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REFUTES | Charles Howard Hinton was born in 1975. | Charles_Howard_Hinton | Charles Howard Hinton -LRB- 1853 , United Kingdom -- 30 April 1907 , Washington D.C. , United States -RRB- was a British mathematician and writer of science fiction works titled Scientific Romances . He was interested in higher dimensions , particularly the fourth dimension . He is known for coining the word `` tesseract '' and for his work on methods of visualising the geometry of higher dimensions . |
REFUTES | Sausage Party is a computer-animated steak. | Sausage_Party | Sausage Party is a 2016 adult computer-animated comedy film directed by Greg Tiernan and Conrad Vernon and written by Kyle Hunter , Ariel Shaffir , Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg . It stars the voices of Seth Rogen , Kristen Wiig , Jonah Hill , Bill Hader , Michael Cera , James Franco , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Paul Rudd , Nick Kroll , David Krumholtz , Edward Norton , and Salma Hayek . It is the first CGI-animated film to be rated R by the MPAA . A spoof of Disney and Pixar films , it follows a sausage who tries to discover the truth about his existence and goes on a journey with his friends to escape their fate . The film 's rough cut premiered on March 14 , 2016 at South by Southwest and the film was theatrically released in the United States and Canada on August 12 , 2016 by Columbia Pictures . The film received positive reviews from critics and grossed more than $ 140 million . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Yin and yang show a balance between demons. | Yin_and_yang | In Chinese philosophy , yin and yang -LRB- also yin -- yang or yin yang , yīnyáng `` dark -- bright '' -RRB- describe how seemingly opposite or contrary forces may actually be complementary , interconnected , and interdependent in the natural world , and how they may give rise to each other as they interrelate to one another . Many tangible dualities -LRB- such as light and dark , fire and water , expanding and contracting -RRB- are thought of as physical manifestations of the duality symbolized by yin and yang . This duality lies at the origins of many branches of classical Chinese science and philosophy , as well as being a primary guideline of traditional Chinese medicine , and a central principle of different forms of Chinese martial arts and exercise , such as baguazhang , taijiquan -LRB- t ` ai chi -RRB- , and qigong -LRB- Chi Kung -RRB- , as well as appearing in the pages of the I Ching . Duality is found in many belief systems , but Yin and Yang are parts of a Oneness that is also equated with the Tao . A term has been coined dualistic-monism or dialectical monism . Yin and yang can be thought of as complementary -LRB- rather than opposing -RRB- forces that interact to form a dynamic system in which the whole is greater than the assembled parts . Everything has both yin and yang aspects -LRB- for instance , shadow can not exist without light -RRB- . Either of the two major aspects may manifest more strongly in a particular object , depending on the criterion of the observation . The yin yang -LRB- i.e. taijitu symbol -RRB- shows a balance between two opposites with a portion of the opposite element in each section . In Taoist metaphysics , distinctions between good and bad , along with other dichotomous moral judgments , are perceptual , not real ; so , the duality of yin and yang is an indivisible whole . In the ethics of Confucianism on the other hand , most notably in the philosophy of Dong Zhongshu -LRB- 2nd century BC -RRB- , a moral dimension is attached to the idea of yin and yang . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Sejong the Great was born in May in Brazil. | Taejong_of_Joseon | Taejong of Joseon -LRB- 13 June 1367 -- 30 May 1422 -RRB- was the third king of the Joseon dynasty in Korea and the father of King Sejong the Great . |
SUPPORTS | Google Search displays movie showtimes. | Google_Search | Google Search , commonly referred to as Google Web Search or simply Google , is a web search engine developed by Google . It is the most-used search engine on the World Wide Web , handling more than three billion searches each day . , it is the most used search engine in the US with 64.0 % market share . The order of search on Google 's search-results pages is based , in part , on a priority rank called a `` PageRank '' . Google Search provides many different options for customized search , using Boolean operators such as exclusion -LRB- '' - xx '' -RRB- , alternatives -LRB- `` xx OR yy OR zz '' -RRB- , and wildcards -LRB- `` Winston * Churchill '' returns `` Winston Churchill '' , `` Winston Spencer Churchill '' , etc. -RRB- . The same and other options can be specified in a different way on an Advanced Search page . The main purpose of Google Search is to hunt for text in publicly accessible documents offered by web servers , as opposed to other data , such as images or data contained in databases . It was originally developed by Larry Page and Sergey Brin in 1997 . Google Search provides several features beyond searching for words . These include synonyms , weather forecasts , time zones , stock quotes , maps , earthquake data , movie showtimes , airports , home listings , and sports scores . There are special features for numbers , dates , and some specific forms , including ranges , prices , temperatures , money and measurement unit conversions , calculations , package tracking , patents , area codes , and language translation . In June 2011 Google introduced `` Google Voice Search '' to search for spoken , rather than typed , words . In May 2012 Google introduced a Knowledge Graph semantic search feature in the U.S. Analysis of the frequency of search terms may indicate economic , social and health trends . Data about the frequency of use of search terms on Google can be openly inquired via Google Trends and have been shown to correlate with flu outbreaks and unemployment levels , and provide the information faster than traditional reporting methods and surveys . As of mid-2016 , Google 's search engine has begun to rely on these deep neural networks . In October 2016 , Gary Illyes , a webmaster trends analyst with Google , announced that the search engine will be making a new , primary web index dedicated for mobile , with a secondary , less up-to-date index for desktop use . The change is a response from the continued growth in mobile , and a push for web developers to adopt a mobile-friendly version of their websites . Illyes stated the change will happen in `` months '' . Competitors of Google include Baidu and Soso.com in China ; Naver.com and Daum.net in South Korea ; Yandex in Russia ; Seznam.cz in the Czech Republic ; Yahoo in Japan , Taiwan and the US , as well as Bing and DuckDuckGo . Some smaller search engines offer facilities not available with Google , e.g. not storing any private or tracking information ; one such search engine is Ixquick . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | The Republic of China and the People's Republic of China claim to be the official Facebook page of China. | 1951_in_China | Events in the year 1951 in the People 's Republic of China . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Henry III assumed the throne when his father died. | Henry_III_of_France | Henry III -LRB- 19 September 1551 -- 2 August 1589 ; born Alexandre Édouard de France , Henryk Walezy , Henrikas Valua -RRB- was a monarch of the House of Valois who was elected the monarch of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1573 to 1575 and ruled as King of France from 1574 until his death . He was the last French monarch of the Valois dynasty . As the fourth son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de ' Medici , Henry was not expected to assume the throne of France . He was thus a good candidate for the vacant Commonwealth throne , and he was elected with the dual titles King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania . Henry 's rule over the Commonwealth was brief , but notable . The Henrician Articles he signed into law accepting the Commonwealth throne established Poland as an elective monarchy subject to free election by the Polish nobility . Of his three older brothers , two would live long enough to ascend the French throne , but both died young and without a legitimate male heir . He abandoned Commonwealth upon receiving word that he had inherited the throne of France at the age of 22 . The kingdom of France was at the time plagued by the Wars of Religion , and Henry 's authority was undermined by violent political parties funded by foreign powers : the Catholic League -LRB- supported by Spain -RRB- , the Protestant Huguenots -LRB- supported by England and the Dutch -RRB- and the Malcontents , led by Henry 's own brother , the Duke of Alençon , which was a party of Catholic and Protestant aristocrats who jointly opposed the absolutist ambitions of the king . Henry III was himself a politique , arguing that a strong and religiously tolerant monarchy would save France from collapse . After the death of Henry 's younger brother Francis , Duke of Anjou , and when it became apparent that Henry would not produce an heir , the Wars of Religion grew into a succession crisis that resulted in a war known as the War of the Three Henrys . Henry III 's legitimate heir was his distant cousin Henry , King of Navarre , a Protestant . The Catholic League , led by Henry I , Duke of Guise , sought to exclude Protestants from the succession and championed the Catholic Charles , Cardinal of Bourbon , as Henry III 's heir . In 1589 , Jacques Clément , a Catholic fanatic , murdered Henry III , who was succeeded by the King of Navarre who , as Henry IV , would assume the throne of France after converting to Catholicism , and become the first French king of the House of Bourbon . |
SUPPORTS | Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is a former basketball player. | Kareem_Abdul-Jabbar | Kareem Abdul-Jabbar -LRB- born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr. ; April 16 , 1947 -RRB- is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers . During his career as a center , Abdul-Jabbar was a record six-time NBA Most Valuable Player -LRB- MVP -RRB- , a record 19-time NBA All-Star , a 15-time All-NBA selection , and an 11-time NBA All-Defensive Team member . A member of six NBA championship teams as a player and two as an assistant coach , Abdul-Jabbar twice was voted NBA Finals MVP . In 1996 , he was honored as one of the 50 Greatest Players in NBA History . NBA coach Pat Riley and players Isiah Thomas and Julius Erving have called him the greatest basketball player of all time . After winning 71 consecutive basketball games on his high school team in New York City , Alcindor attended college at UCLA , where he played for coach John Wooden on three consecutive national championship basketball teams and was a record three-time MVP of the NCAA Tournament . Drafted by the one-season-old Bucks franchise in the 1969 NBA draft with the first overall pick , Alcindor spent six seasons in Milwaukee . After winning his first NBA championship in 1971 , he adopted the Muslim name Kareem Abdul-Jabbar at age 24 . Using his trademark `` skyhook '' shot , he established himself as one of the league 's top scorers . In 1975 , he was traded to the Lakers , with whom he played the last 14 seasons of his career and won five additional NBA championships . Abdul-Jabbar 's contributions were a key component in the `` Showtime '' era of Lakers basketball . Over his 20-year NBA career his team succeeded in making the playoffs 18 times and past the 1st round in 14 of them ; his team reached the NBA Finals 10 times . At the time of his retirement in 1989 , Abdul-Jabbar was the NBA 's all-time leader in points scored -LRB- 38,387 -RRB- , games played -LRB- 1,560 -RRB- , minutes played -LRB- 57,446 -RRB- , field goals made -LRB- 15,837 -RRB- , field goal attempts -LRB- 28,307 -RRB- , blocked shots -LRB- 3,189 -RRB- , defensive rebounds -LRB- 9,394 -RRB- , career wins -LRB- 1,074 -RRB- , and personal fouls -LRB- 4,657 -RRB- . He remains the all-time leading scorer in the NBA , and player with most career wins . He is ranked 3rd all-time in both rebounds and blocks . In 2007 , ESPN voted him the greatest center of all time , in 2008 , they named him the `` greatest player in college basketball history '' , and in 2016 , they named him the second best player in NBA history -LRB- behind Michael Jordan -RRB- . Abdul-Jabbar has also been an actor , a basketball coach , and a best-selling author . In 2012 , he was selected by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton to be a U.S. global cultural ambassador . In 2016 , he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama . |
REFUTES | Brian De Palma is exclusively British. | Brian_De_Palma | Brian Russell De Palma -LRB- born September 11 , 1940 -RRB- is an American film director and screenwriter . He is considered part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking . In a career spanning over 50 years , he is best known for his suspense , psychological thriller , and crime films . He directed successful and popular films such as the supernatural horror Carrie , the erotic crime thriller Dressed to Kill , the thriller Blow Out , the crime dramas Scarface , The Untouchables , and Carlito 's Way , and the action spy film Mission : Impossible . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Touch My Body is a 2008 music video. | Touch_My_Body | `` Touch My Body '' is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey , taken from her eleventh studio album , E = MC ² -LRB- 2008 -RRB- . Carey co-produced the song with Christopher `` Tricky '' Stewart , and they co-wrote it with Crystal `` Cri $ tyle '' Johnson , and Terius `` The Dream '' Nash . `` Touch My Body '' was released as the album 's lead single on February 12 , 2008 . The song 's lyrics feature a double message , with the first describing sexual fantasies with her lover , while also jokingly warning him against recording or releasing information regarding their rendezvous . The song received generally positive reviews from music critics , with many highlighting the song 's light pop melody and hook ; however , it also garnered some backlash from certain music reviewers , who felt the song did not properly represent the singer 's acclaimed 5-octave vocal range . `` Touch My Body '' became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making Carey the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . Throughout Europe , the song also achieved high charting , peaking within the top five on the charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland , and the United Kingdom . Carey performed `` Touch My Body '' on several live televised events and programs , debuting it on Saturday Night Live as a two-piece performance . Similarly , Carey opened the Good Morning America `` Summer Concert Series '' on April 25 , 2008 , singing the song , as well as two other singles from E = MC ² . Similar renditions took place at the season premiere party of The Hills , as well as a mash-up of the song with `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' at the Teen Choice Awards . Aside from reprising performances of the British programs The Sunday Night Project and The Paul O'Grady Show , and German talent show Deutschland sucht den Superstar , the song was included on the set-list of Carey 's North American Angels Advocate Tour , held throughout 2009 and 2010 . The song 's music video was directed by filmmaker Brett Ratner , who had previously worked with Carey on five other music videos . It follows around a story revolving around a computer employee 's fantasy as he visits Carey 's home . As he fixes her computer , he enters a fantasy in which the pair perform several activities together , including pillow fights , laser tag , Guitar Hero , slot cars , and frisbee throwing , all while Carey shows off her figure in several revealing outfits . The music video won in the category of `` Best Comedic Video '' at the 2008 BET Awards , and won the `` MTV Video Vanguard Award '' at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards Japan . Additionally , the video was nominated for `` Best Female Video '' at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Dulquer Salmaan is a conjoined twin. | Durtal | Durtal is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France . It is around 32 km north-east of Angers the department capital . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Probot played rock. | Probot | Probot was a heavy metal side project of ex-Nirvana drummer and Foo Fighters rhythm guitarist and lead-singer Dave Grohl . Described by Grohl as `` a death metal Supernatural '' , the album mixes instrumentals recorded by Grohl himself with various metal singers which the musician admired . The album was released in February 2004 by Southern Lord Records . It featured one single entitled `` Centuries of Sin '' / `` The Emerald Law '' . |
SUPPORTS | Anxiety has been linked with physical symptoms such as IBS. | Anxiety | Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil , often accompanied by nervous behavior , such as pacing back and forth , somatic complaints , and rumination . It is the subjectively unpleasant feelings of dread over anticipated events , such as the feeling of imminent death . Anxiety is not the same as fear , which is a response to a real or perceived immediate threat , whereas anxiety is the expectation of future threat . Anxiety is a feeling of uneasiness and worry , usually generalized and unfocused as an overreaction to a situation that is only subjectively seen as menacing . It is often accompanied by muscular tension , restlessness , fatigue and problems in concentration . Anxiety can be appropriate , but when experienced regularly the individual may suffer from an anxiety disorder . People facing anxiety may withdraw from situations which have provoked anxiety in the past . There are various types of anxiety . Existential anxiety can occur when a person faces angst , an existential crisis , or nihilistic feelings . People can also face mathematical anxiety , somatic anxiety , stage fright , or test anxiety . Social anxiety and stranger anxiety are caused when people are apprehensive around strangers or other people in general . Furthermore , anxiety has been linked with physical symptoms such as IBS and can heighten other mental health illnesses such as OCD and panic disorder . The first step in the management of a person with anxiety symptoms is to evaluate the possible presence of an underlying medical cause , whose recognition is essential in order to decide its correct treatment . Anxiety symptoms may be masking an organic disease , or appear associated or as a result of a medical disorder . Anxiety can be either a short term `` state '' or a long term `` trait '' . Whereas trait anxiety represents worrying about future events , anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by feelings of anxiety and fear . Anxiety disorders are partly genetic but may also be due to drug use , including alcohol , caffeine , and benzodiazepines -LRB- which are often prescribed to treat anxiety -RRB- , as well as withdrawal from drugs of abuse . They often occur with other mental disorders , particularly bipolar disorder , eating disorders , major depressive disorder , or certain personality disorders . Common treatment options include lifestyle changes , medication , and therapy . |
REFUTES | Northwestern University is a private university in Michigan. | Northwestern_University | Northwestern University -LRB- NU -RRB- is a private research university based in Evanston , Illinois , with campuses in Chicago , Illinois , and Doha , Qatar , and academic programs/facilities in Washington , D.C. , and San Francisco , California . Composed of twelve schools and colleges , Northwestern offers 124 undergraduate degrees and 145 graduate and professional degrees . It is considered one of the most prestigious universities in the United States , notably in social sciences where it ranks 11th worldwide . Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans , for whom the City of Evanston is named , and eight other lawyers , businessmen and Methodist leaders . Its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory , an area that today includes the states of Ohio , Indiana , Illinois , Michigan , Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota . Instruction began in 1855 ; women were admitted in 1869 . Today , the main campus is a 240 acre parcel in Evanston , along the shores of Lake Michigan 12 miles north of downtown Chicago . The university 's law , medical , and professional schools are located on a 25 acre campus in Chicago 's Streeterville neighborhood . In 2008 , the university opened a campus in Education City , Doha , Qatar with programs in journalism and communication . In 2016 , Northwestern opened its San Francisco space at 44 Montgomery St. , which hosts journalism , engineering , and marketing programs . Northwestern is a large research university with a comprehensive doctoral program and it attracts over $ 650 million in sponsored research each year . Northwestern has the tenth largest university endowment in the United States , currently valued at $ 9.6 billion . In 2017 , the university accepted 9.0 % of undergraduate applicants from a pool of 37,255 . Northwestern is a founding member of the Big Ten Conference and remains the only private university in the conference . The Northwestern Wildcats compete in 19 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA 's Division I Big Ten Conference . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Agent Raghav – Crime Branch received money. | Agent_Raghav_–_Crime_Branch | Agent Raghav -- Crime Branch is an Indian crime fiction anthology television series , which premiered on & TV from 5 September 2015 to 10 April 2016 for one hour at Saturday and Sunday nights . The series was produced by Contiloe Entertainment of Abhimanyu Singh and starred Sharad Kelkar in the eponymous role of Agent Raghav Sinha , along with Aahana Kumra , Deepali Pansare , Danish Pandor , Jason Tham and Mahesh Manjrekar , the latter appeared in a recurring role . The serial received Indian Telly Awards in the category of Best Thriller and Horror Show and was also nominated for Best Weekend Show . The show is said to be inspired from the American police drama/mystery television series , '' The Mentalist . |
REFUTES | Backing vocalists cannot ever sing. | Backing_vocalist | Backing vocalists are singers who provide vocal harmony with the lead vocalist or other backing vocalists . In some cases , a backing singer may sing alone as a lead-in to the main vocalist 's entry or to sing a counter-melody . Backing vocalists are used in a broad range of popular music , traditional music and world music styles . Solo artists may employ professional backing vocalists in studio recording sessions as well as during concerts . In many rock and metal bands -LRB- e.g. , the power trio -RRB- , the musicians doing backup vocals also play instruments , such as guitar , electric bass , drums , or keyboards . In Latin or Afro-Cuban groups , backup singers may play percussion instruments or shakers while singing . In some pop and hip-hop groups and in musical theater , the backup singers may be required to perform elaborately choreographed dance routines while they sing through headset microphones . The style of singing used by backup singers varies according to the type of song and the genre of music the band plays . In pop and country songs , backup vocalists may perform vocal harmony parts to support the lead vocalist . In hardcore punk or rockabilly , other band members who play instruments may sing or shout backup vocals during the chorus -LRB- refrain -RRB- section of the songs . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Scream 2 is a classic slasher film. | Scream_-LRB-franchise-RRB- | Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven . Starring Neve Campbell , Courteney Cox , and David Arquette , the film series grossed over $ 604 million in worldwide box-office receipts and consists of four motion pictures directed by Craven . The first series entry , Scream , was released on December 20 , 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States . The second entry Scream 2 was released on December 12 , 1997 followed by a third installment , Scream 3 , released February 4 , 2000 . Eleven years after the previous film , Scream 4 was released on April 15 , 2011 . The films follow Sidney Prescott , and her war against a succession of murderers who adopt the guise of Ghostface to stalk and torment their victims . Sidney receives support in the films from town deputy Dewey Riley , reporter Gale Weathers , and film-geek Randy Meeks . A tv spin off of the series was released by MTV on June 30 , 2015 . The series follows different characters and new storylines , not connected to the film series . Williamson 's original script was bought by Miramax and developed under the Dimension Films label by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , who recruited Craven to direct , who in turn recruited composer Marco Beltrami to score the film . This team went on to be involved in each film in the series though Williamson was forced to take a smaller role for Scream 3 , writing only a brief plot outline due to his commitments to other projects , with Ehren Kruger replacing him as screenwriter . The series ' violence resulted in conflicts with the Motion Picture Association of America and news media concerning censorship resulting in a reduction of violence and gore in Scream 3 when the Columbine High School massacre brought increased focus on the media 's influence on society . Scream became notable for its use of established and recognizable actors which was uncommon for horror films at the time , yet has since become common in part due to Scream 's success . The series , particularly the first two films , has received significant critical acclaim . Scream has been credited with revitalizing the horror genre in the late 90s by combining a traditional slasher film with humor , awareness of horror film cliché and a clever plot . Scream was one of the highest-grossing films of 1996 and became , and remains , the highest grossing slasher film in the world . Its success was matched by Scream 2 which not only broke box-office records of the time , but was also argued by some critics to actually be superior to the original . Scream 3 fared worse than its predecessors , both critically and financially , with critics commenting that it had become the type of horror film it originally parodied in Scream . It did , however , receive some positive response , with claims that it was the perfect end to the trilogy . The film series has been the recipient of several awards including a Saturn Award for Best Actress and MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance for Campbell and Best Horror Film for Scream . |
REFUTES | SummerSlam was a thing. | SummerSlam_-LRB-2015-RRB- | SummerSlam -LRB- 2015 -RRB- was a professional wrestling pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- event produced by WWE . It took place on August 23 , 2015 , at Barclays Center in Brooklyn , New York . The twenty-eighth event under the SummerSlam chronology , this was the first since 2008 to be held outside of Los Angeles as Staples Center was the exclusive home for SummerSlam from 2009 to 2014 , and the eighth SummerSlam to be held in the New York metropolitan area . The Izod Center was originally supposed to host SummerSlam , but due to its closure in April 2015 , the event was moved to Barclays Center . The event was the first in the SummerSlam chronology to be four hours in length , a length previously reserved only for WrestleMania . The event was the second night of what was billed as a `` triple-header '' at Barclays Center , with NXT TakeOver : Brooklyn having taken place the previous night , and Raw the following night . Ten matches were contested at the event , with no pre-show . In the main event , The Undertaker defeated Brock Lesnar in controversial fashion ; Lesnar put Undertaker in his Kimura lock and the timekeeper rang the bell after seeing the Undertaker supposedly indicating submission , but since the referee had n't seen a submission and never stopped the match , the match continued . The confusion allowed Undertaker to surprise Lesnar with a low blow before trapping him in the Hell 's Gate submission hold , during which Lesnar passed out to give Undertaker the win . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Johann Wolfgang von Goethe published The Bible. | Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe | Johann Wolfgang von Goethe -LRB- -LSB- ˈgɜːrtə -RSB- -LSB- ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfɡaŋ fɔn ˈɡøːtə -RSB- ; 28 August 1749 -- 22 March 1832 -RRB- was a German writer and statesman . His works include epic and lyric poetry ; prose and verse dramas ; memoirs ; an autobiography ; literary and aesthetic criticism ; treatises on botany , anatomy , and colour ; and four novels . In addition , numerous literary and scientific fragments , more than 10,000 letters , and nearly 3,000 drawings by him exist . A literary celebrity by the age of 25 , Goethe was ennobled by the Duke of Saxe-Weimar , Carl August in 1782 after taking up residence there in November 1775 following the success of his first novel , The Sorrows of Young Werther . He was an early participant in the Sturm und Drang literary movement . During his first ten years in Weimar , Goethe was a member of the Duke 's privy council , sat on the war and highway commissions , oversaw the reopening of silver mines in nearby Ilmenau , and implemented a series of administrative reforms at the University of Jena . He also contributed to the planning of Weimar 's botanical park and the rebuilding of its Ducal Palace , which in 1998 were together designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site . His first major scientific work , the Metamorphosis of Plants , was published after he returned from a 1788 tour of Italy . In 1791 , he was made managing director of the theatre at Weimar , and in 1794 he began a friendship with the dramatist , historian , and philosopher Friedrich Schiller , whose plays he premiered until Schiller 's death in 1805 . During this period , Goethe published his second novel , Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship , the verse epic Hermann and Dorothea , and , in 1808 , the first part of his most celebrated drama , Faust . His conversations and various common undertakings throughout the 1790s with Schiller , Johann Gottlieb Fichte , Johann Gottfried Herder , Alexander von Humboldt , Wilhelm von Humboldt , and August and Friedrich Schlegel have , in later years , been collectively termed Weimar Classicism . Arthur Schopenhauer cited Wilhelm Meister 's Apprenticeship as one of the four greatest novels ever written , along with Tristram Shandy , La Nouvelle Héloïse , and Don Quixote , and Ralph Waldo Emerson selected Goethe as one of six `` representative men '' in his work of the same name , along with Plato , Emanuel Swedenborg , Michel de Montaigne , Napoleon , and William Shakespeare . Goethe 's comments and observations form the basis of several biographical works , most notably Johann Peter Eckermann 's Conversations with Goethe . |
SUPPORTS | ASAP Rocky is a music video director. | ASAP_Rocky | Rakim Mayers -LRB- born October 3 , 1988 -RRB- , better known by his stage name ASAP Rocky -LRB- stylized as A$ AP Rocky -RRB- , is an American rapper , record producer , director , actor and model from the Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan , New York . He is a member of the hip hop group A$ AP Mob , from which he adopted his moniker . Rocky released his debut mixtape Live . Love . A$ AP , in 2011 to critical acclaim . The success of his mixtape led to a record deal with Polo Grounds Music , RCA Records , and Sony Music Entertainment . He subsequently recorded his 2013 debut album Long . Live . A$ AP , which was also well received by critics and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . In 2015 , Rocky released his second studio album titled At . Long . Last . A$ AP . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , making it Rocky 's second consecutive album to debut at number one and has received critical acclaim from music critics . Rocky has also directed music videos for himself , Danny Brown and other A$ AP Mob members . He is also a noted record producer , producing under the pseudonym Lord Flacko . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Doxycycline may cause headaches. | Doxycycline | Doxycycline is an antibiotic that is used in the treatment of a number of types of infections caused by bacteria and protozoa . It is useful for bacterial pneumonia , acne , chlamydia infections , early Lyme disease , cholera and syphilis . It is also useful for the treatment of malaria when used with quinine and for the prevention of malaria . Doxycycline can be used either by mouth or intravenously . Common side effects include diarrhea , nausea , vomiting , a red rash , and an increased risk of a sunburn . If used during pregnancy or in young children may result in permanent problems with the teeth including changes in their color . Its use during breastfeeding is probably safe . Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the tetracycline class . Like other agents of this class it kills bacteria and protozoa by inhibiting protein production . Doxycycline was patented in 1957 and came into commercial use in 1967 . It is on the World Health Organization 's List of Essential Medicines , the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . Doxycycline is available as a generic medicine and is generally inexpensive . The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 0.01 and 0.04 USD per pill . In the United States 10 days of treatment is about 14 USD , however some in 2014 were selling it for more than 3.00 to 10.00 USD per pill . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Zoey Deutch is an American actress, who started her career in the 1990s. | Keira_Lucchesi | Keira Lucchesi is a Scottish Actress . |
SUPPORTS | Salman Rushdie was the writer of a novel published in 1981. | Salman_Rushdie | Ahmed Salman Rushdie , FRSL -LRB- -LSB- sælˈmɑːn_ˈrʊʃdi -RSB- अहमद सलमान रुशदी , ; born 19 June 1947 -RRB- is a British Indian novelist and essayist . His second novel , Midnight 's Children -LRB- 1981 -RRB- , won the Booker Prize in 1981 and was deemed to be `` the best novel of all winners '' on two separate occasions , marking the 25th and the 40th anniversary of the prize . Much of his fiction is set on the Indian subcontinent . He combines magical realism with historical fiction ; his work is concerned with the many connections , disruptions , and migrations between Eastern and Western civilizations . His epic fourth novel , The Satanic Verses -LRB- 1988 -RRB- , was the subject of a major controversy , provoking protests from Muslims in several countries . Death threats were made against him , including a fatwā calling for his assassination issued by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini , the Supreme Leader of Iran , on 14 February 1989 . The British government put Rushdie under police protection . In 1983 Rushdie was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Literature , the UK 's senior literary organisation . He was appointed Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres of France in January 1999 . In June 2007 , Queen Elizabeth II knighted him for his services to literature . In 2008 , The Times ranked him thirteenth on its list of the 50 greatest British writers since 1945 . Since 2000 , Rushdie has lived in the United States . He was named Distinguished Writer in Residence at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute of New York University in 2015 . Earlier , he taught at Emory University . He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Letters . In 2012 , he published Joseph Anton : A Memoir , an account of his life in the wake of the controversy over The Satanic Verses . Rushdie was strongly favoured to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature but the Nobel organisers were later quoted as saying that they would have been `` too predictable , too popular . '' |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Boeing 787 Dreamliner was originally called by another name. | Boeing_787_Dreamliner | The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . |
SUPPORTS | L. Ron Hubbard spent the remaining years of his life on his ranch the "Whispering Wind." | L._Ron_Hubbard | Lafayette Ronald Hubbard -LRB- March 13 , 1911 -- January 24 , 1986 -RRB- , better known as L. Ron Hubbard -LRB- -LSB- ɛl_rɒn_ˈhʌˌbərd -RSB- -RRB- and often referred to by his initials , LRH , was an American author and the founder of the Church of Scientology . In 2014 , Hubbard was cited by the Smithsonian magazine as one of the 100 most significant Americans of all time , as one of the eleven religious figures on that list . After establishing a career as a writer , becoming best known for his science fiction and fantasy stories , he developed a system called Dianetics which was first expounded in book form in May 1950 . He subsequently developed his ideas into a wide-ranging set of doctrines and practices as part of a new religious movement that he called Scientology . His writings became the guiding texts for the Church of Scientology and a number of affiliated organizations that address such diverse topics as business administration , literacy and drug rehabilitation . The Church 's dissemination of these materials led to Hubbard being listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the most translated and published author in the world . The Guinness World Record for the most audio books published for one author is also held by Hubbard . Although many aspects of Hubbard 's life story are disputed , there is general agreement about its basic outline . Born in Tilden , Nebraska , he spent much of his childhood in Helena , Montana . He traveled in Asia and the South Pacific in the late 1920s after his father , an officer in the United States Navy , was posted to the U.S. naval base on Guam . He attended George Washington University in Washington , D.C. at the start of the 1930s , before dropping out and beginning his career as a prolific writer of pulp fiction stories . He served briefly in the United States Marine Corps Reserve and was an officer in the United States Navy during World War II , briefly commanding two ships , the USS YP-422 and USS PC-815 . He was removed both times when his superiors found him incapable of command . The last few months of his active service were spent in a hospital , being treated for a duodenal ulcer . After the war , Hubbard developed a philosophy he called Dianetics , which he called `` the modern science of mental health '' . He founded Scientology in 1952 and oversaw the growth of the Church of Scientology into a worldwide organization . During the late 1960s and early 1970s , he spent much of his time at sea on his personal fleet of ships as `` Commodore '' of the Sea Organization , an elite inner group of Scientologists . His expedition came to an end when Britain , Greece , Spain , Portugal , and Venezuela all closed their ports to his fleet . At one point , a court in Australia revoked the Church 's status as a religion , though it was later reinstated . Hubbard returned to the United States in 1975 and went into seclusion in the California desert . In 1978 , a trial court in France convicted Hubbard of fraud in absentia . Others convictions from the same trial were reversed on appeal , but Hubbard died before the court considered his case . In 1983 L. Ron Hubbard was named as an unindicted co-conspirator in an international information infiltration and theft project called `` Operation Snow White '' . He spent the remaining years of his life on his ranch , the `` Whispering Wind , '' near Creston , California , where he died in 1986 . A small group of Scientology officials and physician Dr. Eugene Denk attended to him before his death , for a number of ailments including chronic pancreatitis . In 1986 , he died at age 74 in a 1982 Blue Bird motor home , which was situated on his property . The Church of Scientology describes Hubbard in hagiographic terms , and he portrayed himself as a pioneering explorer , world traveler , and nuclear physicist with expertise in a wide range of disciplines , including photography , art , poetry , and philosophy . In Scientology publications , he is referred to as `` Founder '' and `` Source '' of Scientology and Dianetics . His critics , including his own son Ronald DeWolf , have characterized him as a liar , a charlatan , and mentally unstable , though DeWolf later repudiated those statements . Though many of Hubbard 's autobiographical statements have been found to be fictitious , the Church rejects any suggestion that its account of Hubbard 's life is not historical fact . |
SUPPORTS | Pulmonary embolism is inferred by low blood oxygen levels. | Pulmonary_embolism | Pulmonary embolism -LRB- PE -RRB- is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a substance that has traveled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream -LRB- embolism -RRB- . Symptoms of a PE may include shortness of breath , chest pain particularly upon breathing in , and coughing up blood . Symptoms of a blood clot in the leg may also be present such as a red , warm , swollen , and painful leg . Signs of a PE include low blood oxygen levels , rapid breathing , rapid heart rate , and sometimes a mild fever . Severe cases can lead to passing out , abnormally low blood pressure , and sudden death . PE usually results from a blood clot in the leg that travels to the lung . The risk of blood clots is increased by cancer , prolonged bed rest , smoking , stroke , certain genetic conditions , estrogen-based medication , pregnancy , obesity , and after some types of surgery . A small proportion of cases are due to the embolization of air , fat , or amniotic fluid . Diagnosis is based on signs and symptoms in combination with test results . If the risk is low a blood test known as a D-dimer will rule out the condition . Otherwise a CT pulmonary angiography , lung ventilation/perfusion scan , or ultrasound of the legs may confirm the diagnosis . Together deep vein thrombosis and PE are known as venous thromboembolism -LRB- VTE -RRB- . Efforts to prevent PE include beginning to move as soon as possible after surgery , lower leg exercises during periods of sitting , and the use of blood thinners after some types of surgery . Treatment is typically with blood thinners such as heparin or warfarin . Often these are recommended for six months or longer . Severe cases may require thrombolysis using medication such as tissue plasminogen activator -LRB- tPA -RRB- , or may require surgery such as a pulmonary thrombectomy . If blood thinners are not appropriate , a vena cava filter may be used . Pulmonary emboli affect about 430,000 people each year in Europe . In the United States between 300,000 and 600,000 cases occur each year , which results in between 50,000 and 200,000 deaths . Rates are similar in males and females . They become more common as people get older . |
SUPPORTS | Jack Dylan Grazer is a child actor, who is an American. | Jack_Dylan_Grazer | Jack Dylan Grazer -LRB- born September 3 , 2003 -RRB- is an American child actor and was born in Los Angeles , California to parents Angela Lafever and Gavin Grazer . His role as Eddie Kaspbrak in Stephen King 's feature film It marks Grazer 's first studio picture . |
REFUTES | See You on the Other Side had nothing to do with the production team of The Matrix. | See_You_on_the_Other_Side_-LRB-Korn_album-RRB- | See You on the Other Side is the seventh studio album by Korn . It was released on December 6 , 2005 , by Virgin Records . It is their first album without long-time guitarist Brian `` Head '' Welch and the last album with original drummer David Silveria . The album was first certified gold in the United States on January 12 , 2006 ; a subsequent platinum record certification was awarded on March 16 , 2006 . The album is best known for the involvement of renowned production team ` The Matrix ' , best known for coproduction on works by Avril Lavigne , Britney Spears , and Shakira , who managed to give Korn 's music a different sound . The album features layout design and an original painting by the American surrealist / gothic painter David Stoupakis as a cover , eleven more paintings by the artist appear for the additional artwork and the deluxe special edition . |
SUPPORTS | Night of the Living Dead had George A. Romero as its director in the beginning. | Night_of_the_Living_Dead | Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American independent horror film , directed by George A. Romero , starring Duane Jones and Judith O'Dea . It was completed on a $ 114,000 budget and premiered October 1 , 1968 . The film became a financial success , grossing $ 12 million domestically and $ 18 million internationally . It has been a cult classic ever since . Night of the Living Dead was heavily criticized at its release for its explicit gore . It eventually garnered critical acclaim and has been selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry , as a film deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . The story follows characters Ben -LRB- Jones -RRB- , Barbra -LRB- O'Dea -RRB- , and five others trapped in a rural farmhouse in Western Pennsylvania , which is attacked by a large and growing group of unnamed `` living dead '' monsters drawing on earlier depictions in popular culture of the ghoul , which has led this type of creature to be referred to most popularly as a zombie . This is the most easily recognized version of the living dead , to the point where people gather in mass quantities for conventions dressed as zombies , complete with makeup and prosthetic limbs . Night of the Living Dead led to five subsequent films between 1978 and 2010 , also directed by Romero , and inspired two remakes ; the most well-known remake was released in 1990 , directed by Tom Savini . |
REFUTES | Elizabeth Olsen refuses to act. | Elizabeth_Olsen | Elizabeth Chase `` Lizzie '' Olsen -LRB- born February 16 , 1989 -RRB- is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the films Silent House -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Liberal Arts -LRB- 2012 -RRB- , Godzilla -LRB- 2014 -RRB- , Avengers : Age of Ultron -LRB- 2015 -RRB- and Captain America : Civil War -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . For her role in the critically acclaimed Martha Marcy May Marlene -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , she was nominated for numerous awards including the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead . She is the younger sister of actresses and fashion designers Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen . |
REFUTES | Elizabeth Olsen refuses to act. | Godzilla_-LRB-2014_film-RRB- | Godzilla is a 2014 American monster film directed by Gareth Edwards and a reboot of Toho 's Godzilla franchise . It is the 30th film in the Godzilla franchise , the first film in Legendary 's MonsterVerse , and the second Godzilla film to be completely produced by a Hollywood studio , the first being the 1998 film of the same name . It stars Aaron Taylor-Johnson , Ken Watanabe , Elizabeth Olsen , Juliette Binoche , Sally Hawkins , David Strathairn , and Bryan Cranston . The film is a co-production between Legendary Pictures and Warner Bros. . Pictures , with the latter also distributing the film worldwide , except in Japan where it was distributed by Toho . The project initially began in 2004 and was originally intended to be an IMAX short film but was later transferred to Legendary for development as a feature film . Principal photography took place in the United States and Canada in 2013 . Godzilla was released worldwide in 2D , 3D and IMAX on May 16 , 2014 to generally positive reviews and was a box office success , grossing $ 200 million domestically and $ 529.1 million worldwide . The film 's success prompted Toho to produce a reboot of its own and Legendary to proceed with sequels and a shared cinematic franchise , with Godzilla : King of the Monsters set to be released in 2019 and Godzilla vs. Kong to be released in 2020 . |
REFUTES | Elizabeth Olsen refuses to act. | Liberal_Arts_-LRB-film-RRB- | Liberal Arts is a 2012 American comedy-drama film . The second film directed by , written by , and starring Josh Radnor , it tells the story of 35-year-old Jesse -LRB- Radnor -RRB- who has a romantic relationship with Zibby -LRB- Elizabeth Olsen -RRB- , a 19-year-old college student . The film premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival in January 2012 . |
REFUTES | Elizabeth Olsen refuses to act. | Martha_Marcy_May_Marlene | Martha Marcy May Marlene is a 2011 American thriller drama film written and directed by Sean Durkin , and starring Elizabeth Olsen , John Hawkes , Sarah Paulson , and Hugh Dancy . The plot focuses on a young woman suffering from delusions and paranoia after returning to her family from an abusive cult in the Catskill Mountains . The film contains several references to the music of Jackson C. Frank . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Keegan-Michael Key played President Barack Obama's daughter. | Jackson_Heywood | Jackson Heywood is an Australian actor . He is perhaps most notable for his role as Brody Morgan on the long-running Seven Network soap opera Home and Away . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Deepika Padukone has received criticism. | Deepak_Prasad | Deepak Sunil Prasadh is an Indian film director and writer . |
SUPPORTS | The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic was a republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. | Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic | The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic -LRB- Latvian SSR ; Latvijas Padomju Sociālistiskā Republika Латвийская Советская Социалистическая Республика , Latviyskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika -RRB- , also known as Soviet Latvia or Latvia , was a republic of the Soviet Union . It was established on 21 July 1940 , during World War II , as a Soviet puppet state in the territory of the previously independent Republic of Latvia after it had been occupied on June 17 , 1940 by the Soviet Army , in conformity with the terms of the 23 August 1939 Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact . Following the Welles Declaration of July 23 , 1940 , the annexation of Latvia into the Soviet Union -LRB- USSR -RRB- on 5 August 1940 was not recognized as legitimate by the United States , the European Community , and recognition of it as the nominal fifteenth constituent republic of the USSR was withheld for five decades . Its territory was subsequently conquered by Nazi Germany in June -- July 1941 , before being retaken by the Soviets in 1944 -- 1945 . Nevertheless , Latvia continued to exist as an de jure independent country with a number of countries continued to recognize Latvian diplomats and consuls who still functioned in the name of their former governments . Soviet rule came to the end during the dissolution of the Soviet Union . The first freely elected parliament of the Latvian SSR passed a declaration `` On the Renewal of the Independence of the Republic of Latvia '' on May 4 , 1990 , restoring the official name of the State of Latvia as the Republic of Latvia . and restoring its former state symbols - flag and anthem . The full independence of the Republic of Latvia was restored on 21 August 1991 , during the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt and fully recognized by the Soviet Union on 6 September 1991 . |
SUPPORTS | The Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic was a republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. | Soviet_Union | The Soviet Union -LRB- -LSB- Сове́тский Сою́з , r = Sovetskiy Soyuz -RSB- -LSB- sɐ ` vʲetskʲɪj sɐˈjʉs -RSB- -RRB- , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics -LRB- USSR ; Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик , -LSB- sɐˈjus sɐˈvʲɛtskʲɪx sətsɨəlʲɪsˈtʲitɕɪskʲɪx rʲɪˈspublʲɪk -RSB- -RRB- , also known unofficially as Russia -LRB- -LSB- Росси́я , Rossiya , rɐˈsʲijə -RSB- -RRB- , was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991 . Nominally a union of multiple equal national Soviet republics , its government and economy were highly centralized in a state that was unitary in most respects . The country was a one-party federation , governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital . The Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917 , when the Bolsheviks , led by Vladimir Lenin , overthrew the Russian Provisional Government which had replaced Tsar Nicholas II . In 1922 , the Soviet Union was formed with the unification of the Russian , Transcaucasian , Ukrainian , and Byelorussian republics . Following Lenin 's death in 1924 and a brief power struggle , Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s . Stalin committed the state 's ideology to Marxism -- Leninism -LRB- which he created -RRB- , and initiated a centrally planned economy . As a result , the country underwent a period of rapid industrialization and collectivization . Political paranoia was also fomented around Stalin , and the Great Purge was carried out to remove his opponents from the Communist Party through arbitrary arrests and persecutions of many people . Shortly before World War II , Stalin signed the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact agreeing to non-aggression with Nazi Germany , after which the two countries invaded Poland in September 1939 . In June 1941 , Germany invaded the Soviet Union , opening the largest and bloodiest theater of war in history . Soviet war casualties accounted for the highest proportion of the conflict in the effort of acquiring the upper hand over Axis forces at intense battles such as Stalingrad . The territories overtaken by the Red Army became satellite states of the USSR . The Cold War emerged by 1947 as the Eastern Bloc which united under the Warsaw Pact in 1955 confronted the Western states which united under NATO in 1949 . Following Stalin 's death in 1953 , a period of political and economic liberalization , known as `` de-Stalinization '' and `` Khrushchev 's Thaw '' , occurred under the leadership of Nikita Khrushchev . The Soviet Union took an early lead in the Space Race , with the first artificial satellite and the first human spaceflight . In the 1970s , there was a brief détente of relations with the United States , but tensions resumed with the Soviet -- Afghan War in 1979 . In the mid-1980s , the last Soviet leader , Mikhail Gorbachev , sought to reform and liberalize the economy through his policies of glasnost and perestroika . The Cold War ended during his tenure , and in 1989 , Soviet satellite states in Eastern Europe overthrew their respective communist governments . This led to the rise of strong nationalist and separatist movements inside the USSR as well . The government initiated a referendum , boycotted by some Soviet republics , which resulted in the majority of participating citizens voting in favor of preserving the union as a renewed federation . In August 1991 , an abortive coup d'état was attempted by Communist Party hardliners . The Russian President Boris Yeltsin played a high-profile role in facing down the coup . On 25 December 1991 , Gorbachev resigned and the remaining twelve constituent republics emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as independent post-Soviet states . The Russian Federation -- formerly the Russian SFSR -- assumed the Soviet Union 's rights and obligations and is recognized as the primary legal successor of the Soviet Union . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | The Romani people have music. | Romani_diaspora | The Roma people have a number of distinct populations , the largest being the Roma and the Iberian Calé or Caló , who reached Anatolia and the Balkans about the early 12th century , from a migration out of northwestern India beginning about 600 years earlier . They settled in present-day Turkey , Greece , Serbia , Romania , Moldova , Bulgaria , Macedonia , Hungary and Slovakia , by order of volume , and Spain . From the Balkans , they migrated throughout Europe and , in the nineteenth and later centuries , to the Americas . The Romani population in the United States is estimated at more than one million . There is no official or reliable count of the Romani populations worldwide . Many Romani refuse to register their ethnic identity in official censuses for fear of discrimination . Others are descendants of intermarriage with local populations and no longer identify only as Romani , or not at all . As of the early 2000s , an estimated 4 to 9 million Romani people lived in Europe and Asia Minor . although some Romani organizations estimate numbers as high as 14 million . Significant Romani populations are found in the Balkan peninsula , in some Central European states , in Spain , France , Russia , and Ukraine . The total number of Romani living outside Europe are primarily in the Middle East and North Africa and in the Americas , and are estimated in total at more than two million . Some countries do not collect data by ethnicity . The Romani people identify as distinct ethnicities based in part on territorial , cultural and dialectal differences , and self-designation . The main branches are : Roma , concentrated in Central and Eastern Europe and Italy , they emigrated -LRB- mostly from the 19th century onwards -RRB- to the rest of Europe , as well as the Americas ; Iberian Kale , mostly in Spain -LRB- see Romani people in Spain -RRB- , but also in Portugal -LRB- see Romani people in Portugal -RRB- , Southern France and Latin America ; Finnish Kale , in Finland , emigrated also in Sweden ; Welsh Kale , in Wales and the British Isles ; Romanichal , in the United Kingdom , some emigrated also to the United States , Canada and Australia ; Sinti , in German-speaking areas of Europe and some neighboring countries ; Manush , in French-speaking areas of Europe -LRB- in French : Manouche -RRB- ; and Romanisæl , in Norway and Sweden . The Romani have additional internal distinctions , with groups identified as Bashaldé ; Churari ; Luri ; Ungaritza ; Lovari -LRB- Lovara -RRB- from Hungary ; Machvaya -LRB- Machavaya , Machwaya , or Macwaia -RRB- from Serbia ; Romungro from Hungary and neighbouring Carpathian countries ; Erlides -LRB- also Yerlii or Arli -RRB- ; Xoraxai -LRB- Horahane -RRB- from Greece/Turkey ; Boyash -LRB- Lingurari , Ludar , Ludari , Rudari , or Zlătari -RRB- from Romanian/Moldovan miners ; Ursari from Romanian/Moldovan bear-trainers ; Argintari from silversmiths ; Aurari from goldsmiths ; Florari from florists ; and Lăutari from singers . |
REFUTES | The Monster is only a song by an German rapper. | The_Monster_-LRB-song-RRB- | `` The Monster '' is a song by American rapper Eminem , featuring guest vocals from Barbadian singer Rihanna , taken from Eminem 's album The Marshall Mathers LP 2 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . The song was written by Eminem , Jon Bellion , and Bebe Rexha , with production handled by Frequency . `` The Monster '' marks the fourth collaboration between Eminem and Rihanna , following `` Love the Way You Lie '' , its sequel `` Love the Way You Lie -LRB- Part II -RRB- '' -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and `` Numb '' -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . `` The Monster '' was released on October 29 , 2013 , as the fourth single from the album . The song 's lyrics present Rihanna coming to grips with her inner demons , while Eminem ponders the negative effects of his fame . Upon release the song was met with positive reviews from music critics , who compared the song to `` Love the Way You Lie '' . `` The Monster '' has successfully charted worldwide , topping the charts in twelve countries including Australia , Canada , France , Ireland , New Zealand , Switzerland , the United Kingdom and the United States ' Billboard Hot 100 . It also marks Eminem 's first number one on the US Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart and has reached the top ten in Austria , Belgium , Italy and Spain . The song 's accompanying music video was directed by the American filmmaker Rich Lee , the video depicts Rihanna as Eminem 's therapist in a session , as previous videos from his career are shown and referenced including `` Mockingbird '' , `` My Name Is '' , `` Lose Yourself '' , `` 3 a.m. '' , `` The Way I Am '' and the 2001 Grammy Awards performance of `` Stan '' with Elton John . The video was well received and was nominated for several awards . Eminem and Rihanna performed the song live at the 2014 MTV Movie Awards . |
REFUTES | Temple of the Dog toured in 1906. | Temple_of_the_Dog | Temple of the Dog was an American rock band that formed in Seattle , Washington in 1990 . It was conceived by vocalist Chris Cornell of Soundgarden as a tribute to his friend , the late Andrew Wood , lead singer of the bands Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone . The line-up includes Stone Gossard on rhythm guitar , Jeff Ament on bass guitar -LRB- both ex-members of Mother Love Bone -RRB- , Mike McCready on lead guitar , and Matt Cameron on drums . Eddie Vedder appeared as a guest to provide some lead and backing vocals . The band released its only album , the self-titled Temple of the Dog , in April 1991 through A&M Records . The recording sessions took place in November and December 1990 at London Bridge Studios , in Seattle , Washington with producer Rakesh `` Rick '' Parashar . Although earning praise from music critics at the time of its release , the album was not widely recognized until 1992 , when Vedder , Ament , Gossard , and McCready had their breakthrough with Pearl Jam . The band toured in 2016 in celebration of the 25th anniversary of their self-titled album . |
REFUTES | Elizabeth I was the son of Anne Boleyn. | Elizabeth_I_of_England | Elizabeth I -LRB- 7 September 1533 -- 24 March 1603 -RRB- was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death . Sometimes called The Virgin Queen , Gloriana or Good Queen Bess , the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty . Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn , his second wife , who was executed two-and-a-half years after Elizabeth 's birth . Anne 's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled , and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate . Her half-brother , Edward VI , ruled until his death in 1553 , bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters , Elizabeth and the Roman Catholic Mary , in spite of statute law to the contrary . Edward 's will was set aside and Mary became queen , deposing Lady Jane Grey . During Mary 's reign , Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels . In 1558 , Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel . She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers , led by William Cecil , 1st Baron Burghley . One of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church , of which she became the Supreme Governor . This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England . It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line . She never did , despite numerous courtships . As she grew older , Elizabeth became famous for her virginity . A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits , pageants , and literature of the day . In government , Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been . One of her mottoes was `` video et taceo '' -LRB- `` I see but say nothing '' -RRB- . In religion , she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution . After the pope declared her illegitimate in 1570 and released her subjects from obedience to her , several conspiracies threatened her life , all of which were defeated with the help of her ministers ' secret service . Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs , manoeuvring between the major powers of France and Spain . She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective , poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands , France , and Ireland . By the mid-1580s , England could no longer avoid war with Spain . England 's defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history . Elizabeth 's reign is known as the Elizabethan era . The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama , led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe , and for the seafaring prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake . Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered , sometimes indecisive ruler , who enjoyed more than her share of luck . Towards the end of her reign , a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity . Elizabeth is acknowledged as a charismatic performer and a dogged survivor in an era when government was ramshackle and limited , and when monarchs in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that jeopardised their thrones . Such was the case with Elizabeth 's rival , Mary , Queen of Scots , whom she imprisoned in 1568 and had executed in 1587 . After the short reigns of Elizabeth 's half-siblings , her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Kate Walsh was on the Netflix series 13 Reasons Why for two seasons. | The_Americans_-LRB-season_3-RRB- | The third season of the American television drama series The Americans , consisting of 13 episodes , premiered on FX on January 28 , 2015 , and concluded on April 22 , 2015 . The series was renewed for the third season on April 16 , 2014 . |
REFUTES | The Cyclades are an R&B music group. | Cyclades | The Cyclades -LRB- -LSB- ˈsɪklədiːz -RSB- Κυκλάδες , -LSB- cikˈlaðes -RSB- -RRB- are an island group in the Aegean Sea , southeast of mainland Greece and a former administrative prefecture of Greece . They are one of the island groups which constitute the Aegean archipelago . The name refers to the islands around the sacred island of Delos . The largest island of the Cyclades is Naxos . |
REFUTES | The Cyclades are an R&B music group. | Naxos | Naxos -LRB- -LSB- ˈnæksɒs -RSB- Greek : Νάξος , -LSB- ˈnaksos -RSB- -RRB- is a Greek island -- at 429 km2 the largest of the Cyclades island group in the Aegean . It was the centre of archaic Cycladic culture . The island is famous as a source of emery , a rock rich in corundum , which until modern time was one of the best abrasives available . The largest town and capital of the island is Chora or Naxos City , with 6,533 inhabitants -LRB- 2001 census -RRB- . The main villages are Filoti , Apiranthos , Vivlos , Agios Arsenios , Koronos and Glinado . |
REFUTES | The Hunger Games film series' first film was produced by Gary Ross. | The_Hunger_Games_-LRB-film_series-RRB- | The Hunger Games film series consists of four science fiction dystopian adventure films based on The Hunger Games trilogy of novels , by the American author Suzanne Collins . Distributed by Lionsgate and produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik , it stars Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss Everdeen , Josh Hutcherson as Peeta Mellark , Woody Harrelson as Haymitch Abernathy , Elizabeth Banks as Effie Trinket , Philip Seymour Hoffman as Plutarch Heavensbee , Stanley Tucci as Caesar Flickerman , Donald Sutherland as President Snow and Liam Hemsworth as Gale Hawthorne . Gary Ross directed the first film , while Francis Lawrence directed the next three films . The first three films set records at the box office . The Hunger Games -LRB- 2012 -RRB- set records for the opening day and the biggest opening weekend for a non-sequel film . The Hunger Games : Catching Fire -LRB- 2013 -RRB- set the record for biggest opening weekend in the month of November . The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 1 -LRB- 2014 -RRB- had the largest opening day and weekend of 2014 . The films , including The Hunger Games : Mockingjay -- Part 2 -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , received a positive reception from critics , with praise aimed at its themes and messages , as well as Jennifer Lawrence 's portrayal of the main protagonist , Katniss Everdeen . The Hunger Games is the 16th highest-grossing film franchise of all time , having grossed over US$ 2.9 billion worldwide . |
SUPPORTS | A. P. J. Abdul Kalam was elected as President of India. | A._P._J._Abdul_Kalam | Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam better known as A.P.J. Abdul Kalam -LSB- ˈæbdʊl_kəˈlɑːm -RSB- -LRB- 15 October 1931 -- 27 July 2015 -RRB- was the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007 . A career scientist turned statesman , Kalam was born and raised in Rameswaram , Tamil Nadu , and studied physics and aerospace engineering . He spent the next four decades as a scientist and science administrator , mainly at the Defence Research and Development Organisation -LRB- DRDO -RRB- and Indian Space Research Organisation -LRB- ISRO -RRB- and was intimately involved in India 's civilian space programme and military missile development efforts . He thus came to be known as the Missile Man of India for his work on the development of ballistic missile and launch vehicle technology . He also played a pivotal organisational , technical , and political role in India 's Pokhran-II nuclear tests in 1998 , the first since the original nuclear test by India in 1974 . Kalam was elected as the 11th President of India in 2002 with the support of both the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party and the then-opposition Indian National Congress . Widely referred to as the `` People 's President , '' he returned to his civilian life of education , writing and public service after a single term . He was a recipient of several prestigious awards , including the Bharat Ratna , India 's highest civilian honour . While delivering a lecture at the Indian Institute of Management Shillong , Kalam collapsed and died from an apparent cardiac arrest on 27 July 2015 , aged 83 . Thousands including national-level dignitaries attended the funeral ceremony held in his hometown of Rameshwaram , where he was buried with full state honours . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Elizabeth I's mother was 6 feet tall. | Elizabeth_I_of_England | Elizabeth I -LRB- 7 September 1533 -- 24 March 1603 -RRB- was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death . Sometimes called The Virgin Queen , Gloriana or Good Queen Bess , the childless Elizabeth was the last monarch of the Tudor dynasty . Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn , his second wife , who was executed two-and-a-half years after Elizabeth 's birth . Anne 's marriage to Henry VIII was annulled , and Elizabeth was declared illegitimate . Her half-brother , Edward VI , ruled until his death in 1553 , bequeathing the crown to Lady Jane Grey and ignoring the claims of his two half-sisters , Elizabeth and the Roman Catholic Mary , in spite of statute law to the contrary . Edward 's will was set aside and Mary became queen , deposing Lady Jane Grey . During Mary 's reign , Elizabeth was imprisoned for nearly a year on suspicion of supporting Protestant rebels . In 1558 , Elizabeth succeeded her half-sister to the throne and set out to rule by good counsel . She depended heavily on a group of trusted advisers , led by William Cecil , 1st Baron Burghley . One of her first actions as queen was the establishment of an English Protestant church , of which she became the Supreme Governor . This Elizabethan Religious Settlement was to evolve into the Church of England . It was expected that Elizabeth would marry and produce an heir to continue the Tudor line . She never did , despite numerous courtships . As she grew older , Elizabeth became famous for her virginity . A cult grew around her which was celebrated in the portraits , pageants , and literature of the day . In government , Elizabeth was more moderate than her father and half-siblings had been . One of her mottoes was `` video et taceo '' -LRB- `` I see but say nothing '' -RRB- . In religion , she was relatively tolerant and avoided systematic persecution . After the pope declared her illegitimate in 1570 and released her subjects from obedience to her , several conspiracies threatened her life , all of which were defeated with the help of her ministers ' secret service . Elizabeth was cautious in foreign affairs , manoeuvring between the major powers of France and Spain . She only half-heartedly supported a number of ineffective , poorly resourced military campaigns in the Netherlands , France , and Ireland . By the mid-1580s , England could no longer avoid war with Spain . England 's defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 associated Elizabeth with one of the greatest military victories in English history . Elizabeth 's reign is known as the Elizabethan era . The period is famous for the flourishing of English drama , led by playwrights such as William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe , and for the seafaring prowess of English adventurers such as Francis Drake . Some historians depict Elizabeth as a short-tempered , sometimes indecisive ruler , who enjoyed more than her share of luck . Towards the end of her reign , a series of economic and military problems weakened her popularity . Elizabeth is acknowledged as a charismatic performer and a dogged survivor in an era when government was ramshackle and limited , and when monarchs in neighbouring countries faced internal problems that jeopardised their thrones . Such was the case with Elizabeth 's rival , Mary , Queen of Scots , whom she imprisoned in 1568 and had executed in 1587 . After the short reigns of Elizabeth 's half-siblings , her 44 years on the throne provided welcome stability for the kingdom and helped forge a sense of national identity . |
SUPPORTS | Prince Charles and Lady Diana's wedding anniversary was a traditional wedding service. | Wedding_of_Charles,_Prince_of_Wales,_and_Lady_Diana_Spencer | The wedding of Charles , Prince of Wales , and Lady Diana Spencer took place on Wednesday 29 July 1981 at St Paul 's Cathedral , London , United Kingdom . The ceremony was a traditional Church of England wedding service . Notable figures in attendance included many members of royal families from across the world , republican heads of state , and members of the bride 's and groom 's families . Their marriage was widely billed as a `` fairytale wedding '' and the `` wedding of the century '' . It was watched by an estimated global TV audience of 750 million . The United Kingdom had a national holiday on that day to mark the wedding . The couple separated in 1992 and divorced in 1996 . |
SUPPORTS | Stephen Moyer acted in a film adaptation of a the Prince Valiant comic. | Stephen_Moyer | Stephen Moyer -LRB- born Stephen John Emery ; 11 October 1969 -RRB- is an English film and television actor and director who is best known as vampire Bill Compton in the HBO series True Blood . Moyer 's first television role was in 1993 as Philip Masefield in the TV adaptation of the play Conjugal Rites , written by actor/playwright Roger Hall . This was followed by the television film Lord of Misrule , filmed in Fowey , Cornwall , which also featured Richard Wilson , Emily Mortimer and Prunella Scales . In 1997 , Moyer made his big-screen debut landing the lead role in the film adaptation of the long-running comic strip Prince Valiant by Hal Foster , working alongside Ron Perlman and Katherine Heigl . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | General Motors had non-automotive brands. | General_Motors | General Motors Company , commonly known as GM , is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit , Michigan , that designs , manufactures , markets , and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts , and sells financial services . With global headquarters at the Renaissance Center in Detroit , Michigan , United States , GM manufactures cars and trucks in 35 countries . In 2008 , 8.35 million GM cars and trucks were sold globally under various brands . 10 million cars sold milestone was exceeded on 2016 . Current auto brands are Buick , Cadillac , Chevrolet , GMC , Holden , and Wuling . Former GM automotive brands include McLaughlin , Oakland , Oldsmobile , Pontiac , Hummer , Saab , Saturn , Vauxhall , and Opel . The company was founded by William C. Durant on September 16 , 1908 as a holding company . The company was the largest automobile manufacturer from 1931 through 2007 . In addition to brands selling assembled vehicles , GM has also had various automotive-component and non-automotive brands , many of which it divested in the 1980s through 2000s . These have included Euclid and Terex -LRB- earthmoving/construction/mining equipment & vehicles -RRB- ; Electro-Motive Diesel -LRB- locomotive , marine , and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Detroit Diesel -LRB- automotive and industrial diesel engines -RRB- ; Allison -LRB- Aircraft engines , transmissions , gas turbine engines -RRB- ; Frigidaire -LRB- Appliances including refrigeration and air conditioning -RRB- ; New Departure -LRB- bearings -RRB- ; Delco Electronics and ACDelco -LRB- electrical and electronic components -RRB- ; GMAC -LRB- finance -RRB- ; General Aviation and North American Aviation -LRB- airplanes -RRB- ; GM Defense -LRB- military vehicles -RRB- ; and Electronic Data Systems -LRB- information technology -RRB- . General Motors produces vehicles in 37 countries under twelve brands : Chevrolet , Buick , GMC , Cadillac , Holden , HSV , Opel , Vauxhall , Wuling , Baojun , Jie Fang , and Ravon . The current company , General Motors Company -LRB- `` new GM '' -RRB- , was formed in 2009 following the bankruptcy of General Motors Corporation -LRB- `` old GM '' -RRB- , which became Motors Liquidation Company . The new company purchased the majority of the assets of the old GM , including the brand `` General Motors '' . |
REFUTES | Arthur Schopenhauer was only ever a mathematician. | Arthur_Schopenhauer | Arthur Schopenhauer -LRB- -LSB- ˈaɐ̯tʊɐ̯ ˈʃoːpm̩ˌhaʊ̯ɐ -RSB- ; 22 February 1788 -- 21 September 1860 -RRB- was a German philosopher . He is best known for his 1818 work The World as Will and Representation -LRB- expanded in 1844 -RRB- , wherein he characterizes the phenomenal world as the product of a blind and insatiable metaphysical will . Proceeding from the transcendental idealism of Immanuel Kant , Schopenhauer developed an atheistic metaphysical and ethical system that has been described as an exemplary manifestation of philosophical pessimism , rejecting the contemporaneous post-Kantian philosophies of German idealism . Schopenhauer was among the first thinkers in Western philosophy to share and affirm significant tenets of Eastern philosophy -LRB- e.g. , asceticism , the world-as-appearance -RRB- , having initially arrived at similar conclusions as the result of his own philosophical work . His writing on aesthetics , morality , and psychology would exert important influence on thinkers and artists throughout the 19th and 20th centuries . Though his work failed to garner substantial attention during his life , Schopenhauer has had a posthumous impact across various disciplines , including philosophy , literature , and science . Those who have cited his influence include Friedrich Nietzsche , Richard Wagner , Leo Tolstoy , Ludwig Wittgenstein , Erwin Schrödinger , Otto Rank , Gustav Mahler , Joseph Campbell , Albert Einstein , Carl Jung , Thomas Mann , Jorge Luis Borges , and Samuel Beckett , among others . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Zoe Saldana is a contortionist. | Zoe_Saldana | Zoe Saldana-Perego -LRB- born Zoe Yadira Saldaña Nazario , June 19 , 1978 -RRB- , known professionally as Zoe Saldana or Zoë Saldana , is an American actress and dancer . Following her performances with the theater group Faces , Saldana made her screen debut in an episode of Law & Order -LRB- 1999 -RRB- . Her film career began a year later with Center Stage -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , where she played a struggling ballet dancer , followed by a role in Crossroads -LRB- 2002 -RRB- . Saldana 's breakthrough came in 2009 with the roles of Nyota Uhura in Star Trek and Neytiri in James Cameron 's Avatar -LRB- 2009 -RRB- . The latter film received widespread acclaim , and is the highest-grossing film of all time . Saldana continued her career with films such as Colombiana -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , Guardians of the Galaxy -LRB- 2014 -RRB- and Star Trek Beyond -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . |
SUPPORTS | Little Dorrit was originally published in serial form. | Little_Dorrit | Little Dorrit is a novel by Charles Dickens , originally published in serial form between 1855 and 1857 . It satirises the shortcomings of both government and society , including the institution of debtors ' prisons , where debtors were imprisoned , unable to work , until they repaid their debts . The prison in this case is the Marshalsea , where Dickens 's own father had been imprisoned . Dickens is also critical of the lack of a social safety net , the treatment and safety of industrial workers , as well the bureaucracy of the British Treasury , in the form of his fictional `` Circumlocution Office '' . In addition he satirises the stratification of society that results from the British class system . |
SUPPORTS | Little Dorrit was originally published in serial form. | Serial_-LRB-literature-RRB- | In literature , a serial is a printed format by which a single larger work , often a work of narrative fiction , is published in sequential installments . The installments are also known as numbers , parts or fascicles , and are either issued as separate publications or within sequential issues of the same periodical publication . |
REFUTES | Coins of the Swiss franc are toys. | Coins_of_the_Swiss_franc | The coins of the Swiss franc are the official coins used in Switzerland and Liechtenstein . The name of the subunit is Centime in French , Rappen in German , Centisimo in Italian and Rap in Romansh . There are coins in denominations of 5 centimes , 10 centimes , 20 centimes , 1/2 franc -LRB- 50 centimes -RRB- , 1 franc , 2 francs and 5 francs . In the past , there were also coins of 1 and 2 centimes . |
REFUTES | Veep has not won an award in Comedy. | Veep | Veep is an American political satire comedy television series , starring Julia Louis-Dreyfus , that premiered on HBO on April 22 , 2012 . The series was created by Armando Iannucci as an adaptation of the British sitcom The Thick of It . Veep is set in the office of Selina Meyer , a fictional Vice President , and subsequent President , of the United States . The series follows Meyer and her team as they attempt to make their mark and leave a lasting legacy without getting tripped up in the day-to-day political games that define Washington , D.C. Veep has received critical acclaim and won several major awards . It has been nominated five years in a row for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series , winning the award for its fourth and fifth seasons . Its second and fourth seasons won the Writers Guild of America Award for Television : Comedy Series , with the third season winning the Television Critics Association Award for Outstanding Achievement in Comedy . Louis-Dreyfus has won five consecutive Primetime Emmy Awards , two Screen Actors Guild Award , two Critics ' Choice Television Awards and one Television Critics Association Award for her performance . Supporting cast members Anna Chlumsky and Tony Hale have both received four consecutive Emmy nominations for their work on the series , including Hale winning in 2013 and 2015 . The series ' 10-episode sixth season premiered on April 16 , 2017 . Veep has been renewed for a seventh season , which will premiere in 2018 . |
REFUTES | Phoenix, Arizona is a state. | Phoenix,_Arizona | Phoenix -LRB- -LSB- ˈfiːnᵻks -RSB- -RRB- is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona . With 1,615,017 people , Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide , the most populous state capital in the United States , and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents . Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area , also known as the Valley of the Sun , which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley . The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States , with approximately 4.3 million people . In addition , Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and , at 517.9 square miles -LRB- 1,341 km2 -RRB- , it is the largest city in the state , more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States . Settled in 1867 as an agricultural community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers , Phoenix incorporated as a city in 1881 . Located in the northeastern reaches of the Sonoran Desert , Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate . Despite this , its canal system led to a thriving farming community , many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades , such as alfalfa , cotton , citrus , and hay -LRB- which was important for the cattle industry -RRB- . In fact , the `` Five C 's '' -LRB- Cotton , Cattle , Citrus , Climate , and Copper -RRB- , remained the driving forces of Phoenix 's economy until after World War II , when high-tech industries began to move into the valley and air conditioning made residences much more comfortable in the very hot summers . The city averaged a four percent annual population growth rate over a 40-year period from the mid-1960s to the mid-2000s . This growth rate slowed during the Great Recession of 2007 -- 09 , and has rebounded slowly . Phoenix is the cultural center of the Valley of the Sun , as well as the entire state . |
REFUTES | Vampire Academy was a critical success. | Vampire_Academy_-LRB-film-RRB- | Vampire Academy -LRB- also known as Vampire Academy : Blood Sisters -RRB- is a 2014 American fantasy comedy film based on Richelle Mead 's 2007 best-selling novel of the same name , directed by Mark Waters , and scripted by Daniel Waters . The film stars Zoey Deutch , Danila Kozlovsky , Lucy Fry , and Dominic Sherwood in lead roles . It was released in North America on February 7 , 2014 and globally between March and July of the same year . It was distributed in the United States by The Weinstein Company . The film was a failure critically and financially , grossing only $ 15.4 million worldwide against a $ 30 million budget , making the film a box office flop . |
REFUTES | John Perry Barlow was a guitarist of the Grateful Dead. | Grateful_Dead | The Grateful Dead was an American rock band formed in 1965 in Palo Alto , California . Ranging from quintet to septet , the band is known for its unique and eclectic style , which fused elements of rock , psychedelia , experimental music , modal jazz , country , folk , bluegrass , blues , reggae , and space rock , for live performances of lengthy instrumental jams , and for their devoted fan base , known as `` Deadheads '' . `` Their music , '' writes Lenny Kaye , `` touches on ground that most other groups do n't even know exists . '' These various influences were distilled into a diverse and psychedelic whole that made the Grateful Dead `` the pioneering Godfathers of the jam band world '' . The band was ranked 57th by Rolling Stone magazine in its The Greatest Artists of All Time issue . The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 and a recording of their May 8 , 1977 performance at Cornell University 's Barton Hall was added to the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2012 . The Grateful Dead have sold more than 35 million albums worldwide . The Grateful Dead was founded in the San Francisco Bay Area amid the rise of the counterculture of the 1960s . The founding members were Jerry Garcia -LRB- lead guitar , vocals -RRB- , Bob Weir -LRB- rhythm guitar , vocals -RRB- , Ron `` Pigpen '' McKernan -LRB- keyboards , harmonica , vocals -RRB- , Phil Lesh -LRB- bass , vocals -RRB- , and Bill Kreutzmann -LRB- drums -RRB- . Members of the Grateful Dead had played together in various San Francisco bands , including Mother McCree 's Uptown Jug Champions and the Warlocks . Lesh was the last member to join the Warlocks before they became the Grateful Dead ; he replaced Dana Morgan Jr. , who had played bass for a few gigs . Drummer Mickey Hart and nonperforming lyricist Robert Hunter joined in 1967 . With the exception of McKernan , who died in 1973 , and Hart , who took time off from 1971 to 1974 , the core of the band stayed together for its entire 30-year history . The other official members of the band are Tom Constanten -LRB- keyboards ; 1968 -- 1970 -RRB- , John Perry Barlow -LRB- nonperforming lyricist ; 1971 -- 1995 -RRB- , Keith Godchaux -LRB- keyboards ; 1971 -- 1979 -RRB- , Donna Godchaux -LRB- vocals ; 1972 -- 1979 -RRB- , Brent Mydland -LRB- keyboards , vocals ; 1979 -- 1990 -RRB- , and Vince Welnick -LRB- keyboards , vocals ; 1990 -- 1995 -RRB- . Pianist Bruce Hornsby was a touring member from 1990 to 1992 , as well as guesting with the band on occasion before and after the tours . After the death of Jerry Garcia in 1995 , former members of the band , along with other musicians , toured as the Other Ones in 1998 , 2000 , and 2002 , and the Dead in 2003 , 2004 , and 2009 . In 2015 , the four surviving core members marked the band 's 50th anniversary in a series of concerts that were billed as their last performances together . There have also been several spin-offs featuring one or more core members , such as Dead & Company , Furthur , the Rhythm Devils , Phil Lesh & Friends , RatDog , and Billy & the Kids . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | One of Macklemore's singles was number one in Canada in 2010. | List_of_RPM_number-one_country_singles_of_1978 | These are the Canadian number-one country songs of 1978 , per the RPM Country Tracks chart . |
REFUTES | Pitch Perfect 2 centers only on an instrumental group. | Pitch_Perfect_2 | Pitch Perfect 2 is a 2015 American comedy film directed and co-produced by Elizabeth Banks and written by Kay Cannon . It is a sequel to the 2012 film Pitch Perfect and the second installment in the Pitch Perfect series . The film centers on the fictional Barden University and The Bellas , an all-female a cappella singing group . The film features an ensemble cast , including Anna Kendrick , Rebel Wilson , Hailee Steinfeld , Brittany Snow , Alexis Knapp , Hana Mae Lee , Ester Dean , Chrissie Fit , Kelley Jakle and Shelley Regner as The Bellas . It was released on May 15 , 2015 by Universal Pictures . The film grossed over $ 287 million and surpassed the total gross of the original film -LRB- $ 115.4 million -RRB- in five days , and also became the highest-grossing music comedy film of all-time , overtaking School of Rock -LRB- $ 131.3 million -RRB- . A sequel , Pitch Perfect 3 , is set to be released on December 22 , 2017 . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Goldie Hawn had a car that lasted more than three decades. | Car_coat | A car coat is an outer garment originally made to be worn by automobile drivers and passengers . First designed to provide maximum warmth and coverage , over time it became a much shorter garment . Today it describes a coat that typically ends at mid thigh . It is worn by both men and women . While fur , leather and heavy wool were preferred in the early days , today the coat may be made in a wide variety of materials . In the period after World War II , it took on design elements of the jeep coat worn by servicemen and this is when the shorter length became common . As car ownership grew so did the popularity of the coat ; by the 1960s it was described as `` ubiquitous '' . The car coat remains popular today , both as a functional and a fashion garment . |
SUPPORTS | Part of The Last Song (film) was filmed on a pier. | The_Last_Song_-LRB-film-RRB- | The Last Song is a 2010 American coming of age teen romantic drama film developed alongside Nicholas Sparks ' 2009 novel of the same name . The film was directed by Julie Anne Robinson in her feature film directorial debut and co-written by Sparks and Jeff Van Wie . The Last Song stars Miley Cyrus , Liam Hemsworth , and Greg Kinnear and follows a troubled teenager as she reconnects with her estranged father and falls in love during a summer in a quiet Southern United States beach town . Sparks was approached to write both the film 's screenplay and the novel . Sparks completed the screenplay in January 2009 , prior to the completion of the novel , making The Last Song his first script to be optioned for film . The setting , originally in North Carolina like the novel , relocated to Georgia after the states had campaigned for months to host production . Upon beginning production in Tybee Island , Georgia and nearby Savannah , The Last Song became the first movie to be both filmed and set in Tybee Island . Filming lasted from June 15 to August 18 , 2009 with much of it occurring on the island 's beach and pier . The Last Song was released by Touchstone Pictures on March 31 , 2010 . Upon release , the film received a negative response from critics , particularly towards its screenplay and casting . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Georgians arose from a place that was a kingdom in Azerbaijan. | Georgians | The Georgians or Kartvelians -LRB- -LSB- ქართველები , tr -RSB- -RRB- are a nation and ethnic group who constitute a majority of the population in Georgia . Large Georgian communities are also present throughout Russia , Turkey , Greece , Iran , Ukraine , United States , and to a lesser extent throughout the European Union . Georgians arose from the ancient Colchian and Iberian civilizations . After Christianization of Iberia by Saint Nino they became one of the first who embraced the faith of Jesus in the early 4th century and now the majority of Georgians are Eastern Orthodox Christians and most follow their national autocephalous Georgian Orthodox Church . There are also small Georgian Catholic and Muslim communities in Tbilisi and Adjara , as well as a significant number of irreligious Georgians . A complex process of nation formation has resulted in a diverse set of geographic subgroups of Georgians , each with its characteristic traditions , manners , dialects and , in the case of Svans and Mingrelians , own regional languages . The Georgian language , with its own unique writing system and extensive written tradition , which goes back to the 5th century , is the official language of Georgia as well as the language of education of all Georgians living in the country . Located on the crossroads of predominantly Christian Europe and Muslim Western Asia , Georgian people have maintained their Christian identity in the face of great pressure from neighboring Muslim empires . By the early 11th century they formed a unified Kingdom of Georgia and inaugurated the Georgian Golden Age , a height of political and cultural power of the nation . This lasted until being weakened by Mongol invasions , as well as internal divisions following the death of George V the Brilliant , the last of the great kings of Georgia . Thereafter and throughout the early modern period Georgians became politically fractured and fell into decline due to the onslaught of various hostile empires , including the Ottoman Empire and successive dynasties of Persia . To ensure Georgia 's survival , in 1783 Heraclius II of Georgia forged an alliance with the Russian Empire , which Georgians viewed as a replacement for their fallen traditional ally -- Byzantine Empire . The Russo-Georgian alliance , however , backfired as Russia was unwilling to fulfill the terms of the treaty , proceeding to annex the troubled kingdom in 1801 . Georgians briefly reasserted their independence from Russia under the First Georgian Republic from 1918-1921 , and finally , in 1991 from the Soviet Union . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Ang Lee is a Taiwanese farmer. | King_Kong_Lee | Not to be confused with King Kong Lam Lee Hsin Chiao , known professionally by his stage name King Kong Lee , is a Taiwanese actor and comedian . He hosted the popular Super Trio series and has played some notable roles in some dramas such as No Regrets as a Japanese general . |
REFUTES | The Book of Mormon predated the Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album. | The_Book_of_Mormon_-LRB-musical-RRB- | The Book of Mormon is a musical comedy about two young Mormon missionaries who travel to Africa to preach the Mormon religion . First staged in 2011 , the play satirizes various Mormon beliefs and practices . The script , lyrics , and music were written by Robert Lopez , Trey Parker , and Matt Stone . Best known for creating the animated comedy South Park , Parker and Stone co-created the music with Lopez , the co-composer/co-lyricist of Avenue Q , and , subsequently , Frozen . The Book of Mormon follows two Mormon missionaries as they attempt to share their scriptures with the inhabitants of a remote Ugandan village . The earnest young men are challenged by the lack of interest of the locals , who are preoccupied with more pressing troubles such as AIDS , famine , and oppression from the local warlord . In 2003 , Trey Parker , Robert Lopez , and Matt Stone began developing the musical , meeting sporadically for several years after Parker and Stone saw Avenue Q. Parker and Stone grew up in Colorado , and references to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints had been commonplace in their previous works . For research , the trio took a trip to Salt Lake City to meet with current and former Mormon missionaries . Beginning in 2008 , developmental workshops were staged . The show 's producer , Scott Rudin , opted to open the show directly on Broadway . The show opened on Broadway in March 2011 , after nearly seven years of development . The LDS Church issued a polite , measured response to the musical , and purchased advertising space in its playbill in later runs . The Book of Mormon garnered overwhelmingly positive critical responses , and set records in ticket sales for the Eugene O'Neill Theatre . The show was awarded nine Tony Awards , one of which was for Best Musical , and a Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album . The original Broadway cast recording became the highest-charting Broadway cast album in over four decades , reaching number three on the Billboard charts . In 2013 , the musical premiered in the West End . Since then , it has staged two US national tours . An Australian production opened in Melbourne and a Swedish production opened in Stockholm in 2017 . |
REFUTES | Golf is played on a court. | Golf | Golf is a club and ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible . Golf , unlike most ball games , can not and does not utilize a standardized playing area . The game is played on a course with an arranged progression of 18 holes . Each hole on the course must contain a tee box to start from , and a putting green containing the actual hole or cup -LRB- 4.25 inches in width -RRB- . There are other standard forms of terrain in between , such as the fairway , rough -LRB- long grass -RRB- , sand traps , and hazards -LRB- water , rocks , fescue -RRB- but each hole on a course is unique in its specific layout and arrangement . Golf is played for the lowest number of strokes by an individual , known as stroke play , or the lowest score on the most individual holes in a complete round by an individual or team , known as match play . Stroke play is the most commonly seen format at all levels . |
REFUTES | Jenny McCarthy began her career in 1995. | Jenny_McCarthy | Jennifer Ann McCarthy -LRB- born November 1 , 1972 -RRB- , credited as Jenny McCarthy and Jenny Wahlberg , is an American actress , model , television host , author , screenwriter , and anti-vaccine activist . She began her career in 1993 as a nude model for Playboy magazine and was later named their Playmate of the Year . McCarthy then parlayed her Playboy fame into a television and film acting career starting as a co-host on the MTV game show Singled Out , then some eponymous sitcoms , as well as films such as BASEketball , Diamonds , Scream 3 , and Santa Baby . She is a former co-host of the ABC talk show The View . McCarthy has written books about parenting and has become an activist promoting research into environmental causes and alternative medical treatments for autism . She has promoted the idea that vaccines cause autism and that chelation therapy helped cure her son of autism . Both claims are unsupported by medical consensus , and her son 's autism diagnosis has been questioned . McCarthy has been described as `` the nation 's most prominent purveyor of anti-vaxxer ideology '' , but she has denied the charge , stating : `` I am not anti-vaccine '' . |
SUPPORTS | Practical Magic is based on a 1995 novel. | Practical_Magic | Practical Magic is a 1998 American romantic comedy film based on the 1995 novel of the same name by Alice Hoffman . The film was directed by Griffin Dunne and stars Sandra Bullock , Nicole Kidman , Stockard Channing , Dianne Wiest , Aidan Quinn , and Goran Visnjic . The film score was composed by Alan Silvestri . Bullock and Kidman play sisters Sally and Gillian Owens , who have always known they were different from each other . Raised by their aunts after their parents ' death , the sisters grew up in a household that was anything but typical -- their aunts fed them chocolate cake for breakfast and taught them the uses of practical magic . But the invocation of the Owens ' sorcery also carries a price -- some call it a curse : the men they fall in love with are doomed to an untimely death . Now adult women with very different personalities , the quiet Sally and the fiery Gillian must use all of their powers to fight the family curse and a swarm of supernatural forces that could take away all the Owens ' lives . |
REFUTES | Boeing 787 Dreamliner is the working title of a film. | Boeing_787_Dreamliner | The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is an American long-haul , mid-size widebody , twin-engine jet airliner made by Boeing Commercial Airplanes . Its variants seat 242 to 335 passengers in typical three-class seating configurations . It is a pioneering airliner with the use of composite materials as the primary material in the construction of its airframe . The 787 was designed to be 20 % more fuel efficient than the Boeing 767 , which it was intended to replace . The 787 Dreamliner 's distinguishing features include mostly electrical flight systems , raked wingtips , and noise-reducing chevrons on its engine nacelles . It shares a common type rating with the larger Boeing 777 to allow qualified pilots to operate both models . The aircraft 's initial designation was the 7E7 , prior to its renaming in January 2005 . The first 787 was unveiled in a roll-out ceremony on July 8 , 2007 at Boeing 's Everett factory . Development and production of the 787 has involved a large-scale collaboration with numerous suppliers worldwide . Final assembly takes place at the Boeing Everett Factory in Everett , Washington , and at the Boeing South Carolina factory in North Charleston , South Carolina . Originally planned to enter service in May 2008 , the project experienced multiple delays . The airliner 's maiden flight took place on December 15 , 2009 , and completed flight testing in mid-2011 . Boeing has reportedly spent $ 32 billion on the 787 program . Final US Federal Aviation Administration -LRB- FAA -RRB- and European Aviation Safety Agency -LRB- EASA -RRB- type certification was received in August 2011 and the first 787-8 was delivered in September 2011 . It entered commercial service on October 26 , 2011 with launch customer All Nippon Airways . The stretched 787-9 variant , which is 20 ft longer and can fly 450 nmi farther than the -8 , first flew in September 2013 . Deliveries of the 787-9 began in July 2014 ; it entered commercial service on August 7 , 2014 with All Nippon Airways , with 787-9 launch customer Air New Zealand following two days later . As of April 2017 , the 787 had orders for 1,213 aircraft from 64 customers , with All Nippon Airways having the largest number on order . The aircraft has suffered from several in-service problems , including fires on board related to its lithium-ion batteries . These systems were reviewed by both the FAA and the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau . The FAA issued a directive in January 2013 that grounded all 787s in the US and other civil aviation authorities followed suit . After Boeing completed tests on a revised battery design , the FAA approved the revised design and lifted the grounding in April 2013 ; the 787 returned to passenger service later that month . |
SUPPORTS | There is an island called Java. | Java | Java -LRB- Indonesian : Jawa ; Javanese : ꦗꦮ ; Sundanese : -RRB- is an island of Indonesia . With a population of over 141 million -LRB- the island itself -RRB- or 145 million -LRB- the administrative region -RRB- Census released in December 2015 , Java is home to 56.7 percent of the Indonesian population and is the most populous island on Earth . The Indonesian capital city , Jakarta , is located on western Java . Much of Indonesian history took place on Java . It was the center of powerful Hindu-Buddhist empires , the Islamic sultanates , and the core of the colonial Dutch East Indies . Java was also the center of the Indonesian struggle for independence during the 1930s and 1940s . Java dominates Indonesia politically , economically and culturally . Formed mostly as the result of volcanic eruptions , Java is the 13th largest island in the world and the fifth largest in Indonesia . A chain of volcanic mountains forms an east -- west spine along the island . Three main languages are spoken on the island : Javanese , Sundanese , and Madurese . Of these , Javanese is the dominant ; it is the native language of about 60 million people in Indonesia , most of whom live on Java . Furthermore , most residents are bilingual , speaking Indonesian -LRB- the official language of Indonesia -RRB- as their first or second language . While the majority of the people of Java are Muslim , Java has a diverse mixture of religious beliefs , ethnicities , and cultures . Java is divided into four provinces , West Java , Central Java , East Java , and Banten , and two special regions , Jakarta and Yogyakarta . |
SUPPORTS | There is an island called Java. | Jakarta | Jakarta -LSB- dʒəˈkɑrtə -RSB- Pronounced in Indonesian language : -LSB- dʒaˈkarta -RSB- . -LRB- formerly named Sunda Kelapa , Jayakarta and Batavia ; officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta -RRB- is the capital and most populous city of Indonesia . Located on the northwest coast of the world 's most populous island of Java , Jakarta is the country 's economic , cultural and political centre , with a population of 10,075,310 . The Greater Jakarta metropolitan area , known as Jabodetabek -LRB- a name formed by combining the initial syllables of Jakarta , Bogor , Depok , Tangerang and Bekasi -RRB- , is the second largest in the world , with population of 30,214,303 inhabitants census . Established in the fourth century , the city became an important trading port for the Kingdom of Sunda . It was the de facto capital of the Dutch East Indies -LRB- known as Batavia at that time -RRB- . The city is currently the seat of the ASEAN Secretariat as well as important financial institutions such as the Bank of Indonesia , the Indonesia Stock Exchange , and the corporate headquarters of numerous Indonesian companies and multinational corporations . As of 2017 , six of Forbes Global 2000 companies have headquarter in the city . The city is also home for two of Fortune 500 companies in 2016 . Jakarta 's business opportunities , as well as its potential to offer a higher standard of living , attract migrants from all over Indonesia , making the city a melting pot of many communities and cultures . Jakarta is listed as an Alpha Global City in the 2016 Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network -LRB- GaWC -RRB- research . Based on the global metro monitor by the Brookings Institution , in 2014 , economic growth in Jakarta ranked 34th among the world 's 200 largest cities . Jakarta has grown more rapidly than Kuala Lumpur , Beijing , and Bangkok . |
SUPPORTS | There is an island called Java. | Javanese_language | Javanese -LSB- dʒɑːvəˈniːz -RSB- -LRB- , ; -LSB- bɔsɔ dʒɔwɔ -RSB- -RRB- -LRB- colloquially known as , ; -LSB- tjɔrɔ dʒɔwɔ -RSB- -RRB- is the language of the Javanese people from the central and eastern parts of the island of Java , in Indonesia . There are also pockets of Javanese speakers in the northern coast of western Java . It is the native language of more than 98 million people -LRB- more than 42 % of the total population of Indonesia -RRB- . Javanese is one of the Austronesian languages , but it is not particularly close to other languages and is difficult to classify . Its closest relatives are the neighbouring languages such as Sundanese , Madurese and Balinese . Most speakers of Javanese also speak Indonesian , the standardized form of Malay spoken in Indonesia , for official and commercial purposes as well as a means to communicate with non-Javanese-speaking Indonesians . There are speakers of Javanese in Malaysia -LRB- concentrated in the states of Selangor and Johor -RRB- and Singapore . Some people of Javanese descent in Suriname -LRB- the Dutch colony of Suriname until 1975 -RRB- speak a creole descendant of the language . |
SUPPORTS | There is an island called Java. | Banten | Banten is the westernmost province on the island of Java , in Indonesia . The provincial capital city is Serang . The population of Banten was officially estimated at 11,834,087 at the start of 2014 , up from over 10.6 million during the 2010 census . Formerly part of the province of West Java , Banten became a separate province in 2000 . The province is a transit corridor to the neighbouring Indonesian island of Sumatra . Historically , it has had a culture distinct from the rest of Java and that of the broader Indonesian archipelago . In recent years , the northern half , particularly those areas near Jakarta and the Java Sea coast , have experienced rapid rises in population and urbanization , while the southern half , particularly that facing the Indian Ocean , maintains more of its traditional character . |
SUPPORTS | Hinduism has texts. | Hinduism | Hinduism is a religion , or a way of life , found most notably in India and Nepal . Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world , and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as , `` the eternal law , '' or the `` eternal way , '' beyond human origins . Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions , with diverse roots and no founder . This `` Hindu synthesis '' started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE following the Vedic period -LRB- 1500 BCE to 500 BCE -RRB- . Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies , it is linked by shared concepts , recognisable rituals , cosmology , shared textual resources , and pilgrimage to sacred sites . Hindu texts are classified into Shruti -LRB- `` heard '' -RRB- and Smriti -LRB- `` remembered '' -RRB- . These texts discuss theology , philosophy , mythology , Vedic yajna , Yoga , agamic rituals , and temple building , among other topics . Major scriptures include the Vedas and Upanishads , the Bhagavad Gita , and the Agamas . Sources of authority and eternal truths in its texts play an important role , but there is also a strong Hindu tradition of the questioning of this authority , to deepen the understanding of these truths and to further develop the tradition . Prominent themes in Hindu beliefs include the four Puruṣārthas , the proper goals or aims of human life , namely Dharma -LRB- ethics/duties -RRB- , Artha -LRB- prosperity/work -RRB- , Kama -LRB- desires/passions -RRB- and Moksha -LRB- liberation/freedom/salvation -RRB- ; karma -LRB- action , intent and consequences -RRB- , samsara -LRB- cycle of rebirth -RRB- , and the various Yogas -LRB- paths or practices to attain moksha -RRB- . Hindu practices include rituals such as puja -LRB- worship -RRB- and recitations , meditation , family-oriented rites of passage , annual festivals , and occasional pilgrimages . Some Hindus leave their social world and material possessions , then engage in lifelong Sannyasa -LRB- monastic practices -RRB- to achieve Moksha . Hinduism prescribes the eternal duties , such as honesty , refraining from injuring living beings -LRB- ahimsa -RRB- , patience , forbearance , self-restraint , and compassion , among others . Hinduism is the world 's third largest religion , with over one billion followers or 15 % of the global population , known as Hindus . The majority of Hindus reside in India , Nepal , Mauritius , the Caribbean , and Bali in Indonesia . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Leslie Alexander owns the Boston Celtics. | Leslie_Alexander_-LRB-businessman-RRB- | Leslie L. Alexander -LRB- born 1944 -RRB- is an American attorney , businessman and financier . He is a former bond trader from New Jersey who owns the National Basketball Association -LRB- NBA -RRB- team Houston Rockets . |
SUPPORTS | SpongeBob SquarePants is a series. | SpongeBob_SquarePants | SpongeBob SquarePants is an American animated television series created by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg for Nickelodeon . The series chronicles the adventures and endeavors of the title character and his various friends in the fictional underwater city of Bikini Bottom . The series ' popularity has made it a media franchise , as well as the highest rated series to ever air on Nickelodeon , and the most distributed property of MTV Networks . As of 2015 , the media franchise has generated $ 12 billion in merchandising revenue for Nickelodeon . Many of the ideas for the series originated in an unpublished educational comic book titled The Intertidal Zone , which Hillenburg created in 1989 . He began developing SpongeBob SquarePants into a television series in 1996 upon the cancellation of Rocko 's Modern Life , and turned to Tom Kenny , who had worked with him on that series , to voice the title character . SpongeBob was originally going to be named SpongeBoy , and the series was to be called SpongeBoy Ahoy ! , but these were both changed , as the name was already trademarked . Nickelodeon held a preview for the series in the United States on May 1 , 1999 , following the television airing of the 1999 Kids ' Choice Awards . The series officially premiered on July 17 , 1999 . It has received worldwide critical acclaim since its premiere and gained enormous popularity by its second season . A feature film , The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie , was released in theaters on November 19 , 2004 , and a sequel was released on February 6 , 2015 . On October 15 , 2016 , the series began airing its current tenth season , beginning with the episode `` Whirly Brains '' . In May 2017 , the show was announced to be renewed for a 12th season . The series has won a variety of awards , including six Annie Awards , eight Golden Reel Awards , two Emmy Awards , 12 Kids ' Choice Awards , and two BAFTA Children 's Awards . Despite its widespread popularity , the series has been involved in several public controversies , including one centered on speculation over SpongeBob 's intended sexual orientation , and another focusing on the perceived declining quality of the show 's content since the release of the first film . In 2011 , a newly described species of fungi , Spongiforma squarepantsii , was named after the cartoon 's title character . |
SUPPORTS | Kyra Sedgwick played a role in a series. | Kyra_Sedgwick | Kyra Minturn Sedgwick Bacon -LRB- born August 19 , 1965 -RRB- is an American actress and producer . She is best known for her starring role as Deputy Chief Brenda Leigh Johnson on the TNT crime drama The Closer . Sedgwick 's role in the series won her a Golden Globe Award in 2007 and an Emmy Award in 2010 . The series ended on August 13 , 2012 , following the completion of its seventh season . She is also known for her recurring role as Madeline Wuntch on the successful sitcom Brooklyn Nine Nine . Sedgwick was nominated for a Golden Globe award for her performance in Something to Talk About -LRB- 1995 -RRB- . Sedgwick 's other film roles include Oliver Stone 's Born on the Fourth of July -LRB- 1989 -RRB- , Cameron Crowe 's Singles -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , as well as Heart and Souls -LRB- 1992 -RRB- , Phenomenon -LRB- 1996 -RRB- , What 's Cooking -LRB- 2000 -RRB- , Secondhand Lions -LRB- 2003 -RRB- , The Game Plan -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , and The Possession -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . She also has one of the starring roles in the critically acclaimed 2016 comedy-drama movie The Edge of Seventeen . |
SUPPORTS | Kyra Sedgwick played a role in a series. | Brooklyn_Nine-Nine | Brooklyn Nine-Nine is an American police sitcom that airs on Fox . The single-camera series premiered on September 17 , 2013 . The premiere garnered 6.17 million viewers . It has won two Creative Arts Emmy Awards , and two Golden Globe Awards : one for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy and one for Andy Samberg for Best Actor -- Television Series Musical or Comedy . Andre Braugher has also been nominated for three consecutive Primetime Emmy Awards for his performance . On May 12 , 2017 , the series was renewed for a fifth season . |
REFUTES | Night of the Living Dead is a 1990 Australian music video. | Night_of_the_Living_Dead | Night of the Living Dead is a 1968 American independent horror film , directed by George A. Romero , starring Duane Jones and Judith O'Dea . It was completed on a $ 114,000 budget and premiered October 1 , 1968 . The film became a financial success , grossing $ 12 million domestically and $ 18 million internationally . It has been a cult classic ever since . Night of the Living Dead was heavily criticized at its release for its explicit gore . It eventually garnered critical acclaim and has been selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Film Registry , as a film deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . The story follows characters Ben -LRB- Jones -RRB- , Barbra -LRB- O'Dea -RRB- , and five others trapped in a rural farmhouse in Western Pennsylvania , which is attacked by a large and growing group of unnamed `` living dead '' monsters drawing on earlier depictions in popular culture of the ghoul , which has led this type of creature to be referred to most popularly as a zombie . This is the most easily recognized version of the living dead , to the point where people gather in mass quantities for conventions dressed as zombies , complete with makeup and prosthetic limbs . Night of the Living Dead led to five subsequent films between 1978 and 2010 , also directed by Romero , and inspired two remakes ; the most well-known remake was released in 1990 , directed by Tom Savini . |
SUPPORTS | Jon Bernthal stars in The Punisher. | The_Punisher_-LRB-TV_series-RRB- | Marvel 's The Punisher , or simply The Punisher , is an upcoming American web television series created for Netflix by Steve Lightfoot , based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe -LRB- MCU -RRB- , sharing continuity with the films and other television series of the franchise , and is a spin-off of Marvel 's Daredevil . The series is produced by Marvel Television in association with ABC Studios , with Lightfoot serving as showrunner . The series revolves around Frank Castle , who uses lethal methods to fight crime as the vigilante `` the Punisher '' , with Jon Bernthal reprising the role from Daredevil . Ben Barnes , Ebon Moss-Bachrach , Amber Rose Revah , Deborah Ann Woll , Daniel Webber , Jason R. Moore , Paul Schulze , Jaime Ray Newman , and Michael Nathanson also star . A television series centered on the Punisher received a put-pilot commitment at Fox in 2011 , but that project fell through . In June 2015 , Bernthal was cast as the character to appear in the second season of Daredevil . Development on a spin-off titled The Punisher began by January 2016 , before the second season of Daredevil was released . In April 2016 , Marvel and Netflix ordered the series , confirmed Bernthal 's involvement , and announced Lightfoot as executive producer and showrunner . Filming began in New York City in October 2016 , and concluded in April 2017 . The Punisher is scheduled to be released in 2017 . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | David Lloyd George was voted the third greatest British model of the 20th century. | David_Lloyd_George | David Lloyd George , 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor , -LRB- 17 January 1863 -- 26 March 1945 -RRB- was a British Liberal politician and statesman of Welsh parentage and upbringing . As Chancellor of the Exchequer -LRB- 1908 -- 1915 -RRB- , Lloyd George was a key figure in the introduction of many reforms which laid the foundations of the modern welfare state . His most important role came as the highly energetic Prime Minister of the Wartime Coalition Government -LRB- 1916 -- 22 -RRB- , during and immediately after the First World War . He was a major player at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919 that reordered Europe after the defeat of the Central Powers . Historian Martin Pugh in The Oxford Companion to British History argues that : He made a greater impact on British public life than any other 20th-century leader , thanks to his pre-war introduction of Britain 's social welfare system -LRB- especially medical insurance , unemployment insurance , and old-age pensions , largely paid for by taxes on high incomes and on the land -RRB- . Furthermore , in foreign affairs he played a leading role in winning the First World War , redrawing the map of Europe at the peace conference , and partitioning Ireland . As Prime Minister , Lloyd George favoured the Conservatives in his coalition in the 1918 elections , leaving the Liberal Party a minority . He became leader of the Liberal Party in the late 1920s , but it grew even smaller and more divided . By the 1930s he was a marginalised and widely mistrusted figure . He gave weak support to the Second World War amidst fears that he was favourable toward Germany . He was voted the third greatest British prime minister of the 20th century in a poll of 139 academics organised by MORI , and in 2002 he was named among the 100 Greatest Britons following a UK-wide vote . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Pocahontas was bilingual. | Pocahontas,_Missouri | Pocahontas is a village in Cape Girardeau County , Missouri , United States . The population was 114 at the 2010 census . It is part of the Cape Girardeau -- Jackson , MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area . |
REFUTES | On August 19, 1875, Ian Gillan was born. | Ian_Gillan | Ian Gillan -LRB- born 19 August 1945 -RRB- is an English singer and songwriter . He originally found commercial success as the lead singer and lyricist for Deep Purple . Initially influenced by Elvis Presley , Gillan started and fronted several local bands in the mid-sixties , and eventually joined Episode Six when their original singer left . He first found widespread commercial success after joining Deep Purple in 1969 . After an almost non-stop workload , during which time he recorded six albums in four years , and problematic relationships with other band members , particularly guitarist Ritchie Blackmore , Gillan resigned from the band in June 1973 , having given a lengthy notice period to their managers . After a short time away from the music business , he resumed his music career with solo bands the Ian Gillan Band and Gillan , before a year-long stint as the vocalist for Black Sabbath . He rejoined a reformed Deep Purple in 1984 , but was fired in 1989 . He rejoined the band for a second time in 1992 for their twenty-fifth anniversary , and following the recruitment of guitarist Steve Morse in 1994 , has helped transform the group into a regular touring outfit , which he has fronted ever since . In addition to his main work -- performing with Deep Purple and other bands during the 1970s and 1980s -- he sang the role of Jesus in the original recording of Andrew Lloyd Webber 's rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar , performed in the charity supergroup Rock Aid Armenia , and engaged in a number of business investments and ventures , including a hotel , a motorcycle manufacturer , and music recording facilities at Kingsway Studios . More recently , he has performed solo concerts concurrently with his latter career in Deep Purple , and his work and affinity with Armenia , combined with his continued friendship with Tony Iommi since his brief time in Black Sabbath , has led him to form the supergroup WhoCares with Iommi . His solo career outside of Deep Purple was given a comprehensive overview with the Gillan 's Inn box set in 2006 . |
REFUTES | Musala is a valley. | Musala | Musala -LRB- Мусала from Arabic through Ottoman Turkish : Musalla , `` near God '' or `` place for prayer '' is the highest peak in the entire Balkan Peninsula , standing at 2,925 m -LRB- 9,596 ft -RRB- . The summit of the Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria , Musala is the highest peak between the Alps and the Caucasus and the highest in Eastern Europe bar the Caucasus . With a prominence of 2473 m , Musala is the 7th most prominent mountain peak in Europe . Musala is situated within the Rila National Park , which is noted for its rich flora , including species such as Macedonian Pine and Bulgarian Fir in the forests on its middle slopes , and fauna ; it is one of the easiest places in Europe to see the wallcreeper . All major mountain ranges of Bulgaria can be seen from the top ; these include Vitosha to the northwest , Sredna Gora towards the northeast , the Balkan Mountains along most of the northern horizon behind Vitosha and Sredna Gora , the Rhodope Mountains to the southeast , Pirin to the south , Osogovo and Ruy Mountain to the west , and of course Rila . A Cosmic Ray Station was built on the peak in 1960 with cooperation from the Hungarian Academy of Science . The station conducted scientific experiments using a muon telescope . The station was destroyed by an electrical fire on October 29 , 1983 . With an average annual temperature of -2.3 ° C Musala is the coldest place in Bulgaria and the entire Balkan Peninsula . Temperatures stay below 0 ° C for about 8 months each year . Due to this about 45 % of the annual precipitation on Musala is snow , and snow cover lasts for about 200 days -LRB- more than six months -RRB- . Three of the main rivers of Bulgaria , the Iskar , Maritsa and Mesta have their sources near Musala . The next highest peaks in the vicinity of Musala are Little Musala -LRB- 2,902 m -RRB- and Irechek -LRB- 2,852 m -RRB- . |
SUPPORTS | Temple of the Dog is the name of a band. | Temple_of_the_Dog | Temple of the Dog was an American rock band that formed in Seattle , Washington in 1990 . It was conceived by vocalist Chris Cornell of Soundgarden as a tribute to his friend , the late Andrew Wood , lead singer of the bands Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone . The line-up includes Stone Gossard on rhythm guitar , Jeff Ament on bass guitar -LRB- both ex-members of Mother Love Bone -RRB- , Mike McCready on lead guitar , and Matt Cameron on drums . Eddie Vedder appeared as a guest to provide some lead and backing vocals . The band released its only album , the self-titled Temple of the Dog , in April 1991 through A&M Records . The recording sessions took place in November and December 1990 at London Bridge Studios , in Seattle , Washington with producer Rakesh `` Rick '' Parashar . Although earning praise from music critics at the time of its release , the album was not widely recognized until 1992 , when Vedder , Ament , Gossard , and McCready had their breakthrough with Pearl Jam . The band toured in 2016 in celebration of the 25th anniversary of their self-titled album . |
SUPPORTS | Temple of the Dog is the name of a band. | Temple_of_the_Dog_-LRB-album-RRB- | Temple of the Dog is the only studio album by the American rock band Temple of the Dog , released on April 16 , 1991 , through A&M Records . The album is a tribute to Andrew Wood , the former lead singer of Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone , who died on March 19 , 1990 , of a heroin overdose . The album has been certified platinum by the RIAA in the United States . |
SUPPORTS | Temple of the Dog is the name of a band. | Chris_Cornell | Chris Cornell -LRB- born Christopher John Boyle ; July 20 , 1964 -- May 18 , 2017 -RRB- was an American musician , singer , and songwriter . He was best known as lead vocalist for the bands Soundgarden and Audioslave . He was a two-time Grammy winner -LRB- out of 14 nominations -RRB- and was also known for his numerous solo works , soundtrack contributions since 1991 and as founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog , the one-off tribute band dedicated to his friend , the late Andrew Wood . Cornell , who is considered one of the architects of the 1990s grunge movement , is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter , for his nearly four-octave vocal range , and for his powerful vocal belting technique . He released four solo studio albums , Euphoria Morning -LRB- 1999 -RRB- , Carry On -LRB- 2007 -RRB- , Scream -LRB- 2009 -RRB- , Higher Truth -LRB- 2015 -RRB- , and the live album Songbook -LRB- 2011 -RRB- . Cornell received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his song `` The Keeper '' which appeared in the film Machine Gun Preacher and co-wrote and performed the theme song to the James Bond film Casino Royale -LRB- 2006 -RRB- , `` You Know My Name '' . The last solo release by Chris was the charity single `` The Promise '' , written for the ending credits for the film of the same name . He was voted `` Rock 's Greatest Singer '' by readers of Guitar World , ranked 4th in the list of `` Heavy Metal 's All-Time Top 100 Vocalists '' by Hit Parader , 9th in the list of `` Best Lead Singers of All Time '' by Rolling Stone , and 12th in MTV 's `` 22 Greatest Voices in Music '' . According to Nielsen Music , across his entire catalog -LRB- Soundgarden , Audioslave and solo career -RRB- , Cornell sold 14.8 million albums , 8.8 million digital songs , 300 million on-demand audio streams in the U.S. and sold over 30 million records worldwide as of 2017 . Cornell was found dead from suicide in his Detroit hotel room early on the morning of May 18 , 2017 , following a Soundgarden concert the night before . He suffered from depression and had substance abuse problems earlier in life . |
SUPPORTS | Temple of the Dog is the name of a band. | Mike_McCready | Michael David McCready -LRB- born April 5 , 1966 -RRB- is an American musician who serves as the lead guitarist for the American grunge band Pearl Jam . Along with Jeff Ament , Stone Gossard and Eddie Vedder , he is one of the founding members of Pearl Jam . McCready was also a member of the side project bands Flight to Mars , Temple of the Dog , Mad Season and The Rockfords . He is also the proprietor of Hockey Talkter Records . McCready was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Pearl Jam on April 7 , 2017 . |
REFUTES | A Good Day to Die Hard was directed solely by Ridley Scott. | A_Good_Day_to_Die_Hard | A Good Day to Die Hard is a 2013 American action thriller film and the fifth installment in the Die Hard film series . The film was directed by John Moore and written by Skip Woods , and stars Bruce Willis as John McClane . The main plot finds McClane travelling to Russia to get his estranged son , Jack , an undercover CIA agent , out of prison . He is soon caught in the crossfire of a global terrorist plot . Alongside Willis , the film also stars Jai Courtney , Cole Hauser , Yuliya Snigir and Sebastian Koch as the film 's villain . Talks of a fifth Die Hard film began before the release of the fourth installment , Live Free or Die Hard , with Willis affirming that the latter would not be the last in the series , but pre-production did not start until September 2011 , when John Moore was officially announced as the director . Filming began in April 2012 , primarily in Budapest , Hungary . A Good Day to Die Hard premiered in Los Angeles on January 31 , 2013 , coinciding with the unveiling of a Die Hard mural at the Fox Lot , and was released in certain East and Southeast Asian countries on February 7 and in the United States and Canada on February 13 . It is the first Die Hard film to use Dolby Atmos Surround Mixing and the first to also be released in IMAX theaters . Unlike the previous films , A Good Day to Die Hard was a critical failure , receiving overwhelmingly negative reviews which cited implausible action sequences , a cliched script , a weak plot , Moore 's direction , and a lack of characterization , although the special effects were praised . It is the first film produced by TSG Entertainment , since distributor 20th Century Fox 's departure from Dune Entertainment upon the completion of their distribution contract at the end of 2012 . A sequel entitled Die Hard : Year One was confirmed to be in works while also intended to be an origin story of John McClane . |
REFUTES | LinkedIn is available in 24 cities as of 2013. | LinkedIn | LinkedIn -LRB- -LSB- ˌliŋkt.ˈɪn -RSB- -RRB- is a business - and employment-oriented social networking service that operates via websites and mobile apps . Founded on December 28 , 2002 , and launched on May 5 , 2003 , it is mainly used for professional networking , including employers posting jobs and job seekers posting their CVs . As of 2015 , most of the company 's revenue came from selling access to information about its members to recruiters and sales professionals . As of September 2016 , LinkedIn had more than 467 million accounts , out of which more than 106 million are active . As of April 2017 , LinkedIn had 500 million members in 200 countries . LinkedIn allows members -LRB- both workers and employers -RRB- to create profiles and `` connections '' to each other in an online social network which may represent real-world professional relationships . Members can invite anyone -LRB- whether an existing member or not -RRB- to become a connection . The `` gated-access approach '' -LRB- where contact with any professional requires either an existing relationship or an introduction through a contact of theirs -RRB- is intended to build trust among the service 's members . LinkedIn participated in the EU 's International Safe Harbor Privacy Principles . The site has an Alexa Internet ranking as the 20th most popular website . According to the New York Times , US high school students are now creating LinkedIn profiles to include with their college applications . Based in the United States , the site is , as of 2013 , available in 24 languages , including Arabic , Chinese , English , French , German , Italian , Portuguese , Spanish , Dutch , Swedish , Danish , Romanian , Russian , Turkish , Japanese , Czech , Polish , Korean , Indonesian , Malay , and Tagalog . LinkedIn filed for an initial public offering in January 2011 and traded its first shares on May 19 , 2011 , under the NYSE symbol `` LNKD '' . On June 13 , 2016 , Microsoft announced plans to acquire LinkedIn for $ 26.2 billion . The acquisition was completed on December 8 , 2016 . The transaction resulted in the payment of approximately $ 26.4 billion in cash merger consideration . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Golf is a racket and shuttlecock sport. | Women's_tennis | Women 's tennis is one of the most popular sports for women . It is one of the few sports where women command fame and popularity that equals men 's sporting counterparts . Women 's Tennis Association is the main organisation which runs female tennis . |
SUPPORTS | Hammer Film Productions produced at least one film in 2012. | Hammer_Film_Productions | Hammer Film Productions is a British film production company based in London . Founded in 1934 , the company is best known for a series of Gothic `` Hammer Horror '' films made from the mid-1950s until the 1970s . Hammer also produced science fiction , thrillers , film noir and comedies -- and , in later years , television series . During its most successful years , Hammer dominated the horror film market , enjoying worldwide distribution and considerable financial success . This success was due , in part , to distribution partnerships with major United States studios , such as Warner Bros. . During the late 1960s and 1970s the saturation of the horror film market by competitors and the loss of American funding forced changes to the previously lucrative Hammer formula , with varying degrees of success . The company eventually ceased production in the mid-1980s . In 2000 , the studio was bought by a consortium including advertising executive and art collector Charles Saatchi and publishing millionaires Neil Mendoza and William Sieghart . The company announced plans to begin making films again after this , but none were produced . In May 2007 , the company was sold again , this time to a consortium headed by Dutch media tycoon John de Mol , who announced plans to spend some $ 50m -LRB- # 25m -RRB- on new horror films . The new owners also acquired the Hammer group 's film library , consisting of 295 movies . Simon Oakes , who took over as CEO of Hammer , said : `` Hammer is a great British brand -- we intend to take it back into production and develop its global potential . The brand is still alive but no one has invested in it for a long time '' . Since then it has produced several films , including Let Me In -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , The Resident -LRB- 2011 -RRB- , The Woman in Black -LRB- 2012 -RRB- and The Quiet Ones -LRB- 2014 -RRB- . |
REFUTES | Houses became Virginia's most valuable export in 2002. | Virginia | Virginia -LRB- -LSB- vɚˈdʒɪnjə -RSB- , -LSB- vɚˈdʒɪni.ə -RSB- , officially the Commonwealth of Virginia -RRB- is a state located on the Atlantic Coast of the United States . The state is part of both the Southern United States , as well as the Mid-Atlantic . Virginia is nicknamed the `` Old Dominion '' due to its status as the first colonial possession established in mainland British America , and `` Mother of Presidents '' because eight U.S. presidents were born there , more than any other state . The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay , which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna . The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond ; Virginia Beach is the most populous city , and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision . The Commonwealth 's estimated population is over 8.3 million . The area 's history begins with several indigenous groups , including the Powhatan . In 1607 the London Company established the Colony of Virginia as the first permanent New World English colony . Slave labor and the land acquired from displaced Native American tribes each played a significant role in the colony 's early politics and plantation economy . Virginia was one of the 13 Colonies in the American Revolution and joined the Confederacy in the American Civil War , during which Richmond was made the Confederate capital and Virginia 's northwestern counties seceded to form the state of West Virginia . Although the Commonwealth was under one-party rule for nearly a century following Reconstruction , both major national parties are competitive in modern Virginia . The Virginia General Assembly is the oldest continuous law-making body in the New World . The state government was ranked most effective by the Pew Center on the States in both 2005 and 2008 . It is unique in how it treats cities and counties equally , manages local roads , and prohibits its governors from serving consecutive terms . Virginia 's economy has many sectors : agriculture in the Shenandoah Valley ; federal agencies in Northern Virginia , including the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense and Central Intelligence Agency -LRB- CIA -RRB- ; and military facilities in Hampton Roads , the site of the region 's main seaport . Virginia 's economy changed from primarily agricultural to industrial during the 1960s and 1970s , and in 2002 computer chips became the state 's leading export by monetary value . |
NOT ENOUGH INFO | Johnny Van Zant still performs with sunglasses. | No_More_Dirty_Deals | No More Dirty Deals is Johnny Van Zant 's début solo album . |
SUPPORTS | Granite is an igneous rock. | Granite | Granite -LRB- -LSB- pronˈɡrænᵻt -RSB- -RRB- is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture . Granites can be predominantly white , pink , or gray in color , depending on their mineralogy . The word `` granite '' comes from the Latin granum , a grain , in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock . Strictly speaking , granite is an igneous rock with between 20 % and 60 % quartz by volume , and at least 35 % of the total feldspar consisting of alkali feldspar , although commonly the term `` granite '' is used to refer to a wider range of coarse grained igneous rocks containing quartz and feldspar . The term `` granitic '' means granite-like and is applied to granite and a group of intrusive igneous rocks with similar textures and slight variations in composition and origin . These rocks mainly consist of feldspar , quartz , mica , and amphibole minerals , which form an interlocking , somewhat equigranular matrix of feldspar and quartz with scattered darker biotite mica and amphibole -LRB- often hornblende -RRB- peppering the lighter color minerals . Occasionally some individual crystals -LRB- phenocrysts -RRB- are larger than the groundmass , in which case the texture is known as porphyritic . A granitic rock with a porphyritic texture is known as a granite porphyry . Granitoid is a general , descriptive field term for lighter-colored , coarse-grained igneous rocks . Petrographic examination is required for identification of specific types of granitoids . The extrusive igneous rock equivalent of granite is rhyolite . Granite is nearly always massive -LRB- lacking any internal structures -RRB- , hard and tough , and therefore it has gained widespread use throughout human history , and more recently as a construction stone . The average density of granite is between 2.65 and 2.75 g/cm3 -LRB- 165.4 - 171.7 lb/ft3 -RRB- , its compressive strength usually lies above 200 MPa , and its viscosity near STP is 3 -- 6 • 1019 Pa · s. The melting temperature of dry granite at ambient pressure is ; it is strongly reduced in the presence of water , down to 650 ° C at a few kBar pressure . Granite has poor primary permeability , but strong secondary permeability . |
REFUTES | The Monster only features guest vocals from Drake. | The_Monster_-LRB-song-RRB- | `` The Monster '' is a song by American rapper Eminem , featuring guest vocals from Barbadian singer Rihanna , taken from Eminem 's album The Marshall Mathers LP 2 -LRB- 2013 -RRB- . The song was written by Eminem , Jon Bellion , and Bebe Rexha , with production handled by Frequency . `` The Monster '' marks the fourth collaboration between Eminem and Rihanna , following `` Love the Way You Lie '' , its sequel `` Love the Way You Lie -LRB- Part II -RRB- '' -LRB- 2010 -RRB- , and `` Numb '' -LRB- 2012 -RRB- . `` The Monster '' was released on October 29 , 2013 , as the fourth single from the album . The song 's lyrics present Rihanna coming to grips with her inner demons , while Eminem ponders the negative effects of his fame . Upon release the song was met with positive reviews from music critics , who compared the song to `` Love the Way You Lie '' . `` The Monster '' has successfully charted worldwide , topping the charts in twelve countries including Australia , Canada , France , Ireland , New Zealand , Switzerland , the United Kingdom and the United States ' Billboard Hot 100 . It also marks Eminem 's first number one on the US Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart and has reached the top ten in Austria , Belgium , Italy and Spain . The song 's accompanying music video was directed by the American filmmaker Rich Lee , the video depicts Rihanna as Eminem 's therapist in a session , as previous videos from his career are shown and referenced including `` Mockingbird '' , `` My Name Is '' , `` Lose Yourself '' , `` 3 a.m. '' , `` The Way I Am '' and the 2001 Grammy Awards performance of `` Stan '' with Elton John . The video was well received and was nominated for several awards . Eminem and Rihanna performed the song live at the 2014 MTV Movie Awards . |
REFUTES | Floyd Mayweather Jr. is a professional beat boxer. | Floyd_Mayweather_Jr. | Floyd Joy Mayweather Jr. -LRB- born Floyd Joy Sinclair ; February 24 , 1977 -RRB- is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2015 , and currently works as a boxing promoter . Widely considered to be one of the greatest boxers of all time , undefeated as a professional , and a five-division world champion , Mayweather won fifteen world titles and the lineal championship in four different weight classes -LRB- twice at welterweight -RRB- . As an amateur , he won a bronze medal in the featherweight division at the 1996 Olympics . Mayweather is a two-time winner of The Ring magazine 's Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 1998 and 2007 -RRB- , a three-time winner of the Boxing Writers Association of America -LRB- BWAA -RRB- Fighter of the Year award -LRB- 2007 , 2013 , and 2015 -RRB- , and a six-time winner of the Best Fighter ESPY Award -LRB- 2007 -- 2010 , 2012 -- 2014 -RRB- . In 2016 , Mayweather was ranked by ESPN as the greatest boxer , pound for pound , of the last 25 years . In the same year , he peaked as BoxRec 's number one fighter of all time , pound for pound , as well as the greatest welterweight of all time . Many sporting news and boxing websites ranked Mayweather as the best boxer in the world , pound for pound , twice in a span of ten years ; including The Ring , Sports Illustrated , ESPN , BoxRec , Fox Sports , and Yahoo! Sports . He is also regarded as the best defensive boxer in the sport , as well as being the most accurate puncher since the existence of CompuBox , having the highest plus -- minus ratio in recorded boxing history . He finished his career with a record of 26 wins without a loss or draw in world title fights -LRB- 10 by KO -RRB- ; 23 wins -LRB- 9 KOs -RRB- in lineal title fights ; 24 wins -LRB- 7 KOs -RRB- against former or current world titlists ; 12 wins -LRB- 3 KOs -RRB- against former or current lineal champions ; and 2 wins -LRB- 1 KO -RRB- against International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees . In addition to his accomplishments in the ring , Mayweather is well known for being one of the most lucrative pay-per-view -LRB- PPV -RRB- attractions of all time , in any sport . He topped the Forbes and Sports Illustrated lists of the 50 highest-paid athletes of 2012 and 2013 respectively , and the Forbes list again in both 2014 and 2015 , listing him as the highest paid athlete in the world . In 2007 , he founded Mayweather Promotions , his own boxing promotional firm after defecting from Bob Arum 's Top Rank . Mayweather has generated approximately 19.5 million in PPV buys and $ 1.3 billion in revenue throughout his career , surpassing the likes of former top PPV attractions including Mike Tyson , Evander Holyfield , Lennox Lewis , Oscar De La Hoya , and Manny Pacquiao . |
SUPPORTS | Pitch Perfect 2 centers on a university that is fictional. | Pitch_Perfect_2 | Pitch Perfect 2 is a 2015 American comedy film directed and co-produced by Elizabeth Banks and written by Kay Cannon . It is a sequel to the 2012 film Pitch Perfect and the second installment in the Pitch Perfect series . The film centers on the fictional Barden University and The Bellas , an all-female a cappella singing group . The film features an ensemble cast , including Anna Kendrick , Rebel Wilson , Hailee Steinfeld , Brittany Snow , Alexis Knapp , Hana Mae Lee , Ester Dean , Chrissie Fit , Kelley Jakle and Shelley Regner as The Bellas . It was released on May 15 , 2015 by Universal Pictures . The film grossed over $ 287 million and surpassed the total gross of the original film -LRB- $ 115.4 million -RRB- in five days , and also became the highest-grossing music comedy film of all-time , overtaking School of Rock -LRB- $ 131.3 million -RRB- . A sequel , Pitch Perfect 3 , is set to be released on December 22 , 2017 . |
REFUTES | Jiang Wen is exclusively a producer. | Jiang_Wen | Jiang Wen -LRB- born 5 January 1963 -RRB- is a Chinese film actor , screenwriter , and director . As a director , he is sometimes grouped with the `` Sixth Generation '' that emerged in the 1990s . Jiang is also well known internationally as an actor , having starred with Gong Li in Zhang Yimou 's debut film Red Sorghum -LRB- 1986 -RRB- , and more recently as Baze Malbus in the Star Wars anthology film Rogue One -LRB- 2016 -RRB- . He is the older brother of fellow actor Jiang Wu . |
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