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https://openalex.org/W4312676755
|
Meta Analysis: Application of Health Belief Model Theory on Pap Smear Screening Uptake in Women of Reproductive Age
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Indonesia",
"display_name": "Sebelas Maret University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I119896790",
"lat": -7.561408,
"long": 110.85578,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Syndia Puspitasari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000382580"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Bhisma Murti",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007390887"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hanung Prasetya",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049289758"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Cervical cancer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778220009"
},
{
"display_name": "Health belief model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1602351"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Papanicolaou stain",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C65051434"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Gynecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29456083"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Cervical screening",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780647465"
},
{
"display_name": "Meta-analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95190672"
},
{
"display_name": "Incidence (geometry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61511704"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Cancer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121608353"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Health education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113807197"
},
{
"display_name": "Obstetrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C131872663"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Optics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120665830"
}
] |
[
"Turkey",
"Lebanon",
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4312676755
|
Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth cancer in the world that attacks women and causes death. Until now, cervical cancer causes high morbidity and mortality. Regular cervical cancer screening with the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear test remains an effective public health intervention in the prevention and subsequent reduction of the incidence, morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer. Health Belief Model (HBM) is a model developed to help understand human behavior in seeking health services and explain why people do not engage in behavior for disease prevention or early detection. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Data collection was obtained from 3 databases, namely: Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Analysis of this research using software RevMan 5.3. The inclusion criteria used were full English paper with cross sectional design in 2012-2022. The keywords used were “Pap Smear” OR “Cervical Cancer Screening” AND “Health Belief Model” OR “Health Belief” AND “Cervical Cancer”. Results: A total of 15 cross-sectional study articles from Indonesia, Malaysia, Turkey, Nepal, Lebanon, South Korea, Iran, South Africa, Ethiopia, the United States, and Italy were reviewed in the meta-analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the perception of high susceptibility had an effect on the possibility of using Pap smear services 1.13 times compared to the perception of low susceptibility (aOR= 1.13; 95% CI= 1.03 to 1.07; p < 0.001), and the results were statistically significant. The perception of low barriers affects the possibility of using Pap smear services 0.91 times compared to perceptions of high barriers (aOR = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.86 to 0.97; p <0.001), and the results are statistically significant. Conclusion: Perceptions of high susceptibility and perceptions of low barriers affect the possibility of using pap smear services. Keywords: health belief model, cervical cancer, pap smear. Correspondence: Syndia Puspitasari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +628 2234398706. Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2022), 07(04): 322-335 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2022.07.04.05
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of health promotion and behavior",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210207130",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3174680968
|
The First Three Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The World Health Organization's Response
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Öner Güner",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082434628"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Turan Buzğan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058888660"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Outbreak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C116675565"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Globalization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2119116"
},
{
"display_name": "Development economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Global health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C46578552"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Virology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159047783"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3174680968
|
Abstract Infectious diseases are generally preventable public health problems; however, they cause epidemics, economic losses, and deaths at all levels worldwide. Especially with the effect of globalization, it has been observed much better with the COVID-19 pandemic, where viral outbreaks can rapidly affect all stages of life. Experiences show that not only national authorities, but also international organizations should play critical roles in the control of infectious diseases. Based on this perspective, in our study, the responses of the World Health Organization (WHO), which has a decisive role in international health policies, to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the first three-month period were examined. In addition, the possible effects of the national measures and policies taken by Canada, Turkey, Pakistan, and Tajikistan, which are in different income groups according to the World Bank, on the number of cases and deaths were discussed. In this context, the contributions, or potential effects of the WHO on the performance of these countries against the COVID-19 were interpreted. It was understood that the countries in different income groups have developed policies based on their capability at country level independent from other countries in the fight against COVID-19 outbreak. It has been evaluated that the success of countries in the fight against the outbreaks is affected by different parameters such as average age of the country's populations, health infrastructures and income levels that greatly affect access to medical supplies and equipment. However, it can be said that international organizations with institutional power such as WHO cannot play a leading role at the expected level in the prevention of the pandemic and ineffective in directing local policies and ensuring international coordination. Especially in the COVID-19 viral pandemic environment where fast and precise decisions are required, this leading role is desperately needed. The first quarterly decisions and meeting notifications of the WHO in the COVID-19 pandemic were examined in our study and it was understood that these outcomes cannot provide a definite and effective management plan to national health policy makers, although WHO presented diagnostic tools rapidly and, in some degree maintained the supply chain of medical equipment globally. As a result, when all these elements determined in our study were considered together; the need for an integrative, proactive, and fair international health institution that produces prompt, effective and constantly updated comprehensive policies should be emphasized.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of molecular virology and immunology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210182418",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4292262962
|
Serum Vitamin D, Zinc Levels and the Relationship between them in Children and Adolescents
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Gülsen Şener",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079212085"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Zeynep Koçer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004196878"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Tülin Bayrak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076475158"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ahmet Bayrak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040107489"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Alper Gümüş",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064883441"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Micronutrient",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14522933"
},
{
"display_name": "Outpatient clinic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020110884"
},
{
"display_name": "Vitamin D and neurology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C124490489"
},
{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
},
{
"display_name": "vitamin D deficiency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779740938"
},
{
"display_name": "Zinc deficiency (plant disorder)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776928490"
},
{
"display_name": "Zinc",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C535196362"
},
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Micronutrient deficiency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778596745"
},
{
"display_name": "Significant difference",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018023364"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Gastroenterology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90924648"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Organic chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178790620"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4292262962
|
Along with vitamin D deficiency, a common global health problem in developed and developing countries, zinc deficiency also remains one of the most common micronutrient deficiencies-related public health problems in some parts of the world. Determination of vitamin D and Zn status is important for the growth, development, and health of school-age children, as well as their intellectual achievement and academic performance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate serum 25(OH)D and Zn levels and the relationship between them in a nationally representative sample of Turkish children and adolescents.A total of 541 children and adolescents aged 1 - 16 years were included in our study whose vitamin D and zinc test levels were measured and who applied to the Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital Pediatric Outpatient Clinic. Cases were examined by dividing them into subgroups according to their vitamin D levels (≤ 15 ng/mL deficiency; 15 - 20 ng/mL insufficiency; ≥ 20 ng/mL sufficiency) and age (< 5 years preschool; 5 - 10 years middle childhood; 11 - 16 years adolescence).The levels of 25(OH)D were lower than 20 ng/mL in 33% of the children. There was deficiency in 80 (15%) and insufficiency in 99 (18%) cases. A statistically significant difference was found in 25(OH)D and Zn levels in groups separated by 25(OH)D level and age (p < 0.001). A positive significant correlation was found between serum 25(OH)D and Zn levels (r = 0.468; p < 0.001). A negative correlation was found between 25(OH) D levels and age (r = -0.261; p < 0.001) and body mass index (BMI) (r = -0.308; p < 0.001).In our study, we found high levels of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency and a significant positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D and Zn levels in the pediatric population. Based on this possible contribution, we think that providing vitamin D support to children of all ages, including adolescents, and thus improving zinc levels may be beneficial in protecting from diseases that lead to morbidity and mortality as a result of reducing the rate of growth and development retardation, regulating of bone development, and contributing to the development of the immune system.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Clinical Laboratory",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S36748825",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3210146629
|
COVID-19, Public Transportation, and Public Health Communication
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[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Vital Strategies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210161058",
"lat": 40.71427,
"long": -74.00597,
"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Chun-Cheng Hung",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049927668"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Vital Strategies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210161058",
"lat": 40.71427,
"long": -74.00597,
"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Ariella Rojhani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5080047860"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Vital Strategies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210161058",
"lat": 40.71427,
"long": -74.00597,
"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Melissa Cordoba Asprilla",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043499170"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Vital Strategies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210161058",
"lat": 40.71427,
"long": -74.00597,
"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "R Kancharla",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050163675"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Public transport",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C539828613"
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{
"display_name": "TRIPS architecture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C157085824"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Ho chi minh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018695995"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Social media",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C518677369"
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{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Cycling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C541528975"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Advertising",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Transport engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C22212356"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Low income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018804484"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3210146629
|
Abstract Although necessary for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, public health and social measures (PHSMs) that restricted public transportation in cities diverted people to private motorized vehicle use, a trend that persisted despite evidence that public transit represented a low-risk COVID transmission environment. Mass transit and active modes of transportation in cities are key for preventing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and injuries and for reducing traffic-related emissions. Under the Partnership for Healthy Cities, Buenos Aires, Bangkok, Cali, Ho Chi Minh City, Istanbul, and Kyiv implemented communication campaigns to encourage and inform citizens how to safely resume use of public transportation and alternative safe, active transportation. Between July 2020 and March 2021, campaigns reinforced adherence to the 3Ws (wash hands, watch distance, wear a mask), and promoted walking and cycling as commuting alternatives. In total, the cities conducted social media campaigns, displayed posters (605), billboards (50), and videos (15) at bus, train, and bike stations, cycling lanes, and hospitals. Posters at bus stops in Buenos Aires were visible to 286,000 passengers/day, 16% of the city's passengers. Cali's social media campaign reached 1.7 million people. 70 km of new cycle lane added 1,527 cycling trips, preventing an estimated 266,920 tons of CO2 emissions. Bangkok's social media campaign reached 511,660 people and videos on television reached 1.75 million people. Ho Chi Minh City reached 48,000 passengers/day on public transport and totaled 4 million impressions on social media. Istanbul's social media campaign reached 20,000 people, promoted messaging on 50 billboards across the city's cycling network, and 4 Turkish cities replicated the campaign. Kyiv reached 800,000 transit passengers with 2,200 posters in metro stations. Simple and clear messaging is key for crisis communication and is essential to address overlapping public health and mobility priorities. Key messages Cities are at the forefront to use communication campaigns to promote PHSMs and transport alternatives when adapting COVID-19 responses to address negative impact on urban transport and mobility. Simple and clear messaging is key for crisis communication and is essential to address overlapping public health and mobility priorities.
|
[
{
"display_name": "European journal of public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210220588",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4307385464
|
Access of Syrian Refugee Women to Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in Turkey during COVID-19
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1303077703",
"lat": 39.928253,
"long": 32.855713,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "E Ontas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5071273305"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Hacettepe University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I66514158",
"lat": 39.91987,
"long": 32.85427,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Şevkat Bahar Özvarış",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088416303"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Hacettepe University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I66514158",
"lat": 39.91987,
"long": 32.85427,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Bahar Güçiz Doğan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087810039"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Hacettepe University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I66514158",
"lat": 39.91987,
"long": 32.85427,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Tezer Kutluk",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069067594"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Spouse",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777495918"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Pregnancy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779234561"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Refugee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845"
},
{
"display_name": "Reproductive health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121752807"
},
{
"display_name": "Family planning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779076696"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Research methodology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2986817661"
},
{
"display_name": "Genetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54355233"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Turkey",
"Syria"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4307385464
|
Abstract Women and girls are more disadvantaged in times of crisis, and their chances of surviving and fleeing are limited. As the Syrian crisis enters its eleventh year, Turkey alone hosts the largest population (over 3.7 million). It aimed to evaluate essential reproductive health services in the shadow of the pandemic that deepens the crisis. The research was conducted in April 2021 with 637 married Syrian refugee women aged 15-49 living in Ankara (mean age: 29.6). The median age at first marriage was 17, and consanguinity with her spouse was 29.8%. 8.6% were illiterate. 36.3% did not/could not benefit from public hospitals free of charge, and 89.8% did not have health insurance. 96.7% had a previous pregnancy (median:4). Since the pandemic's beginning, 35.6% have been pregnant (n = 219), and 14% are still pregnant (n = 86). Of 133 women whose pregnancies ended during this period, 78.2% gave birth (n = 104) and 21.8% miscarried. 12.8% of pregnancy was terminated at home (n = 17, 14 of which could not receive support from anyone). 41.1% of those who became pregnant during the pandemic were not followed up in pregnancy; 45.1% of those whose pregnancies ended were not followed up in the puerperium. 29.5% of all the participants stated that they had not used any birth control method. The most common reason for not using family planning is fear of harm to health and their spouse's disapproval. Only 3.3% of those currently using birth control methods stated difficulty accessing birth control methods. The most used information resources about pregnancy, childbirth and contraception methods were hospitals and Migrant Health Centres. This study is funded through the UK Research and Innovation GCRF Research for Health In Conflict (R4HC-MENA), developing capability, partnerships and research in the Middle and Near East (MENA) [ES/P010962/1]. Key messages • In refugee crises, women's health should be structured as a separate heading in the health system and unmet sexual health needs should be met, especially in culture-oriented primary care services. • Women should be empowered with a health system where women can determine their own needs and make decisions about their bodies.
|
[
{
"display_name": "European journal of public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210220588",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4307383553
|
Youth health promotion in countries affected by forced migration: The role of mHealth technologies
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Earth Island Institute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802152550",
"lat": 37.86952,
"long": -122.26606,
"type": "nonprofit"
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{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Columbia University",
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"display_name": "Özay Karadağ",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5080512371"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Istanbul University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I67581229",
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"display_name": "Selma Karabey",
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "N Yazbik-Dumit",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040086980"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "German Jordanian University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I230091363",
"lat": 31.77702,
"long": 35.80234,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Sahar Al-Makhamreh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042778548"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "A Al-Mousa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086248632"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Anadolu University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I133743585",
"lat": 39.77667,
"long": 30.52056,
"type": "education"
},
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Eskişehir City Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210091745",
"lat": 39.751183,
"long": 30.59086,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "E. Nezih Orhon",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002746913"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Istanbul University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I67581229",
"lat": 41.01384,
"long": 28.94966,
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"display_name": "DI Ceyhan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087597701"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Marmara University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I74897591",
"lat": 41.01384,
"long": 28.94966,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "I Sumbuloglu",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029103276"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Columbia University",
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"display_name": "Aisha Dasgupta",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004439879"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Earth Island Institute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802152550",
"lat": 37.86952,
"long": -122.26606,
"type": "nonprofit"
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{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Columbia University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I78577930",
"lat": 40.71427,
"long": -74.00597,
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"display_name": "Yanis Ben Amor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088932929"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "mHealth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779363104"
},
{
"display_name": "Participatory action research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140988679"
},
{
"display_name": "Disadvantaged",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780623907"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Health promotion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185618831"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Turkey",
"Lebanon",
"Syria",
"Jordan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4307383553
|
Abstract Issue/problem Young refugees often face barriers in accessing youth-friendly health information and care. Differing cultural norms, languages, laws, financial difficulties, gender disparities, and stigma pose additional challenges for youth in forced migration settings. Description of the practice REACH is a regional initiative of Columbia University, which aims to bridge the gap in health literacy and health care access among refugee and disadvantaged youth in Turkey, Lebanon, and Jordan, which are heavily affected by the Syrian conflict. Supported by TaiwanICDF, Blue Chip Foundation, and Columbia University, the REACH Project uses a community-based participatory action research approach and aims to assess the impact of mHealth technologies on improving health literacy and health care access among youth in host countries. With a strong adult-youth partnership, the project includes stakeholder meetings, mixed-methods studies with youth, health service providers and policy makers, in addition to health advocacy, communication and dissemination activities such as photo exhibitions, panels, and production of policy briefs and scientific publications. REACH has been working with youth, software developers, health professionals, academia, and I/NGOs to develop the multilingual and freely available REACH4Health app to promote youth health. Results Findings from three countries show that mHealth technologies have the potential to provide innovative, youth-friendly and widely used solutions to address the health education, health communication, and health care needs of disadvantaged and marginalized youth. Lessons Youth-adult partnerships, working with mixed groups of refugee and local youth, using community-based participatory research, peer-to-peer methodologies, and co-design approaches, as well as using social media tools contribute to the overall success of mHealth and health promotion interventions for disadvantaged youth in countries affected by forced migration. Key messages • mHealth technologies have a strong potential to improve health literacy and health care access of refugee and disadvantaged youth in countries affected by forced migration. • Youth-adult partnerships, working with mixed groups of refugee and local youth, using participatory approaches and peer-to-peer methodologies significantly contribute to youth health interventions.
|
[
{
"display_name": "European journal of public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210220588",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2406123595
|
Public health specialists: occupational description in Turkey.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Hacettepe University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I66514158",
"lat": 39.91987,
"long": 32.85427,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Zafer Öztek",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010291364"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "International health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C193395930"
},
{
"display_name": "Health promotion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185618831"
},
{
"display_name": "Health education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113807197"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "HRHIS",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147268084"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health informatics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106476913"
},
{
"display_name": "Health policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47344431"
},
{
"display_name": "Occupational health nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198231283"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Biostatistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140556311"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1968568332"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2406123595
|
Public health encompasses all health problems and factors related with these problems and with the planning and implementation of activities to improve the health status of communities. Therefore, the public health field is universal as a science, but its implementation (activities) depends on the local problems specific to each community. Public health is afield of many sciences and should be open to people representing a wide variety of scientific backgrounds. Since the factors affecting an individual's health are many and varied, public health professionals should be aware of and equipped to deal with all these factors and possible health risks. Therefore, this wide range of community health problems should appear in the training programs of public health professionals. Health, social and natural sciences are the basic sciences of public health. Upon this knowledge, the trainees learn "epidemiology and biostatistics", which are the main diagnostic sciences of public health, and then the common existing and potential health problems as relates to environmental, occupational, reproductive, and child health, community nutrition, infectious and chronic diseases, geriatrics, mental health, disaster medicine, and accidents, etc. The public health professional, in order to effectively control a community's health problems, should also be educated in health care management and be able to conduct health education programs. Turkish Society of Public Health Specialists has documented the job description and listed what public health specialists should know and be able to do. According to this document: "The tasks of public health specialists are to determine the health status of the people, the existing and potential health problems, their reasons, and the health needs of the community; to develop public policies and strategies for solving these problems; to monitor and assess public health problems; to participate in the implementation of these programs; and to act as managers at all levels of health services. In realizing these tasks, public health specialists locate the sources of information and collect and analyze data. Regarding their managing tasks, they conduct planning, organizing, staffing, directing, supervising, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting activities. A public health specialist is involved directly in research, consultancy, program development, the control of epidemics, public health education, health care management, and provision and supervision of preventive and curative services."
|
[
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3175079694
|
Waterpipe Smoking Among Youth and Socioeconomic Status: A Cross-Sectional Study of Students in Public Versus Private Universities
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "TOBB University of Economics and Technology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I13236232",
"lat": 39.91987,
"long": 32.85427,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Asena Caner",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067324205"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Hacettepe University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I66514158",
"lat": 39.91987,
"long": 32.85427,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Hilal Özcebe",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024923257"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomic status",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947"
},
{
"display_name": "Respondent",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776640315"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Logistic regression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151956035"
},
{
"display_name": "Public university",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2991670904"
},
{
"display_name": "Descriptive statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39896193"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Sample (material)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198531522"
},
{
"display_name": "Consumption (sociology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C30772137"
},
{
"display_name": "Harm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777363581"
},
{
"display_name": "Household income",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780892066"
},
{
"display_name": "Popularity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586970"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Chromatography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43617362"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Social science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Public administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3116431"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3175079694
|
Abstract Background Waterpipe smoking has become a global public health problem as its popularity increased over time, especially among youth. This study aims to examine waterpipe smoking patterns of university students in Ankara, Turkey, and compare the patterns in public and private universities, which have different economic and social environments. Students in these two types of universities differ, on average, in socioeconomic background and access to financial resources. Methods The survey was conducted among public (n=2685) and private (n=2485) university students via an online questionnaire. Logistic regressions (on the full sample and on the sample that excludes students who initiate before age 18) were used to test the association between ever using waterpipe and respondent characteristics such as age, gender, university type, living arrangements, and source of income. Descriptive statistics on consumption pattern (age at first use, use within last month, location of use, availability of waterpipe venues, whether it is usually shared, reasons for use, and harm perceptions) were also generated. Moreover, never, ever, and current user prevalence rates by age at first use were estimated for waterpipe and cigarettes. Results 69% of students in private and 59% of students in public universities (p<0.001) were ever smokers of waterpipe. Being older, male, private university student, living alone or having roommate(s), as well as financial resources such as having access to a car, having income from work or family were associated with ever using waterpipe. Although more than half (68-70%) of ever users tried waterpipe before age 18, risk continued in university and 41-46% of those who tried before 18 were current users in university. For women who had abstained from waterpipe until university age, the risk of waterpipe use was higher in private than in public universities. Conclusions Waterpipe smoking has increased and is highly common among university students. Students with higher socioeconomic status are at higher risk. There is an urgent need to implement the new creative interventions based on the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control to prevent the young people from waterpipe smoking after 18 years old.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Research Square (Research Square)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4296028475
|
Infectious diseases threats at the Arba'een – a neglected but one of the largest annually recurring mass gathering religious events
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Shuja Shafi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088890387"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Saudi Arabia",
"display_name": "King Abdulaziz University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I185163786",
"lat": 21.493889,
"long": 39.25028,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Esam I. Azhar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5080738391"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "International Society for Infectious Diseases",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210131695",
"lat": 42.342144,
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},
{
"country": "Oman",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210130707",
"lat": 23.612696,
"long": 58.546562,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Seif Al-Abri",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011342801"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "India",
"display_name": "National Centre for Cell Science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210104670",
"lat": 18.51957,
"long": 73.85535,
"type": "facility"
}
],
"display_name": "Avinash Sharma",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020853647"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "Systems, Applications & Products in Data Processing (United Kingdom)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210133614",
"lat": 51.449158,
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],
"display_name": "Nizar Merali",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5003487836"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "International Society for Infectious Diseases",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210131695",
"lat": 42.342144,
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"type": "nonprofit"
},
{
"country": "Saudi Arabia",
"display_name": "Saudi Aramco Medical Services Organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800952698",
"lat": 26.310211,
"long": 50.136936,
"type": "healthcare"
},
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I55769427",
"lat": 39.776966,
"long": -86.16858,
"type": "education"
},
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Johns Hopkins Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2799853436",
"lat": 39.29038,
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"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Johns Hopkins University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I145311948",
"lat": 39.29038,
"long": -76.61219,
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],
"display_name": "Jaffar A. Al‐Tawfiq",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042021657"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Saudi Arabia",
"display_name": "King Abdulaziz University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I185163786",
"lat": 21.493889,
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Mass gathering religious, sporting and festival events are known to pose major public health challenges worldwide (Shafi et al., 2016Shafi S Dar O Khan M Khan M Azhar EI McCloskey B et al.The annual Hajj pilgrimage-minimizing the risk of ill health in pilgrims from Europe and opportunity for driving the best prevention and health promotion guidelines.Int J Infect Dis. 2016; 47: 79-82https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.013Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (25) Google Scholar; Al Rabeeah et al., 2012Al Rabeeah A Memish ZA Zumla A Shafi S McCloskey B Moolla A et al.Mass gatherings medicine and global health security.Lancet. 2012; 380: 3-4https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61073-3Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (13) Google Scholar; Blumberg et al., 2016Blumberg L Regmi J Endricks T McCloskey B Petersen E Zumla A et al.Hosting of mass gathering sporting events during the 2013-2016 Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa: experience from three African countries.Int J Infect Dis. 2016; 47: 38-41https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.011Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar; Memish et al., 2019Memish ZA Steffen R White P Dar O Azhar EI Sharma A et al.Mass gatherings medicine: public health issues arising from mass gathering religious and sporting events.Lancet. 2019; 393: 2073-2084https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30501-XAbstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (125) Google Scholar). Recent focus of these challenges has been on the importation, transmission, and globalisation of a range of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases threats including Monkeypox, COVID-19, Influenza and antibiotic resistance (Aggrawal et al., 2020Aggrawal V Dikid T Jain SK Pandey A Khasnobis P Choudhary S et al.Disease surveillance during a large religious mass gathering in India: The Prayagraj Kumbh 2019 experience.Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 101: 167-173https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1424Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (5) Google Scholar; Goumballa et al., 2022Goumballa N Hoang VT Diouf FS Mbaye B Parola P Sokhna C et al.Risk factors for symptoms of infection and the acquisition of pathogens among pilgrims at the Grand Magal of Touba, 2017-2021.Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022; 49102418https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102418Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar; Zumla et al., 2022Zumla A Traore T Amao L Ntoumi F Sharma A Azhar EI et al.Reducing the threat of epidemic-prone infections at mass gathering religious events.Lancet. 2022; 400: 80-82https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01194-1Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (3) Google Scholar; Petersen et al., 2022Petersen E Asogun D Ntoumi F Zumla A. Infection control at mass religious gatherings.BMJ. 2022; 378e072884https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-072884Crossref PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar; Al-Ansari et al., 2021Al-Ansari F Mirzaei M Al-Ansari B Al-Ansari MB Abdulzahra MS Rashid H et al.Health Risks, Preventive Behaviours and Respiratory Illnesses at the 2019 Arbaeen: Implications for COVID-19 and Other Pandemics.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18: 3287https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063287Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar). All mass gathering religious events involve large numbers of pilgrims living and interacting together performing religious rites in crowded conditions, exposing themselves and the local population to various bacterial and viral infections. Every year the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) hosts the Hajj pilgrimage, one of the largest religious mass gatherings held on an annual basis where up to 2 million people from over 180 countries, and one million local pilgrims assemble in the holy cities of Makkah and Madinah (Shafi et al., 2016Shafi S Dar O Khan M Khan M Azhar EI McCloskey B et al.The annual Hajj pilgrimage-minimizing the risk of ill health in pilgrims from Europe and opportunity for driving the best prevention and health promotion guidelines.Int J Infect Dis. 2016; 47: 79-82https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.013Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (25) Google Scholar; Memish et al., 2019Memish ZA Steffen R White P Dar O Azhar EI Sharma A et al.Mass gatherings medicine: public health issues arising from mass gathering religious and sporting events.Lancet. 2019; 393: 2073-2084https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30501-XAbstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (125) Google Scholar). The Kumbh Mela is held every four years and is the largest religious mass gatherings in the world attracting over 120 million pilgrims (Aggrawal et al., 2020Aggrawal V Dikid T Jain SK Pandey A Khasnobis P Choudhary S et al.Disease surveillance during a large religious mass gathering in India: The Prayagraj Kumbh 2019 experience.Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 101: 167-173https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1424Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (5) Google Scholar). The nature and degree of threats to global and host country health security of each individual religious mass gathering varies and depends on the number of pilgrims, the frequency of religious events and proportion of local versus international pilgrims, countries of origin and pre-event public health preparations. The latter includes adherence to the latest recommended WHO health risk assessments for mass gathering events, host country travel advice including immunisations, available healthcare facilities and services provided to pilgrims. Whilst the Hajj pilgrimage has been the focus of attention of global public health bodies and has generated intense academic discourse for the past decade (Sweileh, 2022Sweileh WM. Health-related research publications on religious mass gatherings of Muslims: a bibliometric analysis (1980-2020).Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines. 2022; 8: 1https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-021-00158-yCrossref PubMed Scopus (3) Google Scholar) due to a global remit of origin of pilgrims and the emerging threats of new zoonotic pathogens including MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, other large annually recurring mass gathering religious events have received less attention but could potentially pose significant threats to global health security. The Grand Magal of Touba in Senegal, for example, attracts millions of pilgrims, the public health issues of which have recently been highlighted (Petersen et al., 2022Petersen E Asogun D Ntoumi F Zumla A. Infection control at mass religious gatherings.BMJ. 2022; 378e072884https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-072884Crossref PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar; Goumballa et al., 2022Goumballa N Hoang VT Diouf FS Mbaye B Parola P Sokhna C et al.Risk factors for symptoms of infection and the acquisition of pathogens among pilgrims at the Grand Magal of Touba, 2017-2021.Travel Med Infect Dis. 2022; 49102418https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2022.102418Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar). On 16th -17th September 2022, the Shiite religious pilgrimage Arba'een, the largest annually recurring regional religious event, will take place and over 20 million pilgrims from the Middle East, particularly from Iran and within Iraq and other countries such as Turkey, Nigeria and India will travel to Iraq. The pilgrimage is marked by long walks of up to 80 kilometres from the holy city of Najaf to Karbala by pilgrims from all age groups and ethnicities, different walks of life, with elderlies pushed in armchairs, and children carried by families (Karampourian et al., 2018Karampourian A Ghomian Z Khorasani-Zavareh D. Exploring challenges of health system preparedness for communicable diseases in Arbaeen mass gathering: a qualitative study.F1000Res. 2018; 7: 1448https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15290.1Crossref PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar; Lami et al., 2019Lami F. Hameed I Jewad AW Khader Y Amiri M. Real-Time Surveillance of Infectious Diseases and Other Health Conditions during Iraq's Arbaeenia Mass Gathering: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2019; 5: e14510https://doi.org/10.2196/14510Crossref PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar). During the Arba'een, pilgrims are provided with free accommodation, food, and drinks by volunteers along the walking routes. To date, the Arba'een has remained relatively neglected by global public health authorities due to its regional Middle East focus and frequent interruptions to attendance for pilgrims from outside Iraq. Whilst accurate data are unavailable in the literature, the annual numbers and flow of pilgrims for the Arba'een have been interrupted several times over the years due to political instability, safety and security issues. Since the Iraq war ended over two decades ago in 2003 the Arba'een has continued to attract a growing number of pilgrims from outside Iraq (Al-Ansari et al., 2021Al-Ansari F Mirzaei M Al-Ansari B Al-Ansari MB Abdulzahra MS Rashid H et al.Health Risks, Preventive Behaviours and Respiratory Illnesses at the 2019 Arbaeen: Implications for COVID-19 and Other Pandemics.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18: 3287https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063287Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar). The tens of millions pilgrims impose a substantial burden on Iraq's already fragile and non-resilient health infrastructure. Public health surveillance and control measure for infectious diseases constitute significant challenges during the Arba'een due to high population density, pilgrims’ relatively low perception and lack of awareness of health risks (Hamdanieh and Ostadtaghizadeh, 2021Hamdanieh L Ostadtaghizadeh A. Arbaeen in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2021; 15: e16https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2020.362Crossref PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar; Karampourian et al., 2018Karampourian A Ghomian Z Khorasani-Zavareh D. Exploring challenges of health system preparedness for communicable diseases in Arbaeen mass gathering: a qualitative study.F1000Res. 2018; 7: 1448https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15290.1Crossref PubMed Scopus (12) Google Scholar; Lami et al., 2019Lami F. Hameed I Jewad AW Khader Y Amiri M. Real-Time Surveillance of Infectious Diseases and Other Health Conditions during Iraq's Arbaeenia Mass Gathering: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2019; 5: e14510https://doi.org/10.2196/14510Crossref PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar) The potential risk of infectious diseases outbreaks at the Arba'een could be extraordinary, and the range of conditions may include not just COVID-19 but also Monkeypox, meningococcal diseases, and other respiratory tract infections (Al-Ansari et al., 2021Al-Ansari F Mirzaei M Al-Ansari B Al-Ansari MB Abdulzahra MS Rashid H et al.Health Risks, Preventive Behaviours and Respiratory Illnesses at the 2019 Arbaeen: Implications for COVID-19 and Other Pandemics.Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18: 3287https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18063287Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar; Petersen et al., 2022Petersen E Asogun D Ntoumi F Zumla A. Infection control at mass religious gatherings.BMJ. 2022; 378e072884https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-072884Crossref PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar; Zumla et al., 2022Zumla A Traore T Amao L Ntoumi F Sharma A Azhar EI et al.Reducing the threat of epidemic-prone infections at mass gathering religious events.Lancet. 2022; 400: 80-82https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01194-1Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (3) Google Scholar). Mass gathering religious events also impose a high burden on health services of host countries due to the repeated occurrence of traumatic and crush injuries, large loads of non-communicable diseases, co-morbidities, and heat-related disorders (Shafi Shafi et al., 2016Shafi S Dar O Khan M Khan M Azhar EI McCloskey B et al.The annual Hajj pilgrimage-minimizing the risk of ill health in pilgrims from Europe and opportunity for driving the best prevention and health promotion guidelines.Int J Infect Dis. 2016; 47: 79-82https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.013Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (25) Google Scholar; Memish et al., 2019Memish ZA Steffen R White P Dar O Azhar EI Sharma A et al.Mass gatherings medicine: public health issues arising from mass gathering religious and sporting events.Lancet. 2019; 393: 2073-2084https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30501-XAbstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (125) Google Scholar). As with other mass gathering religious events, accurate evidence-based data on the burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases at the Arba'een are generally not available. These are required for supporting the development of effective prevention, surveillance, and management programmes for controlling infectious diseases and related public health conditions, implementing a system of real-time monitoring of diseases and morbidity patterns, utilising modern information-sharing platforms for rapid decision-making. The evidence base is also essential to promulgate WHO event-based planning and prevention guidelines for all future mass gathering religious pilgrimages (Petersen et al., 2022Petersen E Asogun D Ntoumi F Zumla A. Infection control at mass religious gatherings.BMJ. 2022; 378e072884https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2022-072884Crossref PubMed Scopus (2) Google Scholar; Zumla et al., 2022Zumla A Traore T Amao L Ntoumi F Sharma A Azhar EI et al.Reducing the threat of epidemic-prone infections at mass gathering religious events.Lancet. 2022; 400: 80-82https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01194-1Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (3) Google Scholar). It is the responsibility of the host countries, public health professionals and academics to share information and experiences at mass gathering religious events in support of the development and implementation of effective and responsive systems, which are essential for ensuring that all pilgrims have a healthy and spiritually rewarding experience. All authors declare no conflicts of interest. Sir Alimuddin Zumla is co-principal investigator of The Pan-African Network on Emerging and Re-Emerging Infections (PANDORA-ID-NET, CANTAM-3, and EACCR-3) funded by the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, supported by the EU Horizon 2020 Framework Programme. Sir Alimuddin Zumla is in receipt of an UK-NIHR Senior Investigator award and is a Mahathir Science Award and EU-EDCTP Pascoal Mocumbi Prize Laureate.
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"https://openalex.org/W2015725415",
"https://openalex.org/W2047221585",
"https://openalex.org/W2099393784",
"https://openalex.org/W2136757648",
"https://openalex.org/W2419480680",
"https://openalex.org/W2983760314",
"https://openalex.org/W3009602994",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4387113980
|
It is noted that fire without smoke smokeless tobacco is one of the major scourges in the South-east Asia subcontinent, particularly India. It not only includes adult men and women users but a sizeable chunk entails Indian teenagers. What is worrying though, the models attempting to capture the global usage does not really has much to offer due to paucity of global data. That said, World Health Organization (WHO) has been at the forefront foreshadowing trends and using myriad policy initiatives to help developing countries combat the malaise. Mpower is one such policy framework by the WHO to help countries implement and manage tobacco control, the success of this country-tailored demand reduction interventionist program has lifted a country like Turkey from being one of the highest puffers to drastically reducing its tobacco usage and free smoking indoors by 100%. MPOWER has shown a stellar performance in averting 7.4 million deaths, 30 countries with more than 1 billion people have best pictorially represented health warnings and labels, smoke-free laws and appropriate taxation rules to curb the menace. Aim: In light of aforementioned, the aim of this study was to perform the quantitative analysis of WHO report on tobacco control and to get an insight to what extend the program has been successful and the best practices that could potentially be replicated. Methodology: The MPOWER composite score was built by employing 6 MPOWER scores using the validated checklist outlined by Iranian and international tobacco control specialists in their study on tobacco control. The independent scores and cutoffs thereof were set in consonance with the key sections of the MPOWER 2011 report. Results: MPOWER composite scores that measured policy implementation were then linked to cigarette smoking prevalence and consumption data. An encouraging trend was observed, for example, the highest scores were observable in 2019 and there was noticeable increase in scores of adult daily smoking prevalence (<15 years), cessation programs, and in health warning on cigarette packages. Laws are toothless without adequate intervention at ground level and it was patently clear from monitoring of prevalence data, for example, there was abysmally poor compliance rate, especially with respect to advertisements and other smoke –free policies. The results were mixed at best. Conclusion: The dozen countries present themselves as the best replica in the implementation and enforcement of tobacco control program; however, little tweaks here and there to tailor it in accordance with socio-cultural aspects of countries are warranted.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2765007058",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2229009285
|
A survey of work related accidents induced death in Public service and Green space laborers of Tehran Municipality in 2004-2005
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jasmine Y. Khosravi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059078416"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Saeed Nazari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079895916"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "S Dehghanifard",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5033876228"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "K Jabari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079759540"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
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{
"display_name": "Occupational safety and health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187155963"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Agency (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108170787"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Forensic engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77595967"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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{
"display_name": "Social science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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] |
[
"Turkey",
"Iran"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2229009285
|
Background and Aim: Work related accidents cause the death of thousands of laborers annually. According to United States National Protection Agency the rate of disabilities resulted from work related accidents have increased from 5.9% in 1961 to 10.87% in 1976. The ILO data shows that in the EU, with the exception of England and Holland, every 6 in 100 thousand workers lost their lives due to work related accidents. The same figure is, 7 in Australia, 7 in Canada, 4 in Japan, 7 in Switzerland, 6 in Austria, 7 in Belgium, 3 in Denmark, 5 in Germany, 4 in Greece, 3 in Holland, 6 in Portugal, 10 in Spain 6 in Sweden and 16 in Turkey. The published data in Iran Shows that 14706 work-related accidents occurred in 1982, the mentioned data doesn't show the real number of accidents it merely shows those of which reported by work inspectors. Materials and Methods: The design of the study was case series. Public service and green space laborers of Tehran Municipality who have died during 2004- 2005 due to work related accidents were studied. Following the report of each accident a questionnaire containing question about the different aspects of the accident and the characteristics died person was completed by the health inspectors. The questionnaires were gathered and the data was analyzed. Findings: Totally 9 cases of deaths following work related accidents were reported in 2004 and 6 cases in 2005 which caused a total number of 67500 person-day work loss in 2004 and 45000 person-day work loss in 2005. Considering the fact that the number of the laborers were 21000 annually; it means 43 deaths in every 100 thousand workers in 2004 and 26 deaths in every 100 thousand workers in 2005. The leading cause of death in 2004 were driving accidents which in 22.5% of them the laborers had not used necessary safety equipments and in 66.5% the drivers were culprit. The remaining 11.5% were due to other reasons. In 2005 the leading cause of death was driving accidents again which in 67% of them the laborers had not used necessary safety equipments and in 33% the drivers were culprit. Language: fa
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Forensic Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2755209702",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1955146379
|
고등학생들의 약물남용에 대한 지식 및 태도
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "양태경",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058258174"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "김정남",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022714479"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Intoxicative inhalant",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C131140426"
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{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
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{
"display_name": "Vocational education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C668760"
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{
"display_name": "Curiosity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33435437"
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{
"display_name": "Test (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777267654"
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{
"display_name": "Drug education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780399684"
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{
"display_name": "Substance abuse",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C40010229"
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{
"display_name": "Health education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113807197"
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{
"display_name": "Substance abuse prevention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778692027"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C509550671"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematics education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145420912"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
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{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
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{
"display_name": "Pedagogy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19417346"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
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{
"display_name": "Toxicology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33070731"
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{
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1955146379
|
The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze 12th grade students' knowledge and attitude on the abuse of drugs, to provide some basic data of the health education for them to obtain proper knowledge and attitude against drugs, and eventually to contribute to the improvement of their health.
Questionnaires were given to 735 students from ordinary high schools and 482 students from 10 vocational high schools in 23 areas of Kyoungbuk province, all of whom were selected randomly, between March 5th and 20th, 1999.
The data were analyzed by means of frequency, percentage, Hest, ANOVA and Turkey test as the result of PC-SAS program.
The major findings of this study are as follows:
1. Only 51.3% of the surveyed students received some prevention education of drug abuse. They rarely got it in their elementary school days. 54.3% of the educated students learned from their school health nurses. Most of the classes made use of audio-visual materials.
Most of the students realized the importance of the drug prevention education. According to the result of the survey, the materials that they took included alcohol 42.1%, smoking 23.3%, stimulants 6.7%, sleeping drug 3.5%, inhalants 1.6%, sedatives 1.5%, narcotics 0.9%, and hallucinogen 0.5%. The first motive of using drugs was curiosity 18.1%, environmental factor 13.0%, and so on.
2. There was a significant difference between ordinary students(27.30 out of 47) and vocational students(21.84) in the average score of their knowledge on drug abuse(p=0.000l), and between girls(26.08) and boys(24.29;P=0.0172).
3. There was a little difference between ordinary students(l6.94 out of 42) and vocational students(16.23) in the average score of their attitude on drug abuse(p=0.0230), and between girls(l5.42) and boys(l7.76;p=0.000l).
4. The average score of knowledge on drugs was higher in proportion to the students' school record(p=0.000l), the level of satisfaction in their school activities(p=0.0093), and their recognition of any respectable teacher(p=0.0001). The students who experienced the prevention education had more specific knowledge on drug abuse(p=0.0001). The more they realized the importance of the education, the more knowledge they obtained(p=0.0001).
5. The average score of attitude was related to their association with any juvenile delinquent (p=0.0010) and their pageants' habitual drug abuse(p=0.0001).The attitude score and the chance of drug abuse were higher in proportion to their home environment(p=0.000l), the stem way parents bring up their chi1dren(p=0.0412), their complaint at home(p=0.0001), and their negligence of the prevention education(p=0.0001).
|
[
{
"display_name": "한국모자보건학회지",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210239797",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2969861907
|
Impact of Istanbul Symposiums and Artificial Organs on education and training of young clinicians and the outcomes of congenital heart surgery patients in Turkey
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I82783531",
"lat": 40.26406,
"long": -76.67451,
"type": "healthcare"
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],
"display_name": "Akif Ündar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063296484"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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[
"Turkey"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W1562416164",
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"https://openalex.org/W1585698576",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2969861907
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Artificial OrgansVolume 43, Issue 12 p. 1130-1134 INVITED EDITORIAL Impact of Istanbul Symposiums and Artificial Organs on education and training of young clinicians and the outcomes of congenital heart surgery patients in Turkey Akif Ündar, Corresponding Author Akif Ündar [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-3334-2886 Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania Department of Bioengineering, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania Correspondence Akif Ündar, Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics - H085, 500 University Drive, P.O. Box 850; Hershey, PA 17033-0850. Email: [email protected] for more papers by this author Akif Ündar, Corresponding Author Akif Ündar [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0003-3334-2886 Department of Pediatrics, Penn State Pediatric Cardiovascular Research Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania Department of Surgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania Department of Bioengineering, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Penn State College of Medicine, Penn State Health Children's Hospital, Hershey, Pennsylvania Correspondence Akif Ündar, Penn State College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics - H085, 500 University Drive, P.O. Box 850; Hershey, PA 17033-0850. Email: [email protected] for more papers by this author First published: 20 August 2019 https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.13547Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume43, Issue12December 2019Pages 1130-1134 RelatedInformation
|
[
{
"display_name": "Artificial Organs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S40391745",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3192688906
|
Comparative Analysis of Indicators That Determine the Effectiveness of the Implementation of Socio-Economic Determinants of Health in Europe and Ukraine
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Ukraine",
"display_name": "National University of Pharmacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210101489",
"lat": 49.992958,
"long": 36.241074,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "А. А. Kotvitska",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063458678"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Ukraine",
"display_name": "National University of Pharmacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210101489",
"lat": 49.992958,
"long": 36.241074,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Alina Volkova",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013234965"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Ukraine",
"display_name": "National University of Pharmacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210101489",
"lat": 49.992958,
"long": 36.241074,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Iuliia Korzh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073134898"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Ukraine",
"display_name": "National University of Pharmacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210101489",
"lat": 49.992958,
"long": 36.241074,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "І. О. Сурікова",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5068952581"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomic status",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomic development",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42298096"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Public expenditure",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777234743"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Development economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531"
},
{
"display_name": "Public economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100001284"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Regional science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C148383697"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Public finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178283979"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3192688906
|
The introduction of national strategies aimed at improving the well-being of the population of the country is one of the current approaches to reforming the public policies of the countries of the world. It is the socioeconomic determinants of health that determine the conditions in which people are born, grow, live and getting old, as well as the spheres of influence on these conditions, such as public policy, state of economic development, demographic trends, etc.
The aim. In this way, our research has focused on a comparative analysis of macroeconomic indicators that determine the effectiveness of socioeconomic determinants of healthсare in Europe and Ukraine, that are used to provide scientific justification for the construction of humanistic models for the provision of pharmaceutical care to the population in the context of the rapid stratification of Ukrainian society according to socioeconomic indicators.
Materials and methods. The research methodology is based on the principles of systems analysis and an interdisciplinary scientific and systemic approach. The study used the empirical method, the method of comparative analysis and synthesis of statistical data, the graphical method.
Results. A comparative analysis of the socioeconomic determinants of health in the countries of the European region and in Ukraine was carried out on three levels of indicators: the level of health-care expenditure, the structure of health-care expenditure and expenditure on medicines.
The analysis revealed that in 2019, the average health expenditure of the countries analyzed was 8.2 % of GDP. Only two of the 34 countries - Ukraine and Turkey - have a rate below the 5 % that recommended by WHO.
Public health financing schemes and compulsory health insurance are the main funding mechanisms in all countries, with the exception of Cyprus. Ukraine, Russia, Greece, Latvia and Bulgaria have the largest share of direct costs to patients as a source of health care financing.
The results of the analysis of the medicine expenditure indicator as a proportion of total health expenditure showed that the highest level was in Bulgaria (35.4 %), the lowest in Denmark (6.4 %). Overall, five countries have high levels of pharmaceutical expenditures.
In most European countries, the cost of purchasing medicines has been found to range from 346 to 619 USD per person per year. The highest value of this indicator from the European region is in Switzerland (894 USD per person), and the lowest is in Ukraine (73 USD).
Based on the results of the comparative analysis, the countries were grouped according to key indicators into three categories - high, medium and low.
Conclusions. A comparative analysis of key indicators of the socio-economic determinants of health in the country of the European region has been carried out.
|
[
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"display_name": "Social Science Research Network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W579282659
|
Leadership and Accountability for Health and Safety
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "B. Inanç",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058637621"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
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{
"display_name": "Workforce",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778139618"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Effective safety training",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14498672"
},
{
"display_name": "Occupational safety and health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187155963"
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{
"display_name": "Profitability index",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C129361004"
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{
"display_name": "Accountability",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776007630"
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{
"display_name": "Productivity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C204983608"
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{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
},
{
"display_name": "Occupational health nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198231283"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Health promotion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185618831"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W579282659
|
Despite significant improvements in safety performance of oil and gas industry, major accidents are still continue to occur. Human factors are the root cause of many accidents. Achieving a positive health and safety culture in an organisation is fundamental to managing health and safety effectively. The attitudes and decisions of senior managers are critical in setting the priorities of the organisation, therefore hands-on leadership is key in all cultures. Senior managers’ role is not simply restricted to directing work and monitoring compliance with rules and regulations. They should act as leaders and facilitiators: they must encourage suggestions, motivate their staff and engage with the workforce to solve health and safety problems. They should make sure that health and safety is not viewed as a separate function, but as an integral part of productivity, competitiveness and profitability and that health and safety risks are recognised as part of business. Since senior managers influence the health and safety culture in the organisation, they must lead by example. Health and safety must be on the agenda at every board or management meeting. Health and safety performance is an important element of performance reviews, and managers are accountable for the health and safety performance of their departments. Long term goals for the control of major hazards and health and safety must be set as done for financial and production goals. Senior managers should meet the workforce regularly and discuss health and safety with them, and they should ensure that individuals who raise issues or make suggestions are provided with positive feedback on their contribution and are informed personally of the actions taken as a result of their input. Contracts should be awarded to companies which demonstrate a good health and safety performance. Senior managers should meet regularly with the managers of the contractors to review their health and safety performnce against clearly defined expectations. All incidents and near misses should be investigated fully to identify the underlying causes and follow up on the agreed actions, and senior managers must ensure that the investigation procedure consider all issues, including humann factors, and immediate as well as underlying management-related causes are identified without attributing blame and that corrective actions are taken to prevent the incident happening again. All the leadership issues mentioned here will be explained with working examples from Botas International Limited which is the BTC Pipeline Operator in Turkey and from other national&international sources.
|
[
{
"display_name": "19th International Petroleum and Natural Gas Congress and Exhibition of Turkey",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306497520",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3082772217
|
HASTANELERDE İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sema Ünaldı",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034595665"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Occupational safety and health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187155963"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Personal protective equipment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780668467"
},
{
"display_name": "Effective safety training",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14498672"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Physical hazard",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58563850"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical emergency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C545542383"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Occupational health nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198231283"
},
{
"display_name": "Health education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113807197"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3082772217
|
Today, healthcare workers or healthcare workers are heavier and more dangerous
than workers in other sectors. The quality of work is also seen as a separate element.
Health personnel are exposed to a wide range of occupational hazards, such as needle
injuries, back or back pain, chemical allergies, violence and stress, depending on the
work they have done in the hospital, these important risk factors are reducing the
tempo of health workers and increasing the incidence of work accidents, Adversely
affect the safety of patients. The health and safety aspects of health personnel are on
the agenda. For this reason, it has been prepared for the health and safety of the
hospitals in the thesis topic.
The history of studies on health personnel in Turkey is not old, and important
regulations on the health and safety of health personnel have been introduced in the
Regulation for the Safety of Patients and Employees issued one or a few years ago.
According to this regulation, a number of studies have been carried out to establish
the committees for the staff working in hospitals, to carry out studies related to new
and secure programs, to train personnel, to provide informative health screening,
personal preventive measures against employees, precautions and controls against
chemical hazards and prevention of violence against employees. Occupational Health
and Safety Institutions have been established in hospitals with private or public
awareness, but it is observed that the deficiencies are not fully existing but the
necessary conditions are fulfilled to complete deficiencies in personnel, equipment
and services. Since health and safety of health workers also affect the health of the
community, it is imperative that health and safety practices be urgently applied.
The Law on Occupational Health and Safety entered into force for all workplaces
including the private and public health sector on June 30, 2012, and all work is
currently being carried out quickly. This legislation, which entered into force, was
included as a very dangerous work related to the health services provided in the
hospitals and it was determined how the applications should be done and the
trainings and equipments were fulfilled for this and the Istanbul Medical Chamber of
Union Health and safety measures, and it is emphasized how important this matter is
by notifying private and public hospitals. There are a number of important measures
to protect the health and safety of health workers. Workplace physicians and
occupational safety specialists are employed according to the relevant law, and issues
such as the establishment of the OSH board and risk analysis are on the agenda. The
main purpose here is to emphasize that health workers are doing their jobs to make
healthier and safer work and to minimize the mistakes.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2068992404
|
West Nile virus outbreak in the Mediterranean region, 2010-2011
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "France",
"display_name": "Institut de Veille Sanitaire",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1298580462",
"lat": 48.82182,
"long": 2.42716,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "C. Giese",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060795624"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "France",
"display_name": "Institut de Veille Sanitaire",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1298580462",
"lat": 48.82182,
"long": 2.42716,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Fatima Aït El Belghiti",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059511338"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "France",
"display_name": "Institut de Veille Sanitaire",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1298580462",
"lat": 48.82182,
"long": 2.42716,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "P Barboza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044267612"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Outbreak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C116675565"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Mediterranean climate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C4646841"
},
{
"display_name": "West Nile virus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776866189"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
},
{
"display_name": "Mediterranean Basin",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776067047"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
},
{
"display_name": "Veterinary medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42972112"
},
{
"display_name": "Virology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159047783"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Virus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2522874641"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
}
] |
[
"Turkey",
"Palestine",
"Tunisia",
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2068992404
|
Background: In 2010, an unprecedented West Nile virus (WNV) outbreak occurred in the Mediterranean region. EpiSouth, the network of 27 Mediterranean and Balkan countries for the control of public health threats, reported WNV outbreaks (human or equine) in 11 EpiSouth countries during both 2010 and 2011 seasons. Methods: Data regarding numbers of human and animal cases diagnosed in 2010 and 2011, types of WNV surveillance and laboratory capacities in those 27 countries were collected through questionnaires. Official reports issued by OIE and ministries of Health/Agriculture were also considered for cases counts. Results: For 2010, 26 EpiSouth countries provided information: 485 human cases were reported by 9 countries (Albania, Greece, Israel, Italy, Palestine, Romania, Spain, Tunisia, Turkey), 54% of these cases were reported by Greece. For 2011, 24 EpiSouth countries answered the questionnaire: 230 human cases were reported in 8 countries. While the number of WNV cases was lower in 2011, a geographical extension was observed: an additional country was affected (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) as well as new regions within countries affected in 2010 (Italy, Greece, Romania and Tunisia). Since 2010, Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia have strengthened or implemented specific WN surveillance in their country. Conclusion: Following the unprecedented 2010 WNV outbreak in the Mediterranean region, the close monitoring of the 2011 season was crucial to better appraise WNV circulation in the area. During both years, outbreaks were identified on all major birds’ migratory routes crossing Mediterranean region and viral circulation was detected in a similar number of countries. It would be unlikely that these two outbreaks remain isolated: sustained transmission cannot be excluded in the coming year. Despite significant improvements since 2010, WNV surveillance systems and access to laboratory facilities still vary across EpiSouth countries. In this context early alerting and rapid information exchange is essential especially for countries with limited facilities. This highlights the importance of maintaining such a cross-border early warning network integrating a laboratory component in order to foster implementation of adequate and timely control measures across the region.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Infectious Diseases",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S35071406",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2753913690
|
The Role of Education to Increase the Cadaveric Donor Transplant
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Samsun University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210115931",
"lat": 41.232212,
"long": 36.37004,
"type": "education"
},
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1303077703",
"lat": 39.928253,
"long": 32.855713,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "М. В. Казак",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011583950"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Organ donation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994510829"
},
{
"display_name": "Transplantation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2911091166"
},
{
"display_name": "Organ transplantation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C168444539"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Donation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2775933685"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
},
{
"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
},
{
"display_name": "Health professionals",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3019806175"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2753913690
|
Introduction The number of the patients in need of organ transplantation continuously increases as a result of organ failure due to various diseases which can be remedied by transplant. The lack of donors results in patient fatality while waiting for transplant. Our objective is to increase the number of organ donation through bringing the importance of this issue to the attention of Health Professionals and public at large in Samsun Organ and Tissue Transplantation Regional Coordination Centre (SOTTRC-Centre) in the first instance. Methods Table 1 shows the population distribution in 2011 (start of public awareness campaign) and 2016 in the SOTTRC-Centre region. Table 2 shows the corresponding demographic data of cadaveric donors. Two proportion statistical process is used to analyze the data in estimating the number of donors per million of population (pmp). In order to increase the number of donors in the cities comprising SOTTRC, we have organized several seminars, conferences and panels. Due to the importance of religious belief in organ donation, educational programs were conducted by the religious and spiritual leaders. Doctors, Organ Transplantation Coordinators and other health professionals were also informed about the difficulties and needs of the matter. Financed by The European Union and The Ministry of Health of Turkish Republic, these information seminars, called “Technical Assistance for Alignment in Organ Donation” were attended by some 150 health professionals including Anesthesiologists, Neurologists, Neurosurgeons and Intensivists. With the help of the project ‘Donate and Eliminate the Obstacles’, 4604 people were informed about organ transplantation. Organ Transplantation Coordinators gave seminars on organ transplantation and brain death in all public institutions in the SOTTRC region, enhanced by television and radio coverage as well as Organ Transplantation Stands and information seminars in schools and colleges. Results Demographic data are shown in Table 2. There are no differences between groups in terms of age and gender. As shown in Table 3, the number of cadaveric donors increased significantly from 3.47 pmp in 2011 to 8.65 pmp in 2016 with p=0.001. Conclusion As a consequence; it is crucial to raise awareness about the organ transplantation in every segment of society. People and professionals on the field should be educated regularly. These efforts can lead to a significant increase in the number of organ transplantation. We believe that educational seminars, panels and meetings held on this issue have resulted in public acceptance of organ donation resulting in increased organ transplantation.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Transplantation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S11564597",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4387912242
|
7.O. Workshop: A participatory approach to identifying vaccine uptake interventions with underserved communities
|
[] |
[
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Participatory action research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140988679"
},
{
"display_name": "Health equity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2250968"
},
{
"display_name": "Focus group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56995899"
},
{
"display_name": "Vaccination",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C22070199"
},
{
"display_name": "General partnership",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71750763"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Ethnic group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137403100"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Immunology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203014093"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
}
] |
[
"Turkey",
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4387912242
|
Abstract Resilient and equitable health systems should respond to the needs of their populations and remove barriers specific to cultural, religious, or ethnic minorities. Vaccination should be accessible to all in order to prevent infectious diseases. The EU funded project ‘Reducing Inequalities in Vaccine uptake in the European region - Engaging Underserved communities’ (RIVER-EU) aims to improve access to childhood vaccination in the migrant community in Greece (focus on MMR and HPV), the Turkish females and Moroccan females in the Netherlands (focus on HPV), the Ukrainian minority in Poland (focus on MMR and HPV), and marginalized Roma communities in Slovakia (focus on HPV). Considerable health system barriers to vaccination were identified in all underserved communities, such as a lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate information, insufficient capacities, coordination and delivery of health care, and financial costs. Based on a realist review, 36 publications on evidence-based interventions that aim at increasing vaccination coverage of MMR and HPV in underserved communities were considered in RIVER-EU. In order to identify useful and transferable interventions that tackle the health system barriers perceived by underserved communities, an in-depth understanding of context is needed. Moreover, it is of essential importance to involve various stakeholders of the underserved communities to investigate which interventions have the potential for sustainable improvement of access to vaccination. RIVER-EU relies on the Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach to identify and develop interventions in partnership with underserved communities. The building of trustful collaboration with stakeholders for intervention identification and decision-making often remains a black box in the literature. This is, however, a prerequisite for overcoming health system barriers to vaccination. For participatory transferability analysis, we conducted an assessment of evidence-based interventions, interviews and focus groups with various stakeholders. The aim of this workshop is to open the black box on developing trustful relationships with stakeholders from underserved migrant communities and ethnic minorities to identify potentially transferable interventions. We aim to discuss strategies on how to involve underserved communities, barriers and enablers to the involvement of the different stakeholders and lessons learned. The workshop will be structured into 5 presentations of 10 minutes, including moderated questions and answers sessions involving the audience to share their experiences. After all presentations, there will be a moderated concluding discussion on common elements of relationship building in the different contexts, and on contextual particularities when co-creating knowledge with the underserved communities. Key messages • Trustful knowledge co-creation with underserved communities for identification, selection and adaptation of interventions is crucial to tackle health system barriers to vaccination. • Participatory transferability analysis is a structured approach to face complexity of context and guide a decision-making process on interventions. It builds a basis for successful implementation.
|
[
{
"display_name": "European journal of public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210220588",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2943003207
|
Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinden Hizmet Alan Hastaların Hasta Memnuniyet Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Yalova İli Örneği (Determination of Patient Satisfaction Levels in Family Health Centers: An Example from Yalova City)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Cevdet Kızıl",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067255959"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Vedat Akman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054705599"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Selman Öztürk",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077244401"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Hasta",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780524430"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Gynecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29456083"
},
{
"display_name": "Turkish",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781121862"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2943003207
|
Turkish Abstract: Bu calismada, Yalova ilinde bulunan aile sagligi merkezlerinden hizmet alan hastalarin aldiklari hizmetlerle ilgili memnuniyet duzeylerinin saptanmasi amaclanmistir. Arastirmanin orneklemini 100 hasta olusturmaktadir. Calisma kapsaminda hastalarla yuz yuze gorusulerek anket metodolojisinden yararlanilmistir. Arastirma sonuclarina gore, hastalar bir sorunla karsilastiklarinda ilk olarak aile hekimine basvurmaktadir. Bunu sirasiyla devlet hastanesine basvuranlar ve universite hastanesine ya da ozel hastane-ozel muayenehaneye basvuranlar takip etmektedir. Calisma, ayni zamanda ankete cevap veren katilimcilardan buyuk cogunlugunun aile sagligi merkezine asil basvurma sebebinin muayene olmak oldugunu gostermistir. Bunu, asil basvurma sebebine gore ilac yazdiranlar ve diger sebeplerden basvuranlar izlemektedir. Arastirmada Kruskal-Wallis H Testi ile Mann-Whitney U Testi uygulanmistir. Aile sagligi merkezine basvuranlardan asil sebebi farkli olan gruplar arasinda hasta memnuniyet puani acisindan istatistiksel olarak anlamli fark bulunmaktadir. Aile sagligi merkezine asil basvurma sebebi muayene olmak olanlarin hasta memnuniyet puani en yuksektir.
English Abstract: In this study, it is aimed to the identify satisfaction levels of patients who receive service from family health centers in Yalova. The sample of research consists 100 patients. The survey methodology is utilized for the study and face-to-face interviews are run with each patient. The study revealed some important results. According to the research, when most of the patients face an issue or problem, they do first see their family doctors (physicians). These patients are consequently followed by individuals visiting the state (public) hospitals and persons applying to university hospitals or private hospitals-private clinics. Also, paralel to the research, the main contact reason of patients visiting the family health centers are examination. The following reasons are drug presciption and other reasons. This study takes advantage of the Kruskal-Wallis H Test and Mann-Whitney U Test. There is a statistically significant difference in terms of patient satisfaction score among groups which have different real reasons of application to family health centers. The patients who visit family health centers for mainly examination have the highest patient satisfaction score.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3129341067
|
Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerinden Hizmet Alan Hastaların Hasta Memnuniyet Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi: Yalova İli Örneği (Determination of Patient Satisfaction Levels in Family Health Centers: An Example from Yalova City)
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Istanbul Medeniyet University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I57913696",
"lat": 41.01384,
"long": 28.94966,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Cevdet Kızıl",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067255959"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Beykent University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I8666313",
"lat": 41.11747,
"long": 29.003557,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Vedat Akman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054705599"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Yalova University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I40790370",
"lat": 40.64538,
"long": 29.1245,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Selman Öztürk",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077244401"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Hasta",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780524430"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Gynecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29456083"
},
{
"display_name": "Humanities",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15708023"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3129341067
|
Turkish Abstract: Bu calismada, Yalova ilinde bulunan aile sagligi merkezlerinden hizmet alan hastalarin aldiklari hizmetlerle ilgili memnuniyet duzeylerinin saptanmasi amaclanmistir. Arastirmanin orneklemini 100 hasta olusturmaktadir. Calisma kapsaminda hastalarla yuz yuze gorusulerek anket metodolojisinden yararlanilmistir. Arastirma sonuclarina gore, hastalar bir sorunla karsilastiklarinda ilk olarak aile hekimine basvurmaktadir. Bunu sirasiyla devlet hastanesine basvuranlar ve universite hastanesine ya da ozel hastane-ozel muayenehaneye basvuranlar takip etmektedir. Calisma, ayni zamanda ankete cevap veren katilimcilardan buyuk cogunlugunun aile sagligi merkezine asil basvurma sebebinin muayene olmak oldugunu gostermistir. Bunu, asil basvurma sebebine gore ilac yazdiranlar ve diger sebeplerden basvuranlar izlemektedir. Arastirmada Kruskal-Wallis H Testi ile Mann-Whitney U Testi uygulanmistir. Aile sagligi merkezine basvuranlardan asil sebebi farkli olan gruplar arasinda hasta memnuniyet puani acisindan istatistiksel olarak anlamli fark bulunmaktadir. Aile sagligi merkezine asil basvurma sebebi muayene olmak olanlarin hasta memnuniyet puani en yuksektir.
English Abstract: In this study, it is aimed to the identify satisfaction levels of patients who receive service from family health centers in Yalova. The sample of research consists 100 patients. The survey methodology is utilized for the study and face-to-face interviews are run with each patient. The study revealed some important results. According to the research, when most of the patients face an issue or problem, they do first see their family doctors (physicians). These patients are consequently followed by individuals visiting the state (public) hospitals and persons applying to university hospitals or private hospitals-private clinics. Also, paralel to the research, the main contact reason of patients visiting the family health centers are examination. The following reasons are drug presciption and other reasons. This study takes advantage of the Kruskal-Wallis H Test and Mann-Whitney U Test. There is a statistically significant difference in terms of patient satisfaction score among groups which have different real reasons of application to family health centers. The patients who visit family health centers for mainly examination have the highest patient satisfaction score.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Social Science Research Network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2617422326
|
The health and population of Turkey.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "M Bertan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5055109146"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hilal Özcebe",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024923257"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "HRHIS",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147268084"
},
{
"display_name": "Health policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47344431"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Health promotion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185618831"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2617422326
|
Total population in Turkey in 1990 was 56969109 persons of which 59.10% was urban. In 1985 the proportion of population was 19.3% males and 18.2% females aged 0-14 years 5.4% males and 5.3% females aged 15-19 years and 3.0% males and 3.4% females aged over 60 years. The sex ratio in 1985 was 49.3. The Ministry of Health (MOH) has been responsible for the design and implementation of health policies and curative health services. The MOH has oversight of provincial health directors. The main delivery system has been the Health Center: village based town type and city health form serving increasing larger populations. There were 3672 health centers and 234 maternal and child health and family planning centers. The social insurance organization (SSK) provided health insurance for 54.6% of total population in 1989. About 3.4% of gross domestic product ($2.4 billion) was allocated in the Master Plan Study for health expenditures in 1987. 44.9% of expenditures were in the public sector and 55.1% in the private sector. Health care has been provided free of charge for preventive care family planning care and curative care at the primary health care level. Health center costs have mostly been for personnel (76.6% in 1992). Future health reforms will involve modernization of services; improvements in quality of care human resources and data collection; provision of health insurance for all; decentralization of management; and establishment of a national health academy. In 1992 a National Health Policy was prepared by the Ministry of Health with support for health development environmental health lifestyles provision of health services and targets. There was 1 physician per 1108 population 1 dentist per 5336 population 1 pharmacist per 3552 and 1 midwife per 744 in 1990. The crude birth rate was 27.96 per 1000 and the mean age of marriage was 18.2 years in 1988. The total fertility rate was 3.4: 4.0 in rural and 2.8 in urban areas. In 1988 42.6% received prenatal care and 36.9% had hospital deliveries in the eastern region. Contraceptive use was 77.0% in 1988. Child mortality was 97.4 per 1000 in 1990 and maternal mortality was 208 per 1000: 18.9% during pregnancy 51.6% during delivery and 28.9% postpartum. Future policy directives will emphasize integration of health and human development equitable access to good quality services promotion of health and prevention and control of health problems.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2157866312
|
STI precention in Local Public Health: from theory to practice
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mireille E G Wolfers",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042577926"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Gonorrhea",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778082588"
},
{
"display_name": "Outreach",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781400479"
},
{
"display_name": "Syphilis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776983459"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Chlamydia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780122209"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Men who have sex with men",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776939746"
},
{
"display_name": "Reproductive health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121752807"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Condom",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779379456"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3013748606"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Immunology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203014093"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Turkey",
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2157866312
|
textabstractSexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) have been recognized as a major public health problem for many years. It is estimated that, worldwide, over 340 million new cases of curable STIs – syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia and trichomonas – occur every year in men and women aged 15-49 years. Annually, millions of viral STIs can also be attributed to HIV (2.6 million new cases in 2009, human herpes viruses, human papilloma viruses and hepatitis B virus. In the Netherlands risks groups for STI are young heterosexual people, with the highest Chlamydia positivity rates observed among 15-19 year olds; men having sex with men (MSM), among whom most HIV infections, gonorrhea and syphilis cases are reported; ethnic minority populations originating from HIV endemic countries, female sex workers and their clients and (injecting) drug users.
HIV and STI prevention at the Rotterdam-Rijnmond Municipal Public Health Service (MPHS) is performed by the Infectious Diseases Department. Prevention for MSM is performed by outreach work through peer health educators employed by the MPHS, who conduct prevention activities at clubs, bars, sauna and cruising areas. Similarly, a team of peer health educators target migrants and young people for prevention activities, doing so through outreach activities in the communities, on the street and at subway stations; they also target groups of young people outside the school system. Since 2005, these activities have also included vocational schools. Outreach work for sex workers is performed by public health nurses, who visit brothels, bars and clubs. To be most effective, health-promoting interventions should be developed systematically, should draw on both evidence and theory, and be based on a proper analysis of the health problem and behavior.
The interventions under study are: 1) health education combined with sexual health services at school sites to promote STI testing for senior vocational students; 2) a short individual counseling to promote safe sex for men who have sex with men; 3) two interventions for peer health educators to promote the use of condoms by heterosexual men with an Afro-Caribbean, Turkish or Moroccan background.
This thesis describes the theory- and evidence-based development of each of the interventions in the three projects for preventing HIV/STIs at the Rotterdam-Rijnmond MPHS. The thesis has a dual objective: 1) to assess the effectiveness of the interventions under study, and 2) to evaluate the application of a framework for intervention-development – ‘Intervention Mapping’ (IM) – across the projects.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4386746150
|
Basic electronic health record (EHR) adoption in **Türkiye is nearly complete but challenges persist
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Alanya Hamdullah Emin Pasa University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210116999",
"lat": 36.548367,
"long": 32.031918,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "İlker Köse",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016158061"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210128276",
"lat": 41.004475,
"long": 29.021269,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Sinem Cece",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066831302"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Istanbul Medipol University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3125470973",
"lat": 41.01384,
"long": 28.94966,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Songül Yener",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5092477508"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Istanbul Medipol University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3125470973",
"lat": 41.01384,
"long": 28.94966,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Senanur Seyhan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090112605"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Istanbul Medipol University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3125470973",
"lat": 41.01384,
"long": 28.94966,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Beytiye Özge Elmas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044615805"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "John Rayner",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083077768"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1303077703",
"lat": 39.928253,
"long": 32.855713,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Şuayıp Birinci",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075499114"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1303077703",
"lat": 39.928253,
"long": 32.855713,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Mustafa Mahir Ülgü",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076212744"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1303077703",
"lat": 39.928253,
"long": 32.855713,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Esra Zehir",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5092872234"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Turkey",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1303077703",
"lat": 39.928253,
"long": 32.855713,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Berrin Gündoğdu",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050604305"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Health informatics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C145642194"
},
{
"display_name": "Electronic health record",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020144179"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Documentation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56666940"
},
{
"display_name": "Health administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137992405"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C518773536"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health informatics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106476913"
},
{
"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Health policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47344431"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "International health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C193395930"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
}
] |
[
"Turkey"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1936530606",
"https://openalex.org/W1974457174",
"https://openalex.org/W1982924821",
"https://openalex.org/W1995957829",
"https://openalex.org/W2012326946",
"https://openalex.org/W2019050883",
"https://openalex.org/W2058924226",
"https://openalex.org/W2062418945",
"https://openalex.org/W2079175867",
"https://openalex.org/W2080553867",
"https://openalex.org/W2083080022",
"https://openalex.org/W2145705418",
"https://openalex.org/W2159705314",
"https://openalex.org/W2161032551",
"https://openalex.org/W2171004512",
"https://openalex.org/W2173052897",
"https://openalex.org/W2265839064",
"https://openalex.org/W2289033807",
"https://openalex.org/W2526963715",
"https://openalex.org/W2587467060",
"https://openalex.org/W2590193603",
"https://openalex.org/W2748099698",
"https://openalex.org/W2888985857",
"https://openalex.org/W2901347202",
"https://openalex.org/W2951037531",
"https://openalex.org/W2998461356",
"https://openalex.org/W3007402571",
"https://openalex.org/W3014651547",
"https://openalex.org/W3016387618",
"https://openalex.org/W3094575270",
"https://openalex.org/W3109639294",
"https://openalex.org/W3131100818",
"https://openalex.org/W4280540016"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4386746150
|
Abstract Background The digitalization studies in public hospitals in Türkiye started with the Health Transformation Program in 2003. As digitalization was accomplished, the policymakers needed to measure hospitals’ electronic health record (EHR) usage and adoptions. The ministry of health has been measuring the dissemination of meaningful usage and adoption of EHR since 2013 using Electronic Medical Record Adoption Model (EMRAM). The first published study about this analysis covered the surveys applied between 2013 and 2017. The results showed that 63.1% of all hospitals in Türkiye had at least basic EHR functions, and 36% had comprehensive EHR functions. Measuring the countrywide EHR adoption level is becoming popular in the world. This study aims to measure adoption levels of EHR in public hospitals in Türkiye, indicate the change to the previous study, and make a benchmark with other countries measuring national EHR adoption levels. The research question of this study is to reveal whether there has been a change in the adoption level of EHR in the three years since 2018 in Türkiye. Also, make a benchmark with other countries such as the US, Japan, and China in country-wide EHR adoption in 2021. Methods In 2021, 717 public hospitals actively operating in Türkiye completed the EMRAM survey. The survey results, deals with five topics (General Stage Status, Information Technology Security, Electronic Health Record/Clinical Data Repository, Clinical Documentation, Closed-Loop Management), was reviewed by the authors. Survey data were compared according to hospital type (Specialty Hospitals, General Hospitals, Teaching and Research Hospitals) in terms of general stage status. The data obtained from the survey results were analyzed with QlikView Personal Edition. The availability and prevalence of medical information systems and EHR functions and their use were measured. Results We found that 33.7% of public hospitals in Türkiye have only basic EHR functions, and 66.3% have extensive EHR functions, which yields that all hospitals (100%) have at least basic EHR functions. That means remarkable progress from the previous study covering 2013 and 2017. This level also indicates that Türkiye has slightly better adoption from the US (96%) and much better than China (85.3%) and Korea (58.1%). Conclusions Although there has been outstanding (50%) progress since 2017 in Turkish public hospitals, it seems there is still a long way to disseminate comprehensive EHR functions, such as closed-loop medication administration, clinical decision support systems, patient engagement, etc. Measuring the stage of EHR adoption at regular intervals and on analytical scales is an effective management tool for policymakers. The bottom-up adoption approach established for adopting and managing EHR functions in the US has also yielded successful results in Türkiye.
|
[
{
"display_name": "BMC Health Services Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S12898181",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4372337350
|
Impact of California’s Senate Bill 27 on Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection in Humans: Protocol for a Study of Methods and Baseline Data
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ana Florea",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073800403"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Joan A. Casey",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044313704"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Keeve E. Nachman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034242042"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lance B. Price",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030762180"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Magdalena E Pomichowski",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039273808"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Harpreet Takhar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021589539"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Vanessa Quinlivan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009708508"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lee D Childs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057348556"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Meghan F. Davis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089598695"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Rong Wei",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018906764"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Vennis Hong",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5031960337"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jennifer H. Ku",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066357944"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Cindy M. Liu",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013480850"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Alice Pressman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072805257"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sarah Robinson",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013342944"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Katia Bruxvoort",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036366931"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "S Bianca Salas",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057594645"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sara Y. Tartof",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032804979"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Antibiotic resistance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94665300"
},
{
"display_name": "One Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780120632"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Baseline (sea)",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4372337350
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Background Overuse of antibiotics contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and is a growing threat to human health worldwide. Previous work suggests a link between antimicrobial use in poultry and human AMR extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (E coli) urinary tract infections (UTIs). However, few US-based studies exist, and none have comprehensively assessed both foodborne and environmental pathways using advanced molecular and spatial epidemiologic methods in a quasi-experimental design. Recently, California enacted Senate Bill 27 (SB27), which changed previous policy to require a veterinarian’s prescription for the use of antibiotic drugs, and which banned antibiotic use for disease prevention in livestock. This provided an opportunity to evaluate whether SB27 will result in a reduction in antimicrobial-resistant infections in humans. Objective We describe in detail the methods implemented to achieve the overarching objective of this study to evaluate the impact of SB27 on downstream antibiotic resistance rates in human UTIs. Methods A summary of the overall approach and the partnerships between Columbia University, George Washington University (GWU), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) Research and Evaluation, the Natural Resources Defense Council, Sanger Institute at Stanford University, Sutter Health Center for Health Systems Research, the University of Cambridge, and the University of Oxford is presented. The collection, quality control testing, and shipment of retail meat and clinical samples are described. Retail meat (chicken, beef, turkey, and pork) was purchased from stores throughout Southern California from 2017 to 2021. After processing at KPSC, it was shipped to GWU for testing. From 2016 to 2021, after clinical specimens were processed for routine clinical purposes and immediately before discarding, those with isolated colonies of E coli, Campylobacter, and Salmonella from KPSC members were collected and processed to be shipped for testing at GWU. Detailed methods of the isolation and testing as well as the whole-genome sequencing of the meat and clinical samples at GWU are described. KPSC electronic health record data were used to track UTI cases and AMR patterns among the cultured specimens. Similarly, Sutter Health electronic health record data were used to track UTI cases in its Northern California patient population. Results From 2017 to 2021, overall, 12,616 retail meat samples were purchased from 472 unique stores across Southern California. In addition, 31,643 positive clinical cultures were collected from KPSC members during the same study period. Conclusions Here, we presented data collection methods for the study, which was conducted to evaluate the impact of SB27 on downstream antibiotic resistance rates in human UTI. To date, it is one of the largest studies of its kind to be conducted. The data collected during this study will be used as the foundation for future analyses specific to the various objectives of this large body of work. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/45109
|
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https://openalex.org/W3207428729
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Chapter 21: Tobacco Cessation
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Cortney M. Mospan",
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"display_name": "Nursing",
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{
"display_name": "Population",
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[
"Turkey"
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3207428729
|
PreviousNext No AccessHandbook of Nonprescription Drugs Quick Reference: A Practitioner’s Guide, 2nd EditionChapter 21: Tobacco Cessationhttps://doi.org/10.21019/9781582123592.ch21Authors:Cortney MospanPharmD, BCACP, BCGPCortney MospanSearch for more papers by this author SectionsAboutFull TextReferences ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Abstract: ■Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death, responsible for nearly 480,000 deaths a year.■E-cigarette use is on the rise, especially among high school and middle school students. While these generally contain fewer harmful chemicals than combustible cigarettes, some have been found to contain cancer-causing chemicals and are not approved by the FDA as a cessation aid.2■Most patients who smoke quit cold turkey, with 95% of attempts ending in relapse. Patients who receive assistance in quitting have increased odds of quitting. References1. Martin BA, Wopat MC. Tobacco cessation. In: Krinsky DL, Ferreri SP, Hemstreet BA, Hume AL, Rollins CJ, Tietze KJ, eds. Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs: An Interactive Approach to Self-Care. Washington, DC: American Pharmacists Association; 2021:905–932. Google Scholar, 2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Smoking Cessation. A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health, 2020. Google Scholar, 3. Fucito LM, Bars MP, Forray A. Addressing the evidence for FDA nicotine replacement therapy label changes: A policy statement of the association for the treatment of tobacco use and dependence and the society for research on nicotine and tobacco. Nicotine Tob Res 2014 Jul;16(7): 909–914. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar, 4. Patnode CD, Henderson JT, Thompson JH, et al. Behavioral counseling and pharmacotherapy interventions for tobacco cessation in adults, including pregnant women: A review of reviews for the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2015 Oct 20;163(8): 608–621. Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar, PreviousNext Session Activity Recently Viewed Chapter 21: Tobacco Cessation Cortney Mospan Recently Searched No search history FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Published: 12 October 2021ISBN: 1-58212-359-4 Copyright & Permissions© 2021 by the American Pharmacists Association. All rights reserved.© 2021 by the American Pharmacists Association. All rights reserved. Publisher American Pharmacists Association HistoryPublished: 12 October 2021 Citation Information Cortney Mospan, (2021), "Chapter 21: Tobacco Cessation," Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs Quick Reference: A Practitioner’s Guide, 2nd Edition https://doi.org/10.21019/9781582123592.ch21 Loading ...
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https://openalex.org/W3092638759
|
5.L. Workshop: Public mental health promotion: a global perspective drawing on local narratives
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Jutta Lindert – Eupha-Pmh persons: Orkan Okan – Eupha-Hp",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Middle Eastern Mental Health Issues & Syndromes",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Mental illness",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776674806"
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{
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3092638759
|
Abstract The past decade has brought a heightened awareness of the importance of mental health and its adequate promotion. In context of global public health, the tagline is “No global public health without mental health”. The impact of mental disorders concerning increased prevalence rates, severity of mental illnesses, associated disability and mortality rates has let traces, which is why mental health promotion is high on the agenda of European public health researchers, health practitioners and health policy makers. The 2005 mental health declaration and a mental health action plan by WHO and the 2006 “Green Paper on Mental Health” by the European Commission are both proof of and drivers for the development of mental health and mental health promotion strategies in the European region. Currently, there is need to shed light on the mental health states and the mental health related capacities of different high-risk populations and professionals that work in critical fields to promote mental health. The improvement of mental health knowledge, including the biological, social, psychological and political risk factors for mental health is as important as the stimulation of the development of policies and practices to establish a basis for preventive mental health action. Key target groups are children, and especially children affected by adversities, such as parental mental health problem, and professionals in education and mental health, who are in need of guidance to address important mental health topics within programmes and interventions, such as mental health literacy, mental health awareness and mental health capacities The aim of this workshop is to: (1) present unique research projects and their findings on mental health literacy and stigma prevention in schools in different European countries, (2) shed light on the critical importance of global public mental health promotion and (3) initiate a critical discussion on methods to strengthen mental health literacy and overcome stigma. The 1st presentation will introduce the first German adaptation of the mental health literacy teacher manual (TeenMentalHealth) addressing mental health literacy learning and stigma prevention in the classroom. The 2nd presentation will present evidence from a research project on high school students' and teachers' mental health literacy in Turkey. The 3rd presentation will introduce empirical findings from a state-wide survey in Germany on the mental health literacy capacities of primary and secondary school teachers. The 4th presentation will introduce findings from an online social media study on mental health and stigma in young Russian adolescents and their perceptions and attitudes towards living with affective disorders. The 5th presentation will focus on mental health information materials to raise parents' awareness of children's mental health and provide specific suggestions for mental health promotion and screening for mental health problems in Switzerland. Key messages This workshop will shed light on public mental health promotion and various intersecting approach from different countries. Public mental health promotion and mental health literacy are important global health concerns and as such should be included as an agenda item on policies.
|
[
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|
https://openalex.org/W3120206961
|
Risk of breast cancer in the Brazilian population
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[
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"display_name": "Prefeitura do Município de São Paulo",
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"display_name": "Jorge Luiz Firmo de Paiva",
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{
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"display_name": "Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí",
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"display_name": "Fiorita Gonzáles Lopes Mundim",
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{
"affiliations": [
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"display_name": "Maria José Azevedo de Brito Rocha",
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[
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
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{
"display_name": "Ethnic group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137403100"
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{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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{
"display_name": "Cancer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121608353"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Gynecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29456083"
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{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
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{
"display_name": "Oncology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143998085"
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{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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[
"Turkey",
"Qatar",
"Iran"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3120206961
|
Background: Breast cancer is the second most common malignancy in female patients, thus becoming an important topic for public health. The current Gail model, already validated for other populations (e.g. White, African American, Native American, Asian), has been applied in other regions (e.g. Turkey, Qatar, Iran, Korea), however, without reflecting the ethnic diversity that the Brazilian population brings with it, through the intense miscegenation that occurred over centuries of civilization after the arrival of the Portuguese. Mobile applications are also part of the clinical practice, helping and streamlining clinical decisions, bringing benefits to healthcare professionals and patients. Objective: To translate, culturally adapt, and validate a tool for estimating the risk of developing breast cancer and to create an application for calculating the risk of developing breast cancer. Methods: Translation of the tool available on the National Cancer Institute (NCI) website from English to Portuguese (including backtranslating). Cultural adaptation through a questionnaire consultation with mastologists. Validation of the tool in a prospective observational study conducted through an interview, using the translated tool. Patients who were users of the Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS) were approached at the special clinic of Hospital Samuel Libânio, Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais. Patients with a history of Lobular or Ductal Carcinoma in situ were interviewed, as well as those with mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 suppressor genes and other hereditary syndromes associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (e.g. Cowden Syndrome , Li Fraumeni Syndrome). The risk of developing breast cancer over 5 years and throughout life has been calculated. Result: It is observed that 61.9% of the evaluating professionals were females, with a mean age of 35.9 years (SD=7.1 years), 76.2% were white, 95.2% were specialized in Mastology, and 66.7% had from 1 to 5 years of experience in the area. It is also observed that 100% attended the screening and 85.7% said they had no difficulty in identifying the risk factor. The mean age of the patients submitted to the interview was 49.9 years (SD=13.4 years), with a minimum age of 35 years and a maximum of 79 years. 62.5% of women were white, 50% had their menarche between 12 and 13 years old, 31.3% had their first term pregnancy before the age of 20 and 56.3% did not report first-degree relatives with breast cancer. The risk calculated using the tool for eligible patients was 1.3% over the next five years (Standard Deviation±0.86) and 12.41% over life (Standard Deviation±8.72), with no significant difference compared to the general population. Conclusion: The tool has been translated, culturally adapted, and validated according to international protocols for successful tool validation. The application for Android platform was developed.
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W4378087326
|
ASSESSING THE CURRENT THREAT OF MONKEYPOX EPIDEMIC EMERGENCE
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"display_name": "O. V. Zubrii",
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"display_name": "Iryna Nechyporuk",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4378087326
|
The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of threats of a pandemic based on the analysis of the prevalence of monkeypox globally in modern conditions.
 Materials and methods. The article is devoted to the analysis of cases of monkeypox in the world in 2022 and the evaluation of its pandemic potential in modern conditions. Official data of the World Health Organization, Public Health Centre of Ukraine, European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, USA were analyzed.
 Results and discussion. Taking into account the increasing scale of the monkeypox outbreak in the world, on July 23, 2022, the General Director of the World Health Organization declared the monkeypox outbreak a public health emergency of international importance. During this period, more than 16 thousand cases of monkeypox were registered in 75 countries of the world.
 As of October 2, 2022, 68,900 laboratory-confirmed cases of monkeypox and 25 deaths have been reported to the World Health Organization from 106 countries worldwide. Ten countries reporting the highest cumulative number of cases in the world are: United States of America (37.3%), Brazil (11.4%), Spain (10.4%), France (5.8%), Great Britain (5.3%), Germany (5.3%), Peru (3.8%), Colombia (3%), Mexico (2.4%) and Canada (2%). The smallest number was recorded in: Turkey and Indonesia (0.001% each); Moldova, Greenland and Georgia (0.002% each); Monaco (0.004%); Ukraine, Japan and Cuba (0.005% each); China, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Latvia (0.007% each). In Ukraine, the first case of monkeypox was laboratory-confirmed in September 2022. As of October 27, 2022, 4 laboratory-confirmed cases of monkeypox by polymerase chain reaction testing were registered in Ukraine.
 Based on the analysis, the transmission of the monkeypox virus primarily occurs through person-to-person contact, often through sexual intercourse. Risk factors for monkeypox include being between the ages of 18 and 44, male gender, engaging in sexual contact with other men, participating in risky sexual behaviour, engaging in sexual contact without condom use, having a history of HIV infection or previous sexually transmitted infections (including syphilis). The following groups are considered at high risk: men who have sex with men, passengers in close proximity to an infected individual on airplanes, healthcare workers, close family members or friends, and anyone who has close contact with an infected person, regardless of gender or sexual orientation. There is a possibility of further spread of the monkeypox virus and the potential for the causative agent to evolve into a pathogen with greater epidemic potential than it currently possesses.
 People with monkeypox should avoid contact with animals during the entire period of isolation. In case of suspicion of disease in domestic animals, the veterinary service must be immediately notified.
 Conclusion. Currently, the pandemic potential of the virus is insignificant; monkeypox is less contagious compared to other infections that caused pandemics, it is transmitted only in conditions of close contact with a sick person, a contaminated object, or an infected animal. The cases are found in certain groups of behavioural risk. In order to better understand the variability of the epidemiology of monkeypox, the current and future trends in the development of the epidemic process of monkeypox, it is necessary to carry out constant surveillance.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Aktualʹnì problemi sučasnoï medicini",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210199863",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2402749918
|
Towards human rabies elimination in Eastern Europe and Middle East: current status and prospects
|
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"affiliations": [
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"country": "France",
"display_name": "Institut Pasteur",
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"lat": 48.85341,
"long": 2.3488,
"type": "nonprofit"
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"display_name": "N. Vranješ",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C29376679"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"display_name": "Lyssavirus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779811178"
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Veterinary medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42972112"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
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{
"display_name": "Rhabdoviridae",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777974785"
},
{
"display_name": "Rabies virus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777961786"
},
{
"display_name": "Virology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159047783"
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{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2402749918
|
Following the 1st Middle East and Eastern Europe Rabies Expert Bureau (MEEREB) meeting held in Turkey in 2010, the group of rabies experts from 8 participating countries met in June 2012 in Paris, France for the 2nd meeting, together with representatives from the Institute Pasteur and the Global Alliance for Rabies Control to discuss the rabies situation in their respective countries, its evolution, the problems encountered and the solutions. Human rabies, number of animal bites and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) administered are notifiable in all MEEREB countries however reliable rabies data in the region still remain scarce especially regarding human rabies reporting. This is even more pronounced in countries that are not part of the Rabies Bulletin Europe. Thanks however to MEEREB members’ active participation, a clearer image of the rabies situation in the region is becoming more apparent. Some of MEEREB countries (Croatia and Serbia) have not recorded human deaths from rabies for more than 30 years. However, persistence of rabies in wildlife (foxes) requires constant surveillance and maintenance of a high level of vigilance and public health interventions in order to prevent human rabies cases. In other MEEREB countries rabies is present not only in wildlife but also in dogs, which increases the risk of transmission to humans. In fact, human cases still do occur in these countries. In countries where the incidence of human rabies did not exceed 0.15 per million inhabitants during the last 3 years, the incidence of reported bites and PEP remained stable. In the two countries where the incidence of human rabies is the highest, Kazakhstan and Georgia (0.38-0.52 and 0.67-1.37, respectively), the mean PEP incidence increase rate was of over 15%. In 2011, 0.4% of Kazakh population received PEP. In Georgia, PEP incidence reached 0.9% – the highest known PEP incidence in the world, and 2-50 fold higher than in other MEEREB countries. All MEEREB countries use cell culture vaccines through intramuscular administration. Rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) is locally produced in Croatia, Serbia, and Ukraine. MEEREB participants stated that human rabies transmitted by dogs can be and should be eliminated from the region and discussed requirements to conduct a successful rabies elimination program. Although in all MEEREB countries a legal framework for rabies control exists, most often rabies elimination is not considered as a public health priority. In addition, although some rabies control measures are already in place, there is still a significant disparity among the MEEREB countries as to each country’s response to its rabies situation. Furthermore, some of the conditions for successful rabies elimination programs are not met. MEEREB members agreed that reinforced intersectional collaboration and “One Health approach” are the keys for successful rabies control.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2977867898
|
OCCUPATIONAL ACCIDENTS, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND PUBLIC POLICIES IN ECUADOR: 2006-2016
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Ecuador",
"display_name": "Universidad Internacional SEK",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I5459901",
"lat": -0.093268,
"long": -78.48504,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Antonio Ramón Gómez García",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051100295"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Ecuador",
"display_name": "Universidad Internacional SEK",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I5459901",
"lat": -0.093268,
"long": -78.48504,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Pablo Roberto Suasnavas Bermúdez",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023853329"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Ecuador",
"display_name": "Universidad Internacional SEK",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I5459901",
"lat": -0.093268,
"long": -78.48504,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Irvin Fernando Argüello Jácome",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069273222"
}
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"display_name": "Case fatality rate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187316915"
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{
"display_name": "Occupational safety and health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187155963"
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"display_name": "Legislation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777351106"
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"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Occupational injury",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780763229"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Injury prevention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190385971"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Poison control",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017944768"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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[
"Turkey"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2977867898
|
Introduction: This paper analyzes the evolution of fatal and non-fatal work accidents inEcuador from an economic and legal perspective, qualitatively assessing the impact and effectivenessof public policies on occupational safety and health in the country. A retrospective study wascarried out on work accidents registered in Ecuador during the period 2006 - 2016. Among themain results, it is observed that work accidents have increased by 53.6% from 2006 to 2016. Themortality rate decreased (R 2 = 0.303), like the fatality rate (R 2 = 0.496). The GDP as of 2011 hasdecreased, reaching negative values in 2016. It is concluded that legal regulations on occupationalsafety and health issues for the period 2011-2015 have reduced mortality and fatality rates.
Keywords: Occupational accidents, occupational diseases, GDP, national legislation
References
[1] P. Hamalainen, K.L. Saarela and J. Takala, “Global trend according to estimated number of occupational accidents and fatal work-related diseases at region and country level”, Journal of Safety Research, vol. 40, no 2, pp. 125-139, 2009. Doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2008.12.010.
[2] J. Takala, P. Hamalainen, K.L. Saarela, L.Y. Yun, K. Manickam, T.W. Jin, P. Heng, C. Tjong, L.G. Kheng, S. Lim and G.S. Lin, “Global estimates of the burden of injury and illness at work in 2012”, Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, vol. 11, no 5, pp. 326-337, 2014. Doi: 10.1080/15459624.2013.863131.
[3] S. Unnikrishnan, R. Iqbal, A. Singh and I.M. Nimkar, “Safety management practices in small and medium enterprises in India”, Safety and Health at Work, vol. 6, no 1, pp. 46-55, 2015. Doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2014.10.006.
[4] A. Turkkan and K. Pala, “Trends in occupational injuries and fatality in Turkey”, International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, vol. 22, no 4, pp. 457-462. 2016. Doi: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1153224.
[5] P.E. Cajias Vasco, D.H. Alvarez Calderon, P. Merino Salazar and A.R. Gomez Garcia, “Occupational Safety and Health in Ecuador”, Innova Research Journal, vol. 2, no 12, pp. 139-152, 2017.
[6] Organizacion Iberoamericana de Seguridad Social, “II Estrategia Iberoamericana de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo 2015-2020 (EISST)”, 2014. [En linea]. Available: http://www.oiss.org/estrategia/IMG/pdf/Fuentes_ de_Informacion.pdf.
[7] A.R. Gomez Garcia y P.R. Suasnavas Bermudez, “Incidencia de accidentes de trabajo declarados en Ecuador en el periodo 2011-2012”, Revista Ciencia y Trabajo, vol. 17, no 52, pp. 49-53, 2015. Doi: 10.4067/ S0718-24492015000100010.
[8] A.R. Gomez Garcia, A.F. Algora Buenafe, P.R. Suasnavas Bermudez, M.G. Silva Penaherrera y V. Vilaret Serpa, “Notificacion de Accidentes de Trabajo y Posibles Enfermedades Profesionales en Ecuador, 2010-2015”, Revista Ciencia y Trabajo; vol. 18, no 57, pp. 166-172, 2016. Doi: 10.4067/S0718-24492016000300166.
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"display_name": "Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306533785",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2799041179
|
Egypt and Autism
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nagwa A. Meguid",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000170954"
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[
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"display_name": "Consanguinity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779923321"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Functional illiteracy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C165205368"
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{
"display_name": "Developing country",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83864248"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Poverty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C189326681"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
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[
"Turkey",
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Libya",
"Egypt"
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"https://openalex.org/W2098251401",
"https://openalex.org/W2110871896",
"https://openalex.org/W2120899939",
"https://openalex.org/W2143095700",
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"https://openalex.org/W2150032379",
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"https://openalex.org/W2986254507",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2799041179
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Egypt is located in North Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Libya and the Gaza Strip. Genetic diseases in Egyptians have been known since the days of the pharaohs as recorded in the ancient history. Gene flow to Egyptian population occurred from Greco-Roman, Arab, Turkish, French, and English settlers. For reasons of custom, tradition, culture, and socioeconomic benefit, consanguineous marriages occur in approximately half, and first-cousin marriages occur in one third of Egyptians (Yamamah 2012). The population of the region is characterized by large family size, high maternal and paternal age, and a high level of inbreeding with consanguinity rates. Women are continuing to bear children until menopause increasing the predisposition to inherited disorders. Developing countries are facing an alarming gap between innovations in childhood learning and developmental disabilities (LDD) research and their delivery to communities. Important problems include illiteracy (especially among women), lack of job opportunities (especially for young people), and slow economic growth because of loss of traditional economies, low productivity, and lack of innovation and competitiveness. There is a critical gap in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) research with respect to manifestations of the condition in developing countries. This gap is now attaining public health significance. On one hand, they prioritize the control and eradication of infectious diseases and reproductive maternal health. On the other hand, LDD research receives scant attention and almost no funding from donor agencies that specialize in addressing the problems of developing nations. While Egypt has shown considerable progress in the prevention and combating of infectious diseases, genetic disorders remain a major health problem. There are no comprehensive data on disabilities currently available. The importance of medical genetics in pediatric departments of Egyptian universities was well appreciated in the early 1960s at Cairo and Ain Shams Universities in Egypt. At 1966, Prof. Samia and her colleagues started the specialty of human genetics at the National Research Centre (NRC) followed by molecular genetics at 1985 (El Awady and his colleagues at the NRC). In 1967, medical genetics unit (Prof. Suzan Rushdy and her colleagues) was established at theMedical Research Institute in Alexandria. This was followed by the initiation of medical genetics units in other universities such as El-Mansoura (Prof. Mohamed Hafez). Mubarak City of Scientific Research encompasses centers for frontier sciences including genetic engineering and biotechnology. Human genetic courses are now introduced in the curriculum of medical students in most universities. Specialized postgraduate degrees in the field of medical human genetics are offered to graduates from medical schools in Egypt at Ain Shams and Alexandria Universities. Training programs given by specialized geneticists from different institutions are offered to physicians from the Ministry of Health and Population. On the other hand, Egypt has 19 medical schools; all of them have psychiatric departments, some of which are departments of neuropsychiatry. They have offered a master’s degree in psychiatry for the past 25 years and a doctorate for the past 20 years. In general, there are few psychiatrists specializing in childhood problems (Okasha 2004). Nowadays, there are psychiatrists and psychologists specializing in the mental health needs of people with mental retardation. This is the case in Egypt where people with
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4375817646
|
Impact of California’s Senate Bill 27 on Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection in Humans: Protocol for a Study of Methods and Baseline Data (Preprint)
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"display_name": "Ana Florea",
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"display_name": "Joan A. Casey",
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"display_name": "Keeve E. Nachman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034242042"
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"display_name": "Lance B. Price",
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"display_name": "Alice Pressman",
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"display_name": "S Bianca Salas",
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"display_name": "Sara Y. Tartof",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C97137747"
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<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> Overuse of antibiotics contributes to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and is a growing threat to human health worldwide. Previous work suggests a link between antimicrobial use in poultry and human AMR extraintestinal pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (E coli) urinary tract infections (UTIs). However, few US-based studies exist, and none have comprehensively assessed both foodborne and environmental pathways using advanced molecular and spatial epidemiologic methods in a quasi-experimental design. Recently, California enacted Senate Bill 27 (SB27), which changed previous policy to require a veterinarian’s prescription for the use of antibiotic drugs, and which banned antibiotic use for disease prevention in livestock. This provided an opportunity to evaluate whether SB27 will result in a reduction in antimicrobial-resistant infections in humans. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> We describe in detail the methods implemented to achieve the overarching objective of this study to evaluate the impact of SB27 on downstream antibiotic resistance rates in human UTIs. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> A summary of the overall approach and the partnerships between Columbia University, George Washington University (GWU), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC) Research and Evaluation, the Natural Resources Defense Council, Sanger Institute at Stanford University, Sutter Health Center for Health Systems Research, the University of Cambridge, and the University of Oxford is presented. The collection, quality control testing, and shipment of retail meat and clinical samples are described. Retail meat (chicken, beef, turkey, and pork) was purchased from stores throughout Southern California from 2017 to 2021. After processing at KPSC, it was shipped to GWU for testing. From 2016 to 2021, after clinical specimens were processed for routine clinical purposes and immediately before discarding, those with isolated colonies of <i>E coli</i>, <i>Campylobacter</i>, and <i>Salmonella</i> from KPSC members were collected and processed to be shipped for testing at GWU. Detailed methods of the isolation and testing as well as the whole-genome sequencing of the meat and clinical samples at GWU are described. KPSC electronic health record data were used to track UTI cases and AMR patterns among the cultured specimens. Similarly, Sutter Health electronic health record data were used to track UTI cases in its Northern California patient population. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> From 2017 to 2021, overall, 12,616 retail meat samples were purchased from 472 unique stores across Southern California. In addition, 31,643 positive clinical cultures were collected from KPSC members during the same study period. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> Here, we presented data collection methods for the study, which was conducted to evaluate the impact of SB27 on downstream antibiotic resistance rates in human UTI. To date, it is one of the largest studies of its kind to be conducted. The data collected during this study will be used as the foundation for future analyses specific to the various objectives of this large body of work. </sec> <sec> <title>CLINICALTRIAL</title> <p /> </sec> <sec> <title>INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT</title> DERR1-10.2196/45109 </sec>
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https://openalex.org/W2500969084
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Overview of the Prevalence and Trends of Risky Behaviors in the Developing World
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No AccessDec 2013Overview of the Prevalence and Trends of Risky Behaviors in the Developing WorldAuthors/Editors: Damien de Walque, Sébastien PiguetDamien de WalqueSearch for more papers by this author, Sébastien PiguetSearch for more papers by this authorhttps://doi.org/10.1596/978-0-8213-9906-4_ch1View ChaptersAboutFull TextPDF (20 MB) ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Abstract: Presents an epidemiological overview of the global prevalence and distribution of risky behaviors, highlighting emerging threats for public health and, to the extent of available data, documenting trends. Behaviors such as smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, unhealthy eating leading to obesity, and unsafe sex leading to HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases and underage pregnancies prevail in both developed and developing countries and represent important threats to public health, leading to substantial mortality. Drug and alcohol use have remained relatively stable over the past decade, while the HIV/AIDS epidemic remains a key challenge in many developing countries, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, though recently the number of new infections declined and the number of AIDS-related deaths decreased due to the scale-up of antiretroviral treatment. Smoking and obesity, traditionally associated with high-income countries, constitute emerging threats in developing countries and have the potential to substantially increase mortality if they remain unaddressed. ReferencesBonilla-Chacín, María E 2012. Promoting Healthy Living in Latin America and the Caribbean. En Breve 176. Washington, DC: World Bank. Google ScholarBrener, Nancy D, John O G Billy, and William R Grady 2003. “Assessment of Factors Affecting the Validity of Self-Reported Health-Risk Behavior Among Adolescents: Evidence from the Scientific Literature.” Journal of Adolescent Health 33: 436–57. CrossrefGoogle ScholarBurkhauser, Richard V and John Cawley 2008. “Beyond BMI: The Value of More Accurate Measures of Fatness and Obesity in Social Science Research.” Journal of Health Economics 27 (2): 519–29. CrossrefGoogle ScholarCDC (Centers for Diseases Control). 2013. “Teenage Pregnancy.” http://www.cdc.gov/teenpregnancy. Google ScholarDutta, Arin, Andrea Wirtz, Anderson Stanciole, Robert Oelrichs, Iris Semini, Stefan Baral, Carel Pretorius, Caroline Haworth, Shannon Hader, Chris Beyrer, and Farley Cleghorn. 2013. The Global Epidemics Among People Who Inject Drugs. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9776-3. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0. Google ScholarEriksen, Michael, Judith Mackay, and Hana Ross. 2012. The Tobacco Atlas, 4th edition. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society. Google ScholarHotz, V Joseph, Charles H Mullin, and Seth G Sanders 1997. “Bounding Causal Effects Using Data from a Contaminated Natural Experiment: Analysing the Effects of Teenage Childbearing.” Review of Economic Studies 64 (4): 575–603. CrossrefGoogle ScholarHotz, V Joseph, Susan Williams McElroy, and Seth G Sanders 2005. “Teenage Childbearing and Its Life-Cycle Consequences: Exploiting a Natural Experiment.” Journal of Human Resources 40 (3): 683–715. Google ScholarINCA (Instituto Nacional de Câncer). 2010. “Global Adult Tobacco Survey: Brazil Report.” INCA, Rio de Janeiro. Google ScholarInstitute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. 2013. “Global Burden of Disease.” University of Washington, Seattle. http://www.healthmetricsandevaluation.org/gbd. Google ScholarKerrigan, Deanna, Andrea Wirtz, Stefan Baral, Michele Decker, Laura Murray, Tonia Poteat, Carel Pretorius, Susan Sherman, Mike Sweat, Iris Semini, N’Della N’Jie, Anderson Stanciole, Jenny Butler, Sutayut Osornprasop, Robert Oelrichs, and Chris Beyrer. 2013. The Global HIV Epidemics Among Sex Workers. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9774-9. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0. Google ScholarMinistry of Health (Turkey). 2010. “Global Adult Tobacco Survey Turkey Report.” Primary Health Care General Directorate, Ankara. Google ScholarPopkin, Barry M 2001. “The Nutrition Transition and Obesity in the Developing World.” Journal of Nutrition 131 (3): 871S–73S. CrossrefGoogle ScholarRehm, J, N Rehn, R Room, M Monteiro, G Gmel, D Jernigan, and U Frick 2003. “The Global Distribution of Average Volume of Alcohol Consumption and Patterns of Drinking.” European Addiction Research 9 (4): 147–56. CrossrefGoogle ScholarShrimpton, Roger and Claudia Rokx. 2013. “The Double Burden of Malnutrition: A Review of Global Evidence.” Health, Nutrition, and Population Discussion Paper, World Bank, Washington, DC. Google ScholarUNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS). 2012. “UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic.” UNAIDS, Geneva. Google ScholarUNFPA (United Nations Population Fund), UNAIDS (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS), and Asia Pacific Network of Sex Workers. Forthcoming. The HIV and Sex Work Collection: Innovative Responses in Asia and the Pacific. Geneva: UNAIDS. Google ScholarUNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund). 2008. “Young People and Family Planning: Teenage Pregnancy.” UNICEF, New York. Google ScholarUNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund). 2012. World Drug Report 2012. New York: United Nations. Google ScholarUnited Nations Statistics Division. 2013. “Age-Specific Fertility Rate.” http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3A13. Google ScholarUnited States Census Bureau. 2013. “World Population Clock Projection.” http://www.census.gov/popclock. Google ScholarUNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime). 2011. World Drug Report 2011. New York: United Nations. Google ScholarWHO (World Health Organization). 2011. “Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health.” WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. Google ScholarWHO (World Health Organization). 2013. Global Health Observatory Data Repository. http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main. Google ScholarWorld Bank. 2013. World DataBank. http://databank.worldbank.org/data/home.aspx. Google Scholar Previous chapterNext chapter FiguresreferencesRecommendeddetails View Published: December 2013ISBN: 978-0-8213-9906-4e-ISBN: 978-0-8213-9907-1 Copyright & Permissions Related TopicsHealth Nutrition and Population KeywordsANTIRETROVIRALSARVSAT-RISK BEHAVIORSEPIDEMIOLOGYHIV/AIDSINDIVIDUAL BEHAVIORLIFESTYLE ISSUESMORTALITYPUBLIC HEALTHSMOKING AND CIGARETTESSUBSTANCE ABUSETOBACCO USEUNSAFE SEX PDF DownloadLoading ...
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https://openalex.org/W3042318304
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SUBREGISTRO DE ACCIDENTES DE TRABAJO EN ECUADOR: NUEVAS EVIDENCIAS, LIMITACIONES Y PRIORIDADES
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The development of a work focused on underreporting - potential underreporting of accidents at work in the Republic of Ecuador is presented, in order to have statistical information on workplace accidents, at least rough estimates, this being essential for making of public actions in the field of safety and health at work. Basic statistical models were applied at the national level and by economic sectors with official records of work accidents of different categories. For the calculated estimates, 407,838 work accidents would have occurred (rate = 13,889.0) and caused the death of 534 workers (rate = 18.1). An underregistry - underreporting percentage of 80.7% (95% CI: 63.8 - 97.6) is estimated at the national level, mostly in the industrial economic sectors (91.3%; 95% CI: 76.4 -106, 3) and services (77.0%; 95% CI: 58.3 - 95.8), showing significant deviations in agriculture and construction. Finally, the results of the present study show the need to create mechanisms that motivate social awareness of the benefits of notification of work accidents that guarantee the rights of workers.
Keywords: Under-registration, Accidents, Occupational, Ecuador (MeSH).
References
[1]International Labour Organization, «Safety and Health at the Heart of the Future of Work: Building on 100 Years of Experience,» Geneve, 2019.
[2]J. Takala, P. Hamalainen, K. Saarela, L. Yun, K. Manickam, T. Jin, P. Heng, C. Tjong, L. Kheng, S. Lim and G. Lin, «Global Estimates of the Burden of Injuryand Illness at Work in 2012,» Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, vol. 11, no 5, pp. 326-337, 2014.
[3]P. Hamalainen, J. Takala and T. Boon Kiat, «Global Estimates of Occupational Accidents and Work-related Illnesses 2017,» de XXI World Congress on Safety and Health at Work, Singapore, 2017.
[4]K. Fagan and M. Hodgson, «Under-recording of work-related injuries and illnesses: An OSHA priority,» J Safety Res, vol. 40, pp. 79-83, 2017.
[5]International Labour Organization, «ILO introductory report: global trends and challenges on occupational safety and health,» de XIX World Congress on Safety and Health at Work, Istanbul Turkey, 2011.
[6] L. Cuauhtemoc Haro-Garcia and e. al, «Panorama del subregistro de los accidentes y enfermedades de trabajo en Mexico,» Rev. Med. Risaralda, vol. 20, no 1, pp. 47-49, 2014.
[7]L. Sung Shil and e. al, «The Relationship between Free Press and Under-Reporting of Non-Fatal Occupational Injuries with Data from Representative National Indicators , 2015: Focusing on the Lethality Rate of Occupational Injuries among 39 Countries Int.,» J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 15, no 12, p. 2856, 2018.
[8]F. Rodriguez-Otamendi, M. Rodriguez-Luna, E. Soler-Huerta, A. Cornejo-Blanco and E. Dolores-Ordaz, «Causas de subregistro de accidentes de trabajo,» RevMed Inst Mex Seguro Soc, vol. 46, no 5, pp. 567-570, 2008.
[9]T. Probst, C. Barbaranelli and L. Petitta, «The relationship between job insecurity and accident under-reporting: A test in two countries.,» Work & Stress, vol. 4, no 27, pp. 383-402, 2013.
[10]C. Luengo, T. Paravic and S. Valenzuela, «Causas de subnotificacion de accidentes de trabajo y eventos adversos en Chile.,» Rev Panam Salud Publica, vol. 2, no39, pp. 86-92, 2016.
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https://openalex.org/W2793995361
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Message from the Guest Editors
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It is the great honor for us to edit proceedings of “4nd World Conference on Health Sciences (H-SCI 2017)” held on 28-30 April 2017, at the Grand Park Lara Convention Center, Lara, Antalya, Turkey. This privileged scientific event has contributed to the field of educational sciences and research for four years. As the guest editors of this issue, we are glad to see variety of articles focusing on the Health Care Sciences & Services; Health services, hospital administration, health care management, health care financing, health policy and planning, health economics, health education, history of medicine and palliative care. Nutrition & Dietetics; Nutrition & Dietetics covers resources concerning many aspects of nutrition, including general nutrition, nutrition and metabolism, nutrition science, clinical nutrition, vitamin research and nutritional biochemistry. Dietetics, the application of nutritional principles, is also included in this category. Nursing; Nursing covers resources on all aspects of nursing science and practice such as administration, economics, management, education, technological applications and all clinical care specialties. Sport Sciences; Sport Sciences covers resources on the applied physiology of human performance, physical conditioning for sports participation, optimal nutrition for sports performance, and the prevention and treatment of sports-related injuries and diseases. This category also includes resources on sport psychology and sociology. Health Policy & Services; Health Policy & Services covers resources on healthcare systems, including healthcare provision and management, financial analysis, healthcare ethics, health policy, and quality of care.; Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism covers resources that focus on all aspects of recreation and leisure studies, sport, hospitality, and travel and tourism. Rehabilitation Rehabilitation covers resources concerned with therapeutic approaches for the treatment of mental, speech, hearing, visual, and other physical disabilities. This category also includes studies in music, art, dance, and occupational therapy. Health Education; Heath education covers Assess needs for health education programs, Plan effective health education programs, Implement health education programs, Evaluate the effectiveness of health education programs, Coordinate the provision of health education services., Act as a resource person for health education programs, Communicate health education needs, concerns, and resources. Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health covers resources on social medicine, health behavior, health education, safety research, and community mental health. Resources concerned with the health of particular groups such as adolescents, elderly, or women are included in this category and etc. Furthermore, the conference is getting more international each year, which is an indicator that it is getting worldwide known and recognized. Scholars from all over the world contributed to the conference. Special thanks are to all the reviewers, the members of the international editorial board, the publisher, and those involved in technical processes. We would like to thank all who contributed to in every process to make this issue actualized. A total of 45 full papers or abstracts were submitted for this conference and each paper has been peer reviewed by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total of 21 high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication. I hope that you will enjoy reading the papers.
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https://openalex.org/W2204741935
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Resisting Economy, Dairy Products Consumption and Public Health Policy: Current Status & Future Planning
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2204741935
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Resisting Economy, Dairy Products Consumption and Public Health Policy: Current Status & Future Planning Ebrahim Adham-Maleki Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Per capita consumption of milk and dairy products in Iran is about 60 kg which, unfortunately, is extremely low compared to regional countries like Pakistan (159 kg), Turkey (138 kg), Armenia (136 kg), Azerbaijan Republic (119 kg), several of them having quite lower GDP than ours. It is supposed that 90% of the people of the country have calcium deficiency, with mean age of low bone density at 30 years old. The problem would become more serious when we consider that this low consumption rate of dairy products is not only due to the public nutritional habits, but according to the health authorities, dairy consumption has experiences a rapid fall down after austerity measures have been put to the country’s economy resulting in a rapid increase in the price. Milk and dairy products are of outmost importance in the diet of human populations, especially due to their exceptional role in providing calcium resources to the body, and calcium is the main mineral that constructs bones and teeth; therefore, its deficiency can seriously affect public health, especially the youth, and as a result, future of the society. Any decrease in the bone mineral density, even minimal, in the large scale of a society can lead to a public health catastrophe, especially in the older ages. So, providing milk and dairy products that gives enough calcium content to all the age groups, especially to the youth should be a priority of health policy to any nation. The past week, some news has been published indicating new raises in the prices of milk products that brought serious concerns among the health professionals of the country. In fact, producing factories have announced that since then, the price of dairy products would be determined by the law of “demand and supply”! Considering the current status of milk and dairy production in the country, this is a real disaster! Producers of dairy products are supported by especial governmental and financial support, and they should be even more supported nonetheless they should be allowed to follow any policy they like to increase their income, which for this purpose, they should get under strict control by the governmental control. In a country like Iran, which is under heavy economic sanctions, providing enough milk products to the society of any economic level should be secured by the country’s authorities, as a governmental obligation. This necessitates maximum production of these products, with affordable prices to the nation, that is in stark contrast to the law of “demand and supply”, which aims to maximize financial benefit to the producers only, and inevitably is associated with a decrease in the production rate to the level that ‘very poor’ and ‘poor’ people would be unable to purchase. According to the authorities, at the current time, the rate of dairy products consumption in Iran is almost one forth of recommendations, and any more reduction in it could make the situation more critical. We propose that at the first step, the gap between milk production rates in the country and an optimal production level to be determined; then, financial support in order to save the facilities in hard times should be considered, and the risk of bankruptcy should be eliminated by some governmental warrant for all the current and prospective producers. On the other hand, the price of milk productions should be strictly controlled by the government, warranting acceptable prices either for the producers as well as the poor consumers. This policy urges the producers to produce more, if they want to make more fortune. We wish this policy to be installed as soon as possible, so we can save a good health to our society, through these hard times.
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"display_name": "International Journal of Medical Reviews",
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https://openalex.org/W2615211062
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Developing Pandemic Preparedness in Europe in the 21st Century: Experience, Evolution and Next Steps/ Developper la Preparation En Cas De Pandemie En Europe Au 21e Siecle: Experience, Evolution et Prochaines etapes/Desarrollo De la Preparacion Pandemica En Europa En El Siglo XXI: Experiencia, Evolucion Y Pasos Siguientes
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"display_name": "A Nicoll",
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"display_name": "Caroline Brown",
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"display_name": "Franz Karcher",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5078797092"
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"display_name": "Pasi Penttinen",
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"display_name": "Michala Hegermann-Lindencrone",
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"display_name": "Silvia Villanueva",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032685096"
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"display_name": "Lucie Jean-Gilles",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017986992"
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sybille Rehmet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049104031"
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"display_name": "Jonathan S Nguyen‐Van‐Tam",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2615211062
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Introduction Although pandemics have occurred at irregular intervals throughout history, pandemic preparedness plans only appeared in Europe in the 1990s. (1,2) Following preliminary guidance from the World Health Organization (WHO) in pandemic planning (1999), the 2003 World Health Assembly adopted a resolution that called for the development of national and global pandemic preparedness plans and that set the first targets for seasonal influenza immunization coverage. (2,3) The global disruption caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 fuelled the adoption in 2005 of the first comprehensive International Health Regulations. That same year WHO published its first global guidance and checklist for pandemic planning. (2,4) In 2001, the European Union (EU) and its Member States held the first European pandemic planning workshop drawing on European legislation for health security} The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) commenced operations in May 2005 and made pandemic preparedness its first disease-specific priority. The ECDC worked with WHO's Regional Office for Europe in supporting Member States of the EU and the European Commission (EC) in strengthening pandemic preparedness in EU and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries, while the WHO's Regional Office also worked with other countries in WHO's European region. This paper reports on the work of the ECDC, the EC and WHO's Regional Office in supporting the assessment, development and strengthening of pandemic planning and preparedness in WHO's European Region in 2005-2009. It explains the initial problems encountered, the changes made to the assessment procedure with experience, the lessons learnt from the 2009 pandemic, and those aspects of pandemic preparedness that should be improved. In a short paper the detail is limited, but more information is available through a timeline and in pandemic preparedness web pages. (2,5-7) Initial procedure During 2005-2009, national pandemic preparedness was assessed in 43 European countries, including all countries belonging to the EU. Central to this was a standardized procedure to assist countries in assessing and improving their national and local pandemic preparedness plans based on WHO's 2005 checklist, whose indicators of preparedness were used. (4) These activities intensified when human cases of influenza A(H5N1) bird flu appeared in Azerbaijan and Turkey along with sporadic infection in wild and domestic birds in most other European countries. (2) The assessments, which began in the summer of 2005, were conducted by external teams of pandemic preparedness experts from the ECDC, the EC and WHO's Regional Office for Europe. During brief visits to each country, these teams worked with health ministry officials and technical agencies in completing a standard questionnaire based on WHO's checklist of preparedness indicators. They subsequently sent a written report to each country. (2) Procedural improvements and problems As country visits took place, the limitations of the external assessment model became clear. Over time a self-assessment tool and procedure (2,6,8) based on improved indicators were developed. The indicators were specifically designed for the pandemic planning process and reflected the increasing complexity of national and local pandemic preparedness. This revised assessment procedure covered new issues, such as local preparedness; intersectoral work (i.e. work beyond the health sector); the consistency of policies across neighbouring countries (interoperability); vaccination against seasonal influenza; laboratory preparedness; antiviral treatment and vaccination strategies; pandemic simulation exercises; and communication between agencies and with the public, professionals and neighbouring countries. Some national authorities had stopped preparations after producing written plans and had not developed the operational aspects or determined if they would work in practice. …
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https://openalex.org/W2888011569
|
The Human Dimensions of Forest & Tree Health-Global Perspectives
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"display_name": "Julie Urquhart",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004394985"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C91375879"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C107826830"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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"display_name": "Ecology",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2888011569
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There is growing scientific, policymaker and public concern surrounding the threats posed by the growing incidence of invasive pests and pathogens to tree health worldwide. The upsurge in new tree pest and disease outbreaks, many of them with the potential to radically reshape our native woodlands and forests, is closely linked to the significant growth in global trade and transportation in recent decades. Alongside this, alien pests and pathogens are able to establish at latitudes and altitudes that previously would have been unsuitable for them to flourish due to climate and environmental change. Growing evidence suggests that tree pests and diseases are likely to have profound consequences for the ecosystem services provided by trees and forests with resulting substantial impacts on human wellbeing. Dealing with such outbreaks, therefore, will often involves complex interactions between a wide range of actors including government agencies, tree growers, transporters, suppliers, consumers and the wider public in what we broadly define as the ‘human dimensions of forest and tree health’.
Human Dimensions of Forest & Tree Health-Global Perspectives was conceived in response to recognition of a need to better understand the diverse human dimensions of forest health. Addressing this requires approaches from a range of academic disciplines, such as economics, sociology, environmental psychology, cultural geography, environmental ethics, anthropology, health studies and history, alongside traditional technical risk assessment tools and natural science expertise. As a first step in this process, this book has been produced by researchers who are engaged with the International Union of Forest Research Organizations’ (IUFRO) newly-formed working party ‘7.03.15 - Social dimensions of forest health’. It also draws on the themes from a series of workshops hosted by the book’s editors as part of the UK’s Tree Health and Plant Biosecurity Initiative (THAPBI). As such, it provides a state-of-the-art collection of contributions from diverse social scientists and economists working across the globe and represents the first book-length synthesis of an important area of applied academic research. It brings together arguments, relevant theoretical frameworks and the latest empirical research findings to consider the specifically human dimensions of tree pests and diseases. A central theme of the book is to consider the contribution of the social sciences in better understanding the social, economic and environmental drivers and impacts of tree disease and pest outbreaks. Taken together the chapters make theoretical, methodological and applied contributions to our understanding that will have relevance for a broad range of academic, policy and practitioner audiences.
From the outset, the editors wanted to provide a collection of work that represented different geographical, cultural and socio-political contexts. Alongside a core of contributions from UK researchers, chapters are included from scholars in New Zealand, the United States, Sweden, Romania and Turkey. Thus, its international scope allows for a comparative assessment of tree health social science research, and hopefully highlights transferrable lessons for improving biosecurity in a range of socio-economic and spatial contexts. Given the relative infancy of social science attention to tree health issues, the number and geographical scope of researchers working in this field in currently limited. A clear gap in coverage is in developing countries in Africa, Asia and South America. We hope that this book will provide inspiration to social science scholars on these continents to engage with this important growing area of academic and applied interest. We firmly believe that the social sciences, and arts and humanities, have much to offer to improve our understanding of the complex interactions between humans and tree pests and diseases.
The editors would like to thank the contributors to this volume for their hard work in response to several rounds of revisions that were requested of them and for their timely response to other more technical matters, often at very short notice. Thanks also to the contributors for their role as peer reviewers, who graciously accepted requests to review chapters and provided constructive and useful feedback. This process, we feel, has strengthened the quality of the contributions immensely. It has been a pleasure to work with this team of very impressive academics to turn our idea for this book into a reality.
We also appreciate the support of Rachael Ballard, our publisher at Palgrave-Macmillan, for inviting us to work on this book project and for her assistance with the publication processes.
|
[] |
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https://openalex.org/W4285244898
|
Under the Cover of Covid-19: Containing Undisciplinarity and Contested Bodies
|
[
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"display_name": "Alexandra Fine",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777019822"
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"display_name": "Social distance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C172656115"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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"display_name": "Refugee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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{
"display_name": "Citizenship",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780781376"
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{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
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"display_name": "Criminology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C73484699"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
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"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
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"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
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"Turkey",
"Egypt"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4285244898
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Under the Cover of Covid-19:Containing Undisciplinarity and Contested Bodies Alexandra Fine (bio) Viruses are unruly. Containment strategies like masks, social distancing, and increased ventilation have been of utmost importance to public health efforts to slow the spread of the virus. Although aimed at protecting public health, COVID-19 containment measures range beyond viral concerns and have led to enhanced surveillance, increased policing, and extended disciplinary measures such as sweeps of homeless encampments, relocations of migrants and refugees to overcrowded camps, border shutdowns, and movement restrictions and travel bans. In identifying some unintentional, or overlooked, negative consequences of COVID-19 containment measures, I reiterate demands for healthcare equity and for greater access to healthcare that cares. These government interventions show that containment for public health targets not only the harmful potential of the virus but also the unruly, risky, or that which exceeds or defies disciplinary forms of order. The undisciplined can denote both this virus and those bodies existing outside of norms, of whiteness, able-bodiedness, citizenship, or respectability. Containment measures demarcate the included and the excluded. This line is never neutral, passive, or natural. Various global examples of containment—in the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, among migrants and refugees in Greece, and with the increasingly widespread use of "anti-epidemic" robot technologies—expose COVID-19's "unequal geographies," where the COVID-19 pandemic has "unevenly and unpredictably" impacted societies. In questioning the effects and motivations of such maneuvers, I suggest that the things containment "contains," or what I frame as the "undisciplined," have the disruptive power to intervene in regularity and the global crises of capitalism. The undisciplined are impacted by public health measures in ways that seem accidental, or unintentional, but the supposed neutrality of public health measures actually reproduce and exacerbate harm in certain contexts and for certain bodies. COVID-19 containment measures reveal an intertwined "biopolitical and necropolitical logic" where undisciplined contested bodies increasingly suffer.1 Contested bodies [End Page 56] are bodies with nowhere to go, bodies who are displaced, bodies who are perceived to be in the "wrong" place because their inherent presence is "wrong." In the U.S. and internationally, COVID-19 containment measures have targeted contested bodies through increased policing, surveillance, and security. As I write this in 2021, for example, The Biden administration has retained Title 42, a policy supposedly oriented around public health. Title 42 aims to "help prevent the introduction of COVID-19 into border facilities and into the United States," by immediately expelling migrants to "their country of last transit" rather than holding them in areas for processing.2 But, at the same time, Title 42 expulsions prevent asylum seekers from accessing potentially life-saving immigration processes due to "public health." Freedom House's 2020 Special Report details how governmental responses to COVID-19 (such as those by U.S. immigration forces) abuse power, silence critics, and weaken or close important institutions, which are often necessary to protect public health.3 This is not just a problem along the Mexico-U.S. border. Increased police violence and surveillance, brutal enforcement of curfew orders, and crackdowns against activists or any voices of opposition have been documented in Turkey, Egypt, Zimbabwe, Cambodia, Guatemala, Serbia, the Philippines, and other countries. For migrants and refugees in Greece, COVID-19 containment measures are particularly complex and rife with inconsistencies.4 In the Greek refugee camp Moria on the island of Lesbos, governmental containment measures have kept refugees in close proximity to each other and prevented them from accessing adequate care; even after Greece lifted restrictions for the civilian population, restrictions lasted weeks later for migrants and refugees.5 Although the government claims extra lockdowns exist for protection, many have critiqued this unequal and discriminatory treatment for exacerbating conditions of poor sanitation in already over-crowded camps and for contributing to an environment in which communicable diseases could more easily spread due to the inability to social distance, quarantine if infected, or practice regular handwashing. At once enhancing restrictions and increasing risk, these measures mark racialized populations as riskier and more prone to transmitting and contracting disease.6 Additionally, increased discrimination and hostility toward migrants or refugees from countries with higher COVID...
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https://openalex.org/W2059800499
|
Ephraim Saul Anderson
|
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"Turkey"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2059800499
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Microbiologist who drew attention to the human health implications of the careless use of antibiotics in farming. Born Oct 28, 1911, in Newcastle, UK, he died in London, UK, on March 14, 2006, aged 94 years. If government reports were known not by the names of their authors, but by the name of whoever did most to prompt their creation, the Swann Report of 1969 might well be familiar to us under a different name: the Anderson Report. Ephraim Saul Anderson—Andy to his friends and colleagues, E S Anderson to others—contributed to a major conceptual advance in his specialty when he realised that resistance to antibiotics would become a major health issue. Having appreciated the importance of this problem, he then persuaded others to act on this knowledge. Working at the Enteric Reference Laboratory of the Public Health Laboratory Service at Colindale in North London, UK, of which he became director in 1954, Anderson revealed how plasmids could spread antibiotic resistance genes horizontally through a bacterial population. Even more troublingly, the genes could pass between different species. Anderson also realised how the incautious use of antibiotics in agriculture as well as medicine was fuelling the emergence of resistant strains. When Anderson qualified as a doctor from Durham University in the early 1930s, the routine clinical application of penicillin was still many years away. Following stints as a family doctor, in hospital medicine, in the Royal Army Medical Corps, and as a bacteriologist at Hammersmith Hospital, London, he finally joined the organisation that was his natural habitat. By the time he arrived at Colindale in 1947, antibiotics had seized the public and professional imaginations. Anderson was about to spoil the fun. “He was very concerned about their implications for public health”, says his son Julian. “He felt that it was his duty as a government employee to ensure that the public's health was not put at risk.” Anderson's campaigning earned him few friends in the pharmaceutical industry or in agriculture. A colleague of that period, clinical scientist Lisa Ward who worked with Anderson for more than 10 years during the 1960s and 1970s, believes he was the right person to take on the task. “But he got very upset when people wouldn't take it on board, and then quite aggressive. At the end of the day though he won. If it hadn't been for Andy I don't think we would have had the Swann Committee.” Chaired by the zoologist Sir Michael Swann, the Committee was set up to review the public-health implications of the use of antibiotics by farmers and vets. It concluded that using human therapeutic agents as growth promoters was hazardous, and should be discontinued. Anderson applauded its recommendations, but felt that still more could have been done. The emergence of drug resistance in hospitals as an important problem came as no surprise to him. Although an interest in these matters came to dominate Anderson's scientific life, some of his earlier achievements, including contributions to optical microscopy and the visualisation of bacteriophage, are also noteworthy. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1968. Wider recognition of Anderson's contribution came in 1976 when he became a Commander of the British Empire; Ward thinks it should have been a knighthood. Although close friends speak fondly of him, it's the adjective “difficult” that keeps cropping up. “He was difficult but he was a perfectionist”, according to Ward. “He set high standards for himself, and expected those standards of anyone who worked for him. If you made a mistake or he wasn't happy with what you were doing, you knew about it. People who couldn't cope with that didn't last very long”, says Ward. Maureen de Saxe, another ex-colleague from Colindale, adds that youth and inexperience earned no concessions when it came to scrutiny and correction; Anderson eventually became a friend, “but it took me a few years to get to that point”. Anderson's son concedes all this, but thinks that without aggressively arguing his case on antibiotic use, perhaps no-one would have taken notice. With interests ranging from Turkish carpets to gardening, Anderson the scientist was only one facet of Anderson the man. His knowledge of music was encyclopaedic, says his son Julian, professor of composition at Harvard University. Anderson is survived by his three sons.
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https://openalex.org/W4214842077
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Breathing fire
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This year wildfires have rarely been out of the press. Since June, headlines have charted fires in Canada and the US Pacific northwest, Siberia, California, and countries around the Mediterranean, including Greece, Turkey, France, and Italy. At the time of writing, many of these fires continue to burn, and with the Australian bushfire season still to come, more such headlines might be expected. The increasing frequency and severity of wildfires over the past 40 years has been driven largely by the growing frequency of fire weather—the combination of hot, dry, and windy conditions—which, in the recently published IPCC Working Group I Sixth Assessment Report, was characterised as likely due to human influences and set to become still more common as the climate continues to heat. This issue of The Lancet Planetary Health includes a collection of four Articles exploring the health impacts of landscape fires, a term encompassing deliberately set fires (eg, for land management) as well as those that are not controlled. While the fires themselves cause widespread damage and threaten the lives of people fighting and fleeing them, it is the particulate matter in the smoke they produce that presents the greatest public health risk, and this is the focus of the collection. Gongbo Chen and co-authors give a global overview of these fires’ health impact by investigating deaths attributable to the acute effects of fire-related PM2·5 in 43 countries. Looking at acute exposures, they find increases of nearly 2% in cardiovascular, respiratory, and all-cause mortality per 10 μg/m3 of fire-related PM2·5. This is a larger health impact than conventional PM2·5, which they suggest could be due to greater toxicity or synergistic effects from wildfire smoke combining with other sources of ambient air pollution. Focusing on one of the countries most affected by wildfires, Tingting Le and co-authors look at the effects of short-term fire smoke exposure on emergency hospital admissions in Brazil. Accounting for background particulate matter emissions, they identify significant associations between fire smoke-related PM2·5 and respiratory and cardiovascular causes of hospital admissions, and greater vulnerability among the youngest and oldest members of the population. Despite the highest smoke-related PM2·5 exposures and health burden occurring in the states closest to the Amazon, the greatest number of attributable cases is actually in the highly populated southeast, highlighting the role of long-range atmospheric transport in spreading this risk across the country. The increased vulnerability of children and young people to the effects of fire-sourced PM2·5 poses a particular challenge in low- and middle-income countries, where most of the world's landscape fires occur. Tao Xue and co-authors describe how fire-sourced PM2·5 affects this vulnerable group using a sibling-matched case control study. They detect significant associations between child mortality and fire-sourced PM2·5, with effects increasing with the size of the fires. Between 2000 and 2014, the countries with the highest child mortality attributable to fire-sourced PM2·5 were Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Uganda, and Indonesia—countries where such fires rarely make international headlines. Wildfires might seem like an inevitability, but there are ways to prepare for them and reduce the damage they cause, with the creation of firebreaks being one of the main tools. This is most easily achieved through controlled fires, also known as prescribed burns. However, these are not without their hazards. Nicolas Borchers-Arriagada and co-authors present a health impact assessment of fire-related PM2·5 in New South Wales, Australia, comparing the health costs from wildfires to those from prescribed burns. Wildfires have larger costs by far, they report, but those of prescribed burns are still substantial, and costs per hectare are higher, likely due to their closer proximity to population centres. These results emphasise the need to include all health impacts when weighing up the costs and benefits of different control measures. The papers in this collection illustrate some of the health challenges associated with landscape fires and the smoke they produce, how this can travel over long distances, and who is particularly vulnerable to smoke effects. With the frequency and intensity of these fires set to continue to grow, fire control measures will only become more important, but these too need rigorous evaluation. Rapidly and deeply cutting emissions will be crucial to minimising the severity of wildfires in the future, but with increasingly severe wildfires already with us, adapting to minimise risks and related injustices is a parallel challenge.
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https://openalex.org/W2025921171
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Effect of US policies on women's health worldwide
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In your Nov 8 Editorial1The Lancet USA continues war over abortion.Lancet. 2003; 362: 1509Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar addressing the US abortion divide, you call on US policymakers to stop waging “war over abortion” and instead “provide comprehensive contraceptive services to the poor”, asserting that “it would do more to reduce abortion than passing bans”. The same suggestion holds for the White House itself, which 3 years ago reimposed the “global gag rule” banning abortion counselling and referral in US-subsidised nongovernmental family planning clinics around the world. But, in the developing world, unlike in the USA, such bans do more than restrict access to abortion services. Indeed, a new report, Access Denied: U.S. Restrictions on International Family Planning (http://www.globalgagrule.org, accessed Dec 22, 2003) shows that the global gag rule jeopardises the health of women and their families by impeding access to a wide array of life-affecting reproductive health services. Aimed at abortion, the gag rule eliminates access to family planning, AIDS-related services, and maternal care. The report, prepared by a coalition of organisations called the Global Gag Rule Impact Project, was the result of research in Ethiopia, Kenya, Romania, and Zambia from July, 2002, to May, 2003. Research teams visited health facilities and interviewed health providers, policymakers, programme managers, and donors. The resulting case studies document that the gag rule reduces access to health services and contraception in each of the four countries investigated. In Kenya, for example, where 24% of married women lack access to family planning and 15% of all adults are infected with HIV/AIDS, the gag rule has had devastating effects. Kenya's two most prominent family planning nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) closed five of their well established clinics, eliminating access to family planning, prenatal and postnatal obstetric care, well-baby care, cervical cancer screening, immunisations, and HIV/AIDS prevention services, including counselling and testing. Four of these clinics served nearly 24 000 clients each year and another was the only source of health care for a community of 300 000 people. In Ethiopia, where there are 1800 maternal deaths per 100000 deliveries and just 8% of women use contraceptives, two NGOs have lost access to US-donated contraceptives, including male and female condoms. At the same time, evidence is replete, worldwide, that greater access to contraceptives reduces reliance on abortion. An analysis of 11 countries2Marston C Cleland J Relationships between contraception and abortion: a review of the evidence.Int Fam Plan Persp. 2003; 29: 6-13Crossref PubMed Scopus (140) Google Scholar shows that increased contraceptive use and effectiveness leads to reduced abortion rates when other factors—such as fertility—are held constant. In an analysis of trends in Kazakhstan, for example, abortion decreased by 50% as contraceptive prevalence increased the same amount during the 1990s.3Westoff CF The substitution of contraception for abortion in Kazakhstan in the 1990s. Macro International, Calverton, MD2000Google Scholar In Turkey, where the abortion rate declined from a peak of 45 abortions per 1000 married women in 1988 to 25 per 1000 in 1998, an increased use of modern methods of contraception accounted for 87% of the decline in abortion.4Senlet P Curtis SL Mathis J Raggers H The role of changes in contraceptive use in the decline of induced abortion in Turkey.Stud Fam Plan. 2001; 32: 41-52Crossref PubMed Scopus (27) Google Scholar A study in Bangladesh found that lower abortion rates resulted from access to higher-quality family planning services.5Rahman M DaVanzo J Razzaque A Do better family planning services reduce abortion in Bangladesh?.Lancet. 2001; 358: 1051-1056Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (47) Google Scholar These findings underscore how misplaced and heavy-handed such bans are, especially in the context of the realities of medical care in the poorest regions of the world. While US policymakers wage an ideological war in the ether, the restrictions imposed on international family planning erode the services that can prevent abortion on the ground. Engender Health was a partner in the Global Gag Rule Impact Project and a contributor to the development of the report Access Denied: US Restrictions on International Family Planning.
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https://openalex.org/W2549344762
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Tobacco Addiction, Treatment Need More Attention by Clinicians
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Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Clinical and Research NewsFull AccessTobacco Addiction, Treatment Need More Attention by CliniciansAaron LevinAaron LevinSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:15 Nov 2016https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.pn.2016.11a14AbstractTobacco use is too often underrated as a real addiction, and treatment options are minimal.The American Society of Addiction Medicine’s criteria for addiction covers “all types of addictive substances from A to Z—except T,” said Jill Williams, M.D., a professor of psychiatry and director of the Division of Addiction Psychiatry at the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School in New Brunswick, N.J.Helping people—including those with mental illness—to quit smoking calls for expanding levels of care, increasing reimbursement, and providing more access to anti-smoking medications, says Jill Williams, M.D.Aaron LevinThe “T,” she reminded attendees last month at IPS: The Mental Health Services Conference, stands for the most common and most easily obtainable addictive substance: tobacco.“The fast uptake by way of smoking and the short half-life of nicotine means there is a need to smoke every few hours,” she said. “True, there is no acute intoxications effect, but the withdrawal symptoms are significant and lead to complications and relapse.”Cigarette smoke’s dangers go beyond nicotine. It contains 7,000 chemicals including at least 65 carcinogens, she said. Smoking complicates pregnancy and increases general morbidity.Both specialists and the public undervalue tobacco use as a problem, said Williams. Treatment is complicated by limited knowledge among clinicians about the effectiveness of treatment and by poor reimbursement.“What is needed are expanded levels of care, increased reimbursement, and better access to medications,” said Williams.Of particular concern to psychiatrists is the fact that while the overall number of individuals who smoke has declined in the United States, it has not declined among people with mental illness. One-third of people with severe mental illness smoke, and tobacco is responsible for 50 percent of the deaths among those individuals, she said. “If you smoke today in the United States, you are very likely to have a mental illness or be very poor.”At the same time, the attitude of the addiction community remains puzzling, said Williams. Patients arriving at residential drug treatment facilities may be forbidden to bring in books, but they can possess cigarettes—which are often considered a coping mechanism. The least likely places to provide tobacco treatment are private, for-profit facilities, she said. “Addicts go where they can use drugs.”Treatment is too often minimal. The most common treatment for tobacco addiction is also the least effective: pamphlets, nicotine patches, and going “cold turkey.”Barely half a step up from that level are the brief interventions found in outpatient primary care. Medicare pays $12.89 for a three-to-10-minute effort and $23.99 for more than 10 minutes. Medicaid, the single largest payer for mental illness care, has low reimbursement rates for smoking cessation and limits on treatment. Other barriers to care include copays, prior authorization requirements, and time and money limits. Residential care is more effective but rare.Nevertheless, treatment pays off, she said. It can save lives from heart attacks and other acute cardiovascular conditions. In addition, a dollar of care provides a $2.12 return on investment to the Medicaid program, although it takes three years for that payoff to occur. “Behavioral health professionals should take the lead in tobacco treatment,” said Williams. Tobacco dependence is a DSM-5 diagnosis, plus clinicians are trained to treat addiction and are experts in counseling.“When people get tobacco treatment, it’s usually low-intensity treatment regardless of how sick they are or the severity of their dependence or their biopsychosocial circumstances,” she said. That is quite different from other addiction care in which a range of treatment responses is available. For Williams, an ideal Medicaid benefit would include coverage of all seven FDA-approved medications for tobacco treatment: bupropion SR, nicotine gum, nicotine inhaler, nicotine lozenge, nicotine nasal spray, nicotine patch, and varenicline. “Combinations of these drugs should not be banned,” said Williams. “There is evidence that combining two nicotine-replacement medications is more effective than one.”Care should not be delayed by prior authorization, time limits on treatment, or requirements for stepped care or counseling, she said. Patients should have access to several courses of medications and multisession counseling each year. Copays should be eliminated or at least reduced significantly.Intensive outpatient treatment by a psychiatrist can improve management of co-occurring psychiatric illnesses and simplify prescribing of medications.“The main goal should be to help patients who have ongoing problems achieving abstinence, complicated biomedical and behavioral conditions, or limited support in the community,” she said. ■More information can be found in “Smoking and Mental Health: Five Things Every Psychiatrist Should Know.” ISSUES NewArchived
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https://openalex.org/W2194447251
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Physical activity, physical fitness and screen-time among Ecuadorian adolescents
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Similar to various low and middle income countries (LMICs), in Ecuador, the leading cause death is lifestyle related non-communicable disease (NCDs). Unfortunately preventive action to decrease the incidence of NCDs risk factors during adolescence is scarce. To our knowledge, there are no studies in Ecuador focused on improving the dietary intake, physical activity, physical fitness or sedentary patterns among adolescents. The present doctoral work aims to provide evidence on strategies to promote a healthy lifestyle in Ecuadorian adolescents. For this purpose, first we evaluated the current physical fitness among adolescents, and its association with dyslipidemia as the most prevalent NCD risk factor. Second, we analyzed the effect of a school-based health promotion program on physical fitness, physical activity and sedentary behaviors among adolescents. Finally, we assessed whether adolescents that are already at health risk such as overweight/obese and those with a low fitness level respond differently to the intervention program.
In order to study the current state of physical fitness among Ecuadorian adolescents, a cross sectional study in an urban (Cuenca city) and a rural (Nabon canton) area was conducted (Chapter 2.1). In total of 648 adolescents (52.3% boys), attending 8th, 9th and 10th grade of the secondary schools participated in this study. We found that the majority of adolescents (59%) had poor physical fitness according to the FITNESSGRAM standards. Urban participants showed better scores in the majority of EUROFIT tests compared to their rural peers. The physical fitness of the whole population was worse compared to that of adolescents from some other countries e.g. Spain, Belgium, Turkey, Poland and Mexico. These findings indicate the need for specific health promotion programs aiming to improve physical fitness among Ecuadorian adolescents. In this study we also found a weak association between physical fitness and blood lipid profile, even after adjustment for energy intake (Chapter 3).
A school-based health promotion program entitled “ACTIVITAL” was designed using the Intervention Mapping protocol and Comprehensive Participatory Planning and Evaluation approach. The program involved an individual and environmental component tailored to the local context and resources. The individual component included the delivery of an educational package organized at classroom level. The environmental component included (i) workshops with parents and staff in school canteens; (ii) social events at school such as an interactive session with famous young athletes and the preparation of a healthy breakfast and (iii) a walking trail that was drawn on the school playground (Chapter 2.2). A total of 1440 from 8th and 9th grade adolescents (intervention: n=700, 48.6%) from 20 schools (intervention: n=10, 50%) participated in the cluster-randomized pair-matched trial that lasted 28 months. Primary outcomes were dietary intake (24 recall questionnaire), physical fitness (EUROFIT battery), physical activity (accelerometers) and sedentary behaviors (screen-time self-reported questionnaire); the BMI, blood pressure, waist circumference were secondary outcomes. Results related to dietary intake, blood pressure and waist circumference were presented in a previous doctoral dissertation.
We found that the school-based health promotion program can improve physical fitness, minimize the decline in physical activity levels (Chapter 4) and mitigate the increase in screen-time among Ecuadorian adolescents (Chapter 5). Specifically, the intervention program increased the vertical jump (mean intervention effect=2.5cm; 95%CI 0.8-4.2; P=0.01). Although marginally insignificant, adolescents from the intervention group increased less time for speed shuttle run (mean intervention effect=-0.8s, 95%CI -1.58-0.07; P=0.05). The proportion of students achieving over 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity / day decreased over time with the change in proportion significantly less in the intervention schools (6 vs. 18 percentage points, P<0.01). Adolescents on the intervention group reported watching less television (intervention effect =-14.8 min, 95%CI -27.4 -2.5; P=0.02) and they also showed decreased total screen-time (intervention effect =-25 min, 95%CI -47.9 -2.8; P=0.03) on a weekend day.
Our results also suggest that the school-based health promotion program might improve the speed and muscular strength fitness components among low-fit and overweight/obese adolescents (Chapter 6). Specifically, the intervention effect on speed shuttle run was higher in overweight (intervention effect=-1.9 s, 95%CI -3.62 -0.08; P=0.04) adolescents compared to underweight (intervention effect =-1.7 s, 95%CI -6.31 to 2.97; P=0.5) or normal weight (intervention effect =-0.4s, 95%CI -1.63 to 0.93; P=0.6) peers. The intervention effect on vertical jump was higher in adolescents with poor physical fitness (intervention effect =3.7 cm, 95%CI 1.15; 6.28; P=0.005) compared to their fit (intervention effect =1.3 cm, 95%CI -1.77 to 4.32; P=0.4) peers.
We conclude that a school-based health promotion program with relatively few intervention objectives, strategies and activities, but refined with stakeholder participation could have an effect on physical fitness, physical activity and screen-time behaviors of Ecuadorian adolescents. Future interventions should try to include the health education program as a part of the official school curriculum as well as try to identify the barriers to parents’ participation in order to improve the effectiveness of the program (Chapter 7).
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The Journal of Alternative and Complementary MedicineAhead of Print AbstractsFree AccessAbstracts from Society for Acupuncture ResearchPandemics, Pain, & Public Health:Roles and Relevance of Traditional East Asian MedicineJune 14–17, 2021Published Online:8 Oct 2021https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2021.29097.abstractsAboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail Featured Poster AbstractsA.32 A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF ACUPUNCTURE THERAPIES FOR RECURRENT URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN WOMENMeaghan Coyle, RMIT University; Xindong Qin, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Jueyao Liang, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Lihong Yang, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Kaiyi Wang, RMIT University; Xinfeng Guo, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Anthony Lin Zhang, RMIT University; Wei Mao, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Chuanjian Lu, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine; Charlie C Xue, RMIT University; Xusheng Liu, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineIntroduction and Aims: Recurrent urinary tract infections are estimated to affect 30–44% of women. Antibiotics are effective for alleviating the symptoms of acute infections and are recommended to prevent recurrence, but antibiotic resistance remains a global challenge. Acupuncture has been suggested in clinical practice guidelines as an alternative option to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections in women based on the results of two clinical trials. This systematic review determined the efficacy and effectiveness of acupuncture therapies for recurrent urinary tract infections.Methods: Nine English and Chinese databases were searched from inceptions to February 2019. Randomised controlled trials that evaluated acupuncture‐related therapies for the management or prevention of uncomplicated UTI were included. Data were extracted, risk of bias was assessed and adherence to the Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) guidelines was determined. The primary outcomes were composite cure (defined as a resolution of symptoms and/or negative urine culture) and recurrence. Meta‐analysis used risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous outcomes and mean difference (MD) for continuous outcomes, with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Five randomised controlled trials were included; three recruited women with acute infections and two tested acupuncture as a preventative treatment. Information relating to STRICTA items ‘details of needling’, ‘treatment regimen’ and ‘control or comparator interventions’ were generally reported well. For women with acute infection, acupuncture therapies increased the chance of a composite cure more than antibiotics (RR 1.92 [95% CI 1.31, 2.81], I2 = 38%). Fewer instances of recurrence were reported with acupuncture compared to sham acupuncture (RR 0.45 [95% CI 0.22, 0.92]) and no treatment (RR 0.39 [95% CI 0.26, 0.58], I2 = 0%).Conclusions: Acupuncture may have a role to play in reducing reliance on antibiotics for women with recurrent urinary tract infections, but more research is needed to guide clinical decision‐making.A.14 ACUPUNCTURE DECREASED THE RISK OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS IN TAIWAN: A NATIONWIDE MATCHED COHORT STUDYGil Ton, Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.; Hung‐Rong Yen, College of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Yu‐Chen Lee, Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung, TaiwanObjectives: Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) are more likely to develop coronary heart disease (CHD) than the general population. Acupuncture is commonly used in OA patients however, the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on the risk of CHD in patients with OA and the association between OA patients and their risk to develop CHD in Taiwan are unknown. We investigated the risk of CHD according to acupuncture use in OA patients and compared it with the general population.Design: Records obtained from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database identified 84773 patients with OA, which were compared with 727,359 patients without OA diagnosis. 5046 of whom met study inclusion criteria, had 1:1 frequency matching and were categorized as OA‐acupuncture cohort (n = 1682) OA non‐acupuncture cohort (n = 1682) and non‐OA cohort (n = 1682). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis determined the risk of CHD, which was defined as the study main outcome. Therapeutic effects of acupuncture and medical expenditure were also analyzed.Results: OA non‐acupuncture cohort had 3.04 higher risk to develop CHD compared with OA‐acupuncture cohort (95% CI 2.54‐3.63 p < 0.001) and non‐OA cohort had 1.88 higher risk to develop CHD compared with OA‐acupuncture cohort (95% CI 1.52‐2.32 p < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, OA patients treated with both acupuncture and oral steroids were at significantly lower risk of CHD compared with those who used neither (aHR; 0.34 95% CI, 0.22‐0.53), and OA patients treated with acupuncture had the lowest medical expenditure in a follow‐up time of 6 months, 3 and 5 years.Conclusion: This is the first large‐scale investigation in Taiwan that shows the association between OA and CHD and the beneficial effects of acupuncture in OA patients and their associated risk to develop CHD. Our results may provide valuable information for health policy decision making. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these observational findings.A.36 ACUPUNCTURE FOR CHEMOTHERAPY‐ASSOCIATED INSOMNIA IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS: A PILOT RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALJialing Zhang, University of Hong Kong; Zongshi Qin, University of Hong Kong; Tsz Him So, University of Hong Kong; Haiyong Chen, University of Hong Kong; Lixing Lao, University of Hong Kong; Zhangjin Zhang, University of Hong KongObjective: Chemotherapy‐associated insomnia is a highly prevalent complaint in breast cancer patients. This study was undertaken to evaluated the feasibility, preliminary efficacy and safety of acupuncture for chemotherapy‐associated insomnia in breast cancer patients. This pilot study would provide useful information for designing a larger clinical trial.Methods: In this randomized, assessor‐blinded, wait‐list controlled trial, 30 breast cancer patients with insomnia under or post chemotherapy were randomly allocated to either the acupuncture group (n = 15) or the wait‐list control group (n = 15). Participants in the acupuncture group received acupuncture treatment (electroacupuncture plus auricular acupressure) twice a week for 6 weeks. Participants from the wait‐list control group received the same regime of acupuncture treatment after the 6‐week of waiting period. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) served as the primary outcome measurement. Depression, anxiety, multidimensional health‐related quality of life (QoL) were also evaluated. A linear mixed‐effects models were used for analyses.Results: Twenty‐eight participants completed study (13 in the acupuncture group versus 15 in the wait‐list control group). At week‐6 post‐intervention, ISI score change from baseline showed significant between‐group difference favoring acupuncture group of −2.9 points (95% CI: −5.2 to −0.6, P = 0.014). The acupuncture group showed greater improvements in the total sleep time (P = 0.026), scores of PSQI (P = 0.012), HADS‐depression (P = 0.020), and FACT‐B (P < 0.001) compared with the control group. Improvements were maintained at week‐10 and week‐14 follow‐ups.Conclusions: Acupuncture treatment was a feasible, acceptable, safe and effective intervention for chemotherapy‐associated insomnia in breast cancer patients under or post chemotherapy. A larger sample size randomized clinical trial is warranted to confirm the present findings.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03762694.A.51 AURICULAR ACUPRESSURE FOR PATIENTS WITH EMOTIONAL DISTRESS UNDER THE COVID‐19 PANDEMIC: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALPeijing Rong, Institute of Acu.‐Moxi., China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Lei Wang, Institute of Acu.‐Moxi., China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Lingling Yu, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College; Junying Wang, Institute of Acu.‐Moxi., China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesPurpose: To confirm whether self‐administered AVNA treatment is effective in improving emotional distress under the COVID‐19 pandemic.Methods: A smartphone‐based online, randomized, controlled trial was designed from 26 February 2020 to 28 April 2020 in four study sites, including Wuhan, Beijing, Shenyang, and Guangzhou of China. Local residents who had considerable emotional distress with a score of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) ≥9 were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to three times of AVNA (n = 191) per day, in morning, around noon, and in evening or usual care (UC, n = 215) once daily for 14 days. The primary outcome was the response rate, which was the proportion of participants whose Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score reduced from baseline by ≥50%. The assessment was conducted at baseline, 3 days, and 14 days.Results: The AVNA group had a markedly higher response rate than the UC group at 3 days (35.6% vs. 24.9%, P = 0.02) and at 14 days (70.7% vs. 60.6%, P = 0.02). The AVNA group showed significantly greater reduction in scores of HADS at the two measurement points and BAI at 3 days (P ≤ 0.03), with average respective effect size of 0.217 and 0.195. Participants with AVNA spent less time falling asleep and rated their sleep quality being remarkably higher than those with UC at endpoint.Conclusion: During COVID‐19 pandemic period, treatment with self‐administrated AVNA was more effective than UC in reducing emotional distress of isolated populations. These findings support self‐administered AVNA as a treatment option for patients with emotional distress under the COVID‐19 pandemic or other emergent events.A.56 COMPARISON BETWEEN VAGAL NERVE STIMULATION AND ELECTROACUPUNCTURE AT ST‐36 FOR TREATING OPIOID‐INDUCED CONSTIPATION IN RATSYiling Zhang, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; Li Cui, Johns Hopkins University; Xue Lin, Johns Hopkins University; Jiande Chen, University of MichiganAims: Constipation and opioid‐induced constipation (OIC) are high prevalence with limited therapies. We investigated the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at ST‐36 on OIC in rats and compared its performance with vagal nerve stimulation (VNS).Methods: Acute study: 8 rats implanted with electrodes at the sub‐diaphragmatic vagal nerve for VNS and another 8 rats implanted with electrodes at acupoints ST‐36 for EA. All rats were also implanted with a catheter in the proximal colon for assessing whole colon transit. Chronic study: 30 rats were treated daily with loperamide for 7 days to induce OIC then divided into three groups (N = 10 each) treated with daily EA, VNS and sham‐stimulation for a week, respectively. Feces were collected daily. Whole gut transit time (WGTT) and distal colon transit time (dCTT) were measured.Results: 1) Both VNS and EA at ST‐36 accelerated the whole colon transit (Fig.1) and no difference between the two; 2) Chronic VNS increased the number of daily fecal pellets (39 ± 5 vs. 28 ± 4, P < 0.05, VNS vs. sham‐VNS), wet weight of daily fecal pellets (6.5 ± 0.8 g vs. 4.5 ± 0.4 g, P < 0.05, VNS vs. sham‐VNS), and water content in feces (31.0 ± 2.8 % vs. 20.4 ± 3.6 %, P < 0.05, VNS vs. sham‐VNS). EA at ST‐36 showed similar effects and no difference between the two. 3) Both chronic VNS and EA at ST‐36 shortened WGTT (10.0 ± 1.1 h vs. 12.5 ± 2.3 h, P < 0.05, EA vs. sham‐VNS) and dCTT (17.7 ± 0.7 min vs. 25.0 ± 2.3 min, P < 0.05, EA vs. sham‐VNS); there was no significant difference between the two.Conclusions: EA at ST‐36 improves constipation by enhancing gastrointestinal motility and its effect is as effective as VNS in a rodent model of OIC.A.9 DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL ACUPUNCTURE RESEARCH CURRICULUM FOR EAM SCHOOLSHeidi Most, Maryland University of Integrative Health; Lisa Conboy, New England School of Acupuncture at MCPHS; Rosaleen Ostrick, Yo San UniversityPurpose: The Society for Acupuncture Research (SAR) is an international group of researchers from major medical and research institutions dedicated to improving the quality and increasing the awareness of research in acupuncture. At the June 2019 SAR conference, a seminar was organized to advance acupuncture research education for EAM students. Out of that conference, SAR participants formed a special interest group on education (SAR SIG‐Edu). Fourteen members from EAM schools across the US and Brazil have been collaboratively contributing to a model curriculum and coordinating through bi‐monthly meetings. One of our goals is to create a model Acupuncture Research curriculum which includes: (1) existing basic science and clinical evidence, its strengths and shortcomings, (2) acupuncture research challenges, and (3) an experiential component to give students a sense of research activities.Methods: We began with a draft syllabus from Dr. Ari Ojeda Ocampo More. Across multiple Zoom meetings and with the help of our members, we iteratively expanded the curriculum and created other resources.Results: This presentation explains our collaborative process and is a venue to share the final curriculum.Conclusion: Creating a detailed curriculum and resources that are available to all EAM schools would improve students' knowledge of the evidence base that exists for acupuncture. An enhanced knowledge base enables them to be valued members of an integrative medicine team as more informed practitioners who incorporate evidence into their treatments. The affiliation with SAR lends legitimacy to the work of SAR SIG‐Edu, which enhances our ability to further develop the curriculum and encourage its adoption. It may also be of interest to international EAM schools.A.39 HERBAL MEDICINE AS A CRITICAL ELEMENT OF INTEGRATIVE CANCER CARE: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HERBAL DISPENSARY PROGRAM AT MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTERYen Nien Hou, MSKCC; Jun Mao, MSKCCObjective: Many cancer patients and survivors use herbs for symptom relief and to prevent disease recurrence. To integrate botanicals used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with proven benefit and safety into cancer care, the Integrative Medicine Service (IMS) along with the Pharmacy division at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) initiated an herbal dispensary. This study aims to analyze data from this program to inform integrative oncology practice and future research.Methods: Patient demographics; herbal prescriptions (type, dose and duration); patient compliance; and pharmacosurveillance data (concomitant drug use and side effects) were documented by IMS physicians and a TCM‐trained pharmacist. The outcomes included prevalence of herbal medicine use; patient characteristics (age, gender, race, cancer type and stage, purpose of use, venue, insurance coverage); the most commonly used herbal formula/single herb and its indication(s), clinical effects, side effects; and concomitant drug use/herb‐drug interactions.Results: Since the program launch in February 2019, 1,172 supplements were dispensed to 736 unique patients. The top indications and corresponding products dispensed were pain/external pain plaster; constipation/Ma Zi Ren Wan; and immunomodulation/turkey tail mushroom.Conclusions: The Integrative Medicine Service at MSK successfully launched an herbal dispensary program – the first of its kind at a National Cancer Institute‐designated cancer center – to integrate herbal therapies into cancer care. The dispensary also helped identify promising supplements for conducting future clinical trials. The data obtained will be used to educate physicians and patients about the safety and efficacy of these products. The findings will also be translated into monographs that will be published on IMS's About Herbs (www.aboutherbs.com) database.A.61 MULTI‐BRAIN FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY DURING ELECTRO‐ACUPUNCTURE IN PATIENT‐CLINICIAN DYADS: AN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY (EEG) HYPERSCAN APPROACHAlessandra Anzolin, MGH/HMS Athinoula Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging; Arvina Grahl, MGH/HMS Athinoula Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging; Kylie Isenburg, Boston University; Jlenia Toppi, Sapienza, University of Rome; Angela Ciaramidaro, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Maya Barton Zuckerman, MGH/HMS Athinoula Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging; Meryem Yucel, Boston University; Dan‐Mikael Ellingsen, University of Oslo; Laura Astolfi, Sapienza, University of Rome; Ted Kaptchuk, Harvard Medical School; Vitaly Napadow, Harvard Medical SchoolIn chronic pain management and treatment, a positive patient‐clinician relationship is associated with higher patient satisfaction and treatment efficacy. In this study, we investigated synchronization of brain activity between patients and clinicians during an experimentally controlled augmented (empathetic) compared to limited (business‐like) clinical interaction context. We recorded EEG simultaneously (hyperscanning, 16 dyads, 64 channels per subject) from low back pain patients and acupuncturists during a task with treatment trials (electro‐acupuncture) and no‐treatment trials in conjunction with evoked cuff pain. EEG data were reconstructed using the algorithm eLORETA on 17 Regions of Interest (ROIs) defined by our previous fMRI study (Ellingsen et al. 2020) and directed statistical connectivity patterns were obtained by comparing Granger Causality‐based estimates for treatment and no‐treatment trials (α = 0.05, FDR corrected). Patients in the augmented group, compared to the limited group, rated therapeutic alliance and clinician warmth significantly higher (Fig.1a, p < 0.01). Low back pain intensity decreased after acupuncture treatment, irrespective of clinical context (Fig.1b, p < 0.01). EEG analysis suggested that in Theta band (linked with empathy for pain in prior EEG studies), inter‐brain network density within social mirroring and pain/sensorimotor brain regions was altered when acupuncturists treated evoked pain. The number of significant inter‐brain clinician‐to‐patient connections was higher in the no‐treatment condition (Fig.1c), while the number of patient‐to‐clinician connections were greater during treatment trials. Also, the density of patient‐to‐clinician inter‐brain connections increased during treatment relative to no‐treatment irrespective of clinical context, yet statistical significance was noted only for the augmented group (Fig.1d, p < 0.01). Both behavioral and simultaneous brain‐to‐brain responses across the patient/clinician dyad reflect clinical interaction context. EEG hyperscanning is an ecologically valid approach to identify inter‐brain networks whose density and directionality within the dyad is altered by electro‐acupuncture and clinical context, highlighting new brain mechanisms linking therapeutic alliance and chronic pain therapy.A.63 NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL CORRELATES OF PATIENT‐CLINICIAN THERAPEUTIC ALLIANCE IN A LONGITUDINAL ACUPUNCTURE INTERVENTION: AN FMRI HYPER‐SCANNING STUDYArvina Grahl, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Alessandra Anzolin, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Kylie Isenburg, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Jeungchan Lee, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Maya Barton‐Zuckerman, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Dan‐Mikael Ellingsen, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Changjin Jung, KM Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea; Jessica Gerber, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; John Kelley, Endicott College, Beverly, MA, United States; Irving Kirsch, Program in Placebo Studies & Therapeutic Encounter (PiPS), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Ted Kaptchuk, Program in Placebo Studies & Therapeutic Encounter (PiPS), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Vitaly Napadow, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United StatesPrevious research suggests that a warm‐empathic (Augmented) compared to a neutral business‐like (Limited) patient‐clinician relationship can improve clinical outcomes. The clinical relationship is important to acupuncture therapy, which includes multiple sessions allowing for an evolving patient‐clinician relationship. We applied fMRI hyperscanning including a video connection between two scanners and an evoked cuff pressure pain‐treatment paradigm to determine whether behavioral, neural, and clinical variables associated with therapeutic alliance influence clinical outcomes. Eleven women with fibromyalgia (mean age = 38.55, SD = 11.25), randomly assigned to either an Augmented (N = 5) or a Limited (N = 6) patient‐clinician dyad interaction style, were treated with electro‐acupuncture for 6 biweekly sessions, and scanned before and after the acupuncture intervention. Clinical outcomes and the quality of the patient‐clinician relationship were assessed (e.g. pain levels, therapeutic alliance, warmth). As rated by patients, pooled therapeutic alliance and clinicians' warmth in the Augmented group (mean_alliance = 43.17, SD = 2.84; mean_warmth = 4.00, SD = 0.0) were significantly higher than in the Limited group (mean_alliance = 28.84, SD = 9.97; mean_warmth = 3.14, SD = 0.72; t_alliance(9) = 3.04, p = 0.014; t_warmth(9) = 2.65; p = 0.027). Additionally, over all 6 acupuncture treatment sessions, most patients experienced post‐treatment clinical pain relief (p < 0.001) irrespective of group assignment. However, after the 3‐week intervention, patients in the augmented group expected a higher likelihood of fibromyalgia pain relief from future acupuncture and reported a higher probability of continuing to see their assigned acupuncturist for future treatments. Based on results of our previous hyperscan fMRI study (Ellingsen et al., 2020), brain imaging data analysis will focus on social mirroring areas such as the temporo‐parietal junction (TPJ).Our preliminary results from this longitudinal patient‐acupuncturist interaction study highlight the positive influence of the therapeutic relationship on brain processing of nociceptive signaling and clinical outcomes. Moreover, we hope that our results will inform future chronic pain treatment approaches, to harness the positive effects of the patient‐clinician relationship.A.13 SELF‐ADMINISTERED ACUPRESSURE FOR INSOMNIA DISORDER: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALWing Fai YEUNG, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Ka Fai CHUNG, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong; Zhang Jin ZHANG, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong; Lixing LAO, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong; Lorna Kwai Ping SUEN, School of Nursing, Tung Wah College; Fiona Yan Yee HO, Department of Psychology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong; Lai Ming HO, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong; Branda Yee‐Man YU, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityObjectives: To evaluate the effects of self‐administered acupressure for insomnia disorder delivered by a training course.Hypothesis: Subjects in the self‐administered acupressure group will have greater improvement in insomnia symptoms and daytime impairment than those in the sleep hygiene education (SHE) group at week4 and 8 week‐8.Design and Methods: A randomized controlled trial with 200 subjects, which were randomized into the self‐administered acupressure group or sleep hygiene education group in a 1:1 ratio. Subjects in the self‐administered acupressure group attended an acupressure training course (2 sessions, 2 hours each) to learn self‐administered acupressure, which were then performed every night for 4 weeks. Subjects in the comparison group received sleep hygiene education (2 sessions, 2 hours each) and be reminded to follow the sleep hygiene practice daily for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Other measures included a 7‐day sleep diary and actigraphy, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Short‐form Six‐Dimension.Results: The subjects in the self‐administered acupressure group had a significantly lower ISI score than the subjects in the sleep hygiene education group at week 4 (d = 0.51, P < 0.001) and 8 (d = 0.67, P < 0.001). Subjects in self‐administered acupressure group had a higher sleep‐diary‐derived TST and SE than those in sleep hygiene education group at week 4 (Cohen's d = 0.32 and 0.32, respectively, all p = 0.03). In addition, self‐administered acupressure showed a greater improvement in HADS‐anxiety (d = 0.35, p = 0.02), HADS depression score (d = 0.28, p = 0.049) and the SF6D (d = 0.32, p = 0.02) at week 4, but not week 8.Conclusions: Self‐administered acupressure taught is a feasible and effective approach to improve sleep and related daytime impairment as well as mood problems in individuals with insomnia disorder.A.44 SHEN LING BAI ZHU SAN FOR CHRONIC DIARRHEA ‐ A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF RCTS AND META‐ANALYSISHui Wang, MSKCC; Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Yen‐Nien Hou, MSKCC; Mingxiao Yang, MSKCC; Ye Feng, MSKCC: Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute; Yi Lily Zhang, MSKCC; Colleen M. Smith, MSKCC; Wei Hou, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Jun J. Mao, MSKCC; Gary Deng, MSKCCObjective: Many cancer patients experience chronic diarrhea, a debilitating symptom for which effective treatment strategies are lacking. Shen Ling Bai Zhu San (SLBZS) is a botanical formulation used in traditional Chinese medicine to manage diarrhea. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the available evidence of anti‐diarrheal efficacy of SLBZS.Methods: Both English and Chinese language databases were searched through April 20, 2020 for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Fourteen RCTs involving 1,158 participants were included. Reported outcomes included stool frequency, stool consistency, patient‐reported satisfaction of chronic diarrhea treatment, and adverse events (AEs). Controls used were prescription drugs and in one study placebo SLBZS.Results: Quality of the studies ranged from low to high risk of bias. One small study reported SLBZ's effects on objective outcomes (no significant reduction in stool frequency but a significant improvement in stool consistency in week 12, when compared to placebo). Meta‐analysis showed that SLBZS with or without conventional medicine was associated with higher patient‐reported satisfaction compared to conventional medicine (RR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.40 to 3.29; p = 0.0004; I2 = 0%; and RR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.84 to 2.97; p < 0.00001, I2 = 0). The risk of AEs was not greater with SLBZS (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.28 to 0.84; p = 0.009; I2 = 0%).Conclusions: This systematic review found that treatment with SLBZS significantly improved patient‐reported satisfaction. Well‐designed RCTs with larger sample sizes, lower bias, and strong primary endpoints are needed to further determine the efficacy of SLBZS in reducing stool frequency, and in improving stool consistency for specific gastrointestinal disease.A.79 SPINAL ADIPONECTIN IS INVOLVED IN ELECTROACUPUNCTURE‐PRODUCED ANALGESIC EFFECTSZhipeng Ning, The University of Hong Kong; Haiyong Chen, The University of Hong Kong; Zhangjin Zhang, The University of Hong Kong; Lixing Lao, Virginia University of Integrative MedicinePurpose: To determine whether electroacupuncture (EA)‐produced analgesic effects require the involvement of adiponectin (APN) in the spinal cordMethods: Male C57BL/6J mice, and APN knockout (KO) and wild‐type (WT) mice with a C57BL/6J background were used. Inflammatory pain was induced on hand paw by subcutaneously injection of 0.02 ml complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). EA of 10 Hz, 2.5 mA and 0.1 ms pulse‐width at acupoint GB30 bilaterally was administrated for 20 min. Sham EA was performed with no‐invasive needle taped on the skin of the point with no electrical current delivered. Recombinant mouse APN protein or vehicle was administrated intrathecally. Paw‐withdrawal latency (PWL) and paw‐withdrawal threshold (PWT) tests were used to measure pain sensitivity. Western blotting (WB) and Immunofluorescence (IF) was used to detect protein expression of spinal APN.Results: Results showed EA reduced 22.87% mechanical allodynia (79.95 ± 1.14% vs 57.08 ± 3.49%, P < 0.001) and 18.17% thermal hyperalgesia (76.00 ± 1.10% vs 57.83 ± 1.65%, P < 0.001) at 5h post‐CFA when compared with sham EA in WT mice, but EA had no significant benefits in mice lacking APN. Moreover, after treatment with 1ng, 10ng, and 100ng recombinant APN. Mechanical allodynia reduced from 82.23 ± 0.78% to 72.34 ± 2.79% (P = 0.0679), 50.69 ± 2.26% (P < 0.001), and 49.99 ± 2.99% (P < 0.001). Thermal hyperalgesia reduced from 80.25 ± 1.43% to 73.19 ± 2.34% (P = 0.3108), 58.42 ± 3.05% (P < 0.001), and 55.17 ± 1.71% (P < 0.001). Furthermore, we confirmed that APN does co‐locate with vascular endothelial marker, not neuronal, microglial, or astrocytic markers in spinal dorsal horn (SDH) and discovered that EA triggers increased APN level on the ipsilateral side of spinal cord at 5h post‐CFA when compares with sham EA group (1.13 ± 0.04 vs 1.42 ± 0.08 in WB examination, P < 0.0
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MTE01.02 Strategies to Improve Tobacco Control in Central European Countries
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Up to now strategies of tobacco control, which were successful in Australia, North America and Western Europe have been introduced only in few Central European countries. Implementing the EU Tobacco Product Directive Austria extended existing smoking bans, advertising bans and mailing bans for tobacco products to e-cigarettes. Still missing is an enforced smoking ban without exceptions in the hospitality industry, an advertising ban and display ban at point of sale, ban of vending machines, increase of age limit for buying any cigarettes and tobacco products to 18 years, enforcement of age control by regular test purchases, ban of free cigarettes (still allowed for introduction of new sorts), extension of warnings and ban of aromas to cigars and pipes, smoke-free hospitals and health care centers, smoke-free school premises without exceptions, smoke-free playgrounds and cars carrying children, smoke-free public transportation including stations, increase of tobacco tax earmarked for tobacco prevention (up to now only the quitline has regular funding), stop of state funding for media violating article 13 FCTC, enforcement of article 5.3 FCTC (transparency law), obligatory TV air time (e.g. 90 min/month like in Turkey) for promotion of non-smoking, inclusion of smoking prevention and cessation in the curricula of health professionals, covering of counseling for smokers by health insurance, more frequent surveys on smoking prevalence, including cotinine tests for risk groups (pregnant women) and opinion leaders (journalists, health care workers), scientific evaluations of efficacy and effectiveness of smoking prevention and smoking cessation programs. Other Central European countries are facing similar problems. 13 of 16 federal states of Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and most cantons of Switzerland did not succeed to pass and enforce smoking bans without exceptions in the hospitality industry. Germany is still violating the EU tobacco advertising ban and the Czech Republic recently failed to ban the use of water-pipes and e-cigarettes in enclosed spaces. Austria was the only Central European state, which ratified the FCTC smuggling protocol up to now. Switzerland did not even ratify FCTC and was abused by the tobacco industry as a base to sue and intimidate small countries like Uruguay for their progress in tobacco control. The Swiss government prepared amendments for the tobacco law without considering the EU tobacco directive. Tighter restrictions on tobacco advertising will probably be eliminated from the Swiss law. A ban of sponsoring by tobacco companies was not even considered within Switzerland. Lobbies in the Federal parliament and the government were able to block also comprehensive smoking bans. Fortunately, the country offers other political tools to progress, namely that counties can go for better policies, and Federal “initiatives” can be launched to bring issues to the ballots. In fact, 8 out of 26 Swiss Counties successfully adopted comprehensive smoking bans with no exemption. The Swiss parliament, however, was not even enabled to raise minimum prices of tobacco. If the Track-and-Tracing-System of TPD-II is not joined, Switzerland might become a platform for international tobacco smuggling. In restaurants smaller than 80 square meters employers can still choose to permit smoking. The largest progress of tobacco control in Switzerland was due to a tobacco prevention fund, financed from tobacco taxes (2.6 Rappen per pack of cigarette sold) since 2004. This fund finances also tobacco monitoring and smoking cessation (training of professionals). Swiss health insurance covers both counseling and pharmaceutical support of smoking cessation. The largest progress of tobacco control in Central Europe was seen in Hungary, which received the WNTD reward by WHO in 2013 and improved its ranking by the European Cancer Leagues from place 27 in 2010 to place 11 in 2013. Only in Hungary there is a total ban on smoking in all enclosed public places (except prisons and psychiatric wards) since 2012, and tobacco shops (reduced from 40 000 to 6 045) must not be entered below age 18. There is no tobacco advertising outside these shops, no vending machine for cigarettes and plain packaging was introduced in 2016. The main obstacle against improvement of tobacco control in the EU is corruption of certain politicians and media by the tobacco industry and the subsidiarity principle in public health. The Green Paper of the EU “Towards a Europe free from tobacco smoke” showed policy options. 24 ministers of health voted on November 30, 2009 in favor of implementing the WHO- FCTC until 2012, but not the representatives of Austria, Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. Up to now the implementation of FCTC and the EU Council Recommendation on Smoke-free Environments is voluntary. All countries of Central Europe except Switzerland ratified the FCTC treaty, but nonsmoker’s protection follows article 8 only in Hungary. In Central and Eastern Europe tobacco taxes and cigarette prices are much lower than in Northern and Western Europe. In a European ranking according to tobacco price increase by taxes, smoking restrictions at work and in public places, consumer information, tobacco advertising bans, health warnings and access to smoking cessation therapy, Austria, Germany, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Greece and Lithuania had the poorest score and would need help by more advanced EU members to reach Western standard. In summary, tobacco control in Central Europe needs enforcement of FCTC, in particular article 5.3, to stop interference of tobacco industry; application of strategies formulated by WHO (Monitor tobacco use & prevention, Protect from passive smoking, Offer help to quit, Warn about dangers, Enforce bans on ads & promotion, Raise tobacco tax) and the World Bank (Curbing the Epidemic: Governments and the Economics of Tobacco Control); financing of tobacco prevention and cessation by tobacco taxes; comprehensive bans on advertising, promotion and sponsorship of tobacco products and e-cigarettes (including ban of vending machines, display ban at point of sales, plain packaging, stop of state funding for media violating article 13 FCTC); enforcement of smoke-free public places (without exceptions for hospitality industry), workplaces, schools, kindergartens, playgrounds, public transportation and private cars carrying minors and promotion of nonsmoking by schools and media campaigns. prevention, cessation, Central Europe, Tobacco Control
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Herman Wold medal winners 2007–2009
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Awards and medals are an important mechanism by which scientific societies increase awareness and recognition of important fields of study. To honor researchers who have made an important impact in the field of chemometrics, the Chemometrics Division of the Swedish Chemical Society founded The Herman Wold medal in 1995. The Herman Wold medal is struck in pure gold and highlights important advances in chemometrics. It is named after the Swedish statistician Herman Wold (1908–1992) who worked in the field of time series analysis and econometrics at Uppsala University. The recipients of the medal are persons who have contributed significantly to the development and proliferation of chemometrics in research, development and production. In addition, this should be done “in the spirit of Herman Wold.” It has become a tradition that the winner of the Herman Wold medal is announced at a meeting in the biannual series of Scandinavian Symposium on Chemometrics conferences (SSC). The first Herman Wold medal recipient was Svante Wold (SSC4, Lund, Sweden, 1995), followed by Agnar Höskuldsson (SSC5, Lahti, Finland, 1997), Harald Martens (SSC6, Porsgrunn, Norway, 1999), John MacGregor (SSC7, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2001), Rolf Carlson (SSC8, Mariehamn, Åland, Finland, 2003), and Olav Kvalheim (SSC9, Reykjavik, Iceland, 2005). At SSC10 in Lappeenranta 2007 Professor Pentti Minkkinen, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland, was awarded with the seventh Herman Wold medal for his work in sampling strategies. As an associate expert in two United Nations' Mineral exploration projects in Turkey and Egypt in 1973–1975, professor Minkkinen became interested in analytical quality control. In 1976 he was appointed as an Associate Professor and later on full Professor in Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry at Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. After retiring at the end of 2007, he still remains scientifically active, especially in the field of sampling. He was also a member of EURACHEM Working Group for Uncertainty arising from Sampling 2004–2007and an Associate Member of the Division of Analytical Chemistry, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) 2006–2009. Professor Minkkinen has over 80 original research articles in peer review journals, of which 15 are on sampling. The eighth Herman Wold medal was received by Professor Michael Sjöström, Umeå University, Sweden in 2008. This was announced at the Euro-QSAR meeting in Uppsala in September 2008. Professor Sjöström was the first graduate student at the Research Group for Chemometrics, Umeå University, Sweden. He got his Ph.D. there in 1976 with a thesis on the theory and statistics of the Hammett equation and other extra-thermodynamical relationships. This was the beginning of the Umeå Chemometrics group, which then led to the SIMCA method and later to PLS for quantitative pattern recognition. After his dissertation he spent a post-doc year with Bruce Kowalski in University of Washington in Seattle. He then returned to Umeå, where he spent a fruitful chemometrics/physical organics career on research and education in the areas of structure-reactivity and structure activity (QSAR) relationships, solvent effects (the Kamlet-Taft controversy), sequence activity relationships, PLS, PLS-discriminant analysis, and similar problems. Professor Sjöström has over 175 scientific articles in international journals. Sjöström has been a central person in Chemometrics, and has been part of the Umeå group since its beginning around 1968. His kind but clever personality very much contributed to its success. Michael is also one of the founders of the International Chemometrics Society. Associate Professor Johan Trygg, Umeå University, Sweden, received his Herman Wold medal at the SSC11 in Loen/Stryn, Norway, 2009, joining the group of well-known and legendary professors at an early age. He was rewarded for his creative development of new methods for modeling and interpretation of biological and medical data by OPLS (orthogonal projections to latent structures). OPLS is already in use by more than 150 Swedish companies, 50 international institutions and the 10 largest pharmaceutical companies in the world. It has also become a standard method in the rapidly growing field of “omics” research. Professor Trygg has over 90 publications in international Journals. Johan Trygg is also now the Chair of the Chemometrics Division of the Swedish Chemical Society. The editorial group behind this double issue also recently had a chance to interview Professor Svante Wold, the son of Herman Wold, who together with Michael Sjöström and Rolf Carlson shaped the “Umeå-school” of chemometrics research and education: “I am impressed by the broad scope and the investigative skills presented by the group of articles compiled in this issue,” says Svante, and continues “I really enjoy seeing so many excellent studies being produced in the spirit of the work done by Herman.” Svante has formally retired from Umeå University and today runs his own company (NNS Consulting) together with his wife Nouna. He has also contributed one article to this special issue: “I will always continue to do chemometrics research, at my own pace, and try to propose simple, reliable and interpretable solutions to important data analytical issue,” says Svante. With this statement, he actually summarizes the gist of the many papers featured in this issue, namely to advance the chemometrics toolbox to include ever improving methods for the benefit of the people who analyze our continually increasing masses of data. This special issue of the Journal of Chemometrics is to honor the Herman Wold medal winners 2007–2009: Professor Pentti Minkkinen, Professor Michael Sjöström, and Associate Professor Johan Trygg. The editorial group is very grateful to all the contributors and we are proud of the final result.
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Forging a career as a child and adolescent psychiatry researcher in Nigeria: Surmounting challenges and taking opportunities
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I qualified as a psychiatrist, specialising in child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP), in Nigeria in 2011. At this time, global knowledge of CAP had been driven largely by research conducted in high-income countries (HIC), with only about 2% of global CAP research originating from authors in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) [[1]Kieling C. Rohde L.A. Child and adolescent mental health research across the globe.J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012; 51: 945-947Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (16) Google Scholar]. Yet, the highest burden of CAP disorders reside in LMICs where there is a disproportionately high population of children with increased mental-health risks. These risks are related to poverty and include poor obstetrics and neonatal care, nutritional deficiencies, poor primary support, exposure to violence and abuse, as well as communicable and potentially neurotoxic infectious diseases (such as measles, rubella, and HIV/AIDS). An epidemiological survey of adolescents sampled from LMICs including Nigeria (up to 2011), has shown that at least one in ten adolescents has psychiatric morbidities which require psychiatric/psychological intervention [[2]Atilola O. Balhara Y.P.S. Stevanovic D. Avicenna M. Kandemir H. Self-reported mental health problems among adolescents in developing countries: results from an international pilot sample.J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2013; 34: 129-137Crossref PubMed Scopus (28) Google Scholar]. Though I was brimming with enthusiasm to contribute to efforts to bridge the CAP research and service-gaps, I recognised the challenges ahead. These challenges stemmed from pervasive poor understanding of childhood psychopathology at a population level and the severely constrained child mental-health service in the country. As a result, internalising psychopathology such as anxiety and depression among children went unrecognised or was misconstrued. Personal experience showed that the majority of such children hardly received orthodox mental-health services, rather; they are often subjected to harmful and abusive practices as treatment. Those with externalising disorders such as conduct disorder and substance abuse are often criminalised and “warehoused” in juvenile correctional and social-welfare facilities where they barely receive the mental-health care they need [[3]Atilola O. Abiri G. Ola B.A. The Nigerian juvenile justice system: from warehouse to uncertain quest for appropriate youth mental health service model.BJPsych Int. 2019 Feb; 16: 19-21Crossref PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar]. Another challenge I envisaged was the limited CAP research capacity and scarcity of mentors, - as formal CAP training was just taking root in Nigeria and the country had just produced its first professor of CAP in 2009. Internationally, the relative neglect of CAP research in the global-health research-funding agenda, especially in LMICs [[4]Kieling C. Baker-Henningham H. Belfer M. Conti G. Ertem I. Omigbodun O. et al.Child and adolescent mental health worldwide: evidence for action.Lancet. 2011; 378: 1515-1525Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (933) Google Scholar], had stifled opportunities for CAP research funding in the region, and there was hardly any existing network of young CAP researchers that an aspiring young researcher could look to for peer mentoring and collaboration. Despite these challenges, in late 2011, a travel-grant to attend the Excellence in Paediatrics International Conference in Istanbul, Turkey, presented an opportunity to meet with four other early-career CAP professionals from other LMICs. The five of us decided to establish the International Child Mental Health Study Group (ICMH-SG; www.icmhsg.org). The organisation's goal was to serve as a collaborative platform for early-career professionals committed to bridging the evidence-gap and improve the quality of CAP services in LMICs. Membership has grown to over 70 as of 2020, with members in more than 20 LMICs. We have since conducted several landmark collaborative CAP studies, including large-scale multinational cross-cultural validity (measurement invariance) studies of commonly used instruments in CAP research and services [[5]Stevanovic D. Urbán R. Atilola O. Vostanis P. Singh Balhara Y.P. Avicenna M. et al.Does the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire – self report yield invariant measurements across different nations? Data from the International Child Mental Health Study Group.Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2015; 24: 323-334Crossref PubMed Scopus (25) Google Scholar]. Examples include Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire and the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale, among several others. When I was offered a junior faculty position in psychiatry in my present university in early 2013, I deliberately focused on CAP. I consolidated this by helping to formally establish a CAP section within the psychiatry clinic of the affiliated teaching hospital. Beyond the immediate university environment, I helped to establish collaborative linkage services such as the multidisciplinary team for assessment and treatment of neuro-developmental disorders among school children. Using the principles of task-shifting, we trained school teachers and other lay-persons to conduct neurodevelopmental surveillance among children in pre-schools using simple instruments such as the Preschool Language Scale and the Bailey Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener. Those who were red-flagged were referred to our multidisciplinary assessment team for further evaluation. The challenge, which we are still trying to solve through advocacy, is how to improve access to interventions such as behaviour and speech therapy among children with established neuro-developmental disorders. My team also provide a mental-health service outreach program for justice-involved adolescents. In this program, we conduct full psychiatric evaluation for justice-involved adolescents in select juvenile justice institutions in Lagos. We are about to commence a stepped-down training of social-workers and other staff of such institutions to provide basic psychological interventions such as motivational interview for alcohol and substance involvement as well as therapy for depression among the detainees. What is left to be seen is how they will balance this additional responsibility with their existing work burden. With these steps, which I intend to consolidate on in the years ahead, I have not only helped to bridge some of the CAP service and research gap in my country, but have also laid a pathbreaking example of resilience and innovation in the face of daunting challenges in the field, for upcoming young CAP professionals. Dr. Olayinka Atilola is the sole author of this work Author has no conflict of interest to declare
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بررسي عوامل مرتبط با سبک زندگي پرستاران شاغل در بيمارستانهاي تهران در سال 1392
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چکیده زمینه و هدف: سبک زندگی سالم سبب حفظ و ارتقاء سلامت فرد و جامعه میگردد. اشتغال پرستاران در نوبتهای کاری مختلف زمینه سبکهای نامطلوب زندگی را در آنان ایجاد میکند. هدف از این مطالعه تعیين عوامل مرتبط با سبک زندگي پرستاران شاغل در بيمارستانهاي تهران در زمینه تغذیه، فعالیت فیزیکی و آزمونهای غربالگری در سال1392 بود. مواد و روشها: در این مطالعه توصیفی همبستگی 27 بیمارستان تهران به روش نمونهگیری خوشهای چندمرحلهای انتخاب شدند. پژوهش بر روی 553 پرستار که با روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شده بودند انجام گرفت. ابزار جمعآوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه پژوهشگر ساخته شامل دو بخش مشخصات جمعیتشناسی و شغلی و پرسشنامه سنجش سبک زندگی شامل 21 سوال بود. روایی ابزار به روش روایی صوری و محتوا و پایایی آن با روش آزمون مجدد با ضریب همبستگی70/0تایید شد. از نرم افزار اس پی اس اس 22 جهت تجزیه وتحلیل دادهها استفاده شد. یافتهها: بر اساس نتایج در بعد تغذيه، بيش از نيمي از پرستاران شاغل در بيمارستانهاي تهران (9/59درصد) وضعيت خوبي داشتند. در زمینه فعاليت فيزيکي، 2/34 درصد پرستاران، وضعيت متوسط و 3/20 درصد آنان وضعيت ضعيف داشتند. بین متغیرهای جنسیت، وضعیت مسکن، تاهل و اشتغال، نوبت کاری، سن، ساعات کاری و تعداد شبکاری ماهانه و وضعیت تغذیه در پرستاران ارتباط آماری معنیدار وجود داشت. وضعیت فعالیت فیزیکی با جنسیت، وضعیت تاهل، اشتغال و سطح تحصیلات، تعداد شبکاری و سابقه کاردرمانی رابطه آماری معنیدار داشت. وضعیت پرستاران در زمینه انجام آزمونهای غربالگری سرطان پستان، دهانه رحم و پروستات قابل قبول نبود. نتیجهگیری: براساس یافتهها، بهبود سبک زندگی پرستاران در زمینه فعالیت فیزیکی و آزمونهای غربالگری، ضروری و نیازمند بررسی بیشتر است. به نظرمیرسد لازم است دورههای آموزشی سبک زندگی سالم، متناسب با نیازهای بهداشتی با تاکید بر ارتقاء فعالیت بدنی، مشارکت منظم در برنامههای غربالگری و تشخیص بیماریها، در برنامه آموزشی ضمن خدمت کارکنان پرستاری گنجانده شود. کلیدواژهها: سبک زندگی؛ پرستار؛ تغذیه؛ فعالیت فیزیکی؛ آزمونهای غربالگری سرطان References - Abedian K, SHAH H Z and Adeli M (2006) [Survey of health beliefs of women about performing mammography in the health service centers of Sari]. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 16 (54) 90-8. (Persian) - Alpar S E, Senturan L, Karabacak U and Sabuncu N (2008) Change in the health promoting lifestyle behaviour of Turkish University nursing students from beginning to end of nurse training. Nurse Education in Practice. 8 (6) 382-388. - Bagheri M and Valizadeh Zare N (2006) [Working in night shifts and it’s effects on nurses’ health]. Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery. 4 (1) 43-8. (Persian) - Bazargan M, Makar M, Bazargan-Hejazi S, Ani C and Wolf K E (2009) Preventive, lifestyle, and personal health behaviors among physicians. Academic Psychiatry. 33 (4) 289-295. - Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A, Kohan S, Golshan M and DORTAJ R E (2008) [Correlation between lifestyle and body mass index among young adults in Kerman]. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research. 2 (7) 65-72. (Persian) - Davoudi Moghaddam F and Sarmast H (2008) [Investing for health promotion]. Journal of Health Promotion and Healthy Life style. 3 (6,7) 2-3. (Persian) - Estaji Z, Akbarzadeh R, Tadayyonfar M, Rahnama F, Zardouz H and Najar L (2006) [Study of the life style of people in sabzevar, iran]. Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. 13 (3) 134-9. (Persian) - Farmanbar R (2003) [A study on health maintenance methods in students of guilan university of medical sciences]. Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. 12 (46) 34-43. (Persian) - Farshbaf Khalili A, Shahnazi M, Ghahvehchi A and Torabi S (2009) [Performance conditions of breast cancer screening methods and its efficient factors among women referring to health centers of Tabriz]. Iranian Journal of Nursing Research. 4 (13) 27-38. (Persian) - Ghaljaei F, Naderifar M and Ghaljeh M (2011) [Comparison of general health status and sleep quality between nurses with fixed working shifts and nurses with rotating working shifts]. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 13 (1) 47-50. (Persian) - Hadi N and Barazandeh F (2007) [Lifestyle of Nurses Working in Shiraz University Hospitals]. Hayat. 13 (1) 43-53. (Persian) - Hosseini M, Ashktorab T and Taghdisi M (2013) [Health promotion lifestyle in nursing students: a systematic review]. Journal of Health Promotion Management. 2 (1) 66-79. (Persian) - Jalilian F and Emdadi S (2011) [Factors related to regular undergoing Pap-smear test: application of theory of planned behavior]. Journal of Research in Health Sciences. 11 (2) 103-108. (Persian) - Mansorian M, Qorbani M, Solaimani M, Masoodi R, Rahimi E and Asayesh H (2009) [A survey of lifestyle and its influential factors among the University student in Gorgan]. J Jahrom Univ Med Sci. 7 (1) 62-71. (Persian) - Mazloomi M, S. S., Fazelpour S and Askarshahi M (2013) [Health-Promoting Behaviors and Psychosocial Well-Being of University Shahid Sadoqi Yazd Academic Staff in Iran]. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences 21 (3) 12-21. (Persian) - Motamedi B, Yazdanpanah F, Iranmanesh F and Tirgari B (2012) [Effect of education on the sustainability of breast self-examination among health care volunteers in kerman, iran]. Journal of Health and Development. 1 (3) 167-73. (Persian) - Sharifnia H, Haghdoost A A, Hajihosseini F and Hojjati H (2011) [Relationship between the musculoskeletal disorders with the ergonomic factors in nurses]. Koomesh. 12 (4) 372-Pe378. (Persian) - Wong H, Wong M C, Wong S Y and Lee A (2010) The association between shift duty and abnormal eating behavior among nurses working in a major hospital: a cross-sectional study. International journal of nursing studies. 47 (8) 1021-1027. - Zhao I and Turner C (2008) The impact of shift work on people's daily health habits and adverse health outcomes. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, The. 25 (3) 8-22.
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Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency
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Over 200 health journals, call on the United Nations, political leaders, and health professionals to recognize that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to preserve health and avoid catastrophe. This overall environmental crisis is now so severe as to be a global health emergency. The world is currently responding to the climate crisis and the nature crisis as if they were separate challenges. This is a dangerous mistake. The 28th Conference of the Parties (COP) on climate change is about to be held in Dubai while the 16th COP on biodiversity is due to be held in Turkey in 2024. The research communities that provide the evidence for the two COPs are unfortunately largely separate, but they were brought together for a workshop in 2020 when they concluded that: “Only by considering climate and biodiversity as parts of the same complex problem…can solutions be developed that avoid maladaptation and maximize the beneficial outcomes.”.1 As the health world has recognized with the development of the concept of planetary health, the natural world is made up of one overall interdependent system. Damage to one subsystem can create feedback that damages another—for example, drought, wildfires, floods, and the other effects of rising global temperatures destroy plant life, and lead to soil erosion and inhibit carbon storage, which means more global warming.2 Climate change is set to overtake deforestation and other land-use change as the primary driver of nature loss.3 Nature has a remarkable power to restore. For example, deforested land can revert to forest through natural regeneration, and marine phytoplankton, which act as natural carbon stores, turn over one billion tons of photosynthesizing biomass every 8 days.4 Indigenous land and sea management has a particularly important role to play in regeneration and continuing care.5 Restoring one subsystem can help another—for example, replenishing soil could help remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere on a vast scale.6 But actions that may benefit one subsystem can harm another—for example, planting forests with one type of tree can remove carbon dioxide from the air but can damage the biodiversity that is fundamental to healthy ecosystems.7 Human health is damaged directly by both the climate crisis, as the journals have described in previous editorials,8, 9 and by the nature crisis.10 This indivisible planetary crisis will have major effects on health as a result of the disruption of social and economic systems—shortages of land, shelter, food, and water, exacerbating poverty, which in turn will lead to mass migration and conflict. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, air pollution, and the spread of infectious diseases are some of the major health threats exacerbated by climate change.11 “Without nature, we have nothing,” was UN Secretary-General António Guterres's blunt summary at the biodiversity COP in Montreal last year.12 Even if we could keep global warming below an increase of 1.5°C over pre-industrial levels, we could still cause catastrophic harm to health by destroying nature. Access to clean water is fundamental to human health, yet pollution has damaged water quality, causing a rise in water-borne diseases.13 Contamination of water on land can also have far-reaching effects on distant ecosystems when that water runs off into the ocean.14 Good nutrition is underpinned by diversity in the variety of foods, but there has been a striking loss of genetic diversity in the food system. Globally, about a fifth of people rely on wild species for food and their livelihoods.15 Declines in wildlife are a major challenge for these populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Fish provide more than half of dietary protein in many African, South Asian, and small island nations, but ocean acidification has reduced the quality and quantity of seafood.16 Changes in land use have forced tens of thousands of species into closer contact, increasing the exchange of pathogens and the emergence of new diseases and pandemics.17 People losing contact with the natural environment and the declining biodiversity have both been linked to increases in noncommunicable, autoimmune, and inflammatory diseases and metabolic, allergic, and neuropsychiatric disorders.10, 18 For Indigenous people, caring for and connecting with nature is especially important for their health.19 Nature has also been an important source of medicines, and thus reduced diversity also constrains the discovery of new medicines. Communities are healthier if they have access to high-quality green spaces that help filter air pollution, reduce air and ground temperatures, and provide opportunities for physical activity.20 Connection with nature reduces stress, loneliness, and depression while promoting social interaction.21 These benefits are threatened by the continuing rise in urbanization.22 Finally, the health impacts of climate change and biodiversity loss will be experienced unequally between and within countries, with the most vulnerable communities often bearing the highest burden.10 Linked to this, inequality is also arguably fueling these environmental crises. Environmental challenges and social/health inequities are challenges that share drivers and there are potential co-benefits of addressing them.10 In December 2022, the biodiversity COP agreed on the effective conservation and management of at least 30% percent of the world's land, coastal areas, and oceans by 2030.23 Industrialized countries agreed to mobilize $30 billion per year to support developing nations to do so.23 These agreements echo promises made at climate COPs. Yet, many commitments made at COPs have not been met. This has allowed ecosystems to be pushed further to the brink, greatly increasing the risk of arriving at “tipping points,” abrupt breakdowns in the functioning of nature.2, 24 If these events were to occur, the impacts on health would be globally catastrophic. This risk, combined with the severe impacts on health already occurring, means that the World Health Organization should declare the indivisible climate and nature crisis as a global health emergency. The three pre-conditions for WHO to declare a situation to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern25 are that it: (1) is serious, sudden, unusual, or unexpected; (2) carries implications for public health beyond the affected State's national border; and (3) may require immediate international action. Climate change would appear to fulfill all of those conditions. While the accelerating climate change and loss of biodiversity are not sudden or unexpected, they are certainly serious and unusual. Hence we call for WHO to make this declaration before or at the Seventy-seventh World Health Assembly in May 2024. Tackling this emergency requires the COP processes to be harmonized. As a first step, the respective conventions must push for better integration of national climate plans with biodiversity equivalents.3 As the 2020 workshop that brought climate and nature scientists together concluded, “Critical leverage points include exploring alternative visions of good quality of life, rethinking consumption and waste, shifting values related to the human-nature relationship, reducing inequalities, and promoting education and learning.”1 All of these would benefit health. Health professionals must be powerful advocates for both restoring biodiversity and tackling climate change for the good of health. Political leaders must recognize both the severe threats to health from the planetary crisis and the benefits that can flow to health from tackling the crisis.26 But first, we must recognize this crisis for what it is: a global health emergency. This editorial is being published simultaneously in multiple journals. For the full list of journals see: https://www.bmj.com/content/full-list-authors-and-signatories-climate-nature-emergency-editorial-october-2023.
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Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency
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Over 200 health journals call on the United Nations, political leaders and health professionals to recognize that climate change and biodiversity loss are one indivisible crisis and must be tackled together to preserve health and avoid catastrophe. This overall environmental crisis is now so severe as to be a global health emergency. The world is currently responding to the climate crisis and the nature crisis as if they were separate challenges. This is a dangerous mistake. The 28th Conference of the Parties (COP) on climate change is about to be held in Dubai while the 16th COP on biodiversity is due to be held in Turkey in 2024. The research communities that provide the evidence for the two COPs are unfortunately largely separate, but they were brought together for a workshop in 2020 when they concluded that: ‘Only by considering climate and biodiversity as parts of the same complex problem … can solutions be developed that avoid maladaptation and maximize the beneficial outcomes.’.1 As the health world has recognized with the development of the concept of planetary health, the natural world is made up of one overall interdependent system. Damage to one subsystem can create feedback that damages another—for example, drought, wildfires, floods and the other effects of rising global temperatures destroy plant life, and lead to soil erosion and so inhibit carbon storage, which means more global warming.2 Climate change is set to overtake deforestation and other land-use change as the primary driver of nature loss.3 Nature has a remarkable power to restore. For example, deforested land can revert to forest through natural regeneration, and marine phytoplankton, which act as natural carbon stores, turn over one billion tonnes of photosynthesising biomass every 8 days.4 Indigenous land and sea management has a particularly important role to play in regeneration and continuing care.5 Restoring one subsystem can help another—for example, replenishing soil could help remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere on a vast scale.6 But actions that may benefit one subsystem can harm another—for example, planting forests with one type of tree can remove carbon dioxide from the air but can damage the biodiversity that is fundamental to healthy ecosystems.7 Human health is damaged directly by both the climate crisis, as the journals have described in previous editorials,8, 9 and by the nature crisis.10 This indivisible planetary crisis will have major effects on health as a result of the disruption of social and economic systems—shortages of land, shelter, food and water, exacerbating poverty, which in turn will lead to mass migration and conflict. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, air pollution and the spread of infectious diseases are some of the major health threats exacerbated by climate change.11 ‘Without nature, we have nothing,’ was UN Secretary-General António Guterres's blunt summary at the biodiversity COP in Montreal last year.12 Even if we could keep global warming below an increase of 1.5°C over pre-industrial levels, we could still cause catastrophic harm to health by destroying nature. Access to clean water is fundamental to human health, and yet pollution has damaged water quality, causing a rise in water-borne diseases.13 Contamination of water on land can also have far-reaching effects on distant ecosystems when that water runs off into the ocean.14 Good nutrition is underpinned by diversity in the variety of foods, but there has been a striking loss of genetic diversity in the food system. Globally, about a fifth of people rely on wild species for food and their livelihoods.15 Declines in wildlife are a major challenge for these populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Fish provide more than half of dietary protein in many African, South Asian and small island nations, but ocean acidification has reduced the quality and quantity of seafood.16 Changes in land use have forced tens of thousands of species into closer contact, increasing the exchange of pathogens and the emergence of new diseases and pandemics.17 People losing contact with the natural environment and the declining biodiversity have both been linked to increases in noncommunicable, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and metabolic, allergic and neuropsychiatric disorders.10, 18 For Indigenous people, caring for and connecting with nature is especially important for their health.19 Nature has also been an important source of medicines, and thus reduced diversity also constrains the discovery of new medicines. Communities are healthier if they have access to high-quality green spaces that help filter air pollution, reduce air and ground temperatures and provide opportunities for physical activity.20 Connection with nature reduces stress, loneliness and depression while promoting social interaction.21 These benefits are threatened by the continuing rise in urbanization.22 Finally, the health impacts of climate change and biodiversity loss will be experienced unequally between and within countries, with the most vulnerable communities often bearing the highest burden.10 Linked to this, inequality is also arguably fuelling these environmental crises. Environmental challenges and social/health inequities are challenges that share drivers and there are potential co-benefits of addressing them.10 In December 2022, the biodiversity COP agreed on the effective conservation and management of at least 30% percent of the world's land, coastal areas and oceans by 2030.23 Industrialized countries agreed to mobilize $30 billion per year to support developing nations to do so.23 These agreements echo promises made at climate COPs. Yet many commitments made at COPs have not been met. This has allowed ecosystems to be pushed further to the brink, greatly increasing the risk of arriving at ‘tipping points’, abrupt breakdowns in the functioning of nature.2, 24 If these events were to occur, the impacts on health would be globally catastrophic. This risk, combined with the severe impacts on health already occurring, means that the World Health Organization should declare the indivisible climate and nature crisis as a global health emergency. The three pre-conditions for WHO to declare a situation to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern25 are that it (1) is serious, sudden, unusual or unexpected; (2) carries implications for public health beyond the affected State's national border; and (3) may require immediate international action. Climate change would appear to fulfil all of those conditions. While the accelerating climate change and loss of biodiversity are not sudden or unexpected, they are certainly serious and unusual. Hence, we call for WHO to make this declaration before or at the Seventy-seventh World Health Assembly in May 2024. Tackling this emergency requires the COP processes to be harmonized. As a first step, the respective conventions must push for better integration of national climate plans with biodiversity equivalents.3 As the 2020 workshop that brought climate and nature scientists together concluded, ‘Critical leverage points include exploring alternative visions of good quality of life, rethinking consumption and waste, shifting values related to the human-nature relationship, reducing inequalities, and promoting education and learning.’1 All of these would benefit health. Health professionals must be powerful advocates for both restoring biodiversity and tackling climate change for the good of health. Political leaders must recognize both the severe threats to health from the planetary crisis as well as the benefits that can flow to health from tackling the crisis.26 But first, we must recognize this crisis for what it is: a global health emergency. This Comment is being published simultaneously in multiple journals. For the full list of journals see: https://www.bmj.com/content/full-list-authors-and-signatories-climate-nature-emergency-editorial-october-2023 VB is an employee of the Medical Journal of Australia and an Unpaid Committee member of Wildlife Queensland. TB receives unrestricted grants to his institution from GSK, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Simonsen Foundation, Lundbeck Foundation, Kai Foundation, Erik and Susanna Olesen's Charitable Fund, Pfizer, MSD and Gilead Sciences; is principal investigator for clinical trials funded by Pfizer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead Sciences, MSD, Roche, Novartis and Kancera AB; is an advisory board member for GSK, Pfizer, Gilead Sciences, MSD, Janssen and Astra Zeneca; is a board member of Pentabase; reports consulting fees from GSK and Pfizer; reports honoraria for lectures from GSK, Pfizer, Gilead Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim, AbbVie and Astra Zeneca; and reports donation of trial medication (baricitinib) from Eli Lilly all unrelated to the topic of this Comment. LL-L is a member of the advisory group to the UK Climate Change Committee. RM reports a TEAM grant to his institution Stellenbosch University from VLIR (Belgium) to investigate primary health care and climate change in Africa. SH reports honoraria for hosting webinars from Procter & Gamble Oral-B unrelated to the topic of this Comment. PY reports honoraria for lectures from bioMérieux and Pfizer; participation in a Data Safety Monitoring Board for US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; has received COVID-19 and influenza test kits from Atea Pharmaceuticals for a phase III clinical trial that I serve as a principal investigator all; is a member the Executive Committee of the antimicrobial stewardship study group for the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases all of which are unrelated to the topic of this Comment; and is Editor-in-Chief of the East African Medical Journal, which is the official medical journal of the Kenya Medical Association. The other authors declare no competing interests.
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Exploring Gender Difference in Sleep Quality of Young Adults: Findings from a Large Population Study
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Yaqoot Fatima, MTech*,†, Suhail A.R. Doi, MBBS, PhD‡,§,|, Jake M. Najman, PhD*,# and Abdullah Al Mamun, PhD*⇑ *School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia †Mount Isa Centre for Rural and Remote Health, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia ‡Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia §School of Agricultural, Computing, and Environmental Sciences, Universtity of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia |College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar #School of Social Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia Corresponding Author: Dr. Abdullah Al Mamun, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston Road, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia, Tel: +61 (07) 33464689, Fax: +61 733655599, Email: a.mamun{at}uq.edu.au
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Global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors for young people's health during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
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Young people's health has emerged as a neglected yet pressing issue in global development. Changing patterns of young people's health have the potential to undermine future population health as well as global economic development unless timely and effective strategies are put into place. We report the past, present, and anticipated burden of disease in young people aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2013 using data on mortality, disability, injuries, and health risk factors.The Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) includes annual assessments for 188 countries from 1990 to 2013, covering 306 diseases and injuries, 1233 sequelae, and 79 risk factors. We used the comparative risk assessment approach to assess how much of the burden of disease reported in a given year can be attributed to past exposure to a risk. We estimated attributable burden by comparing observed health outcomes with those that would have been observed if an alternative or counterfactual level of exposure had occurred in the past. We applied the same method to previous years to allow comparisons from 1990 to 2013. We cross-tabulated the quantiles of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) by quintiles of DALYs annual increase from 1990 to 2013 to show rates of DALYs increase by burden. We used the GBD 2013 hierarchy of causes that organises 306 diseases and injuries into four levels of classification. Level one distinguishes three broad categories: first, communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders; second, non-communicable diseases; and third, injuries. Level two has 21 mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive categories, level three has 163 categories, and level four has 254 categories.The leading causes of death in 2013 for young people aged 10-14 years were HIV/AIDS, road injuries, and drowning (25·2%), whereas transport injuries were the leading cause of death for ages 15-19 years (14·2%) and 20-24 years (15·6%). Maternal disorders were the highest cause of death for young women aged 20-24 years (17·1%) and the fourth highest for girls aged 15-19 years (11·5%) in 2013. Unsafe sex as a risk factor for DALYs increased from the 13th rank to the second for both sexes aged 15-19 years from 1990 to 2013. Alcohol misuse was the highest risk factor for DALYs (7·0% overall, 10·5% for males, and 2·7% for females) for young people aged 20-24 years, whereas drug use accounted for 2·7% (3·3% for males and 2·0% for females). The contribution of risk factors varied between and within countries. For example, for ages 20-24 years, drug use was highest in Qatar and accounted for 4·9% of DALYs, followed by 4·8% in the United Arab Emirates, whereas alcohol use was highest in Russia and accounted for 21·4%, followed by 21·0% in Belarus. Alcohol accounted for 9·0% (ranging from 4·2% in Hong Kong to 11·3% in Shandong) in China and 11·6% (ranging from 10·1% in Aguascalientes to 14·9% in Chihuahua) of DALYs in Mexico for young people aged 20-24 years. Alcohol and drug use in those aged 10-24 years had an annual rate of change of >1·0% from 1990 to 2013 and accounted for more than 3·1% of DALYs.Our findings call for increased efforts to improve health and reduce the burden of disease and risks for diseases in later life in young people. Moreover, because of the large variations between countries in risks and burden, a global approach to improve health during this important period of life will fail unless the particularities of each country are taken into account. Finally, our results call for a strategy to overcome the financial and technical barriers to adequately capture young people's health risk factors and their determinants in health information systems.Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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https://openalex.org/W3088980169
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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the perinatal mental health of women
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"country": "Ireland",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3088980169
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Abstract Objectives The physical health impact of the coronavirus disease infection (COVID-19) has received attention worldwide; however, data around the psychological impact of the pandemic is still emerging and little has been reported on psychological effects among vulnerable groups. This study was undertaken with the aim of studying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions on perinatal mental health among women in Qatar. Methods A cross- sectional survey of women accessing maternity services in Qatar was carried out during the months of June and July 2020 at the local peak of the pandemic. Background data including relevant demographic details, pregnancy and mental health history, concerns, as well as helpful stress-reducing factors reported by women was collected. Depression and anxiety symptomatology was studied using the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety-Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS). Results The survey results revealed a high prevalence of anxiety and Depressive symptomatology (34.4 and 39.2% respectively), based on PHQ-ADS scoring. These rates appeared much higher than the reported pre-pandemic prevalence and were not affected by occupation, previous mental health problems or pregnancy complications. Women’s most commonly reported concerns as well as coping factors are discussed. Conclusions Results indicate a marked increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, among pregnant and puerperal individuals, who constitute a vulnerable group with respect to mental health morbidity. These findings can be used to inform public health interventions, among which, consideration should be given to routine mental health screening of vulnerable groups during major health crises.
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https://openalex.org/W2074344198
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Sustainability in the Qatar national dietary guidelines, among the first to incorporate sustainability principles
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Abstract Objective To present one of the first national dietary guidelines that incorporates food sustainability principles into its public health recommendations. Design The paper outlines recommendations and utilizes an ecological framework of policy analysis to examine context, drivers, consequences and future suggestions in establishing and maintaining sustainability principles within the Qatar Dietary Guidelines. Setting Qatar. Subjects Population of Qatar. Results Qatar has produced one of the first national dietary guidelines to integrate principles of food sustainability. National interest in environmental sustainability and food security, population concern over food waste (reinforced by Islamic religious law), strong authority of the Supreme Council of Health (supported by an Emirate government), a small domestic food industry and a lack of food industry influence on the guidelines have contributed to the inclusion of sustainability principles within the document. Conclusions Whether these principles will be embraced or rejected by the population in the long term will likely be determined by the Dietary Guidelines Task Force and the Supreme Council of Health’s commitment to educating the population about the relevance and importance of these principles and establishing champions to advocate for them.
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"display_name": "Public Health Nutrition",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
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https://openalex.org/W2135452590
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State of art and science advances on nutrition and nutrigenetics in nutrition-related non-communicable diseases in Middle East
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"display_name": "Annalisa Terranegra",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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"Qatar"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2135452590
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Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) account for more than 60 per cent of global deaths annually [1] and this is estimated to increase exponentially by 2025 if present trends continue. In the last decades, Science of Nutrition became relevant, not only for the body fitness and aesthetics, but also for the healthy. In fact, NutritionRelated Non-Communicable Diseases (NR-NCDs) are pathologies like diabetes, hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and cancers, where nutrition has a major role in both prevention and therapy. Moreover, NR-NCDs are caused by the complex relations between genetic and environmental background. Nutrigenetics and epigenetics are sciences that study the interactions between dietary components and the genome as well as resulting changes in gene expression, proteins and metabolite activities. A growing number of studies are focusing on food effects on gene expression modification. Microbiome composition, methylome and miRNA analysis are the arguments pointed by nutrigenetics and epigenetics. Recently, advanced technologies (as next generation sequencing, high-density micro-arrays, mass spectrometry, bioinformatics) allowed us to easily approach these sciences [2]. In few decades, the Middle East has been witnessing significant changes in food habits, losing traditional healthy diet, rich in vegetable proteins, fibers, minerals and vitamins, in the favor of a more industrial diet, consisting of preprocessed foods, sugars, fats, animal products, saturated- and trans- fatty acids [3]. In this landscape, NR-NCDs increased exponentially and are estimated to account for 69% of total deaths in Qatar [4]. Moreover, the Qatari population has a unique genetic background because of the migration history and the high rate of consanguineous marriages (54%), resulting in high prevalence of NR-NCDs [5]. The nutritional habits and life-style were demonstrated to improve the resolution and frequency of NR-NCDs, but poor information is available about diet in terms of macro and micro components and caloric intake in the Middle East countries. New tools are needed to collect more precise estimates of these population dietary habits and to characterize their diets in terms of macro- and micro-nutrients. Moreover, ad hoc designed applications for smartphones could be developed to promote the subject compliance to personalized diet and the dialogue between patients and healthcare professionals. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics sciences are just starting to address NR-NCDs in Qatar, so researcher interest and institution cooperation are called to join this mission.
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https://openalex.org/W2883170875
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Stigma associated with mental illness and its treatment in the Arab culture: A systematic review
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"id": "https://openalex.org/I60342839",
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"display_name": "Daniel Rainkie",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2883170875
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Background: Mental health has not had the same public profile as physical health. This has contributed to the stigma associated with mental illness and to its treatments. Research investigating how the traditions and values amongst those with an Arab heritage contribute to stigmatizing beliefs, attitudes or actions in the provision of mental healthcare has not been widely reported. Aim: To systematically review the literature and summarize the findings of studies reporting stigmatizing beliefs, actions and attitudes toward treatment of people with mental illness in the Arab population. Methods: PubMed, Ovid, Psycharticles and Embase were used to identify original studies of non-institutionalized Arab adults or children reporting findings relevant to stigma toward mental illness. A manual search of the bibliography of all selected original studies was also undertaken. Independent data extraction was performed by two reviewers, who then met to compare data and reach consensus. Findings were classified as stigmatizing beliefs, actions or attitudes toward mental health treatments. Results: A total of 33 articles were retrieved for full review. Those utilizing qualitative methodology provided insight into the many ways mental illness is viewed and defined among those with an Arab heritage. Among the studies using quantitative methodology, most compared stigmatizing beliefs, attitudes toward mental health treatments or stigmatizing actions among different Arab populations, some also investigated correlations between characteristics of the Arab population tested with stigmatizing beliefs, actions and attitudes toward mental health treatments. Findings from studies undertaken in Qatar reported greater stigmatizing beliefs, actions or attitudes toward mental health treatments among Qatari versus non-Qatari Arabs. Conclusion: A large diversity in the stigmatizing beliefs, actions and attitudes toward treatment of mental illness within the Arab population were identified. The influence of cultural variations on stigma should be explored further and used to tailor anti-stigma interventions in this population.
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https://openalex.org/W53805394
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The United Kingdom public health response to an imported laboratory confirmed case of a novel coronavirus in September 2012
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On 22 September 2012, a novel coronavirus, very closely related to that from a fatal case in Saudi Arabia three months previously, was detected in a previously well adult transferred to intensive care in London from Qatar with severe respiratory illness. Strict respiratory isolation was instituted. Ten days after last exposure, none of 64 close contacts had developed severe disease, with 13 of 64 reporting mild respiratory symptoms. The novel coronavirus was not detected in 10 of 10 symptomatic contacts tested.
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https://openalex.org/W2427247247
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Novel coronavirus associated with severe respiratory disease: Case definition and public health measures
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Two cases of rapidly progressive acute respiratory infection in adults associated with a novel coronavirus have generated an international public health response. The two infections were acquired three months apart, probably in Saudi Arabia and Qatar. An interim case definition has been elaborated and was published on the World Health Organization website on 25 September 2012.
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https://openalex.org/W2766820013
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Perceptions and attitudes to clinical research participation in Qatar
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Recruitment into clinical research studies is a major challenge. This study was carried out to explore the perceptions and attitudes towards clinical research participation among the general public in Qatar. A population based questionnaire study was carried out at public events held in Qatar. Residents of Qatar, 18 years or above in age were surveyed, anonymously, following verbal consent. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted. We administered 2517 questionnaires to examine clinical research participation, of which 2379 complete forms were analyzed. Those who had previously been approached to participate in research completed a more detailed assessment. Data showed that only 5.7% participants (n = 134) had previously been approached to participate in a clinical research study. Of these 63.4% (n = 85) had agreed to participate while 36.6% (n = 49) had declined. The main reasons for declining participation included: time constraint (47.8%, n = 11), ‘fear’ (13.0%, n = 3), lack of awareness about clinical research (8.7%, n = 2) and lack of interest (8.7%, n = 2). ‘To help others’ (31.8%, n = 27) and ‘thought it might improve my access to health care’ (24.7%, n = 21) were the prime motivators for participation. There was a general agreement among participants that their previous research experience was associated with positive outcomes for self and others, that the research conduct was ethical, and that opportunities for participation will be welcomed in future. More than ten years of stay within Qatar was a statistically significant determinant of willingness to participate, adjusted odds ratio 5.82 (95% CI 1.93–17.55), p = 0.002. Clinical research participation in Qatar needs improvement. Time constraints, lack of trust in and poor awareness about clinical research are main barriers to participation. Altruism, and improved health access are reported as prime motivators. Deeper insight in to the factors affecting clinical research participation is needed to devise evidence based policies for improvement in recruitment strategies.
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"display_name": "Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764819467",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
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"type": "repository"
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https://openalex.org/W2989583365
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Effects of consanguinity in a cohort of subjects with certain genetic disorders in Qatar
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"display_name": "Tawfeg Ben‐Omran",
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"display_name": "Qatar University",
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"display_name": "Kaltham Al-Ghanim",
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"display_name": "Maha El Akoum",
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"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "Kingston University",
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"display_name": "Muthanna Samara",
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"display_name": "Prem Chandra",
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"display_name": "Nader Al‐Dewik",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
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[
"Qatar"
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"https://openalex.org/W1995998761",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2989583365
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Abstract Background Consanguineous marriages are common in the Middle East including the Gulf countries. The rate of consanguinity in Qatar is approximately 54%, which are mainly first cousins’ marriages. Previous studies showed that consanguinity increases the prevalence of birth defects and other genetic disorders. Thus, we studied the effects of consanguinity in a cohort of subjects with certain genetic disorders in Qatar. Methods This cross‐sectional study was conducted at two centers in Qatar (Hamad Medical Corporation “HMC” and Shafallah “SC”) including 599 Qatari families with certain types of genetic and nongenetic anomalies. Results Consanguineous marriages were seen in 397 of 599 (66.2%) Qatari families and first cousin group counts for 65% in Qatari population. In the total cohort and at HMC, all consanguineous marriages had a significantly higher risk of Autosomal Recessive disorders than nonconsanguineous marriages (total cohort: odds ratio (OR) = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.71; p = .02; HMC: OR = 2.98; 95% CI: 1.37, 6.09; p = .005). On the other hand, at HMC, nonconsanguinity was significantly related to chromosomal abnormality (OR = 6.36; 95% CI: 1.13, 35.85; p = .036). Conclusion Our data suggest a significant role of parental consanguinity in increasing the prevalence of genetic disorders; mainly Autosomal Recessive disorders. Chromosomal abnormality disorders were significantly higher among nonconsanguineous marriages. These results help better inform policy makers on social, educational, and public health initiatives that might mitigate the impact of genetic disease in the Qatari society.
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196345",
"type": "repository"
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https://openalex.org/W2126664698
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Physician perceptions of pharmacist roles in a primary care setting in Qatar
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"display_name": "Kerry Wilbur",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2126664698
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Pharmacists are uniquely trained to provide guidance to patients in the selection of appropriate non-prescription therapy. Physicians in Qatar may not always recognize how pharmacists function in assuring safe medication use. Both these health professional groups come from heterogeneous training and experiences before migrating to the country and these backgrounds could influence collaborative patient care. Qatar Petroleum (QP), the largest private employer in the country, has developed a pharmacist-guided medication consulting service at their primary care clinics, but physician comfort with pharmacists recommending drug therapy is currently unknown. The objective of this study is to characterize physician perceptions of pharmacists and their roles in a primary care patient setting in Qatar. This cross-sectional survey was developed following a comprehensive literature review and administered in English and Arabic. Consenting QP physicians were asked questions to assess experiences, comfort and expectations of pharmacist roles and abilities to provide medication-related advice and recommend and monitor therapies. The median age of the 62 (77.5%) physicians who responded was between 40 and 50 years old and almost two-third were men (64.5%). Fourteen different nationalities were represented. Physicians were more comfortable with pharmacist activities closely linked to drug products than responsibilities associated with monitoring and optimization of patient outcomes. Medication education (96.6%) and drug knowledge (90%) were practically unanimously recognized as abilities expected of pharmacists, but consultative roles, such as assisting in drug regimen design were less acknowledged. They proposed pharmacist spend more time with physicians attending joint meetings or education events to help advance acceptance of pharmacists in patient-centered care at this site. Physicians had low comfort and expectations of patient-oriented pharmacist roles but were not threatened to learn more about these capabilities or explore enhanced collaboration in patient care.
|
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"display_name": "Globalization and Health",
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"type": "journal"
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https://openalex.org/W2888974409
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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MALARIA IN THE STATE OF QATAR, 2008-2015
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Elmoubasher Farag",
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"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Cornell University",
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"display_name": "Devendra Bansal",
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"display_name": "Mohamed Chehab",
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"display_name": "Ayman Al-Dahshan",
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"display_name": "Hamad Medical Corporation",
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"display_name": "Mohamed Bala",
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Nandakumar Ganesan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075096724"
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"country": "Qatar",
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"display_name": "Yosuf Abdulla Al Abdulla",
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammed Al Thani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086403411"
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"affiliations": [
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"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Cornell University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I205783295",
"lat": 42.44063,
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"display_name": "Ali H. Sultan",
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hamad Eid Al‐Romaihi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084164257"
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] |
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"display_name": "Malaria",
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
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"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
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"display_name": "Transmission (telecommunications)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C761482"
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"display_name": "Tropical medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185032368"
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"display_name": "Plasmodium vivax",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779997623"
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"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
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{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Plasmodium falciparum",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778371730"
},
{
"display_name": "Immunology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203014093"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
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"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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"display_name": "Electrical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
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"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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[
"Qatar"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W82423840",
"https://openalex.org/W195804023",
"https://openalex.org/W2018629730",
"https://openalex.org/W2051334659",
"https://openalex.org/W2056568340",
"https://openalex.org/W2074361314",
"https://openalex.org/W2081679784",
"https://openalex.org/W2091862230",
"https://openalex.org/W2129161579",
"https://openalex.org/W2140147685",
"https://openalex.org/W2141153530",
"https://openalex.org/W2152072567",
"https://openalex.org/W2153428989"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2888974409
|
Background and ObjectivesImported malaria poses a serious public health problem in Qatar because its population is “naïve” to such infection; where local transmission might lead to serious life-threatening infection and might even trigger epidemics.MethodsThis study is a retrospective review of the imported malaria cases in Qatar reported by the malaria surveillance program at the Ministry of Public Health (MoPH), during the period between January 2008 and December 2015. All cases were imported and underwent parasitological confirmation through microscopy.ResultsA total of 4092 malaria cases were reported during 2008-2015 in Qatar. The demographic features of the imported cases show that the majority of cases were males (93%), non-Qatari(99.6%), and aged 15 to 44 years(82.1%). Moreover, P. vivax was found to be the main etiologic agent accounting for more than three-quarters (78.7%) of the imported cases. In addition, almost a third (33.1%) of the cases were reported during the months of July, August, and September.ConclusionsImported malaria in Qatar has witnessed an increase during the past 7 years, despite a long period of constant reduction; where the people most affected were adult male migrants from endemic countries. Many challenges need to be overcome to prevent the reintroduction of malaria into the country.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S159911762",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3129074943
|
Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic within institutional quarantine and isolation centres and its sociodemographic correlates in Qatar: a cross-sectional study
|
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"display_name": "Shuja Reagu",
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3129074943
|
Setting The State of Qatar has had one of the highest COVID-19 infection rates globally and has used state-managed quarantine and isolation centres to limit the spread of infection. Quarantine and isolation have been shown to negatively affect the mental health of individuals. Qatar has a unique population, with around 90% of the population being economic migrants and a majority being blue-collar workers and labourers. Objectives This study was carried out to evaluate the psychological impact of institutional isolation and quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Qatar. The study also explored the sociodemographic correlates of this psychological impact. Design, participants and intervention A cross-sectional study involving 748 consenting individuals in institutional quarantine and isolation in Qatar during the months of June and July 2020 was carried out. Relevant sociodemographic data along with depressive and anxiety symptomatology scores were collected from consenting adults at these facilities. Results 37.4% (n=270) of respondents reported depressive symptoms and 25.9% (n=189) reported anxiety symptoms. The scores were higher for individuals in isolation facilities and higher for migrants from poor socioeconomic group (p<0.001 for both). Within this group, although worries about infection were widely reported, lack of contact with the family was cited as one of the most important sources of distress. Respondents reported that contact with the family and reliable information were important factors that helped during the duration of isolation and quarantine. Conclusions Our study reported significantly elevated scores for depression and anxiety during institutional quarantine, which is in keeping with emerging evidence. However, in contrast to other studies reporting mostly from native populations, this study of a population with an overwhelming majority of immigrants highlights the special mental health needs of this specific group and can inform future healthcare policies.
|
[
{
"display_name": "BMJ Open",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S79054089",
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{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2590397343
|
Effectiveness of a pharmacist-delivered smoking cessation program in the State of Qatar: a randomized controlled trial
|
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"display_name": "Ahmad Mohd Al Mulla",
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"display_name": "Ziyad Mahfoud",
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Cigarette smoking is one of the major preventable causes of death and diseases in Qatar. The study objective was to test the effect of a structured smoking cessation program delivered by trained pharmacists on smoking cessation rates in Qatar. A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted in eight ambulatory pharmacies in Qatar. Eligible participants were smokers 18 years and older who smoked one or more cigarettes daily for 7 days, were motivated to quit, able to communicate in Arabic or English, and attend the program sessions. Intervention group participants met with the pharmacists four times at 2 to 4 week intervals. Participants in the control group received unstructured brief smoking cessation counseling. The primary study outcome was self-reported continuous abstinence at 12 months. Analysis was made utilizing data from only those who responded and also using intent-to-treat principle. A multinomial logistic regression model was fitted to assess the predictors of smoking at 12 months. Analysis was conducted using IBM-SPSS® version 23 and STATA® version 12. A total of 314 smokers were randomized into two groups: intervention (n = 167) and control (n = 147). Smoking cessation rates were higher in the intervention group at 12 months; however this difference was not statistically significant (23.9% vs. 16.9% p = 0.257). Similar results were observed but with smaller differences in the intent to treat analysis (12.6% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.391). Nevertheless, the daily number of cigarettes smoked for those who relapsed was significantly lower (by 4.7 and 5.6 cigarettes at 3 and 6 months respectively) in the intervention group as compared to the control group (p = 0.041 and p = 0.018 respectively). At 12 months, the difference was 3.2 cigarettes in favor of the intervention group but was not statistically significant (p = 0.246). Years of smoking and daily number of cigarettes were the only predictors of smoking as opposed to quitting at 12 months (p = 0.005; p = 0.027 respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in the smoking cessation rate at 12 months between the groups. However, the smoking cessation program led to higher (albeit non-significant) smoking cessation rates compared with usual care. More research should be conducted to identify factors that might improve abstinence. Clinical Trials NCT02123329 . Registration date 20 April 2014
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https://openalex.org/W2152796839
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Seat belt and mobile phone use among vehicle drivers in the city of Doha, Qatar: an observational study
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In Qatar traffic injuries and fatalities are of serious concern. Mobile phone use whilst driving has been associated with increased risk of vehicular collisions and injuries. Seat belt use has been demonstrated to save lives and reduce the severity of road traffic injuries. Whereas previously published studies may have looked at all front passengers, this study aims to obtain reliable estimates of the prevalence of seat belt and mobile phone use among vehicle drivers in the city of Doha, Qatar. Additionally, we aim to investigate the association of these behaviors with other variables namely gender, time of the day and type of vehicle.An observational study on 2,011 vehicles was conducted in 2013. Data were collected at ten sites within Doha city over a two-week period. Two trained observers surveyed each car and recorded observations on a data collection form adapted from a form used in a 2012 Oklahoma observational study. Associations were assessed using the Chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. A p-value of .05 or less was considered statistically significant.Overall, 1,463 (72.7 %) drivers were found using a seat belt (95 % CI: 70.8-74.7 %) and 150 (7.5 %) their mobile phones (95 % CI: 6.3-8.6 %) during the observation period. Mobile phone use was significantly associated with not using a seat belt and driving a sport utility vehicle. Significantly lower rates of seat belt use were observed in the early morning and late afternoon. No gender differences were observed.Seatbelt use in Doha was found to be similar to countries in the region but lower than those in western countries. Also, studies from other high-income locations, reported lower rates of mobile phone use while driving than in Doha.Despite road traffic crashes being one of the leading causes of death in Qatar, three out of 10 drivers in Doha, Qatar, do not use a seat belt and about one in 12 use a mobile phone while driving. More efforts, in the form of awareness campaigns and increased law enforcement, are needed to improve compliance with laws requiring seat belt use and prohibiting mobile phone use while driving.
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https://openalex.org/W2069516490
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Childhood overweight and obesity in Qatar: A literature review
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2069516490
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Childhood obesity and overweight have reached epidemic proportions in both developed as well as some developing countries including Qatar. This paper is a literature review of studies published in the last 10 years in the area of childhood overweight and obesity in the state of Qatar. A high gross domestic product in Qatar has led to a high socio economic status among the Qatari population and the adoption western lifestyles that promote childhood overweight and obesity. Risk factors for overweight and obesity include poor dietary habits, lack of physical activity, sedentary lifestyles and socio-cultural practices. The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in Qatar was found to be comparable to other GCC countries. The state of Qatar is called upon to prioritize this public health issue and implement interventions to combat the problem.
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W2611272196
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Situation of Diabetes and Related Factors Among Qatari Adults: Findings From a Community-Based Survey
|
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"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017110259"
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"display_name": "Walaa Al-Chetachi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046633156"
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"display_name": "Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa",
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"display_name": "Benjamin Vinodson",
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"display_name": "Hammad Akram",
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2611272196
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Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prominent public health problem in Qatar with one of the highest prevalence in the Gulf Cooperation Council region. Obesity continues to be a challenging public health problem in Qatar along with other social determinants contributing to the high DM prevalence.
|
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https://openalex.org/W2159089445
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Study exploring breast cancer screening practices amongst Arabic women living in the State of Qatar
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"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Hamad Medical Corporation",
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"display_name": "Rajvir Singh",
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"display_name": "Floor Christie-de Jong",
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"display_name": "Breast cancer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C530470458"
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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"display_name": "Arabic",
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"display_name": "Breast cancer screening",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778491387"
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"display_name": "Cancer",
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"display_name": "Intervention (counseling)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780665704"
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"display_name": "Incidence (geometry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61511704"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
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{
"display_name": "Gynecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29456083"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Mammography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780472235"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
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{
"display_name": "Optics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120665830"
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[
"Qatar"
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[
"https://openalex.org/W1577895891",
"https://openalex.org/W1578003762",
"https://openalex.org/W1588018625",
"https://openalex.org/W1614384625",
"https://openalex.org/W1964905469",
"https://openalex.org/W1990905590",
"https://openalex.org/W2003151185",
"https://openalex.org/W2011671793",
"https://openalex.org/W2014456303",
"https://openalex.org/W2021269308",
"https://openalex.org/W2045182595",
"https://openalex.org/W2068973762",
"https://openalex.org/W2087601930",
"https://openalex.org/W2094159499",
"https://openalex.org/W2096761668",
"https://openalex.org/W2101127992",
"https://openalex.org/W2104670946",
"https://openalex.org/W2117208196",
"https://openalex.org/W2130231985",
"https://openalex.org/W2138393364",
"https://openalex.org/W2144328286",
"https://openalex.org/W2167849036",
"https://openalex.org/W2462212427"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2159089445
|
Abstract Breast cancer is a public health threat in the State of Qatar. It is the most common cancer and the incidence rate is increasing. It has been found that women often present with breast cancer at advanced stages in Qatar. Early detection of breast cancer is an important prognostic factor and breast cancer screening has been found successful in decreasing mortality rates. The percentage of women in Qatar engaging in screening activities is alarmingly low. A study has been designed to examine barriers and facilitators that are potentially influencing women in participating in breast cancer screening activities. Understanding these barriers and facilitators is essential in order to create a culturally appropriate and effective intervention that can encourage women in Qatar to participate in screening activities. In this paper the background to the study is presented which highlights the magnitude of the breast cancer problem in Qatar and offers the rationale and information for this potentially groundbreaking study.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Avicenna",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210214206",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3021402690
|
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in primary health settings in Qatar: a cross sectional study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohamed Ahmed Syed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058106080"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Ahmed Sameer Al Nuaimi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5070247256"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Abduljaleel Abdullatif Zainel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001810849"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Hamda Abdulla A",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5078394124"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Qotba",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011603866"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Metabolic syndrome",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780578515"
},
{
"display_name": "Biostatistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140556311"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
}
] |
[
"Qatar"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W43227165",
"https://openalex.org/W1493367285",
"https://openalex.org/W1993736957",
"https://openalex.org/W1997189977",
"https://openalex.org/W2001269645",
"https://openalex.org/W2016629995",
"https://openalex.org/W2023087736",
"https://openalex.org/W2025350730",
"https://openalex.org/W2029950980",
"https://openalex.org/W2038429516",
"https://openalex.org/W2085978999",
"https://openalex.org/W2092170296",
"https://openalex.org/W2092259072",
"https://openalex.org/W2101964276",
"https://openalex.org/W2103714496",
"https://openalex.org/W2106337050",
"https://openalex.org/W2120336033",
"https://openalex.org/W2129448542",
"https://openalex.org/W2132610504",
"https://openalex.org/W2144590229",
"https://openalex.org/W2152351556",
"https://openalex.org/W2157515887",
"https://openalex.org/W2163710303",
"https://openalex.org/W2166961959",
"https://openalex.org/W2517525424",
"https://openalex.org/W2560805164",
"https://openalex.org/W2587455107",
"https://openalex.org/W2593054240",
"https://openalex.org/W2736760084",
"https://openalex.org/W2775357565",
"https://openalex.org/W2947091522"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3021402690
|
Abstract Background In Qatar, prevalence of metabolic components is significantly higher compared to other countries. It is therefore urgent to understand the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with the goal of identifying etiologic factors in Qatar. This study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of MetS, by age, gender and nationality within primary care settings in Qatar. In addition, it determined the independent effects of risk factors on the prevalence of MetS. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used. Data for individuals aged ≥18 and who visited a publicly funded primary health centre in Qatar during 2017 were extracted from electronic medical records and analysed. Results The findings showed that the prevalence of individual MetS components ranged between 48.5–60.3%. Overall prevalence of MetS was 48.8% ( N = 62,492) in the study population. Prevalence of MetS increased with age. 50.3% of the population within the 40–49 year age group had MetS. In this age band, individuals were 5.1 times more likely of having MetS compared to the 18–29 year age group. MetS was slightly more prevalent in men (56 .7%) compared to women (42.5%). However, men were 1.33 times more likely of having MetS compared to women. The prevalence of MetS ranged between 20.6 - 60% across nationalities. It was most prevalent in Southern Asians (60%), followed by Northern Africans (50.7%) and Western Asians (excluding Qatar) (46.8%). Prevalence of MetS in Qataris was 43%. Southern Asians, Northern African and Western Asians were 1.73, 1.38 and 1.17 more likely to have MetS compared to Qataris. Conclusions The study provides essential epidemiological information required by decision makers. Although not nationally representative, this study is suggestive of a higher prevalence of MetS among a younger population, men and in Southern Asian, Northern African and Western Asian nationalities. Prevention, treatment and control of MetS is a public health problem in Qatar. More studies are needed to establish which public health interventions are likely to be effective in Qatar.
|
[
{
"display_name": "BMC Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S200437886",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2782933223
|
Mental health strategy and impact evaluation in Qatar
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Terence Sharkey",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016592250"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Mental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134362201"
},
{
"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
},
{
"display_name": "Stigma (botany)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C168285401"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Qatar"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W48307684",
"https://openalex.org/W2013826191",
"https://openalex.org/W2152518984",
"https://openalex.org/W2783915054"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2782933223
|
In Qatar between 2008 and 2011, strategic developments at governmental level were beginning to reflect a more positive understanding of mental health. Under the leadership of the Ministry of Public Health, key stakeholders agreed to develop a strategy to reform the mental health system, while tackling stigma. This article discusses the development of the National Mental Health Strategy for Qatar, Changing Minds, Changing Lives, 2013–18, its implementation, and the findings from an independent impact evaluation carried out in 2015.
|
[
{
"display_name": "BJPsych International",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210183147",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3125126871
|
The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Preventive Services in Qatar
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005784420"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Mariam Abdulmalik",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029314603"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Hamad Rashid Al-Mudahka",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025499882"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Ahmad Haj Bakri",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066592175"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Wadha Ahmed Al-Baker",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075443725"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Shaikha Sami Abushaikha",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086785895"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Mujeeb Chettiyam Kandy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069168629"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Primary Health Care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210134505",
"lat": 25.288042,
"long": 51.54506,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "John Gibb",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030567103"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Action plan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780210234"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Outbreak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C116675565"
},
{
"display_name": "Preventive healthcare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C52207206"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical emergency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C545542383"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Virology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159047783"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Qatar"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W2343874426",
"https://openalex.org/W2530106721",
"https://openalex.org/W2559022233",
"https://openalex.org/W3006834170",
"https://openalex.org/W3008095816",
"https://openalex.org/W3025111443",
"https://openalex.org/W3025947241",
"https://openalex.org/W3033521222",
"https://openalex.org/W3042226836",
"https://openalex.org/W3082218143"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3125126871
|
Background In March 2020, Qatar started reporting increased numbers of COVID-19 cases. At that stage, containment measures were put in place. The health authority in Qatar developed an emergency action plan to respond to the outbreak with the Primary Health Care as the main component of that response and suspended all non-urgent services including preventive health services. The aim of the retrospective analysis to measure the Impact of COVID-19 on the preventive services provided in Qatar. Methods A retrospective data analysis was conducted for all the preventive services utilization volume across the 27 PHCC health centres from the 1 st of January 2017 to the 31 st of July 2020. Results With 17,012 no-show appointments, well-baby and Immunization services utilization demonstrated a reduction of 40% in May and started to come back to volumes higher than expected in June. The breast cancer and colorectal cancer screening programmes expected volumes demand has dropped by 100% in comparison to 2017 demand due to their respective appointments’ cancelation. Wellness services only met 20% of its projected utilization in April, however, the services picked up in June. Conclusion These findings will guide the public health policymakers to understand the effects COVID-19 on preventive services and the risk of having an increased number of outbreaks for childhood communicable disease, cancer cases with delayed diagnosis due to the screening services suspension. In addition, the plan will address the increased number of sedately behaviour due to the service's reduced utilization of wellness services.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Public Health Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2736424777",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "Journal of Public Health Research - Journal of Public Health Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401877",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400573",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2987809419
|
Addressing context to understand physical activity among Muslim university students: the role of gender, family, and culture
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Qatar University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I60342839",
"lat": 25.377226,
"long": 51.48715,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ghadir Fakhri Al-Jayyousi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073440120"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Qatar University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I60342839",
"lat": 25.377226,
"long": 51.48715,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Maher Y. Abu-Munshar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5006714150"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Arab Emirates",
"display_name": "American University in Dubai",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I122640774",
"lat": 25.09148,
"long": 55.155945,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Farid Al-Salim",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085775478"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Qatar University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I60342839",
"lat": 25.377226,
"long": 51.48715,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "El Rayah Osman",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079708105"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Biostatistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140556311"
},
{
"display_name": "Socialization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C25032326"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Perception",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C26760741"
},
{
"display_name": "Family values",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777062240"
},
{
"display_name": "Physical culture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169710862"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
},
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2987809419
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Physical inactivity is a crucial risk factor for the development of chronic health issues, which have a high incidence among Arabs living in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The Qatar Stepwise Survey 2012 reported that approximately 44% of young adults 18-44 years of age had insufficient levels of physical activity. Family is a powerful source of information and socialization for adolescents and has a strong influence on their attitudes, decision-making, and behaviors.The purpose of this study is to understand how university students' physical activity can be influenced by sociocultural factors, particularly family health values and Muslim Arab culture. Using the criterion sampling strategy, 20 undergraduate Muslim students (Female students =10, Male students = 10) aged from 18 to 23 years who were Qatari or born and also raised in Qatar were recruited and interviewed. Participants were asked if they consider themselves active or not, about their perception of family health values regarding physical activity and the factors shaping these values, and the influence of family values on their physical activity behavior. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed following inductive analysis.The majority of the participants were influenced by their family health values, which were shaped by Qatari culture and the culture of origin for non-Qatari and were implicitly shaped by Islam. Participants reported that their role models of physical activity were males (fathers and male siblings), a health condition will motivate their families to be physically active, and families give priority to work and academic achievement over physical activity. A few participants showed that there was explicit influence of Islam on their physical activity, because culture's influence was veiling religion's. Culture was seen as a facilitator for physical activity from the males' perspectives, which was not the case for female participants who reported the negative influence of culture on their physical activity because of the limited choices available for them. Non-Qatari students revealed that their culture of origin (such as Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Somalia, Bangladesh, Sudan, Pakistan and India) was the dominant factor in shaping their family health values.The findings address gaps in the literature about families' health values regarding physical activity in Qatar, the influence of the different ecologies surrounding these values, and the physical activity behaviors of university students. Knowledge about these factors can aid in the development of family-based interventions designed to motivate adolescents to be physically active, which should be religion- and culture-tailored.
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https://openalex.org/W2150492895
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An exploratory study on medications in Qatar homes
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2150492895
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Drug therapy is the most often used intervention for treatment and prevention of disease. However, if used inappropriately, drugs can cause more harm than good. Improper drug storage and disposal can have a direct impact on public safety, the environment, and the health care services. The purpose of this study was to characterize medications stored in Qatar homes and to explore their methods of storage and disposal, and to identify the public's source of information related to medicines.For the purpose of this cross-sectional exploratory study, a list of telephone numbers was generated from Qatar's telephone directory using a systematic sampling method. Individuals consenting to participate were interviewed using a multipart pretested survey instrument.Data were collected from a total of 49 homes. Most respondents did not have a designated compartment or box specifically for storing medications. The majority of drugs (48%) were kept in bedrooms and a number of respondents were keeping their drugs in the fridge and in the kitchen. The most often stored classes of medicines were analgesics, antihistamines, nutritional supplements, and medications used for the respiratory system. Most respondents disposed of unwanted medicines by throwing them in the trash. In about 15% of cases, the dosage of drug taken was different from the instructions on the label. Sharing of prescription medicines was not uncommon. The majority of respondents sought information related to drugs from doctors.These findings raise concerns about how medications are stored and disposed of in the community. The fact that no household routinely returned unwanted medications to a pharmacy for proper disposal places the environment at risk. There is a need for more societal awareness about the safe handling and storage of drugs in the home, and about the professional role of the pharmacist.
|
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|
https://openalex.org/W1986025221
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Viral respiratory infections among Hajj pilgrims in 2013
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1986025221
|
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has emerged in the Arabian Gulf region, with its epicentre in Saudi Arabia, the host of the ‘Hajj’ which is the world’s the largest mass gathering. Transmission of MERS-CoV at such an event could lead to its rapid worldwide dissemination. Therefore, we studied the frequency of viruses causing influenza-like illnesses (ILI) among participants in a randomised controlled trial at the Hajj 2013. We recruited 1038 pilgrims from Saudi Arabia, Australia and Qatar during the first day of Hajj and followed them closely for four days. A nasal swab was collected from each pilgrim who developed ILI. Respiratory viruses were detected using multiplex RT-PCR. ILI occurred in 112/1038 (11%) pilgrims. Their mean age was 35 years, 49 (44%) were male and 35 (31%) had received the influenza vaccine pre-Hajj. Forty two (38%) pilgrims had laboratory-confirmed viral infections; 28 (25%) rhinovirus, 5 (4%) influenza A, 2 (2%) adenovirus, 2 (2%) human coronavirus OC43/229E, 2 (2%) parainfluenza virus 3, 1 (1%) parainfluenza virus 1, and 2 (2%) dual infections. No MERS-CoV was detected in any sample. Rhinovirus was the commonest cause of ILI among Hajj pilgrims in 2013. Infection control and appropriate vaccination are necessary to prevent transmission of respiratory viruses at Hajj and other mass gatherings.
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https://openalex.org/W2933900200
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Qatar experience on One Health approach for middle-east respiratory syndrome coronavirus, 2012–2017: A viewpoint
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2933900200
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The emergence of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) in the Middle East in 2012 was associated with an overwhelming uncertainty about its epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Once dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) was found to be the natural reservoir of the virus, the public health systems across the Arabian Peninsula encountered an unprecedented pressure to control its transmission. This view point describes how the One Health approach was used in Qatar to manage the MERS-CoV outbreak during the period 2012-2017. One Health focuses on the association between the human, animals and environment sectors for total health and wellbeing of these three sectors. To manage the MERS outbreak in Qatar through a One Health approach, the Qatar National Outbreak Control Taskforce (OCT) was reactivated in November 2012. The animal health sector was invited to join the OCT. Later on, technical expertise was requested from the WHO, FAO, CDC, EMC, and PHE. Subsequently, a comprehensive One Health roadmap was delivered through leadership and coordination; surveillance and investigation; epidemiological studies and increase of local diagnostic capacity. The joint OCT, once trained had easy access to allocated resources and high risk areas to provide more evidence on the potential source of the virus and to investigate all reported cases within 24-48 h. Lack of sufficient technical guidance on veterinary surveillance and poor risk perception among the vulnerable population constituted major obstacles to maintain systematic One Health performance.
|
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
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{
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"type": "repository"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2077157313
|
Diabetes patient management by pharmacists during Ramadan
|
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"display_name": "Qatar University",
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"display_name": "Eman Remoden",
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2077157313
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Many Muslim diabetes patients choose to participate in Ramadan despite medical advice to the contrary. This study aims to describe Qatar pharmacists’ practice, knowledge, and attitudes towards guiding diabetes medication management during Ramadan. A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed among a convenience sample of 580 Qatar pharmacists. A web-based questionnaire was systematically developed following comprehensive literature review and structured according to 4 main domains: subject demographics; diabetes patient care experiences; knowledge of appropriate patient care during Ramadan fasting; and attitudes towards potential pharmacist responsibilities in this regard. In the 3 months prior to Ramadan (July 2012), 178 (31%) pharmacists responded to the survey. Ambulatory (103, 58%) and inpatient practices (72, 41%) were similarly represented. One-third of pharmacists reported at least weekly interaction with diabetes patients during Ramadan. The most popular resources for management advice were the internet (94, 53%) and practice guidelines (80, 45%); however only 20% were aware of and had read the American Diabetes Association Ramadan consensus document. Pharmacist knowledge scores of appropriate care was overall fair (99, 57%). Pharmacists identified several barriers to participating in diabetes management including workload and lack of private counseling areas, but expressed attitudes consistent with a desire to assume greater roles in advising fasting diabetes patients. Qatar pharmacists face several practical barriers to guiding diabetes patient self-management during Ramadan, but are motivated to assume a greater role in such care. Educational programs are necessary to improve pharmacist knowledge in the provision of accurate patient advice.
|
[
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https://openalex.org/W3156734176
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Epidemiology of tobacco use in Qatar: Prevalence and its associated factors
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3156734176
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Tobacco use is a serious public health concern as it causes various deleterious health problems. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and various types of tobacco used among a population-based sample of adults 18 years and above in Qatar (residents and expatriates). The study also attempted to assess tobacco use initiation age, tobacco dependency, and to identify factors associated with current tobacco use. This 2019 cross-sectional study was conducted among governmental employees and University students in Qatar using cluster sampling methodology. Study participants completed a self-administered, country-adapted summarized version of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey. 25.2% (n = 1741; N = 6904) of the surveyed sample reported current tobacco use. 21.5% (n = 1481) smoked tobacco (cigarettes, waterpipe, medwakh and cigar) concomitant with other forms of tobacco and only 1.0% (n = 69) were using other forms of tobacco (electronic cigarettes, smokeless tobacco and heat-not-burn tobacco products) and 2.7% (n = 191) did not mention the type of tobacco products used by them. Of the 1550 tobacco users, 42.8% were cigarette smokers, 20.9% waterpipe, 3.2% medwakh (Arabic traditional pipe) and 0.7% cigar. Moreover, 1.9% reported smokeless tobacco use ( sweika ), 2.0% electronic cigarette use, and 0.3% heat-not-burn tobacco use. The mean age for smoking initiation was 19.7±5.3 (Qataris 18.6±4.8 and non-Qataris 20.3±5.6). Using multivariable logistic regression, significant association was observed between tobacco use and gender, nationality, age, monthly income, living with a smoker, and self-rated health. This large population-based cross-sectional survey provides the first evidence for the prevalence of different types of tobacco use including medwakh smoking among adults (Qataris and non-Qataris) 18 years and above in Qatar. This can serve as a baseline for future research studies on the topic. Based on the review of previous and current tobacco survey findings, it is evident that the prevalence of tobacco use (current) in Qatar has declined suggesting that tobacco control measures implemented by the country have been effective in reducing tobacco consumption.
|
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The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) of the World Health Organization (WHO) continues to be a hotspot for emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases and the need to prevent, detect and respond to any infectious diseases that pose a threat to global health security remains a priority. Many risk factors contribute in the emergence and rapid spread of epidemic diseases in the Region including acute and protracted humanitarian emergencies resulting in fragile health systems, increased population mobility, rapid urbanization, climate change, weak surveillance and limited laboratory diagnostic capacity, and increased human–animal interaction. In EMR, several infectious disease outbreaks were detected, investigated and rapidly contained over the past five years including: yellow fever in Sudan, Middle East respiratory syndrome in Bahrain, Oman. Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen, cholera in Iraq, avian influenza A (H5N1) infection in Egypt, and dengue fever in Yemen, Sudan and Pakistan. Dengue fever remains an important public health concern, with at least eight countries in the region being endemic for the disease. The emergence of MERS-CoV in the region in 2012, and its continued transmission currently poses one of the greatest threats. In response to the growing frequency, duration and scale of disease outbreaks, WHO has worked closely with member states in the areas of improving public health preparedness, surveillance systems, outbreak response, and addressing critical knowledge gaps. A Regional network for experts and technical institutions has been established to facilitate support for international outbreak response. Major challenges are faced as a result of protracted humanitarian crises in the region. Funding gaps, lack of integrated approaches, weak surveillance systems, and absence of comprehensive response plans are other areas of concern. Accelerated efforts are needed by Regional countries, with the continuous support of WHO, to build and maintain a resilient public health system for detection and response to all acute public health events.
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https://openalex.org/W2319515952
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Perception and intentions to quit among waterpipe smokers in Qatar: a cross-sectional survey
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To evaluate the perceptions and attitudes of waterpipe (shisha) smokers in Qatar regarding the health risks associated with addiction and to determine their intentions to quit.A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 181 self-reported waterpipe smokers. Participants were approached in public places as well as in shisha cafes in Qatar. The questionnaire included items related to perception, attitude and intention to quit. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed for data analyses, with P ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.About 44% of the respondents believed that waterpipe smoking was safer than cigarette smoking, and more than 70% would not mind if their children became involved in waterpipe smoking. More than half of the current smokers wanted to quit smoking shisha at some point, and 17% identified health concerns as the main motivating factor for their intention to quit.A large proportion of shisha smokers viewed shisha as a safer alternative to cigarettes, yet they admitted to intending to quit. These findings underscore the need to design educational interventions and awareness campaigns as well as impose stringent laws on waterpipe smoking in public places in Qatar.Objectif : Evaluer les perceptions et attitudes des fumeurs de pipe à eau (shisha) au Qatar en ce qui concerne les risques sanitaires associés à l'addiction et déterminer leurs intentions d'arrêter.Méthodes : Une enquête transversale a été réalisée auprès de 181 fumeurs de pipe à eau. Les participants ont été approchés dans des lieux publics ainsi que dans des cafés à shisha au Qatar. Le questionnaire a inclus des items liés aux perceptions, aux attitudes et aux intentions de s'arrêter. Des études statistiques descriptives et déductives ont été réalisées pour analyser les données, avec P ⩽ 0,05 considéré comme statistiquement significatif.Résultats : Près de 44% des répondants pensaient que fumer une pipe à eau était plus sûr que fumer des cigarettes, et plus de 70% ne verraient pas d'inconvénient à ce que leurs enfants se mettent à fumer la pipe à eau. De plus, plus de la moitié des fumeurs actuels voulaient arrêter de fumer la shisha à un moment ou à un autre et 17% indiquaient qu'une préoccupation relative à leur santé était le facteur de motivation principal dans leur intention d'arrêter.Conclusion : Une large proportion de fumeurs de shisha la considérait comme une alternative plus sûre que les cigarettes, mais ils admettaient volontiers qu'ils avaient l'intention d'arrêter. Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité d'élaborer des interventions à visée éducative et des campagnes de sensibilisation ainsi que d'imposer des lois strictes relatives à l'utilisation de la pipe à eau dans des lieux publics au Qatar.Objetivo: Evaluar las percepciones y las actitudes de los fumadores de pipa de agua (narguile), con respecto a los riesgos sanitarios asociados con este hábito en Qatar y determinar sus intenciones de abandonar el consumo.Métodos: Se realizó una encuesta transversal a 181 personas autorreferidas como fumadoras de pipa de agua. Los participantes se abordaron en lugares públicos y también en cafés que ofrecen el consumo de narguile en Qatar. El cuestionario comprendió elementos sobre la percepción, las actitudes y la intención de abandonar el hábito. Se aplicaron estadísticas descriptivas y deductivas en el análisis de los datos y se optó por una significación estadística correspondiente a un valor de P ⩽ 0,05.Resultados: Cerca del 44% de quienes respondieron consideró que el consumo de narguile era más seguro que el consumo de cigarrillo y más del 70% no se preocuparía si sus hijos se inician en el hábito. Además, más de la mitad de los fumadores actuales ha deseado abandonar el consumo de narguile en algún momento. El 17% de los encuestados atribuyó a los problemas de salud la principal motivación de su intención de abandonar el consumo.Conclusión: Una gran proporción de fumadores de narguile considera este consumo como una alternativa más segura que los cigarrillos y sin embargo admite tener la intención de abandonarlo. Los resultados del estudio destacan la necesidad de concebir nuevas intervenciones educativas y campañas de sensibilización, además de la aplicación de leyes restrictivas sobre el consumo de narguile en los lugares públicos en Qatar.
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https://openalex.org/W2802568034
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Prevalence of physical activity and sedentary-related behaviors among adolescents: data from the Qatar National School Survey
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2802568034
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To investigate the prevalence of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors among adolescents in Qatar by selected demographic characteristics. Cross-sectional study. A total of 5862 students (2938 boys and 2924 girls) in the age group 12–17 years were included in the analyses. PA and sedentary-related measures were obtained from the self-reported survey questions. Only 35.4% of students were performing 60 min of PA ≥3 days/week. The proportion of students with >2 hr screentime ranged from 43% to 57% (weekdays) and 50% to 62.5% (weekends). Girls had less odds of being physically active than the boys (odds ratio [OR] = 0.61, P < 0.001). Qatari students were less likely to be physically active than non-Qataris (OR = 0.79, P < 0.001). Age was inversely correlated with PA ([r = −0.113, P < 0.001 for participation with sports team] and [r = −0.139, P < 0.001 for school physical education classes]). Participation in sports teams positively correlated with 60 min of PA number of days in a week (r = 0.317, P < 0.001). The study describes insufficient PA among youth as a public health issue of concern in the State of Qatar that requires multipronged health promotion initiatives.
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https://openalex.org/W2912842935
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The Global Syndemic of Obesity, Undernutrition, and Climate Change: The Lancet Commission report
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Malnutrition in all its forms, including obesity, undernutrition, and other dietary risks, is the leading cause of poor health globally. In the near future, the health effects of climate change will considerably compound these health challenges. Climate change can be considered a pandemic because of its sweeping effects on the health of humans and the natural systems we depend on (ie, planetary health). These three pandemics—obesity, undernutrition, and climate change—represent The Global Syndemic that affects most people in every country and region worldwide. They constitute a syndemic, or synergy of epidemics, because they co-occur in time and place, interact with each other to produce complex sequelae, and share common underlying societal drivers. This Commission recommends comprehensive actions to address obesity within the context of The Global Syndemic, which represents the paramount health challenge for humans, the environment, and our planet in the 21st century. Although the Commission's mandate was to address obesity, a deliberative process led to reframing of the problem and expansion of the mandate to offer recommendations to collectively address the triple-burden challenges of The Global Syndemic. We reframed the problem of obesity as having four parts. First, the prevalence of obesity is increasing in every region of the world. No country has successfully reversed its epidemic because the systemic and institutional drivers of obesity remain largely unabated. Second, many evidence-based policy recommendations to halt and reverse obesity rates have been endorsed by Member States at successive World Health Assembly meetings over nearly three decades, but have not yet been translated into meaningful and measurable change. Such patchy progress is due to what the Commission calls policy inertia, a collective term for the combined effects of inadequate political leadership and governance to enact policies to respond to The Global Syndemic, strong opposition to those policies by powerful commercial interests, and a lack of demand for policy action by the public. Third, similar to the 2015 Paris Agreement on Climate Change, the enormous health and economic burdens caused by obesity are not seen as urgent enough to generate the public demand or political will to implement the recommendations of expert bodies for effective action. Finally, obesity has historically been considered in isolation from other major global challenges. Linking obesity with undernutrition and climate change into a single Global Syndemic framework focuses attention on the scale and urgency of addressing these combined challenges and emphasises the need for common solutions. The Commission applied a systems perspective to understand and address the underlying drivers of The Global Syndemic within the context of achieving the broad global outcomes of human health and wellbeing, ecological health and wellbeing, social equity, and economic prosperity. The major systems driving The Global Syndemic are food and agriculture, transportation, urban design, and land use. An analysis of the dynamics of these systems sheds light on the answers to some fundamental questions. Why do these systems operate the way they do? Why do they need to change? Why are they so hard to change? What leverage points (or levers) are required to overcome policy inertia and address The Global Syndemic? The Commission identified five sets of feedback loops as the dominant dynamics underlying the answers to these questions. They include: (1) governance feedback loops that determine how political power translates into the policies and economic incentives and disincentives for companies to operate within; (2) business feedback loops that determine the dynamics for creating profitable goods and services, including the externalities associated with damage to human health, the environment, and the planet; (3) supply and demand feedback loops showing the relationships that determine current consumption practices; (4) ecological feedback loops that show the unsustainable environmental damage that the food and transportation systems impose on natural ecosystems; and (5) human health feedback loops that show the positive and negative effects that these systems have on human health. These interactions need to be elucidated and methods for reorienting these feedback systems prioritised to mitigate The Global Syndemic. Key messagesThe pandemics of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change represent three of the gravest threats to human health and survival. These pandemics constitute The Global Syndemic, consistent with their clustering in time and place, interactions at biological, psychological, or social levels, and common, large-scale societal drivers and determinants. Their interactions and the forces that sustain them emphasise the potential for major beneficial effects on planetary health that double-duty or triple-duty actions, which simultaneously act on two or all three of these pandemics, will have. To mitigate The Global Syndemic, the Commission proposed the following nine broad recommendations, under which sit more than 20 actions:•Think in Global Syndemic terms to create a focus on common systemic drivers that need common actions.•Join up the silos of thinking and action to create platforms to work collaboratively on common systemic drivers and double-duty or triple-duty actions.•Strengthen national and international governance levers to fully implement policy actions which have been agreed upon through international guidelines, resolutions and treaties.•Strengthen municipal governance levers to mobilise action at the local level and create pressure for national action•Strengthen civil society engagement to encourage systemic change and pressure for policy action at all levels of government to address The Global Syndemic•Reduce the influence of large commercial interests in the public policy development process to enable governments to implement policies in the public interest to benefit the health of current and future generations, the environment, and the planet•Strengthen accountability systems for policy actions to address The Global Syndemic•Create sustainable and health-promoting business models for the 21st century to shift business outcomes from a short-term profit-only focus to sustainable, profitable models that explicitly include benefits to society and the environment•Focus research on The Global Syndemic determinants and actions to create an evidence base of systemic drivers and actions, including indigenous and traditional approaches to health and wellbeing The pandemics of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change represent three of the gravest threats to human health and survival. These pandemics constitute The Global Syndemic, consistent with their clustering in time and place, interactions at biological, psychological, or social levels, and common, large-scale societal drivers and determinants. Their interactions and the forces that sustain them emphasise the potential for major beneficial effects on planetary health that double-duty or triple-duty actions, which simultaneously act on two or all three of these pandemics, will have. To mitigate The Global Syndemic, the Commission proposed the following nine broad recommendations, under which sit more than 20 actions: •Think in Global Syndemic terms to create a focus on common systemic drivers that need common actions.•Join up the silos of thinking and action to create platforms to work collaboratively on common systemic drivers and double-duty or triple-duty actions.•Strengthen national and international governance levers to fully implement policy actions which have been agreed upon through international guidelines, resolutions and treaties.•Strengthen municipal governance levers to mobilise action at the local level and create pressure for national action•Strengthen civil society engagement to encourage systemic change and pressure for policy action at all levels of government to address The Global Syndemic•Reduce the influence of large commercial interests in the public policy development process to enable governments to implement policies in the public interest to benefit the health of current and future generations, the environment, and the planet•Strengthen accountability systems for policy actions to address The Global Syndemic•Create sustainable and health-promoting business models for the 21st century to shift business outcomes from a short-term profit-only focus to sustainable, profitable models that explicitly include benefits to society and the environment•Focus research on The Global Syndemic determinants and actions to create an evidence base of systemic drivers and actions, including indigenous and traditional approaches to health and wellbeing The common drivers of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change indicate that many systems-level interventions could serve as double-duty or triple-duty actions to change the trajectory of all three pandemics simultaneously. Although these actions could produce win-win, or even win-win-win, results, they are difficult to achieve. A seemingly simple example shows how challenging these actions can be. National dietary guidelines serve as a basis for the development of food and nutrition policies and public education to reduce obesity and undernutrition and could be extended to include sustainability by moving populations towards consuming largely plant-based diets. However, many countries' efforts to include environmental sustainability principles within their dietary guidelines failed due to pressure from strong food industry lobbies, especially the beef, dairy, sugar, and ultra-processed food and beverage industry sectors. Only a few countries (ie, Sweden, Germany, Qatar, and Brazil) have developed dietary guidelines that promote environmentally sustainable diets and eating patterns that ensure food security, improve diet quality, human health and wellbeing, social equity, and respond to climate change challenges. The engagement of people, communities, and diverse groups is crucial for achieving these changes. Personal behaviours are heavily influenced by environments that are obesogenic, food insecure, and promote greenhouse-gas emissions. However, people can act as agents of change in their roles as elected officials, employers, parents, customers, and citizens and influence the societal norms and institutional policies of worksites, schools, food retailers, and communities to address The Global Syndemic. Across systems and institutions, people are decision makers who can vote for, advocate for, and communicate their preferences with other decision-makers about the policies and actions needed to address The Global Syndemic. Within the natural ecosystems, people travel, recreate, build, and work in ways that can preserve or restore the environment. Collective actions can generate the momentum for change. The Commission believes that the collective influence of individuals, civil society organisations, and the public can stimulate the reorientation of human systems to promote health, equity, economic prosperity, and sustainability. Historically, the most widespread form of malnutrition has been undernutrition, including wasting, stunting, and micronutrient deficiencies. The Global Hunger Index (1992–2017) showed substantial declines in under-5 child mortality in all regions of the world but less substantial declines in the prevalence of wasting and stunting among children. However, the rates of decline in undernutrition for children and adults are still too slow to meet the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets by 2030. In the past 40 years, the obesity pandemic has shifted the patterns of malnutrition. Starting in the early 1980s, rapid increases in the prevalence of overweight and obesity began in high-income countries. In 2015, obesity was estimated to affect 2 billion people worldwide. Obesity and its determinants are risk factors for three of the four leading causes of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worldwide, including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. Extensive research on the developmental origins of health and disease has shown that fetal and infant undernutrition are risk factors for obesity and its adverse consequences throughout the life course. Low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) carry the greatest burdens of malnutrition. In LMICs, the prevalence of overweight in children less than 5 years of age is rising on the background of an already high prevalence of stunting (28%), wasting (8·8%), and underweight (17·4%). The prevalence of obesity among stunted children is 3% and is higher among children in middle-income countries than in lower-income countries. The work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), three previous Lancet Commissions related to climate change and planetary health (2009–15), and the current Lancet Countdown, which is tracking progress on health and climate change from 2017 to 2030, have provided extensive and compelling projections on the major human health effects related to climate change. Chief among them are increasing food insecurity and undernutrition among vulnerable populations in many LMICs due to crop failures, reduced food production, extreme weather events that produce droughts and flooding, increased food-borne and other infectious diseases, and civil unrest. Severe food insecurity and hunger are associated with lower obesity prevalence, but mild to moderate food insecurity is paradoxically associated with higher obesity prevalence among vulnerable populations. Wealthy countries already have higher burdens of obesity and larger carbon footprints compared with LMICs. Countries transitioning from lower to higher incomes experience rapid urbanisation and shifts towards motorised transportation with consequent lower physical activity, higher prevalence of obesity, and higher greenhouse-gas emissions. Changes in the dietary patterns of populations include increasing consumption of ultra-processed food and beverage products and beef and dairy products, whose production is associated with high greenhouse-gas emissions. Agricultural production is a leading source of greenhouse-gas emissions. The economic burden of The Global Syndemic is substantial and will have the greatest effect on the poorest of the 8·5 billion people who will inhabit the earth by 2030. The current costs of obesity are estimated at about $2 trillion annually from direct health-care costs and lost economic productivity. These costs represent 2·8% of the world's gross domestic product (GDP) and are roughly the equivalent of the costs of smoking or armed violence and war. Economic losses attributable to undernutrition are equivalent to 11% of the GDP in Africa and Asia, or approximately $3·5 trillion annually. The World Bank estimates that an investment of $70 billion over 10 years is needed to achieve SDG targets related to undernutrition, and that achieving them would create an estimated $850 billion in economic return. The economic effects of climate change include, among others, the costs of environmental disasters (eg, drought and wildfires), changes in habitat (eg, biosecurity and sea-level rises), health effects (eg, hunger and diarrhoeal infections), industry stress in sectors such as agriculture and fisheries, and the costs of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions. Continued inaction towards the global mitigation of climate change is predicted to cost 5–10% of global GDP, whereas just 1% of the world's GDP could arrest the increase in climate change. Many authoritative policy documents have proposed specific, evidence-informed policies to address each of the components of The Global Syndemic. Therefore, the Commission decided to focus on the common, enabling actions that would support the implementation of these policies across The Global Syndemic. A set of principles guided the Commission's recommendations to enable the implementation of existing recommended policies: be systemic in nature, address the underlying causes of The Global Syndemic and its policy inertia, forge synergies to promote health and equity, and create benefits through double-duty or triple-duty actions. The Commission identified multiple levers to strengthen governance at the global, regional, national, and local levels. The Commission proposed the use of international human rights law and to apply the concept of a right to wellbeing, which encompasses the rights of children and the rights of all people to health, adequate food, culture, and healthy environments. Global intergovernmental organisations, such as the World Trade Organization, the World Economic Forum, the World Bank, and large philanthropic foundations and regional platforms, such as the European Union, Association of Southeastern Nations, and the Pacific Forum, should play much stronger roles to support national policies that address The Global Syndemic. Many states and municipalities are leading efforts to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions by incentivising less motorised travel and improving urban food systems. Civil society organisations can create a greater demand for national policy actions with increases in capacity and funding. Therefore, in addition to the World Bank's call for $70 billion for undernutrition and the Green Climate Fund of $100 billion for LMICs to address climate change, the Commission calls for $1 billion to support the efforts of civil society organisations to advocate for policy initiatives that mitigate The Global Syndemic. A principal source of policy inertia related to addressing obesity and climate change is the power of vested interests by commercial actors whose engagement in policy often constitutes a conflict of interest that is at odds with the public good and planetary health. Countering this power to assure unbiased decision making requires strong processes to manage conflicts of interest. On the business side, new sustainable models are needed to shift outcomes from a profit-only model to a socially and environmentally viable profit model that incorporates the health of people and the environment. The fossil fuel and food industries that are responsible for driving The Global Syndemic receive more than $5 trillion in annual subsidies from governments. The Commission recommends that governments redirect these subsidies into more sustainable energy, agricultural, and food system practices. A Framework Convention on Food Systems would provide the global legal structure and direction for countries to act on improving their food systems so that they become engines for better health, environmental sustainability, greater equity, and ongoing prosperity. Stronger accountability systems are needed to ensure that governments and private-sector actors respond adequately to The Global Syndemic. Upstream monitoring is needed to measure implementation of policies, examine the commercial, political, economic and sociocultural determinants of obesity, evaluate the impact of policies and actions, and establish mechanisms to hold governments and powerful private-sector actors to account for their actions. Similarly, platforms for stakeholders to interact and secure funding, such as that provided by the EAT Forum for global food system transformation, are needed to allow collaborations of scientists, policy makers, and practitioners to co-create policy-relevant empirical, and modelling studies of The Global Syndemic and the effects of double-duty and triple-duty actions. Bringing indigenous and traditional knowledge to this effort will also be important because this knowledge is often based on principles of environmental stewardship, collective responsibilities, and the interconnectedness of people with their environments. The challenges facing action on obesity, undernutrition, and climate change are closely aligned with each other. Bringing them together under the umbrella concept of The Global Syndemic creates the potential to strengthen the action and accountabilities for all three challenges. Our health, the health of our children and future generations, and the health of the planet will depend on the implementation of comprehensive and systems-oriented responses to The Global Syndemic.
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https://openalex.org/W2332588018
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Predictions Burden of Diabetes and Economics Cost: Contributing Risk Factors of Changing Disease Prevalence and its Pandemic Impact to Qatar
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<b>Background:</b> The Middle East region is predicted to have one of the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world. The risk of diabetes continues to increase worldwide and its public health burden is unevenly distributed across socioeconomic strata. This burden is not only related to health care costs, but also to indirect costs caused by loss of productivity from disability and premature mortality. <b>Aim:</b> This study aims to estimate the economics cost of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus [T2DM] among adults in Qatar using national data, and to quantify the potential effect of a suggested preventive intervention program. <b>Design:</b> It is an observational cohort study. <b>Setting:</b> The survey was based on registry at the Hamad General Hospital and Primary Health Care (PHC) centers in the State of Qatar. <b>Subject:</b> This study consisted of patients above 25 years of age with diagnosed diabetes mellitus registered at Hamad General Hospital and Primary Health Care (PHC) centers during January 2004 to July 2014. <b>Methods:</b> We developed a dynamic model in which actual incidence, prevalence, and life expectancy data are used and alternative assumptions about future trends in these parameters can be incorporated. Linear regression model has been performed to forecast the burden of diabetes in oil-rich country. <b>Results:</b> According to the dynamic model, a 10% increased in the number of diabetic patients in the State of Qatar from 33 610 in 2005 to 122 000 in 2012 (about 1% annually). The annual diabetes incidence rate was higher in women than in men during a period between 2005 to 2015 years. The static model forecasted as 10% increase over 10 years. The relative increase in prevalence of diabetes and number of diabetic people are higher in women than in men (16.6%; 17.5% and 18.4% in men vs. 22.6%; 23.8% and 25.1% in women). Most of the increase in prevalence of diabetes is projected to occur in younger age groups where it is estimated to increase among age groups of 50–59 years and above 60 years, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> The burden of diabetes in Qatar is markedly larger than proposed by IDF estimations – suggesting that Qatar would be one of the top 10 countries worldwide in diabetes prevalence. Family history of diabetes, consanguinity marriages’, hereditary gene-environment interactions, poor nutrition in utero and in early life plus over nutrition in later life may also contribute to the current diabetes epidemic in Qatari’s Arab populations. Finally, continuous training of primary health care professionals on diabetes care and prevention is an essential tool of improving diabetes in Qatar.
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https://openalex.org/W2134563707
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Health problems of Nepalese migrants working in three Gulf countries
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Nepal is one of the largest suppliers of labour to countries where there is a demand for cheap and low skilled workers. In the recent years the Gulf countries have collectively become the main destinations for international migration. This paper aims to explore the health problems and accidents experienced by a sample of Nepalese migrant in three Gulf countries. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 408 Nepalese migrants who had at least one period of work experience of at least six months in any of three Gulf countries: Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates (UAE). Face to face questionnaire interviews were conducted applying a convenience technique to select the study participants. Nepalese migrants in these Gulf countries were generally young men between 26-35 years of age. Unskilled construction jobs including labourer, scaffolder, plumber and carpenter were the most common jobs. Health problems were widespread and one quarter of study participants reported experiencing injuries or accidents at work within the last 12 months. The rates of health problems and accidents reported were very similar in the three countries. Only one third of the respondents were provided with insurance for health services by their employer. Lack of leave for illness, cost and fear of losing their job were the barriers to accessing health care services. The study found that construction and agricultural workers were more likely to experience accidents at their workplace and health problems than other workers. The findings suggest important messages for the migration policy makers in Nepal. There is a lack of adequate information for the migrants making them aware of their health risks and rights in relation to health services in the destination countries and we suggest that the government of Nepal should be responsible for providing this information. Employers should provide orientation on possible health risks and appropriate training for preventive measures and all necessary access to health care services to all their workers.
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https://openalex.org/W2552575017
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Oral health status of six‐year‐old children in Qatar: findings from the national oral health survey
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2552575017
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Abstract Introduction Oral health has a significant impact on physical, social and mental well‐being of an individual. Qatar, like the rest of the world, is experiencing higher prevalence of oral health‐related problems. Objectives To examine the oral health status and extent of preventive and curative needs among six‐year‐old school children in Qatar by key demographic indicators. Methods Secondary data analysis of 1124 six‐year‐old private and government primary school children from the 2011 Qatar National Oral Health Survey was performed. Dental caries lesions status of primary dentition was assessed according to the WHO criteria. Descriptive statistics were carried out, and comparison among groups was executed by running t statistics. Logistic regression was performed to interpret the impact of various predictors. Results Overall, 71.4% children presented with dental caries lesions with a higher prevalence among girls versus boys (73.8% versus 68.9%). The mean overall dmft was recorded as 4.2 with ±4.2 SD . Qatari children had 3.8 time odds of having dental caries lesions compared with non‐Qatari children ( P < 0.001). Overall, 18.9% of children showed signs of poor periodontal health. Odds of having more periodontal disease were significant in Qatari boys ( OR = 3.1 CI = 2.0, 4.7, P < 0.001) compared to non‐Qatari boys. On average, 3.6 teeth per student were in need of any treatment. Conclusion This study indicated that only 28.6% of children aged six were free from caries lesions. The results urge to further strengthen the strategies and to improve oral hygiene by various evidence‐based interventions.
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https://openalex.org/W1580164950
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Public Health Triumphs at WTO Conference
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Paris—The Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) that ended on November 14 in Doha, Qatar, resulted in a declaration that puts public health before commercial interests where pharmaceutical patents are concerned.
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https://openalex.org/W2990618242
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Public practices on antibiotic use: A cross-sectional study among Qatar University students and their family members
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2990618242
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health problem and a global concern. The inappropriate use of antibiotics has been identified by the World Health Organization as a major risk factor for AMR.The purpose of this research study is to assess the prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic use among Qatar University students and their family members, detect sociodemographic factors associated with inappropriate use, evaluate the knowledge and attitude towards antibiotic use, and assess respondents' opinions on healthcare providers' antibiotic prescription practices. Participants (N = 596) completed a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, the Pearson chi-squared test, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.The major inappropriate antibiotic use practices followed by the respondents were using antibiotics without prescription (82%), not completing the antibiotic course (45%), and obtaining antibiotics from the pharmacy without prescription (23%). The chi-square test results showed that age (p = 0.031) and nationality (p = 0.041) were associated with using antibiotics without prescription. In addition, respondents less than 21 years of age (p<0.001), who had only a secondary education (p = 0.007), and who lived in one of the large and crowded cities in Qatar (p = 0.011) had higher odds of stopping the antibiotic before completing the course. Our study also revealed that almost 60% of the respondents had inadequate knowledge and a negative attitude towards antibiotic use. Nationality and municipality were the independent factors associated with having appropriate knowledge of antibiotic use. Univariate logistic regression analyses in our study demonstrated that older (>26 years), married and university-graduated participants were more likely to have a positive attitude towards antibiotic use than others. Respondents also reported that neither doctors nor pharmacists were providing adequate patient education about appropriate antibiotic use. The Socio-Ecological Model was applied to interpret the findings and frame implications.The findings shed light on various factors shaping antibiotic use practices and provide evidence to design multilevel behavioral interventions to improve public practices of antibiotic use.
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https://openalex.org/W3137261131
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Vectors and vector-borne diseases in Qatar: current status, key challenges and future prospects
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Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) have re-emerged worldwide due to urbanisation, increase in travel and climate change, becoming a major and serious threat to global public health. In Qatar, the concern has recently risen because of the attribution of the soccer 2022 FIFA World Cup Qatar ™ , which necessitates fulfilling requirements in terms of prevention and preparedness for disease transmission, including VBDs. This review presents a general overview about current status of vectors and VBDs in Qatar and addresses key challenges and future prospects of control programmes and strategies. It is based on a vector control situation analysis and needs assessment performed during an expert mission in Qatar, November 2017, organised by the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office and achieved in collaboration with the Ministry of Public Health of Qatar and other local stakeholders. The situation of vectors and VBDs of public health importance in Qatar was analysed based on a systematic literature review by December 31, 2019. The literature reveals that no locally transmitted VBD cases have been recorded in Qatar, but cases were recorded among expatriate workers and travellers who returned from an endemic country. However, data on VBD cases remain scarce except for malaria. The presence of native arthropod vectors is under-recorded to date. A compilation of literature data revealed reports of 30 vector species, including 20 mosquitoes, 2 fleas, 1 louse, 1 fly, and 6 ticks. Overall, Qatar benefits currently from a good surveillance of some VBDs (malaria) and has some capacities in vector control, but no national plan exists, and vector surveillance is in its infancy. In Qatar, clear needs exist in capacity in epidemiology and vector entomology, as well as on the organisational level, and a number of measures are suggested to mitigate and improve VBD risk assessment and management. There is an urgent need to define sustainable solutions for VBD control, management and prevention, and a number of recommendations are suggested.
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https://openalex.org/W2105902419
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Outdoor particulate matter (PM) and associated cardiovascular diseases in the Middle East
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2105902419
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Air pollution is a widespread environmental concern. Considerable epidemiological evidence indicates air pollution, particularly particulate matter (PM), as a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the developed countries. The main objective of our review is to assess the levels and sources of PM across the Middle East area and to search evidence for the relationship between PM exposure and CVD. An extensive review of the published literature pertaining to the subject (2000-2013) was conducted using PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar databases. We reveal that low utilization of public transport, ageing vehicle fleet and the increasing number of personal cars in the developing countries all contribute to the traffic congestion and aggravate the pollution problem. The annual average values of PM pollutants in the Middle East region are much higher than the World Health Organization 2006 guidelines (PM2.5 = 10 μg/m(3), PM10 = 20 μg/m(3)). We uncover evidence on the association between PM and CVD in 4 Middle East countries: Iran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates. The findings are in light of the international figures. Ambient PM pollution is considered a potential risk factor for platelet activation and atherosclerosis and has been found to be linked with an increased risk for mortality and hospital admissions due to CVD. This review highlights the importance of developing a strategy to improve air quality and reduce outdoor air pollution in the developing countries, particularly in the Middle East. Future studies should weigh the potential impact of PM on the overall burden of cardiac diseases.
|
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S111518026",
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https://openalex.org/W2734993892
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Delivering Tobacco Cessation Content in the Middle East Through Interprofessional Learning
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2734993892
|
<b>Objective.</b> To explore the attitudes of pharmacy, pharmacy technician, medical, and public health students before and after an IPE activity that focused on smoking cessation in the Middle East. <b>Methods.</b> A pre-post intervention research design using the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) was used for this study. The tool contained 20 items, categorized under the following subscales: teamwork and collaboration, professional identity, and patient-centeredness. <b>Results.</b> A total of 47 out of 50 students from four different health disciplines in Qatar (medicine, pharmacy, pharmacy technician, and public health) who participated in the activity completed a pre- and post-intervention pre-validated questionnaire (94% response rate). Total attitude scores were calculated for all the 20 items along with attitudinal scores of the three domains. Most of the students reported having a positive attitude toward IPE; the number of students having a positive attitude toward IPE increased after the IPE session. The overall median (IQR) score increased from 82 (16) before the session to 84 (15) after the session. Students from different disciplines did not vary in their attitude scores. <b>Conclusion.</b> Health care professional students in Qatar perceived IPE positively, believing that it enhanced their communication skills, collaboration and appreciation of professional roles. This study has implication on developing effective methods to implement IPE in various health professional education curricula.
|
[
{
"display_name": "American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S32993367",
"type": "journal"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
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{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
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|
https://openalex.org/W2995311105
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Relationship between pharmaceutical pricing strategies with price, availability, and affordability of cardiovascular disease medicines: surveys in Qatar and Lebanon
|
[
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"display_name": "Nada Abdel Rida",
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{
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"display_name": "Qatar University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I60342839",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2995311105
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Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Lebanon and Qatar. When lifestyle modifications prove insufficient, medication becomes a cornerstone in controlling such diseases and saving lives. Price, availability, and affordability hinder the equitable access to medicines. The study aimed to assess prices, availability, and affordability of essential cardiovascular disease medicines in relation to pricing strategies in Qatar and Lebanon.A cross-sectional survey using a variant of the World Health Organization and Health Action International (WHO/HAI) methodology as outlined in "Measuring medicine prices, availability, affordability and price components" (2008), second edition, was adopted. Prices and availability of 27 cardiovascular medicines were collected from public and private dispensing outlets. For international comparison, prices were adjusted to purchasing power parity. Data was analyzed across multiple sectors, within and across countries.A total of 15 public and private outlets were surveyed in each country. Prices were more uniform in Qatar than in Lebanon. In the public sector, medicines were free-of-charge in Lebanon and priced lower than the international reference prices in Qatar. The ratio of medicine unit price to international reference price in the private sectors surveyed are significantly higher than the acceptable threshold of 4. This ratio of originator brands and lowest priced generics in Qatar were up to two and five times those in Lebanon, respectively, even after adjusting for purchasing power parity. However, prices of lowest priced generics in the private sector were at least 35% cheaper in Qatar and 65% cheaper in Lebanon than their comparative originator brands. Medicines were more available in the private sector in Lebanon than in Qatar, but only the originator brand availability in the public sector in Qatar exceeded the WHO target of more than 80%. While affordable in the public sector in Qatar, four out of thirteen medicines exceeded the threshold in all private sectors covered. Hence, only the public sector in Qatar had a satisfying level of availability and affordability.Except for the Qatari public sector, medicine prices, availability, and affordability are falling short from targets. Key policy decisions should be implemented to improve access to medicines.
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|
https://openalex.org/W2555636439
|
How Do Qataris Source Health Information?
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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[
"Qatar"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2555636439
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Background Qatar is experiencing rapid population expansion with increasing demands on healthcare services for both acute and chronic conditions. Sourcing accurate information about health conditions is crucial, yet the methods used for sourcing health information in Qatar are currently unknown. Gaining a better understanding of the sources the Qatari population use to recognize and manage health and/or disease will help to develop strategies to educate individuals about existing and emerging health problems. Objective To investigate the methods used by the Qatari population to source health information. We hypothesized that the Internet would be a key service used to access health information by the Qatari population. Methods A researcher-led questionnaire was used to collect information from Qatari adults, aged 18–85 years. Participants were approached in shopping centers and public places in Doha, the capital city of Qatar. The questionnaire was used to ascertain information concerning demographics, health status, and utilization of health care services during the past year as well as sources of health information used. Results Data from a total of 394 eligible participants were included. The Internet was widely used for seeking health information among the Qatari population (71.1%). A greater proportion of Qatari females (78.7%) reported searching for health-related information using the Internet compared to Qatari males (60.8%). Other commonly used sources were family and friends (37.8%) and Primary Health Care Centers (31.2%). Google was the most commonly used search engine (94.8%). Gender, age and education levels were all significant predictors of Internet use for heath information (P<0.001 for all predictors). Females were 2.9 times more likely than males (P<0.001) and people educated to university or college level were 3.03 times more likely (P<0.001) to use the Internet for heath information. Conclusions The Internet is a widely used source to obtain health-related information by the Qatari population. Internet search engines can be utilized to guide users to websites, developed and monitored by healthcare providers, to help convey reliable and accurate health information to Qatar’s growing population.
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https://openalex.org/W2890594323
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Work related injuries in Qatar: a framework for prevention and control
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2890594323
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Work related injuries (WRIs) are a growing public health concern that remains under-recognized, inadequately addressed and largely unmeasured in low and middle-income countries (LMIC’s). However, even in high-income countries, such as those in Gulf Cooperating Council (GCC) like Qatar, there are challenges in assuring the health and safety of its labor population. Countries in the GCC have been rapidly developing as a result of the economic boom from the petrochemical industry during the early seventies. Economic prosperity has propelled the migration of workers from less developed countries to make up for the human resource deficiency to develop its infrastructure, service and hospitality industries. Although these countries have gradually made huge gains in health, economy and human development index, including improvements in life expectancy, education, and standard of living, there remains a high incidence of work-related injuries especially in jobs in the construction and petrochemical sector. Currently, there is scarcity of literature on work-related injuries, especially empirical studies documenting the burden, characteristics and risk factors of work injuries and the work injured population, which includes large numbers of migrant workers in many GCC countries. This paper will focus on the current understanding of WRIs in those countries and identify the gaps in current approaches to workplace injury prevention, outlining current status of WRI prevention efforts in Qatar, and propose a framework of concerted action by multi-sectoral engagement.
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https://openalex.org/W2157399064
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Projection of Diabetes Burden through 2025 and Contributing Risk Factors of Changing Disease Prevalence: An Emerging Public Health Problem
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"display_name": "Fatih Mutlu Abdulbari Bener",
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Background: The Middle East region is predicted to have one of the highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the world. This is the first study in the region to forecast the burden of diabetes.
Aim: This study aims to estimate the projected prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM] among adults in Qatar over the period 2012 to 2025 using national data, and to quantify the potential effect of a suggested preventive intervention program.
Design: It is an observational cohort study.
Setting: The survey was based on registry at the Hamad General Hospital and Primary Health Care (PHC) centers in the State of Qatar.
Subjects: This study consisted of patients above 25 years of age with diagnosed diabetes mellitus registered at Hamad General Hospital and Primary Health Care (PHC) centers during January 2006 to December 2012.
Methods: We developed a dynamic model in which actual incidence, prevalence, and life expectancy data are used and alternative assumptions about future trends in these parameters can be incorporated. Linear regression model has been performed to forecast the burden of diabetes in oil - rich country.
Result: According to the dynamic model, a 10% increased in the number of diabetic patients in the State of Qatar from 37000 in 2006 to 122,000 in 2012 (about 1% annually). The annual diabetes incidence rate was higher in women than in men during a period between 2006 to 2012 years. The static model forecasted as 10% increase over 10 years. The relative increase in prevalence of diabetes and number of diabetic people is higher in women than in men (16.6%; 17.5% and 18.4% in men vs. 22.6%; 23.8% and 25.1% in women). Most of the increase in prevalence of diabetes is projected to occur in younger age groups where it is estimated to increase among age groups of 50-59 years and above 60 years, respectively.
Conclusion: The burden of diabetes in Qatar is markedly larger than proposed by IDF estimations- suggesting that Qatar would be one of the top ten countries worldwide in diabetes prevalence. Family history of diabetes, consanguinity marriages’, hereditary gene-environment interactions, poor nutrition in utero and in early life plus over nutrition in later life may also contribute to the current diabetes epidemic in Qatari’s Arab populations. In planning future health care, monitoring of trends in incidence, prevalence, remission, and mortality or life expectancy is a necessary prerequisite.
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[
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"display_name": "Journal of diabetes & metabolism",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764754086",
"type": "journal"
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https://openalex.org/W3147719080
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Cross-sectional online survey to determine the prevalence, knowledge, attitude and practice of tobacco cessation among governmental healthcare workers in Qatar
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"display_name": "Ahmad AlMulla",
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"display_name": "Nour ElNakib",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5023995448"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777843972"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780832096"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3147719080
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Objectives One effective approach of tobacco control is to encourage the role and the participation of healthcare workers in the prevention efforts against tobacco use. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of tobacco use among governmental healthcare workers in Qatar, to assess healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitude and practice of tobacco cessation and to predict factors associated with above average tobacco cessation practice scores. Design A cross-sectional survey study was conducted among healthcare workers working in Hamad Medical Corporation and Primary Healthcare Centres in Qatar using a self-administered online questionnaire in 2019. Setting Hamad Medical Corporation and Primary Healthcare Centres in Qatar. Participants Governmental healthcare workers aged 18 years and above (n=7214). Results The response rate of our online survey was 20.6% (7214/35 000). Of the 7214 healthcare workers, 16.3% (n=1178) were current tobacco users. In particular, the prevalence of tobacco use among physicians was 11.0%. Fifty-two per cent of healthcare workers (n=2338) attained an average knowledge score (12–17), 71.8% (n=3094) attained positive attitude scores (8–12) and 57.1% (n=3052) attained above average practice scores (12–26). Among the different professions, physicians were having the highest mean knowledge (15.3±4.7), attitude (9.4±1.9) and practice (13.7±6.1) scores. Multivariate analysis showed that having good knowledge (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.8; p<0.0001) and training (AOR=2.4; p<0.0001) were the strongest factors associated positively with above average tobacco cessation practice scores. Conclusions Healthcare workers in Qatar have a relatively similar prevalence of tobacco use than earlier studies with no significant increase. Investing more in training programmes for healthcare workers are needed to root out this negative behaviour and to increase their skills to assist users to quit.
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https://openalex.org/W3211208929
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Epidemiological health assessment in primary healthcare in the State of Qatar- 2019
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3211208929
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In the public sector in Qatar, the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC) is the major provider of primary healthcare services to families. Therefore, the PHCC conducted the first epidemiological health assessment to understand the burden of diseases and their subsequent risk factors impacting its registered population, to design better services, implement it and allocate resources to respond to the population health needs.A cross-sectional study design was adopted among all PHCC registered populations between September 1, 2018, and August 31, 2019. The study target population was all persons residing in Qatar aged 0+ years and registered at the 27 health centers affiliated with the PHCC; excluding patients with an expired residence permit on August 31, 2019, and craft male workers were provided their primary healthcare services at the Qatar Red Crescent health facilities. The data were extracted from patients' electronic medical records (EMR).The burden of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were the highest among the population of the central region at 13.9%, 15.7%, and 11.1%, respectively. Tobacco consumption among males was higher than females and ranged from 25.4% to 27.8%, with the highest rate in the northern region. Obesity rates ranged between 34.7% and 37.0% among the total population registered with the lowest rate in the central region, while 39.9% of females in the northern region had a body mass index above 30 kg/m2. Exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months was significantly lower than that at 4 months across all regions. Children in the northern region had the highest rate of overweight/obesity based on Z-scores. The western region population had the highest number of communicable diseases notifications.Understanding the patterns of disease in the local population will enable the PHCC to plan a clear set of services that meet the population's health needs, which include tailored health education and promotion components.
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https://openalex.org/W3194553648
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Qatar Healthcare Workers' COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Attitudes: A National Cross-Sectional Survey
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3194553648
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Introduction: Healthcare workers are the critical frontline workforce of the COVD-19 pandemic and are considered a target group for vaccination. Hesitancy to vaccinate is a major concern that can jeopardize the vaccination programme. The hesitancy rates in the general population and healthcare workers (HCWs) vary globally, and more importantly, hesitancy in HCWs is of particular concern, as it can influence the wider population. Materials and Methods: The present study evaluated the vaccine hesitancy rate and its sociodemographic and attitudinal factors among the HCWs in the state of Qatar. We conducted a national cross-sectional survey using a validated hesitancy measurement tool between October 15 and November 15, 2020. A total of 7,821 adults above the age of 18 years out of the 2.3 million adult Qatari residents completed the survey. While majority of the participants were from the general public, 1,546 participants were HCWs. Sociodemographic data, along with attitudes and beliefs around COVID-19 vaccination, were collected from the respondents. Results: We found that 12.9% of the study participants showed vaccine hesitancy, defined as definitely or probably will not take the vaccine if offered, and 25.31% reported that they were unsure about the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine. Female respondents were more hesitant toward the vaccine. Safety and efficacy concerns of vaccine were the significant predictors of vaccine hesitancy. The primary predictor for vaccine acceptance was a better understanding of the disease and vaccine. Discussion: Overall, 1 in 8 HCWs were reluctant to get vaccinated against COVID-19, mainly due to concerns about the vaccine's efficacy and safety. Education about the vaccine's safety and efficacy can potentially improve acceptance among healthcare workers.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Frontiers in Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2595931848",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3107469043
|
Analysis of Qatar's successful public health policy in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Amit Varma",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079635087"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ismail Dergaa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011904499"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Maysaa Ashkanani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5015704988"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sarah Musa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008764371"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Miaaz Zidan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029524522"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "2019-20 coronavirus outbreak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3006700255"
},
{
"display_name": "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3007834351"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Virology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159047783"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Outbreak",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C116675565"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
}
] |
[
"Qatar"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3107469043
|
Objectives: Analysis and review of the public health policies implemented by Qatar, contributing to improvised outcomes in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Study Design: A wide range of responses from public health departments and governments around the world has led to varied results in tackling the pandemic. We analysed the public health policies implemented in Qatar to curb the spread of Covid-19, taking into consideration the roles of various departments including the Ministry of Public Health, primary and secondary health care services, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Interior.
Methods: We looked at how Qatar has implemented its public health policies and managed to curb the COVID-19 outbreak very effectively and efficiently in spite of having the highest number of COVID-19 positive patients per million population in the world. We evaluated the information which is available publicly on the official websites of the various organizations involved.
Results: The implementation of their policies has resulted in the country recording one of the lowest mortality rates in the world with excellent patient outcomes. Qatar has also succeeded in preventing to a large extent, the second wave of COVID-19 in dealing with the pandemic.
Conclusion: We recommend similar measures to successfully help slow the transmission of COVID-19 and protect healthcare systems around the world. It's pertinent to continue community awareness regarding infection control and prevention measures as well as strengthening surveillance systems and mobilising all available sectors early in the course of a pandemic. This helps reduce morbidity and mortality of the vulnerable population as well as enables the frontline workers who are doing the best they can, to protect the people of the country.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210200793",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2791734206
|
Obesity and Related Factors Among Children and Adolescents in Qatar
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Ministry of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210093045",
"lat": 25.297155,
"long": 51.50885,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohammed Al‐Thani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056834019"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Ministry of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210093045",
"lat": 25.297155,
"long": 51.50885,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Al-Anoud Al-Thani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017110259"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Ministry of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210093045",
"lat": 25.297155,
"long": 51.50885,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Walaa Al-Chetachi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046633156"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Qatar",
"display_name": "Ministry of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210093045",
"lat": 25.297155,
"long": 51.50885,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Hammad Akram",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5086310555"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Overweight",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586474"
},
{
"display_name": "Obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
}
] |
[
"Qatar"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1967888002",
"https://openalex.org/W2008643509",
"https://openalex.org/W2011136056",
"https://openalex.org/W2050417124",
"https://openalex.org/W2057921119",
"https://openalex.org/W2083377550",
"https://openalex.org/W2162699106",
"https://openalex.org/W2163710303",
"https://openalex.org/W2522462850",
"https://openalex.org/W2611272196",
"https://openalex.org/W2616400220"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2791734206
|
Overweight and obesity are major public health issues worldwide impacting millions of people. The prevalence of increased body weight among children and adolescents is becoming a global phenomenon. The State of Qatar is also experiencing the effects of obesity pandemic among adults and younger populations. In order to examine obesity and overweight parameters, a literature review was carried out using key scientific databases. Furthermore, this mini-review examines the selected factors that could be associated with obesity and overweight situation among children and adolescents living in Qatar. The results showed that the obesity is indeed a major public health issue among youth in Qatar.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International journal of basic science in medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210192591",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400572",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400562",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
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