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Planet formation is a multi-scale process in which the coagulation of $\mathrm{\mu m}$-sized dust grains in protoplanetary disks is strongly influenced by the hydrodynamic processes on scales of astronomical units ($\approx 1.5\times 10^8 \,\mathrm{km}$). Studies are therefore dependent on subgrid models to emulate the micro physics of dust coagulation on top of a large scale hydrodynamic simulation. Numerical simulations which include the relevant physical effects are complex and computationally expensive. Here, we present a fast and accurate learned effective model for dust coagulation, trained on data from high resolution numerical coagulation simulations. Our model captures details of the dust coagulation process that were so far not tractable with other dust coagulation prescriptions with similar computational efficiency. | 9 |
We present and analyze 120 spectroscopic binary and triple cluster members of the old (4 Gyr) open cluster M67 (NGC 2682). As a cornerstone of stellar astrophysics, M67 is a key cluster in the WIYN Open Cluster Study (WOCS); radial-velocity (RV) observations of M67 are ongoing and extend back over 45 yr, incorporating data from seven different telescopes, and allowing us to detect binaries with orbital periods ≲10<SUP>4</SUP> days. Our sample contains 1296 stars (604 cluster members) with magnitudes of 10 ≤ V ≤ 16.5 (about 1.3-0.7 M<SUB>⊙</SUB>), from the giants down to ∼4 mag below the main-sequence turnoff, and extends in radius to 30' (7.4 pc at a distance of 850 pc, or ∼7 core radii). This paper focuses primarily on the main-sequence binaries, but orbital solutions are also presented for red giants, yellow giants, and sub-subgiants. Out to our period detection limit and within our magnitude and spatial domain, we find a global main-sequence incompleteness-corrected binary fraction of 34% ± 3%, which rises to 70% ± 17% in the cluster center. We derive a tidal circularization period of ${P}_{\mathrm{circ}}={11.0}_{-1.0}^{+1.1}\,\mathrm{days}$ <!-- --> . We also analyze the incompleteness-corrected distributions of binary orbital elements and masses. The period distribution rises toward longer periods. The eccentricity distribution, beyond P<SUB>circ</SUB>, is consistent with a uniform distribution. The mass-ratio distribution is also consistent with a uniform distribution. Overall, these M67 binaries are closely consistent with similar binaries in the galactic field, as well as with the old (7 Gyr) open cluster NGC 188. WOCS. 83. | 9 |
A number of works infer radial temperature profiles of envelopes surrounding young stellar objects using several rotational transitions in a pixel-by-pixel or azimuthally averaged basis. However, in many cases the assumption that the rotational temperature is constant along the line of sight is made, while this is not the case when a partially resolved envelope, assumed to be spherically symmetric, is used to obtain values of temperature for different projected radii. This kind of analysis (homogeneous analysis) is intrinsically inconsistent. By using a spherical envelope model to interpret NH<SUB>3</SUB> (1,1) and (2,2) observations, we tested how robust it is to infer radial temperature profiles of an envelope. The temperature and density of the model envelope are power laws of radius, but the density can be flat for an inner central part. The homogeneous analysis was applied to obtain radial temperature profiles, and resulted that for small projected radii, where the optical depth of the lines is high, the homogeneous temperature can be much higher than the actual envelope temperature. In general, for larger projected radii, both the temperature and the temperature power-law index can be underestimated by as much as 40 per cent, and 0.15, respectively. We applied this study to the infrared dark cloud G14.225-0.506 for which the radial temperature profile was previously derived from the dust emission at submillimetre wavelengths and the spectral energy distribution. As expected, the homogeneous analysis underestimated both the temperature and the temperature power-law index. | 9 |
an electronic interface for converting an interlaced video signal to a non - interlaced video signal suitable for an lcd flat panel . an analog interpolator scheme is used in which the information available in an incoming video scan line is delayed and sampled , and output signals are created by interpolation between the sampled input and actual and interpolated scan line signals . the output signals are then converted into an integrated , sequential non - interlaced output signal having a frequency corresponding to the horizontal resolution of a scan line of the flat panel . | 6 |
the object of this invention is a valve body of a cleaning appliance , specifically a dosing device , whose valve body can open and close the inlet and outlet pipes of the dosing chamber of said dosing device , to release a correct amount of detergent for soaking a cleaning cloth . | 5 |
dispensable medical electrodes formed as separable segments of an indefinitely long substrate are formed by applying to the substrate a longitudinally extending stripe of a conductive paint and by overlaying the painted stripe at periodic intervals corresponding to the separable segments with films of a conductive adhesive material which films generally traverse the width of the substrate . after conditioning the conductive adhesive films to a desired moisture content , the substrate is rolled spirally upon itself and stored in an electrode dispenser device . two types of dispenser device are disclosed . in one type , the dispenser confines a humidity control solution which maintains substantially constant the moisture content of the conductive adhesive films . the second type of dispenser device confines an activating solution which is applied to the conductive adhesive films located on the electrode segments as the electrode segments are dispensed . | 0 |
a transport system for transporting transport containers storing articles in a sealed condition is disclosed . each transport container has a support portion formed on an upper portion thereof . when the transport container is moved with the support portion suspended , a receiving device supports the bottom of the transport container to lessen the load applied to the support portion . as a result , deformation of the transport container is restrained to maintained the sealed condition . | 8 |
a time period during which current is conducted through a primary winding of an ignition coil of an internal combustion engine is calculated in response to signals corresponding to an actual rotational speed of the engine and the magnitude of a power supply voltage which is applied to the primary winding , respectively . a time for initiating the primary winding current is controlled in accordance with the calculated time period . such current is conducted for a maximum period of time , which is determined in response to the magnitude of the power supply voltage , so as to avoid excessive heat build - up in the ignition coil . the rotational speed of the engine is determined by counting clock signals during time intervals which correspond to predetermined angular segments of rotation . | 5 |
a gas flow isolation device includes a gas flow isolation valve movable from an opened condition to a closed condition . the module isolation valve in one embodiment includes a rupture disk in flow communication with a flow of gas when the module isolation valve is in an opened condition . the rupture disk ruptures when a predetermined pressure differential occurs across it causing the isolation valve to close . in one embodiment the valve is mechanically linked to the rupture disk to maintain the valve in an opened condition when the rupture disk is intact , and which permits the valve to move into a closed condition when the rupture disk ruptures . in another embodiment a crushable member maintains the valve in an open condition , and the flow of gas passed the valve upon rupturing of the rupture disk compresses the crushable member to close the isolation valve . | 5 |
the present invention relates to pyrrazolo - pyrimidine derivatives of formula : wherein r 1 to r 4 and a are as defined in the specification , a process for the manufacture thereof , their use for treating or preventing metabotropic glutamate receptors mediated disorders , their use for the preparation of medicaments for treating such disorders and pharmaceutical compositions containing said derivatives . | 2 |
a working apparatus has : a working equipment for doing works on a structure ; a folding / unfolding mechanism for conveying the working equipment to the working position in a folded state ; a conveyance mechanism for conveying the working equipment and the folding / unfolding mechanism to the working position ; a pressing mechanism for pressing the working equipment against the lower surface of the structure ; and a traveling mechanism including a wheel for traveling along the lower surface of the structure and positioning the apparatus . | 6 |
an adapter to maintain power may include a first switch to connect the power to a building , a first relay to cooperate with the first switch ; a second switch to connect the power to the building , and a second relay to cooperate with the second switch . the building may include a high - voltage air conditioning system , and the first relay may be spring and solenoid operated . the second relay may be spring and solenoid operated , and the adapter may include a closable housing . the first switch may switch between building power and a generator , and a second switch may switch between building power and the generator . | 7 |
a solenoid for an electromagnetically operated valve includes a bobbin having a substantially rectangular or elliptical cross section , a pole plate stationary with respect to the bobbin , and an armature slidable within the bobbin in response to a magnetic field generated by the coil through the pole plate . a coil wound around the bobbin has a rectangular cross section which on a short axis side includes a width w . a relation between width w and a virtual cylindrical iron core of diameter d having the same cross sectional area as an armature cross sectional area is expressed as d = w . a ratio of a length a of a long axis side of the armature to a length b of a short axis side of the armature has a range between 3 . 1 ≦≦ 4 . 5 . | 5 |
in winding machines , known roll systems are used that contain a number of freely rotatable roll segments , which are situated next to one another face to face and mounted in a manner that enables them to move perpendicular to their rotation axis . according to the invention , the roll segments are mounted so that only one respective face is mounted on a bearing journal , which is fastened in an interspaced manner to a bearing plate that can move perpendicular to the rotation axis . an annular slot is fashioned in at least one inner side of each bearing plate , and the end of a roll segment can rotate without touching inside this annular slot . | 1 |
The Gaia M dwarf gap, also known as the Jao Gap, is a novel feature discovered in the Gaia Data Release 2 G versus BP-RP color–magnitude diagram. This gap represents a 17% decrease in stellar density in a thin magnitude band around the convective transition mass (∼0.35 M <SUB>⊙</SUB>) on the main sequence. Previous work has demonstrated a paucity of Hα emission coincident with the G magnitude of the Jao Gap in the solar neighborhood. The exact mechanism that results in this paucity is as of yet unknown; however, the authors of the originating paper suggest that it may be the result of complex variations to a star's magnetic topology driven by the Jao Gap's characteristic formation and breakdown of stars' radiative transition zones. We present a follow-up investigating another widely used magnetic activity metric, Calcium II H and K emission. Ca II H and K activity appears to share a similar anomalous behavior as Hα does near the Jao Gap magnitude. We observe an increase in star-to-star variation of magnetic activity near the Jao Gap. We present a toy model of a star's magnetic field evolution, which demonstrates that this increase may be due to stochastic disruptions to the magnetic field originating from the periodic-mixing events characteristic of the convective kissing instabilities that drive the formation of the Jao Gap. | 9 |
the invention relates to a measuring device 5 of the type which detects the interruption of a beam of radiation by an object in the beam . the device includes a light emitter 12 and a light detector 32 each enclosed in a housing 10 and 30 . in order to accommodate different spacings between the housings different caps 14 having varying size apertures 11 are fittable to the housings . this allows varying amounts of light to be issued and / or detected . other ways of adjusting the amount of light passing through the cap are disclosed . | 8 |
Code for initializing CIME-ized models with data from weather and climate analyses, reanalyses, or user-specified files. | 9 |
an image display device according to the present invention comprises a back panel on which a plurality of pixels each having a thin film electron emitter are arranged two - dimensionally , a front panel disposed opposite the back panel on which phosphor layer is formed , and a sealing frame with which the back panel and the front panel are fixed mutually to seal the plurality of pixels and the phosphor layer in a space enclosed by the back panel , the front panel , and the sealing frame , and is characterized in that double - layered signal lines each electrically connected to a group of the plurality of pixels are formed on the back panel , each of the double - layered signal lines consists of a lower - level electrode made from a silver paste and an upper - level electrode covering at least a part of the lower - level electrode laminated in this order on the back panel . the lower - level electrode is shaped e . g . by coating a groove formed in a surface of the back panel with the silver paste , and a surface of the upper - level electrode is used e . g . for an electrode of the thin film electron emitter , also . according to the configuration , the present invention reduces wiring resistance of the signal lines each electrically connected to the thin film electron emitters as well as improves planarity of each tunneling junction of the thin film electron emitters to suppress dispersion of electron emission property thereof among the pixels . | 7 |
Context. The low spin rates measured for solar-type stars at an age of a few Myr ( 10% of the break-up velocity) indicate that some mechanism of angular momentum regulation must be at play in the early pre-main sequence. This may be associated with magnetospheric accretion and star-disk interaction, as suggested by observations that disk-bearing objects (CTTS) are slower rotators than diskless sources (WTTS) in young star clusters. <BR /> Aims: We characterize the rotation properties for members of the star-forming region NGC 2264 ( 3 Myr) as a function of mass, and investigate the accretion-rotation connection at an age where about 50% of the stars have already lost their disks. <BR /> Methods: We examined a sample of 500 cluster members (40% with disks, 60% without disks), distributed in mass between 0.15 and 2 M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, whose photometric variations were monitored in the optical for 38 consecutive days with the CoRoT space observatory. Light curves were analyzed for periodicity using three different techniques: the Lomb-Scargle periodogram, the autocorrelation function and the string-length method. Periods were searched in the range between 0.17 days (I.e., 4 h, twice the data sampling adopted) and 19 days (half the total time span). Period detections were confirmed using a variety of statistical tools (false alarm probability, Q-statistics), as well as visual inspection of the direct and phase-folded light curves. <BR /> Results: About 62% of sources in our sample were found to be periodic; the period detection rate is 70% among WTTS and 58% among CTTS. The vast majority of periodic sources exhibit rotational periods shorter than 13 d. The period distribution obtained for the cluster consists of a smooth distribution centered around P = 5.2 d with two peaks, located respectively at P = 1-2 d and at P = 3-4 d. A separate analysis of the rotation properties for CTTS and WTTS indicates that the P = 1-2 d peak is associated with the latter, while both groups contribute to the P = 3-4 d peak. The comparison between CTTS and WTTS supports the idea of a rotation-accretion connection: their respective rotational properties are statistically different, and CTTS rotate on average more slowly than WTTS. We also observe that CTTS with the strongest signatures of accretion (largest UV flux excesses) tend to exhibit slow rotation rates; a clear dearth of fast rotators with strong accretion signatures emerges from our sample. This connection between rotation properties and accretion traced via UV excess measurements is consistent with earlier findings, revealed by IR excess measurements, that fast rotators in young star clusters are typically devoid of dusty disks. On the other hand, WTTS span the whole range of rotation periods detected across the cluster. We also investigated whether the rotation properties we measure for NGC 2264 members show any dependence on stellar mass or on stellar inner structure (radiative core mass to total mass ratio). No statistically significant correlation emerged from our analysis regarding the second issue; however, we did infer some evidence of a period-mass trend, lower-mass stars spinning on average faster than higher-mass stars, although our data did not allow us to assess the statistical significance of such a trend beyond the 10% level. <BR /> Conclusions: This study confirms that disks impact the rotational properties of young stars and influence their rotational evolution. The idea of disk-locking, recently tested in numerical models of the rotational evolution of young stars between 1 and 12 Myr, may be consistent with the pictures of rotation and rotation-accretion connection that we observe for the NGC 2264 cluster. However, the origin of the several substructures that we observe in the period distribution, notably the multiple peaks, deserves further investigation. <P />Based on observations obtained with the CoRoT space telescope, and with the wide-field imager MegaCam at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT).Table F.1 is also available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (<A href="http://130.79.128.5">http://130.79.128.5</A>) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/599/A23">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/599/A23</A> | 9 |
a deployable geodesic truss structure can be deployed from a stowed state to an erected state . the truss structure includes a series of bays , each bay having sets of battens connected by longitudinal cross members which give the bay its axial and torsional stiffness . the cross members are hinged at their mid point by a joint so that the cross members are foldable for deployment or collapsing . the bays are deployed and stabilized by actuator means connected between the mid point joints of the cross members . hinged longerons may be provided to also connect the sets of battens and to collapse for stowing with the rest of the truss structure . | 4 |
a method of user authorization for services in a wireless communications network including the steps of : establishing a connection between user equipment and an authorization server of the network ; the user equipment providing user identification to the authorization server ; the authorization server retrieving authorization data based on the user identification as to a service available to that user ; the authorization server returning authorization to the user equipment for a service indicated by the authorization data ; and the user equipment establishing a communication path to the service using the authorization | 7 |
We present a 23 deg<SUP>2</SUP> weak gravitational lensing survey of the Shapley supercluster core and its surroundings using gri VST images as part of the Shapley Supercluster Survey (ShaSS). This study reveals the overall matter distribution over a region containing 11 clusters at z ∼ 0.048 that are all interconnected, as well as several ongoing cluster-cluster interactions. Galaxy shapes have been measured by using the Kaiser-Squires-Broadhurst method for the g- and r-band images and background galaxies were selected via the gri colour-colour diagram. This technique has allowed us to detect all of the clusters, either in the g- or r-band images, although at different σ levels, indicating that the underlying dark matter distribution is tightly correlated with the number density of the member galaxies. The deeper r-band images have traced the five interacting clusters in the supercluster core as a single coherent structure, confirmed the presence of a filament extending North from the core, and have revealed a background cluster at z ∼ 0.17. We have measured the masses of the four richest clusters (A3556, A3558, A3560, and A3562) in the two-dimensional shear pattern, assuming a spherical Navarro-Frenk-White profile and obtaining a total mass of $\mathcal {M}_{\rm ShaSS,WL}{=}1.56^{+0.81}_{-0.55}{\times }10^{15\, }{\rm M}_{\odot }$ , which is consistent with dynamical and X-ray studies. Our analysis provides further evidence of the ongoing dynamical evolution in the ShaSS region. | 9 |
microorganisms capable of producing novel polyalkanoates having 3 - hydroxybenzoylalkanoic acids as monomer units by utilizing benzoylalkanoic acids as starting materials are cultured in media containing benzoylalkanoic acids and saccharides , and the polyhydroxyalkanoates produced in the culture cells are extracted and recovered . | 2 |
the method and the device serve to adapt the valve characteristic of a fuel injection valve , which has a piezoelectrically driven nozzle needle and by which fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine , to production - related or age - related variations in the injection behavior . the activation energy and the needle stroke of the fuel injection valve are controlled in such a way that the engine torque in the case of a fuel injection valve with a reference characteristic would not vary . here , if an actually occurring variation in the engine torque is detected , then by varying the gradient of the activation - energy / valve - stroke characteristic curve of the fuel injection valve , the engine torque is matched to the engine torque generated with an injection valve with a reference characteristic . | 5 |
a system and method for mounting an object to a support utilizes a push - pin that is adapted to be pushed or screwed into the support , without necessitating the use of hammers , screwdrivers , drills , etc . the push - pin has a novel head that includes resilient “ grippers ” for providing a friction fit within a hole or channel of the object to be mounted to the support . in an exemplary embodiment , the grippers are a plurality of resilient annular rings sized to be slightly larger in diameter than the dimension of the mating hole or channel so that when the mating hole or channel of the object engages with the larger diameter rings , the rings are deformed slightly upon entering the hole or channel , thereby , providing a friction fit between the head of the pin and the object to be mounted to the support . | 8 |
a system for managing the simultaneous operation of a plurality of radio modems in a single wireless communication device . the multiradio control may be integrated into the wcd as a subsystem responsible for scheduling wireless communications by temporarily enabling or disabling the plurality of radio modems within the device . the multiradio control system may comprise a multiradio controller and a plurality dedicated radio interfaces . further , clock synchronization protection between the multiradio system controller , other modems and wireless communication devices with whom the wireless device is communicating may further be implemented as a protective measure to ensure a valid clock synchronization between all devices internal and external to the primary wireless device . | 7 |
a fluid cooled system includes a first heat generating component . a first airflow pathway directs a first flow of air across a first heat exchanger . a second airflow pathway directs a second flow of air across a second heat exchanger . a first working fluid is flowed from the first heat generating component , through the first heat exchanger and through the second heat exchanger and returned to the first heat generating component . | 8 |
General-relativistic equilibria of differentially rotating stars are expected in a number of astrophysical scenarios, from core-collapse supernovae to the remnant of binary neutron-star mergers. The latter, in particular, have been the subject of extensive studies where they were modeled with a variety of laws of differential rotation with varying degree of realism. Starting from accurate and fully general-relativistic simulations of binary neutron-star mergers with various equations of state and mass ratios, we establish the time when the merger remnant has reached a quasi-stationary equilibrium and extract in this way realistic profiles of differential rotation. This allows us to explore how well traditional laws reproduce such differential-rotation properties and to derive new laws of differential rotation that better match the numerical data in the low-density Keplerian regions of the remnant. In this way, we have obtained a novel and somewhat surprising result: the dynamical stability line to quasi-radial oscillations computed from the turning-point criterion can have a slope that is not necessarily negative with respect to the central rest-mass density, as previously found with traditional differential-rotation laws. Indeed, for stellar models reproducing well the properties of the merger remnants, the slope is actually positive, thus reflecting remnants with angular momentum at large distances from the rotation axis, and hence with cores having higher central rest-mass densities and slower rotation rates. | 9 |
there is described a semiconductor device which has an isolation region , the isolation region being polished by means of chemical - and - mechanical polishing , and which prevents occurrence of variations in a finished state of active regions even in a case where a large isolation area is present . an isolation region for separating active regions is formed on a semiconductor wafer . an annular dummy pattern is formed in an inactive region of greater than a predetermined size , so as to surround the isolation region . an isolation region is ensured between the active regions surrounding the inactive region and the dummy pattern . | 7 |
a switching amplifier has a network including current sources and resistors connected to the two output terminals of the h - bridge of the switching amplifier , to provide a small current to the load connected between the two output terminals at zero input , whereby the common mode voltage bouncing is reduced and the switching amplifier has less power consumption and reduced electro - magnetic interference . | 7 |
the invention relates to an electronic component with sn rich deposit layer on the part for electric connection , wherein the sn rich deposit layer is a fine grained sn rich deposit layer composed of grains with smaller size in the direction perpendicular to the deposit surface than in the direction parallel to the deposit surface . it also relates to a process for plating an electronic component , so as to form a sn rich deposit layer on the part for electric connection , comprising the steps of : adjusting the composition of tin plating solution in which starter additive and brighter additive are included ; moving the electronic component through the tin plating solution , so as to form a fine grained sn rich deposit layer on the part for electric connection . as compared with the prior art , the invention can validly inhibit the whisker growth with low cost and reliable property . | 8 |
a railway coupler is provided having a coupler head comprising pulling lugs , behind which compound fillets of variable increasing radii have been inserted . the compound fillets reduce the stress concentration behind the lugs by distributing load over a greater curved surface area in order to decrease the possibility of fatigue cracking and failure of the pulling lugs . | 1 |
disclosed are 2 , 3 - diamino - 1 , 4 - butanedithiol ; 4 , 5 - diamino - 1 , 2 - dithiane ; and their n - acyl and n - alkyl derivatives . also disclosed are processes for preparing the disclosed compounds ; pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds ; and a method of treatment comprising administering such compounds and compositions when an antihypertensive effect or radioprotective effect is indicated . | 2 |
an electronic marketplace allows owners of unused internet domain names to lease the domain names using a bidding process . the system allows owners to monetize domain names and lessees to obtain customers who are redirected from targeted domain names . | 6 |
louvered plastic film can be more easily handled and installed by coating at least one surface with a solvent - free monomer composition and exposing the coating to ultraviolet radiation to polymerize the composition to an adhesive state , preferably a pressure - sensitive adhesive state . | 2 |
We discuss the formation of Δ isobars in neutron star matter. We show that their threshold density strictly correlates with the density derivative of the symmetry energy of nuclear matter: the L parameter. By restricting L to the range of values indicated by recent experimental and theoretical analysis, i.e., 40 MeV≲L ≲62 MeV , we find that Δ isobars appear at a density of the order of 2 to 3 times the nuclear matter saturation density, i.e., the same range as for the appearance of hyperons. The range of values of the couplings of the Δ s with the mesons is restricted by the analysis of the data obtained from photoabsorption, electron and pion scattering on nuclei. If the potential of the Δ in nuclear matter is close to the one indicated by the experimental data then the equation of state becomes soft enough that a "Δ puzzle" exists, similar to the "hyperon puzzle" widely discussed in the literature. Possible solutions to this puzzle are also discussed. | 9 |
the present invention provides a lateral igbt transistor comprising a bipolar transistor and an igfet . the lateral igbt comprises a low resistive connection between the drain of the igfet and the base of the bipolar transistor , and an isolating layer arranged between the igfet and the bipolar transistor . the novel structure provides a device which is immune to latch and gives high gain and reliability . the structure can be realized with standard cmos technology available at foundries . | 7 |
the present invention relates to novel peptides that are highly biologically and pharmacologically active as therapeutic agents for the treatment of numerous lung diseases or lung and / or bronchi related diseases , especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , cystic fibrosis , and bronchiolitis obliterans . the synthetic peptides according to the invention are derivatives of vasoactive intestinal peptide and show enhanced physical , pharmacological and biological / therapeutic properties compared to vip . | 0 |
a spectral purity filter arrangement is disclosed . the spectral purity filter arrangement includes a film configured for filtering out at least a portion of input light and a support structure coupled to the film along at least one edge of the film . the spectral purity filter arrangement further includes a gas control subsystem configured to direct a gas at the film to support the film at least when the film is disposed in an operational position to perform the filtering . | 6 |
means and methods of creating an autogeneous pumping chamber for ventricular replacement or ventricular assist while avoiding heart transplantation . a chamber is created by wrapping a major muscular mass around a silastic - type pouch which is thereafter filled with isotonic saline . the muscular mass is then allowed to grow together over time to create an autogeneous fluid - tight pumping chamber , the pouch is then drained and removed , and the autogeneous chamber is relocated to its needed location , and thereafter grafted into operative relationship within the cardiovascular system . | 0 |
a device to control the flow of fluid uses a cam and ratchet wheel . a valve is operated by the cam portion of the wheel , which bears against the valve stem causing it to open . fluid flow causes a pawl to drive the ratchet portion of the wheel , rotating the wheel until the valve stem bears against a low point in the cam , permitting the valve to close . a part of the ratchet portion does not contain ratchet teeth , in which area the pawl cannot drive the wheel . in this area , the cam has an increasing radius from a radius corresponding to a closed valve , to a radius corresponding to a fully open valve . this permits manual control of fluid flow without disengagement of the device . | 6 |
a common interface is provided which permits a single diagnostic probe manager to communicate with and to control a plurality of diagnostic probes . through this interface the diagnostic probes are enabled to pass information concerning dependencies between software levels present in a hierarchical stack . this information is particularly useful in that it permits the probe manager to direct diagnostic efforts at the lowest desirable level so as to avoid the problems that occur when problems are indicated at a high level but which are actually caused by lower level software components . | 6 |
a method for improving the processability of foam premixes containing hfc and / or pentane - based blowing agents in polyols is provided , which method comprises adding trans - 1 , 2 - dichloroethylene to said premix in an amount effective to enhance said processability . | 2 |
an automatic debris removal apparatus for a wiper system that removes soluble and insoluble debris trapped between the wiper blade and the glass surface by lifting the wiper blade off the glass surface and then causing the wiper blade to drop onto the glass surface as a shake under urge of the biasing spring of the wiper arm , so as to thereby provide a shaking action which frees any trapped debris . an actuator selectively interacts with the pivotal portion of the wiper arm to effect shaking of the wiper arm to thereby free the wiper blade of the debris . | 1 |
The cosmic formation rate of long gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) encodes the evolution, across cosmic times, of the properties of their progenitors and of their environment. The LGRB formation rate and the luminosity function, with its redshift evolution, are derived by reproducing the largest sets of observations collected over the last four decades, namely the observer-frame prompt emission properties of the GRB samples detected by the Fermi and Compton Gamma Ray Observatory satellites and the redshift, luminosity, and energy distributions of the flux-limited, redshift-complete samples of GRBs detected by Swift. The model that best reproduces all these constraints consists of a GRB formation rate increasing with redshift ∝(1 + z)<SUP>3.2</SUP>, i.e., steeper than the star formation rate, up to z ~ 3, followed by a decrease ∝(1 + z)<SUP>-3</SUP>. On top of this, our model also predicts a moderate evolution of the characteristic luminosity function break ∝(1 + z)<SUP>0.6</SUP>. Models with only luminosity or rate evolution are excluded at >5σ significance. The cosmic rate evolution of LGRBs is interpreted as their preference for occurring in environments with metallicity $12+\mathrm{log}({\rm{O}}/{\rm{H}})\lt 8.6$ , consistent with theoretical models and host galaxy observations. The LGRB rate at z = 0, accounting for their collimation, is ${\rho }_{0}\,=\,{79}_{-33}^{+57}$ Gpc<SUP>-3</SUP> yr<SUP>-1</SUP> (68% confidence interval). This corresponds to ~1% of broad-line Type Ibc supernovae producing a successful jet in the local universe. This fraction increases up to ~7% at z ≥ 3. Finally, we estimate that at least ≈0.2-0.7 yr<SUP>-1</SUP> of the Swift- and Fermi-detected bursts at z < 0.5 are jets observed slightly off-axis. | 9 |
thioalkylated aromatic amines are prepared by reacting a mixture of an aromatic amine , an organic disulfide and a lewis acid or organometallic catalyst to form a product mixture and adding to said product mixture a heavy , miscible organic base or a combination of a heavy , miscible organic base and a polypolymer . | 2 |
an injector cap including a sleeve and a blocking means , wherein the sleeve is mounted slidably on a portion of an injection device , e . g ., on an ampoule support , is forced by a pre - tensioning means into a first position in which it covers a cannula carried by the injection device , and can be slid against the pre - tensioning means into a second position in which the cannula emerges from the end of the sleeve , and wherein the blocking means non - detachably blocks the sleeve against sliding when it has been returned from the second position to the first position . | 0 |
We study pinning and unpinning of superfluid vortices in the inner crust of a neutron star using three-dimensional dynamical simulations. Strong pinning occurs for certain lattice orientations of an idealized, body-centered-cubic lattice and occurs generally in an amorphous or impure nuclear lattice. The pinning force per unit length is ~10<SUP>16</SUP> dyn cm<SUP>-1</SUP> for a vortex-nucleus interaction that is repulsive and ~10<SUP>17</SUP> dyn cm<SUP>-1</SUP> for an attractive interaction. The pinning force is strong enough to account for observed spin jumps (glitches). Vortices forced through the lattice move with a slipstick character; for a range of superfluid velocities, the vortex can be in either a cold, pinned state or a hot, unpinned state, with strong excitation of Kelvin waves on the vortex. This two-state nature of vortex motion sets the stage for large-scale vortex movement that creates an observable spin glitch. We argue that the vortex array is likely to become tangled as a result of repeated unpinnings and repinnings. We conjecture that during a glitch, the Kelvin-wave excitation spreads rapidly along the direction of the mean superfluid vorticity and slower in the direction perpendicular to it, akin to an anisotropic deflagration. | 9 |
this present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which the sub - pixel is provided with three different voltage levels , so that image quality is improved without the configuration of additional gate lines . the present invention overcomes the reduction of aperture ratio in conventional lcd devices due to the configuration of additional gate lines . by the present invention , the white washout problem relating to the off - axis viewing angle can be overcome while the aperture ratio is not reduced . | 6 |
an adapter , which allows the use of a complex multi - electrode pacing and sensing cardiac lead with a conventional one - channel cardiac pacing pulse generator has a connector that attaches to the multi - electrode cardiac lead , a multiplexer to select which of the electrodes of the multi - electrode cardiac lead are to be connected to the one channel cardiac pacing pulse generator , and a connector to connect the adapter to a connector such as the industry standard is - 1 connector . new therapies are developing requirements for both optimum - site pacing and multi - site pacing to improve cardiac hemodynamics . these therapies require custom pulse generators that are capable of connecting to the multiple - electrode configurations required . this adapter allows a conventional one - channel cardiac pacing pulse generator to be connected to a multi - electrode cardiac lead and steers the output pulse to the desired set of electrodes . | 0 |
a stadium seat cup holder for use with a stadium seat having an upper seating panel and multiple other panels includes a bracket that is configured to form an attachment to a stadium seat wherein the bracket affixes to one or more seat panels of the stadium seat . at least one recess on the bracket receives a panel of the stadium seat . a cup holder is preferably movably mounted to the bracket , wherein the cup holder is movable between extended and retracted positions . in the extended position , the cup holder is placed in front of the stadium seat . in the retracted position , the cup holder is placed under the stadium seat . fittings on the apparatus enable support of other optional items , such as a drink bottle , trash bag , and / or shaker . | 0 |
MATLAB files for iterative solution of inverse Radon transform with a Gaussian beam model. Example data included. | 9 |
a sanitizer for bathroom articles such as toothbrushes includes a closeable housing having a rotatable rack therein for receiving the bathroom article , a sanitizing element such as a germicidal lamp within the housing to sanitize the bathroom article , and a drainage diaphragm located beneath the bathroom article to receive precipitated drainage fluid therefrom and direct the same towards the peripheral portions of the housing due to the concave shape of the drainage diaphragm . drainage holes located in the peripheral area of the housing pass drainage fluid from the housing directed thereto . adjunct electrical devices , such as a radio , clock or a calculator may be contained within the housing underneath the protective covering of the drainage diaphragm . | 0 |
We propose that twin blue stragglers (BSs) in compact binaries evolve through mass transfer from a giant outer tertiary companion on to the inner binary. We apply this scenario to the twin BS binary WOCS ID 7782 in the old open cluster NGC 188. This binary has two comparable-mass main-sequence stars in a ≲10 days almost circular (e ≲ 0.1) orbit. Our theoretical arguments are supported by simulations of an inner binary that accretes from an outer Roche-lobe overfilling star using the Astrophysical Multipurpose Software Environment. At least 80% of the tertiary’s liberated mass accretes onto the inner binary via a circumbinary disk, turning both stars into BSs. Relatively stable mass transfer occurs for donors with ∼1.4 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> that overfill their Roche lobe before ascending the asymptotic giant branch. The system is best reproduced if this tertiary is in an 220-1100 days orbit around an inner binary composed of an 1.1 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> primary and a m <SUB>2</SUB> = 0.7-0.9 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> secondary in an 8.6-24 days orbit. The tertiary eventually turns into a 0.43-0.54 M <SUB>⊙</SUB> white dwarf in a relatively wide ≳5.8 yr orbit. The scenario is generic, but requires some fine-tuning to achieve parameters comparable to WOCS ID 7782. We predict that twin BSs formed through mass transfer from a Roche-lobe overfilling tertiary are generally comparable in mass with aligned spins, which are in turn aligned with the tertiary white dwarf’s orbit. If the two inner stars were initially unequal in mass the less massive star will accrete more, becoming more enhanced in CNO-processed material. | 9 |
a method and apparatus for holding an article to be painted coated with a stand . in one embodiment the stand comprises a first leg , a second leg , an upper connecting member attached to the first and second legs at an upper elevational position , a base connecting the first and second legs at a lower elevational position , at least part of the upper connecting member being insertable in a hardware opening of the article , and the base extending on at least two sides of the article . | 8 |
the present invention provides a voltage booster circuit for effectively supplying a boosted voltage of a stable level despite of small area . the voltage booster circuit of the present invention includes : an oscillator for generating a basic pulse signal ; a phase divider for dividing a frequency of the basic pulse signal to output a plurality of pulse signals having predetermined phase difference ; a first to a fourth charge pumps for outputting a boosted voltage in response to a correspondent pulse signal among the plurality of pulse signals ; and a drive controller for controlling the oscillator to maintain the boosted voltage to have a desired level . | 7 |
the present invention provides a method as regards how a network side gets a mss into the idle mode in a wireless man , including : the pa / bs sends a dreg_cmd to the mss ; the mss sends a dreg_req message to the pa / bs , according to the dreg_cmd message , requesting to enter the idle mode ; the pa / bs releases the link of the mss and updates the data of the anchor pc / lr after receiving the dreg_req message . the present invention specifies the process of a mss entering the idle mode initiated by the network and the settings of relevant parameters , thus enhancing the stability of the process of entering the idle mode and saving the system resources . | 7 |
a transportable apparatus for shelter comprising two sections , a base section and a top section . the base section and the top section have cavities that can be filled with water or are pre - filled with foam . the top section may be cone - shaped or dome - shaped , and is dimensioned to be placed on the base section . after the top section is placed on the base section , the top section can be secured to the base section via bolts . finally , both the top section and bottom section are divided into sections such that if one section develops a leak the other sections remain unaffected . | 8 |
We present a new compilation of inferences of the linear 3D matter power spectrum at redshift z {=} 0 from a variety of probes spanning several orders of magnitude in physical scale and in cosmic history. We develop a new lower noise method for performing this inference from the latest Ly α forest 1D power spectrum data. We also include cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization power spectra and lensing reconstruction data, the cosmic shear two-point correlation function, and the clustering of luminous red galaxies. We provide a Dockerized Jupyter notebook housing the fairly complex dependences for producing the plot of these data, with the hope that groups in the future can help add to it. Overall, we find qualitative agreement between the independent measurements considered here and the standard ΛCDM cosmological model fit to the Planck data. | 9 |
a television receiver including a synchronizing arrangement for providing line and field drive pulses for line and field output stages , which synchronizing arrangement comprises a line oscillator control circuit for controlling the frequency and / or phase of a line oscillator the output signal of which is divided by a divider circuit to produce pulses of field frequency . the divider pulses are applied to a field coincidence stage together with received field synchronizing pulses where their phases are compared and the number of times there is coincidence is counted by a counter and to a controllable switch which also receives field synchronizing pulses from a field oscillator which is driven by received field synchronizing pulses . a mode selection circuit controls the operation of switch which switch is driven into an internal synchronization mode when coincidence is present in the field coincidence stage for a given period , in which mode divider pulses drive the field output stage , and into an external synchronization mode when the above coincidence is not present , in which mode pulses from the field oscillator drive the field output stage . in order to prevent a black bar appearing for a finite period on the display tube of the receiving when changing television channel or the camera is changed in the studio the line oscillator control circuit produces an output which output drives the switch from the internal to the external synchronization mode . | 7 |
Radio observations from normal pulsars indicate that the coherent radio emission is excited by curvature radiation from charge bunches. In this review we provide a systematic description of the various observational constraints on the radio emission mechanism. We have discussed the presence of highly polarized time samples where the polarization position angle follow two orthogonal well defined tracks across the profile, that closely match the rotating vector model in an identical manner. The observations also show the presence of circular polarization, with both the right and left handed circular polarization seen across the profile. Other constraints on the emission mechanism is provided by the detailed measurements of the spectral index variation across the profile window, where the central part of the profile, corresponding to the core component, has a steeper spectrum than the surrounding cones. Finally, the detailed measurements of the subpulse drifting behaviour can be explained by considering the presence of non-dipolar field on the stellar surface and the formation of the Partially screened Gap (PSG) above the polar cap region. The PSG gives rise to a non-stationary plasma flow, that has a multi-component nature, consisting of highly energetic primary particles, secondary pair plasma and iron ions discharged from the surface, with large fragmentation resulting is dense plasma clouds and lower density inter-cloud regions. The physical properties of the outflowing plasma and the observational constraints lead us to consider coherent curvature radiation as the most viable explanation for the emission mechanism in normal pulsars, where propagation effects due to adiabatic walking and refraction are largely inconsequential. | 9 |
The Mars 2020 mission seeks to conduct a new scientific exploration on the surface of Mars. The Perseverance Rover will be sent to the surface of the Jezero Crater region to study its habitability, search for biosignatures of past life, acquire and cache samples for potential return, and prepare for possible human missions. To enable these objectives, an innovative Sampling and Caching Subsystem (SCS) has been developed and tested to allow the Perseverance Rover to acquire and cache rock core and regolith samples, prepare abraded rock surfaces, and support proximity science instruments. | 9 |
a system comprises a chassis and a slot that is externally accessible on the chassis . the slot is configured to receive a first electronic device having a first electrical interface type . the slot is also configured to receive an adapter comprising a second electrical device having a second electrical interface type that is different than the first electrical interface type . | 7 |
We consider the evolutionary status of the recently discovered long-period radio sources PSR J0901-4046, GLEAM-X J1627-52, and GPM J1839-10. It is hypothesized that all three sources are radio pulsars. Within the framework of standard scenarios, it is thought that for the pulsar mechanism to operate, it is necessary to exclude the penetration of external matter into the light cylinder, which corresponds to the ejector stage. We show that for realistic properties of the interstellar medium the 76-second pulsar J0901-4046 must be at this stage, whereas the sources GLEAM-X J1627-52 and GPM J1839-10 with periods ${\gtrsim}1000$ s can be at this stage only in the case of unrealistically high dipolar magnetic fields ${\gtrsim}10^{16}$ G. We also show that sources with periods ${∼}100$ s and magnetic fields ${\lesssim}10^{13}$ G cannot be ejectors in a realistic interstellar medium. Thus, we predict that long-period radio pulsars with standard magnetic fields will not be discovered. | 9 |
a hinge unit useful in the manufacture of readily assembled and erect shelving and storage units and furniture comprises an elongate locking member having a first portion adapted to be received within a slotted channel in the surface of a first panel , a second portion extending away from the elongate member for attaching the hinge to a second panel and integral axial flexion member between the two portions of the hinge . the cross - sectional shape of the elongate locking member and the channel are selected to prevent rotation of the locking member within the channel . | 8 |
a ballast circuit includes a control loop to reduce a filament heating voltage below after the lamp filaments have been pre - heated . a filament cutback circuit includes a filament cut - back inductive component magnetically coupled to the resonant inductive component in the inverter to receive a filament cutback control voltage associated with an ac voltage for powering the lamps . during the pre - heating period , the filament cutback control voltage is not high enough to charge a chargeable component to a switch threshold level . however , during lamp ignition , the filament cutback control voltage is increased and charges the chargeable component to the switch threshold level . this causes a switch device to operate in a conductive switch state and the filament cutback circuit suppresses the pre - heat voltage . | 7 |
HTOF 1.0.0., first full release. Updated to use the java tool data posted at https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/hipparcos/hipparcos-2 . | 9 |
the present invention relates to polymer blend membranes of sulfonated and nonsulfonated polysulfones , methods for the preparation the membrane , and fuel cells comprising the same . the blend membranes can be obtained by varying drying condition and concentration of casting solution . the membranes have improved methanol barrier property , proton conductivity and membrane selectivity . | 8 |
an integrated heating and cooling system which makes maximum use of available energy regardless of seasons . the chiller is used throughout the year to transfer heat between the chilled water circuit and either the heated water circuit or the cooling tower . also , cooling tower water can be injected directly into the chilled water circuit . | 5 |
a mechanical face seal has a first seal face member mounted in fixed rotational and radial relationship to one component and sealed with respect thereto ; abutment means mounted in fixed rotational and radial relationship to a second component and sealed with respect thereto ; and a second seal face member interposed between the first seal face member and the abutment means . spring means is arranged to apply an axial load between the first and second seal face members , said second seal face member having opposed faces , one of said faces being maintained in sealing engagement with a corresponding face on the first seal face member under the axial load applied by the spring means and the other face being sealed with respect to a corresponding face on said abutment means . means is provided to interconnect said second seal face member rotationally with respect to said abutment means while permitting limited radial movement therebetween and one of said faces of the second seal face member and the corresponding face of the first seal face member or abutment means is inclined to the axis of the seal , so as to impose a radial load on the second face member . two such seal assemblies may be provided co - axially of one another to provide a double seal . | 8 |
a method of trimming plastic covering a mouth opening of a blow - molded universal urinal involves rigidly holding the urinal in position opposite a trimming machine . the machine mechanically moves a knife mounted thereon in an oval pattern in one plane while simultaneously moving the knife in an alternately concave and convex pattern in a second plane orthogonal to the first plane . the knife is mounted on a platform which is movable in the second plane independently of the movement of the knife . as the platform is moved toward the urinal mouth , the knife is moved in the described pattern , thus smoothly trimming the urinal mouth . | 8 |
the present invention refers to a process for production of a mixture including 2 , 4 - furandicarboxylic acid and 2 , 5 furandicarboxylic acid through the disproportionation route , using as base compounds oxidation products of furfural . this invention also relates to a process for production of 2 , 4 - fdca as a result of a disproportionation route and the use of 2 , 4 - fdca as a monomer or comonomer to synthesize esters or any compounds which can generate macromolecules , such as polyesters . | 2 |
a jam - proof , high pressure , check - valved input fitting comprising a travel limiting cage for controlling its internal valve spring system to prevent spring bending and cylinderization . a terminal engageably by a high pressure grease source leads to an internal tubular flow passageway comprising axially aligned inlets and outlets separated by a valve seat . a ball valve which contacts the valve seat to control fluid flow is biased by a spring coaxially seated within the upwardly projecting castellated end of the cage . the cage includes symmetrical , radially spaced apart legs and a plurality of relief orifices in the form of radially spaced apart slots defined between adjacent feet . the relief orifices establish fluid flow communication between the outside of the cage and its interior . when compressed downwardly against yieldable spring pressure , the ball is stopped by the cage before the spring can cylinderize . even when the ball valve is compressed against the cage by several thousand pounds of pressurem a blocking seal against the cage cannot be formed by the ball , since the relief slots provide an effective bypass . | 8 |
the present invention is a razor blade carrier having a base with at least two stepped protrusion extending outwardly therefrom . the stepped protrusion define at least two landing positions that support a portion of the razor blade . the landing surfaces of the stepped protrusions cooperate to define at least two razor blade locations . the razor blade carrier is used in a razor cartridge . | 1 |
GNSS-A data published in: Xie, S., Zumberge, M., Sasagawa, G., and Voytenko, D., 2023 (revision submitted). Shallow Water Seafloor Geodesy with Wave Glider-Based GNSS-Acoustic Surveying of a Single Transponder. Earth and Space Science. | 9 |
the present invention relates to a thermostable enzyme with a 2 . 1 å crystal structure of a propeller type comprising six external blades that encompass the outer boundary of the crystal and six internal calcium - binding sites that are embedded inside the above crystal . each of the six blades comprises 4 or 5 anti - parallel β - strands , and the six calcium binding sites consist of 3 high - affinity calcium binding sites and 3 low - affinity binding sites , which are involved in the enzyme &# 39 ; s thermostability and catalytic activity , respectively . the above - mentioned ca 2 + binding motifs are expected to be utilized in synthesizing highly thermostable proteins and the elucidation of active sites of an enzyme from a three - dimensional structure can help to design new enzymes having those sites with the aid of recent advanced technology of protein engineering . | 2 |
the present invention relates to a novel glycosidation process to make intermediates useful in the preparation of indolopyrrolocarbazole derivatives which inhibit the growth of tumor cells and are therefore useful in the treatment of cancer in mammals , and the like . | 2 |
a seat belt retractor having first and second serially arranged torsion bars and a switching mechanism provides two levels of load limiting . a bridge bolt rotationally fixed to the inboard ends of the torsion bars is threaded into a locking base , and the switching mechanism prevents bridge bolt translation relative to the locking base in a default condition to limit seat belt load with the first torsion bar . activation of the switching mechanism permits limited translation of the bridge bolt relative to the locking base to limit seat belt load with the second torsion bar . additional translation of the bridge bolt relative to the locking base is prevented to re - establish load limiting with the first torsion bar . the switching mechanism includes a set of detent wedges , a retaining band and an electrically activated cutting mechanism , all disposed within the retractor frame . | 1 |
a high density electrical interconnect is disclosed that uses a bayonet action to mate a plug having a plurality of contacts to receptacle having a plurality of spring contacts . the plurality of contacts may be a plurality of pin contacts , printed circuit board traces , or flexible film contacts . the spring contacts are preloaded to reduce the insertion force required to mate the plug and receptacle . | 7 |
While supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are widely observed in the nearby and distant Universe, their origin remains debated with two viable formation scenarios with light and heavy seeds. In the light seeding model, the seed of the first SMBHs form from the collapse of massive stars with masses of 10–100 M <SUB>⊙</SUB>, while the heavy seeding model posits the formation of 10<SUP>4–5</SUP> M <SUB>⊙</SUB> seeds from direct collapse. The detection of SMBHs at redshifts z ≳ 10, edging closer to their formation epoch, provides critical observational discrimination between these scenarios. Here, we focus on the JWST-detected galaxy, GHZ 9, at z ≈ 10 that is lensed by the foreground cluster, A2744. Based on 2.1 Ms deep Chandra observations, we detect a candidate X-ray active galactic nucleus (AGN), which is spatially coincident with the high-redshift galaxy, GHZ 9. The SMBH candidate is inferred to have a bolometric luminosity of $({1.0}_{-0.4}^{+0.5})\times {10}^{46}\ \mathrm{erg}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}$ , which corresponds to a black hole (BH) mass of $({8.0}_{-3.2}^{+3.7})\times {10}^{7}\ {M}_{\odot }$ assuming Eddington-limited accretion. This extreme mass at such an early cosmic epoch suggests the heavy seed origin for this BH candidate. Based on the Chandra and JWST discoveries of extremely high-redshift quasars, we have constructed the first simple AGN luminosity function extending to z ≈ 10. Comparison of this luminosity function with theoretical models indicates an overabundant z ≈ 10 SMBH population, consistent with a higher-than-expected seed formation efficiency. | 9 |
a method for manufacturing a disposable worn article of the present invention includes : a first step of applying an adhesive on at least one of a first web and a second web ; a second step of sandwiching an elastic member between the first and second webs and combining the first and second webs and the elastic member together , thereby producing a combined web ; and a third step of melting a portion of at least one of the first and second webs and a portion of the elastic member , thereby reducing a shrinking force of the elastic member in the melted portion . | 8 |
an interactive system provides for increasing retrieval performance of images depicting text by allowing users to provide relevance feedback on words contained in the images . the system includes a user interface through which the user queries the system with query terms for images contained in the system . word image suggestions are displayed to the user through the user interface , where each word image suggestion contains the same or slightly variant text as recognized from the word image by the system than the particular query terms . word image suggestions can be included in the system by the user to increase system recall of images for the one or more query terms and can be excluded from the system by the user to increase precision of image retrieval results for particular query terms . | 6 |
a bus system for exchanging information between a plurality of circuits connected to the system . the bus system includes a polling bus , a message bus , and a bus controller . the bus controller polls each circuit to see if the circuits require access to the message bus . information between the circuits is conveyed by first transmitting the information to the bus controller where it is temporarily stored . that information is then sent to the destination circuit by the bus controller . information is thus conveyed over the message bus twice for every exchange of informaton between two circuits . | 6 |
a solution for centralized management of returned goods transactions is described . the solution may receive a returned good content that comprises a picture of a returned good . from the picture , the returned good may be categorized as one of a repairable item or an item that should be scrapped . a centralized database may be kept for the purpose of tracking the repair or scrap of the returned good and documenting various events and data associated with the returned good . from the database , a returned goods report that is useful for indicating a chargeback amount owed a retailer for losses associated with one or more returned goods over a period of time may be generated . advantageously , because the solution herein is centralized between a retailer and a supplier , a transparent and accurate accounting of chargeback amounts may be provided to both the retailer and the supplier . | 6 |
a system of monitoring and / or maintaining remotely located autonomously powered lights , security systems , parking meters , and the like is operable to receive data signals from a number of the devices , and provide a comparison with other similar devices in the same geographic region to detect a default condition of a particular device , and / or assess whether the defect is environmental or particular to the specific device itself . the system includes memory for storing operating parameters and data , and outputs modified control commands to the devices in response to sensed performance , past performance and / or self - learning algorithms . the system operates to provide for the monitoring and / or control of individual device operating parameters on an individual or regional basis , over preset periods . | 7 |
a safety system comprising an implant , a control device , and a machine . the machine has a control unit which is designed to allow operation of the machine only when a unique identifier has been received , and to set an operating mode of the machine as a function of the received suitability index . the implant is designed to detect physiological data of an implant wearer , and to either generate a suitability index based on detected physiological data and transmit the suitability index to the control device , or to transmit the physiological data itself to the control device . | 0 |
a method of preparing a stable cheese and vegetable - containing product includes contacting relatively acidic vegetables with a buffer solution to equilibrate the vegetable matter at a ph which is compatible with the dairy proteins present in the cheese . the cheese base preferably has low total solids , low cheese and low reducing sugar contents , and thus can successfully be packaged and preserved via the retort process . | 0 |
To understand the role that active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback plays in galaxy evolution, we need in-depth studies of the multi-phase structure and energetics of galaxy-wide outflows. In this work, we present new, deep (∼50 h) NOEMA CO(1-0) line observations of the molecular gas in the powerful outflow driven by the AGN in the ultra-luminous infrared galaxy IRAS F08572+3915. We spatially resolve the outflow, finding that its most likely configuration is a wide-angle bicone aligned with the kinematic major axis of the rotation disk. The molecular gas in the wind reaches velocities up to approximately ±1200 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> and transports nearly 20% of the molecular gas mass in the system. We detect a second outflow component located ∼6 kpc northwest from the galaxy moving away at ∼900 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>, which could be the result of a previous episode of AGN activity. The total mass and energetics of the outflow, which includes contributions from the ionized, neutral, and warm and cold molecular gas phases, is strongly dominated by the cold molecular gas. In fact, the molecular mass outflow rate is higher than the star formation rate, even if we only consider the gas in the outflow that is fast enough to escape the galaxy, which accounts for ∼40% of the total mass of the outflow. This results in an outflow depletion time for the molecular gas in the central ∼1.5 kpc region of only ∼3 Myr, a factor of ∼2 shorter than the depletion time by star formation activity. <P />A copy of the reduced datacube is available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/635/A47">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/635/A47</A> | 9 |
The most massive stars provide an essential source of recycled material for young clusters and galaxies. While very massive stars (VMSs, M>100 $\rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$) are relatively rare compared to O stars, they lose disproportionately large amounts of mass already from the onset of core H-burning. VMS have optically thick winds with elevated mass-loss rates in comparison to optically thin standard O-star winds. We compute wind yields and ejected masses on the main sequence, and we compare enhanced mass-loss rates to standard ones. We calculate solar metallicity wind yields from MESA stellar evolution models in the range 50-500 $\rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$, including a large nuclear network of 92 isotopes, investigating not only the CNO-cycle, but also the Ne-Na and Mg-Al cycles. VMS with enhanced winds eject 5-10 times more H-processed elements (N, Ne, Na, Al) on the main sequence in comparison to standard winds, with possible consequences for observed anticorrelations, such as C-N and Na-O, in globular clusters. We find that for VMS 95 per cent of the total wind yields is produced on the main sequence, while only ~ 5 per cent is supplied by the post-main sequence. This implies that VMS with enhanced winds are the primary source of <SUP>26</SUP>Al, contrasting previous works where classical Wolf-Rayet winds had been suggested to be responsible for galactic <SUP>26</SUP>Al enrichment. Finally, 200 $\rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$ stars eject 100 times more of each heavy element in their winds than 50 $\rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$ stars, and even when weighted by an IMF their wind contribution is still an order of magnitude higher than that of 50 $\rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$ stars. | 9 |
We present the kinematic analysis of 246 stars within $4^{\prime} $ from the center of Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), the closest massive star cluster with active star formation across the full mass range, which provides valuable insights in the formation and evolution of star cluster on an individual-star basis. High-precision radial velocities and surface temperatures are retrieved from spectra acquired by the NIRSPEC instrument used with adaptive optics (NIRSPAO) on the Keck II 10 m telescope. A 3D kinematic map is then constructed by combining with the proper motions previously measured by the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys/WFPC2/WFC3IR and Keck II NIRC2. The measured root-mean-squared velocity dispersion is 2.26 ± 0.08 km s<SUP>‑1</SUP>, significantly higher than the virial equilibrium's requirement of 1.73 km s<SUP>‑1</SUP>, suggesting that the ONC core is supervirial, consistent with previous findings. Energy equipartition is not detected in the cluster. Most notably, the velocity of each star relative to its neighbors is found to be negatively correlated with stellar mass. Low-mass stars moving faster than their surrounding stars in a supervirial cluster suggests that the initial masses of forming stars may be related to their initial kinematic states. Additionally, a clockwise rotation preference is detected. A weak sign of inverse mass segregation is also identified among stars excluding the Trapezium stars, although it could be a sample bias. Finally, this study reports the discovery of four new candidate spectroscopic binary systems. | 9 |
a system is disclosed for a voltage controlled oscillator having a large frequency range and a low gain . passive or active circuitry is introduced between at least one vco cell in the voltage controlled oscillator and the voltage source for the vco cell which reduces a gain value for the vco to maintain stability of the system . | 7 |
a method for implementing private key protocols between two processing devices of which at least one is a portable storage medium . the devices are fitted with a digital processing circuit for performing modular calculation operations with a view to executing operations such as modular multiplication , the processing circuit is used to implement a private key encryption function consisting of a series of reversible operations comprising at least a combination of two operations , i . e . a modular calculation operation and a binary logic operation , and said function is applied either for encrypting or signing messages to be transmitted , or for decrypting received messages . | 6 |
a large round baler is equipped with a plurality of components for delivering crop to an inlet of a baling chamber of a large round baler . these components have a width which is substantially wider than the baling chamber inlet and include a crop take - up device and a crop processing arrangement , such as a cutter head , that receives crop from the crop take - up device . the crop processing arrangement delivers the processed crop to a transverse conveyor , which narrows the stream of crop to the width of the baling chamber inlet . | 0 |
The Hitomi x-ray satellite mission carried unique high-resolution spectrometers that were set to revolutionize the search for sterile neutrino dark matter (DM) by looking for narrow x-ray lines arising from DM decays. Unfortunately, the satellite was lost shortly after launch, and to date the only analysis using Hitomi for DM decay used data taken towards the Perseus cluster. In this work we present a significantly more sensitive search from an analysis of archival Hitomi data towards blank sky locations, searching for DM decaying in our own Milky Way. The recently launched XRISM satellite has nearly identical soft-x-ray spectral capabilities to Hitomi; we project the full-mission sensitivity of XRISM for analyses of their future blank-sky data, and we find that XRISM will have the leading sensitivity to decaying DM for masses between roughly 1 to 18 keV, with important implications for sterile neutrino and heavy axionlike particle DM scenarios. | 9 |
a nozzle having a valve that uses the movement and viscosity of a dispensing substance to move to closure and having no means for retracting the valve results in a single - use nozzle comprising an attachable collar with a curvilinearly extending spout for easy application of dental compounds to one &# 39 ; s teeth either directly or by means of applying to a brush from a general container such as a toothpaste tube . | 1 |
an input device includes : a memory configured to store a length of a finger ; and a processor configured to obtain a depth image that includes a hand and has pixel values corresponding to a distance from a camera to subjects including the hand , detect a hand area that corresponds to the hand from among the subjects , from the depth image , identify a tip end of the hand area and a base of the finger , identify a first three - dimensional position that corresponds to the tip end and a second three - dimensional position that corresponds to the base , based on the pixel values of the depth image , identify a direction from the second three - dimensional position to the first three - dimensional position , calculate a third three - dimensional position that corresponds to a fingertip of the finger based on the direction and the length , and generate an input signal according to the third three - dimensional position . | 6 |
a sinker or float that releasably clamps around a line , such as a fishing line , including two members shaped to define a channel for the line when in a closed position . a locking means is provided to releasably lock the two members in the closed position . each of the members has at least a portion of high or low density material to provide a sinking or floating effect . a jacket may be provided that retains the high or low density material therein . the jacket may also include a hinge portion such that the two members can be hingedly opened and closed . | 0 |
an active filter for reducing the common mode current in a pulse width modulated drive circuit driving a load , said drive circuit comprising an a - c source , a rectifier connected to said a - c source and producing a rectified output voltage connected to a positive d - c bus and a negative d - c bus , a pwm inverter having input terminals coupled to said positive d - c bus and negative d - c bus and having a controlled a - c output , a load driven by said a - c output of said pwm inverter , a ground wire extending from said load , and a current sensor for measuring the common mode current in said drive circuit in said ground wire , said current sensor producing an output current related to said common mode current , said active filter comprising a first and second mosfet transistor , each having first and second main electrodes and a control electrode , and an amplifier driving a respective one of the transistors ; said first electrode of said first and second transistor coupled to a common node , said second electrodes of said first and second transistors being coupled to said positive d - c bus and said negative d - c respectively ; each of said amplifiers having an input coupled to said output of said current sensor and each having an output connected to a respective one of said control electrodes ; and a d - c isolating capacitor connecting said common node of said first electrode of said first and second transistors to said ground wire . | 7 |
a field effect transistor is formed having wrap - around , vertically - aligned , dual gate electrodes . starting with a silicon - on - insulator structure having a buried silicon island , a vertical reference edge is defined , by creating a cavity within the soi structure , and used during two etch - back steps that can be reliably performed . the first etch - back removes a portion of an oxide layer for a first distance over which a gate conductor material is then applied . the second etch - back removes a portion of the gate conductor material for a second distance . the difference between the first and second distances defines the gate length of the eventual device . after stripping away the oxide layers , a vertical gate electrode is revealed that surrounds the buried silicon island on all four side surfaces . | 7 |
a process for preparing an aqueous aminoplastic urea - formaldehyde resin suitable for use in bonding lignocellulosic materials , which provides products of very low formaldehyde emission while maintaining superior performance . | 2 |
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