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q20 | unknown | 1 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. | 4,459 | NO | An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. | Is enough information given in this passage to say that the Jewish population in the area before these events took place was close to, but not quite, 650,000? | 375 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. Nobody knows how many of the residents became slaves, in percentage terms. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. |
q30 | unknown | 1 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. | 4,460 | YES | An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. | If accounting records were to be unearthed that revealed just how many Jewish slaves were taken after these events, would this figure satisfy an unanswered question of modern-day historians? | 375 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. Nobody knows how many of the residents became slaves, in percentage terms. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. |
q10 | unknown | 2 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. | 4,461 | YES | An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. | While looking at the results of this battle, one might say that the villages and the Jewish population were decimated, due to the common misconception that "decimate" means to utterly destroy, when it actually means to reduce a population by 10%. From the estimates given, if any, can you say with reasonable confidence that actually the opposite occurred, and 10% remained alive? | 375 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. The population proportion that was enslaved was given as no more than 10% by Cassius Dio, but to historians, it is unknown whether this figure can be fully trusted. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. |
q20 | unknown | 2 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. | 4,462 | YES | An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. | Is enough information given in this passage to say that the Jewish population in the area before these events took place was close to, but not quite, 650,000? | 375 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. The population proportion that was enslaved was given as no more than 10% by Cassius Dio, but to historians, it is unknown whether this figure can be fully trusted. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. |
q30 | unknown | 2 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. | 4,463 | YES | An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. | If accounting records were to be unearthed that revealed just how many Jewish slaves were taken after these events, would this figure satisfy an unanswered question of modern-day historians? | 375 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. The population proportion that was enslaved was given as no more than 10% by Cassius Dio, but to historians, it is unknown whether this figure can be fully trusted. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. |
q10 | unknown | 3 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. | 4,464 | YES | An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. | While looking at the results of this battle, one might say that the villages and the Jewish population were decimated, due to the common misconception that "decimate" means to utterly destroy, when it actually means to reduce a population by 10%. From the estimates given, if any, can you say with reasonable confidence that actually the opposite occurred, and 10% remained alive? | 375 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. Using primary documents, historians have been able to confirm Dio's estimates that no more than one in ten residents were enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. |
q20 | unknown | 3 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. | 4,465 | YES | An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. | Is enough information given in this passage to say that the Jewish population in the area before these events took place was close to, but not quite, 650,000? | 375 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. Using primary documents, historians have been able to confirm Dio's estimates that no more than one in ten residents were enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. |
q30 | unknown | 3 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. | 4,466 | NO | An unknown proportion of the population was enslaved. | If accounting records were to be unearthed that revealed just how many Jewish slaves were taken after these events, would this figure satisfy an unanswered question of modern-day historians? | 375 | Given the fragmentary nature of the existing evidence, it is impossible to ascertain an exact date for the beginning of the uprising, but it is probable that it began in-between summer and fall 132. The Romans were overwhelmed by the organised ferocity of the uprising. Hadrian called his general Sextus Julius Severus from Britain, and brought troops in from as far as the Danube. Roman losses were heavy; an entire legion or its numeric equivalent of around 4,000. Hadrian's report on the war to the Roman Senate omitted the customary salutation, "If you and your children are in health, it is well; I and the legions are in health." The rebellion was quashed by 135. According to Cassius Dio, Roman war operations in Judea left some 580,000 Jews dead, and 50 fortified towns and 985 villages razed. Using primary documents, historians have been able to confirm Dio's estimates that no more than one in ten residents were enslaved. Beitar, a fortified city southwest of Jerusalem, fell after a three and a half year siege. The extent of punitive measures against the Jewish population remains a matter of debate. |
q10 | inadvertently | 0 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,467 | NO | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | Could the opposition party use Clapper's statement to claim that the NSA is intentionally spying on Americans? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q20 | inadvertently | 0 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,468 | NO | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | If Clapper's statement is true, would the NSA follow up on any information they gathered on American citizens? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q30 | inadvertently | 0 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,469 | YES | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | If Clapper's statement is true, would the NSA avoid tapping into a cellphone line of an American citizen who is talking to another American citizen? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q10 | inadvertently | 1 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,470 | NO | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | Could the opposition party use Clapper's statement to claim that the NSA is intentionally spying on Americans? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could accidentally perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q20 | inadvertently | 1 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,471 | NO | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | If Clapper's statement is true, would the NSA follow up on any information they gathered on American citizens? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could accidentally perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q30 | inadvertently | 1 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,472 | YES | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | If Clapper's statement is true, would the NSA avoid tapping into a cellphone line of an American citizen who is talking to another American citizen? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could accidentally perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q10 | inadvertently | 2 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,473 | YES | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | Could the opposition party use Clapper's statement to claim that the NSA is intentionally spying on Americans? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "Yes, sir.... wittingly. There are cases where they could perhaps wittingly collect, but not inadvertently ." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q20 | inadvertently | 2 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,474 | YES | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | If Clapper's statement is true, would the NSA follow up on any information they gathered on American citizens? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "Yes, sir.... wittingly. There are cases where they could perhaps wittingly collect, but not inadvertently ." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q30 | inadvertently | 2 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,475 | NO | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | If Clapper's statement is true, would the NSA avoid tapping into a cellphone line of an American citizen who is talking to another American citizen? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "Yes, sir.... wittingly. There are cases where they could perhaps wittingly collect, but not inadvertently ." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q10 | inadvertently | 3 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,476 | YES | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | Could the opposition party use Clapper's statement to claim that the NSA is intentionally spying on Americans? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "Maybe, sir.... even wittingly. There are cases where they could perhaps collect wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q20 | inadvertently | 3 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,477 | DON'T KNOW | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | If Clapper's statement is true, would the NSA follow up on any information they gathered on American citizens? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "Maybe, sir.... even wittingly. There are cases where they could perhaps collect wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q30 | inadvertently | 3 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "No, sir.... Not wittingly. There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." | 4,478 | NO | There are cases where they could inadvertently perhaps collect, but not wittingly." | If Clapper's statement is true, would the NSA avoid tapping into a cellphone line of an American citizen who is talking to another American citizen? | 376 | At a March 2013 Senate Intelligence Committee hearing, Senator Ron Wyden asked Director of National Intelligence James Clapper, "does the NSA collect any type of data at all on millions or hundreds of millions of Americans?" Clapper replied "Maybe, sir.... even wittingly. There are cases where they could perhaps collect wittingly." This statement came under scrutiny months later, in June 2013, details of the PRISM surveillance program were published, showing that "the NSA apparently can gain access to the servers of nine Internet companies for a wide range of digital data." Wyden said that Clapper had failed to give a "straight answer" in his testimony. Clapper, in response to criticism, said, "I responded in what I thought was the most truthful, or least untruthful manner." Clapper added, "There are honest differences on the semantics of what -- when someone says ‘collection’ to me, that has a specific meaning, which may have a different meaning to him." |
q10 | uncommon | 0 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,479 | YES | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | In addition to the terrible conditions, is it reasonable to conclude that police forces in China at this time used both the threat of and the occurrence of torture as a deterrent to crime? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. |
q20 | uncommon | 0 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,480 | NO | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | Does it sound like the Chinese authorities were aiming to maintain plausible deniability for any harm that occurred in their prisons, by trying to ensure that any acts of violence could be attributed to prisoners rather than guards? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. |
q30 | uncommon | 0 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,481 | NO | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | Twenty years later, is it possible that Chinese authorities could try to claim the moral high ground when criticized for their treatment of Tiananmen sympathizers by pointing to the fact that their country did not embark upon widespread use of the kinds of enhanced interrogations that America's CIA later infamously used? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. |
q10 | uncommon | 1 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,482 | YES | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | In addition to the terrible conditions, is it reasonable to conclude that police forces in China at this time used both the threat of and the occurrence of torture as a deterrent to crime? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Political dissidents were often housed in the same cells as violent murderers and rapists, and torture was known to occur relatively frequently. |
q20 | uncommon | 1 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,483 | NO | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | Does it sound like the Chinese authorities were aiming to maintain plausible deniability for any harm that occurred in their prisons, by trying to ensure that any acts of violence could be attributed to prisoners rather than guards? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Political dissidents were often housed in the same cells as violent murderers and rapists, and torture was known to occur relatively frequently. |
q30 | uncommon | 1 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,484 | NO | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | Twenty years later, is it possible that Chinese authorities could try to claim the moral high ground when criticized for their treatment of Tiananmen sympathizers by pointing to the fact that their country did not embark upon widespread use of the kinds of enhanced interrogations that America's CIA later infamously used? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Political dissidents were often housed in the same cells as violent murderers and rapists, and torture was known to occur relatively frequently. |
q10 | uncommon | 2 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,485 | NO | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | In addition to the terrible conditions, is it reasonable to conclude that police forces in China at this time used both the threat of and the occurrence of torture as a deterrent to crime? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, though torture was known to be highly uncommon. |
q20 | uncommon | 2 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,486 | YES | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | Does it sound like the Chinese authorities were aiming to maintain plausible deniability for any harm that occurred in their prisons, by trying to ensure that any acts of violence could be attributed to prisoners rather than guards? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, though torture was known to be highly uncommon. |
q30 | uncommon | 2 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,487 | YES | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | Twenty years later, is it possible that Chinese authorities could try to claim the moral high ground when criticized for their treatment of Tiananmen sympathizers by pointing to the fact that their country did not embark upon widespread use of the kinds of enhanced interrogations that America's CIA later infamously used? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, though torture was known to be highly uncommon. |
q10 | uncommon | 3 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,488 | NO | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | In addition to the terrible conditions, is it reasonable to conclude that police forces in China at this time used both the threat of and the occurrence of torture as a deterrent to crime? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, though torture during interrogations was practically unheard of. |
q20 | uncommon | 3 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,489 | YES | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | Does it sound like the Chinese authorities were aiming to maintain plausible deniability for any harm that occurred in their prisons, by trying to ensure that any acts of violence could be attributed to prisoners rather than guards? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, though torture during interrogations was practically unheard of. |
q30 | uncommon | 3 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | 4,490 | YES | Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, and torture was not uncommon. | Twenty years later, is it possible that Chinese authorities could try to claim the moral high ground when criticized for their treatment of Tiananmen sympathizers by pointing to the fact that their country did not embark upon widespread use of the kinds of enhanced interrogations that America's CIA later infamously used? | 377 | Bao Tong, Zhao Ziyang's aide, was the highest-ranking official to be formally charged with a crime connected with 1989 demonstrations. He was convicted in 1992 of "revealing state secrets and counter-revolutionary propagandizing" and served seven years in prison. To purge sympathizers of Tiananmen demonstrators from among the party's rank-and-file, the party leadership initiated a one-and-a-half-year-long rectification program to "deal strictly with those inside the party with serious tendencies toward bourgeois liberalization". Four million people were reportedly investigated for their role in the protests. More than 30,000 Communist officers were deployed to assess the "political reliability" of more than one million government officials. The authorities arrested tens if not hundreds of thousands of people across the country. Some were seized in broad daylight while they walked in the street; others were arrested at night. Many were jailed or sent to labor camps. They were often denied access to see their families and often put in cells so crowded that not everyone had space to sleep. Dissidents shared cells with murderers and rapists, though torture during interrogations was practically unheard of. |
q10 | unprecedented | 0 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,491 | NO | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | Given the facts presented in this passage, could you say it was possible that one or more movies released prior to 1959 (such as Citizen Kane, or Gone with the Wind) had each won more than ten Academy Awards? | 378 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q20 | unprecedented | 0 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,492 | NO | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | If you had heard, and fully believed, that West Side Story had won 11 Oscars, would this passage cause you to conclude that the musical could have been released prior to 1959? | 378 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q30 | unprecedented | 0 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,493 | YES | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | If a contemporary reader already knew that Return of the King, Titanic, and West Side Story had each won double-digit numbers of Academy Awards, would reading this passage allow them to conclude that perhaps they could count the total number of films that share that honor using the fingers of one hand? | 378 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q10 | unprecedented | 1 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,494 | NO | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | Given the facts presented in this passage, could you say it was possible that one or more movies released prior to 1959 (such as Citizen Kane, or Gone with the Wind) had each won more than ten Academy Awards? | 378 | Charlton Heston agreed to star in 1959's "Ben-Hur," though he wasn't the first choice--Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson had all declined the titular character's role--and he went on to win an Oscar, with the film also winning another 10, which was a record at the time. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q20 | unprecedented | 1 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,495 | NO | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | If you had heard, and fully believed, that West Side Story had won 11 Oscars, would this passage cause you to conclude that the musical could have been released prior to 1959? | 378 | Charlton Heston agreed to star in 1959's "Ben-Hur," though he wasn't the first choice--Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson had all declined the titular character's role--and he went on to win an Oscar, with the film also winning another 10, which was a record at the time. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q30 | unprecedented | 1 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,496 | YES | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | If a contemporary reader already knew that Return of the King, Titanic, and West Side Story had each won double-digit numbers of Academy Awards, would reading this passage allow them to conclude that perhaps they could count the total number of films that share that honor using the fingers of one hand? | 378 | Charlton Heston agreed to star in 1959's "Ben-Hur," though he wasn't the first choice--Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson had all declined the titular character's role--and he went on to win an Oscar, with the film also winning another 10, which was a record at the time. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q10 | unprecedented | 2 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,497 | YES | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | Given the facts presented in this passage, could you say it was possible that one or more movies released prior to 1959 (such as Citizen Kane, or Gone with the Wind) had each won more than ten Academy Awards? | 378 | After an unprecedented number of actors (including Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson) all turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the part, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the impressive, though not record-breaking, 10 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q20 | unprecedented | 2 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,498 | YES | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | If you had heard, and fully believed, that West Side Story had won 11 Oscars, would this passage cause you to conclude that the musical could have been released prior to 1959? | 378 | After an unprecedented number of actors (including Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson) all turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the part, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the impressive, though not record-breaking, 10 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q30 | unprecedented | 2 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,499 | YES | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | If a contemporary reader already knew that Return of the King, Titanic, and West Side Story had each won double-digit numbers of Academy Awards, would reading this passage allow them to conclude that perhaps they could count the total number of films that share that honor using the fingers of one hand? | 378 | After an unprecedented number of actors (including Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson) all turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the part, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the impressive, though not record-breaking, 10 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q10 | unprecedented | 3 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,500 | YES | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | Given the facts presented in this passage, could you say it was possible that one or more movies released prior to 1959 (such as Citizen Kane, or Gone with the Wind) had each won more than ten Academy Awards? | 378 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the 10 Oscars the film earned, putting it in third place for Oscar wins at that time. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q20 | unprecedented | 3 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,501 | YES | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | If you had heard, and fully believed, that West Side Story had won 11 Oscars, would this passage cause you to conclude that the musical could have been released prior to 1959? | 378 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the 10 Oscars the film earned, putting it in third place for Oscar wins at that time. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q30 | unprecedented | 3 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. | 4,502 | NO | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the unprecedented 11 Oscars the film earned. | If a contemporary reader already knew that Return of the King, Titanic, and West Side Story had each won double-digit numbers of Academy Awards, would reading this passage allow them to conclude that perhaps they could count the total number of films that share that honor using the fingers of one hand? | 378 | After Marlon Brando, Burt Lancaster, and Rock Hudson turned down the title role in "Ben-Hur" (1959), Heston accepted the role, winning the Academy Award for Best Actor, one of the 10 Oscars the film earned, putting it in third place for Oscar wins at that time. After Moses and "Ben-Hur", Heston became more identified with Biblical epics than any other actor. He later voiced Ben-Hur in an animated television production of the Lew Wallace novel in 2003. |
q10 | unpowered | 0 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,503 | NO | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | Given the relatively light armament on the Inverlyon, does it sound like the maximum engine size that could be fit into such a vessel was a limiting factor on how much firepower she could wield? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q20 | unpowered | 0 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,504 | YES | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | Although Inverlyon was successful in this mission, could it have turned out differently depending on the way the wind blew that day? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q30 | unpowered | 0 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,505 | NO | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | If Inverlyon found herself in the literal doldrums during a mission, could her commander have made a timely escape without assistance from any other craft? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q10 | unpowered | 1 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,506 | NO | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | Given the relatively light armament on the Inverlyon, does it sound like the maximum engine size that could be fit into such a vessel was a limiting factor on how much firepower she could wield? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. The "Inverlyon" was a sailing vessel, without any engines, to which a small 47-mm gun was fitted which could fire a 3-pound round. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q20 | unpowered | 1 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,507 | YES | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | Although Inverlyon was successful in this mission, could it have turned out differently depending on the way the wind blew that day? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. The "Inverlyon" was a sailing vessel, without any engines, to which a small 47-mm gun was fitted which could fire a 3-pound round. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q30 | unpowered | 1 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,508 | NO | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | If Inverlyon found herself in the literal doldrums during a mission, could her commander have made a timely escape without assistance from any other craft? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. The "Inverlyon" was a sailing vessel, without any engines, to which a small 47-mm gun was fitted which could fire a 3-pound round. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q10 | unpowered | 2 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,509 | YES | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | Given the relatively light armament on the Inverlyon, does it sound like the maximum engine size that could be fit into such a vessel was a limiting factor on how much firepower she could wield? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed a U-Boat near Great Yarmouth. Although made to look like an unpowered sailing ship, the "Inverlyon" was retrofitted with a diesel engine and a small 47-mm, 3-pounder gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q20 | unpowered | 2 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,510 | NO | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | Although Inverlyon was successful in this mission, could it have turned out differently depending on the way the wind blew that day? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed a U-Boat near Great Yarmouth. Although made to look like an unpowered sailing ship, the "Inverlyon" was retrofitted with a diesel engine and a small 47-mm, 3-pounder gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q30 | unpowered | 2 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,511 | YES | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | If Inverlyon found herself in the literal doldrums during a mission, could her commander have made a timely escape without assistance from any other craft? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed a U-Boat near Great Yarmouth. Although made to look like an unpowered sailing ship, the "Inverlyon" was retrofitted with a diesel engine and a small 47-mm, 3-pounder gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q10 | unpowered | 3 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,512 | YES | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | Given the relatively light armament on the Inverlyon, does it sound like the maximum engine size that could be fit into such a vessel was a limiting factor on how much firepower she could wield? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed a U-Boat near Great Yarmouth. Inverlyon's small diesel engine had been upgraded for better performance, and she was fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q20 | unpowered | 3 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,513 | NO | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | Although Inverlyon was successful in this mission, could it have turned out differently depending on the way the wind blew that day? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed a U-Boat near Great Yarmouth. Inverlyon's small diesel engine had been upgraded for better performance, and she was fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q30 | unpowered | 3 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed near Great Yarmouth. "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. | 4,514 | YES | "Inverlyon" was an unpowered sailing ship fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. | If Inverlyon found herself in the literal doldrums during a mission, could her commander have made a timely escape without assistance from any other craft? | 379 | The first Q-ship victory was on 23 June 1915, when the submarine HMS "C24", cooperating with the decoy vessel "Taranaki", commanded by Lieutenant Frederick Henry Taylor CBE DSC RN, sank "U-40" off Eyemouth. The first victory by an unassisted Q-ship came on 24 July 1915 when "Prince Charles", commanded by Lieutenant Mark-Wardlaw, DSO, sank "U-36". The civilian crew of "Prince Charles" received a cash award. The following month an even smaller converted fishing trawler renamed HM Armed Smack "Inverlyon" successfully destroyed a U-Boat near Great Yarmouth. Inverlyon's small diesel engine had been upgraded for better performance, and she was fitted with a small 3 pounder (47 mm) gun. The British crew fired nine rounds from their 3-pounder into "UB-4" at close range, sinking her with the loss of all hands despite the attempt of "Inverlyon"s skipper to rescue one surviving German submariner. |
q10 | unwilling | 0 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,515 | NO | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | After the September 28, 1951 message, is it likely that Truman thought the United States had time to make a decision regarding the waterway? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q20 | unwilling | 0 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,516 | NO | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | Was Truman probably shocked by the Canadian Parliament's authorization of the waterway on December 21? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q30 | unwilling | 0 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,517 | NO | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | Is there any indication that St. Laurent was misrepresenting Canada's willingness to cooperate with the United States on the waterway? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q10 | unwilling | 1 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,518 | NO | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | After the September 28, 1951 message, is it likely that Truman thought the United States had time to make a decision regarding the waterway? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was reluctant to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q20 | unwilling | 1 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,519 | NO | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | Was Truman probably shocked by the Canadian Parliament's authorization of the waterway on December 21? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was reluctant to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q30 | unwilling | 1 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,520 | NO | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | Is there any indication that St. Laurent was misrepresenting Canada's willingness to cooperate with the United States on the waterway? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was reluctant to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q10 | unwilling | 2 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,521 | YES | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | After the September 28, 1951 message, is it likely that Truman thought the United States had time to make a decision regarding the waterway? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada wanted to wait for the United States and would be unwilling to build a seaway alone; however, the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q20 | unwilling | 2 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,522 | YES | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | Was Truman probably shocked by the Canadian Parliament's authorization of the waterway on December 21? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada wanted to wait for the United States and would be unwilling to build a seaway alone; however, the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q30 | unwilling | 2 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,523 | YES | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | Is there any indication that St. Laurent was misrepresenting Canada's willingness to cooperate with the United States on the waterway? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada wanted to wait for the United States and would be unwilling to build a seaway alone; however, the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q10 | unwilling | 3 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,524 | YES | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | After the September 28, 1951 message, is it likely that Truman thought the United States had time to make a decision regarding the waterway? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada preferred to wait for the United States, but would build a seaway alone if necessary; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q20 | unwilling | 3 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,525 | NO | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | Was Truman probably shocked by the Canadian Parliament's authorization of the waterway on December 21? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada preferred to wait for the United States, but would build a seaway alone if necessary; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q30 | unwilling | 3 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) | 4,526 | NO | Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada was unwilling to wait for the United States and would build a seaway alone; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. | Is there any indication that St. Laurent was misrepresenting Canada's willingness to cooperate with the United States on the waterway? | 380 | After 1945, proposals to introduce tolls to the seaway were not sufficient to gain support for the project by the U.S. Congress. Growing impatient, and with Ontario desperate for the power to be generated by hydroelectricity, Canada began to consider developing the project alone. This seized the imagination of Canadians, engendering a groundswell of nationalism around the St. Lawrence. Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent advised U.S. President Harry S. Truman on September 28, 1951, that Canada preferred to wait for the United States, but would build a seaway alone if necessary; the Canadian Parliament authorized the founding of the St. Lawrence Seaway Authority on December 21 of that year. Fueled by this support, Saint Laurent's administration decided during 1951 and 1952 to construct the waterway alone, combined with the Moses-Saunders Power Dam. (This became the joint responsibility of Ontario and New York: as a hydropower dam would change the water levels, it required bilateral cooperation.) |
q10 | oppose | 0 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,527 | NO | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the devil and humans get along? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q20 | oppose | 0 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,528 | YES | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the Ophites believe the devil and his demons were frustrating humans? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q30 | oppose | 0 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,529 | YES | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the humans want the devil to be stuck in Hell? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q10 | oppose | 1 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,530 | NO | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the devil and humans get along? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites asserted that the devil and his demons were constantly fighting against and frustrating humans, due to their reports that banished the devil to Hell. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q20 | oppose | 1 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,531 | YES | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the Ophites believe the devil and his demons were frustrating humans? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites asserted that the devil and his demons were constantly fighting against and frustrating humans, due to their reports that banished the devil to Hell. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q30 | oppose | 1 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,532 | YES | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the humans want the devil to be stuck in Hell? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites asserted that the devil and his demons were constantly fighting against and frustrating humans, due to their reports that banished the devil to Hell. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q10 | oppose | 2 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,533 | NO | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the devil and humans get along? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites would always oppose the assertion that the devil and his demons were constantly frustrating humans, due to their reports that banished the devil to Hell. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q20 | oppose | 2 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,534 | NO | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the Ophites believe the devil and his demons were frustrating humans? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites would always oppose the assertion that the devil and his demons were constantly frustrating humans, due to their reports that banished the devil to Hell. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q30 | oppose | 2 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,535 | YES | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the humans want the devil to be stuck in Hell? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites would always oppose the assertion that the devil and his demons were constantly frustrating humans, due to their reports that banished the devil to Hell. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q10 | oppose | 3 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,536 | YES | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the devil and humans get along? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites asserted that the devil and his demons were friendly and cooperative with humans, due to their reports that appeared to oppose the devil being banished to Hell. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q20 | oppose | 3 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,537 | NO | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the Ophites believe the devil and his demons were frustrating humans? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites asserted that the devil and his demons were friendly and cooperative with humans, due to their reports that appeared to oppose the devil being banished to Hell. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q30 | oppose | 3 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. | 4,538 | NO | The Ophites held that he and his demons constantly oppose and thwart the human race, as it was on their account the devil was cast down into this world. | Did the humans want the devil to be stuck in Hell? | 381 | Opinions on the devil, and his relationship to the Demiurge, varied. The Ophites asserted that the devil and his demons were friendly and cooperative with humans, due to their reports that appeared to oppose the devil being banished to Hell. According to one variant of the Valentinian system, the Demiurge is also the maker, out of the appropriate substance, of an order of "spiritual" beings, the devil, the prince of this world, and his angels. But the devil, as being a "spirit" of wickedness, is able to recognise the higher spiritual world, of which his maker the Demiurge, who is only animal, has no real knowledge. The devil resides in this lower world, of which he is the prince, the Demiurge in the heavens; his mother Sophia in the middle region, above the heavens and below the Pleroma. |
q10 | no | 0 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,539 | NO | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Would Americans have supported Kissinger's stance on deploying American forces in the Middle East? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q20 | no | 0 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,540 | NO | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Would Kissinger's strategy in the Middle East have affected American troops directly? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q30 | no | 0 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,541 | NO | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Is it likely that a majority of American politicians would have supported sending troops to the Middle East? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q10 | no | 1 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,542 | NO | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Would Americans have supported Kissinger's stance on deploying American forces in the Middle East? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was zero possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q20 | no | 1 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,543 | NO | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Would Kissinger's strategy in the Middle East have affected American troops directly? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was zero possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q30 | no | 1 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,544 | NO | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Is it likely that a majority of American politicians would have supported sending troops to the Middle East? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was zero possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q10 | no | 2 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,545 | DON'T KNOW | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Would Americans have supported Kissinger's stance on deploying American forces in the Middle East? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was little possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East as no one in Washington was willing to suggest it, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q20 | no | 2 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,546 | DON'T KNOW | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Would Kissinger's strategy in the Middle East have affected American troops directly? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was little possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East as no one in Washington was willing to suggest it, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q30 | no | 2 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,547 | NO | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Is it likely that a majority of American politicians would have supported sending troops to the Middle East? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was little possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East as no one in Washington was willing to suggest it, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q10 | no | 3 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,548 | DON'T KNOW | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Would Americans have supported Kissinger's stance on deploying American forces in the Middle East? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that despite Vietnam, there was certain possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and meanwhile Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q20 | no | 3 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,549 | YES | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Would Kissinger's strategy in the Middle East have affected American troops directly? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that despite Vietnam, there was certain possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and meanwhile Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q30 | no | 3 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. | 4,550 | DON'T KNOW | Kissinger later wrote that after Vietnam, there was no possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and henceforward Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. | Is it likely that a majority of American politicians would have supported sending troops to the Middle East? | 382 | A major concern for Kissinger was the possibility of Soviet influence in the Persian Gulf. In April 1969, Iraq came into conflict with Iran when Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi renounced the 1937 treaty governing the Shatt-al-Arab river. After two years of skirmishes along the border, President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr broke off diplomatic relations with Iran on December 1, 1971. In May 1972, Nixon and Kissinger visited Tehran to tell the Shah that there would be no "second-guessing of his requests" to buy American weapons. At the same time, Nixon and Kissinger agreed a plan of the Shah's that the United States together with Iran and Israel would support the Kurdish "peshmerga" guerrillas fighting for independence from Iraq. Kissinger later wrote that despite Vietnam, there was certain possibility of deploying American forces in the Middle East, and meanwhile Iran was to act as America's surrogate in the Persian Gulf. Kissinger described the Baathist regime in Iraq as a potential threat to the United States and believed that building up Iran and supporting the "peshmerga" was the best counterweight. |
q10 | nobody | 0 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. | 4,551 | NO | A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. | From the way the "snug" is described, does it sound similar in purpose to a VIP lounge in a glamorous modern-day night club, a place to have private conversations, but also a place to see and (more importantly) to be seen? | 383 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. |
q20 | nobody | 0 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. | 4,552 | YES | A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. | If a local police officer, or maybe a tax collector or process server wanted to keep an eye out for certain locals who might come into a bar and if possible remain hidden himself (though with priority given to being able to see others) would he be better off sitting at the public bar than in the snug? | 383 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. |
q30 | nobody | 0 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. | 4,553 | NO | A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. | If someone couldn't afford to get inside, but was still interested in the upper-class locals, could they gave upon the latest fashions from one of the windows in the snug's partition? | 383 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. |
q10 | nobody | 1 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. | 4,554 | NO | A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. | From the way the "snug" is described, does it sound similar in purpose to a VIP lounge in a glamorous modern-day night club, a place to have private conversations, but also a place to see and (more importantly) to be seen? | 383 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. Prices for beer were higher in the snug, but people outside of the room could not look in to see who was inside. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. |
q20 | nobody | 1 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. | 4,555 | YES | A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. | If a local police officer, or maybe a tax collector or process server wanted to keep an eye out for certain locals who might come into a bar and if possible remain hidden himself (though with priority given to being able to see others) would he be better off sitting at the public bar than in the snug? | 383 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. Prices for beer were higher in the snug, but people outside of the room could not look in to see who was inside. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. |
q30 | nobody | 1 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. | 4,556 | NO | A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. | If someone couldn't afford to get inside, but was still interested in the upper-class locals, could they gave upon the latest fashions from one of the windows in the snug's partition? | 383 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. Prices for beer were higher in the snug, but people outside of the room could not look in to see who was inside. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. |
q10 | nobody | 2 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. | 4,557 | NO | A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. | From the way the "snug" is described, does it sound similar in purpose to a VIP lounge in a glamorous modern-day night club, a place to have private conversations, but also a place to see and (more importantly) to be seen? | 383 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and small tinted-glass windows, set at a comfortable head height for those inside. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody else could come in who hadn't paid the entrance fee. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. |
q20 | nobody | 2 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and a frosted glass window, set above head height. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. | 4,558 | NO | A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody could look in and see the drinkers. | If a local police officer, or maybe a tax collector or process server wanted to keep an eye out for certain locals who might come into a bar and if possible remain hidden himself (though with priority given to being able to see others) would he be better off sitting at the public bar than in the snug? | 383 | The "snug" was a small private room or area which typically had access to the bar and small tinted-glass windows, set at a comfortable head height for those inside. A higher price was paid for beer in the snug and nobody else could come in who hadn't paid the entrance fee. It was not only the wealthy visitors who would use these rooms. The snug was for patrons who preferred not to be seen in the public bar. Ladies would often enjoy a private drink in the snug in a time when it was frowned upon for women to be in a pub. The local police officer might nip in for a quiet pint, the parish priest for his evening whisky, or lovers for a rendezvous. |
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