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a fusible link device and a method of making same . the fusible link device comprising a poly layer having a center undoped portion and two doped end portions . the center undoped portion having a first resistance and the two doped end portions each having a second resistance that is lower than the first resistance . a silicide layer is formed over the poly layer with the silicide layer having a third resistance lower than the second resistance . the silicide layer agglomerating to form an electrical discontinuity within a discontinuity area in response to a predetermined programming potential being applied across the silicide layer , such that the resistance of the fusible link device can be selectively increased . the agglomeration of the silicide layer occurring over the center undoped portion of the poly layer . contacts are electrically coupled to the two doped poly layer end portions for receiving the programming potential . | 7 |
a pad box for conforming the bottom of a shoe to that of a last comprises shoe bottom engaging material , a forepart supporting member and a waist supporting member both engageable with the material , the members being pivotally interconnected , means for adjusting the angle between the members , and a further adjusting means by which both members may be jointly tilted without altering a selected angle of adjustment between the members . additionally , the pad box preferably includes a means for varying the effective length of the waist engaging member . | 0 |
a loudspeaker has a horn adapted to both cause air drag and to direct acoustic waves . a speaker and signal generator are electrically coupled to the speaker and secure to the horn . the loudspeaker is transported over a target and dropped from a high elevation . upon landing the loudspeaker commences broadcasting a message . a shock absorber may secure to the horn and absorbs some of the shock of impact . contact sensors or motions sensors may trigger broadcasting a message from the speaker . a portion of the horn may be expandable to increase the size of the horn upon deployment or upon impact with the ground . | 7 |
a fluidizing mixer works a mixture of materials , such as polyvinyl chloride resin , together with plasticizers and liquid stabilizers and the batch is then discharged at the end of a work cycle of operation . the mixer employs an electrically energized driver which drives a working member , such as a high speed mixing blade , such that electrical energy is expended as work is being performed on the material . during each work cycle of operation the amount of expended electrical energy is sensed for purposes of providing a work signal having a value in accordance with the energy being expended . a work cycle is terminated when the amount of energy being expended to work the material decreases by a given amount . | 1 |
Release of code at time of manuscript submission to GMD. | 9 |
a tunable filter reduces the total number of filters used in tdd communication circuitry . the communication circuitry may include a tunable filter and a first switch associated with the tunable filter . the tunable filter may include a tuning component and a filtering component . the tuning component may be located with the first switch on a first die . the filtering component may be located in a laminate underneath the first switch . power amplifiers for amplifying transmission signals may be located on a second die , and the second die may be located on the laminate . | 7 |
a method for use in the fitting of a hearing aid comprises the steps of providing a sound recording of a user environment , feeding the sound recording to the hearing aid as a sound input signal , processing the sound input signal according to a scheme defined by preselected settings of a number of parameters so as to provide a processed signal , adjusting the setting of at least one parameter , performing a statistical analysis of the magnitude of the processed signal or of the input signal in at least one frequency band , which statistical analysis is reset when a parameter is adjusted during the fitting , and displaying a graphical representation of the results of said statistical analysis . the invention also provides a system for fitting a hearing aid and a hearing aid . | 7 |
Context. The black hole mass measurement in active galaxies is a challenge, particularly in sources where the reverberation method cannot be applied. <BR /> Aims: We aim to determine the black hole mass in a very special object, RE J1034+396, one of the two active galactic nuclei (AGN) with quasi-periodic oscillations detected in X-rays, and a single bright AGN with optical band totally dominated by starlight. <BR /> Methods: We fit the stellar content using the code starlight, and the broad band disk contribution to optical/UV/X-ray emission is modeled with OPTXAGNF. Based on starlight, we develop our own code OPTGAL for simultaneous fitting of the stellar, Fe II, and BC content in the optical/UV/X-ray data. We also determine the black hole mass using several other independent methods. <BR /> Results: Various methods give contradictory results. Most measurements of the black hole mass are in the range 10<SUP>6</SUP>-10<SUP>7</SUP> M<SUB>⊙</SUB>, and the measurements based on dynamics give higher values than measurements based on Hβ and Mg II emission lines. | 9 |
EPOS - Economic Planning and Optimized Selections. This is the souce code to test the decentralized hard constraint satisfaction for Smart Cities. | 9 |
the invention provides a system , a secure device and a method for authenticating dynamically a host device with a secure device without modifying hardware or basic functional software of the host device . an authentication engine implemented in the secure device allows detecting non - authorized host devices or illegal secure devices environment . the secure device is locally connected to the host device comprising at least one processor configured for handling a plurality of hardware or software parameters defining the functioning behavior of the host device . a memory associated to the processor stores a plurality of reference hardware and software parameters . the secure device monitors the behavior of the host device both in terms of hardware and software . after comparison with the reference parameters , the host device is considered as authentic or authorized only when the values of counters associated to the hardware and software parameters are within an acceptable . | 6 |
in a mass spectrometer having an ion source in which analyte substances are ionized by matrix assisted laser desorption and form an ion beam that travels to a parent ion selector for selecting ions to form daughter ions , the ion beam is reflected in at least one reflector prior to the parent ion selector so that only ions that have both the mass of the parent ions and their kinetic energy are allowed to pass to the parent ion selector . by taking this measure , the mass resolution in the daughter ion spectra is also increased ; the improved mass resolution and improved signal - to - noise ratio produce higher sensitivity , even though fewer ions are admitted for analysis in the daughter ion spectrum . | 7 |
a sealed rotary joint and method are described wherein a purge fluid is passed over a tube rotating within an end cap and through a ball bearing component of the joint . a vapor stream including a vaporized glass forming precursor entrained in an oxidizing carrier gas is passed into a rotating optical fiber preform tube through a housing supporting the ball bearing . a stream of the oxidizing carrier gas at a pressure greater than the pressure of the vapor stream can act as the purge fluid . | 2 |
the liquid of a flow cytometer itself acts as an optical waveguide , thus transmitting the light to an optical filter / detector combination . this alternative apparatus and method for detecting scattered light in a flow cytometer is provided by a device which views and detects the light trapped within the optical waveguide formed by the flow stream . a fiber optic or other light collecting device is positioned within the flow stream . this provides enormous advantages over the standard light collection technique which uses a microscope objective . the signal - to - noise ratio is greatly increased over that for right - angle - scattered light collected by a microscope objective , and the alignment requirements are simplified . | 6 |
a hybrid memory device combines a ferromagnetic layer and a hall effect device . the ferromagnetic layer is magnetically coupled to a portion of a hall plate , and when such plate is appropriately biased , a hall effect signal can be generated whose value is directly related to the magnetization state of the ferromagnetic layer . the magnetization state of the ferromagnetic layer can be set to correspond to different values of a data item to be stored in the hybrid memory device . the magnetization state is non - volatile , and a write circuit can be coupled to the ferromagnetic layer to reset or change the magnetization state to a different value . the memory device can also be fabricated to include an associated transistor that functions as an isolation element to reduce cross - talk and as a selector for the output of the device when such is used in a memory array . this latter arrangement also permits a bias supply to be applied to each cell in the array , increasing the output signal level , and the signal to noise ratio . a high resistance element such as a resistor or diode can also be used as the isolation element depending on the particular application . in a preferred embodiment , the hybrid memory device and associated selector are combined and integrally fabricated using conventional semiconductor processing techniques to increase the integration density of memory arrays using such devices . | 6 |
The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model is an active open-source development project of the U.S. EPA that consists of a suite of programs for conducting air quality model simulations. CMAQ combines current knowledge in atmospheric science and air quality modeling, multi-processor computing techniques, and an open-source framework to deliver fast, technically sound estimates of ozone, particulates, toxics and acid deposition. For further information please visit the EPA website for the CMAQ system: www.epa.gov/cmaq CMAQv5.3.2 System Updates CMAQv5.3.2 includes significant updates to the CMAQ Integrated Source Apportionment Method (ISAM) and multiple minor fixes to address issues identified in CMAQv5.3.1. The new CMAQ-ISAM version includes substantial updates to the gas-phase chemistry apportionment algorithms that improves both physical and numerical aspects of the method. Users of ISAM are strongly encouraged to update to CMAQv5.3.2. CMAQv5.3 System Updates Incorporated updated instrumented models: Sulfur Tacking, Integrated Source Apportionment (ISAM) consistent with science process updates. Improvements in computational efficiency of these instrumented techniques have led to substantially faster run times to support their practical applications. A new emissions interface allows for substantial flexibility in the way emissions are mapped, scaled, and checked for quality and can greatly simplify the task of assessing air quality improvements resulting from emission changes. Incorporated updates (new data sources, updated vertical coordinate system) to CMAQ and the Meteorology-Chemistry Interface Processor (MCIPv5.0) to increase scientific consistency between the atmospheric dynamics and chemistry calculations. New Features and Processes in v5.3 Updated marine chemistry to represent impacts of (1) halogen chemistry on ozone depletion and sulfate formation and (2) dimethyl sulfide on aerosol sulfate. Expanded the representation of secondary pollutant formation in clouds (AQCHEM-KMT2). Updated aerosol module (AERO7) that explicitly tracks 84 particulate species . Updated pathways for secondary organic aerosol formation from biogenic VOCs . Harmonized treatment of water uptake to aerosol organic phase to improve representation of aerosol chemistry, mixing, state and optical properties. Improved the representation of bi-directional exchange of ammonia at the surface Improved representation of O3 dry deposition to snow. Incorporated a new deposition module – the Surface Tiled Aerosol and Gaseous Exchange (STAGE) model to estimate land-use specific deposition. | 9 |
Context. Recent spectroscopic explorations of large Galactic stellar samples stars have revealed the existence of red giants with [α/Fe] ratios that are anomalously high, given their relatively young ages. <BR /> Aims: We revisit the GALAH DR3 survey to look for both dwarf and giant stars with extreme [α/Fe] ratios, that is, the upper 1% in the [α/Fe]-[Fe/H] plane over the range in [Fe/H] between −1.1 and +0.4 dex. We refer to these outliers as "exαfe" stars. <BR /> Methods: We used the GALAH DR3 data along with their value-added catalog to trace the properties (chemical abundances, masses, ages, and kinematics) of the exαfe stars. We applied strict criteria to the quality of the determination of the stellar parameters, abundances, and age determinations to select our sample of single stars. We investigated the effects of secular stellar evolution and the magnitude limitations of the GALAH survey to understand the mass and metallicity distributions of the sample stars. Here, we also discuss the corresponding biases in previous studies of stars with high - albeit not extreme - [α/Fe] in other spectroscopic surveys. <BR /> Results: We find both dwarf and giant exαFe stars younger than 3 Gyr, which we refer to as "y-exαfe" stars. Dwarf y-exαFe stars exhibit lithium abundances similar to those of young [α/Fe]-normal dwarfs at the same age and [Fe/H]. In particular, the youngest and most massive stars of both populations exhibit the highest Li abundances, A(Li) ∼ 3.5 dex (i.e., a factor of 2 above the protosolar value), while cooler and older stars exhibit the same Li depletion patterns increasing with both decreasing mass and increasing age. In addition, the [Fe/H] and mass distributions of both the dwarf and giant y-exαFe stars do not differ from those of their [α/Fe]-normal counterparts found in the thin disk and they share the same kinematic properties, with lower eccentricities and velocities with respect to the local standard of rest than old stars of the thick disk. <BR /> Conclusions: We conclude that y-exαFe dwarf and giant stars are indeed young, their mass distribution shows no peculiarity, and they differ from young [α/Fe]-normal stars by their extreme [α/Fe] content only. However, their origins still remain unclear. | 9 |
this invention relates to a novel optoelectronic chip with one or more optoelectronic devices , such as photodiodes , fabricated on a front side of a semiconductor wafer and contacts on a backside of the semiconductor wafer . the backside contacts can be contact bumps , which allow the optoelectronic chip to achieve the benefits of flip chip packaging without flipping the optoelectronic chip upside down with respect to a chip carrier . in an optical communication system , a photodiode chip can be backside bumped to a chip carrier or an electronic chip , allowing front side illumination of the photodiode chip . front side illumination offers many benefits , including improved fiber alignment , reduced manufacturing time , and overall cost reduction . | 7 |
We propose a random forest (RF) machine learning approach to determine the accreted stellar mass fractions (f<SUB>acc</SUB>) of central galaxies, based on various dark matter halo and galaxy features. The RF is trained and tested using 2710 galaxies with stellar mass log<SUB>10</SUB>M<SUB>*</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB> > 10.16 from the TNG100 simulation. Galaxy size is the most important individual feature when calculated in 3-dimensions, which becomes less important after accounting for observational effects. For smaller galaxies, the rankings for features related to merger histories increase. When an entire set of halo and galaxy features are used, the prediction is almost unbiased, with root-mean-square error (RMSE) of ~0.068. A combination of up to three features with different types (galaxy size, merger history, and morphology) already saturates the power of prediction. If using observable features, the RMSE increases to ~0.104, and a combined usage of stellar mass, galaxy size plus galaxy concentration achieves similar predictions. Lastly, when using galaxy density, velocity, and velocity dispersion profiles as features, which approximately represent the maximum amount of information extracted from galaxy images and velocity maps, the prediction is not improved much. Hence, the limiting precision of predicting f<SUB>acc</SUB> is ~0.1 with observables, and the multicomponent decomposition of galaxy images should have similar or larger uncertainties. If the central black hole mass and the spin parameter of galaxies can be accurately measured in future observations, the RMSE is promising to be further decreased by ~20 per cent. | 9 |
Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with jets seen at small viewing angles are the most luminous and abundant objects in the γ-ray sky. AGNs with jets misaligned along the line of sight appear fainter in the sky but are more numerous than the brighter blazars. We calculate the diffuse γ-ray emission due to the population of misaligned AGNs (MAGNs) unresolved by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi). A correlation between the γ-ray luminosity and the radio-core luminosity is established and demonstrated to be physical by statistical tests, as well as compatible with upper limits based on Fermi-LAT data for a large sample of radio-loud MAGNs. We constrain the derived γ-ray luminosity function by means of the source-count distribution of the radio galaxies detected by the Fermi-LAT. We finally calculate the diffuse γ-ray flux due to the whole MAGN population. Our results demonstrate that MAGNs can contribute from 10% up to nearly the entire measured isotropic gamma-ray background. We evaluate a theoretical uncertainty on the flux of almost an order of magnitude. | 9 |
a synthesizer receiver automatically tunes to master stations and associated satellite stations in specified geographical areas by utilizing a data table having the master station data corresponding to a plurality of master frequencies associated with broadcasting stations that are received in each of the plurality of divided geographical areas and also containing satellite data corresponding to one or more satellite frequencies individually associated with each one of the plurality of master stations in the divided geographical areas when such a master station does , in fact , have satellite stations associated with it . when one of the data areas containing the master station and satellite station data for the specified geographical areas is selected , the data is read out and used to control a phase - locked loop of the synthesizer receiver to tune to that station . if the master station is not available , the satellite station can be selected . | 7 |
a luminaire comprising a first hub comprising a first fixed portion rotatably coupled to a first rotor portion , said hub having an internal chamber , accessible through openings on the first fixed portion and the first rotor portion ; a first lamp socket coupled to the first rotor portion of the first hub ; a light rail affixed to the first rotor portion , said light rail having a bore the length of the light rail ; a second hub comprising a second fixed portion rotatably coupled to a second rotor portion ; and a second lamp socket coupled to the second rotor portion of the second hub , wherein a first set of one or more power wires is coupled to the first lamp socket , wherein a second set of power wires is disposed in the opening on the first fixed portion and further into the bore and is coupled to the second socket . | 5 |
the present invention provides a stable , high performance system for driving one or more masses in precise incremental movements . more particularly , the present invention provides a method and system for deriving and implementing motion profiles that govern the movement of one or more masses , such as a printer drum as it is indexed along a rotational path by a stepper motor . | 6 |
a method for programming and erasing charge - trapping memory device is provided . the method includes applying a first negative voltage to a gate causing a dynamic balance state . next , a positive voltage is applied to the gate to program the device . then , a second negative voltage is applied to the gate to restore the device to the reset \ erase state . | 6 |
Simulation-based inference (SBI) is a promising approach to leverage high fidelity cosmological simulations and extract information from the non-Gaussian, non-linear scales that cannot be modeled analytically. However, scaling SBI to the next generation of cosmological surveys faces the computational challenge of requiring a large number of accurate simulations over a wide range of cosmologies, while simultaneously encompassing large cosmological volumes at high resolution. This challenge can potentially be mitigated by balancing the accuracy and computational cost for different components of the the forward model while ensuring robust inference. To guide our steps in this, we perform a sensitivity analysis of SBI for galaxy clustering on various components of the cosmological simulations: gravity model, halo-finder and the galaxy-halo distribution models (halo-occupation distribution, HOD). We infer the $\sigma_8$ and $\Omega_m$ using galaxy power spectrum multipoles and the bispectrum monopole assuming a galaxy number density expected from the luminous red galaxies observed using the Dark Energy Spectroscopy Instrument (DESI). We find that SBI is insensitive to changing gravity model between $N$-body simulations and particle mesh (PM) simulations. However, changing the halo-finder from friends-of-friends (FoF) to Rockstar can lead to biased estimate of $\sigma_8$ based on the bispectrum. For galaxy models, training SBI on more complex HOD leads to consistent inference for less complex HOD models, but SBI trained on simpler HOD models fails when applied to analyze data from a more complex HOD model. Based on our results, we discuss the outlook on cosmological simulations with a focus on applying SBI approaches to future galaxy surveys. | 9 |
three - dimensional , sports - related cover assemblies for propane tanks are provided in order to permit sport - or team - related decoration of the tanks . the cover assemblies may be separable from the tanks or may be integrated and unitized with the tanks . the assemblies have contoured or concavo - convex outer surfaces , which are configured to give the three - dimensional likeness or appearance of a sports - related item , such as athletic head gear , footwear , balls , or other equipment . | 5 |
a behind - the - head mounted personal audio set that allows a mono - aural personal audio device to be worn in either a wearer &# 39 ; s left or right ear without the need to remove or detach individual components of the personal audio sent and mount is disclosed . in a disclosed embodiment , the personal audio device has two earphone portions and the mount allows the audio device to operate in either mono or stereo modes wherein one of the earphones may be moved away from a wearer &# 39 ; s ear when needed , such as when driving . a boom microphone is preferably pivotally secured to one of the earphone portions . | 7 |
a pressure relief valve includes a two - piece housing having therein a generally circular diaphragm backed by a spring biased plate . the outer edge of the diaphragm is captured between the two pieces of the housing and to provide a first sealing area . the central portion of the diaphragm has a circular opening therein with an annular sealing lip formed thereabout . the sealing lip provides a seal when the spring biased plate moves the diaphragm against a flat circular seat . when pressure at the inlet of the housing overcomes the spring biasing force , the diaphragm is moved away from the seat and the gas is relieved through an outlet in the housing . | 5 |
an expandable interspinous process fixation system capable of restoring spinal stability and facilitating fusion . in one embodiment , the expandable interspinous process fixation system includes a central ramp , a first endplate , and a second endplate , the central ramp capable of being moved in a first direction to move the first and second endplates outwardly and into an expanded configuration . each endplate supporting fixed and / or adjustable spinous process engaging plates . | 0 |
a method an apparatus are provided for imparting a sliding capacity to a wire which is fed through at least one loop of a strand of material which has been steeped in a lubricant such as paraffin or wax . preferably , the strand of material is advanced at a speed which is less than the feed speed of the wire . the apparatus includes means for feeding the wire and means for advancing the strand of material around the wire . the apparatus also includes a compensating device which adjusts the tension of the strand of material and a checking device for automatically checking the lubricating operation . | 1 |
a light irradiation apparatus adapted to form an alignment of an lcd device through a photo alignment process is disclosed . the light irradiation apparatus includes a light source generating ultraviolet light , a polarizer polarizing the ultraviolet light generated in the light source , and a filter blocking off the polarized light from the polarizer except an effective wavelength band of light for a photo alignment . | 6 |
robotic and / or surgical devices , systems , and methods include kinematic linkage structures and associated control systems configured to facilitate preparation of the system for use . one or more kinematic linkage sub - systems may include joints that are actively driven , passive , or a mix of both . a set - up mode employs an intuitive user interface in which one or more joints are initially held static by a brake or joint drive system . the user may articulate the joint by manually pushing against the linkage with a force , torque , or the like that exceeds a manual articulation threshold . articulation of the moving joints is facilitated by modifying the signals transmitted to the brake or drive system . the system may sense completion of the reconfiguration from a velocity of the joint falling below a threshold , optionally for a desired dwell time . the system may provide a detent - like manual articulation that is not limited to mechanically pre - defined detent joint configurations . embodiments of the invention provide , and can be particularly well - suited for manual movement of a platform supporting a plurality of surgical manipulators in a robotic surgical system or the like without having to add additional input devices . | 0 |
an apparatus used to control a workpiece inside a vacuum chamber . the workpiece is supported on a workpiece holder in the vacuum chamber . the workpiece is isolated from the atmosphere outside of the vacuum chamber by differentially pumped vacuum seals and an integral air bearing support . the differentially pumped vacuum seals and integral air bearing support allow for multiple independent motions to be transmitted to the workpiece supported by the workpiece holder . the workpiece holder motions provided are rotation about the x axis , translation back and forth along the y direction of an x - y plane on the surface of the workpiece holder , and rotation of the workpiece in the x - y plane about its z axis . concentric seals , oval for the translation motion and circular for the rotational motion , are differentially pumped through common ports to provide successively decreasing pressure and gas flow in order to reduce the gas load into the vacuum vessel to a negligible rate . | 7 |
it has now been found that tetrahydrocortisol alone , when in solution or in the form of nanoparticles , or a combination of compounds where each affects intraocular pressure by a different mechanism of action is especially valuable for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure and glaucoma , especially in the resistant patient . with such a combination , each compound may be present at a reduced concentration , even to a sub - therapeutic level , thus decreasing or eliminating troublesome side effects while the combined effect on reducing intraocular pressure remains in the therapeutically useful range . | 0 |
a lubrication system for an internal combustion engine includes a variable displacement oil pump supported on the engine block and connected to draw oil from the oil pan and to supply pressurized oil to various engine components . the pump defines variable displacement pumping chambers for carrying oil from an inlet to a pressurized outlet . an exemplary embodiment includes a vane pump with a feedback displacement control using pressure from the lubrication system to actuate a slide ring in the pump to control the pump output . numerous features of the pump are disclosed . | 5 |
a motor vehicle body includes an a - pillar panel , an outer skin body panel , which together with an edge of the a - pillar panel delimits a gap . a windshield is adjacent to a longitudinal edge of the a - pillar panel . a filler piece has a first portion which fills out the gap and a second portion which conceals a gap between the longitudinal edge of the a - pillar panel and the windshield . | 1 |
a music bell striking snowflakes in a crystal ball includes an upper rotary mechanism , a lower rotary mechanism and a crystal ball . the music bell rotates not only a gear ring tray of the lower rotary mechanism on the bottom portion and a doll disposed on a rotary tray of the upper rotary mechanism , but also a magnet gear inside the crystal ball to cause water flow therein according to the principle of magnetic repulsion , so as to create a beautiful and dynamic scene of floating snowflakes . | 6 |
disclosed herein are compounds having a formula : therapeutic methods , medicaments , and compositions related thereto are also disclosed . | 2 |
a hypodermic syringe of the automatic , or self - aspirating , type for use in combination with cartridge ampoules closed at one end by a diaphragm pierceable by a double - ended hypodermic needle and closed at the other end by a slidable piston consists of a syringe holder adapted to generate aspirating conditions within the cartridge ampoule by the slight backward displacement of the slidable piston by means of a double plunger , one slidable within , and biased against , the other , the inner plunger being positively interengaged with the slidable piston of the cartridge ampoule , and axial movement of the outer plunger being positively restricted by means for locking the other plunger with a collet in the end of the syringe holder . | 0 |
The Interface Region Imaging Spectrometer (IRIS) is the first solar instrument to observe ~10 MK plasma at subarcsecond spatial resolution through imaging spectroscopy of the Fe XXI λ1354.1 forbidden line. IRIS observations of the X1 class flare that occurred on 2014 March 29 at 17:48 UT reveal Fe XXI emission from both the flare ribbons and the post-flare loop arcade. Fe XXI appears at all of the chromospheric ribbon sites, although typically with a delay of one raster (75 s) and sometimes offset by up to 1''. 100-200 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> blue-shifts are found at the brightest ribbons, suggesting hot plasma upflow into the corona. The Fe XXI ribbon emission is compact with a spatial extent of <2'', and can extend beyond the chromospheric ribbon locations. Examples are found of both decreasing and increasing blue-shift in the direction away from the ribbon locations, and blue-shifts were present for at least six minutes after the flare peak. The post-flare loop arcade, seen in Atmospheric Imaging Assembly 131 Å filtergram images that are dominated by Fe XXI, exhibited bright loop-tops with an asymmetric intensity distribution. The sizes of the loop-tops are resolved by IRIS at >=1'', and line widths in the loop-tops are not broader than in the loop-legs suggesting the loop-tops are not sites of enhanced turbulence. Line-of-sight speeds in the loop arcade are typically <10 km s<SUP>-1</SUP>, and mean non-thermal motions fall from 43 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> at the flare peak to 26 km s<SUP>-1</SUP> six minutes later. If the average velocity in the loop arcade is assumed to be at rest, then it implies a new reference wavelength for the Fe XXI line of 1354.106 ± 0.023 Å. | 9 |
Classification of stars, by comparing their optical spectra to a few dozen spectral standards, has been a workhorse of observational astronomy for more than a century. Here, we extend this technique by compiling a library of optical spectra of 404 touchstone stars observed with Keck/HIRES by the California Planet Search. The spectra have high resolution (R ≈ 60,000), high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ≈ 150/pixel), and are registered onto a common wavelength scale. The library stars have properties derived from interferometry, asteroseismology, LTE spectral synthesis, and spectrophotometry. To address a lack of well-characterized late-K dwarfs in the literature, we measure stellar radii and temperatures for 23 nearby K dwarfs, using modeling of the spectral energy distribution and Gaia parallaxes. This library represents a uniform data set spanning the spectral types ∼M5-F1 (T <SUB>eff</SUB> ≈ 3000-7000 K, R <SUB>⋆</SUB> ≈ 0.1-16 R <SUB>⊙</SUB>). We also present “Empirical SpecMatch” (SpecMatch-Emp), a tool for parameterizing unknown spectra by comparing them against our spectral library. For FGKM stars, SpecMatch-Emp achieves accuracies of 100 K in effective temperature (T <SUB>eff</SUB>), 15% in stellar radius (R <SUB>⋆</SUB>), and 0.09 dex in metallicity ([Fe/H]). Because the code relies on empirical spectra it performs particularly well for stars ∼K4 and later, which are challenging to model with existing spectral synthesizers, reaching accuracies of 70 K in T <SUB>eff</SUB>, 10% in R <SUB>⋆</SUB>, and 0.12 dex in [Fe/H]. We also validate the performance of SpecMatch-Emp, finding it to be robust at lower spectral resolution and S/N, enabling the characterization of faint late-type stars. Both the library and stellar characterization code are publicly available. | 9 |
techniques for reducing the computational complexity of conventional similarity - based approaches for temporal event clustering of digital photograph collections include one or more approaches to select boundaries based on dynamic programming and the bayes information criterion . each method performs competitively with conventional approaches and offer significant computational savings . | 6 |
the cannula support includes a helical cord flexible along its length to permit selective axial displacement of adjacent coils for insertion of a cannula tube therein and a breathable material that permits prolonged skin contact substantially without irritation . furthermore , the cannula support includes an exterior surface having a coefficient of friction substantially preventing sliding movement along the length of the cannula tube when mounted thereon . | 0 |
this invention relates to an electronic commerce software catalog system and a method of use . this electronic catalog system is specifically designed to provide the electronic shoppers with a customer - centric , virtual shopping experience by first facilitating the creation of customer - personas and their catalog - content affinities by a &# 34 ; sales representative &# 34 ;, secondly facilitating the persona - association based configuration of a &# 34 ; customer - actor &# 34 ;, by the actual &# 34 ; shopper &# 34 ;. thirdly , the shopper selects an &# 34 ; on - the - desktop &# 34 ; computer directed &# 34 ; sales - advisor &# 34 ;, that generates advice on catalog navigation , product applications and product function that is tuned to the proxy customer &# 39 ; s configured personality and specific needs . | 6 |
apparatus , and a related method , for converting digital signals directly to radio - frequency analog signals . the apparatus includes a single high - speed delta - sigma modulator and an integrated upsampler that increases the data rate of digital input samples by a selected factor , such as nine times . the delta - sigma modulator is configured to include a feedback multiplier coefficients that are selected to greatly facilitate operation of associated adders . at least one critical adder includes a carry - select adder modification that further speeds up the add operation and ensures that the apparatus operates at desirably high frequencies . | 7 |
the present invention is concerned with a method of imparting storage stability to aromatic isocyanato sulphonic acids and to the stabilized mixtures so prepared . the aromatic isocyanates are combined with liquids which are non - polar , inert non - solvents having boiling points above 90 ° c . either before or after they are sulphonated to prepare the acids . the stabilized mixtures contain between about 80 to 10 wt . % of the inert liquids and about 20 to 80 wt . % of the acids . | 2 |
a low - power cathode can be obtained by arranging it on a substrate , preferably of silicon , which is entirely or partly removed at the location of the emissive structure by means of , for example , anisotropic etching . because of its low power , the cathode is particularly suitable for multi - beam applications . | 8 |
Wavelength-dependent atmospheric effects impact photometric supernova flux measurements for ground-based observations. We present corrections on supernova flux measurements from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program's 5YR sample (DES-SN5YR) for differential chromatic refraction (DCR) and wavelength-dependent seeing, and we show their impact on the cosmological parameters w and Ω<SUB> m </SUB>. We use g - i colors of Type Ia supernovae to quantify astrometric offsets caused by DCR and simulate point-spread functions (PSFs) using the GalSIM package to predict the shapes of the PSFs with DCR and wavelength-dependent seeing. We calculate the magnitude corrections and apply them to the magnitudes computed by the DES-SN5YR photometric pipeline. We find that for the DES-SN5YR analysis, not accounting for the astrometric offsets and changes in the PSF shape cause an average bias of +0.2 mmag and -0.3 mmag, respectively, with standard deviations of 0.7 mmag and 2.7 mmag across all DES observing bands (griz) throughout all redshifts. When the DCR and seeing effects are not accounted for, we find that w and Ω<SUB> m </SUB> are lower by less than 0.004 ± 0.02 and 0.001 ± 0.01, respectively, with 0.02 and 0.01 being the 1σ statistical uncertainties. Although we find that these biases do not limit the constraints of the DES-SN5YR sample, future surveys with much higher statistics, lower systematics, and especially those that observe in the u band will require these corrections as wavelength-dependent atmospheric effects are larger at shorter wavelengths. We also discuss limitations of our method and how they can be better accounted for in future surveys. | 9 |
We have obtained structural parameters of about 340 000 galaxies from the Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS) in 153 deg<SUP>2</SUP> of data release 1, 2, and 3. We have performed a seeing convolved 2D single Sérsic fit to the galaxy images in the four photometric bands (u, g, r, i) observed by KiDS, by selecting high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N > 50) systems in every bands. We have classified galaxies as spheroids and disc-dominated by combining their spectral energy distribution properties and their Sérsic index. Using photometric redshifts derived from a machine learning technique, we have determined the evolution of the effective radius, R<SUB>e</SUB> and stellar mass, M<SUB>⋆</SUB>, versus redshift, for both mass complete samples of spheroids and disc-dominated galaxies up to z∼0.6. Our results show a significant evolution of the structural quantities at intermediate redshift for the massive spheroids (log M<SUB>*</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB> > 11, Chabrier IMF), while almost no evolution has found for less massive ones (log M<SUB>*</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB> < 11). On the other hand, disc dominated systems show a milder evolution in the less massive systems (log M<SUB>*</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB> < 11) and possibly no evolution of the more massive systems. These trends are generally consistent with predictions from hydrodynamical simulations and independent datasets out to redshift z ∼ 0.6, although in some cases the scatter of the data is large to drive final conclusions. These results, based on 1/10 of the expected KiDS area, reinforce precedent finding based on smaller statistical samples and show the route towards more accurate results, expected with the the next survey releases. | 9 |
a sales matching system which may match sales of products or services with consummated sales by collecting selected leads from a group of lead suppliers , collecting a plurality of sales records from multiple sales sources , and matching at least some of the sales records to selected leads . the matches may be assigned a matching confidence , and may reach a threshold level of confidence to be considered a matched sale . the system may also generate invoices to selected sellers identifying invoice - able sales for which compensation may be obtained in exchange for providing leads giving rise thereto . | 6 |
thermal dye - transfer type recording sheet , having a coating layer which is placed on a base sheet , is contacted with a coloring material layer being solid or semisolid state at room temperature and on which a coloring material is transferred selectively by heating , wherein said coating layer comprises at least mixture of saturated polyester and polyvinyl pyrrolidone in a particular ratio . the sheet provides a very clear record with superior light fastness . | 8 |
This code is a supplement for for the paper "Bloch oscillations in the magnetoconductance of twisted bilayer graphene" arXiv:2203.01858 [2203.01858] Bloch oscillations in the magnetoconductance of twisted bilayer graphene (arxiv.org). The file conductance_oscillations_mode_sum_annotated.py contains code to calculate the conductance as a function of magnetic flux for K and K-prime valleys. The file conductance_data_file_to_plot_convertion.ipynb demonstrates how the data can be loaded to make plots. | 9 |
the present invention relates to a substrate for an organic light - emitting diode , a method for manufacturing the same , and an organic light - emitting diode comprising the same , and more particularly , to a substrate for an organic light - emitting diode , the substrate having excellent productivity and manufacturing efficiency as well as an improved light extraction efficiency , a method for manufacturing the same , and an organic light - emitting diode comprising the same . to this end , the present invention provides a substrate for an organic - light emitting diode , the substrate being disposed on one side of the organic light - emitting diode from which light irradiated thereby is emitted outside , the substrate comprising : a base plate ; a light - scattering layer comprising a plurality of light - scattering particles , the light - scattering layer being formed on the base plate ; and a transparent conductive film formed on the light - scattering layer , wherein a part of , or all of the pores formed between the plurality of light - scattering particles are filled with metal oxides forming the transparent conductive film ; a method for manufacturing the same ; and an organic light - emitting diode comprising the same . | 7 |
device , method , and system for recording diffractive high resolution text , pictorial , and / or other graphical information is provided which is particularly suited to recording information that would be difficult to reproduce by typical counterfeiting methods . the information recorded may be used to authenticate the recorded item , or indirectly , an item to which the recording is attached . such items may include legal , financial and commercial instruments , credit cards , and packaging for such items as software , art , and other items where forgery of the item may be a concern . in one embodiment of the invention light is selectively passed by a shutter , and a spatial filter then cleans the beam to remove undesirable frequency components . a liquid crystal display dynamically receives a data stream from a computer where each of the displayed data values presents an optical characteristic to the filtered beam and causes diffraction into a plurality of diffracted beams , the character of which is dependent on the data displayed . a mask selectively passes only predetermined ones of the beams so that only frequency components that will generate the desired optical interference fringes are allowed to pass . additional optical components receive the passed beams and redirect them to overlap at an output plane to form interference fringes . these interference fringes can have a very high spatial frequency so that extremely fine lines or small objects , including text and graphics , can be recorded . | 6 |
a mass spectrometer possessing both high resolution and durability in a simple , compact structure compared to mass spectrometers of the related art , and characterized in possessing a linear ion trap unit containing a multipolar rod electrode including rod electrodes having fine orifices to allow passage of electrons or ions ; a mechanism to move the ions inside the linear ion trap unit along the axis of the multipolar rod electrode ; and a detector to selectively detect by mass , ions ejected from the linear ion trap unit . | 7 |
a propellant magazine for a propellant - operated setting tool and including a pocket foil having a plurality of recessed , spaced from each other , pockets for receiving each a propellant , a cover foil unreleasably connected with the pocket foil for closing the pockets , and an electrically conducting strip associated with each pocket and having at least one contact point . | 1 |
a descent control device to facilitate rapid descent and abseil maneuvers , including a body , a handle integrally affixed to the body to define a longitudinal axis for the device , an attachment lug disposed on the body , and a combination of through holes through the body through which a safety line is threadably inserted in a specific pattern , and shallow channels between the through holes , thereby giving rise to configurations that allow the safety line to payout freely through the descent device , to be locked in relation to the descent device , or to payout in a controlled pace , all configurations depending on the orientation of the longitudinal axis of the device to the anchored upper portion of the safety line . | 0 |
a balloon for use in compressing cancellous bone and marrow against the inner cortex of bones whether the bones are fractured or not . the balloon comprises an inflatable , non - expandable balloon body for insertion into said bone . the body has a shape and size to compress at least a portion of the cancellous bone to form a cavity in the cancellous bone and to restore the original position of the outer cortical bone , if fractured or collapsed . the balloon is prevented from applying excessive pressure to the outer cortical bone . the wall or walls of the balloon are such that proper inflation the balloon body is achieved to provide for optimum compression of all the bone marrow . the balloon is able to be folded so that it can be inserted quickly into a bone . the balloon can be made to have a suction catheter . the main purpose of the balloon is the forming or enlarging of a cavity or passage in a bone , especially in , but not limited to , vertebral bodies . | 0 |
a programmable logic device in a microprocessor system is programmed with minimal load on system resources . a microprocessor reads programming data from a first memory using a parallel bussed interface and writes the programming data to a programming hardware assist engine using the parallel bussed interface . the programming hardware assist engine directs a portion of the programming data to a specified serial interface signal , and outputs a serial bit stream from the programming hardware assist engine to a serial programming interface of the pld using the specified serial interface signal . | 6 |
a method for supporting the traffics with different quality of service by a high speed downlink packet access system is provided by incorporating the features of the high speed downlink packet access system and by means of the implementation for supporting the traffics with different qos by the third generation of mobile communication system rel99 system . the method for supporting provides mapping and configuring of the parameters of qos in the system . queues for storing the data of different transport channels are added in a media access control layer of a base station in the high speed downlink packet access system . a queue scheduling method is designed to ensure the requirements of the traffics with different qos . | 7 |
a chip package having an array of leads , wherein successive leads are staggered in all three dimensions relative to one another . such a staggered arrangement permits a large number of leads available in a confined space while maintaining the minimum separation necessary between adjacent leads . the leads are formed by placing asymmetric top and bottom masks on a lead frame , and partially etching the top of the lead frame , while partially and over etching the bottom of the lead frame . although the resulting leads are staggering in three dimensions , no additional processing steps are needed beyond those used to fabricate conventional packages . | 7 |
multi - layer , microporous polyolefin sheet materials are provided . the sheet materials comprise at least two microporous polyolefin layers , the layers being autogenously bonded and having substantially the same porosity as prior to bonding . | 1 |
See the changelog for release notes. | 9 |
an information providing apparatus includes following components . a storing unit stores marker image identification information , an image feature of a marker placed area , related information , and disclosure limitation information indicating whether the related information is to be disclosed to specific users in an image information memory . a user information memory stores user identification information identifying a user and privilege information indicating a privilege of the user . an obtaining unit obtains , from an information terminal , user identification information and a target image . a search unit searches the image information memory for marker image identification information of a marker image having an image feature similar to that included in the target image . a providing unit provides , if the corresponding disclosure limitation information indicates limited disclosure and the corresponding privilege information indicates that access to the retrieved related information is permitted , the corresponding related information to the information terminal . | 7 |
a medical instrument for placement of a knot , in particular , for operating within closed spaces . with the use of such instrument , the thread can be held , guided and / or manipulated at least on one side of the knot and adjacent thereto by an instrument head in such a way that the knot can be pushed into the vicinity of a target point and placed exactly in the target point by spreading at least one free end of the thread . | 0 |
The extension of the cosmic-ray spectrum beyond 1 petaelectronvolt (PeV; 10<SUP>15</SUP> electronvolts) indicates the existence of the so-called PeVatrons—cosmic-ray factories that accelerate particles to PeV energies. We need to locate and identify such objects to find the origin of Galactic cosmic rays<SUP>1</SUP>. The principal signature of both electron and proton PeVatrons is ultrahigh-energy (exceeding 100 TeV) γ radiation. Evidence of the presence of a proton PeVatron has been found in the Galactic Centre, according to the detection of a hard-spectrum radiation extending to 0.04 PeV (ref. <SUP>2</SUP>). Although γ-rays with energies slightly higher than 0.1 PeV have been reported from a few objects in the Galactic plane<SUP>3-6</SUP>, unbiased identification and in-depth exploration of PeVatrons requires detection of γ-rays with energies well above 0.1 PeV. Here we report the detection of more than 530 photons at energies above 100 teraelectronvolts and up to 1.4 PeV from 12 ultrahigh-energy γ-ray sources with a statistical significance greater than seven standard deviations. Despite having several potential counterparts in their proximity, including pulsar wind nebulae, supernova remnants and star-forming regions, the PeVatrons responsible for the ultrahigh-energy γ-rays have not yet been firmly localized and identified (except for the Crab Nebula), leaving open the origin of these extreme accelerators. | 9 |
the present invention relates to a gas generator device used in automobile safety to inflate an airbag . this device is characterized in that it comprises at least one gas source for inflating the airbag and at least one gas outlet orifice , called the first orifice , for gas to flow into the airbag , characterized in that it includes means for making the gas pass through other gas outlet orifices , called second orifices , which are distributed over the device so that it is given a neutral - thrust configuration when it is initiated , although not in service , the device also including means for closing off these second orifices when the device is in service , so that when the device is initiated , the gas passes via the first outlet orifice . | 1 |
the film is composed of an alternate lamination of unit iron layers and unit layers of ferromagnetic iron compound such as fe 3 al , fe 3 si , fe 3 ge and fe 3 ga . the thickness of the both unit layers is less than 70 å . the film has a high saturation magnetization more than 230 emu / g and a high thermal stability so that the film is particularly applicable to a magnetic head core . | 8 |
a method is provided for treating an individual afflicted with an impulse - control disorder by administering thereto an amount of one or more opioid receptor antagonists . | 0 |
the present invention is a fibrin sealant and a method for producing a fibrin sealant from fish blood . whole blood is drawn from the donor fish and centifuged to separate blood cells from plasma . prothrombin and fibrinogen are extracted from this plasma , and the prothrombin is activated to thrombin . the fibrinogen and thrombin components are then combined as needed to form the fibrin sealant . | 8 |
a materials structure is presented which is based on the insertion of preformed nanocrystals of arbitrary shape on or into a non - crystalline , non - hydrocarbon barrier layer . embodiments of the structure include a variety of barrier layers and contacts , which can be layered . when the structure is used as a detector or a solar cell , transport of charged carriers created in the nanocrystals during the absorption process occurs through quantum mechanical tunneling , thermionic emission or diffusion to electronic contacts . one embodiment of such a structure is a photovoltaic device , where a built - in bias is established using different contact materials and barrier layers . the structure can also be used as a modulator or emitter . the invention may consist of many structures stacked and sharing adjacent contact regions , where individual layers are tuned to absorb , emit or modulate light at a specific frequency or groups of frequencies . | 7 |
a feeding apparatus configured to be supplied with electric - power from a noncontact power - feeding module and to feed electric - power to a power - feeding object , the feeding apparatus , includes : an electric - current variation detecting block configured to detect variation of power - feeding electric - current supplied from this noncontact power - feeding module ; a battery configured to assist supply of electric - power from the noncontact power - feeding module ; and a charger configured to perform setting for boosting , based on a request from the electric - current variation detecting block , wherein the battery assists supply of electric - power when the setting for boosting is performed . | 7 |
Young massive stars are usually found embedded in dense and massive molecular clumps which are known for being highly obscured and distant. During their formation process, the degree of deuteration can be used as a potential indicator of the very early formation stages. This is particularly effective when employing the abundance of H<SUB>2</SUB>D<SUP>+</SUP>. However, its low abundances and large distances make detections in massive sources hard to achieve. We present an application of the radiative transfer code POLARIS, with the goal to test the observability of the ortho-H<SUB>2</SUB>D<SUP>+</SUP> transition 1<SUB>10</SUB>-1<SUB>11</SUB> (∼372.42 GHz) using simulations of high-mass collapsing cores that include deuteration chemistry. We analyzed an early and a late stage of the collapse of a 60 M<SUB>⊙</SUB> core, testing different source distances. For all cases, we generated synthetic single-dish and interferometric observations and studied the differences in both techniques. The column densities we derive are comparable to values reported for similar sources. These estimates depend on the extent over which they are averaged, and sources with compact emission they can be highly affected by beam dilution. Combined ALMA-ACA observations improve in signal-to-noise ratio and lead to better column density estimates as compared to ALMA alone. We confirm the feasibility to study ortho-H<SUB>2</SUB>D<SUP>+</SUP> emission up to distances of ∼7 kpc. We provide a proof-of-concept of our framework for synthetic observations and highlight its importance when comparing numerical simulations with real observations. This work also proves how relevant it is to combine single-dish and interferometric measurements to derive appropriate source column densities. | 9 |
blocking zones of a surveillance system are configured to prevent false alarms caused by motion within the zones , while allowing tracking of objects through the zones . an object that first appears within a blocking zone is not considered to be a reportable object until the object leaves the zone . all reportable objects are tracked , without regard to the blocking zones . objects that remain within their initial blocking zone are not deemed to be reportable objects , and therefore do not generate alarms . if an object initially appears within overlapping zones , the object is not deemed to be reportable until it leaves each of the zones at least once . the blocking zones do not mask the video images , and thus a complete record of activity is available for forensic purposes . | 6 |
We use numerical simulations to analyse the stellar bar evolution in spinning dark matter (DM) haloes. Previous works have shown the halo spin has a substantial effect on bar evolution and can lead to bar dissolution following the vertical buckling instability. We invoke the DM spin sequence, λ = 0-0.09, and study the effect of DM density along this λ sequence by varying compactness of DM halo. We find that (1) varying DM density has a profound effect on bar evolution along λ sequence. (2) For λ ≳ 0.045, the buckling has been delayed progressively. (3) Stellar bars remain near maximal strength, and their amplitude plateau stage extends over 0.7-5 Gyr, terminating with the buckling. (4) Although stellar bars remain strong during the plateau, their pattern speed and size stay nearly constant. This unusual behaviour of stellar bars follows from highly reduced gravitational torques due to DM bar being aligned with the stellar bar. The orbital analysis shows that delayed buckling results from slow evolution of stellar oscillations along bar major and vertical axes, thus postponing the action of the vertical 2:1 resonance which pumps the rotational energy into vertical motions. (5) Peanut/boxy-shaped bulges form at the beginning of the plateau and grow with time. (6) Finally, strong bars in spinning haloes can avoid fast braking, resolving the long-standing discrepancy between observations and N-body simulations. This behaviour of stellar bars along the λ and DM density sequences reveals a wealth of stellar bar properties which require additional study. | 9 |
sputtered coatings of gradient thicknesses are produced by employing a foraminous mask between the cathode and the substrate . the size of openings in the foraminous mask may be varied in different areas to provide versatility in controlling the gradient patterns . the invention is particularly suitable for producing gradient electroconductive heating films on transparencies . | 2 |
the invention relates generally to oil and gas exploration and production and , more particularly , to a system and associated method for producing hydrocarbons from multiple layers of subterranean formations , and the mixing or comingling of such hydrocarbons as necessary or desired during the production process . a subterranean tool is disclosed , having a plurality of tubular sections connected by a novel non - threaded linear connection system . an electrical passage can then be provided within the cylinder wall of contiguous sections permitting connection of electronics in different sections of the tool . bushings and seals located in the electrical passage maintain an atmospheric pressure environment for electrical components inside the tool . | 4 |
a cassette type recording and / or reproducing apparatus having a chassis in which a cassette is mounted on an upper surface thereof . an upper surface of the chassis is formed with a recess in whcih a pair of reels and a gear machanism including a plurality of gears to actuate the pair of reels to rotate are mounted from an above direction , thus reducing a height dimension of the entire apparatus and achieving an easy assembly operation with fewer parts and less labor time for the assembly of the apparatus . | 6 |
7 - oxabicycloheptane hydroxamic acid derivatives are disclosed having the general formula ## str1 ## wherein r 1 is hydrogen , lower alkyl , aryl , aralkyl or alkenyl ; r 2 is hydrogen , lower alkyl , alkanoyl or aroyl ; r 3 is lower alkyl , alkenyl or alkynyl ; a is -- ch 2 -- ch ═ ch -- or a single bond ; and n is an integer from 0 to 9 , with the proviso that when a is a single bond , n is an integer from 1 to 9 ; and including all stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof . these new compounds have been found to simultaneously inhibit the arachidonic acid enzymes cyclooxygenase and 5 - lipoxygenase and are therefore useful as antiinflammatory , antiasthma and antipsoriatic agents . | 2 |
a multi - part lead frame die assembly is disclosed including a die bonded to a die paddle . a second lead frame including leads is superimposed and bonded onto the first lead frame . also disclosed is a method for fabricating the multi - part lead frame assembly which utilizes equipment designed for single lead frame processing . if desired , the materials for the multi - part lead frame may be dissimilar . | 7 |
a self - tightening chuck mechanism is disclosed . the chuck mechanism has a jaw mechanism with a jaw elements which are slidably disposed within corresponding channels defined in a rotatable body . a threaded socket member , which is configured to be rotated in first or second directions relative to the jaw elements is rotatably disposed about and engaged with the jaw elements . an impact assembly is configured to interface with the threaded body to apply anti - rotational forces to the socket member to prevent rotation of the socket member to close the jaws when rotated in a first direction and open the jaws when rotated in a second direction . the thrust bearing is configured to apply a first set of forces to socket member when the socket member is relatively rotated in the first direction and a second set of forces when the socket member is rotated in a second direction . | 1 |
Since the asteroseismic revolution, the availability of efficient and reliable methods to extract stellar-oscillation mode parameters has been an important part of modern stellar physics. In the fields of helio- and asteroseismology, these methods are usually referred to as peakbagging. Here, we introduce the apollinaire module, a new Python 3 open-source Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) framework dedicated to peakbagging. We extensively describe the theoretical framework necessary to understand MCMC peakbagging methods for disk-integrated helio- and asteroseismic observations. In particular, we present the models that are used to estimate the posterior probability function in a peakbagging framework. A description of the apollinaire module is then provided. We explain how the module enables stellar background, p-mode global pattern, and individual-mode parameter extraction. By taking into account instrumental specificities, stellar inclination angle, rotational splittings, and asymmetries, the module allows a large variety of p-mode models to be fitted that are suited for solar and stellar data analysis with different instruments. After presenting a validation of the module with a Monte Carlo fitting trial on synthetic data, it is benchmarked by comparing its outputs with results obtained with other peakbagging codes. We present our analysis of the power spectral density (PSD) of 89 one-year subseries of GOLF observations. We also selected six stars from the Kepler LEGACY sample in order to demonstrate the code abilities on asteroseismic data. The parameters we extract with apollinaire are in good agreement with those presented in the literature and demonstrate the precision and reliability of the module. | 9 |
method and apparatus for processing payment transactions using debit card numbers without the requirement of a personal identification number is disclosed . a telepay system of the present invention provides an interface between a standard touchtone telephone and at least one debit card network such that real - time bill payment transactions may be effected using a keypad of the telephone . the telepay system includes an interactive voice response unit for prompting a payor to enter an access code , account number , debit card number and payment amount and for informing the user of the status of the transaction . real - time processing of transactions is provided through use of debit card networks , rather than the automated clearing house . the telepay system is also capable of performing settlement functions and processing inquiries by payees of the system regarding previously processed transactions . | 6 |
a device for guiding and supporting the cable for actuating a front derailleur for bicycles . the device provides the cable guide parts with alternative cable routing paths , wherein the cable guide parts are securely connected to the connecting arm . the cable clamping screw for clamping the control cable is housed in a space saving manner in an opening in the cable guide part , wherein a direct transfer of the actuating forces to the connecting arm is possible with small frictional losses . | 1 |
a highly specific assay for plasma vitamin b 12 levels in humans is disclosed . the assay employs intrinsic factor preparations obtained from mouse or rat stomachs , which intrinsic factors are free of r - protein and thus react specifically with vitamin b 12 in a competitive binding assay . detection of vitamin b 12 levels is utilized in the diagnosis of several clinical disorders , such as pernicious anemia , a disease state which results in reduced circulating levels of vitamin b 12 in the blood . | 6 |
No description provided. | 9 |
The search for intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in the centre of globular clusters is often based on the observation of a central cusp in the surface brightness profile and a rise towards the centre in the velocity dispersion profiles. Similar signatures, however, could result from other effects, that need to be taken into account in order to determine the presence (or the absence) of an IMBH in these stellar systems. Following our previous exploration of the role of radial anisotropy in shaping these observational signatures, we analyse here the effects produced by the presence of a population of centrally concentrated stellar-mass black holes. We fit dynamical models to ω Cen data, and we show that models with {∼ } 5{ per cent} of their mass in black holes (consistent with {∼ } 100{ per cent} retention fraction after natal kicks) can reproduce the data. When simultaneously considering both radial anisotropy and mass segregation, the best-fit model includes a smaller population of remnants, and a less extreme degree of anisotropy with respect to the models that include only one of these features. These results underline that before conclusions about putative IMBHs can be made, the effects of stellar-mass black holes and radial anisotropy need to be properly accounted for. | 9 |
a puzzle apple slicer which cuts an apple or similar fruit or vegetable portions thereof into wedges by radial blades each having a protrusion forming interfit channels and ridges in adjacent sides of the wedges to interlock the wedges together . | 1 |
methods for the transport and hybridization of a nucleic acid on an electrode device by providing a low conductivity buffer with a reducing agent to the device . the low conductivity buffer may also contain a zwitterion . a current and voltage is applied to a location of the device to effect electrophoretic transportation of the nucleic acid towards the location . the nucleic acid is then hybridized to a nucleic probed located at the location . the reducing agent in the low conductivity buffer may also be acting as a chaotropic agent . | 2 |
an adjustable base for supporting a selected one of a plurality of needlework frames of different sizes includes an h - shaped structure and slider plates which are receivable in the end recesses of the h - shaped structure , each slider plate carrying a support arm which is attachable to an end of the needlework frame . when changing from one frame to a different frame of a different size , the slider plates are easily adjusted in or out to vary the distance between the support arms to accommodate the new frame . | 3 |
the present invention relates to an electronic device including electronic circuitry , wherein the circuitry includes a first switching transistor being adapted to serve as an integrated switch , and a first clamp transistor being coupled to the first switching transistor and being adapted to protect the first switching transistor if an esd event occurs . | 7 |
We present the BACCO project, a simulation framework specially designed to provide highly-accurate predictions for the distribution of mass, galaxies, and gas as a function of cosmological parameters. In this paper, we describe our main suite of gravity-only simulations ($L\sim 2\,$ Gpc and 4320<SUP>3</SUP> particles) and present various validation tests. Using a cosmology-rescaling technique, we predict the non-linear mass power spectrum over the redshift range 0 < z < 1.5 and over scales $10^{-2} \lt k/(\, h\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}) \lt 5$ for 800 points in an eight-dimensional cosmological parameter space. For an efficient interpolation of the results, we build an emulator and compare its predictions against several widely-used methods. Over the whole range of scales considered, we expect our predictions to be accurate at the $2{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ level for parameters in the minimal Lambda cold dark matter model and to $3{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ when extended to dynamical dark energy and massive neutrinos. We make our emulator publicly available under http://www.dipc.org/bacco | 9 |
the present invention relates generally to muscle cramp and / or muscle stiffness and to a method for treating same . more particularly , the present invention provides a method for treating and / or reducing the likelihood of developing cram and / or muscle stiffness in a subject and to compositions effective in the treatment and / or prophylaxis of muscle cramp and / or muscle stiffness . | 0 |
there is provided a winding to be wound at a stator of a rotary electric machine . the winding is produced from a flat wire having a rectangular cross section along a plane perpendicular to a length - wise direction . the flat wire is coated with an electric insulating layer and is bent to have curves at given portions of the flat wire in the length - wise direction . the curves are located on an axial outer side of the stator . the cross section of the flat wire has four corners , among which mutually - adjacent two corners are lager in curvatures than remaining mutually - adjacent two corners . the mutually - adjacent two corners whose curvatures are smaller are positioned on a circumferential outer side of each of the curves and the mutually - adjacent two corners whose curvatures are larger are positioned on a circumferential inner side of each of the curves . | 7 |
a lasso handling device for handling lassos of the type comprising an elongated rope having a looped end and a free end , the lasso handling device including an elongated pole having a first rope gripping member at one end for gripping a first enlarged portion of the rope and a second rope gripping member for gripping a second portion of the rope to hold the looped end open to facilitate its location about an object or animal to be lassoed . the rope is releasable from the gripping members and to allow tightening of the lasso around the object or article . | 1 |
a breakaway coupler suitable for connecting segments of powered and nonpowered wires , configured to provide a “ weakest link ” connection point that is the first to fail upon the application of a substantial force to the wire segments connected by the coupler , with the coupler comprising a first receptacle configured to securely retain a first segment of wire , a second receptacle configured to securely retain a second segment of wire , and a sacrificial coupling member configured to connect the first receptacle to the second receptacle . | 5 |
We present numerical simulations of reduced magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) turbulence in a magnetic flux tube at the center of a polar coronal hole. The model for the background atmosphere is a solution of the momentum equation and includes the effects of wave pressure on the solar wind outflow. Alfvén waves are launched at the coronal base and reflect at various heights owing to variations in Alfvén speed and outflow velocity. The turbulence is driven by nonlinear interactions between the counterpropagating Alfvén waves. Results are presented for two models of the background atmosphere. In the first model the plasma density and Alfvén speed vary smoothly with height, resulting in minimal wave reflections and low-energy dissipation rates. We find that the dissipation rate is insufficient to maintain the temperature of the background atmosphere. The standard phenomenological formula for the dissipation rate significantly overestimates the rate derived from our RMHD simulations, and a revised formula is proposed. In the second model we introduce additional density variations along the flux tube with a correlation length of 0.04 R<SUB>⊙</SUB> and with relative amplitude of 10%. These density variations simulate the effects of compressive MHD waves on the Alfvén waves. We find that such variations significantly enhance the wave reflection and thereby the turbulent dissipation rates, producing enough heat to maintain the background atmosphere. We conclude that interactions between Alfvén and compressive waves may play an important role in the turbulent heating of the fast solar wind. | 9 |
electronic circuits use latches including a magnetic tunnel junction structure and logic circuitry arranged to produce a selective state in the mtj structure . because the selective state is maintained magnetically , the state of the latch or electronic circuit can be maintained even while power is removed from the electronic device . | 6 |
a pipe laying robot for manipulating an elongated workpiece such as a pipe section . the robot is a grasping apparatus particularly adapted for placing pipe in a trench . the apparatus is designed to be suspended from a lifting device such as a backhoe , and is adapted to grasp and manipulate the workpiece for lifting , moving , or setting the workpiece . the apparatus has a first frame , and a second frame rotatably secured to the first frame for angular rotation of the second frame about a normally vertical axis of rotation with respect to the first frame . two or more grapplers are connected to the second frame in opposing juxtaposition and are moveable between an open position wherein the grasping apparatus is lowered to a position so the the grapplers straddle the workpiece , and a closed position wherein the grapplers engage and securely grasp the workpiece . a pitch actuator is provided to displace the second frame with respect to the first frame in an up or down pitching movement to thereby pitch the elongated workpiece up or down as desired . a linear displacement actuator is provided to displace the second frame with respect to the first frame and thereby displace the elongated workpiece in a linear direction substantially along its centerline . an efficient method for laying underground pipelines , such as sewer , gas pipe , or water pipelines , via use of the pipe laying robot , is also disclosed . | 5 |
Distributions v0.25.109 Diff since v0.25.108 Merged pull requests: Fix fit docs (#1746) (@ParadaCarleton) Update CI.yml to include mac aarch64 (#1856) (@ViralBShah) Replace deprecated lfact(x) (#1857) (@THargreaves) fixing error in xval function in gumbel.jl (#1859) (@ajshephard) Fix failing tests on 1.11-beta (#1862) (@andreasnoack) Clamp cdf and ccdf of Truncated (#1865) (@devmotion) Closed issues: 0 <= cdf(Normal(),x) <= 1 not always true. (#1853) 0 <= cdf(truncated(Normal(2.5, 0.2), lower=0.0),x) not always true. (#1854) Suggestion: 3-argument cdf() (#1855) Error in xval in gumbel (#1858) | 9 |
the present disclosure provides compositions and methods for improving corrosion inhibition in engines combusting a fuel containing ethanol . in particular , e85 fuels are provided containing additives able to reduce , eliminate and / or prevent corrosion of engine combustion surfaces and surfaces of engine components exposed to the fuel containing ethanol . | 2 |
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