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This release corresponds to our final submission to Nature Comms in April 2022 | 9 |
a modular hip joint prosthesis is assembled from a head section having a connection for the ball of the joint and from a shaft section . the shaft section is joined by a insert connection to the head section , and provision is made for fixing the insert connection . the insert connection is situated in the region of shenton &# 39 ; s arc . the respective contours , in longitudinal section , of the head and shaft sections in the region of the connection merge smoothly , without any substantial change in direction , irrespective of the relative mutual alignments of the sections at any given time , with the exception of a gap in the immediate vicinity of the connection . | 0 |
a dynamic incrementer , implemented in the self resetting complementary metal oxide semiconductor circuit family , which internally performs single rail calculations and which generates the dual rail result using a strobing technique . the carry - lookahead function is implemented with an or tree using the complement input signals , resulting in a very fast and economical incrementer . | 6 |
Internal redox reactions may irreversibly alter the mantle composition and volatile inventory of terrestrial and super-Earth exoplanets and affect the prospects for atmospheric observations. The global efficacy of these mechanisms, however, hinges on the transfer of reduced iron from the molten silicate mantle to the metal core. Scaling analysis indicates that turbulent diffusion in the internal magma oceans of sub-Neptunes can kinetically entrain liquid iron droplets and quench core formation. This suggests that the chemical equilibration between core, mantle, and atmosphere may be energetically limited by convective overturn in the magma flow. Hence, molten super-Earths possibly retain a compositional memory of their accretion path. Redox control by magma ocean circulation is positively correlated with planetary heat flow, internal gravity, and planet size. The presence and speciation of remanent atmospheres, surface mineralogy, and core mass fraction of primary envelope-stripped exoplanets may thus constrain magma ocean dynamics. | 9 |
a mechanism for suspending a mower deck from a vehicle , including a suspension member having a longitudinally extending axis and a laterally extending portion which supports the deck at a plurality of spaced locations . a structural member fixed with the vehicle includes an opening within which the suspension member is positioned . a position retainer is coupled with the suspension member and abuts the structural member for blocking the suspension member from shifting along its longitudinal axis out of the opening . engagement of the suspension member within the opening of the structural member is the sole location at which the suspension member is connected to the vehicle . a removable blocking member is positioned adjacent the opening for generally blocking the suspension member from shifting laterally with respect to its axis and out of the opening . the opening is defined in a surface oriented generally perpendicular to the axis of the suspension member . | 8 |
In this paper we present a simple, toy model of single-field inflation in which the standard non-Gaussianity consistency condition is violated. In this model the curvature perturbations on super-horizon scales are not conserved and the decaying modes of perturbations are not negligible in the non-attractor phase. As a result a large local non-Gaussianity can be obtained in the squeezed limit which violates the standard non-Gaussianity consistency condition for the single-field models. | 9 |
a masterbatch including an ethylene copolymer and at least one ethylene comonomer having at least one polar group , an organic peroxide , and an anti - oxidant , the organic peroxide accounting for 0 . 2 to 100 parts by weight , for 100 parts by weight of the copolymer , and the anti - oxidant accounting for 0 . 02 to 50 parts by weight , for 100 parts by weight of the copolymer . also , methods for preparing the masterbatch and to the uses of said masterbatch for manufacturing insulating layers for electric cables and for limiting or preventing the water tree phenomenon for electric cables . | 8 |
a method of counting the number of tracks on an optical disk each track comprising a plurality of sectors each having an address segment and a plurality of data segments , each of the segments having at its head portion a region for recording an access code representing a track number to which the segment belongs . the method comprises the steps of sampling the access code number through an optical head , obtaining a code number difference between the present sampled access code number and the previous sampled access code number , and adding the code number difference to a track count value to obtain the number of the tracks that the optical head moves to traverse . this method can accurately and surely count the number of the tracks of an optical disk . | 6 |
a semiconductor device includes grooves defining an active region , including a misfet , and dummy regions . a first interlayer insulation film is formed over the misfet , the active region and the dummy regions . a first wiring , and first and second dummy wirings are formed over the first interlayer insulation film . a second interlayer insulation film is formed over the first wiring and the dummy wirings . the second dummy wirings are arranged between the first wiring and the first dummy wirings , and the pitch of the first dummy wirings is larger than that of the second dummy wirings . in planar view , the first and second dummy wirings are arranged over the dummy regions , and the size of each of the first dummy wirings is larger than size of each of the second dummy wirings . the first wiring and the first and second dummy wirings are formed of copper as a major component . | 7 |
a directory assistance system includes a request handling module for receiving a plurality of incoming directory assistance requests from requesters and an agent platform for handling the directory assistance requests by providing at least one listing to the requester . a record database stores a record relating to the first request , and includes a first identifier , a time and a listing entry . an incoming request tracking module tracks second incoming directory assistance requests , by reviewing a second identifier associated with the directory assistance request , comparing the second identifier against the first identifiers in the records , and if a record has a matching first identifier to second identifier from request , then , prior to the second request being sent to the agent platform , offering to automatically provide the stored listing entry from the record to the requester . | 7 |
a device for testing the compactibility of a sample of granular material is described including a delivery structure with an invertible riddle , a testing structure with a plunger to compress the sample and an encoder to measure the compactibility of the sample , and a specimen tube mounted on a carriage which traverses between the delivery and testing structures . a wiper levels the sample within the specimen tube . the floor of the specimen tube can be raised to eject the sample after testing and the same wiper cleans the raised floor . a control panel activates and coordinates the operation of the device . | 6 |
embodiments of the present invention provide a method of fabricating a contact structure in a layer of dielectric material between a semiconductor device and a back - end - of - line interconnect . the method includes creating at least one contact opening in said layer of dielectric material ; forming a first tin film through a chemical - vapor deposition process , said first tin film lining said contact opening ; and forming a second tin film through a physical vapor deposition process , said second tin film lining said first tin film . a contact structure fabricated according to embodiments of the invention is also provided . | 7 |
a method for operating an air - conditioning system for an aircraft includes compressing ambient air with a compressor driven by a shaft in communication with a motor and a turbine . the method includes forwarding the compressed air to an aircraft cabin for circulation and removing circulated compressed air from the aircraft cabin . the method also includes forwarding the circulated compressed air to the turbine , depressurizing the circulated compressed air in the turbine and capturing energy created by depressurizing the circulated compressed air . | 1 |
a recording medium readable by a computer , tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the computer to modify a document including a plurality of areas , a part or all of the plurality of areas including identification , is provided . the program includes the steps of inputting the document , inputting an instruction to the plurality of areas specified by the identification , modifying the document according to the instruction inputted to the plurality of areas specified by the identification , and outputting the document . according to the program , documents slightly different from each other can be created dynamically and easily , by use of a single original document and instructions , and thus productivity of the documents increases . | 6 |
a system for providing anti - virus protection to a web server . a web server is disclosed , comprising : an active element filter for stripping an active element from a web page being stored at the web server such that the active element is not stored at the web server ; and an active element insertion system for inserting a new active element into the web page when the web page is requested from the web server , wherein the new active element performs a similar action to that of the active element that was stripped by the active element filter . | 7 |
a method of facing a roof structure includes securing a facing to respective lower flanges of first and second spaced - apart purlins of the roof structure , with the facing extending directly between the respective lower flanges of the first and second purlins . a carriage is suspended from purlins of the roof structure and supports a roll of facing . the facing is dispensed and adhesively secured to the purlins by moving the carriage relative to the purlins and / or by maintaining the carriage in a stationary position and pulling facing from the roll of facing supported on the carriage . the resulting faced roof structure provides an enhanced appearance and more uniform and higher r - value insulation . | 4 |
a liquid feed apparatus which returns liquid to a tank by emptying a common pipe to prevent mixing of liquids . the liquid feed apparatus further does not display the amount of liquid in the feed pipe at the beginning of the liquid feed from the nozzle to prevent any error in liquid feed amount . | 6 |
We perform a spectroscopic survey of the foreground population in Orion A with MMT/Hectospec. We use these data, along with archival spectroscopic data and photometric data, to derive spectral types, extinction values, and masses for 691 stars. Using the Spitzer Space Telescope data, we characterize the disk properties of these sources. We identify 37 new transition disk (TD) objects, 1 globally depleted disk candidate, and 7 probable young debris disks. We discover an object with a mass of less than 0.018-0.030 M <SUB>⊙</SUB>, which harbors a flaring disk. Using the Hα emission line, we characterize the accretion activity of the sources with disks, and confirm that the fraction of accreting TDs is lower than that of optically thick disks (46% ± 7% versus 73% ± 9%, respectively). Using kinematic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and APOGEE INfrared Spectroscopy of the Young Nebulous Clusters program (IN-SYNC), we confirm that the foreground population shows similar kinematics to their local molecular clouds and other young stars in the same regions. Using the isochronal ages, we find that the foreground population has a median age of around 1-2 Myr, which is similar to that of other young stars in Orion A. Therefore, our results argue against the presence of a large and old foreground cluster in front of Orion A. | 9 |
We observed the nearby irregular galaxy IC 1613 with the Chandra X-ray Observatory, for 49.9 ks using the ACIS S3 chip, and with the VLA at 6 cm for 0.7 hr. The Chandra observation targeted the extensive bubble region in the northeast quadrant. We detect 31 sources within the D <SUB>25</SUB> diameter above a significance of 3σ corresponding to a point-source luminosity limit L <SUB>X</SUB> of ≈2 × 10<SUP>35</SUP> erg s<SUP>-1</SUP> (0.3-8 keV band). The VLA observation covered the entire galaxy with an angular resolution of 5″. We detect 11 sources: five do not fall on the ACIS chips, four fall on the S3 CCD, and two sit on the edge of the S2 CCD. We also describe corresponding Spitzer IRAC and MIPS images. Our detected source list matches the lists of two previous global point-source analyses except at the faint end. With the exception of one bright supernova remnant, the sources appear to be low-luminosity stellar sources (e.g., RS CVn stars) or X-ray binaries, or background objects. We identify one candidate supersoft source. All but one of the sources have at least one optical or infrared counterpart; three sources have radio counterparts. We describe our search for diffuse emission from the bubble region. We assign an upper limit of ≈5 × 10<SUP>35</SUP> erg s<SUP>-1</SUP> on the integrated flux and ≈1.4 × 10<SUP>30</SUP> erg s<SUP>-1</SUP> pc<SUP>-2</SUP> on the surface brightness emission in the 0.5-2 keV band from that region. | 9 |
a diving stick of the type which , after being tossed into a swimming pool , sinks to the bottom while maintaining an upright posture so that it can easily be grasped by a diver , includes a soft malleable outer body designed to prevent accidental impalement , and provisions for enabling the diving stick to sink and maintain an upright posture at the bottom of the pool despite the buoyancy of the soft malleable material . | 0 |
methodology enabling a generation of fins having a variable fin pitch less than 40 nm , and the resulting device are disclosed . embodiments include : forming a hardmask on a substrate ; providing first and second mandrels on the hardmask ; providing a first spacer on each side of each of the first and second mandrels ; removing the first and second mandrels ; providing , after removal of the first and second mandrels , a second spacer on each side of each of the first spacers ; and removing the first spacers . | 7 |
a magnetic resonance facility has a main magnet unit with a cylindrical patient accommodation region , and an optical display apparatus with at least one display unit disposed within the patient accommodation region in a region viewable by a patient positioned therein for the magnetic resonance measurement . the display apparatus is shaped at least partially to follow the boundary of the patient accommodation region . | 0 |
a hardware control loop derives an agc setting for a communication receiver based on signal strength information , without incurring program execution delay of a baseband processor . | 7 |
the method can be implemented on a processor executing software instructions stored in memory . in one embodiment of the invention , the method includes receiving an ethernet frame , wherein the ethernet frame comprises a transmission control protocol header , wherein the tcp header comprises a tcp header length value . when the ethernet frame is received , the tcp header length value is compared to a predetermined value . | 7 |
a developing apparatus for xerography including a developing roll , a regulator member for controlling developer thickness located proximate to the developing roll , and an elastic plate member arranged to elastically apply pressure to uniformly spread the developer on the developing roll . | 6 |
a part inspection and calibration method for the inspection of integrated circuits includes a camera to image a precision pattern mask deposited on a transparent reticle . small parts are placed on or above the transparent reticle to be inspected . a light source and overhead light reflective diffuser provide illumination . an overhead mirror or prism reflects a side view of the part under inspection to the camera . the scene of the part is triangulated and the dimensions of the system can thus be calibrated . a reference line is located on the transparent reticle to allow an image through the prism to the camera of the reference line between the side view and the bottom view . a precise reticle mask with dot patterns gives an additional set of information needed for calibration . by imaging more than one dot pattern the missing state values can be resolved using an iterative trigonometric solution . the system optics are designed to focus images for all perspectives without the need for an additional focusing element . | 7 |
the instant invention is broadly directed to novel polyether esters and the use thereof in manufacturing polyurethane resins . the novel products are produced by esterifying an alkoxylated , halogenated bisphenol , a polycarboxylic acid and a dihydric alcohol . | 2 |
arbutin monoesters are employed in a composition for topical application , as a depigmenting and / or bleaching agent for human skin , hair and / or head hair . the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a composition of at least one arbutin monoester in a physiologically acceptable medium for depigmenting and / or bleaching human skin , hair and / or head hair . | 0 |
a segmented carbon seal assembly for mounting into a machined housing around an application runner includes a segmented carbon seal ring , and an annular outer shell radially outside and surrounding the segmented seal , an annular retainer plate retained by the outer shell , drive lugs formed in the outer diameter of the outer shell for mating with the machine and fingers extending from the outer shell into the segmented seal and springs extending from the seal ring and pressing against the retainer plate . | 8 |
packaging materials made from water - soluble nylons are disclosed , that readily contain materials such as caustic chemicals and upon exposure to water dissolve to provide for the release of the chemical into an aqueous environment . the materials are made from select polyether diamines and select aliphatic dicarboxylic acids . | 8 |
a method of gaming in a gaming system comprising : initiating a bonus game comprising a plurality of levels having a defined sequence ; determining a group of participants in the bonus game ; associating each participant with a level such that each participant is eligible to a bonus win based on the level with which the participant is currently associated ; awarding a bonus win to one of the participants ; and associating a subsequent level with each of the participants in response to the bonus win such that each participant is eligible to a subsequent bonus win based on the subsequent level associated with the participant . | 6 |
a method for forming a concrete masonry block having external plates . the external plates with anchors are indexed on pallets that are fed into concrete casting machines by proper location of the plates . concrete mixture is deposited inside of a mold and compressed into the mold with anchors being located in the concrete material and having at least one external plate . thereafter , the concrete masonry block with the external plate is removed from the mold and cured . | 1 |
apparatus to fill any lined semibulk bag - like container , and through mechanical functions , to remove any twists or creases which could hamper the loading or unloading process . during filling , the apparatus will automatically separate the liner from the bag , except for the bottom section which is tied . the liner is then inflated to remove any twists after which product flow is activated at a trickle rate . after an automatically sensor - controlled amount of product has flowed into the inner liner at the trickle rate , the liner is lowered to full load position and the product flow is automatically activated to full flow at a greater rate . when a second set point is reached , the trickle rate is automatically activated again to top off the container to the predetermined amount of product , after which the unit turns off for container removal . | 1 |
a magnet keeper - shield assembly adapted to hold and store a permanent magnet used to generate a high gradient magnetic field . such a field may penetrate into deep targeted tumor sites in order to attract magnetically responsive micro - carriers . the magnet keeper - shield assembly includes a magnetically permeable keeper - shield with a bore dimensioned to hold the magnet . a screw driven actuator is used to push the magnet partially out of the keeper - shield . the actuator is assisted by several springs extending through the base of the keeper - shield . | 0 |
the present disclosure provides systems and methods for configuring and constructing a single photo detector or array of photo detectors with all fabrications circuitry on a single side and an architecture that enables the laser step to be the final step or a late step in the fabrication process . both the anode and the cathode contacts of the diode are placed on a single side , while a layer of laser treated semiconductor is placed on the opposite side for enhanced cost - effectiveness , photon detection , and fill factor . | 7 |
a process is provided for the recovery of one or more useful products including fertilizer , animal feed supplements , iron oxide , magnesia , salt , purified brine , and purified water from brines . the source of the brines can be oil and gas field wastes , seawater or effluent from a seawater desalination plant , or other inland brine sources . iron and magnesium are initially precipitated from the brine . then phosphoric acid is added to the brine followed by an alkaline agent to produce precipitates useful as fertilizer and animal feed supplements . the remaining salt in the brine may then be removed and recovered along with purified water . | 2 |
this invention relates to device , systems , kits and methods that enable selective dissection of lung tissue to remove diseased tissue from healthy tissue without damaging blood vessels or airways . the invention and methods enable minimally invasive lung surgery procedures by providing a device and method to perform automated dissection that discriminates against traumatizing critical lung tissue . | 0 |
The apparent clustering in longitude of perihelion ϖ and ascending node Ω of extreme trans-Neptunian objects (ETNOs) has been attributed to the gravitational effects of an unseen 5-10 Earth-mass planet in the outer solar system. To investigate how selection bias may contribute to this clustering, we consider 14 ETNOs discovered by the Dark Energy Survey, the Outer Solar System Origins Survey, and the survey of Sheppard and Trujillo. Using each survey's published pointing history, depth, and TNO tracking selections, we calculate the joint probability that these objects are consistent with an underlying parent population with uniform distributions in ϖ and Ω. We find that the mean scaled longitude of perihelion and orbital poles of the detected ETNOs are consistent with a uniform population at a level between 17% and 94% and thus conclude that this sample provides no evidence for angular clustering. | 9 |
an automated system for translating datalink information and producing a computer code based on the translated datalink information . the computer code may subsequently be used to establish datalink communications between pieces of equipment having different communication protocols . the automated production of computer code reduces time and errors during software development for applications used in communicating between different datalinks . | 7 |
a method is disclosed of constructing a composite material structure , comprised of an aerogel precursor foundation , which is then overlaid throughout its interior with an even and continuous thin layer film of doped thermoelectric semiconductor such that electrical current is transmitted as a quantum surface phenomena , while the cross - section for thermal conductivity is kept low , with the aerogel itself dissipating that thermal conductivity . in one preferred embodiment this is achieved using a modified successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction in the liquid phase . | 7 |
a method for improving scene classification of a digital image comprising the steps of : providing an image ; systematically recomposing the image to generate an expanded set of images ; and using a classifier and the expanded set of images to determine a scene classification for the image , whereby the expanded set of images provides at least one of an improved classifier and an improved classification result . | 6 |
in a method for operating an internal combustion engine equipped with a piston pump as a high - pressure pump , which is driven by a drive shaft of the engine , in which the high - pressure pump delivers fuel from a low - pressure region to a high - pressure side and a quantity control valve sets the quantity of fuel delivered by the high - pressure pump , the acoustic emission of the high - pressure pump is reduced by virtue of the fact that the high - pressure pump functions in a two - point operation , alternating between full delivery for individual or successive piston strokes and idle delivery for individual or successive piston strokes and , when the pressure falls below a lower pressure threshold , the full delivery is activated until an upper pressure threshold is reached . | 5 |
a magnetic head having a control portion provided integrally with an opposing surface located opposing the recording surface of a magnetic disc or a head mount for generating a negative pressure between the control portion and the magnetic disc to attract the magnetic disc towards the magnetic head , thereby generating an adequate and sufficient negative pressure in the vicinity of the magnetic head and achieving a good head touch . this configuration enables compact design of the mechanism and an increased recording area of the magnetic disc compared with the case in which a magnetic head and a negative pressure generation type stabilizing plate to attract the magnetic disc towards the magnetic head are separately disposed , and eliminates the need for procedures for separate positioning of the individual magnetic head and stabilizing plate , thereby achieving a considerable reduction in manufacturing steps and production cost . | 6 |
a channel assignment system assigns channels to various cells by the optimal partitioning of the available radio frequencies into non - overlapping sets , the optimal grouping of co - user cells , and the best assignment of the former to the latter . the objective is the maximization of traffic handling capacity which , given the multitude of cells , is expressed as the maximization of a bottleneck capacity ratio . the capacity ratio for a cell is defined as the ratio of the number of radio frequencies assigned to the cell over the number of radio frequencies needed to meet blocking probability requirements . the solution to attain an optimal non - regular channel assignment is decomposed into two mathematical programs designated a master program and a subprogram . these are solved iteratively with assistance from a channel set augmentation technique implemented between solutions of the master and subprogram . | 7 |
Code and post-processed data for the manuscript 'Minimal Impact of Late-season Melt Events on Greenland Ice Sheet Annual Motion' submitted to Geophysical Research Letters. | 9 |
a trailer having a tobacco receiving box thereon is connected to a tobacco harvester which in turn may be pulled by a tractor or which may be self - propelled . the trailer is connected to the tobacco harvester by a hitch at one side of the harvester for forward and rearward movement of the trailer relative to the direction of movement of the harvester so as to evenly distribute the tobacco being delivered from the harvester into the tobacco box on the trailer . a double acting hydraulic piston and cylinder is connected to one end of a pivoted lever , the opposite end of which is connected to the trailer tongue , for oscillating the lever and reciprocating the trailer forwardly and rearwardly relative to the tobacco harvester . | 0 |
an architecture for optical logic gates is presented in which n predetermined wavelengths of light are used to define data . this data is manipulated by n - valued optical logic gates based on a set of rules referred to as song &# 39 ; s switching algebra . the gates when connected end to end to produce optical circuits such as optical random access memory or an optical arithmetic logic unit . | 6 |
incoming data at a high - speed serial receiver is digitized and then digital signal processing techniques may be used to perform digital equalization . such digital techniques may be used to correct various data anomalies . in particular , in a multi - channel system , where crosstalk may be of concern , knowledge of the characteristics of the other channels , or even the data on those channels , may allow crosstalk to be subtracted out . knowledge of data channel geometries , particularly in the context of backplane transmissions , may allow echoes and reflections caused by connectors to be subtracted out . as data rates increase , fractional rate processing can be employed . for example , the analog - to - digital conversion can be performed at half - rate and then two dsps can be used in parallel to maintain throughput at the higher initial clock rate . at even higher rates , quadrature techniques can allow analog - to - digital conversion at quarter - rate , with four dsps used in parallel . | 7 |
the invention describes a method and an arrangement for an arithmetic encoding and decoding of binary states and a corresponding computer program and a corresponding computer - readable storage medium , which may in particular be used in digital data compression . to this end it is proposed to for example perform a table - aided binary arithmetic encoding and decoding using two or several tables . | 7 |
Julia implementation of the CryoGrid permafrost model using the SciML package ecosystem. | 9 |
a device is disclosed for adjusting and aligning an axle of a wheeled vehicle wherein a pair of such devices are disposed on either side of a vehicle such as a motorcycle . the devices then provide a scale on both sides of the machine which are visible through sights . a person attempting to adjust and align the axle of the machine must then simply match the scales on either side of the machine to ensure that the axle is aligned . | 6 |
two spaced apart zones of a formation are simultaneously hydraulically fractured . a lower density fracturing fluid is injected into an upper zone of the formation via an annulus of a perforated wellbore communicating with the upper zone thereby causing a fracture to propagate . simultaneously therewith , a higher density fracturing fluid is injected into a lower spaced apart zone via a tube within the wellbore which fluidly communicates with the lower zone thereby causing simultaneously the propagation of a second fracture . neither fracture contacts the other although complete fracture growth is obtained . | 4 |
the invention relates to a novel method for preparing pyrocatecholic compounds from monophenolic compounds using catalysis by monophenol monooxygenase in an aqueous solution containing metal ions . the metal ions form complexes with the pyrocatecholic products . this method increases the yield of pyrocatecholic products . in particular , the method of the instant invention can be used to increase the yield of l - dopa , a drug used in the treatment of parkinson &# 39 ; s disease . | 2 |
a method of processing an image includes the steps of receiving selection of the first region of interest of an image , processing the first image data related to the first roi , displaying the first image roi based on the first image data , receiving selection of the second roi of the image , which at least partially overlapping the first roi , processing the second image data related to a portion of the second roi that does not overlap the first roi , combining the processed second image data with the processed first image data that overlaps the second roi , and displaying the second image roi based on the combined processed second image data and the processed first data . | 7 |
the invention provides a new and distinct hybrid variety of tomato , n 6416 or nun 00210 top which is especially useful as processing tomato . | 0 |
a multiple purpose unitary work table for student study having inclinable surface portions for efficiently accommodating a plurality of individuals or alternatively providing a relatively large and substantially smooth work surface . each of the surface portions may provide a horizontal study table or , alternatively , an inclined table surface for drawing or other laboratory purposes according to the desire of the user . | 0 |
provided is a semiconductor integrated circuit including a variable resistor circuit of the small layout area , which is free from an error in resistance caused by on - state resistances of switch elements for trimming , and is also free from power supply voltage dependence and temperature dependence . the semiconductor integrated circuit including a variable resistor circuit includes : a resistor circuit including a plurality of series - connected resistors ; a selection circuit including a plurality of switch elements for selecting a connected number of the plurality of series - connected resistors ; and a control circuit for controlling on - state resistances of the plurality of switch elements . the control circuit controls the on - state resistances of the plurality of switch elements so as to obtain a predetermined ratio to a resistance of the plurality of series - connected resistors of the resistor circuit . | 6 |
metadata regarding program content is created by monitoring a manner in which a first rendering of the program content is affected by a user whereupon the metadata will include data which defines one or more segments within the program content . the data within the metadata is then usable during a second rendering of the program content to inhibit , e . g ., advance over during playing or omit during copying , the rendering of the one or more segments within the program content defined by the data within the metadata . | 7 |
a water treatment apparatus comprising a power source driving a shaft supporting a helicoidal , spiral - shaped screw having an upper end part and a lower end part and fitted round at least part of the shaft , such that water is sucked up or impelled downwards , the screw comprising at least one continuous screw blade , and at least one discontinuous screw blade near at least one of its end parts . | 2 |
a disintegrator roll for use in a textile spinning machine , such as an open - end spinning machine , includes a roll body releasably mounted onto a drive shaft . a fittings carrier with associated fittings is releasably mounted on the roll body . a releasable connection apparatus is operably disposed between either the fittings carrier and the roll body or the roll body and the drive shaft . the connection apparatus is actuated by an axial force applied generally parallel to the drive shaft . | 3 |
a method is disclosed for evaluating the terrain surrounding a radar site . the method comprises to calculate the radar horizon around a radar site from stored terrain elevation information . the information obtained can be used for controlling the scanning profile of the radar , by letting the radar scan above the calculated horizon , and thus avoiding transmitting into the terrain . | 6 |
We present MOLPOP-CEP, a universal line transfer code that allows the exact calculation of multi-level line emission from a slab with variable physical conditions for any arbitrary atom or molecule for which atomic data exist. The code includes error control to achieve any desired level of accuracy, providing full confidence in its results. Publicly available, MOLPOP-CEP employs our recently developed coupled escape probability (CEP) technique, whose performance exceeds other exact methods by orders of magnitude. The program also offers the option of an approximate solution with different variants of the familiar escape probability method. As an illustration of the MOLPOP-CEP capabilities we present an exact calculation of the Spectral Line Energy Distribution (SLED) of the CO molecule and compare it with escape probability results. We find that the popular large-velocity gradient (LVG) approximation is unreliable at large CO column densities. Providing a solution of the multi-level line transfer problem at any prescribed level of accuracy, MOLPOP-CEP is removing any doubts about the validity of its final results. | 9 |
a method for liquefying gas involving pre - treating the gas stream in a pre - treater to remove impurities , and then passing the gas stream through a first flow path of a first heat exchanger to lower a temperature of the gas stream . the gas stream is then passed through the gas expansion turbine to lower a pressure of the gas stream and further decrease the temperature of the gas stream . the gas stream is then passed into a primary separator to separate the gas stream into a liquid stream and a cold gas stream . the liquid stream is collected . selected quantities of the cold gas stream are passed through a second flow path of the first heat exchanger whereby a heat exchange takes place to cool the gas stream flowing through the first flow path to maintain the temperature of the gas stream entering the gas expansion turbine at a temperature which promotes the production of liquids . | 5 |
the invention concerns a fail - safe valve having a valve element , and a control motor being connected with the valve element via a driveline . it is endeavoured to ensure the tightness of the refrigeration system in a simple manner . for this purpose , it is ensured that the valve element is located inside and the control motor outside a closed valve housing , that the drive line has a magnetic coupling , which acts through the housing , and that the valve element is pressure - released . in addition , a resetting device is provided that causes the valve element to be returned to a predetermined position upon the undesired cessation of control motor operation . | 5 |
an improved dc electrical starting motor and method for starting internal combustion engines that reduces starter motor noise in the period after the engine starts by damping the vibrations caused by motor cogging as it coasts to a halt , is done by reducing cogging torque and or rigidifying the starter motor housing . in addition several new structures foe reducing cogging torque are disclosed . | 7 |
The hot Neptune desert is a region hosting a small number of short-period Neptunes in the radius-instellation diagram. Highly irradiated planets are usually either small (R ≲ 2 R<SUB>⊕</SUB>) and rocky or they are gas giants with radii of ≳1 R<SUB>J</SUB>. Here, we report on the intermediate-sized planet TOI-2196 b (TIC 372172128.01) on a 1.2 day orbit around a G-type star (V = 12.0, [Fe/H] = 0.14 dex) discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite in sector 27. We collected 41 radial velocity measurements with the HARPS spectrograph to confirm the planetary nature of the transit signal and to determine the mass. The radius of TOI-2196 b is 3.51 ± 0.15 R<SUB>⊕</SUB>, which, combined with the mass of 26.0 ± 1.3 M<SUB>⊕</SUB>, results in a bulk density of 3.31<SUB>−0.43</SUB><SUP>+0.51</SUP> g cm<SUP>−3</SUP>. Hence, the radius implies that this planet is a sub-Neptune, although the density is twice than that of Neptune. A significant trend in the HARPS radial velocity measurements points to the presence of a distant companion with a lower limit on the period and mass of 220 days and 0.65 M<SUB>J</SUB>, respectively, assuming zero eccentricity. The short period of planet b implies a high equilibrium temperature of 1860 ± 20 K, for zero albedo and isotropic emission. This places the planet in the hot Neptune desert, joining a group of very few planets in this parameter space discovered in recent years. These planets suggest that the hot Neptune desert may be divided in two parts for planets with equilibrium temperatures of ≳1800 K: a hot sub-Neptune desert devoid of planets with radii of ≈ 1.8−3 R<SUB>⊕</SUB> and a sub-Jovian desert for radii of ≈5−12 R<SUB>⊕</SUB>. More planets in this parameter space are needed to further investigate this finding. Planetary interior structure models of TOI-2196 b are consistent with a H/He atmosphere mass fraction between 0.4% and 3%, with a mean value of 0.7% on top of a rocky interior. We estimated the amount of mass this planet might have lost at a young age and we find that while the mass loss could have been significant, the planet had not changed in terms of character: it was born as a small volatile-rich planet and it remains one at present. | 9 |
a water treatment unit includes a mixing chamber surrounding the upper end of a riser containing an impeller . water can be moved from a body of water up through the riser , and out through laterally directed openings into the chamber adjacent to an air inlet . the water moving out the laterally directed openings of the stand pipe , mixes with air drawn in through the air inlet to oxygenate the water , and the oxygenated water exits the chamber into the body of water through one or more water outlets in the lower portion of the chamber due to the head developed by the inflow of water into the chamber . the outward flow of water from the chamber can cause a toroidal or other desired flow of water within the body of water surrounding the water treatment apparatus . | 8 |
a novel gene defining a novel human udp - glcnac : gal / gl cnacβ 1 - 3galnac αβ1 , 6glcnac - transferase , termed c2 / 4gnt , with unique enzymatic properties is disclosed . the enzymatic activity of c2 / 4gnt is shown to be distinct from that of previously identified enzymes of this gene family . the invention discloses isolated dna molecules and dna constructs encoding c2 / 4gnt and derivatives thereof by way of amino acid deletion , substitution or insertion exhibiting c2 / 4gnt activity , as well as cloning and expression vectors including such dna , cells transfected with the vectors , and recombinant methods for providing c2 / 4gnt . the enzyme c2 / 4gnt and c2 / 4gnt - active derivatives thereof are disclosed , in particular soluble derivatives comprising the catalytically active domain of c2 / 4gnt . further , the invention discloses methods of obtaining 1 , 6 - n - acetyl glucosaminyl glycosylated saccharides , glycopeptides or glycoproteins by use of an enzymically active c2 / 4gnt protein or fusion protein thereof or by using cells stably transfected with a vector including dna encoding an enzymatically active c2 / 4gnt protein as an expression system for recombinant production of such glycopeptides or glycoproteins . also a method for the identification for the identification of dna sequence variations in the c2 / 4gnt gene by isolating dna from a patient , amplifying c2 / 4gnt - coding exons by pcr , and detecting the presence of dna sequence variation are disclosed . | 2 |
a bioprosthetic valve graft comprises a valve frame and valve flaps , the latter acting to open or close a valve aperture to directionally control fluid flow through the bioprosthesis . the bioprosthetic valve graft comprises method for suturelessly attaching a biomaterial suturelessly bonded to the a method for securing a biomaterial to a valve frame includes positioning a flexible valve frame defining an open area on a first major surface of a biomaterial sheet having a peripheral edge , wherein positioning serves to approximate the valve frame and the peripheral edge of the biomaterial sheet to form an at least first bonding locus ; and suturelessly bonding the biomaterial to the valve frame at the at least first bonding locus . the method avoids the disadvantages associated with conventional sutures and substantially reduces medical complications in implantations . | 0 |
a composite magnetic r / w head has an alloy portion defined by , in plan view , two oppositely oriented u - shaped portions joined at their spaced bases by a gapped central bridging leg . the slits 19 between the legs of the u - shaped portions and the spaces flanking the bridging leg are filled with glass 16 , 13 . such a construction exhibits reduced eddy current losses and enhanced high frequency performance . | 6 |
First version with ArXiv release | 9 |
the invention is a method for cracking heavy oils to olefins . in parallel streams , the heavy stream and a steam diluent are heated to the point of partial thermal cracking while in the other stream a lighter oil and steam are cracked to produce olefins . the hot , olefinic light stream is then mixed with the heated heavy stream and further cracked . the hot , olefinic stream acts as both a diluent and a heat source for cracking the heavy oil to an olefin containing product . | 2 |
the present invention relates to methods and systems for maintaining application programs on a client computer in a client - server network environment . the task of dynamically upgrading components in the application program running on a client is greatly simplified by rendering control to the individual client rather than to a central server . the version updating procedures of the present invention further provides steps to ensure speedy and error - free transfer of the required files and components through an open network environment , such as the internet . | 6 |
the present invention relates to novel compounds of formula , and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and compositions containing them . the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of above said novel compounds , and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts . the compounds of formula are useful in the treatment of various disorders that are related to 5 - ht 4 receptors . | 2 |
a valve metal powder by is prepared by a particular set of sequential steps that involves the use of precursor having preformed morphology . the method by which the valve metal is prepared includes a stabilization step that results in the valve metal powder having secondary and tertiary structures that each corresponds to the secondary and tertiary structures of the precursor . also described is a method of producing solid electrolyte capacitors that include the valve metal powder of the present invention . | 7 |
an apparatus and method for splitting a received optical signal into its orthogonal polarizations and sending the two polarizations on separate dual integrated waveguides to other systems on chip for further signal processing . the present invention provides an apparatus and method for facilitating the processing of optical signals in planar waveguides received from optical fibers . | 7 |
disclosed is “ golfball ”, a system and method of playing a team golf game in which teams consisting of nine players each compete in a match play format with the object being to win the greater number of holes , including rules for player substitutions , line up disclosure , simultaneous play , extra holes in case of ties , real time communication of the game score and the number of holes remaining to be played to all participating players and the display of the current status of the game and all component matches on a consolidated scoreboard . | 0 |
The spatial fluctuations in the tomographic maps of the redshifted 21-cm signal from the Cosmic Dawn (CD) crucially depend on the size and distribution of the regions with gas temperatures larger than the radio background temperature. In this article, we study the morphological characteristics of such emission regions and their absorption counterparts using the shape diagnostic tool SURFGEN2. Using simulated CD brightness temperature cubes of the 21-cm signal, we find that the emission regions percolate at stages with the filling factor of the emission regions $\mathrm{FF}_{\rm emi}\gtrsim 0.15$. Percolation of the absorption regions occurs for $\mathrm{FF}_{\rm abs}\gtrsim 0.05$. The largest emission and absorption regions are topologically complex and highly filamentary for most parts of the CD. The number density of these regions as a function of the volume shows the power-law nature with the power-law indexes $\approx -2$ and $-1.6$ for the emission and absorption regions, respectively. Overall, the planarity, filamentarity, and genus increase with the increase of the volume of both emission and absorption regions. | 9 |
an apparatus for storing information has a input device to allow a user to communicate with the apparatus and to allow the apparatus to output information to said user ; a storage portion including a compression device to compress information stored in the storage portion ; and a cipher to perform multilayered encryption and decryption to allow the passing and receiving of the information stored on the apparatus in a secure manner . | 6 |
circuitry for providing external access to signals that are internal to an integrated circuit chip package . a plurality of n : 1 multiplexers are physically distributed throughout the integrated circuit die . each of the multiplexers has its n inputs coupled to a nearby set of n nodes within the integrated circuit , and each of the multiplexers is coupled to a source of select information operable to select one node from the set of n nodes for external access . each of the multiplexers has its output coupled to an externally - accessible chip pad . the integrated circuit is a microprocessor , and the source of select information may include a storage element . if so , additional circuitry is provided for writing data from a register of the microprocessor to the storage element using one or more microprocessor instructions . each multiplexer may be coupled to a different source of select information , or all multiplexers may be coupled to the same select information . moreover , a fixed set of interconnect traces may be provided to couple a fixed set of nodes to an additional set of externally - accessible chip pads . one or more m : 1 multiplexers may also be provided , having their m inputs coupled to m different outputs of the n : 1 multiplexers . each of the m : 1 multiplexers may be coupled to a second source of select information . preferably , the outputs of the m : 1 multiplexers will be coupled to a circuitry for facilitating debug and performance monitoring of the integrated circuit . | 6 |
a method of making a gel - type livestock feed includes initially forming a feed mixture by mixing feed nutrient components , water , alginate , and a calcium component insoluble in water or a sequestrate to inhibit the calcium component from reacting with the alginate . once the feed mixture is formed , the calcium component is solubilized or the sequestrates affecting the reactivity between the alginate and the calcium component is removed such that a gel feed is formed that includes a gel matrix containing the feed nutrient components . the gel feed may then be fed to the livestock . in another aspect of the present invention , piglets are weaned by feeding the gel feed for at least seven days directly after weaning . the gel feed may also include protein derived from blood with or without egg protein . | 0 |
there is disclosed a graph copolymer derived from a monomer mixture comprising a . a monomer having the formula ## equ1 ## wherein r 2 is a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group and b . an unsaturated ethylenic monomer having the formula ## equ2 ## p wherein x is an ester , aldehyde , ketone , halogen , ether , nitrile , isocyanate , sulfate and its salts , an n - containing heterocycle , or an aromatic hydrocarbon , graft polymerized on a poly substrate , a stable aqueous emulsion containing same and a method of production therefor . | 2 |
a cooling plant load reduction mechanism utilizing &# 34 ; waste &# 34 ; heat for powering a rankine cycle device for the simultaneous additional cooling of a structure and production of electricity that substantially eliminates the need to purchase external power to run the device . overall cost of producing cool air in a typical cooling process is thereby substantially reduced . | 5 |
This package provides the driving force and observations at two simulated sites to investigate the impact of plant hydraulics on tropical forest response to drought. | 9 |
this invention relates to a system their manufacturing technologies for enhanced endoscopic diagnosis . more particularly , this invention is related to endoscope capsule system , which may increase its operating time as high as 80 hours , and may reduce the size of the capsule system . furthermore , the diagnosis procedure using the capsule system may be applicable to all patients with various age groups , where capsule size and large set of images for accuracy in diagnosis , are required . | 0 |
disclosed is a liquid crystal display and a method for driving the same . in the method , the data voltage representing image signals are applied to a plurality of pixels arranged in columns and rows , and the polarity of the data voltage for common voltage inverts the pixel groups comprised of two or more pixels . the inventive lcd includes a substrate , a plurality of gate lines formed on the substrate , a plurality of data lines insulated from and intersecting the gate lines , and a plurality pixels formed corresponding to respective regions defined by the data lines and gate lines . common voltage is applied to the plurality of pixels , and the polarity of the data voltage for the common voltage inverts in units of pixel groups comprised of two or more pixels . | 6 |
a welding system includes an engine - driven welder generator that produces welding power . a welding torch receives the welding power and applies it to a stick electrode to initiate and maintain a welding arc . a parameter of the welding power , such as voltage , is monitored , such as to determine whether spikes occur during a short time after arc initiation . based upon the monitored parameter , the engine speed is controlled . the engine speed may be increased or maintained at an elevated level if the monitored parameter indicates that particular types of electrode are being used , such as xx10 or cellulose electrodes . | 1 |
a cao containing silicate glass composition which can further contain small amounts of lead oxide and barium oxide is generally useful for hermetically sealing the electrical in - leads of various electrical devices . the present glass has a composition range in percentages by weight of : ______________________________________ constituents weight percent______________________________________sio 2 65 - 75na 2 o 9 - 13k 2 o 3 - 6al 2 o 3 1 - 4cao 4 - 8bao 0 - 4pbo 0 - 6li 2 o 0 - 2______________________________________ along with minor amounts of incidental impurities , residual fluxes and refining agents . | 2 |
a personal alert safety system comprises a housing adapted to be worn by a user . an accelerometer is in the housing . an alarm device is operatively associated with the housing . a control in the housing is operatively connected to the accelerometer and the alarm device . the control is configured to operate the alarm device responsive to select acceleration movement of the housing sensed by the accelerometer . | 0 |
a method for customizing end - user or administrative software documentation such as installation instructions is provided . a software provider first collects computer system information for multiple computer sub - systems used by a customer . the collected computer system information comprises sub - system descriptions of each of the multiple computer sub - systems , software descriptions of all software that is currently residing in each of the multiple computer sub - systems , and hardware descriptions of all hardware that are allocated to each of the multiple computer sub - systems . the software provider then receives , from the customer , the name of new software that is to be installed in a user - selected computer sub - system . based on the collected computer system information , the software provider determines which specific device in the user - selected computer sub - system should have the new software installed . at run time , variables in the installation instructions are replaced with a device &# 39 ; s name . | 6 |
the object of the present invention is to provide a flow channel for liquids or also gases , which is of such a design that the lowest possible losses occur in the flow , in particular low frictional losses . a further aim of the invention is to provide a flow channel for liquids , in which different flow regions are set . a flow channel for liquids characterized in that at least one wall defining the flow channel is of such a configuration that when a liquid flows therethrough at least one flow region is produced which has an axial and simultaneous tangential flow component . | 5 |
a method of using micromechanical devices as sensors for detecting chemical interactions between naturally occurring bio - polymers which are non - identical binding partners is provided . the method is useful whether the reactions occur through electrostatic forces or other forces . induced stress , heat , or change in mass is detected where a binding partner is placed on a cantilever for possible reaction with an analyte molecules . the method is particularly useful in determining dna hybridization but may be useful in detecting interaction in any chemical assay . | 8 |
a self - propelled tiller - planter including a motor providing hydraulic motive power for various operating mechanisms . a tiller pushed by said planter and hydraulic means is provided for lifting and lowering the tiller assembly into inoperative position above the ground and into operative tilling position in contact with the ground . a pivoting cradle is provided to which the motor is fixed , the cradle rocking simultaneously with the up and down movements of the tiller insuring that the shaft to the tiller assembly is in alignment with the motor . since the tiller is pushed at the front of the planter the soil being worked thereby may be packed down by the wheels which follow the tiller and means are provided at the rear of the rear wheels of the planter to rework the soil for the planting operation . | 0 |
virtual microscopy and other system may benefit from a system that can build the large mosaic by stitching images , and overcoming positioning error of stages used to provide the images . in particular , these systems may benefit from scan order optimization and virtual slide stitching techniques . a method can include analyzing , by a machine , a low resolution image of a sample . the method can also include determining , by the machine , a scan pattern for the sample based on analysis of the low resolution image of the sample . the method can further include controlling , by the machine , the scan based on the scan pattern , wherein the scan pattern is configured to minimize an amount of back - stitching of scans in the scan pattern . | 6 |
a micropump for pumping liquid from an entry channel to an exit channel is disclosed . the micropump is formed in a semiconductor substrate sealed by two glass substrates . the micropump includes first and second chambers and flow channel means coupled between the two chambers . the micropump also includes a valve coupled between the entry channel and the first chamber . the valve includes a flexible valve membrane positioned closer to a second side of the semiconductor substrate than to its first side for causing the valve to be or not to be in contact with the second side of the semiconductor substrate for closing or opening the valve on the glass substrate . additionally , the micropump includes a diaphragm forming part of a flexible wall of the second chamber and positioned closer to the second side of the semiconductor substrate than to its first side . the diaphragm is responsive to external pressure for causing liquid to be pumped from the entry channel to the exit channel . thus , the height of the valve is reduced , preventing deformation due to strength such as its own weight and may impact due to a dropping . as a result , the valve sealing is improve on the glass substrate . therefore , the micropump can accurately discharge a small quantity of liquid . | 1 |
a plurality of different sized floats are connected into an array through nonlinear interfaces so their relative motions drive hydraulic pumping means . floats in the array are sized to present a &# 34 ; black body &# 34 ; to the ocean waves incident upon the array . fluid moved by the pumping means is used to drive an electric turbogenerator . | 5 |
a power socket having an attached container includes a socket housing having an extension wire , and a container serving as a cover or a container . using the structure according to the invention , wires can be effective stored while accomplishing waterproof purposes . | 7 |
a fiber optic grating sensor system is used to localize and measure the environment associated with high speed events including pressure , temperature , velocity and position . this system has the capability to provide timing and physical location markers allowing the character of a rapidly changing event to be accurately measured with specific reference to time and location of that event . the system consists of a fiber grating sensor assembly that may consist of a fiber grating array or chirped fiber grating . markers are put in place by using short fiber gratings that either occupies a different spatial or spectral space so that environmental measurements can be accurately related to time and space . the reflective spectra can be interpreted rapidly through the use of spectral filters , the disappearance of the fiber grating assembly due to an energetic event or arrays of high speed detectors supported by dispersive elements . | 6 |
a universal table a - frame that is constructed as a unitary structure for use in a booth seating system including a series of booths . the a - frame is a basic module for the booth seating system . the a - frame includes a pair of spaced apart frame rails arranged in a longitudinal parallel relationship and in the same horizontal plane by means of legs secured to the rails adjacent the ends of the rails . the a - frame includes a pair of elements that are individually secured to the inner edge of one of the rails and each extends upwardly towards the other rail . a horizontal frame element is secured in a cantilevered relationship to the free ends of the pair of elements to thereby complete the frame . the horizontal element is adapted to mount a table top . the legs of the a - frame may be offset for permitting the stacking of the a - frame in a nesting relationship . the frame rails are also provided with mounting plates for permitting the longitudinal adjustability of the frames . a booth seating system is defined through the use of the a - frame by securing seating means to the individual frame rails . | 0 |
an anesthesia device supplying a first and second anesthetic in a quantitatively settable , controlled manner . a data processing unit with a corresponding display is set up for determining the current concentrations in the plasma or at the site of action from continuously supplied data on the quantities of the anesthetics administered with a module for a pharmacokinetic compartment model calculation and for storing these concentration values . concentration data is predicted for at least one point in time in the future . an action module provides a curve of an anesthesia action parameter as a function of the concentrations of the anesthetics . a display module displays a diagram showing the sequence of concentration of the first or second anesthetic , and the predicted concentration . | 0 |
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