microsoft/wiki_qa · Datasets at Hugging Face

question_id stringlengths 2 5	question stringlengths 11 120	document_title stringlengths 2 81	answer stringlengths 2 1.08k	label class label 2 classes
Q114	how fast is one g	G-force	These are examples of coordinate acceleration (a change in velocity) without a sensation of weight.	00
Q114	how fast is one g	G-force	The experience of no g-force (zero-g), however it is produced, is synonymous with weightlessness .	00
Q114	how fast is one g	G-force	In the absence of gravitational fields, or in directions at right angles to them, proper and coordinate accelerations are the same, and any coordinate acceleration must be produced by a corresponding g-force acceleration.	00
Q114	how fast is one g	G-force	An example here is a rocket in free space, in which simple changes in velocity are produced by the engines, and produce g-forces on the rocket and passengers.	00
Q116	What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?	Augur	An augur holding a lituus , the curved wand often used as a symbol of augury on Roman coins	00
Q116	What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?	Augur	The augur was a priest and official in the classical world, especially ancient Rome and Etruria .	00
Q116	What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?	Augur	His main role was to interpret the will of the gods by studying the flight of birds : whether they are flying in groups or alone, what noises they make as they fly, direction of flight and what kind of birds they are.	11
Q116	What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?	Augur	This was known as "taking the auspices ."	00
Q116	What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?	Augur	The ceremony and function of the augur was central to any major undertaking in Roman society—public or private—including matters of war, commerce, and religion .	00
Q116	What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?	Augur	The Roman historian Livy stresses the importance of the augurs: "Who does not know that this city was founded only after taking the auspices, that everything in war and in peace, at home and abroad, was done only after taking the auspices?"	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	Farmington Hills is an affluent community in southeastern Michigan .	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	It is the second largest city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan .	11
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	Its population was 79,740 at the 2010 census .	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	It is part of the upscale northwestern suburbs of Metropolitan Detroit and is also northeast of downtown Ann Arbor .	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	Farmington Hills consistently ranks as one of the safest cities in the United States , as well as in the state of Michigan.	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	In 2010, the area ranked as the 30th safest city in America.	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	Although the two cities have separate services and addresses, Farmington and Farmington Hills are often thought of as the same community.	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	Features of the community include a recently renovated downtown, boutiques, a vintage cinema, numerous restaurants, exotic car dealerships, art galleries, and public parks including Heritage Park.	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	There are several historical sites including the Longacre House and the Governor Warner Mansion.	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	Both cities are served by Farmington Public Schools .	00
Q118	What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?	Farmington Hills, Michigan	Farmington Hills serves as a major business center for the greater Detroit area.	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	Present-day impression of a Late Bronze Age seal	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	Town seal (matrix) of Náchod from 1570	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	A seal is a device for making an impression in wax, clay, paper, or some other medium, including an embossment on paper, and is also the impression thus made.	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	The original purpose was to authenticate a document, a wrapper for one such as a modern envelope, or the cover of a container or package holding valuables or other objects.	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	The sealing process is essentially that of a mould , with the final image represented on the device for making the impression by a mirror-image design, incised in sunken- (or counter-) relief or intaglio .	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	The seal-making device is also referred to as the seal matrix or die; the imprint it creates as the seal impression (or, more rarely, the sealing).	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	If the impression is made purely as a relief resulting from the greater pressure on the paper where the high parts of the matrix touch, the seal is known as a dry seal; in all other cases a liquid or liquified medium (such as ink or wax) is used, usually in another color than the paper.	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	For legal purposes, the definition of a seal may be extended to include rubber stamps , or writing specified words ("seal" or "L.S.").	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	In the United States, the word "seal" is sometimes assigned to a facsimile of the seal design (in monochrome or color), which may be used in a variety of contexts including architectural settings, on flags , or on official letterheads .	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	Thus, for example, the Great Seal of the United States , among other uses, appears on the reverse of the one-dollar bill ; and several of the seals of the U.S. states appear on their respective state flags .	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	In Europe, although coats of arms and heraldic badges may well feature in such contexts as well as on seals, the seal design in its entirety rarely appears as an emblem.	00
Q120	how were letters sealed in the 1800s	Seal (emblem)	The study of seals is known as sigillography or sphragistics.	00
Q121	what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day	Groundhog Day	Groundhog Day ( Pennsylvania German : Grundsaudaag, Murmeltiertag) is a day celebrated on February 2.	00
Q121	what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day	Groundhog Day	According to folklore, if it is cloudy when a groundhog emerges from its burrow on this day, then spring will come early; if it is sunny, the groundhog will supposedly see its shadow and retreat back into its burrow, and the winter weather will continue for six more weeks.	11
Q121	what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day	Groundhog Day	Modern customs of the holiday involve celebrations where early morning festivals are held to watch the groundhog emerging from its burrow.	00
Q121	what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day	Groundhog Day	In southeastern Pennsylvania, Groundhog Lodges (Grundsow Lodges) celebrate the holiday with fersommlinge , social events in which food is served, speeches are made, and one or more g'spiel (plays or skits) are performed for entertainment.	00
Q121	what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day	Groundhog Day	The Pennsylvania German dialect is the only language spoken at the event, and those who speak English pay a penalty, usually in the form of a nickel , dime , or quarter per word spoken, with the money put into a bowl in the center of the table.	00
Q121	what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day	Groundhog Day	The largest Groundhog Day celebration is held in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania .	00
Q121	what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day	Groundhog Day	Groundhog Day, already a widely recognized and popular tradition, received widespread attention as a result of the 1993 film Groundhog Day , which was set in Punxsutawney, PA (though filmed primarily in Woodstock, IL) and portrayed Punxsutawney Phil .	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	High resolution image of Tampa Bay region	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	The Tampa Bay area has a humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa), with warm and humid summers with frequent thunderstorms and drier winters with freezing temperatures occurring every 2–3 years.	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	The area experiences a significant summer wet season , as nearly two-thirds of the annual precipitation falls in the months of June through September.	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	The area is listed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) as being in hardiness zone 10 , which is about the northern limit of where coconut palms and royal palms can be grown.	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	Highs usually range between 65 and 95 °F (18 and 35 °C ) year round.	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	Though known for hot summers, Tampa's official high has never reached 100 °F (38 °C) – the city's all-time record temperature is 99 °F (37 °C).	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	St. Petersburg's all-time record high is exactly 100 °F (38 °C).	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	Pinellas County lies on a peninsula between Tampa Bay and the Gulf of Mexico , and much of the city of Tampa lies on a smaller peninsula jutting out into Tampa Bay.	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	This proximity to large bodies of water both moderates temperatures and introduces large amounts of humidity into the atmosphere.	00
Q122	how is the weather in tampa	Climate of the Tampa Bay area	In general, the local communities farthest from the coast have larger temperature ranges, both during a single day and throughout the seasons of the year.	00
Q124	What generates gamma radiation	Electromagnetic spectrum	A diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum, showing various properties across the range of frequencies and wavelengths	00
Q124	What generates gamma radiation	Electromagnetic spectrum	The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation .	00
Q124	What generates gamma radiation	Electromagnetic spectrum	The "electromagnetic spectrum" of an object has a different meaning, and is instead the characteristic distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by that particular object.	00
Q124	What generates gamma radiation	Electromagnetic spectrum	The electromagnetic spectrum extends from below the low frequencies used for modern radio communication to gamma radiation at the short- wavelength (high-frequency) end, thereby covering wavelengths from thousands of kilometers down to a fraction of the size of an atom .	00
Q124	What generates gamma radiation	Electromagnetic spectrum	The limit for long wavelengths is the size of the universe itself, while it is thought that the short wavelength limit is in the vicinity of the Planck length , although in principle the spectrum is infinite and continuous .	00
Q124	What generates gamma radiation	Electromagnetic spectrum	Most parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are used in science for spectroscopic and other probing interactions, as ways to study and characterize matter.	00
Q124	What generates gamma radiation	Electromagnetic spectrum	In addition, radiation from various parts of the spectrum has found many other uses for communications and manufacturing (see electromagnetic radiation for more applications).	00
Q124	What generates gamma radiation	Electromagnetic spectrum	Legend	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Franklin Delano Roosevelt ( or ; January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), also known by his initials, FDR, was the 32nd President of the United States (1933–1945) and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic depression and total war.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	A dominant leader of the Democratic Party and the only American president elected to more than two terms, he built a New Deal Coalition that realigned American politics after 1932, as his domestic policies defined American liberalism for the middle third of the 20th century.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	With the bouncy popular song " Happy Days Are Here Again " as his campaign theme, FDR defeated incumbent Republican Herbert Hoover in November 1932 , at the depth of the Great Depression .	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Energized by his personal victory over polio , FDR's unfailing optimism and activism contributed to a renewal of the national spirit.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	He worked closely with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Soviet General Secretary Joseph Stalin in leading the Allies against Germany and Japan in World War II , and restoring prosperity to the nation's economy.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	In his first hundred days in office, which began March 4, 1933, Roosevelt spearheaded major legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders that instituted the New Deal —a variety of programs designed to produce relief (government jobs for the unemployed), recovery (economic growth), and reform (through regulation of Wall Street, banks and transportation).	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	The economy improved rapidly from 1933 to 1937, but then relapsed into a deep recession.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	The bipartisan Conservative Coalition that formed in 1937 prevented his packing the Supreme Court or passing any considerable legislation; it abolished many of the relief programs when unemployment diminished during World War II.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Most of the regulations on business were ended about 1975–85, except for the regulation of Wall Street by the Securities and Exchange Commission , which still exists.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Along with several smaller programs, major surviving programs include the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation , which was created in 1933, and Social Security , which Congress passed in 1935.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	As World War II loomed after 1938, with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggression of Nazi Germany , FDR gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China and Great Britain, while remaining officially neutral.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	His goal was to make America the " Arsenal of Democracy " which would supply munitions to the Allies .	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	In March 1941, Roosevelt, with Congressional approval, provided Lend-Lease aid to the countries fighting against Nazi Germany with Britain.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	With very strong national support, he made war on Japan and Germany after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, calling it a " date which will live in infamy ".	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	He supervised the mobilization of the U.S. economy to support the Allied war effort.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	As an active military leader, Roosevelt implemented an overall war strategy on two fronts that ended in the defeat of the Axis Powers and the development of the world's first atom bomb .	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	In 1942 Roosevelt ordered the internment of 100,000 Japanese American civilians.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Unemployment dropped to 2%, relief programs largely ended, and the industrial economy grew rapidly to new heights as millions of people moved to new jobs in war centers, and 16 million men and 300,000 women were drafted or volunteered for military service.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Roosevelt dominated the American political scene not only during the twelve years of his presidency, but also for decades afterward.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	He orchestrated the realignment of voters that created the Fifth Party System .	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	FDR's New Deal Coalition united labor unions, big city machines, white ethnics, African Americans and rural white Southerners.	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	He also influenced the later creation of the United Nations and Bretton Woods .	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	Roosevelt is consistently rated by scholars as one of the top three U.S. Presidents , along with Abraham Lincoln and George Washington .	00
Q125	how many presidential terms did fdr serve	Franklin D. Roosevelt	A liberal Democrat, Roosevelt defined his ideological position as "a little left of center."	00
Q127	What committees are joint committees	Joint committee	A Joint Committee is a term in politics that is used to refer to a committee made up of members of both chambers of a bicameral legislature.	11
Q127	What committees are joint committees	Joint committee	In other contexts, it refers to a committee with members from more than one organization.	00
Q128	HOW MANY BROTHELS WERE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1840'S	Prostitution in the United States	The regulation of prostitution in the United States is not among the enumerated powers of the federal government ; Under the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , it is therefore exclusively the domain of the states to permit, prohibit, or otherwise regulate commercial sex , except insofar as Congress may regulate it as part of interstate commerce with laws like the Mann Act .	00
Q128	HOW MANY BROTHELS WERE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1840'S	Prostitution in the United States	In most states, prostitution is considered a misdemeanor in the category of public order crime , a crime that disrupts the order of a community.	00
Q128	HOW MANY BROTHELS WERE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1840'S	Prostitution in the United States	It was at one time considered to be a vagrancy crime.	00
Q128	HOW MANY BROTHELS WERE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1840'S	Prostitution in the United States	Currently, Nevada is the only state to allow brothel prostitution, the terms of which are stipulated in the Nevada Revised Statutes.	00
Q128	HOW MANY BROTHELS WERE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1840'S	Prostitution in the United States	Only 8 counties currently contain active brothels.	00
Q128	HOW MANY BROTHELS WERE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1840'S	Prostitution in the United States	All forms of prostitution are illegal in Clark County (which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area ), Washoe County (which contains Reno ), Carson City , Douglas County , and Lincoln County .	00
Q128	HOW MANY BROTHELS WERE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1840'S	Prostitution in the United States	The other counties theoretically allow brothel prostitution, but some of these counties currently have no active brothels.	00
Q128	HOW MANY BROTHELS WERE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1840'S	Prostitution in the United States	Street prostitution , "pandering," and living off of the proceeds of a prostitute remain illegal under Nevada law, as elsewhere in the country.	00
Q128	HOW MANY BROTHELS WERE THERE IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1840'S	Prostitution in the United States	As with other countries, prostitution in the United States can be divided into three broad categories: street prostitution, brothel prostitution, and escort prostitution.	00
Q129	how many stripes on the flag	Flag of the United States	The national flag of the United States of America , often simply referred to as the American flag, consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars.	00
Q129	how many stripes on the flag	Flag of the United States	The 50 stars on the flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America and the 13 stripes represent the thirteen British colonies that declared independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain and became the first states in the Union.	11
Q129	how many stripes on the flag	Flag of the United States	Nicknames for the flag include the "Stars and Stripes", " Old Glory ", and " The Star-Spangled Banner ."	00
Q130	How many states and territories are within India?	States and territories of India	India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight states and seven union territories .	11
Q130	How many states and territories are within India?	States and territories of India	The states and territories are further subdivided into districts and so on.	00
Q133	what congressional district am i in	List of United States congressional districts	Congressional districts for the 113th United States Congress	00
Q133	what congressional district am i in	List of United States congressional districts	2010 Census change:	00

Q114

how fast is one g

G-force

These are examples of coordinate acceleration (a change in velocity) without a sensation of weight.

00

Q114

how fast is one g

G-force

The experience of no g-force (zero-g), however it is produced, is synonymous with weightlessness .

00

Q114

how fast is one g

G-force

In the absence of gravitational fields, or in directions at right angles to them, proper and coordinate accelerations are the same, and any coordinate acceleration must be produced by a corresponding g-force acceleration.

00

Q114

how fast is one g

G-force

An example here is a rocket in free space, in which simple changes in velocity are produced by the engines, and produce g-forces on the rocket and passengers.

00

Q116

What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?

Augur

An augur holding a lituus , the curved wand often used as a symbol of augury on Roman coins

00

Q116

What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?

Augur

The augur was a priest and official in the classical world, especially ancient Rome and Etruria .

00

Q116

What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?

Augur

His main role was to interpret the will of the gods by studying the flight of birds : whether they are flying in groups or alone, what noises they make as they fly, direction of flight and what kind of birds they are.

11

Q116

What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?

Augur

This was known as "taking the auspices ."

00

Q116

What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?

Augur

The ceremony and function of the augur was central to any major undertaking in Roman society—public or private—including matters of war, commerce, and religion .

00

Q116

What did the augurs use to interpret the will of the gods?

Augur

The Roman historian Livy stresses the importance of the augurs: "Who does not know that this city was founded only after taking the auspices, that everything in war and in peace, at home and abroad, was done only after taking the auspices?"

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

Farmington Hills is an affluent community in southeastern Michigan .

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

It is the second largest city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan .

11

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

Its population was 79,740 at the 2010 census .

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

It is part of the upscale northwestern suburbs of Metropolitan Detroit and is also northeast of downtown Ann Arbor .

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

Farmington Hills consistently ranks as one of the safest cities in the United States , as well as in the state of Michigan.

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

In 2010, the area ranked as the 30th safest city in America.

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

Although the two cities have separate services and addresses, Farmington and Farmington Hills are often thought of as the same community.

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

Features of the community include a recently renovated downtown, boutiques, a vintage cinema, numerous restaurants, exotic car dealerships, art galleries, and public parks including Heritage Park.

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

There are several historical sites including the Longacre House and the Governor Warner Mansion.

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

Both cities are served by Farmington Public Schools .

00

Q118

What county is Farmington Hills, MI in?

Farmington Hills, Michigan

Farmington Hills serves as a major business center for the greater Detroit area.

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

Present-day impression of a Late Bronze Age seal

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

Town seal (matrix) of Náchod from 1570

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

A seal is a device for making an impression in wax, clay, paper, or some other medium, including an embossment on paper, and is also the impression thus made.

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

The original purpose was to authenticate a document, a wrapper for one such as a modern envelope, or the cover of a container or package holding valuables or other objects.

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

The sealing process is essentially that of a mould , with the final image represented on the device for making the impression by a mirror-image design, incised in sunken- (or counter-) relief or intaglio .

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

The seal-making device is also referred to as the seal matrix or die; the imprint it creates as the seal impression (or, more rarely, the sealing).

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

If the impression is made purely as a relief resulting from the greater pressure on the paper where the high parts of the matrix touch, the seal is known as a dry seal; in all other cases a liquid or liquified medium (such as ink or wax) is used, usually in another color than the paper.

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

For legal purposes, the definition of a seal may be extended to include rubber stamps , or writing specified words ("seal" or "L.S.").

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

In the United States, the word "seal" is sometimes assigned to a facsimile of the seal design (in monochrome or color), which may be used in a variety of contexts including architectural settings, on flags , or on official letterheads .

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

Thus, for example, the Great Seal of the United States , among other uses, appears on the reverse of the one-dollar bill ; and several of the seals of the U.S. states appear on their respective state flags .

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

In Europe, although coats of arms and heraldic badges may well feature in such contexts as well as on seals, the seal design in its entirety rarely appears as an emblem.

00

Q120

how were letters sealed in the 1800s

Seal (emblem)

The study of seals is known as sigillography or sphragistics.

00

Q121

what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day

Groundhog Day

Groundhog Day ( Pennsylvania German : Grundsaudaag, Murmeltiertag) is a day celebrated on February 2.

00

Q121

what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day

Groundhog Day

According to folklore, if it is cloudy when a groundhog emerges from its burrow on this day, then spring will come early; if it is sunny, the groundhog will supposedly see its shadow and retreat back into its burrow, and the winter weather will continue for six more weeks.

11

Q121

what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day

Groundhog Day

Modern customs of the holiday involve celebrations where early morning festivals are held to watch the groundhog emerging from its burrow.

00

Q121

what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day

Groundhog Day

In southeastern Pennsylvania, Groundhog Lodges (Grundsow Lodges) celebrate the holiday with fersommlinge , social events in which food is served, speeches are made, and one or more g'spiel (plays or skits) are performed for entertainment.

00

Q121

what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day

Groundhog Day

The Pennsylvania German dialect is the only language spoken at the event, and those who speak English pay a penalty, usually in the form of a nickel , dime , or quarter per word spoken, with the money put into a bowl in the center of the table.

00

Q121

what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day

Groundhog Day

The largest Groundhog Day celebration is held in Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania .

00

Q121

what does a groundhog look for on groundhog day

Groundhog Day

Groundhog Day, already a widely recognized and popular tradition, received widespread attention as a result of the 1993 film Groundhog Day , which was set in Punxsutawney, PA (though filmed primarily in Woodstock, IL) and portrayed Punxsutawney Phil .

00

Q122

how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

High resolution image of Tampa Bay region

00

Q122

how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

The Tampa Bay area has a humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa), with warm and humid summers with frequent thunderstorms and drier winters with freezing temperatures occurring every 2–3 years.

00

Q122

how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

The area experiences a significant summer wet season , as nearly two-thirds of the annual precipitation falls in the months of June through September.

00

Q122

how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

The area is listed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) as being in hardiness zone 10 , which is about the northern limit of where coconut palms and royal palms can be grown.

00

Q122

how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

Highs usually range between 65 and 95 °F (18 and 35 °C ) year round.

00

Q122

how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

Though known for hot summers, Tampa's official high has never reached 100 °F (38 °C) – the city's all-time record temperature is 99 °F (37 °C).

00

Q122

how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

St. Petersburg's all-time record high is exactly 100 °F (38 °C).

00

Q122

how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

Pinellas County lies on a peninsula between Tampa Bay and the Gulf of Mexico , and much of the city of Tampa lies on a smaller peninsula jutting out into Tampa Bay.

00

Q122

how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

This proximity to large bodies of water both moderates temperatures and introduces large amounts of humidity into the atmosphere.

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how is the weather in tampa

Climate of the Tampa Bay area

In general, the local communities farthest from the coast have larger temperature ranges, both during a single day and throughout the seasons of the year.

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What generates gamma radiation

Electromagnetic spectrum

A diagram of the electromagnetic spectrum, showing various properties across the range of frequencies and wavelengths

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What generates gamma radiation

Electromagnetic spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation .

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What generates gamma radiation

Electromagnetic spectrum

The "electromagnetic spectrum" of an object has a different meaning, and is instead the characteristic distribution of electromagnetic radiation emitted or absorbed by that particular object.

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What generates gamma radiation

Electromagnetic spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum extends from below the low frequencies used for modern radio communication to gamma radiation at the short- wavelength (high-frequency) end, thereby covering wavelengths from thousands of kilometers down to a fraction of the size of an atom .

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What generates gamma radiation

Electromagnetic spectrum

The limit for long wavelengths is the size of the universe itself, while it is thought that the short wavelength limit is in the vicinity of the Planck length , although in principle the spectrum is infinite and continuous .

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What generates gamma radiation

Electromagnetic spectrum

Most parts of the electromagnetic spectrum are used in science for spectroscopic and other probing interactions, as ways to study and characterize matter.

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What generates gamma radiation

Electromagnetic spectrum

In addition, radiation from various parts of the spectrum has found many other uses for communications and manufacturing (see electromagnetic radiation for more applications).

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What generates gamma radiation

Electromagnetic spectrum

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