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REFUTES | Cordilleran Ice Sheet has a short history of a few years. | Cordilleran_Ice_Sheet | The Cordilleran ice sheet was a major ice sheet that periodically covered large parts of North America during glacial periods over the last ~ 2.6 million years . This included the following areas : Western Montana The Idaho Panhandle Northern Washington state down to about Olympia and Spokane All of British Columbia The southwestern third or so of Yukon Territory All of the Alaska Panhandle South Central Alaska The Alaska Peninsula Almost all of the continental shelf north of the Strait of Juan de Fuca The ice sheet covered up to 2.5 million square kilometres at the Last Glacial Maximum and probably more than that in some previous periods , when it may have extended into the northeast extremity of Oregon and the Salmon River Mountains in Idaho . It is probable , though , that its northern margin also migrated south due to the influence of starvation caused by very low levels of precipitation . At its eastern end the Cordilleran ice sheet merged with the Laurentide ice sheet at the Continental Divide , forming an area of ice that contained one and a half times as much water as the Antarctic ice sheet does today . At its western end it is believed nowadays that several small glacial refugia existed during the last glacial maximum below present sea level in the now-submerged Hecate Strait and on the Brooks Peninsula in northern Vancouver Island . However , evidence of ice-free refugia above present sea level north of the Olympic Peninsula has been refuted by genetic and geological studies since the middle 1990s . The ice sheet faded north of the Alaska Range because the climate was too dry to form glaciers . Unlike the Laurentide ice sheet , which is believed to have taken as much as eleven thousand years to fully melt , it is believed the Cordilleran ice sheet , except for areas that remain glaciated today , melted very quickly , probably in four thousand years or less . This rapid melting caused such floods as the overflow of Lake Missoula and shaped the topography of the extremely fertile Inland Empire of Eastern Washington . |
SUPPORTS | John S. McCain Jr. went to school in Annapolis, Maryland. | John_S._McCain_Jr. | John Sidney `` Jack '' McCain Jr. -LRB- January 17 , 1911 -- March 22 , 1981 -RRB- was a United States Navy admiral , who served in conflicts from the 1940s through the 1970s , including as the Commander , United States Pacific Command . McCain grew up in Washington , D.C. , and graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1931 , after which he entered the submarine service . In World War II , he commanded submarines in several theaters of operation , was responsible for sinking several Japanese ships , and was decorated with both the Silver Star and Bronze Star . After the war , he held a variety of commands , specializing in amphibious warfare . He led the 1965 U.S. invasion of the Dominican Republic . He also served in several posts in Washington , including the Legislative Affairs Office and Chief of Naval Information , where he became influential in political affairs . He was a staunch anti-Communist , and was such an advocate of a strong naval presence that he became known as `` Mr. Seapower '' . During the Vietnam War , McCain was Commander-in-Chief , Pacific Command -LRB- CINCPAC -RRB- , commander of all U.S. forces in the Vietnam theater from 1968 to 1972 . He was a stalwart supporter of President Richard Nixon 's policy of Vietnamization . McCain played a significant role in the militarization of U.S. policy towards Cambodia , helping to convince Nixon to launch the 1970 Cambodian Incursion and establishing a personal relationship with Cambodian leader Lon Nol . McCain was also a proponent of the 1971 incursion into Laos . McCain retired from the Navy in 1972 . His father , John S. McCain Sr. , was also an admiral in the Navy and a naval aviator , and the two were the first father-son pair to achieve four-star rank . His son , John S. McCain III , is a former naval aviator who was a prisoner of war in North Vietnam during McCain 's time as CINCPAC , who retired with the rank of captain and then became a United States Senator and the 2008 Republican Party nominee for President of the United States . |
SUPPORTS | John S. McCain Jr. went to school in Annapolis, Maryland. | United_States_Naval_Academy | The United States Naval Academy -LRB- also known as USNA , Annapolis , or simply Navy -RRB- is a four-year coeducational federal service academy in Annapolis , Maryland , United States . Established on 10 October 1845 , under Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft , it is the second oldest of the United States ' five service academies , and educates officers for commissioning primarily into the United States Navy and United States Marine Corps . The 338 acre campus is located on the former grounds of Fort Severn at the confluence of the Severn River and Chesapeake Bay in Anne Arundel County , 33 mi east of Washington , D.C. and 26 mi southeast of Baltimore . The entire campus is a National Historic Landmark and home to many historic sites , buildings , and monuments . It replaced Philadelphia Naval Asylum , in Philadelphia , that served as the first United States Naval Academy from 1838 to 1845 when the Naval Academy formed in Annapolis . Candidates for admission generally must both apply directly to the academy and receive a nomination , usually from a Member of Congress . Students are officers-in-training and are referred to as midshipmen . Tuition for midshipmen is fully funded by the Navy in exchange for an active duty service obligation upon graduation . Approximately 1,200 `` plebes '' -LRB- an abbreviation of the Ancient Roman word plebeian -RRB- enter the Academy each summer for the rigorous Plebe Summer , but only about 1,000 midshipmen graduate . Graduates are usually commissioned as ensigns in the Navy or second lieutenants in the Marine Corps , but a small number can also be cross-commissioned as officers in other U.S. services , and the services of allied nations . The United States Naval Academy has some of the highest paid graduates in the country according to starting salary . The academic program grants a bachelor of science degree with a curriculum that grades midshipmen 's performance upon a broad academic program , military leadership performance , and mandatory participation in competitive athletics . Midshipmen are required to adhere to the academy 's Honor Concept . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Clueless (film) was followed by a series of young adult films. | Clueless_-LRB-novels-RRB- | The Clueless series is a series of young adult novels , mainly written by H. B. Gilmour and Randi Reisfeld . The series is published by Simon & Schuster . The series was generated after the release of the 1995 movie starring Alicia Silverstone . |
REFUTES | Richard Dawson was a game show contestant in the United States. | Richard_Dawson | Richard Dawson -LRB- born Colin Lionel Emm ; 20 November 1932 -- 2 June 2012 -RRB- was a British-American actor and comedian , and a game show host and panellist in the United States . Dawson was well known for playing Corporal Peter Newkirk on Hogan 's Heroes , being the original host of the Family Feud game show from 1976 -- 85 , and from 1994 -- 95 , and a regular panellist on the 1970s version of Match Game on CBS from 1973 -- 78 . In 1984 , he became an American citizen while retaining his British citizenship . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | American Idol (season 8) was hosted by an American celebrity. | American_Idol | American Idol is an American singing competition television series created by Simon Fuller , produced by FremantleMedia North America and 19 Entertainment , and distributed by FremantleMedia North America . It began airing on Fox on June 11 , 2002 , and ended its first-run on April 7 , 2016 . In 2018 , the show will make its debut on ABC . It started off as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol , and became one of the most successful shows in the history of American television . The concept of the series involves discovering recording stars from unsigned singing talents , with the winner determined by the viewers in America through telephones , Internet , and SMS text voting . Winners chosen by viewers in its fifteen seasons were Kelly Clarkson , Ruben Studdard , Fantasia , Carrie Underwood , Taylor Hicks , Jordin Sparks , David Cook , Kris Allen , Lee DeWyze , Scotty McCreery , Phillip Phillips , Candice Glover , Caleb Johnson , Nick Fradiani , and Trent Harmon.American Idol employed a panel of judges who critiqued the contestants ' performances . The original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson , pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell . The judging panel for the final seasons consisted of country singer Keith Urban , singer and actress Jennifer Lopez , and jazz singer Harry Connick , Jr. . The first season was hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman , with Seacrest as the sole master of ceremonies for the rest of the series . The success of American Idol has been described as `` unparalleled in broadcasting history '' . The series was also said by a rival TV executive to be `` the most impactful show in the history of television '' . It became a recognized springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars . According to Billboard magazine , in its first ten years , `` Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols , including Kelly Clarkson , Carrie Underwood , Katharine McPhee , Chris Daughtry , Fantasia , Ruben Studdard , Jennifer Hudson , Clay Aiken , Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut . '' For an unprecedented eight consecutive years , from the 2003 -- 04 television season through the 2010 -- 11 season , either its performance or result show had been ranked number one in U.S. television ratings . The series concluded its original run on Fox after 15 seasons . American Idol will return for a sixteenth season -- its first on ABC -- in 2018 . The announcement was made official on Good Morning America '' on May 9 , 2017 . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Robert Zemeckis has made movies for children. | Robert_Lorenz | Robert Lorenz is an American film producer and director , best known for his collaborations with Clint Eastwood . |
SUPPORTS | Emilia Clarke is an actress. | Emilia_Clarke | Emilia Isabelle Euphemia Rose Clarke -LRB- born 23 October 1986 -RRB- is an English actress . Born in London and brought up in Berkshire , Clarke first gained an interest in acting as a child after seeing the musical Show Boat , on which her father was working as a sound engineer . She was educated at Rye St Antony School , Headington and graduated from secondary school at St. Edward 's in Oxford , where she appeared in two plays , before studying at the Drama Centre London , where she graduated from in 2009 , and appeared in ten different stage productions . Some of her earliest work following graduation included a role in a play by the Company of Angels , two commercials for Samaritans , and a University of London students ' short film . Her television debut came with a guest appearance in an episode of the British soap opera Doctors and she was named as one of the UK Stars of Tomorrow by Screen International magazine for her role in Syfy 's film Triassic Attack -LRB- 2010 -RRB- . Clarke rose to prominence in 2011 for her breakthrough role as Daenerys Targaryen in the HBO series Game of Thrones , a performance that has gained her both critical and popular acclaim . She has been nominated for three Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series -LRB- 2013 , 2015-2016 -RRB- , four Screen Actors Guild Awards -LRB- 2012 , 2014-2016 -RRB- , and two Critics Choice Television Awards for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series -LRB- 2013 , 2016 -RRB- , among other numerous accolades . In 2017 , Clarke became one of the highest paid actors on television for earnings of # 2 million per episode of Game of Thrones . Clarke made her Broadway debut as Holly Golightly in a production of Breakfast at Tiffany 's in March 2013 . In 2015 , she was named Esquires Sexiest Woman Alive . She is also known for her starring roles as Sarah Connor in the science fiction film Terminator Genisys -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and as Louisa Clark in the romance film Me Before You -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . In November 2016 she was cast as the female lead in the upcoming Star Wars Han Solo anthology film . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | The Winds of Winter is a 2000 page novel. | The_Winds_of_Winter | The Winds of Winter is the forthcoming sixth novel in the epic fantasy series A Song of Ice and Fire by George R. R. Martin . The previous installment , A Dance with Dragons , covered less story than Martin intended , excluding at least one planned large battle sequence and leaving several character threads ending in cliffhangers . Martin intends to resolve these storylines `` very early '' in The Winds of Winter , saying `` I 'm going to open with the two big battles that I was building up to , the battle in the ice and the battle at Meereen -- the battle of Slaver 's Bay . And then take it from there . '' A Victarion Greyjoy chapter will begin five minutes after the end of A Dance with Dragons , taking place on the eve of the Iron Islanders ' arrival in Slaver 's Bay . Arianne Martell sample chapters that Martin released on his website showed her heading for Griffin 's Roost to see the young man who is calling himself Aegon . Martin said in March 2012 that the final two novels will take readers farther north than any of the previous books , and that the Others will appear in the book . |
REFUTES | The Burj Khalifa contains only 4 elevators. | Burj_Khalifa | The Burj Khalifa -LRB- برج خليفة , Arabic for `` Khalifa Tower '' ; pronounced -LSB- langˈbɝdʒ_kə ` li : fə -RSB- -RRB- , known as the Burj Dubai before its inauguration , is a megatall skyscraper in Dubai , United Arab Emirates . With a total height of 829.8 m including the antenna and a roof height of 828 m , the Burj Khalifa is currently the tallest structure in the world since topping out in late 2008 . Construction of the Burj Khalifa began in 2004 , with the exterior completed 5 years later in 2009 . The primary structure is reinforced concrete . The building was opened in 2010 as part of a new development called Downtown Dubai . It is designed to be the centrepiece of large-scale , mixed-use development . The decision to construct the building is reportedly based on the government 's decision to diversify from an oil-based economy , and for Dubai to gain international recognition . The building was named in honour of the ruler of Abu Dhabi and president of the United Arab Emirates , Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan ; Abu Dhabi and the UAE government lent Dubai money to pay its debts . The building broke numerous height records , including its designation as the tallest tower in the world . Burj Khalifa was designed by Adrian Smith , then of Skidmore , Owings & Merrill -LRB- SOM -RRB- , whose firm designed the Willis Tower and One World Trade Center . Hyder Consulting was chosen to be the supervising engineer with NORR Group Consultants International Limited chosen to supervise the architecture of the project . The design is derived from the Islamic architecture of the region , such as in the Great Mosque of Samarra . The Y-shaped tripartite floor geometry is designed to optimize residential and hotel space . A buttressed central core and wings are used to support the height of the building . Although this design was derived from Tower Palace III , the Burj Khalifa 's central core houses all vertical transportation with the exception of egress stairs within each of the wings . The structure also features a cladding system which is designed to withstand Dubai 's hot summer temperatures . It contains a total of 57 elevators and 8 escalators . Critical reception to Burj Khalifa has been generally positive , and the building has received many awards . However , the labour issues during construction were controversial , since the building was built primarily by migrant workers from South Asia with several allegations of mistreatment . Poor working conditions are common , as the result of the lack of minimum wage laws in the United Arab Emirates . Several instances of suicides have been reported , which is not uncommon for migrant construction workers in Dubai despite safety precautions in place . |
SUPPORTS | Gotham premiered on Fox. | Gotham_-LRB-TV_series-RRB- | Gotham is an American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller , based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise , primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne . The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon , while Heller executive-produces , along with Danny Cannon , who also directed the pilot . Originally the series would have related only Gordon 's early days on the Gotham City Police Department , but the series subsequently included the Wayne character and the origin stories of several Batman villains , including Penguin , Riddler , Catwoman , Poison Ivy , Two-Face , Scarecrow , Mr. Freeze , and Hugo Strange . Gotham premiered on Fox on September 22 , 2014 . In March 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season which premiered on September 19 , 2016 . In May 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season . |
REFUTES | The Originals (TV series) began airing on The CW on October 30, 2013. | The_Originals_-LRB-TV_series-RRB- | The Originals is an American television series that began airing on The CW on October 3 , 2013 . Created as a spin-off of The Vampire Diaries , the series follows vampire Klaus Mikaelson as he and his family become embroiled in the supernatural politics of New Orleans . On May 10 , 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a fifth season . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Stomp the Yard features an American actor born in 1982 in a prominent role. | Stomp_the_Yard | Stomp the Yard is a 2007 dance drama film produced by Rainforest Films and released through Sony Pictures ' Screen Gems division on January 12 , 2007 . Directed by Sylvain White , Stomp the Yard centers on DJ Williams , a college student at a fictional historically Black university who pledges to join a fictional Greek-letter fraternity . The film 's central conflict involves DJ 's fraternity competing in various stepping competitions against a rival fraternity from the same school . The film 's script was written by Robert Adetuyi , working from an original draft by Gregory Ramon Anderson . The film was originally titled Steppin '' ' , but to avoid confusion over the 2006 film Step Up , the title was changed . Delta Sigma Theta along with other sororities like Gamma Theta were in the movie . The film stars Columbus Short , Meagan Good , Darrin Henson , Brian White , Laz Alonso , and Valarie Pettiford , with Harry Lennix , and , in their film debuts , R&B singers Ne-Yo & Chris Brown . Stomp the Yard was filmed in Atlanta , Georgia , on the campuses of Morris Brown College , Georgia Institute of Technology , Morehouse College , and Clark Atlanta University , and in the MAK Historic District of Decatur , Georgia . Elsewhere Short and Brown had also starred together in the film This Christmas '' . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | John Goodman played Babe Ruth in Field of Dreams. | The_Babe | The Babe is a 1992 American biographical drama film about the life of famed baseball player Babe Ruth , who is portrayed by John Goodman . It was directed by Arthur Hiller , written by John Fusco and released in the United States on April 17 , 1992 . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Caleb McLaughlin finished college in October. | S.A._Stepanek | S.A. Stepanek is an American poet . She graduated from the Iowa Writer 's Workshop with an M.F.A. and from the University of Houston with a Ph.D. . She teaches at Wheaton College . She was on a panel at the 2007 Association of Writers & Writing Programs . Stepanek won the 2005 National Poetry Series award . |
REFUTES | Deepika Padukone only acts in tragedies. | Deepika_Padukone | Deepika Padukone -LRB- -LSB- d̪iːpɪkaː pəɖʊkoːɳ -RSB- ; born 5 January 1986 -RRB- is an Indian film actress . One of the highest-paid actresses in the world , Padukone is the recipient of several awards , including three Filmfare Awards . She features in listings of the nation 's most popular and attractive personalities . Padukone , the daughter of the badminton player Prakash Padukone , was born in Copenhagen and raised in Bangalore . As a teenager , she played badminton in national level championships but left her career in the sport to become a fashion model . She soon received offers for film roles and made her acting debut in 2006 as the title character of the Kannada film Aishwarya . Padukone then played a dual role in her first Bollywood releasethe 2007 blockbuster Om Shanti Omand won a Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut . Padukone received praise for portraying the lead roles in the romance Love Aaj Kal -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and the drama Lafangey Parindey -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , but her performances in the romance Bachna Ae Haseeno -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and the comedy Housefull -LRB- 2010 -RRB- were met with negative reviews . The 2012 box office hit Cocktail marked a turning point in Padukone 's career , earning her praise and Best Actress nominations at several award ceremonies . She rose to prominence with starring roles in the romantic comedies Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Chennai Express -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , the heist comedy Happy New Year -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the historical romance Bajirao Mastani -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , all of which rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films . Padukone 's acclaimed portrayal of a character based on Juliet in the tragic romance Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and a headstrong architect in the comedy-drama Piku -LRB- 2015 -RRB- won her two Best Actress awards at Filmfare . Her first project in Hollywood came with the action film xXx : Return of Xander Cage -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Alongside her acting career , Padukone participates in stage shows , has written columns for an Indian newspaper , is a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products , and is vocal about issues such as feminism and depression . She has designed her own line of clothing for women and is the founder of The Live Love Laugh Foundation , which creates awareness on mental health in India . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | The Bengal tiger was subordinated by Jane Goodall. | Bengal_tiger | The Bengal tiger -LRB- Panthera tigris tigris -RRB- is the most numerous tiger subspecies . By 2011 , the total population was estimated at fewer than 2,500 individuals with a decreasing trend . None of the Tiger Conservation Landscapes within the Bengal tiger 's range is considered large enough to support an effective population size of 250 adult individuals . Since 2010 , it is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List . By 2010 , Bengal tiger populations in India were estimated at 1,706 -- 1,909 . As of 2016 , they had reputedly increased to an estimated 3,890 individuals . Bengal tigers number around 440 in Bangladesh and 163 -- 253 in Nepal . Prior censuses placed the tiger population in Bhutan at around 65 -- 75 individuals . In 2015 , it was estimated that 103 Bengal tigers were living in the country . Bengal is traditionally fixed as the typical locality for the binomen Panthera tigris , to which the British taxonomist Reginald Innes Pocock subordinated the Bengal tiger in 1929 under the trinomen Panthera tigris tigris . The Bengal , Caspian and Siberian tigers , and lion rank among the biggest cats . It is the national animal of both India and Bangladesh . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Georgians arose from the ancient Iberian civilizations and they are significant people. | Georgians | The Georgians or Kartvelians -LRB- -LSB- ქართველები , tr -RSB- -RRB- are a nation and ethnic group who constitute a majority of the population in Georgia . Large Georgian communities are also present throughout Russia , Turkey , Greece , Iran , Ukraine , United States , and to a lesser extent throughout the European Union . Georgians arose from the ancient Colchian and Iberian civilizations . After Christianization of Iberia by Saint Nino they became one of the first who embraced the faith of Jesus in the early 4th century and now the majority of Georgians are Eastern Orthodox Christians and most follow their national autocephalous Georgian Orthodox Church . There are also small Georgian Catholic and Muslim communities in Tbilisi and Adjara , as well as a significant number of irreligious Georgians . A complex process of nation formation has resulted in a diverse set of geographic subgroups of Georgians , each with its characteristic traditions , manners , dialects and , in the case of Svans and Mingrelians , own regional languages . The Georgian language , with its own unique writing system and extensive written tradition , which goes back to the 5th century , is the official language of Georgia as well as the language of education of all Georgians living in the country . Located on the crossroads of predominantly Christian Europe and Muslim Western Asia , Georgian people have maintained their Christian identity in the face of great pressure from neighboring Muslim empires . By the early 11th century they formed a unified Kingdom of Georgia and inaugurated the Georgian Golden Age , a height of political and cultural power of the nation . This lasted until being weakened by Mongol invasions , as well as internal divisions following the death of George V the Brilliant , the last of the great kings of Georgia . Thereafter and throughout the early modern period Georgians became politically fractured and fell into decline due to the onslaught of various hostile empires , including the Ottoman Empire and successive dynasties of Persia . To ensure Georgia 's survival , in 1783 Heraclius II of Georgia forged an alliance with the Russian Empire , which Georgians viewed as a replacement for their fallen traditional ally -- Byzantine Empire . The Russo-Georgian alliance , however , backfired as Russia was unwilling to fulfill the terms of the treaty , proceeding to annex the troubled kingdom in 1801 . Georgians briefly reasserted their independence from Russia under the First Georgian Republic from 1918-1921 , and finally , in 1991 from the Soviet Union . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | An Education was created by singer Lynn Barber. | Lynn_Latham | Lynn or Lynne Latham may refer to : Lynn Marie Latham , television producer Lynne Latham , also credited as Lynn Latham , dancer and fashion designer |
SUPPORTS | Andrew Carnegie called on the wealthy to improve society. | Andrew_Carnegie | Andrew Carnegie -LRB- -LSB- kɑːrˈneɪɡi -RSB- , but commonly -LSB- ˈkɑːrnᵻɡi -RSB- or -LSB- kɑrˈnɛɡi -RSB- ; November 25 , 1835 -- August 11 , 1919 -RRB- was a Scottish-American industrialist who led the expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century , and is often identified as one of the richest people and Americans ever . He built a leadership role as a philanthropist for the United States and the British Empire . During the last 18 years of his life , he gave away to charities , foundations , and universities about $ 350 million -LRB- in 2015 share of GDP , $ 78.6 billion -RRB- -- almost 90 percent of his fortune . His 1889 article proclaiming `` The Gospel of Wealth '' called on the rich to use their wealth to improve society , and it stimulated a wave of philanthropy . Carnegie was born in Dunfermline , Scotland , and emigrated in 1848 to the United States with his parents . Carnegie started work as a telegrapher and by the 1860s had investments in railroads , railroad sleeping cars , bridges and oil derricks . He accumulated further wealth as a bond salesman raising money for American enterprise in Europe . He built Pittsburgh 's Carnegie Steel Company , which he sold to J.P. Morgan in 1901 for $ 480 million . It became the U.S. Steel Corporation . After selling Carnegie Steel , he surpassed John D. Rockefeller as the richest American for the next couple of years . Carnegie devoted the remainder of his life to large-scale philanthropy , with special emphasis on local libraries , world peace , education and scientific research . With the fortune he made from business , he built Carnegie Hall and the Peace Palace and founded the Carnegie Corporation of New York , Carnegie Endowment for International Peace , Carnegie Institution for Science , Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland , Carnegie Hero Fund , Carnegie Mellon University and the Carnegie Museums of Pittsburgh , among others . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | SummerSlam closed in Brooklyn. | SummerSlam | SummerSlam is a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event , produced annually in August by professional wrestling promotion WWE . Dubbed as `` The Biggest Party of the Summer '' , it is one of the original `` Big Four '' pay-per-view events of WWE -LRB- along with WrestleMania , Royal Rumble and Survivor Series -RRB- . The inaugural SummerSlam took place on August 29 , 1988 at Madison Square Garden in New York City and was broadcast via pay-per-view . SummerSlam has been touted by WWE as their second biggest event of the year after WrestleMania . From 2009 to 2014 , SummerSlam remained exclusive to Staples Center in Los Angeles . Since 2015 , the event has took place at the Barclays Center in the New York City borough of Brooklyn . |
REFUTES | Vatican City is a sovereign state that includes a city and its dependent territories. | Vatican_City | Vatican City -LRB- -LSB- ˈvætᵻkən_ˈsɪti -RSB- Città del Vaticano -LSB- tʃitˈta ddel vatiˈkaːno -RSB- Civitas Vaticana -RRB- , officially Vatican City State or the State of Vatican City -LRB- -LSB- Stato della Città del Vaticano , links = no -RSB- -LSB- Status Civitatis Vaticanae , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , is a walled enclave within the city of Rome . With an area of approximately 44 hectares -LRB- 110 acres -RRB- , and a population of 1,000 , it is the smallest state in the world by both area and population . However , formally it is not sovereign , with sovereignty being held by the Holy See , the only entity of public international law that has diplomatic relations with almost every country in the world . It is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state -LRB- a type of theocracy -RRB- ruled by the Bishop of Rome -- the Pope . The highest state functionaries are all Catholic clergy of various national origins . Since the return of the Popes from Avignon in 1377 , they have generally resided at the Apostolic Palace within what is now Vatican City , although at times residing instead in the Quirinal Palace in Rome or elsewhere . Vatican City is distinct from the Holy See -LRB- -LSB- Sancta Sedes , links = no -RSB- -RRB- , which dates back to early Christianity and is the main episcopal see of 1.2 billion Latin and Eastern Catholic adherents around the globe . The independent city-state , on the other hand , came into existence in 1929 by the Lateran Treaty between the Holy See and Italy , which spoke of it as a new creation , not as a vestige of the much larger Papal States -LRB- 756 -- 1870 -RRB- , which had previously encompassed much of central Italy . According to the terms of the treaty , the Holy See has `` full ownership , exclusive dominion , and sovereign authority and jurisdiction '' over the city-state . Within Vatican City are religious and cultural sites such as St. Peter 's Basilica , the Sistine Chapel and the Vatican Museums . They feature some of the world 's most famous paintings and sculptures . The unique economy of Vatican City is supported financially by the sale of postage stamps and tourist mementos , fees for admission to museums , and the sale of publications . |
REFUTES | Granite is a car. | Granite | Granite -LRB- -LSB- pronˈɡrænᵻt -RSB- -RRB- is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture . Granites can be predominantly white , pink , or gray in color , depending on their mineralogy . The word `` granite '' comes from the Latin granum , a grain , in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock . Strictly speaking , granite is an igneous rock with between 20 % and 60 % quartz by volume , and at least 35 % of the total feldspar consisting of alkali feldspar , although commonly the term `` granite '' is used to refer to a wider range of coarse grained igneous rocks containing quartz and feldspar . The term `` granitic '' means granite-like and is applied to granite and a group of intrusive igneous rocks with similar textures and slight variations in composition and origin . These rocks mainly consist of feldspar , quartz , mica , and amphibole minerals , which form an interlocking , somewhat equigranular matrix of feldspar and quartz with scattered darker biotite mica and amphibole -LRB- often hornblende -RRB- peppering the lighter color minerals . Occasionally some individual crystals -LRB- phenocrysts -RRB- are larger than the groundmass , in which case the texture is known as porphyritic . A granitic rock with a porphyritic texture is known as a granite porphyry . Granitoid is a general , descriptive field term for lighter-colored , coarse-grained igneous rocks . Petrographic examination is required for identification of specific types of granitoids . The extrusive igneous rock equivalent of granite is rhyolite . Granite is nearly always massive -LRB- lacking any internal structures -RRB- , hard and tough , and therefore it has gained widespread use throughout human history , and more recently as a construction stone . The average density of granite is between 2.65 and 2.75 g/cm3 -LRB- 165.4 - 171.7 lb/ft3 -RRB- , its compressive strength usually lies above 200 MPa , and its viscosity near STP is 3 -- 6 • 1019 Pa · s. The melting temperature of dry granite at ambient pressure is ; it is strongly reduced in the presence of water , down to 650 ° C at a few kBar pressure . Granite has poor primary permeability , but strong secondary permeability . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | The House of the Spirits won Oscar Awards. | Los_Angeles_Film_Critics_Association_Award_for_Best_Screenplay | The Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Screenplay is one of the annual film awards given by the Los Angeles Film Critics Association . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Akon is a lawyer. | Locked_Up_-LRB-song-RRB- | `` Locked Up '' is the debut single by American singer Akon , taken as the lead single from his debut studio album , Trouble . The single was released in 2004 , peaking at # 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 . Outside the United States , `` Locked Up '' peaked within the top 10 of the charts in the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom . |
SUPPORTS | Ice-T signed to Sire Records. | Ice-T | Tracy Lauren Marrow -LRB- born February 16 , 1958 -RRB- , better known by his stage name Ice-T , is an American rapper , metal vocalist and actor . He began his career as a rapper in the 1980s and was signed to Sire Records in 1987 , when he released his debut album Rhyme Pays , one of the first hip-hop albums to carry an explicit content sticker . The next year , he founded the record label Rhyme $ yndicate Records -LRB- named after his collective of fellow hip-hop artists called the ` Rhyme $ yndicate ' -RRB- and released another album , Power . He co-founded the heavy metal band Body Count , which he introduced in his 1991 album O.G. : Original Gangster . Body Count released its self-titled debut album in 1992 . Ice-T encountered controversy over his track `` Cop Killer '' , which was perceived to glamorize killing police officers . Ice-T asked to be released from his contract with Warner Bros. . Records , and his next solo album , Home Invasion , was released later in February 1993 through Priority Records . Body Count 's next album was released in 1994 , and Ice-T released two more albums in the late 1990s . Since 2000 , he has portrayed NYPD Detective/Sergeant Odafin Tutuola on the NBC police drama Law & Order : Special Victims Unit . On August 1 , 2006 the fourth Body Count album Murder 4 Hire was released , then Manslaughter on June 10 , 2014 and followed by Bloodlust on March 31st , 2017 . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Ed Gein's was born and raised until the age of fourteen in Plainfield, Wisconsin. | Cross_Plains,_Wisconsin | Cross Plains is a village in Dane County , Wisconsin , United States . The population was 3,538 at the 2010 census . The village is located partially within the Town of Cross Plains . It is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area . |
REFUTES | Sausage Party was only directed by Donald Trump. | Sausage_Party | Sausage Party is a 2016 adult computer-animated comedy film directed by Greg Tiernan and Conrad Vernon and written by Kyle Hunter , Ariel Shaffir , Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg . It stars the voices of Seth Rogen , Kristen Wiig , Jonah Hill , Bill Hader , Michael Cera , James Franco , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Paul Rudd , Nick Kroll , David Krumholtz , Edward Norton , and Salma Hayek . It is the first CGI-animated film to be rated R by the MPAA . A spoof of Disney and Pixar films , it follows a sausage who tries to discover the truth about his existence and goes on a journey with his friends to escape their fate . The film 's rough cut premiered on March 14 , 2016 at South by Southwest and the film was theatrically released in the United States and Canada on August 12 , 2016 by Columbia Pictures . The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed more than $ 140 million . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Adidas manufactures boots. | Adidas | Adidas AG -LRB- -LSB- ˈadiˌdas -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- stylised as adidas since 1949 -RRB- is a German multinational corporation , headquartered in Herzogenaurach , Germany , that designs and manufactures shoes , clothing and accessories . It is the largest sportswear manufacturer in Europe , and the second biggest in the world . It is the holding company for the Adidas Group , which consists of the Reebok sportswear company , TaylorMade-Adidas golf company -LRB- including Ashworth -RRB- , 9.1 % of Bayern Munich and Runtastic , an Austrian fitness technology company . Adidas revenue for 2016 was listed at $ 19.29 billion . Adidas was registered on 18 August 1949 by Adolf Dassler , following a family feud at the Gebrüder Dassler Schuhfabrik company between him and his older brother Rudolf . Rudolf had earlier established Puma , which quickly became the business rival of Adidas , and is also headquartered in Herzogenaurach . The company 's clothing and shoe designs typically feature three parallel bars , and the same motif is incorporated into Adidas 's current official logo . The brand name is uncapitalized and is stylized with a lower case `` a '' . |
SUPPORTS | Melilla is a Spanish city. | Melilla | Melilla -LRB- -LSB- məˈliːjə -RSB- ; -LSB- meˈliʎa -RSB- , -LSB- meˈliʝa -RSB- ; Mřič -LSB- , Maliliyyah -RRB- is a Spanish autonomous city located on the north coast of Africa , sharing a border with Morocco with an area of 12.3 km2 . Melilla , along with Ceuta , is one of two permanently inhabited Spanish cities in mainland Africa . It was part of Málaga province until 14 March 1995 when the city 's Statute of Autonomy was passed . Melilla , like Ceuta , was a free port before Spain joined the European Union . , it had a population of 78,476 made up of ethnic Spaniards , ethnic Riffian Berbers , and a small number of Sephardic Jews and Sindhi Hindus . Both Spanish and Riffian-Berber are the two most widely spoken languages , with Spanish as the only official language . Melilla is officially subject to a territorial claim along with the city of Ceuta . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Castlevania is an action-platformer which has received numerous video game awards. | Castlevania_-LRB-1986_video_game-RRB- | Castlevania , known in Japan as , is an action-platformer video game developed and published by Konami for the Family Computer Disk System video game console in Japan in September 1986 . It was ported to cartridge format and released in North America for the Nintendo Entertainment System -LRB- NES -RRB- in May 1987 followed by a European release in 1988 . The game takes place in the year 1691 where players control Simon Belmont who is tasked with defeating the vampire Dracula . It was re-released for the Family Computer -LRB- FC -RRB- in cartridge format in 1993 . It is the first game in Konami 's Castlevania video game series ; it was followed by two more NES games titled Castlevania II : Simon 's Quest -LRB- released for the NES in 1988 -RRB- and Castlevania III : Dracula 's Curse -LRB- 1989 -RRB- . A fourth game , retelling the events of the original , was released for the Super NES and titled Super Castlevania IV . Castlevania was positively received and financially successful . It is considered an NES classic by PC World , while Nintendo Power and Game Informer ranked it in their best video games list -LRB- at 22 and 48 respectively -RRB- . IGN ranked it 19 among their favourite NES games . |
SUPPORTS | Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American independent horror film. | Night_of_the_Living_Dead | Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American independent horror film , directed by George A. Romero , starring Duane Jones and Judith O'Dea . It was completed on a $ 114,000 budget and premiered October 1 , 1968 . The film became a financial success , grossing $ 12 million domestically and $ 18 million internationally . It has been a cult classic ever since . Night of the Living Dead was heavily criticized at its release for its explicit gore . It eventually garnered critical acclaim and has been selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry , as a film deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . The story follows characters Ben -LRB- Jones -RRB- , Barbra -LRB- O'Dea -RRB- , and five others trapped in a rural farmhouse in Western Pennsylvania , which is attacked by a large and growing group of unnamed `` living dead '' monsters drawing on earlier depictions in popular culture of the ghoul , which has led this type of creature to be referred to most popularly as a zombie . This is the most easily recognized version of the living dead , to the point where people gather in mass quantities for conventions dressed as zombies , complete with makeup and prosthetic limbs . Night of the Living Dead led to five subsequent films between 1978 and 2010 , also directed by Romero , and inspired two remakes ; the most well-known remake was released in 1990 , directed by Tom Savini . |
REFUTES | The Romani people fled the Americas around 1,000 years ago. | Romani_people | The Romani -LRB- also spelled Romany ; -LSB- ˈroʊməni -RSB- , -LSB- ˈrɒ - -RSB- -RRB- , or Roma , are a traditionally nomadic ethnic group , living mostly in Europe and the Americas and originating from the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent , apparently from the region that is currently occupied by the Indian states of Rajasthan , Haryana , and Punjab . The Romani are widely known among English-speaking people by the exonym `` Gypsies '' -LRB- or `` Gipsies '' -RRB- , which some people consider pejorative due to its connotations of illegality and irregularity . They are a dispersed people , but their most concentrated populations are located in Europe , especially Central , Eastern and Southern Europe -LRB- including Turkey , Spain and Southern France -RRB- . The Romani originated in Northern India and arrived in Mid-West Asia , and Europe soon thereafter , around 1,000 years ago , either separating from the Dom people or , at least , having a similar history . Specifically , the ancestors of both the Romani and the Dom left North India sometime between the sixth and eleventh century . Since the 19th century , some Romani have also migrated to the Americas . There are an estimated one million Roma in the United States ; and 800,000 in Brazil , most of whose ancestors emigrated in the nineteenth century from eastern Europe . Brazil also includes some Romani descended from people deported by the government of Portugal during the Inquisition in the colonial era . In migrations since the late nineteenth century , Romani have also moved to other countries in South America and to Canada . In February 2016 , during the International Roma Conference , the Indian Minister of External Affairs stated that the people of the Roma community were children of India . The conference ended with a recommendation to the Government of India to recognize the Roma community spread across 30 countries as a part of the Indian diaspora . The Romani language is divided into several dialects , which add up to an estimated number of speakers larger than two million . The total number of Romani people is at least twice as large -LRB- several times as large according to high estimates -RRB- . Many Romani are native speakers of the language current in their country of residence , or of mixed languages combining the two ; those varieties are sometimes called Para-Romani . |
SUPPORTS | Richard Kuklinski has a family. | Richard_Kuklinski | Richard Leonard Kuklinski -LRB- April 11 , 1935 -- March 5 , 2006 -RRB- was an American contract killer who was convicted for five murders . Kuklinski was given the nickname `` Iceman '' for his method of freezing a victim to mask the time of death . During his criminal career , fellow mobsters called Kuklinski `` the one-man army '' or `` the devil himself '' due to his fearsome reputation and imposing physique of 6 ' 5 '' -LRB- 196 cm -RRB- and 270 pounds -LRB- 122 kg -RRB- . Kuklinski lived with his wife and children in the suburb of Dumont , New Jersey . His family was apparently unaware of Kuklinski 's double life and crimes . A New Jersey Police task force was formed after Kuklinski was suspected of two murders . An eighteen month long undercover investigation led to his arrest in 1986 . He was sentenced to life imprisonment in 1988 . By the early to mid-1980s , Kuklinski was involved in narcotics , pornography , arms dealing , money laundering , hijacking and contract killing on a global basis . While his range of criminal activities expanded , he began to make mistakes . Although Kuklinski is claimed to have killed anyone who could testify against him , he got sloppy about disposing of his victims . Law enforcement began to suspect Kuklinski and started an investigation , gathering evidence about the various crimes he had committed . Kuklinski was a contract killer for Newark 's DeCavalcante crime family and New York City 's Five Families of the American Mafia . After his murder convictions , Kuklinski took part in a number of interviews during which he claimed to have murdered from over 100 to 250 men between 1948 and 1986 , though his recollection of events sometimes varied . Though some have expressed skepticism about the extent of Kuklinski 's alleged murders , police are confident in their belief that he was a serial killer who killed at least several dozen people both at the behest of organized crime bosses and on his own initiative . Many of Kuklinski 's claims were substantiated by author Philip Carlo in over 240 hours of interviews and via the dozens of cases Kuklinski helped New Jersey police clear after his incarceration . Three documentaries , two biographies and a feature film have been produced on Kuklinski based on his interviews and the results of the task force that brought Kuklinski to justice . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | There have been no North African champions at any Africa Cup of Nations. | 2004_FIBA_Africa_Under-20_Championship_squads | This article displays the rosters for the participating teams at the 2004 FIBA Africa Championship . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Scaramouche is French for "little skirmisher". | Scaramouche | Scaramuccia -LRB- literally `` little skirmisher '' -RRB- , also known as Scaramouche or Scaramouch , is a stock clown character of the Italian commedia dell ` arte . The role combined characteristics of the zanni -LRB- servant -RRB- and the Capitano -LRB- masked henchman -RRB- . Usually attired in black Spanish dress and burlesquing a don , he was often beaten by Harlequin for his boasting and cowardice . |
SUPPORTS | Weill Cornell Medicine is a school as part of a university. | Weill_Cornell_Medicine | Weill Cornell Medicine -LSB- waɪl_kɔrˈnɛl -RSB- is the biomedical research unit and medical school of Cornell University , a private Ivy League university . The medical college is located at 1300 York Avenue , on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City , along with the Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences . One of the most selective medical schools in the United States -LRB- based on analysis by U.S. News & World Report -RRB- , Cornell enrolls approximately 100 students per class . In 2015 , 6,183 persons applied , and 800 were interviewed for only 106 seats . The average undergraduate GPA and MCAT scores for successful applicants were 3.84 and 36 , respectively . The college is named after benefactor and former Citigroup chairman Sanford Weill . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Kate Walsh was on a CBS television comedy. | Kate_Patrick | Kate Patrick is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera , Hollyoaks , played by Natasha Symms . She debuted on-screen during the episodes airing in 1997 . She departed in 2000 and returned for guest appearances in 2002 and 2003 . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | James Brolin appeared in Bruges. | James_Brolin | James Brolin -LRB- -LSB- ˈbroʊlᵻn -RSB- born July 18 , 1940 -RRB- is an American actor , producer , and director , best known for his roles in film and television , including sitcoms and soap operas . He is the father of actor Josh Brolin and husband of singer/actress Barbra Streisand . Among other awards , Brolin has won two Golden Globes and an Emmy . He received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on August 27 , 1998 . |
SUPPORTS | Deepika Padukone has been the object of both favorable and unfavorable critical reviews. | Deepika_Padukone | Deepika Padukone -LRB- -LSB- d̪iːpɪkaː pəɖʊkoːɳ -RSB- ; born 5 January 1986 -RRB- is an Indian film actress . One of the highest-paid actresses in the world , Padukone is the recipient of several awards , including three Filmfare Awards . She features in listings of the nation 's most popular and attractive personalities . Padukone , the daughter of the badminton player Prakash Padukone , was born in Copenhagen and raised in Bangalore . As a teenager , she played badminton in national level championships but left her career in the sport to become a fashion model . She soon received offers for film roles and made her acting debut in 2006 as the title character of the Kannada film Aishwarya . Padukone then played a dual role in her first Bollywood releasethe 2007 blockbuster Om Shanti Omand won a Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut . Padukone received praise for portraying the lead roles in the romance Love Aaj Kal -LRB- 2009 -RRB- and the drama Lafangey Parindey -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , but her performances in the romance Bachna Ae Haseeno -LRB- 2008 -RRB- and the comedy Housefull -LRB- 2010 -RRB- were met with negative reviews . The 2012 box office hit Cocktail marked a turning point in Padukone 's career , earning her praise and Best Actress nominations at several award ceremonies . She rose to prominence with starring roles in the romantic comedies Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and Chennai Express -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , the heist comedy Happy New Year -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and the historical romance Bajirao Mastani -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , all of which rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films . Padukone 's acclaimed portrayal of a character based on Juliet in the tragic romance Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela -LRB- 2013 -RRB- and a headstrong architect in the comedy-drama Piku -LRB- 2015 -RRB- won her two Best Actress awards at Filmfare . Her first project in Hollywood came with the action film xXx : Return of Xander Cage -LRB- 2017 -RRB- . Alongside her acting career , Padukone participates in stage shows , has written columns for an Indian newspaper , is a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products , and is vocal about issues such as feminism and depression . She has designed her own line of clothing for women and is the founder of The Live Love Laugh Foundation , which creates awareness on mental health in India . |
REFUTES | Pocahontas was the mother of Powhatan. | Pocahontas | Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . |
REFUTES | US Airways Flight 1549 landed in the Charles River. | US_Airways_Flight_1549 | US Airways Flight 1549 was an Airbus A320-214 which , three minutes after takeoff from New York City 's LaGuardia Airport on January 15 , 2009 , struck a flock of Canada geese just northeast of the George Washington Bridge and consequently lost all engine power . Unable to reach any airport , pilots Chesley Sullenberger and Jeffrey Skiles glided the plane to a ditching in the Hudson River off midtown Manhattan . All 155 people aboard were rescued by nearby boats and there were few serious injuries . The incident came to be known as the `` Miracle on the Hudson '' , and a National Transportation Safety Board official described it as `` the most successful ditching in aviation history . '' The Board also rejected the notion that the ditching could have been avoided had the crew immediately returned to LaGuardia or diverted to nearby Teterboro airport . The pilots and flight attendants were awarded the Master 's Medal of the Guild of Air Pilots and Air Navigators in recognition of their `` heroic and unique aviation achievement '' . |
REFUTES | Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is not a basketball player. | Kareem_Abdul-Jabbar | Kareem Abdul-Jabbar -LRB- born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr. ; April 16 , 1947 -RRB- is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers . During his career as a center , Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player -LRB- MVP -RRB- , a record 19-time NBA All-Star , a 15-time All-NBA selection , and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member . A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach , Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP . In 1996 , he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History . NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time . After winning 71 consecutive basketball games on his high school team in New York City , Alcindor attended college at UCLA , where he played for coach John Wooden on three consecutive national championship basketball teams and was a record three-time MVP of the NCAA Tournament . Drafted by the one-season-old Bucks franchise in the 1969 NBA draft with the first overall pick , Alcindor spent six seasons in Milwaukee . After winning his first NBA championship in 1971 , he adopted the Muslim name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar at age 24 . Using his trademark `` skyhook '' shot , he established himself as one of the league 's top scorers . In 1975 , he was traded to the Lakers , with whom he played the last 14 seasons of his career and won five additional NBA championships . Abdul-Jabbar 's contributions were a key component in the `` Showtime '' era of Lakers basketball . Over his 20-year NBA career his team succeeded in making the playoffs 18 times and past the 1st round in 14 of them ; his team reached the NBA Finals 10 times . At the time of his retirement in 1989 , Abdul-Jabbar was the NBA 's all-time leader in points scored -LRB- 38,387 -RRB- , games played -LRB- 1,560 -RRB- , minutes played -LRB- 57,446 -RRB- , field goals made -LRB- 15,837 -RRB- , field goal attempts -LRB- 28,307 -RRB- , blocked shots -LRB- 3,189 -RRB- , defensive rebounds -LRB- 9,394 -RRB- , career wins -LRB- 1,074 -RRB- , and personal fouls -LRB- 4,657 -RRB- . He remains the all-time leading scorer in the NBA , and player with most career wins . He is ranked 3rd all-time in both rebounds and blocks . In 2007 , ESPN voted him the greatest center of all time , in 2008 , they named him the `` greatest player in college basketball history '' , and in 2016 , they named him the second best player in NBA history -LRB- behind Michael Jordan -RRB- . Abdul-Jabbar has also been an actor , a basketball coach , and a best-selling author . In 2012 , he was selected by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to be a U.S. global cultural ambassador . In 2016 , he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama . |
REFUTES | Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is not a basketball player. | Center_-LRB-basketball-RRB- | The center -LRB- C -RRB- , also known as the five or the big man , is one of the five positions in a regular basketball game . The center is normally the tallest player on the team , and often has a great deal of strength and body mass as well . The tallest player to ever be drafted in the NBA was the 7 ' 8 '' -LRB- 2.33 m -RRB- Yasutaka Okayama from Japan . The tallest players to ever play in the NBA , at 7 ' 7 '' -LRB- 2.31 m -RRB- , are centers Gheorghe Mureșan and Manute Bol . Standing at 7 ' 2 '' -LRB- 2.18 m -RRB- , Margo Dydek is the tallest player to have ever played in the WNBA . |
REFUTES | Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is not a basketball player. | Hook_shot | In basketball , a hook shot is a play in which the offensive player , usually turned perpendicular to the basket , gently throws the ball with a sweeping motion of his arm in an upward arc with a follow-through which ends over his head . Unlike the jump shot , it is shot with only one hand ; the other arm is often used to create space between the shooter and the defensive player . The shot is quite difficult to block , but few players have mastered the shot more than a few feet from the basket . The hook shot was reportedly performed for the first time in official games in Eurobasket 1937 by Pranas Talzūnas , a member of the eventual champions , the Lithuania basketball team . Former Harlem Globetrotter Goose Tatum is often credited with inventing the hook shot ; he would even shoot them without looking at the basket . The hook shot later became a staple of many players in the National Basketball Association , including notable stars such as George Mikan , Kareem Abdul-Jabbar , Magic Johnson , and Yao Ming . In FIBA games , hook shots were a favored skill for centers before dunks became more popular , mostly because of the relative difficulty of blocking such shots . |
REFUTES | Kung Fu Panda made $75 million during its opening weekend. | Kung_Fu_Panda | Kung Fu Panda is a 2008 American computer-animated action comedy martial arts film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It was directed by John Stevenson and Mark Osborne and produced by Melissa Cobb , and stars the voices of Jack Black , Dustin Hoffman , Angelina Jolie , Ian McShane , Seth Rogen , Lucy Liu , David Cross , Randall Duk Kim , James Hong , and Jackie Chan . Set in a version of ancient China populated by anthropomorphic talking animals , the plot revolves around a bumbling panda named Po who aspires to be a kung fu master . When an evil kung fu warrior is foretold to escape after twenty years in prison , Po is unwittingly named the chosen one destined to defeat him and bring peace to the land , much to the chagrin of the resident kung fu warriors . The idea for the film was conceived by Michael Lachance , a DreamWorks Animation executive . The film was originally intended to be a parody , but director Stevenson decided instead , to shoot an action comedy wuxia film that incorporates the hero 's journey narrative archetype for the lead character . The computer animation in the film was more complex than anything DreamWorks had done before . As with most DreamWorks animated films , Hans Zimmer -LRB- collaborating with John Powell this time -RRB- scored Kung Fu Panda . He visited China to absorb the culture and get to know the China National Symphony Orchestra as part of his preparation . A sequel , Kung Fu Panda 2 , was released on May 26 , 2011 , along with a television series , Kung Fu Panda : Legends of Awesomeness later that same year as a part of a franchise . A second sequel called Kung Fu Panda 3 was released on January 29 , 2016 . Kung Fu Panda premiered in the United States on June 6 , 2008 . The film received critical acclaim upon release . Kung Fu Panda opened in 4,114 theaters , grossing $ 20.3 million on its opening day and $ 60.2 million on its opening weekend , resulting in the number one position at the box office . The film became DreamWorks ' biggest opening for a non-sequel film , the highest grossing animated film of the year worldwide , and also had the fourth-largest opening weekend for a DreamWorks animated film at the American and Canadian box office , behind Shrek 2 , Shrek the Third , and Shrek Forever After . |
SUPPORTS | Samsung entered the shipbuilding industries. | Samsung | Samsung Group -LRB- ; -LSB- sʰamsʰʌŋ -RSB- -RRB- is a South Korean multinational conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Town , Seoul . It comprises numerous affiliated businesses , most of them united under the Samsung brand , and is the largest South Korean chaebol -LRB- business conglomerate -RRB- . Samsung was founded by Lee Byung-chul in 1938 as a trading company . Over the next three decades , the group diversified into areas including food processing , textiles , insurance , securities and retail . Samsung entered the electronics industry in the late 1960s and the construction and shipbuilding industries in the mid-1970s ; these areas would drive its subsequent growth . Following Lee 's death in 1987 , Samsung was separated into four business groups -- Samsung Group , Shinsegae Group , CJ Group and Hansol Group . Since 1990 , Samsung has increasingly globalised its activities and electronics ; in particular , its mobile phones and semiconductors have become its most important source of income . Notable Samsung industrial affiliates include Samsung Electronics -LRB- the world 's 2nd largest information technology company measured by 2015 revenues , and 5th in market value -RRB- , Samsung Heavy Industries -LRB- the world 's 2nd largest shipbuilder measured by 2010 revenues -RRB- , and Samsung Engineering and Samsung C&T -LRB- respectively the world 's 13th and 36th largest construction companies -RRB- . Other notable subsidiaries include Samsung Life Insurance -LRB- the world 's 14th largest life insurance company -RRB- , Samsung Everland -LRB- operator of Everland Resort , the oldest theme park in South Korea -RRB- and Cheil Worldwide -LRB- the world 's 15th largest advertising agency measured by 2012 revenues -RRB- . Samsung has a powerful influence on South Korea 's economic development , politics , media and culture and has been a major driving force behind the `` Miracle on the Han River '' . Its affiliate companies produce around a fifth of South Korea 's total exports . Samsung 's revenue was equal to 17 % of South Korea 's $ 1,082 billion GDP . |
REFUTES | Musala is 2,925 dollars. | Musala | Musala -LRB- Мусала from Arabic through Ottoman Turkish : Musalla , `` near God '' or `` place for prayer '' is the highest peak in the entire Balkan Peninsula , standing at 2,925 m -LRB- 9,596 ft -RRB- . The summit of the Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria , Musala is the highest peak between the Alps and the Caucasus and the highest in Eastern Europe bar the Caucasus . With a prominence of 2473 m , Musala is the 7th most prominent mountain peak in Europe . Musala is situated within the Rila National Park , which is noted for its rich flora , including species such as Macedonian Pine and Bulgarian Fir in the forests on its middle slopes , and fauna ; it is one of the easiest places in Europe to see the wallcreeper . All major mountain ranges of Bulgaria can be seen from the top ; these include Vitosha to the northwest , Sredna Gora towards the northeast , the Balkan Mountains along most of the northern horizon behind Vitosha and Sredna Gora , the Rhodope Mountains to the southeast , Pirin to the south , Osogovo and Ruy Mountain to the west , and of course Rila . A Cosmic Ray Station was built on the peak in 1960 with cooperation from the Hungarian Academy of Science . The station conducted scientific experiments using a muon telescope . The station was destroyed by an electrical fire on October 29 , 1983 . With an average annual temperature of -2.3 ° C Musala is the coldest place in Bulgaria and the entire Balkan Peninsula . Temperatures stay below 0 ° C for about 8 months each year . Due to this about 45 % of the annual precipitation on Musala is snow , and snow cover lasts for about 200 days -LRB- more than six months -RRB- . Three of the main rivers of Bulgaria , the Iskar , Maritsa and Mesta have their sources near Musala . The next highest peaks in the vicinity of Musala are Little Musala -LRB- 2,902 m -RRB- and Irechek -LRB- 2,852 m -RRB- . |
REFUTES | Musala is 2,925 dollars. | Balkans | The Balkan Peninsula , or the Balkans , is a peninsula and a cultural area in Eastern and Southeastern Europe with various and disputed borders . The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch from the Serbian-Bulgarian border to the Black Sea . The Balkans are bordered by the Adriatic Sea on the northwest , the Ionian Sea on the southwest , the Mediterranean and Aegean Sea on the south and southeast , and the Black Sea on the east and northeast . The highest point of the Balkans is Mount Musala 2925 m in the Rila mountain range . |
SUPPORTS | Ed and Lorraine Warren were authors. | Ed_and_Lorraine_Warren | Edward Warren Miney -LRB- September 7 , 1926 -- August 23 , 2006 -RRB- and Lorraine Rita Warren -LRB- née Moran , born January 31 , 1927 -RRB- were a married Roman Catholic couple who were highly controversial American paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of hauntings . Edward was a World War II United States Navy veteran and former police officer who became a self-taught and self-professed demonologist , author , and lecturer . Lorraine professes to be clairvoyant and a light trance medium who worked closely with her husband . In 1952 , the Warrens founded the New England Society for Psychic Research , the oldest ghost hunting group in New England . They authored numerous books about the paranormal and about their private investigations into various reports of paranormal activity . They claimed to have investigated over 10,000 cases during their career . The Warrens were among the very first investigators in the controversial Amityville haunting . According to the Warrens , the N.E.S.P.R. utilizes a variety of individuals , including medical doctors , researchers , police officers , nurses , college students , and members of the clergy in its investigations . Stories of ghost hauntings popularized by the Warrens have been adapted as , or have indirectly inspired , dozens of films , television series and documentaries , including 17 films in the Amityville Horror series alone . Other adaptations include the 2013 movie The Conjuring , its prequel/spinoff from 2014 , Annabelle , and its sequel , The Conjuring 2 , released in 2016 . Skeptics Perry DeAngelis and Steve Novella have investigated the Warren 's evidence and found it all to be `` blarney '' . Skeptical investigators Joe Nickell and Ben Radford concluded that the more famous hauntings , Amityville and the Snedeker 's , did not happen and had been `` invented '' . |
SUPPORTS | George III was succeeded by the Prince Regent. | George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom | George III -LRB- George William Frederick ; 4 June 1738 -- 29 January 1820 -RRB- was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801 , after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death . He was concurrently Duke and prince-elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg -LRB- `` Hanover '' -RRB- in the Holy Roman Empire until his promotion to King of Hanover on 12 October 1814 . He was the third British monarch of the House of Hanover , but unlike his two predecessors he was born in Britain , spoke English as his first language , and never visited Hanover . His life and with it his reign , which were longer than any other British monarch before him , were marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms , much of the rest of Europe , and places farther afield in Africa , the Americas and Asia . Early in his reign , Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years ' War , becoming the dominant European power in North America and India . However , many of Britain 's American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence . Further wars against revolutionary and Napoleonic France from 1793 concluded in the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 . In the later part of his life , George III had recurrent , and eventually permanent , mental illness . Although it has since been suggested that he had the blood disease porphyria , the cause of his illness remains unknown . After a final relapse in 1810 , a regency was established , and George III 's eldest son , George , Prince of Wales , ruled as Prince Regent . On George III 's death , the Prince Regent succeeded his father as George IV . Historical analysis of George III 's life has gone through a `` kaleidoscope of changing views '' that have depended heavily on the prejudices of his biographers and the sources available to them . Until it was reassessed in the second half of the 20th century , his reputation in the United States was one of a tyrant ; and in Britain he became `` the scapegoat for the failure of imperialism '' . |
REFUTES | The Nottingham Forest F.C. is based in Lincolnshire, England. | Nottingham_Forest_F.C. | Nottingham Forest Football Club is a professional association football club based in Nottingham , England . The team play in the Championship , the second tier of English football , having been there since promotion from League One in 2008 . The club , often referred to as Forest , have played home matches at the City Ground since 1898 . Founded in 1865 , Forest were founder members of the Football Alliance in 1889 and joined the Football League in 1892 . Since then , they have mostly competed in the top two League tiers , bar five seasons in the third tier . Forest won the FA Cup in 1898 and 1959 . Their most successful period was under the management of Brian Clough between 1975 and 1993 , winning the League in 1978 and back to back European Cups in the two years after , a feat which has never been equalled , plus four League Cups and two Full Members Cups . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Baadshah was dubbed under the same country. | Khashshab | Khashshab may refer to : Khashshab , Iran Ibn al-Khashshab -LRB- disambiguation -RRB- |
SUPPORTS | A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was elected as president. | A._P._J._Abdul_Kalam | Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam better known as A.P.J. Abdul Kalam -LSB- ˈæbdʊl_kəˈlɑːm -RSB- -LRB- 15 October 1931 -- 27 July 2015 -RRB- was the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007 . A career scientist turned statesman , Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram , Tamil Nadu , and studied physics and aerospace engineering . He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator , mainly at the Defence Research and Development Organisation -LRB- DRDO -RRB- and Indian Space Research Organisation -LRB- ISRO -RRB- and was intimately involved in India 's civilian space programme and military missile development efforts . He thus came to be known as the Missile Man of India for his work on the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology . He also played a pivotal organisational , technical , and political role in India 's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998 , the first since the original nuclear test by India in 1974 . Kalam was elected as the 11th President of India in 2002 with the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress . Widely referred to as the `` People 's President , '' he returned to his civilian life of education , writing and public service after a single term . He was a recipient of several prestigious awards , including the Bharat Ratna , India 's highest civilian honour . While delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong , Kalam collapsed and died from an apparent cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015 , aged 83 . Thousands including national-level dignitaries attended the funeral ceremony held in his hometown of Rameshwaram , where he was buried with full state honours . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Uranium uses the symbol U since 1963. | Uranium | Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92 . It is a silvery-white metal in the actinide series of the periodic table . A uranium atom has 92 protons and 92 electrons , of which 6 are valence electrons . Uranium is weakly radioactive because all its isotopes are unstable -LRB- with half-lives of the six naturally known isotopes , uranium-233 to uranium-238 , varying between 69 years and 4.5 billion years -RRB- . The most common isotopes in natural uranium are uranium-238 -LRB- which has 146 neutrons and accounts for over 99 % -RRB- and uranium-235 -LRB- which has 143 neutrons -RRB- . Uranium has the highest atomic weight of the primordially occurring elements . Its density is about 70 % higher than that of lead , and slightly lower than that of gold or tungsten . It occurs naturally in low concentrations of a few parts per million in soil , rock and water , and is commercially extracted from uranium-bearing minerals such as uraninite . In nature , uranium is found as uranium-238 -LRB- 99.2739 -- 99.2752 % -RRB- , uranium-235 -LRB- 0.7198 -- 0.7202 % -RRB- , and a very small amount of uranium-234 -LRB- 0.0050 -- 0.0059 % -RRB- . Uranium decays slowly by emitting an alpha particle . The half-life of uranium-238 is about 4.47 billion years and that of uranium-235 is 704 million years , making them useful in dating the age of the Earth . Many contemporary uses of uranium exploit its unique nuclear properties . Uranium-235 is the only naturally occurring fissile isotope , which makes it widely used in nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons . However , because of the tiny amounts found in nature , uranium needs to undergo enrichment so that enough uranium-235 is present . Uranium-238 is fissionable by fast neutrons , and is fertile , meaning it can be transmuted to fissile plutonium-239 in a nuclear reactor . Another fissile isotope , uranium-233 , can be produced from natural thorium and is also important in nuclear technology . Uranium-238 has a small probability for spontaneous fission or even induced fission with fast neutrons ; uranium-235 and to a lesser degree uranium-233 have a much higher fission cross-section for slow neutrons . In sufficient concentration , these isotopes maintain a sustained nuclear chain reaction . This generates the heat in nuclear power reactors , and produces the fissile material for nuclear weapons . Depleted uranium -LRB- 238U -RRB- is used in kinetic energy penetrators and armor plating . Uranium is used as a colorant in uranium glass , producing lemon yellow to green colors . Uranium glass fluoresces green in ultraviolet light . It was also used for tinting and shading in early photography . The 1789 discovery of uranium in the mineral pitchblende is credited to Martin Heinrich Klaproth , who named the new element after the planet Uranus . Eugène-Melchior Péligot was the first person to isolate the metal and its radioactive properties were discovered in 1896 by Henri Becquerel . Research by Otto Hahn , Lise Meitner , Enrico Fermi and others , such as J. Robert Oppenheimer starting in 1934 led to its use as a fuel in the nuclear power industry and in Little Boy , the first nuclear weapon used in war . An ensuing arms race during the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union produced tens of thousands of nuclear weapons that used uranium metal and uranium-derived plutonium-239 . The security of those weapons and their fissile material following the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 is an ongoing concern for public health and safety . See Nuclear proliferation . |
SUPPORTS | Touch My Body is a song by Mariah Carey. | Touch_My_Body | `` Touch My Body '' is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey , taken from her eleventh studio album , E = MC ² -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . Carey co-produced the song with Christopher `` Tricky '' Stewart , and they co-wrote it with Crystal `` Cri $ tyle '' Johnson , and Terius `` The Dream '' Nash . `` Touch My Body '' was released as the album 's lead single on February 12 , 2008 . The song 's lyrics feature a double message , with the first describing sexual fantasies with her lover , while also jokingly warning him against recording or releasing information regarding their rendezvous . The song received generally positive reviews from music critics , with many highlighting the song 's light pop melody and hook ; however , it also garnered some backlash from certain music reviewers , who felt the song did not properly represent the singer 's acclaimed 5-octave vocal range . `` Touch My Body '' became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making Carey the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . Throughout Europe , the song also achieved high charting , peaking within the top five on the charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland , and the United Kingdom . Carey performed `` Touch My Body '' on several live televised events and programs , debuting it on Saturday Night Live as a two-piece performance . Similarly , Carey opened the Good Morning America `` Summer Concert Series '' on April 25 , 2008 , singing the song , as well as two other singles from E = MC ² . Similar renditions took place at the season premiere party of The Hills , as well as a mash-up of the song with `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' at the Teen Choice Awards . Aside from reprising performances of the British programs The Sunday Night Project and The Paul O'Grady Show , and German talent show Deutschland sucht den Superstar , the song was included on the set-list of Carey 's North American Angels Advocate Tour , held throughout 2009 and 2010 . The song 's music video was directed by filmmaker Brett Ratner , who had previously worked with Carey on five other music videos . It follows around a story revolving around a computer employee 's fantasy as he visits Carey 's home . As he fixes her computer , he enters a fantasy in which the pair perform several activities together , including pillow fights , laser tag , Guitar Hero , slot cars , and frisbee throwing , all while Carey shows off her figure in several revealing outfits . The music video won in the category of `` Best Comedic Video '' at the 2008 BET Awards , and won the `` MTV Video Vanguard Award '' at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards Japan . Additionally , the video was nominated for `` Best Female Video '' at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards . |
SUPPORTS | SpongeBob SquarePants is media that's been franchised. | SpongeBob_SquarePants | SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon . The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom . The series ' popularity has made it a media franchise , as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon , and the most distributed property of MTV Networks . As of 2015 , the media franchise has generated $ 12 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon . Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled The Intertidal Zone , which Hillenburg created in 1989 . He began developing SpongeBob SquarePants into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life , and turned to Tom Kenny , who had worked with him on that series , to voice the title character . SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy , and the series was to be called SpongeBoy Ahoy ! , but these were both changed , as the name was already trademarked . Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1 , 1999 , following the television airing of the 1999 Kids ' Choice Awards . The series officially premiered on July 17 , 1999 . It has received worldwide critical acclaim since its premiere and gained enormous popularity by its second season . A feature film , The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie , was released in theaters on November 19 , 2004 , and a sequel was released on February 6 , 2015 . On October 15 , 2016 , the series began airing its current tenth season , beginning with the episode `` Whirly Brains '' . In May 2017 , the show was announced to be renewed for a 12th season . The series has won a variety of awards , including six Annie Awards , eight Golden Reel Awards , two Emmy Awards , 12 Kids ' Choice Awards , and two BAFTA Children 's Awards . Despite its widespread popularity , the series has been involved in several public controversies , including one centered on speculation over SpongeBob 's intended sexual orientation , and another focusing on the perceived declining quality of the show 's content since the release of the first film . In 2011 , a newly described species of fungi , Spongiforma squarepantsii , was named after the cartoon 's title character . |
REFUTES | Jonah Hill did not star in 21 Jump Street. | Jonah_Hill | Jonah Hill Feldstein -LRB- born December 20 , 1983 -RRB- , better known as Jonah Hill , is an American actor , producer , screenwriter and comedian . Hill is known for his comedic roles in films such as Accepted -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Grandma 's Boy -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , Superbad -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Knocked Up -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Forgetting Sarah Marshall -LRB- 2008 -RRB- , Get Him to the Greek -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , 21 Jump Street -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , This Is the End -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , 22 Jump Street -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and War Dogs -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , as well as his performances in Moneyball -LRB- 2011 -RRB- and The Wolf of Wall Street -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , for which he received Academy Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor . Hill ranked 28th on Forbes magazine 's ranking of world 's highest paid actors from June 2014 to June 2015 , bringing in $ 16million . As a screenwriter , he contributed to the stories of 21 Jump Street , 22 Jump Street and Sausage Party -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , all of which he also starred in . |
REFUTES | Jonah Hill did not star in 21 Jump Street. | 21_Jump_Street_-LRB-film-RRB- | 21 Jump Street is a 2012 American action comedy film directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller , written by Michael Bacall starring Jonah Hill and Channing Tatum . An adaptation of the 1987-1991 television series of the same name by Stephen J. Cannell and Patrick Hasburgh , set within the same continuity as the TV series ; the film follows two police officers who are forced to relive high school when they are assigned to go undercover as high school students to prevent the outbreak of a new synthetic drug and arrest its supplier . It was released theatrically on March 16 , 2012 , by Columbia Pictures and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and grossed $ 201 million . A sequel , titled 22 Jump Street , was released on June 13 , 2014 . Two further films , MIB 23 -LRB- a crossover with the Men in Black franchise -RRB- and a female-led spin-off , are currently in development . |
REFUTES | Victor Frankenstein is based on contemporary adaptations of Mark Twain's novel. | Victor_Frankenstein_-LRB-film-RRB- | Victor Frankenstein is a 2015 American science fiction fantasy horror film based on contemporary adaptations of Mary Shelley 's 1818 novel Frankenstein . It is directed by Paul McGuigan and written by Max Landis . Starring James McAvoy as Victor Frankenstein and Daniel Radcliffe as Igor , the film was released by 20th Century Fox on November 25 , 2015 . Told from Igor 's perspective , it shows the troubled young assistant 's dark origins and his redemptive friendship with the young medical student , Victor Frankenstein . Through Igor 's eyes , the audience witnesses the emergence of Frankenstein as the man from the legend we know today . Eventually , their experiments get them into trouble with the authorities , and Dr. Frankenstein and Igor become fugitives as they complete their goals to use science as a way to create life from death . The film received generally negative reviews and became a box office bomb , grossing $ 34.2 million against a budget of $ 40 million . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Michael Hutchence died in a bedroom. | Michael_Mandel_-LRB-actor-RRB- | Michael Mandel is an American actor . |
SUPPORTS | Ann Biderman was born on August 15th, 1951. | Ann_Biderman | Ann Biderman -LRB- born August 15 , 1951 -RRB- is an American film and television writer . She is the creator and executive producer of the NBC/TNT series Southland -LRB- 2009 -- 2013 -RRB- , and won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Writing in a Drama Series for an episode of NYPD Blue . She created , wrote , and produced '' Ray Donovan . |
SUPPORTS | South Island has a 32 percent bigger land area than the North Island. | South_Island | The South Island or Te Waipounamu -LRB- Māori -RRB- is the larger of the two major islands of New Zealand , the other being the smaller but more populous North Island . It is bordered to the north by Cook Strait , to the west by the Tasman Sea , and to the south and east by the Pacific Ocean . The South Island covers 150437 km2 and has a temperate climate . It has a 32 percent larger landmass than the North Island so is sometimes referred to as the `` mainland '' of New Zealand , especially by South Island residents , but only 23 percent of New Zealand 's million inhabitants live there . In the early stages of European -LRB- Pākehā -RRB- settlement of the country , the South Island had the majority of the European population and wealth due to the 1860s gold rushes . The North Island population overtook the South in the early 20th century , with 56 percent of the population living in the North in 1911 , and the drift north of people and businesses continued throughout the century . In prose , the two main islands of New Zealand are called the North Island and the South Island , with the definite article . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Ed Decter is a novelist. | Richard_Lee_Byers | Richard Lee Byers is an author of fantasy novels . |
REFUTES | The Indiana Pacers were disbanded in 1967. | Indiana_Pacers | The Indiana Pacers are an American professional basketball team based in Indianapolis . The Pacers compete in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- as a member club of the league 's Eastern Conference Central Division . The Pacers were first established in 1967 as a member of the American Basketball Association -LRB- ABA -RRB- and became a member of the NBA in 1976 as a result of the ABA -- NBA merger . They play their home games at Bankers Life Fieldhouse . The team is named after Indiana 's history with the Indianapolis 500 's pace cars and with the harness racing industry . The Pacers have won three championships , all in the ABA . The Pacers were Eastern Conference champions in 2000 . The team has won nine division titles . Five Hall of Fame players -- Reggie Miller , Chris Mullin , Alex English , Mel Daniels , and Roger Brown -- played with the Pacers for multiple seasons . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Ares is a Senator. | Ares | Ares -LRB- -LSB- ˈɛəriːz -RSB- Ἄρης -LSB- árɛːs -RSB- -RRB- is the Greek god of war . He is one of the Twelve Olympians , and the son of Zeus and Hera . In Greek literature , he often represents the physical or violent and untamed aspect of war , in contrast to his sister the armored Athena , whose functions as a goddess of intelligence include military strategy and generalship . The Greeks were ambivalent toward Ares : although he embodied the physical valor necessary for success in war , he was a dangerous force , `` overwhelming , insatiable in battle , destructive , and man-slaughtering . '' His sons Phobos -LRB- Fear -RRB- and Deimos -LRB- Terror -RRB- and his lover , or sister , Enyo -LRB- Discord -RRB- accompanied him on his war chariot . In the Iliad , his father Zeus tells him that he is the god most hateful to him . An association with Ares endows places and objects with a savage , dangerous , or militarized quality . His value as a war god is placed in doubt : during the Trojan War , Ares was on the losing side , while Athena , often depicted in Greek art as holding Nike -LRB- Victory -RRB- in her hand , favoured the triumphant Greeks . Ares plays a relatively limited role in Greek mythology as represented in literary narratives , though his numerous love affairs and abundant offspring are often alluded to . When Ares does appear in myths , he typically faces humiliation . He is well known as the lover of Aphrodite , the goddess of love , who was married to Hephaestus , god of craftsmanship . The most famous story related to Ares and Aphrodite shows them exposed to ridicule through the wronged husband 's device . The counterpart of Ares among the Roman gods is Mars , who as a father of the Roman people was given a more important and dignified place in ancient Roman religion as a guardian deity . During the Hellenization of Latin literature , the myths of Ares were reinterpreted by Roman writers under the name of Mars . Greek writers under Roman rule also recorded cult practices and beliefs pertaining to Mars under the name of Ares . Thus in the classical tradition of later Western art and literature , the mythology of the two figures becomes virtually indistinguishable . |
SUPPORTS | Multicellular organisms include land plants. | Multicellular_organism | Multicellular organisms are organisms that consist of more than one cell , in contrast to unicellular organisms . All species of animals , land plants and most fungi are multicellular , as are many algae , whereas a few organisms are partially uni - and partially multicellular , like slime molds and social amoebae such as the genus Dictyostelium . Multicellular organisms arise in various different ways , for example by cell division or by aggregation of many single cells . Colonial organisms are the result of many identical individuals joining together to form a colony . However , it can often be hard to separate colonial protists from true multicellular organisms , because the two concepts are not distinct ; colonial protists have been dubbed `` pluricellular '' rather than `` multicellular '' . |
SUPPORTS | The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was demolished at 200 N.W. 5th Street. | Alfred_P._Murrah_Federal_Building | The Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building was a United States federal government complex located at 200 N.W. 5th Street in Downtown Oklahoma City , Oklahoma , United States . It was the target of the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19 , 1995 9:02 am , which killed 168 people , 19 of whom were children under the age of six . Half of the building collapsed seconds after the truck bomb detonated . The remains were imploded a month after the attack , and the Oklahoma City National Memorial was built on the site . |
SUPPORTS | Moscovium is a molecule. | Moscovium | Moscovium is a superheavy synthetic element with symbol Mc and atomic number 115 . It was first synthesized in 2003 by a joint team of Russian and American scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research -LRB- JINR -RRB- in Dubna , Russia . In December 2015 , it was recognized as one of four new elements by the Joint Working Party of international scientific bodies IUPAC and IUPAP . On 28 November 2016 , it was officially named after the Moscow region , which the JINR is situated in . Moscovium is an extremely radioactive element : its most stable known isotope , moscovium-290 , has a half-life of only 0.8 seconds . In the periodic table , it is a p-block transactinide element . It is a member of the 7th period and is placed in group 15 as the heaviest pnictogen , although it has not been confirmed to behave as a heavier homologue of the pnictogen bismuth . Moscovium is calculated to have some properties similar to its lighter homologues , nitrogen , phosphorus , arsenic , antimony , and bismuth , and to be a post-transition metal , although it should also show several major differences from them . About 100 atoms of moscovium have been observed to date , all of which have been shown to have mass numbers from 287 to 290 . |
REFUTES | Trouble with the Curve stars a squid. | Trouble_with_the_Curve | Trouble with the Curve is a 2012 sports-drama film directed by Robert Lorenz , and starring Clint Eastwood , Amy Adams , Justin Timberlake , Matthew Lillard and John Goodman . The film revolves around an aging baseball scout whose daughter joins him on a scouting trip . Filming began in March 2012 , and the film was released on September 21 , 2012 . This was Eastwood 's first acting project since 2008 's Gran Torino and his first acting role in a film he did not direct since his cameo in 1995 's Casper . A year after its release the film became the subject of a plagiarism lawsuit by a producer alleging that his former partner had taken an unfinished script after a dispute and conspired with his agent and Warner Brothers to present it as the work of a relative unknown . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | John S. McCain Jr. registered into the submarine service. | John_Griggs | John Griggs may refer to : John B. Griggs , American World War Two submarine officer John W. Griggs , American politician |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Anthony Scaramucci is a critic. | Anthony_Scaramucci | Anthony Scaramucci -LRB- born January 6 , 1964 -RRB- is an American entrepreneur , financier , political figure , and author . On January 12 , 2017 , President Donald Trump announced his intent to appoint Scaramucci Director of the White House Office of Public Liaison and Intergovernmental Affairs . Scaramucci 's swearing-in was reportedly delayed by an extended review of his finances by the Office of Government Ethics , although the ethics office denied that clearance was necessary before making White House appointments . Ultimately , George Sifakis was appointed instead . Following the 2016 election , Scaramucci served on the Presidential Transition Team Executive Committee . In 2005 , Scaramucci founded global investment firm SkyBridge Capital , serving as co-managing partner before selling the company in early 2017 to take a role in the Trump administration . Scaramucci also previously served as host of a financial television show Wall Street Week and contributor to the Fox News Channel . |
SUPPORTS | Dan Trachtenberg is an American podcast host. | Dan_Trachtenberg | Dan Trachtenberg is an American filmmaker and podcast host . He directed the 2016 film 10 Cloverfield Lane . Trachtenberg was one of three hosts of The Totally Rad Show and a former co-host of Geekdrome . Both programs were hosted at Revision3 . Trachtenberg is also the director of the 2011 short film Portal : No Escape , an episode of Black Mirror entitled `` Playtest '' and the director of various television commercials and public service announcements . |
SUPPORTS | Adobe Photoshop is part of the American company Adobe Systems. | Adobe_Photoshop | Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Systems for macOS and Windows . Photoshop was created in 1988 by Thomas and John Knoll . Since then , it has become the de facto industry standard in raster graphics editing , such that the word `` photoshop '' has become a verb as in `` to Photoshop an image , '' `` photoshopping '' and `` photoshop contest '' , though Adobe discourages such use . It can edit and compose raster images in multiple layers and supports masks , alpha compositing and several color models including RGB , CMYK , CIELAB , spot color and duotone . Photoshop has vast support for graphic file formats but also uses its own PSD and PSB file formats which support all the aforementioned features . In addition to raster graphics , it has limited abilities to edit or render text , vector graphics -LRB- especially through clipping path -RRB- , 3D graphics and video . Photoshop 's feature set can be expanded by Photoshop plug-ins , programs developed and distributed independently of Photoshop that can run inside it and offer new or enhanced features . Photoshop 's naming scheme was initially based on version numbers . However , in October 2002 , following the introduction of Creative Suite branding , each new version of Photoshop was designated with `` CS '' plus a number ; e.g. , the eighth major version of Photoshop was Photoshop CS and the ninth major version was Photoshop CS2 . Photoshop CS3 through CS6 were also distributed in two different editions : Standard and Extended . In June 2013 , with the introduction of Creative Cloud branding , Photoshop 's licensing scheme was changed to that of software as a service rental model and the `` CS '' suffixes were replaced with `` CC '' . Historically , Photoshop was bundled with additional software such as Adobe ImageReady , Adobe Fireworks , Adobe Bridge , Adobe Device Central and Adobe Camera RAW . Alongside Photoshop , Adobe also develops and publishes Photoshop Elements , Photoshop Lightroom , Photoshop Express and Photoshop Touch . Collectively , they are branded as `` The Adobe Photoshop Family '' . It is currently a licensed software . |
SUPPORTS | Adobe Photoshop is part of the American company Adobe Systems. | Adobe_Systems | Adobe Systems Incorporated -LSB- əˈdoʊbiː -RSB- is an American multinational computer software company . The company is headquartered in San Jose , California , United States . Adobe has historically focused upon the creation of multimedia and creativity software products , with a more recent foray towards rich Internet application software development . It is best known for Photoshop , an image editing software , Acrobat Reader , the Portable Document Format -LRB- PDF -RRB- and Adobe Creative Suite , as well as its successor Adobe Creative Cloud . Adobe was founded in December 1982 by John Warnock and Charles Geschke , who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell the PostScript page description language . In 1985 , Apple Computer licensed PostScript for use in its LaserWriter printers , which helped spark the desktop publishing revolution . , Adobe Systems has about 15,000 employees worldwide , about 40 % of whom work in San Jose . Adobe also has major development operations in Newton , Massachusetts ; New York City , New York ; Minneapolis , Minnesota ; Lehi , Utah ; Seattle , Washington ; San Francisco and San Luis Obispo , California in the United States . |
REFUTES | Ekta Kapoor did not produce television series. | Ekta_Kapoor | Ekta Kapoor -LRB- born 7 June 1975 -RRB- is an Indian TV and film producer . She is the Joint Managing Director and Creative Director of Balaji Telefilms , her production company . Kapoor is the daughter of actor Jeetendra and Shobha Kapoor . Her younger brother Tusshar Kapoor is also a Bollywood actor . She did her schooling at Bombay Scottish School , Mahim and attended college at Mithibai College . She has produced numerous soap opera , television series and movies . Some soap operas she had worked on include Hum Paanch , Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi , Kahaani Ghar Ghar Ki , Kasautii Zindagii Kay , Pavitra Rishta , Bade Acche Lagte Hain , and Jodha Akbar . Kapoor has also produced the television series Naagin , Ye Hai Mohabbatein , Kumkum Bhagya , Kavach and Kasam Tere Pyaar Ki . She has also launched her fashion series with EK Label . She ventured into Bollywood movie production in 2001 beginning with Kyo Kii ... Main Jhuth Nahin Bolta , Kucch To Hai and Krishna Cottage based on supernatural themes followed in 2003 and 2004 . Kyaa Kool Hai Hum starred her brother Tusshar Kapoor . She then went on to co-produce Shootout at Lokhandwala with Sanjay Gupta . Mission Istanbul and EMI -- Liya Hai Toh Chukana Padhega in collaboration with Sunil Shetty followed . In 2010 to 2014 she released a number of films including Love Sex aur Dhokha , Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai , and Shor in the City . |
REFUTES | Pocahontas did not become something of a celebrity. | Pocahontas | Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . |
REFUTES | The Vandals moved around Asia exclusively. | Vandals | The Vandals were an East Germanic tribe , or group of tribes , who were first heard of in southern Poland , but later moved around Europe establishing kingdoms in Spain and later North Africa in the 5th century . The Vandals are believed to have migrated from southern Scandinavia to the area between the lower Oder and Vistula rivers during the 2nd century BC and to have settled in Silesia from around 120 BC . They are associated with the Przeworsk culture and were possibly the same people as the Lugii . Expanding into Dacia during the Marcomannic Wars and to Pannonia during the Crisis of the Third Century , the Vandals were confined to Pannonia by the Goths around 330 AD , where they received permission to settle by Constantine the Great . Around 400 , raids by the Huns forced many of the Germanic tribes like the Goths to migrate to the Roman Empire , and fearing that they might be targeted next , the Vandals were pushed westwards crossing the Rhine into Gaul along with other tribes in 406 . In 409 , the Vandals crossed the Pyrenees into the Iberian Peninsula , where their main groups , the Hasdingi and the Silingi , settled in Gallaecia -LRB- northwest -RRB- and Baetica -LRB- south central -RRB- respectively . After the Visigoths invaded Iberia , the Iranian Alans and Silingi Vandals voluntarily subjected to the rule of Hasdingian leader Gunderic , who was pushed from Gallaecia to Baetica by a Roman-Suebi coalition in 419 . In 429 , under king Genseric , the Vandals entered North Africa . By 439 they established a kingdom which included the Roman province of Africa as well as Sicily , Corsica , Sardinia , Malta and the Balearic Islands . They fended off several Roman attempts to recapture the African province , and sacked the city of Rome in 455 . Their kingdom collapsed in the Vandalic War of 533 -- 4 , in which Justinian I managed to reconquer the province for the Eastern Roman Empire . Renaissance and Early Modern writers characterized the Vandals as barbarians , `` sacking and looting '' Rome . This led to the use of the term `` vandalism '' to describe any senseless destruction , particularly the `` barbarian '' defacing of artwork . However , modern historians tend to regard the Vandals during the transitional period from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages as perpetuators , not destroyers , of Roman culture . |
REFUTES | Alex Jones is a novelist. | Alex_Jones_-LRB-radio_host-RRB- | Alexander Emerick Jones -LRB- born February 11 , 1974 -RRB- is an American far-right radio show host , filmmaker , writer , and conspiracy theorist . He hosts The Alex Jones Show from Austin , Texas , which airs on the Genesis Communications Network and shortwave radio station WWCR across the United States and online . His website , InfoWars.com , has been labeled as a fake news website . Jones has been the center of many controversies , including his statements in the wake of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting , about it being staged , adding support to Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting conspiracy theories , and as an argument against gun control . He has accused the U.S. government of being involved in the Oklahoma City bombing , the September 11 attacks and the filming of fake Moon landings to hide NASA 's secret technology . He says that government and big business have colluded to create a New World Order through `` manufactured economic crises , sophisticated surveillance tech and -- above all -- inside-job terror attacks that fuel exploitable hysteria '' . Jones has described himself as a libertarian and paleoconservative , and has been described by others as conservative , right-wing , alt-right , and a pro-Russia propagandist . New York magazine described Jones as `` America 's leading conspiracy theorist '' , and the Southern Poverty Law Center describes him as `` the most prolific conspiracy theorist in contemporary America '' . When asked about these labels , Jones said that he is `` proud to be listed as a thought criminal against Big Brother '' . |
REFUTES | Internet access avoids the use of computer terminals. | Internet_access | Internet access is ability of individuals and organizations to connect to the Internet using computer terminals , computers , mobile devices ; and to access services such as email and the World Wide Web . Various technologies , at a wide range of speeds have been used by Internet service providers -LRB- ISPs -RRB- to provide this service . Internet access was once rare , but has grown rapidly . In 1995 , only .04 percent of the world 's population had access , with well over half of those living in the United States , and consumer use was through dial-up . By the first decade of the 21st century , many consumers in developed nations used faster broadband technology , and by 2014 , 41 percent of the world 's population had access , broadband was almost ubiquitous worldwide , and global average connection speeds exceeded 4 Mbit/s . |
REFUTES | Shut Up is a car. | Shut_Up_-LRB-Stormzy_song-RRB- | `` Shut Up '' is a song by English Grime artist and MC Stormzy . The song was released independently for digital download in the United Kingdom on 11 September 2015 as the B-side to the `` WickedSkengMan 4 '' single . It was produced by XTC and written by Stormzy . `` Shut Up '' was originally released as a freestyle video in May 2015 but gained popularity over the year . The song initially entered at number 59 on the UK Singles Chart in September 2015 , however following a Christmas number one campaign the song rose to number 8 . |
SUPPORTS | Pharmacology is classified as a biomedical science. | Pharmacology | Pharmacology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of drug action , where a drug can be broadly defined as any man-made , natural , or endogenous -LRB- from within body -RRB- molecule which exerts a biochemical or physiological effect on the cell , tissue , organ , or organism -LRB- sometimes the word pharmacon is used as a term to encompass these endogenous and exogenous bioactive species -RRB- . More specifically , it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function . If substances have medicinal properties , they are considered pharmaceuticals . The field encompasses drug composition and properties , synthesis and drug design , molecular and cellular mechanisms , organ/systems mechanisms , signal transduction/cellular communication , molecular diagnostics , interactions , toxicology , chemical biology , therapy , and medical applications and antipathogenic capabilities . The two main areas of pharmacology are pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics . Pharmacodynamics studies the effects of a drug on biological systems , and Pharmacokinetics studies the effects of biological systems on a drug . In broad terms , pharmacodynamics discusses the chemicals with biological receptors , and pharmacokinetics discusses the absorption , distribution , metabolism , and excretion -LRB- ADME -RRB- of chemicals from the biological systems . Pharmacology is not synonymous with pharmacy and the two terms are frequently confused . Pharmacology , a biomedical science , deals with the research , discovery , and characterization of chemicals which show biological effects and the elucidation of cellular and organismal function in relation to these chemicals . In contrast , pharmacy , a health services profession , is concerned with application of the principles learned from pharmacology in its clinical settings ; whether it be in a dispensing or clinical care role . In either field , the primary contrast between the two are their distinctions between direct-patient care , for pharmacy practice , and the science-oriented research field , driven by pharmacology . The origins of clinical pharmacology date back to the Middle Ages in Avicenna 's The Canon of Medicine , Peter of Spain 's Commentary on Isaac , and John of St Amand 's Commentary on the Antedotary of Nicholas . Clinical pharmacology owes much of its foundation to the work of William Withering . Pharmacology as a scientific discipline did not further advance until the mid-19th century amid the great biomedical resurgence of that period . Before the second half of the nineteenth century , the remarkable potency and specificity of the actions of drugs such as morphine , quinine and digitalis were explained vaguely and with reference to extraordinary chemical powers and affinities to certain organs or tissues . The first pharmacology department was set up by Rudolf Buchheim in 1847 , in recognition of the need to understand how therapeutic drugs and poisons produced their effects . Early pharmacologists focused on natural substances , mainly plant extracts . Pharmacology developed in the 19th century as a biomedical science that applied the principles of scientific experimentation to therapeutic contexts . Today pharmacologists use genetics , molecular biology , chemistry , and other advanced tools to transform information about molecular mechanisms and targets into therapies directed against disease , defects or pathogens , and create methods for preventative care , diagnostics , and ultimately personalized medicine . |
SUPPORTS | Bonaire is one of the three BES islands in the Caribbean. | Bonaire | Bonaire -LRB- pronounced -LSB- bɔːˈnɛər -RSB- or -LSB- bɒnˈɛər -RSB- Bonaire , -LSB- boˈnɛːr -RSB- ; Papiamentu : Boneiru -RRB- is an island in the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean Sea . Together with Aruba and Curaçao , it forms the group known as the ABC islands , located less than a hundred miles off the north coast of South America near the western part of Venezuela . Unlike much of the Caribbean region , the ABCs lie outside the hurricane belt . The islands have an arid climate , which helps tourism , as visitors to the islands can reliably expect warm , sunny weather . Bonaire is a popular destination for SCUBA divers , and it is also well known for easy access to its various reefs from the shore . Bonaire 's capital is Kralendijk . The island has a permanent population of 18,905 -LRB- as of 1 January 2015 -RRB- and an area of 294 km2 -LRB- together with nearby uninhabited Klein Bonaire -RRB- . Bonaire was part of the Netherlands Antilles until the country 's dissolution in 2010 , when the island became a special municipality within the country of the Netherlands . It is one of the three BES islands in the Caribbean ; the other two BES islands are Sint Eustatius and Saba . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Bank of America has 4,600 retail financial centers in Wisconsin. | Warren,_Wisconsin | Warren is the name of some places in the U.S. state of Wisconsin : Warren , St. Croix County , Wisconsin Warren , Waushara County , Wisconsin |
REFUTES | Meghan Markle was born in July. | Meghan_Markle | Rachel Meghan Markle -LRB- born August 4 , 1981 -RRB- is an American actress , humanitarian , and activist . She was born and raised in Los Angeles , California . Since 2011 , she has portrayed Rachel Zane on the legal drama series Suits and is also known for her work as FBI special agent Amy Jessup in the sci-fi thriller Fringe . In 2016 , Markle was appointed a Global Ambassador for World Vision Canada , worked with the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women , and was a United Nations Women 's advocate for political participation and leadership . |
REFUTES | Birmingham is in France. | Birmingham | Birmingham -LRB- -LSB- ˈbɜːmɪŋəm -RSB- -RRB- is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands , England . It is the largest and most populous British city outside London , with a population of 1,101,360 in 2014 . A medium-sized market town in the medieval period , Birmingham grew to international prominence in the 18th century at the heart of the Midlands Enlightenment and subsequent Industrial Revolution , which saw the town at the forefront of worldwide advances in science , technology , and economic development , producing a series of innovations that laid many of the foundations of modern industrial society . By 1791 it was being hailed as `` the first manufacturing town in the world '' . Birmingham 's distinctive economic profile , with thousands of small workshops practising a wide variety of specialised and highly skilled trades , encouraged exceptional levels of creativity and innovation and provided a diverse and resilient economic base for industrial prosperity that was to last into the final quarter of the 20th century . Perhaps the most important invention in British history , the industrial steam engine , was invented in Birmingham . Its resulting high level of social mobility also fostered a culture of broad-based political radicalism , that under leaders from Thomas Attwood to Joseph Chamberlain was to give it a political influence unparalleled in Britain outside London , and a pivotal role in the development of British democracy . From the summer of 1940 to the spring of 1943 , Birmingham was bombed heavily by the German Luftwaffe in what is known as the Birmingham Blitz . The damage done to the city 's infrastructure , in addition to a deliberate policy of demolition and new building by planners , led to extensive demolition and redevelopment in subsequent decades . Today Birmingham 's economy is dominated by the service sector . The city is a major international commercial centre , ranked as a gamma + world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network ; and an important transport , retail , events and conference hub . Its metropolitan economy is the second largest in the United Kingdom with a GDP of $ 121.1 bn -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , and its six universities make it the largest centre of higher education in the country outside London . Birmingham 's major cultural institutions -- including the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra , the Birmingham Royal Ballet , the Birmingham Repertory Theatre , the Library of Birmingham and the Barber Institute of Fine Arts -- enjoy international reputations , and the city has vibrant and influential grassroots art , music , literary and culinary scenes . Birmingham is the fourth-most visited city in the UK by foreign visitors . Birmingham 's sporting heritage can be felt worldwide , with the concept of the Football League and lawn tennis both originating from the city . Its most successful football club Aston Villa has won seven league titles and one European Cup with the other professional club being Birmingham City . People from Birmingham are called Brummies , a term derived from the city 's nickname of Brum . This originates from the city 's dialect name , Brummagem , which may in turn have been derived from one of the city 's earlier names , Bromwicham . There is a distinctive Brummie accent and dialect . |
SUPPORTS | Simon Pegg is a producer. | Simon_Pegg | Simon John Pegg -LRB- né Beckingham ; born 14 February 1970 -RRB- is an English actor , comedian , screenwriter , and producer . He co-wrote and starred in the Three Flavours Cornetto trilogy of films : Shaun of the Dead -LRB- 2004 -RRB- , Hot Fuzz -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and The World 's End -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . He and Nick Frost wrote and starred in the sci-fi film Paul -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Pegg portrayed Benji Dunn in the Mission : Impossible film series -LRB- 2006-present -RRB- and Montgomery Scott in Star Trek -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , Star Trek Into Darkness -LRB- 2013 -RRB- , and Star Trek Beyond -LRB- 2016 -RRB- , co-writing the latter . |
REFUTES | Red Bull Racing races under an Austrian bridge. | Red_Bull_Racing | Red Bull Racing is a Formula One racing team , racing under an Austrian licence , based in the United Kingdom . It is one of two Formula One teams owned by beverage company Red Bull GmbH , the other being Scuderia Toro Rosso . The team won four successive Constructors ' Championship titles , in , , , and , becoming the first Austrian licensed team to win the title . The team also produced the quadruple world champion driver of 2010 , 2011 , 2012 , and 2013 , Sebastian Vettel . Managed by Christian Horner , the team has used Renault engines since 2007 . Red Bull Racing then used TAG Heuer-branded Renault engines starting from the season . |
SUPPORTS | Richard Dawson was the host of Family Feud in the 1970s in the United States. | Richard_Dawson | Richard Dawson -LRB- born Colin Lionel Emm ; 20 November 1932 -- 2 June 2012 -RRB- was a British-American actor and comedian , and a game show host and panellist in the United States . Dawson was well known for playing Corporal Peter Newkirk on Hogan 's Heroes , being the original host of the Family Feud game show from 1976 -- 85 , and from 1994 -- 95 , and a regular panellist on the 1970s version of Match Game on CBS from 1973 -- 78 . In 1984 , he became an American citizen while retaining his British citizenship . |
SUPPORTS | Bill Graham Civic Auditorium was designed by American architect John Galen Howard. | Bill_Graham_Civic_Auditorium | The Bill Graham Civic Auditorium -LRB- formerly San Francisco Civic Auditorium -RRB- is a multi-purpose arena in San Francisco , California , named after promoter Bill Graham . The arena holds 7,000 people . It was designed by renowned Bay Area architect John Galen Howard and built in 1915 as part of the Panama -- Pacific International Exposition . The auditorium hosted the 1920 Democratic National Convention , National AAU boxing trials in 1948 , and it was the home of the San Francisco Warriors of the National Basketball Association from 1964 to 1967 . The World Cyber Games 2004 were held in the civic auditorium . In 1992 , the San Francisco Board of Supervisors voted to rename the San Francisco Civic Auditorium after the rock concert impresario Bill Graham , who had died the year before in a helicopter crash . The arena has hosted concerts by many famous artists , spanning many different genres . It is owned by the City of San Francisco and since 2010 has been operated by Another Planet Entertainment , generating about $ 100,000 in leasing revenue for the city annually . |
SUPPORTS | Bill Graham Civic Auditorium was designed by American architect John Galen Howard. | John_Galen_Howard | John Galen Howard -LRB- May 8 , 1864 in Chelmsford , Massachusetts -- July 18 , 1931 in San Francisco , California -RRB- was an American architect who began his career in New York before moving to San Francisco , California . He was the principal architect at Howard , Cauldwell & Morgan and employed Julia Morgan early in her architectural career . Howard was educated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology -LRB- 1882-1885 -RRB- and the École des Beaux-Arts -LRB- 1891-1893 -RRB- . He was an apprentice with H. H. Richardson and then a draftsman with Shepley , Rutan & Coolidge . Howard completed many notable projects and was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Architects in 1901 . |
REFUTES | Dark matter is different from neutrinos. | Dark_matter | Dark matter is a hypothetical type of matter distinct from baryonic matter -LRB- ordinary matter such as protons and neutrons -RRB- , neutrinos and dark energy . The existence of dark matter would explain a number of otherwise puzzling astronomical observations . The name refers to the fact that it does not emit or interact with electromagnetic radiation , such as light , and is thus invisible to the entire electromagnetic spectrum . Although dark matter has not been directly observed , its existence and properties are inferred from its gravitational effects such as the motions of visible matter , gravitational lensing , its influence on the universe 's large-scale structure , on galaxies , and its effects in the cosmic microwave background . The standard model of cosmology indicates that the total mass -- energy of the universe contains 4.9 % ordinary matter , 26.8 % dark matter and 68.3 % dark energy . Thus , dark matter constitutes 84.5 % Since dark energy , by convention , does not count as `` matter '' , this is 26.8 / -LRB- 4.9 + 26.8 -RRB- = 0.845 of total mass , while dark energy plus dark matter constitute 95.1 % of total mass -- energy content . The great majority of ordinary matter in the universe is also unseen , since visible stars and gas inside galaxies and clusters account for less than 10 % of the ordinary matter contribution to the mass-energy density of the universe . The most widely accepted hypothesis on the form for dark matter is that it is composed of weakly interacting massive particles -LRB- WIMPs -RRB- that interact only through gravity and the weak force . The dark matter hypothesis plays a central role in current modeling of cosmic structure formation and galaxy formation and evolution and on explanations of the anisotropies observed in the cosmic microwave background -LRB- CMB -RRB- . All these lines of evidence suggest that galaxies , galaxy clusters , and the universe as a whole contain far more matter than that which is observable via electromagnetic signals . Many experiments to detect proposed dark matter particles through non-gravitational means are under way ; however , no dark matter particle has been conclusively identified . Although the existence of dark matter is generally accepted by most of the astronomical community , a minority of astronomers , motivated by the lack of conclusive identification of dark matter , argue for various modifications of the standard laws of general relativity , such as MOND , TeVeS , and conformal gravity that attempt to account for the observations without invoking additional matter . |
REFUTES | Kevin Costner passed up the opportunity to act in television. | Kevin_Costner | Kevin Michael Costner -LRB- born January 18 , 1955 -RRB- is an American actor , director , producer , and musician . His accolades include two Academy Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , and one Emmy Award . Costner has played Eliot Ness in The Untouchables , Crash Davis in Bull Durham , Ray Kinsella in Field of Dreams , Lt. John J. Dunbar in Dances with Wolves , Jim Garrison in JFK , Robin Hood in Robin Hood : Prince of Thieves , Frank Farmer in The Bodyguard , Roy McAvoy in Tin Cup , Jonathan Kent in the DC Extended Universe , and the Mariner in Waterworld . He directed , produced , and starred in The Postman . In television , Costner won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie , the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Miniseries or Television Film , and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie for his role as Devil Anse Hatfield in Hatfields & McCoys -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . |
SUPPORTS | Bill Graham Civic Auditorium was built in 1915. | Bill_Graham_Civic_Auditorium | The Bill Graham Civic Auditorium -LRB- formerly San Francisco Civic Auditorium -RRB- is a multi-purpose arena in San Francisco , California , named after promoter Bill Graham . The arena holds 7,000 people . It was designed by renowned Bay Area architect John Galen Howard and built in 1915 as part of the Panama -- Pacific International Exposition . The auditorium hosted the 1920 Democratic National Convention , National AAU boxing trials in 1948 , and it was the home of the San Francisco Warriors of the National Basketball Association from 1964 to 1967 . The World Cyber Games 2004 were held in the civic auditorium . In 1992 , the San Francisco Board of Supervisors voted to rename the San Francisco Civic Auditorium after the rock concert impresario Bill Graham , who had died the year before in a helicopter crash . The arena has hosted concerts by many famous artists , spanning many different genres . It is owned by the City of San Francisco and since 2010 has been operated by Another Planet Entertainment , generating about $ 100,000 in leasing revenue for the city annually . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Ned Stark was barely nominated for an award. | Ned_Stark | Eddard `` Ned '' Stark is a fictional character in the first book of George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels and the first season of its television adaptation . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Ned is the honorable lord of Winterfell , an ancient fortress in the North of the fictional continent of Westeros . Though the character is established as a primary character in the novel and the TV adaptation , Martin 's plot twist at the end involving Ned shocked both readers of the book and viewers of the TV series . Ned is portrayed by Sean Bean in the first season of HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , and as a child and young man by Sebastian Croft and Robert Aramayo respectively in the sixth season . Bean was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television and a Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor for the role . He and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2011 . |
REFUTES | Nero's death sparked a brief period of civil wars in Russia. | Nero | Nero -LRB- -LSB- ˈnɪəroʊ -RSB- Latin : Nerō Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ; 15 December 37 AD -- 9 June 68 AD -RRB- was Roman Emperor from 54 to 68 AD , and the last in the Julio-Claudian dynasty . Nero was adopted by his great-uncle Claudius to become his heir and successor , and like him , became emperor with the consent of the praetorian guard . Nero 's mother , Agrippina the Younger , was implicated in Claudius ' death and Nero 's nomination as emperor . She dominated Nero 's early life and decisions until he cast her off ; five years into his reign , he had her murdered . His reign began well . At first he was content to be guided by his mother , his tutor Lucius Annaeus Seneca and his Praetorian Prefect , Sextus Afranius Burrus . As time passed , he played a more active and independent role in government and foreign policy . During his reign , the redoubtable general Corbulo conducted a successful war and negotiated peace with the Parthian Empire . His general Suetonius Paulinus crushed a major revolt in Britain . The Bosporan Kingdom was briefly annexed to the empire , and the First Jewish -- Roman War began . Nero focused much of his attention on diplomacy , trade and the cultural life of the empire , ordering theatres built and promoting athletic games . He made public appearances as a poet , musician and charioteer ; in the eyes of traditionalists , this undermined the dignity and authority of his person , status and office . His extravagant , empire-wide program of public and private works was funded by a rise in taxes , much resented by the middle and upper classes . Various plots against his life were revealed , and their ringleaders were executed ; most were Nero 's own courtiers . In 68 , the governor Vindex in Gaul rebelled , with the support of Galba , Governor of Hispania Tarraconensis . Vindex 's revolt failed in its immediate aim but Rome 's discontented civil and military authorities declared for Galba , and chose him as emperor . Nero fled Rome . He committed suicide on June 9 , 68 AD when told that he had been tried in absentia and condemned to death as a public enemy -LRB- The first Roman Emperor to do so -RRB- . His death ended the Julio-Claudian dynasty , sparking a brief period of civil wars known as the Year of the Four Emperors . Nero 's rule is usually associated with tyranny and extravagance ; his more infamous executions include that of his mother . Most Roman sources , such as Suetonius and Cassius Dio , offer overwhelmingly negative assessments of his personality and reign ; Tacitus claims that the Roman people thought him compulsive and corrupt . Many Romans believed that the great Roman fire of 64 was instigated by Nero to clear the way for his planned palatial complex , the Domus Aurea . He was said to have seized Christians as scapegoats for the fire and burned them alive , seemingly motivated not by public justice but by personal cruelty . Some modern historians question the reliability of the ancient sources on Nero 's tyrannical acts . A few sources paint Nero in a more favourable light . There is evidence of his popularity among the Roman commoners , especially in the eastern provinces of the Empire , where a popular legend arose that Nero had not died and would return . At least three leaders of short-lived , failed rebellions presented themselves as `` Nero reborn '' , to enlist popular support . |
REFUTES | Nero's death sparked a brief period of civil wars in Russia. | Year_of_the_Four_Emperors | The Year of the Four Emperors was a year in the history of the Roman Empire , AD 69 , in which four emperors ruled in succession : Galba , Otho , Vitellius , and Vespasian . The suicide of the emperor Nero in 68 was followed by a brief period of civil war , the first Roman civil war since Mark Antony 's death in 30 BC . Between June of 68 and December of 69 Galba , Otho , and Vitellius successively rose and fell before the July 69 accession of Vespasian , who founded Flavian dynasty . The social , military and political upheavals of the period had Empire-wide repercussions , which included the outbreak of the Revolt of the Batavi . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Baloch people speak a branch which has existed since Jeanne d'Arc. | Balochi_language | Balochi -LRB- -LSB- بلؤچی , links = no -RSB- -RRB- is a Northwestern Iranian language . It is the principal language of the Baloch people . |
SUPPORTS | Pocahontas was alive during the 16th and/or 17th centuries. | Pocahontas | Pocahontas -LRB- born Matoaka , known as Amonute , 1596 -- 1617 -RRB- was a Native American woman notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown , Virginia . Pocahontas was the daughter of Powhatan , the paramount chief of a network of tributary tribal nations in the Tsenacommacah , encompassing the Tidewater region of Virginia . In a well-known historical anecdote , she is said to have saved the life of a captive of the Native Americans , the Englishman John Smith , in 1607 by placing her head upon his own when her father raised his war club to execute him . Some historians have suggested that this story , as told by Smith , is untrue . Pocahontas was captured by the English during Anglo-Indian hostilities in 1613 , and held for ransom . During her captivity , she converted to Christianity and took the name Rebecca . When the opportunity arose for her to return to her people , she chose to remain with the English . In April 1614 , she married tobacco planter John Rolfe , and in January 1615 , bore their son , Thomas Rolfe . In 1616 , the Rolfes traveled to London . Pocahontas was presented to English society as an example of the `` civilized savage '' in hopes of stimulating investment in the Jamestown settlement . She became something of a celebrity , was elegantly fêted , and attended a masque at Whitehall Palace . In 1617 , the Rolfes set sail for Virginia , but Pocahontas died at Gravesend of unknown causes . She was buried in a church in Gravesend in the United Kingdom , but the exact location of her grave is unknown . Numerous places , landmarks , and products in the United States have been named after Pocahontas . Her story has been romanticized over the years , and she is a subject of art , literature , and film . Many famous people have claimed to be among her descendants through her son Thomas , including members of the First Families of Virginia , First Lady Edith Wilson , American Western actor Glenn Strange , and astronomer Percival Lowell . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Night of the Living Dead is the highest grossing film in 1987. | Night_of_the_Living_Dead | Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American independent horror film , directed by George A. Romero , starring Duane Jones and Judith O'Dea . It was completed on a $ 114,000 budget and premiered October 1 , 1968 . The film became a financial success , grossing $ 12 million domestically and $ 18 million internationally . It has been a cult classic ever since . Night of the Living Dead was heavily criticized at its release for its explicit gore . It eventually garnered critical acclaim and has been selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry , as a film deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . The story follows characters Ben -LRB- Jones -RRB- , Barbra -LRB- O'Dea -RRB- , and five others trapped in a rural farmhouse in Western Pennsylvania , which is attacked by a large and growing group of unnamed `` living dead '' monsters drawing on earlier depictions in popular culture of the ghoul , which has led this type of creature to be referred to most popularly as a zombie . This is the most easily recognized version of the living dead , to the point where people gather in mass quantities for conventions dressed as zombies , complete with makeup and prosthetic limbs . Night of the Living Dead led to five subsequent films between 1978 and 2010 , also directed by Romero , and inspired two remakes ; the most well-known remake was released in 1990 , directed by Tom Savini . |
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