microsoft/wiki_qa · Datasets at Hugging Face

question_id stringlengths 2 5	question stringlengths 11 120	document_title stringlengths 2 81	answer stringlengths 2 1.08k	label class label 2 classes
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	The history of the board game Monopoly can be traced back to the early 20th century.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	The earliest known design was by the American, Elizabeth Magie , patented in 1904 but existing as early as 1902.	11
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Magie's original intent was to publish a board game to illustrate an economic principle, namely the Georgist concept of a single land value tax.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	A series of board games were developed from 1906 through the 1930s that involved the buying and selling of land and the development of that land.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	By 1934, a board game had been created much like the version of Monopoly sold by Parker Brothers and its related companies through the rest of the 20th century, and into the 21st.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Several people, mostly in the Midwestern United States and near the East Coast , contributed to the game's design and evolution.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	By the 1970s, the idea that the game had been created solely by Charles Darrow had become popular folklore; it was printed in the game's instructions for many years, in a 1974 book devoted to Monopoly, and was cited in a general book about toys even as recently as 2007.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Even a guide to family games published for Reader's Digest in 2003 only gave credit to Darrow and Elizabeth Magie, erroneously stating that Magie's original game was created in the 1800s, and not acknowledging any of the game's development between Magie's creation of the game, and the eventual publication by Parker Brothers .	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Also in the 1970s, Professor Ralph Anspach , who had himself published a board game intended to illustrate the principles of both monopolies and trust busting , fought Parker Brothers and its then parent company, General Mills , over the trademarks of the Monopoly board game.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Through the research of Anspach and others, much of the early history of the game was "rediscovered".	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Anspach confronted Maxine Brady, author of the 1974 book The Monopoly Book: Strategy and Tactics of the World's Most Popular Game over the actual history of the game on Barry Farber 's New York City talk show in 1975.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Because of the lengthy court process, including appeals, the legal status of Parker Brothers' trademarks on the game was not settled until 1985.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	The game's name remains a registered trademark of Parker Brothers, as do its specific design elements.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	At the conclusion of the court case, the game's logo and graphic design elements became part of a larger Monopoly brand, licensed by Parker Brothers' parent companies onto a variety of items through the present day.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Despite the "rediscovery" of the board game's early history in the 1970s and 1980s, and several books and journal articles on the subject, Hasbro (Parker Brothers' current parent company) did not acknowledge any of the game's history before Charles Darrow on its official Monopoly website as recently as June 2012.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Nor did Hasbro acknowledge anyone other than Darrow in materials published or sponsored by them, at least as recently as 2006.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	International tournaments, first held in the early 1970s, continue to the present, with the next world championship likely scheduled for 2013.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Starting in 1985, a new generation of spin-off board games and card games appeared on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean .	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	In 1989, the first of many video game and computer game editions was published.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Since 1994, many official variants of the game, based on locations other than Atlantic City , New Jersey (the official U.S. setting) or London (the official Commonwealth setting, excepting Canada), have been published by Hasbro or its licensees.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	In 2008, Hasbro permanently changed the color scheme and some of the gameplay of the standard U.S. Edition of the game to match the UK Edition, although the U.S. standard edition maintains the Atlantic City property names.	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	Hasbro also modified the official logo to give the "Mr. Monopoly" character a 3-D computer-generated look, which has since been adopted by licensees USAopoly , Winning Moves and Winning Solutions .	00
Q1942	when monopoly came out	History of the board game Monopoly	And Hasbro has also been including the Speed Die, introduced in 2006's Monopoly: The Mega Edition by Winning Moves Games, in versions produced directly by Hasbro (such as the 2009 Championship Edition).	00
Q1943	what is a sacrifice in baseball	Sacrifice fly	In baseball , a sacrifice fly is a batted ball that satisfies four criteria:	00
Q1943	what is a sacrifice in baseball	Sacrifice fly	There are fewer than two outs when the ball is hit.	00
Q1943	what is a sacrifice in baseball	Sacrifice fly	The ball is hit to the outfield (fair or foul), or to infield foul territory .	00
Q1943	what is a sacrifice in baseball	Sacrifice fly	The batter is put out because an outfielder (or an infielder running in the outfield, or foul territory) catches the ball on the fly (alternatively if the batter would have been out if not for an error or if the outfielder drops the ball and another runner is put out).	00
Q1943	what is a sacrifice in baseball	Sacrifice fly	A runner who is already on base scores on the play.	00
Q1943	what is a sacrifice in baseball	Sacrifice fly	It is called a "sacrifice" fly because the batter presumably intends to cause a teammate to score a run, while sacrificing his own ability to do so.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Minnesota () is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States .	11
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the 32nd state on May 11, 1858.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Known as the "Land of 10,000 Lakes", the state's name comes from a Dakota word for "sky-tinted water".	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Those waters, together with forests, parks, and wilderness areas, offer residents and tourists a variety of outdoor recreational opportunities.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Minnesota is the 12th most extensive and the 21st most populous of the U.S. states.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Nearly 60% of its residents live in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area (known as the "Twin Cities"), the center of transportation, business, industry, education, government and home to an internationally known arts community.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	The remainder of the state consists of western prairies now given over to intensive agriculture; deciduous forests in the southeast, now cleared, farmed and settled; and the less populated North Woods , used for mining, forestry, and recreation.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Minnesota is known for its relatively mixed social and political orientations, and has a high rate of civic participation and voter turnout.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Minnesota ranks among the healthiest states, and has a highly literate population.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	The large majority of residents are of Scandinavian and German descent.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	The state is known as a center of Scandinavian American culture.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Ethnic diversity has increased in recent decades.	00
Q1945	what state is Mn	Minnesota	Substantial influxes of Asian , African , and Latin American immigrants have joined the descendants of European settlers and the original Native American inhabitants.	00
Q1946	who do I talk to about federal grants	Grant (money)	Grants are non-repayable funds by one party (grant makers), often a government department, corporation, foundation or trust, to a , often (but not always) a nonprofit entity, educational institution, business or an individual.	00
Q1946	who do I talk to about federal grants	Grant (money)	In order to receive a grant, some form of "Grant Writing" often referred to as either a proposal or an application is usually required.	00
Q1946	who do I talk to about federal grants	Grant (money)	Most grants are made to fund a specific project and require some level of compliance and reporting.	00
Q1946	who do I talk to about federal grants	Grant (money)	The grant writing process involves an applicant submitting a proposal (or submission) to a potential funder, either on the applicant's own initiative or in response to a Request for Proposal from the funder.	00
Q1946	who do I talk to about federal grants	Grant (money)	Other grants can be given to individuals, such as victims of natural disasters or individuals who seek to open a small business .	00
Q1946	who do I talk to about federal grants	Grant (money)	Sometimes grant makers require grant seekers to have some form of tax-exempt status, be a registered nonprofit organization or a local government.	00
Q1946	who do I talk to about federal grants	Grant (money)	For example, tiered funding for a freeway are very large grants negotiated at government policy level.	00
Q1946	who do I talk to about federal grants	Grant (money)	However smaller grants may be provided by a government agency (e.g. municipal government).	00
Q1946	who do I talk to about federal grants	Grant (money)	Project-related funding involving governments, business, communities, and individuals is often arranged by application either in writing or online.	00
Q1947	what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have	Isotopes of cobalt	Naturally occurring cobalt (Co) is composed of 1 stable isotope , 59Co. 28 radioisotopes have been characterized with the most stable being 60Co with a half-life of 5.2714 years, 57Co with a half-life of 271.79 days, 56Co with a half-life of 77.27 days, and 58Co with a half-life of 70.86 days.	11
Q1947	what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have	Isotopes of cobalt	All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 18 hours and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 1 second.	00
Q1947	what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have	Isotopes of cobalt	This element also has 11 meta states , all of which have half-lives less than 15 minutes.	00
Q1947	what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have	Isotopes of cobalt	The isotopes of cobalt range in atomic weight from 47Co to 75Co.	00
Q1947	what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have	Isotopes of cobalt	The primary decay mode for isotopes with atomic mass unit values less than that of the most abundant stable isotope, 59Co, is electron capture and the primary mode of decay for those of greater than 59 atomic mass units is beta decay .	00
Q1947	what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have	Isotopes of cobalt	The primary decay products before 59Co are iron isotopes and the primary products after are nickel isotopes.	00
Q1947	what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have	Isotopes of cobalt	Standard atomic mass: 58.933195(5) u	00
Q1948	Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis	Who Moved My Cheese?	Who Moved My Cheese?	00
Q1948	Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis	Who Moved My Cheese?	An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life, published in 1998, is a motivational book by Spencer Johnson written in the style of a parable or business fable .	00
Q1948	Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis	Who Moved My Cheese?	It describes change in one's work and life, and four typical reactions to said change by two mice and two "littlepeople", during their hunt for cheese .	11
Q1948	Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis	Who Moved My Cheese?	A New York Times business bestseller since release, Who Moved My Cheese?	00
Q1948	Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis	Who Moved My Cheese?	remained on the list for almost five years and spent over 200 weeks on Publishers Weekly's hardcover nonfiction list.	00
Q1948	Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis	Who Moved My Cheese?	It has sold more than 26 million copies worldwide in 37 languages and remains to be one of the best-selling business books.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev ( – September 11, 1971) led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War .	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	He served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers , or Premier, from 1958 to 1964.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	Khrushchev was responsible for the partial de-Stalinization of the Soviet Union, for backing the progress of the early Soviet space program , and for several relatively liberal reforms in areas of domestic policy.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and Alexei Kosygin as Premier.	11
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	Khrushchev was born in the Russian village of Kalinovka in 1894, close to the present-day border between Russia and Ukraine .	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	He was employed as a metalworker in his youth, and during the Russian Civil War was a political commissar .	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	With the help of Lazar Kaganovich , he worked his way up the Soviet hierarchy.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	He supported Joseph Stalin 's purges , and approved thousands of arrests.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	In 1939, Stalin sent him to govern Ukraine , and he continued the purges there.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	During what was known in the Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War ( Eastern Front of World War II ), Khrushchev was again a commissar, serving as an intermediary between Stalin and his generals.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	Khrushchev was present at the bloody defense of Stalingrad , a fact he took great pride in throughout his life.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	After the war, he returned to Ukraine before being recalled to Moscow as one of Stalin's close advisers.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	In the power struggle triggered by Stalin's death in 1953, Khrushchev, after several years, emerged victorious.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	On February 25, 1956, at the 20th Party Congress , he delivered the " Secret Speech ," denouncing Stalin's purges and ushering in a less repressive era in the Soviet Union.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	His domestic policies, aimed at bettering the lives of ordinary citizens, were often ineffective, especially in the area of agriculture.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	Hoping eventually to rely on missiles for national defense, Khrushchev ordered major cuts in conventional forces.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	Despite the cuts, Khrushchev's rule saw the tensest years of the Cold War, culminating in the Cuban Missile Crisis .	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	Some of Khrushchev's policies were seen as erratic, particularly by his emerging rivals, who quietly rose in strength and deposed him in October 1964.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	He did not suffer the deadly fate of some previous losers of Soviet power struggles, but was pensioned off with an apartment in Moscow and a dacha in the countryside.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	His lengthy memoirs were smuggled to the West and published in part in 1970.	00
Q1949	who replaced nikita khrushchev	Nikita Khrushchev	Khrushchev died in 1971 of heart disease.	00
Q1950	what to look for with GI bleeding	Upper gastrointestinal bleeding	Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding refers to hemorrhage in the upper gastrointestinal tract .	00
Q1950	what to look for with GI bleeding	Upper gastrointestinal bleeding	The anatomic cut-off for upper GI bleeding is the ligament of Treitz , which connects the fourth portion of the duodenum to the diaphragm near the splenic flexure of the colon .	00
Q1950	what to look for with GI bleeding	Upper gastrointestinal bleeding	Upper GI bleeds are considered medical emergencies , and require admission to hospital for urgent diagnosis and management.	00
Q1950	what to look for with GI bleeding	Upper gastrointestinal bleeding	Due to advances in medications and endoscopy , upper GI hemorrhage is now usually treated without surgery.	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	World population estimates from 1800 to 2100, based on UN 2010 projections (red, orange, green) and US Census Bureau historical estimates (black).	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	Actual recorded population figures are in blue.	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	According to the highest estimate, the world population may rise to 16 billion by 2100; according to the lowest estimate, it may decline to 6 billion.	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	The world population is the total number of living humans on Earth .	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	As of today, it is estimated to number billion by the United States Census Bureau (USCB).	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	The USCB estimates that the world population exceeded 7 billion on March 12, 2012.	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	According to a separate estimate by the United Nations Population Fund , it reached this milestone on October 31, 2011.	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	The world population has experienced continuous growth since the end of the Great Famine and the Black Death in 1350, when it stood at around 370 million.	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	The highest rates of growth – global population increases above 1.8% per year – were seen briefly during the 1950s, and for a longer period during the 1960s and 1970s.	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	The growth rate peaked at 2.2% in 1963, and had declined to 1.1% by 2011.	00
Q1951	what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population	World population	Total annual births were highest in the late 1980s at about 138 million, and are now expected to remain essentially constant at their 2011 level of 134 million, while deaths number 56 million per year, and are expected to increase to 80 million per year by 2040.	00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

The history of the board game Monopoly can be traced back to the early 20th century.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

The earliest known design was by the American, Elizabeth Magie , patented in 1904 but existing as early as 1902.

11

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Magie's original intent was to publish a board game to illustrate an economic principle, namely the Georgist concept of a single land value tax.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

A series of board games were developed from 1906 through the 1930s that involved the buying and selling of land and the development of that land.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

By 1934, a board game had been created much like the version of Monopoly sold by Parker Brothers and its related companies through the rest of the 20th century, and into the 21st.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Several people, mostly in the Midwestern United States and near the East Coast , contributed to the game's design and evolution.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

By the 1970s, the idea that the game had been created solely by Charles Darrow had become popular folklore; it was printed in the game's instructions for many years, in a 1974 book devoted to Monopoly, and was cited in a general book about toys even as recently as 2007.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Even a guide to family games published for Reader's Digest in 2003 only gave credit to Darrow and Elizabeth Magie, erroneously stating that Magie's original game was created in the 1800s, and not acknowledging any of the game's development between Magie's creation of the game, and the eventual publication by Parker Brothers .

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Also in the 1970s, Professor Ralph Anspach , who had himself published a board game intended to illustrate the principles of both monopolies and trust busting , fought Parker Brothers and its then parent company, General Mills , over the trademarks of the Monopoly board game.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Through the research of Anspach and others, much of the early history of the game was "rediscovered".

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Anspach confronted Maxine Brady, author of the 1974 book The Monopoly Book: Strategy and Tactics of the World's Most Popular Game over the actual history of the game on Barry Farber 's New York City talk show in 1975.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Because of the lengthy court process, including appeals, the legal status of Parker Brothers' trademarks on the game was not settled until 1985.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

The game's name remains a registered trademark of Parker Brothers, as do its specific design elements.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

At the conclusion of the court case, the game's logo and graphic design elements became part of a larger Monopoly brand, licensed by Parker Brothers' parent companies onto a variety of items through the present day.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Despite the "rediscovery" of the board game's early history in the 1970s and 1980s, and several books and journal articles on the subject, Hasbro (Parker Brothers' current parent company) did not acknowledge any of the game's history before Charles Darrow on its official Monopoly website as recently as June 2012.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Nor did Hasbro acknowledge anyone other than Darrow in materials published or sponsored by them, at least as recently as 2006.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

International tournaments, first held in the early 1970s, continue to the present, with the next world championship likely scheduled for 2013.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Starting in 1985, a new generation of spin-off board games and card games appeared on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean .

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

In 1989, the first of many video game and computer game editions was published.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Since 1994, many official variants of the game, based on locations other than Atlantic City , New Jersey (the official U.S. setting) or London (the official Commonwealth setting, excepting Canada), have been published by Hasbro or its licensees.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

In 2008, Hasbro permanently changed the color scheme and some of the gameplay of the standard U.S. Edition of the game to match the UK Edition, although the U.S. standard edition maintains the Atlantic City property names.

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

Hasbro also modified the official logo to give the "Mr. Monopoly" character a 3-D computer-generated look, which has since been adopted by licensees USAopoly , Winning Moves and Winning Solutions .

00

Q1942

when monopoly came out

History of the board game Monopoly

And Hasbro has also been including the Speed Die, introduced in 2006's Monopoly: The Mega Edition by Winning Moves Games, in versions produced directly by Hasbro (such as the 2009 Championship Edition).

00

Q1943

what is a sacrifice in baseball

Sacrifice fly

In baseball , a sacrifice fly is a batted ball that satisfies four criteria:

00

Q1943

what is a sacrifice in baseball

Sacrifice fly

There are fewer than two outs when the ball is hit.

00

Q1943

what is a sacrifice in baseball

Sacrifice fly

The ball is hit to the outfield (fair or foul), or to infield foul territory .

00

Q1943

what is a sacrifice in baseball

Sacrifice fly

The batter is put out because an outfielder (or an infielder running in the outfield, or foul territory) catches the ball on the fly (alternatively if the batter would have been out if not for an error or if the outfielder drops the ball and another runner is put out).

00

Q1943

what is a sacrifice in baseball

Sacrifice fly

A runner who is already on base scores on the play.

00

Q1943

what is a sacrifice in baseball

Sacrifice fly

It is called a "sacrifice" fly because the batter presumably intends to cause a teammate to score a run, while sacrificing his own ability to do so.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Minnesota () is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States .

11

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the 32nd state on May 11, 1858.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Known as the "Land of 10,000 Lakes", the state's name comes from a Dakota word for "sky-tinted water".

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Those waters, together with forests, parks, and wilderness areas, offer residents and tourists a variety of outdoor recreational opportunities.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Minnesota is the 12th most extensive and the 21st most populous of the U.S. states.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Nearly 60% of its residents live in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area (known as the "Twin Cities"), the center of transportation, business, industry, education, government and home to an internationally known arts community.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

The remainder of the state consists of western prairies now given over to intensive agriculture; deciduous forests in the southeast, now cleared, farmed and settled; and the less populated North Woods , used for mining, forestry, and recreation.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Minnesota is known for its relatively mixed social and political orientations, and has a high rate of civic participation and voter turnout.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Minnesota ranks among the healthiest states, and has a highly literate population.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

The large majority of residents are of Scandinavian and German descent.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

The state is known as a center of Scandinavian American culture.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Ethnic diversity has increased in recent decades.

00

Q1945

what state is Mn

Minnesota

Substantial influxes of Asian , African , and Latin American immigrants have joined the descendants of European settlers and the original Native American inhabitants.

00

Q1946

who do I talk to about federal grants

Grant (money)

Grants are non-repayable funds by one party (grant makers), often a government department, corporation, foundation or trust, to a , often (but not always) a nonprofit entity, educational institution, business or an individual.

00

Q1946

who do I talk to about federal grants

Grant (money)

In order to receive a grant, some form of "Grant Writing" often referred to as either a proposal or an application is usually required.

00

Q1946

who do I talk to about federal grants

Grant (money)

Most grants are made to fund a specific project and require some level of compliance and reporting.

00

Q1946

who do I talk to about federal grants

Grant (money)

The grant writing process involves an applicant submitting a proposal (or submission) to a potential funder, either on the applicant's own initiative or in response to a Request for Proposal from the funder.

00

Q1946

who do I talk to about federal grants

Grant (money)

Other grants can be given to individuals, such as victims of natural disasters or individuals who seek to open a small business .

00

Q1946

who do I talk to about federal grants

Grant (money)

Sometimes grant makers require grant seekers to have some form of tax-exempt status, be a registered nonprofit organization or a local government.

00

Q1946

who do I talk to about federal grants

Grant (money)

For example, tiered funding for a freeway are very large grants negotiated at government policy level.

00

Q1946

who do I talk to about federal grants

Grant (money)

However smaller grants may be provided by a government agency (e.g. municipal government).

00

Q1946

who do I talk to about federal grants

Grant (money)

Project-related funding involving governments, business, communities, and individuals is often arranged by application either in writing or online.

00

Q1947

what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have

Isotopes of cobalt

Naturally occurring cobalt (Co) is composed of 1 stable isotope , 59Co. 28 radioisotopes have been characterized with the most stable being 60Co with a half-life of 5.2714 years, 57Co with a half-life of 271.79 days, 56Co with a half-life of 77.27 days, and 58Co with a half-life of 70.86 days.

11

Q1947

what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have

Isotopes of cobalt

All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have half-lives that are less than 18 hours and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than 1 second.

00

Q1947

what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have

Isotopes of cobalt

This element also has 11 meta states , all of which have half-lives less than 15 minutes.

00

Q1947

what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have

Isotopes of cobalt

The isotopes of cobalt range in atomic weight from 47Co to 75Co.

00

Q1947

what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have

Isotopes of cobalt

The primary decay mode for isotopes with atomic mass unit values less than that of the most abundant stable isotope, 59Co, is electron capture and the primary mode of decay for those of greater than 59 atomic mass units is beta decay .

00

Q1947

what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have

Isotopes of cobalt

The primary decay products before 59Co are iron isotopes and the primary products after are nickel isotopes.

00

Q1947

what naturally occurring isotopes does cobalt have

Isotopes of cobalt

Standard atomic mass: 58.933195(5) u

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Q1948

Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis

Who Moved My Cheese?

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Q1948

Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis

Who Moved My Cheese?

An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life, published in 1998, is a motivational book by Spencer Johnson written in the style of a parable or business fable .

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Q1948

Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis

Who Moved My Cheese?

It describes change in one's work and life, and four typical reactions to said change by two mice and two "littlepeople", during their hunt for cheese .

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Q1948

Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis

Who Moved My Cheese?

A New York Times business bestseller since release, Who Moved My Cheese?

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Q1948

Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis

Who Moved My Cheese?

remained on the list for almost five years and spent over 200 weeks on Publishers Weekly's hardcover nonfiction list.

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Q1948

Who Moved My Cheese Synopsis

Who Moved My Cheese?

It has sold more than 26 million copies worldwide in 37 languages and remains to be one of the best-selling business books.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev ( – September 11, 1971) led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War .

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

He served as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and as Chairman of the Council of Ministers , or Premier, from 1958 to 1964.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Khrushchev was responsible for the partial de-Stalinization of the Soviet Union, for backing the progress of the early Soviet space program , and for several relatively liberal reforms in areas of domestic policy.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Khrushchev's party colleagues removed him from power in 1964, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and Alexei Kosygin as Premier.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Khrushchev was born in the Russian village of Kalinovka in 1894, close to the present-day border between Russia and Ukraine .

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

He was employed as a metalworker in his youth, and during the Russian Civil War was a political commissar .

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

With the help of Lazar Kaganovich , he worked his way up the Soviet hierarchy.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

He supported Joseph Stalin 's purges , and approved thousands of arrests.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

In 1939, Stalin sent him to govern Ukraine , and he continued the purges there.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

During what was known in the Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War ( Eastern Front of World War II ), Khrushchev was again a commissar, serving as an intermediary between Stalin and his generals.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Khrushchev was present at the bloody defense of Stalingrad , a fact he took great pride in throughout his life.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

After the war, he returned to Ukraine before being recalled to Moscow as one of Stalin's close advisers.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

In the power struggle triggered by Stalin's death in 1953, Khrushchev, after several years, emerged victorious.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

On February 25, 1956, at the 20th Party Congress , he delivered the " Secret Speech ," denouncing Stalin's purges and ushering in a less repressive era in the Soviet Union.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

His domestic policies, aimed at bettering the lives of ordinary citizens, were often ineffective, especially in the area of agriculture.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Hoping eventually to rely on missiles for national defense, Khrushchev ordered major cuts in conventional forces.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Despite the cuts, Khrushchev's rule saw the tensest years of the Cold War, culminating in the Cuban Missile Crisis .

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Some of Khrushchev's policies were seen as erratic, particularly by his emerging rivals, who quietly rose in strength and deposed him in October 1964.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

He did not suffer the deadly fate of some previous losers of Soviet power struggles, but was pensioned off with an apartment in Moscow and a dacha in the countryside.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

His lengthy memoirs were smuggled to the West and published in part in 1970.

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Q1949

who replaced nikita khrushchev

Nikita Khrushchev

Khrushchev died in 1971 of heart disease.

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Q1950

what to look for with GI bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding refers to hemorrhage in the upper gastrointestinal tract .

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Q1950

what to look for with GI bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding

The anatomic cut-off for upper GI bleeding is the ligament of Treitz , which connects the fourth portion of the duodenum to the diaphragm near the splenic flexure of the colon .

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Q1950

what to look for with GI bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Upper GI bleeds are considered medical emergencies , and require admission to hospital for urgent diagnosis and management.

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Q1950

what to look for with GI bleeding

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Due to advances in medications and endoscopy , upper GI hemorrhage is now usually treated without surgery.

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

World population estimates from 1800 to 2100, based on UN 2010 projections (red, orange, green) and US Census Bureau historical estimates (black).

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

Actual recorded population figures are in blue.

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

According to the highest estimate, the world population may rise to 16 billion by 2100; according to the lowest estimate, it may decline to 6 billion.

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

The world population is the total number of living humans on Earth .

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

As of today, it is estimated to number billion by the United States Census Bureau (USCB).

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

The USCB estimates that the world population exceeded 7 billion on March 12, 2012.

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

According to a separate estimate by the United Nations Population Fund , it reached this milestone on October 31, 2011.

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

The world population has experienced continuous growth since the end of the Great Famine and the Black Death in 1350, when it stood at around 370 million.

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

The highest rates of growth – global population increases above 1.8% per year – were seen briefly during the 1950s, and for a longer period during the 1960s and 1970s.

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

The growth rate peaked at 2.2% in 1963, and had declined to 1.1% by 2011.

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Q1951

what percent of kids 15 and under make up the human population

World population

Total annual births were highest in the late 1980s at about 138 million, and are now expected to remain essentially constant at their 2011 level of 134 million, while deaths number 56 million per year, and are expected to increase to 80 million per year by 2040.

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