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https://openalex.org/W2053649139
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George Bonney (1947-2013) Remembered
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Genetic EpidemiologyVolume 38, Issue 2 p. 95-96 In Remembrance George Bonney (1947–2013) Remembered Christopher Amos, Corresponding Author Christopher Amos Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of AmericaCorrespondence to: Professor Christopher Amos, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth College, 46 Centerra Parkway, Suite 330, Lebanon, NH, USA, 03750. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorVarghese George, Varghese George Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of AmericaSearch for more papers by this authorJoan Bailey-Wilson, Joan Bailey-Wilson Inherited Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of AmericaSearch for more papers by this authorFlorence Demenais, Florence Demenais INSERM, U946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases Unit, Paris, France Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Paris, FranceSearch for more papers by this author Christopher Amos, Corresponding Author Christopher Amos Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of AmericaCorrespondence to: Professor Christopher Amos, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth College, 46 Centerra Parkway, Suite 330, Lebanon, NH, USA, 03750. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorVarghese George, Varghese George Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, Georgia, United States of AmericaSearch for more papers by this authorJoan Bailey-Wilson, Joan Bailey-Wilson Inherited Disease Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of AmericaSearch for more papers by this authorFlorence Demenais, Florence Demenais INSERM, U946, Genetic Variation and Human Diseases Unit, Paris, France Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Paris, FranceSearch for more papers by this author First published: 23 December 2013 https://doi.org/10.1002/gepi.21780Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. Volume38, Issue2February 2014Pages 95-96 RelatedInformation
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https://openalex.org/W4388038723
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Assessment of Health Care Compliance in Managing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Urinary Tract Infection Using Machine Learning Techniques
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa poses a grave global threat to public health due to its escalating antibiotic resistance, resulting in an undue economic burden on vulnerable communities facing depreciated economies. This study assesses physician adherence to treatment protocols for urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa using machine learning algorithms. A retrospective dataset spanning January 2018 to December 2022 from a local Tripoli hospital in North Lebanon was analyzed. Non-compliance cases were classified based on factors impacting protocol adherence. The antimicrobial susceptibility test results were utilized to evaluate physicians' empirical treatment choices. Various algorithms, including Support vector machine, classifier chain, K-Neighbors classifier, Linear Regression, and Random Forest, were employed to build and train the machine learning model. The support vector machine algorithm exhibited the highest accuracy, accurately predicting antimicrobial susceptibility in 70% of cases. Results were categorized into three scenarios based on correlation with clinical protocol. Future research should explore additional features like antimicrobial usage patterns, resistance gene identification, susceptibility profiling, and environmental factors to enhance model performance and shed light on non-compliance factors.
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[] |
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https://openalex.org/W4388801019
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Cost-benefit analysis of a multicomponent breastfeeding promotion and support intervention in a developing country
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Abstract Background Studies evaluating breastfeeding promotion and support interventions suggest some economic benefits. This study assessed the direct and indirect costs of a multicomponent breastfeeding promotion and support intervention during the first two years of the infant’s life. Methods This is a cost-benefit analysis of data generated from a randomized controlled trial that aimed at investigating whether provision of a multicomponent breastfeeding promotion and support intervention to Lebanese mothers in the first six months postpartum would improve breastfeeding rates compared to standard obstetric and pediatric care. Data on 339 participants included information on maternal socio-demographics and health, infant nutrition and health, and direct and indirect costs of the intervention. The primary outcome was the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of the intervention at one, six, 12, and 24 months. Secondary outcomes included the overall costs of infant nutrition and infant-mother dyad health costs during the first two years. Multiple linear regression models investigated the effect of the multicomponent intervention (independent variable) on the overall infant nutrition cost and the overall mother-infant health costs (as dependent variables), adjusting for monthly income and number of children (confounders) at different time points in the first two years. Similar regression models investigated the association between infant nutrition type (exclusive breastfeeding, mixed feeding, artificial milk) and infant nutrition costs and infant-mother health costs. Intention to treat analyses were conducted using SPSS (version 24). Statistical significance was set at a p -value below 0.05. Results The prevalence of Exclusive/Predominant breastfeeding among participants declined from 51.6% in the first month to 6.6% at the end of second year. The multicomponent breastfeeding intervention incurred 485 USD more in costs than the control group during the first six months but was cost-efficient by the end of the first year (incremental net benefits of 374 USD; BCR=2.44), and by the end of the second year (incremental net benefits of 472 USD; BCR=2.82). In adjusted analyses, the intervention was significantly associated with fewer infant illness visits in the first year ( p =0.045). Stratified analyses by the type of infant nutrition revealed that infants who were on Exclusive/Predominant , or Any Breastfeeding had significantly more favorable health outcomes at different time points during the first two years ( p <0.05) compared to infants receiving Artificial Milk only, with health benefits being highest in the Exclusive/Predominant breastfeeding group. Moreover, Exclusive/Predominant and Any Breastfeeding had significantly lower costs of infant illness visits, hospitalizations, and infant medications during the two years ( p <0.05), but had additional cost for maternal non-routine doctor visits due to breastfeeding (all p values <0.05). Whereas the overall cost (direct and indirect) during the first six months was significantly lower for the Exclusive/Predominant breastfeeding infants ( p =0.001), they were similar in infants on Mixed Feeding or Artificial Milk . Conclusions Breastfeeding is associated with significant economic and infant health benefits in the first two years. In the context of the current economic crisis in Lebanon, this study provides further evidence to policymakers on the need to invest in national breastfeeding promotion and support interventions.
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https://openalex.org/W2767399002
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In reply: Management of thin melanoma
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None. Sincerely, Alison B. Durham, MD1 Jennifer L. Schwartz, MD1 Lori Lowe, MD1,2 Lili Zhao, PhD3 Andrew G. Johnson, BA4 Kelly L. Harms MD, PhD1 Christopher K. Bichakjian, MD1 Amy P. Orsini, MD1 Scott A. McLean, MD, PhD5 Carol R. Bradford, MD5 Mark S. Cohen, MD6 Timothy M. Johnson, MD1,5,6 Michael S. Sabel, MD6 Sandra L. Wong MD, MS7 1Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan 2Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 3Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 4University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 5Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 6Surgery University of Michigan Medical School and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 7Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire Correspondence Alison B. Durham, Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Health System, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr, UH South F7672, Ann Arbor MI 48109-5218. Email: [email protected]
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https://openalex.org/W4387189736
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Risk as catalyst for positive change: lessons learnt from public health readiness for cholera in Jordan
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This case study highlights how a looming health crisis was leveraged as drivers for positive change for the health sector, in line with the health security agenda. In Jordan, several authorities are mandated by law to manage health emergencies. Following the declaration of outbreaks of cholera in Iraq, Lebanon and Syria, health authorities in Jordan called for a series of emergency meetings during September 2022 to discuss implications around travel and trade as well as shared waters. WHO was part of the consultations and provided guidance on the application of the International Health Regulations 2005. As the risk for cholera importation persisted, the Ministry of Health assumed its leadership role for the overall health sector response while the Jordanian Center for Disease Control assumed a coordinating function. Roles and responsibilities were enshrined in the National Cholera Preparedness and Response Plan. In consideration of the vulnerability of refugee camps and settlements towards Cholera, the existing Jordan humanitarian coordination platforms such as the Health Sector Working Group were used to share information and to coordinate activities. A whole-of-government risk assessment during December 2022 was complemented by a field visit at Zaatari refugee camp. This helped assess the risk and readiness for a cholera outbreak in Jordan and informed priority activities, such as the establishment of a national risk communication and community engagement working group as well as training on case management.
|
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|
https://openalex.org/W2901848409
|
Changing Trends in Eye-Related Complaints Presenting to the Emergency Department in Beirut, Lebanon, over 15 Years
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2901848409
|
Objective. To report the 15-year trend in ophthalmic presentations to the emergency department (ED) at the only medical center in Lebanon that provides 24-hour ophthalmologic care. Methods. Retrospective review of 1967 patients presenting to the ED with eye-related complaints between September 1997 and August 1998 and between September 2012 and August 2013. Diagnoses were classified into 4 categories according to the International Society of Ocular Trauma and include penetrating eye injuries, nonpenetrating eye trauma, nontraumatic ophthalmic emergencies, and nontraumatic, nonurgent ophthalmic conditions. Results. One thousand sixty eye-related presentations out of 39,158 total ED visits (2.71%) presented in 1997 compared to 907 out of 46,363 in 2012 (1.96%). Penetrating and nonpenetrating eye emergencies decreased between 1997 and 2012 (7.17% to 4.19%, and 52.64% to 29.00%, , resp.) while nonurgent cases increased from 30.19% to 53.47% ( ). 57% of patients were covered by third-party guarantors in 1997 versus 73% in 2012. Conclusion. Our results demonstrate a significant increase in nonurgent cases in parallel with the proportion of third-party payers, an issue to be addressed by public health policies and proper resource allocation. A detailed nationwide review is needed to make solid recommendations for the management of ophthalmologic presentations in the ED.
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https://openalex.org/W4253295710
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Beirut Air Pollution and Health Effects - BAPHE study protocol and objectives
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[
"Lebanon"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4253295710
|
Background: Recent studies investigating the health effects of air pollution have proven an existing impact aroundand below international air quality guidelines and standards. These studies were based on accessible data from official registers managed by public authorities. The protocol followed in BAPHE project is described; its benefits and disadvantages are presented and discussed in this paper.
 Methods: Based on the review of several international studies we developed a custom made approach in BAPHE (Beirut Air Pollution and Health Effects) project in order to analyze the short term health effects of air pollution taking into consideration the lack of data availability from official sources.
 Results: PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were measured in Beirut for the period starting from the 1st of January 2012 to the 31st of December 2012. The annual average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 exceeded WHO’s annual average limits by 150 % and 200 %, respectively. Health data for 11,567 individuals were collected over 12 months. A variation of hospital admission causes was observed by age categories and gender.
 Conclusions: This article presents a simple protocol and the descriptive results of its application in the frame of an eco-epidemiological study in Lebanon. We believe that this work is not only important on a local scale, but it could be helpful for environmental epidemiological studies in other countries.
|
[
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"display_name": "Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S160879556",
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"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
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"display_name": "HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402512",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4323046789
|
Sleep Disorders in Syria
|
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4323046789
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Although there is no data on the prevalence of sleep disorders in the Syrian population, extrapolating from neighboring countries like Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, and other Arab and Mediterranean countries, sleep disorders including sleep-disordered breathing are common. Non-Communicable diseases account for two-thirds of deaths. Hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and tobacco smoking are among the highest in the region. There is a strong association between NCDs and sleep-disordered breathing. Most sleep disorders in Syria are undiagnosed and untreated due to the absence of or very low access to sleep specialists and sleep testing, the absence of national policies, and low awareness within the medical community and among the public. The long conflict in Syria, which began in 2011, has resulted in a complex humanitarian emergency, with 6.7 million internally displaced people and 6.5 million refugees out of a total estimated population of 22.5 million. The conflict and the resultant destruction of the health infrastructure have led to a severe public health crisis, which has further impacted the health of the population. There is low access to sleep education, testing, and treatment, mostly in major urban centers, although the demands are increasing. There are ample opportunities to improve the practice of sleep medicine, in spite of the long conflict and war, if local champions, NGOs, national authorities, and medical societies adopted already-available resources, guidelines, and regulations, incorporated creative means and telehealth, and followed the recommendations of the World Health Organization on Sleep and Health.<br>
|
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https://openalex.org/W4381681996
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Nativity in the healthy migrant effect: Evidence from Australia
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4381681996
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Migrant health constitutes an important public health issue; however, variations in the ‘healthy migrant effect’ among migrants of different nativity are not adequately understood. To fill this gap, this study examines the life expectancy (LE) and healthy life expectancy (HLE) of the Australian-born population and eight major migrant groups in Australia for 2006, 2011 and 2016. The results show that compared with the Australian-born population, the foreign-born population overall had a higher LE and HLE but a lower HLE/LE ratio. Considerable variations in migrant health status according to nativity were also observed. Specifically, migrants from South Africa, Britain and Germany exhibited a similar or higher LE, HLE and HLE/LE ratio, while those from China, India, Italy and Greece had a higher LE but a significantly lower HLE/LE ratio compared with the Australian-born population. Lebanese migrants were the only group who experienced an unchanging LE and a declining HLE from 2006 to 2016. These notable differences in migrants' health outcomes with respect to nativity may be explained by the sociocultural differences between the origin and host countries and the different extents of migration selectivity of different migrant groups. Targeted countermeasures such as improving the quality of life of migrants from culturally diverse backgrounds or with negative migration experiences are suggested.
|
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https://openalex.org/W68216396
|
Public health, public trust, and public decision making: making hepatitis C virus lookback work
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W68216396
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TransfusionVolume 39, Issue 2 p. 123-127 Free Access Public health, public trust, and public decision making: making hepatitis C virus lookback work First published: 19 December 2002 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1537-2995.1999.39299154724.xCitations: 11AboutSectionsPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat The hepatitis C virus (HCV) lookback process in the United States is now under way. The current design incorporates two approaches to recipient notification in an effort to maximize the advantages and minimize the disadvantages of each method, to get the message to all who can benefit from it. Recipients of units transfused since 1988 from donors who were later found positive in multiantigen (second- and third-generation) anti-HCV testing will be notified individually as part of a targeted lookback program; all transfusion recipients since 1992 are being advised through public service announcements and their physicians to seek testing for HCV This generalized lookback campaign was included in the program because of the substantial risk of transmission prior to the implementation of multiantigen anti-HCV testing in 1992. It is being used instead of a targeted lookback for donors who tested repeatedly reactive in the first-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA) because of the high rate of false positivity in that test that would result in a high proportion of notifications being based on false-positive donor test results, as well as to prevent the lack of receipt of a lookback letter (for transfusions in 1990–92) being assumed to signify a lack of HCV risk. This stratified approach is designed to reach the greatest number of recipients with the clearest message possible. Two detailed reports1,2 of the targeted HCV lookback experience of other industrialized countries (Canada and Denmark) in this issue of TRANSFUSION may help refine our expectations of the process; they should also prompt a reconsideration of our goals and highlight the decisionmaking process that is currently directing blood banking. Blood bankers are only peripherally involved in the general lookback educational campaigns, but our intense involvement in the targeted lookback program highlights our new role in the arena of public health. This aspect of our profession has become increasingly obvious over the past decade. Blood bankers readily accept responsibility for being the stewards of blood supply safety. Care of donors is another ethical duty also understood and willingly accepted as part of our effort. The concept of lookback takes blood banking further into the realm of public health with a different focus, particularly given the large scale of the HCV targeted lookback effort. How can we make the most of our situation and achieve the greatest benefit possible for patients? LEARNING FROM THE EXPERIENCE OF OTHERS Although HIV lookback was instituted by the blood banking community shortly after the initiation of HIV antibody testing, several features that distinguish HCV raised questions about the utility of a targeted lookback effort for this infection. The reports in this issue of the journal and a previous compilation of the Canadian experience3 provide important information that should clarify our expectations. As was the case with HIV lookback,4 the low probability that a transfusion recipient is alive, traceable, and desirous of testing is striking. Looking back to transfusions within the previous decade, reports from both Canada and Denmark noted a posttransfusion survival rate of 28 to 36 percent. This is similar to the experience reported from the Mayo Clinic (Rochester, MN), in which careful review of health records determined that about 58 percent of patients were alive 5 years after transfusion.5 Even if a recipient were still alive, locating him or her in a mobile society can be difficult. Both Canada and Denmark have population identification mechanisms and universal health care systems that provide efficient and definitive location of patients. Such systems are not available to health care providers in the United States, which adds a significant challenge to our targeted lookback efforts, particularly for transfusions occurring more than a few years ago. Once located and informed, all transfusion recipients have access to testing and counseling at no charge in Canada and Denmark; in the United States, the Health Care Financing Administration has still not stated whether it intends to require Medicare carriers to pay for testing triggered by HCV lookback notification, and concerns exist not only about the costs of testing but about the impact that test results may have on future insurability of patients found to be infected with HCV Despite all these advantages for a lookback effort in those countries over that in the United States, only 11 to 15 percent of lookback cases in Canada and Denmark resulted in a living recipient's being tested for HCV infection. This low yield can also be predicted from early reports of HCV lookback experience in the United States in which only 2.8 percent of lookback cases resulted in a recipient's being located and tested,6 and it parallels the results of targeted HCV lookback in other countries.7 Even when HCV lookback notifications occur shortly after transfusion, fewer than one-half of recipients are alive and respond to the notification.8 Once the recipient is tested, however, the rationale of the lookback process is more apparent: 61 to 73 percent of tested recipients were identified as having been infected with HCV, and some had already experienced morbidity due to this infection. However, identification of HCV infection in this cohort of patients may not be readily translatable into health improvements or greater longevity for them. It is not surprising that there was no significantly greater likelihood that HCV-infected recipients would have symptoms associated with their infection, given the rate of progression of HCV disease. Whether early treatment of HCV infection will limit the progression of disease or create more morbidity remains to determined,9,10 although avoidance of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma is a worthy goal.11 The age of the recipient will affect whether an infected recipient will be referred for consideration of therapy. The limitations of age and intercurrent disease convinced those involved in the Danish lookback program not to even attempt to notify 41 percent of recipients, and the mean age of patients at notification in Canada was 70 years, a decade beyond the age range in which interferon therapy is usually applied. Even with projections of an optimistic 40-percent response rate to combination therapy in all infected recipients,12–14 the experience reported in this issue of the journal suggests that fewer than 1 in 100 recipients of components involved in HCV lookback will be alive and will obtain medical benefit from the HCV lookback effort. While the limits of targeted lookback are recognized, generalized lookback still has a role to play. Public service announcements and increased awareness of medical care providers of HCV risks and consequences may serve not only to attract the attention of recipients of transfusions not tested with multiantigen anti-HCV testing but also the 20 times larger group of persons infected with HCV through other means. These public education messages may also make it understood in the community that HCV is an important disease; one hopes that this will encourage a greater proportion of the recipients of targeted lookback letters to seek testing and counseling. Will this effort bear fruit? The wide publicity about the hepatitis risks of transfusion in the Canadian media over the past 3 years is the likely explanation for the fact that half of Province of Quebec's lookback patients had previous knowledge of their infection. However, after the implementation of anti-HCV testing in Cincinnati, OH, the blood center there mounted a vigorous public information campaign urging all area residents who had received transfusion(s) to seek testing; less than 5 percent of recipients did.15 While this is a lower response than public health officials might wish, it is similar to that of the targeted efforts reported from Canada and Denmark. Other mechanisms of notification have also been tried. San Francisco Bay Area hospitals sent letters to all transfusion recipients from the period of highest HIV risk (1987) advising them to seek testing for HIV infection. Despite the massive publicity about HIV in the Bay Area, only 4 percent of recipients sought testing.4,16 Clearly, getting people to pay attention to a risk associated with a past transfusion is difficult. These reports illustrate the dilemmas of HCV lookback. While only a small minority of patients stand to benefit from the effort, there are some individuals for whom the notification may result in initiation of a therapy that may significantly extend their lives. HCV lookback thus is analogous to a health screening effort: many individuals are entered into the program with the expectation that a few will benefit. This aspect of the lookback effort places blood banking in the realm of public health operations. Our goal in HCV lookback then becomes one of melding public expectations, regulatory guidelines, and medical responsibility to provide the greatest benefit that we can via a process with acknowledged limited potential. BASIS FOR US HCV LOOKBACK HCV lookback received earnest attention and support in the United States in the late 1990s only after the chronic, insidious, and potentially devastating nature of HCV infection came to be well understood and after recognition that certain interventions (such as antiviral therapies and cessation of alcohol consumption17,18) could improve clinical outcomes for some patients. HCV lookback also came about through increased public input into decision-making processes in blood banking, such as that afforded by the Blood Safety and Availability Advisory Committee of the Department of Health and Human Services. This committee has continued to wrestle with concepts of patients’“right to know” versus the exigencies and practicalities of various lookback approaches. The decision-making process may lead to further refinements of the HCV lookback effort as blood bankers learn more about identifying those EIA-repeatedly reactive donors who are at greatest risk of transmitting the infection and as the public learns that the “perfect” system for patient tracking and notification is not the one that is in place in this country. Reconciliation of the different expectations of the lookback process is difficult. Patients expect full disclosure of all their medical information; yet the lookback process is a public health endeavor that has limited capabilities and is resource consumptive. The issue is not whether a physician looking at a laboratory result in a chart decides to inform the patient, but whether an isolated piece of medical information from a facility where the identity of the transfusion recipient of several years ago is not known can be linked and transmitted through a circuitous and unsure path. Will the public get what it wants from this process? How can we focus our efforts to ensure the best possible outcome? Will this public health effort accrue benefit commensurate with the hundreds of person-years of effort and the hundreds of millions of dollars of health care resources it will consume? Within the framework of the US HCV targeted lookback program,19 the number of recipients to be notified varies according to how one constructs the calculations, but it has been estimated to be approximately 300,000. This figure has been quoted often and used as a rallying cry for those believing that prompt initiation of HCV lookback was imperative. From such an effort, however, approximately 5 to 10,000 new HCV infections will be identified and 1,500 patients will realize benefit from antiviral treatment. Expanding the targeted lookback to include first-generation EIA-repeatedly reactive donors would more than double the effort required but would provide notification of real exposure risk with only one-sixth the efficiency and yield of the current program. (Alter M, Epstein J, written communication, November 1998). For those believing that the blood banking profession owes a duty of direct transfer of information to potentially infected recipients, the cost of discharging that duty is immaterial. However, if this lookback is viewed as a public health effort, it is appropriate to compare its yield and cost-effectiveness to those of other public health programs. These projections of benefit from a targeted lookback program and published cost-effectiveness estimations of interferon therapy for HCV20 suggest that the cost-effectiveness of the lookback is about 1 million dollars per quality-adjusted life year. This is far in excess of the oft-quoted cost-effectiveness benchmark of $50,000 per quality-adjusted life year, and it stands in contrast to the cost-effectiveness of other public health programs that have not received universal support because their cost-effectiveness was regarded as too poor, including annual mammography for women below age 50.21 While cost is eschewed as a basis for decision making in transfusion medicine, and those in the field do not expect new external sources of compensation to become available to fund the targeted lookback effort, it is important for the public to realize that the time and effort expended in lookback will necessarily divert attention from other projects and research that might provide greater benefit to transfusion recipients. However, there is an important benefit to the blood banking community from this effort—that of regaining public trust. Blood banking is still suffering from misperceptions about blood safety decisions that were made over 15 years ago. Regaining the trust that disappeared with the recognition that HIV is transmitted through blood will take extraordinary efforts and a long time. Publicity surrounding the HCV lookback effort may raise the specter of an “unsafe” blood supply, and poorly handled notifications may lead to unfavorable news stories. However, by engaging in this massive effort with well-constructed notification, counseling, and testing systems and in partnership with the public education effort being mounted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and private organizations, we can demonstrate to past and future transfusion recipients that we do indeed care about them and will do what we can to help them. SUGGESTIONS FOR ACTION Federal guidelines have established the framework for targeted HCV lookback, but numerous practical difficulties still demand resolution. An Interagency Task Force on HCV Lookback, coordinated by the American Association of Blood Banks and including representatives from all the major blood-collecting organizations, several hospital transfusion services, and key federal agencies, defined and addressed problem areas soon after the Food and Drug Administration draft guideline was released March 20, 1998. Many suggestions for clarification and modification that this group made were incorporated into the revised guideline released September 23, 1998.19 Timelines for initiation of the program were modified to allow the CDC to move further along in its public and physician HCV education efforts so that the importance of the notifications and their proper followup would be better understood when notifications began. Which donors should be included in the process was clarified, and approval was obtained for using third-generation EIAs to resolve indeterminate results found in second-generation supplemental testing. This reduced the number of unnecessary and inappropriate notifications by approximately one-quarter to one-half, thus decreasing unproductive workload and recipient anxiety.22,23 Transfusion services were provided a more flexible framework for notifying physicians and/or recipients that took into account the difficulty certain institutions may face in identifying a physician with whom the patient has an ongoing relationship. These and other requested modifications and clarifications have resulted in a regulatory outline of the targeted HCV lookback program that, while still imperfect, provides a useful basis from which to begin. For blood-collecting agencies, the elements and timeline are clearly stated, but, for transfusion services, there are more opportunities to adjust notification efforts to unique situations. The useful materials provided by the CDC for physician and patient information will guide the content of the notification and follow-up counseling.17,24 Decisions about who should conduct the notification and in what manner remain an individual institution's. In this regard, the experiences of other countries are less helpful as their differences from the US health care system become more apparent. Notification by which physician? The physician in charge of the patient's care at the time of the transfusion may have had only a brief relationship with the patient (e.g., a surgeon). Another, referring physician (possibly not directly associated with the transfusing institution) may have a more substantial and enduring relationship with the patient, and thus may be better able to provide reassurance and counseling. Furthermore, physicians will vary greatly in their knowledge of HCV (or in time and willingness to obtain that knowledge) and in their personal ability to convey this information empathetically to a frightened patient. Notification by the transfusion service? The revised Food and Drug Administration guideline19 allows transfusion services the option of notifying the patient directly (concurrently with notification of the patient's physician). This may allow for the delivery of a more uniform message while avoiding the vagaries of attempting to define which of several physicians is the one with the best relationship with the patient. In this decision, hospitals will need to weigh their ability to deliver notification with the empathy that a long-time, trusted caregiver might muster. Patient testing Many blood-collecting agencies and hospitals are offering anti-HCV testing to lookback recipients at no charge, as a goodwill gesture. This laudable effort may also contribute a great deal to our knowledge of the outcome of the lookback process. Determining the number of notified recipients who actually seek testing and the proportion ultimately found positive will be valuable for public health authorities charged with evaluating the success of the current effort; this information will also help guide future decisions on whether to implement other lookback programs. The need to maintain patient confidentiality is understood, but transfusion services can benefit their own future operations by considering how to obtain follow-up information about the HCV status of notified recipients that can be passed along to blood centers and public health agencies. Choices from among the options available may make important differences: successful patient notification versus hours of work resulting in a dead end; patients’understanding of their increased risk of HCV exposure versus their indifference to that risk; and knowledge to help design future lookback efforts for improved efficiency (or avoid them when alternative strategies may be more beneficial) versus using the same approach again because we have not gathered the information to improve our delivery of this aspect of healthcare. In short, while some may legitimately argue that targeted HCV lookback is a large expenditure of effort likely to be associated with a small health gain, “doing it right” offers important benefits to the recipients and the system. MAKING LEMONADE With targeted HCV lookback, the role of blood bankers has clearly been broadened to include that of a public health role. We may derive some pleasure from the importance that the public places on our efforts, but we will need to remain mindful that the public is quick to attach the expectations of a physician-patient relationship to the entire transfusion system's processes and thus increase their expectations of our activities. We should not be surprised, either, that societal decisions regarding the application of our efforts are subject to the concerns of the citizenry and thus are focused on virus transmission over other types of risks at the present time.25 These decisions will probably continue to be subject to political and emotional influences for the foreseeable future; consequently, they may appear to lack scientific rationality from time to time. The challenge to us will be to provide effective medical input to influence the outcome of the discussions so that we demonstrate our concern for patients through the application of resources in a manner that addresses the problems we all agree are the most important. We should clearly define the key elements of a transfusion system that will allow us to fulfill the expectations of those whom we serve—such as the development of national patient identification and tracking system—and then inform the public about the system to gain its endorsement and financial support. HCV lookback will benefit the US transfusion system and society, not just certain patients, by highlighting the importance of collaborative public and private-sector efforts and the necessity of having a system that is capable of delivering what is desired. James P. AuBuchon, MD1 1Department of Pathology Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center One Medical Center Drive Lebanon, NH 03756 REFERENCES 1 Long A, Spurll G, Demers H, Goldman M. Targeted hepatitis C lookback: Quebec, Canada. Transfusion 1999; 39: 194– 200. 2 Christensen PB, Groenbæk K, Krarup HB, and the Danish HCV (hepatitis C virus) Lookback Group. Transfusion-acquired-hepatitis C: the Danish lookback experience. Transfusion 1999; 39: 188– 193. 3 Goldman M, Juodvalkis S, Gill P, Spurll G. Hepatitis C lookback. Transfus Med Rev 1998; 12: 84– 93. 4 Busch MP. Let's look at human immunodeficiency virus look-back before leaping into hepatitis C look-back. Transfusion 1991; 31: 655– 61. 5 Vamvakas EC, Taswell HF. Long-term survival after blood transfusion. Transfusion 1994; 34: 471– 7. 6 Becker LM, McFarland JG. HCV, retrospective and prospective lookback (abstract). Transfusion 1998; 38(Suppl): 4S. 7 Morris K, Bharucha C. Completed hepatitis C lookback in Northern Ireland. Transfus Med 1997; 7: 269– 75. 8 Aoki SK, Holland PV, Fernando LP, et al. Evidence of hepatitis in patients receiving transfusions of blood components containing antibody to hepatitis C. Blood 1993; 82: 1000– 5. 9 Levine RA. Treating histologically mild chronic hepatitis C: monotherapy, combination therapy, or tincture of time? Ann Intern Med 1998; 129: 323– 6. 10 Sangiovanni A, Morales R, Spinzi G, et al. Interferon alfa treatment of HCV RNA carriers with persistently normal transaminase levels: a pilot randomized controlled study. Hepatology 1998; 27: 853– 6. 11 Effect of interferon-α on progression of cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective cohort study. International Interferon-α Hepatocellular Carcinoma Study Group. Lancet 1998; 351: 1535– 9. 12 Reichard O, Norkrans G, Fryden A, et al. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of interferon α-2b with and without ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C. The Swedish Study Group. Lancet 1998; 351: 83– 7. 13 McHutchinson JG, Gordon SC, Schiff ER, et al. Interferon α-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin as initial treatment for chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1485– 92. 14 Davis GL, Estban-Mur R, Rustgi V, et al. Interferon alfa-2b alone or in combination with ribavirin for the treatment of relapse of chronic hepatitis C. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1493– 9. 15 Zuck TF, Rose GA, Dumaswala UJ, Geer NJ. Experience with a transfusion recipient education program about hepatitis C. Transfusion 1990; 30: 759– 61. 16 Donegan E, Johnson D, Remedios V, Cohen S. Mass notification of transfusion recipients at risk for HIV infection (letter). JAMA 1988; 260: 922– 3. 17 Recommendations for prevention and control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and HCV-related chronic disease. MMWR Morb Motal Wkly Rep 1998; 47(No. RR-19): 1– 40. 18 National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Panel statement: management of hepatitis C. Hepatology 1997; 26(3 Suppl 1): 2S– 10S. 19 Guidance for industry: current good manufacturing practice for blood and blood components: (1) quarantine and disposition of units from prior collections from donors with repeatedly reactive screening tests for antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV); (2) supplemental testing, and the notification of consignees and blood recipients of donor test results for anti-HCV. Rockville, MD: Food and Drug Administration, September 23,1998. 20 Bennett WG, Inoue Y, Beck JR, et al. Estimates of the cost-effectiveness of a single course of interferon-α 2b in patients with histologically mild chronic hepatitis C. Ann Intern Med 1997; 127: 855– 65. 21 Salzmann P, Kerlikowske K, Phillips K. Cost-effectiveness of extending screening mammography guidelines to include women 40 to 49 years of age. Ann Intern Med 1997; 127: 955– 65; erratum appears Ann Intern Med 1998;128:878. 22 Tobler LH, Lee SR, Peterson J, et al., for the Retroviral Epidemiology Donor Study (REDS). Performance of RIBA3 on HCV EIA3 screened/RIBA2 tested blood donors (abstract). Transfusion 1998; 38(Suppl): 93S. 23 Tobler LH, Tegtmeier G, Quan S, et al. Use of HCV version 3 (EIA3) to determine lookback status of EIA2 reactive(R)/RIBA™ HCV 2.0 SIA (RIBA2) indeterminate (IND) donors (abstract). Transfusion 1998; 38(Suppl): 93S. 24 Website of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services (http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/hepatitis/hepatitis.htm) and Member Section of the website of the American Association of Blood Banks (www.aabb.org). 25 AuBuchon JP, Birkmeyer JD, Busch MP. Safety of the blood supply in the United States: opportunities and controversies. Ann Intern Med 1997; 127: 904– 9. Citing Literature Volume39, Issue2February 1999Pages 123-127 ReferencesRelatedInformation
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https://openalex.org/W4319441608
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Health-related Quality of life of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Lebanon
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"display_name": "Lama Ahmad",
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"display_name": "Chaza Abou Omar",
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"country": "Portugal",
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"display_name": "Georges Hatem",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005461991"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C134362201"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C23131810"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779951463"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4319441608
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Objectives: This study aims to assess (i) the health-related Quality of Life (QoL) of medical students in Lebanon, (ii) its association with their general characteristics, and (iii) to investigate the combined effects of the predictors affecting the quality of life of students. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was performed over three months, targeting 401 medical students from six universities. The 36-item Short Form survey was used to quantify the different QoL scores. Results: The physical component (PC) domains had higher scores than the mental component (MC) ones (70.2 vs. 55.9). Students aged 30 years or less had higher scores in all the PC domains than older students (70.9 vs. 59.3; p<0.010) but comparable scores in the MC domains (55.6 vs. 59.8; p>0.050). Single students had a significantly higher role-emotional score (63.5 vs. 49.0; p<0.050), and those studying in public universities had greater general health scores (57.7 vs. 53.7; p<0.050). Younger age significantly increased most of the health-related PC scores, and having chronic diseases decreased all the QoL scores except the mental health score. Conclusion: The QoL of medical students was negatively affected during the pandemic, particularly their mental health. Informed educational and health decisions are required to minimize this impact on their academic performance.
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https://openalex.org/W4309530285
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Characterising performance information use in the primary healthcare systems of El Salvador, Lebanon and Malawi: multiple qualitative case study protocol
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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] |
[
"Lebanon"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4309530285
|
Governments in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and official development assistance agencies use a variety of performance measurement and management approaches to improve the performance of healthcare systems. The effectiveness of such approaches is contingent on the extent to which managers and care providers use performance information. To date, major knowledge gaps exist about the contextual factors that contribute, or not, to performance information use by primary healthcare (PHC) decision-makers in LMICs. This study will address three research questions: (1) How do decision-makers use performance information, and for what purposes? (2) What are the contextual factors that influence the use or non-use of performance information? and (3) What are the proximal outcomes reported by PHC decision-makers from performance information use?We present the protocol of a theory-driven, qualitative study with a multiple case study design to be conducted in El Salvador, Lebanon and Malawi.Data sources include semi structured in-depth interviews and document review. Interviews will be conducted with approximately 60 respondents including PHC system decision-makers and providers. We follow an interdisciplinary theoretical framework that draws on health policy and systems research, public administration, organisational science and health service research. Data will be analysed using thematic analysis to explore how respondents use performance information or not, and for what purposes as well as barriers and facilitators of use.The ethical boards of the participating universities approved the protocol presented here. Study results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and global health conferences.
|
[
{
"display_name": "BMJ Open",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S79054089",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3147203133
|
Human rabies in Lebanon: lessons for control
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Arezki Izri",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054100624"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Abu Zar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088529565"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Naveed Alam",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067795972"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Rabies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776849203"
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{
"display_name": "Rabies virus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777961786"
},
{
"display_name": "Lyssavirus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779811178"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Rhabdoviridae",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777974785"
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{
"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
},
{
"display_name": "Virology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159047783"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Incidence (geometry)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61511704"
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{
"display_name": "Transmission (telecommunications)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C761482"
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{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
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{
"display_name": "Veterinary medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C42972112"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
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{
"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
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{
"display_name": "Electrical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485"
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{
"display_name": "Optics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C120665830"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W19241588",
"https://openalex.org/W175281375",
"https://openalex.org/W1993314614",
"https://openalex.org/W2051076525",
"https://openalex.org/W2088243596",
"https://openalex.org/W2089956376",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3147203133
|
SUMMARY Human rabies is known to be endemic in countries bordering Lebanon, but its prevalence inLebanon has not been studied before. All eight cases of human rabies reported to the LebaneseMinistry of Public Health between 1991 and 1999 were reviewed, as well as three other casesadmitted to the American University of Beirut Medical Center. A total of 1102 cases of animalbites to humans, the majority of which were dog bites, were reported to the Ministry of PublicHealth between 1991 and 1996. In this period, 2487 doses of rabies vaccine were administeredto the above group, as post-exposure prophylaxis. Veterinarians, a high risk and educatedgroup, were interviewed, and only 7 out of 72 were found to have been vaccinated. Majorimprovements in surveillance and reporting, better control of animal rabies, more awarenessespecially among high risk groups, and regional cooperation, are all needed to prevent andcontrol this deadly infection. INTRODUCTION Rabies, one of the most feared and oldest infectionson record, continues to be an invariably fatal disease[1]. The estimated global incidence is around35000–50000 cases per year [2]. The infectious agent,rabies virus, belongs to the Lyssavirus genus of theRhabdoviridae family. It is a bullet-shaped, singlestranded, negative-sense, non-segmented RNA virus,consisting of a nucleocapsid containing the nucleicacid, and covered by an outer lipid-containingenvelope. It is found in both domestic and wildanimals, and is transmitted to humans through closecontact with animal saliva [3]. Human-to-humantransmission has been reported to occur throughcorneal grafts [4, 5].Theincubationperiodcanbeasshortas4 daysandupto19 years,butitisusuallybetween20and90 days[6]. After gaining entrance through the skin, the virus
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4389608889
|
Implementing a Non-Specialist Delivered Psychological Intervention for Young Adolescents in a Protracted Refugee Setting: a Qualitative Process Evaluation in Lebanon
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Rayane Ali",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060913633"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Felicity L. Brown",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054482619"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kerrie Stevenson",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010209457"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mark J. D. Jordans",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083847436"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Karine Taha",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066462030"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohamed Amine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028692713"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Frederik Steen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021355741"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Bassel Meksassi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5048047068"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Joseph Elias",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013748657"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "May Aoun",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005590209"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Bayard Roberts",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012572576"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Marit Sijbrandij",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002846176"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Pim Cuijpers",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066785680"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Aemal Akhtar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5057979968"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Aiysha Malik",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074770223"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Aniek Woodward",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052987323"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Daniela C. Fuhr",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035161246"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Mental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134362201"
},
{
"display_name": "Thematic analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74196892"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Qualitative research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442"
},
{
"display_name": "Randomized controlled trial",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C168563851"
},
{
"display_name": "Intervention (counseling)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780665704"
},
{
"display_name": "Outreach",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781400479"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Focus group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56995899"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Implementation research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C72497813"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Health psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C155164915"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Social science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849"
},
{
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
},
{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon",
"Syria"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1966518345",
"https://openalex.org/W1979290264",
"https://openalex.org/W2016410988",
"https://openalex.org/W2135525719",
"https://openalex.org/W2157754201",
"https://openalex.org/W2162500108",
"https://openalex.org/W2167399205",
"https://openalex.org/W2290648252",
"https://openalex.org/W2395333007",
"https://openalex.org/W2480527772",
"https://openalex.org/W2521400234",
"https://openalex.org/W2767301328",
"https://openalex.org/W2790778594",
"https://openalex.org/W2897623369",
"https://openalex.org/W2907646987",
"https://openalex.org/W2950709739",
"https://openalex.org/W2964590887",
"https://openalex.org/W2994837810",
"https://openalex.org/W3000683427",
"https://openalex.org/W3014028736",
"https://openalex.org/W3080747892",
"https://openalex.org/W3118913087",
"https://openalex.org/W3140005073",
"https://openalex.org/W3194472989",
"https://openalex.org/W4220940049",
"https://openalex.org/W4225116059",
"https://openalex.org/W4225137594",
"https://openalex.org/W4309336204",
"https://openalex.org/W4315641307",
"https://openalex.org/W4386797749"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4389608889
|
Abstract There has been an increase in the evaluation and implementation of non-specialist delivered psychological interventions to address unmet mental health needs in humanitarian emergencies. While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide important evidence about intervention impact, complementary qualitative process evaluations are essential to understand key implementation processes and inform future scaling up of the intervention. This study was conducted as part of an RCT of the Early Adolescents Skills for Emotions (EASE) psychological intervention for young adolescents with elevated psychological distress (predominantly with a Syrian refugee background) in Lebanon. Our aims were firstly to conduct a qualitative process evaluation to understand stakeholder experiences and perceived impact of the intervention and identify barriers and facilitators for implementation, and secondly to explore considerations for scaling up. Eleven key informant interviews and seven focus groups were conducted with 39 respondents including adolescent and caregiver participants, trainers, providers, outreach workers, and local stakeholders. Data were analyzed using inductive and deductive thematic analysis. Respondents perceived the intervention to be highly needed and reported improvements in adolescent mental health and wellbeing. Key implementation factors that have potential to influence engagement, adherence, and perceived impact included the socio-economic situation of families, mental health stigma, coordination within and between sectors (particularly for scaling up), embedding the intervention within existing service pathways, having clear quality and accountability processes including training and supervision for non-specialists, and sustainable funding. Our findings provide important context for understanding effectiveness outcomes of the RCT and highlights factors that need to be considered when implementing a mental health intervention on a larger scale in a complex crisis.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S176738267",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2120276646
|
Hematology/Oncology Emergencies
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Carilion Clinic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I5716644",
"lat": 37.257256,
"long": -79.93903,
"type": "healthcare"
},
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Virginia Tech",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I859038795",
"lat": 37.22957,
"long": -80.41394,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "John C. Perkins",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016360779"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "MedStar Washington Hospital Center",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1285739803",
"lat": 38.93,
"long": -77.015,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Jonathan E. Davis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5028175428"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Tranquilizer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776778828"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical prescription",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2426938"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Intervention (counseling)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780665704"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Pharmacology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98274493"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2120276646
|
In youth, both waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) and nonmedical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) are globally growing concerns. This study assesses for the first time the lifetime and past-year associations between WTS and four classes of psychoactive prescription drugs.Cross-sectional data (2011) on 986 high school students attending public and private high schools in Beirut (Lebanon) was analyzed. Schools were selected using proportionate random cluster sampling from a comprehensive list of schools provided by the Ministry of Education.Almost half (46%) had tried WTS compared to 25% who had ever tried cigarettes. Lifetime prevalence estimates of NMUPD were: pain relievers (8.2%), sedatives/tranquilizers (5.6%), stimulants (3.5%), antidepressants (2.5%), and sleeping pills (2.3%). WTS was associated with increased odds of sedatives/tranquilizer use (OR = 3.22, 95% CI: 1.25, 8.25), pain reliever use (OR = 4.31, 95% CI: 2.02, 9.17), and sleeping medication use (OR = 8.31, 95% CI: 2.37, 29.20), controlling for sex, age, school type, and other substance use. For cigarettes, the associations were consistently either weaker or non-existent, except with stimulant use (OR = 5.29, 95% CI: 1.55, 18.05).While public health professionals have watched with caution the global prevalence of youth cigarette use–worldwide, an insidious alternative form of tobacco use has grown. Further research is needed to understand the unique risk factors and motives associated with WTS and how these relate to NMUPD in order to inform the development of effective intervention programs and policies that support youth positive health decisions.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S157616481",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2910404103
|
Public health nutrition intervention to enhance healthy eating and lifestyle modification among Lebanese women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Caroline Hamadi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067374586"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Overweight",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586474"
},
{
"display_name": "Polycystic ovary",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018442814"
},
{
"display_name": "Anovulation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780853582"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011"
},
{
"display_name": "Weight management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C34320749"
},
{
"display_name": "Gynecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29456083"
},
{
"display_name": "Reproductive medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776210078"
},
{
"display_name": "Physical therapy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1862650"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Obstetrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C131872663"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Pregnancy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779234561"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Insulin resistance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777391703"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Genetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54355233"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2910404103
|
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy disorder in reproductive age women. The symptoms of this disorder are the androgen excess seen with anovulation/oligoovulation or morphologically ovarian cysts. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of public health nutrition intervention designed to enhance healthy eating and lifestyle modification among PCOS patients attended the obstetrics and gynecology clinic at the American University of Beirut Medical Centre (AUB-MC) in Beirut, Lebanon.
A prospective hospital based public health nutrition intervention was proposed in which 76 women with PCOS were recruited in the pilot study and 588 women were recruited in the scale-up intervention divided between PCOS and non-PCOS. During the scale up phase non-PCOS women were recruited to study the effect of the nutritional counseling on them as a way to compare the outcome with PCOS women. Recruited population were divided into 8 groups; group A: overweight/obese PCOS patient’s intervention (received weight management program with nutritional guidelines). Group B: overweight/ obese PCOS controls (received the usual heath care by the gynecologist), Group C: lean PCOS controls (received the usual heath care by the gynecologist), Group D: lean PCOS intervention (received weight maintenance program with nutritional guidelines ), Group E: overweight/obese non-PCOS patient’s intervention (received weight management program with nutritional guidelines) ,Group F: overweight/ obese non-PCOS controls, Group G: lean non- PCOS intervention (received weight maintenance program with nutritional guidelines), Group H: lean non-PCOS controls.
Data were collected using a pre-validated questionnaire to capture sociodemographic variables, nutritional status, and physical activity, psychological and medical status. Blood analysis was carried out to determine biochemical indices. Assessment of study indicators were carried out at baseline, after 3 and 6 months from inception of intervention (pilot as well scale up). Patients in intervention groups attended a 6 month tailored nutrition counseling/education program (2 sessions per month), to enhance their understanding of their dietary intake and assist them with weight management, physical activity, healthy cooking, lifestyle, and food shopping.
Following a six months pilot study intervention results have shown that 7% weight loss was achieved in overweight/ obese intervention groups and weight maintenance in lean intervention groups( Group A,B,C and D). There was a significant reduction in waist (-4.2 cm (±5.6)) and hip circumference (-3.1cm (±3.5)) with P < 0.001. There was no significant biochemical markers change (fasting blood sugar, CRP, LDL-C,HDL-C,TG,total cholesterol, fasting insulin, total testosterone,Vit D), however there was an increase in physical activity (3.1 hours/week (±1.5)) , and decrease in anxiety and depression score ( BDI-II and BAD-7); -0.8 (±0.8) and -0.7 (±0.7) with P<0,001 compared to interventions.
Following six months scale up intervention, the results have shown a weight reduction among overweight/obese PCOS women (group A) who lost, on average, 8.2 kg (P=0.001). Whilst non-PCOS women lost, on average 11.6 kg (P<0.001)(Group E). Controls gained weight ( Group B, D F and H).
The biochemical, psychological and reproductive profile showed significant improvements among PCOS women (P<0.001). Pregnancy rate increased to 70% among women trying to conceive.
The results of this study have shown this intervention to be effective in Lebanese women with PCOS, decreasing their initial body weight by 5%- 10% and improving
their reproductive, metabolic and endocrine profiles. This suggests the need for a nutritional intervention (nutritional guidelines) for women diagnosed with PCOS patients as a first line treatment. The study results support the effectiveness of lifestyle modification diet for PCOS women.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4390052975
|
A comparative study of tobacco control scale score in the Eastern Mediterranean Region countries
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Elnaz Saeedi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073425945"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sepideh Abdi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074412697"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Amir Reza Dardashti",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5093550302"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Pedram Fattahi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052768934"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Negar Taheri",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029272131"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Fereshte Lotfi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000798089"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kazem Zendehdel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081108110"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mojtaba Vand Rajabpour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049074342"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Tobacco control",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780832096"
},
{
"display_name": "Per capita",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127598652"
},
{
"display_name": "Gross domestic product",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114350782"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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] |
[
"Lebanon",
"Islamic Republic of Iran",
"Bahrain",
"Yemen",
"Tunisia",
"Syrian Arab Republic",
"Syria",
"Djibouti",
"Iran",
"Oman"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4390052975
|
Background: The tobacco control scale (TCS) score is used widely in European countries to evaluate the adoption of antitobacco policies by countries, however, data on the adoption of tobacco control programmes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) are limited to a 2009 survey. Aim: To compare the TCS score for measuring national tobacco control programmes in the EMR countries in 2009 and 2021. Methods: This cross-sectional survey compared data from 21 EMR countries on 6 major indicators, including the price of cigarettes, tobacco smoke-free public places, national budget for tobacco control activities, ban on tobacco advertising, health warning labels on tobacco packets, and support for treatment of tobacco dependence. The TCS scores at the country level in 2009 were extracted from a previous study. We then calculated the TCS score in 2021 for the same countries using the WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2021 and the World Bank data for 2020. Results: The average TCS score (standard deviation) for EMR countries increased from 29.7 (16.8) in 2009 to 40.7 (17.3) in 2021. The highest TCS score (83.0) was reported in Islamic Republic of Iran, followed by Yemen (72.8) and Lebanon (62.0). Five countries (Djibouti, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, Bahrain, and Oman) scored less than 30. Health warning labels, smoke-free public places, and tobacco control budgets as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product per capita had all increased, but tobacco prices and cessation treatments did not improve over the past decade. Conclusion: Tobacco control policies have been implemented and improved in most EMR countries, but there is room for further improvement. Tobacco pricing and taxation, national tobacco control program budgets, and cessation treatments require more attention.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S175879142",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4386801263
|
Machine learning techniques for the identification of risk factors associated with food insecurity among adults in Arab countries during the COVID-19 pandemic
|
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"display_name": "Khlood Bookari",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061499994"
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"display_name": "Haleama Al Sabbah",
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"display_name": "Somaia Dashti",
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"display_name": "Sabika Allehdan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058939784"
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"display_name": "Charlotte De Backer",
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"display_name": "Paulien Decorte",
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"display_name": "Gaëlle Ouvrein",
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"display_name": "Karolien Poels",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5011662571"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061532922"
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"display_name": "Katrien Maldoy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5015877073"
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"display_name": "Sara Pabian",
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"display_name": "Christophe Matthys",
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"display_name": "Tim Smits",
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"display_name": "Mariam Al‐Mannai",
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"display_name": "Tariq A. Alalwan",
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"display_name": "Nour Yazbeck",
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"display_name": "Hazem Agha",
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"display_name": "Rania Abu Seir",
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"display_name": "Jamila Arrish",
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"display_name": "Ghadir A Fallata",
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"display_name": "Omar Alhumaidan",
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"display_name": "Norah A AlBuayjan",
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"display_name": "Sarah Alkhunein",
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"display_name": "Budur Binobaydan",
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"display_name": "Stephanny Vicuna Polo",
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"display_name": "Diala Abu Al-Halawa",
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"display_name": "Food insecurity",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
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"display_name": "Food security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C549605437"
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"display_name": "Famine",
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"Lebanon",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain",
"Jordan",
"Oman"
] |
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4386801263
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A direct consequence of global warming, and strongly correlated with poor physical and mental health, food insecurity is a rising global concern associated with low dietary intake. The Coronavirus pandemic has further aggravated food insecurity among vulnerable communities, and thus has sparked the global conversation of equal food access, food distribution, and improvement of food support programs. This research was designed to identify the key features associated with food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic using Machine learning techniques. Seven machine learning algorithms were used in the model, which used a dataset of 32 features. The model was designed to predict food insecurity across ten Arab countries in the Gulf and Mediterranean regions. A total of 13,443 participants were extracted from the international Corona Cooking Survey conducted by 38 different countries during the COVID -19 pandemic.The findings indicate that Jordanian, Palestinian, Lebanese, and Saudi Arabian respondents reported the highest rates of food insecurity in the region (15.4%, 13.7%, 13.7% and 11.3% respectively). On the other hand, Oman and Bahrain reported the lowest rates (5.4% and 5.5% respectively). Our model obtained accuracy levels of 70%-82% in all algorithms. Gradient Boosting and Random Forest techniques had the highest performance levels in predicting food insecurity (82% and 80% respectively). Place of residence, age, financial instability, difficulties in accessing food, and depression were found to be the most relevant features associated with food insecurity.The ML algorithms seem to be an effective method in early detection and prediction of food insecurity and can profoundly aid policymaking. The integration of ML approaches in public health strategies could potentially improve the development of targeted and effective interventions to combat food insecurity in these regions and globally.
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https://openalex.org/W4293678195
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The Lebanese Regie state-owned tobacco monopoly: lessons to inform monopoly-focused endgame strategies
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"https://openalex.org/W2286643241",
"https://openalex.org/W2343256106",
"https://openalex.org/W2405208166",
"https://openalex.org/W2532439053",
"https://openalex.org/W2533253483",
"https://openalex.org/W2606505368",
"https://openalex.org/W2719928630",
"https://openalex.org/W2754714386",
"https://openalex.org/W2795633376",
"https://openalex.org/W2814739027",
"https://openalex.org/W2888623333",
"https://openalex.org/W2938965892",
"https://openalex.org/W2950533364",
"https://openalex.org/W2961400265",
"https://openalex.org/W2972128407",
"https://openalex.org/W3093223973",
"https://openalex.org/W3106594744",
"https://openalex.org/W3200053307"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4293678195
|
Abstract Background Many countries have started pursuing tobacco ‘endgame’ goals of creating a ‘tobacco-free’ country by a certain date. Researchers have presented models to attain this goal, including shifting the supply of tobacco to a monopoly-oriented endgame model (MOEM), wherein a state-owned entity controls the supply and distribution of tobacco products. Although not designed to end tobacco use, the Regie in Lebanon exhibits some of the key features identified in MOEM and hence can serve as a practical example from which to draw lessons. Methods We comprehensively review previous literature exploring tobacco endgame proposals featuring a MOEM. We distil these propositions into core themes shared between them to guide a deductive analysis of the operations and actions of the Regie to investigate how it aligns (or does not) with the features of the MOEM. Results Analysing the endgame proposals featuring MOEM, we generated two main themes: the governance of the organisation; and its operational remit. In line with these themes, the investigation of the Regie led to several reflections on the endgame literature itself, including that it: (i) does not seem to fully appreciate the extent to which the MOEM could end up acting like Transnational Tobacco Companies (TTC); (ii) has only vaguely addressed the implications of political context; and (iii) does not address tobacco growing despite it being an important element of the supply chain. Conclusion The implementation of tobacco endgame strategies of any type is now closer than ever. Using the Regie as a practical example allows us to effectively revisit both the potential and the pitfalls of endgame strategies aiming to introduce some form of monopoly and requires a focus on: (i) establishing appropriate governance structures for the organisation; and (ii) adjusting the financial incentives to supress any motivation for the organisation to expand its tobacco market.
|
[
{
"display_name": "BMC Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S200437886",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4384561892
|
Unveiling the unknown: first comprehensive assessment of the knowledge, attitudes and practices of hospital cleaning services staff regarding COVID-19 in Lebanon during the pandemic
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "Ministry of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210097567",
"lat": 33.86422,
"long": 35.493645,
"type": "government"
},
{
"country": "France",
"display_name": "Bordeaux Population Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210106115",
"lat": 44.84044,
"long": -0.5805,
"type": "facility"
}
],
"display_name": "Dalal Youssef",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051867739"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "Lebanese University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I160368002",
"lat": 33.827816,
"long": 35.52219,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Linda Abou-Abass",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040047423"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "Ministry of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210097567",
"lat": 33.86422,
"long": 35.493645,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Hamad Hassan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084508713"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Snowball sampling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C106399304"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Personal protective equipment",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780668467"
},
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Logistic regression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151956035"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Descriptive statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39896193"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1944949610",
"https://openalex.org/W1982228646",
"https://openalex.org/W2007323655",
"https://openalex.org/W2016263967",
"https://openalex.org/W2042229900",
"https://openalex.org/W2137440792",
"https://openalex.org/W2156702515",
"https://openalex.org/W2209209971",
"https://openalex.org/W2519685478",
"https://openalex.org/W2802157031",
"https://openalex.org/W2808210217",
"https://openalex.org/W2895784803",
"https://openalex.org/W2996439590",
"https://openalex.org/W3011802905",
"https://openalex.org/W3017216935",
"https://openalex.org/W3023855487",
"https://openalex.org/W3032902149",
"https://openalex.org/W3033808757",
"https://openalex.org/W3046790002",
"https://openalex.org/W3085015333",
"https://openalex.org/W3088994907",
"https://openalex.org/W3091792540",
"https://openalex.org/W3095224534",
"https://openalex.org/W3107302234",
"https://openalex.org/W3108961396",
"https://openalex.org/W3126595330"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4384561892
|
Abstract Background Hospital cleaners are the unsung heroes in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of hospital cleaners towards COVID-19 and determine factors associated with good practices. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Lebanon between the 1st and 14th November 2020. Using a snowball sampling technique, data were collected through an online survey that was sent to governmental and private hospitals. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic characteristics and KAP of hospital cleaners towards COVID-19. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed. Results A total of 453 cleaners completed the survey, of whom 54.3% were females. Most participants had a good level of COVID-19 knowledge (98%) and good preventive practices (89.7%). Regarding attitude, 90.7% had a positive attitude toward health facilities, 78.8% toward cleaning and disinfection, and 73.5% toward health authorities. Sociodemographic characteristics, including younger age, higher levels of education, working in private hospitals, and having more than 3 years of experience, were positively associated with good preventive practices. Our results also showed that participants who had good knowledge about COVID-19, COVID-19 prevention and treatment, cleaning and disinfection processes, and COVID-19 risk factors had a higher likelihood of positive preventive practices. Finally, a positive attitude toward health facilities, health authorities, and cleaning and disinfection was positively associated with good practices. Conclusion The surveyed cleaners have a high level of knowledge and expressed positive attitudes toward health facilities and health authorities, as well as good preventive practices. Understanding the determinants of cleaning performance is critical in tailoring interventions to improve hospital cleaning.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Archives of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764539601",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4220787500
|
Dispensing and Purchasing Antibiotics without Prescription: A Cross-sectional Study Among Pharmacists and Clients
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Rasha T. Kakati",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066168495"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Sanaa Nakad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020413472"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Rana Zareef",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066172158"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Johnny Atallah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054666066"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Souha Farhat",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037818062"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Nahla Daye",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5090228785"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Sandra Sadek",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010109643"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "Leeds Trinity University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I339756655",
"lat": 53.848362,
"long": -1.647134,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Marco Bardus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052712108"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medical prescription",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2426938"
},
{
"display_name": "Purchasing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778813691"
},
{
"display_name": "Pharmacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C104863432"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Stratified sampling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C49898467"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Pharmacist",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779457091"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4220787500
|
Abstract Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a public health issue with resistance rates increasing worldwide. Major contributing causes of AMR are the behaviors of dispensing and purchasing antibiotics without a prescription (DAWP and PAWP), respectively among pharmacists and clients, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to investigate behavioral patterns related to DAWP and PAWP among pharmacists and citizens of Beirut, Lebanon. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using questionnaires targeting a stratified random sample of pharmacy managers and a random sample of clients, recruited from public spaces in the Municipal Beirut area. Questionnaires assessed behavioral patterns, reasons for, and attitudes towards DAWP and PAWP. We compared the perceptions and self-reported behaviors related to DAWP and PAWP among the two samples. Results: We recruited 70 pharmacists and 178 citizens. While most pharmacists recognized that AMR is a public health problem and that DAWP is a major contributing factor, about a third (37%) declared supporting DAWP; citizens confirmed this response, as 30% declared they do not usually obtain a prescription before purchasing antibiotics. However, when recalling their last purchase of antibiotics, 43% of clients did not get a prescription. The reasons for this behavior are mostly financial and convenience, coupled with low law enforcement. Discussion: DAWP and PAWP seem to be common practices among a relatively high proportion of pharmacists and citizens of Beirut. Despite being illegal, this practice seems to take ground in a politically and economically weak country and in a semi-privatized healthcare system. National efforts including anti-AMR educational campaigns and law enforcement need to be implemented problem this problem can grow out of proportion and reduce the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns, especially considering the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Research Square (Research Square)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1995430902
|
Behavioral Modeling to Guide Patient's Adherence to Fluid Control
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Sana Ghaddar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5091515268"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Wael Shamseddine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085088991"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "American University of Beirut",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98635879",
"lat": 33.901093,
"long": 35.48153,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Hafez Elzein",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066908097"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Transtheoretical model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777048351"
},
{
"display_name": "Multivariate analysis of variance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C192424360"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Self-efficacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110131835"
},
{
"display_name": "Health belief model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1602351"
},
{
"display_name": "Univariate analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144301174"
},
{
"display_name": "Post-hoc analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C67761136"
},
{
"display_name": "Analysis of variance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99476002"
},
{
"display_name": "Clinical psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C70410870"
},
{
"display_name": "Multivariate analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38180746"
},
{
"display_name": "Affect (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776035688"
},
{
"display_name": "Behavior change",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C14262774"
},
{
"display_name": "Physical therapy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1862650"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Health promotion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185618831"
},
{
"display_name": "Social psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C77805123"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Communication",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C46312422"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1995430902
|
We used the Health Behavioral Model (HBM) and the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) to assess patients' readiness to comply with recommended fluid and sodium intake.This was a cross sectional study that examined 172 eligible hemodialysis (HD) patients dialyzing at 3 HD units in Lebanon. The TTM questionnaire was used to place patients into stages based on their compliance with fluid restriction instructions and the levels of intradialytic water gain (IDWG) they exhibited in the last 4 weeks. The HBM questionnaire was used to assess patients' perceptions of the barriers, benefits, seriousness, susceptibility, and self efficacy in readiness to change their behavior. Univariate analyses were conducted to summarize the demographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics of study participants. Multivariate statistics (ANOVA, MANOVA, and post hoc LSD analysis) were used to examine the interface between constructs of HBM with TTM stages of change.The study sample included 93 (53.8%) males, average age was 57.8 ± 14.0 (range: 23-86) and average dialysis years were 4.6 ± 4.9 (range: 0-32). The distribution of participants across the TTM stages was: 18.5% in the precontemplation, 40% in the contemplation, 38.1% in the preparation, and 3.4% in the action/maintenance stage. The HBM constructs were overall significantly associated with the TTM stages as demonstrated by MANOVA (p < .01). Significant differences across TTM stages were found on the perception of benefits (p = .04) and self-efficacy (p < .01). Patients in the precontemplation stage had significantly lower scores on perception of benefits compared to those in action/maintenance stage (p = .01), and on the perception of self-efficacy compared to those in the contemplation, preparation, and action/maintenance stages (p < .01).Educational programs for patients should focus on increasing patient's perception of the benefits (reduced complications and need for medication) and barriers (difficulty of adherence to recommended diet or economic barriers to obtain or prepare food items) to induce patient's behavioural movement into the higher TTM stages. We used the Health Behavioral Model (HBM) and the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) to assess patients' readiness to comply with recommended fluid and sodium intake. This was a cross sectional study that examined 172 eligible hemodialysis (HD) patients dialyzing at 3 HD units in Lebanon. The TTM questionnaire was used to place patients into stages based on their compliance with fluid restriction instructions and the levels of intradialytic water gain (IDWG) they exhibited in the last 4 weeks. The HBM questionnaire was used to assess patients' perceptions of the barriers, benefits, seriousness, susceptibility, and self efficacy in readiness to change their behavior. Univariate analyses were conducted to summarize the demographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics of study participants. Multivariate statistics (ANOVA, MANOVA, and post hoc LSD analysis) were used to examine the interface between constructs of HBM with TTM stages of change. The study sample included 93 (53.8%) males, average age was 57.8 ± 14.0 (range: 23-86) and average dialysis years were 4.6 ± 4.9 (range: 0-32). The distribution of participants across the TTM stages was: 18.5% in the precontemplation, 40% in the contemplation, 38.1% in the preparation, and 3.4% in the action/maintenance stage. The HBM constructs were overall significantly associated with the TTM stages as demonstrated by MANOVA (p < .01). Significant differences across TTM stages were found on the perception of benefits (p = .04) and self-efficacy (p < .01). Patients in the precontemplation stage had significantly lower scores on perception of benefits compared to those in action/maintenance stage (p = .01), and on the perception of self-efficacy compared to those in the contemplation, preparation, and action/maintenance stages (p < .01). Educational programs for patients should focus on increasing patient's perception of the benefits (reduced complications and need for medication) and barriers (difficulty of adherence to recommended diet or economic barriers to obtain or prepare food items) to induce patient's behavioural movement into the higher TTM stages.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Renal Nutrition",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S112180171",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4307383782
|
2.H. Workshop: Commercial determinants and global capture of public health- cases spanning the world
|
[] |
[
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Stakeholder",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C201305675"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Corporate governance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39389867"
},
{
"display_name": "Globe",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2775899829"
},
{
"display_name": "Global health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C46578552"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Finance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C10138342"
},
{
"display_name": "Neuroscience",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C169760540"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4307383782
|
Abstract Growing research around the globe shows that for-profit corporations incur increasingly adverse impacts on health and well-being of people, the planet and the global economy. Their health damaging products and practices fuel non-communicable disease epidemics, damage the earth's natural environment and interfere in health policy making. Such corporate interference in social and public health policy, research and practice is well documented for the pharmaceutical, tobacco, food and beverage, alcohol and arms industries. A commercial determinant lens allows a better understanding of heath inequalities by drawing attention to corporate actors and their tactics as drivers of ill-health rather than people's behaviors. This framework also makes it possible to present interventions to counter these influences. This workshop panel of 5 scholars and activists from around the world who are members of the Governance, Ethics and Conflict of Interest in Public Health Network serves to confirm the detrimental reach of industry practices and the global responses to this interference in public health. It aims to add to the emerging body of knowledge on commercial determinants of health using innovative research approaches and findings. The format is a series of 5 short sequential presentations, followed by an interactive discussion with the audience, moderated by the panel organizer. The presentations will showcase the research methods used including multi-stakeholder interviews, policy analyses, systems mapping and analyses of policy debates. The presentations will also document examples and cases of corporate capture of food industry in Europe, a global mapping of corporate systems, industry interference in health-protecting laws in Columbia, exploitation of humanitarian emergencies in Lebanon, and suggestions of ways forward to protect adults and children from industry vested interests with a Public Health Playbook. Key messages • Corporate interference in public health is a growing concern globally for its health harming influence on health systems and future generations. • Continued concerted research revealing overt and covert health harming industry practices is needed to counter their impact on PH in a world fraught with global challenges and uncertainty.
|
[
{
"display_name": "European journal of public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210220588",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2611692176
|
Strategies for health promotion in individuals experiencing depression
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kunsook S. Bernstein",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032532413"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Major depressive disorder",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780051608"
},
{
"display_name": "Depression (economics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776867660"
},
{
"display_name": "Burden of disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020448403"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Mental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134362201"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease burden",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780664029"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
},
{
"display_name": "Major depressive episode",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781210005"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Mood",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780733359"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Macroeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C139719470"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon",
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2611692176
|
Introduction
Depressive disorders were reported to be the second leading cause of disability and the eleventh
leading cause of global burden (or disability-adjusted life years [DALYs]) in 2010, and major
depressive disorder (MDD) accounted for 8.2(5.9-1 percent 0.8 percent) of global years lived
with disability (YLDs) (Ferrari et al., 2013). Although direct information on the prevalence of
depression does not exist for most countries, particularly low-to middle-income countries, major
depressive disorder (MDD) currently affects an estimated 350 million people worldwide (WHO,
2012). Furthermore, depression at its most severe case can lead to suicide and has been
responsible for 850,000 deaths every year (BioMed Central, 2011). MDD is also reported to
be a contributor of burden allocated to 16 million suicides related to DALYs and to almost 4
million ischemic heart disease related to DALYs. These findings emphasize the importance of
including depressive disorders as a public-health priority and implementing cost-effective
interventions to reduce its burden (Ferrari et al., 2013). In conjunction with the WHO’s report,
World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative, researchers in 18 different countries conducted
the study of cross-national epidemiology of major depressive episode (MDE) and collected data
from over 89,000 people (Bromet et al., 2011). The results of the study showed that the average
lifetime and 12-month prevalence estimates of MDE were; 14.6 percent and 5.5 percent in the
10 high-income countries (Belgium, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New
Zealand, Spain, and United States) and 11.1 percent and 5.9 percent in the eight low-to middleincome countries (Brazil, Colombia, India, Lebanon, Mexico, South Africa, Ukraine, and China).
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2010) also reports that depression is
a major mental health problem across all ethnic groups in the United States. This chapter will
cover global mental health issues and strategies for mental health promotion in individuals
experiencing depression.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2223011463
|
The effectiveness of “pictorial warnings on cigarette packs on the initiation of smoking and quitting intentions” among school children
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Rima Nakkash",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025685233"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "DrPH Rima Afifi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010807112"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hala Alaouié",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5046553025"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Tobacco control",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780832096"
},
{
"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
},
{
"display_name": "Intervention (counseling)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780665704"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Sample (material)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198531522"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C509550671"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Chromatography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43617362"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W2149553970",
"https://openalex.org/W2922502720"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2223011463
|
Introduction
Tobacco use is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The Framework Convention for Tobacco Control, the first World health treaty, has set out guidelines for policy change to promote tobacco control. One such intervention is the implementation of large pictorial health warnings on tobacco products. Evidence suggests that pictorial warnings are more effective than text warnings. The effectiveness of such warnings is associated with their size, their location, the graphic nature of the pictures, and the specificity of the message. Cultural and contextual factors within a country also influence the effectiveness of a particular warning. An evaluation of a range of possible pictorial warnings prior to the implementation of a law requiring such warnings will inform choice of warning and enhance impact of the law. To date there has been no evaluation studies of pictorial warning among youth in the EMR.
Method:
A random sample of 30 public and private schools across Lebanon were selected using a stratified random sample from a list of all schools obtained from the Ministry of Education. Eighty-three students aged 13-17 years were selected in each school and parental consent and child assent requested.
Materials:
A total of three mock packs, one that has the current text warning used by the Ministry of Public Health and a combination of 2 different pictorial warnings were shown to youth. The youth were asked to complete a survey about their reaction to each of the mock packs. The survey included questions on demographics, smoking behavior, knowledge of the impact of smoking on health, and their response to the pictorial warning. The response includes their overall perception of effectiveness, their attitudes towards the warning in terms of perceived susceptibility and severity, and the warning’s influence on intentions and self efficacy not to smoke or to quit.
Results:
Results of the analysis will be presented including overall perceptions of most effective pictorial warnings as well as differences between genders, ages, and smoking status.
Discussion:
The following study aimed at assessing the impact of pictorial warnings on cigarettes packs on youth attitudes and intentions to smoke. Results will inform policy makers in selecting warnings that are most effective to achieve tobacco control objectives. Recommendations for policy makers and for future research will be suggested.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The First International & 4th National Congress on health Education & Promotion, 2011",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306532182",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4285742759
|
Meta Analysis: Application of Health Belief Model Theory on COVID-19 Acceptance in General Population
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Indonesia",
"display_name": "Sebelas Maret University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I119896790",
"lat": -7.561408,
"long": 110.85578,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Resta Dwi Yuliani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008905968"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hanung Prasetya",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049289758"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Bhisma Murti",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007390887"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Health belief model",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1602351"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
},
{
"display_name": "Vaccination",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C22070199"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Odds",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143095724"
},
{
"display_name": "Odds ratio",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C156957248"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Meta-analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95190672"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Health education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113807197"
},
{
"display_name": "Virology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159047783"
},
{
"display_name": "Logistic regression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151956035"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon",
"Saudi Arabia"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4285742759
|
Background: The COVID-19 vaccine is an effective strategy to prevent viral infection during global pandemic. Health belief model has been recommended to explain the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination behavior in the community. This study aimed to estimate the perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 and the perceived benefit in receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. Subjects and Method : This study used a systematic review study design and a meta-analysis using PICO, Population: Society, Intervention: Perceptions of high susceptibility to COVID-19 and high perceptions of benefits about the COVID-19 vaccine. Comparison: Low perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 and low perceived benefit of COVID-19 vaccine, Outcome: Acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine. The articles used in this study came from 4 databases, namely Pubmed, Sciencedirect, SpringerLink and Google Scholar. The keywords used in the article search were as follows “Health Belief Model” OR “HBM” AND “Acceptance” OR “Receive” AND “COVID-19 Vaccine” AND “General Population”. The articles included in this study were full paper articles, cross sectional study designs, in 2020-2022 and the size of the relationship of Adj Odds Ratio (aOR). Results: A total of 9 cross-sectional studies with 12,713 people from 3 continents, namely America (United States), Asia (Bangladesh, China, Hong Kong, Lebanon, and Saudi Arabia) and Europe (Russia) were obtained. From data processing, it was found that a high perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 increased acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination by 1.33 times compared to a low perceived susceptibility and this result was statistically significant (aOR= 1.33; 95% CI= 1.08 to 1.65; p= 0.008) . A high perceived benefit increased acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination by 3.28 times compared to a low perceived benefit and this result was statistically significant (aOR= 3.28; CI 95%= 1.87 to 5.74; p< 0.001). Conclusion: Perceived susceptibility and perceived benefit increase the likelihood of acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination in the community. Keywords: Health Belief Model, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefit, COVID-19 vaccination. Correspondence: Resta Dwi Yuliani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285731288002 Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2022), 07(03): 225-237 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2022.07.03.05
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of health promotion and behavior",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210207130",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3082648807
|
Identifying Challenges to Quality in Preconception Health Care among Women of Reproductive Age in Lipa City, Batangas
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Carmencita D. Padilla",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5015616520"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Aster D. Lynn Sur",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051440632"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Katrina D. Villarante",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056854974"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Howell D. Crisostomo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029817731"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ariel G. Lescano",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5001776388"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Patrick Jose D. Padilla",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5079072410"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Rufus Thomas Adducul",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012078674"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lita L. Orbillo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058272553"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Anthony Calibo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5024965211"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Juanita A. Basilio",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073512614"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Salimah R. Walani",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064877862"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Christopher P. Howson",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056935456"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Focus group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56995899"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Reproductive health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121752807"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Marketing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162853370"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3082648807
|
Background. Preconception care is a set of interventions that aim to identify and modify biomedical, behavioral, and social risks to a woman’s health or pregnancy outcome through prevention and management. These interventions emphasize factors that must be addressed before conception or early in pregnancy in order to have maximal impact. Preconception health care is a key intervention in improving maternal and neonatal health care. Identification of specific needs of population-at-risk remains crucial in developing quality preconception health care programs in the Philippines.Objectives. This paper: 1) described the preconception health status of women of reproductive age in selected communities in Lipa City Batangas; 2) identified the perceived preconception needs of women of reproductive age in selected communities; 3) determined the significant challenges to the provision of appropriate preconception health care; and 4) provided recommendations to address the gaps and challenges.Methods. A total of 4,357 women of reproductive age were interviewed using a preconception checklist tool previously developed by researchers from Peking University (China), American University of Beirut (Lebanon), and University of the Philippines Manila (Philippines). Eleven Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) on various aspects of preconception health care were conducted among women of reproductive age from communities and workplaces (industries/factories, government offices, schools, entertainment centers, health centers). Thematic analyses of the data from the FGDs were performed. Recommendations for overcoming identified challenges to quality services were presented.Results. There are salient gaps in preconception health care, particularly in micronutrient intake, immunization status, family planning and infectious diseases screening in both urban and rural communities. The study also showed major gaps in medical and educational services, particularly for adolescents.Conclusion. Health and social challenges in thepreconception health care delivery system for women of reproductive age in Lipa City Batangas were identified, including the prioritization of at-risk groups and development of strategies to address preconception health care gaps in both urban and rural settings. The alarming increasing rate of teenage pregnancy must be given highest priority with integration of safe and healthy pregnancy in the curriculum. The development of programs for men and women recognizes that parenthood is a partnership. To guarantee a successful program on preconception health care services, government must utilize an inter-sectoral and interdisciplinary approach with the participation of various stakeholders and sectors, both government and private. The engagement of women of reproductive age in planning provides a dynamic feedback for the relevance of the planned programs.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Acta medica Philippina",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306500404",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2996249339
|
Access to Health in Emergency Contexts: New Models of International Curriculum Development to Address Global Challenges
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "South Korea",
"display_name": "Korean Association of Middle Eastern Studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210098310",
"lat": 37.597336,
"long": 127.057846,
"type": "other"
}
],
"display_name": "Helen Avery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027525255"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Integrative Health Technologies (United States)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210150271",
"lat": 29.471691,
"long": -98.46252,
"type": "company"
}
],
"display_name": "Monne Wihlborg",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013598576"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Yemen",
"display_name": "Hadhramout University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I319841309",
"lat": 14.608032,
"long": 49.234142,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Yahya Almualm",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077143234"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammed Saleh Ali Almahfali",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000539603"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Sweden",
"display_name": "Lund University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I187531555",
"lat": 55.70584,
"long": 13.19321,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Fanny Christou",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5045051727"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Curriculum",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47177190"
},
{
"display_name": "Global health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C46578552"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Pedagogy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19417346"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon",
"Yemen",
"Syria",
"Jordan"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2996249339
|
Capacity-building in international cooperation projects is typically founded on a conceptualisation of transmission or transfer, and thus also typically contributes to the international diffusion of certain models, systems or technologies. In European policy, this approach has been part of the strategy to strengthen the position of European HE by making HE structures in other parts of the world compatible with European standards and structures (EUA, 2013; Jones et al., 2016). We can observe these processes and aims in the TEMPUS programme and in the Bologna processes (Wihlborg & Avery, 2017). Thus, in the Catania declaration of 2006 for cooperation in the Mediterranean region, it is stated that aims include to “Establish common education and training paths based on a system of transferable credits and on easily readable qualifications and exploitable as well by the labour market, by sharing criteria, evaluation methods and quality assurance schemes” (Catania Declaration, 2006).
These dynamics are also at work in the area of curriculum development. Fundamentally, there is an assumption that both knowledge and professional competence are universal, and that excellence can be judged according to shared criteria. Among other consequences, the assumption leads to the notion that universal knowledge and competence can then be applied or adapted to local conditions (Robson & Wihlborg, in press). The assumptions underlying this paradigm have been contested by several scholars (see Singh, 2011; Ndofirepi & Gwaravanda, 2018), pointing to the fact that knowledge and competence are necessarily embedded in particular historical, geographical, institutional, social and cultural contexts. A paradigm of transmission in international collaboration for curriculum development will consequently lead to a centring of practices based in high-income countries with English language HEIs, and a corresponding de-centring of HEIs in the global south. Recognising the need for alternative models (cf. Goddard & Hazelkorn, 2016), various initiatives are emerging, such as the People’s Uni (WHO Bulletin).
The study is drawn from an international collaboration project for equitable access to health, involving HEIs in Lebanon, Jordan, Yemen and Sweden. Travelling is currently restricted for Yemeni academics, due to visa requirements and cost. Networked forms of internationalisation, such as this project, can therefore provide access to some of the advantages otherwise offered by student and staff mobility. The Yemeni part of the project focuses on curriculum development for the health professions. Due to the war in Syria, Lebanon and Jordan have received large numbers of refugees, while in Yemen, many people are internally displaced. The region of Hadhramout has been relatively peaceful throughout the conflict and has therefore received people fleeing from other parts of the country where fighting has been intense. Local structures and humanitarian relief have been insufficient to address the needs of the displaced people, and available resources are likely to remain limited.
The Yemeni partner of the project, the Community Health department at Hadhramout university has a focus on approaches relevant to equitable access to health, but the overall organisation of the university and the programmes for the health professions are conventional. An additional challenge for this context is that international models for community health often presuppose the existence of relatively cohesive and stable communities, while the ongoing conflict and situation of displacement has led to a situation of conflicting interests and low trust.
Methodology, Methods, Research Instruments or Sources Used
As a first stage of the ongoing project, a survey including open questions and scales to prioritise concerns will be developed and given to various types of practitioners and health professionals working in the Hadhramout region, to gain a comprehensive picture both of working conditions and needs of the concerned communities. Descriptive statistics are used to describe the basic features of the data in a study. In addition, a qualitative approach (Mayring, 2000) is used to analyse the content of the survey and identify main concerns. Contextual information and descriptions of practices will be summarised in narrative form (cf. Hansen, 2006), and survey excerpts used to illustrate typical situations and practices. The aim of this step is to have a sufficiently detailed understanding of existing challenges to discuss implications for training, in terms of competences and content, but also for how work can be organised across professions with available resources. In a second stage, results from this mapping will be used to develop the curriculum (Leask, 2015) in collaborative workshops both locally and jointly in the international network of partners for the project.
Conclusions, Expected Outcomes or Findings
Many qualified Yemenis have received their training in other countries, oriented towards quite different conditions. An additional challenge are the different types of professions that need to cooperate in this context, and the generally low level of education of the displaced. Curricular development can in this case not be limited to a particular section of the university, or to academic actors, but needs to involve various kinds of practitioners as well as the concerned populations.
Several of the characteristics of the situation observed in Hadhramout can be found also in Lebanon and Jordan (Sim et al., 2018; Al-Rousan et al., 2018). Although availability of resources and infrastructure is greater in Europe, and the number of refugees is comparatively small, Sweden like other European countries experiences similar structural tensions (cf. WHO, 2018). International collaboration on curriculum development therefore holds potential benefits for all partner HEIs.
Implications of mismatches between local needs and the orientation of the curricula of professional programmes are serious. Programmes and curricular content in HEIs from the global south will tend to be organised to suit the needs of the global north, which at country levels can encourage brain drain of qualified professionals. Similar disparities between regions exist in Europe both within and across countries. Developing more collaborative models for international cooperation between HEIs in the area of curriculum development to better match local needs is therefore an important concern, not only to address the global challenges of Agenda 2030, but for the future of Europe, to reduce disparities and promote social justice (McAllister-Grande, 2018; Rumbley & Proctor, 2018; de Wit et al., 2017; Proctor, 2016; Altbach, 2004).
References
Al-Rousan, T., Schwabkey, Z., Jirmanus, L., & Nelson, B. D. (2018). Health needs and priorities of Syrian refugees in camps and urban settings in Jordan: perspectives of refugees and health care providers. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 24(3).
Altbach, P. G. (2004). Globalization and the university: Myths and realities in an unequal world. Tertiary Education and Management, 10, 3-25.
Catania Declaration (2006). Euro-Mediterranean Area of Higher Education and Research.
de Wit, H., Gacel-Avila, J., Jones, E., & Jooste, N. (Eds.) (2017). The Globalization of Internationalization: Emerging Voices and Perspectives. NY/London: Routledge.
European University Association (2013) Internationalisation in European higher education: European policies, institutional strategies and EUA support. EUA Membership Consultation 2013. Brussels: EUA.
Goddard, J. & Hazelkorn, E. (2016). Re-asserting the Public Good Role of Higher Education in Turbulent Times. November 25.
Hansen, H. (2006). The ethnonarrative approach. Human Relations, 59(8), 1049–1075.
Jones E., Coelen R ., Beelen J. & de Wit, H. (2016) Introduction (1-4) In Jones, Coelen,
Beelen & de Wit (Eds.) Global and Local Internationalization. Global Perspectives on Higher Education, 34. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
Leask, B. (2015). Internationalizing the Curriculum. Routledge, London/NY.
McAllister-Grande, B. (2018). Toward humanistic internationalization. In Proctor & Rumbley (Eds.) The Future Agenda for Internationalization in Higher Education (pp. 123-132). NY: Routledge
Ndofirepi, A. P., & Gwaravanda, E. T. (2018). Epistemic (in) justice in African universities: a perspective of the politics of knowledge. Educational Review, 1-14.
Proctor, D. (2016). The changing landscape of international education research. International Higher Education, 84, 19-21
Robson, S. & Wihlborg, M. (in press /2019) Internationalization of Higher Education: impacts, challenges and future possibilities. Special edition EERJ.
Rumbley, L.E. & Proctor, D. (2018). Perspective on internationalization from and for a new generation. In Proctor & Rumbley (Eds.) The Future Agenda for Internationalization in Higher Education (pp. 225-229). NY: Routledge.
Sim, A., Bowes, L., & Gardner, F. (2018). Modeling the effects of war exposure and daily stressors on maternal mental health, parenting, and child psychosocial adjustment. Global Mental Health, 5.
WHO (2018). Report on the health of refugees and migrants in the WHO European Region: no public health without refugee and migrant health.
WHO Bulletin.https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/85/12/07-044388/en/
Wihlborg, M. & Avery, H. (2017) Opening or closing doors? Perspectives on Bologna from inside and outside the European Union. ECER 2017, Copenhagen.
Wihlborg, M. & Robson, S. (2018) Internationalisation of higher education: drivers, rationales, priorities, values and impacts, EJHE 8(1), 8-18.
Intent of Publication
EERJ or European Journal of Higher Education
|
[] |
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https://openalex.org/W3209509519
|
1.G. Workshop: COVID-HL: A global survey on digital health literacy in university students during the pandemic
|
[
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "persons: Orkan Okan",
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[
{
"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
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{
"display_name": "Health literacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778843546"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Information literacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119883117"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Literacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C547764534"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Global health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C46578552"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Medical education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C509550671"
},
{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Pedagogy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19417346"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3209509519
|
Abstract Digital health literacy in university students and the capacity of academic and public institutions to maintain and promote health are timely, critical, and applicable to the whole world, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic has impacted society at whole. It changed the ways students access public health information and communicate about health. Reliable and trustworthy information is needed for all students to tackle present and future disease outbreaks, societal crisis, and strengthen health resources. For example, people with higher health literacy are more likely to follow the behavioural recommendations and receive vaccination. In addition, they are more likely to be competent to deal with the overabundance of information and protect themselves from false information about COVID-19, supporting their national emergencies strategies by adhering to protective behaviour recommendations. However, not much is known about student`s digital health literacy and their information needs. The COVID Health Literacy Network (COVID-HL) is an international research community of partners from more than 60 different countries from academia and NGOs, and was formed in March 2020 during the onset of the pandemic. COVID-HL seeks to understand digital health literacy concerning COVID-19 and its impact on health outcomes and inequalities, at a global level and in different population groups. Using shared data collection instruments based on a web-based survey, in the initial study COVID-HL members together have collected data from over 70,000 university students globally. This was the first global population-based survey on digital health literacy. The purpose of this workshop is to present and compare some of the country results of the COVID-HL survey. The workshop will comprise five presentation from Germany, Greece, Portugal, Finland, and Lebanon. The findings vary across countries, but generally students have sufficient levels of digital health literacy. In contrast, they have problems evaluating the reliability of online health information about COVID-19 and lack the ability to determine whether commercial interest is attached to messages. The findings will be used for knowledge transfer in order to bridge the know-do gap, deliver tailored, easy-to-understand and practical information and inform interventions. Insights will inspire both national needs and international challenges, providing strategies to combat the pandemic and inform future digital health research and policy. Each project will be given ample time to present their findings, which will be followed by Q&A and an open discussion with the audiences. This workshop offers a forum for researchers, practitioners and policymakers interested in digital health literacy, digital public health, and global cross-country surveys and methods. By dialogue and two-way communication, vivid interaction will be ensured, allow building synergies, and facilitate networking and capacity building. Key messages Digital health literacy is an important tool for students to navigate online health information, especially during a crisis like the COVID19 pandemic. Digital health literacy must be included to educational and education-related policy programs, also considering university policies and programs.
|
[
{
"display_name": "European journal of public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210220588",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3092427528
|
24.I. Workshop: Maximize impacts of research on public health policies: examples from the HBSC international study
|
[] |
[
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "General partnership",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71750763"
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{
"display_name": "Perspective (graphical)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C12713177"
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{
"display_name": "Relevance (law)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C158154518"
},
{
"display_name": "Adolescent health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778063736"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Inequality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45555294"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3092427528
|
Abstract Adolescence is a crucial and challenging transition between childhood and adulthood with its own specificities. A time when protective health behaviours and healthy lifestyles can be valued and adopted, or criticized and rejected, depending on complex interactions between contextual and individual factors. Even if overall adolescence can be seen as the period where individuals are the healthiest and the lowest users of health care. However, integration of young people's health in all policies and research agendas should remain of upmost importance, with a strong emphasis given to reducing social and health inequalities and inequities, in a broad public health perspective. In any case, public health policies targeting young people cannot be fully relevant and efficient if they do not rely on quality data collected among them, taking their voices into account as much as possible. Contrasted national examples will be shared to illustrate the benefits of linking scientific evidence to stakeholders’ expectations, policy relevance, in a public health perspective. Since 1982 the Health behaviour in School-aged children (HBSC) survey collects data among 11, 13- and 15-year-old students, in a growing number of mostly European countries (50 in 2020), under the auspices of WHO. Every 4 years, through anonymous self-completed questionnaires filled in in class, using shared validated instruments and methods, new data is collected. This workshop aims at sharing contrasted national case studies (different countries -Ireland, France, Portugal, Poland, Lebanon- & different perspectives and topics: nutrition, tobacco-use, child participation, partnership) illustrating how data, collected among school-children can be used to inform and improve policies targeted at adolescents in the field of health, health behaviours well-being and their determinants, in partnership with different bodies and stakeholders. All presentations will rely on data collected through the HBSC survey, whose longevity, scope, expertise & reputation are unique in the field of adolescent health. Presenters belong to teams that have a longstanding experience of research on adolescents and in conducting the HBSC survey and share a strong interest in promoting the improvement of the health and well-being of the adolescents in their country, through interacting with various stakeholders including young people, teachers, principals, parents and policy makers. The presentations and debates will start from a common ground (HBSC), allowing for more time to be devoted on how to maximize the impact of research on Public health policies and the involvement of stakeholders in data valorization. Key messages Research findings on adolescents’ health and health behaviour can be shared with and used by stakeholders and be an asset for public health policies targeting young people. National case studies different in scopes & ambitions but relying on the same international project can be used to debate with other teams & countries around improving links between research & policy.
|
[
{
"display_name": "European journal of public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210220588",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4384663043
|
Measuring public attitudes towards people living with chronic diseases in Arabic-speaking populations: adaptation and development of the Social Stigma Scale of Chronic Diseases (SSS-CD)
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"display_name": "Hôpital Razi de La Manouba",
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"lat": 36.81707,
"long": 10.082839,
"type": "healthcare"
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{
"country": "Tunisia",
"display_name": "Tunis El Manar University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I63596082",
"lat": 36.81897,
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"display_name": "Feten Fekih‐Romdhane",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008243645"
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"affiliations": [
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"country": "Lebanon",
"display_name": "Lebanese American University",
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"display_name": "Sahar Obeïd",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018364968"
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"affiliations": [
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"country": "France",
"display_name": "Claude Bernard University Lyon 1",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4384663043
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Abstract Background A large proportion of the population in Arab countries suffer from chronic diseases. According to the statistics by the Global Health Estimates, chronic illnesses contribute by 71% to total deaths in the Arab region. While chronic illnesses have been demonstrated to carry high levels of social stigma, it is only recently that little research attention has been given to this topic in the Arab world. It is well-established that the social stigma construct is culturally-dependent. Therefore, the lack of an Arabic measure highlighted the urgent need for developing a culturally adapted and valid instrument to assess social stigma toward people living with chronic diseases. In this study, we aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Arabic translation, adaptation and development of “the Social Stigma Scale of Chronic Diseases” (SSS-CD). Method Fifteen items derived from the literature and assessing social stigma towards chronic diseases have been administered to 570 Arabic-speaking adults from the Lebanese general population (aged 24.59 ± 6.75years; 68.6% women). Items were translated into Arabic using a forward-backward translation method. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using a principal-axis EFA on the first split-half subsample, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tested on the model extracted from the EFA on the second split-half subsample, were conducted to examine the construct validity of the SSS-CD. Fit indices were deemed adequate if the normed model chi-square (χ²/df) ≤ 3, the Steiger-Lind root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) ≤ 0.08, the Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) and the comparative fit index (CFI) ≥ 0.90. Results Findings revealed that the 10-item SSS-CD has a unidimensional factor structure, with the following fit indices: χ 2 /df = 92.95/34 = 2.73, RMSEA = 0.077 (90% CI 0.059, 0.096), SRMR = 0.062, CFI = 0.939, TLI = 0.919. A good internal consistency was demonstrated by a McDonald’s omega value of 0.73 for the total score. Findings also supported invariance across gender, with men exhibiting higher levels of social stigma attached to chronic diseases than women. All three dimensions of stigmatization (social, psychological and evolutionary stigmatization) were positively correlated with SSS-CD scores (Social self-interest [r = .40; p < .001], Evolutionary self-interest [r = .37; p < .001], Psychological self-interest [r = .42; p < .001]), demonstrating relatively strong convergent validity. Conclusion Our findings suggest that the SSS-CD has robust psychometric qualities. We thus preliminarily suggest that the scale is valid, reliable and suitable for use among Arabic-speaking people from the general population to measure public attitudes towards people living with chronic diseases. Providing this psychometrically sound measure will hopefully enable to foster research in this area in order to draw a clear overview of the prevalence and characteristics of social stigma attached to chronic diseases in Arabic-speaking communities. However, given that this was the first study to examine the psychometric properties of the SSS-CD, the present findings and conclusions should be considered tentative pending future cross-national validation studies.
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"display_name": "BMC Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S200437886",
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https://openalex.org/W2985576838
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Building bridges for migration in a planetary context
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C104513104"
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"display_name": "Development economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C4249254"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Politics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C94625758"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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"display_name": "Archaeology",
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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"Lebanon"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2985576838
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Abstract Europe is experiencing high volumes of migration, both within and to the region. Globally, several factors contributing to high-volume migration, ranging from economic ones (migrant workers) to forced displacement caused by conflict, persecution and climate changes (draught or other extreme weather conditions) severely affecting living conditions. The International Organisation for Migration (IOM) has estimated that in 2017, the number of international migrants living in Europe reached 78 million, over 10% of the European population, and that two-thirds of international migrants live in Europe or Asia. In EU countries, an estimated 22.3 million migrants are non-EU citizens (data as of 1 January 2018) and in 2017 alone, the EU has seen 2.4 million new arrivals from non-EU citizens to its Member States. Inevitably, this trend has significant implications for public health in Europe. Migration has significant implications for public health in Europe. Beyond potential pressures on healthcare systems, that can occur especially in instances of large scale rapid migration, some subgroups of migrants, particularly those forcibly displaced or those originating from countries with weak health systems (i.e. refugees, asylum seekers and irregular migrants) are particularly vulnerable and susceptible to infections. This may be due to the fact that they could come from countries with high prevalence of infectious diseases and/or low vaccine coverage. In addition, the migration journeys or substandard living conditions in overcrowded migrant centres may have increased the risk of contracting an infection. This plenary session will showcase several bridges contributing to strengthening public health functions and services in terms of migration, pinpointing the crucial importance of: public health resources and cross-sectoral cooperation: the case of the Mediterranean Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (MediPIET) building capacity in the EU enlargement and European Neighbourhood countries with particular focus on global health security; the impact of the programme on capacity building among infectious disease epidemiologists in a small country with a large influx of migrants;public health guidance: the case of guidance on screening and vaccination for infectious diseases in newly arrived migrants within the EU/EEA;public health policy and advocacy: the case of WHO Global Action Plan to promote the health of refugees and migrants;involvement of the affected population in the discussion and decision-making. The aim of this one-hour session is to stir the debate around migrant health issues and infectious diseases in the European context. The panel will start with a keynote speaker, followed by a lively expert discussion reflecting different perspectives. Key question/s addressed: How important is cross-sectoral and cross-regional cooperation in terms of migration and public health? How can we approach migration within and to Europe as a benefit for the region? Keynote speaker Sally Hargreaves Lecturer in Global Health, St George's University of London, United Kingdom Panellists Nada Ghosn Epidemiological Surveillance Unit, Ministry of Public Health, Lebanon Sally Hargreaves Imperial College London, UK Abal Moindazde France Isabel de la Mata DG SANTE, European Commission
|
[
{
"display_name": "European journal of public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210220588",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2614659580
|
Medication-Assisted Treatment in the Perianesthesia Setting
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"display_name": "Kathleen Broglio",
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"display_name": "Maureen F. Cooney",
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"Lebanon"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2614659580
|
IN 2015, one in 10 Americans (27 million) ages 12 or older used an illicit drug in the past month, and opioid pain relievers were the second most commonly used drug (3.8 million). 1 Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and QualityKey Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results From the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. 2016https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/NSDUH-FFR1-2015/NSDUH-FFR1-2015/NSDUH-FFR1-2015.htm Google Scholar Current trends in opiate morbidity and mortality include increased use of heroin and illicit synthetic fentanyl. 2 Centers for Disease Control and PreventionHeroin Overdose Data. 2017https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/data/heroin.html Google Scholar , 3 Gladden R.M. Martinez P. Seth P. Fentanyl law enforcement submissions and increases in synthetic opioid-involved overdose deaths - 27 States, 2013-2014. MMWR Morbidity Mortality Weekly Rep. 2016; 65: 837-843 Crossref PubMed Scopus (286) Google Scholar More than 2 million people with a substance use disorder that included pain relievers (opioids) sought treatment in 2015. 1 Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and QualityKey Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results From the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. 2016https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/NSDUH-FFR1-2015/NSDUH-FFR1-2015/NSDUH-FFR1-2015.htm Google Scholar Treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) may include the use of medications such as methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone. The use of these substances to treat OUD is referred to as medication-assisted treatment (MAT). In 2011, about 300,000 people received methadone in opioid treatment programs and more than 32,000 individuals were treated with buprenorphine. 4 Alderks C.E. Trends in the Use of Methadone and Buprenorphine at Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities: 2003 to 2011. The CBHSQ Report. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US), Rockville (MD)2013 Google Scholar Because of recent legislation, nurse practitioners and physician assistants are able to prescribe buprenorphine as part of MAT, 5 American Society of Addiction MedicineSummary of the Comprehensive Addiction and Recovery Act. 2016http://www.asam.org/advocacy/issues/opioids/summary-of-the-comprehensive-addiction-and-recovery-act Google Scholar so the number of individuals receiving buprenorphine is expected to grow. Naltrexone is another emerging treatment option for OUD that may be effective for other types of addiction such as alcohol use disorder. 6 Aboujaoude E. Salame W.O. Naltrexone: A pan-addiction treatment?. CNS Drugs. 2016; 30: 719-733 Crossref PubMed Scopus (41) Google Scholar Kathleen Broglio, DNP, ANP-BC, Palliative Care, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH Maureen F. Cooney, DNP, FNP-BC, Pain Management, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY
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"display_name": "Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing",
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"type": "journal"
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"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W4236002113
|
Public Health Surveillance Systems in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Bibliometric Analysis of Scientific Literature (Preprint)
|
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"display_name": "Randa Saad",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohannad Al Nsour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5012242890"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Yousef Khader",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059896659"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Magid Al Gunaid",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021937297"
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[
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"display_name": "Scopus",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C83867959"
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{
"display_name": "Library science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C161191863"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
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"display_name": "Public health surveillance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776361769"
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"display_name": "Web of science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020774429"
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"display_name": "Bibliometrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178315738"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
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{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
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[
"Lebanon",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Iran",
"Jordan",
"Egypt",
"Morocco"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4236002113
|
<sec> <title>BACKGROUND</title> The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) hosts some of the world’s worst humanitarian and health crises. The implementation of health surveillance in this region has faced multiple constraints. New and novel approaches in surveillance are in a constant state of high and immediate demand. Identifying the existing literature on surveillance helps foster an understanding of scientific development and thus potentially supports future development directions. </sec> <sec> <title>OBJECTIVE</title> This study aims to illustrate the scientific production, quantify the scholarly impact, and highlight the characteristics of publications on public health surveillance in the EMR over the past decade. </sec> <sec> <title>METHODS</title> We performed a Scopus search using keywords related to public health surveillance or its disciplines, cross-referenced with EMR countries, from 2011 to July 2021. Data were exported and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Visualization of Similarities Viewer. Quality of journals was determined using SCImago Journal Rank and CiteScore. </sec> <sec> <title>RESULTS</title> We retrieved 1987 documents, of which 1927 (96.98%) were articles or reviews. There has been an incremental increase in the number of publications (exponential growth, <i>R<sup>2</sup></i>=0.80) over the past decade. Publications were mostly affiliated with Iran (501/1987, 25.21%), the United States (468/1987, 23.55%), Pakistan (243/1987, 12.23%), Egypt (224/1987, 11.27%), and Saudi Arabia (209/1987, 10.52%). However, Iran only had links with 40 other countries (total link strength 164), and the biggest collaborator from the EMR was Egypt, with 67 links (total link strength 402). Within the other EMR countries, only Morocco, Lebanon, and Jordan produced ≥79 publications in the 10-year period. Most publications (1551/1987, 78.06%) were affiliated with EMR universities. Most journals were categorized as medical journals, and the highest number of articles were published in the Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal (SCImago Journal Rank 0.442; CiteScore 1.5). Retrieved documents had an average of 18.4 (SD 125.5) citations per document and an h-index of 66. The top-3 most cited documents were from the Global Burden of Diseases study. We found 70 high-frequency terms, occurring ≥10 times in author keywords, connected in 3 clusters. <i>COVID-19</i>, <i>SARS-CoV-2</i>, and <i>pandemic</i> represented the most recent 2020 cluster. </sec> <sec> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> This is the first research study to quantify the published literature on public health surveillance and its disciplines in the EMR. Research productivity has steadily increased over the past decade, and Iran has been the leading country publishing relevant research. Recurrent recent surveillance themes included COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2. This study also sheds light on the gaps in surveillance research in the EMR, including inadequate publications on noncommunicable diseases and injury-related surveillance. </sec> <sec> <title>CLINICALTRIAL</title> <p /> </sec>
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2773094420
|
Addiction and Suicide: An Unmet Public Health Crisis
|
[
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"country": "United States",
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"display_name": "Cornel N. Stanciu",
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Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ArticleNo AccessAddiction and Suicide: An Unmet Public Health CrisisSaeed Ahmed, M.D., Cornel N. Stanciu, M.D.Saeed AhmedSearch for more papers by this author, M.D., Cornel N. StanciuSearch for more papers by this author, M.D.Published Online:1 Dec 2017https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp-rj.2017.121202AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death in the United States, with 44,193 suicides occurring each year, or 121 completed suicides per day. Approximately 494,169 individuals present to hospitals each year because of self-harm (1). Globally, it is estimated that about one million people die annually from suicide, equivalent to one death every 40 seconds. Suicide is a complex phenomenon caused by neurobiological, sociocultural, and genetic factors. This complexity is linked to risk factors such as chronic substance abuse, concomitant mental illness, personal stressors, family breakdown, previous suicide attempts, access to firearms, and history of lifetime physical or sexual abuse. These risk factors can interrelate with each other, be a product of each other, or operate independently.There is a strong association between suicide and psychiatric disorders, and it has been estimated that up to 90% of people who commit suicide have one or more psychiatric comorbidities. Among these, affective disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with the strongest risk. Risk increases further among individuals who use alcohol. It is estimated that alcohol dependence alone carries a 7%-lifetime risk of suicide, compared with a 6% risk for affective disorders (2). Vulnerability is significantly increased and risk doubles with concomitant mental illness and substance use disorders, compared with affective disorders or alcohol misuse alone (3). Relative to the general population, individuals with substance use disorders are 10–14 times more likely to commit suicide (4).Substance Use Disorders and SuicideThere is an established association between substance use disorders and suicide, but little is known about the underlying psychological mechanisms. The dysregulation of the neurotransmitter serotonin has been linked to depression, suicidal behavior, and substance abuse (5). Particularly, lower levels of 5-hydroxyindoleactic acid, a principal metabolite of serotonin, have been associated with increased suicide and suicidal behavior (6). Although researchers are examining many other potential neurobiological and genetic mechanisms of suicide, such discussion is beyond the focus of this article. Drug use increases the risk of suicidal behavior through both acute and chronic effects. Acutely, drug use distorts judgment, weakens impulse control, and interrupts neurotransmitter pathways (5). With longer periods of use, cognitive and behavioral control is impaired, subsequently leading to an increase in impulsive and aggressive behaviors. Physiological and metabolic stress resulting from use of substances can also lead to neurotoxic damage and severe medical consequences, especially among elderly individuals (7). Additionally, addiction induces negative emotional states, since it causes financial strain, social stigma, isolation, and difficulties at school.Alcohol Use Disorder and SuicideA recent national survey showed that 139.7 million individuals aged 12 and older consumed alcohol in the past month or longer, with 23% classified as binge drinkers and 6.2% as heavy drinkers (8). Lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts among individuals with alcohol use disorder is high, with heavy drinkers having a five-fold greater risk than social drinkers (9). About 40% of those seeking treatment for alcohol use disorder report at least one suicide attempt during their lifetime (10). Associations between alcohol use disorder and suicidality are further supported by an analytic review of retrospective and autopsy studies, which reported cases of completed suicide (10%–69%) and suicide attempts (10%–73%) that involved a positive toxicology screen for alcohol (11). Acute intoxication increases the risk for suicidal behavior through disinhibition, increased impulsivity, aggression, psychological distress, and impaired cognition (12). Chronic use may lead to neuroplastic brain changes, which may cause persistently negative mood states and deterioration of social relationships (13).Although there are medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration for relapse prevention (disulfiram, acamprosate, and naltrexone), they are greatly underutilized, with only 3% of individuals with alcohol use disorder being prescribed any of these medications (14). Despite small-to-medium effect sizes, these medications have proven efficacy in improving relapse rates and have utility in reducing alcohol use disorder-related suicide risk.Opioid Use Disorder and SuicideThe number of opioid prescriptions currently active in pharmacies equals our adult population. The correlation between opioid use and suicide has doubled in strength over the past decade. This is highlighted by a massive increase in overdose deaths, particularly those involving prescription opioids. Postmortem reports show that prescription painkillers are involved in 97.7% of opioid-related suicides (15). Despite a smaller percentage being attributed to opioid use, when involved, the risk of suicide increases 13.5 times (4). The literature supports that individuals with chronic pain are at higher risk for long-term opioid regimens, suicide, and development of psychiatric illnesses.Individuals with histories of depression, PTSD, substance use disorders, and borderline personality disorder are more likely to be prescribed opioids for longer durations, which significantly increases the vulnerability of this population for unintentional opioid overdose deaths (16). The more lethal co-prescribing of opioids and benzodiazepine sedatives is also more common in these populations. One study found that after emergency department presentations for overdoses, subsequently filled prescriptions for opioids decreased by only 3.5%, while the rate of individuals engaging in postdischarge treatment increased by only 3.6% (17).The crisis of opioid overdoses and deaths has been declared a public health crisis. Several approaches to address this crisis are underway. Emphasis is on public education, deployment of naloxone-overdose rescue kits, and improved access to medication-assisted treatment (methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone). Increased access to opioid agonist treatment is associated with a reduction in overdose deaths (18). The role buprenorphine plays in improving overall mood through the endogenous opioid system is well validated (19). Opioid users often receive medical attention in emergency departments, and this presents a golden opportunity to perform brief interventions, initiate medications, and facilitate outpatient treatment referral (20). An emergency department-initiated buprenorphine treatment regimen significantly increases engagement in long-term addiction treatment, decreases self-reported use of illicit substances, and decreases the burden on inpatient addiction treatment services (20).Other Substances and Suicidal BehaviorCocaine use has been linked to increased risk of suicide. This risk is higher if individuals who use cocaine are prescribed antidepressants, use alcohol, or have a history of childhood psychological abuse (21).Tobacco use is one of the main preventable causes of death and contributes to an increased suicide risk proportional to the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Cessation has a positive impact, although former smokers will always carry a suicide risk higher than that of nonsmokers (22). There has been great reluctance on the part of physicians to treat tobacco use aggressively (e.g., with bupropion or varenicline), despite strong support for medication efficacy and patient motivation (23–25). In an effort to evaluate potential neuropsychiatric risks of varenicline, bupropion, and nicotine patches, the recent EAGLES [Evaluating Adverse Events in a Global Smoking Cessation Study] trial provided reassurance with regard to lack of moderate-to-severe neuropsychiatric adverse events, even in psychiatrically ill populations (26).Risk Assessment and ManagementA suicide assessment identifies static (unchangeable) and dynamic (modifiable or treatable) risk and protective factors that facilitate diagnosis, treatment, and safety management. To our knowledge, no single assessment method has been tested for reliability and validity; thus, emphasis should be placed on identifying and modifying dynamic risks (Table 1) (27, 28).TABLE 1. Suicide Risk Assessment and Risk and Protective FactorsRisk FactorsDeterrent (Protective) FactorsDynamicDynamic Preoccupation with death/suicideHopelessness or despairIsolation, rejection by spouse and/or partner, or feelings of shameAccess to weaponsFamily disruptions/conflict or stressAlcohol, tobacco, opioid, or cocaine useBarriers to accessing mental healthUnwillingness to seek help due to stigma associated with mental healthAggression, impulsiveness, agitationUnemployment or decline in socioeconomic statusInsomniaWidowed, divorced, or single (especially among males)Living aloneRural population Absence of weapons from the householdStrongly held religious and cultural beliefsRealistic life goals and future plansAcademic achievementDoes not blame self for stressCommunity engagementFamily connection/support and sense of responsibility to familyPositive problem-solving skillsPositive coping skillsFear of actual act of killingFear of the unknownGood rapport with treatment teamStaticStatic Chronic physical illnessHistory of physical, emotional, or sexual abuseStressful life event or lossFamily history of suicidal behavior, psychiatric conditions, or substance abusePrevious suicide attemptPsychiatric diagnosisLocal cluster of suicides with contagious influenceSevere painAnniversary of important lossesFreedom from responsibility for children <18 years oldMaleCaucasianAdolescents and young adults (aged 102013;24) or elderly individuals (aged >65)Native American Indian/Alaskan NativeClosed mindedness/thought polarizationHistory of panic attacks or anxietyOne week after hospital admission; 1 month after discharge, or during early stages of recovery from mental illnessKnowledge of and/or exposure to another person's suicideActive duty or retired military African AmericanChildren in the home aged <18Expectant motherTABLE 1. Suicide Risk Assessment and Risk and Protective FactorsEnlarge tableCommon modifiable risk factors are medical illness, psychiatric symptoms, active substance abuse, current life crises, unemployment, lack of social support, and access to firearms. Static risk factors help stratify the level of risk but are typically of little use in treatment. A provider should competently review dynamic and static factors for risk assessment before establishing a comprehensive management plan that includes an accurate diagnosis (29). Dual diagnoses are often overlooked but should be identified due to an association with poor prognosis. Patients with dual diagnoses are at greater risk for a suicide attempt than those with a single diagnosis. Therefore, a comprehensive plan of preventive interventions and appropriate screening for substance use should be performed to confirm dual-diagnoses status.In facilitating diagnosis, screening is the mainstay in today's preventive health care practices, allowing for early identification of those at risk for developing substance use disorders. Research has demonstrated that screening and brief intervention can promote significant reductions in alcohol and tobacco use. Screening not only assesses whether an individual has substance use disorder but also whether he or she is engaging in risky patterns of use. Early screening tools for alcohol use disorder, such as the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test and the CAGE [cut-annoyed-guilty-eye] Questionnaire, were developed to detect alcohol dependence. Over time, instruments, such as the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, were introduced to assist with identification of risky and hazardous use.ConclusionsComorbid substance use increases the risk of suicide, especially in clinical populations already at increased risk. As clinicians, we should implement screening tools to better identify individuals at greater risk. Additionally, we should implement pharmacotherapies with evidence for efficacy in addressing substance use and provide quality relapse-prevention strategies for our patients. All individuals who abuse substances should receive a thorough suicide risk assessment in order to determine the level of care that is needed.Key Points/Clinical PearlsThere is a strong positive correlation between the use of illicit substances and suicide risk.The use of evidence-based pharmacotherapy in addressing relapse prevention for individuals with substance use disorders can decrease the risk of suicide.The use of screening tools can help identify at-risk individuals, targeting the disease at an early stage.In addressing suicide risk, a comprehensive assessment with the goal of targeting modifiable risk factors and strengthening protective factors is needed.Dr. Ahmed is a third-year resident at Nassau University Medical Center, New York. Dr. Stanciu is an Addiction Psychiatry Fellow in the Department of Psychiatric Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, N.H. He is also the Guest Editor for this issue of the Residents' Journal.References1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: www.cdc.gov/injury/wisqars/index.html Google Scholar2. Inskip HM, Harris EC, Barraclough B, et al.: Lifetime risk of suicide for affective disorder, alcoholism and schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 1998; 172(1):35–37 Crossref, Google Scholar3. Oquendo MA, Currier D, Liu S, et al.: Increased risk for suicidal behavior in comorbid bipolar disorder and alcohol use disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 2010; 71(7):902 Crossref, Google Scholar4. Wilcox HC, Conner KR, Caine ED, et al.: Association of alcohol and drug use disorders and completed suicide: an empirical review of cohort studies. Drug Alcohol Depend 2004; 76(Suppl):S11–S19 Crossref, Google Scholar5. Mann JJ: Neurobiology of suicidal behaviour. Nat Rev Neurosci 2003; 4(10):819 Crossref, Google Scholar6. Beskow J, Gottfries C, Roos B, et al.: Determination of monoamine and monoamine metabolites in the human brain: post mortem studies in a group of suicides and in a control group. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1976; 53(1):7–20 Crossref, Google Scholar7. Dowling GJ, Weiss SR, Condon TP, et al.: Drugs of abuse and the aging brain. Neuropsychopharmacology 2008; 33(2):209–218 Crossref, Google Scholar8. Hedden SL: Behavioral health trends in the United States: results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Washington, DC, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, 2015 Google Scholar9. Darvishi N, Farhadi M, Haghtalab T, et al.: Alcohol-related risk of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and completed suicide: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10(5):e0126870 Google Scholar10. Pompili M, Serafini G, Innamorati M, et al.: Suicidal behavior and alcohol abuse. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2010; 7(4):1392–1431 Crossref, Google Scholar11. Cherpitel CJ, Borges GL, Wilcox HC, et al.: Acute alcohol use and suicidal behavior: a review of the literature. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2004; 28(s1) Google Scholar12. Hufford MR: Alcohol and suicidal behavior. Clin Psychol Rev 2001; 21(5):797–811 Crossref, Google Scholar13. Volkow ND, Koob GF, McLellan AT, et al.: Neurobiologic advances from the brain disease model of addiction. N Engl J Med 2016; 374(4):363–371 Crossref, Google Scholar14. Results from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: summary of national findings (NSDUH series H-46, HHS publication no. (SMA) 13-4795). Rockville, Md, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2013 Google Scholar15. Braden JB, Edlund MJ, Sullivan MD, et al.: Suicide deaths with opioid poisoning in the United States: 1999–2014. Am J Public Health 2017; 107(3):421–426 Crossref, Google Scholar16. Warner M, Chen LH, Makuc DM, et al.: Drug poisoning deaths in the United States, 1980–2008. NCHS Data Brief 2011; 81:1–8 Google Scholar17. Frazier W, Cochran G, Lo-Ciganic W-H, et al.: Medication-assisted treatment and opioid use before and after overdose in Pennsylvania Medicaid. JAMA 2017; 318(8):750–752 Crossref, Google Scholar18. Schwartz RP, Gryczynski J, O'Grady KE, et al.: Opioid agonist treatments and heroin overdose deaths in Baltimore, Maryland, 1995–2009. Am J Public Health 2013; 103(5):917–922 Crossref, Google Scholar19. Stanciu CN, Glass OM, Penders TM, et al.: Use of buprenorphine in treatment of refractory depression: a review of current literature. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 26:94–98 Crossref, Google Scholar20. D'Onofrio G, O'Connor PG, Pantalon MV, et al.: Emergency department-initiated buprenorphine/naloxone treatment for opioid dependence: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2015; 313(16):1636–1644 Crossref, Google Scholar21. Roy A: Characteristics of cocaine dependent patients who attempt suicide. Arch Suicide Res 2009; 13(1):46–51 Crossref, Google Scholar22. Poorolajal J, Darvishi N: Smoking and suicide: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11(7):e0156348 Google Scholar23. Weiner E, Ahmed S: Smoking cessation in schizophrenia. Curr Psychiatry Rev 2013; 9(2):164–172 Crossref, Google Scholar24. Prochaska JJ: Smoking and mental illness: breaking the link. N Engl J Med 2011; 365(3):196–198 Crossref, Google Scholar25. Evins AE: Reassessing the safety of varenicline. Am J Psychiatry 2013; 170:1385–1387 Link, Google Scholar26. Anthenelli RM, Benowitz NL, West R, et al.: Neuropsychiatric safety and efficacy of varenicline, bupropion, and nicotine patch in smokers with and without psychiatric disorders (EAGLES): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lancet 2016; 387(10037):2507–2520 Crossref, Google Scholar27. Simon RI: Suicide risk: assessing the unpredictable, in The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Suicide Assessment and Management, 1st ed. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Publishing, 2006, pp 1–32 Google Scholar28. Resnick PJ: Suicide and violence risk assessment. http://www.fmhac.net/Assets/Documents/2007/Resnick%20Suicide%20and%20Violence%202007.pdf Google Scholar29. Caton CL, Drake RE, Hasin DS, et al.: Differences between early-phase primary psychotic disorders with concurrent substance use and substance-induced psychoses. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62(2):137–145 Crossref, Google Scholar FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byAssociations between Medication Assisted Therapy Services Delivery and Mortality in a National Cohort of Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Opioid Use Disorder18 December 2019 | Journal of Dual Diagnosis, Vol. 16, No. 2 Volume 12Issue 12 December 01, 2017Pages 3-6 PDF download History Published online 1 December 2017 Published in print 1 December 2017
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1216 Workplace health risks management in developing west africa countries, the role of academic health institutions
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<h3>Introduction</h3> This paper examines the major health threats and risks to employees in Ghana and some West African countries amidst the rapidly growing mining, metals, oil and gas industries. It looks at the role of key stakeholders, particularly academic health institutions in the evidenced-based management of occupational health to improve the health, productivity and performance of the working population. <h3>Methods</h3> The paper was developed from extensive literature review and interview of some industry leaders to understand some historical trends of employee occupational health promotion and protection indices and the current situation of occupational health and hygiene standards in the sub-region. <h3>Results</h3> Clearly, the present West African employee (local and expatriate) are heavily burdened with diverse kinds of health threats, both from the workplace and non-work-related sources. The threats and associated risks were noted to be hugely skewed towards infectious diseases and occupational health hazards origins. That notwithstanding, non-communicable diseases challenges, like mental health, hypertension, diabetes, cancers and musculoskeletal disorders had prominent place in the workplace health hazards and risks matrix. <h3>Discussion</h3> Academic health institutions in West Africa, despite having major roles to play in defining and managing occupational health hazards, were noted not to be actively engaged. Training of competent professionals to run workplace wellness, occupational health and hygiene programs in high-risk workplaces in developing countries, research to have evidence based problem definitions and efficient alternative solution pathways with maximum health outcome are all some of the roles falling in the domain of academic health institutions. Legislation and occupational standards development cannot be achieved without credible research evidence support – this was noted to be a huge gap in the West-Africa sub-Region. The way forward was identified as; key stakeholders working together using a systemic and systematic approach to progressively define and address workplace health problems to improve occupational health outcome. I am currently and IFAD medical advisor and have been in this role for the past 7 months as consultant. Prior to assuming this position, I was a UN volunteer as a medical officer providing occupational health, primary health and emergency medical services to the UN staff deployed in North Korea. This I did for 18 months with no salary, but only basic allowance to support my basic living allowance. Before moving to North Korea, I served in a similar capacity for 10 years in Ghana, DR Congo and Lebanon with basic remuneration. I am optimistic that, this provided valuable services to contribute to the identified and shared gap (by ICOH and ILO) of far less that 10% of developing countries employees receiving occupational health services consistent with workplace risks and hazards they face. It is out of this enormous amount of occupational health experience that I present this paper. Finally, my strive to attain the highest competence in occupational health made me register for MPH (Occupational and Environmental health) in Tulane University School of Public health and Tropical Medicine. New Orleans, USA. This is costing me over US$ 50,000.00. With this financial commitment already made, I would grately appreciate the requested waiver support to attend this all important ICOH 2018 Congress. My sharing of my over 10 years of occupational health experience in 5 different countries and 4 continents in the would add a rich flavour to the program.
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https://openalex.org/W4384207490
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Cholera outbreak and debilitated health facilities in Syria: urgent need for support and action
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At present, the world is still grappling with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health facilities. However, Syrian health facilities are now facing a new challenge as dozens of cases of cholera have been documented, indicating a new outbreak in the region. The ongoing conflict, which has lasted for over a decade, has significantly impacted all aspects of the health sector, ranging from buildings and equipment to medical personnel1. Consequently, there has been a significant decline in the quality of health care services provided. The prolonged conflict, which has been concentrated in urban areas, has exacerbated the health consequences2. The COVID-19 pandemic has further tested the ability of these facilities to provide health care while also draining their resources3. In addition, the health sector in Syria is also suffering from economic sanctions imposed on the country, which have severely limited its resources and the availability of basic medical supplies. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the largest public hospital in Syria had only 11 available beds in the intensive care unit, yet nearly 1 million people depended on its services. Approximately 50 patients needed to be admitted to the ICU but were subsequently treated in various departments of the hospital due to a lack of available beds in the ICU. This is a clear example of the weakness of the health system in Syria. Moreover, the health system in Syria has lost many of its staff, including physicians, medical graduates, and nurses. Consequently, the physician-to-patient ratio is ~1:25, while the nurse-to-patient ratio is no more than 3:25, which poses a significant challenge to the health system. Syria, which has not reported any cases of cholera since 2009, declared an outbreak on September 10, after the Ministry of Health recorded 15 laboratory-confirmed cases, including one death. Since then, the number of confirmed and suspected cases has steadily increased4. According to a WHO report issued on October 23, 2022 (Report No. 4), the number of cases has exceeded 20,000, with 75 related deaths. The Syria Country Director for the International Rescue Committee stated that “Now it’s cholera, but in a few weeks or months, it could be something else because this is a complex crisis with multiple factors and a fragile health system”5. The UN in Syria is making efforts to help official health facilities contain and control the outbreak. However, given the severe fragility of health care facilities and the significant shortage of resources, it seems likely that the outbreak will spread and affect neighboring countries such as Lebanon. This situation calls for immediate attention and action. In light of the ongoing conflict, economic sanctions, and now the outbreak of cholera, there is an urgent need to increase support for health institutions in Syria. The international community must work together to provide sufficient resources and medical supplies to help alleviate the burden on these facilities. This support should also include financial assistance to help recruit and train medical personnel, as well as the reconstruction of damaged health facilities. By taking immediate action, we can prevent the further spread of cholera and improve the overall health care system in Syria, thus providing much-needed relief to the Syrian people. Ethical approval None. Sources of funding None. Author contribution There is one author, he did all the work. Conflict of interests disclosures The authors declare that they have no financial conflict of interest with regard to the content of this report. Research registration unique identifying number (UIN) None. Guarantor Maher Almousa is the guarantor. Consent for publication The author gives the journal consent for publication. Availability of data and materials None. Provenance and peer review Not commissioned, externally peer-reviewed.
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Contracting but Not without Caution: Experience with Outsourcing of Health Services in Countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region/Externaliser, Mais Avec Prudence: Experience Acquise Dans le Domaine Des Prestations De Sante Dans Certains Pays De la Region Mediterranee orientale/Contratar, Pero Con Prudencia: Experiencia De Externalizacion De Servicios De Salud En Paises De la Region del Mediterraneo Oriental
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"display_name": "Belgacem Sabri",
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{
"display_name": "Outsourcing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C46934059"
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[
"Lebanon",
"Islamic Republic of Iran",
"Bahrain",
"Tunisia",
"Syrian Arab Republic",
"Syria",
"Iran",
"Jordan",
"Egypt",
"Morocco"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3023060278
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Introduction is being increasingly used by the public sector in developing countries for the purchase of specified services from the private sector, (1-5) and in some developed countries through internal contracts with autonomous public providers. (6-9) is an important element of health sector reform programmes in many countries because it provides governments with a management and regulatory tool that creates incentives for improved performance and increased accountability. (1,10) Recent reviews have suggested that can influence access, equity, quality and efficiency of health services; promote public health goals; and create an environment conducive to public--private collaboration. (11-13) The process is challenging and requires well designed contracts, transparent bidding, clear performance obligations and credible funding mechanisms. In addition, governments need to be able to monitor contracts and have the reputation of being a trustworthy partner. We conducted a study on of publicly financed health services in ten countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) with the aim to (1) assess the rationale and capacity of the ministries of health (MOHs) and the private providers to enter into contractual arrangements; (2) review health interventions in which an outsourcing arrangement was implemented; and (3) identify factors that influence contracting. Methods We performed the study in 2004 in Afghanistan, Bahrain, Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, the Syrian Arab Republic and Tunisia. These countries accounted for two-thirds of the 500 million population of the EMR and represented its diversity in terms of variation in income, population, size of the private sector and experience with contractual arrangements. We developed an open-ended checklist (see Annex 1) to guide country investigators in data collection. Although researchers were given some flexibility to adapt the checklist to their countries' needs, none of them modified it. This common checklist was the basis for ensuring comparability of data. Our study had two sections: (1) assessment of the overall status of of health services; and (2) review of interventions in which a contractual arrangement was the principal implementation strategy: We collected both quantitative and qualitative information by reviewing existing documents and studies and interviewing stakeholders including MOH staff and private providers. Our analysis, which was predominantly qualitative, was based on information provided by each country on different aspects of as identified in the checklist. We asked the country investigators to review the studies for any major gaps in information. We monitored progress by establishing an electronic network with country investigators and occasionally through in-country visits. We shared the results in a regional consultative meeting with national policy-makers in April 2005. For the purpose of this study we defined contracting as a purchasing mechanism used to acquire a specified service, of a defined quantity and quality, at an agreed-on price, from a specific provider, for a specified period. (14) Contracting out was defined as the development and implementation of a documented agreement by which one party (purchaser) provides compensation to another party (provider) in exchange for a definite set of services for a specific target population. (15) We have used the terms and outsourcing interchangeably in this paper. Internal contract was defined as among different tiers within the public sector. (14) Results Rationale and institutional capacity for outsourcing Rationale and interest Our study revealed that most countries undertook to improve access, efficiency and quality of health services (Table 1). …
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https://openalex.org/W2751861131
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SAT0599 Low back pain in medical students linked to poor sleep quality: results from the pax-i study
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"display_name": "NR Ziade",
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"display_name": "Hôtel-Dieu de Paris",
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"display_name": "Fouad Fayad",
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"display_name": "Saint Joseph University",
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"lat": 33.89332,
"long": 35.50157,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "B Badra",
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"display_name": "Low back pain",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780907711"
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"display_name": "Anxiety",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C558461103"
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"display_name": "Physical therapy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1862650"
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{
"display_name": "Back pain",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776501849"
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"display_name": "Depression (economics)",
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"display_name": "Quality of life (healthcare)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779951463"
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{
"display_name": "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776245837"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
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{
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"display_name": "Insomnia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2781210498"
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"display_name": "Sleep quality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2983189541"
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"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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"display_name": "Economics",
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{
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[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2751861131
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<h3>Background</h3> Low Back Pain (LBP) is a major public health problem and is classified by the Global Burden of Disease Study among the ten diseases most responsible for Disability-Adjusted Life Years worldwide. All ages may be affected, mostly young adults, with a prevalence going up to 50%. Medical students may be particularly vulnerable due to sedentary lifestyle and high stress levels. <h3>Objectives</h3> The primary objective is to evaluate the prevalence of LBP in Lebanese medical students. The secondary objective is to identify predictive factors associated with LBP and to identify prevalence and components of inflammatory back pain (IBP). <h3>Methods</h3> PAX-I is a cross-sectional study, completed at the St-Joseph University of Beirut from April to June 2016. All students from the first to the sixth year of medicine were invited to fill a questionnaire about their demographic data, lifestyle habits, Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety (PHQ4) and LBP characteristics, including components of IBP as per ASAS criteria. Student test and ANOVA were used for quantitative variables, chi-square test was used for qualitative variables and logistic regression was used for predictive factors for low back pain. Analysis were performed on IBM SPSS Statistics 23. <h3>Results</h3> Response rate was 51.3% (258/502). Mean age was 20.86 years (SD 1.92). 54.3% were female, 76.7% drank caffeine, 66.3% had a regular sports activity and 9.7% were smokers. 38% had the habit of walking while studying. All habits were similar across years of studying except for sports activities which decreased over the years (p 0.018). 80% were satisfied with their studies. Only 46% were satisfied with their quality of sleep. Mean PHQ4 score was 7.17 and increased with the years of studies (p 0.045). 55.8% of students reported a LBP event during the past year, with a mean number of 3.6 episodes per year. 91% of these students had LBP while studying, with high reported intensity (5.18/10), 62.5% reported LBP after exercise. 80% had episodes of less than one month and 7% of more than three months duration. 12% had IBP according to the ASAS criteria (Details of IBP in Figure 1). Predictive factors for LBP in univariate analysis were: smoking (p 0.040), alcohol consumption (p 0.005), caffeine consumption (p 0.041), television watching (p 0.042) –positive association-, and number of hours of sleep (p 0.011) and satisfaction with sleep quality–negative association- (p 0.017). Satisfaction with sleep quality remained the only significant association in multivariate analysis (p 0.014). <h3>Conclusions</h3> LBP is a frequent problem among medical students with high intensity, especially when studying, and a high recurrence rate. The main predictive factor was poor satisfaction with sleep quality. A significant percentage fulfills IBP criteria by auto-questionnaire and should benefit from further investigation. <h3>References</h3> Hoy D et al. The global burden of low back pain: estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;968–74. Sieper J et al. New criteria for inflammatory back pain in patients with chronic back pain: a real patient exercise by experts from the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS). Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68:784–8. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4363604354",
"type": "journal"
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https://openalex.org/W2141977258
|
<i>History of the Social Determinants of Health: Global Histories, Contemporary Debates</i> (review)
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[
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"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Vicente Navarro",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5041854480"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778757428"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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[
"Lebanon"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2141977258
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Reviewed by: History of the Social Determinants of Health: Global Histories, Contemporary Debates Vicente Navarro Harold J. Cook, Sanjoy Bhattacharya, and Anne Hardy, eds. History of the Social Determinants of Health: Global Histories, Contemporary Debates. New Perspectives in South Asian History 22. Hyderabad: Orient Blackswan Private Limited, 2009. xvi + 364 pp. Ill. $16.50 (978-81-250-3508-4). The extensive literature produced over the past five years on the area broadly defined as social determinants of health would give the impression that this is a new area of scholarship, triggered by the overwhelming evidence that the level of health of populations does not have much to do with medical care. If medical care is not so important, what is important? The answer, in this new literature, is social determinants, which include social, economic, and cultural interventions outside the realm of medicine. This new bibliography reached its height with the report of the World Health Organization (WHO) Commission on Social Determinants of Health, much quoted and cited worldwide—except in the United States, where, under the Bush administration, such a commission and its report were seen as threatening to the established order. The major media in the United States practically ignored the report. This was not so in Europe, where it had a considerable effect. Several countries, led by Sweden, had their governments develop national health plans that focused not so much on medical care as on interventions such as income redistribution, housing reforms, and other social interventions. Yet, the study of social determinants of health is not new. Actually, it is quite old. It is public health at its best. And this is why the collection under review here is so timely. The book is edited by three scholars and historians of medicine at University College, London, and consists of eighteen chapters. In the first four [End Page 620] chapters, Alison Bashford presents the historical collection of interregional differences in health in Australia and Papua New Guinea; Paul Greenough analyzes the history of public health in Asia; Randall M. Packard writes similarly about the evolution of public health in Africa (combining studies of cultural and behavioral factors with structural determinants of health); and Jan Sundin and Sam Willner focus on Europe, especially Sweden. These chapters read almost like case studies—if continents, such as Asia and Africa, can be grouped as case studies, which is not easy. The case of Sweden is more manageable, and this chapter makes entertaining reading. The next four chapters are equally interesting. Virginia Berridge writes—or, I should say, rewrites—the history of one of the most influential reports in the Anglo-Saxon world, the Black Report, providing new information of great interest. Stephen J. Kunitz writes on the association between sex, race, and social stratification (the latter was formerly known as class structure) and mortality. Kasturi Sen and Abla Mehio-Sibai analyze an unfortunately frequent event: the targeting of civilian populations in large-scale wars and contemporary violence; their analysis focuses on Lebanon but could have been done for many other parts of the world. Roderick J. Lawrence discusses the relationship between urban development and health. All four chapters deal with areas of great relevance. A critical observation that could be made on this first half of the book is that these chapters are fairly straightforward and contain highly controversial statements that are presented as matters of fact. This is why it comes as a relief that the next two chapters include debates between Anne-Emanuelle Birn (who details how targeted social programs are less effective than universal entitlement programs in reducing infant mortality) and Roderick J. Lawrence, on the one hand, and Socrates Litsios, on the other. Litsios, who used to work for the WHO, questions some of the positions put forward by the other authors, making the reading of the exchange more entertaining. I wish that this approach had been used more extensively in the volume. The last part of the book contains five chapters. Patrice Bourdelais looks at the impact of progress (insufficiently defined) on health, raising a large number of questions that remain unanswered. Imrana Qadeer notes the impact of several policies on health, focusing on India. Simon Szreter...
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https://openalex.org/W3181281149
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Addressing the real trajectory of COVID-19 in the Eastern Mediterranean region
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C118518473"
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"Syria",
"Iran",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3181281149
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Pierre Nabeth and colleagues1Nabeth P Hassam M Adib K Abubakar A Brennan R New COVID-19 resurgence in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region.Lancet. 2021; 397: 1348-1349Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (7) Google Scholar highlight the resurgence in COVID-19 cases in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region and identify factors that might have contributed to this rise. They identify changes in testing capacity, mass gatherings, decreased adherence to public health measures, and increased transmissibility of new SARS-CoV-2 variants emerging globally. Alarmingly, Nabeth and colleagues ignore the structural and social determinants of health in the Eastern Mediterranean region, and how these would affect the spread and impact of COVID-19. They did not address the substantial social and economic turmoil taking place in countries across the region. Except for a brief request for a special focus on conflict areas, they neglect the fact that more than a third of countries in this region are active war zones or fragile post-conflict countries.2Christophersen E These 10 countries receive the most refugees.https://www.nrc.no/perspectives/2020/the-10-countries-that-receive-the-most-refugees/Date: Nov 1, 2020Date accessed: April 2, 2021Google Scholar Similarly, any reference to countries in the region being among the largest hosting communities for the chronic and severe refugee crisis is omitted. Additionally, there is no reference to the continuing challenges that these countries face in the aftermath of the Arab uprisings, deteriorating livelihoods, and violations of human rights.3Amnesty InternationalMENA: repression and violence fail to stamp out Arab activism 10 years since mass uprisings of 2011.https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2021/02/mena-repression-and-violence-fail-to-stamp-out-arab-activism-10-years-since-mass-uprisings-of-2011/Date: Feb 25, 2021Date accessed: April 2, 2021Google Scholar Given the severity of socioeconomic effects across the region, Nabeth and colleagues still choose to focus on decreased public adherence to measures, such as physical distancing, which is particularly concerning. No mention is made of political factors such as the public denial of the pandemic among governments,4Abdelaziz M The Egyptian response to coronavirus: denial and conspiracy.https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/egyptian-response-coronavirus-denial-and-conspiracyDate: May 27, 2020Date accessed: April 2, 2021Google Scholar, 5Gambrell J A pandemic atlas: no longer in viral denial, Iran struggles.https://apnews.com/article/pandemics-iran-coronavirus-pandemic-ali-khamenei-islam-8c9578b5b86963f41cfc893bec9e9a68Date: Dec 16, 2020Date accessed: April 2, 2021Google Scholar which not only delayed the response but also, catastrophically, further eroded public trust in health authorities. Most regrettable is the simplistic recommendation for “enforcement of, and adherence to, public health and social measures” by the governments in the Eastern Mediterranean region as the effective approach to address the resurge in SARS-CoV-2 infections, without any discussion of how such enforcement can be applied within these coercive contexts where violence is a key contextual determinant in public health. No consideration is shown of how the livelihoods of Syrian, Lebanese, and Sudanese people, among others, are dependent on daily wages in the informal labour markets, or that many social gatherings in these countries are, in fact, queues for food and medication. Such omissions highlight the real dangers inherent to organisations adopting a narrowly epidemiological approach in a region in which the trajectory of the pandemic is so strikingly shaped by the social and political determinants of health. I declare no competing interests. New COVID-19 resurgence in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean regionAfter 7 weeks of falling numbers of COVID-19 cases , a global upsurge was reported during the week of Feb 22, 2021. This case resurgence was observed earlier in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region, where, between Jan 30 and Feb 26, 2021, the number of weekly cases increased from 158 004 to 207 424 (31%; appendix). Full-Text PDF Addressing the real trajectory of COVID-19 in the Eastern Mediterranean region – Authors' replyOur Correspondence1 was based on the analysis of available data on the COVID-19 pandemic in the Eastern Mediterranean region. The objectives were to highlight the upsurge in COVID-19 cases since February, 2021, and to alert about the risk of further degradation of the epidemiological situation due to the evolution of key determinants, such as the decreased adherence to public health and social measures, emergence of more transmissible variants, and insufficient vaccination coverage. Full-Text PDF
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https://openalex.org/W1969879193
|
Rehabilitating Iraq: MH Priorities
|
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[
"Lebanon",
"Islamic Republic of Iran",
"Saudi Arabia",
"Bahrain",
"Tunisia",
"Iran",
"Egypt",
"Iraq",
"Morocco"
] |
[] |
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Back to table of contents Previous article Next article From the PresidentFull AccessRehabilitating Iraq: MH PrioritiesMarcia Goin, M.D.Marcia GoinSearch for more papers by this author, M.D.Published Online:5 Sep 2003https://doi.org/10.1176/pn.38.17.0003Late in July I flew to Cairo, having been invited by the World Health Organization (WHO) to attend a conference July 28 to 30 organized by WHO and the World Psychiatric Association (WPA). The topic: mental health and rehabilitation of psychiatric services in Iraq.Seated around the conference table were experts from Afghanistan, Bahrain, Egypt, India, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Morocco, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, Tunisia, United Kingdom, and the United States. The participants were informed and knowledgeable psychiatric leaders in their countries.What were we all doing there? Where does mental health fit into the hierarchy of survival needs of an occupied country with a massively damaged infrastructure?In Iraq, a nation the size of California beset by low-level guerrilla warfare, there are grave problems of security, economic instability with massive unemployment, power-grid failures, unsafe water, and a severely decimated health care delivery system. The pervasive looting of hospitals and health posts, down to copper wiring and pipe, has severely damaged one of the most advanced public health systems in the Arab world. While reconstruction efforts addressing this catastrophic situation proceed, mental health imperatives must also be given a high priority.Baghdad—the site of the world’s first psychiatric hospital (established in A.D. 753)—now, after 30 years of prolonged conflict and violence, faces an acute shortage of human and medical resources.There are long-term needs to increase the medical workforce, update medical training, and develop outreach to families and communities in urban and rural areas. A small measure of the breadth of the human problems was seen in Baghdad when 800 acute and chronic psychiatric patients spilled into the streets and countryside during the urban battles.The Cairo conferees worked to outline acute goals, as well as chronic and long-term agendas. We were reminded of the special needs of countries such as Afghanistan, where 40 percent of the children in Kabul have lost their parents, two-thirds have seen dead bodies or parts of bodies, and 90 percent believed they would die during the conflict. These experiences have an immediate psychological impact, as well as a long-term effect, on mental health.Examples of successful interventions that were developed in other Eastern Mediterranean countries were presented by representatives from India, Iran, and Pakistan. Their education programs and work integrating mental health with primary health care demonstrated positive results.The conferees were divided up into small groups to work on the following topics: needs assessments; training and human resources development; peoples’ initiatives for mental health; service development, including integration of mental health care within primary health care; and issues of administrative support, including research, monitoring, and evaluation.As the representative of the American Psychiatric Association I felt fortunate to spend time participating with our Eastern Mediterranean region colleagues in this joint venture to ensure that mental health was given a priority and was on the front line of any discussion about the rebuilding of Iraq. From the experiences of American psychiatrists in the developing world who have had long-term projects, we recognize the hurdles public health and psychiatry have to clear to achieve appropriate recognition from the policymakers who set priorities.In the near term, Iraq’s security, power restoration, a revamped educational system, adequate nutrition, potable water supplies, and reconstruction of hospitals are all powerful competitors for mental health funding in the country’s rehabilitation. From psychiatric epidemiological research and empirical experience, we have data showing that violence, poverty, and disasters accelerate neuropsychiatric disorders and thus affect the DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years). Mental health properly requires recurrent expenditures in a national budget. Planners may tend to minimize these realities as well as the long-term impact of untreated depressive disorders on work productivity and its negative effect on a country’s gross domestic product.At the Cairo conference, representatives of many nations with different political histories—democracies together with single-party nation states—and different racial, societal, and religious backgrounds joined together to advocate for a vision of mental health being integral to health care in general. The Cairo meeting reflected advance mental health planning in the service of children, families, communities, and the nation. This was an international effort at nation building at its best. ▪ ISSUES NewArchived
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Spotlighting William Alexander Darity, Sr., PhD Claudia Baquet, MD, MPH (bio) Dr. William Alexander Darity, Sr. is Professor Emeritus and Dean Emeritus of Public Health at the University of Massachusetts–Amherst School of Public Health. A native of North Carolina, Dr. Darity has been a leader and pioneer in the fields of international health, operations research, and minority health and has advanced the fields of public health and advocacy as well as tobacco control. Dr. Darity was born January 15, 1924 in Flat Rock, North Carolina, a small town in the Blue Ridge Mountains. Dr. Darity completed his formal studies in North Carolina, receiving a Bachelor of Science degree from Shaw University and a Master of Science in Public Health (MSPH) degree from North Carolina Central University. He became the first African American to receive a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1964. Dr. Darity accepted an Associate Professor appointment at the University of Massachusetts– Amherst in 1963. At that time, the small Department of Public Health, which offered a Bachelor of Science degree and a Master of Science degree with a concentration in Environmental Health, had three full-time faculty members. He was appointed head of the department in 1968 and then Dean in the School of Health Sciences in September 1973. In addition to the Division of Public Health (an accredited School of Public Health) and a Division of Nursing (an accredited School of Nursing), this newly created School of Health Sciences included a Department of Communications Disorders, which offered majors and graduate study in audiology and speech and language disorders. At his urging upon his retirement, the Division of Public Health became a School of Public Health with its own dean, and the Division of Nursing became a School of Nursing with its own dean. Under Dr. Darity’s aegis, the Division of Public Health was expanded widely to offer a Master of Science degree with concentrations in Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Community Health Education, Environmental Health and Health Administration. In addition, a PhD program, which offered concentrations in the above areas, was also developed under his leadership. In addition, a Master of Public Health (MPH) degree was developed to meet the needs of working professionals who sought further their education to better prepare them for professional practice. A Master of Science in Public Health Nutrition, offered jointly by the Division of Public Health and the Department of Food and Science Nutrition, was also developed during Dr. Darity’s tenure. This pioneer’s last major responsibility at the University of Massachusetts was Principal Investigator of a $3.4 million, five-year research study on Smoking and Cancer [End Page 3] in Black populations, funded by the National Cancer Institute. This landmark study examined middle-income and low-income Blacks and factors influencing smoking adoption and associated health risks. Dr. Darity’s leadership at the University of Massachusetts Division of Public Health as an accredited school continued for 16 years until 1989. Dr Darity was named a Distinguished Alumnus by the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill in October 1996 and received the Alumni Achievement Award from Shaw University in 1997. (He had previously received an Honorary Doctor of Science Degree from Shaw University in 1990.) Immediately prior to his appointment at the University of Massachusetts, Dr. Darity served as Director of Program Development for the North Carolina Fund, Inc. (a statewide, privately funded, non-profit, anti-poverty organization). His extensive international experience included 10 years with the World Health Organization (WHO), a specialized agency of the United Nations. His tenure with WHO included teaching at the American University of Beirut School of Public Health in Lebanon and the University of Alexandria Higher Institute of Public Health in Egypt. Dr. Darity also served as a Health Consultant with the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Arab Refugees and as a WHO Regional Advisor for 17 countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, which included 11 Arab countries, as well as Israel, Cyprus, Iran, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Pakistan and West Pakistan (now Bangladesh). Dr. Darity also played a major role as a consultant with WHO in establishing the first Master...
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Tobacco smoking kills more than 8 million people worldwide annually, with a disproportionately high burden of these deaths occurring in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar About 80% of the world's 1·3 billion tobacco users live in LMICs.1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar The emergence of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) could contribute to either reducing or exacerbating this burden, depending on how their accessibility and use is regulated. Although ENDS have gained some popularity in LMICs, their prevalence still lags behind the current usage rates in high-income countries (HICs).1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar The adoption of ENDS varies across countries and regions, and this variation is influenced by diverse cultural and policy environments, often swayed by tobacco industry interests.2Kennedy RD Awopegba A De León E Cohen JE Global approaches to regulating electronic cigarettes.Tob Control. 2017; 26: 440-445Crossref PubMed Scopus (170) Google Scholar, 3WHOTobacco: e-cigarettes.https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/tobacco-e-cigarettesDate: May 25, 2022Date accessed: June 21, 2023Google Scholar Several key factors affect the prevalence of ENDS use, including economic conditions, cultural norms, laws and regulations around tobacco products, and marketing tactics used by tobacco industry.1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar, 2Kennedy RD Awopegba A De León E Cohen JE Global approaches to regulating electronic cigarettes.Tob Control. 2017; 26: 440-445Crossref PubMed Scopus (170) Google Scholar, 3WHOTobacco: e-cigarettes.https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/tobacco-e-cigarettesDate: May 25, 2022Date accessed: June 21, 2023Google Scholar These factors shape how socially or culturally acceptable and accessible ENDS use is within both LMICs and HICs. As the majority of research investigating the long-term effects of ENDS on population health4Vu GT Stjepanović D Sun T et al.Predicting the long-term effects of electronic cigarette use on population health: a systematic review of modelling studies.Tob Control. 2023; (published online June 9.)https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2022-057748Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar and its potential to help smokers quit5Hartmann-Boyce J McRobbie H Lindson N et al.Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021; 4CD010216 PubMed Google Scholar has been conducted in HICs, how and when ENDS products will evolve and be treated in LMICs is unclear. For example, a Cochrane review regarding the potential of ENDS to facilitate smoking cessation highlights studies conducted in the USA (24 studies), the UK (9), and Italy (7), with almost all randomised clinical trials occurring in HICs5Hartmann-Boyce J McRobbie H Lindson N et al.Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation.Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021; 4CD010216 PubMed Google Scholar and no predictive modelling studies of ENDS conducted in LMICs (at the time of writing).4Vu GT Stjepanović D Sun T et al.Predicting the long-term effects of electronic cigarette use on population health: a systematic review of modelling studies.Tob Control. 2023; (published online June 9.)https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2022-057748Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar This research gap calls for more country-specific studies in LMICs to better understand the unique effects of ENDS products across settings and inform appropriate regulations and policies. The gap also underscores inequities in tobacco control research fundings and outputs between LMICs and HICs. Currently, ENDS products are prohibited in 34 countries.1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar In other countries, they are subject to various regulations and classifications, such as tobacco products, consumer products, and therapeutic products, or are completely unregulated.1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar, 2Kennedy RD Awopegba A De León E Cohen JE Global approaches to regulating electronic cigarettes.Tob Control. 2017; 26: 440-445Crossref PubMed Scopus (170) Google Scholar, 3WHOTobacco: e-cigarettes.https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/tobacco-e-cigarettesDate: May 25, 2022Date accessed: June 21, 2023Google Scholar Many countries—mostly LMICs—regulate ENDS with tobacco product legislation not originally intended for ENDS products.2Kennedy RD Awopegba A De León E Cohen JE Global approaches to regulating electronic cigarettes.Tob Control. 2017; 26: 440-445Crossref PubMed Scopus (170) Google Scholar This approach could complicate (and hinder) the effective implementation of regulations against all tobacco products.4Vu GT Stjepanović D Sun T et al.Predicting the long-term effects of electronic cigarette use on population health: a systematic review of modelling studies.Tob Control. 2023; (published online June 9.)https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2022-057748Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar Therefore, enhancing efforts to discourage tobacco use in LMICs is crucial to expand evidence-based cessation tools and programmes with different approaches. For example, in Lebanon (a country with an exceptionally high tobacco use burden), a new project is connecting patients to phone-based counselling in a health-care system with nicotine replacement therapy being recommended as the most effective alternative to tobacco smoking.6Salloum RG Romani M Bteddini DS et al.An effectiveness-implementation hybrid trial of phone-based tobacco cessation interventions in the Lebanese primary healthcare system: protocol for project PHOENICS.Implement Sci Commun. 2023; 4: 72Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar Although cigarette smoking constitutes the most popular form of tobacco used in HICs, nicotine and tobacco consumption modes widely vary across LMICs. For example, alongside cigarettes, highly prevalent forms of nicotine and tobacco use include waterpipe tobacco smoking in north Africa and the eastern Mediterranean, smokeless tobacco in south Asia, and cigars in South America. These variations can complicate the regulation of emerging products such as ENDS, can hinder opportunities to ease the burden caused by combustible tobacco products in LMICs, and could pose a challenge for tobacco control efforts in these nations.3WHOTobacco: e-cigarettes.https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/tobacco-e-cigarettesDate: May 25, 2022Date accessed: June 21, 2023Google Scholar, 7Xi B Liang Y Liu Y et al.Tobacco use and second-hand smoke exposure in young adolescents aged 12–15 years: data from 68 low-income and middle-income countries.Lancet Glob Health. 2016; 4: e795-e805Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (134) Google Scholar Diverse tobacco product use in LMICs highlight the need for a comprehensive ENDS regulatory approach. One solution is updating the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) treaty to include ENDS rules.1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar Although FCTC pre-dates ENDS, WHO has offered separate guidelines.3WHOTobacco: e-cigarettes.https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/tobacco-e-cigarettesDate: May 25, 2022Date accessed: June 21, 2023Google Scholar Merging ENDS into FCTC articles would unite global tobacco control, aiding countries, especially LMICs, in context-specific regulations. The use of ENDS is now widespread in HICs, despite regulatory restrictions in some jurisdictions.1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar, 3WHOTobacco: e-cigarettes.https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/tobacco-e-cigarettesDate: May 25, 2022Date accessed: June 21, 2023Google Scholar The complexities of these products present a regulatory challenge globally. Lessons learned from regulatory actions, mostly in HICs, emphasise the importance of comprehensive ENDS regulations that address all aspects, including advertising promotion and sponsorship, and taxation. Additionally, restricting or banning the sale of ENDS products with enticing flavors that appeal to young people can have a crucial role in preventing youth use.8Ollila H Tarasenko Y Ciobanu A Lebedeva E Raitasalo K Exclusive and dual use of electronic cigarettes among European youth in 32 countries with different regulatory landscapes.Tob Control. 2023; (published online April 25.)https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2022-057749Crossref Scopus (2) Google Scholar However, in LMICs, evidence regarding the magnitude of ENDS use and its efficacy and safety remains sparse. Moreover, ENDS products have penetrated consumer markets in most LMICs rapidly, often overtaking the development of clinical practice guidelines or regulatory frameworks.9Novotny TE van Schalkwyk MCI How should physicians in low- and middle-income countries regard electronic nicotine delivery systems to facilitate smoking cessation?.AMA J Ethics. 2020; 22: E82-E92Crossref PubMed Scopus (1) Google Scholar According to WHO's 2023 report, 85% of HICs have either a regulation or a sales ban in effect, yet 40% of middle-income and about 80% of low-income countries have taken no regulatory action against ENDS.1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar Moving forward, consistent monitoring of population-based ENDS use in LMICs is crucial to establishing and implementing evidence-based ENDS policies. On the basis of WHO's 2023 report,1WHOWHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023: protect people from tobacco smoke. World Health Organisation, Geneva2023Google Scholar of the 59 countries that monitor ENDS use, 38 are HICs, 21 are middle-income countries, and zero are low-income nations. In addition, health-care professionals and the public require further research on the risks of ENDS in local populations to inform evidence-based policies and practices. These efforts require additional investments from global and regional funding agencies, such as WHO and the National Institutes of Health. Maximising efforts and research on the effects of ENDS is crucial to effectively prevent and control tobacco and nicotine products use not only in LMICs, but also on a global scale. OO is supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health under award number K01DA055127. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. All other authors declare no competing interests. Members of the Global Tobacco Research Network at Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco are listed in the appendix. Download .pdf (.14 MB) Help with pdf files Supplementary appendix
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"display_name": "Cardiovascular health",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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] |
[
"Lebanon"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W2072068802",
"https://openalex.org/W2743919298",
"https://openalex.org/W2940436862"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4206453606
|
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death and disability in women and men worldwide, with the burden of disease and its comorbidities observed in lower- and middle-income countries.1,2 Aware of the global patterns and trends in CVD and the power of prevention in modifying adverse health behaviors and CVD risk factors, the Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association initiated the Global Cardiovascular Nursing Leadership Forum (GCNLF).3 A major impetus for this global initiative was recognition that nurses comprise the largest healthcare discipline managing risk factors and preventing risk for CVD. In collaboration with colleagues from the American Heart Association's Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing and the European Society of Cardiology's Association of Cardiovascular Nurses and Allied Professions, the inaugural meeting of the GCNLF was convened in New York City in October 2014.4 Subsequent meetings were held in person in October 2016 in Barcelona, Spain, and in 2018 in Lisbon, Portugal.5,6 Because of the global public health pandemic, the October 2020 meeting of the GCNLF was virtual. Of note, participants at each of the meetings heralded from the 6 World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Since its inception, the mission of the GCNLF has been to engage and mobilize an international community of nurses to promote prevention of CVD and stroke worldwide through research, education, policy, and advocacy. Major goals for the GCNLF, reaffirmed by participants at each meeting, are to (1) champion a global nursing movement for CVD and stroke prevention across the life span of all individuals and families, (2) empower nurses worldwide on the science and practice of health promotion and CVD and stroke prevention, and (3) empower nurses as leaders in CVD and stroke prevention.3–6 Consistent with the GCNLF's mission and goals, particularly noteworthy themes that emerged during biannual meetings included the strong commitment of nurses to global CVD prevention, the need for standardization of education and training in CVD prevention, the need for data demonstrating impact of nursing interventions on patient outcomes, the need to highlight and disseminate what nurses and nursing have accomplished in promoting CVD prevention and improving patient outcomes, and the importance of partnerships with key stakeholders including WHO, the World Heart Federation, and Ministries of Health. Consistent with major goals as well as the themes that emerged from each meeting of the GCNLF, accomplishments of the GCNLF include the following: * Resources for nurses by nurses: Patient education materials focused on prevention of CVD and stroke intended to be adapted, translated, and used in accordance with national guidelines in locations where GCNLF members practice. * Guidance document, “Promoting Cardiovascular Nursing Globally”: Designed to support cardiovascular nurses as we connect with physicians, government officials, and others highlighting the important role nurses play in prevention and management of CVD. * Information flyer: Available in English, Spanish, and Mandarin Chinese, the document is designed for coalition members to share information with ease about the GCNLF, as well as its priorities and accomplishments. * Establishment of the GCNLF website (http://pcna.net/gcnlf/news-events): Designed to house patient education materials, the guidance document, information flyer, GCNLF success stories, and current and future events including webinars, as well as information on our partners. Building on accomplishments to date and reaffirming the GCNLF's commitment to global CVD and stroke prevention, the October 2020 virtual meeting featured 2 keynote speakers and 3 presentations from cardiovascular nurse leaders. Monica Parry, Associate Professor, Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, provided an informative and insightful keynote highlighting and emphasizing the global nursing imperative, a call to action for all cardiovascular nurses to champion CVD prevention and management efforts focused on practice, research, education/training, and advocacy. Erica Burton, Senior Advisor, Nursing and Health Policy, International Council of Nurses, provided a state-of-the-science presentation on CVD and COVID-19 with clear and actionable recommendations for CVD nurses and nursing on a global level. Heralding from different countries, 3 nursing leaders shared best practices and local applications in clinical, advocacy, and leadership initiatives, major areas of ongoing emphasis for the GCNLF. Samar Noureddine, Professor of Nursing, American University of Beirut, shared her innovation in clinical practice focused on improving out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a challenged country, Lebanon. Kevin Beharry Paray, President of Heart Health Mauritius, shared his work focused on best practices and local application of advocacy in action in Mauritius, a multiethnic island nation with a high population density as well as CVD risk. Finally, Lis Neubeck, Professor and Head of Cardiovascular Health, School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, and President of Association of Cardiovascular Nurses and Allied Professions, shared her leadership journey in cardiovascular nursing that includes and encompasses leadership roles in clinical practice, research, and advocacy. She also shared her insights regarding transformative leadership for cardiovascular nurses and nursing in the 21st century. Consistent with the GCNLF goal of empowering nurses in the both the science and practice of CVD prevention and management, a major component of the 2020 virtual meeting focused on the Cardiovascular Nursing Certificate Program. The purpose of this program is to provide nurses with in-depth education that is designed to enhance knowledge and skills in cardiovascular care as well as support career advancement. The program consists of 12 modules with topics focused on the global burden of CVD and strategies for population health, pathophysiology of atherosclerotic CVD, cardiovascular assessment, cardiometabolic risk management, prevention and management of atherosclerotic CVD, prevention and management of atrial fibrillation and heart failure, cardiovascular pharmacology, communication and person-centered care for patients with CVD, lifestyle/behavior change counseling, translation and putting research into practice, and leadership and advocacy. Participants of the 2020 GCNLF enthusiastically embraced and supported this Cardiovascular Nursing Certificate Program and are in the process of developing plans for dissemination in their respective WHO countries/regions. The Preventive Cardiovascular Nurses Association remains committed to supporting the mission and goals of the GCNLF and will continue to provide updates on progress and prospects for cardiovascular nurses and nursing in optimizing cardiovascular health promotion and risk reduction globally.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S132854162",
"type": "journal"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2131503458
|
Health-related quality of life in diabetic patients and controls without diabetes in refugee camps in the Gaza strip: a cross-sectional study
|
[
{
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"display_name": "Ashraf Eljedi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042672521"
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{
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{
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"display_name": "Bielefeld University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I20121455",
"lat": 52.037777,
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],
"display_name": "Rafael Mikolajczyk",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081429963"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Germany",
"display_name": "Bielefeld University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I20121455",
"lat": 52.037777,
"long": 8.493056,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Alexander Kraemer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019766706"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Germany",
"display_name": "Bielefeld University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I20121455",
"lat": 52.037777,
"long": 8.493056,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Ulrich Laaser",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5074574075"
}
] |
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C555293320"
},
{
"display_name": "Quality of life (healthcare)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779951463"
},
{
"display_name": "Refugee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845"
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{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
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{
"display_name": "Biostatistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C140556311"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Affect (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776035688"
},
{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
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"https://openalex.org/W2153170671",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2131503458
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Prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing in developed and developing countries. Diabetes is known to strongly affect the health-related quality of life (HRQOL). HRQOL is also influenced by living conditions. We analysed the effects of having diabetes on HRQOL under the living conditions in refugee camps in the Gaza strip.We studied a sample of 197 diabetic patients who were recruited from three refugee camps in the Gaza strip and 197 age- and sex-matched controls living in the same camps. To assess HRQOL, we used the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) including four domains (physical health, psychological, social relations and environment). Domain scores were compared for cases (diabetic patients) and controls (persons without diabetes) and the impact of socio-economic factors was evaluated in both groups.All domains were strongly reduced in diabetic patients as compared to controls, with stronger effects in physical health (36.7 vs. 75.9 points of the 0-100 score) and psychological domains (34.8 vs. 70.0) and weaker effects in social relationships (52.4 vs. 71.4) and environment domains (23.4 vs. 36.2). The impact of diabetes on HRQOL was especially severe among females and older subjects (above 50 years). Low socioeconomic status had a strong negative impact on HRQOL in the younger age group (<50 years).HRQOL is strongly reduced in diabetic patients living in refugee camps in the Gaza strip. Women and older patients are especially affected.
|
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
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{
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"type": "repository"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2885703613
|
Community Work in the Ongoing Crisis Context of Gaza: Integrating a Public Health and Human Rights Approach
|
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"display_name": "Stellenbosch University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I26092322",
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"display_name": "University of Milano-Bicocca",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
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[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2885703613
|
Moving from socio‐ecological perspectives, our work aims to explore and analyse the synergy of public health and human rights‐informed frameworks in the provision of mental health services in The Gaza Strip, a context characterised by war, trauma, and human rights violations over the past several decades. We discuss issues related to human rights violations and link these to the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of prevention in public mental health. Two case studies about families affected by war and violence in 2009 will be analysed to highlight how human rights issues are deeply embedded in interventions aimed at promoting functioning and subjective wellbeing in individuals and families living in conditions of chronic uncertainty. Working with families affected by ongoing political violence requires constant attention to human rights, which goes beyond psychotherapeutic and psychobiological interventions. Mental health services help communities living under occupation by developing resilience and survival skills throughout participative approaches. Directions for clinical work and research are discussed.
|
[
{
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"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2948596545
|
Prevalence of diarrheal illness and healthcare-seeking behavior by age-group and sex among the population of Gaza strip: a community-based cross-sectional study
|
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"display_name": "Ayman Abu Mustafa",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779802037"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] |
[
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"Gaza"
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In the Gaza strip, diarrhea is one of main reasons for children visiting primary healthcare centers. Hence, we investigate predictors of the diarrheal illness and health care-seeking behavior among different age groups. This community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from August 2017 to June 2018 among 1857 households. A pretested structured questionnaire included information about socio-demographic, sanitation, hygiene, source of water, diarrheal illness, and seeking healthcare in households was administered to head of household. To achieve representativeness for the five Gaza’s governorates, a cluster random sampling was applied. Of the 1857 household’s heads, 421 (22.7%) reported an episode of diarrhea during the 48 h preceding the interview resulting an overall prevalence rate of 3.8 per 100 individuals. The prevalence of diarrhea was statistical significant greater in males (5.4/100) compared to females (1.3/100) in all age groups (p < 0.05). Socio-demographic, economic, water, sanitation, and hygiene factors were predictors of the diarrheal illness and seeking of non-professional healthcare for diarrhea illness treatment among. A transition behavior from professional to non-professional and vice versa in seeking healthcare in each diarrheal episode was found. We recommend improving the status of water, sanitation, and hygiene in the Gaza strip’s households to reduce diarrhea among the population of Gaza strip. Community sensitization about the importance of seeking care at primary health centers because treatment of children is available for free or in low costs.
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https://openalex.org/W2298910930
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Prevalence and Associated Factors for Dual Form of Malnutrition in Mother-Child Pairs at the Same Household in the Gaza Strip-Palestine
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"affiliations": [
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"country": "Malaysia",
"display_name": "Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia",
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"display_name": "Wan Abdul Manan Wan Muda",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2298910930
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Background In many developing countries nutritional, and epidemiological transitions are emerging into continuing undernutrition and escalating overnutrition, giving rise to the double burden of the malnutrition phenomenon. Objectives This study aims to determine the prevalence of the dual form of malnutrition (overweight mother/underweight child) in the same household and its associated factors in the Gaza Strip. Methods A total of 357 mother-child pairs from the same households were surveyed from three different geographical locations in the Gaza Strip, namely, El Remal urban area, Jabalia refugee camp, and Al Qarara rural area. The height and weight of mothers aged 18–50 years were measured, and their body mass index (BMI) was computed. The mothers were categorized according to the criterion of the World Health Organization (WHO) for BMI as overweight if they have a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. Anthropometric indices were measured for children aged two to five years to classify the underweight children Z-score <-1. Results The results showed the prevalence of the dual form of malnutrition in the Gaza Strip was 15.7%, and its associated factors were child’s birth order (ORadj, 1.50, 95% CL, 1.22, 1.82; p = <0.001), father’s educational (low or medium) levels (ORadj, 3.19, 95% CL, 1.07, 9.5; p = 0. 036), or (ORadj, 3.4, 95% CL, 1.12, 10.37; p = 0. 031), high scores of mothers' nutrition knowledge (ORadj, 1.23, 95% CL, 1.01, 1.52; p = 0. 048), and low monthly income (ORadj, 0.28, 95% CL, 0.09, 0.88; p = 0. 030). Conclusions The results from this study showed the dual form of malnutrition in the same household was prevalent in the Gaza Strip. This is a public health issue that must be understood and addressed and policy makers must implement an appropriate nutrition action plan to control dual form of malnutrition based on the underlying specific risk factors in the study population. In addition, interventions are needed to help individuals to translate their nutrition knowledge into healthy dietary behaviors.
|
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{
"display_name": "PLOS ONE",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S202381698",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
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"type": "repository"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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https://openalex.org/W2032653025
|
Anemia among children aged 2–5 years in the Gaza Strip- Palestinian: a cross sectional study
|
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"display_name": "Rima Rafiq El Kishawi",
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"display_name": "Universiti Sains Malaysia",
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"display_name": "Yacine Abed",
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"display_name": "Universiti Sains Malaysia",
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Wan Abdul Manan Wan Muda",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017713198"
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[
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778248108"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2032653025
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Anemia is a major public health problem worldwide, with adverse consequences on child growth, development, and survival. This deficiency has affected approximately a quarter of the world population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia and the associated factors among preschool children in the Gaza Strip. A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and September 2012. A total of 357 preschool children were selected using multistage sampling method from Jabalya refugee camp, El Remal urban area, and Al Qarara rural area. Hemoglobin level was measured, and anemia diagnosis was confirmed at a level <11.0 g/dL. In this study, we utilized a pretested questionnaire for face to face interview with mothers. Anthropometric indicators for children were measured using the WHO guideline. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the prevalence and associated factors of anemia. The overall prevalence of anemia was 59.7% among preschool children in the Gaza Strip, 46.5% and 13.5% of which are mild and moderate, respectively. The mean hemoglobin level was 10.83 ± 0.86 g/dl. Children living in Jabalya refugee camp have a high risk of anemia [adjusted b= −0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI;-0.72,-0.39); p < 0.001]. Boys were more susceptible to this deficiency than girls [adjusted b = 0.17; 95% CI (0.0.01, 0.33); p = 0.031]. Hemoglobin level increased with age [adjusted b = 0.02; 95% CI (0.01, 0.03); p < 0.001]. Hemoglobin level decreased in children living in poor households [adjusted b = −0.24; 95%CI (−0.41,-0.06); p = 0.006]. Underweight children were more susceptible to anemia than normal weight children [adjusted b = − 0.22; 95% CI (−0.41, −0.03); p = 0.025]. The prevalence of anemia among preschool children in the Gaza Strip was higher than those reported in previous local studies, indicating that anemia is a major public health problem. In this study, we also observed mild and moderate cases among children, whereas severe anemia was not observed. Independent predictors of anemia were geographic location, sex, age, monthly income, and malnutrition. Results provided the baseline information on anemia, therefore, especial attention should be given on intervention of anemia.
|
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S200437886",
"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
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|
https://openalex.org/W1998061906
|
Gender differences in nutritional status and feeding patterns among infants in the Gaza Strip.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "University of Michigan–Ann Arbor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I27837315",
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"display_name": "Michael Schoenbaum",
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{
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"display_name": "Yacine Abed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044581654"
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{
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{
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[
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1998061906
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This study examined gender variation in nutritional treatment and anthropometric status of infants in the Gaza Strip. Numerous studies have documented gender differences in health status in developing areas, generally finding boys to be at an advantage over girls. Social and economic characteristics in Gaza suggest that one might expect preferential treatment of boys there.The study used data on two samples of infants 0 to 18 months of age collected from five health centers in Gaza. A variety of different analytic methods were used to look for gender differences in feeding patterns, prevalence of malnutrition, and anthropometric status.Although some differences in nutritional treatment and anthropometric outcome for infants of different socioeconomic status and between the earlier and later samples were found, no consistent gender differences were revealed.The findings are consistent with several different explanations. First, expectations of finding gender differences may have been unfounded. Alternatively, such differences may have existed previously but have been eliminated through successful public health intervention, rising levels of education, and economic development.
|
[
{
"display_name": "American Journal of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S168049282",
"type": "journal"
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"type": "repository"
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https://openalex.org/W3025177156
|
Social and Economic Impact of School Closure during the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Quick Online Survey in the Gaza Strip
|
[
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"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
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"display_name": "Eqbal Radwan",
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[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3025177156
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In response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many countries had implemented school closures by March 6, 2020. This study aimed to evaluate the social and economic impact of school closure on the students’ families. Households were surveyed using an online questionnaire interview to obtain information on adherence to, socio-economic impact by and inconveniences of school closure. The current study showed that school closures have profound economic and social consequences in the Gaza Strip. Most of the interviewed households (88.1%) were supportive of the school closure, whereas only 11.9% did not support it. Despite the restriction on attending gatherings or visiting public places, 30.5% of the school student visited relatives, 8.5% went to public places, and 3.4% went to parents’ workplaces. Overall, 25.4% of the interviewed households reported workplace absenteeism, whereas the highest percentage (74.6%) were not absenteeism from their work. The economic harms of school closures are high, where 77.9% of households reported their wage loss during the closure. The daily wage lost per household ranged from 3 to 265 ILS.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Pedagogical research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210202433",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W1977478156
|
Overweight, stunting, and anemia are public health problems among low socioeconomic groups in school adolescents (12-15 years) in the North Gaza Strip
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1977478156
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The objective of the study was to describe sociodemographic differences in nutritional status among school adolescents aged 12 to 15 years in north Gaza Strip. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2002 comprising 1022 students from 10 schools in Gaza city, Jabalia village, and Jabalia refugee camp. Height, weight, and hemoglobin levels were measured to assess nutritional status. Self-administered questionnaires were administered to students and parents to obtain data on sociodemographic characteristics. The prevalence of overweight/obesity, stunting, and anemia in the total sample was 17.9%, 9.7%, and 49.6%, respectively. More overweight/obese girls than boys were found (20.2% vs 15.4%). In girls, being from a low-income residential area, having employed fathers, and having reached puberty had highest risk of overweight/obesity, whereas in boys, those with medium socioeconomic status (SES) had the lowest risk of overweight. The mean height-for-age percentile was generally low for both sexes compared with the National Center for Health Statistics/World Health Organization reference, but stunting was more common in boys than girls (13.7% vs 6.2%). Age was positively associated with risk of stunting in boys, whereas in girls, SES and mother's education were negatively associated with stunting. Anemia prevalence was high in both girls and boys (51.3% vs 47.9%). Age and onset of puberty had an independent negative effect on anemia among boys. Girls from nuclear families and from Jabalia village had higher risk of being anemic. In conclusion, undernutrition and overnutrition coexisted in the study area. Anemia, stunting, and overweight among the adolescents are public health problems, especially among low SES groups that merit attention.
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S123713480",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2949814253
|
Gaza’s Great March of Return: humanitarian emergency and the silence of international health professionals
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2949814253
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### Summary box
On 28 February 2019, an independent international commission formed by the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) submitted the findings of a report investigating concerns for violations of international and human rights laws as a result of the Great March of Return protests in the Gaza Strip.1 The protests, commencing on 30 March 2018 and continuing every Friday until this …
|
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|
https://openalex.org/W2073390910
|
Nutritional status of Palestinian preschoolers in the Gaza Strip: a cross-sectional study
|
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2073390910
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The authors examined factors associated with nutritional resilience/vulnerability among preschoolers in the Gaza Strip in 2007, where political violence and deprivation are widespread. This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2007 using random sampling of kindergartens in order to select 350 preschoolers. Binary logistic regression was used to compare resilient (adequate nutrition) and vulnerable (stunted) groups with those with moderate nutrition. Approximately 37% of the subjects demonstrated nutritional resilience and 15% were vulnerable. Factors associated with nutritional resilience were child younger age, normal birth weight, actively hand- or spoon-feeding when the child was below two years, and residential stability in the past two years. The only factor associated with nutritional vulnerability was lower total score on the mother's General Health Questionnaire, which we interpret as a marker of maternal mental health. Children with low-birth weight and older children had worse nutritional resiliency outcomes. Further, poorer outcomes for children were associated with lower maternal mental health status, as well as increased family residential instability. Our results add to the large literature on the pervasive effects of violence and instability on children and underscore the need for resources for early intervention and for the urgent resolution of the Palestinian and other armed conflicts.
|
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|
https://openalex.org/W2275059336
|
Prevalence of malnutrition and intestinal parasites among preschool children in the Gaza strip.
|
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"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
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{
"display_name": "Iron deficiency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777417653"
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"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
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{
"display_name": "Immunology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C203014093"
},
{
"display_name": "Anemia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778248108"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2275059336
|
Helminthiasis is one of the public health problems worldwide. This is especially true in Gaza Strip. This study demonstrated the parasites prevalent among mal-nutritional preschool-children according to the anthropometric cutoff points (WHO 2007) and their family socio-demographic variability.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2755338415",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3155420531
|
Adolescent access to health services in fragile and conflict-affected contexts: The case of the Gaza Strip
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Al-Quds University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I21215505",
"lat": 31.755907,
"long": 35.26138,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Bassam Abu Hamad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5061038849"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "Overseas Development Institute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I167147083",
"lat": 51.50467,
"long": -0.104279,
"type": "nonprofit"
}
],
"display_name": "Nicola Jones",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5047331568"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ingrid Gercama",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020297125"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Focus group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56995899"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychosocial",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150966472"
},
{
"display_name": "Mental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134362201"
},
{
"display_name": "Reproductive health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121752807"
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{
"display_name": "Health services research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780877353"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Adolescent health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778063736"
},
{
"display_name": "Qualitative research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Developmental psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138496976"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Social science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849"
},
{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W2025705928",
"https://openalex.org/W2773111917",
"https://openalex.org/W2800491443",
"https://openalex.org/W2808921683",
"https://openalex.org/W2901467674",
"https://openalex.org/W2913341834",
"https://openalex.org/W2922604115",
"https://openalex.org/W2947423864",
"https://openalex.org/W2991099122",
"https://openalex.org/W2996855667",
"https://openalex.org/W3015090293",
"https://openalex.org/W3035213292",
"https://openalex.org/W3112516004"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3155420531
|
Abstract Background Enjoyment of physical and mental health is not only recognized as a human right but also as an integral part of development, as reflected in Sustainable Development Goal 3 – to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. The rapid physical and psychosocial changes that take place during adolescence have a strong influence on the rest of a person’s life course, so investments in adolescent health services constitute a unique opportunity to reap inter-generational dividends. Yet the evidence base on adolescents’ access to health services, particularly in conflict-affected contexts, remains thin. This article explores adolescents’ access to health services in the Gaza Strip, and their experiences and perceptions of those services. Methods The article draws on mixed methods research in the Gaza Strip conducted in 2016 and 2017 as part of the Gender and Adolescence: Global Evidence research programme. Data were collected from 240 male and female adolescents combining in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and a tablet-based survey. This study also draws on a participatory action pilot project engaging 12 boys and 23 adolescent girls aged 15–19 years old. Results The findings underscore that gender norms—especially those pertaining to adolescent girls’ sexual purity––shape adolescent health in multiple ways. Girls face increasing restrictions on their mobility, leaving them with limited opportunities for leisure or exercise, socializing with peers or seeking health services and information. Adolescent boys in Gaza do not face the same restrictions, but given the multiple political, economic and familial stressors, they are at high risk of substance abuse including smoking and involvement in peer violence. Moreover, our findings suggest that a range of socioeconomic, cultural and structural barriers prevent adolescents in Gaza from accessing quality and appropriate health care. Study participants cited the main challenges being an absence of preventive adolescent health initiatives and limited information on sexual and reproductive health, as well as drug shortages, high treatment costs, and inappropriate interactions with service providers. Conclusions The article highlights the importance of designing and implementing conflict-sensitive and age- and gender-appropriate adolescent services and information and promoting preventive services targeted at adolescents.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Conflict and Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S77607499",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "Research Square (Research Square)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2402696740
|
A critical review of the infectious diseases surveillance system in the Gaza Strip
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Rabih Awad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5064399975"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Al Rahman Omer A",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5062047312"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Abu Shahla N",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5047679278"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Communicable disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018443061"
},
{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Epidemiological surveillance",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62558387"
},
{
"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524204448"
},
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical emergency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C545542383"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2402696740
|
The development and strengthening of national surveillance systems is a key part of communicable disease control. This review article describes and evaluates the Palestinian surveillance system and discusses the role of the epidemiology departments and other health providers in Gaza Strip in reporting infectious diseases, considers the use of the data collected, and makes recommendations for strengthening infectious diseases surveillance. Underreporting of infectious diseases remains a major problem in communicable diseases surveillance. Recommendations include the unification of the reporting forms between different health providers, increased involvement of health providers in reporting of infectious diseases, and complete separation of surveillance and clinical activities in epidemiology departments.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S175879142",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2966038178
|
Patient safety culture among nurses working in Palestinian governmental hospital: a pathway to a new policy
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Nasser Ibrahim Abu-El-Noor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037929578"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Mysoon Khalil Abu-El-Noor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054589593"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Yousef Abuowda",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032485218"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "University of Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I59206443",
"lat": 31.479546,
"long": 34.40502,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Maha Alfaqawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004201364"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Bettina Böttcher",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059371531"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Patient safety",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779328685"
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{
"display_name": "Likert scale",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105776082"
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{
"display_name": "Specialty",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C20387591"
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{
"display_name": "Safety culture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779240384"
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{
"display_name": "Health administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137992405"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C518773536"
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{
"display_name": "Scale (ratio)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778755073"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Developmental psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138496976"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
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{
"display_name": "Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187736073"
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{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
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[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
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"https://openalex.org/W2121682106",
"https://openalex.org/W2123706776",
"https://openalex.org/W2124935756",
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"https://openalex.org/W2443675770",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2966038178
|
Providing safe care helps to reduce mortality, morbidity, length of hospital stay and cost. Patient safety is highly linked to attitudes of health care providers, where those with more positive attitudes achieve higher degrees of patient safety. This study aimed to assess attitudes of nurses working in governmental hospitals in the Gaza-Strip toward patient safety and to examine factors impacting their attitudes. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a convenient sample of 424 nurses, working in four governmental hospitals. The Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire III, a validated tool consisting of 29 items that assesses patient safety attitudes across nine main domains, was used. Nurses working in governmental hospitals showed overall only slightly positive attitudes toward patient safety with a total score of 3.68 on a 5-point Likert scale, although only 41.9% reported receiving patient safety training previously. The most positive attitudes to patient safety were found in the domains of ‘working hours as a cause of error’ and ‘team functioning’ with scores of 3.94 and 3.93 respectively, whereas the most negative attitudes were found in ‘importance of patient safety in the curriculum’ with a score of 2.92. Most of the study variables, such as age and years of experience, did not impact on nurses’ attitudes. On the other hand, some variables, such as the specialty and the hospital, were found to significantly influence reported patient safety attitudes with nurses working in surgical specialties, showing more positive attitudes. Despite the insufficient patient safety training received by the participants in this study, they showed slightly positive attitudes toward patient safety with some variations among different hospitals and departments. A special challenge will be for nursing educators to integrate patient safety in the curriculum, as a large proportion of the participants did not find inclusion of patient safety in the curriculum useful. Therefore, this part of the curriculum in nurses’ training should be targeted and developed to be related to clinical practice. Moreover, hospital management has to develop non-punitive reporting systems for adverse events and use them as an opportunity to learn from them.
|
[
{
"display_name": "BMC Health Services Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S12898181",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2740485719
|
Fatalities and injuries in the 2014 Gaza conflict: a descriptive study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Al-Quds University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I21215505",
"lat": 31.755907,
"long": 35.26138,
"type": "education"
},
{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "Faculty of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210120717",
"lat": 51.525337,
"long": -0.14523,
"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Yacine Abed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044581654"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jamaica",
"display_name": "Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210163957",
"lat": 17.99702,
"long": -76.79358,
"type": "government"
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"display_name": "Seham Abu Haddaf",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5015305279"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Case fatality rate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187316915"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Descriptive statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39896193"
},
{
"display_name": "Occupational safety and health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187155963"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical emergency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C545542383"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Statistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C105795698"
},
{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2740485719
|
BackgroundDeaths and injuries during conflict are a growing public health problem that requires urgent attention. We aimed to describe mortality and injuries among Palestinians in Gaza Strip and to assess effects on health system performance during the 2014 war.MethodsThe study was based on analysis of data available in the Health Information Centre in Gaza, after ethical and administrative permissions had been obtained. Data covered all of the Gaza Strip population. We calculated numbers of injuries and deaths per 100 000 population, case fatality for conflict-related injuries, and Dirty War Index (DWI: a public health tool that systematically identifies rates of particularly undesirable or prohibited war outcomes—so-called dirty war outcomes).FindingsDuring the 51 days of war, 11 228 injuries (6487 per 100 000) and 2147 deaths (1241 per 100 000) were reported. Overall case fatality was 19·1%; the highest case fatality was reported in Rafah (39·1%), and case fatality in El Najar hospital was 45·4%. The DWI highlighted the suffering of children, women, and older people. The DWI was 46·2% for mortality and 56·5% for injuries. Dirty war outcomes were not limited to killed and injured people but extended to health institutions, ambulances, and health staff. Local community hospitals succeeded in admission of more than 95% of injured people in each governorate. Cases referred to the major hospital (Shifa) in Gaza Strip were mainly from Gaza city (83%).InterpretationOur findings indicate the presence of dirty war outcomes, as defined by the DWI, in the 2014 conflict and highlight the strains placed on the health system in Gaza, which has been severely affected by the frequent attacks. Community hospitals and the non-governmental sector have to be supported to enable them to face emergencies.FundingNone.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Lancet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2331681509
|
Quality of life of people wounded in the Gaza war
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mysoon Khalil Abu-El-Noor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054589593"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Nasser Ibrahim Abu-El-Noor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037929578"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
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"display_name": "Quality of life (healthcare)",
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
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"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
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[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Israel"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2331681509
|
In the last eight years, there have been three wars between Israel and the Gaza Strip. The last war (2014) continued for 51 days and left 2191 dead and 10 895 wounded. This study aimed to assess quality of life (QOL) of people wounded in the 2014 war in Gaza strip. A cross sectional, descriptive design was used in this study. QOL was assessed by World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. Three-hundred-and-hour patients participated in this study. The means for items of the WHOQOL-PREF ranged between 1.08 and 2.44 and the means of 18 items below two. Mean scores for the main domains of QOL were very low with an overall QOL score of 3.94 (maximum 8). Several variables such as age and need for hospitalization impacted the level of QOL of participants. The 2014 war left many people injured. The scores of their QOL were very low in all domains of QOL. These results should call the attention of health and public policy makers to take prompt actions to improve QOL of this group of people.
|
[
{
"display_name": "British Journal of Healthcare Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2765034150",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W35047162
|
Evaluation of the impact of oral rehydration therapy on the outcome of diarrheal disease in a large community.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lasch Ee",
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Yacine Abed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044581654"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "A Guenina",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5085132534"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Hassan Na",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5022070752"
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{
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"display_name": "Abu Amara",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5060654549"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Kamilia Fouad Abdallah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000437800"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Oral rehydration therapy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777717012"
},
{
"display_name": "Diarrheal disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020710733"
},
{
"display_name": "Diarrhea",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779802037"
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{
"display_name": "Malnutrition",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C551997983"
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{
"display_name": "Diarrheal diseases",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2911096278"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Health services",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2986740045"
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{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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[
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W35047162
|
Diarrheal diseases are a serious public health problem in the Gaza Strip, being the most important cause of hospitalization in infants and responsible for about half of postneonatal deaths, Oral rehydration therapy using oral rehydration solution (ORS), a formula recommended by WHO, has been proven effective in the treatment of dehydration in acute childhood diarrhea. The availability of a well-organized health service in Gaza provided an excellent opportunity to institute a large-scale project to evaluate the effectiveness of early ORS therapy in reducing diarrhea-related hospital admissions, mortality and malnutrition. A 3-year program was started in 1979, encompassing all community health centers and including intensive community education in the use of ORS. Compared with the prestudy year 1977, diarrhea-related hospital admissions were reduced by 35.3% in 1980 and 42.0% in 1981; hospital deaths from diarrheal diseases were reduced 34.4 and 37.4% in 1980 and 1981, respectively. Total deaths in the 0- to 3-year age-group were reduced by 28.7% in 1980 and by 41.7% in 1981. Diarrheal mortality was reduced by 35.6% in 1980 and 53.2% in 1981. This study succeeded in establishing active community and family participation.Diarrheal diseases are a serious public health problem in the Gaza Strip: they are the most important cause of hospitalization in infants and are responsible for about 1/2 of the postneonatal deaths. Oral rehydration therapy using oral rehydration solution (ORS), a formula recommended by the World Health Organization, has been proven effective in the treatment of dehydration in acute childhood diarrhea. The availability of a well-organized health service in Gaza provided an excellent opportunity to institute a large-scale project to evaluate the effectiveness of early ORS therapy in reducing diarrhea-related hospital admissions, mortality, and malnutrition. A 3-year program was begun in 1979, encompassing all community health centers and including intensive community education in ORS use. Compared with the prestudy year 1977, diarrhea-related hospital admissions were reduced by 35.3% in 1980 and 42.0% in 1981; hospital deaths from diarrheal diseases were reduced 34.4 and 37.4% in 1980 and 1981, respectively. Total deaths in the 0-3 year age group were reduced by 28.7% in 1980 and by 41.7% in 1981. Diarrheal mortality was reduced by 35.6% in 1980 and 53.2% in 1981. This study succeeded in establishing active community and family participation.
|
[
{
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|
https://openalex.org/W2329810012
|
The mortality in Gaza in July—September 2014: a retrospective chart-review study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Arild Vaktskjold",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5038575586"
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{
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{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "University of Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I59206443",
"lat": 31.479546,
"long": 34.40502,
"type": "education"
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{
"country": "Switzerland",
"display_name": "World Health Organization",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210105654",
"lat": 46.20222,
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"type": "government"
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"display_name": "Mohammad Yaghi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072325351"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "University of Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I59206443",
"lat": 31.479546,
"long": 34.40502,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Usama Balawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5053665905"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Norway",
"display_name": "Norwegian Institute of Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1333353642",
"lat": 59.91273,
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"type": "government"
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],
"display_name": "Bjørn G. Iversen",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008483917"
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{
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{
"country": "Egypt",
"display_name": "World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210105726",
"lat": 30.06688,
"long": 31.35298,
"type": "government"
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"display_name": "Wendy Venter",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5035616028"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
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{
"display_name": "Cause of death",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C29374701"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
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{
"display_name": "Mortality rate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C179755657"
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{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
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{
"display_name": "Disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460"
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{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
}
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[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Israel"
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"https://openalex.org/W2163867457",
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"https://openalex.org/W2295081439",
"https://openalex.org/W2608252458",
"https://openalex.org/W4241566815"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2329810012
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The majority of Gazans who were killed or injured in the 2014 Israel-Gaza war were civilians, and one-fourth of the population were internally displaced. As the Gaza Strip is a small territory, the whole population was exposed to the war and its effects on the health care system, supplies and infrastructure. Our aim was to assess the overall, sex and age-group mortality in Gaza for the period July-September 2014 that was not caused by war injuries, and the proportion of non-trauma deaths among adults that occurred outside hospital wards. A comparison was made with the mortality for the same period in 2013.Date, sex, age, cause and place of each death that was not attributed to war-related physical trauma were collected from death notification forms or death records in Gaza hospitals for the period 01 July to 30 September 2014. The same information was extracted from the local death register for all deaths in the same period in 2013.The mean age at death was 52.4 years in 2014 and 49.7 in 2013, and about 50 % were older than 60 years in both years. The crude non-trauma death rates among adults were 11.6 per 10,000 population in 2014 and 11.3 in 2013, and the age standardised 13.2 and 12.4, respectively. Higher death rates in 2014 were observed among elderly and women. Cardiovascular disease was the most common cause of death among adults of both sexes, and infectious diseases caused less than 10 % in both periods. Three maternal deaths were observed in 2013 and six in 2014 (p = 0.17). The proportion of deaths that occurred in a hospital ward was 71.5 % in 2013 and 51.2 % in 2014.The mortality from communicable diseases was low in Gaza. We did not detect a higher overall background mortality in the 2014 period compared to 2013, but the observed age and sex distribution differed. The proportion of non-trauma deaths among adults that occurred in a hospital ward was markedly lower during the war. The living conditions and health care situation in Gaza point to the need for close monitoring of mortality.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Conflict and Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S77607499",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3023618025
|
Treating patients in a safe environment: a cross-sectional study of patient safety attitudes among doctors in the Gaza Strip, Palestine
|
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Maha Alfaqawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004201364"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Bettina Böttcher",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059371531"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Yousef Abuowda",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032485218"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Enas Alaloul",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5065221044"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Ibrahem Elnajjar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5072267230"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Somaya Elhout",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076650402"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Mysoon Khalil Abu-El-Noor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5054589593"
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{
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{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Nasser Ibrahim Abu-El-Noor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5037929578"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Patient safety",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779328685"
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{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
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{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Health administration",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C137992405"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
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"https://openalex.org/W1963719759",
"https://openalex.org/W1975677132",
"https://openalex.org/W2021825944",
"https://openalex.org/W2028351868",
"https://openalex.org/W2038401197",
"https://openalex.org/W2044320580",
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"https://openalex.org/W2062054568",
"https://openalex.org/W2097875399",
"https://openalex.org/W2101341147",
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"https://openalex.org/W2144780600",
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"https://openalex.org/W2158614279",
"https://openalex.org/W2170446990",
"https://openalex.org/W2413420491",
"https://openalex.org/W2568387219",
"https://openalex.org/W2572733121",
"https://openalex.org/W2625741560",
"https://openalex.org/W2761968017",
"https://openalex.org/W2790971126",
"https://openalex.org/W2791427524",
"https://openalex.org/W2791570886",
"https://openalex.org/W2842401170",
"https://openalex.org/W2844316854",
"https://openalex.org/W2846589944",
"https://openalex.org/W2887835659",
"https://openalex.org/W2891125414",
"https://openalex.org/W2896371241",
"https://openalex.org/W2913683470",
"https://openalex.org/W2914592957",
"https://openalex.org/W2916435971",
"https://openalex.org/W2964511790",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3023618025
|
Abstract Background Patient safety is important, as in increasingly complex medical systems, the potential for unintended harm to patients also increases. This study assessed the attitudes of doctors in the Gaza Strip towards patient safety and medical error. It also explored variables that impacted their attitudes. Methods Doctors, working for at least 6 months in one of the four major government hospitals of the Gaza Strip, were invited to complete a 28-item, self-administered Arabic version of the Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire III (APSQ-III); which assessed patient safety attitudes over nine domains, independent of the workplace. Results A total of 150 doctors from four government hospitals participated in this study, representing 43.5% of all 345 doctors working in the four study hospitals at the time of the study. The mean age was 36.6 (±9.7) years. The majority (72.7%) were males, 28.7% worked in surgical, 26.7% in pediatric, 23.3% in medical, 16.7% in obstetrics and gynecology, and 4.7% in other departments. Most participants (62.0%) had never received patient safety training. The overall APSQ score was 3.58 ± 0.3 (of a maximum of 5). The highest score was received by the domain “Working hours as a cause of errors” (4.16) and the lowest score by “Importance of Patient Safety in the Curriculum” (3.25). Older doctors with more professional experience had significantly higher scores than younger doctors ( p = 0.003), demonstrating more positive attitudes toward patient safety. Furthermore, patient safety attitudes became more positive with increasing years of experience in some domains. However, no significant impact on overall APSQ scores was found by workplace, specialty or whether the participants had received previous training about patient safety. Conclusion Doctors in Gaza demonstrated relatively positive patient safety attitudes in areas of “team functioning” and “working hours as a cause for error”, but neutral attitudes in understanding medical error or patient safety training within the curriculum. Patient safety concepts appear to be acquired by doctors via informal learning over time in the job. Inclusion of such concepts into formal postgraduate curricula might improve patient safety attitudes among younger and less experienced doctors, support behaviour change and improve patient outcomes.
|
[
{
"display_name": "BMC Health Services Research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S12898181",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2789093281
|
The effects of the Israeli siege on health provision in the Gaza Strip: a qualitative and theoretical analysis
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Bucknell University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I131221577",
"lat": 40.9546,
"long": -76.8836,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ron J. Smith",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5000152404"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Siege",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C186857363"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
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},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C47344431"
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"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
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] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2789093281
|
BackgroundSiege, a process of political domination aimed at isolating an entire population, is a unique threat to health-care provision. The aim of this study was to qualitatively examine the effects of the Israeli siege on the practices and systems that underlie health in the Gaza Strip.MethodsData were from participant observation between 2009 and 2017, including 20 interviews with doctors and health administrators in non-governmental organisations (NGO), government, and UN sectors. All participants were provided with a description of the study and provided written consent to participate. The study was approved through the Human Subjects Review process at Bucknell University and the University of Washington. The data were analysed using a critical political economic framework, based on the concepts of primitive accumulation, accumulation by dispossession, surplus populations, and de-development. These analytical frames are further developed to interpret neoliberal trends in health-care systems organising and financing as they apply in the distorted social and economic context of siege.FindingsThe elimination of political sovereignty through the twin processes of occupation and siege are the primary impediments to the successful promotion of public health in the Gaza Strip. Findings indicate that siege impinges on effective health-care provision by withholding materials and resources and undermining the health care at a systems level. These strains pose considerable threats to health care, within the ministry of health and among other entities in the Gaza Strip that deliver care. Gazan society is divested of the underpinnings necessary for a well functioning sovereign health-care infrastructure. Instead of a self-governing, independent system, this analysis reveals a system that is comprised of captive clients who are entirely dependent on Israel, international bodies, and the aid industry for goods and services, with no means of independent development.InterpretationThe siege represents a totalising social determinant of public health in the Gaza Strip, and it has significant and deliberate deleterious effects on the provision of medical care and exacerbates problems in overstretched medical services. These findings point to the importance of foregrounding the geopolitical context for analysis of medical service delivery within conflict settings. The data indicate formative trends in health-care provision in the Gaza Strip. Although the siege creates a seemingly unique economic context for analysis of health-care provision, critical analyses that deconstruct the depredations of neoliberalism in the health-care setting provide a useful framework for analysis of the failings of the health-care sector. Indeed, health-care providers are in an impossible position of attempting to provide quality care without the ability to coordinate with their colleagues in other sectors, and without substantial support from the international community. The final analysis also highlights the importance of advocating for sovereignty and self-determination as related to health systems, and it suggests that successful health-care provision is impossible without a strong analysis of the political and economic context.FundingBucknell University.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Lancet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2925078925
|
Modification of the impact of access to water on childhood diarrhoea by socioeconomic status in the Gaza Strip from 2000 to 2014: a cross-sectional study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
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"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210089966",
"lat": 51.5209,
"long": -0.1307,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Victoria Ponce Hardy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050976510"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "An-Najah National University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I17533244",
"lat": 32.22037,
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"display_name": "Amira Shaheen",
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"country": "United Kingdom",
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"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine",
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"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Ai Milojevic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5082787718"
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"display_name": "Socioeconomic status",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Odds ratio",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C156957248"
},
{
"display_name": "Logistic regression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151956035"
},
{
"display_name": "Odds",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143095724"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
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{
"display_name": "Socioeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
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"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2925078925
|
BackgroundAccess to unsafe water is a concern in the Gaza Strip, where water supplies continue to degrade owing to regional sanctions, bombardment, and mismanagement. Our previous study found that decreased access to public water networks was associated with increased diarrhoea prevalence in children younger than 5 years in the Gaza Strip. This study examined the role of socioeconomic status as an effect modifier in this association.MethodsWe used data from five consecutive demographic health surveys and multiple indicator cluster surveys conducted by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics in 2000, 2004, 2006/2007 (December, 2006, to March, 2007), 2010, and 2014. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to pooled data with prevalence of diarrhoea as the outcome and access to water as the main exposure of interest, with adjustment for age, sex, governorate, and survey year (to adjust for the seasons or other administrative conditions, for each survey). Access to water was characterised by the type of source, namely piped, other improved (eg, public standpipe, borehole, protected dug well, protected spring, and rainwater collection), or unimproved, as defined by the WHO. We defined socioeconomic status in the analysis using maternal education, refugee status, and locality type (urban, rural, or camp).FindingsThe odds ratio (OR) of diarrhoea for children with access to unimproved water sources was higher than for those with access to piped water sources when mothers had only primary education (OR 1·35; 95% CI 1·07–1·71) than when mothers also had secondary or higher education (1·09; 0·93–1·27). The OR for children in camps was 1·32 (1·10–1·57) compared with 1·19 in urban areas (1·05–1·36). Point estimates of ORs suggested strong effect modification by refugee status, although with wider CIs for non-registered refugee children (4·95; 1·58–15·55) than for registered refugees (1·35; 1·18–1·53) or non-refugees (1·18; 1·07–1·43).InterpretationOur results suggest that, in the Gaza strip, children with lower socioeconomic status experience a greater burden of diarrhoea morbidity risk than children with higher socioeconomic status, even when using the same type of water source. Changes to policy are required to address such disproportionate burden of diarrhoea risk in the occupied Palestinian territory.FundingNone.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Lancet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "LSHTM Research Online\n (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4377196261",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2739556391
|
Prevalence of non-communicable diseases and use of health services in the Gaza Strip: an analysis of a household survey
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210146208",
"lat": 31.95522,
"long": 35.94503,
"type": "nonprofit"
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{
"country": "United Kingdom",
"display_name": "University of Edinburgh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I98677209",
"lat": 55.95206,
"long": -3.19648,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Majdi Ashour",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5036726852"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Al-Azhar University – Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I132358288",
"lat": 31.515,
"long": 34.43667,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ali Abou Zaid",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5048536575"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Refugee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845"
},
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Non-communicable disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776577793"
},
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Odds ratio",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C156957248"
},
{
"display_name": "Odds",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C143095724"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Gerontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74909509"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Logistic regression",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151956035"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2739556391
|
BackgroundThere is a growing need for and interest in targeting non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Gaza Strip. However, little is known about their distribution among different population groups and about the use of health services by patients with NCDs. We aimed to identify the differences in prevalence of NCDs and use of health-care services among different groups of patients with NCDs in the Gaza Strip.MethodsWe interviewed 760 households in the Gaza Strip in July, 2013, about the characteristics of household members, including occurrence of NCDs, and their use of and expenditures on health services. We analysed data according to the frequency distribution of variables and used χ2 testing to assess the statistical difference between grouped variables.Findings661 (12·7%) of the 5192 individuals had at least one NCD. Prevalence of NCDs was higher among refugees than non-refugees (485 [13.4%] of 3618 vs 176 [10·5%] of 1574; odds ratio [OR] 1·23, 95% CI 1·023–1·477; p=0·027) and was associated with increasing age (Cramer's V=0·545): at least one NCD was reported in 78 (2·9%) of 2699 individuals aged less than 20 years, 110 (7·5%) of 1470 aged 20–39 years (OR 4·237, 95% CI 3·19–5·628), 248 (35·4%) of 701 aged 40–59 years (28·679, 21·091–38·995), and 225 (69·9%) of 322 aged 60 years or older (77·944, 56·165–108·169; p<0·0001). 545 (82·5%) of the 661 patients with NCDs regularly accessed health services at least once every 3 months. The choice of health provider for regular care for NCDs differed by refugee status; 327 (85·8%) of 381 refugee patients compared with 121 (73·8%) of 164 non-refugee patients chose public providers for the regular care of their NCDs (OR 2·152, 95% CI 1·37–3·38; p=0·001).InterpretationThe prevalence of NCDs is positively associated with increasing age. Entitlement to health care in the Gaza Strip through refugee status contributed to increasing the detection of NCDs and refugee status influenced the choice of health-care provider for NCDs. There is a need to expand entitlement to health services to achieve universal access to health care in order to respond to the increasing challenge of NCDs in the Gaza Strip.FundingWHO 2013 special grant for Priority Areas in Public Health in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.
|
[
{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
}
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|
https://openalex.org/W3033973704
|
Prevalence and predictors of overweight and obesity among women in the Gaza strip-Palestine: a cross-sectional study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Al-Quds University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I21215505",
"lat": 31.755907,
"long": 35.26138,
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],
"display_name": "Rima Rafiq El Kishawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014997667"
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Malaysia",
"display_name": "Universiti Sains Malaysia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I139322472",
"lat": 5.356944,
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],
"display_name": "Kah Leng Soo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030503713"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Al-Quds University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I21215505",
"lat": 31.755907,
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"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Yacine Abed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044581654"
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Malaysia",
"display_name": "Universiti Sains Malaysia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I139322472",
"lat": 5.356944,
"long": 100.30139,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Wan Abdul Manan Wan Muda",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017713198"
}
] |
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{
"display_name": "Overweight",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586474"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011"
},
{
"display_name": "Body mass index",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780221984"
},
{
"display_name": "Waist",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776193436"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C140556311"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C61427482"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
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"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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[
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"https://openalex.org/W2126020752",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3033973704
|
The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of childbearing age is considered a public health concern. Few studies have been conducted in the Gaza Strip to determine the magnitude of overweight and obesity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity along with their associated factors among women in the Gaza Strip.A cross-sectional study was conducted to recruit a total of 357 mothers aged 18-50 years. Interviews were carried out among mothers to collect sociodemographic information, nutritional information, and physical activity. Anthropometric measurements [height, weight and waist circumference (WC)] were conducted with the mothers. Body Mass Index (BMI) was computed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the associated factors of overweight and obesity.The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity among mothers was (64.1%). The results of multinomial logistic regression showed the risk of overweight and obesity increased with age, the highest risk being in mothers aged > 33.0 years (OR = 2.7, 95% CI: (1.06,6.86)), and (OR = 5.72, 95% CI: (2.07,15.78)), respectively, compared to mothers aged < 33.0 years. Moreover, mothers with medium and high educational levels had a slightly higher risk of obesity (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: (0.15,0.64)), and (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: (0.12,0.82)) respectively than mothers with low educational level. Household income was positively associated with overweight and obesity. Mothers exposed to higher monthly income were more likely to be overweight or obese (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: (1.20, 5.83)), and (OR = 3.06, 95% CI: (1.28,7.29)), respectively. Nutrition knowledge was significantly associated with a high prevalence of obesity (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: (1.03,1.38)).This study showed a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity among Palestinian women than previous studies. Age, educational level, monthly income, and nutrition knowledge were associated with the prevalence of overweight and obesity, compared to other variables that were not associated with overweight and obesity such as location, work status, physical activity, and sitting hours. Urgent action is needed to tackle overweight and obesity among women. Effective intervention is required to increase nutrition knowledge among women to improve their eating behaviors.
|
[
{
"display_name": "BMC Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S200437886",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4224224052
|
Climate Change and Diarrhoeal Disease Burdens in the Gaza Strip, Palestine: Health Impacts of 1.5 °C and 2 °C Global Warming Scenarios
|
[
{
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"display_name": "London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210089966",
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],
"display_name": "Shakoor Hajat",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039564393"
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{
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{
"country": "Germany",
"display_name": "Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I8204097",
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],
"display_name": "David Gampe",
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Belgium",
"display_name": "United Nations University Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I136930763",
"lat": 51.218163,
"long": 3.230847,
"type": "facility"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4224224052
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The Gaza Strip is one of the world’s most fragile states and faces substantial public health and development challenges. Climate change is intensifying existing environmental problems, including increased water stress. We provide the first published assessment of climate impacts on diarrhoeal disease in Gaza and project future health burdens under climate change scenarios. Over 1 million acute diarrhoea cases presenting to health facilities during 2009−2020 were linked to weekly temperature and rainfall data and associations assessed using time-series regression analysis employing distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs). Models were applied to climate projections to estimate future burdens of diarrhoeal disease under 2 °C and 1.5 °C global warming scenarios. There was a significantly raised risk of diarrhoeal disease associated with both mean weekly temperature above 19 °C and total weekly rainfall below 6 mm in children 0−3 years. A heat effect was also present in subjects aged > 3 years. Annual diarrhoea cases attributable to heat and low rainfall was 2209.0 and 4070.3, respectively, in 0−3-year-olds. In both age-groups, heat-related cases could rise by over 10% under a 2 °C global warming level compared to baseline, but would be limited to below 2% under a 1.5 °C scenario. Mean rises of 0.9% and 2.7% in diarrhoea cases associated with reduced rainfall are projected for the 1.5 °C and 2 °C scenarios, respectively, in 0−3-year-olds. Climate change impacts will add to the considerable development challenges already faced by the people of Gaza. Substantial health gains could be achieved if global warming is limited to 1.5 °C.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S15239247",
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https://openalex.org/W2614701078
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EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTESTINAL PARASITIC INFECTION AND HEALTH EDUCATION AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN GAZA CITY, BEIT-LAHIA VILLAGE AND JABALIA REFUGEE CAMP, GAZA STRIP, PALESTINE
|
[
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"display_name": "Erian George",
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"display_name": "Yacine Abed",
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{
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"display_name": "Adnan Al-Hindi",
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2614701078
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This study aimed to test the impact of health education programmer's intervention on the prevalence of intestinal parasites among school children in city, Beit labia villages and Jabalia refugee camp Gaza Strip over 6 month. In this study 432 stool samples were collected from school children aged 6- 11 years old, each stool sample was examined using wet mount and formalether sedimentation technique. Of these 432 stool sample 125 were found to be positive with a prevalence of (28.9%). The infected children were treated with suitable anti- parasitic drug under the supervision of school of health in the ministry of health. Then the treated children were divided into two groups the first group remained on the treatment only but the second group received treatment and health education. After 6-month a second stool sample was collected from each child in the two groups then analyzed. The final result indicated that prevalence of intestinal parasites had declined from 21.5% to 5.1%. Ration was 3.4% in first group which received treatment only and 1.62% in second group which received treatment and health education. The rule of health education in decreasing prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was statistically significancant (P= 0.001). The relationship between intestinal parasites and sex, residence, age, school, job, of father and other relations were investigated and studied.
|
[
{
"display_name": "IUG Journal of Natural Studies",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764482417",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W1984837966
|
Labor and Related Injuries among Schoolchildren in Palestine: Findings from the National Study of Palestinian Schoolchildren (HBSC-WBG2006)
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Greece",
"display_name": "University of Crete",
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"display_name": "An-Najah National University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I17533244",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1984837966
|
Background . Labor related injuries among Palestinian schoolchildren are a significant undocumented public health concern. This study aimed at documenting the prevalence and nature of work related injuries among schoolchildren as well as identifying sociodemographic factors that predict these injuries. Methods . A cross-sectional survey included 15,963 children of whom 6458 (40.8%) completed an optional package related to labor. Students aged 12–18 years self-completed the international WHO collaborative HBSC valid questionnaires between April and May of 2006. Results . Approximately 73.8% of the students who filled the optional package reported working during the last 12 months, of whom 79.1% sustained a work related injury. Work injuries were significantly higher among boys, younger children, and children enrolled in UNRWA schools and living in Gaza Strip <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced separators="|"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo><</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mfenced></mml:mrow></mml:math>. Children working ≥3 hours/day were more likely to experience injuries, 1.73 (95% CI, 1.53–1.95), than those working ≤3/day. About half of the children worked in retail trade (51.5%), agriculture (20.0%), and cleaning (11.4%). Injury type was related to the type of work performed. Conclusions . The high prevalence of injuries among working Palestinian schoolchildren confirms its severity as a public health problem. To reduce occupational injuries, policymakers and professionals should develop intervention programs that target the public and health providers.
|
[
{
"display_name": "ISRN Pediatrics (Print)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210192215",
"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
"type": "repository"
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{
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"type": "repository"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4239760422
|
Visualising the spatial distribution of diarrheal disease using the geographical information system: a WASH perspective
|
[
{
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{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Palestinian Hydrology Group",
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],
"display_name": "Reem T. Abu Shomar",
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{
"affiliations": [
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],
"display_name": "Yaser Kishawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5041388882"
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41856607"
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C524765639"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C91375879"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C31258907"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
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] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4239760422
|
The main water resource in the Gaza Strip is facing a serious challenge in terms of quantity and quality posing significant health threats on Gaza population. According to the statistics, diarrhoea among children was reported and reached the alerting thresholds several times last years. The aim of the study is to visualise the spatial distribution of diarrhoea, based on an established geo-statistical database. The distribution of diarrheal disease at districts and municipal levels were presented and visualised. In addition, discussion and recommendations for improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services for risk mitigation were included. The study served as a pilot for an integrated GIS-based water quality and public health monitoring program and showed that GIS can be a very helpful tool to visualise the prevalence of one of the water-borne diseases for better decision-making and proper WASH intervention.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Global Environmental Issues",
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"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W3204421047
|
Assessment of health-care waste generation and its management strategy in the Gaza Strip, Palestine
|
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"type": "government"
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{
"country": "Canada",
"display_name": "Dalhousie University",
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"display_name": "Reem Abukmeil",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5025571254"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ali Barhoum",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032343539"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Majdi Dher",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5009136752"
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{
"country": "Japan",
"display_name": "Japan International Cooperation Agency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1283339181",
"lat": 35.90165,
"long": 139.77258,
"type": "government"
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"display_name": "Mitsuo Yoshida",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063652311"
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{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
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{
"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
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{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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{
"display_name": "Outpatient clinic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020110884"
},
{
"display_name": "Waste management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C548081761"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
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{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Theology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27206212"
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{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
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] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1542924406",
"https://openalex.org/W1993392458",
"https://openalex.org/W2167204675",
"https://openalex.org/W2191402972",
"https://openalex.org/W2314352149",
"https://openalex.org/W2325815711",
"https://openalex.org/W2521592031"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3204421047
|
Abstract The situation of health-care waste in the Gaza Strip was threatening the environment and the public health due to the absence of appropriate health-care waste (HCW) handling, treatment, and disposal. In 2016, the total amount of HCW generated was estimated about 7199 kg day −1 . Around 20% of the wastes was infectious, and the on-site segregation was done only for sharps in most health care facilities, while other infectious wastes were comingled with noninfectious normal wastes. In 2017, a new strategy for the health-care waste management (HCWM) was adopted. The strategy stated the necessity to segregate the HCW into three categories at the generation source to sharps, infectious wastes, and noninfectious wastes. The strategy was implemented over 40 clinics. The proper on-site segregation of the infectious and sharps showed that 2.4 kg day −1 and 0.7 kg day −1 of wastes is generated from UNRWA and Ministry of Health (MOH) clinics, respectively. This generation quantity accounts for a rate of 11 g per outpatient at UNRWA clinics and a ratio of 9.5 g per outpatient at MOH clinics. These quantities account for 33% and 54% of the total waste from UNRWA and governmental clinics in South and Middle Gaza.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S111367495",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2788521621
|
Integrating a public health and human rights approach into mental health services for Palestinians in the Gaza Strip
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "South Africa",
"display_name": "Stellenbosch University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I26092322",
"lat": -33.93462,
"long": 18.86676,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Marwan Diab",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5029235490"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "South Africa",
"display_name": "Stellenbosch University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I26092322",
"lat": -33.93462,
"long": 18.86676,
"type": "education"
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"display_name": "Yasser Abu Jamei",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075215075"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "South Africa",
"display_name": "Stellenbosch University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I26092322",
"lat": -33.93462,
"long": 18.86676,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Ashraf Kagee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5039289980"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Italy",
"display_name": "University of Milano-Bicocca",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I66752286",
"lat": 45.46427,
"long": 9.18951,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Guido Veronese",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089648325"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Mental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134362201"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychosocial",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150966472"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychological intervention",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C27415008"
},
{
"display_name": "Mental health literacy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776087414"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Mental illness",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776674806"
},
{
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2788521621
|
BackgroundIn the context of violations of human rights and insecurity, the Gaza Community Mental Health Programme (GCMHP) provides mental health services and psychosocial interventions that match local cultural and social norms. The GCMHP uses a community mental health approach to promote the psychological wellbeing of the people living in the Gaza Strip and advocate on mental health issues.MethodsThe GCMHP provides preventive and therapeutic care to a broad public health spectrum of Gazan society. Services are provided in terms of preventative public health at the primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Data reported here are from 2014–16.FindingsFor primary prevention, our services include advocacy, public awareness, and media campaigns aimed at raising awareness about and preventing common mental disorders and behavioural difficulties in children. 35 878 people are estimated to have benefited from these programmes. The GCMHP also provides psychological first aid and crisis intervention to vulnerable persons and a free telephone counselling service. About 12 943 persons have received individual sessions, and 2590 persons have received telephone counselling. The GCMHP also provides training to enhance the skills of professionals of local organisations working in mental health and psychosocial services. 3557 people have attended these programmes. As secondary prevention, the GCMHP offers individual and group psychotherapy, and routine home visits are provided for torture survivors and individuals and families exposed to cumulative trauma. 11 713 individuals have received such services. As tertiary prevention, rehabilitation services including physiotherapy and occupational therapy are provided to help patients regain their role as active members of the community. 398 people have received these services.InterpretationA public health-oriented approach to mental health services fits the socioecological model that locates individuals and families within the context of their community, religious-cultural context, and social, economic, and political systems. With social responsibility embedded as a core value, the GCMHP seeks to restore psychological wellbeing in citizens of the Gaza Strip.FundingNone.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Lancet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3179141403
|
Perceptions of health-care professionals about quality of care and barriers to management of war injuries in Gaza Strip: a qualitative analysis
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Sweden",
"display_name": "Mid Sweden University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I56475706",
"lat": 62.39129,
"long": 17.3063,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Marwan Mosleh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020881825"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Yousef Al Jeesh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051443275"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Sweden",
"display_name": "University of Skövde",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I205158640",
"lat": 58.39118,
"long": 13.84506,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Koustuv Dalal",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5084209015"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Sweden",
"display_name": "Mid Sweden University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I56475706",
"lat": 62.39129,
"long": 17.3063,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Heidi Carlerby",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002509573"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Sweden",
"display_name": "Mid Sweden University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I56475706",
"lat": 62.39129,
"long": 17.3063,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Eija Viitasara",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059160861"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Thematic analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74196892"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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{
"display_name": "Qualitative research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "CLARITY",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777146004"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
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{
"display_name": "Focus group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56995899"
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{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Social science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849"
},
{
"display_name": "Biochemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C55493867"
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{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
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{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
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{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3179141403
|
BackgroundWar-related injury is a growing clinical and public health concern in occupied Palestinian territory, especially in the Gaza Strip. However, little research has been done into the quality of care and management of war injuries in public hospitals. We explored the perceptions of health-care workers about these factors in Palestinian health-care facilities in Gaza.MethodsThis was a qualitative descriptive study. Data were obtained in four focus group discussions attended at public health facilities by 30 purposively selected health-care providers, comprising 14 head surgeons, and 16 head nurses, aged 38–55 years. A semi-structured topic guide was developed by the authors for the study based on earliest literature, and was critically reviewed by a panel of experts to ensure the trustworthiness of the qualitative guide and to minimise complexity and enhance clarity of the questions for participants. Audio recordings of discussions were transcribed verbatim, translated, and analysed with a thematic analysis approach. The study was approved by the Palestinian Health Research Council and facilitated by the Ministry of Health.FindingsA consensus was expressed that, despite some positive aspects in the system, fundamental changes and essential improvements were needed to advance the care and facilitation of war injury management. Some respondents had serious concerns about the health-care system, suggesting that it needs to be comprehensively rebuilt. Unanimous views were expressed about the important barriers to effective management and quality of care: shortages of resources, medicines, and funding; underuse or absence of specific and unified clinical practice guidelines; no official commitment by the Ministry of Health to adopt updated clinical guidelines; few incentives and poor motivation, poor communications; blockade and siege; division of health systems in the country; overcrowding of patients with war injuries in hospitals with limited capacity; spreading of infection due to poor cleanliness; shortages in fuel and power supply; and low wages, which negatively affected staff motivation. Respondents also reported inadequate sharing of care and cooperation between different health-care facilities.InterpretationThe perceptions about barriers to management of war injuries and the quality of care provided were similar across Palestinian health-care facilities in the Gaza strip. Our findings suggest that fundamental changes and comprehensive reform of the health-care system are needed to make the care of patients with war injuries more effective and efficient. One of the important strengths of this study is that it addressed the perspective and opinions of different key health professionals, which made it possible gain deeper and better understanding of how war injuries are managed in the Palestinian health system. In addition, the outcomes of the study were based on diverse information. However, the analysis of the qualitative data may represent challenges, and be more complicated and time consuming than a quantitative approach.FundingNone.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Lancet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2540411330
|
Childhood burns: an analysis of 124 admissions in the Gaza Strip.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Dar Al-Shifa Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800446539",
"lat": 31.524143,
"long": 34.444202,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Aymen Elsous",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013994979"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Dar Al-Shifa Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800446539",
"lat": 31.524143,
"long": 34.444202,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "M. Ben Salah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5089017834"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Dar Al-Shifa Hospital",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800446539",
"lat": 31.524143,
"long": 34.444202,
"type": "healthcare"
}
],
"display_name": "Mahmoud Ouda",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5049141731"
}
] |
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Epidemiology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107130276"
},
{
"display_name": "Case fatality rate",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187316915"
},
{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
},
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Male to female",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3019236073"
},
{
"display_name": "Retrospective cohort study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C167135981"
},
{
"display_name": "Surgery",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C141071460"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
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"Gaza"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2540411330
|
Burns are a serious public health problem among paediatrics. Little is known about the epidemiological profile and outcomes of hospitalized paediatric burns in the Gaza Strip. A cross-sectional retrospective review was conducted of medical records of patients aged 15 years and below, admitted to the Al Alamy burn centre in the Al Shifa Medical Complex from 30 June, 2013 to 01 July, 2014. There were 189 admissions; 124 (65.6%) of them were below 15 years, their mean age ± SD being 4.02 ± 2.85 years. 72 of these cases (58.1%) were males, giving a male to female ratio of 1.6:1. 89.5% of the injuries were accidents and 96% were home-located. Scalds, which were a common cause of burns, represented 83.9% of cases. Mean TBSA was 10.72 ± 8.15%: half of the patients (50.8%) sustained second-degree burns, while 34.7% were a mix of second- and third-degree. Mean length of hospital stay was 10.23 ± 10.60 days. Only two children died during the study period, giving a case fatality rate and total mortality rate of 1.6% and 1.0% respectively. In conclusion, there is a need to focus on home safety and parents' education as a means of reducing childhood burns.Les brûlures représentent un grave problème de santé publique pédiatrique. Les données épidémiologiques et l’évolution des enfants hospitalisés pour brûlure dans la bande de Gaza sont pauvres. Un revue rétrospective des dossiers des enfants de moins de 15 ans hospitalisés dans le Centre de Traitement des Brûlés Al Alamy de l’hôpital Al Shifa, entre le 30 juin 2013 et le 1er juillet 2014, a été réalisée. Sur 189 patients admis, 124 (65.6%) avaient moins de 15 ans (âge moyen 4,02 +/- 2,85 ans). Soixante douze (58.1%) étaient des garçons soit un sex ratio de 1,6/1. Les brûlures étaient accidentelles dans 89.5% des cas, survenant quasiment toujours (96%) à domicile. Les ébouillantements (83.9%) étaient la modalité la plus fréquente. La moyenne de surface brûlée était de 10,72 +/- 8,15%. La moitié (50.8%) des brûlures était uniquement de 2ème degré et 34.7% des enfants avaient des lésions mêlant 2ème et 3ème degrés. La durée moyenne de séjour était de 10,23 +/- 10,6 j. Deux enfants sont morts pendant la période considérée (mortalité 1%). Ces données amènent à proposer des programmes de réduction des risques domestiques et d’éducation parentale afin de diminuer l’incidence des brûlures pédiatriques.
|
[
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4295454085
|
COVID-19 vaccination in the Gaza Strip: a cross-sectional study of vaccine coverage, hesitancy, and associated risk factors among community members and healthcare workers
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "International Medical Corps",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1297785818",
"lat": 34.041733,
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"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Jennifer Majer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083340369"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Al-Azhar University – Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I132358288",
"lat": 31.515,
"long": 34.43667,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Jehad H. Elhissi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056952260"
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"display_name": "International Medical Corps",
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"lat": 34.041733,
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"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Nabil Mousa",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5068809980"
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{
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{
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"display_name": "International Medical Corps",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1297785818",
"lat": 34.041733,
"long": -118.46989,
"type": "nonprofit"
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{
"country": "United States",
"display_name": "Johns Hopkins University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I145311948",
"lat": 39.29038,
"long": -76.61219,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Natalya Kostandova",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5008170125"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Vaccination",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C22070199"
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4295454085
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The Gaza Strip, like other settings of complex humanitarian emergencies, faces immense challenges in vaccinating its population against COVID-19. This study was conducted in October 2021 among Gaza's adult population and healthcare workers (HCWs). The primary aim was to estimate two indicators, coverage of COVID-19 vaccination and the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy. The secondary aim was to evaluate the two indicators' associations with globally identified risk factors.A cross-sectional study was conducted using a population-based survey of adults and a purposive survey of HCWs in Gaza. A multi-stage sampling design was used for the population survey component. For the HCW component, five health facilities were purposively selected as entry points; HCWs in the facilities holding clinical or other specialized positions were approached to participate in the survey. Data were summarized as univariable descriptive statistics with unweighted and weighted point estimates. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations of risk factors with vaccination status and vaccine hesitancy.A total of 1075 individuals were surveyed, of whom 906 were community members and 169 were HCWs. Population-weighted vaccine coverage was estimated to be 49.08% (95% CI 43.10-55.08). 89.35% of HCWs were vaccinated. Population-weighted vaccine hesitancy was estimated to be 34.08% (95% CI 28.14-40.56) in the overall population and 67.24% (95% CI 49.04-81.41) among the unvaccinated sub-group. In logistic regression vaccination was independently associated with male sex (aOR 1.88, p = 0.006, 95% CI 1.20-2.95), older age (40+ vs. 18-39 age group) (aOR 1.92, p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.73-2.13), higher education (aOR 2.19, p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.51-3.17), and confidence in the safety of the vaccine (aOR 13.8, p < 0.001, 95% CI 10.1-18.8). Risk factors for hesitancy were similar to those identified for vaccination status, however hesitant individuals were somewhat more likely to obtain vaccine information from family members (aOR 1.29, p = 0.051, 95% CI 1.00-1.67) and less likely to trust healthcare providers (aOR 0.58, p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.49-0.68).The continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants reinforces the importance of achieving high levels of vaccination coverage globally-a difficult undertaking in Gaza. This study estimated half of Gaza's adult population received at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine by October 2021, and the majority of unvaccinated individuals were hesitant. Disparities in vaccination across the territory's demographic groups underscore the need for targeted outreach to these populations and messaging through community-based channels to permeate social networks of the unvaccinated.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Conflict and Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S77607499",
"type": "journal"
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{
"display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
"type": "repository"
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{
"display_name": "PubMed Central",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
"type": "repository"
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{
"display_name": "Research Square (Research Square)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306402450",
"type": "repository"
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{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2587512514
|
Drug Counterfeiting: The Situation in the Gaza Strip
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammed Abuiriban",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016225759"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Sami El Deeb",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5006528097"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Counterfeit",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779356469"
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{
"display_name": "Counterfeit Drugs",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909665878"
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{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Christian ministry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C521751864"
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{
"display_name": "Enforcement",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779777834"
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{
"display_name": "Welfare",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C100243477"
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{
"display_name": "Drug",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780035454"
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Pharmacology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C98274493"
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{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
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{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
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[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2587512514
|
Drug counterfeiting is sharply in rise and prevalent in developed and developing countries with its severity and harmful effects on public health and economic welfare. World Health Organization, drug and regulatory authorities, international, governmental and non-governmental organizations, enforcement agencies as well as pharmaceutical manufacturers associations striving against counterfeit drugs. This article highlights the situation of drug counterfeiting in the Gaza Strip. Drug sources, the role of Health Ministry, the evaluation of drug quality, facilities and limitations are discussed. Furthermore, the factors encouraging counterfeiting of drugs in the Gaza Strip and the consequences on public health are addressed. Due to the great threats to the public health in the Gaza Strip, great cooperation is required between governments, Ministry of Health and other relevant organizations to achieve a significant progress in the fight against counterfeit.
|
[
{
"display_name": "American Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S2764498450",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2531114591
|
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Physical Activity Among Mothers in the Gaza Strip-Palestine
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Malaysia",
"display_name": "Universiti Sains Malaysia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I139322472",
"lat": 5.356944,
"long": 100.30139,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Rima El Kishawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014839260"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Malaysia",
"display_name": "Universiti Sains Malaysia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I139322472",
"lat": 5.356944,
"long": 100.30139,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Kah Leng Soo",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5030503713"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Al-Quds University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I21215505",
"lat": 31.755907,
"long": 35.26138,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Yacine Abed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044581654"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Malaysia",
"display_name": "Universiti Sains Malaysia",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I139322472",
"lat": 5.356944,
"long": 100.30139,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Wan Abdul Manan Wan Muda",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017713198"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Sitting",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776370487"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Physical activity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020255362"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Overweight",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780586474"
},
{
"display_name": "Refugee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845"
},
{
"display_name": "Systematic sampling",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C192489979"
},
{
"display_name": "Proxy (statistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780148112"
},
{
"display_name": "Non-communicable disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776577793"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Physical therapy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C1862650"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Machine learning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C119857082"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2531114591
|
Background The high prevalence of obesity was observed in numerous developed and developing countries. A reduce in energy expenditure due to the low physical activity level is a factor contributed to the increase in obesity. Physical inactivity is one of the ten leading risk factors for global death, and associated with the all-cause mortality. Regular physical activity lowers the risk of various types of non-communicable diseases. The prevalence of obesity is high among women in the Gaza Strip. There is a lack of studies on the pattern of physical activity among adults in the Gaza Strip. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of physical activity among mothers aged 18–50 years in the Gaza Strip and its associated factors. Additionally to explore mothers' perception and practice of physical activity. Methodology A mixed methods design was conducted using quantitative and qualitative methods. A total of 357 mothers were recruited from the Gaza Strip using multistage sampling method from three different geographical areas, namely, Jabalia refugee camp in the north of Gaza Strip, El Remal urban area in Gaza city, and Al Qarara rural area in the south of Gaza Strip. A structured questionnaire was used for face to face interviews with mothers to obtain information on the mothers' sociodemographic, and their nutrition knowledge. The short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to assess the physical activity pattern. In this study, sitting time is used as an independent proxy measure of sedentary behavior. For qualitative component, three focus group discussions (one group in each area) were conducted involving 24 surveyed mothers to explore mothers' perceptions and practices of physical activity. Binary logistic regression analyses were applied to identify the determinants of physical activity and were adjusted in relation to various factors. Results The prevalence of physical inactivity was 21.6%, about 78% of mothers were classified as moderately active, while vigorous activity was not observed. Mean sitting hours was 2.74 ± 1.32 hour/day. Results revealed that, physical activity level decreased among mothers who lived in households with low income (OR: 2.30; 95%CI: 1.20–4.45; p = 0.013), and those with high nutrition knowledge were more likely to be physically inactive (OR: 1.15; 95%CI: 1.0–1.314; p = 0.040), while mothers who had low or medium education level were more active (OR: 0.31; 95%CI: 0.15–0.62; p = 0.001), or (OR: 0.47; 95%CI: 0.23–0.96; p = 0.039). There was no significant association between physical activity levels and the geographical areas. The qualitative results showed that most of the mothers believed home chores were kind of exercises and could substitute for practicing sports. The main constraints to physical activity practice attributed to the sociocultural factors due to the limited availability of exercising facilities for Palestinian women and restrictions on their freedom. Conclusions Results of this study are important to monitor physical activity levels among mothers in the Gaza Strip. Despite a high level of nutrition knowledge among mothers, physical inactivity prevalence is high. More attention must be given to the policy makers to improve awareness on the importance of the physical activity practice to improve the overall health status of the community. Understanding the cultural attitudes is required as it is relevant in order to implement effective community-based intervention programs to improve physical activity levels among mothers in the Gaza Strip.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Qatar Foundation Annual Research Conference Proceedings Volume 2016 Issue 1",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525075",
"type": "conference"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3116478937
|
The epidemic of the metabolic syndrome among the palestinians in the Gaza Strip
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "University of Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I59206443",
"lat": 31.479546,
"long": 34.40502,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Amal Jamee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5002863039"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Metabolic syndrome",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780578515"
},
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Obesity",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C511355011"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3116478937
|
Background and Aims: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major public health and clinical challenge worldwide. However limited data are available in the Gaza strip. This study was undertaken to evaluate the prevalence of MetS and its association with atherosclerotic risk factors and cardiovascular diseases among the Gazan adults’ community.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Atherosclerosis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S206830620",
"type": "journal"
},
{
"display_name": "Dove Medical Press (Taylor and Francis Group)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401012",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2414315837
|
[Assessment of community health care services delivery during operation "Cast Lead"--a cross sectional survey].
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Israel",
"display_name": "Israel Ministry of Health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2802540905",
"lat": 31.76904,
"long": 35.21633,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Michal Savyon",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5021543317"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Lital Keinan-Boker",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5041655239"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Teena Enav",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5076314538"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Tammy Rozentraub",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026892572"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Daniel Laor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5051822674"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Tamy Shohat",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019568304"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical prescription",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2426938"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Medical emergency",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C545542383"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2414315837
|
On December 27th, 2008, the Israeli Defense Forces initiated operation "Cast Lead", aiming to strike the infrastructure of the terror organizations in the Gaza Strip. An emergency situation was declared on the home front, allowing the security forces special jurisdiction over the area. The Home Front Command's Medical Operation Center, in cooperation with the Superior National Health Authority of the Ministry of Health, coordinated the delivery of community health services.The objective of this study was to evaluate the delivery of community health services to the Israeli civilian population living in proximity to the Gaza Strip during operation "Cast Lead".A telephone household survey was initiated on the 20th day of the operation until two days after a cease-fire was declared. The sample was drawn from the Jewish population living within a radius of 40 kilometers from the Gaza Strip. Questions included the need and use of health care services, satisfaction with health care services and demographic variables.Overall, 901 interviews were conducted. Findings revealed that: 91.3%, 76.2% and 89.6% of those who needed primary physician, a specialist or a renewal of a drug prescription received these services, respectively; 87.1% of those who needed medical emergency services received them. The reported satisfaction with health care services during the combat period was very high; 91% reported high or very high satisfaction with their HMO's function during that period.The delivery of community health care services during operation "Cast Lead" efficiently addressed the needs of the population in the area. The delivery of medical emergency services and the access to medical specialists should be reassessed. It is important to plan ahead surveys such as the survey described above, and to cooperate with the HMO's and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in order to improve emergency preparedness.
|
[
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4321514625
|
Assessment of Physicians’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Smoking Cessation Management in the Gaza Strip
|
[] |
[
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
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{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Smoking cessation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777843972"
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{
"display_name": "Addiction",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C48856860"
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{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
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{
"display_name": "Intervention (counseling)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780665704"
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{
"display_name": "Quit smoking",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3018997237"
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{
"display_name": "Smoking ban",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776299002"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Smoke",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58874564"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
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{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
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{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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{
"display_name": "Meteorology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
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[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4321514625
|
Background: Despite its negative effects, approximately 23% of Palestinians (≥ 18 years) smoke cigarettes. Studies have shown physicians to be an important channel for smoking cessation intervention. This investigation examines physicians’ smoking-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in the Gaza strip (Palestinian Territories). Methods and Findings: A convenience sample of 154 physicians in medical and surgical units took part in this investigation (87.7% response rate). The data show that 37.8% of physicians in Gaza smoke, and most of them about 72% smoke in the hospital’s public spaces, thereby implicitly giving public approval for smoking. While 82.4% reported that they advise patients who smoke to stop, the majority (59%) also believe that their own smoking habits negatively influence the impact of that advice. Unfortunately, our survey showed that physicians’ knowledge levels towards smoking addiction and management were lower than expected (e.g. only 34% knew that nicotine dependence is a psychiatric disorder that necessitates treatment). The physicians in this study believed that the primary barriers to failure of their patients’ smoking cessation were the perceived lack of will (81.3%), and the strength of patients’ addiction (67.9%). Moreover, (61%) of physicians did not spend enough time to convince their patients to quit smoking. Conclusion: Smoking is common among Gaza-strip physicians, and unfortunately, most of them smoke in the hospital’s public spaces. Many obstacles face the smoking cessation program that some physicians linked it to patients, and others linked it to the health-care system. Furthermore, smokers in Gaza receive poor care regarding assessment, referral, and management of their smoking habit.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of addiction research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210196503",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2077177656
|
Association of maternal psychosocial, economic, and political stressors with low birthweight in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory, 2006: a case-control study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Akram Abusalah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5083153946"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Abdalkarim S. Radwan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050737050"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomic status",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychosocial",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C150966472"
},
{
"display_name": "Context (archaeology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779343474"
},
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Low birth weight",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779083892"
},
{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Demography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435"
},
{
"display_name": "Pregnancy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779234561"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Genetics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C54355233"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2077177656
|
BackgroundLow birthweight (<2·5 kg) remains a challenging public health issue despite decades of research and efforts to prevent it. More than 20 million infants per year worldwide, 96% in developing countries, are born with low birthweight. The birthweight of infants is a direct indicator of socioeconomic conditions and an indirect measure of the health of the mother and child. Psychosocial risk factors affect health indirectly through health behaviours and directly through psycho-neuro-endocrine-immune pathways. The main aim in this study was to assess the association of low birthweight with a range of psychosocial, economic, and political factors in the context of the socioeconomic and political situation in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory, in January, 2006.MethodsWe undertook a matched case-control (1:1 ratio) study at two hospitals with obstetric services in the Gaza Strip. 446 women (223 cases and 223 controls) were selected from Al-Tahrier Hospital from May 1 to June 30, 2007, and from Al-Shifa Medical Centre from July 1 to Aug 31, 2007. Women were eligible if they were residing in the Gaza Strip for at least 1 year before delivery; delivered a live singleton infant; and were admitted for labour at Al-Tahrier Hospital or Al-Shifa Medical Centre during the study period. Cases were all the women who delivered live singleton infants (weight <2500 g) in the obstetrics departments of the two hospitals. Matched controls were mothers who delivered single live newborn babies (≥2500 g). Controls were selected during the first 24 h after their respective cases were identified. In the univariate analysis, we computed unadjusted matched odds ratios (mOR) and the 95% CIs with conditional logistic regression. Multivariate analysis of the data was completed in two integrated steps. In model 1, we analysed psychosocial, economic, and political predictors that remained after stepwise backward selection. In model 2, we analysed the significant variables from model 1 and other principal confounding factors. The confounding variables were geodemographic characteristics: parents' education, occupation, residence, and consanguinity, and maternal body-mass index. The study protocol was approved by the Ministry of Health and authorised by the Helsinki Committee, Gaza Strip. All participants provided written informed consent.FindingsThe results obtained with model 2 showed that the following variables in the mother were significantly associated with low birthweight after adjustment for confounders: unsafe living conditions (mOR 3·0; 95% CI 1·6–5·8), psychological stress (2·3; 1·2–4·4), no household salary (5·1; 2·4–10·8), low household income (2·7; 1·2–6·2), husband who was unemployed (2·8; 1·4–5·6), food shortage (2·5; 1·0–6·4), and anxiety after conflict with Israel (2·8; 1·5–5·0).InterpretationMaternal exposure to several psychosocial, economic, and political factors were independently associated with low birthweight. Many of these risk factors were thought to be preventable through the behavioural changes and improvement in the quality of life of the mother. The results of this study emphasise the need for health education strategies for the alleviation of stressors in addition to governmental action to improve socioeconomic conditions in the occupied Palestinian territory.FundingNone. Low birthweight (<2·5 kg) remains a challenging public health issue despite decades of research and efforts to prevent it. More than 20 million infants per year worldwide, 96% in developing countries, are born with low birthweight. The birthweight of infants is a direct indicator of socioeconomic conditions and an indirect measure of the health of the mother and child. Psychosocial risk factors affect health indirectly through health behaviours and directly through psycho-neuro-endocrine-immune pathways. The main aim in this study was to assess the association of low birthweight with a range of psychosocial, economic, and political factors in the context of the socioeconomic and political situation in the Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory, in January, 2006. We undertook a matched case-control (1:1 ratio) study at two hospitals with obstetric services in the Gaza Strip. 446 women (223 cases and 223 controls) were selected from Al-Tahrier Hospital from May 1 to June 30, 2007, and from Al-Shifa Medical Centre from July 1 to Aug 31, 2007. Women were eligible if they were residing in the Gaza Strip for at least 1 year before delivery; delivered a live singleton infant; and were admitted for labour at Al-Tahrier Hospital or Al-Shifa Medical Centre during the study period. Cases were all the women who delivered live singleton infants (weight <2500 g) in the obstetrics departments of the two hospitals. Matched controls were mothers who delivered single live newborn babies (≥2500 g). Controls were selected during the first 24 h after their respective cases were identified. In the univariate analysis, we computed unadjusted matched odds ratios (mOR) and the 95% CIs with conditional logistic regression. Multivariate analysis of the data was completed in two integrated steps. In model 1, we analysed psychosocial, economic, and political predictors that remained after stepwise backward selection. In model 2, we analysed the significant variables from model 1 and other principal confounding factors. The confounding variables were geodemographic characteristics: parents' education, occupation, residence, and consanguinity, and maternal body-mass index. The study protocol was approved by the Ministry of Health and authorised by the Helsinki Committee, Gaza Strip. All participants provided written informed consent. The results obtained with model 2 showed that the following variables in the mother were significantly associated with low birthweight after adjustment for confounders: unsafe living conditions (mOR 3·0; 95% CI 1·6–5·8), psychological stress (2·3; 1·2–4·4), no household salary (5·1; 2·4–10·8), low household income (2·7; 1·2–6·2), husband who was unemployed (2·8; 1·4–5·6), food shortage (2·5; 1·0–6·4), and anxiety after conflict with Israel (2·8; 1·5–5·0). Maternal exposure to several psychosocial, economic, and political factors were independently associated with low birthweight. Many of these risk factors were thought to be preventable through the behavioural changes and improvement in the quality of life of the mother. The results of this study emphasise the need for health education strategies for the alleviation of stressors in addition to governmental action to improve socioeconomic conditions in the occupied Palestinian territory. None.
|
[
{
"display_name": "The Lancet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4225693139
|
Do Patients with Major Non-Communicable Diseases Receive Advice on Health Behaviors from Healthcare Professionals in the Gaza Strip, Palestine?
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Iran",
"display_name": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I70640408",
"lat": 35.69439,
"long": 51.42151,
"type": "education"
},
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "University of Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I59206443",
"lat": 31.479546,
"long": 34.40502,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ahmed Hassan Albelbeisi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5013396267"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Ali Albelbeisi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059913400"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "University of Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I59206443",
"lat": 31.479546,
"long": 34.40502,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Abdel Hamid El Bilbeisi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5005190354"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Al-Azhar University – Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I132358288",
"lat": 31.515,
"long": 34.43667,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Amany El Afifi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026896975"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Health professionals",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3019806175"
},
{
"display_name": "Non-communicable disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776577793"
},
{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W1519124291",
"https://openalex.org/W1979414970",
"https://openalex.org/W1999221805",
"https://openalex.org/W2048795968",
"https://openalex.org/W2100361556",
"https://openalex.org/W2102066861",
"https://openalex.org/W2156702515",
"https://openalex.org/W2174471093",
"https://openalex.org/W2790080321",
"https://openalex.org/W2806910902",
"https://openalex.org/W2883463388",
"https://openalex.org/W3082044363",
"https://openalex.org/W3165478625",
"https://openalex.org/W3176253324"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4225693139
|
NCDs tend to be long-term and are caused by genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors. Currently, NCDs account for 71% of deaths globally. The current study aimed to explore whether patients with NCDs receive advice on health behaviors from healthcare professionals in the PHCs in the Gaza Strip, Palestine.This research applied a cross-sectional survey design in five PHCs from October 2019 to December 2019, with 360 patients selected using a convenience sampling technique. A structured questionnaire on sociodemographic, history and patients' views on receiving advice on health behaviors from health care professionals was developed and collected. Data were analyzed using descriptive analyses and a One-way ANOVA test through SPSS-v22.The patients reported receiving advice as follows: in terms of regular physical activity (54.5% ±13.6), in terms of eating a heart-healthy diet (49.3% ±11.5), in terms of treatment adherence (86.1% ±8.1), and in terms of stop tobacco for smokers' patients (43.9% ±16.8). Statistically significant differences were found between the five Gaza strip governorates in terms of regular physical activity, eating heart-healthy, and treatment adherence (P values <.05 for all).Participants claimed that the vast majority of them had received advice from healthcare professionals regarding attending regular follow-up and treatment adherence. In contrast, participants reported receiving advice from health care professionals regarding regular physical activity, eating a healthy diet, and stopping tobacco are suboptimal. There is a need to develop a strategy to ensure that healthcare professionals are committed to providing advice on health behaviors.
|
[
{
"display_name": "PubMed",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3124922779
|
Public Awareness and Barriers to Seek Medical Advice for Colorectal Cancer in the Gaza-Strip: A Cross-Sectional Study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohamedraed Elshami",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026619325"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Maha Alfaqawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004201364"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Tamer Abdalghafoor",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087787565"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Ayoob A.Nemer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5016645129"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohammed Ghuneim",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5019376798"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Hussien Lubbad",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5050644264"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Batool Almahallawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044880780"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mosab Samaan",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044073827"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Abdallah Alwali",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5068417988"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Ahmad Alborno",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052411621"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Deyaa Al-kafarna",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066352120"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Aseel Salah",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5069629293"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Karam Shihada",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5044102721"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Mohammed Abo Amona",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5007647761"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Amira Al-Najjar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014781487"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Rana Abu Subha",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5018133493"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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],
"display_name": "Basma Alhelu",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5042173185"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Israa Abujayyab",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063562200"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Australia",
"display_name": "Bond University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I120125038",
"lat": -28.073982,
"long": 153.41649,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Loai Albarqouni",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5077298901"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Bettina Böttcher",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059371531"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Cross-sectional study",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142052008"
},
{
"display_name": "Colorectal cancer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526805850"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Advice (programming)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779955035"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Cancer",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121608353"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Programming language",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3124922779
|
Background: Raising awareness of colorectal cancer (CRC) symptoms for early recognition, reduction of lifestyle risk factors, and removing barriers to seek medical help could lower its mortality. This study aimed to assess the level of public awareness of CRC in the Gaza-Strip.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at three hospitals and ten high schools between September and October 2017. The Arabic version of the Bowel Cancer Awareness Measure (BoCAM) questionnaire was used to evaluate awareness of CRC symptoms, risk factors, and barriers to seek medical help. Adults (aged ≥18 years) in the three hospitals, and adolescents (aged 15-17 years) in ten schools were recruited for face-to-face interviews to complete the BoCAM.
Findings: Of 3172 potential participants, 3080 completed the BoCAM (response rate = 97·1%). Among them, 1578 (51·2%) were adult and 1614 (52·4%) were females. Persistent abdominal pain was the most commonly recognized CRC symptom (n=1899, 61·7%). In total, 2177 (70·7%) were not confident in recognizing CRC symptoms. Having a bowel disease was the most frequently recognized CRC risk factor (n= 1456, 47·3%). The overall mean score for recognizing CRC symptoms was 4·3 ± 2·3 out of 9 and for risk factors 8·0 ± 3·1 out of 16. Emotional barriers were the most commonly reported barriers to seek medical help with feeling worried about doctor's findings as the first reason (n= 1522, 49·4%).
Interpretation: Public awareness of CRC is suboptimal in Gaza. Improving CRC awareness (e.g., educational outreach) is needed, including in local schools.
Funding Statement: No funding was received for this study.
Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics Approval Statement: This study was approved from the Department of Human Resources Development at the Ministry of Health in the Gaza-Strip, the authorized body to provide approvals for clinical studies.
|
[
{
"display_name": "Social Science Research Network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4210172589",
"type": "repository"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2597463903
|
Visualising the spatial distribution of diarrheal disease using the geographical information system: a WASH perspective
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Palestinian Hydrology Group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800388768",
"lat": 31.89802,
"long": 35.20245,
"type": "nonprofit"
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],
"display_name": "Reem T. Abu Shomar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5004338139"
},
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Palestinian Hydrology Group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I2800388768",
"lat": 31.89802,
"long": 35.20245,
"type": "nonprofit"
}
],
"display_name": "Mahmood Abdelatif",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067978459"
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{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Pakistan",
"display_name": "Urban Unit",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210106011",
"lat": 31.563177,
"long": 74.33287,
"type": "government"
}
],
"display_name": "Yaser Kishawi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5041388882"
}
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[
{
"display_name": "Sanitation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780151969"
},
{
"display_name": "Diarrheal disease",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3020710733"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Hygiene",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C547646559"
},
{
"display_name": "Geographic information system",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41856607"
},
{
"display_name": "Water quality",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780797713"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Distribution (mathematics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110121322"
},
{
"display_name": "Water resource management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C524765639"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Waterborne diseases",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776114971"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental planning",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C91375879"
},
{
"display_name": "Resource (disambiguation)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C206345919"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental resource management",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107826830"
},
{
"display_name": "Diarrhea",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779802037"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304"
},
{
"display_name": "Cartography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C58640448"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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"display_name": "Environmental engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C87717796"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
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"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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"display_name": "Ecology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematical analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134306372"
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{
"display_name": "Computer network",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C31258907"
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{
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33923547"
},
{
"display_name": "Pathology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2597463903
|
The main water resource in the Gaza Strip is facing a serious challenge in terms of quantity and quality posing significant health threats on Gaza population. According to the statistics, diarrhoea among children was reported and reached the alerting thresholds several times last years. The aim of the study is to visualise the spatial distribution of diarrhoea, based on an established geo-statistical database. The distribution of diarrheal disease at districts and municipal levels were presented and visualised. In addition, discussion and recommendations for improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services for risk mitigation were included. The study served as a pilot for an integrated GIS-based water quality and public health monitoring program and showed that GIS can be a very helpful tool to visualise the prevalence of one of the water-borne diseases for better decision-making and proper WASH intervention.
|
[
{
"display_name": "International Journal of Global Environmental Issues",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S54941560",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W4280630939
|
Profile 4: James C. Cobey, M.D., M.P.H.
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Barry S. Levy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5056544007"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Refugee",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C173145845"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health nurse",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017559258"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Wife",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778983918"
},
{
"display_name": "Family medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C512399662"
},
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Pediatrics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187212893"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4280630939
|
By the time Jim Cobey began his orthopedic surgery practice in the mid-1970s, he had more public health and preventive medicine experience than most physicians have during their entire careers. As a college student in the 1960s, Jim volunteered on a pediatric nutrition and rehydration project for refugees in the Gaza Strip. As a medical student, he spent a summer in Nigeria studying the effectiveness of a nurse practitioner in improving childhood nutrition. And he spent another summer in Haiti, where he learned from his then girlfriend—now wife of more than 50 years—that, from a public health nurse’s perspective, setting up a water purification system would be more beneficial for children’s health than his repeatedly treating cases of diarrheal illnesses....
|
[
{
"display_name": "Oxford University Press eBooks",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463708",
"type": "ebook platform"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W2063108028
|
Adverse consequences of conflicts and wars on environment and public health
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Seyed Mohammad Mojabi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010405224"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Morteza Ghourchi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5026379726"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Farzane Feizi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010124756"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Adversary",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41065033"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental pollution",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909468537"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Development economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47768531"
},
{
"display_name": "Economic growth",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer security",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C38652104"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Computer science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148"
},
{
"display_name": "Economics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Israel"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2063108028
|
The relationship between environment and human health is a significant correlation. Every effort for sustainable development and environmental protection is in line with efforts made for improving public health. Accurate modeling methods in environmental studies indicate that there are few environmental disorders without public health consequences. One of the most important agents of environmental pollution & destruction is wars and conflicts. In local and regional wars, all parties involved in conflicts try to damage their enemy in order to put more pressure on them. But consequences of war and conflicts is not restricted to one aspect, time or period but extends even to next generations health, life and environment. In late Oct. 2008 a war occurred in the Middle East, and its news quickly spread around the world. War was started when Hamas did not accept cease-fire, and launched rockets toward Israeli cities on the other hand Israel's army also attack Gaza Strip. In Gaza-Israel 22 days war not only military positions but also civilians and environment were targeted and destroyed. During the war, hundreds of civilians were killed. The environment was also severely destroyed. Because of the specific characteristics of the Gaza Strip region- high-density population and highly urbanized- the recent violent military invasion put additional pressure on Gaza citizens. This status is not only harmful to Gaza citizens & environment but also Israeli people. During the attack infrastructures and buildings (including schools) were completely destroyed. Many of these buildings and infrastructures were connected to sewage networks, and since almost all the region's sewage flow into Mediterranean, spreading untreated sewerage into the Sea is an implication of high volume degradation, also flow of untreated sewage into ground water tables endangers citizens health residing in the region (through consumption of contaminated seafood). On the other hand, using white phosphorous also caused severe human injuries and environmental pollution. This paper is prepared using descriptive - analytical methods, with analyzing internet and library documents to investigate the adverse consequences of the conflict and war which occurred in regional level between Israel and Gaza but had impacts on the whole region's environment and citizens health.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W1482670914
|
Educational Intervention Program to Tackle Health Risk Behaviors among Male Secondary School Students (Tawjjehi) in Khan Younis Governorate - Gaza Strip
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Yehia Ahmed Abu Musameh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5032910827"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mona S. Shenouda",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5017174427"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Soheir Ali Badr El-Dien",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081887518"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Intervention (counseling)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780665704"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Test (biology)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777267654"
},
{
"display_name": "Recreation",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C110269972"
},
{
"display_name": "Anthropometry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C61427482"
},
{
"display_name": "Health education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113807197"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
},
{
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Internal medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[
"https://openalex.org/W401668050",
"https://openalex.org/W1855834817",
"https://openalex.org/W1997995764",
"https://openalex.org/W2030802434",
"https://openalex.org/W2033759736",
"https://openalex.org/W2034221063",
"https://openalex.org/W2034707699",
"https://openalex.org/W2090535229",
"https://openalex.org/W2114305026",
"https://openalex.org/W2132458846",
"https://openalex.org/W2146694222",
"https://openalex.org/W2147537809",
"https://openalex.org/W2154783280",
"https://openalex.org/W2171023312",
"https://openalex.org/W2184461463",
"https://openalex.org/W2330925385",
"https://openalex.org/W2995036696"
] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1482670914
|
Health-risk behaviors are established during childhood, extend into adulthood, and are interrelated. It contributes to the leading causes of mortality and morbidity among children. The aim of this study was to design, implement and evaluate an Educational Intervention Program to tackle Health Risk Behaviors among Male Secondary School Students, (Tawjjehi), Khan Younis - Gaza Strip. A Quasi-experimental design was used in this study, the study sample was 366 students, (92 science students and 274 Humanities students), half of them were for intervention group and the others for control group, the study sample were selected by random sampling method. Data were obtained through four main channels; I. self-structure questionnaire for personal information, demographics characteristics, health risk behaviors (tobacco use, recreation facilities, dietary behaviors, school violence, intentional and un intentional injuries), II. student's records, III. anthropometric measurements and IV. hemoglobin level test in Male Secondary School Students, (Tawjjehi), Khan Younis - Gaza Strip . The main results three months after the program show that: Healthy students behaviors were significantly higher than post and follow up test after the educational intervention program implementation than for pretest for intervention group and greater than control group for all domains. The study concluded that the educational intervention program had a positive effect on students regarding all health risk behaviors. The study recommended that physical activities should be continued from sport teacher's, start the educational intervention program for the younger age (prep school students) and replicate the study in other setting with a larger sample of students. Keywords: Intervention Education Program, Health risk factors, male secondary school students
|
[
{
"display_name": "Journal of Education and Practice",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4387278407",
"type": "journal"
}
] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3011394066
|
Environmental health risks to farmers as a result of pesticides’ mismanagement in Khanyounis Governorate - Gaza Strip
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Abdel Fattah N. Abd Rabou",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5059292555"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammad R Al Agha",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5014827953"
},
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Naeem S Baroud",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5068089223"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Government (linguistics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778137410"
},
{
"display_name": "Pesticide",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C161176658"
},
{
"display_name": "Agriculture",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118518473"
},
{
"display_name": "Clothing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C530175646"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Business",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Work (physics)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18762648"
},
{
"display_name": "Toxicology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C33070731"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental protection",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C526734887"
},
{
"display_name": "Agricultural science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C37621935"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Mechanical engineering",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78519656"
},
{
"display_name": "Philosophy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662"
},
{
"display_name": "Linguistics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41895202"
},
{
"display_name": "Archaeology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645"
},
{
"display_name": "Agronomy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C6557445"
},
{
"display_name": "Biology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3011394066
|
Several poisoning and death cases were reported in
Khanyounis Governorate as a result of mis-use and mishandling
of pesticides. Carcinogenic and internationally
banned pesticides are still available in the markets in all the
governorates of the Gaza Strip. This study aims to investigate
the awareness and health issues of the farmers. Fortyfive
farmers were randomly selected to fill a questionnaire
prepared for this purpose. The results showed that protective
clothing are totally not worn during application of pesticides.
Lack of storage faculties, unlicensed pesticide shops,
improper disposal of the empty containers and smoking and
eating during application are among the hot spots related to
pesticides handling and application. Also, 44.5% of the
farmers complain of health problems, of which headache,
coughing, skin rashes and difficulty in breathing. Only 4.5%
of the farmers attended general agricultural training courses.
In conclusion the study suggests that the government, public,
the non-governmental organizations and all the interested
parties should cooperate in a collective and serious work
to minimize these environmental and health risks.
|
[] |
|
https://openalex.org/W3212694466
|
Assessment The Role of Schools in Promoting Public Health Practices in Governmental Schools- Gaza Strip: تقييم دور المدارس في تعزيز ممارسات الصحة العامة في المدارس الحكومية - قطاع غزة
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Mohammed Jebreldar Abuanja Nimer Abdallah Naser Nassar",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5063080751"
}
] |
[
{
"display_name": "Gaza strip",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3017912951"
},
{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
},
{
"display_name": "Sample (material)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C198531522"
},
{
"display_name": "Health education",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C113807197"
},
{
"display_name": "Psychology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C15744967"
},
{
"display_name": "Geography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Socioeconomics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C45355965"
},
{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
},
{
"display_name": "Palestine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C114362828"
},
{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
},
{
"display_name": "Ancient history",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C195244886"
},
{
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680"
},
{
"display_name": "Chromatography",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C43617362"
},
{
"display_name": "History",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
] |
[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3212694466
|
This study aimed to Assessment the role of schools in promoting public health practices in governmental schools- Gaza strip. This cross- sectional study method was used a methodological triangulation provided a combination between quantitative (self- administrated questionnaire) and qualitative paradigms (focus groups discussion with students and caregivers). The study sample was 170- school health coordinator, from governmental schools, located in directorates of education in North Gaza, West Gaza, Middle area, Khanyounes, and Rafah. Data shows the roles of schools in promoting public health practices. Most of study sample was agree that, there is a role for schools in promoting public health practices in the fourth school health axes. The relative weight of the total axes was 78.90%, and the mean equal 3.94. While the sub- areas was axis, (Nutrition) occupied the first rank with a relative weight reached 81.36%, and the mean equal 4.07. The axis (Hygiene) occupied the second rank with relative weight 79.54%, and the mean equal 3.98. The axis (Health Education) occupied the third rank with relative weight 77.87%, and the mean equal 3.89. The axis (Environment) occupied the last rank with relative weight 77.37%, and the mean equal 3.87. A statistically significance relationship was found between the role of schools in promoting public health practices and gender; there are significant differences in favor of females schools. Moreover the results demonstrated that there is a statistically significance relationship was found between the role of schools in promoting public health practices and the directorate of education; there are significant differences in favor of directorate of education in west Gaza. Study findings highlight the need for more attention in the cleanliness and continuous maintenance of bathrooms in schools, and the study recommended that students needs a food program in school. In addition, environmental clubs in schools should be more activation. Moreover, MEHE should be more attention in training SHC, especially about promoting public health practices. Finally, schools need more health education meetings for students and caregivers.
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https://openalex.org/W3023314567
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New professionalism in the 21st century
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Israel"
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In his Comment,1Horton R Medicine: the prosperity of virtue.Lancet. 2005; 366: 1985-1987Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (28) Google Scholar Richard Horton emphasises that professionalism is medicine's most precious commodity. This is true not only in Britain, but throughout the world, including developing countries. In such countries, health workers face different challenges from those encountered in developed countries. For example, the salaries of health workers (including physicians) in the government sector are usually extremely low; in some low-income Asian countries, they are less than US$50 per month. To compensate for such unrealistically low salaries, health workers have to rely on strategies such as dual practising, by which salaried public-sector clinical work is combined with fee-for-service private practice.2Ferrinho P Van Lerberghe W Fronteira I Hipolito F Biscaia A Dual practice in the health sector: review of the evidence.Hum Resour Health. 2004; 2: 14Crossref PubMed Scopus (155) Google Scholar In conflict zones such as Nepal, health workers also experience violence.3Poudyal AK Jimba M Wakai S Difficulties of doing peace-building efforts in Nepal.Can Med Assoc J. 2005; 172: 1663Crossref Scopus (1) Google Scholar How can they continue to remain professional under such conditions? Although the new definition of medical professionalism1Horton R Medicine: the prosperity of virtue.Lancet. 2005; 366: 1985-1987Summary Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (28) Google Scholar sounds universal, we should consider whether it truly applies to struggling health workers in developing countries. To illustrate this challenge, I would like to give an example of how professionalism emerged in the Gaza Strip in 1994. During the transition of health-system management from the Israeli to the Palestinian health authority, many people expected problems. Therefore, it was not surprising when the first cholera patient was carried to the Shifa Hospital in Gaza city on Nov 1, 1994. Over the next 6 weeks, about 600 patients were suspected of having cholera, admitted to hospital, and treated. Of these, 93 were confirmed cases; one 2·5-year-old boy died. After tireless efforts by the Palestinian health workers, the Palestinian Health Authority declared, on Dec 12, 1994, that the cholera epidemic was over. Limiting the number of cholera deaths to just one was considered a great achievement.4Jimba M Community health activities in the Gaza Strip: cholera and health promotion.Hokenfu-zasshi. 1995; 51 ([in Japanese]): 880-884Google Scholar I observed these Palestinian health workers' professionalism first-hand. Before the cholera epidemic began, they had been sympathetic towards their patients but did not give professional advice, even to suggest changes in unhygienic behaviours. However, the cholera epidemic motivated them and forced them to behave more professionally, because the menace of the infection was regarded as so huge and they perceived it was they who were responsible for its control. An epidemic is one way of bringing out health workers' professionalism in developing countries, but we need to seek better solutions than this. I declare that I have no conflict of interest.
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"display_name": "The Lancet",
"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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https://openalex.org/W4386295849
|
Mental health of health professionals and their perspectives on mental health services in a conflict-affected setting: a qualitative study in health centres in the Gaza Strip during the COVID-19 pandemic
|
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"country": "United Kingdom",
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"display_name": "Mengxin Tan",
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"display_name": "Anas Amin Shishtawi",
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"display_name": "Yahya El-Daour",
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"display_name": "Khalil Hamad",
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"affiliations": [
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"country": "Jordan",
"display_name": "United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210146208",
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"display_name": "Akihiro Seita",
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"display_name": "Mental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C134362201"
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{
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C74196892"
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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"display_name": "Socioeconomic status",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147077947"
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"display_name": "Pandemic",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C89623803"
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"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Qualitative research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442"
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{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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"display_name": "Psychiatry",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118552586"
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{
"display_name": "Population",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359"
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{
"display_name": "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C3008058167"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779134260"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C50522688"
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{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
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"display_name": "Infectious disease (medical specialty)",
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C142724271"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/C162324750"
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"Gaza"
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"https://openalex.org/W2600660804",
"https://openalex.org/W2754478375",
"https://openalex.org/W2802692498",
"https://openalex.org/W2950709739",
"https://openalex.org/W3000027210",
"https://openalex.org/W3008244037",
"https://openalex.org/W3009037202",
"https://openalex.org/W3012832369",
"https://openalex.org/W3017527030",
"https://openalex.org/W3022261273",
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"https://openalex.org/W3046071779",
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"https://openalex.org/W3108796842",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4386295849
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Objectives To explore how primary care health professionals perceive their own mental health in a conflict-affected setting during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore their perspectives on mental health services. Methods The Gaza Strip faces a chronic humanitarian crisis and is suffering from the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic; United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) health centres were used to recruit participants for this study. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 29 health professionals in UNRWA health centres who were sampled using maximum variation sampling. Transcripts were translated, double checked and analysed via thematic analysis. Results From the analysis, a thematic map was developed showing how health professionals perceive their mental health impacts. This included difficulties due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the socioeconomic processes stemming from the on-going conflict. Another thematic map was developed showing the perceived strengths and challenges of the health services. The strengths included positive impact of the services to the service users and health professionals. In terms of challenges, health professionals identified socioeconomic processes and aspects of remote service provision during COVID-19. Conclusions Based on the findings, we suggest that an improved signposting mechanism should be developed to address many of the challenges that emergencies bring about; in particular, this could support the health professionals’ mental health, as well as improve the response to patients’ socioeconomic challenges. We further suggest recommendations for improving mental health services when delivered remotely to increase their resiliency during various emergencies.
|
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"display_name": "BMJ Open",
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"type": "journal"
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"type": "repository"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2788500539
|
Institutionalising community health programmes into the Palestinian health-care system: a qualitative study
|
[
{
"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Palestinian Territory",
"display_name": "Islamic University of Gaza",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I181086730",
"lat": 31.513119,
"long": 34.440456,
"type": "education"
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{
"country": "Iraq",
"display_name": "Iraqi University",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I3131779051",
"lat": 33.366634,
"long": 44.35979,
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"display_name": "Yousef I. Aljeesh",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043632899"
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"affiliations": [
{
"country": "Switzerland",
"display_name": "Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I158937107",
"lat": 47.55074,
"long": 7.53599,
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{
"country": "Switzerland",
"display_name": "University of Basel",
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1850255",
"lat": 47.55839,
"long": 7.57327,
"type": "education"
}
],
"display_name": "Mohammed AlKhaldi",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5068973825"
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[
{
"display_name": "Health promotion",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185618831"
},
{
"display_name": "Thematic analysis",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C74196892"
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{
"display_name": "Public health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C138816342"
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{
"display_name": "Community health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2775951005"
},
{
"display_name": "Focus group",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C56995899"
},
{
"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Health care",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C160735492"
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{
"display_name": "Qualitative research",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C190248442"
},
{
"display_name": "Agency (philosophy)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108170787"
},
{
"display_name": "International health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C193395930"
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{
"display_name": "HRHIS",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C147268084"
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{
"display_name": "Nursing",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C159110408"
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{
"display_name": "Health policy",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47344431"
},
{
"display_name": "Public relations",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39549134"
},
{
"display_name": "Political science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C17744445"
},
{
"display_name": "Sociology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400"
},
{
"display_name": "Social science",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C36289849"
},
{
"display_name": "Anthropology",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C19165224"
},
{
"display_name": "Law",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199539241"
}
] |
[
"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2788500539
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BackgroundCommunity health is a field of public health and one of the important pillars of the health system that addresses health protection, promotion, and preservation. The occupied Palestinian territory is a fragile setting with an unstable health system that hardly functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of community health programmes and to generate useful suggestions for system strengthening.MethodsThe study was done in the Gaza Strip in 2014, using a descriptive analytical and qualitative approach that involved a review of literature and reports and a structured, open-ended survey. The survey was developed by expert consultation and involved ten experts selected from five sectors (the ministry of health, academia, and private, local, and international non-governmental organisations). Data were analysed in Excel and with the coding and thematic analysis technique.FindingsPerceptions about the status of community health programmes were controversial, with some respondents describing them as fragmented and others stating that several community health programmes are functioning well. Two respondents believed that community health is still undeveloped. Participants who were fairly satisfied with community health programmes mainly worked at the ministry of health and the United Nations Relief and Works Agency, highlighting immunisation, family planning, screening, and awareness, but stating that the private sector is still inadequate. Three experts perceived the community health programmes as having an individual rather than community focus. Five experts said that some programmes are effective and efficient. Most participants agreed that community health programmes are confined to primary care and lack continuity with secondary care. Half of the experts said that the availability of community health programmes led to regulated protocols and policies that were not implemented, whereas the rest only existed in some programmes. The largest challenges in improving the performance of community health programmes are lack of coordination and standardisation, fragmented efforts, resource scarcity, weak training, lack of a unified community health strategy, poor planning, and needs that are irrelevant. Community health is undervalued, and public awareness and engagement is weak.InterpretationMost community health programmes are not well embedded despite progress in some programmes. Community health needs to be institutionally cultivated. Community health programmes should be strengthened on the basis of clear national, integrated, and collective strategies that reflect community health priorities driven by political commitment and active community participation. A consolidated coordination network, allocated resources, and recruitment of community health professionals are needed alongside capacity building and education programmes.FundingNone.
|
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"id": "https://openalex.org/S49861241",
"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W2100891151
|
Editorial: The full spectrum of public health
|
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{
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{
"country": "Serbia",
"display_name": "University of Belgrade",
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],
"display_name": "Ulrich Laaser",
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"display_name": "Public health",
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{
"display_name": "Environmental health",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C99454951"
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{
"display_name": "Spectrum (functional analysis)",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C156778621"
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"display_name": "Medicine",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100"
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{
"display_name": "Physics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964"
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"display_name": "Nursing",
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{
"display_name": "Quantum mechanics",
"id": "https://openalex.org/C62520636"
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"Gaza Strip",
"Gaza",
"Iran",
"Jordan"
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2100891151
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Since the last decade of the twentieth century we have observed a global renaissance of public health as a major orientation for politicians, donors, activists and health professionals: a focus of debate in civil society. The doors opened with the declarations of Alma-Ata in 1978, the Ottawa Charter in 1986, and last but not least with the Millennium Development Goals in 2001 (http://www.un. org/documents/ga/docs/56/a56326.pdf). Recently two reports have been published underlining the social determination of the health of populations (http://www.who.int/ social_determinants/en/) and the central role of primary health care of high quality not only in developing countries but also in Europe (http://www.who.int/whr/2008/en/index. html). Analysing the broad range of public health issues and even more intervening at the population level requires a multidimensional scientific approach. That is why we should speak of the health sciences in the plural: There is no single truth. Especially the aged battle between medicine and the social sciences does not make sense anymore. We coined the term of the double paradigm of public health [Hurrelmann K, Laaser U (1993) Gesundheitswissenschaften als interdisziplinare Herausforderung. In: Hurrelmann K, Laaser U (eds) Gesundheitswissenschaften, Handbuch fur Lehre, Forschung und Praxis. Beltz, Weinheim, pp 3–25], but in fact today we have to accept a multiple paradigm. In conclusion we can speak of a two-dimensional extension of the new public health concept, across the globe and across the traditional disciplines. One step in this process is the 12th World Congress on Public Health: Making a Difference in Global Public Health: Education, Research, and Practice (27 April–1 May 2009 in Istanbul, http://www.wfpha.org). This issue of the Journal of Public Health covers quite a substantial part of the range of public health problems around the world. Communicable diseases especially viral infections are not at all out, on the contrary due to hunger, civil war and weak health systems we have to cope with a number of emerging and re-emerging diseases. As vaccines are still the most important preventive tool we face two restrictive factors: attitudes and costs. The paper by Allaert et al. deals with parents’ attitudes towards varicella vaccination and demonstrates by comparing the situation in France and Germany that appropriate information about the potential severity of the disease and the efficacy and safety of the vaccine can overcome any resistance. The paper by Hillemanns et al. analyses the cost-effectiveness of the tetravalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in the prevention of cervical cancer and genital warts associated with HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18. The next five papers lead us to Burkina Faso in SubSaharan West Africa, to Iran, to the Gaza Strip and to Jordan. Marschall and Flessa investigate the cost-effectiveness or efficiency of rural health centres in Burkina Faso, one of the first economic evaluations of the primary health care sector in Africa. They conclude that instead of closing down inefficient centres transport facilities or accessibility as the main determinants of inefficiency have to be improved. Krieg and Gardemann report on the experience of international aid after the earthquake in Bam, Iran in 2003. Based on more than 16,000 cases they argue for a standardisation of morbidity records in emergency situations. Varasteh et al. report a cross-sectional representative survey on allergic symptoms in the industrial city of Mashdad, North-eastern Iran establishing an overall prevalence of 27.5%. Kanao et al. from the Al-Azhar University in Gaza point to dominant J Public Health (2009) 17:69–70 DOI 10.1007/s10389-008-0244-3
|
[
{
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"type": "journal"
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|
https://openalex.org/W220049873
|
COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS AS A COPING RESOURCE AMONG ADOLESCENTS LIVING UNDER ROCKETS FIRE: A SALUTOGENIC APPROACH
|
[
{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Daniella Peled",
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5034795448"
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{
"affiliations": [],
"display_name": "Shifra Sagy",
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W220049873
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Abstract: The study examines community perceptions as coping resources among youth living in areas under rocket fire in the south of Israel. Community variables were examined as potential moderators and mediators of emotional reactions to stress. Data were gathered during 2007-2009 from 284 Israeli adolescents. State anger and sense of hope were measured as stress reactions. Adolescent community perceptions were investigated using a measure which integrated sense of community coherence and sense of community, and included four dimensions: influence, meaningfulness, comprehensibility and belonging to community life (IMCB). Type of community and community perceptions (IMCB) were found to be significant in explaining state anger and hope. In addition, interviews were conducted with 10 key persons working with youth in Sderot and in the kibbutzim, which enable a better understanding of the community profiles in which teenagers were living under the ongoing stress situation. Community perceptions as coping resources among youth are discussed against the backdrop of the salutogenic and ecological theoretical frameworks.Key-words: Salutogenesis; coping resources; community perceptions; adolescents; stress.1. IntroductionWe employed the salutogenic approach (Antonovsky, 1987) as the theoretical framework for this study which examines the relationships between community types, adolescent community perceptions and emotional reactions of youth who live under the stress of rocket fire.The salutogenic model defines health using a holistic approach, and suggests not only asking about risk factors but also studying health-promoting factors (Antonovsky, 1987). One of the basic ideas of the salutogenic model is that life itself is a stressful situation. Sense of coherence (SOC) is a central concept in the salutogenic model explaining the movement towards health. When facing a stressor, people with a strong sense of coherence will be motivated to cope (meaningfulness); will see the challenge as understandable (comprehensibility) and will believe that they have resources for coping (manageability). Thus, the salutogenic approach provides us with an important lens through which we can understand what distinguishes youth who show resilience when the entire community is under stress.The salutogenic approach is integrated with the ecological model of Bronfenbrenner (1979) to provide this study with a conceptual framework for analyzing the relationships involved in the psychological consequences of a continuing stressful situation on youth. Following Bronfenbrenner, we examined the community as an environmental resource, which could be an important factor in understanding coping in stress situations.This pilot research was conducted among Israeli adolescents, who were exposed to continue missile attacks during 2007-2009. In the present study, we seek to gain insight into community variables as potential moderators and mediators of emotional reactions to stress. To that end, we first reviewed briefly the issue of adolescent's community perception. We then consider the operational limitations of this concept along with our attempt to build a new index refers to the adolescent's community perception (IMCB) along with the role of major relevant demographic factors such as gender and age. We then present the results of our empirical study.2. Research Background - Rockets fire on southern communities in IsraelMore than 3,000 rockets fell in the southwestern area of Israel between 2001 and 2009. About 190,000 citizens were living under potential threat of rocket fire, including the city of Sderot, and kibbutzim and moshavim located near the Gaza Strip. Life under these continuing attacks led many residents to leave the city of Sderot and the kibbutzim of the area, whether for short periods or permanently. The culmination of resident departure was in the summer of 2007, as a result of the escalation in fire (Cohen, 2007). …
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https://openalex.org/W2751792491
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Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
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BackgroundHow long one lives, how many years of life are spent in good and poor health, and how the population's state of health and leading causes of disability change over time all have implications for policy, planning, and provision of services. We comparatively assessed the patterns and trends of healthy life expectancy (HALE), which quantifies the number of years of life expected to be lived in good health, and the complementary measure of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), a composite measure of disease burden capturing both premature mortality and prevalence and severity of ill health, for 359 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories over the past 28 years.MethodsWe used data for age-specific mortality rates, years of life lost (YLLs) due to premature mortality, and years lived with disability (YLDs) from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 to calculate HALE and DALYs from 1990 to 2017. We calculated HALE using age-specific mortality rates and YLDs per capita for each location, age, sex, and year. We calculated DALYs for 359 causes as the sum of YLLs and YLDs. We assessed how observed HALE and DALYs differed by country and sex from expected trends based on Socio-demographic Index (SDI). We also analysed HALE by decomposing years of life gained into years spent in good health and in poor health, between 1990 and 2017, and extra years lived by females compared with males.FindingsGlobally, from 1990 to 2017, life expectancy at birth increased by 7·4 years (95% uncertainty interval 7·1–7·8), from 65·6 years (65·3–65·8) in 1990 to 73·0 years (72·7–73·3) in 2017. The increase in years of life varied from 5·1 years (5·0–5·3) in high SDI countries to 12·0 years (11·3–12·8) in low SDI countries. Of the additional years of life expected at birth, 26·3% (20·1–33·1) were expected to be spent in poor health in high SDI countries compared with 11·7% (8·8–15·1) in low-middle SDI countries. HALE at birth increased by 6·3 years (5·9–6·7), from 57·0 years (54·6–59·1) in 1990 to 63·3 years (60·5–65·7) in 2017. The increase varied from 3·8 years (3·4–4·1) in high SDI countries to 10·5 years (9·8–11·2) in low SDI countries. Even larger variations in HALE than these were observed between countries, ranging from 1·0 year (0·4–1·7) in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (62·4 years [59·9–64·7] in 1990 to 63·5 years [60·9–65·8] in 2017) to 23·7 years (21·9–25·6) in Eritrea (30·7 years [28·9–32·2] in 1990 to 54·4 years [51·5–57·1] in 2017). In most countries, the increase in HALE was smaller than the increase in overall life expectancy, indicating more years lived in poor health. In 180 of 195 countries and territories, females were expected to live longer than males in 2017, with extra years lived varying from 1·4 years (0·6–2·3) in Algeria to 11·9 years (10·9–12·9) in Ukraine. Of the extra years gained, the proportion spent in poor health varied largely across countries, with less than 20% of additional years spent in poor health in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Burundi, and Slovakia, whereas in Bahrain all the extra years were spent in poor health. In 2017, the highest estimate of HALE at birth was in Singapore for both females (75·8 years [72·4–78·7]) and males (72·6 years [69·8–75·0]) and the lowest estimates were in Central African Republic (47·0 years [43·7–50·2] for females and 42·8 years [40·1–45·6] for males). Globally, in 2017, the five leading causes of DALYs were neonatal disorders, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, lower respiratory infections, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Between 1990 and 2017, age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 41·3% (38·8–43·5) for communicable diseases and by 49·8% (47·9–51·6) for neonatal disorders. For non-communicable diseases, global DALYs increased by 40·1% (36·8–43·0), although age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 18·1% (16·0–20·2).InterpretationWith increasing life expectancy in most countries, the question of whether the additional years of life gained are spent in good health or poor health has been increasingly relevant because of the potential policy implications, such as health-care provisions and extending retirement ages. In some locations, a large proportion of those additional years are spent in poor health. Large inequalities in HALE and disease burden exist across countries in different SDI quintiles and between sexes. The burden of disabling conditions has serious implications for health system planning and health-related expenditures. Despite the progress made in reducing the burden of communicable diseases and neonatal disorders in low SDI countries, the speed of this progress could be increased by scaling up proven interventions. The global trends among non-communicable diseases indicate that more effort is needed to maximise HALE, such as risk prevention and attention to upstream determinants of health.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in North Africa: a review
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In North African countries, cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission has been increasing since the 1980s, with a significant increase in the incidence of cases and a spread of the geographical distribution. The disease currently represents a major public health problem with a productivity gap and an impediment for development, which results in dramatic socioeconomic and psycho-sanitary impacts. The incidence is more than thousands of cases every year in Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia. In Egypt, only a few dozen cases per year are reported, mainly in the Sinai Peninsula. Three Leishmania species, associated with distinct eco-epidemiological and clinical patterns, are involved, namely Leishmania infantum, L. major, and L. tropica. However, L. major is by far the most frequent in Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia, with more than 90% of the registered cases. It is mainly encountered in rural areas under semi-arid, arid and Saharan climates. Leishmania tropica is more prevalent in Morocco, reaching 30-40% of isolates in some districts. Much data is still missing concerning the risk factors of the infection and the lesion development, as well as vector and reservoir ecology and behavior. The knowledge of such parameters, following multidisciplinary and integrated approaches, is crucial for better management and control of the disease, that also faces a lack of resources and efficient control measures.
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Time to set the agenda for schistosomiasis elimination
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https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2144278880
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It is time to raise global awareness to the possibility of schistosomiasis elimination and to support endemic countries in their quest to determine the most appropriate approaches to eliminate this persistent and debilitating disease. The main interventions for schistosomiasis control are reviewed, including preventive chemotherapy using praziquantel, snail control, sanitation, safe water supplies, and behaviour change strategies supported by information, education and communication (IEC) materials. Differences in the biology and transmission of the three main Schistosoma species (i.e. Schistosoma haematobium, S. mansoni and S. japonicum), which impact on control interventions, are considered. Sensitive diagnostic procedures to ensure adequate surveillance in areas attaining low endemicity are required. The importance of capacity building is highlighted. To achieve elimination, an intersectoral approach is necessary, with advocacy and action from local communities and the health community to foster cooperative ventures with engineers, the private sector, governments and non-governmental organizations specialized in water supply and sanitation. Examples of successful schistosomiasis control programmes are reviewed to highlight what has been learnt in terms of strategy for control and elimination. These include St. Lucia and other Caribbean islands, Brazil and Venezuela for S. mansoni; Saudi Arabia and Egypt for both S. mansoni and S. haematobium; Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, Mauritius and the Islamic Republic of Iran for S. haematobium; Japan and the People's Republic of China for S. japonicum. Additional targets for elimination or even eradication could be the two minor human schistosome species S. guineenisis and S. intercalatum, which have a restricted distribution in West and Central Africa. The examples show that elimination of schistosomiasis is an achievable and desirable goal requiring full integration of preventive chemotherapy with the tools of transmission control. An agenda for the elimination of schistosomiasis would aim to identify the gaps in knowledge, and define the tools, strategies and guidelines that will help national control programmes move towards elimination, including an internationally accepted mechanism that allows verification/confirmation of elimination.
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https://openalex.org/W601506324
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Trauma, War, and Violence: Public Mental Health in Socio-Cultural Context
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[] |
https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W601506324
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1. Public Mental Health, Traumatic Stress and Human Rights Violations in Low-Income Countries: A Culturally Appropriate Model in Times of Conflict, Disaster and Peace J.T.V.M. De Jong. 2. The Cambodian Experience W.A.C.M. Van de Put, M. Eisenbruch. 3. Community Based Psychosocial and Mental Health Services for Southern Sudanese Refugees in Long-Term Exile in Uganda N. Baron. 4. Psychosocial Consequences of War - Northern Sri Lankan Experience D. Somasundaram, C.S. Jamunanantha. 5. Addressing Human Rights Violations: A Public Mental Health Perspective on Helping Torture Survivors in Nepal M.H. Van Ommeren, et al. 6. Addressing the Psychosocial and Mental Health Needs of Tibetan Refugees in India E. Ketzer, A. Crescenzi. 7. Community Mental Health as Practiced by the Gaza Community Mental Health Programme S. Qouta, E. el Sarraj. 8. Walks in Kaliti, Life in a Destitute Shelter for the Displaced in Addis Ababa L. Aptekar, R. Giel. 9. Terrorism, Traumatic Events and Mental Health in Algeria M.A.A. Sidhoum, et al. 10. How can participation on the community and traditional healers improve primary health care in Kinshasa, Congo? J. Le Roy.
|
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