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a self - organizing list machine is provided for reordering items of a list in a manner that achieves both a constant and minimum time complexity . the self - organizing list machine comprises an array of symbol index generators , wherein each symbol index generator has a unique location in the array between zero and n − 1 inclusive , and n is the total number of unique symbols in a symbol alphabet . | 6 |
a micro - sized gas detecting device with two electrodes separated by a gap of width ranging from 1 to 500 microns , where the detection is based on emission spectroscopy of gases in an electric discharge across the gap as the gas flows through the region . the characteristic light emitted by molecules during the discharge can be detected directly with photodiodes or transferred through optical fiber and detected with remote optical sensing components . the device can have single or multiple discharge regions in an array so that light emitted can be monitored at different wavelengths simultaneously . the device can operate under gaseous pressure ranging from a few milli - torr to a few atmospheres . the device consumes little power and can be powered with an alternating current and has the potential to be battery powered . | 6 |
pyasf was initially developed to allow symbolic computation of the anisotropic resonant scattering factor in X-ray scattering. Later it has become useful for more general problems in crystallography and X-ray diffraction. | 9 |
an apparatus for doubling of the length of each string of a stringed instrument using two legs of an extended string . the effective longer string length allows for the production of a lower tone range without lengthening the neck of the instrument , or the same tone range while shortening the neck of the instrument . if required to prevent bowing of the neck , a reinforcing structure may be included to the neck structure or in a second preferred embodiment a buttress support to the neck of the instrument may be provided . the height of the paired strings above the fret board may also be adjusted . | 6 |
methods , formulations and kits containing levulinate or levulinic acid are disclosed that have potent and unexpected properties to inhibit the growth and / or proliferation of listeria monocytogenes bacteria in a food sample . | 0 |
a foodstuff seed sorting endless belt conveyor apparatus for sorting out premium quality seeds from a seed mixture having both premium and inferior grade seeds on the basis of seed physical characteristics develops an orbital motion that is superimposed upon the normal longitudinal motion of the apparatus endless belt to thereby increase sorting selectivity , efficiency , and rates of product throughput . | 1 |
a system for providing notification , to the associated operating system , of removal and replacement of i / o devices during operation of a multiprocessor computer system running multiple operating systems . the system includes a plurality of cells , each containing multiple risc processors , low - level i / o firmware , a local service processor , scratch ram , external registers , a memory and i / o manager , and interfacing hardware . each partition comprises one or more cells and runs its own operating system . each cell is connected to a peripheral backplane containing a plurality of peripheral i / o card slots via a switch on the system backplane , which also connects the cell to a supervisory processor , which sends card slot status information to the appropriate cell . each i / o card slot has an associated latch which provides an indication , to the supervisory processor , that a platform event has occurred . platform events include inserting or removing an i / o card to / from a card slot , and opening an access panel that provides access to the i / o cards . | 6 |
disclosed is a system for measuring a physiological parameter of a patient . a measuring means measures a signal representative for the physiological parameter of the patient , and an operator identification means provides an operator identification signal for identifying an operator performing or helping to perform the measurement . the measured signal is associated with the operator identification signal for identifying the measured signal and thus providing an operator identified measuring signal . | 0 |
barrier structures are included within the packaging material of a packaged semiconductor device , such barrier structures including barrier bodies which overlie the die - die pad assembly of the device on either side thereof . the barrier bodies act as baffles which limit diffusion of moisture through the packaging material into the area of the die - die pad assembly of the device , the barrier bodies including apertures therethrough which control such diffusion in a manner that avoids delamination problems in the area of the die - die pad assembly , meanwhile also avoiding undesirable trapping of gas within the packaging material . | 7 |
a method of converting piston driven engines to operate on electricity . the head is removed from the engine . a solenoid tube , approximately twice as long as the stroke of the engine piston , for identification purposes , called a double length solenoid tube or dlst is fitted with flanges approximately on each end and in the middle , and is wound with suitable wire in layers from end flanges to middle making two separate magnetic coils on the dlst a bar , which can be temporarily magnetized , for identification purposes is called the power magnet , pm is attached to a rod , which cannot be magnetized , for identification purposes , called the power rod pr is fastened to the top of the engine piston . when the engine piston approaches top dead center , tdc , the pm is in the top half of the dlst approximately at this position the bottom magnetic coil is energized pulling the pm and the pr down ; pushing the engine piston down ; turning the crankshaft from 0 degree to 180 degrees . when the engine piston is at bottom dead center , bdc , the pm is as close to the center of the crankshaft as it can be . the top coil is energized , magnetically pulling the pm the pr and the engine piston up ; turning the crankshaft from 180 degrees to 360 degrees , completing the cycle . therefore , by using a double length solenoid tube with two coils , a solenoid magnet bar 16 pushes down on the downstroke and pulls up on the upstroke to the engine piston delivering power to the crankshaft on every stroke . included in specifications is an electrical switching system , two cooling systems and a lubrication system . this method can be applied to any piston driven engine . | 7 |
the present invention is a method of detecting reaction in blood caused by the presence of a foreign substance in the blood , comprising the steps of : establishing a potential across a predetermined spatial volume ; passing a first portion of the blood through the predetermined spatial volume ; substantially continuously measuring the potential across the predetermined spatial volume over a first predetermined period of time ; comparing the measured potential with a baseline ; and calculating the total volume of solids in the first portion of the blood as a function of a total absolute deviation of the measured potential from the baseline . the same procedure is then followed with a second portion of the blood , after it has been exposed to the substance whose reaction is being determined . the two calculations are then compared , with a positive reaction being indicated when the two measured solid volumes are measurably different . the baselines are preferably dynamic baselines , and are determined with reference to the starting point of a sharp rise in the measured potential . | 6 |
an apparatus for shimming the magnetic field generated by a magnet arrangement of a magnetic resonance imaging system , has a number of shim devices of substantially similar cross - sectional dimensions , at least some of the shim devices exhibiting differing ferromagnetic characteristics . a structure body has an elongate , tubular channel cross - sectionally dimensioned to serially receive the shim devices in a predetermined sequence to provide a required distribution of the ferromagnetic characteristics in relation to said magnetic field , the channel being of length sufficient to accommodate the shim devices serially in said predetermined sequence . the shim devices are presented at the entrance of the channel in the sequence , and are forced into the channel in the sequence by pressurized fluid directed toward the entrance . | 6 |
a sorption agent comprising activated carbon and an impregnation of the activated carbon for the sorption of air pollutants , wherein the impregnation contains a zinc compound and a molybdenum compound , as well as a gas - filtering element , such as a respirator canister , containing said sorption agent . | 1 |
a mobile terminal including a housing having a front surface , a back surface and lateral surfaces ; a display disposed on the front surface of the housing and configured to display information and a selectable item for executing an application on the mobile terminal when the selectable item is selected ; a physical key button disposed on the front surface of the housing , the physical key button configured to receive an input ; a communication unit configured to wirelessly communicate with an external terminal ; and a control unit configured to control the external terminal to display an image of the mobile terminal on a display of the external terminal , when the communication unit is wirelessly communicating with the external terminal . further , the control unit is further configured to control the external terminal not to display information output by the application executed on the mobile terminal when an input signal requests the information not be displayed and to display the information output by the application executed on the mobile terminal when the input signal requests the information be displayed . | 7 |
a collapsable portable table including a table top and a pair of interlocking legs . the table top , on its undersurface , contains a leg receiving block which interlockingly engages the legs . the legs each have an opening substantially in the center thereof which encase the receiving block when the legs are stored flush against the undersurface of the table top for carrying or for storage . locking means are also provided for retaining the legs either in the standing or in the collapsed position . | 0 |
an electrical bracket for mounting an electrical device having a wall structure defining a front opening . in one embodiment , the bracket includes at least one breakaway mounting member which can be used to mount the bracket to a surface or be removed when the member is not needed . in another embodiment , the bracket includes at least one breakaway alignment member which can be used to align the bracket to a mountable surface or be removed when the member is not needed . the bracket can further be mounted to a surface in a plurality of orientations . | 8 |
a monitor is provided for a bobbin thread on double thread lockstitch sewing machines . this is preferably a sewing machine with a rotating hook with a bobbin housing accommodating the lower thread reserve . the monitor includes a revolution sensor which sends a pulse per revolution of the main shaft of the machine to a microcomputer . an infrared laser light transmitter sends a detection beam directed toward a bobbin . the beam is reflected by the bobbin or by the roll of a residual thread length to a receiver and is sent by the latter to the microcomputer in the form of signals for processing , evaluation and / or forwarding . the microcomputer is adapted to compare the different signal patterns with a detection threshold to generate signals for controlling the sewing machine . a controllable power source is connected to the microcomputer for the occasional , stepwise reduction of the output of the infrared laser light transmitter . a bobbin can be inserted into the bobbin housing with at least two chambers separated from one another by a radially directed web . one chamber accommodates a residual thread length and the other chamber accommodates the main thread length . the front surface of the web faces the infrared laser light transmitter as well as the outer surface of the flange of the bobbin . this outer surface is adjacent to the front surface , reflecting light , wherein the flange has openings for the detection beam . | 3 |
Protoplanets can produce structures in protoplanetary disks via gravitational disk-planet interactions. Once detected, such structures serve as signposts of planet formation. Here we investigate the kinematic signatures in disks produced by multi-Jupiter mass (M <SUB>J</SUB>) planets using 3D hydrodynamics and radiative transfer simulations. Such a planet opens a deep gap, and drives transonic vertical motions inside. Such motions include both a bulk motion of the entire half-disk column, and turbulence on scales comparable to and smaller than the scale height. They significantly broaden molecular lines from the gap, producing double-peaked line profiles at certain locations, and a kinematic velocity dispersion comparable to thermal after azimuthal averaging. The same planet does not drive fast vertical motions outside the gap, except at the inner spiral arms and the disk surface. Searching for line broadening induced by multi-M <SUB>J</SUB> planets inside gaps requires an angular resolution comparable to the gap width, an assessment of the gap gas temperature to within a factor of 2, and a high sensitivity needed to detect line emission from the gap. | 9 |
disseminating to a participant an indication that an item accessible by the participant via a network is of current interest is disclosed . an indication that the item is of current interest is received in real time . the indication is processed . the participant is informed that the item is of current interest . | 8 |
apparatus , method and storage medium which can provide at least one first electro - magnetic radiation to a sample and at least one second electromagnetic radiation to a reference , such that the first and / or second electromagnetic radiations have a spectrum which changes over time . in addition , a first polarization component of at least one third radiation associated with the first radiation can be combined with a second polarization component of at least one fourth radiation associated with the second radiation with one another . the first and second polarizations may be specifically controlled to be at least approximately orthogonal to one another . | 6 |
High-resolution imaging of supermassive black holes is now possible, with new applications to testing general relativity and horizon-scale accretion and relativistic jet formation processes. Over the next decade, enhancement of the current EHT will deliver black hole movies, allowing real-time study of black holes and their impact on the Universe. | 9 |
an electric motor for a fuel pump is provided with a shutdown switch positioned intermediate an inverter , and its control coil . in this location , the shutdown function can be achieved without heavy components . in another feature , when the fuel pump is shut down , a signal is sent upstream to a voltage regulator associated with a generator , such that the voltage supplied downstream by the generator can be reduced to eliminate any potential voltage spike due to the shutdown of the electric motor . the electric motor with shutdown switch enables low weight fault tolerant flux regulated machines . | 5 |
a device is provided for spraying a coating product including a moving arm able to perform a tracking movement for tracking an object to be coated which is moving in a horizontal plane along an axis of conveying , a sprayer disposed at an end of the moving arm , and a base on which the moving arm is pivotably disposed , the base is rotatable about an axis generally horizontal and generally perpendicular to the axis of conveying and the base is translatable . | 1 |
a method for synthesizing 2 - alkanoic acids and esters and 2 - alkanoic acids and esters by reacting a hydroxyaromatic ketone derivative with a 2 - substituted alkanoic acid or ester under basic conditions and thereafter reacting with a hydroxylamine derivative and conducting a beckmann rearrangement with subsequent solvolysis . | 2 |
this invention relates to improved methods and apparatus for recording and simulating the condylar movement of an individual . this invention also provides a digital dental articulator method which is designed to simulate the jaw or condylar movements of a patient . this instrument enables a dentist to obtain the necessary diagnostic information for treatment of the occlusal irregularities , such as malocclusion , and the fabrication of dental restorations or “ dentures ” and for the development of an orthodontic treatment plan . | 6 |
a rotating riding toy for children has adjustability in the linkage which causes the riding toy to rotate . it has been found that such adjustability can affect the ease of pumping or driving the riding toy rotationally as well as the rotational speed obtained . in addition , the seats are positionally adjustable to accommodate smaller and larger children . quick release pins are envisioned for removing stabilizing legs from a base member to afford breakdown of the mechanism and portability . | 0 |
provided is a structure for a slip ring and a brush of a wrsm capable of reducing an axial length of a motor by increasing a contact area between the slip ring and the brush and improving reliability for smoothly implementing performance of the motor by stably supporting a shaft of the motor , the structure including : an inner slip ring combined with a rotation shaft of a motor ; a brush disposed at a circumference of the inner slip ring and having a plurality of wrinkles contacting an outer circumferential surface of the inner slip ring formed therein ; an outer slip ring disposed at a circumference of the brush and making in contact with the plurality of wrinkles of the brush ; and a holder that supports the outer slip ring . | 7 |
a fiber optic tail for a jewelry clasp is coupled to the light - emitting diode by a piece of stretchable and shrinkable tubing . a symbol or legend is inscribed on the tail ribbon such that light is emitted around an edge of the symbol to illuminate the symbol . in a second embodiment , a backlit symbol in a fiber optic ribbon is seen through a window in a cover , which may be decorated . | 8 |
the characteristic impedance of a surface pad is manipulated by reticulating the pad and filling the spaces with a dielectric material , providing an inductive element in the coupling of the surface pad to an underlying ground pad of a ground plane , or a combination of these approaches . in appropriate embodiments , acceptable signal trace routing paths will exist in an embedded signal layer under the ground plane and crossing under the surface pad . other embodiments are also described and claimed . | 8 |
the invention includes a method of using software to automate the acquisition , processing and syndication of digital media files , in particular , as it relates to this process , digital music files . this method can be extended to include all digital forms of intellectual property to which an individual , corporation , or other entity , owns or controls the digital exploitation rights . the invention creates a model of a digital media business and controls day - to - day operations with computer systems . without this invention , digital media businesses intending to compete in the online marketplace would not have the ability to scale operations to the degree necessary to become viable because the large number of digital assets required for profitability would otherwise be unmanageable . 14 . | 6 |
Despite decades of intense efforts, many fundamental aspects of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) remain elusive. One of the major open questions is whether the mass of an exploding white dwarf (WD) is close to the Chandrasekhar limit. Here, we report the detection of strong K-shell emission from stable Fe-peak elements in the Suzaku X-ray spectrum of the Type Ia supernova remnant (SNR) 3C 397. The high Ni/Fe and Mn/Fe mass ratios (0.11-0.24 and 0.018-0.033, respectively) in the hot plasma component that dominates the K-shell emission lines indicate a degree of neutronization in the supernova ejecta that can only be achieved by electron capture in the dense cores of exploding WDs with a near-Chandrasekhar mass. This suggests a single-degenerate origin for 3C 397, since Chandrasekhar mass progenitors are expected naturally if the WD accretes mass slowly from a companion. Together with other results supporting the double-degenerate scenario, our work adds to the mounting evidence that both progenitor channels make a significant contribution to the SN Ia rate in star-forming galaxies. | 9 |
apparatus for braking relative vertical movement between two vertical members includes linkage connected either directly or indirectly to a cable pulley - mount that is spring loaded and moves cams that wedge in between two vertically moveable members when cable tension is not present at the pulley . a broken cable , for example , will create a situation where there is no cable tension between a plurality of cable pulleys , the lack of cable tension moves the mechanical cam style linkage to engage the braking members . | 1 |
We study the kinematics and scaling relations of a sample of 43 giant spiral galaxies that have stellar masses exceeding $10^{11} \, {\rm M}_\odot$ and optical discs up to 80 kpc in radius. We use a hybrid 3D-1D approach to fit 3D kinematic models to long-slit observations of the H α-$\rm{[N\, \small {II}]}$ emission lines and we obtain robust rotation curves of these massive systems. We find that all galaxies in our sample seem to reach a flat part of the rotation curve within the outermost optical radius. We use the derived kinematics to study the high-mass end of the two most important scaling relations for spiral galaxies: the stellar/baryonic mass Tully-Fisher relation and the Fall (mass-angular momentum) relation. All galaxies in our sample, with the possible exception of the two fastest rotators, lie comfortably on both these scaling relations determined at lower masses, without any evident break or bend at the high-mass regime. When we combine our high-mass sample with low-mass data from the Spitzer Photometry & Accurate Rotation Curves catalogue, we find a slope of α = 4.25 ± 0.19 for the stellar Tully-Fisher relation and a slope of γ = 0.64 ± 0.11 for the Fall relation. Our results indicate that most, if not all, of these rare, giant spiral galaxies are scaled up versions of less massive discs and that spiral galaxies are a self-similar population of objects up to the very high-mass end. | 9 |
the present invention discloses a usb memory card such as an intelligent stick , of which a control of data encryption is included to enhance data security and meet the data security requirement . the usb memory card of this invention is applicable for the traditional smart card market , like as e - commerce , id token in internet , as well as featuring a low system cost and a popular usb interface . the size of such usb memory card is small , easy - to - carry , and easy - to - use . | 6 |
the invention provides a cementing composition for use in oilfield application , wherein a significant amount of cement is left intentionally un - hydrated when the cement is set ; such that said amount of un - hydrated cement becomes hydrated when the set cement is damaged . | 2 |
The presence of carbon-chain molecules in the interstellar medium (ISM) has been known since the early 1970s and >130 such species have been identified to date, making up ∼43 % of the total of detected ISM molecules. They are prevalent not only in star-forming regions in our Galaxy but also in other galaxies. These molecules provide important information on physical conditions, gas dynamics, and evolutionary stages of star-forming regions. Larger species of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and fullerenes (C<SUB>60</SUB> and C<SUB>70</SUB>), which may be related to the formation of the carbon-chain molecules, have been detected in circumstellar envelopes around carbon-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars and planetary nebulae, while PAHs are also known to be a widespread component of the ISM in most galaxies. Recently, two line survey projects toward Taurus Molecular Cloud-1 with large single-dish telescopes have detected many new carbon-chain species, including molecules containing benzene rings. These new findings raise fresh questions about carbon-bearing species in the Universe. This article reviews various aspects of carbon-chain molecules, including observational studies, chemical simulations, quantum calculations, and laboratory experiments, and discusses open questions and how future facilities may answer them. | 9 |
aqueous microemulsions are described which are polymerized to produce a latex containing particles of organic polymer having recurring pendant perfluorinated organic side chains which have an average particle size of between 0 . 01 and 0 . 5 micrometers . the latex can be used to coat the surface of substrate structures , or to coat the pore walls of porous substrate structures . | 8 |
a system for controlling handover is disclosed that includes a mobile terminal that enables communications with multiple wireless systems having wireless access stations , and a handover - controlling apparatus that executes control of handover for the mobile terminal , which travels among multiple types of wireless systems . the mobile terminal includes a destination wireless system determining unit that receives downlink signals from the corresponding wireless access stations so as to determine which wireless system accommodates a destination wireless access station based on reception quality of downlink signals . the mobile terminal also includes a destination wireless system reporting unit that sends information indicating the determined wireless system to the handover - controlling apparatus . the handover - controlling apparatus includes a handover - controlling unit that controls handover operations for the mobile terminal based on the information indicating the determined wireless system , which is sent from the destination wireless system reporting unit . | 7 |
a power distribution system includes a plurality of load side power converters configured in a modular stacked dc converter architecture . each load side converter includes a respective energy storage device such that together the plurality of energy storage devices provides a distributed subsea energy storage system configured to maintain a common subsea busbar voltage substantially constant during intermittent load voltage excursions . | 8 |
An observational review is provided of the properties of accretion disks around young stars. It concerns the primordial disks of intermediate- and high-mass young stellar objects in embedded and optically revealed phases. The properties were derived from spatially resolved observations and, therefore, predominantly obtained with interferometric means, either in the radio/(sub)millimeter or in the optical/infrared wavelength regions. We make summaries and comparisons of the physical properties, kinematics, and dynamics of these circumstellar structures and delineate trends where possible. Amongst others, we report on a quadratic trend of mass accretion rates with mass from T Tauri stars to the highest mass young stellar objects and on the systematic difference in mass infall and accretion rates. | 9 |
the present invention provides an apparatus that lifts , secures , splits and / or crushes tree stumps or other materials , particularly wooden materials and other materials that may be present at an excavation site . the apparatus is characterized in part by a two pivot point design . a first pivot point allows for the pivotable operation of an engaging unit which grabs and lifts the tree stump . the engaging unit further acts a durable and secure support member for the tree stump during the splitting and crushing process . the second pivot point allows for the pivotable operation of a cutting device which facilitates splitting and crushing of the stumps . | 0 |
Compact groups (CGs) of galaxies show members with morphological disturbances, mainly products of galaxy-galaxy interactions, thus making them ideal systems to study galaxy evolution, in high-density environment. To understand how this environment affects the properties of galaxies, we select a sample of 340 CGs in the Stripe 82 region, for a total of 1083 galaxies, and a sample of 2281 field galaxies as a control sample. By performing a multiwavelength morphological fitting process using Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey data, we divide our sample into early-type galaxies (ETGs), late-type galaxies (LTGs), and transition galaxies using the r-band Sérsic index and the colour (u - r). We find a bimodal distribution in the plane of the effective radius - Sérsic index, where a secondary 'peculiar' galaxy population of smaller and more compact galaxies is found in CGs, which is not observed in the control sample. This indicates that galaxies are undergoing a morphological transformation in CGs. In addition, we find significant statistical differences in the distribution of specific star-formation rate (sSFR) when we compare both environments for LTGs and ETGs. We also find a higher fraction of quenched galaxies and a lower median sSFR in CGs than in the control sample, suggesting the existence of environmental effects favouring the cessation of star formation, regardless of galaxy type. Our results support the notion that CGs promote morphological and physical transformations, highlighting their potential as ideal systems for galaxy pre-processing. | 9 |
an ophthalmic illuminator is disclosed , one embodiment comprising : an illumination source , wherein the illumination source produces an arc ; a lens , such as a condensing lens , for focusing light produced by the illumination source arc ; and an optical fiber for carrying the focused light to a surgical site , such as an eye . the illumination source is positioned offset from a longitudinal axis of the optical fiber to compensate for shifting of the illumination source arc over time . the offset position can be such that the illumination source is positioned in a vertically offset position from the longitudinal axis of the optical fiber . the longitudinal axis corresponds to the optical path axis of the optical fiber . the ophthalmic illuminator can further comprise a reflector for reflecting the light produced by the illumination source arc , wherein the reflector is positioned offset from the illumination source to decrease the rate of erosion of an illumination source cathode . | 0 |
Sherpa 4.10.1 This release fixes several bugs and introduces a few new features, notably the ability to evaluate model components on arbitrary grids and generate user-defined ARFs and RMFs. Also, as of this release Sherpa will no longer rely on any Fortran code. See the following section for details. It is now possible to build the Sherpa documentation using Sphinx. Additionally, the Sphinx documentation is automatically built and hosted on ReadTheDocs: https://sherpa.readthedocs.io/ Details 407 Ensure 0-length array is an error in filter_resp (fix #405) Add an explicit check in the C++ filter_resp code to error out if the noticed channels array is empty. 422 Improve error message with wrong xspec version Improve the handling of XSPEC versions mismatch. 466 Fix bounding box out-of-bounds memory read Avoid an out-of-bounds memory read when calling pad_bounding_box (when the data is not matching the expected conditions for this call). 469 Evaluate model on finer grid Sherpa users can now define arbitrary grids, called evaluation spaces, on which to evaluate individual model components, both in 1D and 2D. This can be useful in a number of cases, for instance when it is desirable to evaluate models on a finer grid than the one defined by the data, or in convolution models where information outside of the data range can be used to reduce boundary effects or to inform the evaluation inside the data space. Also, when plotting individual 1D model components (plot_source_component), if a specific evaluation space was attached to the model then the plot will be of the model evaluated over that evaluation space, not the data space. Other plotting commands should be unaffected by this change. 470 Order for np.ones() should be a one length string not a bool Fixed a `DeprecationWarning` in the optimization module. 471 Using overwrite rather than clobber of astropy.io.fits `clobber` in astropy has been deprecated for a while now in favour of overwrite and thus issues a `DeprecationWarning`. Sherpa now uses `overwrite` instead. 475 Fix unecessary runtime warning (fix #402) A condition check in the optimization code was modified so as not to produce a warning when the value is a NaN. 481 Remove Fortran code Sherpa does not rely on any Fortran routines anymore, except those compiled in XSPEC. The existing Fortran code, which was used mainly in some of the optimization routines, has been replaced by equivalent C++ code. This means that gfortran is no longer required for building Sherpa, although a version of libgfortran compatible with the one used to link the XSPEC libraries would still be needed at runtime if the XSPEC extension is built. 482 ARF/RMF creation functions The `create_rmf` and `create_arf` functions now allow users to easily generate user defined response objects. 486 ZeroDivisionError in calc_stat_info (fix #476) Sherpa did not catch divisions by zero in the calc_stat_info command. That has been fixed. 484 Equivalent Width errors Several optional arguments `(params=None, error=False, otherids=(), niter=1000)`, were added to `eqwidth`. If `error = True`, then get_draws shall be run if the fit stat is one of the following: (Cash, CStat, WStat) otherwise a multivariate normal distribution shall be run to generate the samples. The optional niter parameter is used to generate the number of samples. The optional parameter otherids is only used if get_draws is used internally when multiple data sets were used to fit. Alternatively, the user can enter the samples via the `params` option where the samples must be a `numpy.ndarray` of dimension `(num, npar)`. 487 PSF bin size warning Sherpa assumes that the PSF image and the data have the same pixel size. When this is not true Sherpa ignores the difference, which results in a larger PSF being applied. From now on Sherpa will issue a warning when the PSF image pixel size and the data image pixel size are different. | 9 |
the invention comprises a borescope plug for sealing a borescope inspection port on a turbine engine having a fluid flowpath and multiple casings . the borescope plug comprises a plug body having an interlocking drive interface , a plunger portion positioned for sliding coaxial movement relative to the plug body and spring means engaging both the plug body and the plunger . the spring means presses the plunger towards a fully extended position relative to the plug body . the plunger comprises a fixedly attached tip portion shaped to conform with the fluid flowpath . key means is provided for aligning the tip to conform with the fluid flowpath and the tip is cooled with a cooling airflow . | 5 |
an apparatus and method to treat head injury . the apparatus includes a cephalic expansion reservoir to allow a swollen brain to expand without increasing intracranial pressure . the apparatus has a port for fluid exchange and for the attachment of monitors of physical , chemical and electrical activity . the method includes attaching the apparatus to the skin with biological adhesives , removing the bone for replacement after treatment , treating the injured patent with appropriate therapy including filling the expansion reservoir with an appropriate fluid . | 0 |
a method of incrementally reducing a design is disclosed . a logic verification tool receives a design and a property for verification with respect to the design , and then selects one or more of a plurality of diverse techniques for reducing the design . the logic verification tool then reduces the design to create a reduced design using the one or more techniques and attempts to generate a valid solution for the property on the reduced design . the logic verification tool determines whether a valid solution is generated , and , if not , replaces the design with the reduced design . until a valid solution is generated , the logic verification tool iteratively performs the selecting , reducing , determining and replacing steps . | 6 |
disclosed is a method for fabricating devices so that several devices at a time can be tested and sorted . the devices are placed in a carrier so that each device occupies a discrete position . the carrier includes an identification marker , and each device is identified by its position in the carrier . the carrier is sent to multiple assembly and / or testing stations , and data for each device is collected and stored in a central data base according to its position in the carrier . each device may then be sorted according to the collected data and its position in the carrier . | 7 |
In stars and planets natural processes heat convective flows in the bulk of a convective region rather than at hard boundaries. By characterizing how convective dynamics are determined by the strength of an internal heating source we can gain insight into the processes driving astrophysical convection. Internally heated convection has been studied extensively in incompressible fluids, but the effects of stratification and compressibility have not been examined in detail. In this work, we study fully compressible convection driven by a spatially uniform heating source in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D Cartesian, hydrodynamic simulations. We use a fixed temperature upper boundary condition which results in a system that is internally heated in the bulk and cooled at the top. We find that the flow speed, as measured by the Mach number, and turbulence, as measured by the Reynolds number, can be independently controlled by separately varying the characteristic temperature gradient from internal heating and the diffusivities. Two-dimensional simulations at a fixed Mach number (flow speed) demonstrate consistent power at low wave number as diffusivities are decreased. We observe convection where the velocity distribution is skewed towards cold, fast downflows and that the flow speed is related to the length scale and entropy gradient of the upper boundary where the downflows are driven. We additionally find a heat transport scaling law which is consistent with prior incompressible work. | 9 |
a needle shield assembly with a needle having a distal tip and a static feature is provided . the needle shield assembly includes an adapter having an open distal terminus and an open proximal terminus to allow passage of the needle and a needle shield slidably associated with the adapter having an open distal end and an open proximal end where the open proximal end is sufficiently narrow to restrict proximal movement of the needle static feature causing the shield to move in a proximal direction when the needle is pulled proximally after the static feature has established contact with the needle shield proximal end . the assembly includes a canting plate having an unactivated first position and an activated second position that restricts needle movement . the canting plate is activated via a canting plate retention system in communication with the canting plate and responsive to proximal movement of the needle . | 0 |
We report our survey of γ Dor stars from the 4-yr Kepler mission. These stars pulsate mainly in g modes and r modes, showing period-spacing patterns in the amplitude spectra. The period-spacing patterns are sensitive to the chemical composition gradients and the near-core rotation, hence they are essential for understanding the stellar interior. We identified period-spacing patterns in 611 γ Dor stars. Almost every star pulsates in dipole g modes, while about 30 per cent of stars also show clear patterns for quadrupole g modes and 16 per cent of stars present r-mode patterns. We measure periods, period spacings, and the gradient of the period spacings. These three observables guide the mode identifications and can be used to estimate the near-core rotation rate. We find many stars are hotter and show longer period-spacing patterns than theory. Using the traditional approximation of rotation (TAR), we inferred the asymptotic spacings, the near-core rotation rates, and the radial orders of the g and r modes. Most stars have a near-core rotation rate around 1 d<SUP>-1</SUP> and an asymptotic spacing around 4000 s. We also find that many stars rotate more slowly than predicted by theory for unclear reasons. 11 stars show rotational splittings with fast rotation rates. We compared the observed slope-rotation relation with the theory and find a large spread. We detected rotational modulations in 58 stars and used them to derive the core-to-surface rotation ratios. The interiors rotate faster than the cores in most stars, but by no more than 5 per cent. | 9 |
a process for producing fibrous material which includes the following : preparing a solution of chemicals that includes less than 25 % of sulphite , based on the oven - dry amount of the lignocellulosic raw material ; mixing the solution of chemicals with wood in a specified liquor material ; heating the solution of chemicals and the wood to a temperature above room temperature ; and then either of the following alternatives : removing the free - flowing solution of chemicals and digestion of the wood in the vapor phase ; having the wood digested in the liquid phase and separating the free - flowing solution of chemicals and the wood . | 3 |
an object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust muffling device having a simple structure , which is capable of suppressing air column resonance favorably , irrespective of a length of an outlet pipe of an exhaust pipe which communicates with a muffler , and with which it is possible to achieve appropriate reductions in weight and cost . the exhaust muffling device of the present invention comprises a muffler having an expansion chamber whose length is l in an exhaust direction , and an outlet pipe being in communication with the expansion chamber and whose pipe length is approximately 2nl in which n is a natural number . | 5 |
a front projection display system that integrates an optical engine , having control and power supply electronics , and a dedicated projection screen to provide a compact video display device . the projection engine is coupled to a high gain projection screen , having an optimized reflection pattern to give optimum optical performance in ambient h & amp ; and viewing angle sensitive environments . components of the projection engine are modularly placed in a retractable arm pivotally connected to the screen . the arm offers precise registration to the screen apparatus and thus repeatably precisely aligns optically and mechanically to the screen . the projection wall system has an open projection position and a closed storage position . use of a radically offset projection head having matching keystone correction features allows the arm to protrude above the head of the presenter and offer a sharp and unobtrusive projection zone . | 7 |
a method of side - cutting by a turret punch press for improving working efficiency to a large extent . the method comprises a step in which a selected one of a plurality of punch chips arranged so as to be selectively hit in a punch assembly provided on the upper turret is used for side - cutting a workpiece and the other step in which one end of a part to be cut into a punching piece with the side cutting is cut off by another punch chip . | 8 |
a method and apparatus for testing or diagnosing faults in a scan - based integrated circuit using a unified self - test and scan - test technique . the method and apparatus comprises using a unified test controller to ease prototype debug and production test . the unified test controller further comprises using a capture clock generator and a plurality of domain clock generators each embedded in a clock domain to perform self - test or scan - test . the capture clocks generated by the capture clock generator are used to guide at - speed or reduced - speed self - test within each clock domain . the frequency of these capture clocks can be totally unrelated to those of system clocks controlling the clock domains . this unified approach allows designers to test or diagnose stuck - type and non - stuck - type faults with a low - cost dft tester or a low - cost dft debugger . a computer - aided design method is further developed to realize the method and synthesize the apparatus . | 6 |
a fuel - injecting apparatus supplies fuel to an internal combustion engine in a timing and at a rate adapted for its operation . the internal combustion engine includes a lubricant trap provided at the bottom of the internal combustion engine to collect lubricant for lubricating the internal combustion engine and a fuel pump for supplying the lubricant held in the lubricant trap to a fuel - injection device . in the fuel - injecting apparatus the intermediate part of a passage through which lubricant is delivered to a fuel - injection timing control device is branched off , and the branched division of the lubricant passage is made to communicate with the lubricated section of the fuel pump . | 5 |
a label for resealing an enclosure of a cigarette pack is provided with a pull tab defined by a cut through one layer of a two - layer structure , the tab surface being non - adhesive but at least part of the corresponding surface of the major portion of the label being permanently tacky . | 1 |
We use the APOSTLE and Auriga cosmological simulations to study the star formation histories (SFHs) of field and satellite dwarf galaxies. Despite sizeable galaxy-to-galaxy scatter, the SFHs of APOSTLE and Auriga dwarfs exhibit robust average trends with galaxy stellar mass: faint field dwarfs (10<SUP>5</SUP> < M<SUB>star</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB> < 10<SUP>6</SUP>) have, on average, steadily declining SFHs, whereas brighter dwarfs (10<SUP>7</SUP> < M<SUB>star</SUB>/M<SUB>⊙</SUB> < 10<SUP>9</SUP>) show the opposite trend. Intermediate-mass dwarfs have roughly constant SFHs. Satellites exhibit similar average trends, but with substantially suppressed star formation in the most recent ∼5 Gyr, likely as a result of gas loss due to tidal and ram-pressure stripping after entering the haloes of their primaries. These simple mass and environmental trends are in good agreement with the derived SFHs of Local Group (LG) dwarfs whose photometry reaches the oldest main-sequence turn-off. SFHs of galaxies with less deep data show deviations from these trends, but this may be explained, at least in part, by the large galaxy-to-galaxy scatter, the limited sample size, and the large uncertainties of the inferred SFHs. Confirming the predicted mass and environmental trends will require deeper photometric data than currently available, especially for isolated dwarfs. | 9 |
attenuated recombinant viruses containing dna coding for a cytokine and / or a tumor associated antigen , as well as methods and compositions employing the viruses , are disclosed and claimed . the recombinant viruses can be nyvac or alvac recombinant viruses . the dna can code for at least on of : human tumor necrosis factor ; nuclear phosphoprotein p53 , wildtype or mutant ; human melanoma - associated antigen ; il - 2 ; ifng ; il - 4 ; gncsf ; il - 12 ; b7 ; erb - b - 2 and carcinoembryonic antigen . the recombinant viruses and gene products therefrom are useful for cancer therapy . | 2 |
a mold for forming an article having one or more substantial radial protrusions . the mold includes a core movable along a molding axis , a stripper ring movable a limited distance along one set of guide rods with axes parallel to the molding axis , a split ring having segments movable adjacent to the stripper ring for the limited distance and movable relative to the stripper ring on a second set of guide rods at an angle to the molding axis , and a cavity . the article is removable from the mold when the core is moved away from the cavity , the stripper ring is moved its limited distance , and the split ring segments are moved with the stripper ring and then relative to the stripper ring at an angle to the molding axis . | 1 |
a settling tank for dewatering a thin slurry is provided in a lined portable container and with a disposable filtering means . a novel method of processing the slurry by settlement of the solid phase and removal of the liquid phase in cycles avoids the clogging of the filtering means . the settling tank can be easily transported and dumped without requiring the transferring of residue sludge or the cleaning of equipment . | 1 |
a focusing module for divergent light emitted from a source such as a laser diode . the focusing module consists of telescoping cylindrical members which focus by sliding the members along their central axis and permanently adhering the members to each other after focusing . the focusing lens is embodied in a lens assembly which prevents direct contact between the lens surface and the lens seat in one of the cylindrical members . axial rotation between the cylindrical members , and between the base and the module is prevented by a series of notch and key elements . consequently , the opening of the focusing module is fixed with respect to the cross - section of the light emitted , and can be shaped to match the cross section of the laser light beam thereby permitting maximum emission of focused light . | 8 |
in various embodiments , methods and compositions for treating raynaud &# 39 ; s disease and raynaud &# 39 ; s phenomenon are provided . topical administration of a semisolid composition comprising a prostaglandin e1 compound provides the desired relief of the raynaud &# 39 ; s disease or raynaud &# 39 ; s phenomenon without the possible complications of systemic administration . the semisolid composition can be administered as needed , or in a regimen of several doses per day . | 0 |
novel forms of ]- 2 -- β , δdihydroxy - 5 - methylethyl )- 3 - phenyl - 4 - carbonyl ]- 1 - h - pyrrole - 1 - heptanoic acid hemi calcium salt designated form xx , form xxi , form xxii , form xxiii , form xxiv , forms xxv , form xxvii , form xxviii , form xxxix , and forms xxx , characterized by their x - ray powder diffractor , solid state nmr , and / or raman spectroscopy are describes as well as methods for the preparation and pharmaceutical composition of the same , which are useful as agents for treating hyperlipidemia , hypercholesterolemia , osteoporosis , benign prostatic hyperplasia and alzheimer ) disease . | 2 |
this invention discloses compositions consisting essentially of a major amount of a salt of an acyloxyalkanesulfonate and a minor amount of a saturated aliphatic alcohol mixture . these compositions are readily converted into non - dusting , free - flowing flakes that are ideally suited to the preparation of detergent formulations . | 8 |
updating a graphical database object in a database via a placeholder control is provided . after a database recordset schema or schema is updated , a determination is made as to whether anew field is to be added to the graphical database object in response to the recordset schema or schema change . if a new field is to be added , the new field is automatically added to the graphical database object . the new field may be positioned to a place in the graphical database object as directed by a user or editor of the database object . the graphical database object may be displayed with the new field as positioned based on the recordset schema or schema change . | 6 |
methods and apparatus for enhanced and improved viscous oil recovery are disclosed . a horizontal well is drilled through the viscous oil formation . a liner includes temperature actuated valves for delivering steam more uniformly along the heel and toe portions of the liner . the temperature actuated valves include an actuation mechanism that actuates from an open position to a closed position to control the flow of the steam therethrough . the actuation mechanism actuates to the closed position when it exceeds a predetermined temperature . heat from the steam mobilizes and lowers the viscosity of the heavy crude wherein the crude is then produced to the surface via conventional lift arrangements . | 8 |
an electric motor having an electromagnetically operated clutch automatically engageable to lock the motor shaft against rotation in at least one direction . embodiments are described in which interruption of the power to the motor causes engagement of the clutch and in which application of power to the motor causes disengagement of the clutch . also disclosed is an automatic sliding door assembly operated by an electric motor having an electromagnetically operable clutch which is engaged on interruption of power to the motor to lock the motor shaft against rotation in one direction . | 4 |
the present invention recognizes that identifying genes expressed during developmental processes , stress responses , and disease states can advance understanding of these biological functions , and can contribute to identifying targets for therapeutic drugs . in addition , the present invention recognizes that rapid and reliable profiling of genetic variations , such as mutations and snps , is of increasing importance to diagnostics , prognostics , forensics , heredity determinations , and pharmacogenetics . one aspect of the present invention provides a method of identifying one or more nucleic acid molecules that are expressed under a given set of conditions based on their complementarity to known sequences , or one or more mutations or snps in a population of nucleic acid molecules . the method includes : contacting at least one probe nucleic acid molecule with a survey population of nucleic acid molecules under conditions that promote nucleic acid hybridization to generate a probe - survey population mixture of nucleic acid molecules , treating the probe - survey population mixture of nucleic acid molecules with a nucleolytic activity , such that nucleolytic activity - sensitive nucleic acid molecules are digested , and contacting the resulting mixture of nucleolytic activity - protected nucleic acid molecules with a solid support comprising one or more attached nucleic acid molecules to generate attached nucleic acid molecule / nucleolytic activity - protected nucleic acid molecule complexes , and identifying one or more of the attached nucleic acid molecules or one or more of the nucleolytic activity - protected nucleic acid molecules in one or more attached nucleic acid molecule / nucleolytic activity - protected nucleic acid molecule complexes . | 2 |
a sulfide catalyst is prepared by depositing inorganic metal sulfide , by - products from the partial oxidation of fuels and ores , on a surface of a carrier , such as slag . | 1 |
an end bell for a motor has a base plate , a bearing and a molded insert to couple the bearing to the base plate . the end bell with molded insert is durable , light weight and has good anti - corrosion properties . the bearing is held in relation to the base plate while the molded insert is disposed . a post - mold machining operation can be used to both size the bearing hole to the motor shaft but also to align the hole in relation to the base plate . bushings and fasteners for assembly of the end bell to the motor housing and supplemental supports may be pre - attached to the base plate , molded into the molded insert or added in a post - mold operation . deformations in the end bell may be used to couple the molded insert to the end bell . | 7 |
a conveyor assembly 18 that detects bags that leak . the assembly 18 includes a first conveyor 24 that operates in unison with a second conveyor 29 . the conveyors 24 and 29 confine the bags in chambers , with the bags being engaged by pressure assemblies 50 so that the bags that leak are reduced in volume . the bags are engaged at a downstream position and at an upstream position by detection devices 44 that provide a signal indicative of the volume of each bag . these signals are compared to thereby identify bags that leak . | 6 |
according to an illustrative embodiment , an information processing apparatus is provided . the information processing apparatus includes a storage for storing content identification and content type information in association with each other , the content identification identifying a content that a renderer acquired from a server and reproduced ; an input unit for receiving a reproduction request specifying the content type information ; and a transmission unit for retrieving the content identification associated with the specified content type information from the storage and transmitting to the renderer an instruction for reproduction , the instruction for reproduction including the content identification . | 7 |
a lock having a low co - efficient of thermal conductivity for use with appliances having a large thermal differential between their interior and exterior . the lock includes a self - mounting body having an axial bore therethrough , a rotatable latch carrying a plug located in said bore and a constantly axially spring - urged key ejector means which carries locking means cooperating with complementary means in said body . | 4 |
a discontinuous capillary coating device . at least one capillary tube is filled with a coating material . at least one coating substrate receives a liquid coating film . at least one capillary tube holder holds the capillary tube , guiding movement of the capillary tube . at least one traversing mechanism drives the capillary tube holder or coating substrate to move . | 1 |
We consider r-process nucleosynthesis in outflows from black hole accretion discs formed in double neutron star and neutron star-black hole mergers. These outflows, powered by angular momentum transport processes and nuclear recombination, represent an important - and in some cases dominant - contribution to the total mass ejected by the merger. Here we calculate the nucleosynthesis yields from disc outflows using thermodynamic trajectories from hydrodynamic simulations, coupled to a nuclear reaction network. We find that outflows produce a robust abundance pattern around the second r-process peak (mass number A ∼ 130), independent of model parameters, with significant production of A < 130 nuclei. This implies that dynamical ejecta with high electron fraction may not be required to explain the observed abundances of r-process elements in metal poor stars. Disc outflows reach the third peak (A ∼ 195) in most of our simulations, although the amounts produced depend sensitively on the disc viscosity, initial mass or entropy of the torus, and nuclear physics inputs. Some of our models produce an abundance spike at A = 132 that is absent in the Solar system r-process distribution. The spike arises from convection in the disc and depends on the treatment of nuclear heating in the simulations. We conclude that disc outflows provide an important - and perhaps dominant - contribution to the r-process yields of compact binary mergers, and hence must be included when assessing the contribution of these systems to the inventory of r-process elements in the Galaxy. | 9 |
a water - flow detector with an electronic time delay . there is a light - emitting diode and photo - transistor detector pair , a timer comprising an oscillator and a counter , and an alarm relay . the output of the photo - transistor is applied to the reset input of the counter , and the counter output is applied to the relay . the electronic assembly is positioned over the actuator arm of a paddle - type flow sensor assembly in such a way that movement of the arm by water - flow blocks the light path between the emitter and detector , which causes the photo - transistor output to go low , which releases the reset on the counter . the counter counts a predetermined time delay sufficient to avoid nuisance alarms due to temporary surges in the water conduit , and then activates the relay . | 6 |
We introduce the scientific motivations for the development of the Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph (CUBES) that is now in construction for the Very Large Telescope. The assembled cases span a broad range of contemporary topics across Solar System, Galactic and extragalactic astronomy, where observations are limited by the performance of current ground-based spectrographs shortwards of 400 nm. A brief background to each case is presented and specific technical requirements on the instrument design that flow-down from each case are identified. These were used as inputs to the CUBES design, that will provide a factor of ten gain in efficiency for astronomical spectroscopy over 300-405 nm, at resolving powers of R ∼ 24,000 and ∼7,000. We include performance estimates that demonstrate the ability of CUBES to observe sources that are up to three magnitudes fainter than currently possible at ground-ultraviolet wavelengths, and we place its predicted performance in the context of existing facillities. | 9 |
We report on three-dimensional (3D) MHD simulations of the formation of jets produced during the emergence and eruption of solar magnetic fields. The interaction between an emerging and an ambient magnetic field in the solar atmosphere leads to (external) reconnection and the formation of "standard" jets with an inverse Y-shaped configuration. Eventually, low-atmosphere (internal) reconnection of sheared fieldlines in the emerging flux region produces an erupting magnetic flux rope and a reconnection jet underneath it. The erupting plasma blows out the ambient field and, moreover, it unwinds as it is ejected into the outer solar atmosphere. The fast emission of the cool material that erupts together with the hot outflows due to external/internal reconnection form a wider "blowout" jet. We show the transition from "standard" to "blowout" jets and report on their 3D structure. The physical plasma properties of the jets are consistent with observational studies. | 9 |
Context. Small planets located at the lower mode of the bimodal radius distribution are generally assumed to be composed of iron and silicates in a proportion similar to that of the Earth. However, recent discoveries are revealing a new group of low-density planets that are inconsistent with that description. <BR /> Aims: We intend to confirm and characterize the TESS planet candidate TOI-244.01, which orbits the bright (K = 7.97 mag), nearby (d = 22 pc), and early-type (M2.5 V) M-dwarf star GJ 1018 with an orbital period of 7.4 days. <BR /> Methods: We used Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to model 57 precise radial velocity measurements acquired by the ESPRESSO spectrograph together with TESS photometry and complementary HARPS data. Our model includes a planetary component and Gaussian processes aimed at modeling the correlated stellar and instrumental noise. <BR /> Results: We find TOI-244 b to be a super-Earth with a radius of R<SUB>p</SUB> = 1.52 ± 0.12 R<SUB>⊕</SUB> and a mass of M<SUB>p</SUB> = 2.68 ± 0.30 M<SUB>⊕</SUB>. These values correspond to a density of ρ = 4.2 ± 1.1 g cm<SUP>−3</SUP>, which is below what would be expected for an Earth-like composition. We find that atmospheric loss processes may have been efficient to remove a potential primordial hydrogen envelope, but high mean molecular weight volatiles such as water could have been retained. Our internal structure modeling suggests that TOI-244 b has a 479<SUB>−96</SUB><SUP>+128</SUP> km thick hydrosphere over a 1.17 ± 0.09 R<SUB>⊕</SUB> solid structure composed of a Fe-rich core and a silicate-dominated mantle compatible with that of the Earth. On a population level, we find two tentative trends in the density-metallicity and density-insolation parameter space for the low-density super-Earths, which may hint at their composition. <BR /> Conclusions: With a 8% precision in radius and 12% precision in mass, TOI-244 b is among the most precisely characterized super-Earths, which, together with the likely presence of an extended hydrosphere, makes it a key target for atmospheric observations. <P />Full Tables A.1-A.5 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/">cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/675/A52">https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/675/A52</A> | 9 |
one problem with web - based information is that it is typically presented without being personalized or tailored to fit a particular user &# 39 ; s needs and requirements . another problem relates to calls such as telephone calls , video calls or other multimedia calls made between two or more call members . here it is often required to provide detailed information during the call . by storing a plurality of web pages and associating each of those web pages with information about one or more potential calls , it is possible to select one of those web pages for provision to a particular call member . for example , a user may store a web page for provision to family members , another for customers , and another for new enquiries . information about a call is obtained and used to select an appropriate one of the stored web pages . this selected web page is then provided to the call member which is for example a wireless terminal with a web browser arranged to display the web page . the web pages may be stored on a web server or alternatively on the terminal used by the call member to take part in the call . | 6 |
a method for maintaining critical dimension during the etching of dielectrics , having the following steps : depositing a layer of photoresist over a layer of dielectric ; patterning the photoresist such that voids are formed in the photoresist , the voids having sidewalls and a bottom ; depositing an overlayer in an etch chamber ; transferring the patterning in the photoresist to the dielectric . | 7 |
the invention relates to a method for inspecting cigarette heads , where light radiates in at least two strip - like portions , which are incident from different directions , onto the end area of a cigarette head and light reflected from the end area is received by a detector and evaluated . known methods of this type have the disadvantage that they are inaccurate and do not allow exact statements to be made about the state of cigarettes . therefore , the invention is based on the problem of improving the inspection of cigarettes . this problem is solved by virtue of the fact that , in the course of evaluation , a distance between two lines which are produced from a signal generated by the detector and correspond to the strip - shaped portions is determined in order to establish the position of that region of the cigarette head which is irradiated by the portions . furthermore , the invention relates to a corresponding apparatus . | 0 |
a method with novel procedures to enable device mobility in zigbee networks is invented and the method can be used in zigbee systems for managing mobile devices under different applications , like mobile devices control system and mobile announcement system . the method solves the problems of the short address assignment and pending data buffering for the left - over devices in a zigbee system . the present invention is dedicated to the management of mobile devices in a zigbee system . | 7 |
Over the past decade, the Cassini-Huygens mission to the Saturn system has revolutionized our understanding of Titan and its climate. Veiled in a thick organic haze, Titan's visible appearance belies an active, seasonal weather cycle operating in the lower atmosphere. Here we review the climate of Titan, as gleaned from observations and models. Titan's cold surface temperatures (∼90 K) allow methane to form clouds and precipitation analogously to Earth's hydrologic cycle. Because of Titan's slow rotation and small size, its atmospheric circulation falls into a regime resembling Earth's tropics, with weak horizontal temperature gradients. A general overview of how Titan's atmosphere responds to seasonal forcing is provided by estimating a number of climate-related timescales. Titan lacks a global ocean, but methane is cold-trapped at the poles in large seas, and models indicate that weak baroclinic storms form at the boundary of Titan's wet and dry regions. Titan's saturated troposphere is a substantial reservoir of methane, supplied by deep convection from the summer poles. A significant seasonal cycle, first revealed by observations of clouds, causes Titan's convergence zone to migrate deep into the summer hemispheres, but its connection to polar convection remains undetermined. Models suggest that downwelling of air at the winter pole communicates upper-level radiative cooling, reducing the stability of the middle troposphere and priming the atmosphere for spring and summer storms when sunlight returns to Titan's lakes. Despite great gains in our understanding of Titan, many challenges remain. The greatest mystery is how Titan is able to retain an abundance of atmospheric methane with only limited surface liquids, while methane is being irreversibly destroyed by photochemistry. A related mystery is how Titan is able to hide all the ethane that is produced in this process. Future studies will need to consider the interactions between Titan's atmosphere, surface, and subsurface in order to make further progress in understanding Titan's complex climate system. | 9 |
a method for automatically loading bags of recyclable containers into a trailer . the containers of plastic bags are put onto a conveyor , which delivers them to a loader having a ram to push the bags of containers into the trailer automatically . in a preferred embodiment , a computer assisted by electric eye sensors controls the number of strokes of the ram , and controls when the conveyor and loader is operating . | 1 |
an alert system for patient treatment that incorporates patient data to display information in readily identifiable icons for vital organs , and in a useable , real - time , updated fashion that extracts data from the medical history , the current medical management , and the current physiologic monitors to produce warnings and alerts to enable practitioners to be made aware of physiologic systems at risk , . these data are not only presented , but also use real - time queries and calculations to enable practitioners to have the types of data that would traditionally assist them in patient care but only be available by reviewing the medical literature and / or doing retrospective individual calculations while providing patient care . | 6 |
Early in their lives, planets endure extreme amounts of ionizing radiation from their host stars. For planets with primordial hydrogen and helium-rich envelopes, this can lead to substantial mass loss. Direct observations of atmospheric escape in young planetary systems can help elucidate this critical stage of planetary evolution. In this work, we search for metastable helium absorption-a tracer of tenuous gas in escaping atmospheres-during transits of three planets orbiting the young solar analog V1298 Tau. We characterize the stellar helium line using HET/HPF, and find that it evolves substantially on timescales of days to months. The line is stable on hour-long timescales except for one set of spectra taken during the decay phase of a stellar flare, where absoprtion increased with time. Utilizing a beam-shaping diffuser and a narrowband filter centered on the helium feature, we observe four transits with Palomar/WIRC: two partial transits of planet d (P = 12.4 days), one partial transit of planet b (P = 24.1 days), and one full transit of planet c (P = 8.2 days). We do not detect the transit of planet c, and we find no evidence of excess absorption for planet b, with ΔR <SUB>b</SUB>/R <SUB>⋆</SUB> < 0.019 in our bandpass. We find a tentative absorption signal for planet d with ΔR <SUB>d</SUB>/R <SUB>⋆</SUB> = 0.0205 ± 0.054, but the best-fit model requires a substantial (-100 ± 14 minutes) transit-timing offset on a two-month timescale. Nevertheless, our data suggest that V1298 Tau d may have a high present-day mass-loss rate, making it a priority target for follow-up observations. | 9 |
a method of concentrating ozone gas including : causing ozone gas contained in ozone - oxygen mixture gas to be selectively adsorbed to adsorbents which are filled in a non - cooled state in at least two adsorbing cylinders arranged parallel to one another ; desorbing the ozone gas from the adsorbents by subjecting a depressurizing process to each adsorbing cylinder during an ozone gas desorption operation ; repeating an adsorption step and a desorption step alternately in the at least two adsorbing cylinders ; and controlling the adsorbing cylinders , in such a way that one of the adsorbing cylinders is performing the adsorption step while another one of the adsorbing cylinders is performing the desorption step . | 1 |
a method for removing volatile organic compounds from an effluent or exhaust stream produced by an industrial or commercial process that allows for both adsorption and catalytic destruction of the vocs . the method utilizes a bed containing both adsorbent material and catalytic material , either as an admixture or as separate layers of the two materials . during the preferred mode of operation , one section of the bed collects vocs from the effluent while simultaneously , in another section of the bed , collected vocs are destroyed and the bed material is regenerated . this process can continuously eliminate vocs from an effluent without interruption by rotating the bed through the adsorption and regeneration zones or by rotary feeding of the effluent and an oxygen containing gas to different portions of the bed . | 1 |
Data and code associated with: "Chytrid infections exhibit historical spread and contemporary seasonality in a declining stream-breeding frog" (Belasen et al. 2024). | 9 |
In order to probe modifications of gravity at cosmological scales, one needs accurate theoretical predictions. N-body simulations are required to explore the non-linear regime of structure formation but are very time consuming. In this work, we release a new public emulator, dubbed E-MANTIS, that performs an accurate and fast interpolation between the predictions of f(R) modified gravity cosmological simulations, run with ECOSMOG. We sample a wide 3D parameter space given by the current background scalar field value $10^{-7}\lt \left|f_{R_0}\right|\lt 10^{-4}$, matter density 0.24 < Ω<SUB>m</SUB> < 0.39, and primordial power spectrum normalization 0.6 < σ<SUB>8</SUB> < 1.0, with 110 points sampled from a Latin hypercube. For each model we perform pairs of f(R)CDM and ΛCDM simulations covering an effective volume of $\left(560 \, h^{-1}\, \mathrm{Mpc}\right)^3$ with a mass resolution of ~2 × 10<SUP>10</SUP>h<SUP>-1</SUP>M<SUB>⊙</SUB>. We build an emulator for the matter power spectrum boost B(k) = P<SUB>f(R)</SUB>(k)/P<SUB>ΛCDM</SUB>(k) using a Gaussian process regression method. The boost is mostly independent of h, n<SUB>s</SUB>, and Ω<SUB>b</SUB>, which reduces the dimensionality of the relevant cosmological parameter space. Additionally, it is more robust against statistical and systematic errors than the raw power spectrum, thus strongly reducing our computational needs. According to our dedicated study of numerical systematics, the resulting emulator has an estimated maximum error of 3 per cent across the whole cosmological parameter space, for scales $0.03 \ h\, \mathrm{Mpc}^{-1} \lt k \lt 7 \ h\, \mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$, and redshifts 0 < z < 2, while in most cases the accuracy is better than 1 per cent. Such an emulator could be used to constrain f(R) gravity with weak lensing analyses. | 9 |
in an analog test system for testing integrated circuit chips , ac level calibration is achieved by adding a minimal number of new elements and more fully utilizing elements existing in the system . a reference voltage from an existing precision dc power source is fed to an analog switching device . a control signal is also fed into the analog switching device from an existing digital signal generator . based on the control signal , the analog switching device converts the reference voltage into a rectangular waveform signal , which is then digitized . the digital signal is analyzed , and data from the digital signal is compared with reference data , and the ac level error , if any , is determined . ac level calibration is based on this error . | 6 |
an advertising mat including a floor mat having a bottom surface for engaging a floor and an upper surface over which pedestrian traffic will pass . the mat upper surface includes a traffic section adapted for placement in a pedestrian path , and at least one side section having a plurality of hold down tabs . the side section is adjacent the traffic section . a panel including a top surface bearing advertising indicia is configured for placement in the side section . the plurality of hold down tabs releasably secures the panel in the side section . | 8 |
an intelligent hard disk drive subsystem including control circuitry and disk drive storage media along with drive mechanics in a combination including a standardized interface between the intelligent subsystem and a host computer wherein the data is buffered , serialized , deserialized , conditioned , precompensated , and located within the media , all under the control of a microprocessor within the subsystem . a method of formatting the media is provided which eliminates the need for a track 0 sensing switch , and which provides for formatted guard bands on the disk . the formatting process locates the head through a sequence of writing , indexing , and reading , until a stop is located by the fact that the head reads what it has just written . | 6 |
construction of a recombinant bacterial host which is substantially immune to a normally infectious viral agent is disclosed . in one embodiment a foreign recombinant reproducible gene segment is inserted into the bacterial cell . the gene segment is a partially defective variant of a gene segment from the infectious virus of interest . the viral gene segment , in its naturally occurring and fully operational form , normally codes for a non - repressor protein which participates in a multi - protein complex used in the development of the virus . however , the partially defective gene present in the bacterial cell codes for a defective protein that will bind to the remainder of the multi - protein complex with a greater affinity than the virus &# 39 ; fully operational protein . the &# 34 ; new &# 34 ; protein complex will therefore be inactive and will inhibit the ability of the foreign agent to use the multi - protein complex for its development . | 2 |
a method for fabricating a dynamic random access memory capacitor is disclosed . the method may comprise depositing a first titanium nitride electrode ; creating a first layer of titanium dioxide on the first tin electrode ; depositing a dielectric material on the first layer of titanium dioxide ; and depositing a second tin electrode on the dielectric material . | 7 |
a face mask , and specifically a surgical face mask , that uses aromatherapy to combat symptoms or improve the user &# 39 ; s mood , and thoughts . | 0 |
Dataset, code, and figures from Wall et al., (2020) Molecular Ecology. We leveraged a large-scale reforestation project on Hawai'i Island underway for over three decades to assess whether arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities have concurrently been restored. The reference ecosystem for this restoration project is a remnant montane native Hawaiian forest that provides critical habitat for endangered birds. We sampled soils from 12 plots within remnant and restored forest patches and characterized AM fungal communities using high throughput Illumina MiSeq DNA sequencing. | 9 |
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