for this job.
*
* @param job
* the Hadoop job instance to be configured
* @param level
* the logging level
* @since 1.5.0
*/
public static void setLogLevel(Job job, Level level) {
OutputConfigurator.setLogLevel(CLASS, job.getConfiguration(), level);
}
/**
* Gets the log level from this configuration.
*
* @param context
* the Hadoop context for the configured job
* @return the log level
* @since 1.5.0
* @see #setLogLevel(Job, Level)
*/
protected static Level getLogLevel(JobContext context) {
return OutputConfigurator.getLogLevel(CLASS, context.getConfiguration());
}
/**
* Sets the default table name to use if one emits a null in place of a table name for a given
* mutation. Table names can only be alpha-numeric and underscores.
*
* @param job
* the Hadoop job instance to be configured
* @param tableName
* the table to use when the tablename is null in the write call
* @since 1.5.0
*/
public static void setDefaultTableName(Job job, String tableName) {
OutputConfigurator.setDefaultTableName(CLASS, job.getConfiguration(), tableName);
}
/**
* Gets the default table name from the configuration.
*
* @param context
* the Hadoop context for the configured job
* @return the default table name
* @since 1.5.0
* @see #setDefaultTableName(Job, String)
*/
protected static String getDefaultTableName(JobContext context) {
return OutputConfigurator.getDefaultTableName(CLASS, context.getConfiguration());
}
/**
* Sets the configuration for for the job's {@link BatchWriter} instances. If not set, a new
* {@link BatchWriterConfig}, with sensible built-in defaults is used. Setting the configuration
* multiple times overwrites any previous configuration.
*
* @param job
* the Hadoop job instance to be configured
* @param bwConfig
* the configuration for the {@link BatchWriter}
* @since 1.5.0
*/
public static void setBatchWriterOptions(Job job, BatchWriterConfig bwConfig) {
OutputConfigurator.setBatchWriterOptions(CLASS, job.getConfiguration(), bwConfig);
}
/**
* Gets the {@link BatchWriterConfig} settings.
*
* @param context
* the Hadoop context for the configured job
* @return the configuration object
* @since 1.5.0
* @see #setBatchWriterOptions(Job, BatchWriterConfig)
*/
protected static BatchWriterConfig getBatchWriterOptions(JobContext context) {
return OutputConfigurator.getBatchWriterOptions(CLASS, context.getConfiguration());
}
/**
* Sets the directive to create new tables, as necessary. Table names can only be alpha-numeric
* and underscores.
*
* <p>
* By default, this feature is <b>disabled</b>.
*
* @param job
* the Hadoop job instance to be configured
* @param enableFeature
* the feature is enabled if true, disabled otherwise
* @since 1.5.0
*/
public static void setCreateTables(Job job, boolean enableFeature) {
OutputConfigurator.setCreateTables(CLASS, job.getConfiguration(), enableFeature);
}
/**
* Determines whether tables are permitted to be created as needed.
*
* @param context
* the Hadoop context for the configured job
* @return true if the feature is disabled, false otherwise
* @since 1.5.0
* @see #setCreateTables(Job, boolean)
*/
protected static Boolean canCreateTables(JobContext context) {
return OutputConfigurator.canCreateTables(CLASS, context.getConfiguration());
}
/**
* Sets the directive to use simulation mode for this job. In simulation mode, no output is
* produced. This is useful for testing.
*
* <p>
* By default, this feature is <b>disabled</b>.
*
* @param job
* the Hadoop job instance to be configured
* @param enableFeature
* the feature is enabled if true, disabled otherwise
* @since 1.5.0
*/
public static void setSimulationMode(Job job, boolean enableFeature) {
OutputConfigurator.setSimulationMode(CLASS, job.getConfiguration(), enableFeature);
}
/**
* Determines whether this feature is enabled.
*
* @param context
* the Hadoop context for the configured job
* @return true if the feature is enabled, false otherwise
* @since 1.5.0
* @see #setSimulationMode(Job, boolean)
*/
protected static Boolean getSimulationMode(JobContext context) {
return OutputConfigurator.getSimulationMode(CLASS, context.getConfiguration());
}
/**
* A |
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] | secretion but augmented IL-1 release (p < 0.05). Nontolerant human monocytes had a dramatic increase in the percentage of ERK1/2-positive cells in response to an initial stimulation with LPS. This did not occur in the LPS-tolerant cells. Phorbol-12-myristate-13 acetate restored ERK1/2 activation in LPS-tolerant human monocytes. LPS-tolerance in human monocytes is associated with inhibition of LPS-stimulated TNF secretion, augmented release of IL-1, and defective activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade (ERK1/2). These results suggest a method of identifying LPS-tolerance and monocyte dysfunction in patients with sepsis.Belgium suddenly found itself in charge of a colony whose area was ninety times that of the mother country. The Congo Free State had practically been Leopold’s personal property, as he controlled the International Association of the Congo, officially in charge of the administration of the territory. Ironically, Leopold apparently never visited the colony and thus avoided having to witness personally the brutal regime he had set up.
On display are several photographs depicting different parts of Stanleyville, including a local mode of transport, namely the rickshaw or pousse-pousse. Stanleyville, founded in 1883, was named after Sir Henry Morton Stanley, famous for his rescue of David Livingstone. While in the service of Leopold II, Stanley had arranged several treaties with local chiefs, which had formed the basis of the Congo Free State. The town was renamed Kisangani in 1966.FATTENING WALL STREET — Mike Whitney reports on the rapid metamorphosis of new Fed Chair Janet Yallin into a lackey for the bankers, bond traders and brokers. The New Religious Wars Over the Environment: Joyce Nelson charts the looming confrontation between the Catholic Church and fundamentalists over climate change, extinction and GMOs; A People’s History of Mexican Constitutions: Andrew Smolski on the 200 year-long struggle of Mexico’s peasants, indigenous people and workers to secure legal rights and liberties; Spying on Black Writers: Ron Jacobs uncovers the FBI’s 50 year-long obsession with black poets, novelists and essayists; O Elephant! JoAnn Wypijewski on the grim history of circus elephants; PLUS: Jeffrey St. Clair on birds and climate change; Chris Floyd on the US as nuclear bully; Seth Sandronsky on Van Jones’s blind spot; Lee Ballinger on musicians and the State Department; and Kim Nicolini on the films of JC Chandor.
Inequality: Fair or Foul?
by JOHN K. WHITE
Inequality is fast becoming the issue of our times, as more and more reports appear about widening income and wealth distribution between the wealthy and the poor. It seems, however, that some don’t agree with the reports or deny their significance in our lives. There is a minefield of numbers and conflicting data, but can we simplify the numbers and use basic statistics to illustrate that inequality is rising? Can we use readily available, reliable sources to do the math ourselves and bypass the partisan hyperbole that pits one versus another in increasingly caustic terms? In the name of liberty, one hopes so.
In the Customer Reviews section on Amazon.com for French economist Thomas Picketty’s recently published Capital in the Twentieth Century, one can see the skewed accounts firsthand, where almost 300 reviewers gave it a 5-star rating, 160 a 1-star rating, while under 100 rated it 2, 3, or 4 (as of June 3). Clearly, the bimodal rating is not a true indication of the merits of the book, but indicate differing world views of the readers (or planted reviewers): the citizen whose idea of liberty rests in a shared collective versus the Libertarian-fuelled individual solely in charge of his or her world. It’s Karl Marx versus Ayn Rand in a 10-round, knock-down brawl.
Rob Urie especially noted the vitriol directed at Piketty, commenting that “A profoundly misguided and tedious bit of social misdirection was unleashed” by The Financial Times about alleged errors in Picketty’s research. The FT article (May 24) suggests Piketty got his sums wrong about how inequality is returning to pre-World War I levels. It blames transcription errors in his spreadsheets, not unlike the recent pro-debt contraction work of economists Carmen Reinhart and Kenneth Rogoff, who underestimated the debt percentage at which a country will implode, and hence encouraged pro-austerity budgets. It seems that both sides of the divide are having trouble with the math.
How about former Secretary of Labor Robert Reich’s sums? As a top advisor in Bill Clinton’s government in charge of the Bureau of Labor Statistics, he should know the numbers. He notes that in 1978 the typical male worker made $45,302 and the top 1% earner made $393,682, but by 2010, the typical male worker made $33,751 while the top earner made $1,101,089 (a 26% decrease and 180% increase!). He further noted that the top 400 in the U.S. is now equal to one half of the population. He’s not making up these numbers, although to hear some it’s as if the devil himself had spoken.
In his recent movie, Inequality For All, Reich further adds that we need to take big money out of politics to correct the imbalance and start playing by fairer rules to return equal opportunity to every citizen, his stated cornerstone of the American Way. Is this also crazy talk from one who was raised on the Constitution?
Nonetheless, can we find our own data to analyze the claims for ourselves, to create our own informed view, without having to rely on others? In a world of conflicting accounts can we go to the reliable source?
The United Nations University World Income Inequality Database (WIID) has compiled their data source from numerous separate references and is easily accessible to view or download. Here, the numbers pop out immediately about unequal U.S. income distribution between the bottom 10% (D1 decile) and the top 10% (D10 decile). From 1974 to 2000 (the time range of their data), the bottom 10% decreased from 1.86% to 1.81%, while the top 10% increased from 26.3% to 29.0%. No intermediary with an axe to grind has washed these numbers.
Data are also available for numerous other countries. In the U.K, the change in income to the top 10% since 1979 is mind boggling (Margaret Thatcher was elected in May 1979). From 1979 to 2002, the income for the top 10% in the U.K. rose almost 14% (from 20.4% to 27.7%), while income decreased to the lowest 10% by a staggering 32.6% (from 4.23% to 2.85%).
It’s all there in black and white. The rich are getting richer, relatively speaking in terms of income distribution from the U.S. to the U.K., or if one cares to do the simple sums, from Albania to Zimbabwe.
At the same time, the American finance industry has grown at the expense of home-grown manufacturing. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Economic Analysis, where data is also easily available, the finance industry continues to benefit in an increasingly unequal economy, making excess profits for the few while costing jobs to the many.
Given the corresponding social costs of economic inequality and lost jobs, could it be that too much of our economy has to do with money? It’s not exactly 1% versus 99%, but it should be no surprise that the top 1% owns one third of all wealth in the U.S., while the top 1% owns two thirds in the U.K. By any measure, wealth distribution is horribly skewed.
Of course, economic data can seem devious or cooked. In The Merchant of Venice as Antonio says to Bassanio about the ever crafty Shylock, “The devil can quote Scripture for his purpose.” Indeed, whose numbers do we believe? Aren’t there numbers to fit any bias?
In Do The Math: On Growth, Greed, and Strategic Thinking, I have looked at some examples outside of traditional economics to try to quantify inequality, from sports leagues to pop music to changing demographics. I wanted to show as easily as I could whether the world is becoming more or less fair and whether everyday living is becoming overly monetized.
Sports seem a perfect place to start, every armchair statistician’s favourite world of data. Can we predict the future from the past to show who will win tomorrow’s game (perhaps throwing down a bet to prove our predictive prowess)? Does the point difference between the top and bottom teams from one year to the next quantify the fairness of a league beyond our intuition? Do all teams stand a fair chance of winning year in and year out?
Sports are supposed to be fair. One year, the Yankees win and thanks to reverse-order player drafts, profit sharing, and salary caps, the next year the Brewers win. It doesn’t matter the different market base between New York and Milwaukee, fairness in American sports is sacrosanct. If sports were to become a bidding war for talent, however, only the moneyed teams would win, anathema to that basic idea of fairness.
It is odd that in the most unconstrained economy in the world fairness in sports is sacrosanct as if to appease the masses who might otherwise rebel, but al |
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] | TSWJ2013-586327.alg.001){#alg1}
######
The performance of the topic identification based on extracting topic discriminative terms.
Measure feature Mono. Poly. All
----------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
TF 78.3 76.1 78.0
Pos + TF 82.1 80.8 81.6
SN **91.0** 65.5 74.0
TS 88.6 83.1 86.2
All **92.4** **84.6** **87.8**
######
The performance of disambiguating through TSA versus other state-of-the art algorithms.
Algo. Nouns only Verbs only All words
--------- ------------ ------------ ----------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
TSA 82.5 68.9 75.1 69.3 57.7 63.0 76.8 60.2 67.4
ExtLesk 80.5 62.1 70.1 60.7 47.9 53.5 71.5 50.9 59.5
SSI 81.6 65.2 72.5 63.5 54.6 58.7 74.0 58.7 65.5
MFS 74.7 74.7 74.7 59.1 59.1 59.1 68.4 68.4 68.4
[^1]: Academic Editors: C.-C. Chang and F. Yu
Current page: CP Video
India: Solar Power Helps Pastor Spread Gospel
A pastor in a tribal area that is barely touched by the Gospel is excited to have been given a solar-powered lamp, which he will use to read the Bible and meet with other Christians at night. Please pray for this pastor and others who are front-line workers in India.
<a href='https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoS81nOk9Eo' target='_blank'>Click here</a> for more information.package com.xkcoding.codegen;
import cn.hutool.core.io.IoUtil;
import cn.hutool.db.Entity;
import com.xkcoding.codegen.common.PageResult;
import com.xkcoding.codegen.entity.GenConfig;
import com.xkcoding.codegen.entity.TableRequest;
import com.xkcoding.codegen.service.CodeGenService;
import lombok.SneakyThrows;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
/**
* <p>
* 代码生成service测试
* </p>
*
* @package: com.xkcoding.codegen
* @description: 代码生成service测试
* @author: yangkai.shen
* @date: Created in 2019-03-22 10:34
* @copyright: Copyright (c) 2019
* @version: V1.0
* @modified: yangkai.shen
*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@Slf4j
public class CodeGenServiceTest {
@Autowired
private CodeGenService codeGenService;
@Test
public void testTablePage() {
TableRequest request = new TableRequest();
request.setCurrentPage(1);
request.setPageSize(10);
request.setPrepend("jdbc:mysql://");
request.setUrl("127.0.0.1:3306/spring-boot-demo");
request.setUsername("root");
request.setPassword("root");
request.setTableName("sec_");
PageResult<Entity> pageResult = codeGenService.listTables(request);
log.info("【pageResult】= {}", pageResult);
}
@Test
@SneakyThrows
public void testGeneratorCode() {
GenConfig config = new GenConfig();
TableRequest request = new TableRequest();
request.setPrepend("jdbc:mysql://");
request.setUrl("127.0.0.1:3306/spring-boot-demo");
request.setUsername("root");
request.setPassword("root");
request.setTableName("shiro_user");
config.setRequest(request);
config.setModuleName("shiro");
config.setAuthor("Yangkai.Shen");
config.setComments("用户角色信息");
config.setPackageName("com.xkcoding");
config.setTablePrefix("shiro_");
byte[] zip = codeGenService.generatorCode(config);
OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("/Users/yangkai.shen/Desktop/" + request.getTableName() + ".zip"));
IoUtil.write(outputStream, true, zip);
}
}
Aqua Color purple 30ml
Professional theater make for your Halloween and Carnival Make Up
Aqua Color Violet 30ml - professional stage make-up meets the highest standards as required in the film and on the stage.The water make-up Kryolan distinguished in that it is fat-free and therefore does not cause allergic skin reactions.The makeup is applied with a damp sponge and can be removed with soap and water after applying excellent.These days, if you are in the market for a fully electric, long-range vehicle, your options are pretty limited.
In fact, Tesla vehicles are currently the only battery electric cars you can buy in the that have an official range of more than 200 miles per charge.
But that is quickly changing.
Most major automakers, including GM and Volkswagen, have vowed to roll out more than one fully electric car by 2020.
Here's a look at some of the vehicles coming to market in the next few years.It's pretty standard to include a huge, muscled stony character on any team that features aliens. You see it all the time. L.E.G.I.O.N. was no different, but it stood out in that Strata was revealed to actually be a female member of her species. Later, she even married another member of the team and had a child, while still being badass.
This actually makes her a particularly notable character, because you don't often see female character getting to play this role on a team. While the fact that she'd very deliberately depicted as asexual is obvious, it's still a cool feature for the team to have.A new study titled Business Performance in Walkable Shopping Areas found that walking shopping areas have a potential to prosper due to demographics, increased gas prices, public policies encouraging higher densities and changing life-style preferences.
The study consisted of a meta-analysis of 70 studies and articles. The author also conducted an exploratory study of 15 walkable shopping areas judged as successful to examine the sources of success.
Other key findings from the study include:
There is great enthusiasm for walkable shopping areas among retail experts, developers and many residents of urban and suburban areas.
Businesses can be successful if such areas reach a critical mass, cater to diverse needs, are located in higher density areas or have good mass transit service, and have a supermarket as an anchor.
With success, enterprises in walkable shopping areas are able to pay higher rents for their space, and housing near walkable commercial areas commonly sells for higher prices than in more distant areas.
The study evidence suggests that walkable retail is on the upswing, and likely to grow over the next several decades.Westpac Banking has launched a $750 million offer of hybrid securities, or capital notes, to retail investors, marking the third hybrid capital raising by a big four bank so far in 2015.
The offer, flagged by The Australian Financial Review's Street Talk, is seeking to raise about $750 million and will pay a margin of between 4 to 4.20 percentage points over the bank rate – or about 6.15 to 6.35 per cent. This margin would be the highest rate paid by a large bank for hybrid capital since the financial crisis, surpassing the 3.80 percentage point margin paid by the Commonwealth Bank in late 2012.
Westpac's raising comes as the hybrid market recovers from a sharp correction following CBA's $3 billion PERLS VII raising in the third quarter of 2014. Credit:Mayu Kanamori
The notes can be redeemed in 5.5 years, in March 2021, and are |
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253,
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14036,
17313,
2308,
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27070,
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1458,
69,
14,
11070,
43,
95,
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17977,
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187,
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187,
3493,
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839,
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46304,
3066,
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4985,
24994,
5978,
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2383,
11124,
3725,
19863,
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4860,
326,
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4985,
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8071,
342,
963,
2921,
1190,
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281,
830,
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14,
7716,
95,
19,
17977,
53,
6147,
285,
342,
32788,
3017,
281,
6635,
322,
14,
32202,
2921,
837,
74,
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13,
534,
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253,
16294,
1055,
273,
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15,
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1635,
13,
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769,
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247,
6605,
323,
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34596,
13,
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281,
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249,
990,
2211,
14420,
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28180,
5743,
285,
2559,
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249,
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2383,
14322,
3725,
2053,
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403,
1774,
323,
21039,
14,
13472,
13344,
3364,
1351,
329,
19,
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10174,
2383,
13391,
3725,
5076,
13,
21039,
14,
13472,
8160,
4985,
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476,
1421,
281,
253,
3275,
273,
854,
14,
14699,
14,
49,
4161,
95,
19,
66,
95,
432,
549,
607,
301,
5120,
3527,
30996,
2383,
12730,
3725,
5727,
854,
14,
14699,
14,
49,
4161,
95,
19,
66,
95,
778,
2572,
11672,
3727,
432,
14036,
10111,
13,
10808,
21039,
5281,
1818,
13,
285,
42074,
21039,
20828,
275,
2380,
281,
36541,
10174,
2383,
14322,
3725,
5488,
13,
8160,
4985,
24994,
310,
2779,
281,
7278,
253,
46304,
273,
37121,
12539,
73,
3895,
366,
13,
7624,
3629,
3081,
21039,
16510,
10174,
2383,
12730,
3725,
187,
187,
38528,
3275,
11852,
475,
2141,
11,
2267,
67,
11,
5346,
11,
20,
5743,
984,
7651,
57,
11531,
285,
41180,
35901,
12449,
778,
4796,
21039,
20828,
285,
475,
2141,
11,
2267,
67,
11,
5346,
11,
20,
5743,
10174,
2383,
13210,
3725,
496,
1635,
13,
17313,
812,
671,
2572,
21039,
15921,
281,
253,
11172,
43427,
407,
8534,
327,
18304,
6297,
275,
253,
43427,
13,
9579,
272,
253,
14335,
16067,
3100,
28264,
13,
285,
275,
19452,
839,
14335,
26570,
18135,
302,
301,
1169,
10174,
2383,
12231,
3725,
733,
310,
6482,
1701,
326,
21039,
36541,
13,
824,
347,
13344,
4805,
13,
15546,
13,
285,
13344,
3364,
1351,
13,
476,
17561,
7651,
57,
13,
7624,
8479,
14036,
17313,
12037,
285,
13567,
2067,
12475,
273,
21039,
5743,
2470,
2841,
577,
1084,
926,
21,
910,
709,
14,
881,
568,
926,
2536,
496,
1614,
13,
32359,
778,
3727,
41180,
271,
621,
715,
253,
2614,
4963,
347,
1125,
21959,
4840,
12449,
13,
534,
588,
320,
3206,
275,
2007,
21039,
5743,
285,
16510,
281,
13344,
13097,
4702,
4375,
10174,
2383,
12730,
3725,
187,
187,
38528,
14,
20536,
380,
8233,
27211,
447,
323,
596,
41707,
5221,
32889,
285,
596,
41707,
2433,
187,
15256,
4738,
187,
187,
8457,
17313,
476,
4833,
253,
1159,
285,
2425,
273,
2710,
8094,
3206,
275,
253,
11847,
13,
9489,
13,
9827,
273,
27070,
84,
13,
285,
21039,
3727,
13,
347,
973,
347,
21039,
5743,
285,
20828,
2470,
2841,
577,
1084,
926,
21,
910,
709,
14,
881,
568,
926,
9471,
436,
8847,
273,
17313,
2789,
731,
4722,
9282,
8571,
323,
18611,
19488,
518,
552,
5221,
38332,
447,
261,
285,
21039,
1159,
15,
8079,
13,
36390,
17313,
2308,
556,
3786,
644,
2011,
281,
320,
247,
12532,
5700,
323,
12767,
253,
10969,
6379,
390,
2572,
275,
21039,
1385,
762,
18977,
2515,
15,
380,
767,
18327,
8130,
323,
12767,
10969,
21039,
3904,
403,
281,
2057,
6379,
390,
2572,
17313,
2308,
15672,
15,
187,
187,
1909,
9814,
13,
253,
26830,
6054,
275,
17313,
2308,
310,
18996,
2905,
281,
27070,
2440,
15,
3813,
13,
3629,
253,
1268,
273,
17313,
2057,
949,
253,
14314,
273,
17313,
5978,
390,
8638,
273,
14036,
40536,
588,
2085,
2442,
9282,
44201,
323,
9708,
5845,
18364,
5221,
32889,
15,
1198,
4227,
13,
253,
3745,
273,
1458,
69,
14,
11070,
43,
95,
19,
95,
281,
2572,
27070,
499,
1238,
90,
285,
354,
3789,
1059,
4702,
285,
281,
8591,
21039,
7355,
846,
7235,
2182,
7742,
310,
8558,
12877,
281,
697,
5350,
281,
10808,
17313,
4702,
10174,
2383,
2759,
3725,
3840,
5839,
4950,
326,
24468,
23754,
7768,
511,
14,
18,
2425,
812,
7278,
1458,
69,
14,
11070,
43,
95,
19,
17977,
6367,
21039,
3275,
10174,
2383,
14711,
3725,
17097,
1189,
13,
45350,
1195,
14420,
313,
1194,
48,
582,
247,
28065,
2854,
323,
253,
1971,
273,
774,
13395,
7928,
1964,
44447,
25764,
12711,
66,
9512,
13,
671,
8653,
247,
23754,
48051,
1055,
13,
3164,
1955,
281,
253,
958,
326,
4915,
48,
812,
7278,
2057,
13227,
17313,
5978,
390,
7651,
57,
5743,
949,
253,
8638,
273,
32788,
2149,
32747,
285,
2572,
253,
25566,
273,
253,
13227,
6384,
10174,
2383,
12115,
20924,
1008,
2383,
8193,
3725,
733,
310,
1929,
326,
4390,
13,
347,
253,
2022,
1971,
323,
18364,
5221,
32889,
13,
21039,
34190,
310,
8214,
13,
673,
14,
33136,
13,
29198,
13,
285,
556,
3710,
10307,
313,
44794,
13111,
5837,
481,
3951,
2383,
15144,
3725,
7757,
13,
352,
310,
11408,
281,
1287,
17313,
14,
6820,
6083,
323,
253,
1971,
273,
18364,
5221,
32889,
15,
187,
187,
1145,
10969,
2572,
275,
32359,
285,
5743,
5644,
281,
643,
3510,
273,
6578,
13,
824,
347,
34029,
285,
32317,
30996,
2383,
14351,
20924,
1008,
2383,
10683,
20924,
1008,
2383,
13397,
3725,
534,
403,
11704,
407,
2559,
8376,
3789,
1059,
17313,
3275,
10174,
2383,
9312,
20924,
1008,
2383,
13381,
20924,
1008,
2383,
11946,
20924,
1008,
2383,
8196,
3725,
3813,
13,
11052,
17313,
2308,
778,
320,
271,
3576,
5700,
323,
12767,
841,
3510,
273,
6578,
15,
17746,
13,
2067,
6083,
497,
1119,
281,
14227,
9282,
2442,
281,
824,
6578,
3066,
17313,
9454,
15,
1198,
1650,
13,
815,
3833,
11816,
1028,
249,
311,
313,
18,
13,
20,
13,
22,
14,
12512,
19304,
24865,
1751,
28,
337,
13,
20,
13,
22,
14,
7564,
5282,
292,
363,
311,
582,
247,
45613,
8508,
13,
369,
2011,
281,
452,
1331,
334,
41707,
3875,
285,
1801,
2560,
249,
21200,
2538,
949,
3587,
24468,
17313,
3275,
10174,
2383,
13482,
20924,
1008,
2383,
11246,
3725,
28926,
475,
292,
355,
5929,
3951,
2383,
17015,
3725,
2007,
5183,
326,
253,
1055,
273,
815,
3833,
11816,
1028,
249,
311,
275,
20943,
839,
549,
607,
301,
5120,
3527,
14,
6367,
21039,
20828,
369,
8244,
2905,
281,
247,
6379,
275,
17313,
3275,
15,
15123,
991,
14718,
249,
369,
671,
8058,
281,
452,
18462,
9282,
2538,
327,
32317,
13,
3164,
407,
24468,
14746,
4073,
13,
1690,
8493,
253,
17313,
3275,
10174,
2383,
14783,
3725,
187,
187,
41,
95,
19,
95,
48,
95,
19,
95,
310,
2361,
281,
320,
3206,
275,
253,
2440,
273,
49667,
11172,
2728,
285,
23123,
49667,
23861,
7882,
762,
18977,
2515,
10174,
2383,
14380,
3725,
3813,
13,
8638,
273,
253,
2603,
273,
388,
95,
19,
95,
48,
95,
19,
95,
3275,
13,
824,
347,
7651,
57,
13,
310,
1529,
12532,
9282,
5700,
15,
12090,
6083,
13,
824,
347,
1049,
406,
1362,
249,
285,
367,
832,
1752,
406,
13,
452,
644,
2011,
281,
2972,
36519,
7796,
10174,
2383,
15468,
20924,
1008,
2383,
13743,
20924,
1008,
2383,
15220,
3725,
17766,
1598,
13,
2175,
452,
671,
5125,
326,
253,
268,
2504,
545,
1004,
20560,
310,
954,
2779,
247,
16747,
23107,
2303,
685,
643,
7651,
57,
26408,
326,
403,
2424,
323,
9548,
2425,
10174,
2383,
15497,
3725,
3813,
13,
253,
268,
2504,
545,
1004,
20560,
273,
7651,
57,
588,
320,
247,
3625,
2303,
323,
12767,
824,
6578,
275,
253,
2852,
15,
187,
187,
22807,
187,
15765,
187,
187,
510,
1673,
273,
18364,
38332,
447,
261,
2561,
310,
4390,
5675,
13,
285,
776,
4685,
273,
253,
5787,
3720,
273,
19488,
518,
552,
5221,
38332,
447,
261,
556,
33127,
9619,
13,
347,
27070,
84,
497,
806,
1119,
281,
1918,
6054,
281,
32359,
275,
38701,
15,
380,
2554,
273,
17313,
275,
27070,
16775,
556,
9592,
8392,
4116,
275,
3332,
1107,
15,
9937,
1270,
16424,
275,
253,
3640,
326,
17313,
556,
271,
1774,
2554,
275,
21039,
3275,
285,
5743,
13,
253,
10799,
894,
25345,
3394,
285,
6297,
6944,
253,
7248,
273,
17313,
403,
417,
4336,
7192,
15,
187,
187,
8665,
1774,
3374,
3464,
281,
320,
9713,
13,
285,
359,
3524,
326,
8607,
588,
320,
11797,
281,
3653,
835,
253,
7548,
8696,
875,
253,
13424,
285,
30249,
8673,
2538,
273,
17313,
327,
18364,
38332,
447,
261,
285,
21039,
5743,
15,
2053,
1543,
588,
2085,
747,
16039,
715,
17313,
14,
3169,
21039,
3275,
15,
380
] | maturation signal.^[@bib95]^ Another CNC transcription factor, p45, which is a component of NF-E2,^[@bib96]^ has a critical role in megakaryocytic maturation and platelet production,^[@bib97]^ as proplatelet formation was completely defective in *p45*-null MKs.^[@bib87]^ A recent study indicated that the increase in p45 could promote ROS accumulation and full activation of the platelet genes that promote thrombocytopoiesis.^[@bib98]^
In addition, studies have shown that ROS generation is increased during the terminal phase of platelet production. For example, the transcription factors associated with MK maturation, GATA-1, NF-E2, and mammalian target of rapamycin, were all increased and that this increase was accompanied by increased ROS production when Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) activated, which is reported to express on MKs.^[@bib99],\ [@bib100]^ Therefore, it is postulated that TLR2 drives MK maturation through ROS production. Another transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor *γ*, is also found to be present in both MKs and platelets,^[@bib101]^ and the treatment with its ligand, 15-deoxy-^▵12,14^-prostaglandin J~2~ (15d-PGJ~2~), may enhance the proplatelet formation.^[@bib84]^ Further investigation revealed that the effect of 15d-PGJ~2~ was associated with the modulation of intracellular ROS levels in MKs, because 15d-PGJ~2~-induced platelet production was partially blocked with antioxidants.^[@bib84]^ Moreover, the observation that reduced MK apoptosis and platelet production were accompanied by a decrease in total ROS levels in the cells suggested that ROS were also involved in MK apoptosis to generate platelets.^[@bib102]^ Taken together, these results suggest that ROS had an important role in MK maturation and/or subsequent proplatelet formation.
Close Correlation between ROS and Platelet Activation
=====================================================
Platelets that circulate in the bloodstream under normal conditions will actively adhere to and spread on the collagen matrix if the vascular endothelial layer is injured. ROS are also involved in this process as well as platelet aggregation and recruitment, because blocking superoxide production could suppress platelet activation and aggregation.^[@bib103],\ [@bib104],\ [@bib105]^ However, there remains some controversy regarding the mechanism by which oxidants affect platelet function.^[@bib106]^
Collagen-induced platelet aggregation was associated with H~2~O~2~ release, which acts as a second messenger by stimulating the arachidonic acid metabolism and phospholipase C pathways,^[@bib107],\ [@bib108]^ suggesting that there are potential sources of ROS in platelets themselves. Further studies suggested that platelet aggregation may be partially mediated by the NOX system and phospholipase A2-activated arachidonic acid metabolism, and protein kinase C may modulate both pathways.^[@bib109]^ The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase Ecto-NOX1 has been described in human platelets, and ROS production triggered by ligand--receptor interactions could thereby enhance the expression and activity of Ecto-NOX1. Therefore, it is hypothesised that redox regulation of Ecto-NOX1 may have a significant role in platelet activation and recruitment.^[@bib110]^
However, it is unclear how ROS function within platelets. Earlier studies demonstrated that rapid platelet activation was induced by the acute inhibition of endogenous NO production *in vivo*,^[@bib111]^ whereas ROS may partially modulate platelet function by attenuating NO bioavailability via ONOO^−^ generation.^[@bib112]^ Recent studies indicated that ONOO^−^ can react with tyrosyl residues to form 3-NO~2~-Tyr and with thiols to generate S-nitrosothiols, which reduces the inhibitory effect of NO. In addition, ONOO^−^ may act as a substrate for COX peroxidase, leading to prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase activation and increased prostaglandin formation.^[@bib113]^ These reactions are important for platelet-derived thromboxane A2 synthesis.^[@bib114]^ Moreover, platelet-derived ONOO^−^ can lead to the production of 8-iso-PGF~2a~ from arachidonic acid,^[@bib115]^ whereas 8-iso-PGF~2a~ may increase calcium release from intracellular stores, induce platelet shape change, and amplify platelet aggregation in response to agonists.^[@bib113]^ Furthermore, ONOO^−^ is likely to enhance the bioavailability of adenosine diphosphate, thereby increasing additional platelet recruitment.^[@bib115]^
ROS production affects *α*IIb*β*3 activation because NOX inhibitors and superoxide scavengers may reduce platelet aggregation and *α*IIb*β*3 activation.^[@bib116]^ In addition, ROS could also increase platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium by acting on transcriptional mechanisms in the endothelium, degrading the endothelial glycocalyx, and inactivating endothelial ectonucleotidases.^[@bib117]^ It is hypothesised that platelet agonists, such as thrombin, collagen, and thromboxane, can activate NOX, thereby causing intracellular ROS accumulation and affecting several phases of platelet activation ([Figure 4](#fig4){ref-type="fig"}). In turn, platelets may release superoxide anions into the bloodstream as autocrine messengers, which will be involved in further platelet activation and recruitment to thrombus formation sites.^[@bib115]^
ROS-Related Therapeutic Strategies for Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
======================================================================
Because ROS can influence the function and activity of various molecules involved in the commitment, proliferation, differentiation of MKs, and platelet release, as well as platelet activation and aggregation ([Figure 4](#fig4){ref-type="fig"}), this characteristic of ROS makes them interesting therapeutic targets for regulating megakaryocytopoiesis and platelet function. Indeed, modulating ROS levels has previously been shown to be a promising strategy for treating the abnormal decrease or increase in platelet count under pathological conditions. The two opposing strategies for treating abnormal platelet numbers are to either decrease or increase ROS levels accordingly.
As reviewed, the gradual rise in ROS levels is tightly related to MK development. Therefore, increasing the level of ROS either through the enhancement of ROS generation or inhibition of intracellular antioxidants will provide potential therapeutic avenues for rescuing thrombocytopenia. For instance, the ability of 15d-PGJ~2~ to increase MK ploidy and proplatelet formation and to promote platelet recovery after ionising radiation is primarily attributed to its capacity to induce ROS formation.^[@bib84]^ Further investigation revealed that inhibiting haem oxygenase-1 activity could enhance 15d-PGJ~2~-induced platelet production.^[@bib118]^ Moveover, arsenic trioxide (ATO), a miracle drug for the treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukaemia, also displayed a haemostatic effect, probably due to the fact that ATO could enhance either mitochondrial ROS generation or NOX activation through the inhibition of thioredoxin and increase the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane.^[@bib119],\ [@bib120]^ It is known that currently, as the main treatment for thrombocytopenia, platelet transfusion is expensive, time-consuming, risky, and has limited efficacy (alloimmunisation).^[@bib121]^ Hence, it is desirable to develop ROS-dependent agents for the treatment of thrombocytopenia.
An abnormal increase in platelets and activation leads to other types of diseases, such as thrombosis and atherosclerosis,^[@bib122],\ [@bib123],\ [@bib124]^ which are accompanied by increased intraplatelet ROS production.^[@bib125],\ [@bib126],\ [@bib127],\ [@bib128]^ Therefore, decreasing ROS levels may be an effective strategy for treating these types of diseases. Recently, several agents were found to exert therapeutic potential to such diseases via ROS depression. For example, phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene; 1,3,5-benzenetriol), a bioactive compound, was shown to have antithrombotic and profibrinolytic effects through directly inhibiting ROS production.^[@bib129],\ [@bib130]^ Chang *et al.*^[@bib131]^ further demonstrated that the effect of phloroglucinol in attenuating arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation was closely related to a decrease in ROS production. Astaxanthin was also proved to have encouraging therapeutic effects on atherosclerosis, probably by inhibiting oxidative stress, including reducing the ROS production.^[@bib132]^
H~2~O~2~ is reported to be involved in the development of atherosclerotic vascular disease and regulates atherosclerotic plaque stability under pathological conditions.^[@bib133]^ Therefore, inhibition of the source of H~2~O~2~ production, such as NOX, is another promising therapeutic strategy. Several agents, such as apocynin and Pefabloc, have been shown to block oxidase assembly.^[@bib134],\ [@bib135],\ [@bib136]^ Noticeably, studies have also suggested that the p47phox subunit is most likely a clinically safer target than other NOX subunits that are required for enzyme activity.^[@bib137]^ Therefore, the p47phox subunit of NOX will be a primary target for treating such diseases in the future.
Conclusions
===========
The field of thrombopoiesis research is currently growing, and our understanding of the molecular basis of megakaryocytopoiesis has progressed substantially, as MKs were first found to give rise to platelets in 1906. The role of ROS in MK biology has increasingly drawn attention in recent years. Despite great advances in the knowledge that ROS has an important role in platelet production and activation, the precise cell signalling events and mechanisms underlying the regulation of ROS are not completely understood.
Other important issues remain to be addressed, and we hope that researchers will be inspired to determine where the boundary lies between the physiological and pathophysiological effects of ROS on thrombopoiesis and platelet activation. These results will provide new insights into ROS-based platelet production. The |
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] | . ^[@CR36]^). Interestingly, ASPP2^KVK^ was also compromised in its ability to dephosphorylate TAZ (Fig. [8d and e](#Fig8){ref-type="fig"}), suggesting that the interaction between the ASPP2 SH3 domain specificity pocket and PP1α is required for ASPP2/PP1 substrate dephosphorylation.
The SH3 domain is required for ASPP in vivo function {#Sec13}
----------------------------------------------------
To test the in vivo effect of disrupting the interaction between the ASPP SH3 and PP1, we generated ASPP rescue constructs with mutations in the RVxF motif (*ASPP*^*FA*^), the SH3 domain (*ASPP*^*WK*^) and a combination of mutations in both domains (*ASPP*^*FA-WK*^). Expression of wild type ASPP in *ASPP* mutant flies fully rescues the increased number of IOCs and bristle misplacement (Supplementary Fig. [10a--c, g, h](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). The RVxF mutant, (*ASPP*^*FA*^) did not fully rescue the IOC and bristle phenotypes, and mutation of both the RVxF and SH3 (*ASPP*^*FA-WK*^) enhanced this effect (Supplementary Fig. [10a--d, f--h](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). In contrast, the SH3 specificity pocket mutant *ASPP*^*KVK*^ (*ASPP*^*D981K/D982V/E984K*^) was able to rescue the increase in IOC number phenotype, though bristle misplacements were still apparent (Supplementary Fig. [10e, g and h](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). The relatively mild effect of the *ASPP*^*KVK*^ mutation was surprising, since the equivalent mutation in ASPP2 strongly reduced affinity towards PP1α (Figs. [6](#Fig6){ref-type="fig"}d and [8a](#Fig8){ref-type="fig"}).
Since *Drosophila* Ccdc85 can associate with PP1 in cell culture (Fig. [1d](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}), we hypothesized that it might provide an extra contact point between the ASPP complex and PP1, thereby partially rescuing the effect of ASPP/PP1-binding surface mutations. Consistent with this hypothesis, mutation of *ASPP* and *ccdc85* together dramatically increased the IOCs number and the bristle misplacement phenotypes (Fig. [9a--c](#Fig9){ref-type="fig"} and i--j). These defects could be rescued back to *ccdc85* single mutant levels by the expression of the wild type form of ASPP in an *ASPP*, *ccdc85* mutant background (Fig. [9d and i--j](#Fig9){ref-type="fig"}). In contrast, all the *ASPP* mutant forms (*ASPP*^*FA*^, *ASPP*^*WK*^, *ASPP*^*KVK*^*, ASPP*^*FA-WK*^) failed to rescue the IOC number and bristle misplacement phenotypes (Fig. [9e--h and i--j](#Fig9){ref-type="fig"}). Thus, consistent with our binding data, both the RVxF and the SH3 domain are important for ASPP function in vivo.Fig. 9The ASPP complex promotes PP1β9C and PP1α96A AJ localization. **a**--**h** Confocal X--Y sections of pupal retinas at 40 h APF stained with anti-E-cad antibodies to mark cell outlines. Scale bar = 10 µm. **a**, **b** *ccdc85* (**b**) mutant flies have defects in eye development compared to wild-type flies (**a**) (13.30 ± 1.40 vs 12.2 ± 0.4). **c** Mutation of *ASPP* in *ccdc85* mutant flies worsens the phenotype (16.7 ± 2.10). **d**--**g** Expression of ASPP under the *ubiquitin 63E* (*ubi*) promoter in *ASPP, ccdc85* mutants rescues the phenotype (**d**), but overexpression of *ASPP*^*FA*^ (**e**)*, ASPP*^*KVK*^ (**f**), *ASPP* ^*WK*^ (**g**) or *ASPP*^*FA-WK*^ (**h**) do not (13.16 ± 1.058 vs 16.22 ± 1.44, 14.64 ± 1.38, 15.64 ± 1.98 and 15.60 ± 1.49) (see Supplementary table [1](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"} for full genotypes). **i** Quantification of inter-ommatidial cells (IOCs) in retinas of the indicated genotypes at 40 h after puparium formation (APF). Error bars represent the standard deviation. A one-way ANOVA test was carried out to determine if the differences among means were significantly different from each other. *p*-values were adjusted using a Bonferroni correction. Significant differences are marked. \*\*\* indicates *p* \< 0.0001, \*\* indicates *p* \< 0.01 and \* indicates *p* \< 0.05 (*n* = 25 hexagons from four retinas). **j** Quantification of bristle misplacement. (*n* = 25 from four retinas). **k**--**s** Confocal X--Y sections of pupal retinas at 26 h APF showing endogenous YFP-tagged PP1β9C and stained with E-Cad. Scale bar = 10 µm. **k**--**m** PP1β9C localises at the cell--cell junctions (67.31% ± 7.45). **n**--**p** *ASPP* loss does not change the localisation of PP1-β9C (69.23% ± 6.29). **q**--**s** Loss of *ccdc85* in an *ASPP* mutant background mislocalises PP1β9C from the cell--cell junctions (60.92% ± 5.51). **t** Quantification of percentage of junctional PP1β9C of the indicated genotypes at 26 h APF. Error bars represent the standard deviation. For quantifications of PP1β9C intensity, two regions of interest were drawn surrounding the junctions of a cell (ROI~TOTAL~ and ROI~CYTOPLASM~). Junctional fraction was quantified by (ROI~TOTAL~ -- ROI~CYTOPLASM~). Values were normalised to 100% for PP1β9C. One-way ANOVA test was carried out to determine if the differences among means were significantly different from each other. *p*-values were adjusted using a Bonferroni correction. Significant differences are marked. \*\*\* indicates *p* \< 0.0001 (*n* = 50 cells from four retinas)
The ASPP complex promotes PP1β9C and PP1α96A AJ localisation {#Sec14}
------------------------------------------------------------
*Drosophila* ASPP preferentially binds to two PP1 isoforms, PP1α96A and PP1β9C (Fig. [1b](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}). Analysis of GFP tagged forms of these two isoforms expressed under their endogenous promoter revealed an adherens junction pool colocalised with E-cadherin in retinas at 26 h APF (Supplementary Fig. [10k--n](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}), where we have previously shown ASPP and RASSF8 to be localised^[@CR31]^. In contrast, GFP tagged PP1α87B, which has low affinity for ASPP (Fig. [1b](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}), localises in the cytoplasm (Supplementary Fig. [10i--j](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). To test whether the junctional pool of PP1α96A and PP1β9C is dependent on the ASPP complex, we examined their localisation in *ASPP, ccdc85* double mutant animals (Fig. [9k--t](#Fig9){ref-type="fig"} and Supplementary Fig. [10o-u](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}). Interestingly, junctional localisation of PP1α96A and PP1β9C was disrupted in *ASPP, ccdc85* double mutant (Fig. [9k--m, q--t](#Fig9){ref-type="fig"} and Supplementary Fig. [10o--u](#MOESM1){ref-type="media"}), while *ASPP* single mutants showed unaltered PP1β9C localisation (Fig. [9n--p and t](#Fig9){ref-type="fig"}). Thus, the ASPP complex is required to recruit a junctional pool of PP1β9C and PP1α96A.
Discussion {#Sec15}
==========
How highly specific phosphatase complexes are assembled to induce precise spatially and temporally controlled dephosphorylation of kinase substrates remains a key open question with important therapeutic ramifications^[@CR53],[@CR54]^. Here, we show that ASPP proteins form a PP1-containing complex with Ccdc85 and members of the N-terminal RASSF family (Figs. [1](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}, |
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] | strategy of trying to convince hunters that NRA doesn’t represent them because of one bill that appears to have covered many national land access issues. And, since those access issues might possibly be used by energy companies and some guys who own energy companies in Texas happen to like guns and donate to NRA, CLEARLY the evidence is overwhelming that NRA hates hunters…or something. (Heavy sarcasm in that summary if you couldn’t tell.)
This is a pretty hard sell to make considering that 3/4 of NRA members report that they are hunters, according to NRA President Jim Porter’s report at the recent board meeting. In fact, the organization launched a Hunter Leadership Forum event at this year’s annual meeting that raised more than $2 million for hunting programs at NRA.
So, I would say that the evidence shows NRA is quite connected to the hunting community. Will there be times that legislation is more complex and touches on issues that non-hunting access? Yes. But that doesn’t mean that NRA is “turning…against hunters.” It is also just a bit of a stretch to argue that because NRA accepts some donations from Texas families who own guns and hunt that happen to be in the energy sector that they are now energy industry lobbyists because of one or two bills. This looks like an attempt to try and see if they can pull some of those hunting supporters away from the organization since hunters are clearly such a huge part of the NRA “family.”// Copyright 2017 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Firebase.Unity.Editor;
namespace Hamster.States {
// Basic account management GUI. Allows you to add
// an email to your anonymous account, or to log out.
class ManageAccount : BaseState {
private Menus.ManageAccountGUI menuComponent;
Firebase.Auth.FirebaseAuth auth;
public override void Resume(StateExitValue results) {
InitializeUI();
if (results != null) {
if (results.sourceState == typeof(WaitForTask)) {
WaitForTask.Results taskResults = results.data as WaitForTask.Results;
if (taskResults.task.IsFaulted) {
manager.PushState(new BasicDialog(
Utilities.StringHelper.SigninInFailureString(taskResults.task)));
}
}
}
}
// Initialization method. Called after the state
// is added to the stack.
public override void Initialize() {
auth = Firebase.Auth.FirebaseAuth.DefaultInstance;
InitializeUI();
}
private void InitializeUI() {
if (menuComponent == null) {
menuComponent = SpawnUI<Menus.ManageAccountGUI>(StringConstants.PrefabsManageAccountMenu);
}
ShowUI();
bool isAnon = auth.CurrentUser == null || auth.CurrentUser.IsAnonymous;
menuComponent.SignedIntoEmailText.gameObject.SetActive(!isAnon);
menuComponent.EmailText.gameObject.SetActive(!isAnon);
menuComponent.SignedIntoAnonText.gameObject.SetActive(isAnon);
menuComponent.AddEmailButton.gameObject.SetActive(isAnon);
menuComponent.AddGooglePlayButton.gameObject.SetActive(SignInState.GetState() != SignInState.State.GooglePlayServices);
menuComponent.SignOutButton.gameObject.SetActive(!isAnon);
if (!isAnon) {
string text;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(auth.CurrentUser.DisplayName)) {
text = auth.CurrentUser.DisplayName + '\n';
} else {
text = StringConstants.UploadScoreDefaultName + '\n';
}
text += auth.CurrentUser.Email;
menuComponent.EmailText.text = text;
}
}
public override void Suspend() {
HideUI();
}
public override StateExitValue Cleanup() {
DestroyUI();
return new StateExitValue(typeof(ManageAccount));
}
public override void HandleUIEvent(GameObject source, object eventData) {
if (source == menuComponent.AddEmailButton.gameObject) {
manager.PushState(new AddEmail());
} else if (source == menuComponent.SignOutButton.gameObject) {
auth.SignOut();
GooglePlayServicesSignIn.SignOut();
SignInState.SetState(SignInState.State.SignedOut);
manager.ClearStack(new Startup());
} else if (source == menuComponent.DeleteAccountButton.gameObject) {
manager.SwapState(new ConfirmationDialog(StringConstants.DeleteAccountDialogTitle,
StringConstants.DeleteAccountDialogMessage, new DeleteAccount(), null));
} else if (source == menuComponent.AddGooglePlayButton.gameObject) {
manager.PushState(
new WaitForTask(GooglePlayServicesSignIn.LinkAccount(),
StringConstants.LabelSigningIn, true));
} else if (source == menuComponent.MainButton.gameObject) {
manager.PopState();
}
}
}
}
Q:
Help investigating full kernel lockup - occurs when "locking" laptop
I have an HP EliteBook 820 G3 Laptop that I use with an HP docking station and 2 x Display Port monitors.
I have had endless issues with the Intel Graphics drivers for this chipset (Skylake) since I first installed Ubuntu so I suspect this could be graphics related.
Description of the problem
Whenever I step away from my laptop I lock it (Super + L) and 3/5 times the system will freeze completely.
All 3 monitors will blink and then the primary monitor will turn back on and display the last frame interspersed with grey lines. If there is any music playing at this point it will get stuck in a 1 second loop.
When this happens I cannot get to console prompt, I cannot use SysRq + REISUB, the system is completely frozen.
(For info - I know REISUB works because I can use it with a running kernel and I have enabled full SysRq features)
What I've tried so far...
As I've said already, I've had endless graphics issues so far with this laptop - everything is fine until I connect to the dock with 2 x Display Port monitors, then it all goes to hell.
The lockup described above has been around since day 1 but with varying frequency.
Early on I had to upgrade to an Intel Nightly kernel after an Ubuntu kernel update broke my setup. I went back to Ubuntu mainline (4.4.0.36) after the issue was fixed. I get a lot of screen flicker though so I switched to the "recommended" Graphics Stack for Intel.
I used the Ubuntu 4.7.2 Kernel and built the rest of the components manually. This works quite well - there is no annoying flicker but the full system lockup seems worse.
I tried the 4.8 Kernel as well but there are regressions in i915 which make the flicker worse.
Google this error for more info on the flicker:
[drm:gen8_irq_handler [i915]] *ERROR* CPU pipe B FIFO underrun
What to try next?
This is where I need help...
After a lockup and reboot I have checked
/var/logs/kern.log
/var/logs/Xorg.0.log
/var/crash
and I cannot see anything of value in there. It's like the system was running and then it wasn't.
Is there additional debug I can enable and how can I do this?
Logs
kern.log - http://pastebin.ubuntu.com/23307122/
Xorg.0.log.old - http://pastebin.ubuntu.com/23307124/
glxinfo - http://pastebin.ubuntu.com/23307130/
lshw - http://pastebin.ubuntu.com/23307136/
Please let me know if there are other logs I can provide that may help...
A:
Answering my own question so I can close this issue....
After months of trying various things the best solution was to upgrade to Ubuntu 16.10. There are a lot of Intel specific updates in the newer kernels and this seems to have resolved my |
[
642,
306,
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] | novembre del 1494," _ASI_ 1 (1842) 362–375.
3. _Prediche sopra Ruth e Michea_ II, 325–326 (October 28, 1496). Ridolfi believes that Savonarola took part in writing the agreement when he was a member of the earlier embassy to the king, but there is no credible evidence for this. Ridolfi, _Vita_ 72–73.
4. Parenti, _Storia_ I, 147.
5. Landucci, _Diario_ 87–88.
6. _Prediche sopra Aggeo_ 105–122.
7. Parenti, _Storia_ I, 147–148.
8. The Twelve Companies formed one of the two Colleges advisory to the Signoria. Each company was headed by a Gonfaloniere or Standard Bearer.
9. Quoted by Nicolai Rubinstein, "Politics and Constitution in Florence at the End of the Fifteenth Century," _Italian Renaissance Studies,_ ed. E. F. Jacob (London, 1960), 153.
10. _Prediche sopra i Salmi_ I, 203–204.
11. _Prediche sopra Aggeo_ 166–167 (December 10). Much of what follows is from these sermons on Haggai preached between November 1 and December 28, 1494.
Emphasis added.
12. _Prediche sopra i Salmi_ I, 8.
13. Francesco Guicciardini, _The History of Florence,_ trans. Mario Domandi (New York, 1970) 102.
14. _Prediche sopra Aggeo_ 208.
15. _I processi_ 5.
16. Rubinstein, "Politics and Constitution" 164.
17. _Prediche sopra Aggeo_ 227 (December 14).
18. Ibid. 226.
19. Ibid. 122.
20. Parenti, _Storia_ I, 157.
21. Felix Gilbert, "The Venetian Constitution in Florentine Political Thought," _Florentine Studies: Politics and Society in Renaissance Florence,_ ed. N. Rubinstein (London, 1968) esp. 475–477. On the myth of Venice in Florence, see Renzo Pecchioli, "Il 'mito' di Venezia e la crisi fiorentina intorno al 1500," _Studi storici_ 3 (1962) 451–492, repr. in Pecchioli, _Dal 'mito' di Venezia all' 'ideologia americana'_ (Venice, 1983) 19–73.
22. He referred to it as a government of ottimati in a sermon of February 18, 1496, as noted by Paolo Prodi, "Gl'affanni della democrazia," _Savonarola e la Politica,_ ed. Gian Carlo Garfagnini (Florence, 1997) 32.
23. On this point, see especially Giorgio Cadoni, "Tale stato non può stare così," ibid. 94–95.
24. Parenti, _Storia_ I, 159.
25. Rubinstein, "Politics and Constitution" 161.
26. Guidubaldo Guidi, _Ciò che accade al tempo della Signoria di novembre dicembre in Firenze l'anno 1494_ (Florence, 1988) pt. 3; Nicolai Rubinstein, "I primi anni del Consiglio Maggiore di Firenze, 1494–1499," _ASI_ 112 (1954) 151–194, 321–347.
27. The Signoria consisted of eight elected Priors and the Gonfaloniere (Standard Bearer) of Justice elected by them. The Dodici Buon'Uomini, or Twelve Good Men, was essentially a war and foreign affairs ministry. For the development of these magistracies, see Najemy, _History_ passim.
28. _Prediche sopra Aggeo_ 319.
29. Savonarola included the Council of Eighty, composed of "the first men of the city" (and chosen by members of the Great Council), as an integral part of the new system, its function to provide expertise for all matters before they were taken up by the Consiglio Maggiore. _Compendio di rivelazioni_ 68.
30. Parenti, _Storia_ I, 161–162.
31. Roslyn Cooper analyzes officeholding in the Savonarolan republic and concludes that the reforms of December 23 allowed the patricians to maintain their control. See her "The Florentine Ruling Group under the 'Governo Popolare,' 1494–1512," _Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History_ 7 (1984/5) 71–181. Giorgio Cadoni argues against this thesis in _Lotte politiche e riforme istituzionali a Firenze tra il 1494 e il 1502_ (Rome, 1999) 5–17. Francesca Klein tends to support Cooper in her "Il mito del governo largo: Riordinamento istituzionale e prassi politica nella Firenze savonaroliana," _Studi savonaroliani: verso il V centenario,_ ed. Gian Carlo Garfagnini (Florence, 1995) and "Obtenere la provvisione cimentata Cenni intorno al procedimento legislativo nel periodo savonaroliano," _Savonarola e la politica,_ ed. Gian Carlo Garfagnini (Florence, 1997). None of these scholars disputes the sincerity of Savonarola's commitment to a governo largo, however.
32. _Prediche sopra Aggeo_ 426.
33. Ibid. 349–360.
34. This sermon has not survived. Savonarola mentioned it on January 6. _Prediche sopra i Salmi_ I, 9.
35. (December 25, 1494) _Prediche sopra Aggeo_ 382. Rab Hatfield, who quotes the passage, notes that in his annotations to the Bible of 1491 (formerly attributed to Savonarola himself) fra Domenico da Pescia talks of the prophecy that Christ will actually be born in Florence. "Botticelli's _Mystic Nativity,_ Savonarola and the Millennium," _JWC_ 58 (1995) 89–114; esp. 100–101.
CHAPTER 11. Toward the New Jerusalem
1. _Prediche sopra i Salmi_. Citations from the sermons that follow: I, 11, 12–17, 28, 79.
2. Parenti, _Storia_ I, 167.
3. _Prediche sopra i Salmi_ I, 107.
4. Ibid. 26. In a statement to his interrogators, however, he said that he was careful not to call his opponents Arrabbiati because he wanted "to maintain my honor." _I processi_ 27 (April 23, 1498).
5. Louis F. Marks, "La crisi finanziaria a Firenze dal 1494 al 1502," _ASI_ 112 (1954) 40–72.
6. _Prediche sopra i Salmi_ I, 27–28.
7. The sermon is in ibid. 37–62. With a few minor modifications I quote from the English translation of the sermon in _Selected Writings_ 59–76.
8. _Prediche sopra i Salmi_ I, 55. On Savonarola's visions and their illustrations, see Beebe, "Savonarolan Aesthetics."
9. Rubinstein, _Palazzo Vecchio_ 40–42.
10. Parenti, _Storia_ I, 169.
11. Landucci, _Diario_ 129, 131; J. K. Wilde, "The Hall of the Great Council of Florence," _JW_ 7 (1944): 68–81.
12. On the palace discussion, Polizzotto, _Elect Nation_ 58–61, where Giovanni Caroli is identified as Savonarola's principal antagonist.
13. _Prediche sopra i Salmi_ I, 98.
14. On the collaboration and common features as well as differences between the two works, Garin, _Giovanni Pico della Mirandola_ 192–193 and passim.
15. _Vita per Ioannem Franciscum illust. principem Pici filium conscripta, in Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Opera omnia_ I, no pagination. A partial English translation is _Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: His Life by His Nephew Giovanni Francesco Pico . . . Translated from the Latin by Sir Thomas More,_ ed. J. M. Rigg (London, 1890).
16. On Camilla's prophecy, _I processi,_ 117–119.
17. Pietro Crinito, _De honesta disciplina,_ ed. Carlo Angeleri (Rome, 1955) 104–105.
18. Poliziano, _Letters_ I, 27. On |
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] |
.clearFix:after {
content: " ";
display: table;
}
.clearFix:after {
clear: both;
}
Additionally, if you want to add border directly to body, taking in consideration that html, body are set to 100%, in order to make visible the bottom border you might want to add
box-sizing:border-box;
to your body element.
jsBin demo of body with visible bottom border
// Copyright 2008-2018 Yolo Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. https://www.comblockengine.com
#ifndef CLIENT_OBJECT_BASE_H
#define CLIENT_OBJECT_BASE_H
#include "event.h"
#include "script_callbacks.h"
#include "common/common.h"
#include "common/memorystream.h"
#include "helper/debug_helper.h"
#include "helper/script_loglevel.h"
#include "pyscript/scriptobject.h"
#include "entitydef/entities.h"
#include "entitydef/common.h"
#include "server/callbackmgr.h"
#include "server/server_errors.h"
#include "math/math.h"
namespace KBEngine{
namespace client{
class Entity;
}
class EntityCall;
class EntityCallAbstract;
namespace Network
{
class Channel;
}
class ClientObjectBase : public script::ScriptObject
{
/**
子类化 将一些py操作填充进派生类
*/
INSTANCE_SCRIPT_HREADER(ClientObjectBase, ScriptObject)
public:
ClientObjectBase(Network::NetworkInterface& ninterface, PyTypeObject* pyType = NULL);
virtual ~ClientObjectBase();
Network::Channel* pServerChannel() const{ return pServerChannel_; }
void pServerChannel(Network::Channel* pChannel){ pServerChannel_ = pChannel; }
virtual void finalise(void);
virtual void reset(void);
virtual void canReset(bool v){ canReset_ = v; }
Entities<client::Entity>* pEntities() const{ return pEntities_; }
/**
创建一个entity
*/
client::Entity* createEntity(const char* entityType, PyObject* params,
bool isInitializeScript = true, ENTITY_ID eid = 0, bool initProperty = true,
EntityCall* base = NULL, EntityCall* cell = NULL);
PY_CALLBACKMGR& callbackMgr(){ return pyCallbackMgr_; }
/**
通过entityID销毁一个entity
*/
virtual bool destroyEntity(ENTITY_ID entityID, bool callScript);
void tickSend();
virtual Network::Channel* initLoginappChannel(std::string accountName,
std::string passwd, std::string ip, KBEngine::uint32 port);
virtual Network::Channel* initBaseappChannel();
bool createAccount();
bool login();
virtual void onLogin(Network::Bundle* pBundle);
bool loginBaseapp();
bool reloginBaseapp();
int32 appID() const{ return appID_; }
const char* name(){ return name_.c_str(); }
ENTITY_ID entityID(){ return entityID_; }
DBID dbid(){ return dbid_; }
bool registerEventHandle(EventHandle* pEventHandle);
bool deregisterEventHandle(EventHandle* pEventHandle);
void fireEvent(const EventData* pEventData);
EventHandler& eventHandler(){ return eventHandler_; }
static PyObject* __pyget_pyGetEntities(PyObject *self, void *closure)
{
ClientObjectBase* pClientObjectBase = static_cast<ClientObjectBase*>(self);
Py_INCREF(pClientObjectBase->pEntities());
return pClientObjectBase->pEntities();
}
static PyObject* __pyget_pyGetID(PyObject *self, void *closure){
ClientObjectBase* pClientObjectBase = static_cast<ClientObjectBase*>(self);
return PyLong_FromLong(pClientObjectBase->appID());
}
static PyObject* __py_getPlayer(PyObject *self, void *args);
static PyObject* __py_callback(PyObject* self, PyObject* args);
static PyObject* __py_cancelCallback(PyObject* self, PyObject* args);
static PyObject* __py_getWatcher(PyObject* self, PyObject* args);
static PyObject* __py_getWatcherDir(PyObject* self, PyObject* args);
static PyObject* __py_disconnect(PyObject* self, PyObject* args);
/**
如果entitiessize小于256
通过索引位置来获取entityID
否则直接取ID
*/
ENTITY_ID readEntityIDFromStream(MemoryStream& s);
/**
由entityCall来尝试获取一个channel的实例
*/
virtual Network::Channel* findChannelByEntityCall(EntityCallAbstract& entityCall);
/**
通过entity的ID尝试寻找它的实例
*/
virtual PyObject* tryGetEntity(COMPONENT_ID componentID, ENTITY_ID entityID);
/** 网络接口
客户端与服务端第一次建立交互, 服务端返回
*/
virtual void onHelloCB_(Network::Channel* pChannel, const std::string& verInfo,
const std::string& scriptVerInfo, const std::string& protocolMD5,
const std::string& entityDefMD5, COMPONENT_TYPE componentType);
virtual void onHelloCB(Network::Channel* pChannel, MemoryStream& s);
/** 网络接口
和服务端的版本不匹配
*/
virtual void onVersionNotMatch(Network::Channel* pChannel, MemoryStream& s);
/** 网络接口
和服务端的脚本层版本不匹配
*/
virtual void onScriptVersionNotMatch(Network::Channel* pChannel, MemoryStream& s);
/** 网络接口
创建账号成功和失败回调
@failedcode: 失败返回码 NETWORK_ERR_SRV_NO_READY:服务器没有准备好,
NETWORK_ERR_ACCOUNT_CREATE:创建失败（已经存在）,
NETWORK_SUCCESS:账号创建成功
SERVER_ERROR_CODE failedcode;
@二进制附带数据:二进制额外数据: uint32长度 + bytearray
*/
virtual void onCreateAccountResult(Network::Channel * pChannel, MemoryStream& s);
/** 网络接口
登录失败回调
@failedcode: 失败返回码 NETWORK_ERR_SRV_NO_READY:服务器没有准备好,
NETWORK_ERR_SRV_OVERLOAD:服务器负载过重,
NETWORK_ERR_NAME_PASSWORD:用户名或者密码不正确
*/
virtual void onLoginFailed(Network::Channel * pChannel, MemoryStream& s);
/** 网络接口
登录成功
@ip: 服务器ip地址
@port: 服务器端口
*/
virtual void onLoginSuccessfully(Network::Channel * pChannel, MemoryStream& s);
/** 网络接口
登录失败回调
@failedcode: 失败返回码 NETWORK_ERR_SRV_NO_READY:服务器没有准备好,
NETWORK_ERR_ILLEGAL_LOGIN:非法登录,
NETWORK_ERR_NAME_PASSWORD:用户名或者密码不正确
*/
virtual void onLoginBaseappFailed(Network::Channel * pChannel, SERVER_ERROR_CODE failedcode);
virtual void onReloginBaseappFailed(Network::Channel * p |
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] | 8Array;
generator: Uint8Array;
}
interface DhKeyDeriveParams extends Algorithm {
public: CryptoKey;
}
interface DhImportKeyParams extends Algorithm {
prime: Uint8Array;
generator: Uint8Array;
}
interface ConcatParams extends Algorithm {
hash?: AlgorithmIdentifier;
algorithmId: Uint8Array;
partyUInfo: Uint8Array;
partyVInfo: Uint8Array;
publicInfo?: Uint8Array;
privateInfo?: Uint8Array;
}
interface HkdfCtrParams extends Algorithm {
hash: AlgorithmIdentifier;
label: BufferSource;
context: BufferSource;
}
interface Pbkdf2Params extends Algorithm {
salt: BufferSource;
iterations: number;
hash: AlgorithmIdentifier;
}
interface RsaOtherPrimesInfo {
r: string;
d: string;
t: string;
}
interface JsonWebKey {
kty: string;
use?: string;
key_ops?: string[];
alg?: string;
kid?: string;
x5u?: string;
x5c?: string;
x5t?: string;
ext?: boolean;
crv?: string;
x?: string;
y?: string;
d?: string;
n?: string;
e?: string;
p?: string;
q?: string;
dp?: string;
dq?: string;
qi?: string;
oth?: RsaOtherPrimesInfo[];
k?: string;
}
interface EventListenerOptions {
capture?: boolean;
}
interface AddEventListenerOptions extends EventListenerOptions {
passive?: boolean;
once?: boolean;
}
interface AbortController {
readonly signal: AbortSignal;
abort(): void;
}
declare var AbortController: {
prototype: AbortController;
new(): AbortController;
};
interface AbortSignal extends EventTarget {
readonly aborted: boolean;
onabort: (ev: Event) => any;
}
interface EventSource extends EventTarget {
readonly url: string;
readonly withCredentials: boolean;
readonly CONNECTING: number;
readonly OPEN: number;
readonly CLOSED: number;
readonly readyState: number;
onopen: (evt: MessageEvent) => any;
onmessage: (evt: MessageEvent) => any;
onerror: (evt: MessageEvent) => any;
close(): void;
}
declare var EventSource: {
prototype: EventSource;
new(url: string, eventSourceInitDict?: EventSourceInit): EventSource;
};
interface EventSourceInit {
readonly withCredentials: boolean;
}
declare type EventListenerOrEventListenerObject = EventListener | EventListenerObject;
interface DecodeErrorCallback {
(error: DOMException): void;
}
interface DecodeSuccessCallback {
(decodedData: AudioBuffer): void;
}
interface ErrorEventHandler {
(message: string, filename?: string, lineno?: number, colno?: number, error?: Error): void;
}
interface ForEachCallback {
(keyId: any, status: MediaKeyStatus): void;
}
interface FunctionStringCallback {
(data: string): void;
}
interface NotificationPermissionCallback {
(permission: NotificationPermission): void;
}
interface PositionCallback {
(position: Position): void;
}
interface PositionErrorCallback {
(error: PositionError): void;
}
declare var onmessage: (this: DedicatedWorkerGlobalScope, ev: MessageEvent) => any;
declare function close(): void;
declare function postMessage(message: any, transfer?: any[]): void;
declare var caches: CacheStorage;
declare var isSecureContext: boolean;
declare var location: WorkerLocation;
declare var onerror: (this: DedicatedWorkerGlobalScope, ev: ErrorEvent) => any;
declare var performance: Performance;
declare var self: WorkerGlobalScope;
declare function msWriteProfilerMark(profilerMarkName: string): void;
declare function createImageBitmap(image: ImageBitmap | ImageData | Blob, options?: ImageBitmapOptions): Promise<ImageBitmap>;
declare function createImageBitmap(image: ImageBitmap | ImageData | Blob, sx: number, sy: number, sw: number, sh: number, options?: ImageBitmapOptions): Promise<ImageBitmap>;
declare function dispatchEvent(evt: Event): boolean;
declare var indexedDB: IDBFactory;
declare var msIndexedDB: IDBFactory;
declare var navigator: WorkerNavigator;
declare function clearImmediate(handle: number): void;
declare function clearInterval(handle: number): void;
declare function clearTimeout(handle: number): void;
declare function importScripts(...urls: string[]): void;
declare function setImmediate(handler: (...args: any[]) => void): number;
declare function setImmediate(handler: any, ...args: any[]): number;
declare function setInterval(handler: (...args: any[]) => void, timeout: number): number;
declare function setInterval(handler: any, timeout?: any, ...args: any[]): number;
declare function setTimeout(handler: (...args: any[]) => void, timeout: number): number;
declare function setTimeout(handler: any, timeout?: any, ...args: any[]): number;
declare function atob(encodedString: string): string;
declare function btoa(rawString: string): string;
declare var console: Console;
declare function fetch(input: RequestInfo, init?: RequestInit): Promise<Response>;
declare function dispatchEvent(evt: Event): boolean;
declare function addEventListener<K extends keyof DedicatedWorkerGlobalScopeEventMap>(type: K, listener: (this: DedicatedWorkerGlobalScope, ev: DedicatedWorkerGlobalScopeEventMap[K]) => any, options?: boolean | AddEventListenerOptions): void;
declare function addEventListener(type: string, listener: EventListenerOrEventListenerObject, options?: boolean | AddEventListenerOptions): void;
declare function removeEventListener<K extends keyof DedicatedWorkerGlobalScopeEventMap>(type: K, listener: (this: DedicatedWorkerGlobalScope, ev: DedicatedWorkerGlobalScopeEventMap[K]) => any, options?: boolean | EventListenerOptions): void;
declare function removeEventListener(type: string, listener: EventListenerOrEventListenerObject, options?: boolean | EventListenerOptions): void;
type AlgorithmIdentifier = string | Algorithm;
type BodyInit = Blob | BufferSource | FormData | string;
type IDBKeyPath = string;
type RequestInfo = Request | string;
type USVString = string;
type IDBValidKey = number | string | Date | IDBArrayKey;
type BufferSource = ArrayBuffer | ArrayBufferView;
type FormDataEntryValue = string | File;
type HeadersInit = Headers | string[][] | { [key: string]: string };
type IDBCursorDirection = "next" | "nextunique" | "prev" | "prevunique";
type IDBRequestReadyState = "pending" | "done";
type IDBTransactionMode = "readonly" | "readwrite" | "versionchange";
type MediaKeyStatus = "usable" | "expired" | "output-downscaled" | "output-not-allowed" | "status-pending" | "internal-error";
type NotificationDirection = "auto" | "ltr" | "rtl";
type NotificationPermission = "default" | "denied" | "granted";
type PushEncryptionKeyName = "p256dh" | "auth";
type PushPermissionState = "granted" | "denied" | "prompt";
type ReferrerPolicy = "" | "no-referrer" | "no-referrer-when-downgrade" | "origin-only" | "origin-when-cross-origin" | "unsafe-url";
type RequestCache = "default" | "no-store" | "reload" | "no-cache" | "force-cache";
type RequestCredentials = "omit" | "same-origin" | "include";
type RequestDestination = "" | "document" | "sharedworker" | "subresource" | "unknown" | "worker";
type RequestMode = "navigate" | "same-origin" | "no-cors" | "cors";
type RequestRedirect = "follow" | "error" | "manual";
type RequestType = "" | "audio" | "font" | "image" | "script" | "style" | "track" | "video";
type ResponseType = "basic" | " |
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