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56dede26c65bf219000b3d83 | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought 1992 are so big – each weighs 6,300 lb (2,900 kg) and is 7 feet (2.1 m) wide – that they are classified as big trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn hydrogen. The conversion was reported to have cost about US$21,000. After the election, he signed an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants called the California Hydrogen Highway Network, and gained a U.S. Department of Energy grant to help pay for its projected US$91,000,000 cost. California took delivery of the first H2H (Hydrogen Hummer) in October 2004. | How many pounds does one of Schwarzenegger's Hummers weigh? | {
"text": [
"6,300"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} |
56dede26c65bf219000b3d84 | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought 1992 are so big – each weighs 6,300 lb (2,900 kg) and is 7 feet (2.1 m) wide – that they are classified as big trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn hydrogen. The conversion was reported to have cost about US$21,000. After the election, he signed an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants called the California Hydrogen Highway Network, and gained a U.S. Department of Energy grant to help pay for its projected US$91,000,000 cost. California took delivery of the first H2H (Hydrogen Hummer) in October 2004. | How much did Schwarzenegger spend to convert a Hummer to run on hydrogen? | {
"text": [
"$21,000"
],
"answer_start": [
380
]
} |
56dede26c65bf219000b3d85 | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought 1992 are so big – each weighs 6,300 lb (2,900 kg) and is 7 feet (2.1 m) wide – that they are classified as big trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn hydrogen. The conversion was reported to have cost about US$21,000. After the election, he signed an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants called the California Hydrogen Highway Network, and gained a U.S. Department of Energy grant to help pay for its projected US$91,000,000 cost. California took delivery of the first H2H (Hydrogen Hummer) in October 2004. | What did Schwarzenegger name his plan to build hydrogen refueling stations throughout California? | {
"text": [
"California Hydrogen Highway Network"
],
"answer_start": [
505
]
} |
56dede26c65bf219000b3d86 | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | The Hummers that Schwarzenegger bought 1992 are so big – each weighs 6,300 lb (2,900 kg) and is 7 feet (2.1 m) wide – that they are classified as big trucks, and U.S. fuel economy regulations do not apply to them. During the gubernatorial recall campaign he announced that he would convert one of his Hummers to burn hydrogen. The conversion was reported to have cost about US$21,000. After the election, he signed an executive order to jump-start the building of hydrogen refueling plants called the California Hydrogen Highway Network, and gained a U.S. Department of Energy grant to help pay for its projected US$91,000,000 cost. California took delivery of the first H2H (Hydrogen Hummer) in October 2004. | What governmental department contributed a grant to Schwarzenegger's hydrogen fuel project? | {
"text": [
"U.S. Department of Energy"
],
"answer_start": [
555
]
} |
56dedef03277331400b4d78b | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | Arnold Schwarzenegger has been involved with the Special Olympics for many years after they were founded by his ex-mother-in-law, Eunice Kennedy Shriver. In 2007, Schwarzenegger was the official spokesperson for the Special Olympics which were held in Shanghai, China. Schwarzenegger believes that quality school opportunities should exist made available to children who might not normally exist able to access them. In 1995, he founded the Inner City Games Foundation (ICG) which provides cultural, educational and community enrichment programming to youth. ICG is active in 15 cities around the country and serves over 250,000 children in over 400 schools countrywide. He has also been involved with After-School All-Stars, and founded the Los Angeles branch in 2002. ASAS is an after school program provider, educating youth about health, fitness and nutrition. | What nonprofit did Schwarzenegger found in 1995? | {
"text": [
"the Inner City Games Foundation"
],
"answer_start": [
431
]
} |
56dedef03277331400b4d78c | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | Arnold Schwarzenegger has been involved with the Special Olympics for many years after they were founded by his ex-mother-in-law, Eunice Kennedy Shriver. In 2007, Schwarzenegger was the official spokesperson for the Special Olympics which were held in Shanghai, China. Schwarzenegger believes that quality school opportunities should exist made available to children who might not normally exist able to access them. In 1995, he founded the Inner City Games Foundation (ICG) which provides cultural, educational and community enrichment programming to youth. ICG is active in 15 cities around the country and serves over 250,000 children in over 400 schools countrywide. He has also been involved with After-School All-Stars, and founded the Los Angeles branch in 2002. ASAS is an after school program provider, educating youth about health, fitness and nutrition. | Schwarzenegger was the spokesperson for the Special Olympic games held in what city in China? | {
"text": [
"Shanghai"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
} |
56dedef03277331400b4d78d | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | Arnold Schwarzenegger has been involved with the Special Olympics for many years after they were founded by his ex-mother-in-law, Eunice Kennedy Shriver. In 2007, Schwarzenegger was the official spokesperson for the Special Olympics which were held in Shanghai, China. Schwarzenegger believes that quality school opportunities should exist made available to children who might not normally exist able to access them. In 1995, he founded the Inner City Games Foundation (ICG) which provides cultural, educational and community enrichment programming to youth. ICG is active in 15 cities around the country and serves over 250,000 children in over 400 schools countrywide. He has also been involved with After-School All-Stars, and founded the Los Angeles branch in 2002. ASAS is an after school program provider, educating youth about health, fitness and nutrition. | About how many schools across the country is ICG active in? | {
"text": [
"400"
],
"answer_start": [
640
]
} |
56dedfc3c65bf219000b3d9d | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | In 2012, Schwarzenegger helped to establish the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy, which is a part of the USC Sol Price School of Public Policy at the University of Southern California. The Institute's mission is to "[advance] post-partisanship, where leaders put people over political parties and work together to find the best ideas and solutions to benefit the people they serve," and to "seek to influence public policy and public debate in finding solutions to the serious challenges we face." Schwarzenegger serves as chairman of the Institute. | What school within the University of Southern California does the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy belong to? | {
"text": [
"the USC Sol Price School of Public Policy"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
} |
56dedfc3c65bf219000b3d9e | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | In 2012, Schwarzenegger helped to establish the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy, which is a part of the USC Sol Price School of Public Policy at the University of Southern California. The Institute's mission is to "[advance] post-partisanship, where leaders put people over political parties and work together to find the best ideas and solutions to benefit the people they serve," and to "seek to influence public policy and public debate in finding solutions to the serious challenges we face." Schwarzenegger serves as chairman of the Institute. | In what year was the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy founded? | {
"text": [
"2012"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
56dedfc3c65bf219000b3d9f | Arnold_Schwarzenegger | In 2012, Schwarzenegger helped to establish the Schwarzenegger Institute for State and Global Policy, which is a part of the USC Sol Price School of Public Policy at the University of Southern California. The Institute's mission is to "[advance] post-partisanship, where leaders put people over political parties and work together to find the best ideas and solutions to benefit the people they serve," and to "seek to influence public policy and public debate in finding solutions to the serious challenges we face." Schwarzenegger serves as chairman of the Institute. | What position does Schwarzenegger hold with the Institute? | {
"text": [
"chairman"
],
"answer_start": [
539
]
} |
56de64cf4396321400ee2875 | Plymouth | Plymouth (i/ˈplɪməθ/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Exeter and 190 miles (310 km) west-south-west of London, between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to organize the boundary with Cornwall. | In kilometers, what is the distance from Plymouth to Exeter? | {
"text": [
"60"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} |
56de64cf4396321400ee2876 | Plymouth | Plymouth (i/ˈplɪməθ/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Exeter and 190 miles (310 km) west-south-west of London, between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to organize the boundary with Cornwall. | How many miles away from London is Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"190"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} |
56de64cf4396321400ee2877 | Plymouth | Plymouth (i/ˈplɪməθ/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Exeter and 190 miles (310 km) west-south-west of London, between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to organize the boundary with Cornwall. | What river borders Plymouth on the west? | {
"text": [
"Tamar"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
} |
56de64cf4396321400ee2878 | Plymouth | Plymouth (i/ˈplɪməθ/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Exeter and 190 miles (310 km) west-south-west of London, between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to organize the boundary with Cornwall. | In what county is Plymouth located? | {
"text": [
"Devon"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} |
56de64cf4396321400ee2879 | Plymouth | Plymouth (i/ˈplɪməθ/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Exeter and 190 miles (310 km) west-south-west of London, between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to organize the boundary with Cornwall. | In what body of water do the rivers Tamar and Plym converge? | {
"text": [
"Plymouth Sound"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
} |
56de65324396321400ee287f | Plymouth | Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony – the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. | What was the location of the earliest settlement near Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"Mount Batten"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} |
56de65324396321400ee2880 | Plymouth | Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony – the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. | What was Plymouth's original name? | {
"text": [
"Sutton"
],
"answer_start": [
224
]
} |
56de65324396321400ee2881 | Plymouth | Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony – the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. | In what year did the Pilgrim Fathers sail from Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"1620"
],
"answer_start": [
256
]
} |
56de65324396321400ee2882 | Plymouth | Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony – the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. | When did the siege of Plymouth end during the English Civil War? | {
"text": [
"1646"
],
"answer_start": [
532
]
} |
56de65324396321400ee2883 | Plymouth | Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony – the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. | What was the name of the colony founded by the Pilgrim Fathers in the New World? | {
"text": [
"Plymouth Colony"
],
"answer_start": [
334
]
} |
56de664ccffd8e1900b4b862 | Plymouth | Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling imports and passengers from the Americas, and exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic) while the neighbouring town of Devonport became a strategical Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town. In 1914 three neighbouring independent towns, viz., the county borough of Plymouth, the county borough of Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged to form a single County Borough. The combined town took the name of Plymouth which, in 1928, achieved city status. The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II, an act known as the Plymouth Blitz. After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt and subsequent expansion led to the incorporation of Plympton and Plymstock along with other outlying suburbs in 1967. | What nearby settlement built ships for the Royal Navy? | {
"text": [
"Devonport"
],
"answer_start": [
238
]
} |
56de664ccffd8e1900b4b863 | Plymouth | Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling imports and passengers from the Americas, and exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic) while the neighbouring town of Devonport became a strategical Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town. In 1914 three neighbouring independent towns, viz., the county borough of Plymouth, the county borough of Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged to form a single County Borough. The combined town took the name of Plymouth which, in 1928, achieved city status. The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II, an act known as the Plymouth Blitz. After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt and subsequent expansion led to the incorporation of Plympton and Plymstock along with other outlying suburbs in 1967. | In what year did Plymouth become a city? | {
"text": [
"1928"
],
"answer_start": [
569
]
} |
56de664ccffd8e1900b4b864 | Plymouth | Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling imports and passengers from the Americas, and exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic) while the neighbouring town of Devonport became a strategical Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town. In 1914 three neighbouring independent towns, viz., the county borough of Plymouth, the county borough of Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged to form a single County Borough. The combined town took the name of Plymouth which, in 1928, achieved city status. The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II, an act known as the Plymouth Blitz. After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt and subsequent expansion led to the incorporation of Plympton and Plymstock along with other outlying suburbs in 1967. | What is the term used to describe the attacks on Plymouth during the Second World War? | {
"text": [
"Plymouth Blitz"
],
"answer_start": [
717
]
} |
56de664ccffd8e1900b4b865 | Plymouth | Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling imports and passengers from the Americas, and exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic) while the neighbouring town of Devonport became a strategical Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town. In 1914 three neighbouring independent towns, viz., the county borough of Plymouth, the county borough of Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged to form a single County Borough. The combined town took the name of Plymouth which, in 1928, achieved city status. The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II, an act known as the Plymouth Blitz. After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt and subsequent expansion led to the incorporation of Plympton and Plymstock along with other outlying suburbs in 1967. | In what year was Plymstock incorporated? | {
"text": [
"1967"
],
"answer_start": [
899
]
} |
56de664ccffd8e1900b4b866 | Plymouth | Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling imports and passengers from the Americas, and exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic) while the neighbouring town of Devonport became a strategical Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town. In 1914 three neighbouring independent towns, viz., the county borough of Plymouth, the county borough of Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged to form a single County Borough. The combined town took the name of Plymouth which, in 1928, achieved city status. The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II, an act known as the Plymouth Blitz. After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt and subsequent expansion led to the incorporation of Plympton and Plymstock along with other outlying suburbs in 1967. | Along with Plymouth and Devonport, what location was merged into a county borough in 1914? | {
"text": [
"East Stonehouse"
],
"answer_start": [
454
]
} |
56de66c1cffd8e1900b4b874 | Plymouth | The city is home to 261,546 (mid-2014 est.) people, making it the 30th most populous built-up area in the United Kingdom. It is governed locally by Plymouth City Council and is represented nationally by three MPs. Plymouth's economy remains strongly influenced by shipbuilding and seafaring including ferry links to Brittany (Roscoff and St Malo) and Spain (Santander), but has tended toward a service-based economy since the 1990s. It has the largest operational naval base in Western Europe – HMNB Devonport and is home to Plymouth University. | As of 2014, what was the population of Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"261,546"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} |
56de66c1cffd8e1900b4b875 | Plymouth | The city is home to 261,546 (mid-2014 est.) people, making it the 30th most populous built-up area in the United Kingdom. It is governed locally by Plymouth City Council and is represented nationally by three MPs. Plymouth's economy remains strongly influenced by shipbuilding and seafaring including ferry links to Brittany (Roscoff and St Malo) and Spain (Santander), but has tended toward a service-based economy since the 1990s. It has the largest operational naval base in Western Europe – HMNB Devonport and is home to Plymouth University. | Where does Plymouth rank in population among the cities of the UK? | {
"text": [
"30th"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} |
56de66c1cffd8e1900b4b876 | Plymouth | The city is home to 261,546 (mid-2014 est.) people, making it the 30th most populous built-up area in the United Kingdom. It is governed locally by Plymouth City Council and is represented nationally by three MPs. Plymouth's economy remains strongly influenced by shipbuilding and seafaring including ferry links to Brittany (Roscoff and St Malo) and Spain (Santander), but has tended toward a service-based economy since the 1990s. It has the largest operational naval base in Western Europe – HMNB Devonport and is home to Plymouth University. | How many members of Parliament represent Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
} |
56de66c1cffd8e1900b4b877 | Plymouth | The city is home to 261,546 (mid-2014 est.) people, making it the 30th most populous built-up area in the United Kingdom. It is governed locally by Plymouth City Council and is represented nationally by three MPs. Plymouth's economy remains strongly influenced by shipbuilding and seafaring including ferry links to Brittany (Roscoff and St Malo) and Spain (Santander), but has tended toward a service-based economy since the 1990s. It has the largest operational naval base in Western Europe – HMNB Devonport and is home to Plymouth University. | In what city does Plymouth's ferry to Spain terminate? | {
"text": [
"Santander"
],
"answer_start": [
358
]
} |
56de66c1cffd8e1900b4b878 | Plymouth | The city is home to 261,546 (mid-2014 est.) people, making it the 30th most populous built-up area in the United Kingdom. It is governed locally by Plymouth City Council and is represented nationally by three MPs. Plymouth's economy remains strongly influenced by shipbuilding and seafaring including ferry links to Brittany (Roscoff and St Malo) and Spain (Santander), but has tended toward a service-based economy since the 1990s. It has the largest operational naval base in Western Europe – HMNB Devonport and is home to Plymouth University. | What institution of higher education is based in Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"Plymouth University"
],
"answer_start": [
525
]
} |
56de67e0cffd8e1900b4b888 | Plymouth | Upper Palaeolithic deposits, including bones of Homo sapiens, have been found in local caves, and artefacts dating from the Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age have been found at Mount Batten showing that it was one of the independent trading ports of the country at that time. An unidentified settlement named 'TAMARI OSTIA' (mouth/estuaries of the Tamar) is listed in Ptolemy's Geographia and is presumed to be located in the area of the modern city. | What is the name of the location cited by Ptolemy that is believed to have been located near modern Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"TAMARI OSTIA"
],
"answer_start": [
303
]
} |
56de67e0cffd8e1900b4b889 | Plymouth | Upper Palaeolithic deposits, including bones of Homo sapiens, have been found in local caves, and artefacts dating from the Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age have been found at Mount Batten showing that it was one of the independent trading ports of the country at that time. An unidentified settlement named 'TAMARI OSTIA' (mouth/estuaries of the Tamar) is listed in Ptolemy's Geographia and is presumed to be located in the area of the modern city. | Where have Middle Iron Age remnants been found? | {
"text": [
"Mount Batten"
],
"answer_start": [
177
]
} |
56de67e0cffd8e1900b4b88a | Plymouth | Upper Palaeolithic deposits, including bones of Homo sapiens, have been found in local caves, and artefacts dating from the Bronze Age to the Middle Iron Age have been found at Mount Batten showing that it was one of the independent trading ports of the country at that time. An unidentified settlement named 'TAMARI OSTIA' (mouth/estuaries of the Tamar) is listed in Ptolemy's Geographia and is presumed to be located in the area of the modern city. | What does 'TAMARI OSTIA' mean? | {
"text": [
"mouth/estuaries of the Tamar"
],
"answer_start": [
318
]
} |
56de68a54396321400ee289d | Plymouth | The settlement of Plympton, further up the River Plym than the current Plymouth, was also an early trading port, but the river silted up in the early 11th century and forced the mariners and merchants to settle_down at the current day Barbican near the river mouth. At the time this village was called Sutton, meaning south town in Old English. The name Plym Mouth, meaning "mouth of the River Plym" was first mentioned in a Pipe Roll of 1211. The name Plymouth first officially replaced Sutton in a charter of King Henry VI in 1440. See Plympton for the derivation of the name Plym. | In what century were sailors obligated to relocate from Plympton due to silting? | {
"text": [
"11th"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} |
56de68a54396321400ee289e | Plymouth | The settlement of Plympton, further up the River Plym than the current Plymouth, was also an early trading port, but the river silted up in the early 11th century and forced the mariners and merchants to settle_down at the current day Barbican near the river mouth. At the time this village was called Sutton, meaning south town in Old English. The name Plym Mouth, meaning "mouth of the River Plym" was first mentioned in a Pipe Roll of 1211. The name Plymouth first officially replaced Sutton in a charter of King Henry VI in 1440. See Plympton for the derivation of the name Plym. | What did Sutton mean in the Old English language? | {
"text": [
"south town"
],
"answer_start": [
313
]
} |
56de68a54396321400ee289f | Plymouth | The settlement of Plympton, further up the River Plym than the current Plymouth, was also an early trading port, but the river silted up in the early 11th century and forced the mariners and merchants to settle_down at the current day Barbican near the river mouth. At the time this village was called Sutton, meaning south town in Old English. The name Plym Mouth, meaning "mouth of the River Plym" was first mentioned in a Pipe Roll of 1211. The name Plymouth first officially replaced Sutton in a charter of King Henry VI in 1440. See Plympton for the derivation of the name Plym. | In what year was the first written reference to Plymouth made? | {
"text": [
"1211"
],
"answer_start": [
433
]
} |
56de68a54396321400ee28a0 | Plymouth | The settlement of Plympton, further up the River Plym than the current Plymouth, was also an early trading port, but the river silted up in the early 11th century and forced the mariners and merchants to settle_down at the current day Barbican near the river mouth. At the time this village was called Sutton, meaning south town in Old English. The name Plym Mouth, meaning "mouth of the River Plym" was first mentioned in a Pipe Roll of 1211. The name Plymouth first officially replaced Sutton in a charter of King Henry VI in 1440. See Plympton for the derivation of the name Plym. | During whose reign was the former town of Sutton referred to as Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"King Henry VI"
],
"answer_start": [
506
]
} |
56de68a54396321400ee28a1 | Plymouth | The settlement of Plympton, further up the River Plym than the current Plymouth, was also an early trading port, but the river silted up in the early 11th century and forced the mariners and merchants to settle_down at the current day Barbican near the river mouth. At the time this village was called Sutton, meaning south town in Old English. The name Plym Mouth, meaning "mouth of the River Plym" was first mentioned in a Pipe Roll of 1211. The name Plymouth first officially replaced Sutton in a charter of King Henry VI in 1440. See Plympton for the derivation of the name Plym. | What did 'Plym Mouth' mean? | {
"text": [
"mouth of the River Plym"
],
"answer_start": [
370
]
} |
56de69b2cffd8e1900b4b88e | Plymouth | During the Hundred Years' War a Gallic attack (1340) burned a manor house and took some prisoners, but failed to get into the town. In 1403 the town was burned by Breton raiders. In the late fifteenth century a 'castle quadrate' was constructed close to the area now known as The Barbican; it included four round towers, one at each corner, as featured on the city coat of arms. The castle served to protect Sutton Pool, which is where the fleet was based in Plymouth prior to the establishment of Plymouth Dockyard. In 1512 an Act of Parliament was passed for further fortifying Plymouth, and a series of fortifications were then built, including defensive walls at the entrance to Sutton Pool (across which a chain would be extended in time of danger). Defences on St Nicholas Island also date from this time, and a string of six artillery blockhouses were built, including one on Fishers Nose at the south-eastern corner of the Hoe. This location was further strengthened by the building of a fort (later known as Drake's Fort) in 1596, which itself went on to provide the site for the Citadel, established in the 1660s (see below). | In what year during the Hundred Years' War did the French assault Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"1340"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} |
56de69b2cffd8e1900b4b88f | Plymouth | During the Hundred Years' War a Gallic attack (1340) burned a manor house and took some prisoners, but failed to get into the town. In 1403 the town was burned by Breton raiders. In the late fifteenth century a 'castle quadrate' was constructed close to the area now known as The Barbican; it included four round towers, one at each corner, as featured on the city coat of arms. The castle served to protect Sutton Pool, which is where the fleet was based in Plymouth prior to the establishment of Plymouth Dockyard. In 1512 an Act of Parliament was passed for further fortifying Plymouth, and a series of fortifications were then built, including defensive walls at the entrance to Sutton Pool (across which a chain would be extended in time of danger). Defences on St Nicholas Island also date from this time, and a string of six artillery blockhouses were built, including one on Fishers Nose at the south-eastern corner of the Hoe. This location was further strengthened by the building of a fort (later known as Drake's Fort) in 1596, which itself went on to provide the site for the Citadel, established in the 1660s (see below). | Who set fire to Plymouth in 1403? | {
"text": [
"Breton raiders"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} |
56de69b2cffd8e1900b4b890 | Plymouth | During the Hundred Years' War a Gallic attack (1340) burned a manor house and took some prisoners, but failed to get into the town. In 1403 the town was burned by Breton raiders. In the late fifteenth century a 'castle quadrate' was constructed close to the area now known as The Barbican; it included four round towers, one at each corner, as featured on the city coat of arms. The castle served to protect Sutton Pool, which is where the fleet was based in Plymouth prior to the establishment of Plymouth Dockyard. In 1512 an Act of Parliament was passed for further fortifying Plymouth, and a series of fortifications were then built, including defensive walls at the entrance to Sutton Pool (across which a chain would be extended in time of danger). Defences on St Nicholas Island also date from this time, and a string of six artillery blockhouses were built, including one on Fishers Nose at the south-eastern corner of the Hoe. This location was further strengthened by the building of a fort (later known as Drake's Fort) in 1596, which itself went on to provide the site for the Citadel, established in the 1660s (see below). | In what year was the fortification later known as Drake's Fort constructed? | {
"text": [
"1596"
],
"answer_start": [
1034
]
} |
56de69b2cffd8e1900b4b891 | Plymouth | During the Hundred Years' War a Gallic attack (1340) burned a manor house and took some prisoners, but failed to get into the town. In 1403 the town was burned by Breton raiders. In the late fifteenth century a 'castle quadrate' was constructed close to the area now known as The Barbican; it included four round towers, one at each corner, as featured on the city coat of arms. The castle served to protect Sutton Pool, which is where the fleet was based in Plymouth prior to the establishment of Plymouth Dockyard. In 1512 an Act of Parliament was passed for further fortifying Plymouth, and a series of fortifications were then built, including defensive walls at the entrance to Sutton Pool (across which a chain would be extended in time of danger). Defences on St Nicholas Island also date from this time, and a string of six artillery blockhouses were built, including one on Fishers Nose at the south-eastern corner of the Hoe. This location was further strengthened by the building of a fort (later known as Drake's Fort) in 1596, which itself went on to provide the site for the Citadel, established in the 1660s (see below). | Before Plymouth dockyard was built, where was the fleet located? | {
"text": [
"Sutton Pool"
],
"answer_start": [
408
]
} |
56de69b2cffd8e1900b4b892 | Plymouth | During the Hundred Years' War a Gallic attack (1340) burned a manor house and took some prisoners, but failed to get into the town. In 1403 the town was burned by Breton raiders. In the late fifteenth century a 'castle quadrate' was constructed close to the area now known as The Barbican; it included four round towers, one at each corner, as featured on the city coat of arms. The castle served to protect Sutton Pool, which is where the fleet was based in Plymouth prior to the establishment of Plymouth Dockyard. In 1512 an Act of Parliament was passed for further fortifying Plymouth, and a series of fortifications were then built, including defensive walls at the entrance to Sutton Pool (across which a chain would be extended in time of danger). Defences on St Nicholas Island also date from this time, and a string of six artillery blockhouses were built, including one on Fishers Nose at the south-eastern corner of the Hoe. This location was further strengthened by the building of a fort (later known as Drake's Fort) in 1596, which itself went on to provide the site for the Citadel, established in the 1660s (see below). | In what year did Parliament pass a notable law that led to the building of fortifications in Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"1512"
],
"answer_start": [
520
]
} |
56de6ac44396321400ee28b5 | Plymouth | During the 16th century locally produced wool was the major export commodity. Plymouth was the home port for successful maritime traders, among them Sir John Hawkins, who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade, as well as Sir Francis Drake, Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593. According to legend, Drake insisted on completing his game of bowls on the Hoe before engaging the Spanish Armada in 1588. In 1620 the Pilgrim Fathers set sail for the New World from Plymouth, establishing Plymouth Colony – the second English colony in what is now the United States of America. | What notable slave trader was based out of Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"Sir John Hawkins"
],
"answer_start": [
149
]
} |
56de6ac44396321400ee28b6 | Plymouth | During the 16th century locally produced wool was the major export commodity. Plymouth was the home port for successful maritime traders, among them Sir John Hawkins, who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade, as well as Sir Francis Drake, Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593. According to legend, Drake insisted on completing his game of bowls on the Hoe before engaging the Spanish Armada in 1588. In 1620 the Pilgrim Fathers set sail for the New World from Plymouth, establishing Plymouth Colony – the second English colony in what is now the United States of America. | Who served as Plymouth's mayor in 1593? | {
"text": [
"Sir Francis Drake"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} |
56de6ac44396321400ee28b7 | Plymouth | During the 16th century locally produced wool was the major export commodity. Plymouth was the home port for successful maritime traders, among them Sir John Hawkins, who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade, as well as Sir Francis Drake, Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593. According to legend, Drake insisted on completing his game of bowls on the Hoe before engaging the Spanish Armada in 1588. In 1620 the Pilgrim Fathers set sail for the New World from Plymouth, establishing Plymouth Colony – the second English colony in what is now the United States of America. | In what year did Drake battle the Spanish Armada? | {
"text": [
"1588"
],
"answer_start": [
411
]
} |
56de6ac44396321400ee28b8 | Plymouth | During the 16th century locally produced wool was the major export commodity. Plymouth was the home port for successful maritime traders, among them Sir John Hawkins, who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade, as well as Sir Francis Drake, Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593. According to legend, Drake insisted on completing his game of bowls on the Hoe before engaging the Spanish Armada in 1588. In 1620 the Pilgrim Fathers set sail for the New World from Plymouth, establishing Plymouth Colony – the second English colony in what is now the United States of America. | When did the Pilgrim Fathers depart Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"1620"
],
"answer_start": [
420
]
} |
56de6ac44396321400ee28b9 | Plymouth | During the 16th century locally produced wool was the major export commodity. Plymouth was the home port for successful maritime traders, among them Sir John Hawkins, who led England's first foray into the Atlantic slave trade, as well as Sir Francis Drake, Mayor of Plymouth in 1581 and 1593. According to legend, Drake insisted on completing his game of bowls on the Hoe before engaging the Spanish Armada in 1588. In 1620 the Pilgrim Fathers set sail for the New World from Plymouth, establishing Plymouth Colony – the second English colony in what is now the United States of America. | What was the name of the settlement founded by the Pilgrim Fathers? | {
"text": [
"Plymouth Colony"
],
"answer_start": [
500
]
} |
56de6bdacffd8e1900b4b898 | Plymouth | During the English Civil War Plymouth sided with the Parliamentarians and was besieged for almost four years by the Royalists. The last major attack by the Royalist was by Sir Richard Grenville leading thousands of soldiers towards Plymouth, but they were defeated by the Plymothians at Freedom Fields Park. The polite war ended as a Parliamentary win, but monarchy was restored by King Charles II in 1660, who imprisoned many of the Parliamentary heroes on Drake's Island. Construction of the Royal Citadel began in 1665, after the Restoration; it was armed with cannon facing both out to sea and into the town, rumoured to be a reminder to residents not to oppose the Crown. Mount Batten tower also dates from around this time. | Which faction did Plymouth support during the English Civil War? | {
"text": [
"Parliamentarians"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} |
56de6bdacffd8e1900b4b899 | Plymouth | During the English Civil War Plymouth sided with the Parliamentarians and was besieged for almost four years by the Royalists. The last major attack by the Royalist was by Sir Richard Grenville leading thousands of soldiers towards Plymouth, but they were defeated by the Plymothians at Freedom Fields Park. The polite war ended as a Parliamentary win, but monarchy was restored by King Charles II in 1660, who imprisoned many of the Parliamentary heroes on Drake's Island. Construction of the Royal Citadel began in 1665, after the Restoration; it was armed with cannon facing both out to sea and into the town, rumoured to be a reminder to residents not to oppose the Crown. Mount Batten tower also dates from around this time. | For how many years was Plymouth under siege during the English Civil War? | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} |
56de6bdacffd8e1900b4b89a | Plymouth | During the English Civil War Plymouth sided with the Parliamentarians and was besieged for almost four years by the Royalists. The last major attack by the Royalist was by Sir Richard Grenville leading thousands of soldiers towards Plymouth, but they were defeated by the Plymothians at Freedom Fields Park. The polite war ended as a Parliamentary win, but monarchy was restored by King Charles II in 1660, who imprisoned many of the Parliamentary heroes on Drake's Island. Construction of the Royal Citadel began in 1665, after the Restoration; it was armed with cannon facing both out to sea and into the town, rumoured to be a reminder to residents not to oppose the Crown. Mount Batten tower also dates from around this time. | Where did the last battle for Plymouth during the English Civil War end? | {
"text": [
"Freedom Fields Park"
],
"answer_start": [
287
]
} |
56de6bdacffd8e1900b4b89b | Plymouth | During the English Civil War Plymouth sided with the Parliamentarians and was besieged for almost four years by the Royalists. The last major attack by the Royalist was by Sir Richard Grenville leading thousands of soldiers towards Plymouth, but they were defeated by the Plymothians at Freedom Fields Park. The polite war ended as a Parliamentary win, but monarchy was restored by King Charles II in 1660, who imprisoned many of the Parliamentary heroes on Drake's Island. Construction of the Royal Citadel began in 1665, after the Restoration; it was armed with cannon facing both out to sea and into the town, rumoured to be a reminder to residents not to oppose the Crown. Mount Batten tower also dates from around this time. | In what year did Charles II ascend to the throne? | {
"text": [
"1660"
],
"answer_start": [
400
]
} |
56de6bdacffd8e1900b4b89c | Plymouth | During the English Civil War Plymouth sided with the Parliamentarians and was besieged for almost four years by the Royalists. The last major attack by the Royalist was by Sir Richard Grenville leading thousands of soldiers towards Plymouth, but they were defeated by the Plymothians at Freedom Fields Park. The polite war ended as a Parliamentary win, but monarchy was restored by King Charles II in 1660, who imprisoned many of the Parliamentary heroes on Drake's Island. Construction of the Royal Citadel began in 1665, after the Restoration; it was armed with cannon facing both out to sea and into the town, rumoured to be a reminder to residents not to oppose the Crown. Mount Batten tower also dates from around this time. | What locale was used to house imprisoned Parliamentarians after the restoration of Charles II? | {
"text": [
"Drake's Island"
],
"answer_start": [
457
]
} |
56de6c80cffd8e1900b4b8a2 | Plymouth | Throughout the 17th century Plymouth had gradually lost its pre-eminence as a trading port. By the mid-17th century commodities manufactured elsewhere in England cost too much to carry to Plymouth and the city had no means of processing sugar or tobacco imports, although it did play a relatively small part in the Atlantic slave trade during the early 18th century. | During what century was Plymouth involved with the Atlantic slave trade? | {
"text": [
"18th"
],
"answer_start": [
357
]
} |
56de6c80cffd8e1900b4b8a3 | Plymouth | Throughout the 17th century Plymouth had gradually lost its pre-eminence as a trading port. By the mid-17th century commodities manufactured elsewhere in England cost too much to carry to Plymouth and the city had no means of processing sugar or tobacco imports, although it did play a relatively small part in the Atlantic slave trade during the early 18th century. | In what century did Plymouth cease to be a vital trading port? | {
"text": [
"17th"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} |
56de6ceccffd8e1900b4b8a6 | Plymouth | In the nearby parish of Stoke Damerel the first dockyard, HMNB Devonport, opened in 1690 on the eastern bank of the River Tamar. Further docks were built here in 1727, 1762 and 1793. The settlement that developed here was called "Dock" or "Plymouth Dock" at the time, and a new town, separate from Plymouth, grew up. In 1712 there were 318 men employed and by 1733 it had grown to a population of 3,000 people. | In what year was HMNB Davenport established? | {
"text": [
"1690"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} |
56de6ceccffd8e1900b4b8a7 | Plymouth | In the nearby parish of Stoke Damerel the first dockyard, HMNB Devonport, opened in 1690 on the eastern bank of the River Tamar. Further docks were built here in 1727, 1762 and 1793. The settlement that developed here was called "Dock" or "Plymouth Dock" at the time, and a new town, separate from Plymouth, grew up. In 1712 there were 318 men employed and by 1733 it had grown to a population of 3,000 people. | What river was adjacent to HMNB Davenport? | {
"text": [
"River Tamar"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
} |
56de6ceccffd8e1900b4b8a8 | Plymouth | In the nearby parish of Stoke Damerel the first dockyard, HMNB Devonport, opened in 1690 on the eastern bank of the River Tamar. Further docks were built here in 1727, 1762 and 1793. The settlement that developed here was called "Dock" or "Plymouth Dock" at the time, and a new town, separate from Plymouth, grew up. In 1712 there were 318 men employed and by 1733 it had grown to a population of 3,000 people. | How many male workers were present in Plymouth Dock circa 1712? | {
"text": [
"318"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
} |
56de6ceccffd8e1900b4b8a9 | Plymouth | In the nearby parish of Stoke Damerel the first dockyard, HMNB Devonport, opened in 1690 on the eastern bank of the River Tamar. Further docks were built here in 1727, 1762 and 1793. The settlement that developed here was called "Dock" or "Plymouth Dock" at the time, and a new town, separate from Plymouth, grew up. In 1712 there were 318 men employed and by 1733 it had grown to a population of 3,000 people. | What was the 1733 population of Plymouth Dock? | {
"text": [
"3,000"
],
"answer_start": [
397
]
} |
56de6ceccffd8e1900b4b8aa | Plymouth | In the nearby parish of Stoke Damerel the first dockyard, HMNB Devonport, opened in 1690 on the eastern bank of the River Tamar. Further docks were built here in 1727, 1762 and 1793. The settlement that developed here was called "Dock" or "Plymouth Dock" at the time, and a new town, separate from Plymouth, grew up. In 1712 there were 318 men employed and by 1733 it had grown to a population of 3,000 people. | In what parish was HMNB Davenport located? | {
"text": [
"Stoke Damerel"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} |
56de6dafcffd8e1900b4b8b0 | Plymouth | Before the latter half of the 18th century, grain, timber and then coal were Plymouth's independent imports. During this time the real source of wealth was from the neighbouring town of Plymouth Dock (renamed in 1824 to Devonport) and the major employer in the entire region was the dockyard. The Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport enjoyed some prosperity during the late 18th and early 19th century and were enriched by a series of neo-classical urban developments designed by London architect John Foulston. Foulston was important for both Devonport and Plymouth and was responsible for several grand public buildings, many now destroyed, including the Athenaeum, the Theatre Royal and Royal Hotel, and much of Union Street. | Along with coal and grain, what was the most important import in 18th century Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"timber"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} |
56de6dafcffd8e1900b4b8b1 | Plymouth | Before the latter half of the 18th century, grain, timber and then coal were Plymouth's independent imports. During this time the real source of wealth was from the neighbouring town of Plymouth Dock (renamed in 1824 to Devonport) and the major employer in the entire region was the dockyard. The Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport enjoyed some prosperity during the late 18th and early 19th century and were enriched by a series of neo-classical urban developments designed by London architect John Foulston. Foulston was important for both Devonport and Plymouth and was responsible for several grand public buildings, many now destroyed, including the Athenaeum, the Theatre Royal and Royal Hotel, and much of Union Street. | What was the new name given to Plymouth Dock in 1824? | {
"text": [
"Devonport"
],
"answer_start": [
213
]
} |
56de6dafcffd8e1900b4b8b2 | Plymouth | Before the latter half of the 18th century, grain, timber and then coal were Plymouth's independent imports. During this time the real source of wealth was from the neighbouring town of Plymouth Dock (renamed in 1824 to Devonport) and the major employer in the entire region was the dockyard. The Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport enjoyed some prosperity during the late 18th and early 19th century and were enriched by a series of neo-classical urban developments designed by London architect John Foulston. Foulston was important for both Devonport and Plymouth and was responsible for several grand public buildings, many now destroyed, including the Athenaeum, the Theatre Royal and Royal Hotel, and much of Union Street. | Along with Plymouth and Devonport, what settlement comprised the Three Towns? | {
"text": [
"Stonehouse"
],
"answer_start": [
327
]
} |
56de6dafcffd8e1900b4b8b3 | Plymouth | Before the latter half of the 18th century, grain, timber and then coal were Plymouth's independent imports. During this time the real source of wealth was from the neighbouring town of Plymouth Dock (renamed in 1824 to Devonport) and the major employer in the entire region was the dockyard. The Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport enjoyed some prosperity during the late 18th and early 19th century and were enriched by a series of neo-classical urban developments designed by London architect John Foulston. Foulston was important for both Devonport and Plymouth and was responsible for several grand public buildings, many now destroyed, including the Athenaeum, the Theatre Royal and Royal Hotel, and much of Union Street. | What architect was noted for his neoclassical designs in Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"John Foulston"
],
"answer_start": [
515
]
} |
56de6dafcffd8e1900b4b8b4 | Plymouth | Before the latter half of the 18th century, grain, timber and then coal were Plymouth's independent imports. During this time the real source of wealth was from the neighbouring town of Plymouth Dock (renamed in 1824 to Devonport) and the major employer in the entire region was the dockyard. The Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport enjoyed some prosperity during the late 18th and early 19th century and were enriched by a series of neo-classical urban developments designed by London architect John Foulston. Foulston was important for both Devonport and Plymouth and was responsible for several grand public buildings, many now destroyed, including the Athenaeum, the Theatre Royal and Royal Hotel, and much of Union Street. | On what street did many of the buildings designed by John Foulston reside? | {
"text": [
"Union Street"
],
"answer_start": [
733
]
} |
56de7a53cffd8e1900b4b960 | Plymouth | local chemist William Cookworthy established his somewhat short-lived Plymouth Porcelain venture in 1768 to exploit the recently discovered deposits of local China Clay - an industry which continues to make up a portion of the city income. As an associate and host of engineer John Smeaton he was indirectly involved with the development of the Eddystone Lighthouse. | Who founded Plymouth Porcelain? | {
"text": [
"William Cookworthy"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} |
56de7a53cffd8e1900b4b961 | Plymouth | local chemist William Cookworthy established his somewhat short-lived Plymouth Porcelain venture in 1768 to exploit the recently discovered deposits of local China Clay - an industry which continues to make up a portion of the city income. As an associate and host of engineer John Smeaton he was indirectly involved with the development of the Eddystone Lighthouse. | In what year was Plymouth Porcelain founded? | {
"text": [
"1768"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} |
56de7a53cffd8e1900b4b962 | Plymouth | local chemist William Cookworthy established his somewhat short-lived Plymouth Porcelain venture in 1768 to exploit the recently discovered deposits of local China Clay - an industry which continues to make up a portion of the city income. As an associate and host of engineer John Smeaton he was indirectly involved with the development of the Eddystone Lighthouse. | What was William Cookworthy's profession? | {
"text": [
"chemist"
],
"answer_start": [
6
]
} |
56de7a53cffd8e1900b4b963 | Plymouth | local chemist William Cookworthy established his somewhat short-lived Plymouth Porcelain venture in 1768 to exploit the recently discovered deposits of local China Clay - an industry which continues to make up a portion of the city income. As an associate and host of engineer John Smeaton he was indirectly involved with the development of the Eddystone Lighthouse. | What was the name of the engineer involved in the construction of the Eddystone Lighthouse? | {
"text": [
"John Smeaton"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} |
56de7ab54396321400ee294f | Plymouth | The 1-mile-long (2 km) Breakwater in Plymouth Sound was designed by John Rennie in order to protect the fleet moving in and out of Devonport; work started in 1812. Numerous proficient difficulties and repeated storm damage meant that it was not completed until 1841, twenty years after Rennie's death. In the 1860s, a ring of Palmerston forts was constructed around the outskirts of Devonport, to protect the dockyard from attack from any direction. | In kilometers, how long was the Plymouth Sound Breakwater? | {
"text": [
"2"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
56de7ab54396321400ee2950 | Plymouth | The 1-mile-long (2 km) Breakwater in Plymouth Sound was designed by John Rennie in order to protect the fleet moving in and out of Devonport; work started in 1812. Numerous proficient difficulties and repeated storm damage meant that it was not completed until 1841, twenty years after Rennie's death. In the 1860s, a ring of Palmerston forts was constructed around the outskirts of Devonport, to protect the dockyard from attack from any direction. | Who was the designer of the Plymouth Sound Breakwater? | {
"text": [
"John Rennie"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} |
56de7ab54396321400ee2951 | Plymouth | The 1-mile-long (2 km) Breakwater in Plymouth Sound was designed by John Rennie in order to protect the fleet moving in and out of Devonport; work started in 1812. Numerous proficient difficulties and repeated storm damage meant that it was not completed until 1841, twenty years after Rennie's death. In the 1860s, a ring of Palmerston forts was constructed around the outskirts of Devonport, to protect the dockyard from attack from any direction. | In what year did construction finish on the Plymouth Sound Breakwater? | {
"text": [
"1841"
],
"answer_start": [
260
]
} |
56de7ab54396321400ee2952 | Plymouth | The 1-mile-long (2 km) Breakwater in Plymouth Sound was designed by John Rennie in order to protect the fleet moving in and out of Devonport; work started in 1812. Numerous proficient difficulties and repeated storm damage meant that it was not completed until 1841, twenty years after Rennie's death. In the 1860s, a ring of Palmerston forts was constructed around the outskirts of Devonport, to protect the dockyard from attack from any direction. | When did construction commence on Plymouth Sound Breakwater? | {
"text": [
"1812"
],
"answer_start": [
158
]
} |
56de7ab54396321400ee2953 | Plymouth | The 1-mile-long (2 km) Breakwater in Plymouth Sound was designed by John Rennie in order to protect the fleet moving in and out of Devonport; work started in 1812. Numerous proficient difficulties and repeated storm damage meant that it was not completed until 1841, twenty years after Rennie's death. In the 1860s, a ring of Palmerston forts was constructed around the outskirts of Devonport, to protect the dockyard from attack from any direction. | Near which settlement were Palmerston forts built in the 1860s? | {
"text": [
"Devonport"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} |
56de7b394396321400ee2959 | Plymouth | Some of the greatest imports to Plymouth from the Americas and Europe during the latter half of the 19th century included maize, wheat, barley, sugar cane, guano, sodium nitrate and phosphate Aside from the dockyard in the town of Devonport, industries in Plymouth such as the gasworks, the railways and tramways and a number of little chemical works had begun to develop in the 19th century, continuing into the 20th century. | What animal byproduct was imported to Plymouth in the 19th century? | {
"text": [
"guano"
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
} |
56de7b394396321400ee295a | Plymouth | Some of the greatest imports to Plymouth from the Americas and Europe during the latter half of the 19th century included maize, wheat, barley, sugar cane, guano, sodium nitrate and phosphate Aside from the dockyard in the town of Devonport, industries in Plymouth such as the gasworks, the railways and tramways and a number of little chemical works had begun to develop in the 19th century, continuing into the 20th century. | In what settlement were the dockyards located? | {
"text": [
"Devonport"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} |
56de7bfdcffd8e1900b4b96c | Plymouth | During the First World War, Plymouth was the port of entry for many troops from around the Empire and also developed as a facility for the manufacture of munitions. Although major units of the Royal Navy moved to the safety of Scapa Flow, Devonport was an of_import base for escort vessels and repairs. Flying boats operated from Mount Batten. | What was the primary base of the Royal navy during World War I? | {
"text": [
"Scapa Flow"
],
"answer_start": [
227
]
} |
56de7bfdcffd8e1900b4b96d | Plymouth | During the First World War, Plymouth was the port of entry for many troops from around the Empire and also developed as a facility for the manufacture of munitions. Although major units of the Royal Navy moved to the safety of Scapa Flow, Devonport was an of_import base for escort vessels and repairs. Flying boats operated from Mount Batten. | What sorts of ships were based in Davenport? | {
"text": [
"escort vessels"
],
"answer_start": [
275
]
} |
56de7bfdcffd8e1900b4b96e | Plymouth | During the First World War, Plymouth was the port of entry for many troops from around the Empire and also developed as a facility for the manufacture of munitions. Although major units of the Royal Navy moved to the safety of Scapa Flow, Devonport was an of_import base for escort vessels and repairs. Flying boats operated from Mount Batten. | What location provided a base for flying boats? | {
"text": [
"Mount Batten"
],
"answer_start": [
330
]
} |
56de7c7a4396321400ee295d | Plymouth | In the First World War, Devonport was the headquarters of western Approaches Command until 1941 and Sunderland flying boats were operated by the Royal Australian Air Force. It was an important embarkation point for US troops for D-Day. The city was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe, in a series of 59 raids known as the Plymouth Blitz. Although the dockyards were the principal targets, much of the city centre and over 3,700 houses were completely destroyed and more than 1,000 civilians lost their lives. This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed in 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II. | What force used Sunderland flying boats out of Devonport? | {
"text": [
"Royal Australian Air Force"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} |
56de7c7a4396321400ee295e | Plymouth | In the First World War, Devonport was the headquarters of western Approaches Command until 1941 and Sunderland flying boats were operated by the Royal Australian Air Force. It was an important embarkation point for US troops for D-Day. The city was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe, in a series of 59 raids known as the Plymouth Blitz. Although the dockyards were the principal targets, much of the city centre and over 3,700 houses were completely destroyed and more than 1,000 civilians lost their lives. This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed in 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II. | What military organization was based in Devonport until 1941? | {
"text": [
"Western Approaches Command"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
} |
56de7c7a4396321400ee295f | Plymouth | In the First World War, Devonport was the headquarters of western Approaches Command until 1941 and Sunderland flying boats were operated by the Royal Australian Air Force. It was an important embarkation point for US troops for D-Day. The city was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe, in a series of 59 raids known as the Plymouth Blitz. Although the dockyards were the principal targets, much of the city centre and over 3,700 houses were completely destroyed and more than 1,000 civilians lost their lives. This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed in 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II. | How many attacks comprised the Plymouth Blitz? | {
"text": [
"59"
],
"answer_start": [
297
]
} |
56de7c7a4396321400ee2960 | Plymouth | In the First World War, Devonport was the headquarters of western Approaches Command until 1941 and Sunderland flying boats were operated by the Royal Australian Air Force. It was an important embarkation point for US troops for D-Day. The city was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe, in a series of 59 raids known as the Plymouth Blitz. Although the dockyards were the principal targets, much of the city centre and over 3,700 houses were completely destroyed and more than 1,000 civilians lost their lives. This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed in 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II. | How many civilian deaths occurred as a result of the Plymouth Blitz? | {
"text": [
"more than 1,000"
],
"answer_start": [
462
]
} |
56de7c7a4396321400ee2961 | Plymouth | In the First World War, Devonport was the headquarters of western Approaches Command until 1941 and Sunderland flying boats were operated by the Royal Australian Air Force. It was an important embarkation point for US troops for D-Day. The city was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe, in a series of 59 raids known as the Plymouth Blitz. Although the dockyards were the principal targets, much of the city centre and over 3,700 houses were completely destroyed and more than 1,000 civilians lost their lives. This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed in 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II. | How many homes were totally destroyed in the Plymouth Blitz? | {
"text": [
"over 3,700"
],
"answer_start": [
414
]
} |
56de7cefcffd8e1900b4b984 | Plymouth | The redevelopment of the city was planned by Sir Patrick Abercrombie in his 1943 Plan for Plymouth whilst simultaneously working on the reconstruction plan for London. Between 1951 and 1957 over 1000 homes were completed every year mostly using innovative prefabricated systems of just three independent types; by 1964 over 20,000 new homes had been built transforming the dense overcrowded and unsanitary slums of the pre-war city into a low density, dispersed suburbia. Most of the city centre shops had been destroyed and those that remained were cleared to enable a zoned reconstruction according to his plan. In 1962 the modernist high rise of the Civic Centre was constructed, an architecturally significant example of mid twentieth century civic slab-and-tower set piece allowed to fall into disrepair by its owner Plymouth City Council but recently grade II listed by English Heritage to prevent its demolition. | Who was the author of the 1943 Plan for Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"Sir Patrick Abercrombie"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
} |
56de7cefcffd8e1900b4b985 | Plymouth | The redevelopment of the city was planned by Sir Patrick Abercrombie in his 1943 Plan for Plymouth whilst simultaneously working on the reconstruction plan for London. Between 1951 and 1957 over 1000 homes were completed every year mostly using innovative prefabricated systems of just three independent types; by 1964 over 20,000 new homes had been built transforming the dense overcrowded and unsanitary slums of the pre-war city into a low density, dispersed suburbia. Most of the city centre shops had been destroyed and those that remained were cleared to enable a zoned reconstruction according to his plan. In 1962 the modernist high rise of the Civic Centre was constructed, an architecturally significant example of mid twentieth century civic slab-and-tower set piece allowed to fall into disrepair by its owner Plymouth City Council but recently grade II listed by English Heritage to prevent its demolition. | In the period 1951-1957, how many new houses were constructed yearly in Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"over 1000"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
56de7cefcffd8e1900b4b986 | Plymouth | The redevelopment of the city was planned by Sir Patrick Abercrombie in his 1943 Plan for Plymouth whilst simultaneously working on the reconstruction plan for London. Between 1951 and 1957 over 1000 homes were completed every year mostly using innovative prefabricated systems of just three independent types; by 1964 over 20,000 new homes had been built transforming the dense overcrowded and unsanitary slums of the pre-war city into a low density, dispersed suburbia. Most of the city centre shops had been destroyed and those that remained were cleared to enable a zoned reconstruction according to his plan. In 1962 the modernist high rise of the Civic Centre was constructed, an architecturally significant example of mid twentieth century civic slab-and-tower set piece allowed to fall into disrepair by its owner Plymouth City Council but recently grade II listed by English Heritage to prevent its demolition. | In the postwar period to 1964, how many houses were built in Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"over 20,000"
],
"answer_start": [
312
]
} |
56de7cefcffd8e1900b4b987 | Plymouth | The redevelopment of the city was planned by Sir Patrick Abercrombie in his 1943 Plan for Plymouth whilst simultaneously working on the reconstruction plan for London. Between 1951 and 1957 over 1000 homes were completed every year mostly using innovative prefabricated systems of just three independent types; by 1964 over 20,000 new homes had been built transforming the dense overcrowded and unsanitary slums of the pre-war city into a low density, dispersed suburbia. Most of the city centre shops had been destroyed and those that remained were cleared to enable a zoned reconstruction according to his plan. In 1962 the modernist high rise of the Civic Centre was constructed, an architecturally significant example of mid twentieth century civic slab-and-tower set piece allowed to fall into disrepair by its owner Plymouth City Council but recently grade II listed by English Heritage to prevent its demolition. | When was the Civic Centre built? | {
"text": [
"1962"
],
"answer_start": [
610
]
} |
56de7cefcffd8e1900b4b988 | Plymouth | The redevelopment of the city was planned by Sir Patrick Abercrombie in his 1943 Plan for Plymouth whilst simultaneously working on the reconstruction plan for London. Between 1951 and 1957 over 1000 homes were completed every year mostly using innovative prefabricated systems of just three independent types; by 1964 over 20,000 new homes had been built transforming the dense overcrowded and unsanitary slums of the pre-war city into a low density, dispersed suburbia. Most of the city centre shops had been destroyed and those that remained were cleared to enable a zoned reconstruction according to his plan. In 1962 the modernist high rise of the Civic Centre was constructed, an architecturally significant example of mid twentieth century civic slab-and-tower set piece allowed to fall into disrepair by its owner Plymouth City Council but recently grade II listed by English Heritage to prevent its demolition. | What English Heritage status does the Civic Centre possess? | {
"text": [
"grade II"
],
"answer_start": [
850
]
} |
56de80f54396321400ee2983 | Plymouth | Post-war, Devonport Dockyard was kept busy refitting aircraft carriers such as the Ark Royal and, later, atomic submarines while new light industrial factories were constructed in the newly zoned industrial sector attracting rapid growth of the urban population. The army had substantially left the city by 1971, with barracks pulled down in the 1960s, however the city remains home to the 42 Commando of the Royal Marines. | What aircraft carrier received maintenance at Devonport Dockyard? | {
"text": [
"Ark Royal"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
56de80f54396321400ee2984 | Plymouth | Post-war, Devonport Dockyard was kept busy refitting aircraft carriers such as the Ark Royal and, later, atomic submarines while new light industrial factories were constructed in the newly zoned industrial sector attracting rapid growth of the urban population. The army had substantially left the city by 1971, with barracks pulled down in the 1960s, however the city remains home to the 42 Commando of the Royal Marines. | By what year was the greater part of the army presence in Plymouth gone? | {
"text": [
"1971"
],
"answer_start": [
308
]
} |
56de80f54396321400ee2985 | Plymouth | Post-war, Devonport Dockyard was kept busy refitting aircraft carriers such as the Ark Royal and, later, atomic submarines while new light industrial factories were constructed in the newly zoned industrial sector attracting rapid growth of the urban population. The army had substantially left the city by 1971, with barracks pulled down in the 1960s, however the city remains home to the 42 Commando of the Royal Marines. | What military unit is based in Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"42 Commando of the Royal Marines"
],
"answer_start": [
391
]
} |
56de81824396321400ee2991 | Plymouth | The first record of the existence of a settlement at Plymouth was in the Domesday Book in 1086 as Sudtone, Saxon for south farm, located at the present day Barbican. From Saxon times, it was in the hundred of Roborough. In 1254 it gained status as a town and in 1439, became the first town in England to exist granted a Charter by Parliament. Between 1439 and 1934, Plymouth had a Mayor. In 1914 the county boroughs of Plymouth and Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse merged to form a single county borough of Plymouth. Collectively they were referred to as "The Three Towns". | In what text was the presence of a settlement in the Plymouth area first recorded? | {
"text": [
"Domesday Book"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} |
56de81824396321400ee2992 | Plymouth | The first record of the existence of a settlement at Plymouth was in the Domesday Book in 1086 as Sudtone, Saxon for south farm, located at the present day Barbican. From Saxon times, it was in the hundred of Roborough. In 1254 it gained status as a town and in 1439, became the first town in England to exist granted a Charter by Parliament. Between 1439 and 1934, Plymouth had a Mayor. In 1914 the county boroughs of Plymouth and Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse merged to form a single county borough of Plymouth. Collectively they were referred to as "The Three Towns". | In what year was the Domesday Book compiled? | {
"text": [
"1086"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
56de81824396321400ee2993 | Plymouth | The first record of the existence of a settlement at Plymouth was in the Domesday Book in 1086 as Sudtone, Saxon for south farm, located at the present day Barbican. From Saxon times, it was in the hundred of Roborough. In 1254 it gained status as a town and in 1439, became the first town in England to exist granted a Charter by Parliament. Between 1439 and 1934, Plymouth had a Mayor. In 1914 the county boroughs of Plymouth and Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse merged to form a single county borough of Plymouth. Collectively they were referred to as "The Three Towns". | What was the name of the Plymouth-area settlement recorded in the Domesday Book? | {
"text": [
"Sudtone"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} |
56de81824396321400ee2994 | Plymouth | The first record of the existence of a settlement at Plymouth was in the Domesday Book in 1086 as Sudtone, Saxon for south farm, located at the present day Barbican. From Saxon times, it was in the hundred of Roborough. In 1254 it gained status as a town and in 1439, became the first town in England to exist granted a Charter by Parliament. Between 1439 and 1934, Plymouth had a Mayor. In 1914 the county boroughs of Plymouth and Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse merged to form a single county borough of Plymouth. Collectively they were referred to as "The Three Towns". | In what year was Plymouth recognized as a town? | {
"text": [
"1254"
],
"answer_start": [
223
]
} |
56de81824396321400ee2995 | Plymouth | The first record of the existence of a settlement at Plymouth was in the Domesday Book in 1086 as Sudtone, Saxon for south farm, located at the present day Barbican. From Saxon times, it was in the hundred of Roborough. In 1254 it gained status as a town and in 1439, became the first town in England to exist granted a Charter by Parliament. Between 1439 and 1934, Plymouth had a Mayor. In 1914 the county boroughs of Plymouth and Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse merged to form a single county borough of Plymouth. Collectively they were referred to as "The Three Towns". | In what year did Parliament bestow a Charter on Plymouth? | {
"text": [
"1439"
],
"answer_start": [
262
]
} |
56df5a2b96943c1400a5d3f1 | Plymouth | In 1919 Nancy Astor was elected the first ever female member of parliament to occupy office in the British Houses of Parliament for the constituency of Plymouth Sutton. Taking over office from her husband Waldorf Astor, Lady Astor was a vibrantly active campaigner for her resident constituents . Plymouth was granted city status on 18 October 1928. The city's first Lord Mayor was appointed in 1935 and its boundaries further expanded in 1967 to include the town of Plympton and the parish of Plymstock. | Who was the first woman MP to take her seat in the British Parliament? | {
"text": [
"Nancy Astor"
],
"answer_start": [
8
]
} |
56df5a2b96943c1400a5d3f2 | Plymouth | In 1919 Nancy Astor was elected the first ever female member of parliament to occupy office in the British Houses of Parliament for the constituency of Plymouth Sutton. Taking over office from her husband Waldorf Astor, Lady Astor was a vibrantly active campaigner for her resident constituents . Plymouth was granted city status on 18 October 1928. The city's first Lord Mayor was appointed in 1935 and its boundaries further expanded in 1967 to include the town of Plympton and the parish of Plymstock. | For what constituency was Nancy Astor elected? | {
"text": [
"Plymouth Sutton"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} |
56df5a2b96943c1400a5d3f3 | Plymouth | In 1919 Nancy Astor was elected the first ever female member of parliament to occupy office in the British Houses of Parliament for the constituency of Plymouth Sutton. Taking over office from her husband Waldorf Astor, Lady Astor was a vibrantly active campaigner for her resident constituents . Plymouth was granted city status on 18 October 1928. The city's first Lord Mayor was appointed in 1935 and its boundaries further expanded in 1967 to include the town of Plympton and the parish of Plymstock. | On what date did Plymouth become a city? | {
"text": [
"18 October 1928"
],
"answer_start": [
331
]
} |
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