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This topic is part of Postinstallation Tasks for Siebel Server.
Typically, before installing and configuring additional Siebel Servers, you will complete installation and configuration for the Siebel Web Server Extension, as described in Installing and Configuring the Siebel Web Server Extension.
NOTE: Creating multiple Siebel Server configurations for a single installed Siebel Server instance is typically done only for test or development purposes. In your production environment, it is strongly recommended to configure only one Siebel Server per machine.
|Siebel Installation Guide for Microsoft Windows||Copyright © 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Legal Notices.|
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|C H A P T E R 1|
Information on DR models
Details on getting started with DR configuration
An overview of DR configuration tasks
Prerequisite tasks to be completed before a DR detach operation
Details on the configuration changes that occur during DR detach operations and how to control certain conditions when a detach operation is in progress
Note - In this document, the phrase "DR detach operation" refers to the complete detach or removal of a system board. This detach operation can be accomplished by using the ADR command deleteboard(1M). For instructions on detaching boards from Solaris 9 domains (which support only DR model 3.0), refer to the Sun Enterprise 10000 Dynamic Reconfiguration User Guide (part number 816-3627-10).
There are two models of DR available for the Sun Enterprise 10000 system. DR model 2.0 is sometimes referred to as "legacy DR," and DR model 3.0 is referred to as "next generation DR." The following table shows the different versions of the Solaris operating environment and the SSP software that are used with DR models 2.0 and 3.0:
Only one model of DR can run within a domain at a time. To check the version of DR that is running, use the domain_status command with its -m option (available only on domains running version 3.5 of the SSP software). Make sure to verify the DR model before you execute any DR commands. The following is an example of the domain_status (1M) output. The DR-MODEL column indicates which model is enabled
According to this output, domain A is running Solaris version 8 software (OS 5.8) with DR model 2.0 enabled; domain B is running Solaris version 8 software with DR model 3.0 enabled; domain C is running Solaris version 7 software (OS 5.7) with DR model 2.0 enabled; and domain D is running Solaris version 9 software (OS 5.9) with DR model 3.0 enabled.
Caution Caution - Before you switch to DR 3.0 in a domain that is running the Solaris 8 10/01 operating environment, you must upgrade the SSP software to version 3.5 because previous versions of SSP do not support DR 3.0 operations.
For more information about using DR 2.0, see the the Sun Enterprise 10000 Dynamic Reconfiguration (DR) User Guide (part number 806-7616-10). For more information about using DR 3.0, see the Sun Enterprise 10000 Dynamic Reconfiguration (DR) User Guide (part number 816-3627-10).
DR 3.0 has a framework that offers better integration with applications, through the Reconfiguration Coordination Manager.
DR 3.0 supports network multipathing using IPMP.
You execute DR operations from either of two places: from the system service processor (SSP) by using the SSP commands-- addboard (1M), moveboard (1M), deleteboard (1M), rcfgadm (1M), and showdevices (1M); or from the domain, using the cfgadm(1M) command.
To use multipathing on DR model 3.0 domains, run IPMP (the IP multi-pathing software provided with the Solaris 8 operating environment) and MPxIO software, included in Solaris Kernal Update Patches 111412-02, 111413-02, 111095-02, 111096-02, and 111097-02.
Be familiar with how devices must be configured before DR detach operations, as explained in Device Prerequisites .
Verify that you have sufficient swap space for your domain.
For details, see Allocating Sufficient Domain Swap Space .
Qualify any third-party device drivers, as described in Qualifying Third-Party Device Drivers .
Detach-safe or not currently loaded
A detach-safe driver supports the device driver interface (DDI) function, DDI_DETACH . This function provides the ability to detach a particular instance of a driver without affecting other instances that are servicing other devices.
A detach-unsafe driver is one that does not support DDI_DETACH . If a detach-unsafe driver is loaded, you must unload it before performing a DR detach operation. For details on unloading a detach-unsafe device, see Preparing for DR Detach Operations .
Suspend-safe or closed
A suspend-safe device driver supports the quiescence (pausing) of the Solaris operating environment during the detach of a board that contains nonpageable OBP or kernel memory. In order for DR to perform the detach, the operating environment must temporarily suspend all processes, processors, and device activities to unconfigure the memory component.
A suspend-safe device supports the DDI_SUSPEND/DDI_RESUME function. This function enables a device to be suspended during a system quiescence and then resumed. The device managed by the driver will not attempt to access the domain centerplane (for example, it does not access memory or interrupt the system), even if the device is open when the suspend request is made. The quiescence only affects the target domain; other domains are not affected.
If a driver does not support the function DDI_SUSPEND/DDI_RESUME , the device is considered to be suspend-unsafe because the operating environment cannot quiesce if a suspend-unsafe device is present. If a system quiescence is required for a DR detach operation, you must manually suspend a suspend-unsafe device so that the quiescence can occur. For details, see To Manually Suspend a Suspend-Unsafe Device .
Note Note - The drivers currently released by Sun Microsystems that are known to be suspend-safe are: st, sd, isp, esp, fas, sbus, pci, pci-pci, qfe, and hme (Sun FastEthernet); nf (NPI-FDDI); qe (Quad Ethernet); le (Lance Ethernet); the SSA drivers (soc, pln, and ssd); and the Sun StorEdge A5000 drivers (sf, socal, and ses). For additional information about suspend-safe and detach-safe device drivers, contact your Sun service representative.
The domain swap configuration consists of the swap devices and swapfs (memory). The domain must contain enough swap space so that it can flush pageable memory. For example, if you want to remove 1 Gbyte of memory from a 2-Gbyte domain, you will need 1 Gbyte of swap space, depending on the load. Insufficient swap space can prevent the completion of a DR operation.
The domain swap space must be configured as multiple partitions on disks attached to controllers hosted by different boards. With this type of configuration, a particular swap partition is not a vital resource because swap partitions can be added and deleted dynamically (refer to the swap (1M) man page for more information).
Many third-party drivers (those purchased from vendors other than Sun Microsystems) do not support the standard Solaris modunload (1M) interface, which is used to unload detach-unsafe or suspend-unsafe device drivers. Conditions that invoke the driver functions occur infrequently during normal operation and the functions are sometimes missing or work improperly. Sun Microsystems suggests that you test these driver functions during the qualification and installation phases of any third-party device.
This section identifies the various configuration tasks that you must complete before running DR operations on Solaris 9 domains (which support only DR model 3.0). Note that it may not be necessary to perform all the tasks described in this section, depending on the types of devices on your system boards and the type of DR operation to be performed.
After you configure DR or whenever you make changes to the DR configuration, you must reboot your domain. If you want to minimize the number of domain reboots, determine which configuration tasks are applicable to your DR environment and then perform the appropriate set of configuration tasks before rebooting your domain.
If you intend to perform DR detach operations, enable the kernel cage, as explained in To Enable the Kernel Cage .
For devices, do the following:
If you set network configuration parameters manually, make these settings permanent as described in To Set Permanent Driver Parameters for Network Drivers .
If you have soc and pln devices, enable device suspension, as described in To Enable Device Suspension for the soc and pln Drivers .
If you have suspend-unsafe devices, specify those devices in the unsafe driver list, which blocks a quiesce from starting.
For details, see To Specify an Unsafe Driver List .
If you have tape devices that are not supported by Sun Microsystems, make those devices detach-safe.
For details, see To Make an Unsupported Tape Device Detach-Safe .
If you want to use multipathing, configure your domain for multipathing and run the appropriate multipathing software on the domain.
Reboot the domain to process the configuration changes.
Note Note - You must reboot the domain after any changes to the DR configuration. If you want to minimize the number of reboots, you may want to perform various configuration tasks then reboot the domain.
After the reboot completes successfully, review the /var/adm/messages file for messages that verify the DR configuration changes.
A caged kernel confines the nonpageable memory to a minimal (most often one) number of systems boards. By default the kernel cage is disabled, preventing DR detach operations. If you plan to perform DR detach operations, you must enable the kernel cage by using the system (4) variable kernel_cage_enable , as explained in the following procedure.
Note Note - Before the release of version 7 of the Solaris software, the dr-max-mem variable was used to enable DR. The dr-max-mem variable is not used to enable DR in version 7 and subsequent versions of the Solaris software.
DR reads this list when it prepares to suspend the operating environment so that a board containing nonpageable memory can be detached. If DR finds an active driver in the unsafe driver list, it aborts the operation and returns an error message. The message identifies the active, unsafe driver. You must manually suspend the device so that the DR operation can be performed.
For the Solaris 9 operating environment, tape devices that are natively supported by Sun Microsystems are suspend-safe and detach-safe. For details, refer to the st (7D) man page for a list of natively-supported drives. If a system board to be detached contains a natively-supported tape device, you can safely detach the board without suspending the device.
You must prepare a board for DR detach operations by following the steps described below. Although the following list of tasks implies a sequence of order, strict adherence to the order is not necessary. These steps apply to boards containing I/O or non-network devices. .
Unmount file systems.
If you have suspend-unsafe devices that manage file systems, unmount those file systems before a detach operation. If have to manually suspend unsafe devices that manage file systems, lock those file systems using the lockfs (1M) command before manually suspending the unsafe devices.
Remove disk partitions from the swap configuration by using swap (1M).
If you want to detach a board that hosts Sun StorEdge A3000 controllers, make those controllers idle or take them offline manually using the rm6 or rdacutil programs.
Close all non-network devices by doing the following:
Close all instances of a device by killing any processes that directly open the device or raw partition, or by directing the process to close an open device on the board.
Run modunload (1M) to unload each detach-unsafe or loaded device driver.
Note Note - In situations where you cannot unload a device that has an unsafe driver, you can blacklist the board that contains the unsafe device and then reboot the domain. You can remove the board later. For details on blacklisting, refer to the blacklist(1M) man page.
Processes bound to the processors of a board prevent that board from being detached. You can use pbind (1M) to rebind them to other processors.
How you can control forcible conditions that affect system quiescence during a DR detach operation in progress
Various configuration changes performed by DR during DR detach operations
If the Solaris operating environment cannot quiesce during a DR detach operation involving a board with nonpageable memory, it displays the reason why it cannot quiesce. For example, a suspend-unsafe device is open that cannot be quiesced by the operating environment.
A failure to quiesce due to open suspend-unsafe devices is known as a forcible condition . You have the option to retry the operation, or you can try to force the quiescence. The conditions that cause processes not to suspend are generally temporary in nature. You can retry the operation until the quiescence succeeds.
When you try to force the quiescence, you give the operating environment permission to continue with the quiescence even if forcible conditions are still present. Doing this forces the operating environment to permit the detach. Note that, although a detach can be forced to proceed when there are open suspend-unsafe devices in the system, it is not possible to force a detach when a detach-unsafe device resides on the board and its driver is loaded
The most straightforward way to quiesce a domain is to close any suspend-unsafe devices. For each network driver you must execute the ifconfig (1M) command with its down parameter, then again with its unplumb parameter (refer to the ifconfig (1M) man page for more information).
Note Note - It should be possible to unplumb all network drivers. However, this action is rarely tested in normal environments and may result in driver error conditions. If you use DR, Sun Microsystems suggests that you test these driver functions during the qualification and installation phases of any suspend-unsafe device.
If a suspend-unsafe device is open and cannot be closed, you can manually suspend the device, and then force the operating environment to quiesce. After the operating environment resumes, you can manually resume the device as explained below.
Note Note - If you cannot make a device suspend its access to the domain centerplane, do not force the operating environment to quiesce. Doing so could cause a domain to crash or hang. Instead, postpone the DR operation until the suspend-unsafe device is no longer open.
For example, if a device that allows asynchronous unsolicited input is open, you can disconnect its cables prior to quiescing the operating environment, preventing traffic from arriving at the device and the device from accessing the domain centerplane. You can reconnect the cables after the operating environment resumes.
Caution Caution - If you attempt a forced quiesce operation while activity is occurring on a suspend-unsafe device, the domain may hang. However, if the domain hangs, it will not affect other domains that are running on the Sun Enterprise 10000 system.
Caution Caution - Exercise care when using the force option. To successfully force the operating environment to quiesce, you must first manually quiesce the controller. Procedures to do that, if any, are device-specific. The device must not transfer any data, reference memory, or generate interrupts during the operation. Be sure to test any procedures used to quiesce the controller while it is open before running them on a production system. Using the force option to quiesce the operating environment, without first successfully quiescing the controller, can result in a domain failure and subsequent reboot.
The interface is the primary network interface for the domain; that is, the interface whose IP address corresponds to the network interface name contained in the file /etc/nodename .
Note that bringing down the primary network interface for the domain prevents network information name services from operating, which results in the inability to make network connections to remote hosts using applications such as ftp (1), rsh (1), rcp (1), rlogin (1). NFS client and server operations are also affected.
The interface is on the same subnet as the SSP host for the system; that is, the subnet of the IP address that corresponds to the SSP host name found in
Bringing down this interface interrupts communication between the host and SSP. Because DR operations are initiated on the SSP, control of the detach process would be lost. Note that the /etc/ssphostname file contains the name of the SSP that controls the host; therefore, if you rename the SSP, you must manually update the /etc/ssphostname file.
2. If the dcs daemon is configured in /etc/inetd.conf , kill dcs (1M) if it is currently running, and send a HUP signal to the inetd (1M) daemon to cause it to re-read the inetd.conf (4) configuration file:
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Fotoview Pop Art Studio v.5.2 Batch Edition - Silent Installation | 46.1 Mb
Create your own Pop Art masterpiece of art in the famous Andy Warhol or style of Roy Lichtenstein. Pop Art Studio contains many Andy Warhol effects and the famous Roy Lichtenstein effect. This program offers a large selection of filters, gradients and color adjustment. Contains many features for editing text and the service program, figures / background to create an unlimited number of unique images of pop art.
Pop Art Studio is very easy to use graphics editing software. It supports BMP, JPG, GIF, PNG, TIFF and PSD (Photoshop) formatted images. Pop Art Studio contains many Andy Warhol effects and the famous Roy Lichtenstein effect. The program provides an endless selection of text and drawing tools, filters and color adjustment capabilities. Layers allow you to create complex compositions.
Key Features - Andy Warhol Batch image processing: Che, Marilyn, Mao, Coca Cola, ... - Film Strips, Postage Stamps, Stamp Sheets, Picture Wall Collage - Shape Collage, Clip Art Mosaic, Text Mosaic - Batch image processing (resize, flip, rotate, watermark, effects) - Yes We Can, the famous Barack Obama Poster - Pop Art Girls, Typo Effect, Grammy Art, Sky Writing - M.C. Escher, Tessellation, Kaleidoscope, Seamless Tile - Star Lens Filter, Engraved, Holga, Sand, Water Drops - Techno Dots, Conical Gradient, Retro Circles, Fade To Effect - Vector and raster layers, layer groups - Examples of design elements: banners, logo's, buttons, animations - Scale, resize, crop, flip and rotate images - Blur, color, deform, edge, artistic, and texture effects - Measure, paint bucket, eraser and magic eraser, clone stamp - Brush, airbrush, effect brush, and history brush - Automatically correct red eyes - Noise reduction, edge preserving smooth, sharpening, unsharp mask - Open, edit and save files and layers in Adobe Photoshop (PSD) format - English, Français, Deutsch, Español, Italiano, Português, Nederlands
New in version 5.2 Shape Collage. Create picture collages in any imaginable shape or form with just a few mouse clicks. Photos are automatically and intelligently placed in the collage. Use your own image as shape or choose from a large collection of clipart and images. Adjust the collage size, number of photos, and collage background.
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In-Mold Assembly of Multi-Functional Structures
Bejgerowski, Wojciech Melchior
Gupta, Satyandra K
MetadataShow full item record
Combining the recent advances in injection moldable polymer composites with the multi-material molding techniques enable fabrication of multi-functional structures to serve multiple functions (e.g., carry load, support motion, dissipate heat, store energy). Current in-mold assembly methods, however, cannot be simply scaled to create structures with miniature features, as the process conditions and the assembly failure modes change with the feature size. This dissertation identifies and addresses the issues associated with the in-mold assembly of multi-functional structures with miniature components. First, the functional capability of embedding actuators is developed. As a part of this effort, computational modeling methods are developed to assess the functionality of the structure with respect to the material properties, process parameters and the heat source. Using these models, the effective material thermal conductivity required to dissipate the heat generated by the embedded small scale actuator is identified. Also, the influence of the fiber orientation on the heat dissipation performance is characterized. Finally, models for integrated product and process design are presented to ensure the miniature actuator survivability during embedding process. The second functional capability developed as a part of this dissertation is the in-mold assembly of multi-material structures capable of motion and load transfer, such as mechanisms with compliant hinges. The necessary hinge and link design features are identified. The shapes and orientations of these features are analyzed with respect to their functionality, mutual dependencies, and the process cost. The parametric model of the interface design is developed. This model is used to minimize both the final assembly weight and the mold complexity as the process cost measure. Also, to minimize the manufacturing waste and the risk of assembly failure due to unbalanced mold filling, the design optimization of runner systems used in multi-cavity molds for in-mold assembly is developed. The complete optimization model is characterized and formulated. The best method to solve the runner optimization problem is identified. To demonstrate the applicability of the tools developed in this dissertation towards the miniaturization of robotic devices, a case study of a novel miniature air vehicle drive mechanism is presented.
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28 Sep 2012:
Decline in Fisheries
Can Still be Reversed, Study Says
Although the majority of global fisheries remain in decline, they can still rebound if managed sustainably
, according to a new study. In a comprehensive statistical analysis of the world’s 10,000 fish
stocks, nearly 80 percent of which are not regulated, a team of U.S. scientists found that the world’s smaller, managed fisheries are in far worse shape than larger, regulated ones. But while those smaller fisheries, such as those for snapper, are in steep decline, “they’re not yet collapsed,” said Christopher Costello, an economist at the University of California at Santa Barbara and lead author of the study, published in the journal Science
. According to the analysis, effective management of unregulated fisheries could boost global fish abundance by 56 percent. “If we turn things around now, we can recover them in a matter of years, not decades, and that has big implications for conservation and food security,” Costello said. According to the study, major gains have been made in large fisheries, such as skipjack and albacore tuna, where strong science-based management policies have been enacted
, including the closing of some areas to let stocks recover.
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The Splendor of Cities
Brooks on Rahm Emanuel's embrace of education reform:
The people who run the federal government spend almost no time outdoors. They get driven from home to work and move through corridors from meeting to meeting. So it was a little odd after all those times interviewing Rahm Emanuel when he was the White House chief of staff to be chasing him, outside, down an icy Chicago street.
He was underdressed for the weather, as all politicians feel compelled to be, in a leather jacket and jeans, and he was knocking on doors as part of a campaign for mayor. Emanuel was a colorful figure in Washington, but back home he's off the leash.
He's clearly a much happier person — glowing, bouncing, reminiscing and hugging. Gone are all the death-grip battles with Republicans and the Washington interest groups. Now startled people in sweatpants greet him when he shows up at their doorway, sometimes wrapping him in an embrace and sometimes bringing their kids out to pose for pictures. Nearly every single person he meets gets an ebullient high-five, though the cause for each celebration is not always clear.
I was struck by how many voters wanted to talk to him about education. Chicagoans have clearly internalized the fact that their city can't prosper so long as so many public school students are dropping out. So Emanuel rips through his school reform agenda, which is like Obama's national agenda, except on steroids.
He's got a Chicago version of the Race to the Top in which schools that reform the fastest get a pot of money. He's for school performance contracts in which school leaders vow to meet certain goals or risk losing control of their schools. He's for sending school report cards out to parents so they can measure how well their own schools are performing.
February 7, 2011
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Stan has written a piece about one of the Amarna princess sculptures. With photo.
Pharaoh Akhenaten (r. 1353-1336 B.C.) dedicated his 17-year reign and the resources of New Kingdom Egypt to the exclusive worship of the Aten or solar disk, profoundly affecting the history of his polytheistic civilization's art. In the enigmatic ruler's remote capital Akhetaten (present-day el-Amarna), the chief royal sculptor Thutmose and his workshop produced female images of remarkable beauty and startling naturalism. Each was a radical departure from the centuries-old static and idealized representations of the human body. One such graceful work, the Sculpted Head of a Princess from Amarna (ca. 1340-1337 B.C.), is on view in the special exhibition Tutankhamun and the Golden Age of the Pharaohs.
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Top 5 Books that Made Us Think
- Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows (#7)
- The Westing Game by Ellen Raskin
- The Dangerous Book for Boys by Conn and Hal Iggulden
- Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (#5)
- Eragon by Christopher Paolini
Top 5 Authors that Move Us
(I haven't read anything by #3, #4, or #5. Again, I think I better get with it. I love Sharon Creech. Good for these kids for recognizing her genius.)
Top 5 Famous Virginians
(We study Virginia history in fourth grade so I figured my students would have lots of ideas here. Mostly they did, but I had to nix Abe Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, and Helen Keller. I let Harriet Tubman in, although calling her a Virginian is a serious stretch. And really, Stonewall Jackson is number two on their list? And William Henry Harrison makes the list at all? Are they crazy? No George Washington, James Madison, George Mason, Maggie Lena Walker, Arthur Ashe, Robert E Lee - even Harry F Byrd, Sr would make more sense to me. Oh well. I blame their fourth grade teacher.)
Top 5 Most Beautiful Math Concepts(Here, and on the science list, they were hindered by not really knowing what to think of the title of the list. I decided not to elaborate, but to let them take it where they would. Challenge 24 is a math game that they love. #3 fascinates them because of the play between numbers and words. #4 is just lame.)
Top 5 Biggest Science Ahas!
- The sun is one of the smallest stars.
I'd love to see what other classes come up with. Then maybe I could determine if my kids are as strange as they seem or more like fifth graders everywhere.
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The term psycho-babble
disparagingly refers to grandiloquent but allegedly empty jargon
with a psychological
tinge. As with any self-respecting jargon, practitioners find the usages normal and useful shorthand, referring to valid concepts; thus they might reject the label of "psycho-babblers". But the vagueness inherent in many psychological concepts also permits the use of "real" terminology in ways that may seem inappropriate. Some cynics suspect that this may be because some of the concepts of psychology are themselves so vague as to be meaningless, and that psycho-babble is only frowned upon because it represents use by non-practitioners.
Psycho-babble dates from at least the 1960s, the era of origin of popular widespread analysis and counselling groups.
Cynics detect psycho-babble in the phraseology of New Agers, self-help groups, personal development coaching and LGATs.
Examples of concepts, words and phrases possibly usable in psycho-babbling:
and many others.
All Wikipedia text
is available under the
terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
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Statistical Errors in Medical Studies
Posted on March 14, 2010 Comments (4)
I have written about statistics, and various traps people often fall into when examining data before (Statistics Insights for Scientists and Engineers, Data Can’t Lie – But People Can be Fooled, Correlation is Not Causation, Simpson’s Paradox). And also have posted about reasons for systemic reasons for medical studies presenting misleading results (Why Most Published Research Findings Are False, How to Deal with False Research Findings, Medical Study Integrity (or Lack Thereof), Surprising New Diabetes Data). This post collects some discussion on the topic from several blogs and studies.
HIV Vaccines, p values, and Proof by David Rind
So, the modestly positive result found in the trial must be weighed against our prior belief that such a vaccine would fail. Had the vaccine been dramatically protective, giving us much stronger evidence of efficacy, our prior doubts would be more likely to give way in the face of high quality evidence of benefit.
While the actual analysis the investigators decided to make primary would be completely appropriate had it been specified up front, it now suffers under the concern of showing marginal significance after three bites at the statistical apple; these three bites have to adversely affect our belief in the importance of that p value. And, it’s not so obvious why they would have reported this result rather than excluding those 7 patients from the per protocol analysis and making that the primary analysis; there might have been yet a fourth analysis that could have been reported had it shown that all important p value below 0.05.
How to Avoid Commonly Encountered Limitations of Published Clinical Trials by Sanjay Kaul, MD and and George A. Diamond, MD
Why Most Published Research Findings Are False by John P. A. Ioannidis
a research finding is less likely to be true when the studies conducted in a field are smaller; when effect sizes are smaller; when there is a greater number and lesser preselection of tested relationships; where there is greater flexibility in designs, definitions, outcomes, and analytical modes; when there is greater financial and other interest and prejudice; and when more teams are involved in a scientific field in chase of statistical significance.
A finding from a well-conducted, adequately powered randomized controlled trial starting with a 50% pre-study chance that the intervention is effective is eventually true about 85% of the time.
One additional complexity of medical studies is the interaction of individual’s genetic makeup. Companies like Millennium Labs are attempting to provide more personalized drug use advice based on the patient’s genes.
We’re so good at medical studies that most of them are wrong by John Timmer
even the same factor can be accounted for using different mathematical means. The models also make decisions on how best handle things like measuring exposures or health outcomes. The net result is that two models can be fed an identical dataset, and still produce a different answer.
Odds are, it’s wrong by Tom Siegfried
“Determining the best treatment for a particular patient is fundamentally different from determining which treatment is best on average,” physicians David Kent and Rodney Hayward wrote in American Scientist in 2007. “Reporting a single number gives the misleading impression that the treatment-effect is a property of the drug rather than of the interaction between the drug and the complex risk-benefit profile of a particular group of patients.”
Related: Bigger Impact: 15 to 18 mpg or 50 to 100 mpg? – Meaningful debates need clear information – Seeing Patterns Where None Exists – Fooled by Randomness – Poor Reporting and Unfounded Implications – Illusion of Explanatory Depth – Mistakes in Experimental Design and Interpretation
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Growth and development of fast ice and underlying platelet layer were studied in Atka Bay, Weddell Sea (70°35.05'S, 8°.41'W) from June to December 1995. Cores taken fortnightly were analysed for structural and geochemical properties as well as diatom enumeration. The light regime above and under the ice was measured continuously during the sampling period.The fast ice attained 2 meters thickness by November at an average growth rate of 1cm day-1. More than 60% of the ice consisted of consolidated ice platelets that had accrued under the ice from July onwards. Below this a loose layer of platelets accumulated to 1.50m thickness. Maximum snow cover was 20 cm.Temporal changes in sea ice structure and growth, biogeochemistry and the light regime result in distinct differences between the diatom assemblages in this habitat, and give rise to 4 clear groupings. Maximum standing stock of diatoms was 41mg chla m-2 which is within the range of 20 to 70 mg determined in other studies. These results confirm that fast ice around Antarctica has very characteristic structural and biological features which differentiates it from other sea ice and accounts for its unique role and ecological significance along a large portion of the Antarctic coastline.
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Grain boundary in phosphorene and its unique roles on C and O doping
International Joint Research Laboratory for Quantum Functional Materials of Henan, and School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University - Zhengzhou, 450001, China
Received: 13 December 2014
Accepted: 9 February 2015
First-principles calculations are performed to determine the structures of grain boundary (GB) in 2D phosphorene and two typical GBs have been predicted: A-GB and Z-GB defects. The effects of a single substitutional C (O) dopant atom on the energetics and electronic properties were further investigated. Our results indicate that the grain boundary region is reactive and C or O impurity atoms prefer to be incorporated into the GB region atoms instead of the phosphorene bulk region. Particularly, it was found that the formation of along the GBs is an exothermic process. Furthermore, both C and O doping inside the grain boundary defects give rise to magnetism in phosphorene. The band structures are also dramatically tuned by the C (O) doping. The study suggests that GBs in 2D phosphorene provide an accessible structure such that the electronic and magnetic properties can be effectively tailored by C or O doping.
PACS: 75.70.Ak – Magnetic properties of monolayers and thin films / 75.30.Hx – Magnetic impurity interactions / 71.15.Mb – Density functional theory, local density approximation, gradient and other corrections
© EPLA, 2015
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April 06, 2004
These interesting ice stalagmites were photographed on February 14, 2004 in an abandoned cement mine near Akron, New York. For the stalagmites to form, a period of very low temperatures is required. The average temperature for this area during January was 17º F (- 7 C), so I felt the chances for the formation of the stalagmites was quite good. Very cold air flows into the entrance area of the mine and freezes the floor, but because the air near the ceiling is much warmer, water seeping through the roof remains liquid. However, as the water drips onto the frozen floor, it quickly freezes. In this way, the stalagmites grow drop by drop. The tallest stalagmite was perhaps 5 ft (1.6 m). A fog layer can be seen near the ceiling of the mine.
Stalagmites were only found within the first 200 ft (61 m) of the mine entrance -- deeper in, air temperature never get below freezing. About two dozen hibernating bats were observed in the deeper sections of the mine. It should be remembered that exploring abandoned mines is extremely dangerous.
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The government’s plans to change the voter registration system will do little to prevent electoral fraud. They may even mean that fewer people vote.
British Politics and Policy at LSE
(21 Oct 2011)
The government’s plans to change the voter registration system in the UK hit the headlines as it was revealed millions of voters could be ‘removed’ from the electoral register. Matthew Partridge argues that the changes, supposedly aimed at reducing fraud in the electoral system, could spark partisan registration drives, drive up the cost of politics and depress turnout.
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ERIC Number: ED033366
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1969-Feb
Reference Count: N/A
Studies in the Phonology of Asian Languages, VIII, Vietnamese Tones.
Han, Mieko S.
An acoustic-phonetic study of six Vietnamese tones was carried out on approximately 3000 sound spectrograms of four native speakers of the Hanoi dialect. Three temporal segments, four pitch levels, and glottalization were identified as important cues for tone recognition. (Author/FWB)
Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va. 22151 (AD 687 519, MF $0.65, HC $3.00, prepayment requested).
Publication Type: N/A
Education Level: N/A
Sponsor: Office of Naval Research, Washington, DC.
Authoring Institution: University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Acoustics Phonetics Research Lab.
Identifiers: Hanoi Dialect
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ERIC Number: ED209136
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1981
Reference Count: 0
Basic Education: A Historical Perspective. Fastbook 167.
Gutek, Gerald L.
This publication clarifies the basic education movement by placing it in a historical and philosophical context. In many ways, the basic education movement of the 1970s is part of a continuum of similar movements in American education that have occurred with almost clocklike regularity--appearing in rather regular cycles since the 1930s. First, the current basic education movement that originated in the 1970s is reviewed. Criticisms made by proponents of basic education and some remedies proposed that may cure the problems believed to exist today in public schooling are presented. The Essentialist movement of the 1930s is then examined. The Essentialists were a group of professional educators who challenged the then progressive trends in American education. Like today's advocates of basic education, the Essentialists charged that public education, despite its vast extent and heavy cost to society, was appalling, weak, and ineffective. They believed it was crucial that the curriculum be organized systematically and sequentially and that instruction stress logical, chronological and causal relationships. They argued that the teacher should be restored to a position of central authority in the classroom. Lastly, the publication discusses arguments of the educational critics of the 1950s. A new educational movement called "Life Adjustment Education" brought about by World War II became the target for a group of educational critics. The proponents of Life Adjustment Education maintained that the purpose of the schools should be broader in scope than stictly academic programs. The critics perceived of the function of the school in academic terms. (Author/RM)
Descriptors: Educational History, Educational Objectives, Educational Philosophy, Educational Practices, Educational Theories, Elementary Secondary Education, Humanistic Education, Progressive Education
Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation, Eighth Street & Union Avenue, Box 789, Bloomington, IN 47402 ($0.75, quantity discounts available).
Publication Type: Opinion Papers
Education Level: N/A
Authoring Institution: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation, Bloomington, IN.
Identifiers: Back to Basics; Essentialism
Note: Sponsored by the North Texas State University/Texas Woman's University Chapter.
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ERIC Number: ED215772
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1981-Sep
Reference Count: 0
Why Head Start Avoided the Reagan Budget Ax.
Murphy, Dennis T.
Research findings on and program design features of Project Head Start have apparently influenced the Reagan administration's decision to continue the funding of the program. Research appears to indicate that the intervention program has a lasting impact on participants. Additionally, researchers have demonstrated that program benefits can outweigh costs. The program, through eligibility requirements and other regulations, serves the truly needy and, through fiscal monitoring and on-site visits to assess compliance with regulations, avoids problems of waste and fraud. Further, there is some indirect evidence that Head Start may help to create an environment within which family members of Head Start children achieve greater independence from publicly supported programs. (Author/RH)
Publication Type: Opinion Papers
Education Level: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers: Project Head Start; Reagan Administration
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ERIC Number: ED224445
Record Type: RIE
Publication Date: 1982-Mar
Reference Count: 0
Financial Exigency and Faculty Dismissals: Guidelines for University Administrators.
Kelly, Michael; Kitabchi, Gloria
The legal developments regarding dismissal of tenured faculty members because of financial exigency are considered. Attention is directed to, the ability of the public or private institution to dismiss and the constitution of a state of financial exigency and a bona fide dismissal. A standard for claiming financial exigency that was suggested by the American Association of University Professors (AAUP) in 1976 was that the institution would have to close if tenured faculty were not dismissed, and that other remedial measures must be instituted prior to dismissing tenured faculty. The courts have not adopted this AAUP "survival standard," rejecting the contention that capital assets need to be invaded to alleviate existing financial problems. The judicial definition allows an institution to take necessary measures to reduce financial hardship before the situation becomes irreversible. The financial hardship may be limited to a single department or a college of the institution. Once a governing body has declared that a state of financial exigency exists, the court will allow much deference to that discretionary decision in the absence of facts indicating a totally unreasonable or capricious decision. The courts have accepted the AAUP position that dismissals of tenured faculty due to financial exigency must be demonstrably bona fide. It is suggested that administrators need to have a working knowledge of the case law in this area; examples are cited. (SW)
Descriptors: College Administration, College Faculty, Court Litigation, Departments, Due Process, Employment Practices, Financial Problems, Higher Education, Legal Problems, Operating Expenses, Personnel Policy, Private Colleges, Reduction in Force, Retrenchment, Standards, State Colleges, Teacher Dismissal, Tenure
Publication Type: Guides - Non-Classroom; Speeches/Meeting Papers
Education Level: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Identifiers: Financial Exigency
Note: Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for the Study of Higher Education (Washington, DC, March 2-3, 1982).
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Setting up Django and mod_wsgi¶
I was just convinced to setup mod_wsgi on my server instead of mod_python, and I’m going to write up how I did it. All of the documentation I found on the internet was really hard to follow, so I’m going to distill it here the best that I can.
This is assuming Ubuntu 8.04 Server Edition.
Update: Take note, this is installing mod_wsgi 1.3. The latest version of the package is 2.3. If you want to get the latest version from apt, you should use the Debian 2.3 package
apt-get install libapache2-mod-wsgi
This should automatically install mod_wsgi into your apache instance and install it.
Step 2: Create an apache directory on your filesystem, presumably inside of your Django project. I keep my code in ~/Python/Project, so I did:
mkdir ~/Python/PROJECT/apache vim ~/Python/PROJECT/apache/django.wsgi
Then in that file you need to copy this code:
import os, sys sys.path.append('/home/eric/Python/PROJECT') os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'PROJECT.settings' import django.core.handlers.wsgi application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()
This creates an interface between Django and WSGI, as far as I can tell. If you start getting errors about not seeing your project or modules, try adjusting and/or adding some things to your sys.path.
Inside your /etc/apache2/ directoy, you will find the directory sites-available/. This is where you are going to put your configuration for your server. Presumably it will have a file called default in it that you will edit. So:
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName ericholscher.com ServerAlias www.ericholscher.com DocumentRoot /var/www/ LogLevel warn WSGIDaemonProcess ericholscher processes=2 maximum-requests=500 threads=1 WSGIProcessGroup ericholscher WSGIScriptAlias / /home/eric/Python/PROJECT/apache/django.wsgi Alias /media /var/www/media/ </VirtualHost>
The last 3 lines of WSGI stuff if what you want to pay attention to. You are pointing WSGIScriptAlias to the file we created in Step 2. The other two WSGI prompts aren’t necessary unless you are running multiple sites on your server. The Alias is so that the /media URLs on your site continue to work, it should point to where ever you have your media files stored.
Hopefully this will get you started along the way to setting up mod_wsgi on Apache with Django. If not, feel free to leave comments or email me
EDIT: Someone in the comments pointed out this website on the mod_wsgi wiki is also helpful: Integration with Django
There appears to be a page on the Django WIki as well if you need more pointers.
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The pagodas of the Pashupatinath Temple line the shores of the Bagmati River in Kathmandu Nepal. The Bagmati is to Kathmandu what the Ganges in Varanasi is to India - the most active and holy river for cremations. Funeral pyres burn on cremation ghats just south of the temple.
Pashupatinath is devoted to Lord Shiva and the most significant Hindu temple in Nepal. You’ll see plenty of religious pilgrims, including sadhus, holy men or ascetics, from India. Non-Hindus are not allowed inside but there is an excellent view of it across the river up on a hill. Keep your eye on the aggressive thieving monkeys who all but own this hillside. They have no problem grabbing camera lenses pointed at them or scrambling to snatch dropped sunglasses.
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Developing structural representations : their role in analogical reasoning
Recent research into the development of analogical reasoning has shown that young children are able to recognise and use relational similarity between situations, provided that they possess the necessary domain knowledge (Goswami, 1992). However, in most of the reported studies, the relational structure of the analogy has been made very salient. Circumstances where the relational structure of a problem has to be represented by the problem-solver themselves could result in differing performance. We do not know whether, or in what circumstances, children can correctly construct a representation of the relevant relational information. This thesis reports a series of experiments which investigate the role and development of structural representations for the purposes of analogical reasoning. The first two experiments tested whether primary aged children are able to construct an integrated external task representation by combining separate pieces of relational knowledge. Using series problems as a domain, they provided evidence that performance was not affected by the actual relation used, i.e. either spatial or non-spatial (abstract). However, it was observed that the order in which the task information was presented had an effect. The next four studies explored this by using spatial series problems. They showed that tasks which required a novel item to be placed to the left of (that is, at the front of) a partially ordered array inhibited performance. A further three experiments found that the reason for the inhibition was that unless the different pieces of relational information were highlighted as distinct items, they would be incorrectly integrated by using simple 'add-to-end' ordering rules. The final set of studies, using abstract evaluative relations in series problems, found that relational-highlighting effects generalised to these types of tasks. Also, the results showed that some evaluative relations were tied to either horizontal or vertical spatial representations and that performance was affected by how consistent the representation was with the child's experience of every-day life. The thesis showed that the ability to construct structural task representations is affected by features which are inherent in the presentation of specific tasks, and that incorrect structural representations in turn affect analogical mapping. These findings are discussed in terms of the 'generalised schemas' used during analogical mapping. It is suggested that these might be reconstructed using specific task information, rather than being retrieved intact from memory.
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Mayor McCheese is one of the inhabitants of McDonaldland, where Ronald McDonald and all of his friends in McDonald's merchandising live. He was introduced in 1971 along with the Hamburglar, the Grimace, and the Professor in order to fill out the McDonaldland cast.
Although many of the other McDonaldland characters have continued to appear in commercials, most of the administration and government of the area, including the Mayor and Officer Big Mac, have long since disappeared, and can only be found in scattered Playplaces which were built before the Mayor fell out of popularity. With crime in McDonaldland being limited to the exploits of the Hamburglar, this has not changed matters much.
The Mayor disappeared after H.R. Pufnstuf successfully sued McDonald's, claiming that the burger chain had stolen the look and feel of Pufnstuf characters for a number of McDonaldland characters. The claim was even successfully made that McDonald's had hired away several former Pufnstuf employees to help design characters. The eventual outcome of the suit was that several inhabitants of McDonaldland were quietly removed from the lineup, never to be seen again.
There exists a great deal of conspiracy theory online and constant cultural reference to Mayor McCheese. It is unclear why people are so obsessed with the former Mayor, but the fact still remains that he enchants and delights people, both children and adults, to this day.
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An object at rest is in equilibrium or in static equilibrium. An object at rest is described by Newton's First Law of Motion. An object in static equilibrium has zero net force (Resultant Force) acting upon it.
The condition for Equilibrium is that the vector sum of all the forces acting on a body vanishes. ie. All forces acting balance, and destroy eachother, leading to no resultant force.
Alternatively you can break this down into two seperate conditions for easier processing:
- Sum of all forces (in 2 perpendicular directions) must equal zero.
- Sum of all the moments about any point is zero.
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It’s true, what they say: Our digital lives are moving to the cloud. Whenever we fire up Facebook instead of a local email client, we’re taking part in the shift from locally-run software to the networked app world.
However, some fairly major parts of those digital lives — our music, movies, and other activities — haven’t truly moved to the cloud, at least when it comes to all of those smartphones and tablets we’ve been buying, and they likely won’t for the foreseeable future.
The reason: We are running out of wireless bandwidth.
The supply of wireless data in the United States — the stuff that lets us use the internet on our smartphones and tablets — is fast disappearing, as reported by CNN Money, which found the crisis pressing enough to warrant a week of dedicated coverage.
Consumers — and music fans in particular — are already feeling the squeeze. As a recent example, AT&T reneged last month on its promise to provide unlimited data to customers who ordered and paid for it. Not only does AT&T not sell unlimited data plans anymore, but it won’t even honor the ones it already sold, despite pledging to grandfather those users in (if they agree never to tether their computers to their phones and abide by other annoying restrictions). If you were counting on AT&T to let you stream all the music you wanted, well, you no longer can.
As a result, the streaming world that has taken over media consumption on our PCs (think Spotify and Netflix) doesn’t translate cleanly to the mobile devices that are replacing computers in other parts of our lives. By our calculation, Verizon’s $50/month limited data plan, which comes with 5GB of fast LTE wireless bandwidth each month, would only let you listen to about an hour of MOG’s music (which Verizon streams at 320 Kbps) per day — and that’s if you don’t use your phone for anything else.
The last time we asked, Pandora’s Tim Westergren told Evolver.fm he’s not too worried about limited data plans because Pandora streams to mobiles at a hyper-efficient 32 Kbps (using aacplus). But even Pandora would benefit from offline playback in the subway and on airplanes, and has other reasons to consider offline playback, including improved sound quality.
In addition, even if Westergren’s right that Pandora is efficient enough that it doesn’t need to worry about its users’ data consumption, it needs mobile listeners who can be advertised to at higher rates due to the fact that they sometimes walk past an advertiser’s physical location. And if mobile users are concerned about data usage, even without cause, they might think twice about listening to Pandora all day on their phones. The perception of a limit can be as effective as an actual limit.
As the bandwidth crunch continues, we expect to see bargain plans proliferate alongside with new ways of throttling accounts when they play too much music or watch too much video. Are music fans really going to want to listen to another hour of music if it means they might lose the ability to read web pages or use Facebook by the end of the month? Maybe, but they won’t use the cloud to do it.
This is particularly troubling because so much music listening happens in the car, where every digital music executive we’ve asked agrees that the smartphone will continue to function as the modem for at least the foreseeable future.
A solution to this problem exists, and some music apps already embrace it: offline playback. For example, Spotify’s app can store up to 3,333 songs on your smartphone’s or tablet’s memory, so that you can play them without tapping in to your wireless data plan or staying near WiFi. Likewise, Slacker lets users cache entire streaming radio stations offline, so they can listen to programmed music without a connection.
This sort of caching requires a separate license from copyright holders. We have not been able to determine how much more that license costs, but it’s likely to be an increasingly valuable feature as heavy media users seek to store pieces of the cloud on their devices.
However, one precedent suggests app developers shouldn’t have to pay copyright holders anything extra for caching songs and videos on portable devices. ISPs don’t have to pay for so-called “ephemeral copies” of media on their servers (stored there to ease transmission), so long as those copies are destroyed after being sent on to users. The same concept could apply to ephemeral copies stored on users’ devices, which would make it easier for developers to add this increasingly important feature.
Regardless of how that plays out, offline playback is already here. Even if it might sound a little wonky and geeky — like something only system administrators would care about — offline playback could become a must-have feature for any music or video service that runs on portables. In other words: Don’t leave home without it.
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William De Witt
William De Witt was an Albany resident during the late 1770s and 1780s. The existence of several same-named contemporaries (in a number of other states as well) dictates caution in the assignment of information on his origins and other social attributes. He most likely was one of those 18th century William De Witts born and raised in Ulster County. Perhaps his father was Andries De Witt of Rochester, Ulster County. Based on subsequent information, he would have been born prior to 1738.
This individual's wife probably was Hester Dykman who he married at the Dutch church in New York in May 1770. Their son, William, was baptized at the New York City Presbyterian church in April 1773. Two children were christened by them at the Albany Dutch church in 1779 and 1781.
Without established origins for now, we do know that he was known in Albany by the late 1770s.
We seek definitive information on his wartime service. In November 1778, he was among those, fifty years old and older, who was exempted from military service in Albany. Afterwards, his name appeared on a list of those men who qualified for a land bounty right in conjunction with the Albany militia regiment.
In 1779, his house and holdings in the third ward were assessed substantially.
In June 1781, he informed the Albany Commissioners that he had been taken prisoner on the Kinderhook road while on his way to Albany from Philadelphia. He was questioned by his captor and then released. Later, he reported to the Board on a number of matters.
In 1781, he was appointed chimney viewer for the second ward.
In February 1783, The New-York Gazetteer newspaper advertized that William De Witt had ". . . re-opened business near Gen. Ten Broeck's, Goods, Suitable for all Seasons: Broadcloths, silk, cotton and linen, Cutlery Ware: knives and forks, knitting needles, etc. Stationary: ledgers, spelling books, etc. Articles sold for cash, ship timber, planks, boards, shingles, clap-boards, staves and hoops. Even old Continental Money will be received in payment." After that notice, his name seems to have dropped from the community-based record.
He seems to have returned to Ulster County and possibly died there in 1828.
Sources: The life of William De Witt is CAP biography number 7868. This sketch is derived chiefly from family and community-based resources.
first posted: 3/20/12; revised 8/1/12
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Whitetails are creatures of habit—most use the same home range year after year. They also tend to establish one part of their home range for feeding and another part for resting. For instance, if deer establish an orchard as a source of food, they will habitually move into the area a little before sunset to feed, and move back to the woods before dawn to rest.
The natural food habits of deer depend on the time of year and the plant species available. During the winter months, deer consume evergreen and dry leaves, as well as dormant buds. In the spring and summer, they eat new growth on woody and herbaceous plants. From late summer to early winter, fruits and nuts comprise a large part of a deer's diet.
Deer cause damage to fruit plants year-round, but the most serious damage occurs in the winter months when the availability of natural foods is limited. Dwarf, semidwarf, and young standard fruit trees are the most susceptible because most of the tree is within reach of the deer. In winter, browsing on dormant terminal buds may lead to stunted or misshapen growth in standard fruit trees less than 3 years old. Browsing on fruit buds of dwarf and semidwarf trees may lower fruit production. In either case, severe winter browsing can reduce tree vitality and even cause death.
During the spring and summer, natural sources of forage are readily available to whitetails; however, they still might browse new growth on fruit trees and eat ripening fruit. In autumn, deer might continue to browse and eat fruit within the planting. Additionally, bucks can cause severe damage by rubbing their antlers on trees, which can result in broken limbs and girdling of the trunk if the deer removes enough bark.
The extent of deer damage can be monitored through direct and indirect observation. Deer might be "caught in the act" during their active periods in the evening and early morning. Indirect observation involves recognizing signs that deer leave behind.
Lacking upper incisor teeth, deer characteristically tear off vegetation, leaving jagged edges that identify browsed trees. In comparison, browsing by rodents and rabbits leaves a clean-cut surface. The height of the damage, however, might be the only factor necessary to eliminate any mammal other than deer. Another method for determining the source of damage is to search for tracks. Deer leave a distinctive split-hoofed track that can easily be seen in damp soil or snow. Monitoring your fruit plantings for damage is an important, ongoing process and the first step in a successful management plan.
White-tailed deer are classified by the Pennsylvania Game Commission as a game mammal. As such, they are protected. Deer may be harassed throughout the year, but harming deer is prohibited outside of the legal hunting season, unless your livelihood comes from growing crops or fruit.
In Pennsylvania, the white-tailed deer is a protected game species. The game commission is authorized to manage the size of the deer herd through regulated hunting of antlered and antlerless deer.
As a landowner, you should encourage hunting in your area, especially if your fruit plantings are subject to heavy deer damage. Posted areas serve as refuges for deer during the hunting season and might compound the damage to an orchard by concentrating the deer population. Before opening the area to hunters, make sure the orchard is a safe area for hunting. Consult your local wildlife conservation officer for information on opening your land to hunters, or on eligibility requirements for hunting.
Repellents are most effective when integrated into a damage-control program that includes fencing, hunting, and several types of repellents. Apply repellents at the first sign of damage to prevent deer from establishing a feeding pattern at the site. Area repellents include tankage (putrefied meat scraps), ammonium soaps, bone tar oil, blood meal, and human hair. Contact repellents work by taste and must be applied directly to the plant. These repellents work best if you apply them in the dormant season on dry days when temperatures are above freezing. Examples of contact repellents are putrescent egg solids, thiram, and hot pepper sauce (capsaicin). Remember that whenever you apply a commercial repellent, you are required by law to comply strictly with the label. Home remedies often have limited success.
Human hair can be obtained from a local barber shop and placed in small bags (cloth or plastic--if plastic is used, punch three to four holes in the bottom). Tie up the tops and hang them around the garden or individually in trees. Soap bars can be placed in individual trees. Blood meal and tankage can be hung around the perimeter of the planting, initially 20 feet apart and then closer together if needed. Place these items about 30 inches off the ground, about the average height of a deer. Remember, success depends upon early preventative monitoring, as well as on alternation of materials.
Repellents containing denatonium saccharide, such as Ro-Pel, have been found to be less effective. There is little evidence to suggest that the bittering agent, denatonium saccharide, works as a mammal repellent. These products are taste repellents that may only be applied to plants during the dormant season. Because they are taste repellents, the new growth in the spring is not protected. Denatonium saccharide, including Ro-Pel, is not approved for rabbits. However, it is an approved deer repellent.
Repellents have variable results--what works for one grower might not work for another, and success differs from year to year. Some repellents do not weather well and require repeated applications during the season. Also, if deer are very hungry and the area lacks other more palatable food resources, they might ignore the repellents. Success must be measured by how much the damage has been reduced since it is rarely eliminated. In areas where deer density is low and damage is light, repellents may be a cost-effective part of your IPM strategy.
Fencing deer out of the orchard is the most efficient way to reduce damage when deer density is high and damage is extensive. The conventional 8-foot woven-wire fence effectively excludes deer by forming a barrier around the orchard. The fence consists of two widths of 4-foot woven wire and 12-foot posts. To prevent deer from crawling under the fence, keep the wire close to ground level. Unfortunately, deer-proof fencing is expensive, but it is effective, long lasting, and requires little maintenance.
An alternative to barrier fencing is an electric fence. This type of fence is designed to change the deer's behavior. Although deer can easily jump an electric fence, they will instead try to go through or under it. An electric fence takes advantage of this behavior and successfully trains the deer to stay 3 to 4 feet away from the wires.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a low-cost, five-wire electric fence. Through tests conducted statewide, the design has shown to be an adequate means of deer control. The fence incorporates high-tensile steel wire; in-line wire strainers; and high-voltage, low-impedance energizers. High-tensile fence can absorb the impact of deer and tree limbs, thereby eliminating some of the problems associated with soft-wire fences. In addition to Penn State's five-wire fence, other high-tensile electric fence designs are available.
The disadvantages of electric fences include required high maintenance and regular inspections. You must maintain a 6- to 8-foot-wide mowed strip along the fence perimeter to discourage deer from jumping and to decrease the weed load on the fence. You must also regularly check the electric current to ensure that the shocking power is sufficient for turning the deer. The advantages include a relatively low cost and, when properly maintained, a long life.
Another method of deer control in orchards is the use of guard dogs. Deer quickly learn the extent of a dog's range if it is chained. But free-ranging dogs can deter deer from feeding in any part of the orchard. An electronic containment fence can be buried or placed on an existing fence. This will keep the dogs in the orchard but allow them free access to all areas. Most dogs will patrol the edge of their territory; therefore, a closely mowed strip along the fence line will enable them to patrol the entire area. Herding breeds are the most effective because of their natural tendencies to chase animals. Long-haired breeds may be more apt to patrol in colder weather and therefore come in contact with deer in more conditions than the shorter-haired breeds. Place dog houses and feeders near established deer trails if they exist in your orchard. This will increase the likelihood that the deer will come in contact with the dog. Place dogs in the containment approximately one month before damage is anticipated. This will allow the dogs to get used to the containment system and the area.
Deer damage management is a complicated issue with many alternatives that depend upon financial considerations and the amount of damage that can be tolerated. A combination of control methods such as fencing and repellents is most effective. If possible, opening your orchard to hunters after considering safety and zoning regulations is a good way to reduce the deer herd on your property.
This publication is available in alternative media on request.
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drive and ambition
Michel Andrieux seesaws between being too pushy, confrontational and insistent on doing things his way, and being too eager to please, without a clear, definite goal of his own. Michel Andrieux strives for a balance between acting independently and assertively - and working cooperatively and interdependently with others. He may feel frustrated at times that he cannot simply do what HE wants and that he must always accommodate the needs and desires of others. Or he may feel hesitant to act in a positive, assertive manner if he does not have the support and approval of other people. Either way, he is not a loner. Michel Andrieux achieves his goals by collaborating and joining forces with others, by being a team player. He is very concerned with the concept of fairness and becomes quite indignant and vocal if he senses someone is being taken advantage of. Michel Andrieux avoids extremism and favors a balanced, moderate approach to living. He is unlikely to push himself too hard or to become fanatically driven to reach his goals.
Quick-witted and sharp-tongued, Michel Andrieux enjoys arguing, debating, and contesting other people's opinions. He is quite forthright and sometimes tactless. Andrieux can be very convincing about his point of view, but he is prone to a "hard-sell" approach that sometimes backfires. Challenging mental work is an apt venue for Michel's aggressive intellect.
His energy may be a bit low and Andrieux does not seem to have enough stamina to resist external powers. Michel Andrieux could easily be used as a medium, or someone else may set him up as a tool to further their interests without Michel knowing what is really going on.
Positions of honor, affluence, influence and stature in his community can be his. Michel Andrieux feels that his destiny involves leadership or distinguishing himself in some way. Michel possesses an innate sense of greatness or importance, and a strong drive to achieve recognition for his talent. Michel Andrieux should avoid excessive egotism and arrogant pride, for these could limit his opportunities.
Michel Andrieux has a natural ability to integrate with groups and could very well form his own associations or groups. There is likely to be a special soul-link between Michel and the friends he chooses. Michel Andrieux also has a tendency to fight other people's battles.
His emotional life is likely to be strained and Michel has a tendency to be a loner. His outlook could be a bit one-sided and Michel Andrieux may find it hard to compromise. It is difficult for him to maintain good give-and-take relationships.
Astrological factors in this Astro Profile section:
Mars in Libra
Mars in 3rd house
Mars Conjunct Neptune/Pluto
MC Conjunct Sun
MC Conjunct Sun/N. Node
MC Opposition Moon/Pluto
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Open and generous, R. Kelly enjoys a wide circle of friends and acquaintances and he thrives on sociability and fellowship. He is adventurous, playful, freedom loving, and always ready for a good time. Kelly rarely allows obstacles or difficulties to keep him down, for no matter how bleak the past or present, Robert always expects a better, brighter future. In fact, he is uncomfortable with his own or other people's problems and emotional pain. R. Kelly often tries to "cheer up" or offer philosophical advice to those who are hurting, but he unwittingly avoids or ignores the emotions involved.
Friendship means a great deal to Kelly, perhaps even more than love relationships or romance. For R. Kelly to be happy, his mate must be his best friend and encourage Robert's aspirations and ideals. R. Kelly also needs a great deal of emotional freedom and mobility.
Though he wants close relationships very much, R. Kelly often closes himself off and does not really trust others who may wish to get to know him. Kelly is very wholehearted in his feelings and responses to people, and he wants all or nothing from the people he cares for.
R. Kelly often feels that he must do something or be something other than what he is in order to receive approval and acceptance from others. He is very sensitive to criticism and easily feels left out or neglected, and though he may appear cool or distant, Kelly actually cares very much about being included. Because he is so sensitive, it may seem easier for R. Kelly to withdraw into a shell rather than risk the emotional bumps and bruises he may endure once he lets others really know him in an intimate, personal way. His reserve and caution make establishing close emotional relationships with others difficult, and R. Kelly becomes very attached to the few people he considers "real friends". Kelly can gain inner security and strength through periods of solitude if he views them as times to nourish himself and develop his own interests, rather than as times of loneliness.
In addition to Robert's rather introverted, serious or self-contained side, he has a wild streak and urge for emotional freedom that breaks through erratically. R. Kelly craves both stability and excitement, and the conflict between these two impulses can make Kelly rather tense and irritable. However, they can also balance each other out. His freer and unpredictable side will now be described.
R. Kelly craves excitement, change and discovery, and cannot tolerate a routine or lifestyle that offers little in the way of surprise or challenge. Excitable, spontaneous and enthusiastic about anything new, he may be perceived by others as being too impulsive, especially in personal relationships. It is not easy for R. Kelly to make or keep commitments, since he does not know how he will be feeling from one day to the next. Emotional freedom is very important to Kelly. His domestic life may be very unstable - but Kelly likes it that way.
Robert has intense desires and feelings and his personal relationships are deeply emotional, passionate and often stormy and painful as well. R. Kelly has powerful magnetic relationships with those he cares about, and he could become emotionally obsessed by another person. His feelings can become so urgent and compelling that he behaves irrationally. R. Kelly undergoes periodic emotional upheavals and purging when he must break all ties with the past and begin anew.
R. Kelly has a positive emotional outlook and cultivating spiritual relationships with others is important to him. He is likely to have a big circle of friends and acquaintances and he loves to give and receive social invitations.
His emotional tension could be quite strong and the pressure may seem unbearable at times. He may have a sudden desire to liberate himself from the stress and may release his tension towards women. R. Kelly could also feel lonely and depressed at times.
He is inclined to be somewhat gloomy, is easily offended, and he tries to suppress the jealousy he may feel. R. Kelly may have been brought up to sacrifice and forego a lot of things, making him a bit hard and unyielding in later life.
He is open and unconventional in his attitude towards love relationships, romance and sex. He enjoys socializing, bringing people together and having many friends of both sexes. R. Kelly values friendship very highly and in fact, he is more comfortable being a friend than a lover. Robert desires an intellectual rapport or spiritual bond with his love partner, but deep intimacy and emotional bonding do not come easily to him. The traditional "husband" and "wife" roles do not appeal to Kelly, and he abhors jealousy and possessiveness since he feels that no person truly "belongs" to another. R. Kelly appreciates relationships in which his love partner allows him plenty of freedom and is not very emotionally demanding.
Promoting beauty, the arts, or entertainment can make R. Kelly very happy. Robert wants to contribute something positive and loving to the world at large and he wants to be recognized for his beauty, artistic gifts, or loving generosity. R. Kelly may "marry" his work - that is, being more involved in his career than in his private life. Kelly is a natural host or diplomat.
Money is liable to be an issue in his life, not because he does not have it, but because R. Kelly cannot or will not hold onto it. R. Kelly has a freehanded, generous, open attitude and would prefer to spend and enjoy and partake in the pleasures of the moment than to save, discipline or budget himself. At Kelly's worst, he wants an easy ride and friends will often let Robert freeload because he is such an agreeable, friendly and pleasant sort. Alternatively, Kelly could let other people take advantage of his hospitality and tolerance.
Kelly also avoids confronting difficult issues in relationships simply because it is too much trouble or too petty. R. Kelly just wants to have a good time.
Robert likes to feel at one with the whole world and is cordial and warm-hearted in collaborating with others. Public-spirited, R. Kelly seems to be real content and happy only when he is among other people.
Astrological factors in this Astro Profile section:
Moon in Sagittarius
Moon in 8th house
Moon Square Saturn
Moon aspects Saturn and Uranus
Moon Square Uranus
Moon Square Pluto
Moon Opposition Jupiter/N. Node
Moon Opposition Saturn/Uranus
Moon Opposition Saturn/Pluto
Venus in Aquarius
Venus in 10th house
Venus Opposition Jupiter
Venus Opposition Mars/N. Node
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Patrons of Sotheby's rare book sales see a great many dazzling things: Shakespeare’s First Folio, Audubon's Birds of America, Joyce’s Ulysses. But in 40 years in the rare book trade I have never seen a collection of books to compare with those in this catalogue. Here are major works by 50 outstanding contemporary writers, most are extensively annotated by its author, each a unique copy of the book, and a fascinating record of the author’s relation to it. We call it: First Editions, Second Thoughts (or FEST).
The joy of these books is that, so often, the writer has responded in a voice as immediately recognizable as that in the work itself. There is nothing stale about this process – no formulaic response to the usual banal questions: where did the story come from, who are the characters based on? Such topics may be touched on, but they are considered in surprising ways. We encounter many annotations that make us laugh, or bring a tear to the eye.
The self-scrutiny of authors, it turns out, is (often) like their creative works: highly considered, crafted, thoughtful and thought-provoking. And like works of literature themselves, such annotations give a peek into the soul of their maker. In many cases, the commentaries will affect how the book is to be read and understood in the future. (Because this catalogue only gives a taster of the authorial annotations, it is necessary to view the books in order to appreciate them properly.)
The brilliant idea for FEST arose in 2005 when the literary agent, Peter Straus, suggested that English PEN hold a charity auction of books annotated by living authors. The initial project never quite took off, and two years later only two writers (Julian Barnes and Joanna Trollope) had offered contributions.
When I joined the Board of English PEN a few years later, the then Director Jonathan Heawood suggested that we resurrect the idea. Maybe an actual rare book dealer might make the project work?
We began by writing to eminent UK and Commonwealth writers to ask if they would participate:
"Feel free to scribble second thoughts, marginalia or drawings throughout the work inwhatever fashion moves you, thus singling out this particular first edition and making it even more desirable for a reader or collector to want to own."
Remarkably, within a week eighteen writers had agreed, and within a few months we reached the nice round number of 50. It is a remarkable list of major novelists, playwrights, poets, memoirists and writers of non-fiction, with many winners of the great literary prizes (Nobel Prize for Literature, Man Booker, Orange and others) represented.
The results, as the books reveal, are astonishing: some authors annotated on many pages of the text; others wrote sustained comments on the endpapers and blanks; some edited and corrected the text, one marked a book for a performance or a reading; a substantial number offered their own illustrations. In almost every case, my hope “that the result will stand as the definitive copy of the book” was comprehensively satisfied.
Many writers enjoyed the process. Often they were pleased by what they read, though sometimes embarrassed. (One of the authors chides himself for immature and pretentious writing in a novel written in his twenties).
A few writers found the process trying. "This is harder than writing the bloody book!" one told me, while another said that the process "almost killed me." Thankfully they persevered.
Authors don't merely write their books, they are stuck with them, recurrently interrogated about them, and need to have something to reply, though they may be reluctant to do so. When they discuss their work, inevitably, some inward process of annotation - or if the term is inappropriate here, some retrospective engagement with the text - goes on. Must go on. And if an author can talk about their own work, surely they might do that talking in the book itself?
Writers, we are sometimes told, can be self-engrossed and difficult. I have said so myself, and about myself. So it was delightful to find that, in dealing with such a range of eminent authors, I met with nothing but courtesy and enthusiasm. Having agreed to participate, many asked questions but none balked, and none were balky. The books arrived on time, and opening each was like being a kid opening birthday presents. I love this! Look at that! Oooh, thanks!
We are enormously indebted to all these writers for these gifts, for the time and high intelligence they have brought to this project. Their responses are testimony to the esteem in which English PEN is held.What better “union” for writers could there be? English PEN promotes the freedom to write and the freedom to read. Internationally, we campaign on behalf of persecuted writers, editors and publishers. In the UK we campaign to reform laws that curb free expression, and for greater access to literature.
“Greater access to literature,” indeed. That’s what each of these books provides. It has been a joy, honour and a privilege to curate this auction, the most exciting experience of my bookselling career.
By Rick Gekoski, Curator
By Gillian Slovo, President, English PEN
Working to defend and promote free expression, and to remove barriers of access to literature
250 auctions each year in over 70 categories from fine and decorative art to jewellery and collectibles
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These are the poets, the philosophers, the men of science, the men of culture - in a word, the real men, the men who have realised themselves, and in whom all Humanity gains a partial realisation.
Father Damien was Christlike when he went out to live with the lepers, because in such service he realised fully what was best in him.
I often wonder, however, whether the public understand that that success is entirely due to the fact that he did not accept their standard, but realised his own.
He perceived some difference on the Vaterland for which he could not account, and then he realised that the engines had slowed to an almost inaudible beat.
The day broke dim and overcast, and neither the Bremen nor the Weimar realised they had to deal with more than the Susquehanna until the whole column drew out from behind her at a distance of a mile.
that, when she passed out of his gate, she passed into a world where she would be hopelessly lost to him, so he took his courage into his hands, and was very bold indeed.
, partially, the seriousness of my condition.
To Newman Noggs he forwarded one half of the sum he had realised
, entreating him to take an opportunity of handing it to Kate in secret, and conveying to her the warmest assurances of his love and affection.
Hamel," she said quietly, "I dare say that even during these few days you have realised
Let us say, then, may not have been realised
,' observed Mr Meagles.
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If your kids are anything like mine, they raid the pantry as soon as they walk in the door and inevitably find the one unhealthy treat in the house. I’ve discovered that the best way to attack the after-school munchies is to have a healthy snack waiting for them when they get home with a balance of protein, carbohydrates and healthy fat. This is also a great time of day to sneak in a few vegetables, because kids are more likely to try something new when they are hungry.
Try out one of these healthy options for a yummy solution to the after school energy slump:
- 1 slice of turkey
- Baby spinach leaves
- 2 percent cheese stick
Place the spinach and cheese stick on a piece of turkey and roll up.
English Muffin Pizza
- 1 whole wheat English Muffin
- 1 Tbsp pizza sauce
- 2 Tbsp 2% mozzarella cheese
- Broccoli florets
Top the English muffin with the pizza sauce, cheese and a few broccoli florets. Heat in the toaster oven or under the broiler until the cheese melts.
Ants on a log
Spread peanut butter or cream cheese on celery and top with a few raisins.
- 1 scoop whey protein powder (Cookies & Cream works well)
- 2 cups fresh baby spinach
- 1 cup nonfat or 1% milk
- 1 kiwi
- 1 tsp vanilla
Place all ingredients into a blender with lots of ice and pulse until blended. I promise that your kids will not taste the spinach. Do you have a favorite after-school snack that you serve your kids? Or, do you have a favorite afternoon snack for yourself that keeps the munchies at bay until dinnertime? Please share!
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Take a nice, slow, deep breath, purse your lips, and exhale slowly, counting to four. relax. Try not to fret over it. We can't tell from here if you've got SLE or not, and no two foks have the same exact symptoms. Is your thyroid condition Hoshimoto's? That's an autoimmune condition, where your body attacks your thyroid. You'll go anemic, low on D, etc., very similarly to what you describe. Thyroid hormone therapy levels often have to be bumped-up as you progress with the issue. Sufficient Vitamin D levels are important. Since the thyroid controls just about everything in your body, you can have bone, muscle, nerve & emotional issues. An SLE diagnosis is a process of elimination usually, where a doctor makes certain that you don't have an underlying "base" condition causing the symptoms. They called my last flare by several names, one of which was "psoriatic indicative" or similar, which worried me about psoriatic arthritis, but it was a term used to describe the sores on my head. That's not to say you don't have SLE or something other autoimmune. Read up on autoimmune stuff, but don't get too deep into it, since a lot of the internet stuff does nothing but scare a person that doesn't have anything to worry about.
As to the blood work terms, you could use an internet search engine and look them up, or browse around the site here, and read through the "stickie" threads at the top of each section. There's all sorts of useful info on here. If you're like me though, you might get a pinch confused by it all. I don't know of a way to increase your white blood cell count, but that is a symptom that your doc(s) would use for diagnosis. Try not to worry about that. It's important that you trust your doctors. If you're not comfortable with one, try to find another, if your insurance will let you. Ask around the folks you know who they go to. It's great if you know someone who works in the medical field. My wife, mom-in-law & sis-in-law all work in the medical field, and it makes it much easier to find good docs that are actually nice. Mention what area you live in, and maybe someone here could recommend you a rheumy.
Last edited by jmail; 07-13-2012 at 07:05 PM.
Reason: doi dee doi
"There but for the grace of God, go I."
"... His mercy endureth for ever."
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Hi fellow Hams, I'm J.B.Young III . KJ4JAE. My work has recently been menchaned in the international magazine Monitoring Times, specifically in the column Below 500 KHz, by Kevin Carey, WB2QMY. December 2009 issue. My work should also soon be up on Renato Romero's site:http://www.vlf.it/ I'm sharing this with you, because I was recently in the hospital and almost died. I have years of work on this project and don't want my work to be lost. My attempt to publish a book on it has failed. I only wanted to recoup some of my R&D costs, but looks like I better go public now. The Schematics I've included (thumbnailed) are my property (Empire CO.) but I am sharing them to all who want to build the circuits as long as noone uses my designs for their own financial gain. Feel free to copy the circuit diagrams to your computer or hard copy them so you can distribute them to other hobbiests. These circuits are strait out of my notebook (scratch pad) and are drawn by my own hand. the writing is not the best, since I usually scribbled in a hurry, excited about doing more experiments but having the desire to record my efforts. For years now, I've been experimenting (allong with many other hams) with trying to transceive through the ground. A lot of people are familiar with the VLF signals that cause currents to flow in the ground beneath our feet. Some of these signals are man made, and some of them are naturally occuring, such as 'Sferics and the famous 'Whistlers' believed to be caused by lightning. These signals can be recieved with loop antennas in the air, other antennas, OR can be directly tapped into by sticking copper probes into the ground, a few feet apart and connected to a vlf receiver, or even a high gain audio amp! (filtered to take out 60 Hz power line buzz). I wanted to see if anyone who frequents QRZ, was in to this sort of thing like me, and share all my knowledge about it. The receivers are simple, see first attachment. All you need is an op-amp, a LM386 N-4, 8 ohm speaker, battery, and two ground probes along with a handful of resistors and caps. No need for an a.m. demodulator circuit, the audio amp will do that for you through the process of auto-rectification. To transmit through the ground isn't as easy. A lot of people believe it's impossible to achieve (at least, with any distance at all) and have given up. I know a ham who buried an antenna and transmitted at 1 Kilowatt and could receive the signal only a few FEET. However, they were going about it the WRONG way. I also tried for a long time to transmitt with only one rod poking in the ground, could never make it work. UNTIL I tried sticking 2 rods in the ground a very wide distance apart and hooked the output of a high voltage/low current audio amp I homebrewed to them. THEN the signal traveled very far. For instance, my current transmitter delivers about 170 Volts (peak to peak) to the two poles, the signal is an A.M.modulated carrier at 17 KHz. The poles, which are copper pipe, are about 300 feet apart and go about 3 feet into the ground. I can pick up the signal with my receivers up to about 1/4 MILE away! I hav my portable receiver in a nice handled case and hook the two receive probes to it through an earphone jack. The poles on the receiver need only be placed a short distance apart (about 3 feet). The farther the tx poles are seperated, the farther the signal will transmit. Same thing for the receivers, put more seperation between the ground rods and the more sensetive the rx becomes. My first several transmitters were just audio amps, they put only audio into the ground. Although I could pick up the signal a good distance, it was always badly distorted. I always play a c.d. player with music into my transmitters when experimenting, unless I have someone else around that can speak into a mic (which is not very often). I couldn't understand why the transmision was garbled, when my Tektronix O'scope showed a perfectly clean signal with the ground rods attached and the tx running. So I decided to make a tape of me generating various audio tones, speaking the frequency over the tape, starting at 300 Hz and going to around 20 KHz. I softly spoke each frequency in between each change. I went out into field around my house to listen... The audio tones came in clear but my speech again was GARBLED. UNTIL the tape reached the 8 KHZ tone. For some reason, when I made the tape, I spoke "Eight KiloHertz" WHILE the tone was running, instead of before I generated it. While standing there in the field, I heard for the first time, crystal clear voice come over my receiver. I was breathless... Then I repeated the experiment over and over, wondering why my voice could only be understood with around a 5 to 20 KHz tone RUNNING IN THE BACKGROUND. (Anybody figuring this out yet?) It took me a while, but I theorized that because of velocity factor (the fact that r.f. travels at different speed based on frequency through conductors) and other factors, that since speech and musics' frequencies vary over many octaves, that the individual waveform componants were arriving at my antennas at different times and out of phase/sync. Based on this theory, I thought to myself. If I only transmitt a SINGLE frequency and A.M. modulate it, it should work. After all, that's EXACTLY what my audio amp had done in the first place. When the 8KHz tone was transmitting and I spoke, my voice was being linearly mixed with that signal by the amp. In other words, my voice was "riding the back" of the 8KHz sinewave much like an A.M. carrier I then constructed an A.M. Modulator using the XR-2206 chip, amped the output up from about 2 volts peak to peak to around 170 at 17 KHz, and the rest is history.... It's now been several years since I finally completed my first two fully functional Underground VLF Transceivers and had my first underground QSO, between me and my neighbor across the street. On Monday 9-18-06 I saw the ultimate success of my efforts. Using 4 copper rods hammered into the ground about 3 feet, (2 in front of my house and 2 in front of his) with a seperation between mine of 40 feet and his 20 feet AND over 200 FEET between the two independant systems, I had the pleasure of talking to another person THROUGH THE GROUND with crystal clear sound and LOUD modulation. I have included the FULL schematic of the final transceivers on the last thumbnail. Theorectically, this sytem will go as far as you want it too, you need only seperate the poles farther apart. The system appears to go about THREE times as far as the poles are seperated. You want a range of 6 Miles? Seperate the poles by 2 miles. This sounds VERY impracticle, but there ARE uses for such a system. Suppose you wanted to have a covert 2 way intercom between two houses seperated by a river.... or seperated by a street like my neighbor and I.... Radio can be eavesdropped on, a wired intercom would be impossible because of the river or street, you get the picture. Besides it's FUN!!! I hope there will be lots of comments and interest... To answer some questions beforehand, I use the untuned wideband audio amp as the reciever, with a high pass filter of around 300 Hz, so I can listen and demodulate any signal I detect from 300 Hz to around 400 KHz. I have monitored NDB's and just bout anything else you can imagine in that frequency range. The 100 KHz LORAN C, should be the first thing you hear when turning up the gain pot on the receiver. Using a tuned A.M. receiver seems to do nothing to increase the range, I've already tried it. I used a Palamar VLF converter with the ground probes feeding it, and the converter plugged into my AOR 8200 tuned at 3017 KHz (listening to 17 KHz) and have almost the exact same range as with my hombrew receiver. The second attachment shows the receiver with a .01micro Farad cap shunted across the input, and a .22nano Farad cap between the receiver and ground rod. The first cap stops signals above 400 KHz (namely A.M.Broadcast Transmitters) and the second cap provides a highpass critical frequency of 30 Hz, this makes the receiver start amping max at 300 Hz (Critical frequency times 10) which reduces power line buzz at 60 Hz and asscociated harmonics to an acceptable level. I've also included the XR-2206 schematic for an A.M.modulator for connecting a c.d. player or microphone circuit (also thumbnailed) that forms the basis of an A.M. Transmitter that will go from about 10 Hz to 1 MHz. The XR-2206 can be bought from Unicorn Electronics for about $3, and the TL082 is about 30 CENTS (also bought the LM386N-4's from them for about a Dollar a pop. I'm interested to see some reponses and make contact with other experimenters. Have fun (I have!) -73's.
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Click Here to Download Hang w/ and Broadcast Yourself on Social Media.
The Four Miss Televisions
April 1939, Television Begins its first Live Public Broadcasts at the New York Worlds Fair.
The four "Miss Televisions" at the New York World's Fair consisted of Muriel Robert (far right), Teressa Harris (far left), Virginia Hare(center left), and Phyllis Creore Westermann (striped blouse). Phyllis was actually the first one hired but it was a tough schedule for one person so they brought on some additional women to be Miss Television. The 4 Miss Televisions worked from April 30th through October 31, 1939 producing television broadcast history at the New York Worlds Fair.
Introduced Television at the 1939 New York Worlds Fair for RCA and NBC
TV history happened daily, and on August 5, 1939 when Mercer, the international Grand Champion "Firestone" steer and two Borden's calves became the first farm animals ever to be televised. Mercer was interviewed by Miss Television (Miss Muriel Robert)along Miss Gladys LaVance, former rodeo rider and now chief of information staff at the Ford Exhibit to kick off National Farm Week. All four or these beautiful ladies should be considered true television pioneers.
At the time of her broadcasts there were only about 100 televisions in America, and most of them were at the New York Worlds Fair and in New York City.
Muriel Robert was an actress and did several movies. Phyllis Creore also went on to have her own radio show during WWII called "Canteen Girl."
Some 45,000,000 people attended the New York Worlds Fair, but few photographs seem to have been taken of the RCA Television Exhibit. Cameras may not have been allowed as television was still experimental. The entry level television receiver was $600, which was about the price of a new car. Due to the low number of television receiving sets available it is estimated than only several hundred viewers were able to watch the opening ceremonies and visitors being televised.
The Garden behind the Tube Shaped RCA Exhibit Building
There was a fully equipped yacht with all the latest radio devices for communication and safety at sea. It was part of the radio-marine section of the Radio Corporation of America Exhibit and was supplied by the Elco works.
In front of the Yacht People Stood in Line to be Televised by NBC's Telemobile Units. A signal was sent via the "Telemobile" (RCA/NBC mobile Television van) to the Empire State transmitter and rebroadcast to the television sets at the fair.
Above Copyright Photo Courtesy Sea Bird Publishing, Inc., 2002. All rights reserved (321)727-0801 or [email protected]
RCA Television Staffers, Teressa Harris on the left and behind her is Muriel Robert, "Miss Television", who moderated the Television shows at the 1939 Worlds Fair. All but top photograph belong to the Restelli collection at historytv.net
Visitors who appeared on television at the RCA Exhibit received the card pictured below as a souvenier. It must have seemed like magic to those few who witnessed this event!
The first retail revenue to flow into television would be from visitors to the exhibit and customers willing to pay $600 for a television receiving set. Commercial television and advertising dollars would not be forthcoming for another 2 years.
World War II would end TV equipment production, and broadcasts from 1941 to 1945 would be very limited. Manpower and resources were directed towards the war effort. But a strong post war economy and a new "Television Industry" would fuel the exponential growth of television.
It wouldn't be until 1946 when television would take off with the introduction of the $375 630TS RCA Victor television set. The growth of network programing in this new art and studio production would evolve into a multi billion dollar and global industry.
Felix The Cat Broadcast of 1929 |
Dr. Zworykin's Secret Experimental RCA Photos of 1933 |
First TV Dinner June 21, 1936 |
First Live TV Demo November 6, 1936 |
Public Sees TV at 1939 World's Fair |
Photo Card of Dr. Zworykin 1948 Topps |
Dr. Zworykin weds November 14, 1951 |
Dr. Zworykin dies July 29, 1982 |
eMail: Steve Restelli |
Copyright 2015, The Restelli Collection has been visited times, check back for future additions. Last update; 3-28-15
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UDI, the Uniform Driver Interface, is a well-documented interface between a driver module and the executing OS. It provides source portability across OSes and binary portability within a processor ABI. It also provides modern driver features like instance independence, high scalability, and physical location transparency. The Reference Source provides an initial implementation of UDI for Linux, SCO UnixWare, SCO OpenServer, and other OSes.
iSCSI Linux Initiator Driver is a kernel module for use with linux-2.4.x. This module provides client-side support for iSCSI. iSCSI is an IETF draft desribing SCSI encapsulation over TCP/IP. This release was written to version 3 of the draft. The drive is architected as a lower half adapter driver. Do not use SCSI devices with important data on the target side.
Cplant (tm) is a collection of code designed with an emphasis on scalability, to provide a full-featured environment for cluster computing on commodity hardware components. Cplant (tm) system software provides a scalable message passing layer, scalable runtime utilities, and scalable debugging support. It is distributed as source code, which can be built for a specific hardware configuration. This consists of operating system code (in the form of Linux modules and driver), application support libraries and compiler tools, an MPI port, user-level runtime utilities, support for application debugging, and scripts for configuring and installing the built software.
The i810 console framebuffer driver supporting 16-bit color (65k colors) works as an effective framebuffer which is similar to the VESAFB console. It has been tested with LPP (the Linux Progress Patch), but you must apply the LPP patch to the kernel before applying the patch for this driver. There is an easy install script install-fb available now.
dmassage uses the information in a BSD system's dmesg to gather information about the system's hardware devices and present this information in a tree-like hierarchy. This information can then be used to build a more efficient kernel that only contains support for devices that are actually present. It can also be used to disable probes for absent devices, thus speeding up the boot process.
Maudio is a simple audio mirroring device (a sort of audio pipe). Unlike a filesystem pipe, maudio behaves as a hardware soundcard. In particular, after installation of the driver, you get two audio-like devices (usually /dev/dsp0 and /dev/dsp1) which are connected to each other. Everything sent to the first DSP will appear as sound data on the second DSP and vice versa.
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34. Samuel3 Wallingford (James2, Nicholas1) was born in Bradford, Essex County, Massachusetts 9 August 1693.(512) Samuel died 24 or 25 December 1739, in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts.(513) The record in the published Rowley deaths reads the 24th, while a small slip of paper in Samuel's probate docket from his widow's accounting of the estate reads "for my Husband Samuel Wallings funeral charges who decest this Life December 25th 1739 10=00=0." (The latter figures indicate that the funeral cost 10 pounds.)
He married Lydia Poore, 25 December 1723, in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(514) Lydia was born 14 March 1703/4.(515) Lydia and Samuel were cousins. Her parents were Joseph Poore and Mary Wallingford, with Mary being a daughter of the immigrant Nicholas.
Lydia died of "numb palsy", 21 May 1759, in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts, at 55 years of age.(516) Samuel Wallingford was on a muster roll of men under the command of Col. Eleazar Tyng from 28 August to 29 November 1722.(517) It was during the period of time known as Lovewell's War or Dummer's War from 1721 to 1725, but the main engagements with the French and Indians took place in the last two years of that war. Samuel's service likely involved just local militia scouting parties and there was probably no actual fighting involved. At the most there were just small skirmishes in 1722.
Administration on the estate of Samuel Wallingford late of Rowley was granted to the widow Lydia on 29 January 1739/40. She gave bond with William Fisk and Benjamin Poor, both of Rowley. Lydia made her mark while the others signed. The inventory of the estate was taken on 14 February 1739/40 by Thomas Perrin, William Fisk and Benjamin Poor. The total value of the estate was established as £726 6s. This included 30 acres of land with a small house and barn. The widow Lydia Wallingford made her administrator's accounting on 14 March 1742 and as "Lydia Wallingford alias Jewet" made another on 8 April 1751. A division of the estate was finally made in April 1751 by Deacon William Fisk, Samuel Johnson, Benjamin Poor, Daniel Tenney and Benjamin Stickney. One third of the estate was set off to the widow Lydia Wallingford alias Jewett and the other two thirds was divided into five equal parts. Lydia received the west end of the dwelling house and southwest part of the barn on land bounded by Benjamin Poor and Joseph Swett. Also 11 acres on the other side of the road bounded by Benjamin Poor and Thomas Lull. The other two thirds of the estate was on the north side of the road and included two thirds of the house and barn, as well as land bordering that of Jonathan Thorla and Joseph Bailey. This was divided into five equal lots.(518) On 14 March 1742/3 guardianship of his sons Joseph, Samuel and Benjamin, all minors under fourteen years of age, was granted to Samuel Jewett of Rowley, presumably the same Samuel Jewett who married the widow Lydia Wallingford the following month. The widow witnessed the bond that Samuel Jewett, William Fisk and Benjamin Poor placed for the guardianship.(519) For more information on Lydia's marriage to Samuel Jewett see the record for her under her parents.
Samuel Wallingford and Lydia Poore had the following children:
113 i. Bethiah4 Wallingford was born in Bradford, Essex County, Massachusetts 23 September 1724.(520) Bethiah may have died of consumption, in May 1786, in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts, at 61 years of age.(521) This death is for the "widow" of Ezra Clough, so may be our Bethiah, but there is a marriage for an Ezra Clough and Sara Pearson in the Newbury records for 1 Dec 1762(522) so Sara could be the widow referred to here if it is the same Ezra. There may be two Ezra's, however, as there is also a baptism in the Byfield church records for Molly, daughter of Ezra, Jr. in 1763(523).
She married three times.
She married first, Amos Pearson, 2 February 1747, in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(524) Amos was from Newbury and Bethiah was from Rowley when they were married.
Amos was born 22 March 1717/18, in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts.(525) The Jewett Genealogy states that he was born in Ipswich but this is in error.(526) Amos was the son of Lt. Stephen Pearson and Hannah Jewett.
Amos died 9 March 1748/9, in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(527) The Byfield church records state that he died "suddenly". Amos may have been married before, as there are several births just before 1747 in Newbury to Amos and Mary Pearson. However there is no marriage record in Newbury for Amos and Mary, nor is there a death record for a Mary Pearson wife of Amos.
She married second, Samuel Duty Jr., 14 November 1749, in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(528) Samuel was born 20 May 1726, in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts.(529) Samuel was the son of Samuel Duty and Ruth Tenney. Samuel died in 1756, in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(530) She married third, Ezra Clough, 15 March 1759, in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(531) They were both "of Byfield-Rowley" at the time of their marriage. There are no Pearson or Duty children recorded for her in the Newbury records. She may have had two children with Ezra Clough however. Byfield church records record the baptism of Samuel, son of Ezra Clough, on 8 March 1761 and Amos, son of Ezra on 9 May 1762.(532)
114 ii. Samuel Wallingford was born in Bradford, Essex County, Massachusetts 18 April 1727.(533) Samuel died before 24 November 1734. His parents had another child named Samuel baptized on that date.
He was baptized 23 April 1727 in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(534)
+ 115 iii. Joseph Wallingford was born before 22 March 1729/30.
116 iv. Mary Wallingford was born before 16 April 1732. Mary probably died prob. 9 or 15 April 1736, in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts.(535) There are two separate death records for a child of Samuel, one on April 9th and another on April 15th. These are presumably for Mary and the second Samuel, but it can't be proven.
She was baptized 16 April 1732 in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(536) The Wallingford genealogy by Charles Wallingford states that it was this Mary who married first Calvin Neal and second Daniel Wentworth.(537) Shackford claims that it was Mary of the seventh generation, daughter of Samuel and Sally (Worster) Wallingford.(538) Shackford gives a marriage date in 1832 for her second marriage which, if true, would eliminate this Mary from any possibility of being the one, since she was born in 1732.
Mary may not have died young. The division of the estate made in 1751 gave one third of the estate to the widow and the other two thirds was divided five ways. If Mary was deceased that would only leave four other children, so who was the fifth share for?
117 v. Samuel Wallingford was born before 24 November 1734. Samuel died before 16 April 1737, in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts. His parents had another child named Samuel baptized on that date. He likely died on either April 9 or 15, 1736, as there are two separate Rowley death records for children of Samuel on those dates. The other is probably his sister Mary.(539)
He was baptized 24 November 1734 in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(540)
118 vi. Samuel Wallingford was born in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts 3 April 1737.(541) Samuel died 13 August 1757. He was baptized 16 April 1737 in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(542) On 14 March 1742/3 guardianship of Joseph, Samuel and Benjamin Wallingford, all minors under 14 years of age and children of Samuel Wallingford late of Rowley, was granted to Samuel Jewett of Rowley. Samuel was their stepfather.(543)
On 8 April 1751 Richard Stewart, husbandman, and Joseph Wallingford, yeoman, both of Rowley, with John Sargent of Newbury, gave bond for guardianship of Samuel Wallingford, a minor upward of 14 years of age, son of Samuel Wallingford late of Rowley. Guardianship was granted to Richard Stewart.(544)
Samuel served in the military for three years during the French and Indian Wars, eventually losing his life after the capitulation of the English Fort William Henry at Lake George, New York. His first service was as a private in Cap. Edmond Morse's Co. from 25 April to 24 October 1755. On the muster roll it says he was a servant of R. Toppan of Newbury.(545) He likely served on the expedition to attack the French forts in the Lake George area of New York. Several battles were fought in the area that fall resulting in some English victories, but not the capture of the French Fort St. Frederic, which was at Crown Point. The following year he signed up again, entering service on 10 March 1756 under Capt. John Kingsbury and Col. Jonathan Bagley, and serving for 39 weeks until 7 December. This was once again an expedition to the Lake George area(546). Bagley's troops spent the summer at Fort William Henry and Fort Edward and saw only small local skirmishes.(547) The fighting in 1756 did not go well for the British, resulting the the loss of two northern forts to the French. In 1757 he was still a private from Newbury, listed as a servant of Elder Toppin. He mustered on 11 March in Capt. Israel Davis's company and served for more than 22 weeks until his death on 13 August. On the muster roll of Capt. Davis's company is the note that these soldiers were "not in ye capitulation"(548). This is likely referring to the surrender of Fort William Henry at the southern end of Lake George in New York, which took place on 9 August 1757. Not all of the British forces surrendered at the Fort on that day, so Samuel was likely with another group in the vicinity. The day after the surrender a terrible massacre of prisoners and sick by the Indian allies of the French took place until it was stopped by the horrified Frenchmen. What caused Samuel's death three days later is unknown.
119 vii. Benjamin Wallingford was born in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts 4 June 1739.(549) Benjamin died 14 October 1805, in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts, at 66 years of age.(550) He married Alice Hardy, 9 December 1762, in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts.(551) Alice was "of Bradford", Mass. at the time of their marriage. The Hardy Genealogy only states that she was "probably" the Alice Hardy who married Benjamin Wallingford. It is also not conclusively proven that this is the correct Benjamin for this marriage as well. He was called Benjamin "Jr." on his marriage record, presumably to distinguish him from uncle if this is the correct person.
Alice was born 29 September 1726, in Bradford, Essex County, Massachusetts.(552) Alice was the daughter of Deacon William Hardy and Hannah Burbank. Alice died 12 November 1801, in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts.(553)
He was baptized 10 June 1739 in Newbury, Essex County, Massachusetts.(554) On 14 March 1742/3 guardianship of Joseph, Samuel and Benjamin Wallingford, all minors under 14 years of age and children of Samuel Wallingford late of Rowley, was granted to Samuel Jewett of Rowley. Samuel was their stepfather.(555) Benjamin Wallingsford of Rowley was enumerated in the 1790 census with himself and two females in the household(556).
There has been some confusion between this Benjamin and his uncle Benjamin, as they both lived in Rowley for a time. Rowley marriage records have Alice Hardy marrying Benjamin Jr. and Rowley death records for Alice, wife of Benjamin, Jr. strongly suggest that it is this Benjamin, the younger, who married Alice Hardy and not the elder uncle. Another Rowley death for Mary, wife of Benjamin is for a woman who died in 1775 in her 66th year, meaning she was born about 1709 so clearly is more likely to be the wife of the uncle born in 1707 than the nephew born in 1739. The marriage of Benjamin and Mary Blaisdell in 1777 could in theory be for either man as Mary was born in 1729, but the will of Benjamin of Rowley dated 1795 mentions his wife "Elles", with his wife Alice dying in 1801. Benjamin the uncle's first wife died in 1775, two years before the marriage to Mary Blaisdell.
Benjamin Wallingford of Rowley created a will on 30 August 1795 in which he left his entire estate, real and person, to his wife "Elles", whom he chose as his administrator. The will was witnessed by Thomas, Joseph and Benjamin Merrill, and was signed by all three as well as Benjamin himself. This will was never used, however, as his wife Alice died in 1801, voiding it. When Benjamin himself died in 1805 he was declared intestate. Amos Jewett of Bow, N.H., yeoman, gave bond on 4 November 1805 with John Brocklebank and Solomon Nelson, both yeomen of Rowley, after which Amos was appointed administrator of the estate. This Amos is likely the son of Benjamin's mother's second husband Samuel Jewett by his previous wife, or a step-brother to Benjamin. The inventory of the estate was taken on 3 June 1806 by John Brocklebank, Solomon Nelson and David Tenney and showed a homestead consisting of a dwelling house, barn, shop and about 20 acres worth a total of $1500. Also mentioned were 7 acres of woodland worth $210, and 4 pews in the meetinghouse worth $60. There was a long list of personal belongings and the total value of the estate was $2389.64.(557)
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Skip to comments."MU research chief wants 'cold fusion' puzzle solved"
Posted on 05/09/2013 11:37:28 AM PDT by count-your-change
"Thats the opinion of Rob Duncan, vice chancellor of research at the University of Missouri. He is in the early stages of pitching a plan to establish a national research program that would help scientists study tabletop energy.......
Without a nationally funded program, youre going to be limited by the scope of what you can do, he said.......
Duncan is optimistic higher-ups might be willing to pay attention, even in tight budget times. At a conference in August, representatives from the Naval Research Laboratory presented findings from several experiments where excess heat was produced in a laboratory.".......
(this article was updated recently)
(Excerpt) Read more at columbiatribune.com ...
Certainly more research into both hot and "cold" fusion will increase basic knowledge but as the mind breaking amounts of money spent on hot fusion demonstrate, increasing budgets do not necessarily lead to practical results and may never.
So it appears that enough money is being spent on cold fusion research even if not a green Niagra from Washington.
Cold Fusion only works in Italy. It’s called the ‘Chianti Effect.’
Something tells me that it is either not possible — or so easy they’ll wonder why it took them so long to figure it out.
Funny I watched Continuum the other night (short version; show about a cop that is accidentally sent back in time 65 years with a gang of terrorists that are actually patriots that want to stand against the big corporations that a part if the one world government but act like thugs; hard o tell who the good or bad guys at times) and there was a scientist that was developing cold fusion technology to meet energy needs but the military saw the potential to weaponize it and use it against the people.
Just a strange parallel there; science fiction imitating what might become real life. Good show on Syfy; I recommend it...: )
I want federal funding so I can travel there to find out and I don’t mean going tourist class.
Soon as a good profit can be made it will be done.
That I think is very real possibility.
“Page Not Found” - did the FReeper Science Experts get it pulled or what?
The Cold Fusion/LENR Ping List
How about not, since the majority of us taxpayers don’t want our money wasted chasing debunked conspiracy theories?
Easily fooled aren’t you.
LOL. Cold fusion has already demonstrated more progress than hot, having actually reached breakeven (and far more than breakeven).
"So it appears that enough money is being spent on cold fusion research even if not a green Niagra from Washington.
How about we spend 1% of the funds thus far spent on "hot fusion" on LENR research??? Given that the "hot fusioneers" have been running a disinformation campaign against LENR since pretty much day one...the sole reason for which was to protect their monetary turf. An effort which has, unfortunately, been largely successful.
Nope, not fooled at all. I’ve actually looked at the evidence and saw with my own eyes that WTC7 suffered massive structural damage which caused the collapse. The huckster Alex Jones and his ilk don’t like to show you that evidence, though, because they are not interested in the truth, just promoting their bogus theories.
I should’ve put this in the text:
Google the title, too.
“did the FReeper Science Experts get it pulled or what?”
No, but I’m sure they wish they could.
Away with you! You’ve been exposed.
How about we spend 1% of the funds thus far spent on “hot fusion” on LENR research???
***I’m a revolutionary. I think it should be 2% or more. In fact, I think it should be proportional to the energy produced by each experiment over the last few years.
The hot fusion boys have spent $250B of our money, and the best we have to show for it is 6MJoules of output for a few seconds. In the meantime, hundreds of LENR experiments have generated thousands of MJoules for less than a thousandth of the cost almost all of which is private money to begin with.
So for hot fusion, weve got maybe a total of 10MJoules for $250B, which comes to $25k/Joule. For cold fusion, weve got maybe a total of 100k MJoules for $250M, which 25cents/Joule.
Exposed as what??? Someone who thinks successful research should be rewarded by being accelerated to completion with additional funding, and that unsuccessful research should be de-funded?? I would think that any rational person would agree.
Shoo! You’ve been dismissed.
There are a whole lot more that agree with me.
"And BTW you have not seen "massive structural damage" to that building nor can you post a pic of it because the building was basically intact at the time it was pulled."
So you're calling me a liar? Don't tell me what I have or have not seen. Now, I WILL post the pics, just to prove you wrong, though I don't hold out much hope that it will change your attitude:
I'm sorry, but in the real world, a building that is missing an entire corner, from the 18th floor down to the ground, does not qualify as "basically intact", especially in when you are talking about cantilever construction. A more appropriate description would be "fatally compromised".
Shoo yourself. I won't be "dismissed" any more than you chronic skeptopaths. Apparently you are either unable or unwilling to actually discuss the experimental science (as is typical of pretty much ALL the anti-LENR types that have posted on these threads), so you resort to inanities.
An interesting comparison would be the cumulative dollars funded by the government on high energy fusion and low energy fusion and divide those totals by the cumulative energies produced by each of the two processes.
I think that’s been attempted but what would it really show? If neither have no foreseeable application then it would seem the better part of caution to be tight fisted about the spending.
But you have been dismissed so off you go now, there’s a lad, Ta Ta.
No “flamewars” tolerated here.
Ah, yes. Another self-appointed posting vigilante. Why does this NOT surprise me. It's OK for you skeptopaths to deluge LENR threads with garbage posts, but not for you to be called on it.
I think such a comparison would show that LENR spending would be far more efficient than high energy fusion funding. I am not aware of any high energy fusion tests that have lasted for any meaningful lengths of time.
The LENR processes have produced excess energies for long enough periods to be utilized by known techniques, however inefficient. With high energy fusion many technical problems would have to be addressed to utilize the excess energy. Materials would be a major technical hurdle.
The subject of the thread is LENR, etc., not you. If you wish to comment on those aspects of LENR discussed in the post and related matters, then welcome back.
There’s enough meat on the cold fusion bone to allow a few more servings.
“The LENR processes have produced excess energies for long enough periods to be utilized by known techniques, however inefficient”
Someone has made “excess energies” for enough hot water to take a shower or heat a house? Who might that be?
As for the hot fusion folks....they have a long, long wait ahead.
There have been numerous LENR tests that have produced excess energies for quite long periods of time - the problem has always been the ability to reproduce such results. If the mechanism of LENR processes were understood, commercialization would follow very rapidly.
If federal tax dollars are to be spent, the technology providing the fastest payout should be pursued.
Reasonably so. How often are funding decisions quite UNreasonable? Maybe some of the money from hot fusion could be redirected but I doubt that will happen either.
Look back upthread, old boy. "I" wasn't the one who changed the subject away from LENR funding.....you were.
I'm sorry, I really don't want to break your bubble, but if your travel is being paid with federal funding, you DON'T get to go first class. If you work for the federal government, you don't even get a choice of airlines. In fact, in this time of budget sequestration, you'd be lucky to be allowed to go anywhere with federal funding.
Signed, a sad scientist who hasn't been to a scientific conference in over two years.
Isn't that a synonym for "perpetual energy"?
How ‘bout I get a pony instead?
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.
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In 2005 I produced a number of leaflets - The Living Truth series - which covered a variety of themes. Fr John Edwards SJ wrote an excellent leaflet on the theme of grace. I include the text of this leaflet here:
"The life of Grace is absolutely vital for intelligent living in this life and to getting to heaven and avoiding going to a place where all good is rejected - hell - in the next. It is the most important gift I could ever have, and its loss would be the greatest disaster. Christianity is nearly incomprehensible if we do not know about it.
Grace is a supernatural share in the life of God himself. It is already the life we need to live in heaven; it is the equipment we need to endure, let alone enjoy, never ending Goodness, Truth and Beauty, outside space and time, for all eternity. It is a share in the life of Jesus, earned for us at a great cost when he died on the cross.
Grace enables us to enter and enjoy heaven (Without it we would find it un-endurable - it would in fact be hell because we wouldn't have the right tools and equipment.) Right now, every single action we do draws from the Heavenly Father a "reward". This we receive in heaven. From God's point of view it is important that we are in a state of Grace, because if we are filled with grace we can help to make heaven a reality here on earth.
The Scriptures say a lot about Grace. It's bad to try to argue from "proof texts"' but here are some basic thought-provokers: "I am the Way, the Truth and the Life", "no man can enter into the Kingdom of God unless birth comes to him by water and from the Holy Spirit", "if anyone eats my flesh and drinks my blood, he lives in me, and I in him", "he has chosen us out, in Christ ... marking us out ... to be his adopted children through Jesus Christ."
We receive Grace normally through baptism. We lose it through mortal sin (that is, if we give full and deliberate consent to something against God's law in a serious matter, something that seriously rejects love and goodness.) We regain it through a deep love-sorrow, which is God's gift. This love-sorrow is always given if we receive the Sacrament of Absolution properly; this refers to the reality of being forgiven of our wrongs when we receive this sacrament through the heands of a Catholic priest.
Do we feel the presence of Grace? Not normally. Do only Catholics have Grace? No, otherwise only Catholics would get to heaven. But Grace certainly comes in some way through the Church - which is of course Christ's Body.
There is much more that we can say about Grace, but notice two things especially. First, the life of Grace comes through the gift of Jesus; it is a share in his own life. And he got his life from Mary - that was the way God planned it. Mary is not worshipped, but honoured by Catholics and has a vast part to play in our own state of Grace, in receiving it and in keeping it."
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Torus.jpg 4,691pages on this wiki Add New Page Edit History Add New Page Talk0 Size of this preview: 612 × 479 pixels. Other resolutions: 307 × 240 pixels | 613 × 480 pixels | 766 × 600 pixels | 981 × 768 pixels. Full resolution (1,047 × 820 pixels, file size: 165 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) About File History Metadata There is no description yet. Add a description. File history Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment current19:40, October 18, 20061,047 × 820 (165 KB)Yunzhong Hou (wall | contribs) Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file. Orientation Normal Software used ACD Systems Digital Imaging File change date and time 17:59, October 15, 2006 Y and C positioning Centered Exif version 2.1 DateTime subseconds 328 Retrieved from "http://future.wikia.com/wiki/File:Torus.jpg?oldid=6408"
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South Atlantic Water Science Center - Georgia
SEPTEMBER 2009 FLOODING
USGS IN YOUR STATE
USGS Water Science Centers are located in each state.
September 2009 Flooding: Picture Galleries
Many days of continuous heavy rain in mid-September have resulted in flooding in many parts of Georgia, especially in north Georgia and the Atlanta region. These rains have been producing streamflows of record proportions. View a map of real-time stream stage and streamflow monitoring sites in Georgia to select a site of interest to you.
This picture shows flooding at Dog River at Hwy 5, Douglas County, Georgia on September 21, 2009. The deck holds the USGS automated water-monitoring and transmission equipment that allows for real-time display of current stream conditions on our Web pages.
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A 'New Ireland Lost': The Irish Presence in Prince Edward Island
by Brendan O'Grady
In 1780, when Donegal born Captain Walter Patterson, first Governor of St. John's Island, chose to rename the British colony, he could hardly have foreseen the appropriateness in having the Legislative Assembly call it New Ireland. Notwithstanding the Privy Council's refusal to allow the proposed name and the contemporary Britsh policy prohibiting colonization from Ireland between 1767 and 1850 about 10,000 immigrants from at leat 25 countries of Ireland came to constitute one quarter of the founding people of the province of Prince Edward Island.
The Irish immigrants found this island to an agreeable but challenging place to live. As in much of the old country, the island's cleared landscape comprised gently rolling hills and golden hills and red soil excellent for growing potatoes and for pasteuring dairy herds and fine horses. Two of the island's drwabacks were familiar to the Irish: Landlordism and sectariansim, even after the penal restrictions had eneded in 1830, bedeviled social progress and caused friction well into the 20th century. Even the "exile" syndrome followed the Irish here, for no sooner had the settlers begun to prosper than their descendants started to outmigrate, repeating the well known pattern of adventure abroad and aguish at home. Generally, the Irish shared the common lot of pioneers. They fared no better than the English, Scottish or Acadian settlers in coping with the formidable forest, wild animals, rigours of winter and endless physical toil.
In many ways a microcosm of experience in Atlantic Canada, this island's culture also has some distinctive qualities. An island only 140 miles long and 4 to 40 miles wide and inhabited by 125,000 people is a society on a human scale.In such a society, which was 90% rural a century ago, it was normal to retain and transmit inherited manners and morals. The very insularity helped to conserve cultural values. Such a place, however, culd not long remain isolated. The erosive effects of world wide instant communications, the invasions of the summer tourists and the jet age mobility of the islanders themseleves are among the factors which have profoundly shaken the old cultural foundations. Hampered as Irish studies are by the lack of documentation and first hand accounts- for the Irish relied more on oral tradition than on written statements- historians are now challenged to construct a plausible account of the Irish presence in Prince Edward Island. In that spirit, the following tentative summary is offered.
In 1767, nine years after taking possission of the island from the French, the British divided the island into 67 townships averaging 20,000 acres and awarded these estates by lottery to persons who had earned rewards for political or military services. The proprietors, invaribaly absentee landlords, were required to recruit tenants from the Protestant poulation in continental Europe or in the North American colonies - a requirement which few preprietors met. For the next century, tenants and colonial governments disputed claims. In 1875, the provincial government finally purchased the remaining estates and resold the farms to the tenants who had cultivated them.
Some early proprietors were successful colonizers. The efforts of Captain John MacDonald of Glenalladale, Sir James Montgomery and Lord Selkirk ensured that the Scots would be the island's most dominant ethnic group. Robert Clark settled a large number of Englishmen in New London while other proprietors offered land to Loyalists who fled the American revolution and Englishmen continued to some to the island in fair numbers until the middle of the nineteenth century. Recruitment efforts in Ireland, however, were not so productive. Governor Patterson and Tipperary born Lieutenant Governor Thomas DesBrisay, illictly publicized their offers in various places in Ireland but attracted few responses and during the 1820's, General Hunt Walsh's heirs employed Irish agents who managed to settle in the Foxley River area of Lot 11 some Catholic families from the midland counties now called Laois and Offaly but only the large scale colonizing plan involving Irish settlers was imitated in 1830 by a Scottish priest who wished to populate the estate he had inerited 15 miles from Charlottetown. Geberally, the Irish settlements lacked planning and leadership and the coming of immigrants was largely fortuitous.
The Irish arrivals may be divided into three overlapping groups: The Colonial Poineers (1758-1810), the southeastern immigrants (1800-1840) and the Monagahan Pioneers (1830-1850). These catagories and labels are arbitary, of course, and are meant simply to facilitate analysis. The heaviest influx of Irish settlers resulted from two unrelated movements between 1810 and 1850. The 1810-1840 wave brought immigrants princiaplly from the southeastern counties of Wexford, Waterfird, Kilkenny and Tipperary and the overlapping 1830-1850 wave brought settlers from such northern counties as Armagh, Tyrone and especially Monaghan. These 19th century immigrants were overwhemingly Catholic.
British military occupation of Ile St. jean occured in 1758 when Lord Rollo, employing a detachment of troops, many of who were from Cork, took over Fort La Joie. These soldiers and succeeding garrisons evidently included the first Irishmen to come to this island. Later, when the British colonial administration was intsalled in 1769, immigrants of the Asdendancy class were prominant if not numerous. Their function was to establish British law and institutions in this proprietary state and to ensure that it would be a loyal British colony. Among the Irish born elite in the early colonial period were several administrative officials, business agents and enterpeneurs with Irish connections, land sepculators, and an established Church clergyman. Furthermore, Irishmen were among the pioneer farmers, fishermen, shipbuilders, tradesmen and labourers. Many huddled in Charlottetown; others scattered through most of the townships inhabited before the end of the 18th century. It is possible a few Irish were survivors of the wreck of the Elizabeth off Lot 11 in 1775, for this ship had sailed from London with 14 passengers and then taken an unprecedented number of people at Cork. Of the surnames counted in the nominal census of 1798, about 10 per cent appear to have been of Irish origin.
By 1780, the island was conducting a brisk trade with Newfoundland, which partly explains how small numbers of Irish from that colony "blew in" to Charlottetown and to havens along the north shore. Much earlier,of course,transatlantic commerce between the British Isles and the North American colonies brought people and supplies to Newfoundland. Actually, every spring in the 18th century, thousands of "green men" sailed from southeastern Ireland to the Grand Banks fishery. Many of these men chose to settle at onshore bases or to try their fortune in the colonies to the south. Among the latter were those who trickled into Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. Thus, even before the massive Irish emigration of the 19th century, the Irish Newfoundlanders had begun to find their way to the Maritime region.
(The French missionary) Abbe DeCaclone perceived the Irish of Charlottetown as demoralized, dispossessed and disorderly, just one part in a large tapestry. Though small in numbers, the pioneer Irish represented a mixture of state officials, soldiers and ordinary citizens. They were Anglo-Irish, Ulster-Irish and Gaelic-Irish, refugess from the American revolution and the rebellion of 1798; of Anglicans, Presbyterians and Roman Catholics.
Of the 19th century newcomers,it can be said that when they left Ireland, they took their Irishness with them. Up until the mid thirties, most of these Irish settled in the southeastern counties. About 90% of the Irish of Newfoundland came from this region. They in turn moved on to other Maritime provinces, including Prince Edwaed Island. When the European codfish market collapsed in 1815, thousands who had been eomployed in the fishery descended upon Halifax, the lumber camps of New Brunswick and work places in Quebec and New England. Many of those known as "two boaters" came to PEI. To ascertain how many came from Newfoundland to PEI is impossible for there are only fragmentary records.
The island also benefited from settlers who sometimes crossed from Pictou and Pugwash in Nova Scotia and from the Miramichi lumber camps. The traffic across the Northumberland strait was two way and helped establish year round communication with the mainland, just as the seasonal sailings of the larger vessels maintained ties between the island and Irish ports.
Passenger lists were not mandatory until 1855 (and not fully enforced then); therefore from that source there is practically no information about the names of Irish settlers. Tradition holds that the Irish settlers in PEI were mainly famkine victims. Documentary evidence, however, contraverts that notion. The overwhelming number of island immigrants came prior to the famine but even during the famine, only one ship bearing passengers striken with fever is recorded as having been quarantined in Charlottetown. The Lady Constable arrived on May 24, 1847 from Liverpool with 400 north of Ireland settlers. There had been 24 fatalities at sea and eight more died while the ship was in port. While it is true the ship did not have to face the pestilence experience in Grosse Isle and various buriel sites along the Sy. Lawrence, it is true the majority of Irish immigrants, even prior to the famine, had fled from poor conditions and localized crop failures and arrived here in virtual poverty. In fact, the founding of the Benovolent Irish Society in Charlottetown in 1825 was intended to assist such needy immigrants.
Father Malachy Reynolds, a native of County Leitrum, parish priest to Charlotteown, was also on hand to assist the immigrants from Monaghan by directing them to various Irish settlements. Arriving in very large numbers, they soon overflowed Father MacDonald's Fort Augustus patrimony and spead eastward for 30 miles.
Bwteen 1835 and 1848 immigrants from the northern counties numbered about 4,000. The 1848 census records 6,407 Irish born residents in a total population of 62,678. Speculation suggests that persons of Irish birth and descent who by that time had infiltrated virtually every township on the island may have numbered close to 15,000. The heaviest concentrations were in those settlements where the Monaghan immigrants congregated. By mid century, immigration to PEI from Ireland effectively ceased.
The Monaghan settlers were the most cohesive of all Irish immigrants in the island.Many were blood relations and all shared provincial if not county kinship. Most of them settled in central Queen's county and along its two county lines, in Kings County to the east and Prince County to the west. As relative latecomers, they usually had to accept farmlands some distance from navigatable streams or open water. Sometimes, as in the Kinora district. they luckliy occupied highly productive acerages- which in turn engendered a pride of place and a progressive community spirit. The northern Irish developed a reputation for being chuvanistic, even pugnatious and they occasionally found cause to engage the "southies" in faction fights.
This same sturdy confidence and assertiveness- exemplified in the career of journalist and Reform Party Deputy Leader, Mayo born Edward Whelan-placed many Irish (both northerners and southerbers) in the forefront of the struggle for tenats' rights. The general Irish participation in the Tenant Leage, the escheat movement and other activities designed to dissolve the propriorships and to deed the farms to the resident tillers of the soil, is amply documented. In this major sociopolitical movement, which crossed thnic and sectarian lines, the Irish were a highly vocal and visible minority. Though methods of passive resistance and political action were normally employed, there were intermittent outbreaks of localized violence.
The most notorious encounter occured on election day, March 1, 1847 and pitted 200 mainly Irish supporters of the Reform candidates against 200 mainly Scottish adherants of the Conservative candidates. The principal difference between the fracas and other election rows on the island was that by the time the contending Celts had put aside their cudgels in the field by the hustings was strewn with dozens of injured men. Three were killed, one Scotsman and two Irishmen. That this incident occured in a district imcidentally called Belfast, that one side was predominately Irish and Catholic and the other predominantly Scottish and Presbyterian, and that a contemporary controversy over the use of the Bible in the public schools was a proximate issue- these circumstances gave credence to the belief, especially among the Scots, that the Belfast riot was a critical battle in a holy war, ir at least in a contest of national pride and honour. Irish spokesmen viwed the lamentable incident as an episode in the tenant-landlord struggle, an election fight that had got out of hand. Rather than exaserbate relations between the former combatants by ordering a full-scale investigation into the causes of the Belfast riot, the Governor of the day chose to draw a veil forever over the melancoly affair. That tactful decision gave free play to the balladeers and makers of myths.
During the latter half of the 19th century, the gloomy wilderness that had once intimidated many pioneers was transformed into the "garden of the gulf" and the small colony grew into a responsible province of Canada.
The Irish immigrants (were) assimilated with minimum detriment to their Old Country culture; rarely did they retain their ancient language or leave written accounts of their experiences. They did, however, enrich the dialectical langauge, folklore and folk music of the island. Furthermore, they retained their concern for their families, their desire for land, their interest in politics, their respect for learning and their religious zeal - traditions which enabled them to live as reliable neigbours in the island's agricultural and fishing villages alongside people whose heritage was Scottish or English or French.
In 1864, an intercolonial conference held at Charlottetown eventually led to the Confederation of the Canadian provinces. One century after Governor Patterson attempted to rename the colony in honour of his own homeland, people of Irish origin conmstituted about one quarter of the island population. Then a dramatic reversal set in. Large scale and continuous outmigration reduced the Celtic dominance of the island for both the Scots and the Irish began to leave in large numbers while the English and Acadian French tended to remain at home. As a result, by the middle of the 20th century, the proportion of Scots had declined from 45 to 32 per cent and the Irish from 23 to 19 per cent while the French had increased their numbers from 10 to 16 per cent and the English from 20 to 30 per cent.
By far the favourite destination of thousands of PEI expatriates from 1880 to 1940 was New England, particularly the environs of Boston. Others migrated to such places as California and Colorado and some even sailed to South America and New Zealand. Almost eight generations after the first Irishmen came ashore and five generations after the large influx of Irish settlers, the Hiberian presence in PEI is still clearly evident.
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Movement toward conservation, renewable and alternative fuels, and a decreasing reliance on hydrocarbon fuels per unit of GDP will continue and, I think, accelerate in most of the world’s most important advanced and developing economies. This will happen whether or not the IPCC issues another report, because it is in the interests of the major economies to cut fuel use to be economically competitive and to increase their national security. Efforts to establish comprehensive monitoring of CO2 emissions around the world will also continue — if for no other reason than that agencies like the CIA, organizations like the IMF and corporations like hedge funds and investment banks would like to have faster access to reliable data on shifts in global economic activity. The sheer blind bureaucratic lust for power that drives the culture of the United Nations and the world’s governments will also ensure continuing efforts to give politicians and their appointees the last word on regulating as much economic activity as possible.
In other words, the review panel in Amsterdam, like the IPCC itself, is something of a sideshow. To use the kind of simile that might appeal to an author of Dr. Pachauri’s ambitions, the IPCC and the review panel are like the piano in a house of ill repute: useful for establishing atmosphere, but playing no substantive role in the core operations of the firm.I'm already planning to steal that.
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Datriux is a small rock and ice planet with an extremely thin nitrogen-based atmosphere. Exploited for its metal deposits, the planet's iridium was marked as part of Palaven's strategic reserve during the Krogan Rebellions. Its facilities have been maintained to this day.
Scans indicate the Reapers did not destroy the surface facilities. It is possible they either did not see them as a threat, or plan on using them for their own purpose. A few Reaper destroyers serve as a skeleton crew here, backed by a capital ship in case the turians attempt to retake the planet.
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Answer: Ficus normally go through a spring growth spurt in response to the longer days and resulting better light, so I would expect it to show some nice growth in a bright location with ample light.
Two possible "invisible" explanations for why this may be happening are that the plant might simply be a dwarf variety or it may have been treated with a growth retardant prior to your purchasing it.
Another possibility is that the roots have remained entwined tightly in their original potting mix rather than growing outward into the soil added at repotting, thus causing a natural sort of bonsai or dwarfing effect. To check for this you would need to unpot it and look closely at the roots. If this is the case, you would probably see other indications of the plant needing repotting, such as wilting/drying out very quickly or poor coloring, in spite of the larger pot size. If you find this, you can try to unwind the roots or try root pruning to try to stimulate the roots to grow outward. When repotting, try to match the original soil mix texture or composition as closely as possible, do not move to a drastically larger pot but instead go up just a size or so, and take care when watering so as not to accidently overwater until the plant has rooted through the new mix.
Finally, this plant is very sensitive to salt and stunting could be a symptom of excess salt in the soil, possibly from fertilizing or from using water that has gone through a home water softener system. To correct that, try leaching several times with plain water. Take care not to exceed label amounts when fertilizing also -- too much is worse than none at all.
I hope this helps you trouble shoot.
Q&A Library Searching Tips
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Again we have come with another innovative planting tip which is very important for every home gardeners who always strives for a healthy blooming fruitful garden.
Steps before positioning the trellis
There are different designs of trellis that can be ideal for your home garden. But selecting the ideal type of trellis depends on what type of plants will be climbing on it. While choosing the right design of trellis for your garden it is a better option to choose a strong trellis, which is also beautiful enough to embellish your garden. Trellises can be metallic wooden or of plastic like PVC pipe. Metallic posts are better than the wooden ones as they last long and doesn't get damaged easily. If you insist on wooden post it is better to layer it with a preservative. On top of the posts you can spread plastic or string net or chicken wire net. But chicken wire net has a disadvantage. Removing dead plants form chicken wire net can be a troublesome job. Long Bamboo poles can be used to climb pole beans
Some information on trellis structure
- Plants should be trained to climb on trellises while they are small. Attach string on the plants and make them climb the trellis
- Trellis structures should be located on the north side of the garden so that the other plants are not overshadowed.
- It is better to use vertical trellis if there is a space problem.
Advantages and disadvantages of the trellis structure
- Vegetables grown with the support of trellis are easier to pluck and don't get rot easily. It is because it has less contact with the soil.
- Air is circulated more and it results in the healthy growth of the vegetables.
- Trellises can also take care of your privacy by providing you a sort of screen from unwanted attention.
- Also it can be a cool shade during the summer and give a relief from the scorching sun.
Growing plants on trellises are not without disadvantages.
- Trellises should be strong enough for the windy places.
- Plant that are not naturally climbers you need to train them so that they can climb the trellises.
- Heavy fruit and vegetables will require more support while grown on trellises.
- Thorough -watering is required for trellis-plants, as water is been absorbed quickly in this growth technique.
- As trellis plants are more open to wind so it prevents pollination. So it affects the flower plants especially.
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An adjustable bolted propeller, like the one pictured above for Britain’s new QE-class aircraft carrier, feature fixed-pitch blades which are installed on the hub after machining, as compared to the entire propeller being machined at once. This enables the pitch of the blades to be increased or decreased during yard periods should variations in hull resistance warrant such a change.
Rolls-Royce notes, “In comparison to conventional monobloc fixed pitch propellers the ABP has higher quality blade machining and reduced overall weight, which give easier shipment, handling and mounting.”
Transporting a monoblock fixed-pitch propeller, such as this one for Maersk’s giant Triple-E class containership can be a significant undertaking.
While at Wartsila’s facility in Trieste, Italy last year, we saw a few blades being readied for transport:
And the associated hub (controllable reversible pitch):
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USA Today tells us;
A decommissioned Air Force ship is being prepared at a Virginia shipyard to become a new habitat for marine life and an attraction for recreational divers in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary.
A $6 million project to turn the 524-foot-long General Hoyt S. Vandenberg into a reef is scheduled to culminate in the spring of 2008, with the vessel’s sinking in 140 feet of water about six miles south of Key West.
Retired in 1983, the Vandenberg floated for 24 years among ships in the U.S. Maritime Administration’s James River Naval Reserve Fleet at Fort Eustis, Va.
he Vandenberg began its nautical life in 1943 under a different name, the Gen. Harry S. Taylor, as a troop transport ship.
After participating in World War II, the Hungarian Revolution and the Cold War, it was overhauled to become a missile-tracking vessel in the Atlantic. When christened for that assignment, it became the Vandenberg, named after the former Air Force general and director of the Central Intelligence Group, predecessor to today’s Central Intelligence Agency. Read More…
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StatoilHydro Builds Offshore Floating Wind Turbine
Norwegian company StatoilHydro is building the first deepwater floating wind turbine called the Hymini.
StatoilHydro, a Norwegian oil company that's attracted its own share of critics as of late, is building the first offshore, deepwater floating wind turbine christened the Hywind. The company's investing $80 million for the project which aims to build a turbine attached at the top of a floating buoy. Usual turbine structures at sea are stationary, with the base planted firmly on the seabed. The Hywind, on the other hand, could be dragged to deeper waters where the winds are often stronger.
Hywind will stand 65 meters above the surface of the sea with a diameter measuring 80 meters. If everything goes according to plan, it'll have a 2.3 megawatt capacity. To be located 10km offshore, the project will commence sometime by the second half of 2009. This will serve as a preliminary project marking the start of StatoilHydro's aim of building turbines that will be set afloat waters 170 meters in depth, each powering up to 1,000 homes. But of course, such a deepwater wind farm won't come into fruition within just the next couple of years and StatoilHydro is cognizant of that.
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In the auditory system, striking transformations in the representations of stimuli occur between the auditory midbrain (inferior colliculus) and the auditory cortex. In all species, the single tonotopic representation in the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICc) gives way to multiple tonotopic areas in the primary auditory cortex and these multiple cortical areas exhibit segregation of function. Because the transformations between the ICc and auditory cortex are fundamental, it is important to know where and how they occur. The proposed studies address 1) the anatomical projections from distinct parts of the central nucleus of the ICc to the tonotopic parts ('core" areas) of the medial geniculate (MG), and the projections from core areas of the MG to the auditory cortex and 2) evaluation of whether different pathways carry different information. An understanding of the organization of the multiple parallel pathways making up the ascending auditory system is a fundamental component for understanding the mechanisms of auditory function. This knowledge is expected to provide information that can be used in making rational choices of potential targets for direct brain stimulation in deaf patients who cannot use a cochlear prosthesis or in intractable disorders such as tinnitus.
Understanding the transformations that occur in auditory representations in the forebrain auditory pathways will be important for designs of speech processors for cochlear implant users, selecting targets for direct brain stimulation in deaf patients who cannot use a cochlear prosthesis, and in intractable disorders such as tinnitus.
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The goal of this proposal is to elucidate the mechanisms of cortical structural plasticity by combining innovative in vivo imaging technology with classical visual manipulations. This integrative approach holds the potential to revolutionize our understanding of adaptive circuit modification, a fundamental aspect of brain function. Characterizing the dynamic potential of cortical neurons will provide a baseline for future testing of molecules with therapeutic potential for promoting plasticity in the cerebral cortex. Such molecules may be used to compensate for insults or deterioration at multiple levels of the visual pathway. To investigate the mechanisms underlying structural plasticity in the mammalian brain we utilized a multi- photon microscope system for chronic in vivo imaging of neuronal morphology in the intact rodent cerebral cortex. Using this system we have imaged and reconstructed the dendritic trees of neurons in visual cortex of thy1-GFP transgenic mice. These mice express GFP in a random subset of neurons sparsely distributed within the superficial cortical layers that are optically accessible through surgically implanted cranial windows. We will chronically image neurons in the superficial layers of the neocortex in control thy1-GFP mice, or thy1-GFP mice before, during, and after visual perturbations, to address the following aims:
Specific aim 1 : To clarify cell type-specific rules that delimit structural plasticity in the adult cortex, we will conduct a survey of structural dynamics in a cross section of neurons that reflects the diversity of neocortical cell types within the superficial layers of visual cortex. A comparative analysis of visual, somatosensory, and pre-frontal cortex will allow us to address whether interneuron remodeling is a general phenomenon.
Specific aim 2 : To investigate the role of visual experience in structural dynamics of layer 2/3 cortical neurons, we will manipulate visual input using experimental protocols that produce ocular dominance (OD) plasticity in the adult rodent cortex: prolonged monocular lid suture, monocular lid suture preceded by a previous monocular deprivation (MD), or monocular lid suture preceded by dark adaptation. For comparison, we will also apply two additional manipulations, binocular deprivation (BD) and monocular blockade by intraocular TTX injection. By comparing dendritic arbor changes in the cortex of untreated adult thy1-GFP mice with those in mice after a long MD, after a brief MD primed by a previous deprivation or by dark adaptation, after BD, or intraocular TTX injection, we can test the hypothesis that only the forms of activity that produce OD shifts will also enhance structural plasticity in the imaged neurons. Principle component analysis and cluster analysis will be used to quantitatively classify and analyze the morphological and cellular characteristics of imaged neurons. Cluster analysis should provide insight as to whether there are interneuron cell types that are more structurally plastic than others, and whether subsets of interneurons exhibit structural plasticity correlated with OD plasticity.
|Choi, Heejin; So, Peter T C (2014) Improving femtosecond laser pulse delivery through a hollow core photonic crystal fiber for temporally focused two-photon endomicroscopy. Sci Rep 4:6626|
|Cha, Jae Won; Singh, Vijay Raj; Kim, Ki Hean et al. (2014) Reassignment of scattered emission photons in multifocal multiphoton microscopy. Sci Rep 4:5153|
|Cha, Jae Won; Tzeranis, Dimitrios; Subramanian, Jaichandar et al. (2014) Spectral-resolved multifocal multiphoton microscopy with multianode photomultiplier tubes. Opt Express 22:21368-81|
|Chen, Jerry L; Nedivi, Elly (2013) Highly specific structural plasticity of inhibitory circuits in the adult neocortex. Neuroscientist 19:384-93|
|Chen, Jerry L; Villa, Katherine L; Cha, Jae Won et al. (2012) Clustered dynamics of inhibitory synapses and dendritic spines in the adult neocortex. Neuron 74:361-73|
|Chen, Jerry L; Lin, Walter C; Cha, Jae Won et al. (2011) Structural basis for the role of inhibition in facilitating adult brain plasticity. Nat Neurosci 14:587-94|
|Chen, Jerry L; Flanders, Genevieve H; Lee, Wei-Chung Allen et al. (2011) Inhibitory dendrite dynamics as a general feature of the adult cortical microcircuit. J Neurosci 31:12437-43|
|Cha, Jae Won; Ballesta, Jerome; So, Peter T C (2010) Shack-Hartmann wavefront-sensor-based adaptive optics system for multiphoton microscopy. J Biomed Opt 15:046022|
|Chen, Jerry L; Nedivi, Elly (2010) Neuronal structural remodeling: is it all about access? Curr Opin Neurobiol 20:557-62|
|Holtmaat, Anthony; Bonhoeffer, Tobias; Chow, David K et al. (2009) Long-term, high-resolution imaging in the mouse neocortex through a chronic cranial window. Nat Protoc 4:1128-44|
Showing the most recent 10 out of 12 publications
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Human Genetics has become a central focus of basic and biomedical research over the past decades, and is truly an integrative field. The study of the molecular basis of human disease promises to yield significant insights into our basic understanding of disease pathogenesis, and holds enormous promise in terms of therapeutic and clinical applications. This application requests funds to establish a Medical Genetics Training Program at Columbia University Medical Center to support three postdoctoral trainees per year, in a University-wide training program on the topic of Human Genetics. Training focuses on the clinical, molecular and genetic aspects of both Mendelian and complex diseases in children and adults. The major strength of the Medical Genetics Training Program is the outstanding quality and diversity of the training faculty, which provides trainees with the opportunity to perform postdoctoral research in laboratories and clinical settings that are internationally recognized. Twenty three faculty members representing many different Departments are included in this training program and have extensive experience and outstanding track records as trainers and mentors. Our mission is to advance the science underlying human genetics, and incorporate these advances into clinical practice through translational research. The goals of this Training Grant are directly aligned with NIGMS-supported postdoctoral training programs in medical genetics, which are designed to foster research careers in both basic and clinical aspects of human genetics. The clinical, didactic and research components of our Training Program are intended to prepare physician- scientists for a career in academic medicine. The Medical Genetics Training Program will provide an outstanding well-rounded training experience for postdoctoral trainees that will allow them to pursue a future academic career, and create a forum for the advancement of human genetics from many different programs at CUMC.
|Lee, Teresa M; Addonizio, Linda J; Chung, Wendy K (2014) Dilated cardiomyopathy due to a phospholamban duplication. Cardiol Young 24:953-4|
|Furniss, Megan; Higgins, Claire A; Martinez-Mir, Amalia et al. (2014) Identification of distinct mutations in AAGAB in families with type 1 punctate palmoplantar keratoderma. J Invest Dermatol 134:1749-52|
|Xing, Luzhou; Dai, Zhenpeng; Jabbari, Ali et al. (2014) Alopecia areata is driven by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and is reversed by JAK inhibition. Nat Med 20:1043-9|
|Yilmaz, Betul; Zuckerman, Warren A; Lee, Teresa M et al. (2013) Left ventricular assist device to avoid heart-lung transplant in an adolescent with dilated cardiomyopathy and severely elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Pediatr Transplant 17:E113-6|
|Luke, Courtney T; Casta, Alexandre; Kim, Hyunmi et al. (2013) Hairless and the polyamine putrescine form a negative regulatory loop in the epidermis. Exp Dermatol 22:644-9|
|Kiuru, Maija; Itoh, Munenari; Cairo, Mitchell S et al. (2010) Bone marrow stem cell therapy for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Dermatol Clin 28:371-82, xii-xiii|
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New mobile app could revolutionize ped, bike safetyThis article was posted as an April Fool's joke.
The proliferation of smartphones and texting while driving has created serious problems for pedestrian and bicycle safety, but a new application, just announced, could solve these problems.
I recently interviewed local cyclists about the new TextSight application, now available for a wide variety of GPS-enabled smartphones:
The revolutionary app allows texting drivers to "see" bicyclists and pedestrians in their path, and promises to significantly cut down on incidents of drivers hitting these other road users.
Greenbelt Mayor Pro Tem Emmett Jordan, Dr. Allen Lim of Skratch Labs and author of the The Feed Zone cookbook, and cyclocross superstar Tim Johnson all shared their thoughts for the video. The product demos were done in conjunction with Tim Johnson's Ride on Washington and sponsored by Proteus Bicycles in College Park.
- WMATA is considering scrapping the Metroway BRT
- Here's why it'd be wrong to shut down Metro east of the Anacostia River
- Is our next president going to care about transit and street safety?
- Metro's plan for late-night bus service isn't much of a plan
- Without more information, riders shouldn't accept Metro late night cuts
- Metro is proposing service cuts, again. Will riders ever see the benefits?
- Marriott is moving its headquarters to downtown Bethesda so it can be in a denser place that's closer to transit
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Educator Curtis Debord Announces Before School Tutoring Program
Florida educator, Curtis Debord has made quite a name for himself over his career, that hasn't stopped him from pioneering a new program to tutor students in their core subjects after school.
"Sometimes things just move a bit too fast in the classroom for every student to be able to keep up," said Debord.
"Many students are afraid to speak up because they do not want to displease the teacher or to be made fun of by their peers. After school tutoring gives them the opportunity to catch up, along with the confidence to speak up in the classroom in the future."
Similar programs have been set up at other schools by Mr. Debord.
The success of these programs is easy to calculate, the extra one on one council that students receive pays off in the long term and is ideal for reinforcing lessons given in class.
"Ideally, there would be no need for tutoring, and learning would be accomplished through the classroom setting alone," said Curtis Debord.
"This is simply not possible, and students need additional assistance outside the classroom. These tutoring opportunities can help students better understand the information they have been exposed to in the classroom."
Recent studies have shown that lack of confidence keeps students from excelling in their studies.
Programs like these give students a chance to better understand their materials to help bolster class participation.
When teachers ask if there are any questions, most students will stay quiet, just speaking in front of your peers can be difficult, even college and continuing education students have trouble expressing themselves openly in a classroom setting.
"One of the things that we have noticed in the students that have participated in tutoring is that their confidence in the classroom goes up," said Curtis Debord.
The one on one sessions shows students their questions are valid by giving them a chance to sit with at teacher and ask candidly.
Tutoring programs are proven to be a great way to alleviate the stress of learning for those who can't handle the classroom setting well.
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This page contains my thoughts on various technical topics. Some could probably be expanded into whole blog posts. We'll see if I ever get there.
Before I start giving opinions on programming languages, I want to start by stating that a programming language is simply a tool. In the hands of a master, almost any language can be used effectively. While some languages are more appropriate for certain scenarios, there are always larger issues, such as the understanding and competenence of those surrounding you.
PHP was one of the first programming languages I used on personal projects (as opposed to classroom work). At the time I learned and used it, I only really knew C++. And, coming from C++, PHP was just easier to use. And, when you are a student and want to get things done fast, the choice is easy.
In my PHP days, I wrote a mountain of blog posts about PHP. I was excited about PHP 5 over PHP 4 because it meant increasing the liklihood of better organized code through OO. At the time (and I believe it is still the case), many PHP programs were glorified shell scripts. They include other files haphazzardly. They don't have a unified API or library design. They just felt hacked up. I always tried to be a "good" PHP programmer by utilizing classes, implementing tests through PHPUnit, making source code readable, etc.
After learning other scripting languages (like Perl and Python), I quickly abandoned PHP in favor of them. They offer everything PHP does (and more) and they do it better. About the only thing PHP has/had going for it was its ubuiquity. You could run a PHP program nearly everywhere. But in the corporate world, where I had my own servers, I could do anything I wanted.
My gripes about PHP will likely echo others':
I first ran into Perl when I was very young and my father thought I might enjoy learning how to program. He gave me a print out of a free book on how to learn Perl. My mind could not grok it at the time, so I moved on.
My next encounter with Perl was at an internship in 2006 at Tellme Networks, where it was used extensively. I learned beginner Perl during the internship. And, when I started full-time in early 2007, I picked it up slowly over the course of a year. Of course, any time someone says they learn Perl, what they really mean is "they learned how to use Perl in the way that others at the organization use Perl." I was fortunate that "Tellme Perl" was very readable: lots of modules (as opposed to scripts), lots of tests, usage of Perl::Critic, and strict and warnings were used everywhere. Best of all, there were a lot of great Perl programmers and they loved imparting their knowledge via code reviews and demonstrations.
My favorite aspect of Perl is CPAN. Hands down the best library collection of any programming language. I hate reinventing the wheel. And with CPAN, you often don't need to. Excellent resource. Other likes of Perl include:
Obviously I have technical gripes about Perl:
Lua is my favorite embeddable programming language. I fancy the language because it is small, extremely fast (LuaJIT can rival C/C++), and is minimal.
I often find myself using Lua in C or C++ programs to accomplish tasks that I don't want to code in C or C++. I can write things in a higher-level language without dealing with the complexities of C/C++. Or, if I want the ability to run user-supplied code, Lua is often where I turn to facilitate that. I can create more than 100,000 Lua contexts per second on a modern CPU and each context consumes just a few kB of memory, so it scales very well. And, each context is locked down by default and there are hooks to limit allocations and CPU usage, so it is pretty easy to keep in check, even when running user-supplied code.
Lua isn't perfect (no language is). My gripes typically echo that of the larger community. But, for what it is, it is amazing and I love working with it.
Python is currently my favorite dynamic/scripting language. You can do almost everything in Python. The syntax is highly readable. It has a great set of libraries available. The community is active. Performance is decent. The source code and manual is peppered with Monty Python references. There's very little about Python that I don't like.
Where do I begin with Cassandra? I dated Cassandra for a few months at Xobni, where she served as the sole data storage layer for Xobni Cloud, a cloud-based service for storing email, contact, and personal interaction data. She seemed to get the job done, but it was really rough.
When I first started, Xobni was running Cassandra 0.6.2 or 0.6.3 in EC2 utilizing the ephemeral (built-in) storage on instances (as opposed to EBS). Every time any sort of workload was incurred, disk I/O would spike through the roof and we'd see I/O queue and wait times reach alarming values. Furthermore, processes would OOM frequently.
Over time, we made application improvements to reduce I/O, learned how to tune the JVM, applied Cassandra settings that were appropriate for us, etc. But, every time we made an improvement, Cassandra hit us with a new curveball that left us scratching our heads. It felt as if we were constantly "leveling up" to achieve the title of Cassandra Zen Master, only to have Cassandra fight back every step of the way.
My latest experience with Cassandra was with 0.6.13. If someone were to ask, I would probably recommend not using it. The reasons are explained in the following paragraphs.
My chief complaint against Cassandra stems from complications due to memory management. Cassandra blows through a JVM heap like you wouldn't believe. I once witnessed Cassandra allocating around 4GB/s! At that rate, you will incur many stop-the-world garbage collections (at least with the Sun/Oracle JVM). This can cause peer nodes to mark the paused node as down, which disrupts cluster efficiency. And, if two nodes in the same replication range pause at the same time (at least with replication factor 3), there goes your availability.
While we're speaking of memory management, I don't care for Cassandra's treatment of memory within a garbage-collected language/environment (Java/JVM). There are many parts of Cassandra that iterate over massive amounts of data (via file handles), read the data to an in-memory buffer, do something with it, and disregard the buffer, leaving it up to the JVM to GC it. This leads to rapid heap exhaustion and frequent garbage collections. It would be much better if Cassandra just allocated a single large buffer and reused it. Yes, you incur the memory allocation overhead, but you've probably already done that anyway by defining a fixed JVM heap size. And, I'll trade a little hardware resources for a more consistent system almost always.
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Library of Congress Selects Harvard Vocarium for National Recording Registry
In the 1930s recording pioneer Frederick C. Packard in collaboration with Harvard's Poetry Room, the Harvard Film Service, and the Department of English launched the Harvard Vocarium label and began producing audio recordings of authors such as T.S. Eliot, Tennessee Williams, and Marianne Moore.
In making the announcement of the registry, Billington stated, "The challenge of reviewing more than 100 years of the history of recorded sound in America and selecting only 50 significant recordings for the inaugural recording registry was formidable. The registry was not intended by Congress to be another Grammy Awards or 'best of' list. Rather, Congress created the registry to celebrate the richness and variety of our audio legacy and to underscore our responsibility to assure the long-term preservation of that legacy so that it may be appreciated and studied by generations to come. The creation of the registry is one part of the legislation that charges the Library of Congress with developing a comprehensive national recording preservation program, the very first of its kind. Acknowledging the inception of this significant responsibility, many of my first selections for the recording registry recognize important firsts in the history of recording in America: technical, musical, and cultural achievements."
In the 1930s recording pioneer Frederick C. Packard in collaboration with Harvard's Poetry Room, the Harvard Film Service, and the Department of English launched the Harvard Vocarium label and began producing audio recordings of authors reading their own works. First to record was T.S. Eliot reading "Gerontion" and "The Hollow Men." The collection, which was to be used for the "appreciation of literature," grew to include unique recording of dozens of poets and writers including Tennessee Williams, W.H. Auden, Robinson Jeffers, Marianne Moore, Archibald MacLeish, Theodore Roethke, Muriel Rukyser, and Robert Lowell and is in continuous use by students and researchers.
Nobel Laureate, Seamus Heaney, supporting the need to preserve the Harvard Vocarium recordings wrote, "The Harvard collection is indispensable: it contains not only the voices-from different times of their lives-of the greatest poets of the last century ... but constitutes a living history of modern poetry ..."
William P. Stoneman, Florence Fearrington Librarian of Houghton Library, noted, "The Harvard Vocarium poetry recordings are an important resource in our study of modern American poetry and we are pleased that they have been recognized in the first annual selection of the National Recording Registry by the Library of Congress. The George Edward Woodberry Poetry Room has almost 60 years of similar recordings and we recognize our obligation to preserve them for scholarly research and to provide access to them for inspiration and enjoyment. We must also remember that these recordings of poets reading their work are a part of Harvard University's larger collection of audio and video materials that record our national achievements in theatre, music, and the history of arts and the sciences."
Other inaugural selections to the National Recording Registry include the first recording of Sousa's "The Stars and Stripes Forever," Scott Joplin's piano roll rags, FDR's "Fireside Chats," the crash of the Hindenberg, Bing Crosby singing "White Christmas," Elvis Presley, Enrico Caruso, Gershwin, "Casey at the Bat," Bessie Smith, Woodie Guthrie, Abbott and Costello's "Who's on First," Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream," and Kate Smith's "God Bless America," Bob Dylan and Aretha Franklin. Bela Bartok, Igor Stravinsky, Tito Puente, Les Paul and Mary Ford, Orson Welles' "War of the Worlds," Billie Holiday, Duke Ellington, and rapster Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five.
Donald Share, Curator of the George Edward Woodberry Poetry Room, noted, "We are now in the process of gathering together all of the amazing artifacts of the Vocarium legacy: the extremely rare test pressings and outtakes, the correspondence between the writers Packard recorded and the Poetry Room, and even the original metal stampers for producing the disks. By assembling all of this material, we hope to be able to produce the best possible versions of the recordings. In addition, we bring to light items which have never before been accessible!"
This story appears courtesy of the Harvard College Library Communications Office
Copyright © 2004 President and Fellows of Harvard College
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis. It is also known as:
OA is a disease of aging. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC),, OA affects more than 25 million men and women over the age of 25 in the United States. That is almost 14 percent of all adults. It is even more common in the elderly. More than one-third of adults over the age of 65 suffer from OA.
OA is a leading cause of disability in adult Americans.
Men and women of any age can develop OA. However, the demographics of OA change with age. According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, before the age of 45, OA is more common in men. After 45, it is more common in women.
Other risk factors for OA include:
OA is caused by a breakdown in the cartilage that covers the joints. The protective tissue is damaged by age and repeated motion. This increases the friction as the bones of the joint rub against each other. It can also cause damage to the bone.
The most common symptoms of OA are pain and stiffness. OA can occur in any joint. However, the most commonly affected joints are in the:
OA is different than rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is an autoimmune disorder. The body’s immune system attacks joint tissue. This leads to swelling and pain.
Cartilage is a tough but rubbery substance covering the end of bones. It protects joints and allows bones to move easily against each other. OA occurs when your cartilage begins to degrade. The degeneration exposes the bones of the joint. Bone-on-bone contact can cause extreme pain. The loss of cartilage may also affect the shape of the joint. This may keep it from functioning smoothly.
OA varies in severity. Some people may have evidence of OA during testing without any symptoms. Other people may develop severe pain and stiffness.
According to the CDC, up to 80 percent of people with OA have some change in their mobility. One-quarter cannot perform some activities related to daily life. These include problems:
In rare cases, damage from spinal OA can affect the function of your bowels and bladder. Spinal OA can also cause tingling or weakness in the arms and legs.
OA is a slow-developing disease. It is a silent disorder that can be difficult to diagnose until it begins to cause painful or debilitating symptoms. Early OA is usually only diagnosed after an accident or other incident that results in a fracture requiring an X-ray.
Over time, OA can cause:
Treatment varies from individual to individual. Many people can get symptom relief with options such as:
Other people may require surgical treatment. Surgery may involve anything from cleaning up damaged joint tissue to joint replacement.
Written by: David Heitz
Published on: Aug 13, 2014
Medically reviewed on: Aug 13, 2014: [Ljava.lang.Object;@4c5b683a
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Playing to your audience
Playing To Your Audience - A Lesson From An Enterprising English Busker — SidSavara.com
We couldn’t believe it. Surely he knew the lyrics? While it is possible he didn’t, the quality of his singing, guitar playing and unmistakably being in England all suggested our busker should be familiar with the song. If he knew the full song, why not play it all the way through - why repeat the verse?
Thought Bubble Light Bulb CartoonThe answer I believe is this: Playing the first verse over and over again was more profitable than playing the full song.
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ASSIKINACK (Assiginack), FRANCIS, public servant and school teacher; b. 1824 on Manitoulin Island, Upper Canada, son of Jean-Baptiste Assiginack and his second wife, Theresa Catherine Kebeshkamokwe; d. 3 Nov. 1863 at Manitowaning, Manitoulin Island.
Jean-Baptiste Assiginack was for a long time prominent in the Ottawa band on Manitoulin Island, acting as a bridge between his people and the officials of the Indian Department. Jean-Baptiste’s close relations with whites were reflected in his decision to send his son, Francis, a young man of some promise, to Upper Canada College in Toronto. In 1848, his education at the college complete, Francis asked the Indian Department for support to study medicine in France; his request was denied. The young Ottawa next proposed he be allowed to study medicine in Canada; this request too was denied, on the grounds that the Indians, whose funds would be used, would not receive benefits proportionate to the cost of such a project. In June 1849 the civil secretary, Thomas Edmund Campbell*, offered Francis the post of clerk and interpreter to Thomas Gummersall Anderson*, superintendent of the Indian Department in Toronto, at a salary of £100 per year, suggesting it was time he showed some results for all his education. When the young Ottawa replied that he wished to stay in school, Campbell brusquely urged him to take the departmental job. Assikinack was not happy as a clerk. Anderson commented that while he was of good disposition he did not seem to be well qualified for the post. When the school at the Roman Catholic settlement of Wikwemikong on Manitoulin Island asked for a master in 1850, the governor general, Lord Elgin [Bruce], suggested that Assikinack, himself a Catholic, take the position, for he could be of great value to his people in disseminating the knowledge he had acquired partly at public expense. After one year as clerk Francis Assikinack left Toronto.
His father, recently retired, was living on Manitoulin Island, but nearness to his family did not make the young man happy as a schoolmaster. After three and a half years of frustration his temper broke. It was against Frederick O’Meara*, the strong-minded Church of England missionary at Manitowaning, that Assikinack directed his hostility, damaging some of the missionary’s property and swearing at him. As a consequence of this uproar Assikinack was reposted to work under Anderson in the Indian Department at Toronto as chief clerk in 1854. Assikinack had been present as interpreter at Owen Sound in 1851 when lands along the Saugeen River were surrendered by Indians, and in the years following 1854 he frequently participated in treaty negotiations, such as that of Manitoulin Island in 1862. He retained the position of chief clerk in Toronto until September 1863 when he became seriously ill with consumption; he returned that month to Manitoulin Island to die before the end of the year.
The careers of the Assikinacks, father and son, indicate that the conduct of Indian-white relations would never run as smoothly as hoped by certain humanitarian reformers. The educational process favoured by whites might seem to succeed in its goals, as in Francis’ case, but the dispensers of it could not assume that it would produce an individual who was quite content to return to his own people in a preordained role. That the 19th century failed to perceive this possibility was tragic.
[Francis Assikinack wrote three essays for the Canadian Journal at the request of Daniel Wilson* while he was chief clerk for the Indian Department in the office of the central Indian superintendent. The first, “Legends and traditions of the Odahwah Indians,” new ser., iii (1858), 115–25, presented some legends and discussed symbolism and mythology. It is valuable mainly for the background note on Assikinack provided by the editor. The second essay, “Social and warlike customs of the Odahwah Indians,” new ser., iii (1858), 297–309, described such matters as methods of child discipline, tribal secret societies, and customs of war and treatment of prisoners. “The Odahwah Indian language,” new ser., iii (1858), 481–85, dealt with semantics and linguistic development of the Ottawa language. The three papers demonstrated Assikinack’s direct style and his desire to reconcile, where possible, the traditions of his Indian background with those of his Christian faith. d.l.]
MTCL, Samuel Peters Jarvis papers, vols.B58–B60. PAC, RG 10, vols.118, 129–39, 511–12, 532–35, 572–74. Canada, Indian treaties and surrenders [from 1680 to 1906] (3v., Ottawa, 1891–1912; repr. Toronto, 1971). The roll of pupils of Upper Canada College, Toronto, January, 1830, to June, 1916, ed. A. H. Young (Kingston, Ont., 1917). H. G. Tucker, “A warrior of the Odahwahs,” OH, XVIII (1920), 32–36.
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LANGEVIN, ANTOINE, Roman Catholic priest and vicar general; b. 7 Feb. 1802 in Beauport, Lower Canada, son of Antoine Langevin, a day-labourer, and Catherine Leclaire; d. 11 April 1857 in Saint-Basile, N.B.
Antoine Langevin entered the Séminaire de Nicolet in 1826. Four years later he was appointed prefect of studies, a post he held until 1833; he probably undertook studies in theology at the same time. On 29 Sept. 1833 he was ordained priest at Quebec, and shortly after he was appointed curate at Nicolet.
In 1835 Langevin became parish priest of Saint-Basile, in the Madawaska region of New Brunswick. This parish, founded in 1792, was the only one then established canonically in Madawaska. By the time Langevin came it boasted a chapel, sacristy, and presbytery in good condition. In addition he looked after two chapels, one at Saint-Bruno (Van Buren, Maine), 15 miles downstream from Saint-Basile, and the other at Sainte-Luce (St Luce Station, Maine), at the same distance upstream. Although the Madawaska mission, extending 70 miles along the Saint John River, was part of the diocese of Charlottetown (established in 1829), the bishop, Angus Bernard MacEachern*, had left various administrative powers to the archbishop of Quebec. Thus it fell to Archbishop Joseph Signay* to appoint the French Canadian priests responsible for ministering to a population that by 1830 had risen to 2,612 settlers of Acadian and French Canadian origin. Langevin had to adapt to a rather primitive existence which none the less offered some compensations. As his predecessor, François-Xavier-Romuald Mercier, noted in 1834, “If the missionary at Madawaska has the misfortune to be isolated, he has on the other hand the joy of having a large number of virtuous settlers who love their religion and practise it faithfully.”
In 1838 Langevin was appointed vicar general of the Madawaska mission by Bernard Donald Macdonald, the new bishop of Charlottetown, in the course of a pastoral visit to New Brunswick. During his 22 years at Saint-Basile, Langevin was remarkably successful. He worked zealously and unremittingly in a number of spheres. His correspondence with Signay shows that, despite his energy and devotion to his widely scattered flock, he could not cope with the amount of work. Many of the faithful had to be satisfied with eight or nine visits annually from their parish priest, since more frequent visits could not be managed, given the distances and primitive means of transportation involved. Langevin repeatedly asked Signay to create other parishes with a resident priest. Thanks to his persistent requests, the parishes of Saint-Bruno and Sainte-Luce were founded in 1838 and 1843 respectively.
The Malecites of the region were also the object of Langevin’s pastoral concern. He used his good relations with the lieutenant governor of New Brunswick, Sir John Harvey, to obtain an annual sum of £50 from the government so that he could secure the help of a priest for his ministry at the Tobique Indian Reserve and at Saint-Bruno, where there were a number of Malecite families.
Langevin was reputed to be a good administrator. He made judicious use of the fabrique’s lands and of some properties in the region owned by the archbishop, renting them to farmers or cultivating them to make them profitable for their owners. During his years there the settlement of the Madawaska region made considerable progress. The population increased noticeably and the area prospered. Hence Langevin was able to replace the old presbytery with a new one of impressive size, and he started construction of a new church, which was still unfinished at the end of his life. He seems to have had enough money himself to lend funds at interest to various local people. From 1839 until his death he lent substantial sums (amounting to at least £1,700) to the Collège de Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière.
In the field of education Langevin stood out as a leader. He encouraged the setting up of primary schools and bolstered the dedication of itinerant teachers. But his zeal was especially evident in the assistance he gave to the young men of the Madawaska area to enable them to pursue their studies at college, particularly at the Collège de Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière. From 1839 Langevin, with Signay’s permission, used the income from the lands belonging to the archbishop to pay the students’ board, “in the hope of making ecclesiastics of them for this poor diocese . . . which needs them so badly.” Part of his own income was put to the same purpose. Between 1855 and 1857 he gave the college donations totalling £2,000 for bursaries that are still offered. The college inherited his estate, estimated to be worth £3,079.
The vicar general’s influence and action also extended to the political sphere. He maintained good relations with the authorities in New Brunswick, especially with Harvey, the lieutenant governor, who was Langevin’s guest at the time of his visit to the Madawaska region during the quarrel between Maine and New Brunswick over the border between them. Langevin was an ardent defender of all things British, and it may have been because of his control over his parishioners that they remained quiet during the conflict. He continued to minister to the parishes which found themselves on the American side of the border when the Webster–Ashburton Treaty was concluded in 1842 [see James Bucknall Bucknall Estcourt]. Harvey wrote concerning Langevin: “The Madawaska region and the entire province of New Brunswick were fortunate in having such an enlightened guide in such a critical period of their history.”
Although Langevin was generally esteemed during his years at Saint-Basile, his authoritarian, domineering, and sometimes uncompromising character occasionally aroused the displeasure, and even the hostility, of some parishioners. In 1849, for example, 44 of them signed a petition to Signay complaining about the conflicts between Langevin and the fabrique over control of parish funds, and stressing that they no longer had confidence in “a man whose daily conduct only tends to tyranny, and who takes pleasure in calling [us] morons and ranking [us] with brute beasts, whenever the opportunity arises.” On the other hand, nine of the region’s leading citizens wrote to Signay some months later that they were “perfectly satisfied” with their parish priest’s behaviour.
These conflicts darkened the last years of Antoine Langevin’s ministry. “A man with superior administrative ability,” of “indomitable energy, unflagging perseverance, [and] an authoritarian character,” to quote the Reverend Thomas Albert, the historian of Madawaska, Langevin stood out as one of the region’s great benefactors and as a zealous priest who generously helped Madawaskans to weather one of the most difficult periods of their history. He died prematurely in his parish on 11 April 1857, and was buried on 20 April in the church of Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière (La Pocatière).
[The author wishes to thank Mgr Ernest Lang of Edmundston, N.B., for information on Antoine Langevin. g.r.m.]
AAQ, 311 CN, IV: 122–24, 127–34, 137–38, 140–42, 147–48, 150–54, 163; 60 CN, II: 88. ANQ-Q, CE1-5, 7 févr. 1802; CE3-12, 20 avril 1857; CN2-30, 29 mars 1841; 29 juill. 1842; 12, 21 mai 1852; 6 déc. 1856; 10 mai 1857. Allaire, Dictionnaire, 1: 302. Tanguay, Répertoire (1893), 214. Thomas Albert, Histoire du Madawaska d’après les recherches historiques de Patrick Therriault et les notes manuscrites de Prudent L. Mercure (Québec, 1920). H. G. Classen, Thrust and counterthrust: the genesis of the Canada–United States boundary (Don Mills [Toronto], 1965). Douville, Hist. du collège-séminaire de Nicolet. Wilfrid Lebon, Histoire du collège de Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière (2v., Québec, 1948–49). Roger Paradis, “La bourse Langevin: une page de l’éducation des Acadiens au Madawaska,” Soc. hist. acadienne, Cahiers (Moncton, N.-B.), 7 (1976): 118–30. “Une grande et noble figure de l’histoire du Madawaska, le grand vicaire Langevin, 1835–1857,” Le Brayon (Edmundston), 3 (1975), no.2: 16–19.
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- Sir John A. Macdonald
- The Private Man
- The Making of a Pragmatic Conservative
- The British Connection
- The American Civil War and Lessons Learned
- Macdonald and Confederation
- Western Expansion, Religion, and Politics
- The National Policy
- Macdonald and Natives
- The Conservative Hold on Power
- Macdonald in History
Immigration and Settlement
The National Policy’s contribution to the opening of western Canada made increased immigration a political imperative. The Canadian Pacific Railway made the new territories more easily accessible and their settlement became a priority if Canada was to develop a more self-sufficient economy.
Initially, settlers from Ontario and Quebec made the western trek. But the industrial development of the 1880s increased the need for labourers. There was only one other source – immigrants. Sir John A. MACDONALD, an immigrant himself, knew what he wanted:
“[Macdonald] envisaged a Canada with one government and, as nearly as possible, one homogenous population sharing common institutions and characteristics.”
David Lewis MACPHERSON, who became Macdonald’s minister of the interior, believed that colonization could be handled by private enterprise:
“With Macdonald, Macpherson implemented a series of land policies between 1881 and 1883 that were intended to complement the government’s overall aim of developing a transcontinental Canadian economy. Attempts were made to encourage settlement by liberalizing various regulations for homesteading and by making the attractive land near the proposed route of the Canadian Pacific Railway available for settlement. Macpherson hoped to delegate part of the responsibility for the promotion of settlement to private enterprise. The formation of private colonization companies was supported by the government’s offer to them of tracts of land at $2 per acre, with a promise of a rebate of $160 for every bona fide settler placed. The companies were expected to pay one-fifth of the total cost as a down payment, and to place two settlers in each section on their tracts within five years.”
Patrick Gammie LAURIE, the owner and editor of the Saskatchewan Herald, criticized the colonization scheme:
“Although Laurie wanted speedy development, he disagreed with the colonization scheme instituted by the Conservative government in 1881 [see Sir David Lewis
Great Britain supplied the majority of immigrants during Macdonald’s tenure, but later Russians, Chinese, and Scandinavians also settled the west. Homesteading offered an opportunity for eastern and central Europeans to escape the restrictive structures of their countries. A group of Russian Jews, including Abraham KLENMAN, settled first in Quebec before pursuing the agrarian lifestyle they were denied in Russia:
“Barred from owning land in Russia because he was a Jew, and believing that a return to the land was necessary for the Jews to become regenerated as a people, Klenman aspired to move to western Canada and settle on one of the quarter-section homesteads being offered by the Canadian government for a registration fee of ten dollars.
“In Montreal, Klenman investigated and promoted the idea of an agricultural colony in western Canada to consist of a number of immigrant Jewish families, and he selected some of the settlers… In the fall of 1888 Klenman and another Jewish immigrant, Jacob Silver, were chosen to seek suitable land. Assisted by Lauchlan Alexander Hamilton, land commissioner of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company in Winnipeg, Klenman and Silver travelled to various localities. Eventually they decided to settle in the aspen parkland belt, in order to utilize the trees for buildings and fuel, and to take advantage of a water-table that was near the surface, not at considerable depth as on the plains. They learned that the John and Rachel Heppner family and some other Russian Jews, supported by Anglo-Jewish philanthropist Hermann Landau, in 1886 had located in the fast-growing area a few miles northeast of Wapella, a village on the CPR main line. The first Jewish farming colony in western Canada, New Jerusalem, which had been founded in 1884, was some 30 miles southeast.”
Macpherson’s efforts to settle the North-West Territories were undone by his own poor planning as well as by economic forces beyond the Canadian government’s control:
“By 1885 Macpherson’s plans for the development of the northwest were in shambles. In part, he simply had the misfortune of being minister during a slump in world grain prices and at a time when advances in farming methods had made land in the western United States far more attractive.”
During the 1880s the population of western Canada doubled. But it would be Macdonald’s opponent in the 1891 election, Wilfrid LAURIER, who would oversee the development of much of Canada’s new land [see Settlement of the West].
For more information on immigration and settlement while Macdonald was prime minister, please consult the following biographies.
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Simply stated, BIOPHARMA covers all current, near-term upcoming, recently denied or withdrawn and other human biopharmaceutical products products in the U.S. and European markets. 'Biopharmaceuticals" refers to pharmaceuticals (medicinal products) manufactured by biotechnology methods/processes (generally involving live biological components/organisms; bioprocessing).
Coverage includes all biotechnology-derived products currently or recently approved by FDA or in Europe (EU or European countries) for therapeutic indications or used in vivo, e.g., radiolabeled monoclonal antibody radiodiagnostics. This includes all microorganism and animal cell and tissue-derived proteins, vaccines, blood products, antibodies, enzymes, cytokines, radioimmune conjugates and certain engineered tissue grafts/implants.
Products are included irrespective of whether they involve old (e.g., fermentation) or new (e.g., recombinant DNA, monoclonal antibody) biotechnologies. Note, coverage includes vaccines and blood products, often not considered as biopharmaceuticals by others who restrict their use of the term to recombinant proteins and monoclonal antibody-based products.
Coverage includes biopharmaceuticals irrespective of their regulation as biologics, drugs, or medical devices. Most of the products covered are biologics. Products regulated as drugs (e.g., recombinant versions of certain hormones, enzymes and natural products) and medical devices (e.g., recombinant sutures) are also included.
Various borderline biopharmaceuticals are also included, e.g., antisense oligonucleotides. Coverage does not include products generally considered to be (and often regulated as) drugs/chemical substances, such as antibiotics (although most are produced by biotechnology methods), botanicals, and other natural products.
Interested in problems and issues involved in how to define "biopharmaceutical?" See the author's article, "(Re)Defining Biopharmaceutical" published in Nature Biotechnology and his two-part series of articles, "What is a Biopharmaceutical?," Part 1: (Bio)Technology-Based Definitions and Part 2: Company and Industry Definitions, and other information at the U.S. BIOPHARMACOPEIA Registry of Biopharmaceutical Products Web site].
Please inform us of any products that should be in the database.
Monographs include all on-hand publishable information, placed within fields/sections for the sake of ease of presentation and understanding. Every product monograph is handled independently, with no forcing of division of complex, intricately-related information into fields/sections. Thus, various types of information may be found in other fields/sections (e.g., some biological activity information may be discussed in the Description). The length of sections and product monographs varies greatly.
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There are two types of 529 plans—college savings plans and prepaid tuition plans. Both offer tax-advantages for families saving for college (their name comes from the section of federal tax code that governs them). Every state offers at least one of these types of plans. Some states offer both, and a consortium of private colleges also offers a prepaid tuition plan.
With college savings plans, students of all ages can save for all college costs, including tuition, fees, room, board, textbooks and computers.
Not Just for Children
If you are considering going back to college or graduate school, you can open a college savings plan for yourself. You will save on taxes, and if you end up not going to school, you can always transfer the money, tax-free, to another 529 plan for your children or spouse.
Not Limited to In-State Public Colleges or State Residents
Withdrawals from college savings plans can be used at most colleges and universities throughout the country, including graduate schools. Some overseas educational institutions also may be eligible. Many states now offer at least one college savings plan that has no residency restrictions. You can live in Ohio, contribute to a plan in Maine, and send your child to college in California. However, if your state offers state tax advantages to residents who participate in the local plan, you’ll miss out if you choose another state’s 529 plan.
Covered Education Expenses
College savings plans typically cover all “qualified education expenses” at eligible colleges, universities and other post-secondary institutions, including:
Books and supplies
Equipment required by school
Room and board
When you invest in a college savings plan, you pay money into an investment account on behalf of a designated beneficiary. Contributions can vary and are only limited by the maximum and minimum contributions limits set by most plans. Maximum contribution amounts differ from state to state, but the majority of states offering college savings plans allow contributions of $200,000 or more.
To further increase the amount of contributions you can make, you can open a second college savings plan in another state. Currently, the IRS only requires that contributions for one child cannot be more than the amount necessary for the qualified higher education expenses of that child. So if you want your child to go to an expensive college and graduate school, one option you have is to open more than one college savings plan.
Most states also offer very flexible minimum contribution limits. Many require a $250 initial contribution with subsequent contributions of as little as $50. These minimum contribution amounts can be reduced even further in many states if you make contributions through payroll deductions or automatic transfers from a bank account.
Plans typically give you a number of investment options that allow you to invest in various mutual fund and exchange-traded fund portfolios. Some college savings plans offer age-based fund portfolios that seek higher returns when the child is younger—and you potentially have more time to ride out short-term market fluctuations. As the child grows older, the investment objective usually shifts more toward preserving the money you saved while keeping up with inflation.
Many states also offer non-age-based investment options, allowing you to select portfolios with “conservative,” “moderate” and “aggressive” asset allocations. Some states also offer investment options that allow you to invest in certificates of deposits whose interest rates are linked to an index that measures the average cost of college tuition.
The IRS allows you to change your college savings plan investment options once per calendar year, and when you change the designated beneficiary.
Investing in college savings plans comes with some risk. Unlike prepaid tuition plans, they don’t lock in tuition prices. Nor does the state back or guarantee the investments. There also is the risk with most college savings plan investment options that you may lose money or your investment may not grow enough to pay for college.
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Most homes are in need of renovations and constant upgrades and repairs. Degradation and damager are ever present factors that need to be addressed well before the structure falls apart. The most livable spaces are those which are constantly maintained to be comfortable and convenient for any of its occupants.
The great ways that homes can be redone is based on modern state of the art services. These use great materials and equipment and are done by highly trained and competent personnel. The Home Remodeling in Lake Forest is something that will be sought after for those homeowners who decide it is time to have some good services done in this regard.
Usually, it takes a good home building outfit to do excellent jobs for the consumers here. Because the services in question are usually those which require an outfit to replace original structures and installations. The thing is that they are also partial constructions that have the same parameters as formal construction except that they are done only for certain parts of a house.
There are ways that a house becomes a good place to live and usually remodeling is one important item here. Because the fact is that it has to be constantly worked on owing to the fact of their constant use. Roofs, for instance are subject to the worst weather factors but are there precisely to help occupants.
They protect the interiors of homes in such a way that preserves the goods, materials and items there. They also provide protection to folks who live in the interiors. And while they can sustain damage every day, they are built to last for some years, and when they finally need remodeling, it will be something that should be more extensive.
Remodeling is not a simple repair, and this can easily be handled by quick fix experts or handymen. The trades have differentiated in such a way that certain levels of repair or remodel considerations are answered by the proper system and personnel. Remodeling is complex enough to require tearing down damaged parts and recreating an entire part of a house.
While it is complex, the home building outfits that provide work for this concern will know how to do the job quickly. This provides less hassle or worries for families who may have no other place to stay when the job is ongoing. The parameters are studied and ways are found to do the job without adding to the confusion or inconvenience to the occupants.
This means that a job can have a staggered schedule, depending on which part of the house is being addressed. But then, the remodel can be for the entire structure, in which case a family should be prepared with temporary lodgings when the project is active. This enables folks to have the work done quickly and the inconvenience can be made more bearable with amazing results.
The reasons for remodeling may include the need of getting the home better placed in the properties market. This is one good way to prepare homes for sale, since the remodel will certainly improve both the appearance and the basic qualities of a structure. The assessments for a property transaction can tell whether a remodel is haphazard or DIY or done professionally and, depending on what kind of job has been done, can negatively affect the outcome of the assessment.
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Daily Beast Special Correspondent Michael Daly urged Americans to boycott Cuba until they extradite Joanne Chesimard, who killed a police officer during her time in the Black Panthers and then escaped from prison and has been hiding out in Cuba while on the US government’s Most Wanted Terrorists List on CNN on Saturday.
Daly said that there was “zero” chance Chesimard will be extradited to the US, “I mean, by the Americans taking the step that they took, I mean, how are we going to force Cuba to give up Joanne Chesimard unless there’s some deal we don’t know about. unless there’s some understanding that we don’t know about. But Castro’s kind of got what he wants.”
Although he said that it was “possible” there would be improved relations that could lead to her extradition at some time, but said that he believes Americans should boycott the island until she is extradited
Follow Ian Hanchett on Twitter @IanHanchett
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Susan Schaedler, IEO Vinod Thomas, World Bank IEG Jo-Marie Griesgraber, New Rules on Global Finance Mr. T Bayoumi, IMF Moderator: Hector Torres, WTO
Susan Schaedler – presnted the findings of the IEO report. For more detail see the IEO website for the report.
- This concurs with IEG finding on trade policy at the World Bank (ref IEG report on trade policy from 1987-2000); need for coplimentary policies to benefit from tariff changes, trade opportunities
- The distance to the technological frontier matters for the impact of liberalisation and competition policy
- there are different gains and losses in different segments of the household sector, this needs to be considered
- Greater trade openness meant larger impact from financial crisis, but also faster recovery
- IMF mandate is to expand trade, that is why it was set up in 1944
- Countries with more controls on financial services weathered the crisis better
- On the IEO report specifically:
- Welcome that it recognises the IMF’s bias in favour of unilateral liberalisation; that the IMF board has political favourites; that the IMF claims to learn from mistakes; and that the board fails to provide direction
- negative critique – trade theory is accepted as broadly accurate when it is not; we need a candid assessment of trade theory; we need stronger recommendations; IEo failed to look sat whether the IMF staff references UNCTAD work on trade
- Need to set up some way to deal with the IMF’s bad advice; elements of the IMF’s research agenda need to change.
- Acknowledge failure to analyse preferrential trade agreements (PTAs) and trade in financial services – but also IMF reports trying to be more focussed and less box-ticking exercises
- New guidance notes have been produced PTA analysis – but issues are very complex, difficult to know the impacts
- We accepted the conventional wisdom that rich countries had the right models of financial services regulation – we are rethinking this
- It is very hard to be “evenhanded” and to tailor advice to country circumstances
- staff doubts about increasing capacity on trade policy analysis – maybe not the best use of limited resources of IMF
Questioner – We need to sya more about the lowering of trade barriers and subsidies that the IMF forced on LICs
Torres – the problem is not trade theory, it is the assumptions, plus dont reflect true costs
Schaedler – we accepted that trade openness is good because it is near consensus in economics; IMF did great analysis on the problem of US agriculture subsidies in 2002 but completely failed to look at the 2007 US farm bill
Bayoumi – IMF has been quite straightforward on the negative impact of agricultural subsidies in the North, see WEO
Thomas – liberalisation must go with good regulation, not zero regulation; lso the path to liberalisation is very important
Questioner – What are the prospects for better advice and objective guidance on trade in financial services when a large portion of the IMF board comes from countries that are financial services exporters?
Schaedler – this is the exact problem, 05-06 board guidance on financial services was implicitly pro-liberalisation with no reservations; scope for change now, there can’t be total amnesia
Bayoumi – our advice will change, especially as Basle Committee on Banking Supervision is also changing risk weights; don’t yet know the exact outcome
Griesgraber – it all comes down to governance, this is why governance must be fixed
Torres – the IMF will change for exmaple changes on the opinion of what central banks’ roles are; but governance needs to change as well
Questioner – G20 isnt really tackling the reality of the crisis, it is not bonuses; they are trying to return to the position before the crisis, this will only lay the groundwork for a new crisis
Questioner – We have to also consider the imbalance of the IMF’s influence
Questioner – What kind of IMF governance do we want to see?
Schaedler – the IEO recommends not to have any conditionality on trade policy
Griesgraber – For recommendation on governance see the report of the civil society “fourth pillar” on IMF governance
Bayoumi – The rise of the G20 is a big improvement over setting policy at the G7
Torres – governance is a big problem and it is slowly moving in the right direction; we also have to address protectist threat; we can’t wait for the IMF to solve its governance problems, but have to work on WTO as well; someone has to promote policy coherence.
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Finmeccanica has been present for some time in India, especially in the transport sector for which significant investments for metro lines and railways are planned. Energy is another challenge to be overcome for sustainable growth.
Among developing countries, India is one of the most favored by foreign businessmen: along with the advantage of having qualified, low-cost manpower (with a widespread knowledge of English), there is also a solid institutional-bureaucratic system that favors investments and the presence of a solid banking and finance structure.
Unlike China,... Read More
And that is a tall order in a land that has virtually no sweet water, and is already facing strong water stress!
Qatar went from a poor pearl-fishing country to one of the most ground-breaking economies in the world, in less than half a century. The small peninsula harnessed its gigantic natural resources as the main motor of its development. Today, Qatar is negotiating a delicate turn between phase 1 and phase 2 : going from a booming, yet single-sourced economy, to a more diversified, long-lasting and developed one.
The consequences of such a transition should not be underestimated.... Read More
"We will soon see roll-up cell phones and laptop computers on the market," says Professor Xiaodong Li of the University of South Carolina. Li in a published report in the journal Advanced Materials shows that the "once-cotton T-shirt" can be used as a repository for electricity.
Li used small cotton swatches to show that the fabric acts as a capacitor. Capacitors have the ability to store electrical charge. The "activated carbon textile," the name Li calls his work in the study, acts more like double-layer capacitors -- which are also called a supercapacitors because they can... Read More
Unemployment. Austerity. War. Terrorism. Climate Change. The world needs superheroes now more than ever. Along comes Marvel's "The Avengers" to rave reviews and boffo box office. In tough times, movie audiences crave escapist entertainment and larger than life superheroes, which could help explain why "The Avengers" set a box office record for the biggest opening weekend ever in North America, tied for the fastest film to reach $1 billion and is currently the third highest grossing film of all time with a worldwide haul of nearly $1.4 billion.That's a lot of people that are absorbing the film's... Read More
Solyndra was never about the facts. It was never meant to be. House Republicans put on a cynical show trial to attack the Obama Administration’s clean energy policies. They dragged Nobel Prize-winning physicist and Department of Energy Secretary Steven Chu to Capitol Hill in order to brow beat one of the most respected scientists in the world over the DOE Loan Guarantee Program.
Sadly, Republicans might have committed serious damage to American competitiveness in the global clean energy race. The United States is attempting to compete with China, Germany, Brazil and other nations whose... Read More
Staffetta Quotidiana and Fondazione Energia awarded Flavio Cattaneo, Terna’s CEO, the recognition of Man of the Year, a prize that since 1992 has been assigned to those who during the course of the year have distinguished themselves in the energy sector.
"Terna, headed by Flavio Cattaneo, was at the center of the Italian energy and electricity sector’s transformation during 2011, a year of radical changes, and more than any other operator, had the merit of drawing attention to the problem, raising questions that await to be faced and resolved. Cattaneo also presented the essential... Read More
Last Sunday 12,000 demonstrators from all walks of life formed a human chain around the White House to call on President Obama to reject the proposed Keystone XL tar sands oil pipeline. Today, in a major victory for pipeline opponents the State Department ordered a new route, effectively killing the controversial project, according to a TransCanada spokesperson who told the National Journal it would die "because the new route would require a new Environmental Impact Statement and a public review that would take months, if not years."
Demonstrators at the Lafayette Square rally and encircle... Read More
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seems to really smart technology, wait for implement.. usleatherfirm
Everyone is aware about climate change and greenhouse effects. So, many investor see renewable energy as the solution.
There are numerous LED Manfactureres who ensure smooth operation of LED Perimeter and other LED Lighting systesm.
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We all love chocolates. It is the most desirable confectionery food piece. From children to aged person, all are fond of chocolates. It is the most pleasurable treat that one can have. Whether you prefer gooey dark chocolate or a hot chocolate, it is the preferred luxury for most of us.
The Latin meaning of cocoa tree is ‘food of the gods’. It seems that the fruit of the tree, chocolate, is a delicious food item and fit for all. Chocolates have a long history and different structures with different flavor, texture, taste. There is a huge way to set a trend mark by sending chocolates online to friends and families on their special day. Chocolate is a famous and fabulous gift item. But there are some myths which prevent people to send those as a gift.
Lets see some of the myths about chocolates
# 1) Chocolate Gifts Are Not Attractive
Who says chocolates are not attractive! You can see elusive chocolate gifts with various designs which you can gift to anyone. In fact, chocolate manufactures appoint special designers and professional. They design their chocolate hampers to make them look fine and attractive.
# 2) Chocolates Are Only For Kids
This is a huge myth prevails in people mind that chocolates are for kids only. There are chocolates of certain nutritional benefits. It enhance craze among many young stars and aged person.
# 3) Chocolate Gifts Are Cheaper
Yes it is true that you can buy chocolate with less money. But these days the price of chocolates is so high. You have to spend few thousands or dollar to buy a delicate chocolate gift pack. It consists of very expensive ingredients and materials. Like gold and diamond which they use to decorate them and make them unique. So, the chocolates are cheaper, is a myth. Instead, avail chocolate delivery UK gives us faith on online premium quality chocolate delivery, which would make you stand alone from the rest.
# 4) Chocolate is Bad For Cholesterol
Have you given up chocolates for lowering bad cholesterol? Then we must say that you are sacrificing this sweet treat for nothing. Chocolate contains cocoa butter, which is high in saturated fat. This fat comes from stearic acid and it doesn’t act like saturated fat. Researchers have found from certain tests that chocolate does not raise bad cholesterol. Eating chocolate bar instead of a carbohydrate rich snack will increase your HDL which helps to controlling cholesterol levels.
# 5) Chocolate Is Less Valuable Than Other Gifts
Another misconception is that chocolates are less valuable than other gifts. It depends on what kind of chocolate you are presenting. If you gift gorgeous chocolate gifts UK pack from a known brand than nobody will say that your gift is less valuable than other expensive gifts.
You May Like : Best Chocolate Gift ideas for Your Chocoholic Friends
# 6) Chocolate Causes Weight Gain
Any food can be healthy for our body, if we can consume it in a moderate way. A chocolate bar contains 220 calories. If we can drop any high calorie diet from our routine, then 220 calorie is a low part of a weight control chart. We can have a piece of chocolate weekly. It may reduce the risk of harsh.
# 7) Chocolates Are Only For Women
It is not sensible to think that men do not like chocolates. A lots of men are there those who love to indulge themselves in those delicate, luscious, flavored sweet items. Even lots of chocolate manufacturing companies are there those who make designed chocolates gift pack for men. Like Father’s day chocolates, Birthday chocolates, Anniversary special etc. So don't wary for giving chocolate gifts to him.
# 8) Chocolate Gift Can Be Spoil Your Image
If you think chocolate can spoil your image, then think again. These days you can get different designed and packaged chocolate gifts items. Those will show a graceful way to allure anyone. Also the mouth watering flavor will not only show your taste on choosing gift items, but they will praise you for sending such a luscious gift on their special day.
Chocolate is a sophisticated, charming gift item. It expresses your heartiest feeling for the loved ones. Use chocolates to make the society more vibrant. Thus, it is advisable to break the myth, understand the truth and use chocolate gifts to make the life more joyful. Do not stuck in the myths, bring smiles with the taste of chocolate.
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- 1858 – U.S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new transatlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. However, a weak signal forces a shutdown of the service in a few weeks.
- 1896 – Skookum Jim Mason, George Carmack and Dawson Charlie discover gold in a tributary of the Klondike River in Canada, setting off the Klondike Gold Rush.
- 1930 – The first color sound cartoon, called Fiddlesticks, is made by Ub Iwerks.
- 1989 – A solar flare from the Sun creates a geomagnetic storm that affects micro chips, leading to a halt of all trading on Toronto’s stock market.
The best Klondike Gold Rush movie is, in my opinion, Charlie Chaplin’s The Gold Rush. The first feature-length comedy by Charlie Chaplin which charts a hapless prospector’s search for fortune in the Klondike and his discovery of romance (with the beautiful Georgia Hale) — forever cemented the iconic status of Chaplin and his Little Tramp character. Shot partly on location in the Sierra Nevadas and featuring such timeless gags as Chaplin’s dance of the dinner rolls and meal of boiled shoe leather, The Gold Rush is an indelible work of nonstop hilarity. This special edition features both Chaplin’s definitive 1942 version, for which the director added new music and narration, and a new restoration of the original silent 1925 film.
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Target is doubling down on efforts to woo urban city dwellers.
Target CEO Brian Cornell and other top executives are traveling to major cities across the country to visit customers in their homes and learn more about how they shop, live, and consume.
"Not long ago, when you thought about that Target guest, you had this picture in mind," Target CEO Brian Cornell told the Minnesota Economic Club on Wednesday, according to St. Paul Pioneer Press. "It was that suburban housewife. She had a minivan. She was a soccer mom."
But that core shopper "has profoundly changed over the past couple of years," he said.
That's why Cornell and other executives are visiting the homes of young single women and Hispanic moms in various cities.
By focusing on urban markets, Target is going after a demographic that Walmart failed to capture with its smaller-format Walmart Express stores.
Walmart announced last week it would be closing all 102 of its Express stores. The urban-based stores, like Target's smaller-format stores, carry a mix of general merchandise and grocery items in a fraction of the square footage of a regular Walmart store.
The Walmart Express stores were ultimately unable to successfully compete with nearby dollar stores and other convenience stores.
"While we have learned a lot from this pilot, including a deeper understanding of the everyday needs of our customers, we have decided not to proceed with this offering," Walmart CEO Doug McMillon said in a release. "We feel we can better serve our customers by focusing on Supercenters and Neighborhood Markets and by investing in ecommerce and services like Pickup."
Target started opening smaller-format stores two years ago in more than a dozen cities across the US including Chicago, San Francisco, Boston, San Diego, and Minneapolis.
The company initially branded the smaller-format stores as Target Express and CityTarget, but has since renamed the stores "Target." The company said the name change wouldn't impact its growth strategy for the smaller stores.
"We’re committed as ever to our urban growth strategy, developing stores specially designed for densely populated areas," Target said in a blog post in August.
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Illustration of eighteenth-century blonde-haired colonist wearing a red hat on an orange background. Black text is curved across the top left and bottom of the button.
In 1821, John Cooper and Thomas Gould established a brewery in the Charlestown neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts. When William Van Nostrand acquired interest in 1860, he gradually expanded production and distribution. His son, Alonzo G. Van Nostrand, originated the “P.B. Ale” (Purest and Best) brand. In the 1890’s, Alonzo became the sole proprietor of the brewery, which was now known as the Bunker Hill Brewery. It operated until Prohibition. In addition to P.B. Ale, the brewery also manufactured; Boston Club Lager, Bunker Hill Lager, Old Musty Ale, Owl Musty and Van Nostrand's Porter.
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Tablets have become commonplace in today’s classrooms, even as early as preschool or kindergarten.
If used appropriately, these touchscreen devices can enhance instruction, according to a University of Georgia Cooperative Extension specialist.
“The fact that tablets are being incorporated into the curriculum more and more often can be a good thing for children’s learning, as long as they are used appropriately,” said Diane Bales, an associate professor in the UGA College of Family and Consumer Sciences and Extension Human Development Specialist.
“If tablets are used in appropriate ways to allow kids to work together on projects and share ideas, technology can enhance education.”
Bales pointed to benefits such as “virtual field trips” that students can take via tablets, or opportunities to “co-create” stories, artwork, videos and other projects with classmates using the devices.
Because of the easy-to-understand touchscreen prompts of the devices and their widespread use both at school and in homes, tablets are often popular with young children.
“They are logical: I touch this and something happens,” Bales said. “You’re seeing the connection between the action and the result, and the interface is so easy.”
Despite the advantages, it's critical that teachers and parents work to familiarize themselves with the devices and make good choices about how children use them, Bales said.
“Tablets can be misused,” she said. “There are a lot of apps and programs marketed to children that are not child-directed and that aren’t building deep knowledge. Choose content because children can learn something from it, not just because it’s cute.”
Here are a few other tips from Bales and UGA Extension:
1. Talk to your child’s teacher about how tablets will be used in the classroom.
“It’s a great topic of conversation for back to school nights and parent-teacher conferences,” she said. “Find out what kinds of apps they use in the classroom that children enjoy. And if you have ideas or concerns about classroom tablet use, discuss them with the teacher.”
2. Provide structure, and consider time limits if a tablet is available at home.
“Using tablets should never be the only thing kids are doing, and it should never dominate a child’s day,” she said. “For some children, time limits are going to help make sure they don’t. Just be sure to make the time limit clear by explaining it to the child in advance and setting an alarm or timer.”
3. Remember that tablets are just one tool for enhanced learning and should not replace more traditional options.
“A tablet should never replace books or blocks or puzzles or hands-on art or running and climbing outdoors,” Bales said. “But it can be used to enhance what kids do and it can be a great tool to learn more. It’s like anything else: parents and teachers have to decide how best to use it.”
For parents who want more information about tablets, Bales suggests viewing the “Selecting Apps to Support Children’s Learning” link at families.naeyc.org/learning-and-development/selecting-apps-support-childrens-learning.
(Cal Powell is the public relations coordinator for the University of Georgia College of Family and Consumer Sciences.)
University of Georgia Cooperative Extension experts remind parents that tablets are just one tool for enhanced learning. A tablet should never replace books, blocks, puzzles, hands-on art or outdoor play.Download Image
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A sustainability evaluation of urban agriculture (UA) projects in specific wards in Nelson Mandela Bay in 2012 (Phase I) and 2014 (phase II) has shown that 97% of the school garden were not sustainable. Most projects did not aim to empower gardeners to the point of rendering the garden autonomous. A recommendation was therefore made to test a permaculture – based model of urban agriculture and promote the latter if proven sustainable.
The proposal made is for establishing a Permaculture Design based vegetable gardening cooperative (or some such suitable entity), which, by becoming self–sufficient in term of effective resource use and able to generate both food and income for the members of the cooperative, would be both socio-economically and environmentally sustainable.
B. Overall Aims
In addition to testing the permaculture model of food production, it is aimed at building a functioning suitable entity which is based on the real empowerment of the members.
It is also hoped that this set up becomes a centre where Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) and Permaculture Design Courses (PDC) would be taught and promoted.
Finally, should the above be successfully established, it would thereby promote the localization of food production and related inputs/outputs in the ward where it would be situated.
This would fully respond to the UA survey recommendations and establish the centre as reference model for sustainable socio-economic development.
In summary the aims are the following:
– To test the permaculture model of growing food in an urban township environment
– To test a cooperative model of growing food crops in an urban township environment using Permaculture Design principles.
– To support localization as a more resilient socio-economic system
The objectives are:
1. Establishment of a permaculture garden model, through a participatory process
2. Setting up of effective management and maintenance systems for the permaculture garden and centre
3. Establish ABCD and PDC curricula and training for local communities.
4. Become a significant centre for the promotion and development of food security localization initiatives.
1. Renewable Energy Centre (REC)
Pierre Louis Lemercier is one of the founders of REC and presently its coordinator. The latter was originally established in Oct 2008 and is a registered Non-profit Public Benefit Organisation, based in Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
We are dedicated to promoting and applying Permaculture Design and Asset Based Community Development principles, methodologies and practices, to the psychological-social-ecological development of severely disadvantaged local urban and rural communities.
Vision (as revised in 2013)
Within 3 years REC, based on the impacts of the projects it designs and implements in disadvantaged communities, is recognized by local government and educational institutes as having played a key role in demonstrating Permaculture Design methodology as the technology of choice for developing social-ecological systems resilient to the shocks of climate disruption, peak oil and social unrest.
1. Awareness-raising about the need to define/implement a Low Carbon Development paradigm in order to reduce overall greenhouse gas emissions and fossil fuel dependence
2. The creation of a platform for networking and development of ideas and solutions, through the Renewable Energy Centre Website
3. Lobbying government and various institutions
4. Mobilizing community members towards change in light of the above vision and providing practical opportunities for community involvement.
5. Forming a steering committee responsible for the networking of specialized groups and projects relevant to the different aspects of Transition including food, water, energy, environment, social, industry, waste management, transport etc.
2. Calabash Trust
Alhyrian Laue (REC Member) is a Permaculture designer/educator who has been consulting, designing and educating for Calabash Trust since 2012. From 2012 Calabash Trust aligned itself with permaculture ethics in order to promote and facilitate community led development and ecosystem restoration through food and water security. Carla Collins (Calabash Trust Manager and ABCD facilitator), and Alhyrian work together with communities in previously disadvantaged, low-income area schools in Nelson Mandela Bay, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
In African culture, the Calabash has always been a useful item for communities – from being harvested young to eat as a vegetable, hollowed out and dried for carrying water, storing, making musical instruments and hats, and more recently being used as a helmet on motorcycles – it is adaptable enough to be used in many different ways. This is how Calabash Trust operates, in a reflective and adaptive manner, ensuring it remains relevant and useful to community partners.
Calabash Trust, the philanthropic arm of Calabash Tours, is a non-profit and public benefit organisation in Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa, which has been working, for over 14 years, on various programmes in partnership with local schools and communities in the urban township areas. We facilitate community schools (that are willing partners) through parent and community engagement, using Asset Based Community-led Development (ABCD), story-telling, arts and permaculture design as tools. We help people acknowledge their own assets to use for social and economic resilience.
In essence ABCD principles align with those of permaculture, and naturally complement each other. ABCD is an approach to development that appreciates and builds on the existing assets (human, social, natural, material and financial) of a community, instead of making “need and lack” the focus. The ABCD workshops create a platform which allows the community and school to self-assess the skills and resources they have available and to express what kind of activities, business, and projects they would like to get involved in. Since food and water security are key in every culture and community there is usually an undisputed realization of the importance of creating sustainable food gardens. The permaculture design process is the logical follow up.
Vision: Empowered, confident and resilient communities taking charge of their own lives; utilizing local resources; working together towards social, environmental and economic equality and justice.
Mission statement: To empower and support previously disadvantaged communities in Nelson Mandela Bay through the facilitation of “community schools”, thereby unlocking inherent potential, increasing capacity, stimulating self-reliance and leveraging existing community assets.
1. Andile Velile Honono
I was born in Transkei (South Africa) in Qumbu District. I grew up there herding cattle and goats to and from the bush. We also plough fields and gardens. Our mother used to plant some vegetables. She showed us how to plant those veggies and irrigate them. We fetched water from the river because there was no tanks at that time. In 1990 I came to Port Elizabeth to stay with my father and I went to Ighayiya technical college. In 1997 I got a job and worked in different firms and companies. From 2009, I worked at Emzomncane Primary school, where I met Alhyrian in 2012. He gave me some tips about gardening, which I used to add to my experiences about planting vegetables.
At my house I’ve got small plots and in the school where I work there is a garden too. In February 2014, I joined Alhyrian’s group to study about permaculture design, which teaches me more about Nature. I want afterwards to encourage communities, other peoples and children at school to plant fruit trees and veggies. When I will visit home, I want also to teach them about this course or show them something new from the permaculture course.
2. Linda Bartman (W.B. Tshume Primary School – tel 041 467 9030 – 076 483 4840)
Talking and learning about permaculture is a wonderful experience. It was in the middle of July 2011 when Alhyrian & Carla were walking in dusty location of Salamantu looking for community members to come for a meeting at one of the nearby schools to introduce permaculture. We first started with workshops and after that were the practical. I do have a little knowledge about planting because at the age of three I did go to the rural area where there was my granny’s farm. At the WB Tshume School, some kids have joined me to maintain the garden. We even have formed a group called the Qhamani Garden Club.
It was then another training, organized by “Food For Africa” that involved the school kids. My Garden club mastered the questions that were asked about permaculture. It was a competition for which we were in the top 5. I love to work with the kids. They keep me young with all the questions they ask and I have to answer them. I like the permaculture slogan that says “work with nature and don’t work against it”. What a connectivity. I love it. I got it and I would love to teach others as well.
3. Nomahlubi Eleanor Apleni.
I stay in Zwide Township (PE). My mother was involved in school gardening, which was supported by the Calabash Trust. Alhyrian and Carla introduced permaculture to the community. My mother is old and not well. So I decided to join the group. I found what they were doing very interesting work. We use Emzomncane Primary School garden. We planted fruit trees and vegetables. We are a community group of 10 women. We find this permaculture very interesting because we are used to agriculture.
We learned about soil & climate. At the moment more peoples from the community show interest and our group plans to teach them about permaculture. We also want to teach young peoples and make them aware about taking care of the soil and climate. They must know that nothing can survive if we don’t look after the soil. Even this climate change can be defeated if everybody is made aware and look after the environment.
4. Shiela Neliswa Xawuka
I am a South African citizen. I live at New Brighton location in Port Elizabeth in the Eastern Cape Province. I worked as a volunteer at Charles Duna Primary School, helping children with their home work and cleaning classrooms after school hours. During March 2014 Alhyrian and Carla of the calabash Trust came to the school. They taught us (including the children) about permaculture gardening. The land was very stony but we managed. We even built a cement tank for irrigating our garden e.g. vegetables, fruit trees and herbs.
I was then given the opportunity to go to Missionvale Campus to learn more about permaculture from Geoff Lawton. There I was coached by Pierre Louis Lemercier and Alhyrian. They really inspired me because I have started practising permaculture gardening at my home garden and at school. Our aim is to help feed our families and communities to survive through these difficult times of high inflation and unemployment.
5. Daphne Thinzi
I was born in PE then I went to Transkei to live with my aunt. She ploughed every type of vegetables, she had cows and chickens, and we were assisting in the work. From the garden to the cattle life was easy at that time because we were not buying everything. The garden and the cattle were helpful. Then I went to PE again. My mother did not have a job because of the Dom pass (a terrible pass system used in the apartheid era). Then I took the responsibility, I worked at the bakery as a domestic worker. Then I went to skills school where I learnt how to sew.
I later met Janet Cherry from NMMU, she took us to training about waste management and recycling. Now Janet introduced me to Pierre Louis and Alhyrian our class teachers I have received a lot of information that I did not know of. I want to visit other schools and communities to share this information. I say thank you to Janet and Pierre Louis for giving me this opportunity.
6. Simpiwe Kaya
I was born in Port Elizabeth in 1979 July 06. At age of four in 1983 I moved to the village called Ndileka in King Williams town. It is in this rural settlement were I was exposed to a life close to nature. I came back to Port Elizabeth in Motherwell a rural urban area at the age of 10 where my father had cows in his backyard. The place is rural because most people were from the rural side and came with their agricultural knowledge.
The urban settlement was not designed to cater for the poor animals. In 1994 my father had to sell all those cows at once .Not because there was minimal opportunities to have cows but also cow theft was becoming a fashion.
At the time I was friends with a number of small farmers. I could assist sometimes until I could find myself in their circles. At the same age I joined a local drama group which amplified the story telling, dance and music in me. I have been practising the art till today.Involved in theatre, radio drama and short films. Arts I believe drove me to us and the community and to be more concerned about the latter at large.
Late last year I met Carla Collins from Calabash trust through ABCD (Asset based community led’ development) workshop who introduced me to Alhyrian Laue who mentored me since August 2014. Charles Duna Primary school wanted to have a garden but never had enough water although the school had water flooding at the parking lot when it rained heavily. Alhyrian started his workshops with water harvesting where all the design started from. We harvested water from the roof with rain collectors and runners pipes turning to the ferrocement tank we built. Reeds College (UK) helped to build this cement and wire tank which can fill up to 22 000 liters of water.
We started opening up a swale from the parking lot and all the beautiful design came from that meandering swale. Then the workshop continued with storytelling, sometimes in a classroom or under the tree, the group shared their background experiences from the rural living, farming experience, even ploughing methods.
The workshop continued to soil and mulching, where we built compost pits at the centre of garden beds where the children, parents and school’s kitchen are bringing their kitchen peels. We were introduced to planting in a Permaculture style and we planted our pioneers. So far we have beans that will fertilize the soil, sweet potato to loosen it up and now we even have spinach…and the workshop still continues.
Now I’m attending Geoff Lawton’s PDC course I am growing with knowledge that I wish to share. I am still playing with ideas…maybe documenting the workshop processes by writing, pictures and videos and present them – compose songs, storytelling etc. So far it’s still a word of mouth rolling.
7. Sakumzi Nyendwana, 29, visual artist (photography, painting, printing, sculpture), 85, Ingwe street, Motherwell PE
I started to love art in Primary school when I was 9 years old. That continued till high school but unfortunately that school did not have art and culture classes to further my knowledge but I didn’t give up. I just kept doing drawings and portraits for my teacher.
In 2006 I started doing sign writing for local businesses such as Salons, crèches and shops…….and never stopped. I also teach art to groups of under privileged kids including my own brother.
I have exhibited my work in local and national museum and galleries and sold some of it to tourists, including foreigner tourists. Currently I own public arts next to my studio at home.
One day I was invited by Carla and Alhyrian to attend a permaculture meeting at W.B. Tshume Primary school, where I heard about something so interesting called “Permaculture design”. Later I was so happy to be part of this Permaculture Design Course because as an artist I love design, patterns as well as challenges and Nature. I am willing to learn more on the permaculture subject. But honestly, I was lost on the first day of the training because some terminologies were a bit too difficult for me. I tried to concentrate and Pierre Louis and Ally help us very much by summarizing each video. I now understand so much more about Nature, the Earth and the importance of energy. So this permaculture course will make so much difference in my creative journey. Thank you Geoff, PL and Ally.
The location where this group is living and implementing their PD knowledge falls within two recognized biodiversity hotspots. The rich biodiversity of the Nelson Mandela Bay (Port Elizabeth) is partly attributed to the fact that it is in an area of convergence of five of South Africa’s nine biomes …the Fynbos, Subtropical Thicket, Forest, Nama Karoo, and Grassland biomes …… such a juxtaposition of biomes within a metropolitan municipality is unparalleled in the world. The members of this group live in the areas surrounding the Swartkops estuary which is dominated by what is called Albany thicket. According to the Koppen-Geiger climate classification we fall in BSh (Arid, Steppe, Hot Arid). According to the new South African National Standard 204-2 , we fall in coastal temperate.
1. How to plant in a stony soil? (We are in an Ancient River bed with small to large rounded stones dominating the top soil)
2. If you want a chicken farm and you are afraid of thefts and you want to secure your place, what advice can you give? (livestock theft Is a problem in the townships where the members of the group live)
3. How to control pests in our gardens?
4. Somebody told me about planting potato in a sack and as new leaves grow keep adding soil. I put that sack in a car tyre and the potato died. I would like to know if it is good to plant potato in car tyres?
5. Can we design our home plot for accreditation certificate purpose even it is very small (around 20X15m). In that case how can we design it?
6. My garden in my yard is 1 meter wide and about three meters long, which is front of the veranda. What advice can you give me to make a swale that would collect water running from the roof to the veranda in that tiny garden?
7. If I want plants, vegetables as well as small livestock in the same place. How can I do this (Daphne)?
8. We as a group have been discussing our climate. We are in Port Elizabeth (Eastern Cape South Africa) we are in the subtropics on the south coast. We learned that because we are in the subtropics we are supposed to have summer rain but we can get small drizzle all year round with most of our rain in autumn to winter (which can causes floods) but we also get another rainy period in October December . In summer Jan to feb is the hottest and driest months of the year and August to Feb is very windy. We get between 350 and 450mm of rain per year. Can you please help us understand this strange climate?
9. Raised beds have a tendency to dry out in summer but flood in autumn due to the wet and dry extremes we experience.
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You can imagine life to be a fast moving stream that is constantly in motion, never ending and eternal. Life, as I define it here, is the physical manifestation, into different forms, of the one formless consciousness. Life is constantly changing, taking new forms and recycling the old ones – nothing is lost or gained except that new expressions keep coming forth. You can give any meaning to life because it’s inherent empty of meaning, it’s just a play of form, a mirror through which the formless consciousness knows itself or sees itself.
When there’s only the movement of life, there’s no resistance and so there’s no suffering, but when there is a force which opposes the movement of life, there arises tremendous resistance and the experience of suffering happens. Your mind has the capacity to create such a force and be in resistance to life’s movement. If you are experiencing suffering, it implies that there’s a movement in you which is in resistance to the natural movement of life. The art of letting go is all about surrendering this “opposing” movement, so that only life’s movement can exist.
Why does the mind create resistance to life?
When you stop following your inner guidance and start being influenced by external conditioning, you deviate from the natural flow of life and start making “effort” using your personal will to fuel your unnatural movement. You don’t trust life to take care of you and hence you start using your personal will to “make” your life happen. When you start trying to move through your “personal will” you start opposing the natural movement of life – this leads to creation of conflict or resistance within you, leading to suffering.
The mind creates resistance to life because it’s in the wrong vision, it’s an innocent mistake on its part. The mind does not trust life, but rather trusts the external conditioning that it has gained from its surroundings, from the upbringing, the culture, the media and other influences. Are you in a job that does not make you happy? Are you in a relationship that is fraught with friction and deeply unsatisfying? Are you in bad state of health? Are you feeling depressed or stressed most of the time? If you answered yes to any of these questions, it’s an indication that you are not going with the flow of life but rather you are moving through fear, and lack, using your personal will to force create a reality for yourself.
Letting go starts with trusting life
Ask yourself – how deeply do I trust life to take care of me? If you are like most people the answer would be that you don’t really trust life to take care of you at all. You don’t believe that life can actually bring you everything, that’s needed for your comfort, without the use of your personal will and effort. You believe that “you” have to take care of your life, rather than life taking care of you. As long you believe this story, you can never really let go into life’s pull.
Sometimes life puts you in a situation where you have no choice but to let go, because you have run out of all strategies. This is grace and a blessing in disguise. But an easier way is to let go voluntarily instead of waiting for your life to become so miserable that you have no choice but to let go.
Continue to Part 2
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With so many adult responsibilities, is it any wonder that it gets easier to neglect our health as we age? Anxieties about our job, our children and our elderly parents may take precedence over our health concerns. In actuality, we can weave in wellness into a busy schedule and strengthen other areas of our lives by focusing on our health first. All it takes to improve our health is to make a commitment to proactively manage different aspects of health care like: disease, nutrition, fitness and, yes, stress relief.
How to Combat Middle-Age Health Problems
The types of illnesses and discomforts middle-aged people suffer are different from those of children or teenagers. This requires some knowledge of the common potential problem areas our specific demographic experiences. For instance, postmenopausal women have a potential for hormonal changes and loss of bone density caused by the aging process. Knowing this, we can customize our routines to include healthy habits throughout the day as follows:
Nutrition. Postmenopausal women should include foods in their diet helpful for balancing hormones, like coconut oil or soy products. They might want to consider buying wild yam or black cohosh supplements to relieve symptoms. Men may want to try saw palmetto. Both genders can benefit from a quality multivitamin supplement with vitamin D and calcium for strong bones. Learn what foods promote heart health, like fish, and include more of those items in your diet. If fish sounds unappealing, you can try omega-3 supplements instead.
Fitness. Not everyone wants to be jumping around in a high-paced aerobics class and many people simply don’t have time to go running. Instead, you can do short 15- to 20-minute intervals of exercise on the stationary bike. Muscle training is easy to include in short time slots throughout different parts of the day. Plus, it’s an excellent way to reduce the chance of bone fractures and breaks that stem from aging. Swimming is also a good low-impact activity that can be fun to add to your schedule (if you have a pool nearby.)
Disease management. Part of disease management is staying hydrated and getting enough sleep. Sometimes though, despite these practices, a bacterial infection can sideline us. In that case, you need to schedule a doctor’s appointment. It’s likely you will be prescribed Levaquin, or a similar antibiotic, to strengthen your system so you can successfully fight off the infection. When taking a prescription medication, follow the directions precisely as your doctor recommends to get the most benefit from it.
Stress relief. One aspect of health and wellness often overlooked is stress management. We know stress can kill but rarely make time to relieve the stress in our lives. It’s a fairly simple action. You can meditate at home or head out for 15-minute massage, or take a yoga class. Sometimes all it takes to reduce stress is to get up from our desks for a few minutes and take a walk outside in the fresh air. You can also incorporate more exercise into your routine, as research has shown a connection between working out and stress levels. Stress management not only clears our heads, but it also helps reduce blood pressure.
Take Small Steps Toward Better Health Every Day
There are always advancements going on in our understanding of the human body. By taking the time to read and understand how to take care of our health, we can incorporate actions into our daily lives that do precisely that. For instance, we now know that a glass of red wine promotes heart health. When new research highlights different stress-management techniques, like biofeedback or even working on crossword puzzles, it can be another action that helps us take a small step toward better overall health as we grow older.
If we are conscious of our habits on a day-to-day basis, we can make small changes in them that will lead us toward greater health. By making that commitment in one area of our lives, we can start on a greater journey of wholeness and wellness that can make us feel as we’re getting younger. In today’s world, that’s a priceless feeling that can help us better weather the myriad demands that we face in our lives.
About the Author: Dr. Rodney Sewell sees a wide range of patients at his Atlanta practice, from children to middle-aged adults to elderly people.
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Corrupt but efficient politicians are better than honest and in-efficient politicians
- A corrupt but efficient politician can make a difference in the country by bringing effective policies, rules and regulations.
- Inefficient politicians can not run the country in a right way but if a person who is efficient enough even if he is a bit corrupt that can change the scenario.
- The result of inefficiency of our politicians was clearly seen in the Mumbai terror attack. If we had efficient politicians then this would never have happened.
- Corrupt politicians can never be efficient as they only think about themselves all the time.
- They forget that they were elected to work for the welfare of public and not to fulfill their own pockets.
- Corruption blind folds people as they put in all their effort in making money by wrong means. They become efficient in doing wrong things.
- A corrupt politician can never fulfill his duties even if he is efficient as he is the not honest with his job.
- If a politician is inefficient but honest then with the power of honesty he/she can uproot corruption from the system making it a beautiful place to live.
- Due to corruption India is lagging behind. Now by choosing corrupt people whether they are efficient enough to bring a change in the country we can not worsen the situation more.
Every politician represents a number of people who elect them so that they will bring good policies for the growth and welfare of general public. Thus it should be the responsibility of the politician to fulfill his promise efficiently by being honest to his profession. In today’s time we need honest politicians who are efficient to take the country in the right direction.
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Neuroanatomist Jill Bolte Taylor, Ph.D. describes her incredible mental transformation after suffering a left-hemispheric stroke, leaving her right hemisphere on its own to process her senses, feelings and actions, until her recovery eight years later. She even holds a real brain in her hands to demonstrate how the hemispheres operate differently. Her book, My Stroke of Insight, is an invaluable insight into the mind’s workings described by someone who knows the brain from the inside out. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UyyjU8fzEYU
In this video, my friend, who learned to channel and experienced voices after her mother died, explains with great calm and clarity how her healing practice began, what is going in her mind when she does it, and where she believes the voices and healing powers are coming from.
This YouTube video is visually and auditorially appealing, even if it lacks scientific grounding. In a crisp English accent, the narrator explains how one can access a helpful “inner trainer” using terminology and concepts specific to theNew Age.
In the following series of old videos, the famous trance medium, poet and author Jane Roberts explains the history of her encounter with “Seth,” first using a Ouija board, then letting him take “possession.” Notice how her speech patterns and gestures change dramatically as she lets “him” take control. She appears to be left-handed and needs glasses as Jane, but not as Seth. Different memories and different visual capacities for separate dissociative states have been verified in scientific testing with EEG.
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Joshua Smith, who has introduced me to lots of great anime over the years, wrote to let me know about some recent discoveries he made on YouTube: Kitty’s Studio (1959) and Kitty’s Graffiti (1957), two shorts animated by Yasuji Mori. I’ve embedded them below.
These were produced during a time in which Toei was just gearing up it’s attempt to become the “Disney” of Japan, a feat that probably would not have succeeded without the talent of Yasuji Mori. He was probably the greatest Japanese character animator of his generation, stressing the concepts of appeal, solid construction, and moveability in his character design and animation. As the most influential mentor at Toei, he passed his skills on to subsequent generations of Toei animators such as Yasuo Otsuka, Gisaburo Sugii, and Hayao Miyazaki.
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September is National Preparedness Month. The Federal Emergency Management Agency and the Department of Homeland Security hope to educate the public and raise awareness of how to respond and react in the event of any kind of emergency. Catster is on top of things; we’ve posted about evacuation procedures for cats and offered true, harrowing tales about surviving a hurricane with cats. Our focus here is on earthquake safety, particularly as it regards your cats and kittens.
While earthquakes are not common here in North Carolina, they can and do happen. If you live in an area that is prone to or has a history of tectonic disturbance, like Catster Headquarters in San Francisco, it’s wise to take earthquake preparedness seriously. National Preparedness Month is a great opportunity. Taking simple steps over the course of the month can ensure the safety of yourself and your family, including your feline friends.
Preparing your cats and kittens for an earthquake should start with a page in a notebook or a memorandum on your mobile devices. This document, which you can compile at your leisure, should contain the following bits of vital information:
Cats who are caught off guard by a series of earthquakes and aftershocks may suffer, not only immediate panic, but also long-term distress. When an earthquake occurs, and provided you have only yourself and your cat to worry about, there are several things you can do to lessen the stress and anxiety for both of you.
Cats will naturally seek shelter and safety during earthquake activity. Familiarize yourself with the secluded places your cat tends to nest. If you cannot get to your cat until the earthquake is over, those spots should be the first places you check. If you’ve felt tremors, or if they’ve been reported, it may behoove you to restrict your cat to his carrier until you are comfortable that danger has passed.
Mental stimulation and physical interaction can soothe both you and your cat. If you and your home are not in immediate danger, locating your cat and comforting her will keep you both occupied. Can you stay calm and speak to her in a soothing tone of voice during and after an earthquake? It can go a long way to assuaging her fear. Will your cat allow you to approach? Encourage whatever kind of physical interaction your cat is comfortable with, whether it’s a toy, lap-sitting, or petting.
Should you need to leave your home for any amount of time following an earthquake — to check on neighbors or family, for instance — restrict your cat’s movements so that he will not panic, run away, or get lost while you are out. If you can, put him into a closed room, provisioned with food, water, litter (or newspapers), bedding, and toys. Return to kitty at the earliest opportunity.
It is a popular folk belief that animals, cats included, can predict earthquakes and other natural disasters. There is not conclusive scientific evidence that this is either true or reliable. What is certain and verifiable is that when the tectonic plates shift and an earthquake happens, cats, just like people and other domestic animals, become terrified. Whatever they may sense, cats are not infallible earthquake detectors. Otherwise a cat wearing a little lab coat would be the head of the National Earthquake Information Center.
Earthquakes are unusual and irregular events, but emergency preparedness should not be unusual or irregular. By keeping emergency supplies in a fixed and accessible place — supplies for yourself, your family, and your cat — an earthquake may catch you unawares, but not unprepared.
Have you and your cat lived through an earthquake? Were you ready for it? How did it affect your cat, both in the short and long term? Share your experiences in the comments!
Read related stories on Catster:
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More than 200 people in Saskatchewan report picking up the phone only to be harassed and scared into handing over sensitive information to an aggressive tax collector.
As of Tuesday, April 26, Battlefords RCMP said they've fielded some 200 calls over the past 10 days from people who said they're getting calls from someone claiming to be a representative from the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA).
Complainants said the caller tells them they owe back taxes and demand payment immediately. Police said the caller threatens that the police would be dispatched to arrest them if they failed to make payment.
RCMP and the CRA want to send a message out to the public reminding them to be mindful of the ongoing scams.
The CRA said they will never request any information pertaining to passports, health cards, or a driver's licence from a taxpayer.
Anyone who receives one of these suspicious calls is reminded to contact their local law enforcement agency and end the call.
If you are a victim of a phone scam and have given out personal information, contact the Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre at 1-888-495-8501.
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The importance of technology
CCA and Jeenee Mobile have an ongoing relationship and commitment to support people living with disabilities.
CCA’s years of working with people living with disabilities who were denied access to the ubiquitous mobile technology that the rest of the community take for granted saw Jeenee Mobile (the telco) begin to roll out plans and SIM cards in 2013. Since then, Jeenee Mobile have developed specific plans for people from the hearing impaired community, people from the hearing/sight impaired community and for people with various disabilities who need help and assistance.
CCA provides a range of options for people needing assistance with their mobile phone or tablet. We run Technology Hubs across the Sydney metro area where people come together in a peer supported environment to gain skills in the use of technology.
Technology hub participants learn and practice with others how to:
- Customise and identify applications and devices to meet specific needs - for people with difficult hand function; swiping solutions/for people with difficult or without expressive speech; text to talk/Big Launcher app.
- Appropriately use their phone - acceptable usage; safety and security solutions; email; photography; calendars, diaries
- Assess a person’s needs - e.g. mobile phone; tablet; assistive technology options
Families have also established hubs so that they can learn how their person can benefit from these technologies – particularly from CALD communities. These are now self-managed and ongoing.
CCA and Jeenee Mobile continue to work together to ensure that people living with disabilities get the best possible telco and technology options possible.
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Dave: Just FYI, in case its not obvious since the forum is going through some changes:
1. Everyone here loves to talk and engage on topic of mutual interest, even to argue (as opposed to quarrel). You’re new here. So be friendly, and give everybody the benefit of the doubt. We’re all on the same side here, in that we care about asking the same sorts of questions, so dont be so quick to anger or invective. Disagree with others agreeably. The forum has rules to encourage good debating, so remember you’re part of a community here with standards for getting along. Lets have some fun with these conversations!
2. I recently addressed exactly this question about the definition of religion in the pages of Free Inquiry, for a sidebar in an article Tom Flynn wrote reviewing a book entitled “One Nation Under Man.” An early version of it is below to further the discussion:
Wordplay for the Kingdom of Heaven
by D.J. Grothe
David Noebel, Tim LaHaye, Brandon Howse and other popular conservative writers such as Ann Coulter, David Limbaugh and Phyllis Shlafley all use a very broad definition of religion when they argue that secular humanism is the official religion of America’s public schools. They use a definition of religion which is outmoded and which no scholars in the field today use. They use a functionalist definition, which says that something is a religion if it looks like a religion, if it functions in the lives of its proponents as a religion. (According this the functionalist definition, baseball could be argued to be literally America’s religion, because of ritualized elements among the cheering fans, masses of people beginning the assemblies with a hymn, prayer or song, high states of emotion and fellow-feeling, etc.) But contrary to Noebel and his fellows, scholars today argue that whatever else a religion is, it at least needs a supernatural component, and as such, secular humanism, which is a naturalistic ethical outlook on life, can not be a religion, even if it functions in some of the ways religion does.
I have enjoyed the opportunity to debate David Nobel on a number of occasions at universities and in the media. At one of these debates on Bob Grant’s radio show out of Colorado Springs, Noebel and I discussed the definition of religion, as a first argument in the debate on whether or not secular humanism is a religion. After dismissing what I said was the consensus definition of the word religion, Noebel quoted Wittgenstein, and said that maybe it is all just a matter of one definition versus another. He proposed we look at an authority on world religions instead of merely debating terms among ourselves, and asked me to read aloud on air the table of contents from The World Religions Reader, by Ian S. Markham, a noted scholar. He asked me to start reading from the bottom of the first page of the table of contents, and to work my way upward to the first chapter. I read aloud chapter headings for Sikhism, Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Shintoism, Chinese Religion, Buddhism, and Hinduism. As I got closer to the top of the list, Noebel asked me to pause, and dramatically requested I read the title of the first chapter heading in the book, which he reminded me was The World Religions Reader.
That chapter was titled “Secular Humanism.” There was a pause on-air, and it seemed like a real “gotcha” moment—here a noted religions scholar included secular humanism before all the other chapters on religion in his acclaimed book on world religions. Did this not prove, indeed, that secular humanism is a religion?
Like almost never happens, I remembered an exact page number from that book which I was just weeks before reading casually. I asked Nobel to turn to page six of the book, where Markham says that of course, secular humanism “is not a religion,” even if it shares some features with religion. After an even longer dramatic pause on air, Noebel changed subjects, and we continued with the general discussion about the role of religion in education and whether “teaching the doctrines of secular humanism in the schools” was constitutional.
Why recount this story? Because certain religious activists are playing fast and loose with definitions in order to persuade school boards all over the country that by teaching evolution, they are unconstitutionally establishing secular humanism as the official religion of the United States. In fact, there is reason to suspect that Nobel and Howse seek to replace the whole liberal arts and scientific curricula, which they see as being steeped in the religion of secular humanism, with their alternative, called “Biblical Christianity.” In almost every area of inquiry, especially issues commonly surrounding the “Culture Wars” such as stem-cell research, cloning, euthanasia, gay rights, feminism, the role of religion in politics and education—and not just in science education—they argue that secular humanism and the scientific outlook has one take, and the Christian Biblical point of view, another. With this I would agree.
By knowing how they use word play to advance their agenda, citizens can be on guard and keep religious activists’ rhetoric from further influencing public policy and education in America.
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A study based on research on deaf people in Nicaragua who never learned formal sign language showed that people who communicate using self-developed gestures, called homesigns, were unable to comprehend the value of numbers greater than three because they had not learned a language containing symbols used for counting.
By contrast, deaf people who acquire conventional sign language as children can learn the meaning of large numbers. Researchers believe this is because conventional sign language, like spoken languages, imparts a counting routine early in childhood.
The study illustrates the complexity of learning the symbolic relationships embedded in language, including seemingly simple numerical concepts. The work may help researchers learn more about how language shapes the way children learn early mathematical concepts, and how that crucial process can go awry in the preschool years.
“It’s not just the vocabulary words that matter, but understanding the relationships that underlie the words––the fact that ‘eight’ is one more than ‘seven’ and one less than ‘nine.’ Without having a set of number words to guide them, deaf homesigners in the study failed to understand that numbers build on each other in value,” said Susan Goldin-Meadow, the Bearsdley Ruml Distinguished Service Professor in Psychology at the University.
The findings are reported in the paper, “Number Without a Language Model,” published in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The lead author is University researcher Elizabet Spaepen, a 2008 Ph.D. graduate in psychology who did field work in Nicaragua as part of the study.
Difficulty is with number comprehension, not just communication
Scholars have previously found that people in isolated cultures do not learn the value of large numbers when they are not part of the local language. Two groups studied in the Amazon, for instance, do not have words for numbers greater than five and are unable to match two rows of checkers containing more than five items. Their local culture does not require the use of exact large numbers, which could explain the Amazonians’ difficulty with them.
However, most Nicaraguans do use exact numbers in everyday monetary transactions. Although the deaf homesigners in the UChicago study understood the relative worth of different currency items, they apparently had an incomplete understanding of their numerical values because they had never been taught number words, Spaepen said.
For the study, scholars gave homesigners a series of tasks to determine how well they could recognize money. They were shown 10-unit and 20-unit bills and asked which had more value. When asked if nine 10-unit coins had more or less value than a 100-unit bill, each of the homesigners was able to determine the money’s relative value.
“The coins and bills used in Nicaraguan currency vary in size and color according to value, which give clues to their value, even if the user has no knowledge of numbers,” Spaepen said. The deaf homesigners could learn about currency based on its color and shape without fully understanding its numerical value.
To see if the homesigners could express numerical value outside of the context of money, the scholars showed them animated videos in which numbers were an important part of the plot. They then asked the deaf individuals to retell the video to a friend or relative using homesigns. As the numbers grew, the homesigners became increasingly less able to produce an accurate gesture for the number with their fingers.
They were then shown cards with different numbers of items on them, and asked to give a gesture that represented the number of items. The homesigners were accurate only up to the number 3. In addition, they had difficulty making a second row of checkers match a target row when there were more than three checkers in the target, despite the fact that this task did not require any comprehension or production of number gestures. Their difficulty in understanding large numbers therefore did not stem from an inability to communicate about large numbers, but rather from an inability to think about them, the researchers concluded.
Researchers performed the tests on hearing, unschooled Nicaraguans, as well as deaf individuals trained in American Sign Language. Both groups outperformed the Nicaraguan homesigners in the study.
Other authors on the paper are Marie Coppola, Assistant Professor in Psychology at the University of Connecticut; Elizabeth Spelke, the Marshall L. Berkman Professor of Psychology at Harvard University; and Susan Carey, Professor of Psychology at Harvard.
If you are concerned with your child’s speech or language development, please contact Chicago Speech Therapy by calling 312-399-0370 or by clicking on the “Contact Karen” button on the upper right section of this page.
Karen George is a Chicago speech-language pathologist. The practice she founded, Chicago Speech Therapy, LLC, provides in-home pediatric speech therapy in Chicago and surrounding suburbs. Karen and her team of Chicago speech therapists have a reputation for ultra-effective speech therapy and work with a variety of speech disorders. Karen is the author of several books such as A Parent’s Guide to Speech and Language Milestones, A Parent’s Guide to Articulation, A Parent’s Guide to Speech Delay, A Parent’s Guide to Stuttering Therapy, and A Parent’s Guide to Pediatric Feeding Therapy. She is often asked to speak and has addressed audiences at top Children’s Hospitals and Northwestern University. Karen is highly referred by many Chicago-area Pediatricians and elite schools.
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Experts urge nation to hit energy reset button
Published 10:12 pm, Monday, March 5, 2012
A new age of domestic energy production has upended supply expectations and requires a rethinking of U.S. energy policy, industry and environmental experts said on the first day of the CERAWeek energy conference Monday.
Leaders of separate advisory committees to the U.S. secretary of energy told the conference audience that the nation's capacity for supplying its energy needs far exceeds conventional expectations of a few years ago.
Technological advancements in energy production - notably innovations in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling - will require new approaches to regulations, land access and environmental protection, panelists said.
The technologies are making possible economic production of oil and gas locked in abundant shale formations, greatly raising the potential domestic supply of those fossil fuels.
"The potential of the gas resource to supply the market for decades to come at a fairly moderate cost was way beyond what we had originally conceived and a sea change from what was generally perceived five or six years ago," said Andrew Slaughter, a business environment adviser for Shell Exploration & Production Co.
"You see a similar trend in oil," he said. "This has the potential of significantly increasing the proportion of North American oil demand that is met by North American supply. That's a radical change from previous thinking."
But hydraulic fracturing, which involves injection of water, sand and chemicals into formations under high pressure, has raised concerns about environmental damage, heavy demands on water supplies and localized earthquakes.
"I don't know anyone who would argue that we have optimized the process," said Mark Zoback, a professor of geophysics at Stanford University and a member of a shale gas advisory committee for the Department of Energy.
He and other panelists said reducing water, disclosing the makeup of fracturing fluids and avoiding fracturing near major faults would be important steps in protecting the environment and promoting informed discussion of public policy.
"We think the mystery surrounding hydraulic fracturing has actually been exacerbated and people have been paranoid, really for no reason," Zoback said.
Patrick Schorn, president of reservoir production at Schlumberger, said fracturing techniques should be greatly improved, both to reduce environmental effects and to provide better results.
Reasons to conserve
He said fracturing fluids could be reduced by as much as 50 percent in some circumstances and that the industry has to use less water.
"We are experiencing here the start of a new part of the industry that is not only going to develop in North America, it's also going to take place in many other places around the globe that are in dire need of energy," Schorn said. "Many of these places do not have an abundance of water. So if we would continue to require as much water as we do today, we limit the opportunities of some of these developments to be really effective."
IHS CERA's annual conference, which attracts energy executives and researchers from around the globe, continues through Friday at the Hilton Americas-Houston downtown.
It opened with observations from leaders of the National Petroleum Council, which last fall issued a landmark report on the scope and impact of U.S. oil and natural gas resources.
Less imported energy
The group projected domestic demand and supply in coming decades and found that natural gas could greatly reduce the nation's dependence on imported energy.
"With reasonable access and balanced regulations, supply can meet or exceed a very high potential level of demand and exports," said A. Scott Moore, vice president of marketing for Anadarko Petroleum Corp.
Mark Brownstein, deputy director of the energy program at the Environmental Defense Fund, who also worked on the study, said that reaping the benefits of the nation's natural gas supply requires environmental precautions and improved communication with communities where drilling occurs.
"Getting environmental performance right is not a luxury, it is not a marketing strategy," he said. "It is a critical path, business strategy to realize the resource that's in front of us."
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What is Dyslexia?
Dyslexia is a neurologically based, often familial disorder that interferes with the processing of language. Dyslexia varies in degrees of severity, and is characterized by difficulties in receptive and expressive language, including phonological processing in reading, writing, spelling, handwriting, and sometimes arithmetic.1
- 15-20% Of the population shows some of the symptoms of dyslexia1
- 1:1 Dyslexia affects comparable numbers of boys and girls2
- 91% Of people have heard of dyslexia3
SIGNS OF DYSLEXIA FOR PRESCHOOLERS
- Difficulty learning letters and corresponding sounds1
- Trouble learning nursery rhymes4
- Seems unable to recognize the letters in his or her own name4
- Mispronounces familiar words4
- Doesn’t recognize rhyming patterns like cat, bat, rat4
SIGNS OF DYSLEXIA FOR kindergarten through fourth grade
- Difficulty reading single words5
- Trouble connecting letters and sounds5
- Confuses small words, for example “at/to” or “said/and”5
- Consistent reading errors including:5
- Letter reversals (“d” for “b”)
- Word reversals (“tip” for “pit”)
- Inversions (“m” for “w”)
- Transpositions (“felt” and “left”)
- Substitutions (“house” and “home”)
- Struggles to remember or understand facts5
signs of dyslexia in older students
- Struggles to organize written and spoken language4
- Trouble memorizing number facts and performing math operations4
- Difficulty with spelling4
- Cannot read quickly enough to comprehend4
- May struggle to learn foreign languages4
What to Do if You Notice Signs of Dyslexia
If your older child struggles to understand what they read, avoids reading, or has difficulty with spelling and written language, it may be a sign of dyslexia. Take notes about the issues you see — because the better the description is, the better the prescription can be.
Talk to Your Child's Teacher
If you notice any of the signs of dyslexia, talk to your child’s teacher about his or her school performance. Bring up your specific concerns and ask about the progress your child has made over the course of the year.
Request an Evaluation
Not all students with reading difficulties have dyslexia. To confirm a diagnosis, you’ll need a full educational evaluation, including reading, language, and writing tests. You can seek out an evaluation by talking to your child’s teacher to see if they may qualify for testing through the public school district or by setting up testing with a private evaluator.
Be Proactive and Trust Your Gut
It’s never too early to seek intervention for reading. As a parent, you play an important role in the early identification of a reading problem. Although you should seek out evaluations, you should also always trust your gut — because no one knows your child better than you. Be their advocate.6
What to Do if Your Child is Diagnosed with Dyslexia
Find a Specialist
If your child has been diagnosed with dyslexia, seek out competent professionals in the field. The individual delivering the intervention should have full certification and continuing professional development in the area of literacy, and should be well known for helping individuals with dyslexia.
Look for Wilson Reading System® Level 1 Certification
Individuals who are Wilson Reading System® certified have completed more than 90 hours of study in conjunction with a yearlong practicum with a Wilson Trainer. This type of specialization can make a big difference in the success of the dyslexia intervention.
Ask for Classroom Accomodations
Talk with your child’s teacher about making a few simple changes to help with reading difficulties. Ask your child’s teacher to:
- Allow extra time to complete certain tasks5
- Assist with notetaking5
- Provide modified assignments or test materials5
Create an Individualized Education Plan
Ask your child’s school about creating an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) to help improve his or her chances of success. This document will outline your child’s needs and the specific ways that the school will meet those needs. Request a copy of this document for your records.
Common Dyslexia Myths
Myth:Dyslexia is rare.Fact:
One in five people have dyslexia. Dyslexia is the most common learning disability.7
Myth:Dyslexia will go away with time.Fact:
Dyslexia is a lifelong condition, however, with systematic instruction from a highly skilled educator, individuals with dyslexia are able to overcome their difficulties to read and spell most words in the English language. Once accurate reading is achieved, dyslexic students may still struggle with fluency or speedy reading.
Myth:Dyslexia is more common in boys than girls.Fact:
Dyslexia does not occur more commonly in boys than girls, however, girls are more likely to be undiagnosed.
Myth:People with dyslexia see words backwards or jumbled up.Fact:
Dyslexia is not a problem with vision or the way words are seen. Instead, individuals with dyslexia struggle with the phonological code, for example, naming letters to sounds. Their ability to see words is no different from typical readers.1
Myth:Smart kids don't have dyslexia.Fact:
Dyslexia spans the IQ continuum. Dyslexia and IQ are not connected, and many individuals with dyslexia are bright, creative, and successful.8
Additional Resources on Dyslexia
Shop through AmazonSmile and Amazon will donate 0.5% of your purchase to Churchill. Just click a link below.
- Dyslexia Basics. International Dyslexia Association. Retrieved from https://dyslexiaida.org/dyslexia-basics/
- Shaywitz, S. E., MD, Shaywitz, BA, MD, Fletcher, J. M., PhD, & Escobar, MD, PhD. (1990, August 22). Prevalence of Reading Disability in Boys and Girls. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 264(8). Retrieved from http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=382980
- Cortiella, Candace and Horowitz, Sheldon H. The State of Learning Disabilities: Facts, Trends and Emerging Issues. New York: National Center for Learning Disabilities, 2014, from http://www.ncld.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2014-State-of-LD.pdf
- Signs of Dyslexia. The Yale Center for Dyslexia & Creativity. Retrieved from http://dyslexia.yale.edu/EDU_signs.html
- Common Signs of Dyslexia. LD Online. Retrieved from http://www.ldonline.org/article/227?theme=print
- Who Can Help. The Yale Center for Dyslexia & Creativity. Retrieved from http://dyslexia.yale.edu/who2help_preK.html
- Frequently Asked Questions. The Yale Center for Dyslexia & Creativity. Retrieved from http://dyslexia.yale.edu/FAQs.html
- The Paradox of Dyslexia: Slow Reading, Fast Thinking. Yale Scientific. Retrieved from http://www.yalescientific.org/2011/04/the-paradox-of-dyslexia-slow-reading-fast-thinking/
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Creatures of the Desolate Planet
In the planet upon which our hero is stranded, there
are two main creatures: the alien jackal and razor-tailed
mud demons. Scenes involving the creatures were shot
in part with live puppets and in part with visual effects.
Twohy explains: "In terms of creatures, I followed what
I did in Pitch Black, meaning that I would do puppet
pieces when the actor had to engage with, touch, pick
up, duck, dodge or weave the creature. But for the most
part, they're CG creatures or a combination of the two.
I try not to do animatronics anymore with things that are articulated and have eye movements and mouth
movements because they ultimately come up short on
The alien jackal is introduced early in the film
when Riddick finds it as a pup and they create a bond
as it grows into a beast. Designed by Mokko Studio in
Montreal, it was built by Tinsley Studio in Los Angeles.
The life-size jackal puppet was made of foam rubber
and fiberglass with movement mechanisms inside.
Covered in shaved cowhide with neck hair from boar
bristles, hackles from porcupine quills and with sharp
acrylic teeth, it took three puppeteers to work the beast.
Riddick discovers that the deadly alien creatures on
the planet live and thrive in water. Because the planet
is mainly dry and barren, they lie dormant under the
earth and may only be found in the odd watering hole.
That is, until the rainy season comes, and they awake
and wreak havoc. In the thriller, Riddick must pass by
one of these creatures living in a giant mud hole, a
scene that proved to be one of the most challenging
for the puppeteers to film. Recalls puppeteer ERIC
FIEDLER: "The mudflats were one of the most
difficult places we worked in because we were in mud
up to our waists for about two weeks. It was sticky and
hot and sweaty and bubbly."
To breathe life into the
puppets, Twohy chose to work
with one of Canada's top-notch
VFX shops. "Mokko Studio is
this great house that was ready to
step up and do a significant 3D
character animation," he says.
"They proved themselves with
the jackal and the other creatures
in this movie."
Production wrapped, Diesel
reflects upon his dream for what
is arguably the most personal
chapter in the epic series that
the team began so long ago: "Any artist hopes that he
affects people. With this film, I just want audiences to
escape for a couple hours." As for Riddick's next move?
"He just wants to go home and discover his identity. A
lot of people that come out of the movie feel like it's
an homage to Pitch Black, and yet, keeps the question
alive: Where is Riddick from, and where is he going?"
One thing we do know for certain: It's time to once
again fear the dark.
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Cloudy (Computing) Days are Coming
A prime example was the most recent outage that Blackberry suffered in 2009. There were a lot of people who were shocked because they didnt really know where their email came from―it just showed up. The howls of the addicts who couldn't get their constantly connected fix for a few hours was heard far and wide. These nascent business managers use and trust the utility that the Internet provides. They also assume that it will always be there when they need it.
A second trend is the rise of the massive data center with thousands of CPUs and petabytes of storage. These data centers are driving the cost of computing to new lows. This commoditization of basic information processing capability is driving the purveyors of software application systems to forgo building and maintaining data centers. It is easier and cheaper to let someone else deal with the vagaries of demand and capacity. The massive data center is becoming the computing utility company.
Building on the second trend is a third trend that is giving rise to services that provide business process functions through the Internet. This is generally known as Cloud computing or software-as-a-service (SaaS). Today, the services are still a bit sparse and dont provide all the pieces that you need to run a business. However, the breadth of services available is growing daily. It wont be too long before youll be able to get and/or assemble a complete set of business processes via the Internet. The cost of these services is typically lower than the traditional method of buying, installing and maintaining a set of servers, networks and applications software. Even today with less functionality than traditional applications, these service providers are garnering customers who dont need, want or cant afford a full system. This makes Cloud computing look like a classic disruptive technology.
So, where are these trends leading? The subtle yet more radical change will be in the way businesses develop and deploy business processes. The new business owner/manager wants to conserve cash but still needs robust and scalable business processes to grow. These managers recognize that generic business processes add no significant business value. Given that, they will cast about for a solution that provides them with the necessary functionality at the least cost. They will likely, in time, find that solution in the Cloud.
Cloud computing is going to become the default way for businesses to implement and maintain common business processes. Business managers are beginning to take a critical look at what they are spending on "standard" business processes. They are looking at what it costs to acquire and maintain the software packages that automate the day-to-day busy work of the business. They are looking at not only the out of pocket costs but also the opportunity costs associated with lost focus on business strategy and goals. This rethinking of how to value the generic business process is leading to a different paradigm of business operations. In this new world, the basic business processes will be purchased on an as-needed basis.
Since there are very few software applications, if any, that provide competitive advantage, the application of the technology in unique ways that support the business strategy will be the path to competitive advantage. Just as electricity is used to drive tools that manufacture unique and desired products, the information utility will provide the power for businesses to produce the unique services and products that their founders envision."But wait," you say, "what about data integrity? Control? Ownership? eDiscovery? Availability? Depending on the public Internet to run your business?"
All of these supposed roadblocks dont change the fundamental business case for moving toward a business model that doesnt include an in-house IT infrastructure.
If you look closely at these objections you'll realize the vast majority of businesses dont have a decent backup plan nor do they have business continuity plan in case of disaster. This makes the data integrity issue is a red herring. The integrity of the data is actually better when it sits in a professionally managed data center. If the business owner thinks he has control of his systems, he is sadly mistaken. The IT people control the systems, and the software manufacturers control how systems work.
As to the availability of systems that are Internet based, most businesses have access to broadband communication services. Those services are generally as reliable as the electric utility company. So, if you lose power you will probably lose your communications service. However, if you are using the Internet, you may still be able to use a wireless link on a laptop to access your data because the data center where your data is stored has power backup systems. Depending on the public Internet is no more dangerous than relying on the phone company or the gas company to provide needed utility services and your business relies on those entities every day.
Are these objections based on reality or the perception that using the Cloud services is so new that no one really understands the risks? The latter is more likely the case. New, disruptive technology has always had detractors that cant see the value until its too late and their competitors have passed them by.
Mike Scheuerman is an independent consultant with more than 26 years experience in strategic business planning and implementation. His experience from the computer room to the boardroom provides a broad-spectrum view of how technology can be integrated with and contributes significantly to business strategy. Mike can be reached at [email protected].
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Public finance figures have just been released by the Office for National Statistics, showing the progress made on the Treasury’s deficit reduction programme.
It’s good news, with borrowing hitting pretty much the level expected during this year’s budget, and coming in below last year’s forecast.
But how does it look when compared to the chancellor George Osborne's original plan?
Borrowing in 2013/14 was below the 2013 budget forecast by about £12bn, reflecting the rapid and unexpected improvement in the country’s growth outlook - but it was still nearly £50bn higher than Osborne planned for four years ago.
This colossal shortfall pushes the changes push many of the decisions on how to reduce spending or increase taxes into the next parliament - and possibly even further, depending on the economic performance. In reality, the chancellor has made less than half of the fiscal headway that he would have liked.
Barclays note that discretionary tightening slowed considerably in 2013/14, and is expected to stay far lower than previously expected in 2014/15, as the country heads to an election - the burden then falls on the following fiscal year, when discretionary spending cuts are expected to rise significantly.
The gap is being closed particularly through increased tax take, rather than reduced spending: the year to March 2013 and last month, total government receipts rose by 4.3 per cent, rising to £574.2bn. Nominal spending actually rose, up 1.4 per cent to £640.2bn.
The resurgent housing market has been particularly helpful to Osborne, driving up stamp duty revenues 44.5 per cent in the last year. During some months, the intake from VAT is now rising to above £10bn. For about two and a half years previously, monthly VAT revenue pushed over £9bn but struggled to increase any further.
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Born into SlaveryGo Back
Slavery continued to be practiced with greater and greater profit in the decades after Missouri gained statehood. The price for a male slave in the 1820s was $350; by 1860 that figure had risen to $1,600. The slave population in Missouri increased from just over 10,000 in 1829 to almost 115,000 in 1860.
As slave numbers grew, so did the slaveholders' dependence on slave labor—and their fear of a potential revolt. In addition to being an economic and social system, slavery in Missouri was fortified in law. In colonial days, slave codes had prevented African Americans from gathering in large groups and from marrying without their owner's consent. They were not allowed to carry firearms or to learn to read and write, among other restrictions. Based on the color of their skin, men and women, and children too, were presumed to be slaves, even if they had been born free or released from bondage. Slave laws became even more restrictive as Missouri achieved statehood and came within U.S. jurisdiction.
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merge : ('a -> 'a -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'a list -> 'a list
Merges together two sorted lists with respect to a given ordering.
If two lists l1 and l2 are sorted with respect to the given ordering ord,
then merge ord l1 l2 will merge them into a sorted list of all the elements.
The merge keeps any duplicates; it is not a set operation.
- FAILURE CONDITIONS
Never fails, but if the lists are not appropriately sorted the results will not
in general be correct.
# merge (<) [1;2;3;4;5;6] [2;4;6;8];;
val it : int list = [1; 2; 2; 3; 4; 4; 5; 6; 6; 8]
- SEE ALSO
mergesort, sort, uniq.
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A live Christmas tree can cost a pretty penny, so it makes sense to put a little extra time and effort into caring for it. If you select and care for a live Christmas tree properly, you can maximize the life of your tree and keep it fresh looking all season long.
Here are some tips to help you care for a live Christmas tree this season.
Select the Right Live Christmas Tree
When you head to the Christmas tree lot – or head out into the woods – it’s important to know what to look for when selecting a live Christmas tree. Obviously, you should choose a live Christmas tree that will fit in your home. Take the height and width into consideration. However, you should also carefully inspect a tree before buying it. Healthy live Christmas trees should have bright green needles that are somewhat resilient, meaning that they bend a little before breaking. Your new live Christmas tree should also have a fragrant pine scent. Avoid trees with several noticeable brown needles as well as trees that are dropping needles.
Prep the Tree Before Setting Up
Before you set up a live Christmas tree in a Christmas tree stand, cut off a small amount of the bottom of the trunk. According to the National Christmas Tree Association, roughly a half inch should be enough. This will help the tree absorb more water. If you are unable to cut the tree yourself, ask an employee where you bought the tree if they can do it for you.
Use the Right Live Christmas Tree Stand
Choosing the right stand is just as important as choosing the best live Christmas tree. The tree trunk should fit into the stand well, and you shouldn’t have to cut or whittle the base to make it fit. Also, make sure that your Christmas tree stand hold enough water to keep your tree hydrated.
Keep Your Live Christmas Tree Hydrated
The most important live Christmas tree care tips is to keep it watered! Without enough water, your live Christmas tree will quickly become dry and brittle, which can not only lead to a mess of dropped needles, but can also be a fire hazard. As a general rule of thumb, your live Christmas tree will need about a quart of water per inch of trunk diameter. For instance, if the diameter of your Christmas tree’s trunk is four inches, it will most likely need about four quarts of water each day. Check the base of your Christmas tree stand periodically throughout the day to ensure that it has enough.
Proper Live Christmas Tree Placement and Decorating
Where you put your live Christmas tree will also have an impact on it’s health and overall lifespan. Try to keep it in a cool area, away from heaters, fireplaces, and vents, and out of direct sunlight. Warm air blowing on the branches can cause them to dry out, resulting in falling needles. A dry live Christmas tree is also a fire hazard. Also, pay close attention to the types of decorations you use on a live Christmas tree. Inspect lights to ensure they aren’t damaged, and use newer energy efficient lights that give out very little heat. Be sure to unplug your Christmas tree lights as well before you leave the house or go to bed at night to further minimize the chance of a fire.
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Enterprises increasingly rely on smartphones to improve employee productivity. Unfortunately, lack of essential security and mobile device management introduces substantial security risks for smartphone users. In addition, many enterprises do not provide adequate governance to deal with issues such as device ownership and data leakage.
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Smartphones open enterprises to security threats
Smartphones represent a potentially enormous security risk to the enterprise. A growing number of employees use personally owned smartphones to access enterprise applications. Unfortunately, many of these mobile devices were designed for the consumer. As a result, information technology (IT) teams often refuse to support employee-owned devices. This encourages users to bypass IT and to manage their mobile devices using external services such as MobileMe. The larger device storage capacity and faster cellular speeds also make it easier to store sensitive information on smartphone and mobile devices, increasing the risk associated with data leakage.
Recommendations for enterprise mobile device and smartphone security
Enterprises should establish a mobile device security policy to reduce threats without overly restricting usability. We recommend that enterprises consider the following mobile device management policies.
- Define use-case requirements
Identify groups of mobile users with different mobile information needs (e.g., field engineers and sales personnel). Define the use-case requirements for each group of users (e.g., field engineers need access to technical specifications, and sales personnel need access to customer relationship management software).
- Create an enforceable mobile device security policy
For each use case, define mobile device management policies that address issues such as ownership, personal/professional usage and security. Note that policies may differ (e.g., more/less restrictive) for each of the use cases.
Podcast: Five steps to rolling out your mobile applications
In this 10-minute podcast, mobile analyst Jack Gold discusses five steps mobility managers need to consider before extending mobile applications to their workforce.
- Adhere to security best practices such as those listed below:
- Enforce strong passwords for mobile device access and network access. Automatically lock out access to the mobile device after a predetermined number of incorrect passwords (typically five or more).
- Perform a remote wipe (e.g., reset the device back to factory defaults) when a mobile device is lost, stolen, sold, or sent to a third party for repair.
- Perform a periodic audit of security configuration and policy adherence. Ensure that mobile device settings have not been accidentally or deliberately modified.
- Encrypt local storage, including internal and external memory (e.g., secure digital cards).
- Enforce the use of virtual private network (VPN) connections between the mobile device and enterprise servers.
- Enforce the same wireless security policies for laptops and smartphones. Refer to the following article, Best practices for securing your wireless LAN, for additional information.
- Perform regular backup and recovery of confidential data stored on mobile devices.
- Perform centralized configuration and software upgrades "over the air" rather than relying on the user to connect the device to a laptop/PC for local synchronization.
- Adhere to vendor best practices
- Review and follow vendor-provided best practices. For example, see the Microsoft Security Guide or the BlackBerry Enterprise Solution Security Technical Overview.
- Remove residual application data
- Ensure that mobile applications remove all enterprise information from the device. Residual information left behind by a mobile application can present a security risk.
- Evaluate third-party products
- An increasing number of third-party products from companies such as Trust Digital and Good Technology can help an enterprise manage its mobile devices. Evaluate how they can help simplify security provisioning in enterprises that must support smartphones from a variety of vendors.
- Perform user education
- Implement a continuous program of employee education that teaches employees about mobile device threats and enterprise mobile device management and security policies.
A growing number of employees expect to connect personal devices to enterprise networks in order to retrieve email, synchronize calendars and access enterprise applications. Although the enterprise may not own the device, it does own the informational assets stored on the device.
Enterprises should consider the recommendations described in this article in order to minimize smartphone security risks.
About the author:
Paul DeBeasi, formerly a senior analyst with Burton Group, is now the research director for Gartner's Network and Telecom Strategies (NTS) research team. DeBeasi is a well-respected industry leader with more than 25 years of experience in the communication and wireless industries.
Prior to working with Burton Group, Paul founded ClearChoice Advisors, a wireless advisory firm, and was the vice president of Product Marketing at Legra Systems, a wireless-switch innovator.
His career began in engineering, where his work helped Bell Laboratories, Prime Computer and Chipcom develop profitable communication products in the 1980s and early 1990s. At Cascade Communications, his work as the frame relay business manager helped grow revenues by more than $160 million over two years. Paul holds a BS degree in systems engineering from Boston University and a master of engineering degree in electrical engineering from Cornell University.
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Jane Cruz, coordinator for adult high school completion programs of Fairfax County Public Schools Adult and Community Education (ACE) program, recently received the Outstanding Educator award from the Martin Luther King, Jr., Cultural Center. Cruz is also principal of Woodson Adult High School and director of the FCPS Improv Troupe.
The center’s Board of Directors presented Cruz with the award for outstanding leadership in helping students develop positive attitudes about themselves as well as improved academic achievement. In nominating her, the Del. Ken Plum, cited her 23 years of advocacy "for the poor … [and] for foreign-born adults and U.S.-born people of color who have not had educational opportunities because of the impact of personal, financial, tragic, or political situations."
Cruz’s accomplishments include the co-development of the FCPS Instructional Plan for Diversity, creation of the Credit by Objective program to serve the needs of adult students, and formation of a learning lab to serve the needs of Fairfax County residents. Plum attributed these initiatives and her inspired leadership to the large number of Woodson Adult High School graduates who go on to attend college, on average 75 percent. She also serves as a volunteer at the Fairfax County Adult Detention Center, teaching English and facilitating a Spanish-speaking support group for inmates.
The Outstanding Educator award is designed to pay tribute to individuals, groups, or businesses dedicated to helping America’s youth. In addition to the award, the MLK Cultural Center provides college scholarships to local minority students, offers a mentoring and tutoring program for youth, and educates families on financing a college education.
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Tate’s recent initiative, Tate National, has a range of strategies that enables its collections to be shared with regional galleries and museums.
One of these, the Artists’ Rooms initiative, sees a selection of a single artist’s work drawn from the Anthony D’Offay collection tour to regional museums and galleries across the UK.
Tate provides the opportunity for millions of people to see art. The brand Tate is one of the most recognised in the world, with four buildings in England. The exhibitions and displays regularly rotate at all of its sites in order to give exposure to as much of its collection as possible.
You can’t imagine a trip to London without making a visit to Tate, one could say that over the last twenty years Tate has changed the ‘public face’ of contemporary art.
The Turbine Hall at Tate Modern needs little introduction — do not miss the relatively new gallery by the side entrance to the building where a range of major exhibitions from emerging international artists and curators shown.
On the north bank of the Thames, Tate Britain shows a rich programme of historic, modern and contemporary artworks.
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Juicing recipes using vegetables, herbs and fruit at home for healthy living. See vitamins and health benefits of juicing vegetables.
Why is juicing vegetables and fruit important to our health? Vegetable and fruit juices are the "blood' of the plants. The green magic of chlorophyll is one of the best healers we can have, especially for those that suffer from colitis, stomach ulcers, liver and gall bladder difficulties.
All fresh juices have marvelous healing powers, not only for their vitamin and mineral content, but for that 'life blood' that has been formed through the energy of the sun, soil, air and water.
If you have your own garden, or you want to grow vegetables, you will have access to fresh, organically grown vegetables that are ideal for juicing vegetables at home. Sometimes, when we have a glut of vegetables we don't know what to do with them. Of course we can do some home canning, but we can also enjoy our vegetables straight away with cooking them, or of course drinking them!
If you don't have your own garden, then head down to your local farmer's market, and select the freshest vegetables you can find for juicing vegetables and making your own juicing recipes.
The younger the better; the leaves should be dark green, celery should be heavy and tender, and carrots should be dark and golden. Apples should be ripe and juicy. Not matter what you buy, it should be fresh. Wash everything carefully, but do not soak any vegetables in water, as it will leach out vitamins B and C. Simply wash under running cold water. Do not peel carrots and other root vegetables. Simply scrub and cut in pieces small enough to fit into your home juicer.
When creating your juicing recipes, never allow your juice to touch tin, lead or aluminum. Use only plastic, stainless steel or glass as these materials will not affect the color, taste or chemistry of the juices in any way. As soon as your vegetables are clean, work quickly to put them into the juicer and drink the juice soon after it is made. If you have made extra juice, be sure to put it on ice and cover.
If you are forced to buy your vegetables from a supermarket, one is never sure what they have been sprayed with. This is especially so when they have been flown into your country from 3rd world countries.
Before juicing vegetables that are store bought it is therefore wise to wash your vegetables and fruit with the following solution - From your chemist or pharmacy buy one ounce of chemically pure hydrochloric acid and pour it into 3 quarts of water.
This will make a 1% solution and is
harmless. Put this solution into an earthenware crock. It can be used
for a week or more. Simply place the vegetables into the solution for
five minutes; then remove and rinse with ordinary water. This will wash
away any harmful pesticides that were on your vegetables.
Juicing Recipes: Scrub young beets, or beetroots as some people call them, and put them through the juicer. This makes an extremely beautiful wine-red juice, which unfortunately tastes very unpleasant. Therefore only small amounts of beet juice can be used. Take 2/3 of canned pineapple juice and 1/3 beet juice for a very pleasant drink.
Vitamins: Beets are very rich in the vitamin B folate. It also contains some vitamin C.
Health Benefits:These colorful root vegetables contain powerful nutrient compounds that help protect against heart disease, birth defects and certain cancers, especially colon cancer.
Juicing Recipes - The dark California carrots make the most delicious juice. Extra juice should be covered and refrigerated at once. Adding a few drops of orange juice will prevent the juice for losing its golden colour.It can be mixed with practically all other juices and makes them tastier.
Juicing Recipes - 1/2 Cup of carrot juice and 1/2 cup of milk makes one of the finest 'build-me-uppers'. It is rich in vitamins and double rich in calcium. The natural sugars will given an immediate lift.
Vitamins - Drink carrot juice to your heart's content unless your waistline is out of bounds. Remember, a glass of carrot juice contains about 2 teaspoons of sugar. Besides that, carrot juice is rich in vitamins A,B,C, and B2, plus a good combination of minerals, calcium, iron and even iodine.
Health Benefits - Carrot juice is ideal for irritated stomachs and intestines. By adding some ginger, and apple juice to your carrot juice you have a detoxifier that will boost your system.
Juicing Recipes - Pick young cabbage as this will make a sweet-tasting, light-green juice, but a few dark leaves should be added for the healing power of chlorophyll. 75% cabbage juice and 25% celery juice, 75% cabbage juice and 25% tomato juice or 75% cabbage juice and 25% carrot juice all make lovely combinations.
Vitamins - Cabbage contains vitamins A,B,C and U, which is only found in cabbage.
Health Benefits - Dr.Garnett Cheney proved in the 1950s that drinking a quart of cabbage juice over the day, could heal stomach ulcers in 2 - 3 weeks. The quart was divided into 5 equal portions and consumed every day. You should get the same results by making it more palatable by using the recipes above.
Juicing Recipes - Celery juice mixed with a few drops of lemon or grapefruit juice adds to the flavour and prevents the juice from turning dark. Celery juice can be mixed with many other juices. It can be mixed with cabbage juice, for example to help cure stomach ulcers. See below.
Vitamins - Celery juice contains vitamins A,B,C and some E, and also the minerals sodium, potassium and chlorine.
Health Benefits - Celery is a natural digestive and one of the best appetizers. The darker green outer stalks have more healing properties as they contain more chlorophyll. However, do not use too many of the dark outer leaves as this can make your juice very bitter.
tender, unpeeled cucumbers into strips and put through the juice
extractor. The juice itself is flat-tasting and must be mixed with
apple juice, pineapple juice or carrot and celery juice.
Vitamins - Cucumbers contain vitamins A, B and C plus chlorophyll and many minerals.
Health Benefits - Cucumbers are believed to have flushing actions upon the kidneys and the juice is recommended in reducing and cleansing diets. Add some apple juice and celery juice to your cucumber juice and you will reduce your cholesterol, get rid of an upset stomach and get rid of headaches.
Add orange juice and some ginger to your cucumber juice and you will improve your complexion, as well as reduce body heat. Ideal for those who sweat a lot.
Peel tender young rhubarb, never
use the leaves
(raw or cooked) as they contain oxalate which can be poisonous, and
wash fresh ripe strawberries, and put through the vegetable juice
extractor. 2/3 rhubarb and 1/3 strawberries make a good
combination. Sweeten with 2 teaspoons of honey.
Juicing Recipes - Mix 1 tablespoon of black treacle into a glass of fresh rhubarb juice. One glass per day for two week makes and excellent tonic for your liver.
Vitamins - Rhubarb is high in vitamin A, K, some C and vitamin B folate. Also high in potassium and calcium, with some magnesium, and phosphorus, among others.
Health Benefits - In tests with orange juice, grapefruit juice and cranberry juice, it was found that rhubarb juice contains a protective element for the teeth. It has also been found to help stave off some cancers, lower blood pressure, lower cholesterol and diminish the occurrence of hot flushes.
Juicing Recipes - The flavour of spinach juice is rather sharp and so therefore should be blended with other mild tasting vegetables. It goes very well with carrot juice. Equal parts of spinach, celery and carrot juice makes a very pleasant combination.
Vitamins - Spinach juice contains vitamin A, some B and larger amounts of vitamins E and B2. There is also a fair amount of the minerals potassium and iodine.
Health Benefits - The
chlorophyll in spinach and all dark-green juices makes them valuable as
Juicing Recipes - Parsley juice, like spinach juice is very strong on its own, and should really be used in moderation with other juices. Therefore mixing carrot juice, celery juice and a little parsley juice is ideal. In fact, you can make a habit of adding parsley juice to any of your vegetable juice mixtures.
Vitamins - Rich in chlorophyll, parsley really is four-star vegetable. It is the richest source of vitamin A among the vegetables and contains some vitamin B, much vitamin C and even a small amount of vitamin E. Parsley contains many important minerals, especially iron.
Health Benefits - Parsley juice is a tonic for your eyes. It helps to safeguard against eyestrain, fatigue and night blindness. It also counteracts against dryness and roughness of skin, giving your skin a warm natural glow.
Juicing Recipes - Use both the stems and the leaves. Straight watercress juice, because of its sulphur content, can become an irritant and therefore should be mixed with tomato juice and never drunk on its own.
Vitamins - Again, the dark green liquid, like spinach and parsley juice, is full of chlorophyll. It is a good source of vitamins B1 and B6, E and K. It is also full of minerals, including iodine.
Health Benefits - If you have a thyroid problem, any juice that is rich on iodine, but especially watercress, is an essential food for a well-balanced, smoothly functioning thyroid.
Juicing Recipes - Peel your tomatoes by blanching them first in hot water, until the skins can be removed. Slice and add to the juicer. It can be flavoured with lemon juice and a dash of vegetable salt to make it a delicious appetizer. It can be drunk on its own, but is also nice to mix with other juices.
Vitamins - There is plenty of vitamin A and C in tomatoes, along with some vitamin B and E. It is also a source of iodine and a powerful anti-oxidant;lycopene.
Health Benefits -: Because of the presence of iodine, drinking tomato juice is also good for people who want well-functioning thyroids. It also contains the antioxidant lycopene which indicates that tomatoes help fight against some cancers and aid in preventing heart disease.
Add some carrot and apple juice to your tomato juice and you will improve your complexion and help to eliminate bad breath.
Well, we hope that you have enjoyed reading our page on juicing vegetables and feel inspired to follow a healthier diet by drinking your vegetables! We really don't get enough vitamins from cooked vegetables as they get destroyed in the cooking process. Therefore, by juicing vegetables you are drinking all the goodness of more vegetables than you would normally eat in one sitting, therefore maximizing the goodness and benefits just by drinking one glass a day.
Finally, if you are looking for vitamins, supplements and more options for healthy living then visit our Country Store.
If you are interested in your health, and would like to learn more about the health properties of vegetables, vinegar and aloe vera, then Click Herefor more details.
We have lots of pages where you can contribute to throughout this website. We love hearing from our readers, and hope you will be one of those we hear from too. Look around our homesteading website. If you have some juicing recipes, tips and ideas about juicing vegetables of your own, please submit them. All you need to do is type and submit. We will do the rest!
Do you have anything that you would like to add after reading this page? We would love to hear your thoughts. If you can add additional information to what has been written here you will be adding value to the website! No need to have any special skills - just type and submit. We will do the rest!
Click below to see comments from other visitors to this page...
beetroot superdrink Not rated yet
I am lucky enough to have a large allotment,therfore I grow all my own organic veg. My beet drink is simple; 2 medium beets good handfull of spinach …
My Favourite Fruit Juice Not rated yet
Sounds delicious. My favourite fruit juice is 2 apples, 2 oranges, 4 carrots, 2 sticks of celery, and a small nob of ginger. This fruit juice is …
My favourite juice combination Not rated yet
This is my favourite juice combination. Wash and peel, 2 carrots, 4 apples, 1 orange and 1 beetroot. Juice and drink immediately. DELICIOUS!
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Border Crossings: A Conversation on Immigration & Ministry
- Daniel Clark YouthWorker Journal
- 2008 11 Nov
Danny Carroll had just returned from several weeks in Israel, Jordan, England, Bolivia and Guatemala when we sat down together in his office at Denver Seminary. He claims America and Guatemala as home, having grown up bilingual and bicultural.
This varied experience permeates his academic, theological and biblical work, including his most recent book, Christians at the Border.
Immigration—forced and unforced, historic and contemporary—is an unavoidable part of American life. In centuries past, ministries were able to ignore this phenomenon; but immigration and immigrants no longer are isolated, segregated or subjugated in the way they were during the founding centuries of our nation. The world is everywhere around us. Our neighborhoods, our churches, our schools and even our families are more diverse than ever before. It is this phenomenon (read: this beautiful, humble and creative kingdom opportunity) that should lead youth ministers to stand up and take notice of the work of scholars and practitioners like Danny Carroll.
“It’s important to be aware of U.S. immigration because everyone in this country is a son, daughter or grandchild of an immigrant,” says Carroll. It should be obvious to us that Northern Europeans weren’t the first to inhabit the New World. There are those who would choose to freeze the American identity in North Atlantic Protestantism, but Carroll says, “National identity is not a snapshot; it’s a motion picture.” It’s moving. It’s dynamic. The American identity is ever changing.
Identity and Sub-Cultures
The question of identity is prevalent in Carroll’s Christians at the Border. Repeatedly, it came up in our conversation. There are tens of millions of Hispanics in America now, and with them, as Carroll says, “There is a Christian Hispanic subculture that Anglos aren’t even aware of.” There are Spanish-language youth ministry magazines and conferences (check out www.xtremoweb.com and www.convencionliderazgo.com). Youth ministers in America need to know this. “Majority culture youth leaders need to prepare their youth for a country with a growing Hispanic culture that’s all around them. It’s too easy to just focus on the Anglo suburbanite.”
One-half of the population of Latin America is under 20 years old. (Think about it. If half of your church were under 20, you’d have job security … albeit maybe no budget.)
Things are different in the global south. Carroll says, “America is aging.” Boomers are retiring, and the economic prospects facing today’s young families don’t indicate another birth boom in the near future. Therefore, we must consider youth culture if we are going to have an informed and relevant discussion about immigration. We must talk about immigration if youth ministry in America is on the table. These two issues go hand-in-hand.
Within this Hispanic youth subculture, young people are asking themselves identity-forming questions. Who are we? What do I do here? Carroll discusses this feature of the immigrant psyche, which he calls “negotiation” in Christians at the Border. I asked him to explain.
“The negotiation piece is about dress,” he said. “It’s about food. It’s interesting for me. Do we follow the Broncos or the Rapids? Do we follow American football? Do we go to a Hispanic church, or do we put our youth into an Anglo suburban church so they can get inculturated?”
These options must be negotiated with the prevailing culture. Carroll says, “The majority culture doesn’t have to negotiate these spaces. It’s not about the color of their skin or why they speak with an accent.” For Hispanic youth in America, these questions are present day after day.
This negotiation fails at times, which saddens Carroll. “For some Hispanic youth, because they sense the racism and disrespect, they are ashamed and try too hard to be Americans, to imitate and mimic American youth culture. It’s usually not healthy. It’s usually what they see on MTV.”
In light of this phenomenon, it is not enough to make our young people culturally aware. “Make them multiculturally aware,” says Carroll. “That’s the world. Teenagers today have gone to multi-ethnic schools. Young people have gone to college and roomed with a person of a different color. Diversity does not surprise a young person, while the older generations are used to a more monochrome, homogenous reality.”
This awareness starts as interest, curiosity and fascination. Ethnic foods. Latin dancing. Mission trips! Some of this, of course, is, as Carroll says, “manufactured.” Take for example a normal conversation when deciding where to go for dinner. What are you in the mood for? Italian? Mexican? Chinese? Indian? This surface-level engagement with diversity is a starting point, but it is only that. It must be directed and deliberate to move beyond mere awareness to engagement, embracing, and ultimately to the unity of which the gospel speaks.
The first step is to listen to people who are different than you are. It could take our lifetime to get this one. The next step is more difficult. This is where the breakdown often occurs. Carroll says, “We must be willing to entertain the presence and reality of different lifestyles.” The third step is nearly impossible in the present geopolitical and cultural landscape. We must embrace these differences as valid and valuable. Take a deep breath. It’s possible. (Neither Jew nor Greek, male nor female, slave nor free … sound familiar?)
Carroll says, “There is a world out there in desperate need of youth workers who are contextualized.” This multi-cultural world starts right outside our church doors. No, it’s closer than that. It starts in our pews (or our multi-purpose rooms). Carroll, though he is well-connected in Latin-American Christian circles, is not aware of a single Latin-American seminary that has a youth ministry focus. Youth workers in Latin America and in the Hispanic subcultures in America need partners, sponsors, mentors and teachers—all with an attitude of service, humility and mutuality. Majority culture youth leaders need to help prepare and resource youth workers in minority cultures. Additionally, Carroll says, “Majority culture youth leaders need to engage and minister to Hispanic youth while preparing majority culture youth for the realities of the 21st century.”
According to Carroll, “The thing is to expose and inform. The way to do that is to get materials into people’s hands and maybe even do a Bible study.” Reading Christians at the Border together is a great place to start. The second step is for majority culture youth groups to “hook up with Hispanic churches and begin to meet some youth from other cultures.”
Is this possible? What if we could engage and embrace? Listen and learn? Serve and celebrate together? Carroll says we need to move forward in a “constructive, Christian way.” What if your youth group could teach your community how to live not only with diversity but in diversity? Then I think we’d be on to something. Our message would have weight. Our kids would have a purpose. Our cities would be healthier. The stranger would find a home. The lonely would find a family. Sounds like the gospel to me. Sounds like a beautiful, humble and creative kingdom opportunity.
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>The problem isn't with sleep. The problem is that the way load/read/use are
>defined (don't have the book at home, so I can't quote it) it is completely
>legal and even encouraged to write code that polls a variable modified by
>another thread without synchronization.
The existing JMM doesn't mention sleep, so it isn't completely clear.
A loop that simply busy waits to see a change from another thread,
with no synchronization inside the busy wait loop, is definitely
broken under the old memory model (and would be under my new model,
and I think any reasonable model).
The question is what does sleep do? Is it simple a most cost
effective way of waiting for a certain number of milliseconds than a
timing loop, or does it has synchronization semantics?
>Unsynchronized readers are required in Java because it provides no read locks,
>only write locks. This is probably due to its heritage as a language for
>embedded machines, which are mostly uniprocessors. On MPs, you need multiple
>reader/single writer concurrency control.
Unsynchronized readers are not guaranteed to work under the old memory model.
The fact that they often work is an accident.
>I won't be able to make OOPSLA and the JMM BOF, but I do have one suggestion:
>see if you can implement an efficient (concurrent reader) hash table on an MP
>in whatever models you propose.
Sounds reasonable. But whatever solution we come up with will require
that readers perform some kind of synchronization operation (either
locking or reading a volatile variable). Otherwise, it is impossible
to force the required communication on an SMP.
Another reason why Java should have a weak memory model, and not
allow unsynchronized reads or unsynchronized sleep loops: Any data
race detection tool is going to decide that an unsynchronized read,
or an unsynchronized sleep loop, is a data race. I don't see how a
tool could not flag them and still flag most errors. The only way
data race detection tools will be useful is if few, if any,
recommended idioms get flagged as data races.
JavaMemoryModel mailing list - http://www.cs.umd.edu/~pugh/java/memoryModel
This archive was generated by hypermail 2b29 : Thu Oct 13 2005 - 07:00:20 EDT
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Perhaps the most well-known feature of Java is its support for so-called applets, light weight applications that may enrich your Web-browser with graphics, multimedia and additional communication facilities. Browsers such as Netscape and Microsoft Internet Explorer have an embedded Java Virtual Machine that enables them to execute Java applets. Applets may also be executed by the Java plugin that has been provided by Sun Microsystems as an alternative to the browsers' built-in virtual machines.
Java offers a number of facilities for networking, including support for retrieving resources by URL, sockets, and remote method invocation. Remote method invocation (RMI) may be considered a light weight alternative for CORBA distributed programming.
In contrast with CORBA (version 2.0), Java allows for sending objects over the network due to its powerful Reflection API that gives runtime access to the properties of objects, including class types and methods.
The Beans framework offers component technology, that allows developers to exchange (beans) objects and inspect their properties in a uniform manner. For example GUI elements, written as beans, can be incorporated at runtime to add the desired functionality to a user interface.
Another well-designed and powerful feature of Java is its native interface, which enables the experienced programmer to embed native code in Java applications. No need to say that from a purists' point of view one should avoid this.
Last but not least, the javadoc facility must be mentioned. The javadoc tool allows for creating documentation directly from the class definitions, that may be annotated with signature descriptions, and information about its author, possible exceptions and comments.
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Maderas Mayarí – how a company is destroyed
Maderas Mayarí: how a company is destroyed
OSMEL RAMÍREZ ÁLVAREZ | Holguín | 6 de Febrero de 2017 – 23:30 CET.
One of the landmark companies in Mayarí, Holguín, is MADEMA (Maderas
Mayarí), among the largest of its kind in the country. It boasts a
combine that processes wood, workshops that turn out rustic-style
finished products, along with coffee plantations, and timberlands in the
mountains of Nipe and Cristal, with about 1,000 employees working the land.
A plant to produce artificial wood from waste remains unfinished, its
construction paralyzed since the early 90s. This is just one more
investment at a standstill for decades that nobody understands, because
the product would have a definite market in the country.
Five years ago at Maderas Mayarí (the trade name of Forestal Integral
Mayarí) a period of apparent economic prosperity came to an end.
Although its coffee business was already sagging, wood was booming. Upon
receiving new equipment and implementing “corporate fine-tuning,”
spearheaded by the ousted Carlos Lage (with result-based payments and
other reform measures) it saw a boom in production. And that upturn, to
an acceptable extent, ended up economically benefitting its workers and
meant more comfortable conditions for managers (cars, renovated and
climate-controlled offices, protein-rich lunches, etc.).
Everything seemed to be rosy, and droves of young people aspired to work
at the company. But, even at that time, some signs suggested that it was
not as solid, sustainable and efficient as it seemed.
Its main timber reserve was the Pinares de Mayarí, and the logging and
extraction process was clearly outpacing reforestation efforts, with no
effective replantation plan. Wood was being processed from forests that
were the result of the massive reforestation effort undertaken during
the first decades after the Revolution. And that preceding, almost
always volunteer labor was logged on the company’s books as an
investment. It was pure profit.
When those easily-accessed forests on the Pinares de Mayari plateau ran
out, MADEMA management had to resort to other forests, natural or
reforested, in more difficult areas. New equipment was then needed. But,
in accordance with the regime’s iron-fisted central control model, it
was not company representatives that travelled to Russia in search of
new equipment, but rather Foreign Commerce officials.
The machinery they bought was useless under its new conditions, and this
was another factor leading to the company’s decline. Moreover, the new
plantations took a long time to replace the deforested lands, due to the
absence of a well-structured investment strategy. The scenario worsened,
and the company began to cut wages and benefits.
That is when its weaknesses came to the surface and the company’s
profits began to dwindle. The coffee line was a disaster: after the
State appropriated (stole) tens of thousands of acres from their owners
under Land Reform and nationalization, most of the mountain farms ended
up overgrown with foliage and were abandoned. It was only in Pinares de
Mayari, under pine forests and on terrain that was flat and easy to
work, that they planted coffee. However, when logging began and
intensified, the coffee plants were not protected, destroyed due to a
myopic fixation on profitable timber.
The locals view the destruction of the coffee plantations as a crime
equal to that of the town (Guatemala) sugar mill, and the nickel
processing factory in Nicaro (west of the city). The latter company, now
defunct, left a veritable fortune in the pine groves, as under the roots
of the pine and coffee trees lie huge deposits of unexploited iron,
nickel, cobalt and chromium.
MADEMA is no exception, a company typical of Cuban socialism in that it
is not headed up by a logical and natural leadership team, but rather
one imposed by the Government. Like any business in Cuba, it enjoys no
autonomy, nor does it manage its budgets or decide its investments.
Rather, it must await orders and resources, allocated at the central level.
Even when making millions, a Cuban company can grind to a halt due to
something that costs a relative pittance, and have to wait another year
for funds to be assigned it for that purpose. If it has surplus funds in
a certain area, it cannot transfer them to others that lack them and
have problems to be solved, as the most basic logic would dictate.
Far from being a rarity, Maderas Mayarí constitutes a case
representative of the Cuban economy, in which stagnation is the order
of the day.
Source: Maderas Mayarí: how a company is destroyed | Diario de Cuba –
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Our winemaking regions: Orange and Central Ranges
Orange wine region, NSW
Orange is above 600 metres elevation. It’s the source of our premium Climbing wines, and from select parcels, our super-premium Cumulus wines. The low yielding vines in this area deliver intense yet elegant flavours and tight structure. The Orange Geographical Indication (GI) wine region is uniquely classified by both geographical and altitudinal boundaries Elevation: 600m – 1100m, Latitude: 33°15’S, Longitude: 149°07’E. The region experiences cold winters and mild summers moderated by the elevation. The average annual rainfall is approximately 705mm (predominantly in winter and spring) with the three driest months being February, March and April, ideal for fruit ripening.
Central Ranges wine region, NSW
The Central Ranges lies below 600 metres, on pristine agricultural land. This is the source of our Rolling wines, creating a balanced, ready to enjoy character. The Central Ranges wine region is the area that falls under the 600m appellation Orange. The Cumulus Vineyard straddles both regions and has almost a 50% split between the two. Elevation: up to 600m, Latitude: 33°15’S, Longitude: 149°07’E
The warmer lower slopes of the Central Ranges aid the ripening of a wide range of grape varietals that are unable to be grown at higher altitudes. This has allowed Cumulus Estate Wines to make a diverse array of wines.
Cumulus Estate Wines is readily available in wine retailers and fine wine stores all over Australia. Whilst we don't have a cellar door at our vineyard, we do have POP UP Cellar Door events during Orange FOOD Week (31 March - 9 April 2017) and Orange WINE Week (Oct 2017). See our events page for more information.
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