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643 So.2d 263 (1994)
Charles TATE, Plaintiff-Appellant
v.
L & A CONTRACTING, Defendant-Appellee.
No. 26110-CA.
Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.
September 21, 1994.
Rehearing Denied October 20, 1994.
*265 Michael L. Poe, Shreveport, for appellant.
Lunn, Irion, Johnson, Salley & Carlisle, Shreveport by Walter S. Salley and Frank M. Walker, Jr., for appellee.
Before SEXTON, J., and JONES and PRICE, JJ. Pro Tem.
JONES, Judge Pro Tem.
Charles Tate appeals an administrative hearing officer's judgment that rejected his claim for worker's compensation benefits. He urges, in essence, that the hearing officer was clearly wrong in finding that he failed to prove a compensable claim after October 10, 1992, by a preponderance of evidence. For the reasons expressed, we amend the hearing officer's judgment and affirm as amended.
FACTS
Tate worked as a welder/bridge carpenter for L & A Contracting Co. On October 3, 1991, he injured the right side of his neck and shoulder in a job related accident. The accident happened when he jumped down from a bridge on to a scaffold. When he jumped, his right-hand work glove snagged some steel rebarb that was sticking out of the side of the bridge. That caused him to momentarily hang in mid-air until his glove tore. Apparently, the weight of his body pulled on his arm. According to Tate, that made him feel a "pop" in the right side of his neck and shoulder. Immediately after that, he said he felt pain. Due to the injury, the defendants paid Tate weekly benefits of $295.00 through October 10, 1992. They also paid most of Tate's medical expenses.
Initially, Tate was examined by Dr. Haynes. Dr. Haynes x-rayed Tate's right shoulder and found nothing objectively wrong. He diagnosed Tate as having a muscle strain and prescribed muscle relaxers. On Tate's third visit with Dr. Haynes, a cortisone injection was administered in his right shoulder. Dr. Haynes then referred Tate to Dr. Ramos, a neurosurgeon. After being delayed, Tate finally visited Dr. Ramos on January 28, 1992.
In the meantime, on December 21, 1991, Tate had a non-work related automobile accident and injured his lower back. His back injury prompted him to seek treatment from Dr. Wiseman, a chiropractor. Dr. Wiseman first examined Tate on January 23, 1992. At that time, he adjusted and resolved Tate's back injury with conservative treatment. Dr. Wiseman is the only doctor with whom Tate discussed the automobile accident and related back injury.
Dr. Wiseman's treatment pleased Tate, so, on the following day, Tate asked Dr. Wiseman to evaluate the right side of his neck and shoulder. Dr. Wiseman then began treating Tate's neck injury; however, he did *266 not treat or diagnose Tate's shoulder injury. For that injury, Dr. Wiseman referred Tate to Dr. Edwards, an orthopedic surgeon.
Dr. Wiseman's initial examination of Tate's neck revealed tenderness in Tate's cervical musculature and right shoulder. Dr. Wiseman observed that Tate had a normal range of motion in his cervical spine and right shoulder; however, movement did cause some immediate pain. Tate's neurological examination was essentially normal, and his x-ray examination only revealed some loss of the normal cervical curve. At that time, Dr. Wiseman felt that Tate had a cervical sprain.
Tate responded very well to Dr. Wiseman's treatment. On February 24, 1992, Dr. Wiseman released Tate from his care. However, that release was only in regard to Tate's neck injury. Then, after receiving continued complaints of pain from Tate, Dr. Wiseman realized he made a mistake by releasing Tate from his care.
On July 16, 1992, Dr. Wiseman ordered an EMG and a nerve conduction test. By that time, Tate had already been examined by Dr. Edwards and Dr. Ramos. Based on the test results and reports from Drs. Edwards and Ramos, Dr. Wiseman then diagnosed Tate's neck injury and concluded the problem involved a nerve root.
Dr. Edwards' treatment of Tate had begun on February 18, 1992. He limited his treatment to Tate's right shoulder injury. Dr. Edwards diagnosed Tate as having a torn rotator cuff, and, on March 11, 1992, he surgically repaired that injury. After the surgery, Dr. Edwards noted Tate would reach maximum medical improvement around September 11, 1992.
On April 8, 1992, Tate fell down and aggravated his right shoulder injury. Tate testified that the pain was so excruciating that it "knocked him out," and when he woke up, he "cried like a baby."
On May 5, 1992, Dr. Edwards informed the defendants that Tate could return to work on a part time basis of four hours a day, but, at that time, restricted him from pushing or pulling objects and from reaching above his shoulder. However, Dr. Edwards indicated that Tate could occasionally lift and carry objects up to twenty pounds. On June 15, 1992, Dr. Edwards again advised the defendants that Tate could return to work. This time, the only restriction imposed was for Tate not to lift above shoulder level with his right arm.
Tate continued complaining about soreness and a "locking or catching" sensation in his right shoulder. As a result, on August 12, 1992, Dr. Edwards performed an arthroscopy and a bursoscopy to evaluate the internal structures of Tate's right shoulder. Dr. Edwards concluded Tate's joint was normal, and he remained confident he made a perfect repair. Dr. Edwards' operative report dated August 12, 1992, listed Tate as partially disabled for his right shoulder and arm. Another report by Dr. Edwards indicated Tate's shoulder pain was radiating from the neck injury.
Despite Tate's continued complaints of pain, Dr. Edwards again informed the defendants that Tate could return to work. On October 4, 1992, Dr. Edwards informed the defendants that Tate could continuously lift and carry objects under twenty pounds, and, could occasionally lift and carry objects over one-hundred pounds. But, he said, Tate could only occasionally push or pull objects, and reach above his shoulder.
Dr. Wiseman continued to treat Tate's neck injury contemporaneously with Dr. Edwards' treatment of Tate's shoulder injury. Dr. Wiseman never satisfactorily resolved Tate's neck injury; therefore, Tate visited Dr. Ramos for the second time on September 24, 1992.
Dr. Ramos then ordered additional EMG and nerve conduction studies. The doctor who performed those studies said Tate had a bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome. Then, based upon those studies, Dr. Ramos also diagnosed Tate as having a cervical radiculopathy syndrome. Dr. Ramos recommended that Tate undergo the simpler carpal tunnel release before undergoing any other surgical interventions.
Prior to that time; back in June 1992, Tate retained an attorney and instituted this action in the Office of Worker's Compensation. In his claim, he acknowledged that the defendants *267 had been paying for most of his medical treatment, but, alleged they refused to pay for his chiropractic care. He also alleged that the defendants had been paying his weekly benefits in an untimely manner.
On July 22, 1992, the defendants informed Tate's counsel that Dr. Edwards had released Tate to light duty work with restrictions. They also informed counsel that they had light duty work available for Tate. The defendants contacted Tate's counsel again on September 14, 1992, and informed him about the available light duty work. Tate never responded to the defendants' request for him to return to work.
On October 10, 1992, the defendants terminated all of Tate's benefits. They based their decision to do so upon the fact that Dr. Edwards had released Tate to light duty work, they had light duty work available for Tate, and Tate failed to accept the available work. The defendants also considered that Dr. Wiseman had previously released Tate on February 24, 1992, and that Dr. Edwards informed them that Tate's maximum medical recovery date was September 11, 1992.
Mr. Tate claims that in December 1992, he attempted to throw a football and, again, aggravated his right shoulder and neck injury. This time, the pain was great, and he felt a "pop" in his shoulder. Dr. Edwards re-examined Tate on December 21, 1992 and gave him another injection. Then, by February 1993, Dr. Edwards released Tate in regard to the shoulder injury.
On February 19, 1993, the Office of Workers' Compensation conducted the hearing on this matter. The hearing officer, after holding the record open to receive deposition testimony, rendered judgment on May 27, 1993, rejecting Tate's demands. Tate appealed alleging the hearing officer committed manifest error.
DISCUSSION
The hearing officer denied Tate additional worker's compensation benefits because she determined the preponderance of the evidence did not indicate that, after October 10, 1992, Tate continued to be disabled and unable to return to work.
It is a well-settled legal principle that the factual findings in workers' compensation cases are entitled to great weight. Reasonable evaluations of credibility and reasonable inferences of fact will not be disturbed even though the appellate court may feel that its own evaluations and inferences are as reasonable. The trier of fact's factual determinations shall not be disturbed in the absence of a showing of manifest error. When the trier of fact's findings are reasonable in light of the entire record, an appellate court may not reverse a choice between two permissible views of the evidence. Therefore, the appellate standard of review applicable to workers' compensation hearing officer's findings and judgments is the manifest error-clearly wrong test.
Shelton v. Wall, 614 So.2d 828, 831-32 (La. App. 2 Cir.1993) (citations omitted).
Initially, Tate had the burden of establishing a work-related injury by a preponderance of the evidence. Shelton v. Wall, supra. Whether he met his burden depends on the totality of the evidence, including lay and medical testimony. DeFatta v. General Motors Corp., 605 So.2d 616 (La.App. 2 Cir. 1992).
In the instant case, the record shows Tate immediately reported the instant accident to his employer on the day it occurred. At that time, he began complaining about pain in the right side of his neck and right shoulder. Dr. Wiseman testified that Tate's present injuries are consistent with the instant October 3, 1991 job related accident described by Tate. However, Dr. Wiseman stated that he relied on the medical history given to him by Tate in reaching that conclusion. He further stated that Tate never told him about any pre-existing neck and headache conditions.
Among the pre-existing injuries Tate has suffered from, are the following: In the early 1970's, Tate injured his left knee. As a result, in 1974 he had an open meniscectomy surgery performed. In 1981, Tate injured his right knee. As a result of that injury, he had two arthroscopic surgeries performed.
Then, on April 10, 1987, Tate injured his left shoulder, his lower back, his neck, and he *268 reinjured both of his knees. The main injury, though, was to his left shoulder; it would "lock up" or "catch." Tate also experienced numbness in his left hand. As a result of the 1987 accident, arthroscopic surgery was performed on Tate's left shoulder.
After the arthroscopic surgery, EMG and nerve conduction studies revealed that Tate's left arm was normal. At that time, Tate's treating physician opined that Tate exaggerated the degree of pain he was enduring. Then, by January 10, 1989, Tate reached maximum medical improvement.
Despite evidence in the form of a medical history showing Tate complained about neck pain in 1987, Tate denied that he injured his neck in the April 1987 accident. He said he hit his head and only complained about having headaches. Additionally, he said his left shoulder injury had resolved before the October 3, 1991 accident.
Prior to the hearing in this matter, Dr. Wiseman briefly reviewed the medical reports concerning Tate's previous neck and shoulder injuries. Based on those reports, Dr. Wiseman opined that Tate's current right-hand side injuries were not the result of any pre-existing conditions. He reached that conclusion because the previous medical reports did not indicate any objective or subjective findings of radicular pain or nerve root problems. However, after defense counsel pointed out that the previous medical reports showed that Tate had numbness and cervical pain, Dr. Wiseman changed his testimony and admitted that it was possible that Tate's current problems could have been caused by a pre-existing condition. But, because Tate's prior complaints only concerned the left side of his body, Dr. Wiseman still believed Tate's current condition is unrelated to the pre-existing conditions.
Dr. Wiseman also compared a 1987 MRI study with the MRI study requested by Dr. Ramos. He said that the 1987 MRI study did not indicate any degenerative changes, whereas, the Ramos MRI study indicated Tate had degenerative changes at the C4-C5 and C5-C6.
Dr. Ramos testified that the changes in Tate's spine at the levels of C4-C5, C5-C6 were slight spondylitic changes. He said those changes were caused by osteophytes and a mild indentation (resulting from mechanical pressure) in the dural sac.
On the one hand, Dr. Ramos said the changes caused by the osteophytes probably occurred a long time ago and, thus, pre-existed the instant work related accident. He said the changes caused by the indentation could have occurred recently; but, he could not conclude when they occurred.
Additionally, Dr. Ramos explained that syndromes, like the ones Tate evidences, are groups of symptoms and signs that can be triggered by a number of different things. In contrast, he further explained that diseases are groups of symptoms and signs that can only be triggered by one specific thing. Then Dr. Ramos stated that Tate's syndromes could have been caused by a number of things, including the October 3, 1991 work accident. However, he said that, even if Tate's problems were pre-existing injuries, the October 3, 1991 accident could have aggravated them. Moreover, based upon the nature of Tate's complaints, he believed that Tate's left side carpal tunnel was not related to the work accident.
In Louisiana it is well settled that an employee's disability is compensable if a pre-existing condition or disease is activated or precipitated into a disability manifestation as a result of work:
A plaintiff-employee's disability will be presumed to have resulted from an employment accident if before the accident the plaintiff-employee was in good health, but commencing with the accident the symptoms of the disabling condition appear and continuously manifest themselves, provided that the evidence shows that there is a reasonable possibility of causal connection between the accident and the disabling condition. [Citations omitted]. This presumption is not a conclusive one; rather, it compels the defendant to come forward with sufficient contrary evidence to rebut it.
Doucet v. Baker Hughes Production Tools, (La.1994), 635 So.2d 166, 167-68 (quoting Hammond v. Fidelity & Casualty Co. of New York, 419 So.2d 829, 831 (La.1982)).
*269 The evidence in this case easily shows that Tate sustained a work-related injury, or a work-related aggravation of a pre-existing condition. All of Tate's previous complaints concerned the left side of his body. He did not begin complaining about the right side of his body until immediately after the October 3, 1991 work related accident. The defendants did not present any contrary evidence. The possibility of a causal connection between the work accident and Tate's disabling condition is reasonable. Therefore, we find Tate met his burden of establishing a work-related injury by a preponderance of the evidence. He was entitled to receive benefits during the time he was unable to work as a result of this work related injury.
The issue in this case is whether Tate was entitled to receive any additional benefits after October 10, 1992. The facts of this case do not fall within the category of permanent total disability. Nor, after October 10, 1992, do they establish that he suffered from a temporary total or permanent partial disability.[1] The hearing officer was not clearly wrong in her ruling in this regard. Therefore, we need only address the question of Tate's entitlement to supplemental earnings benefits (SEB). See Brown v. Blue Grass Liquor Co., (La.App. 2d Cir.1994), 632 So.2d 904, 909.
Under LSA-R.S. 23:1221(3), the employee is entitled to supplemental earning benefits if the injury has resulted "in the employee's inability to earn wages equal to ninety percent or more of wages at time of injury..." The injured employee thus bears the burden of proving, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the injury resulted in his or her inability to earn that amount under the facts and circumstances of the individual case.
Freeman v. Poulan/Weed Eater, (La.1994), 630 So.2d 733 (citations omitted) (footnote omitted).
In regard to the employee's earning capability, the amount of wages he could have earned in any employment while working in any pain, which he was physically able to perform, and which was offered to him by his employer, is considered when determining whether he can earn at least ninety percent of the wages at time of injury. LSA-R.S. 23:1221(3)(c)(i). However, the employer bears the burden of establishing the employee's earning capability.[2]
After the employer meets his burden of proving the injured employee is capable of earning at least ninety percent of wages at time of injury, the employee still has an opportunity to demonstrate he is incapable of performing the employment available to him. In order to meet this burden, the employee must establish by clear and convincing evidence, unaided by any presumption of disability, that solely as a consequence of substantial pain, he cannot perform employment available to him. LSA-R.S. 23:1221(3)(c)(ii); Paul v. Gipson, 614 So.2d 1275 (La.App.2d Cir.1993).
In the instant case, Tate testified that he could not perform any work. He said, as a result of the instant work related accident, his neck was, and still is, in continuous pain. He said if he stands or sits for a long period of time, he "kind of get[s] disoriented ... *270 from the pain." He also said the pain affects his mental concentration and renders him unable to work. However, Tate admitted he could do light yard work and rake his yard for short periods of time.
Dr. Edwards is the primary physician who evaluated Tate's right shoulder injury. He concluded that Tate had a torn rotator cuff, and he testified by deposition that he repaired that injury. Furthermore, Dr. Edwards said, Tate could have returned to light duty work before October 10, 1992. He said, from an orthopaedic standpoint, Tate did not need any more aggressive treatment. However, Dr. Edwards made it clear that his release of Tate was only in regard to Tate's shoulder.
The record also indicates that Dr. Edwards advised the defendant-insurer that Tate could continuously lift and carry objects that weighed up to twenty pounds, he could frequently lift and carry objects that weighed between twenty pounds and fifty pounds, and he could occasionally lift and carry objects that weighed one hundred pounds or more. However, Dr. Edwards also advised that Tate could only occasionally push or pull objects, and reach above his shoulder.
Dr. Ramos evaluated Tate's neck injury and requested the studies which ultimately revealed that Tate had a mild bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome and a cervical radiculopathy syndrome. Dr. Ramos testified by deposition that when he first examined Tate on January 28, 1992, Tate could not perform light duty work. He further testified that upon his second examination of Tate on September 24, 1992, and his subsequent examinations on November 12, 1992, and January 7, 1993, Tate's condition had not changed. That suggests that Tate remained unable to perform light duty work after October 10, 1992. However, the record does not reveal any specific restrictions imposed upon Tate by Dr. Ramos.
Dr. Wiseman is the primary doctor who treated Tate's neck injury. He testified that because he continually found objective evidence of splinting spasms with radicular symptoms, he did not believe Tate was physically or mentally capable of doing any work. He said, "[I] believe [Tate was in] persistent pain. And, when people have chronic, persistent pain, they get a little bit strange," and "[t]hey don't act like normal people." Moreover, Dr. Wiseman also said, in regard to Tate's neck injury, Tate was, and still is, completely disabled and unable to return to employment.
However, after being questioned by the hearing officer, Dr. Wiseman admitted that Tate was not functionally limited. He even said Tate could, albeit with pain, bend, stoop, turn his head, and use his muscles. Moreover, Dr. Wiseman further admitted that he did not know what type of work had been offered to Tate.
Mark Beisecker, safety engineer for L & A Contracting, testified via telephone deposition. He said Tate's prior job duties as a welder/light duty operator included sitting, standing, shifting gears, lifting, driving equipment and operating equipment. Beisecker also testified that L & A Contracting had an aggressive light duty program and would structure a job for Tate, including sitting at a desk and answering telephones, in order to satisfy any limitations Tate's treating physician imposed.
Beisecker further testified that light duty work was available for Tate and that L & A Contracting offered it to him. Moreover, Beisecker said the light duty work offered to Tate paid the same rate of pay Tate earned before the accident. Tate does not deny L & A Contracting offered light duty work to him; rather, he admits it did so. The defendants testimony in this regard is uncontradicted.
The evidence shows Tate was not engaged in any employment or self-employment, and, consequently, he was earning less than he was capable of earning. Therefore, the amount determined to be the wages he was able to earn is the amount he would have earned had he accepted the job offered to him. Since the job offered Tate would have paid him at the same rate of pay he had been receiving, Tate's earning capability exceeded ninety percent of the wages he earned at the time of his injury. For that reason, Tate was not entitled to any SEB.
*271 Based of the record reviewed in its entirety, we find no manifest error in the hearing officer's judgment finding Tate no longer entitled to benefits after October 10, 1992. Since the record shows Tate's earning capacity exceeded ninety percent of the earning capacity he had at the time of the injury, we pretermit the question of whether Tate met his initial burden of proving his entitlement to SEB.
We note, although Tate testified he is in pain, he had the burden of proving by clear and convincing evidence that such pain was substantial before he would be deemed incapable of performing the employment offered to him. Dr. Wiseman said Tate was not functionally limited but did experience pain. However, Dr. Wiseman did not testify about the amount of pain Tate would endure working in the job offered by his employer. Moreover, neither Dr. Edwards nor Dr. Ramos testified about the amount of pain Tate endured or would have experienced had he gone back to work. Furthermore, even Tate himself admitted he could perform yard work, at least for short periods of time.
Additionally, Tate's credibility was impeached at trial. During a deposition, defense counsel requested Tate to disclose all accidents; "even [accidents which occurred] outside the work place," and "any time [Tate] had to go see a physician for an accident." When Tate responded, he failed to tell defense counsel about the 1974 knee injury and the resulting surgery. After being impeached at trial, Tate said the reason he did not disclose the 1974 knee injury was because he thought defense counsel only wanted to know about job-related accidents.
Also, Tate admitted he never told either Dr. Ramos or Dr. Edwards about the December 21, 1992 automobile accident and the resulting back injury. He said the reason he did not tell them about that injury was because Dr. Wiseman had already adjusted his back and he was feeling better before he ever saw them. Additionally, Tate admitted he never told Dr. Edwards about the pre-existing headaches he had been having. The hearing officer considered Tate's testimony in regard to the nature of his complaints and inability to work to be unimpressive. And, because Tate gave an incomplete and inaccurate medical history to his doctors, the hearing officer did not find the medical testimony to be impressive.
When findings are based on determinations regarding the credibility of witnesses, the manifest errorclearly wrong standard demands great deference to the trier of fact's findings; for only the factfinder can be aware of the variations in demeanor and tone of voice that bear so heavily on the listener's understanding and belief in what is said. Where documents or objective evidence so contradict the witness's story, or the story itself is so internally inconsistent or implausible on its face, that a reasonable fact finder would not credit the witness's story, the court of appeal may well find manifest error or clear wrongness even in a finding purportedly based upon a credibility determination. But where such factors are not present, and a factfinder's finding is based on its decision to credit the testimony of one of two or more witnesses, that finding can virtually never be manifestly erroneous or clearly wrong.
Rosell v. ESCO, 549 So.2d 840, 844-45 (La. 1989) (citations omitted).
In the instant case, the hearing officer did not find that Tate demonstrated by clear and convincing evidence that he was in substantial pain and, thus, incapable of performing the work offered to him. We find no manifest error in the hearing officer's judgment which found that after October 10, 1992, Tate was no longer disabled and unable to work as a result of the work accident.
Arbitrary and capricious claim
Tate alleged that the defendants paid his weekly benefits in an untimely manner. He testified that it took about five months before he ever received his first check. He also testified that he never received any of his checks at regular intervals; he said he always received his checks two or three weeks late.
LSA-R.S. 23:1201 provides:
A. Payments of compensation ... shall be paid as near as may be possible, at the same time and place as wages were payable *272 to the employee before the accident; however, when the employee is not living at the place where the wages were paid, or is absent therefrom, such payments shall be made by mail, upon the employee giving to the employer a sufficient mailing address.
B. The first installment of compensation payable for temporary total disability ... shall become due on the fourteenth day after the employer or insurer has knowledge of the injury....
E. Whenever the employee's right to such compensation or medical benefits has been reasonably controverted by the employer or his insurer, the penalties set forth in this Subsection shall not apply.
In regard to the timeliness of Tate's weekly benefit checks, we note neither Tate nor the defendant-insurer offered any objective evidence to show when Tate's benefit checks were paid. More importantly, Tate did not unequivocally prove that more than fourteen days elapsed between the date the defendants obtained knowledge of his injury and the date the defendants paid him. Although he testified that it took about five months before he received his first check, it is not clear from his testimony when he first applied for workers' compensation benefits and informed the defendants about his disability.
Moreover, Joe Gardner, the superintendent for L & A Contracting, testified that Tate reported the accident and injuries on the day they occurred. On Friday, October 4, 1991, Gardner accompanied Tate to the hospital to seek medical treatment from Dr. Haynes. After leaving the hospital, Tate returned to work and completed that work day.
The following Monday, October 7, 1991, the defendant-employer laid Tate off for three days because of a work shortage. Then, on Thursday, October 10, 1991, Tate returned to the job site to pick up his check. At that time he informed the defendant-employer that he had another job. Tate then returned all of his equipment to the defendant-employer. After that date, Gardner did not hear from Tate again. Thus, it appears the defendants did not know about Tate's disability.
Additionally, the record indicates that Tate was involved in an automobile accident on December 21, 1991. Although it is not clear whether Tate operated the vehicle at that time, the circumstances indicate that he was physically active and able to get around. Based on this record, the defendants reasonably controverted Tate's entitlement to compensation benefits. Therefore, the penalties set forth in LSA-R.S. 23:1201 are not applicable.
Tate also alleged that the defendants were arbitrary and capricious in terminating his benefits after October 10, 1992. However, as noted above, Tate was not entitled to any benefits after October 10, 1992. Consequently, the defendants were not arbitrary and capricious in terminating Tate's benefits after that date.
Tate also alleged that the defendants were arbitrary and capricious in refusing to pay for his chiropractic care. In that regard, LSA-R.S. 23:1203 requires employers to furnish all necessary medical and non-medical treatment to an employee injured in a work-related accident. Lynn v. Berg Mechanical, Inc., 582 So.2d 902, 912 (La.App. 2 Cir.1991). More particularly, "[w]hen the accident's relationship to the injury is unquestioned, and chiropractic treatments are determined beneficial and necessary, the employer is responsible for expenses incurred for such treatment." Id. at 913 (citation omitted). The injured employee bears the burden of proving by a preponderance of the evidence that the treatment was related to his work-related injury. Id.
After the employee meets his initial burden, he must prove that the employer or its insurer acted arbitrarily and capriciously, or without probable cause in refusing to pay for the treatment. In that regard, LSA-R.S. 23:1201.2 provides:
Any insurer liable for claims ... shall pay the amount of any claim due ... within sixty days after receipt of written notice. Failure to make such payment within sixty days after receipt of notice, when such failure is found to be arbitrary, capricious, *273 or without probable cause, shall subject... insurer, in addition to the amount of the claim due, to payment of all reasonable attorney's fees for the prosecution and collection of such claim.
.... .
In the instant case, the defendant-insurer decided not to pay Dr. Wiseman for the chiropractic care rendered to Tate. As early as May 5, 1992, Dr. Wiseman had requested written approval or denial of the treatment he rendered. The defendant-insurer returned Dr. Wiseman's correspondence marked "unauthorized and denied." Dr. Wiseman also testified that Carolyn Calvin, the defendant-insurer's claims adjuster, told him that the insurer had no intention of paying for his chiropractic services.
Subsequently, the defendant-insurer requested Intracorp to review the chiropractic services rendered to Tate. Intracorp reviewed the services which were rendered between January and June 1992. On August 13, 1992, Intracorp reported its findings to Ms. Calvin. It concluded that Dr. Wiseman's chiropractic treatment was reasonable and necessary and recommended that the defendant-insurer pay $3,266.00 of Dr. Wiseman's $3,712.00 chiropractic bill. Moreover, according to the Intracorp report, Dr. Edwards also agreed that Dr. Wiseman's chiropractic treatment was reasonable.
Additionally, Tate's previous neck complaints had subsided before October 3, 1991 accident. He did not begin complaining about neck pain until immediately after the instant work related accident. Although Tate initially sought chiropractic care for his back injury, all chiropractic care rendered after his first visit with Dr. Wiseman was for his neck pain. Thus, the record shows that Tate's chiropractic care was reasonably related to a compensable work-related injury or work-related aggravation of a pre-existing injury.
Moreover, although the chiropractic treatment was palliative rather than curative, the treatments relieved Tate's neck pain for up to five days at a time. This evidence supports a finding that the chiropractic treatments were beneficial and necessary. Accordingly, the defendant-insurer is responsible for Tate's chiropractic care related to treatment for his neck injury. The hearing officer's judgment to the contrary is manifestly erroneous.
We note several medical reports show that Tate had suffered from neck problems prior to the instant work related accident. Also, the defendant-insurer knew that Tate initially sought chiropractic care for a lower back injury which resulted from a non-work related automobile accident. Dr. Wiseman testified that the automobile accident could have possibly caused Tate's neck pain; but, it was his opinion that the fall was the "major contributing factor." The evidence in this case shows that the employer had a reasonable basis for questioning whether the October 3, 1991 fall was the cause of the neck injury. Therefore, the defendant-insurer's failure to pay for Tate's chiropractic care was not arbitrary, capricious, or without probable cause.
For the foregoing reasons, we amend the hearing officer's judgment to award to Tate $3,266.69, the amount owed Dr. Wiseman. The judgment denying Tate compensation benefits after October 10, 1992, is affirmed as amended. Costs here and below are assessed to one-half to each party.
AFFIRMED AS AMENDED.
APPLICATION FOR REHEARING
Before MARVIN, SEXTON and BROWN, JJ., and PRICE and JONES, JJ. Pro Tem.
Rehearing denied.
NOTES
[1] Permanent total disability payments and SEB payments are not parallel remedies. "This is made clear by the language of the statute itself which provides that in order to recover benefits under the permanent total disability section, the claimant must be totally physically unable to engage in any type of employment. La.R.S. 23:1221(2). SEB payments, on the other hand, presuppose that the claimant can work. Not only is the section on SEB payments phrased in terms which infer an ability to work, i.e. "... is able to earn ...," but calculations in decisions awarding SEB payments are made on the basis of what the claimant is capable of earning." Watson v. Amite Mill. Co., Inc., 560 So.2d 902, 905 (La.App. 1 Cir.), writ denied, 567 So.2d 614 (1990).
[2] "Once the employee's burden is met, the burden of proof then shifts to the employer, who, if he wishes to contend that the employee is earning less than he is able to earn so as to defeat or reduce supplemental earnings benefits, bears the burden of proving that the employee is physically able to perform a certain job and that the job was offered to the employee or that the job was available to the employee in his or the employer's community or reasonable geographic region. The amount of supplemental earnings benefits are then based on the difference between the average weekly wage and the plaintiff's earning capacity after the injury." Freeman v. Poulan/Weed Eater, supra (citations omitted).
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'I dug them out while the ground was still dancing. You can't win against such forces'
Mahmoud Hatami pointed to two of the parallel heaps in the long line of fresh earth graves, each covered with branches ripped from the surrounding lavender bushes.
"This is where I buried my mother and father," he said. "I dug them out of their house while the ground was dancing. But you can never win against such forces."
The mud-brick village of Ait Kamara set in the lush ochre hills of north-east Morocco was mourning its newly buried dead yesterday. In one of dozens of new cemeteries that stretched out across a two-square-mile area of countryside, Mr Hatami and his neighbours had buried seven mothers, seven grandfathers and 10 children - aged from two to 12. The official death toll for the whole region remained at 564 but is expected to rise as rescuers reach outlying areas.
The rural community of Ait Kamara, which can only be reached along four miles of rutted and flooded track at points impassable to vehicles, was the epicentre of the earthquake that sent a terrifying pulse of energy measuring 6.8 on the Richter scale across the port of Al Hoceima and its surrounding villages and into the Mediterranean early on Monday.
The Independent was among the first outsiders to reach Ait Kamara yesterday as hundreds of people descended from the hills into Al Hoceima to demonstrate against a faltering rescue operation and to accuse the Moroccan government of abandoning its most impoverished region in its hour of need.
Hassan Hmidouch, leader of the town council in Imzouren, where two blocks of flats were among several dozen flattened buildings, said: "We need the world's help. It's a total disaster and that help appears to be coming from nowhere else." But for Mr Hatami, 34, a subsistence farmer who normally tends to his fields of broad beans, wheat and an almond grove, the events at 2.27am on Monday were still too raw to leave any room for anger.
Pointing to where the pile of red bricks, fashioned from mud, straw and animal dung, that was the home of his parents - Abdrahim, 72, and Fatima, 52 - he said: "I have no more tears. When it came, I knew straight away what was happening. The earth had turned liquid.
"My house was concrete and it survived but that of my parents, it was destroyed in moments. My brother and I pulled at the ruins but I knew my father and mother were gone. We buried them at sunset in the shadow of the mosque. We laid over lavender to stop the smell. This earthquake was an act of God, an act of a cruel nature."
Around him stood some of the grieving sons, brothers, aunts and nieces of Ait Kamara, a strung-out enclave of 6,000 people about 11 miles south of Al Hoceima at the foot of the Rif mountains. It is a wild region that has become a byword for rebellion by its indigenous Berber for centuries and produced a corresponding period of poverty and depression.
Mohammed Belchen, 31, who saw his seven nieces and nephews escape by a whisker as they dashed from the house moments before it collapsed, said: "The houses just folded like paper, killing everything inside - sleeping parents, children, cows, chickens and goats. Here we have lost 20 people."
Despite a mobilisation of Moroccan army, air force and navy, search teams supported by specialist rescue workers from France, Italy, Germany and the Netherlands were struggling to reach several outlying villages last night, including Tamassint and Bin Hadifa, in the Rif mountains. An encampment of 400 Moroccan soldiers had begun digging in among the almond groves in the Ait Kamara area by yesterday evening. But it was in sharp contrast to the hundreds of paramilitary gendarmerie and police who flooded the area around Al Hoceima to coincide with a visit to the disaster zone by King Mohammed.
As a series of aftershocks, measuring up to 5.3 on the Richter scale and causing at least three further deaths, ran through the region, there were signs that the authorities were struggling to cope with rising discontent and panic. By nightfall, thousands of residents had abandoned their homes for makeshift tarpaulin shelters or the safety of their cars, parked away from any tall building.
The small hospital in Al Hoceima was struggling to cope and had to transfer those with less serious injuries to an adjoining barracks and hospice. The health ministry in the capital, Rabat, insisted that only 80 people remained under medical supervision out of 300.
There was also concern that the authorities were being too swift to give up hope. One teacher, whose parents, three brothers and sister were killed in the village of Ait Abdelaziz, said: "They sent the military and they ordered us to stop digging." The Moroccan Red Crescent said it was still sending teams to search for casualties. It was also warning of the risk of disease arising from poor sanitation in the impromptu tent cities sprouting across the area.
One provincial official told The Independent that no further rescue teams were needed. He said: "The international rescue teams arriving now I am sure will be spectators." Such steadfast pronunciations served only to infuriate local people.
Abdel, his hands stained from digging in the rich red soil of Imzouren, said: "Where are the tents we need to keep dry? Where is the food we need to eat? Where is the water we need to survive? The government is doing nothing. We have buried our dead but what about those who still live?"
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Steroidi su zakon
Pro anabolic steroids side effects The most tbol on training days only well-known side effect associated with Dianabol is that of bloating as it is a eq steroid cycle wet tren ace hair loss compound Many people feel they lose a pro anabolic steroids side effects lot of gains post cycle, but almost all weight lost during and after PCT is the body ridding itself of the excess water Dianabol aromatizes so do anabolic steroids affect blood sugar it is absolutely vital stewie on steroids youtube to have an aromatize inhibitor such as Aromasin to prevent gyncomastia At the very least, keep some Nolvadex on hand which should be a part of the PCT anyway Testosterone suppression this is why many choose pro anabolic steroids side effects to run an injectable form of testosterone with it Levels should eventually return to normal with a good PCT though.
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Since 1997, Seal-Rite has been offering the largest selection of sealcoating equipment, parts & accessories on the market
“I would highly recommend Seal-Rite to anyone in the sealcoating business. You will find it is the finest constructed design and craftsmanship anywhere and excellent customer service with very friendly staff. A 5 star company.” –W.W. – CA
“We are a third generation company that prides ourselves on quality and craftsmanship. When looking for a new seal machine, Seal-Rite was the only choice. The style and quality of the machine reflects our business image.” -James Dawley, Dawley Asphalt Paving Service
“You can’t go wrong with Seal-Rite!! Friendly service & great products make for a great choice. These units are the Cadillac’s of sealcoating machines!” –Rick White, R & N Sealcoating – UT
“I owned an off brand 550 for 7 years and thought they were the best. Couldn’t get parts, replaced with SR-700 and found out I was very lucky. This unit operates so much better. Filled with gas and sprayed over 20,000 gallons in 6 weeks, no problem. I love my SR-700 Spray Unit and would not sell for $5,000 profit.” –H.D. Dillard – Tennessee
“Customer service is second to none. You were knowledgeable of your product and the sealcoat business. A great help for new folks to the business! Thank you for all the help.” -Randall Robbins – R&R Sealcoating
From the beginning, it has been our commitment to provide the best quality equipment and customer service on the market at the most affordable price. After nearly 20 years of sealcoating, we felt the equipment available on the market was lacking in quality and effectiveness. After customizing our own equipment to make it better suited to the true sealcoater’s needs, we decided to market our design. The rest, as they say, is history.
Now, after more than 20 years of manufacturing our own design, our reputation in the sealcoating industry for manufacturing quality products and maintaining impeccable customer service is unequaled, bar none. We know you have a lot of choices out there, but no other company will offer the quality, value and great prices we do. As a family-owned business, no one even comes close to the legendary level of personal service we provide every customer, large or small.
While we do have inexpensive units for those starting out there is nothing “econo” about our quality – no matter the unit! That’s why we don’t have titles like “Pro-Unit”; every Seal-Rite unit is “Pro” quality and available at an affordable price. Even if you are just starting out, we expect your business to grow, and we want your Seal-Rite unit to keep up with you as you do. It is our job to make your job easier.
Seal-Rite trailers, bulk tanks and skids are made in the heart of America by American craftsmen who are dedicated to providing you with quality equipment. Our units feature top of the line components from reliable companies such as Honda, Jenny, Wilden, Goodyear, and Hannay. And, since we manufacture our units in-house, and always have, all of our parts are readily available and in-stock at all times. We know how valuable your time is, so we strive to get all equipment and parts order out as quickly as possible so you can get to work right away.
So whether you are a seasoned sealcoater or just getting in the game, we have the equipment you need to be a successful professional. With our knowledgeable sales team, we can help ensure that you get the unit that fits your needs perfectly. And our staff is also trained to help you with any technical problems you may have. Take a look at our product line-up and you’ll find you’ve come to the right company for all your sealcoating parts and equipment needs.
Don’t be just another unhappy customer of some “other” company. Instead, take a look at Seal-Rite. We are happy to send you a free catalog, or better yet, give us a call at 1-573-387-4491 and we’ll get you on your way to becoming a happy, prosperous sealcoating contractor.
Customer Reviews
“Best machine out there, hands down!”
A. Pittore / New Hampshire
“Cameron Sealcoating of Jefferson, NH believes in order to do quality work you need quality equipment. We have a SR-700 and we also purchased a Seal-Rite 6,000 gallon bulk tank. The quality of the equipment by Seal-Rite is nothing but the best. As a business owner it makes you feel good when your customers compliment your equipment.”
Cameron Sealcoating
“I would highly recommend Seal-Rite to anyone in the sealcoating business. You will find it is the finest constructed design and craftsmanship anywhere and excellent customer service with very friendly staff. A 5 star company.”
W.W. / CA
“Your tanks are very well made. The lid shuts tight so no sealer leaks out and that keeps the tanks looking good. I used it all summer long, pumped plenty of sealer through it, and I can say it never clogged up! Plenty of hose kept over spray off my white truck, and the trailer pulled down the road fine loaded and unloaded. What a great investment buying this machine! I hope to upgrade to a bigger one in the future.”
Stanley's Seal Coating / Ohio
“Thanks again for your help in trouble shooting problems with my Wilden pump. Not only did we quickly figure out what was wrong, but more importantly, we were able to make good decisions on repair vs. replace. Additionally, the parts I needed you had in stock, whereas the somewhat local Wilden distributor gave me a two week lead time.”
Russ Lyons / Kevin and Russ Driveways Sealing, Rochester NY
“We are a third generation company that prides ourselves on quality and craftsmanship. When looking for a new seal machine, Seal-Rite was the only choice. The style and quality of the machine reflects our business image.”
James Dawley / Dawley Asphalt Paving Service
“First of all I just want say thanks…I’ve been in business for 25 years, we have only been using air assisted units for approximately 5-6 years. I’ve bought units here in Canada….and I have to say I’ve never seen such a well-built thought out design in my life. There isn’t one thing that you people at Seal-Rite haven’t thought of to make my job go so much smoother….it’s definitely all the small detail and options all on one unit that definitely makes you stand out way further than the rest. I have lot of friends in the same business in Ontario here and I can’t wait to show this thing off, so they know what you have put out there. Anyway the long of the short is….I am extremely happy with my purchase both in quality and your service is second to none…keep up the good work and I’m looking forward to doing business with your company in the many years to come…and oh yeah, very reasonably priced for what I got. Thanks again.”
D.C. / Ontario
“Customer service is second to none. You were knowledgeable of your product and the sealcoat business. A great help for new folks to the business! Thank you for all the help.”
Randall Robbins / R&R Sealcoating
“It is true! I paid for the machine on the first job in 2004. It was a large shopping center. The SR-700 is one of the best business decisions I have ever made. In 18 years of being in the seal coating business I have used many of the “other” manufacturer’s machines. By far the Seal-Rite SR-700 is the best built seal tanker I have ever used. Not only is it the best I have used, it is the most functional. The tanker has an exclusive suck-back feature through the hand spray wand, hose, filter pot and pump for quick and easy clean up. Seal-Rite is built by a Sealcoater for a Sealcoater. To me the Seal-Rite SR-700 is a “Rolls Royce” of seal tankers.
It has been so good in 2005 I didn’t shop around, just added a new SR-1000 and now we can really turn out the big jobs.
Seal-Rite is a winning combination for us, I have yet to have a single problem with either machine, they have paid for themselves very fast so I made more money!”
K.K. / Texas Asphalt Maintenance
“You can’t go wrong with Seal-Rite!! Friendly service & great products make for a great choice. These units are the Cadillac’s of sealcoating machines!”
Rick White / R & N Sealcoating
“You can obviously tell Brent has some background in sealcoating. It shows in your equipment design and fabrication. Keeping a simple yet reliable unit is very useful to getting the work done. I hope to add another trailer rig next year!”
Dean Schilling / Asphalt Maintenance and Paving Inc.
“I owned an off brand 550 for 7 years and thought they were the best. Couldn’t get parts, replaced with SR-700 and found out I was very lucky. This unit operates so much better. Filled with gas and sprayed over 20,000 gallons in 6 weeks, no problem. I love my SR-700 Spray Unit and would not sell for $5,000 profit.”
H.D. Dillard / Tennessee
“My husband and I were just starting out in our own business with little to no knowledge of sealcoating. Your equipment is very user friendly and in one lesson (quick too, I must say), we have been off and running. Thanks for making great quality and user friendly products. We would recommend you to everyone.”
Michelle H. / Reliable Pavement Maintenance
“We love our spray tank and our storage tank making the investment you need good quality equipment to be successful. Thank you Seal Rite great company to deal with.”
Cameron Sealcoating
“..thanks for making equipment that has gotten the attention of many. We have sealers ask us about it (our SR-700 Trailer) all the time! Thank you for giving us the opportunity to work with such high quality equipment. You guys definitely run a first class operation there.”
David J. / TX
“I have researched seal coat units very thoroughly and found the “Seal-Rite” units to be the best and most competitive priced. Trying to save a few dollars on another brand would be the worst mistake.”
M. G. / N. Dakota
“It is dependable, tough, and well built. I always use sand in my mix and the pump and spray unit has never had a problem.”
D.P. / Illinois
“Troubleshooting is easy. The full sweep agitation makes it easy to clean and winterize the tank. My SR-700 helped triple my business!”
S.W. / Illinois
“…The SR-550 sealing machine that I purchased from your company has made my life very easy and my job much easier. The jobs that I have done with my machine are very professional in appearance compared to some of the other machines on the market. This is by far the best machine built. The jobs are done in half the time of the old way I used to seal and my customers are quite pleased with the job this machine has done. Thanks to you, my business is growing. I hope to do business with your company on other products as I am very pleased with the first one I purchased from you. Thank you for the technical support when I needed it.”
D.Z. / PA
“I just wanted to thank you for your kindness and your thoughtfulness throughout the whole process of the building of our custom made SR-550 Skid unit. I did have some initial concerns that you, through your experience in the sealcoating business, were more than able to resolve. I think you have the best features and value of any sealcoating machine on the market. I enjoyed working with you to accomplish getting the machine that our growing company needed so desperately. You and your company do a great job! A world of thanks!”
P.V. Jr. / MS
“My father in law bought this unit [SR-700 Skid] over 10 years ago. Recently he passed away and this unit has stayed in the family with the grandson & I. My father in law was a strong believer in BUY AMERICAN products – SEALRITE machines are just that- USA made and worth it, a great product built with AMERICAN PRIDE!”
Brad G. / TN
“Thank You for the quality equipment and supplies you make and sell. We rely on your products everyday. We use your products 12-14 hours a day, 7 days a week (weather permitting) and have never been disappointed. We are going to be purchasing more of your spray units within a few months. Again, Thank You.”
Mark / NH BLacktop Sealers Inc., NH
“I am proud to be the owner of the 1,000 gallon skid unit and 550 gallon trailer unit. It feels great to tell my customers that we use the best sealcoating equipment in the industry. Thanks Seal-Rite!”
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5. You have me curious now.
I have never been to the Health group, basically because I smoke and drink and eat all the wrong things----I don't want to hear about it. But I can almost guess some of the things you speak of.....tons of herbal "cures" that have no evidence that they work, but hell, they are "ancient Chinese remedies". I always loved that one. So is tiger penis and rhino horn. I can't take it seriously without proof.
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[Historical study of delirium tremens in Spain in the second half of the 19th century].
The authors, after a brief historical introduction, review the clinical contributions about Delirium Tremens during the second half of the XIXth century in 9 Saniard authors: J. Santamaría del Alba (1952), Inocente Escudero (1857), R. Sanfrutos (1858), Tomás Santero y Moreno (1867), Candela (1871), Robert (1871), José Armesto (1877), J. M. Castañeda (1879-1880), R. B. de la Roche (1881). It is appropriate to underline their tidying up and clinical interest, medical-pathological and general, their interest in the evolutionary course, their therapeutical empiricism and a certain indifference in framing this nosological entity in a doctrinal corpus more specific, except for Robert, who use the chloral hydrate only two after its introduction in medicine by Liebreich and De la Roche, who complains about absence of a monographic study and explains it according to the anatomic-clinical model of the General Pathology of his epoch, in a appropriate bibliographical context. Included are 12 tables and 27 bibliographical references.
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Q:
Error Handling with Swift 2
I have what seems to be an error handling problem with his piece of code:
var err : NSError? = nil
captureSession.addInput(AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: captureDevice, error: &err))
if err != nil {
print("error: \(err?.localizedDescription)")
}
and I keep getting the following error on the captureSession line:
Cannot invoke initializer for type 'AVCaptureDeviceInput' with an argument list of type '(device: AVCaptureDevice?, error: inout NSError?)'
I tried resolving the issue using this method:
let err : NSError?
do {
err = try captureSession.addInput(AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: captureDevice))
} catch _ {
err = nil
}
yet I got another error on the first line of the do-catch statement:
Cannot assign a value of type 'Void' (aka '()') to a value of type 'NSError?'
Any idea what might have went wrong? Thanks
A:
AVCaptureDeviceInput has a single initializer called init(device:) and then it throws an outError if it is unable to initialize.
So you can either do try! AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: someDevice) which means you're "promising" that its not going to fail (will crash if it does). Or you can try/catch
do {
try AVCaptureDeviceInput(device: someDevice)
} catch let error as NSError {
print(error)
}
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Deficit politics
Monday 7 December 2009 16.09 EST
First published on Monday 7 December 2009 16.09 EST
Poll after poll says Americans care deeply about the budget deficit. Liberals don't like to believe this and tend to say that people think of the deficit as a "proxy" for other economic issues. In a nutshell, this is because we're Keynesians, and we're okay with deficit spending. So liberals tend to come up with rationales for surveys in which people say the deficit is a top concern.
I'm not so sure. I think we'd do better to take people at face value. Deficit reduction is one of those mantras that is now deeply inculcated into the political culture. It became a huge issue here in the 1980s -- Ronald Reagan railed against deficits, even as his policies made them shoot through the roof, although of course we're supposed to forget that now -- and has been ever since because, unfortunately, it makes intuitive sense to people that if they have to balance their checkbooks, the government ought to have to balance its. This is not true, but it's awfully hard to explain to people why it's not true.
Additionally, people don't trust the notion that spending now can reduce the deficit later. When Obama tried to say "healthcare reform is deficit reduction," it didn't fly because it doesn't sound right to people. And the CBO reports that the Senate bill will reduce the deficit over time, and no one believes it.
So, there's tremendous pressure on all administrations to gesture toward deficit reduction. The pressure is especially intense now that a) the deficit is running 13% of GDP and b) the bunch in power is assumed to be profligate big-spenders. Pressure on Obama to wrestle with deficit reduction will be particularly intense next year, after healthcare is finished one way or the other.
Surrounded as he is by deficit hawks in large part (Geithner, Summers), Obama might be expected to succumb to the naked politics. But lo and behold, at his jobs summit last week, he was asked by Bob Kuttner, my old American Prospect colleague, about where he ranks deficit reduction vs. spending as priorities. You should read Obama's extended remarks, because they're...subtle and clever. Nut graf:
The last thing we would want to do in the midst of what is a weak recovery is us to essentially take more money out of the system either by raising taxes or by drastically slashing spending. And frankly, because state and local governments generally don't have the capacity to engage in deficit spending, some of that obligation falls on the federal government.
In other words, he's not going to be bullied into symbolic deficit reduction just so David Broder will write nice things about him. It's an important quote that will be well worth remembering as time goes on.
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Canadian courts are granting bail to some accused criminals because of COVID-19
TORONTO --
The Canadian court system, like most of the country, has largely ground to a halt due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
With physical distancing requirements making it impossible to safely hold traditional hearings, court operations across the country have been significantly curtailed.
But there are exceptions for urgent matters – and a search of published court decisions revels that one particular type of case is particularly likely to be deemed urgent: accused and convicted criminals arguing that they should not be in jail or prison, where they are at greater risk of contracting the novel coronavirus.
Based on a search of Canadian legal database CanLii, the matter first shows up in Canadian case law in a decision published on March 16.
One day before Ontario shut down most of its court system, a judge in Brampton, Ont. ordered the release of a man who had pleaded guilty to possession of a prohibited firearm and breaching an order prohibiting him from having firearms.
The man had not yet been sentenced, but had been in custody since his arrest and had served the equivalent of a nearly four-year sentence. The Crown had been seeking a sentence of four or five years, and the defence arguing for three years.
Justice David E. Harris ruled that the man should not have to face the "day to day hardship … and the general risk to the welfare of prison inmates" posed by COVID-19, and ordered that he be released.
"The entire country is being told to avoid congregations of people. A jail is exactly that, a state mandated congregation of people, excluded from the rest of the population by reason of their crimes or alleged crimes," he wrote.
Four days later, a judge in Toronto used similar reasoning in approving bail for a man facing charges of possession for the purpose of drug trafficking.
"The risks to health from this virus in a confined space with many people, like a jail, are significantly greater than if a defendant is able to self-isolate at home," Justice Jill Copeland wrote.
"The virus is clearly easily transmitted, absent strong social distancing or self-isolation, and it is clearly deadly to a significant number of people who it infects. The practical reality is that the ability to practice social distancing and self-isolation is limited, if not impossible, in an institution where inmates do not have single cells. "
Copeland's decision has since been cited in case after case, with most judges agreeing that some current inmates face unnecessary risks by remaining behind bars, and can instead be released into the community without posing an undue risk to others.
In a judgement released March 27, a defence lawyer used Copeland's ruling to argue that his client, who is charged with offences including attempted murder and aggravated assault, should be allowed bail for the same reason. The judge agreed, releasing the man on strict conditions that include living with his mother and sister and only leaving home for medical or court appointments.
There have been calls to further limit Canada's prison population in the hope of protecting inmates and staff from the novel coronavirus. Several legal organizations have requested that non-violent offenders be given early release from their sentences, and Public Safety Minister Bill Blair has asked correctional officials if some early releases might be possible.
In granting bail to a man in Hamilton who stands accused of drug possession for the purpose of trafficking, among other offences, Justice Andrew Goodman noted that Copeland's precedent should not be taken as a "'get out of jail free' card" or a suggestion that accused offenders should expect to be released on bail during the pandemic.
Indeed, there have been a small number of cases since the courts largely shut down in which bail has not been granted. A judge in Vancouver ruled in late March that the elevated COVID-19 risk in prison did not "tip the scale" in favour of releasing a man awaiting trial on 15 charges, some of which related to credit card fraud and illegal possession of firearms.
"I acknowledge the logic behind that concern, but on the other hand I have been provided with some information to indicate that those responsible for the administration of pre-trial detention facilities in this province have specific measures in place to monitor and address COVID 19 risks," Justice W. Paul Riley wrote.
Last week, a judge in Victoria ruled that a man accused in two break-ins should remain in custody even though he would face an elevated risk of acquiring COVID-19, because if he was released, he would be sent to an addictions treatment facility – where the judge said his risk would be even higher.
Harris, the Ontario judge who ordered the release of a man awaiting sentencing just before the province's courts were largely closed, got another kick at the can this week when he was asked to rule on a bail review for a man awaiting trial on charges including assault, uttering death threats and harassment. It was the man's fourth attempt to get bail since he was arrested in the fall of 2018.
The man had been denied bail three times before, but Harris ruled that the emergence of COVID-19 represented a significant enough change in circumstances to warrant his release. He argued that a jail or prison is now "one of the most dangerous places imaginable" for inmates or correctional workers given the impossibility of physical distancing.
He also quoted former South African leader Nelson Mandela in his decision, writing that "no one truly knows a nation until one has been inside its jails. A nation should not be judged by how it treats its highest citizens, but its lowest ones.'"
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The Pathway House by Jacobs-Yaniv Architects Embraces Nature
With their latest project, the 'Pathway House,' Jacobs-Yaniv Architects sought to effectively deconstruct the barrier between indoor and outdoors. The architects incorporated plants and skylights into the home, which continue along the outdoor garden path. The terrace and path are also abundant with plant growth in order to achieve cohesion and harmony.
The interior is optimized for natural light and ventilation. Exposed concrete beams are placed throughout the ceilings, playing with the way light pours into the home. In addition to the plant decor, the Pathway House features subtly hanging artwork. The ground floor boasts an open-concept floor plan, with a wooden library running throughout the undivided living and kitchen areas to tie everything together.
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I am Peter and my wife is Roma. We are both committed Christians (Anglicans)
I am English and Roma was born and bread on a farm in rural Missouri on the banks of the Osage river. I grew up near Shakespeare Stratford Upon Avon on the bank of the river Avon. We both love traveling, meeting interesting people and finding quiet places to hide away for some of the time.
We met when Roma visited friends in the UK and have been married 11 years.
We live quite a nomadic life, with time in Georgia, Missouri and the UK each year.
We generally spend winters in USA and summers in the UK or Europe.
We both had interesting and varied careers. I spent several years delivering yachts around Europe.
Skills & Expertise to Share
Peter = DIY, woodworking, RC model aircraft, Sailing.
Roma = Gardening, Family History, and of course the grand kids.
P+R's Pets
Yes, one small dog (Cocker Spaniel Pup)
Favorite Boondocking Locations
Just about to start looking in the US.
Lots of favourite harbours and anchorages in the UK and Europe.
Must visit the Pacific North West soon!
P+R's Hometown
Bainbridge, GA, in the USA and Welford on Avon, Warwickshire in the UK.
Bainbridge is a small old town on the banks of the Flint Rive. It is also on the main road between Tallahassee Florida and Dothan Alabama.
Our home is about a mile off the highway in a quiet part of town.
P+R's Travel Preferences
P+R Has 1 Host Location
Under Georgia Pines
Bainbridge, GA, US
P+R's References (5)
References from Hosts (3)
msservant
October 2018
interesting couple
Wish we had more time. enjoyed their company.Fun visit.
RNuding
September 2018
Very lovely and interesting couple
We really enjoyed meet Peter and Roma and sharing a few story's and rv ideas. They are always welcome to return. We are hoping to visit them on our travels south this winter. Have safe travels and best of luck.
Humbug400
September 2018
A great couple.
P&R were great! We were so sorry we had other obligations and could not visit more. We hope to see them again!
References from Guests (2)
RNuding
January 2019
Thanks a million
Thank you for a great night stay.
RNuding
January 2019
Very pleasant and quiet neighborhood.
Very helpful and gracious couple. Easy to find because of Peters great directions. We enjoy going out for Mexican dinner and good conversation. Would definitely recommend this spot.
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The Raven's progressive matrices: change and stability over culture and time.
Data relating to the stability and variation in the norms for the Raven's Progressive Matrices Test (a well-validated measure of basic cognitive functioning) for different cultural, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups on a worldwide and within-country basis are first summarized. Subsequent sections deal with variation over time. A possible explanation for the variation in norms over time and between ethnic groups within countries is offered.
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Discontinues automatic connection of provision related to definition of taxable income to federal tax law if revenue impact is negative. Reestablishes automatic connection if revenue impact is subsequently positive or neutral.
Takes effect on 91st day following adjournment sine die.
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Q:
Trouble using rvest on nested tables
I'm having an issue trying to get Rankings from the Freeride World Tour website.
I tried first to get a CSS code for rvest using selectorGadget in Chrome but but can only get the riders and their overall score. What I'm interested in is getting the points a rider scored in each heat. I'm new to web-scraping and CSS/HTML so please hang in there with me.
# Get the website url
url <- read_html("https://www.freerideworldtour.com/rankings-detailed?season=165&competition=2&discipline=38")
Download everything from the page,
(all_text <- url %>%
html_nodes("div") %>%
html_text())
then look for Kristofer Turdell's first score of 2500 pts. grep("2500 pts.", all_text) but I find...nothing?
When I right-click the 2500 pts. on the website and select "Inspect" I can see that the html code for this section is:
<div class="field__item even">2500 pts.</div>
So I tried to use the div class:
url %>%
html_nodes(".field__item.even:) %>%
html_text()
This only returns the overall score for the participants (e.g. Kristofer Turdell 7870 pts.).
Next, I tried using the right-click option to save Xpath from "Inspect".
url %>%
html_nodes(xpath = "//*[@id="page-content"]/div/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[1]/div[2]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[4]/div/div/div") %>%
html_text()
I'm not having any luck on this so I'd really appreciate your help.
A:
Writing that much code in the comments was awful, so here goes. You can store the scraped data into a dataframe and not be limited to printing it to the console:
library(tidyverse)
library(magrittr)
library(rvest)
url_base <- "https://www.freerideworldtour.com/rider/"
riders <- c("kristofer-turdell", "markus-eder", "mickael-bimboes")
output <- data_frame()
for (i in riders) {
temp <- read_html(paste0(url_base, i)) %>%
html_node("div") %>%
html_text() %>%
gsub("\\s*\\n+\\s*", ";", .) %>%
gsub("pts.", "\n", .) %>%
read.table(text = ., fill = T, sep = ";", row.names = NULL,
col.names = c("Drop", "Ranking", "FWT", "Events", "Points")) %>%
subset(select = 2:5) %>%
dplyr::filter(
!is.na(as.numeric(as.character(Ranking))) &
as.character(Points) != ""
) %>%
dplyr::mutate(name = i)
output <- bind_rows(output, temp)
}
I put in parts such as as.character(Points) != "" to exclude the sum of points (such as in Mickael Bimboe's 6930 pts) and not individual scores.
Again, much credit goes to @Onyambu though, many lines are borrowed from his answer.
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Q:
SQL join to override particular column of left table
I have two tables namely, Table1 and Table2
Table1
custId--custName--custAge
c1--c1name--32
c2--c2name--41
c3--c3name--41
Table2
custId--verified--custName
c1--Y--c1FullName
c2--N--c2FullName
I need to join Table1 and Table2, So that if verified column is Y in table 2, I need custName from Table2 instead of Table1.
So, desired output is: (overwrite custName column from Table2 if verified column is Y for that custId)
custId--custName--custAge
c1--c1FullName--32
c2--c2name--41
c3--c3name--41
I wrote following query, which is not giving proper result. Please help.
select T1.custId, NVL(T2.custName, T1.custName),T1.custAge
from Table1 T1
left join Table2 T2 on T1.custId=T2.custId and T2.verified='Y'
A:
You can use a CASE statement to achieve this :
SELECT tab1.custId,
CASE
WHEN (tab2.verified = 'Y')
THEN tab2.custName
ELSE tab1.custName
END AS CustName,
tab1.custAge
FROM Table1 tab1
LEFT JOIN Table2 tab2 ON tab1.custId = tab2.custId
See this here -> http://rextester.com/EVOMK25746 (This fiddle is built on SQL Server , however, the query should work on Oracle databases as well)
Hope this helps!!!
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''Maybe Mr Abbott could sit in on a year 8 economics class and learn that our economy is growing - more strongly than any major advanced economy, in fact.''
Advertisement
The latest national accounts, released a month ago, showed Australia's economy growing at an annual rate of 3.7 per cent. The economy grew 0.6 per cent in the June quarter.
The Treasurer also savaged Mr Abbott for continuing to ''trash talk'' the economy after the Opposition Leader again pointed out countries could go from a comparatively strong position to a desperately weak one ''very quickly''.
''The problem we've got in Australia at the moment is that we've got a government which is spending like a drunken sailor,'' Mr Abbott told Channel Ten, adding, ''one of the things I want to do is get our economy growing again.''
Mr Swan said Mr Abbott should ''put his aggressive negativity on a leash and stop trying to kneecap confidence to score a political point''.
Last week, the Liberal leader was under fire from Labor after he backed comments by the former Commonwealth Bank of Australia chief and head of the Future Fund, David Murray, warning Australia risked a European-style economic downturn if debt was not addressed.
Yesterday, Mr Abbott said the Coalition would find savings of about $50 billion to fund its election commitments, including a generous paid parental leave scheme.
The government has repeatedly accused the Coalition of having a $70 billion budget black hole, but Mr Abbott insisted ''we will fully fund all of our promises''.
''Before the last election we identified $50 billion worth of savings,'' he said.
''We have a similar task before the coming election. We will rise to this task, as we always have.''
Mr Abbott accepted it was a big challenge but said the Coalition was up to it.
Labor attacks on the Coalition have been blunted recently because it has promised to deliver a national disability insurance scheme, an education funding overhaul and a new dental program without explaining where the money will come from.
''It's making tens, if not hundreds, of billions of dollars worth of unfunded commitments,'' Mr Abbott said. ''The government is a bit like the tenant trashing the house before it gets evicted.''
Mr Swan wasn't impressed with that comparison either.
''Hearing Mr Abbott lecturing on spending restraint is like hearing a drunk giving lectures on sobriety,'' he said. ''It would be laughable if it weren't coming from a man who wants to be PM.''
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If you’ve lived in Richmond long enough, it’s likely you’ve witnessed at least a handful of ignorant, throw-away jibes tossed in the direction of apparent immigrants.
But two very recent incidents in busy, shopping centre parking lots in the city — one of which attracted the attention of the RCMP — is giving cause for concern that racism is on the rise in Richmond.
article continues below
The most recent happened on Saturday afternoon, as mom-of-five Din Martin began reversing into a parking spot in Blundell Shopping Centre.
Martin, who is of Filipino ethnicity but is Canadian-born and has lived in Richmond all her life, said she was at least halfway into the spot when another driver — a Caucasian man in his 40s, ironically with a thick Eastern European accent – launched into a vile, racist tirade.
“From nowhere, he started yelling profanities at me,” said Martin, who was heading to the nearby meat shop with her sister-in-law.
“I asked, calmly, if he would like me to stop. He screamed ‘do you even know how to speak English?’ I thought ‘what’s the problem here?’
“Something clearly upset this guy, but I couldn’t understand what.
“He had his wheel cranked, so if he had moved, he would likely have hit me, as he didn’t appear to see me at first.
Martin said the irate man had about five people in his minivan, most of whom looked like young kids.
“He continued screaming at me and I asked again if he would like me to move forward,” she recalls.
“He shouted ‘**** you, you ****ing immigrant, you don’t ****ing belong here.’”
Ironically, Martin has lived all her life in Richmond.
“I have every right to be here,” she added.
Martin, who describes herself as a “compassionate person,” suggested that the ranting racist was perhaps “just having a bad day, or something.”
“Maybe something bad had just happened to him, I don’t know,” she said.
“I guess I feel kind of sorry for him…and his kids. But there is a line to cross.”
Understandably angry and upset herself, Martin said she rolled up her window and followed her sister-in-law’s advice to calm down and not say anything else.
“He eventually pulled out and almost took out two cars in the process of leaving the parking lot,” added Martin, who laughed that her two youngest kids are half Scottish, half Filipino.
“A lady close by filmed it all on video and said she would send it to me if I needed it. I was a bit upset. But I was thinking I was thankful that people are not allowed to carry guns in this country.”
Unfortunately, it’s not the first time Martin has been on the thick end of racist comments in Richmond — and she said it’s becoming routine.
“I’ve even had a couple of incidents inside of stores,” she said.
“’You ****ing shop like you drive,’ in reference to my cart being in the middle of the aisle or something, is one I’ve heard a few times.
“Then they hear me open up my mouth and they’re shocked.
“At some point in my life, I’m sure I’ve said something I regret, but it has become so bad now in Richmond. It’s almost every day.”
Martin said she would have gone to the police if she had accepted the witness’ offer of the video.
“I would have reported it, as he’s probably done this before.”
One person who did report a very similar incident two weeks ago, albeit slightly more sinister, was on the receiving end in Costco’s parking lot on Bridgeport Road.
Pablo Kim, who gave the Richmond News a pseudonym to protect his identity, said a relatively normal Thursday afternoon, while waiting for an in-demand parking spot, turned into a fearful experience.
Kim — who was born in Asia, before immigrating to Canada as a teenager — told the News how he was subjected to death threats during an unprovoked outburst by a fellow Costco shopper.
“I was waiting and signalling for the nearer spot to the store, as the folks (in the spot) were finishing up their loading,” explained Kim.
“A blue Ford F150 truck pulled up on the opposite side, signalling for the same spot. After the outgoing car backed out, I quickly pulled in.
“It was clear to me that, right off the bat, the driver in the blue truck was intent on creating controversy, as he started to motion into the spot as well.
“Once I parked and walked out of my car, the white, middle-aged driver started hurling racist expletives at me, as if he had the runs, except coming out of the wrong end.”
The “F bomb” was dropped a few times by the truck driver, in relation to Kim’s ethnicity, while claiming that Kim was nowhere near the spot.
“The good old ‘go back to China’ (was mentioned) a number of times, as if he really knew that I came from China.
“I wondered, if I was white, where would he tell me to go back to? I also didn’t waste my time reasoning with him…I repeatedly called him out for what he was: a racist and for him to grow up.”
Kim decided to walk away, not wanting to inflame the situation further.
But when he returned to his car after doing his shopping, Kim said the same man walked towards him, now in the company of a woman.
“As expected, the diarrhea of racial expletives started again, this time in stereo.
“And again, without going low, I did not argue back with expletives. I stood my ground and kept calling them racists and sarcastically pointed out what fine examples of civilized humans they were,” said Kim.
“(He) looked at me and said ‘I’m going to kill you…I’m going to kill you right now, Chink.’ Knowing that I could defend myself, with folks around as potential witnesses, I said ‘go right ahead.’
“He repeated his death threats multiple times and started to walk up close to me right to my face. The hate in his eyes was very evident.”
According to Kim, the man told him that he knew where he lived and would be coming after him.
In the face of such provocation, Kim admitted that he “finally lowered” himself and called them “racist white trash.”
“It seemed like that hit a bit of a nerve, as they were both taken aback, especially the female racist.”
He said, once he started to video the pair, they backed away, all the while still launching racist abuse.
Kim said, on the urgings of his wife, he reported the incident to the police later that day.
Richmond RCMP confirmed that it has received a complaint and it was investigating “racist slurs and threats” made from one individual to another.
Police tracked down and made contact with the alleged offender and are still investigating.
Kim said, after the incident, he has felt “anger, sadness and mostly disappointment” that these type of “racist flare-ups are happening on a more regular basis.
“We, as a community, need to stand up to this unacceptable way of thinking and behaviour.”
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I'm having an issue with loaders, lately when I start up wiiflow my HDD will turn off right when the covers are loading (the lights turns off) and wiiflow will freeze.
only half of my games will show the covers, the rest are coverless, and yes when I click on it, it'll freeze
This happened a few times on USBloader GX too
This doesn't happen a lot but it does happen, I'l have to press and hold the power button a few times before everything work properly.
Once it's working everything works fine.
The wii was modded with modmii a month ago and the HDD is also a month old.
It's a WD 500GB mypassport, I'm pretty sure smartware and sleep is off.
changing themes also cause wiiflow to crash sometimes
So my question is, is it a problem with wiiflow, a theme in wiiflow, a bad cover?? or is it something else.
Do you have an SD card? If so, try using WiiFlow on that. Problems with covers/freezing are pretty common when using a USB drive to run the app instead of an SD card.
Click to expand...
Yes I do, so do I just cut and paste the Wiiflow stuff from my drive to my SD?
Click to expand...
Do that, but you will also have to make sure your wiiflow.ini file doesn't point to your USB drive for covers, cheats, etc. If it crashes again, paste your wiiflow.ini file in spoiler tags and I will change the settings for you.
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Q:
恥知らず【はじしらず】 versus 厚顔無恥【こうがんむち】
The lack of examples makes me difficult to understand well the difference between 恥知らず and 厚顔無恥. Both seem to mean "shameless".
For example, can I use both as follows? Are there any differences?
脱いだまま公園で散歩する人は恥知らずだ。
脱いだまま公園で散歩する人は厚顔無恥だ。
A:
「恥知{はじし}らず」 is an originally Japanese word (大和言葉{やまとことば}) as you could tell from its reading/pronunciation. (Please do not be fooled by the use of kanji (恥 & 知). The kanji were just "assigned" to the word later on. Japanese was only a spoken language before we encountered the Chinese and started learning the kanji and created the kana.)
「厚顔無恥{こうがんむち}」 is, of course, a straight-up Sino-loanword.
Just like the million other Yamato-Sino word pairs, there is little to no difference in the basic meaning.
The difference that does exist is that the Sino counterpart tends to sound more formal, more academic, less intuitive, etc. than the Yamato counterpart.
Finally, the general differences between Yamato words and Sino loanwords are strikingly similar, IMHO, to those between English-origin words and "big" Latin loanwords used in English - begin vs. commence, worker vs. employee, put out vs. extinguish, go down vs. descend, etc.
A:
These two are basically same meaning,so either one is fine in this situation.
To be exact, for me, 厚顔無恥 sounds a bit stronger than 恥知らず, but Japanese don't care the differences so much.
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Men’s PFG Slack Tide™ Camp Shirt is rated 4.9 out of 5 by 175 .
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Rated 5 out of 5 by 10Gilmore from Tidewater men’s shirt, great product! Got this for my hubby, he loves it! Great color!
Rated 5 out of 5 by CHDawg from Great Shirt I really like this shirt. It does not have all the pockets and flaps. It wears great! It is my everyday go to shirt.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Ski1960 from great shirt Great Shirt. Color stays true through washing. Very cool and comfortable in the Florida heat.
Rated 5 out of 5 by Ynotfish from Excellent, 2nd one! great quality. 2nd one I've purchased
Rated 5 out of 5 by jpinKS from Exactly what I wanted The color of this shirt gets a lot of positive comments. I'm shocked that I am wearing anything sized small, but that's what it took in this shirt (I originally ordered a medium, as that is what nearly everything in my wardrobe, including all my Columbia shirts, are sized).
Rated 5 out of 5 by JRIslander from Roomy Shirt This shirt has plenty of room and breathes very good. It provides excellent protection from the sun as well. I would recommend this shirt for all outdoor activities.
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Rated 5 out of 5 by WillyP from T shirt Runs Large I am 5.7 190 lbs, chest size 44 , muscular big frame body type , the size M fits me perfect Fabric is light and very. Confortable , color is nice
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Rated 5 out of 5 by Nymike from Camp shirt Great shirt, great fit , great material - all around great
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Rated 5 out of 5 by Minister from Awesome shirt As the president of a Christian ministry organization, I periodically purchase shirts and imprint our logo on the pocket for our leaders/presenters. This year I chose this shirt and couldn’t have been more satisfied. Comfortable, breathable, dressy enough to wear in semi-formal setting yet functional enough to wear casually. One word for this shirt: Awesome! I will certainly be purchasing more.
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Introduction
The World’s First Family of Precious Metal Legal Tender Cryptocurrencies
The Quintric1 monetary system combines the legitimacy, accountability and security of gold and silver (“specie”) legal tender with the transparency, flexibility and convenience of distributed, blockchain technology to create the world’s first authentic, interoperable family of specie legal tender cryptocurrencies. The Quintric system consists of five interoperable, yet independent, specie-based tokens: Quint2; QuintS3; iQuint4; iQuintS5; and QuintX6.
The system design and implementation represents the leaders in the monetary reform efforts to succeed where existing cryptocurrencies to date have failed: to create the first cryptocurrency that can actually function as a usable currency. Each of the five Quintric tokens constitutes a vital piece in completing that elusive crypto puzzle. With the advent of Quintric, the objective of a transparent, blockchain medium of exchange has moved from theory towards viable implementation.
This website summarizes the revolutionary, patent-pending program, which provides a workable plan for placing a fully functional currency into the cryptosphere. While public launch is currently slated for the latter half of 2018, early adopters can begin to access the power of Quintric starting now through this pre-launch offering.
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[Editor’s Note: Be sure to join IGN and Harmonix for the world gameplay premiere of Rock Band 4 in our live stream on Friday, May 15 at 12pm PT/3pm ET/7pm GMT. That's 5am AEST on Saturday.]
see deal Rock Band 4 - PlayStation 4 $59.99 on Gamestop
Many would agree that Rock Band 2 was the peak of Rock Band’s campaign design. Rock Band 4
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“ You’ll – as a band – be able to vote on a setlist.
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“A gig is a new structure that we’ve put into Rock Band 4 to sort of capture the feeling of a live performance,” Lead Designer Chris Foster told IGN. It’s also an incredible way to have an extra layer of fun, or cause tension with, the people you’re playing with.Here’s hoping Rock Band 4 doesn’t cause any band breakups.Essentially, Gigs operate similar to older games’ Setlists, or Rock Band 3’s Challenges. “It’s a series of songs subdivided into a series of sets with set breaks,” said Foster. A Gig we played involved four songs in two sets of two. A set break between each duo had stuff we’ve never seen in Rock Band before.“If you’re the vocalist, you’re able to perform a sort of stage patter…it’s sort of like adding some LARPing to your Rock Band experience,” Foster said. “You’re sort of role-playing a different event that is sort of happening offstage, or got you to the show in the first place inside the campaign, we’re using them to deliver the narrative experience.”So what does that mean, gameplay-wise?“They need to be really fun to play,” Foster said. “Particularly as the crowd is reacting. So, you’ll do your crowd work as a vocalist, the band will play a couple of songs, and then you’ll take another break. And in those breaks, you’ll be able to do a lot of voting. In some cases, there’ll be a set list that is predefined, like in previous Rock Bands. But in other cases, you’ll – as a band – be able to vote on a setlist.”Choices appear between sets, drawn from your music library and the gig’s theme/genre. Bandmates have a limited time to choose the song they all wish to play -- which could lead to interesting, awkward interactions with you band. Your guitarist may decide on a spectacular, fun song the vocalist doesn’t know, or can’t sing to properly. An exhausted drummer can vote for something laid-back, while the rest of his bandmates troll her with a gnarly drum solo track.“It becomes a really interesting collaborative and competitive experience, as you’ll have people say what they want and what they absolutely don’t want,” Foster said. “It’s fun, because when you’re beat-matching, it’s tunnel vision; you’re focused on your instrument, you’re barely aware of other people if they’re falling out or if you can save them. But the moments between songs, we’re able to come up with these other game experiences, and they can be really fun.”
Fighting or messing with your band isn’t necessarily to your advantage of course. You can carry over your multipliers and Overdrive power between songs during gigs, adding a small but interesting extra layer of strategy that can affect your band’s score.
Gigs can be played for kicks in a party setting, for sure, but they’re also core to Rock Band 4’s campaign -- which involves an interesting branching narrative similar to an RPG. We’ll have more on that for you later this month.For more on Harmonix’s upcoming rhythm game, check out Everything You Need to Know About Rock Band 4 , and stay tuned to IGN for more First reveals all May long.
Mitch Dyer is an Editor at IGN. He hosts IGN Arena , a podcast about MOBAs. Talk to Mitch about Dota 2, movies, books, and other stuff on Twitter at @MitchyD and subscribe to MitchyD on Twitch
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Sea And Sky Blue Hair Color 2017 You Will Adore
Posted by Joaquina Rawlings on February 23, 2017
Sea And Sky Blue Hair Color 2017 You Will Adore. Homer used two adjectives to describe aspects of the colour blue: kuaneos, to denote a dark shade of blue merging into black; and glaukos, to describe a sort of ‘blue-grey’, notably used in Athena’s epithet glaukopis, her ‘grey-gleaming eyes’. He describes the sky as big, starry, or of
Girls With Blue Hair. of a color intermediate between green and violet, as of the sky or sea on a sunny day
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Helsinki could not have timed one of their biggest pieces of city infrastructure any better. A small city with big city thinking.
Photo gallery below
Helsinki is small as far as world capitals go. But it’s different than other typical European cities. It has a high proportion of sprawl. Something that North American cities now understand links to health, economic, and cost of living decline. Yet Helsinki has not experienced the negative aspects of sprawl to a level of other cities with similar make-up. In fact, it is considered to be one of the most livable cities in the world. A list primarily made up of compact urban areas. So what do they have that other small, car dependent, less livable cities don’t?
Helsinki Sprawl
Less than 1.5 million people live in Helsinki. While the central part of the city is dense, more than half live in outlying (or suburban) areas with spread out development patterns. Unlike many other European cities that are models for western urban planning policy, Helsinki is quite sprawled.
Suburban Population Boom
The city was a late bloomer. Following World War 2, the population doubled to just over half a million before 1970. Afterwards, population growth continued to soar. However, with Helsinki getting crowded, people started to move to outlying areas like Espoo and Vantaa. Today, there are several outlying suburban communities that exist.
Big Events mean aggressive planning
Still a small city, Helsinki was set to host the Summer Olympics in 1940. While they didn’t actually host until 1952 (due to World War 2), it was the smallest host of the games. The immediate previous hosts were London, Tokyo, Los Angeles, and Berlin just to give context. To some extent, the Games necessitate a more aggressive city planning paradigm. At least for a short period of time. Following the Olympics, the city experienced unprecedented growth. A rate of expansion that would cement the Olympic style planning culture.
Good Timing of Major Transit improvement
Like many North American cities, Helsinki’s growth had focused in suburbs that are laden with convoluted street networks and sparse land use patterns. Luckily the city managed to open a modern Metro (subway) system in the early 80s. The timing of it may have been key to today’s city success. With car ownership still low at the time, they managed to fight a growing culture of driving before it became problematic. The subway system being a key feature. Today, less than half of the population use cars in a city that has a density and urban fabric similar to more car friendly places. While it took just over 25 years to plan and build the subway system, consider how long it has taken / is taking other small cities to accomplish lesser feats (i.e. bus rapid transit or light rail). Furthermore, bus rapid transit and light rail are much more economical choices and are just as effective with small cities (500k or less population).
Big and small at the same time
Helsinki’s bike culture continues to grow
Thanks to aggressive planning and a pre-established public acceptance of planning ‘big’, Helsinki has managed to collect accomplishments comparable to much larger cities. Cities also in regions more strategically advantageous. Quiet, yet vibrant, this city has the balance of big city benefits while limiting the negative aspects. While perhaps far fetched, they are even considering building a tunnel across the Gulf of Finland to link with mainland Europe. Other cities take note – thinking big (even when you are small) could reap benefits.
Helsinki Video – Vibrant Baltic City
Helsinki Photos
[Sources: HKL, Wikipedia]
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The invention relates to a radiator frame for a cooling module of an internal combustion engine, having a fastening element for fastening the cooling module to/on/in a radiator of the internal combustion engine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a cooling module or a cooling device for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, having a radiator frame according to the invention.
A motor vehicle which can be driven by an internal combustion engine has as a rule a water cooling system which guides a cooling water which is heated by the internal combustion engine through a radiator, the cooling water discharging its heat to a cooling air which flows through the radiator. At a standstill and/or at slow speeds of the motor vehicle, a heat build-up occurs in the radiator which is typically arranged in the frontal region of the motor vehicle. In order to avoid a heat build-up of this type, the radiator is as a rule assigned a cooling module which has a fan and serves to additionally convey the cooling air through the radiator. The fan which has a fan motor and a fan wheel is as a rule accommodated on/in a radiator frame behind the radiator in the direction of the vehicle interior of the motor vehicle, which radiator frame is in turn positioned and fastened with regard to the radiator.
The cooling module of the radiator as a rule has a single fan wheel or a plurality of fan wheels, a number, preferably corresponding to the former, of electric motors (fan motors), and the radiator frame. Furthermore, the radiator frame serves to guide the cooling air in as optimum a manner as possible for cooling the radiator and therefore the internal combustion engine and to secure a unit comprising the electric motor or motors and the fan wheel or wheels. A mechanical attachment of the radiator frame and therefore of the cooling module to the radiator or in the vicinity of the radiator of the motor vehicle usually takes place, depending on vehicle type, by means of from at least four to over six fastening elements. That is to say, in a mounted position of the cooling module, from at least four to over six bearing regions are usually formed between the cooling module and the radiator or the motor vehicle.—The fan wheel has a hub which is preferably produced from plastic, a driver which is preferably sintered, and fan blades which are connected, preferably integrally, to the hub on a radial inner side and, likewise preferably integrally, to a fan belt of the fan wheel on a radial outer side. The fan belt of the fan wheel mainly works as a fluid-mechanical seal with respect to the radiator frame.
The fastening elements of the radiator frame serve to suppress the degrees of freedom (translation and rotation in in each case three spatial directions) between the radiator and the radiator frame and therefore the cooling module, or of an attachment of the radiator frame or the cooling module to the motor vehicle. During operation of the motor vehicle, not inconsiderable forces act on the cooling module and therefore on the radiator frame. That is to say, depending on a shaking or vibratory load, different forces and/or moments which change over time act on the fastening elements of the radiator frame. Loads in a y-direction, that is to say a transverse direction of the motor vehicle, and therefore on a fastening element of the radiator frame which locks the cooling module in these directions at least in a single y-direction are to be considered critically, in particular; that is to say, in particular, therefore a fastening element of a locating or fixed bearing between the radiator frame and its mechanical attachment in the motor vehicle. A fracture of the fastening element can occur here.
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BANGKOK — Manit Inpim meant to travel from Terminal 21 to Phloen Chit for a Sunday evening appointment. Instead, the wheelchair user ended up at a police station after smashing the locked glass door of a BTS elevator with his fist.
“I raged at the policy. I shouted that I already bought a ticket but still couldn’t commute, then I punched the locked door seven to eight times,” Manit said Monday as he took reporters to revisit the scene at BTS Asok.
It was not the first time the disabled rights activist has appeared in the news. For years, Manit and his fellow activists with Transportation for All have campaigned to make public transportation accessible. Three years ago, they won a landmark victory in which the Supreme Court ordered City Hall to install working elevators at all original BTS stations.
Read: Three Years of Excuses Later, BTS Still Not Accessible
A Khaosod English survey in January found some stations still lack functioning lifts. Most that do have elevators only connect to the ground level on one side of the street.
Manit said his anger Sunday mounted from the fact that staff at BTS Asok had refused to unlock the elevator door unless he completed a form specifically made for commuters with disabilities. They barred him from using the elevator unless he wrote down his name, destination, and date and time of travel.
That demand violates his rights and discriminates against commuters with disabilities, he said, adding that he’s never been asked to sign a form to use the elevators at other BTS stations.
After nearly half an hour of discussion, Manit lost control of his rage. He was taken by police to Lumpini Police Station. He was not charged.
As of Monday afternoon, Manit said he had yet to be contacted formally by anyone from the BTS Skytrain operator or City Hall. He gave the authorities one week to take action reversing the policy, otherwise he vowed to sue City Hall, the BTS Skytrain and Transport Ministry.
City Hall’s top traffic and transportations official, Thanoochai Hooniwat, said he was unaware of any policy requiring elevator users to fill in a form.
“We will have a meeting with BTS, as they hold a concession for the original stations,” Thanoochai said Monday.
Thanoochai said they have only managed to complete 52 out of the promised 56 elevators at 19 BTS stations.
Construction at BTS Saphan Taksin has been deemed impossible as the station is slated for expansion. At BTS Sala Daeng, underground cables make it too difficult to add an elevator to the ground level, but passengers may use the one linked to MRT Silom that is connected to the BTS concourse level by a long skywalk. As for BTS Nana, Thanoochai said commuters can use the elevator inside a condo building liked to the station that is available for public use.
Manit’s angry reaction was met with sympathy by the public, who likened it to a recent scandal in which two senior women attacked a car parked illegally in front of their home to call public attention to a long-running problem. Still others disagreed with his choice to damage public property.
“I want to apologize. I know people cannot all agree with it 100 percent, but I already thought about it and believe this is the only way to move the issue forward,” he said.
After years of broken promises and false starts by the city, Manit and other commuters filed a class-action lawsuit against the city last year which has been slowly winding its way through the courts as lawyers for the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration file various legal challenges against it.
Manit featured in a 2016 video on BTS accessibility
Related stories:
Activists Ask Court to Probe City Hall’s Failure to Make BTS Accessible
City Hall Challenge Delays Decision on BTS Accessibility Suit
Elevators Unveiled at Four BTS Stations – But Do They Work?
How Long to Install BTS Elevators? City Hall Says 3 Years.
Wheelchair Rally to File Class-Action Lawsuit Over BTS Accessibility at Court
City Hall Fails to Make BTS Accessible 2 Years After Court Ruling
Broken Promises: BTS Still Off Limits to Disabled
BTS Stations Remain Inaccessible to Disabled, a Year After Landmark Ruling
Court Orders Skytrain to Accommodate Disabled Passengers
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In a multi-site communication system (for example the Terrestrial Trunked RAdio (TETRA) system), a geographical region is divided into a number of cells (or coverage areas), each of which is served by a base station. The switching infrastructure supporting the base stations (BS) (which are also referred to as base transceiver stations (BTS)) may be shared with other BS's. The switching infrastructure in a TETRA system is generally referred to as a switching and management infrastructure (SwMI). A remote unit referred to also as a subscriber, a mobile station (MS), or a communication unit is served via a radio communication link by the BS of a cell within which the remote unit is operating.
One of the basic advantages of the multi-site communication systems is that a subscriber may move from one geographical location to another one while receiving services from the network. To provide seamless service there are regions of overlapping coverage between base transceiver stations. As the subscriber moves from an area served by a first base station towards an area served by a second base station it enters the region of overlapping coverage. Within the region of overlapping coverage, the subscriber changes the serving base transceiver station. This is known as cell reselection or handover. To effectuate this cell reselection or handover, a high number of base stations are installed. Due to installation of the high number of base transceiver stations, there occurs coverage overlap between neighboring base stations.
If one of the neighboring base stations loses connectivity to the SwMI, the base stations operate in a local mode of operation. When operating in a local mode, the base stations operate according to predefined fixed instructions stored in the base stations; these instructions are usually stored in the base station at the time of network setup. However, operating according predefined instructions may not be appropriate according to the current traffic load within the cell.
Accordingly, there is a need for a method and an apparatus for dynamically determining the scope of services for a base station operating in local mode.
Skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve understanding of various embodiments. In addition, the description and drawings do not necessarily require the order illustrated. It will be further appreciated that certain actions and/or steps may be described or depicted in a particular order of occurrence while those skilled in the art will understand that such specificity with respect to sequence is not actually required.
The apparatus and method components have been represented where appropriate by conventional symbols in the drawings, showing only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present invention so as not to obscure the disclosure with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the description herein. Thus, it will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, common and well-understood elements that are useful or necessary in a commercially feasible embodiment may not be depicted in order to facilitate a less obstructed view of these various embodiments.
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Asian Science
Citation Index is committed to provide an authoritative, trusted
and significant information by the coverage of the most important
and influential journals to meet the needs of the global scientific
community.
Aims: Preclinical and clinical data suggest an involvement of atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) in alcohol-associated psychopathology. We now present first data on alcohol drinking behaviour in mice lacking a functional natriuretic peptide-A (NPR-A) receptor. Methods: NPR-A–/– and wild-type mice were given a free choice between water and increasing concentrations of alcohol (2–16%). A forced swim stress was performed thereafter on three consecutive days to investigate stress-induced alcohol drinking. Additionally, neurobehavioural alcohol withdrawal response was investigated following 14 days of forced-alcohol intake. Results: Whereas basal alcohol intake did not differ between NPR-A mutants and wild-type littermates, NPR-A mutants showed an increased stress-induced alcohol intake and aggravated neurobehavioural symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. Conclusions: Mice lacking a functional NPR-A receptor represent a useful model to study the role of the ANP system in alcohol-associated pathology. To study the role of the natriuretic NPR-A gene for the modulation of risk of alcohol-related disorders, NPR-A-related polymorphisms should be targeted in clinical studies.
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Caption: Sarah, left, and Jason O'Neill, with a portrait of their daughter Alyssa, who died at age 18 of an epileptic seizure on Sept. 4, take comfort in the outpouring of support that has come from all over the world since her death. The #AJO tag, promoting epilepsy awareness, has spread through social media across the globe. The family was photographed at their Millcreek Township home on Oct. 1. GREG WOHLFORD/Album ID: 1712197Photo ID: 49014530
This is a low-resolution representation of a high-resolution photo suitable for print reproduction. If the image displayed above is color - the print will be color. If the image displayed above is black and white - the print will be black and white.
This preview does not represent high image quality of the products that can be ordered from this site.
Unauthorized reproduction of this image prohibited by law. Watermarks do not appear on the final product.
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I'm looking for a way to change the language I give as input to the remote machine in an ssh session. All I want is an analog of the Alt+Shift shortcut, but for the remote machine. Specifically, the language I want to use is Greek. I don't want permanent change, I just want to be able to change it repeatedly whenever I want. I've installed the locale packages for Greek (el-...) but it seems changing the language of the local keyboard does not help with the remote machine's language. E.g. I switch to Greek on the local computer, and I write - touch [greek characters' filename] in the command line, but then the file appears as ???, so there's something wrong. I don't know if it makes any difference, but I connect to the remote (Ubuntu) machine through PuTTY in Windows OS, and that's where I mainly intend to do so.
1 Answer
1
Generally this should work without a hitch - change the local input language, then the remote machine should receive the characters which a local machine would receive. It looks like the problem here is one of encoding or characters missing in the font; the file name, either when typed or when printed with ls or other commands, is displayed in an encoding/font which doesn't support the characters you've entered (hence the question marks). Check the encoding settings in PuTTY and verify that it's set to something compatible with Greek (UTF-8 should work).
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Interactive effects of salinity and elevated CO2 levels on juvenile eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica.
Rising levels of atmospheric CO(2) lead to acidification of the ocean and alter seawater carbonate chemistry, which can negatively impact calcifying organisms, including mollusks. In estuaries, exposure to elevated CO(2) levels often co-occurs with other stressors, such as reduced salinity, which enhances the acidification trend, affects ion and acid-base regulation of estuarine calcifiers and modifies their response to ocean acidification. We studied the interactive effects of salinity and partial pressure of CO(2) (P(CO2)) on biomineralization and energy homeostasis in juveniles of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, a common estuarine bivalve. Juveniles were exposed for 11 weeks to one of two environmentally relevant salinities (30 or 15 PSU) either at current atmospheric P(CO2) (∼400 μatm, normocapnia) or P(CO2) projected by moderate IPCC scenarios for the year 2100 (∼700-800 μatm, hypercapnia). Exposure of the juvenile oysters to elevated P(CO2) and/or low salinity led to a significant increase in mortality, reduction of tissue energy stores (glycogen and lipid) and negative soft tissue growth, indicating energy deficiency. Interestingly, tissue ATP levels were not affected by exposure to changing salinity and P(CO2), suggesting that juvenile oysters maintain their cellular energy status at the expense of lipid and glycogen stores. At the same time, no compensatory upregulation of carbonic anhydrase activity was found under the conditions of low salinity and high P(CO2). Metabolic profiling using magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed altered metabolite status following low salinity exposure; specifically, acetate levels were lower in hypercapnic than in normocapnic individuals at low salinity. Combined exposure to hypercapnia and low salinity negatively affected mechanical properties of shells of the juveniles, resulting in reduced hardness and fracture resistance. Thus, our data suggest that the combined effects of elevated P(CO2) and fluctuating salinity may jeopardize the survival of eastern oysters because of weakening of their shells and increased energy consumption.
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213 (number)
213 (two hundred [and] thirteen) is the number following 212 and preceding 214.
It is the smallest of a triple consecutive numbers that are products of two distinct prime numbers: 213 = 3 × 71, 214 = 2 × 107, and 215 = 5 × 43. Its square is a sum of distinct factorials: 2132 = 45369 = 1! + 2! + 3! + 7! + 8!.
See also
213, a hip hop music group
Area code 213
213 Lilaea a main belt asteroid.
+213 is the code for international direct-dial phone calls to Algeria.
References
Category:Integers
ca:Nombre 210#Nombres del 211 al 219
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e (0 - 28) + -75 + 90.
-13
Evaluate (-13 - -6) + 16 + -10 + -14.
-15
What is the value of -4 + 3 + (5 - (-9 + (19 - 11)))?
5
What is 13 + (14 - (-5 - -31))?
1
What is 11 - (-102 + 107 - (1 - 1))?
6
-5 - (-2 - (3 - -3) - -4)
-1
21 - (-3 - (1 - 13 - 2))
10
(-75 - -5) + 55 - (-52 + 1)
36
What is -1 - -1 - ((-18 - (-3 - 4)) + 0)?
11
What is the value of (7 + -2 - 1) + (0 - -2 - -10)?
16
Evaluate (-12 - -8) + -20 + 16.
-8
0 + (23 - (16 - 6)) + 6
19
Calculate -3 + (-4 - -4) - (4 + (7 - 23)).
9
Evaluate 21 + -30 - (-6 - (3 + -5 + -6)).
-11
Evaluate 3 - (0 + (-13 - -6) + 6 + -4).
8
-221 + 251 + -13 + 0
17
Calculate -5 - (-5 + 1 + 5 + -1) - 4.
-9
Calculate -25 - (29 + -46) - -33.
25
Evaluate 8 + -11 + -5 + 5 + -8.
-11
What is the value of 0 + 18 - (-57 + 14 + 40)?
21
(2 - -13) + (8 + -13 - 0)
10
Evaluate (6 - -1) + 4 + -10.
1
Evaluate -16 + (-6 - (-9 + (11 - (-5 + 10)))).
-19
What is 0 + (-6 + -1 - (-11 + (16 - -2)))?
-14
What is 57 + -39 + (2 - -6 - 8)?
18
Evaluate -423 - -442 - (-1 + 24).
-4
What is the value of 7 + (-6 + 6 - 34) + 11?
-16
What is -4 + (9 - (2 + 8 + -6))?
1
What is -3 - -4 - -5 - (-3 - -16)?
-7
Evaluate -47 - -18 - -87 - 33.
25
Calculate -11 + 6 + 8 + 9 + -7.
5
What is (3 - -8 - 33) + 10?
-12
-26 - (30 - 43) - 4
-17
What is 7 - (-6 + -6 + 16)?
3
-1 + -1 + -5 + 13 - 8
-2
What is -3 + -16 + (-10 - -37)?
8
Evaluate -1 - 17 - (-135 + 129).
-12
(-5 - -2) + (-6 - (-12 + 15))
-12
-7 + -6 + 2 + (4 - (5 - 4))
-8
What is -8 - -12 - (7 - -1)?
-4
What is the value of 27 + 5 + -85 + 34?
-19
Evaluate -14 - ((5 - (9 + 15)) + 0 + 9).
-4
Calculate -7 + 6 + -10 + 1.
-10
Calculate (4 - 40) + 27 + -4.
-13
Calculate (-26 + 21 - -12) + -13.
-6
28 - (5 - (-4 - (5 - 2)))
16
Calculate (4 - (20 - 13)) + 13.
10
What is the value of -26 - (-23 + -3 + 3)?
-3
Calculate 7 + 4 + (1 - 3) + -15.
-6
Calculate -4 - 1 - (4 + 5 + -15 - -5).
-4
What is the value of 11 - (-16 - -35) - (4 + -2)?
-10
Calculate (-3 - 1) + 6 + (1 + -10 - -20).
13
Evaluate 7 + (-7 - 2) + 17 + (5 - 1).
19
-13 + 16 - (-6 - -6 - 11)
14
9 + (-18 + (-3 - -10) - -12) + 10
20
What is -12 + 9 + -2 + 9 - (-28 - -2)?
30
Evaluate -5 + (-7 - (34 - 17)).
-29
What is (55 - 37) + (1 - 5) + (6 - 4)?
16
Evaluate 3 + 24 - (66 + -34).
-5
What is 0 - -4 - (-7 - -14)?
-3
What is the value of (-78 + 70 - (-15 - 0)) + -12?
-5
Calculate (-10 - -6) + 34 - (-14 + 17).
27
Calculate -1 + 0 + 4 + 74 + -80.
-3
4 + (1 + -12 - (86 - 95))
2
Calculate 10 - (5 + (0 - 7 - 2) + -1).
15
-13 - 1 - (-250 - -238)
-2
Evaluate 23 + -8 - 2 - (-20 - (-14 - -4)).
23
Evaluate (-16 - -21) + 11 + -24.
-8
What is the value of (-1 - 0) + (2 + 17 - 21) + -6?
-9
Evaluate 19 - -3 - (-12 + 12 + 12).
10
Evaluate 2 + 25 + (-21 - (-3 - (-13 - -23))).
19
What is -6 + (-1 - (1 + (-1 - 4)))?
-3
-398 + 372 - (5 - 6 - 1)
-24
Evaluate -12 + (13 - -4) + 14 + 1.
20
What is 6 + (4 - (-10 + 18 + -14))?
16
What is (-23 - (26 + -46)) + (3 - 1)?
-1
What is the value of 3 + 1 + (0 + -26 + 4 - -4)?
-14
-11 + 21 + -4 + 4
10
What is the value of 8 - (18 - (-11 - -26))?
5
Evaluate -5 - (-19 + 24) - -26.
16
-29 + 5 + 22 + -5
-7
What is the value of 24 + -10 + -6 - (-15 + 5)?
18
What is (3 - -62) + -101 + (1 - -7)?
-28
Calculate -12 + (52 - 34) + (-11 - (1 + 1)).
-7
What is (1 - 11) + (-433 - -446)?
3
What is the value of 3 + 9 + (-42 - -35) - 11 - -14?
8
36 + -15 + -11 + 2
12
What is the value of -4 - -35 - (77 - 14)?
-32
What is the value of 11 - 4 - (38 - (-2 - -3))?
-30
What is the value of 10 + -11 + -8 + 9 + 0?
0
What is -1 + -3 + 3 + 2 + -29 + 16?
-12
What is the value of (-31 - (-7 - -4)) + 11 - -1?
-16
-312 + 291 - (1 + -8)
-14
Evaluate -32 - -20 - -6 - (2 + -1).
-7
7 - 1 - (27 + -1 + -11)
-9
What is 7 + (-20 - 1) - -3?
-11
Calculate (167 - 156) + 10 + 1.
22
Calculate -9 - (13 - 29) - 37.
-30
Evaluate -4 + (41 + -2 - (17 + -11 + -6)).
35
0 + (0 + 1 - -5) - (-1606 - -1587)
25
What is (-1 - 7) + -8 + (8 - 4)?
-12
17 + -21 + 3 - 15
-16
Evaluate (0 - -2 - 8) + -18 + 36 - 1.
11
Calculate -11 + -3 + (123 - 98).
11
What is 36 - (-21 + 9 + 29)?
19
(-34 + 25 - 3) + 20 + 0
8
What is the value of -4 - (-3 - 6) - (-11 + 23)?
-7
Calculate -1 - (-3 + 1 + (-3 - 0) + 3).
1
Calculate (19 + -2 - (6 + -3 + -1)) + -5.
10
-7 - -2 - ((-11 - 5) + 18)
-7
132 + -149 - (-7 + -1)
-9
What is the value of -7 + -24 - (-10 + 12 + -8)?
-25
Calculate 1 + 6 + -27 + 12 - (0 + 14).
-22
What is the value of 26 - (23 + (-20 - 2))?
25
(28 - -11) + -49 + 24
14
What is (6 - 11 - 4) + (23 - 12)?
2
What is 1 + -1 + -21 + 7 - 12?
-26
What is 15 - (-7 + 4) - 8?
10
Evaluate 6 + (11 - 3) - 12.
2
Calculate -16 + -1 + (-7 - 9) + 22.
-11
What is the value of 12 - (41 - (20 + -1))?
-10
Evaluate (14 - (1 - -11)) + -38 + 2.
-34
Evaluate -8 + (6 - (3 - (0 + 2) - -1)).
-4
What is -1 + -2 + -1 - (64 + -61)?
-7
What is -3 - -2 - 24 - (15 - 14 - 11)?
-15
What is 16 - (3 + -16 - -40)?
-11
What is 2 + -13 - 1 - -10?
-2
What is 50 - (58 - 33) - 12?
13
What is -6 + (1 - (-10 + 4 + -6 + 7))?
0
-22 + 5 + -12 + 6 + 12
-11
Evaluate 8 + 1 + (7 - (-10 - -22)) - 5.
-1
-11 + (-19 - -2) + 15 + (-1 - -5)
-9
5 + (15 - 3 - (-11 + 14))
14
Calculate -2 + (2 + (-6 - -7) - -3) - -1.
5
Evaluate (-199 - -193) + -7 + -2.
-15
2 + -1 + -5 - (-3 + -5 + 9)
-5
What is the value of (-1 + 0 + 18 - 1) + -1?
15
What is the value of 6 - 7 - ((2 - -7) + -5 - 9)?
4
What is (-280 - -266) + (2 - (-1 + 1)) + 3?
-9
6 - (7 + -22 + 3) - 45
-27
Evaluate -4 + 4 + -1 + -8 + 1 + 41.
33
What is the value of 0 + 22 + -9 + 0?
13
What is the value of (-26 - 4) + 7 + 6?
-17
Calculate -28 + 20 + (1 + 8 - -19).
20
Evaluate -9 - (-12 + 5) - (5 + -4).
-3
What is -8 - (-21 - (-20 + 13))?
6
Evaluate (7 - -3) + 15 - 18 - (8 + 1).
-2
-4 + (-4 + -3 - (-20 - -2))
7
Calculate 0 + -5 - -2 - (1 - (-5 + -5)).
-14
Calculate (-1 - 39) + 1 + (22 - 85 - -72).
-30
Evaluate 18 - (-15 + -2 + 30).
5
What is the value of -18 + 13 + (3 - (5 - 2))?
-5
Calculate -15 + (7 - -21) - (-1 + -5).
19
What is the value of 16 + 12 + -2 + 6?
32
Calculate 9 + -3 + (0 - -4 - 6) + -5.
-1
Evaluate 25 + (-9 - (-6 + (-1 - -3) - 5)).
25
What is (9 - 2) + (-8 - -20) + -17?
2
Evaluate -5 - ((-32 - -24) + -11).
14
Calculate 0 - -6 - (-16 - (-55 + 33)).
0
What is -14 - (-3 + 0 + -9 + 0 + 7)?
-9
Calculate -3 + -13 + (7 - 4).
-13
What is the value of (5 + -23 - -10) + (35 - 1) + -6?
20
14 - (19 + 13 + -22)
4
What is the value of -25 - (10 - (3 + -1) - 16)?
-17
Calculate (7 - -9 - 33 - 0) + (0 - 10).
-27
What is 9 + -2 - (-7 + 10 + 5) - 11?
-12
Evaluate -24 + 29 - 24 - -24.
5
Evaluate -4 - 1 - (-4 - (-8 - (-13 - -5))).
-1
Evaluate -1 - -11 - (1 - (0 - -4)).
13
Evaluate -5 - -11 - (-3 + 2).
7
What is the value of 1 - -6 - (28 + -15 - 17)?
11
Calculate -7 + (-6 + 10 - 0).
-3
What is the value of (9 - (0 - -8) - 4) + 27?
24
What is (-157 - -158) + (1 + -39 - (10 + -12))?
-35
-53 - -37 - -51 - 21
14
What is 2 + -10 + (-14 - (-5 + 11 + -6))?
-22
Evaluate -26 + 37 - (-3 - (12 + -1)).
25
Calculate 14 + 1 - (10 - -31 - 36).
10
What is the value of 34 + 10 + -60 + -1?
-17
What is 2 + 2 - (64 + -59) - -23?
22
What is the value of -8 - ((13 - 6) + -12 + -9)?
6
Evaluate (-51 - -52) + 20 + 6.
27
What is 12 + 13 - 10 - 6?
9
Evaluate 2 + -20 + (-41 - -67).
8
What is -4 + -16 + 55 - (9 - -1)?
25
What is 101 + -69 + (5 + -7 - 7) - 6?
17
What is -16 + -2 - -2 - (-36 + 31)?
-11
Calculate -35 + 26 - 8 - 14.
-31
-8 + 3 + 7 + -20 + 10
-8
What is 1 + (0 - (-6 + 7) - (-8 - -3))?
5
Calculate -20 - -18 - (0 + 5) - 9.
-16
Evaluate -14 - (-30 + 13 - -8).
-5
-11 - (-16 + -1 + -1)
7
Evaluate 0 - (0 - 7) - (31 - (5 + 23)).
4
Calculate (7 - 6) + (8 + -4 - 8 - -12).
9
(-19 - -5) + (11 - -8)
5
Evaluate 2 + (-5 + -2 + 8 + 0 - -16).
19
Calculate 19 - (-33 + (18 - -13) - (5 - 1)).
25
Evaluate (20 - 9) + -51 + 35.
-5
What is -545 - -527 - ((-2 - 2) + 0)?
-14
Evaluate (-252 - -223) + (2 - -20).
-7
(2 - -2) + (-9 + 6 - (-2 + 0))
3
Evaluate 6 + -8 + 206 + -211.
-7
What is -4 + (11 - (41 + (-7 - 8)))?
-19
What is 16 + -5 + -4 + -11?
-4
What is the value of (29 - (-13 + 20)) + -12?
10
Calculate (-115 - -133) + 2 + -37.
-17
Calculate 44 + -5 - (13 - 2) - 8.
20
-1 + (4 - 0) + (14 - (-3 + 34))
-14
What is the value of -3 + 4 + -2 + -7 + -4 + 0?
-12
Calculate (11 - 7 - 11) + -10 + 0.
-17
What is (-8 - (-4 + -7 + 11)) + 20?
12
What is the value of -1 + 16 - (
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On a QlikSense KPI Object, one can set Link to Sheet to a Sheet. Then on clicking that KPI Object it creates and opens a new tab for that Sheet, which is good........ BUT...... Even if there is already a tab open for that sheet it creates a new tab, so after a bit of navigating & clicking one ends up with loads of tabs of the same sheet open.
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The present invention relates more particularly, but not exclusively, to a type of pump that is commonly known as a “pusher-pump”. Such a term is explained by the fact that the dispenser member includes a pusher that forms not only a dispenser orifice, but also defines a portion of a liquid chamber in which the liquid is put under pressure in selective manner. In some pumps, an inner surface of the pusher, of generally substantially cylindrical shape, serves as a sealing slide-cylinder for a piston of an outlet valve that is displaced with sealing contact inside the cylinder, thereby uncovering the dispenser orifice in selective manner. In general, the pistons are of the differential type, being displaced in response to a variation in the pressure of the liquid inside the chamber. Thus, in such a pusher-pump, there is a valve piston and a main piston that are displaceable in sealing contact in respective cylinders. The two pistons can be made integrally, and the unit as a whole can be referred to simply by the term “piston” comprising a main-piston lip and an outlet-valve lip.
In the prior-art, documents WO 97/23304, U.S. Pat. No. 4,050,613, and WO 2005/063405 are known that all describe pusher-pumps that operate on the above-defined principle. They all describe pumps comprising a pusher, a body that is mounted securely by means of a ring on the opening of a receptacle, and a differential piston that integrates the main-piston and valve-piston functions by forming a main-piston lip and one or two outlet-valve lips. The differential piston slides inside the pusher in response to a variation in pressure. The body, the pusher, and the differential piston together form a chamber. When the pressure increases in the chamber, the differential piston is displaced relative to the pusher. In addition, the inlet valve of the chamber is formed by a ball, a deformable-flap valve, or by the differential piston itself.
The problem that is encountered with that type of pump is priming the pump, i.e. filling the chamber for the first time with liquid coming from the reservoir. The above-mentioned prior-art documents do not deal with that problem. Unlike conventional dispensers in which the pump makes it possible to expel the air that is initially contained in the chamber to the inside the reservoir, very often this is not possible with pusher-pumps, since they are mounted on reservoirs of very small capacity. As a result, it is not possible to expel the air that is initially contained in the chamber into the reservoir, since the reservoir is completely full of liquid. Expelling the air into a reservoir of small capacity could result in the pump malfunctioning because of the raised pressure of the liquid stored in the reservoir. Consequently, the prior-art solution cannot be applied to small-capacity reservoirs, such as reservoirs on which pusher-pumps are generally mounted. More generally, an object of the present invention is to prime a liquid dispenser device in simple manner, without an additional step, and at low cost. The solution consisting in expelling the air into the reservoir is not possible.
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Nuclear fusion energy is abundant and safe with a good application prospect, and thus might become the main energy source for human beings.
In a nuclear fusion apparatus, a plasma-facing material surface on the inner wall (hereinafter referred to as a “wall surface”) will be subjected to some ordeals, such as high thermal shock, high doses of neutron irradiation, deuterium and helium plasma irradiation, and the like. Refractory metals such as tungsten, molybdenum, and the like, are commonly used as plasma-facing materials, and tungsten is now a widely accepted and preferred plasma-facing material. However, when tungsten, molybdenum, and the like are irradiated by deuterium or helium plasma for a long period of time, hydrogen, helium, and isotopes thereof will aggregate under their surface layer, leading to a surface-blistering phenomenon. Moreover, during the operation of a nuclear fusion apparatus, there exists a continuous temperature fluctuation, which produces a thermal fatigue effect on the wall surface, i.e., thermal fatigue cracks on the surface. These phenomena may damage the wall surface, affect service conditions of the wall surface material and thus shorten the life of the wall material. Hence, it is an important researching subject in the field of nuclear fusion material to improve the resistance of a wall surface material to the fusion plasma irradiation.
Previously, in order to inhibit surface blistering, some methods were proposed that can achieve this object in question by using a gradient-porous structure or a columnar crystal. However, none of them can effectively reduce thermal fatigue cracking damage and the preparation processes used for these methods are relatively complicated.
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Oral lichen planus and diabetes mellitus. A clinico-pathological study.
A study was made of 72 patients with oral lichen planus associated (n = 28) or not with diabetes mellitus (n = 44). No significant differences were observed between both groups in terms of the location of the lichen planus lesions on the buccal mucosa, palate, gums or floor of the mouth. On the other hand, the diabetics exhibited a greater frequency of oral lichen planus on the tongue. Atrophic-erosive lesions were more common in patients with lichen planus associated with diabetes. Finally, no differences were observed between the two groups in terms of absolute inflammatory infiltrate in the connective tissue of the oral lichen planus lesions.
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Wednesday, 7 January 2015
At the University of Oxford Museum of Natural History, we are able to offer some fantastic experiences for all
our visitors, but arguably our Christmas Lectures for Year 9’s have the most potential
to be life changing.Seeing experiments
happen right in front of them in the lecture theatre and hearing from some of
the best in their field, these students are offered a chance to look at what
university education offers close up. These lectures are delivered by some of
the front runners in the field of science who are well known by their peers and
who more usually teach undergraduates and graduates.What could follow that?
However
talented the speaker, it turns out the collection of the Oxford University
Museum of Natural History is itself just as able to keep the attention of the
hard to impress teenager.Surrounded by
twenty Year 9 students recoiling from cockroaches loudly and with pantomime
gestures, I feel pretty much at home.Is
that the picture that comes to mind as the definition of success?For me, I think it is. Two hundred students came
out of the Chemistry lecture in high spirits.I hear the lads before I see them and when I ask the group “Would anyone
like to come and see some cockroaches?” They respond en masse, egging each
other on while clearly reluctant as individuals to actually touch the
insects.The noise settles as I wait for
their attention then introduce the insects.
Handling a cockroach
Curiosity
gets the better of them. Once several others have gently touched its back and
found it to feel a bit like the wooden surface of the handling table, one of
them bravely offers to hold a large cockroach.In a 2 minute encounter they have
overcome a prejudice, calmed their behaviour, bonded with the group and learnt
about the relevance of insects in biodiversity and asked relevant questions
taking responsibility for their own learning.
Museum education is not solely
about the moment of encounter with the collection, but also the reflection and
discussion of that encounter. One of the girls who had never previously come to
the museum and had never handled insects before really enjoyed the experience.
She insisted her friend film the cockroach in her hand as she didn’t want her
mum to miss out on learning about the insects. I wonder how her mum felt about
that?
I
guess there is quite a parallel with my own experience.Through
Skills for the Future, I too have had an unusual opportunity to experience
something unique in a hands-on way, and have been able to apply theoretical knowledge
about learning to real scenarios.I also
have a responsibility to ensure my own development and make the most of what is
offered and then share it in new ways.A
recent job interview showed me exactly how relevant the Skills for the Future
programme was, focusing as it did on the
skills of working as part of a wider team, being adaptable to the needs of an audience
in the moment as well as planning ahead and creating and developing a programme
and resources. I was able to give
examples of working with a wide range of audiences from Under Fives to Over
90’s and everyone in between.I could talk about working in a wide range of contexts
from a science museum DNA workshop in the lab to shadowingReminiscence OfficerHelen Fountain at a Day Centre for the elderly, to teaching a KS1 group at the Shrine of Taharqa in the Ashmolean Museum
and of course the lantern workshops which involved 200 children in nine schools.In addition, I could talk about creating
resources for all these audiences and reflect on my own learning.
Facilitating a DNA workshop at OUM
These
experiences are not unique to me of course; Aisling, Corie, Hannah, Jenny and
Rachel can equally cite their relevant experience as opportunities for work
arise for them.But while our direction
of travel in terms of our career ambition is the same, we are very different
people.Each one of us brings different
strengths and approaches, and we have learnt to make the most of that difference
too.Sharing and growing through peer
learning is a key part of our training and gives us something that is common to
all good museum educators: we share ideas and resources and lend a hand and are
extremely adaptable.Of all the
experiences I have particularly enjoyed working with the other trainees on
Outreach and In-reach activities such as Friday Live at the Ashmolean, The Need
Make Use at the Pitt Rivers Museum or
Cowley Carnival.Where non-traditional
museum audiences and these personalities combine I am always impressed by the
result which is so creative. The visitor comments show that the experience for
them is effortless and fun despite the huge amount of work behind the
scenes!
Trainees preparing for Live Friday at the Ashmolean
Trainees taking the 'museums' to the Cowley Carnival
While
each of us has much in the way of initiative we also know that pooling talent
makes for the best events and activities and enables us to achieve much more in
a short space of time than we could alone.As importantly, we have unique opportunities in Oxford to work at
different sites in different collections with different strategic priorities.We have learnt much from assisting other Education
professionals in each museum as they negotiate the daily issues that are never
on the job description, such as: “You will need to manage a group of thirty people
several of whom are in wheelchairs.They
are coming to an exhibition on the 3rd floor. The Lift can only take
one wheel chair at a time.Ensure that
every person in the group has an interesting and low stress visit” or “Manage
the expectations of a secondary school group who despite their booking
apparently thought this was a different museum with another specialism” or “A group of thirty has just arrived
unannounced and require a lesson”“A
schoolchild would like to buy one of the exhibits.”“A volunteer wishes to work with only one
activity out of three and is rejecting your proposed rota.”“Create an app for KS2 which is user
friendly, accessible to all abilities and which will be of interest to schools”
“Adapt a resource created for families to use with a primary group.Now adapt it again for under-fives.”
Before
I did the traineeship, I felt my lack of a teaching or post graduate
qualification was a barrier to gaining a role in museum education.Rejections from museum and heritage
organisations suggested that my informal experience as a volunteer did not
really count and my Heritage studies degree was almost an artefact in itself
being from 20 years previous.In
applying for the Skills for the Future Education and Outreach Traineeship I was
really looking for a way to prove to employers I could add value to their
organisation and contribute as a member of their team. The feedback from my Skills for the Future
interview showed me that the imagination, innovation and hard work I had
brought to volunteering were very welcome here at the Oxford University Museums
and Collections and would create
foundations to build upon.Through
rigorous recruiting and incredible training it is clear that Skills for the
Future Trainees are all highly committed to working in museum education and each
of us will reflect on our experiences to push the bar higher next time.
Post
Script:Mary has just accepted the role
of Lifelong Learning and Outreach Officer at Steam Museum and Lydiard Park in
Swindon.
No comments:
Post a Comment
About Me
Oxford University Museums & Collections were awarded funding from the Heritage Lottery Fund to provide training for 16 people interested in pursuing a career in museum education & outreach. So far 10 trainees have completed their training and have moved on to gain employment in the sector. Our final group of 6 trainees started their training in June 2014 and will finish in June 2015. During their time with us, trainees complete three placements in 3 of the following museums and collections: Ashmolean, Pitt Rivers, Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Museum of the History of Science, Joint Museums Office, and the Botanic Garden & Harcourt Arboretum
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Product Review: Cuisinart TOB-175BC Toaster Oven
The Cuisinart TOB-175BC is a convection toaster oven. This versatile machine features a 0.5 cubic foot capacity and a price of approximately $180. The oven features an easy-to-use control panel and a clock that also functions as the display. Let’s take a look at some of the other features offered by the Cuisinart TOB-175BC.
You can use virtually any cooking technique that you would use with a conventional oven with the Cuisinart TOB-175BC. It can broil, defrost, reheat, and bake your favorite foods. The baking function allows you to select a temperature up to 500 degrees Fahrenheit. The temperature ready indicator will notify you when the oven has reached the proper temperature.
The Cuisinart TOB-175BC toaster oven is equipped with an exact heat sensor. This allows you to choose temperature and cooking function then have the oven tell you when the food is ready. You can also use the timer to cook with the Cuisinart TOB-175BC.
The oven also features a two-position cooking rack. The rack is also equipped with safety stop features. The safety stop will prevent the shelf from falling out of the oven accidentally. The machine will automatically shutoff after four hours, so you never have to worry about leaving it on accidentally.
This toaster oven is preprogrammed for simple toasting and features a four to six slice toasting button. However, you can also customize the toasting setting if you want lighter or darker toast. The Cuisinart TOB-175BC is also equipped with a removable crumb tray.
The Cuisinart TOB-175BC toaster oven also has a convection option. This function uses a fan to circulate heat which will help distribute heat evenly and help your food stay moist. This option is perfect for heating anything from cake to roast meats.
This toaster oven is packaged with a drip tray and broiling pan. You are also provided with a crumb tray that you can slide out of the machine. Besides teaching you how to operate the oven, the instruction booklet also provides you with various recipes for popular food items.
If you’re looking for the perfect toaster oven for your kitchen, you should take a look at the Cuisinart TOB-175BC. It is equipped with a heat sensor that allows the oven to tell you when y our food is ready. The convection open will use a fan to help distribute heat evenly while allowing your food to remain moist.
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Andrew Yang’s contest to give away $120,000 to 10 Americans over the course of a year has attracted the attention of almost half a million people, according to a new report.
The raffle, which Yang announced during last Thursday’s debate, has apparently helped the 2020 Democratic longshot raise $1 million after 450,000 people entered the raffle within 72 hours and many of them also donated, Politico reports.
The Yang campaign told Politico that over 90% of the email addresses in its arsenal were acquired after the contest was launched.
The entrepreneur — whose primary campaign platform is to implement a universal basic income of $1,000 a month for American adults — is aiming to illustrate the need for his Freedom Dividend.
“We thought putting money into their hands in this way, would be an exciting way to do it,” Yang told The Post immediately following the debate. “I think we were clearly right, because the numbers have been tremendous.”
“I’m thrilled to see the Freedom Dividend in action with these 10 American families. I can’t wait for them to be picked. I can’t wait for them to talk about what it means to them. I can’t wait for us all to see how it improves their lives.”
Those who still want to enter can do so by entering their name, email and ZIP code at Yang2020.com. No campaign donation is required.
The contest will close Thursday night at 11:59 p.m. ET.
Yang’s campaign did not immediately respond to The Post’s request for comment.
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ACTH(1-24) stimulates the migration of human monocytes in vitro.
In view of the increasing evidence that a variety of stresses can influence immune responses, the direct effect of adrenocorticotropic hormone on the migration of human monocytes was studied in vitro. ACTH(1-24) significantly increased the number of migrating cells when placed in the same or the opposite compartment of the chemotaxis chamber, maximum activity being obtained at 10(-14) and 10(-8) M. The results indicate that ACTH(1-24) directly and potently stimulates the migration of human monocytes by means of a chemokinetic effect.
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Morphology of intrahepatic duct in surgical treatment of hepatolithiasis.
Surgery is the usual treatment for hepatolithiasis. However, the method of choice is based on intrahepatic duct morphology. Six hundred sixty-two patients with hepatolithiasis were operated on in the period between 1980-1994. Hepatolithiasis was clinically classified into primary (75.8%) and secondary (24.2%) types. Patients treated between 1990-1994 (35.9%), liver resection was performed in 71 patients (69 of left and 2 of the right liver). However, liver resection was chosen only in 6.7% (11/163) during the 1970s. Candidacy for liver resection increased recently due to the increase in primary type. According to the morphology of intrahepatic ducts, the location of stricture was classified into: Central type (n = 59, 30%), Segmental type (n = 101, 51%), and Subsegmental type (n = 21, 10.6%), and unclassified (n = 17, 8.4%). Liver resection was recommended for patients of segmental or subsegmental type. Choledocho-lithotomy with T-tube drainage was indicated in two third of the patients with hepatolithiasis. However, the incidence of post-operative retained stones was very high, and post-operative choledochoscopic lithotripsy was used to treat these post-operative problems easily. The mortality of this disease was 1% (2/198) in the 1990s compared with that of 4.1% (19/464) in 1980s and 10.1% (15/148) in 1970s. We strongly recommend that liver resection for patients with adequate indications will have good results. In addition, one should pay attention to the abnormal pattern of intrahepatic ducts that are commonly found in patients with hepatolithiasis during liver resection. Liver resection is an ideal surgical method for the eradication of diseased lesions and to prevent malignant changes from bile duct with stones. Concise information concerning the anatomic structure was found to be important in determining post-operative results in the management of hepatolithiasis.
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cold storage of bikes...any risks?
i want to hang my bikes on hooks outside my condo on a balcony. i'm in denver, and the condo faces west. i'm wondering if leaving them hanging outside in direct sunlight and cold temperatures is going to be a problem. wondering if shifting temperatures might expand and contract parts, if the sun might be bad for the rubber tires...
i ride almost every day so it's not like they're going to be out there neglected and untouched, but maybe the weather isn't a good thing? (they WOULDN'T be exposed to rain or snow. just sun and cold.)
Iím not speaking out of personal experience, but out of common cense. If I were you, I would probably cover them with a cloth or something, for protection from sun, since paint may fade over time. Nothing will expand nor contract enough for you even to notice or to damage the parts. Your tires will also be fine, since there's a bunch of folks who ride in snow and I didnít hear them complain.. If you ride in rain/snow, you might want to change the lube on your chain to accommodate these conditions. Thatís about it, I think
Doesnt sound too bright an idea to me. If the bikes were damp when you hung them up, and the temperature dropped below freezing, I'd think that could cause damage as the water freezes to ice, and I don't imagine direct sunlight on one side of a tire would be that good for the tire. But there again if it's warm and you cover damp bikes with a taup you'll encourage the conditions for them to rust. It may not matter in Denver (dry climate), but I'd think equipment in damp air would also be at risk from rusting if left outside, even if it's not directly in the rain. Having said all that, I'm not a scientist or an engineer, and somebody else might have better ideas.
Your talking about Hanging a bike, I have a question. Is there any problems hanging a bike upside down by the rims. I store my bike in the kitchen right now but would like to hang it insted of it just letting it get in the way. The real question woul be. Does it hurt the rims to hanging it by the rims for over a month or even two?
I've found when I lock my bike outside that in the morning when I get going my brakes (v-brakes) like to squeal like hell. I took the bike inside and it seems having both the rims and brake pads warm fixed it. It's just going to be a compromise. It won't destroy it; it's a bike. Bikes don't have very many moving parts so it's not a big deal. You just may have to do more maintenance than if you kept it inside.
"You must be the change you want to see in the world."
-Mahatma Gandhi
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Effect of salinity on biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of heavy crude oil in soil.
The spillage of crude oil in the soil damages the environment. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the crude oil components that may be harmful for living organisms. PAHs can disappear from the environment by volatilization and biodegradation. The effect of different NaCl concentrations (0%-5%) on PAHs reduction from the heavy crude oil-contaminated soil was studied. Our results showed that increasing NaCl concentration in soil had decreasing effect on total crude oil and PAHs reduction. The biodegradation of total crude oil was higher in 0% NaCl (41%) while higher total PAHs reduction was observed in 1% NaCl (35%). The lower total crude oil and PAHs reduction were observed in 5% NaCl (12% and 8% respectively). Phenanthrene, anthracene and pyrene reduction were higher in 1% NaCl, while fluoranthene and chrysene reduction were higher in 0% NaCl.
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About Randallstown, MD
As a Suburb of Baltimore, Randallstown is home to a diverse population. The unincorporated community was founded in the 18th century and saw rapid growth due to the tollgate crossroads on the Liberty Turnpike. Along with the location of the Choate House, which is on the National Register of Historic Places last, the city offers plenty of shopping, business, and lodging options for its diverse population. You can find quaint, peaceful living in the historical area of Randallstown.
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Mr. Day of Stoneham moves to amend the bill in section 2, in item 0339-1005, by adding the following: “not more than $100,000 to be allocated to Youth Villages to pilot multi-systemic therapy for emerging adults aged 18-24”; and in said item striking out the figures "$202,000" and inserting in place thereof the figures “$302,000”.
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Custom Bars and Furniture
Elegance...
Style...
...attention to detail
About the Wood Studio
Custom made furniture says a lot about your lifestyle. Your home or office is a statement about you and your success – let us design and create your dream, be it a bar, study or wine area. The Wood Studio specialises in the design and manufacture of Home Bars, Corporate Bars, Studies, Bookcases, Entertainment units, TV units, Wine Cellars & Racks and all other custom made wooden furniture. We construct from a wide variety of solid hardwood timbers including Mahogany, Teak, African Rosewood, Kiaat, Maple and Beech. All of our designs are tailor-made to suit the specific needs of our clientele.
What we do and why we're special
At The Wood Studio, we pride ourselves on the ability to simplify the custom wood design and manufacture process, delivering top quality craftsmanship at affordable prices.
This is made possible by our in-depth knowledge of wood design and the experience gathered from years of superb quality and custom wood craftsmanship, including customised wooden furniture, libraries, bars and cellars of distinction.
Each design and installation is unique; your bar will create an upmarket perception of exclusivity and discerning taste. The materials used and workmanship are of the highest quality as is our attention to detail in customising your bar to fit in with your existing decor.
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The maturity and series filter parameters enables specific contract maturities to be selected.
Duration refers to the time period over which futures and options contracts are defined. Currently used durations are monthly, quarterly, or calendar-year strips. Monthly contracts are introduced at the beginning of each quarter for the three months of the subsequent quarter. Quarterly contracts for all quarters in a year are introduced on the first trading day of the fourth quarter for the quarters of the year four years hence. Monthly and quarterly contracts may be traded from the time they are introduced until their date of expiration. Strips contain a strip of four quarterly contracts covering one calendar year. They are introduced at the beginning of the fourth quarter for the year four years hence, and may be traded up until the end of the first quarter in their year of expiration.
Commodity types are baseload and peak. Baseload commodities refer to 0.1 MW of electrical energy per hour for every hour of the contract's duration. Peak commodities only exist for quarterly durations and refer to 0.1 MW of electrical energy per hour for all hours between 7:00am and 10:00pm on each business day within the contract's duration. The implied spot price is not derived for peak contracts at this time.
Maturity or expiry dates apply for all individual contracts for each instrument, commodity type and duration. Users can select a specific contract expiry date that, when combined with a location, commodity type, and duration, define a specific contract.
The settlement price for options can be reported by selecting options from the instrument parameter. Each option contract is available with one of 90 strike prices; the report presents options prices as the trade weighted average settlement price across all strike prices in each of three strike price bands: $80/MWh.
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(CN) – An Amador County man claims in a lawsuit filed Wednesday that the California Highway Patrol failed to warn him that they rearmed an officer who wanted to kill him for being in a relationship with the officer’s estranged wife.
The department’s negligence also led to a 2018 incident in which the officer killed himself after murdering his wife, according to the suit.
Philip Debeaubien said in his 17-page complaint that he had been in a romantic relationship with Mary Wheat, the estranged wife of former CHP officer Brad Wheat, and was living with her in a Garden Valley, California, home in 2018.
Wheat became aware of his wife’s relationship with Debeaubien around July 2018 and began stalking the pair, according to the complaint, which was filed Wednesday in Sacramento Superior Court.
The officer allegedly used his CHP credentials to scan law enforcement databases for information that would lead him to Debeaubien, who claims in his complaint that Wheat’s fellow officers assisted him in the stalking activities.
In an Aug. 2, 2018 incident, Wheat stormed into a Garden Valley, California, home owned by his wife’s father and called her “whore.”
Debeaubien and Mary moved out of the house after the incident and relocated temporarily to a friend’s home in Sutter Creek, bubt Wheat somehow found them later that month and broke two windows of the home, according to the complaint.
On September 1, 2018, Wheat allegedly returned and broke all of the windows of the Sutter Creek home.
Debeaubien reported the incidents to local police and named Wheat as the “likely perpetrator.” Wheat was allowed to operate as a CHP officer despite being named in police reports, the complaint states.
During an August 4 assessment, the CHP, which oversees law enforcement on the state’s highways, found Wheat unfit for duty and removed his department-issued pistol and ammunition.
Wheat had revealed to a department psychologist that he had “uncontrolled anger” towards his wife and Debeaubien, according to the complaint.
Debeaubien said in his complaint that the department failed to issue him a Tarasoff warning, which is the practice of police agencies warning potential victims of violence.
In early September 2018, after the Garden Valley and Sutter Creek incidents, the department “inexplicably” reissued Wheat his weapon.
Debeaubien claims that the department “failed to properly asses Wheat’s fitness for duty and/or mental capacity.”
On September 3, Debeaubien went with Mary to the gym where he worked as a fitness trainer.
Wheat showed up.
Debeaubien describes in his complaint how he ended up shot, and Mary ended up dead.
The officer, who was off-duty, began banging on the gym’s backdoor and shouting loudly at the pair. At one point he shot out the gym’s front window with his gun.
After entering through the broken window, Wheat chased Debeaubien around the gym before shooting him in the left shoulder.
Despite being shot, Debeaubien tackled Wheat to ground, causing him to the drop gun, which was picked up by Mary.
After the tussle, Wheat escaped Debeaubien’s grasp and ran after Mary. Moments later, Debeaubien heard the gunshots that killed Mary and Wheat.
The fatal shootings were recorded by a bystander who was startled awake while sitting in a car nearby, but Debeaubien has not been allowed to see the video, according to the complaint.
Debeaubien says that CHP was aware of the underlying problems Wheat faced but chose to ignore the issues.
“Officers’ possession of firearms, combined with the knowledge that their crimes likely won’t be rigorously investigated, further serve to enable officer-involved domestic violence,” Debeaubien said in his complaint. “The CHP has inadequate policies to protect those at risk from domestic violence at the hands of their officers.”
The CHP and CHP officers Todd Brown, Reggie Whitehead and Brent Newman are named defendants in the suit.
A CHP spokesperson declined to comment, citing pending litigation.
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1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for compensating a steering wheel angle signal, which is subject to an offset, in a vehicle, to a corresponding device and to a corresponding computer program.
2. Description of the Related Art
A steering wheel angle signal portrays an angle position of a steering wheel of a vehicle. The steering wheel angle signal may be used for safety-relevant functions of the vehicle. If the steering wheel angle signal has an offset, it will be assumed in an electronics system of the vehicle that the steering turned even though the steering wheel is in a different angle position.
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The organ, vegan and gluten-free eatery opened at the former site of Cups Organic on Essex Street (across from Bank of America next to the former Black Rebel Burger).
This is the second location for Planted Eats, which opened last month at 61 Berdan Ave., in Wayne. Planted Eats is the first plant-based cafe in the area to offer CBD oil-infused menu items, according to its website.
Menu items
include quinoa-oat bowls, superfood crepes, salads, a variety of toast options, baked goods, kombucha on-tap and more. Anything on the menu can be CBD-infused at the customer's request.
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POLITICIANS Kelli Ward and Diane Douglas STAB Arizona Constitutional Activists in the Back
Having been involved in the Arizona Political process for about a decade now, I witnessed the most dumbfounding display of political betrayal of voters by politicians Diane Douglas and Kelli Ward at the February 6, 2016 Sun City West Republican Club meeting. Not surprising is all in attendance witnessed it as well but were totally oblivious as to what presented itself with the exception of a handful, reminds me of the syndrome people get when they are around star’s?
At the beginning of this first video 1 from the Sun City West Republican Club meeting, Kelli Ward can be seen gesturing her agreement as Supt. Diane Douglas began to state very clearly her concerns and disagreements with SB 1416 (2016). Mere minutes after Douglas concluded and Kelli Ward was introduced, the Douglas endorsement of Ward for U.S. Senate 2016 occurredvideo 2 where Douglas virtually didn’t utter a word other than upon approaching Ward, head down, Douglas under her breath corrected Ward that she as a citizen was endorsing her, not her in the capacity of Superintendent of Public Instruction, makes one wonder who actually wrote the endorsement.
Compare the proposed changes to law being considered in SB 1416 (2016)link 1 that Douglas condemned on 02/04/2016 (video 3) against the proposed changes of Senator Dr. Kelli Ward’s “Strike Everything – INSERT” Amendment to SB 1038 (2/20/2015) link 2that Ward doubled down four days later with her 02/24/2015 HB 2184 Amendment link 3Other than the Technical Corrections within SB1416 that lengthened the page count, it is for all intents and purposes THE EXACT SAME BILL (language) as the SB 1038 and Ward Amendment HB 2184, no difference between the three. Why Douglas in the first video made a big deal about the number of pages 1416 increased to is theatrical at best.
All three Senate Bills (one in the same) have the intent to take select Constitutional and Statuary Authority away from the elected position of the Superintendent of Public Instruction currently held by Diane Douglas, placing that authority with appointed – unelected CZARS being the State Board of Education.
So… Diane Douglas endorses the very person, former Senator Dr. KELLI WARD who in 2015 initiated SB 1038 and its equal the HB 2184 Ward Amendment that is now Senator Dial’s SB 1416 that removes a portion of her (OUR) her own Authority or the authority vested in the People’s Seat of the Arizona Superintendent of Public Instruction. Where the Douglas endorsement of Ward comes at the moment in time Douglas lambasts SB 1416… where Ward is seen in video 1 sitting behind Douglas with a cat who ate the canary expression as if in total agreement with Douglas.
Former Arizona Senator Kelli Ward, current 2016 Candidate U.S. Senate Dr. Kelli Ward who tells We The People she wants to put AZ in DC by stopping DC in AZ aka McCain, poured salt in the Diane Douglas’ wound by voting (along with 14 other Republicans) for Senate President Andy Biggs “Floor Amendment” to SB 1469 (03/07/2015) link 4.as read on the floor by Biggs: ‘amendment does change the Board of Education to a State Agency video 7. The FACT SHEET link 5clearly states it expands State Government by making the State Board of Education a State Agency complete with budget lines that will only grow in time, where Ward has stated she is for smaller government, for getting government out of our lives, apparently she didn’t read Biggs Bill and was asleep when he read it..
On January 2, 2016 at the Sun City West Republican Club meeting Diane Douglas explains her position on SB 1469 and the Biggs Floor Amendment video 8. Douglas clearly states the unconstitutionality of the legislation and she clearly doesn’t agree… IRONIC that one month later on February 6 at that very podium Douglas endorses Ward who voted for 1469 that included the Biggs Amendment.
Again, I’m just utterly dumbfounded by the behavior of Diane Douglas and Kelli Ward at the expense of Arizona’s K-12 STUDENTS let alone for our State Constitution. Do Ward and Douglas believe their actions aren’t questionable or just they’re naïve or hoping their voters are? The Douglas endorsement of Ward given the above defies logic, then again Common Core which they both say they don’t like has its issues with logic.
Diane Douglas’ endorsement of Kelli Ward after what Ward did to her coupled with Kelli Ward waving the Douglas endorsement around is repulsive. Ward and Douglas have no business in any elected office as they they are what they say they’re not – their words, their actions.
Oh, and by the way, those who have "betrayed" the voters are the GOP. They've been getting away with it for years at the national level and often at the state. The only people they listen to are their big donors, both foreign and domestic. We don't count. In fact, the way they have operated in Washington is as Democrat enablers. They pretend to represent us, but instead stiff-arm us, keeping our sensible policy needs in abeyance while allowing progressive policy to hold sway, even while holding a congressional majority. Ever notice how, no matter how much sense it makes, there’s always some excuse or other why it can’t be done? They are just as corrupt as the Democrats only less blatantly. They hide it better.
I hope both Miklica and Brendel read the article and links and if they believe the con job given by Ward & now Douglas is what really happened then no wonder the country is being flushed down the toilet.
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955 A.2d 1261 (2008)
110 Conn.App. 743
STATE of Connecticut
v.
Kurtulus KALICAN.
No. 28140.
Appellate Court of Connecticut.
Argued May 27, 2008.
Decided October 7, 2008.
*1264 Joseph Visone, special public defender, for the appellant (defendant).
Theresa Anne Ferryman, senior assistant state's attorney, with whom were Paul J. Narducci, senior assistant state's attorney, and, on the brief, Michael L. Regan, state's attorney, for the appellee (state).
FLYNN, C.J., and ROBINSON and PETERS, Js.
ROBINSON, J.
The defendant, Kurtulus Kalican, appeals from the judgment of conviction, rendered after a jury trial, of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm in violation of General Statutes § 53a-55a, attempt to commit murder in violation of General Statutes §§ 53a-49 and 53a-54a, assault in the first degree in violation of General Statutes § 53a-59(a)(1), carrying a pistol or revolver without a permit in violation of General Statutes § 29-35 and criminal violation of a protective order in violation of General Statutes § 53a-223. On appeal, the defendant claims that the court improperly (1) denied his motion to suppress a statement he made to the police, (2) admitted into evidence a document he wrote during his pretrial detention, (3) denied his claim that the state, during jury selection, exercised a peremptory challenge in a racially discriminatory manner and (4) failed to instruct the jury with respect to a photograph that had been admitted into evidence. We do not agree and, accordingly, affirm the judgment of the trial court.
The jury reasonably could have found the following facts. The defendant and Ayfer Kaya were married on August 31, 1990, and had three children. Kaya initiated a divorce action in May or June, 2002. The court rendered a judgment of dissolution in January, 2003. Following the divorce, the defendant retained a key to the former marital home, located at 86 Blackhall Street in New London, and would stay there when visiting the children. The defendant was employed in New Jersey, and he stayed there with his brother, Guner Kalican during the week.
After the divorce, Kaya became romantically involved with David Romero. At approximately 10:30 p.m. on September 21, 2003, Romero arrived at 86 Blackhall Street to spend time with Kaya. Romero and Kaya decided that he would stay overnight. The defendant telephoned Kaya and learned that Romero was in the former marital home. The defendant drove from New Jersey to New London. Upon his arrival, the defendant retrieved a revolver that he had stored in the basement of the home and then proceeded upstairs to the bedroom.
Kaya heard the bedroom door open and saw the defendant, who then turned on the lights and started firing the revolver. The defendant shot Romero and began to struggle with him. The defendant then shot Kaya in the leg, shot Romero a second *1265 time and then returned his attention to Kaya, shooting her in the chest. He pointed the revolver at her head and continued to pull the trigger but had exhausted his supply of ammunition. He then struck her in the head and mouth with the revolver. The defendant then departed in a red Chevy Tahoe.
During the struggle, Kaya successfully had dialed 911, and New London police officers were dispatched to the scene. Kaya informed the officers that the defendant had shot her and Romero, and that the defendant drove a red Chevy Tahoe. This information was used to apprehend the defendant on Interstate 95. Romero died as a result of his gunshot wounds. Kaya recovered from her serious physical injuries after receiving medical treatment.
The state, in a substitute information, charged the defendant with the murder of Romero, in violation of General Statutes § 53a-54a, the attempted murder of Kaya, the first degree assault of Kaya, carrying a pistol or revolver without a permit and criminal violation of a protective order. The jury found the defendant not guilty of murder with respect to Romero but found him guilty of the lesser included offense of manslaughter in the first degree with a firearm. The jury also found him guilty of the remaining charges. The court sentenced the defendant to sixty-four years of incarceration. This appeal followed. Additional facts will be set forth as necessary.
I
The defendant first claims that the court improperly denied his motion to suppress an incriminatory statement he made to the police. Specifically, he argues that he was subjected to a custodial interrogation while on Interstate 95 and that the court improperly found that he validly had waived his Miranda rights.[1] We conclude that the court properly determined that the defendant validly waived his Miranda rights, and, therefore, the defendant's claim must fail.
The following additional facts are necessary for our discussion. On August 9, 2004, the defendant filed a motion to suppress certain statements as well as any evidence obtained therefrom. The court held a hearing on May 2, 2006, with respect to this motion. Timothy Marely, a Stonington police officer, testified that during the early morning hours of September 22, 2003, he had been instructed to "be on the lookout" for a suspect operating a red Chevy Tahoe. After observing such a vehicle on Interstate 95, he effectuated a traffic stop and requested the presence of an additional officer. He then conducted a felony stop, which consisted of using the police vehicle's public address system to instruct the defendant to shut off his Tahoe's engine, exit the Tahoe, walk backward to the officers and lie face down on the ground with his hands out. The defendant complied with these instructions and was handcuffed and secured in the back of the police vehicle.
Michael Strecker, a New London police sergeant, and Robert L. Kanaitis, a New London police officer, were directed to depart from 86 Blackhall Street and proceed to Interstate 95 where Stonington police officers had detained the defendant. Kanaitis informed the defendant that he was under arrest on a charge of assault in the first degree and transferred him to a New London police vehicle. Kanaitis then read the defendant his Miranda rights. The defendant, who was handcuffed, indicated that he understood these rights by nodding up and down, as well as by stating that he understood his rights. Kanaitis *1266 further indicated to the defendant that the police officers would "work with [him]."
After the defendant had been advised of his Miranda rights, Kanaitis inquired as to the location of the revolver. The officers expressed concern for public safety with respect to the firearm. The defendant told Kanaitis and Strecker that the weapon was located four buildings down from 86 Blackhall Street, near Connecticut Avenue. This information was relayed to officers at the crime scene, who retrieved the revolver.
At some point, the defendant tapped his head against the window of the police vehicle. Kanaitis walked over to the vehicle and opened the door. At the hearing, Kanaitis testified that the defendant inquired, "how much am I gonna get for this?" and Kanaitis responded that that was "up to the courts." Kanaitis and Strecker then transported the defendant to the New London police station. Kanaitis stated that at the station, while the defendant was being processed, he again read the defendant his Miranda rights. The defendant refused to sign a "notice of rights" form.
As the officers prepared to take a statement from the defendant, Kanaitis left to obtain an audiotape recorder. Upon Kanaitis' return, the defendant again was given Miranda warnings, and he invoked the right to speak with an attorney. At this point, the interview of the defendant concluded.
At the conclusion of the hearing, the court orally denied the defendant's motion to suppress. The court found that the defendant demonstrated a sufficient understanding of the English language. The court further found that the defendant's will had not been overcome and that he voluntarily waived his Miranda rights when he spoke with the officers.
On appeal, the defendant claims that he was subjected to a custodial interrogation beginning with Kanaitis' statement that the police officers would "work with [him]."[2] According to the defendant, this statement was the equivalent of "`we will help you if you cooperate with us.'" He further maintains that he did not waive his Miranda rights, and, therefore, his statements on Interstate 95 should have been suppressed.
In response, the state argues first that the statement of the defendant, "how much am I gonna get for this?" was spontaneous and not the result of police interrogation. It further claims, in the alternative, that if the dialogue on Interstate 95 constituted an interrogation, the court properly found that the defendant had been advised of and had waived his Miranda rights. Finally, the state contends that any impropriety was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt. For the purposes of our analysis, we assume, without deciding, that the defendant's exchange with the officers on Interstate 95 constituted a custodial interrogation. We conclude, however, that the court properly determined that the defendant validly waived his Miranda rights.
As an initial matter, we set forth the applicable standard of review. "On appeal, we apply a familiar standard of review to a trial court's findings and conclusions in connection with a motion to suppress. A finding of fact will not be disturbed unless it is clearly erroneous in view of the evidence and pleadings in the whole record.... The conclusions drawn by the trial court will be upheld unless they are legally and logically inconsistent with the evidence.... [W]e engage in a *1267 careful examination of the record to ensure that the court's decision was supported by substantial evidence.... We give great deference to the findings of the trial court because it weighs the evidence before it and assesses the credibility of witnesses." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Linarte, 107 Conn.App. 93, 98, 944 A.2d 369 (2008); see also State v. Trine, 236 Conn. 216, 225, 673 A.2d 1098 (1996).
We now turn to the legal principles germane to the defendant's claim. "[T]o show that the defendant waived his privilege against self-incrimination, the state must prove by a preponderance of the evidence that he knowingly and intelligently waived his constitutional right to remain silent.... The question is not one of form, but rather whether the defendant... knowingly and voluntarily waived the rights delineated in the Miranda case.... [T]he question of waiver must be determined on the particular facts and circumstances surrounding that case, including the background, experience, and conduct of the accused.... The issue of waiver is factual, but our usual deference to the finding of the trial court on questions of this nature is qualified by the necessity for a scrupulous examination of the record to ascertain whether such a finding is supported by substantial evidence." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Linarte, supra, 107 Conn.App. at 99, 944 A.2d 369; see also State v. Jones, 281 Conn. 613, 654, 916 A.2d 17, cert. denied, U.S., ___ U.S. ___, 128 S.Ct. 164, 169 L.Ed.2d 112 (2007).
We have stated: "[A]n express written or oral statement of waiver of the right to remain silent or of the right to counsel is usually strong proof of the validity of that waiver, but is not inevitably either necessary or sufficient to establish waiver." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Stephenson, 99 Conn.App. 591, 600, 915 A.2d 327, cert. denied, 282 Conn. 903, 919 A.2d 1037 (2007). "Whether the defendant has knowingly and intelligently waived his rights under Miranda depends in part on the competency of the defendant, or, in other words, on his ability to understand and act upon his constitutional rights." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Reynolds, 264 Conn. 1, 51, 836 A.2d 224 (2003), cert. denied, 541 U.S. 908, 124 S.Ct. 1614, 158 L.Ed.2d 254 (2004). "Some of the factors that are used to determine whether a defendant impliedly waived his rights are (1) whether the defendant understood his rights, (2) the defendant's willingness to speak, (3) whether the defendant expressed any desire to remain silent, (4) whether the defendant's answers were in a narrative form rather than monosyllabic responses, (5) whether there are any facts that cast doubt on the voluntariness of the waiver and (6) whether the defendant subsequently exercises his Miranda rights." State v. Stephenson, supra, at 600, 915 A.2d 327. We conclude that there was evidence in the record to support the court's finding of waiver by the defendant.
The court found that the defendant, although a native of Turkey, demonstrated "a complete understanding of the [spoken English] language."[3] There was evidence that the defendant followed the instructions given to him during the felony stop. Both Strecker and Kanaitis testified that the defendant acknowledged that he understood his rights.[4] Specifically, the defendant nodded affirmatively and verbally *1268 indicated that he understood his rights. The defendant informed the officers where he had thrown the revolver.
There also was evidence before the court at the suppression hearing that the defendant had a recent encounter with the police. James Suarez, a New London police officer, testified that on August 21, 2003, approximately one month before the assaults of Kaya and Romero, he had arrested the defendant and read him the Miranda rights during the booking process. At that time, the defendant refused to sign the notice of rights form. The defendant, therefore, had a prior encounter with the police and was familiar with the Miranda warnings.
Finally, although the defendant spoke with the officer while in custody on Interstate 95, he invoked his right to counsel at the police station. Specifically, when Kanaitis returned to begin recording the defendant's statement, he requested an attorney. Our Supreme Court has observed that "[t]he fact that a suspect chooses to speak after being informed of his rights is, of course, highly probative.... [W]e have held that the assertion of the right to remain silent after an initial willingness to speak with police is a strong indication that the defendant understood his rights." (Citations omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Rasmussen, 225 Conn. 55, 78, 621 A.2d 728 (1993).
We therefore conclude that the state has met its burden of proving, in light of the totality of the circumstances, that the defendant's waiver of his Miranda rights was knowing, intelligent and voluntary and that the court properly denied the defendant's motion to suppress.
II
The defendant next claims that the court improperly admitted into evidence a document he wrote during his pretrial detention. Specifically, he claims that admission of this document violated his federal and state constitutional rights against unreasonable search and seizures.[5] We conclude that the record is inadequate to review this claim.
The following additional facts are necessary for our discussion. During cross-examination of the defendant, the state sought to introduce a document he had written. Outside the presence of the jury, the defendant testified that in September, 2004, he was held as a pretrial detainee at a correctional facility. During this time, the defendant wrote a document. The state called this document a "letter to his children," and the defendant described it as a "diary note."[6]
Defense counsel conducted voir dire and asked the defendant how the state obtained the document. The defendant replied that he did not know, but he thought that it had been taken from his cell. He acknowledged that the document was in his writing and testified that he had never attempted to send it to anyone. At this *1269 point, defense counsel raised a relevance objection. Specifically, he argued that the prejudicial effect outweighed any probative value of the document.
The court then, sua sponte, raised the issue of whether the defendant had a privacy interest in the document. The prosecutor responded that our Supreme Court, in State v. Pink, 274 Conn. 241, 875 A.2d 447 (2005), had concluded that prisoners have a limited expectation of privacy. The prosecutor then addressed the objection raised by the defendant. The court overruled the defendant's relevance objection.
The jury returned, and the prosecutor subsequently introduced the document into evidence. At that time, defense counsel noted: "My objection is on the record, Your Honor, for the reasons stated on the record. This was his diary or his writing."[7] The state then questioned the defendant about the contents of the document. During this examination, defense counsel did not raise any objections to the questions posed by the prosecutor.
On appeal, the defendant does not challenge the court's ruling on his evidentiary objection that the probative value of the document outweighed its prejudicial impact. Instead, he argues that the present case is factually distinguishable from State v. Pink, supra, 274 Conn. at 241, 875 A.2d 447, and that he had a reasonable expectation of privacy in the document.[8] He further contends that the state failed to offer a legitimate security concern that required the correctional staff to seize the document. In response, the state first notes that the defendant failed to set forth a standard of review in his brief or to request review pursuant to State v. Golding, 213 Conn. 233, 239-40, 567 A.2d 823 (1989). It further claims that the defendant failed to pursue a fourth amendment objection. As a result, the state contends that the record is inadequate to review such a claim. We agree.
As the appellant, the defendant bore the burden of providing this court with a record adequate for review of his claim. State v. Hannah, 104 Conn.App. 710, 714, 935 A.2d 645 (2007), cert. denied, 285 Conn. 916, 943 A.2d 475 (2008); see also Practice Book § 61-10. He has failed to do so. There are no findings regarding seizure of the letter from the correctional facility. As pointed out in the state's brief, "[t]he record is entirely silent as to the circumstances of the state's access to the document." Thus, we are unable, as a result of the inadequate record, to consider whether the defendant had a reasonable expectation of privacy in the document.[9]*1270 See, e.g., State v. Thompson, 46 Conn.App. 791, 795-96, 700 A.2d 1198 (1997).
"This court's role is not to guess at possibilities, but to review claims based on a complete factual record developed by the trial court.... [Otherwise], we are left to guess or speculate as to the existence of a factual predicate." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Bermudez, 95 Conn.App. 577, 585, 897 A.2d 661 (2006). In the absence of pertinent factual findings, a record is rendered inadequate. State v. Sargent, 87 Conn.App. 24, 30, 864 A.2d 20, cert. denied, 273 Conn. 912, 870 A.2d 1082 (2005); see also State v. Jenkins, 104 Conn.App. 417, 440, 934 A.2d 281 (2007), (Schaller, J., dissenting), cert. granted on other grounds, 285 Conn. 909, 940 A.2d 809 (2008). We conclude that in the absence of the pertinent facts relating to the defendant's claim, we are unable to afford it review and to consider its merits.
III
The defendant next claims that the court improperly denied his claim that the state, during jury selection, exercised a peremptory challenge in a racially discriminatory manner. Specifically, he argues that the prosecutor improperly struck M,[10] an African-American male, depriving him of a fair trial in violation of Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79, 106 S.Ct. 1712, 90 L.Ed.2d 69 (1986). We are not persuaded.
Before addressing the specifics of the defendant's claim, we set forth the legal principles that guide our analysis. "In Batson [v. Kentucky, supra, 476 U.S. at 79, 106 S.Ct. 1712], the United States Supreme Court recognized that a claim of purposeful racial discrimination on the part of the prosecution in selecting a jury raises constitutional questions of the utmost seriousness, not only for the integrity of a particular trial but also for the perceived fairness of the judicial system as a whole.... The court concluded that [a]lthough a prosecutor ordinarily is entitled to exercise permitted peremptory challenges for any reason at all, as long as that reason is related to his [or her] view concerning the outcome of the case to be tried... the Equal Protection Clause forbids the prosecutor to challenge potential jurors solely on account of their race....
"Under Connecticut law, [o]nce a [party] asserts a Batson claim, the [opposing party] must advance a neutral explanation for the venireperson's removal.... The [party asserting the Batson claim] is then afforded the opportunity to demonstrate that the [opposing party's] articulated reasons are insufficient or pretextual.... [T]he trial court then [has] the duty to determine if the [party asserting the Batson claim] has established purposeful discrimination.... The [party asserting the Batson claim] carries the ultimate burden of persuading the trial court, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the jury selection process in his or her particular case was tainted by purposeful discrimination....
"In assessing the reasons proffered in support of the use of a peremptory challenge ... [a]n explanation ... need not ... be pigeon-holed as wholly acceptable or wholly unacceptable ... and even where the acceptability of a particular explanation is doubtful, the inquiry is not at *1271 an end. In deciding the ultimate issue of discriminatory intent, the judicial officer is entitled to assess each explanation in light of all the other evidence relevant to prosecutorial intent. The officer may think a dubious explanation undermines the bona fides of other explanations or may think that the sound explanations dispel the doubt raised by a questionable one. As with most inquiries into state of mind, the ultimate determination depends on an aggregate assessment of all the circumstances....
"Finally, the trial court's decision on the question of discriminatory intent represents a finding of fact that will necessarily turn on the court's evaluation of the demeanor and credibility of the attorney of the party exercising the peremptory challenge.... Accordingly, a trial court's determination that there has or has not been intentional discrimination is afforded great deference and will not be disturbed unless it is clearly erroneous.... A finding of fact is clearly erroneous when there is no evidence in the record to support it ... or when although there is evidence to support it, the reviewing court on the entire evidence is left with the definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been committed." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Hamlett, 105 Conn.App. 862, 876-78, 939 A.2d 1256, cert. denied, 287 Conn. 901, 947 A.2d 343 (2008); see also State v. Holloway, 209 Conn. 636, 553 A.2d 166, cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1071, 109 S.Ct. 2078, 104 L.Ed.2d 643 (1989).
M indicated to the court that he knew some of the attorneys and some of the police officers associated with this case. During voir dire, the prosecutor inquired whether M or any member of his family had been involved with the criminal justice system. M responded in the affirmative, stating that his home had been broken into and that members of his family had been assaulted. M then stated that he had not been satisfied with the work that the police had done. "Basically ... I thought they were slow ... kind of slow to react. I think they came with an attitude that, you know, this happens, you're probably not in fact, that's what they told me. You're probably not gonna get nothing back." M further revealed that while he had a more positive experience with the Norwich police department, the actions of the New London police had left him with an "unfortunate impression" of their conduct.
M later stated that he had family members who were victims of crimes and that some family members had been convicted or accused of criminal activity. In his experience, some individuals had received treatment that was too lenient while others had been treated too harshly. At the conclusion of defense counsel's inquiry, the prosecutor exercised a peremptory challenge. Defense counsel raised a Batson challenge on the ground that M had been the sole African-American in the venire panel.[11]
In response to the Batson challenge, the prosecutor indicated the reasons for the use of the peremptory challenge. He stated that M had indicated that he had previously had a negative experience with the New London police. Additionally, M had various family members who had been defendants in criminal proceedings. On the basis of these race neutral reasons,[12]*1272 the prosecutor exercised the peremptory challenge.
"Prosecutors commonly seek to exclude from juries all individuals, whatever their race, who have had negative encounters with the police because they fear that such people will be biased against the government. We decline to ascribe a racial animus to the state's excusal of a venireperson with an arrest record simply because that venireperson was black. We agree with courts in other jurisdictions that this concern constitutes a neutral ground for the state's exercise of a peremptory challenge to excuse a black venireperson." State v. Smith, 222 Conn. 1, 14, 608 A.2d 63, cert. denied, 506 U.S. 942, 113 S.Ct. 383, 121 L.Ed.2d 293 (1992); State v. Jackson, 95 Conn.App. 400, 407, 896 A.2d 137, cert. denied, 279 Conn. 904, 901 A.2d 1226 (2006); State v. Jackson, 73 Conn.App. 338, 348, 808 A.2d 388, cert. denied, 262 Conn. 929, 814 A.2d 381 (2002). Furthermore, our Supreme Court has stated that "[c]ourts consistently have upheld the use of peremptory challenges to excuse a venireperson with a close relative who has been prosecuted because of the real possibility that the venireperson may harbor resentment against the prosecuting authorities generally." State v. Hodge, 248 Conn. 207, 231, 726 A.2d 531, cert. denied, 528 U.S. 969, 120 S.Ct. 409, 145 L.Ed.2d 319 (1999); State v. Morales, 71 Conn.App. 790, 804-805, 804 A.2d 902, cert. denied, 262 Conn. 902, 810 A.2d 270 (2002).
In the present case, M had a negative experience with the New London police department. Officers from this department would be called as witnesses by the state. Furthermore, M has relatives who have been subjected to criminal prosecution. We conclude that the court properly determined that the prosecutor had provided race neutral reasons for exercising a peremptory challenge with respect to M.
The defendant further argues that M's responses during voir dire, when considered in their entirety, did not support the prosecutor's reasons for exercising a peremptory challenge. Specifically, he refers to M's statement that he would not allow his personal knowledge of police officers to interfere with his credibility determination and that he was able decide the issue of the defendant's guilt or innocence on the basis of the evidence presented in the court. The defendant also focuses on M's response that despite his experience with the New London police department, M would not be prejudiced against the New London police officers or their testimony. Finally, the defendant notes that M stated that he thought that "as a person, as an individual, I'm fair and impartial...."
After the prosecutor provided race neutral reasons for exercising a preemptory challenge, it was the defendant's burden to persuade the court that those reasons were insufficient or pretextual. See State v. Jackson, supra, 73 Conn.App. at 348, 808 A.2d 388. We conclude that the defendant failed to meet that burden. "The state ... is not required to rely on a venireperson's assurance that he will be impartial. [A] prosecutor is not bound to accept the venireperson's reassurances, but, rather is entitled to rely on his or her own experience, judgment and intuition in such matters." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Id., at 348-49, 808 A.2d 388; State v. Morales, supra, 71 Conn.App. at 807, 804 A.2d 902. We conclude that the court properly determined that the *1273 state had not exercised its peremptory challenge in a racially discriminatory manner.
IV
The defendant's final claim is that the court improperly failed to instruct the jury with respect to a photograph that had been admitted into evidence. Specifically, he claims that the court should have instructed the jury, sua sponte, that it should not speculate about an unidentified firearm contained in a photograph introduced by defense counsel. The defendant further contends that by failing to instruct the jury in such a manner, his credibility was impeached. We decline to review this unpreserved evidentiary claim.
The following additional facts are necessary for our discussion. On May 24, 2006, during its deliberations, the jury sent a note to the court, listing several requests. One of those requests pertained to defense exhibit X, and the jury requested that the court "explain [an] item that appears to look like a gun...." Defense exhibit X was a photograph of the crime scene in which a firearm appeared to be present in the bottom of the photograph, approximately halfway between the center and the left corner.
In response to the jury's inquiry, the court placed the following statement on the record. "Number three, `defense exhibit X, explain [an] item that appears to look like a gun.' We had informal discussions about that, and the state says it's a toy gun but it doesn't matter, and I can't even say to the jury [that] they're not to speculate; it's an exhibit that is evidence in the trial, so I'm just going to say [that] we are not going to comment about it, and they're going to love that." Both the prosecutor and defense counsel expressly stated that there was no objection. The next day, the court informed the jury that exhibit X was substantive evidence and that the court could not comment beyond that. Neither party raised an objection.
On appeal, the defendant claims that exhibit X impeached his credibility. The defendant had testified that after the shooting incident, he exited the home. While outside, he realized that he was carrying the revolver and threw it away. He contends, therefore, that the presence of a firearm in the photograph contradicted his testimony and therefore impeached his credibility before the jury.
The defendant concedes that his claim is unpreserved and requests review pursuant to State v. Golding, supra, 213 Conn. at 239-40, 567 A.2d 823. "Under Golding, a defendant may prevail on unpreserved claims only if all of the following conditions are met: (1) the record is adequate to review the alleged claim of error; (2) the claim is of constitutional magnitude alleging the violation of a fundamental right; (3) the alleged constitutional violation clearly exists and clearly deprived the defendant of a fair trial; and (4) if subject to harmless error analysis, the state has failed to demonstrate harmlessness of the alleged constitutional violation beyond a reasonable doubt.... The first two [prongs of Golding] involve a determination of whether the claim is reviewable; the second two ... involve a determination of whether the defendant may prevail.... In the absence of any one of the four Golding conditions, the defendant's claim will fail.... The appellate tribunal is free, therefore, to respond to the defendant's claim by focusing on whichever condition is most relevant in the particular circumstances." (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Hazel, 106 Conn.App. 213, 218-19, 941 A.2d 378, cert. denied, 287 Conn. 903, 947 A.2d 343 (2008).
*1274 At the outset, we note that the defendant has not provided us with any analysis or case citation setting forth how his claim is of constitutional magnitude. Instead, he argues that the jury was not instructed adequately and that the jury was forced to speculate as to the presence of a firearm in exhibit X. As a result, the defendant claims that his credibility was impeached improperly.
We have stated that our Supreme Court "previously has recognized that an instructional error relating to general principles of witness credibility is not constitutional in nature. State v. Patterson, 276 Conn. 452, 471, 886 A.2d 777 (2005); State v. Dash, 242 Conn. 143, 152, 698 A.2d 297 (1997)." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Bazemore, 107 Conn.App. 441, 450, 945 A.2d 987, cert. denied, 287 Conn. 923, 951 A.2d 573 (2008). "Indeed, it would trivialize the constitution to transmute a nonconstitutional claim into a constitutional claim simply because of the label placed on it by a party or because of a strained connection between it and a fundamental constitutional right." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. LaBrec, 270 Conn. 548, 557, 854 A.2d 1 (2004). As the defendant has failed to demonstrate that his claim is of constitutional magnitude, it therefore fails to satisfy the second prong of Golding, and we decline to afford it review.
The judgment is affirmed.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.
NOTES
[1] See Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966).
[2] The parties agree that the defendant was in custody at this time.
[3] The defendant indicated that he could not read or write English.
[4] The court rejected any claim of intoxication by the defendant. The defendant had testified that he had consumed alcohol during his drive from New Jersey to New London.
[5] Although the defendant mentioned article first, § 8, of the Connecticut constitution, he has failed to brief its applicability under the circumstances of this case. We therefore do not consider his state constitutional claim. See State v. Strich, 99 Conn.App. 611, 626 n. 17, 915 A.2d 891, cert. denied, 282 Conn. 907, 920 A.2d 310, cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 128 S.Ct. 225, 169 L.Ed.2d 171 (2007); see also State v. T.R.D., 286 Conn. 191, 199 n. 10, 942 A.2d 1000 (2008).
[6] The opening paragraph of the document states in relevant part: "9-22-04. Exactly one year behind bars. Worses year in my life. I don't even now how many more. First year without my family. I miss you guys so much. I dream you guys. I am thinking of you guys." (Emphasis added.)
[7] The defendant does not argue that his statement that "[t]his was his diary" was sufficient to inform the court and the state that he was presenting a fourth amendment objection during trial.
[8] "In order to challenge a search or seizure on fourth amendment grounds, a defendant must show that he has a reasonable expectation of privacy in the place searched.... An individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy if he subjectively believes that the area will remain private, and his subjective belief is one that society is willing to recognize as reasonable." (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Thomas, 98 Conn.App. 542, 550, 909 A.2d 969 (2006), cert. denied, 281 Conn. 910, 916 A.2d 53 (2007); see also State v. Gonzalez, 278 Conn. 341, 348-49, 898 A.2d 149 (2006).
[9] We note that "[t]he burden of proving the existence of a reasonable expectation of privacy rests on the defendant.... In order for the defendant to demonstrate that he had a reasonable expectation of privacy in the [subject of the search]: (1) he must have manifested a subjective expectation of privacy with respect to the [subject of the search]; and (2) that expectation must be one that society would consider reasonable.... Absent such an expectation, the subsequent police action has no constitutional ramifications." (Citation omitted; internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Kimble, 106 Conn.App. 572, 583, 942 A.2d 527, cert. denied, 286 Conn. 912, 950 A.2d 1289 (2008).
[10] We use the initial of the venireperson to protect his legitimate privacy interests. See State v. Peeler, 267 Conn. 611, 620 n. 9, 841 A.2d 181 (2004).
[11] The court subsequently stated: "And I assume we agree that [M] is African-American. For the record, agree?" The prosecutor responded: "Agreed, Your Honor."
[12] "A neutral explanation in the context of our analysis here means an explanation based on something other than the race of the juror. At this step of the inquiry, the issue is the facial validity of the prosecutor's explanation. Unless a discriminatory intent is inherent in the prosecutor's explanation, the reason offered will be deemed race neutral." (Internal quotation marks omitted.) State v. Hinton, 227 Conn. 301, 324, 630 A.2d 593 (1993).
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mit
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1)*(i - 4*i + 2*i)).
70*i**3 + 10*i**2
Expand (12 - 12 + 29*g)*(11*g**2 - 1 + 1) - g**3 + 6*g**3 - 4*g**3 + (0*g**2 - 2*g**2 + 3*g**2)*(3*g - 4*g + 3*g) - g + g**3 + g.
323*g**3
Expand (3*r**4 - 3*r**4 - 3*r**4)*(-2*r + 4*r - 3*r)*(-572 - 405 - 109).
-3258*r**5
Expand 3*f - f - f + (-2*f + 4*f + 0*f)*(-3 + 3 + 1) - 4*f + 5*f - 3*f - 9*f + 0*f - 2*f + 54 - 9*f - 54.
-19*f
Expand (104 - 47 - 24 + (2 - 4 + 4)*(7 + 10 + 5) + 1 + 3 - 2 - 2 - 2 + 2)*(2 - 6*p + 4*p - 4).
-154*p - 154
Expand 2*m**4 + 2*m - m**4 + 83*m**5 - 85*m**5 - 9 + (9 + 14 - 7)*(2*m**5 + 3*m**5 - 8*m**5).
-50*m**5 + m**4 + 2*m - 9
Expand (6 + 2*r - 6)*((4*r - 6*r + r)*(1 + 0 + 1) + 549*r - 384*r + 564*r + 136*r).
1726*r**2
Expand (5*u - 4*u + u)*(-6534 + 3469 + 1505).
-3120*u
Expand (-3 + 2*x + 3 + x + 2*x - 2*x + (2 - 2 - 2)*(-1 - x + 1) + 0*x - 3*x + 5*x - x + x + x)*(-2*x + 0*x + x)*(-2824 - 1785 + 2559).
16400*x**2
Expand (-3*l**2 + l**2 + l**2)*(-4*l + 0*l + 3*l)*(-83*l - 219*l + 61*l)*(-2 + 6*l + 2).
-1446*l**5
Expand (10114 - 1162 - 3964)*(-3*k - 3 + 3).
-14964*k
Expand (-4*c**4 + 2*c**4 + 3*c**4 + (-2*c**3 + 0*c + 0*c)*(-2*c - 1 + 2*c + 2*c))*(-341*c + 283*c - 181*c).
717*c**5 - 478*c**4
Expand (1 + 2 + 1)*(-31*b - 275 + 551 - 275).
-124*b + 4
Expand -24 + 24 + 9*q**3 + (-3 + 3 + 1)*(q - 2*q + 2*q)*(2 - q**2 - 2)*(0 - 1 + 0).
10*q**3
Expand ((a + a - 3*a)*(4 + 3 - 2) + 0*a + 0*a + 2*a + (-5*a + 2*a + a)*(0 + 1 + 1))*(-220*a - 293*a + 75*a).
3066*a**2
Expand -4*p**3 - 2*p**3 + 2*p**3 + (-27*p**2 + 27*p**2 + 78*p**2)*(-1 - p + 1).
-82*p**3
Expand (2*l - l + 0*l)*(-3 - 3 + 5 + (-3 - 2 + 4)*(-3 + 4 + 0) + 65 + 55 - 18)*(-1 + 1 + 2)*(0 + l + 0).
200*l**2
Expand (202 + 281 - 68 + 267 - 17)*(-3 - 13*g + 28*g - 16*g).
-665*g - 1995
Expand (0*r**2 + 5*r**2 - 2*r**2)*(-1 + 1 - 4)*(13882*r + 105*r**2 - 13882*r).
-1260*r**4
Expand (-3*h - 4*h + 3*h + 1)*(-2*h**2 + 0*h**2 + 4*h**2 + (-45 + 24*h**2 + 45)*(-1 + 0 + 2)).
-104*h**3 + 26*h**2
Expand 0*j**4 + 2*j**4 - 5*j**5 + 4*j**5 + j**5 - 3*j**5 - j**5 + (-24*j - 9*j + 43*j)*(-2*j + 2*j + 2*j**4) + 66*j**5 - 50*j**5 - 42*j**5.
-10*j**5 + 2*j**4
Expand -2*k + 3 - 3 + (38 - 40 + 60 + 120)*(k + 0*k - 6*k).
-892*k
Expand 2*w**5 + 2*w**5 - 5*w**5 + 8 + 40*w**5 - 8 + 2*w**5 + 0*w**5 + 0*w**5 + (3*w + w - 3*w)*(-5*w**4 - 2*w**4 + w**4).
35*w**5
Expand (0*f + 0*f - 2*f**2)*(2*f + 2*f + f)*((3 + 0 - 1)*(-5 + 5 - 3)*(2 - 2 + 4) + (0 + 2 + 0)*(5 + 1 - 3)).
180*f**3
Expand (-3*t**3 + 9*t**3 + t**3)*(-4 + 1 + 1)*(2277*t - 28361 + 28361)*(4*t + 3*t - 6*t).
-31878*t**5
Expand 209*p - 209*p - 6*p**2 - p + p - p**2 + (5*p - 6*p - 13*p)*(3*p + 0*p - 5*p).
21*p**2
Expand 57 - 59 - 9*v**4 - 2*v + 29*v**4 - v**3 + (-5*v**3 + 4*v**3 + 3*v**3)*(-v + 3*v - v) - 8*v**4 - 10*v**4 + 3*v**4.
7*v**4 - v**3 - 2*v - 2
Expand -1 + 2*t**4 + 1 + (-t**4 - 4*t**4 + 4*t**4)*(2 - 4 + 3) + 2 - 2 - t**4 - 106*t**4 - 41390 + 41390.
-106*t**4
Expand 146 - 74 - 15*x - 66 + 2*x + 2 - 2 + (-2 - 2 + 5)*(-1 + x + 1) - 2 + 2*x + 2 + (4 - 3 + 1)*(x + 0*x - 3*x) - x + 3 - 3 - 1 + 1 - 2*x.
-17*x + 6
Expand (-41*w**3 - 21*w**2 + 30*w**2 + 2*w - 10*w**2)*(3 - 3 - w)*(9 - 12 + 6)*(-w + 0*w - w).
-246*w**5 - 6*w**4 + 12*w**3
Expand 3*r**5 + 7*r + 1 - 7*r + 4*r**5 - r**5 - r**5 + (2*r + 15*r - 2*r)*(9*r**4 + 34*r - 34*r) + 0*r**5 + r**5 + r**5.
142*r**5 + 1
Expand -5 - 2*f + 5 + (-2 + 0 + 4)*(-4*f + 4*f - 2*f) - f + 0*f + 2*f - 3 - 2*f + 3 - 1 + 13*f + 10*f - 11*f.
5*f - 1
Expand (2*y**2 - 3 + 3)*(-1527*y**2 - 2196*y + 3058*y**2 - 1533*y**2).
-4*y**4 - 4392*y**3
Expand (-16 + 1 + 1)*(0 + 2*u + 0 + (-2 + 2 - 1)*(0*u + 0*u - u) + u - u + u + 5*u - 7*u - 9*u)*(2*u - 2*u + u)*(-4*u - 5 + 5)*(u**2 - u**2 - 3*u**2).
1176*u**5
Expand (0*k - 2*k - 1446 + 2068)*(-2 - 7 - 3)*(0 - 3 + 2).
-24*k + 7464
Expand ((19 + 7*p - 19)*(18*p**3 - p**3 + 2*p**3) + (-3*p**3 - 4*p**3 + 4*p**3)*(-3*p - 2 + 2))*(-1 + 2*p + 1).
284*p**5
Expand (6 - 6 + 4*x)*(6 + 2 + 2) + (-3 + 0 + 2)*(-3*x - x + 2*x) + 2*x + x + x + 3 + x - 3 + (-2 - 1 + 1)*(-x + 2 - 2).
49*x
Expand ((5 + 2 - 5)*(-2*g - 2*g + 2*g) - g + 2*g + 0*g + 0*g + 0*g - 2*g - 13*g + 6*g - 28*g)*(231 - 135 + 222)*(3 - 6 + 4).
-12720*g
Expand (-5 + 3 + 3)*(2*b - b + b)*(-998*b**2 - 133*b**2 - 185*b**2).
-2632*b**3
Expand 2*p**4 + 3*p**4 - 3*p**4 + (-1 + 3 - 1)*(0*p**2 + 2*p**4 + 0*p**2) + 6744*p**2 - 6744*p**2 + 25*p**4 + (2*p**2 + 6*p - 6*p)*(p**2 - 3*p**2 + 0*p**2).
25*p**4
Expand (-4*i + i + i)*(85*i + 686*i**3 + 76*i - 161*i).
-1372*i**4
Expand -7 + 297*s - 605*s + 270*s + (5*s - 2*s - 2*s)*(15 + 3 + 1).
-19*s - 7
Expand 50 - 50 + 6*r**3 + (-3 + 4 + 1)*(1 - 3*r**3 - 1) - 11*r**3 - 101*r**2 + 101*r**2.
-11*r**3
Expand (1 - 3 + 3)*(-384*d**2 + 928*d**2 - 298*d**2)*(0 + 1 + 2).
738*d**2
Expand (4*l - 2*l - 51*l)*(-1 + 4 - 2) - 17*l + 11 - 6 - 5.
-66*l
Expand (-180 + 2*x - 50 + 23)*(-x - 3*x + 2*x).
-4*x**2 + 414*x
Expand (22*f + 5*f - 11*f)*(-1 - 4 + 7) + 0*f - 2 + 1 + 2*f.
34*f - 1
Expand 2*k**2 + k**2 - 5*k**2 + (-4*k - k + 3*k)*(2*k + 0 + 0) - 9*k**2 - 12*k + 12*k + ((-2 - 2 + 3)*(-14*k + 36*k - 17*k) + 4*k - k - k)*(1 - 3*k - 2 + 2*k).
-12*k**2 + 3*k
Expand (5 - d - 5)*(d**4 + 0*d**3 + 0*d**3) - 7*d**5 + 1 + 2*d**5 + 3*d**5 - 60*d**5 + 200*d**5 + 625*d**5 + 3*d**5 - 2*d**3 + 2*d**3.
765*d**5 + 1
Expand 4*y**3 - 5*y**3 - y**3 + 2 + y**3 - 2 + (-y**2 + 0*y**2 + 3*y**2)*(-3*y - y + 5*y) + 0*y**3 + 3*y**3 + 0*y**3 + 3*y**3 + 1 - 1 + 17*y**3 - 7*y + 7*y.
24*y**3
Expand -21944*g**2 - 5397*g**2 + 2*g - 2410*g**2 - 2*g - 2 + 2 - g**2 + (g - 2*g + 2*g)*(-1 - g + 1).
-29753*g**2
Expand (-3*g**2 + 2 - 2)*(844 - 54 + 144 + 389)*(4 - 4 - 2*g**3).
7938*g**5
Expand (p**4 - 3*p**4 + 3*p**4)*(52 + 7*p + 57 - 120).
7*p**5 - 11*p**4
Expand (-1 - 9 - 1)*(2*d - d - 2*d)*(32*d - 122*d - 24*d).
-1254*d**2
Expand (0 - d - 2661*d**2 + 2874*d**2 + 2)*((d**2 - d**2 - 2*d**2)*(-2 + 6 - 2) - 3*d**2 + 4*d**2 + 2*d**2).
-213*d**4 + d**3 - 2*d**2
Expand (-585*v + 293*v + 293*v + 9 + 2*v**2)*(2*v**2 - 2*v + v + v**2).
6*v**4 + v**3 + 26*v**2 - 9*v
Expand (-8604 + 154*d + 8604)*(22*d + 8*d + 13*d).
6622*d**2
Expand (44 - 25 - 18 + 746*o)*(-4*o**3 + o**3 + 2*o**3) + 0*o**4 + 0*o**4 - 2*o**4 + 2*o**2.
-748*o**4 - o**3 + 2*o**2
Expand (2*q - 11*q - 4*q)*(0*q - 4*q + 2*q) - 53*q**2 - 31*q**2 + 59*q**2.
q**2
Expand (13 - 639*y + 326*y + 323*y)*(-6 - 1 + 0).
-70*y - 91
Expand (69*q - 37*q - 18 + 6*q + 124*q)*(1 + 2 + 1).
648*q - 72
Expand 6*b**3 + 6*b**3 + 4*b**3 - b**3 + 5*b**3 - b**3 + (3*b**2 + 3*b**2 - 4*b**2)*(b + b + b) + 6 + 6*b**3 - 6.
31*b**3
Expand (-298 + 16*i**3 + 133 + 163 - 287*i**3)*(-3*i - i + 3*i + 4 + 2*i - 4 + (4 - 3 + 1)*(3 - 2*i - 3)).
813*i**4 + 6*i
Expand (-13*f**4 + 2 + 17*f**4 + 22*f**4)*(-4 - 4 - 49)*(-2 + 3 - 2).
1482*f**4 + 114
Expand (883344 + 390*b - 883344)*(-2*b + 0*b + 3*b).
390*b**2
Expand -h + h - 3*h + (148 - 20 + 21)*(-4 - h + 4) + 5*h - h - 6*h.
-154*h
Expand (-5*c**2 + 3*c**2 + c**2)*(0*c**2 - 5*c**2 + 3*c**2) + 22*c**4 - 5515*c + 2 - 3*c**4 + 5514*c + 6*c**2.
21*c**4 + 6*c**2 - c + 2
Expand (-5 + 2*n + 5)*(4*n - 3*n + n) + (3*n**2 + 4*n**2 - 2*n**2)*(0 - 3 + 14) - n**2 - n + n + (1 - 2*n - 1)*(n - 3*n + 3*n).
56*n**2
Expand (-3*l + 8*l - 3*l)*(830 + 976 - 487).
2638*l
Expand (-2*j**2 + 0*j**2 + 3*j**2)*(27843*j**2 + 8643*j**2 - 12039*j**2 + 13119*j**2 + 9888*j**2) - 3*j**4 - 5*j**4 + 6*j**4.
47452*j**4
Expand (-31*p - 13*p + 28*p)*(-4*p - 25*p + 0*p)*(-2*p + 0*p + p).
-464*p**3
Expand (-3 - 6 + 1)*(-7 - 15 - 3)*(4*m - 4*m + 3*m).
600*m
Expand (-4*v + 6*v + 5*v)*((6 - 16 + 7)*(0*v + 3*v - 5*v) + 1 + 10*v - 4 + 2).
112*v**2 - 7*v
Expand (274 + 39 + 306)*(5 + 2 - 5)*(14*b - 4*b + 20*b).
37140*b
Expand (57 + 36 + 12)*(3 + 7*k + 7 - 10).
735*k
Expand (-1 + 5 - 1)*(-1 + 1 + 2*q)*(-32 + 242 + 612 - 37).
4710*q
Expand (-3*u - 3*u + 4*u)*(9*u**3 + 125*u**3 + 58*u**3) + 15*u**2 - 382*u**4 + 15*u**2 + 378*u**4.
-388*u**4 + 30*u**2
Expand (z + 0*z + 2*z)*(3 - 3 - z**2) - 24*z**3 - 14*z**3 + 33*z**3 - 7*z**2.
-8*z**3 - 7*z**2
Expand (2*j**2 + 5*j - 5*j)*((-2*j**2 - 3*j**2 + 6*j**2)*(1 - 5 + 2) - 4*j**2 + 4*j**2 - j**2 - 7*j**2 - 2*j + 2*j - 20*j**2 + 86*j**2 + 15*j**2).
142*j**4
Expand (-2 + 2 + 1)*(56 + 134 - 16)*(-1 - 2 + 1)*(-3 + 3 + c).
-348*c
Expand (-d - d - 4*d)*(-18 - d + 6 + 14 + (-d - 3 + 3)*(-1 + 6 - 2 + 1 - 2 + 2 + (-1 - 6 + 5)*(0 - 5 + 3))).
54*d**2 - 12
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Automated auditory response detection: Improvement of the statistical test strategy.
Automated auditory response detection is always performed by applying an appropriate statistical test to a sample of stimulus-related epochs of the raw EEG. The often-used sequential test strategy saves time, but the multiple testing increases the probability of falsely detected responses. Therefore, the critical test value must guarantee the specified error probability for the maximum test step number. However, response detection at all lower test step numbers is disadvantaged. We propose calculating the critical test values for each test step number, which correspond exactly to the given error probability. The critical test values for each test step were calculated by the method described by Stürzebecher et al (2005) . A table with the test values was implemented with customized software of the Eclipse ASSR system(®) (Interacoustics, Denmark). Table-related testing was performed on a sample of raw EEG data collected during the routine clinical measurement of frequency-specific auditory steady-state responses (ASSR) for hearing threshold assessment. The new test strategy leads to a significantly increased detection rate and a significantly shorter detection time. The new test strategy can improve the performance of the objective hearing threshold assessment and of the newborn hearing screening.
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Q:
Type annotation for tuples in OCaml
I am working on the exercise from Introduction to Objective Caml by Jason Hickey, which asks whether there's a way to rewrite the following function, so that nth can take heterogeneous tuples
let nth i (x, y, z) =
match i with
1 -> x
| 2 -> y
| 3 -> z
| _ -> raise (Invalid_argument "nth")
My solution looks like this
let nth 1 (x, _, _) = x
let nth 2 (_, y, _) = y
let nth 3 (_, _, z) = z
let nth _ (_, _, _) = raise (Invalid_argument "nth")
However, this solution does not suppress compiler from giving warning of non exhaustive matching. So I am wondering whether there's a nicer way of approaching this problem. Especially is there syntax to annotate types for tuples?
I attempted to do something like let nth i (x, y, z) : 'a * 'b * 'c where 'a * 'b * 'c should be the type for the tuple, but I am aware that this annotation is for the return type. Hence, I would like to know whether I can specify the type for (x, y, z) so that it is a heterogenous tuple.
A:
What would be the function's signature?
val nth : int -> 'a * 'b * 'c -> ???
Depending on the goals, we can get away with this by writing multiple functions, or wrapping the result in a special container of a new type. The first approach gives us this:
val first : 'a * 'b * 'c -> 'a
val second : 'a * 'b * 'c -> 'b
val third : 'a * 'b * 'c -> 'c
The second approach involves wrapping the result in a variant:
type ('a, 'b, 'c) proj = First of 'a | Second of 'b | Third of 'c
val nth : int -> 'a * 'b * 'c -> ('a, 'b, 'c) proj
A variant (aka sum type, algebraic data type, tagged union) is generally how we can have different kinds of objects under the same type, safely.
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This invention relates to a gas permeable, filled pore membrane and to the separation of polar gases such as carbon dioxide and non-polar gases, such as hydrocarbons, using such membranes.
Various supported or immobilized liquid membranes are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,335,545, 3,396,510, 3,819,806, 4,117,079, 4,115,514 and 3,447,286. All of these operate chemically through ionic acid-base equilibriums in which water is an essential component of the net reaction. In the case of U.S. Pat. No. 4,117,079, a hydrophilic material which is impregnated with an aqueous carbon dioxide hydration catalyst is sandwiched between two layers of a hydrophobic material. In U.S. Pat. No. 3,447,286 a silicone envelope is provided to avoid loss of water.
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Browse:
Obama: You’ve Got A Right To Be Frustrated
President Obama was Monday’s KVML “Newsmaker of the Day”. Here are his words:
“On Thursday, I visited a new, high-tech factory in Michigan where workers are helping America lead the way in a growing clean energy industry.
They were proud of their work, and they should be. They’re not just showing us a path out of the worst recession in generations – they’re proving that this is still a country where we make things; where new ideas take root and grow; where the best universities, most creative entrepreneurs, and most dynamic businesses in the world call home. They’re proving that even in difficult times, there’s not a country on Earth that wouldn’t trade places with us.
That doesn’t mean we don’t face some very tough economic challenges. Many Americans are hurting badly right now. Many have been unemployed for too long. Putting these men and women back to work, and growing wages for everyone, has got to be our top priority.
But lately, the response from Washington has been partisanship and gridlock that’s only undermined public confidence and hindered our efforts to grow the economy.
So while there’s nothing wrong with our country, there is something wrong with our politics, and that’s what we’ve got to fix. Because we know there are things Congress can do, right now, to get more money back in your pockets, get this economy growing faster, and get our friends and neighbors back to work.
The payroll tax cut that put $1,000 back in the average family’s pocket this year? Let’s extend it. Construction workers who’ve been jobless since the housing boom went bust? Let’s put them back to work rebuilding America. Let’s cut red tape in the patent process so entrepreneurs can get good ideas to market more quickly. Let’s finish trade deals so we can sell more American-made goods around the world. Let’s connect the hundreds of thousands of brave Americans coming home from Iraq and Afghanistan to businesses that need their incredible skills and talents.
These are all things we can do right now. So let’s do them. And over the coming weeks, I’ll put forward more proposals to help our businesses hire and create jobs, and won’t stop until every American who wants a job can find one.
But we can no longer let partisan brinksmanship get in our way – the idea that making it through the next election is more important than making things right. That’s what’s holding us back – the fact that some in Congress would rather see their opponents lose than see America win.
So you’ve got a right to be frustrated. I am. Because you deserve better. And I don’t think it’s too much for you to expect that the people you send to this town start delivering.
Members of Congress are at home in their districts right now. And if you agree with me – whether you’re a Democrat or a Republican or not much of a fan of either – let them know.
If you’ve had it with gridlock, and you want them to pass stalled bills that will help our economy right now – let them know.
If you refuse to settle for a politics where scoring points is more important than solving problems; if you believe it’s time to put country before party and the interests of our children before our own – let them know.
And maybe they’ll get back to Washington ready to compromise, ready to create jobs, ready to get our fiscal house in order – ready to do what you sent them to do.
Yes, we’ve still got a long way to go to get to where we need to be. We didn’t get into this mess overnight, and it’s going to take time to get out of it. That’s a hard truth – but it’s no excuse for inaction. After all, America voted for divided government, not dysfunctional government, and we’ve got work to do. And when we come together and find common ground, there’s no stopping this country. There’s no stopping our people. There’s no holding us back. And there is every reason to believe we’ll get through this storm to a brighter day.”
The “Newsmaker of the Day” is heard each weekday morning on AM 1450 KVML at 6:47, 7:47 and 8:47am.
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Simona Paggi
Simona Paggi (born 29 December 1962) is an Italian film editor.
She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing for her work in the film Life Is Beautiful (1997) and won the David di Donatello for Best Editing for her work in The Stolen Children (1992). During her career, she became a close collaborator of directors like Gianni Amelio, Emanuele Crialese and John Turturro.
Partial filmography
Open Doors (1990)
Traces of an Amorous Life (1990)
The Stolen Children (1992)
Lamerica (1994)
Heartless (1995)
Traveling Companion (1996)
Life Is Beautiful (1997)
Once We Were Strangers (1997)
The Way We Laughed (1998)
Controvento (2000)
Empty Eyes (2001)
Momo (2001)
Pinocchio (2002)
Opopomoz (2003)
The Keys to the House (2004)
The Life That I Want (2004)
The Missing Star (2006)
The Sweet and the Bitter (2007)
Passione (2010)
Terraferma (2011)
L'intrepido (2013)
Fading Gigolo (2013)
Tenderness (2017)
The Jesus Rolls (2019)
References
External links
Category:Italian film editors
Category:1962 births
Category:Living people
Category:David di Donatello winners
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The Mimosoid tree Leucaena leucocephala can be nodulated by the symbiovar genistearum of Bradyrhizobium canariense.
Leucaena leucocephala is a Mimosoid legume tree indigenous to America that has spread to other continents, although it is not still present in some European countries such as Portugal. Nevertheless, we found that this legume can be nodulated in this country by slow-growing rhizobial strains which were identified as Bradyrhizobium canariense trough the analysis of the core genes recA and glnII. The analysis of the symbiotic gene nodC showed that these strains belong to the symbiovar genistearum, which commonly nodulates Genistoid legumes. Although two strains nodulating L. leucocephala in China and Brazil were classified within the genus Bradyrhizobium, they belong to undescribed species and to the symbiovars glycinearum and tropici, respectively. Therefore, we report here for the first time the ability of L. leucocephala to establish symbiosis with strains of B. canariense sv genistearum confirming the high promiscuity of L. leucocephala, that allows it to establish symbiosis with rhizobia native to different continents increasing its invasiveness potential.
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Palaeococcus ferrophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney.
A novel barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney at the Myojin Knoll in the Ogasawara-Bonin Arc, Japan. The cells were found to be irregular cocci and motile with multiple polar flagella. Growth was observed between 60 and 88 degrees C (opt. 83 degrees C; 30 min doubling time), pH 4.0 and 8.0 (opt. pH 6.0), 20 and 73 g sea salts l-1 (opt. 47 g l-1) and 0.1 and 60 MPa (opt. 30 MPa). The isolate was a strictly anaerobic chemoorganotroph capable of utilizing proteinaceous substrates such as yeast extract, peptone, tryptone and casein in the presence of elemental sulfur or ferrous iron. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 53.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences indicated that the isolate was a member of an ancient lineage of the Thermococcales that diverged prior to the formation of the two genera Thermococcus and Pyrococcus. On the basis of the physiological and molecular properties of the new isolate, the name Palaeococcus ferrophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain DMJT (= JCM 10417) [corrected].
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Purchasing Firearms
Purchasing from a dealer
If you would like to purchase a firearm, the safest way to do so is from a federally-licensed firearms dealer. You will be required to fill out an ATF Form 4473, Firearms Transaction Record. The form will require you to certify that you are not or have not:
Under indictment for or convicted of a felony
A fugitive from justice
An unlawful user or addicted to controlled substances
Declared to have a mental disorder or previously committed to a mental institution
An undocumented immigrant
Dishonorably discharged from the military
Convicted of a misdemeanor involving domestic violence at any time in the past
Renounced your U.S. citizenship
The dealer must review your government-issued photo identification to confirm your name, address, date of birth and photo. The dealer will then provide that information to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms, so they may complete the instant background check.
Purchasing from an individual
You may purchase a firearm from a private party, as long as both of you are over the age of 18 and residents of the same state.
The private sale should be documented on a Bill of Sale that clearly identifies both parties and the serial number of the weapon.
The safest way to ensure the weapon is not being sold to a person restricted from owning a weapon is to conduct the transaction through someone who has a Federal Firearms License, so the proper background check can be completed. There may be a small fee to have the dealer conduct the transaction.
As with any other transaction involving the exchange of money, please conduct the transaction in a safe place that is not isolated or dark.
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Q:
Detect touch globally
I trying to figure out how to solve this (fairly) simple problem but I failing miserably, so I really need your advice.
My application consists of a uitabbar with several tabs. In one of them I have a bunch of UIImageViews each of which represents the thumbnail of a picture. Similarly as you remove apps from the iPhone by pressing for a second on the app icon, I implemented a UILongPressGestureRecognizer recognizer which starts wobbling the thumb. If the user taps on the 'X' that appears on the corner of the thumb the picture gets removed.
The logic that starts and stops the wobbling animation is inside a subclass of UIImageView that is used to show the thumb.
What I'm trying to do is cancel the wobble effect if the user presses anywhere else outside the thumb. Ideally, if possible, I would prefer to place the code that detects this cancel touch inside the UIImageView subclass.
A:
To catch all touch events globally I ended up subclassing UIWindow as follows:
// CustomUIWindow.h
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#define kTouchPhaseBeganCustomNotification @"TouchPhaseBeganCustomNotification"
@interface CustomUIWindow : UIWindow
@property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL enableTouchNotifications;
@end
// CustomUIWindow.m
#import "CustomUIWindow.h"
@implementation CustomUIWindow
@synthesize enableTouchNotifications = enableTouchNotifications_;
- (void)sendEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
[super sendEvent:event]; // Apple says you must always call this!
if (self.enableTouchNotification) {
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:kTouchPhaseBeganCustomNotification object:event];
}
}@end
Then whenever I need to start listening to all touches globally I do the following:
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(stopThumbnailWobble:)
name:kTouchPhaseBeganCustomNotification
object:nil];
((CustomUIWindow *)self.window).enableTouchNotification = YES;
In stopThumbnailWobble I remove the observer and process the UITouch event to decide whether to remove the thumb or not:
- (void)stopThumbnailWobble:(NSNotification *)event
{
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self
name:kTouchPhaseBeganCustomNotification
object:nil];
((CustomUIWindow *)self.window).enableTouchNotification = NO;
UIEvent *touchEvent = event.object;
// process touchEvent and decide what to do
...
Hope this helps others.
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Q:
IATA to country API
I'm developing an app that needs to look up country codes (ISO-3166 alpha2) based on IATA-codes (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IATA_airport_code).
Is there an (preferably free) API for that?
A:
I'm submitting here a incomplete solution, both as way to address the IATA-to-Contry-Code question at hand, and to bring attention to what may be a underused resource for structured content: I'm talking about Freebase !
This is incomplete in the sense that not all IATA codes are included (though I'm guessing a relatively high coverage) or not all have a country code assigned to them (alas a more common occurrence).
The API I wish to suggest is the Freebase MQL Read Service.
This free service works by sending an HTTPS request with a parameter that expresses a query in MQL (Metaweb Query Language), and receiving a JSON object with the desired results.
Specifically the request looks like
https://www.googleapis.com/freebase/v1/mqlread?indent=2&query=[{"type":"/aviation/airport","id":null,"limit": 25,"name":null,"sort":"name","iata": "SFO", "/location/location/containedby": [{"limit":6,"name":null,"optional": true,"sort":"name","/location/country/iso3166_1_alpha2": [{ "limit":6, "optional": false, "sort":"value", "value":null}]}],"airport_type": [{"limit":3,"name":null,"optional": true,"sort":"name","type":"/aviation/airport_type"}]}]
^--- here place the IATA code
for readability I'm showing the corresponding MQL with indentation on multiple lines; same thing as above only better layout.
[{
"type": "/aviation/airport",
"id": null,
"limit": 25,
"name": null,
"sort": "name",
"iata": "SFO", -- <<< that's where you place the desired IATA code
"/location/location/containedby": [{
"limit": 6,
"name": null,
"optional": true,
"sort": "name",
"/location/country/iso3166_1_alpha2": [{
"limit": 6,
"optional": false,
"sort": "value",
"value": null
}]
}],
"airport_type": [{
"limit": 3,
"name": null,
"optional": true,
"sort": "name",
"type": "/aviation/airport_type"
}]
}]
And the response looks like the following:
{
"result": [
{
"name": "San Francisco International Airport",
"iata": "SFO",
"/location/location/containedby": [
{
"name": "United States of America",
"/location/country/iso3166_1_alpha2": [
{
"value": "US"
}
]
}
],
"airport_type": [
{
"type": "/aviation/airport_type",
"name": "Public"
}
],
"type": "/aviation/airport",
"id": "/en/san_francisco_international_airport"
}
]
}
This solution was "whipped-up" in approximately 30 minutes by drilling into the Freebase /aviation/airport type and using various tools I describe briefly below.
Note that this is a generic approach, applicable to various queries: rather than matching IATA airport codes to ISO country codes, we could, for example, get the list of the bridges build before 1950 with a span exceeding 500 feet, or look up the famous musicians born in a given city etc. Furthermore, AFAIK, the Freebase API and information is freely available. Beware, however, that there are some limitations (and some advantages!) to the content found at Freebase as compared with that obtained from specialized sources.
The information obtained from Freebase may not be as authoritative, complete or current as that obtained with APIs and Data Extracts from specialized sources. This limitation speaks to the quasi universal breadth of the information gathered at Freebase in a collaborative, wiki-like, fashion, by a mostly volunteer task force, compared with the focused, often single-purposed, information gathering performed by paid professionals at various trade organizations such as, say the IATA or the International Maritime Organization (IMO). On the other hand, Freebase, with its semantic representation of the data, provides ways of connecting bits of information in powerful ways. Whereby the authoritative sources provide mostly "tabular" data, Freebase queries can match apparently unrelated pieces of information. For example, whereby the IMO probably produces lists of seaports with their annual tonnage, their number of terminals and such, Freebase can also find, say, the films that were shot in these ports or the famous writers who were born there.
But enough with disclosures, let's see how one can produce these queries
First peruse the kind of desired items on Freebase, to get familiar with what the site has to offer in this area, and get an informal "feel" for the breadth and depth of the information available for this kind of items.
For example, one may peek into various airport instances found for the Airport Type on Freebase
Once the type(s) of items desired is identified, one can look into their schema(s) (many ways to get there, for example link at bottom of page)
Here's the schema for our Airport Type example.
The schema shows what fields of information are collected for a given type. Beware however that while the schema can be relatively complete and elaborate, the individual instances of the corresponding type may not all have these fields properly filled-in: verify informally with ad hoc reviews of instances or with lists of instances as explained below.
Return to the list of instances view and modify this view by adding and removing columns. This is done, respectively, with the orange "+" button on the top left of the list and with the small "x" button next to each column header.
See how the tree shown in the "Add new column" section (shown after pressing the "+") allows drilling down the schema of the type that we start with or of types connected to it.
In the case of Airports, I quickly removed the "image", "article" and "airline"-related fields, to make room, and added the IATA code, and drilled in the "Location" to find the Country and from there the ISO code. This connection to "Country" was a bit tricky, I had to look into the "Contained by" which itself is another "Location" and, using the "More" brought up the "Country" type.
Once you have a tabular listing, with the desired fields, and maybe with a few extra fields used for review purposes, you can export the corresponding MQL code by picking the "MQL" link in the "Use Data from this Collection", at the bottom of the page. This pops-up a window where you can copy the MQL snippet, although it is probably better to proceed to the Query Editor. (You may still need to copy the MQL code and paste it back into the editor, due to a bug with the application which doesn't bring that MQL when pressing the "View in Query Editor" button)
The query editor provides a convenient way of tweaking this initial/default query and testing it. You may need to get familiar with MQL language, it is generally rather intuitive.
When the query produces precisely what we need, it is time to to make it a "One-liner" (formatting convenience button at bottom of editor screen) which can then be used inside a URL to the Freebase MQL Read service (see example at the top of this answer).
A bit more testing and tweaking (e.g. fighting the JSON syntax errors occasionally introduced by typos while copying/editing the string to the URL) et... Voila !
There is actually a lot more that can be done with Freebase, for example using the Google Client Library to facilitate the integration with the MQL service.
I'd like to finish with the following suggestion: Rather than integrating this online API to your application, it is sometimes possible to download the complete list and to create a local database with it. In this fashion it may be possible to complement the data by adding rows and/or filling empty columns. This approach is particularly applicable to the IATA/Airport example -after all the list of airports and their underlying codes is relatively small and does not vary all that frequently-. This approach of course may require the local DB to be refreshed and otherwise maintained occasionally, but it removes the requirement of the online, real-time, connection to Freebase.
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Man shooting at Amazon Alexa sparks 'gun battle' with police: 'He was shooting at everybody' The incident began as a domestic battery call from the couple's daughter.
An altercation at the home of a Florida couple involving the man shooting at the woman's smart device resulted in a "gun battle" with authorities that left him and two deputies injured.
Pasco County emergency dispatchers received a call around 12:30 a.m. Saturday from the couple's adult daughter saying that her parents had gotten into a physical fight, Pasco County Sheriff Chris Nocco told reporters in a news conference.
The girl told dispatchers that her family fights often, and it's not unusual for her parents to get into physical altercations, but they typically don't call 911, Nocco said.
Authorities learned that the mother was particularly upset Saturday night because the suspect, 62-year-old Terrance J. Peterson Jr., had shot at her Amazon Alexa device, Nocco said.
"The Alexa must have been personal to her," Nocco said.
When officers arrived on the scene, the woman met them outside, and they observed that she had been battered, which she confirmed, the sheriff said.
Deputies on the scene then tried to communicate to Peterson inside in an attempt for a peaceful resolution, Nocco said.
"They kept talking to him," asking him to come outside, Nocco said. "He was not talking back to them."
Around 1:50 a.m., after more deputies arrived on the scene, they made entry into the home, Nocco said. As they approached the bedroom door, Peterson, armed with a handgun and a semi-automatic rifle, allegedly began to shoot at them.
The deputies exchanged fire, and one of them shot in the leg, Nocco said. Another deputy was injured when a bullet grazed his hand.
"He was shooting at everybody," Nocco said, adding that the crime scene includes multiple squad cars and several nearby homes with bullet holes in them. One of the deputies had a protective shield in which a round had almost gone all the way through, Nocco said.
A SWAT team then arrived on the scene and attempted to negotiate with Peterson to come outside, Nocco said. Just after 4 a.m., they sent a robot inside the home, which allowed authorities to see that he was bleeding.
Medics were then sent into the home, and found Peterson with a gunshot wound to the head and his two weapons next to him. It is unclear whether the wound was self-inflicted, Nocco said.
Peterson was then transported to a local hospital, but it is unclear if he is going to survive, Nocco said.
The critically injured deputy was identified as 41-year-old Christopher Stone, ABC Tampa affiliate WFTS reported.
Other deputies were able to fasten a tourniquet on the deputy's wound on the scene, which likely increased of the probability of him being able to walk again, Nocco said. He was taken to Regional Medical Center Bayonet Point where he underwent surgery, Nocco said. On Sunday, Stone was still recovering at the hospital, according to a tweet from the sheriff's office.
Peterson will be charged with domestic battery and at least five counts of attempted homicide, Nocco said. He has previously been arrested for domestic battery, Nocco said.
"This individual had full intention, in my eyes, to kill deputies, to kill everyone," Nocco said.
A Google Maps image taken of the New Port Richey home in January 2019 shows a sign in the front yard with a picture of a gun that says, "We don't call 911."
ABC News' Matt Foster and Ben Stein contributed to this report.
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Germany arrests suspect in 2005 killing of Sri Lankan FM German authorities say they have arrested a suspected member of the Tamil Tigers alleged to have been involved in the 2005 assassination of Sri Lanka's foreign minister
BERLIN -- German authorities say they have arrested a suspected member of the Tamil Tigers alleged to have been involved in the 2005 assassination of Sri Lanka's foreign minister.
Federal prosecutors said Thursday that police arrested 39-year-old Navanithan G. in southwestern Germany Wednesday and searched his home.
The man, whose surname wasn't released because of Germany privacy laws, is accused of membership in a foreign terrorist organization, murder and attempted murder.
Prosecutors said the suspect was part of the group's secret police, participating in the killing of Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Lakshman Kathirkamar in August 2005 and the attempted killing of Eelam People*s Democratic Party leader Douglas Devananda.
It wasn't immediately clear how long the suspect had been in Germany.
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403 F.2d 631
UNITED STATES of Americav.Francis J. PAXTON and Milton Hecht, Milton Hecht, Appellant.
No. 17166.
United States Court of Appeals Third Circuit.
Argued Oct. 24, 1968.Decided Nov. 19, 1968, Certiorari Denied Feb. 24, 1969, See89 S.Ct. 863.
Frederick Klaessig, Jersey City, N.J., for appellant.
Donald Horowitz, First Asst. U.S. Atty., Newark, N.J. (David M. Satz, Jr., U.S. Atty., Newark, N.J., on the brief), for appellee.
Before HASTIE, Chief Judge, and SEITZ and ALDISERT, Circuit Judges.
OPINION OF THE COURT
PER CURIAM.
1
A jury convicted defendant of conspiring (18 U.S.C. 371) with one Paxton to defraud Citizen's National Bank ('Bank') contrary to 18 U.S.C. 6561 The conspiracy as alleged took the form of an agreement by Paxton, as assistant cashier of the Bank, to allow overdrafts and false credits in favor of defendant personally and his corporate accounts. Defendant appeals the judgment of conviction and sentence, the denial of his motion for a judgment of acquittal or new trial, and from the denial of his motion for leave, pursuant to Rule 19(G) of the General Rules of the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, to investigate the possible misconduct of a juror.
2
The defendant had a personal checking account with the Bank. Two corporations of which he was an officer were also depositors. During most of the period in which the corporate accounts existed, the defendant was in charge of the issuance of their checks. He was also the Manager of the corporations.
3
Defendant contends that it was error to admit the testimony of the Government's witness, Metzheiser, the bank auditor. Difendant says first that it violated the best evidence rule because 'the Government did not produce the documents on which opinions of the witnesses were based.' An issue in the trial was whether certain credits and debits appeared on the defendant's personal and corporate accounts. To prove this 'negative' the Government would have been required to introduce voluminous bank records which were, for the most part, on microfilm. Metzheiser personally conducted and supervised the investigation of the accounts and testified at the trial that he found no record of the relevant entries. We think the district court acted well within its discretionary limits in not requiring the production of the original records to prove a negative. We say this because of the record volume involved and the other evidence, both testimonial and documentary, which tended to establish the absence of entries. It is not contended that the original records were unavailable to defense counsel.
4
Defendant next urges that Metzheiser's testimony, based in part on what he was told by those working under his direction and supervision, was inadmissible hearsay. We think the trial judge was justified in concluding that the testimony was reasonably reliable and its use justified under the circumstances developed by the Government, particularly since the records in question were available to defendant. Nor do we think its use presented any constitutional issue under the circumstances. Defendant's final claim as to Metzheiser's testimony is that it was inadmissible as being an expression of opinion by an unqualified expert. It is true that the Government did not qualify Metzheiser as an expert witness, but it did not offer him as such. We think that the Government was correct in so not offering him. The matters to which he testified were not opinions but conclusions based on particulars drawn from data either observed by him or transmitted to him by those he closely supervised. The data, as we said before, was available to defendant for use in cross-examination.
5
We therefore conclude that the district court did not commit error in admitting the testimony of the witness Metzheiser.
6
Defendant's second principal contention is that the admission of certain identified documents and other records under the Business Records Rule (28 U.S.C. 1732) was in violation of the Sixth Amendment and was an abuse of judicial discretion.
7
The Government witness, Redfield, the Comptroller of the Bank, testified that the records as to which there is a real question were records kept in the regular course of the Bank's business. We are satisfied that the records whose admission was sought to be justified under the statute were properly admissible thereunder in view of the accompanying testimony.
8
Defendant's complaint of possible misconduct of a juror is without merit. After making a thorough investigation, the court concluded there was no prejudice to the parties. We have examined the record of these particular proceedings, which were conducted in the presence of counsel, and find no error in the procedure followed by the court, nor in the conclusion it reached.
9
We have considered the other contentions advanced by defendant and find them to be without merit.
10
The judgment of conviction of the district court will be affirmed.
1
'Whoever, * * * embezzles, abstracts, purloins or wilfully misapplies any of the moneys, funds or credits of such bank or any moneys, funds, assets or securities intrusted to the custody or care of such bank, or to the custody or care of any such agent, officer, director, employee or receiver, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both; but if the amount embezzled, abstracted, purloined or misapplied does not exceed $100, he shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.'
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(Medical Xpress) -- Scientists at the Medical Research Council (MRC) Protein Phosphorylation Unit at the University of Dundee have discovered a new molecular switch that acts to protect the brain from developing Parkinson's disease.
The findings have helped scientists understand how genetic mutations in a gene called PINK1 lead to Parkinson's in patients as young as 8 years old - which could eventually lead to new ways to diagnose and treat the condition.
The job of some proteins inside cells is to switch other important proteins on or off. Understanding how these proteins work and which proteins they target could be the key to why nerve cells die in Parkinson's - and how we can save them.
But despite intensive research, the target of the PINK1 enzyme (which is made by the PINK1 gene) has eluded scientists for almost a decade.
Now the Dundee team has found that PINK1 switches on a protein called Parkin, whose main job is to keep cells healthy by removing damaged proteins. Mutations in the gene that makes Parkin can also cause inherited forms of Parkinson's in younger patients .
The team was led jointly by Dr Miratul Muqit and Professor Dario Alessi at the University of Dundee.
"Parkinson's is a devastating degenerative brain disorder and currently we have no drugs in the clinic that can cure or slow the disease down," said Dr Muqit, a Wellcome Trust Clinician Scientist in the MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit.
"Over the last decade, many genes have been linked to Parkinson's but a major roadblock has been determining the function of these genes in the brain and how the mutations lead to brain degeneration."
Dr Muqit said, "Our work suggests this pathway can't be switched on in Parkinson's patients with genetic mutations in PINK1 or Parkin. More research will be needed to see whether this also happens in Parkinson's patients who do not carry these mutations."
Professor Alessi, Director of the MRC Protein Phosphorylation Unit, added, "Now that we have identified this pathway, the key next step will be to identify the nature of these damaged proteins that are normally removed by Parkin. Although further studies are required, our findings also suggest that designer drugs that switch this pathway on could be used to treat Parkinson's."
The research was funded by the Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust, Parkinson's UK, the J. Macdonald Menzies Charitable Trust and the Michael J. Fox Foundation.
The research is published in the latest edition of the journal Open Biology. The paper was co-authored with Dr Helen Walden from Cancer Research UK's London Research Institute.
Explore further New insight into Parkinson's disease
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Florida State Men’s Basketball landed their third commitment for the 2020 class on Saturday when 7-foot center Quincy Ballard, a native of Syracuse, N.Y. who played this past season at Quality Education Academy in North Carolina, made his pledge public.
“Next season I will be attending college at the University of Florida State,” Ballard announced in front of his home on his mother’s birthday.
Ballard chose FSU over Maryland and Syracuse, who made up his final three. He also held offers from Cincinnati, NC State and others.
The 6-foot-11, 240-pound center saw his offer list take off in the past week with the Seminoles pulling the trigger first among those previously mentioned. The other high majors quickly followed suit.
Head coach Leonard Hamilton and his staff had been active with Ballard for a while prior to the offer being extended. The Seminoles were the only staff able to visit with Ballard before a dead period came about due to concerns over the coronavirus.
Ballard was able to take ‘virtual visits’ of those pursuing him, but didn’t have a chance to use any official visits before making his decision.
Hamilton’s history at FSU with big men was a big selling point to Ballard, as was the fact that the Seminoles have had a great run of winning in recent years.
He is another long, athletic big man for Hamilton and the Seminoles. Ballard does his best work around the rim as a close-range scorer, shot blocker and rebounder.
Ballard can sign a letter-of-intent and submit it starting on April 15th. The regular signing period lasts until August 1st of 2020.
He joins five-star guard Scottie Barnes and three-star wing Sardaar Calhoun in FSU’s 2020 class.
He is not yet ranked by 247Sports.com or the 247Sports.com Composite Rankings.
He has previous indicated he is interested in studying graphic design in college.
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Bundall, Queensland
Bundall is a suburb of the City of Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia. At the 2016 Census, Bundall had a population of 4,523.
Geography
Bundall is west of Surfers Paradise and the Nerang River. Sorrento () is a neighbourhood within Bundall.
History
The name Bundall is from the Aboriginal word for a species of prickly vine. The locality was originally established by British landowner Edmund Henry Price in 1862. The northern boundary of the area runs from the southern Nerang Riverbank to The Arts Centre Gold Coast. It then continues south, bordering the present day Village High Road, alongside Benowa. The locality of Sorrento is within the southern section of the suburb of Bundall.
Bundall is also the home of the Bundall Iceland Ice Rink, home of the Bartercard Gold Coast Blue Tongues ice hockey club, Queensland's only team in the Australian Ice Hockey League.
Cultural precinct
A cultural precinct may be built on the Evandale site that currently incorporates the Gold Coast Arts Centre. The project may begin at the beginning of 2014. The City of Gold Coast's vision is that when completed, the Gold Coast Cultural Precinct will include drama, music, dance, art, new media and public sculpture.
Slatyer Avenue
Slatyer Avenue () is one of eleven local streets named after young men who died on active service in World War II.
When the Bradbrook family farm at Bundall was subdivided for housing in the 1950s, Slatyer Avenue was named after two brothers – Allan and Gordon Slatyer, the only children of Francis Leichhardt and Hilda (Peggy) Slatyer of Surfers Paradise.
Allan, an RAAF leading aircraftman, died in a training accident at Wagga Wagga on 29 August 1941. He was 18 years old.
Gordon, an AIF infantryman, was killed in action on 3 August 1942 at El Alamein, Egypt. He was 22 years old.
Demographics
In the , Bundall recorded a population of 4,523 people.
The median age of the Bundall population was 42 years, 4 years above the national median of 38.
65.5% of people were born in Australia. The most common countries of birth were New Zealand 7.4% and England 4.4%.
80.0% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin at 3.1%.
The most common responses for religion were No Religion 28.7%, Catholic 24.1% and Anglican 21.1%.
Notable people
Notable people from or who have lived in Bundall include:
Justin Hickey, businessman, insurance executive and philanthropist
See also
Suburbs of the Gold Coast
References
W.E Hanlon, The Early Settlement of the Logan and Albert Districts
Steele, J.G., Aboriginal Pathways in Southeast Queensland and the Richmond River, p63
External links
University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Bundall
Category:Suburbs of the Gold Coast, Queensland
Category:1862 establishments in Australia
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Q:
boto3 get tenancy value from placement gives name error
Trying to make a script that gathers info about our AWS environment. I want to get just the tenancy info from the placement.
Using the client in boto3 i have tried the to get the placement[Tenancy] but i get error
NameError: name 'Tenancy' is not defined.
I have also tried to loop through and get just the key value if it matches but im getting
if 'tenancy' in n['key']:
TypeError: string indices must be integers
Here is what i am currently thinking should return just the tenancy if it exsists.
for i in client.instances.all():
for n in i.placement:
if 'tenancy' in n['Key']:
tenancy = n['Value']
I just want to get the tenancy returned if it's on host default etc. Not sure why i cant get the placement dictionary to print just the value.
A:
As I commented, you are using boto3 resource not client. Just make for sure. In order to get the Tenancy of instance, do this.
import boto3
ec2 = boto3.resource('ec2')
response = ec2.instances.all()
for item in response:
print(item.placement.get('Tenancy'))
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Q:
Make Store Homepage in Woocommerce
I am looking to find out how I can make the store page on my woocommerce site as the homepage. I currently have WordPress 4.7.2 installed using the eStore Theme 1.1.5 and I am trying to replicate the template from the following link:
https://wordpress.org/themes/estore/
My current site on my localhost (attached) has a button for the shop page but i would like to make this my homepage and then have the banners as displayed on the above link (kids clothes, shoe collection) but I am not sure how I go about changing this so would really appreciate some advice.
Thanks in advance.
A:
METHOD 1:
Add [products] shortcode to your existing home page, update it and its done.
METHOD 2:
Follow these steps:
Step 1: create a New Page, Give it a suitable Title.
Step 2: Make sure that the permalink of this page must be like: http://www.example.com/shop/
Step 3: Now go to Settings->Reading Select the above created Page as the Front page. save settings.
Step 4: visit your website.
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I love Thanksgiving and believe it ranks as one of the great American holidays - a time set aside to express our gratitude to God for this country and our many blessings.
Food may serve as the centerpiece of most gatherings this Thursday, but what are you going to talk about as you sit around the table?
Sadly, conversation is an art form some individuals and families have slowly lost over the years. Part of it has to do with fewer households eating together as a family due to busy schedules. Another reason is that so many of us are succumbing to the temptation to bring our smartphones and tablets to the table.
CAROL ROTH: THE AMERICAN DREAM IS ALIVE AND WELL -- LET'S BE THANKFUL FOR IT
Whatever the case may be, you’ll likely soon find yourself seated around the table with loved ones, perhaps including a few friends and maybe even some distant relatives you only see once or twice a year. Are you tired of the same small talk each year … the weather, football and aches and ailments?
And then, of course, there are those “taboo” topics that some may raise – specifically politics.
CLICK HERE TO GET THE OPINION NEWSLETTER
How do you navigate the myriad of personalities and passions around the Thanksgiving table and yet still enjoy the time together?
Here are five tips to help kick start meaningful conversation:
1. Ask Questions
Conversation is like playing catch with a ball. It only works if the object is tossed back and forth. If you never throw, it’s not a catch. Nor is it a catch if you hold onto it after it’s been thrown to you.
As you think through what questions or topics to include in your list, consider your family’s personality. Goofy, lighthearted clans might enjoy silly “would you rather” type of questions sure to incite laughter. More serious families might appreciate recounting some of their more significant experiences that year.
No matter what the family’s temperament, the old Thanksgiving standby is always a good idea: What are you thankful for?
2. Ignore Your Phone
Gadgets can create an invisible barrier between us and others. Other times we use them as a “safety net” – bored? Check Facebook. Things get tense? Hide in your email. Is it absolutely necessary to post or tweet a picture of that plate of turkey and stuffing while you’re at the table?
Thanksgiving may not be the best time to discuss politics, but if someone launches into a stump speech for their favorite candidate, do your best to withhold a judgmental response, pro or con.
My suggestion is to take the temptation away. Perhaps you want to set a basket in the next room where guests can place their devices. Or maybe you want to make a game of it – first one to check their device has to help clean up or gets to pay for the next day’s stop at the coffee shop.
3. Wade Carefully into Controversy
Thanksgiving may not be the best time to discuss politics, but if someone launches into a stump speech for their favorite candidate, do your best to withhold a judgmental response, pro or con.
Instead, say something like, “I can see you care passionately about this” or “That’s very interesting” is a diplomatic but polite response. Just remember, you’re not going to save the world or likely change their mind by debunking or rebuking a personal opinion. Relax. Smile.
4. Don’t Expect Perfection
It’s OK if your Thanksgiving meal isn’t reminiscent of a Norman Rockwell painting. Some years are just harder than others. Maybe it’s your first time around the table without a loved one who has passed away, or perhaps the family is reeling from the shock of bad news. Or maybe you have a rowdy toddler who screeches and hides cranberry sauce in the seat cushions.
Instead, focus on simply being together and giving each other grace.
If your family has lost someone, don’t avoid talking about them. Reminiscing can be therapeutic. If someone is going through a difficult personal situation, don’t be afraid to ask them what they need most.
5. Pray and Give Thanks!
Take a moment to pause and express appreciation to God for the people and good things in your life. Ask Him to comfort those in your circle who have hit a rough spot. Remember, it’s possible to be thankful despite disappointments and hardships.
CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP
Remember that every good conversation starts with good listening. When all else fails, remember most people’s favorite topic is themselves. Show interest in others and they’ll likely show interest in you.
In the end, though, don’t stress over it. As the Irish playwright, Oscar Wilde once observed, “After a good dinner one can forgive anybody, even one’s own relations.”
CLICK HERE TO READ MORE FROM JIM DALY
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Biography
‘An excellent orator, a great lawyer, and an ornament to his profession’, Glanville was born at Tavistock. According to an anecdote attributable to his pupil Matthew Hale†, his father John designated him as his heir, in preference to his elder brother Francis*, but once in possession of this inheritance Glanville chose to renounce it. However, as Francis was acknowledged as heir by the Crown while both brothers were still minors, the story’s accuracy may be doubted. The farm and two old houses at Tavistock that Glanville owned subsequently perhaps represented a smaller patrimony.22 As a student at Lincoln’s Inn, Glanville made good use of the notes left him by his father, and became ‘a great proficient’. Called to the bar in 1610, he rapidly built up a practice in the West Country. Retained by Liskeard, doubtless through the influence of the borough’s recorder, Sir William Godolphin*, his mother’s stepson, he himself shortly afterwards became recorder of Okehampton, around 14 miles from Tavistock. He also found time to write poetry, contributing a verse to William Browne’s Britannia’s Pastorals in 1613, and later composing paraphrases of the psalms.23
Godolphin died before the 1614 general election, but Glanville obtained a seat at Liskeard on his own account. He was joined at Westminster by his brother Francis. The records of this assembly rarely distinguish between the two men, but in subsequent Parliaments Glanville greatly outshone his elder sibling, and he seems to have done so on this occasion. Appointed by full name to legislative committees to consider extortions by customs officials, and the personal estates of Sir Edward Herne and Sir Robert Wroth (20 and 25 May), he was presumably also nominated to two other private bill committees relating to a Chancery decree and a Crown grant. A fifth, to which he was named as a Cornish burgess, concerned the lands of his kinsman Sir Warwick Hele*, and having called on 17 May for this measure to be committed, he reported it to the House seven days later. Always a willing advocate of West Country concerns, it was most likely he who spoke on 21 May in favour of the bill for a new pier at Axmouth, Devon, a measure which he supported partly because its promoter, Sir Walter Earle*, had resorted to Parliament rather than to patent. A speech on 19 May observing that Chancery did not concern itself with actions of £10 or less is certainly attributable to him, which means that he was also added that day to the committee for the small debts bill.24
It is unclear which Glanville brother called on 7 May for the Sabbath observance bill to include a clause on football. However, more overtly political and constitutional issues were almost invariably the preserve of this Member. A speech on 10 May agreeing that Sir Thomas Parry* should come to the bar of the House to explain his involvement in the Stockbridge election was probably his first venture into the realm of parliamentary procedure. Much more controversially, on 23 May he questioned the legality of James I’s new order of baronets, arguing that all estates of inheritance must be tied to specific properties, and he was named to the committee to examine a petition on the subject.25 On 25 May he backed the strategy of proceeding against Bishop Neile on the basis of common fame, arguing that a complaint to the Lords was likely to establish the truth, and asserting that if the bishop’s alleged attack on the Commons were substantiated, then he hated him ‘as the devil’. Added two days later to the committee to redraft the relevant message to the Upper House, he responded defiantly on 30 May to the king’s instruction for the Commons to resume normal business, insisting that the suspension should continue until the Lords responded over Neile. Although he reluctantly accepted the bishop’s excuse that his remarks had been misinterpreted, acknowledging that his personal intentions were ‘by law not examinable’, on the same day he eagerly embraced the alternative strategy of petitioning the king over claims that Neile had certified a recusant as conformable on inadequate grounds (1 June). In this instance he considered that it was up to the bishop to prove that he had fulfilled his responsibilities (3 June). Failing to take seriously James’s growing impatience over the lack of progress on supply, on 7 June he half-heartedly supported committing the subsidy bill, but dismissed the king’s threat to dissolve Parliament as ‘a needless fear’. Within hours he was proved wrong.26
Glanville was employed by Plymouth corporation as early as 1615, securing a retainer two years later and replacing Sir William Strode* as recorder in 1620. However, he also started to make his mark in London, and was reported as counsel in King’s Bench in 1617. In the following year he was granted in reversion the prothonotaryship of Chancery, which in due course he would execute in trust for the widow of Sir George Carew II*. Although he probably owed this appointment to his kinsman Sir Francis Godolphin*, one of the current holders, his selection again bore testimony to his growing reputation in the West Country.27
Glanville secured a seat at Plymouth in the 1620 general election, despite competition from Edward Salter*, the nominee of Prince Charles’s Council, and indeed he represented the borough in Parliament throughout the following decade.28 During the first sitting of 1621, it is again difficult to distinguish him from his brother Francis, who may, for example, have been the Member who gave evidence during the inquiry into Clement Coke’s* assault on Sir Charles Morrison* (8-9 May).29 However, in most instances the evidence once more suggests that Glanville himself was the more active Member, making around 70 speeches and receiving nominations to over 40 committees or conferences. Naturally his experience as a lawyer influenced his priorities and attitudes. On 20 Feb., during a debate on the bill to limit suits in courts of equity, he approvingly quoted a saying of the lord chancellor, Sir Francis Bacon*, ‘that it was the best law that leaves least to the judge and the best judge that leaves least to himself’. A firm believer in the essential soundness of the judicial and administrative framework within which he earned his livelihood, Glanville was a constant critic of attempts to abuse or distort the system at any level. On 17 Feb. his target was thefeodaries and escheators who manipulated local juries in pursuit of a favourable verdict, while on 14 Mar. he upset solicitor-general Heath with a scathing attack on debtors who abused the terms of royal protection from prosecution. Indeed, so careful was he of correct procedure that, having helped prompt a major government concession, a Proclamation against the misuse of protections and bills of conformity, he backed Noye’s call for it to include a proviso explaining that special circumstances justified this unaccustomed use of the prerogative to overturn Chancery decrees (23 March). Three days later, he was named to the committee to finalize the Proclamation’s text.30 Glanville had already introduced a bill on 27 Feb. to prevent the Crown’s authority being misappropriated to help commoners recover their own debts, though this failed to re-emerge from its committee stage. Such was his growing reputation in the House that he was appointed to prepare for and manage the second conference with the Lords about the bill against informers (21 and 25 Apr.), and to draft bills against bribery in the courts, the sale of official posts, and the establishment of new offices (22 Mar., 27 Apr., 3 May).31 However, he also had some sense of Parliament’s limitations as a vehicle of reform. He firmly believed that the bill to punish abuses in procuring process out of the Westminster courts would actually be counterproductive, though his views were overruled (1 March). He noted on 27 Apr. that the Chancery masters had continued to demand higher fees despite this practice being condemned by the Commons as a grievance. One of the committee appointed on 14 Feb. to investigate the mistreatment of prisoners in the Fleet, he advised Members on 2 June against issuing an order about this issue that they would subsequently be unable to enforce: ‘let us only express it as our opinion and not thrust ourselves desperately upon a rock’. On the same day, with the end of the sitting imminent, he and Hakewill accordingly drafted a declaration setting out their views on the future management of the prison, which the warden was then enjoined to follow.32
Compared with many lawyers in the House, Glanville took relatively little interest in private legislation. He was the first Member named to the committee stage of the bill to confirm a Suffolk manor to Thomas Waller (27 Apr.), and was a teller for the noes on 29 May, when the Commons voted on whether to continue with a bill promoted by the earl of Holdernesse. However, his principal concern was again the measure to allow Sir Warwick Hele to make leases. Having spoken in the bill’s favour on 28 Feb., he chaired the committee, but the legislation was controversial, as it offered greater security to Hele’s tenants at the expense of his heirs’ rights, and Glanville twice reported the bill before the House agreed to have it engrossed (10 and 26 March). It failed to secure a third reading.33
In a sense the Hele bill was an extension of Glanville’s interest in West Country issues. Many of the economic issues which drew his attention related to Devon and the neighbouring counties. On 28 Feb. he expressed concern that the bill for duchy of Cornwall leases failed to allow for periods when there was no duke. He chaired the legislative committees concerned with the manufacture of wool-cards and the transportation of Welsh butter, which he reported on 26 Mar., 27 Apr. and 28 May. He was also once again named to the committee stage of the bill against exactions of customs officials, a Plymouth priority given the abuses committed there by James Bagg I*.34 On at least two other issues, Glanville also doubtless acted as his constituents’ spokesman. Discussing on 26 Feb. the bill against tithes levied on fishing voyages, he emphasized that this was a port town problem, communicated to him by poor fishermen, and drew on the experience of the Newfoundland fleets for evidence that such tithes were a recent innovation. Although not the original chairman of the bill’s committee stage, he reported the measure on 1 Mar. when Sir Thomas Roe was taken ill. The bill’s geographical scope proved contentious, and it was recommitted, though Glanville persuaded the House to pass it for engrossing when he reported it a second time on 28 May. By now he had already launched a campaign that would occupy him for the rest of the decade, on 17 Apr. preferring a bill for free fishing in America. Eight days later, during the second reading debate, Sir Edwin Sandys explained that the New England Company, led by Sir Ferdinando Gorges†, the governor of Plymouth fort, was seeking to establish a monopoly over new fishing grounds off the New England coast. Glanville then outlined some of the local difficulties experienced by rival fishermen, presumably drawing on first-hand accounts, and was duly named to the committee as a port town burgess. However, the bill proceeded no further during this sitting.35
Glanville’s opposition to the New England Company’s behaviour was just one example of his entrenched hostility to patentees in general. During his lengthy speech of 6 Feb. on the likely causes of the prevailing shortage of coin, he homed in on the activities of the East India Company, which he accused of diverting bullion for its own advantage. Returning to the attack on 26 Feb. he called for Members who also belonged to the Company to declare their interest, and the next day urged that the patent be brought in for inspection.36 His attention then switched to (Sir) Giles Mompesson’s* patents for inns and alehouses. On 27 Feb. he was named to the committee to search for precedents which might permit the Commons to punish Mompesson, and on the following day he called for his arrest. Nominated on 5 Mar. to help draft a bill against projectors of monopolies, Glanville was also appointed to assist Thomas Crewe during Mompesson’s impeachment. He was deemed to have performed poorly on 8 Mar., reluctant to pursue the sensitive issue of the patents’ referees, who included lord chancellor Bacon. Indeed, a week later, and contrary to the mood of the House, Glanville argued that allegations of corruption against Bacon should not be formally recorded unless the Commons’ investigation substantiated them. Nevertheless, he was nominated on 24 Apr. to help draft bills to provide alternative regulation of inns and alehouses, and on 11 May to prepare for a further conference on the alehouses patent.37 In the meantime, he had chaired the monopolies bill committee, and although once again he needed to report the measure twice (20 and 26 Mar.), he had the satisfaction on 12 May of pronouncing on the manner in which the bill should be delivered to the Lords.38 By now Glanville regarded himself as an expert in this field, asserting on 7 May that the Merchant Adventurers’ privileges would be unaffected if the merchants of the Staple also exported cloth, and later in the month chairing the committee which scrutinized the Adventurers’ patent. In fact, he was becoming almost obsessive about the subject, on 24 Apr. criticizing the bill for preservation of fish fry on the grounds that it might establish a local monopoly. Similarly, during the debate on 26 May on the bill to prohibit wool exports, he warned that if only financial penalties were imposed on offenders, they might be targeted by a patentee.39
Such fixations notwithstanding, Glanville was becoming an adept Commons performer. On 26 Mar. he and Sir Peter Frescheville rose together to speak, and when Noye took offence at the Speaker’s humorous reaction, Glanville defused the situation with ‘a very modest and discreet speech’. While apparently unconcerned by the religious implications of Thomas Sheppard’s attack on the Sabbath observance bill on 16 Feb., he recognized that this ‘general invective’ had caused deep offence to the House, and called for the offender’s expulsion. Beyond the dynamics of debate, he also pondered upon the role of the Commons. Keen to see redress of grievances, he argued on 21 Feb. that Members should consider every petition of complaint submitted to them, regardless of its apparent significance. He evidently attached great importance to the successful passage of legislation. Anxious that early discussion of supply should not result in the session ending before other bills had been passed (5 and 7 Mar.), he was named on 26 Apr. to the committee to order the Commons’ agenda. News on 28 May of the imminent adjournment again spurred him into action, not least because he had not yet reported the bills on fishing tithes and wool-cards, and he sought in vain for an orderly strategy to complete as much business as possible.40
Given these concerns, it was predictable that Glanville would also take an interest in matters of privilege. Following an observation on 7 Feb. about the Gatton election, he was added the next day to the committee for privileges. He was also appointed to help consider the legality of Members swearing the oaths of supremacy and allegiance twice in the same Parliament, and to draft a bill to regulate elections (9 Feb., 10 March). In general Glanville took a high view of the Commons’ rights. One of the Members named on 23 Apr. to draft the arrest warrant for Sir John Bennet*, he insisted that the House could force sheriffs to execute it, on pain of imprisonment in the Tower: ‘and, if there be no precedent, to make a precedent’.41 Naturally he was more circumspect over relations between the Commons and the Crown. Named to the committee to frame a petition on freedom of speech (5 Feb.), he warned four days later that the first draft ventured into uncharted territory, and risked rejection. Convinced by 12 Feb. that a petition would cause offence, he instead proposed a declaratory bill; and as chairman of the committee for drafting both a petition and a bill, he reported on 15 Feb. that the safest course was actually a verbal message to the king. He was presumably relieved when the Commons chose to accept James’s vague promises on the subject. On 22 Feb. he emphasized the king’s entitlement to issue proclamations, while hoping for greater moderation in their use.42 However, like many Members, he badly misjudged the Edward Floyd affair. While speaking on 1 May in favour of the lesser penalty of whipping, he asserted that the House was fully entitled to inflict such a punishment on this subversive Catholic. When James disagreed, Glanville argued somewhat feebly that the lack of precedents for the Commons’ judgment did not absolutely preclude them taking such a step; Floyd’s actions could be construed as a grievance, which did fall within Members’ remit (2 May). Such dubious reasoning was sufficient to earn Glanville nominations to the committee to prepare for the conference on Floyd, and the subsequent joint committee of both Houses to resolve the jurisdictional dispute (5 and 8 May), but he would be careful on future occasions to base his arguments on more solid foundations.43
During the recess Francis Glanville received a knighthood, and thereafter the two brothers are clearly distinguishable in the parliamentary records. Glanville himself was no less prominent in the second sitting than he had been in the first, making 20 speeches and receiving two committee nominations. As soon as the House reassembled on 20 Nov., he urged haste with the uncompleted bill for free fishing, since Sir Ferdinando Gorges had procured an order from the Privy Council to prevent the Dartmouth fishing fleet from sailing to America. In the bill’s third reading debate on 1 Dec., Glanville made no attempt to hide his prejudices. When John Guy spoke up in support of the Newfoundland plantation, he was told firmly that whereas the fishing industry enriched the country by £120,000 p.a., a plantation was ‘only a titulary thing but bringeth no profit to the public but to private men who have gotten a patent’. The bill was passed by the Commons, but Gorges’ patent remained a concern, and on 19 Dec. Members backed Glanville’s motion that the king be requested to suspend it until Parliament resolved the issue.44 Meanwhile, Glanville had reported the bill against exactions by customs officials on 24 Nov., and although the House saw fit to order a recommital, the measure was passed for engrossing six days later after Glanville’s second report. Shortly afterwards he again defended the bill against wool exports, which had now reached its third reading. When the Commons failed to reach a verdict, Glanville decided on drastic action, and on 1 Dec. he reappeared with a new version which he and some other lawyers had just drafted. This duly received two readings on 4 Dec., but progressed no further.45
Given Glanville’s clear desire to see bills completed, he was understandably unhappy with the king’s request that the second sitting be used solely for voting supply for the Palatinate. Accordingly, on 26 Nov. he proposed a grant of one subsidy and one fifteenth, but coupled this with a short legislative programme designed to conclude Parliament’s more important business, such as the pardon and the bills on religion, monopolies and the continuance of expiring statutes. Far from adopting such a scheme, the Commons stumbled into confrontation with James over religion, foreign policy, and Goldsmith and Lepton’s conspiracy against Sir Edward Coke*. Initially Glanville trod carefully, on 3 Dec. advising that the petition about the prince’s marriage should not discuss whether Members were entitled to comment on such issues lest their statement be used against them. However, when the king instructed the House to abandon its pursuit of Goldsmith and Lepton, Glanville insisted on 11 Dec. that the inquiry fell within the Commons’ proper remit, and should continue. On the following day, with James now also digging in his heels, he agreed with Sir Robert Phelips that the king was seeking to dictate Parliament’s agenda: ‘if we now go on with this message, and proceed hereupon with bills, then next we shall have command to go on with grievances, and then with this and that bill, and then with that grievance; and so hereafter we shall do nothing, but what the king commands’.46 As the Commons began to outline a declaration of their privileges on 15 Dec., Glanville asserted that although by tradition Members requested these rights from the monarch in each Parliament, the king ‘hath not the power of refusal’. He was unimpressed by James’s next offer of concessions, observing on 17 Dec. that the House had been diverted from its intended petition on freedom of speech in February by a similar letter, and that the same problems had now recurred. He would willingly proceed with normal business, but not if it was at James’s insistence. ‘It will more content the subject to have the privileges confirmed, than all the bills, for else we can never do good here hereafter.’ Aware that the Commons risked a repeat of the 1614 Parliament’s premature dissolution, he welcomed the king’s next offer of a further sitting, urging Members on 18 Dec. to express their gratitude, since ‘enemies of this House have now an opportunity to do us mischief’. Nevertheless, he still maintained that some form of protestation was necessary to avoid a further dispute of this kind. Although not selected to draft this statement, he was appointed to help compose the suggested message of thanks to James, and on the following day to view the clerk’s book, which now included the text of the Commons’ protestation.47
Following the heated debate on 17 Dec., the king demanded to know which Members had treated his command to continue with bills as a violation of the Commons’ privileges, whereupon Sir George Calvert* hesitantly identified Glanville as one of the speakers, emphasizing that he was not ‘very factious otherwise’. Although there is no firm evidence that he was subsequently punished, Glanville alluded in April 1628 to an occasion when he and Hakewill were questioned about words spoken in the House. This was probably a reference to the Privy Council’s inquiry of January 1622 into those Members who were thought to have misbehaved themselves.48 In contrast to the Crown’s disapproval of his activities in the Commons, Glanville’s constituents appreciated his efforts, and presented him with a silver basin and ewer worth £33 17s. 6d., and engraved with a map of the town. He appears on this occasion to have waived his parliamentary wages.49 Following the dissolution, Glanville’s reputation in the west continued to grow. Now recorder of Launceston as well as of Okehampton and Plymouth, he was in demand as a mediator in local gentry disputes, though he was recorded as a Middlesex resident when he donated 20 marks towards the recovery of the Palatinate in February 1622. By the middle of the decade he could claim that ‘his practice is now as good as most men in the kingdom’.50
The 1624 Parliament saw Glanville consolidate his standing in the Commons. His recorded activity of 47 committee or conference appointments and 84 speeches compares favourably with his performance in 1621, and his influence now reached its peak. Named to the committee for privileges on 23 Feb., he assumed its chair, and in the course of 17 reports dealt with 22 disputed elections and the re-enfranchisement of four boroughs. He proved an assertive chairman, twice demanding that his reports to the House be awarded priority over other business (2 Mar., 21 Apr.), and under his leadership the committee vigorously upheld its own independence, and indirectly that of Parliament itself. On 9 Mar. Sir Thomas Edmondes, a privy councillor, attended the committee despite not being one of its members, and finding there was no seat for him requested an adjournment to a larger room. Undeterred by Edmondes’ political muscle, Glanville refused to comply and all but ordered him to withdraw, provoking a furious response for which the councillor was later obliged to apologize. Glanville’s report of 5 Mar. on the Cambridgeshire election prompted a resolution that sworn affidavits were inadmissible as evidence, since they allowed other courts such as Chancery to influence the interpretation of returns.51 On 10 Mar., debating Walter Steward’s case, he insisted that no foreigners should be admitted to the Commons until fully naturalized by Parliament; if Crown grants of denizenship were accepted as an adequate qualification, the floodgates would be opened to men who ‘will not care for the making of any laws but for their own times without respect to their posterity’. Central to the safeguarding of liberty and good governance was a broad franchise, freely exercised, and this principle was reiterated in a series of reports on boroughs such as Bletchingley, Chippenham and Winchelsea (12, 18 and 22 March). Glanville viewed parliamentary representation as a public duty. On the question of whether boroughs like Amersham or Hertford were entitled to re-enfranchisement, he produced a precedent on 6 Apr. which implied that once this privilege was granted, it should not be allowed to lapse. Essentially the same principle applied to individuals, as in the Gloucestershire election when Sir Thomas Estcourt attempted to withdraw after winning the poll. As Glanville explained in the Reports which he later wrote on the committee’s rulings in this Parliament, ‘the county and commonwealth have ... an interest in every man’ that takes precedence over their private wishes.52 He was not invariably successful in upholding these ideals. On 24 Mar. he attempted to deliver a minority report, after the bulk of the committee rejected his argument that the Norfolk returns were invalid because a poll had been demanded but not properly held. However, he did manage to strengthen the committee’s powers of investigation, securing a resolution on 23 Mar. that it could detain alleged delinquents while its hearings continued, and following his report on 29 Apr. the vicar of Bletchingley was summoned to the bar of the House for abusing a committee member. Within the same sphere of activity, he was appointed to help draft one bill on elections, and another which charged the suspect Liverpool Member, Sir Thomas Gerrard with praemunire (13 and 15 March).53
True to his principles, Glanville remained an active spokesman for his own constituents. He again chaired the committee for the bill against exactions of customs officials, which was sent for engrossing following his report on 15 May but progressed no further. He was named to the legislative committee concerned with duchy of Cornwall leases on 9 Mar. after raising the same legal loophole as in 1621, while he secured another committee nomination on 24 Mar. by observing that the bill against enclosure failed to take account of Devon’s distinctive agricultural patterns.54 On 27 Feb. he resumed his campaign against Gorges’ fishing patent, brushing aside Barnaby Gooch’s warning that the duke of Buckingham was one of its backers. His report on 5 Mar. from the subcommittee on the patent was grim, warning that besides the fishing-related problems already identified, the New England planters had the power to make their own laws, and even to punish alleged offenders living in Britain. By 15 Mar. Glanville had proof of Gorges’ efforts to enforce his patent through the Admiralty Court, and, more damning still, produced a book written by the New England Company which ‘doth charge the last Parliament with faction in questioning those patentees for their abuses’. Having won agreement that the patent was a grievance, he proceeded to steer the revived bill for free fishing through committee, though he encountered further resistance from the pro-plantation lobby when he reported the measure on 10 April. Glanville did not mince his words: ‘We have a real possession of a fishery, they have an imaginary expectation of a plantation, and they will have their imagination swallow up our reality’. The bill was recommitted, but it passed its third reading on 3 May.55
Understandably, Glanville also took a close interest in the monopolies bill, observing on 26 Feb. that its main purpose was to ensure that patents could be challenged through the Common Law, rather than solely before the Privy Council. Having chaired its committee, he reported the measure on 9 Mar., and when it finally completed its passage through the Commons four days later, he was appointed to take it up to the Lords ‘because he took pains in it’. Nominated on 7 Apr. to manage the ensuing conference, and subsequently also to help examine the patents cited in the bill (22 Apr.), his final involvement with the bill was as a member of the joint committee with the Lords to draft amendments (13 May).56 In the meantime, on 3 Mar. he preferred a new bill for ordering inns and hostelries, being named to its committee stage on 1 April. He also helped to draft and redraft a petition against a patent for the survey of seacoals, which he viewed as ‘a grievance in creation [although] never put in execution’; the text proved contentious, and he reported it three times on the same day before it was finally allowed (25-6 May).57
Glanville’s interest in legal reforms was also undiminished, not least because there was unfinished business from 1621 to attend to. On 3 Mar. he introduced a fresh bill against levying debts in the king’s name, and was named to its committee three weeks later. He also brought in a bill to facilitate the reversal of outlawries (22 Mar.), though he was omitted from the committee, perhaps because of the pressure of business in the privileges committee. Glanville took a close interest in the bills against pretences of concealments and for assignment of debts, chairing the committees for both (25 Feb., 18 Mar., 6 Apr. and 12 May), and spoke on a number of other such measures, including the bill for probate of suggestions in cases of prohibition (23 February). He was particularly scathing on 8 Mar. on the subject of secret offices, dismissing out of hand a proposal that the Court of Wards might do more to advertise its formal inquiries; such notices would actually ‘do more hurt, in countenancing these secret inquisitions, than good to the subject’, and the appropriate action was to abolish the practice entirely.58 Glanville was also becoming concerned at the Crown’s tax innovations. Named on 9 Mar. to the committee to inquire into the new impositions on wine, sugar and groceries, he added a detail to Sir Edwin Sandys’s report on 12 Apr., revealing one of the underhand tactics employed by lord treasurer Middlesex (Sir Lionel Cranfield*) in support of these levies. Initially uncertain how to react to Edmund Nicholson’s patent for the pretermitted custom, he was appointed on 5 May to help collate the Commons’ objections to it, and on 19 May to examine the grant itself.59
Glanville was rarely vocal on ecclesiastical affairs. He called on 6 Apr. for more efficient enforcement of the recusancy laws, and was appointed to help draft charges against the Arminian Bishop Harsnett of Norwich (15 May), but his only recorded comment on the Sabbath observance bill concerned voting procedure (24 February).60 This lack of religious fervour may help to explain his initially muted reaction to the drive for war with Spain. On 2 Mar. he merely expounded on the practical arrangements necessary if a joint committee of both Houses was established to prepare a petition to the king about the Spanish treaties. Glanville was deeply troubled by the efforts of the war party to secure a firm promise of military funding before James had clearly indicated his intentions. As he observed on 5 Mar., ‘to provide for war before it be propounded to us is to christen a child before it was born’. Mindful of 1621, he warned that to presume too much about the treaties’ future risked another confrontation over freedom of speech, and he urged that the petition include a caveat that the Commons did not seek to pre-empt the king’s own decision.61 By 11 Mar. he was willing to back a promise of financial support in general terms, though ironically his proposal that Members also affirm the lawfulness of the proposed conflict was slapped down as overly presumptuous by solicitor-general Heath. Glanville was appointed the same day to attend the conference about the country’s readiness for war, and also to draft the Commons’ non-specific declaration of support in the event of a breach with Spain. As the probability of military action increased, his attitude shifted. On 19 Mar., asserting that it was better to ‘fall into the arms of England than Spain’, he called for a grant of whatever supply was needed, with a down-payment of four subsidies and eight fifteenths, but in return he wanted more time for legislation, including a separate session free from discussion of supply. Neither proposal was well-received, Sir Thomas Belasyse sourly noting that ‘subsidies come not in so easily as fees’, and the following day Glanville fell in line with the consensus view, while warning Members that they had only themselves to blame if the smaller grant now agreed proved too little to generate the desired breach.62 Thereafter, he showed little interest in the subject. Glanville also largely steered clear of the attack on lord treasurer Middlesex, though he urged on 9 Apr. that the earl be allowed to defend himself, not least because the Commons would strengthen their case against him by hearing both sides. At this juncture he was much more concerned about legislative matters, not least the bill for the continuance of expiring statutes, which he was helping to prepare. The Crown’s view was that the 1621 session had not been a proper Parliament, so that expiring statutes were unaffected by its premature dissolution. Glanville begged to differ, and on 10 Apr. he helped to insert a clause into the continuance bill to revive legislation which in his opinion had been allowed to lapse then. He was also appointed on 22 May to the conference to address the Lords’ concerns about the bill.63
The 1625 Parliament found Glanville quite busy still, with a tally of 11 speeches to his name, and appointments to a conference and 16 committees, but in terms of business generally he was a more peripheral figure. Although again appointed to the committee for privileges, he surrendered the chair to Sir George More, and contented himself with two observations on the Yorkshire election dispute, referring back to precedents from 1624 on the proper conduct of polls (4-5 July).64 More involved than usual with ecclesiastical matters, he was named to four bill committees on such topics as recusancy and benefit of clergy, and was also appointed to help draft and deliver the petition to the king on religion.65 Otherwise he pursued his customary priorities, chairing legislative committees concerned with the regulation of inns and free fishing in America, and securing a place on the committee for the wool exports bill (27 and 29-30 June). Glanville reported the petty larceny bill on 9 July, ‘so much altered, as newly written’, and similarly found fault with the continuance of statutes legislation, which required further amendment before it passed (6 July). Unhappy at the prospect of an extended recess, on 7 July he opposed the measure to continue the session beyond the granting of the royal assent to some bills. Appointed the following day to the conference on the plight of the plague-threatened inmates of the Fleet, he took the precaution himself shortly afterwards of dispersing his family across four counties to combat the risk of infection.66
From Glanville’s perspective the Oxford sitting proved thoroughly unsatisfactory. Although able to report the wool exports bill on 8 Aug., the redrafted petty larceny measure, whose committee he chaired, failed to progress. On 10 Aug. he delivered a petition announcing that military preparations in Ireland were at a standstill since the treasurers at war had blocked the release of funds, blaming restrictions imposed by the Commons. One day later he complained bitterly that the royal ships guarding the English coast against pirates were merely ‘going up and down feasting in every good port’. Not surprisingly, he was sceptical about the government’s request for additional supply, arguing on 10 Aug. that such small sums could easily be raised on credit, and that Parliament itself would be diminished by the granting of such a paltry amount. Indeed, if supply could be obtained only by a vote, rather than by a general consensus, this would be seen as dishonouring the king, and a written undertaking to provide adequate resources in due course would actually be more valuable. Two days later, news of the impending dissolution spurred him to draft just such a declaration, asserting the Commons’ willingness to vote taxation, but also emphasizing Parliament’s role in the redress of grievances. This protestation had barely been passed when the session was brought to an abrupt end.67
As Sir John Eliot ironically observed in his Negotium Posterorum, Glanville did not have long to wait to experience the Crown’s gratitude for taking this stand. Attending the king at Plymouth that September in his capacity as recorder, he found himself pressed for service as secretary on the expedition to Cadiz, despite pleading that his handwriting was ‘so bad that hardly any but his own clerk can read it’, and that his family depended on his legal earnings. This vindictive appointment would later be blamed on Buckingham, whom Walter Long* believed had taken his revenge after hearing reports of the complaint on 11 Aug. 1625 about coastal patrols. However, Glanville himself insisted in 1626 that the duke had ‘mediated with the king for his stay’.68 The post was said to be worth £400, but the potential danger was considerable, and in October one observer noted that ‘poor Mrs. Glanville is the most dejected creature that ever was for her husband’. In the event, as Glanville’s account of the Voyage to Cadiz reveals, his official duties detained him safely on board ship almost throughout the expedition, though on 27 Oct. he helped to organize a bombardment of Spanish forces at Puntal. After landing at Kinsale, Ireland in early December, he travelled to Lismore to spend Christmas with one of his clients, the earl of Cork. There, he fell so ill that he was unable to travel until late February 1626, finally reaching London on 5 March.69
In his absence Glanville was again elected to Parliament for Plymouth, but he missed the first four weeks of the new session. Once back at Westminster he failed to give the Commons his undivided attention, spending 9 and 11 Mar. in the Lords as counsel to the 18th earl of Oxford, and slipping away to Westminster Hall once Easter term began in late April, doubtless anxious to make up for the lost earnings of recent months.70 These attendance lapses, combined with some residual physical weakness, help to explain his less prominent performance, which amounted in this Parliament to 42 recorded speeches, and 18 appointments to committees or conferences, although another crucial factor was the changing character of the Commons’ business. While nominated to a handful of committees on customary themes such as reform of alehouses and procedures in the equity courts (25 and 27 Mar.), Glanville initially seemed reluctant to participate in the attack on Buckingham, to which the House devoted so much of its time. However, given his recent service at Cadiz, to which Sir John Eliot alluded on 27 Mar., he could scarcely avoid being drawn into discussion of the war, and his first committee appointment was to consider a petition from one of that expedition’s victuallers (8 March). This was followed by further nominations on 14 and 22 Mar. to help draft bills for finding arms and raising mariners’ wages. In the meantime he chaired the committee for drafting a message to the Lords on how to resolve the military crisis, which he reported to the House on 10 March. He had possibly still not entirely recovered his health, and on 27 Mar. had to withdraw from chairing the debate on supply due to illness.71
The turning point for Glanville was probably the king’s attempt to silence the attacks on Buckingham by Clement Coke and Samuel Turner*. On 1 Apr. he recommended a Remonstrance to Charles, justifying the Commons’ recent behaviour, and finally displayed some of his old defiance: ‘kings will stand high upon their honours, we stiff upon our privileges’. His proposal was adopted, and having chaired the drafting committee he reported the text to the House three days later. However, he then retreated to the sidelines for another fortnight. Sir Dudley Digges’s proposal for a joint-stock Company to finance a private war with Spain briefly aroused his interest, but his comments on 14 Apr. were restricted to the Company’s legal status and the Crown’s claims on its potential profits.72 During this period Glanville made no recorded comments at all on Buckingham, but he must have engaged in some dialogue with the duke’s opponents, for on 21 Apr. he was unexpectedly named to the committee to draw together the charges being levelled against the favourite. He reported from this committee four times, securing agreement for a prosecution based on common fame, and notifying Members of the proposed charges about Buckingham’s accumulation of offices and his involvement in James I’s death (21-2 and 27 Apr., 2 May). Significantly, on 24 Apr. he also defended the use of a small committee to conduct this explosive inquiry, and five days later moved for a vote of thanks after the king conceded that the duke’s impeachment could go ahead. However, his attempt to clear the Cornish Lord Robartes of buying his peerage from Buckingham backfired when both Sir Robert Pye and Sir William Strode disputed his interpretation of events (6 May).73 Glanville was initially appointed on 3 May to attend the impeachment hearings merely as an assistant to Sir Walter Earle, but when the latter withdrew he took responsibility for the charges about extorting £10,000 from the East India Company and delivering ships to France for use against La Rochelle (6 May). Following the arrest of Digges and Eliot in the aftermath of the impeachment conference, he concurred on 13 May with the popular strategy of denying that the former had uttered the words which so offended the king, and chaired the committee to prepare for a conference on the detentions. However, on 19 May he tried unsuccessfully to excuse himself from presenting the Commons’ views to the Lords, and was presumably relieved when the conference was abandoned in the light of subsequent developments.74
Possibly sensing that the campaign against Buckingham had failed, Glanville now again retreated into the background. Like most Members he reacted with alarm on 3 June to John More II’s ill-judged remarks about tyrannical government, calling for their author to be sequestered and sent to the Tower. Four days later he advised the House not to get involved in Philip Burlamachi’s efforts to recover money owed to him by the government, as this was a matter for the treasurers of war. On 8 June he was named to the committee to frame the heads of the proposed Remonstrance against the unparliamentary collection of Tunnage and Poundage, but he was in no hurry to return to centre stage. Deeply worried to find that his enforced visit to Cadiz had been included as a grievance in the Remonstrance against Buckingham, he tried in vain on 12 June to dissuade Members from mentioning him. However, his assertions that ‘the duke mediated with the king for his stay’ and ‘that he never declared himself against the duke’ lacked conviction, and the clause stayed in. On the following day he headed the committee list for the bill about parliamentary privilege, a measure which he had indirectly promoted three weeks earlier. Following Parliament’s dissolution, he was summoned before attorney-general Heath along with the other managers of the impeachment conference, but like them he refused to divulge further details of the evidence gathered against Buckingham, and emerged unscathed.75
Glanville apparently missed the first three weeks of the 1628 Parliament, failing to feature in its records until the second week of April. Nevertheless, he thereafter emerged as one of the more prominent Commons’ figures in the first session, making 32 speeches, and attracting nominations to 23 committees and 12 conferences. The time devoted by the House to subjects’ liberties left little space for other business, but he chaired yet another bill committee concerned with free fishing in America, this time targeting Newfoundland rather than New England (23 Apr.), and condemned on a legal technicality Sir Thomas Monson’s* patent for making bills in the Council in the North. More active than usual on private legislation, he chaired the committee stage of the bill concerning the estates of the 2nd earl of Devonshire (Sir William Cavendish I*), which he reported three times before it finally passed (10 May, 2 June). He also secured nominations to the legislative committees concerning the restitution of Carew Ralegh† and the acquisition of Ralegh property by the earl of Bristol (Sir John Digby*), his client the earl of Cork having an interest in the outcome of both measures (23 May, 4 June).76 Absent during the opening stages of the inquiry into the Cornish shire election, Glanville was appointed on 21 Apr. to help consider the contempt of the principal offenders in ignoring their summons to Westminster, and on 13 May to draft their formal apology. As an authority on parliamentary privilege he affirmed on 10 Apr. that the Commons could adjourn itself regardless of the king’s wishes, and helped to secure the rejection on 22 Apr. of the electoral reform bill, stating that it was superfluous given Members’ existing powers to judge elections.77
Although a latecomer to the debates on subjects’ liberties, Glanville soon made his presence felt through the clarity of his thought and firm constitutional convictions. Appointed on 17 Apr. to help double-check the precedents already deployed by John Selden, on the same day he opposed the Lords’ request to see the Commons’ record of a 1621 bill to explain Magna Carta, arguing that the Journal might misrepresent the original debates. Named to the conferences on liberties on 16-17 and 23 Apr., he insisted that the king’s prerogative could not be allowed a totally free rein in areas where subjects might suffer through its misuse (17 April).78 Now satisfied that there was general agreement over the illegality of arbitrary taxation and imprisonment, he seconded Eliot’s proposal on 28 Apr. for a bill of liberties: ‘I find no cause to recede from our resolutions, and I desire no bill be framed that may favour of a departure from them’. He was duly nominated to the drafting committee, but his optimism about the ease with which such a measure could be prepared was misplaced. On 3 May, with Charles now demanding to know whether the Commons would accept his own assurances about the prerogative, Glanville threw his support behind an alternative plan for a bill to explain Magna Carta, and chaired the committee which drafted a message to the king about this.79 When Charles emphatically rejected any explanatory element, Glanville on 6 May adopted Sir Edward Coke’s alternative strategy: ‘commissions and instructions went out against the law; ... let us seek relief against this, and let us vote them to be a grievance, and let us frame a petition of right, ... [for] without redress thereof we cannot go with comfort to our country’. With many soldiers still billeted in the Plymouth region, he was deeply concerned by the implementation of martial law, and alluded on 7 May to its local abuse. The draft Petition, as reported by him the same day, did not address this problem, but John Selden almost immediately corrected this omission with an additional section.80 Glanville helped to examine the complete text before it was sent up to the Lords, and he was appointed to successive conferences during the next fortnight as the peers sought concessions over the Petition’s wording. While prepared to accept the phrase ‘not warrantable’ in place of ‘unlawful’ for the oath administered in connection with the Forced Loan (20 May), he emphatically rejected the Lords’ additional clause ‘saving’ the king’s sovereign power. As he explained on 22 May:
it was objected that the prerogative in general was not let loose, but only that that is for the good of the people; ...This is a door unto the breach of all statutes and laws. It opens a way to interpretation, as if for the safety and good of the people that laws may be laid aside ... It is not safe to acknowledge a power that is above the law for the safety of the realm.
Impressed by this reasoning, the Commons sent Glanville back to the Lords the following day, where he stated bluntly that the saving clause ‘would take away the effect of every part of this petition, and become destructive of the whole’. Sovereign power was indeed entrusted to the king, but not for his unfettered use; so far as such cornerstones of freedom as Magna Carta were concerned, ‘there is no trust reposed in the king’s sovereign power ... to enable him to dispense with them, or to take from his subjects that birthright and inheritance which they have in their liberties’. The Lords were sufficiently impressed by this resolute stance to suggest a joint committee of both Houses to thrash out remaining problems, and Glanville reported this development to the Commons on 24 May. In the event, the peers shortly afterwards accepted the Petition unchanged, and Glanville was subsequently appointed to help arrange its presentation to the king and its enrolment in the Westminster courts (27 May and 13 June).81 He could now turn his attention to other matters, and was named on 7 June to help draft the subsidy bill’s preamble, and on 13 June to consider how to make better progress with the Tunnage and Poundage bill. On 17 June he warned against making concessions to the Lords over the subsidy preamble’s wording, since supply was not only the Commons’ preserve, but also their only means of leverage over the king. However, he still clung to the conventional wisdom that under normal circumstances the monarch could do no wrong, and on 20 June insisted that Charles could not have instructed Sir Edmund Sawyer* to revise the book of rates: ‘our law says the king’s command contrary to law is void, and the actor stands single. If there were a command, it was upon misinformation’.82
After the intense activity which marked the Petition of Right’s passage, Glanville found relatively little to do in the 1629 session, making just seven speeches and receiving nominations to six committees. Two of the latter concerned bills against recusants and the procurement of judicial posts by bribery (23 and 28 January). He took no recorded part in either the opening discussions on Tunnage and Poundage or the religious debates of early February. Selden’s proposal on 12 Feb. for a message to the Exchequer barons as a means of recovering the merchandise confiscated from John Rolle* finally stirred Glanville into life. Convinced in his own mind that these goods could not really have been seized in payment of Tunnage and Poundage, given that Parliament had still not made the necessary grant to the king, he was certain that the judges would agree to release them once the legal confusion had been explained to them. Moreover, since the collection of unparliamentary Tunnage and Poundage represented a further assault on subjects’ liberties, there should be no progress with the much-delayed bill until redress had been secured. Glanville may have been named to help draft the message to the Exchequer, and was certainly appointed on 14 Feb. to consider the barons’ unyielding response.83
The matter now rested on the hair-splitting issue of whether the king or the customs farmers received the benefit of the confiscated goods. Glanville, who was added on 20 Feb. to the subcommittee to examine the customers, considered not only that they did have a personal interest, but that they were technically trespassers, as the king should not yet have awarded them a contract for collecting Tunnage and Poundage. Nevertheless, he was reluctant to allow Sir Humphrey May to produce warrants which allegedly proved that Charles had authorized the seizure of the disputed merchandise, insisting that if this drew Members into ‘a dispute of the king’s prerogative, those that called for the warrants were the causers of it’ (21 February). Two days later he supported the decision to award Rolle parliamentary privilege in his goods, and to proceed against the customers as delinquents. Accordingly, his hopes of a legalistic solution to the impasse were utterly dashed by the news that Charles had taken full responsibility for the customers’ actions, and he was reduced to muttering darkly of conspiracy: ‘this cometh from the enemies of religion’.84
Glanville was now comparatively wealthy, and had acquired the country estate of Broad Hinton in 1628. Appointed recorder of Bristol in 1630, he was also active as counsel on the Western circuit. In 1633 his reversion of the prothonotaryship of Chancery fell in, though he resigned the post after three years. Nevertheless, he was regarded with suspicion by the Crown. Not until 1637, when the queen, Archbishop Laud and the earl of Holland intervened on his behalf, did Charles finally consent to make him a serjeant-at-law.85 Having ‘engaged to be a better servant to the king than formerly’, he was chosen as Speaker of the Short Parliament, and was promoted to king’s serjeant shortly afterwards, receiving a knighthood in the following year. Elected to the Long Parliament in June 1642, he defected to the king a year later, and travelled the Western circuit in his cause, though there is no evidence that he attended the Oxford Parliament. In mid 1644 he returned voluntarily to London, where he was arrested and imprisoned in the Tower for two years and nine months. He staved off the threat of impeachment, but in 1648 was fined £2,320 for his delinquency, reducing this sum to £970 by surrendering a Devon rectory for the upkeep of the ministry. Glanville was elected to the Commons one final time in 1659, but was almost immediately ejected as ‘not qualified to sit in this House’.86 He was restored to his offices at the Restoration, but died in October 1661. In accordance with his wish for a ‘speedy, private, decent and most frugal Christian burial’, he was interred at Broad Hinton, where his widow erected a monument to his memory 12 years later. None of his descendants sat in Parliament.87
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Q:
How do I make my nocturnal 4mo baby sleep at night?
My 4 month old son happily sleeps soundly for hours at a stretch during the day but when it comes to the night he won't go to sleep until 4 - 5am and when he does go down, he fidgets himself awake.
He suffered from really bad wind and reflux which kept him up until 5am and now his wind and reflux is getting better, his bed time just seems to be stuck at 5am.
We are trying to adjust his bed time by limiting his naps during the day (he currently has 3 naps daily between 1-2 hours), and putting him down at the earlier cycle (usually around 2am) but even when he goes to sleep, he's up after half an hour and then up until 5am. We are also waking him up around 11/12 but don't want to deprive him of sleep. We currently have a bedtime routine of bath, baby massage and feeding to sleep. We also control the light so it's bright and loud during the day and quiet and dark in the evenings.
Is there any advice on how to change a baby's sleep pattern without depriving them of sleep and avoiding controlled crying?
A:
That happened to me when my baby was a newborn, my bedroom was really dark (I hate light) and at nights we used to turn on the lights so my baby thought day was for sleeping and night was for playing. Try to teach him the difference between day and night, maybe that is your problem. I also read that some kids stay more time awake at nights because it is the only time where they can be with their parents.
"Another possible cause of a troublesome sleeping pattern may be the parents' schedule. Children quickly learn to adjust their schedules to maximize time with their loved ones. If the mother is absent during part of the day, or present but preoccupied with other concerns (such as getting older children off to school), the baby may decide that this is an excellent time for a nap. More focused attention on the baby during the day may help to change the pattern." http://www.llli.org/nb/nbjanfeb95p14.html
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Differential inequity in health expectancy by region in Belgium.
To evaluate the size of social inequities in health between regions in Belgium using a composite health measure, the disability free life expectancy (DFLE). Mortality data (5-years follow-up of the 1991 census) are combined with the 1997 Health Interview Survey to estimate the DFLE by education. Differences in partial life expectancy25-74 (LE25-74) and in DFLE25-74 between those at the bottom and those at the top of a relative social scale are used to compare the regional inequities. The higher educated person has a longer LE, with more years free of disability and less years with disability (in years: Flemish males: LE = 46.48; DFLE = 42.08; Walloon males: LE = 44.92; DFLE = 39.80; Flemish females: LE = 47.90; DFLE = 41.93; Walloon females: LE = 46.90; DFLE = 39.84) compared to the population at the bottom of the education hierarchy (in years: Flemish males: LE = 44.86; DFLE = 30.16; Walloon males: LE = 42.77; DFLE = 27.00; Flemish females: LE = 46.86; DFLE = 28.30; Walloon females: LE = 45.44; DFLE = 25.30). The inequity in LE and in DFLE is larger in the Walloon Region than in the Flemish Region. Only the regional difference in inequity in LE is statistically significant. The DFLE can be used to monitor the size of health inequities.
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/*
Copyright (C) 2018-2019 [email protected]
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
use super::super::super::tests::options::{test_format_file, test_format_file_all, test_format_file_common};
use super::fmt_factory;
#[test]
fn test_options_common() {
test_format_file_common("Masm", "OptionsResult.Common", || fmt_factory::create_options());
}
#[test]
fn test_options_all() {
test_format_file_all("Masm", "OptionsResult", || fmt_factory::create_options());
}
#[test]
fn test_options2() {
test_format_file("Masm", "OptionsResult2", "Options2", || fmt_factory::create_options());
}
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This invention relates to an improved monostable multivibrator for eliminating the fluctuation of output pulse width related to changes in the repeated cycle of an input pulse signal used for trigger signal generation.
As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional monostable multivibrator consists of a gate circuit (for example, an OR circuit) 1, a differentiating circuit 4 comprised of a differentiating capacitor 5 and a differentiating resistor 6, a driver circuit or a transistor switching circuit 2 comprising a transistor 3 connected to the output of gate circuit 1 where circuit 2 drives differentiating circuit 4, and a voltage comparison circuit (for example, an inverter) 7 that uses the output of differentiating circuit 4 as an input and feeds back the output as one input to gate circuit 1. The operation is such that when a trigger pulse is impressed on the other input terminal of gate circuit 1, an output pulse is obtained from the output terminal OUT of voltage comparison circuit 7.
In order to operate the conventional monostable multivibrator shown in FIG. 1, a trigger pulse with a narrower pulse width than that of the output of the monostable multivibrator is necessary. This trigger pulse is obtained by shaping the input pulse signal shown in FIG. 2(a) that is supplied to the input terminal IN of the trigger pulse forming circuit T. In the case of forming a trigger pulse from a rising (or falling) input pulse signal by the above trigger pulse forming circuit T, the low level voltage of the trigger pulse when the trigger pulse is a positive pulse, or the high level voltage of the trigger pulse when it is a negative pulse, vibrates at the rising (or falling) of the input signal to the trigger pulse forming circuit. This is illustrated in FIG. 2(b) where a trigger pulse waveform is shown as obtained with trigger pulse forming circuit T where illustrative circuitry for effecting the function of circuit T is described in co-pending Application Ser. No. 859,539, filed Dec. 12, 1977 where the logic of the circuitry disclosed in the foregoing application would be reversed. It should be understood that circuit T may also be implemented by circuitry other than that of the foregoing co-pending application. When the monostable multivibrator is operated by the trigger pulse width of the monostable multivibrator output pulse shown in FIG. 2(c) fluctuates at the time when the repeated cycle input pulse signal of the trigger pulse forming circuit changes returning the monostable multivibrator from the metastable state to the stable state and that coincides with the vibrating portion of the above-mentioned trigger pulse reference levels where in this specification the reference levels are chosen, for purposes of illustration, to be the low level side of a positive pulse and the high level side of a negative pulse.
If such a monostable multivibrator is used, for example, in the pulse count wave detector of an FM receiver, it would be disadvantageous in that the demodulated signal from the pulse count wave detector would appear distorted.
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Sign up for Updates
Search CFI On Campus
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About The Course of Reason
The Course of Reason was launched in 2010 with three main goals in mind. The first is to highlight the achievements of our student groups by regularly
posting articles on their events and activities. The second is to spread knowledge and skills needed to run a freethinking campus group by soliciting
articles from successful group leaders on organizational topics like event planning and fundraising. The last is to get students involved and experienced
in voicing their opinions on current events and relevant cultural issues.
The viewpoints expressed on The Course of Reason are the viewpoints of the individual blogger only and do not necessarily reflect the viewpoints of, nor
should they be attributed to, CFI or its affiliates, or any of their directors or officers.
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Foreman integrates with Puppet and Facter in a few places, but generally using a recent, stable version will be fine. The exact versions of Puppet and Facter that Foreman is compatible with are listed below.
<table class="table table-bordered table-condensed">
<tr>
<th>Puppet version</th>
<th>Foreman installer</th>
<th>Smart proxy</th>
<th><a href="/manuals/{{page.version}}/index.html#3.5.4PuppetReports">Report/fact processors</a></th>
<th><a href="/manuals/{{page.version}}/index.html#3.5.5FactsandtheENC">External node classifier</a></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>0.25.x</td>
<td>Not supported</td>
<td>Untested</td>
<td>Untested</td>
<td>Supported <span class='footnote'>*</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2.6.0 - 2.6.5</td>
<td>Not supported</td>
<td>Untested</td>
<td>Untested</td>
<td>Supported <span class='footnote'>*</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2.6.5+</td>
<td>Not supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2.7.x</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3.0.x</td>
<td>Limited support</td>
<td>1.1 or higher</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3.1.x - 3.4.x</td>
<td>1.1 or higher</td>
<td>1.1 or higher</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3.5.x</td>
<td>1.4.3 or higher</td>
<td>1.4.2 or higher</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>3.6.0+</td>
<td>1.4.3 or higher</td>
<td>1.5.1 or higher</td>
<td>Supported</td>
<td>Supported</td>
</tr>
</table>
Lines indicated with <span class='footnote'>*</span> require `Parametrized_Classes_in_ENC` in Foreman to be disabled.
The Foreman installer and packages are generally incompatible with Puppet Enterprise, however with some manual reconfiguration, individual Foreman components such as the smart proxy should work if needed (some further unsupported documentation can be found on the wiki). The installer in particular will conflict with a Puppet Enterprise installation. It is recommended that Foreman is installed using [Puppet "open source"](http://docs.puppetlabs.com/guides/installation.html).
#### Facter compatibility
Foreman is known to be compatible with all Facter 1.x releases.
For Facter 2.x, both Foreman installer and Foreman 1.4.2 or higher are required.
Compatibility with structured facts in Facter 2.x is being introduced via [#4528](http://projects.theforeman.org/issues/4528).
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Suicide is the easy way out. Of course nobody has the balls anymore to say it like it is.
Click to expand...
as opposed to being medicated by big pharma, or booze, of weed, or coke? There is nothing easy about killing yourself, or battling suicidal depression for the average person. Now try to do it while you're supposed to be "on" every day, have bills to pay, a family to support and no hope
as opposed to being medicated by big pharma, or booze, of weed, or coke? There is nothing easy about killing yourself, or battling suicidal depression for the average person. Now try to do it while you're supposed to be "on" every day, have bills to pay, a family to support and no hope
Click to expand...
Believe me, I know. My ex suffered from severe depression. But there has to come a point in time where you stop blaming everyone else and get your shit together. I know that is a tough stance to take and that's exactly what a lot of depressed people need instead of everyone coddling them and feeling sorry for them all of the time. Sometimes you just need a swift kick in the ass.
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Like Russian nesting dolls the Nester Boxes fit inside of each other for easy transport and shipping. The small footprint also cuts down on the amount of packaging needed for shipping. Each box is finely crafted in molded ply creating simple and versatile storage. They can be used stacked for book storage or if used as singles they can function as small tables.
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I hope you will love it! (If so please let me know!) – Please feel free to extend the project. If you do so please share your extensions with the community!!!
PowerShell Timer Jobs could be very useful. I’ll use it for “SharePoint Warmup”. Therefore I create a PowerShell script some months ago. This I will port to a PowerShell Timer Job and post it on my blog…
Now let’s have a look…
Here’s a screenshot of the “System Settings” page of the SharePoint 2010 Central Administration:
On the admin page you can select an existing timer job or select “<new>” to create a new one.
If you create a new one you have to configure it and name it. Then save the timer job. After that you’ll be able to edit the script.
In this screenshot you see an existing timer job:
Here the “Edit” button is enabled. The script below the “Edit” button is read only!
Click “Edit”… Here is what you will see:
In the Edit dialog you can enter your PowerShell script and save it.
The Edit dialog does not validate your script! It have to be valid. Or you will see errors in the history list.
At the management page you can enable or disable existing jobs using the checkbox. Don’t forget to click the “Update” button after you changed something!
At the “System Settings” page of the Central Administration you see the link “Review PowerShell Job Execution History”. Using this link you will be redirected to the history list. All outputs of all of your PowerShell jobs will be collected here.
The list will not be cleared automatically! – But… You could create a SharePoint PowerShell Timer Job for this purpose 🙂 …
The last thing you should know: All the jobs you create are accessible at common SharePoint Job admin pages like “Review Job definitions” and “Check job status” (Central Administration -> Monitoring)
Here you see a screenshot of the “Review Job definitions” page of SharePoint 2010:
This is a screenshot of the Job definitions detail page:
At least a screenshot of the “Check job status” page of SharePoint:
Some more details…
The PowerShell script of each timer job will be executed in a dedicated PowerShell runtime environment (“Runspace”).
For the PowerShell runspace I’ve created a PowerShell Host implementation. This implementation does not support any user interaction! Be sure your script does not need to interact with the user, e.g. for delete confirmation.
For script development you should use this code frame too! But if you copy the script code from the development tool, e.g. Windows PowerShell ISE, to PowerShell Timer Jobs, be sure only to copy <your code>.
Furthermore you need to enable the execution of unsigned PowerShell scripts in the context of the SharePoint Timer Service. This service normally runs under the Farm account. Have a look into the “Services” management console.
Before you use the tool be sure you know what you do! – PowerShell scripts can damage your farm! BE CAREFULL!!!! – I’m not responsible for any damages.
You shoud test the tool in your own environment. There could be errors in the tool!!! I’ve tested it in my dev environment, but maybe in yours it does not work properly!
Feel free to extend the tool. But if you do so please publish your code to the community.
You must not remove my name or the link to the projects homepage from any file or page of the project. – Please don’t do that. Thanks 🙂
TO USE THE PROJECT…
…you need to deploy the .WSP file to sharepoint and activate the SharePoint features in the Central Administration. The history list have to resist on the CA!!!
I tried to setup a job and everythink worked well. Then I tried to update the schedule of the timer job from “Manage PowerShell Jobs” but I got an error. It said that a job with the same name already exists.
I also tried to run the job manually, from “Scheduled Jobs” page, the first time I tried the job has run successfully but the second time it has run 4 times.
Any chance of you blogging a little more about the components that make up the solution? Especially PowershellHost.cs and SPPowershellJobDefinition.cs. Or is there a resource you can point me at to learn from?
there is a chance 😉 – But it will need some time. I’ve planned an article about the “code behind”. – Thanks for your (very quick) reply only 50 minutes after publishing the project 🙂 – For the moment try a web search for “PSHost” or “Implement PowerShell Host”. There are some MSDN sites. But not much content…
DISCLAIMER
The informations on my blog are provided as is and I cannot guarantee that editing the registry or executing the provided code or provided scripts or doing other actions described in my articles will not cause serious damage. You use this information at your own risk! - I'm not responsible content on external sites.
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Demodectic Mange Treatment Guide
Cure Demodectic Mange Now And Get Your Happy Dog Back!
This New Treatment Plan will make your dog bounce happily around the house again…
The Three Most Common Experiences By People Burdened By Demodectic Mange On Their Dogs:
- Panicking about massive hair loss due to demodectic mange- Stressing out when treatment attempts prove unsuccessful
- Constantly thinking of giving up and just putting the dog to sleep
If you feel the same way about even one of those points, it’s time to get some REAL help.
Fill out the form below to get your FREE report containing a simple home remedy that will get you and your dog smiling again, PLUS helpful advice on how to treat demodectic mange properly. Just enter your name and e-mail address below , and it’ll show up in your inbox within minutes…
Hi, it’s Simon. I know that you’re frustrated and tired about your dog’s condition, and I know exactly what you’re dealing with. You may not believe me, but I know all about demodectic mange and the pain it brings.
It’s been a while since that happened, but while it’s since become ancient history, I can still remember when my dog, Dusty, had an episode of demodectic mange.
We were just coming back from a vacation, and we were really excited to see him again because we’ve missed him while we were gone. But he somehow looked different when we got him back from my aunt, who was taking care of him in our absence.
That’s when the mange was starting to set in.
First it was the face, then the legs. It happened so fast, and it didn’t stop there.
The mange problem went on for a long time. We tried everything we could think of – numerous vet visits, one-off home remedies, stuff like that. But it just didn’t go away. Instead, the hair on Dusty’s back was dropping off at such an alarming rate that at one point, he looked like someone had attacked him with a shaver.
He would also lay motionlessly at a corner, just watching people come and go without even moving his head. This would go on for days; he wasn’t even willing to get his food when he was called. We were worried sick and spent hours debating amongst ourselves about how to get him better, with no real progress.
We were almost about to give up.
But just as we were about to do so, I pulled myself together and started doing some real research about the subject.
I soon realized something after I started my research: nothing we did was working, because we didn’t know what was truly going on with our dog. Once I understood that, I got to work in finding the remedies that addressed the real problem, and started using them on Dusty.
Watching him recover was almost a miracle in itself. I’m not sure if I could even express how I felt when he ran up to me as I was returning home one day and gave me a hug. It’s as though everything’s returned to how it used to be, and I knew then that everything was going to be fine.
Since that day, Dusty has been getting steadily better, and he made a full recovery in two months. I was happy, but I knew from my previous search on the internet that many people are still facing that same problem every day. Because of that, I collected all my notes, and began combining them into something that I can now proudly describe as:
The BEST solution for demodectic mange one can possibly get.
The truth is, there’s nothing else like it. How many other books have you found that actually deal with demodectic mange exclusively?
Yep, that’s what I thought.
At best, you’d find maybe a page or two in a general book about natural cures for every dog problem under the sun, with a few mentions of some plant that you’ve never heard about, and that’s it. The worst thing is that they never even explain to you what it does in the first place.
The only other thing you could do is to continue trawling the internet for solutions to demodectic mange. But I’ve already been down that path, and the opinions you get are so contradictory that they aren’t any help at all. It takes about a week or more to fully research and understand the right way to deal with the mange. And to be honest, you don’t have the time to go through all that.
What you DO need, though, is someone to tell you what you need to do to cure the mange, and why you’re doing them. There’s no need for you to fumble about in the dark, throwing everything you have at the wall and hoping that something sticks. Because everything will be made clear to you.
See Your Dog’s Fur Miraculously Grow Back, Like Plants After A Drought.
Demodectic mange is a depressing thing. Not only does it strip all the fur out of your dog, it also introduces secondary infections that could make him scratch the sores on his back, causing it to bleed. And then your dog gets depressed as a result.
But with my Demodectic Mange Guide, things will be different. You will be able to:
- Regrow the hair on your dog back to its normal state
- Stop the bleeding from the open sores
- Close the wounds and heal them completely
If you’d like to attain all this, without the hassle of finding out what works, what doesn’t, and wasting your time in the process, you’re ready to start the new treatment plan.
Stop Relying on Pills And Medicated Dips That Have No Effect On The Mange At All.
If the vet’s medicines aren’t working now, they won’t be working later. My guide, on the other hand, features over seven separate home remedy methods you can use to treat your dog’s mange.
It might not sound like much, but they’re specially selected because of their ability to synergize with each other, forming a cohesive treatment plan that attacks the problem in multiple angles. In this way, the mange will be cured and prevented from occurring again.
With these remedies, you will be able to:
- Stop having heartaches from seeing your dog laying mournfully on the floor, refusing to move or be touched
- Finally stop the sighing and constant worry
- Feel liberated at last, knowing that you’re on the right path to curing the skin problem
The Demodectic Mange Guide’s treatment plan will do all that, because it’s comprised of home remedies that are grounded in medical science and logic. And it’s also proven to have worked for many people all over the world, including me.
Show Your Dog Off Again Without Feeling Guilt Or Shame!
Being a dog owner is like being a parent. If the child becomes ill or gets hurt, the parent always assumes responsibility and feels guilty about letting such a thing happen. Similarly, owners inevitably get hurt, upset and guilt when their dogs go through something as bad as demodectic mange.
This feeling is magnified when their dog is seen in public. I’m an owner too, and I know exactly how it would feel: Deep, unyielding shame. Shame because everyone thinks you’re mistreating your dog, because they think there’s some sort of animal abuse going on.
But we both know that’s not true – You’ve tried your very hardest, but nothing seems to work. You’re at the end of your rope. But don’t give up just yet, because if you use what I will teach you and act on it, you will:
- Regain the confidence to bring your dog on walks again
- Finally be able to let friends and family into your home without feeling any shame or guilt
- Finally get a good night’s sleep, because you have nothing more to be upset about
Get Started Right Now!
The Demodectic Mange Guide is packed with 40-pages worth of information aimed at doing only one single thing: curing demodectic mange easily and effectively. Oh, and the best thing about the guide? Once you purchase your copy, it will be delivered to you INSTANTLY by direct download, in PDF eBook format. You can then read it on your computer, print it out, or even on your iPhone or iPad!
Like I’ve said before, there’s nothing else like it on the market today; no single book or resource telling you what to do, when to do it and most importantly, why you should do it. It features seven simple remedies, each with step-by-step instructions on how to apply them, as well as a detailed explanation of how demodectic mange can be cured.
And I promise you – even if you aren’t able to use those remedies in the eBook (which I doubt), you will, at the very least, begin to understand just what’s wrong with your dog, and any future treatment you undertake with that knowledge in mind will cure the mange problem completely. The remedies are all easy to make, doable within an hour a day, and you will be shown just what to do, every step of the way.
All this information sitting just a few clicks away, at a shockingly low price of $9.99.
The Health Of Your Dog Is More Important To Me – 60 Days To Use My Guide With No Risk To You
We both know you need something concrete to use, and fast. So here’s a sincere offer from me: if at anytime you didn’t feel that the Demodectic Mange Guide was useful to you, just send me an e-mail (given to you after your purchase) and I’ll give you a full refund. No questions asked.
To your dog’s health,
Simon
P.S.: The price isn’t going to stay that low for long – I’m already considering an increase due to its popularity, so get it now while you can.
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United States Court of Appeals
Fifth Circuit
F I L E D
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
November 4, 2005
FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT Charles R. Fulbruge III
Clerk
No. 04-30937
LCI SHIPHOLDINGS, INC., for itself and
as the successor-in-interest to FOREST LINES, INC.,
Plaintiff-Counter Defendant-Appellant,
versus
MULLER WEINGARTEN AG, ET AL.,
Defendants,
FRACHT FWO AG,
Defendant-Counter Claimant-Apellee
Appeal from the United States District Court for
the Eastern District of Louisiana
USDC No. 2:03-CV-1396-C
_________________________________________________________
Before REAVLEY, HIGGINBOTHAM and GARZA, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:*
We must consider whether a freight forwarder, who is found liable to an
*
Pursuant to 5TH CIR. R. 47.5, the Court has determined that this opinion should
not be published and is not precedent except under the limited circumstances set forth in
5TH CIR. R. 47.5.4.
1
insurance company in a German court, and satisfies that judgment, has a tort
indemnity claim under general maritime law against a carrier. The district court did
not directly address this issue, but assumed that the freight forwarder had a tort
indemnity claim. Holding that under the facts of this case, the freight forwarder
does not have a tort indemnity claim under general maritime law, we reverse and
remand with instructions.
I.
Muller Weingarten AG (“Muller”) contracted to sell press lines to General
Motors (“GM”). Fracht FWO AG (“Fracht”), a German freight forwarder,1
contracted with Muller to arrange for the shipment and transportation of Muller’s
press lines to GM. Fracht booked passage for the shipment to the United States
with Forest Lines, Inc. (“Forest Lines”), predecessor-in-interest to LCI
Shipholdings, Inc. (“LCI”),2 through Forest Lines’ booking agent, Herfurth & Co.
Shipping GmBH (“Herfurth”). Herfurth issued a datafreight receipt naming Muller
as shipper and Forest Lines as carrier for the presses, which were damaged in
transit.
1
A freight forwarder “arranges for, coordinates, and facilitates cargo
transport, but does not itself transport cargo.” Norfolk S. Ry. Co. v. Kirby, 125
S.Ct. 385, 390 (2004).
2
The carrier is interchangeably referred to as “Forest Lines” or “LCI.”
2
Allianz Versicherungs AG (“Allianz”), an insurance company, provided
coverage to Muller for the cargo damage and paid the claim. As subrogee of
Muller, Allianz sued Fracht in German court, which found, after a trial, that Fracht
was a fixed cost freight forwarder under its contract with Muller, and thus, liable to
Allianz to the same extent as the actual carrier.3 Thereafter, Fracht settled with
Allianz.
Fracht brought the instant suit seeking indemnity against LCI for the amount
it paid Allianz to settle the claim. Fracht claimed that after it satisfied the German
court judgment by paying Allianz, it became vested with two separate and distinct
causes of action: (1) a subrogation claim, and (2) a tort indemnity claim. Fracht
admits that its subrogation claim is subject to the package limitation of the Carriage
of Goods by Sea Act (COGSA), 46 U.S.C. § 1304(5) as set forth in the datafreight
receipt between LCI and Muller. This is so because the subrogee (Fracht) does not
obtain redress in its own right but only as successor to the rights of the subrogor
(Allianz and Muller). In re Admiral Towing & Barge Co., 767 F.2d 243, 250 (5th
3
The status of “fixed cost freight forwarder” is unique to German law and is
not recognized in the United States. Under German law, the fixed cost freight
forwarder performs services at a fixed rate, rather than for a percentage commission
of the freight charged by the actual carrier. German law attributes to the fixed cost
freight forwarder the liabilities of a carrier, rendering the fixed cost freight forwarder
liable whenever the actual carrier would be liable.
3
Cir. 1985). Therefore, Fracht can obtain no greater rights than Allianz and Muller
had, and LCI would be able to invoke the COGSA package limitation against
Allianz and Muller. Id.
However, Fracht argues that its tort indemnity claim is not subject to the
COGSA package limitation. LCI argues that Fracht’s causes of action are identical
and derive from the same source—legal subrogation of Allianz and Muller. Further,
LCI contends that Fracht does not have a separate and independent tort indemnity
claim under general maritime law. In granting Fracht’s motion for summary
judgment and denying LCI’s motion for summary judgment, the district court held
that LCI could not limit its liability under the COGSA package limitation and its
datafreight receipt against Fracht’s tort indemnity claim. However, before the
district court could resolve this issue, it was required to first determine whether
Fracht had a tort indemnity claim under general maritime law. It did not do so, but
assumed that Fracht had a tort indemnity claim under general maritime law. We
begin with that issue.
II.
The availability of common law indemnity under general maritime law is
limited. This Court has outlined three ways in which a valid tort indemnity claim
may arise: (1) when there is an indemnitor and indemnitee relation and consequent
4
duty owed; (2) when there is a significant difference in the indemnitor and
indemnitee’s degree of conduct; and (3) when there is a difference in the character
of the duties owed by the two to the injured party. Cities Serv. Co. v. Lee-Vac,
Ltd., 761 F.2d 238, 240 (5th Cir. 1985) (citing W. PROSSER, THE LAW OF TORTS §
51 (4th ed. 1971)). In addition, in limited circumstances, this Court has recognized
a tort indemnity claim based on the warranty of workmanlike performance
("WWLP") implied in maritime contracts under Ryan Stevedoring Co., Inc. v.
Pan-Atlantic S.S. Corp., 350 U.S. 124, 76 S. Ct. 232, 100 L.Ed. 133 (1956). Fracht
claims that the first and third types of tort indemnity, along with an implied WWLP
are present in this case. We will address each in turn.
A.
The first type of tort indemnity recognized in Cities Service Co. occurs when
there is an indemnitor and indemnitee relation and consequent duty owed. The
Supreme Court illustrated this example in Federal Marine Terminals, Inc. v.
Burnside Shipping Co., Ltd., 394 U.S. 404, 89 S. Ct. 1144, 22 L.Ed.2d 371 (1969).
In Burnside, a stevedoring company brought an indemnity action against a
shipowner to recover compensation that the stevedore was required to pay to the
widow of a longshoreman injured by shipowner’s negligence. The Court held that
federal maritime law imposes on the shipowner a duty of care to longshoremen, and
5
thus, the shipowner’s breach of its duty gave rise to a cause of action by the
stevedore to recover payments made by the stevedore because of the shipowner’s
negligence. Id. at 416-17. In essence, the stevedoring company and the shipowner
had a special relationship and, therefore, the shipowner owed the stevedoring
company a duty of care not to injure any of its longshoremen.
The instant case does not involve a shipowner and stevedore, rather a
shipowner and a freight forwarder, and further, there is no special relationship (or
consequential duty owed therefrom) between Forest Lines, the shipowner and
carrier, and Fracht, the freight forwarder, that can be compared to the shipowner’s
relationship with and duty owed to a stevedoring company. To the contrary, the
damages claimed in this case arise from damage to Muller’s cargo, and any duty
breached by Forest Lines that could have caused the damage was a duty to Muller,
the shipper, not to Fracht, the freight forwarder. Accordingly, Burnside does not
provide a basis for finding tort indemnity in the present case.
B.
The third type of tort indemnity recognized in Cities Service Co. occurs when
there is a difference in the character of duty owed to an injured third party. This is
illustrated by Savoie v. LaFourche Boat Rentals, Inc., 627 F.2d 722, 723-24 (5th
Cir. 1980), wherein this Court held that where a seaman’s employer is required to
6
make maintenance and cure payment to an innocent seaman, because the employer
is bound to do so by the special duty imposed upon it by admiralty law when an
innocent seaman is injured by a third party,4 the otherwise innocent employer is
entitled to indemnification from the negligent third party.
We find that Fracht’s attempt to fit itself under the this type of tort indemnity
is misguided. Tort indemnity based on the indemnitee’s special duty owed to the
injured party is not proper in this case. The payment for which Fracht seeks
indemnification does not arise out of some special duty it owed to Muller.
C.
Finally, Fracht argues that LCI owed it indemnity based upon a claimed
breach of the WWLP. To the extend that WWLP as recognized in Ryan
Stevedoring Co. still exists in this Circuit, it has been questioned, if not wholly
displaced, as the appropriate model for indemnification of cargo damage. Rockwell
Int’l Corp. v. M/V Incotrans Spirit, 998 F.2d 316, 319 (5th Cir. 1993) (“We
4
“A seaman's right to maintenance and cure is implied in the employment
contract between seaman and shipowner. It ‘in no sense is predicated on the fault
or negligence of the shipowner.’ Thus, an owner of a vessel is almost automatically
liable [for maintenance and cure].” Brister v. A.W.I., Inc., 946 F.2d 350, 360 (5th
Cir. 1991) (quoting Aguilar v. Standard Oil Co. of New Jersey, 318 U.S. 724, 730,
63 S. Ct. 930, 934, 87 L.Ed. 1107 (1943)) (internal citations omitted).
7
recognize that Ryan indemnification continues to exist, but are reluctant to expand it
beyond the personal injury/seaworthiness context from which it arose.”) (citation
omitted); Bosnor, S.A. de C.V. v. Tug L.A. Barrios, 796 F.2d 776, 785-86 (5th Cir.
1986) (doubting continued vitality of the Ryan approach outside the personal injury
context); Bass v. Phoenix Seadrill/78, Ltd., 749 F.2d 1154, 1167 (5th Cir. 1985)
(same); Gator Marine Serv. Towing, Inc. v. J. Ray McDermott & Co., 651 F.2d
1096, 1100 (5th Cir. 1981) (same). Because this case is outside the personal
injury/seaworthiness context, we find no basis for the application of the theory of
breach of a WWLP.
III.
It follows that the facts of the present case do not provide any basis for a tort
indemnity claim. Fracht’s only cause of action is for subrogation, which is subject
to the COGSA package limitation. The district court’s grant of Fracht’s motion for
summary judgment is reversed and this case is remanded with instructions to limit
LCI’s liability to Fracht in accordance with the COGSA package limitation.
REVERSED and REMANDED.
8
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Human metapneumovirus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: high-resolution computed tomography findings.
To review the high-resolution computed tomography (CT) findings in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) recipients who had proven human metapneumovirus (HMPV) pneumonia. The study included 5 HCT recipients who had proven HMPV pneumonia. The patients included 4 men and 1 woman ranging in age from 23 to 58 years (mean age = 42 years). The CT scans were assessed for the presence, appearance, size, and distribution of parenchymal abnormalities. Human metapneumovirus was isolated in all 5 patients in this series. None of these patients had any other infectious organism identified in cultures or bronchoalveolar lavage. The predominant CT findings were bilateral abnormalities in all patients, consisting primarily of a mixture of patterns, including, most commonly, ground-glass attenuation and nodular opacities. Areas of ground-glass opacification had no zonal predominance and were bilateral, asymmetric, and patchily distributed. Multiple nodules were identified in 4 (80%) of 5 patients. Nodules were multiple; less than 5 nodules were identified in 1 case, and 5 to 10 nodules were identified in 3 cases. All nodules in all cases were less than 10 mm in diameter. Areas of air-space consolidation were identified in 2 (40%) patients. All patients were available for follow-up; lesions improved in 4 patients. The thin-section CT manifestations of HMPV pneumonia usually consist of a mixture of patterns, including, most commonly, ground-glass attenuation and nodular opacities.
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Michael Fassbender to play role of Kerryman who spearheaded Ireland’s first movie
Michael Fassbender has cemented his position as Hollywood royalty through his roles in “Shame”, “Dangerous Method”, the upcoming “Prometheus” and his various other projects but it seems the Kerryman is home bound to film the story of Ireland’s first full-length feature with sound.
According to reports in the Irish Examiner, Fassbender is set to play the role of the Killarney man, Thomas Cooper who brought the first full-length movie, with sound, to Ireland 75 years ago.
This movie was called “The Dawn” and is described “an Irish melodrama which captured the glamour, romance and tragedy of the War of Independence.”
At the time Cooper was a garage and cinema owner. He also became one of the three writers on the 45-minutes black and white movie. The movie was completed in 1936 and was screened in Dublin, New York and Boston.
Currently the US film distributors is seeking to redistribute the movie while the Irish Film Institute (IFI) has become to re-master it.
Ireland’s Arts and Heritage Minister Jimmy Deenihan is apparently receptive to supporting the idea of a film on Cooper. Recently the minister opened a Dawn Film Trail in Kerry.
Co-incidentally the original script of the movie by DDA Moriarty and Donal Cahill, along with Cooper, was found late last year. The script was typed in black ink by Babs Morris, Cooper’s secretary.
Other artefacts also emerged such as an old camera. These finds will be housed in the state-owned Killarney House, across from the cinema.
Despite the good news that the movie may be having a resurgence, being aired once more and a possible remake with Fassbender the is also technical difficulties surround the old movie footage.
Currently only four copies of the movie are in existence and one of those is held by the British Film Institute.
Meanwhile, a new age dawns for the iconic film, with technical basics having to be addressed with some urgency. Also a screening of the movie last year found that the film was extremely fragile.
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Year: 2009
GSCookie helps in finding buffer overrun cases on the stack and terminates the application when this is detected. In the .NET environment this would happen when calling into a native function when the function overrides the buffer on the stack corrupting the GSCookie put in place. Here is a similar case. I have a sample…
In this article we will be talking about MFC Module state and Thread state , and how do we troubleshoot issues related to Module state mismatch. Why MFC dll does needs a module-specific state? Well reason is MFC is a shared dll, it needs to be shared between various modules (dlls\exe) that are linked with…
Computers are not intuitive; they can predict the future perhaps, but they cannot paint magic doors through the boundaries of traditional logic – at least not yet. Imagine, if you will, a cup-stacking champion during his or her early life. How does one begin stacking cups? Very carefully, as the saying goes. At first, a…
In this blog I am going to talk about Marshal.StructuretoPtr , especially its last parameter fDeleteOld. Although its msdn description is pretty concise but I have seen it to be a source of confusion a lot of times. Following is what it says: fDeleteOld Type: System..::.Booleantrue to have the Marshal..::.DestroyStructure method called on the ptr…
This is one of the interesting scenario in which an unmanaged application built with Non-Microsoft technology was crashing during application shutdown with BOOTUP_EXCEPTION_COMPLUS exception (c0020001). This unmanaged application happened to be using unmanaged dll (built with Microsoft compiler) which in turn used IJW (a.k.a. C++ Interop) to interact with windows forms and create some ActiveX…
1. How do I know which dll/control needs to be rebuilt? Please check the guidelines to understand if your dll/control could be affected or not. Installing the Visual Studio ATL Security patch and rebuilding the binaries alone will not mitigate the vulnerability. You may need to make code changes as given in the document. …
Most of the developers work with CToolBarCtrl but they get stuck when it comes to display chevron button. This article is all about how to get chevron button displayed on CToolBarCtrl control while resizing its content window. There is a good MSDN article on handling chevrons but no good sample implementation on it. I wrote a small…
Internal Mechanism Internally the Visual Studio IDE interacts with editor and the language parsers to create a list of tokens that are updated frequently. In this process the background threads continuously update the Intellisense database. The priority of threads change automatically to make sure that the database is updated as and when user writes the…
Suppose you are calling some native code from your managed code, and you observe an Access Violation crash soon after returning from the native code inside your managed code. if you run the application inside the Visual Studio debugger you will see the following exceptions in the output window if IDE. First-chance exception…
I am back with some more PInvoke Stuff. Recently I was working on a PInvoke issue which I found interesting. I have a C++ dll which has a function whose signature is int TestFunc(IN_STRUCT in_Params, RET_STRUCT * pret_Par). I wanted to call this function from C#. Function has two arguments. First argument is input structure…
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Q:
f:event triggered inside a h:panelGroup with rendered=false
I have f:event inside a h:panelGroup component with rendered="false" attribute. I want that the f:event listener should be triggered only when the block is rendered not otherwise.
My code as follows :
<h:panelGroup rendered="false">
<f:event type="preRenderView" listener="#{listRetriever.retrieveFollowers()}"/>
<ui:repeat value="#{listRetriever.list}" var="person">
#{person}<br/>
</ui:repeat>
</h:panelGroup>
How do I otherwise implement this correctly ?
A:
There is another event to manage component rendering preRenderComponent:
<h:panelGroup rendered="false">
<f:event type="preRenderComponent" listener="#{listRetriever.retrieveFollowers()}"/>
<ui:repeat value="#{listRetriever.list}" var="person">
#{person}<br/>
</ui:repeat>
</h:panelGroup>
preRenderViewEvent is processed just before the entire view is rendered.
preRenderComponentEvent is processed during the view rendering, just before the component which includes <f:event> is rendered.
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By checking this box I accept & agree to the Official Rules and Clayton Homes Privacy Practices & understand that my entry information will be used to contact me and provide me with marketing communications about Clayton Homes products & services.
File in Style Sweepstakes. NO PURCHASE NECESSARY TO ENTER OR WIN. A PURCHASE WILL NOT INCREASE YOUR CHANCES OF WINNING. VOID WHERE PROHIBITED. Legal residents of the 50 U.S. (excl. AK and HI) or D.C. who are 18+ (19 in AL and NE). Begins 1/01/18 at 12:00:01 a.m. EDT, ends 04/30/18 at 11:59:00 p.m. EDT. Visit www.fileinstyle.com to enter and for the Official Rules. Limit 1 entry per person. Sponsor: CMH Homes, Inc. and CMH of KY, Inc., 5000 Clayton Road, Maryville, TN 37804.
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File in Style this tax season, and use your tax refund toward the purchase of a NEW Energy Smart home!
File in Style this tax season, and use your tax refund toward the purchase of a NEW Energy Smart home!
When you choose to buy a Clayton Built® home, you get to move into a brand new home. New countertops, new carpet, new paint, new everything. A place no one has ever lived in but you.
And when you choose a new Energy Smart Home, available exclusively at Clayton Family of Brands retailers, you get multiple energy saving features that not only help you save energy and be a better steward of the environment but also help reduce your energy bills.
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* Starting sales prices are for the home only and do not include delivery, installation or other costs such as taxes, title fees, insurance premiums, filing or recording fees, land or land improvements, optional home features or installation services, wheels and axles, or any other items not shown on your Sales Agreement, Retailer Closing Agreement and related documents (your SA/RCA). Homes starting at under $60,000 with the Energy Smart package will vary by retailer and state. See your local Clayton Family of Brands retailer for selection of homes on sale and complete pricing details.
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1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates generally to hypertonic fluid resuscitation compositions useful for treatment of circulatory and ischemic shock. The composition is a formulation which has particular ratios of sodium acetate/chloride. These formulations provide isochloremic resuscitation and improvements in acid base states which are especially beneficial in cases of large blood loss.
2. Description of Related Art
Circulatory shock is a common life threatening pathophysiological state which occurs secondary to trauma, hemorrhage, burns, sepsis, allergic reactions and heart failure. These different types of circulatory shock are characterized by reduced blood pressure and cardiac output. Furthermore, organ ischemia and inflammation are associated with certain procedures which can result in shock-like microcirculatory abnormalities. Both systemic shock and localized reactions cause a reduction in blood flow and oxygen delivery to vital organs and tissues. This low blood flow condition causes local hypoxia, ischemia, and can lead to loss of cellular and organ function and even death. Accepted definitive treatment for some types of circulatory shock and useful therapy in all types of shock are volume infusions.
The standard of care in initial management of hemorrhagic shock is rapid administration of large volumes of isotonic crystalloid solution, several liters in an adult patient. The preferred fluid is Ringer's lactate, although normal saline or other similar isotonic crystalloid solutions are also used. Recommended continued treatment is based on the observed response to the initial fluid therapy (American College of Surgeons, 1988). As a general rule, guidelines are based on the "three for one" rule. This is based on the long-standing empirical observation that most hemorrhagic shock patients require up to 300 ml of electrolyte solution for each 100 ml of blood lost.
Other isotonic fluid replacement solutions have been used, including isotonic crystalloid solutions mixed with macromolecular solutions of plasma proteins or synthesized molecules with similar oncotic properties (colloids); including albumin, dextran, hetastarch or polygelatin in 0.9% NaCl. Whole blood is also used, but it is expensive, often unavailable, carries some risk of viral infection and cross matching may delay therapy.
Crystalloids and colloids have been used as volume expanders, but generally must be infused in large volume. Such large volumes may cause peripheral and pulmonary edema. Additionally, the large volume requirements of isotonic fluids means that there are time delays and logistic difficulties associated with vascular delivery of effective therapy.
Hyperosmotic crystalloid and hyperosmotic/hyperoncotic (crystalloid/colloid) formulations offer some physiological benefits for the treatment of circulatory shock, including improved efficacy for restoration of overall cardiovascular function in animals and man compared to conventional resuscitation (Cone et al., 1987). Normalization of circulatory function has been obtained with such solutions (Kramer and Holcroft, 1990). Small volumes of salt/concentrated dextran formulations have been shown to rapidly restore and sustain normalization of circulatory function in hemorrhage (Kramer et al., 1986; Velasco et al., 1987). However, there remain some important limitations/side effects.
Small volume resuscitation of hypovolemic hemorrhage shock using 7.5 % NaCl solution (Nakayama et al., 1986; Bitterman et al., 1987; Muir et al., 1987) and a combination of 7.5 % NaCl and 6% Dextran-70 (Kramer et al., 1989 and 1990; Kreimeir et al., 1987, Velasco, et al., 1989) has been extensively studied. These studies have shown that HSD treatment results in a rapid improvement of blood pressure and near normalization of cardiac output, vital organ perfusion and O.sub.2 delivery when administered in volumes of 4-6 ml/kg to animals hemorrhaged 35-50 ml/kg. However, in patients with internal injury, pre-hospital resuscitation before surgical intervention may lead to increased bleeding as rapid rises in blood pressure re-open clotted and tamponaded vascular injuries. This phenomenon in uncontrolled hemorrhage has been demonstrated in different animals models in which mortality was increased subsequent to resuscitating with small volumes of HSD or large volumes of LRS (Bickell et al., 1991; Gross et al., 1988). The possibility that aggressive pre-hospital field resuscitation is more harmful than helpful has motivated recent trials in which all volume support is delayed until the start of surgery (Mattox et al. 1992).
In a recent examination of patients treated with either 7.5 % NaCl or LRS in the emergency room, no untoward effects on bleeding, neurological outcome, or cross-matching of blood were found, and there were no incidents of central pontine myelinosis (Vassar et al. 1990). There was, however, a significant hyperchloremic acidosis in 8 out of the 58 patients given HSD. While the acidemia in this study was attributed to the patients' pre-existing morbidity, a rapid decrease of pH in an already acidotic shock state could result in cardiac dysfunction (Onarheim et al., 1990; Walsch et al., 1991). Additionally, it was consistently found that a 4-6 ml/kg infusion of HSD in shocked animals was followed by an immediate decrease in pH of nearly 0.1 pH units (Kramer et al., 1986).
Hypertonic saline infusions in shocked animals and patients have been shown to cause an initial acidosis and hypokalemia. Treatment with hypertonic saline can also lead to a hyperchloremic acidosis, possibly due to excessive chloride load. Some isotonic Ringers solutions and mildly hypertonic formulations mimic sodium and chloride concentration ratios found in plasma and are thought to decrease the likelihood of acidosis (Fox, 1976). Circulatory shock is often associated with an acidosis and thus increased acidotic insult may be deleterious.
Although hypertonic saline rapidly improves both blood pressure and cardiac output, these beneficial effects may be overshadowed by deleterious effects from increased blood pressure. Uncontrolled internal bleeding in trauma patients may be aggravated by increased pressure, leading to increased bleeding. Return of normal blood pressure resulting in increased bleeding due to arterial pressure increase may lead to increased mortality over no treatment. Therefore, ideal pre-hospital resuscitation would increase cardiac output but only modestly increase blood pressure.
Another aspect of resuscitation fluids is their use under less than ideal (non hospital) conditions. Logistic restraints may severely curtail transportation of weighty or voluminous material. In battlefield situations it may be impractical to administer large volumes, yet there is a critical need to rapidly restore oxygen delivery to critical organs and to prevent or reverse the effects of traumatic shock.
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A simplified use of septal extension graft to control nasal tip location.
For defining the shape and projection of the nasal tip, the bilateral and symmetric batten-type septal extension grafts proposed by Byrd and colleagues have drawbacks. The main problems are stiffness of the nasal tip and thickening of the septum in the nasal valve area. Since 1998, unilateral single-batten grafts, and more frequently, bilateral asymmetric batten grafts as compared with Byrd's bilateral symmetric application, have been used for 72 patients in our facility. At the 6-month postoperative follow-up assessment, tip projection was found to be satisfactory in 61 patients. Less than desired projection occurred in three cases and overprojection in two cases. Nasal lobule deviation was evident in one patient. The loss of the columellar break point was evident in five cases. Unilateral or asymmetric bilateral batten grafts facilitate adjustment of the nasal tip intraoperatively. This technique results in a more pliable nasal tip in the horizontal plane. Construction of a three-layered cartilage in the nasal valve area is not needed, and the nasal airway is preserved. With this modification, a reliable and predictable nasal tip location is obtained with a minimum of graft usage.
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Q:
How to debug and fix this?
In this JSFiddle
http://jsfiddle.net/littlesandra88/mzPxN/
am I trying to use the tablesorter plugin to sort the columns.
Problem
Clicking on 'N' sorts the number column just fine.
Clicking on 'Signed' also sorts the checkbox column fine, but if you un-check one of the check boxes, they are not sorted correctly any longer.
The trick seams to be to add 0 and 1 when the checkbox is clicked using this
<td>
<span class="hidden">1</span>
<input type="checkbox" name="x" value="y">
</td>
and
$(document).ready(function() {
$('#tableid input').click(function() {
var order = this.checked ? '1' : '0';
$(this).prev().html(order);
})
})
and using this as sorting algorithm
ts.addParser({
id: 'input',
is: function(s) {
return s.toLowerCase().match(/<input[^>]*checkbox[^>]*/i); ;
},
format: function(s) {
var integer = 0;
if (s.toLowerCase().match(/<input[^>]*checked*/i)) {
integer = 1;
}
return integer;
},
type: "numeric"
});
But I am getting the error not well formed.
Have I implemented it correctly html and JQuery wise?
And if so, how do I debug and fix it?
A:
you don't need to have a fancy formatter or anything:
see my edit of your fiddle:
http://jsfiddle.net/CgMZ9/
put the span before the checkboxes :)
by default, it will look at whatever text comes first in the field, which is going to be your 0 or 1, and sort on that :)
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Shredding
Small Business
As a small business you accumulate confidential information as large businesses, but your needs are different. You may only require shredding annually, every six months or maybe once every few years. Are you accumulating paper and would like to dispose of it in the safest and secure method?
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Is your volume of documentation taking over your office space? Are you doing a year end clean out? Give us a call and we will schedule a onetime pickup of your documents. You will have the option to give us the documentation where we will shred it at our location, or have the shredding truck sent directly to your address.
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Q:
Which integration rule is applied here?
i have a derivation of a physical equation, where there is an equation
$$\int mv \gamma \,\textrm{d}v = \frac{m}{2}\int \gamma \, \textrm{d}(v^2)$$
Q1: How did we derive right side from left one? Could anyone explain this step by step or provide me with names of the integration rules applied here so i can google it myself.
A:
This follows directly from
$$\int A f(x)\, \text dx= A\int f(x)\, \text dx$$
and a substitution.
A:
$$
\frac{dv^2}{dv}=2v \Rightarrow \frac{dv^2}2=vdv
$$
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GREENE: The group of seven most industrialized nations are urging oil producing countries to ramp up production. In a statement yesterday, the so-called G-7 nations warned of the risks, quote, "posed by elevated oil prices." Demand for gasoline usually starts to wane at the end of the summer but right now gasoline prices are hitting new highs. Oil prices are surging because of tensions with Iran and the ongoing concern about Hurricane Isaac.
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Airway clearance in COPD: need for a breath of fresh air? A systematic review.
Airway clearance is a key component of respiratory physiotherapy management for patients with excess secretions, including patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this review is to give an overview of the available evidence for the use of different airway clearance techniques (ACT) and their effects in patients with COPD. A systematic literature search was performed on CEBAM, PUBMED, Cochrane CT, Science Direct and Biomed central data bases. After screening, a total of 26 articles were included. Studies that provide solid evidence of the effectiveness of different airway clearance techniques in patients with COPD are rather scarce. The available evidence indicates that active breathing techniques, such as active cycle of breathing techniques, autogenic drainage and forced expiration, can be effective in the treatment of COPD. The evidence for passive techniques such as postural drainage and percussion is low. Supporting techniques such as intrapulmonary percussive ventilation, positive expiratory pressure and non-invasive ventilation have little evidence because of the small number of studies. Little evidence is found for the combined use of active techniques and supporting techniques such as (oscillating) positive expiratory pressure, postural drainage and vibration in COPD patients. There is clearly a need for well-powered controlled clinical trials on the long-term effects of (combined) airway clearance techniques in COPD.
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Q:
Showing an Isometry between normed space.
Question:
Show that a linear map $A:V\rightarrow W$ between Normed spaces is an Isometry IFF $\left \| A\left ( \vec{v} \right ) \right \|=\left \| \vec{v} \right \|$.
Let A be a linear map and an Isometry.
Because A is an Isometry,
we have that $\forall \vec{v_{1}},\vec{v_{2}}$:
$d_{v}\left ( \vec{v_{1},\vec{v_{2}}} \right )=d_{w}\left ( A\left ( \vec{v_{1}} \right ),A\left ( \vec{v_{2}} \right ) \right )=\left | A\left ( v_{1} \right )-A\left ( \vec{v_{2}} \right ) \right |=\left | \vec{v_{1}}-\vec{v_{2}} \right |$
But V is a normed space so
$\left | \left \| A\left ( \vec{v_{1}} \right )-A\left ( \vec{v_{2}} \right ) \right \| \right |=\left | \left \| \vec{v_{1}} \right \| -\left \| \vec{v_{2}} \right \|\right |$.
Hence, $\left \| A\left ( \vec{v_{1}} \right ) \right \|=\left \| \vec{v_{1}} \right \|$.
Does this look correct thus far? I'm not exactly too sure.
Any input will be appreciated.
Thanks in advance.
A:
I don't understand the last two sentences of the proof. It seems that you made a leap at that point. But you are already half there:
As you noticed, $A$ is an isometry if and only if $\|Ax-Ay\|=\|x-y\|$, for every $x,y\in V$. By the linearity of $A$, this is the case if and only if $\|A(x- y)\|=\|x-y\|$, for every $x,y\in V$. Now you need to set $w=x-y$ and you are done.
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Evaluation of a revised U.S. Food and Drug Administration method for the detection of Cronobacter in powdered infant formula: a collaborative study.
A revised U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) method for the isolation and detection of Cronobacter from powdered infant formula was recently developed, which combines real-time PCR, chromogenic agars, and RAPID ID 32E biochemical tests. This method provides an expedient analysis within 24 to 48 h. A collaborative validation study involving four different laboratories was conducted to compare the revised FDA method with the reference FDA method using casein- and soy-based powdered infant formula inoculated with different Cronobacter strains. Valid results from 216 test portions and controls from collaborating laboratories were obtained and showed that the revised FDA method performed significantly better than the reference FDA method. Newly revised PCR protocols and VITEK 2 were also evaluated to be integrated into the complete detection procedure.
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